open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Enzane

Muchidzidzo cheMasvomhu, enzane *(Equation)* chinyorwa chinotaridza kuti mativi maviri ezvakanyorwa akaenzana kana kuti anotaura zvakaenzana. Pakati pemativi maviri panonyorwa vara rinoti (=) rinotiudza kuti mativi maviri akaenzana pane zvose. Shoko iri rinotodza kubva pashoko reChiManyika rinoti kutsazana rinoreva kuenzana. Nokuda kwekuti mamwe mashoko haasiri anoshandiswa mazuvaose chinyorwa chino chiri kukwereta mashoko iwayo chichiita kuti ashande muzvidzidzo zviriko mazuvano zvakaita semasvomhu nePimanyika.

## Mitauro yeBantu

*VaSwahili vanoti **mlinganyo** (math, equation). Kuda Shona ingati muringaniso.
*VaSwahili vanoti **mlingano** kana **milingano** (1, resemblance, similarity, 2. harmony, unison, 3, geom. symmetry, 4. math, equation).
Simba reNhekairo

Muchidzidzo fundoyetsimba, Simba reNhekairo (kinetic energy in English) zvinoreva simba rinokonzera mitumbi kufamba kana kuti simba riri kukonzera mutumbi kufamba.

Simba reNhekairo rinometsurwa neenzane inotevera:

**Simba reNhekairo  =   (m  x  v<sup>2</sup>)/2**

*Apa m anomirira huremu.
*V anomirira muchacha, kana spidhi.

## Kupiwa Kwezita
Shoko rokuti kutekaira rinoreva kufamba kumutauro wechiBudya chinotaurwa kwaMutoko. Saka shoko rokuti nhekairo ndiro riri kuturikirwa pano kureva **motion or movement** kuEnglish.

*Kana rhekeni yatakura dombo pachikumbha igochitatamurwa inenge yave nesimba rechakunga.  Paya pokuti dombo raradanurwa , simba rechakungariri parhekeni  rinoshanduka kuva simba renhekairo.
Kudzimurira

*Kudzimurira (Controlling a fire).
*Kudzimurira (Control; moderate) apa kureva kudzoredzera chinhu chiri kufamba kana zviri kuitika.

## Mitauro yeBantu

*Vatauri veLuganda vanoti **uzibila** (control) kureva kudzimurira.
Kuzvira

Shoko rokuti kuzvira (contraction in English)  rinoreva kudzoka kwechinhu kuita chidiki kubva pamumhu wachanga chiri pakutanga. Mumhu unozvira kana chinhu chatonhora kubva pahujoto hwepakutanga.

Kana chiro chichikura kubva pamumhu wachanga chiinacho pakutanga kuburikidza nokukwira kwehujoto chinonzi chiri kutandauka - *expansion kuEnglish*.

## Mamwe Mazwi

*Kudzoka, kuwunyana, kuputana, kana kuboyera (shrink). 
*Kuzvidza (to belittle, to despise).

## Mitauro yeBantu

*VaVenda vanoti **-hwetekana**, **-huma**, **-hwahwamala** (shrink).
*VaGwere vanoti **kubbiira** kana **kubbiirya** (v. amass, accumulate, stack, pile, crowd, heap, gather together) vachireva kukuva.
*VaGwere vanoti **kwebbiirya** (v. congregate, converge) vachireva kuungana.
*VaGwere vanoti **kubbimba** (swell, bulge, puff up especially due to injury) vachireva kuzvimba.
Kugovanisa

Muchidzidzo masvomhu, **kugovanisa** (division in English) chiitiko chinoshandiswa kutsvaga kuti nhamba inokwana kangani (kana kupinda kangani) mune imwe nhamba. Somuenzaniso kana kuchitsvakwa kuti 3 anopinda kangani muna 6, kunonyorwa sezvizvi:
 
:6 ÷ 3 = 2

Kuunga kune hukama nekugovanisa; zviitiko izvi zvine simba rinoita zvakapesana sezvizvi:

:6 = 3 * 2 

## Kujekesa

**Maonero maviri**

Ngatitarisei muenzaniso 

:a ÷ b = c

*Kugovanisa tinogona kuonesana sokutora boka rine nhengo *a*, noku**patsanura** nhengo idzi kuchigadzirwa mapoka *b* akaenzana pahuwandu hwenhengo dzawo. Huwandu hwenhengo *c* hunodanwa kunzi mungani - *quotient in English*

* Govaniso inokwanisa kutsanangurwa sokutora boka rine nhengo *a*, nokuwumba mapoka rimwe nerimwe rine nhengo *b*. Huwandu hwemapoka aya, *c*, ndiwo mungani cha *a* na *b*. 

## Kurerutsa Mutauro

Zvakakosha kuti pawanikwe kuturikira kwemashoko anozivikanwa kare kuEnglish, uye kujekesa kuti huwandu huri kugovewa ndeupi:

* *Dividing* inenge ichinzi **kugovanisa**.

* 10 divided by 2, :10 ÷ 2 = 5 inenge ichinzi **Gumi (10) kugovaniswa pambiri (2)**; kana kuti **govanisa gumi pane mbiri**. Apa tinoda kuti zvijeke kuti zvinhu 10 ndizvo viri kugovewa

*Mugove (dividend)

* *How many times does go 2 into 10* kunonzi 2 anopinda kangani muna 10.

## Mitauro yeBantu

*VaVenda vanoti **mukovho** (n. division).
Simba reChakunga

Simba reChakunga (potential energy) zvinoreva simba riri pamutumbi nokuda kwepanzvimbo pauri, kana simba riri pamutumbi nokuda kwekurongeka kwakaita panzvimbo pauri. 

## Kupiwa kwezita

*Somuenzaniso kana nemuseve wakungwa pauta, museve unenge wave nesimba rechakunga; ipapa pakukunga museve pauta ndipo pabva zita rokuti simba rechakunga. Paya panoti museve watepfenyurwa simba rechakunga rinoshanduka kuva simba renhekairo.

*Kana munhu akakwira mumuti anenge awana simba rechakunga rinoderera chete nekuburuka kana kudonha kubva mumuti iwoyo. Panguva yokunge munhu achiburuka kana kudonha simba rechakunga rinoshanduka kuva simba renhekairo.

*Kana rhekeni yatakura dombo pachikumbha igochitatamurwa, dombo rinenge rave nesimba rechakunga.  Paya pokuti dombo ratupfunurwa , simba rechakunga riri parhekeni  rinoshanduka kuva simba renhekairo.

## Mamwe Mazwi

Kukunya kana kukuka (Be full of determination).
Bonyongwe

Bonyongwe zvinoreva munhu anochaya bonyora zuva ne zuva, uye achisvira mahure kanopfuura katatu pavhiki. Zvinorevawo murume ane nharo sedze rufa ndichimuka. Imhata.
Kusamhura

Muchidzidzo masvomhu shoko rokuti kusamhura (calculating, doing the maths in English) rinoreva kushanda nenhamba kuti pawanikwe mhinduro inobva munhamba idzodzo. Vamwe vatauri  vanoti  kusvomhura kana kusamhura.

Mabasa anoitwa pakusamhura anosanganisira : kuwedzanisa, kubvisa, kuunga, kuradanura, kugovanisa zvichingodaro.

## Kurerutsa Mutauro

*Calculate the following inenge yonzi, samhura zvinotevera kana kuti svomhura zvinotevera.
*Calculator inenge yonzi chisamhuri.
*Calculation inenge yonzi samhuro.

