open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Suez

**Suez** (,  Egyptian pronunciation *Es Suwais*) is a town in Northern Egypt, on the coast of the Gulf of Suez.  Almost 750.000 people live in the city. The city is the southern terminus of the Suez Canal. It has two harbours, and a large seaport.  An oil refinery is in Suez. Highways and railroad tracks connect Suez to the cities of Cairo, Port Said and Ismailia.
Eye of the Storm (EP)

***Eye of the Storm*** is the sixth EP by the American Horrorcore band, Insane Clown Posse. It was released on August 20, 2007.

## Track listing
## References
Sela Ward

**Sela Ann Ward** (born July 11, 1956) is an American Emmy and Golden Globe Award winning movie and television actress. She was in the NBC television series *Sisters*. She acted in the CBS television series *CSI: NY*. 

Ward was born in Meridian, Mississippi
Ismaïlia

**Ismailia** () is a city in Egypt, on the Suez Canal. Ismailia is the capital of the Governorate with the same name. The city has a population of approximately 750,000. It is approximately halfway between Port Said to the north and Suez to the south. The Canal widens at this point to include Lake Timsah, one of the Bitter Lakes.

Khedive Ismail the Magnificent founded the city in 1863, when the Canal was constructed. The city is named after him. The head office of the Suez Canal Authority is in Ismaïlia at the shore of Lake Timsah. Many of the buildings that were built when the British and French were involved in running the canal are still standing. Some of them are still being used by Canal employees and officials.

## References
Mae Young

**Johnnie Mae Young** On January 14, it was announced that Young had died.

## Championships
***Championship Wrestling from Florida**
**NWA Florida Women's Championship (one time)
***National Wrestling Alliance**
**NWA United States Women's Championship (one time)
**NWA Women's World Tag Team Championship (one time) (with Ella Waldek)
***World Wrestling Federation/World Wrestling Entertainment**
**WWE Hall of Fame (Class of 2008)
**Miss Royal Rumble 2000
**Slammy Award for Knucklehead Moment of the Year (2010) (Defeating LayCool at *Old School Raw*)
***Professional Wrestling Hall of Fame**
**Class of 2004

## References
## Other websites
*WWE profile
Boundary Park

**Boundary Park** is a football stadium in Oldham, England. As of 2021, it is the home stadium of the Oldham Athletic A.F.C. and the Oldham Roughyeds. The stadium was built in 1904. It opened August 1, 1904. The total seating capacity of the stadium is about 10,638.

## References
Lessepsian migration

is one of the species that migrated from the Red Sea to the Eastern Mediterranean]]
, one of only a few species who migrated from the Mediterranean to the Red Sea.]]
**Lessepsian migration** is the name given for the migration of marine species through the Suez Canal, between the Red Sea and the Mediterranean. 

It is named after Ferdinand de Lesseps, who built the Suez Canal. The Suez Canal joined two biospheres that were separate before. Many species migrated from the Red Sea to the Eastern Mediterranean. Only a few species migrated in the other direction, from the Mediterranean to the Red Sea. The migration can be seen most clearly when looking at fish species, even though other animals also migrated.

When the Suez Canal was opened in 1869, it created the first salt-water passage between the Red Sea and the Mediterranean. The Bitter Lakes are two very salty (hypersaline) lakes about mid-way in the canal. At first, this blocked the migration of species from the Red Sea to the Mediterranean. Over the last decades, the salinity of the lakes changed, which made it easier for species to migrate. 

The Red Sea is higher than the Mediterranean, at high tide, water flows from the Red Sea to the Mediterranean. The Red Sea is also poor in nutrients, so species who migrate will find more nutrients. The waters of the Red Sea are saltier than that of the Mediterranean. For these reasons, most species migrate from the Red Sea to the Mediterranean, and only very few migrate in the other direction.

When the Aswan High Dam was built in the 1960s, this blocked the flow of freshwater from the Nile into the Mediterranean. As a result, the salinity levels in the Eastern Mediterranean increase, and make it much more like the Red Sea – this means that migration will become even easier, as conditions are very similar. 

Invasive species coming from the Red Sea and introduced into the Mediterranean by the construction of the canal have become a major component of the Mediterranean ecosystem. They have serious impacts on the Mediterranean ecology, endangering many local and endemic Mediterranean species. To this day, about 300 species native to the Red Sea have been identified in the Mediterranean Sea, and there are probably others still unidentified. 

The Egyptian government announced it plans to deepen and widen the canal. This announcement has raised concerns from marine biologists, who fear that this will worsen the invasion of Red Sea species into the Mediterranean, and make the crossing of the canal easier for additional species.

Today, the term *Lessepsian migration* is used more broadly for any migration of animals over man-made structures.

## References
Glans

The **glans** (Latin for "acorn") is a vascular structure on the tip of the penis in men or a homologous genital structure of the clitoris in women.

## Related pages 
*Glans penis
*Clitoris

## References
Immigration to Canada

**Immigration to Canada** is a way that people from other countries can move to Canada. Some laws about this include the Immigration Act 1976, and the Immigration and Refugee Protection Act 2002.

Canada lets many people move to Canada. Because of this, there are some high percentages of non-Canadians in  results.

## History 
Even after Canadian colonization by the United Kingdom and France, there have been many other people coming to Canada in large groups.

### First large group: 1700s 
In the 1700s, the French were settling in Quebec and Acadia, followed by some American and European movement.

After the American Revolution ended many Americans loyal to Britain went to Canada as it was the last main territory in North America still loyal to the Crown.

