open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Central Hindi Directorate

The **Central Hindi Directorate** (, Kendriya Hindi Nideshalaya) is the highest authority on the Hindi language. It is based in New Delhi, India. It is organised under India's Ministry of Human Resource Development.

## Other websites 
*
Russian Language Institute

The **V.V. Vinogradov Russian Language Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences** () is the highest authority on the Russian language. It is in Moscow, Russia. It was established in 1944 as a part of the Russian Academy of Sciences.

## Other websites 
* Russian Language Institute 
* *Not to be confused with* Pushkin State Russian Language Institute
Chinese Academy of Sciences

The **Chinese Academy of Sciences** (**CAS**, formerly: **Academia Sinica**) is the supreme institution for all the natural science organisations in China. The academy was established in 1949 in Beijing.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Official website
Australian Academy of Science

The **Australian Academy of Science** is the highest institution for sciences in Australia. It was established in 1954. The academy is based in Canberra in the Shine Dome building beside the Australian National University campus.

The academy is modelled after the Royal Society and operates under a Royal Charter. It is independent from the government. The purpose of the academy is to promote science and science education in Australia.

## References 
## Other websites 
*Australian Academy of Science
*Australian Academy of Science Building
Jerome

**Jerome** (; ; ;  – 30 September 420), was a Christian priest, theologian and historian. He lived in the Roman Empire. He is best known for translating the Bible into Latin (the Vulgate). He is recognised as a saint by the Catholic Church, the Eastern Orthodox Church, the Lutheran Church, and the Church of England (Anglican Communion).

## References
## Other websites
*Saint Jerome at the Catholic Encyclopedia
Association of Spanish Language Academies

The **Association of Spanish Language Academies** () is the highest institution of the Spanish language. It works in all countries that speak Spanish. It was established in 1951 in Mexico. The Association of Spanish Language Academies is headquartered in Madrid, Spain. It also has 22 other member organizations located in 21 other countries.

;List of member countries

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## Other websites
*
Great Smoky Mountains National Park

**Great Smoky Mountains National Park**  is a national park in Tennessee and North Carolina in the United States. It is also a UNESCO World Heritage Site.  The park is along the Great Smoky Mountains, which are part of the Blue Ridge Mountains. It is connected to Shenandoah National Park in Virginia by the Blue Ridge Parkway. It is the most visited national park in the United States.

There are many elevations in the park. The lowest place is Abrams Creek at .  The highest point is Kuwohi at . Sixteen mountains in the park reach higher than 6,000 feet (1829 m).

Park officials say there are more than 200 species of birds, 66 species of mammals, 50 species of fish, 39 species of reptiles, and 43 species of amphibians, including many lungless salamanders. The park has about 1,500 black bear  In 2001 elk were brought to the park.

Over 100 species of trees grow in the park. The lower forests are mostly deciduous leafy trees. At higher altitudes, there are more coniferous trees. The park has over 1,400 flowering plant species and over 4,000 species of non-flowering plants.

There are 850 miles (1,368&nbsp;km) of trails and unpaved roads in the park for hiking. The park also offers backpacking and camping.

## References
Sylvie and Bruno

***Sylvie and Bruno*** is a novel by Lewis Carroll. It was published in 1889 by Macmillan. Its companion novel ***Sylvie and Bruno Concluded*** was published in 1893 by Macmillan. The first volume is set in the real world, but the second volume is set in fairyland. The books were not so well received as the *Alice* books.

## Related pages 
**Alice in Wonderland*
**Through the Looking-Glass*
The History of Little Goody Two-Shoes

***The History of Little Goody Two-Shoes*** is a children's book. It was published in London in 1765 by John Newbery.  The story is about a poor orphan girl who has only one shoe. A rich man gives her a pair of shoes. She is then known as Goody Two Shoes. She becomes a teacher and marries a rich widower. The name 'Goody Two Shoes' has come to mean anyone who is virtuous. It is not known who wrote the book. Some say Oliver Goldsmith, some say John Newbery himself.

## Other websites
* Text of an 1881 reprint of the original version on Project Gutenberg
* Image of an 1787 Edition
* 18th Century Children's Book Collections at the British Museum 
* 1888 chromolithographed pictorial edition at the Internet Archive
Anniversary

, celebrating the 100th anniversary of the modern Olympic Games.]]

An **anniversary** is a day on which people remember or celebrate an event that happened on the same date in a past year. The most common example is a birthday, where the birth of a person is celebrated every year on the month and day of which they were born. The first *anniversary* of something is celebrated exactly one year after the initial event occurred. The word was first used for Catholic feasts to commemorate saints.

Other examples of common anniversaries are those of weddings and deaths. Having anniversaries for sad incidents can be for remembering someone special, like a famous person that touched many peoples lives or to remember a tragic incident, so that it does not happen again. Most countries around the world celebrate national anniversaries. These could be the date of independence of the nation or the adoption of a new constitution, or the coronation of a monarch.

There are different Latin names used for anniversaries depending on the number of years that has passed since the initial event. For example, '** means that two years has passed, **' means that ten years has passed, and *centennial* means that 100 years has passed. For example, many countries have held a big celebration in the 100th anniversary of their country.

## Related pages
* Diamond Jubilee

## References
## Other websites
# Happy Anniversary memes
Magna Graecia

and regions of ancient Italy and Sicily

]]
**Magna Graecia** is a name for coastal areas of Southern Italy on the Gulf of Taranto.  This part of Italy had many Greek settlers.  Magna Graecia is Latin and means "Great Greece".

