open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Fort Riley, Kansas

**Fort Riley** is a United States Army installation in North Central Kansas. It is on the Kansas River between Junction City and Manhattan. The Fort Riley Military Reservation covers 101,733 acres (41,170&nbsp;ha) in Geary and Riley counties. The part of the fort that has housing development is part of the Fort Riley census-designated place. In 2010, 7,761 people lived there. The fort has a daytime population of nearly 25,000. The ZIP Code is 66442.

## Stationed units 
1st Infantry Division
* 1st Armored Brigade Combat Team
* 2nd Armored Brigade Combat Team
* 1st Infantry Division Artillery (DIVARTY)
* 1st Combat Aviation Brigade
* 1st Sustainment Brigade
* Division Headquarters and Headquarters Battalion

Garrison
* 97th Military Police Battalion
* Headquarters and Headquarters Company, U.S. Army Garrison

Partners
* 10th Air Support Operations Squadron, USAF
* 407th Army Field Support Brigade
* 902nd Military Intelligence Group
* Det. 2, 3rd Weather Squadron, USAF
* Irwin Army Community Hospital
* Warrior Transition Battalion
* 1st Signal Command, inactive 1969
* 630th Ordnance Company (Explosive Ordnance Disposal)
* 774th Ordnance Company (Explosive Ordnance Disposal)
* 923rd Contracting Battalion
*121st Signal Battalion (United States), inactivated 1995

## References
## Other websites
* 
* Fort Riley History 
* U.S. Cavalry Museum 
* Fort Riley Museums information 
* Guide to Fort Riley attractions and museums
* Atomic Cannon at Fort Riley
* Atomic Cannon history
* Atomic Cannon and other sites in Fort Riley 
* Kansas forts and posts
* 
* 
*
Great Flood of 1951

In mid-July 1951, heavy rains led to a lot of water in the Kansas River. Flooding happened in the Kansas, Neosho, Marais Des Cygnes, and Verdigris river basins. There was more than $935 million in damage in eastern Kansas and Missouri in June and July 1951. Adjusting for inflation, it would be nearly $8.52 billion in 2016. The flood killed 17 people. It caused 518,000 people to move somewhere else.

## Flood
The flood in Kansas started in May. It started with the flood of the Big Creek, (a tributary of the Smoky Hill River) in Hays. It flooded after eleven inches of rain in two hours. The creek overflowed. It flooded Hays (where Fort Hays State University is) in four feet of water. It flooded the Fort Hays State University campus. It caused people to move from the barracks (by families of the G.I. Bill) and dorms to the Stadium's third floor. The Stadium's third floor was still dry. Dr. Charles F. Wiest, Emeritus Professor of Philosophy and Religion, and his seven-year-old daughter died. They died when their home  with the weight of the water. He was saving important documents in his basement. All records at the college were ruined. No graduation was held on the appointed date of May 23. Graduates were mailed their diplomas a month later.

There were no warning sirens in Hays. Two police officers drove up and down the streets. They had their sirens on, and they shouted for people to evacuate. They are believed to haven saved many people's lives.

The worst starting damage by the flood crest was to Manhattan and Ft. Riley. Barracks at the fort were destroyed. In Manhattan, the downtown business district was under 8 feet (2.4 m) of water and 2 people died.  After this, Topeka and Lawrence were also damaged by the same crest. About 24,000 people were evacuated from Topeka.

## References
## Other websites
* NOAA Article on the 1951 Flood
* NOAA Report (PDF) on the 1951 flood with a comparison to the 1993 flood
* Access documents, photographs, and other primary sources on Kansas Memory, the Kansas State Historical Society's digital portal
* Article from Kansas State Board of Agriculture 1951/52 Biennial Report on the 1951 Flood
Rex Wood

**Rex Wood** (6 April 1906 – 1970) was a South Australian artist. He lived in Portugal for many years.

He was born in Laura, South Australia. 

Rex Wood studied painting at the South Australian School of Art under Mary Packer Harris (1891–1978). He became an art critic for The News in 1934 and held an exhibition in 1935. He had another exhibition in 1937, the evening before he left for England and the Continent.

He studied at the Anglo-French Art Centre at St Johns Wood and the Southampton Row School of Art. 
He spent much of the war years in Portugal. 

He visited Australia in the mid-1950s then went back to Portugal.He died in Estoril around 24 January 1970.

## References
Naval ship

]]

]]
A **naval ship** is a military ship (or sometimes boat, depending on classification) used by a navy.

## Types of ships
*Aircraft carrierships that are mobile seaborne airfields. They were designed for the purpose of doing combat by Carrier-based aircraft. They do attacks against airborne, surface, sub-surface and shore targets.
*Surface combatantbig, heavily armed surface ships. They are designed mostly to engage enemy forces on the high seas, including various types of battleship, battlecruiser, cruiser, destroyer,  frigate, and corvette.
*Submarineself-propelled sjips that go underwater. They can be combatant, auxiliary, or research and development vehicles which have at least a slight combat ability.
*Patrol combatantcombatants whose mission may extend beyond coastal duties and whose characteristics include adequate endurance and sea keeping providing a capability for operations exceeding 48 hours on the high seas without support.
*Amphibious warfareships having organic capability for amphibious assault and which have characteristics enabling long duration operations on the high seas.
*Combat logisticsships that have the capability to provide underway replenishment to fleet units.
*Mine warfareships whose primary function is mine warfare on the high seas.
*Coastal defenseships whose primary function is coastal patrol and interdiction.
*Sealiftships that have the capability to provide direct material support to other deployed units operating far from home base.
*Supportships, such as oilers, designed to operate in the open ocean in a variety of sea states to provide general support to either combatant forces or shore based establishments. (Includes smaller auxiliaries which, by the nature of their duties, leave inshore waters).
*Service type craftnavy-subordinated craft (including non-self-propelled) designed to provide general support to either combatant forces or shore-based establishments.