### Second large group: 1800s 
The War of 1812 promoted British and Irish immigration to Canada. Some British officers went to Canada, fearing that the Americans would invade Canada. While Irish immigration was still high, eventually some went to the United States.

Others went to Canada from America, especially during the Klondike Gold Rush.

### Third and fourth groups: 1900s 
This time, many people went to Canada from Europe. A large spike in the third group was pre-World War I.

### Fifth group: the present 
This group saw an increase in Asian immigrants.

## References
Yarlung Tsangpo

**Yarlung River** is a watercourse that originates upstream from the South Tibet Valley and the Yarlung Zangbo Grand Canyon, in Southern Tibet. It then passes through the province of Assam, Republic of India, where it is known as the Dihang.

Yarlung Tsangpo-Qüxü-Tsetang-02-2014-gje.jpg|
Yarlung Tsangpo-Qüxü-Tsetang-16-Kloster-2014-gje.jpg|
Yarlung Tsangpo-Qüxü-Tsetang-30-Bruecke-2014-gje.jpg|
Yarlung Tsangpo-Qüxü-Tsetang-42-Sandduenen-2014-gje.jpg|
Yarlung Tsangpo-Qüxü-Tsetang-64-Sandduenen-2014-gje.jpg|

Yarlung Tsangpo in Shannon-16-2014-gje.jpg
Yarlung Tsangpo in Shannon-18-Bruecke-2014-gje.jpg
Yarlung Tsangpo in Shannon-26-2014-gje.jpg
Yarlung Tsangpo in Shannon-38-2014-gje.jpg
Yarlung Zangbo Grand Canyon

The **Yarlung Zangbo Grand Canyon** () or simply the **Tsangpo Canyon** or **Tsangpo Gorge**, along the Yarlung Tsangpo River in Tibet, China, is regarded by some as the deepest canyon in the world, and is slightly longer than the Grand Canyon, making it one of the world's largest.

## References
Stuyvesant Town–Peter Cooper Village

**Stuyvesant Town–Peter Cooper Village** is a large, private community where people live. It is on the east side of Manhattan, a borough in New York City. It is one of the most successful post-World War II private housing communities. Stuyvesant Town is known to its residents as "Stuy Town". It was named after Peter Stuyvesant, the last Director-General of the Dutch colony of New Amsterdam, whose farm occupied the site in the seventeenth century. Peter Cooper Village is named after Peter Cooper, a 19th-century industrialist, inventor and philanthropist. Cooper also founded Cooper Union.

The complex was planned beginning in 1942. It opened its first building in 1947. It replaced several very big gas storage tanks.

The complex has many red brick apartment buildings. They stretch from First Avenue to Avenue C between 14th and 23rd Streets. It covers about  of land. Some of this land is also playground land or parkland. Between 14th and 20th Street is Stuyvesant Town. It has 8,757 apartments in 89 residential buildings. Peter Cooper Village is between 20th and 23rd Streets. The complex has a total of 110 residential buildings, 11,250 apartments, and over 25,000 people living in it.

The East River and Avenue C is on the east, the Gramercy Park neighborhood on the west, the East Village and Alphabet City to the south, and Kips Bay to the north. To the west is a historic two-block park. Around the park is Stuyvesant Square, Saint George's Church, and the Beth Israel Medical Center.

## References
Lea Thompson

**Lea Katherine Thompson** (born May 31, 1961) is an American actress. She acted in the 1983 movie *All the Right Moves* and the 1990s sitcom *Caroline in the City*. She also starred in many made for television movies.  

## Early life 
Thompson was born in Rochester, Minnesota. Both she and her older brother Andrew Thompson took ballet classes as children. Both became dancers with major dance companies--Andrew with the Colorado Ballet and Lea with the American Ballet Theatre. After Lea had many injuries and Mikail Baryshnikov told her she didn't have the ideal body, she left professional ballet to become an actress. 

## Other websites 
*
Keri Russell

**Keri Lynn Russell** (born March 23, 1976 in Fountain Valley, California) is an American actress. She has starred in many movies for both the cinema and television. She starred in the television series *Felicity* from 1998 to 2002. Russell won a Golden Globe for "Best Actress in a Drama Series" in 1999.

Russell has been in a relationship with Matthew Rhys since 2014. They had their first child together in 2016.

## Other websites 
*
Tim Masthay

**Tim Masthay** (born March 16, 1987 in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania) is an American football punter for the Green Bay Packers of the National Football League (NFL). Masthay was not drafted but started his football career in 2009 with the Indianapolis Colts when he was part of their practice squad. Masthay's father, Dr. Mark Masthay is a chairman of the chemistry department at the University of Dayton and his mother is the Executive Director of TriState Habitat for Humanity in Cincinnati, Ohio.

## Other websites
*Tim Masthay's profile at nfl.com
All Pakistan Muslim League

The **All-Pakistan Muslim League**, is a political party in Pakistan founded by Pervez Musharraf in Karachi, Pakistan, in 2010, . The party was registered at the Election Commission.

## References
All Parties Hurriyat Conference

The **All Parties Hurriyat Conference** (APHC) (formed March 10, 1993) is a political front formed as an alliance of 26 political, social and religious organizations in Kashmir. It was formed achieving the right of self-determination according to United Nations Security Council Resolution 47. "Hurriyat" in Kashmiri (as well as in Arabic from which the word is loaned, Urdu and Persian)  means "liberty". Tabish Bhat was elected its leader in January 2010.

