open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Pituitary adenoma

**Pituitary adenomas** are tumors that occur in the pituitary gland. Pituitary tumors are generally divided into three kinds dependant upon their biological functioning: benign adenoma, invasive adenoma or carcinomas, with carcinomas accounting for 0.1% to 0.2%, appoximately 35% being invasive adenomas and most being benign adenomas. Pituitary adenomas represent from 10% to 25% of all brain tumors and is thought to happen in about 17% to 25% of most people.

Non-invasive and non-secreting pituitary adenomas are considered to be benign [harmless]; but a recent large study (Fernández-Balsells, *et al.* 2011) has shown there are few studies to prove if this is true or not.

Adenomas that are bigger than  are called *macroadenomas*, and those smaller than 10&nbsp;mm are called *microadenomas*. Most pituitary adenomas are microadenomas. Most pituitary microadenomas often remain undiagnosed and those that are diagnosed are often found as an *incidental finding* [which means found by chance], and are called *incidentalomas*.

Invasive adenomas may invade the dura mater, cranial bone, or sphenoid bone. It used to be thought that clinically active pituitary adenomas were rare but recent studies have suggested that they may affect about one in 1000 of the general population.

## References
Ruby Tjangawa Williamson

**Ruby Tjangawa Williamson** is a Pitjantjatjara artist from Amaṯa, in central Australia. She makes acrylic paintings and traditional wood carvings, and is one of the most successful artists from the region. Her paintings have attracted critical acclaim for her unusually modern style. Ruby paints sacred stories from the Dreamtime that have  or lessons from her people's traditional law. She uses the typical style of the Western Desert, but the techniques and imagery are more modern. Her style is said to be .

Ruby is a member of the Pitjantjatjara nation. She was born about 1940, at a sacred site near Kata Ala, Western Australia. She grew up with her family in the bushland along the western side of the border with South Australia. Her family spent most of their time travelling between her father's homeland near Pukara and her mother's around Mantamaru. When Ruby was a teenager, they followed other Pitjantjatjara families to settle at Ernabella, far to the east. Ruby grew up and went to school at the mission there until she got married.

Ruby's husband was a stockman whose family came from what is now Amaṯa, west of Ernabella. After they got married, they moved north to Areyonga, where he worked on the cattle station. They later moved back to his homeland, where he got a job on the Musgrave Park station. They had five children together, before her husband died in his early 40s.

In 1999, the senior women of Amaṯa, including Ruby, founded Minymaku Arts (it is now called Tjala Arts). Ruby began working there herself in 2000. Her first solo exhibitions were in Hobart in 2003 and 2005, and then in Melbourne in 2008. Her artwork has been shown alongside works by other Tjala artists in every major city in Australia. She has also had her work shown in group exhibitions in Singapore and the United States. Her work is held in the National Gallery of Victoria, the Art Gallery of South Australia, the Queensland Art Gallery, the National Gallery of Australia, and the Museum and Art Gallery of the Northern Territory.

## References
## More reading
*
The Trevor Project

**The Trevor Project** is an American nonprofit group started in 1998.  It offers help to lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and questioning (LGBTQ) young people who may be thinking of killing or hurting themselves. They have a telephone number which is free to call for help and someone to talk to.

## References
Skull bossing

s become bigger than normal.]]
**Skull bossing** is when the bones of the skull become bigger than normal. It most often occurs in the frontal bones beneath the forehead. Skull bossing may happen from different medical conditions.

## Frontal bossing
**Frontal bossing** is when the forehead becomes bigger than normal which may also make the brow ridge (eyebrow part of the face) stick out more. It happens when the frontal bone becomes bigger because of a medical condition. This often happens when other facial bones of the skull become bigger too, as well as the jaw bone and the bones in the hands and feet. Frontal bossing is usually seen in a few rare medical syndromes such as acromegaly - a chronic medical disorder in which the anterior pituitary  gland makes to much growth hormone (GH).

## Turricephaly
Turricephaly often called "tower skull", may be caused by different medical conditions. In some cases such as Apert and Pfeiffer syndromes, it is caused when sutures in the skull close before they are supposed to.

Turricephaly is also one of the most common problems which affect the bones of the face and skull in those with Sickle-cell disease.

## Medical disorders that may cause skull bossing
*Acromegaly
*Basal cell nevus syndrome
*Congenital syphilis
*Cleidocranial dysostosis
*Crouzon syndrome
*Hurler syndrome
*Pfeiffer syndrome
*Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome
*Russell-Silver syndrome (Russell-Silver dwarf)
*Sickle-cell disease
*Trimethadione (antiseizure drug) use during pregnancy
*Beta-thalassemia (due to expansion of bone marrow secondary to increased hematopoiesis)

## References
Kids Help Phone

**Kids Help Phone** (), is a Canadian service for children and young people. It provides counselling and information on the phone and the internet to children who may have problems that they need to talk about with someone. The telephone number is free to call or the person may leave a post on the Kids Help Phone website. 

As a charity Kids Help phone relies on the support of community-based volunteers and individual and corporate donors for financial support.

## References
Aligarh Muslim University

........ **ALIGARH MUSLIM UNIVERSITY(AMU)**.......
The **Aligarh Muslim University (AMU)** is a major university in the town of Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India. It was originally founded by Sir Syed Ahmed Khan in 1875, as the Mohammedan Anglo-Oriental College (better known as MAO College). It became a full university in 1920.

Osman Ali Khan, Asaf Jah VII donated 5 Lakh Indian Rupees in the 1930s towards this University.

## AMU Journal
**AMU Journal** is an independent educational community and media organization. It is run by students and alumni. It was started in the year 2016 by a group of Aligarh Muslim University students to cover campus activities and raise campus issues. Later it became a media portal and educational community.

