open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Bob Balaban

**Robert Elmer "Bob" Balaban** (born August 16, 1945) is an American actor, author, producer, and director who is known for his roles in *Moonrise Kingdom*, *Gosford Park*, *Close Encounters of the Third Kind*, *Best in Show*, *Lady in the Water*, and as his guest-starring roles as Russell Dalrymple in *Seinfeld* and Frank Buffay, Sr. in *Friends*.

Balaban was born on August 16, 1945 in Chicago, Illinois to a Jewish family. His grandparents were Russian immigrants who came to Chicago. Balaban studied at Colgate University and at New York University. He has been married to Lynn Grossman since 1977. They had two children, Hazel and Mariah. He is Jewish. Balaban now lives in Manhattan, New York.

## References
## Other websites
* 
* 
*
Proserpina

**Proserpina** (; Latin: *Prōserpina*) or **Proserpine** is the goddess of springtime and the queen of the underworld in Roman mythology. She was the daughter of Ceres. In Greek mythology, there was a goddess who was like Proserpina called Persephone.  She was first brought to Rome in the year 204 BC. Many of her stories were based on those of the Greek goddess. 

Her name is possibly derived from the Latin *proserpere*, meaning "to emerge or come forth".

## Libera and Proserpina 
Libera was reated to Proserpina from 205 BC. She and Ceres got a Romanised form of Greek religious events. This was part of Rome's religious acceptance of deities to serve as divine friends against Carthage, towards the end of the Second Punic War. In the late Republican era, Cicero described Liber and Libera as Ceres' children. At around the same time, Hyginus made Libera same to Greek Ariadne, as bride to Liber's Greek equivalent, Dionysus. The older and newer forms of her names, worship, and rites, and their diverse relationships, existed well into the late Imperial times. St. Augustine (354–430 AD) wrote that Libera was a goddess of female fertility, just as Liber was a god of male fertility.

## As a daughter of Ceres 
Proserpina was brought to Rome as the daughter of Ceres in the newly Romanised culture of "Mother and Daughter". The cult originated from southern Italy. It was politically a friend to Rome but culturally a part of Magna Graecia. The cult was based on the women-only Greek Thesmophoria. It was a part public and part secret culture to Demeter and Persephone as "Mother and Maiden". It came to Rome along with its Greek priestesses. The priestesses were given Roman citizenship. They were able to pray to the gods "with an outside knowledge, but for a native and good purpose". In his book on Virgil, Servius writes that Proserpina's divine name is Luna, and her earthly name is Diana.

## In the underworld 
The most popular story of Prosperina is of her being taken away by force by the god of the Underworld. Her mother Ceres searched for her. Her mother stopped doing all the works in the world that she used to do. In Latin literature, several stories are known. All similar mostly to the stories of Greek Persephone being taken away by force by the King of the underworld. The king was named in Latin sources as Dis or Pluto, and in Greek sources as Hades or Pluto. "Hades" can mean both the hidden Underworld and its king ('the hidden one'). In early Greek stories, it is a dark thing. Persephone is "Kore" ('the maiden') who was taken against her will in the underworld. 
 

## References
I Remember

"**I Remember**" is a song by Canadian electronic music producer deadmau5 and American DJ Kaskade. The song is featured on deadmau5's first studio album *Random Album Title* and the Strobelite Edit is featured on Kaskade's fifth solo album *Strobelite Seduction*.

The song is featured on the soundtrack of the 2011 film The Lincoln Lawyer and the remix by FSG was featured in DJ Hero 2 and GoldenEye 007.

The music video for the song was shot in Manchester and features British actor Stephen Graham as well as Warren Brown, Aston Kelly, Greg Walsh & Emma Edmondson. 

The video starts with Graham's character talking to two young men played by Warren Brown & Aston Kelly about rave culture and life. Brown and Kelly's characters then find a place for what is later revealed to be an illegal rave where deadmau5 is performing as the DJ. The video ends with a "to be continued" title card.

Actor Stephen Graham was almost arrested because the police accidentally mistook the music video for an actual illegal rave.

## References
Opel Signum

The **Opel Signum** is a car produced by Opel. It was a more upmarket version of the Vectra that it was based on and it arrived in 2003 with a facelift in 2005 and was discontinued in 2008 with no replacement. It was sold in the UK as the Vauxhall Signum. 

It is a hatchback version of the Opel Vectra.

## Engines 
* *1.8* 90 kW (122 hp) and 103 kW (140 hp)
* *2.0 Turbo* 129 kW (175 hp)
* *2.2 Direct* 114 kW (155 hp)
* *2.8 Turbo* 169 kW (230 hp) and 184 kW (250 hp)
* *3.2* 155 kW (211 hp)
* *1.9 CDTI* 74 kW (100 hp), 88 kW (120 hp) and 110 kW (150 hp)
* *2.0 DTI* 74 kW (100 hp)
* *2.2 DTI* 92 kW (125 hp)
* *3.0 CDTI* 130 kW (177 hp) and 135 kW (184 hp)
Ghosts 'n' Stuff

"'''Ghosts 'n' Stuff**", also known as "**Ghosts N Stuff'''", is a song by Canadian electronic music producer deadmau5 and features vocals from Rob Swire of Pendulum and Knife Party. The song is featured on deadmau5's fourth studio album *For Lack of a Better Name.* 

The song was first made in 2004 and deadmau5 said that the song ended up going through at least 10 revisions. deadmau5 and Swire met each other backstage at various festivals and they both decided to collaborate on a song.

The song was specifically made for Pete Tong's BBC Radio 1 Essential Selection show which deadmau5 was a guest on along with Steve Angello. Tong asked deadmau5 if deadmau5 could create something new for his appearance. deadmau5 said that the song was originally called "Hotel" because he made it for Tong's show when he was staying in his hotel. He also said that the song was "just now" finished and that he would now call it "Ghosts 'n' Stuff".