The settlers began arriving in the 8th century BC.  After the Pyrrhic War in the 3rd century BC the area was added into the Roman Republic.
Through the Looking-Glass

***Through the Looking-Glass, and What Alice Found There*** is a children's novel by Lewis Carroll. John Tenniel drew the pictures. The book was published by Macmillan in 1871. It is a sequel to ''Alice's Adventures in Wonderland''.

The book is a series of dream-like fantasy episodes. The theme which ties them together is Alice's journey as a pawn from the start of a fantasy game of chess until she reaches the eighth rank and becomes a queen.

The story is about the strange world Alice discovers when she passes through a looking-glass (mirror) above a fireplace at home. The setting is a game of chess. Well known characters from the book include Tweedledum and Tweedledee, the Walrus and the Carpenter, the White Knight, and the Garden of Live Flowers.

Alice meets the White Queen, who is very absent-minded but boasts of her ability to remember future events. Alice and the White Queen advance into the chessboard's fifth rank by crossing over a stream together. At the moment of the crossing, the Queen transforms into a talking Sheep in a small shop. Alice soon finds herself struggling to handle the oars of a small rowboat, where the Sheep annoys her with (seemingly) nonsensical shouting about "crabs" and "feathers". Unknown to Alice, these are standard terms in the jargon of rowing. Thus (for a change) the Queen/Sheep was speaking in a perfectly logical and meaningful way.

The book has several famous nonsense poems, such as *Jabberwocky* and *The Walrus and the Carpenter*. and many examples of word play such as puns and made-up words, in addition to portmanteau words.
Psychological abuse

**Psychological abuse** may also be called psychological violence, emotional abuse or mental abuse. 

It is when a person puts another person under abuse which may result in psychological trauma. The abuse may result in anxiety, chronic depression, or post-traumatic stress disorder.  This kind of behaviour is an extreme kind of bullying.

This abuse happens most often when one person has power over another. 
It may result in narcissism, depression, anxiety, and other disorders.

The term does not mean physical abuse. The most common thing to happen is verbal abuse including sexual harassment. Blaming, shaming, and name calling are signs of verbal abuse which can affect a victim emotionally. 

## References
Morelia

**Morelia** is a city and municipality in north central Michoacán in central Mexico. The city is in the Guayangareo Valley and is the capital of the state.

## References
Wine (bishop)

**Wine** or **Wini** (died before 672) was a 7th century Bishop. He was the first Bishop of Winchester. He later became the Bishop of London.

## Bishop of Winchester 
Wine had been ordained in Gaul. In Wessex King Cenwalh of Wessex had grown tired of his current bishop, Agilbert, who apparently did not speak the Anglo-Saxon language. Wine did speak Anglo-Saxon and was invited by Cenwalh to come to Wessex. Cenwalh built a new church at Winchester; dividing his kingdom into two dioceses. Agribert took offense at not being consulted and returned to Gaul. As no successor had yet been appointed, Chad went to Bishop Wine in Wessex to be consecrated. Wine was the only consecrated Bishop in England at the time recognized by the Church at Rome. Wine remained the Bishop of London until his death.

## Notes 
## References
As-Suwayda

**As-Suwayda** ( / ALA-LC: *as-Suwaydā’*), also spelled ***Sweida***, is a city in southern Syria. Its people mainly follow Druzism. It is the capital of Muhafazat as-Suwayda', one of Syria's 14 governorates. It is located close to the border with Jordan.

## References
Ar-Raqqah

**Ar-Raqqah** ( / ALA-LC: *ar-Raqqah*), also spelled ***Rakka***, is a city in north central Syria. It is the capital of the Ar-Raqqah Governorate. It was previously the capital of the Islamic State terrorist organisation from 2014 to 2017.

## References
Al Mahwit Governorate

**Al Mahwit** ( '''') is one of the governorates of Yemen.

## Districts
*Al Khabt District
*Al Mahwait District
*Al Mahwait City District
*Ar Rujum District
*At Tawilah District
*Bani Sa'd District
*Hufash District
*Milhan District
*Shibam Kawkaban District

## References
'Amran Governorate

'**Amran** ( '''') is a governorate of Yemen.

## Districts 
* Al Ashah District
* Al Madan District
* Al Qaflah District
* Amran District
* As Sawd District
* As Sudah District
* Bani Suraim District
* Dhi Bin District
* Habur Zulaymah District
* Harf Sufyan District
* Huth District
* Iyal Surayh District
* Jabal Iyal Yazid District
* Khamir District
* Kharif District
* Maswar District
* Raydah District
* Shaharah District
* Suwayr District
* Thula District

## References
San Luis Potosí City

**San Luis Potosí**, commonly called **S.L.P** or simply **San Luis**, is the capital and largest city of San Luis Potosí, Mexico. The city lies at an elevation of . It has a population of 735,886 inhabitants.
Raymah Governorate

**Raymah** ( '''') is a governorate of Yemen. It was established in January 2004.

## Districts
*Al Jabin District
*Al Jafariyah District
*As Salafiyah District
*Bilad At Ta'am District
*Kusmah District
*Mazhar District

## References
Zulia

**Zulia** () is one of the 23 states of Venezuela.  The state capital is Maracaibo.

## Municipalities and municipal seats
Zulia is divided into 21 municipalities (*municipios*):
Maracaibo

**Maracaibo** is a city in northwestern Venezuela. It is the second-largest city in the country and the capital of Zulia State. The population of the city is approximately 1,495,200  with the metropolitan area at 2,108,404 as of 2010.
Maracaibo is nicknamed ***La Tierra del Sol Amada*** ("The Beloved Land of the Sun").

## References
Ricardo Montaner

**Ricardo Montaner** (born Héctor Eduardo Reglero Montaner on September 8, 1957) is an Argentine-born Venezuelan singer and songwriter. He has released more than 15 albums with numerous successful singles. He has sold over 22 million record worldwide.

