open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Gokwom

Gokwom kana Komo mutauro weAfrika unowanikwa kuEthiopia, Sudan neSouth Sudan.

## Mazwi Anotodza Bantu

*Gokwom vanoti baa (n. father, 2. paternal uncle) kureva baba.
*Gokwom vanoti bat (n. duck) kureva dhadha. Lingala neYao vanoti **libata** (duck) kureva **dhadha**. ChiPutukezi vanoti (n. duck) pata kureva dhadha.
*Gokwom vanoti bishi (n. work ) kureva bishi. Mamwe mazwi: bishi ba kkolo (n. handicraft) kureva hudavadi. Bishi babʉn (n. our culture). 
*Gokwom vanoti galam (n. pen) kureva penzura. Kirundu vanoti **ikaramu** kana **amakaramu** (pencil/s) vachireva penzura. 
*Gokwom vanoti garwesh (n. partridge ) kureva chikwari.
*Gokwom vanoti shog (n. foot, leg) kureva tsoka kana gumbo.
*Gokwom vanoti yi bishi (n. worker, laborer) kureva mushandi.

## Mamwe Mazwi

*Gokwom vanoti at (n. child; son, daughter) kureva mwana.
*Gokwom vanoti badiye (n. rainbow) kureva murarabungu.
*Gokwom vanoti balala (no longer a virgin) kureva mvana.
*Gokwom vanoti bambe (n. sweet potato) kureva mbambaira. Mamwe mazwi: doko (n. potato) kureva mbatata.
*Gokwom vanoti benzero (n. field, playground) kureva dandare.
*Gokwom vanoti boya (n. color) kureva muvara.
*Gokwom vanoti dam (n. honey) kureva huchi.
*Gokwom vanoti dizi (n. owl) kureva zizi.
*Gokwom vanoti dɨnga (n. elephantfish - electric) imhando yehove.
*Gokwom vanoti gaata (n. fence) kureva fenzi.
*Gokwom vanoti gana (n. wealth, possessions) kureva hupfumi.
*Gokwom vanoti gara (n. bell, horn) kureva bhero kana nyanga.
*Gokwom vanoti gombol (n. valley) kureva mupata.
*Gokwom vanoti goti (n. fire stones) kureva mapfihwa.
*Gokwom vanoti gubi (n. hut, house) kureva imba. Mamwe mazwi: gubi sa (n. hospital). Gubi shum (n. butcher shop).
*Gokwom vanoti guunda (n. corncob) kureva muguri wechibage.
*Gokwom vanoti gʉ bɨze (n. Bɨze clan). Mamwe mazwi: gʉ bishero (n. Bishero clan). Gʉ kwasha (n. Kwasha clan). Fananidzai nokuti gushungo.
*Gokwom vanoti gwata (n. forked pole (hut)) kureva mhandi.
*Gokwom vanoti kaka (n. grandmother) kureva ambuya. Mamwe mazwi: kalang (n. groundnut) kureva nzungu.
*Gokwom vanoti kita (n. shirt) kureva hembe. Mamwe mazwi: kɨlanzɨ (n. grasshopper) kureva hwiza.
*Gokwom vanoti kwaŋa (n. pumpkin) kureva nhanga. Mamwe mazwi: kwapa (n. ring) kureva rhinghi.
*Gokwom vanoti oshon (adv. correct) kureva zvakarungama.
*Gokwom vanoti para (n. 1. platform, 2. lookout platform for fields).
*Gokwom vanoti rita (n. wild cat).
*Gokwom vanoti saiti (n. watch). Mamwe mazwi: wada kana **watala** (n. fox). 
*Gokwom vanoti som (n. father) kureva baba.
*Gokwom vanoti shara (n. calf muscle) kureva tsapfu.
*Gokwom vanoti ssʉ  (n. river) kureva rwizi.
*Gokwom vanoti ssʉlʉagɨ (v. drop, dribble ; drip, sopping wet) kureva kuduza kana kutota.
*Gokwom vanoti ssʉmbɨ (n. snail ) kureva hozhwa.
*Gokwom vanoti sswana (n, gureza monkey) imhando yetsoko.
*Gokwom vanoti washa (adv. quick, fast ) kureva kukasira.
*Gokwom vanoti zama (n. wound) kureva chironda.
*Gokwom vanoti zɨsh (adj. new, repaired) kureva chitsva.

Duramazwi racho rinowanikwa pa **webonary.org**.
Mazwi anoshandisa Ruamba

**Ruamba-** kana **Unena-** (Chingezi: ology; -logy)

## A

## B

## C

## M

## P

## S

## Mabasa

* Ruambandanga kana Unenandanga (psychology) munhu anosevenza mubazi iri anonzi Chiambandanga (psychologist) neChiomborandanga (psychiatrist)
* Ruambamhenyu kana Unenamhenyu (biology) munhu anosevenza mubazi iri anonzi Chiambamhenyu (biologist)
* Ruambamuta kana Unenamuta (physiology), munhu anosevenza mubazi iri anonzi Chiambamuta (physiologist)
* Ruambamutamutenda kana Unenamutamutenda (pathophysiology) uye munhu anosevenza mubazi iri anonzi Chiambamutamutenda (pathophysiologist)
* Ruambanzanga kana Unenanzanga (sociology) uye munhu anosevenza mubazi iri anonzi Chiambanzanga (sociologist)
* Ruambanyeredzi kana Unenanyeredzi (astrology) munhu anosevenza mubazi iri anonzi Chiambanyeredzi (astrologist / astrologer)
* Ruambangano kana Unenangano (mythology) munhu anosevenza mubazi iri anonzi Chiambangano (mythologist)

## Vashandi wemabasa

## Mitauro yeBantu
Bh

**Bh** (ridoko "**bh**"; zita raro ndi **Bha**) ibhii reChishona, uye ibhiihwaro rinoshandiswa kuvumba mamwe matarabhii. Bh chinzvanyira chiri mumurondedzwa wemabhiihwaro euhefero, rinoteverwa na Ph.

## Chirevo:



## Mabviro eruzivo:
Mazita e muBhaibheri

*<small>tarisai futi [[bhaibheri]]</small>*

Peji rinori ndere mazita e muBhaibheri sezvaanozivikwa muChihebheru, Chiamhari kana Chigiriki.

## Mazita anozivikwa

### Mazita eChirume

* Shemoni, Simoni; Shimiyoni
* Josefa (Josefi); Yosefa (Yosefi); Yusefa (Yusefi)
* Ereyaza (אלעזר El-azar (Lazarus)
* Yehudha; Yudha; Judha (יהודה Y'hudah)
* Yohanani; Yohani, Johani (יוֹחָנָן‎ Yohanan)
* Yesu; Yeshua (יֵשׁוּעַ‎  Yehoshua/Yoshua)
* Abhurahama; Bawehama (Abraham)
* Abhuramu (Abram)
*Eriya 
*Meteo; Maseu
*Yakobho, Jakobho; Yakubhu; Jakove
*Yemosi, Jemosi, Yemusi, Jemusi

### Mazita eChikadzi

* Maria; Mariya
* Rute
* Sarai

## Mazita e muBhaibheri mu risti
Mazita e muBhaibheri anotanga na A

Mazita e muBhaibheri anotanga na B

Mazita e muBhaibheri anotanga na Ch

Mazita e muBhaibheri anotanga na D

Mazita e muBhaibheri anotanga na E

Mazita e muBhaibheri anotanga na F

Mazita e muBhaibheri anotanga na G

Mazita e muBhaibheri anotanga na H

Mazita e muBhaibheri anotanga na I

Mazita e muBhaibheri anotanga na J

Mazita e muBhaibheri anotanga na K

Chishona hachina L saka mazwi uye mazita ane L anoshandurwa achinyorwa na R.

Mazita e muBhaibheri anotanga na M

Mazita e muBhaibheri anotanga na N

Mazita e muBhaibheri anotanga na O

Mazita e muBhaibheri anotanga na P

Chishina hachina Q futi.

Mazita e muBhaibheri anotanga na R

Mazita e muBhaibheri anotanga na S

Mazita e muBhaibheri anotanga na T

Mazita e muBhaibheri anotanga na U

Mazita e muBhaibheri anotanga na V

Mazita e muBhaibheri anotanga na W

Chishona hachina X futi.

