open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Batman: Arkham Origins

***Batman: Arkham Origins*** is an action-adventure video game made by Warner Bros. Games Montréal. It can be played on Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 3, Wii U, and Xbox 360. The game is based on the DC Comics superhero Batman and is the third in the *Batman: Arkham* series. It was released worldwide by Warner Bros. Interactive Entertainment on October 25, 2013.

Unlike previous *Arkham* games, *Arkham Origins* is not made by Rocksteady Studios. It is also written by Dooma Wendschuh and Corey May. The main story takes place five years before the events of 2009's *Batman: Arkham Asylum*. The game shows a younger and not entirely formed Batman who has a bounty placed on his head by crime lord Black Mask. This attracts eight of world's greatest assassins to Gotham City on Christmas Eve. While having to deal with the dirty members of the police department, other villains also attract Batman's attention. Like previous *Arkham* games, *Arkham Origins* is played from the third-person view. The game greatly focuses on Batman's combat and stealth abilities, detective skills, and use of gadgets. *Arkham Origins* is the first game in the series to have a multiplayer mode.

The game mainly got positive reviews. But people criticised it for copying things from previous *Arkham* games without improving them, or pointlessly changing it. A tie-in game titled *Batman: Arkham Origins Blackgate* was released along with *Arkham Origins*. *Origins Blackgate* is available for Nintendo 3DS and PlayStation Vita. A mobile version of *Arkham Origins* was created for iOS and Android systems. The mobile version was made available for download in October 2013.

## Notes
#  In some European countries, the retail Microsoft Windows and Wii U versions will release on November 8, 2013.

## References
## Other websites
*Official website
Division of Dobell

The **Division of Dobell** is an Australian electoral Division in New South Wales.  It was set up in 1984 and is named for the Australian painter, Sir William Dobell. It is on the Central Coast and includes Bateau Bay, Berkeley Vale, Blue Haven, The Entrance, Gorokan, Jilliby, Ourimbah, Toukley, Tuggerah, Tumbi Umbi, Wamberal, Wyoming. He resigned form the ALP and sat as an independent. He contested the 2013 election as an independent but only got 4% of the votes.

## Election results
## References
## Other websites
* Division of Dobell – Australian Electoral Commission
Hal Needham

**Hal Brett Needham** (March 6, 1931 &ndash; October 25, 2013) was an American stuntman, movie director, actor, and writer. He is known for directing the 1971 comedy movie *Smokey and the Bandit* and *The Cannonball Run*. Needham received the Taurus World Stunt Awards Lifetime Achievement Award. 

Needham was born on March 6, 1931 in Memphis, Tennessee. He was raised in Little Rock, Arkansas and in St. Louis, Missouri. 

Needham was married to Dani Crayne from 1981 until they divorced in 1996. Then he was married to Ellyn Wynne Williams from 1996 until his death in 2013. Needham died on October 25, 2013 from cancer in Los Angeles, California, aged 82.

## References
## Other websites
*
*Hollywood 'Stuntman!' Reveals Tricks Of Trade - NPR Interview
*Interview with Hal Needham from January 2007
Juan Carlos Calabró

**Juan Carlos Calabró** (3 February 1934 – 5 November 2013) was an Argentine actor and comedian. He was known for his work *Johnny Tolengo, el majestuoso*.

Calabró was born on 3 February 1934 in Buenos Aires, Argentina. Calabró died on 5 November 2013 in Buenos Aires, Argentina from kidney disease, aged 79.

## References
## Other websites
* 
* Cine Nacional.com
Mr. Morgan's Last Love

'''''Mr. Morgan's Last Love''''' is an 2013 comedy-drama movie based on Francoise Dorner's French novel *La Douceur Assassine*. It is written and directed by Sandra Nettelbeck. It stars Michael Caine and Clémence Poésy. It was released to negative reviews on November 1, 2013.
Judgment Day (2008)

**Judgment Day (2008)** was a professional wrestling pay-per-view show made by World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE). It took place on May 18, 2008 at the Qwest Center in Omaha, Nebraska. It was the tenth Judgment Day event held WWE.

## Matches
## References
## Other websites
*Official Judgment Day 2008 website
Nick Cardy

**Nicholas Viscardi** (October 20, 1920 &ndash; November 3, 2013), known professionally as **Nick Cardy** or **Nick Cardi**, was American comic book artist. He is best known for his DC Comics work on Aquaman, the Teen Titans and other major characters. Cardy was inducted into the Will Eisner Comic Book Hall of Fame in 2005.

Cardy was born on October 20, 1920 in New York City, New York. He studied at the Art Students League of New York, studying life drawing. Cardy was married to Ruth Houghby from 1947 until they divorced in 1969. They had one son. Cardy died on November 3, 2013 from heart failure at his Miami, Florida home, aged 93.

## References
## Other websites
*The Official Nick Cardy Website.  from the original on September 9, 2010.
*
*World Talk Radio: Audio interview with Nick Cardy 
*Evanier, Mark. Transcript excerpt, 1998 Comic-Con International Nick Cardy panel, part 1, POV Online, column of March 2, 2001. .
*Panel above, part 2. .
*Where Monsters Dwell interview (mp3 audio)
Graham Stark

**Graham William Stark** (20 January 1922 – 29 October 2013) was an English comedian, actor, writer and director. He was known for his roles in *Alfie* and in *Superman III*. 

Stark was born on 20 January 1922 in Wallasey, Cheshire, England. He studied at Wallasey Grammar School. Stark began acting when he was 13 years old. 

Stark was also an accomplished stills photographer. Stark died in London on 29 October 2013 after suffering a stroke. He was 91.

