open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
The Blue Meanie

**Brian Daniel Heffron** (born May 18, 1973) is an American professional wrestler and actor. He is better known by his ring name **The Blue Meanie**. He is best known for his time with Extreme Championship Wrestling (ECW) from 1995 to 2000 and World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE). Heffron's ring name is a reference to the Blue Meanies, the creatures from the 1968 movie, *Yellow Submarine*.

In ECW, Heffron was known for his time in the Blue World Order, which was a parody of World Championship Wrestling (WCW)'s top heel group, the nWo. In the bWo, Meanie played a parody of nWo member Scott Hall and was named **Da Blue Guy** which was a parody of Scott Hall's nickname "The Bad Guy".

## In wrestling 
***Finishing moves**
***Meaniesault* (Moonsault)
**''People's Leg Drop* (Running delayed leg drop, with theatrics) (parodied from The Rock)
**Snap DDT
***Signature moves**
**Body avalanche
**Bulldog
**Diving splash
**Elbow drop
**Hip toss
**Inverted atomic drop
**Scoop slam
**Short-arm clothesline
***Double team finishing moves**
****With Nova**
****Blue Light Special'' (Wheelbarrow facebuster/Implant DDT combination)
***Managers**
**Chastity
**Jasmin St. Claire
**Mini Meanie
**Mrs. Patricia
***Entrance music**
**"What Would You Do" by Tha Dogg Pound (ECW)
**"MMMBop" by Hanson (ECW)
**"Come Out and Play" by The Offspring (ECW; used while he was teaming with Raven)
**"bWo Theme" by Swamp Candles (ECW / WWE; used while he was a part of the Blue World Order)
**"Let Me Clear My Throat" by DJ Kool (ECW; used while he was teaming with Nova)
**"Da Ya Think I'm Sexy" by Revolting Cocks (ECW)
**"Armed & Rambunctious" by Steve Goomas and Dougvid Perkins  (WWF; used while he was a part of the J.O.B. Squad)
**"Here We Go" by Mark Sandell and Neal Watson (WWE)

## Championships
***Allied Powers Wrestling Federation**
**APWF Heavyweight Championship (1 time)
***Cleveland All-Pro Wrestling**
**CAPW Heavyweight Championship (1 time)
***Extreme Championship Wrestling**
**Hardcore Hall of Fame (2014)
***Memphis Championship Wrestling**
**MCW Southern Tag Team Championship (1 time) (with Jim Neidhart)
***NWA New Jersey**
**NWA World Light Heavyweight Champion *(New Jersey version)* (1 time)
***Pro Wrestling Illustrated**
**He was ranked **#143** of the 500 best singles wrestlers of the PWI Years in 2002.
***Steel City Wrestling**
**SCW Tag Team Championship (3 times) (with Stevie Richards (1), Nova (1), and Cactus Jack (1))
**SCW Television Championship (1 time)
***Ultimate Pro Wrestling**
**UPW Internet Championship (1 time)
***West Coast Wrestling Connection**
**WCWC Championship (1 time)

## References 
## Other websites
*
*
*
Nick Cravat

**Nicholas Cuccia** (January 11, 1912 – January 29, 1994), known as **Nick Cravat**, was an American actor and stuntman. He co-starred with Burt Lancaster in nine movies. He played a mute character in movies such as *Davy Crockett* and *King of the Wild Frontier*. He did not have speaking roles because he could not hide his thick Brooklyn accent. On January 29, 1994 he died of lung cancer in Woodland Hills, Los Angeles, California.

## References 
## Other websites
*
Monster Buster Club

**Monster Buster Club** is a children's comedy action animated television program series. It was created by Vincent Chalvon-Demersay and David Michel and by Marathon Media and Image Entertainment Corporation Inc. The series was first shown on TV in France on TF1, October 29, 2007. In the United States it began on June 9, 2008. In Asia it started on May 3, 2008. The show was first shown on Canada's Television channel YTV in 2008. The series ended in 2009.

## Plot
This show is about three twelve-year-olds, helped by an alien girl named Cathy, who are all charged with saving their town from alien invasions. With her grandfather, they reform a secret organization that was founded centuries ago called the Monster Buster Club, often abbreviated to MBC. The goal of the MBC is to locate alien criminals seeking refuge in Single Town, capture them, and send them to galactic authorities.

## References
## Other websites 
* Official Site 
* Marathon Brings Monster to MIPCOM from animationmagazine.net
* Disney XD Official site
*
Saint Emiliana

**Saint Emiliana** was a Christian saint. She was born in Rome. Her feast day is January 5. She was a mystic person (a spiritual and faithful person).

## Biography
Emiliana and her sister Tharsilla were aunts of Pope Gregory I. Their uncle was Pope Felix III. They treated their house like a convent. They were spiritual and committed to God. They wanted to help the world. Tharsilla died on December 24. A few days after Tharsilla died, she appeared to Emiliana. Emiliana died on January 5.
Louis III, Prince of Condé

**Louis de Bourbon, 6th Prince of Condé** (10 November 1668 - 4 March 1710) was a Prince of the blood at the French court of Louis XIV. Styled as the Duke of Bourbon from birth, he succeeded his father as Prince of Condé in 1709. He was commonly called *Monsieur le Duc*. However, he was known by the lesser ducal title. He was prince for less than a year. As a member of the reigning House of Bourbon, he was a *prince du sang*. He was governor of Burgundy from 1709 to 1710. He was forced to marry an illegitimate daughter of Louis XIV.