Mazita e muBhaibheri anotanga na Y

Mazita e muBhaibheri anotanga na Z

## Mazita echishona anotodza bhaibheri
zekariya = isheakaraka, ishearangarira, isheayeuka 

amosi = Murandawashe

isheakaringa
Bhahari

*<small>Tarisai futi [[Mabhahari e pasirose]], uye [[Magungwa e pasirose]]</small>*

**Bhahari**  (nge. *sea*) ishoko reChishona rakabva kuChiarabhu nekuda kweChiswahiri rinoshandiswa kusiyanisa gungwa ne iro bhahari, chikamu chidoko chemakungwa. Bhahari rakakabatana segungwa re pasirose kana gungwa basi, uye ndiro mwiri wemvura une munyu unovhara 71 huwandu hwe Rinopasi rese. Izwi rekuti gungwa rinoshandiswawo kureva zvikamu zvechipiri zvegungwa, zvakaita seBhahari re Medhiteraniya, pamwe nemamwe makuru, akavhara zvachose, madziva emunyu, seBhahari re Kaspiya.

## Zita
Zita rekuti bhahari rakabva kuizwi reChiarabhu, rekuti **''bahar** (*بهار) asi nekuti mazwi echishona haaperi asina zvinzvovera, panowedzerwa 'i'.

Izvi zvinogona kunge zvakaitika muchinyakare, paisangna [[Vashona]] ne[[Vaswahili|Vaswahiri]] uye [[Vaarabhu]] pavaigovana zvinhu. Izwi rinowanikwa ku [[Swahili|Chiswahiri]] futi, vakaritora kubva kuChiarabhu wo, uye vanowedzera 'i' sezvinoita Vashona. Pamusoro pezvo vanorishandisa kutaura nezve gungwa uye ne iro bhahari, asi vanoti *bahari kuu* (bhahari kuru) vachireva gungwa, vozoti *bahari* chete vachireva bhahari.

== Mabhahari e nyika ==
*Chinyorwa chikuru chiri ku: Udorongodzwa hwe mabhahari*

* [[Gungwa Mediterranean|Bhahari re Medhiteraniya]]
* [[Bhahari re Kaspiya]]
* [[Bhahari Dzvuku]]

== Mubhaibheri ==
[[Yesu|Yeshua]] vakatsiura bhahari rika[[dzikama]] pakare pakare - *Jesus rebuked the sea and it became calm right away.''

## Ringai zve:

* Ruandhle
* Gungwa
* Nyanza
* Gwizi

## Mabviro eruzivo
Gungwa rekuChamhembe

*<small>Tarisai futi peji rekuti [[Gungwa]]</small>*

**Gungwa rekuChamhembe** (kana muChingezi: Southern Ocean)  igungwa riri kuchamhembe chepasirose.
Vhenekeratsvimborume

**Vhenekeratsvimborume**  (chikwangwani: ; pachidi rinoreva kuti "chinovhenekesa zhira yetsvimborume" ku Chingezi: *Jupiter*) kana **Mveniki** (mukupfupisa zita) ndicho chindeya chechishanu kubva kuzuva, uye chakakurisa kudarika zvimwe zvindeya zviri mu mutandiro we mushana. Mveneki chindeya chegasi, uye ndicho chiro chemuchadenga chakavheneka kwazvo chichienderana nevamwe vacho senge Mwedzi na Hweva.

## Ringai zve:

* Chindeya
* Mutandira weMushana
* Ngano dzaVhenekeratsvimborume 
* Upanganyedzi

## Mabviro eruzivo
Kuambura

Kuambura (to dig, groundnuts, nyimo etc.) apa zvichireva kuchera nzungu kana nyimo.

## Mitauro yeAfrika

*IsiZulu vanoti **ambula** (Remove a covering, uncover, unveil, unscreen. Bantu - yambula: break contact) kureva kufugura.
*Hadiyya inoti amba (vicinity, neighborhood, village, settlement).
Nafanan

Nafanan kana Nafaanra mutauro weAfrika unowanikwa kumusoro kwakadziva madokero eGhana pedyo nemuganhu weIvory Coast. 

## Mazwi Anotodza Bantu

*Nafanan vanoti aa (interjection showing fright or surprise) kureva aa. 
*Nafanan vanoti chombo (n. spear) kureva pfumo. 
*Nafanan vanoti taanhaa (n. step or climbing place) kureva danho. 
*Nafanan vanoti paara (v. talk) kureva kutaura.  Fananidzai nokuti kuparidza?
*Nafanan vanoti liwo (adj. edible) kureva chidyiwa. Fananidzai nokuti muriwo?
*Nafanan vanoti kobo (n. penny). 
*Nafanan vanoti kotolo (n. bowl or dish made of clay) kureva mbiya kana ndiro yedhaga. 
*Nafanan vanoti kuwee (n. owl) kureva zizi. 
*Nafanan vanoti kabiile (n. natives) kureva rudzi rwepo. Swahili vanoti **kabila** (a tribe, subdivision of a tribe). 
*Nafanan vanoti jaara (prep. side, beside). 
*Nafanan vanoti jele (n. leg) kureva gumbo. 
*Nafanan vanoti jese (n. thread) kureva shinda. 
*Nafanan vanoti jira (n. lion) kureva shumba. 
*Nafanan vanoti jiri (v. give birth, hatch or multiply) kureva kuzvara. 
*Nafanan vanoti juru (n. harp - a musical instrument). 
*Nafanan vanoti hlo (n. elephant) kureva nzou. 
*Nafanan vanoti hali (adv. even) kureva kuenzana.  

## Mamwe Mazwi
 
*Nafanan vanoti baare (n. wooden hammer, mallet) kureva nyundo. 
*Nafanan vanoti bie (n. seed) kureva mbeu. 
*Nafanan vanoti chasi (adj. neat) kureva kutsvinda. 
*Nafanan vanoti chiriri (adv. well). 
*Nafanan vanoti chrɛwɛ (n. egg) kureva zai. 
*Nafanan vanoti chuuli (n. gorge). 
*Nafanan vanoti dram kana **ndram** (n. weather; climate) kureva wetha. 
*Nafanan vanoti vala (adj. wide) kureva kufara. Mamwe mazwi: valam (n. width) kureva hwasha. 
*Nafanan vanoti viŋge (v. turn) kureva kutendeuka. 
*Nafanan vanoti tuni (v. quarrelling) kureva kupopota. 
*Nafanan vanoti saara (n. for the benefit/grace). 
*Nafanan vanoti sam kana **samu** (n. border) kureva muganhu. 
*Nafanan vanoti san (v. decorate, adorn). Mamwe mazwi: sani (v. decorating) kureva kudavada. 
*Nafanan vanoti sele (n. family, relatives) kureva mhuri. 
*Nafanan vanoti sholo (adj. erect - as in standing erect). 
*Nafanan vanoti paala (n. custom) kureva tsika. 
*Nafanan vanoti naara (n. butter, cheese) kureva bhata kana chizi. 
*Nafanan vanoti nafa (v. prosper, benefit) kureva kubudirira. 
*Nafanan vanoti ndoo (n. 1. place; 2. father). 
*Nafanan vanoti mbaala (n. sheep) kureva hwayi. 
*Nafanan vanoti muyira (n. lighter). 
*Nafanan vanoti lafolo (n. stream) kureva rukorodzi. 
*Nafanan vanoti leele (n. people) kureva vanhu. 
*Nafanan vanoti lelaa (n. person without family) munhu asina hama. 
*Nafanan vanoti lɛɛlɛ (v. hesitate; bend down). 
*Nafanan vanoti luuluu (n. spring of water) kureva chisipiti. 
*Nafanan vanoti kaha (n. joke) kureva nyambo. 
*Nafanan vanoti katala (n. trouble). Fananidzai nokuti kukataza?
*Nafanan vanoti kombo (n. hyena) kureva bere. 
*Nafanan vanoti kondala (middle of the road). 

**Duramazwi rinowanikwa paWebonary**.
Kutyora muzura

Kutyora muzura (to curtsy on bended knees) zvinoreva kukotamisa mabvi senzira yekuremekedza; izvi zvichiitwa pakukwazisana, kugamuchira kana kupa chinhu. Mutsika dzeVaShona, kutyora muzura kunoitwa nevanhukadzi.

