open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Boris Pistorius

**Boris Pistorius** (; born 14 March 1960) is a German lawyer and politician of the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD). He has been the Federal Minister of Defence since 19 January 2023. 

He was in the State Parliament of Lower Saxony from 2017, until his appointment as Federal Minister in 2023.

## References
VMware Workstation Player

**VMware Workstation Player** (also known is **VMware Player**) is a virtualization software and the succesor of VMware Workstation was developed by VMware. It has been released on December 12, 2005, alongside the released of VMware Workstation version 5.0. VMware Workstation Player is used of non-commercial use, it running by virtualization of VMware Workstation and it supported on Microsoft Windows and Linux, similar like VMware Workstation.

## History 
In December 12, 2005, after released of VMware Workstation version 5.0, VMware announced they will be released of second virtualization software but it succesor like VMware Workstation for non-commercial use, it called **VMware Workstation Player** has been released. In early 2006, VMware Player has free downloaded of supported on Microsoft Windows and Linux and virtualization of all operating system. 

VMware Workstation Player is free used for non-commercial use, but it virtualization of VMware Workstation and started released all the version from first version and now is version 17. After released the latest version of VMware Player, VMware announced they will be released of VMware Player version 18 alongside with VMware Workstation but it begin to released in the future.

## Related pages 
* VMware Workstation
* VMware ThinApp
* VMware
Hans Friderichs

**Hans Friderichs** (16 October 1931 &ndash; 17 November 2025) was a German politician who was the Minister of Economy from 1972 to 1977 during the Willy Brandt and Helmut Schmidt governments.

Friderichs died on 17 November 2025 in Mainz, Germany at the age of 94.

## References
Katarina Barley

**Katarina Barley** (born 19 November 1968) is a German politician and lawyer who has been a Member of the European Parliament since 2019. She was the Federal Minister of Justice and Consumer Protection in the fourth Cabinet of Angela Merkel. She was also the Federal Minister of Family Affairs, Senior Citizens, Women and Youth and, from 28 September 2017, as the acting Federal Minister of Labour and Social Affairs, both until 14 March 2018.

## References
Republic of Slowjamastan

**The Republic of Slowjamastan** (officially the United Territories of the Sovereign Nation of the People's Republic of Slowjamastan) is a micronation in Imperial County, Southern California, US. 

It was started on December 1, 2021, by slow jam DJ Randy Williams, Slowjamastan is located on an empty plot of desert land along State Route 78. Although Slowjamastan has no structures, located on the plot of land is a large border sign by the highway, a border control post and an open desk that serves as the Williams' office—the sultan of the micronation. He founded Slowjamastan following a visit to Molossia, another micronation located in Dayton, Nevada, in August 2021, and purchased the plot of land in October for US$19,000. 

## References
Franziska Giffey

**Franziska Giffey** (,  **Süllke**, born 3 May 1978) is a German politician of the Social Democratic Party (SPD). She was Governing Mayor of Berlin from December 2021 to April 2023. She was Minister for Family Affairs, Senior Citizens, Women and Youth in the government of Chancellor Angela Merkel from 2018 until 2021. 

## References
Hubertus Heil

**Wolfgang-Hubertus Heil** (born 3 November 1972) is a German politician of the Social Democratic Party (SPD). He has been the Federal Minister of Labour and Social Affairs since 14 March 2018.

## References
Anne Spiegel

**Anne Spiegel** (born 15 December 1980) is a German politician of Alliance 90/The Greens. She was the Federal Minister for Family Affairs, Senior Citizens, Women and Youth in the cabinet of Chancellor Olaf Scholz from 8 December 2021 until 25 April 2022.

## References
Kai Wegner

**Kai Wegner** (born 15 September 1972) is a German politician of the Christian Democratic Union (CDU) who has been serving as Governing Mayor of Berlin since April 2023.

## References
Tony Robbins

**Anthony Jay Robbins** ( **Mahavoric**, born February 29, 1960) is an American author, coach and motivational speaker. 

He is known for his seminars, and self-help books about making your life better, managing your money, or for talking to people to inspire and encourage them.

## Products 
### Book 
*
2020 United States presidential election in Colorado

The **2020 United States presidential election in Colorado** was held on Tuesday, November 3, 2020, as part of the 2020 United States presidential election. Former Vice President Joe Biden and his running mate, junior U.S. Senator Kamala Harris had won 9 electoral votes in the Electoral College.

## References
Steffi Lemke

**Steffi Lemke** (born 19 January 1968) is a German politician of Alliance 90/The Greens who has the Federal Minister for the Environment, Nature Conservation, Nuclear Safety, and Consumer Protection since 2021. Lemke has been a member of the Bundestag from the state of Saxony-Anhalt from 1994 through 2002 and since 2013.

## References
Lisa Paus

**Elisabeth** "**Lisa**" **Paus** (born 19 September 1968) is a German politician who has been serving as the Federal Minister for Family Affairs, Senior Citizens, Women and Youth since 25 April 2022. She is a member of Alliance 90/The Greens. She has been a Member of the German Bundestag for the state of Berlin since 2009.

## References
Saeedabad Tehsil

**New Saeedabad Tehsil** (Urdu: نیو سعيد آباد) is an administrative subdivision (Tehsil), of Matiari District in the Sindh province of Pakistan.

## References
Karl Lauterbach

**Karl Wilhelm Lauterbach** (; born 21 February 1963) is a German scientist, physician, and politician of the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD). He has been the Federal Minister of Health since 8 December 2021. He is professor of health economics and epidemiology at the University of Cologne. Since the 2005 German federal election, he has been a member of the Bundestag.

