open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Cust, New Zealand

**Cust** is a rural village in the Waimakariri District, New Zealand. It was named after Sir Edward Cust. It is located 16 kilometers east of Oxford and 17 kilometers west of Rangiora. It has a primary school in the village.

## References
Moldova (disambiguation)

**Moldova**, officially the Republic of Moldova, is a country in southeastern Europe.

**Moldova** or **Moldavia** may also refer to:

## Places
### Historical
* Moldavia, a geographic and historical region, and old principality in Eastern Europe (1346–1859)
* Western Romania, one of the four historical regions in Romania
* Moldavian Democratic Republic, a short-lived state (1917–1918)
* Moldavian ASSR, an autonomous Soviet republic within Ukrainian SSR (1924–1940)
* Moldavian SSR, a republic of the Soviet Union (1940–1941 / 1944–1991)

### Other places
* Moldova Nouă, a town in Caraș-Severin County, Romania
* Moldova, Estonia, a village in Lüganuse Parish, Ida-Viru County, Estonia
* Moldova (river), a river in eastern Romania

## Ships
* RMS *Moldavia*, British steam ship, as HMS *Moldavia* sunk during World War I 
* MV *Anne Scan*, a Slovenian-built cargo ship also known as *Moldavia*

## Other uses
* *Moldova* (newspaper), a Romanian newspaper in the 1930s
* 2419 Moldavia, an asteroid discovered in 1974
Western Moldavia

**Moldavia** (), also called **Romanian Moldavia** or **Western Moldavia**, is the main historic and geographical part of the old Principality of Moldavia. It is in eastern and north-eastern Romania. Romanian Moldavia is made up of eight counties. This covers over 18% of Romania's territory. Six out of the 8 counties make up Romania's Nord-Est development region. The two southern counties are in Romania's Sud-Est development region. It makes up around 48.67% of full Moldavia.

## Related pages
* Principality of Moldavia
* Historical regions of Romania
* Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic
Young Blood (The Coasters song)

"**Young Blood**" is a 1957 song by The Coasters and went to number 8 in the United States and went to number 1 on the R&B Billboard charts.

## Bad Company cover
In 1976, British band Bad Company covered Young Blood for their third studio album *Run with the Pack*. It was released as a single and went to the top 20 in both the United States and Canada.

## References
Choi Hyeon-ho

**Choi Hyeon-ho** (16 April 1976) is a South Korean handball player. Choi competed in the men's tournament at the 2000 Summer Olympics.

## References
## Other websites
*
Westhouse

**Westhouse** is a commune. It is in Grand Est in the Bas-Rhin department in northeast France.

## References
Hednesford

**Hednesford** (said  ) is a market town in Staffordshire, United Kingdom. About 17,000 people live in the town, and 100,000 people live in the district that Hednesford is in. The town is  north of Birmingham. It is also  northwest of London.

## History
The first mention of Hednesford was in 1153, when the town was called *Hedenedford*. King Stephen decided to not make the people in the hamlet have to pay a tax called a  due. His choice meant that people in the hamlet no longer had to pay to let their pigs eat in the forest. 

The town can be seen on a 1775 map of Staffordshire. The map was created by William Yates. On the map, Hednesford is called *Hedgford*. It had 13 buildings.

Hednesford got bigger because of coal mining in the 19th century. A coal mine called the Uxbridge Pit opened.
## References
The Boys of Summer (song)

"**The Boys of Summer**" is a 1984 song by Don Henley. It is the leading single from his second studio album *Building the Perfect Beast*. It went to number 3 in Australia, number 5 in the United States, number 7 in New Zealand, number 12 in the United Kingdom and again following its 1998 re-release, number 15 in Canada, number 18 in New Zealand and Germany and number 23 in the Netherlands. It won a Grammy Award in 1986. It was covered by DJ Sammy in 2002 and The Ataris in 2003.

## References
Straight from the Heart (Bryan Adams song)

"**Straight from the Heart**" is a 1983 song by Canadian singer Bryan Adams. It is the leading single from his third studio album *Cuts Like a Knife*. It went to number 10 in the United States, number 20 in Canada, number 51 in the United Kingdom and number 90 in Australia. They have been versions by Jon English and Bonnie Tyler.
Faster Than the Speed of Night (song)

"**Faster Than the Speed of Night**" is a 1983 song by Welsh singer Bonnie Tyler and is the title track from her fourth studio album *Faster Than the Speed of Night*. It went to number 9 in Norway, number 17 in Ireland and number 43 in the United Kingdom.

## Track listing 
; **7" single**
# "Faster Than the Speed of Night" — 3:30
# "Gonna Get Better" — 3:06

## References
Mark Szaranek

**Mark Szaranek** (16 August 1995) is a Scottish swimmer. Mark competed in the British team in the Men's 200 meter and 400 meter Individual medley events at the 2017 World Championships in Budapest.

## References
## Other websites
*
Umar Edelkhanov

**Umar Edelkhanov** (29 December 1963) is a Russian weightlifter. Umar competed in the men's featherweight event at the 1996 Summer Olympics.

## References
## Other websites
*
Sextus Afranius Burrus

**Sextus Afranius Burrus** was a Praetorian Guard prefect and an advisor to Nero. Sextus went down in history as one of the most powerful people at the beginning of Nero's reign.

## References
Yelena Isinbayeva

**Yelena Gadzhievna Isinbayeva** (3 June 1982) is a Russian former pole vaulter. She received two gold medals at the Summer Olympics (in 2004 and 2008). She is a three-time World Champion (in 2005, 2007, and 2013) and the world record holder in the event. Yelena is recognized the greatest female pole-vaulter of all time.

## References
## Other websites
Izates II

**Izates II** (1-54 CE) was the Parthian client kingdom of Adiabene king from 30 to 54. He was the Queen Helena of Adiabene and Monobaz I of Adiabene son. Izates II converted to Judaism.