## Nhoroondo

Zvakakosha kuti tionesane kwakabva shoko reEnglish rinoreva zvimwe nerekuti kusamhura. Shoko rekuti **calculate** rakabva kuna **calculus** shoko reLatin rinoreva, **pebble**. Aya aiva matombo aishandiswa pakuverenga. Saka vaiti kana vaita masvomhu avo nematombo vaitenge vaita **calculation**. Nhasiwo zvakanaka kuti isu vatauri veShona titi kusamhura tichireva iko kuita masvomhu acho nenhamba dzawo. 

## Mitauro yeBantu

*Vatauri veLuwanga, Lubukusu neTiriki vanoti **imbale** kana **tsimbale** pakuwanda (pebble).
*Vatauri veLuganda vanoti **bala** (count, calculate, reckon), kureva kurava. 
*Vatauri veKinyarwanda vanoti **umubare** (number).
*VaKikuyu vanoti **kotara** (to enumerate; to calculate; to compute; to deem; to number; to reckon). 
*VaGikuyu vanoti **otari** (enumeration; amount). 
*Vatauri veTaita neGiryama vanoti **kutala** (v. to number; to add up, to count).
*Vatauri veTaita vanoti **kutala** (v. to number).
*VaGiryama vanoti **mutalo** (n. a reckoning).
Rudzindi rwemweya

Rudzindi rwemweya ifosi pakati pemutumbi uri kutekaira nemhepo iri pedyo nemutumbi uyu. Sokuti rudzindi rwemweya rwunowakikwa pandege inenge ichi bhururuka kana muchovha uri kutekaira. Fosi iyi inozivikanwa nezita rekuti *drag or air resistance* kuEnglish uye inokwanisa kuzivikanwa nezita rekuti gwesho remweya (air resistance).
Svoti

Svoti inyoka ine mhumhu huri pakati nepakati iine musoro wakati farei nekamuswe kadiki. Ine ruvara rwakada kuita pfumbu yakasvibirira ichidziva kuita zerere. Inowanzo kandira mazi kutangira pamashanu kusvika kugumi pakutanga kwezhizha. Mazai aya anowanzokandirwa pasi pemashizha kana matombo. Nyoka iyi inowanza kufarira kudya matatya chete uye inowanza kuvhima husiku.

Huturu hwenyoka iyi hauna muchetura uye kunze kwekuti parumwa pacho panongorwadza kwenguva pfupi.

Pachirungu nyoka iyi inodaidzwa kuti herald snake.
Muny'atira

Muny'atira (Absorbent in English) zvinoreva icho chinokwanisa kusveta mvura kana umwe mutuvi, icho chichibva chatota mutuvi uchipinda machiri. Somuenzaniso tishu tinofanirwa kuny'atira kuti ribate apo munhu anofura dzihwa.
Kudzinda

Kudzinda (reluctance, unwillingness) - rinoreva kusada kuita chinhu chiri kutaurwa.

*Dzindi (Working against; or opposing) - Akamuti dzindi achimurevera nhema. Apa kureva He worked against him by telling lies about him.
*Dzinduka (Be resistant) - Injini yeBhazi yaidzinduka kumuka mangwanani nokuti kwakanga kuri kutonhora.

## Kurerutsa Mutauro

*Mwana kana achidzinda-dzinda ndiko kuzivisa vabereki kuti haasakabudirira muchikoro. Apa kureva When a child shows unwillingness to do anything at home that is a sign to his parents that he has failed at school.

## Mitauro yeBantu

*AmaZulu vanoti **zinda** (remain behind, hold back, be reluctant) vachireva kudzinda.
*MaZulu vanoti **zinda** (2. be firmly based; stand firm upon something) vachireva kudzika midzi panzvimbo.
*MaZulu vanoti **Lendlu izinde emadwaleni** (This house is built on rock) vachireva imba iyi yakadzikwa padombo.
Munyungu

Muzvidzidzo zveScience Munyungu (solution in English) zvinoreva musanganiswa weicho chinokonzrea kunyungudika neicho chacho changungudika. Chacho chiri kunyungudika chinonzi nyungurwa; icho chiri kunyunguditsa chonzi nyungurudzi.

Sokuti kana mvura ichi nyunguditsa shuga; iyo mvura ndiyo nyungurudzi, shuga ndiyo nyungurwa.
Kujingirisa

Shoko rokuti kujingirisa (making ends meet, joining things) together ishoko rechimanjemanje rinoreva kuita mabhindauko ekushava mari kuti vanhu vawane kurarama. Iri shoko rakapfumbira muZimbabwe panguva yakaoma kurarama mushure mokunge mari yemunyika yawa pahukoshi hwayo. Makore ekutambura aya anganzi akanyanya kunetsa zvchibva pagore 2000 kusvika pari zvino muna 2013. Mamwe mazwi anoda kureva zvimwe nerokuti kujingirisa ndiwo anoti: kukiyakiya kana kujoinhidza.

Hazvinatse kuzivikanwa kuti shoko iri rakauya sei. Rinokwanisa kunge richitodza pane rokuti jinga rinoreva panosangana muny'asi megomo panosangana dunhu negomo. Saka zvoreva kuti kujingirisa kuita kuti zvido zvomunhu zvibudirire zvichisanganawo nemari. 

Shoko rokuti kujingirisa rinodarowo richitodza pakuti kuchingidzira kana kuchingura. Kuchingura zvinoreva kubva panzvimbo pauri pangava pamusha  kuenda kunosangana nemweni ari kuuya. Saka apa zvakare kujingirisa kunenge kuchireva kuita bamba mumabasa anoita kuti zvido zvishuwo zvako munhu zvisvike pazvinogutswa kungava nokuwana mari, kana chimwe chinogutsa zvishuvo zvako munhu.
Kukiyakiya

Kukiyakiya zvinoreva kuita zvinhu zvekutamburira kana kumanikidza kuti zvaifambe.

Mune rimwe ramakore ekuoma kwezvehupfumi gurukota rezvemuduso Tendai Biti akaparura chinyorwa chebhajeti chinotaura zvokurongwa kwemashandisirwo emari yehurumende achiti vainge vakiyakiya pakubatanidza chinyorwa ichi. 

*Mugore ra2018 zvinhu zvanga zvakawoma muZimbabwe, kana zvakadzidza kuUniversity vanga vachikiyakiya vasina mabasa akati tsvikiti.

## Mitauro yeBantu

*MaZulu vanoti **khiyakhiya** (Struggle against odds, fight against difficulties). 
*MaZulu vanoti **khiyakhiya** (Be mentally confused, agitated, perturbed). 
*MaZulu vanoti **inkiyankiya** (Difficulty; something hard to tackle; odds). 
*MaZulu vanoti **inkiyankiya** (Mental confusion, agitation).
Kuchingidzira

Kuchingidzira (to place a container to be filled with liquid) zvinoreva kutsveta chirongo kana chimwe chibatiro pane mvura iri kuyerera uchichereredza mvura yacho. Munguva yekunaya kwemvura vanhu vanoisa madhiramu muberere vachichingidzira mvura inodonha padenga remba. Munhu anokwanisa kuchingidzira mvura nemawoko papombi.

## Mamwe Mazwi

*Kuchingiridza (to catch water in a container) zvinoreva kuteya mudziyo kuti ubate mvura panodonha mvura.
*Kuchinga
*Kuchingira
*Kuchingidzira

## Mitauro yeBantu

*VaDigo vanoti **kuchinga** (to place a container to be filled with liquid) vachireva kuchingidzira.
*VaZigula vanoti **chingirizo** kana **machingirizo** (n. cistern) kureva mudziyo wekuchingiridzira.
*VaZigula vanoti **kuchingiriziza** (catch dripping (liquid) in/with; use to catch dripping) vachireva kuchingidzirira.
*VaZigula vanoti **kuchinga** (hold out/up; to stick out; sticking out) kureva kuchinga. Sokuti: **Chinga mkono wako** (Hold out your hand).
*VaZigula vanoti **kuchingira** (hold out for/to; hold out with, use to hold out; to stick out for/to) kureva kuchingira.
Mushwaira nzira

Shoko rokuti mushwaira (Faint path) rinoreva kanzira kasina kunatsa kupfumbira kanoti pamwe kanooneka nyore pamwe kanodzima. Vamwe vatauri muswaira.