## Size
In weight (largest to smallest), modern naval ships are often put into different groups (called classes). The bigger ships in the list can also be classed as capital ships:
* Aircraft carrier
* Helicopter carrier
* Battleship
* Battlecruiser
* Heavy cruiser
* Light cruiser
* Destroyer
* Frigate
* Corvette
* Patrol boat
* Fast attack craft

## References
## Other websites
* 
* *
Dengir Mir Mehmet Fırat

**Dengir Mir Mehmet Fırat** (8 August 1943 &ndash; 11 July 2019) was a Kurdish politician. He was one of the founders of the Justice and Development Party (AKP) in 2001. He was a Member of Parliament for the Grand National Assembly from 1999 to 2011 and again from 2015 until his death. He was a member of the Peoples' Democratic Party (HDP).

Fırat was born in the district of Kahta in Adyaman. He died on 11 July 2019 from lung cancer in Istanbul at the age of 76.

## References
## Other websites
*Collection of all relevant news items at Radikal.com
*Collection of all relevant news items at Haberler.com
*Collection of all relevant news items at Hürriyet
Big League Chew

**Big League Chew** is an American brand of bubble gum. It is cut up and packaged in an aluminum foil pouch as a fun imitation of the tobacco-chewing often used by baseball players. It was created by Portland Mavericks left-handed pitcher Rob Nelson and bat boy Todd Field. The Wrigley Company, which makes many other types of chewing gum, bought the idea from Rob Nelson and Jim Bouton. 

Big League Chew was first sold in May 1980. Over 800 million pouches of Big League Chew have been sold.  It comes in bright colors such as neon green for their sour apple flavor and bright purple for their grape flavor.

## References
Swoyersville, Pennsylvania

**Swoyersville** is a borough in Luzerne County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 5,021 at the 2020 census.

## References
Walt Michaels

**Walter Edward Michaels** (October 16, 1929 &ndash; July 10, 2019) was a professional American football player and coach. He was best known for his six-year career as head coach of the NFL's New York Jets from 1977 to 1982. As a player, he played for the Green Bay Packers, Cleveland Browns and the New York Jets. Michaels was born in Swoyersville, Pennsylvania.

Michaels died on July 10, 2019 in Plains, Pennsylvania at the age of 89.

## References
Tongatapu

**Tongatapu** is an island in the Pacific Ocean. It is the main island for the Kingdom of Tonga. The capital Nuku'alofa is located on this island.

## References
She-Hulk

**She-Hulk** is a fictional character created by Stan Lee and John Buscema for Marvel Comics in 1980. She is a female version of the Hulk. 

## Fictional character biography 
She-Hulk is the alter ego of **Jennifer Walters**, Walters is the cousin of Bruce Banner / Hulk. She was injured in a shooting at her home. Banner found her but she has lost a large amount of blood because of the injury. She needed an emergency blood transfusion.   

## In other media 
She-Hulk was played by Tatiana Maslany in the Disney+ television show *She-Hulk: Attorney at Law*.
Jungkook

**Jeon Jung-kook** (born September 1, 1997) is a South Korean singer, dancer and rapper. He is also better known mononymously as **Jungkook**. He is known for being a member of the South Korean boy group BTS.

## Career 
### 2013-present: BTS 
On June 12, 2013, Jungkook released his first album as a member of BTS. Since their debut, Jungkook has been credited as the main producer for two of their songs: "Love is Not Over" and "Magic Shop".

## References
Richard and Mary Parker

**Richard and Mary Parker** are fictional characters appearing in Marvel Comics, commonly in *Spider-Man* stories. They first appeared in *The Amazing Spider-Man Annual* # 5 in 1968 created by Stan Lee and Larry Lieber. 

## Overview 
Richard Parker is the younger brother of Benjamin 'Uncle Ben' Parker, he is married to Mary Parker whose maiden name is Fitzpatrick and the father of Peter Parker / Spider-Man. Since the first issue Peter was raised by his Aunt May and Uncle Ben but it didn't explain where his parents were. In their first appearance in a flashback it is revealed that they were murdered by the supervillain Albert Malik also known as the Red Skull. In comics from the 1990's it is revealed that Richard Parker was recruited into the CIA by Nick Fury, that he was pretending to be a Russian double agent and that he and his wife were killed in a plane crash caused by sabotage. Harry Osborn later creates robots that look just like Richard and Mary to trick Peter Parker into thinking that his parents are still alive and then reveals that they are not to destroy him.

## In other media 
In Spider-Man the Animated Series, Richard and Mary were mentioned in the episode “ Six Forgotten Warriors”. They were believed to be Russian spies but Peter found the truth by sneaking into a Russian records building. They were actually American spies trying to figure out what the Russians were doing. Peter went into the building as Spider-Man but convinced Jonah to get him into Moscow via a possible report on Spider-Man being there. Unfortunately there was no more story beyond this as Peter told aunt may but the story ended without conclusion.

In the 2012 movie *The Amazing Spider-Man*, Dr. Richard Parker is a scientist who disappeared after he and his wife left their son Peter Parker with his Uncle Ben and Aunt May. He is also responsible for the creation of the genetically engineered superspider that bites Peter and gives him his powers.
Naval base

flotilla in Réunion: (from left) the patrol ship *Albatros*, frigate *Floréal*, P400 *La Rieuse* and *La Boudeuse*, Gendarmerie Navale's *Jonquille*, BATRAL *La Grandière* and the *Garonne*, behind an oiler, and the swift boat *Vétiver* (outside the water).]]

