open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Kun'ura

**Kun'ura** (corrosion) zvinotaura mushonga unesimba rokukwanisa kudya uchichera zvimwe zvinhu zvikurusei simbi. Acid zhinji dzinokwanisa kun'ura iron.
Tambo

**Tambo** (rope in English) chirukwa chigadzirwa neshinda kana waya nhete dzichirukana kuita shinda hobvu. Tambo dzinoshandiswa mabasa akawanda zvikurusei panodiwa kusimba kwadzo.

Tambo dzewaya dzinoshandiswa kutakura chikepe nechikwera pamugodhi.

Bingepinge - tambo ine rwodzi (rope of multiple strands) rwakawanda.

*Kuita motsi, kuwonyana; kumonyana, kufunyana kana kupetana (curl). 
*Izwi rokuti koyi (skipping rope) rinotaurwa kuKalanga richireva tambo yekuchirika pakutamba. Rugoyi naMukoyi mazita emhuri.

## Mitauro yeBantu

*VaMambwe vanoti **ntambo** (n. rope) kureva tambo.
Njanji

**Njanji** (Railway in English) inzira inofamba nayo chitima. Njanji inogadzirwa nesimbi dzinofamba dziri mbiri dzakati sambamba kana kuyererana. Kune mitemo yokuti simbi dzenjanji dzinge dziine nhambwe yakatarwa pamutemo pakati padzo. Pakati pesimbi idzi panowarikwa nhandarikwa dzinogadzirwa nemapuranga emungongoma kana concrete.

## Mamwe Mazwi

*Njanjimotsi kana njanjibodzi (n. Monorail) kureva chitima chinofamba panjanji ine mutanda mumwe kwete miviri.

## Mitauro yeBantu

*VaLozi vanoti **sipolo** kana **njanji** (railway) kureva njanji.MaZulu vanoti **ujantshi** kana **isipoli** (railway line) kureva njanji.
*VaBemba vanoti **nyanji** (railway) kureva njanji. Yao vanoti **likau** (n. track).
*VaKongo vanoti **nzila-kumbi** kana **nzila-lukalu** (n. railroad, railway) kureva njanji.
Mungongoma

**Mungongoma** (mahogany tree) muti une hunde dzine hukukutu hwakanyanya unoshandiswa kugadzira nhandarikwa dzenjanji uye kuveza midziyo yemumba inodhura inoyevedza.

## Mitauro yeBantu

*Luwanga vanoti **obukhongo** (size, bigness). Mamwe mazwi: **okhukhongoya** (v.i. become bigger, larger; increase in size). **Eshikhongo** (adj. big; large; important). 
*VaBukusu vanoti **buukhoongo** (n. authority, size, bigness; being in a position of higher status). 
* Lubwisi vanoti **kukongoma** (v. be strong, mighty).
Alfred Beit

**Alfred Beit** mumwe wevarume ana muzvinabhizinisi vakashanda naCecil John Rhodes apo aitanga mabasa ake okutapa nyika dziri kuchamhembe kweAfrica. Alfred Beit akasiya mari inoshandiswa panopiwa Scholarship yeBeit Scholarship. Muzvikoro zvizhinji zvepamusoro muZimbabwe kunowanikwa apanie Beit Hall kana kuti Beit Lecture Theatre.

Zvikoro zvinoti: University of Zimbabwe, Harare Polytechnic neBulawayo Polytechnic zvose zvine chivakwa chakapiwa zita raBeit. MuHarare munowanikwawo chikoro chinonzi Alfred Beit. Kunonzi Beit ndiye ane zita rakapiwa kudhorobha reBeitbridge.

Murume uyu aive werudzi rwechiJudah.
Joe van Praagh

**Joe vana Praagh** (1864 - 1946) aiva **Mayor** weHarare akagadzwa mugore 1956. Murume uyu aiva muJudah uye ane nzira ine zita rake mumusha weMilton Park muHarare makare.
Hukukutu

**Hukukutu** (*hardness* in English) zvinoreva kuti chinhu chakasimba zvokuti hachimarike zviri nyore. Diamond inozivikanwa nokuva nehukukutu zvokuti hakuna chimwe chinokwanisa kuimara. Nokudaro diamond inoshandoswa pama drill anoshandiswa kucheka  dombo pasi pemugodhi.

Kukukutara (be hard).

Gukuta (dry skin) zvichireva ganda rakawoma. Gukuta izita remhuri.

## Mazwi eBantu

*VaSwahili vanoti **kukutaa** (be hard, be dried off e.g. the ground dried by the sun) zvichireva kuwomarara.
*VaSwahili vanoti **kukutika** (be dry, dried off). Umbundu vanoti **kukuta** (v.s. dry) kureva kukukuta.
*Baila vanoti **bukukutu** (extreme hardness) vachireva hukukutu. Baila vanoti **buzumo** (hardness) vachireva kuwomarara.
*Herero vanoti **ou-kukutu** (n. hardness) kureva hukukutu. Mamwe mazwi: **kukutisa** (n. harden) kureva kukukuta.

## Weblink
* Hardness Guide (english)
Sam Levy

**Sam Levy** aiva mhene, shangwiti, muzvinabhizinisi wemuZimbabwe akavaka Sam Levy's Village kuBorrowdale. Sam Levy akaberekwa 9 October 1922 muguta reKwekwe uye akapinda kuPrince Edward High School. Mumwaka wechizana 1960 Levy akavamba Macey's Stores Limited panzvimbo pave neXimex Mall

Murume uyu ndewe rudzi rwechiJudah.
Mumera

Mumera (batch of crops) zvinoreva zvirimwa zvakadyarwa panguva imwechete zvinotarisirwa kunge zvichikohwewa panguva imwechete. Pagore rimwe panokwanisa kuita mumera unodarika mumwe zvichienderana nokuti mbeu dzakadyarwa nguva ipi mumwaka.

Muzhizha munokwanisa kuita mumera wekutanga unodyarwa mwaka uchitanga, kwoitawo imwe mumera inodyarwa mwaka wava pakati. Kune vanokwanisa kudiridza kunoitawo mumera wemuchando.

Shoko rokuti mumera rakafanira kuti rive richishandiswa kuturikira izwi rinoti "batch" kuEnglish nokuti mumera ndiyo "batch yezvirimwa".

*Mupandirwa, mubandirwa  kana mubvukutwa (Early sowing. Crop that is sown early) zvinoreva mumera wezvirimwa zvakadyarwa mumunda wakarimwa negejo munguva yechirimo kusati kwanaya.
*Mudzongwa  (1. Planting in rainy season. 2. Crop sown in rainy season). Apa kureva mumera unodyarwa nguva yokunge mvura yatanga kunaya.
*Bumhuri kana Mabumhuri, (Any young plant).

## Kurerutsa Mutauro

*Mumera womubvukutwa unoziyinura vane nzara: early crops relieve those who have been short of food.  
*Vanodzongera mudzongwa pamunhuruka: they plough the rainy-season crops into the ground at the first rains. 

## Mitauro yeBantu

*Chewa vanoti **mmera** (a young shoot).
*Luwanga vanoti **omumera** (n. plant; shoot; that which has  just sprung up) kureva mumera.
*Shimaore vanoti mimea (n. plant) kureva mimera.
Ndiro

*Ndiro (midziyo)
*Ndiro yekudyira

## Mitauro yeBantu

*VaNyungwe vanoti **ndiro** (n. a plate, traditionally made of wood) kureva **ndiro**.
*Vatauri veLunyoro vanoti **ndiro** (a basket to hold food) vachireva ndiro. 
*Chuwabo vanoti **muziyo** (n. a plate, traditionally made of wood) kureva **ndiro**.
*Nsenga vanoti **lulilo** (n. plate, platter) kureva **ndiro**.
Ndiro (midziyo)

**Ndiro** (Dishes in English) inoreva midziyo inoshandiswa muKicheni inosanganisira mbiya, ndiro, poto, komichi, mugoti, mugwaku, sipunu zvichingodaro. 