## Objectives 
The primary objective of Hurriyat Conference is to have Islamic governance in Jammu & Kashmir and liberating the regions from India to Pakistan.

## References
Clay Matthews III

**William Clay Matthews III** (born May 14, 1986 in Northridge, California) is an American former football outside linebacker. He played eleven seasons in the National Football League (NFL). He played for the Green Bay Packers and Los Angeles Rams. During his time with the Packers, Matthews helped them win Super Bowl XLV.

Matthews was drafted out of the University of Southern California by the Green Bay Packers with the 26th pick in the first round of the 2009 NFL Draft. Matthews is the son of former NFL player Clay Matthews, Jr. and his uncle is Bruce Matthews who also played in the NFL.

On September 27, 2022, Matthews announced that he was retiring from playing professional football.

## References
## Other websites
*Clay Matthews' Official website 
*Clay Matthews' profile at nfl.com
Matt Turk

**Matthew Edward Turk** (born June 16, 1968 in Greenfield, Wisconsin) is a former American football punter that played 18 seasons in the National Football League (NFL). Turk was not drafted but started his football career in 1995 with the Washington Redskins.

He played for the Washington Redskins from 1995 to 1999, the Miami Dolphins from 2000 to 2001, the New York Jets in 2002, the Miami Dolphins again from 2003 to 2005, the St. Louis Rams in 2006, the Houston Texans from 2007 to 2010, the Jacksonville Jaguars in 2011 and the Houston Texans again in 2011. 

## Websites
*Matt Turk at nfl.com
Rallidae

, *Rallina fasciata*]]
, *Rallus aquaticus*]]
 (*Porzana porzana*)]]

The **rails**, or **Rallidae**, are a large family of small to medium-sized birds. The rails are related to cranes, and both are in the order Gruiformes.

The family is diverse, and includes the crakes, coots, and gallinules. Many species are associated with wetlands, although the family is found in every terrestrial habitat except dry deserts, polar regions and alpine areas above the snow line. The Rallidae are found on every continent except Antarctica. There are numerous island species. The most common habitats are marshland or dense forest. They like dense vegetation.

There are many rails on islands, and they are often flightless.

## Flight and flightlessness
The wings of all rails are short and rounded. Their flight is not powerful, but can continue for long periods, and many species migrate annually. The weakness of their flight means they are easily blown off course, so they are common vagrants. This has led them to colonize many isolated oceanic islands. Furthermore, these birds often prefer to run rather than fly, especially in dense shrub or woodland habitats. Some are also flightless at some time during their moult period.

Many island rails are flightless because on a small island without threatening predators they do not need to fly or move long distances. Flight makes intense demands, with the keel and flight muscles taking up to a quarter of a bird's weight. Reducing the flight muscles lowers the metabolic demands, and reduces the flightless rail's energy needs. For this reason, flightlessness makes it easier to survive and colonize an island where resources may be limited. Flightlessness can evolve extremely rapidly in island rails; it took as little as 125,000 years for the Laysan rail to lose the power of flight and evolve the reduced, stubby wings only useful to keep balance when running quickly.

## References
Aleutian Islands

The **Aleutian Islands** (; possibly from Chukchi *aliat*, "island") are a chain of more than 300 small volcanic islands. 

They are in the Northern Pacific Ocean. They are spread out over an area of 6,821 sq mi (17,666&nbsp;km²) and go out about  west from the Alaska Peninsula toward the Kamchatka Peninsula. They mark a line between the Bering Sea and the Pacific Gulf of Alaska. Crossing longitude 180°, they are the furthest West part of the United States  Nearly all the islands are part of Alaska but at the extreme western end are the Commander Islands which are in Russia. The islands, with their 57 volcanoes, are in the northern part of the Pacific Ring of Fire. The Alaska Marine Highway passes through the islands.

About 8,200 people live in 11 towns or villages on seven islands of the US part. About 600 people live in the Russian part of the islands.
Wynonna Judd

**Wynonna Ellen Judd** (born **Christina Claire Ciminella**; May 30, 1964) is an American singer and songwriter.  She was born in Ashland, Kentucky.  She first rose to fame during the 1980s as part of the duo The Judds with her mother Naomi Judd, who was also a singer. The duo had seven albums via Curb Records. Wynonna has had many solo albums. In 1992 she had her first number one album on Billboard's Top Country Albums.

Wynonna's half-sister is actress Ashley Judd.  She was married to Arch Kelley from 1996 to 1999, with whom she has two children.  She was later to married to D. R. Roach from 2003 until 2007 and to Cactus Moser as of 2012.

## Singles
### As lead artist
## Filmography 
## Related pages
*List of country musicians from Kentucky

## Sources
Jewel (singer)

**Jewel Kilcher** (born May 23, 1974), known simply as **Jewel**, is an American singer-songwriter. She has had four Grammy Award . Jewel was born in Payson, Utah, but raised in Anchorage, Alaska.

## References
Woody Bay railway station

**Woody Bay** was a station on the old Lynton and Barnstaple Railway, a narrow gauge railway line that ran through Exmoor from Barnstaple to Lynton and Lynmouth in North Devon. The station was inland, about 2&nbsp;km from **Woody Bay** itself. It opened with the line (as *Wooda Bay* until the name was changed in 1901) on 7 March 1898, and closed when the line was closed on 29 September 1935. From 1923 until closure, the line was part of the Southern Railway.