## Issue
#Marie Gabrielle Éléonore de Bourbon, Mademoiselle de Bourbon (22 December 1690 - 30 August 1760) died unmarried.
#Louis Henri I, Prince of Condé (18 August 1692 - 27 January 1740) married Marie Anne de Bourbon and had no issue. He later married Landgravine Caroline of Hesse-Rotenburg and had issue.
#Louise Élisabeth de Bourbon (22 November 1693 – 27 May 1775) married Louis Armand, Prince of Conti and had issue.
#Louise Anne de Bourbon, Mademoiselle de Charolais (23 June 1695 - 8 April 1758) died unmarried.
#Marie Anne de Bourbon (16 October 1697 - 11 August 1741) secretly married Louis de Melun, Duke of Joyeuse.
#Charles, Count of Charolais (19 June 1700 - 23 July 1760) secretly married Jeanne de Valois Saint Remy (descendant of Henri II of France) and had illegitimate issue.
#Henriette Louise de Bourbon, Mademoiselle de Vermandois (15 January 1703 - 19 September 1772) died unmarried.
#Élisabeth Alexandrine de Bourbon, Mademoiselle de Sens (15 September 1705 - 15 April 1765) died unmarried.
#Louis, Count of Clermont (15 June 1709 - 16 June 1771) died unmarried.

## Tiles and styles
***10 November 1668 &ndash; 1 April 1709 ** *His Most Serene Highness* the Duke of Bourbon.

## References
Anglosphere

**Anglosphere** is a term used to mean the group of English-speaking nations with a similar cultural heritage. 
 is an official language and the first language of most people are in dark blue. Places where English is an official language, but not the first language of most people, are in light blue. ]]

The Anglosphere includes the United Kingdom, the United States, and the main members of the Commonwealth of Nations such as Canada (except the majority French-speaking province of Quebec and the majority Inuit-speaking territory of Nunavut), Australia and New Zealand. Ireland, a former Commonwealth of Nations member, is in the Anglosphere. 

The term was invented at the end of the 20th century.

## Other meanings 
The word means more than just those countries where English is a first or second language. To be considered part of the Anglosphere requires sharing basic customs and values. "Nations comprising the Anglosphere share a common historical narrative in which Magna Carta, the English and American Bills of Rights, and such Common law principles as trial by jury, presumption of innocence". Since the Great Rapprochement of the early 20th century, the United States and Great Britain were far more friendly than before. Their military alliance during World War II has lasted ever since.  

By the time of the 2003 Iraq war the political use of the word meant the cultural tendency towards military , particularly by the US, the UK and Australia. , the word has come to mean that the US is usually backed by Britain and Australia, but not so much by Canada. In this sense, Canada is and sometimes is not considered a part of the Anglosphere. This has been since the Pierre Trudeau era. Anglosphere theorists point out that there is no intent to build an Anglosphere superstate like the European Union. The term was coined by science fiction writer Neal Stephenson in his novel *The Diamond Age*.

## Related pages 
* List of countries where English is an official language
* English-speaking world
* Organisation internationale de la Francophonie

## References
## Other websites 
* The Anglosphere is alive and well, but I wonder whether it needs a better name 
* The State of the Anglosphere
Dennis Morgan

**Dennis Morgan** (December 30, 1908 – September 7, 1994) was an American actor and singer. He played Jefferson in *Christmas in Connecticut*. He played Paul Hudson in *The Desert Song*.

Morgan was born Stanley Morner in Prentice, Wisconsin, on December 30, 1908. He died in Fresno, California of respiratory failure on September 7, 1994.

## References 
## Other websites
*
Pulgarcito

***Pulgarcito*** (Spanish for "Tom Thumb") was a weekly illustrated magazine in Spain. It was published by Editorial Bruguera. It was first named *El Gato Negro*. It had a black cat as its logo from June 1921 to 1986.

*Pulgarcito* had short stories, articles, pastimes, and jokes, with only a few comic strips. Economic difficulties caused by the Spanish Civil War led to only 13 issues being published between 1945 and 1947. It was brought back after 1952. It had with more space given to comic strips when it returned. It also had a new set of new comic characters, including:

*Zipi y Zape (characters that later got their own magazine)

*Las hermanas Gilda

*Carpanta

*El profesor Tragacanto

Both Ibáñez and Jan worked on *Pulgarcito* during its last years.  With the demise of the Editorial Bruguera publishing house, *Pulgarcito* was discontinued.

## References
Francisco Ibáñez Talavera

**Francisco Ibáñez Talavera** (15 March 1936 – 15 July 2023), Spanish comic book artist and writer. He was born in Barcelona, Spain. He is the creator of several comic book series. The most famous series he created is *Mortadelo y Filemón*.

Ibáñez worked in a bank while publishing his first drawings before dedicating himself fully to his craft in 1957.  A year later, *Mortadelo y Filemón* appeared for the first time in the publication *Pulgarcito*.  After that Ibáñez created several other characters.  Since 1988, he has drawn six new *Mortadelo y Filemón* albums a year. Many of them concern common issues of the day.

In 1994, he received the Grand Prize of the *Salón del Cómic de Barcelona*. In 2001 he received the *Medalla de Oro al Mérito en las Bellas Artes* ("Gold Medal for Contributions to the Fine Arts"). He received the "Premios Notario del Humor" 2008 from the University of Alicante.
Ibáñez married Remedios Solera Sánchez in 1966, with whom he had two daughters.

Ibáñez died in Barcelona on 15 July 2023, at the age of 87.
## Works
**Mortadelo y Filemón, agencia de información* (1958).
**La familia Trapisonda, un grupito que es la monda* (1958)
**13, Rue del Percebe* (1961)
**Godofredo y Pascualino viven del deporte fino* (1961)
**Ande, ríase usté con el arca de Noé* (1961)
**El botones Sacarino* (1963)
**Rompetechos* (1964)
**Pepe Gotera y Otilio* (1966)
**Chicha, Tato y Clodoveo* (1985)
**7, Rebolling Street* (1987)
**Doña Pura y Doña Pera vecinas de la escalera*
**Don Pedrito que está como nunca*
**El doctor esparadrapo y su ayudante Gazapo*
**Tete Cohete*

## References
Don L. Anderson

**Don Lynn Anderson** (March 5, 1933&nbsp;– December 2, 2014) was an American geophysicist. Anderson’s work was about seismology, solid state physics, geochemistry and petrology to explain how the Earth works. Anderson was born in Frederick, Maryland.

Anderson died of cancer in Cambria, California, aged 81.