AMU Journal relaunched its website on 17 October 2016 via Aligarh Muslim University Public relations officer, Proctor and Deputy in collaboration with University Training and placement office.

## References
## Other websites
* Official Website
John Glover

**John Soursby Glover, Jr.** (born August 7, 1944) is an American movie, television, stage, and voice actor. He is known for his roles in *RoboCop 2*, *Scrooged*, *Batman & Robin*, *Gremlins 2: The New Batch*, and in his television role as Lionel Luther in *Smallville*. He won an Tony Award in 1995.

Glover was born in Kingston, New York on August 7, 1944. He was raised in Salisbury, Maryland. Glover studied at Wicomico High School and at Towson University. Glover is openly gay. He is partners with Adam Kurtzman since 1993.

## References
## Other websites
* John Glover official website 
* 
*
The Jed Foundation

**The Jed Foundation** is a non-profit organization working to reduce the rate of suicide and emotional distress among college students. It is the largest such effort in the United States. It works with the government program, Suicide Prevention Resource Center, to develop and spread suicide prevention strategies. 

## History
The Jed Foundation was founded in 2000 by Donna and Phil Satow. Their son Jed, a second year student at the University of Arizona, ended his life after struggling with college life. The organization works with the Suicide Prevention Resource Center, set up in 2002 by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.

## References
Frontal bone

The **frontal bone** or * **os frontis** *is a bone in the front of the human skull. The biggest part of the frontal bone is under the forehead. The name comes from the Latin word *frons* (meaning "forehead"). It bone is made up of three joined parts.

The illustration below shows the browridges which protected the Neanderthal face.

## References
Nathan Lane

**Nathan Lane** (born **Joseph Lane**, February 3, 1956) is an American actor and writer. He is known for voicing Timon in *The Lion King* (1994). He won three Tony Awards, an Screen Actors Guild Award, an Emmy Award, and an Drama Desk Award.

In television, he is known for his roles in *Modern Family*, *The Good Wife* and *The People v. O. J. Simpson: American Crime Story*.

Lane won three Tony Awards for his stage roles in *A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to the Forum*, *The Producers* and for *Angels in America*.

Lane was born on February 3, 1956 in Jersey City, New Jersey. He studied at St. Peter's Preparatory High School. He is openly gay. In 2015, Lane married Devlin Elliott.

## Filmography
## References
## Other websites
* 
*
Tara Strong

**Tara Lyn Strong** (born **Tara Lyn Charendoff** born February 12, 1973) is a Canadian and American actress. She is known for her role as Ben Tennyson from *Ben 10*, Twilight Sparkle from *My Little Pony*, Timmy Turner from *The Fairly OddParents*, Daizy from *Wow! Wow! Wubbzy!*, Candy Needlemeyer from *The Amazing World of Gumball*, Terrence from ''Foster's Home for Imaginary Friends*, multiple characters from *Camp Lazlo*, Princess Unikitty from *Unikitty!* and Dil from *Rugrats''.

## Early life 
Strong was born on February 12, 1973, in Toronto, Ontario. Her father, who is Jewish, is from Toronto. Her mother who is Jewish, is from Toronto of Russian descent.

## Personal life 
She married to Craig Strong in 2000. They have two sons: Sammy (born 2002) and Aden (born 2004).

## References
## Other websites
*
*
List of United States senators from Connecticut

This is a list of the **United States senators from Connecticut**.

United States senators are elected for a six-year term.  The term begins on January 3. Elections are held the first Tuesday after November 1. Before 1914, senators were chosen by the Connecticut General Assembly.  Before 1935, their terms began March 4.

Senators are placed in different classes.  This is so both senators for a state are not elected during the same year.

__TOC__

## Class 1 
Class 1 senators had elections in 1994, 2000, 2006, and 2012.

## Class 3 
Class 3 senators were elected in 1998, 2004, 2010, and 2016.
Ryan O'Neal

'''Charles Patrick Ryan O'Neal, Jr.'* (April 20, 1941 – December 8, 2023) was an American movie, television, stage, and voice actor. He is known for his roles *Paper Moon*, *Barry Lyndon*, *A Bridge Too Far*, and in *A Love Story''.

O'Neal was born on April 20, 1941 in Los Angeles, California. He studied at University High School.

## Personal life
O'Neal was married to Joanna Cook Moore from 1963 until they divorced in 1966. Then he was married to Leigh Taylor-Young from 1967 until they divorced in 1973. He never married Farrah Fawcett. They lived together from 1979 until they split in 1997. They rekindled their relationship in 2001. Until her death from rare form of anal cancer in 2009. They had a son together Redman O’Neal. He had four children, including Tatum O'Neal. He lived in Malibu, California.

O'Neal died on December 8, 2023 at a hospital in Santa Monica, California from congestive heart failure caused by cardiomyopathy at the age of 82.

## References
## Other websites
* 
* 
*
Prognathism

**Prognathism** describes when part or all of the face sticks out more than normal. Humans have *orthognathic* faces. That means the faces is more or less vertical. Most other primates have prognathic faces: their jaws stick out in front of the top part of the head. 

*Nasal prognathism: is when the portion of the face around and including the nose sticks out. Also called upper facial projection.

*Alveolar prognathism:  is when the alveolar (dental) part of the upper jaw (maxilla) sticks out. Also called mid-facial projection. Often causes what is called an "overbite".

*Mandibular prognathism: is when the mandible (lower jaw) sticks out. Often called an "underbite".