## Discography
* *Cada Día* (1983)
* *Ricardo Montaner* (1987)
* *Ricardo Montaner, Vol. 2* (1988)
* *Un Toque de Misterio* (1990)
* *En El Último Lugar del Mundo* (1991)
* *Los Hijos del Sol* (1992)
* *Una Mañana y Un Camino* (1994)
* *Viene del Alma* (1995)
* *Es Así* (1997)
* *Con la London Metropolitan Orchestra* (1999)
* *Sueño Repetido* (2001)
* *Suma* (2002)
* *Prohibido Olvidar* (2003)
* *Con la London Metropolitan Orchestra, Vol. 2* (2004)
* *Todo y Nada* (2005)
* *Las Mejores Canciones del Mundo* (2007)
* *Las Mejores Canciones, Vol. 2* (2007)
* *Las Cosas Son Como Son* (2009)
* *Soy Feliz* (2010)
* *Viajero Frecuente* (2012)

## Filmography
* Los Reyes (Himself), 2005
* La Voz Colombia (Coach), 2012

## Other websites
*
Apure

**Apure** () is one of the 23 states *(estados)* of Venezuela. The state capital is San Fernando de Apure.

## Municipalities and municipal seats 
* Achaguas (Achaguas)
* Biruaca (Biruaca)
* Muñoz (Bruzual)
* Páez (Guasdualito)
* Pedro Camejo (San Juan de Payara)
* Rómulo Gallegos (Elorza)
* San Fernando (San Fernando de Apure)

## Other websites
Cenwalh of Wessex

**Cenwalh** (also spelled **Coenwalh**, 4 April 615 – 27 October 672) was the King of Wessex from 642 to 645 and again from 648 until his death in 672. He was also a Claimant to the West Saxon throne from 645 to 648. He was deposed by his former brother-in-law, King Penda of Mercia because Cenwalh divorced Penda's sister, Ardith.

During Cenwalh's rule, Wessex continued to expand and the kingdom's relations with Mercia soured even more than ever. He was also a great soldier, actively fighting in Battles and Wars. In 623 when he was just eight, Cenwalh alongside his father, Cynegils and their family, converted to Roman Catholicism.

Cenwalh was considered a great ruler who cared more about his people than himself. He followed the footsteps of his father to becoming one of Wessex's greatest kings.

Cenwalh died in Winchester from Tuberculosis on the afternoon of 27 October 672, at the age of 57. He was succeeded by his second wife, Seaxburh.

## King of Wessex 
Cenwalh was the son of King Cynegils. When his father died in 643 Cenwalh succeeded him as king of Wessex. He married a sister of Penda of Mercia who was the power in the region at that time. Penda drove Cenwalh into exile in East Anglia. There he learned about Christianity and was baptised. This was much larger than an estate a king might give a family member. Cenwalh created a new diocese at Winchester in 660 and made Wine the first bishop. This left Wessex without a bishop. Cenwalh sent appeals to Agilbert to return to Wessex. But he sent his nephew Leutherius in his place. Cenwalh sent Leutherius to Theodore, Archbishop of Canterbury for consecration. Who he was fighting against is not entirely clear. But the Welsh were there led by Morgan Mwyfawr. After his death his widow, Queen Seaxburh, did what she could to hold Wessex together.

## Family 
* Cenwalh married first, N.N. (name not known), a sister of Penda of Mercia. He abandoned her .
* Cenwalh married secondly, Seaxburh. She succeeded him and ruled as Queen of Wessex.

:No children are recorded from either marriage.

## Notes
## References 
## Other websites 
* Britannia: Kings of Wessex
Gloria E. Anzaldúa

**Gloria Evangelina Anzaldúa** (September 26, 1942 – May 15, 2004) was an award-winning American radical feminist writer. She died from diabetes. Before she died she had been writing a book. She edited *This Bridge Called My Back: Writings By Radical Women of Color* with Cherríe Moraga. Her most well known book is *Borderlands/La Frontera: The New Mestiza*. She was born in the Rio de Grande valley of south Texas. She was a lesbian. She wrote books for children in English and Spanish. They are illustrated by Consuelo Mendez.

## Awards
*Before Columbus Foundation American Book Award (1986) - *This Bridge Called My Back: Writings by Radical Women of Color*
*Lambda Lesbian Small Book Press Award (1991)
*Lesbian Rights Award (1991)
*Sappho Award of Distinction (1992)
*American Studies Association Lifetime Achievement Award (Bode-Pearson Prize - 2001).

Her work *Borderlands/La Frontera: The New Mestiza* was recognized as one of the 38 best books of 1987 by *Library Journal* and 100 Best Books of the Century by both *Hungry Mind Review* and *Utne Reader*.

In 2012, she was listed as one of the 31 LGBT history "icons" by the organizers of LGBT History Month.

## References
So Random!

***So Random!*** is an American television series on the Disney Channel created by Steve Marmel. It is a musical sketch comedy that first began on June 5, 2011. It was announced as an independent series after Demi Lovato left the parent series, *Sonny with a Chance*. The series features the actors who acted in *Sonny with a Chance*, except for Lovato: Tiffany Thornton, Sterling Knight, Brandon Mychal Smith, Doug Brochu, and Allisyn Ashley Arm along with other featured actors who recur in the series. The series premiere was watched by 4.1 million viewers. The series only went for one season.

