August 28

## Events 
### Up to 1900 
* 489 &ndash; Theodoric the Great, King of the Ostrogoths, defeats Odoacer at the Battle of Isonzo, forcing his way into present–day Italy.
* 663 &ndash; Silla–Tang armies crush the Baekje restoration attempt and force Yamato Japan to withdraw from Korea in the Battle of Baekgang.
* 1189 &ndash; Third Crusade: The Crusaders begin the Siege of Acre, present–day Lebanon, under Guy of Lusignan.
* 1521 &ndash; Ottoman Turks occupy Belgrade.
* 1524 &ndash; The Kaqchikel Maya rebel against their former Spanish allies during the Spanish conquest of Guatemala.
* 1565 &ndash; Pedro Menendez de Aviles sights land near St. Augustine, Florida, which becomes the oldest–continuously occupied European–established city in the continental United States.
* 1609 &ndash; Henry Hudson reaches Delaware Bay.
* 1619 &ndash; Ferdinand II is elected Holy Roman Emperor.
* 1640 &ndash; Second Bishop's War: Charles I of England's army loses to a Scottish Covenanter force at the Battle of Newburn.
* 1709 &ndash; Meidingnu Pamheiba is crowned King of Manipur.
* 1789 &ndash; William Herschel discovers Enceladus, a moon of Saturn.
* 1845 &ndash; The first edition of the *Scientific American* magazine is published.
* 1850 &ndash; Richard Wagner's Lohengrin Romantic opera is first performed in Weimar, under direction of Franz Liszt.
* 1861 &ndash; American Civil War: The Union Army successfully extends its blockage strategy by capturing the Confederate forts on North Carolina's Center Banks.
* 1862 &ndash; American Civil War: Second Battle of Bull Run.
* 1867 &ndash; The United States annexes the Midway Islands in the Pacific Ocean.
* 1879 &ndash; Cetshwayo, the last king of the Zulus is captured by the British.
* 1898 &ndash; Caleb Bradham invents the carbonated soft drink that will become known as Pepsi Cola.

### 1901 &ndash; 2000 
* 1909 &ndash; A military coup d'état against the government of Dimitrios Rallis in Greece begins.
* 1913 &ndash; The Peace Palace in The Hague is inaugurated.
* 1914 &ndash; World War I: The Royal Navy defeats the German fleet at the First Battle of Heligoland Bight.
* 1916 &ndash; World War I: Germany declares war on Romania. On the same day, Italy declares war on Germany.
* 1917 &ndash; Ten suffragettes (campaigners for women's right to vote) are arrested after a protest outside the White House in Washington, DC.
* 1924 &ndash; The Georgian opposition stages the August Uprising against the Soviet Union.
* 1931 &ndash; France and the Soviet Union sign a treaty of non–aggression.
* 1937 &ndash; Toyota Motors becomes an independent company.
* 1943 &ndash; World War II: A general strike in Denmark against the occupiers begins.
* 1944 &ndash; World War II: Marseille and Toulon are liberated.
* 1953 &ndash; Nippon TV broadcasts Japan's first television programme.
* 1955 &ndash; African American teenager Emmett Till is murdered in Mississippi.
* 1963 &ndash; March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom: Martin Luther King, Jr. makes his famous *I Have a Dream* speech, calling for Civil Rights and equal opportunities.
* 1963 &ndash; The Evergreen Point Bridge, the longest floating bridge in the world, opens between Seattle and Medina in Washington state, United States.
* 1964 &ndash; The Philadelphia race riot begins.
* 1968 &ndash; Riots occur in Chicago, Illinois during the Democratic Party's National Convention.
* 1971 &ndash; A fire on the Greek ferry *Heleanna* kills 26 people.
* 1972 &ndash; Mark Spitz wins the first two of his total of seven gold medals at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich.
* 1973 &ndash; Puebla, Veracruz and Oaxaca in Mexico are struck by an earthquake, killing 1,200 people.
* 1979 &ndash; An IRA bomb explodes at the Grote Markt, Brussels, Belgium.
* 1984 &ndash; In Amstetten, Austria, Josef Fritzl locks up his daughter Elisabeth in a cellar behind his house. She would remain imprisoned there for over 23 years until April 26, 2008.
* 1988 &ndash; Ramstein airshow disaster: Three aircraft of the Frecce Tricolore demonstration team collide, with the wreckage falling into the crowd, killing 75 people and injuring 346.
* 1990 &ndash; Iraq declares Kuwait its newest province.
* 1990 &ndash; A Force 5 tornado strikes the Illinois cities of Plainfield and Joliet, killing 29 people.
* 1991 &ndash; Ukraine declares its independence from the Soviet Union.
* 1996 &ndash; Charles, Prince of Wales and Diana, Princess of Wales officially divorce.