## References
Hyperhidrosis

**Hyperhidrosis** is a medical condition in which a person sweats too much. It is often caused by overactive sweat glands. People with hyperhidrosis may sweat even when it is cool and they are at rest. The sweat glands on any area of the human body can be affected by hyperhidrosis but it is usually happens more often in the sweat glands of the palms of the hand, the soles of the feet and the armpits.

## References
Hemoglobin Lepore syndrome

, the delta and beta globin gene loci become crossed or mixed-up a  mutation happens which causes the Hb Lepore trait.]]

**Hemoglobin Lepore syndrome** (Hb Lepore) is a kind of blood disorder caused by a genetic mutation. It was first found in an Italian-American family named Lepore. When a genetic mutation runs in families it is known as a trait.

## Overview
The Hb Lepore trait is found worldwide and may affect people of various races, however the three main kinds of Hb Lepore, usually affects Caucasians of the Southern regions of Central and Eastern Europe.

There are three main kinds of Hb Lepore are named for the areas they were first found in, with various subtypes, the three main kinds are:

* Baltimore (Hb Lepore Baltimore); first described in a family with African ancestry; most common in people from the Balkan countries, Albanians, Croats, Serbs, Slovenes and Romanians. It has also been described in Turks and in regions of Spain and Portugal. A rare case of the Baltimore variety was discovered in an African American woman in the Bronx, New York and called the Hn Lepore-Bronx and another variety was discovered in the city of Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada and called the Hb E-Lepore Saskatoon
* Hollandia (Hb Lepore Hollandia); identified in Papua New Guinea and Bangladesh.
* Washington (Hb Lepore Washington, also known as Hb Lepore Boston or Hb Lepore Washington-Boston);  most common in Italians from Southern Italy

## References
Silent stroke

A **silent stroke** is a kind of stroke that does not cause symptoms that can be seen in a major stroke such as slurred speech. A person who has had a silent stroke usually does not know it. A silent stroke still causes damage to the brain, and places the person at increased risk for both transient ischemic attack and major stroke in the future.

These strokes are called "silent" because they typically happen in parts of the brain that do not cause problems that can be seen like those in a major stroke. A silent stroke usually happens in parts of the brain that control different thought processes, mood regulation and cognitive functions and is a leading cause of vascular cognitive impairment and may also lead to a loss of urinary bladder control.

In a big study in 1998, more than 11 million people were thought to have had a stroke in the United States. About 770,000 of these strokes had symptoms which could be seen and 11 million were first-ever silent strokes. Silent strokes usually cause lesions which are found by the use of neuroimaging such as MRI.

There is more of chance of older people having a silent stroke but it may also happen to younger adults. Women appear to be at higher risk for silent stroke, with hypertension and current cigarette smoking being some of the reasons.

These types of strokes include lacunar and other ischemic strokes and minor hemorrhages. They may also include leukoaraiosis (changes in the white matter of the brain): the white matter is more susceptible to vascular blockage because it has less blood vessels than the cerebral cortex.

In the Cardiovascular Health Study, a study used 3,660 adults over the age of 65, 31% showed evidence of silent stroke in neuroimaging studies using MRI. These people did not know they had a stroke. It is thought that silent strokes are five times more common than strokes that have symptoms.

A silent stroke is different than a transient ischemic attack (TIA). In TIA the symptoms can be seen and may last from a few minutes to 24 hours before getting better. If a person has a TIA there is a bigger chance they may have a major stroke and silent strokes in the future.

## Kinds of silent stroke
*Ischemic stroke: occurs when a blood vessel that brings blood to the brain becomes blocked. This type of stroke happens in 87 percent of all stroke cases.
*Hemorrhagic stroke: occurs when a blood vessel that brings blood to the brain gets weak and splits open causing bleed to come out of the blood vessel. Usually hemorrhagic stroke is caused by two kinds of problems that cause weak blood vessels: aneurysms and arteriovenous malformations (AVMs).
*Lacunar infarcts (LACI) are small (0.2 to 15&nbsp;mm in diameter) noncortical (does not happen in the cerebral cortex) stroke caused by the blockage of a single penetrating branch of a larger blood vessel that brings blood to the inside parts of the brain including the  white matter. LACIs are usually happen in cases of white matter lesions (WML) which can be seen using computerized tomography (CT scans).

## Related pages
* Transient ischemic attack (TIA) or "mini-stroke"

## References
Mangaka

**Mangaka** (漫画家?) is the Japanese word for a comic artist or cartoonist. Outside of Japan, manga usually means a Japanese comic book. Mangaka means the author of the manga, who is usually Japanese.

Some artists may study at an art college, manga school, or take on an apprenticeship with another mangaka.  They then enter the world of manga as a professional artist. However, there are some artists that just start in manga.  One way to do this is by applying to contests that magazines run. For example, Naoko Takeuchi, author of *Sailor Moon*, won such a contest sponsored by Kodansha.  Osamu Tezuka, creator of *Astro Boy*, began his career without being an assistant.
Kari Wahlgren

**Kari K. Wahlgren** (born July 13, 1977) is an American actress and comedian. She is known for her role as Tigress in *Kung Fu Panda: Legends of Awesomeness* notable roles in Nickelodeon, Disney, Cartoon Network from various. She has done voices for many video games. Wahlgren was born in Hoisington, Kansas.

