open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Julius L. Meier

**Julius L. Meier** (December 31, 1874 - July 14, 1937) was a businessman in Portland, Oregon, and governor of Oregon. He was born in Portland to German immigrants of Jewish ancestory: Aaron, a merchant and founder of Oregon's largest department store, Meier & Frank, and Jeannette (Hirsch) Meier. He had three siblings, and was the father of Jean Ellen, Elsa Francis, and Julius L., (Jack) Jr.

He married Grace Mayer on Christmas Day, 1901, saying afterwards that it was the only day that he was allowed off from the store.

Meier graduated from the University of Oregon Law School in 1895 and practiced law with a partner, George W. Joseph for the next four years, until he went into the family's business. According to family tradition, it was at this time that he added the "L" to his name; the sign painter, who was putting his name on the door, insisted that all lawyers of substance had one and Meier suggested an "L".

Meier ran for governor as an independent candidate in 1930, winning 54.5 percent of the total vote, outdistancing his nearest competitor, Democratic candidate Edward F. Bailey, 135,608 votes to 62,434. After serving as governor, he retired to his estate above the Columbia River, "Menucha", where he later died.

His family sold Menucha to First Presbyterian Church of Portland http://www.fpcpdx.org/ in 1950, which now operates it as a conference and retreat center.  The Meier and Frank families sold the department store to the May Company in 1966.  With May's sale to Federated in 2005, the store was renamed "Macy's" in September, 2006.

## Other websites 
* Julius L. Meier 1931-1935  (Official biography at Oregon State Library website)
* Menucha Retreat & Conference Center Website
The Wild Thornberrys: Animal Adventures

***The Wild Thornberrys: Rambler*** is an Action-Adventure video game, developed by Know Wonder Inc. and published by Mattel Interactive. It was released only for the PlayStation in October 26, 2000. *The Wild Thornberrys: Animal Adventures* is the only video game in the series was made for the PlayStation console.

## Gameplay 
**I**nvolves the characters of the Nickelodeon cartoon The Wild Thornberrys with Action-adventure styled gameplay.

## Development 
*The Wild Thornberrys: Animal Adventures* was heavily designed by the *Know Wonder Inc.* for Mattel only on the PlayStation onsole.

## Critical reception 
The game received mixed to negative reviews.

IGN gave the game a rating of 40/100. Nintendo Power gave the game a 2 out of 5.

## Reference 
# ↑ The Wild Thornberrys: Rambler - Game Boy Color - IGN. au.ign.com. Retrieved on 2014-09-01.
# ↑ The Wild Thornberrys: Rambler Critic Reviews for Game Boy Color - GameFAQs. gamefaqs.com. Retrieved on 2014-09-01.
Borgo San Lorenzo

**Borgo San Lorenzo** is a *comune* in the Metropolitan City of Florence in the Italian region of Tuscany.
Cyberattack

**Cyberattack** is a term in computer science. It is any attempt to alter, disable, destroy, steal or get into or make unauthorized use of a computer system. 

An attacker is a person or process that attempts to access data, functions, or other restricted areas of the system without authorization. Malicious intent is assumed.
 
Cyberattacks can be part of cyberwarfare or cyberterrorism. A cyberattack can be done by sovereign states, individuals, groups, society, or organizations. It may start from an anonymous source. A product that helps a cyberattack is sometimes called a cyberweapon.

A cyberattack may steal, alter, or destroy a specified target by hacking into a susceptible system. Cyberattacks can range from installing spyware on a personal computer to attempting to destroy the infrastructure of entire nations. 

## References 
## Related pages 
*Cybersecurity
Incisa in Val d'Arno

'''Incisa in Val d'Arno'* was a *comune'' in the Metropolitan City of Florence in the Italian region of Tuscany. On 1 January 2014, the former municipalities of Figline Valdarno and Incisa in Val d'Arno merged to form the new municipality of Figline e Incisa Valdarno.
Figline e Incisa Valdarno

**Figline e Incisa Valdarno** is a *comune* in the Metropolitan City of Florence in the Italian region of Tuscany. It was created on 1 January 2014 from the former municipalities of Figline Valdarno and Incisa in Val d'Arno.
Alexander

**Alexander** is a male given name. It comes from the Greek word Ἀλέξανδρος (*Aléxandros*), which means the "defender of men" (from ἀλέξειν (*aléxein*) - "to defend", and ἀνδρός (*andrós*) - "man").

## People 
* Trent Alexander-Arnold, an English professional footballer. He plays for Premier League club Liverpool and the England national team. He plays as a right-back. He was born in West Derby, Liverpool.
* Alexander Pushkin, Russian poet, playwright, and novelist (1799–1837)
* Alexander Graham Bell, British-born American scientist and inventor known for the telephone (1847–1922)
Aiguines

**Aiguines** is a commune of 272 people (2018). It is in Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur in the Var department in southeast France.

## References
Incarnations of Nongthang Leima

In Meitei folklore, mythology and religion, Nongthang Leima, the primordial goddess of thunder and lightning, dance and music, charming and seduction, is said to have multiple divine incarnations in the forms of many feminine beings.

## Incarnations 
## Related page 
* Incarnations of Leimarel Sidabi
## References 
## Other websites 
* 
*
Habermann (movie)

***Habermann*** () is a 2010 Czech German Austrian war drama movie directed by Juraj Herz and starring Mark Waschke, Hannah Herzsprung, Wilson Gonzalez Ochsenknecht, Karel Roden, Franziska Weisz, Ben Becker, Andrej Hryc.