A **naval base**, **navy base**, or **military port** is a military base, where warships and naval ships are. The ships are there when they have no mission at sea or want to restock. Ships may also get some minor repairs. Some naval bases are temporary homes to aircraft. They usually stay on the ships but may have maintenance while the ship is in port.
Derby, Kansas

**Derby** is a city in Sedgwick County, Kansas, United States. It is the biggest suburb of Wichita. In 2020, 25,625 people lived there.

## Geography
Derby is at  (37.552407, -97.261492). The United States Census Bureau says that the city has a total area of . Of that,  is land and  is water.

### Climate
Derby has hot, humid summers and generally mild to cool winters. The Köppen Climate Classification system says that Derby has a humid subtropical climate. It is abbreviated "Cfa" on climate maps.

## People
Derby is part of the Wichita, KS Metropolitan Statistical Area.

### 2020 census
The 2020 census said that there were 25,625 people, 9,991 households, and 6,888 families living in Derby. Of the households, 67.3% owned their home and 32.7% rented their home.

The median age was 36.2 years. Of the people, 83.4% were White, 2.4% were Black, 1.9% were Asian, 0.9% were Native American, 0.1% were Pacific Islanders, 1.6% were from some other race, and 9.7% were two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 7.7% of the people.

### 2010 census
The 2010 census said that there were 22,158 people, 8,300 households, and 6,226 families living in Derby.

## References
## Other websites
* 
* Derby Chamber of Commerce
Great Bend, Kansas

**Great Bend** is a city in Barton County, Kansas, United States. It is also the county seat of Barton County. It is named for its location at the place where the Arkansas River bends east then southeast. In 2020, 14,733 people lived there. It is in central Kansas, and it is at the intersection of U.S. Route 281 and U.S. Route 56. Great Bend is  northwest of Wichita,  west-southwest of Kansas City, and  east-southeast of Denver.

The United States Census Bureau says that the city has a total area of . Of that,  is land and  is water.

## People
### 2020 census
In 2020, there were 14,733 people, 6,136 households, and 3,690 families living in Zurich. Of the households, 61.0% owned their home and 39.0% rented their home.

The median age was 38.6 years. Of the people, 77.3% were White, 1.5% were Black, 0.6% were Native American, 0.4% were Asian, 11.0% were from some other race, and 9.1% were two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 23.5% of the people.

## Education
### Primary and secondary education
Great Bend Public Schools (USD 428) has about 3,000 students. It runs eight schools in Great Bend:

* Washington Early Childhood Center (Grades Pre-K)
* Eisenhower Elementary School (K–6)
* Jefferson Elementary School (K–6)
* Lincoln Elementary School (K–6)

* Park Elementary School (K–6)
* Riley Elementary School (K–6)
* Great Bend Middle School (7–8)
* Great Bend High School (9–12)

### Colleges and universities
Barton Community College is a two-year community college. It is about three miles northeast of Great Bend.

## Media
The *Great Bend Tribune* is the city's daily newspaper. It makes over 6,200 copies.

## Parks and recreation
The city government's Park Department maintains 10 parks in Great Bend.

## Culture
### Sports
Greyhound racing started in the United States in the bottoms in 1886 during a formal coursing event.

## References
## Other websites
;City
* City of Great Bend
* Great Bend - Directory of Public Officials
* Great Bend Convention and Visitors Bureau
* Great Bend Chamber of Commerce
;Schools
* USD 428 , local school district
* Barton Community College
;Attractions
* Great Bend Zoo
* Cheyenne Bottoms Wildlife Area
;Historical
* Barton County Historical Museum
* , from ''Hatteberg's People'' on KAKE TV news
;Maps
* Great Bend City Map , KDOT
Red Hills (Kansas)

The **Red Hills** (also called **Gypsum Hills**) is a physiographic area. It is mostly in Clark, Comanche and Barber counties in southern and central Kansas. This land has a lot of red rock. It does not fit the normal description of the Great Plains land of Kansas.

## References
## Other websites
*Red Hills Focus Area-U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service 
*Gypsum Hills on Kansastravel.org
Crime in Kansas

This article refers to crime in the U.S. state of Kansas.

## Statistics
In 2008, there were 106,141 crimes reported in Kansas, including 113 murders.

## Capital punishment laws
Capital punishment is allowed in Kansas.

## References
Floresville, Texas

**Floresville** is a city in the U.S. state of Texas. It is the county seat of Wilson County.

## References
Falfurrias, Texas

**Falfurrias** ( ) is a city in and the county seat of Brooks County, Texas, United States. The population was 4,609 at the 2020 census.

## References 
## Other websites 
* City of Falfurrias official website
Gardner, Kansas

**Gardner** is a city in Johnson County, Kansas, United States. In 2020, 23,287 people there.

### Climate
Gardner has hot, humid summers and generally mild to cool winters. The Köppen Climate Classification system says that Gardner has a humid subtropical climate. It is abbreviated "Cfa" on climate maps.

## People
### 2020 census
The 2020 census says there were 23,287 people, 8,005 households, and 5,938 families living in Gardner. Of the households, 66.1% owned their home and 33.9% rented their home.

The median age was 32.6 years. Of the people, 79.2% were White, 3.9% were Black, 1.8% were Asian, 0.6% were Native American, 0.1% were Pacific Islanders, 3.6% were from some other race, and 10.8% were two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 10.2% of the people.