The music video for the song was shot in Toronto, Ontario and features Joel Zimmerman being rushed to the hospital but dies on arrival. Zimmerman is then revived as a ghost and roams the streets of Toronto where he gets a tattoo of a Space Invader alien, gets runs into a gang of ghosts and attends a rave where the other people are dressed up in different costumes. One of the people at the rave wearing a deadmau5 helmet pulls the white sheet off and Joel wakes up in the hospital. Joel also finds that the Space Invaders tattoo that he got as a ghost is still on his neck.

The music video for the song was also shown on a 2011 episode of Beavis and Butt-head titled, "Drones". 

## References
Anthony Lane

**Anthony Lane** (born 1962) is a British-American movie critic and journalist. He works for *The New Yorker* along with David Denby.

Lane was born in 1962 in London, England. He studied at Sherborne School and at Trinity College, Cambridge. He is partners with Allison Pearson. They have two children, Eveline and Thomas Lane. He now lives in Cambridge, England.

## References
## Other websites
*Interview of Anthony Lane by Robert Birnbaum (October 3, 2002)
* Sample of Lane's cinematic taste  on Rotten Tomatoes.
Theresa Randle

**Theresa Randle** (December 27, 1964, Los Angeles) is an American movie performer who began with studies in comedy and stage. Her movies include the *Bad Boys* series, *Maid to Order* and *Girl 6*.

## Filmography
## References
Alpine skiing

(Argentina)]]
**Alpine skiing** is a winter sport. In this sport people try to go down hills which have snow on them with skis. The person who goes down fastest is the winner. There are many different types of races that can be done. This sport started around 1850 in Norway. 

Today, many people can try it because there are many ski resorts around the world to do this. For the best athletes there are many important competitions: the FIS Alpine Ski World Cup is the most known of them. Alpine skiing is played in the Olympics.

Alpine skiing is also sometimes called **downhill skiing**. However, under this last name there are many more types of skiing, for example freestyle.

## Types of races 
There are four types of races in alpine skiing. In all of them, there is a start and finish line and some gates on the slope between these lines. Athletes must go between the gates, otherwise they are disqualified.
***Downhill**: this is the fastest race. It is also the most dangerous one. The gates are very few and the course is very long. It can have jumps and very fast turns. Every skier goes down one time only.
***Super-G**: this is a bit slower than downhill. There are a few more turns, but there is still some distance between them. The course can include fast turns and jumps again, and is still quite long. Every skier still goes down once only.
***Giant slalom**: this is much slower than downhill. There are many turns, though they are still quite wide. Every skier goes down twice in the same day. The times are then added, and the fastest total time wins.
***Slalom**: this is the slowest type of competition. The course is also usually very short. However, there are very many turns. The turns are very close to each other, so the skier needs to get a very quick rhythm to go through all of them. The technique here is the most important thing rather than just speed.

There is also a **combined** event. This has one downhill race and two slalom races. The races are usually shorter than the normal ones. The event takes place on one day only. The times are added and the athlete who has the fastest total time is the winner.

## References
Sharon Gless

**Sharon Gless** (born May 31, 1943 in Los Angeles) is an American movie and television actress. She has two Emmy Awards and two Golden Globe Awards. She acted as Maggie Philbin in the TV series *Switch* and as Christine Cagney in *Cagney & Lacey*. She also did other television programs.

In 1991, she married producer Barney Rosenzweig.

## References
## Other websites
*
Hans Ferdinand Linskens

**Hans Ferdinand Linskens** (Lahr, Germany, May 22, 1921 – August 13, 2007) was a German scientist. He did research in botany and genetics. He was professor of botany at the Radboud University Nijmegen from 1957 to 1986. and *Sexual Plant Reproduction*. He was also an influential editor of handbooks.

Linskens was an elected member of the Deutsche Akademie der Naturforscher Leopoldina, Linnean Society of London, Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen, and the Académie Royale des Sciences de Belgique.

## References
Old Tom Morris

**Thomas Mitchell Morrison** (16 June 1821 - 24 May, 1908) was a Scottish professional golf pioneer. He influenced many popular golfers including Tiger Woods, Rory McIlroy, Phil Mickelson, and others.

## Personal life
Morris was born in St. Andrews, Fife, Scotland on 16 June 1821. He was the son of a weaver. He started playing golf by the age of 10. He used wine bottle corks pierced with sharp nails as golf balls. He played around the streets of the town using a homemade golf club.
Rosemary Harris

**Rosemary Harris** (born 19 September 1927) is an English actress and writer  

.

## References
## Other websites
*
Lesley Ann Warren

**Lesley Ann Warren** (born August 16, 1946 in New York City) is an American movie and television actor. She starred in many television programs and movies. She was in *Color of Night* (which did poor at the box office). She also appeared on the television series *Will & Grace* and *Desperate Housewives*.

## References
Serius Jones

**Serius Jones** is an American and all-time champion freestyle rapper. He has been featured in many rap battles and is a part time amateur rapper.

## Discography
*2006: *King Me (Street Album)*
*2008: *Serius Bizness*
*2009: *Why So Serius?*
*2011: *Serius Bizness 2*
*Coming 2012: *Life is Serius*

## References 
*http://www.hiphopdx.com/index/news/id.8141/title.serius-jones-speaks-on-split-with-ludacris-new-deal 
*http://realtalkny.uproxx.com/2007/05/topic/topic/videos/fight-klub-season-2-taping-june-4th/ 
*http://www.mtv.com/bands/m/mixtape_monday/012907/ 

## Other websites 
* 
* Youtube channel
David Denby

**David Denby** (born 1943) is an American journalist, critic, and historian who works with *The New Yorker* along with Anthony Lane. His career began in 1970s. He was influenced by critic Pauline Kael.

