open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Hwarasanza

Hwarasanza kana **dara** (platform, scaffold, table) kureva chivakwa chiri pakakwirira chine mapango akatsigira sedara.

## Mitauro yeAfrika

*VaKongo vanoti **esanza** (n. shelf) kureva sherufu. Mukutaura vaKongo vanowanzosiya **e** anovamba mazwi anenge **esanza**.
*VaTonga vanoti **Cisanza** (raised platform to store maize) kureva **dara**. Kwama vanoti sanza (n. bed) kureva mubhedha.
*Baila vanoti **busanza** (platform for storing grain, nuts etc) kureva **dara**. Baila vanoti **busanza** (a scaffold used in building) kureva sikafura inoshandiswa pakuvaka.
*VaMambwe vanoti **-panga usanza** (n. to make a bed) kureva kugadzira mubhedha.

## Zvinyorwa Zvinotodzana

*Dara reChibage
*Chisanza sezita
Hwarapakati

Muchidzidzo fundoyetsimba, **hwarapakati** (centrifugal) zvinoreva kufamba nerudzivo rwunobuda kunze rwuchitiza pakati, zvikurusei pakati pedenderedzwa. Shoko rokuti kukwara rinoreva kutiza.

*Fosi yeRutondapakati (centripetal force) ndiyo inokonzera motokari kuti isabuda pamugwagwa kana yapinda pane munyongo kana kuti pane denderedzwa. 

*Fosi yehwarapakati ifosi inoita makakatanwa neFosi yeRutondapakati. Apo Fosi yeRutondapakati inenge iri kukakatira mukati kuti mutumbi urambe uri kufamba mudenderedzwa, Fosi yehwarapakati inenge ichidhonzera kunze nokuda kwe *inertia*. Izvi zvinoonekwa kana bhazi riri kufamba pamugwagwa pane munyongo kana pakakombama. Fosi yeRutondapakati inokakatira bhazi mukati memunyongo ukuwo fosi yehwarapakati ichikakatira bhazi kunze kwemunyongo.

## Mamwe Mazwi

*Vamwe vanoti kana kuvanga kureva kutiza.
*Hwara (to escape, to escape from).
Kunwa

Kunwa (to drink) zvinoreva kukwevera mukanwa mvura kana chime chinenge mvura - chingava mukaka, maheu, kana chimwewo chinwiwa.

## Mamwe Mazwi

*Kunwisa
*Kunwira
*Kunwirwa
*Kunwiwa

## Mazwi eBantu

*Baila vanoti shakunwa (n. beverage) kureva chekunwa.
*VaGungu vanoti kunywa (drink) zvichireva kunwa. VaDigo vanoti kunwa (drinking) vachireva kunwa.
*VaGungu vanoti kunywa (absorb, take in liquid from surrounding space or surface) zvichireva kunwira.
*Tiriki vanoti kung'wa (to drink) kureva kunwa. Gbeya vanoti no-a  (v. to drink) kureva kunwa.
*Venda inoti **-kaswa** (lap up as a dog when drinking) vachireva kukasva.
Maenza

**Maenza** (ku Chingezi: wet season; rainy season) kana **zienza** inguva ye mwaka yekunaya.

## Mamwe mapeji ekutarisa

* Mwaka
* Chando
* Maswiswi
* Matsutso
* Zhizha
Kuunzika

Kuunzika (**to concentrate**) riri kushanda pane kuturikira chinonzi **concentrating** kuEnglish  - izvi zvinoreva kuungira muchegwa wakakosha uchisarudzwa kubva kune muchegwa wemambara.  Muchegwa wakakosha ndiwo matombo akatakura simbi; aya matombo anochengetwa achipinda mune dzimwe shandura dzinowedzera chiunziko chesimbi. Chinangwa chekuunzika ndechekuti pakupedzisira pave nemuunzikwa wesimbi wakapfuma, simbi ichiwanda kudzamara yasvika pakunatswa. Muunzikwa ishoko riri kuturikira chinonzi **concentrate**. Kambani yeUnki iri kuShurugwi ine mugodhi unotengesa muunzikwa weplatinamu - **platinum concentrate**.

*Kuunzika (accumulate, gather together, heap together, to concentrate).

Muchegwa wemanyara (gangue mineral) zvinoreva muchegwa uri muchitofu unoraswa nokuti hauna mari. Mambara ndiwo matombo asiri kudiwa 5asina kukosha; aya matombo anoraswa kumotoro achingobva pasi pemugodhi.

*Kupungunura (remove waste or to remove from waste). Apa izwi iri riri kutodzaniswa nerinoti bungu rinoreva guri rinosara risina tsanga pakutonongora.
*Mapungu (tailings kuEnglish) kureva izvo zvisina simbi kana zvine simbi shomanana zvinoraswa panokukutwa muunzikwa wesimbi.

## Kurerutsa Mutauro

Mukutaura kwemazuva ose, kuunzika (accumulate, gather, heap together) zvinoreva kuunganidza semhurwi panzvimbo imwe.

*Chiunziko - Shoko iri riri kuturikira chinonzi **concentration** kuEnglish rinoreva huwandu hwesimbi sechikamu kubva muzana. Huwandu hwesimbi huri kucherechedzwa hunokwanisa kunge huri huremu kana  mumhu. Sokuti Kopa inobuda muchigayo yave nechiunziko chinodarika 40%.
*Chiunzikiro - izwi riri kuturikira chinonzi **concentrator** zvinoreva mubisho unoita mabasa anokombodza simbi, huwandu hwacho muchiyero chemumhu kana huremu huchiwanda. Kufashaidza mvura ine munyu kunounzika huwandu wemunyu mumvura yacho.

*Anoparika, anoparika pachipari. Anopfimbika, anopfimbika mupfimbi. Anounzika, anounzika paunzi. Shoko rokuti **munzi** rinoda kutodzana neanoti: munzi, nyunzi kana nyunzvi - kutaura muromo wakapinza - **sharp point**. Saka kuunzika zvoreva kuunza zviro papoyindi kana paunzi zvinovona zvimwechete neshoko rokuti **concentrating**

## Mitauro yeBantu

*Chewa vanoti **unjiko** (to heap up, to gather scattered items) kureva kuunganidza. VaChewa vanoti **kuunjika** (pile up, heap up, accumulate). 
*Kimbundu vanoti **-lunjika** (n. accumulate). VaKongo vanoti **totakana** (v.i. to adjoin, be near, to join together) kureva kubatana.
*VaKongo vanoti **totakesa** (v.cause place in contact, adjoining, near, to put near, put touching) kureva kubatanidza.
*VaTiriki vanoti **vuvunjikha** (collection) kureva mukumbanidzwa. Mamwe mazwi: **muvunjikha** kana **vavunjikha** (n. collector) vachireva muunzika.
*VaLenje vanoti **songa** (press together, heap up, pile up, cram, give full measure). VaDigo vanoti **tsadzira** (to accumulate) kureva kuunga.
Kutsinhana

*Kutsinhana (to make a treaty).
*Kutsinhana (place close together, pack closely, be near each other).
*Kutsinhana (exchange goods or money).
Mukowasimbi

Mukowasimbi (Metallurgy) izwi riri kushandiswa pazvinyorwa zvino kuturikira chinonzi **metallurgy** kuEnglish, zvichireva mabasa nehunyanzvi hwekukohwa simbi mubva mumatombo anocherwa pamugodhi. Munhu wacho ane hunyanzvi hwekukohwa simbi anenge odanwa kunzi makowasimbi, pahuzhinji toti ana makowasimbi. 
 