During the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany, he became well known in the country for his appearances on television talk shows as an invited guest expert, along with his frequent use of Twitter to provide commentary about the pandemic.

## References
Volker Wissing

**Volker Wissing** (born 22 April 1970) is a German lawyer, former judge and politician. Wissing was the Minister of Justice from 2024 until 2025. He is a member of the Free Democratic Party (FDP) who has been serving as the party's General Secretary since 2020. He was also the Minister for Transport from 2021 until 2025.

## References
Federal Ministry for Housing, Urban Development and Building

The **Federal Ministry for Housing, Urban Development and Building** (, ), abbreviated **BMWSB**, is a cabinet-level ministry of the Federal Republic of Germany. It is headquartered in Berlin. The current minister is Klara Geywitz, of the Social Democratic Party. The Federal Ministry existed between 1949 and 1998 and was re-established in December 2021.

## Federal Ministers
**Political Party:**

## References
Dieter Haack

**Dieter Haack** (born 9 June 1934) is German politician from the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD). He was the minister of housing and town planning between 1978 and 1982.

## References
Oscar Schneider

**Oscar Schneider** (born 3 June 1927) is a german politician, lawyer and member of the Christian Democratic Union of Germany. From 1982 to 1989, he was the Minister of Housing, Urban Development and Building during the Helmut Kohl government. From 1969 to 1994, he was a member of the German Bundestag. He was born in Roth, Bavaria, Germany.

## References
Klara Geywitz

**Klara Geywitz** (; born 18 February 1976) is a German politician of the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD). She is the Federal Minister for Housing, Urban Development and Building since 2021. She served as member of the Landtag of Brandenburg from 2004 until 2019, and is a Deputy Leader of the SPD since 2019.

## References
2020 United States presidential election in Michigan

The **2020 United States presidential election in Michigan** was held on Tuesday, November 3, 2020, as part of the 2020 United States presidential election. Former Vice President Joe Biden of Delaware, and his running mate, U.S. Senator Kamala Harris had won 16 electoral votes in the Electoral College.

## References
Bettina Stark-Watzinger

**Bettina Stark-Watzinger** (;  **Stark**, born 12 May 1968) is a German economist and politician of the Free Democratic Party (FDP) who has been serving as Minister of Education and Research in Chancellor Olaf Scholz's cabinet since 2021. She has been a member of the Bundestag from the state of Hesse since 2017. 

## References
Federal Minister for Special Affairs of Germany

A **Federal Minister for Special Affairs** (, ) is a member of the German government without portfolio.

## List of Federal Ministers for Special Affairs 
**Political Party:**
Bamna Upazila

**Bamna** is an upazila (administrative division) in Barguna District, part of Barisal Division in Bangladesh.

## People
As of the 2011 Bangladesh census, Bamna Upazila had a population of 79,564, with 17,529 (22.03%) under 10 years old. The literacy rate for those aged 7 and over was 61.1%, exceeding the national average of 51.8%. The sex ratio was 1018 females per 1000 males, and 7,744 (9.73%) resided in urban areas.
## Administration
Bamna Upazila is split into four union parishads: Bamna, Bukabunia, Dauatola, and Ramna. These union parishads further consist of 39 mauzas and 49 villages.

## References
Heads of the German Chancellery

The **Head of the Chancellery** (, abbreviated *ChefBK*) is the highest-ranking official of the German Chancellery and the principal assistant of the Chancellor of Germany. The Chief of Staff is in charge of the running of the German Chancellery as well as with coordinating the federal government's work. All Chiefs of Staff since 2005 have been members of the federal cabinet.

## List of the heads of the Federal Chancellery
## References
Manfred Schüler

**Manfred Schüler** (born March 7, 1932) is a German Social Democratic Party (SPD) politician. He was born in Jessen, Germany. He focused on issues of financial reform in the Bundestag for the SPD. He was the Head of the German Chancellery from 1974 to 1980 under Chancellor Helmut Schmidt.

## References
Alpine goat

The **Alpine goat** is a medium to large-sized domestic breed known for its excellent milking ability. These goats, originating from the French Alps, have no set colors or markings, although certain markings are frowned upon. They possess horns, a straight profile, and upright ears.

Mature females (called "does") weigh around 61 kg (135 lbs) and stand about 76 cm (30 in) tall at the shoulder. Alpine goats can vary in color, ranging from white or gray to brown and black. They are heavy milkers, and their milk is used to make various dairy products such as butter, cheese, soap, and ice cream. Alpine goats are commonly employed in commercial dairy production as well as on homesteads.

## Types 
There are different sub-types of Alpine goats, including Purebred (French) Alpines and American Alpines. The latter has been influenced by other genetic factors after it was introduced to the United States, keeping its visual traits and temperament similar to French Alpines.

## Characteristics 
Alpine goats are medium to large size, with males over 81 cm (32 in) tall at the withers and females over 76 cm (30 in). They have short to medium-length hair and also come in various colors. Known for being "alertly graceful," they adapt well to different climates due to their sturdy nature.

Alpine goats are friendly and curious, but can be independent and strong-willed. The sexual maturation rate is around four to five months for buck kids (male baby goats) and five to six months for doe (female) kids. The gestation period for does is 145–155 days, with twins being the most common, but they can have singles or even quintuplets.

## Milk 
The Alpine goat is famous for its milk production. It is also known for its docile behavior, high-quality milk, and long lactation period. Alpine milk has a lower fat content than cow's milk but balances well in terms of protein and sugars. Despite their size, Alpine goats produce lots of milk, with optimal production occurring after four to six weeks of kidding.

