open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Kuvaviwa

Kuvaviwa (feeling itchy) zvinotaura zvinonzwa munhu apo anozokwenya.

## Tsika

*Igangaidza mukwenyi mhezi kuvavira mudumbu.
*Idzimaidza mukwenyi, mhezi kuva­vira mundani. 

## Mitauro yeBantu

*Mang'anja vanoti **mpere zi-fala [[tupi]] lonse** (the itch spreads over the whole body) vachireva **muviri** wose unovava.
*VaZigula vanoti **kuwawa** (to sting; to taste spicy; tasting spicy hot) kureva kuvava.
*VaYao vanoti **kuwenga** (to produce an eruption of eczema on the skin, as certain kinds of flesh are said to do) kureva chirwere cheganda charehwa icho.
*VaYao vanoti **kuwengwa** (to be covered with eczema) kureva kuva nechirwere cheeczema.
*VaDigo vanoti **ukambi** (measles).
Gwenya

Gwenya (Generator in English) muchina unobarika magetsi zvichibva pakushandurwa kweSimba reNhekairo. Somuenzaniso mvura inoyerera muna Rwizi Zambezi inoshandiswa kusunda magwenya anobara magetsi ari paDhamu reKariba neDhamu reCaborra Bassa. 

Shoko rokuti kubaritsa rinokwanisa kushandiswa kuturikira *generating* - pakutaura kwemazuva ose shoko iri rinoreva kubereka michero kana vana zvakanyanya. KuHwange kune zvibaritsa magetsi zvemarasha.  KuKariba kune zvibaritsa magetsi zvemvura.

## Mhando dzeMagetsi

*Magetsi eMoto (Thermoelectric Power).
*Magetsi eDziva (Hydroelectric Power).
*Magetsi eMhepo (Wind Power).
*Magetsi eShomwe (Nuclear Power).

## Mamwe Mazwi

*Kubaritsa (to spark, cause to spark, to be prolific).
*Kubarika (to sprout, teething).
*Barara (ideophone of spreading widely e.g. in open plain; extending over a wide area). 
*Bararira (scattering) Could this also mean generalizing? Ko izwi rokuti chaparira rinopinda papi?

## Mitauro yeBantu

*VaChewa vanoti **kubalitsa** (to generate).
Injini

Injini (Engine in English) muchina unokwanisa kushandura simba remadziya kuti rikonzere zvinhu kufamba kana kutenderera. Injini dzinoshanda pamuchovha, pombi, ndege nezvimwewo. 

Injini dzinopisa mafuta epetrol kana diesel, achishanduka kuita gasi rinopisa.

Gasi richinge rapisa rinotambanuka rosunda pistoni ichibuda kunze.

Pistoni inenge yakabatana neshaft iyo inotederera kana ichinge yasundwa nepistoni..

Kutenderera kweshaft kukonzera kutenderera kwemavhiri kana pasi pamuchovha
Kumimina

Kumimina (to strain, filter; to drain off) inzira inoshanda kupatsanura magodo kubva kumutuvi kana mvura. Somuenzaniso kana munhu ari kunwa tea yemasamba asiri mu teabag anoshandisa kasefa kanomimina masamba kuti apatsanurwe kubva ku tea yaanoda kunwa.

*Kuwerura kana kuyerura (to skim off, take from the top).
*Kukuna, kusurudza (to drain).
*Kubomhedza (drain gradually).

## Mitauro yeAfrika

*VaYao vanoti **kumimina** (to pour out into another vessel) kureva kumimina. Kinyarwanda vanoti **kumimina** (to strain, filter) kureva kumimina.
*Zigula vanoti **kumimina** (to pour off liquid residue; pour out liquid residue) kureva kumimina. Mamwe mazwi: kumiminika (be pourable) kureva kumiminika. 
*Moba vanoti kund (v. to be at the end of, to be on the verge of). Mamwe mazwi: kunŋ; kuni (n. border; edge; end). Fananidzai nokuti kukuna?
Kusefa

Kusefa (sifting solids in English) inzira yekupatsanura magodo akakura zvakasiyana kuchishandiswa sefa inotendera magodo madiki kupfuura asi isingatendere magodo akakura kudarika. Somuenzaniso kana paine hupfu hwemugaiwa munhu anogona kushandisa sefa kupatsanura hupfu hwakamanzika kubva kune hwakatsetseka.  

## Mazwi eBantu

*VaLozi vanoti sefa (n. sieve) vachireva sefa. VaWabo vanoti sekeso (n. sieve) vachireva sefa.
*Umbundu vanoti usiko (n. sieve - of sticks and bark).
*VaLela vanoti lè̱lé̱ (v. sieve out, wash; sieve (rice, corn, etc.) with water to remove sand).
Kupura

Kupura (*threshing* in English) inzira inoshandiswa kupatsanura tsanga dzezvirimwa kubva kumuguri, kana kubva kumwonzora wacho unotakura tsanga. Kupura idanho rinoitwa kana zvirimwa zvakohwehwa mushure mokunge zvaoama, uye danho iri rinotangira kuwurutsa mbeu.

Mashangura (Gleanings from threshing) kana matsangura; tsangwa zvinoreva chibage chekusunza panzvimbo inopurirwa.

## Mitauro yeBantu

*Maconde  vanoti kupulula (v. thresh; strike, beelt, thrash) vachireva kupura. 
*VaNyakyusa  vanoti **puula** (v. thresh) vachireva kupura. 
*MaZulu vanoti **bula** (thresh corn) kureva kupura. MaZulu vanoti **ukubula amabele** (to thresh millet) kureva kupura rukweza. 
*MaZulu vanoti **isibulo** (Flail, stick for beating anything as for threshing corn) vachireva mhuro. 
*MaZulu vanoti **umbuli** (One who threshes corn) vachireva mupuri. 

## Dariro reMifananidzo

15th-century painters - Folio of a Breviary - WGA15894.jpg|Varume vari kupura kuEurpoe chinyakare
Threshing-with-flail-RSJ.jpg|Threshing with hand flails, Great Britain, c.&nbsp;1750. Image from c.&nbsp;1875.
Rhof-flegeldreschen.ogv|Irreler Bauertradition shows threshing by hand. Roscheider Hof Open Air Museum.
Threshing place, Santorini, Greece.jpg|Pachipuriro Santorini, Greece
Ludovic Basarab - La treierat.jpg|Ludovic Bassarab's *La treierat* ("Threshing"), showing peasants in Romanian dress around a combine harvester
Threshing_rice_by_hand_320x180.ogv|Threshing rice by hand (view in Full HD)
Threshing in Gumuara.jpg|Threshing in Gumuara (Ethiopia)
Harvest.ogv|Threshing with yaks in Astore, Gilgit-Baltistan
Wheat Threshing Demo at Goessel Threshing Days in Goessel, Kansas.jpg|Wheat threshing demonstration at Goessel Threshing Days in Goessel, Kansas, 2010
Petrol powered threshing machine in Hainan - 01.ogv|Video yekupura mupunga nemuchina ku Hainan, China
Agriculture of Bangladesh 10.jpg|Kupura mupunga nemuchina, Bangladesh
Kuwurutsa

Kuwurutsa kana kurudza (Winnowing in English) inzira inoshaniswa kupatsanura tsanga dzembeu kubva kumbwizhu, zvimedu zvemiguri nehundi. Kana kuchiwurutswa kunoshandiswa rusero kana madhishi. Panowurutswa zvinoda kuchinge kune mhepo inova ndiyo inopeperutsa mbwizhu, tsanga dzichidonhera pedyo padzinodyorerwa.

Danho rekuwurutsa rinoitwa pambeu dzabva pakupura.

*Marudza izita remhuri.

## Kurerutsa Mutauro

*.... Ringira, unorudza bhari usiku uhwu pambuwa yokupurira: He’s going to be winnowing barley tonight at the **threshing-floor**. *Ruth 3:2*,  (kubva muBhaibheri reChiNdau).
*Mbuwa dzinozozara ngekoroni: Then the **floors** will be full of grain... *Joel 2:24*, (kubva muBhaibheri reChiNdau).