## Mitauro yeAfrika

*Kasem vanoti zula (n. respect, honour, worship). Mamwe mazwi: zuli (v. respect, honour, praise). Fananidzai nokuti kutyora mazura?
*Kikongo vanoti zula (v. to stand quite still).
Uta (nyeredzi)

Ruambanyeredzi | ♈︎ | ♉︎ | ♊︎ | ♋︎ | ♌︎ | ♍︎ | ♎︎ | ♏︎ | **<u>♐︎</u>** | ♑︎ | ♒︎ | ♓︎ | 

**Uta** (ku Chingezi: sagittarius) **Utati** kana sajiterisi tichirerutsa chingezi. Nyavada ndicho chiratido chechipfumbamwe cheRuambanyeredzi muZodhiyaki, ichibva kuboka renyeredzi raUtati. Zuva rinoyambutsa chiratidzo ichi pakati pamusi wa 22 Mbudzi kusvika 22 Zvita.

Uta anoteerwa na Mbudzi nyeredzi ye chigumi, uye iyo Uta inoteerawo Nyavada.
Mbudzi (nyeredzi)

Ruambanyeredzi | ♈︎ | ♉︎ | ♊︎ | ♋︎ | ♌︎ | ♍︎ | ♎︎ | ♏︎ | ♐︎ | **<u>♑︎</u>** | ♒︎ | ♓︎ | 

**Mbudzi** (ku Chingezi: capircorn) kana kapurikoni tichirerutsa chingezi. Mbudzi ndicho chiratido che chigumi cheRuambanyeredzi muZodhiyaki, ichibva kuboka renyeredzi raMbudzi. Zuva rinoyambutsa chiratidzo ichi pakati pamusi wa 22 Zvita kusvika 19 Ndira.

Mbudzi anoteera Chirongo nyeredzi chipiri, uye iyo Mbudzi inoteerawo Uta.
Chidzidzo

**Chidzidzo** (ku Chingezi: lesson) kana **chifundo** inzira yekudzidza kana chiito chekupa ruzivo, kubva kumunhu ane ruzivo, chokwadi uye uchenjeri uzhinji kune mumwe munhu ane ruzivo rwakaderera pamusoro pezvinhu zvirikudzidzwa.

Nzvimbo yakajairika inowanzo unzwa zvidzidzo kuvanhu ndeye chikoro, uko mudzidzisi anopa ruzivo kune vadzidzi. Chidzidzo mumamiriro akadaro chinowanzove chaka setwa chakaganhurwa kuti chifokasa pazvidzodzo zvinokwana mukarikyuramu inoenderera nezvinodiwa nehurumende uye nechikoro chacho. Kazhinji zvinosanganisira zvinhu zvakaita se sainzi (chemishonga, fundoyetsimba, ruambamhenyu nezvimwe), uye chitendero (dzimwe nguva), nhoroondo, mitauro, uvaranomwe uye mhanzi (dzimwe nguva futi). Zvakare kune kudzidza kwepamusoro uko kune zvifundo zvizhinji saka kunotendera kuti vadzidzi vasarudze zvavanoda kudzidza kubva pane zvidzidzo zvakawanda uye zvakasiyana.

## Chirongwa che chidzidzo
Paunenge uchigadzira chirongwa chechidzidzo zvakajairwa kutarisa zvinotevera:

* Zvinangwa (zvinangwa zvakakura zvechidzidzo, kunofanhira kusvikwa nechidzidzo)
* Donzvo (zvakanangwa, zviyero zvinoyera zvechidzidzo - humwe hunyanzvi kana ruzivo vadzidzi vanofanirwa kunge vakawana nemhedzisiro yacho)
* Huwandu hwevanhu varipo kupihwa chidzidzo uye reshiyo yevadzidzi kumudzidzisi
* Ruzivo rwekare rwevadzidzi (rwunogona kunge rwakasiyana kana kukafanana kuvanhu vese varipo) uye kuti izvi zvichaitwa sei pakutanga kwechidzidzo
* Kurudziro yevadzidzi (vadzidzi vechikoro, semuenzaniso, havana imwe sarudzo kunze kwekuenda saka mudzidzisi anofanira kuvaka rumwe rudzi rwekurudziro muchidzidzo)
* Nguva inodiwa pachikamu chega chega chekudzidzisa uye kuchidzidza
* Izvo zviwanikwa zvinodiwa uye zviripo
* Kugadzirira zvinodiwa zvakasiyana (tsika dzakasiyana, masitayera ekudzidza, zvidikanwi) zvevanhu
* Maonerwo achaitwa chidzidzo ichi

## Mamwe mapeji ekutarisa

* Fundo
* *Cognitive acceleration*
* Kudzidza neMudzidzisi (Learning by teacher (LdL) kuchingezi)
* Chidzidzo cheMhanzi
Chayina Huru

"**Chayina Huru**" (Nge: *greater China*) inzvimbo isina kurongwa yenzvimbo inogovana zvisungo zvekutengeserana netsika yeVahan (Machayina echiHan). Pfungwa ye "Chayina Huru" inoreva nzvimbo inowanzo batanidza Chayina Nyikahuru, Hong'u Kong'u (*Hong Kong*), Makawo, neTaiwani kuMabvazuva eEzhiya.  Vamwe vaongorori vanogona zvakare kusanganisira dzimwe nzanga dze Chayina dzinogara pasirese senge Singapore. Izwi iri rinogona kuverengerwa kusanganisira "kubatanidza pakati penharaunda dzechiChayina nzanga". 

## Kushandisa
Makambani emarudzi mazhinji anowanzo shandisa izwi iri kutumidza dzimbahwe redunhu. Somuenzaniso, P & G anorishandisa zita Headquarter yaro romunharaunda muna Guangzhou kuti uyewo unoshanda Hong'u Kong'u uye Taipei, Taiwan. Epo inoishandisa kumuzinda wayo wedunhu muShanghai . 

Masayunivhesiti pakati pemamwe masosi ekutsvagisa akadai seYunivhesiti ye Korumbiya anoshandisa izwi rekuti kudzidza kwenzvimbo. 

Izwi iri rinowanzo shandiswa kudzivirira kusaunza kunetseka pamusoro pezvematongerwo enyika eTaiwani.
Mitauro yeSinitiki

*Tarisai futi peji re [[Mitauro yeSino-Tibheti]] uye [[Chichayina]]*

Mitauro **yeSinitiki**, inowanzo fananidzwa ne "**mitauro yeChichayina** ", inoumba bazi hombe remhuri yemitauro yeSino-Tibheti. Izvo zvinowanzo kurudzirwa kuti pane pekutanga kupatsanurana pakati pemitauro yeSinitiki nevamwe vese vemhuri (mitauro yeTibheto-Bhema), asi maonero aya anorambwa nenhamba iri kuwedzera yevaongorori. Iyo Bai mitauro , ine kupatsanurwa kwakaomarara, inogona kunge iri nhungirwa yeKereke yeChichayina uye nekudaro chiSinitiki;  zvikasadaro Sinitiki inotsanangurwa chete nemhando dzakasiyana dzeChichayina, uye mashandisirwo ezwi rekuti "Sinitiki" anogona kuratidza maonero emitauro ekuti maChichayina anoumba mhuri yemitauro yakasarudzika, kwete kusiana kwemutauro mumwe. 

## Huwandu
Huwandu hunofungidzirwa hwevatauri vemapazi akakura emitauro yeSinitiki, yakatorwa kubva kuhuwandu kana fungidziro (2020) uye yakakomberedzwa: 

## Mitauro

* ? Macro-Bai
** Bai languages
** Caijia
** Longjia († ?)
** Luren (†?)
* Chinese
** Ba-Shu †
*** Minjiang dialect (disputed)
** Min
*** Inland Min
**** Northern Min (*Minbei*)
**** Shaojiang
**** Central Min (*Minzhong*)
*** Coastal Min
**** Eastern Min (*Mindong*, incl. Fuzhou dialect)
**** Puxian Min
**** Southern Min ( *Minnan* )
***** Hokkien (incl. Amoy dialect and Taiwanese)
***** Chaoshan (incl. Teochew dialect)
***** Longyan
***** Zhenan
***** Datian (disputed)
***** Zhongshan (disputed, some dialects may be Eastern Min)
**** Leizhou
**** Hainanese (*Qiongwen*)
** Guan (Northern Chinese)
*** Jin
*** Central Mandarin Chinese (incl. Standard Chinese and Dungan, spoken by Hui Chinese in Central Asia, and Taz, of the Russian Far East)
*** Lower Yangtze Mandarin (incl. Nanjing dialect)
*** Southwestern Mandarin (incl. Sichuanese dialect)
*** Changyi Xiang (New Xiang)
** Xiang/Hunanese (Old Xiang)
*** Loushao Xiang
*** Jixu Xiang (Chenxu Xiang)
*** Yongquan Xiang
*** Hengzhou Xiang
** Huizhou
*** Yanzhou Hui
*** Jingzhan Hui
*** Xiuyi Hui
*** Jishe Hui
*** Qide Hui (Qiwu Hui)
** Wu
*** Oujiang Wu (incl. Wenzhounese dialect)
*** mainstream Wu
**** Central Wu
***** Taihu Wu (incl. Shanghainese dialect)
***** Taizhou Wu
**** Chuqu Wu
**** Wuzhou Wu
**** Xuanzhou Wu
** Gan–Hakka
*** Hakka
*** Gan
**** Changdu
**** Yiliu
**** Jicha
**** Fuguang
**** Yingyi
**** Datong
**** Leizi
**** Dongsui
**** Huaiyue
** Yue
*** Yuehai (incl. Cantonese dialect)
*** Siyi Yue (incl. Taishanese dialect)
*** Yong-Xun Yue (incl. Nanning dialect )
*** Goulou Yue (incl. Bobai dialect )
*** Luo-Guang Yue
*** Gao-Yang Yue
*** Qin-Lian Yue
*** Wu-Hua Yue
** Pinghua
*** Northern Ping
*** Southern Ping

