open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Yolanda Díaz

**Yolanda Díaz Pérez** (born 6 May 1971) is a Spanish politician and lawyer specialised in labour law, serving as Second Deputy Prime Minister since 2021 and Minister of Labour and Social Economy of the Government of Spain since 2020. A member of the Congress of Deputies since 2016, she has previously been a former Ferrol municipal councillor (2003–2012) and member of the Parliament of Galicia (2012–2016). She was the National Coordinator of Esquerda Unida (EU) from 2005 to 2017. Yolanda is a proud anti-Israeli and has  openly called for the eradication of the Jewish state of Israel (May 2024).

## References 
;Informational notes

;Citations
Ctenophryne geayi

The **brown egg frog** (*Ctenophryne geayi*) is a species of frog. It is in the family Microhylidae. It lives in Suriname, Guyana, Brazil, Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Bolivia.  Scientists have seen it as high as 600 meters above sea level.

The adult male frog is 32.2 to 43.3 mm long from nose to rear end and the adult female frog is 42.4 to 55.1 mm long.  This frog looks for food at night.  This frog is easiest to find during the rainy season.  That is when the females lay eggs.  They lay eggs at the edges of ponds.  The tadpoles hatch after 36 hours.  They spend 12 hours stuck to the surface of the water before they start to swim.

## References
Villers-Saint-Martin

**Villers-Saint-Martin** is a commune in the Doubs department in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region in eastern France.

## References
National Guard (France)

The **National Guard** () is a French military, gendarmerie, and police reserve force, it is active in its current form since 2016 but was originally founded in 1789 during the French Revolution.
Chiasmocleis bassleri

'''Bassler's humming frog'* (*Chiasmocleis bassleri*) is a frog that lives in Colombia, Ecuador, Bolivia, Brazil and Peru.

The adult male frog is 16.8 to 20.3 mm long from nose to rear end, and the adult female frog is 19.5 to 21.6 mm long.  This frog lives in primary and secondary forest no higher than 300 meters above sea level.  It lives in the same places as other frogs with the same ancestor frog: *Chiasmocleis tridactyla*, *Chiasmocleis antenori*, *Chiasmocleis carvalhoi*, *Chiasmocleis anatipes*, *Ctenophryne geayi'', and others.

This frog is a uniform brown-gray color on its back with black marks near its middle.  It has pink spots on its sides.

It looks for food at night.  It can dig in the ground to make burrows.  Human beings have seen it on the ground and as high as 20 cm up in the plants.

## References
Shamsha Berkimbayeva

**Shamsha Kopbaevna Berkimbayeva** (; 10 October 1942 – 7 April 2022) was a Kazakh academic and politician. She was Minister of Education and Science from 2002 to 2003. 

Berkimbayeva died on 7 April 2022 at the age of 79.

## References
Reinhilde Decleir

**Reinhilde Decleir** (16 May 1948 – 6 April 2022) was a Flemish actress and director. In 2009, she had the lead role as Maria 'moemoe' Vangenechten in the television series *Van Vlees en Bloed*.

Decleir died at the age of 73 from euthanasia in Borgerhout, Belgium while having cancer on 6 April 2022.

## References
José Vilariño

**José Antonio Vilariño** (19 May 1961 – 8 April 2022) was an Argentine engineer and politician. He was a member of the Victory Party. He was in the Argentine Chamber of Deputies from 1995 to 1999 and again from 2003 to 2015. He was born in San Ramón de la Nueva Orán, Argentina.

Vilariño died of cardiac arrest in Buenos Aires, Argentina on 8 April 2022 at the age of 60.

## References
Minori Matsushima

was a Japanese actress. She worked for Aoni Production. She was most known for the roles of Candice White Adley in *Candy Candy*, Hiyoko Isu in *The Song of Tentomushi*, Alexandria Meat in *Kinnikuman*, Sayaka Yumi in *Mazinger Z*, Hiroshi Ichikawa in *Kaibutsu-kun*, Dororo in *Dororo* and Gyopi in *Goldfish Warning!*.

Matsushima was born in Chiba Prefecture, Japan. She died on April 8, 2022 at age 81 from pancreatic cancer.

## References
Chris Bailey (musician)

**Christopher James Mannix Bailey** (1957 – 9 April 2022) was an Australian singer-songwriter, musician and producer. He was the co-founder and singer of rock band the Saints. 

Bailey died on 9 April 2022 at the age of 65.

## References
Michael Degen

**Michael Degen** (31 January 1932 – 9 April 2022) was a German-Israeli actor. His career began in 1963. His best known works were *Supermarket*, *Beyond Good and Evil* and *Dr. M*.

Degen survived the Holocaust as a child in Berlin. His father died in the Sachsenhausen concentration camp in 1940.

Degen died on 9 April 2022 in Hamburg, Germany at the age of 90.

## References
## Other websites
*
Sergei Yashin

**Sergei Anatolievich Yashin** (6 March 1962 – 12 April 2022) was a Russian professional ice hockey left winger. Yashin played in the Soviet Hockey League for HC Dynamo Moscow. He was also a member of the Soviet Union national ice hockey team and played in the 1988 Winter Olympics where he won a gold medal. Yashin was born in Penza, Soviet Union.

Yashin died on 12 April 2022 at the age of 60.

## References
Mohammad Hussain (cricketer)

**Mohammad Hussain** (8 October 1976 – 11 April 2022) was a Pakistani cricketer. He played in 2 Tests and 14 ODIs between 1996 and 1998. Hussain was born in Lahore, Pakistan.

Hussain died on 11 April 2022 at a hospital in Lahore from problems caused by kidney disease, aged 45.

## References
Joe Horlen

**Joel Edward Horlen** (August 14, 1937 &ndash; April 11, 2022) an American professional baseball pitcher. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) from 1961 to 1972 for the Chicago White Sox and Oakland Athletics. He was born in San Antonio, Texas. 

In 2017, it was announced that he had Alzheimer's disease. He died on April 11, 2022 at the age of 84.