## Mitauro yeBantu

*VaLozi vanoti **-ulusa** (v.t. to winnow away chaff) vachireva kuwurutsa. 
*VaLozi vanoti **-ulusa** (fig. to reveal secrets; to slander; to vilify a benefactor) vachireva kuwurura.
*VaKabwa vanoti **-sunga** (v. winnow) kureva kuwurutsa. Tunen vanoti **ʊ̀≠sɪ̀k–ɪ̀l-à** (v. winnow; throw in air - grain).
*MaZulu vanoti **wuluka** (Shell in a continuous stream - of mealies; feed in continuously - as to a machine).
*VaZigula vanoti **kuhuluka** (cascade down; cascading down; spew down or out).
*VaDigo vanoti **urusa** (to throw, to launch) kureva kuwurutsa. VaSwahili vanoti **kurusha** (to throw, to launch) kureva kuwurutsa.
*VaFwe vanoti kuvurura (v. winnow) kureva kuwurutsa.
Murumba

Murumba izita revanhu rinowanikwa kuKenya. 

*Vanhu vane zita iri: Evans Murumba; Peter Murumba; Florah Murumba; Chero Murumba.

## Mitauro yeBantu

Pano panyorwa mazwi ari pedyo nezita iri kune mimwe mitauro yeChiBantu, asi zvinoreva zita zvigona kusiyana zvachose nemazwi ari pasi aya. Chinangwa ndechekutsvaga zvinoreva mazita, zvikurusei kana mazita aya asisiri kutaurwa mumutauro wemazuva ano.

*VaSagara vanoti mlumba (n. hunter) kureva muvhimi.
Jecha

Jecha kana rushesha (sand in English) imhando yevhu inowanikwa zvikurusei murwizi kana kumahombekombe egungwa. Jecha rine tsanga hombe pane dzimwe mhando dzevhu zvokuti jecha rinotendera mvura kumimina zviri nyore. Nekudaro jecha rinoshandiswa kubvisa tsvina yemagodo kubva mumvura inenge ichicheneswa kuti ive inonwiwa nevanhu.

Jecha rinobva pamatombo akasiyana, saka zvakagadzira jecha zvinosiyana zvichienderana nokuti matombo enzvimbo iyoyo akagadzirwa nemuchegwa wakaita sei. Muchegwa unowanikwa mujecha zhinji unonzi silica.

## Zvinoshandiswa Jecha

*Jecha rinoshandiswa kuvaka richisanganiswa nesamende.

*Jecha rinochengetwa mudzimba kuitira kudzima moto.

*Jecha rinodiwa mumabhaera anobika simbi kuitira kubata manyara uye kuderedza hujoto hunoshandiswa mubhaera.

## Mitauro ye Afrika

*Lenje vanoti **musenga** (sand) kureva jecha. Chewa vanoti **muchenga** (sand) kureva jecha.
*Kimbundu vanoti **senga** kana **seke** (sand) kureva jecha.
*Shimaore vanoti **mutsanga** (n. sand; beach) kureva jecha.
*Manga Kanuri vanoti **kesa** (n. fine white sand). Mamwe mazwi: kèsá (adj. sandy colour).
Nzwara

**Nzwara** (ku Chingezi: nail; nails) kana **nzara** i nhengo inowanikwa kunoperera zvigunwe nechepamusoro, uye nhengo iyi inoramba ichikura nguva dzose nyangwe munhu achembera. Nzwara dzinowanikwa ku (zvigunwe zve) tsoka zvose nemaoko.

## Zita
Iro zita rekuti nzara ngarisa sanganiswe nenzara (kana zhara) yemunhu paanenge asati arya.

## Mitauro ye Chibantu

* VaGungu vanoti **luzala** kana nzala (n. finger nail, toe nail) kureva nzara. VaBemba vanoti **lwala** (n. fingernail, toe nail) zvichireva nzara.
* Kirundi vanoti **urwara** (fingernail, toenail, claw) kureva nzara. Kimbundu vanoti kiala (nail, fingernail, toenail) kureva nzara.
* Shambala vanoti **kombe** kana **makombe** pakuwanda (n. nail) kureva nzara.
* VaSango vanoti nzana kana nzené (n. a fingernail, a claw) kureva nzara.

## Mamwe mapeji ekutarisa

* Chao (*palm of hand*)
* Chanza (*hand*)
* Ruoko (*arm*)
* Chigunwe (*fingers*)
Man'a

Man'a (cracks in feet) zvinoreva kutsemuka kunoita ganda riri pasi petsoka zvikurusei kana munhu achifamba asina kupfeka shangu.

## Mitauro ya[[ChiBantu]]

*VaChewa vanti **mang'a** (cracks on one's heels; fissures) kureva man'a.
*Baila vanti **mang'a** (n. ruts, cracks, fissures) kureva man'a.
*Nsenga vanoti **lung'a** (n. crack) kureva man'a.
*Lubwisi vanoti kisika (n. Crack in the skin of the foot).
Ruomba

Ruomba (cream in English) zvinoreva mafuta anowanikwa achiyangarara pamusoro pemukaka. Pwambwa kana kuti ruomba runopatsanurwa kubva pamukaka rwuchitengeswa rwega kana kuti rwunotengeswa rwakasangana nemukaka wacho. Mukaka unokwaniswa kutengeswa uine ruomba rwune huwandu hwakasiyana. Mukaka unotengeswa uine mafuta anotanga pazvikamu chimwe pazana (1%), zviviri pazana (2%), zvitatu nehafu (3.5%) zvichingodaro.

## Mitauro yeBantu

*VaTsonga vanoti **rivomba** (n. cream).
*VaZigula vanoti **kuomboka** (v. to cross over; to pass).
Locardia Karimatsenga

Locardia Karimatsenga mukadzi akanga ave kuroorwa naMorgan Tsvangirai, wanano yavo yakazoparara mushure memazuva asingasvike mavhiki maviri. Mashoko akabuda panguva yokuroorana kwamuzvare Karimatsenga naMorgan Tsvangirai anoti Karimatsenga aiva nepamuviri paVaTsvangirai.
Bhodhoro

Bhodhoro (bottle in English) chinu chine mutsipa wakatetepa uchienda kumuromo wakavhurika. Bhodhoro chinu chakagadzirwa nenzira yekuti chinokwaniswa kuvhara nechivharo chinomonerwa kumuromo kwacho kwakavhurika. Mabhodhoro anokwanisa kunge akagadzirwa negirazi, simbi, plastic zvichingodaro.

Mabhodoro akakosha zvikuru pakutengeserana nokuti anoshandiswa kutakura mutuvi wakasiyana inotengeswa. Mafuta, mukaka, doro, mushonga, mvura zvichingodaro zvinotengeswa zviri mubhodhoro.
Wayini

**Wayini** (Chirungu: wine) imhando yechinwiwa chinodhaka chakagadzirwa nemuto wezambiringa wakaviriswa. Mazambiringa anokwanisa kuvira oga pasina chimwe chaiswa maari, asi mbiriso inoita kuti akasire kuvira. Mazambiringa emhando dzakasiyana anogadzira wayini dzine munakiro wakasiyana.

## Vambo rezita
Shoko rekuti "wayini" rinobva pashoko rekare reChirungu "win" (iro rinodanwa kuti "*wean*". Chimiro cheChirungu chekare chakaburitswa kubva muChiratini "*vinum*," kana sekunyora kwakaita Varoma, "VINVM." "Vinum" muChiratini inoita kunge iine hukama neshoko reChiratini remunda wemizambiringa, "vinea." Asi ini zvakare ndakaverenga kuti "vinum" zvinogona kureva "muzambiringa" muChiratini futi. Kana izvo zvisina kure kumashure zvakakwana kwauri, zvinoita sekunge iyi vhezheni yeChiratini yaive yakavakirwa pane isiri  Indo-Yuropu mitauro yakadai seChiarabhu, uye neshoko ravo "wain," kana shoko re Chihebheru "Yayin."

Zvino, hazvisi pachena kana chiLatin kuChirungu chechinyakare chaive mutsetse wakananga; inogona zvakare kuve mutsauko wezwi rinoratidzika kunge riripo mumitauro yese yeJemeni. (Nyanzvi dzezve vambo remashoko (*etymologists*) vanofanirwa kukakavara pamusoro peizvi nguva dzese).