Denby was born in 1943 in New York City, New York. He studied at Columbia University and at Stanford University. He now lives in Manhattan, New York.

## References
## Other websites
* David Denby archive, *New York* (articles from January 1998 to January 2001)
* Transcript of February 25, 2004, online chat with David Denby , Forbes.com Q&A
**Booknotes* interview with Denby on *Great Books: My Adventures with Homer, Rousseau, Woolf and Other Indestructible Writers of the Western World*, December 22, 1996.
Uyghur language

**Uyghur** (, *Uyghurche*; formerly known as **Eastern Turkish**) is a Turkic language with 8 to 11 million speakers, spoken primarily by the Uyghur people in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region of Western China. There are several writing systems used to write Uyghur. While Uyghurs usually use the Uyghur alphabet, an alphabet based on the Arabic alphabet, there are also two Latin and one Cyrillic alphabet that can be used to write Uyghur.

## References
List of Medal of Honor recipients during peacetime

Prior to World War II the Medal of Honor could be received for actions not involving direct combat with the enemy; 193 men earned the medal in this way. Most of the peacetime medals were presented to members of the United States Navy for their actions during boiler explosions, man-overboard incidents, and other hazards of naval service.

Given in the list below are the place and date of each recipient's Medal of Honor action, as well as their rank at the time of the action. A posthumous recipient is denoted by an asterisk after the recipient's name.

## Medal of Honor
The Medal of Honor was created during the American Civil War. It is the highest military decoration presented by the United States government to a member of its armed forces. The recipient must have distinguished themselves at the risk of their own life above and beyond the call of duty in action against an enemy of the United States. Due to the nature of this medal it is commonly presented after the recipient has been killed (posthumously).
A Medal of Honor during peacetime has not been presented since 1939.

## List of recipients
:*Note: Notes in quotations are derived or are copied from the official Medal of Honor citation*

## Notes
## References
* 
** 
** 
** 
** 
**
Turkistan Islamic Party

The **East Turkestan Islamic Movement** (ETIM, also known as the **Turkistan Islamic Party**, **Turkistan Islamic Movement**, and other names); is a Waziri based mujahideen Islamic extremist organization. Its stated goals are the independence of East Turkestan. ETIM has reportedly committed over 200 acts of terrorism between 1990 and 2001, resulting in at least 162 deaths and over 440 injuries.

## References
Eastern bluebird

The **eastern bluebird** (*Sialia sialis*) is a species of Turdidae. Its name comes from the colour of its feathers, which is a vibrant blue.

## Appearance
There is a marked contrast between his blue back and its subdued orange-brown belly. The female's colours are less intense. The head's colour is a kind of blue-gray and there is a more vibrant blue on the tail and the wings. The belly is a mix of orange-brown and white. The male is completely blue. It is only his breast and his throat which are orange and blue, his belly and undertail are white.

## Habitat
The eastern bluebird lives in many regions of North America. It has been seen more frequently in the American Midwest and in southern Canada. It does not have a definive habitat. It lives in light woods, gardens, agricultural areas and orchards. This species prefers to use a hole already made as a nest. In fact, those birds often live in deserted woodpecker holes. To make it more comfortable they add to the hole little twigs or brushwood. They cut and bring it back to the hole they want to live in and it covers the bottom of the wood cavity.

## Population
Females have between four and five eggs at a time. Before hatching, there is about fourteen days of incubation.  The eastern bluebird has been decreasing in population over time. Despite the fact that many eggs are laid, the birth's success rate is low. One thing that can be the source of that phenomenon might be the introduction of the common starling from Europe. That kind of bird is a strong competitor fighting against eastern bluebirds for natural cavities. If they are fighting every day females would not be able to lay their eggs because they need a calm location to do it. However, the situation could be worse without nest boxes to help eastern bluebirds find a safe location.

## Notes 
## References 
* Proctor, Noble. Répertoire des oiseaux chanteurs du Québec et de l’Amérique du Nord, édition Québecor, Montréal, 1991, p.&nbsp;83
* Bluebird , The Canadian Encyclopedia.
* http://www.canadiangeographic.ca/wildlife-nature/?path=francais/especes/merlebleu-est , ESPÈCE : Merlebleu de l’Est.
List of Irish American Medal of Honor recipients

The following is a list of **Irish-American** soldiers, sailors, airmen and marines who were awarded the American military's highest decoration — the Medal of Honor, sometimes referred to as the Congressional Medal of Honor. The Medal of Honor is bestowed "for conspicuous gallantry and intrepidity at the risk of life, above and beyond the call of duty, in actual combat against an armed enemy force." The medal is awarded by the President of the United States on behalf of the Congress.

Of the 3,464 Medals of Honor awarded as of September 17, 2009, an estimated 2,018 have been awarded to Irish-American recipients, more than twice the number awarded any other ethnic group; 257 Irish-born Americans have received the Congressional Medal of Honor which represents more than half of foreign-born MOH recipients. A monument to these Irish-born Medal of Honor winners is located at Valley Forge's Medal of Honor Grove. The first Irish American to receive the Medal was Michael Madden, who received it for his actions in the American Civil War.

## Medal of Honor
The Medal of Honor was created during the American Civil War and is the highest military decoration presented by the United States government to a member of its armed forces. The recipient must have distinguished themselves at the risk of their own life above and beyond the call of duty in action against an enemy of the United States. Due to the nature of this medal, it is commonly presented posthumously.

