open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Katyn massacre

to Stalin which proposed the execution of Polish officers, policemen, etc.]] in 1940 by order of Soviet authorities.]] by the mass graves of the Katyn massacre, awaiting forensic examination, April 30, 1943.]] from the 1943 exhumation of a mass grave of Polish officers killed by the NKVD in the Katyń Forest in 1940. Inside of one of the largest graves.]]

The **Katyn massacre** refers to a series of mass murder of Poles committed by the Soviet Union during World War II. The Soviet secret police NKVD killed around 22,000 Polish prisoners of war in a forest near Katyn, about 20 km (12 miles) from Smolensk.

## Perpetrators
In the 1980s, Michail Gorbachev said that Beria and Vsevolod Merkulov, head of the NKGB, were responsible. He said that the Katyn massacre was one of Stalin's atrocities. Beria was accused of treason and executed in 1953, so was Merkulov who was close to Beria. Beria and Merkulov were never tried for what they did at Katyn.]]

## Genocide question
Over the past decades, it has been debated whether the Katyn massacre could be seen as a genocide. Many Polish scholars, including historian Adam Basak, jurist Cezary Mik, Karolina Kosińska, and prosecutor Małgorzata Kuźniar-Plota, who investigated the massacre,

### Examples
#### Poland
In December 2019, members of the Democratic Left Alliance (SLD) downplayed the Katyn massacre by saying that "the Soviets liberated Poland" from German occupation". The party was a successor to the communist party that ruled Poland between 1947 and 1989. 

The said members were criticized for "falsifying Polish history" and "promoting a [communist] totalitarian system". British historian Norman Davies also commented that the Red Army soldiers did not know what freedom was but fought for their leaders to "bring all conquered countries under Bolshevik dictatorship".

#### Czechia
In December 2024, the Czech Constitutional Court (ÚS) rejected an appeal from Josef Skála, a former Communist Party deputy leader, who had previously been convicted for denying that the Soviets committed the Katyn massacre. The Court stated in its ruling,

## Related pages
* Ruscism
* Holodomor
* Volhynia massacre
* NKVD prisoner massacres
* Soviet persecution of Poles during World War II

## References
Bloomsbury Publishing

**Bloomsbury Publishing** plc is a British worldwide publishing house for fiction and non-fiction books. It was previously traded as M.B.N.1 Limited and Bloomsbury Publishing Company Limited. Their head office is located in Bloomsbury. Additionally they have a office in New York City in US. Their Indian publishing office is located in New Delhi, and a sales office in Sydney. In addition they have another publishing office in the UK including at Oxford..

## References
Charco Press

**Charco Press** is an independent publisher based in United Kingdom. It primarily translates and publishes Latin American literature in English language. It was founded by Carolina Orloff and Samuel McDowell in 2016.

## Publications
* Andrea Jeftanovic - *Theatre of War*, translated by Frances Riddle
* Ariana Harwicz - *Die, My Love*, translated by Sarah Moses & Carolina Orloff
* Ariana Harwicz - *Feebleminded*, translated by Annie McDermott & Carolina Orloff
* Brenda Lozano - *Loop*, translated by Annie McDermott
* Carla Maliandi - *The German Room*, translated by Frances Riddle
* Daniel Mella - *Older Brother*, translated by Megan McDowell
* Daniel Saldaña París - *Ramifications*, translated by Christine McSweeney
* Gabriela Cabezón Cámara - *The Adventures of China Iron* (trans. Iona Macintyre & Fiona Mackintosh) 
* Gabriela Cabezon Camara - *Slum Virgin*, translated by Frances Riddle
* Giuseppe Caputo - *An Orphan World* (trans. Sophie Hughes & Juana Adcock) 
* Jorge Consiglio - *Southerly*, translated by Cherilyn Elston
* Jorge Consiglio - *Fate*, translated by Carolina Orloff and Fionn Petch
* Julian Fuks - *Resistance*, translated by Daniel Hahn 
* Luis Sagasti - *Fireflies*, translated by Fionn Petch
* Luis Sagasti - *A Musical Offering*, translated by Fionn Petch
* Margarita Garcia Robayo - *Fish Soup*, translated by Charlotte Coombe
* Margarita García Robayo - *Holiday Heart*, translated by Charlotte Coombe
* Renato Cisneros - *The Distance Between Us*, translated by Fionn Petch
* Ricardo Romero - ''The President's Room*, translated by Charlotte Coombe
* Rodrigo Fuentes - *Trout, Belly Up*, translated by Ellen Jones
* Selva Almada - *The Wind That Lays Waste*, translated by Chris Andrews
* Selva Almada - *Dead Girls'', translated by Annie McDermott

## References
Lombards

The **Lombards**  were a Germanic people who ruled most of the Italian Peninsula from 568 to 774. The Lombards thought that they had originally come from southern Scandinavia. In ancient times, they had worshiped nature, but later, the worshiped Odin. They grew long beards in honor of Odin and became known as *Longobards*, which means "long beards".

In about 560 A.D., Audoin, who was their leader and a warrior, was succeeded by his son Alboin, a young and energetic leader. He defeated some neighboring tribes and then in the spring of 568 led the Lombard migration into Italy. According to the *History of the Lombards,* "Then the Langobards, having left Pannonia, hastened to take possession of Italy with their wives and children and all their goods."

When they came to Italy, most of the Lombards still followed their old religion, but some were Arian Christians. Most of them later adopted orthodox Christian views. In later years, they fought the Franks and later the Muslims. The Normans also fought them between 1017 and 1078 AD. As a result, Italy consisted of many small states until modern times.
## References
List of songs recorded by Demi Lovato

performing on the Tell Me You Love Me World Tour in 2018.]]

This is a list of songs recorded by American singer Demi Lovato.