## References
Scribonius Largus

**Scribonius Largus** (c. 1-c. 50) was the Roman emperor Claudius court physician. He was the compiler of 271 prescriptions at the request of Gaius Julius Callistus, most of them was transferred to the Marcellus Empiricus work *De Medicamentis Empiricis, Physicis, et Rationabilibus*.

## References
Yan Guang

**Yan Guang** (1–75 AD) was an important sage of Yuyao. Yan studied with Emperor Liu Xiu. Liu Xiu offered Yan a high position in the court, but Yan refused, fearing he would become corrupt, and became a hermit in the mountains. As a result, he became a famous Chinese hero and got a place in the Wu Shuang Pu (, Table of Peerless Heroes) by Jin Guliang.

## References
Deng Yu

**Deng Yu** (2–58 AD) was a statesman and military commander in Eastern Han dynasty. He contributed to the unification of China. In 57 AD, Deng became Grand Tutor. He held this title until his death.

## References
Raahe

**Raahe** () is a town in Northern Ostrobothnia, Finland. It was founded by Swedish statesman and Governor General of Finland Count Per Brahe the Younger. As of 28 February 2023, 24,050 people lived there. Neighbouring municipalities are Haapavesi, Oulainen, Pyhäjoki, Siikajoki and Siikalatva.

Three municipalities have been merged with Raahe: Saloinen in 1973, Pattijoki in 2003 and Vihanti in 2013.

## Other websites 
* Town of Raahe – Official website
Tiachiv

**Tiachiv** (; ; ; ) is a city in the Zakarpattia Oblast (province) in western Ukraine. It is the administrative centre of Tiachiv Raion (district). In 2022, 8,887 people lived there.

## Other websites 
*
Haapavesi

**Haapavesi** is a town in Northern Ostrobothnia, Finland. As of 28 February 2023, 6,588 people lived there. Neighbouring municipalities are Haapajärvi, Kärsämäki, Nivala, Oulainen, Raahe, Siikalatva and Ylivieska.

The name means "Aspen Water". It is known for the Haapavesi Folk Music Festival.

## Other websites 
* Town of Haapavesi – Official website
* Haapavesi Folk Music Festival
Oulainen

**Oulainen** is a town in Northern Ostrobothnia, Finland. As of 28 February 2023, 7,018 people lived there. Neighbouring municipalities are Alavieska, Haapavesi, Merijärvi, Pyhäjoki, Raahe and Ylivieska.

Oulainen was founded in 1865.

## Other websites 
* Town of Oulainen – Official website
Lance Stroll

**Lance Strulovitch** (born October 29, 1998) is a Canadian Formula 1 racing driver. He currently races for Aston Martin. He also used to drive for Williams and Racing Point. His father is Canadian billionaire Lawrence Stroll, who owns some stake in Aston Martin.

At the 2020 Turkish Grand Prix, Stroll was able to capture his first pole position. His first podium finish happened at the 2017 Azerbaijan Grand Prix where he finished 3rd. In doing so, Stroll became the second youngest driver to finish on the podium. He also became the first Canadian to stand on the podium since Jacques Villeneuve at the 2001 German Grand Prix.

## References
## Other websites
*Official website
Kienheim

**Kienheim** is a commune. It is in Grand Est in the Bas-Rhin department in northeast France. It is  to the east-southeast of Saverne.

## References
Ban Biao

**Ban Biao** (3–54 AD) was historian and politician from Xianyang, Shaanxi during the Han dynasty. Ban was the nephew of a famous poet (Consort Ban) and concubine to Emperor Cheng. He wrote *Treatise on the Mandate of Kings* essay (王命論), that influenced Chinese concept of sovereignty. Essay was included in Wenxuan.

## References
Kilstett

**Kilstett** is a commune. It is in Grand Est in the Bas-Rhin department in northeast France.

## References
Tiberius Claudius Balbilus

**Tiberius Claudius Balbillus Modestus** (AD 3–79) was a scholar and  politician from Ancient Roman. He was also an astrologer to the emperors Claudius, Nero, and Vespasian.

## References
Geng Yan

**Geng Yan** (3–58 AD) was a general of the Eastern Han Dynasty from China. He went down in history as one of the Emperor's most influential generals. Thanks to him, the Later Han Dynasty was established.

## References
* *Hou Han Shu* by Fan Ye, vol. 1 (Biography of Emperor Guangwu), https://web.archive.org/web/20080210141642/http://ef.cdpa.nsysu.edu.tw/ccw/02/hhb01.htm.
Columella

and an ox-yoke, in the Plaza de las Flores, Cádiz]]
**Lucius Junius Moderatus Columella** (4 – 70 AD) was a famous Roman writer on agriculture. His De re rustica forms an important source on agriculture of Roman Empire. A genus of the Peruvian asterid *Columellia* was named in his honor.

## References
## Other websites
Anthony Forrest

**Anthony Forrest** is a British-Canadian actor, writer, film producer, director, and composer. Forrest is known for the role he played in 'Star Wars - A New Hope'. In the film, he acted as  ‘Fixer’ friend to Luke Skywalker and the Sand trooper Jedi Mind-Tricked by Obi Wan Kenobi. Forrest is also known for his role in Elstree 76 as stormtrooper and The Spy Who Loved Me. He was in Birmingham, England.

## Career 
Forrest made his professional acting entry in 1975 when he featured in the BBC Television production of Anne of Avonlea. Forrest then appeared in Star Wars - A New Hope as a Sand trooper and Fixer in 1977.

Forrest also Directed, Edited, and Composed the music for the short film Distrust. Distrust won awards at the World Fest Houston and Santa Cruz Film Festival.