Ndipo paye panonzi "Wasuka ndiro here kuchirehwa midziyo yose yabikiswa neyadyirwa".

## Tsumo

*Rukombesa ropa runorasa neriri mumbiya. If a person is overexcited to collect the blood he may even spill that (already) in the porringer. 

## Mitauro yeBantu

*Chewa vanoti **mbiya** (a pot; a jar; general name for all pots).
*Chewa neTumbuka vanoti **mbale** (dish, basin).
*Kimbundu vanoti **imbia** (n. a pot). Mamwe mazwi: **tumbia (n. small pots).
*[[Lubwisi]] vanoti mbigha (n. Saucepan; metal cooking pot).
*[[Nyaneka]] vanoti **imbia''' (n. pan; pot) kureva pani kana poto.
Dzihwa

**Dzihwa** (*mucous* in English) zvinoreva mutuvi unobuda mumhuno zvikurusei kana munhu apindwa nechando kana kuti achirwara nechipfuva. Dzihwa rinowanikwawo pamuronga wechikafu richibatsira kuti chikafu chidzike nemuronga uyu zviri nyore.

## Mazwi eBantu

*Bushong inoti **lutonga** (n. mucus from nose) kureva madzihwa. Kidawida inoti **mafuri** (n. mucus) kureva dzihwa.
*Baila vanoti **ku fula** (n. blow) kureva kufura kana kufuridza.
*VaNyungwe, Baila neVaTonga vanoti **mamina** (n. snot, nasal mucus) kureva madzihwa.
*VaKongo vanoti **fula** (n. to blow with breath) kureva kufuridza.
Misodzi

**Misodzi** (*tears* in English) mutuvi unobuda mumaziso kana munhu ari kuchema kana kuti maziso atosvorwa kana kupindwa nemhepo zvakanyanya. Musodzi unogadzirwa netsatsadzi (glands) dziri pasi pemaziso.

Rukunga (mourning wail) kuridza mhere yekuchema rufu.??

## Mamwe Mazwi

*Kusvimha Misodzi
*Misodzi mokoto kana kumokoteka misodzi.
*Kugomba (mourn).
*Kubonda (to mourn; lamenting) izwi reChiNdau rinoreva kuchema - sokuchema mufi. Zvichida ndipo panobva zita rokuti Bonda?
*Kunyaradza (comfort, console) kuvaraidza;  kugadza moyo; kukungura; kukumbura. Zvichida ndipo panobva zita renzvimbo rokuti Mukumbura?
*Kutsumba (weeping, mourning; lamenting). Kune zita remhuri rinonzi Tsumba.
*Kuboorera kana kuridza mhere (wailing). Izwi rokuti kuboorera rinotaurwa kuChiNdau. Zvichida ndipo panbva  zita remhuri rinonzi Borerwe?.

## Tsumo

*Ndomene haichemedze. Apa kureva - chinhu chawazvitsvagira kana kuzvitangira hachifaniri kukutambudza kana chaipa takafamba neinoti mazvokuda mavanga enyora.
*Apunyaira haashayi misodzi. (One who has become emotionally upset does not lack tears; viz. Exertion brings some reward).

## Kurerutsa Mutauro

*.... kwaiyapo kuchema kukurutu pakati pevaJudha, kuera kudya, kutsumba nokuboorera:there was great mourning among the Jews, with fasting, weeping and wailing. (*Esther 4:4* mBhaibheri reChiNdau).
*.... asi Hamani wakakasira kuenda kumhatso yake echitsumba,  but Haman rushed home with his head covered in **mourning**. (*Esther 6:12*, Bhaibheri reChiNdau).
*Avo vanobata hove vanozotsumba, navo veshe vanokandira zviyedzo muNaire vanozochema...: Fishermen too will **lament**, all who cast hooks in the Nile will mourn  (Isaiah 19:8, Bhaibheri reChiNdau).

## Mitauro yeBantu

*VaFwe vanoti **cinsozi** (tear) kureva musodzi.
*VaTaita vanoti **lukunga** (scream, a cry for help) kureva rukunga.
*Vatauri veKizigua vanoti **sozi** kana **masozi** (tears) kureva misodzi.
*VaLungu vanoti **ukutefya** (to cry unnecessarily) kureva kuchema nhando.
Tsono

*Tsono (sewing needle).
*Tsono (zviridzwa) (stylus).

## Mitauro yeBantu

*MaZulu vanoti **ilinaliti** kana **izinaliti** (Afrikaans: **naald** - meaning needle) kureva nariti kana tsono.
*Ngiemboon vanoti **soŋ** kana **soŋo** (n. middle; centre). Mamwe mazwi: **sòŋo** (ideophone foe pointed).
Tsapfu

**Tsapfu** (calf muscles) zvinoreva nhengo yemuviri iri pasi peibvi nechekuseri. Mutsapfu mune mhasuru dzirimo dzinoshanda pakusimudza gumbo.

## Mitauro yeBantu

*VaDigo vanoti **tsafu** (n calf of the leg) kureva tsapfu. VaLenje vanoti **safu** kureva tsapfu.
*VaShambala vanoti **shafu** kana **mashafu** (n. calf of the leg) kureva tsapfu.
*Baila vanoti **insafu** (calf of the leg) kureva tsapfu.
*Giryama vanoti **ts'afu ya kigulu** (calf of the leg) kureva tsapfu. 
*VaSena vanoti mpanzi (n. Calf of the leg) kureva tsapfu.
Mhiko

Mhiko kana Chigondiso pachiNdau (vows) zvinoreva zvitsidzo zvinoitwa pakati pevanhu vari kuwirirana kufamba kana kubata vese pane chinhu chiri kutaurwa nezvacho. Mhiko dzinonyanya kutaurwa imhiko dzemuchato asi kune dzimwewo mhando dzemhiko dzinoitwa.

* Vabati vakuru vehurumende vanoita mhiko kunyika dzavo kana vachitanga kupinda pazvigaro.
* Vatungamiri venyika vanoitawo mhiko kana vachitanga kupinda pachigaro.

## Mamwe Mazwi

*Chipiko (vows, Oath) apa kureva kutaura kana kunyorerana mhiko.
*Chitsidzo, chigondiso kana chiraviro (promise).
*Kuravira, kugondisa kana kutsidza (to promise).
*Chigondiso (promise, pledge, assurance).

## Mitauro yeBantu

*VaChewa vanoti **lumbila** (to swear, to vow, confirm with an oath). VaGiryama vanoti **kupiga** (v. vow, make an oath) kureva kupika mhiko.
*VaChewa vanoti **chilanga** (a promise, a covenant) vachireva chitsidzo. VaGanda vanoti **tusa** (to fullfil a promise etc) vachireva kuzadzisa chiraviro.
*VaKongo vanoti **xila** (v. to promise, engage, destine) vachireva kuita chitsidzo kana kutsidza. VaLungu vanoti **ukulaya** (to promise, make an oath) kureva kurayira.
*VaMambwe vanoti **cilayo** kana **mulayo** (a promise) vachireva chiraviro. VaGanda vanoti **kirairo** (a vow, an oath) vachireva chiraviro.
Chikare (bonde)

Pakutanga ndichinyora ndaiti ndiri kunyora zvitsvene asi zvino mupfungwa nemoyo zvaramba kugamuchirika. Ini ndakazvinyora ndini ndabvisa nokuti mumoyo mangu ndaona zvisingawirirane netsika dzedu sevanhu uye neshoko raMwari. Anenge ada kudzorera chinyora zvako zvepfungwa dzako, vanobvunza vagobvunza iwe, vanotonga vagotonga iwe. Ini ndabuda munyaya yacho, handichada kuzvipamhazve. Vanhu takatarirwa kurarama kamwe, sure kwazvo kunouya rufu nekutongwa naMwari.
Miko

Miko (Obligations in a Vow) zvinoreva mirawu kana tsika dzinofanirwa kucherechedzwa nemunhu anenge aita mhiko. izwi iri rinorevawo zvinotevedzwa nemunhu anenge apiwa mushonga kun'anga.

