open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Mitauro ye Chinaija-Kongo

**Mitauro ye Chinaija-Kongo** imhuri ye mutauro hwe usumamunyati inotaurwa muruzhinji (asi kwete wose) wehuwandu hwe muSaharadzasi ye Afurika. Inobatanidza mitauro ye Chimande (mhuri ine *udhaivhesi* hwakafanana ne mitauro ye chiindo-Yuropu), mitauro ye Chiatlandiki-Kongo (dzino gova munyire we sistimu ye musangu-we-nauni), uye mimwe mitauro inotadzwa kupangurwa. Mhuri ye Chinaija-Kongo inogon kuva mhuri kurukuru pasirose, ye chitatu pakuwanda kwevatauri, uye ndiyo mhuri hombe muAfurika pakutaura nezve nzvimbo paTarachisi. Uyezve, ndiyo mhuri huru pakuva ne mitauro iri distingiti, ichiteerwa neOstironezhiya. Mitauro ye Chinaija-Kongo ne eretsinorogu i1,540.

Pakava ne humbowo kuratidza kuti iri vharidhi (*valid*), inogona kuva mhuri yemitauro yechitatu pasirose pahuwandu hwevanhu vanoutaura serurimi rwamai, vatauri vanosvika 700 miriyoni kubva muna 2015. Mitauro ye Chinaija-Kongo dzinotaurwa nehuwandu hwevanhu vakawanda hwunosanganisa Chiyorubha, Chiigbho, Chifurufurudhe (Chifurani), Chishona, Chisutu uye Chizulu. Chiswahiri ndicho chinotaurwa zvakanyanya pakati pe mitauro ye Chinaija-Kongo uye muAfurika yese, unoshandiswa semutauro wenyika zhinji kuMabvazuva uye Chemhembechemabvazuva e Afurika.

Mumhuri ye Chinaija-Kongo pane dzimwe mhuri dzemitauro senge Chiatlandiki-Kongo, Chidhogoni, Chimande, Chiijo uye Chirashadhi (pamusoro pezvo mitauro ye Chibantu chikamu cheboka re Chinaija-Kongo futi).

## Mabazi emitauro ye Chibantu

## Horokodzwa huru

### Atlandiki-Kongo

; **Atlanta**

Boka re Chiatlandiki chiri *polyphyletic* rinoverengerwa 35 miriyoni vatauri kubva muna 2016, yakanyanya kusanganisa vatauri we Chifula uye Chiworofu. Atlandiki hayiwonekwi sechikamu chiri vharidhi kuboka racho.

* chiSenegambiya: chinosanganisa Chiworofu, chinotaurwa mu Senegaru, uye Chifurufurudhe, chinotaurwa muSaheru.
* chiBhaku (Bak), dzinowanzo sanganiswa ne boka re chiSenegambiya
* chiMeli (Mel)
* chiLimba
* chiGola

; **Vhoruta-Kongo**

*<small>Tarisai futi peji re [[Mitauro ye Vhoruta-Kongo]]</small>*

* **Vhoruta ye Maodzanyemba**
** **[[Mitauro ye Chikru|chiKru]]**: mitauro ye Kru ndeye vanhu vekuMadokero eAfurika; inosanganisa Chibhete (Bété), Chinyabwa, uye Chidhidha (Dida).
** Adhamawa-Ubhangi:
*** **[[Mitauro ye Chiadhamawa|chiAdhamawa]]**: ine mitauro ne mitauronyina unosvika padhuze ne 100, dzakagohwa pa plateu ye Chiadhamawa, inotaurwa ne vanhu vanoestimetwa kusvika kuhuwandu hwe 1.6 miriyoni kubva muna 1996; mutauro mukuru i Chimumuye, unotora kota yehuwandu hwevatauri we Chiadhamawa.
*** **[[Mitauro ye Chiubhangiya|chiUbhangiya]]**: iboka diki remitauro inotaurwa muRudhende rweAfurika ye Pakati. Inogona kumira yega kana guiswa ne Adhamawa kuita "Adhamawa-Ubhangi".
Chinubhaka

**Chinubhaka** (chinonyorwa sekuti ***Nubaca***) kana Chibhaka, mutauro we Chibantu unotaurwa kuKameruni ne Vanubhaka. Mutauro uyu unotyiwa kufa nevakuru venzanga yayo nokuda kwekuti vadoko vanosarudza Chifurenji pamusoro pemitauro ye Chivanhu chavo. Kunyangwe vachigona kutaura uye kunzwisisa mutauro wacho pamazuvaose vanoisa Chifurenji pauzuru. Pamusoro pezvo vamwe vemunzanga ye chiNubhaka vanotauro wo mimwe mitauro senge Chibhasaa kunyanya mitauronyina yekumaodzanyemba, uyewo Chinugunu ne Chiewondo.

## Mashoko anotodza Chishona

* Baca vanoti **à≠kã́ã́ⁿd̥** (n. woman) kureva mukadzi.
* Baca vanoti **jɔ̂k**  (n. snake, serpent) kureva nyoka.
* Baca vanoti **kʊ̀≠sál** (v. cut open) kureva kucheka.
* Baca vanoti **kɪ̀≠jàjá** (n. ringworm) kureva chisasa.
* Baca vanoti **kì≠múmɜ̀** (n. deaf mute) kureva chimumumu.
* Baca vanoti **kì≠ɲíɲ** kureva nhengokadzi.
* Baca vanoti **kɪ̀≠pàbá** (n. Eng wing ) kureva bapiro.
* Baca vanoti **kì≠pín** (n. dance) kureva kudzana. Chewa vanoti kuvhina.
* Baca vanoti **kɪ̀≠tɔ̀ŋ** (n. country ) kureva nyika. Fananidzai nokuti - Rooranai vematongo?
* Baca vanoti **kɪ̀≠tɛ́** (n. saliva) kureva mate.
* Baca vanoti **kʊ̀≠fʷág-à** (v. build) kureva kuvaka.
* Baca vanoti **kʊ̀≠tɛ́m-à** (v. clear land for planting) kutema miti uchiita munda.
* Baca vanoti **m≠bàl** (n. leopard) kureva mbada.
* Baca vanoti **m̀≠pásà** (n. twin) kureva mupatya.
* Baca vanoti **mʊ́≠tát** (num. three) kureva nhatu.
* Baca vanoti **mʊ́≠tâːn** (num. five) kureva shanu.
* Baca vanoti **mṹ≠ũ̀ⁿt** (n. person) kureva munhu.
* Baca vanoti **ŋ̀≠hùm** (n. pregnancy) kureva nhumbu.
* Baca vanoti **ŋ≠gún** (n. tortoise - land) kureva hamba.
* Baca vanoti **ŋ̀≠kúɲ** (firewood) kureva huni.
* Baca vanoti **p≠fɛ́mɛ̀** (n. breath) kureva mufemo.
* Baca vanoti **tàáɾɛ̀** (n. father) kureva baba. Fananidzai nokuti tateguru?

### Mamwe Mazwi

* Baca vanoti **m̀≠jàjà**  (n. cousin) kureva muzaya.

* Duramazwi reBaca rinowanikwa pa **webonary.org**.

## Mabviro eruzivo
Vadhwe'e

**Vadhwe'e** (Chidhwe'e: *Badwe'e, Bajwe'e,* Chifurenji*: Badjoué*) kana **Wadhwe'e**, iboka revanhu vanogara mumazoni emasango anoNaya ekuchamhembmabvazuva eKameruni. Vanozviona pachavo nokuziva kuti ndivana we VaEdwe'e, gotwekomana raKoo uye hanzvadzikomana ya Njeme na Nzime. Vadhwe'e vanogara kuchamhembe cheMessaména mupurovhinzi rokumabvazuva reVabekoli (Vabekol) ne zvese maodzanyemba ne madokero eVanzime. Teritori yavo inosanganisa uzhiji we maodzanyemba ne madokero emuganhu we Ruzevha rweGutebenyu reDja. Vanotauri Chidhwe'e, mutauronyina we Chikoozime pamwechete ne Vanzime.

## Mashoko ashandiswa

* Masango anonaya (kureva *rain forests*)
* Gutebenyu (bhiosfiya; biosphere), ruzevha (*reserve*)
* Ruzevha rweGutebenyu reDja (*Dja Biosphere Reserve*)
* Ruchava - ririkubva pashoko reChikalanga rekuti ***ichaba,*** ririkureva - *ethnic*
Mitauro ye Chibantu

**Mitauro ye Chibantu** kana **mitauro ye Chivantu** imhuri huru ye mitauro inotaurwa neVabantu veVupakati, Chamhembe, Mabvazuva uye Chamembemabvazuva eAfurika. Vanosika bazu rihuru reMitauro yeUbantu yekuChamhembe.