### 2010 census
The 2010 census says there were 19,123 people, 6,644 households, and 4,938 families living in Gardner.

## References
## Other websites
* City of Gardner 
* Gardner - Directory of Public Officials
* *The Gardner News* 
* Gardner City Map , KDOT
Pittsburg, Kansas

**Pittsburg** is a city in Crawford County, Kansas, United States.

## Geography
Pittsburg is at . The United States Census Bureau says that the city has a total area of . Of that,  is land and  is water. Pittsburg is in the Ozark Highlands region. That region is a mix of prairie and forests.

It is  west of Springfield, Missouri,  south of Kansas City, Missouri, and  northeast of Tulsa, Oklahoma.

## People
### 2020 census
The 2020 census says that there were 20,646 people, 8,268 households, and 4,123 families living in Pittsburg. Of the households, 42.3% owned their home and 57.7% rented their home.

The median age was 27.7 years. Of the people, 77.3% were White, 3.7% were Black, 1.8% were Asian, 1.1% were Native American, 0.8% were Pacific Islanders, 5.4% were from some other race, and 10.0% were two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 10.5% of the people.

### 2010 census
The 2010 census says that there were 20,233 people, 8,142 households, and 4,087 families living in Pittsburg.

## Government
The Pittsburg government has a mayor and four commissioners. The commission meets the 2nd and 4th Tuesday of each month at 5:30 pm.

## Media
The *Pittsburg Morning Sun* is the main newspaper in Pittsburg. It is published five days per week. In addition, Pittsburg State University publishes a weekly student newspaper, the *Collegio*.

## References
## Other websites
;City
* City of Pittsburg
* Pittsburg - Directory of Public Officials
* Pittsburg Area Chamber of Commerce
;Schools
* USD 250, local school district
;Historical
* 
* 
* 
;Maps
* Pittsburg City Map , KDOT
Winfield, Kansas

**Winfield** is a city and county seat of Cowley County, Kansas, United States.  It is on the Walnut River in South Central Kansas. In 2020 11,777 people lived there. It is the second biggest city in Cowley County.

## History
### 19th century
Winfield was created in 1870. It was named after Rev. Winfield Scott. He said he would build a church for the town if the people would name the city after him.  The first post office at Winfield was created in May 1870.

## Geography
Winfield is located  north of the Kansas-Oklahoma state border. It is at the junction of U.S. Routes 77 and 160. The United States Census Bureau says that the city has a total area of . Of that,  is land and  is water.

## People
### 2020 census
The 2020 census says there were 11,777 people, 4,532 households, and 2,653 families living in Winfield. Of the households, 57.4% owned their home and 42.6% rented their home.

The median age was 38.3 years. Of the people, 80.3% were White, 4.1% were Black, 3.5% were Asian, 1.5% were Native American, 0.7% were Pacific Islanders, 2.4% were from some other race, and 7.5% were two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 7.8% of the people.

### 2010 census
The 2010 census says there were 12,301 people, 4,600 households, and 2,848 families living in Winfield.

## References
## Other websites
* 
* Winfield City Map , KDOT
Lansing, Kansas

**Lansing** is a city in Leavenworth County, Kansas, United States. It is on the west side of the Missouri River and Kansas-Missouri state border. In 2020, 11,239 people lived there.

## Geography
Lansing is at  (39.242592, -94.89632). The city is on the western bank of the Missouri River. The river also creates the Kansas-Missouri state border. It is bordered by the city of Leavenworth to the north; Kansas City is less than a half-hour to the southeast. U.S. Route 73 goes through the city.

The United States Census Bureau says that the city has a total area of . Of that,  is land and  is water.ref name="CenPopGazetteer2020"/>

## People
 is a Kansas State prison in Lansing]]

### 2020 census
The 2020 census says there were 11,239 people, 3,432 households, and 2,566 families living in Lansing. Of the households, 72.4% owned their home and 27.6% rented their home.

The median age was 38.9 years. Of the people, 75.5% were White, 11.3% were Black, 1.6% were Asian, 0.7% were Native American, 0.2% were Pacific Islanders, 1.8% were from some other race, and 8.8% were two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 7.2% of the people.

### 2010 census
The 2010 census says there were 11,265 people, 3,180 households, and 2,496 families living in Lansing.

## Education
Lansing Unified School District (USD 469), with four schools, has more than 2,000 students.
* Lansing Elementary School, grades K–3
* Lansing Intermediate School, grades 4–5
* Lansing Middle School, grades 6–8
* Lansing High School, grades 9–12

## References
## Other websitess
;City
* City of Lansing
* 
* 
;Maps
* Lansing City Map , KDOT
Haysville, Kansas

**Haysville** is a city in Sedgwick County, Kansas, United States. It is a suburb of Wichita. In 2020, 11,262 people lived there.  Haysville is known as the "Peach Capital of Kansas".

## Geography
Haysville is at  (37.566059, -97.353513). The United States Census Bureau says that the city has a total area of . Of that,  is land and  is water.

## People
Haysville is part of the Wichita, KS Metropolitan Statistical Area.

### 2020 census
The 2020 census says that there were 11,262 people, 4,133 households, and 2,988 families living in Haysville. Of the households, 69.8% owned their home and 30.2% rented their home.

The median age was 34.8 years. Of the people, 84.6% were White, 1.5% were Native American, 1.4% were Asian, 1.0% were Black, 0.1% were Pacific Islanders, 1.7% were from some other race, and 9.7% were two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 7.5% of the people.

### 2010 census
The 2010 census says that there were 10,826 people, 3,857 households, and 2,932 families living in Haysville.

## Government
The Haysville government has a mayor and eight council members.  The council meets the 2nd and 4th Monday of each month at 7PM.
* City Hall, 200 W Grand.