## References
## Other websites
*
Hans von Borsody

**Hans von Borsody** (20 September 1929 – 4 November 2013) was a German-Austrian actor. 

He was born in Vienna as a member of an artists family. His father Eduard von Borsody was a movie director, his uncle Julius von Borsody a set designer. His daughter Suzanne von Borsody is also an actress.

von Borsody died on 4 November 2013 in Berlin, Germany from lung cancer, aged 84.

## Some movies
## References
## Other websites
*
Division of Farrer

The **Division of Farrer** is an Australian Electoral Division in New South Wales. It was set up in 1949 and is named for William Farrer, an agricultural scientist. It is in the southern rural area of the state and includes Albury, Balranald, Broken Hill, Deniliquin and Jerilderie.

## Members
It was held by three Cabinet ministers in succession, David Fairbairn, Wal Fife and Deputy Prime Minister Tim Fischer.

## Election results
## References
## Other websites
* Division of Farrer – Australian Electoral Commission
Jorge Ramos

**Jorge Ramos Ávalos** (born March 16, 1958) is a Mexican journalist for Univision. He is the anchor for *Noticiero Univision* and host of the Sunday morning news talk show Al Punto. Also, on Fusion TV, he hosts *America with Jorge Ramos*, which debuted on October 29, 2013.

Ramos was born on March 16, 1958 in Mexico City, Mexico. He studied at Universidad Iberoamericana. Ramos has won eight Emmy Awards throughout his career for journalism.

## References
## Other websites
*
*Interview with the Harvard Journal of Hispanic Policy
*C-SPAN *Q&A* interview with Ramos, July 11, 2010
*"A View from Latin America" Interview by Hirsh Sawhney, *The Brooklyn Rail* (Summer 2004)
Judgment Day (2007)

**Judgment Day (2007)** was a professional wrestling pay-per-view show made by World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE). It took place on May 20, 2007 at the Scottrade Center in St. Louis, Missouri. It was the ninth Judgment Day event held by WWE.

## Matches
## References
## Other websites
*Official Judgment Day 2007 website
Enhanced geothermal system

An **enhanced geothermal system** (EGS) is a geothermal energy system that can make electrical energy when natural underground water is not there. 

For a long time, geothermal energy could only be produced where there were hot rocks, underground water, and cracks in rocks all together in one area. These areas may need underground water or a network of fractures in their rocks or both. 

Heat can now be got outside normal geothermal areas like active plate boundaries. It can be got in less active areas like the western United States.

The heat is got by artificially pushing water down into hotter rocks. This can create new fractures through the rock in addition to expanding the existing fractures. That is why the new technique is called "fracking".

## References
Maltby Academy

Maltby Academy is a secondary school for students aged 11 to 19. It is in Maltby, a town in South Yorkshire, England. The school is part of the Maltby Learning Trust.

## History 
Maltby Academy began as Maltby Grammar School, which was built in the early 1930s. Another school in the town, the Maltby Hall Secondary Modern School, also existed at the time. In 1967, the grammar school and the secondary modern school joined together to form a comprehensive school, meaning students of all abilities were taught in the same place.

The school became an academy in January 2010.

## School today 
Maltby Academy has around 1,121 pupils. It is a co-educational school, meaning it teaches both boys and girls. The academy also has a sixth form, allowing students aged 16 to 19 to continue their studies. The school has been rated Good in several areas by inspectors.

## Buildings and redevelopment 
The original grammar school building is a historic structure with a well-known clock tower. In recent years, the Maltby Learning Trust began a large redevelopment project to restore and improve this old building.

The redevelopment is worth several million pounds and is partly funded by the Government’s Levelling Up Fund. The restored building has three floors, including workspaces, seminar rooms, classrooms, and a coffee shop. It also contains areas for apprenticeships and training.

The building is also used by the school’s sixth form, giving older students new study spaces. As part of the redevelopment, the clock tower was repaired and the clock was restored to working order. The renovated building was completed and reopened in 2024.

## Community and business use 
The renovated grammar school building is now a community and business hub. It offers hot-desking, seminar rooms, and workspaces for small businesses and community groups. The building includes a public coffee shop and supports apprenticeship and training programmes, especially in areas such as leisure and hospitality.

## Governance 
Maltby Academy is part of the Maltby Learning Trust, which runs several schools in the local area. The Trust focuses on improving education, training, and community development.

## Importance to the town 
Maltby Academy is one of the main secondary schools in the area. It serves young people from Maltby and nearby villages. The redevelopment of the former grammar school building helps preserve an important local landmark and provides new opportunities for education, employment, and community activities.
The Latymer School

**The Latymer School** is a grammar school in Edmonton, London, England. It was started in 1624 by merchant Edward Latymer. In their 2008 report Ofsted graded the school as 'outstanding'. Bruce Forsyth was a student. The school is selective and co-educational.

About 186 pupils are admitted to Year 7 (aged 11 or 12) annually. Places are awarded by a competitive examination. 20 places are reserved for pupils with exceptional musical talent. The examinations taken by prospective pupils cover non-verbal reasoning, verbal reasoning and numeracy.

Around 60-70 pupils join the sixth form in Year 12 (aged 16 or 17) per year, mixing with Latymer pupils who have made the transition from Year 11. External applicants to the sixth form sit entrance examinations and generally require 6 A grades at GCSE (or equivalent) level.

## References
Boeing T-43

The **Boeing T-43** is a military variant of the twin-turbojet airliner Boeing 737-200. It was used between 1973 and 2010 as a training aircraft by the US Air Force. It was the biggest training aircraft in the United States.

It was used by Air Education and Training Command's 12th Flying Training Wing. Some were built as **CT-43** for passenger transport duties.

## Bibliography 
* 
*
Haberdashers' Aske's School for Girls

'''Haberdashers' Aske's School for Girls''' is a private school for girls in Elstree, Hertfordshire. It was started in 1875 by the Worshipful Company of Haberdashers. In 2013 100% of GCSEs were A*-C and 69.8% were A*.