## Civil War

## Indian Wars
## Korean Expedition
## Spanish-American War
## Philippine-American War

## Boxer Rebellion
## United States occupation of Haiti
## World War I

## World War II

## Korean War

## Vietnam War
## War in Afghanistan

## Peacetime
## References
## Further reading
* 
* 

## Other websites
* 
* Iron Brigade  Medal Given to the 14th Brooklyn Regiment.  Wikipedia 14th Brooklyn
East Turkestan independence movement

) has become a symbol of the East Turkestan independence movement.]]

The **East Turkestan independence movement** is a broad term that refers to advocates of an independent, self-governing East Turkestan in the region now known as Xinjiang, an autonomous region in the People's Republic of China.
Mariette Hartley

**Mariette Hartley** (born June 21 1940 in Weston, Connecticut) is an American movie and television actress. She acted in the television drama *Channing*. She also acted in many other TV programs and movies. Hartley won an Emmy Award.

## References
Barbara Bel Geddes

**Barbara Bel Geddes** (born October 31, 1922 – August 8, 2005) was an American television and movie actress. She was born in New York City. She acted in many television programs and movies. She performed as Ellie Ewing in the television show *Dallas*. Bel Geddes died of lung cancer in 2005 in Maine. 

## Other websites 
*
Telesforo Trinidad

**Telesforo de la Crux Trinidad** (November 25, 1890-May 8, 1968) was a Filipino fireman 2nd class in the United States Navy who received the Medal of Honor for actions, in Mexican waters near La Paz, on board the USS San Diego in peacetime. He was the second service member, and first and so far the only sailor of Asian descent to receive the award.

## Medal of Honor citation
**Citation:**
For extraordinary heroism in the line of his profession at the time of the boiler explosion on board the U.S.S. San Diego, 21 January 1915. Trinidad was driven out of fireroom No. 2 by the explosion, but at once returned and picked up R.E. Daly, fireman, second class, whom he saw to be injured, and proceeded to bring him out. While coming into No. 4 fireroom, Trinidad was just in time to catch the explosion in No. 3 fireroom, but without consideration for his own safety, passed Daly on and then assisted in rescuing another injured man from No. 3 fireroom. Trinidad was himself burned about the face by the blast from the explosion in No. 3 fireroom.

## Related pages
*List of Asian American Medal of Honor recipients
*List of Medal of Honor recipients during peacetime

## References
Jamie Hyneman

**James Franklin "Jamie" Hyneman** (born September 25, 1956) is an American special effects expert, scientist, and television personality. He has been the co-host of *MythBusters* since 2003.

Hyneman was born on September 25, 1956 in Marshall, Michigan. He was raised in Columbus, Indiana. He studied at Indiana University. Hyneman has been married to Eileen Walsh since 1989. He is an atheist.

## References
## Other websites
*Jamie Hyneman's M5 Industries
*
*Jamie Hyneman biography from the Discovery Channel
Terry Teruo Kawamura

**Terry Teruo Kawamura** (December 10, 1949 &ndash; March 20, 1969) was a United States Army soldier. He was also a recipient of the United States military's highest decoration—the Medal of Honor. He received it for his actions in the Vietnam War.

## Early life
Kawamura was born at Wahaiwa, Hawaii on the island of Oahu. His grandparents were Japanese immigrant parents. Kawamura was a *Sansei*, which means that he was a third generation Japanese-American.

## Soldier
Kawamura joined the Army from Oahu in 1968.  By March 20, 1969, was serving as a Corporal in the 173rd Engineer Company, 173rd Airborne Brigade. On that day, at Camp Radcliff, Republic of Vietnam, Kawamura smothered an enemy-thrown explosive with his body, sacrificing his life to protect those around him.

Kawamura was 19 when he died. He was buried in Mililani Memorial Park in Mililani Town, Hawaii.

## Medal of Honor citation
Kawamura's Medal of Honor  his conduct in frontline fighting in Vietnam in 1969.

The words of Kawamura's citation explain:

For conspicuous gallantry and intrepidity in action at the risk of his life above and beyond the call of duty. Cpl. Kawamura distinguished himself by heroic action while serving as a member of the 173d Engineer Company. An enemy demolition team infiltrated the unit quarters area and opened fire with automatic weapons. Disregarding the intense fire, Cpl. Kawamura ran for his weapon. At that moment, a violent explosion tore a hole in the roof and stunned the occupants of the room. Cpl. Kawamura jumped to his feet, secured his weapon and, as he ran toward the door to return the enemy fire, he observed that another explosive charge had been thrown through the hole in the roof to the floor. He immediately realized that 2 stunned fellow soldiers were in great peril and shouted a warning. Although in a position to escape, Cpl. Kawamura unhesitatingly wheeled around and threw himself on the charge. In completely disregarding his safety, Cpl. Kawamura prevented serious injury or death to several members of his unit. The extraordinary courage and selflessness displayed by Cpl. Kawamura are in the highest traditions of the military service and reflect great credit upon himself, his unit, and the U.S. Army.

## Related pages
* List of Medal of Honor recipients for the Vietnam War
* List of Asian American Medal of Honor recipients
* Posthumous recognition

## References 
## Other websites
*
Adam Savage

**Adam Whitney Savage** (born July 15, 1967) is an American special effects, scientist, artist, television personality, and educator. He has been the co-host of *MythBusters* since 2003.

Savage was born on July 15, 1967 in New York City, New York. He studied at Tisch School of the Arts. He has been married to Julia Savage since 2002. He has two children. Savage is an atheist.

## References
## Other websites
* 
* Adam Savage's "Tested" website
* 
* Adam Savage's biography from the Discovery Channel 
* Discovery
* Savage Presentation at The Entertainment Gathering (December 2008)
Kendra Wilkinson

**Kendra Leigh Wilkinson** (formerly **Baskett**; born June 12, 1985) is an American television personality and model. She is known for being one of Hugh Hefner's girlfriends and for her role on the E! reality television series *The Girls Next Door*. She was not a Playboy Playmate but she has been in *Playboy* with her *Girls Next Door* co-stars Holly Madison and Bridget Marquardt. Her first reality series, *Kendra*, debuted in June 2009. It ended in November 2011. It was followed by *Kendra on Top* which ran on WE tv until 2017.