## Cast
### Main cast
All of the main cast of *So Random!* came from its parent series, *Sonny with a Chance*. 
* Tiffany Thornton as Tawni Hart
* Sterling Knight as Chad Dylan Cooper
* Brandon Mychal Smith as Nico Harris
* Doug Brochu as Grady Mitchell
* Allisyn Ashley Arm as Zora Lancaster

### Recurring characters
* Matthew Scott Montgomery as Matthew Bailey
* Shayne Topp as Shayne Zabo
* Damien Haas as Damien Johanssen
* Bridget Shergalis as Bridget Cook
* Audrey Whitby as Audrey Vale
* Coco Jones as Coco Blue
* Grace Bannon as Grace Wetzel

## References
## Other websites
* 
* 
*
Food court

, Quebec.]]
A **food court**, also called a **food hall**, is an area inside of a building which has a number of different restaurants and snack bars located around a single area where people sit at. Food courts may be found in shopping malls, airports, and parks. They may also be found in high schools and universities, where they replace or are additions to normal cafeterias.

## References
Rebecca Nurse

**Rebecca Towne Nurse** (13 February 1621 – July 19, 1692) was a pious 71-year-old grandmother when she was hanged as a witch in Salem Village on July 19, 1692.   

Her death was the turning point in the Salem Witch Trials. People started to doubt that the accusers were being truthful about being tormented by witchcraft.  

## Life
Nurse was born in Great Yarmouth, England in 1621. In 1644, her family settled in Salem Village in the Massachusetts Bay Colony (now Danvers, Massachusetts). About 1644, she married Francis Nurse, a tray-maker. They had eight children.

Rebecca and Francis Nurse were highly respected in the colony because few people could work wood into trays, cups, mugs, dishes and other useful objects. 

### Land disputes and accusations of witchcraft 
The Nurse family and the Putnam family (which lived in Salem) had several disputes over land. Two of the Putnams accused Rebecca of witchcraft, and she was arrested on March 23, 1692.  

Many villagers were angry that Rebecca had been accused of witchcraft. She was 71 years old and known to be a very pious woman. 

## Trial & execution 
Her trial began on June 30, 1692. Many people testified about her good character. However, the girls who accused her testified that she was tormenting them.

Rebecca was found not guilty of witchcraft. Some wanted her found guilty and urged the judges to reconsider their verdict. They did, and she was found guilty.

## References
Walt Disney Studios Home Entertainment

**Walt Disney Studios Home Entertainment** (also called **Buena Vista Home Entertainment** until 2024) is the division of The Walt Disney Company that distributes videos of movies to be played in the home. Disney began distributing videos under its own label in 1978 under the name Walt Disney Home Video.

The company distributes DVDs and Blu-ray discs under the labels Walt Disney Studios Home Entertainment, Touchstone Home Entertainment and Hollywood Pictures Home Entertainment. It also includes acquired labels such as Marvel Home Entertainment, Lucasfilm Home Entertainment and 20th Century Home Entertainment.

It releases its Disney-branded movies under the brand name **Disney DVD**. Disney began releasing titles on DVD in 1997, although they were not released in this format in the UK until 2000. They stopped released videos in VHS format in 2006. They began releasing movies on Blu-ray disc in the same year, under the brand name **Disney Blu-ray**.

In 2024, Disney stopped releasing titles under it's own home video business and began to release titles under Sony Pictures Home Entertainment, starting with the 20th Century Studios movie The First Omen on 30th July 2024.

## Walt Disney Gold Classic Collection 
**The Walt Disney Gold Classic Collection** is a line of videos and DVDs released by The Walt Disney Company which ran from 2000 to 2001. The collection released before it was the Walt Disney Masterpiece Collection. All titles released were released in both VHS and DVD except for *Toy Story*, which was released on VHS only. It was also the only title in the Walt Disney Gold Classic Collection to have the Walt Disney Company intro.

### Similar later releases
### Similar later releases II
## 2-Movie Pack 
## 2-Movie Collection 
### DVD release
### DVD Packaging release
### Blu-ray release
## 3-Movie Collection 
### DVD release
### DVD Packaging release
### Blu-ray release
## DVD releases 
## Blu-ray releases 
## Blu-ray 3Ds releases 
## 4K Ultra HD Blu-ray releases 
## Disney100 Diamond Collection 
The **"Disney100" Diamond Collections** are the line of DVDs, Blu-ray Discs and 4K Ultra HD Blu-ray that begin with the 2-Disc DVD releases of *Snow White* on February 10, 2023 and concluded *Fantasia/Fantasia 2000* on November 10, 2028. It succestor to Platinum Edition, Diamond Edition and The Walt Disney Signature Collections lines.
### DVD releases
### Blu-ray releases
### 4K Ultra HD Blu-ray releases
## Disney100 Legacy Animated Film Collection 
The **"Disney100" Legacy Animated Film Collections** are the line of DVDs, Blu-ray Discs and 4K Ultra HD Blu-ray that collection DVD releases of *Tangled* on January 13, 2023 and concluded *Wish* on December 15, 2028 that contains 100 animated films produced by Disney, Walt Disney Animation Studios and Pixar to celebrate 100th anniversary of Disney animation.
### DVD releases
### Blu-ray releases
### 4K Ultra HD Blu-ray releases
## Related pages
* List of Disney theatrical animated features

## References
## Other websites
* Disney DVD 
* 
* 
*
Holywell Green

**Holywell Green** is a small village in Calderdale, West Yorkshire, England. It is the name given to the east side of Stainland. There are also several hamlets in the surrounding area, such as Jagger Green and Old Lindley.