## Songs
 (*pictured*) collaborated with Lovato on "One and the Same" and "Send It On".|alt=Selena Gomez]]
 (*pictured*) co-wrote "World of Chances" on Lovato's sophomore album, *Here We Go Again*.]]
-winning producer and songwriter, Max Martin (*pictured*) co-wrote and co-produced "Cool for the Summer" and "Confident" from Lovato's fifth album, *Confident*.]]
 (*pictured*)  collaborated with Lovato on "Kingdom Come" from Lovato's fifth album, *Confident*.]]
 (*pictured*) co-wrote "Stone Cold", "Father" and "Yes" from Lovato's fifth album, *Confident*.]]
 (*pictured*) has penned eight songs for Lovato, including "Waitin for You" and "Commander in Chief".]]
 (*pictured*) collaborated with Lovato on "Lonely" and appeared as the only featured artist on *Tell Me You Love Me*.]]
 (*pictured*) has featured Lovato on "Avalanche" from his self-titled album and co-wrote "Ready for Ya" from *Tell Me You Love Me*.]]
 (*pictured*) featured Lovato on "Échame la Culpa" from his tenth studio album, *Vida*.]]
 (*pictured*) has featured Lovato on "Fall in Line" from her eighth studio album, *Liberation*.]]
 (*pictured*) on the song "I'm Ready" from their third studio album, *Love Goes*.]]
 (*pictured*) collaborated with Lovato on "Freak" and appeared as one of three collaborators on Lovato's eighth studio album *Holy Fvck*.]]
 (*pictured*) collaborated with Lovato on the re-recording version of "Sorry Not Sorry" for her remix album *Revamped* and a cover of "Papa Was a Rollin' Stone" from his album *Orgy of the Damned*.]]
 (*pictured*) collaborated with Lovato on the re-recording version of "La La Land" for her remix album *Revamped*.]]
 (*pictured*) on the song "Penhasco2", from Sonza's third studio album *Escândalo Íntimo*.]]

## Unreleased songs
## Related pages
*Demi Lovato discography

## Notes
## References
Holtzbrinck Publishing Group

**Holtzbrinck Publishing Group** (German: *Verlagsgruppe Georg von Holtzbrinck*) is a private publishing company of Germany. Their office is located in Stuttgart, capital of Baden-Württemberg. 

Holtzbrinck Publishing Group is one of the big five English-language publishing companies in the world. The other four publishing companies are Penguin Random House (Bertelsmann), Hachette (Lagardère), HarperCollins (News Corp), Simon & Schuster (National Amusements).

## Subsidiaries
### Germany
* S. Fischer Verlag
** FISCHER Krüger
** Argon Verlag
** FISCHER Scherz
* Rowohlt Verlag
* Kiepenheuer & Witsch 
* Verlagsgruppe Droemer Knaur 
** O.W. Barth
* Die Zeit

### United States
In the US, it trades through Macmillan Publishers name.
* Farrar, Straus and Giroux
**Faber & Faber (formerly; ended partnership in 2015)
* Henry Holt and Company
**Holt Paperbacks
**Metropolitan Books
**Times Books
**Owl Books
* Palgrave Macmillan
* Picador
* Roaring Brook Press
** Neal Porter Books
** First Second Books
* St. Martin's Press
**Thomas Dunne Books
* Tom Doherty Associates
** Tor Books
** Forge Books
* Bedford, Freeman and Worth Publishing Group
** W.H. Freeman
** Bedford-St. Martin's
** Worth Publishers
** Macmillan Learning
* Hayden-McNeil
* Nature Publishing Group
** Scientific American
* Renaissance Media

### United Kingdom
* Macmillan Publishers
** Palgrave Macmillan
** Pan Macmillan
*** Macmillan
*** Pan Books
*** Picador (imprint)
*** Macmillan Children's Books
*** Campbell Books
*** Priddy Books
*** Boxtree
*** Sidgwick & Jackson
** Macmillan Education
* Springer Nature
* Digital Science

## References
95 (number)

**Ninety-five** is a number. It comes after ninety-four and before ninety-six, and is an odd number. It is divisible by 1, 5, 19, and 95.

In Roman numerals, it is **XCV**.
Crook County, Oregon

**Crook County** is a county located in the U.S. state of Oregon. As of the 2020 census, the county has a population of 24,738 people. The county seat is Prineville.

## References
Young Sheldon

***Young Sheldon*** is an American comedy television series on CBS created by Chuck Lorre and Steven Molaro. The series is a spin-off prequel to *The Big Bang Theory*, and premiered as a special preview on September 25, 2017, and two days later, CBS picked up the series for a full season of 22 episodes. On November 2, 2017, new episodes began airing weekly. The one-hour finale aired on May 16, 2024.
King's Field

'''''King's Field''''' is an action RPG made by FromSoftware. The game's design would influence how FromSoftware would make their later games, especially the *Souls* series, *Bloodborne*, and *Sekiro*. Like From's later games, it is a high difficulty RPG where the player would have a slow attack speed. Due to this. the player will need to master the spacing and time of their attacks. However, what makes ''King's Field* different from the later From games is that the game is played from a first-person point-of-view, whereas the later games would be from a third-person point-of-view. 

Confusingly, the game called *King's Field* that came out in the United States was actually called *King's Field II'' in Japan.
Prince Frederick, Maryland

**Prince Frederick** is a census-designated place (CDP) in the U.S. state of Maryland. It is the county seat of Calvert County. As of the 2020 census, the CDP's population was 3,226.

## References
Bloodborne

***Bloodborne*** is an action RPG made by FromSoftware led by Hidetaka Miyazaki. It is very similar to FromSoftware's other games, the *Souls* series. The game has many similar features from the *Souls* series. Below are the similarities.

* Both games have a high level of difficulty that cannot be changed.
* Enemies and bosses can kill the player in only a few hits.
* Experience points are earned by killing enemies, dropped if the player dies, and disappear forever if the player dies again before getting them back.
* Upgradeable weapons and armor can be found in the game world or be bought using experience points.
* Rolling is important for dodging enemy attacks.

