open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
List of legendary Pictish monarchs

These kings are of the Picts from the year 822 BC until 312 CE, these monarchs are legendary especially seen with Gil Gidi who ruled for 150 years which is impossible. All of these are legendary. For real kings of the Picts see List of Pictish kings which continues this list from 312 AD.

## Before Christ (BC) 
* Circin 822-782 BC
* Fidach 782-742 BC
* Floclaid 742-712 BC
* Got 712-700 BC
* Ce 700-685 BC
* Fibaid 685-661 BC
* Gede-olgudach 661-581 BC
* Denbecan 581-481 BC
* Oflinecta 481-421 BC
* Guidid-gaed-brechach 421-371 BC
* Gest-gurgich 371-331 BC
* Wurgest 331-301 BC
* Gilgidi 331-181 BC
* Tharain 181-81 BC
* Morleo 81-66 BC
* Deocliunon 66-26 BC
* Cimoiod 26-19 BC
* Deoord 19 BC-31 AD

## Anno Domini (AD) 
* Deoord 19 BC-31 AD
* Bliesblituth 31-36 AD
* Dectotric 36-76 AD
* Usconbuts 76-106 AD
* Carvost 106-126 AD
* Deo Ardivois 126-146 AD
* Vist 146-196 AD
* Ru 196-296 AD
* Gartnait Ioc 296-305 AD
* Breth 305-312 AD

## References
Niels Helveg Petersen

**Niels Lolk Helveg Petersen** (; informally **Niels Helveg**; 17 January 1939 – 3 June 2017) was a Danish politician. He was Minister of Foreign Affairs from 1993 to 2000, having  held the role of Minister for Economic Affairs between 1988 and 1990. He was a Member of Parliament (Folketinget) for the Danish Social Liberal Party from 1966 to 1974, 1977 to 1993, and again from 1994 to 2011.

Petersen died on 3 June 2017 from esophageal cancer in Copenhagen, Denmark at the age of 78.

## References
## Other websites
*CV from Folketinget
*Personal webpage  from the official website of the Danish Social Liberal Party
Richard Pipes

**Richard Edgar Pipes** (July 11, 1923 &ndash; May 17, 2018) was a Polish-American academic. His works were about Russian history, especially relating to the Soviet Union. He held strong anti-communist points of view throughout his career.

In 1976 he headed Team B, a team of analysts organized by the Central Intelligence Agency who analyzed the strategic capacities and goals of the Soviet military and political leadership. Pipes is the father of American historian and expert on American foreign policy and the Middle East, Daniel Pipes.

## Early life
Pipes was born to a Jewish family in Cieszyn, Poland, which fled the country as refugees after it was invaded by Nazi Germany. Settling in the United States in 1940, he became a naturalized citizen in 1943 while serving in the United States Army Air Corps.
From 1958 to 1996, Pipes worked at Harvard University.

## Recent activities
He was a member of the advisory council of the Victims of Communism Memorial Foundation.

Pipes died in Belmont, Massachusetts on May 17, 2018 at the age of 94.

## More reading
*Bogle, Lori Lyn, "Pipes, Richard", pp.&nbsp;922–923, in *The Encyclopedia of Historians and Historical Writing* edited by Kelly Boyd, Vol. 2, London: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishing, 1999. online
*Malia, Martin Edward, "The Hunt for the True October", pp.&nbsp;21–28, from *Commentary*, Vol. 92, 1991.
*Pipes, Richard, "Vixi: The Memoirs of a Non-Belonger", 2003.
*Poe, Marshall, "The Dissident" , *Azure* (Spring 2008).
*Somin, Ilya, "Riddles, Mysteries, and Enigmas: Unanswered Questions of Communism's Collapse", pp.&nbsp;84–88, from *Policy Review*, Vol. 70, 1994.
*Stent, Angela, "Review of U.S-Soviet Relations in the Era of Détente", pp.&nbsp;91–92, from *Russian Review*, Vol. 41, 1982.
*Szeftel, Marc, "Two Negative Appraisals of Russian Pre-Revolutionary Development", pp.&nbsp;74–87, from *Canadian-American Slavic Studies*, 1980.

## References
## Other websites
* 
***Booknotes* interview with Pipes on *Vixi: Memoirs of a Non-Belonger*, December 7, 2003.
Jimmy Piersall

**James Anthony "Jimmy" Piersall** (November 14, 1929 – June 3, 2017) was an American baseball center fielder who played 17 seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB) for five teams, from 1950 through 1967. He played for Boston Red Sox (1950, 1952–1958), Cleveland Indians (1959–1961), Washington Senators (1962–1963), New York Mets (1963) and for the California Angels (1963–1967).

After baseball, Piersall became the broadcaster for the Chicago White Sox from 1977 through 1981.

Piersall was best known for his well-publicized battle with bipolar disorder that became the subject of the book and movie *Fear Strikes Out*.

Piersall was born in Waterbury, Connecticut.

Piersall was selected to the American League All-Star team in 1954 and 1956. By the end of the 1956 season, in which he played all 156 games, he posted a league-leading 40 doubles, scored 91 runs, drove in 87, and had a .293 batting average. The following year, he hit 19 home runs and scored 103 runs.

Piersall moved to Chicago, Illinois in his later years. He died at under hospice carer in Wheaton, Illinois on June 3, 2017 from complications of a stroke at the age of 87.

## References
## Other websites
*  
* profile and career chronology  *Baseball Library*
* "Jimmy Rounding First" Panorama – Extreme Photo Constructions
One Love Manchester

**One Love Manchester** was a charity concert and British television program on 4 June 2017. The concert was set up by Ariana Grande. The event took place at the Old Trafford Cricket Ground in Old Trafford in Greater Manchester, England. It aired live on BBC One in the United Kingdom.

The concert was attended by over 50,000 people. Guest stars included Justin Bieber, the Black Eyed Peas, Coldplay, Miley Cyrus, Marcus Mumford, Niall Horan, Little Mix, Katy Perry, Take That,  Imogen Heap, Pharrell Williams, Robbie Williams and Liam Gallagher.

