open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Foshoro

**Foshoro** (kureva *shovel*) iturusi unoshandiswa kuchera , kusimudza nekufambisa zvinhu zvakawanda zvakaita sevhu , marasha , matombo , sinuu , jecha kana simbi . 

Mafoshoro mazhinji maturusi emaoko ane blade yakafara yakamisikidzwa pamubato wepakati nepakati. Mapadza efoshoro anowanzo gadzirwa nesimbi yepepa kana mapurasitiki akaoma uye akasimba zvikuru. Mibato yefoshoro inowanzogadzirwa nematanda (kunyanya marudzi chaiwo akadai sedota kana maple ) kana plastiki yakasimbiswa negirazi (fiberglass).

## Mamwe mashoko

* Turusi kureva *tool*
Hunhu (tsauranisa chirevo)

**Hunhu, unhu, wunhu, vunhu,** kana **uvunhu**

Zvinoreva zvinotevera

* Hunhu - kureva maitiro emunhu (*humanness, character*)
* Ugondamano we hunhu - kureva ugondamano we *ubuntu*
Nkhadze sezita

Nkhadze izita remhuri rinowanikwa muMalawi. 

*Vanhu vane zita iri: Chimwemwe Nkhadze; Chrissy Nkhadze; Monica Nkhadze; Shirah Nkhadze.

## Mitauro yeAfrika

Pano panyorwa mazwi ari pedyo nezita iri kune mimwe mitauro yeAfrica, asi zvinoreva zita zvigona kusiyana zvachose nemazwi ari pasi aya. Pane tarisiro yekuti mitauro yeAfrika inotodzana mazwi.

*Venda inoti **mutungu** (n. pencil cactus).
*Chewa inoti **nkhadze** (n. pencil cactus).
*Bemba inoti **ulunsonga** kana **lunsonga** (n. pencil cactus).
*Shona inoti **kanyan'anya** (n. pencil cactus).
Chironzo (tsauranisa chirevo)

**Chironzo** zvinoreva zvirizasiyo

* Chironzo - kureva mutemo, mronzo

## Zita

* Chironzo (sezita) - richishandiswa sezita remhuri

## Zvematare

* Chironzo chiito chinoitwa nemunhu anonzi nhume. Munhu uyu anotumwa neshoko kune vamwe vanhu vari kunzvimbo yekure. Iyi inzira yekufambisa shoko pasichigare.

## Mamwe mashandisirwo:

* Muronzo, Mronzo - kureva *edict*.

* Chironzo kutaura mashoko abvawo kune mumwe munhu semakuhwa....by Lester T M
Murairo

**Murairo** (kureva *commandment; command*)

## Mamwe mashoko:

* Murao/muraho - kureva command; edict
* hurahwo, urahwo - policy
* Mronzo
* Chironzo
Allah

**Allah** (Chiarabhu: الله, muchirhoma: *Allāh*) ishoko rinjee reChiarabhu renoshandiswa kureva Mwari. MuChingezi, shoko iri rinowanzo dudzirwa Mwari muUyisalama. Ishoko rinofungidzirwa kunzi rakavambwa kubva pakupfupiswa pemazwi okuti *al-ilāh*, kureva "mwari", uye rinehukama paururumi ne mashoko eChiaramu okuti Elah ne eChisiriya ܐܲܠܵܗܵܐ (ʼAlāhā) uye eChihebheru okuti *El* (*Elohim*) kureva Mwari. Mhando yekuti Allah yechikadzi inofungidzirwa kuve shoko rokuti Allat.

Shoko rokuti *Allah* rakagara richishandiswa ne Vaarabhu vanonamta zvinamato zvakasiyana kubva munguva ye mushure meUyisalama. Maarabhu ekushure kwe Uyisalama ainamata munamatwi mukurukuru avaiti Allah, uye pamwe ne vamwe vanamatwi vaive vadoko musimba. Muhammad akashandisa shoko rokuti *Allah* kukombisa zanodzamu rokuti Mwari. *Allah* akagara achishandiswa seneno rokuti Mwari ne Vasalama (vose vechiArabhu ne vasiri) uye kunyangwe ne Vakristu vechiArabhu kunyangwe muketevera meneno rokuti "al-ilāh" na "Allah" watanga kushandiswa zvinopesanisana muChiarabhu Chekare ne uzhinji hwe Vaarabhu vainge vave Vasalama. Rinoshandiswa wo kahobho, ne Vabhabhi, Vabhaha'i, Vamandaa, Vaindonesi uye Vakristu vekuMaruta, pamwe ne Vajudha vechiSefaradhi, pamwe ne Vagagauzi. Kushandiswa kumwechete neVakristu uye Vasikhi vekuMalayizha yeMadokero kwakapedzisira kwakonzera migogo yehutonganyika uye mronzo.

## Mamwe mashoko:

* Kukombisa - kureva *to indicate*
* hutonganyika - *politics*
* mronzo - kureva *legal,* kuronzeka *(to be legal)*
Chisiriya

**Chisiriya, Chisurya** (Chisirya Chekare: ܠܫܢܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܐ‎ / *Leššānā Sūryāyā, Leshono Suryoyo*) mutauronyina weChiaramu wakavamba muZanagore riMotsi AD kubva mumutauronyina weChiaramu waiereketwa ne Vaaramu muumambo weOsroene wechiAramu, kuchipakati cheguta re Edhesa (kureva *Edessa*).

## Ruambainzwi
Chisirya chine zvinzvanyira zvikumimairi nembiri

## Ringai zve:

* Uvaranomwe weChisiriya
Chimutanda sezita

**Chimutanda** izita remhuri rinowanikwa muZimbabwe.

*Vanhu vane zita iri:  Chimutanda; Chimutanda;  Chimutanda;  Chimutanda.

## Mitauro yeBantu

Pano panyorwa mazwi ari pedyo nezita iri kune mime mitauro yeChiBantu, asi zvinoreva zita zvigona kusiyana zvachose nemazwi ari pasi aya. Pane tarisiro yekuti mitauro yeBantu inotodzana mazwi.

*Herero vanoti **omutanda** (boy in youth) kureva jaya remukomana.
*Chewa inoti **kutanda** (to span or stretch across - as a bridge; outstretch) kureva kutandavadza.
*Chewa inoti **kutanda** (to carry between two) kureva kutembedzana.
Kusungira

*Kusungira (tradition of taking care of first time mother at her parents home).
*Kusungira (to tie on).
Mukumbula sezita

**Mukumbula** izita remhuri rinowanikwa muZimbabwe. 

*Vanhu vane zita iri: Mbombo Mukumbula; Soba Mukumbula; Mukumbula Siyamuyembe; Emman Mukumbula.

## Mitauro yeAfrika

Pano panyorwa mazwi ari pedyo nezita iri kune mimwe mitauro yeAfrica, asi zvinoreva zita zvigona kusiyana zvachose nemazwi ari pasi aya. Pane tarisiro yekuti mitauro yeAfrika inotodzana mazwi.

*Chewa inoti **kukumbula** (v. to store - to lay by; to accumulate by saving).
Mwambi sezita

**Mwambi** izita remhuri rinowanikwa muZambia neTanzania. 

*Vanhu vane zita iri: Lillian Mwambi; Cedric Mwambi; Leah Mwambi; Fausta Mwambi.

## Mitauro yeAfrika

Pano panyorwa mazwi ari pedyo nezita iri kune mimwe mitauro yeAfrica, asi zvinoreva zita zvigona kusiyana zvachose nemazwi ari pasi aya. Pane tarisiro yekuti mitauro yeAfrika inotodzana mazwi.

*Chewa inoti **mwambi** kana **miambi** (n. narration; a story; precept; account; statement; anecdote).
*Chewa inoti **mwambi** kana **miambi** (n. tradition; law - custom of a people; history).
Masungiro

Masungiro kana **kusungira** zvinoreva tsika yekupereka mukadzi ane mimba yekutanga kuvabereki vake, panguva iyo mimba inenge yakura. Chinangwa chekusungira ndechekuti mukadzi ane mimba pamwe nemwana mutsva vawane kuchengetwa kumusha kwemukadzi. Mukadzi anosungirwa kana mazuva ekusungunuka ave kusvika.