## References
Carloman I

]]
**Carloman I** (ca.750/751 - 771) was a Carolingian Frankish ruler who was King of Burgundy and Neustria (768-771). His father was Pepin III. In 768, he inherited the southen part of his father's kingdom, but he died three years later.
Dutch Defence

The **Dutch defence** is one of the oldest chess openings. It aims to counter-attack White's kingside in the middlegame. White can respond in various ways:

2.g3. This fianchetto of the bishop signals White's attempt to control the central squares. It is the main line for tournament players. White continues with moves like Bg2, Nf3, 0-0, c4, Nc3.

2.Bg5. This makes 2...Nf6 doubtful, since 3.Bxf6 doubles Black's pawns and makes Black's game more difficult. Black usually plays 2...g6 to fianchetto his bishop before he plays Nf6. 2...g6 marks the Leningrad variation of the Dutch defence. White's bishop cannot trapped: 2...h6 3.Bh4 g5 4.Bg3 f4? 5.e3! Mate is threatened (6.Qh5#), so the pawn on f4 is won.

2.e4. This is Staunton's Gambit. After 2...fxe4 3.Nc3 Nf6 4.Bg5 d5 5.f3, White may or may not have enough for the pawn loss.

## Further reading
*
*
Carloman I of Austrasia

**Carloman I of Austrasia**(706/710 - 17 August 754) was a Carolingian Frankish ruler. He was the son of Charles Martel and brother of Pepin III.

## Sources 
* Fouracre, Paul. "The Long Shadow of the Merovingians" in: *Charlemagne: Empire and Society*, ed. Joanna Story. Manchester University Press, 2005. .
Darkhan (city)

**Darkhan** (Mongolian: Дархан) is a city in Mongolia.  It is in a province with the same name.   It is the third largest city in the country.  In 2010, the population was 74,738.

## Name
Darkhan means blacksmith in Mongolian.

## Economy
The city's economy is mostly industrial.  Education is also an important sector of the city's economy.

## History
Darkhan is a new city.  It was begun on October 17, 1961. 

## Climate
Darkhan has a borderline humid continental climate (Dwb), close to the more typical subarctic climate (Dwc) of northern Mongolia, which is found in higher areas near the city, and only marginally wet enough to avoid qualifying as a semi-arid climate (BSk). This area has extremely cold and dry winters; however the summers are warmer and more humid.

## Education
There are ten colleges in Darkhan.  Many students come to Darkhan to study.  There are also the Institute of Management and Development, the Regional Business Development Center and the Plant Science and Agricultural Training Research Institute.

## Culture
The city has a monument to the horse-head fiddle (morinkhuur), the national instrument of Mongolia.

There is a Buddhist monastery Kharagiin monastery in a pretty log cabin in the older part of the  town.

The Museum of Darkhan-Uul is the Traditional Museum of Folk Art.  It has a collection of archaeological findings, traditional clothing, religious artifacts, and taxidermy.
St Mirren Park

**St Mirren Park**, also known as "Greenhill Road", is a football stadium in Paisley, Scotland and is the home of St. Mirren FC. The capacity of the stadium is 8,023 all seated.

## History
St. Mirren FC previously played at Love Street, which was also known as St. Mirren Park. Love Street was sold to the supermarket Tesco. The money from the sale was used to build the new ground.

The new St. Mirren Park was officially opened on 31 January 2009 by club chairman Stewart Gilmour and First Minister Alex Salmond, prior to the first match at the new ground. The game between St Mirren and Kilmarnock finished in a 1&ndash;1 draw, with the first goal at the new stadium being scored by Kilmarnock striker Kevin Kyle. Dennis Wyness scored St. Mirren's first goal at the new ground, in the same match.

St. Mirren Park has become the regular home of the Scotland national under-21 football team.

## Structure and facilities
The Stadium has four stands with a total capacity of 8,023. The North Stand is used by away fans but for larger away supports part of the West Stand can also be given to away fans.

*Main Stand (Greenhill Road) - capacity 2,220.
*West Stand (Craigielee Drive) - capacity 2,516.
*North Stand (Ferguslie Park Avenue) - capacity 1,633.(Normally designated for away fans.)
*South Stand (Drums Road) - capacity 1,654.

## References
José B. Nísperos

**José B. Nísperos** (December 30, 1887&ndash;September 1, 1922) was a member of the Philippine Scouts. He received the Medal of Honor during the Philippine-American War. He was the first Asian to receive the medal. On September 24, 1911, at Lapurap, Basilan, Philippines, Nísperos, a member of the U.S. Army's 34th Company of the Philippine Scouts, defended his unit's position against natives armed with spears despite being severely wounded. Nísperos became the first Filipino and Asian to receive the medal of honor; the medal was presented by Brigadier General Bell in February 1913.

## Medal of Honor citation
**Citation:**
Having been badly wounded (his left arm was broken and lacerated and he had received several spear wounds in the body so that he could not stand) continued to fire his rifle with one hand until the enemy was repulsed, thereby aiding materially in preventing the annihilation of his party and the mutilation of their bodies.

## Related pages
*List of Asian American Medal of Honor recipients
*List of Philippine–American War Medal of Honor recipients

## Notes
## References
*
*
Jenny Clack

**Jennifer Alice Clack** FRS (*née* **Agnew**; 3 November 1947 – 26 March 2020) was an English palaeontologist. She was curator at the Cambridge University Museum of Zoology, and Professor of Vertebrate Palaeontology at Cambridge University. Her career was devoted to studying the early evolution of tetrapods.

