open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Jesse Douglas

**Jesse Douglas** (3 July 1897 – 7 September 1965) was an American mathematician. He is a Fields Medalist known for his general solution to Plateau's problem.

## References
Edmund Landau

**Edmund Georg Hermann Landau** (14 February 1877 – 19 February 1938) was a German mathematician. He worked in the fields of number theory and complex analysis.

He participated Landau Problems during the 1912 International Congress of Mathematicians.

## References
Caucher Birkar

**Caucher Birkar** FRS (Kurdish: کۆچەر بیرکار; born **Fereydoun Derakhshani** (Persian: فریدون درخشانی); July 1978) is an Iranian Kurdish mathematician and a professor at Tsinghua University and University of Cambridge.

During 2018 International Congress of Mathematicians, he was awarded a Fields Medal, although it was stolen few minutes after he got it.

He was elected a foreign member of the Academia Europaea in 2019.

## References
2022 FIFA U-17 Women's World Cup

'''2022 FIFA U-17 Women's World Cup''' will be the seventh edition of the youth tournament for women under the age of 17. It was held in India from 11 to 30 October.

## Qualified teams
A total of 16 teams qualify for the final tournament. In addition to the hosts, 15 teams qualify from six continental competitions.

;Notes

## Venues 
On 13 April 2022, FIFA confirmed 3 host cities in 3 Indian states:
# Bhubaneswar, Odisha
# Margao, Goa
# Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra

## Draw
The official draw  took place on 24 June 2022, 12:00 local time CEST (UTC+2) at the FIFA headquarters in Zürich, Switzerland. The teams were allocated based on their performances in the 5 previous U-17 Women's World Cups, five bonus points are added to each of the confederation's current champions that won the respective qualifying tournament (for this cycle).
The original hosts India were automatically assigned to position A1. Teams of the same confederation could not meet in the group stage.

## Squads
Players born between 1 January 2005 and 31 December 2007 are eligible to compete in the tournament.

## Group stage
The draw for the group stage took place on 24 June 2022.

### Tiebreakers 
The top two teams of each group advance to the quarter-finals. The format for tiebreakers are determined as follows:

If two or more teams are equal on the basis of the above three criteria, their rankings are determined as follows:

All times are local, IST (UTC+5:30).

### Group A 

----

----

### Group B 

----

----

### Group C 

----

----

### Group D 

----

----

## Knockout stage
In the knockout stages, if a match was level at the end of normal playing time, a penalty shoot-out was used to determine the winner (no extra time was played).

### Bracket
### Quarter-finals
----

----

----

### Semi-finals
----

### Third place match
### Final
## References
Blue Ivy Carter

**Blue Ivy Carter** (born January 7, 2012) is an American singer and songwriter.  She is the daughter of pop singer Beyoncé and rapper Jay-Z.

## Other websites
*
Carlos Soublette

**Carlos Valentín José de la Soledad Antonio del Sacramento de Soublette y Jerez de Aristeguieta** (15 December 1789 – 11 February 1870) was the President of Venezuela from 1837 to 1839 and 1843 to 1847 and a hero of the Venezuelan War of Independence.
1953 South American Championship Final

The final of the 1953 South American Championship was held between Brazil and Paraguay.
## Match details
## References
Serial Peripheral Interface

The **Serial Peripheral Interface** (**SPI**) is a synchronous serial communication interface specification. It is used for short-distance communication, primarily in embedded systems. SPI devices communicate in full duplex mode using a master-slave architecture.

The master (controller) device originates the frame for reading and writing. The SPI may be accurately described as a synchronous serial interface. But it is different from the Synchronous Serial Interface (SSI) protocol.

## Developer 
The interface was developed by Motorola in the mid-1980s. Later it  has become a *de facto* standard.
## Pros and cons 
### Advantages 
* Full duplex communication in the default version of this protocol
* Push-pull drivers (as opposed to open drain) provide good signal integrity and high speed
* Higher throughput than I²C or SMBus. Not limited to any maximum clock speed, enabling potentially high speed
* Complete protocol flexibility for the bits transferred
** Not limited to 8-bit words
** Arbitrary choice of message size, content, and purpose
* Simple software implementation

### Disadvantages 
* Requires more pins on IC packages than I²C, even in the *three-wire* variant
* No in-band addressing; out-of-band chip select signals are required on shared buses
* SPI does not support hot swapping (dynamically adding nodes)
* Some variants like dual SPI, quad SPI, and three-wire serial buses defined below are half-duplex.

## Applications 
* **Memory:** SD Card , MMC , EEPROM , Flash.
* **Sensors:** Temperature and Pressure.
* **Control Devices:** ADC , DAC , digital POTS and Audio Codec.
* **Others:** Camera Lens Mount, touchscreen, LCD, RTC, video game controller, etc.

## Sources 
## Other websites 
* Intel eSPI (Enhanced Serial Peripheral Interface)
* SPI Tutorial
Rómulo Gallegos

**Rómulo Ángel del Monte Carmelo Gallegos Freire** (2 August 1884 – 5 April 1969) was a Venezuelan novelist and politician. For a period of nine months during 1948, he governed as the first freely elected president in Venezuela's history. He was removed from power by military officers in the 1948 Venezuelan coup.

Rómulo Gallegos is considered the most relevant Venezuelan novelist of the 20th century, and a prominent figure in Latin American literature.