## Kupiwa kweZita

Izwi rokuti **metallurgy** rakaumbwa nemaviri anoti: **metal + ergon**; izwi rokuti **ergon** rinoreva **work**. KuChiShona izwi rokuti **mukowa** rinoreva basa - fananidzai nokuti mhizha. Pachinyorwa chino **metallurgy** yaturikirwa ichinzi mukowasimbi - basa iri rinobatwa nemichina yakakura imwe nguva richida moto wekununisa simbi dzacho kuti dzitsaurwe kubva kumambara nemuchegwa wemanyara. MuZimbabwe kambani dzinoita mukowasimbi dzinosanganosira: Zimplats, RioZim, Metallon, Mimosa, Anglo American nedzimwewo.

*Mukowasimbi-manzi (Hydro-metallurgy).
*Mukowasimbi-muriro (pyro-metallurgy).
***Mukowa** (hard work, difficult undertaking, great task) basa risiri nyore kuita.
*Mubisho (1. Hard work, 2. Diligence, 3. Utility)
Chiradza

*Chiradza (Strong person or beast). Ichi ndicho chiradza chekuchera - that one is the strongest at digging.
*Chiradza (drunkard, drunk person) apa kureva chidhakwa kana munhu akadhakwa.
*Chiradza sezita.
Kubishinga

Kubishinga kana kubisha (Be diligently, industriously active, work energetically). Muchenje tusikwa tunogarobisha: ants are little creatures that are always busy.

## Mamwe Mazwi

*Bishi, mabishi kana chapwati (Whole-hearted activity). Pane bishi hapadanwi anonzwa: where people are very busy there is no calling and getting an answer.
*-bishiko- (deficient v Diligently, industriously). Amai vanobishikoshandira mhuri yavo: a mother works diligently for the family.
*Kubishinga kana kubirisha (Work energetically. Vari kubishinga mabasa, kurima, etc: they are busy at work, ploughing, etc
*Mubisho kana bishingo (Scene of energtic work or whole hearted activity).
*Mubishi kana mhishi kureva ivo vashandi vacho vanobata basa nemazvo.
*Kubishidza (to operate) sokuti kubishidza mushini - to operate a machine.

## Mitauro yeBantu

*VaWanga vanoti **libishiro** (store; bank; treasury; any place where things are stored away) kureva nzvimbo inochengeterwa nhumbi kana zvinhu.
Kugwinya

Kugwinya (to be energetic, to be strong, to put forth all of one's strength) kushanda nesimba guru.

*Gwinyiro kana magwinyiro (1. Ambition 2. goal of). Gwinyiro rake kuva mutyairi wechitima: his ambition is to be an engine driver.

## Mitauro yeBantu

*VaChewa vanoti **mpamvu** (n. strength) kureva chisimba?.
*VaMambwe vanoti **molimo** (n. energy, zeal for work) kureva simba.
*VaTonga vanoti **inguzu** (power; strength) kureva simba. Mafwe vanoti **manta** (n. power) kureva simba.
*VaTonga vanoti **kupa inguzu** kana **kupa ng'uzu** (empowerment) kureva kusimbisa.
Nzanga (dzemisha)

**Nzanga** (village, society, company) apa kureva musha, kana boka ringanzi society kuEnglish. Vakomana veKereke yeRhoma vanosangana muNzanga yaAlois, vasikana vachisangana muNzanga yaAgnes.

Pakuturikira tinoziva kuti kuEnglish society is an organization to which people who share similar interests can belong  confraternity; association. MuChiShona toti chita kana **nzanga**.

## Mashoko Akatodzana

*Chizanga

*Chidzangara (small group; 2. Squad, 3. A small party of men assembled for drill, inspection, or other purposes) apa kureva kapoka kaduku kari pakudzidza basa kana kaungana nechimwewo chinangwa.

*Chizangaziko (private discussion)
*Kazangarare
*Muzangaza
*Munzanga apa kureva munhu anenge ari nhengo yenzanga.
*Muzangwa

Zvinodaro kuti mashoko aya anogona kuturikira mazwi eEnglish anoti: *society, social, socialist, socialism, socialite* zvichingodaro.

## Kurerutsa Mutauro

*Vasikana veNzanga yaAgnes vakaenda kuGokomere kumusangano.
***Nzanga** inokura yerema yomuchenjeri inoparara: (The village of the fool grows That of the clever man breaks up).
*Nzanga inoreva shamwari kumutauro weChewa.

## Mitauro yeBantu

*VaLozi vanoti **sango** kana **siango** (n. company, group of people) kureva **nzanga**.
Mukume

Mukume (pollen) unowanikwa pamaruva uye unotakura nhengo dzechirume dzinokukumidza madzinde kuti achibereka michero yawo.

## Mitauro yeBantu

*VaMambwe vanoti **mukuma** kana **muluwa**  (the pollen of flowers) vachireva mukume.
Kuzvambaradza

Kuzvambaradza rimwe remashoko anokwanisa kurasisa munhu mutsva kuChiShona nokuti rinoreva zvakasiyana-siyana.

## Mamwe Mazwi

*Kuzvambarara (to lie stretched out) zvinogona kureva kurara wakatandaudza muviri, somunhu aneta.
*Kuzvambaradza (cause to lie stretched out) zvinogona kureva kusakisa kuti munhu azvambarare.
*Kuzvambaradza (to beat someone until they are weak and lie stretched out) zvinogona kureva kurova munhu kusvikira arukutika zvokuti  anongozvambarara.
Nhenda

*Nhenda (sick person) apa kureva murwere ane denda.
*Manhenda (uncertain outcome). Sokuti: Mombe yetsiru manhenda waikama.
Ronzamukowa

Mazwi anoti Chironzo Chemukowa kana ronzamukowa ari kushandiswa kuturikira chinonzi **ergonomics** kuEnglish. 

Shoko rokuti **chironzo** (law) rinoreva mutemo. Shoko rokuti **kuronza** (to say, to tell, explain) rinoreva kuudza, kutaura kana kutsanangura. Saka tikati ronzamukowa zvinoreva kuti chidzidzo ichi chakaita somutemo unotaura, unotiudza pamwe nokutsanangura zvakanangana nemukowa kana mabatirwo, nechimiro chebasa. Shoko rokuti mukowa rinoreva basal rinorema - **hard and dangerous work**.
Nhungamiri

*Nhungamiri (the leadership) apa kureva boka revatungamiri.
*Nhungamiri (advance guard) apa kureva boka remawuto vakatungamiri kunorwa hondo.
Ndanga

*Ndanga (Agreement, treaty).
*Ndanga, sezita 
*Ndanga (Thoughts, purpose, intentions).

## Mazwi eBantu

*Baila vanoti **ku tanga** (to make a covenant) vachireva kuita mhiko? Fananidzai nokuti ndanga.
*Mururimi rweYao vanoti **malango** (understanding, cleverness).
*Mururimi rweTaita vanoti **ndanga** (n. pip - a small hard seed in a fruit) kureva mhodzi hukutu yakadai seye mandimu.
Mbarevare

Mbarevare kana **mbaravara** (intelligent or clever person, genius) zvinoreva munhu akachenjera zvakanyanya.

## Mamwe Mazwi

*Sharara, chizazamburo zvinoreva munhu ane huchenjeri.
*Garikayi imbaravara yomukomana: he is an intelligent boy. 

## Mitauro yeBantu

*VaKwere vanoti **mbala** (intelligent). VaKagulu vanoti **-bala** (n. adept - skilled or proficient person) kureva nyanzvi.
*VaKagulu vanoti **ubala** kana **uzungu** (ingenuity - skillfullness of conception or design). Mamwe mazwi: **kena ubala** (ingenious person) kureva mungwaru.
*VaKagulu vanoti **mbala-mpapala** (artfull) kureva kuva nohudavadi. Mamwe mazwi: **mubala** (n. clever person).
*VaZigula vanoti **ubala** (cleverness, cunning, smartness, wisdom) kureva mbaravara. Mamwe mazwi: **mbala** (clever, shrewd or cunning people) kureva vanhu vakachenjera.
Hongonya

Hongonya kana gongonya (A strong & brave person; a strong object).