## Mitauro yeBantu

*Chewa inoti **kusungira** (v. to care for; to care for; to protect).
*Chewa inoti **kusunga olendo** (v. to entertain; to receive into the house).
*Chewa inoti **kusunga** kana **kusungira** (v. to reserve' store - to lay by).
Kuchanja sezita

Kuchanja izita remhuri rinowanikwa muKenya. 

*Vanhu vane zita iri: Alphonce Kuchanja; Rachael Kuchanja; Kuchanja Hamisi; William Kuchanja.

## Mitauro yeAfrika

Pano panyorwa mazwi ari pedyo nezita iri kune mimwe mitauro yeAfrica, asi zvinoreva zita zvigona kusiyana zvachose nemazwi ari pasi aya. Pane tarisiro yekuti mitauro yeAfrika inotodzana mazwi.

*Swahili inoti **kuchanja** (n. platform for laying plates for drying) kureva dara rendiro.
*Luvale inoti **katambo** (n. platform for laying plates for drying) kureva dara rendiro.
Mbai sezita

Mbai izita remhuri rinowanikwa muBotswana, neZambia. 

*Vanhu vane zita iri: Thuso Mbai; Cicilia Mbai; Mbai Changwe; Portia Mbai.

## Mitauro yeAfrika

Pano panyorwa mazwi ari pedyo nezita iri kune mimwe mitauro yeAfrica, asi zvinoreva zita zvigona kusiyana zvachose nemazwi ari pasi aya. Pane tarisiro yekuti mitauro yeAfrika inotodzana mazwi.

*Uyo Ibibio inoti **mbai** (n. piece, half piece) kureva mbai.
Senyane sezita

Senyane izita remhuri rinowanikwa muSouth Africa. 

*Vanhu vane zita iri: Naledi Senyane; Matseliso Senyane; Mathabo Senyane; Liteboho Senyane.

## Mitauro yeAfrika

Pano panyorwa mazwi ari pedyo nezita iri kune mimwe mitauro yeAfrica, asi zvinoreva zita zvigona kusiyana zvachose nemazwi ari pasi aya. Pane tarisiro yekuti mitauro yeAfrika inotodzana mazwi.

*Sepedi inoti **senyane** (n. nine) kureva zvinoita pfumbamwe.
Nzira sezita

Nzira izita remhuri rinowanikwa muZimbabwe. 

*Vanhu vane zita iri: Gumisai Nzira; Rutendo Nzira; Tapiwa Nzira; Dumisani Nzira.

## Mitauro yeAfrika

Pano panyorwa mazwi ari pedyo nezita iri kune mimwe mitauro yeAfrica, asi zvinoreva zita zvigona kusiyana zvachose nemazwi ari pasi aya. Pane tarisiro yekuti mitauro yeAfrika inotodzana mazwi.

*Bambara inoti sira (n. road; path) kureva nzira.
*Chewa inoti njira (n. road; path) kureva nzira.
Uko

Uko (adv. Over there) izwi rinoshandiswa kureva nzvimbo iri kure iri kunongedzwa.

*Mamwe mazwi: umo; uyo,iro

## Mitauro yeAfrika

*Uyo Ibibio inoti **uko** kana **ko** (adv: there, over there, yonder.) kureva uko
Lutala sezita

Lutala izita remhuri rinowanikwa muCongo Kinshasa, neBurundi. 

*Vanhu vane zita iri: Elsa Lutala; Emmanuel Lutala; Marie Lutala; Elysee Lutala.

## Mitauro yeAfrika

Pano panyorwa mazwi ari pedyo nezita iri kune mimwe mitauro yeAfrica, asi zvinoreva zita zvigona kusiyana zvachose nemazwi ari pasi aya. Pane tarisiro yekuti mitauro yeAfrika inotodzana mazwi.

*Mitauro yeCaprivi inoti **lutala** (n. platform for laying dishes to dry) kureva dara rendiro.
*Kikuyu inoti **rutala** (n. platform for laying dishes to dry) kureva dara rendiro.
Zimdancehall

**Zimdhanzhoro** (kureva *Zimdancehall* kana *Zimdzanahoro pa[[Chishongrish|Chishongezi]])* inzambodzasi yemhanzi yechiRhege kana Dhanzhoro yekwedu kuZimbabwe. Inobva mutsika yechikare, yaive ye kushaura (kana kuchantha) pakusvitsa shomodzo. Zimdhanzhoro yakatanga kuwana mbiri mushure mekuwa kwemsambo we Ebheni Guruvhu. Vayimbi vakuru vanoita zve Zimdhanzhoro vanosanganisa Winky D, Sniper Storm, Daddie Distress, Ras Tavonga (Jah Bless), Freeman HKD, Lewaz Skattah pakati pevamwe. 

## Mamwe mashoko

* nzambodzasi, msambodzasi - kureva *sabhujonera* paChishongrish kutodza Chingezi.
* shomodzo, dama - kungoreva kuti *meseji*.

## Ringai zve:

* Mhanzi yemuZimbabwe
Dancehall

**Dancehall** (kana *Dzanahoro* sokutodza Chingezi) msambo wemhanzi wechiJamaika unembiri wakavambwa mukupera kwe Ma1970. 

## Ringai zve:

* Zimdancehall
* Rhege
* Jamaika
Ubiya

**Ubiya** (kureva *kinship*) kana **hubiya**,

Hubiya hwakasiyana unotsanangurwa uchinzai, **mubiyangu** (my kin), **mubiyako** (your kin) uye **[[abiyedu]]** (our kin).

Mamwe mashoko '''mwaiyangu'''.
Balo sezita

Balo izita remhuri rinowanikwa muCote d'Ivoire. 

*Vanhu vane zita iri: Aren Balo; Sarah Balo; Ruth Balo; Balo Assietou.

## Mitauro yeAfrika

Pano panyorwa mazwi ari pedyo nezita iri kune mimwe mitauro yeAfrica, asi zvinoreva zita zvigona kusiyana zvachose nemazwi ari pasi aya. Pane tarisiro yekuti mitauro yeAfrika inotodzana mazwi.

*Bambara inoti **balo** (n. food, sustenance, nourishment) kureva chidyo.
*Bambara inoti **balo** (n. life; behaviour) kureva hupenyu.
Ntembo sezita

Ntembo izita remhuri rinowanikwa muZambia. 

*Vanhu vane zita iri: Getrude Ntembo; Yvonne Ntembo; Ben Ntembo; Christine Ntembo.

## Mitauro yeAfrika

Pano panyorwa mazwi ari pedyo nezita iri kune mimwe mitauro yeAfrica, asi zvinoreva zita zvigona kusiyana zvachose nemazwi ari pasi aya. Pane tarisiro yekuti mitauro yeAfrika inotodzana mazwi.

*Shambala inoti **ntembo** (n. ivory) kureva nyanga dzenzou.
Chiwanga sezita

**Chiwanga** izita remhuri rinowanikwa muZimbabwe.

*Vanhu vane zita iri: Artwell Chiwanga; Portia Chiwanga; Noel Chiwanga; Caroline Chiwanga.

## Mitauro yeAfrika

Pano panyorwa mazwi ari pedyo nezita iri kune mimwe mitauro yeAfrica, asi zvinoreva zita zvigona kusiyana zvachose nemazwi ari pasi aya. Pane tarisiro yekuti mitauro yeAfrika inotodzana mazwi.

*Baila vanoti **chianga** (a lame maimed person) kureva munhu akaremara kana kukuvadzwa. 
*Lozi vanoti **sianga** (n. infirm person cripple; feeble minded person). Yao vanoti **wanga** (treat with malice) kureva kuitira pfini. 
*Tiriki vanoti **khwanga** (neglect, ignore, refuse to listen to, particularly of evil or unwise suggestions). 
*Sena vanoti **kuwangisa** (to heal) kureva kuporesa. VaDigo vanoti **chiwanga** kana **chisiri** (secretly).
*Lubukusu vanoti **siiwaanga** (adj.  white, light in color, clean, pale, holy). 
*Lubukusu vanoti **búúwaanga** (n. light;  whiteness, cleanness, brightness, lightness, purity, in an open place, plainly, publicly, openly).
Mashuza sezita

**Mashuza** izita remhuri rinowanikwa muMozambique. 

*Vanhu vane zita iri: Julio Mashuza; Alvina Mashuza; Pretty Mashuza; Mashuza Mfukeni.