Money from the event benefits the We Love Manchester Emergency Fund. The Emergency Fund was founded by Manchester City Council and the British Red Cross not long after the 2017 Manchester Arena bombing.

## References
## Other websites
* 
*
Juan Goytisolo

**Juan Goytisolo Gay** (5 January 1931 – 4 June 2017) was a Spanish poet, essayist, and novelist. He lived in Marrakech from 1997 until his death in 2017. He was considered Spain's greatest living writer at the beginning of the 21st century, yet he lived abroad since the 1950s.

His younger brother was writer and political prisoner Luis Goytisolo.

Goytisolo was bisexual.

On 24 of November of 2014 he was granted the Miguel de Cervantes Prize, the most prestigious literary award in the Spanish-speaking world.

Goytisolo died on 4 June 2017 at his Marrakech, Morocco home at the age of 86.

## References
## Other websites
*  Official Page
* "Scourge of the New Spain", an article on Goytisolo from *The Guardian*
* Interview with Goytisolo from the Center for Book Culture
* Juan Goytisolo at the *complete review* - bibliography, evaluation, and links
* Fernanda Eberstadt, The Anti-Orientalist, *The New York Times Magazine* article, April 16, 2006
*
* Juan Goytisolo, Voltaire and Islam, *El País*, 4 May 2006
* Juan Goytisolo, La historia se escibe en la plaza *El País*, 14 February 2011
Thomas James Kinsman

**Thomas James Kinsman** (March 4, 1945 – May 15, 2017) was a United States Army soldier. He was known for being the recipient of the United States military's highest decoration—the Medal of Honor—for his actions in the Vietnam War.

Kinsman died on May 15, 2017 in Toledo, Washington at the age of 72.

## References
## Other websites
Leonhard Nagenrauft

**Leonhard Nagenrauft** (March 9, 1938 in Bischofswiesen – May 22, 2017 in Berchtesgaden) was a West German luger who competed in the late 1960s and early 1970s. He won the silver medal in the men's singles event at the 1971 FIL World Luge Championships in Olang, Italy.

Nagenrauft also won two medals in the men's singles event at the FIL European Luge Championships with a gold in 1967 and a bronze in 1972.

Nagenrauft also competed in two Winter Olympics, earning his best finish of fifth in the men's singles event at Sapporo in 1972.

Nagenrauft died on May 22, 2017 at the age of 79.

## References
## Other websites
*Hickok sports information on World champions in luge and skeleton.
*List of European luge champions 
*Sports-reference.com profile 
*Wallechinsky, David. (1984). "Luge - Men's singles". *The Complete Book of the Olympics: 1896-1980*. New York: Penguin Books. p.&nbsp;575.
Gordon Brunton

**Sir Gordon Charles Brunton** (27 December 1921 &ndash; 30 May 2017) was a British businessman, publisher, racehorse owner and breeder. He was born in London.

## Business career
Brunton served as Chief Executive of Thomson Newspapers & International Thomson Organisation Ltd (ITOL) Thomson Corporation from 1966-1984 during the Thomson period of global expansion. He retired from Thomson in 1985. Afterwards, he became chairman at Mercury Communications,  Cable and Wireless Communications PLC, Racing Post, Bemrose PLC, NXT PLC, Galahad Gold and others.

## Death
Brunton died on 30 May 2017 in London at the age of 95.

## More readings
* Sir Gordon Brunton, A Private Autobiography, Published London 2014.
* LSE Honorary Fellows London School of Economics http://www.lse.ac.uk/intranet/LSEServices/governanceAndCommittees/honoraryFellows.aspx 
*Susan Goldenberg, *The Thomson Empire: A Multi Billion Dollar Canadian Dynasty* (Sidgwick & Jackson, London 1984)
*Lord Thomson of Fleet* Roy Thomson, After I Was Sixty: Autobiography* (Collins, London 1964)
*John Grigg, *The History of the Times Volume V1 The Thomson Years 1966-1981* (Times Books, London 1993)
*William Shawcross *Murdoch: The Making of a Media Empire* (Simon & Schuster, USA 1992)
*Oliver Woods & James Bishop, *The Story of The Times* (Michael Joseph, London 1983)
*Denis Hamilton *Editor-in-Chief, Fleet Street Memoirs* (Hamish Hamilton, London 1989)
*Robert Lacey *Sotherby’s: Bidding For Class* (Little Brown, New York 1998)

## References
Bern Nix

**Bern Nix** (September 21, 1947 – May 31, 2017) was an American jazz guitarist. He recorded and performed with Ornette Coleman from 1975-87, notably with guitarist Charlie Ellerbee in Coleman's Prime Time group on their key recordings, including *Dancing in Your Head* and *In All Languages* in 1987. Nix was voted among the top ten jazz guitarists poll by *Down Beat* magazine.

Nix died suddenly of a suspected heart attack at his New York City home on May 31, 2017, aged 69.

## References
## Other websites
Chance the Rapper

**Chancelor Jonathan Bennett** (born April 16, 1993), better known by his stage name **Chance the Rapper**, is an American rapper, singer, songwriter, record producer, and actor. He is the older brother of rapper Taylor Bennett.

## Early life
Chancelor Jonathan Bennett was born to a middle-class family in Chicago, Illinois. He studied at Jones College Prep High School.

## Music career
### 2011: Career beginnings and *10 Day*
Following a 10-day suspension in early 2011 during his senior year for possessing marijuana on campus, Bennett recorded his first full-length project, a mixtape titled *10 Day*.

### 2013–2015: *Acid Rap* and The Social Experiment
In 2013, Bennett began to gain recognition following the release of his second mixtape *Acid Rap*. Apart from his solo career, he is also a member of the Chicago collective SaveMoney (along with frequent collaborator Vic Mensa), and has worked as the lead vocalist for the band The Social Experiment. They released the widely lauded album *Surf* in May 2015.