Huwandu hwe mitauro ye Chibantu inogona kusvika kumazana, zvihienderana nechirevo chemutauro n emutauronyina, uye unohestimetswa kuva pakati pe 440 kana kuva 680 ye mitauro yakazvimirira.

Izwi rokuti **Bantu** rinoshandiswa kutsanagudza mitauro inotaurwa navatema vari kuChamhembe kweAfrica inoda kunotodzana pamazwi anotaurwa. Izwi iri rinotodza pakuti vanhu vari kuChemhembe kweAfrica vane mitauro yakafana uye vose pavanotaura shoko rokuti *munhu* vanosahndisa shoko rakada kufanana.

Sokuti:

* Chishona chinoti **munhu**, muuzhnji chichiti **vanhu.**
* Chimanyika ne Chibuja chinoti wo **munhu**, muuzhinji chichiti **wanhu.**
* Chindevere ne Chizulu chinoti **umuntu**; muuzhinji chichiti **abantu.**
* Chichewa ne Chindau chinoti **muntu**; muuzhinji chichiti **vantu.**
* Chiswahili chinoti **mtu**; muuzhinji chichiti **watu.**

## Hupango

### Hupango hwe Computational phylogenetic
Simplified phylogeny of northwestern branches of Bantu by Grollemund (2012):

Sekubva pa- enwiki.

## Nenyika

## Mashoko e Chibantu akaita mbiri nekuda kwe tsika dzekumadokero

## Mabviro eruzivo
Nyikadzimu

**Nyikadzimu** (nge. *spirit world; heaven; ancestral spriti world*) ndiyo nyika ye Hudzimu (kana vumweyamweya) isingaoniki inoendwa ne shavi remunhu pakufa kwake.

Mashoko okuti mudzimu kana shavi ese anoreva kuti mweya, asi anoshandiswa kupatsanura mhando ye mweya, mudzimu imweya kana shavi remhuri dzakafa - matateguru anaambuya nevamwe wo. Asi, shavi imweya wemunhu pachake uye imweya wemunhu pachake akasa kwanisa kuwaneruagare pakufa akafamba famba uye nokupinda vanhu.

## Mashoko ashandiswa

* Hudzimu kana vumweyamweya zvinoreva kuti - *spiritual.*

## Mamwe mapeji ekutarisa

* Mudzimu
* Shavi
* Mweya
* Ruhana
* Hana
* Munyama

## Mabviro eruzivo
http://www.scielo.org.za/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1445-73772013000100006
Hana (tsauranisa chirevo)

**Hana**, **HANA** uye **hana** ishoko reChishona rinoshandiswa kureva zvinyorwa zviri zasiyo

## Umorali (morality)
* Hana - kureva izwi romukati rinobva kumweya wo rumwene richikurairidza, ruzivo rwuri mukati medu kubva kunaMwari - *conscience; inner-heart* 
* Ruhana

## Moyo

* Hana (yemoyo) - kureva kupfuura kwemoyo, vamwe vanodana mabhiti emoyo kuhana.
Basa (fundoyetsimba)

**Basa** (kureva *work*) muchidzidzo chefundoyetsimba, rinodudzirwa sesimba rinoshanda kana Fosi ichinge yafambisa chinhu chine huremu zvinoenderana nerudzivo rwekuri kunanga Fosi iyoyo. Basa rinoitwa chete kana Fosi ichinge yafamba nhambwe; Fosi isina chayafambisa hapana basa rinenge raitwa.

Basa rine tsazaniso inoti, Basa = Fosi x Nhambwe.

Basa rinopimwa nechiyero chatingati '''majao''' (kutodza *joules* kuChingezi).
Nafusi

**Nafusi** (Chiarabhu: نَفْس , *Nfas;* kana Chiswahiri: *Nafsi*) ishoko reChiarabhu rinowanikwa muKurani, rinoreva pachiidi kuti "mbune", uye rinotranziletwa kureva "rwumene", "undingo" kana "mwefenuro". Neno iri rine hukama ne shoko reChihebheru rokuti *[[nefesh]]*, נֶפֶשׁ. MuKurani shoko rokuti *nafs* rinoshandiswa, pacharo (vhesi 2:48) uye pahuwandu (vhesi 4:1), zvichireva kuti kunyangwe vanhu vakabatana mukuva nehunhu hwakanaka hwe *nafs*, asi pachavo vanhu vane bvuvano yekuita chido chakasungunuka yavakapuhwa na Mwari.

## Mashoko akakosha

* Nhu - zvinoreva kuti *first principal; force; existence; being; essence*
* **[[undingo]]** ndiro izwi rashandiswa kuturikirwa shoko rokuti *ego* paChingezi. Rabva pashoko rokuti ndingoveni.
** Rimwe shoko ringagona kushandiswa i**[[umbimba]]** - *self-assuredness*
** **[[mwefenuro]]** - kureva *soul;* nokuti *soul* ne *self* zvakati fananei, zvinotendwa kuti *mwefenuro* ndiwo *[[umene]]* chaiyo igere mukati memwiri, uye *[[mweya]]* ndiwo chifemo cheupenyu chakapiwa *mwefenuro* kuti urarame pamusoro pezvo mwiri ndiwo "imba" we *mwefenuro* kuti ufambe panyika.
** **[[Hana]]** - C*onscience* mafungiro emukati uye kurova kwe moyo. *Conscience* izwi romukati rinotiudza kuti tiite chinhu chakanaka kana kuti tisaite chakaipa - ndiro izwi redu rakasvinuka. 
** **[[Rwumene]]** ririkushandiswa kumirira ***psyche*** yakafanana wo ne *soul* - *psyche* ndicho chizadziswa chepfungwa ye munhu, **[[rupepuko]]** (*consciousness*) uye **[[urashapepuko]]** (*unconsciousness*). - **Rwumene** i-*conscious personality/self*  kusanganisa kwezvose zvinowaka munhu mu**[[Hunzimu]]** (*spiritually*).

## Mamwe mapeji okutarisa

* Rūḥ

## Mabviro eruzivo
Munana

**Munana** (Nge. *miracle*) kana pahuwandu zvichinzi **minana,** chiitiko chisingakwanise kutsanangura pausikwanamwari kana pamitemo ye sainzi uye zvinowanzo tsanangurwa zvichinzi zvakaitika nokuda kwe chikonzeresi chiri *supernatural* kana *praeternatural*. Zvitendero zvizhinji zvinowanzo tenda kuti finomina yakaita senge ye unana inokonzereswa ne Nhu iri supernatural, (pakazvinji) dheiti, mejisheni, muiti weminana, musande, kana mutungamiri wechitendero senge muparidzi. 

## Zvanhasi
* Ngoro Yeminana - irwiyo rwakayimbwa ne Joyfull Praise Choir na Rudo Tania Madindi mu ungamhanzi yavo yegore ra 2019
Uvi

**Uvi** (nge. *evil*) **Uipi**, mukujaira kufunga kwevanhu zvinoreva mutsananguro we icho chisiri - chipokano kana chishaikwa  cheHunaku (unake). Izanodzamu rakakura, kunyangwe richishandiswa zvakatetepa zvamazuvaese rinowanzokushandiswa pakutaura nezve hutsinye hwakadzama uye kupesanisana ne hunaku. Uvi unowanzo vonekwa kunge unoratidzika nenzira dzakasiyana, senge nzira yeuvi hwe ufukaunhu mumunhu pachake. Ufukaunhu unozowanzokusanganiswa neiro shoko rokuti uvi mukushandiswa kwaro, kana uvi uharirwe (senge kuti zvikonzero zverushambwa rwechiharirwe kana zvirwere). Pamusoro pezvo, muzvitendero, vanhu vanofunga kuti zvikonzeresi madhimoni kana zvemhiri-nechasikwa. Mamwe maonero ezvitendero kana maoenero e pasirose, uye zvigondamano zvinotarisisa "hunaku huchipokana ne uvi", vamwe havabvumi kushandiswa kweuvi mukutsanangura hunhu hwekuzvarwa nahwo pavanhu.