Iri shoko richange rakakosha kuturikira zvinhu kuchidzidzo cheScience.

## Mitauro yeBantu

*VaChewa vanoti **fumbi** (n. dust) kureva huruva.
Mushwaira (ropa)

Muchidzidzo chezvipenyu mushwaira (Capillary blood vessel) zvinoreva mhando yetsinga ndikisa dzinobatsira mukutsinhana kana kugachidzana kwezvinhu zvinowanikwa mumuviri zvinoti: oxygen, carbon dioxide, mvura, chikafu, nemishonga inoraswa pakati peropa nenhengo dzemuviri. Mishwaira inobatanidza tsinga hombe dzinotakura ropa kubva kumoyo kuenda kunhengo dzomuviri netsinga ndiki chinodzosera ropa kumoyo.

## Kupiwa kwezita

Shoko rokuti mushwaira rinoreva kanzira kadiki kasina kunatsa kupfumbira; aka kanenge kari kanzira kanonetsa kuona pakari chaipo. Apa ndipo pabva paturikirwa kuti shoko rinoti mushwaira rive ndiro rinoreva zvimwe nereEnglish rokuti **capillary**. Iri zita rinoduza zvakanakisa kuti **capillary** tutsinga tudokosa zvichifanidzwa nedzimwe tsinga dzinoonekwa pamuviri wemhuka kana munhu. Pakuwanda mushwaira inodanwa kunzi mishwaira.

## Mamwe Mazwi

*Kamunyonyororo (Very narrow strip). Kamunyonyororo kenzira: very narrow path.
*Mushwaira, mukwaira kana muhwayira (a narrow path, a track through grass).
Kukwezva

Shoko rokuti kukwezva (Entice, Attract) rinoreva kutungamira kunokonza kana kudhonza kuti vamwe vanhu vatevere mugwara iroro. 

*Kurunza apa kureva kutungamira kuenda nenzira kana maitiro asina kururama. Fananidzai nokuti kurunda ( to form a line) - mombe dzinotevera yacho inorunza dzakaita mudungwe.
*Kurunzira (to tempt, to seduce, to lead astray) zvichireva kukwezva.

## Kurerutsa Mutauro

*Pinda pamberi utikwezve: go in front and lead us.
*Mombe inokwezva ndiyo inosungirwa bhera.

## Mitauro yeBantu

*MaZulu vanoti **wonga** (Lure, entice, inveigle) zvichireva kukwezva.
*MaZulu vanoti **iliwonga** kana **amawonga** (Attraction, drawing, luring; magnetism) zvichireva kukwezva.
Chikutse

Shoko rokuti chikutse kana kukutsa (united effort for a common cause) rinoreva kubatirana pamwe kuita chinhu, asi rinonyanya kushandiswa zvakanyanya kutaura kukutsirana kurwisa munhu. Nokumwe kutaura tingati kukutsira nokuita chirwirangwe zvakafanana.

Shoko rokuti kukutsa kana gutse rinokwanisa kushandiswa kutsanangura mashandiro anoita zvinonzi **insurance** uye **medical aid** kuEnglish. Mashandiro anoita izvi zviviri ndeekuita gutse munguva yekunge paitika tsaona, kana kurwara.

## Mamwe Mazwi

*Gutse kana chibatanwa (Piece of work done by many people of one mind and purpose. Co-operative undertaking). Apa kureva mushandirapamwe.
*Gutsanira kana kukutsanira (Take concerted action). Vamwe vanoti chizingizira.
*Chikutsirano (contribution)

Ko mazwi aya anotodzana nezwi rokuti kukutsa here?

*Kukutwa kana kukuta.
*Guta (City, a very large village - collection of homesteads in ancient times).
*Gute (Act of surrounding, encircling).
*Chita (Association, society, congregation, confraternity).

## Kurerutsa mutauro

*Vana vakaita chirwirangwe chokukutsirana munhu ainge arwisa baba vavo. 
*Vakakutsirana kutenga gejo munguva yechirimo.
*Ndakutsirwa nevarume vaviri saka ndakurirwa.
*Chikoro chedu ndechegutse: our school was built by everyone contributing to its construction. 
*Kubudirira kwegutse: community development.

## Mitauro yeBantu

*VaKongo vanoti **kuta** (v.t. to collect, gather together) vachireva kuungana. VaKongo vanoti **kutama** (to assemble, collect, gather up together) kureva kuunganidza.
*VaKongo vanoti **kuta** (v.i. to assemble, gather together, collect together - of people only) vachireva kuungana.
*VaKongo vanoti **kutakana** (v.t. to assemble together, to cluster) vachireva kuunganidza. VaKongo vanoti **kutakana** (v.t. to assemble together, to cluster) vachireva kuunganidza.
*MaZulu vanoti **hlanganyela** (v. Unite against, combine against, make a combined attack) vachireva chikutse. Mamwe mazwi **hlanganyela** (v. Act in unison, participate) vachireva mubatapamwe.
Musenerera

Musenerera (Osmosis kuEnglish) chiitiko chinoonekwa chekuti nyungurudzi inowanikwa ichidarika nhengopfunha inosarura zvinobvinina, ichibva kudivi rine gupuko renyungurwa rakadzikira kuenda kune gupuko wenyungurwa rakakwirira. Mhedzisiro yemusenerera ndeyekuti mativi maviri erukanda anenge ava negupuko  rengunyudurwa rakaenzana.  

Musenerera wakakosha pakurarama kwemadzinde nokuti ndiyo nzira inoshandisa kusveta mvura kubva muvhu ichitevedza nhengo dzedzinde dzamara yasvika kumashizha. Fertilizer ikawanda muvhu zvinokonzera kuti dzinde *ritsve* nokuti apa musenerera unenge woitika mvura ichibuda mudzinde kupinda muvhu; saka kuchinzi fertilizer isawanzwa.

## Kupiwa kwezita

Shoko rokuti  musenerera rinotodza pane rekuti senerera rinoreva kumanikidzira kupinda kanzvimbo kadiki pakamanika. Kana kuri kuEnglish shoko rokuti **osmosis** rinotodza rechiGreek rekuti *osmos* rinoreva **to thrust or push in** – izvozvi zvokusundira kana kusenerera kupinda pakamanika ndizvo zvinoitika ne**osmosis**..

Shoko rokuti gupuko (concentration kuEnglish) rinoreva huwandu hwenyungurwa yakanyungudutswa mumunyungu huchipimwa pachiyero chimwechete chehuwandu hwemunyungu. Huwandu hwemunyungu huri kucherechedzwa hunokwanisa kunge huri huremu kana  mumhu. Shoko iri rinotodzana nerinoti kukupuka rinoreva kupfuma, kukuputsa roreva kupfumisa.

## Kurerutsa Mutauro

*Mvura inotorwa muvhu kupinda kumidzi yemuti kuburikidza nemusenerera.
***Osmotic pressure** inenge yonzi - puresha yemusenerera.
***Reverse osmosis** inenge yonzi - musenerera wenhendashure.

## Mamwe Mazwi

*Ruburi kana rusuruburi (pore as in tiny hole in a leaf).