## References
## Other websites
*Anderson's webpage at Caltech
Norman Bridwell

**Norman Bridwell** (February 15, 1928 – December 12, 2014) was an American author, cartoonist, and philanthropist. He was best known for creating *Clifford the Big Red Dog*. Bridwell was born in Kokomo, Indiana.

Bridwell died on December 12, 2014 of heart failure at the age of 86 in Edgartown, Massachusetts.

## References
## Other websites
*
Shapeshifting

* (or *The Frog Princess*), by Viktor Vasnetsov, tells of a frog which metamorphoses into a princess ]]

**Shapeshifting** is the act of being able to change into another being or form.  The idea of shapeshifting has been around since the Middle Ages. It has been used in literature and epic poems, including works such as *Peleus and Thetis* and the *Iliad''.  The trend of shapeshifting is still being done today. It is a theme in children's literature, and works of popular culture.

## References
## Other websites
*The Evolution of the Vampire in Fiction and Popular Culture 
*Real Shapeshifters Website  Dedicated to the study of shapeshifting phenomena (realshapeshifters.com)
*Shapeshifters in Love &nbsp;– A series of articles about shapeshifting characters in romance and speculative fiction.
Priscilla Morrill

**Priscilla Morrill** (June 4, 1927 – November 9, 1994) was an American actress. She was well known for playing Edie Grant on *The Mary Tyler Moore Show*. She also played Elaine Hogan on the TV show *Family*.

Morrill was born in Boston, Massachusetts. She died from complications of a kidney infection in Los Angeles at age 67.
Treaty of Waitangi

The **Treaty of Waitangi**, , was a treaty that was signed on 6 February 1840 at Waitangi, New Zealand. It was signed by European settlers and by Māori chiefs. It is widely considered to be a founding document of New Zealand. The Treaty of Waitangi marked the start of the official domination of New Zealand by Great Britain. The legal status and modern relevance of the treaty has been at a disagreement for a long time. 

## Contents/Terms 
The Treaty of Waitangi was created to establish some form of peace between the Maori people of New Zealand and the Pakeha peoples of various European empires. Many terms in the treaty grant the Maori people rights to land, both in matters of guardianship and of yield.

## Effects 
After the Treaty of Waitangi was officially enacted, many disputes over peacekeeping between different ethnicities and cultures of New Zealand persisted; yet both the Maori people and the Pakeha peoples remained negatively affected by some issues. In recent times, some portions of the Treaty of Waitangi have been reviewed, possibly taking away some rights from both of the main ethnic groups of New Zealand.

## Related pages 
*Treaty
*National Day

## References 
## Other websites 
*Full Text of the Treaty of Waitangi in English and in Maori
Insulated glazing

**Insulated glazing**, otherwise known as **double glazing** or **triple glazing**, refers to the layers of glass in a window. A double glazed window is two panes of glass (also called a lite) with a sealed air (or gas) space in the middle. The edges are sealed together with an air-tight spacer. This is used so that heat cannot escape through the air space by conduction or convection. Heat radiation is not affected as it can travel through a vacuum space. To increase the R-value of insulated windows are sealed with argon gas.

## References
Louis Henri, Duke of Bourbon

**Louis Henri de Bourbon, Duke of Bourbon, Prince of Condé** (Louis Henri Joseph; 18 August 1692 &ndash; 27 January 1740) was head of the  Prince of Condé and a cousin of the then reigning House of Bourbon from 1710 to his death, and served as prime minister to his kinsman Louis XV from 1723 to 1726.

Despite succeeding as head of the House of Condé in 1709, he never used that name, preferring the title "Duke of Bourbon", and was known at court as *Monsieur le Duc*.  As a member of the reigning House of Bourbon, he was a *Prince of the blood*.

## Marriages and children
On 9 July 1713 at Versailles, he married Marie Anne de Bourbon who died in 1720. Marie Anne was the eldest daughter of Marie Thérèse de Bourbon and her husband, François Louis, Prince de Conti. The couple had no children.

Secondly on 23 July 1728 he married Caroline of Hesse-Rotenburg and they had one son;

#Louis Joseph de Bourbon (9 August 1736 – 13 May 1818), who led the "Army of Condé" during the French Revolutionary Wars. He also married twice.

### Titles and styles
***18 August 1692 &ndash; 4 March 1710**  *His Serene Highness* the Duke of Enghien
***4 March 1710 &ndash; 27 January 1740** *His Serene Highness* the Duke of Bourbon (**"Monsieur le Duc**")
Boethius

**Anicius Manlius Severinus Boethius**, commonly called **Boethius** (; also **Boetius** ;  477 – 524 AD), was a Roman philosopher. He was from the important Roman Anicia family, which included the Roman Emperors Petronius Maximus and Olybrius. In 510 Boethius became consul in the kingdom of the Ostrogoths. He was put in prison and later executed, by King Theodoric the Great, who thought he was secretly working with the Byzantine Empire. In prison, Boethius wrote the Latin philosophy book Consolation of Philosophy. In the Middle Ages, it was a famous and important book.

## References
Kristina Orbakaitė

**Kristina Orbakaitе** (, , born 25 May 1971), is a Russian singer and actress. She is the daughter of Russian pop star Alla Pugacheva and Lithuanian circus performer Mykolas Orbakas.

## Albums
* 1994 – Верность "Fidelity"
* 1996 – Ноль Часов, Ноль Минут "Zero Hours, Zero Minutes"
* 1998 – Ты "You"
* 1999 – Той Женщине, Которая... "To That Woman, Who.."
* 2000 – Май "May"
* 2001 – The Best
* 2001 – Remixes
* 2002 – Верь В Чудеса "Believe in Miracles"
* 2002 – Океан Любви "Ocean of Love"
* 2003 – Перелётная Птица "Wandering Bird"
* 2005 – My Life
* 2008 – Слышишь.. это я "Listen...it's me"
* 2009 – The Best Part 1 and Part 2
* 2011 – Поцелуй на бис "Encore Kiss"
* 2013 – Маски "Masks"

## References
## Other websites
*Official Website of Kristina Orbakaite
Bellvale, New York

**Bellvale** is a wooded hamlet in the town of Warwick in Orange County, New York, United States. It was the site of an iron forge destroyed by British Army soldiers in 1750. Most of its homes and other structures date from before American independence.