## Animated television 
*Dexter's Laboratory  - Additional voices                                                                                                                                 
**Nutri Ventures -  Additional voices*
**Puppy Dog Pals* - Additional voices 
**Animaniacs* - Additional voices
**The Powerpuff Girls (1998)* - Additional Voices
**The Powerpuff Girls (2016)* - Additional voices
**The Loud House* - Additional voices
**The Super Hero Squad Show* - Additonal voices
**The Fairly OddParents* - Additional voices

## References
## Other websites 
* 
*
988 Suicide & Crisis Lifeline

The **988 Suicide &#38; Crisis Lifeline** is a network of help centers in the United States. It tries to stop people from hurting themselves or committing suicide, and help them through counseling. It is made up of 159 crisis centers in the United States. It has a 24-hour telephone number that is free to call for people who feel like killing themselves or have big problems that they need to talk about with someone. After dialing 9-8-8, the person calling is connected to their nearest crisis center to get immediate counseling and referrals to local mental health services. The Lifeline supports people who call for themselves or someone they care about.

## References
Transformers: Revenge of the Fallen

**Transformers: Revenge of the Fallen** is 2009 American science fiction action movie, based on Hasbro's Transformers toy line, the movie is the second installment of the [Transformers movie series](https://movies.fandom.com/wiki/Transformers_(series)), and the sequel to the 2007 movie Transformers. It was directed by Michael Bay and written by Roberto Orci, Ehren Kruger, and Alex Kurtzman. It stars Shia LaBeouf as Sam Witwicky.

The movie grossed a total of $402 million in North America and $836.5 million worldwide. It was the second most successful movie of 2009, behind *Avatar*.

The movie was nominated for Best Sound Mixing. The movie won five Scream Awards and two Teen Choice Awards. *Revenge of the Fallen* was also nominated for the Saturn Award for Best Science Fiction Film.

It was nominated for seven Razzie Awards. It won three: for the Worst Picture, Worst Director, and Worst Screenplay.

The movie has a sequel, Transformers: Dark of the Moon.

## Plot 
In 17,000 B.C., ancient Transformers gather their energy from stars. One of them, called The Fallen, tries to harvest energy from our sun and is defeated by the others. In 2009, a piece of the Allspark, an extremely powerful cube, is used to bring Megatron back to life. Sam Witwicky is going to college, and is being hunted by evil robots, called Decepticons because he has secret knowledge about The Fallen. The good robots, called the Autobots try to protect Sam because if the Decepticons capture him it could lead to the end of the world. The conflict causes the leader of the Autobots, known as Optimus Prime, to be killed in a fight to keep Sam safe. Sam meets an extremely old Transformer who takes him to Egypt, where the device to get energy from the sun is located. He finds an object there, The Matrix of Leadership, which is used to bring Optimus Prime back to life. Optimus Prime and the other Autobots fight the Decepticons, and Optimus Prime kills The Fallen, stopping him from activating the device to take energy from our sun. The Decepticons retreat and Sam returns to college.

## References
## Other websites
*
*
Paul Fussell

**Paul Fussell** (March 22, 1924 – May 23, 2012) was an American cultural and literary historian, author, writer, and university professor.

## Early life
Fussell was born in Pasadena, California on March 22, 1924. He was the second of three children. His father, Paul Fussell (1895–1973), son of a widowed schoolteacher, became a corporate lawyer in Los Angeles with the firm of O’Melveny & Myers. His mother, Wilhma Wilson Sill (1893–1971), was the daughter of a carriage trimmer in Illinois.

His brother, Edwin Sill Fussell, was an author, poet, and professor of American Studies at the University of California, San Diego. His sister Florence Fussell Lind lives in Berkeley, California.

### Education and World War II
Fussell studied at Pomona College and at Harvard University. After he graduated, he served in World War II from 1943 until a year after the war ended in 1946. He was awarded a Bronze Star Medal and a Purple Heart. After the war, he taught at Connecticut College (1951–55) before moving to Rutgers University in 1955 and finally the University of Pennsylvania in 1983. He also taught at the University of Heidelberg (1957–58) and at King’s College London (1990–92).

## Personal life and death
He was married to Betty Fussell in 1949. The couple had two children, and divorced in 1981. He later was married to Harriette Behringer until his death in 2012. On May 23, 2012, Fussell died in Portland, Oregon of Parkinson's disease at age 88.

## Awards and honors
Fussell's 1975 book *The Great War* and *Modern Memory* won the National Book Award in category Arts and Letters, the National Book Critics Circle Award for Criticism, and the Ralph Waldo Emerson Award of Phi Beta Kappa. It was ranked number 75 in the Modern Library Board's List of the 100 Best Nonfiction Books of the Twentieth Century.

In 1977, Fussell was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Literature. He won the 2005 Hessell-Tiltman Prize for The Boys' Crusade. Fussell was one of the veterans interviewed in the 2007 Ken Burns and Lynn Novick documentary *The War*, and in the 1999 ABC-produced documentary ''The Century: America's Time*.

## References
## Other websites
*Brief biography 
* Obituary from the *New York Times''
*
Rabia Basri

**Rābia al-Adawiyya al-Qaysiyya** (; 717 – 801 AD) was a female Muslim saint and Sufi mystic. She was born in Basra, and is therefore also called **Rābia al-Basrī **().

She was the fourth daughter of her family and therefore named Rābi’a, meaning "fourth". Her family was very poor. She was very devoted to God. When Rābia's father died, she became an orphan. She was captured by thieves and sold into slavery. During the day, she worked for her master. During the night, she prayed to God. Once her master learned about her passionate faith, he immediately released her. He decided to serve her instead.

Rābia became an ascetic. Over time, many came to follow her. Even though Rābia did many favors for them and lived in poverty and hardship, she is said to have never asked for anything, even from God.

The name Rābia is used to describe women of the highest type of spirituality. She is considered one of the most devoted Sufi saints. She is highly revered.

## Notes
A Goofy Movie

***A Goofy Movie*** is a 1995 American animated musical comedy movie.  It was released in theaters on April 7, 1995 by Walt Disney Pictures. The movie has characters from The Disney Afternoon television series *Goof Troop*.