## References
2008 Mexico City Learjet crash

**The 2008 México City Learjet Crash**, occurred on November 4, 2008. A Learjet 45 executive plane crashed in a financial zone of the city before landing. It was a flight from San Luis Potosí to Mexico City. Juan Camilo Mouriño, government secretary on duty— and 16 more people died; thirteen at the scene of the accident and three more at the hospital.

## Details
Before starting the approach procedure to runway 05 right of the Mexico City International Airport, the pilot of the Learjet 45 did not reduce the speed of his aircraft to 180 knots before crossing the VOR Mateo, as instructed by the air traffic controller. He stayed above 250 knots, very high for the air corridor. Although the pilot instructed to reduce his speed, he never complied with it.

The high speed by the Learjet, piloted by Captain Álvaro Sánchez Jiménez, caused it to come dangerously close to a Mexicana Boeing 767-300 heavy passenger plane, coming from Buenos Aires, and enter the wake of turbulence, destabilizing and shooting down the small aircraft.
## Dramatization
The accident and subsequent investigation were featured in Season 14 – Episode 8 of documentary series Air Crash Investigation. The episode was titled "Inner City Carnage" in the United Kingdom and Australia and "Accident or Assassination" in the United States and Canada.

## References
## Other websites 
*  
* Final report of crash () 
*
Manuel Ezequiel Bruzual

**Manuel Ezequiel Bruzual** (Santa Marta, Colombia, 1830 – Curaçao, 15 August 1868), was a military leader committed to liberal ideas, also in charge of the War and Navy Ministry in 1864, and in 1868 was designated provisional President of Venezuela.
Bank of the City of Buenos Aires

The **Bank of the City of Buenos Aires** (*Banco Ciudad de Buenos Aires*), doing business as **Banco Ciudad**, is a publicly owned, municipal commercial bank in Buenos Aires, Argentina.

## References
## Other websites
*Official website
Banco Credicoop

**Banco Credicoop** (*Creditco-op Bank*) is an Argentine cooperative bank. After the 2001 crisis in Argentina, it became the second private bank in the country behind Banco Macro Bansud and the first with completely national public capital. It is the most important cooperative bank in Latin America.

## Origin
Banco Credicoop has its origin in the Credit Unions. In 1976 the Argentinean military government tried to eliminate credit unions, an area of the cooperative sector.  This prompted a defensive action that led to the merger of credit cooperatives in order to survive, giving rise to Banco Credicoop in 1979, from the merger of the 44 credit unions that existed in the Capital and in Greater Buenos Aires. Aires, some of which had been created in the early 20th century.
## Activities
Towards the mid-1940s, with the election of Juan Domingo Perón, the Credit Unions began to reflect the industrial development that took place in the country, originating an accelerated growth and diversification of the sectors served.

Starting in 1958, the creation of the Cooperative Funds Mobilization Institute (IMFC) as a second-tier cooperative caused a real explosion in the number and geographical dispersion of the entities. From that moment, the cooperative credit unions developed a new type of operation based on capturing resources through sight accounts, compensated by a national clearinghouse of payment orders.  

This allowed them to dispose of between 9% and 11% of the total deposits in the financial system, which the savings banks channeled to finance small and medium-sized companies, cooperatives and individuals. The development of cooperativism in a sector as sensitive as the financial one provoked the early opposition of national and foreign banks, as well as sectors of the big bourgeoisie, which generated a series of regulations and restrictive actions on the part of the Argentine State that reached their culminating point from the coup d'état of 1966.

The civic-military dictatorship that governed Argentina between June 1966 and March 1973 –which intended to reorganize Argentine society– attacked credit cooperatives in their double character: as a financial company oriented to the development of small and medium-sized national companies, wage earners and entities of the social economy, a sector that had no place in the economic plans of the self-proclaimed “Argentine Revolution”;  and as a social movement that had to freeze its activity –along with all the other social and political institutions of the country– during the stage of “economic time” imposed by the dictatorship. In short, of the 974 credit unions that operated in 1966, only 417 were able to survive the dictatorship. Their share of total deposits in the financial system had fallen from more than 10% to just under 2%.

## References
Open English

**Open English** is an online English school. In 2014, the school had 100,000 students in the Spanish speaking world.

## History 
Andrés Moreno, Nicolette Rankin and Wilmer Samiento, co-founded Open English in Caracas, Venezuela in September 2006. In 2009, Rankin and Moreno moved the company to Miami, Florida. Moreno played the English student and Rankin played the English teacher in their homemade commercials for Open English.

From 2010 to 2013, the company raised $120 million in VC funding, including $69 million in 2013 from venture firm Technology Crossover Ventures (TCV).

In 2013, co-founder Rankin left Open English and co-founded another online school, Next University. In 2015, Next University was acquired by Open English.
## References
1949 South American Championship

The **1949 South American Championship** was the 21st. edition of the Copa América, the main national team football competition in South America. It was held in, and won by, Brazil. Paraguay finished as runner-up while Argentina withdrew from the tournament.

This achievement ended a 27-year streak without official titles for the Brazilians. The last one had been in the 1922 South American Championship, also played on Brazilian soil. Jair da Rosa Pinto from Brazil was the top scorer of the tournament, with nine goals.