Woody Bay station was built in part to serve the expected development of a resort at Woody Bay, a mile or so to the north.  A pier was built in the bay, although not much more building took place, and the pier was destroyed by storms before it properly opened.
The development was stopped when the promotor went bankrupt in 1900, and although a route was surveyed for a branch line to the bay, it was never built.

After being bought by the Lynton and Barnstaple Railway Company in 1995, restoration of the station began, and it opened as a Visitors' Centre in 2003.  An "out and back" service over a few hundred yards of track began in 2004, and with the opening of a temporary station at Killington Lane, about one mile towards Parracombe Halt, a regular "point to point" service started in 2006.

A carriage shed has been built into a cutting beyond the station.  It is a temporary structure erected in 2003, and can be moved when the line expands.

Woody Bay station is at:
Blades of Glory

***Blades of Glory*** is a 2007 American sports comedy movie that was produced by Ben Stiller, Stuart Cornfeld and John Jacobs and was directed by Josh Gordon and Will Speck. Blades of Glory was given a 69% Fresh rating on Rotten Tomatoes and a 64 out of 100 rating on Metacritic. Blades of Glory grossed $33,014,202 on its opening weekend with 3,372 theaters, beating Disney's Meet the Robinsons to be the number 1 film. Voice clips from the movie are featured in the 2011 song, "Niggas in Paris" by Jay-Z and Kanye West.

## Cast 
*Jon Heder as James "Jimmy" MacElroy
*Will Ferrell as Charles "Chazz" Michael Michaels
*Amy Poehler as Fairchild Van Waldenberg
*Will Arnett as Stranz Van Waldenberg
*Jenna Fischer as Katie Van Waldenberg
*Craig T. Nelson as Coach Robert
*Nick Swardson as Hector
*Romany Malco as Jesse
*Rob Corddry as Bryce
*William Daniels as Commissioner Ebbers
*William Fichtner as Darren MacElroy

## References
## Other websites
*Blades of Glory's official website 
* 
*
Brent Peterson (ice hockey, born 1972)

**Brent Peterson** (born July 20, 1972 in Calgary, Alberta) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey player. Peterson, a left winger, played in 56 games over three seasons for the National Hockey League's (NHL) Tampa Bay Lightning, scoring nine goals and assisting on one. After his three NHL seasons, Peterson spent four seasons in Europe, playing for teams in Switzerland and Germany.

## Early years
Peterson joined the United States Hockey League's Thunder Bay Flyers for the 1990–91 season, at the age of eighteen. In 48 regular season games, he recorded 27 goals and 40 assists, and added eight goals and nine assists in 10 playoff games. Peterson's statistical production declined slightly in his last college season, 1995–96, as he posted 20 goals and 16 assists. Following the end of his college career, he was sent to the Atlanta Knights, the Lightning's affiliate in the minor league International Hockey League (IHL). With the Knights, Peterson had 28 points in 69 regular season games, but went scoreless in three playoff games. In 1996–97, Peterson spent most of his playing time with the American Hockey League's Adirondack Red Wings, for whom he scored 45 points in the regular season and four in the playoffs. During that season, he made his NHL debut with the Lightning, and scored two goals in 17 games. During the 1999–00 season, Peterson spent the entire campaign with the Admirals, the Predators' IHL affiliate, scoring 32 points in the regular season and five in the playoffs. Peterson moved to Europe for the 2000–01 season, beginning the season with the SCL Tigers in Switzerland's National League A. In 10 games, he recorded three goals and two assists before moving to Germany to play for the Deutsche Eishockey Liga's Kassel Huskies. Peterson finished 2000–01 season with the Tigers and spent three more seasons with the club; his best statistical season in Germany was 2002–03, when he had 25 regular season points, along with three in the playoffs.

## References
## Other websites
*
Kathleen Turner

**Mary Kathleen Turner** (born June 19, 1954) is an American actress. She became famous during the 1980s with Hollywood movies including: *Body Heat*, *Romancing the Stone* and *Peggy Sue Got Married*. Turner has starred in many television programs and theatrical movies. She was born in Springfield, Missouri. She is a Democrat.

## References
## Other websites 
*
Damian Marley

**Damian "Jr. Gong" Marley** (born July 21, 1978 in Kingston, Jamaica) is a Jamaican singer, songwriter, rapper and DJ.  Marley has won four Grammy Awards. He is the son of Bob Marley.

## Personal life 
Marley has released four studio albums. Marley has ten siblings: Ky-Mani, Julian, Stephanie, Karen, Rohan, Robbie, Stephen, Ziggy, Cedella and Sharon. Marley has a football team named after him in England called FC Zion. 

## Discography
Damian Marley has released 4 studio albums:

## References 
## Other websites 
* Damian Marley official website
Upstate New York

**Upstate New York** is the part of the state of New York that is north or west of the New York metropolitan area.
## Geography
Upstate cities include Binghamton, Buffalo, Rochester, Syracuse, Ithaca and Utica.  Rural areas of New York are also upstate.  These include the Adirondack Mountains and the Mohawk Valley.  Culturally, upstate New York is quite different than New York City.

## Politics
The people who live in upstate New York came from different places than the people who live in New York City.  Also, upstate New York is more moderate politically, with rural counties voting more conservative and urban counties more liberal, contrasted with the mostly liberal New York City.
## Attractions
Attractions in Upstate New York include:
*Corning Museum of Glass, Corning
*Culinary Institute of America, Hyde Park
*International Boxing Hall of Fame, Canastota
*National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum, Cooperstown
*Niagara Falls, Niagara Falls
*Women's Rights National Historical Park, National Women's Hall of Fame, Seneca Falls
Endgame (chess)

The **endgame** in chess (or *end game* or *ending*) is the part of the game when there are few pieces left on the board. Alternatively, endgames begin when the middlegame is over, and kings are relatively safe.

