open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Bento Rodrigues dam disaster

The **Bento Reodrigues dam disaster** happened on  5 November 2015, when a dam at a Germano iron ore mine broke. The disaster is also known as  **Mariana dam disaster,** or **Samarco dam disaster**. It happened in a mine near Mariana, Minas Gerais, Brazil. The flooding devastated the downstream villages of Bento Rodrigues and Paracatu de Baixo,  from Bento Rodrigues, killing 19 people. The damage caused by the tailings dam collapse is the largest ever recorded with pollutants spread along  of watercourses.

The failure of the dam released 43.7 million cubic metres of mine tailings into the Doce River. A  toxic brown mudflow polluted the river and beaches near the mouth when it reached the Atlantic Ocean 17 days later. The disaster created a humanitarian crisis as hundreds were displaced and cities along the Doce River suffered water shortages when their water supplies were polluted.

The total impact of the disaster, including the reason for failure and the environmental consequences, are officially under investigation and remain unclear. The owner of the Bento Rodrigues dam, Samarco, was subject to extensive litigation and government sanctions. In 2016, charges of manslaughter and environmental damage were filed against 21 executives, including Samarco's former CEO and representatives from Samarco's owners, Vale and BHP Billiton, on its board of directors. Controversy over the investigation grew after a 2013 report, indicating structural issues in the dam, was leaked.

## References
Barco

**Barco NV** is a Belgian technology company. Barco focusing on three core markets: entertainment, enterprise, and healthcare. Barco is headquartered in Kortrijk, Belgium. 

The company has 400 granted patents. Shares of Barco are listed on Euronext Brussels.

Barco is an acronym (**B**elgian **A**merican **R**adio **Co**rporation).

Barco was founded in 1934 in the town of Poperinge. Founder is Lucien Depuydt. In 1989, Barco acquired EMT. In 2018, Barco sold subsidiary Barco Silex.

## References
Charuplaya tree frog

The **Charuplaya tree frog** (*Boana callipleura*) is a frog that lives in Bolivia.  Scientists have seen it between 700 and 2300 meters above sea level.

## References
The Patriot (wrestler)

**Delbert Alexander** "**Del**" **Wilkes, Jr.**June 30, 2021) was an American professional wrestler and college football player. He had many ring names such as **The Trooper** and **The Patriot**. Wilkes wrestled for the American Wrestling Association, the Global Wrestling Federation, All Japan Pro Wrestling, World Championship Wrestling, and the World Wrestling Federation.

Wilkes died of a heart attack on June 30, 2021 in Newberry, South Carolina, at the age of 59.

## References
Desmond O'Malley

'''Desmond Joseph O'Malley''' (2 February 1939 – 21 July 2021) was an Irish politician. He was a Teachta Dála (TD) for the Limerick East constituency from 1968 to 2002. He was born in Limerick, Ireland. He was also the founder and Leader of the Progressive Democrats from 1985 to 1993.

O'Malley was Minister for Industry and Commerce from 1977 to 1981 and 1989 to 1992. O'Malley also was Minister for Trade, Commerce and Tourism from March 1982 to October 1982, Minister for Justice from 1970 to 1973 and Government Chief Whip and Parliamentary Secretary to the Minister of Defence from 1969 to 1970.

O'Malley died on 21 July 2021 in Dublin, aged 82.

## References
Peanut oil

**Peanut oil** is a type of vegetable oil that comes from the fat in peanuts. This oil is known to have a neutral flavour unless the peanuts were roasted first. It is commonly used in deep frying.

## Composition 
Peanut oil is 17% saturated fat, 46% monounsaturated fat, and 32% polyunsaturated fat (table).

## References
Boniface Alexandre

**Boniface Alexandre** (31 July 1936 &ndash; 4 August 2023) was a Haitian politician. Alexandre served as the provisional President of Haiti following the 2004 Haitian coup d'état until May 2006.

During Alexandre's acting presidency, Amnesty International found that many people have been kidnapped, murdered and imprisoned without charge or trial.

Alexandre died on 4 August 2023 at his home in Port-au-Prince, Haiti, four days after his 87th birthday.