## Mitauro yeBantu

*Mang'anja vanoti **kusereza** (to push through; make to pass through - as a needle in cloth or pushing something through a slightly open door; creep through).
*Mang'anja vanoti **kuserera** (to pass through, between or beneath; creep through - as a goat through a hole in the goat-house).
*Mang'anja vanoti **seru** (loose, as rings that do not fit). Mang'anja vanoti **serula** (pass through or up; separate from. derived from sera and serera).
*MaZulu vanoti **nseneneza** kana **seneneza** (Move along in a constant stream, flow along, pour out (as from a building).
Mheu

**Mheu** (kureva *small piece or particle* muChingezi) ishoko rinoreva kamedu kaduku-duku, katopoka kechipi zvacho chinhu. Shoko iri richange rakakosha kutaura pamusoro pemheu dzinowanikwa kusainzi dzinosanganisira atomu, mhodzigetsi*, purotoni* zvichingodaro.

## Tsika

Jesu vakataura vachiti, "Munyengedzi tanga wabvisa danda riri muziso mako, ugozoti wobvisa kabanzu kari muziso romumwe."

## Mamwe Mazwi

*Banzurwa kana mabanzurwa (splinter)
*Kubanzura (split into pieces - lengthwise)
*Kubanzudza (cause to split)

## Mitauro ye Chibanthu

*VaGiryama vanoti **kibanzu** (chip) kureva kabanzu.
*VaGiryama vanoti **kubandzula** (to chip) kureva kubanzura.
*VaGiryama vanoti **vibanzu-vibanzu** (fragments) kureva zvibanzu.
*VaLungu vanoti **ukupaandula** (to split) kureva kubanzura.
Kuputsa

Kuputsa ( to shatter) zvinoreva kupwanya chinhu chisina kusimba chinenge hari kana kapu yedhaga, chiri chinhu chinopwanyika nekudonhedzwa pasi kana kuroverwa zvine simba. Vamwe vatauri vanoti kupunza.

## Tsika

*Chokwadi hachiputse hukama.
Chubhu dzinotakura ropa

Chinyorwa chino chinotaura pamusoro pechubhu dzinotakura ropa (blood vessels in English) ichubhu dzinotakura ropa pakati penhengo dzose dzemuviri kudzosera kumoyo kana kubva kumoyo.

### Mhando dzechubhu dzinotakura ropa

Kune mhando dzakasiyana dzechubhu dzinotakura ropa dzinodanwa kunzi *veins, arteries, capillaries* kuEnglish. Pachinyorwa chino pachaedzwa kupatsanura mhando dzechubhu idzi kuti dzionekwe musiyano wadzo.

### Tsinga

**Artery** ichanzi tsinga nokuti idzi ihuru uye dzinonatsa kuonekwa nechekunze paganda. Tsinga dzinotakura ropa kubva kumoyo kuenda kune dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri.

### Mutsi

**Vein** ichanzi mutsi nokuti iyi idiki pane tsinga uye hainyanye kuonekwa nechekunze. Mitsi inotakura ropa kubva kunhengo dzemuviri kudzosera kumoyo. Shoko rokuti mutsi rinoda kutodzana nerokuti **umutsi** rinoreva **blood vessel** kumutauro wechiKirundu chinotaurwa kuBurundi. Pano shoko iri rashansiwa kuti pakwaniswe kupatsanura musiyano wechubhu dzinotakura ropa; kana kuchizenge kwawanikwa rimwe zita riri nani tichashandisa iroro.

### Mushwaira

Mushwaira (Capillary blood vessel) zvinoreva mhando yetsinga ndikisa dzinobatsira mukutsinhana kana kugachidzana kwezvinhu zvinowanikwa mumuviri zvinoti: oxygen, carbon dioxide, mvura, chikafu, nemishonga inoraswa pakati peropa nenhengo dzemuviri. Mishwaira inobatanidza tsinga hombe dzinotakura ropa kubva kumoyo kuenda kunhengo dzomuviri netsinga ndiki chinodzosera ropa kumoyo.

## Mitauro yeBantu

*Taabwa vanoti musipa (n. vein; muscle). Giryama vanoti **m'siha** (artery) kureva tsingahuru.
*Yao inoti **mtasi** (nerves, blood vessels, tendons). Nyungwe inoti **uzingo** (vein) kureva tsinga.
*Bushong inoti **nshinga** (n. Rope, string, twine, wick, cord). 
*VaBemba vanoti **umushipa wamulopa** (blood vessel) kureva tsinga. Nsenga vanoti **lusipa** (n. artery; blood vessel) kureva tsinga. 
*Luganda vanoti **msiwa** (blood vessel) kureva tsinga. VaGanda vanoti **msiwa** (a vein) kureva tsinga. Fananidza nokuti musiya?
*VaGanda vanoti **kinua** (n. artery, vein) kureva tsinga. Kinande inoti musisa (n. Vein) kureva tsinga.
Kugodza

Shoko rokuti kugodza (Become established, settled) rinotaura kunge munhu kana chinhu chasimba pachiri kana kudzika midzi.

### Kurerutsa Mutauro

*Vatenga dzimba dzavo dzokugara havatani kugodza: people who buy their own dwelling houses soon settle down. 
*Enda kuchipatara chirwere chisati chagodza: go to the hospital before the sickness has set in fully. 
*Ndamutuma kunotenga chingwa kuTuckshop akagodza ariko.

## Mitauro yeBantu

*VaDigo vanoti **godza** (to wait).
*VaDigo vanoti **godzera** (to wait, to wait for).
Chivhuni

Shoko rokuti chivhuni (Brittleness in English) rinoreva kusatana kutyoka kwechinhu. Sokuti chimuti chaoma chine chivhuni kudarika chimuti chinyoro. Vamwe vatauri vanoti chihatsu. Shoko iri richange rakakosha kutsanangura simbi. *Iron* payakaya haina chivhuni, kana kuti haivhunike nhando.

## Mamwe Mazwi

*Chimhapfu (Brittleness (of dry things) apa kureva chihatsu. 
*Imbwa kumedza bvupa ingodada nechivhuno. A dog swallowing a bone is confident of its power to break it.
Tapiwa Mupakati

Tapiwa Mupakati mukomana akaberekwa/akazvarwa mudunhu reMasvingo achigara munzvimbo yeZaka. Akadzidza rugwaro rwekutanga kusvika rwechinomwe paMusarava Primary. Akazodzidza zvidzidzo zveSecondary paSt Joseph Tongoona mugore ra2004 kusvika 2007. Akazopedzisa paHippo Valley High school achiita zvidzidzo zveScience mugore ra2008 kusvika 2009. Akazopfuurira mberi nezvidzidzo zvepamusoro paMidlands State University achiita Telecommunications...
John Nkomo

**John Nkomo** aiva mumwe wevatungamiri webato reZAPU munguva yehondo yerusununguko yeZimbabwe. Mushure mokuwana kuzvitonga, murume uyu akapinda muhurumende ari mumiriri webato reZAPU zvakare. 

John Nkomo akafa mugore 2013, panguva iyi anga ava Vice President weZimbabwe uye ari Vice President weZanu-PF zvakare.
Nyere

*Nyere. Kunyanya. SaMunashe Luke. Muchirungu swag. Kupisa. Kubvira. Mabviravira. Mapisarema. Mandem. Captain. chibabababa
*Nyere (sexual desire).
*Nyere (chikasha) (bullet cartridge) kureva chikasha chebara.
*Nyere (cell of a honeycomb) zvichireva doo rimwe pachizinga chehuchi..
*Nyere yegona.
Pfuti

Pfuti imhando yechombo insoshandiswa kukanda mabara akagadzirwa nesimbi. Mabara aya anopfurwa nepfuti achibuda aine spidhi yokuti akarova munhu anokwanisa kufa zvichienderana nokuti arohwa panhengo ipi yomuviri.