## References
## Other websites
;City
* City of Haysville
* Haysville - Directory of Public Officials
* Haysville Community Online
;Schools
* USD 261, local school district
* USD 261 School District Boundary Map , KDOT
;Events
* Haysville Fall Festival
;Maps
* Haysville City Map , KDOT
Rif Dimashq Governorate

**Rif Dimashq Governorate** ( '''', literally, the "Governorate of the Countryside of Damascus", Damascus Suburb) is one of the fourteen governorates (provinces) of Syria. It is in the southwestern part of the country. It borders the governorates of Quneitra, Daraa and al-Suwayda (comprising the historic Hauran region) in the southwest, Homs in the north, Lebanon in the west and Jordan in the south. The capital is the city of Douma.

The Governorate completely surrounds the city-governorate of Damascus and it has an area of 18,032&nbsp;km² and a population of 2,273,074 (2004 census).

## Districts 
The governorate is divided into ten districts ( ; manatiq). There were nine district until February 2009, when Qudsaya District was created from parts of Markaz Rif Dimashq and Al-Zabadani districts. The districts are further divided into 37 sub-districts.There is a small village belonging to the Damascus countryside (Ghouta) called Aqraba, which is characterized by its fields and agricultural orchards.  ( ;nawahi).

## References
Damascus Governorate

**Damascus Governorate** ( '''') is one of the fourteen governorates (provinces) of Syria. Completely surrounded by the Rif Dimashq Governorate, it consists only of the city of Damascus, the capital of Syria, and the suburb of Yarmouk Camp.

The governorate's area is around 107 km2, encompassing the area of the city of Damascus and the Yarmouk Camp, while the population is around 1,711,000.

## Geography 
Damascus occupies a strategic location on a plateau which rises 680 m (2,230&nbsp;ft) above sea level and about 80&nbsp;km (50&nbsp;mi) inland from the Mediterranean, sheltered by the Anti-Lebanon mountains, supplied with water by the Barada River. The Anti-Lebanon mountains which mark the border between Syria and Lebanon, bock precipitation from the Mediterranean sea, so that the region of Damascus is sometimes subject to droughts. However, in ancient times this was mitigated by the Barada River, which originates from mountain streams fed by melting snow. Damascus is surrounded by the Ghouta, an irrigated farmland where many vegetables, cereals, and fruits have been farmed since ancient times.

The governorate occupies an area of 107 km2, 79 km2 of which is urban (77 in Damascus, 2 in Yarmouk Camp) while the rest is occupied by Mount Qasioun which overlooks the city.

## Climate 
Damascus has a cold desert climate (*BWk*) in Köppen-Geiger system, due to the rain shadow effect of the Anti-Lebanon mountains and the prevailing ocean currents. Summers are dry and hot with less humidity. Winters are cool and somewhat rainy; snowfall is infrequent. Annual rainfall is around , occurring from October to May.

## References
M. J. Radhakrishnan

**M. J. Radhakrishnan** (1957/1958 – 12 July 2019) was an Indian cinematographer. He worked in Malayalam movies. He was born in Punalur, Kollam. His best known works included *Deshadanam*, *Karunam* and *Naalu Pennungal*. 

Radhakrishnan died on 12 July 2019 from cardiac arrest at a hospital in Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala at the age of 61.

## References
Claudio Naranjo

**Claudio Benjamín Naranjo Cohen** (24 November 1932 – 12 July 2019) was a Chilean-born American psychiatrist and writer. He was known as an important person in integrating psychotherapy and the spiritual traditions. He was known as the co-creator of the Enneagram of Personality theories and a founder of the Seekers After Truth Institute. 

Naranjo died on 12 July 2019 at his home in Berkeley, California at the age of 86.

## References
## Other websites
* Fundación Claudio Naranjo
* Claudio Naranjo's personal website
* Claudio Naranjo by Ginger Lapid-Bogda
Des Coleman

**Desune Franklin "Des" Coleman** (born 14 March 1969) is a British actor, singer
and weather presenter. He is known for his role of Lenny Wallace in BBC's *EastEnders*. In 2007 and a standby weather presenter for Laura Tobin on the ITV breakfast programme *Good Morning Britain*. He became the weatherman for BBC's *East Midlands Today* but was fired in 2011. In 2016, he joined ITV Central's *ITV News Central* as the weather presenter.

Coleman spent time in prison in his twenties. While at acting school, Coleman was diagnosed with a form of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. He is in remission.

In November 2018, Coleman was rushed to hospital after a collapse due to hemorrhage in the bowels. He underwent surgery to remove tumors in his bowel and spent two days on life-support. He made a recovery three months later in February 2019.

## References
## Other websites
*
*Ratpack singer's weather calling
Astrid North

**Astrid North** (born **Astrid Karina North Radmann**; 24 August 1973 – 25 June 2019) was a German soul singer and songwriter. She was the singer of the German band . She released five albums with them. She was also a guest singer of the band  for which she published three albums. North was born in Berlin.

North died on 25 June 2019 from pancreatic cancer in Berlin, aged 45.

## References
## Other websites
* 
* 
* 
* 
*
Rumen Surdzhiyski

**Rumen Ivanov Surdzhiyski** (Bulgarian: *Ру́мен Ивано́в Сурджийски*; 24 September 1943 &ndash; 11 July 2019) was a Bulgarian movie director and screenwriter. His career began in 1968. He was born in Glozhene, Vratsa Province, Bulgaria. Surdzhiyski was known for his movies *Swan* (1976), *Snapshots as Souvenirs* (1979) and *Place Under the Sun* (1986).