## References
Monkey on My Back (movie)

***Monkey on My Back*** is a 1957 American biographical movie directed by Andre DeToth and starring Cameron Mitchell, Dianne Foster, Paul Richards, Jack Albertson, Kathy Garver, Barry Kelley,  Raymond Greenleaf, Richard Benedict. It was distributed by United Artists.

## Other websites
* 
* 
*
Corn oil

**Corn oil** (also called **maize oil**) is a type of cooking oil. It comes from the fat in the germ of corn seeds. It is a cheap oil compared to others. It is commonly used in frying at high heats.

## Composition 
Corn oil is 12.9% saturated fat, 27.6% monounsaturated fat, and 54.7% polyunsaturated fat.

## References
Juan Vital Sourrouille

**Juan Vital Sourrouille** (13 August 1940 &ndash; 21 July 2021) was an Argentine economist and politician. Sourrouille was born in Buenos Aires. He was the Minister of Economy of Argentina during the government of Raúl Alfonsín from 1985 until 1989. He created the Austral plan.

Sourrouille died on 21 July 2021 in Buenos Aires from colorectal cancer, aged 80.

## References
The Disputed Vote of Mr. Cayo

***The Disputed Vote of Mr. Cayo*** is a 1986 Spanish movie directed by Antonio Giménez-Rico and starring Francisco Rabal, Juan Luis Galiardo, Iñaki Miramón, Lydia Bosch.

## Other websites
*
A Year of the Quiet Sun

***A Year of the Quiet Sun*** () is a 1984 Polish Italian German World War II romantic drama movie directed by Krzysztof Zanussi and starring Maja Komorowska, Scott Wilson, Ewa Dałkowska, Vadim Glowna, Zbigniew Zapasiewicz, Zofia Rysiówna.

## Other websites
*
Ash Wednesday (1973 movie)

***Ash Wednesday*** is a 1973 American mystery drama movie directed by Larry Peerce and starring Elizabeth Taylor, Henry Fonda, Helmut Berger, Keith Baxter. It was distributed by Paramount Pictures.

## Other websites
*
Stealing Heaven

***Stealing Heaven*** is a 1988 British Serbian romantic drama movie directed by Clive Donner and was based on the novel of the same name by Marion Meade. It stars Derek de Lint, Kim Thomson, Denholm Elliott, Bernard Hepton, Kenneth Cranham, Rachel Kempson, Angela Pleasence, Patsy Byrne, Timothy Watson, Victoria Burgoyne.

## Other websites
*
IJustine

**Justine Ezarik** (born March 20, 1984) is an American YouTuber, host, author and actress and the winner of the 7000th show *The Price is Right*. She is best known as **iJustine**, with over a billion views across her YouTube channels since 2006. She gained attention as a lifecaster who communicated directly with her millions of viewers on her Justin.tv channel, ijustine.tv.

## Other websites
*
Blackmail (1939 movie)

***Blackmail*** is a 1939 American crime drama movie directed by H. C. Potter and starring Edward G. Robinson, Ruth Hussey, Gene Lockhart, Bobs Watson, John Wray, Arthur Hohl, Esther Dale. It was distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer.

## Other websites
* 
* 
*
Kevin Brueck

**Kevin Brueck** (born April 27, 1978) is an American voice actor and YouTuber, most notable for his involvement in the web series the *Annoying Orange* franchise and the spin-off *Liam the Leprechaun* franchise. He is also known for voicing many characters on the YouTube web series *The Annoying Orange*; his most famous voice role is that of Grandpa Lemon, Lemon's grandfather.

## Other websites
*
Biggles (movie)

***Biggles*** is a 1986 British World War I science fiction adventure movie directed by John Hough and starring Nick Dickson, Alex Hyde-White, Fiona Hutchison, Peter Cushing, William Hootkins, Francesca Gonshaw, Daniel Flynn.

## Other websites
*
List of presidents of Lebanon

## List of officeholders
### State of Greater Lebanon, part of the French Mandate (1926–1943)
### Lebanese Republic (1943–present)
## Related pages
* Prime Minister of Lebanon
Boana curupi

The **yellow-spotted tree frog**, **fasciated frog** or **spotted tree frog** (*Boana albopunctata*) is a frog that lives in Paraguay, Brazil, and Argentina. Scientists have seen it between 300 and 700 meters above sea level.