Lobe-finned fish in the Devonian evolved into tetrapods in a series of transitional fossils. Clack adopted the term "fishapod" to describe these animals. They then colonized the freshwater swamps of the Carboniferous period.

## Life 
Clack attended Bolton School, one of the oldest schools in Lancashire. She received a BSc in Zoology from the University of Newcastle upon Tyne in 1970. and a PhD in 1984. She also held a Graduate Certificate in Museum Studies from the University of Leicester and an M.A. and D.Sc. from the University of Cambridge.

In 2006, Clack was awarded a personal chair by the University of Cambridge, taking the title Professor of Vertebrate Palaeontology. In 2008 she was awarded the Daniel Giraud Elliot Medal from the U.S. National Academy of Sciences. She was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 2009.

The fairly complete fossil of *Acanthostega* she discovered in Greenland in 1987 is a transitional, water-bound primitive tetrapod.

In April 2012 she was featured in an episode of the BBC television series *Beautiful Minds*, a set of documentaries about scientists who have made important discoveries.

Clack died on 26 March 2020 at the age of 72.

## Books and articles 
*2000. The origin of tetrapods. In *Amphibian biology*, vol 4. Heatwole H. and Carroll R.L. (eds) Surrey Beatty pp.&nbsp;973–1029. and (with Carroll R.L.) Early Carboniferous tetrapods.  pp.&nbsp;1030–1043
*2002. An early tetrapod from 'Romer's Gap'. *Nature* **418**, 72–76 http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v418/n6893/full/nature00824.html
*2005. Fossil vertebrates: Palaeozoic non-amniote tetrapods. *Encyclopaedia of Geology*. Elsevier, Oxford **2**: 468-497
*2005. Getting a leg up on land. *Scientific American*. http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id= 
*2012. *Gaining ground: the origin and early evolution of tetrapods*. 2nd ed,  Bloominton, Indiana: Indiana University Press. , ()

## References 
## Other websites 
*Jenny Clack on the Cambridge University website 
*Home page - Jennifer "Jenny" Clack
*Profile on PBS website 
*Interview on PBS website
Hugh de Lotharingia

**Hugh de Lotharingia** also called **Hugh of Lotharingia** (ca. 850/855 - 895) was a person in the Frankish royal family during the Carolingian dynasty.  A dynasty is a group of kings or queens who are related to each other by blood and rule the same place one after he other. He was the son of Lothar II by a woman who was not his wife.  Hugh's mother was Lothar's concubine Waldrada, meaning people knew she was the king's girlfriend. Hugh was the grandson of Lothar I. His title was Count of Lotharingia and Duke of Alsace.

When Hugh was young, his father was given then job of Count of Lotharingia also. In 865, he was named Duke of Alsace.

In 885, Hugh's uncle, Emperor Charles the Fat, accused him of plotting against him and had him blinded and thrown in a monastery.

## References
Golden Hockey Stick

The **Golden Hockey Stick** () is an award given to the top Czech ice hockey player. It was first awarded to the top player in the Czechoslovak First Ice Hockey League, beginning in the 1968–69 season. After the Czech Republic and Slovakia became separate countries in 1993, it was awarded to the top Czech player.

Jaromír Jágr has won this award more than any other player: ten times. Dominik Hašek has won it five times.

## Winners (team in parentheses)
*1969 Jan Suchý (HC Dukla Jihlava)
*1970 Jan Suchý (Dukla Jihlava)
*1971 František Pospíšil (HC Kladno)
*1972 František Pospíšil (HC Kladno)
*1973 Vladimír Martinec (HC Pardubice)
*1974 Jiří Holeček (Sparta Prague)
*1975 Vladimír Martinec (HC Pardubice)
*1976 Vladimír Martinec (HC Pardubice)
*1977 Milan Nový (HC Kladno)
*1978 Ivan Hlinka (HC Litvínov)
*1979 Vladimír Martinec (HC Pardubice)
*1980 Peter Šťastný (HC Slovan Bratislava)
*1981 Milan Nový (HC Kladno)
*1982 Milan Nový (HC Kladno)
*1983 Vincent Lukáč (HC Košice)
*1984 Igor Liba (HC Dukla Jihlava)
*1985 Jiří Králík (HC Gottwaldov)
*1986 Vladimír Růžička (HC Litvínov)
*1987 Dominik Hašek (HC Pardubice)
*1988 Vladimír Růžička (HC Dukla Trenčín)
*1989 Dominik Hašek (HC Pardubice)
*1990 Dominik Hašek (HC Dukla Jihlava)
*1991 Bedřich Ščerban (Dukla Jihlava)
*1992 Róbert Švehla (HC Dukla Trenčín)
*1993 Miloš Holaň (HC Vítkovice)
*1994 Roman Turek (HC České Budějovice)
*1995 Jaromír Jágr (Pittsburgh Penguins)
*1996 Jaromír Jágr (Pittsburgh Penguins)
*1997 Dominik Hašek (Buffalo Sabres)
*1998 Dominik Hašek (Buffalo Sabres)
*1999 Jaromír Jágr (Pittsburgh Penguins)
*2000 Jaromír Jágr (Pittsburgh Penguins)
*2001 Jiří Dopita (HC Vsetín)
*2002 Jaromír Jágr (Washington Capitals)
*2003 Milan Hejduk (Colorado Avalanche)
*2004 Robert Lang (Detroit Red Wings)
*2005 Jaromír Jágr (HC Kladno, Avangard Omsk)
*2006 Jaromír Jágr (New York Rangers)
*2007 Jaromír Jágr (New York Rangers)
*2008 Jaromír Jágr (New York Rangers)
*2009 Patrik Eliáš (New Jersey Devils)
*2010 Tomas Vokoun (Florida Panthers)
*2011 Jaromír Jágr (Avangard Omsk)
*2012 Patrik Eliáš (New Jersey Devils)
*2013 David Krejčí (Boston Bruins)
*2014 Jaromír Jágr (New Jersey Devils)
*2015 Jakub Voráček (Philadelphia Flyers)
*2016 Jaromír Jágr (Florida Panthers)
*2017 David Pastrňák (Boston Bruins)
*2018 David Pastrňák (Boston Bruins)
*2019 David Pastrňák (Boston Bruins)
*2020 David Pastrňák (Boston Bruins)
*2021 David Pastrňák (Boston Bruins)
*2022 Ondřej Palát (Tampa Bay Lightning)

