open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Robert S. Molaro

**Robert S. Molaro** (June 29, 1960 &ndash; June 15, 2020) was an American politician. He was born in Chicago. He was a Democratic member of both houses of the Illinois General Assembly. In 1993, he was elected to the Illinois Senate. In 2003, he was elected to the Illinois House of Representatives. He retired in 2009.

Molaro died in Chicago from pancreatic cancer on June 15, 2020 at the age of 69.

## References
G. C. Jennings

**Grover Cullen Jennings** (April 21, 1939 – June 8, 2020) was an American attorney and Democratic politician. He was born in Sugar Grove, Virginia. From 1982 to 1994, he was a member of the Virginia House of Delegates. 

Jennings was killed in a car crash on June 8, 2020 in Johnson City, Tennessee at the age of 81.

## References
Fabrizio Mioni

**Fabrizio Mioni** (September 23, 1930 – June 8, 2020) was an Italian-American actor. He was born in Rome. Mioni was known for his roles as Renaud in *Roland the Mighty* (1956), Jason in *Hercules* (1958) and as Armand in *Get Yourself a College Girl* (1964).

Mioni died on June 8, 2020 at his home in Los Angeles, aged 89.

## References
## Other websites
*
Smyth County, Virginia

**Smyth County** is a county located in the U.S. state of Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 29,800. Its county seat is Marion.

## References
Sugar Grove, Virginia

**Sugar Grove** is a census-designated place (CDP) in Smyth County, Virginia, United States. The population was 610 at the 2020 census.

## References
Floyd Lee

**Floyd Lee**, also known as **Theodore Williams** (August 20, 1933 – June 7, 2020), was an American blues musician. He was best known for his  performances of blues music in and around New York's subway stations for almost 30 years. Although best known for his passionate street performing in New York, in Lee's later years he recorded four albums in the 2000s on the Amogla Records label. 

Lee died on June 7, 2020 at a hospital in Columbus, Ohio of heart failure at the age of 86.

## References
Lance Reddick

**Lance Solomon Reddick** (June 7, 1962 &ndash; March 17, 2023) was an American actor and musician. He was best known for playing Cedric Daniels  in *The Wire* and Phillip Broyles in *Fringe*. He played Chief Irvin Irving on Amazon Prime's *Bosch*. He also played Charon in the *John Wick* movies.

Reddick was found dead on March 17, 2023, at his home in Los Angeles, California at the age of 60. The cause of death was heart and coronary artery disease.

## References
## Other websites
* Official site
Adrian Devine

**Paul Adrian Devine** (December 2, 1951 – June 27, 2020) was an American baseball pitcher. He played seven seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB). He played for the Atlanta Braves and Texas Rangers from 1973 until 1980. He batted and threw right-handed and was a relief pitcher. He was born in Galveston, Texas.

Devine survived tongue cancer twice. He died from brain and lung cancer on June 27, 2020 at the age of 68.

## References
Shen Jilan

**Shen Jilan** (; 29 December 1929 – 28 June 2020) was a Chinese politician. She was a member of the Communist Party of China. She was elected to the 1st National People's Congress in 1954, and had been re-elected for all the subsequent sittings of the National People's Congress over the next 65 years. She was known as the world's longest serving congresswoman.

Shen died on 28 June 2020 at the age of 90, from stomach cancer

## References
Lynika Strozier

**Lynika Strozier** (August 28, 1984 – June 7, 2020) was an American researcher and scientist. She was born in Birmingham, Alabama. Her career began when she started to work at Chicago's Field Museum, as a student intern. She was known for being able to work with DNA from particularly small and difficult biological samples.

She spent most of her scientific career at the Field Museum. In 2019 she started working as an adjunct professor at Malcolm X College. 

Strozier died on June 7, 2020 in Chicago from COVID-19, aged 35.

## References
Pine Lawn, Missouri

**Pine Lawn** is a city in St. Louis County, Missouri, United States. The population was 2,754 at the 2020 census.

## References
John Zook

**John Eldon Zook**  (September 24, 1947 – June 6, 2020) was an American professional football player. He was born in Garden City, Kansas. He was a defensive end for 12 seasons in the National Football League (NFL). He played for the St. Louis Cardinals and the Atlanta Falcons. Zook played college football for the University of Kansas.

Zook died on June 6, 2020 in Wichita, Kansas at the age of 72.

## References
Milt Earnhart

**Gerard Milton Earnhart** (April 1, 1918 – June 6, 2020) was an American politician and broadcast journalist. He was a Democratic member of the Arkansas House of Representatives and Arkansas Senate from the years of 1959 to 1980. He was born in Pine Lawn, Missouri.

Earnhart died on June 6, 2020 in Fort Smith, Arkansas at the age of 102.

## References
Ivan Kostov

**Ivan Yordanov Kostov** () (born 23 December 1949) is a Bulgarian politician. He was the 47th Prime Minister of Bulgaria in office from May 1997 to July 2001. He was leader of the Union of Democratic Forces (UDF) between December 1994 and July 2001.

## Other websites
* Speeches, Interviews and Photos
* Otgovori.eu: Ivan Kostov's answers to a large variety of questions
Art Miller Jr.

**Arthur "Art" Miller Jr.** (July 11, 1946 – June 25, 2020) was a Democratic politician. He was a member of the Michigan Senate from 1975 through 2002 representing a portion of Macomb County. From April 1985 through 1996, he was the Democratic leader in the chamber. Miller Jr. was born in Detroit, Michigan.

Miller Jr. died on June 25, 2020 in Royal Oak, Michigan from lung cancer at the age of 73.