### Music 
* 1981 - Shakin Stevens & The Sunsets* - *Jungle Rock*
* 1983 - Passion In Dark Rooms - *The Mood - Passion In Dark Rooms*
* 1983 - The Boxers - *Watch It! (Do Me A Favour)*
* 1981 - The AK Band *Manhole Kids*
* 1981 - The AK Band - *Over You = Sobre Ti*
* 1981 - The Mood - Is There A Reason
* 1981 - Carl Green And The Scene - Wam!
* 1981 - E.M.F. - *Anti-Bellum* (7")
* 1981 - Xena Zerox - *Seconds*
* 1982 - The Munich Thing (Remix) - The Mood - *Passion In Dark Rooms*
* 1982 - The Mood - ''Don't Stop*
* 1982 - The Mood - *Paris Is One Day Away*
* 1982 - The Crack - *Don't You Ever Let Me Down*
* 1983 - The Boxers (2) - Watch It! (Do Me A Favour)
* 1983 - The Mood - *Passion In Dark Rooms*
* 1983 - Interpol (2) - Dancing On The Moon
* 1983 - Dancing On The Moon (as A. Forrest) - *Kristal (2) / Interpol (2) - Ête Super / Dancing On The Moon''
* 1984 - She's Got Me - ''The Mood - I Don't Need Your Love Now*
* 2008 - The Mood - *The Singles Collection'' |Producer
* 2017 - Various - Alternative Sounds |Producer
* 1982 - Battle Of The Bands
* 1981 - Battle Of The Bands

## References 
## Other websites 
Anthony's Personal Website
Kid Charlemagne

"**Kid Charlemagne**" is a 1976 song by Steely Dan. It is the leading single from their fifth studio album *The Royal Scam*. It went to number 82 in the United States and has a bit of funk rhythms and jazz harmonies with rock and roll instrumentals thrown into it.

## References
Daemusin of Goguryeo

King **Daemusin** (4–44) was the ruler of Goguryeo, Kingdom of Korea. He conquered some smaller nations and the large kingdom of Dongbuyeo.

## References
King Kong (franchise)

***King Kong*** is an American giant monster adventure horror movie series. introduced in 1933 to future sequels.

## Movies                                                                                                                                                                                
* *King Kong* (1933)
* *Son of Kong* (1933)
* *King Kong vs. Godzilla* (1963)
* *King Kong Escapes* (1968)
* *King Kong* (1976)
* *King Kong Lives* (1986)
* *The Mighty Kong* (1998)
* *Kong: King of Atlantis* (2004)
* ''Peter Jackson's King Kong* (2005)
* *Kong: Return to the Jungle* (2006)
* *Jack Buchanan's King Kong* (2016)
* *Kong: Skull Island* (2017)
* *Godzilla vs. Kong* (2021)
* *Godzilla x Kong: The New Empire* (2024)

## TV shows                                                                                                                                                                             
* *The King Kong Show* (1966-1969)
* *Kong: The Animated Series* (2001-2002)
* *Kong: King of the Apes* (2016-2018)
* *Skull Island* (2023-present)
* *King Kong'' (2026 Live-action series)
Publius Quinctilius Varus the Younger

**Publius Quinctilius Varus Minor** (AD 4 – 27) was a Roman senator and a member of the gens Quinctilia. He was born into the family of the Roman general and politician Publius Quinctilius Varus and Claudia Pulchra.

## References
Zhao Xi

**Zhao Xi** (4-80 AD) was a politician in the early Eastern Han Dynasty. He was born in Wan, Nanyang Commandery and was known for his honor. At the age of 15, he lost his older cousin and decided to avenge him. The killer was sick, so Zhao spared him. But after recovering, Zhao killed him. He served with Gengshi, Guangwu, and Ming. Zhao died as a result of an illness in 80 AD.

## References
* Fan Ye. *Book of the Later Han*, Volume 26, Biography of Zhao Xi.
Smriti Mandhana

**Smriti Shriniwas Mandhana** (18 July 1996) is an Indian cricketer. Smriti represents the Indian women's national team and took part in Royal Challengers Bangalore in the Women's Premier League (WPL). In 2018 Smriti received Arjuna, BCCI and Rachael Heyhoe-Flint Award awards. In 2021, she became the Women's Cricketer of the year. She is regarded as one of the Greatest Opener in women's cricket history. 

## Career
Smriti Mandhana’s father *Shrinivas* and brother *Shravan* both played cricket at the district level for Sangli and since she watched her brother closely playing for Maharashtra in the Under-16 tournament she too was inspired to play cricket.

At the age of nine, Smriti Mandhana's introduction to cricket began when she decided to participate in cricket trials for enjoyment. Despite being naturally right-handed, she had observed her older brother's sessions closely enough to develop her skills as a left-handed batter. Her exceptional talent could be seen when, at the age of 11, she swiftly advanced to represent the Maharashtra Under-19 cricket team. Just four years later in 2011, she found herself a part of the senior team. In just her second match for Maharashtra, she made headlines as she scored an impressive 125 balls 155 runs against Saurashtra, marking her entry into the cricketing scene.

On her debut test match against England, she scored a 50, playing a crucial hand in India's historic Test win in England in 2014. Later she scored a brilliant century scoring 127 runs in the only Test against Australia, which was also the first century of her career and was awarded the Player of the Match. She also became the first Indian woman to hit a century in Day-night Tests.
## Achievements
In July 2018, Smriti received the Arjuna Award from Indian minister of youth affairs and sports Kiren Rijiju for her outstanding achievements in women's cricket.

## References
## Other websites
*
India Under-19 men's cricket team

The '''India Under-19 men's cricket team''' is managed by the Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI). They first played in the Under-19 Cricket World Cup in 1998. They have won the tournament a record five times, and have been runners-up four times. Their first win was in 2000 under the captaincy of Mohammad Kaif. In 2008, they won under Virat Kohli's leadership, in 2012 under Unmukt Chand, in 2018 under Prithvi Shaw, and in 2022 under Yash Dhull.