### 2016–present: *Coloring Book*
In May 2016, Chance released his third mixtape *Coloring Book*. It earned him three Grammy Awards, including for Best Rap Album. *Coloring Book* was the first streaming-only album to ever receive and win multiple Grammy nominations ushering in a new era of streaming.

## Activism
On March 6, 2017, after a bad meeting with Governor Bruce Rauner only days before, Bennett announced his plans to donate $1,000,000 to Chicago Public Schools in order to help offset the lack of government funding provided.

## Personal life
In July 2015, Bennett announced that he was expecting his first child with his girlfriend Kirsten Corley, who he began to date in 2013. In September 2015, Corley gave birth to their first child, a daughter named Kensli. In May 2016, after they had stopped living together, Corley wanted the courts to declare Bennett as the father of their daughter, requiring him to pay child support. 

In February 2017, Bennett's child support case reopened in an attempt to work out child support terms and a parenting schedule as Bennett and Corley moved to separate residences. On March 21, 2017, the dispute was settled out of court. Corley and Bennett reconciled. On July 4, 2018, they became engaged after 5 years together. The two married on March 9, 2019. Bennett is a Christian 16.9973.

## Discography
### Studio albums
### Mixtapes
## References
## Other websites
* 
*
Emeritus professor

, Emeritus professor of linguistics, at MIT]]

**Emeritus** is the title given to a professor who is retired. The term is also used for other occupations, most notably clergy, and presidents. Professors who are emeriti no longer need to fulfill all of their functions (such as teaching at a university), but they may still do so. Pope Benedict XVI retired on  11 February 2013, and was the first pope to do this in recent history. He then became Pope Emeritus. Benedict XVI was a professor at the University of Regensburg.
Fruitarianism

**Fruitarianism** is a diet where people mostly eat fruits, and possibly nuts and seeds, without animal products. Fruitarianism is a strict of dietary veganism.

Fruitarians can become a fruitarian for different reasons, including ethical, religious, environmental, cultural, economic, and health reasons. There are many types of the diet. Some people whose diet consists of 75% or more fruit consider themselves fruitarians.

## Definitions 
Some fruitarians will eat only what comes naturally from a plant: foods that can be harvested without killing or harming the plant. These foods consist primarily of culinary fruits, nuts, and seeds.  Some do not eat grains, believing it is unnatural to. Some fruitarians feel that humans shouldn't to eat seeds as they contain future plants,or nuts and seeds, or any foods besides juicy fruits. Others believe they should eat only plants that spread seeds when the plant is eaten. Others eat seeds and some cooked foods. Some fruitarians use  beans, peas, or other legumes. Other fruitarians' diets include raw fruits, dried fruits, nuts, honey and olive oil, or fruits, nuts, beans and chocolate.SO different  fruitarians do different things.

## Motivation 
Some fruitarians who hold Judeo-Christian beliefs hold that fruitarianism was the original diet of humankind in the form of Adam and Eve, based on the Book of Genesis. They believe that a return to an Eden-like paradise will require simple living a health and diet.  Another common motivation is the desire to eliminate perceived toxicity within the body. For others, the appeal of a fruitarian diet comes from the challenge that the restrictive nature of this diet provides.

## Related pages 
* Vegetarianism 
* Balanced diet
Pteropoda

**Pteropods** are free-swimming pelagic sea snails and sea slugs. They are marine opisthobranch gastropods.  

Are they a natural group? The monophyly of Pteropoda is the subject of debate.   At present, by molecular studies, the group is monophyletic.

Pteropoda has  two clades Thecosomata, the sea butterflies, and Gymnosomata, the sea angels. The Thecosomata have a shell, while the Gymnosomata  ("naked body") do not. The two clades may or may not be sister taxa. If not, their similarity  may reflect adaptation to their particular lifestyle.

All are pelagic, small, and transparent, and swim using wing-like flaps (parapodia) which protrude from their bodies.

* Thecosomata:  "sea butterflies"
* Gymnosomata:  "sea angels"

The name "sea slug" is most often applied to nudibranchs, as well as to other marine gastropods without obvious shells.

## References
Micro black hole

**Micro black holes** are very small black holes. Because they are small, they may shrink and disappear due to Hawking radiation. They may exist in nature as primordial black holes.

## Detection 
If a micro black hole decays, it would create particles that we could see.

### Safety 
If the LHC did create a micro black hole, it would disappear immediately, and would not be dangerous. Cosmic rays hitting the Earth's atmosphere may already create these. If dangerous micro black holes are created by cosmic rays, then the Earth would already be damaged. Because the Earth is not damaged by black holes, scientists think they are not dangerous. This thought is like the Anthropic principle.

## References
Hacker koan

A **hacker koan** is a funny short story about computer science. Hackers like the artificial intelligence (AI) group at MIT made the term. A book called the Jargon File has many koans called *AI Koans*. Most koans are not the same as *kōans* in Zen Buddhism, but both kinds of koans are short, mysterious, and have a hidden meaning.

## Examples
### Uncarved block
Like Zen koans, this might have a real and correct answer. In the story, the room is not really empty when Minsky shuts his eyes, and the neural network might still have assumed something when it is randomly set up. The assumptions are random instead of from a human, but they still exist.

This story may be from a real story from *Hackers: Heroes of the Computer Revolution* (chapter 6):

### Victory
A story like this is in *The Tao of Programming*.

### Enlightenment
Tom Knight might have written this. He helped make the Lisp machine at MIT:

To reboot a degraded system is to discard an opportunity to troubleshoot and understand the cause of the failure. Knight, having contributed to the machine's design, presumably has some intuition about the current failure and is thus qualified to reboot it.

### Emacs and Bolio
This koan is sometimes called an "ice cream koan". The word "koan" sounds like "cone" in the phrase "ice cream cone", so the name is a pun. There is another "ice cream koan" in *The Dharma Bums*. This koan talks about AI lab tools from before the GNU project:

(The store is named after two homeless men.)

## Books of koans
Eric S. Raymond put the first AI Koans in a book called Hacker's Jargon Dictionary. He says that Danny Hillis created them when he was a student at MIT.