There are additional, unclassified varieties, including:

* Shaozhou Tuhua
* Badong Yao
* Danzhou
* Junjia
* Lingling
* May
* She
* Waxiang
* Yeheni ("Yao")
Kubayira Zanhi

Kubayira Zanhi zvinoreva kunyeurira pamwe nekutsiura.

*Kuruma nzeve 

## Mitauro yeAfrika

*Waalii vanoti zanni; zanna; daanhi; daanha (v. learn)- fananidzai nokuti kubaira zanhi. Mamwe mazwi: zanna; daanha (n. learner). 
*Wali vanoti zannuu; daanhibu (v. learning) kureva chidzidzo.
*Hausa vanoti sani (1.n. knowledge; 2.v. to know) kureva ruzivo.
Munyavi

**Munyavi** izita remhuri rinowanikwa muZimbabwe. 

*Vanhu vane zita iri: Victor Munyavi; Mutsa Munyavi; Ruvimbo Munyavi; Patience Munyavi.

## Mitauro yeAfrika

Pano panyorwa mazwi ari pedyo nezita iri kune mimwe mitauro yeAfrica, asi zvinoreva zita zvigona kusiyana zvachose nemazwi ari pasi aya. Chinangwa ndechekutsvaga zvinoreva mazita, zvikurusei kana mazita aya asisiri kutaurwa mumutauro wemazuva ano.

*Waalii vanoti nyaaba (abasement; defamation; denigrate; libel on). Mamwe mazwi: nyaaba; yalimbu (n. denigration; disgrace) kusvipisa zita.
*Wali vanoti nyaabi (v. discomfit - to confuse and deject; disconcert). Mamwe mazwi: nyaaba (n. chagrin; humiliation).
Chihera sezita

**Chihera** izita remhuri rinowanikwa muZimbabwe. 

*Vanhu vane zita iri: Tinotenda Chihera; Calisto Chihera; Ephraim Chihera; Ruvimbo Chihera.

## Mitauro yeAfrika

Pano panyorwa mazwi ari pedyo nezita iri kune mimwe mitauro yeAfrica, asi zvinoreva zita zvigona kusiyana zvachose nemazwi ari pasi aya. Chinangwa ndechekutsvaga zvinoreva mazita, zvikurusei kana mazita aya asisiri kutaurwa mumutauro wemazuva ano.

*Wali vanoti chieraa (n. flint - a hard stone. Piece of metal used to produce spark in a lighter). 
*Waalii vanoti chieraa (n. lighter - a flame producing device) kureva gwenya.
Mutaa

**Mutaa** izita remhuri rinowanikwa kuKenya. 

*Vanhu vane zita iri: Lydia Mutaa; Mutaa Mbuti; Mercy Mutaa; Lucy Mutaa.

## Mitauro yeAfrika

Pano panyorwa mazwi ari pedyo nezita iri kune mimwe mitauro yeAfrica, asi zvinoreva zita zvigona kusiyana zvachose nemazwi ari pasi aya. Chinangwa ndechekutsvaga zvinoreva mazita, zvikurusei kana mazita aya asisiri kutaurwa mumutauro wemazuva ano.

*Waalii vanoti taa; tari, ‘so (v. possess) kuva ne. Mamwe mazwi: daalung; ‘so; taa/tari (adj. possessive).
*Waalii vanoti tara; ‘soro; daana (n. possessor) kureva uyo ane chinhu charehwa.
Manyina sezita

**Manyina** izita revanhu rinowanikwa muSouth Sudan, Kenya neIndia. 

*Vanhu vane zita iri: Manyina Tona; Nicholas Manyina; Mzuri Manyina; Portia Manyina.

## Mitauro yeAfrika

Pano panyorwa mazwi ari pedyo nezita iri kune mimwe mitauro yeAfrica, asi zvinoreva zita zvigona kusiyana zvachose nemazwi ari pasi aya. Chinangwa ndechekutsvaga zvinoreva mazita, zvikurusei kana mazita aya asisiri kutaurwa mumutauro wemazuva ano.

*Waalii vanoti nyinii (n. 1. prong - any pointed, projecting part; 2. tine of a fork or rake). 
*Wali vanoti tari nyina; bung nyina (adj. pronged). Mamwe mazwi: woo nyinii (n. tusk).
*VaWaalii nyina (n. teeth) kureva mazino. Mamwe mazwi: nyinii (n. tooth) kureva zino.
Nhari sezita

Nhari izita remhuri rinowanikwa muZimbabwe. 

*Vanhu vane zita iri: Rogers Nhari; Nomatter Nhari; Edith Nhari; naThomas Nhari anotaurwa munhoroondo yeChimurenga.
*-dara (be clear, understandable - of speech) zvichireva kutaura zvakajeka zvinonzwisisika. Zvichida ndipo panobva zita rokuti: Nhari (eloquent speaker).

## Mamwe Mazwi

*Nhari (n. eloquent speaker) rinoreva munhu anogona kutaura zvinobata moyo yevanhu. Fananidzai nokuti naari sezviri kumutauro weWaalii.
*-dara (be clear, understandable - of speech) zvichireva kutaura zvakajeka zvinonzwisisika. Zvichida ndipo panobva zita rokuti Darare? 

## Mitauro yeAfrika

Pano panyorwa mazwi ari pedyo nezita iri kune mimwe mitauro yeAfrika, asi zvinoreva zita zvigona kusiyana zvachose nemazwi ari pasi.

*Njem inoti tala (adv. first, firstly) kureva chekutanga. Gyeli inoti matala (n. beginning. From:táalɛ - begin) kureva mavambo. Fananidzai nokuti yakadara? (It's easy or elementary).
*Zigula vanoti tali, utali, chitali, mtali (tall, tallness, long, distant) - hurefu. Mamwe mazwi: -tali (tall, long, deep). Kutaliha (v. to increase in height).
*VaKagulu neNsenga vanoti utali (n. length, tallness, distance) kureva hurefu. VaKagulu vanoti ku-tenda utali kureva kurebesa.
*VaKagulu vanoti katali (ancient, a long time ago) vachireva karekare. VaKagulu vanoti katalina katali (ever and ever) vachireva karekare.
*Waalii vanoti naari (v. protract - draw out or lengthen; extend the duration of; prolong; procrastinate; delay; hinder; slow; tarry) kureva kurebesa. 
*Teke-Kukuya inoti ntaali (n. snake) kureva nyoka.
Machani sezita

**Machani** izita remhuri rinowanikwa muZimbabwe neKenya. 

*Vanhu vane zita iri: Machani Mtuta; Moses Machani; Vongai Machani; Melisa Machani.

## Mitauro yeAfrika

Pano panyorwa mazwi ari pedyo nezita iri kune mimwe mitauro yeAfrica, asi zvinoreva zita zvigona kusiyana zvachose nemazwi ari pasi aya. Chinangwa ndechekutsvaga zvinoreva mazita, zvikurusei kana mazita aya asisiri kutaurwa mumutauro wemazuva ano.

*VaWaalii vanoti chaanii (n. radiance) kureva kubwinya. Mamwe mazwi: chaana (adj. radiant).
*VaWaalii vanoti chaang (n. radiate) kureva kubwinya.
Matuma

**Matuma** izita revanhu rinowanikwa kuSouth Africa, Kenya neTanzania. 

*Vanhu vane zita iri: Matuma Legodi; Matuma Makwela; Purity Matuma; Abraham Matuma .

