Aeneas Chigwedere

**Aeneas Soko Chigwedere**  (25 Mbudzi 1939 - 22 Ndira 2021) aive muZimbabwean wezvematongerwo enyika, munyori wenhoroondo, nyanzvi yezvedzidzo, uye mutungamiriri wechivanhu. Vakashanda segurukota rezvedzidzo, mitambo, netsika kubva muna Nyamavhuvhu 2001, ndokudomwa kuva gurukota rinoona nezvekugara uye gavhuna wedunhu reMashonaland East muna Nyamavhuvhu 2008. Akagadzwa saSabhuku Svosve Mubayiwa musi wa10 Kurume 2008. Musi wa22 Ndira 2021, vakashaya papurazi ravo pedyo neMarondera mushure mekurwara nedenda reCOVID-19 muZimbabwe . 

## Mazuva ake ekutanga
Chigwedere akaberekerwa mudunhu reHwedza muZimbabwe. Baba vake vakanga vari mudzidzisi uye vakanga vashanda saforomani papurazi rezvokutengeserana, uye amai vake vaiva murimi aigara munharaunda. Sekuru vake vaive Sabhuku wenzvimbo iyi vachimirira imwe yedzimba dzevakuru vekwaSvosve. Akadzidza paChigwedere School, Chemhanza Mission, neWaddilove Institute asati aenda kuGoromonzi High School .

## Nhoroondo yemuZimbabwe nemuAfrica
Chigwedere akanyoresa paUniversity of London, College of Rhodesia neNyasaland, muna 1962 semumwe wevadzidzi makumi maviri nevashanu vemuAfrica vakagamuchirwa kubva kuZimbabwe, Zambia neMalawi . Semudzidzi wechitema wekutanga kubvumidzwa kuita zvidzidzo zveHistory Honours, kwaakapedza kudzidza muna 1964, akaona zvakasimba kuti aive nebasa rekushanda mukuburitsa nhoroondo yechokwadi yeZimbabwe. Akatanga kudzidza Chimurenga, iyo 1896-97 anticolonial war, muna 1966 akananga kuMPhil degree. Dingindira rake guru, rinopesana nevanyori venhoroondo dzevakoloni vakaratidza hondo semhinduro isina kubatana kuhutongi hwevapambevhu muna 1890, yaive yekuti hondo iyi yaive hondo yechivanhu yakarongeka: yakafemerwa naMurenga (mweya wepaMatopos) achibatsirwa naMkwati, Kaguvi., Nehanda naMbonga, midzimu yose yechiShona; kurwa kwakatungamirirwa nemadzishe ane vaRozvi, vatongi venyika vokupedzisira, vachitora murairo; Chinangwa chaive chekudzoreredza hutongi hwevaShona uye Mudzinganyama aive asarudzwa kuti agadzwe samambo wevaRozvi mugore ra1897; uye Shona yakanangana nedzimwe nyika. Saizvozvo, Chigwedere akati pasina kunyatsoongorora kurongeka kwechivanhu chevaShona uye kuburitsa kuti Murenga naNehanda ndivanaani, kana kuti humambo hwevaRozvi, hapana kuburitswa pachena kwehondo. Basa guru raakaita rave rekufumura zvose zviriko uye nzira dzekudzidza nezve precolonial Zimbabwean and African History.

Bhuku rake *From Mutapa to Rhodes* (Macmillan 1980) rinopa nhevedzano yenhorondo yeZimbabwe isati yatanga umambo hunoratidza kuti dzinza nemadzishe akawanda emuZimbabwe ane madzitateguru akafanana, nokudaro vachengeti vemachechi vakafanana. Pamusoro pezvinyorwa zvakachengetwa (patsika dzekutanga nemuromo), bhuku rinovakazve nhoroondo kubva kutsika dzakadzama dzemuromo, nhoroondo yetotemic uye nhetembo dzekurumbidza, chitendero chechinyakare nemhando dzayo, uye kurumbidza kwechinyakare nenziyo dzehondo. *Kuzvarwa kweBantu Africa* (Books for Africa 1982) kunosundira shinda kumashure uye kunoratidza kuti mazhinji emadzinza ekuChamhembe kweAfrica ane mabviro akafanana uye anorondwa. *Humambo hweKaranga* (Mabhuku eAfrica 1985) inoongorora zvakadzama mabviro, kutama, kukura uye kupatsanurwa kweTongas neKalangas.