*The Codeless Code* is a different book about software engineers at big businesses instead of unix hackers. The stories in it are like traditional Zen koans. Every character is made-up, and most are masters and monks in a place like the Far East. The stories talk about things like making software. The name comes from a book called *The Gateless Gate*.

## Notes
## Other websites
*Jargon File Koans compiled by Eric S. Raymond
*The Unix Koans of Master Foo compiled by Eric S. Raymond
Arin Hanson

**Arin Joseph Hanson** (born January 6, 1987), also called **Egoraptor**, is an American Internet celebrity, animator, cartoonist, comedian, voice actor, songwriter, and rapper. He is known for his popular Internet animations, for the popular YouTube Let's Play show *Game Grumps,* and for the video game parody band Starbomb.

## Career 
Hanson has worked on many things other than *Game Grumps*:

### Internet animation series 
* *The Awesome Series -* makes fun of video games like *Pokémon*, *Metal Gear*, *Ninja Gaiden*, and *Final Fantasy*
* *Sequelitis -* an animated comedy video game review series comparing two different games in a series in a funny way.

### Voice acting 
* Shows and animations
** *Rick and Morty*
** *Mighty Magiswords*
** *Cyanide & Happiness*
* Video games
** *Dragon Age: Inquisition*
** *Detective Grimoire*.

### Music 
Hanson often works with Starbomb band members from Ninja Sex Party, Dan Avidan and Brian Wecht. He sings guest vocals for their music and appears in their videos.

## References
Ñuble Province (1974–2018)

The **Ñuble Province** () was one of the provinces of the Chilean region of Bío Bío (VIII). The provincial capital was the city of Chillán.

It was the second province in area in the Bío Bío region, after the Bío Bío province, and the second with more people living in it, after the Concepción province.

The province was created in 1974, as the historical province of Ñuble was supressed by the military dictatorship of Augusto Pinochet. In 2018 the province was converted in the Ñuble Region.

## Geography
The Ñuble province is in the northern part of the Bío Bío region with an area of . The capital, Chillán, is at about  from Santiago, the national capital.

Ñuble is bordered to the north by the Maule region (Cauquenes and Linares provinces), to the east by Argentina, to the south by the Bío Bío province and to the west by the Concepción province and the Pacific Ocean.

## Administration
As a province, Ñuble was a second-level administrative division, consisting of 21 communes (*comunas*). The city of Chillán served as the provincial capital. The province was administered by a governor.

## Related pages
* Provinces of Chile

## References
## Other websites
* Territorial division of Chile 
* Gobierno Regional del Bío Bío Official website 
* Province of Ñuble website
La Défense

**La Défense** () is an area in the Paris Metropolitan Area of Île-de-France, located in the Hauts-de-Seine French department, just west of Paris. It is the largest business district in Europe and is home to 19 skyscrapers and more than 50 other buildings made of glass and steel. The area is 1.6 km2 (560 hectares) big. About 25,000 people live in La Défense, and another 180,000 people work there. Over 8 million tourists visit La Défense every year.

To get there, one can start at the Louvre or Arc de Triomphe and head west along the *Axe historique* (Historical Axis) along the Champs-Élysées and Avenue de la Grande Armée. La Défense is at the other end of the axis and has a monument called *Grande Arche*. It can also be reached by Paris Métro Line 1, RER Line A, tram T2 run by the RATP, and by SNCF trains, which all stop at an underground railway station called *Gare de La Défense*.

Since January 2023, Paris La Défense hosts the museum ''Cité de l'Histoire'' ("City of History").

## Notes 
## Further reading 
* Paris La Défense
Saint Matthias

**Matthias** was the apostle who replaced Judas Iscariot. This was stated in the Acts of the Apostles. Unlike the other apostles, his appointment was not made personally by Jesus.

After the betrayal of Judas, the disciples of Jesus needed to choose a new apostle. To do this they nominated 2 men - Joseph Barsabbas and Matthias.
Oedipina maritima

***Oedipina maritima*** (commonly known as the **maritime worm salamander**) is a species of worm salamander that lives on the island of Escudo de Veraguas. It has no natural predators, as only a few animals live on the island, but it is endangered due to deforestation.

## Population 
There are only eight known adult specimens and two clutches of eggs.

## Threats 
The only threat to the salamander is deforestation.

## References
Boys' Life

'''''Boys' Life'''* is a magazine made by the Boy Scouts of America. It was first published in 1911.

There are two versions of *Boys' Life*. The first version is made for the youngest members of Cub Scouting. These are the 6-to-10-year-old Cub Scouts and first-year Webelos Scouts (a rank in Cub Scouts). The second version is made for 11-to-18-year-old boys, which includes second-year Webelos through 18-year-old Boy Scouts, Varsity Scouts and Venturers. The publisher picks which version to send by looking at if the subscriber is in Cub Scouts or Boy Scouts.

In June 2007, *Boys' Life'' earned four Distinguished Achievement Awards from the Association of Educational Publishers (AEP). One of those awards is　Periodical　of the Year.

The magazine's mascot is Pedro the Mailburro, who answers readers' letters. Boys' Life has a comic strip about Pedro.

## References
Boys' Life (disambiguation)

'''''Boys' Life''** is a magazine made by the Boy Scouts of America.  

**Boys' Life**, **Boy's Life** or **Boys Life'* may also mean:

* Boys Life (band), a band from Kansas City, Missouri, from 1993 to 1997
* *Boy's Life* (Japanese magazine), a magazine written in Japanese that was made from 1963 to 1969 in Japan by Shogakukan
* *Boy's Life* (novel), 1991 novel by American writer Robert McCammon
* *Boys Life'' (movie), a group of three short films made in 1995
Babatunde Osotimehin

**Babatunde Osotimehin** (6 February 1949 – 4 June 2017) was a Nigerian public servant and United Nations official.

Osotimehun was appointed on 19 November 2010 as the new Executive Director of UNFPA, the United Nations Population Fund, for a four-year term. He was reappointed to this position on 21 August 2014. 
He assumed the position on 1 January 2011 and became the organisation's fourth Executive Director. He held the rank of Under-Secretary-General of the United Nations. Before, he was Nigeria's Minister of Health. He left this office in March 2010 when Acting President Goodluck Jonathan dissolved his cabinet.