The adult male frog is 29.0 to 43.4&nbsp;mm long from nose to rear end, and the adult female frog is 41.3 to 47.0&nbsp;mm long.

This frog is dark brown in color with darker patches and a white stripe on its lip. It is lighter at the throat. Its bones are green and the iris of its eye is gold.

The frog's name comes from "Curupi," also called "Curipira" or "Kurupira," a creature from folklore that protects the forest and the living things in it.

## References
Netsuke

]]

**Netsuke** is a Japanese miniature sculpture. It appeared in the 17th century. Originally It looked like a hanging keychain on Japanese traditional clothing called kimono. Netsuke was a button fastener on the cords of an inro box.

Netsuke is made of various materials: ivory, boxwood, metal, boar tusk, clay and so on.
Kintsugi

**Kintsugi** (金継ぎ, meaning  "golden joinery"), also called ***kintsukuroi***  (金繕い, "golden repair")*,* is the Japanese art of fixing broken pottery with lacquer dusted or mixed with powdered gold, silver, or platinum. As a philosophy, kintsugi treats breakage and repair as part of the history of an object, instead of something to hide. This is similar to the Japanese philosophy of wabi-sabi.  

## Related pages 
* Maki-e
* Wabi-sabi

## References
Big business

**Big business** means large-scale and corporate-controlled business activities. The term *big business* refers to activities that run from "huge transactions" to the more general "doing big things". United States companies which are classified as big businesses include although are not limited to Walmart, Microsoft, Apple Inc., General Electric, Verizon Communications, Google, General Motors, Amazon, Tesla and Toyota. Apple Inc. had just over $2.1 trillion as of June 2021. Microsoft had almost $1.8 trillion by that same time. Tesla had about $641 billion by June 2021. The biggest United Kingdom business networks are HSBC, Barclays, Unilever and BP (called British Petroleum before 1998).

## The history of big business
According to the *Oxford English Dictionary*, the words *big business* were first mentioned in Frederic Clemson Howe's book *The City: the Hope of Democracy*' in 1905.

The automotive industry started off small in the late 19th century. They grew very fast after large-scale gasoline was developed during the early 20th century.

New technology from computers spread across the world in the years following World War II. Businesses built around computer technology include though are not limited to Microsoft, Apple Inc., Intel, IBM and Samsung.

## The criticism of big business
There are various efforts being made to investigate the effects of "bigness" toward workers, consumers and investors. The effects toward prices and competition are also being looked at.

Large corporations have been subjected to strong controversy and criticism for abusing their employees, exploiting workers, political corruption, white-collar crime and corporate scandals. 

Contrary to popular belief, not all corporations in the United States associate with the Republican Party. Several companies, Delta Air Lines, Coca-Cola and Major League Baseball went against Georgia's new and restrictive voting laws.  Amazon, Google and Starbucks signed a statement that was against legislation which would discriminate against people who have certain racial, ethnic or disability backgrounds and those with certain sexual preferences.

Many Americans believe that corporations have too much power.

Corporate concentration can lead to influence over government in areas such as tax policy, trade policy, environmental policy, foreign policy, and labor policy through lobbying. In 2005, the majority of Americans believed that big business has "too much power in Washington."

## References
Skytech

**Skytech Helicopters** is a Belgian helicopter company. 

Skytech operating heavy-lift helicopters in different countries. 

Сompany was founded in Belgium in November 1989 by helicopter pilots Thierry Lakhanisky and Lucienne De Dryver.

## References
Janssen Pharmaceuticals

**Janssen Pharmaceuticals** is a Belgian pharmaceutical company.  

Company is headquartered in Beerse, Belgium, and owned by Johnson & Johnson. 

Janssen Pharmaceuticals conducts research of a wide range of human medical disorders, including mental illness, neurological disorders, gastrointestinal disorders, HIV/AIDS, allergies and cancer. 

## History 
Company was founded in 1953 by Paul Janssen.

In 1961, Janssen Pharmaceuticals was purchased by American corporation Johnson & Johnson.