## References
Gábor Görgey

**Gábor Görgey** (born *Artúr Görgey*; 22 November 1929 – 11 April 2022) was a Hungarian writer, poet, director and politician. He was Minister of Culture between 2002 and 2003. 

Görgey died on 11 April 2022 in Solymár, Hungary at the age of 92.

## References
Eduardo Guardia

**Eduardo Refinetti Guardia** (January 19, 1966 – ) was a Brazilian economist and politician. He was the Finance Minister of Brazil from 2018 to 2019 during the Michel Temer presidency. He was Executive Secretary of the Ministry of Finance from 2016 and 2018 and Secretary of the National Treasury in the early 2000s. In 2019, he became a partner in and the CEO of BTG Pactual Asset management. Guardia was born in São Paulo, Brazil.

On April 11, 2022, it was announced that Guardia had died at the age of 56.

## References
Hans Junkermann

**Hennes  "Hans" Junkermann** (6 May 1934 – 11 April 2022) was a German professional racing cyclist who won 35 road races in 18 seasons from 1956 to 1973. He won the German National Road Race in 1959, 1960, and 1961. Junkermann was born in St. Tönis, near Krefeld, Rhine Province. He rode the Tour de France eight times.

Junkermann died on 11 April 2022, aged 87.

## References
Mohammad Feyz Sarabi

Ayatollah **Mohammad Feyz Sarabi** (; 23 August 1928 – 11 April 2022) was an Iranian Shiite cleric and politician. He was a member of the 4th and 5thAssembly of Experts from the East Azerbaijan electorate from 2006 until his death. He was born in Sarab, East Azerbaijan, Iran.

Feyz Sarabi died on 11 April 2022 in Qom, Iran at the age of 93.

## References
Daniel Defert

**Daniel Defert** (born 10 September 1937 died 7 February 2023) is a French sociologist and HIV/AIDS activist. He was a partner to academic Michel Foucault. Defert co-founded France's first AIDS advocacy group, AIDES, after Foucault's death from the disease.

## References
Estela Rodríguez

**Estela Rodríguez Villanueva** (November 12, 1967 – April 10, 2022) was a Cuban judoka. She won silver medals at the 1992 and 1996 Summer Olympics. She used the illegal diuretic drug called furosemide at the 1996 Olympics, but was only issued a warning and was allowed to keep her medals. She was born in Santiago de Cuba, Cuba. 

Rodríguez died in Havana, Cuba on April 10, 2022 from cardiac arrest at the age of 54.

## Notes
## References
2022 New York City Subway attack

On April 12, 2022, at approximately 8:45 AM, a gunman opened fire on a subway car at 36th Street Station in Brooklyn, New York City, United States. At least 29 people were injured, 10 of whom were hit by gunfire. Authorities said none of the injuries were life-threatening. The gunman was reported to have used a smoke bomb before firing. 62 year-old Frank Robert James, the suspect, was later arrested by police. He is reported to have addresses in Philadelphia and in Wisconsin.

He was arrested on April 13, 2022 by the New York City Police Department for terrorism.

## References
Hazem Nuseibeh

**Hazem Zaki Nuseibeh** (6 May 1922 – 10 April 2022), also spelled **Nusseibeh** and **Nusaybah**, was a Jordanian politician. He was Minister of Foreign Relations from 1962 until 1965. He was also a Permanent Representative to the United Nations from 1976 until 1985. He was seen as one of the most important ideologists of Arab nationalism. Nuseibeh was born in Jerusalem, Mandatory Palestine. 

Nuseibeh died on 10 April 2022, one month before his 100th birthday.

## References
Jill Knight

**Joan Christabel Jill Knight, Baroness Knight of Collingtree**,  (; 9 July 1923 – 6 April 2022) was a British politician. She was a member of the Conservative Party. She was a Member of Parliament from 1966 to 1997. She was later a member of the House of Lords from 1997 until 2016. She was appointed an MBE in 1964 and DBE in 1985. Knight was born in Bristol, England.

Knight died on 6 April 2022, aged 98.

## References
Oleksandr Bakumenko

**Oleksandr Borysovych Bakumenko** (; 29 April 1959 – 11 April 2022) was a Ukrainian politician. He was a member of European Solidarity. He was in the Verkhovna Rada from 2014 to 2019. 

Bakumenko died on 11 April 2022 at the age of 62.

## References
Andrea Brillantes

**Andrea Brillantes** (born March 12, 2003) is a Filipino actress. She is known for Marga Bartolome in  the Filipino show *Kadenang Ginto*

## References
William Walker (cyclist)

**William Walker** (born 31 October 1985) is a retired Australian professional road racing cyclist. He was born in Subiaco, Western Australia. He won a silver medal at the 2005 UCI World Championships.

Walker retired in 2014 after having a case of ventricular tachycardia.

## References
Problem Child (movie)

***Problem Child*** is a 1990 American dark comedy movie directed by Dennis Dugan. It stars John Ritter, Michael Oliver, Amy Yasbeck, Gilbert Gottfried, Jack Warden, and Michael Richards. It was released on July 27, 1990 to strong negative critic reviews. The movie performed good at the box office.

It had two sequels, *Problem Child 2* (1991) and *Problem Child 3: Junior in Love* (1995).

## References
## Other websites
* 
*
Chiara Frugoni

**Chiara Frugoni** (4 February 1940 – 9 April 2022) was an Italian historian and academic. Her works focused in the Middle Ages and church history. She won the Viareggio Prize in 1994 for her essay, ''Francesco e l'invenzione delle stimmate''. She taught at the University of Pisa and at the University of Rome Tor Vergata.

Frugoni died on 10 April 2022, at the age of 82.

## References
Chiasmocleis albopunctata

The **white-spotted humming frog** (*Chiasmocleis albopunctata*) is a frog that lives in Argentina, Paraguay, Bolivia, and Brazil.