## Features of endgame play 
There are three main strategic differences between earlier parts of the game and endgame:
the 
**Pawns*: during the endgame, pawns become more special. In the endgame, one thing players try to do is to  a pawn by advancing it to the eighth rank.
* *Kings*: may become strong pieces in the endgame. The king may be brought towards the center of the board. There it can support its own pawns, attack the opponent's pawns, and oppose the opponent's king.
* *Draws*: in the endgame, a game may be drawn because there are too few pieces on the board to allow a player to win. This is one of the main reasons for games to be drawn.

All endgame positions can be put into two camps. On the one hand are positions which may be won by force. On the other hand are positions which are drawn, or which should be drawn. The ones that are drawn for certain may be legally drawn (mate could not happen) or drawn by chess experience (no sane defence could lose). All endgames in master chess revolve around the borderline between winning and drawing. Generally, once a 'textbook' drawn position is reached the players will agree a draw; otherwise they play on.

Endgames can be studied according to the type of pieces that remain on board. For example, king and pawn endgames have only kings and pawns on one or both sides and the task of the stronger side is to promote one of the pawns. Other endings are studied according to the pieces on board other than kings, e.g. rook and pawn versus rook endgame.

## Basic checkmates 
Basic checkmates are positions in which one side has only a king and the other side has one or two pieces, enough to checkmate the opponent's king. They are usually learned at the beginner stage. Examples are mate with K+Q v K; K+R v K; K+2B v K; K+B&N v K (this one is quite difficult).

## Technical endgames 
Positions for which the result is certain, given best play, are technical positions. The best example is the analysis by computer chess engine of all possible positions with six pieces or fewer. This is called proof by exhaustion or exhaustive proof. It is logically the same as proving a mathematical theorem by proving the complete set of individual cases covered by the theorem.

### Endgame tablebases 
After the chess engine has analysed the positions, the results are put into an endgame tablebase for easy retrieval by users. Working with a database to discover previously unknown facts is called '**data mining**'.

A number of interesting and surprising facts have indeed emerged. For example, For all three- to five-piece endgames and pawnless six-piece endgames, a complete list of mutual zugzwangs has been tabulated and published.

Another case is the longest sequence of moves to reach a definite result, called 'Depth to conversion'. In May 2006, Bourzutschky and Konoval discovered a KQN vs KRBN position with an astonishing DTC of 517 moves.

## References
Social Futebol Clube

**Social Futebol Clube** is a football club which plays in Brazil.

## Honours
*Campeonato Mineiro da Primeira Divisão Módulo II: 2
**1996, 2007

*Campeonato Mineiro da Segunda Divisão: 1
**1995
Precision Approach Path Indicator

The **Precision Approach Path Indicator** (PAPI) is a visual system next to the touch-point on a runway. The purpose of the system is to lead a plane in correct approach. The PAPI creates ray of light which gives pilot information about his actual height. 

Principle:

*If plane is over correct approach line, pilot will see 3 white lights and 1 red. If he is higher, he will see all lights in white.
*If plane keeps correct approach, pilot will see 2 white lights and 2 red. The right line is in the angle 3 degrees from axis of airport.
*If plane is under correct approach line, pilot will see 3 red lights and 1 white. If he is lower, he will see all lights in red.

The rules about the parameters are written in standard ANNEX 14 ICAO. The brochure contains more specific information about intensity of ray, location where we can get device etc.

File:PAPI_M39.jpg|The PAPI device
File:PAPI german.svg|Principle of PAPI indication
Twiztid

**Twiztid** are an American hip-hop/horrorcore group from Detroit, Michigan. The group consists of two members: Jamie Madrox and Monoxide. 

## Albums 
Twiztid has released five studio albums:

## Websites 
Twiztid's Official website
University of California, San Diego

The **University of California, San Diego** (**UCSD** or **UC San Diego**) is a public research university. It is in the La Jolla neighborhood of San Diego, California, United States. UCSD is part of the University of California system. It was founded in 1960 near the Scripps Institution of Oceanography. 

There were 22,048 undergraduate and 5,073 graduate students in fall 2007. The university awarded 6,802 degrees in 2005/06. The university is organized into six undergraduate colleges and six graduate divisions. It offers 125 undergraduate majors, 52 master's degrees, 51 doctoral programs, and four professional degrees.

In 2012, UCSD was ranked the 15th best university in the world by the Academic Ranking of World Universities.  The 2010 edition of U.S. News & World Report ranked UC San Diego as the 35th best university in the nation. UCSD is consistently ranked high in other college and university rankings. In 2010, the university ranked 1st nationally in *The Washington Monthly*.

## Other websites
*Official website of the University of California, San Diego
*Historical Overview of UCSD
*NEES @ UC San Diego Large High Performance Outdoor Shake Table website 

## References
Luther Vandross

**Luther Ronzoni Vandross Jr.** (April 20, 1951 – July 1, 2005) was an American R&B/soul singer-songwriter, record producer and actor. He sold over 25 million albums and won eight Grammy Awards during his singing career.

Vandross died of a heart attack on July 1, 2005. Luther Vandross’ net worth. 

## References 
## Other websites
University of California

.]]The **University of California** (**UC**) is a public university system in the state of California. The University of California is a part of the state's three-tier public higher education system, which also includes the California State University system and the California Community Colleges system.

