Nyere yaGalvani

Mazwi anoti Nyere yaGalvani ari kushandiswa pano kuturikira chinonzi *Galvanic cell* kuEnglish - iyi inyere yemushongagetsi inowana simba remagetsi kubva pakupirimuka kwemishonga iri mukati menyere icharehwa. Nyere iyi yakaumba nesimbi mbiri dzakasiyana dzinobatana kuburikidza nezambuko remunyu kana kuumbwa nenyere-gasva dziri mbiri idzi dzakapatsanurwa nenhengodzivo inobvinina norusarura - *selectively permeable membrane*.

## Kujekesa

Zvakakosha kuti tionesane kuti vakatanga kunyora nezve hutsanzi hwezvemagetsi vaifunga kuti muyerero wemagetsi wakanga uri wemheu dzakadenenguka. Uyu unonzi muyerero wakateramiswa nembungano - *conventional positive current*. Saka tsananguro dzavo pamusoro pemagongwa nemandimu dzakaitwa vaine murangariro iwoyu. Tsananguro iyoyi ichiri kurarama zvichitevedza guungano renyanzvi rakatenderana kuti zvirambe zvakadaro.   Pari nhasi zvave kuzivikanwa kuti ma *electron* ndiwo anofamba muwaya dzemagetsi, kwete *positive current*.

Magetsi anobuda muNyere yaGalvani kumwenzagetsi weZinki.  Nokudaro mwenzagetsi uyu uchanzi mwenzanhuka, zvichitodzana nezwi rokuti kuduka rinoreva kukwira kwezuva richibuda -  iri rinonzi **anode** kuEnglish. Izwi rokuti *anode* rinoreva *way up*.  Kudivi irori, manondanhoka eZinki, ane chaji yakadara *(positively charged zinc ions)* anokatanura mhodzigetsi mbiri dzinobuda kuwaya yekunze, iwo manondanhoka eZinki achipinda mushurushuru. Manondanhuka esalfeti ane chaji yakahwarara **(negatively charged sulphate ions)**, anokwezverwa kumwenzanhuka weZinki. Izwi rokuti **kunhoka** rinotodzana nemazwi anoti kudoka kwezuva (sunset).
 
Magetsi anodzika achipinda muNyere yaGalvani kumwenzagetsi weKopa. Nokudaro mwenzagetsi uyu uchanzi mwenzanhoka - uyu unonzi **cathode** kuEnglish. Shoko reEnglish rokuti **cathode** rinoreva *way  down*.  Kudivi irori, manondanhoka eKopa ane chaji yakadara *(positively charged copper ions)* anogashira mhodzigetsi mbiri dzinobva muwaya yekunze - iwo manondanhoka eKopa anenge achibva mushurushuru anokwatikira pamwenzanhoka reKopa. Manondanhoka eHydrogen ane chaji yakadara **(positively charged hydrogen ions)** anokwezverwa kumwenzanhoka reKopa.

### Kurerutsa Mutauro

*Chaji Yakadara kana chaji darara iri kureva **positive charge**. 
*Chaji Yakahwarara kana chaji hwarara iri kureva **negative charge**.
*Mwenzagetsi riri kuturikira chinonzi **electrode**. 
*Mwenzanhuka ndiwo mwenzagetsi unonzi **anode** kuEnglish. 
*Mwenzanhoka ndiwo mwenzagetsi unonzi **cathode** kuEnglish.
*Fungonhuka (anolyte) apa kureva shurushuru inowanikwa kudivi remwenzanhuka. Fananidzai nekuduka kwezuva (sunrise).
*Fungonhoka  (catholyte) apa kureva shurushuru inowanikwa kudivi remwenzanhoka. Fananidzai nekudoka kwezuva (sunset).
*Tura kana kutura (deposit; put down) zvichireva kutsveta chiro panhu.

*Izwi rokuti nonda riri kuturikira chinonzi **ion** kuEnglish iro rinodudza kuti **I go or that which goes**. Pahuwandu tichati manonda. Kuti **nonda** nenzira inyaudzosingwi inoreva kutevedza nzira usingatsauke.
*Pachinyorwa chino, izwi rokuti mwenza (passage, a way) rinoreva nzira kana mukana unokwanisa kudaritsa zvinofamba kana kuyerera.

Tarisai chinyorwa chinonzi chikukuragetsi.

## Mitauro yeBantu

Zvichida mazwi ari pas ayo anokwanisa kuturikira chinonzi **anode** kana **cathode**.

*Herero inoti **pita** (v. go out, come out, spring out, come forth, go forth, rise out, pass outward) kureva kubuda. 
*VaHerero vanoti **omapitiro** (outlet) zvichireva nzira yokubudisa. VaHerero vanoti **omahitiro** (inlet) zvichireva nzira yokupindisa. 
*VaKongo vanoti **kota** (to enter, to come in, to pass in, penetrate, flow in, sink in, set as the sun).   VaKongo vanoti **kotwa** (to be entered).