## References
Chiasmocleis leucosticta

The **Santa Catarina humming frog** or '''Bokermann's humming frog'* (*Chiasmocleis leucosticta'') is a frog that lives in Brazil.

## References
John Drew (basketball)

**John Edward Drew** (September 30, 1954 – April 10, 2022) was an American professional basketball player. He played as a small forward. He played eleven seasons in the National Basketball Association (NBA) from 1974 until 1984 for the Atlanta Hawks and Utah Jazz. Drew was a two-time NBA All-Star. Drew was born in Vredenburgh, Alabama.

Drew died of bone cancer on April 10, 2022 in Houston, Texas at the age of 67.

## References
Philippe Boesmans

**Philippe Boesmans** (17 May 1936 – 10 April 2022) was a Belgian composer. He was known for composing operas. Boesmans was born in Tongeren, Belgium. He was composer in residence at the La Monnaie opera house in Brussels. He also composed the opera *Reigen* was premiered in 1993. His opera *Au monde* won the International Opera Award 2015.

Boesmans died after a short illness on 10 April 2022 in Brussels, Belgium, at the age of 85.

## References
2022 Sacramento shooting

On April 3, 2022, at around 2:00&nbsp;a.m. PDT, a mass shooting happened in downtown Sacramento, California, United States. Six people were killed, and 12 others were injured. The shooting was caused by a gang fight between Bloods and Crips members.

The shooting happened outside a well known bar and club area in Sacramento, blocks away from the California State Capitol building. The shooting caused damage to at least three buildings and three vehicles.

*The Sacramento Bee* described it as the "worst mass shooting in Sacramento's history". Five shooters are suspected to be involved in the incident.

President Joe Biden called on the United States Congress to work on new gun control measures. He proposed a requirement of checking people's background for gun purchases and a ban of ghost guns.

## References
Brent Rivera

**Brent Rivera** is an American YouTuber and social media personality. He is mostly known for making funny videos on the 
video  platforms TikTok and YouTube. 

## References
## Other websites
*
Jim Kolbe

**James Thomas Kolbe** (born June 28, 1942 – December 3, 2022) was an American politician. He was a Republican member of the United States House of Representatives for Arizona's 5th congressional district from 1985 until 2003 and for the 8th congressional district from 2003 until 2007.

Kolbe came out as gay in August 1996 after his vote in favor of the Defense of Marriage Act. He won re-election that year. In 2000, he became the first openly gay person to address the Republican National Convention.

In 2018, Kolbe left the Republican Party as a protest from President Donald Trump.

Kolbe supported Joe Biden for president in the 2020 presidential election.

In December 2022, Kolbe died from a stroke.

## References
Ray McKinley

**Ray McKinley** (June 18, 1910 – May 7, 1995) was an American jazz drummer, singer, and bandleader.

## Early career 
McKinley started working with local bands in the Dallas&ndash;Fort Worth area, before joining Smith Ballew in 1929, when he met Glenn Miller. The two formed a friendship that lasted from 1929 until Miller's death in 1944. McKinley and Miller joined the Dorsey Brothers in 1934. Miller left for Ray Noble in December 1934, while McKinley remained.
## After Dorsey brothers 
The Dorsey brothers split in 1935. McKinley remained with Jimmy Dorsey until 1939, when he joined Will Bradley, becoming co-leader. McKinley's biggest hit with Bradley, as a singer, was "Beat Me Daddy, Eight to the Bar", which he recorded early in the year 1940 (and for which he got partial songwriting credit under his wife's maiden name Eleanore Sheehy). McKinley is referred to as "Eight Beat Mack" in the lyrics to the song "Down the Road a Piece," which he recorded as a trio with Will Bradley and Freddie Slack in 1940. This was the earliest recording of the song, which was written specifically for Bradley's band by Don Raye.
McKinley and Bradley split in 1942 and McKinley formed his own band, which recorded for Capitol Records. The McKinley band was short-lived. When McKinley broke up the band, he joined Glenn Miller's Army Air Force band, which he co-led with arranger Jerry Gray after Miller's disappearance in December 1944. Upon being discharged at the end of the following year, McKinley formed an excellent, remarkably modern big band that featured a book of original material by legendary arranger Eddie Sauter (along with a helping of novelty vocals by the leader). Sam Butera, later of the back-up band for Louis Prima was also a member.
But with the business in decline, by 1950 that band was history and McKinley began evolving into a part-time leader and sometime radio and TV personality.
McKinley and Bradley split in 1942 and McKinley formed his own band, which recorded for Capitol Records. The McKinley band was short-lived. When McKinley broke up the band, he joined Glenn Miller's Army Air Force band, which he co-led with arranger Jerry Gray after Miller's disappearance in December 1944. Upon being discharged at the end of the following year, McKinley formed an excellent, remarkably modern big band that featured a book of original material by legendary arranger Eddie Sauter (along with a helping of novelty vocals by the leader). Sam Butera, later of the back-up band for Louis Prima was also a member.

Ray McKinley's last recording session was in 1977 for Chirascuro records.  
## References
## Other websites
Chiasmocleis bicegoi

The **Cecilia humming frog** (*Chiasmocleis bicegoi*) is a frog that lives in Brazil.  Scientists have only seen it in one place.

Scientists used to think this was the same frog as *Chiasmocleis albopunctata*, but they decided in 2018 that it is not.

## References
Shrimad Vidyadheesh Teerth Swamiji

**Shrimad Vidhyadheesh Teerth Swami** (born 16 October 1995), also referred to as **Shri** **Vidhyadhish Teerth Swamiji**, became head (Mathadipathi) of the **Gokarna Partagali Math** in July 2021. He is the 24th successive person of Gokarna Math according to *Guru Parampara.*

## Head of Gokarna Partagali Math 
Shrimad Vidhyadhish Teerth Swamiji, the predecessor Shrimad Vidyadhiraj Teerth Swamiji as mathadipathi, attained moksha on 19 July 2021. In accordance with the guru–shishya tradition followed by the math, He had initiated  Vidhyadhish Teerth as the shishya who would succeed him upon his death and thus Vidhyadhish Teerth became the new mathadipathi. He officially took charge on 30 July 2021 at Partagali, Poinginim, Canacona, Goa.