## References
Kingdom of Kotte

The **Kingdom of Kotte** (Sinhala: කෝට්ටේ රාජධානිය *Kottay Rajadhaniya*), centered on Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte , was a kingdom that flourished in  Sri Lanka during the 15th century.

## History 
Parakramabahu VI first became the king of Raigama in 1412, then in 1415 he made Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte his capital. The King upgraded the existing citadel and built a new royal palace. Parakramabahu VI waited until ties between the Vijayanagara Empire and Jaffna Kingdom were severed. First he captured the Vanni and made its leaders loyal to him. Sapumal Kumaraya was the commander of the Kotte army at the time. Tamil served as one of the court languages of the Kotte kingdom at this time.

## References
Macomb County, Michigan

**Macomb County** is a county located in the eastern portion of the U.S. state of Michigan and is part of northern Metro Detroit. As of the 2020 census, the population was 881,217. It is the third-most populous county in the state. The county seat is Mt. Clemens.

## References
Satyatma Tirtha

**Sri Satyatma Tirtha**, is an Indian Hindu philosopher, guru and scholar. He is the Swamiji of the Sri Uttaradi Matha, a Matha belonging to the Dvaita school of philosophy, founded by Sri Madhvacharya. Sri Satyatma Tirtha is the 42nd in the lineage of the Uttaradi Matha, starting from Madhvacharya. Satyatma Tirtha was born in Mumbai, India.

## Social responsibility
Shri Satyatma Tirtha, through Uttaradi Math, encouraged water harvesting and management expert, the *waterman of India* and  Ramon Magsaysay Award winner Rajendra Singh to give lecture on water conservation and other topics. Through Uttaradi Math and jointly with Vishwa Madhva Maha Parishat, he is instrumental in helping needy students every year to the tune of Rs.5.00 lakhs (About US$10,000). He has also adopted a rural village in Raichur, Karnataka He has given spiritual discourses at several places like Bangalore, Gulbarga, Malkheda, Udupi, Rajahmundry, Pune, Raichur, Satyatma Tirtha, as the present head of Uttaradi Matha, has also encouraged other authors to write books on religious experiences.

## References 
## Bibliography
* 
* 
* 
* 
*

## Other websites 
* Official website of Uttaradi Math
* Dheemahi (English)
Vilhelm Kraus

**Vilhelm Botyov Kraus** () (22 April 1949 – 5 June 2020) was a Bulgarian politician. He was Minister of Transport in the Kostov Government between 1997 and 1999. He was born in Sofia.

In the 1990s, he served as vice-mayor of Sofia.

Kraus died on 5 June 2020 in Sofia, aged 71.

## References
Metro Detroit

The **Detroit metropolitan area**, often referred to as **Metro Detroit**, is a major metropolitan area in the U.S. State of Michigan, consisting of the city of Detroit and its surrounding area.

The metropolitan statistical area covers 6 counties: Lapeer, Livingston, Macomb, Oakland, St. Clair, and Wayne. 
The Detroit urban area covers parts of the counties of Macomb, Oakland, and Wayne. 

## References
Dutch Ceylon

**Dutch Ceylon**  existed from 1640 to 1796. It is called    in Sinhala. 

In the early 17th century, Sri Lanka (which was called Ceylon at the time), was divided between the Portuguese, and several local kingdoms. The kingdoms were fighting against each other very often. Although the Portuguese were not winning the war, their rule was rather burdensome to the people of the areas they controlled. At some point, the king of Kandy asked the Dutch for help. The Dutch East India Company ran the country. Even though they managed to control large areas near the coast, they did not control the mountain areas and the Kandxan kingdom in the center of the island.  The Dutch interest in Ceylon was to have a stronghold against the Iberians (Spanish and Portuguese) at the time.

## References
Cal Cunningham

**James Calvin Cunningham III** (born August 6, 1973) is an American politician, lawyer, and veteran. He was the North Carolina State Senator from the 23rd district from 2001 to 2003. He is a member of the Democratic Party.

He had an unsuccessful primary campaign for the United States Senate in the 2010 election. In 2020, Cunningham became the Democratic nominee in the 2020 Senate election.

In October 2020, it was revealed that Cunningham had an affair early in the year and sent sexual text messages to his mistress. This was controversial and affected his polling lead against U.S. Senator Thom Tillis weeks before the election. Cunningham lost the election to Tillis on November 10.

## References
Medicaid

**Medicaid** in the United States is a federal and state program that helps with medical costs for some people with limited income and resources. Medicaid also offers benefits not normally covered by Medicare, including nursing home care and personal care services.

Medicaid is the largest source of funding for medical and health-related services for people with low income in the United States, providing free health insurance to 74 million low-income and disabled people (23% of Americans) as of 2017.

Under the Affordable Care Act (ACA) of 2010, states had the option to expand Medicaid coverage to nearly all low-income people under the age of 65. Eligibility for children was extended to at least 133% of the federal poverty level, and states now have the option to cover adults with income levels at or below 133% of the federal poverty level. The Affordable Care Act (ACA) expanded coverage so that more Americans have access to health insurance—which includes mental health treatment coverage. Under the ACA, both mental and behavioral health disorders are covered similarly to physical health disorders. This includes the treatment of substance use disorders.

## References
Portuguese Ceylon

**Portuguese Ceylon**  is the name given to the part of Ceylon, modern-day Sri-Lanka, controlled by the Portuguese Empire between 1597 and 1658.

The first contact  was established by Dom Lourenço de Almeida in 1505–6. It was largely accidental and it wasn't until 12 years later that the Portuguese sought to establish a fortified trading settlement. That allowed the Portuguese a claim to the Kingdom of Kotte upon Dharmapala's death in 1597. Portuguese rule began with much resistance by the local population.