## References
Elstree

**Elstree** is a village in Hertfordshire, England. The television show *EastEnders* is made there at Elstree Studios.
Emmerdale

***Emmerdale*** is a British soap opera. It is set in a made-up village called Emmerdale, called Beckindale until 1994, in the Yorkshire Dales. The plot is focused on things that happen in and around The Woolpack, the main village pub. It is on ITV every weekday at 7.30pm. It was called ***Emmerdale Farm*** until 1989. The show first started in 1972 and was created by Kevin Laffan, making it Britain's second oldest soap opera after *Coronation Street*. It is one of the most popular television programmes in Britain. *Emmerdale* has won many awards including one BAFTA. King Charles III did a statement marking on the 50th anniversary of *Emmerdale*.

## Characters
## Other websites 
*
Rockwell B-1 Lancer

The **Rockwell B-1 Lancer** is a strategic bomber in the service with the US Air Force. It is a four-turbojet aircraft that uses a variable-sweep wing. It can carry guided bombs or classic bombs. It used to be able to carry nuclear weapons, however due to treaties between the US and Soviet Union, this is no longer. It is only used by the USA.

Originally designed in the 1970s to replace the older Boeing B-52 Stratofortress as the B-1A. Program was cancelled in 1977. When Ronald Reagan was elected in the United States, the program was reconsidered and the B-1B was developed, an improved variant. The new B-1B entered service on 1 October 1986.

Because of **Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty I** or **START I,** a treaty between the United States and the Soviet Union, the U.S. Air Force got rid of the B-1's nuclear mission. This was done by removing the ways it used to be able to carry nuclear weapons and limiting its bomb load. The treaty didn't allow the U.S. Air Force to use nuclear weapons on the B-1.

## Variants 
* **Rockwell B-1A** : Four examples, only used as prototype and test planes.
* **Rockwell B-1B** : One hundred examples, used as bombers.

## Similar aircraft 
* **Tupolev Tu-160**

## References
## Bibliography 
* 
*
Fiat G.50

The **Fiat G.50** was an Italian fighter aircraft. It was used for World War II. It was a single-engine aircraft with a single seat. It carried were two 0.50 machine-guns as weapons. Countries that operated this aircraft were Croatia, Finland, Italy, Nazi Germany, Spain, and Yugoslavia.
Mers-les-Bains

**Mers-les-Bains** is a commune of Somme near Eu and Le Tréport. By the river *Bresles*, it marks the border with Upper Normandy. This commune is famous for its beach and its casino.
Division of Fowler

The **Division of Fowler** is an Australian Electoral Division in New South Wales. It was set up in 1984 and named after Lilian Fowler, the first woman mayor in Australia. It includes the suburbs of Ashcroft, Austral, Bonnyrigg, Bonnyrigg Heights, Busby, Cabramatta, Cabramatta West, Canley Heights, Canley Vale, Cartwright, Cecil Hills, Cecil Park, Edensor Park, Green Valley, Greenfield Park, Heckenberg, Hinchinbrook, Lansvale, Liverpool, Middleton Grange, Miller, Mount Pritchard, Prairiewood, Sadleir, St Johns Park, Wakeley and West Hoxton.

## Members
Chris Hayes had previously been the member for Werriwa.

## Election results
## Notes
## References
## Other websites
* Division of Fowler – Australian Electoral Commission
* Chris Hayes' website
History of modern Mongolia

**Mongolia** became independent on December 29, 1911 from the Qing Dynasty.

## Mongolian People's Republic 
In 1924, the constitutional monarchy was no longer used when the king died. The Mongolian People's Republic was formed. The name of the capital city was changed from Küriye to Ulan Bator. It was ruled by the Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party and had very close relationship with the Soviet Union. The country was socialist.

The Republic of China had Sino-Soviet Treaty of Friendship and Alliance with the USSR. However, the Soviet Union was later criticised for helping the People's Republic of China in the Chinese Civil War. In United Nations General Assembly Resolution 505, the Republic of China claimed that they would not give up Mongolia as a part of China.

## Mongolia 
In February 1992, Mongolia gave up socialism. The name of the country was shortened to "Mongolia".

## References
King Solomon High School

**King Solomon High School** is a secondary school in Barkingside, England. In their 2010 report Osted described the school as 'caring'.

## References
Bridgewater High School

**Bridgewater High School** is a secondary school in Warrington, Cheshire, England. It started in 1987. It was rated 'outstanding' by Ofsted. It has a sixth form called Appleton College.
Eriophorum

***Eriophorum*** (also called **cotton grass**) is a genus of about 25 species of flowering plants. It is in the family Cyperaceae. They grow in temperate regions in the Northern Hemisphere. They are especially abundant in Arctic tundra regions.

## References
Sevenoaks School

**Sevenoaks School** is an English co-educational public school in Kent. It is a member of the G20 Schools Group. It is the second oldest non-denominational school in the United Kingdom, dating back to 1432, behind Oswestry (1407). Over 1,000 day pupils and boarders attend, ranging in age from 11 to 18 years. There are approximately equal numbers of boys and girls. 

It was the first school in England to switch to the International Baccalaureate instead of the usual A-Level exams.
Division of Gilmore

The **Division of Gilmore** is an Australian Electoral Division in New South Wales. It was set up in 1984 and is named for Dame Mary Gilmore, the poet and author. It includes the Budawang and Morton National Parks.  The division includes Berry, Bomaderry, Culburra Beach, Gerringong, Kangaroo Valley, Kiama, Milton, Minnamurra, Nowra, Shellharbour, Shell Cove, Sussex Inlet, Ulladulla and Warilla.