## Horokodzwa huru

### Nhu
*<small>Tarisai peji re: [[Nhu]] kuwana ruzivo rwakadzama</small>*

Uvi unokwanisa kutsanangurwa sekushayikwa kwe hunaku. Senge kuti, Mwari ndivo *hunaku,* saka pasina Mwari paneuvi zvokungorikudaro. Izvi ndizvozvinoita kutenda kwevanhu kuti panaMwari panehunaku, pasina Mwari hapana hunaku nekuti Mwari ndiwo dziva rohunaku, hunaku hwunowanikwa kumwe hunobva mavari uye pavari.

## Mamwe mapeji ekutarisa

* Hunaku

* Uvi Uharirwe (natural evil)

## Mabviro eruzivo


## Chirevo
Nhu

**Nhu** (Chinguni: Ntu, Chiswahiri: Tu, Chibantu: To, Ndu, Ndo, nu, nhu, nthu, ndhu) ishoko reChishona rinowanikwa kumitauro yakasiyana ye Chibantu, ishoko rinoshandiswa kureva "*first principal; force; existence; being; essence".*

Ndiro shoko rinotipa mashoko anosanganisa 

* Munhu (Vanhu)
* Chinhu (Zvinhu)
* Kunhu
* Panhu
* Hunhu / Unhu / Vunhu / Wunhu
** Hwunhu (Huunhu)
* Kanhu 
* Twunhu (Tuunhu) 
* Runhu 
* Zinhu

## Mamwe mapeji ekutarisa

* Mwari
* Munhu
* Hunhu
Matandara

Matandara izita remhuri rinowanikwa muMalawi neZambia. 

*Vanhu vane zita iri: Chikosa Matandara; Pachalo Matandara; Mack Matandara; Mlela Matandara.
*Dandara kana matandara, (1. Platform on poles, 2. Raised up watch hut, Platform with walls and no roof). Vamwe vanoti dara.
*Dandara (Mentally retarded person). apa zvichireva rema.

## Mitauro yeAfrika

Pano panyorwa mazwi ari pedyo nezita iri kune mimwe mitauro yeAfrica, asi zvinoreva zita zvigona kusiyana zvachose nemazwi ari pasi aya. 

*Hadiyya inoti matandara (singular, single).
Matome sezita

Matome izita revanhu rinowanikwa  muBotswana neSouth Africa. 

*Vanhu vane zita iri: Matome Rabothata; Vinolia Matome; Leboganga Matome; Tebogo Matome.
*Mazwi ari pedyo mukutaurika: Kadomera, Matoma sezita.

## Mitauro yeAfrika

Pano panyorwa mazwi ari pedyo nezita iri kune mimwe mitauro yeAfrica, asi zvinoreva zita zvigona kusiyana zvachose nemazwi ari pasi aya. 

*Hadiyya inoti matome (adj. the same) kureva kufanana. Mamwe mazwi: mato (one). Matooma (oneness).
Mbira sezita

Mbira izita remhuri rinowanikwa muZimbabwe neKenya. 

*Vanhu vane zita iri: Noluthando Mbira; Tinashe Mbira; Shingirai Mbira; Blessing Mbira, Robert Mbira.

## Mitauro yeAfrika

Pano panyorwa mazwi ari pedyo nezita iri kune mimwe mitauro yeAfrica, asi zvinoreva zita zvigona kusiyana zvachose nemazwi ari pasi aya. Pane tarisiro yekuti mitauro yeAfrika inotodzana mazwi.

*Hadiyya inoti imbila (fresh important part).
Nefesh

נֶ֫פֶשׁ‎ (Heb-ratini: *nép̄eš;* Sho*: Nefeshi,* ) **Nefesh** zvinoreva kuti ruhana, upenyu, mweya. Nefesh ishoko rinowanikwa mubhaibheri re Chihebheru. Rinodudzira maaspekti e usvinuko (*sentience*), uye vanhu ne dzimwe mhuka dzinotsanangurwa sekuva ne nefesh. Madzinde, semuenzaniso zvi zvinyanhengo zvipenyu, hazvitaurwi muBhaibheri sekuva ne nefesh. Iro neno נפש‎ rinoreva paudi kuti "ruhana", kunyangwe dzimwe nguva richishandiswa kureva "upenyu" muzvidomwa e Chingezi. Mamwe maonero ndeekuti nefesh inehukama ne musvinuko *(sentient being)* pasina mano roupenyu uye icho, nyamba kuisa nefesh, chisiko chisvinuko chaMwari i-nefesh. Hhwaro reMavambo 2:7 haruti Adhamu akapuhwa nefesh asi inoti Adhamu "akave nefesh mhenyu'. Nefesh kana ichitsanangurwa ne mamwe mashoko inogona kuundura madhitali e maaspekti anehukama ne *concept* yekuti nefesh; ne רוּחַ‎ rûach ("mweya") inotsanangura chikamu chevanhu chiri *immaterial*, senge pfungwa, *emotions, will, intellect, personality,* uye hana, senge muna Jobho 7:11.

Izvi zvinemsoro ngekuti Nefesh (ruhana) - *soul*, inogara mumwriri (vhesuru) - *earthly vessel*, uye imhenyu ngekuda kwo mweya (ruach) - *spirit*.

## Mashoko ashandiswa
- neno - kureva *term*, shoko, izwi

- udi - kureva *literally*, pachokwadi, paidi

- svinuko - kureva *sentient, awake*

- rusvinuko, usvinuko - *sentience*

* pepuka, pepuko  - to wake up randomly, to come to consciousness, rupepuko (consciousness)
* patika, patiko
* vhunduka - panic
* muka - awake

## Mamwe mapeji ekutarisa

* Ruach (Ruah) - mweya ne mhepo
Mhandara sezita

Mhandara izita remhuri rinowanikwa muZimbabwe. 

*Vanhu vane zita iri: Gift Mhandara; Isabel Mhandara; Monique Mhandara; Portia Mhandara.
*Mhandara (n. virgin female of marrigeable age).

## Mitauro yeAfrika

Pano panyorwa mazwi ari pedyo nezita iri kune mimwe mitauro yeAfrica, asi zvinoreva zita zvigona kusiyana zvachose nemazwi ari pasi aya. 

*Hadiyya inoti maandara (n. goodness, quality; behavior) kureva hutsvene.
*Hadiyya inoti maandaraamo (n. good person) kureva munhu akanaka.
Dumbu remuviri

**Dumbu** (stomach) inhengo iri mukati memuviri inova chikamu chenhengo dzinotakura nokuseredzera chikafu. Mukati medumbu munonzi mudumbu, vamwe vatauri vanoti mundani kana kuti mbwata - *belly*.

*Mhambarirwa (Person or object for whom food must be sought) apa kureva kupambara uchitsvaka mudyo wekudya kudzinga nzara. 
*Matumburira kana hutsatumbu (Abdomen, just below navel) chikamu chedumbu chiri zasi kweguvhu. 

## Tsumo

*Igangaidza mukwenyi mhezi kuvavira mudumbu.
*Nhumbu imhambarirwa: hunger is a driving force.
*Nhumbu mutseye haitauri chayadya. (mutseye: feeble person). The stomach is a feeble person, it does not reveal what it has eaten.
*Nhumbu iziso risingatauri zvaraona. 

## Mamwe Mazwi

*Chitambuzenene, nyabwata kana chitambuzviyo (1. Protruding stomach, 2. Person with protruding stomach) apa kureva chitumbu.  Zvichida izwi rokuti nyabwata rinotodzana nezita rokuti Nyaruwata?

## Mitauro ye[[ChiBantu]]

*Mang'anja vanoti **kwabve** kana **kwebwe** (large bellied; a paunch, not only when one has eaten much but constitutionally).
*VaGungu vanoti **nda** (Stomach, abdomen, belly) kureva **dumbu**. Uteyi kuMozambique vanoti **ndani** (Stomach, abdomen, belly) kureva **dumbu**.
*VaGiryama vanoti **ndani** (Stomach, abdomen, belly) kureva **dumbu**.
*VaChewa vanoti **mimba** (belly) kureva **dumbu**.
Dowa sezita

Dowa izita remhuri rinowanikwa muZimbabwe. 

*Vanhu vane zita iri: Magreth Dowa.

## Mitauro yeAfrika

Pano panyorwa mazwi ari pedyo nezita iri kune mimwe mitauro yeAfrica, asi zvinoreva zita zvigona kusiyana zvachose nemazwi ari pasi aya. 