A direct-to-video sequel called *An Extremely Goofy Movie* was released in 2000.

It was originally going to come out in November 1994 but was delayed to 1995.

## Cast
* Bill Farmer as Goofy
* Jason Marsden as Maximilian "Max" Goof
* Jim Cummings as Pete
* Kellie Martin as Roxanne
* Rob Paulsen as P.J.
* Wallace Shawn as Principal Mazur

## Other websites
*
The Tigger Movie

***The Tigger Movie*** is a 2000 American animated musical comedy-drama movie adapted from A. A. Milne's funny stories. It is part of the *Winnie-the-Pooh* series.  The movie has Pooh's friend Tigger in a search for his family tree and other Tiggers like himself.

## Cast 
* Jim Cummings as Tigger and Winnie the Pooh
* Nikita Hopkins as Roo
* Ken Sansom as Rabbit
* John Fiedler as Piglet
* Peter Cullen as Eeyore
* Andre Stojka as Owl
* Kath Soucie as Kanga
* Tom Attenborough as Christopher Robin
* John Hurt as The Narrator

## Awards 
The movie was nominated for many awards in 2000 including the following:

* Annie Award
:: for "Outstanding Individual Achievement for Directing in an Animated Feature Production"
::Jun Falkenstein

:: for "Outstanding Individual Achievement for Music in an Animated Feature Production"
::Richard M. Sherman (music and lyrics)
::Robert B. Sherman (music and lyrics)
::For the song "Round My Family Tree"

:: for "Outstanding Individual Achievement for Voice Acting by a Male Performer in an Animated Feature Production"
::Nikita Hopkins
::As the voice of "Roo".

* Las Vegas Film Critics Society Awards
::The Sierra Award for "Best Family Film"

It was also given an Oppenheim Toy Portfolio Gold Award.

## References
Acromegaly

**Acromegaly** is a medical condition that happens when the anterior (front) pituitary gland makes too much growth hormone (GH), after a person has passed puberty. If this happens before puberty it causes a condition known as gigantism. A number of medical conditions may cause the pituitary gland to make too much growth hormone, but the most common cause is a tumor on the pituitary gland called a pituitary adenoma'

Acromegaly is most commonly diagnosed in middle aged adults, and can result in severe disfigurement, serious complicating conditions, and early death if not treated. Acromegaly is hard to diagnose when it is just beginning. It is usually not found  until 10–12 years after it starts. This is when it causes changes in the way a person looks, especially their face.

## Signs and symptoms
*Headaches
*Vision problems
*Hirsutism (in women): the growth of hair on the face.
*Frontal bossing: the bone underneath the forehead becomes bigger than normal.
*Prognathism: part of the face sticks out more than normal usually the lower jaw.
*Fatigue: the person is often tired.
*High blood pressure
*Skin tags: Small wart-like growth on the skin which is not cancerous.
*Hyperhidrosis: when a person sweats too much.
*Bromhidrosis: Body odor
*Hepatomegaly
*Enlargement of hands and feet
*Cardiomyopathy
*Colonic cancer

## References
Daniel Baldwin

**Daniel Leroy Baldwin** (born October 5, 1960) is an American movie, television, stage, voice actor, movie producer and movie director who is known for being the brother of Alec Baldwin, Stephen Baldwin, and William Baldwin. He is also known for his roles in *Ned Blessing: The True Story of My Life* (1992), *Mulholland Falls* (1996), *Vampires* (1998), *The Pandora Project* (1998), *Stealing Candy (2002), *Paparazzi* (2004), and *Grey Gardens (2009).

Baldwin was born on October 5, 1960 in Massapequa, New York. He studied at from Alfred G. Berner High School and at McKenna Junior High School.

## References
## Other websites
*
*
Doug's 1st Movie

'''''Doug's 1st Movie*** (also known as ***The First Doug Movie Ever'''*) is a 1999 animated movie that was the Disney version of the Nickelodeon television series *Doug''. The film was directed by Maurice Joyce, and the music provided by Mark Watters. It was released on March 26, 1999, and has generally positive reviews. It was produced by Walt Disney Pictures, the film has been made in America.

## Cast
*Billy West as Doug Funnie, Roger Klotz, Boomer
*Thomas McHugh as Lincoln
* Fred Newman as Skeeter Valentine, Mr. Dink, Porkchop, Ned
* Chris Phillips as Larry, Mr. Chiminy
* Constance Shulman as Patti Mayonnaise
* Frank Welker as Herman Melville
* Alice Playten as Beebe Bluff, Elmo
* Guy Hadley as Guy Graham
* Doug Preis as Mr. Funnie, Mr. Bluff, Willie, Chalky, Bluff Agent
* Eddie Korbich as Al & Moo Sleech, Robocrusher
* David O'Brien as Quailman Announcer
* Doris Belack as Mayor Tippi Dink
* Greg Lee as Principal White
* Fran Brill as Mrs. Perigrew

## References
## Other websites
*
Qateel Shifai

**Qateel Shifai** (real name **Aurangzeb**)  (24 December 1919 - 11 July 2001) () was a Pakistani Urdu poet of controversial reputation and work.

## Background
Qateel Shifai was born in Haripur, Hazara Division, British India (now Pakistan). He adopted 'Qateel Shifai' as his pen name in 1938. Due to his father's early death, Qateel was forced to quit his education. Being unsuccessful in his business he decided to move to Rawalpindi, where he started working for a transport company. In 1946, he was called to Lahore to work as the assistant editor of the monthly 'Adab-e-Latif', a literary magazine.