### From 2001 
* 2003 &ndash; A power blackout in southeastern England affects 500,000 people.
* 2005 &ndash; Hurricane Katrina begins to make landfall in Louisiana and Mississippi.
* 2007 &ndash; Abdullah Gül becomes President of Turkey.
* 2008 &ndash; Barack Obama accepts the Democrats' nomination for President of the United States, becoming the first African American to do so. 
* 2014 &ndash; Recep Tayyip Erdogan becomes President of Turkey.

## Births 
### Up to 1900 
*933 &ndash; Richard I of Normandy (d. 996)
*1025 &ndash; Emperor Go-Reizei of Japan (d. 1068)
*1582 &ndash; Taichang Emperor of the Ming Dynasty of China (d. 1620)
*1592 &ndash; George Villiers, 1st Duke of Buckingham, English diplomat (d. 1627)
*1676 &ndash; Louise of Mecklenburg, Queen Consort of Denmark (d. 1721)
*1714 &ndash; Duke Anthony Ulrich of Brunswick (d. 1774)
*1728 &ndash; John Stark, American general (d. 1822)
*1739 &ndash; Agostino Accorintoni, Italian composer (d. 1818)
*1749 &ndash; Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, German writer and scientist (d. 1832)
*1774 &ndash; Elizabeth Ann Seton, first American–born saint (d. 1821)
*1801 &ndash; Antoine Augustin Cournot, French mathematician and philosopher (d. 1877)
*1814 &ndash; Sheridan Le Fanu, Irish writer (d. 1873)
*1827 &ndash; Grand Duchess Catherine Mikhailovna of Russia (d. 1874)
*1828 &ndash; Leo Tolstoy, Russian writer (d. 1910) (September 9 in Gregorian calendar)
*1831 &ndash; Lucy Webb Hayes, First Lady of the United States (d. 1889)
*1833 &ndash; Edward Burne-Jones, English painter (d. 1898)
*1837 &ndash; Francis, Duke of Teck, German–British nobleman (d. 1900)
*1840 &ndash; Alexander Cameron Sim, Scottish pharmacist and businessman (d. 1900)
*1853 &ndash; Vladimir Shukhov, Russian engineer (d. 1939)
*1853 &ndash; Franz I, Prince of Liechtenstein (d. 1938)
*1859 &ndash; Matilda Howell, American archer (d. 1938)
*1859 &ndash; Vittorio Sella, Italian mountaineer and photographer (d. 1943)
*1867 &ndash; Umberto Giordano, Italian composer (d. 1948)
*1878 &ndash; George Whipple, American doctor (d. 1976)
*1884 &ndash; Peter Fraser, Prime Minister of New Zealand (d. 1950)
*1885 &ndash; Vance Palmer, Australian author, playwright and critic (d. 1959)
*1887 &ndash; August Kippasto, Estonian–Australian wrestler (d. 1973)
*1888 &ndash; Edward H. Griffith, American director (d. 1975)
*1896 &ndash; Firaq Gorakhpuri, Indian author, poet and critic (d. 1982)
*1898 &ndash; Charlie Grimm, American baseball player, manager and sportscaster (d. 1983)
*1899 &ndash; Chang Myon, 4th Vice President of South Korea, 2nd, 7th Prime Minister (d. 1966)
*1899 &ndash; Charles Boyer, French actor (d. 1978)
*1899 &ndash; Andrei Platonov, Russian author (d. 1951)
*1899 &ndash; James Wong Howe, Chinese–American cinematographer (d. 1976)