## References
2032 Summer Olympics

The **2032 Summer Olympics**, officially known as the **Games of the XXXV Olympiad** and commonly known as **Brisbane 2032**, will be a multi-sport event taking place from 23 July to 8 August 2032, in Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.  The winning bid was selected and announced by the International Olympic Committee on 21 July 2021, right before the 2020 Summer Olympics due to bidding rule changes. Brisbane was first announced as the  bid on 24 February 2021.

## References
Chink (slur)

**Chink** or **ching chong** ( or 清衝 (*qīng chōng*), is a racial slur for a Chinese person. It is mainly used in Australia, New Zealand, the United States, Canada, India, South Africa, the United Kingdom, Ireland and Malaysia. Sometimes, it can be used to speak to anyone of Asian heritage or appearance.

## Related pages 
* Anti-Chinese sentiment
* China
* Chinese diaspora
** Chinese Americans
** Chinese Australians
** Chinese Brits
** Chinese Canadians
** Chinese Malaysians
** Chinese New Zealanders
** Chinese Singaporeans
Paki

**Paki** (Urdu: پاکے) is a British English racial slur targeted at Pakistanis. It is mostly used in the United Kingdom, Ireland, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, America, and India. The word is taken from the Persian, Urdu, and Pashto word *Pak* (پاک) which means purity in the Persian, Pashto, and Urdu languages. 

## References
Bloody hell

**Bloody hell** is a common British swearing phrase used as a milder form of *fucking hell* and a vulgar version of *what the hell*, *bugger*, *crap* or *damn it*. It is used in the United Kingdom, Ireland, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, India, Singapore, Malaysia, Fiji and Sri Lanka.
Conservatorship

In United States law, **conservatorship** is when a protector or guardian is appointed by a court judge to manage the financial affairs for another person. This is usually because that person is old or has physical or mental health problems. People in a conservatorship are called *conservatees*. Conservatees are usually adults. A person in guardianship is called a "ward". The term *ward* is usually used in reference to minors (people under age 18). Conservatorship may also be used for corporations or organizations.

## Appointment of conservatorships
*Conservatorship* refers to the legal responsibility over a person who has a certain mental disorder or a physical health problem. This includes people affected with psychosis, suicidal ideation, certain levels of autism or in some other way are not able to make medical, financial or legal decisions for themselves. 

In relation to the government control of businesses and corporations, like Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae, conservatorship means more temporary control than does nationalization.

## Conservatorship controversy
A recent example of conservatorship controversy is that involving the American pop singer-songwriter Britney Spears. She was put into conservatorship by her father in 2008. The year before, Britney had a mental breakdown. Spears also shaved her head and hit paparazzi with an umbrella but that was because they were violently attacking her. In late 2008, the conservatorship was made permanent. This caused the Free Britney movements. 

In California there are two forms of conservatorship. The Lanterman-Petris-Short conservatorship starts off being temporary. This one is renewed every year if necessary. A probate conservatorship does not have a temporary period. It does not automatically expire. Spears was in the latter (the probate form of conservatorship).

Spears had wanted the conservatorship to be stopped because, she said, her father uses it to abuse and use her, and also it is clearly a dishonest strategy to steal her money and ruin her life.

## References
The Haunted Mansion (movie)

***The Haunted Mansion*** is a 2003 American horror comedy film based on the attraction of the same name at Disney theme parks. Directed by Rob Minkoff, the film is written by David Barenbaum, and stars Eddie Murphy, Terence Stamp, Nathaniel Parker, Marsha Thomason, and Jennifer Tilly.

## Production
Michael Keaton, Brendan Fraser, Jim Carrey, Mel Gibson, Tim Robbins, Jon Lovitz, Tim Allen, Tom Hanks and Mike Myers were also considered for the role of Jim Evers. However, Mike Myers and Tim Robbins were too busy working on *Austin Powers: The Spy Who Shagged Me*.

## Release
The film was theatrically released in the United States on November 26, 2003 and is Disney's second film based on an attraction following the television film *Tower of Terror*. The film grossed $182.3 million worldwide on a $90 million budget and was panned by critics.

## Filming
Principal photography began on December 21, 1998, and wrapped on a April 28, 1999.

## References
Balinese language

**Balinese** (ᬪᬵᬱᬩᬮᬶ ᬩᬲᬩᬮᬶ; *Basä Bali*) is a Malayo-Polynesian language which belongs to the Austronesian language family. It is spoken by the Balinese people on the island of Bali in Indonesia. It is written in both Balinese script and Latin script.