*Bakole inoti dowa (n. stool) kureva chituru.
*Hadiyya inoti do'a (adj. round) kureva mburungwa. Mamwe mazwi: do'o (cycle, round, circular, perimeter, circumference).
Mafira sezita

Mafira izita remhuri rinowanikwa muZimbabwe. 

*Vanhu vane zita iri: Tatenda Mafira; Fredrick Mafira; Mafira Makusha; Previous Mafira.

## Mitauro yeAfrika

Pano panyorwa mazwi ari pedyo nezita iri kune mimwe mitauro yeAfrica, asi zvinoreva zita zvigona kusiyana zvachose nemazwi ari pasi aya. 

*Hadiyya vanoti firo (n. exit; way out). Mamwe mazwi: firo'o (n. output).
*Hadiyya vanoti firukko (vi. to go out, to exit; to come out, to get out; to climb, to ascend; to pass).
Barain

Barain mutauro unowanikwa kuChad.

## Mamwe Mazwi

*Barain vanoti dengu (n. trap) kureva muteyo.
*Barain vanoti kupo (v. to join) kureva kubatanidza.
*Barain vanoti gono (n. mortar) kureva duri.
*Barain vanoti gobi (n. snail) kureva hozhwa.
*Barain vanoti kudu (back there).
*Barain vanoti wiro (v. to illuminate) kureva kuvheneka.
*Barain vanoti sombor (n. rainbow) kureva murarabungu.
*Barain vanoti markumba (n. wild pigeon).
*Barain vanoti gaasuro (v. to establish; to make someone found something).
*Barain vanoti jinguro (v. to send down) kureva kudzikisa.
*Barain vanoti gomo (v. hit) kureva kurova.
*Barain vanoti gera (n. village) kureva musha.
*Barain vanoti turu (n. moon) kureva mwedzi.
*Barain vanoti walo (n. year) kureva gore.
*Barain vanoti suu (n. animal, meat) kureva nyama.
*Barain vanoti ara (n. path) kureva nzira.
*Barain vanoti buja (n. mouth) kureva muromo.
*Barain vanoti nandi (n. children) kureva vana.
*Barain vanoti kolo (v. to go) kureva kuenda.
*Barain vanoti dala (n. umblical cord).
*Barain vanoti dara (n. relative) kureva hama.
*Barain vanoti saani (n. iron) kureva simbi.
*Barain vanoti kita (n. work) kureva basa.
Murambe sezita

Murambe izita remhuri rinowanikwa muRwanda, neCongo, Kinshasa. 

*Vanhu vane zita iri: Semana Murambe; Fidele Murambe.

## Mitauro yeAfrika

Pano panyorwa mazwi ari pedyo nezita iri kune mimwe mitauro yeAfrica, asi zvinoreva zita zvigona kusiyana zvachose nemazwi ari pasi aya. 

*Hadiyya inoti lambe'e (middle; centre; midst; between) kureva pakati. Mamwe mazwi: lambe'ane (n. the middle one).
*Hadiyya inoti lambe'aancho (central; centre; average) kureva chepakati. lambe'enne (adv. in between - of time; in the middle).
Kurani

**Kurani** (Chiarabhu: القرآن al-Qurʾān; *"kuraura; to recite"*) kana **Korani**, iteksti ye chitendero cheUyislamu, rinotendwa se Vasalama sechizarurwa kubva kuna Mwari wavanoti Allah. Yakarondedzwa muzvitsauko 114 (uzhi.: سور *suwar*, usho.: سورة *sūrah*), mukati ine mavhesi (uzhi.: آيات *ʾāyāt*, usho.: آية *ʾāyah*, cons.: *ʾāyat*). Pamusoro pekukosha muchitendero, rinotenderwa kuvabasa rakanakisa muuvaranomwe hwe Chiarabhu, uye yakapezvedzera Chiarabhu.

## Mashoko ashandiswa

* Pesvedzero - *influence*
Manera

Manera (ladder) chombo chebasa chirefu chinoshandiswa kukwira kuenda panzvimbo dzakakwirira.

*Danho, mudanho kana chitsiko (step of ladder or stairway).

## Mitauro yeAfrika

*Gurma inoti doddi (n. mound) kureva murwi. Mamwe mazwi: Mamwe mazwi: doka kana **dokoa** (n. ladder) kureva manera.
*Wali inoti dari; daruu (n. ladder) kureva manera. Herero inoti otyi-rondero (ladder) kureva manera.
*Zigula vanoti mungazi (ladder; steps; ramp; promotion). Barawa inoti **ngazi** (ladder) kureva manera.
*Taabwa inoti mutamba (n. ladder; ridge timber of a house). Lomwe inoti **eshikata** (n. ladder) vachireva manera.
*Teso inoti adoket (ladder) kureva manera. Mamwe mazwi: akidoka (to climb) kureva kukwira. Fungwa inoti sã́nĩ̀ (n. ladder) kureva manera.
*Bushong vanoti nela (n. dividing  line, margin, mark).

## Mifananidzo yeManera

File:Rough ladder instead of stairs. Nako, HP, India. 2010.jpg|Manera akarukwa nezvitanda, panzvimbo yeDanhiko Nako, HP, India, 2010
File:Hausbuch Wolfegg 53v 53v1 Drehbank Waage Steiggeräte.jpg|Kurudyi kune mhando dzemanera aishandiswa Germany - 15th century
File:COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM De tau-tau van een vorst wordt uit het graf gehaald om opnieuw te worden aangekleed op de begraafplaats der vorsten van Sangalla' TMnr 20000480.jpg|Manera anoshandiwa kukwira miti
File:Échelle Dogon.jpg|Manera echitanda akagadzirwa neVaDogon vari muAfrica
File:Bamboo ladder in Hainan - 02.JPG|Karukirwo kakaita manera emushenjere, akawanda kuChina
File:Maison Doucet.jpg|Manera akarovererwa padenga remba, akasimbiswa nemahuku.
File:LADDER CROSSING.jpg|Lightweight aluminum ladder used in the Khumbu Icefall
Mashara sezita

**Mashara** izita remhuri rinowanikwa muZimbabwe, Kenya neTanzania. 

*Vanhu vane zita iri: Ambrose Mashara, Patrick Mashara, Xavier Mashara, Augustine Mashara, Tina Mashara.
*Mazwi ari pedyo: Musharo, Musharo sezita, Mushara sezita.

## Mitauro yeAfrika

Pano panyorwa mazwi ari pedyo nezita iri kune mimwe mitauro yeAfrika, asi zvinoreva zita zvigona kusiyana zvachose nemazwi ari pasi aya. 

*Hadiyya inoti **maashaalla** (n. kindness; adj. polite, pleasant). 
*Hadiyya inoti **maasha** (adj. 1. polite, 2. courteous, 3. modest, 4. affable).
Rugundiya

Rugundiya izita remhuri rinowanikwa muZimbabwe. 

*Vanhu vane zita iri: Lawrence Rugundiya; Benjamin Rugundiya.
*Mazwi ari pedyo: Gunda sezita, Rugunda sezita, Magunda sezita, kugunda.
*Gunda (Closely packed moving crowd). Regai kuita gunda: do not walk all bunched together.

## Mitauro yeAfrika

Pano panyorwa mazwi ari pedyo nezita iri kune mimwe mitauro yeAfrica, asi zvinoreva zita zvigona kusiyana zvachose nemazwi ari pasi aya. 

*Maconde inoti **likundi** kana **makundi** pakuwanda (n. crowd, company, group) kureva boka.
*Hadiyya inoti gunda (short, dwarf) kureva kupfipika. Gundukko (to be short).
Masera sezita

Masera izita remhuri rinowanikwa muZimbabwe neKenya. 

*Vanhu vane zita iri: Phathutshedzo Masera; Avhasei Masera; Keoagile Masera; Raphael Masera.
*Mazwi ari pedyo: Rusero sezita, Rusero, maserwa.

## Mitauro yeAfrika

Pano panyorwa mazwi ari pedyo nezita iri kune mimwe mitauro yeAfrica, asi zvinoreva zita zvigona kusiyana zvachose nemazwi ari pasi aya. 

*Hadiyya inoti seera (n. regulation, law, rule, culture) kureva mutemo. Mamwe mazwi: seera (n. co-op aid group, help organization).
*Hadiyya inoti seeraamo (adj. lawful; disciplined). Mamwe mazwi: seraata (n. custom; tradition). 
*Hadiyya inoti seeramma (adj. forbidden; restricted). Mamwe mazwi: seerukko (vt. to regulate; to forbid).
*Hadiyya inoti Arkimeedis seera (np. Archimedes Law) kureva Mutemo waArchimedes. Moolli seera (n. community law).
Gavi sezita

Gavi kana Gayi mazita evanhu anowanikwa muZimbabwe. 