### 1901 &ndash; 1950 
*1903 &ndash; Bruno Bettelheim, American psychologist (d. 1990)
*1904 &ndash; Anton Yugov, 35th Prime Minister of Bulgaria (d. 1991)
*1906 &ndash; John Betjeman, English poet (d. 1984)
*1910 &ndash; Tjalling Koopmans, Dutch economist (d. 1985)
*1911 &ndash; Joseph Luns, Dutch Secretary–General of NATO (d. 2002)
*1913 &ndash; Robertson Davies, Canadian writer (d. 1995)
*1916 &ndash; Jack Vance, American writer (d. 2013)
*1917 &ndash; Jack Kirby, American comic artist (d. 1994)
*1919 &ndash; Godfrey Hounsfield, English electrical engineer (d. 2004)
*1921 &ndash; Lidia Gueiler Tejada, President of Bolivia (d. 2011)
*1921 &ndash; Nancy Kulp, American actress (d. 1991)
*1921 &ndash; Mariano Rajoy Sobredo, Spanish judge (d. 2018)
*1921 &ndash; Fernando Fernan Gomez, Peruvian–Spanish writer, actor and director (d. 2007)
*1923 &ndash; Guenter Wendt, German–born NASA engineer (d. 2010)
*1924 &ndash; Janet Frame, New Zealand writer (d. 2004)
*1924 &ndash; Peggy Ryan, American actress and dancer (d. 2004)
*1924 &ndash; Zalman Schachter-Shalomi, Polish–American rabbi (d. 2014)
*1928 &ndash; Vilayat Khan, Indian sitarist and composer (d. 2004)
*1930 &ndash; Windsor Davies, English actor
*1930 &ndash; Ben Gazzara, American actor, singer and director (d. 2012)
*1931 &ndash; Cristina Deutekom, Dutch operatic soprano (d. 2014)
*1931 &ndash; Ola L. Mize, American general (d. 2014)
*1931 &ndash; John Shirley-Quirk, English bass–baritone (d. 2014)
*1931 &ndash; Shunichiro Okano, Japanese footballer (d. 2017)
*1932 &ndash; Andy Bathgate, Canadian ice hockey player, coach and manager (d. 2016)
*1933 &ndash; Philip French, English film critic (d. 2015)
*1936 &ndash; Don Denkinger, American baseball player and umpire
*1938 &ndash; Paul Martin Jr., former Prime Minister of Canada
*1939 &ndash; John Kingman, English mathematician
*1940 &ndash; William Cohen, American lawyer and politician
*1940 &ndash; Ken Jenkins, American actor
*1942 &ndash; Sterling Morrison, American singer and guitarist (The Velvet Underground) (d. 1995)
*1942 &ndash; José Eduardo dos Santos, former President of Angola
*1943 &ndash; David Soul, American actor
*1943 &ndash; Surayud Chulanont, former Prime Minister of Thailand
*1943 &ndash; Shuja Khanzada, Pakistani politician (d. 2015)
*1943 &ndash; Lou Piniella, American baseball manager
*1947 &ndash; Emlyn Hughes, English footballer (d. 2004)
*1949 &ndash; Hugh Cornwell, English musician (The Stranglers)

### 1951 &ndash; 1975 
*1951 &ndash; Dave Hlubek, American musician and songwriter (d. 2017)
*1951 &ndash; Wayne Osmond, American singer
*1952 &ndash; Wendelin Wiedeking, German businessman
*1952 &ndash; Rita Dove, American poet
*1953 &ndash; Ditmar Jakobs, German footballer
*1954 &ndash; George M. Church, American geneticist, chemist and engineer
*1957 &ndash; Ai Weiwei, Chinese artist and political activist
*1957 &ndash; Ivo Josipovic, former President of Croatia
*1957 &ndash; Manuel Preciado Rebolledo, Spanish footballer and coach (d. 2012)
*1957 &ndash; Daniel Stern, American actor
*1958 &ndash; Scott Hamilton, American figure skater
*1959 &ndash; Brian Thompson, American actor
*1960 &ndash; Emma Samms, English actress
*1961 &ndash; Jennifer Coolidge, American actress
*1961 &ndash; Rona Fairhead, former Chair of the BBC Trust
*1961 &ndash; Kim Appleby, British singer
*1962 &ndash; John Gebbia, American businessman
*1963 &ndash; Lucjan Avgustini, Albanian bishop (d. 2016)
*1964 &ndash; Kaj Leo Johannesen, 12th Prime Minister of the Faroe Islands
*1965 &ndash; Satoshi Tajiri, Japanese, creator of Pokémon
*1965 &ndash; Shania Twain, Canadian–American singer
*1965 &ndash; Amanda Tapping, English–Canadian actress, director and producer
*1966 &ndash; Julen Lopetegui, Spanish football manager
*1967 &ndash; Greg Clark, English politician
*1968 &ndash; Billy Boyd, Scottish actor
*1969 &ndash; Jack Black, American actor and musician
*1969 &ndash; Jason Priestley, Canadian–American actor
*1969 &ndash; Mary McCartney, English photographer and actress
*1971 &ndash; Janet Evans, American swimmer
*1971 &ndash; Alex Polizzi, English hotelier and television presenter
*1972 &ndash; Omayra Sanchez, Colombian volcanic eruption victim (d. 1985)
*1973 &ndash; J. August Richards, American actor
*1974 &ndash; Carsten Jancker, German footballer