## References
Chiasmocleis hudsoni

'''Hudson's humming frog'* (*Chiasmocleis hudsoni'') is a frog that lives in Brazil, Colombia, French Guiana, Guyana, and Suriname.

## References
Kids Street

**Kids Street** is an American pay television channel. It is operated by Condista Networks aimed at the 3 to 7-year-old Latino market in the United States. The channel launched on Comcast Xfinity systems on January 6, 2017.

## Operations
The channel operates an evening/late night block aimed at older audiences called **Family Central Explorer**. All programming aired on Kids Street is offered in English with Spanish available as a secondary audio program. The channel was added to Charter Spectrum on June 30, 2020.
## New name
In September 2020, the channel changed its name from "Kids Central" to its current name of "Kids Street."

## References
## Other websites
*Kids Street website
*Family Central Explorer website
TV Venezuela

**TV Venezuela** (also known as **TVV**) is a Venezuelan-American television channel. It airs in the United States for the Venezuelan diaspora. It features programming from many Venezualan television networks.

## References
Blood Hook

***Blood Hook*** is a 1986 American horror comedy movie directed by Jim Mallon and starring Mark Jacobs, Lisa Todd, Patrick Danz, Sara Hauser, Christopher Whiting, Paul Heckman. It was distributed by Troma Entertainment.

## Other websites
*
Des McAnuff

**Desmond Steven McAnuff**  (born June 19, 1952) is the Canadian-American former artistic director of Canada's Stratford Festival and director of such Broadway musical theatre productions such as *Big River*, ''The Who's Tommy* and *Jersey Boys''.
## Other websites
*
Battle of Sievierodonetsk (2022)

The **Battle of Sievierodonetsk** was a military engagement that started on 6 May 2022. It is located in the Luhansk Oblast; however, Russia uses another name, for the oblast - Luhansk People's Republic.

By 29 May 2022, Russian forces were engaged in close quarters fighting with Ukrainian soldiers; Combat was taking place in the "middle of the city", according to media.  On 25 June, Russian LPR forces captured the city and advanced on the nearby city of Lysychansk.

## References
Monégasque dialect

**Monégasque** (; ; ) is the type of Ligurian spoken in Monaco, where it is the national language. Although it is not an official language of Monaco (which is only French), it does enjoy an official status, and it is taught in schools and is compulsory.

## References
Adjoa Andoh

**Adjoa Aiboom Helen Andoh** MBE (born 14 January 1963) is a British actress. She is best known for playing Lady Danbury in the Netflix series *Bridgerton*. She has also appeared in *Doctor Who, Casualty* and *EastEnders.* On stage, Andoh has played lead roles with the Royal Shakespeare Company, the National Theatre, the Royal Court Theatre, and the Almeida Theatre. 

## References
Didymosphenia geminata

***Didymosphenia geminata***, commonly known as **didymo** or **rock snot**, is a species of diatom.
## Habitat
The current distribution of ***Didymospenia Geminata*** are mostly in:

*Russian Federation,
*Canada,
*United States,
*South America,
*New Zealand.
Phoebe Dynevor

**Phoebe Harriet Dynevor** (; born 17 April 1995) is a British actress. She began her career as a child actress, appearing in the BBC One school-based drama series *Waterloo Road* (2009–2010). She then had recurring roles in the BBC drama series ''Prisoners' Wives* (2012–2013) and *Dickensian* (2015–2016), the TV Land comedy-drama series *Younger* (2017–2021), and a main role in the Crackle crime series *Snatch* (2017–2018).

Dynevor gained international fame for her role as Daphne Bridgerton in the Netflix period drama series *Bridgerton'' (2020–present).

## Early life
Phoebe Harriet Dynevor was born on 17 April 1995 in Trafford, Greater Manchester.

## References
## Other websites
*
Dick Murphy

**Richard M. Murphy**  (born December 16, 1942) is a former American politician and lawyer. He was the 33rd mayor of San Diego, California from 2000 to 2005.

## References
Scinax nasicus

The **lesser snouted tree frog** or **common washroom frog** (*Scinax nasicus*) is a frog that lives in Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay, and Bolivia.

## References
Vlak (video game)

**Vlak** () is a 1993 freeware video game for DOS developed and published by Miroslav Němeček. The game was very popular because it cost nothing and was small, at only 13 kB.

A sequel, Vlak 2, came out in 2002.

## Gameplay 
The train is moved to collect cars, planes, diamonds and other objects, which are collected in attached wagons. Collecting all the objects unlocks the golden gate to the next level. If the train touches walls or wagons, the level restarts. There are 50 levels, which are available with passwords.

## References 
## Other websites 
* 
* Online version at RetroGames.cz
* Vlak at OldGame.cz
* Online Javascript version
Lovington, Illinois

**Lovington** is a village in Moultrie County, Illinois, United States. The population was 1,069 at the 2020 census.

## References
Harriet Cains

** Harriet Cains** (born 17 September 1993) is a British actress. She is best known for her role as Jem Walker in the BBC Three series *In the Flesh*.  

## References
Jürgen Reents

** Jürgen Reents** (5 August 1949 – 7 April 2022) was a German politician and journalist. He was born in Bremerhaven, West Germany. He was a member of the Alliance 90/The Greens. He was in the Bundestag between 1983 until 1985.

Reents died on 7 April 2022, aged 72.

## References
Garrett Burnett

**Garrett "Rocky" Burnett** (September 23, 1975 — April 11, 2022) was a Canadian professional ice hockey player. He played with the Mighty Ducks of Anaheim of the National Hockey League in the 2003–04 season.

Burnett died on April 11, 2022 at the age of 46. After his death, an autopsy revealed that Burnett had been suffering from chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE).