## Other websites
*
Yellow tree frog

The **yellow tree frog**, '''Underwood's yellow tree frog**, **small-headed tree frog**, **yellow cricket tree frog**, or **small-headed dwarf tree frog'* (*Dendropsophus microcephalus'') is a frog that lives in Mexico, the Guianas, Colombia, Costa Rica, Honduras, Venezuela, and Brazil.

This frog is larger or smaller depending on where it lives.  In Honduras, the adult male frog can be as long as 27 mm long from nose to rear end and the adult female frog can be 29 mm long.  In Mexico, the adult female frog can be 30.6 cm long.

This frog changes color.  At night, it is light yellow or light brown with red or dark brown markings.

This frog does not live deep in forests.  Instead, it leaves near open areas, for example pastures and forests that humans have changed.

This frog lays eggs in temporary bodies of water, for example ditches.  The males sing for the females.  Sometimes, the males will sing together, like in a chorus.

## References
Charles A. Sprague

**Charles A. Sprague** (November 12, 1887 – March 13, 1969) was the elected Governor of Oregon, and an active spokesman for the progressive portion of the Republican party. He was a publisher and editor of the Oregon Statesman. 

## Early life and education 
Sprague was born in Lawrence, Kansas on November 12, 1887. 

From an early age, Sprague was devoted to education. At age 19, he briefly served as a high school principal in Iowa. At age 28, he served as an assistant state superintendent of public school education in the state of Washington.

He attended Monmouth College, in Illinois, graduating in 1910.

## References
Florida's 27th congressional district

'''Florida's 27th congressional district''' is a congressional district in the U.S. state of Florida. Republican Maria Elvira Salazar is the representative since elected in 2021. It contains all of Florida, including the cities of Miami, Miami Beach, Coral Gables, and Kendall. The neighborhood of Little Havana is in this district. 

## References
Hiroshi Mikitani

**Hiroshi Mikitani** (三木谷浩史, *Mikitani Hiroshi*), born March 11, 1965, is a Japanese businessperson and writer. He is the founder, chairman and CEO of Rakuten, Inc. He is the president of Crimson Group, chairman of the football club Vissel Kobe, the Tokyo Philharmonic Orchestra, and a board member of Lyft. 

## Early life 
Mikitani was born in 1965 and grew up in Kobe, Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan. 

## Education 
Mikitani earned a bachelor's degree in Commerce from Hitotsubashi University. 

## Career 
Mikitani began his career at the Industrial Bank of Japan with a break to attend Harvard Business School. He left to create his own consulting company, Crimson Group. Mikitani said that the destruction caused by the devastating 1995 Kobe earthquake made him realize he wanted to help revitalize Japan’s economy, so he quit banking and decided to start his own business.

After an earthquake in Kobe caused enormous damage to the area, making it so that the Vissel Kobe football club could no longer be maintained, Mikitani was asked to take over operations of the team. He purchased the team later that year through his company, Crimson Group. 

## Awards 
Mikitani was awarded the Harvard Business School Alumni Achievement Award. He was also named to Prime Minister Shinzō Abe's Industrial Competitiveness Council. Additionally, he was awarded the rank of Chevalier of the National Order of the Legion of Honour by the French government. He was also awarded the Order of Merit of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg and the 2017 Spain-Japan Business Contribution Award by the Spanish Chamber of Commerce. 

## Books 
*• Principles for Success* (2007)

*• 92 Golden Rules of Success*

*• Marketplace 3.0: Rewriting the Rules of Borderless Business* (St. Martin's Press, 2013)

• *The Power to Compete: An Economist and an Entrepreneur on Revitalizing Japan in the Global Economy* (with Ryoichi Mikitani, John Wiley & Sons, 2014)

• *Business-Do: The Way to Successful Leadership* (John Wiley & Sons, 2018)

## References
Akshaye Khanna

**Akshaye Vinod Khanna** (born 28 March 1975) is an Indian actor who appears in Hindi movies. He has received two Filmfare Awards and is the son of late actor Vinod Khanna. After studying in Kishore Namit Kapoor Acting Institute in Mumbai, he made his acting debut in Bollywood in 1997 with the movie *Himalay Putra*. His next release *Border* (1997) emerged as a critical and commercial success, earning him the Filmfare Best Debut Award and a nomination for Filmfare Award for Best Supporting Actor.

Khanna became famous with starring roles in the musical romantic drama *Taal* (1999), the comedy drama *Dil Chahta Hai* (2001) which won him a Filmfare Award for Best Supporting Actor, the romantic thriller *Humraaz* (2002) for which he was nominated in the Best Negative Role category, the romantic comedies *Hungama* (2003) and *Hulchul* (2004), the murder mystery *36 China Town* (2006), the action thriller *Race* (2008) and the heist comedy *Tees Maar Khan* (2010), and he continued to draw praise for his performances in the 1999 romance *Dahek*, the 2002 psychological thriller *Deewangee*, the 2007 biographical drama *Gandhi, My Father* and the 2010 action thriller movie *Aakrosh*.

In 2016, after a four-year break from acting, he came back and played an antagonist in the action-comedy movie *Dishoom* and appeared as an investigative cop in two 2017 thrillers, the crime movie *Mom* and the murder mystery *Ittefaq*.He then received widespread acclaim in 2025 for his portrayal of Aurangzeb in the historical action *Chhaava* and Rehman Dakait in the spy action thriller *Dhurandhar*; the films emerged as the third highest and highest grossing films of the year respectively.
Webdings

]]
**Webdings** is a typeface made out of dingbats. The design was made in 1997 by Vincent Connare, Sue Lightfoot, Ian Patterson, and Geraldin Wade. It was put in Microsoft's  of typefaces called the Core fonts for the Web. Many of the characters from Webdings were put in Unicode in  7.0.