## Squads
For a complete list of participating squads, see: *1949 South American Championship squads*

## Venues
## Final round
----

----

----

----

----

----

----

----

----

----

----

----

----

----

----

----

----

----

----

----

----

----

----

----

----

----

----

### Play-off
A playoff match was played between Brazil and Paraguay to determine the champion.

## Result
## Goalscorers
**9 goals**
*  Jair

**7 goals**

*  Ademir
*  Tesourinha
*  Arce
*  Benítez

**5 goals**

*  Víctor Ugarte
*  Simão
*  Zizinho

**4 goals**

*  Félix Castillo
*  Ramón Castro

**3 goals**

*  Benigno Gutiérrez
*  Cláudio
*  Nininho
*  López Fretes
*  Alfredo Mosquera
*  Víctor Pedraza
*  Roberto Drago
*  Juan Ayala

**2 goals**

*  Benedicto Godoy
*  Orlando
*  Raimundo Infante
*  Pedro López
*  José Vargas
*  Marcial Barrios
*  Carlos Gómez Sánchez
*  Juan E. Salinas
*  José M. García
*  Dagoberto Moll

**1 goal**

*  Víctor Algañaraz
*  Nemesio Rojas
*  Augusto
*  Canhotinho
*  Danilo Alvim
*  Octavio
*  Mario Castro
*  Atilio Cremaschi
*  Ulises Ramos
*  Fernando Riera
*  Carlos Rojas
*  Manuel Salamanca
*  A. Pérez
*  Berdugo
*  Gastelbondo
*  Nelson Pérez
*  Víctor Arteaga
*  Sigifredo Chuchuca
*  Enrique Cantos
*  Guido Andrade
*  Rafael Maldonado
*  Enrique Avalos
*  Pedro Fernández
*  Cornelio Heredia
*  Manuel Drago
*  Ernesto Bentancour
*  Miguel Martínez
*  Nelson Moreno

**Own goals**
*  Bermeo (for Peru)
*  Sánchez (for Bolivia)
*  Arce (for Brazil)

## References
## Other websites
* South American Championship 1949 at RSSSF
1949 South American Championship Final

The **1949 South American Championship Final** was the final match to determine the winner of the 1949 South American Championship, the 21st. edition of this continental competition. It was held on May 11, 1949, in Estádio São Januário of Rio de Janeiro. Brazil hosted the tournament after 27 years.

Brazil had won all its previous matches, thrashing their rivals in all of them (totalising 36 goals in 5 games). Nevertheless, the 2–1 loss to Paraguay caused both teams tied on points so a final match had to be played to crown a champion. 

On the other hand, the Paraguay side had a strong team with such notable players, regarded by some journalists as the best of its history. In fact, the Paraguayan side achieved some notable results such as the 2nd place in the previous edition.

Brazil won the match against Paraguay, thrashing them by 7–0 and winning its 3rd. continental title.

## Qualified teams 
## Route to the final 
|}

;Notes:
* *Brazil and Paraguay finished tied on points so a playoff match had to be played to decide the champion.*

## Match details 
## References
Phyllodytes maculosus

***Phyllodytes maculosus*** is a frog. It lives in Brazil.  It lives in the forest in Bahia and Minas Gerais. People have seen it between 77 and 837 meters above sea level.

This frog is not in danger of dying out because it lives in such a big area.  This frog lives in the rainforest. This frog lives in bromeliad plants that grow on tree branches high in the place where the tree branches come together like a roof.  The female frog lays eggs on the leaves of the bromeliad plants. When the eggs hatch, the tadpoles fall into the water in the bromeliad plant, where they swim and grow.

Scientists say the big danger to the frog was all the cutting down of the forest that happened during the past hundred years, but this has slowed down. Now, much of what was forest is now farms and places for animals to eat grass. But in the 1980s, human beings started growing tree farms, which is not as bad for tree frogs.

## First paper
*

## References
Tomb Raider (movie)

***Tomb Raider*** is a 2018 action-adventure movie. It was directed by Roar Uthaug. It is based on the 2013 video game *Tomb Raider*. It stars Alicia Vikander as Lara Croft.

## References 
## Other websites 
* 
*
Column (formation)

A military **column** is a formation of soldiers where one group of soldiers stand in front of the other.

## Related pages 
* Line
Battle of Five Forks

The **Battle of Five Forks** was fought on April 1, 1865, southwest of Petersburg, Virginia, near the Five Forks, at the end of the Siege of Petersburg, and at the end of the American Civil War.

## References
Banco Galicia

**Banco Galicia** is a private bank of Argentina. It belongs to the **Grupo Financiero Galicia**. It was founded in 1905 as Banco de Galicia y Buenos Aires, and traditionally its Board of Directors was made up of members of the Escasany, Ayerza and Braun Menéndez families. Its shares began trading on the Buenos Aires Stock Exchange in 1907.

## History
, Buenos Aires.]]
Banco Galicia was founded in 1905 by a group of businessmen from the Galician community in Argentina, and in 1907 its shares began trading on the Buenos Aires Stock Exchange. In 2000, Grupo Financiero Galicia was created and became the controlling company of the Bank, acquiring 100% of its shares in 2014.

The commercial network grew significantly at the end of the 1950s and continued to expand to the 326 branches it has today, developing its potential and earning its reputation as an innovative bank, currently considered a leader and reference within the national banking industry.

In the late 1950s, Banco Galicia launched the capital investment fund FIMA Acciones and founded the predecessor of the asset manager Galicia Asset Managment.

As part of its growth strategy, Banco Galicia began to expand into rural areas in the interior of the country, where it was believed that there was high growth potential.  Access to financial services in the interior was limited compared to Buenos Aires and its surroundings, and its population used fewer banking services.