## References
Bellvale, California

**Bellvale** is a settlement in San Mateo County, California, located at .  The small community is on Highway 84 (La Honda Road) between San Gregorio and La Honda.  Bellvale is 240 feet above sea level.  Bellvale once had a post office, the community is now only sparsely settled with homes and farms.  The Bellvale post office, located 2.25 miles west of La Honda, opened in 1897 and was discontinued in 1922.  

## References
Tamara Gverdtsiteli

**Tamara "Tamriko" Gverdtsiteli** (, , born 18 January 1962 in Tbilisi) is a Georgian-Russian singer, actress and composer. She is a People's Artist of Ingushetia, Georgia (since 1991) and Russia (since 2004).

## Discography 
* 1982 — Debyut. Tamara Gverdtsiteli (min'on)
* 1985 — Muzyka: poyot Tamara Gverdtsiteli
* 1992 — Tamara Gverdtsiteli poyot svoi pesni
* 1994 — Vivat, Korol'!
* 1996 — Spasibo, Muzyka, tebe!
* 2000 — Luchshiye pesni raznykh let
* 2001 — Posvyashcheniye Zhenshchine
* 2002 — Vivat, Lyubov', Vivat!
* 2002 — Mne vchera prisnilos' nebo
* 2003 — Izbrannoye
* 2004 — Muzyka — Khram Dushi
* 2008 — Vozdushnyy potseluy
* 2008 — MP3-al'bom «Izbrannoye»
* 2009 — The Best (2 CD)

## References
Bellvale

**Bellvale** may refer to: 
*Bellvale, California, unincorporated community in San Mateo County, California
*Bellvale, New York, wooded hamlet in Warwick, New York
Interstellar

**Interstellar** means "in between the stars". It may refer to:

*Interstellar (movie)
*Interstellar medium
*Interstellar travel
Stuart Little (movie)

***Stuart Little*** is a 1999 American Family comedy movie. It was directed by Rob Minkoff and was produced by Douglas Wick. *Stuart Little* was released on December 17, 1999. The movie is loosely based on the E. B. White novel, *Stuart Little*.

The movie gained positive reviews from critics and holds a 66% "Fresh" rating on Rotten Tomatoes. *Stuart Little* was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Visual Effects, but it lost to *The Matrix*. The movie spawned a sequel in 2002 titled *Stuart Little 2*, a short-lived TV show *Stuart Little: The Animated Series* in 2003, and another sequel in 2006, *Stuart Little 3: Call of the Wild* which went direct-to-video.

The movie was both Estelle Getty's last movie before she retired in 2000 as well as her last movie before her death in 2008.

## Cast 
### Live action 
*Geena Davis as Eleanor Little
*Hugh Laurie as Frederick Little
*Jonathan Lipnicki as George Little
*Jeffrey Jones as Uncle Crenshaw Little
*Connie Ray as Aunt Tina Little
*Allyce Beasley as Aunt Beatrice Little
*Brian Doyle-Murray as Cousin Edgar Little
*Estelle Getty as Grandma Estelle Little
*Harold Gould as Grandpa Spencer Little
*Patrick Thomas O'Brien as Uncle Stretch Little
*Stan Freberg as Race Announcer
*Jon Polito as Detective Sherman
*Jim Doughan as Detective Phil Allen
*Julia Sweeney as Mrs. Keeper, Head of the Orphanage
*Miles Marsico as Anton

### Voices 
*Michael J. Fox as Stuart Little
*Chazz Palminteri as Smokey the Chief
*Nathan Lane as Snowbell
*Steve Zahn as Monty the Mouth
*David Alan Grier as Red
*Bruno Kirby as Reginald Stout
*Jennifer Tilly as Camille Stout
*Jim Doughan as Lucky

### Filming
Principal photography began on September 7, 1998, both on location in New York City and Central Park, and on soundstages at the Sony Pictures Studios in Culver City, California, where Stage 30 was converted into the set for the boat race scene and Stage 15 became the exterior of the 5th Avenue street on which the Little family lives. After twelve weeks, filming wrapped on December 16. The entire shoot was described as "smooth" and "enjoyable" by the crew members.

## References
## Other websites 
*
Otra Cosa

***Otra Cosa*** ("Another Thing") is the fifth studio album by Mexican singer-songwriter Julieta Venegas. It was released worldwide on March 16, 2010.

## Track listing
**Otra Cosa Más - EP**  (Walmart Exclusive)(only US)

* "Bien o mal"
* "Despedida"
* "Debajo de Mi Lengua"
* "Me Voy"
* "Andar Conmigo"
* "Limón y Sal"

## References
Rooster Teeth

**Rooster Teeth Productions, LLC.** or **Rooster Teeth** is a movie making company in Austin, Texas, United States. It makes live action short videos, animated videos, video game animations, and voiced video game playing called ''Let's Play''. The creator, Burnie Burns, made voice-over videos of Bungie Studios' big first-person shooter video game Halo: Combat Evolved. These videos led to the making of *Red vs. Blue*, an awarded funny science-fiction set of videos released on April 1, 2003. These are still being made, and its 12th season came out on April 28, 2014. Rooster Teeth also makes live-action short videos, funny game play under the name Achievement Hunter, making video games, and full animated videos such as RWBY. Rooster Teeth hosts its community meeting, RTX, yearly in Austin, Texas.

In 2015, Rooster Teeth released its large movie debut, *Lazer Team*, a science-fiction funny movie.

On March 6, 2024, it was announced that Rooster Teeth would shut down.

## References
1980 Republican National Convention

The **1980 National Convention** of the Republican Party of the United States. It was held at the Joe Louis Arena in Detroit, Michigan. It took place from July 14 to July 17, 1980. The 32nd Republican National Convention nominated former Governor Ronald W. Reagan of California for President. It also nominated former congressman George H. W. Bush of Texas for Vice President. 