Wayini ichinwiwa chinogadzirwa nemazambiringa kana vanhu vakada kurideedza kuti Zambiringa uye Mbiringa vanokwanisa nekuti vanenge vachireva chinoigadzirisa.

## Ruvara
Wayini inouya nemavara akasiyana zvichienderana nechakashandiswa kuyigadzira. 

Inouya mumavara matsvuku, matema uye nemachena. 

Wayini tsvuku yakawana zita rayo nekuda kweruvara wayo.

## Mabviro eruzivo
Kenya

**Kenya** pachihofisi ichinzi **Rudhende rwe Kenya** (Swa: *Jamhuri ya Kenya*), inyika yakagadzikwa kumabvazuva eAfurika. Gutaguru rayo rinonzi Nairobhi. Kenya yakaganhurana ne Sudhani Chemhembe kumaodzanyembaemadokero, Itopiya kumaodzanyemba, Somariya kumabvazuva, Vuganda kumadokero, Tanzania kuchamhembe, uye Gungwa re India kuchamhembechemabvazuva.

Vanhu vekuKenya vanonzi **Vakenya** uye munhu mumwechete anonzi **Mukenya/Mkenya**.

## Mitauro ye Chibantu

* VaZigula vanoti **kenya** (beyond; inland - from the coast).
Elizabeth Macheka

Elizabeth Macheka mukadzi akaroorwa naMorgan Tsvangirai mugore 2012. Mukadzi uyu mukunda waVaJoseph Macheka avo vaimbova Mayor weguta reChitungwiza. Elizabeth akambenge akaroorwa nemurume wechiwuto, uye anoita zvebhizinisi rekunatsa runako rwevakadzi.
Our first lady to be.
Ghana

**Ghana** pachihofisi inonzi **Rudhende rwe Ghana** inyika yakagadzikwa ku Madokero e Afurika.  Gutaguru renyika iyi rinonzi Accra. Mutungamiri wenyika wokutanga munyika iyi ainzi VaKwame Nkrumah. Vakawana kuzvitonga kuzere mugore ra1957.

Vanhu vekuGhana vanonzi **Vaghana** uye munhu mumwe anonzi **Mughana/Mghana** kana futi -**wechiGhana/-wekuGhana.**
Joseph Macheka

Joseph Macheka murume aimbova mayor weguta reChitungwiza, uye ari mudareguru rebato raimbotonga reZanu-PF. Joseph Macheka ndiye tezvara waMorgan Tsvangirai, baba vemukadzi akaroorwa naMorgan Tsvangirai mugore 2012.
Makosi Musambasi

**Makosi Musambasi** mukadzi wekuZimbabwe akaita mbiri pachirongwa chepaTV.

BROADCASTERS ....Vox Africa Dstv 191 Sky 218
Fitness angel 

              
*Makosi Musambasi*' (23 September 1980, Harare, Zimbabwe-).

*Makosi Musambasi - Internet Movie Database
Malawi

**Malawi**, kana **Maravi** (kana futi **Malavi**, kureva ***Murazvo*** paChishona) pachihofisi ichinzi **Rudhende rwe Malawi**, inyika yakakomberedzwa iri kuChamhembechemabvazuva kwe Afurika uye yaichimbodanwa kunzi **Nyasaland**. Nyika dzakaikomberedza ndedzinoti: Zambia iri kuMaodzanyembaemadokero; Tanzania iri kuMaodzanyembaemabvazuva; ne Mazambuko iribata kumabvazuva, kuchamhembe nekumadokero. Ruwa rwe Malawi rwunodarika 118,000 skweya dzekiromita, uye ine hugari hwe vanhu vaisvika 16,777,547 (muna 2013).  Gutaguru reMalawi rinonzi Lilongwe; rechipiri pakukura rinonzi Blantyre, rechitatu iMzuzu.   

Vanhu vekuMalawi vanonzi **Vamalawi**, uye munhu mumwechete anonzni **Mumalawi/Mmalawi**.   

## Zita
Zita rokuti Malawi rinobva pashoko rokuti *Maravi* iro raiva zita revanhu vechiNyanja vakagara munyika iyi. Mamwe makomo makuru arimo anonzi Mlanje. Munyika umu munorimwa tii. Zita rokuti Maravi rinoreva kuti Murazvo.
Tanzania

**Tanzania** (kana ***Tanganyika*** semunhoroondo) inyika iri mumabvazuva kweAfurika muDunhu reNyanza Huru. Tanzania yakakomberedzwa nenyika dzinoti: Kenya ne Vuganda kumaodzanyemba; Utemabanze weRudhende rwe Vukongo, Rwanda, neVurundi kumadokero; uye Zambia, Malawi ne Mazambuko kuchamhembe. Kumuganhu wekumabvazuva kune Gungwa re India. Gomo re Kilimanjaro rinova ndiro gomo rakanyanya kukwirira muAfurika rinowanokwa kuMaodzanyembaemadokero kweTanzania.

## Mitauro yeBantu

Ko izwi rokuti Tanganyika rakabvepi?

*Zigula inoti kutanganya (1. mixing together, mix together; 2. jumble up; 3. to add to). Kutanganyika (1. mix, mixing; 2. breeding; 3. merge, merging). 
*Zigula inoti **Kabila zose mbiri zitanganyika** - (Both these two tribes have merged) kureva marudzi maviri akabatanidzwa.
*VaGanda vanoti **ng'anya** (to collect; gather together). VaGanda vanoti **ng'anyika** (to gather together; to assemble).
*Takwane inoti **taganyiha** (v. mix, season).
Angola

**Angola** (Chiputukezi: *República de Angola*) pachihofisi inonzi **Rudhende rwe Angola**, inyika iri kuchamhembe kweAfurika, inoganhurana ne Namibhiya iri kuchamhembe; Utemabanze we Rudhende rwe Vukongo  kumaodzanyemba; Zambia kumabvazuva; ne Gungwa re Atlandiki kumadokero. 

Gutaguru reAngola rinonzi Luanda. Chimwe chikamu chiduku cheAngola chinonzi Cabinda chinoganhurana neRudhende rwe Vukongo ne Utemabanze we Rudhende rwe Vukongo.

Vanhu vekuAngola vanonzi **Vaangola** asi munhu mumwe anonzi **Mwangola/Muangola.**
Togo

**Togo,** pachihofisi ichinzi **Rudhende rwe Togo**, inyika iri kuMadokero e Afurika. Yakaganhurana ne Ghana kumadokero, Bhenini kumabvazuva ne Bhurukina Faso kumaodzanyemba. Inotandavara kuenda kuchamhembe kwe Guhwi re Ghini, uko kwakagadzikwa gutaguru rayo, Lomé. 

Mutauro wechihofisi weTogo iChifurenji. 

Vanhu vekuTogo vanonzi **Vatogo/Vatogoli** uye munhu mumwechete anonzi **Mutogo/Mtogo** pamwe kana **Mutogoli/Mtogoli**.
Gambia

**Gambia** (kureva *The Gambia*) kana **VoGambia,** pachihofisi inonziwo **Rudhende rwe VoGambia** inyika yakagadzikwa ku Madokero muAfurika.

Vanhu vekuGambi vanonzi **Vaghambi** uye munhu mumwe anonzi **Mughambi/Mghambi.**
Eswatini

**Eswatini** (kare yainzi *Swazilandi*, parizvino pachihofisi inonzi: ***Umambo we Eswatini***) inodanwazve ichinzi **kaNgwane**, inyika iri kuchamhembe kweAfurika. Nyika iyi yakakombwa neAfurika Chamhembe kumaodzanyemba, chamhembe madokero nekuchamhembechemabvazuva; kumaodzanyembaemabvazuva inoganhurana ne Mazambuko. Nyika iyi nevanhu vemo vanotora zita kubva kuna Mambo Mswati II.