In 1979, it launched the first ATM network in the country, together with 4 of the main banks in the financial system.  In order to expand its network throughout Argentina, in 1986 Banco Galicia offered to open 13 branches with ATMs in the province of Santiago del Estero in exchange for placing the Bank's characteristic symbol on the province's flag, as well as It is how today the cross of Santiago can be seen on the provincial flag.

Between 1995 and 1999, Banco Galicia acquired shareholdings in various entities and formed several non-banking companies that provided financial services -mainly through the issuance of own-brand credit cards- and insurance.

In 2000, it launched the first Internet financial portal in Argentina and in 2006 the first payment service through a bank's cell phone in Argentina.

After being significantly affected by a deep economic and financial crisis in 2001 and 2002, Banco Galicia managed to recover to resume its leadership position. It is currently one of the main banks in the Argentine financial system, being the most important among those in the private sector with national controlling capitals.
## Other websites 
* official website
Jo Nesbø

**Jo Nesbø** (; born **Jon Nesbø**; 29 March 1960) is a Norwegian writer, musician, economist, journalist, and former footballer.  March 2014, his novels had sold more than 3 million copies in his  of Norway, and as of 2021 they have sold 50 million copies worldwide, having been translated into over 50 languages. This has resulted in him being the most successful Norwegian author of all time. 

Nesbø is best known for writing crime novels featuring Inspector . However, in 2007 he released his first children's book, *Doktor Proktors Prompepulver* (English translation: ). He also had his book *Hodejegerne* (English translation: The Headhunters)  into the 2011 action thriller film of the same name. Nesbø has also had the idea for the Norweigian political thriller TV series *Okkupert* (English translation: ''''). 

Nesbø is also the main singer and songwriter for the Norwegian rock band , which started in 1992. Nesbø's brother, Knut Nesbø, used to be a guitarist for the band. The band was awarded the Gammleng-prisen, a Norwegian culture award, in 1996. They have also had a number one record chart with *Jenter & sånn* in 1994.

## References
Honduras national under-17 football team

**Honduras national under-17 football team** is the national football team from Honduras and has been to the FIFA U-17 World Cup five times with their best result when they reached the quarter-finals in 2013.

## FIFA U-17 World Cup
Jimmy Nolen

**Jimmy Nolen** (April 3, 1934 – December 18, 1983) was an American guitarist. He was known for his distinctive "chicken scratch", which is lead guitar playing in James Brown's bands. 

In its survey of "The 100 Greatest Guitarists of All Time," the English magazine *Mojo* ranks Nolen number twelve.

## Sources 
## Bibliography 
* Kienzle, Rich. *Great Guitarists*. New York: Facts on File, 1986. p.&nbsp;234. ISBN&nbsp;9780816010332
* Thompson, Dave. *Funk*. Detroit: Backbeat Books, 2001. pp.&nbsp;11–14. ISBN&nbsp;978-0879306298
Alexia Putellas

**Alexia Putellas Segura** (born 4 February 1994) is a Catalan professional footballer. She plays as a midfielder for Barcelona, whom she captains, and for the Spain women's national football team.  Before this, she played for Espanyol and Levante, and she has represented Catalonia. By 2022, she had won all the major awards available to a European player, both individually and with her club. People widely consider her the best female footballer in the world right now and one of the greatest of all time. In 2022, a football reporter named Asif Burhan mentioned how her dedication to the sport has changed women's football. She has been playing for Barcelona since 2012, after spending most of her younger years with Espanyol. With Barcelona, she has achieved a lot: seven league titles, seven Copas de la Reina, and two UEFA Women's Champions League trophies. In the 2020-21 season, she played a key role in helping Barcelona win the Champions League and two other major titles for the first time in their history. In recognition of her outstanding performance, she won several awards in 2021, including UEFA Women's Player of the Year, Ballon d'Or Féminin, and The Best FIFA Women's Player - a feat that no one had accomplished before in a single year.

As of 2022, she's the second player with the most appearances for Barcelona, just behind Melanie Serrano. She's also the second-highest all-time scorer for the club, after Jennifer Hermoso. Moreover, she holds the record for the most appearances for Spain with 104 caps, surpassing Marta Torrejón's previous record of 90 caps in 2021.

## Personal life 
Putellas was really close to her dad. Even though he was sick with heart problems when she played for Levante, he always came to see her games in Valencia. She thought about studying medicine to help him. He died in 2012, just before an important tournament.

When she scores a goal, she points to the sky to remember him. She mostly speaks Catalan, learned Spanish in school when she was young, and started learning English in the 2020s. She has a pet dog named Nala, a Pomeranian, who even has an Instagram account.

She doesn't talk much about her relationships, but she did share on social media about being with her teammate Jennifer Hermoso. They even joined an event called Madrid Pride together. After winning the Champions League in 2023, a video of Putellas meeting her girlfriend in the stands became super popular on TikTok.

Putellas has lots of tattoos. Some have Latin sayings, like "Work conquers all." She also has symbols like a Hand of Fatima and an Eye of Horus, plus a Barcelona tile with "Made in" written on it. She's got a football, the number 112 (combining her first Spain shirt number, 12, and her famous shirt number, 11), and a drawing of her dad holding her as a baby and giving her a football.

## Career statistics 
### Club 
### International
:''Scores and results list Spain's and Catalonia's goal tally first, score column indicates score after each Putellas goal.''

## References
Levadiakos F.C.

**Levadiakos Football Club** is a Greek professional football club from Livadeia, Greece. The club plays in the Super League Greece.