## Mitauro yeBantu

*Luwanga vanoti **obukhongo** (size, bigness). Mamwe mazwi: **okhukhongoya** (v.i. become bigger, larger; increase in size). **Eshikhongo** (adj. big; large; important). 
*VaMambwe vanoti **-kongomala** (to feel well, strong - of a person who has recovered). Mamwe mazwi: **-kongomalika** (to help a person to recover, to be strong again).
*VaBukusu vanoti **buukhoongo** (n. authority, size, bigness; being in a position of higher status). Mamwe mazwi: **omukhoongo** (n. boss (in job), big person, servant, minister).
*Lubukusu vanoti **síikhoongóchi** (n. main person, stem, mast, one who carries everything else). Lubwisi vanoti **kukongoma** (v. be strong, mighty).
Mbombo

*Mbombo kana chimbombo (Very Big).
*Mbombo kana hombiro (Large male baboon).
*Mbombo kana mupfumi (Very rich person, 2. Pretentious, ostentatious person - jita)
*Mbombodza, hupa kana mukwandari (Huge person).

## Mitauro yeBantu

*Barotse vanoti **mbombo** (n. a rich man) kureva munhu mupfumi.
Nhareyamado

**Nhareyamado** (ku Chingezi: cellphone; mobile phone) **nharembozha** uye **nharemado** aimhando yerunhare isina waya dzakabata kwairi inoshanda nemasaisai emhando rwe "rhedhiyo". Vamwe vanongoti **nhare** chete.

Shoko rokuti nharemado rinotoredzera kubva pachizinga chinogadzirirwa huchi nenyuchi chine mado ane kuumbwa kwakaita gonyanhanhatu. Kushanda kunoita nharemado ndekwekuti inotambira nokupa mashoko kushongwe iri pedyo. Shongwe dzinopana nokutapurirana mashoko, nharemado  dzotapurirana neShongwe iri pedyo. 

Shongwe dzeNhare (Base Station Towers) dzinowumba **dandira** reshongwe zhinji dzinopana mashoko. Shongwe imwe neimwe inenge iri munharaunda mayo; nharaunda idzi ndidzo dziri kudanwa kunzi **mado**. Kureva kuti dandira reshongwe (**network**) rakaumbwa nemado. Nharaunda dzeShongwe dzakarongeka nokubatana sokurongeka kungafananidzwa nemado ari pachizinga chehuchi hwenyuchi. Munzvimbo zhinji, nharaunda yakakomberedza shongwe ine chiumbiko chakaita gonyanhanhatu. 

## Mamwe mapeji ekutarisa

* Apple
* Samsung 
* Nokia
* Huawei
* Dandira re shongwe
Tsinhano yeHuremu

Muchidzidzo fundoyetsimba, tsinhano yehuremu kana rutsinho (density) mazwi Ari kushandiswa pane kududzira kupimwa kwehuremu pahumwe hwemumhu takatarisana nechiwumbwa chiri kutaurwa nezvacho. Zvinhu zvakasiyana zvine tsinhano yehuremu yakasiyana. Iko kusiyana kwetsinhano yehuremu kunoita kuti zvimwe zvinhu zviyangarare pamusoro pemvura zvimwe zvichinyura. Somuenzaniso, mvura nematombo zvine tsinhano yehuremu yakasiyana; mvura ine tsinhahuremu 1 gram/cubic metre, matombo ane tsinhahuremu 2.5-5.5 gram/cubic metre.

## Kurerutsa Mutauro

*Kutsinhana (place close together, pack closely, be near each other).
*Runye (grain or other vegetation coming up very closely together).

## Mitauro yeAfrika

*Baila vanoti **ku shinana** (to be crowded, to have no room) kureva kutsinhana. Lozi vanoti -sinana ( v.i. to be over-crowded; to be blocking up a narrow path, a doorway, a way, etc.).
*Mang'anja vanoti **tsitu** kana **nsitu** (many close together, thick; thick or close as a thicket - called nsitu).
*Mang'anja vanoti **kutona** kana **kutonana** (to be close together; to crowd together without spaces between). Baila vanoti **ku shindibala** (to sit close) kureva kugara pedyo nepedyo.
*VaMambwe vanoti **-sintanya** (to place very closely) kureva kutsinhana. MaZulu vanoti **thotha** (Place closely together, pack tightly; bind tightly together) kureva rutsinho.
Nhamo

Nhamo (being in need, lacking) zvinoreva kushayiwa chouviri kana chiraramiso. 

*Kutama (being in need, lacking). **Psalm 109:24** .....nyama yangu yaonda nokutama mafuta.  (Bhaibheri reChiNdau)
*Rukono, rumhambanda; rupfupfuneko (calamity) zvichireva rushambwa.

## Kurerutsa Mutauro

*Kutama (being in need, lacking) apa kureva kushayiwa kana kuva mushayi.  
* .....nyama yangu yaonda nokutama mafuta: and my flesh is feeble from lack of fat. (*Psalm 109:24*, Bhaibheri reChiNdau).
*Zvinoita sokuti zwi rokuti nhamo rine chiito chokuti kutama. 
*Pamweni vanozotamika vashanu kuita makumi mashanu evakarurama, unozoparadza dhorobha reshe here ngokutamika kwevashanu?  What if the number of the righteous is five less than fifty? Will you destroy the whole city for lack of five people?(Genesis 18:28 Bhaibheri reChiNdau).

## Tsumo

*Nhamo haizivi pakagara imwe. A misfortune does not avoid another one.
*Nhamo haityi imwe. A misfortune is not afraid of another one. 
*Nhamo urimbo inonamira. Misery is like bird-lime; it sticks (to men). 
*Nhamo ine dzimba dzayo. Misery haunts its (chosen) families. 
*Nhamo hadziiti mbiri. Misfortunes never come in twos.
*Njodzi hadziiti mbiri. Danger never comes in twos.

## Mitauro yeAfrika

*Nsenga inoti **ntamu** (n. hardship; misfortune; trouble, calamity) kureva nhamo. Mamwe mazwi: **chita ntamu** (v. persecute).
*Venda vanoti **-tama** (v. wish, crave, desire, eager, keen, envy, prefer). Bemba vanoti **bula** (lack) kureva kushaiwa.
*Digo inoti **mbulwa** kana **mbulisi** (a devoid of something; a person who lacks something) kureva munhu anoshayiwa chimwe chinhu. 
*Digo vanoti **mbula mano** kana **mbulwa mano** (death of a person lacking ideas or intelligence) kureva kushayiwa mano.
*Nyakyusa inoti taamigwa (v. be troubled) kureva kutama.
Katungu

Katungu kana chitsora zvinoreva musha uri kwawo wega kusina vamwe - *isolated dwelling place*.

## Mitauro yeBantu

*VaMambwe vanoti **citungu** (small part of an area, country) kureva chikamu chidiki chenyika kana dunhu.
*Mambwe vanoti **itungu** (n. 1. recluse, solitary, hermit; 2. a lone person, without relatives to help him) munhu anogara ega - asina hama.
Chikwauro

Chikwauro kana chidza (a small piece of wood with flat side for beating floors).

*chidza (a beetle for beating floor or earth around a post).
*Dika kana chirovo (wooden beetle for floor beating). Pakuwanda toti matika. Uyu uri mutauro weChiKaranga.
*Muhori, mududu kana rondo (Hole from which soil for smearing floors is excavated, and in which it is prepared) kureva gomba rinocherwa dhaga rekudzurura imba.
Utao

**Utao** kana **Udhao** (zvichireva chikoro chenhondero yeugondamano  (道家; *daojia*) kana kureva chinamato (道教; *daojiao*), zvose zviri zviiri zvinopanana mazano uye mazanodzamu akavamba kuChayina uye anosimudza kugarisana nerugare ne *Tao* (Chinese: 道; *Dào*; kureva. 'Nzira', 'Thoroughfare'); *Tao* paunjee zvinoreva mabviro ezvose uye chitange zve uzima uripo.