## Mitauro yeAfrika

*Digo inoti miko (customs, taboo) kureva miko.
*VaBemba vanoti mwiko (taboo) kureva miko.
*Uyo Ibibio inoti uko (n. Liability, burden).
*Maconde vanoti mpingo (n. taboo) kureva miko.
Chitunha

Chitunha kana chibvumba (*corpse* in English) zvinoreva mutumbi wemunhu akafa. Chitunha chinochengetwa munzvimbo inotonhora kuti chisashata kusvika panguva yokuvigwa. Kumamisha kusina zvipatara vanhu vanoda kukasika kuviga munhu afa; vazhinji vanoviga nezuva rechitatu mushure mokunge munhu afa.

## Mamwe Mazwi

*Mhini kana chimhini (Body of murdered person), semuenzaniso, Padzivo pakaitwa mhini: someone was killed at the fight. 
*Akaona mhini yomunhu: he saw the corpse of a murdered person.
*Kuviga, kana kutsira (to bury the dead) apa kureva kuradzika  kana kufushira mufi murinda.
*Isau naJakobe vakororo vake vakamutsira: his sons Esau and Jacob buried him. (*Genesis 35:29* Bhaibheri reChiNdau).

## Mitauro yeBantu

*MaZulu vanoti **ilithuna** (n. Grave, sepulchre) kureva rinda. Taabwa vanoti kitumbi' (n. corpse) kureva chitunha.
*Lunyoro neLugungu vanoti **mutumbi** (a corpse; body of a dead person) kureva **mutumbi**.
*VaBemba vanoti **citumbi** (n. corpse) kureva chitunha. VaBemba vanoti **shika** (v. bury) kureva kuviga muvhu.
*Herero vanoti **sira** (v. bury; inter; cover with ground; fill a hole by throwing in soil; roast in ashes). 
*VaBemba vanoti **icitumbi** (n. carcass) kureva **mutumbi**.
Chiremba

**Chiremba** (medical doctor, surgeon or physician) zvinoreva munhu akadzidzira basa rekurapa zvirwere kusvikira padhigirii reMBChB kana M.D. Ana chiremba vane mvumo yekuwongorora hurwere vachibva vadudza kuti chirwere rudzii uye kudoma mushonga wakafanira kupiwa murwere kuti arapwe.

*Chiremba wokutanga wechitema muZimbabwe ainzi Samuel Tichafa Parirenyatwa.  

## Mitauro yeBantu

*VaHerero vanoti **omu-pange** (n. doctor, physician, surgeon) vachireva chiremba.
Mukoti

**Mukoti** kana muwongi (*nurse* in English) munhu anoita basa rokushanda nevarwere nekuvapa mishonga achitevera mirairo yachiremba pane zvirwere zvikuru.

*Kukota, kana kupepa. (Nurse— the sick).
*Kupepa (to nurse, feed up the sick).

## Tsumo

*Chinovongwa mutumbi, hakuvongwi kuvata pasi. What must be nursed is the person (who is ill) and not the lying down.
*Chinopepwa urwere, kwete rukukwe. What must be nursed is the illness, not the mat. 

## Mitauro yaBantu

*VaVenda vanoti **muongi** (n. Nurse, hospital nurse) kureva mukoti. **Vhuongelo** (n. nursing home).
*VaLozi vanoti **mupepisi** kana **bapepisi** pakuwanda (n. midwife, nurse) kureva mukoti.
*MaZulu vanoti **umongi** kana **abongi** pakuwanda (n. Nurse, hospital nurse) kureva mukoti.
*VaGungu vanoti **mutambi** kana **batambi** pakuwanda (n. nurse) kureva mukoti.
*Chewa inoti **kupepa** (v. to blow) kureva kupepa. Mamwe mazwi: kupepuka (capable of being blown away).
Rinda

Rinda, hwiro,  bwiro kana guva igomba rinovigwa munhu afa.

*Maiba (tombs) kana iba  riri rimwe. Mazwi aya anotaurwa kuChiNdau.

## Tsumo

*Hapana mutunhu usina guva. There is no region without a grave. 
*Shure kweguva hakuna muteuro. Beyond the grave there is no prayer (offering).
*Kutsi kweguva hakuna munamato. Beneath the grave there is no prayer to God.

## Mitauro yeBantu

*Bemba vanoti **cilindi** (a grave) kureva rinda. Kimbundu vanoti **mbila** (n. grave, tomb) kureva rinda. 
*Giryama vanoti **mbira** (n. grave, tomb) kureva rinda. 
*VaWanga vanoti **eshirindwa** (a grave after it has been filled in) kureva guva rafushirwa. 
*Sangho vanoti linda (v. be deep, go down, descend, enter, go down into). Mamwe mazwi: linda (n. penetrate; enter; entry).
*VaLomwe vanoti **makhuva** (skeleton) kureva rangwanda. VaGanda vanoti **gufa** (skeleton) vachireva rangwanda.
Nyundo

**Nyundo** (hammer in English) zvinoreva turuzi inemupinyi nesimbi inorema kumberi. Nyundo inoshandiswa kukomesa zvipikiri, kupfura simbi, kupaza mudhuri nemamwewo mabasa anoda kurova nechinhu chinorema.

Rimwe zita renyundo rinonzi sandho.

*Kutsinha (to smite with hammer) zvinoreva kurova nenyundo.
*Tsinho (an anvil, s sledge hammer of stone used by ancient smiths).

## Mitauro yeBantu

*VaGwere vanoti **kukomerera** (hammer something so as to drive it in; nail into wood) vachireva kukomera.
Nyamukuta

**Nyamukuta** kana muchingi (midwife) munhu anoita basa rokubata nemadzimai panguva yokunge vari kuzvara mwana achibuda. Ana nyamukuta vanovamba nezvidzidzo zvokuva mukoti vachizowedzera kuti vaite mabasa ekusunungutsa madzimai.

## Tsika

*Rega kuchenjedza nyamukuta kuzvara uchada
*Buramhere kana mburamhere (Fee paid to midwife summoned in emergency).  
*Mhere kana uchingi (Fee paid to midwife).
*Mazita anodaro aine hukama: Nyamugama, Machingauta.

## Mitauro yeAfrika

*Shilluk inoti gam (receive, catch something or someone, usually in one's hands; 2. deliver, act as a midwife, "catching a baby") kureva kugamha.  
*Shilluk vanoti gäämi (n. midwife) kureva nyamukuta. Swahili vanoti **mzalisha** **wazalisha** (midwife) kureva nyamukuta.
*Herero vanoti **okukuta** kana **kuta** (v. to bind, fetter, fasten, to bundle, tie together). 
*Nyaneka inoti okukuta (v. tie, bind, fasten, band, attach).
Gwenzi

**Gwenzi** (*Shrub* in English) zvinoreva muti kana dzinde risina kukura zvakanyanya, tingati pasi pemamita matatu (3m) dzehukwidza. Shoko rokuti gwenzi kana kuti makwenzi rinokwanisawo kushandiswa kutaura mishonga yokurapa inobva pamadzinde akasiyana siyana.

## Tsika

Gwenzi iri rinorapa chikosoro.
Gomba

**Gomba** (*pit* in English) zvinoreva nzvimbo yakacherwa ine hudzamu nehwasha hwakakura. 

*Gomba kana riri rekurasira marara rinonzi durunhuru. 

*Gomba kana riri kuchererwa kuwana ivhu rekuwumbisa rinonzi rondo.

*Gomba kana riri rekuviga chitunha rinonzi guva. 
*Gwirihwinza, hwirihwinza kana musingwi  (Very deep hole in the ground) apa kureva gomba rakadzika semare. Pahuwandu anonzi mahwirihwinza.
*Hwiringwindi (Large entrance to termite nest). Akawira muhwiringwindi yegomba: he fell into a big termite hole.
*Dindi kana madindi (hole in the ground).
*Rindi (pit). 
*Batsavatsi (hollow made by ants below floor).
*Mhiripiti (1, Precipice - rupanana; 2. Deep hole with sheer sides).