## Mitauro yeBantu

Pano panyorwa mazwi ari pedyo nezita iri kune mime mitauro yeChiBantu, asi zvinoreva zita zvigona kusiyana zvachose nemazwi ari pasi aya. Pane tarisiro yekuti mitauro yeAfrika inotodzana mazwi.

*Shambala inoti **mashuza** (n. oranges) kureva maorenji.
*Shambala inoti **mashuza yedi** (n. good oranges) kureva maorenji akanaka.
Chitsva sezita

**Chitsva** izita remhuri rinowanikwa muZimbabwe. 

*Vanhu vane zita iri: Tinoda Chitsva; Prisca Chitsva; Wadzanayi Chitsva; Tatenda Chitsva.

## Mitauro yeAfrika

Pano panyorwa mazwi ari pedyo nezita iri kune mimwe mitauro yeAfrica, asi zvinoreva zita zvigona kusiyana zvachose nemazwi ari pasi aya. Pane tarisiro yekuti mitauro yeAfrika inotodzana mazwi.

*Nyungwe vanoti **-psa** (adj. new). Digo vanoti **uphya** (newness) vachireva hutsva.
*VaKabwa vanoti **obhuhya** (newness) kureva hutsva. VaSwahili vanoti **upya** (newness) kureva hutsva.
*Shambala vanoti **mahya** (n. new) kureva chitsva.
*MaZulu vanoti **busha** (afresh, anew) vachireva patsva.
Mazani sezita

**Mazani** izita remhuri rinowanikwa muZimbabwe. 

*Vanhu vane zita iri: Lisa Mazani; Ropafzadzo Mazani; Teurai Mazani; Rita Mazani.

## Mitauro yeAfrika

Pano panyorwa mazwi ari pedyo nezita iri kune mimwe mitauro yeAfrica, asi zvinoreva zita zvigona kusiyana zvachose nemazwi ari pasi aya. Pane tarisiro yekuti mitauro yeAfrika inotodzana mazwi.

*VaChewa vanoti **dzani** (a withered leaf) vachireva shizha rakasvava.
*Digo vanoti **ziki** kana **zani** (difficulty; problem; trouble) vachireva zvinetso.
*Swahili vanoti **jani** (n. grass, leaf, bush). Lubwisi vanoti **majaani** (n. leaves) zvichireva mashizha.
*Swahili vanoti **majani** (n. grass, leaves, herbage, foliage, weeds) vachireva bundo.
*Shambala vanoti **zani** kana **mazani** pakuwanda (n. leaf) zvichireva shizha.
Sibuba sezita

Sibuba izita remhuri rinowanikwa muSouth Africa neZambia. 

*Vanhu vane zita iri: Tina Sibuba; Sibuba Kabasiya; Sibusiso Sibuba; Sandile Sibuba.

## Mitauro yeAfrika

Pano panyorwa mazwi ari pedyo nezita iri kune mimwe mitauro yeAfrica, asi zvinoreva zita zvigona kusiyana zvachose nemazwi ari pasi aya. Pane tarisiro yekuti mitauro yeAfrika inotodzana mazwi.

*Lozi inoti **sibuba** (n. waterfall. From **buba** meaning flow) kureva mapopoma.
Mbuni sezita

**Mbuni** izita remhuri rinowanikwa muKenya, Congo Kinshasa neZambia. 

*Vanhu vane zita iri: Velma Mbuni; Angela Mbuni; Vanis Mbuni; Mbuni Yusuf.

## Mitauro yeAfrika

Pano panyorwa mazwi ari pedyo nezita iri kune mimwe mitauro yeAfrica, asi zvinoreva zita zvigona kusiyana zvachose nemazwi ari pasi aya. Pane tarisiro yekuti mitauro yeAfrika inotodzana mazwi.

*Swahili inoti **mbuni** (n. ostrich) kureva nhiwatiwa.
Ntseke sezita

Ntseke izita remhuri rinowanikwa muSouth Africa. 

*Vanhu vane zita iri: Tebogo Ntseke; Dikamatso Ntseke; Lebohang Ntseke; Setlogane Ntseke.

## Mitauro yeAfrika

Pano panyorwa mazwi ari pedyo nezita iri kune mimwe mitauro yeAfrica, asi zvinoreva zita zvigona kusiyana zvachose nemazwi ari pasi aya. Pane tarisiro yekuti mitauro yeAfrika inotodzana mazwi.

*Xitsonga vanoti **cheke** kana **mbowa** (n. Amaranthus Thunbergii - a herb) vachireva bonongwe.
*ChiRonga vanoti **ntseke** (n. Amaranthus Thunbergii - a herb) vachireva bonongwe
Jingabenyu

Jingabenyu kana gutebenyu (biosphere) apa kureva nharaunda yakakomba Pasirose inowanikwa zvinhu zvipenyu zvinosanganisira: vanhu, mhuka, miti, maruva, hove zvichingodaro.

## Mamwe Mazwi

*Jingamweya (n. atmosphere) igute romweya watinofemba uyo wakatikomberedza.
*Jingarukota (n. troposphere) igute rakakomba Pasirose rinowanikwa mhepo dzinomonereka.
*Jingasanza (n. Stratosphere) kureva chikuta chakakomba pasirose chine mizera yakapandana yakaumba chikuta ichi.
*Jinga reGomo (n. area at the foot of a hill or surrounding a hill) zvinoreva nzvimbo iri muzasi uye pedyo negomo.

## Mitauro yeAfrika

*Luwanga vanoti **oluchinga** kana **olukuku** (coast, shore, banks). Kikongo vanoti **jingidila** (surrounding animals in a hunt).
*Chewa vanoti **kuchinga** (to fence). VaChewa vanoti **chinga** (a fence, a temporary stockade).
*IsiZulu vanoti **jinga** (v. Be continually at, keep near to, stick close to, follow closely; importune, pester; frequent).
*Zulu vanoti **umjingandlu** (1. Species of brown snake, fond of frequenting huts. 2. Boy who habitually stays at home. Lit. what frequents the house).
*Kimbundu vanoti **jinga** kana **jinge** (always, ever; at all times; evermore). Mamwe mazwi: **kujinga** (strolls, surrounds, whirlpools).
Ganda (rudzi)

**Ganda** (kureva *race*) kana **rughanda**, mpanguro wevanhu wakasikwa kutodza maoneko emutumbi akagohweka kana maitiro erunzanga mumapoka sezvinooneka paunjee sezvakapfumbira murunzanga rimwe ne rimwe pacharo. Neno iri rakatanga kushandiswa zvinjee muMa1500, parakashandiswa kureva mapoka emhando dzakasiyana, zvichisanganisa ayo ane ubiya huripedyo. Mukusvika kwe Zanakati rechiGuminenomwe, neno iri rakatanga kushandiswa kureva maficha emutumbi (uratidziko; *finotayipi*), uye gare-gare maafiliyesheni edhidhizha.

## Mhando ye magandarudzi
*Zvinyorwa zviri zasi zvichirikugadzirwa*
Ganda (tsauranisa chirevo)

* Ganda - ipeji rinotaura nezve ganda paunjee, revanhu, uye remhuka.
* Ganda (rudzi) - ipeji rinotaura nezve ganda zvichitodza zvinoonekwa nerunzanga.
* Ganda (mwiri) - ganda revanhu

## Mitauro ye Chiafurika

* Mbugwe inoti **ganda** (n. bark).
Chiratidzo chechihutonganyika

**Chiratidzo chechihutonganyika** (kureva *political demonstration)* kana **chiratidzo cheupholi** chiitiko chemapoka ehuwandu kana unganidzo ye mapoka evanhu pamusoro pekusarura zvehutonganyika kana zvimwe zvikonzero kana futi kubatirapamwe kwe vanhu pamusaka pechikonzero chakakosha; zvinowanzo sanganisa kufora kwehuwandu hwevanhu mufomesheni uye ichitanga kana kuti vanhu vachizosanga poyindi yemsangano, kana '''rhali''', kuita kuti vanhu vakwanise kunzwa vatauri. Zvakasiyana nekusanga kwehuwandu wevasangani.