## References
Ruzi Ying

**Ruzi Ying** (5 – February or March 25 AD) was the latest leader of the Western Han Dynasty in China. He ruled the Han Empire since 6 CE to 9 AD.

## References
Yin Lihua

**Yin Lihua** (5 - 26 February 64 AD) was a ruler during the Eastern Han Dynasty. She was the second empress of Liu Xiu and was known for beauty and placability.

## References
Habib the Carpenter

**Habib the Carpenter** was a martyr in Antioch. According to Muslim tradition, Habib believed the message of the disciples of Jesus and died for his faith. His tomb is located in the Habib-i Neckar Mosque.

## References
Kintzheim

**Kintzheim** is a commune. It is in Grand Est in the Bas-Rhin department in northeast France.

## References
Invorio

**Invorio** is a *comune* in the Province of Novara in the Piedmont region in Italy.

## Gallery 

File:La torre e le mura superstiti del castello visconteo di Invorio nel 2024.jpg|The tower and remaining walls of the Visconti castle in Invorio
File:Dettaglio delle mura che circondano la torre viscontea di Invorio.jpg|Close-up of the walls around the Visconti tower in Invorio
File:La torre del castello visconteo di Invorio, nel 2024.jpg|The tower of the Visconti castle in Invorio
File:Interno chiesa Madonna del Carmine Invorio.jpg|Inside the Church of Madonna del Carmine in Invorio
File:Panorama di Invorio al tramonto, visto dal campanile della Chiesa Parrocchiale di S. Pietro e Paolo.jpg|View of Invorio at sunset from the bell tower of the Church of Saints Peter and Paul
File:Monte Barro (Invorio, NO) - Chiesa Santa Maria Annunziata Del Barro.jpg|Santa Maria Annunziata del Barro, an old church on Monte Barro, built in 1484

## References
Villeneuve, Alpes-de-Haute-Provence

**Villeneuve** is a commune. It is in Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur in the Alpes-de-Haute-Provence department in southeast France.

## References
Guo Shengtong

**Guo Shengtong** (6 – 22 July 52 CE) was a Chinese empress. Guo was the first empress of the founder of Eastern Han, Liu Xiu, but she was overthrown in 41, while maintaining respect and honor among the people.

## References
Ishe Komborera Africa

**Ishe Komborera Africa** (God Bless Africa) was the national anthem of Zimbabwe from 1980 to 1994.

The anthem used the melody from popular african anthem Nkosi Sikelel’ iAfrika.

## Lyrics 
*Ishekomborera Africa*

*Ngaisimudzirwe zita rayo*

*Inzwai miteuro yedu*

*Ishe komborera,*

*Isu, mhuri yayo.*

*Ishekomborera Africa*

*Ngaisimudzirwe zita rayo*

*Inzwai miteuro yedu*

*Ishe komborera,*

*Isu, mhuri yayo.*

Chorus:

*Huya mweya (Huya mweya komborera)*

*Huya mweya (Huya mweya komborera)*

*Huya mweya*

*Huya mweya woutsvene*

*Uti komborere*

*Isu mhuri yayo.*

### English 
*God bless Africa,*

*Let her fame spread far and wide!*

*Hear our prayer,*

*May God bless us!*

*God bless Africa,*

*Let her fame spread far and wide!*

*Hear our prayer,*

*May God bless us!*

Chorus:

*Come, Spirit, come!*

*Come! Holy Spirit!*

*Come and bless us, her children!*

## References
Calibration

, need to be calibrated, to give exact results.]]
When doing measurements using a device or tool, it is important to know that this measurement has as little error as possible. There is a process, known as **calibration**. It consists of doing some measurements, where the outcomes are known, and comparing the mesurements of the device under test with the known values. In many cases, the device under test can then be adjusted to correct these errors. To be able to do accurate measurements, a decice needs to be calibrated regularly. 

The reasons to do a calibration include the following:

* The device is new, and has not been used before
* The device has been repaired, or modified
* The device is used at a different location. 
* After a specified time period has elapsed. Devices need to be calibrated periodically, to stay accurate
* After the device has been in use for a long time.
* Before or after an important or critical measurement
* When the measurements look counterintuitive, or odd; or when they don't match those of other similar devices close by

In general, calibration includes  the process of *adjusting* the output or indication on a measurement instrument to agree with value of the applied standard, within a specified accuracy. That way, a balance or thermometer can be corrected to show the exact value.
History of cricket in India

'''India's cricket history''' began in the early 18th century with the arrival of the British East India Company. In 1721, sailors working for the Company were reported to be playing the game at Cambay, near Baroda. That is the earliest reference to cricket being played in the Indian sub-continent (including modern-day India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Sri Lanka). One of the players wrote:

By the end of the century, the game had spread to other areas of the country. The Calcutta Cricket and Football Club is known to have been in existence by 1792. In 1799, another club was formed at Seringapatam in south India after the successful British siege, and the defeat of Tipu Sultan.

## References
Kleingœft

**Kleingœft** is a commune. It is in Grand Est in the Bas-Rhin department in northeast France.

## Geography 
Neighbouring communes are Wolschheim and Maennolsheim to the northeast; Westhouse-Marmoutier to the southeast; and Lochwiller to the west.

## References
Convection zone

The **convection zone (or convective zone)** is a layer of the Sun. 

The Sun has three inner layers: the core, the radiative zone, and the convective zone. Outside these are three outer layers: the photosphere, the chromosphere, and the corona (the Sun's ). 

The convective zone helps to transfer heat from the inside of the Sun to its surface. Specifically, in this zone, energy (in the form of hot gases) is transferred to the photosphere by convection. This allows the energy to escape in the form of sunlight and heat.

## References
Theloderma annae

'''Anna's bug-eyed frog** or **Anna's mossy frog'* (*Theloderma annae'') is a frog.  It lives in Vietnam. It lives in the Ngoc Son–Ngo Luong Nature Reserve and Cuc Phuong National Park.
## Body
The adult male frog is about 27.1-28.5 mm long from nose to rear end and the adult female frog is about 30.3-32.6 long.  The skin of the frog's back is gray-green in color.  The throat, belly, sides, and parts of the legs are brown with white spots.