## Source
* The Highest Competition in Czech Republic and Czechoslovakia
List of Medal of Honor recipients for the Vietnam War

The Vietnam War, also known as the Second Indochina War, the Vietnam Conflict, and the American War in Vietnam, took place from 1965 to 1973. It was fought between the communist Democratic Republic of Vietnam and the anticommunist Republic of Vietnam. The est conclues by the defeat of the United States, which had backed the latter.

The Medal of Honor was created during the American Civil War. It is the highest military decoration presented by the US government to a member of its armed forces. Recipients must have distinguished themselves at the risk of their own life above and beyond the call of duty in action against an enemy of the United States. The nature of the medal makes it commonly be presented after the recipient has been killed (posthumously).

During the Vietnam War, 248 Medals of Honor were received of which 156 were presented posthumously. Soldiers of the US Army received the most, at 161. The US Marines got 57, the US Navy had 16, and the remaining 14 went to the US Air Force. The first medal of the war was presented to Roger H. C. Donlon for rescuing and administering first aid to several wounded soldiers and for leading a group against an enemy force. The first African American recipient during the war was Milton L. Olive, III, who sacrificed himself to save others by smothering a grenade with his body. Riley L. Pitts was killed after attacking an enemy force with rifle fire and grenades and was the first African American commissioned officer of the war to receive the medal. Thomas Bennett was a conscientious objector who received the medal for his actions as a medic. Three chaplains received the medal, including Vincent R. Capodanno, who served with the Marine Corps and was known as the grunt padre.

## Recipients

## Unknown soldier
The unknown soldier from the Vietnam War who was buried in the Tomb of the Unknowns was authorized a Medal of Honor and in 1998 was identified as 1st Lieutenant Michael Blassie. After DNA testing confirmed his identity, the remains were removed from the tomb and returned to Blassie's family, but the Medal of Honor remained as a tribute to those veterans still unknown. The Blassie family requested that the Medal of Honor be granted to him but the request was denied by the Department of Defense.

## References
:

*
St Catharine's College, Cambridge

'''St Catharine's College** is one of the colleges of the University of Cambridge, England. It is often called just **Catz''' by the students. It was created in 1473 by Robert Wodelarke, who was the Provost (head) of King's College. At the beginning, the rules were that people could only study theology or philosophy but this changed with time. It now has about 600 students.

St Catharine's College takes its name from Catherine of Alexandria. She is the patron for learning in Christianity. The mother of King Henry VI was also called Catherine, so it is possible that the name comes from there. 

At the beginning, there was not much money for the college. There were also few students and Fellows (teachers). Over time though numbers went up. They had to make new buildings to let more students join the college. The modern first court, which only has three sides, was built between 1675 and 1757. In 1880, people started to think about joining St Catherine's College back with King's College, since they are right next to each other. However, this did not happen because the Master did not agree in the end.

Some important people have studied here, like Ian McKellen, an actor.

## Other websites 
*Official website
2034

**2034** (MMXXXIV) will be a common year starting on Sunday in the Gregorian calendar. 

## Predicted and scheduled events 
* January 1 – Books, movies, and other works published in 1938 will enter the public domain in the United States.
### Date unknown
*The 2034 Winter Olympics will be held.

### September 
* September 28 &ndash; Lunar eclipse.

### Date unknown 
* Switzerland will phase out the last of its nuclear power plants.
* Aurigny will retire the last of its Trislander fleet.
* 100th anniversary of the Carvel.

## In fiction 
* The anime comedy Copihan is set in the year 2034.

## References
2033

**2033** (MMXXXIII) will be a common year starting on Saturday in the Gregorian calendar.

## Predicted and scheduled events 
* January 1 – Books, movies, and other works published in 1937 will enter the public domain in the United States.
### Date unknown 
* The 2000th anniversary of the death and resurrection of Jesus Christ (April 33 AD)
* The final phase of Britain's HS2 rail link will be complete.
* NASA hopes to send humans to Mars.

* The ESA's Aurora programme plans to send a manned spacecraft to Mars.

## In fiction 
### Movies 
* *Death Racers* (2008): The movie depicts a second American civil war that begins in 2030 and ends in 2033 with the construction of a large prison-city similar to the situation in *Escape from New York*.
* *Tank Girl* is set in this year.
* *2033 (movie)* (2009): A Mexican science fiction movie.

### Music
* "Drive-In Saturday" (1973) by David Bowie, depicting a world placed in 2033 in which its inhabitants have forgotten how to reproduce and need to watch old porn movies to remember how it's done.

### Books 
* *Metro 2033*  is set in the year 2033, as is its video game counterpart.

### Other 
* *Svedka* vodka advertises that in the year 2033 Svedka will be the most popular vodka in the world.

## References
St Edmund's College, Cambridge

'''St Edmund's College''' is one of the colleges of the University of Cambridge, England. It only has students who are at least 21 years old. They can be both undergraduates or postgraduates. It was created in 1896 and is named after St Edmund of Abingdon who was an Archbishop of Canterbury.