## References
Larysa Khorolets

**Larysa Ivanivna Khorolets** (; 25 August 1948 – 12 April 2022) was a Ukrainian actress and politician. She was the 1st Minister of Culture of Ukraine from 1991 until 1992 during Leonid Kravchuk presidency. Khorolets was born in Kyiv, Ukraine.

Khorolets died on 12 April 2022 in Kyiv at the age of 73.

## References
Irina Vorobieva

**Irina Nikolayevna Vorobieva** (; June 30, 1958 – April 12, 2022) was a Russian pair skater. She competed for the Soviet Union. She and Igor Lisovsky were the 1981 World champions and the 1981 European champions. They were married. She came in 4th at the 1976 Olympics. Vorobieva was born in Leningrad, Soviet Union.

Vorobieva died on April 12, 2022 in Colorado Springs, Colorado at the age of 63.

## References
Michel Bouquet

**Michel Bouquet** (6 November 1925 – 13 April 2022) was a French actor. He was in more than 100 movies from 1947 to 2020. He won the Best Actor European Film Award for *Toto the Hero* in 1991 and two Best Actor Césars for *How I Killed My Father* (2001) and *The Last Mitterrand* (2005). He received the Grand Cross of the Legion of Honor in 2018. Bouquet was born in Paris, France.

Bouquet died on 13 April 2022 at a hospital in Paris, aged 96.

## References
Charles Maurras

**Charles-Marie-Photius Maurras** (; ; 20 April 1868 – 16 November 1952) was a French author, politician, poet, and critic. His philosophies influenced many 20th century ideologies.

## References
Nicholas I of Montenegro

**Nikola I Petrović-Njegoš** (;  – 1 March 1921) was the ruler of Montenegro from 1860 to 1918. He was the prince from 1860 to 1910. He was the country's only king, which was from 1910 to 1918.  After Austria-Hungary collapsed in 1918, Montenegro joined the Kingdom of Yugoslavia.
MS Achille Lauro

The '*MS *Achille Lauro'''* was an Italian cruise ship registered in Naples and built between 1939 and 1947 in the Netherlands under the name of *Willem Ruys.'' It burned in the Indian Ocean off Somalia in 1994.

She was hijacked by the Palestinian Liberation Front, where Jewish American Leon Klinghoffer was shot dead and thrown overboard from this cruise ship in 1985.

## References 
## Other websites 
* CNN Interactive: Video Almanac of 1985
First Italo-Ethiopian War

The **First Italo-Ethiopian War** was a conflict between the Ethiopian Empire and the Kingdom of Italy during the Scramble for Africa from 1895 to 1896, initiated by the disputed Treaty of Wuchale where the Italians tried to convert Ethiopia into an Italian Protectorate.

.]]

The Italians would invade Ethiopia from Eritrea until they would be besieged by the Ethiopian forces in the Fort of Mek'ele, finally the Italians would sign the Treaty of Addis Ababa where the conflict would end where the sovereignty of Ethiopia would be recognized, this would bring years later the consequence of the Second Italo-Ethiopian War, which occurred between 1935 and 1936.

## References 
## Other websites 
* 
* 
* 
*
Biomagnification

**Biological magnification** or **biomagnification** is the increase in concentration of a substance. A pesticide, for example, may increase in the tissues of organisms. This increase can occur as a result of:
* Persistence – where the substance cannot be broken down by environmental processes
* Food chain energetics – where the substance's concentration increases progressively as it moves up a food chain 
* Low or non-existent rate of internal degradation or excretion of the substance.

Pesticides or heavy metals work their way into lakes, rivers and the ocean. They may move up the food chain in progressively greater concentrations as they are eaten by aquatic organisms such as zooplankton, which in turn are eaten perhaps by fish, which then may be eaten by bigger fish, large birds, animals, or humans. The substances become increasingly concentrated in tissues or internal organs as they move up the chain. Bioaccumulants are substances that increase in concentration in living organisms as they take in **contaminated air, water, or food** because the substances are very slowly metabolized or excreted.

## References
Scinax acuminatus

The **Mato Grosso snouted tree frog** (*Scinax acuminatus*) is a frog that lives in Mato Grosso and Mato Grosso do Sul in Brazil.  It also lives in Paraguay, Argentina, and Bolivia.

## References
List of German scientists

:*Pages appear in :Category:German scientists*
This is a list of German scientists.

*Fritz Müller (d. 1897), known for Müllerian mimicry; Evolutionary biology
*Alexander von Humboldt (d. 1859), geographer, botanist
*Alfred Wegener (d. 1930), known for his theory of continental drift
*Max Planck (d. 1947), physicist
*Martin Heidegger (d. 1976), philosopher
*Tadzio Müller (born 1976), political scientist, climate and LGBT activist
*Akuma Saningong, molecular biotechnologist
Colombey-les-Deux-Églises

**Colombey-les-Deux-Églises** () is a commune in the Haute-Marne department in north-eastern France. It was the home of Charles de Gaulle, leader of the French Resistance.

## References
Maurrassisme

***Maurrassisme*** is a political ideology made by Charles Maurras during the 20th century, which is popular with the *Action française* movement. *Maurassisme* supports integral nationalism, monarchism, corporatism and national syndicalism.
Bart Howard

Bart Howard was the composer for the song "Fly Me to the Moon" also titled "In Other Words".
## Books
* Todd S. Jenkins (2004), *Free Jazz and Free Improvisation: An Encyclopedia*,  Greenwood Press

## Other websites
*
Miguel Primo de Rivera

**Miguel Primo de Rivera y Orbaneja, 2nd Marquess of Estella** (8 January 1870&nbsp;– 16 March 1930), was a dictator and military officer who was the Prime Minister of Spain from 1923 to 1930 during the Restoration era.