## Early career 
In January 1947, Qateel was asked to help write the songs of a film by a Lahore-based film producer. The first film he helped penned the lyrics for was "Teri Yaad". After that there was no looking back and initially, after working for some time as assistant lyricist to some of the famous poets/lyricists of the time (c.1947-48 to 1956-57), he eventually became a regular full-time film lyricist. Shifai wrote several collections of his poetry but is best known for being a film lyricist. During the 1970s and 1980s, quite some controversy developed regarding his  'misappropriation' of a couple of old poems, which had been adapted as film lyrics/songs in the movie *Gumnaam* (1954). It was later proved that this song, 'Tu lakh chale ri gori thum thum ke', was not Shifai's work and he had to retract his earlier claim and also remove it from a proposed collection of poems and songs he had planned to publish.

## Later career
Later on after the late 1980s, Shifai settled down to a full-time career in the film industry and also produced new volumes of poems and songs, which were considered good. A few of these were also awarded literary prizes. However, even then, the rumors and criticism of his work and talent never wholly died out and he remained a somewhat dubious figure until the end of his career.

Shifai died in  Lahore in July 2001.

## Filmography
*  Bade Dilwala (1999) (lyricist)
*  Yeh Hai Mumbai Meri Jaan (1999) (lyricist)
*  Auzaar (1997) (lyricist)
*  Tamanna (1996) (as Qatil Shafai)
*  Naajayaz (1995) (lyricist) (as Qatil Shafai)
*  Naaraz(1994) (as Qatil Shafai)
*  Waqt hamara hai (as Qatil Shafai)
*  Sir (1993) (lyricist) (as Qateel Shafai)
*  Phir Teri Kahani Yaad Aayee (1993)(lyricist) (as Qateel Shafai)
*  Tahqiqaat (1993) (lyricist) (as Cratil Sipahi)
*  Painter Babu (1983) (lyricist)
*  Shireen Farhad (1975) (lyricist)
*  Naila (1965) (lyricist)
*  Intezar (1956) (assistant lyricist)
*  Gumnaam (1954) (assisted Hakim Ahmad Shuja as junior lyricist)
*  Gulnaar (1953) (asst lyricist)
*  Teri Yaad (1948) (asst lyricist) - (English: Memories) (International: English title)

## References
List of suicide crisis lines

**Suicide crisis lines** are telephone numbers that a person can call if they feel like killing or hurting themselves.

There have been studies in the United States and Australia which show that suicide crisis lines may help people who feel like killing or hurting themselves and may make them feel better.

One of the first of these "hotlines" was the Samaritans, created in 1953 by Chad Varah in the United Kingdom, who managed the church in London which at that time was called St. Steven's Church. He believed there should be a place where people can listen to visitors and callers who thought about killing themselves, and help them feel better. He had this idea after giving a speech to help comfort the family and friends of a 13-year-old girl. Before her death, the girl was extremely worried and had nobody to talk to.

## Crisis line organizations by country
## References
James Sloyan

**James Sloyan** (born February 20, 1940 in Indianapolis, Indiana) is an American actor. He has acted in the television shows *Star Trek* and *Hawaii 5-O*. He acted in the movie *The Sting*. He has also acted in soap operas.

Sloyan is married and has two children, Daniel and Samantha. In 1957, he received a scholarship to the American Academy of Dramatic Arts. He is married to actress Deirdre Lanihan.
Farid-ud-din Attar

**Abū Hamīd bin Abū Bakr Ibrāhīm**, better known by his pen-name ** Farīd-ud-dīn Attār** (i.e. 'Farid-ud-din the perfumer'), was a Persian poet, Sufi and Muslim theoretician. Little is known about his life and he was probably born in Nishapur, Persia, sometime in the 1140s. He died in 1220 AD.  His most famous works are his long allegorical poem, *Mantiq at -Tayr* (The Conference of Birds) and his account of the lives of many Sufi saints, the *Tazkirat el Auliya*, but there is no actual and official proof that it was his book. There is a dispute among religious scholars that this books js just attributed to him.

File:"The Concourse of the Birds", Folio 11r from a Mantiq al-tair (Language of the Birds) MET DT227734.jpg|*Mantiq at -Tayr*
File:"The Concourse of the Birds", Folio 11r from a Mantiq al-tair (Language of the Birds) MET DT227735.jpg|*Mantiq at -Tayr*
File:"The Concourse of the Birds", Folio 11r from a Mantiq al-tair (Language of the Birds) MET DT227736.jpg|*Mantiq at -Tayr*
File:"The Concourse of the Birds", Folio 11r from a Mantiq al-tair (Language of the Birds) MET DT227737.jpg|*Mantiq at -Tayr*
Tamara (Spanish singer)

**Tamara Macarena Valcárcel Serrano** (born 27 June 1984) is a singer from Seville, Spain. She is the granddaughter of singer Rafael Farina.

## Discography
* 1999 – "Gracias"
* 2001 – "Siempre"
* 2003 – "Abrázame"
* 2004 – "Canta Roberto Carlos"
* 2005 – "Lo Mejor de Tu Vida"
* 2006 – "Emociónes en Directo"
* 2007 – "Perfecto"
* 2009 – "Amores"
* 2011 – "Más"
* 2012 – "Encandenados"

## References
Carla Medina

**Carla Rubí Medina Villarreal** (born June 29, 1984), better known as **Carla Medina**, **Carla** or **Amiga de Alejandro Fernández** is a Mexican TV host and singer. She hosted the Disney Channel program *Zapping Zone*.

Medina provided the voice of Trixie in the Spanish soundtrack for *Toy Story 3*.