*Vanhu vane zita iri: Stanley Gavi; Prosper Gavi; Simbarashe Gavi; Eve Gavi.
*Gavi (tree bark fibre; bast fibre).

## Mitauro yeAfrika

Pano panyorwa mazwi ari pedyo nezita iri kune mimwe mitauro yeAfrica, asi zvinoreva zita zvigona kusiyana zvachose nemazwi ari pasi aya. Pane tarisiro yekuti mitauro yeAfrika inotodzana mazwi.

*Shimakonde inoti likai (n. bark) kureva gavi.
*Hadiyya inoti gawwi (n. a deaf man) kureva matsi.
*Hadiyya inoti gawwa (n. deaf person) vachireva munhu asinganzwi munzeve.
Matoma sezita

Matoma izita revanhu rinowanikwa  muAngola, Congo, Kinshasa neSouth Africa. 

*Vanhu vane zita iri: Matoma Nzola; Bennet Matoma; Remofiloe Matoma; Chritian Matoma.
*Mazwi ari pedyo mukutaurika: Kadomera, Matome sezita.

## Mitauro yeAfrika

Pano panyorwa mazwi ari pedyo nezita iri kune mimwe mitauro yeAfrica, asi zvinoreva zita zvigona kusiyana zvachose nemazwi ari pasi aya. 

*Hadiyya inoti matome (adj. the same) kureva kufanana. Mamwe mazwi: mato (one). Matooma (oneness).
Beria

Beria kana Zaghawa mutauro unowanikwa kuChad neSudan.

## Mazwi Anotodza Shona

*Beria inoti gabile (n. tribe) kureva rudzi. Fananidzai nokuti Kabila?
*Beria inoti dab (n. gold) kureva ndarama. Slanga yekuma 1970-80, dabs zvaireva mari.
*Beria inoti faranî (happy, joyful) kureva kufara.
*Beria inoti mandawa (n. peanut) kureva nzungu.

## Mamwe Mashoko

*Beria inoti dala (n. midwife) kureva nyamukuta.
*Beria inoti dana (n. placenta). Mamwe mazwi: kasu (n. 1. scorpion; 2. colander, strainer, seive).
*Beria inoti dere (prep. in the middle ) kureva pakati.
*Beria inoti embe (n. work) kureva basa.
*Beria inoti ger (v. burp) kureva kugeya.
*Beria inoti guregure (n. circle) kureva dendere.
*Beria inoti gûrû (n. alcohol, millet beer) kureva doro.
*Beria inoti hamî (near) kureva pedyo.
*Beria inoti haya (n. life) kureva hupenyu.
*Beria inoti jajû **kana** jayo (n. centre of the hearth, between the three stones) kureva pakati pechoto.
*Beria inoti jir (adj. blue, green). Mamwe mazwi:  kureva .
*Beria inoti kana (completely) kureva zvakaperera.
*Beria inoti kira (n. mother) kureva amai.
*Beria inoti masamba (n. shade) kureva mumvuri.
*Beria inoti noko (adj. one) kureva rimwe.
*Beria inoti osara (n. family) kureva mhuri.
*Beria inoti suwi (num. two) kureva mbiri.
*Beria inoti ta **kana** tafa (n. head, skull) kureva musoro.
*Beria inoti taka (pro. near) kureva pedyo.
*Beria inoti ter (prep. outside) kureva panze.
*Beria inoti teru (adv. south) kureva chamhembe.
*Beria inoti tum (n. garlic) kureva galiki.
*Beria inoti yom (n. day) kureva musi.
Kambaata

Kambaata mutauro unowanikwa kuEthiopia.

## Mazwi Anotodza Shona

*Kambaata inoti manna (n. people, men) kureva vanhu.
*Kambaata inoti goona (n. male person) kureva munhurume.

## Mamwe Mashoko

*Kambaata inoti mara (n. meat) kureva nyama.
*Kambaata inoti tuma (n. garlic) kureva galiki.
*Kambaata inoti boora (n. bull) kureva bhuru.
*Kambaata inoti ali (top) kureva pamusoro. Mamwe mazwi: aleeni (on top).
*Kambaata inoti dimbu (to become drunk) kureva kudhakwa.
*Kambaata inoti woga (n. custom; culture) kureva tsika.
*Kambaata inoti lugumu (origin, descent) kureva dzinza.
*Kambaata inoti lung-a (adj. weak) kureva kusasimba. Mamwe mazwi: lungimata (weakness).
*Kambaata inoti fura (agent of fermentation e.g. yeast) kureva mbiriso.
*Kambaata inoti gora (n. green, unripe berry or fruit e.g. coffee, beans, oranges, lemons).
*Kambaata inoti sura (n. umblical cord) kureva rukuvhute.
*Kambaata inoti zura (n. ear of grain, ear of coffee)
*Kambaata inoti galla  (n. thigh) kureva chidya.
*Kambaata inoti tolu (v. to cross a river) kureva .
*Kambaata inoti muuza (n. banana) kureva bhanana.
*Kambaata inoti gala (n. shard) kureva chimedu chehari.
*Kambaata inoti mine, mini (n. house) kureva imba. Mineeni (in the house) kureva mumba.
*Kambaata inoti jaata (n. time) kureva nguva.
*Kambaata inoti dango (suddenly, unexpectedly).
*Kambaata inoti bíinin (separately, aside) kureva parutivi.
*Kambaata inoti ammóo (however). Mamwe mazwi tema (just now; in a moment).
*Kambaata inoti angata (n. hand) kureva ruwoko.
*Kambaata inoti lunga (weak) kureva kurukutika.
*Kambaata inoti Maganu (n. God) kureva Mwari.
*Kambaata inoti wassa (n. enset food) kureva kudya kwemuchero webhanana.
*Kambaata inoti seera (n. rule) kureva mutemo.
*Kambaata inoti anna (n. father) kureva baba.
*Kambaata inoti gabiza (n. taro) kureva madhumbe.
Kasekera sezita

Kasekera izita remhuri rinowanikwa muCongo, Kinshasa, Uganda neRwanda. 

*Vanhu vane zita iri: Patrick Kasekera; John Kasekera; Kasekera Munduwandi; Guershom Kasekera.

## Mitauro yeAfrika

Pano panyorwa mazwi ari pedyo nezita iri kune mimwe mitauro yeAfrica, asi zvinoreva zita zvigona kusiyana zvachose nemazwi ari pasi aya. 

*Kikongo inoti eseke (n. beach; land).
Mburu sezita

Mburu izita remhuri rinowanikwa muKenya. 

*Vanhu vane zita iri: Ruth Mburu; Jedidah Mburu; Mburu Kimani; Kendi Mburu, Damaris Mburu.

## Mitauro yeAfrika

Pano panyorwa mazwi ari pedyo nezita iri kune mimwe mitauro yeAfrica, asi zvinoreva zita zvigona kusiyana zvachose nemazwi ari pasi aya. Pane tarisiro yekuti mitauro yeAfrika inotodzana mazwi. 

*Kwangwali inoti mburu (n. honey badger) kureva chitsere.
*Mbukushu inoti mburu (n. leguan) kureva mupurwa.
Mbambi sezita

**Mbambi** izita revanhu rinowanikwa kuSouth Africa, Congo, Kinshasa, Namibia neAngola. 

*Vanhu vane zita iri: Raul Mbambi; Gamael Mbambi; Ernest Mbambi; Ntokozo Mbambi.

## Mitauro yeBantu

Pano panyorwa mazwi ari pedyo nezita iri kune mimwe mitauro yeChiBantu, asi zvinoreva zita zvigona kusiyana zvachose nemazwi ari pasi aya. 

*Rukwangwali inoti mbambi (n. springbok) kureva tsepe?.
Horongo sezita

**Horongo** izita revanhu rinowanikwa kuNamibia. 

*Vanhu vane zita iri: Pauline Horongo; Samueline Horongo; Horongo Tuahuku; Ntokozo Horongo.

## Mitauro yeBantu

Pano panyorwa mazwi ari pedyo nezita iri kune mimwe mitauro yeChiBantu, asi zvinoreva zita zvigona kusiyana zvachose nemazwi ari pasi aya. 