## Ringai zve:

* Hushingairi
* Upholi / Hutonganyika
Gheto

**Gheto**, rinowanzo danwa kunzi *mugheto*, chikamu cheguta chinogarwa neboka rishoma, kunyanya nekuda kwemhedzisiro yehutonganyika, runzanga, uronzo, puresha dze mhotedzero kana upanganhundu. Magheto anozivikirwa kushaya kwao kana achienzaniswa nemamwe maruwa eguta. Mhando dze gheto dzinoonekwa pasirose, dzose dzine mazita, mapango uye mapoka evanhu akasiyana. 

## Mashoko

* Hutonganyika — *politics*

## Ringai zve:

* Holy Ten
* Winky D
* Nutty O
* Mugheto
Holandi

**Holandi** (Chidhachi: *Nederland*) kana **VoNetalandi**, inyika yakagadzikwa kuYuropu ye Maodzanyembaemadokero inemateritori ekunze kwayo muVoKaribhi. Ndiyo nyika ikuru pakati penyika ina dzikonsichuendi dze Umambo we Nedhalandi. Holandi inematunhu guminembiri; inoganhurana ne Jerumani kumabvazuva, ne Bherujyamu kuchamhembe, nekostilayini re Bhahari re Maodzanyemba kumaodzanyemba ne madokero. Inopanana miganhu remaritayimu ne Bhuritani, Jerumani uye Bherujyamu muBhahari reMaodzanyemba. 

Mutauro wayo wechihofisi iChidhahi, Chifurisi Chemadokero ndicho mutauro wechihofisi wechipiri mudunhu re Vufurise (Friesland). Chidhadhi, Chingezi ne Chipapiamentho ndiwo mitauro yechihofisi yemateritori ayo emuKaribhi.
Hungariya

Hslam

**Hungariya** (Chihungari: *Magyarország*) inyika yakakomberedzwa iri kuYuropu Yepakati. Inotora 93,030 skweya makiromita (35,920 sk mi) we Chikotoro che Panoni, rakaganhurarwa ne Hlovhakiya kumaodzanyemba, Vukireni kumaodzanyembaemabvazuva, Romania kumabvazuva nekuchamhembechemabvazuva, Serubhiya kuchamhembe, Kurohesha ne Hlovheniya kuchamhembechemadokero, uye Ostiriya kumadokero. Hungariya inehuwandu hwevanhu unosvika 9.7 miriyoni, huzhinji hwavoruchava rwe Vahungari uye ushoma we Romani. Chihungari ndicho mutauro wechihofisi, uye ndiwo mutauro we Ruurali unotaurwa kakuru pasirose nepakati pe mitauro ishoma isiri ye Chiindo-Yuropu unotaura kahobho muYuropu. Gutaguru uye gutarihombe rayo iBhudhapesti; mamwe maruwa eebheni makuru anosanganisa Debrecen, Szeged, Miskolc, Pécs, ne Győr.

## Taranyika

File:Lake Balaton at Tihany, Hungary.jpg|Lake Balaton
File:Boldogkő Castle - view from the castle - Hungary.jpg|Zemplén Mountains
File:Hortobágy River, Hungary 01.JPG|Hortobágy, grassland
File:Hungarian Grey Cattle.jpg|Hungarian grey cattle
File:Okt 14.jpg|Bükk National Park
File:Tisza-tó1.JPG|Tisza
File:Somló-hegy szőlőültetvény.JPG|Somló
File:RedBio Treffen Ungarn Visegrad 01.JPG
File:Balaton Hungary Landscape.jpg|Balaton Uplands National Park
File:BükkiŐsz.jpg|Bükk Mountains
ChiKalabari

Kalabari mutauro weIjo unowanikwa kuNigeria mumatunhu anoti Rivers State neBayelsa State.

## Mamwe Mazwi

*Kalabari inoti abilala (n. white cloth; paper 2. white) kureva jira jena.
*Kalabari inoti abuba (n. shell of an egg) kureva deko rezai.
*Kalabari inoti afalafa (n. cotton) kureva donje. Mamwe mazwi: agaga (n. side of the body) kureva rutivi rwemuviri.
*Kalabari inoti afana (n. co-wife; rivalry in a polygamus marriage) kureva barika. Mamwe mazwi:  () kureva .
*Kalabari inoti agala (equal in strength; balance up). Mamwe mazwi: agara (n. side; part) kureva divi.
*Kalabari inoti agili (n. bullet) kureva bara. Mamwe mazwi: aka (n. tooth) kureva zino.
*Kalabari inoti akaka (n. edge; side) kureva divi. Mamwe mazwi: anga piri (v. to keep aside) kureva kuisa parutivi.
*Kalabari inoti ala (rich; chief) kureva mupfumi kana ishe. Mamwe mazwi: alabo (n. a rich man, hence a chief).
*Kalabari inoti alali (n. festival) kureva mhemberero. Mamwe mazwi: anga (adj. some; partly).
*Kalabari inoti ama (n. town) kureva dhorobha. Mamwe mazwi: ele (n. space) kureva nzvimbo.
*Kalabari inoti ama-kiri (n. foundation; the ground on which a town stands; land belonging to town) kureva ruvara rweguta.
*Kalabari inoti ama-da (v. to rule or reign over a kingdom, state or district) kureva kutonga nyika. 
*Kalabari inoti ama-anga (n. suburb) kureva sabhabha. Mamwe mazwi: amba (n.power; strength, might; man power) kureva .
*Kalabari inoti ambali (v. to grasp firmly with the arms; to embace firmly) kureva kubata zvakasimba. Mamwe mazwi:  () kureva .
*Kalabari inoti anda (n. each succesive birth of a mother which is delivered full term).
*Kalabari inoti anga (side; beside) kureva divi. Mamwe mazwi: ma anga (two sides) kureva mativi maviri.
*Kalabari inoti asasa (v. to fling or sprinkle dut (powder, salt etc.) over the surface of something).
*Kalabari inoti bafu (n. basin; round hollow metal vessel). Mamwe mazwi: bara (n. hand; arm) kureva ruwoko.
*Kalabari inoti bebe (entire, whole, full, complete) kureva mhumburu. Mamwe mazwi: bebe (diffused over a wide area).
*Kalabari inoti biri (of the same age) kureva zera rimwe. Mamwe mazwi: biri (area; province) kureva nharaunda.
*Kalabari inoti boi (v. hide) kureva kuhwanda. Mamwe mazwi:  () kureva .
*Kalabari inoti dima (n. change) kureva kushandura. Mamwe mazwi:  () kureva .
Monako

**Monako** (Chifurenji: *Principauté de Monaco*; Chiliguria: *Prinçipatu de Múnegu*; Chiositani: *Principat de Mónegue*) pachihofisi ichinzi **Vuchinda we Monako**, vuamire wechiguta-muvuso uye muvusoudoko we Rivhera ye Furanzi uri makiromita akatiwandei kumadokero echisi chechiItari cheLiguria, muYuropu yekuMadokero paBhahari re Medhiteraniya. Yakaganhurwa ne Furanzi kumaodzanyemba, mabvazuva uye kumadokero.

Vuchinda uwu ikanyi kuvagari vanosvika 38,682, huzhinji hwavo hwunotora 9,486 ndeve dhidhizha rechiMonegaske; rinoonekwa senzvimbo inodhura uye yakapfumisa pasirose. 

Mutauro wayo wechihofisi iChifurenji. Pamusoro pezvo, Chimonegaske (mutauronyina we Chiliguri), Chiitari uye Chingezi mitauro inotaurwa nekunzwisisa nevagari vakawanda.

## Mashoko

* Muvusoudoko - *microstate*
* Vuchinda - *principality*
* Vuamire - *sovereign*
Izwi (tsauranisa chirevo)

* **Izwi** kureva shoko, semashoko anotaurwa nevanhu 
* Izwi - ureva kuomba kwemunhu paanotaura achivhura muromo.

## Mitauro ye Chibantu

* VaWabo vanoti **nzu** (n. voice) zvichireva izwi.
* VaKikuyu vanoti **mugambo munene** (bass voice; word) zvichireva izwi rebhesi.
* VaKikuyu vanoti **mugambo munyinyi** (undertone).
* VaKikuyu vanoti **mugambo** (tune; tone).