While the game has many similarities with the *Souls* series, there are also some big differences as well. Below are the differences.

* The games have a different setting. *Bloodborne* takes place in an dark Industrial Revolution-like world (namely, the city Yharnam and surrounding regions) rather then a Medieval Europe-like one, such as one of the *Souls* series.
**Bloodborne* has a faster pace, where the player can move and attack more quickly.
* The player does not have shields, the player cannot block or parry enemy attacks.
* The player can use guns in their offhand for stunning enemies and attacking them from far away.
* If the player is hit, the player can regain health if he hits the enemy back before the enemy hits the player again.
* In the *Souls* games, experience points can be picked up simply by go to where the player died last. In *Bloodborne*, dropped experience points must be regained by killing the same enemy who killed the player.
Scarlet Pages

***Scarlet Pages*** is a 1930 crime drama film directed by Ray Enright and based on the play of the same name. It stars Elsie Ferguson, Marian Nixon, John Halliday, Grant Withers, William B. Davidson and distributed by Warner Bros..

## Other websites
* 
*
Wara Wara

***Wara Wara*** is a 1930 Bolivian romantic drama movie directed by José María Velasco Maidana and stars Juanita Taillansier, Martha de Velasco, Arturo Borda, Guillermo Viscarra Fabre, Emmo Reyes. It was distributed by Urania Film.

## Other websites
*
Darrin Patrick

**Darrin Patrick** (December 4, 1970 – May 7, 2020) was an American author and teaching pastor. He was born in Marion, Illinois.

He taught at Seacoast Church in Charleston South Carolina. He was a pastor of The Journey, a megachurch in St. Louis, Missouri, which he founded in 2002. He was the chaplain to the St. Louis Cardinals and was the author of several books. 

Patrick was the vice-president of the Acts 29 Network, an international church planting organization, and a council member of The Gospel Coalition.

Patrick shot himself on May 7, 2020 at the age of 49.

## References
## Other websites
*Seacoast Church
Kristina Lugn

**Gunhild Bricken Kristina Lugn** (; 14November 1948 – 9 May 2020) was a Swedish poet. She was a member of the Swedish Academy. She was born in Tierp, Sweden. She was known for her many works with Henning Mankell, such as the novel *Tjuvbadarna*. She was a television presenter for the show Oförutsett which was broadcast on SVT in 1987. She presented the show along with Jörn Donner and Bert Karlsson.

Lugn was found dead at her home in Stockholm on 9 May 2020, aged 71.

## References
Kjell Espmark

**Kjell Erik Espmark** (19 February 1930 – 18 September 2022) was a Swedish writer and literary historian. 

He is a member of the Swedish Academy and Professor of the History of Literature at Stockholm University. He was elected to the Swedish Academy on 5 March 1981. Espmark replaced the linguist Elias Wessén to Seat No.16. On 6 April 2018 Espmark announced that he would no longer participate in the work of the Academy, but returned to his seat in January 2019. 

He was born in Strömsund, Sweden.

## References
Kerstin Ekman

**Kerstin Lillemor Ekman** (*née* Hjorth; born 27 August 1933) is a Swedish novelist. She was born in Risinge, Finspång, Östergötland County. She is known for her 1993 mystery novel *Blackwater*. Ekman was elected member of the Swedish Academy in 1978, but left the Academy in 1989.

In 2025, Jan Kjærstad (a Norwegian writer) said that works by Ekland should have been in "Kulturkanon"; *Kulturkanon* is a list of (important or) significant Swedish works that are at least 50 years old; The list is from 2025.

## References
Per Wästberg

**Per Erik Wästberg** (born 20 November 1933) is a Swedish writer. He became a member of the Swedish Academy in 1997. Wästberg was born in Stockholm. He was editor-in-chief of Sweden's largest daily newspaper, *Dagens Nyheter*, from 1976 to 1982.

He was President of International PEN from 1979 until 1986 and member of the Nobel Prize for Literature committee. He was the founder of the Swedish section of Amnesty International (1963).

## References
Allan Edwall

**Johan Allan Edwall** (25 August 1924 &ndash; 7 February 1997) was a Swedish actor, director, author, composer and singer. He appeared in some of Ingmar Bergman's movies such as *Fanny and Alexander* (1982). He was also known for starring in television movies based on the children's stories by Astrid Lindgren. He was also known for his role in *Emil and the Piglet*. He was born in Rödön, Sweden.

Edwall died on 7 February 1997 in Stockholm of prostate cancer, aged 72.

## References
Abraham Palatnik

**Abraham Palatnik** (February 2, 1928 – May 9, 2020) was a Brazilian artist and inventor. His worked were kinechromatic art. Palatnik was born in Natal, Rio Grande do Norte. He was seen as an important person of technological art. Some of his works were in the First Biennial of São Paulo in 1951. 

He lived from 1932 to 1947 in Israel before settling in Rio de Janeiro.

Palatnik died from COVID-19 on May 9, 2020 in Rio de Janeiro, aged 92.

## References
Châtelaudren

**Châtelaudren** is a former commune. It is found in the region Bretagne in the Côtes-d'Armor department in the west of France. On 1 January 2019, it was merged into the new commune of Châtelaudren-Plouagat.

## References
Space Force (TV series)

***Space Force*** is an American comedy web television series. It was created by Greg Daniels and Steve Carell. It stars Carell, John Malkovich, Ben Schwartz, Diana Silvers, Lisa Kudrow, Jane Lynch with Tawny Newsome and the late Fred Willard. The series ran on Netflix from May 29, 2020 to February 18, 2022.

*Space Force* is a workplace comedy series that centers on a group of people in charge of creating the sixth branch of the United States Armed Forces, the United States Space Force.