*Rukwangwali inoti horongo (n. kudu) kureva nhoro.
Kakonda sezita

**Kakonda** izita remhuri rinowanikwa muAnghola, Malawi, Namibhiya neZambia.

*Vanhu vane zita iri: Jordan Kakonda; Benhard Kakonda; Kakonda Phiri; Eva Kakonda.
*Mazita ari pedyo: Chakonda, Chikonde, Mukondi, Nyamukondiwa, Kondiwa, Rukondo, Mukonda, makonzwa.

## Mitauro ye Chibanthu

Pano panyorwa mazwi ari pedyo nezita iri kune mime mitauro ye Chibanthu, asi zvinoreva zita zvigona kusiyana zvachose nemazwi ari pasi aya. 

*Herero vanoti **konda** (v. cut through or off; crop; shear; amputate; behead; apportion). Mamwe mazwi: **konda** (v. cut off; put an end to; exclude; excommunicate).
*Herero vanoti **konda** (v. to cross a river or plain; crossover). Mamwe mazwi: **oku-konda** (n. brevity, briefness, cutting short).
*Mambwe inoti **mukonda** (strap of rawhide) kureva rupande rwedehwe risina kushandwa. VaKomo vanoti **mokonda** (n. world) kureva pasirose.
Mursi

Mursi mutauro unowanikwa kuEthiopia.

## Mazwi Anotodza Bantu

*Mursi inoti bele (v. create, reproduce) kureva kubereka.
*Mursi inoti dira (v. to anoint) kureva kuzodza.
*Mursi inoti cheka (v. laugh) kureva kuseka.
*Mursi inoti shorrosa (v. urinate) kureva kuita weti. Mamwe mazwi: shorra (n. urine).

## Mamwe Mashoko

*Mursi inoti alli (n. chair, stool, headrest) kureva chigaro.
*Mursi inoti ara (n. stop, clear up - of rain) kureva kukasa.
*Mursi inoti bangi (n. pond, pool, small lake) kureva dziva.
*Mursi inoti bawa (v. recover, get better) kureva kupembenuka.
*Mursi inoti bhela (v. divide, split) kureva kutsemura.
*Mursi inoti bhênêni (n. relative) kureva hama. Mamwe mazwi: shashi (n. white cotton head band; bandage).
*Mursi inoti bhori (n. ethnic group, tribe) kureva dzinza. Mamwe mazwi: bhorinya (n. ethnic groups) kureva madzinza.
*Mursi inoti choba (v. kiss) kureva kutsvoda. Mamwe mazwi: nyida (n. teeth) kureva mazino.
*Mursi inoti choi (n. salt) kureva munyu. Mamwe mazwi: nyaba (n. blood) kureva ropa.
*Mursi inoti dada (n. father) kureva baba. Mamwe mazwi: shilo; shile (v. stand).
*Mursi inoti **dami** kana **daminya** pakuwanda (n. custom, law) kureva tsika. 
*Mursi inoti dunga (deaf) kureva matsi. Mamwe mazwi: sowa (follow e.g. a river).
*Mursi inoti dhiyo (beside) kureva parutivi. Mamwe mazwi: suso (v, drain).
*Mursi inoti dhone (num. one) kureva posi. Mamwe mazwi: nyambarr (n. anthrax).
*Mursi inoti eresê (n. ford, river crossing) kureva zambuko.
*Mursi inoti gai (n. bush, uninhabited area) kureva dondo. 
*Mursi inoti gama (n. marriage) kureva wanano. Mamwe mazwi: gasa (n. work party).
*Mursi inoti gasha (n. shield) kureva nhoo. Mamwe mazwi: kaiyo; kayo (n. tongue) kureva rurimi.
*Mursi inoti goro (n.  road, way, path) kureva nzira.
*Mursi inoti gulu (n. navel) kureva guvhu. Mamwe mazwi: shune (n. father).
*Mursi inoti gushuro (n. hyena) kureva bere. Mamwe mazwi: kangai (n. baboon) kureva gudo.
*Mursi inoti ikanga (step over) kureva kucharika?.
*Mursi inoti isee (num. eight) kureva sere. Mamwe mazwi: tan (n. side; part).
*Mursi inoti jare (n. foot, leg) kureva gumbo.
*Mursi inoti kabi (n. clan) kureva dzinza. Mamwe mazwi: liwa; liba (n. sorghum) kureva mapfunde.
*Mursi inoti kareni (n. downstream, south) kureva chamhembe.
*Mursi inoti kiango (n. stomach, centre) kureva dumbu kana pakati.
*Mursi inoti kilung (n. old settlement site) kureva dongo. Mamwe mazwi: uro (n. milk).
*Mursi inoti kuru (n. plain (landscape); lowland). Mamwe mazwi: takanya (adj. short; stumpy).
*Mursi inoti kwikwi (n. small black ant) kureva svosve dema.
*Mursi inoti lushoi (n. rainbow) kureva murarabungu. Mamwe mazwi: tarra (n. taste).
*Mursi inoti luwi (potted, multi-color). Mamwe mazwi: mere (n. son’s wife, daughter-in-law) kureva muroora.
*Mursi inoti Tummu (n. God, sky) kureva Mwari.
Oromo

Oromo mutauro unowanikwa kuChad neSudan.

## Mazwi Anotodza Shona

*Oromo inoti d () kureva .
*Oromo inoti d () kureva .
*Oromo inoti d () kureva .
*Oromo inoti d () kureva .
*Oromo inoti d () kureva .
*Oromo inoti d () kureva .
*Oromo inoti d () kureva .
*Oromo inoti d () kureva .
*Oromo inoti d () kureva .
*Oromo inoti d () kureva .
*Oromo inoti d () kureva .
*Oromo inoti d () kureva .

## Mamwe Mashoko

*Oromo inoti katale (smart, clever) kureva kuchenjera.
*Oromo inoti kotu (to farm) kureva kurima.
*Oromo inoti kuti (cut) kureva kucheka.
*Oromo inoti goga (animal skin) kureva dehwe.
*Oromo inoti d () kureva .
*Oromo inoti d () kureva .
*Oromo inoti d () kureva .
*Oromo inoti d () kureva .
*Oromo inoti d () kureva .
*Oromo inoti d () kureva .
*Oromo inoti d () kureva .
*Oromo inoti d () kureva .
*Oromo inoti d () kureva .
*Oromo inoti d () kureva .
*Oromo inoti d () kureva .
*Oromo inoti d () kureva .
*Oromo inoti d () kureva .
*Oromo inoti d () kureva .
*Oromo inoti d () kureva .
*Oromo inoti d () kureva .
*Oromo inoti d () kureva .
*Oromo inoti d () kureva .
*Oromo inoti d () kureva .
*Oromo inoti d () kureva .
*Oromo inoti d () kureva .
*Oromo inoti d () kureva .
Konjera sezita

Konjera izita remhuri rinowanikwa muMalawi. 

*Vanhu vane zita iri: Konjera Banda; Loveness Konjera; Braswell Konjera; Benjamin Konjera.

## Mitauro yeAfrika

Pano panyorwa mazwi ari pedyo nezita iri kune mimwe mitauro yeAfrica, asi zvinoreva zita zvigona kusiyana zvachose nemazwi ari pasi aya. 

*Luganda inoti okukonjera (v. slander) kureva kumhura.
Shilongo sezita

Shilongo izita remhuri rinowanikwa muNamibia. 

*Vanhu vane zita iri: Herman Shilongo; Kornelius Shilongo; Ndeyapo Shilongo; Toivo Shilongo.

## Mitauro yeAfrika

Pano panyorwa mazwi ari pedyo nezita iri kune mimwe mitauro yeAfrica, asi zvinoreva zita zvigona kusiyana zvachose nemazwi ari pasi aya. 

*Kwanyama inoti oshilongo (n. country).
Lupasa sezita

Lupasa izita remhuri rinowanikwa muCongo, Kinshasa neZambia. 

*Vanhu vane zita iri: Kayombo Lupasa; Eric Lupasa; Nyundu Lupasa; Lipsan Lupasa.

## Mitauro yeAfrika

Pano panyorwa mazwi ari pedyo nezita iri kune mimwe mitauro yeAfrica, asi zvinoreva zita zvigona kusiyana zvachose nemazwi ari pasi aya. 