Eventually, the Kingdom of Kandy sought help from the Dutch East India Company, with whom they entered into agreement. After the collapse of the Iberian economy in 1627, the Dutch–Portuguese War saw the Dutch conquest of most of Portugal's Asian colonies - Ceylon included, between 1638 and 1658. Elements of Portuguese culture from this colonial period remain in Sri Lanka.

## References
Medicare (United States)

**Medicare** is a national health insurance program in the United States. It began in 1965 under the Social Security Administration (SSA) by Lyndon B. Johnson and now administered by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS). It gives health care insurance for Americans aged 65 and older, people with End-Stage Renal Disease and also for some younger people with disability. Medicare consists of three parts:

**Medicare Part A (Hospital Insurance)**: Covers inpatient hospital care, skilled nursing facility care, hospice, and some home health care.

**Medicare Part B (Medical Insurance)**: Covers doctor office visits and services, outpatient care, medical supplies, and preventative care and services.

**Medicare Part D (prescription drug coverage)**: Covers the cost of prescription drugs, flu shots, and vaccines.

## Medicare Advantage 
Medicare Advantage is part of the Medicare program offered to older people and disabled adults who qualify. Also referred to as Part C plans, Medicare Advantage (MA) plans are provided by private insurance companies instead of the federal government. They include the same Part A hospital and Part B medical coverage that Original Medicare provides but not hospice care. Most MA plans also include Part D prescription drug coverage. Anyone who joins an MA plan still has Medicare.

The average monthly premium for a Medicare Advantage plan in 2021 is expected to drop 11% to about $21 from an average of $23.63 in 2020. Private companies receive a fixed amount each month for Medicare Advantage plan care. In turn, these companies can charge out-of-pocket costs to policyholders and are able to establish their own rules for service such as the need for referrals or provider networks for both non-urgent care and emergency services.

Regional preferred provider organizations (PPOs) were established to provide rural beneficiaries greater access to Medicare Advantage plans and cover entire statewide or multi-state regions. Regional PPOs accounted for 5% of all Medicare Advantage enrollees in 2020. About 24 million people, or 36% of those receiving Medicare benefits, were enrolled in a Medicare Advantage plan in 2020. That number is expected to climb to more than 26 million in 2021.

## Medicare for Alcoholism 
Medicare Parts A and B include coverage for addiction treatment, including alcohol rehab. According to Medicare Interactive, a website that provides information on Medicare plans, Medicare Part A can help pay for hospitalization for substance abuse treatment, while Part B can help cover treatment for partial hospitalization or outpatient addiction treatment services.

In addition, Medicare Part D provides coverage for medications used in treating alcohol addiction, such as naltrexone, as long as these drugs are considered medically necessary for the policyholder.

## Related pages
*Social Security
*Medicaid

## References
Ron Larrieu

**Gilbert Ronald Larrieu** (May 23, 1937 &ndash; June 1, 2020), known as **Ron Larrieu**, was an American long-distance runner. He competed in the men's 10,000 metres at the 1964 Summer Olympics. He was born in San Francisco. He was a two time national champion in cross country, in 1965 and 1966.

Larrieu died on June 1, 2020 at the age of 83.

## References
## Other websites
* 
*
Mount Clemens, Michigan

**Mount Clemens** is a city in the U.S. state of Michigan. The population was 15,697 at the 2020 census. It is the county seat of Macomb County.

## References
Acute respiratory distress syndrome

**Acute respiratory distress syndrome** (**ARDS**) is a type of respiratory failure caused by a massive widespread inflammation in the lungs. Symptoms include shortness of breath, rapid breathing, and bluish skin color. For those who survive, a short life span is common as a result.

Causes may include sepsis, pancreatitis, trauma, pneumonia, and aspiration.

## Related pages 
* Paracetamol
* Pneumothorax

## References
Owosso, Michigan

**Owosso** is the largest city in Shiawassee County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The population was 14,714 at the 2020 census.  The city is mostly surrounded by Owosso Township on the east.  The city was named after Chief Wosso, an Ojibwe leader of the Shiawassee area.

## References
Shiawassee County, Michigan

**Shiawassee**  is a county located in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2020 census, the population was 68,094. The county seat is Corunna, and the largest city in the county is Owosso.

## References
Corunna, Michigan

**Corunna** ( *CORE-UN-NUH*) is a city and county seat of Shiawassee County in the U.S. state of Michigan.  The population was 3,046 at the 2020 census.  The city is surrounded by Caledonia Charter Township and is slight east of the city of Owosso.  

## References
Caledonia Township, Shiawassee County, Michigan

**Caledonia Charter Township** is a charter township of Shiawassee County in the U.S. state of Michigan.  The population was 4,360 at the 2020 census.

## References
Caledonia Township, Alcona County, Michigan

**Caledonia Township** is a civil township of Alcona County, Michigan, United States. The population was 1,032 at the 2020 census.

## References
Bennington Township, Michigan

**Bennington Township** is a civil township of Shiawassee County in the U.S. state of Michigan.  As of the 2020 census, the township population was 3,119.  Bennington Township is the center of population of the state of Michigan.

## References
British Ceylon

**Ceylon** (Sinhala: බ්‍රිතාන්‍ය ලංකාව, *Brithānya Laṃkāva*; Tamil: பிரித்தானிய இலங்கை, *Birithaniya Ilangai*) was the British Crown colony of present-day Sri Lanka between 1815 and 1948. Initially the area it covered did not include the Kingdom of Kandy, which was a protectorate, but from 1817 to 1948 the British possessions included the whole island of Ceylon, now the nation of **Sri Lanka**.