Efficient dairy production in Alpine goats requires specific conditions, including adequate ventilation, dry beds, uncontaminated feeder and water supply, and minimal disturbance. Alpine milk must be filtered and chilled immediately for human consumption, with the ideal temperature being 4.4 °C (39.9 °F). Proper cooling is crucial to prevent bacterial growth, and refrigerated milk has a shelf life of about three to four weeks.

Alpine goats, along with Saanen and Toggenburg goats, are among the top milk producers. Their milk, with a fat content of 3.4%, is considered a healthy choice. Good nutrition, proper milking procedures, reproductive management, and disease control contribute to optimal milk production in Alpine goats.
Father of the House

**Father of the House** is a title that has been traditionally given unofficially to certain members of some legislatures, most notably the House of Commons in the United Kingdom.

In some legislatures the title is given to the longest continuously serving member, while in others it is given to the oldest member. Recently, the title **Mother of the House** or Mother of Parliament has also been used.

## References
Gregor Gysi

**Gregor Florian Gysi** (; born 16 January 1948) is a German attorney, former president of the Party of the European Left and a politician of The Left (*Die Linke*) political party.

## References
{{DEFAULTSORT:Gysi, Gregor}))
2020 United States presidential election in New Hampshire

The **2020 United States presidential election in New Hampshire** was held on Tuesday, November 3, 2020, as part of the 2020 United States presidential election. Former Vice President Joe Biden and his running mate U.S. SenatorKamala Harris had won 4 electoral votes in the Electoral College.

## References
2020 United States presidential election in the District of Columbia

The District of Columbia participated in the 2020 United States presidential election with the other 50 states on Tuesday, November 3, 2020. Former Vice President Joe Biden and his running mate U.S. SenatorKamala Harrishad won 3 electoral votes in the Electoral College.

## References
Baiju Noyan

, and remitting it to the Mongol general Baiju.]]
**Baiju Noyan** was a Mongol commander during the siege of Bagdad in 1258 AD.
Allamah Sayyid Badiuddin Shah Rashdi

**Sayyid Badiuddin Shah Rashdi** (Arabic : السيد بديع الدين شاه الراشدي (Urdu : سید بدیع الدین شاہ راشدی (Sindhi : سيد بديع الدين شاهه راشدي)  (Born: May 16, 1926 1344 AH - January 8, 1996 - 1416 AH) also known as **Sheikh Al-Arab wa-al-Ajam**, was the founder and first Ameer of Jamiat Ahle Hadith Sindh, and also served as the Ameer of Markazi Jamiat Ahle Hadith Pakistan in 1987, He taught in the Grand Mosque of Makkah and Madinah, Islamic scholar from Sindh, associated with the Ahl al-Hadith School of thought, authored 108 books in Arabic, Sindhi Urdu, known for his expertise in hadith, jurisprudence, and Quranic interpretation. 

## Early life and education 
Badi' ud-Din Shah al-Rashidi, born on May 16, 1926 (1344 AH - 1416 AH) in Gowth Fazalullah Shah Pir Jhando, Sindh, Pakistan, was the younger son of Sayyid Ihsanullah Shah Rashdi. He began his religious education at "Darul Rashad" Madirsah, where he memorized the Quran in three months. Guided by his father, he further studied Hadith, Tafsir, and Fiqh

His notable teachers were Sanaullah Amritsari, his elder brother Sheikh Muhibullah Shah Al-Rashidi, Abu Muhammad Abdul Haq bin Abdul Wahed bin Muhammad bin Hashim Al-Hashimi, Sheikh Muhammad Khalil bin Muhammad Salim Al-Khairbouri, Sheikh Amin Muhammad Al-Kashi, Sheikh Bahaa al-Din Khan Jalalabadi, Sheikh Muhammad Ismail Al-Bint Gharbi, Sheikh Muhammad Shafee Al-Mankio Al-Sakarandi, Sheikh Abdul Karim Al-Nawab Shahi, and Sheikh Abdullah Al-Kahdari. 

## Death 
Badi ud-Din Shah Rashdi died on January 8, 1996, in Karachi, and was buried in his ancestral village, Dargah Sharif Pir Jhando (Saeedabad).

## References
Philautus worcesteri

The **Mindanao bubble-nest frog** or **smooth-skinned tree frog** (*Philautus worcesteri*) is a type of frog.  It lives in the mountains in the Philippines.

This frog lives in trees in forests that are not too high up on mountains. The drier the air is, the less this frog sings. This frog hatches out of its egg as a small frog and never swims as a tadpole.

Scientists believe this frog is not in danger of dying out because it lives in such a large place, and because it is good at living in places that humans have changed, but they believe people cutting down its forests may harm it.

## References
Gorton and Denton (UK Parliament constituency)

**Gorton and Denton** is a constituency in Greater Manchester represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament. It was created for the 2024 general election. 

The current Member of Parliament (MP) is Hannah Spencer of the Green Party, who won a by-election on 26 February 2026 to replace Andrew Gwynne, who resigned for health reasons in early-2026.

.

## References
Group Nine Media

**Group Nine Media** was an American digital media company based in New York City. The company owned Thrillist, NowThis, The Dodo, Seeker, and more. In December 2021, Vox Media bought Group Nine Media.

## References
Julia Klöckner

**Julia Klöckner** (born 16 December 1972) is a German politician of the Christian Democratic Union (CDU) who served as Federal Minister of Food, Agriculture and Consumer Protection in the government of Chancellor Angela Merkel from 2018 to 2021.

## References
Effeminacy

When boys or men show traits or take roles that are associated with the image of being a girl or woman this is known as **effeminacy** also known as **femboys**. Throughout history, such men have been faced with prejudice and discrimination. Gay men are often seen as showing effeminacy. However, femininity, masculinity, and other forms of gender expression are independent of sexual orientation.