## Kurerutsa Mutauro

*Nebuwe rakaunzwa, rikaradzikwa pamuromo werindi: A stone was brought to block the opening of the pit. (Daniel 6:17 Bhaibheri reChiNdau Rakachena).

Kunoitawo makomba anochererwa kuita mugodhi wekukohwa muchegwa wakasiyana siyana.

## Mitauro yeBantu

*VaDigo vanoti **chilindi** (deep) kureva pakadzika.
*Kinande vanoti **olondo** (n. mud) kureva matope.
Shizha

**Shizha** kana shakani kuChiNdau (leaf in English) inhengo yedzinde inonyanya kuwanikwa neruvara rwe green kana isati yaoma. Nhengo iyi ndiyo inogadzira chikafu chinodiwa nedzinde kuchishandiswa simba rinobva muchiedza chezuva kubatanidza carbon dioxide nemvura.

*Depo kana matepo (1. Long leaf; 2. Any long swaying object) sokuti - Matepo etsunga: large tsunga leaves. 
*Zani (a leaf or the spathes that wrap a mealie cob) Kureva mashizha kana mashing anoputira muguri wechibage.

## Mitauro yeBantu

*Venda vanoti **dala** (green). Sokuti: **Muroho ndi mudala** (Relish is green). **Tshikete tshidala** (Green skirt).
*VaLozi vanoti **butala** (n. greenness. green colour: butala bwa matali). VaLozi vanoti **butala bwa matali** (the greenness of leaves).
*Nsenga vanoti **chitepo** (n. leaf) kureva shizha. VaTonga vanoti **matevwu** (n. leaves) kureva mashizha.
*VaMbugwe vanoti **sambe** (leaf, grass) kureva mashizha kana huswa. **Ndebele** vanoti **amahlamvu** kureva mashizha.
Mushonga

**Mushonga** (*chemical* in English) ungava mushonga wokurapisa kana unoshandiswa mune mamwe mabasa pamusha kana muhushangazhi. Muchidzidzo chemishonga kana nemvura nemweya watinofema unopindawo pamupanda wemishonga.

## Kutsauranisa Mashoko

*Shoko rokuti muchetura rinonyanya kushandiswa kutaura mushonga unouraya, kukora kana kukuvadza uchinge waiswa pachikafu chokudya. Kuchetura zvinoreva kuisira munhu mushonga muchokudya.

*Shoko rokuti chefu rinotaura mishonga inokuvadza kusanganisira: muchetura; nemiwme mishonga yokufemba kana kufema.

*Kupinga zvinotaura mushonga unoshandiswa kudzivirira chirwere chisati chatanga - *immunization* inganzi imhando yokupinga. 
*Fumbo  (Medicine to produce unconsciousness).
*Rufimbi (ansesthetic).
*Hwanga kana kuti uroyi mushonga unoshandiswa kukuvadza vamwe.
*Rukata (medicine ground and strewn on coals to prevent sickness).
*Muchidzo kana muchidza (remedy e.g. for cough or difficult situation).
*Murimo (Herbal medine, generally liquid).
*Muti.
*Mutombo (chemical) apa kureva mushonga.
*Mupfumbwe (poison in powder form).
*Mbandani (poison dissolved in liquid form).
*Mushonga Mbarikwa kana mishonga mubarikwa (Generic medicines or drugs)???. Mishonga uyu imbarikwa: this is a generic drug.  Kana mushonga uri mbarikwa kureva kuti wakagadzirwa uchitodzana neumwe wagara uripo, asi une musiyano zvishoma. Mazwi aya haako kuChishona semashandisirwo ari pano - uku kuzama kuumba mutauro chete.

## Kurerutsa Mutauro

*Mombe dzakadya chepfu ndokufuma dzakati chinjinji: the cattle ate poison and in the morning they were Iying dead with legs in the air.
*Mazwi ekuti shongwe, kushongedza anodaro achibva padzitsi rimwero nokuti mushonga. 

## Tsumo

*Mushonga haubati pasina ronda. Medicine does not work where there is no wound. 

## Mitauro yeBantu

*Mang'anja vanoti **mankwala** (n. physic - any medicine or drug). Mang'anja vanoti **kuchiriza** (v. cure) vachireva kuporesa.
*VaNyungwe vanoti **mankhwala** (remedy). Sangho vanoti londa (n. formula). VaBukusu vanoti **kámaasúúswa** (n. medicine). 
*VaLenje vanoti **wuanga** kana **wanga** (drugs, medicines, poison). Mamwe mazwi: **musamo** (drug, medicine). Swahili vanoti **unga** (Powder).
*Kikongo vanoti songesa (v. rectify, make or prove right, to correct, revise, vindicate).  Mamwe mazwi: songa (justice, uprightness, rectitude, correctness, integrity, virtue, honesty, propriety).
*Luganda vanoti eddagala (n. Chemical).
Mbato

Mbato (Wick-trimmer) zvinoreva turuzi rinoshandiswa kuchekerera tambo yerambhi kana kuti mwenje. Mbato inotaridzika sechigero.
Chiedza

**Chiedza** (Chirungu: *light* ) zvinoreva masaisai anobvisa rima panzvimbo anova ndiwo tinogamuchira mumaziso edu patinoti tiri kuona. Chiedza chingabva kuzuva kana umwe mwenje wakaita sekenduru, moto nerambhi. If you know anyone called Chiedza, you very are blessed. Cherish her or him because they work hard for you. In other words, they shine the light for you.

Zhenje (grass torch) kureva chiswa chiri kushandiswa semwenje.

## Kurerutsa Mutauro

*Rujeko (light, dawn).
*Ruvheneko (light). 
*Kuvheneka (to give light).
*Mwenje (lamp).
*Kuhwitudza kana kuringirira (reflect) zvinotaura chiitiko chokuti chiedza chikawira pachiro chinovaima, chinotumuka kubva pachiro ichi. Sokuti kana munhu akamira pamberi pechiringiro anoona uso hwake pachiringiro nokuti chiedza chabva pauso hwake chinoti kana chawira pachiringiro chinodzoka kwaari.
*Kungarikira (Translucent; allows light to shine through without detailed images) kureva chinhu chinotendera chiedza kudarika asi chizingawonekere zvakajeka.

Rujekese (to make things clear, enlightenment) apa kutaura kuisa nhau pachena kana kuunza kunzwisisa, kana nguva yokunge vanhu vajekerwa nezvinhu.

Tungidza mwenje tione kwatinoenda.

## Mamwe Mazwi

*Hwitu (ideophone of flashing).
*Kuhwituka (flash).
*Kuhwitudza (1. Cause to flash, 2. Reflect light).
*Bwibwi (ideophone of Shining reflecting light; as water does). Kubwibwima (1. Shine, 2. Be glossy).
*Kubwibwinya kana kutoira (Twinkle).
*Tarisai chinyorwa chinonzi Ra pazviito achishanduka Dza.

## Mazwi eBantu

*VaKongo vanoti **mwini** (n.sunshine, sunlight, daylight) kureva chiedza chezuva. Mamwe mazwi: **mini** (n.light) kureva chiedza. **Minika** (v. enlighten; show a light) kuvheneka.
*Barotse vanoti **liseli** (n. light) zvichireva chiedza. Basotho vanoti **leseli** kana **maseli** (n. light) zvichireva chiedza.
*Mang'anja vanoti **kuera** (to be white or light) kureva kuchena. Mamwe mazwi: **kuyera** (of whiteness, cleanliness, brightness, clearness, purity, holiness) kureva kuchena.
*VaMbugwe vanoti **weero** (light) kureva chiedza. Baila vanoti **mumoni** (n. light) kureva chiedza. Herero vanoti yerisa (v. enlighten; make pure, bright, polish).
*VaTaita vanoti **kuela** (v. to be light) kureva kuyedza. Kwama vanoti shaŋa (v. shine, 2. be on 3. light, dawn).
Chitupa

**Chitupa** (Photo Identity Card) chinyorwa chine mufananidzo wemwene wacho chinoshandiswa kuzivisa kuti munhu anonzi ani. Chitupa chinoshandiswa pakuvhota uye kubhanga sefakazi yokuti munhu ari kuita chito ndiye chaiye muridzi wezita iroro.