One of the characters is a levitating businessman. Vincent Connare made the character look similar to the logo of 2 Tone Records. It was put in Unicode with the code . The character of a lightning bolt was made to look similar to the one in David Bowie's album *Aladdin Sane*.

## References
Germany national under-20 football team

The **Germany national under-20 football team**, also known as Germany Under-20s or Germany U20(s), are the under-20s for Germany. It is currently controlled by the German Football Association (*Deutscher Fußball-Bund*).

## Competitive record 
### Competing as West Germany 
#### FIFA World Youth Championship record 
### Competing as Germany 
#### FIFA World Youth Championship/U-20 World Cup record 
## Players 
### Current squad 
**Note:** Names in *italics* denote players who have been capped by Germany in a higher age group.

: *Caps and goals as of .*

### Recent callups 
; Notes

* INJ Player withdrew from the squad due to an injury.
* WD Player withdrew from the squad due to non-injury issue.

## Records 
### FIFA U-20 World Cup 
* Winner (19811)
* Runners-up (19871)

; Notes

*  = *as West Germany*
* 2 = *as East Germany*

## Awards 
### FIFA U-20 World Cup 
**Individual**

* Silver Ball: Michael Zorc (1981)
* Bronze Ball: Roland Wohlfarth (1981), Marcel Witeczek (1987)
* Golden Shoe: Marcel Witeczek (1987)
* Silver Shoe: Ralf Loose (1981), Roland Wohlfarth (1981)
* Bronze Shoe: Marc Stendera (2015)

**Team**

* FIFA Fair Play Award: 1987

## Related pages 
* Germany national football team
* Germany national under-21 football team

## References 
## Other websites 
* Germany Youth National Teams
A♭ (musical note)

**A** (**A-flat**; also called **la bémol**) is the first note of the A♭ major scale. A/G is the only note to have only one other enharmonic.

## Designation by octave
## Scales
### Common scales beginning on A
*A Major: A B C D E F G A
*A Natural Minor: A B C D E F G A
*A Harmonic Minor: A B C D E F G A
*A Melodic Minor Ascending: A B C D E F G A
*A Melodic Minor Descending: A G F E D C B A
Hypixel

**Hypixel**, also known as the **Hypixel Network**, is a *Minecraft* server released on April 13, 2013, by Simon "Hypixel" Collins-Laflamme and Philippe Touchette. Hypixel is available only on the Java Edition of *Minecraft*. Hypixel is considered to be the largest currently active *Minecraft* server, with an average of 40,000 players online as of 2024. 

The server focuses on "mini-games", which are games that players can play in the server. The most popular ones are Skyblock, Skywars, and Bedwars. The current most active mini-game is Skyblock, with just about 20,000 players on average. There are a total of nearly 70 mini-games on Hypixel. Out of these, 19 are found in the "Arcade" category.

## Gameplay 
Hypixel is a *Minecraft* server that can be accessed from the game's multiplayer screen. Players can choose over 60 game modes to play, which involve combat (e.g. Skywars, Hardcore Survival), teamwork (e.g. Wool Walls), or abstract skill (e.g. Turbo Kart Racers, similar to *Mario Kart*). 

Skyblock, the server's most popular game mode, is similar to survival *Minecraft*, but takes places on multiple 'islands' in the sky. Having no set goal, players usually focus on improving their skills, slaying monsters, and fighting strong bosses.

## Community 
Hypixel is known for being the largest *Minecraft* server in the game's history. To help with the large player base, Hypixel hires many administrators and helpers to aid newcomers, punish rule-breakers, and keep the server friendly and fair. The server is also known for having a wide range of game modes, such as Bedwars, Skywars, and Survival Games. Games can be played with friends or other players using a party system.

## References
Pati Patni Aur Woh

***Pati Patni Aur Woh*** () is a 2019 Indian Hindi-language romantic comedy movie directed by Mudassar Aziz and produced by B.R. Studios & T-Series. The movie stars Kartik Aaryan, Bhumi Pednekar and Ananya Panday. Aparshakti Khurana, Rajesh Sharma, Manu Rishi and Sunny Singh play supporting roles while Kriti Sanon has a special appearance.

Principal photography began on 4 February 2019. The movie was released theatrically worldwide on 6 December 2019. The movie received positive reviews and was successful at the box office and grossed 1.17 billion.

## Cast 
* Kartik Aaryan as Abhinav 'Chintu' Tyagi
* Bhumi Pednekar as Vedika Tyagi (née Tripathi)
* Ananya Panday as Tapasya Singh
* Aparshakti Khurana as Fahim Abdul Rizvi, Chintu's friend
* Manu Rishi as Inspector Mukhtar Singh
* Rajesh Sharma as Prem Tripathi, Vedika's father
* K. K. Raina as Arvind Tyagi, Chintu's father
* Navni Parihar as Kusum Tyagi, Chintu's mother
* Neeraj Sood as Brijesh Kumar Pandey, Vedika's uncle in Kanpur
* **Geeta Agarwal Sharma** as Hemlata Tripathi, Vedika's mother
* **Shubham Kumar** as Rakesh Yadav, Vedika's student
* Sunny Singh as Durgesh 'Doga' Kanojia, Vedika's boyfriend
* Kriti Sanon as Neha Khanna (special appearance)
* Jimmy Sheirgill as the narrator of the movie

## References
Esclainvillers

**Esclainvillers** is a commune. It is in Hauts-de-France in the Somme department in north France.

## References
Oswald West

**Oswald West** (May 20, 1873- August 22, 1960) was an American politician, a Democrat, who served most notably as the 14th Governor of the state Oregon.