*Mbukushu inoti rupasha (n. plate) kureva ndiro.
Mudereki sezita

**Mudereki** izita remhuri rinowanikwa muZimbabwe. 

*Vanhu vane zita iri: Kudakwashe Mudereki.
*Mazwi ari pedyo: Chadereka sezita, Mudereri sezita, Taderera sezita, ; Derera sezita.

## Mitauro yeAfrika

Pano panyorwa mazwi ari pedyo nezita iri kune mimwe mitauro yeAfrika, asi zvinoreva zita zvigona kusiyana zvachose nemazwi ari pasi aya.

*Zigula inoti **kudeleka** (v. to smooth). Zigula inoti **kudelesa** (v. to level, make smooth).
*Zigula inoti **kudeleza** (v. to slacken, loosen, level, make smooth).
*Uyo Ibibio inoti deere (become spread all over; overflow (of water, sand, weeds, grass) become laid out, spread out flat).
Chaerera sezita

**Chaerera** izita remhuri rinowanikwa muZimbabwe. 

*Vanhu vane zita iri: Rudo Chaerera; Shalom Chaerera; Edward Chaerera; Nyasha Chaerera.

## Mitauro yeAfrika

Pano panyorwa mazwi ari pedyo nezita iri kune mimwe mitauro yeAfrika, asi zvinoreva zita zvigona kusiyana zvachose nemazwi ari pasi aya.

*Nyanja vanoti **kuyera** (of whiteness, cleanliness, brightness, clearness, clarity, purity, holiness) kureva kuchena. Herero inoti **oru-era** (fullness, rising).
*Herero inoti yera (to shine, be bright). Mamwe mazwi: oku-yere (n. open plain as opposed to dark bushy parts). Umbundu inoti yela (n. white, clean) kureva huchena.
Mudeme sezita

Mudeme izita remhuri rinowanikwa muZimbabwe neSouth Africa. 

*Vanhu vane zita iri: Ereck Mudeme; Everjoice Mudeme; Chfhiwa Mudeme; Tsumbe Mudeme.

## Mitauro yeAfrika

Pano panyorwa mazwi ari pedyo nezita iri kune mimwe mitauro yeAfrica, asi zvinoreva zita zvigona kusiyana zvachose nemazwi ari pasi aya. 

*Uyo Ibibio inoti deeme (v.  share, divide among).
Udorongodzwa hwe nhangande dze mushonga

*<small>Tarisai futi [[Nhangande yeMushonga|Nhangande dzemushonga]] uye [[Nhangande]]</small>*

**Nhangande dze mushonga** zvinoreva ku Chingezi kuti *chemical elements*. Peji rinori ndere **udorongodzwa hwe nhangande dze mushonga,** kureva nhangande dzinowanikwa mutafura ye rupotero mu Chishona.

Mashoko aripano anogona kunge asingawanikwi kuChishona chamazuva ose, izvi ndezvekuda kwekuti tiri kuzama kuumba mutauro saka mamwe mashoko arikutogwa kubva mimwe mitauro ye Chibantu kana yemuno muAfurika. Uyezve mamwe mashoko anenge achitoorwa kubva kwaakabva senge Chiratini, Chigiriki, Chiarabhu (kana Chiswahiri), Chiperusiya uye wo Chiijipita Chekare (Chikemeti).

Chimwe chinhu chokuziva ndechokuti Chishona chakagara chichikumbira mashoko kubva kumimwe mitauro senge Chiputukezi, Chiswahiri, Chingezi, Chibhunu. Pamusoro pezvo tinotora kubva kumitauro iri muboka remitauro ye Chivanhu (Chishona) senge: Chikaranga, Chindau, Chimanyika, Chizezuru, Chikalanga, Chinambya uye mimwe ine hukama huri pedyo senge Chivhenda, Chitonga kana Chitsonga.

## Udorongodzwa

## Mabviro eruzivo
Dunhu (tsauranisa chirevo)

**Dunhu, DUNHU** kana **dunhu** ishoko reChishona rinoshandisirwa mashoko arizasiyo:

* Dunhu - kureva (*province*)

## Mamwe mashandisirwo mu

### Nyika
* dunhudiki - (district)
* Unda - kureva (*land; area*)
* Dawara - (teritori)
* chisi - kureva *rhijoni* ne Chishongrish kutodza Chingezi - *region*

### Kupimha
* Nhambwe (*distance*).
* Mhene (nyika) kana matunhu pakuwanda (Open veld especially on a slope).

### Gemhu
* **Dunhu mutambo** - kureva dhojabhora, (gemhu re dodge-ball)

## Mitauro ye Chibantu

* Lozi vanoti **silalo** (n. district) kureva dunhu. Sokuti: **Silalo sa Kalabo** (Kalabo district).
Yanda Dom

Yanda Dom mutauro weDogon unowanikwa kuMali.

## Mazwi Anotodza Bantu
*Yanda inoti dom (talk, speech, language) kureva mutauro.
*Yanda inoti kam (v. squeeze) kureva kukama. Fananidzai nokukama mombe.
*Yanda inoti ta (v. shoot) kureva kupfura. 
*Yanda inoti yemela (weep). Fananidzai nokuti kuyemera.
*Yanda inoti  nàmà (n. meat) kureva nyama. 

## Mamwe Mashoko

*Yanda inoti kondo (n. rock dassie) kureva mbira.
*Yanda inoti  gùlúmba (n. pigeon) kureva pijoni.
*Yanda inoti pɛ́nzà (n. vetiveria grass). Mamwe mazwi: jeme (black) kureva hutema.
*Yanda inoti pɛ́tɛ̀/pátà (adv. flat and broad). Mamwe mazwi: bedu (adj. near) kureva pedo.
*Yanda inoti simbe (roast; grill) kureva kugocha. Mamwe mazwi:  dènélè (round).
*Yanda inoti zin (take away, convey) kureva kubvisa. Mamwe mazwi: sin (full after eating) kureva kuguta. 
*Yanda inoti kan (v. do) kureva kuita. Mamwe mazwi: kondiye (be bent) kureva kukombama.
*Yanda inoti namu (step on) kureva kutsika. Mamwe mazwi: namule (take foot off).
*Yanda inoti ban (beat tomtoms - a type of musical drums) kureva kurova ngoma.
*Yanda inoti dambu (v. push) kureva kusunda. Mamwe mazwi: jenje (be tilted, bent).
*Yanda inoti dande (do something well) kureva kuita chinhu zvakanaka. Mamwe mazwi: kunzu (n. knee) kureva ibvi.
*Yanda inoti kumulo (v. untie) kureva kukumura. Mamwe mazwi: inju (n. water) kureva mvura.
*Yanda inoti dumo (n. rear end) kureva besu. Mamwe mazwi: dɔ̀rɔ́ (testicles) kureva machende.
*Yanda inoti tondolo (n. star) kureva nyenyedzi. Mamwe mazwi: namba (up to now; still) kureva .
*Yanda inoti zǎŋ (v. study) kureva kustadha. Mamwe mazwi: yàmbí-yɛ́ (v. cover self).
*Yanda inoti jɛ̀ŋú-lɛ́ (v. straighten out) kureva kutamura. Mamwe mazwi: Amba (n. God) kureva Mwari.
*Yanda inoti kanda (even used here for emphasis: e.g. even a child can do it). Mamwe mazwi: kanda (new) kureva idzva.
*Yanda inoti tuma (one, once) kureva kamwe. Mamwe mazwi: noa (v.i. go in) kureva pinda. 
*Yanda inoti cinda (n. liver) kureva chiropa. Mamwe mazwi: cinza (n. nose) kureva mhuno.
*Yanda inoti kombo (n. war) kureva hondo. Mamwe mazwi: ya (exist; real) kureva kuvapo.
*Yanda inoti mumbu (n. association) kureva sangano. Mamwe mazwi: ene (n. child) kureva mwana.
*Yanda inoti dembul (thick, massive). Mamwe mazwi: pile (adj. white) kureva huchena.
*Yanda inoti ban (adj. red) kureva tsvuku. Mamwe mazwi: bebele (small) kureva diki.
*Yanda inoti siye (good) kureva kunaka. Mamwe mazwi: sere (diluted) kureva kutuvidza.
*Yanda inoti kolo (raw, unripe, fresh) kureva mbishi. Mamwe mazwi: jela/gela (hold, have).
*Yanda inoti sema (v. slaughter) kureva kubaya mhuka. Mamwe mazwi: bele (v. get) kureva kutora.
*Yanda inoti kunde (v. put). Mamwe mazwi: suwo (go down).
*Yanda inoti taba (v. touch) kureva .
Bhokisi

**Bhokisi** (nge. *Box*) kutodza Chingezi, uye pahuwandu mabhokisi. Ikondena rinoshandiswa kuchengeta zvinhu kana kuduta zvinhu.