## References
## Other websites
Saline

**Saline** may refer to:

* Salinity, the salt content of a solution
* Saline water, water containing a high amount of salts
* Soil salinity, salt content of soil
* Saline (medicine), a liquid with salt content to match the human body
File hosting service

A **file hosting service** is an Internet service that stores files for its users. It allows users to upload files that could then be accessed over the internet from a different computer, tablet, smartphone or other networked device. Depending on the file and the file sharing service, a password may be needed to access certain files. The files can possibly also be accessed by other users, depending on the service or what the user prefers.

A variation of this is **one-click hosting**, which allows users to easily upload one or more files from their hard drives (or from a remote location) on to the one-click host's server. Many web services provide free one-click hosting for image files.  This gives the file an accessible URL that can be used to identify it on the internet.

## Related pages 
* File sharing

## References
Cwichelm of Wessex

**Cwichelm** (died circa 636) was the King of the Gewisse, although more commonly called the King of Wessex.  He reigned from 626 until his death. He was a pagan king who became a Christian shortly before his death.

## King in Wessex 
Cwichelm was the son of Cynegils, King of Wessex. He ruled jointly with his father. The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle for 614 says Cynegils and Cwichelm fought at a place named Beandun, which cannot be identified. The account went on to say they slew two thousand sixty-five Welsh. Another chronicle entry for 627 (corrected to 626) states an Eomer was sent by "Cwichelm, king of the West Saxons, thinking to stab king Eadwine". It goes on to say Eomer stabbed his thane, Lilla, and a Forthere but only wounding the king. The plot to kill the Northumbrian king failed and the following year Eadwine (Edwin) sent an army to punish Wessex.  The next mention of Cwichelm in the chronicle is for the year 628. It states that Cyngils, king of Wessex, and Cwichelm his son 'fought with Penda at Cirencester and came to an agreement with him there'. In 636 Cwichelm was baptised at Dorchester. He died later in the same year (636).

## Family 
Cwichelm had a son:

* Cuthred (died 685), king in Wessex

## Notes 
## References
Pihtipudas

**Pihtipudas** is a municipality in Finland. In August 2013, 4,386 people lived there. It is in Central Finland. It is next to the municipalities of Haapajärvi, Keitele, Kinnula, Pielavesi, Pyhäjärvi, Reisjärvi and Viitasaari. It contains the villages of Alvajärvi, Elämäjärvi, Ilosjoki, Korppinen, Kärväskylä, Muurasjärvi, Pihtipudas, Peninki, Rönny, Saani, Kojola and Seläntaus. The largest lakes nearby are Kolima, Alvajärvi and Muurasjärvi.

## Other websites
* Municipal website
List of North American Numbering Plan area codes

This is a **list of North American telephone area codes** in effect for the North American Numbering Plan (NANP). The area to which an area code is officially assigned is known as a Numbering Plan Area (NPA).

An area code is part of a telephone number in the United States, Canada, and the Caribbean. It is the part of the telephone number after the country code. For example, in the number 1-562-555-5555, the 1 is the country code (for the United States), and 562 is the area code. An area code is typically assigned to a state, city or region. The area codes range from 200 to 999.

Sometimes, an additional area code will be added to an area. This is called an overlay.

## United States
The following is a list of area codes in the United States, with some of the major cities that use that area code. Sometimes two or three codes are assigned to the same area. 

## Canada
The following is a list of area codes in Canada, with the major cities that use that area code. In Canada, some provinces share area codes. Sometimes two or three codes are assigned to the same area.

## Caribbean and Bermuda
## U.S. Pacific Territories
## NANP non-geographic
## References
## Other websites
*List of area codes in Canada  - Accessed April 13, 2013
Salarzai Tehsil

**Salarzai Tehsil** () is an administrative subdivision (tehsil) of Bajaur District in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province, Pakistan. Salarzai is the third largest of Bajaur District's seven tehsils.

## Geography 
Salarzai Tehsil is the third largest tehsil in Bajaur District. It is 220&nbsp;km2 in area and contains one valley and several smaller ravines. It is the northernmost part of Bajaur District, Salarzai has a 22.35&nbsp;km border with Khar Bajaur Tehsil to the south, a 17.05&nbsp;km border with Mamund Tehsil to the west, a 9.83&nbsp;km border with Afghanistan's Dangam District to the north, and also a 21.53&nbsp;km border with Lower Dir District to the east.

## Population 
According to the 1998 census the population was recorded as being 141,750 and according to the 2017 Pakistani census the population had risen to 267,636 people of which 134,539 were male and 133,083 female. Also, according to 2017 figures, the people of Salarzai form about a quarter of Bajaur District's whole population.

According to the latest Pakistani census (2023) the population had risen again - Salarzai Tehsil has a population of 316,767 of which 159,177 were male and 157,587 female.

## Religion 
According to the 2017 census, 99.99% of Salarzai Tehsil residents reported belonging to the Islamic faith along with 31 residents recorded as Ahmadi, 2 belonging to Scheduled Castes (Hindu), and 1 listed as 'other'.

## Politics 
Salarzai Tehsil is politically represented in the National Assembly of Pakistan (the lower house of the national parliament) in the NA-8 Bajaur constituency and in the Provincial Assembly of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa in the PK-20 Bajaur-II constituency. In both bodies, Salarzai Tehsil (as well as Bajaur District and most of KPK) tend to elect candidates from the Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf (PTI) party established by Pakistani cricketer and 22nd Prime Minister, Imran Khan.

## See also 
* Bajaur District
* Khyber Pakhtunkhwa

## References
Red River Parish, Louisiana

**Red River Parish** () is a rural parish in the U.S. state of Louisiana. Its parish seat and most populous municipality is Coushatta. It was created in 1871 by the state government. As of the 2020 census, the population was 7,620.