## References
Roger Smith (actor)

**Roger LaVerne Smith** (December 18, 1932 – June 4, 2017) was an American television and movie actor, singer and screenwriter. He starred in the television detective series *77 Sunset Strip* and in the comedy series *Mister Roberts*. Smith, who went on to manage the career of Ann-Margret, his wife of 50 years.

Smith was born in South Gate, California. He studied at the University of Arizona. In an interview with *The New York Post*, Ann-Margret said that he had Parkinson's disease. Smith died of complications from Parkinson's disease at the Sherman Oaks Hospital in Sherman Oaks, Los Angeles on June 4, 2017 at the age of 84.

## References
## Other websites
*
Bart Carlier

**Anthonius Hubertus "Bart" Carlier** (23 June 1929 – 4 May 2017) was a Dutch football player. He played eight seasons in France, winning league championships with AS Monaco in 1961 and 1963. Carlier appeared for the Dutch national team five times, scoring two goals.

Carlier died on 4 May 2017 in Strasbourg, France, aged 87.

## References
## Other websites
*Profile at Netherlands federation official site
*Voetbalstats.nl
*weltfussball.de
Zhang Tianfu

**Zhang Tianfu** (,  21 September 1910&nbsp;– 4 June 2017) was a Chinese agronomist and expert in tea processing, known for&nbsp;promoting processing of oolong.

In 1936, he introduced the tea processing machines from Japan, facilitating the automation of the domestic tea industry. From 1942 to&nbsp;1944, he resumed teaching at Fukien Christian University.

He was targeted at the start of the Anti-Rightist Movement and subsequently was exiled to Chong'an until 1962. The Cultural Revolution followed, and Zhang was exiled to Shouning. Despite his exile, Zhang continued scientific research. He was rehabilitated in 1980.

## References
Inversion (linguistics)

In linguistics, **inversion** is when the words in a sentence are in a different order than normal. The most common kind of inversion in English is subject–auxiliary inversion, which happens when an auxiliary verb (like *do*) changes places with its subject. It usually happens in questions like *Are you coming?*. In this example, the subject *you* is switched with the verb *are*. In many other languages, like languages with a freer word order than English, inversion can also happen with more verbs (not just auxiliaries) and other kinds of words.
Helen Dunmore

**Helen Dunmore** FRSL  (12 December 1952 – 5 June 2017) was a British poet, novelist and children's writer. She was born in Yorkshire, Northern England. She was known for her novel *Zennor in Darkness* (1993).

In 2017, Dunmore published her last book, *Birdcage Walk*, before writing an article about mortality for the Guardian after she was diagnosed with cancer. She died on 5 June 2017 in Bristol, aged 64.

## References
## Other websites
* HarperCollins Canada site
Fixed-point theorem

In mathematics, a **fixed-point theorem** is a theorem that a mathematical function has a fixed point. At that fixed point, the function's input and output are equal.

This concept is not one theorem itself; it is a way to describe many other theorems.

## List of fixed-point theorems 
* Atiyah–Bott fixed-point theorem
* Banach fixed-point theorem
* Borel fixed-point theorem
* Browder fixed-point theorem
* Brouwer fixed-point theorem
* Caristi fixed-point theorem
* Diagonal lemma, also called the fixed-point lemma, for making logical sentences that describe themselves.
* Fixed-point lemma for normal functions
* Fixed-point property
* Injective metric space
* Kakutani fixed-point theorem
* Kleene fixpoint theorem
* Knaster–Tarski theorem
* Lefschetz fixed-point theorem
* Nielsen fixed-point theorem
* Poincaré–Birkhoff theorem proves that a function has two fixed points
* Ryll-Nardzewski fixed-point theorem
* Schauder fixed-point theorem
* Topological degree theory
* Tychonoff fixed-point theorem
Jakucho Setouchi

, formerly , was a Japanese Buddhist nun, writer and activist. Setouchi was known for her biographical novels written as first-person narratives. She is known for her 1998 translation of *The Tale of Genji*.

She was awarded the Women's Literary Prize in 1963 for *Natsu no Owari*.

## Prizes
* 1962 Women's Literature Prize for *Natsu no Owari*
* 1992 Tanizaki Prize for *Hana ni Toe*
* 2001 Noma Prize in literature for *Basho*
* 2006 Order of Culture of Japan

## Works
* *Joshidaisei Chu Airin* (1957) *Qu Ailing the Coed*—received the Shinchosha Coterie Magazine Award
* *Miren* (1963) *Lingering Affections*
* *Kiji* (1963) *Pheasant* translated by Robert Huey in 
* *Beauty in Disarray* translated by Sanford Goldstein and Kazuji Ninomiya 
* *Natsu no owari* (1963?) *The End of Summer* translated by Janine Beichman .  A collection of linked stories detailing her own adulterous affair.
* *Hana ni toe* (1992?) *Ask the Blossoms*, a novelized biography of the classical poet-priest Saigyo.
* *Basho* (2001) *Places*

## References
## Other websites
* J'Lit | Authors : Jakucho Setouchi | Books from Japan
Northern England

**Northern England**, also known as the **North of England**, **North Country** or simply **the North**, is the northern part of England. People have different ideas about which parts of England are in Northern England, but it usually includes the counties of Cheshire, Cumbria, County Durham, Lancashire, Northumberland, Westmorland and Yorkshire, as well as parts of Lincolnshire. There are big cities in Northern England, but there are also large mountains and lakes. The biggest Northern cities are Leeds, Liverpool, Manchester, Newcastle-upon-Tyne and Sheffield.

Northern England has a long history: it was where many battles between England and Scotland were fought, and it was the place where the Industrial Revolution began. Nowadays, most of the industry is gone and Northern England is poorer than Southern England. However, Northern England still has its own culture and way of speaking, and many Northerners are proud of the region.