Other words for effeminacy include: *pansy*, *nelly*, *pretty boy*, *nancy boy*, *girly boy*, *molly*, *sissy*, *pussy*, *tomgirl*, femboy *rosetoy*, *baby*, and *girl* (when applied to a boy or, especially, adult man). The word *effete* similarly implies effeminacy or over-refinement, but comes from the Latin term *effetus* meaning 'having given birth; exhausted', from *ex-* and *fetus* 'offspring'. The term *tomgirl*, meaning a girlish boy, comes from an inversion of *tomboy*, meaning a boyish girl. The term *girly boy* comes from a gender-inversion of *girly girl*.

## References
Voiced palatal lateral nasal

The **voiced palatal lateral nasal** is a rough type of consonant sound. It is not in English.

## Features 
## Related pages 
* Voiced palatal lateral approximant
* Voiced palatal nasal
2023 attack on the Chem Pluto

On 23 December 2023, the Liberian-flagged, Japanese-owned and Dutch-operated chemical tanker *Chem Pluto* was attacked by a one-way drone launched by Unknown attacker. United States blamed it on Iran, but Iranian foreign ministry denied any involvement. At the time, it was carrying crude oil from Saudi Arabia to India. The attack caused a fire on board, and nobody was injured. The Indian Navy responded by sending a *Vikram* patrol vessel to the tanker.

## References
Ueno Zoo Monorail

**Ueno Zoo Monorail** was a monorail in Ueno Park in Tokyo. It opened in 1957, and it ran in the Ueno Zoo, from the East Park to the West Park. It was only 300 meters long and it had two stations. It took about one minute and thirty seconds to get from the East Park to the West Park. Some people thought that this was just a amusement ride, but it was a railway under the law, because it crossed over a public street. It stopped running on October 31, 2019 because the monorail became too old to run. Because this monorail was a special type (only here in the world), making a new monorail was difficult. It was officially closed on December 27, 2023. Instead of this monorail, new ride will open in 2026.

## Sources
Svenja Schulze

**Svenja Schulze** (born 29 September 1968) is a German politician of the Social Democratic Party (SPD). She is the Minister for Economic Cooperation and Development since 2021. Schulze has been serving as member of the German Bundestag since 2021, representing North Rhine-Westphalia.

## References
Mulgrave School

**Mulgrave School** is an independent school in West Vancouver, Canada. It has around 80 students in every grade and uses all IB programs.

## History 
In 1993, the parents of West Vancouver Montessori started a school for preschool and kindergarten in a small portable on the campus. The school was moved into the North Shore Winter Club in 1995.

## Notable people 
### Alumni 
* Justin Jin, entrepreneur and chief executive officer of Poybo Media
* Matthew Durrans, Canadian soccer player

### Faculty 
* Cassius Khan, Indian musician
* Simon Bruce-Lockhart, Canadian schoolmaster

## References
__INDEX__
Bleacher Report

**Bleacher Report** is an American media company that focuses on sports and sports culture. Its headquarters are in San Francisco, with offices in New York City and London. Bleacher Report was bought by Turner Broadcasting System in August 2012 for $175 million.

## History
Bleacher Report was formed in 2005 by David Finocchio, Alexander Freund, Bryan Goldberg, and Dave Nemetz. They wanted to start writing about sports.

## References
Wylie transliteration

**Wylie transliteration** is a way to write Tibetan script using English letters found on a standard typewriter. Turrell V. Wylie, an American scholar, created this system, and he introduced it in a 1959 article in the Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies. It has since become a widely used method in Tibetan studies, especially in the United States.

When creating a Romanization for the Tibetan language, there's a challenge: whether to accurately represent the sounds of spoken Tibetan or the spelling of written Tibetan. These can be quite different, similar to the difference between English and French orthography, which reflects the pronunciation from the Late Medieval period.

Earlier transcription systems tried to compromise between these two goals, but they didn't do either perfectly. Wylie transliteration aims to precisely transcribe Tibetan script as it is written, making it widely accepted in academic and historical studies. It's important to note that Wylie is not meant to reflect the pronunciation of Tibetan words.

## Consonants 
The Wylie method transliterates the Tibetan characters as follows:

## Vowels 
The four vowel marks in Wylie are transliterated as:

When a syllable doesn't have a written vowel, the letter 'a' is used to show the default vowel "a."

## References
Pali Canon

The **Pali Canon** is the main set of scriptures in the Theravada Buddhist tradition. It's in the Pali language and is one of the most complete early Buddhist collections. It comes mainly from the Tamrashatiya school of Buddhism.

After Gautama Buddha passed away, his students, Ananda recited the Sutta Pitaka, and Upali recited the Vinaya Pitaka, two of three parts of the Tripiktaka, during the First Buddhist Council. The teachings were then preserved orally. The Tipitaka, transmitted to Sri Lanka during King Ashoka's time, was first spoken and later written down on palm leaves during the Fourth Buddhist Council in 29 BC, about 454 years after Buddha's death.

The oral tradition continued alongside written scriptures for many centuries. Writing down the scriptures was a new tradition that faced opposition at first but was later accepted. The records of this event became an account of a "council" held under King Vattagamani.

## Parts of Canon 
The Pali Canon has three main parts, called pitaka, meaning "basket." So, it's traditionally known as the Tripiṭaka, meaning "three baskets." The three pitakas are:
* **Vinaya Piṭaka:** Deals with rules and discipline of the sangha (monastic community).
* **Sutta Piṭaka:** Contains discourses and sermons of Buddha, some religious poetry. It's the largest basket.
* **Abhidhamma Piṭaka:** Includes treatises that explain Buddhist doctrines, especially about the mind. Also called the "systematic philosophy" basket.
The Vinaya Pitaka and the Sutta Pitaka are similar to the works of early Buddhist schools. However, the Abhidhamma Pitaka is unique to Theravada and differs from the Abhidhamma works of other Buddhist schools.