## Television
**Zapping Zone*, 2002-2012

## References
René Auberjonois

**René Murat Auberjonois** (June 1, 1940 Before his death, he took medications relating to assisted suicide.

## References
## Other websites
*
*
*
*
Nizam-ud-din Auliya

**Sultan-ul-Mashaikh**, **Khwaja Syed Muhammad Nizamuddin Auliya**, (Arabic: سَىدُّ مُحَمَّدٌ نِظَامِ الدَّىنْ اوْلَىاءَ) also known as **Hazrat Nizamuddin** (1238 – 3 April 1325), was a famous Indian Sunni Muslim scholar and Sufi saint of the Chishti Order.  Like his predecessors, he emphasized love as a way to connect with God and humanity, promoting religious pluralism and kindness. His influence in Delhi led to a shift towards mysticism and prayer among Muslims, according to historian Ziauddin Barani.  He had initial good relations with Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq, but their relationship soured due to differences in opinion, leading to regular disputes between them. 

Nizamuddin Auliya was born in Badayun, Uttar Pradesh, India.  He became a follower of Baba Farid, a famous Sufi saint, when he was twenty years old. Nizamuddin focused on helping people, teaching about God, and living simply. He built a place in Delhi where everyone could come to learn and eat.

He believed in loving and serving others, regardless of their social status. He didn't like spending time with powerful rulers and preferred being with ordinary people. He also valued music as a way to connect with God, though he believed it should be without dancing or musical instruments.

Nizamuddin had many students who continued his teachings, including Nasiruddin Chiragh Dehlavi    and Amir Khusro.  His teachings spread throughout India and beyond, forming the Chisti Nizami order of Sufism.

He passed away in 1325, but his shrine in Delhi remains a place of pilgrimage for people of all faiths, especially during special events honoring him and his students. Songs and movies have been made about his life and teachings, celebrating his legacy of love, service, and spiritual devotion.

## References
Pendleton Ward

**Pendleton "Pen" Ward** (born July 8, 1982) is an American animator, musician, screenwriter and producer who works for Cartoon Network Studios and Frederator Studios. He created the three-time Emmy-nominated *Adventure Time* (2010).

Ward was born on July 8, 1982 in Los Angeles, California. He studied at CalArts.

## Television
## References
## Other wbesites
* 
*
J. G. Quintel

**James Garland "J. G." Quintel** (born September 13, 1982) is an American animator, television writer, and voice actor. He is best known as the creator of the animated television series, *Regular Show* on Cartoon Network. He was also the creative director of *The Marvelous Misadventures of Flapjack* on Cartoon Network. He won an Primetime Emmy Award in 2012.

Quintel was born on September 13, 1982 in Hanford, California. He studied at the California Institute of the Arts. 

## Film
## Television
## References
## Other websites
*
*
Recess: School's Out

'''''Recess: School's Out'''* is a 2000 animated movie.  It is based on the Disney television series *Recess''. It was released to theaters in the United States on February 16, 2001. It was released on video and DVD on August 7, 2001.

## References
## Other websites
*
Return to Never Land

***Return to Never Land*** (also known as ***Peter Pan in Return to Never Land*** or simply ***Peter Pan II***) is a 2002 American animated movie. It was produced by DisneyToon Studios in Sydney, Australia. The movie is a sequel to the 1953 *Peter Pan*.

## Voice cast
Because nearly five decades had passed since the original Disney movie, a new cast of voice actors was used for this sequel. Kathryn Beaumont, who was the voice of Wendy in the original, recorded all of the now-adult character's dialogue for *Return to Never Land*. Disney Studios later had Kath Soucie completely rerecord the role.

* Blayne Weaver as Peter Pan
* Harriet Owen as Jane, Young Wendy
* Corey Burton as Captain Hook
* Jeff Bennett as Smee, some Pirates
* Kath Soucie as Wendy Darling
* Andrew McDonough as Danny
* Roger Rees as Edward
* Spencer Breslin as Cubby
* Bradley Pierce as Nibs
* Quinn Beswick as Slightly
* Aaron Spann as Twins
* Dan Castellaneta as some more Pirates
* Jim Cummings as Turk
* Rob Paulsen as Jukes
* Clive Revill as Elderly Officer, Narrator
* Frank Welker as Nana II, Giant Octopus
* Wally Wingert as Chorus
*Mae Whitman as Tinker Bell

## References
Royal Birmingham Society of Artists

The **Royal Birmingham Society of Artists** (also called **RBSA**) is a group of artists who have a lot of experience and education. It is located in an area of Birmingham, England called the Jewellery Quarter. The RSBA has an art gallery there. It is a charity.

## History
It was opened in 1821 and called the *Birmingham Society of Artists*. They had an art gallery and office space located on New Street in 1829. They changed their name to the RBSA in 1868. It was very well known during the Victorian era. It had many famous artists of the time period such as William Morris. RBSA wanted to have an art school, but another art school, the Birmingham School of Art, opened in the area before RBSA could start one. In the late 20th century their original building was going to be destroyed. RBSA moved to an old warehouse. Charles, Prince of Wales opened the new gallery on 12 April 2000. The people who lead the organization are named "President." They have all been artists.

## References
Flugelhorn

A **Flügelhorn** is a musical instrument, a part of the brass family. It looks similar to the trumpet but the tubing is wider and more conical. It is pitched in Bb like trumpets and cornets. It can have three piston valves like a trumpet, or rotary valves like a French horn. It has been described as being a bugle with valves. The sound is more mellow, not as harsh as a trumpet.

The instrument was developed from German hunting horns, and became popular in brass bands in the 1850's. Performers such as Miles Davis have used the Flügelhorn in jazz recordings.

## References
Gabriel o Pensador

**Gabriel Contino** better known as **Gabriel o Pensador** (born March 4, 1974 in Rio de Janeiro) is a Brazilian rapper. He began his musical career to launch a demo with the song "I'm Happy (I killed the President)" and was soon hired by Sony Music.