The University of California has a combined student body of more than 220,000 students and over 170,000 faculty and staff. Its first campus, UC Berkeley, was founded in 1868, while its tenth and newest campus, University of California, Merced, opened for classes in fall 2005. 

The University of California's campuses boast large numbers of distinguished faculty in almost every field and is widely regarded as one of the top public university systems in the world. Eight of its undergraduate campuses are ranked among the top 100, six among the top 50, and two among the top 25 U.S. universities by *U.S. News and World Report*. All of its undergraduate campuses except UC Merced are members of the Association of American Universities, a group of over 70 top U.S. and Canadian research universities. The current president of the University of California is Janet Napolitano.

## Campuses
* University of California, Berkeley
* University of California, Davis
* University of California, Irvine
* University of California, Los Angeles
* University of California, Merced
* University of California, Riverside
* University of California, San Diego
* University of California, San Francisco – Admits only graduate students in the health sciences.
* University of California, Santa Barbara
* University of California, Santa Cruz
* The University of California College of the Law, San Francisco is affiliated with UC, but governed separately from the rest of the UC system.

## Other websites
*Official website of the University of California

## Notes
Brown pelican

The **brown pelican** (*Pelecanus occidentalis*) is a large bird that lives along the coasts of the Atlantic, Pacific Ocean, and Gulf of Mexico in North and South America.

Brown pelicans are carnivores (meat-eaters) and hunt during the day (they are diurnal). They eat mostly fish and some amphibians and crustaceans.
University of California, Santa Barbara

The **University of California, Santa Barbara** (also referred to as **UCSB** and **UC Santa Barbara**) is a research university in Santa Barbara, California, United States. The third-oldest of the ten major campuses affiliated with the University of California, Santa Barbara offeres 87 undergraduate and 55 graduate degree programs in a wide range of disciplines. The main campus is located on a  site in Santa Barbara, California,  northwest of Los Angeles. The University was founded in 1909 and joined the University of California-system in 1944.

UC Santa Barbara is a "very high activity" research university. UCSB houses twelve national research centers.  UCSB faculty includes five Nobel Prize laureates, one Fields Medalist, 29 members of the *United States National Academy of Sciences*, 27 members of the *National Academy of Engineering*, and 23 members of the *American Academy of Arts and Sciences*.

## Other websites
*Official website of the University of California, Santa Barbara

## Notes
Julia Stiles

**Julia Stiles** (born March 28, 1981, New York City) is an American actress. She played Nicky Parsons in the *Bourne* movie series. She is also a stage and television actress. On March 17, 2001, Stiles hosted *Saturday Night Live*. She is a feminist.

## References
Dorothy Hamill

**Dorothy Hamill** (born July 26, 1956) is an American athlete. She won a gold medal in the 1976 Winter Olympics in figure skating.
Hamill was born in Chicago but grew up in Greenwich, Connecticut. She was married to Dean Paul Martin from 1982 until they divorced in 1984. She was married to Kenneth Forsythe from 1987 until 1995. Hamill has been married to John MacColl since 2009. She has a daughter by Forsythe.

## References
Peggy Fleming

**Peggy Fleming** is an American figure skater and ABC Sports television commentator. She was the champion at 1968 Winter Olympics. She was born July 27, 1948 in San Jose, California.

## References
## Other websites
Ryu Gwan-sun

**Ryu Gwan-sun** or **Yu Gwan-sun** (Hangul: 유관순, Hanja: 柳寬順) (December 17, 1902 – September 28, 1920) was a Christian Korean freedom fighter who protested against the Japanese occupation of Korea.

## Childhood 
Ryu Gwansun was born on November 17, 1902, in a small farming village. Her brother said that she taught herself how to read Hangul. She was a playful, lively child who enjoyed running "like a boy" and was able to memorize Bible verses quickly.

## Demonstrations 
Ryu Gwansun joined in the March 1st Movement with some friends from her school, though her teacher strongly told them not to. She was taken to prison for a short time, and her school was closed. The Japanese police shot at the people, and about 19 people died, including Ryu's parents. Ryu Gwansun was taken to prison. She died on September 28, 1920 from injuries sustained from torture and beatings in prison.

## References
Mary Lou Retton

**Mary Lou Retton** (born January 24, 1968) is an American gymnast. She was born in Fairmont, Virginia. Retton won gold, silver and bronze medals in the 1984 Summer Olympics. She was the first female outside Eastern Europe to win an Olympic all around title.

## References
Display (zoology)

d feathers.]]
 shed and replace their antlers every year]]
s have a beautiful courtship display.]] 

**Display** is a form of animal behaviour, linked to survival of the species in various ways. 

One function of display is in . In most species the male has a striking feature that is distinguished by colour, shape or size, used to attract a female. In many species the male has another, more cryptic, form out of the mating season.

A related function is  (horns, teeth) exhibited and used by 'tournament' species. In these species, males fight to gain the 'right' to breed. The display part of the process is a mechanism for younger males to avoid being damaged by prime males. Instinctive behaviour prompts lesser males to leave the field. Peafowl, deer, antelope and elephant seals are good examples.

The other main function is in species which have territorial display behaviour. This may preserve a foraging or hunting territory for its family or group.
Jimmy Roy

**Jimmy Roy** (born September 22, 1975 in Sioux Lookout, Ontario) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey left winger. He played a total of five seasons with Iserlohn Roosters of the Deutsche Eishockey Liga (DEL). He also played for the Manitoba Moose of the International Hockey League (IHL) / American Hockey League (AHL).