## Ringai zve:

* Zvinamato zvekuEzhiya
* Zvinamato zvekuChayina
Gowodzanwa

Mashoko okuti gowodzanwa kana mukowodzanwa ari kushandiswa pano kuturikira chinonzi **synergy** kuEnglish kunova kubatirana nokushandidzana kwezvinhu zviri kucherechedzwa. Gowodzanwa rinoonekwa pakuti boka rinobatirana pamabasa rine mubishingo wakakura kudarika zvingadai zvakagonekwa nezvikamu zvisina kubatirana. Mukowa izwi rinoreva kushanda basa zvikurusei basa rinorema. Izwi rokuti **synergy** rakaumbwa nezvikamu zviviri zvinoti: **syn-** uye **ergon** zvichireva **working together in a harmonious relationship**.  

## Muenzaniso weGowodzanwa

*Kubatirana kwemuchenje muchitsuwa chawo chaunogara; kunonzi majuru ndiwo vashandi, muchenje ndiwo masoja, ishwa ndidzo nzvari.

*Nyuchi mumhango madzo dzine mapoka anobatawo mishumo yakatsukana.

*Mitezo yemuviri inoshanda basa gurusa mukubatirana kwainoita kudarika zvinogonekwa kana mime mitezo isipo.

*Miti yemichero nemaruva zvinobatsirikana nekuti nyuchi padzinomhara dzichitsvaga kudya dzinotakura mukume kubva padzinde kuenda pane rimwe, izvi zvinova zvinogonesa kuberekwa kwemichero.    

Shoko rokuti **gowodzanwa** hariko kumutauro weChiShona chamazuvaose, asi kuedza kuwumba mashoko anoturikira zviri ku**English**.
Ndarira

**Ndarira** (Nge. *bronze; alloy of copper*) ndarira ialoi inonyanyo umbwa kubva pamhangura, ndosaka dzisiwanzo sanganisirwa uye kupesaniswa mazita futi. Kazhinji ndarira inenge 12-12.5% gaba (kana stani; tini) uye kazhinji pamwe nekuwedzera kweimwe simbi (senge arumininai, manganisi, nikeru kana zeng'e) uye dzimwe nguva isiri-simbi kana Machisimbi (metalloids) se Zaruni (kana aruseni; aseniki), Chifosiforo kana Sirikoni. Izvi zvinowedzera zvinogadzira huwandu hwema maaloyi angave akaoma kupfuura mhangura basi, kana ane zvimwe zvinobatsira zvinhu, sesimba, *ductility*, kana humuchina (*machinability)*.

## Unenaruvambo
*<small>[[Unenaruvambo]] kureva etymology</small>*

Izwi rekuti ndarira (1730-40) rakakweretwa kubva kuNdarira ye Middle French (1511), iro pacharo rakakweretwa kubva kuItalian bronzo 'bell metal, brass' (13th century, yakanyorwa muMedieval Latin sebronzium) kubva kune chero: 

* brontion, kumashure-kuumbwa kubva kuByzantine Giriki brontēsíon (βροντησίον, 11th century), pamwe kubva kuBrentḗsion (Βρεντήσιον, 'Brindisi', inozivikanwa nendarira yayo; kana pakutanga:

* muchimiro chayo chekutanga kubva kuChiperusiya cheKare birinj, biranj (برنج, 'musafuri', modern berenj) uye piring (پرنگ) 'mhangura', kwakabvawo kuGeorgian brinǯi (ბრინჯი), Chituruki pirinç, uye Chiameniya brinj ( ), zvakare zvichireva 'ndarira'.

## Zvimwe zvinyorwa

### Mazwi ashandiswa

* aloyi - kureva alloy
* gaba - kureva stani (kubva pazita rayo reChiratini stanium kana tini kubva paChingezi)
* Zaruni - kureva *arsenic* kubva pazita rayo reChiirani chekare.

### Mienzaniso eizwi
*Chiripo-chiripo ndarira imwe hairiri. There must be a cause, one brass wire does not tinkle.
*Chiripo-chirpo nyamugwe imwe hairiri. There must be a cause, one brass wire does not tinkle.

### Mumitauro ye Chibhantu
*VaGiryama vanoti **ng'andu** (copper). VaVenda vanoti **musina** (copper).
*VaMambwe vanoti **mukuwa** (copper) kureva mhangura.
*VaDigo vanoti **shaba** (brass) kureva musafuri.

## Mabviro eruzivo
Husiku Hwakaenzana

Muchidzidzo cheTaranyika (Geography), mazuva eHusiku Hwakaenzana (**Equinox**) anoitika March 20-21 neSeptember 20-21. Pamazuva aya *Denderedzwa reChiedza* rinocheka North pole neSouth pole - mativi ose eAkiso anenge ari hhambwe dzakafanana kubva kuzuva - hapana divi rinenge riri *pedyo* nezuva kudarika rimwe. Zvakare hapana divi reAkiso rinenge rakanongedza kune zuva. Pamazuva aya nzvimbo dzose dziri Pasirose dzinowana husiku hwakaenzana, hwakareba 12 maawa - saka mazuva aya achinzi husiku hwakaenzana- *equinox*. Nokumwe kutaura tinokwanisa kuti masikujechetere kana masikumaenzane.

Kubva pana March 20-21, nguva yechiedza inoenda ichireba kuhafu yekuMaodzanyemba - kutanga kwenguva yeChirimo (spring) kunzvimbo dziri kuMaodzanyemba kweMutsazanisi. Kunzvimbo dziri kuChamhembe, nguva yechiedza inenge ichiderera, kutanga kwenguva yeMatsutso (autumn) kunzvimbo idzi. 

Kubva pana Sep 20-21, nguva yechiedza inoenda ichiderera kuhafu yekuMaodzanyemba - iyi inguva yemwaka we[Matsutso] (autumn) kunzvimbo dziri ku[Maodzanyemba kweMuenzanisi. Kunzvimbo dziri kuChamhembe, nguva yechiedza inenge ichireba, nguva yemwaka weChirimo kunzvimbo idzi.
Zenze

Zenze, hwenze kana chenze (mane) kureva mvere dzinokura muhuro negotsi rebhiza kana shumba.

## Chirevo

*Kumera zenze zvinoreva kuita manyawi kana shungu nechinhu chiripo.
*Murwiyo Dai Ndakaziva, muimbi Oliver Mtukudzi akaimba - Zenze tuku, zenze tuku ndayaruka.

## Mitauro yeBantu

*Nyanja vanoti **dzenze, madzenze** (n. mane of a horse, zebra, goat; the mane running along the neck of an animal) kureva zenze.
*VaLozi vanoti **mutata** (n. hair-ridge on the back of animals) kureva mvere dziri pamusana wedzimwe mhuka.
Mwenje

*Mwenje weKuvheneka (a lamp).
*Mwenje (grass) apa kureva huswa kuChiNdau.