## References
Lower Peninsula of Michigan

The **Lower Peninsula of Michigan** – also known as **Lower Michigan** – is the southern and less elevated of the two major landmasses that make up the U.S. state of Michigan, the other being the Upper Peninsula. It is surrounded by water on all sides except its southern border, which it shares with Indiana and Ohio.

Although the Upper Peninsula is commonly referred to as "the U.P.", it is uncommon for the Lower Peninsula to be called "the L.P." 

## References
Wheaton, Minnesota

**Wheaton** is a city in Traverse County, Minnesota, United States.  The population was 1,460 at the 2020 census.  It is the county seat.

## References
Shelby Charter Township, Michigan

**Shelby Charter Township**, officially the **Charter Township of Shelby**, is a charter township and census-designated place located in Macomb County in the U.S. state of Michigan. It is a suburb of Detroit. As of the 2020 census, the township had a total population of 79,408. Shelby Charter Township is one of the fastest growing communities in Metro Detroit.

## References
Chelsea, Michigan

**Chelsea** is a city in Washtenaw County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The population was 5,467 at the 2020 census.

## References
Rochester, Michigan

**Rochester** is a city in Oakland County in the U.S. state of Michigan. About 13,035 lived here in 2020.  It is a northern suburb of Metro Detroit. It is located about  north of the city of Detroit.

## References
Léonor Serraille

**Léonor Serraille**  (born in Lyon) is a French director and screenwriter.

She won a César Award for Best First Feature Film, Caméra d'Or , and Lumières Award for Best First Film .

## Filmgraphy 
* *Body,* 2016
* *Montparnasse Bienvenue* (*Jeune Femme*) 2017 

## References
Romain Lopez

**Romain Lopez**, (born in 1989 in Moissac) is a French politician. He holds a master's degree in political science and another in history.

He joined the Front National at the end of 2013.

## References
Koryakskaya

**Koryakskaya Sopka** or **Korkatsky** is a volcano on the Kamtchatka peninsula in the Russian Far East. This volcano is  high. The peak of the volcano has a modern crater,  to  in diameter. The volcano is located only  from the territory's capital, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky and contributes to the panoramic views from the city.

## History 
In 1996, this volcano was listed as a Decade Volcano, one of 16 volcanoes around the world that the UN International Association of Vulcanology and Chemistry of the Earth's Interior found deserving of special study because of their history of activity and proximity to modern-day settlements.

In December 2008, Koryakskaya Sopka emitted a column of steam and gas that could easily be seen in photographs taken from space. Its most recent eruption was recorded in 2009.
Dervishes

**Dervish State** was members of a Dhulbahante anti-colonial state founded in Dareema Caddo from 1896 to 1920 called Darawiish; geographically synonymous with Khatumo and a successor state to the Dhulbahante garaadship. It may also refer to:

## Other 
* Sufi dervish, a Tarika for asceticism
* Whirling dervishes, a whirling ritual by followers of Rumi
* *Dervish Blues*, 1975 album by Johnny Winter
* *The Dervish and Death*, a 1974 movie with Usnija Redžepova as protagonist
Zhang Yuqian

**Zhang Yuqian** (born 2 May 2000) is a Chinese volleyball player. She played for the Chinese national team. She played at the 2015 FIVB Volleyball Girls' U18 World Championship, 2016 Asian Women's U19 Volleyball Championship, and 2017 FIVB Volleyball Women's U20 World Championship.

She played for Shanghai women's volleyball team.

## References
Felipe Franco Munhoz

**Felipe Franco Munhoz** (born 4 March 1990 in São Paulo) is a Brazilian writer and translator. He holds a bachelor’s degree from Federal University of Paraná (UFPR). Franco Munhoz presented performances and participated in debates in Sorbonne Université (France), The University of Chicago (USA) – supported by Instituto Guimarães Rosa –, Universidade de São Paulo (Brazil), King Saud University (Saudi Arabia), City of Asylum’s LitFest (USA), Newark Public Library (USA), Macau Literary Festival (China), Flup (Brazil), Indian Institute for Human Settlements (India), among others; his fiction and poetry has appeared in magazines or newspapers such as Electric Literature’s The Commuter (USA), Words Without Borders (USA), Revue Catastrophes (France), Ponto Final (China), O Estado de S. Paulo (Brazil) and piauí (Brazil). He was selected to The University of Iowa’s International Writing Program – sponsored by the Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs of the U.S. Department of State –, received a Santa Maddalena Foundation Fellowship (Italy), a MacDowell Fellowship (USA), a Ucross Foundation Fellowship (USA), a Sangam House residency (India) – sponsored by Itamaraty: Brazilian Ministry of Foreign Affairs –, a Festival Artes Vertentes residency (Brazil) and an Art Omi: Writers residency (USA); to Art Omi, Tom Stoppard wrote: “An experimentalist in the best sense, a true modernist. His published texts are not like any other texts I have seen: just to look at them tells you he is pushing boundaries.”

## Books 
In Portuguese:
**Mentiras* (São Paulo: Nós, 2016)
**Identidades* (São Paulo: Nós, 2018)
**Lanternas ao nirvana* (Record, 2022)
**Dissoluções* (Record, 2024)
**A bússola adúltera* (Ars et Vita, 2024)
In English:
**Guide to a Fall* (University of Iowa, 2025; co-written with Nada Alturki)

## Translation 
**O Cavaleiro de Bronze e outros poemas*, by Alexander Pushkin – translation (Kalinka, 2022)

## References
Stephanie McCrummen

**Stephanie McCrummen** is an American journalist. She won a George Polk Award and Pulitzer Prize in Investigative Reporting.