Surdzhiyski died on 11 July 2019 in Sofia at the age of 75.

## Notes
## Other websites
* 
* National Academy for Theater and Film Arts (NATFA) “Krastyo Sarafov”
* Dobrich Drama Theatre "Yordan Yovkov"
Thousand Palms, California

**Thousand Palms** is a census-designated place (CDP) in the Coachella Valley of Riverside County, California, United States. The population was 7,967 at the 2020 census. Thousand Palms is located at .

## References
Hodan Nalayeh

**Hodan Nalayeh** (; ;  1976 &ndash; July 12, 2019) was a Somali-Canadian media executive, marketing consultant, social activist and businesswoman. She was the President of the Cultural Integration Agency and the Vice President of Sales & Programming Development of Cameraworks Productions International. She was also a television producer who worked on *American Idol* and *So You Think You Can Dance*. She was born in Las Anod, Somalia.

She lived in Toronto, Ontario. Nalayeh and her husband Farid were killed during a terrorist attack at Hotel Asasey in Kismayo, Somalia, on July 12, 2019.

## References
## Other websites
*International Award-Winning, Cameraworks Productions, Introduces VP, Sales & Programming Development - Hodan Nalayeh
Plains, Pennsylvania

**Plains** is a census-designated place (CDP) in Plains Township, Luzerne County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population of the CDP was 4,293 at the 2020 census, out of 9,808 in the entire township.

## References
Lackawanna County, Pennsylvania

**Lackawanna County** is a county in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania. As of the 2020 census, the population was 215,896. Its county seat and largest city is Scranton.

## References
Joseph Edward Kurtz

**Joseph Edward Kurtz** (born August 18, 1946) is an American prelate of the Roman Catholic Church. He is the fourth and current Archbishop of Louisville, Kentucky since 2007. He was the Bishop of Knoxville, Tennessee from 1999 to 2007. Kurtz also was the President of the United States Conference of Catholic Bishops between 2013 and 2016.

Kurtz was born in Mahanoy City, Pennsylvania. He was raised in Scranton, Pennsylvania. In July 2019, Kurtz was diagnosed with a form of bladder cancer.

## References
## Other websites
*Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Louisville Official Site
2003 ICC Men's Cricket World Cup

The '''2003 ICC Men's Cricket World Cup''' was the eighth edition of the tournament. It was the first World Cup held in Africa, co-hosted by South Africa, Zimbabwe, and Kenya. Australia won the tournament for the third time, defeating India in the final.

## Other websites
* Cricket World Cup 2003 at BBC Sport
* Cricket World Cup 2003 at ESPN Cricinfo
* Cricket World Cup 2003 at Guardian.co.uk Sport
Dieter Enders

**Dieter Enders** (17 March 1946 – 29 June 2019) was a German organic chemist. He was known for his work creating asymmetric synthesis, such as using modified prolines as asymmetric auxiliaries. He was born in Butzbach, Hesse. Enders worked at RWTH Aachen University in Aachen, North Rhine-Westphalia.

Enders died on 29 June 2019 in Aachen at the age of 73.

## References
## Other websites
* Dieter Enders Home Page 
* Curriculum Vitae Prof. Dr. Dieter Enders
Mahanoy City, Pennsylvania

**Mahanoy City** (pronounced MAHA-noy) is a borough located  southwest of Wilkes-Barre and 13 miles southwest of Hazleton. It is located entirely within but is not part of Mahanoy Township. As of the 2020 census, the population was 3,499.

## References
Social gadfly

A **social gadfly** is a term for people who like to upset the status quo by asking upsetting or original questions. A gadfly tries to stimulate innovation by annoying others. 

This word was coined by Socrates.
Asasey hotel attack

On 12 July 2019, al-Shabaab militants launched an attack on the Asasey hotel in Kismayo, Somalia. 

Two notable journalists were killed in the attack including a Somali Canadian, Hodan Nalayeh. Three Kenyans, three Tanzanians, two Americans and a Briton were also killed in the attack.

## References
Georgian Bay Islands National Park

**Georgian Bay Islands National Park** () is a national park in Simcoe County, Ontario, Canada. The park is made up of 63 different small islands and parts of islands in Georgian Bay near Port Severn, Ontario. The largest island in the park is Beausoleil Island.

## Other websites
*
Chandrayaan-2

**Chandrayaan-2,** meaning Lunar Craft or Moon Craft, ( ) is India's second moon mission after Chandrayaan-1. Made by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO), the mission was launched from the second launch pad at Satish Dhawan Space Centre on 22 July 2019 at 2:43&nbsp;PM IST (09:13 UTC) to the Moon by a Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle Mark III (GSLV Mk III). A proper landing on the lunar south pole would make India the 4th country to achieve a soft landing on the Moon, after the space agencies of the USA, USSR, and China. The mission landing was expected on 7 September 2019 at 01:55&nbsp;AM IST (6 September 2019, 20:25 UTC)  ISRO would be in charge of the orbiter and rover, while Roscosmos was to build the lander.  The design of the spacecraft was completed in August 2009, with scientists of both countries conducting a joint review.

Although ISRO finalised the payload for Chandrayaan-2 on schedule, the mission was moved to 2016 because Russia was unable to build the lander on time. When Russia decided it would not be able to build a lander by 2015, India decided to develop the lunar mission on its own.

The spacecraft's launch had been scheduled for March 2018, but was delayed. Two of the lander's legs got minor damage during one of the tests in February 2019, making the launch date even later.