## Communities 
### Town 
* Coushatta (parish seat and largest municipality)

### Villages 
* Edgefield (smallest municipality)
* Hall Summit
* Martin

### Unincorporated communities 
* Crichton
* East Point
* Fairview Alpha
* Grand Bayou
* Hanna
* Harmon
* Lake End

## References
Puck (Shakespeare)

**Puck** is a character in a play called ''A Midsummer Night's Dream''. This play was written by William Shakespeare. In this play, Puck is a servant to the Fairy King, Oberon. Puck has some amazing abilities. For example, he can travel around the world in 40 minutes. In spite of his abilities, Puck makes a few mistakes in the play that create confusion for the other characters. For example, he puts a love potion into the wrong person's eyes. He also plays tricks. He puts a donkey's head on one character. 

Puck was not Shakespeare's invention. He was a character in folklore called 'pouke'. He was known as early as 1000 AD. He was an evil, dangerous demon. By the time of Geoffrey Chaucer, he had become linked with the Biblical devil. By Shakespeare's day, he was known as Puck, Robin Goodfellow, and Hobgoblin. He was a goblin who made mischief. 

By the time of Shakespeare and other Elizabethan poets, Puck had become a combination of English folklore and English country life. Shakespeare writes that Puck would frighten the village girls, ruin the butter, and lead travelers in the night the wrong way. Mickey Rooney played Puck in a 1935 movie adaptation of Shakespeare's play. 

Shakespeare used a description of Puck from Reginald Scot's *The Discoverie of Witchcraft* (1584). Scot describes Puck with disapproval. He points out that people no longer believe in him. Scot also tells of a man whose head was replaced with the head of a donkey.

## References
Shylock

**Shylock** is a key character and the antagonist in Shakespeare's 1596 or 1597 play *The Merchant of Venice*. He is a Jewish moneylender.

Shylock agrees to a bond with Antonio, the merchant of Venice. This bond requires Antonio to give a pound of his flesh next his heart should the money not be repaid on a certain date. When Antonio fails, Shylock goes to court to get the pound of flesh. Antonio had previously insulted and spat on him in the Rialto (the commercial centre of Venice). This helps to explain why Shylock demanded his *pound of flesh*.

Meanwhile, Shylock's daughter Jessica falls in love with Antonio's friend Lorenzo and converts to Christianity. This adds to Shylock's rage.

Shylock fails in court, and Antonio is released. Shylock is charged with attempted murder. Shylock is then forced to give half of his properties to the country and the other half to Antonio and to convert to Christianity.

Shylock has a famous speech beginning "Hath not a Jew eyes?" Famous actors who have played Shylock include Laurence Olivier.

In Shakespeare's time, no Jews had been *legally* present in England for several hundred years (since Edward I's Edict of Expulsion in 1290). But the idea of Jews as money lenders remained from the Middle Ages. Historically, money lending had been a fairly common occupation among Jews, perhaps because Christians were not allowed to practise usury.
Chico Albuquerque

**Chico Albuquerque** (25 April 1917 – 26 December 2000) was a Brazilian photographer. He was born in Fortaleza.

His parents were also photographers. He became specialized in portraits. In 1948, he was the first Brazilian photographer to produce an advertisement campaign for J.&nbsp;W.&nbsp;Thompson agency. Until then, advertisement in Brazil used just drawings and illustrations. His work was exhibited worldwide and received awards in Frankfurt, Turim and Buenos Aires.

On 26 December 2000, Chico Albuquerque suffered a stroke and died.

## Awards 
* 1950 - 1st Place. Golden Medal, Foto Cine Brasileiro – Rio de Janeiro.
* 1951 - 10o. Salão Fotográfico Internacional de São Paulo (São Paulo International Photography Fair) - Bronze Medal.
* 1953 - Frankfurt International - Golden Medal - Portraits.
* 1953 - 6o. Salão Internacional de Fotografias de San Sebastian. Silver Medal - Spain.
* 1958 - Troféu da Escola de Propaganda de São Paulo.
* 1998 - Prêmio Nacional de Fotografia. Funarte – Rio de Janeiro.

## Exhibitions 
* 2013 - A São Paulo de Chico Albuquerque, Espaço Itaú de Cinema Frei Caneca, São Paulo, SP.
* 2013 - O Estúdio Fotográfico Chico Albuquerque, MIS, São Paulo, SP.

## Other websites 
* Instituto Chico Albuquerque
Government shutdowns in the United States

In the United States, a **government shutdown** is a partial shutdown of some government services. It is not complete anarchy - essential services such as police remain active. The most recent shutdown started on October 1, 2025 caused by a lack of agreement on an appropriations bill for the 2026 fiscal year. 

## List of shutdowns
Yeongwol County

**Yeongwol County** (*Yeongwol-gun*) is a county in Gangwon Province, South Korea.

It is well known as the place where King Danjong, the sixth king of Joseon Dynasty, was exiled to, when he was forced to abdicate by his uncle, who became Sejo of Joseon. It is also where he is buried after he was murdered in 1457, because he was perceived to be a continuing threat to the rule of his uncle.

It is also where Joseon Dynasty poet Kim Sat-gat is buried.

## Tourism 
A tourist attraction in this area is the Yeongwol Insectarium (), a private insect museum. It has a collection featuring a large quantity of insects from Korea and all around the world. It was founded by Professor  Lee Dae-Am

The aim of the museum is to create interest in insects, and to educate people on the importance of bugs to the world ecological systems. The Yeongwol insectarium has been recognized as one of the best visitor attractions.

It displays both living and dead insect collections, from butterflies to bees, dragonflies to grasshoppers. The insect displays are divided by three sections in the Exhibition Room. The display includes such specialities as Korean endangered species like the Baby-Dragonfly, the smallest dragonflies in the world, and the biggest and worldly rare beetle.