## Mamwe mapeji ekutarisa:

* Kondena
* Storeji
* Dutiso (transport).

## Mitauro yeAfrika

*Uyo Ibibio inoti **akebe** (n. box) kureva bhokisi.
Bwinga

*<sup>Peji rino rinoda kuverengwa ne kuhadziriswa.</sup>*

**Bwinga** (Nge. flesh) kureva imhando ye nyama. 

## Mamwe mapeji:

* Nyama 

* Mwiri

## Mabviro eruzivo
Changamire

**Changamire** (Nge. sir) izita uye idumidzo zvinoreva kuti **[[Bwana]].**

## Mamwe mapeji ekutarisa:

* Bwana
* Tenzi
* Sa-
* Nya-
Bwana

**Bwana** (Nge. Sir, Mr.) idumidzo reChishona rinoshandiswa kuvarume..

Mashoko anenge **Bwana**, **Murungu** nezvimwe wo aiwanzo shandiswa kare kuvanhu vaive nechinzvimbo chikuru vachitariswa ne Vashona. Senge Varemba vainzi varungu.

Mutsika ye Chishona vanhu vakuru vanoisirwa chivakashure **[[Va-]]** pazita kuratidza chiremekedzo. Senge kuti VaJabulani kana VaMirai.

## Ringai zve:

* Changamire
* Sa-

## Mabviro eruzivo:
Mukonzo sezita

Mukonzo izita remhuri rinowanikwa muZimbabwe, Uganda neKenya. 

*Vanhu vane zita iri: Hannington Mukonzo, Julia Mukonzo, Jackson Mukonzo, Takawira Mukonzo.
*Mazwi ari Pedyo: Mukonza; Makonza sezita; Chakonza sezita; Kakonza; makonzwa.
*Chikonzi (messenger, vassal, voluntary servant).
*Tarisai chinyorwa chinonzi kukonza.

## Mitauro yeBantu

Pano panyorwa mazwi ari pedyo nezita iri kune mimwe mitauro yeChiBantu, asi zvinoreva zita zvigona kusiyana zvachose nemazwi ari pasi aya. 

*Xilenge vanoti kukonza (n. to be under some one, as one's landlord, master, etc.). Fananidzai nokuti makonzwa?
*MaZulu vanoti umkhonzo (Present sent with greetings, as an expression of regard or loyalty; token of remembrance; keepsake). 
*MaZulu vanoti umkhonzo (Plant of the Hypericum species).
*MaZulu vanoti umkhonzi (1. Worshipper. 2. Attendant. 3. Vassal). Mamwe mazwi: inkonzo (Service, vassalage, homage; subjection to a chief).
*VaChewa vanoti konza (to correct, to mend, to repair, to put right, to beautify). VaBemba vanoti mukonso (n. leg, trunk, stem) kureva gumbo.
Mukura sezita

Mukura izita remhuri rinowanikwa muZimbabwe, Kenya neRwanda. 

*Vanhu vane zita iri: Nyasha Mukura; Nkosilathi Mukura; Zoe Mukura; Peter Mukura.

## Mitauro yeBantu

Pano panyorwa mazwi ari pedyo nezita iri kune mimwe mitauro yeChiBantu, asi zvinoreva zita zvigona kusiyana zvachose nemazwi ari pasi aya. 

*Luwanga inoti **omukula** (n. slave, one bought) kureva muranda.
*Lenje inoti mukula (n. Trail of thing dragged - and so a continuous line, track) kureva mukondo.
Chakonda sezita

Chakonda izita remhuri rinowanikwa muZimbabwe. 

*Vanhu vane zita iri: Rudo Chakonda; Charity Chakonda; Rumbidzai Chakonda; Nyasha Chakonda.
*Mazwi ari pedyo: Chakonza sezita, Chikonde, Mukondi, Nyamukondiwa, Kondiwa, Rukondo, Mukonda, Kakonda, makonzwa.

## Mitauro yeAfrika

Pano panyorwa mazwi ari pedyo nezita iri kune mimwe mitauro yeChiBantu, asi zvinoreva zita zvigona kusiyana zvachose nemazwi ari pasi aya.

*Herero inoti **konda** (v. go over or through as in crossing a river or with sharp insturment in cutting off). Mamwe mazwi: **konda** (v. overstep the boundary; cross river or plain; crossover). 
*Herero inoti **Konda** kana **kondeka** (v. cut off or cut through; put an end to; discontinue). VaLozi vanoti **-kondelela** (to be thoroughly successful) kureva kubudirira zvachose. 
*Lozi inoti **-konda** (v.i. to be successful. prosperous) kureva kubudirira. Mamwe mazwi: **-kondisa** (caus. to make a success of something) kureva kukonzeresa kubudirira.
*Kimbundu inoti **kukondama** (v. stay assured; stay safe). Mamwe mazwi: **kukondamesa** (v. asylum; to secure; make safe). **Kukonda uxiri** (v. favor; smooth; comfort).
*Kimbundu inoti **kondoka** (v. turn back, return). Mamwe mazwi: **kondola** (v. cut, carve, make round, trim a gourd).
Chibviko

**Chibviko** (Nge. *profit, gain*)

Mumazuva anhasi shoko rokuti chibviko, rinoshandiswa pamusoro pe chibviko che *uakawundi (accounting)* kureva mari inopuhwa munhu ashanda (*income*), chibviko che ikonomi nezvimwe wo.

## Mamwe mapeji ekutarisa:

* Budiriro

## Mabviro eruzivo
Chikondamoyo

Chikondamoyo chibhanzi chine cream yeruvara ruchena kana pinki.

## Mitauro yeBantu

Pano panyorwa mazwi ari pedyo nezita iri kune mimwe mitauro yeChiBantu, asi zvinoreva zita zvigona kusiyana zvachose nemazwi ari pasi aya.

*Chewa inoti kukonda (love, like, cherish, prefer). Mamwe mazwi: **kukonza** (v. to correct a mistake; adjust, adapt, fit, suit, make suitable, mend, remedy, purify) kureva kugadzirisa.
*Chewa inoti **kukonza** (v. to decorate, make oneself tidy, to dress food, garnish, ornament, prepare - make ready) kureva kushongedza.
*Kimbundu vanoti **kukondama** (v. stay assured; stay safe). Mamwe mazwi: **kukondamesa** (v. asylum; to secure; make safe). **Kukonda uxiri** (v. favor; smooth; comfort).
*Kimbundu inoti **kondoka** (v. turn back, return). Mamwe mazwi: **kondola** (v. cut, carve, make round, trim a gourd).
*VaNyungwe vanoti **kukondza** (to do; work; create; repair). Mamwe mazwi **kukondzeka** (to be ready).
Chizezuru

Chizezuru mutauro  unotaurwa nevanhu vazhinji veChivanhu vanogara mu Zimbabwe  nekuti Sitandadhi Shona inotora mashoko kuba kuChizezuru nemamwe mashoma kubva kumimwe mitauro yechiShona.
Chikonzi chedare

Chikonzi (Messenger of Court) zvinoreva munhu anotumwa nedare remhosva kunosvitsa mashoko kana kuita murayiro watarwa nedare riri kutonga mhosva. Uyu munhu hatatonge mhosva kwete asi anongova mutumwa.

## Mitauro yeBantu

Pano panyorwa mazwi ari pedyo nezita iri kune mimwe mitauro yeChiBantu, asi zvinoreva zita zvigona kusiyana zvachose nemazwi ari pasi aya. 

*Nyungwe inoti **kukondza** (to do; work; create; repair). Mamwe mazwi **kukondzeka** (to be ready). Sokuti **kukondzeka ulendo** (pack - for a journey)
*VaTonga vanoti **kukonzya** (have the ability) kureva kuva unogona.
*MaZulu vanoti **isikhonzi** (Messenger, vassal, voluntary servant.). MaZulu vanoti **isikhonzi** (Choir boy; altar attendant).
*MaZulu vanoti **inkonzo** (Service, vassalage, homage; subjection to a chief).
*MaZulu vanoti **umkhonzo** (Present sent with greetings, as an expression of regard or loyalty; token of remembrance; keepsake).

## Mazwi ari Pedyo

*Mukonzo (family name) izita remhuri.
*Muchuchisi (court prosecutor).