## References
Mutual majority criterion

The **mutual majority criterion** is a criterion used to compare voting systems. It is also known as the **majority criterion for solid coalitions** and the **generalized majority criterion**. The criterion says that if a majority of voters like a group of candidates more than all of the other candidates, then one of the candidates in the group must win. This is similar to, but more broad than, the majority criterion, where the group of candidates can only have one candidate in it. The Droop proportionality criterion is a more broad form of the mutual majority criterion, which also applies to multi-winner elections.

The Schulze method, ranked pairs, instant-runoff voting, Nanson's method, and Bucklin voting pass this criterion. All Smith-efficient Condorcet methods pass the mutual majority criterion.

The plurality vote, approval voting, range voting, the Borda count, and minimax fail this criterion.

Voting methods which pass the majority criterion but fail mutual majority can have a spoiler effect, since if a minority-preferred candidate wins, and all of the candidates preferred by the majority, except for one, leave the election, then the remaining majority-preferred candidate will win instead.

## References
1987 Stanley Cup Finals

The **1987 Stanley Cup Finals** was the championship series of the National Hockey League's (NHL) 1986–87 season, and the culmination of the 1987 Stanley Cup playoffs. It was contested between the Edmonton Oilers and the Philadelphia Flyers. The Oilers won the series 4–3, for their third Stanley Cup victory. This would be the fifth of eight consecutive Finals contested by a team from Alberta (the Oilers appeared in six, the Calgary Flames in two), and the fourth of five consecutive Finals to end with the Cup presentation on Alberta ice (the Oilers won four times, the Montreal Canadiens once).

## Notes
## References
*
*
Rashida Hamid

**Rashida Hamid** also known as **Rashida Khanom** is a Bangladeshi public figure, 8th First Lady of Bangladesh and the wife of former President Abdul Hamid. Rashida was the country's first lady from 24 April 2013 to 24 April 2023.

## Biography
Rashida was born at Jafrabad, Karimganj. Her father name is Abdul Halim Khan. Rashida completed her graduation from Gurudayal Government College. In 1964 Rashida was married to Abdul Hamid. They have 3 son and 1 daughter together.

Rashida was heading a kindergarten school as the head teacher since Abdul Hamid became the speaker.

## References
Djoko Santoso

General **Djoko Santoso** (; 8 September 1952 &ndash; 10 May 2020) was an Indonesian general. He was Chief of Staff of the Indonesian Army from 2005 to 2007. He was then appointed to the highest military office which is Commander of the Indonesian National Armed Forces. He had the job from 2007 until his retirement in 2010.

Santoso died on 10 May 2020 of surgery-related problems, aged 67.

## References
## Other websites
*Archive of Biography on tokohindonesia.com
Bhojpuri language

**Bhojpuri language** is an Indo-Aryan language which is spoken in northern-eastern India and It is mainly spoken in the Indian states of Bihar, and Uttar Pradesh. There are also Bhojpuri speakers in the Caribbean. The language today is written in Devanagari, but before was written in Kaithi.

## References
George Kauffman

**George Bernard Kauffman** (September 4, 1930 &ndash; May 2, 2020) was an American chemist and educator. He was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Kauffman was a Professor of Chemistry at California State University, Fresno. In 1978, Kauffman was honored with the Dexter Award from the American Chemical Society. He was a Guggenheim Fellow.

Kauffman died on May 2, 2020 at his home in Fresno, California at the age of 89.

## References
1984 Stanley Cup Finals

The **1984 Stanley Cup Finals** was the championship series of the National Hockey League's (NHL) 1983–84 season, and the culmination of the 1984 Stanley Cup playoffs. It was contested between the Edmonton Oilers and the defending champion New York Islanders. The upstart Oilers won the best-of-seven series, four games to one, to win their first Stanley Cup, becoming the third post-1967 expansion team and first former World Hockey Association team to win the Cup, and also the first team based west of Chicago to win the Cup since the WCHL's Victoria Cougars became the last non-NHL team to win it in .

## References
;Inline citations

;Bibliography
*
* Podnieks, Andrew; Hockey Hall of Fame (2004). ''Lord Stanley's Cup''. Bolton, Ont.: Fenn Pub. pp 12, 50.
Follow Thru

***Follow Thru*** is a 1930 American romantic musical comedy movie. It was directed by Lloyd Corrigan. The movie is based on the 1929 musical of the same name. Actors include Charles "Buddy" Rogers, Nancy Carroll, Zelma O'Neal, Jack Haley, Eugene Pallette, and Thelma Todd. It was distributed by Paramount Pictures.

## Other websites
* 
* 
*
Condorcet loser criterion

In single-winner voting system theory, the **Condorcet loser criterion** (CLC) is used to compare different voting systems. Any voting system that passes the CLC will also pass the majority loser criterion.

A voting system that passes the Condorcet loser criterion will never allow a *Condorcet loser* to win.  A Condorcet loser is a candidate who would lose a head-to-head competition against each other candidate. (Not all elections will have a Condorcet loser since it is possible for every candidate to lose against at least one other candidate head-to-head.)

Any voting method that passes the Smith criterion will also pass the Condorcet loser criterion, because the Condorcet loser doesn't pairwise beat anyone, and so could not be in the Smith set.

Voting methods that pass include: two-round system, instant-runoff voting (AV), contingent vote, borda count, Schulze method, ranked pairs, and Kemeny-Young method. Any voting method that ends in a runoff passes the criterion, because the Condorcet loser will lose in any head-to-head competition.

Voting methods that don't pass include: plurality voting, supplementary voting, Sri Lankan contingent voting, approval voting, range voting, Bucklin voting and minimax Condorcet.

## Related pages 
* Condorcet method
* Condorcet criterion
Love That Brute

***Love That Brute*** is a 1950 American crime comedy movie. It was directed by Alexander Hall. It is a remake of the 1941 movie *Tall, Dark and Handsome*. It stars Paul Douglas, Jean Peters, Cesar Romero, and Keenan Wynn. It was distributed by 20th Century Fox.