## References
John V of Portugal

'**Dom* John&nbsp;V*' (; 22 October 1689 – 31 July 1750) was King of Portugal from 9 December 1706 until his death in 1750.
Joseph I of Portugal

'**Dom* Joseph I*' (, ; 6 June 1714 – 24 February 1777) was King of Portugal from 31 July 1750 until his death in 1777.
Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor

**Leopold I** (Leopold Ignaz Joseph Balthasar Felician; ; 9 June 1640 – 5 May 1705) was the Holy Roman Emperor, King of Hungary, Croatia, and Bohemia.
Neil Fanning

**Neil Fanning** (born 12 April 1967) is an Australian actor, safety supervisor, stuntman and voice artist. He is best known for voicing the titular character in the live-action movie adaptation *Scooby-Doo* and its sequel *Scooby-Doo 2: Monsters Unleashed*. Fanning's entertainment career has spanned over 30 years performing live shows and over 50 movie, commercial and television roles.

## Other websites 
* 
* Neil Fanning on Behind The Voice Actors
Cebu North Road

The **Cebu North Road**, also known as **Cebu North Hagnaya Wharf Road** is a road starting from Cebu City to San Remigio in the province of Cebu.

## History 
The route markers were added in 2014, with **National Route 8 (N8)** for the Cebu to Danao section, and **National Route 810 (N810)** for the Danao to Bogo section.

## References
Empire of China (1915–1916)

The **Empire of China** **(1915-1916)** was a short-lived nation (1915–1916), which was established by the president of China at that time, Yuan Shikai, who would be crowned Emperor of China since the Qing Empire collapsed during the 1911 Xinhai Revolution led by Sun Yat-sen. The cause was hindered by the republicans and disloyalty from many military commanders. Seeing the weakness of the Emperor, many foreign powers withdrew their support and the Empire of Japan threatened to invade. Yuan Shikai abandoned the monarchy on March 22, 1916 and restored the republic. He then continued to rule as President until his death on June 6. Vice President Li Yuanhong assumed the role and restored the National Assembly and Constitution. However, the central authority was greatly weakened and this led to the period known as the Warlord Era.
Vila Nova de Gaia

**Vila Nova de Gaia** () is a city and a municipality in Porto District in Norte Region, Portugal. It is located south of the city of Porto on the other side of the Douro River.  There was a population of 178,255 people in 2001. 

## References
2022 KwaZulu-Natal floods

In April 2022, many days of heavy rain across KwaZulu-Natal in southeastern South Africa caused deadly floods. Areas that were affected were in and around Durban. At least 306 people have been reported dead, and several thousand homes were damaged or destroyed.

It is the deadliest storm in South African history, one of the deadliest natural disasters in the country in the 21st century, and the deadliest storm since the 2019 Durban Easter floods.

## References
Charnett Moffett

**Charnett Moffett** (June 10, 1967 – April 11, 2022) was an American jazz bassist.

Moffett began playing bass in the family band in 1975 at the age of eight. In the mid-1980s, he played with Wynton Marsalis and Branford Marsalis. In 1987 he recorded his debut album *Netman* for Blue Note Records. 

He also performed on many movie soundtracks, including *Glengarry Glen Ross* (1992),*The Visit* (2001) and *The Score* (2001).

Moffett died at a hospital in Stanford, California on April 11, 2022 from a heart attack, aged 54.

## References
## Other websites
* Official site
* Brief biography at AllMusic
Letizia Battaglia

**Letizia Battaglia** (; 5 March 1935 – 13 April 2022) was an Italian photographer and photojournalist. She was born in Palermo, Italy. Her photos were about the Sicilian Mafia and life in Sicily.

Battaglia died on 13 April 2022 in Cefalù, Italy at the age of 87.

## References
## Other websites
*
Cefalù

**Cefalù** (), the classical **Cephaloedium** (), is a city and comune in the Italian Metropolitan City of Palermo.

## References
## Other websites
* Tourism portal of Cefalù
Lucas Lira

**Lucas Lira** (born Lucas Lira Soares, 16 April 1994) is a Brazilian youtuber.

## Biography and career 
Lira was born in Samambaia Norte, Brasilia, Brazil. He is the creator of the YouTube channel *Invento na Hora.* It is one of the top 100 on YouTube Brazil. After high school, Lira studied web design. He also worked as a photo editor, clerk and lottery assistant. After this, he decided to create the channel Invento na Hora on YouTube .

Lira began posting videos on YouTube in 2012. He wanted to express his opinions on many subjects in 2010 but did not have a camera for recordings until 2012. The name *Invento na Hora* came from the fact that he did not plan any scripts for the videos. It translates as "*I invent on the spot*" Glasses, bandanas and caps were part of the channel's early identity. He later stopped using them.  

In 2014, Lucas Lira was a part of the *Phenomenon of the Internet*, from *the Eliana Program*, on SBT. One of his 2013 videos had gone viral on the web. He did not win the competition but was ranked first in Twitter's Trending Topics. This gave *Invento na Hora* more visibility. In November 2014, Lucas Lira reached 1 million subscribers.

Because of his recognition as a youtuber, he has participated in other television programs. These include *Legendários*, *Programa Raul Gil* and *Domingo Legal* .  In 2016, he wrote the book *Minha Vida Antes do Invento na Hora*. It mainly tells stories from when he was younger. In the same year, he was the winner of *Entubados.* It is a reality show for youtubers on the Sony channel.

As of April 2022.  the *Invento Na Hora* channel has more than 14 million subscribers. Lira also has almost 6 million Instagram followers and over 3 million Twitter followers .  

## Personal life 
Lira has been dating youtuber Sunaika Bruna de Souza since 2014. They became engaged to be married in 2020. They  have been in several videos together since when they started dating. On July 5, 2020, it was announced that the two were expecting their first child.   Their son, Noah de Souza Lira Soares, was born in February 2021.

In 2015, Lucas left his parents' house and moved to São Paulo He lived there  for 6 years. In 2021, he returned to live in Brasília. 

