Baba

**Baba** kana bambo (*father* in English) zvinoreva murume akakubereka. Kubvira kuuya kwakaita varungu muZimbabwe vakakwezvawo marudzi akaita sechiChewa kuMashonaland uko kwakazobuda musanganiswa wechiKaranga nemimwe mitauro ukabudisa chiZezuru. Zvino pakati pevaZezuru pane avo vanoti ababa kana kuti abambo vachitoredzera chiChewa kana vachida kuti baba/bambo. Pauwandu zvonzi: vana baba, ana baba, vana bambo, ana bambo, madzibaba, mapambo kana kuti madzibambo.

MuChishona murume akaroora amai vako anodanwa kunzi baba zvakare nyangwe asiri iye akakubereka. Iyi inzira yekuremekedza. ChiKaranga hachibvumi zvachose kuti murume wamai vako umuti babamunini kana babamukuru chero pakava nomuidzo wokuti zvimire saizvezvo. Anenge achinyanya kuremekedzwa apa ndimai, vaya vanombonzi dumbu ravo harina mutorwa. Chikomba chamai chavanonzenzereka nacho hachizobviri hacho kunzi baba nokuti zvinenge zvoita sokumwira mvura tsika isina unhu iyo inenge ichiitwapo. Nokudaro chiKaranga chinotumidza kuti gomba kumurume wakadero.

Nedzimwe nguva tinohwa kuchinzi baba kubvira vatete. Iyi ihazvanzi yababa inenge ichinemegwa kunzi inogona kutora chinzvimbo chababa pavanenge ivo baba vasipo nemababamunini nemababamukuru. Iyi itsika inototatamugwa kwazvo pane dzimwe nguva kuti ibate nyangwe muzukuru chaiye mwana wehazvanzi yababa kuti amire pachinzvimbo chababa mumabasa echiKaranga. Asi hazvizoiti hazvo kuzodana zita rokuti baba kumuzukuru nokuti iye pachake ane chinzvimbo chakwe somuzukuru. Zvino vazukuru vazhinji vapera kubhinya vakadzi vemadzisekuru vachiti he-e ndiri baba, he-e uri mukadzi wenhaka chakuti chakuti. Naivo vakadzivo kunyanya vechiZezuru vava kutozvidavo unohwa voti babamudiki kubvira muzukuru kutsvaka kuzobhinywa naye.

Vanasikana vehazvanzi vanowanzodavo vana vatete kuti vamiririre chinzvimbo chababa apo baba vanenge vasipo. Nokudaro unohwa nyangwe vatete vacho vari vadoko kumwanasikana wehazvanzi uya vanongopuwa chiremerera chababa. Tsika isati yajeka zvachose pachiKaranga ndeyokuti murume wangu anofanigwa kuti chii kuna vatete vangu kana vari vadoko kwandiri. Mukumanyirira kupindura tinowanzoti maiguru tichikangamwa kuti maiguru zvinoreva 'mukuru kuna mai', vuye vukuru bwacho bwuri pazero. Chokwadi chaicho ndechokuti chiKaranga hachina hwi rokushandisa apa nokuti vukama bwakadai habwuna kumbogara bwakurumbira murudzi ugu. Asivo hakuna chisingatangi: zvatovako kuti zita ringagamuchirika ikehino ndireri rokuti maiguru pachinhambo chokungorega munhu uyu asina zita.

Mumutauro wechiKristu uyo wakavamba muZimbabwe kumakore akatenderera 1890, kwakavawo nokukurumbira kwaBaba Vezvomweya. Uyu mudzidzisi kana mutungamiriri wezvechitendero anenge akagadzwa nyanyise mune sangano reRoma Katurike. Apa zvinenge zvichinzi nyakugadzwa uya ndibaba vedu pamweya sokumira kwaiva kwakaita Kristu pachinzvimbo chaBaba Vedu Vari Kudenga. Mumutauro wechiZezuru uyo wakapambadzigwa kubva panzanga yeChishawasha nechekuHarare, Baba nyakugadzwa ava vanogona kumbonzivo Fata rinova hwi rechiTarirana rinoreva baba.

## Mamwe Mazwi

*Chitate (in the manner of fatherhood, paternal) nenzira kana mutowo wemadzibaba.
*Babakadzi, babamukunda, tete kana samukadzi (paternal aunt).
*Babamukoma (Eldest brother acting in the place of a father).
*Muroodzi anobatana ukama nehama dzomuroorwi: the father of the groom con tracts affinital relationship with the relatives of the bride. 

## Tsumo

*Chembere ndeyembwa yemunhu ndibaba vevana.
*Hazvibviri kuti mwana angazvarwa pasina Baba. It is impossible for a child to be born without a biological father.
*Zvinobvira kuti vacheche vachangozvarwa vanopesaniswa muChipatara pavanoperekwa kuvabereki vavo. It is possible that young babies could be switched when their parents take them out of the hospital.
*Matukirwo ababa, kunema mwana. The father is scolded by jokingly abusing (his) child.
*Matukirwo ababa, kudonza mwana. The father is scolded by jokingly pulling (his) child.
*Igaroziva kuti amai mukadzi wababa. 
*Baba muredzi mwana kuchema anodaidza mai. A father is (just) a nurse; when a child cries it calls the mother. 
*Mwana kuberekwa vaviri, mugota hamuchemi kacheche. (Some things cannot be done by one person alone, like conceiving a child).

## Mitauro yeAfrika

*BaKalanga vanoti Tate kureva baba. Mamwe mazwi: batategulu (grandfather) kureva sekuru; batatenini kureva babamudiki.
*Kizigua, Nsenga, Ndonga, Kwanyama neUmbundu vanoti **tate** (father) kureva baba.
*VaLenje, VaTsonga neVaKongo vanoti **tata** kureva baba. Uyo Ibibio inoti **ete** (n.  father, old man, respectful address or reference to a man).
*Chewa inoti **bambo** kana **atata** (father). VaYao vanoti **atati** (father). Digo inoti **baba**, **sowe** kana **ise** (father) vachireva **baba**.
*Giryama inoti **baba**.  VaBarawani vanoti **waawe** kureva baba. Luganda inoti **taata**, baba kana **kita** (father) vachireva baba.
*Kambaata inoti **anna** (n. father) kureva baba. Lubwisi vanoti ese kureva baba.
*Sangho vanoti baba (n. father in a biological and social sense).