## Members
## Election results
## References
## Other websites
* Division of Gilmore – Australian Electoral Commission
King Ecgbert School

**King Ecgbert School** is a secondary school in Sheffield, England. Ofsted rated it as 'good'.

## References
Hotchkiss School

**Hotchkiss School** is a prep boarding school in the state of Connecticut in the United States. It is a member of the G20 Schools Group and Round Square. For boarders it costs $49,940 including technology and health services fees. It started in 1891.

## References
Topographic map

A **topographic map** is a kind of map which uses contour lines or other ways to show elevation and topography. These maps are often very detailed, with a scale. 

Topographical maps may be used for many purposes. They show relief features, rivers, land use, vegetation, settlements, roads, railway lines and administrative units and boundaries. These maps are revised periodically to update them. Town guide maps are based on them.

## Conventional signs and symbols 
Features seen on the ground are shown with the help of symbols on the topographic maps. These are only symbols of Earth's features and are not drawn according to any specific scale. These conventional signs help in giving information and adding legibility to the map.
Betty Shabazz

**Betty Shabazz** was an American educator and civil rights activist. She was the widow of Malcolm&nbsp;X. 

She was born on May 28, in either 1934 or 1936. Her full name at birth was **Betty Dean Sanders**. She grew up in Detroit, Michigan. She and Malcolm&nbsp;X joined the Nation of Islam in 1956. They married in 1958. They had six children together. She raised them on her own after her husband was murdered in 1965.

Shabazz converted to Islam in 1965. Betty was pregnant with twin girls when she witnessed Malcolm X’s assassination. Betty never remarried after her husband’s death, and became a national figure. She also cared deeply about the struggle of people of African heritage in the U.S.

Shabazz's grandson Malcolm Shabazz (1984-2013) set fire to her apartment on June 1, 1997. She died of burns in hospital on June 23, 1997. He was convicted of arson and manslaughter and sentenced to 18 months juvenile detention.
Postage stamps and postal history of Macau

This is a survey of the **postage stamps and postal history of Macau**.

## Colonial history 
The first stamps issued for Macau by the Portuguese was in 1884. The common "Portuguese crown" design was used and nine values ranging from 5 to 300 reis were made.

## Transfer of sovereignty over Macau 
When Macau became a special administrative region of the People's Republic of China, all stamps with "Macau, Portuguese Republic" () were no longer used. Instead, "Macau, China" was printed on the stamp.

## Further reading 
* ''Yang's Catalog of the Postage Stamps and Postal Stationery of Macau'' (1998).

## Other websites 
* Encyclopaedia of Postal Authorities, Macao (Macau).
Colyton Grammar School

**Colyton Grammar School** is a grammar school in the village of Colyford in England. It was started in 1546. 49.4% of GCSEs in 2013 were A*, an increase of 4% on the past year, and 68.5% of A-levels were A*-A. Ofsted rated the school as outstanding.

## References
]
Division of Eden-Monaro

The **Division of Eden-Monaro** is an Australian electoral division in New South Wales. It was one of the 75 divisions set up for the first federal election in 1901. It is named for the town of Eden and the Monaro district of southern New South Wales. It includes Batemans Bay, Bega, Cooma and Queanbeyan. It is closely watched by the media when trying to pick the results of an election.

## Members
## Election results
The swings above are calculated from the results of the 2020 Eden-Monaro by-election.

## References
## Other websites
* Division of Eden-Monaro – Australian Electoral Commission
Mark Fitzpatrick

**Mark Fitzpatrick** (born November 13, 1968 in Toronto, Ontario) is a Canadian retired ice hockey goaltender.

## Playing career
Before playing in the NHL, Cloutier played 1 season in the BCJHL with the Revelstoke Rangers and 3 seasons in the WHL with the Medicine Hat Tigers whom he won the Memorial Cup twice with.

He was drafted by the Los Angeles Kings with the 27th overall pick in the 1987 NHL Entry draft. He played 17 games with the Kings and on February 22, 1989 he was traded along with Wayne McBean to the New York Islanders in exchange for Kelly Hrudey. He played 2 seasons with the Islanders. During his time with them, Fitzpatrick contracted Eosinophilia–myalgia syndrome, which is a potentially fatal neurological disease and it cost him almost all of the 1990-91 NHL season. He was able to recover and he returned to the ice in February 1992. He won the Bill Masterton Memorial Trophy for his efforts in returning to the league after the illness in 1992.

On June 20, 1993, during the expansion draft for the Florida Panthers and the Mighty Ducks of Anaheim, he was traded to the Quebec Nordiques for Ron Hextall and a swap of first-round picks. After only four days, he was claimed in the expansion draft by the Panthers. He played 5 seasons with the Panthers where he played as a backup goaltender to John Vanbiesbrouck.

On January 16, 1998, he was traded to the Tampa Bay Lightning with Jody Hull for Dino Ciccarelli and Jeff Norton. During his time in Tampa, he only managed record 7 wins in 34 games for the struggling Lightning who finished the season with the worst record in the NHL.

He was traded to the Chicago Blackhawks for Michal Sykora where he spent the season as a backup capacity to Jocelyn Thibault. He moved to Carolina Hurricanes for the 1999–2000 NHL season but spent most of the year playing in the International Hockey League for the Cincinnati Cyclones. He only played 3 games for the Carolina Hurricanes and spent another season in the IHL for the Detroit Vipers before he retired from playing professional ice hockey in 2001.

## References
## Other websites 
*
*
BAC One-Eleven

The **British Aircraft Corporation One-Eleven** or sometime **British Aircraft Corporation 111** or also **BAC 111** was a British airliner. It was a twin-turbojet that could carry around one hundred passengers. Some were built under licence in Romania as **RomBAC 111**. This aircraft is similar to the French Sud Aviation Caravelle and to the US Douglas DC-9. The One-Eleven was retired from service in the 1990s because of noise restrictions. It was one of the more successful British designed airliners.