## History 
In the past, the Pali Canon wasn't in books but written on thin wood slices or bamboo called palm-leaf manuscripts. These leaves were tied together, covered in cloth, and kept in a box.

Theravada tradition calls the Canon the Word of the Buddha (buddhavacana), even though it includes teachings by disciples. Buddhaghosa and later monks wrote commentaries summarizing the traditional interpretation of the Canon. These interpretations are found in Buddhaghosa's Visuddhimagga.

According to a spokesman for the Buddha Sasana Council of Burma, the Canon has everything to guide the path to nirvana. While commentaries may have speculative content, they generally stay true to the teachings. In Sri Lanka and Thailand, "official" Buddhism often follows the interpretations of Western scholars.

Although the Canon has been written for centuries, its oral nature is still important in Buddhism. People memorize and recite texts, like the Paritta, as a form of meditation. Even laypeople usually know a few texts by heart. Monks, like Vicittasara from Burma, sometimes memorize the entire Canon. The relation of the scriptures to Buddhism among monks and laypeople is complex, and not all parts of the Canon were widely used across different places. Some scholars suggest that Buddhist history is the exploration of the early scriptures' implications.

## Related pages 
* Theravada Buddhism
* Buddhism
* Gautama Buddha

## References
Wolfgang Schmidt

**Wolfgang Schmidt** (; born ) is a German politician and jurist. He has been the Federal Minister for Special Affairs, Head of the Chancellery and Commissioner for the Federal Intelligence Services since 2021

Schmidt has been a close ally and friend of German Chancellor Olaf Scholz.

## References
Wylie

**Wylie** is an English name meaning "well-watered meadow", and may also refer to:

## People
* Ron Wylie, Scottish football player, coach and manager.
* Elinor Wylie, American poet and novelist.
* Wylie Gibbs (born 1922), Australian politician
* Adam Wylie, American actor, voice actor, singer, Broadway musical performer and a former Crayola spokesman.

## Fictional characters
* Wile E. Coyote, a cartoon character whose name sounds similar to "Wily"
* Wylie Burp, a character from the film *An American Tail: Fievel Goes West*
* Wylie Endal, a character from *Keeper Of The Lost Cities*.

## Places
* Wylie, Texas, a city located primarily within Collin County

## Other
* Wylie transliteration for Tibetan script
Chūō-ku, Hamamatsu

is a ward in Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan. It is in south of the city. Hamamatsu Castle, Lake Hamana and Hamamatsu Station are here. There are many stores and companies here. This is the smallest ward in the city, but the most people live in. It is next to Hamana-ku, Kosai, Shizuoka, and Iwata, Shizuoka.

## History
*January 1, 2024 - Old wards of Naka-ku, Higashi-ku, Nishi-ku, Minami-ku, and Mikatagahara in Kita-ku become Chūō-ku.

## Sources
Hamana-ku

is a ward of Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan. It is in the middle of the city. It is next to Chūō-ku, Tenryū-ku, Iwata, Shizuoka, Kosai, Shizuoka, Shinshiro, Toyohashi.

## History
*January 1, 2024 - Old wards of Hamakita-ku and most of Kita-ku will become Hamana-ku.

## References
2013–14 FC Red Bull Salzburg season

The **2013-14 Red Bull Salzburg season** was the 81st season in club history. Red Bull Salzburg finished the season as champions of the Bundesliga and the ÖFB-Cup. In Europe, Salzburg where knocked out of the Champions League by Fenerbahçe in the Third Qualifying Round, dropping into the Europa League. They reached the Round of 16 before defeat to Basel. 
## Squad
## Matches
## Table
## Austrian Cup
## Champions League qualification
## Europa League qualification
## Europa League, Group C
## Round of 32
## Round of 16
## Friendly matches
## Topscorer
## References
Ahl-i Hadith

**Ahl al-Hadith** (Arabic: أَهْلُ الْحَدِيثِ, 'The People of Hadith') is a school of Sunni Islam that emerged during the 2nd and 3rd centuries of the Islamic era (late 8th and 9th century CE) as a movement of hadith scholars who considered the Qur'an and hadith to be the only authority in matters of law and creed. Followers of Ahl al-Hadith are known as Hadithists.

Early Hadithists were mainly concerned with the narrations and traditions related to the responsibilities of the ruler. Under the Abbasid caliph Al-Ma'mun (r. 813-833 CE) and his two successors, supporters of hadith were persecuted. 

The term Ahl al-Hadith is sometimes used in a more general sense to denote a particularly enthusiastic commitment to hadith and to the reported views and way of life of the Muhammad's contemporaries and the early generations of believers.

## See also 
* Hadith rejectors
* Kalam
* Islamic theology

## References
FC Riltsi Dobrich

**FC Riltsi Dobrich** () is a Bulgarian football club based in Dobrich. It competes in the Third League, the third division of the Bulgarian football league system. Its home stadium is the Druzhba Stadium. It was founded on 9 September 1961. It started competing in the Third League in 2020. 

## References
Lee Sun-kyun

**Lee Sun-kyun** (; March 2, 1975 – December 27, 2023) was a South Korean actor. He played Park Dong-ik in Bong Joon-ho's Academy Award-winning movie *Parasite* (2019). He won a Screen Actors Guild Award for his acting in that movie. Lee was born in Seoul, South Korea.