## References
## Other websites
*Ronald Reagan's nomination acceptance speech
Samsung Galaxy S5

**Samsung Galaxy S5**, **Galaxy S5** or just **GS5** is an Android smartphone made by Samsung Electronics. The phone was released on 11 April 2014 in 150 countries as the successor to the Samsung Galaxy S4. Like the Samsung Galaxy S4, the Samsung Galaxy S5 is similar to the prior year model, placing a large focus on a better build with a textured rear cover and IP67 rating for dust and water proof (up to ), a better user feel, new security items such as a fingerprint scanner and private mode, expanded health items (such as a built-in heart rate scanner), and an updated camera.

The successor of the Samsung Galaxy S5 is the Samsung Galaxy S6. The Galaxy S5 became the first Samsung smartphone to have a fingerprint scanner.

## Features 
Galaxy S5 has 5.1 inch Full HD Super AMOLED screen, 2800mAh battery capacity, 2GB RAM, 16MP single HDR back camera, 2MP single selfie camera, 16/32GB storage options, 128 microSD card and fingerprint scanner.

## Software 
Samsung Galaxy S5 ran Android 4.4 KitKat, it can upgrade to the other versions like Android 5.1 Lollipop and Android 6.0 Marshmallow when they came out. It had a 'Download Booster' in settings menu that making WI-FI and LTE faster.

## Problems 
BBC reported Galaxy S5 fingerprint scanner has been hacked in less than a week after the phone went on sale.

## Reviews 
Wired reviewed the Galaxy S5, it has good reviews like beautiful all-screen design, ultrasonic fingerprint sensor, wireless charging with power sharing and headphone jack. It has bad reviews like wireless power sharing is slow and the camera is great but still not as good as the Pixel 3's night shot. The overall rating 9/10.

## Related pages
* Samsung Galaxy

## References 
## Other websites 
*
1980 Republican Party presidential primaries

The **1980 Republican presidential primaries** were how voters of the Republican Party chose its nominee for President of the United States in the 1980 U.S. presidential election. 

Former California Governor Ronald Reagan was selected as the nominee through a series of primary elections and caucuses which happened in the Republican National Convention held from July 14 to July 17, 1980, in Detroit, Michigan.

## Nominees

File:Ronald Reagan 1981 presidential portrait.jpg|Former Governor **Ronald Reagan** of California

### Withdrew during primaries

File:John B. Anderson in New Jersey (cropped).jpg|U.S. Congressman **John B. Anderson** of Illinois (withdrew April 24, 1980)
File:Howard Baker photo.jpg|Senate Minority Leader **Howard Baker** of Tennessee (withdrew March 5, 1980)
File:George H. W. Bush official CIA portrait.jpg|Former CIA director **George H.&nbsp;W. Bush** of Texas (withdrew May 26, 1980)
File:Portrait of John Connally.jpg|Former Governor **John Connally** of Texas (withdrew March 9, 1980)
File:PhilCrane.jpg|U.S. Congressman **Phil Crane** of Illinois (withdrew March 20, 1980)
File:Bob Dole bioguide.jpg|U.S. Senator **Bob Dole** of Kansas (withdrew March 15, 1980)
|Businessman **Ben Fernandez** of California
File:HaroldStassenOfficialOil.jpg|Former Minnesota Governor **Harold Stassen** of Pennsylvania

### Withdrew before primaries

File:Larry Pressler.jpg|Senator **Larry Pressler** of South Dakota (withdrew January 8, 1980)
File:Lweicker.jpg|Senator **Lowell Weicker** of Connecticut (withdrew May 16, 1979)

### Declined to run
The following potential candidates declined to run for the Republican nomination in 1980.

File:Frank Borman.jpg|Former Astronaut **Frank Borman** of Indiana
File:Bill brock.jpg|RNC Chairman **Bill Brock** of Tennessee
File:JohnDanforth.jpg|Senator **John Danforth** of Missouri
File:Petedupont.jpg|Governor **Pete du Pont** of Delaware
File:Gerald Ford.jpg|Former President **Gerald Ford** of Michigan
File:Jack Kemp-Congressional Portrait Collection.jpg|Representative **Jack Kemp** of New York
File:Secretary of State Alexander Haig.jpg|Former NATO Commander **Alexander Haig** of Pennsylvania
File:John Heinz.jpg|Senator **John Heinz** of Pennsylvania
File:Charlesmathiasjr.jpg|Senator **Charles Mathias** of Maryland
File:Charles Percy.jpg|Senator **Chuck Percy** of Illinois

File:ElliotLeeRichardson.jpg|Former Commerce Secretary **Elliot Richardson** of Massachusetts
File:Williamruckelshaus.jpeg|Former FBI Director **William Ruckelshaus** of Indiana
File:William E Simon.jpg|Former Treasury Secretary **Bill Simon** of New Jersey
File:Bio thompson.jpg|Governor **Jim Thompson** of Illinois

## References
## Other websites
*. online review by Lou Cannon
1984 Republican National Convention

and Bush at the convention]]
The **1984 National Convention** of the Republican Party of the United States. It was held on August 20 to August 23, 1984, at Dallas Convention Center in downtown Dallas, Texas. The convention nominated President Ronald W. Reagan and  Vice President George H. W. Bush for reelection. 

## References
## Other websites
* CNN: Address on Foreign Policy delivered August 20 by Jeane Kirkpatrick, Ambassador to the United Nations
* C-SPAN: [rtsp://video.c-span.org/project/c04/c04072904_reagan84.rm Acceptance Speech] delivered August 23 by President Reagan
The Marrying Man

***The Marrying Man*** (also known as *Too Hot to Handle*) is a 1991 American romantic comedy movie released by Hollywood Pictures. Kim Basinger plays Vicki. Alec Baldwin plays Charley. Elisabeth Shue plays Adele.

The movie received poor reviews from the critics. Basinger earned a Golden Raspberry Award nomination for Worst Actress.

## Other websites
*
Raymond Martin (cyclist)

**Raymond Martin** (born 22 May 1949) is a French retired professional cyclist. In the 1980 Tour de France he finished third overall and won the Polka dot jersey for being the best climber. He also competed in the individual road race at the 1972 Summer Olympics.