## History and service
Before the airplane was called the BAC 1-11, it was called the Hunting 107 before Hunting Aircraft merged with British Aircraft corporation. It entered service in 1965, a while before it's competitors. Despite it being a British aircraft, half of the original orders were American. During the 1980s noise restrictions were passed, and most airlines wanted to hush-kit the aircraft instead of putting the aircraft out of service. They did this because at least half of the 1-11s still in service were fairly new; only 5-10 years old. During the early 1990s, more noise restrictions were passed, and this time, the planes were approaching retirement age anyway, so the BAC 1-11 saw most airlines retiring them in the 90s. The last ones in service were testbeds for the Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II, and those were retired in 2019.
Softwood

**Softwood** is wood that comes from conifer trees. 

Softwood makes up about 80% of the world's production of lumber.  Traditional production areas include North America, Scandinavia, Baltic countries and China. 

The opposite of softwood is hardwood, which is wood that comes from dicotyledonous trees. Softwoods are not always softer than hardwoods. Both groups include a variety of wood types that vary in actual hardness. For example balsa is a hardwood but is softer than most softwoods. Douglas fir, a softwood, is much harder than many hardwoods. 

Both groups of woods also vary in durability, that is, in the resistance to rotting. Some softwoods may rot more easily than some hardwoods, others less easily. The most-used softwoods are less durable.

There is often confusion on softwoods, as names like "pine" and "cedar" are used for different woods, that are not botanically related and are not really similar in properties.

If softwoods have discernable heartwood, the colors are limited to shades of brown, from very light brown to reddish brown.  

## Pictures of some softwoods 

Taxodium distichum02.jpg|Baldcypress
Bleistiftzeder Holz.JPG|Eastern redcedar
Wood Abies alba.jpg|Fir
Wood of Tsuga heterophylla.jpg|Hemlock
Wood Larix decidua.jpg|Larch
Wood Pseudotsuga taxifolia.jpg|Oregon pine
ParanaPW.jpg|Parana pine
Pine in straight grain.jpg|Pine
Wood sequoia sempervirens.jpg|Redwood
Wood picea abies.jpg|Spruce
W Redced.jpg|Western redcedar
Eiben c.jpg|Yew wood

## References 
*Jane F.W. 1970.* The structure of wood*. 2nd ed, edited by K. Wilson & D.J.B. White. London: Adam & Charles Black. ISBN 9780713609127
Detroit Lakes, Minnesota

**Detroit Lakes** is a city and the county seat of Becker County, Minnesota, United States. The city's economy is based on tourism and agriculture. It attracts tourists in both summer and winter.

## Sources
## Other websites
* Detroit Lakes Regional Chamber of Commerce and Tourism Bureau
VFW-Fokker 614

The **VFW-Fokker 614** is a West German and Dutch airliner manufactured by VFW-Fokker. It is a twin-turbojet aircraft. It is holds certain significance as its two engines are on pylons above the wing. **VFW-Fokker 614** can carry between 40 and 44 passengers.
It was used by airlines in Denmark, France, and Germany until 2007. German Air Force, the *Luftwaffe*, also used this aircraft for speed liaisons and VIP transport.

## Images 

File:VFW-614 Air Alsace Basle - 15 Oct 1977.jpg|Side view of the aircraft
File:Vfw 614 01.jpg|Over wing mounted engine
File:Cimber Air VFW-614.jpg|The aircraft in service at Cimber
Andreja Pejić

**Andreja Pejić** (born 28 August 1991) is an Australian model and actress.

## Early life 
She was born in Tuzla, Bosnia. During the Bosnian War she and her older brother Igor, mother, and grandmother fled to a refugee camp in Serbia. After the 1999 NATO bombing of Serbia, Pejić's mother felt unsafe and in 2000 the family moved to Melbourne.

## Career and personal life 
Pejić was assigned male at birth. She models both male and female clothing. Her website describes her as transgender. She was signed to Storm Models in February 2012. She has appeared on the cover of Russian Vogue and Elle Serbia. In February 2013 she appeared in the video for David Bowie's single "The Stars (Are Out Tonight)". In October 2013 an interview with her was published by *La Monda* magazine. In it she said publicly for the first time that she likes people calling her 'she' more than 'he' or other gender pronouns. In early 2014 she had sex reassignment surgery.

Her boyfriend is Rembrandt Duran.

## Sources
Vought F6U Pirate

.]]
The **Vought F6U Pirate** is a US navalized fighter aircraft that served in the U.S. Navy. It was one of the first military single-turbojet aircraft after World War II. Its first flight was in October 1946. Only 65 were ever built, and they were only used between 1947 and 1950.
Anna Grodzka

**Anna Grodzka** (born 16 March 1954) is a Polish politician. In 2011, she was elected to the National Assembly as a member of the Palikot's Movement party. She became Poland's first transsexual Member of Parliament. She is the only openly transgender MP in the world. She went to the University of Warsaw. She is bisexual.

## References
Mamphela Ramphele

**Mamphela Aletta Ramphele** (born 28 December 1947) is a South African politician and writer. In February 2013, she started her own political party, Agang South Africa. Ramphele was previously an activist against Apartheid in South Africa.

## References
Playaz Circle

**Playaz Circle** is an American hip hop duo signed to the Def Jam Recordings record label. The group was established in 1997 by rappers 2 Chainz (then known as Tity Boi) and Dolla Boy. Before they began recording in 2007, Dolla Boy was incarcerated and Tity Boi was shot. They were discovered by Ludacris and he signed them to his record label DTP. They are best known for their hit single "Duffle Bag Boy" that features Lil Wayne. In 2013, they broke up to work individually.