Eswaitini ndiyo yedzimwe nyika dikisa muAfurika.  Kubva kumaodzanyemba kusvika kuchamhembe kwayo pane makiromita 200, uye kubva kumabvazuva kusvika kumadokero pane makiromita 130. Asi zvakadaro nyika iyi inowanikwa rutaranyika rwakatsaukana nemamiriro ekunze akasiyana siyana; kumakomo kunotonhorera kwakadzika kunopisa uye kwakawoma. Vagari seEswatini ndeve ruchava rwechiNguni, vanodanwa seVaswati uye rurimi rwavo rwunonzi Chiswati. Nyika iyi yakavaururwa pakati pemwaka wechizana 18 ichitungamirwa naNgwane III; miganhu yayo iriko zvino yakatarwa mugore 1881. Mushure meHondo ye Vangezi ne Vabhunu, Eswatini yakava Nyika yakachengetedzwa ne Bhuritani kubva mugore 1903 kusvika 1967, cihizowana kuzvitonga musi wa 6 Gunyana 1968.

Vanhu vekuEswatini vanonzi **Vaswatini** uye munhu mumwe anonzi **Muswatini/Mswatini**, zvinodai nokuti havasi vanhu vose vokuEswatini varimuchikamu che Vaswati.

## Zita
Eswatini yakambonzi Swazilandi kumashure, uye inonzi zve kaNgwane kutodza mutongi weUmambo wacho Mambo Ngwane. Pachishona inenge ichinzi **Vuswati**.
Rwanda

**Rwanda** kana sepachihofisi **Rudhende rwe Rwanda** inyika yakakomberedzwa nedzimwe yakatambarara kubva nechepakati kuenda kumabvazuva kwe Afurika uye iri kuzasi kwemuenzanisi nemadhigirii mashomane. Rwanda yakaganhurana neyika dzinoti: Vuganda, Tanzania, Vurundi ne Utemabanze we Rudhende rwe Vukongo. Rwanda iri muDunhu reNyanza Huru dze Afurika. Rwanda iri pakakwirira, murutaranyika rwayo munowanikwa makomo ari kumadokero nesavanna kumabvazuva; uye ine madziva mazhinji akapararira nenyika. Mwaka yeko inoenderana nesubtropical ichiwana mwaka miviri yekunaya kwemvura nemwaka yekuwoma miviri zvakare.

Vanhu vekuRwanda vanonzi **Varwanda**, uye munhu mumwechete anonzi **Murwanda/Mrwanda**.

## Mitauro ye Chibantu

*VaGwere vanoti **lwanda** (n. stony, rocky land, very hard rock) - zvichida vanoreva rukangarahwe. 
*Sagara vanoti lwanda kana rwanda (n. river) kureva rwizi.
Vhudzi

Vhudzi kana bvudzi (Hair in English) imhando yemvere rinomera pamuviri wemunhu munzvimbo dzakasiyana. Vhudzi rinowanda mumusoro, chirebvu, maziso, nehudyu.

.

Imvi (grey or white hair) zvichireva vhudzi jena.
*Bumhu (forelock, the lock of hair that grows from the fore part of the head).
*Zhumu (smalll tuft of hair on head).
*Dendevure kana rudongo (tuft on head). Zvichida ndipo panobva zita rokuti Chitongo?
*Motsi (Short curly hair; short woolly hair) kureva vhudzi rakamonyana.
*Kuita motsi (to curl hair).
*Mutsikwa kana nduni (big bunch of hair, matted).
*Betu kana gwarakwara (strip of hair).
*Nhemba kana nhesa (round patch on top of head). Vamwe vangati munhemba.
*Gushe kana makushe pakuwanda (a bristle, hair on animals or bodies of men, fur).

## Kurerutsa

*Changarara (Shock of hair 2. Shockhead). Ane changarara: his hair is uncombed and unkempt.
*Chakaringanwa ibvudzi upfumi hahuna kuringanwa. What is shared by everybody is hair, riches are not shared (equally).
*Chakaenzanwa ibvudzi, hupfumi hahuna kuenzanwa. That which is equal is hair; riches are not equal.*

## Mitauro yeAfrika

*Swahili vanoti mavudzi (body hair - armpits, pubic etc) ivhudzi remuhapwa nenhengo dzakavanzika. Sagara vanoti mvili (n. hair of head) ivhudzi.
*Digo vanoti nyere kana nywele (hair) kureva vhudzi. Ngiemboon vanoti mvèmvɛ̀ (n. hair) kureva vhudzi.
*VaKabwa vanoti obhujoki (body hair - armpits, pubic etc) kureva vhudzi remuhapwa nenhengo dzakavanzika.
*MaZulu vanoti utshoya kureva vhudzi. Nyungwe inoti tsitsi kureva vhudzi. Maore inoti nyele kureva vhudzi.
*Tuwuli inoti solo (n. Human hair) kureva bvudzi. Sangho inoti **kuali** (n. hair) kureva vhudzi.
Mhiri kweMakungwa

Shoko rokuti **mhiri kwemakungwa** (Overseas in English) zvinoreva nzvimbo kana kuti nyika iri kunr rimwe divi regungwa. Somuenzaniso kana tiri kuAfrica zvinoreva kuti nzvimbo dziri muzviumbe zvinoti: Asia, Europe, Australia, North America neSouth America zviri kumhiri kwemakungwa.

Kune vanhu zvizvarwa zveAfrica vakanogara kunyika dziri mhiri kwemakungwa, vazhinji vacho vanowanikwa kuEurope, North America, neAustralia. North America, South America neEurope dzine marudzi echitema vakazvarwa nevanhu vakatapwa muhuranda kumatunhu iwayo.
Abel Tendekai Muzorewa

**Abel Tendekai Muzorewa** akava mutungamiri wenyika yave kunzi Zimbabwe mugore 1979, apo nyika yakapiwa zita rokuti **Zimbabwe-Rhodesia**. VaMuzorewa vakazosiya chigaro mushure mokunge vakunda musarudzo dzakaitwa mugore 1980, apo pakapinda Robert Gabriel Mugabe pakutonga.
Goko

*Goko rekunze (crust, outer layer) zvinoreva gwati kana rukanda rwokunze pamuchero, chingwa kana goko rinosara mupoto kana sadza ratsvirira.
*Goko ( Volunteer growth of seeds fallen from previous crop) kana hoko.
*Goko (old goat) zvichireva mbudzi yachembera.
*Goko kana nyakoko (crocodile).
*Goko (hero) apa kureva gamba.
Chimbuzi

**Chimbuzi** (toilet, latrine) imba inoshandiswa senzvimbo yokurasa tsvina kana mutundo unobuda pamunhu. Mavakirwo akaitwa chimbuzi anosiyana nokuti vanhu vanoda chakaita sei. Kunzvimbo dziri kumaruwa chimbuzi rinenge riri gomba riri pasi pemba yacho inopindwa; gomba iri rinenge rakavharwa posiyiwa buri rokuti munhu anorasira mutundo kana dhodhi
Mutundo

Mutundo (Urine in English) mutuvi unobuda panhengo yesikarudzi kuvanhu uye kumhuka. Mvura iyi inoburitsa tsvina dzinobva muropa remunhu, tsvina idzi dzichirasirwa panze. Kuvarume mutundo unobuda nechubhu iri pamboro, kuvakadzi unobuda nepachubhu iri nechekumusoro kwenhengo yezasi. Asi mutundo zvingarevawo uronyo hunobuda mumboro dzevarume kana vapedza kusvira kana kuti kubonyora.

## Mitauro yeAfrika

*MaZulu vanoti umthundo (n. urine, place where urine has been voided). Zigula vanoti kukoza (v. urinate) kureva kutunda. 
*Kimbundu inoti jena kureva mutundo. Kinande inoti emitundira (n. dirty water) kureva mvura yakasviba.
*Lenje inoti mukoso (urine) kureva mutundo. Digo vanotimukodzo kana mkodzo (urine) kureva mutundo. 
*Chewa inoti kukodza (to urinate) kureva mutundo. Mbukushu inoti **-tunda** (to come from).
*Taita vanoti kukojela kureva kutunda. Mamwe mazwi: makojo (n. urine) kureva mutundo. 
*Taabwa vanoti mutapa (one who is prone to urinary incontinence). Kikongo inoti manjene (n. urine) kureva mutundo.
*Herero inoti **nyina** (v.i to piss, discharge urine). Mamwe mazwi: **omanyina** (n. piss, urine). **Tunda** (v. contaminate).
Runhare

**Runhare** muchina unoshandiswa kuti vanhu vataure vose vari kure nekure; muchina uyu unofambisa mashoko semagetsi kubudikidza newaya. Runhare rwokutanga rwakagadzirwa nemurume ainzi Graham Bell kunyika yeUnited States of America mumakore emwaka wechikumi 1870.