## History
Levadiakos started in 1961 when local clubs Trofonios and Pallevadiaki connected to a greater club. Levadiakos played in the second division being close to relegation in almost every season. In May 1987 they were promoted to Alpha Ethniki . Levadiakos stayed there only for four seasons. After their second relegation  the club even went  to the 3rd division of Greece. After ten years  in 2005  they were promoted again but was immediately relegated. In the next summer  Levadiakos bought many expensive players and appointed Georgi Vasilev as manager. The team was promoted again. After relegation 2019 they came back in 2022.

## Stadium
Levadiakos' stadium was built in 1952. The stadium is located in Livadeia, about 130&nbsp;km north-west of Athens.

## Seasons in the 21st century 
Best position in bold.

Key: 1R = First Round, 2R = Second Round, 3R = Third Round, 4R = Fourth Round, 5R = Fifth Round, GS = Group Stage, QF = Quarter-finals, SF = Semi-finals.

## Players
### Current squad
### Coaching staff
## References
## Other websites
*  
* Levadiakos  at Super League 
* Levadiakos at UEFA
Dart

**Dart** or **DART** may refer to:

* Dart, the equipment in the game of darts
* Double Asteroid Redirection Test, a NASA space probe to hit an asteroid,  launched November 2021
* Dart (missile), a weapon with pointed tip

## Related pages
*
Daisy chain (engineering)

In electrical and electronic engineering, a **daisy chain** is a wiring scheme. It has multiple devices, which are wired together in sequence or in a ring, similar to a garland of daisy flowers.

Daisy chains may be used for power, analog signals, digital data, or a combination of them.

The term daisy chain may refer either to large scale devices connected in series, such as a series of power strips plugged into each other to form a single long line of strips, or to the wiring patterns embedded inside of devices.  Other examples of devices which can be used to form daisy chains are those based on USB, FireWire, Thunderbolt and Ethernet cables.

## References
Johnnie Johnson (pianist)

Musical artist

**Johnnie Clyde Johnson** (July 8, 1924 – April 13, 2005) was an American pianist. He played jazz, blues and rock and roll. His work with Chuck Berry led to his induction into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. 

He was posthumously awarded the Congressional Gold Medal for breaking racial barriers in the military.

## Career 
Johnson began playing the piano in 1928. He joined the United States Marine Corps during World War II. He became a member of Bobby Troup's all-serviceman jazz orchestra, the Barracudas.

Over the next 20 years, the two collaborated on many of Berry's songs, including "School Days", "Roll Over Beethoven", "Carol", and "Nadine". The song "Johnny B. Goode" was reportedly a tribute to Johnson,

## Death 
Johnson died at the age of 80 from a kidney ailment and pneumonia in St. Louis on April 13, 2005. He was buried in the Jefferson Barracks National Cemetery.

## Sources 

## Other websites 
* Johnnie Johnson. Rock and Roll Hall of Fame.
* Johnnie Johnson Blues & Jazz Society, Fairmont, West Virginia.
* St. Louis Walk of Fame.
Integrated Device Technology

**Integrated Device Technology, Inc.**, is an American corporation. It is  headquartered in San Jose, California. 

They designs, manufactures, and markets low-power, high-performance mixed-signal semiconductor solutions for the advanced communications, computing, and consumer industries. The company markets its products primarily to original equipment manufacturers (OEMs). 

The company is focused on three major areas: communications infrastructure (wireless and wired), high-performance computing, and advanced power management.

## Sources
Phyllodytes punctatus

***Phyllodytes punctatus*** is a frog. It lives in Brazil.  Scientists have seen it in exactly one place: Fazenda Gravatá in Sergipe. People have seen it as high as 140 meters above sea level.

The adult frog is about 18.2-22.8 mm long from nose to rear end. The skin on the back is brown, and there are brown spots on the back and legs.  This frog has a bump on its nose and three bumps on each eyelid.

Scientists say this frog is in danger of dying out because it lives in such a small place, only 1,044 km2, and this place is being changed by human beings who build towns and cities and make places for animals to eat grass.  People also go into the places where the frogs live to take away the bromeliad plants they need, but this only happens in a few places. Real estate speculation, which means when people buy land so that they can sell it for more many later, also threatens this frog.

This frog lives in places with white sandy soil and in places with shrubs. This frog lives on bromeliad plants that grow on native plants. Scientists have only seen it in natural places, and not in farms or gardens where humans have changed the places.

## References
Juliet of the Spirits

***Juliet of the Spirits*** () is a 1965 Italian French fantasy comedy-drama movie directed by Federico Fellini and starring Giulietta Masina, Sandra Milo, Mario Pisu, Valentina Cortese, Valeska Gert, Friedrich von Ledebur, Caterina Boratto, George Ardisson, Anne Francine. It was nominated for 2 Academy Awards in 1967.

## Other websites
* 
* 
* 
*
Dongle

stick plugged into the HDMI port of a TV.  The wire attached to the other end is the USB power supply.|181x181px]]A **dongle** is a small piece of computer hardware. When a dongle is plugged into a device it will provide additional functionality, or connect a device that adds functionality.

The term has been used for  similar devices such as:

* adapters that convert ports to handle different types of connectors (such as DVI to VGA for displays, USB to serial connection, and in modern computing, USB-C to other types of ports, and Mobile High-Definition Link),
* USB wireless adapters for standards such as Bluetooth and Wi-Fi
* USB flash drives (commonly described as "USB stick" or "USB key")
* small form-factor digital media players that plug into HDMI ports (commonly described as a "media player dongle" or "media player stick")

## Examples 
Security dongles are typically used to help prevent unauthorized use and copying of certain forms of software. They used to use the serial port or parallel port. Most are now in USB format.