## References
Texaco

**Texaco** (or **The Texas Company**; originally called **The Texas Fuel Company**) is an American petroleum and gasoline company. It was founded in 1902 in SourLake, Texas.  The Chevron Corporation  bought the Texaco company in late 2000.

In 1931, Texaco bought the Indian Oil Company. The Indian Oil Company was in Illinois. This expanded the company's refining and marketing base across the midwestern United States. It also gave Texaco rights to Indian's Havoline motor oil (which became a Texaco product). 

In 1994, the System3 gasolines by Texaco were replaced with new CleanSystem3 gasoline for improved engine performance.

Texaco gasoline contains Techron, an additive developed by Chevron in 2005. It replaces the previous CleanSystem3. This Texaco brand is strong in Latin America, the United States and West Africa. It is also in Europe. In the United Kingdom, there are about 850 Texaco-branded gas stations.

In 2010, Texaco ended business operations across the Mid-Atlantic States. Texaco removed its brand from 450 stations in Delaware, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Maryland, Ohio, Indiana, West Virginia, South Carolina, North Carolina, Kentucky and Washington, D.C..

Texaco once did business in and around the Quad Cities of southeastern Iowa and northwestern Illinois. In the 2000s decade, however, the stores were closed. They were then replaced with Kwik Shop stores in Iowa and with Gas Land stores in Illinois.

## References
Puppet theatre

, Italy.]]
**Puppet theatre** or **puppetry** is a form of theatre where the puppeteer moves the puppets. The puppeteer is usually hidden from the audience. The action of puppet show take place on the small self-made stage. The puppets can be marionette, finger puppets, sock puppets or glove puppets.
The War of the Roses (movie)

***The War of the Roses*** is a 1989 American black comedy film based upon the 1981 novel of the same name by Warren Adler. The film follows a wealthy couple with a seemingly perfect marriage. When their marriage begins to fall apart, material possessions become the center of an outrageous and bitter divorce battle.

The film co-stars Michael Douglas, Kathleen Turner and Danny DeVito. DeVito directed the film, which also had producer James L. Brooks working on a project outside of *The Simpsons*. The opening title sequence was created by Saul Bass and Elaine Makatura Bass.

In both the novel and the film, the married couple's family name is Rose, and the title is an allusion to the battles between the warring Houses of York and Lancaster who were contending for the English throne during the late Middle Ages. In Germany, the film was such a huge success that its German title *Der Rosenkrieg* became synonymous with high-conflict divorce and is now regularly used in the media.

## Cast
Frankenstein 90

***Frankenstein 90*** is a 1984 French comedy movie directed by Alain Jessua and starring Jean Rochefort and Eddy Mitchell.

## Other websites
*
Beach volleyball

**Beach volleyball** is a team sport, a kind of volleyball. The players have two teams (2 per side) and play on a sand court divided by a net.
## Related pages 
* Volleyball
Savage Steve Holland

**Savage Steve Holland** (born April 29, 1958) is an American writer, cartoonist, producer, voice actor, animator, and film director who wrote and directed the films *Better Off Dead* (1985) and *One Crazy Summer* (1986), starring John Cusack. He also directed the film *How I Got into College* (1989), and animated the "Whammy" on the game show *Press Your Luck*. He later went on to create and produce *Eek! the Cat* and *The Terrible Thunderlizards* for Fox Kids. He now manages his own studio, Savage Studios Ltd., and directs shows for Cartoon Network, Disney Channel and Nickelodeon.

## Education
He studied animation at the California Institute of the Arts, where one of his student projects *Going Nowhere Fast* (1980), was exhibited at the Museum of Cat Food show *Tomorrowland: CalArts in Moving Pictures*.