## Discography
### Albums 
### Singles 
## References
## References
Fisher Ames

**Fisher Ames** (April 9, 1758 – July 4, 1808) was a United States Congress representative from the First Congressional District of Massachusetts.

## Life and political 
Ames was born in Dedham, Massachusetts. His father died when Ames was six years old. Even though his mother did not have much money, she wanted to give Ames a good education. Ames started learning Latin when he was six years old. He went to Harvard College when he was twelve years old. He graduated in 1774. After Ames graduated, he started to work as a teacher. When he was a teacher, he also studied law. He started to work as a lawyer in the year 1781.

He served in the Massachusetts House of Representatives in 1788. He was also part of the Massachusetts Convention in the same year. He served in Congress from March 4, 1789 to March 3, 1797. Ames decided to be a lawyer again in 1796, but he stayed in politics until he died in Dedham on July 4, 1808.
Judgment Day (2006)

**Judgment Day (2006)** was a professional wrestling pay-per-view show made by World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE) for their SmackDown! brand. It took place on May 21, 2006 at the US Airways Center in Phoenix, Arizona. It was the eighth Judgment Day event held by WWE.

## Matches
## King of the Ring 
## References
## Other websites
*Official Judgment Day 2006 website
Babar: King of the Elephants

***Babar: King of the Elephants*** is an animated movie that was released in 1998. It was co-produced by Nelvana Limited,  and Ellipse Animation, In co-production With Warner Bros. Animation, in association with The Clifford Ross Company. It was premiered on Teletoon in Canada. It is based on a series of children's books by Jean de Brunhoff.

## Voice cast
* Dan Lett as King Babar
** Kristin Fairlie as Young Babar
* Janet-Laine Green as Queen Celeste
** Jennifer Martini as Young Celeste
* Chris Wiggins as Cornelius
* Philip Williams as Zephir
* Amos Crawley as Uncle Arthur
** Kyle Fairlie as Young Arthur/Alexander
* Kristen Bone as Flora
* Cody Jones as Pom
* Elizabeth Hanna as Madame
* Allen Stewart-Coates as Rataxes
* Wayne Robson as Marabou/Sales Manager
* Ellen-Ray Hennessy as Babar's Mother
* Paul Haddad as Elevator Boy/Tailor
* Cree Summer as Misfortune

## References
## Other websites
* 
*
Division of Grayndler

The **Division of Grayndler** is an Australian Electoral Division in Sydney, New South Wales. It is one of Australia's smallest electorates, and includes the suburbs of Annandale, Ashfield, Dulwich Hill, Enmore, Haberfield, Hurlstone Park, Leichhardt, Marrickville, Newtown, Petersham, Stanmore and Summer Hill. It was set up in 1949 and is named for Edward Grayndler (1867–1943), a Member of the New South Wales Legislative Council and General Secretary of the Australian Workers' Union from 1912 to 1941. 

## Members
Fred Daly was a minister in the Whitlam government. Leo McLeay was Speaker of the House 1989–93. He moved to Watson during an electoral boundary change. Tony Whitlam, Gough's son, served only one term but then lost preselection after division boundaries were changed in 1977. 

## Election results
## References
## Other websites
* Division of Grayndler – Australian Electoral Commission
* Anthony Albanese's website
Wulfhere of Mercia

**Wulfhere** or **Wulfar** (died 675) was an early King of Mercia. Although his father was pagan Wulfhere was a Christian. His older brother Peada ruled Mercia south of the River Thames under Oswiu of Northumbria. When Peada was murdered Oswiu held Mercia until the ealdormen of Mercia rebelled and placed Wulfhere on the throne. Wulfhere ruled Mercia from 658 until his death. He was the first Mercian bretwalda (overlord) of England.

## King of Mercia 
Wulfhere was a younger son of King Penda. His older brother Peada accepted Christianity to marry the daughter of King Oswiu of Northumbria. After their father was killed by Oswiu, Peada was set up as a king of southern Mercia. Peada's wife murdered him within five months. Oswiu then took control of all Mercia and ruled it three years. Wulfhere began building alliances with other kings in the south of England. His first may have been in about 660 when he married Ermenilda, the daughter of King Eorcenberht of Kent About this same time he expanded Mercia to the west. He brought Shropshire and Herefordshire under his control.

## Bretwalda 
By the time Oswiu died in 670 Wulfhere was the overlord of most of southern England. While Wulfhere did not directly control East Anglia he controlled Lindsey and Essex. By controlling all the surrounding lands, he probably forced East Anglia into a treaty. He expelled the West Saxons from Sussex and eastern Hampshire. In 674 Wulfhere decided to attack Northumbria. Oswiu's son Ecgfrith of Northumbria had put down a rebellion by the Picts when he became king. Wulfhere formed an alliance of most of the southern kings with the exception of Wessex.

## Family 
By his wife Ermenilda, he had:

* Wulfade, executed by his father.
* Rufinus, executed by his father.
* Wereberga, later Saint Wereberga, Abbess of Ely.
* Coenred, King of Mercia and finally a monk at Rome.

## Notes 
## References
## Other websites 
* The Kings of Mercia 
* St. Ermengilda, Queen of Mercia (wife of Wulfhere)
Automatic behaviour

**Automatic behaviour** is the name for a set of actions that occur (or that continue to occur), without conscious thought. Usually, they are guided by a part of the nervous system that is called autonomic nervous system, or visceral nervous system. Automatic behaviour is like a reflex.

*Inherited normal behaviours: for example blinking and leaning back when something is waved in front of face.
*Learned normal behaviours: cycling is a good example. Also any sport or dance training aims to make proper behaviours automatic. Another example is simply walking without bumping into other people. 