## Mamwe mashoko

* Ihwi, Iswi
* Inzwi
Inzwi

**Inzwi** (kureva *tone, pitch*) kana **matauriro** mashandisirwo eizwi mumutauro kusiyanisa chirevo chemazwi kana girama - ndiko kuti, kusiyanisa kana kushandura mazwi. Mitauro yose yekureketwa inoshandisa manzwi kuratidza manzwiro uye mamwe mashoko emutauro nekupa simbiso, mutsauko ne zvimwe zvinhu zvakadaro mune inodaidzwa kuti kunzwika kwenzwi, asi haizi mitauro yose inoshandisa manzwi kusiyanisa mazwi kana maumbirwo awo, anorongeka kumanzvanyora ne manzvovera. Mitauro ine fcha iri inodaidzwa kuti mitauro ye inzwi; matauriro akasiyana emutauro wakadaro dzimwe nguva anodaidzwa kuti tonimu, nekuenzanisa ne fonimu.

Mitauro ye inzwi inonyanya kushandiswa kuMabvazuva ne kuChamhembechemabvazuva eEzhiya, Afurika, Amerika uye Pasifiki; mitauro ye inzwi pasirose inosvika 70%. Chichayina, Chitai ne Chivhiyetinamu ndiwo mitauro inonyanyo zivikwa inoshandiswa inzwi.

## Mamwe mapeji ekutarisa

* Ururimi
* Mutauro
* Izwi
* ereketo

## Mabviro eruzivo
Jenova

**Jenova** kana **Jenoa** (Chiitari: *Genova;* Chiliguria: *Zêna*) **Genowa** kana **Genova,** igutaguru rechisi chekuItari chinonzi Liguriya, uye iguta rechitanhatu pakukura muItari. Muna2015, vanhu 594,733 vaigara mumwero wenhemaunda. Kubva pakaitwa murahwo we Itari ya2011, Dunhu re Jenova, rakave Dhorobhani Guta re Jenova muna2015, raive ne huwandu hwevagari unosvika 855,834. Vanhu vanopfuura 1.5 miriyoni vanogara muufaru weruwa redhorobhani rinoenda kuRhivhera re Itari.

## Chirevo:
Vhari dhi'Arani

**Vhari dhi'Arani** (Chiokisitani: Aran; Chikatala: Aran; Chispeini: Aran) (pachihofisi yainzi muChiokisitani:  **Val d'Aran** Chikatala: *Vall d'Aran*, Chispeini: *Valle de Arán*) chiro chenhemaunda (chaionekwa se komaki) mu Yeidha  Katalonya, Speini, zvichisanganisa **Mupata we Arani**, 620.47 skweya makiromita (239.56 sq mi) muunda, mumakomo eDzipiyarenii, muchikamu chedunhu re Yeidha chekumaodzanyembaemadokero.

## Ringai zve:

* Makomaki e Katalonya

## Chirevo:
Chiliguria

**Chiliguria** kana **Chigenova** (kureva *Ligurian, Genoese;* unozivikanwa wo nevatauri se; *zeneise* kana *zeneize*) mutauro we Chigalotari unotaurwa kakuru mumateritori nyika yekare, Rudhende rwe Genova, murizvino inotora nzvimbo dzinosanganisa Liguria kuMaodzanyemba e Itari, zvikamu zverugombe rwe Medhiteraniya muzoni re Furanzi, Monako (kwainodanwa kunzi Monegaske), musha we Bhonifashio (kureva *Bonifacio*) muKorusika (kureva *Corsica*), uye mumamisha eKaloforite (kureva *Carloforte*) paChitsuwa cheSani Petro uye Kalaseta (kureva *Calasetta*) paChitsuwa chaSanthanthioko chisiri kugombe re chamhembechemadokero eSadhenya. Chikamu chechienderero chemitauronyina ye Rugalotari ne Chirhoma Chemadokero. 

## Mahwi
Mahwi mashoma mukupereta kunoitwa ne Genoese *Academia Ligustica do Brenno*:

## Ringai zve:

* Mitauro ye Chiindo-Yuropu
Liguriya

**Liguriya** kana **Iguriya** (Chiliguria: *Ligûria;* Chifurenji: *Ligurie*) chisi chirikumaodzanyemba-emabdokero eItari; gutaguru rayo iJenova. Teritori yaro inopesanisana nemandundu emakomo eMaarupi ne Mapenini uye anoenderera munzvimbo imweni neteritori yekudhara ye Rudhende rwe Jenova. Liguriya yakanganurwa neFuranzi (Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur; sho: Dunhu-Arupi-Kote Yedzuru) kumadokero, Piedhimonthi kumaodzanyemba, ne Emiriya-Rhomanya, ne Taskani kumabvazuva. Yakagadzikwa paBhahari re Liguriya, uye rine huwandu hwe vanhu unosvika 1,557,533. Ichisi chinosanganiswa muchikamu cheYurochisi yeMaarupi-Medhiteraniya.
Kuhatura

**Kuhatura** (kureva *to grasp; grasping*) ishoko rinoshandiswa pachidi kureva kubata kana kumisa chinhu nemaoko uye semetaforo yekuti kunzwisisa - zvichireva kubata nyaya iri kutaurwa kana chinhu chirikutsanangurwa.

## Ringai zve:

* Kubata
* Kunzwisisa
* Kuketa
Kunzwisisa

**Kunzwisisa** (kureva *to understand; understanding*) kana **kuhwisisa**, zvinoreva kubata mupfungwa mashoko kana nyaya inenge yataura kana kutsanangurwa. Zvinoratidza kuti munhu anyatso nzwisisa zvataugwa nemumwe kukwanisa kudzidzisa kana kutsanangura kune mumwe zvaaudzwa kana kudzidziswa, iyi inzira yakanaka yekushandisa pakudzidzi kana mudzidzi achida kuzviyeuchidza zvaadzidza.

## Ringai zve:

* Kuhatura
* Kudzidza
* Kupfupisa
Kupfupisa

**Kupfupisa** kana **Kufupisa** (kureva *to shorten;* kana *to summarise; summarising*)

## Ringai zve:

* Kutsanangura
* Kunzwisisa
Kutsanangura

**Kutsanangura** (kureva *to explain; explaining; describe*)

## Ringai zve:

* Kudzidzisa
* Kumotsa
* Kudorongosha
* Kupfupisa
Kufora

**Kufora** (kureva *marching; to march*) zvinoreva chirongwa, chakayunifomwa, kufamba kumberi kwakadzidzininda murhidhimu kana nhanho dzakarongwa ne chinguva; uye, pakazhinji, kufora kunooneka kuchiitwa ne masoja ezvemauto.

## Ringai zve:

* Hushingairi
* Rhali
Kutungamidza

**Kutungamidza** (Kureva *to direct; directing; to lead*)

## Ringai zve:

* Mutungamiri
* Mtungamiriwenyika
* Hutungamiri
* Kurairidza
Mudzidzi

**Mudzidzi** (kureva *student*) munhu anoenda kuchikoro kana muinstichusheni yekudzidza. Pakufunga zvakafaruka, mudzidzi munhu anodzidza chinhu chaasingazivi pasi pemunhu aanoona semudzidzisi kana murairi wake. 

Vamwe vanoti mufundi, asi shoko iri rinoshandiswa kechipiri kureva zvimwe wo.

## Ringai zve:

* Mudzidzisi
* Murairidzi
* Mufundisi
* Mufundi
Mutauro wechihofisi

**Mutauro wechihofisi** (kureva *official language*) kana **mutauro wenyika**, mutauro kana mitauro inoshandiswa kakuru munyika pakutaura zvemazuva ose. 

## Ringai zve:

* Keruro yechihofisi
* Mitauro yemuZimbabwe
Hofisi

**Hofisi** (kureva *office*) inzvimbo inoshandiswa kuita basa renhemaunda nevashandi wekambani. Shoko rokuti "hofisi" rinoshandiswa wo pamashoko anoshandiswa zviripedyo ne (senge mwofisa, chihofisi).
Rakisombhegi

**Rakisombhegi** (kureva *Luxembourg*) kana **Ratsembhegi,** pachihofisi ichinzi **Udhuke Ukuru we Ratsembhegi** inyika iri muUrope.

Gutaguru racho iGuta Rakisombhegi.

Nyika iyi ine miganhu neBherujyamu, Jerumani neFuranze.

Vanhu vekuRatsembhegi vanonzi **Varatsembhegi** uye munhu mumwechete anonzi **Muratsembhegi**.
Rishenistayini

**Rishenistayini** (kureva *Liechtenstein;* muChijerumani: *Fürstentum Liechtenstein*) kana **Lishenistayini**, uye muchihofisi ichinzi **Vuchinda we Rishenistayini** inyika iri muYuropu.