In 2009, Lee married actress Jeon Hye-jin. They had two children. 

In October 2023, it was revealed that Lee was being investigated for drug use. At the end of the month he was charged for drug use.

Lee was found dead on December 27, 2023 at the age of 48 inside his car near a park in central Seoul. In the passenger seat was a charcoal briquette, commonly used in suicides by carbon monoxide poisoning in South Korea.

## References
Deepfake

being arrested.]]**Deepfake** is the name for media content that has been changed, or created using technologies of artificial intelligence. In most cases, deepfakes are photos,  or sequences of videos or audio. In itself, media manipulation is not new. Using machine learning, and artificial neural networks, it is possible to create such content more easily, as less specialized knowledge is required. Also, detecting that an image, video  or media piece was made using these technologies is becoming more difficult. 

As of 2023, deepfakes are used in different contexts:

* Creating material showing cases of sexual abuse of children or child pornography. Such material can have a direct impact on children, including defamation, grooming, extortion, and bullying.

* Creating material showing celebrities doing porn
* Creating revenge porn.
* Fake news
* Material for bullying or blackmailing. A report by the American Congressional Research Service warned that deepfakes could be used to blackmail elected officials or those with access to classified information for espionage or influence purposes.
* Financial fraud

## Problems 
Deepfakes cause a number of problems:

* Audio deepfakes are used for social engineering. The people then believe they get instructions from someone they trust. In 2019, a U.K.-based energy firm's CEO was scammed over the phone when he was ordered to transfer €220,000 into a Hungarian bank account by an individual who used audio deepfake technology to impersonate the voice of the firm's parent company's chief executive. 
* Fake photos and videos make it difficult to tell if a photo or video is real or a fake. This can be used for disinformation.

## Shallowfakes 
Shallowfakes or cheapfakes are similar to deepfakes. They use the same techonlogies, but are less advanced. As an example, they might show a real image, in a different context, so that a different impression is generated.  
## References
Issyk-Kul

**Issyk-Kul** (also **Ysyk-Köl**,  is an endorheic saline lake in the western Tianshan Mountains in eastern Kyrgyzstan. It is just south of a dividing range separating Kyrgyzstan from Kazakhstan. It is the seventh-deepest lake in the world, the tenth-biggest lake in the world by volume (though not in surface area) and the third-biggest saline lake. Issyk-Kul means "warm lake" in the Kyrgyz language. This is because even though the area it is in gets very cold during winter, the salinity of the lake makes it rarely freeze.

The lake is a Ramsar site of globally significant biodiversity. It is also part of the Issyk-Kul Biosphere Reserve.

## References
Untersberg-Arena

The **Untersberg Arena** is a football stadium in the Austrian town of Grödig in Salzburg. It is the home ground of SV Grödig.
## History
The facility was completed in 1989 under the name *Sportanlage Grödig*. With SV Grödig's  promotion to the first league in the 2007/08 season, an adaptation became necessary. After the renovation work in 2008, the covered main stand had 310 seated places and also has 1,890 standing places. During the 2010/11 winter break, another stand for 755 spectators was built on the east side of the arena. 

After promotion to the Bundesliga, the arena was expanded in the summer of 2013. It offers space for 4,128 spectators. In addition to the main playing field, the stadium has a training field suitable for competitions and an artificial turf field. There are 1,100 car parking spaces and 13 bus parking spaces available at the stadium.

On February 18, 2015, the Bundesliga's licensing committee withdrew approval for games in the top division for the future because the pitch was unplayable. A new pitch made of natural grass with associated pitch heating was installed. Senate 3 of the Austrian Football Bundesliga examined the newly laid grass area in the stadium on March 9, 2015. The club was able to immediately return to its home ground.

In the 2018/19 and 2019/20 seasons, FC Liefering played as a tenant in the stadium, and the UEFA Youth League home games of FC Red Bull Salzburg (FC Liverpool, SSC Napoli, KRC Genk and Derby County) also took place in the Untersbergarena.
Al-Falah School massacre

The **Al-Falah School massacre** is a massacre committed by the Israeli Defense Forces when it raided Al-Falah School, which is associated with UNRWA. It houses thousands of displaced people in the Al-Zaytoun neighborhood area in the Gaza Strip during the 2023 Israel–Hamas war.

At least 20 people were killed in the attack, while more than 100 others were injured.
## References
Media manipulation

manipulation can be found in news programs that can  reach mass audiences. Pictured is the infamous *Dziennik*  (Journal) news cast, which attempted to slander capitalism in then-communist Poland using emotive and loaded language.]] 
", a TV commercial for the re-election of U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson. It was shown once, in September 1964. It is considered both one of the most controversial and one of the most effective political ads in U.S. history.]]
**Media manipulation** is about using the media to favor one's own interests, agenda or bias such as for political reasons. For this, logial fallacies, deception, disinformation and propaganda may be used. Very often, other views of the argument are left out.

In ''Propaganda: The Formation of Men's Attitudes'', Jacques Ellul writes that public opinion can only express itself through channels which are provided by the mass media of communication – without which there could be no propaganda.
It is used within public relations, propaganda, marketing, etc. While the objective for each context is quite different, the broad techniques are often similar.
The more modern mass media manipulation methods are types of distraction, on the assumption that the public has a limited attention span.

## Related pages 
* Internet censorship

## References
American Pygmy

The **American Pygmy,** also known as the **Pygmy** or **African Pygmy** is breed of dwarf goat. It is small, compact and commonly kept as a pet. It comes from the West African Dwarf breeds of West Africa. Around 1930 and 1960, animals in the West African Dwarf group were taken to the United States for use as zoo animals, or for research. Some were bred to be pets and were officially made a breed in 1975.  