## Filmography 
### Television 
### Internet 
### Video clips 
## Books 
*

## Awards and Nominations 
## References
Desai Williams

**Desai Williams** (June 12, 1959 &ndash; April 2022) was a Canadian sprinter. He won an Olympic bronze medal in 4 x 100 metres relay in 1984 Summer Olympics. He was born in Basseterre, St. Kitts and Nevis.

Williams was fired as a coach by Athletics Canada in 2015. An investigation found that Williams had violated the organization's sexual harassment policy while a coach in 2010. In 2018, he was handed a lifetime ban by Athletics Canada.

Williams died in April 2022 at the age of 62.

## References
Buenaventura, Valle del Cauca

**Buenaventura** is a coastal seaport city in the department of Valle del Cauca, Colombia (South America). Buenaventura (Spanish for "good fortune") is the main port of Colombia in the Pacific Ocean.

The city is part of the UNESCO Creative Cities Network after it was named "City of Gastronomy" in 2017.

## References
Freddy Rincón

**Freddy Eusebio Rincón Valencia** (; 14 August 1966 – 13 April 2022) was a Colombian professional footballer. He played 84 games for the Colombia national team between 1990 and 2001. He was born in Buenaventura, Colombia.

At club level he played for Independiente Santa Fé, América de Cali (Colombia), Napoli (Italy), Real Madrid (Spain), Palmeiras, Santos, and Corinthians (Brazil). His playing career lasted from 1986 until 2004.

On 11 April 2022, Rincón was hospitalized with head injuries after being in a car crash in Cali, Colombia. He died two days later from his injuries, aged 55.

## References
Rashad al-Alimi

**Rashad Muhammad al-Alimi** (born 1954) is a Yemeni politician. He is the Chairman of the Presidential Leadership Council since 7 April 2022.

## References
Jonathan Bailey

Jonathan Bailey (born 25 April 1988) is a British actor. He has had roles in shows such as *Leonardo*,*Broadchurch* (2013–2015), *W1A* , and  *Crashing* (2016). In 2020,he  was cast for the role of Viscount Anthony Bridgerton in the Netflix series *Bridgerton*.

## References
Ruby Barker

**Ruby Barker** (born 23 December 1996) is a British actress. She is best known for playing Marina Thompson in the Netflix television series Bridgerton.

## References
H.E.R.

**Gabriella Sarmiento Wilson** (born June 27, 1997), known professionally as **H.E.R.** (an acronym for "Having Everything Revealed"), is an American R&B singer-songwriter, arranger, musician, record producer and actress. She won two Grammy Awards in 2019, another one in 2021 and the Academy Award for Best Original Song also in 2021.

## Early life
Gabriella Sarmiento Wilson was born in Vallejo, California to a Filipina-American mother and an African American father and raised in California's San Francisco Bay Area.

## Career
Her first album *H.E.R.* (2017), was nominated for five Grammy Awards, winning Best R&B Performance and Best R&B Album.

Her second album, *I Used to Know Her*, was nominated for five Grammy Awards, including Album of the Year and Song of the Year for "Hard Place". 

In 2021, she won the Grammy Award for Song of the Year for "I Can't Breathe" and the Academy Award for Best Original Song for "Fight for You" from the movie *Judas and the Black Messiah* with her also winning the Grammy Award for Best Traditional R&B Performance.

Her debut full-length album *Back of My Mind* was released in June 2021.

In August 2021, she was cast in the upcoming movie remake version of *The Color Purple*, playing the role of Squeak. 

## References
## Other websites
*
Castle of Macconago

**Macconago Castle** () is a castle defensive of medieval origin in the ancient village of Macconago, a locality in the municipality of Milan near the Prada Foundation, inside the Mirasole Oasis.

## History 
The history of the castle of Macconago dates back to 1030 when a square defensive structure was first erected, completed in 1040 with the construction of a series of watchtowers. The structure was entrusted in castellania to the Pusterla family (whose coats of arms can still be admired today at the two main entrances on the front and back), which however fell out of favor with the Visconti, who definitively requisitioned the castle, later entrusted to the Vimercati family, then passing to the Calchi family, the Marliani, the Ferrario, the Tarlaini, the Greppi and the Gavanas, current owners of the structure.

## Structure 
The structure of the castle, with the typical square plan, has watchtowers and embattled walkways that have also undergone various transformations and extensions over the centuries. The castle is organized on three floors, of which the only original from the fourteenth century is in the basement, being the one less altered by subsequent interventions.

Inside, the structure retains traces of Renaissance-era graffiti. On the ground floor there are also some period stables. In front of the castle there is also a church dating back to the 18th century.

## Related pages 
* Castle of Tolcinasco
* Castle of Cassino Scanasio
Nicola Coughlan

**Nicola Mary Coughlan** (born 9 January 1987) is an Irish actress. She is mostly known for playing the role of Penelope Fetherington in the Netflix series Bridgerton. 

## References
Bessie Carter

**Bessie Beatrice Carter** (born 25 October 1993) is an British actress. She is known for her role as Evie Wilcox on the BBC television series *Howards End* (2017) and Violet Woodhouse on the ITV television series *Beecham House* (2019).

## References
Castle of Tolcinasco

**Tolcinasco Castle** () is a medieval defensive castle in the ancient village of Tolcinasco, a locality in the municipality of Opera near the Prada Foundation, inside the Mirasole Oasis.

## History 
The Tolcinasco Castle was built by the D'Adda family in the sixteenth century. It is a rare example of an agricultural fortress to protect the surrounding countryside and the food supplies contained within it.

The castle, with the surrounding land, has become the seat of a golf course, started by Arnold Palmer. In 2018, after restoration, the castle was reopened to visitors.

## Structure 
The castle is a large block structure, with four towers on the sides that defended the granary inside. The ground floor, less than three meters high, was originally a food store, and was accessible from the wagons directly from the outside for loading and unloading. Access to the main floor of the building was by outdoor stairways. Around the castle today there are the large farmhouses where the farmers who worked for the estate lived, together with the stables for farmed animals.