Gutaguru racho iVaduz.

Nyika iyi ine miganhu neVusvwisi neOstiriya.
Muzvcazi

**Muzvcazi** (kureva *galaxy*) kana **muzvkazi**, mutandira wenyeredzi, zvisarwa zvenganyedzi (*stellar remnants*), gasi ye nkatinganyedzi (*interstellar gas*), dutu rechadenga, sebhe nhema, inounganidzwa ne gunganidzo. KuChingezi shoko rokuti *galaxias* (γαλαξίας) rakabva kuChigiriki kureva pavudi, 'chemukaka', sokutodzera Gwararezhou uyo Mutandira we Mushana wedu.

## Zita
**Muzvcazi** ishoko rinowanikwa muChingova mutauronyina weChikaranga kwarinoshandiswa kureva Gwararezhou. Parizvino ishoko ririkushandiswa kureva *[[ghalakasi]]* muChishona chamazuva ose, kuitira kudzikisa kuzara kweChishongrish nokufa kwemashoko eChivanhu ekare uye nokuitira kuzivisa vanhu mitauro uye mitauronyina ye Chivanhu.

## Ruzivo:

* nganyedzi - kureva *stellar*, Chingezi chakatora kubva kuChiratini, asi Chishona chirikutora kubva kuChinguni  pashoko rokuti *nkanyezi* rinoreva kuti nyeredzi.
* sebhe nhema, sebhe dema, sebhe dzvipu - zvose kungoreva *dark matter*

## Ringai zve:

* Gwararezhou
Svcamba

**Scvamba** (kureva *turtle; sea turtle*) kana ***hhamba*** muChingova mutauronyina we Chikaranga.

Shoko iri rinogona kuturikirwa mhando yekamba senge kamba ye mubhahari. 

## Ringai zve:

* Kamba
Duramazwi reChikalanga repaWikipidhiya

Peji rino ndere mashoko eChikalanga anogona kunge akashandiswa kuvamba mashoko matsva eChishona uye nekuzivisa Vashona mutauro weChikalanga uye kufanana kwawo neChikaranga.

## Duramazwi

### A

*

### B (kureva "V" weChishona)
*[[B]]* weChikalanga ndi *[[V]]* weChishona uye *[[Bh]]* weChikalanga ndi *B* weChishona.

* *Bunguka* - kureva kuvunguka - kushanduka kwemuvara wechinhu kuita kakutsvukirira.
* *butha* - kureva kuwusha - kuzorora kwemhuka
* *butuka* - kugadzirisa kana kunatsiridza chinhu.
* *buya* - kudzoka, kuhwirira
* *buya-moyo* - kureva kusvotwa kana kunenga
* *buyilila* - kuhwirira, kudzokordza
* *buza* - kureva wuza
* bufa - kureva rifa / ifa

### C

* *chamba* - kureva mudikanwi, kana paramour
* *chedza* - 
* *chefi* - kureva chefu

### D

* dabga - mhando yeshiri, pamwe Chikaranga chinogona kunge chineshoko iri.
* *dhumila* - kureva shumira - zvichireva kutenda Mwari

### E

* ezela - kureva kuvata
* ezedza - kurarisa mwata
*

### F

* *funye* - kureva pfunye / funye
* fumula - kureva funura
* *fupa* - kureva pfupa / fupa
* *furisilaxa* - tambo yakatetenuka kuchigumo kwehwipuro

### G

* gaberi - kureva kamba, svcamba
* gagadzahamba - kureva gakandye
* guni - kureva guni
* *gwili* - kureva gwiri
* *gwilikwiti* - kureva gwirikwiti

### H

* hamba - kureva *tortoise*
* hapkha - kureva hapxa

### I

### J

### K

* kudzimu - kureva denga, uzuru, nyikadzimu
* *khuwa (ikhuwa)* - kureva Chingezi, pamwe kubva pashoko reChikaranga rekuti Mukiwa kureva murungu, saka vanoti mutauro wacho Chikiwa.
* *kotoshio* - mhando ye zizi ridoko.
* kula - kureva Mabargwe sepaChikaranga.

### L

* lulimi - kureva lurimi / rurimi no mutauro
* likhwa - kureva ripxa pamwe 

### M

### N

* nasi - kureva nhasi
* natsha - kureva nakisa, kunasa/kunasis
* ndalo - bonde

### Ng'

* Ng'ina - kureva 
* ng'wedzi kureva mwedzi, n'wedzi

### O

### P

* palo = svomhu
* pampiri - kureva zanhi
* phou - kureva mhou
* pkhanya - kureva pxanya
* psayila - tsvaira

### R

### S

* sasi - sasi
* seba - kureva seva
* shaba - kureva shava
* shanga - tsanga/shanga
* shinga - kureva ksuhanda
* shoni - kureva tyoni/tloni, uye kureva zve ushoni (kunyara)

### T

* *toronko* - kureva tirongo
*

### U

### V

* *vakacha* - kureva vhakacha
* vu - kureva ivhu

### W

* wa - kureva kuwa, kudonga

### X

* xalasi - kureva girazi 
* xarawu - kureva foshoro, spades
* xwabha - kurenya nyama yakaomeswa

### Y

* yeela - kureva hesi

### Z

* zana - kureva kudzana, kutamba
* zanga - 
* zebe - kureva zhebe / nzeve
* zhalima - kureva dima/rima
* zhuba - kureva zuva
* zwimba - kureva zvimba

## Ringai zve:

* Chikalanga
* Chivhenda
* Duramazwi reChindau repaWikipidhiya
Jengachenga

**Jengachenga** (kureva *horizon*) kana **jengadenga** sekutaura kwevamwe, igonyo rinooneka rinopatsanura huso hwemuviri wedenga nedenga rawo kana uchitariswa nemaonero emucherechedzi pamusoro kana pedyo nepamusoro pemutumbi unoenderana. Uyu munyonga inopatsanura mafambiro ese ekuona zvichienderana nekuti inopindirana nepamusoro pemuviri unoenderana here kana kuti kwete.

## Ringai zve:

* Zuva
Chizvuvhutswa

**Chizvuvhutswa** (kureva *gold nugget;* pahuwandu tichiti **zvizvuvhutswa**) shoko iri rinoshandiswa mu Chitsunga, mutauronyina we Chizezuru.

## Ringai zve:

* ndarama
Murumbi

**Murumbi** (kureva *caucasian*) kutodza Chikaranga.

Zvichireva ganda revanhu vechirungu, senge Vabhunu, Vangezi, Vaspeini, Vaputukezi nevamwe wo.

Mamwe mashoko anoshandiswa ne Vakaranga anosanganisa, Mukiwa kana Muzungu - parizvino shoko rinozivikanwa paChishona chose nderokuti Murungu, shoko iri munhoroondo raishandiswa kureva vanhu vaioneka sevakatendeka senge Varemba. Raive nechirevo chimwe nechokuti Ishe.

## Ringai zve:
Mukiwa
Mutana

**Mutana** (kureva *old man; older aged male*) kureva murume muhora, ishoko rinoreva zvimwechete neshoko rokuti harahwa.

## Mamwe mashoko:

* Mudhara
* Muchembere
* Tsvimborume
* Pfunda
Mvandara

**Mvandara** (kureva *non-virgin*) idzina (kana nauni) reChishona rinoreva musikana asisiri mhandara zvichireva anenge akarara nemurume zvepabonde.

Mhandara inogona kuva mvandara nekuda zvichireva anobondana nemunhurume pachake nechisaro chake panechimvumo. Murume waanorara naye anogona kuva chikomba chake, shamwari uye, kana mwamuna kureva kuti munhurume waakaroorana naye.

Asi, zvakadaro, dzimwe mhandara ndinoitwa mvandara ngokuda kwekubhinywa, zvichireva anobondwa asingade pasinawumvumo. Izvi zvinoitika kuvanasikana vechidoko kureva twana twusati twatosvika muzera rekuziva zvebonde, uye zvinoitika kuvanasikana vezera rokuziva asi vachiri vadoko matineja kureva vari pasi pezera rechiguminesere. Uye zvinoitika wo kuvanhukadzi vatokura kuva vanamuzvare vezera riri pamuso peguminepfumbamwe.