Many mental illnesses have certain forms of unwanted automatic behaviour.

## Related pages 
*Unconscious mind
*Instinct
*Autonomic nervous system
Judgment Day (2004)

**Judgment Day (2004)** was a professional wrestling pay-per-view show made by World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE) for their SmackDown! brand. It took place on May 16, 2004 at the Staples Center in Los Angeles, California. It was the sixth Judgment Day event held by WWE.

## Matches
## References
## Other websites
*Official Judgment Day 2004 website
Bill de Blasio

**Bill de Blasio** (born **Warren Wilhelm, Jr.**; May 8, 1961) is an American politician. He was the Mayor of New York City from 2014 until 2021. He formerly served as the New York City Public Advocate from 2010 to 2013. Before that, he was a New York City Council member. 

## Career 
He was the Democratic Party nominee in the 2013 election to become Mayor of New York City. On November 5, 2013, De Blasio won the mayoral election by a landslide, receiving over 73% of the vote. He is the first Democratic mayor of the city in nearly 20 years.

De Blasio was re-elected as Mayor in the 2017 mayoral election with 66.5% of the vote. On January 1, 2018, Bernie Sanders sworn-in De Blasio in his second mayoral inauguration as Mayor.

On May 16, 2019,  De Blasio announced his candidacy for President for the 2020 election. He released a YouTube video in which he stated "I’m Bill de Blasio and I’m running for president because it’s time we put working people first". He withdrew from the race on September 20, 2019. In February 2020, he endorsed Bernie Sanders for president.

In May 2022, De Blasio announced he would run for the United States House of Representatives for New York's 10th congressional district. In July 2022, he dropped out of the race and retired from politics to focus on working with non-profit organizations.

## Personal life 
De Blasio was born on May 8, 1961 in New York City. His mother's parents were Italian immigrants; his father is of German ancestry. De Blasio studied at Columbia University and at New York University. He has been married to Chirlane McCray since 1994. They have two children.

## References
## Other websites
* 
*Office of the Public Advocate
*Bill de Blasio: official website 
*When Bill de Blasio's Wife Was a Lesbian, Out (magazine), September 3, 2013
Judgment Day (2002)

**Judgment Day (2002)** was a professional wrestling pay-per-view show made by World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE). It took place on May 19, 2002 at the Gaylord Entertainment Center in Nashville, Tennessee. It was the fourth Judgment Day event held by WWE and the first PPV the company made under the new name World Wrestling Entertainment.

## Matches
## References
## Other websites
*Official Judgment Day 2002 website
The Indelicates

**The Indelicates** are an indie rock band from Sussex, England. It was started in late 2005 by Julia Clark-Lowes, who left The Pipettes six months before, and Simon Clayton (under their stage names, Julia and Simon Indelicate). They have released four albums.  Julia and Simon are a couple.

The Indelicates released their first album *American Demo* in 2008. In 2010 they released their second album, *Songs for Swinging Lovers*. In 2011 the band's third album *David Koresh Superstar* was released. It is a concept album about David Koresh. In 2013 The Indelicates released their fourth album *Diseases of England*.

## Other websites
*Official website
Juan Manuel Tenuta

**Juan Manuel Tenuta** (23 January 1924 &ndash; 5 November 2013) was a Uruguayan actor.

Tenuta was born on 23 January 1924 Fray Bentos, Uruguay. He was married to actress Adela Gleijer until his death in 2013. He was father of the actress Andrea Tenuta. Tenuta died on 5 November 2013 in Buenos Aires, Argentina from a stroke, aged 89.

## References
## Other websites
*
Division of Hughes

The **Division of Hughes** is an Australian Electoral Division in New South Wales. It was set up in 1955 and is named for Billy Hughes, who was Prime Minister of Australia 1915–23. It is in the southern and southwestern suburbs of Sydney, including Alfords Point, Bangor, Barden Ridge, Chipping Norton, East Hills, Engadine, Hammondville, Holsworthy, Illawong, Loftus, Lucas Heights, Menai, Milperra, Moorebank, Panania, Picnic Point, Revesby, Warwick Farm, Wattle Grove and Woronora and parts of Padstow, Jannali, Liverpool and Sutherland.

## Members
## Election results
The sitting member, Craig Kelly was elected as a , but resigned from the party in 2021, subsequently joining .

## References
## Other websites
* Division of Hughes – Australian Electoral Commission
* Craig Kelly's website
Michael Parkinson

**Sir Michael Parkinson** CBE (28 March 1935 &ndash; 16 August 2023) was an English broadcaster, journalist, and writer. He was best known for his chat show *Parkinson* which ran from 1971 to 1982 and again from 1998 to 2007. The show’s most famous moment from 1976 was when Rod Hull and Emu appeared and Emu attacked Parkinson. He was born in Cudworth, a village in South Yorkshire. He went to Barnsley Grammar School. He started his journalism career writing for local newspapers. His book *Parky: My Autobiography* was published on 2 October 2008. 

Parkinson died at home in Bray, Berkshire from prostate cancer on 16 August 2023, aged 88.

## Other websites
*Official website 

## References
Death and state funeral of Ronald Reagan

Ronald Reagan lies in state in the United States Capitol Rotunda]]
On June 5, 2004, **Ronald Reagan**, the 40th President of the United States, died after having suffered from Alzheimer's disease for almost 10 years. A seven-day state funeral for Reagan was held shortly after his death. 

## Post-death
After Reagan's death, his body was taken from his home in Bel-Air, Los Angeles, California, to the Gates, Kingsley and Gates Funeral Home in Santa Monica, California to prepare the body for burial.