## Area
The area roughly spans from the River Trent to the Scottish border in the north. However, people disagree about where the southern border is. Some people say Northern England starts near Birmingham, while some people say it only starts at the River Tees. The government says that Northern England is made up of three statistical regions: the North East, North West and Yorkshire and the Humber. These have a combined population of around 14.9 million as of the 2011 Census and an area of 37,331&nbsp;km2 (14,414 sq mi). 

## Geography
Northern England contains much of England's national parkland but also has large areas of urbanization, including the conurbations of Greater Manchester, Merseyside, Teesside, Tyneside, Wearside, South and West Yorkshire.

## More readings
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## References
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Anna Jókai

**Anna Jókai** (Hungarian: *Jókai Anna*) (24 November 1932 – 5 June 2017) was a Hungarian author, poet and teacher. She began her writing career in 1974 and, during the 1980s, she participated in the Hungarian liberation movement. Between 1990 and 1992, she was the chairperson of the Hungarian Writers' Union.

## Awards
In 1994 and 2014, she received the Hungarian Kossuth Award.

## Bibliography
**Kötél nélkül*, 1969
**A labda*, 1971/1994
**Napok*,1972/2001
**Mindhalálig*, 1974
**A feladat* , 1977/1996
**Szegény Sudár Anna*, 1989/1999
**Ne féljetek* , 1998
**Bölcsek és Pásztorok*, 2006

## References
## Other websites
Cheick Tioté

**Cheick Ismaël Tioté** (; 21 June 1986 – 5 June 2017) was an Ivorian footballer. He played as a defensive midfielder. He played in Europe for Dutch team FC Twente and English club Newcastle United before moving to China to represent Beijing Enterprises.  He won the 2015 Africa Cup of Nations with the Ivory Coast national team. 

On 5 June 2017, Tioté died in Beijing, China after suffering from cardiac arrest in training, aged 30.

## Career statistics 
### Club 
:Source:

### International 
**Anderlecht**
*Belgian League: 2005–06, 2006–07
*Belgian Super Cup: 2006

**Twente**
*Eredivisie: 2009–10
*Dutch Super Cup: 2010

**Ivory Coast**
*Africa Cup of Nations: 2015

## References
## Other websites
* Kicker Profile
Charles-Augustin de Coulomb

** Charles-Augustin de Coulomb** (14 June 1736-23 August 1806) was a French physicist, known for his research on the properties of electricity. He also did research on the friction of fluids. Today, the SI unit for electric charge, the coulomb is named after him. He is one of the 72 people to have his name written on the Eiffel Tower in Paris.

## References
Dome-mae Chiyozaki Station

**Dome-mae Chiyozaki Station** (ドーム前千代崎駅, どーむまえちよざきえき) is a railway station of Osaka Municipal Subway in Nishi-ku, Osaka, Japan. There is **Dome-mae Station**(ドーム前駅, どーむまええき) which Hanshin Electric Railway possess near Dome-mae Chiyozaki Station.

This is the nearest station to Kyocera Dome Osaka.

## Adjacent stations 
;Osaka Municipal Subway
:  Nagahori Tsurumi-ryokuchi Line
::: Taisho (N11) **Dome-mae Chiyozaki** (N12) - Nishi-Nagahori (N13)
; Hanshin Electric Railway
: Hanshin Namba Line
:: Rapid Express, Semi-Express, Suburban Semi-Express, Local
::: Kujo (HS44) **Dome-mae** (HS33) - Sakuragawa (HS42)

## Other websites
* 
* 
* Dome-mae Chiyozaki Station （Station guide） - Osaka Municipal Subway
* Dome-mae Station (Station guide) - Hanshin Electric Railway
* Kyocera Dome Osaka（Official site） - Osaka City Dome
Meilen

**Meilen** is a city in the Swiss canton of Zurich. It is the capital in the district of Meilen.

## References
## Other websites
* Official Website
Mettmenstetten

**Mettmenstetten** (Swiss German: *Mättmischtette* or *Mättmi*) is a municipality of the district of Affoltern in the canton of Zurich in Switzerland.

## References
## Other websites
* Official Website 
*
Lake Thun

**Lake Thun** () is a  Alpine lake in the Bernese Oberland in Switzerland named by the city of Thun. It is on the northern shore.

The 2,500&nbsp;km² catchment area often causes local flooding after heavy rainfalls. This occurs because the river Aare, which drains Lake Thun, can only hold some of the extra runoff. The lake is fed by water from Lake Brienz to the southeast, which is 6 metres higher than Lake Thun. It is also fed by various streams in the Oberland, including the Kander.

## Other websites
* Lake Thun Tourism Portal
Gerzensee (lake)

**Gerzensee** is a lake in the Canton of Berne, Switzerland. The surface area is .

It gives the name to the village of Gerzensee.

## Other websites
*
Reuss (river)

The **Reuss** is a river in Switzerland. The length is . The drainage basin is . It is the fourth largest river in Switzerland (after the Rhine, Aare and Rhône).

The upper Reuss forms the main valley of the canton of Uri. The course of the lower Reuss runs from Lake Lucerne to where it connects with the Aare at Brugg.

## References
Weil am Rhein

**Weil am Rhein** () is an German town in Lörrach in Baden-Württemberg. It is on the east bank of the river Rhine. It is close to where the Swiss, French and German borders meet.

## References
## Other websites
Auxiliary verb

In English, an **Auxiliary verb** is a verb that changes or helps another verb. Auxiliary means "extra" or "different". Auxiliary verbs like **do** can be used to make a question. These verbs are usually used with other verbs.

## Basic examples
Below are some sentences that use auxiliary verbs from English, Spanish, German, and French, with the auxiliary verb in **bold**:

::a. **Do** you want tea? – *do* is an auxiliary verb that changes the main verb *want* to make a question – see *do*-support.

::b. He **has** given his all. – *has* is an auxiliary used to say the perfect form of *give*.