## Goals 
The main goals of Chandrayaan-2 are to demonstrate the ability to soft-land on the lunar surface and operate a robotic rover on the surface. Studies of lunar topography,mineralogy, elemental abundance, the lunar exosphere, and signatures of hydroxyl and water ice are the scientific goals. The orbiter will survey the lunar surface and help to prepare 3D maps of it. The onboard radar will also survey the surface while studying the water ice in the lunar south pole and thickness of the Lunar soil on the surface.

## References
Kanchi Natarajan Gandhi

**Kanchi Natarajan Gandhi** (born 1948) is a botanist and curator.

This author is usually abbreviated «Gandhi» when citing a botanical name.

## Taxa named by Gandhi
File:Sophora_secundiflora_flower.jpg|he christianized frijolito as Dermatophyllum
Piptochaetium fuscum Barworth, Cialdella et Gandhi
Cisco Systems

**Cisco Systems, Inc.** is an American multinational technology conglomerate headquartered in San Jose, California, in the center of Silicon Valley. Cisco develops, manufactures and sells networking hardware, telecommunications equipment and other high-technology services and products. Through its numerous acquired subsidiaries, such as OpenDNS, WebEx, Jabber and Jasper, Cisco specializes into specific tech markets, such as Internet of Things (IoT), domain security and energy management.

Cisco stock was added to the Dow Jones Industrial Average on June 8, 2009, and is also included in the S&P 500 Index, the Russell 1000 Index, NASDAQ-100 Index and the Russell 1000 Growth Stock Index.

Cisco Systems was founded in December 1984 by Leonard Bosack and Sandy Lerner, two Stanford University computer scientists. They pioneered the concept of a local area network (LAN) being used to connect geographically disparate computers over a multiprotocol router system. By the time the company went public in 1990, Cisco had a market capitalization of $224 million. By the end of the dot-com bubble in the year 2000, Cisco had a more than $500 billion market capitalization.

## References
SkyTeam Cargo

**SkyTeam Cargo** is a global cargo alliance in which all members are also members of the SkyTeam airline alliance. SkyTeam Cargo is the largest cargo alliance, it competes with the WOW Alliance.

Following the founding of the SkyTeam on 22 June 2000, the creation of its cargo division, *SkyTeam Cargo*, was announced in September that year. The alliance's inaugural members were Aeroméxico Cargo, Air France Cargo, Delta Air Logistics, and Korean Air Cargo, whose passenger airline operations are members of SkyTeam.

## Members
## References
## Other websites
*Official website of SkyTeam
2019 Audi Cup

The **2019 Audi Cup** (the sixth edition of the Audi Cup) will be a two-day football tournament in Munich, Germany. The participating teams are Bayern Munich, Real Madrid, Tottenham Hotspur, and Fenerbahçe.

## References
Time in India

The Republic of India uses one time zone, which is Indian Standard Time (IST). This is 5:30 hours ahead of Coordinated Universal Time. India does not observe Daylight Saving Time (DST).

## Other time zones 
* Bombay Time (UTC+04:51)
* Madras Time (UTC+05:21)
* Calcutta Time (UTC+05:54)
* Chaibagaan Time (UTC+06:30)

## Related pages 
* Daylight Saving Time
Eurovision Song Contest 2020

The **Eurovision Song Contest 2020** was a cancelled singing competition that was to be held in The Netherlands, after Duncan Laurence won the Eurovision Song Contest 2019 with the song ”Arcade”. 
## Cancellation
On 18 March 2020, it was announced that the contest would be cancelled due to the 2019–20 coronavirus pandemic in Europe. It's the first in the history of the contest to be cancelled.

After the show was cancelled, the European Broadcasting Union organised a replacement show called Eurovision: Europe Shine a Light, to show the selected entries in place of the Grand Final on 16 May. Rotterdam remained as the host city of the next year's contest.

## Planned contestants 
Due to the rules of the Contest, the entries from the cancelled 2020 Contest were not allowed to participate in the Eurovision Song Contest 2021. However, many of the original artists returned with new songs while others were replaced.

## References
## Other websites
*
Sunninghill Park

**Sunninghill Park** was a country house and estate of about  directly north of Cheapside. 

The early 19th-century house burned down in 1947. A replacement was built on the grounds during the final years of the 1980s to be the official residence of the Duke of York from 1990 until 2004. It was sold in 2007. The house fell into disrepair and was demolished in 2016. The first significant house was built on the estate in the late Georgian period in the early 19th century, being a stucco building of two stories with later additions.

It served as the headquarters of the American Ninth Air Force from November 1943 to September 1944. The Crown Estate Commissioners purchased the property from Philip Hill in 1945. The main house was to be occupied by Princess Elizabeth (later Queen Elizabeth II) and her future husband, Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, after their wedding in November 1947. However, the house burned down on 30 August 1947 before their wedding, so they rented Windlesham Moor instead. In the mid-1960s, the site was considered for a new home for Princess Margaret.

## Second house 
In 1986, the walled garden of  was purchased from the Crown Estate Commissioners on behalf of Queen Elizabeth II. Construction began on a two-storey red brick house the following year, for it to be the home of the Duke and Duchess of York. It was completed in 1990.

Following the death of Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother in 2002, it was announced that the Duke of York would be given her former home Royal Lodge in Windsor instead. The Duke of York and his former wife shared the family's home until 2004, when he moved to the Royal Lodge. He refurbished the Lodge and took out a mortgage on Sunninghill Park to pay for it. The Duchess of York moved out in 2006. 