Pari nhasi runhare rwava muchina wakakoshesa pakufambiswa kwemashoko pakati pedzimba, makambani, mabhizimisi naimo muhushangazhi. Kwave nemhando yerunhare isangashandisi waya asi inoshandisa masaisai inonzi chizinganhare kana kuti cell phone kuEnglish.

Makambani anoita zverunhare muZimbabwe anosanganisira: Africom, Telone, Econet, Telecel neNetone.*

## Mamwe Mazwi

Ko iro izwi rokuti runhare rakambovepi? 

*-nhara (turn up at some distant place). Chamapiwa akanhara kuJapan - Chamapiwa turned up in Japan.
*Nyakunhara, **nhare** kana nhara (something that turns up from a distance)?
*Runhare (thin wire).

## Mazwi eBantu

*MaZulu vanoti **inkulumakude** kana **ulucingo** (n. telephone. Lit. what speaks afar) kureva runhare. Bwile vanoti mutali (adj. long) kureva kureba.
*Baila vanoti **intale** (iron binding on spear shaft) kureva simbi inosunga muromo wepfumo. VaYao vanoti **kutalikanyana** (to be distant from each other) vachireva kuti kutarangana. 
*VaYao vanoti **kutalika** (to be distant) vachireva kuti kure. VaYao vanoti **chilambo cha kwakutalika** (a distant country) vachireva nyika iri kure.
*VaNyakyusa vanoti **pa-tali** (far) vachireva kuti kure. Mamwe Mazwi: **pabu-tali** (long) vachireva kuti kurefu kana parefu.

## Mamwe mapeji ekutarisa

* Kombiyuta
* Nharembozha
* Hwendefa
Muronga

**Muronga** (Channel, side stream, rut, ravine) kureva nzvimbo inofambwa nayo nezvinhu zvinofamba, ingava iri mumvura, padunhu, pamhuka.

## Mienzaniso

*Muronga Suez Canal uri pakati peEgypt neIsrael unoshandiswa kufambisa ngarava dzichibva kuGungwa Mediterranean kuenda kuRed Sea.
*Muronga wechikafu unotakura chikafu zvichibva pamuromo, kupfuura nemudumbu, hura dzamara kusvika kumukosho.
*Mukoronga irrigation channel.
*Rupandakova - small channel.

## Tsika

*Hove dzinofamba dziine muronga.

## Mitauro yeBantu

*Venda inoti **mulonga** (n. watercourse) vachireva muronga.
*Mambwe inoti **mulonga** (n. a stream, running water, as opposed to stagnant water) vachireva muronga.
*Fwe inoti **mu-ronga** (n. a seasonal stream) vachireva rukova runoerera nemwaka wekunaya.
Rokwe

**Rokwe** (frock or dress in English) zvinoreva mbatya inopfekwa nemadzimai inovhara muviri kubva kumapendekete kusvika pamabvi. Mamwe marokwe anogona kugadzirwa ari marefu zvekubata tsoka kana kunzvenzvera pasi zvichienderana nokuti mudzimai akaripfeka anoda kupfeka mupfekero upi.

## Mamwe Mazwi

*Mujivha (Long garment e.g. woman's dress).
*Maringa (Attractive additions to clothing or figure) kureva zvishongo zvakawedzerwa pachipfeko.

## Mitauro yeBantu

*MaXhosa vanoti **ilokhwe** (skirt) kureva rokwe.
*MaZulu vanoti **ililokwe** kana **amalokwe** (Afrikaans: **rok**) kureva rokwe.
*MaZulu vanoti **umjiva** kana **imijiva** (n. Swallow-tail coat) kureva mujivha.
*VaVenda vanoti **furu** (n. lining of clothes. From Afrikaans: **voering**).
Cherechedza

Shoko rokuti **kucherechedza** kana kunanganidza (Observe in English) rinoreva chiitiko chokunge munhu kana mhuka iri kutapa ruzivo kubva kune zvakakomberedza. Ruzivo urwu runotapwa kuburikidza nehunzwi huri pavanhu nemhuka hunosanganisira: kuteerera nenzeve, kuona nemaziso, kunhuhwidza nemhuno, kuraidza nerurimi, kunzwa kupisa nekutonhora, kunzwa kuti pane chandibata kana kugunzva, zvichingodaro. 

Takatarisana nezvidzidzo zveScience, kucherechedza kunoreva kuunganidza humbowo pamusoro pechinhu chiri kutariswa chiri kudzidzwa nezvacho.

## Muenzaniso

*Kana munhu achinge abuda panze muna June akanzwa kutonhorwa zvoreva kuti acherechedza kuti kuri kutonhora.
*Munhu akanzwa kunhuwa kwesadza riri kushinyira zvorevawo kuti acherechedza kuti kune sadza riri kubikwa rave kushinyira.
*Kana mwana akatswinyiwa nomumwe akanzwa kuradza kwazvo kureva kuti mwana atswinyiwa acherechedza marwadzo acho.

## Mitauro yeBantu

*VaMambwe vanoti **-celecesya** (to observe attentively; to wait and observe) vachireva kucherechedza.
*VaMambwe vanoti **-celecensya** (to look around to observe what is happening) vachireva kucherechedza.
Mimhanzi

**Mhanzi** (ku Chingezi: Music) kana **mimhanzi** uye **mumhanzi** imhando ye useza inoshandisa ruzha runorongwa munguva. Mhanzo imhano yevaraidzo futi inosanganisa ruzha rwuno farirwa nevanhu kutereera kana kuteerera vachidzana. Mhanzi dzakawanda dzinowanzo sanganisa vanhu vanoyimba nemazwi avo kana vanoridza zviridzwa, senge mbira, marimba, piyano, gitare, ngoma, vhayorini, kibhodhi, uye ngoma dzechirungu. Munhu anosika mhanzi anonzi mumhanzi; musezi wemhanzi (*music artist*). 

Mhanzi inodarika kuridza zviridzwa nekuyimba inosanganisa wo, kunyora nziyo (rwiyo paumwechete). Nziyo ndiro shoko rinoshandiswa kureva mhando yezvizvarwa zvinobuditswa pakusikwa kwemhanzi uye ndiyo nzira yemhanzi inofarirwa zvikuru nevanhu. Munhu anonyora mhanzi unotsi munyori wenziyo uye, zvinyorwa zvake zvinonzi rutsaranziyo (*lyrics*) paruzhinji, asi rutsararwiyo (*pamwe*).

## Zita
Shoko reChingezi rekuti 'music' rakabva ku shoko re Chigiriki (*mousike*), rinoreva kuti "(useza) we maMiyuzi" (*"(art) of the muses"*). Mu Girisi yeKare, maMiyuzi aisanganisa vamwarikadzi we **mhanzi**, nhetembo, useza uye kudzana. 

## Mhanzi muAfurika
Tarisai futi peji re Mhazi muAfurika

## Misambo
Kune misambo yemimhanzi yakasiyana siyana; muZimbabwe musambo ine mukurumbira inosanganisira: museve, mbira, chimurenga, reggae, nemimwewo misambo.

Vayimbi vakuru muZimbabwe vanosanganisira: Oliver Mtukudzi, Thomas Mapfumo, Stella Chiweshe nevamwewo.

## Zvikamu zve mhanzi

### Mhando ye Zviridzwa
Tarisai peji re: Zviridzwa zvemhanzi
*Gwama kana hwamanda (*horn*). 
*Munanzi (*flute*).
*Dimbwi 
*Mudimbwa kana chimadangira (lyre??).
*Mbira (ye mhanzi).
*Chimazambi 
*Ngoma.