::c. **He** cogido tu lápiz. – *he* is an auxiliary accompanying the main verb *coger*, used here to make a compound verb, the perfect present of the verb *coger*.
:::(I) have grabbed your pencil = 'I have taken your pencil.'

::d. Das **wurde** mehrmals gesagt. – *wurde* 'became' is an auxiliary used to make the passive voice in German.
:::That became many times said = 'That was said many times.'

::e. Sie **ist** nach Hause gegangen. – *ist* 'is' is an auxiliary used with movement verbs to make the perfect tense in German.
:::She is to home gone = 'She went home/She has gone home.'

::f. J'**ai** vu le soleil. – *ai* 'have' is an auxiliary verb used to make the perfect tense/aspect in French.
:::I have seen the sun = 'I have seen the sun/I saw the sun.'

::f. Nous **sommes** hébergés par un ami. – *sommes* 'are' is an auxiliary verb used to make the passive voice in French.
:::We are hosted by a friend.

These auxiliaries help make a question, show tense, or make passive voice. Auxiliaries like these usually appear with a normal verb that carries the main meaning of that part of the sentence.

## References
Alkmaar

**Alkmaar** is a municipality in North Holland in the Netherlands. In 2019, 108,582 people lived there.

On 1 January 2015, the former municipalities of Graft-De Rijp and Schermer were merged into the municipality of Alkmaar.

## Other websites
*
Neerach

**Neerach** is a municipality in the district Dielsdorf in the canton of Zurich in Switzerland.

## References
Giuliano Sarti

**Giuliano Sarti** (2 October 1933 – 5 June 2017) was an Italian professional football player.

Sarti played in the position of goalkeeper. Throughout his successful career, he played for several Italian clubs, although he is mostly remembered for his success with Fiorentina, and as the goalkeeper of the "Grande Inter" side of the 1960s that conquered both Italy and Europe.

Sarti died in Florence, Italy on 5 June 2017 at the age of 83.

## References
## Other websites
Maur, Switzerland

**Maur** is a municipality in the district of Uster in the Swiss canton of Zurich.

## References
## Other websites
* Official Website of the municipality of Maur
Albisrieden

**Albisrieden** is a quarter in district 9 of the city of Zürich in Switzerland. Until 1934 it was a municipality of its own. It was then incorporated into Zürich.

It has 17,226 people and its area is 4.6&nbsp;km².

## Other websites
Adnan Khashoggi

**Adnan Khashoggi** (, ; 25 July 1935 – 6 June 2017) was a Saudi Arabian international businessman and the uncle of Dodi Fayed, companion of Princess Diana. He was best known for his involvement in international arms trading.

Khashoggi was considered one of the richest men in the world during the 1980s, with a peak estimated net worth of around US$4 billion.

He died on 6 June 2017 at St. Thomas' Hospital in London at the age of 81.

## References
Sandra Reemer

**Barbara Alexandra "Sandra" Reemer** (17 October 1950 – 6 June 2017) was a Dutch Indo singer and TV presenter of Dutch, Chinese and Javanese origian. She was born in Bandung, Java, Indonesia. She has represented the Netherlands in the Eurovision Song Contest on three separate occasions, tying with Corry Brokken for most appearances representing the country.

In 1972, she sang the song "Als het om de liefde gaat" in a duet with Dries Holten, which reached fourth place in the contest.

Sandra Reemer died on 6 June 2017 from breast cancer in Amsterdam, Netherlands at the age of 66.

## References
Vin Garbutt

**Vincent Paul Garbutt** (20 November 1947 – 6 June 2017) was an English folk singer and songwriter.  A significant part of his repertoire consisted of protest songs covering topics such as "the Troubles" in Northern Ireland (*Troubles of Erin*), unemployment, and social issues.

## Death
Garbutt died at a hospital from complications caused by heart surgery on 6 June 2017 at the age of 69.

## Music
**The Valley of Tees* (1972)
**The Young Tin Whistle Pest (live)* (1974)
**King Gooden* (1976)
**Eston California* (1977)
*''Tossin' a Wobbler* (1978)
**Little Innocents* (1983)
**Shy Tot Pommy* (1985) [live - Mount Isa, Queensland, Australia]
**When The Tide Turns*  (1989)
**The By-Pass Syndrome*  (1991)
**Bandalised* (1994)
**Plugged!* (1995)  [live - Red Lion Folk Club, Birmingham, UK.]
**When the Tide Turns Again*  (1998) [reissue of 1989 album with one additional track]
**Word Of Mouth* (1999)
**The Vin Garbutt Songbook Vol 1* (2003)
**Persona ... Grata* (2005)
**Teesside Troubadour documentary & live DVD* (2011)
**Synthetic Hues'' (2014)

## References
## Other websites
*The official Vin Garbutt website
*Vin Garbutt's Myspace Page
Márta Antal-Rudas

**Márta Antal-Rudas** (14 February 1937 – 6 June 2017) was a Hungarian javelin thrower. She competed at the 1960, 1964 and 1968 Olympics and finished in ninth, second and fourth place. She was born in Debrecen, Hungary.

Antal-Rudas died on 6 June 2017 in Budapest, Hungary at the age of 80.

## References
Anupam Sen

**Anupam Sen** (born August 5, 1940) is a Bangladeshi academic and social scientist. Currently, he is serving as Vice-chancellor of Premier University, Chittagong.

He was awarded Ekushey Padak in 2014 by the Government of Bangladesh.

## Published books and research 
* The Social Background of the Bangladesh Movement, Quest(Bombay),September–October,1971.
* The Bureaucracy and Socio-Economic Development in Bangladesh,Bangladesh Journal of Sociology,August 1983.
* Social Change in South Asia, Presidential Address,Third National Conference and International Seminar on Social Change in South Asia,Dhaka: Bangladesh Sociology Association,March 18–20, 1987.
* Modes of Production and Social Formation in India, 2nd article of the book entitled, "Class,State and Development in India" Edited by Berch Berberoglu(Professor,University of Nevada, U.S.A) New Delhi /London - Sage Publications,1992.
* The State, Industrialization and Class Formations in India,London : Routledge and Kegan-Paul, 1982.
* Bangladesh :Rashtra O Samaj, Dhaka :Abosar,1999
* Bangladesh O Bangali, Dhaka :Abosar,2002
* Biloshita Sabdaguchcha (An Anthology of Translated Verses of Eminent Poets from East & West),Dhaka :Abosar,2002
* The Political Economy of Bangladesh (work in progress).