## Mitauro yeBantu

*VaBemba vanoti **cishibilo** (n. identity) kureva muzivirwo?.
*MaZulu vanoti **isithupha** kana **othupha** (n. thumb) kureva chara kana chigunwe chikobvu.
*MaZulu vanoti **uluthupha** (tip of a finger). Mamwe mazwi: **amathupa** (Rough, heavy fingers as of a labourer; strong hands). 
*MaZulu vanoti **Ngizenzele ngawami amathupha** (I did it with my own hands).
Mupfunga

**Mupfunga** (*vapour* in English) izwi rinoreva madonhwe ari mumhepo akataramukana kuita gasi. Kusiyaniswa kuripo pakati pegasi nemupfunga ndekwekuti puresha yemupfunga inokwanisa kukwidza ugoshandurwa kuva godo kana mutuvi pasina kudzikiswa hujoto.

Nekune rimwe divi gasi harikwaniswa kutsindirwa rikabundira kuita mutuvi kana godo pasina kudzika kwehujoto.
Muronga wechikafu

Muronga wechikafu kana hurwana (alimentary canal) zvinoreva nhengo dzinodzika nadzo nechikafu: chichibva mukanwa; chopfuura nepahuro; dumbu; matumbu; muromo wangoshi; dzamara chasvika kunobuda.

*Hura hutete (small intestine)

*Hura hukuru (large intestine).

## Mamwe Mazwi

*Kupatirwa kana kudzivirirwa (to be constipated) kutadza kubuditsa tsvina panoenda munhu kuchimbuzi.
*Kuronda kana kudika (Block food passage as hastily eaten sweet potato does) zvichireva kudzipwa nechikafu sezvinoita munhu achimbidza kumedza mbambaira hombe.
Gweta

**Gweta** (lawyer) munhu akadzidza zvemitemo kusvika padanho rekuUniversity, munhu uyu anoita mabasa anotevera:

*Kupa mazano pamusoro pekubatwa kwemabasa zvinoenderana nemitemo.
*Kumuririra vanhu mumatare anotonga mhosva.
*Kubatsira kunyora pasi zvibvumirano zviri maererano nemutemo.
*Kududzira mutemo kune avo vangada kuziva.

Mamwe magweta vanozivikanwa kunyanya munhoroondo yeZimbabwe ndeava: Herbert Chitepo, Tendai Biti, Eric Matinenga, Beatrice Mtetwa, nevamwewo.

## Mitauro yeAfrika

*MaZulu vanoti **igqwetha** (lawyer) kureva gweta.
*Shilluk inoti **a gweta** (it was written by me). Mamwe mazwi **gwedo** (to carve; to write).  
*Uyo Ibibio vanoti **wet** (v. write) kureva kunyora
Murairidzi

**Murairidzi** (Instructor in English) munhu anodzidzisa muchikoro zvikurusei anorairidza vanhu achiratidza maitirwo echiri kudzidziswa chacho. Murairidzi anonyanya kuonekwa pakudzidzisa kwemabasa emawoko kana zvidobi zvemitambo.

Izwi rokuti kurovedza kana kurovedzera rinoshanda kuturikira chinonzi *training* kuEnglish - apa kureva kurayiridza maitiro ebasa kana mutambo. Saka *basic training* inoturikirwa kuti kurovedzerwa kwemudzinzwa.

*Kuzvipingura (to train oneself, use self-discipline, mortify oneself).

*Mudzinzwa kana mudzinza (One who is inexperienced - regards the work at hand).

## Muenzaniso

*Munhu anodzidzisa tsiva anodzidzisa nokuratidza zvidobi zvinoshandiswa patsiva uye kutaura kupa murayiro yezvinotenderwa.

*Munhu anodzidzisa kutyaira muchovha anorayiridza zvinofanirwa kuitwa pakutyayira uye mirayiro yakasungirwa kuti itevedzwe.

*Murairidzi wavana mukoti anorairidzawo achitaura mirayiro inofanirwa kutevedzwa pakubata nevarwere.

## Mitauro yeBantu

*VaLozi vanoti **mulaeli** (n. someone giving orders, commander) kureva murairi.
*VaGungu neVaGanda vanoti **kutendeka** (to train, teach people a particular skill). VaGanda vanoti **omutendesi** (n. coach).
*VaGungu vanoti **mutendekwa** (trainee) kureva mudzidzi. VaGungu vanoti **mutendeki** kana **mutendeke** (trainer) vachireva murairidzi.
*VaTaita vanoti **kulela** (to train) vachireva kurera mwana?.
Murayiro

**Murayiro** (Instruction in English) kududzwa kwezvinhu zvakafanirwa kuti zvitevedzerwe pane basa kana chiitiko chiri kuitika. Murayiro unokwanisa kusiyana nguva nenguva pamhando yebasa rimwechete rakafanana, zvichienderana nezviripo panguva iyoyo, munhu ari kuita basa racho uye kuti riri kuitirwa kupi.

Kune rimwe divi mutemo haushanduke zvakanyanya munzvimbo imwe.

## Mitauro yeBantu

*VaGwere vanoti kiragiro kana biragiro pakuwanda (n. regulation, law; rules that are used to run a district) zvichireva murayiro.
Mudzidzisi

Mudzidzisi, **mufundisi** kana murairidzi (Teacher) munhu ane ruzivo anoshanda pachikoro achidzidzisa kana kupakurira vamwe vanhu ruzivo rwake. Izwi rokuti mudzidzisi rinonyanya kutaurwa padanho rechikoro chePrimary neSecondary.

MuZimbabwe vadzidzisi vanodzidza vachirairidzwa basa ravo kwemakore matatu kana mana.

## Mamwe Mazwi

*Kudzidzisa, kufundisa, kurairidza (to teach).
*Chidzidzo (a lesson) kureva zvacho zviri kudzidziswa.
*Kudzidza (to learn; state of being educated) apa kureva kugamuchira chidzidzo kana kuva munhu akafunda zvidzidzo.
*Dzidzo kana fundo (Education).

## [[Kalanga]]

*Diya (teach; preach).
*n diyi (teacher; priest).

## Mitauro yeBantu

*VaGiryama vanoti **mu-funda** (to instruct) kureva kurairidza. Mamwe mazwi: **mufunda** (instructor) kureva murairidzi. **Mafundo** (instruction) kureva chirairo.
*VaNyakyusa vanoti **manyisya** (v. teach) kureva kudzidzisa. Mamwe mazwi: **manyisigwa** (be taught) kureva kudzidziswa.
*VaNyakyusa vanoti **manyila** (v. learn) kureva kudzidza. Vanobva vati **manya** (know) kureva kuziva.
*Mang'anja vanoti **mpunza** (n. learner) kureva mudzidzi. Mamwe mazwi: **punza, punzira, pfunzira** (v. learn) kureva kudzidza kana kufunda.
*Mang'anja vanoti **upunza** (learning) kureva kudzidza kana kufunda. Mamwe mazwi: **punzitsa** (to teach) kureva kudzidzisa kana kufundisa. **Mpunzi** kureva mudzidzisi.
Chitaka

Chitaka kana chiropa (Liver in English) inhengo yakakosha yemuviri inowanikwa pamhuka dzine muzongoza nedziwewo ndudzi dzemhuka. Nhengo iyi inemabasa akawanda anosanganisira:

* Kubvisa tsvina inenge yakatakurwa neropa kubva mumuviri.
* Kuumba protein.
* Kugadzira mishonga inodikanwa pakuwotesa chikafu.

Chitaka chinotodiwa kuti munhu ararame, pari zvino hakuna nzira yokutsiva kusavepo kwechitaka kwenguva yakareba. Kusukwa kweropa muChipatara kunochenesa ropa kwenguva pfupi. 