West was born in Ontario, Canada but moved to Salem, Oregon with his family at the age of four where he attended school and eventually went into banking.  After several years as a banker in Salem and Astoria, Oregon and a six month stint searching for gold in Alaska West gained an appointment to the State Land Commission.  He proved effective in his position with the State Land Commission recovering almost 1 million acres of fraudulently held state land. After leaving the Land Commission he earned a term the Oregon Railroad Commission where he again found a great deal of success.

In 1910 he gained the Democratic nomination for Governor and went on to defeat his opponent and take the office.  While in office West defended what he called the "Oregon System" which included initiative and referendum systems still in use in many western American states today. These systems led to women's suffrage, prohibition and various workers rights laws (Including a 1913 law that established a minimum wage) being put in to action under his lead.  All pet issues of Governor West.

West's most notable work was in protecting the state's natural resources.  It was under his administration the beaches bordering the Pacific Ocean were protected for public use; the office of State Forester and the Bureau of Forestry were established; and the Fish Commission and Game Commission were created.

West served only one term, opting not to run for re-election in the 1914 election.  He instead moved his family to Portland, Oregon where he practiced law.  He died in Portland on August 22 1960.

Oswald West State Park on the Oregon coast was named in his honor.

## References
Montelupo Fiorentino

**Montelupo Fiorentino** is a *comune* in the Metropolitan City of Florence in the Italian region of Tuscany.
Apokpa

An **Apokpa** or an **Apokpi** is an ancestral deity belonging to one particular clan or family, often prevailed in the Meitei religion (Sanamahism). Almost all the clans and the families of the Meitei ethnicity worship their ancestors having separate pantheons dedicated to them.

## Other websites
* 
* 
* 
* 

## References
Courtenay Bartholomew

**Courtenay Felix Bartholomew** (1931 – 7 May 2021) was a Trinidad and Tobago physician, scientist, and author. He founded and directed the Medical Research Foundation of Trinidad and Tobago. 

Bartholomew  was active in HIV/AIDS research. He diagnosed the first case of AIDS in the English-speaking Caribbean. He also led HIV vaccine trials and research on retroviruses with US institutions.
Karl Wirsum

**Karl Wirsum** (1939 – May 6, 2021) was an American artist who was a member of the Chicago artistic group The Hairy Who, and helped set the foundation for Chicago's art scene in the 1970s. Although he was primarily a painter, he also worked with prints, sculpture, and even digital art.
Jay Bowerman

**Jay Bowerman** (August 15, 1876 &ndash; October 25, 1957) was an American politician, a Republican, who served most notably as the 13th Governor of Oregon.

Bowerman was born in Hesper, Iowa, the son of Daniel and Lydia (Battey) Bowerman. His siblings were named Ralph,  Martha and Mary.

He received his early education in public schools of Hesper, then moved to Salem, Oregon in 1893. He entered Willamette University that same year and graduated with a law degree in 1896 at the age of twenty. He was admitted to the Oregon Bar the following year, practicing law in Salem until 1899. He then moved to Condon, in Gilliam County, Oregon, where he lived for the next twelve years. There he became a law partner of H. H. Henricks. Bowerman's service in the Spanish-American War briefly interrupted his practice of the law. 

He married Elizabeth Hoover in 1903 and together they had three children: William, Daniel and Elizabeth. However, the couple divorced and Bowerman married Wayfe Hockett in 1914; this marriage produced two further children, Sally and Jayne. 

He was elected to the Oregon State Senate from Gilliam County in 1904 and was reelected four years later. He served as president of that body from 1909 to 1911. When Governor Frank W. Benson was incapacitated by ill health in June 1910, he asked Bowerman. as President of the Senate, to assume gubernatorial responsibilities. On June 16, 1910, at age thirty-three, Bowerman became Acting Governor. 

Mindful of bureaucratic economy, Bowerman advocated establishment of a Board of Control to administer the state institutions, which would permit fiscal savings by combined purchasing for state institutions through the office of a single purchasing agent. However, the Board of Control was not established until the administration of his successor. He acted to reduce the risk of loss through bank failure by prohibiting Oregon bankers from the use of speculative stock as assets if they had actively promoted that stock. In 1904 the citizens of Oregon adopted a direct primary law prohibiting party nominating conventions. But establishment Republicans, unwilling to relinquish party control over nominations, held an "assembly" in 1910 at which they nominated Bowerman as their candidate for governor. He was therefore cast in the role of opponent of the "Oregon System" of direct government by his Democratic gubernatorial rival, Oswald West. Bowerman campaigned on a platform supporting modernized highway systems, increased economies in the administration of government, and continued tight control of state land management. West defeated him, however, 54,853 votes to 48,751.

After leaving the office of governor on January 8, 1911, Bowerman moved to Portland, where he resumed the practice of law. He was reelected President of the State Senate but retired following the 1911 session. As a private citizen he actively supported Oregon's first statewide bond issue for highway construction, a $6,000,000 proposal. He also served as an active lobbyist for years at the State Legislature. He died in Portland in 1957.
Pleiskirchen

**Pleiskirchen** (Bavarian: *Pleiskircha*) is a municipality in Altötting, a district (*Landkreis*) in Upper Bavaria.

## References
2017–2018 United States flu season

The **2017-2018 flu season** was a flu season of high severity in the United States. Influenza-like illness (ILI) has a high rate of outpatient and emergency clinic visits, and a high rate of influenza-related hospitalizations, and influenza activities have been on the rise for a long period of time and are widely distributed geographically. In 2017, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention began using a new method to classify seasonal severity and applied the method to the seasons from 2003-2004 to 2016-2017. The 2017-18 season was the first season to be classified as highly serious among all age groups. 