She graduated from University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and Columbia University.

## References
Paige Tapp

**Paige Tapp** (born 21 June 1995) is an American volleyball player.

She played at the 2017 Women's Pan-American Volleyball Cup, 2017 FIVB Volleyball World Grand Prix, and 2018 Women's Pan-American Volleyball Cup.

She played for the University of Minnesota's women's volleyball team. Allianz Stuttgart, and Lardini Filottrano.

## References
Amanda Benson

**Amanda Benson** (born March 9, 1995) is an American volleyball player.

She played at the 2017 Women's Pan-American Volleyball Cup, 2017 FIVB Volleyball World Grand Prix, 2018 Women's Pan-American Volleyball Cup, and 2018 FIVB Volleyball Women's Nations League.

She played for the University of Oregon's women's volleyball and Dresdner SC 1898.

## References
Jacobus Vrijmoet

**Jacobus Vrijmoet** (1744 or 1756 – 1831) was a Dutch painter.

He studied at the Stadstekenacademie in Amsterdam.

His work is in the Noordbrabants Museum, Petit Palais, and Regional Archive Tilburg.

## References
Colette Maze

**Colette Maze** (16 June 1914 &ndash; 19 November 2023) was a French pianist. She played classical music. Maze was born in Paris, France.

## Life 
Maze studied at the École Normale de Musique de Paris with Alfred Cortot and Nadia Boulanger.

She was a piano teacher. 

In 2017, Maze released her fourth album dedicated to Claude Debussy. It also has works by Federico Mompou, Astor Piazzolla, and Alberto Ginastera.

Maze died on 19 November 2023 in Paris at the age of 109.

## Discography
*
*
*
*
*
*

## References
AS Val

The **AS** also referred to as **"Val"** is a special assault rifle designed (created) by the Soviets. It has a built-in suppresor. The development began in the first half of the late 1980s in the Central Research Institute of Precision Engineering, in the city of Klimovsk part of the Moscow region. The lead designer of the rifle is Pyotr Serdyukov.

TsNIITochMash (Central Institute for Precision Machine Building) developed it in 1987. Since 1987, the Soviet Army and the KGB used it in their arsenal. Russian Spetsnaz special forces and some divisions of the Russian Army also use it.

The AS is expensive and there are not many available. It is not used often according to many Russian Spetsnaz operators. It is used during special operations by either sabotage or reconnaissance units deployed behind enemy lines. 

The AS and VSS are very effective. Some Russian army and special forces units, and Moscow’s intelligence and security forces still use it. Forces used the rifles during the last years of the Soviet occupation of Afghanistan. They were also important in the Chechen wars and the conflict in Georgia.

Most recently, Russia used the weapon during military operations in Crimea and Syria.

## Design 
The AS has an effective range of about 300 m. It uses heavy subsonic 9×39mm SP-6 (high-performance armor-piercing) ammunition (which weigh down the bullet). It also uses the SP-5 ball cartridge used by the VSS Vintorez suppressed sniper rifle. It can also use the same 10- or 20-round magazines of the VSS and the 30-round magazine of the SR-3M. Controls are similar to all AK-type rifles. It has a charging handle on the right side, a tangent rear sight, a magazine release button behind the magazine well, and a safety lever above the trigger guard. The fire selector is located within the trigger guard, behind the trigger.

The rifle has two modes of fire: semi-automatic and fully automatic fire. It has a cyclic rate of fire of 900 rounds per minute (RPM). According to its users, the AS is reliable, accurate, and well liked.

The rifle has an AK-type side mount for various optical sights. For example, it has the 4x PSO-1 scope and night sights such as the 1PN51 calibrated for use with the 9×39mm cartridge. The standard open sights are graduated up to 400 m in 25 m increments.

The AS shares 70% of its components with its sister-gun, the VSS Vintorez. The differences are a skeletonized steel stock which folds to the left for storage and transportation (the gun can operate with stock folded, but it cannot have a scope while the stock is folded).

The reliability of the rifle is said to be equivalent to the AKM. This includes functioning in difficult conditions such as dust, dirt, sand, rain, and at a temperature range from -50 °C to +50 °C.

## References
Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic

The **Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic** was a part of the Soviet Union comprised in Central Asia. Its borders encompassed much of the modern day territories of Uzbekistan.
Jessica Niles

**Jessica Niles** (born 14 July 1993) is a Canadian volleyball player. She is part of the Canadian women's national volleyball team. She competed at the 2015 FIVB World Grand Prix, 2016 FIVB World Grand Prix, 2018 FIVB Volleyball Women's World Championship, and 2019 FIVB Volleyball Women's Challenger Cup.

She played for the University of Alberta's women's volleyball team and ATSC Kelag Wildcats.

## References
Philipp Winkler

**Philipp Winkler** (born 1986) is a German writer. He won the 2016 Aspekte-Literaturpreis.

He studied at University of Hildesheim. In 2015, he was a fellow of the Graz "Workshop for Young Literature".

## Works 
* *Hool,* Berlin : Aufbau, 2016  ISBN 9783351036454
## Works in English 
* *Hooligan*, Arcade Publishing, 2018. ISBN 9781628728675 

## References
Mosquitofish

The **western mosquitofish**  (***Gambusia affinis***) is a North American freshwater poeciliid fish in the Poeciliidae family.  It is from the southern and midwestern United States and east coast of Mexico. Human beings brought it to many other places, for example Hawaii, Puerto Rico, and Australia. It has caused problems as an invasive species. Some scientists say that the western mosquitofish has had the largest effect on the environment of any fish in the family Poeciliidae.

## Size
The adult male western mosquitofish grows to  and the female to . It has a round tail fin. and the damselfly in Hawaii.