## Selected filmography
**Better Off Dead* (1985)
**One Crazy Summer* (1986)
**How I Got into College* (1989)
**The Last Halloween* (1991)
**The Incredible Crash Dummies* (1993) (writer only)
**Safety Patrol* (1998) (TV film)
**Stuck in the Suburbs* (2004) (TV film)
**Shredderman Rules* (2007) (TV film)
**Legally Blondes* (2009)
*''Ratko: The Dictator's Son* (2009)
**A Fairly Odd Movie: Grow Up, Timmy Turner!* (2011) (TV film)
**Big Time Movie* (2011)
**A Fairly Odd Christmas* (2012) (TV film)
**A Fairly Odd Summer* (2014) (TV film)
**Santa Hunters* (2014)
**Rufus* (2016)
**Rufus 2* (2017)

## Selected television series credits
**Press Your Luck* (1983–1986) (designer and animator of the "Whammy", all episodes)
**Saturday Night Live* (1988–1990) (assistant director for two seasons)
**The New Adventures of Beans Baxter* (1987–1988) (wrote and directed most episodes)
**Encyclopedia Brown* (1989–1990) (director)
**Bill & Ted's Excellent Adventures* (1990–1991) (writer)
**Eek! the Cat* (1992–1998) (co-creator, executive producer, and wrote most of the episodes)
**The Puzzle Place* (1994–1998) (director)
**V.I.P.* (1998–2002) (directed many episodes)
**Honey, I Shrunk the Kids: The TV Show* (1997–1998) (directed 3 episodes)
**Kenan & Kel* (1997–1999) (wrote 6 episodes)
**Ned's Declassified School Survival Guide* (1999–2002) (directed 8 episodes)
**Sabrina: The Animated Series* (1999–2000) (creator, casting director, voice director and executive producer)
**Even Stevens* (2000-2002) (directed 3 episodes)
**Lizzie McGuire* (2001–2003) (directed 9 episodes)
**Phil of the Future* (2004) (directed 4 episodes)
**Unfabulous* (2005–2007) (directed 7 episodes)
**Zoey 101* (2005–2007) (directed 5 episodes)
**Zeke and Luther* (2009–2011) (directed 11 episodes)
**Big Time Rush* (2009–2013) (directed 14 episodes, 5 of them being 2-part specials)
**Bizaardvark* (2016) (directed 3 episodes)
**Malibu Rescue'' (2019) (creator)

## Popular culture
Savage Steve Holland was lampooned in the episode "What Big Rewrite Notes You Have" of the cartoon Ned's Newt, as over-the-top director "Sausage Steve Finland".

## References
## Other websites
*
Google Docs Editors

**Google Docs Editors** is a web-based productivity office suite offered by Google within its Google Drive service. The suite includes Google Docs, Google Sheets, Google Slides, Google Drawings, Google Forms, Google Sites, and Google Keep. It used to also include Google Fusion Tables until it was discontinued in 2019.

The Google Docs Editors suite is available freely for users with personal Google accounts: through a web application, a set of mobile apps for Android and iOS, and a desktop application for Google's Chrome OS.

## Rivals 
Many other programs compete with Google Docs. The competing programs are similar and have the basic functions of Google Docs and some add-ons that make them a better product than the same.

* Microsoft Office (most popular)

* LibreOffice (open-source)
* iWork
* KOffice (open-source)

## References
Alexander Williams (cartoonist)

**Alexander "Alex" Williams** (born October 18, 1967 in London, England) is an English television and film animator and cartoonist. He is the son of animator Richard Williams. He has worked on many animated television series, and is the author of the *Queens Counsel* cartoon strip in *The Times*, for which he was awarded the Cartoon Art Trust Award for Strip Cartooning in October 2017.

In June 1987 Williams was 19 years old and in his first year of studies at the University of Oxford when he started work as an in-betweener on *Who Framed Roger Rabbit*, working under animator Simon Wells and later as an assistant animator to Marc Gordon-Bates. Williams initially worked unpaid as an intern, and was later invited by producer Patsy de Lord to work on the film full-time. The university agreed to his taking a suspension of studies for a year. The following year, in 1988, he joined the Disney-MGM Studio in Orlando, Florida, working on the short film RollerCoaster Rabbit.