## Origin 
In the 2017-2018 season, influenza-like illness (ILI) activities began to increase in November, and reached a long period of high activity nationwide in January and February, and continued until the end of March. The peak of ILI was 7.5%, the highest percentage since the 2009 influenza pandemic (7.7%). Influenza-like illness (ILI) reached or exceeded the national benchmark for 19 weeks, making 2017-2018 one of the longest seasons in recent years.

## Infections and Deaths 
According to the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), there are no reports of childhood flu deaths nationwide. To monitor influenza-related deaths of all ages, the CDC tracks deaths caused by pneumonia and influenza (P&I) through the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) mortality reporting system. The system tracks the proportion of death certificates that list pneumonia or influenza as a potential cause of death. The system provides an overall indication of whether influenza-related mortality has increased, but does not provide an exact number to indicate the number of deaths from influenza. During the 2017-2018 season, the percentage of deaths due to pneumonia and influenza (P&I) reached or exceeded the epidemic threshold for 16 consecutive weeks.
Kelly Oubre Jr.

**Kelly Paul Oubre Jr.** (born December 9, 1995) is an American professional basketball player. He plays for the Philadelphia 76ers of the National Basketball Association (NBA). Oubre has also played for the Washington Wizards, Phoenix Suns, Charlotte Hornets, and Golden State Warriors.
Homeric Greek

**Homeric Greek** is the language used by Homer (in his epics: The *Iliad* and *Odyssey*) and by Hesiod.  It is also known as **Epic Greek**.

It is called Epic Greek because it was used as the language of epic poetry. This is usually in dactylic hexameter, by poets such as Hesiod and Theognis of Megara. Compositions in Epic Greek  disappeared with the rise of Koine Greek.

## Further reading 
*Colvin, Stephen C. 2007. *A historical Greek reader: Mycenaean to the koiné.* Oxford: Oxford University Press.
*Edwards, G. Patrick. 1971. *The language of Hesiod in its traditional context.* Oxford: Blackwell.
*Hackstein, Olav. 2010. "The Greek of epic." In *A companion to the Ancient Greek language.* Edited by Egbert J. Bakker, 401–23. Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell.

## References
Umang Lai

The **Umang Lai** (/oo-mang laai/) is a class of deities which dwell in the forests in Meitei mythology, folklore and religion. The term "Umang" means "forest" and "Lai" means "deity" in Meitei language (Manipuri language). The cults of these deities vary from community to community.

## List of deities 
## Related pages 
* Classes of deities in Meitei religion

## References 
## Other websites
Classes of deities in Meitei religion

In Sanamahism (Meitei religion), there are four major classes of deities. These are the Apokpas, the Imung Lais, the Lam Lais and the Umang Lais.
# Apokpa - The Apokpa is a class of deities which are regarded as the ancestors of the mankind. Every family and clan has their ancestral deity each. For example, the Khuman Apokpa is the Apokpa of the Khuman dynasty.
# Imung Lai - The Imung Lai is a class of deities which dwell inside the household of the mankind. They are the protectors and the protectresses of the living house.
# Lam Lai - The Lam Lai is a class of deities which dwell in the villages and countrysides. The feminine form of "Lam Lai" is "Lam Leima".
# Umang Lai - The Umang Lai is a class of deities which dwell in the forests and woods. They are the protectors and the protectresses of the woodlands. Notably, the Umang Lai sacred groves are preserved in dedication to them.
Sometimes, some scholars classify the classes into three, excluding the Apokpa.

## References
Apokpa Marup

The **Apokpa Marup** or the **Apokpa Laining** is a modern religious denomination of Sanamahism, the primitive Meitei religion, founded by Laininghal Naoriya Phullo in 1930 in Cachar, Assam. It was founded in the goal of reviving the suppressed old paganism of the Meitei ethnicity in the then Manipur.

## References
Metal toxicity

**Metal toxicity** or **metal poisoning** is the negative effect certain metals have on living things (including humans) when they are found in high enough doses. Most heavy metals are toxic but some heavy metals (like iron) are essential for life. Elements that we need in our body may also be toxic when in high doses. When a metal is inside the body enough to cause negative effects it is called metal toxicity. Some metals may cause different symptoms of their toxicity to others. 

## Testing and treatment for poisoning 
People are always being exposed to metals in the environment. Medical tests can find metals in human bodies but these do not show that a person is poisoned. Metal screening tests should not be used unless there is reason to believe that a person has had been exposed to excess metals.

A treatment for metal poisoning may be chelation therapy. Chelation is a type of bonding of ions and metals.

## References
Washi

***Washi*** (和紙) is a traditional Japanese paper. The term is used to describe paper that uses local fiber, processed by hand and made in the traditional way. *Washi* is made with fibers from the inner bark of the gampi tree, the mitsumata shrub, or the paper mulberry bush. As a Japanese craft, it is registered as a UNESCO intangible cultural heritage.

Washi is tougher than ordinary paper made from wood pulp. It is used in many traditional arts. Origami, Shodo, and Ukiyo-e were all produced using washi. Washi was also used to make many goods like clothes, household goods, and toys. It was even used to make wreaths that were given to winners in the 1998 Winter Paralympics.