## Home
This frog lives in forests that have karst rock and limestone rock in the ground. People see them near caves and on cliffs. People see this frog far from water. This frog can live in forest that was cut down and is growing back. People have seen this frog between 67 and 650 meters above sea level.

Scientists think this frog's tadpoles swim in the water, like other tadpoles in *Theloderma*, but they have not seen them yet.

## Danger
Scientists do not know if this frog is in danger of dying out or not.  Human beings change the places where the frog lives by changing forests into farms by cutting trees to get wood to build with, and by digging up karst rock to use.

People sometimes catch this frog to sell as a pet, but scientists do not know if that is a danger to the frog.

Some of the places this frog lives are protected parks: Ngo Luong-Ngoc Son Nature Reserve, Trang An Landscape Complex, and Cuc Phuong National Park.

## References
Kogenheim

**Kogenheim** is a commune. It is in Grand Est in the Bas-Rhin department in northeast France.

## References
Banu Hashim

The **Banū Hāshim** () is an Arab clan within the Quraysh. This is clan to which Muhammad belonged. It was named after Muhammad's great-grandfather Hāshim ibn ʿAbd Manāf.

## States 
States founded by descendants of: 

* **Muḥammad**
* **ʿAlī** (*ʿAlids*) 
* **Ḥasan** and **Ḥusayn** (sons of ''''Alī** and **Muḥammad''''s daughter, **Fāṭima**)
* **al-ʿAbbās**
All of them are descendants of Hāshim ibn ʿAbd Manāf. 

### List 
* Abbasids (750–1258/1261–1517)
* Idrisids (788–974)
* Alid dynasties in northern Iran (864–900/914–928)
* Ukhaydhirites (867–middle 11th century)
* Saadis (1510–1659) 
* Filalids (1631–present)– Ruled in Tafilalt (1631–68) and Morocco (1668–present)  
* Hashemites (1916–present) – Ruled in Mecca (10th century–1924), all of Hejaz (1916–25) , after that Syria (1920) , Iraq (1921–58)  and Jordan (1921–present) 

## Notes
## References
## Bibliography 
*  
*
* 
*
*  
* 
*
Theloderma nebulosum

The **misty moss frog** or **misty bug-eyed frog** (*Theloderma nebulosum*) is a frog.  It lives in Vietnam. It lives in Vietnam in forests of ever. People have seen it 2000 meters above sea level in the Ngoc Linh Nature Reserve.

This frog is shorter than 30 mm long from nose to rear end.  The skin of the frog's back is brown in color with other brown markings.  The belly and sides are lighter brown. The bottoms of the feet are gray-black with blue spots.  The frog is blue-black on the sides.  There are blue-white spots on the head. The iris of the eye is gold in color on top and reddish-brown in color lower down. The color of the iris is the same as the color of the skin next to it.

The tadpoles have dark brown bodies.

## Name
Scientists named this frog *nebulosum* because that is the Latin word for "cloudy." They did this because the frog's forests are full of mist and clouds.

## References
Opposition (Australia)

In Australian politics, the **Opposition** is the second largest party or coalition in the House of Representatives, with the leader of that party or coalition being given the title of Opposition Leader. Similarly, the second largest party or coalition in the lower house of a state or territory's parliament is also called the Opposition and the leader of that party or coalition is given the title of Opposition Leader. Currently, the Liberal–National Coalition, led by Sussan Ley, forms the federal Opposition.

## State and territory opposition
## Related pages
* Australian Government
* Shadow Ministry of Australia

## References
Mercer, New Zealand

**Mercer** is a small town in the Waikato District, New Zealand. It is located 70 kilometers north of Hamilton and 58 kilometers south of Auckland on the eastern bank of the Waikato River. It is a primary school in the village. Prior to creation of the Auckland supercity in 2010. Mercer was located within the Franklin District.

## References
Grey cutthroat eel

The **grey cutthroat eel** (*Synaphobranchus affinis*) is a cutthroat eel. It lives a benthic lifestyle, inhabiting the continental margin and global deep waters including near Portugal, the Canary Islands, Morocco, Japan, Australia, and others.

## References 
# Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2011). "Synaphobranchus affinis" in FishBase. June 2011 version.**^** 
# Günther, A. (1877). "LVI.— Preliminary notes on new fishes collected in Japan during the expedition of H.M.S. 'Challenger'". Annals and Magazine of Natural History. 20 (119): 433–446. doi:10.1080/00222937708682260.
# Wenner, Charles (1975). "Occurrence Of Elvers Of Synaphobranchus-Affinis On Continental Slope Off North-Carolina". Fishery Bulletin. 73 (3): 687–691.
# Sulak, K. J. and Yu. N. Shcherbachev, 1997 [ref. 22986] *Zoogeography and systematics of six deep-living genera of synaphobranchid eels, with a key to taxa and description of two new species of Ilyophis. Bulletin of Marine Science v. 60 (no. 3): 1158-1194.*
Nero Julius Caesar

**Nero Julius Caesar** (AD 6–31) was an inheritor of the Roman Emperor Tiberius. Nero with his brother, Drusus, made successful political careers. Nero was a close relative of every Julio-Claudian emperor.

## References
Gaius Manlius Valens

**Gaius Manlius Valens** (AD 6 - 96) was a senator in the Roman Empire. He served with Gaius Antistius Vetus and was elected an ordinary consul. He died the same year he became consul.

## References
Gnaeus Domitius Corbulo

Parian marble. (Centrale Montemartini, Rome)]]

**Gnaeus Domitius Corbulo** (AD 7 – 67) was a famous general in the Roman Empire. He was born on the Italian peninsula. His father was formal praetor under Tiberius. Mother came from a praetor family. Gnaeus committed heroic suicide on the orders of Emperor Nero.