The college is found northwest of the city of Cambridge. It has about 450 students. At the beginning, it mainly had Roman Catholic students because it was built a short time after they were allowed back again in the University. Now it has a very international feeling. It was only in 1998 that St Edmund's was given full college status. Before, it was only considered a "House of Residence" by the University.

Some important people have studied here, like Georges Lemaître, an astronomer. Sir Martin Evans and Amartya Sen, who both won Nobel Prizes, were Fellows (teachers) here. Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh was an Honorary Fellow.

## Other websites 
*Official website
Jonathan Motzfeldt

**Jonathan Motzfeldt** (25 September 1938 – 28 October 2010) was the first and third Prime Minister of Greenland.

## References
## Other websites
*Gyldendal encyclopedia entry
2049

## Predicted and scheduled events 
### January 
* January 1 – Books, movies, and other works published in 1953 will enter the public domain in the United States.

### May 
* May 1 - 50th anniversary of the SpongeBob SquarePants.
* May 7 &ndash; Transit of Mercury.

### December 
* December 20 &ndash; The present "One country, two systems" with Macau, guaranteed for 50 years starting from December 20, 1999 provided under the Basic Law, will expire.

### Date unknown 
* The 99-year lease in the Churchill–Roosevelt Destroyers for Bases Agreement, in which the United States traded 50 destroyers to the British Commonwealth in return for the right to use several British colonial possessions as bases, will expire, barring a renegotiation.

## In fiction 
* The technology  that allows a person to control a Custom Robo is developed by Ergo Corp., according to the Custom Robo series of video games.
* The events of the series IGPX take place.
* The Disney Channel movie Zenon: Girl of the 21st Century takes place in 2049, 50 years after the movie debuted on television in 1999.
* The video game Vectorman takes place in 2049
* The video game Miner 2049er takes place in 2049
* The video game M.A.C.H. takes place in 2049
* The video game ''When it's Over* takes place in early 2049
* The video game Nier takes place in 2049
* *T*he video game *San Francisco Rush 2049* takes place in 2049
* The video game *Crimson Tears'' is set in Tokyo in 2049

* The 2017 Film Blade Runner 2049 takes place in the year 2049
2028

**2028** (MMXXVIII) will be a leap year starting on Saturday in the Gregorian calendar.

## Predicted and scheduled events 
### April
* April 14 &ndash; Partial solar eclipse

### June 
* June 26 &ndash; Asteroid  will pass  from the Earth.

### July 
* July 21 – August 6: 2028 Summer Olympics will be held in Los Angeles, California, United States.
* July 22 &ndash; A total solar eclipse will be visible across Australia, including Sydney, and New Zealand.

### October 
* October 26 &ndash; Asteroid  will pass  from the Earth.

### November 
* November 7 &ndash; The United States presidential election will take place.

### Date unknown 
* End of replacement of A-10 Thunderbolt and F-16 Fighting Falcon fleets with F-35 Lightning II.
* Institution of African Monetary Union, bringing a common currency to members of the African Union.
* Lease on Moldauhafen port lot in Hamburg, Germany, to the Czech Republic is set to expire.
*The 2028 Summer Paralympics will be held in Los Angeles.

## In fiction 
### Computer and video games 
* *Blood II: The Chosen* (1998)
* *Carmageddon* (1997)
* *Trauma Center: New Blood* (2007)
* Zero Escape: Virtue's Last Reward (21st century)
* Phoenix Wright: Ace Attorney − Spirit of Justice (21st century)

## Movie 
* The Little Ballet Dancer (2028) Starring August Michael Peterson.

## References
Henrikh Mkhitaryan

**Henrikh Mkhitaryan** (, born 21 January 1989) is an Armenian professional footballer who plays as an attacking midfielder or winger for  club Inter Milan.

## Career statistics
### Club
### International
## Honours
**Pyunik**
*Ukrainian Premier League: 2010–11, 2011–12, 2012–13
*Ukrainian Cup: 2010–11, 2011–12, 2012–13
*Ukrainian Super Cup: 2012

**Borussia Dortmund**
*EFL Cup: 2016–17
*FA Community Shield: 2016
*UEFA Europa League: 2016–17

**Roma**
*UEFA Europa Conference League: 2021–22

**Inter Milan**
*Coppa Italia: 2022–23
*Supercoppa Italiana: 2022
*UEFA Champions League runner-up: 2022–23

**Individual**
*Armenian Footballer of the Year: 2009, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2019, 2020
*Footballer of the Year in Baltic and Commonwealth of Independent States: 2012, 2013
*Ukrainian Premier League Best Player: 2012–13
*Ukrainian Premier League Top Scorer: 2012–13
*Ukrainian Premier League Footballer of the Year: 2012
*CIS Footballer of the Year: 2012, 2013
*Bundesliga Player of the Month: April 2016
*Bundesliga Assist Leader: 2015–16
*Bundesliga Team of the Season: 2015–16
*DFB-Pokal top goalscorer: 2015–16
**kicker* Bundesliga Players' Player of the Season: 2015–16
*Premier League Goal of the Month: December 2016
* EFL Cup top assist provider: 2016–17
*Manchester United Goal of the Season: 2016–17 (vs. Sunderland, 27 December 2016)
*UEFA Europa League Squad of the Season: 2016–17

**Orders**
*First-Class Medal of Services to the Motherland: 2017

## References
## Other websites
* Henrikh Mkhitaryan at the Inter Milan website
* 
*
Air Force Instruction

An **Air Force Instruction** (**AFI**) is a documented instruction for members of the United States Air Force. It is intended for use by active duty, guard, and reserve members and associated civilians.  It is one of many forms of directives published by the Air Force Departmental Publishing Office (AFDPO).  In almost all cases, an Air Force Instruction is a form of a general order; and violation of the AFI by an Airman subject to it can be punished under the Uniform Code of Military Justice.

## References