## Name
The western mosquitofish *G. affinis* and eastern mosquitofish *G. holbrooki* used to both be called *G. affinis* because people thought they were the same species. They are not. According to the IUCN Global Invasive Species Database, most records in Australia that say "*G. affinis*" really mean *G. holbrooki*.

## References
Barilium

***Barilium*** is a genus of iguanodontian dinosaur which was first described as a species of *Iguanodon* (*I. dawsoni*) by Richard Lydekker in 1888, the specific epithet honouring the discoverer Charles Dawson. 

## References
Hannah Tapp

**Hannah Tapp** (born 21 June 1995) is an American volleyball player.

She played at the 2017 FIVB Volleyball World Grand Prix, 2019 FIVB Volleyball Women's World Cup, and 2019 FIVB Volleyball Women's Nations League. she also competed at the fivb World Cup 2019 in Japan

She played for the University of Minnesota's women's volleyball team and Volley Bergamo.

## References
Nava Ebrahimi

**Nava Ebrahimi** (born 1978 in Tehran) is a German writer living in Austria. She won a 2017 Austrian Book Prize.

## Life 
She studied journalism and economics in Cologne. She worked as a journalist for the *Financial Times Deutschland* and the *Cologne City Revue*. She was a consultant for the Federal Agency for Foreign Trade. In 2007 she was a finalist in the Open Mike literary award. In 2013 she was in the Bavarian Academy of Writing.

For her first novel *Sixteen Words*, she won the €10,000 debut prize of the 2017 Austrian Book Award. In 2020 she published her second novel, *Das Paradies meines Nachbarn,* about Ali Najjar.

In 2018 she was invited to *the New Literature Festival* in New York City . 

## Works 
* *Sechzehn Wörter*, Roman, btb-Verlag, München 2017,  ISBN 978-3-442-75679-7
* *Das Paradies meines Nachbarn*, Roman, btb-Verlag, München 2019, ISBN 978-3-442-75869-2 

;Anthologies in English
*Radka Denemarková; Margarethe Makovec; Anton Lederer; Nava Ebrahimi; Olga Flor; *Guerrilla der Aufklärung/ Guerilla of Enlightenment*,  Wien Verlag für moderne Kunst 2020. ISBN 9783903320949

## References
Pale frog

The **pale frog**, **pallid rocket frog**, **pale rocket frog** or **peach-sided rocket frog** (*Litoria pallida*) is a frog from Australia. It lives in Western Australia, Queensland and the Northern Territory.

The adult frog can grow to 4.0 cm long from nose to rear end.  It is light gray in colour with some stripes.  It has yellow colour on its legs.  Its front feet have a little webbing and its hind feet have more webbing.

It lives in forests and grasslands and in caves and rocky places.

It lays eggs 50&ndash;350 eggs at a time in temporary bodies of water.  The tadpoles take 8 to 10 weeks to become frogs but sometimes they become frogs in as little as 5 weeks.

## References
Karolina Ciaszkiewicz

**Karolina Ciaszkiewicz-Lach** (born 7 September 1979) is a Polish volleyball player.

She played at the 2001 Women's European Volleyball Championship, 2004 FIVB World Grand Prix, and 2008 FIVB World Grand Prix. 

She played for Stal Bielsko-Biala and Aluprof. 

## References
The Croods

**The Croods** is a 2013 American computer-animated Sci- Fi adventure comedy movie produced by DreamWorks Animation and distributed by 20th Century Fox and select theaters in Indiana.  The movie was written and directed by Kirk DeMicco and Chris Sanders, and Nicholas Cage and stars the voices of Nicolas Cage, Emma Stone, Ryan Reynolds, Catherine Keener, Clark Duke,  Cloris Leachman, and Randy Thom with Dwayne Johnson making an appearance in the voices of background characters in which was later revealed to Buzzfeed that "I felt it was necessary to give a certain lively feeling to the background of this otherworldly movie" (Johnson, Dwayne).

## References
## Other websites 
* 
* 
* 
*
Al Wakrah

**Al Wakrah** () is a city in Qatar. Al Wakrah's eastern edge is the shore of the Persian Gulf and Qatar's capital city Doha is situated north of the city. It is governed by Sheikh Abdulrahman bin Jassim Al Thani.  It was originally a small fishing and pearling village. Over the years, it evolved into a small city with a population of more than 80,000 and is currently considered to be the second-largest city in Qatar.

It has undergone extensive development and growth since the 21st century began while also being slowly merged by rapidly expanding Doha from the north. Notable milestones in the city's modern history include the May 2019 inauguration of Al Janoub Stadium, a stadium that will be used for the 2022 FIFA World Cup in Qatar, the opening of Al Wakrah Heritage Village in 2016, the Al Wakrah Main Road Project which is set to be completed in 2020, and the city's integration into the Doha Metro's Red Line.

Situated off the Persian Gulf to the east, Al Wakrah is approximately 15 km (9.3 mi) south of the capital city Doha, 72 km (45 mi) south of Al Khor, 21 km (13 mi) north of Mesaieed, 36 km (22 mi) southeast of Umm Salal Mohammed, and 100 km (62 mi) southeast of Dukhan.

The city has two public beaches and a mall named Ezdan Mall, which was completed in late 2016.

## References
Sarah Wilhite

**Sarah Wilhite Parsons** (born 30 July 1995) is an American volleyball player.

She played at the 2017 FIVB Volleyball World Grand Prix, 2018 Women's Pan-American Volleyball Cup, 2018 FIVB Volleyball Women's Nations League, 2018 FIVB Volleyball Women's World Championship, and 2019 FIVB Volleyball Women's Nations League.

