Symphony No. 5 (Mahler)

The **Symphony No. 5** in C-sharp minor is a piece of orchestral music by Gustav Mahler. The composer wrote the symphony from 1901 and 1902.    

The symphony was first played on October 18, 1904 in Cologne. It was played by the Gürzenich Orchestra Cologne and conducted by Mahler. 

## Instrumentation 
The symphony was written for a large orchestra with:

;Woodwinds
: 4 flutes (all doubling piccolos)
: 3 oboes (3rd doubling cor anglais)
: 
: 3 bassoons (3rd doubling contrabassoon)
;Brass
: 6 horns (obbligato solo horn in movement 3)
: 4 trumpets
: 3 trombones
: 1 tuba

;Percussion
: 4 timpani
: bass drum
: a second bass drum with a suspended cymbal attached
: snare drum (used only in movement 1)
: cymbals
: triangle
: whip (used only in movement 3)
: tam-tam
: glockenspiel

;Strings
: harp

: 1st violins
: 2nd violins
:viola 
:cello
:double basses

## Form 
The work is in five movements, but Mahler grouped the movements into bigger parts. These are:

: Part I
:: 1. *Trauermarsch* (Funeral march). C minor
:: 2. *Stürmisch bewegt, mit größter Vehemenz* (Stormy, played with great vehemence) A minor
: Part II
:: 3. *Scherzo*. *Kräftig, nicht zu schnell* (Strong and not too fast) D major
: Part III
:: 4. *Adagietto*. *Sehr langsam* (Very slow) F major
:: 5. *Rondo-Finale*. *Allegro*  D major

## References 
## Further reading
* 
* Banks, Paul (May 1989) "Aspects of Mahler's Fifth Symphony: Performance Practice and Interpretation." *The Musical Times*, vol. 130, no. 1755, pp.&nbsp;258–265.
* Barham, Jeremy (December 2018). "'The Ghost in the Machine': Thomas Koschat and the volkstümlich in Mahler's Fifth Symphony." *Nineteenth-Century Music Review*, vol. 15, no. 3, pp.&nbsp;353–390. 
* Barry, Barbara R. (Spring 1993). "The Hidden Program in Mahler's Fifth Symphony." *The Musical Quarterly*, vol. 77, no. 1, pp.&nbsp;47–66.
* Baxendale, Carolyn (1986–1987). "The Finale of Mahler's Fifth Symphony: Long-Range Musical Thought." *Journal of the Royal Musical Association*, vol. 112, no. 2, pp.&nbsp;257–279.
* Buch, Esteban (Summer 2017). "Mahler's Fifth, Daniel Barenboim, and the Argentine Dictatorship: On Music, Meaning, and Politics." *The Musical Quarterly*, vol. 100, no. 2, pp.&nbsp;122–154. 
* Forte, Allen (Autumn 1984). "Middleground Motives in the Adagietto of Mahler's Fifth Symphony." *19th-Century Music*, vol. 8, no. 2, pp.&nbsp;153–163.
* Kinderman, William (Summer 2005). "'Ich bin der Welt abhanden gekommen': Mahler's Rückert Setting and the Aesthetics of Integration in the Fifth Symphony." *The Musical Quarterly*, vol. 88, no. 2, pp.&nbsp;232–273. 
* Micznik, Vera (June 1996). "Textual and Contextual Analysis: Mahler's Fifth Symphony and Scientific Thought." *International Review of the Aesthetics and Sociology of Music*, vol. 27, no. 1, pp.&nbsp;13–29.
* Pavlović, Milijana (2013). "Lost And Found – Mahler's *Fifth* in Trieste. *Studien zur Musikwissenschaft*, vol. 57, pp.&nbsp;275–297.
* Vernon, David (2022). ''Beauty and Sadness: Mahler's 11 Symphonies'', Ch. 5 'Cosmic Expansion: The Fifth Symphony', pp.&nbsp;173–202.
* Hurwitz, David. (2004) "The Mahler Symphonies, An Owner's Manual."

## External links
* 
* Mahler's Symphony No. 5 – A Beginners' Guide – Overview, analysis and the best recordings – The Classic Review
* Analysis, by Walter, everything2.com, 15 March 2002
* Gilbert Kaplan: "In One Note of Mahler, a World of Meaning", *The New York Times*, 17 March 2002