Very short cables that connect relatively large jacks to smaller plugs. It allow cables to be easily installed and removed from equipment with limited space available for connectors.  The Chromecast devit means a short adapter cable is not needed.

## References
## Other websites 
* Language Log & Dongle
SumTotal Systems

**SumTotal Systems, Inc.** is an American software company in Gainesville, Florida. It provides human resource management software and services to private and public sector organizations. 

The company uses multiple cloud-based channels, including software as a service, hosted subscription, and premises-based licensure.

In September 2014, SumTotal was acquired by SkillSoft, a provider of online learning to corporate training organizations.

## History 
The company now called SumTotal Systems originated in the 2003 merger of Click2learn (Asymetrix) and Docent Software.

## Technology and services 
Services include learning management, workforce management, talent management, Human Resources, planning, analytics, payroll and benefits.  The company delivers its software as a service  using cloud computing. The company has regional offices in the US, Canada and outside of North America.

## References
Barrick Mining Corporation

**Barrick Mining Corporation** is a mining company that produces gold and copper. It has mining operations and projects in Argentina, Canada, Chile, Côte d'Ivoire, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, Mali, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Peru, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Tanzania, the United States and Zambia. In 2024, it produced 3.91 million ounces of gold at all-in sustaining costs of $1,484/ounce and 195,000 tonnes of copper at all-in sustaining costs of $3.45/pound. Barrick expects to produce between 4.6 and five million ounces of gold and between 440 and 500 million pounds of copper in 2020.

## Carbon footprint 
Barrick Gold reported total CO2e emissions (Direct + Indirect) for 31 December 2020 at 7,351 Kt. It has set a greenhouse gas emissions reduction target of 30% and will be net-zero carbon emissions by 2050. At its operations in the United States, Barrick is transitioning away from coal to natural gas and solar power, in an effort to reduce emissions. 

## Operations 
### Gold 
### Copper 
## Mining practices 
Environmental and human rights violations have taken place around a number of mining operations. They are now closed or were previously operated by a different company, including violence in Papua New Guinea and Tanzania. Forty people were arrested in Chile following a demonstration against the potential environmental impacts of a mining project. Executives of Acacia Mining had faced charges of bribery, conspiracy, forgery, money-laundering, tax-evasion and environmental damage. There has also been small groups of opposition in the Dominican Republic.

## References 
## Continue reading 
* 

## Other websites
Ihor Dashko

**Ihor Tarasovych Dashko** (June 18, 1977, Sambir, Lviv Region&nbsp;— April 9, 2022, Mariupol, Donetsk region)&nbsp;— Ukrainian military officer, lieutenant colonel border guard of the State Border Service of Ukraine, participant of the Russian-Ukrainian war. Hero of Ukraine (April 17, 2022, posthumously).

## Biography 
Ihor Dashko was born on June 18, 1977 in Sambir, Lviv region.

Studied at Secondary School No. 1 named after T. Shevchenko, Sambir, which he graduated in 1994.

After graduating from the Academy of the State Border Service of Ukraine in 1999, he started working in the city of Mariupol, in the Department of the State Border Service of Ukraine.

From the summer of 2012 to January 2022, he served in the Western Regional Department of the State Security Service.

A month before the Russian invasion of Ukraine, he again moved to the city of Mariupol.

### Circumstances of death 
On April 9, 2022, he blew himself up at a radio station in Mariupol so that it would not reach by the Russian invaders. The last his words on the radio were "Glory to Ukraine! ".

## Awards 
* The title of «Hero of Ukraine» with the award of the «Golden Star» order (April 17, 2022, posthumously)&nbsp;— *for personal courage and heroism, shown in the defense of state sovereignty and territorial integrity of Ukraine, selfless service to the Ukrainian people*.

## Notes 
## Sources 
* *Kovalenko, S.* The heroic feat of border guard Dashka will be written in golden letters in the history of the Ukrainian people and the defense of Mariupol   // ArmyInform.&nbsp;— 2022.&nbsp;— April 20.

## Other websites 
*  // Державна прикордонна служба України.&nbsp;— 2022.&nbsp;— 18 квітня.
...And Then There Were Three...

**...And Then There Were Three...** is the ninth studio album by Genesis. The album was released on March 28, 1978.

## References
Slip (ceramics)

plate with red slip]]
**Slip** is liquefied clay that is used to join together harder clay, or to paint other pieces of clay.
Tottenham Hotspur F.C. Women

**Tottenham Hotspur F.C. Women**, or just **Tottenham** or **Spurs** for short, is an English women's football club with connections to the Tottenham Hotspur F.C. men's football club. The club currently plays in the Women's Super League (or WSL for short), the top football division of women's football in England. It was created in 1985.
EDF

**EDF** may refer to:

* Électricité de France, a French energy company
* Ethiopian National Defense Force (usually ENDF)
LiveRamp

**LiveRamp Holdings, Inc.** (commonly **LiveRamp**), is an American Software as a service  company based on San Francisco, Califonia. It offers a data connectivity platform whose services include data onboarding and the transfer of offline data online for marketing purposes.

## History 
it was originally founded in 1969. The company underwent several name changes. They eventually took the LiveRamp name from a company they bought after spinning off the Acxiom Marketing Services (AMS) division to a global advertising network Interpublic Group of Companies.