## References
Drusus Caesar

**Drusus Caesar** (7/8 – 33) was an inheritor (?) of the Roman emperor Tiberius. He was born into the Julio-Claudian dynasty. Drusus with his brother, Nero, made a successful political careers. He died of starvation while in prison in 33.

## References
Titus Flavius Sabinus

**Titus Flavius T. f. T. n. Sabinus** (8 - 69) was a famous politician and soldier in Roman Empire. He was born in Reate. Titus was a fair and honest man, but was overly sociable. At the end of the civil war, he was unable to hold the capital because he did not want to kill the Romans.

## References
Caratacus

**Caratacus**  was a leader of Britain in 1st century AD. He was born in the tribe of Catuvellauni. He resisted the Romans. Dio Cassius called Caratacus the son of the Catuvellaunian king Cunobelin.

## References
Liu Penzi

**Liu Penzi** (; 10 AD - after 27 AD) was an emperor of China, who began to rule the Han Dynasty after the collapse of the Xin Dynasty. When Liu Xiu defeated the Red Eyebrows, he decided to spare Liu.

## References
Drowned World/Substitute for Love

"**Drowned World/Substitute for Love**" is a 1998 song by Madonna and is the third single from her 7th studio album *Ray of Light*. It topped the single charts in Spain and went to the top 50 in Australia, Austria, Canada, France, Germany, Hungary, Iceland, Italy, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Scotland, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. It was not released in the United States.

## Track listings and formats
***UK and European 12-inch vinyl**
# "Drowned World/Substitute for Love" (BT & Sasha's Ashram remix)&nbsp;– 9:28
# "Sky Fits Heaven" (Sasha remix)&nbsp;– 7:21
# "Sky Fits Heaven" (Victor Calderone remix edit)&nbsp;– 5:50

***European CD single**
# "Drowned World/Substitute for Love" (album version)&nbsp;– 5:09
# "Sky Fits Heaven" (Sasha remix edit)&nbsp;– 4:08

***UK and Japanese CD single**
# "Drowned World/Substitute for Love" (album version)&nbsp;– 5:09
# "Drowned World/Substitute for Love" (BT & Sasha's Ashram remix)&nbsp;– 9:28
# "Sky Fits Heaven" (Sasha remix edit)&nbsp;– 4:08

***UK CD single 2**
# "Drowned World/Substitute for Love" (album version)&nbsp;– 5:09
# "Sky Fits Heaven" (Sasha remix)&nbsp;– 7:21
# "Sky Fits Heaven" (Victor Calderone remix edit)&nbsp;– 5:50

## References
Thánh Thiên

**Thánh Thiên** (10-43 AD) was a princess of Vietnam. She participated in the Trung sisters' rebellion against the Han Chinese. As the legend goes, Thiên was born in the village of Bich Uyen Thánh committed suicide because she did not want to be captured.

## References
Peter Malinauskas

**Peter Bryden Malinauskas** (born 14 August 1980) is a South Australian politician. He has served as the Premier of South Australia since 2022, as leader of the South Australian Labor Party since 2018 and as the member for Croydon since 2018.

He is of Hungarian, Lithuanian and Irish descent.

## References
Lollia Paulina

**Lollia Paulina** (15 - 49 AD) was an empress in the Roman Empire. She was the wife of Caligula. Pliny the Elder mentions Paulina to show Roman ostentation.

## References
Lucius Verginius Rufus

**Lucius Verginius Rufus** (AD 15 - 97) was a leader of Germania Superior in the Roman Empire. He was elected consul three times. Lucius was born near Comum. Remainder of tomb with him are in Ladispoli.

## References
Decimus Junius Silanus Torquatus

**Decimus Junius Silanus Torquatus** (16 AD - 64 AD) was a senator in the Roman Empire. He was recognized as consul in 53 and served with Quintus Haterius Antoninus. He was the son of Aemilia Lepida and Marcus Junius Silanus Torquatus.

## References
Junia Lepida

**Junia Lepida** (AD 18 - 65) was a noblewoman in the Roman Empire. Junia was born in the family of Aemilia Lepida and Marcus Junius Silanus Torquatus. She was married to Gaius Cassius Longinus and had two children.

## Sources
* Edmund Groag, Arthur Stein, Leiva Petersen, *et alia* (edd.), *Prosopographia Imperii Romani*, Berlin, 1933 - 2016. (***PIR2*** I 861)
Marcus Junius Silanus

**Marcus Junius Silanus** (AD 14–54) was a senator in the Roman Empire. Despite his powerful influence, he could not survive the death of the Emperor.

## References
Quintus Volusius Saturninus

**Quintus Volusius Saturninus** (born AD 25) was a senator in the Roman Empire. He served with Publius Cornelius Scipio and was made consul in 56.

## References
Herod Agrippa II

**Herod Agrippa II** (AD 27/28 – 92 or 100) was the latest leader from the Herodian dynasty. He was born in the family of Herod Agrippa.

## References
Act Naturally

"**Act Naturally**" is a 1963 song by country singer Buck Owens and went to number 1 on the Billboard Country singles chart. It has been covered by The Beatles, Loretta Lynn, Dwight Yoakam. The 1989 country duet version with Ringo Starr went to number 50 on the Canadian Country Tracks chart and was nominated for a Grammy Award in 1990.
You're Lookin' at Country

"'''You're Lookin' at Country'*" is a 1971 song by country singer Loretta Lynn and is the title track to her 18th studio album *You're Lookin' at Country''. It went to number 5 on the Billboard Hot Country Songs chart and number 1 on the Canada Country Track charts

## References
Socialist Workers Party (UK)

The **Socialist Workers Party** (**SWP**) is a far-left political party in the United Kingdom. Founded as the Socialist Review Group by supporters of Tony Cliff in 1950, it became the International Socialists in 1962 and the SWP in 1977. The party says it is Trotskyist. Cliff and his followers criticised the Soviet Union and its satellites, calling them state capitalist rather than socialist countries.