## References
Neftenbach

**Neftenbach** is a municipality in Winterthur in the canton of Zurich in Switzerland.

Football player Manuel Akanji was born here.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Official website of Neftenbach
Guimarães

**Guimarães** is a city in Portugal, in the district of Braga. It has 158,124 people.

## Gallery

Guimaraes-10-Convento de Santa Clara-2011-gje.jpg
Guimaraes-24-Museum-2011-gje.jpg
Guimaraes-29-Christusschrein-2011-gje.jpg
Guimaraes-46-Haus mit Azulejos-2011-gje.jpg
Guimaraes-Castelo-02-1983-gje.jpg
Guimaraes-Castelo-18-Treppe-2011-gje.jpg
Guimaraes-Igreja de Nossa Senhora da Oliveira-02-1983-gje.jpg
Guimaraes-Palast der Herzoege von Braganca-04-Patio-1983-gje.jpg
Kannonkoski

**Kannonkoski** is a municipality in Central Finland. It had about 1,452 people living there in 2016. The municipalities next to it are Karstula, Kivijärvi, Saarijärvi, Viitasaari and Äänekoski.

## Other websites
* The official Kannonkoski page
Niederglatt

**Niederglatt** is a municipality in the district of Dielsdorf in the canton of Zurich in Switzerland.

## Gallery

File:Niederglatt Luftbild.jpg|Niederglatt
File:Niederglatt 064.JPG|Niederglatt
File:Niederglatt poshtoficejo 062.JPG|Postoffice
File:Niederglatt lernejo 090.JPG|School
File:Niederglatt stacidomo 056.JPG|Niederglatt train station
File:Niederglatt restoracio Loewen 071.JPG|Restaurant Löwen
File:Niederglatt preghejo 086.JPG|Church of Niederglatt

## References
## Other websites
* Official Website
Niederhasli

**Niederhasli** is a municipality in the district of Dielsdorf in the canton of Zurich in Switzerland.

## References
Niederweningen

**Niederweningen** is a municipality of the district of Dielsdorf in the Swiss canton of Zurich.

## References
## Other websites
* Official website of the municipality of Niederweningen 
*
2017 Tehran attacks

On 7 June 2017, two attacks were simultaneously carried out against the Iranian parliament and the Mausoleum of Ruhollah Khomeini, leaving 12 people dead and 42 wounded. ISIL claimed responsibility for both attacks. The attacks were the first terrorist attacks in Tehran in more than a decade, and the first major attack in the country since the 2010 Zahedan bombings.

## References
## Other websites
Vinyl group

of a vinyl group, showing the double bond.]]

The **vinyl group**, also called the **ethenyl group**, is a functional group in organic chemistry. It is a molecule of ethylene where one hydrogen atom has been connected to a larger molecule, and has the chemical formula . It is the simplest alkenyl group, or group with a double bond between carbon atoms.

## Naming vinyl compounds 
The vinyl group is not normally found in systematic names, but is used in the common names of many simple vinyl compounds. This is especially common with monomers used to make vinyl polymers, such as vinyl chloride (systematic name chloroethene).

Some compounds that include vinyl in their systematic name are vinyl esters (such as vinyl acetate) and cyclic compounds with vinyl substituents (such as styrene, systematically vinylbenzene). IUPAC prefers the use of "ethenyl" over "vinyl".

## Reactions 
Vinyl groups have the usual chemistry of terminal alkenes. The most important reaction of vinyl compounds is polymerisation to make vinyl polymers.

## Sources
Christopher A. Wray

**Christopher Asher Wray** (born December 17, 1966) is an American lawyer. He was the 8th Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation from August 2, 2017 until January 19, 2025. From 2003 to 2005, he served as Assistant Attorney General in charge of the Criminal Division under the George W. Bush administration. He was previously a litigation partner with the law firm King & Spalding.

In December 2024, Wray announced his resignation as FBI director. He was raised in Andover, Massachusetts. He studied at Yale University.

## Early career
In 2003, President George W. Bush nominated Wray as Assistant Attorney General in charge of the Criminal Division of the Justice Department. Wray was unanimously confirmed by the Senate. Wray was Assistant Attorney General from 2003 to 2005, working under Deputy Attorney General James Comey. While heading the Criminal Division, Wray oversaw prominent fraud investigations, including Enron.

## Director of the FBI (2017&ndash;2025)
On June 7, 2017, President Donald Trump announced his intention to nominate Wray to be Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation. On July 20, 2017, the Senate Judiciary Committee voted unanimously to confirm Wray to be the next director of the FBI. Wray was officially confirmed by the Senate with bipartisan support on August 1, 2017; the vote was 92–5. He was sworn in by Attorney General Jeff Sessions in a private ceremony on August 2.

In the aftermath of the Douglas High School shooting in Parkland on February 14, 2018, it was found out that the FBI ignored a tip that shooter Nikolas Cruz had a desire to "kill people". Florida Governor Rick Scott called for Wray to resign, with the earliest tip received by the FBI dating back to September 2017 in which a YouTube user with the same name commented, "I'm going to be a professional school shooter." 

In December 2020, it was announced that President-elect Joe Biden would keep Wray as FBI director under his administration.

In November 2024, NBC News reported that after Donald Trump was elected to another term, Wray was getting ready for the event Trump fires him. On November 30, 2024, Trump named Kash Patel as his nominee to replace Wray as FBI director.

On December 11, 2024, Wray announced that he would resign as Director of the FBI in January 2025, at the end of the Biden administration.

## Personal life
Wray married Helen Garrison Howell in 1989. They have two children. He is registered as a Republican.

## References
## Other websites
* Department of Justice biography page
*