## Other websites
*
1985 Stanley Cup Finals

The **1985 Stanley Cup Finals** was the championship series of the National Hockey League's (NHL) 1984–85 season, and the culmination of the 1985 Stanley Cup playoffs. It was contested between the defending champion Edmonton Oilers (in their third straight Finals appearance) and the Philadelphia Flyers. The Oilers would win the best-of-seven series, four games to one, to win their second Stanley Cup. It was also the sixth straight Finals contested between teams that joined the NHL in 1967 or later. This was the last time, until 2022, that a team would appear in the Finals for three straight season. This would be the third of eight consecutive Finals contested by a team from Alberta (the Oilers appeared in six, the Calgary Flames in  and ), and the second of five consecutive Finals to end with the Cup presentation on Alberta ice (the Oilers won four of those times, the Montreal Canadiens once).

## References
*
* Podnieks, Andrew; Hockey Hall of Fame (2004). ''Lord Stanley's Cup''. Bolton, Ont.: Fenn Pub. pp 12, 50.
The Castle Tour

**The Castle Tour** is a 1986 Swedish television film directed by Claes Eriksson and Lars Gustavsson and the second film to star the members of Galenskaparna och After Shave.

## Plot
Some tourists are shown around an old castle (Tjolöholm Castle) by a guide (Peter Rangmar), who speaks a homemade version of English that cannot be understood, not knowing the tourists are Swedish. For example, the guide calls the upper class "Bimbodocksockers". During the tour, the group comes upon various events, which the guide does not know is happening.

## Cast
* Peter Rangmar - The guide to the castle
* Jan Rippe - Tourist with a candy bag
* Kerstin Granlund - Tourist
* Per Fritzell - A tourist with an interest in the woman (Kerstin Granlund)
* Anders Eriksson - The tourist with survival equipment
* Claes Eriksson - Tourist with a camera
* Knut Agnred - Tourist with his son (Erik Wingquist)
* Erik Wingquist - Young guy
* Marianne Östlund - clerk
* Barbro Appelgren - maid

## Other websites
* 
* The Castle Tour &#124; Kulturtuben
University of Tokyo Press

The  is a university press affiliated with the University of Tokyo in Japan. It was founded in 1951, following the post-World War II reorganization of the university. They received the special prize from the Japan foundation in 1990.
## Scientific textbooks
The University of Tokyo Press has published many textbooks for various scientific areas. For example, they have textbooks for
* Linear algebra
* Numerical analysis 
* Partial differential equations
## References
1990 Stanley Cup Finals

The Edmonton Oilers defeated the Boston Bruins in five games, capturing their fifth Stanley Cup Championship.  Game five was played on May 24, 1990 at the Boston Garden in Boston, Massachusetts. This victory marked the first time the Oilers would win the Stanley Cup without Wayne Gretzky.  

The victory also became the first time the Oilers would win the Stanley Cup on the road, away from Northlands Coliseum.  Game one in Boston would eventually be settled in the third overtime period when Petr Klima scored at 15:13 for the Oilers.  

The final score of game one was 3 to 2 for Edmonton.  The Oilers Bill Ranford was awarded the Conn Smythe Trophy, honoring him as the most valuable player of the 1990 Stanley Cup Playoffs.
Montséret

**Montséret** is a commune of 594 people (2017). It is in the region Occitanie in the Aude department in the south of France. It is a small wine-producing village in the wine district of Corbières.

## References 
## Other websites
The Affairs of Susan

***The Affairs of Susan*** is a 1945 American romantic comedy movie. It was directed by William A. Seiter. Actors include Joan Fontaine, George Brent, Dennis O'Keefe, and Walter Abel. It was distributed by Paramount Pictures. It was nominated for an Academy Award in 1946.

## References
## Other websites
* 
*
The Nevadan

***The Nevadan*** is a 1950 American western movie. It was directed by Gordon Douglas. Actors include Randolph Scott, Dorothy Malone, Forrest Tucker, Frank Faylen, and George Macready. It was distributed by Columbia Pictures.

## Other websites
* 
*
Straight Time

***Straight Time*** is a 1978 American crime drama movie. It was directed by Ulu Grosbard. The movie is based on the book *No Beast So Fierce* by Edward Bunker (who also stars). Other actors include Dustin Hoffman, Theresa Russell, Harry Dean Stanton, M. Emmet Walsh, Kathy Bates, and Gary Busey. It was distributed by Warner Bros.

## Other websites
* 
* 
*
Kansas Raiders

***Kansas Raiders*** is a 1950 American western movie. It was directed by Ray Enright. Actors include Audie Murphy, Tony Curtis, Brian Donlevy, Marguerite Chapman, Scott Brady, Richard Arlen, and Richard Egan. It was distributed by Universal Pictures. It is set during the American Civil Warr, and it is about Jesse James joining William Quantrill.

## Cast
* Audie Murphy as Jesse James
* Brian Donlevy as William Quantrill
* Marguerite Chapman as Kate Clarke
* Scott Brady as Bill Anderson
* Tony Curtis as Kit Dalton
* Richard Arlen as Union captain
* Richard Long as Frank James
* James Best as Cole Younger
* John Kellogg as Red Leg leader
* Dewey Martin as James Younger
* George Chandler as Willie
* Charles Delaney as Pell
* Richard Egan as First Lieutenant 
* David Wolfe as Rudolph Tate (as Dave Wolfe)

## References
## Other websites
*
Paul Landowski

**Paul Maximilien Landowski** (1 June 1875 &ndash; 31 March 1961) was a French sculptor. Landowski was born in the 9th arrondissement of Paris and died in Boulogne-Billancourt.

He is famous for creating the *Christ the Redeemer* in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. He created it in 1931. He worked with Heitor da Silva Costa, who was an engineer, and Gheorghe Leonida, an architect.
Curry County, Oregon

**Curry County** is a county located in the U.S. state of Oregon. As of the 2020 census, the county has a population of 23,446 people. The county seat is Gold Beach.