## Kurerutsa Mutauro

*... Unozoitwa kuti udye mwenje kudai ngen'ombe: you will eat **grass** like the ox. (Daniel 4:32, Bhaibheri reChiNdau).
*....dzinza rako rinozodai ngomwenje womunyika: And your offspring like the **grass** of the earth. (Job 5:25 Bhaibheri reChiNdau).
Dongo

*Dongo (abandoned house or homestead) kutaura musha usisina anogarapo, vanhu vakatama kana vakapera kufa. 
*Dongo (Clay pit for pottery) kutaura gomba rinocherwa dhaga rokuumba hari.
*Dongo (Clay soil) apa kureva dhaga remunyakwe.
*Dongo, sezita remunhu
*Rooranai vematongo 

## Mitauro yeAfrika

*Swahili inoti udongo (earth) kureva ivhu.
*VaVenda vanoti dongo (n. soil) kureva ivhu. VaNande vanoti obudongo (n. mud) kureva matope.
*Zigula vanoti dongo (n. assembly, crowd, company; host; mass).
*Sangho inoti sedongo (n. classification) - zvichida kureva matongo. Fananidzai nechirevo - rooranai vematongo?
Dondo

*Dondo (bush country, forest, uninhabited land, bush of large trees) kureva sango kana nzvimbo iri kunze kwemusha kusina anogarako.
*Dondo (Nature as in the natural environment).

## Mitauro yeAfrika

*Lozi inoti sitondo (a tree - any kind of tree) kureva muti.
Chani

Chani (1. A mark left to indicate the right road; 2. Generally grass or leaves left to block the wrong way). 

## Tsika

Machani naMutemachani mazita remhuri.

## Mitauro yeBantu

*VaYao vanoti **chikosi** (the bunch of grass tied to mark the limit of a garden) vachireva chitsumbu cheuswa chinosungwa chichitara muganhu webindu.
Munyasi

Shoko rokuti munyasi (close to, below) rinoreva pedyo nechimwe chinhu chiri kurehwa kazhinji pari nechepasi pechinhu ichocho chiri kucherechedzwa. 

## Kurerutsa Mutauro

*Tsveta mbiya chena iyo munyasi meguyo.

*Bindu raSekuru Sachikonye riri muny'asi merwizi.
Kutara

*Kutara (draw a line) mutaro kana rutsara.
*Kutara Murwere (inspect; survey; review) kufambira murwere kuti uone kuti hutano huri sei.
*Kutara (to look; to view; to observe) zvichireva kutarisa. 

## Mitauro yeBantu

*Herero inoti **tara** (v.t. behold) kureva **tarisa**. Kimbundu vanoti **-tala** (v. look) kureva kutara.
*VaKongo naBobangi vanoti **tala** (look, behold, view, attend) kureva **tarisa**. Sokuti **kutala mwana** (to look after the child).
*Lingala inoti **kotala** (to look). Herero inoti **tara** (behold, observe, look at, see) kureva kutarira. 
*Kikongo inoti **kutala** (to look after, look at, for; inspect, view, review, observe, watch, gaze at, notice). Mamwe mazwi: **ntala** (n. a look, glance).
*Kimbundu inoti kutala (v. to look, to observe). Mamwe mazwi: utala (n. look)
Kunemba

*Tarisai peji rinonzi [[Kunyora]]*

**Kunemba** (Chingezi: note-taking; taking notes; writing) zvinoreva kunyora zvinembo uchienda kana mushure mekutora kirasi mumanwadhi ekunyorera kana zvinyorwa zvemakombiyuta. Izvo zvakakosha kuronga zvakakosha zvemukati mune chero mhando yekudzidza, uye zvinobatsira kwazvo pakudzidza zvinobudirira. Nwadhi rekunyora rakatsetseka rinobatsira bvunzo dzechikoro kana bvunzo dzechitupa munguva pfupi, asi rinogona kushandiswa mukufamba kwenguva kana chidzidzo chauri kudzidza chichienderera mberi kuchikoro chepamusoro.

## Mabviro eruzivo
Nhandare

Nhandare (stadium, court yard, field) zvinoreva nzvimbo yakakura yakakombwa nechidziro kana fenzi yakadai senhandare yenhabvu kana nhandare yendege.

Dandare, nharawanzi kana nharawazhi (1. Playground, 2. Extensive open space in homestead, 3. Small enclosed field, 4. Courtyard) kureva nzvimbo yakakomberedza musha iri pachivanze panotambirwa nevana.

*Dandaure, madandaure kana dambarare  (Open space). 

## Mazwitauro yeBantu

*Swahili vanoti **tambarare** (plain). Swahili vanoti **nchi yatambarare** (level land).
*Lingala inoti libanda (n. playground, exterior). Lingala inoti **libanda ya pepo** (n. airport).
Nhukira (hombesa)

Muchidzidzo chemasvomhu, nhukira imhando yezvinyanye inoreva mwero wekukurisa kwehuwandu hwechinhu chiri kutaurwa nezvacho.

Zvinyanye (Extrema) - iri shoko rinodudzira panogumira hukuru uye huduku hwemupimo uri kutaurwa nezvawo. Sokuti mvura inowanikwa pakati pezvinyanye zve 0-100o Celsius. Zvinyanye izita rapiwa richitora pakutaura kwemazuva ose patinoti "zvanyanya, zvanyanyisa kana kuti zvakanyanya - kuChirungu vachiti extreme or extremely". Kana totarisa humwe hweZvinyanye tinoti chinyanye (extremum, singular)

Nhukira (Maximum) - iri izita rapiwa kududzira panogumira hukuru hwemupimo uri kutaurwa nezvawo. Sokuti muZimbabwe motokari dzinotenderwa Nhukira yemuchacha we 120 km/hr pamigwagwa mikuru. Mukutaura kwemazuva ose nhukira inzvimbo yakakwirira, pamusoro-soro pegomo.

Nhika (Minimum) - iri izita rapiwa kududzira panogumira huduku hwemupimo uri kutaurwa nezvawo. Sokuti hurumende inoronga kutara mari inotambiriswa vashandi ive panhika ye$150 pamwedzig. Pakutaura kwemazuva ose nhika inzvimbo iri pakadzika tichifananidza nenhraunda yenzvimbo iyoyo.

Mwanza (Average) - iri izita rapiwa kudzudzira nhamba inowanikwa kana nhamba dziripo dzahwerengedzwa, dzichizogovaniswa nehuwandu hwenhamba dziripo. Sokuti vana vanopedza Chikoro ChePrimary vari pamwanza wemakore 13 ekuberekwa.

Guwe (Mode) - iri zita rapiwa kududzira nhamba inoonekwa zvizhinji paboka renhamba dziri kutaurwa nezvadzo. Sokuti kana tiine boka (set) renhamba dzinotevera: 3,4,6,7,8,9,10,4,11,2,1,4; tinenge toti nhamba 4 ndiro guwe
Mutariro

Mutariro, mutambiko, mutariko kana mutambariko (line stretched between poles for hanging things e.g. clothes).

## Mitauro yeAfrika

*Kinande inoti eritalika (v. superimpose: place, or set over, above, or on something else; to put or join as an addition) kureva kutarika pamutariro. 
*Kinande inoti erítalikira (v. hang above) kureva kutarikira.
Chironda

Chironda kana ronda (wound, injury) zvinoreva panhu pakakuvara pamuviri wemunhu kana mhuka, zvikurusei pakavhurika ganda kana pakabuda ropa.

*Dunda, dundwirwa (bruise) zvichireva ronda rekukuzvuka ganda.
*Kudunduvira (to form blood blister) zvichireva kuungana kweropa panyama yakuvara zvekudzvanyidzirwa. Ropa rakadunduvira pamunwe wanga wadzvanyiwa nedanda. Mhando yechironda ichi inonzi nhuwira, mbundurira kana mbundishira kana mbundishire
*Kunyeka, kunyenga (of a sore - to spread or get worse) zvinoreva kuti chironda chinenge chawedzera kushata, kungava kukura, kuita hurwa kana kuwora.
*Muzvere achigere kuvhakacha nokuti ronda rake harisati rapora kubva zvaakasungunuka.
*Kutova (to poultice, to apply wet heat by a compress) zvinoreva kushandisa jira rakanyiwa mumvura inotonhora uchidzvanya naro pane ronda, zvikurusei pakazvimba.
*Kuteta (to be nervous, to shrink from) zvinoreva kuzeza chinhu chingava chinorwadza kuita kana chausinganzwe kwazvo pachinoitwa.