## Playing career
Roy was drafted 254th overall by the Dallas Stars in the 1994 NHL Entry Draft but never played in the National Hockey League. After spending two years at Michigan Technological University he signed with the Manitoba Moose in 1997. Roy spent nine seasons with the Manitoba Moose, the first four in the International Hockey League and the rest in the American Hockey League after the Moose became members of the league when the IHL folded. He holds different team records like games played and most goals. For the 2006–07 season Roy signed with the Iserlohn Roosters of the Deutsche Eishockey Liga. In Iserlohn he developed to a key player, known for his leading quality on and off the ice. He also helped the club to sign some former Moose players like Ryan Ready and Pat Kavanagh. Roy extended his contract after his first season in Germany for two years. On Christmas Day 2008 the Roosters announced again that Roy has signed for two more years. As a Rooster he usually plays on a line with Ryan Ready. In the 2007–08 season their center was Pat Kavanagh, the next season Bob Wren was their linemate.

In 2011, Roy would retire from playing professional ice hockey. After retiring, he would accept a job to become the director of player development for the Winnipeg Jets.

## Awards
* 2002–03 Yanick Dupre Memorial Award
* 2006 AHL All-Star Game

## Career statistics
## References
## Other websites
*
Jean-François Labbé

**Jean-François "J.F." Labbé**, nicknamed **Ti-Mine**, (born June 15, 1972) is a retired Canadian professional ice hockey goaltender.

## Playing career
After playing four seasons in the Quebec Major Junior Hockey League, Labbé began a very successful American Hockey League career.  He played for the Prince Edward Island Senators, Cornwall Aces, Hershey Bears, Hamilton Bulldogs, Hartford Wolf Pack and Syracuse Crunch in his AHL tenure.  His best season came in 1996–1997 with the Hershey Bears, when he won both the Hap Holmes Memorial Award for lowest goals against average and the Les Cunningham Award for league MVP. Labbé won the Calder Cup with the Hartford Wolf Pack in 2000.

Labbé appeared in 15 NHL games: one with the New York Rangers at the end of the 1999–2000 season and 14 with the Columbus Blue Jackets during the 2001–02 and 2002–03 seasons.

He played for the Saint-Georges Garaga in the Ligue Nord-Américaine de Hockey in 2003–2004 after a short stint with the Tolyatti Lada in the Russian Hockey Super League.

Labbé has played in the DEL for three seasons, with Augsburger Panther in 2004–05 and with the Sinupret Ice Tigers in 2005–06 and 2006–07.

For the 2007–08 season he joined the Vienna Capitals in Austria's Erste Bank Hockey League.

Labbé was selected for induction as part of the American Hockey League Hall of Fame's 2016 class.

## Awards
*1996-97 AHL Hap Holmes Memorial Award (lowest GAA)
*1996-97 AHL Les Cunningham Award (MVP)
*1999-00 AHL Hap Holmes Memorial Award (lowest GAA)

## Records
Labbé currently holds records with the Syracuse Crunch for:
*Lowest GAA in a single season - 2.18 (2001–02)
*Highest single season save percentage - .928 (2001–02)
*Career shutouts - 11

## References
## Other websites
*
Tim Leveque

**Tim Leveque** (born June 13, 1968) is a Canadian retired professional ice hockey player. He is most famous for being the Laval Chiefs enforcer that is called up later in the season in the hockey documentary "Les Chiefs".

## Playing career
Leveque started his career with the Thunder Bay Senators of the Colonial Hockey League during the 1993-94 season. In two games, Leveque accumulated 23 PIMs.

After an eight year layoff, Leveque would resurface with the Laval Chiefs of the Quebec Semi-Pro Hockey League (currently the LNAH). Leveque would engage in several fights with Dominic "The Giant" Forcier of the Sorel Royaux during the season. Forcier who stood 6' 7" and 320&nbsp;lbs, was taken down by Leveque during each of their three fights. After Leveque's final fight with Forcier on February 10, 2002, he would fight Chad Nicholson in the closing minutes of the same game. This would be Leveque's final game with the Chiefs. After the game, Leveque would tell the team that he had "connections in Norfolk" and that he was leaving the team.

In 2004, Leveque received a tryout with the Sherbrooke Saint-Francois. He would play one game with Sherbrooke, and was briefly involved in a fight with David Lessard. Leveque would be released after the game.

In 2005, Leveque played a preseason game with the Sorel-Tracy Mission and fought Corey Dean. After one game with the Mission, Leveque was released.

## References
## Other websites
*
Antelope

]]
]]
 antelope]]
 are the largest antelopes.]]

**Antelope** is a term for many even-toed ungulate species. *Antelope is not a strict taxonomic term* because they are not a clade. Antelope is a 'wastebasket taxon' in the family Bovidae. It includes the old-world species which are not cattle, sheep, buffalo, bison, or goats. 

Antelopes occupy the ecological niche which deer occupy north of the Sahara. Both deer and antelopes are grass-eating mammals which have replaced browsers as the dominant vegetarian animals as forests gave way to grasslands.

Antelope are found mostly in Africa below the Sahara, and parts of Asia. No antelope are native to North America: the pronghorn is a member of the family Antilocapridae, another family. True antelope have horns which are unbranched and never shed, while pronghorns have branching horns, and shed annually. 

There are 91 species of antelope, most of which are native to Africa, in about 30 genera. A group of antelope is called a herd.