It set up the Anti Nazi League in the Autumn of 1977 and then  Rock Against Racism. This organised successful carnivals with  The Clash, the Buzzcocks, Steel Pulse, X-Ray Spex, The Ruts, Generation X and the Tom Robinson Band.  It stopped in 1981 after the National Front had got smaller. 

## References
International Marxist Group

The **International Marxist Group** (**IMG**) was a Trotskyist group in Britain between 1968 and 1982. It was the British Section of the Fourth International. It had around 1,000 members and supporters in the late 1970s.  In 1980, it had 682 members; by 1982, when it changed its name to the Socialist League, membership had fallen to 534.  At that point all its members had joined the Labour Party.

It supported *The Black Dwarf,* a newspaper edited by Tariq Ali which started in  June 1968.  In 1970  *Red Mole* was started. In May 1973, the fortnightly *Red Mole* was replaced by *Red Weekly.* In June 1977, *Socialist Challenge* replaced *Red Weekly.*  In December 1982, when it renamed itself the Socialist League,  it began publishing *Socialist Action*.  
## References
Fuckin' Problems

"'''Fuckin' Problems'''" is the third single off American rapper ASAP Rocky's debut studio album *Long. Live. ASAP*. The song was released on October 24, 2012.  The song also features Drake, 2 Chainz and Kendrick Lamar.

On December 3, 2012, a music video for the song was released. It debuted on *106 & Park*. The song was nominated for *Best Rap Song* at the 56th Grammy Awards but lost to Macklemore's *Thrift Shop*. 

## References
## Other websites
*"Fuckin Problems" on YouTube
Sounds of Christmas

***Sounds of Christmas*** is a 1963 album by Johnny Mathis. It is the second Christmas themed album and was released on 4 October, 1963 through Mercury Records and made number 2 in the United States.

## Track listing
### Side one
#"The Sounds of Christmas" (Jerry Livingston, Paul Francis Webster) — 2:35
#"Have Yourself a Merry Little Christmas"  from *Meet Me in St. Louis*  (Ralph Blane, Hugh Martin) — 3:34
#"A Marshmallow World" (Peter DeRose, Carl Sigman) — 2:37
#"God Rest Ye Merry, Gentlemen" (traditional) — 3:19
#"Let It Snow! Let It Snow! Let It Snow!" (Sammy Cahn, Jule Styne) — 4:12
#"The Little Drummer Boy" (Katherine Davis, Henry Onorati, Harry Simeone) — 3:32

### Side two
#"Have Reindeer, Will Travel" (Livingston, Webster) — 3:31
#"The Secret of Christmas" from *Say One for Me* (Cahn, Jimmy Van Heusen) — 4:12
#"Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer" (Johnny Marks) — 2:20
#"Carol of the Bells" (Mykola Leontovych, Peter J. Wilhousky) — 1:22
#"Christmas Is a Feeling in Your Heart" (Joe Darion, Joe Kleinsinger) — 3:03
#"Hallelujah Chorus" from the oratorio *Messiah* (George Frederick Handel) — 4:02

## References
List of Arab dynasties and countries

This list is a list of dynasties and countries founded by the Arabs.

## Pre-Islamic entities 
## Arabs after Islam 
## References 
## Sources 
* 
* 
* 
* 
*  
*  
*  
* 
* 
*
Malibu (Kim Petras song)

"**Malibu**" is a 2020 song by German singer Kim Petras. The music video was filmed during the COVID-19 lockdown. It has a number of singers making cameo appearances. It went to number 88 in Scotland.

## References
Oikocredit

Oikocredit is an internationally operating cooperative under Dutch law (U.A.). Its headquarters is in Amersfoort. It makes social investments, which means it gives money for projects that help society and the environment, especially in developing countries.The institution does not have a banking license. It finances itself through the deposits and investments of its members and external investors who provide capital as ethical investments.

## History 
Oikocredit was founded in 1975 on the initiative of the World Council of Churches under the name Ecumenical Development Cooperative Society (EDCS). The goal was to mobilize church reserves for development promotion. The basic approach of linking development promotion with loans and valuable investments initially met with skepticism from church financial and development experts. Initially, some people did not feel comfortable giving loans to disadvantaged people instead of donations. Others disagreed with investing the church's money in something believed to be unlikely to work and yield no financial profit. However, many people from churches throughout Europe believed in the idea of Oikocredit and established Oikocredit support groups in the late 1970s. Through these support groups, private individuals, church communities, associations, foundations, and other organizations could invest in Oikocredit, which had previously been reserved for churches. Today, the support groups provide the majority of Oikocredit's member capital.

## Statistics 
(As of December 31, 2021)

* Balance sheet: 1,258 million euros
* Project financing: 996 million euros
* Member capital: 1,129 million euros
* 517 partner organizations in 55 countries
* Operating costs: 2.4% - measured against the balance sheet total
* Employees: 206 - (FTE, 55% women, 45% men)

## Criticism 
The human rights organizations LICADHO, Equitable Cambodia and FIAN, have accused Oikocredit of providing loans in Cambodia that allegedly led to forced land sales. The accusation is that despite evidence of a debt crisis since at least 2017, investments in Cambodian microfinance institutions continued. In response Oikocredit said, that they had not identified any forced land sales and that customer protection is their top priority.

## References
Good Mythical Morning

***Good Mythical Morning*** is an American comedy talk YouTube series created by Rhett McLaughlin and Link Neal. The show first aired on YouTube on January 9, 2012 and continues to be uploaded every weekday. As of August 2017, the show has twelve seasons. The YouTube channel currently boasts over 12.5 million subscribers, and 3.5 billion total video views.