## Gallery
Philautus pallidipes

The **Pangerango bubble-nest frog** or **palefooted tree frog** (*Philautus pallidipes*) is a frog.  It lives in Indonesia. People have only seen it higher than 1000 meters above sea level.

## References
The Seven Spiritual Laws of Success

***The Seven Spiritual Laws of Success – A Practical Guide to the Fulfillment of Your Dreams*** is a small self-help book from 1994 by Deepak Chopra. It was first published by New World Library. The book is inspired by Hinduist and spiritual ideas. It suggests that personal success doesn't just come from hard work, plans, or ambition. Instead, it comes from understanding our basic human nature and following the laws of nature.

According to the book, by applying these laws in our lives, we can create whatever we want. It says that the same laws nature uses to create things like forests, stars, and human bodies can also help us achieve our deepest desires.

## Summary
1. **The Law of Pure Potentiality**: Spend some time simply being and remaining silent.  Twice a day, spend thirty minutes in meditation.  Observe in silence how intelligent all living things are.  Be nonjudgmental. Mantra - Om Bhavam Namah

2. **The Law of Giving**: Praise, bring a present, or a flower to everyone you meet today. Accept gifts with gratitude. Giving and receiving care, affection, gratitude, and love will keep wealth flowing. Mantra - Om Vardhanam Namah

3. **The Law of Karma**: A force of energy is created by every activity and it is returned to us in a similar manner. Making decisions that make other people happy and successful guarantees that you will experience the same. Mantra - Om Kriyam Namah

4. **The Law of Least Effort**: Accept people, circumstances, and happenings as they come.  Accept accountability for your circumstances and any incidents that you perceive as issues.  Give up trying to prove your position. Mantra - Om Daksham Namah

5. **The Law of Intention and Desire**: The mechanics for achieving any goal or desire are inherent. List your desires. Have faith that there is a reason why things don't seem to be going your way. Mantra - Om Ritam Namah

6. **The Law of Detachment**: Give others as well as yourself the freedom to be themselves.  Let solutions come to you on their own; don't push them. In order to achieve freedom, you must embrace uncertainty. Mantra - Om Anandham Namah

7. **The Law of Dharma**: We have taken manifestation in physical form to fulfill a purpose. Mantra - Om Varunam Namah

## References
Winter Is Coming (2023)

**Winter Is Coming (2023)** was a multi-night professional wrestling show made by All Elite Wrestling (AEW). It took place on December 13 and 16, 2023 at the College Park Center in Arlington, Texas and the Curtis Culwell Center in Garland, Texas. The event aired as special episodes of *Dynamite*, *Rampage*, and *Collision* respectively. It was the fourth Winter Is Coming event held by AEW.

Night 1's main event saw Jon Moxley defeat Swerve Strickland in a Gold League match of the AEW Continental Classic tournament. Night 2's main event saw Top Flight (Dante Martin and Darius Martin) and Action Andretti defeat Komander, El Hijo del Vikingo, and Penta El Zero Miedo in a six-man tag team match. Night 3's main event saw Bryan Danielson defeat Brody King in a Blue League match of the AEW Continental Classic tournament.

## Matches
### *Dynamite* (aired live December 13) 
### *Rampage* (aired December 15)
### *Collision* (aired live December 16) 
## References
A Harvest of Death

**A Harvest of Death** is the title of a photograph by Timothy H, O'Sullivan. Taken during the American Civil War, between July 4 and 7, 1863. It shows the bodies of soldiers killed at the Battle of Gettysburg, stretched out over part of the battlefield.

## References
Gothic Romance (novel)

***Gothic Romance*** () is a 1984 novel by the French writer Emmanuel Carrère. It is about the writing of the novel *Frankenstein* and focuses on John William Polidori, Lord Byron's personal physician, who is embittered and claims that Mary Shelley stole his ideas. It was Carrère's second novel.

## References
Santo Cristo (footballer)

**Walter Goulart da Silveira** (12 September 1922 – 30 August 2003), better known as **Santo Cristo**, was a Brazilian professional footballer who played as a right winger.

## References
Sudanese Armed Forces

The **Sudanese Armed Forces** (**SAF**; Arabic: القوات المسلحة السودانية, romanized: *Al-Quwwat al-Musallaha as-Sudaniyah*) are the military forces of the Republic of the Sudan. It was established in 1925, and units of the forces participated in World War II. It has a combat doctrine based on defending the homeland, preserving its sovereignty and national unity, and a strict military discipline system. It carries out civilian tasks, namely providing aid during natural disasters and maintaining security in the event of turbulent security situations. The minimum age for military service is 18 years. It has fought battles for more than 50 years in the First and Second Sudanese civil war in South Sudan from August 1955 until 2005, which ended with the signing of the Naivasha Peace Agreement.
## References
1979 Offaly Senior Hurling Championship

The **1979 Offaly Senior Hurling Championship** was the 82nd staging of the Offaly Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Offaly County Board in 1896.

Kinnitty entered the championship as the defending champions.

## References
CS Progresul Șomcuta Mare

**CS Progresul Șomcuta Mare** is a Romanian football club based in Șomcuta Mare, Maramureș County which plays in Liga IV.

## History 
Progresul Șomcuta Mare played mostly in the Fourth tier and played 5 seasons in Liga III and won promotion in 2020 against Sportul Șimleu Silvaniei.

In 2022 the club relegated back in the fourth league finishing 9th place.
Lucifer (DC Comics)

**Lucifer Samael Morningstar** is a fictional character from the DC Comics universe, created by Neil Gaiman for his comic book The Sandman and is also in a spin-off comic book called Lucifer. He's based on Satan in The Bible. 

