List of heads of state of Syria

This is a list of **Heads of state of Syria** since 1920.

## Mamluk Sultanate
## Ottoman Syria
## Military administrators
### OETA South chief administrators
The area was divided into four districts: Jerusalem, Jaffa, Majdal and Beersheba, each under a military governor. Both of the first two British administrators, Generals Money and Watson, were removed by London for not favouring the Zionists over the Arabs; when the OETA administration ended, Liberal party politician (and former British Home Secretary) Herbert Samuel was installed as the first civilian administrator.

### OETA East administrators
OETA East was a joint Arab-British military administration. The Arab and British armies entered Damascus on 1 October 1918, and on 3 October 1918 Ali Rida al-Rikabi was appointed Military Governor of OETA East. Prince Faisal son of King Hussain of Mecca entered Damascus as on 4 October and appointed Rikabi Chief of the Council of Directors (i.e. prime minister) of Syria.

The boundary definition of OETA East left uncertainties to the south and east, leading to competing claims from the Kingdom of Hejaz and Occupied Iraq respectively – see Occupation of Ma'an and Occupation of Zor for further details.
* Rida al-Rikabi (3 October 1918 – 26 November 1919)

### OETA North (West) administrators
* Marie Antoine Philpin de Piépape (7 Oct 1918 - 19 Nov 1918)
* Jules Camille Hamelin (19 Nov 1918 - 21 Nov 1919)
* François Georges Barb (21 Nov 1919 -  1 Sep 1920)

### OETA North (Cilicia) administrators
* Édouard Brémond

## List of high commissioners of France in the Levant
* Syria or French Syria (1920–1946) (French Mandate of Syria)

## List of general delegates of Free France in the Levant
## High Commissioners
* 26 Nov 1919 – 23 Nov 1922: Henri Gouraud
* 23 Nov 1922 – 17 Apr 1923:  (acting)
* 19 Apr 1923 – 29 Nov 1924: Maxime Weygand
* 29 Nov 1924 – 23 Dec 1925: Maurice Sarrail
* 23 Dec 1925 – 23 Jun 1926: Henry de Jouvenel
* Aug 1926 – 16 Jul 1933: Auguste Henri Ponsot
* 16 Jul 1933 – Jan 1939: Damien de Martel
* Jan 1939 – Nov 1940: Gabriel Puaux
* 24 Nov 1940 – 27 Nov 1940: Jean Chiappe (died on flight to take office)
* 6 Dec 1940 – 16 Jun 1941: Henri Dentz
* 24 Jun 1941 – 7 Jun 1943: Georges Catroux
* 7 Jun 1943 – 23 Nov 1943: 
* 23 Nov 1943 – 23 Jan 1944: Yves Chataigneau
* 23 Jan 1944 – 1 Sep 1946: Étienne Paul-Émile-Marie Beynet

## Governors Jabal Druze State 
*Amir Salim Pasha al-Atrash (1 May 1921 – 15 September 1923)
*Trenga (provisional) (September 1923 – 6 March 1924)
*Gabriel Marie Victor Carbillet (6 March 1924 – 14 October 1925), provisional to 1 October 1924
*Sultan Pasha al-Atrash (18 July 1925 – 1 June 1927), chief of state; in dissidence
*Charles Andréa (15 October 1925 – 1927)
*Marie Joseph Léon Augustin Henry (1927)
*Abel Jean Ernest Clément-Grancourt (1927–1932)
*Claude-Gabriel-Renaud Massiet (3 February 1932 – 28 January 1934)
*Justin-Antoine Devicq (1934–1935)
*Pierre-Joseph-François Tarrit (1935 – 2 December 1936)
### Hatay State
**Hatay State** (; ; ), also known informally as the **Republic of Hatay** (), was a transitional political entity that existed from 7 September 1938 to 29 June 1939, in the territory of the Sanjak of Alexandretta of the French Mandate of Syria. The state was transformed *de facto* into the Hatay Province of Turkey on 7 July 1939, *de jure * joining the country on 23 July 1939.

## Alawite State
The Alawite State was run by a succession of French governors from 1920 to 1936:
*2 September 1920 – 1921: Colonel Marie Joseph Émile Niéger (b. 1874; d. 1951)
*1921–1922: Gaston Henri Gustave Billotte (b. 1875; d. 1940)
*1922–1925: Léon Henri Charles Cayla (b. 1881; d. 1965)
*1925 – 5 December 1936: Ernest Marie Hubert Schoeffler (b. 1877; d. 1952)

The Sunni landowners, primarily living in the province's cities, were supporters of Syrian unity; however, the French were supported by the rural Alawite communities to whom they catered.

In 1930 the Alawite State was renamed as the Government of Latakia, the only concession by the French to Arab nationalists until 1936.

## List
## List of officeholders
### Second Syrian Republic (1950–1958)
### United Arab Republic (1958–1961)
### Syrian Arab Republic (1961–2024)
## General Secretary of the National Command of the Ba'ath Party (1963-2024)
The General Secretary of the National Command of the Ba'ath Party was the most powerful ocupation in Syria from 9 March 1963  to 18 November 1970

## Secretary of the Syrian Regional Command of the Ba'ath Party (1963-2024)
The Secretary of the Syrian Regional Command of the Ba'ath Party is the most powerful ocupation in Syria since 18 November 1970

## Related pages
*List of Prime Ministers of Syria
*President of Syria
*Prime Minister of Syria

## References