## History and premise 
Rhett and Link aired the first episode of *Good Mythical Morning* on January 9, 2012, to their YouTube channel of the same name. The series' crew  had only one member during season 1 but has since grown to have twenty-eight members, as a part of Mythical Entertainment. Many fans of the show enjoyed their behind-the-scenes crew, which led to the creation of the YouTube channel "This Is Mythical". It  focuses on the funny events of their crew. The show focuses on Rhett McLaughlin and Link Neal as they tell hilarious stories have happened to them, sing songs, do food-related challenges, and more.

## Format 
*Good Mythical Morning* is uploaded to YouTube every weekday morning. Each episode usually consists of Rhett and Link doing hilarious antics, and is generally around ten minutes in length. At the beginning of each episode, either Rhett or Link say a quote related to the video in question, and the other person replies with "Let's talk about that." At the end of every episode, Rhett and Link bring out the "Wheel of Mythicality" to spin, which consists of different spots that it can land on such as "6 Degrees of Bacon," "Winface," and "Gifticality." *Good Mythical More* is the after show for *Good Mythical Morning* which contains Rhett and Link relaxing after an episode, talking about anything.

## Episodes 
## Reception 
The show has become very popular on YouTube with the channel having 12.5 million subscribers, and 3.5 billion video views as of August 2017. Each episode generally gains over 2 million views. The show has also won Best Variety Series at the International Academy of Web Television Awards, Best Web Series at the Shorty Awards, Best Comedy Series and Best Non-Fiction Channel, Series or Show at the Streamy Awards, amongst many others. The series has also been nominated at multiple award shows a total of six times.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Official website 
*  at the Internet Movie Database
Terminalia myriocarpa

***Terminalia myriocarpa***, the **East Indian almond**, is a tree. It lives in Southeast Asia.

## Animals
The moth *Acrocercops terminaliae* hatches out of its egg as a larva.  It looks like a worm.  When it is a larva, it lives on and eats *T. myriocarpa*.

## Chemistry
People found chemicals called phenolic compounds in this tree's leaves. Their names are methyl (S)-flavogallonate, gallic acid, methyl gallate, ethyl gallate, [[2,3-di-O--(S)-4,5,6,4′,5′,6′-hexahydroxybiphenyl-2,2′-diyldicarbonyl-(α/β)-D-glucopyranose|2,3-di-O-[(S)-4,5,6,4′,5′,6′-hexahydroxybiphenyl-2,2′-diyldicarbonyl]-(α/β)-D-glucopyranose]], vitexin, isovitexin, orientin, iso-orientin, kaempferol 3-O-β-D-rutinoside, rutin, neosaponarin, ellagic acid, flavogallonic acid, and (α/β)-punicalagin.

## References
## Other websites
*
*
Tommy Kane

**Thomas Henry Kane** (born January 14, 1964 in Montreal) is a Canadian former football wide receiver and convicted murderer.

## Career
Kane was drafted out of the Syracuse by the Seattle Seahawks with the 75th pick in the third round of the 1988 NFL Draft. Kane played 57 games with the Seahawks but his NFL career was cut short because of injuries. The Seahawks released him and he joined to Toronto Argonauts of the Canadian Football League (CFL) in 1994. He only played 5 games for the Argonauts and retired shortly after.

## Crime
On November 30, 2003, Kane stabbed his wife Tammara Shaikh to death. He pled guilty to a lesser charge of manslaughter. He was sentenced to 18 years in prison. He was ordered by a judge to pay $590,000 to his wife's family.

On 2018, he was given six months of day parole. In May 2019, he was sent back to jail for violating his release.

## References
## Other websites
*Tommy Kane at nfl.com
Trưng sisters

The **Trưng sisters** were military leaders in Vietnam. They were the heads of the country three years after rebelling in AD 40. They had higher education, they achieved success in the field of literature and became the heirs of their father's land. They were recognized as national heroines.

## Notes
Queen Elizabeth II Bridge

The **Queen Elizabeth II bridge** at Dartford has played crucial role on the M25 motorway by connecting communities in Essex and Kent. It is at the Dartford Crossing, sometimes called the Dartford-Thurrock River Crossing. The significance of this is that the bridge cuts the time for traffic from the North of England to France (and vice versa). 

It was built at a cost of £120m and officially opened by Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II in October 1991. it was the first bridge to be built at a new location along the river Thames for more than 50 years. At the time, it was the longest single span bridge in Europe at over 2,872 metres long.
The Wonderful World of Make Believe

***The Wonderful World of Make Believe*** is a 1964 studio album by Johnny Mathis. It was released on 10 July, 1964 through Mercury Records and went to number 75 in the United States.

## Track listing
### Side one
#"Camelot" from *Camelot* (Alan Jay Lerner, Frederick Loewe) – 2:50
#"I'm Always Chasing Rainbows" from *Oh, Look!* (Harry Carroll, Joseph McCarthy) – 3:37
#"House of Flowers" from *House of Flowers* (Harold Arlen, Truman Capote) – 3:36
#"Beyond the Sea" (Jack Lawrence, Charles Trenet) – 3:25
#"Sky Full of Rainbows" (Bart Howard) – 3:09
#"Sands of Time" from *Kismet* (George Forrest, Robert Wright) – 3:11

### Side two
#"Shangri-La" (Matty Malneck, Robert Maxwell, Carl Sigman) – 3:30
#"Alice in Wonderland" from *Alice in Wonderland* (Bob Hilliard, Sammy Fain) – 2:46
#"Dream, Dream, Dream" (Jimmy McHugh, Mitchell Parish) – 3:09
#"The World of Make-Believe" (Jay Livingston, Paul Francis Webster) – 2:43
#"When You Wish Upon a Star" from *Pinocchio* (Leigh Harline, Ned Washington) – 4:21
#"Beyond the Blue Horizon" from *Monte Carlo* (Leo Robin, Richard Whiting) – 2:57

## References