### Mamwe mabasa

* *Lobola: Zvakanakira nezvazvakaipira* (Books For Africa 1982);
* *Magamba Akakanganwa eChimurenga I* (Mercury Press 1991);
* *The Abandoned Adolescents* (Mutapa 1996);
* *Kutengeswa kweBritish kwevaAfrica: Nyika, Mombe uye Kodzero dzevanhu* (Mutapa 2002).

Vakanyora mabhuku mana anoti, *Dynamics of History* I – IV (College Press), ari kushandiswa nezvikoro zvepamusoro zveZimbabwe. Vakanyora nekupa mapepa akawanda, vakaita zvirongwa zvakawanda zvenhoroondo paredhiyo neterevhizheni, uye zvichangobva kubuda zviri kutepfenyurwa paterevhizheni yeZimbabwe svondo rega rega.

## Dzidzo
Chigwedere akapinda kubazi rezvedzidzo semudzidzisi wepamusoro mugore ra1965 ndokupedza chitupa chake chedzidzo mugore ra1975. Akadzidzisa kwenguva pfupi kuFletcher neHighfield, asi akapedza nguva yakawanda yebasa rake rekudzidzisa paGoromonzi High School kwaakasimukira kuita mukuru wechikoro mutema wekutanga kubva muna 1977 kusvika 1986. Nekuda kwekuti Goromonzi ndicho chaive chikoro chekare chehurumende, uye zvakare, chikoro chega chaidzidzisa vatema danho repamusoro, kushanda kwaChigwedere pachikoro ichi kwakamugonesa kudzidzisa nekuchenesa vanhu vazhinji vakazova makurukota, vamiriri veparamende, nevakuru vemabhizimusi muZimbabwe. Papfupi mazita evadzidzi vake vanosanganisira vamwe vavanoshanda navo mudare remakurukota VaCharles Utete, VaPatrick Chinamasa, Simbarashe Mumbengegwi, Witness Mangwende, VaJuly Moyo, VaSimon Khaya Moyo, nevamwe vane mukurumbira vakaita samunyori Thompson Tsodzo, mabharani weparamende, VaAustin Zvoma, mutungamiri webato rinopikisa reTendai Biti Group. VaLogistixware Jaweet Mahachi, chiremba wezvirwere zvemoyo, Jonathan Matenga, mutori wenhau Geoffrey Nyarota, uye magweta ari kutanga Chirunda naChihambakwe.

VaChigwedere ndemumwe wevakavamba National Association of Secondary School Headmasters, vakave sachigaro weRegional wekutanga weMashonaland yese ndokuzoita National Chair kusvika 1986, ndokuzosarudzwa kuve nhengo yehupenyu hwavo hwose. Akashandawo kwenguva yakareba mudare reNational Museums and Monuments, akatungamirira bhodhi kubva muna 1984 kusvika muna 1988, uye mukucherechedza basa rake nezvidzidzo, akapiwa chitupa chebasa rinokosha uye nhengo yehupenyu hunoremekedzwa. Kubva muna 1987 kusvika 1995, Chigwedere akashanda semutevedzeri uyezve semukuru mukuru wezvekudzidza mubazi rezvedzidzo, akakurumidza kusiya basa kuti aite zvematongerwo enyika.

## Zvematongerwo enyika
Chigwedere akatanga kupinda muZANU muna 1964 ari kuyunivhesiti. Muna 1985 vakave munyori wezvedzidzo mudunhu reChaminuka kuGoromonzi. Muna 1993, vakakwira kuburikidza nehurongwa hweZANU Marondera (neWedza) kubva pawadhi kusvika kuva Secretary of Education weMashonaland East Province. Vakakwikwidza vakakunda chigaro cheparamende yeWedza muna 1995 nechikamu chechina pakukura kwemavhoti munyika yose. Vamwe vavakarova musarudzo dzedzidzo dzevana vechidiki ndiVaChenjerai Hunzvi, mutungamiri wesangano revakarwa hondo. Vakasarudzwa zvakare kuve muparamende muna 2000 na2005, uye muna 2008 vakave seneta asiri wedunhu.