## Animation
His work as an animator includes *Who Framed Roger Rabbit* (1988), *The Princess and the Cobbler* (1993), *The Lion King* (1994), *Quest for Camelot* (1998), *The Iron Giant* (1999), *The Road to El Dorado* (2000), *Spirit: Stallion of the Cimarron* (2002), ''Piglet's Big Movie*, *Sinbad: Legend of the Seven Seas* (2003), *Robots* (2005) and *Open Season'' (2006).
Holbeck

**Holbeck** is an centre city area of Leeds, West Yorkshire, England. It starts on the southern area of Leeds city centre and mostly is in the LS11 postcode area. The M1 and M621 motorway previously started or ended in Holbeck, but now it is only the M621 that goes through the area.  Since big pieces of Holbeck have been evacuated so they can remake a big part of the area, with many people leaving the area. Holbeck had a population of 5,505 in 2011. The area currently is in the Beeston and Holbeck part of Leeds City Council.

## References
Maile Flanagan

**Maile Flanagan** (born May 19, 1965) is an American actress and comedian. She is best known for her role as Naruto Uzumaki in the English dub of *Naruto* who she has voiced in all properties and media since 2005.

## Other websites
*IMDB

## References
Hikimayu

mask with hikimayu]]
***Hikimayu*** was a Japanese tradition of removing the eyebrows and painting two smudges on the forehead from Nara period to 19th century. 

## In culture 
* Hikimayu is found in *The Tale of Genji* and *The Pillow Book*. 
* Japanese movie director Akira Kurosawa showed this tradition in his films Rashomon, Ugetsu.
The Gabba

The **Brisbane Cricket Ground**, commonly known as **the Gabba**, is a major sports stadium in Brisbane, the capital of Queensland, Australia. It has hosted many different sports including athletics, Australian rules football, baseball, concerts, cricket, cycling, rugby league, rugby union, soccer and pony and greyhound racing. From October to March, the stadium hosts cricket matches. The Queensland cricket team and the Brisbane Heat play home matches at the stadium. It is also the home ground of the Brisbane Lions during the Australian Football League (AFL) season.

It will be the main hub for the 2032 Summer Olympics.

## References
## Other websites
*
Post-punk

**Post-punk** (originally called **new musick**) is a large genre of rock music. It started in the late 1970s when musicians got tired of the how simple regular punk rock was. Post-punk artists added avant-garde ideas and other ideas from outside rock music. They kept punk rock's energy and DIY ethic but added styles like funk, electronic music, jazz, and dance music; the production techniques of dub and disco; and ideas from art and politics, including critical theory, modernist art, cinema and literature. These communities produced independent record labels, visual art, multimedia performances and fanzines.

## Notable artists
* Au Pairs
* Cabaret Voltaire
* Devo
* Gang of Four
* Joy Division
* Magazine
* Pere Ubu
* Public Image Ltd
* Siouxsie and the Banshees
* Talking Heads
* The Cure
* The Fall
* the Pop Group
* the Slits
* Wire
Bunraku

]]
***Bunraku***, also known as *Ningyō jōruri*, is a Japanese puppet theatre, founded in Osaka in the 17th century. It was mainly related to kabuki from Genroku period. Bunraku developed in Edo period combining puppet art with *joruri*. Bunraku has the narrator with puppets and the action is accompained by a game on the shamisen. 

The most famous Japanese bunraku playwright is Chikamatsu Mozaemon. His most famous work is *The Love Suicides at Sonezaki*.    

## History 
Originally the term bunraku referred to theatre founded in Osaka in 1805.  

In Edo period, male pupeteers were hidden from the audience by the curtain while they held pupepts. The narrator and musician were also hidden. In 1703, pupeteers apperead in full view of the audience. In 1728, the narrator and musician  were given their own stage.  

## Related pages 
* Kabuki

## References
Vernon, Eure

**Vernon** is a commune. It is in Normandy in the Eure department in north France.

## Twin towns 
Vernon is twinned with:
*  Bad Kissingen, Germany
*  Massa, Italy
IParty with Victorious

"**iParty with Victorious**" was a television movie that aired on Nickelodeon on June 11, 2011. The movie was a crossover of the television shows *iCarly* and *Victorious*. 

Special Guest Stars: Victoria Justice as Tori Vega:
Ariana Grande as Cat Valentine:
Danielle Monet as Trina Vega:
Matt Bennett as Robbie Shapiro:
Avan Jogia as Beck Oliver:
Elizabeth Gillies as Jade West:
Leon Thomas III as Andre Harris.