## Locations 
LiveRamp's headquarters is in San Francisco, California, United States. The company has other regional U.S. offices in Little Rock, Arkansas; New York, New York; Seattle, Washington; Boston, Massachusetts; Phoenix, Arizona; and Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

International offices are located in the United Kingdom, France, Australia, China, Japan, and Singapore.

## References 
## Other websites 
*
Bandai Namco Holdings

also known as the **Bandai Namco Group** and generally **Bandai Namco**, is a Japanese holding company. It is headquartered in Minato, Tokyo. It was formed from the merger of two companies - Bandai and Namco on September 29, 2005. 

The company specializes in toys, video games, arcades, anime, and amusement parks.

Their United States branch, Bandai Namco Holdings USA, was officially formed on January 6, 2008. They handle the US operations of the company from their headquarters located in Irvine, California. 

## Notes 
## References
Laryngeal consonant

**Laryngeal consonants** are consonants that are articulated (made) in the larynx. Laryngeal consonants include pharyngeal consonants, glottal consonants, and for some languages uvular consonants.

## References
Used People

***Used People*** is a 1992 romantic comedy movie. Beeban Kidron directed it based on the 1988 play *The Grandma Plays* by Todd Graff. It stars Shirley MacLaine, Marcello Mastroianni, Bob Dishy, Kathy Bates, Marcia Gay Harden, Jessica Tandy, Doris Roberts, Sylvia Sidney. It was distributed by 20th Century Fox.

## Other websites
* 
*
Magnificent Obsession

***Magnificent Obsession*** is a 1929 novel by Lloyd C. Douglas.

***Magnificent Obsession*** may also refer to:

* *Magnificent Obsession* (1935 movie)
* *Magnificent Obsession* (1954 movie)
Lac

**Lac** may refer to:

* Lac Region, a district in Chad
* Lac (prefecture), in Chad
* Lakh, or Lac, a unit in the South Asian numbering system equal to one hundred thousand (100,000)
* An abbreviation for the Los Angeles Chargers, a professional football team
* An abbreviation for the Los Angeles Clippers, a professional basketball team

## Related pages
* 
* 
*
Ron Kroon

**Ronald Kroon** (17 September 1942, Amsterdam – 12 July 2001, Huizen) was a Dutch freestyle swimmer who won two bronze medals at the 1962 European Aquatics Championships.

He also competed at the 1960 and 1964 Summer Olympics with the best achievement of 8th place in the 4×100 meters medley relay.

Between 1960 and 1964 he was four times national champion and set 12 national records in the 100 m freestyle event.

He was the first Dutch athlete to swim 100 meters within 55 seconds.

## References
Alexander Yakovlev

**Alexander Nikolayevich Yakovlev** (Russian: Алекса́ндр Никола́евич Я́ковлев; 2 December 1923 – 18 October 2005) was a Soviet and Russian politician, diplomat, and historian.

A member of the Politburo and Secretariat of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union throughout the 1980s, he was termed the "godfather of glasnost", and was the intellectual force behind Mikhail Gorbachev's reform programme of glasnost and perestroika.

## References
Jane Greer

**Jane Greer** (born **Bettejane Greer**; September 9, 1924 – August 24, 2001) was an American film and television actress best known for her role as *femme fatale* Kathie Moffat in the 1947 film noir *Out of the Past*.
Phyllodytes megatympanum

***Phyllodytes megatympanum*** is a frog. It lives in Brazil. People have seen it between 90 and 95 meters above sea level.

The skin of the frog's back and legs is light brown.  The place where the legs meet the body is yellow.  This frog's eardrum is very large.  The eardrum is called a tympanum.

This frog lives on bromeliad plants that grow on tree branches. In some parts of Brazil, it also lives in shrubby places. The male frog sits 2 to 10 meters above the ground and calls to the female frogs.  The female frog lays eggs on the leaves. When they hatch, the tadpoles fall into the water in the bromeliad plants and then swims and grows in the water.

This frog is not in danger of dying out because it lives in such a large area.  Although human beings cut down much of the forest where it used to live to make farms and places for animals to eat grass, there is still a large forest space left. Also, human beings have started to grow trees as crops, which is a little better for frogs. Scientists think the frog could be in danger if humans go into their forests to take away the bromeliad plants, but they do not think anyone is actually doing that right now.

## References
Solidus (coin)

]]
The **solidus** is a gold coin used in the late Roman Empire and Byzantine Empire. It was first introduced by Constantine the Great in 312. It was made with about the same amount of gold for several centuries and later influenced the shilling in the United Kingdom, and the Arab dinar.

## Related pages
*Aureus
Dance Gavin Dance

**Dance Gavin Dance** is a post-hardcore band that came from Sacramento, California. The band has five members: singer Jon Mess, rhythm guitarist Andrew Wells, drummer Matthew Mingus, and lead guitarist, Will Swan.

## References
Downwell (video game)

***Downwell*** is an indie video game published by Devolver Digital in 2015. It is playable on Steam (service) for Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 4, Android (operating system), IOS, the PlayStation Vita, and later added to the Nintendo Switch. 

## Gameplay 
In the 2D game, you play as Welltaro, a "curious man", who descends a well with gunboots while taking out enemies and getting new weapons and upgrades after each level.
Jun Togawa

**Jun Togawa** (戸川純, Togawa Jun) is a Japanese singer, musician and actress. Jun was born in Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan on March 31st, 1961, making her 62 as of 2023. One of her close friends is Susumu Hirasawa.