## References
Deux Rivières

**Deux Rivières** is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Yonne department in central France. The municipality was created on 1 January 2017 and consists of the former communes of Cravant (the seat) and Accolay.

## Related pages 
* Communes of the Yonne department

## References 
* INSEE
Andrew Symonds

, 2008|alt=Symonds during the third day of the second Test against India at the Sydney Cricket Ground in 2008.]]
**Andrew Symonds** (9 June 1975 &ndash; 14 May 2022) was an Australian cricketer. He played all three formats as a batting all-rounder. He was a key member of the Australian side that won the World Cup twice in 2003 and 2007. 

Symonds was a right-handed middle order batsman and was both a medium pace and off-spin bowler. He was also remembered for his fielding skills. He played 26 Tests and 198 ODIs for Australia. He was often known by the nickname "Roy". He retired from all forms of cricket in 2012.

Symonds was born in Birmingham, England. He was adopted by an English couple, Barbara and Ken Symonds. One of his biological parents was of West Indian ancestry and the other was believed to be of Danish or Swedish background. Shortly after his adoption, the family moved to Queensland, Australia. He grew up in Charters Towers and on the Gold Coast. He lived in Townsville and had two children.

Symonds was killed in a car crash at Hervey Range, near Townsville, on 14 May 2022. He was 46.

## References
## Other websites
*Andrew Symonds at ESPNcricinfo
*
The Cow (movie)

***The Cow*** (, ***Gāv*** or ***Gav***) is a 1969 Iranian drama movie directed by Dariush Mehrjui and was based on the novel and play by Gholam-Hossein Saedi. It stars Ezzatollah Entezami, Jamshid Mashayekhi, Ali Nassirian, Jafar Vali.

## Other websites
*
Haris Seferović

**Haris Seferović** (born 22 February 1992) is a Swiss football player. He plays as a striker for Emirati club Al Wasl and the Switzerland national team. 

## Career statistics
### Club
### International
:''Scores and results list Switzerland's goal tally first, score column indicates score after each Seferovic goal.''
*Bosnian U19 Football Player of the Year: 2009
*Swiss Player of the Year: 2019
*Primeira Liga Team of the Year: 2018–19, 2020–21
*Primeira Liga Player of the Month: March 2021
*Primeira Liga Forward of the Month: February 2019, March 2021

## References
Rignano sull'Arno

'''Rignano sull'Arno'* is a *comune'' in the Metropolitan City of Florence in the Italian region of Tuscany.
Luhansk

**Luhansk** (; ) is a city in eastern Ukraine, near the border with Russia. It is the administrative center of the Luhansk Oblast. In 2020, 401,297 people lived there.

## History
At the Lukhansk airport, Ukrainian soldiers were fighting from May to September 2024.
Loss of Ukrainian control of the Lukhansk airport:
On the night of September 1, 2014 the last remaining Ukrainian soldiers left the ruined airport; It was defended for 146 days.

## References
Zeolite

**Zeolites** are a type of mineral made of mostly alumina and silica (an aluminosilicate). They are microporous, meaning they contain tiny holes called pores. Zeolite is commonly used in commercial absorbants and catalysts. In addition to natural zeolite rocks, many synthetic zeolites have been made by people.

The name *zeolite* was given in 1756 by Swedish mineralogist Axel Fredrik Cronstedt. He called the material *zeolite*, from the Greek ζέω (zéō), meaning "to boil" and λίθος (líthos), meaning "stone".

## Occurrence
Natural zeolites form where volcanic rocks and ash react with alkaline groundwater. Zeolites found in nature are almost never pure. They are contaminated by other minerals, metals, quartz, or other zeolites.

## Uses 
Zeolites can be used in domestic and commercial water purification, water softening, and other uses. Zeolites were also found to help silver naturally emit light, which may compete with fluorescent lights or LEDs.

Zeolites can be used to store solar heat harvested from solar thermal collectors. The largest use for zeolite is the global laundry detergent market.

Synthetic zeolites are widely used in the chemical industry. The crystal structure of synthetic zeolite can be carefully designed to control the size of the pores, allowing it to serve as a molecular sieve that separates molecules by shape and size. The structure can also be designed to control how it acts as a catalyst, or as a scaffold for other crystals to be grown on.

## References
Pontassieve

**Pontassieve** is an Italian town in Tuscany. It has about 20,600 inhabitants.

## Twin towns 
*  Griesheim, Germany
*  Saint-Genis-Laval, France
*  Tifariti, Western Sahara
*  Znojmo, Czech Republic
Primary School Leaving Examination

The **Primary School Leaving Examination** (**PSLE**) is a national examination in Singapore that is administered by the Ministry of Education and taken by all students near the end of their sixth year in primary school before they move on to secondary school.

## References
Singapore-Cambridge GCE Ordinary Level

The **Singapore-Cambridge General Certificate of Education Ordinary Level (O-level)** examination is a national examination held annually in Singapore. The examinations are jointly conducted by the University of Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), Singapore's Ministry of Education (MOE) as well as the Singapore Examinations and Assessment Board (SEAB).

## References
Government of Singapore

The **Government of the Republic of Singapore** is stated by the constitution to mean the executive branch of government, which is made up of the President and the Cabinet of Singapore. Although the President acts in their personal discretion in the exercise of certain functions as a check on the Cabinet and Parliament of Singapore, their role is largely ceremonial. It is the Cabinet, which has the Prime Minister and other ministers appointed on their advice by the President, that generally controls the Government. The Cabinet is formed by the political party that gains a simple majority in each general election.