## Mamwe Mazwi

*Chitaka (Strong material) vachireva nhumbi yakasimba. 

## Mitauro yeBantu

*Nyungwe inoti ciropa (liver) kureva chitaka.
*Luwanga inoti eshitakhalira (liver) kureva chitaka.
*Luganda inoti ekitaka (n. brown. The liver is reddish-brown in colour) kureva bhurauni. 
*Runyambo inoti **citaka** (adj. brown) kureva brauni.
Denga

*Denga (raMwari) (Heaven).
*Denga (sky, space) apa kureva nzvimbo iri pamusoro penyika inowakikwa shiri, makore, nenyenyedzi.
*Denga remba (roof) apa kureva icho chakapfirira imba.

## Mitauro yeBantu

*VaKongo vanoti **zulu** (heaven).
*VaFwe vanoti **wiru** (n. sky) kureva uzuru.
Denga (raMwari)

**Denga raMwari** (*Heaven* in English) inzvimbo inotenderwa kuti ndiwo muzinda waMwari kwavagere vachitonga zviri ikoko nezviri panyika. Kudenga Mwari vanogara nengirozi dzavo nevatsvene vakafa. Tarisiro yemutenderi wechiKristu wose kuti kana afa anoenda kunosangana achizogara naMwari kwenguva isingaperi narinhi narinhi.
Chitofu (mugodhi)

Muhushangazhi hwemugodhi, **chitofu** (Ore kuEnglish) izwi rinoreva matombo ane simbi kana chimwe chicherwa chakakosha chiri kutsvakwa chiri kuchererwa mugodhi wacho. 

Chitofu chinokwanisa kunge chiine **[[ndarama]], [[mhangura]], nickel, platinum** kana ipi zvayo simbi iri kutsvakwa nevacheri vemigodhi. Pamigodhi mizhinji chitofu chinowanikwa chiine simbi dzine ukoshi mbiri kana nhatu. 

*Somuenzaniso, muZimbabwe migodhi inocherwa **ndarama** inowanza kunge ichiburitsawo **[[darejena]]**.

*Migodhi inowanikwa platinum inowanza kuwanikwawo simbi dzinoti: *palladium; ruthenium; rhodium; ndarama uye jena*.

*Sarudzo yokuti mugodhi unodaidzwa kunzi unochera simbi ipi inotevedza kuti ndeipi simbi yakakosha zvakanyanya pakuunza mari pamugodhi iwoyo. Simbi inowanikwa nehuremu hushoma inokwanisa kunge iriyo iri kuunza mari yakawanda kuburikidza nemutengo wainotengwa nayo. Somuenzaniso migodhi inocherwa platinum muZimbabwe inowana **nickel** ine huremu hwakawanda kudarika **platinum** yacho. Nokuda kwekuti platinum ine mutengo wepamusoro, mugodhi unodanwa nezita rokuti Platinum Mine.

Panocherwa mugodhi panobudawo mamwe matombo asina simbi yakakosha; nguva zhinji matombo aya anoburitswa kuti nzira dzinosvika kune dombo rine mari dzitambanuke. Matombo asina mari anodanwa kunzi mambara. Vavariro yevanochera mugodhi ndeyekuti: dombo risina mari rive ndiro shoma; dombo risina mari ritsaurwe kubva pane rine mari; dombo rine mari rikororwe (extraction) napose panogonekwa nenzira dzisina njodzi kuvanhu, mugodhi kana michina.
Huni

**Rukuni** (nge. firewood) kana **huni** pahuwandu, matanda emuti akatsemurwa kuti apiswe muchoto pangava pakubika kana kuti kudziya moto. Huni dzekubika dzinoshandiswa dzakaoma dzisina hunyoro kuitira kudziya kuzhinji. 

Huni dzinoshandiswawo pakupisa zvidhinha; huni dzekupisa hovhoni yezvidhinha dzinoshandiswa dzimwe dziri nyore dzinova ndidzo dzinotsva kwenguva refu.

*Dehwa kana madehwa (Contribution of firewood to the dare) apa kureva chikamu chehuni chinounzwa neumwe nemumwe anouya padare. Vamwe vanoti dezwa.
*Bunga kana -teza (Gather firewood) zvichireva kuunganidza huni.
*Chisemo kana rusemo (splinter of wood that has penetrated flesh) apa kureva kabanzu kabayira munyama.
*Kusemwa (to get splinter in flesh) zvichireva kuseyiwa nekasemo.
*Chisepedzo kana rubanzu (a splinter).
*Kuwoza huni (to gather firehood) kutaura kuunganidza huni. Chiwoza, Kawoza zvaari mazita evanhu.
*tsiga kana tsika (log).

## Kurerutsa Mutauro

*Akajatira svinga rehuni pasi: she threw down the bundle of firewood - (from off her head). 
*Ndaseyiwa nechisemo chehuni yemupfuti.
*Tsemura danda neimbwa - split the log with a wedge.
*Teza huni dzokubikisa doro: gather firewood for beer brewing.

## Tsumo

*Mwoyo ibakwa, chaunoda unoturika. 

## Mitauro yeAfrika

*Nyungwe vanoti **nkhuni** (n. firewood) kureva **huni**. VaFwe vanoti **zikuni** (tree) kureva muti. Ngiemboon vanoti **tsěm** (n. piece).
*VaHerero vanoti **orukune** (a piece of wood) kureva rukuni. VaZigula vanoti **lukuni** kana **nkhuni** (n. firewood) zvichireva huni.
*MaZulu vanoti **banda** (v. Cleave (wood), split with axe). Muenzaniso: **uku6anda izinkuni** (to split up firewood)). Hadiyya inoti hakka (n. wood).
*Baila vanoti **andaula** (n. chop up firewood) kureva kutema huni. Mamwe mazwi: **andula** (split up). **Andulwa** (to be split up by somebody).
*Moba vanoti kuun; kuun; kuund (v. put logs in the fire of the fireplace) kuisa huni mumoto. Fananidzai nokuti kukunhidzira moto?
Tsono (zviridzwa)

**Tsono** pazviridzwa (Stylus in English) kapini katete kanorava mumhanzi kana mashoko kubva padamba rakatsikiswa.
Mbiru

**Mbiru** (Pillars, columns of building) zvinoreva matanda makobvu anotsigira denga remba kana nhano dzepamusoro pachivakwa chemudurikidzanwa. Mbiru dzingava dzakagadzirwa nezvidhinha, concrete, simbi kana matanda emuti. Chakakosha kuti mbiru ive yakasimba zvokugona kutakura mutoro wakagara pamusoro payo. Vamwe vatauri vanoshandisa izwi rokuti shongwe kutaura mbiru

Chivakwa chiri panhandare yendege Harare Aiport chine mbiru dzine kuumbwa kwemhanda kumusoro kwadzo.

Bango rine mhanda rakamira rinoshandiswa sembiru kutsigira chivakwa rinonzi bindu.p

*Shongwe (a tower, high pillar or rock). Mazwi ekuti mushonga, kushongedza anodaro achibva padzitsi rimwero nokuti shongwe. 

## Chitendero

Shongwe yeBabel  (Tower of Babel) inotaurwa muBhaibheri senzvimbo yakaungana guwende revanhu vaine chinangwa chokuvaka shongwe inosvika kudenga. Vanhu ava vakanaga vaine donzvo rokuti kana vavaka shongwe iyi, ivo pachavo vaizove nemukurumbira pakutaurwa kwenhoroondo yevanhu; vaida kuti zita ravo nemabasa avo akurumbire. Shoko raMwari (Genesis 11:3-4) rinoti panguva iyi vanhu vakanga vari rudzi rumwe, vaine mutauro mumwechete, vachigona kunzwisisana vose vemhuri dzakasiyana. Shoko rinowonesa kuti Mwari havana kufara nechinangwa chevanhu chekuda kuzvitsvakira mbiri, saka Mwari vakaparadzanisa vanhu vakavaendesa kunzvimbo dzakasiyana. Panguva iyoyi mhuri dzevanhu dzakapihwa mitauro yakasiyana, vanhu vakabva vatadza kunzwanana mitauro yavo (Genesis 11:6-9).