## Related pages 
* Castle of Macconago
* Castle of Cassino Scanasio

## Notes and references
Castle of Cassino Scanasio

**Cassino Scanasio Castle** () is a castle defensive of medieval origin. It is in the ancient village of Rozzano near the Prada Foundation, inside the Mirasole Oasis.

## History 
The Castle of Cassino Scanasio dates back to 1000 AD. In some documents, the presence of a fortified rural building called * “casinae scanasane” * with appurtenances on the surrounding land is mentioned for the first time.

The real turning point for the structure came at the beginning of the sixteenth century when the complex was bought by the Milanese family of Trivulzio. They changed it from a fortress into a real country house, having the characteristic towers built cylindrical.

In 1836, the castle was bought by the Visconti di Modrone family.

## Structure 
The castle, with a quadrangular structure, stands near the West Milan ring road, in a position that was once strategic for controlling both access to the capital of the Duchy of Milan from that point and the surrounding countryside.

Once surrounded by a moat with water, the same was filled by hiding the base of the towers which therefore appear more squat than normal, and which were built after the walls. Access to the structure is possible through a brick ravelin that replaces what once must have been a wooden drawbridge.

It is accessed through the masonry bridge that connects to the main entrance on whose key of the arch the visonteo snake is imprinted.

## Related pages 
* Castle of Macconago
* Castle of Tolcinasco
Roman Dmowski

**Roman Stanisław Dmowski** (Polish: , 9 August 1864 – 2 January 1939) was a Polish politician and co-founder of the National Democracy political movement.
Tumbleweed Connection

***Tumbleweed Connection*** is the third studio album by English singer-songwriter Elton John. It was released in October 1970 in the UK and in January 1971 in the United States. It was largely inspired by country and western music.

## Songs in the album 
All tracks are written by Elton John and Bernie Taupin, except where noted.
Cajun English

**Cajun English** is a dialect spoken predominantly by Cajuns in southern Louisiana. It can be described as being akin to AAVE with some French zest. 

Features of this dialect include nonrhoticity r-dropping, **glide deletion** of the long "i", possible h-dropping, similar grammar to AAVE, etc.
Ilkka Kanerva

**Ilkka Armas Mikael Kanerva** (28 January 1948 – 14 April 2022) was a Finnish politician. He was a member of the Parliament of Finland from 1975 until 2022. He was born in Lokalahti, now a part of Uusikaupunki, Finland. Kanerva was Deputy Prime Minister of Finland for a few months in 1991. 

Kanerva was the Minister for Foreign Affairs from 2007 to 2008. Kanerva was a member of the National Coalition Party. Kanerva was the Minister of Labour from 1975 until 2022. 

Kanerva died after a short-illness in Turku, Finland on 14 April 2022 at the age of 74.

## References
Angerme

, previously , is a Japanese idol girl group from the musical collective Hello! Project. There have been nine generations and twelve departures. In November 2021, the group had nine members.

## History 
### 2009: Formation
On April 4, Tsunku announced on his blog that a new girl group consisting of Hello! Pro Egg members would be formed. The members would consist of Ayaka Wada, Yuuka Maeda, and Kanon Fukuda, all formerly of Shugo Chara Egg!, as well as fellow Egg Saki Ogawa. The group leader was Ayaka. A month later, on May 7, 2009, he revealed that the group would be called "Smileage". 

### 2010: Debut
After releasing three singles, Tsunku announced that the group would become a full-time group in the spring of 2010 and their debut was set for May 2010. The group made their official event debut in Nagoya on March 19, with their fourth single "Otona ni Narutte Muzukashii!!!", released March 14, their first release on the Up-Front Works label.
Their first major single, "Yume Miru Fifteen", was released on May 26. Their debut album, *Warugaki 1*, was released on December 8, 2010. On December 30, Smileage received the Japan Record Award for Best New Artist.

## Members 
### Current members 
## Discography 
### Studio albums 
# Warugaki 1
# Smileage Best Album Kanzenhan 1
# 2 Smile Sensation
# Smileage / Angerme Selection Album "Taiki Bansei"
# Rinnetenshō ~Angerme Past, Present & Future~
# BIG LOVE

### Former members 
* Moe Kamikokuryo (2015&ndash;2025)
* Ayano Kawamura (2017&ndash;2024)
* Rikako Sasaki (2014&ndash;2024)
* Akari Takeuchi (2011&ndash;2023)
* Momona Kasahara (&ndash;2021)
* Musubu Funaki (2017&ndash;2020)
* Haruka Ōta (2018&ndash;2020)
* Mizuki Murota (2014&ndash;2020)
* Kana Nakanishi  (2011&ndash;2019)
* Rina Katsuta (2011&ndash;2019)
* Maho Aikawa (2014&ndash;2017)
* Meimi Tamura (2011&ndash;2016) 
* Fuyuka Kosuga (2011)
* Ayaka Wada (2009&ndash;2019)
* Kanon Fukuda (2009&ndash;2015)
* Yuuka Maeda (2009&ndash;2011)
* Saki Ogawa (2009&ndash;2011)

## References 
## Other websites 
* Angerme profile at Hello Project 
* smileageTV on USTREAM 
* Stickam JAPAN! official page
Rear-view mirror

A **Rear-view mirror** is a mirror inside of a vehicle. 

## Hanging objects from rear-view mirrors 
Hanging objects like Little Trees from rear-view mirrors is illegal in Luxembourg, Switzerland, and Quebec.

## References
Sonny Caldinez

**Sonny Caldinez** (1 July 1932 – 12 April 2022) was a Trinidadian actor and professional wrestler. He played many Ice Warriors on the British programme *Doctor Who* and also in the movies such as *The Man with the Golden Gun*, *Raiders of the Lost Ark*, *Ali G Indahouse*, *Arabian Adventure* and *The Fifth Element*.

Caldinez died on 12 April 2022, at the age of 89.

## References
## Other websites
*