### Zvinhu zve mhanzi

* Ungamhanzi (*album*)
* EP (Eksitendedhi pureyi -> *extendend play*)
* Unganidzo (collection)

## Zvimwe zvinyorwa zve mhanzi

### Mamwe mashoko ekuziva
*Kudetemba
*Kudeketera
*Kutengezana kana mutengezanwa (singing in parts).
*Kupangira (to tune an instrument e.g. mbira or guitar) kunhadziridza chiridzwa kuti chirire muririro unodikanwa.
*Uzimba kana chidoonyera (discord in singing).
*Mujangira (Unity of a musical or other composition). Kune zita remhuri rinonzi Jangira.

### Mazwi eBantu
*Vatauri veUmbundu vanoti **sika** (play on musical instrument).
*Vatauri veUmbundu vanoti **usika** (player of musical instrument).
*MaZulu vanoti **umpambano** (discord) vachireva rupambano?
## Tarisai futi:

* Muyimbi
* Kudzana
* Useza
* Musezi
*Rwiyo
Gwai

Maita Gwai. 
Maita Gumbi. 
Mwana waGora. 
Maita Mukuruwambwa. 
Maita Goridhe redu. 
Vane chuma chisingaverengwi. 
Maita hwai yangu iyi. 
Ikachema kunofa dangwe. 
Ukaidya unopera mazino. 
Maita vana vaMbarure. 
Maita vana vaChigondo.
Vakatorerwa humambo nevarozvi.
Vabete hudenga mumaoko. 
Maita chuma.
Vana Mbarure.
VeHumambo. 
Vanodura.
Maita Maita Chuma.
Goridhe, Goridhe.
Maita henyu Gumbi
Vanobva kumubvumbi
Maita zvenyu vaGwai
Munotungamira mamwe makwai
Mazvita vakuru vebonde
Vakuru vekuisa makaoma Gora
Bvute

**Bvute** kana bvuri (shade in terms of being shelter from the sun) zvinoreva nzvimbo iri pane mumvuri pakadzivirwa nechimwewo chinhu kuti chiedza chezuva chisasvika panzvimbo iyoyo.

## Mamwe Mazwi

*Hurwere hweBandira  (a condition which can lead to death, caused by staying too long in a very hot place) apa zvichireva kufizurwa nekupisa kuri panzvimbo zvinorukutitsa muviri, imwe nguva zvichikonzera kufa kwemunhu. 
    

## Tsika

*Muriwo uyu wakavhungwa nebvute, pasi pomunhondo pawakadyarwa.
Humbowo

**Humbowo** kana umbowo (evidence in English) izwi rinoreva zvinhu zvose zvingashandiswa kutaridza kuti zviri kutaurwa kana kududzwa ichokwadi. Kazhinji humbowo hunodiwa kumatare anotanga mhosva, senzira yokutaridza kuti pane mhosva kana kuti hapana.

*Mbowo (Witness).
*Kukwapa (to gather or put together hearsay evidence). 
*Kukorokodza (1. Sift evidence. Examine critically, 2. Search for matter to incriminate someone, 3. cross examine). apa zvichireva kutsonyopodza.

## Mitauro ye[[ChiBantu]]

*VaMambwe vanoti **mboni** (n. witness) kureva mbowo. VaHerero vanoti **otyiraise** kana **otyiraisiro**  (proof).
*VaWanga vanoti **omuloli** (witness; one who saw) kureva munhu akaona kana mbowo. VaTiriki vanoti **muloli** (witness).
*MaZulu vanoti **fakaza** (v. 1. Give evidence, bear witness, testify; 2. Give evidence, bear witness, testify) kureva kupupura. 
*MaZulu vanoti **isifakazelo** (n. Testimonial, certificate). Muenzaniso: ** ukufakaza ngempenduko yakhe** (to give testimony to his conversion). 
*VaVenda vanoti **vhutanzi** (n. evidence; proof).
Kunyenga

Shoko rokuti kunyenga (court-ship) rinoreva zvinoitwa nemukomana zvokufambira musikana achitsvaka kuwirirana naye kuti vapinde muhukama hwerudo. Nokumwe kutaura kunyenga kunonzi kupfimba kana kuti kukonya.

Nguva yekupfimbana tingaitora senguva yokunga vanhu vasati vavimbisana kuroora, vasati vapana nduma kana kuita zvimwe zvirango zvokuzivisa vakuru kuti vanoda kuwanana.

*Gwevedzeri kana magwevedzeri (Chaperon. Go-between in courtship).

## Tsumo

*Zvinakisi ndizvo zvikondori zvomwoyo. Things which are good but overdone will one day disappoint. 
*Mwana wegomba inhimbanapasi sehwevera. The child of a male adulterer is destructive like a cutworm. 
*Gomba rinosiya rauraya muridzi womukadzi. 
*Gomba harina mwana. A (male) adulterer has no child. 

## Mitauro yeBantu

Pano panyorwa mazwi ari pedyo nezita iri kune mimwe mitauro yeChiBantu, asi zvinoreva zita zvigona kusiyana zvachose nemazwi ari pasi aya.

*Chewa inoti kukonda (love, like, cherish, prefer). Mamwe mazwi: **kukonza** (v. to decorate, make oneself tidy, to dress food, garnish, ornament, prepare - make ready) kureva kushongedza.
*VaNyoro vanoti **okugonza** (to love; affection) vachireva kuda. VaNyoro vanoti **okugonzewa** (to be loved) vachireva kudiwa.
*VaNyoro vanoti **egonza** (flatter; fawn on) vachireva kunyenga.
*Mang'anja vanoti **nyenga** kana **kunyengera** (beguile; entice), kureva kunyengera. 
*VaIkizu vanoti **okʉkonza** (hospitality, generosity). Fananidzai nokuti makonzwa?
Jesu Kristu

Muchitendero Jesu Kristu mwananakomana waMwari uro akauya panyika semunhu akafira zvivi zvenyika kuti zviregererwe.

## Mamwe Mazita aJesu

*Muponesi, **Gota**, Muchinda weRugare, Zvoshamisa, Wokutanga neKupedzisira, Alpha naOmega.

## Mitauro yeBantu

*VaRundi vanoti **umukiza** (n. Saviour) kureva muponesi. Mamwe mazwi: **gukizwa** (to be saved, delivered) kureva kuponeswa.
*VaVenda vanoti **mutshidzi** (n. Saviour) kureva muponesi.
*Xilenge vanoti **muponisi** (n. Saviour) kureva muponesi.
Chimiro

Shoko rokuti chimiro (Structure, form in English) ishoko rinotaura richisanganisira: kaumbirwo kakaita chiumbwa, mumhu wacho,ruvara rwacho, hwasha, hurefu zvichingodaro.

Nekumwe kutaura chimiro chinosanganisirawo maonerwo anoita munhu kana chinhu apo vanhu vanenge vachitarisa kuti vanoita pfungwa dzakanaka here kana kuti kwete.

## Mamwe mazwi

*Mutaka (1. Physical fitness of person or animal, 2. Physique) - consider using to translate valence or physical??.
*Mutonono (Squatting - not as relaxation) apa kureva  kuchochoma; kutonona; kana kutumba.
*Kusunzumara (squat on heels). 
*Kuhwata kana kubwata (crouch or squat for concealment).  
*Kusunzumara (squat on heels).
*Mhiri kana muemo (Build of a person) umiro.
*Kutununa kana kutumba (squat on heels) zvichireva kuchonjomara. Mutumba izita remhuri.

## Kurerutsa Mutauro

*Zvino Nebhukhadhineza wakazara ngoushungu, nomuemo wehope yake wakatsanduka kunaShadhirakhi, Meshakhi naAbhedhinego: Then Nebuchadnezzar was furious with Shadrach, Meshach and Abednego, and his attitude toward them changed. (Daniel 3:19, Bhaibheri reChiNdau).
*Zvino umwe wakadai ngomuemo womunhu wakagwama miromo yangu ...: Then someone who looked like a human being touched my lips ... (Daniel 10:16).