## Mitauro yeBantu

*Kikongo vanoti songa (justice, uprightness, rectitude, correctness, integrity, virtue, honesty, propriety, lawful, righteousness, be moral).
*Kikongo vanoti songesa (v. rectify, make or prove right, to correct, revise, vindicate). Fananidzai nokuti shongwe.
Mweya

**Mweya**, **MWEYA**, kana **mweya** ishoko rinoshandiswa kureva zvirizasiyo:

## Sainzi
*Gasi (mweya) - kureva mweya 
*eya (mweya) - kureva mweya uri muchadenga (*guteremweya*) watinofema.
**Mhepo - kureva kuvhuvhuta kwemweya.
*Ufemu (mweya) - kureva mweya watinofema kuti tirarame. 

## Rudaviro
*Mweya (wemunhu) - kureva mweya watakapuwa na Mwari pavakatisika, chikamu chedu chisingafi seMwiri.
*Mudzimu (mweya) - kureva mweya wehama ne mhuri dzakafa.
*Shavi (mweya) - zvinoreva futi *[[Shavi]]* chero rakanaka kana rakaipa.

## Mitauro ye Chibhantu

*Mururimi rweKikongo vanoti **moyo**(soul).
*Mururimi rweKikongo vanoti **mwanda** (spirit, breath).
Hutano

**Hutano** (*health* in English) zvinotaura kuva vatano kana kusimba kwemuviri yevanhu. Munhu mtano ndiye anenge asina chirwere.

## Mamwe Mazwi

*Mutano, dano, tano kana nhano (Healthy) apa kureva chipenyu chine hutano hwakarurama.

## Mitauro yeBantu

*Shambala inoti **tana** (adj. fine; beautiful). Malinke inoti **tana** (adj. fine) kureva kuva mutano.
*Venda inoti **mutakalo** (n. health) kureva hutano. Mamwe mazwi: **-takala** (be healthy). Nyanja inoti **mlamo** (health; preservation). 
*Giryama inoti **uzima** kana **matsiya** (health) kureva hutano. VaGiryama vanoti **muzima** (healthy) kureva munhu mutano.
*Zigula inoti **udyima** (health) kureva hutano. VaKikuyu vanoti **ogima** kana **hinya** (health) kureva hutano.
*Lenje inoti **wuumi** kana **wumi** (n. life, health, soundness, safety) vachireva hupenyu, hutano, chisvinu, ndaramo.
*VaMambwe vanoti **ulumi** (good health, peace, quietness) kureva hutano.

Ko kuturikira chinonzi **vital signs** kuEnglish.
Hugadaga

Kana zvinhu zvichinzi zviri **Gadaga** (*State of Balance* in English) zvinoreva kuti hazvina kurerekera kana kuwandira kudivi rimwe asi zvakaenzana mativi ari kutariswa. Shoko iri richange richishandiswa muzvinyorwa zviri pano kutaura inonzi *Balance* kuEnglish.

*Kana musikana akadengezera chirongo chiri pamusoro wake chinenge chiri gadaga nokuti hachisi kudonhedzwa.

*Vaya vanofamba patambo yakasungirwa kumapango maviri vanenge vari kufamba vari gadaga patambo iyoyo. Zvavanoita kuti varambe varipo patambo vasingadonhe kana kurerekera kune rimwe divi kunonzi kugadadza.

*Munhu kana ari kuchovha bhasikoro richifamba risingawe panenge paine hugadaga.

*Ana mabharani vanobata mari kana vachiita mabhuku avo emari vanoda kuti vagume vaine hugadaga hwemari yakapinda neyakabuda - "Accounts must balance".

*Panonyorwa enzane yemuvandu wemishonga panoda kuonekwa paine hugadaga - "chemical equations must be balanced".

*Panopimwa mutumbi pachikero panange pachitsvakwa hugadaga pakati pemutumbi une huremu hunozivikanwa nemumwe usingazivikanwe.

## Kupiwa kwezita

Panodaro paine rimwe shoko rinotaura "balance" kuChiShona" rapotswa pano. Iri shoko rekuti gadaga ndere chimanjemanje uye ndiro raonekwa riri pedyo kutaura chinonzi "balance". Nokuti pashaiwa shoko rimwe zvinyorwa zviri pano zvichange zvichishandisa shoko rokuti gadaga.

Vechidiki vakakura mumwaka wechikumi cha1970 vaibvunzana hupenyu vachiti "Uri gadaga here? - izvi zvichireva kuti, "Uri bhoo here, zviri right here?". Ikoko kuva bhoo zvinhu zviri "right" zvakamira zvakanaka ndihwo hugadaga kana kuti "balance" iri kutaurwa pano.
Mabharani

Mabharani (Clerk in English) munhu anochengeta zvinyorwa pabasa.

## Mitauro yeBantu

*MaZulu vanoti **umabalana** kana **umabalane** (clerk; secretary; scribe) vachireva mabharani.
*VaWanga vanoti **omuhandichi** (clerk; secretary; scribe) vachireva munyori.
*Vatauri veLugungu neLunyoro vanoti **kuhandiika** (write, make letters or numbers).  
*Vatauri veLugungu neLunyoro vanoti **Muhandiiki** (secretary, writer, clerk, publisher).
Ganda

**Ganda** (kureva *skin*) ihwada rekunze rakapfava, itishu rakatepuka ririkunze rinofukidza mwiri we mhuka dzechi-vertebrate, rinebasa matatu: kudzivirira, kureghuleta nekunzwirira (sensesheni).

## Ringai zve:

* Ganda (tsauranisa chirevo)
Mapoka eVanhu

Mapoka evanhu (Grouping of People) chinyorwa chine chinangwa chekutaura pamusoro pemapoka evanhu anowanikwa paNyika mazuvano. Chinangwa ndechekuti kuve nezvakanyorwa pasi zvemaonero edu nemutauro wedu.

Rudzi

Dzinza

Mutupo

Chidawo

Ganda

Mhuri

Hama
Rudzi

**Rudzi** (Kind, type, species or ethnic group) vanhu vanotsaurwa nezvinotevera:

Izwi rokuti rudzi rinoshandiswa zvakare kureva:

*Vanhu vane ruvara rweganda rwakafanana.
*Vanhu vane tsika nemagariro akada kufanana.
*Vanhu vane nhoroondo  yemadzitateguru inodyidzana kwemikore mizhinji.

*Rudzi (descents; relations) kureva dzinza kana rudzi rwevanhu..
*Ndudzi (nations; relations) kureva madzinza kana marudzi rwevanhu..

*Bhaibheri Rakachena reChiNdau rinoshandisa izwi rokuti mbeu kuturikira chinonzi **kind** muChitsauko chekutanga cheBhuku raGenesis.
*Shoko rokuti ichaba (nation; tribe) rinotaurwa kuKalanga kureva dzinza kana rudzi rwevanhu.

## Mamwe Mazwi

*Mhando (a kind, sort, species).
*Mutovo 
*Musaku (set, a kind or class).
*Ravuro (class).
*Rusinga (tribe) izwi reChiNdau rinoreva rudzi rwevanhu. Psalm 78:68 *asi wakasanangura [[rusinga]] rwaJudah* - izvi zvakatorwa muBhaibheri reChiNdau.
***Mazwi ari pedyo** - mudzi, chidza, kurudzanisa,.