## References
Steve Wilkos

**Steven John Wilkos** (born March 9, 1964) is an American television personality, who has been hosting *The Steve Wilkos Show* since 2007.
Lassi

**Lassi** (Urdu:لسی) is a popular traditional dahi (yogurt)-based drink that originated in the Indian subcontinent. Lassi is a blend of yoghurt, water, spices and sometimes fruit. Namkeen (salty) lassi is similar to doogh, while sweet and mango lassis are like milkshakes.

## References
If I Can't Have You

"'''If I Can't Have You'''" is a song by Canadian singer Shawn Mendes. It was released as the lead single (sixth overall) from the deluxe edition of Mendes' self-titled third studio album through Island Records on May 3, 2019. The music video was released the same day. "If I Can't Have You" has reached number one in Hungary and China, as well as the top five in Australia, Austria, Canada, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Malaysia, New Zealand, Scotland, Slovakia, and the United States.

## References
A Yank in the RAF

***A Yank in the RAF*** is a 1941 American World War II adventure movie directed by Henry King and starring Tyrone Power, Betty Grable, John Sutton, Lester Matthews, Reginald Gardiner, Ralph Byrd, Frederick Worlock. It was distributed by 20th Century Fox and was nominated for an Academy Award in 1941.

## Other websites
* 
* 
*
Week-End in Havana

***Week-End in Havana*** (also known as ***A Week-End in Havana*** and ***That Week-End in Havana***) is a 1941 American romantic musical comedy movie directed by Walter Lang. It stars Alice Faye, Carmen Miranda, John Payne, Cesar Romero. It was distributed by 20th Century Fox and is the follow up to the 1940 movie *Down Argentine Way* and *That Night in Rio*.

## Other websites
* 
*
Marcus Paus

**Marcus Nicolay Paus** (born 14 October 1979) () is a Norwegian composer. He is known for his orientation toward tradition, tonality and melody. His work includes chamber music, choral works, solo works, concerts, orchestral works, operas, symphonies, and works for theatre, film and television.

## Awards
*Wessel Prize, 2012
* Composer of the Year Prize of the Norwegian Music Publishers, 2017

## References
Ralph P. Locke

**Ralph P. Locke** (born 1949) is an American music researcher and professor emeritus of musicology at Eastman School of Music in New York. He one of the most well known classical music critics in the United States. He founded the *Eastman Studies in Music* series. He is a contributor to *The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians* and several other books, and has been editor of several journals. He is also "one of the most published musicologists on orientalism and music." Locke earned his bachelor's degree at Harvard University and his doctorate at the University of Chicago.

## Selected works
**Music and the Exotic from the Renaissance to Mozart*, Cambridge University Press, 2015
**Musical Exoticism: Images and Reflections*, Cambridge University Press, 2009
**Cultivating Music in America: Women Patrons and Activists since 1860*, University of California Press, 1997
**Music, Musicians, and the Saint-Simonians*, University of Chicago Press, 1986

## References
Convicted (1950 movie)

***Convicted*** is a 1950 American crime film noir drama directed by Henry Levin and is the third adaption film the 1929 play *The Criminal Code* by Martin Flavin. It stars Glenn Ford, Broderick Crawford, Millard Mitchell, Dorothy Malone, Carl Benton Reid, Ed Begley, Douglas Kennedy, Martha Stewart, Frank Faylen and was distributed by Columbia Pictures.

## Other websites
* 
*
Jack Horner (politician)

**John Henry "Jack" Horner**  (July 20, 1927 &ndash; November 18, 2004) was a Canadian politician. He was a Member of Parliament (MP) in the House of Commons of Canada for the electoral areas of Acadia and Crowfoot. He was an MP from 1958 to 1979. Horner is famous for fighting very hard for ranchers and farmers.

When he was in politics, Horner was very well known for being a right-wing politician. He strongly supported the Progressive Conservative Prime Minister from 1957 to 1963, John Diefenbaker. Many of his family were very important in Western Canadian politics. They were all part of a group called "Diefenbaker's cowboys". Horner tried to become the leader of the Progressive Conservative Party many times. After he lost to Joe Clark in trying to become the leader in 1976, he crossed the floor, or changed the political party he was part of. He went from the Progressive Conservative Party to the Liberal Party.

After he became a Liberal, Pierre Trudeau made him a cabinet minister. He became a Minister without portfolio, then the Minister of Industry, Trade, and Commerce. He lost his election in 1979. He later became a part of the board of directors of the Canadian National Railway.

Horner died in Calgary, Alberta at the age of 77.

## References
## Other websites
*
Icing

**Icing** may refer to:

* Atmospheric icing, occurs when water droplets freeze on objects they contact
* Icing conditions, atmospheric conditions that can lead to the formation of water ice on various surfaces

* Aufeis, also called icing, a sheet-like mass of layered ice that forms from the freezing of successive flows of groundwater
* Claire's, which has a brand of accessories and jewelry called Icing
* Cryotherapy, also called icing, the cooling of body parts, often using ice or cold packs, to decrease pain and inflammation 
* Fuel system icing inhibitor, an additive to aviation fuels that prevents the formation of ice in fuel lines
* Icing (drinking game), a drinking game involving the consumption of large quantities of Smirnoff Ice in inappropriate situations
* Icing (food), a sweet and often creamy glaze made of sugar used to cover or decorate baked goods, such as cakes, cookies or donuts
**Powdered sugar, also known as confectioners' sugar or icing sugar, is a very fine sugar used for icing, frosting and other decorations
**Royal icing, a hard, white icing, made from softly beaten egg whites, powdered sugar, and sometimes lemon or lime juice
* Icing (ice hockey), an ice hockey rule intended to discourage intentionally whacking the puck away from a team's goal to run out the clock
* Icing (nautical), sea spray that freezes upon contact with ships, occurs during very cold and windy weather, can cause a ship to capsize
*Icing the kicker, is a tactic employed by defending teams in American or Canadian football to disrupt the process of kicking a field goal just prior to the snap.