## Lucifer in other media 
Lucifer Morningstar is played by Tom Ellis in the television show *Lucifer*.
Their name liveth for evermore

**Their name liveth for evermore** is a phrase from the King James Bible. It is the second half of chapter 44, verse 14 of Ecclesiasticus. It has been written on many war memorials since World War I.

The full quote is "Their bodies are buried in peace; but their name liveth for evermore." Rudyard Kipling asked for the entire verse 14 to be written on the war memorials. Kipling also suggested the phrase "Known unto God" for gravestones marking the resting place of unidentified soldiers.

## References
Suds in the Bucket

"**Suds in the Bucket**" is a 2004 song by Sara Evans and is the third single from her fourth studio album *Restless*. It went to number 1 on the Billboard Hot Country Songs charts and number 33 in the United States and was written by Billy Montana.

## Music video
The video was directed by Peter Zavadil. It premiered on CMT on May 6, 2004.

The video debuted at number 20 on CMT's *Top 20 Countdown* for the week of June 5, 2004.

The video reached the top of CMT's *Top Twenty Countdown* for the week of September 9, 2004.

## References
Zhongli

**Zhongli** may refer to:

*Zhongli District (), Taoyuan, Taiwan
*Zhongli (*Genshin Impact*) (), a playable character in *Genshin Impact*
List of countries in the Americas by area

This is a list of all the countries and dependencies in the Americas by area. The region includes North America, Greenland, Central America the Caribbean and South America. Canada is the largest country in the Americas with 9,98 million km². In second place, United States with 9,83 million km². Brazil with 8,51 million km² and Argentina with 2,78 million km² finish up the top 4 largest countries. Greenland is a part of the Kingdom of Denmark. Parts of primarily non American countries partly lying in the North American Plate such as Siberia, Iceland and the Azores are not commonly associated with the Americas, and therefore excluded from the list

## Notes
Welsh Conservatives

The **Welsh Conservatives** () is the regional branch of the Conservative Party, the United Kingdom's main centre-right political party, in Wales. It currently forms opposition in the Senedd and has the second-highest number of Welsh seats in the House of Commons (after the Labour Party, which also forms government in Wales).

## References
Rebecca Mehra

**Rebecca Mehra** (born 25 October 1994) is an American middle-distance runner. Running for Stanford University,

Mehra is from Palos Verdes Estates, California and attended Palos Verdes High School. Despite being affected by athletic asthma and a stress fracture on her foot, Mehra was one of the few athletes in California state history to achieve eight California Interscholastic Federation (CIF) state meet appearances

From 2012 to 2017, Mehra was a member of the Stanford Cardinal track and field team.

## References
Ynys Môn (Senedd constituency)

**Ynys Môn**, formerly called **Anglesey** in English, is a Senedd constituency in the electoral region of North Wales.

## Election results
## References
Pokémon: Let's Go, Pikachu! and Let's Go, Eevee!

'''''Pokémon: Let's Go, Pikachu!*** and ***Pokémon: Let's Go, Eevee!'''* are 2018 remakes of the 1998 Game Boy role-playing video game *Pokémon Yellow*. They were developed by Game Freak and published by The Pokémon Company and Nintendo for the Nintendo Switch. They were first announced in May 2018. *Let's Go, Pikachu!* and *Let's Go, Eevee!* came out for the Nintendo Switch on 16 November 2018. The games are part of the seventh generation of the *Pokémon* video game series and are the first main series entries to be released for a home game console. They can connect with the mobile game *Pokémon Go* and support an optional controller, the Poké Ball Plus.

*Pokémon: Let's Go, Pikachu!* and *Let's Go, Eevee!'' received "generally favorable reviews" from critics, according to review collector Metacritic. Critics liked the gameplay, nostalgia, accessibility to new players, and charm of the games, while disliking its motion controls.

## References
Let Me Entertain You (Robbie Williams song)

"**Let Me Entertain You**" is a 1998 song by Robbie Williams. It is the fifth and final single from his debut solo studio album *Life Thru a Lens* (1997). It went to number 3 in the United Kingdom, number 13 in Ireland, number 16 in Iceland, number 17 in Belgium, number 33 in New Zealand, number 42 in the Netherlands and number 46 in Australia. The music video features the Robbie Williams Band who are clothed as members of the band Kiss. It was directed by Vaughan Arnell.

## Formats and track listings 
These are the formats and track listings of major single releases of "Let Me Entertain You".

* **UK CD1**
(Released 16 March 1998)
# "Let Me Entertain You" – 4:24
# "The Full Monty Medley" featuring Tom Jones – 5:28
# "I Wouldn't Normally Do This Kind of Thing" – 3:07
# "I Am the Res-Erection" – 3:48

* **UK CD2**
(Released 16 March 1998)
# "Let Me Entertain You" (full-length version) – 5:19
# "Let Me Entertain You" (Stretch 'N' Vern's Rock 'N' Roll Mix) – 11:10
# "Let Me Entertain You" (Amethyst's Dub) – 7:47
# "Let Me Entertain You" (Robbie Loves His Mother Mix) – 7:49
# "Let Me Entertain You" (The Bizzarro Mix) – 5:50

* **Australian CD**
(Released 18 March 1998)
# "Let Me Entertain You" (LP version) – 4:22
# "The Full Monty Medley" featuring Tom Jones – 5:28
# "I Wouldn't Normally Do This Kind of Thing" – 3:08
# "Back for Good" (live version) – 3:49
# "Let Me Entertain You" (Amethyst's Dub) – 7:47

## References