## Palmarès 
;1972
: National Amateur Road Race Championship
;1974
:GP Ouest-France
:Lescouet-Jugon
:Route Niveroise
;1975
:Paris–Camembert
;1978
:Grand Prix de Plumelec-Morbihan
:Josselin
;1979
:Paris–Camembert
;1980
:Agon-Coutainville
:Lescouet-Jugon
:Trophée des Grimpeurs
:1980 Tour de France:
::Winner stage 13
:: Winner mountains classification
::3rd place overall classification
;1982
:1982 Tour de France:
::8th place overall classification

## References
## Other websites
*Official Tour de France results for Raymond Martin (cyclist)
1976 Republican National Convention

and his wife Betty celebrate at the end of the convention]]
The **1976 Republican National Convention** was a United States political convention of the Republican Party that met from August 16 to August 19, 1976 to select the party's nominee for President. 

It was held in Kemper Arena in Kansas City, Missouri, the convention nominated President Gerald R. Ford for a full term, but only after narrowly defeating a strong challenge from former California Governor Ronald W. Reagan. 

The convention also nominated Senator Robert J. Dole of Kansas for Vice President, instead of Vice President Nelson Rockefeller.
1984 Republican Party presidential primaries

The **1984 Republican presidential primaries** were how voters of the Republican Party chose its nominee for President of the United States in the 1984 U.S. presidential election. 

Current President Ronald Reagan was again selected as the nominee through a series of primary elections and caucuses which happened in the 1984 Republican National Convention. It was held from August 20 to August 23, 1984 in Dallas, Texas.

The primaries were uneventful as Reagan was bound to win the nomination because of his popularity within the party.

## Candidates
### Nominee

Image:Ronald Reagan 1981 presidential portrait.jpg|President **Ronald Reagan** of California

### Withdrew during primaries

|Ambassador **Ben Fernandez** of California
Image:Harold Stassen.jpg|Former Governor **Harold Stassen** of Minnesota

## Other websites
1976 Republican Party presidential primaries

The **1976 Republican presidential primaries** were how voters of the Republican Party chose its nominee for President of the United States in the 1976 U.S. presidential election.

Current President Gerald Ford was selected as the nominee through a series of primary elections and caucuses which was held in the 1976 Republican National Convention. It was held from August 16 to August 19, 1976 in Kansas City, Missouri. The 1976 primary was the first Republican primary to hold primaries in every state, the Democrats held the first nationwide primary in 1972.

## Nominees

Image:Gerald Ford.jpg|President **Gerald Ford** of Michigan
Image:Ronald Reagan 1981 presidential portrait.jpg|Former Governor **Ronald Reagan** of California
Image:Spiro Agnew.jpg|Former Vice President **Spiro Agnew** of Maryland
Image:Howard Baker photo.jpg|Senator **Howard Baker** of Tennessee
File:Edward Brooke.jpg|Senator **Edward Brooke** of Massachusetts 
Image:JamesLBuckley.jpg|Senator **James Buckley** of New York 
File:Daniel J. Evans.jpg|Governor **Dan Evans** of Washington
Image:BarryGoldwater.jpg|Senator **Barry Goldwater** of Arizona
Image:John Connally.jpg|Former Governor and Secretary of Treasury **John Connally** of Texas

Image:Charlesmathiasjr.jpg|Senator **Charles Mathias** of Maryland
Image:Charles Percy.jpg|Senator **Charles Percy** of Illinois
Image:Nelson A. Rockefeller - National Security Council Meeting 1975.jpg|Vice President **Nelson Rockefeller** of New York
Image:ElliotLeeRichardson.jpg|Commerce Secretary **Elliot L. Richardson** of Massachusetts
Image:Harold Stassen.jpg|Former Governor **Harold E. Stassen** of Minnesota

## References
Clean Bandit

**Clean Bandit** is a British electronic group. They were formed in Cambridge, England in 2008.

## Band members
*Jack Patterson – bass guitar, keyboard, vocals
*Luke Patterson – drums
*Grace Chatto – cello, vocals

### Past band members
* Ssegawa-Ssekintu Kiwanuka (2008–2010) – vocals
* Neil Amin-Smith – violin, piano

## Discography
### Albums
* *New Eyes* (2014)

### Singles
*"A+E" (featuring Kandaka Moore and Nikki Cislyn) (2012)
*"Mozart's House" (featuring Love Ssega) (2013)
*"Dust Clears" (featuring Noonie Bao) (2013)
*"Rather Be" (featuring Jess Glynne) (2014)
*"Extraordinary" (featuring Sharna Bass)	(2014)
*"Come Over" (featuring Stylo G) (2014)	
*"Real Love" (with Jess Glynne) 2014
*Rockabye (featuring Sean Paul & Anne-Marie) (2016)
*
## References
## Other websites
*
Bret Easton Ellis

**Bret Easton Ellis** (born March 7, 1964) is an American writer. 

Ellis was born in Los Angeles, California to rich parents. He was raised in Sherman Oaks, Los Angeles. He attended schools for the rich and famous. He also attended Bennington College. 

Ellis's third novel was *American Psycho* in 1991. It made him famous. In 1998, it was still selling 25,000 copies a year. His violent acts are described in detail. The Los Angeles chapter of the National Organization for Women (NOW) called for a boycott of the book. NOW described it as "a how-to novel on the torture and dismemberment of women". Easton's publisher Simon and Schuster ended their contract with Ellis. Christian Bale played the lead role.

In 1994, Easton's book of 13 related short stories, *The Informers*, was published. The stories were set in Los Angeles. *Glamorama* was published in 1998. *Lunar Park* was published in 2005.

## Bibliography
* *Less Than Zero* (1985)
* *The Rules of Attraction* (1987)
* *American Psycho* (1991)
* *The Informers* (linked short stories, 1994)
* *Glamorama* (1998)
* *Lunar Park* (2005)
* *The Shards* (2023, see shard)

## References
Mini Metro (video game)

***Mini Metro*** is a strategy simulation video game. It is about creating an efficient subway system for a rapidly growing city.