## Other websites
*YouTube profile
Cabinet of Singapore

The **Cabinet of Singapore** forms the (executive branch) of Singapore together with the President of Singapore. It is led by the Prime Minister of Singapore who is the head of government. The Prime Minister is a Member of Parliament (MP) appointed by the President who selects a person that in his or her view is likely to command the confidence of a majority of the Parliament of Singapore. The other members of the Cabinet are Ministers who are Members of Parliament appointed by the President on the Prime Minister's advice.
Constitution of Singapore

The **Constitution of the Republic of Singapore** is the supreme law of Singapore. It is the only constitution Singapore has had as a sovereign country, and came into effect in 1965. It is largely based on the 1963 Constitution of the *state* of Singapore, which was when Singapore was part of the country of Malaysia, but also of the constitution of that country. 

The constitution sets out the framework for the republic of Singapore, including a President, who is elected every six years, and a Prime Minister. The Prime Minister leads the government and is appointed by the President, but is responsible to the Parliament and must be accepted by it. Singapore's constitution is also based on the Westminster system, which means all ministers must be members of Parliament (MPs). If they, including the Prime Minister, are not elected to Parliament, they cannot remain in their position. The judiciary also has a strong role in the constitution, with judges acting independently of the President, the government and the Parliament. Judges are appointed for a long time, and cannot be removed except for misconduct. The highest court is the Supreme Court of Singapore, which was set up in 1970, five years after the constitution. 

Changing the constitution demands a two-thirds majority vote in the Parliament. However, to change the scope and sovereignty of the country, such as becoming a part of Malaysia again, a referendum showing the support of two-thirds of all voters is required. The constitution is changed from time to time, including to create MPs who are not elected in constituencies, i.e. by the voters, but to introduce representation for others who do not get the support of voters. These are called NMPs and NCMPs. In changing the constitution and some other matters, they are not allowed to vote.
Dendropsophus dutrai

The **Dendropsophus dutrai** is a frog that lives in Brazil.  Scientists have only seen it in Areia Branca.

## References
Workers' Party of Singapore

The '''Workers' Party of Singapore**, officially known as **The Workers' Party** (abbreviation **WP'''), is a major centre-left political party in Singapore. The party supports democratic socialism and social democracy. Alongside the governing People's Action Party, it is one of the oldest parties active in the country, having contested every election since 1959. It was founded by Mr David Marshall on 3 November 1957, and was the first party to win the majority of the votes under Mr Marshall before People's Action Party took over on 30 May 1959. Since then, it still is an active party and one of the three main parties in the Singapore Parliament.

## References
A627(M) motorway

The **A627(M)** is a motorway that runs between Chadderton and Rochdale in Greater Manchester, England. It is  long and connects these two towns to the M62. It opened in 1972.

## Junctions
## References
DanTDM

**Daniel Robert Middleton** (born 8 November 1991), better known online as **DanTDM** (formerly **TheDiamondMinecart**), is an English YouTuber, gamer, actor and author known for his video game commentaries. His online video channels have covered many video games including *Minecraft*, *Roblox* and *Pokémon*.

## Personal life 
In June 2013, when his channel got to 100,000 subscribers, he posted a video showing his face for the first time ever.

Middleton married his girlfriend, Jemma, on 17 March 2013. They have a son, called Asher, who was born on 5 January 2020.They had another son, named Miles, who was born on 22 November 2022. On 6 September 2023, he posted on Twitter and Instagram of the death his dog, Ellie. Later posting a video on YouTube named "goodbye ellie". 

## Filmography 
## Awards and nominations 
* Guinness World Record for "Most goals scored in a game of *Rocket League* for a team of 2" (shared with Tom Cassell aka "TheSyndicateProject"). and "Most goals scored in a game of Rocket League (team of three)."
* Guinness World Record for "Most views for a dedicated Minecraft video channel".
* Nickelodeon Kids' Choice Awards in the category UK Favourite Tipster: 2015. and 2016.
* Nickelodeon Kids' Choice Awards in the category UK Favourite Gamer 2020.

## Books 
* 
* 

## References
## Notes
## Other websites 
* 
* 
* Official Twitter account
Coleman, Alberta

**Coleman** is a community in the Rocky Mountains within the Municipality of Crowsnest Pass in southwest Alberta, Canada.

## References
Monroe Hayward

**Monroe Leland Hayward** (December 22, 1840 – December 5, 1899) was an American lawyer and politician. He was a Republican. He was elected to become a U.S. Senator from Nebraska in March 1899. However, he died in late 1899, before taking the oath of office.

Hayward was born in Willsboro, New York. He served in the Union Army during the American Civil War. He studied law in Whitewater, Wisconsin. His son, William Hayward, was a lawyer and commander of the Harlem Hellfighters during World War I. His grandson was Broadway producer Leland Hayward. The actress and writer Brooke Hayward is his great-granddaughter.

Hayward died in Nebraska City on December 5, 1899, while comatose. He was 58.

## References
Willsboro, New York

**Willsboro** is a town in Essex County, New York, United States. As of the 2020 census, the town had a population of 1,905.

## References
Eamonn Holmes

**Eamonn Holmes**  (born 3 December 1959) is a broadcaster and former journalist from Northern Ireland. Holmes co-presented *GMTV* for 12 years between 1995 and 2005 and presented *Sky News Sunrise* for 11 years between 2005 and 2016. Between 2006 and January 2021, he co-hosted *This Morning* with his wife Ruth Langsford on Fridays, since 2021 during the summer holidays only. He has also presented *Good Morning Britain* (2016-2017), *Gift Wrapped* and *How the Other Half Lives* (2015-present) and ''It's Not Me, It's You''. He is currently a presenter for GB News. Holmes is an advocate of numerous charities and causes including Dogs Trust, Variety GB and Northern Ireland Kidney Patients' Association.