## Mitauro yeAfrika

Pano panyorwa mazwi ari pedyo nezita iri kune mimwe mitauro yeAfrica, asi zvinoreva zita zvigona kusiyana zvachose nemazwi ari pasi aya. Chinangwa ndechekutsvaga zvinoreva mazita, zvikurusei kana mazita aya asisiri kutaurwa mumutauro wemazuva ano.

*Waalii vanoti **tuma** (n. making; work) kureva kugadzira.
*Waalii vanoti nyina tuma (n. dentistry. From nyina/tooth; tuma/work).
Tsine

**Tsine** (black jack; bidens pilosa) rudzi rwesora runoita maruva ane minzwa mitema inonamira pamachira.

*Mhundu (Black Jack seed) mbeu yetsine.

## Mitauro yeAfrika

*Venda inoti mushidzhi (n. Bidens pilosa) kureva tsine. VaTsonga vanooti muxiji (n. Bidens pilosa) kureva tsine.
*South Sotho vanoti mohonyane, moonyane kana mokolonyane (n. Bidens pilosa) kureva tsine.
*Sepedi vanoti monyane kana mogwete (n. undergrowth). Waalii vanoti moo/mosogu (n. undergrowth).
*Kihehe inoti mubangalala (n. Bidens pilosa) kureva tsine.
Bepa

**Bepa** (nge. *sheet; paper*) kana **pepa**, ishoko reChishona rakabva kuChingezi. Pahuwandu tinoti **mapepa**. Mukutaura paChivanhu tinoti Zanhi kureva *peji* kana Shakanhi kureva iro *bepa*.

Rinowanikwa zve pashoko rokuti bepanhau kana pepanhua.
## Ringai zve:
* Zanhi
*Hwani
*N'wadhi
*Tsamba
*Shakanhi
Udorongodzwa

**Udorongodzwa** (kureva *list; order*) kana **udorongoshwa** imhando ye unumeri (*enumeration*).

Inogona kunzi **[[runyorwa]]** (*Index; guide*) kana **[[rutarwa]]** (*catalogue; log*)

## Tarisai mamwe mapeji

* Kudorongotsa
* Mazanhi anotanga na Udorongodzwa

## Mabviro eruzivo
Magazini

**Magazini** (ku Chingezi: magazine) kana imhando re nwadhi (bhuku) rinoverengwa ne vanhu. Mamagazini haana kufanana nemanwadhi enguva dzose, nekuti yekuti vhezheni itsva yemagazini inodhindwa kakawanda gore rega rega. Magazini imhando ye rupoterera .

Dzinodaidzwa kunzi maupoterera (*periodicals*) nekuti shanduro dzinoburitswa pa rudido yakagadziswa (*fixed frequency*). Magazini anodhindwa pabepa. Vanhu kazhinji vanofanira nokunyora magwaro kwavari. Muenzaniso magazini iri *Time*.  Kune magazini pamusoro pezvinhu zvakawanda.

Magazini akafanana nemapepanhau, asi kazhinji nguva iri pakati peshanduro nyowani yakareba. Imwe neimwe inoda mari yakawanda, uye mazhinji ane mavara pane peji rega rega. Zvakare, dzimwe nguva magazini anouya nezvipo zvidiki kupa mubairo kune vaverengi vanozvitenga.

## Vambo rezita
Shoko rekuti "magazini" rinobva kuChifurenji chePakati *magasin* zvichireva "imba yekuchengetera, depo (*depot*), chitoro", kubva kuItari *magazzino*, kubva kuChiarabhu *makhazin* , huwandu hwe *makhzan* zvinoreva "imba yekuchengetera".  Mupfungwa yayo yepakutanga, izwi rekuti "magazini" raireva nzvimbo yekuchengetera kana dhivhaisi (*device*). Kana zvakanyorwa nwadhi, rinoreva dzakaunganidzwa akanyorwa nyaya.

## Mapeji ekutarisa

* Mamagazini e muZimbabwe
* Mamagazini eMhanzi
* Mamagazini ehambautare

## Mabviro eruzivo
Yuranisi

*<small>Peji rino rinogona kubviswa kana zita rechindeya ichi rikawanikwa.</small>*

*<small>Tarisai futi peji re [[Chindeya]].</small>*

**Yuranisi** (kutora shoko reChingezi: uranus; chikwangwani: ) kana **[[Rivusamatenga]]** (*muvusi wematenga*), izita rechindeya che chinomwe mumutandiro wemushana muzvechadenga.

## Zita
Yuranisi izita riri kutorwa kubva kuVarungu.

Pamwe Yuranisi anganzi:

* Rivusamatenga, Nyavusamatenga, Muvusamatenga 
* muronzadenga kana muronzamatenga (anoronza matenga),
Bhumi

**Bhumi** (kuChingezi: wolf) **bhumhi** kana *chimbwa bhumhi* (*canis lupus)* imhuka ye raya rechikara. Rine mazita akasiyana se bhumi rettimbha uye bhumi pfumbu. Ndiyo tateguru ye imbwa dze chipfuyo. Muzvifundo zvemazuva ano zvakaonekwa kuti imbwa ye chipfuyo yakabva kubhumi dzakapfuywa (*tamed*), pakutodza nguva muudzokashure kuchamhembe cheRwizi Yangtze kuChayina makore akatanga kuona dziva re azvakatanga kuitika haadarike 163,000. Kune madzasirudzi (*subspecies*) e bhumi akasiyana, senge Bhumi re Akitiki. Mamwe madzasirudzi akadorongodzwa pane marudzi ari panjodzi (*endangered species*), asi pamusoro pezvose, *chimbwa bhumhi* iri pa IUCN yakagiredhwa semhuka dzisingaverengerwi njodzi.

## Zita

* Zita rebhumi rinowanzo shandurwa se mhumhi paGuguru, uye mubhaibheri, asi shoko iri rinomirira mhuka inozivikanwa se 'Imbwa ye Afurika yemusango', saka hazviiti kuti zita iri (mhumhi) ripihwe kumhuka yeimwe, yedu ichisiyiwa isina zita.  
* Vamwe vatauri weChishona vanoti bumhi kushevedza mhumhi.
* Nekuda kwemazita maviri aya, shoko rekuti bhumi uye bhumhi riri kushandiswa kumirira iyo 'wolf', nekuti, imhando yembwa yemusango futi. Saka zita rekuti bhumi kana bumhi rinogona kuramba richishandiswa. 
* Saka **bhumi** inogona kunzi *bumhi*, kwete mhumhi. Zita rekuti bhumi riri kushandiswa kakuru pano kuitira kuti vatauri vemumwe mitauro yeChishona vasakanganiswe kana vachiziva mhumhi sebumhi.

## Ratidziko
Bhumi hombe dzinowanzo kura masvika 1.4 kana 1.8 mamita (4.6 kusvika 5.9 ft) muhurefu kubva kumhuno kusvika kumuskwe zvichienderana ne madzasirudzi. Bhumi dzinogara kumawodzanyemba anowanzowa mahombe kudarika anogara kuchamhembe. Bhumi kuru dzinowanzo rema zviripakati pe 23 kusvika 50 makeiji (51 kusvika 110 lb). Bhumi yairemesa yakanyorwa yaive 86 makeiji (190 lb).

Bhumi ine mazoru (*mazzle*) refu, mazhebe madiki, makumbo marefu uye muskwe murefu wakaita segwenzi.

Bhumi dzinowanzo pimwa  26 kusvika 38 manichi (*inches*) (66 kusvika 97 cm) pabendekete. Bhumi dzine mbava (*fur*) yakagadzirwa nemahwada maviri. Hwada repamusoro mukwesa netsvina uye hwda repasi rinokwesa mvura. Ruvara rwembava hwadzo hunogona kusanganisa pfumbu, chena, tawupe (*taupe*), mbise, uye tema.