## Kujekesa

Maonero ekuti rudzi chii anosiyana-siyana zvichibva nokuti munhu ari kupi uye ari kutaura nani.
Somuenzaniso:

*Vatinoti maColoureds kuno kuChamhembe kweAfrica vanonzi Vanhu Vatema kuNorth America.
*Mumwe angada kuti rudzi rwake muKaranga kana kuti muKorekore asingataure zvorudzi rukuru rweVaShona.
*Vanhu verudzi rwechiEnglish nevechiGerman marudzi akasiyana kuEurope asi kana kwava kuAfrica zvinongonzi vose Varungu.
*Nazvo zvakapotera mungarava naNoa zviiri zviiri zvembeu yeshe yeizvo zvaiya nomweya wokurarama: They went in to Noach in the ark, couples from every **kind** of living thing that breathes.. *Genesis 7:15* - muBhaibheri reChiNdau.

## Mitauro yeBantu

*Baila vanoti **chisi** (n. nation) kureva rudzi. VaGanda vanoti **chika** kana **kika** (n. tribe, clan; race, nation) kureva rudzi.
*VaLenje neBaila vanoti **mukumo** (kind, genus, species, sort) kureva rudzi kana mhando. 
*Kimbundu inoti **mbutu** (n. species; nation, plant, breed, seed). Mbukushu inoti **rudhi** (n. type).
*Kikongo inoti **mpila** (n. Sort, kind, variety, species, class, form, breed, style, shape). 
*VaChewa vanoti **ntundu** (a tribe, a sort or kind of anything). VaNyoro vanoti **mulingo** (kind, species) kureva rudzi.
*VaGwere vanoti **igwanga** kana **mawanga** (tribe, country, nation) kureva rudzi rwevanhu. 
*VaWanga vanoti **lihanga** (nation) vachireva rudzi rwevanhu. Kikongo inoti **mbaku** (n. kind, sort, quality, style, shape).
Dzinza

**Dzinza** (Chingezi: *Line of descent, Tribe, *'Clan**, Stock, Nation, a family'') iboka revanhu vane tateguru wechirume mumwe kana madzitatetguru ane ukama ne[[mutupo]] umwe.
Vatauri vechi[[Manyika]] vanodana zita redzinza kuti [[matumbwa]]. Dzinza rinomutswa nemwana mukomana wemhuri ndiye ega anogona kuzvara mwana ane mutupo wakafanana newake. KuchiShona mwanasikana kazhinji anoroorwa nemunhu ane [[mutupo]] wakasiyana; achinge aroorwa vana vaanozvara vanonzi ndevedzinza remurume akamuroora, baba vevana.

Mune dzimwe nhambo izwi rokuti dzinza rinoreva zvimwe nechinonzi [[rudzi]] or **nation** ku[[English]]. [[Bhaibheri]] re[[ChiNdau]] rinoshandisa izwi rokuti [[dzinza]] kuturikira **nation**.

=== Mamwe Mazwi ===
*Gumbwa (A name or appellation which is added to, or over and above, the baptismal or Christian name, and becomes a family name.)
*[[Bambo]] (father) kana baba.
*[[Madzinza]] (inherited quality; trait in character or occupation inherited from ancestors).

=== Kurerutsa Mutauro ===
*Neni ndinozokuita [[dzinza]] guru: I will make of you a great **nation**. (''Genesis 12:2'' kubva mu[[Bhaibheri]] re[[ChiNdau]]).
*... ne[[madzinza]] ose enyika anozobonda ngendaa yake: and all the [[tribes]] of the earth will mourn because of Him. (''Revelation 1:7'' kubva mu[[Bhaibheri]] re[[ChiNdau]]).
*Takunda amutsa madzinza ababa vake ekurima.

=== Mitauro ye Chibantu ===
*[[VaNyungwe]] vanoti **dzindza** kana **adzindza** (clan, relative) kureva dzinza. [[VaSwahili]] vanoti **mbari** (family, clan, tribe).
*[[VaLenje]] rokuti **lisuwo** kana **suwo** (nation; tribe) kureva dzinza. [[VaHerero]] vanoti **chanda** (n. caste, clan ship, corporation, family name). 
*[[VaMaconde]] vanoti **litawa** kana **matawa** (clan, ethinic group) vachireva [[dzinza]] kana [[rudzi]]. Kune chinonzi [[mutupo|chidawo]] chinoenderana nemutupo.
*[[VaZigula]] vanoti **rheri** (n. clan). [[VaDigo]] vanoti **fuko** (clan on mother's side) vachireva kureva dzinza rekwa[[Mai]].
*[[VaHerero]] vanoti **ulukhondolo** (n. Inheritetl disposition or peculiarity ; inherited weakness or disease). Mamwe mazwi: **ulukhondo*' (Track, trail, faint path).

== Tarisai futi: ==

* [[Rusinga]] - *tribe*
* [[Rudzi]] - *kind*
* [[Ruchava]] - *ethnic'' (kubva paChikalanga - ichaba
* Dhidhizha
Chikero

**Chikero** (Chirungu: Scale) kana **Chiyero** mudziyo unoshandiswa kupima huremu hwezvinhu. Kune mhando dzezvikero dzakasiyana siyana zvichiendera nekukura kwehuremu hwacho. Kana zvawanda zvinonzi zvikero kana zviyero.

* Panopimwa mutumbi pachikero panange pachitsvakwa hugadaga pakati pemutumbi une huremu hunozivikanwa nemumwe usingazivikanwe.

## Ruambanyeredzi
Muruambanyeredzi (Chirungu: astrology) Chiyero kana Chikero inyeredzi yechinomwe muZodhiyaki, ichiteera Mhandara (Vhego; Chirungu: Virgo) uye kumberi kwayo kuna Nyavada (Skopisi; Chirungu: scorpio)

## Mitauro yeBantu

*Izwi rokuti **umuzane** (*scales, balance*) rinotaurwa mururimi rweKirundu.
***Mizani** (*scale*) muChiswahili
Kuenzana chikero

Kuenzana chikero   (Equilibrium kuEnglish) zvinoreva kuti:

*Mupimo iri kutariswa kumativi ari kufananidzwa inenge yakaenzana. 

*Mupimo iri kutariswa inobata ichinanga nerudzivo rwakapesana.

*Hapana chinoshanduka pakumira kwezviri munharaunda iri kutariswa nyangwe zvazvo paine shishi rokufamba kwezvinhu. 

Muenzaniso yokuenzana kwechikero ndeiyi:

## Huwandu hweVanhu

*Kana huwandu hwevanhu vari kuzvarwa panyika nehuwandu hwevanhu vari kufa panyika hwakaenzana hapana kushanduka kuripo pakuwanda kwevanhu vari panyika. 

*Hongu vanhu vanenge vari mushishi rokuzvara asi kune rimwe divi vamwe vari kufa nehuwandu hwakaenzana.

*Pakadai panonzi pane kuenzana chikero takatarisa huwandu hwevanhu, kufa nekuzvarwa kwevanhu.

## Mvura pakuGwamba

*Kana mvura ikatonhodzwa inotanga kugwamba painosvika pahujoto 0oC panova ndipo panowanikwa mvura iri mutuvi uye magodo. 

*Magodo emvura akadziyiswa anotanga kunyauka kana hujoto hwasvika 0oC pachionekwa mutuvi wemvura zvose nemagodo. 

*Izvi zvoreva kuti apo mvura inenge iri pahujoto 0oC: mutuvi wemvura unoshanduka kuva magodo; panguva imwe chete magodo anenge achishanduka kuva mutuvi wemvura. 

*Panguva iyi muvandu unoshandura magodo kuita mutuvi nemuvandu unoshandura mutuvi kuita magodo zvinoenzana pakuitika kwazvo pasina chinokasira kudarika chimwe.

*Pahujoto 0oC pane kuenzana chikero nokuti kumhanya kwemuvandu wemvura unoenda mberi kwakafanana nekumhanya kwemuvandu unodzoka shure .

Nekumwe kutaura tingati “Equilibrium” kugadzikana kwezvinhu zviri pazviri pasina chinoshanduka. Asi kugadzikana uku hakuereve kuti hapana chiri kuitika. Zvinoreva chete kuti zviri kuitika zviri kupikisana rudzivo rwazvakanga uye nehuwandu hwakaenzana. Nokudaro hapana divi rinokurira rimwe saka hapanawo chinoshanduka.