Shoko rokuti nyere (bullet cartridge in English) rinoreva chikasha chinodonha kubva pabara kana richinge rapfurwa kubva papfuti.

*Chikohono, rusembwe kana rukungiso (hammer of a gun) ndicho chinokava bara richibuda semuseve kubva papfuti.
*Mupembe (barrel of gun).
*Hunga (gun-powder).
*Kupakatidza (cause to carry with both arms). 
*Kupakatira (carry with both hands).
*Chigwagwagwa (machine gun).

## Kurerutsa Mutauro

*Pfuti iyi inodauka nyere - this rifle ejects cartridge cases. 

*Kutinhura, kana kudinhura pfuti - *discharge a gun*.
*Kuyereka, kutsitsika, kushumba (to aim) zvinoreva kunangidzira ingava pfuti, pfumo, museve kana rhekeni kuti urove chinhu chunoda kurova nayo.
*Bosho (bad marksmanship) zvichireva kupotsa.

## Mitauro yeAfrika

*Zigula inoti **futi** (n. gun) vachireva pfuti. Umbundu inoti **uta** (n. gun; shotgun) kureva pfuti. Taabwa vanoti mfuti (n. musket).
*MaZulu vanoti **imbumbulu** (Any hard thing, round, and smooth (e.g. billiard ball, knob of carved kerrie, cannon-ball).) kureva mbumburu.
*Lenje vanoti **eleka** (level a gun, aim) vachireva kuyereka. Luganda inoti **kuerekeza** (take aim, aim at) vachireva kuyereka.
*Nyanja inoti **kuomba mfuti** (to fire a gun) kuridza pfuti. Chuabo inoti **futti** (n. a gun) pfuti.
*VaLozi vanoti **sifefe** (a short gun) vachireva chifefe. VaLozi vanoti **sikwakwakwa** (machine gun) kureva chigwagwagwa.
*Tuwuli vanoti o-to-wa (n. gun. From: ta - shoot) kureva pfuti. Portuguese inoti bala (n. bullet; projectile; missile). 
*Teke-Kukuya vanoti bu-ta (n. gun) kureva pfuti.
Gejo

**Gejo** chombo chinoshandiswa kurima munda uchikweiwa nemombe kana mbongoro.

## Mamwe Mazwi

*Kurima (cultivate (general term). 
*Kuwunda kana kuvunda (begin a garden, clear land for crop fields). 
*Kusevura (clear grass). 
*Kuparura kana Kutsivira (make ridges). 
*Kukuta (break up clods). 
*Kutimba (dig fallow ground), 
*Kubvukuta (cultivate and sow at same time). 
*Kuchacha (clear old lands). 

## Mitauro yeBantu

*MaZulu vanoti **igeja lemikhono** (hand hoe) kureva badza.
*MaZulu vanoti **igeja lezinkabi** (ox plough) kureva gejo.
*Mbukushu vanoti thipururo (n. plough) kureva kurima munda. Mamwe mazwi: -purura (v. plough).
Godzi

Shoko rokuti godzi (veteran, experienced person) rinoreva munhu ane ruzivo kana hunyanzvi ari munhu akambobata muhushavi huri kutaurwa nezvawo. Murwi wehondo yerusununguko (war vetaran) anganzi igodzi rehondo yerusununguko.
Ruremekedzo

Shoko rokuti ruremekedzo (honor, respect, esteem) rinoreva kubata mumwe munhu nenzira yekumukudza, kumuitira zvinoita kuti ave anoyemurwa nevamwe aine chiremera pamberi pevamwe.

### Tsika

*Josiah Tongogara akapiwa ruremekedzo rwegamba rehondo yerusununguko.
*Mutemo wechishanu pamitemo gumi yaMwari unoti remekedza baba naAmai vako kuti mazuva ako awande munyika yamuri kupiwa naJehovah Mwari.
*Chikodze (respect shown)
*Matyira (Reverence. Reverence  for elders). Mukuwasha asina matyira haatunhi: a son-in-law  who has no reverence does not act respect fully.

## Mitauro yeBantu

*Baila vanoti **mulemu** (an hounored, dignified, respected person) vachireva vanoremekedzwa.
*Baila vanoti **ku lemeka** (to respect, to honour, to esteem) vachireva kuremekedza. Baila vanoti **chakulemeka** (respectly) vachireva neruremekedzo.
*Lenje vanoti **kulema** (1. Be heavy, be a burden, press upon, be difficult; 2. feel heavy, be tired (exhausted, worn out)) kureva neruremekedzo.
*Lenje vanoti **kulema** (Be weighty, influential, of high rank, honourable). Mamwe mazwi: **lemeshya** (pay honour to, treat civilly, respect, be polite).
Kupoya

Kupoya zvinoreva kubuda panzvimbo pakakomberedzwa panenge panzi munhu kana mhuka dzigarepo, apa kubuda uku kuri kusina mvumo uye kusiri pamutemo.

### Tsika

*Mombe dzapoya danga dzikanodya chibage kumunda kwaKajawu.

*Vakomana vakadzorerwa kumusha vawanikwa nemhosva yokupoya vachinonwa doro kundhari mumamisha.
Mirairo gumi yaMwari

Mitemo gumi yaMwari mitemo yakanyorwa muBhaibheri kutanga mubhuku reExodus iyo Mwari vakapa kuna Moses  kuti adzidzise vanhu verudzi rwaIsrael. Mitemo iyi inowanikwa pachitsauko 20 mubhuku raExodus ichizowanikwazve mubhuku raDeuteronomy pachitsauko 5. Mitemo iyi inorayira pamusoro pamanamatirwo akafanirwa kuitwa Mwari, kuchengeta Sabata, uye mirairo pamusoro pehupombwe, kuba, ruchiva, kunyepa, kupupurira nhema uye kunamata zvifananidzo.

**Mitemo**

Heino mitemo sokurongwa kwayakaitwa mubhaibheri:

*Usava nevamwe vaMwari kunze kwangu.

*Usazviitira mufananidzo wakavezwa kana kuti mufananidzo wechinhu chiri kudenga kumusoro, kana wechiri panyika. Usapfugamira izvozvo kana kuzvishumira; nokuti ini Jehova Mwari wako, ndiri Mwari une godo; ndinorova vana nokuda kwezvivi zvamadzibaba avo, kusvikira kurudzi rwechitatu nerwechina rwavanondivenga; ndichititira nyasha vane zviuru zvamazana vanondida vanochengeta mirairo yangu.

*Usareva zita raJehovha Mwari wako nhando, nokuti Jehovha haaregi kupa mhosva anoreva zita rake nhando.

*Rangarira zuva reSabata kuti uri chengete rive dzvene. Ubate mazuva matanhatu uite mabasa ako ose; asi zuva rechinomwe isabata raJehovha Mwari wako; usatongobata mabasa naro, iwe, kana mwanakomana wako, kana mwanasikana wako, kana zvipfuwo zvako, kana mweni wako uri mukati mamasuwo ako; nokuti namazuva matanhatu Jehovha wakasika denga napasi, negungwa, nezvose zviri mukati mazvo, akazorora nezuva rechinomwe; naizvozvo Jehovha wakaropafadza zuva reSabata akariita dzvene.

*Kudza baba namai vako kuti mazuva ako ave mazhinji panyika yaunopiwa naJehovha Mwari wako.

*Usauraya.

*Usaita hupombwe.

*Usaba.

*Usapupurira mumwe wako nhema.