Muna 1996, vakadomwa kuva sachigaro wekomisheni yeZANU PF inoona nezvekuvandudzwa kwedzidzo, uye muna 1999 vakave Secretary for Administration kuMashonaland East. Vakagadzwa semutevedzeri wegurukota rezvedzidzo muna Chikunguru 2000, muna Nyamavhuvhu 2001, Chigwedere akava gurukota rezvedzidzo, mitambo netsika, bazi guru reZimbabwe munyaya dzekugoverwa kwemari pamwe nekushanda nesimba. Basa rake rave rekugadzirisa zvirongwa zvedzidzo kuti zvienderane nezvinodiwa neZimbabwe pari zvino, kubatanidza tsika nemagariro nedzidzo huru, uye kugadziridza masangano ezvemitambo kuti ave masangano enyanzvi anozvidavirira. Nekufambiswa kwevanhu vakawanda kwakauya nekugovewa kweminda, chikamu chikuru chebasa reMinistry ranga riri kutanga nekuronga patsva zvikoro munharaunda itsva dzevarimi.

Kubva muna 2003 kusvika 2016, Chigwedere akaiswa pazvirango zvekuAmerica . 

Zvichitevera sarudzo yeparamende yaKurume 2008, Chigwedere akagadzwa segurukota rezvekugara uye gavhuna wedunhu reMashonaland East nemutungamiri wenyika VaRobert Mugabe musi wa25 Nyamavhuvhu 2008; munzvimbo iyi, akashandawo seSeneta. Vakambochengetwa zvakare segurukota rezvedzidzo, mitambo netsika.

## Sabhuku wechivanhu
Chigwedere akabva kune imwe yedzimba dzevakuru veUshe hwekwa Svosve, iyo yakaramba yakanangana nevekwaMutapa vaive vatongi venyika. Humambo hweSvosve hunosanganisira dunhu rinogara richitarwa nemakova ose anopinda murwizi Ruzawi, zvichidzika kusvika kuna Save River - inofukidza Marondera neWedza yose ine Rusike, Mangwende neMakoni kumabvazuva, Seke, Chihota neNenguwo kuchamhembe nekumadokero. namadzishe vaNyashanu navaNjanja kumaodzanyemba. Imba yaMubayiwa, iyo yaimiririrwa naChigwedere, ndiyo yakapihwa basa rekutonga nekuchengetedza dunhu rose rinosanganisa gomo reWedza uye rainzi 'kumatirikoti'. Nhasi dunhu iri rinosanganisira mawadhi mashanu ari kubva kurwizi Save kumaodzanyemba, nemugomo reWedza kusvika kuMarondera mumugwagwa weWatershed, kusanganisira minda yekurima yakatorwa patsva. Mushure mekunge vazodzwa semutevedzeri muna 1973 pakagadzwa sabhuku wekupedzisira, Chigwedere akatora chigaro ichi zviri pamutemo muna Kurume 2008 pamutambo mukuru apo akatambira nhumbi dzechivanhu nemidziyo inoera zvakapihwa sabhuku. Vakadoma kanzuru kuti itonge kwenguva yavanenge vachine chigaro chezvematongerwo enyika.

## Kukakavadzana
VaChigwedere vakapokana nekushoropodzwa segurukota pavakamboti vadzidzi vose vapfeke yunifomu imwe chete, kuedza kutumidza mazita ezvikoro zvinenge zvichine mazita evakoloni, uye kutsika madziro kunovapa masimba ekudzora mari dzinobhadhariswa zvikoro zvehurumende nezvikoro zvakazvimirira. Akataura kuti mamwe emazano ake anga ari kuyedza kudzikisira nhau ye kukwira kwemutengo pahurongwa hwedzidzo.

Chigwedere akambotsigira chirevo chemumwe mukuru wechikoro chepuraimari chekudzinga mwana wechiRasta ane makore 7 nekuti aiona kuti madreads emukomana uyu haaenderani nerokwe rechikoro. Mutongo wacho wakakanzurwa neDare Repamusorosoro. Chigwedere aivewo neTV Programme Madzinza eZimbabwe yaitevera madzinza edzimba dzeZimbabwe. Dambudziko rakauya apo vamwe vanyori venhoroondo nenyanzvi dzezvidzidzo zvevachena mukutanga kwema2000 vaiona Chigwedere sechitubu. Vakashoropodzwa nenyanzvi dzebazi rezvenhoroondo dzepaUniversity of Zimbabwe dzakaita saDavid Beach naTerence Ranger vachiti vane dzidziso dzisina kujeka. Pane imwe nguva, akakwezva ngwariro paakanokora mashoko svikiro mumharidzo yake yefundo.

## References