### From 1976 
*1976 &ndash; Federico Magallanes, Uruguayan footballer
*1978 &ndash; Jess Margera, American drummer
*1980 &ndash; Carly Pope, Canadian actress
*1980 &ndash; Rachel Khoo, English chef, writer and broadcaster
*1981 &ndash; Kezia Dugdale, Scottish politician
*1981 &ndash; Daniel Gygax, Swiss footballer
*1982 &ndash; LeAnn Rimes, American singer
*1982 &ndash; Thiago Motta, Italian footballer
*1983 &ndash; Luke McAlister, New Zealand rugby player
*1983 &ndash; Christian Pander, German footballer
*1983 &ndash; Lilli Schwarzkopf, German athlete
*1984 &ndash; Sarah Roemer, American actress
*1984 &ndash; Paula Fernandes, Brazilian singer
*1985 &ndash; Masahiko Inoha, Japanese footballer
*1986 &ndash; Florence Welch, English singer (Florence and the Machine)
*1986 &ndash; Gilad Shalit, Israeli soldier
*1986 &ndash; Tommy Hanson, American baseball player (d. 2015)
*1987 &ndash; Katie Green, English model
*1987 &ndash; Daigo Nishi, Japanese footballer
*1987 &ndash; Caleb Moore, American snowmobile racer (d. 2013)
*1989 &ndash; César Azpilicueta, Spanish footballer
*1989 &ndash; Valtteri Bottas, Finnish Formula One racing driver
*1989 &ndash; Jo Kwon, South Korean singer
*1989 &ndash; Cassadee Pope, American singer and songwriter
*1989 &ndash; Jamie Murphy, Scottish footballer
*1990 &ndash; Bojan Krkic, Serbian–Spanish footballer
*1991 &ndash; Kyle Massey, American actor and rapper
*1991 &ndash; Andreja Pejic, Bosnian–Australian model
*1992 &ndash; Sora Amamija, Japanese voice actress and singer
*1994 &ndash; Felix Jaehn, German DJ and producer
*1994 &ndash; Junior Malanda, Belgian footballer (d. 2015)
*1999 &ndash; Prince Nikolai of Denmark
*2003 &ndash; Quvenzhané Wallis, American actress

## Deaths 
### Up to 1900 
*388 &ndash; Magnus Maximus, Roman Emperor (b. 335)
*430 &ndash; Augustine of Hippo, saint and theologian (b. 354)
*476 &ndash; Orestes, Roman politician
*632 &ndash; Fatimah, daughter of the Prophet Muhammad (b. 605)
*876 &ndash; Louis the German, Frankish King (b. 804)
*1027 &ndash; Richard II, Duke of Normandy (b. 963)
*1481 &ndash; King Afonso IV of Portugal (b. 1432)
*1645 &ndash; Hugo Grotius, Dutch philosopher (b. 1583)
*1654 &ndash; Axel Oxenstierna, Lord High Chancellor of Sweden (b. 1583)
*1757 &ndash; David Hartley, English philosopher (b. 1705)
*1784 &ndash; Junipero Serra, Spanish–American missionary (b. 1713)
*1805 &ndash; Alexander Carlyle, Scottish church leader and author (b. 1722)
*1818 &ndash; Jean Baptiste Point du Sable, American founder of Chicago (b. 1750)
*1888 &ndash; Julius Krohn, Finnish poet and journalist (b. 1835)
*1900 &ndash; Henry Sidgwick, English economist and philosopher (b. 1838)