## Stigima
*Ringai peji huru: [[Stigima ye munzanga]].*

MuZimbabwe nenyika zhinji dzemuAfurika pane stigima inotevera vanasikana vave mvandara, kunyangwe zvikanzi vakabhinywa kana kuti vakapachimvumo. Izvi zvinoita kuti vana vasatauri nevabereki kana vakabatwa nekuti vabereki vanopa balem pavana kwete manyengapwere vanochiva vana vadoko. Pamusoro pezvo, zvajairwa hazvijairikwe, vana ndivo vanofundiswa kunzi pfeka semudzimai kuitira dzimwe mhando dzevanhurume vakuru vasachive vana, idzo mhando dzevanhurume ndidzo dzinofanhira kufundiswa kuti kuchiva vana hurema.

Pane shoko revasikana vabviswa humhandara asi hapana shoko reshoko rinotsanangura vakomana vabviswa hujaya, nekuti mutsika vakomana havaonikwi sevanobviswa chinhu asi sekuti ndivo vanobvisa. Nekuda kwazvo, zvinofundisa vanasikana vachiri vadiki kuti kukosha kwavo kunouya nemwiri nebonde, uye zvinofundisa vanakomana kuti vasikana vanokosha vachiri mhandara. Izvi ichokwadi hacho kuti humhandara hwakakosha, asi majaya nevanhurume vakuru vanorara nevakadzi vavasingazo roore, vanoona kuva mhandara sekwakakoshesa asi vanhurume vanokwanisa kurara nevanhu vakawanda.  Pamusoro pezvo, munzanga vanhurume vanenge vaita chakaipa kumunhukadzi vanotsananguri vachiti hachisiri mhandara, anoshupa uye haasi mhandari nezvimwe wo. 

Chimwe chakaipa ndechekuti panobhinywa vana vechikomana kutaurwa nezvazvo hakuna, kunangwe pano bhinywa vanhurume vakuru. Nzanga yedu haikoshisi ikwaliti ye vanhu vose vanogara munharaunda, vanhurume vanotenga bonde kumwana mudiki anenge achizvitengesa kuitira hanzvadzi kana mhuri yake kwete kungomupa mari yacho zvemahara. Vanhurume vakuru vanobondana nevanasika vekuYunivesiti kutosvika pakuhurira madzimai avo, vana vacho vari zera dzevana vavo wo futi. 

Vashoma munzanga vakadzi vanosimbisa kudarika vanhurume asi, varikowo vakadzi vanobhinya kana kurova vanhurume, hazvitaurwi wo futi. Uye vanhurume vanosvika pakuzvisungirira nekuti vakabhinywa nevakadzi uye vanenge vasingaonwi sevarume nekuda kwazvo vachitongeswa nevamwe vanhurume. Pamusoro pezvo, zvinoomesesa kana vakabhinywa nemumwe munhurume, kunyanya twana twechikomana twudoko, ne majaya futi. 

## Zvimwe zviziviso:

* Chimvumo - *consent* 
* Kubhinya - *rape*
* Munyengapwere - kureva *paedophile(s)*

## Ringai zve:

* Chimvumo
* Hwana
Munyengapwere

**Munyengapwere** (kureva *pedophile, paedophile*) kana **Mubhinyapwere**, munhu anochiva, nokuda kurara nepwere. Kuti munhu anzi ndinyabinyapwere anofanhira kunge ari mukuru nemakore mashanu kudarika mwana wachona.

## Ringai zve:

* Unyengapwere
Hunyengapwere

**Hunyengapwere** (kureva *pedophilia, paedophilia*) kana **Hubhyinyapwere**, chirwere chepfungwa chinoita kuti munhu anzwe kuda kurara nemwana asiri wezera, kwedu kuZimbabwe zera rechimvumo iguminesere. Munhu akadai anonzi munyengapwere kana mubhinyapwere.

Zvinonzi kuti munhu ave munyengapwere anofanhira kunge ari mukuru nemakore mashanu kumwana wachona.

## Ringai zve:

* Abhyusi ye bonde kuvana
Musengi

**Musengi** (kureva *carrier*) kana **mutakuri**, zvinoreva munhu anotakura kana kusenga chinhu.

## Ringai zve:

* Kusenga, Kutakura
Guni

**Guni** (kureva *log*) imhando ye rukuni, pakazhinji inenge iri hombe.

## Mamwe mashoko

* Rukuni kureva *wood* uye pahuwandu tichiti **huni**.
Buri

**Buri** (kureva *hole*) kana **buli** sokutodza Chikaranga, imhando ye chivhuriko chinoitika pamtumbi.

*Kuburura (v. To make a hole).
Baba Vedu

**Baba Vedu** (Kureva *Our Father, Lord's Prayer*) kana **Munamato waMwari**, munamato wechiKristu watakafundiswa na Ishe Jesu.

## Mahhwaro

### Sokunyorwa-nyorwa kwanhasi

#### Chingezi

#### Chishona
Kutodza zviri pamusoro.

### Munamato sezvanhasi
Mufakazi

**Mufakazi** (kureva *testimony*) ishoko reChikaranga ne Chindau rinoreva zvimwe neshoko rokuti chapupu.

## Ringai zve:

* Dare reMhosva
Hloudo

**Hloudo** (kana** ẖoudo**sokunyorwa muchikare) ishoko rinowanikwa mun'wadhi rezveChikaranga rinonzi *A Manual of the Chikaranga Language* sezwifanana re ndarama. Pamwe ialoi ye ndarama.

Mamwe mashoko ainyorwa ne bhii ra **ẖ** anosanganisa; 

* kut**ẖia**, chit**ẖiso** - kureva kutla/kuthla (kutya) uye chitliso/chithliso (chityiso) sekureketwa kunoitwa nemamwe Makaranga.

## Ringai zve:

* A Manual of the Chikaranga Language
* Ndarama
* Goridhe
Reshe

Reshe mutauro weKainji unowanikwa kuNigeria.

*Reshe inoti akabila (n. tribe) kureva rudzi rwevanhu.
*Reshe inoti bira (v. choose) kureva kusarudza.
*Reshe inoti bona (v. meet) kureva kusangana.
*Reshe inoti kuma (v. gather) kureva kuunganidza. Mamwe mazwi: kume (n. assembly) kureva gungano.
*Reshe inoti masakaya (n. ash; ashes) kureva dota.
*Reshe inoti ndare (n. sliperiness; smoothness) kureva kutsvedzerera.
*Reshe inoti nhare (n. roar) kureva kudzvova.
*Reshe inoti paluke (v. tear) kureva kubvaruka.
*Reshe inoti pari (v. instruct; teach) kureva kudzidzisa.
*Reshe inoti peepa (v. blow) kureva kupepa.
*Reshe inoti ri-lume (n. tongue) kureva rurimi.
*Reshe inoti rikongo (n. greediness) kureva makaro.
*Reshe inoti rito (n. boundary) kureva muganhu.
*Reshe inoti sua (adj. little) kureva diki. Fananidzai nokuti chitsuwa.
*Reshe inoti tana (v. come forth).
*Reshe inoti tololo (n. slime).
*Reshe inoti tsotso (adj. small) kureva diki.
*Reshe inoti tsume (v. send) kureva kutuma.
*Reshe inoti uburando (n. beggar) kureva mupemhi. Fananidzai nokuti muranda.
*Reshe inoti ujengwe (n. sack) kureva saga.
*Reshe inoti ukami (adj. greatness) kureva hukuru.
*Reshe inoti u-koma (n. iron; steel) kureva simbi.
*Reshe inoti ukuni (adj. save; wild).
*Reshe inoti zuku (adj. all) kureva zvose.
ChiFiji

ChiFiji mutauro unowanikwa munyika yeFiji.