*Usachiva imba yomumwe, usachiva mukadzi womumwe, kana muranda wake, kana murandakadzi wake, kana nzombe yake, kana mbongoro yake, kana chimwe chomumwe.
Kugura

*Kugura (break)
*Kugura Mhaka (decide a legal case)
*Kugura (pass through or by)

## Mamwe Mazwi

*Kugurura (to pull out tooth or hoe-head from handle) zvichireva kubvisa muromo webadza pamupinyi.
*Kuguruka (coming out of tooth or hoe-head from handle) zvichireva kubva kwemurombo webadza pamupinyi.

## Mitauro yeBantu

*VaTiriki vanoti **khukhula** (v. to pull out teeth) vachireva kugura zino.
Jenaguru

**Jenaguru** (Chirungu: Fullmoon) kana **mwedzi uzere** chikamu chemwedzi apo Mwedzi unowoneka wakazara kujekerwa kubva pakuona kweRinopasi. Izvi zvinoitika kana Rinopasi riripo pakati peZuva neMwedzi (zvakanyatsonaka, kana nguva yekuvhara kwezuva yeZuva neMwedzi zvichisiyana ne180 °). Izvi zvinoreva kuti mwedzi wemwedzi unotarisa Rinopasi - divi riripadhuze- wakanyatsopenya zuva uye unoita sedenderedzwa dhisiki. Mwedzi uzere unoitika kanenge kamwe chete pamwedzi.

Iyo nguva yenguva pakati pemwedzi uzere uye inotevera inodzokororwa yechikamu chimwe chete, mwedzi wesvodyo, mavhareji angangoita mazuva makumi mashanu ane makumi mashanu nemapfumbamwe (mazuva 29.53). Naizvozvo, mune makarenda iwayo emwedzi umo mwedzi wega wega unotanga pazuva remwedzi, mwedzi wakazara unowira pazuva regumi nemana kana regumi nemashanu remwedzi. Nekuti mwedzi wekarenda une huwandu hwakazara hwemazuva, mwedzi mukarenda yemwedzi unogona kunge wakareba mazuva makumi maviri nemakumi maviri kana makumi matatu (mazuva akareba kusvika 29 kana 30).

## Vambo rezita
Zita iri rakasarudzwa uye rakagadzirwa nekuti rinotsanangura kuoneka kwemwedzi uzere, unenge wakakura uye yamuchena.

* Shoko rekuti ***jena*** muchishona rinobatanidzwa nerekuti chena zvese zvichireva white muchirungu. Pamusoro pezvo.
* Shoko rekuti ***-guru*** rinoreva kuti 'chikuru' kana big uye great. Chinhu chihombe. 

## Chikonzero cheJenaguru
Jenaguru kana Mwedzi uzere unoitika kana mwedzi wafamba mukutenderera kwayo zvekuti nyika iri "pakati" pemwedzi nezuva.

Pakati pemwedzi uye uzere mwedzi, huwandu hwemwedzi hwatinoona hunokura - kana waxes kubva kurudyi kurudyi kuruboshwe. Sezvo ichipfuura izere mwedzi danho, huwandu hwekuvhenekera hunodzikira - kana kuderera - kubva kurudyi kuenda kuruboshwe. Pakupedzisira, mwedzi unodzokera panzvimbo yawo pakati perinopasi nezuva, uye parinopasi tinoona mwedzi mutsva zvakare.

## Mabviro eruzivo
Jeredzwa

Shoko rokuti jeredzwa (outstanding balance) rinoreva mari yasara kusvika pane inodiwa yanga yabvumiranwa. Nokumwe kutaura tingati jeredzwa ndiwo musaridzwa.

## Tsika

*Muimbi Oliver Mtukudzi akaimba jeredzwa rangu ndere mapondho - apa kureva mari yanga yasara paroora yaiva "pounds".

*Kucheredza zvinoreva kutora zviro zvakawanda kudarika izvo munhu anga atenderwa kutora. Ngatiti munhu anga atenga manwiwa onzi pinda mumunda utore mashanu awatenga, iye otora masere, anenge acheredza muridzi wemunda amutengesera.
Jinga reGomo

Jinga reGomo zvinoreva nzvimbo iri muzasi uye pedyo negomo (Foot of hill). Mbira nengururu dzinogara mujinga remakomo.

## Mazwi eBantu

*VaWanga vanoti **oluchinga** kana **olukuku** (coast, shore, banks). VaKongo vanoti **jingidila** (surrounding animals in a hunt).
*VaChewa vanoti **kuchinga** (to fence). VaChewa vanoti **chinga** (a fence, a temporary stockade).
*MaZulu vanoti **jinga** (v. Be continually at, keep near to, stick close to, follow closely; importune, pester; frequent).
*Zulu vanoti **umjingandlu** (1. Species of brown snake, fond of frequenting huts. 2. Boy who habitually stays at home. Lit. what frequents the house).
*Kimbundu vanoti **jinga** kana **jinge** (always, ever; at all times; evermore). Mamwe mazwi: **kujinga** (strolls, surrounds, whirlpools).
Chirambo (misandu)

Muchidzidzo fundoyetsimba chirambo (Phase of thermodynamic system) zvinotaura nzvimbo yegumbapamwe inoti zviro zvose zvirimo zvine chimiro chakafanana. Mamiriro esebhe muchirambo anotongwa nezvinhu zvinosanganisira puresha, hujoto uye concentration yechinhu chacho.

## Mitauro yeBantu

*Mururimi rweKikongo vanoti **nkala** (n. state, jobs).
Gama

Shoko rokuti gama (section, division or large part of a whole in English) rinoreva chikamu chechinhu chizere. Vamwe vatauri mune mamwe matunhu vanoti gamha. Mashoko aya anoda kutaura zvakafanana nerinoti gasva asi pazvinyorwa zviri pano achashandiswa zvakasiyana zvishoma.

Muzvinyorwa zviri pano shoko rokuti **gama** richashanda kuturikira zvivakamberi **semi- and hemi-** zvinoshandiswa kuEnglish. Somuenzaniso denderedzigama ndiro rinonzi **semi-circle** kuEnglish. Izvi zvinenge zvakafanira kuti tikwanise kuturikira zvivakamberi zvinoti **semi-** kana **hemi-** zvekuEnglish.

Tichitevedza maonero mamwe, mburungwagama ndiyo inonzi **hemisphere** kuEnglish. Saka **southern hemisphere** inenge yonzi mburungwagama rekuchamhembe

## Mamwe Mazwi

Kukamura kana kuganhura (divide into sections).

## Kurerutsa Mutauro

*Hari yava gamha: the pot is half full.
*Musudze une chigamha chemvura: the bucket is half full of water.
*Isa chigama chemvura mukomichi.
*Ita saga gamha: half fill the sack.
*Kuita ziamwa, kuita gamha, kuita gasva.
*Dikatika kana madikatika (less than full quantity) Isa muhari rwanza rwakaita dikatika rwoupfu: put nearly a handful of meal in the pot.
*Chibutwa (half a sack of grain or meal) kutaura saga rechibage kana hupfu rakaziyama.