She played for the University of Minnesota's women's volleyball team, MTV Stuttgart 1843, and Futura Volley Busto Arsizio.

## References
Sky Riders

***Sky Raiders*** (also known as **Assault on the Forbidden Fortress**) is a 1976 American action adventure movie directed by Douglas Hickox and starring James Coburn, Susannah York, Robert Culp, Charles Aznavour, Harry Andrews, Zouzou and John Beck. It was distributed by 20th Century Fox.

## Other websites
* 
* 
*
Mike Harrington

**Mike Harrington** is an American computer programmer. He is the co-founder of the video game development and digital distribution company Valve. Previously a game programmer at Dynamix and a designer on the Windows NT operating system at Microsoft, Harrington founded Valve in 1996 with Gabe Newell, another former Microsoft employee. He and Newell privately funded the development of *Half-Life*, which he also helped program.

On January 15, 2000, after the success of *Half-Life*, Harrington dissolved his partnership with Newell and left Valve to spend time with his wife.

## References
Piqua, Ohio

**Piqua** ( ) is a city in Miami County, southwest Ohio, United States, 27 miles north of Dayton. The population was 20,354 at the 2020 census.

## References
Ministry of Health (Israel)

The **Ministry of Health** () is a ministry in the Israeli government. It is responsible for deciding the health policies for the Israel.

The present Health Minister is Nitzan Horowitz (Meretz).

## References
## Other websites
* www.health.gov.il
Palestinian Medical Relief Society

**Palestinian Medical Relief Society (PMRS)** is a community based non-profit health-organization in Palestine. It was established in 1979 by a group of Palestinian doctors and health professionals. Its main objective is to improve the overall physical, mental, and social well being of all Palestinians, irrespective of their racial, political, social, economic status.

## References
Laura Hillman

**Laura Hillman** (born **Hannelore Wolff**; October 16, 1923 – June 4, 2020) was a German-born American survivor of Holocaust concentration camps, including Auschwitz-Birkenau. She was also a *Schindlerjude*, who survived the Holocaust with the help of Oskar Schindler. 

In 2005, she published a young adult book about her experiences during the Holocaust which is titled ''i will plant you a lilac tree&nbsp;– a memoir of a Schindler's list survivor.'' She was born in Aurich, Ostfriesland, Germany.

Hillman died on June 4, 2020 in Rossmoor, California at the age of 96.

## References
Rossmoor, California

**Rossmoor** is a planned census-designated place located in Orange County, California. As of the 2020 census, the CDP had a total population of 10,625.

## References
Noel Johnson (basketball)

**Noel Dawn Johnson** (December 1, 1972 – June 9, 2020) was an American basketball player and the head coach of the Midwestern State Mustangs women's basketball team. She played for the national championship Texas Tech Lady Raiders in 1993. She was born in Shamrock, Texas. She also coached Midwestern State Mustangs from 2009 to 2020.

Johnson died on June 9, 2020 from ovarian cancer, aged 47.

## References
Shamrock, Texas

**Shamrock** is a city in Wheeler County, Texas, United States. As of the 2020 census, the city had a total population of 1,789.

## References
Peter E. Toschek

**Peter E. Toschek** (18 April 1933 &ndash; 25 June 2020) was a German experimental physicist. He researched nuclear physics, quantum optics, and laser physics. He was known as an important scientist of laser spectroscopy. He was a professor at Hamburg University. Toschek was born in Hindenburg, Saxony-Anhalt.

Toschek died on 25 June 2020 in Hindenburg, aged 87.

## References
Pierre-Antoine-Jean Bach

**Pierre-Antoine-Jean Bach** (29 July 1932 &ndash; 26 June 2020) was a French-born Laotian Roman Catholic bishop. He was ordained to the priesthood in 1959. He was the Roman Catholic bishop of the Apostolic Vicariate of Savannakhet. Laos, from 1971 to 1975.

Bach died on 26 June 2020, aged 87.

## References
Tom Finn (singer)

**Thomas Joseph Finn** (November 21, 1948 &ndash; June 27, 2020) was an American pop jazz singer-songwriter, guitarist and DJ.  He was a founding member of the 1960s baroque pop group The Left Banke.

Finn died on June 27, 2020 at the age of 71.

## References
## Other websites
*DJ Tom Finn
*
David Stronach

**David Bruce Stronach**   ( &ndash; ) was a British archeologist of ancient Iran and Iraq. He was an emeritus professor at the University of California, Berkeley. He was recipient of the 2004 Archaeological Institute of America (AIA) Gold Medal for "Distinguished Archaeological Achievement". Stronach was an expert on the city of Pasargadae.

Stronach died on June 27, 2020 at the age of 89.

## References
Kim Bridgford

**Kim Bridgford** (August 9, 1959 – June 28, 2020) was an American poet, writer, critic, and academic. 

In her poetry, she wrote mainly in traditional forms, particularly sonnets. She was the director of Poetry by the Sea: A Global Conference, created in 2014 and first held in May 2015. She directed the West Chester University Poetry Conference from 2010 through 2014. She was born in Coal Valley, Illinois. Bridgford started teaching at Fairfield University in Connecticut in 1989.

Bridgford died from cancer on June 28, 2020, at the age of 60, at a hospice care center in Bettendorf, Iowa.

## Related pages 
*List of poets from North America

## References
John Kneebone

**John Thomas Kneebone**  (1935 – 28 June 2020) was a New Zealand farming leader. He was elected as president of Federated Farmers in 1974. He was appointed to the Waitangi Tribunal in 1989. He was the inspiration behind the National Agricultural Fieldays in 1969.