## Mamwe Mashoko
*<small>Tarisai futi [[Upangamutowo]]</small>*

* Hupangu muSainzi (scientific classification)
* Kingdom - Muvuso kubva kushoko rekuti Muvuso (kingdom; state)
* Phylum - faramu
* Class - musaku
* Order - raya
* suborder - dzasiraya (suborder "under order")
* Subgroups - nyasiboka
* species - rudzi
*subspecies - dzasirudzi
* genus - mbari
*subgenus - dzasimbari
* family - mhuri
*subfamily - dzasimhuri 

## Mifananidzo

File:Golden wolf small.jpg|Bhumi ye Afurika
File:West Siberian Laika x Gray Wolf.png|Bhumi ye pfumbu
File:Black and White Wolves.jpg|Bhumi chena ne tema
File:Loups arctiques DSCF4938.jpg|bhumi chena kana bhumi ye akitiki
File:Maned Wolf (6027167431).jpg|Bhumi ine zenze


## Mamwe mapeji ekutarisa

* Mhumhi
* Imbwa
* Bere
* Upangamutowo 
*Mbwa 

## Mabviro eruzivo
Mupopo

Mupopo muti unobereka muchero unodyiwa unonzi popo.

## Mitauro yeAfrika

*Mmen vanoti pòpo (n. papaya, pawpaw) kureva popo. 
*Hun-Saare vanoti gwanda (n. papaya) kureva popo.
Moba

**Moba** mutauro weAfrika unowanikwa kuTogo. 

## Mazwi Anotodza Bantu

*Moba vanoti baabaa (n. father) kureva baba. Mamwe mazwi: baamad, baamadb (n. father; genitor). 
*Moba vanoti buolu; buoli (n. 1. clan, ethnic, race; 2. kind, nature, 3. species) kureva rudzi. Fananidzai nokuti mhuri? 
*Moba vanoti dal; dalg (v. provoke someone, seek quarrel) kureva kudenha. Fananidzai nokuti dara? 
*Moba vanoti dond; donda (v. praise, sing praises.) kureva kurumbidza. Mamwe mazwi: gob (v. v. assemble, gather around). 
*Moba vanoti daa (again - [marking the persistence of an action]; always, barely; (at the neg.). 
*Moba vanoti gaali (n. flour of cassava.) kureva hupfu hwemufarinya. Swahili vanoti ugali kureva sadza.  
*Moba vanoti kal; kaal (v. be seated; sit down) kureva kugara pasi. Mamwe mazwi:  (). 
*Moba vanoti kɔl, kɔla (n. bag) kureva bhegi. VaChikunda vanoti cola (n. bag) kureva bhegi. 
*Moba vanoti kul; kula (n. herd; bevy) kureva danga. Mamwe mazwi: kul (adj. all). Fananidzai nokuti guru? 
*Moba vanoti nna (n. four) kureva ina. Mamwe mazwi: ntaa (n. three). 
*Moba vanoti nyina (n. teeth; tusk) kureva mazino kana nyanga dzenzou.  
*Moba vanoti taa (v. have something in common). Fananidzai nokuti tanhatu. 
*Moba vanoti taa ... po (v. support someone; be on someone's side). 

## Mamwe Mazwi
 
*Moba vanoti bal, bala (n. placenta). Mamwe mazwi: bonduud (adj. yellow). 
*Moba vanoti bonŋ; boni (n. donkey) kureva dhongi. Mamwe mazwi: buam (n. love; affection; desire; will; need).
*Moba vanoti buanu; buani (n. spine; vertebral) kureva muzongoza. Mamwe mazwi: bund (v. bud) kureva bukira. 
*Moba vanoti dani (n. period, moment,season) kureva chinguva. 
*Moba vanoti fuaa (ideo. very white) inyaudzosingwi inodudza mburetete kuchena. 
*Moba vanoti gadi (n. advice, constructive idea) kureva zano. Mamwe mazwi: gali (v. be acrid). 
*Moba vanoti gol; gola (n. bump, protuberance). Mamwe mazwi: gbanda (n. gizzard) kureva chikanganwahama.
*Moba vanoti gbin (v. tie, make a knot). Mamwe mazwi: gbiin (v. be knotted; 2. fig, mating) kuva nepfundo. 
*Moba vanoti gbina; gbinn (n. node). Mamwe mazwi: gbinn, gbina (1. win game; goal; 2. football). 
*Moba vanoti jama (n. 1. circumstances; 2. climate, social; epoch).  
*Moba vanoti nal; nala (n. wound) kureva chironda. Mamwe mazwi: nanganda (n. crab). 
*Moba vanoti nisaal (n. human being) kureva munhu. Mamwe mazwi: nuubila (n. finger). 
*Moba vanoti nyaba (sexual intercourse). Mamwe mazwi: nyad ( v. mix, interlace, confuse). 
*Moba vanoti nyum (n. water; juice) kureva mvura. Mamwe mazwi: sal, salg (v. level, flatten). 
*Moba vanoti saab; saani (n. 1. paste; (at most.) the dishes m pl. 2 of dough).  
*Moba vanoti saan, saanm (n. foreigner) kureva munhu mupara.  
*Moba vanoti sɔm (n. 1. blood; (fig.) fetus m. 2, of less than three months).
*Moba vanoti taabila; tààbíl̀ (n. toe) kureva chigunwe chekutsoka. Mamwe mazwi:  (). 
*Moba vanoti tama (1n. doubt. hesitation; 2v. think, suppose, hope.) kureva . Mamwe mazwi:  ().  

**Duramazwi rinowanikwa paWebonary**.
Kukuna

Kukuna (to drain over the edge of a vessel?).

## Mitauro yeAfrika

*Moba vanoti kund (v. to be at the end of, to be on the verge of). Mamwe mazwi: kunŋ; kuni (n. border; edge; end). Fananidzai nokuti kukuna?
*VaYao vanoti **kumimina** (to pour out into another vessel) kureva kumimina. Kinyarwanda vanoti **kumimina** (to strain, filter) kureva kumimina.
*Zigula vanoti **kumimina** (to pour off liquid residue; pour out liquid residue) kureva kumimina. Mamwe mazwi: kumiminika (be pourable) kureva kumiminika.
Gwati remarara

Gwati remarara (dust pan) zvinoreva rata nduku rinoshandiswa kudyorera marara kana munhu achinge atsvaira.

## Mitauro yeAfrika

*Moba vanoti lal (v. to be scattered, to be widespread) kureva kumwararika.
*Moba vanoti lal; lalg (v. scatter, spread.) kureva kumwararidza. Fananidzai nokuti marara?
Anime

**Anime** (kuChijapani:アニメ) ishoko re Chijapani rinoshandiswa pakutaura nezve "animesheni" kana "katuni". Ishoko rakabva kuChingezi, asi kudzimwe nzvimbo rinoturikirwa neshoko rekuti "Animesheni ye Chijapani". Asi munyika ye Japani, Shoko rekuti anime rinoshandiswa kuturikira chemo mhando ye makatuni zvisinei nechirevo mumutauro wavo.

Mamwe makatuni anotarwa nemaoko, asi anogona kugadzirwa ne potonjere. Pane maanime mazhinji akasiyana-siyana; kune anime dzinoringa ndaba dzakasiyana senge maspoti, zveutyi, rudo kana vupenyu hwamazuva ose. Pamusoro pekunze kwekuwana zvivonikwa zvemaepisodhi pane mafirimu echianime zve.

Anime inowanzo umbwa kubva kuman'wadhi echiJapani anonzi 'manga', anorakidza mifananidzo yenyaya inenge ichiundurwa. Dzimwe nguva, manga ne anime zvinogona kushandiswa kugadzira mafirimu evudi anenge achitambwa nevanhu.

Nhoroondo ye anime muJapani inoteverwa kumashure kusvika kuma1900.

### Anime dzinozivikanwa
* Naruto
* Fairy tail

### Majonera e anime
* Kodhomo
* Shonen
* Shojo
* Seinen
* Josei
* Ecchi
* Hentai
* Harem
* Reverse Harem

## Ringai zve:

* Manga 
* Animation
* Katuni
* Webhutuni
* Manhwa
* Manhua
*Komiki
Lama, Gur

**Lama** mutauro weAfrika unowanikwa kuTogo. 

## Mazwi Anotodza Bantu

*Lama vanoti àkálɩ́cı̀ (n. vagabond) kureva rombe. Mamwe mazwi: àwàlʋ̂ (n. width) kureva hwasha.