## Mitauro yeAfrika

*MaZulu vanoti **gamanxa** (ideophone of acting incompletely, doing by halves). Muenzaniso: **Ithunga selithe gamanxa** (The milk-bucket is half full). 
*MaZulu vanoti **gamanxa** (Act incompletely, do by halves ; hold in the middle). Muenzaniso: **Ukukhuluma ngisakugamanxile** (I am half-way through my talk).
*MaZulu vanoti **ukugamanxa induku** (to hold a stick by the middle). Humburi Senni inoti gám-ó (n. middle).
Mburungwagama rekuchamhembe

Shoko rokuti mburungwagama rekuchamhembe kana mburungwagama yezasi southern hemisphere rinoreva chikamu chePasirose chiri kuchamhembe kwemuenzanisi. Nokumwe kutaura panokwanisa kunzi **kuchamhembe kwemuenzanisi**.
Haro

Muchidzidzo Taranyika shoko rokuti haro (mountain pass in English) rinoreva nzvimbo yakaderera iri pakati pemandundu emakomo (Mountain range). Kazhinji haro rinowanikwa riri pamusoro penzvimbo inovambira rwizi. Kukosha kweharo pamandundu emakomo kunoonekwa pakuti migwagwa yaivakwa ichipinda nepavende kuti nhambwe yemukwidza wegomo ive duku. MuZimbabwe haro rinozivikanwa zvakanyanya riri kwaMutare rinonzi Christmas Pass.

Mamwe mazwi anoshandiswa kutsanagura vende iri ndeekuti haro, kana kuti hanu.

*Haro kana hanu (Space, gap).
Gumbi

*Gumbi (large herd of cattle) apa kureva musasa wemombe zhinji.
*Gumbi (a crowd; very many people) apa kureva vanhu vazhinji-zhinji.
*Gumbi kana makumbi (eaves of house) kureva chikamu chedenga remba chinodarika pane madziro chichibatsira kukanda mvura kuti isaerera nemadziro. 
*Gumbi sezita ( a family name).

## Mitauro yeAfrika

*Mambwe inoti -kumbana (to gather in a group). Humburi inoti kumbi (gather around something).
*Kinyarwanda inoti **umukumbi** (flock of sheep). Zigula inoti **mkumbi** (n. a broad road) kureva mugwagwa.
*MaXhosa vanoti **igumbi** (n. room) kureva kamuri.
Kufasa (kumiswa)

Shoko rokuti kufasa (plugged, caused to stop) rinotaura kuti chinhu chamiswa kusvika kutadza kufamba kana kuyerera. 

## Kurerutsa Mutauro

*Havana kushanda zvakanaka muswere wose wezuva nokuti pombi yemvura yanga yakafasa nemadhaga.
*Akafasa mabhureki kuti bhasikoro rimire asatsika vana vaitambira pamugwagwa

## Mitauro yeBantu

*VaLozi vanoti **-fasa** (to become jammed, to be full (as river or a cooking pot)) vachireva kufasa.
Kufasa (kuwandisa)

Shoko rokuti kufasa (become excessive) rinoreva kuwandisa kwezvinhu kusiri kutapudzika kana kuwanda kwebasa rinofanirwa kuitwa risiri kutapudzika.

Runyanyu (excessiveness).

## Kurerutsa Mutauro

*Mombe dzakafasa nhasi, hameno vakapedza kudhibhisa kunze kuchakachena.

*Ndakundika kuenda kumutambo nokuti basa ranga rakandifasa.
Kufarutsa

Shoko rokuti kufarutsa (cause air to escape through an opening) rinoreva chiitiko chinokonzera mweya kubuda nepaburi. 

## Kurerutsa Mutauro

*Kugarira kwaakaita bharuma mweya kwakafarutsa mweya wose.
Kukotonoka

Shoko rokuti kukotoka rinoreva kuunganidza kana kuparadzira gungano revanhu kana mhuka - general assembly or dispersal. 

### Kurerutsa Mutauro

*Mangwanani tsvuri inokotonodza vasevenzi kuti vabve kumisha yavo; mauro inovakotonodza kuti vadzokereko.
*Mombe dziri kukotonokera kudhibhi: cattle are gathering at the dip. 
*Mombe dzava kukotonoka padhibhi: the cattle are about to disperse from the dip. 
*Vakotoka kumunda pavapedza kusakurira nzungu dzaamai vavo.
*Kukotorodza kana kuti kukotonora - Gather or disperse (large number of living things).

## Mamwe Mazwi

*Kukorombwedza (Gather together from far and near). Vanhu vokumativi ose vakakorombwedzana paguruundano: people from all parts of the country gathered together at the congress. 
*Gorombwedzwa
***koto** (ideophone of dispersing).
*Kukotoka (1. Disperse. Break up meeting; 2. Leave (many, from where working) for home. 3. Leave work or place at end of working period - one or many).
*Kukotonoka (Come together from different directions; 2. Disperse in different directions). 

## Mitauro yeBantu

*Kikongo inoti **kota** (enter, come in, to pass in, penetrate, flow in, sink in, set as the sun). VaKongo vanoti **kotwa** (to be entered).
*Kikongo inoti **kotesa** (cause to enter, put, take in, insert, admit, fetch in, load a canoe). Mamwe mazwi **kota kunanxi** (to put or pass under).
*Herero inoti **kotoka** (v.t. return, come back) vachireva kukotoka. Zigula inoti **kugotoka** (v. to return) kureva kukotoka.
*Herero inoti komana (v. to crowd in together; swarm along). Mamwe mazwi: kumanisa (v.t. crowd in).
Chivi

*Chivi, Zimbabwe apa zvichibvira dunhu rekwaChivi.
*Chivi (Sin; transgression) apa vachireva rutadzo.
*Chivi (Calamity; tragic happening) zvichireva ndondo.

## Mitauro yeBantu

*VaGanda vanoti **mti mubi** (a bad tree) vachireva muti muvi.
*VaGanda vanoti **muntu mulungi** (a good person) vachireva munhu akanaka.
*VaNyoro vanoti **kabi** (danger, evil) vachireva njodzi kana chivi. VaNyoro vanoti **kibi** (sin, guilt, evil) vachireva chitadzo kana chivi. 
*VaDigo vanoti **uyi** (n. evil) vachireva huvi. VaSwahili vanoti **ubaya** (n. evil) vachireva huvi kana **mabaya**.
Chitadzo

Chivi, chitadzo kana kuti chitema zvinoreva tsika kana chiitiko chinova kukanganisa pamberi paMwari. Chivi chinogona kuonekwa sechinhu chinoshatisa hukama huripo pakati pemunhu naMwari. Muzvidzidzo zvechiKristu, chivi chinotadzisa munhu kuona Mwari uye kuyanana naye.

Zviri nyore kunzwisisa chivi maringe nemirairo gumi yaMwari.

## Mamwe Mazwi

*Kuchinya (to sin, to wrong) zvinoreva kutadza.
*Kuchinyira (to sin against, to wrong) zvinoreca kutadzira.
*Nduramo, kurungama (righteousness).
*Chishaishi (sin, offence) zvichireva rutadzo.
*Kupauka (to turn away from following a particular command, direction).
*Bosho, mhosho kana hanganiso (mistake) apa kureva chikanganiso.

*VaIsrael vese vakagura mupango wako, ngokupauka: Yes, all Israel flouted your Torah and turned away.. (Dan 9:11)

## Tsumo

*Chivi chinodya mwene wacho. Sin devours the one who has committed it. 
*Areva vi ati idi ribude. He who has revealed evil has caused the truth to come out. 