## Related pages
* Ice
* Ising
Panic in the Streets (movie)

***Panic in the Streets*** is a 1950 American crime thriller movie directed by Elia Kazan and stars Jack Palance, Richard Widmark, Paul Douglas, Barbara Bel Geddes, Zero Mostel, Tommy Rettig. It was distributed by 20th Century Fox and won an Academy Award in 1950.

## Other websites
* 
*
Betty Wright

**Bessie Regina Norris** (December 21, 1953 – May 10, 2020), better known by her stage name **Betty Wright**, was an American soul and R&B singer-songwriter and background vocalist. She became famous in the 1970s with hits such as "Clean Up Woman" and "Tonight Is the Night". 

Wright was born in Miami, Florida. Wright died of endometrial cancer on May 10, 2020 in Miami. She was 66.

## References
Sérgio Sant'Anna

'''Sérgio Sant'Anna''' (October 30, 1941 – May 10, 2020) was a Brazilian writer. He was born in Rio de Janeiro. He wrote poems, plays, short stories, novellas and novels. His works have been translated to German and Italian.

Sant'Anna was known for his collection of poems titled *O Concerto de João Gilberto no Rio de Janeiro*. He also wrote the 1981 play *Um Romance de Geração*. His 2003 short novel * O vôo da madrugada* was translated to many languages. 

Sant'Anna died on May 10, 2020 in Rio de Janeiro of COVID-19, aged 78.

## References
Battleground (1949 movie)

***Battleground*** is a 1949 American World War II action movie directed by William A. Wellman and stars Van Johnson, John Hodiak, Ricardo Montalbán, George Murphy, Marshall Thompson, James Whitmore, Douglas Fowley. It was distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer and was nominated for 6 Oscars and won 2 Academy Awards in 1950.

## Other websites
* 
*
Ignacio de Loyola Brandão

**Ignácio de Loyola Brandão** (born 31 July 1936) is a Brazilian writer. He is best known as the author of the dystopian science-fiction novel *Zero*. He was a critic of totalitarianism.  In 2008, he was awarded the Prêmio Jabuti for his novel *O Menino que Vendia Palavras* (The Boy who Sold Words). He was born in Araraquara, São Paulo.

## References
## Other websites
*Zero, a short review at nthWORD Magazine Shorts
Stanley Miller

**Stanley Lloyd Miller** (March 7, 1930 – May 20, 2007) was an American chemist. He was known for discovering the Miller–Urey experiment, which showed that complex organic molecules could be synthesised from inorganic precursors. He was seen as the "father of prebiotic chemistry".

## References
Demi Lovato discography

This is the discography of American singer Demi Lovato.

## Albums
### Studio albums
### Remix albums
## Extended plays
## Singles
### As lead artist
### As featured artist
### Promotional singles
## Other charted or certified songs
## Related pages
* List of songs recorded by Demi Lovato

## Footnotes
## References
## Other websites
* Official Website 
* Demi Lovato at All Music 
* 
*
Mother Didn't Tell Me

'''''Mother Didn't Tell Me'''* is a 1950 American comedy movie. It was directed by Claude Binyon. The movie is based on the 1949 book *The Doctor Wears Three Faces'' by Mary Bard. Actors include Dorothy McGuire, William Lundigan, June Havoc, Gary Merrill, and Jessie Royce Landis. It was distributed by 20th Century Fox.

## Other websites
* 
*
Karl Schwarzschild

**Karl Schwarzschild** (9 October 1873 – 11 May 1916) was a German physicist and astronomer.

Best known for his solution to Einstein's equations of general relativity, which describes the gravitational field outside a non-rotating black hole with no magnetic field.

The equation describes how a particle moves space near this black hole (using spherical coordinates). 

(ds)^2=-c^2(1-\frac{r_s}{r})(dt)^2+\frac{1}{(1-\frac{r_s}{r})}(dr)^2+r^2(d\theta)^2+r^2\sin^2(\theta)(d\phi)^2

ds is the path it follows 
dt is the change in time 
dr is the change in radius 
d\theta and d\phi are the change in angle 
\theta is also the angle 
r_s is the set radius limit of the heavy object 
r is how close the travelling object is to the heavy object 
c is the speed of light

This equation is also known as the Schwarzschild metric or Schwarzschild solution.

## References
Pedro Pablo León

**Pedro Pablo León García** (29 June 1943 – 9 May 2020) was a Peruvian footballer. He was born in Lima, Peru. From 1963 to 1973, he played for the national team. He also played for Alianza Lima, Barcelona, Deportivo Galicia, Deportivo Municipal and Juan Aurich. His career lasted from 1961 to 1976.

León died on 9 May 2020 in Lima of pneumonia caused by kidney failure, aged 76.

## References
Richard Sala

**Richard Sala** (June 2, 1954 – May 7, 2020) was an American horror cartoonist, illustrator, and comic book creator. He was born in Oakland, California. He was raised in West Chicago, Illinois. 

Two of his books, *The Chuckling Whatsit* and *Mad Night* began as serials. *The Chuckling Whatsit* first appeared in the anthology *Zero Zero*. Sala has also worked on projects with Lemony Snicket, Steve Niles and The Residents and illustrated *Doctor Sax and The Great World Snake*

In 2014, Sala began writing and drawing a webcomic entitled Super-Enigmatix. In 2016, Sala began a second webcomic, The Bloody Cardinal, also about a mystery-shrouded super-criminal.

On May 9, 2020, Sala's death was announced, aged 65.