## Mazwi Anotodza Bantu

*Fiji inoti **tata** kana **tama** (n. father) kureva baba. Kalanga inoti tate kureva baba.
*Fiji inoti **tata levu** (n. father) kureva babamukuru. kana murume waamaiguru 
*Fiji inoti  **nana levu** (n. mother's elder sister) kureva amaiguru.
*Fiji inoti gunuva (v. drink) kureva kunwa. Mamwe mazwi: gunu (n. drink) kureva chinwiwa.
*Fiji inoti siwa (n. fish) kureva hove. Fananidzai nokuti dziva.
*Fiji inoti wilika (v. reading) kureva kuverenga.
*Fiji inoti kena vinaka (n. advantage; better) kureva zvinhu zvakanaka.
*Fiji inoti **vinaka duadua** (adj. best) kureva babamukuru. 
*Fiji inoti levu (adj. great; big) kureva babamukuru. 
*Fiji inoti daku (n. the back; back of the body; the back part of anything) kureva kumashure.
*Fiji inoti **edaku** (adj. behind; at the back of) kureva kumashure kwe.

## Mamwe Mazwi

*Fiji inoti vuku (n. ability) kureva kugona. Mamwe mazwi: rawa (adj. able).
*Fiji inoti ca-ta (v. abhor) kureva kunyangarirwa. Mamwe mazwi: ca-ti (abhorent).
*Fiji inoti dela (top; above) kureva kumusoro. Ndau inoti dera kureva kumusoro.
*Fiji inoti makawa (adj. ancient; old) kureva makare.
*Fiji inoti isau (n. answer) kureva mhinduro. Mamwe mazwi: sauma (v. answer) kureva kupindura.
*Fiji inoti liga (n. arm) kureva ruwoko.
*Fiji inoti lewa (n. authority) kureva hutongi.
*Fiji inoti yawa (adj. distant; far) kureva kupindura.
*Fiji inoti matai (n. carpenter) kureva muvezi.
*Fiji inoti loma (n. centre) kureva pakati.
*Fiji inoti sere (n. chest) kureva chipfuva.
*Fiji inoti turaga (n. chief or gentleman) kureva ishe.
*Fiji inoti gone (n. child) kureva mwana.
*Fiji inoti baravi (n. coast; shaore) kureva gombe.
*Fiji inoti buto (n. dark) kureva rima. Mamwe mazwi: siga (n. day) kureva musi.
*Fiji inoti cakava (v. do, make, work) kureva kuita.
*Fiji inoti rawa rawa (adj. easy) kureva nyore.
*Fiji inoti galala (adj. empty) kureva musina chinhu.
*Fiji inoti mata (n. eye; face) kureva meso.
*Fiji inoti malua (adv. gently) kureva zvinyorronyoro.
*Fiji inoti Kalou (n. God) kureva Mwari.
*Fiji inoti voleka (adj. near) kureva pedyo.
*Fiji inoti lawa (n. net) kureva mambure.
*Fiji inoti wasa (n. ocean) kureva gungwa.
*Fiji inoti tuba (adj. outside) kureva panze.
*Fiji inoti marau (n. pleasure) kureva mafaro. Mamwe mazwi: mana (n. power) kureva simba.
*Fiji inoti gata (adj. sharp) kureva rakapinza.
*Fiji inoti berabera (adv. slow) kureva chinono.
*Fiji inoti moto (n. spear) kureva pfumo.
*Fiji inoti gauna (n. time) kureva nguva.
*Fiji inoti cina (n. torch) kureva tochi.
*Fiji inoti savata (v. wash) kureva []kusuka].
*Fiji inoti vosa (n. word, speak, talk, language) kureva [kutaura.
*Fiji inoti vola (v. write) kureva kunyora.
*Fiji inoti sele (n. knife) kureva banga.
Mari sezita

Mari izita remhuri rinowanikwa muZimbabwe, Zimbabwe. 

*Vanhu vane zita iri: Tendayi Mari; Hazvineyi Mari; Misheck Mari; Mudiwa Mari.

## Mitauro yeAfrika

Pano panyorwa mazwi ari pedyo nezita iri kune mimwe mitauro yeAfrica, asi zvinoreva zita zvigona kusiyana zvachose nemazwi ari pasi aya. Pane tarisiro yekuti mitauro yeAfrika inotodzana mazwi.

*ChiFiji vanoti mari (n. thin; thinness) kureva kutetepa.
Bganamai

**Bganamai**, **Bgwanamai** (kureva *cousins whose mothers are sisters*) kureva vanakazi vananamai vane hukama sehanzvadzi. Nokumwe kunyorwa tingati zve, bwanamai kana hwanamai. 

## Ringai zve:

* Makulu
Kubanha

Kubanha kana kukava (v. to kick) zvinoreva kurova negumbo kana tsoka.

## Mitauro yePasirose

*ChiFiji vanoti **vana** (v. to shoot; to shoot with a bow or gun).
*ChiFiji vanoti **vana-taka** (v. to let off a gun).
Malele sezita

Malele izita remhuri rinowanikwa muKenya, Papua New Guinea, neSouth Africa. 

*Vanhu vane zita iri: Sibongile Malele; Mercia Malele; Bitshepo Malele; Anna Malele.

## Mitauro yePasirose

Pano panyorwa mazwi ari pedyo nezita iri kune mimwe mitauro yeAfrica, asi zvinoreva zita zvigona kusiyana zvachose nemazwi ari pasi aya. 

*Lubwisi vanoti elele, malele (n. Fern).
*ChiFiji inoti malele (n. concord of sound; concord of mind; of one mind; unity; agree in mind).
Masusu sezita

Masusu  izita remhuri rinowanikwa muZambia, neSouth Africa. 

*Vanhu vane zita iri: Katlego Masusu ; Ivy Masusu ; Miriam Masusu ; Lerato Masusu .

## Mitauro yePasirose

Pano panyorwa mazwi ari pedyo nezita iri kune mimwe mitauro yeAfrica, asi zvinoreva zita zvigona kusiyana zvachose nemazwi ari pasi aya. Pane tarisiro yekuti mitauro yeAfrika inotodzana mazwi.

*ChiFiji inoti **susu** kana **masusu**  (n. fall of earth; a landslip).
Sekurwana

**Sekurwana**, **sekurgwana** (kureva *child of elder maternal uncle*) kana **sekurgwana**, sokutodza Chikaranga chekare.

## Ringai zve:

* Masekuru - kureva hanzvadzikomana yamai.
Makuru

**Makuru, Makulu** (kureva *cousin; child of parents' older/younger siblings*) sokutodza Chikaranga chekare, kana **kazi** kutora kubva kuChingezi.

## Ringai zve

* Sekurgwana
* Bganamai
Kasere sezita

Kasere izita remhuri rinowanikwa muZimbabwe.

*Vanhu vane zita iri: Patience Kasere; Dadirai Kasere; Gayle Kasere; Tangisai Kasere.

## Mitauro yeAPasirose

Pano panyorwa mazwi ari pedyo nezita iri kune mimwe mitauro yeAfrica, asi zvinoreva zita zvigona kusiyana zvachose nemazwi ari pasi aya. Pane tarisiro yekuti mitauro yeAfrika inotodzana mazwi.

*ChiFiji vanoti kasere (n. broken; undone). Mamwe mazwi: sereka (v. to loose a thing that is tied; to release; to unbind; to undo).
Makaramu sezita

**Makaramu** izita remhuri rinowanikwa muZimbabwe.

*Vanhu vane zita iri: Christopher Makaramu; Taonashe Makaramu; Tarzen Makaramu; Tafadzwa Makaramu.

## Mitauro yeBantu

Pano panyorwa mazwi ari pedyo nezita iri kune mimwe mitauro yeChiBantu, asi zvinoreva zita zvigona kusiyana zvachose nemazwi ari pasi aya. Pane tariro yekuti mitauro yeBantu inotodzana mazwi.

*Makua vanoti **karamu** (n. lion) kureva shumba. 
*Bemba vanoti **inkalamu** (n. lion) kureva shumba.
*Konde vanoti **ingalamu** (n. lion) kureva shumba.
Mutawu sezita

**Mutawu** kana **Mutau** mazita emhuri anowanikwa muZimbabwe.

*Vanhu vane zita iri: Christopher Mutawu; Taonashe Mutawu; Tarzen Mutawu; Tafadzwa Mutawu.

## Mitauro yeBantu

Pano panyorwa mazwi ari pedyo nezita iri kune mimwe mitauro yeChiBantu, asi zvinoreva zita zvigona kusiyana zvachose nemazwi ari pasi aya. Pane tariro yekuti mitauro yeBantu inotodzana mazwi.

*Sesotho vanoti **motau** (n. lion) kureva shumba. 
*Yao vanoti **mtau** (n. perseverance; persistence; frequent recurrence).