## Early life and education
Holmes was educated at Holy Family Primary School and St Malachy's College, Belfast. He then studied journalism at the Dublin College of Business Studies. He had a wife named Gabrielle Holmes (now ex-wife), but they did not fell in love. He now has another wife, Ruth Langsford (now **Ruth Holmes**).
Hum Tum

***Hum Tum*** () is a 2004 Indian Hindi-language romantic comedy movie. It was directed by Kunal Kohli. It was produced by Aditya Chopra under Yash Raj Films. The movie stars Saif Ali Khan and Rani Mukherjee. The special effects were done by Tata Elxsi. The movie was released on May 28, 2004. It received positive reviews and was a box office success.
## Awards
*Hum Tum* received 7 nominations at the 50th Filmfare Awards. It won 5 awards, including Best Director (Kohli), Best Actress (Mukherjee), Best Comedian (Khan), Best Female Playback Singer (Alka Yagnik), and Best Scene of the Year. At the 52nd National Film Awards in 2005, Khan was awarded the National Film Award for Best Actor.

## Cast 
* Saif Ali Khan as Karan Kapoor
* Rani Mukherji as Rhea Prakash
* Rishi Kapoor as Arjun Kapoor, Karan's father
* Kirron Kher as Parminder "Bobby" Prakash, Rhea's mother
* Rati Agnihotri as Anjali "Anju" Kapoor, Karan's mother
* Jimmy Sheirgill as Mihir Vora, Karan's friend
* Isha Koppikar in a friendly appearance as Diana Fernandez, Mihir's love interest
* Abhishek Bachchan in a special appearance as Sameer
* Shenaz Treasurywala as Shalini
* Parinita Seth as Pooja
* Parzaan Dastur as the voice of Hum
* Gayatri S. Iyer as the voice of Tum
* Yash Chopra as old man playing the piano in the song "Hum Tum"

## References
San Casciano in Val di Pesa

**San Casciano in Val di Pesa** is a *comune* in the Metropolitan City of Florence in the Italian region of Tuscany.

## Twin towns 
San Casciano in Val di Pesa is twinned with:
*  Al Mahbes, Western Sahara
*  Morgan Hill, California, United States
*  Nieuwerkerken, Belgium
*  Rosh Pinna, Israel

## References
Imung Lai

An **Imung Lai** or **Emung Lai** is any god or goddess worshipped inside the household of the mankind in Meitei folklore and religion. The Imung Lais are the protectors and caretakers of the people. People perform different rites and rituals to worship the deities. The main deities include Sanamahi and Leimarel.

## Related page
* Apokpa

## References 
## Other websites
Érondelle

**Érondelle** is a commune. It is in Hauts-de-France in the Somme department in north France.

## References
Fanaa (2006 movie)

***Fanaa*** () is a 2006 Indian Hindi-language romantic thriller film, directed by Kunal Kohli and produced by Aditya Chopra under Yash Raj Films. The film stars Aamir Khan and Kajol, with Rishi Kapoor, Kirron Kher, Tabu and Sharat Saxena in supporting roles.

*Fanaa* was released on 26 May 2006. Fanaa received positive reviews from critics and became a commercial success. *Fanaa* was one of the most expensive Bollywood films during its time of release.

## Cast 
* Aamir Khan as Rehan Khan Qadri Sr
* Kajol Devgan as Zooni Qadri (nee. Ali Beg)
* Rishi Kapoor as Zulfikar Ali Beg, Zooni's father
* Kirron Kher as Nafisa Ali Beg, Zooni's mother
* Tabu as Malini Tyagi (Anti Terrorist Special Force)
* Sharat Saxena as Susheel Rawat (Anti Terrorist Special Force)
* Lilette Dubey as Helen
* Shruti Seth as Fatimah 'Fatty'
* Sanaya Irani as Mehbooba 'Bobo'
* Gautami Kapoor as Rubina 'Ruby'
* Ali Haji as Rehan Qadri Jr, Rehan & Zooni's son
* Ahmed Khan as Nana Jaan (Rehan's Grandfather)
* Satish Shah as Colonel Maan Singh
* Puneet Vasishtha as Captain Ijaz Khan
* Jaspal Bhatti as Jolly Singh
* Vrajesh Hirjee as Balwant (Tourist Guide)
* Suresh Menon as Venkateshwar Atti Cooper Rao
* Shishir Sharma as Defence Minister
* Salim Shah as Defence Secretary
* Deepak Saraf as Chief Minister
* Shiney Ahuja as Major Suraj Ahuja (Special Appearance)
* Lara Dutta as Zeenat (Special Appearance)

## References
Estrées

**Estrée** or **Estrées** is the name of several communes in France:
* Estrées, Aisne, in the Aisne department
* Estrées, Nord, in the Nord department
* Estrées-Deniécourt, in the Somme department
* Estrées-la-Campagne, in the Calvados department
* Estrées-lès-Crécy, in the Somme department
* Estrées-Mons, in the Somme department
* Estrées-Saint-Denis, in the Oise department
* Estrées-sur-Noye, in the Somme department
* Notre-Dame-d'Estrées, in the Calvados department
* Estrée, in the Pas-de-Calais department
* Estrée-Blanche, in the Pas-de-Calais department
* Estrée-Cauchy, in the Pas-de-Calais department
* Estrée-Wamin, in the Pas-de-Calais department
* Mesnil-sur-l'Estrée, in the Eure department