Species of forest, woodland, or bush tend to be , but many of the plains species undertake huge migrations. These migrations enable grass-eating species to follow the rains and therefore their food supply. The gnus and gazelles of East Africa perform some of the most impressive mass migratory circuits of all mammals. 

All bovids have even-toed hooves, horizontal pupils, ruminating guts, and (in at least the males) bony horns.
Many antelope are sexually dimorphic. In most species, both sexes have horns, but those of males tend to be larger. There is a tendency for males to be larger than the females

Horns are not shed and are not made of bone, which distinguishes them from antlers.
Gazelles and springbok are known for their speed and leaping abilities. Even larger antelope, such as elands, and kudus, are capable of jumping 8 feet (2.4 m) or greater, although their running speed is restricted by their greater mass.

## References
Damian Jackson

**Damian Jacques Jackson** (born August 16, 1973 in Los Angeles, California) is an American baseball player. He is a second baseman for the Orange County Flyers of Golden Baseball League.

Jackson has formerly played for the Cleveland Indians from 1996-97, Cincinnati Reds from 1997-98, San Diego Padres from 1999-01, Detroit Tigers in 2002, Boston Red Sox in 2003, Chicago Cubs in 2004, Kansas City Royals in 2004, again with the San Diego Padres in 2005 and the Washington Nationals in 2006.

## Other websites
*Damian Jackson at sports.espn.go.com
Trent McCleary

**Trent Kenneth McCleary** (born September 8, 1972) is a Canadian former professional hockey player who played for the Boston Bruins, Ottawa Senators and Montreal Canadiens in the National Hockey League (NHL). His career was ended in 2000 after taking a slapshot to the throat, an injury that required life-saving surgery moments after the incident. He played 192 games, scoring 8 goals and 23 points.

## Playing career
A native of Swift Current, Saskatchewan, McCleary played junior hockey in the Western Hockey League (WHL) with his home-town Swift Current Broncos beginning in 1988.  He played a total of four seasons with the Broncos, winning the WHL championship and Memorial Cup with the team in 1988–89 though he played only three games with the team. He was a defensive forward in the WHL, but scored 50 points in his final year in helping the Broncos win a second championship. He added a goal in four games at the 1993 Memorial Cup.

The Ottawa Senators signed McCleary as an undrafted free agent upon his graduation, and he spent the majority of the 1993–94 season with the Thunder Bay Senators of the Colonial Hockey League (CoHL).

He made his NHL debut in Ottawa in 1995–96, scoring 14 points in 75 games.  The Senators traded McCleary, along with a draft pick to the Boston Bruins for Shawn McEachern following the season.

His rights ultimately released by the Bruins, McCleary signed with the Montreal Canadiens as a free agent in 1998, appearing in 46 NHL games in 1998–99. He recovered, splitting the early part of the season between the Canadiens and the Quebec Citadelles in the AHL. He was critically injured when hit in the throat by the shot which fractured his larynx and resulted in a collapsed lung.  He regained the ability to talk after six weeks and several surgeries.

McCleary attempted a comeback at the start of the 2000–01 season. Despite doubts he would be capable of returning, the Canadiens signed him to a one-year, US$300,000 contract.  He appeared in exhibition games with the Canadians, but found he was unable to play a full shift without running short of breath. He was examined by his doctor, who noted that because his air passage was left 15% narrower than before his injury, it was too dangerous for him to continue playing.  As a result, on September 20, 2000, McCleary announced his retirement, calling it the "toughest day" in his seven year career. The Canadiens kept him in the organization, naming him a WHL scout.  He and his wife Tammy have three children.

## Career statistics
## References
## Other websites
*
Opossum

**Opossums** are the largest order of marsupials  in the Western Hemisphere, the **Didelphimorphia**. 

They are often called possums, though that term is more properly applied to Australian fauna of the suborder Phalangeriformes. 

The Virginia opossum was the first animal to be called an *opossum*: the word comes from the Algonquian language, and means "white beast." It was one of the few South American marsupials to establish itself permanently in North America after the Great American Interchange, and the only one to survive there today.

Scientists used to believe that opossums hosted large numbers of ticks, but now they think they do not. Wildlife scientist Cecilia Hennessy thinks this belief came from a paper called "Hosts as ecological traps for the vector of Lyme disease." Hennessy did her own study and found that opossums do not eat many ticks. She and her team looked at opossums' stomachs and found animals without bones like beetles and worms, animals with bones like amphibians and small mammals, plants including grass, leaves and seeds, and garbage.    

Marsupials like opossums are born before their jaw bones have grown enough for them to drink their mothers' milk the way other baby mammals do.  Scientists from King's College London found that opossums and other marsupials use tissue from their inner ear to make a temporary jaw so they can feed and grow.

## References
Daryl Hannah

**Daryl Christine Hannah** (born December 3, 1960 in Chicago, Illinois) is an American actress and environmental activist. She starred in many movies during the 1980s, including *Splash*.

## References
## Other websites 
*
Bredevoort Castle

]]
The **Castle of Bredevoort** was a castle in the city of Bredevoort, Guelders in the Netherlands. 

## History
The name of the castle was for the first time written in the year 1188 as "castrum Breidervort".

In 1646 lightning hit the gunpowder tower of the castle, causing an explosion that destroyed the castle and the town, killing Lord Haersolte of Bredevoort and his family, as well as others. Only one son, Anthonie, who was not home that day, survived.

In April 2009 big walls were discovered  underground in the heart of the town. On the square they found remain of the gate building which was a part of the ring wall surrounding the castle. That foundation is visible on the square today.