In the 1988 New Year Honours, Kneebone was appointed a Companion of the Order of St Michael and St George, for public services and services to agriculture. 

He died in Cambridge on 28 June 2020, aged 84.

## References
Ingrid Roscoe

**Dame Ingrid Mary Roscoe**, DCVO, FSA (27 May 1944 – 28 June 2020) was an English writer on art. Roscoe was Lord Lieutenant of West Yorkshire from 2004 until 2018. Roscoe was editor-in-chief and co-author of *A Biographical Dictionary of Sculptors in Britain, 1660–1851*, published in November 2009. 

Roscoe died on 28 June 2020, aged 76.

## References
Workum

]]
 of Workum]]
 of Workum]]
**Workum** (, ) is a city located in the municipality of Súdwest-Fryslân in Friesland, Netherlands. It received city rights in 1374. It is one of the eleven cities of Friesland. It had a population of 4,435 in January 2017.

## References
Museology

**Museology** or **museum studies** is the study of museums. It studies the history of museums and their role in society, as well as the activities they engage in. They also study other things about museums including curating, preservation, public programming, and education.

## References
Bernhard van Haersma Buma

**Bernhardus “Bernhard” van Haersma Buma** (23 March 1932 – 26 June 2020) was a Dutch politician and writer. He was a member of the Christian Historical Union (CHU) and later on of the Christian Democratic Appeal (CDA). He was mayor of Workum and Sneek. He was born in Stavoren, Netherlands.

Buma died from a heart attack on 26 June 2020 at a hospital in Leeuwarden, Netherlands at the age of 88.

Bernhard van Haersma Buma is the father of CDA politician Sybrand van Haersma Buma.

## References
Madeleine Juneau

**Madeleine Juneau** (10 November 1945 &ndash; 26 June 2020) was a Canadian museologist and teacher. She was a member of the Congregation of Notre Dame of Montreal. She was awarded the Prix Gérard-Morisset in 2013. She was born in Saint-Augustin-de-Desmaures, Quebec.

Juneau died in Verdun, France on 26 June 2020, aged 74.

## References
Rosemarie Müller-Streisand

**Rosemarie Müller-Streisand** (11 August 1923 &ndash; 26 June 2020) was a German church historian, theologian and teacher. In 1963 she became a professor and in 1969 she was a main person of church history at the Humboldt University in Berlin. She retired in 1983.

Müller-Streisand died in Berlin on 26 June 2020, aged 96.

## References
Ernesto Marcel

**Ernesto Marcel** (23 May 1948 – 29 June 2020) was a Panamanian professional boxer. He competed from 1966 to 1974. He held the WBA featherweight title from 1972 to 1974 and challenged for the WBC featherweight title in 1971. Marcel was born in Colón, Panama.

Marcel died on 29 June 2020 in Panama City, aged 72.

## References
Benny Mardones

**Ruben Armand "Benny" Mardones** (November 9, 1946 – June 29, 2020) was an American pop singer-songwriter. He was known for his hit single "Into the Night," which hit the Top 20 on the *Billboard* Hot 100 chart twice, in 1980 (#11) and again in 1989 (#20). He was born in Cleveland, Ohio.

Mardones died on June 29, 2020 at his home in Menifee, California from Parkinson's disease-related problems, aged 73. 

## References
Menifee, California

**Menifee** is a city in Riverside County, California, United States, and part of the Los Angeles Combined Statistical Area. 

## References
Romoland, California

**Romoland** is a census-designated place (CDP) in Riverside County, California, United States. The population was 2,005 at the 2020 census.

## References
Svend Aage Rask

**Svend Aage Rask** (14 July 1935 &ndash; 29 June 2020) was a Danish footballer. During his club career he played for Boldklubben 1909. He earned 1 cap for the Denmark national football team. He was in the finals squad for the 1964 European Nations' Cup.

Rask died on 29 June 2020, aged 84.

## References
## Other websites
*Profile at DBU
Stay As You Are

***Stay As You Are*** (), also known as ***Stay the Way You Are***, is a 1978 Italian Spanish erotic drama movie directed by Alberto Lattuada and starring Marcello Mastroianni, Nastassja Kinski, Francisco Rabal, Mónica Randall, Ania Pieroni, Barbara De Rossi, José María Caffarel, Massimo Bonetti. It was distributed by Columbia Pictures.

## Other websites
*
VSS Vintorez

The **VSS**, also called the **Vintorez**, (rus. Винторез,  literally "screw cutter") is a sniper rifle featuring a built-in suppressor (similar to that of the AS-Val) the weapon is loaded with heavy subsonic 9×39mm SP5 cartridges and armor-piercing SP6 cartridges. It was manufactured (created) by the Soviet company TsNIITochMash during the late 1980s. It is issued primarily to Spetsnaz units for secretive operations, a role made evident by its ability to be broken down for transport in a specially fitted case.

## Design 
The way the gun operates and the silencer system used on the VSS are based from the AS assault rifle. The VSS is a gas-operated select-fire rifle. It has a long-stroke gas piston operating rod in a gas cylinder above the barrel. The weapon catch is held in its place thanks to a rotating bolt who attach themselves to the appropriate socket when needed. The VSS is striker fired. It features a cross-bolt type fire selector switch located behind the trigger, inside the trigger guard; the safety lever and the charging handle resemble those used in Kalashnikov weapons.

The skeletonized wooden stock is a more rounded version of that provided on the SVD rifle; it has a rubber shoulder pad and can be removed when the rifle is dismantled for compact storage. The forward handguard is made from a high-impact polymer. If needed, the weapon can be used in fully automatic mode using either its original 10-round magazine or the 20-round magazines from the AS rifle.