## Mitauro yeBantu

*VaLenje neVaLunda **chimo** (stature, size, height, volume, weight, amount, measure) kureva saizi, hurefu, huwandu kana mbimo.
*VaTonga vanoti **cimo** (character). VaVenda **tshiimo** (n. stature, size) kureva chimiro. VaYao vanoti **mwimo** (Standing).
*VaGiryama vanoti **kimo** (stature) hukuru hwemuviri. VaLozi vanoti **siemo** kana **siyemo** (n. stature, tal-lness: height).
*Basotho vanoti **boemo** (n. status) kureva mamiriro. VaBwisi vanoti **kiimililo** (Stature; posture).
*VaMambwe vanoti **cimo** (height, stature of a man) kureva hurefu kana chimiro chemunhu. VaGwere vanoti **nfaanana** (n. form)  kureva chiumbiko.
Tsika

**Tsika** (culture, habit, manner, custom) kana ichitaurwa pamusoro peboka revanhu izwi rinoreva kuhwerengedzwa kwezvinhu zvinosanganisira: mafungiro avo, zvavanotenda kwazviri, zvavanokoshesa nokuyeresa, uye ruzivo rwavainarwo. Tsika dzinosiyana pakati pemapoka evanhu akasiyana uye dzinosiyanawo nokufamba kwenguva muboka rimwechete revanhu.

Tsika dzeVaShona dzinoti mwanasikana haagari nemurume asina kubvisirwa roora.

## Mamwe Mazwi

*Tsika, mugarire, munyire, musangu kana munyire (Habit).
*Tambidzanwa (tradition, thing passed down from generation to generation).
*Baba edu yaaharahwa, akuna mwamuna munyika ungazopotera kwetiri kudai ngomushuma wenyika yeshe: Our father is old, and there is no man around here to give us children—as is the custom all over the earth. (Genesis 19:31 Bhaibheri reChiNdau).
*Hwita kana gwita (n. Custom) kureva tsika.

## Mitauro yeAfrika

*BaKalanga vanoti **lenje** (custom; tradition). Kinande vanoti **ebihaniríro** (n. traditional beliefs).
*MaZulu vanoti **ukumo** (Standing custom) kureva tsika dzagara dziriko. Mamwe mazwi: **umkhu6a** (custom, practice, conduct).
*VaDigo vanoti miko (custom, taboo) kureva miko. VaTonga vanoti **chimbo** (custom) kureva tsika.
*VaTonga vanoti **ciyanza** (custom, scenario) kureva tsika kana mutowo. VaGwere vanoti **buwangwa** (n. culture). 
*VaRwanda vanoti **umuhango** (n. custom). Waalii vanoti dangkaari (n. tradition).
Ruzivo

Kana munhu achinzi ane **ruzivo** (Knowledge in English) pamusoro pechinhu kana kuti pamusoro pemumwe munhu zvinoreva kuti ane chimwe chezvinotevera: tsananguro, humbowo, hunyanzvi, hukwanisi maererano nezviri kutaurwa zviri mudariro. Ruzivo rwunogona kuwanikwa kuburikidza nokunge munhu akazvidzidza kana kunge akamborarama mazviri.

## Tsika

* Muzivi wenzira yeparuware ndiye mufambi wayo.
* Kuziva ambuya huudzwa.

## Mitauro yeBantu

*VaFwe vanoti **kuzyiba** (to know) kureva kuziva.
*VaNyakyusa neVaGanda vanoti **kumanya** (to know) kureva kuziva.
*VaZigula neVaNyakyusa vanoti **kumanyika** (to be known; be understandable; to be knowable) kureva kuzivika.
*VaNyakyusa vanoti **kumanyila** (to learn) vachireva kudzidzira.
*VaDigo neVaYao vanoti **manya** (to know) kureva kuziva. Sokuti **Unammanya mutu hiyu?** (Do you know this person?).
*VaDigo vanoti **manyikana** (to be known) kureva kuzivikanwa.
*VaDigo vanoti **manyana** (to know each other) vachireva kuzivana.
*VaDigo vanoti **dzimanyisa** (to make oneself known; to identify oneself; to show oneself) kureva kuzvizivisa.
Bununu

**Bununu** zvinoreva munhu asina kupfeka mbatya. Mutsika dzenyika dzemuAfrica kusasimira chinhu chinozvidzwa uye chisingatenderwe pamitemo yenyika. Tsika zhinji dzemuAfrica dzinoti munhu akafamba asina kusimira ava kupenga kana kuti ane mamhepo. Chinhu chinoonekwa chichiratidza munyama kana kuti kutukwa pamunhu iyeye.

Kune dzimwe nyika dzekuMadokero, kuEurope, neNorth America mitemo yenyika inotendedza kuti kuve nenzvimbo dzinosangana vanhu vasian kusimira. Hazvizivikanwe kuti chinangwa chaicho chokunge vanhu vachisangana vasina kusimira ndechei.

## Kurerutsa Mutauro

Kufukenyika zvinoreva kuva bununu.
Mamwe mazwi anoreva kusasimira ndeanoti: mushutu, muhwi, mutwi, mupushu, mutitinini.

## Mamwe Mazwi

*Vagari vekamba dzaishungurudza vanhu kuGermany vakawanikwa vari mushutu - in a state of nakedness.
*Dusa nguwani. Take off your hat. Kudusa zvichireva kubvisa panzvimbo - (take or bring away, off or out off).
*Gunduma (ideo of Exposing what should be covered). Pfende yomukadzi inogundumadza mwana: a slovenly woman does not clothe her child properly. 
*Rundumara (Be unclothed, exposed to weather). Dhakwa rinofamba rakagundumara.
*Bunumunu kana bunyumunyu (naked person)
*Mabasi (naked). Avo vari mabasi.
*Mushu (to be naked).
*Kupushuka (to be naked).
*mushutu, mupunu (a naked person). 
*Shuku (nakedness). Ane shuku: he is naked.
*Mhumburu (1. naked person, 2. exposed object).
*Utitinini (nakedness).
*kwinya kwinya (ideophone of Walking naked).
*-kwinyaidza (Make to walk about naked).
*-kwinyaira kana -kwinyaika (Walk about naked).

## Tsumo

*Munhu asina mutimwi haasimiri mugwada. One without a waistband cannot wear a loin cloth (passed between the legs). 

## Mitauro ye[[ChiBantu]]

*VaHerero vanoti muzu (naked). Mamwe mazwi: **omuzu** (nakedness). Sokuti *Omundu u ri muzu - the man is naked*.
*Lugwere vanoti bwer (n. nakedness, emptiness).
*Bushong vanoti bukata (n. nakedness, naked).
*Luganda inoti obwereere (n. nakedness). Luganda inoti bwereere (naked).
Mumvuri

Mumvuri (Shadow; also shade from the sun) zvinoreva nzvimbo iri panharaunda isiri kuwana chiedza nokuda kwokuti chiedza chakavhariridzwa nechimwe chiumbwa. Mumvuri unooneka kudivi riri seri kwedivi rine chiedza. Chiedza chezuva chinokonera kuti zvinhu zviri pasi zvive nemimvuri; kureba nekukura kwemumvuri iyi kunosiyana zvichienda nokuti inguvai yezuva.

Pamitumbi iri muchadenga, zuva nemwedzi ndizvo zvinogona kukonzera mimvuri yezvinhu.

## Mamwe Mazwi

*Bvute kana mabvute (Shade - regarded as shelter from the sun).

## Tsika

* Tinotenda baba masvika pamusha wedu makaisa mumvuri wenyu pano. Aya mazwi okutenda mukuru anenge akushanyirai, mukafara nekuuya kwake, mumvuri wake ukaita kwamuri sokunge watonhodza pamusha nguva yokupisa.

## Mitauro yeAfrika

*Lenje inoti chimfuli (n. shadow, shade) vachireva mumvuri.
*Swahili inoti kivuli (1. shadow, shade, shaded place; 2. vision, phantom, ghost).
*Kinande inoti ekitutu kureva mumvuri. Shambala inoti kizuli kureva mumvuri.
*Uyo Ibibio inoti mfuuro (n. coolness, shade, shady place, breeze) vachireva mumvuri.
Huchenjeri

Shoko rokuti huchenjeri (Intelligence) rino reva kugona ku shandisa pfungwa. Asi shoko iri rino kwanisa ku patsanurwa nokuti vanhu tonoonekwa tichigona kushandisa pfungwa nenzira dzakasiyana uye panguva dzaksiyana. Mumwe ane kuchenjera kwekugona muchikoro asi asina kuchenjera kwekugona kutaura nekugarisana nevanhu.