## Mitauro yeBantu

*VaNyungwe vanoti **cironda** kana **bzironda** (wound, injury) kureva chironda. VaBemba vanoti **cilonda** (sore, wound, injury) kureva chironda.
*VaGiryama vanoti **ranga** (wound). VaChewa vanoti **utete** (flinching, a shrinking from pain) kureva kuteta. VaVenda vanoti **ntho** kureva ronda.
*Maconde inoti **chilonda** kana **vilonda** (n. wound, sore) vachireva chironda. Mamwe mazwi: **kukuvala** (stub oneself especially toe) kureva kukuvara. 
*VaZigula vanoti **nkhwenje** kana **hwenje** (n. wound; sore) vachireva chironda. Mamwe mazwi: **Nkhwenje yangu yakhwina** (My wound is throbbing).
*Xitsonga inoti **mbanga** (n. wound) vachireva chironda.
Kupakura

Kupakura kana kupangura (to dish or serve out food; to take out) apa kureva kugova chikafu kubva mupoto uchiisa mundiro kuti vanhu vadye.

*Kupangurirana (to divide up among one another, to share).
*Kupangura (to divide, sort out, take or cut pieces).
*Kupakurira
*Kupakurirwa
*Mugwaku unopakuriswa sadza.

## Mitauro yeBantu

*MaZulu vanoti **ukuphakula** (Ladle out) vachireva kupakura. Mamwe Mazwi: **ukuphakula** (finish, complete). Sokuti: **ukuphakula umsebenzi** kureva kupedza basa.
*VaZigula vanoti **kupakula** (to scoop out; scooping out) kureva kupakura. VaGungu vanoti **kupaakuura** (v. unload; offload).
*VaZigula vanoti **kupagukana** (to part from one another; to separate) kureva kupakukana? Shilenge vanoti **kupakula** (to unload) kureva kupakura.
*VaChewa vanoti **kupakura** (serve up food). Mamwe Mazwi: **kupakura** (to take out). **Kupakura** (to separate from).
Maruwo

Maruwo kana makwato (Place other than one's home where one goes for free food) kureva imba isiyako yaunoenda kunodya chokudya pasina muripo. Munhu akadai anonzi ane rukwato kana kuti iye muruwi - ane musambo wekukwata kana kuruwa. Karuwo rikagova zita remunhu.

## Tsumo

*Mukwata-runa, rweshanu anobuda ave nezvomo. After sponging four times, the fifth time he goes away with something (from the house).
Kupingudza

Kupingudza (to break an ox) zvinoreva kurovedza mombe nzombe kuti ikwanise kushandiswa mumabasa ekurima.

*Nzombe, gwaimani kana kuti dhonza imombe hono yakapingudzwa kuti ikwanise kushanda basa rekurima. KuChiNdau vanoti kabi; kuKalanga voti ngabe.

*Chitsamatore izita remhuri rinopiwa uyo anopingudza mombe dzava matore dzachembera. Pano kutsa (breaking, taming, training an animal) zvinoreva kupingudza kuti mombe ikwanise kushandika nayo isinga pengereke.

## Mitauro yeBantu

*VaNyakyusa vanoti **swila** (feed, rear, tame) vachireva kupfuwa. VaNyakyusa vanoti **swilika** (be or become tame) vachireva kupfuwa?.
*Mang'anja vanoti **kusimbwa** (to be tame, familiar) vachireva kupfuwa.
*Nsenga vanoti **teka** (v. break in).
Kupenengura

Kupenengura (to look into something carefully, to part hair or grass, to open the pages of a book) apa kureva kuvhura chiro uchitarisa mukati macho sekuvhura mapeji ebhuku, kana kunatsa kutarisisa mukati mechiro. Uku kwonzi kuita mhenenguro.

## Mamwe Mazwi

*Kusiya pamhene zvichireva kusiya pachena panoonekwa nevanhu vose.

## Mitauro yeBantu

*Umbundu vanoti **pene** (in. nakedness). 
*MaZulu vanoti **phenu** (ideophone of sudden exposure) inyaudzosingwi yerekana zvave pamhene. Mamwe mazwi: **phenula** (Expose; bring to the surface; bring into view) zvichireva kuisa pamhene.
*MaZulu vanoti **phenuka** (Become suddenly exposed ; rise to the surface; come into view) kuisa pamhene. Mamwe mazwi: **phenula** (Become suddenly exposed to full view) kureva kupenenguka.
*Kinande vanoti **erihenengula** (to break in several small pieces, knock in flying). Mamwe mazwi: **erihenengula** (to be broken in several pieces, have the limbs broken of fatigue).
Kupepera

Kupepera (to flutter, to wave as a flag) apa kureva kupepereka sezvinoita mureza uchipeperetswa nemhepo. 

## Mamwe Mazwi

*Chipepera izita remhuri.
*Kupeperutsa kana kupeperutswa.
*Kupepereka.

## Mitauro yeBantu

*VaSwahili vanoti **peperuka** kana **pepeluka** (fly away; be carried away) vachireva kupeperuka.
*VaSwahili vanoti **pepeta** kana **pepetua** (sift, winnow, separate) vachireva kupepeta.
*VaSwahili vanoti **pepe** kana **mapepe** (empty/barren ear of grain) vachireva gufu retsanga yechibage.
Kurapa

Kurapa kana kuchidza (to administer medicine and so to heal, or to cure) zvinoreva mabasa anobatwa nechinangwa chokuporesa varwere anosanganisira kupa mushonga, kuwongorora muviri wemurwere, uye kukurudzira varwere kuzvipingura pane zvimwe zvinhu.

## Mitauro yeBantu

*VaLenje vanoti **shilika** (treat medically; attend as a doctor) vachireva kurapa. VaTonga vanoti **silika** (to cure) vachireva kuporesa. 
*Mururimi rweChewa vanoti **chiritsa** (to cure; cause to recover) vachireva kuporesa. Mang'anja vanoti **tsirika** (convalescent) kureva munhu ari kupora kubva mukurwara. 
*BaKalanga vanoti **chila** (live; survive) zvichireva kupona. VaBwisi vanoti **kukila** (1.be healed; recover from sickness; 2. to survive) kana **kukiliya** (v. healed).
*MaZulu vanoti **elapha** (Treat medicinally, cure; doctor; practise medicine; supply with charms) vachireva kurapa. Mamwe mazwi: **umelaphi** (one who treats medicinally or with charms) kureva murapi.
*MaZulu vanoti **amapholela** (n. Cool, healthy resort; sanatorium) inzvimbo yekuporera. Kinande vanoti **erílwalúka** (n. be in the recovery and healing period after a sickness), kurwaruka?
Mutambikwa

Mutambikwa izita remhuri rinowanikwa muZimbabwe. 

*Kutambika ishoko reChiNdau rinoreva zvimwe nokuchinjika - to lay one thing across another or others; to cross things.

## Mitauro yeBantu

Pano panyorwa mazwi ari pedyo nezita iri kune mimwe mitauro yeChiBantu, asi zvinoreva zita zvigona kusiyana zvachose nemazwi ari pasi aya. Chinangwa ndechekutsvaga zvinoreva mazita, zvikurusei kana mazita aya asisiri kutaurwa mumutauro wemazuva ano.