## References
## Other websites
* Yeongwol County tourism office home page
Cynegils of Wessex

**Cynegils** (23 May 587 — 5 September 642) was the King of Wessex from 611 to his death. He was the son of King Ceol, who died when Cynegils was young. He succeeded his uncle, who was Ceol's younger brother, Ceolwulf, as king.

During his reign, the kingdom expanded into northern Wiltshire and Somerset, southern Gloucestershire and Oxfordshire, and western Berkshire. He is depicted as one of Wessex's greatest and most powerful kings ever.

## King in Wessex 
Cynegils was the grandson of Cutha, the son of Ceol of Wessex and probably the nephew of Ceolwulf. He ruled jointly with his son Cwichelm. The A*nglo-Saxon Chronicle* for 614 states that Cynegils and Cwichelm fought together at a place named Beandun and that they killed 2065 Welsh. That was a major victory for the West Saxons. When Edwin attacked Wessex in retaliation, five kings of Wessex were killed. The Northumbrian attack weakened the West Saxon army. The *Anglo-Saxon Chronicle* for 628 states that Cyngils, king of Wessex, and his son Cwichelm 'fought with Penda at Cirencester and came to an agreement with him there'. The 'agreement' seems to have been to give Cirencester to Penda. That would bw a defeat for Cynegils and for Cwichelm and a permanent loss of Cirencester. That may have been a condition of the marriage between Oswald and Cynegils's daughter, Cyneburh. He gave Birinus the city of Dorchester and several churches to could convert the pagans in Wessex. The conversion took some time to complete, and several kings who followed were pagan or converted to Christianity only later in their reigns. Cynegils's reign marked the turning point for Wessex from being bands of warriors to starting to be a united kingdom.

## Family 
Cynegils had the following children:
* Cwichelm (died 636), ruled with his father
* Cenwalh (died 672), succeeded his father as King of Wessex
* Centwine, King of Wessex
* Cyneburh, in 635 married King Oswald of Northumbria

## Notes 
## References 
## Other websites 
* Britannia: Kings of Wessex
Nicolas Poussin

**Nicolas Poussin** (, , ; June 1594 – 19 November 1665) was a French painter. He painted scenes from Ovid and from the Bible.

## Related pages
*Neoclassicism

## References 
## Other websites
*Met Museum
Folding-Fin Aerial Rocket

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The **Mk4 Folding-Fin Aerial Rocket** (FFAR) is a  rocket. It is also called **Mighty mouse**. United States military aircraft use this rocket. Military aircraft can not guide it after launch. It was made originally as an air-to-air rocket for shooting down enemy bombers from a further distance rather than machine guns and cannons. It is more effective on target rather than machine guns and cannons.

## References
Purple bacteria

**Purple bacteria** are bacteria that are phototrophic, meaning that they are able to make energy from light. They change the energy from the Sun into chemical energy that they can use to function. They do this through photosynthesis. Purple bacteria belong to the group called proteobacteria. They are called purple bacteria because they are often purple in colour. They can also be red, brown and orange.

## References
Stingy Jack

s were originally carved with scary faces to frighten away goblins and the spirits of the dead.]]

**Stingy Jack** is a character in Irish folklore. He was a poor, dirty man who was often drunk. He outsmarted the devil at least three times.

He invited the devil to have a drink with him. Jack did not want to pay for the drink. He persuaded the devil to change himself into a coin. The devil did so, and Jack put the coin in his pocket. There was a silver cross in his pocket that made it impossible for the devil to return to his original shape. Jack eventually allowed the devil to resume his shape, but only after he promised not to bother Jack for a whole year and to not try to claim his soul when he died.

On another occasion, Jack persuaded the devil to climb an apple tree to gather apples. Jack quickly carved crosses into the trunk of the tree, making it impossible for the devil to come down. Jack allowed the devil to come down, but only after he promised not to bother Jack for ten years and not to claim his soul when he died.

On the third occasion, Jack died before the ten-year time limit. God did not want Jack in Heaven, so he was sent to Hell. The devil could not claim his soul, so Jack was sent back into the world. The devil gave him a glowing coal to light his way in the darkness. Jack put the coal into a hollowed-out turnip. He is said to still walk the earth with his lantern, and can be seen around All Saints Day November 1.

Jack became known as "Jack of the lantern". This name was shortened to "Jack-o'-lantern". In the United States, his lantern became a pumpkin rather than a turnip. Pumpkins were common in the U.S. and easier to carve. The story of Jack is little known, perhaps because he was an unsuitable role model for entertaining children.

## References
*
Mercutio

**Mercutio** is a character in Shakespeare's *Romeo and Juliet*. He is a young man and friend to Romeo. When Romeo declines to participate in a duel with a family enemy, Mercutio takes Romeo's place and is killed as Romeo tries to end the duel. Mercutio is a talkative young man. His most famous speech is the Queen Mab speech.
Southwell, Nottinghamshire

**Southwell** is a town in Nottinghamshire, England. It has a large church called Southwell Minster.

## Other websites
*Southwell
Stedman Graham

**Stedman Graham** (born March 6, 1951) is an American businessperson, author, speaker and an educator. He is an African American who was born in Whitesboro, New Jersey. He is best known as Oprah Winfrey's partner.

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Foreign relations of Bangladesh

The **foreign relations of Bangladesh** are the Bangladeshi government's policies with other countries. Since independence in 1971, Bangladesh has officially followed a principle of being friendly with all nations and not being enemies with any. As a member of the Non-Aligned Movement, Bangladesh has tended to not take sides with major powers. Since the end of the Cold War, the country has pursued better relations with its neighbours. It has strong relations with other Muslim countries. It does not recognise Israel.