### 1901 &ndash; 2000 
*1903 &ndash; Frederick Law Olmsted, American landscape architect (b. 1822)
*1933 &ndash; Helen Dunbar, American actress (b. 1863)
*1934 &ndash; Edgeworth David, Welsh–Australian geologist and explorer (b. 1858)
*1942 &ndash; Belisario Porras Barahona, President of Panama (b. 1856)
*1943 &ndash; King Boris III of Bulgaria (b. 1894)
*1943 &ndash; George Underwood, American runner (b. 1884)
*1955 &ndash; Emmett Till, American Civil Rights Movement icon (b. 1941) (murdered)
*1959 &ndash; Bohuslav Martinů, Czech composer (b. 1890)
*1965 &ndash; Giulio Racah, Italian–Israeli physicist and mathematician (b. 1909)
*1972 &ndash; Prince William of Gloucester (b. 1941)
*1976 &ndash; Anissa Jones, American actress (b. 1958)
*1978 &ndash; Robert Shaw, English actor, screenwriter and producer (b. 1927)
*1981 &ndash; Béla Guttman, Hungarian footballer (b. 1900)
*1984 &ndash; Muhammad Naguib, 1st President of Egypt (b. 1901)
*1985 &ndash; Ruth Gordon, American actress (b. 1896)
*1987 &ndash; John Huston, American movie director (b. 1906)
*1988 &ndash; Jean Marchand, Canadian union leader and politician (b. 1918)
*1990 &ndash; Willy Vandersteen, Belgian comic writer (b. 1913)
*1995 &ndash; Michael Ende, German writer (b. 1929)

### From 2001 
*2005 &ndash; Hans Clarin, German actor (b. 1929)
*2006 &ndash; Melvin Schwartz, American physicist (b. 1932)
*2006 &ndash; William F. Quinn, 1st State Governor of Hawaii (b. 1919)
*2006 &ndash; Ed Benedict, American animator (b. 1912)
*2007 &ndash; Antonio Puerta, Spanish footballer (b. 1984)
*2007 &ndash; Miyoshi Umeki, Japanese–American actress and singer (b. 1929)
*2008 &ndash; Phil Hill, American racing driver (b. 1927)
*2009 &ndash; Adam Goldstein, American drummer, DJ and producer (b. 1973)
*2010 &ndash; Sinan Hasani, President of Yugoslavian (b. 1922)
*2012 &ndash; Said Afandi al-Chirkawi, Russian spiritual leader (b. 1937)
*2013 &ndash; Murray Gershenz, American actor (b. 1922)
*2014 &ndash; Bill Kerr, South African–Australian actor and comedian (b. 1922)
*2014 &ndash; Glenn Cornick, English guitarist (b. 1947)
*2014 &ndash; Fernando Zunzunegui, Spanish footballer (b. 1943)
*2014 &ndash; Jack Kraft, American basketball coach (b. 1921)
*2014 &ndash; John Anthony Walker, American naval officer (b. 1937)
*2014 &ndash; Roberto Cairo, Spanish actor (b. 1963)
*2015 &ndash; Al Arbour, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1932)
*2015 &ndash; Teresa Gorman, English politician (b. 1931)
*2015 &ndash; Nelson Shanks, American painter (b. 1937)
*2016 &ndash; Mr. Fuji, American professional wrestler (b. 1934)
*2016 &ndash; Juan Gabriel, Mexican singer-songwriter (b. 1950)
*2016 &ndash; Mohammad Shafi Qureshi, Indian politician, Governor of West Bengal (b. 1929)
*2016 &ndash; Binyamin Ben-Eliezer, Israeli politician (b. 1936)
*2017 &ndash; Senarath Attanayake, Sri Lankan lawyer and politician (b. 1966)
*2017 &ndash; Mireille Darc, French actress and model (b. 1938)
*2017 &ndash; Tsutomu Hata, former Prime Minister of Japan (b. 1935)
*2017 &ndash; David Torrence, Peruvian–American runner (b. 1985)
*2018 &ndash; Silvano Campeggi, Italian film poster designer (b. 1923)
*2018 &ndash; Josep Fontana, Spanish historian and academic (b. 1931)
*2018 &ndash; Gary Friedrich, American comic book writer (b. 1943)

## Observances 
* Christian Feast Day of Assumption (Orthodox Church)