*Vanotaura Kikongo vanoti **tamba** (extend the hand or arm, to hold out in the hand, offer, reach out, show, hold out to, extend).
*Vanotaura Kikongo vanoti **tambika** (v. to offer, to hand to, give, grant, present, render, commit to, deliver, grant).
Kusakamara

Muchidzidzo Pimanyika shoko rokuti ruchanja kana kuti kusakamara (*Perpendicular, vertical*) rinotsangudza uso kana mutsetse wakamira kuti tasa kubva panzvimbo kuenda mudenga kana pasi. 

Muenzaniso ungapiwa itambo yakasungirwa padavi remuti yakaremedzwa nedombo kuzasi kwainoperera. Tambo iyi inenge yakaita janja kudzika kubva padavi. 

Kusakamara (to be erect, stand upright, stand firm) zvinoreva kumira zvakadzikama, wakadendemara.

Sakama, musakama (upright, vertical) zvichireva chinhu chakasakamara pakumira kwacho. Iri izwi raumbwa pano.

## Kurerutsa Mutauro

*Ndiani akajanjaridza badza pachivanze panotamba vana?  Apa kureva - Who left a hoe standing upright in the yard where the children play?
*Nhutsa zvinoreva kukanda dombo richienda rakarurama mudenga - *straight up*, shoko iri rinokwanisa kuzoshanda kutsannangura *vertical*.

## Mitauro yeBantu

*VaMambwe vanoti **mulungamila** (N. the state of being perpendicular) vachireva chinhu chakamira zvakarungama.
Kuveza

Mashoko ari pachinyorwa chino ane chekuita nekuveza, zvinoreva kushanda nemapuranga kana miti uchigadzira zviro zvine chiumbiko chaunoda.

*Kuveza, kusenda (to plane, to make smooth, to peel as of potatoes).
*Kusesa (to adze, to carve out, to cut peel off, to work in wood).
*Tsendo (plane, carpentry equipment).
*Kutsepeteka (fit flushly). Akabatanidza mapuranga akasara anatsoti tsepete.
*Mukoweri (skillful person; one who repairs wooden articles).
*Mujokoro (Large auger for burning holes in wood).

## Mitauro yeBantu

*VaFwe vanoti **mubezyi** (carver) kureva muvezi.
*VaLenje vanoti **wesa** (cut or carve with adze) kureva kuveza nembezo.
*Barotse vanoti **muezi** kana **baezi** (n. maker, doer (from -eza).
*Kimbundu vanoti **musese** (n. sculptor) kureva muvezi.
Kusodza

*Kusodza (despise).
*Kusodza (hunt).

## Mitauro yeBantu

*VaFipa vanoti **ukusola** (hunt) kureva kuvhima.
*VaFipa vanoti **alu'kusola** kana **aku'sola** (hunt) kureva kuvhima.
*Barotse vanoti **munenauni** (n. someone in-clined to despise everybody on all occasions. (from -nenauna).
Kukumbanidza (Masvomhu)

Shoko rokuti **kukumbanidza** riri kishandiswa pano kuturikira chinonzi **addition** kuEnglish zvinoreva kuwedzera nhamba kune imwe nhamba, huwandu huchibva hwaabatanidzwa.

## Mamwe Mazwi

*Kuwedzera
*Kupamhidzira
*Kututsira
*Kudurika (add). Nyama iyi ishoma durika imwe. This meat is not enough, add some more.

## Mamwe Mazwi

*Kikamba vanoti **kwongela** (v. to add). VaFwe vanoti **ku-weza** (v. to add) kureva kuwedzera.
*VaKongo vanoti **tota** (Add up, put together). VaKongo vanoti **totama** (v.i. to accord; harmonise; be alike).
*VaZigula vanoti **ongeza** (plus). Sokuti: **Shano ongeza shano ni kumi** (Five plus five is ten).
*VaBukusu vanoti **khuteesa** (v. add). Mamwe mazwi: **khuuteesebwa** (vpass. be added up). **Khuuteesya** (v. cause to add).
Rumano

Rumano (strictness, discipline, pester, oppress) kureva munhu asingatendere musakanzwa. 

## Kurerutsa Mutauro

*Chiketa ane rumano: Chiketa is very strict.
*Vanogara vachindimana: they pester me with their continual orders, prohibitions and directions.

## Mamwe Mazwi

*Mana (homestead, village).
*Kumana (to pester, oppress, be strict, discipline).
*Kumanika (Confine. Constrain. Govern harshly. Trouble).
*Mano (1. Advice - zano 2. Discretion. Artfulness. 3. Deceit - runyengedzo, 4. Deceitful utterance - manyepo.
*Manomano (1. Calculated deception - unyengedzi, 2. Deceit. Lies. Crafty speech - runyengedzo.
*Urimbwi (craftiness; deceitfulness) izwi iri rinotaurwa kuChiNdau.
*Kumbindidza (to oppress)

Zvichida mazwi ekuti, rumano kana kumana anokwanisa kuturikira chinonzi **policy** kana **policing** kuEnglish?

## Kurerutsa Mutauro

*Zvino nyoka yaiya nourimbwi kupinda zvikara zvimweni zvomushango zvaakaita Mambo Mwari: Now the serpent was more **crafty** than any wild animal which Adonai, God, had made. . (*Genesis 3:1* kubva muBhaibheri reChiNdau).

## Mitauro yeBantu

*VaChewa vanoti **kumana** (to grudge, withhold, be inhospitable, be unwilling to share).
Kusima

Kusima kana kusimika (to plant firmly) zvinoreva kudzimika.

## Mitauro iri muAfrika

Pano panyorwa mazwi ari pedyo nezita iri kune mimwe mitauro yeAfrica, asi zvinoreva zita zvigona kusiyana **zvachose** nemazwi ari pasi aya. Pane tarisiro yekuti mitauro yeAfrika inotodzana mazwi.

*Shimakonde vanoti **semear** (v. plant; set in) kureva kusima. 
*VaTiriki vanoti **khusimikha** (to put something in firm position e.g. to drive a stake) vachireva kusimika.
Muganyi

Muganyi izita remhuri muZimbabwe. 

*Kuganya (become rich) zvinoreva kupfuma kuChiNdau.

## Mitauro yeBantu

*Izwi rokuti **inganyi** (power, authority) rinotaurwa mururimi rweKirundu.
Hufanzu

*Hufanzu (Width, breadth)
*Hufanzu (Scope of Work).

## Mitauro yeBantu

*Vanotaura Kikongo vanoti **ntala** (n. A look, glance).
*Hadiyya inoti yafalaala (adj. very wide) kureva yakafaranuka.
*Hadiyya inoti yafalaalukko (vi. to be (very) wide.). 
.
Hufanzu hweMubato

Mashoko ekuti hufanzu hwemubato ari kushandiswa pano kuturikira chinonzi **Scope of Work** kuEnglish, rinova gwaro rinodudzira zvakatenderanwa kuti ndiro basa rakafanirwa kuitwa zvikurusei pakati peuwo achabata basa racho neuwo ari kushandirwa basa iri. 

Gwaro rehufanzu hwebasa rinodudza zvinotevera: zita remwene wemubisho uri kubatwa; nzvimbo iri kubatirwa basa iri; kutara miganhu yepanovambira basa neparinogumira; kutara nguva inotarisirwa kuti basa ringe rapera mkushandwa; kutara zvipimwa zvichange zvichipimwa zvinotaridza pasvika basa kana kutaridza kupera kwaro; kutara mutowo nemitemo inotevedzwa mubasa irori.

## Chibantu

*Vanotaura Kikongo vanoti **ntala** (n. A look, glance).
Kudzika (kuvamba)

Mazwi anoti kudzika, kunara kana kupara (1. Set up, 2. Establish, 3. Found) zvinoreva kuvamba **nzanga** kana **Sangano** rakambenge risipo. Sangano iri rinogona kuva Kereke, bato rezvenyika, chita zvichingodaro.