## United Nations 
Bangladesh joined the United Nations in 1974 and was elected to the Security Council in 1978–1980 and again in 2000–02. Foreign Minister Mr. Humayun Rasheed Choudhury was president of the 41st UN General Assembly in 1986.

Bangladesh has played a significant role in international peacekeeping activities. Nearly 10,000 Bangladeshi military personnel are overseas with UN peacekeeping forces. Bangladeshi troops have served or are serving in Somalia, Rwanda, Mozambique, Kuwait, Bosnia and Herzegovina,  Haiti, and East Timor.  In December 2021, Bangladesh was the largest provider of UN peacekeeping troops with 6608 people followed by Rwanda with 6335.

## By country
### Myanmar
Myanmar is Bangladesh's eastern neighbour. A great amount of tension exists between the two countries. This is due to border disputes and the presence of over 270,000 Rohingya Muslim refugees in Bangladesh from mainly-Buddhist Myanmar. As a result of bilateral discussions, and with the cooperation and assistance of the UNHCR, most of the Rohingya refugees returned to Burma. As of 2000, about 22,000 refugees remain in camps in southern Bangladesh.

At the 2008 ASEAN Regional forum summit in Singapore, Bangladesh and Myanmar said they would solve their Maritime boundary disputes as quickly as possible especially that a UN deadline in claiming maritime territories would expire in three years time. Both countries discussed the possibility of linking the two countries together in an attempt to boost their trade and commerce relations. The estimate to complete the 25 km highway is three years and at the cost of $20 million. Another aspect of this plan is to connect the highway to the Asian Superhighway which would connect the two countries to China. Although these have not been solved, and tensions are worsening.

### Russia
### South Korea
### United Kingdom
The relations between the two are historical, because the British started their conquest of British India from present-day Bengal region of Bangladesh. Bangladesh has been in the Commonwealth since 1972. There are many Bengalis within the community of Great Britain

## Related pages 
* Indo-Bangladeshi barrier
* Foreign relations of Pakistan

## References 
## Other websites 
* Ministry of Foreign Affairs
Juliet (Shakespeare)

**Juliet Capulet** is a character in Shakespeare's *Romeo and Juliet*. She is barely a young adult when she meets and falls in love with a family enemy, Romeo Montague. The two marry secretly. When Juliet's parents arrange a marriage with Count Paris for her, she takes a potion that will make her appear to be dead. Her body is taken to a crypt. She later comes back to life. When she discovers Romeo has killed himself, she kills herself. 

There have been countless adaptations. Norma Shearer and Olivia Hussey have played Juliet in the movies. The play was adapted to opera and ballet. Rudolph Nureyev and Margot Fonteyn have danced the "star-crossed lovers" in the ballet adaptation.
Nepal Bhasa Wikipedia

The **Nepal Bhasa Wikipedia** is the Nepal Bhasa-language edition of Wikipedia. As of October 2013, it has over 70,000 articles.

## References
## Other websites
*Nepal Bhasa Wikipedia main page
Edin Osmanović

**Edin Osmanović** (born 20 May 1964) is a Slovenian UEFA Pro football coach. Since 2013, he has been the head coach of the Slovenian First Football League club Aluminij from Kidričevo. He previously coached that club from 2004 to 2006. He started his coaching career in Rudar Trbovlje. He later coached many clubs in the First League, including Publikum Celje, HIT Gorica, Rudar Velenje, Korotan Prevalje, Dravograd, Aluminij and Mura 05.

With Gorica, Osmanović finished second in the 1999–2000 season of the First League, entered the semi-finals of the 1999–2000 Slovenian Football Cup and played four matches on the UEFA Cup. That made it one of the club's most successful seasons. With Korotan, he won the Slovenian Indoor Soccer All-Stars Competition. With Dravograd, he became the runner-up of the 2003–04 Slovenian Football Cup. He also worked with other coaches like Stanko Poklepović; he was his assistant coach at Celje before taking over the position of head coach.

## List of clubs
## References
Oriya Wikipedia

The **Odia Wikipedia** is the Odia-language edition of Wikipedia. This edition was started in June 2002. As of April 2015, it has over 8,728 articles.

## References
## Other websites
*Odia Wikipedia main page
Gewisse

The **Gewisse** Latin: *Gewissæ*) were a political group or band of Anglo-Saxons. They originally settled in the upper Thames river valley area. The Gewisse were the most powerful group in what would become the kingdom of Wessex.

## Name 
The name 'Gewisse' comes from an Old English word for "reliable" or "sure", In the genealogy of King Alfred of Wessex, is a supposed ancestor of Cerdic named Gewis. (also spelled Gwis). The true origin of the name cannot be determined accurately. the name was old in Bede's time. Bede stated the original name for the West Saxons was the Gewisse. The change in name from the Gewisse to the West Saxons seems to have taken place in the latter part of the 7th century.

## History 
In 577 the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle claims the kings of the Gewisse captured Cirencester, Bath and Gloucester. The date is questionable but the Gewisse did hold those territories. The 'agreement' meant giving Cirencester to Penda. It was a permanent loss of Cirencester. By the second half of the 7th century Gewisse was expanding towards the Southwest and Devon. At about the same time they lost territory in the Thames valley to Mercia. The change in name to Wessex may have reflected more a change in their territory. But when writing of the reign of Cynegils he referred to them as "anciently known as the Gewissae."

## Notes 
## References
Edward Moss

**Edward Moss** (born July 11, 1977) is an American impersonator, actor, comedian. He is best known for impersonating Michael Jackson.

## Other websites
*