## Recent events
Besides singer, Gabriel is a writer in 2001 and released the autobiographical book* Diary* Nocturne, four years later launched* A Boy Called Rorbeto*, which won the Jabuti Award best children's book of the year next. In 2008 released the book* My Little Rubro-Negro* and a year later launched a special version of the same book titled* My Little Crimson-Black - Special Edition Hexa*.

## References
Maringka Baker

**Maringka Baker** is an Aboriginal artist from central Australia. She lives in the Pitjantjatjara community of Kaṉpi, South Australia, and paints for Tjungu Palya, based in nearby Nyapaṟi. Maringka paints sacred stories from her family's Dreaming (spirituality). As well as the important cultural meanings they carry, her paintings are known for being rich in colour and . She often paints the desert landscape in bright green colours, and contrasts it against reds and ochres to depict landforms. She also uses layers of contrasting colours to show the detail of the desert in full bloom.

Maringka was born in outback Western Australia around 1952. She was born at Kaliumpil, an old ceremonial and camping site on the Ngaanyatjarra lands. Her mother and father died when she was a young girl, and Maringka was brought up by Anmanari Brown and her other relatives. She went to primary school on the mission at Warburton, but ran away to join relatives in Ernabella. She later moved to Kaltjiti, where she finished high school and got a job as a teacher.

In the late 1960s, Maringka married a man from Papulankutja. They had a daughter, Elaine, in 1969. Maringka's husband died while Elaine was still a baby. Maringka became a health worker and she moved with her daughter to Irrunytju to work in the local clinic. In the 1980s, Maringka married Douglas Baker (nephew of Jimmy Baker), and they moved back east to live at Kaṉpi.

Maringka began painting in 2004. She paints for Tjungu Palya, a community arts centre based in nearby Nyapaṟi. She has become one of the centre's most well-known painters. Since 2005, Maringka's work has been exhibited in many cities around Australia, including Adelaide, Alice Springs, Broome, Canberra, Melbourne, Perth and Sydney. Overseas, her work has been shown in exhibitions in Singapore, Seattle and London. Her work is held in the National Gallery of Australia, the Art Gallery of South Australia, the Australian National University, and the National Gallery of Victoria.

In 2007, Maringka was one of thirty artists featured in the first National Indigenous Art Triennial exhibition *Culture Warriors*. It showed four of her paintings: *Anmangunga* (2006), *Kata Ala* (2006), *Ngura Mankurpa* (2006), and *Kuru Ala* (2007). The last of these, *Kuru Ala*, is a depiction of a sacred women's site near Tjuntjuntjara that is associated with the creation story of the Seven Sisters (called Kungkarrakalpa in Pitjantjatjara). It was chosen as a finalist for the National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Art Award in 2009, and is displayed in the National Gallery in Canberra.

## References
## Other websites
*Maringka Baker  at Short Street Gallery
Adventure Time

***Adventure Time***, also referred to as ***Adventure Time with Finn & Jake*** or ***Adventure Time with Finn, Jake & BMO***, is an American animated sitcom created by Pendleton Ward for Cartoon Network. Finn, Jake and BMO live in the Land of Ooo, which is a nation of an overworld version of Earth that has been nearly destroyed by the Great Mushroom War.

Series creator Pendleton Ward said that he wrote the show as though he were playing *Dungeons & Dragons*.

Ward's creation is based on his 2007 short movie that aired on Nicktoons as a pilot on Frederator's *Random! Cartoons*. After the short became a viral hit on the Internet, Nickelodeon's executives did not want to make it into a show. Afterwards, Cartoon Network approved Ward's idea of making it into a show in 2010. The same year, the series premiered on Cartoon Network on April 5, and it ended its eight-year run on September 3, 2018. 

It was followed by the *Adventure Time: Distant Lands* specials and the *Adventure Time: Fionna and Cake* spin-off, which were released on Max. Two more spin-offs, called *Adventure Time: Side Quests* and *Adventure Time: Heyo BMO*.

## Episodes
## Awards and nominations
### Television 
### Comics 
## References
## Other websites
* 
* Animation Blog 
* Production blog 
* *Adventure Time* on Cartoon Network
Pooh's Heffalump Movie

'''''Pooh's Heffalump Movie''''' is a 2005 American animated musical adventure comedy film released by Walt Disney Pictures, featuring characters from A.A. Milne's *Winnie-the-Pooh* stories.

A sequel, ''Pooh's Heffalump Halloween Movie'', was released direct-to-video on September 13, 2005.

## Cast 
* Jim Cummings as Winnie-the-Pooh / Tigger
* John Fiedler as Piglet
* Nikita Hopkins as Roo
* Kath Soucie as Kanga
* Ken Sansom as Rabbit
* Peter Cullen as Eeyore
* Kyle Stanger as Lumpy the Heffalump
* Brenda Blethyn as Mama Heffalump

According to the ending credits, additional voices were provided by voice actress Tara Strong.
Rappin' Hood

'''Rappin' Hood''' is a Brazilian rapper. He was born in São Paulo, Brazil on June 5, 1972.

## Recent events
In 2008, signed to TV Cultura to present the program Manos e Minas appears on Wednesdays and 19h 30 min. However, he left the program in April 2009, leaving the command of the same for the rapper Thaíde.

## References
Belle's Magical World

'''''Belle's Magical World*** (also called ***Beauty and the Beast: Belle's Magical World'''*) is a 1998 American direct-to-video Disney midquel movie.  It is the 3rd in the *Beauty and the Beast'' trilogy. It was first released on January 13, 1998.