## Gameplay 
In this game, the player designs a subway station. The object is to get the people to their requested station. The game ends when the station becomes overpopulated. The game is simple at first. Over time, it becomes more complicated and challenging. The point of the game is to run the simulation as long as possible.

## Layout 
*Mini Metro* has a very modern layout. The subway cars are simply moving rectangles, the rails are simply lines, and the tunnels are dotted lines.

### Stations 
*Mini Metro*'s stations each are a different shape.

Common Stations:

"Unique" Stations:

Only one of each Unique station can appear each game.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Let's Look At: Mini Metro!, YouTube
Santander

**Santander** may refer to:

## Geography
*Santander, Spain, the original place with this name, a port city and capital of Cantabria, Spain
*Norte de Santander, a department of Colombia
**Puerto Santander, a municipality in the Norte de Santander Department of Colombia
*Santander Department, a department of Colombia
*Santander de Quilichao, a municipality in the Cauca Department of Colombia
*Santander, Cebu, a municipality in the province of Cebu, Philippines

## Banking 
*Grupo Santander, a Spanish banking group
Nina Badrić

**Nina Badrić** (born 4 July 1972) is a Croatian pop singer. She was born in Zagreb, Croatia. At age 9 she started singing with the children's choir *Zvjezdice*. At age twenty she signed a singing contract. While not commonly heard in the west, she is popular in Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Slovenia and Turkey. 

## Discography 
### Studio albums 
* Godine nestvarne (Croatia, 1995)
* Personality (Zg Zoe Music, 1997)
* Unique (Croatia, 1999)
* Nina (Croatia, 2000)
* Ljubav (Aquarius, 2003)
* 07 (Aquarius, 2007)
* NeBo (Aquarius, 2011)

## References 
## Other websites
* Nina Badrić's page
Leopold von Ranke

**Leopold von Ranke** (21 December 1795 – 23 May 1886) was a German historian. Modern history writing is greatly influenced by him. He made focusing on primary sources and international relations in history writing, popular.

## Life
Ranke was born 21 December 1795 in Wiehe in Electoral Saxony. He was educated at local schools in Donndorf and Pforta. For that reason he insisted on using primary sources. Ranke retired as a professor in 1871, but still wrote history. In 1880 he started writing a book on world history, beginning in Ancient Egypt with the story of the Israelites. When he died in 1886 he had not finished his book, and had only written up to the 12th century. 

## Honors 
In 1831 the Prussian Government asked Ranke to start and edit the *Historisch-Politische Zeitschrift* journal. Ranke, who was conservative, sometimes used the journal to attack liberalism. In 1841 Ranke was made Royal Historiographer of the Prussian Court. In 1865 Ranke was made a noble, and in 1882 he was made a member of the Prussian Privy Council. In 1885 he was elected to the American Philosophical Society.

## References
Penagos

**Penagos** is a municipality in the Province of Cantabria, in Cantabria, Spain.

It has an area of 31.67 km² and a population of 2,167 people.
The God of Abraham Praise

"**The God of Abraham Praise**" is a Christian version of the Jewish hymn Yigdal. It was first translated and made into a Christian hymn by Thomas Olivers after a visit to the Great Synagogue of London in 1770. It was first published in 1772.

## References
## Other websites 
* YouTube; The God of Abraham Praise hymn
Aurelio González Puente

**Aurelio González Puente** (born 26 July 1940 in Valle de Villaverde) is a Spanish retired professional cyclist. He won the polka dot jersey for best climber in the 1968 Tour de France. He also won the climbing competition in the 1967 Giro d'Italia. He won stages at the Tour de France, Giro d'Italia, Tour de Suisse and Dauphiné Libéré.

## Palmarès 
;1967
:Giro d'Italia:
::Winner stage 22A
::Winner mountains classification
;1968
:Tour de France:
::Winner stage 6
::Winner mountains classification

## References 
## Other websites
*Aurelio Gonzalez at the Cycling Archives
Sundsvall Bridge

The **Sundsvall Bridge** () is a bridge located in Sundsvall in Sweden. The bridge crosses the Bay of Sundsvall, and creates a bypass past the town. The road on the bridge is a motorway, which is a part of European route E4.

The bridge is  long. It was opened for traffic 18 December 2014.

## References
Sandö Bridge

The **Sandö Bridge** () is a concrete arch bridge crossing the Ångerman River in Kramfors Municipality in the northern parts of Sweden. It has a free span of 264 meters and is 42 meters above the water.

During construction, the bridge collapsed on 31 August 1939. This led to 18 construction workers being killed. Construction was completed in 1943.

## References
New Blood Rising

**New Blood Rising** was a professional wrestling pay-per-view show made by World Championship Wrestling (WCW). It was held on August 13, 2000 at Pacific Coliseum in Vancouver, British Columbia. New Blood Rising replaced Road Wild as WCW's August pay-per-view. The pay-per-view's name is a reference to the New Blood stable in WCW.

## Matches
1"Canadian Rules" is that, instead of the traditional three-count, the referee has to use a five-count. After the five-count, the wrestler has to stay down for ten seconds. If both of the wrestlers are still down for a ten-count for any reason, the first man who gets to his feet wins the match. Also, there are no submissions and no count-outs.

2After he was not at the pay-per-view because of a (kayfabe) mysterious motorcycle accident, Goldberg did not show up until the middle of the match. Then, in a worked shoot, Goldberg would walk out on the match, because he apparently refused to take Kevin Nash's Jacknife Powerbomb.

## References
City Thameslink railway station

**City Thameslink** is a National Rail station in the City of London. The southern  is on Ludgate Hill near Ludgate Circus. The northern entrance is on Holborn Viaduct.

## Services 
All services are run by Thameslink.

## References
SIM card

A **SIM card** is a smart card that is used in mobile phones, to identify the client. SIM stands for subscriber identity module. A SIM card has a microchip, and its use is protected by a PIN. When the phone is powered on, its international mobile subscriber identity number (IMSI) is broadcast. The microchip is also needed for some encryption and decryption. The SIM card and the device that it is used in (the mobile phone) are often referred to as the *Mobile station*.