The house fell into an increasing state of disrepair. By 2009, it had "doors hanging open, weeds sprouting through the terrace paving, windows broken, grass growing through the cover over the empty swimming pool, peeling paintwork and a general air of dereliction." In July 2009, Bracknell Forest Borough Council thought about seizing the property under the Housing Act 2004 and using it as a homeless shelter, following several reported break-ins. In 2013 the owner was granted planning permission to demolish it and replace it with a larger house, and in 2014, photos showed the former royal home appeared to be seriously dilapidated. Demolition was temporarily halted when more than 100 bats were found roosting under its roof, but it eventually was demolished.

## References 
## Other websites 
*Pathé film of the first house after it was destroyed by fire
Brian Giles

**Brian Stephen Giles** (JAYH-ulz; born January 20, 1971) is a former Major League Baseball outfielder. During his career he played for the Cleveland Indians, Pittsburgh Pirates and San Diego Padres. The left-handed Giles was a two-time All-Star and had a career line of .291/.400/.502 with 287 home runs, 411 doubles, 1,078 runs batted in (RBI), and 1,183 walks in 1,847 games.  Although a bit suspect with the glove, Giles was a do-it-all batter at the plate, posting one of the highest OPS of all-time.  During his prime, Giles carried a stagnant Pittsburgh Pirates offense as the main batting prowess outside of Aramis Ramírez in the lineup and posted an OPS over 1.  He received MVP votes every year during this time.

Giles was known for his unique, low-crouched batting stance at the plate, similar to Jeff Bagwell.

His younger brother, Marcus Giles, is a former Major League infielder who was most notable for playing with the Atlanta Braves organization.
Jason Kendall

**Jason Daniel Kendall** (born June 26, 1974) is an American former professional baseball catcher. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) from 1996 through 2010 for the Pittsburgh Pirates, Oakland Athletics, Chicago Cubs, Milwaukee Brewers, and Kansas City Royals. He is the son of former catcher Fred Kendall, who played in the majors from 1969–1980.  Not known for his batting abilities and lacking in power, Kendall was a great defensive catcher.
Tracy Edwards

**Tracy Edwards** is a sailboat racer. In 1989 she organized an 12-woman crew to participate in the *Whitbread Round the World Race*. It was rare for women to sail in those days. The duration of this race was nine months.

A documentary called *Maiden* was made about the race.

## References
Oak Hill Cemetery (Lawrence, Kansas)

The **Oak Hill Cemetery** is a cemetery in Lawrence, Kansas. It was first created as a way for the people of Lawrence to remember those who were killed in Quantrill's Raid. Some famous  people from Kansas are buried there. They include Charles L. Robinson, John P. Usher, and James H. Lane. It was built in 1866.

## References
Adriano Andreani

**Adriano Andreani** (14 September 1879 &ndash; 20 October 1960) was an Italian gymnast. He competed in the men's team event at the 1908 Summer Olympics.

## References
## Other websites
* 
* 
*
William Bonin

**William George Bonin** (8 January 1947-23 February, 1996) also known as **The Freeway Killer** and **Mr. Ugly** was an American serial killer. He raped, tortured, and killed of at least 21 children and young people in 1979 and 1980 in Southern California. Bonin is also suspected of 15 more murders. Described by the prosecutor in his first trial as "the most diabolical person that ever existed," Bonin was convicted of 14 murders in two separate trials in 1982 and 1983. He was executed by lethal injection in San Quentin State Prison on February 23, 1996.

## References
Manu Ginóbili

**Emanuel David Ginóbili** (born 28 July 1977) is an Argentine retired professional basketball player. Over a 23-season professional career, he became one of only two players to have won a EuroLeague title, an NBA championship, and an Olympic gold medal. A four-time NBA champion, Ginóbili was a member of the San Antonio Spurs for his entire NBA career. Along with Spurs teammates Tim Duncan and Tony Parker, he was known as one of the "Big Three".

Ginóbili comes from a family of professional basketball players. He spent the early part of his career in Argentina and Italy, where he holds dual citizenship, and won several individual and team honors. His stint with Italian club Kinder Bologna was particularly successful; he won two Italian League MVP awards, the EuroLeague Finals MVP and the 2001 EuroLeague championship and Triple Crown. Selected as the 57th overall pick in the 1999 NBA draft, Ginóbili joined the Spurs in 2002, and soon became a key player for the team. In addition to his four NBA championships, Ginóbili was named an All-Star in 2005 and 2011, and has been selected twice for the All-NBA Team. In 2007–08, he was named the NBA Sixth Man of the Year. Ginóbili announced his retirement on 27 August 2018.
Benito Santiago

**Benito Santiago Rivera** (born March 9, 1965) is a Puerto Rican former professional baseball catcher, who played for twenty seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB).  In the late 1980s and early 1990s, Santiago was considered the premier catcher in the National League (NL).  Santiago was not a great batter and showed little pop at the plate, but he is considered one of the greatest defensive catchers of all time.  As a veteran catcher, he was known for his patience with helping rookie pitchers adapt to the new challenges posed by the major leagues.
Escort agency

An **escort agency** is a company that provides escorts for clients, usually for sexual services. Individual girls who provide this kind of service are known as call girls. The practice is close to being prostitution.

There are escort agencies which provide escorts for occasions or for a visit to an event. This is a more legitimate service. Such agencies provide security, especially for females attending an event.

## References
Sonic Team

often abbreviated as **Sega CS2 R&D** and known as  is a video game development division of the Japanese company Sega. Sonic Team is best known for the *Sonic the Hedgehog* series. They are also known for making games such as *Nights into Dreams* and *Phantasy Star Online*.

Sonic Team is a Japanese video game development division of Sega. The initial team was composed of developers from Sega's Consumer Development division, including programmer Yuji Naka, artist Naoto Ohshima, and level designer Hirokazu Yasuhara.
## Notes