## Mamwe Mazwi
  
*Lama vanoti àaɩ́ (interj no, nope; not). IsiNdebele vanoti hai kureva kwete.
*Lama vanoti àfúlán (n. branch, bough; leg; arm; chapter) kureva bazi. Mamwe mazwi: àkàsá (n. porridge; gruel; mush). 
*Lama vanoti àkùrù (adj. lonely isolated). Mamwe mazwi: ànàsárpı̀nô; ànsárkúpı̌n (metis; crossbreed; mongrel). 
*Lama vanoti ànsár (n. white, European) kureva murungu. Mamwe mazwi: àpǎal (male, masculine). 
*Lama vanoti àrɨ̀lı̀ńɖɨ̀ (n. the place where we go out). Mamwe mazwi: àrɨ̀lɨ̀mɨ́nɖɨ̀ (n. place of disappearance). 
*Lama vanoti àrɨ̀kɨ̀ɖɨ́nɖɨ̀ (the place of the beginning of something). Mamwe mazwi: àrɨ̀wùńɖɨ̀ (the place where we burn something ). 
*Lama vanoti àwútû (chip; microchip; midget) kureva kabanzu. Mamwe mazwi:  (). 

**Duramazwi rinowanikwa paWebonary**.
Nzvovera

**Nzvovera** (ku Chingezi: vowel) kana **varamwana**.

## Mamwe mapeji ekutarisa

* Nzvanyira
* Bhii
* Kunyora
* Keruro
* Bumbiro re mabhi
Nzvanyira

**Nzvanyira** (ku Chingezi: consonats) kana **varamai** mabhii anoshandiswa pakunyora mutauro, pamwechete ne zvinzvovera.

## Mamwe mapeji ekutarisa

* Nzvovera
* Bhii
* Kunyora
* Keruro
BH

**BH**, **Bh** kana **bh** inogona kumirira zvinotevera pazasi:

## Anthropology

* bh (dhigirafi), digirafi ibhii rekunyore mumitauro 
* Mitauro ye Bhihari, iboka remitauro (ISO 639-1 khodhi ye mutaro bh)
* Chishona
* Mabhi eChishona
D

**D** (ridoko **d**; zita raro ndi **Da**) ibhii rinowanikwa mumabhi eChiratini ne Chikriri, uye rinoshandiswa wo sechinzvanyira mukunyora Chishona charizvino, asi muChishona rinodanwa zvakasiyana nemuChingezi, nekuti ibhii reupau.Bhii ra D rakabva kuChigiriki. KuChishona, bhii ra D chinzvanyira chakazvimirira, kureva ibhiihwaro rinozoshandiswa kuvumba mamwe matarabhii. Rinoteverwa na Q. 

## Chirevo:



## Mabviro eruzivo:
Katakana

**Katakana** (、) imwe mhando ye mabhi eChijapani, imwe mhango yekunyoresa senge Hiragana, Kanji uye mune zvimwe zviitiko mabhi eChiratini anonzi rōmaji. Izwi rekuti *katakana* rinoreva "kupatsanurana **kana**", sezvo mabhi ekatakana achitorwa kubva kuzvinhu kana zvidimbu zveKanji yakaoma. Katakana uye hiragana zvese kana dandira (*system*). Mabhi eChijapani anomirirwa ne **[[bhii]]** kana **kana** mudandira pacharo. Kana imwe ne imwe inomirira nzvovera senge " *a* " (muKatakana ndi ア); senge Chishona, muChijapani nzvanyira rinoteverwa nenzvanyira senge " *ka* " (muKatakana ndi カ). Asi Chijapani  chaka siyana ne Chishona nekuti chine mashoko anopera ne manzvanyira, senge "*n*" (muKatakana ndi ン), uye i-*nasal sonorant* zvichienderana ne *context*, anonzwika senge mabhi eChingezi *m*, *n* kana *ng* (n') akafanana ne manzvovera ari *nasal* eChiputukezi kana Chigarisiya (*Galician*).

## Mamwe mapeji ekutarisa

* Hiragana
* Kanji
* Hanja
* Hangwu (Hangul)
* Hànzì
Hangul

**Hangul** ( 한글; Hangul kana Hanguel) kuChishona **Hangwu** kana **Hanguu** izita remabhi anoshandiswa kunyora mu**[[Chikoriya]]**.  Yakagadzirwa muna 1443 nekuraira kwaMambo Sejong uyo akaona kuti zvinyorwa zveChayina zvaive zvisina kukodzera mutauro weChikoriya. Kumawodzanyemba eKoriya Hangwu inonzi Chosŏn'gŭl.

Hangwu ine zviratidzo 24 nokuda nemabhi uye manzvovera. Asi izvi zviratidzo hazvina kunyorwa zvakateedzana sezvazviri mumambhi eChiratini asi zvakarongedzwa mumashiripiti esirabhoni imwecheteyo na 한 *han* .

Kuti 한 *han* inoita kunge 1 mucherechedzo asi chaiye mabhi matatu: ㅎ *h* , ㅏ *a* uye ㄴ *n* . Chiratidzo chega chega chinoratidza mabhi maviri kusvika kumatanhatu. Zviratidzo zvemazwi zvinogona kunyorwa semutsetse kubva kuruboshwe kuenda kurudyi kana kubva kumusoro kusvika pasi, semabhi eChichayina.

## Mabhi eChikoriya (Hangwu)

### Zvinzvanyira

### Zvinzvovera

## Mamwe mapeji ekutarisa
* Chikoriya
* Hanja
C

**C** (ridoko "**c**"; zita raro ndi **Ca**) ibhii reChishona, uye ibhiihwaro rinoshandiswa kuvumba mamwe matarabhii. C chinzvanyira chiri mumurondedzwa wemabhiihwaro ekudzvanya mumitauro zhinji inowanikwa muAfurika, uye kumitauro ye Chivanhu rinowanikwa kuChindau ne mitauronyina ye Chikaranga. Rinoteverwa na X.

## Mashandisirwo a-C

* Chindau - n'cono, gcina
* Chikaranga - muzvcazi, chisvcamba

## Chirevo:

## Mabviro eruzivo:
Ch

**Ch** (ridoko "**ch**"; zita raro ndi **Cha**) ibhii reChishona, uye ibhiihwaro rinoshandiswa kuvumba mamwe matarabhii. Ch chinzvanyira chiri mumurondedzwa wemabhiihwaro euhefero, rinoteverwa na J. 

## Chirevo:


## Mabviro eruzivo:
Dh

**Dh** (ridoko "**dh**"; zita raro ndi **Dha**) ibhii reChishona, uye ibhiihwaro rinoshandiswa kuvumba mamwe matarabhii. Dh chinzvanyira chiri mumurondedzwa wemabhiihwaro euhefero, rinoteverwa na T. 

## Chirevo:


## Mabviro eruzivo
DH

**DH**, **Dh** kana **dh** anogona kumirira:

## Mumutauro
Dh (digirafi) inoshandiswa kunyora kumumwe mitauro senge Shona
Udorongodzwa hwemhuri dzemutauro

Peji rino ndere **udorongodzwa hwemhuri dzemitauro**. Inosanganisirawo mutauro unopatsanura , mitauro isina kukamurwa uye mamwe marudzi.

## Mhuri kuru

### Ne numeri ye mitauro
*[[Ethnologue]]* 24 (2021) udorongodzwa unotevera ndewe mhuri ine mitauro unosvikwa 1% ye 7,139 mitauro inozivikanwa pasirose:

# Naija-Kongo (mitauro 1,542) (21.7%)
# Ostironezhiya (mitauro 1,257) (17.7%)
# Transi-Nyugini (mitauro 482) (6.8%)
# Sino-Tibetan (mitauro 455) (6.4%)
# Indo-Yuropu (mitauro 448) (6.3%)
# Ostireriya (mitauro 381) (5.4%)
# Afurika-Ezhiya (mitauro 377) (5.3%)
# Nilo-Sahara (mitauro 206) (2.9%)
# Oto-Mangue (mitauro 178) (2.5%)
# Ostroezhiya (mitauro 167) (2.3%)
# Tai–Kadhai (91 languages) (1.3%)
# Dhiravhidhiya (mitauro 86) (1.2%)
# Tupiya (mitauro 76) (1.1%)

*[[Glottolog]]* 4.0 (2019) udorongodzwa unotevera ndewe mhuri huru hwe mitauro 8,494:

# Atiranda-Kongo (mitauro 1,432)
# Ostironezhiya (mitauro 1,275)
# Indo-Yuropu (mitauro 588)
# Sino-Tibheti (mitauro 494)
# Afurika-Ezhiya (373 languages)
# Nyukiriya Transi-Nyugini (314 languages)
# Pama–Nyunga (248 languages)
# Oto-Mangue (180 languages)
# Ostiroezhiya (159 languages)
# Tai–Kadhai (94 languages)
# Dhiravhidhiya (81 languages)
# Arawakan (78 languages)
# Mande (75 languages)
# Tupiya (71 languages)

Kuravwa kwemutauro kwakakosha zvichienderana ne zvinotariswa semutauronyina; enzano Lyle Campbell anorava  mitauro ye Otomanguen 27 bazi, asi iye, *Ethnologue* na *Glottolog* vanopesana nepekuti mitauro unogadzwa mumhuri yipi.