## References
Halls of Montezuma (1951 movie)

***Halls of Montezuma*** is a 1951 American World War II action movie directed by Lewis Milestone and starring Richard Widmark, Richard Boone, Jack Palance, Karl Malden, Robert Wagner, Reginald Gardiner, Neville Brand, Jack Webb, Martin Milner. It was distributed by 20th Century Fox.

## Other websites
*
Jan Saxl

**Jan Saxl** (5 June 1948 – 2 May 2020) was a Czech-British mathematician. He was a professor at the University of Cambridge. He was known for his work in finite group theory. Saxl was born in Brno, in what was at the time Czechoslovakia. He worked at the University of Illinois at Chicago, and had a lecturer position at the University of Glasgow.

He was elected as a fellow of Gonville and Caius College in 1986,

Saxl died on 2 May 2020 after a long-illness, aged 71.

## References
Reiko Kobayashi

**Reiko Kobayashi** (1939-1996, 小林禮子, former name is Reiko Kitani, 木谷禮子) is a Japanese female 7-dan professional Go player at Nihon Ki-in.
## Achievements
## Notable family members
Reiko Kobayashi has several professional players in her family.
* Daughter: Izumi Kobayashi, former female title holder
* Son in law: Cho U, 9-dan professional player from Taiwan

## References
The Feminine Touch (1941 movie)

***The Feminine Touch*** is a 1941 American comedy movie directed by W.S. Van Dyke and starring Rosalind Russell, Don Ameche, Kay Francis, Donald Meek, Van Heflin. It was distributed  by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer.

## Other websites
*
For You Alone

***For You Alone*** is a 1945 British World War II romance movie directed by Geoffrey Faithfull and starring Lesley Brook, Dinah Sheridan, Jimmy Hanley. It was distributed by Buther's Film Service.

## Other websites
* 
*
Golden Girl (1951 movie)

***Golden Girl*** is a 1951 American musical movie directed by Lloyd Bacon and starring Mitzi Gaynor, Dale Robertson, Dennis Day, Una Merkel. It was distributed by 20th Century Fox and was nominated for an Academy Award in 1952.

## Other websites
* 
*
Burghclere

**Burghclere** is a small village and civil parish in Hampshire, England. According to the 2011 census, the village had a population of 1,152 people. It is near the border with West Berkshire.

There are three schools in Burghclere: Burghclere primary school and the Clere school are both local authority schools. St Michael's school is an independent Catholic school. 

Burghclere is home to Sandham Memorial Chapel, which is a National Trust property that houses some of a 20th century artist Stanley Spencer's paintings.

Burghclere has some beautiful rural scenery, so you can walk along the old railway, through many fields, or go for a hike. In the winter time, if it snows, Beacon Hill, or Jacob's Ladder, are where many young people and older people gather for snowballing or sledging.

Church of the Ascension is the church in Burghclere. Burghclere Primary School uses it for their Easter, Harvest and Christmas services. The Burghclere Primary School Brass Band occasionally plays at the church services. The church was consecrated in 1838. The church had a spire added and it was restored during 1874 / 1875 and reopened on 13th May 1875 (Ascension Day). There are six bells at the church, three were originally at All Saints church in the village of Newtown, another was acquired in 1838 and to commemorate the jubilees of Queen Victoria, two treble bells were added, one in 1887 and 1897.

## References 
Opposite Burghclere Primary School, there is Burghclere Sports Club  and an amazing children's playground. The Sports Club has a large field where people can take different games or sports equipment to play with. This is also where the children at Burghclere Primary School do their Cross Country Running. A new miniature railway is also being installed here.
Arch of Triumph (1948 movie)

***Arch of Triumph*** is a 1948 American World War II romantic drama movie directed by Lewis Milestone and based on the 1945 novel of the same name by Erich Maria Remarque. It stars Ingrid Bergman, Charles Boyer, Charles Laughton, Ruth Warrick, Norman Lloyd, Stephen Bekassy and was distributed by United Artists. It was remade in 1985 for a Television film.

## Other websites
* 
*
CO

**CO** or **Co** can mean:

## Chemistry 
* Carbon monoxide, chemical compound
* Carbonyl, functional group
* Cobalt, chemical symbol Co

## Places 
* Colombia, ISO country code CO
* Colorado, United States

## Titles 
* Commanding officer
Preixan

**Preixan** is a commune of 619 people (2017). It is in the region Occitanie in the Aude department in the south of France.

## References 
## Other websites
Supreme leader

A **supreme leader** or **supreme ruler** is a title used by many dictators or rulers of countries who have full power over the government.

Supreme leader may refer to:
* Adolf Hitler () in Germany
* Benito Mussolini () in Italy
* Hirohito (, ) in Japan
* Joseph Stalin (, ) in the Soviet Union
* Supreme leader of North Korea (, )
* Paramount leader of China ()
* General secretaries of communist parties in communist states
* Supreme Leader of Iran (, )
Chaise

A **chaise**, sometimes called **chay** or **shay**, is a lightweight two- or four-wheeled carriage. It is made for one or two people. It is used for travel or leisure. It has a folding hood or calash top. The name, in use in England before 1700, came from the French word [“chaise”] (meaning “chair”) through a transfer from a sedan-chair to a wheeled vehicle.  

## References
Urban sprawl

]]
**Urban sprawl** is the name of a city growing in areas which have been unpopulated so far. This growth happens once the city has reached a certain size. In general, this growth also happens without regard for the planned growth, called urban planning. In the Middle Ages, there was the benefit of being protected when people lived inside the city. In modern times, there is no such benefit, and the only disadvantage is that it takes longer for people to get to the city center. People disagree about the exact definition of urban sprawl and how to measure it.

The term urban sprawl is a political one, and almost always has a negative connotation (usually that of the uncontrolled growth of a city).
Douglas County, Oregon

**Douglas County** is a county located in the U.S. state of Oregon. As of the 2020 census, the county has a population of 111,201 people. The county seat is Roseburg.

## References