SIM cards come in different sizes. Full-size SIM cards, which are about the same size as a credit card, are not used in phones anymore. Most smartphones use either micro SIM or nano SIM cards, but older ones use mini SIM.
## Embedded SIM cards
Later, so called embedded SIM cards were developed. These are usually referred as eSIM. The work  the same way as the older SIM cards, but they allow to store more than one profile. Only one profile can be active at the same time. This makes it possible to sell phones without a profile. In such phones, a profile needs to be loaded onto the eSIM before the phone can be used. As the eSIM is an integrated circuit, such phones no longer need a physical slot for a SIM card.
Sonja Aldén

**Sonja Aldén**, born 20 December 1977, in St Albans, England, UK, is a Swedish singer. In 2006, 2007 and 2012 she participated at Melodifestivalen. She has also worked together with Shirley Clamp and Sanna Nielsen. Also, she has written songs for other artists, like  hard rock/heavy metal band The Poodles, who also participated in the Swedish Melodifestivalen 2006 with the song *Night of Passion*. She has attended the Adolf Fredrik's Music School in Stockholm.

## Discography
### Albums
### Joint albums
### Singles
;as Sanna, Shirley, Sonja

## References
## Other websites 
* Official Website  (In Swedish)
Shirley Clamp

**Shirley Natasja Clamp**, born 17 February 1973 in Borås, Sweden, is a British Swedish pop singer. She has scored several Top 10 albums and singles in Sweden. She also competed at Melodifestivalen several times, and reached the finals ending up second in 2004 and fourth in 2005.

## Discography
### Albums
### Joint albums
### Other singles
*2002 - My Life (C'est ma vie) (with Christer Björkman) (Pride-anthem 2002)
*2003 - Mr. Memory
*2004 - Do They Know It's Christmas? #28

## References
## Other websites
* Official website
Afro-Colombian

**Afro-Colombians** are people who are from the country of Colombia and who have ancestors who are African. There is a large population of Colombians of African descent.  

## History 
Spanish colonists brought African slaves to Cartagena in the sixteenth century. They were purchased to replace the indigenous peoples who died under the harsh working conditions in the mines and on the plantations. The main slave port for the colony (then Granada) was Cartagena. By 1600 about 100,000 slaves had been brought to the colony. The rate increased after 1650 because of labor needed for the gold mines.  were harsher for some slaves than others. Most were allowed to mine, farm and sell their goods for one day a week. The money they made could buy their freedom. Slave rebellions in the sixteenth and eighteenth centuries had slaves forming their own villages in uncontrolled areas. Slavery was ed in 1851.

## References
Roberto Sagastume Pinto

**Roberto Obdulio Sagastume Pinto** (24 November 1944 &ndash; 1 December 2014) was a Guatemalan politician and educator. He served as Mayor of Esquipulas from 1986 through 1988 and again from 1996 through 2000. Pinto also served as Governor of Chiquimula from 2001 through 2003. Pinto was born in Esquipulas, Guatemala.

Pinto died in a car crash in Esquipulas, Guatemala, aged 70.

## References
## Other websites
Giorgio Ardisson

**Giorgio Ardisson**,  also known as **George Ardisson** (31 December 1931 – 11 December 2014), was an Italian actor. He was known for his roles in *Agent 3S3: Passport to Hell* and *Agent 3S3, Massacre in the Sun*. Ardisson was born in Turin, Italy.

Ardisson died in Rome, Italy, aged 82.

## Other websites
*
Ivor Grattan-Guinness

**Ivor Owen Grattan-Guinness** (23 June 1941 – 12 December 2014) was an English historian and mathematician. He was a historian of mathematics and logic. 

Grattan-Guinness was born in Bakewell, Derbyshire. He gained his bachelor degree as a Mathematics Scholar at Wadham College, Oxford, and an MSc (Econ) in Mathematical Logic and the Philosophy of Science at the London School of Economics in 1966. He died on 12 December 2014, aged 73.

## References
## Other websites
* Encomium  at Mathematical Sciences Foundation
Santander, Spain

**Santander** (; ) is a city on the north coast of Spain. It is the capital of the autonomous community of Cantabria. As of 2013, 178,465 people lived there.

Santander has an oceanic climate (*Cfb* in the Koeppen climate classification).
John Persen

**John Persen** (9 November 1941 &ndash; 12 December 2014) was a Norwegian composer. He was born in Porsanger, Norway. He was the son-in-law of Finn Strømsted. He was awarded Lindemanprisen in 1999, and Edvardprisen twice, and was awarded honorary membership of the Norwegian Society of Composers. 

Persen died in Oslo, Norway, aged 73.

## References
Lonesome George

**Lonesome George** (c. 1910 &nbsp;– June 24, 2012) was a male Pinta Island tortoise (*Chelonoidis nigra abingdonii*) and the last known individual of the subspecies. In his last years, he was known as the rarest creature in the world. George served as a potent symbol for conservation efforts in the Galápagos Islands and throughout the world.

## References
## Other websites
Apex predator

**Apex predators** are predators with no natural predators of their own. They are at the top of their food chain.

Apex predators have big effects on the animals and plants lower down the food chain. If they become extinct in an area, many changes happen. In recent times, it is often humans who have removed top predators.

An example of apex predators affecting an ecosystem is in Yellowstone National Park. After the gray wolf was reintroduced, in 1995, researchers noticed big changes occurring in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem.  Elk, the primary prey of the gray wolf, became less abundant and changed their behavior. This freed the riparian (river) zones from constant grazing.  This allowed willows, aspens, and cottonwoods to grow, so creating a habitat for beaver, moose, and scores of other species.  In addition to the effects on prey species, the gray wolf's presence also affected the park's grizzly bear, a vulnerable species.  The bears, emerging from hibernation, chose to scavenge off wolf kills after fasting for months.  They can also eat wolf kills in autumn to prepare for hibernation.  As grizzly bears give birth during hibernation, a greater food supply may improve the mother’s nutrition and increase the number of cubs.  Dozens of other species, including eagles, ravens, magpies, coyotes, and black bears, have been seen scavenging from wolf kills.

## References