## Career
Jun made her musical debut with the band Halmens as a guest singer, after gaining attention, she started her solo debut, with the album Tamahime Sama in 1984. Jun has associations with Susumu Hirasawa (平沢進), and her own sister, Kyoko Togawa (戸川京子). She had made her acting debut in the drama Shiawase Senso four years prior to her solo debut. Jun is well known for her acting in TOTO toilet commercials, along with her song Suki Suki Daisuki. 

## Suki Suki Daisuki 
Suki Suki Daisuki is the second track off of her solo album Suki Suki Daisuki, it was released on November 10, 1985. Suki Suki Daisuki is by far her most popular song, after many YouTube and TikTok videos used to sound for videos of a more creepy, or scary nature. Some even call Suki Suki Daisuki a 'Yandere' song.

## References
Direct Contact

***Direct Contact*** is a 2009 American Bulgarian German action thriller movie directed by Danny Lerner and starring Dolph Lundgren, Michael Paré, Bashar Rahal, Raicho Vasilev, Gemma Garrett. It was distributed by Lionsgate.

## Other websites
* 
*
Johnny Ruffo

**John Patrick Ruffo** (8 March 1988 – 10 November 2023) was an Australian singer, songwriter, dancer, actor and television presenter. He finished third during the third season of the Australian version of *The X Factor* in 2011. He won the twelfth season of *Dancing with the Stars* in 2012.

After appearing on *The X Factor*, Ruffo signed with Sony Music Australia. His singles include "On Top", "Take It Home" and "Untouchable". He also had acting roles in the soap operas *Home and Away* and *Neighbours*.

Ruffo was born in Balcatta, a suburb of Perth, Western Australia. In 2017, he was diagnosed with brain cancer.
Ruffo died on 10 November 2023, at the age of 35.

## References
## Other websites
*
*
Dumarsais Estimé

**Léon Dumarsais Estimé** (21 April 1900 – 20 July 1953) was President of Haiti from 16 August 1946 until 10 May 1950

## References
Hamilton Luske

**Hamilton Somers Luske** (October 16, 1903 – February 19, 1968) is an American animator and movie director. He directed many Disney movies and animated shorts from 1936 until his death in 1968.

## Other websites 
*
Clyde Geronimi

**Clito Geronimi** (June 12, 1901 - April 24, 1989) was an Italian-American animation director.

## References 
## Other websites 
*
T. Hee

**Thornton Hee** (March 26, 1911 - October 30, 1988) was an American animator, director and teacher.

## Notes 
## Other websites 
*
Bagh

**Bagh** (, meaning "garden") may refer to:

* Bagh, Azad Kashmir, a city in Azad Kashmir, Pakistan
* Bagh District, a district in Azad Kashmir, Pakistan
* Bagh Union Council, a union council in Abottabad District, Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
* Bagh, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, an area of Abottabad District, Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
* Peter von Bagh (1943–2014), Finnish film historian and director

## Related pages
* 
*
Ben Sharpsteen

**Benjamin Sharpsteen** (November 4, 1895 in Tacoma, Washington – December 20, 1980 in Calistoga, California) was an American movie director and producer for Disney. He directed 31 movies between 1920 and 1980.

## Other websites 
*
Thomas Newman

**Thomas Montgomery Newman** (born October 20, 1955) is an American composer and conductor. He is best known for his many movie scores.

## References 
## Other websites 
*
Un-Break My Heart

"**Un-Break My Heart**" is a 1996 song by American singer Toni Braxton and taken from her second studio album *Secrets* and won a Grammy in 1997. It topped the single charts for 11 weeks in the United States. It has been covered by Weezer and Il Divo. The song has a tempo of 55 bpm, and was written in D minor.

## References
Betrayed (1988 movie)

***Betrayed*** is a 1988 American Japanese spy thriller movie directed by Costa-Gavras and starring Debra Winger, Tom Berenger, John Heard, Betsy Blair, John Mahoney, Ted Levine, Timothy Hutton. It was distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer.

## Other websites
* 
* 
*
Subway

**Subway**, **Subways**, **The Subway**, or **The Subways** may refer to:

## Transportation 
* Subway, a term for underground rapid transit rail systems
* Subway (underpass), a type of walkway that passes underneath an obstacle
* Subway (George Bush Intercontinental Airport), a people mover in Houston, Texas, United States

## Entertainment 
### Film
* *Subway* (film), a 1985 French thriller film

### Television
* "Subway" (*Homicide: Life on the Street*), a television episode
* "The Subway" (*Seinfeld*), a television episode

### Music
* Subway (group), an American band
* The Subways, an English rock band
***The Subways* (album), their self-titled debut album
* "Subways" (song), by the Avalanches
* "Subway", a song by the Bee Gees on their album *Children of the World*

## Other uses
* Subway (restaurant), an American fast-food chain that primarily sells submarine sandwiches
* The Subway (Zion National Park), a slot canyon in Utah, United States

## Related pages
*
*
Diocese of Rome

The **Diocese of Rome** (; ) is a diocese under the jurisdiction of the Pope, who is also the Bishop of Rome. The first bishop of Rome was Saint Peter. The current Bishop of Rome is Pope Leo XIV.

## Notes
## References 
## Other websites 
* Official website of the Diocese of Rome
* History World article on Bishops of Rome
Nimadi language

Nimari is a western-Indo Aryan language mainly spoken in the Nimar in the state of Madhya Pradesh. Barwani, Khargone, Burhanpur, Beria, Dhar etc, are also places where it's spoken.
## References