## Guests
About 4,000 people gathered at the cathedral for the service, including President and Mrs. Bush, former president George H. W. and Barbara Bush, Gerald and Betty Ford, Jimmy and Rosalynn Carter, and Bill and Hillary Clinton. Members of Congress, such as Dick Cheney, Howard Baker, Sandra Day O'Connor, and Dennis Hastert, and past and present governors were also present. 

Other world leaders included UK Prime Minister Tony Blair and his wife Cherie, Prince Charles, German Chancellor Gerhard Schröder, former Japanese Prime Minister Yasuhiro Nakasone, California governor Arnold Schwarzenegger, close friends Donald Rumsfeld, Ed Meese, Howard Baker, and Colin Powell, Italian Prime Minister Silvio Berlusconi, former President of Poland Lech Wałęsa, fomer Vice President Al Gore, Jordanian King Abdullah, New York City mayors Michael Bloomberg, Rudy Giuliani, and Ed Koch, as well as interim presidents Hamid Karzai of Afghanistan and Ghazi Mashal Ajil al-Yawer of Iraq, and Irish President Mary McAleese.

Canadian Prime Minister Paul Martin, French President Jacques Chirac, Russian President Vladimir Putin, Irish Prime Minister Bertie Ahern, who was also president of the European Union, and Japanese Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi also paid their respects to Reagan.

## References
## Other websites
* CNN Coverage of the Passing of Ronald Reagan 
* Coverage in *The Washington Post*
* MSNBC Coverage of the Passing of Ronald Reagan 
* Coverage in *USA Today*
* BBC Reagan's Mixed White House Legacy
* CBC In Depth-Ronald Reagan
* CTV Ronald Reagan-A Look Back
History of bus transport in Hong Kong

The **history of bus transport in Hong Kong** started in 1920 when the first bus route started providing service.

## During and after WWII 
While there was the Japanese occupation of Hong Kong, the Japanese government had tried to turn bus service to the status before the war. However, it wasn't successful since there has run out of petrol.

After WWII, the bus companies temporarily used vans to carry the passages. They used back buses after about 100 buses were bought from the UK.
Division of Greenway

The **Division of Greenway** is an Australian electoral division in New South Wales. It was set up in 1984 and is named for Francis Greenway, an ex-convict who became an important architect in colonial Sydney.

It is in the west and north-west suburbs of Sydney. It includes Acacia Gardens, Girraween, Glenwood, Kellyville Ridge, Kings Langley, Kings Park, Lalor Park, Parklea, Seven Hills, Stanhope Gardens, The Ponds, Toongabbie and parts of Blacktown, Pendle Hill, Prospect, Quakers Hill, Riverstone, Rouse Hill, Schofields and Vineyard.

## Members 
## Election results
## References
## Other websites
* Division of Greenway – Australian Electoral Commission
* Michelle Rowland's website
Siouxsie and the Banshees

**Siouxsie and the Banshees** were an English gothic rock band. They were started in 1976 in London by Siouxsie Sioux and Steven Severin. They met at a Roxy Music concert the year before. The band broke up in 1996. They later performed together again in 2002 for a tour. They released 11 studio albums between 1978 and 1995. Their most popular song in the UK was "Dear Prudence", a Beatles cover. It reached number 3 in the UK Singles Chart. They were less popular in the United States, but their 1991 single "Kiss Them For Me" reached 23 on the *Billboard* Hot 100. They were also the second headliners for the first Lollapalooza.

The group played their first concert at the 100 Club Punk Festival. Sid Vicious played drums. Marco Pirroni played guitar. Without practising beforehand, they did a twenty-minute improvised version of the Lord's Prayer. The band had no name and was going to break up after the concert, but they were asked to play again.

Two months later Kenny Morris joined as a drummer and Peter Fenton as a guitarist. After a few performances, the band realized that Fenton didn't fit in and John McKay took his place.

In 1978, the band were signed to Polydor Records. They released their first single "Hong Kong Garden". It reached 7 on the UK Singles Chart. They released their first album, *The Scream*, in November. It reached number 12 in the UK Albums Chart. It got mostly good reviews. *Sounds* said it was "the best debut album of the year".

Robert Smith was guitarist in the band's 1979 tour for *Join Hands*. He joined the group again in 1982 to replace John McGeoch. He left in 1984 because he said that being in two bands at once was too much stress. He was replaced by John "Valentine" Carruthers. Before he left he wanted his time with the band to be documented, so the band released a cover of the Beatles' "Dear Prudence" with Smith on guitar.

Peter Edward Clark, known as Budgie, also joined the band for the *Join Hands* tour. He stayed a member until the band broke up. In 1987 Carruthers left and was replaced with Jon Klein. Martin McCarrick became the band's full-time keyboard player.

In 1987, the band released *Through the Looking Glass*, an album of covers of songs by other musicians.

Between January and June 1988, the band recorded their ninth album, *Peepshow*. It was released on 5 September 1988. It had a more pop sound than their previous albums. It got very good reviews. *Q* gave it 5 stars.

In 1991, *Superstition*, the Banshees' tenth album, was released. The single "Kiss Them for Me" became their biggest US hit.

In 1995, they released their last album, *The Rapture*. A few weeks later, Polydor dropped them from their label. Guitarist Klein was replaced with Knox Chandler for the band's last tour.

## Discography
;Studio albums
* *The Scream* (1978)
* *Join Hands* (1979)
* *Kaleidoscope* (1980)
* *Juju* (1981)
* *A Kiss in the Dreamhouse* (1982)
* *Hyæna* (1984)
* *Tinderbox* (1986)
* *Through the Looking Glass* (1987)
* *Peepshow* (1988)
* *Superstition* (1991)
* *The Rapture* (1995)

## Other websites
* Siouxsieandthebanshees.co.uk  Official website
* Siouxsie.com  Official website