*Shoko rokuti sakuwana, nyakuvamba (*founder* in English) rinoreva mumhu akavamba: chirongwa; sangano; bandiko; boka revanhu; kambani; Kereke nemamwewo mapoka anounganidza vanhu.

## Kurerutsa Mutauro

*Ndiani akadzika Chipositori: who was the founder of the **Apostles**?.
*Vanhu vakadzika bato reZanu-PF vanosanganisira: Robert Mugabe, Enos Nkala, Ndabaningi Sithole, Edison Zvobgo, Joshua Nkomo nevamwewo.

### Mazita eMhuri

Mazita anotodzana nezwi rokuti **kupara**: Mhariwa, Mupariwa; Chapara; Chipara; Chaparira uye Kupara mazita emhuri. 

## Mitauro yeBantu

*VaHerero vanoti **zika** kana **tyita** (establish) kureva **kudzika**. 
*VaChewa vanoti **kuzika** kana **maziko** (foundation) kureva **chidzikwe**. 
*VaGwere vanoti **kuteeka** kana **kutereka** (v. put, place, install, institute, set in place) vachireva kugadza.
*VaTonga vanoti **anza** (v. compose, found) vachireva **kudzika**.
Kutekeshera

Kutekeshera kana kupatarika (Go in all directions).

*Kutekeshedza (cause to be in all directions or places).

## Mitauro yeAfrika

*Dinka inoti tek (v. to divide; distribute) kureva kugova. Nyanja vanoti **kuteka** (to divide, shake apart, assort). 
*Ambaleeŋge  inoti sele (all) kureva zvose. Hanga Ghana inoti seela kana saani (n. Place) kureva nzvimbo.
*Herero inoti **teka** (v. to break; go asunder; to plunder; destroy; despoil; ruin; demolition). 
*Herero inoti **teka pamue** kana **ta pamue** (the same, of like sort; conform).
*Lugwere inoti kitekere (n. clan) kureva dzinza.
Kurava Nyika

Chinyorwa chinounganidza mazwi anotsanangura nyika yakasikwa nezviumbiko zvenyika zvakatsaukana.

*Nyika (country, land, the people of the land) zvinoreva ivhu nezvisikwa zvinogarapo kusanganisira vanhu vanogara munyika iyoyo. Sokuti nyika yaShe Chiduku.
*Bani, bomho kana gan'a (open plain).
*Gura kana makura.
*Sango kana bundo (uncultivated land).
*Ruwa 
*Dunhu
*Guvi 
*Gomo
Ebrahim Hemmatnia

Ebrahim Hemmatnia, akazvarwa 25 Chukumi 1976. Murume wePersian-Dutch anofarira chose kukunda muhupenyu, ndiye munhu wekutangisa pasi rose kutyaira mukati menyanza. Murume akakwanisa kutyaira munyanza reAtlantic mumazuva anosvika iwo makumi nhanhatu nesere. Aityaira muchina unokwanisa kufamba mumvura nepamusoro pevhu. Akakwanisa kupfuura maguta akawanda anosanganisira Dakar, Natal, Joo Pessoa, Recife, Aracaju, Salvador, Vitória, Rio de Janeiro and Sao Paulo.

## References
Mukaha

*Mukaha (Vertical cleft; gorge) zvichireva gaha. 
*Mukaha, nhafu kana madyo (Greediness of one who eats quickly). Ano mukaha. Anodyira mukaha: he eats very fast so as to get more than the others.
Kucheuka

Kucheuka, kuchewuka kana kuchevuka (look back; look over your shoulder; look behind).

## Chirevo

*Anocheuka munhu iyeyu? Apa kureva kuti anodada zvokuti haana hanya nekucheukira munhu, achinge afuratira zvatopera.

## Mitauro yeBantu

*VaYao vanoti kucheuka (to look over your shoulder) vachireva kucheuka.
*Baila vanoti ku chebauka (to keep looking about one, as when suspecting danger) vachireva kucheuka.
*Baila vanoti ku chebuka (to look around) vachireva kucheuka.
Kubvira

*Kubvira (burning) zvichireva kutsva nemoto.
*Kubvira (to be possible). Hazvibviri kuti munhukadzi azvare mwana pasina murume. 
*Kubvira (referring to).  
*Kubvira (since, from the time) zvichireva kuvambira nguva ichadomwa mushers mezwi rokuti kubvira. Kubvira pakazvarwa Zivai handisati ndagera musoro wangu.

## Mamwe Mazwi

*-bvira (to be or to do exceedingly). Ndabvira kuneta: I am extremely tired.
Nondo

*Nondo (seedling) kureva mbeu ikamera inoda kusimwa patsva.
*Nondo  (n. hartebeest; tsessebe) kureva chengu.

## Tsumo

*Nondo kugara mumombe hanzi ndava mombewo
Mhangwa

*Mhangwa (Claypot in a series of stacked pots - other than lowest and topmost) zvichireva hari dzakarongwa pachikuva dziri pakati peyezasi neyepamusoro.
*Mhangwa (advise, concerted plan) zvichireva zano rawapangwa nemukuru.
*Mhangwa sezita (a family name)

## Mitauro yeBantu

*VaLugwere neVaLugungu vanoti **kupanga** (v. arrange, organise, align, queue or line up; put such that in a certain order or arrangement).
*Mururimi rweKikongo vanoti **vanga** (to make, do, perform, execute, construct, prepare, cause, form, mend, repair).
*VaKongo vanoti **vangwa** (to compose, to make - used of the materials, to be made, be done, be complete).
*Kikongo vanoti **vangwa** (n. deed). Mamwe mazwi: **vangulula** (to do again, make over again, to remake). **Vangalala, vangilwa**.
Bangwa (nenzira)

Bangwa kana dendere (idea of following - especially a path). 

Iti nzira bangwa.

## Kuumba Mazwi

*Kubangwaira (to follow - especially a path). Zvichida izwi iri rinokwanisa kuturikira chinonzi **orbiting** kuEnglish?
*Mhangwaira (something that follows - especially a path). Zvichida izwi iri rinokwanisa kuturikira chinonzi **satelite** kuEnglish?
*Kubangwaidza (cause to follow - especially a path).
*Kubangwaika (to attempt following - especially a path).
*Mhangwairwa kana bangwairwa Zvichida mazwi aya anokwanisa kuturikira chinonzi **orbit** kuEnglish?
*Mhangwarirwa??
Masonga

*Masonga (road junction) kureva panosangana nzira.
*Masonga sezita (family name) izita remhuri rinowanikwa muZimbabwe,
Kubaya Nhomba

Mazwi okuti kubaya nhomba (Innoculate, vaccinate) anoreva kubaya munhu nemushonga unoshandisa hutachiwana hwakarukutiswa husisakwanise kukonzera chirwere nesimba racho rose.

*Nhomba (smallpox).

## Mamwe Mazwi

*Kunyorera nhomba kana kutemera nhomba. 
*Ndemeredzi (immunity).

## Mitauro yeBantu

*VaVenda vanoti **thomba** (n. small-pox) kureva chirwere che**nhomba**.
*VaChewa vanoti **nthomba** kana **ntomba** (small-pox) kureva chirwere che**nhomba**.
*MaZulu vanoti **jova** (1. Inoculate, vaccinate; inject; 2. Graft, bud a plant). 
*MaZulu vanoti **umjovo** (1.Inoculation, vaccination. 2. Virus for inoculation).
Mhandu

Mhandu kana bandu (hostile person, enemy, person of a disordered mind) zvichireva muvengi kana mudzivisi.

## Mitauro yeAfrika

*Yao vanoti **chipandu** (danger ; any fearful object). Yao vanoti **upandu** (a danger occurrence).
*Yao vanoti **panduka** (rebel). VaTaita vanoti **nyamandu** (brute).
*Kutuk vanoti **mandu** (v. to hate).