## Mhando Dzacho

Mamwe mashoko anotaura mhando dzeuchenjeri ndeanoti: ungwaru; kupangama; unhari.

*Chisepe kana kuchenjera (Able, clever, expert person, be ingeneous) apa kureva nyanzvi.
*Chikwapuro (expert) nyanzvi.
*Chirapanuro (Wise person able to solve problems) apa kureva munhu anogona kurapanura mhaka dzinonetsa.
*Chingwarire kana chingwarira (Cautious person) apa kureva munhu mungwaru.
*Njere (Wisdom, cleverness).
*Unhari (oratory skills) zvinoreva munhu akachenjera pakutaura anokwanisa kubata nokushandura mafungiro evanhu nokuda kwemashoko nemutauriro wake.
*Mhangami (Clever, watchful, practical person) apa kureva munhu akangwarira pakucherechedza nokuziva zvokuita. Uyo anonzi akapangama.
*Ngwazi (sage; a profoundly wise person; a person famed for wisdom) 
*Sharara, chizazamburo, mbarayara (clever man) murume akachenjera.
*Gorokodzi, magorokodzi, gorokotera (Expert. Knowledgeable person. Person of vast knowledge) apa kureva chikwapuro kana nyanzvi. 
*Chiti (know how) kureva uyo anogona kuita basa racho.
*Kuchenjedza (put on guard) - Wakandichenjedza nokusandipa mari kwawakaita nguva yakapera.
*Kungwara (to be intelligent; wise; cautious; careful).
*Kungwarira (to beware of; be clever at).
*Kungwadza (put on guard; warn; make cautious).
*Akasvinuka (smart).
*Rutondero (memory; common sense; thoughtfulness).
*Mbaravara, mbarevare kana nyanzvi (Clever person) apa kureva munhu akachenjera. Imbaravara yomukomana: he is an intelligent boy. 

## Tsumo

*Kugara nhaka kuona dzavamwe. Inheritance is seeing the affairs of' others.*
*Chakachenjedza ndechakatanga. What made one alert is what happened before.
*Chakangwadza ndechakatanga. What put one on guard is what happened before.
*Kushaya, nzero kwemhandara kupfumbira sadza chibhakera. It is unwise for a girl to fight sadza with her fist.

## Mitauro yeBantu

*VNyungwe vanoti **ndzeru** (n. wisdom, knowledge) kureva **njere**. VaWanga vanoti **injero** (example; way; method). 
*Nsenga vanoti **chenjela** (cunning, crafty, prudent, worldly wise, sly, clever). Mamwe mazwi: **chenjeleka** (v. entice, tempt, decoy, persuade). **Kuchenjela** (n. trick).
*VaYao vanoti **lunda** (wisdom; sense) kureva huchenjeri. VaShambala vanoti **munyani** (be careful, be clever, take care, beware) kureva kuchenjerera.
*Lenje neVaTonga vanoti **chenjela** (clever) kureva kuchenjera. Lozi inoti **-cenjela** (v.i. to know how to foresee trouble and shun it) kureva kuchenjera.
*VaKwere vanoti **mbala** (intelligent) vachireva kuchenjera. MaZulu vanoti **izikhwepha** (n. Power, strength, ability, faculty.) vachireva njere.

## Zvinyorwa Zvinotodzana

*Njere
Nhambwe yasudurukwa

Muchidzidzo fundoyetsimba shoko rokuti nhambwe yasudurukwa (displacement in English) rinotaura kupimwa kwenhambwe pakati pezvinhu kuchitevedzwa mutsetse wakatwasuka; apa hazvineyi nokuti nzira yafambwa pakati pezvinhu zviviri yakareba zvakadini. Panopimiwa nhambwe yasudurukwa kunopimwa kuchitevedzwa mutsetse wakatwasuka unobata nzvimbo yokutanga neyekuguma. 

## Kujekesa

Somuenzaniso kana kuchibviwa kuHarare kuenda kuVictoria Falls nemuchovha kazhinji kunotevedzwa nzira yokuBulawayo, ndokuzokwidza kubva Bulawayo kuenda Victoria Falls. Tikazvitarisa Victoria Falls iri kuMadokero kweHarare, asi rwendo urwu rwunomboenda kuchamhembe pedzezvo rwozokwira kuenda kuMaodzanyemba kwakadziva kuMadokero. 

Kana kuchitevedzwa mutsetse wakatwasuka nhambwe iri pakati peHarare neVictoria Falls inokwana 551 km - iyi ndiyo nhambwe yasudurukwa iri kutaurwa pano - ndiyo nhambwe inoda kunoenzana neinofambwa nendege mudenga. Asi kana tichitevedza mugwagwa nokupoterera kwayo nhambwe iri pakati peHarare neBulawayo inokwana 441 km; nhambwe iri pakati peBulawayo neVictoria Falls inosvika 439 km. Saka zvinoreva kuti kana kwatevedzwa mugwagwa iyi kunofambwa nhambwe inokwana kusvika 880 km kubva Harare kunobata Victoria Falls.
Kusuduruka

Shoko rokuti **kusuduruka** (move away, diverging) rinoreva kuwedzera nhambwe iri pakati pezvinhu zviviri zviri kutaurwa pamusoro pazvo. Kusuduruka hakuneyi kuti zviri kusuduruka kuenda divi ripi, chero kuri kuwedzera nhambwe chete.

Shoko iri richange rakakosha pakuturikira inonzi **divergence** kuEnglish, rinova shoko rinoreva kupararana kwenzira dziri kuteverwa nezvinhu.

## Mamwe Mazwi

*Kutarangana (to be spread out).
*Kutaranganya (cause spread out).
Gonyo rasudurukwa

Muchidzidzo fundoyetsimba kana kuchitaurwa zve**Gonyo rasudurukwa** (Angular displacement in English) panenge pachitsvakwa kuti  poyindi iri pachiumbwa chiri kutendera paakiso,  yatenderera gonyo rakakura sei kubva patangirwa. 

Somuenzanizo, tikacherechedza poyindi iri pamapeto evhiri tinoona kuti poyindi iyi hasuduruki kutiza kubva pane akiso yevhiri. Asi poyindi iyi inoshanduka pairi mukutenderera kunoita vhiri. Saka zvadai kunenge kopimiwa kuti poyindi iyi yapoterera gonyo rakadii kubva payanga iri pavambwa kupima.

Nokumwe kutaura gonyo rasudurukwa rinopima  gonyo rafambwa nemutsetse kana poyindi pakutendererwa akiso inozivikanwa yakatarwa. Gonyo iri rinenge richipimwa nechiyero chinonzi **radian** kana kuti dhigirii kana dendera.

Pamuenzaniso uri kurudyi, kabanzu kari pachiumbwa **P** kari nhambwe **r** kubva pagoko rechiumbwa **O**. Gonyo **θ** ratendererwa nekabanzu riri kushanduka asi nhambwe **r** kubva pagoko haisi kuchinja. Kabanzu pakanotenderera denderedzwa kanofamba nhambwe **s** inotodzaniswa kugonyo rafambwa kuchishandiswa tsazaniso inoti

:
s=r\theta \,

**Gonyo rasudurukwa** rinonyanya kupimwa nema radians kwete degrees. Radian inoita zvive nyore kutodzanisa gonyo rafambwa *θ*, nenhambwe yafambwa pamunyonga *s*, nenhambwe  *r* kubva pagoko. 

:\theta=\frac sr

Somuenzaniso kana kabanzu kapoterera 360 degrees padenderedzwa rine taramunyongo *r*, gonyo rasudurukwa rakaenzana nenhambwe yepimamuganhu inopiwa netsazaniso inoti  is 2π*r*
Kana zvagovaniswa netaramunyongo: \theta= \frac{2\pi r}r zviri nyore kusvika pana \theta=2\pi. Saka dendera rimwe rakaenzana ne 2\pi radians.