## Mamwe mapeji ekutarisa

* Umbamutauro – mutauro wakango sikwa nechero munhu 
* Mutauro uri panjodzi - Mutauro uri panjodzi yekudonha pakushandiswa
* Ethnologue#Language families
* Mutauro wakafa – mutauro isinga shandiswa nechero munhu
* Runyorwa we ma-article emitauro
* Intercontinental Dictionary Series – Linguistics database
* International auxiliary language – Language meant for communication between people from different nations who do not share a common first language
* Glottolog#Language families
* Language isolate#List of language isolates by continent
* Udorongodzwa hwe mutauro
ChiHwesa

ChiHwesa mutauro unowanikwa kumabvazuva kweZimbabwe mudunhu reNyanga nechekumusoro. Mutauro weHwesa uri muboka reSena-Senga rinosanganisira Sena, ChiBarwe, Nsenga, Chikunda, Rue nePodzo. 

## Kwaziso

*Kwaiwani kwaiwani: kwaziwai kwaziwai.
*Ngatimusane machibese ano, waChungwe, Nyanguru, Makate, Saunyama, Samanyanga, VaChirenje.  Munadzapeisawo inango mitupo.

## Muenzaniso

*Mwamuka mwamuka machibesa aSondo - mamuka mamuka mangwanani eSvondo.
*Ewo ine ndaikuto chera madzi akusamba izvozvipa ndigadzirire kuyenda kusondo: Evo ini ndakutochera mvura yekugeza izvozvi ndigadzirire kuenda kuSvondo.
*Ngati sambeni tienda kucheche tiyembere nakubdzvira mwari nakuti ndiye dziso ratu pazvontse zvatinaita.
*Imwe imwe achadzagwa madzi,nzara zoka zoka,yadikuptsva minda: Imi imi, haisati yanaya mvura, minda yatsva.

## Mitauro inotaurwa mudunhu reNyanga
Zviadzwa

Muchidzidzo chePimanyika, **chiadzwa** (*Prism*) chiumbwa chine nzenda nhatu (3-dimensional); icho chiumbwa chinotaridzika kunge chakabva pakudundumadzwa kwechiumbwa chine nzenda mbiri  kuchinobatwa divi rakadzivana nerekutanga. 

Somuenzaniso, chiadzwa chegonyonhatu (triangular prism) rine uso huviri hwakati sambamba; mucheko yose yakati sambamba nemiviri yarehwa pamusoro inenge ine chiumbwa chegonyonhatu zvakare.

## Kurerutsa Mutauro

*Wakamuunzira izvi zveshe, akazviadza ngepakati, wakaisa rupande rumwe panorumweni; asi aazi kuadza shiri: He brought him all these, cut the animals in two and placed the pieces opposite each other; but he didn’t cut the birds in half. (Genesis 15:10 Bhaibheri reChiNdau). 
* ... wakaadza huni dzokupisha mudiro, akamiruka, akaenda kundau yaakamuronzera ndiyo Mwari. When he had cut enough wood for the burnt offering, he set out for the place God had told him about. (Genesis 22:3 Bhaibheri reChiNdau).
Chiadzwa chegonyonhatu

**Chiadzwa chegonyonhatu** (triangular prism) chine uso huviri hwakaumbwa kuita gonyonhatu hunenge hwakati sambamba. Mucheko yose inenge yakati sambamba nemiviri yarehwa pakutanga inenge ine chiumbwa chegonyonhatu zvakare. Zviso zvinobatanidza iyi yakati sambamba zvinenge zvine kuumbwa kwakaita gonyoina tsazamakonyo
Dhiskogirafi ye Big Hit Music

**Dhiskogirafi ye Big Hit Music** inosanganisa marekodhi aka govwa pasi pe rebeu kubva muna 2005.

## Ma2000

### 2005

* Lim Jeong-hee – Music Is My Life
* Lim Jeong-hee – "Belief" (The Rain OST)

### 2006

* Lim Jeong-hee – Thanks

### 2007

* 8Eight – The First
* Lim Jeong-hee – Before I Go J-Lim
* Lim Jeong-hee – Heaven Breeze (하늘아 바람아)
* K.Will- Left Heart (왼쪽가슴)

### 2008

* 2AM – "This Song"
* 8Eight – "Infinity"
* Baek Ji-young na. Jo Kwon (2AM) – "All Night"
* Changmin (2AM) & Mario – "Superman"

### 2009

## Ma2010

### 2010

### 2011

### 2012

### 2013

### 2014

### 2015

### 2016

### 2017

### 2018

### 2019

## Ma2020

### 2020

### 2021

## Mabviro eruzivo
Bhawaraki

Tarisai futi peji re: Mazita e Nhangande

**Bhawaraki** (ku Chingezi: Boron kubva kushoko re Chiarabhu *Bawraq*) kana **Bhoroni** inhangande ye mushonga. Ine chiratidzo che mushonga cha **B**. Ine numeri ye hatomi ya 5. Ichisimbi*;* ine miriki ye simbi uye isinasimbi. Bhawaraki zhinji inowanikwa mu kombaundi ye mushonga muchitofu chebhuraki (*ore borax*) yayo. Bhawaraki hayikwanise kutsvakwa mudondo.

## Tsananguro
Pane mhando dze bhawaraki mbiri dzinowanikwa (*allotropes*). Amorufosi bhawaraki ipawudha yeruvara rwembise uye bhawaraki ye usimbi (*crystalline*) ine ruvara rutema ne conducter iri isina kusimba muhujoto we kamure. Bhawaraki ndiyo nhangande ye chishanu muboterera yenhangande, pamusoro pezvo ibazi rechikamu chemeso werinopasi. Bhawaraki tsvene inoshandiswa se *dopant* (rucheka inowedzerwa ku *semiconductors* kuti ashandure maitiro ayo nemagetsi) mu hushangazhi we *semiconductor*.

Kombaundi ye mushonga we Bhawaraki yakakosha nekuti anogadzira rucheka wakasimba isinga reme stereki, se *nontoxic insecticides* ne *preservative* uye chiruka che mushonga.

Madzinde anoda bhawaraki mukati mawo kuti ave mapenyu. Ushoma hwe bhawaraki unodiwa mumwiri wemhuka kuti dzirambe dzine hutano hwakanaka. Zvekuti inochengeta hutano hwemhuka, hazvizivikwi kuti zvinoshanda sei mutsananguro refu.

Bhawaraki yakawanikwa ne Mungezi anonzi Saya Humphry Davy, nyanzvi ye chemishonga muna 1808.

Bhawaraki inonyauka mu 2075 °C (3767 °F), uye ino fanza mu 4000 °C (7232 °F).

## Zita

### Vambo (etymology)
Shoko re Chingezi rekuti *Boron* rinotorwa kubva ku shoko rekuti *borax* rakatorwa wo kubva ku Chiarabhu pashoko rekuti '*bawraq*'. Iro shoko rekuti *bawraq* ndiro rashandiswa zve kuturikira shoko re Chishona resimbi inonzi *'boron*' sezvakaitwa ne vatauri vemitauro mumwe. Pano sikwa mashoko ekutapa kana asina manzvovera anowedzerwa uye shona hayina 'q' saka 'k' aiswa pamusoro paro, ndokusikwa kwa 'bhawaraki'.

### Mashoko ashandiswa
Bhuraki (*borax*) - chishoteswo che Bhawaraki uye rinobvawo kushoko re Chiarabhu *al'buraq/bawraq* (البورق).

Miriki (*property*) - ratorwa kubva kuChiswahiri, kana shoko re Chishona richizivikwa ngari iswe pamusoro peiri.

Chisimbi (*metalloid*), Sinasimbi (*non-metal*), Amufurosi (*amorphous*) uye Gamasimbi (*semi-metal*) - tarisai peji re Gama kuti muzive chirevo charo.

Rucheka (*substance; material*), chiruka (*synthesis*)

## Mamwe mapeji ekutarisa

* Bhuraki
* Numeri ye hatomu
* Chisimbi
* Miriki
* Nhangande
* Simbi