## Mitauro yeBantu

*Baila vanoti **chibi** (a bad thing, evil) kureva **chivi**. VaHaya vanoti **kibi** kana **mbi** (bad, evil) kureva **chivi**.
*VaWanga vanoti **eshibi** (evil act or thing) kureva chitadzo. VaNyoro vanoti **bibi** (sins) kureva zvitadzo.
*VaTiriki vanoti **shivi** (evil act, feces, bad, wrong, evil, ugly, unpleasant, dirty, anything which is offensiv) kureva **chivi**.
*VaGanda vanoti **mti mubi** (a bad tree) vachireva muti muvi. Mamwe mazwi: **nyumba mbi** (a bad house) vachireva imba ivi.
*VaDigo vanoti **miromo-mii** (dirty words) vachireva mashoko akashata.
*VaHerero vanoti **omu-runde** (Sinner) kureva mutadzi. Mamwe mazwi: **o-runde** (Sinfulness) kureva hutadzi.
*VaGiryama vanoti **dambi** kana **kosa** (n. sin) kureva chitadzo. Mamwe mazwi: **mudambi** (sinner) kureva mutadzi.
Sabata

Muzvidzidzo zvechiKristu uye zvechiJudah, Sabata zvinoreva zuva rakatarwa naMwari kuti vanhu vazorore pazuvaro, iri riri zuva rechinomwe kana kuti mugovera wega wega.

### [[Mirairo gumi yaMwari]]

Rangarira zuva reSabata kuti uri chengete rive dzvene. Ubate mazuva matanhatu uite mabasa ako ose; asi zuva rechinomwe isabata raJehovha Mwari wako; usatongobata mabasa naro, iwe, kana mwanakomana wako, kana mwanasikana wako, kana zvipfuwo zvako, kana mweni wako uri mukati mamasuwo ako; nokuti namazuva matanhatu Jehovha wakasika denga napasi, negungwa, nezvose zviri mukati mazvo, akazorora nezuva rechinomwe; naizvozvo Jehovha wakaropafadza zuva reSabata ukariita dzvene.

## Mitauro yeBantu

*Baila vanoti **Sabata** (n. Sabbath) kureva Sabata.
Sabata remubhaibheri 

VaJudha vakawanda vanotevedzera mitemo yeSabata vanodaro sekuchengetedza mirairo yema Israeli uyezve sekukoshesa zuva rekuzorora kwakaitwa na Mwari mushure mekunge asika nyika. MaJudha vanochengetedza Sabata zvakare vachirangararira kusunungurwa kwavakaitwa na Mwari kubva munyika ye usungwa ye Egypt. 

Zvisinei makristu akawanda vanongochengetedzawo zuva reSabata nekuti izuva rakazorora Mwari kusika nyika.
Mukondombera

Mukondombera zvinoreva **pandemic** kana chirwere chakatekeshera. AIDS muenzaniso wechirwere chakatekeshera - saka pakutaurwa tinofanira kuti Mukondombera weAIDS nokuti kunokwanisa kuita mukondombera wechimwewo chirwere. Mazuvano vanhu vazhinji vanokanganisika vachifunga kuti zvinoreva chirwere che HIV-Aids.

## Mitauro yeAfrika

*Herero vanoti Oru-kondo (n. a division, a part; allotment; part; share). Uyo Ibibio vanoti ekondo (n. world) kureva pasirose.
*Herero inoti **okuvera** (n. illness, disease; sickness, malady). Kikongo inoti mbela (n. a sickness; a being sick). Sangho inoti **kobêla** (n. malady; sickness) kureva chirwere.
*Umbundu vanoti **vela** (v. be sick) kureva kurwara. Kinande vanoti omukondo (n. residence; dwelling; place of stay).
*Lingala vanoti **bela** kana **bele** (v. be sick; be ill) kureva kurwara. Mamwe mazwi: **nazali kobela** (v. I am sick/ill). **Okobela** (You are sick?).
*Civili vanoti **beelë** (v. to be sick; to be in the wrong) kureva kurwara kana kushaisha. Djimini vanoti weri (v. be ill) kureva kurwara.
Madimbu (chiitiko)

Madimbu (fortunate coincidence) zvinoreva kuita mahwekwe asi aya ari aitika uchisangana nerombo rakanaka kana kuti nechinhu chakarurama.
Madzimo

Madzimo (fire extingusiher) zvinoreva chero chinhu chinoshandiswa kudima moto. Vamwe vatauri vanoti mudzimo. Moto wemusango wainyanya kudimwa nemasanzu kana madende akanyikwa mumvura.
Kukotsira

**Kukotsira** (kureva *to fall asleep; sleeping*) **kuvata** kana **kurara** zvinoreva nguva iyo munhu anobatwa nehope orara kana kuenzera pangava pamubhedha kana pachigaro kana papi apo angakotsira ari. Vawongorori vanoziva nevehutano vanoti munhu mukuru anofanirwa kukotsira maawa manomwe kusvika masere 7-8 pazuva rimwe. Nyanzvi dzinotizve pahugaro hwake hwose munhu anenge akakotsira kwenguva inokwana kusvika zvikamu makumi matatu nenhatu pazana (33%).

## Mamwe Mazwi

*Kupepuka kana kubepura zvinoreva kumuka kubva kuhope. Sokuti ndapepuka pakati pousiku.
*Makope zvinotaura maererano nemakotsiriro anoita munhu. Mumwe anganzi ane makope etsuro kureva kuti anokotsira akavhura maziso setsuro.

*Maji kana manhede zvinotaura munhu akarara nomusana. Shoko rokuti manhede rinoshandiswawo kana munhu awa nemagotsi kana kuti ari kushambira akatarira kunenga- *back stroke*.
*Kutsivama (to lie facedown) kurara wakatarisa pasi.
*Kudedemadza (Make to lie on back. Turn over onto back. Incline backwards). Dedemadza hamba: turn the tortoise onto its back. Kudedemara (Lie on back)
*Kutsumwaira, kudzimwaira kana kutsimwaira (doze off, take a nap).
*Uvato (sleeping place).
*Kuenzera, kuyenzera, kurinda, kuvata, kutsenama.
*Kukondeka (to sleep) apa zvichireva kurara hope. Tichandokondeka hope kana tasvika pamana redu: we shall go to sleep when we reach our home.
*Kukubura kana kupfodora (Sleep deeply). 

## Tsumo

*Katumba kausarara usatanga wakatenda. A cottage in which you have not slept yet you should not praise. 
*Ndisvike-ndisvike inoradza vazhinji panzira.

## Mitauro ye Chibantu

*VaZigula vanoti tongo kana matongo kureva hope. Mamwe mazwi: kusakugona (n. sleepless) kureva kushaiwa hope.
*Herero vanoti tata kana vandama (lying prostrate). Herero vanoti sika (v. nap) kureva kukotsira chinguvana.
*Giryama vanoti kukunukira (dose) kureva kutsimwaira. Kukunukiza (make drowsy). 
*VaWanga vanoti okhuyenzera (be flat; be level; lie still; be stagnant; be calm) vachireva kuti chechetere. 
*VaWanga vanoti okhuyenzesia (flatten; calm; quieten; knock down flat). Luganda vanoti okusumagira (v. doze) kureva kutsumwaira.
*Nyungwe vanoti -phepuka (awake) kureva kupepuka. VaBukusu vanoti siikonelo (n. bedding) zvichireva pekurarira. 
*VaGulu vanoti kugonesa (v. lay) kureva kuradzika. Kinande vanoti otulo kana obupyame (n. sleepiness) kureva hope.
*Shimaore vanoti tsindzi (v. sleep; rest; slumber) kureva kukotsira.

## Mapeji okuringa:

* Kusvinuka
* Kupepuka
* Kumuka
Makaro

Makaro (greediness) zvinotaura munhu anodisa kudya. Vamwe vatauri vanoti ane madyo kana ane nhafu.

Munhu anoda tunonaka anonzi anoruta.

## Mamwe Mazwi

*Borongwe kana maporongwe (One who is selfish in sharing food). Zvichireva muruti.

## Mitauro yeBantu

*VaZigula vanoti **ubafu** (covetousness, gluttony; avarice; greed) kureva nhafu.
*Zigula vanoti **mbafu** (n. gluttony).