## References
Ousmane Dembélé

**Masour Ousmane Dembélé** (born May 15, 1997) is a French football player. Dembélé plays as a forward for Paris Saint-Germain and the France national team. He is known for being both footed and his explosiveness, speed and finishing.

Dembélé signed with Paris Saint-Germain for a fee of €50.4 million. In the 2024–25 season, he experienced a resurgence in his career, as PSG won a continental treble. His performances that season, earned him the 2025 Ballon d'Or.

## Career statistics
### Club
### International
:''Scores and results list France's goal tally first, score column indicates score after each Dembélé goal.''

**Barcelona**
*La Liga: 2017–18, 2018–19 La Liga, 2022–23 La Liga
*Copa del Rey: 2017–18 Copa del Rey, 2020–21 Copa del Rey
*Supercopa de España: 2018 Supercopa de España, 2022–23 Supercopa de España

**France**
* FIFA World Cup: 2018; runner-up: 2022

**Individual**
* Ballon d'Or: 2025
* Ligue 1 Young Player of the Year: 2015–16
* UNFP Player of the Month: March 2016
* UEFA Champions League Breakthrough XI: 2016
*Bundesliga Rookie of the Season: 2016–17 Bundesliga
*Bundesliga Team of the Season: 2016–17 Bundesliga
*VDV Newcomer of the Season: 2016–17
* La Liga Top assist provider: 2021–22 La Liga

**Orders**
* Knight of the Legion of Honour: 2018

## References
## Other websites
* Profile at the Paris Saint-Germain FC website
* 
* 
* 
*
Matthew J. Munn

**Matthew J. Munn** (born July 1980) is an American voice actor and animator for many studios. He voiced Boog and Doug in *Open Season 3*. He replaced Mike Epps as the voice of Boog in *Open Season 2* (who replaced Martin Lawrence from the first movie). He was later replaced by Donny Lucas in *Open Season: Scared Silly*.

## References
Drew Massey

**Drew Massey** is an American voice actor, actor, puppeteer and director for Nickelodeon and The Jim Henson Company. He has worked with the Muppets and has performed in many movies, television series and commercials. He also lent his voice to many commercials and video games.

## Filmography
* *The Barbarian and the Troll*: Evan
* *Earth to Ned:* Cornelius’ eyes, Clods
* *Sigmund and the Sea Monsters*: Sigmund Ooze
* *The Muppets Take the Bowl*: Additional Muppet Performer, live show at the Hollywood Bowl, Sept. 8–10, 2017
* *The Muppets Take the O2*: Additional Muppet Performer, live show at the O2 Arena, Jul. 13–14, 2018
* *Mutt & Stuff*: Stuff, Davenport, Sid the tree
* *Community*: Puppet Abed
* *Sid the Science Kid*: Sid
* ''Neil's Puppet Dreams*: Puppeteer
* *Forgetting Sarah Marshall*: Puppeteer Dracula
* *The Darjeeling Limited*: Puppeteer Tiger
* *The Sam Plenty Cavalcade of Action Show Plus Singing!*: Actor (Sam Plenty)
* *Yo Gabba Gabba!*: Puppeteer
* *Crank Yankers*: Puppeteer
* *Robot Chicken*: Voices (Fozzie Bear, Gonzo, Wembley Fraggle, Boober Fraggle, Emmet Otter, Ebenezer Scrooge, Sid)
* *Greg the Bunny*: Puppeteer (Count Blah and others)
* *Angel'': Puppet Angel
* Weezer's music video for "Keep Fishin'": Puppeteer
* *Sesame Street*: Various Muppets
* *Statler and Waldorf: From the Balcony*: Puppeteer (Statler)
* *The Producers*: Lead Puppeteer (pigeons)
* *Men in Black*: Worm Guy Sleeble
* *Lost on Earth*:  Raleigh 
* *The Puzzle Place*: Kyle O'Connor
* *Puppet Up!*: Puppeteer
* *The Happytime Murders*: Goofer, Vinny
* *Foster Farms Chickens*: Actor (Driver Chicken)
* *Over the Hedge*: Verne
* ''Ryan's Mystery Playdate*: Puppeteer
* *Muppet Babies Play Date'' - Gonzo (baby) (puppeteer only)

## References
Intonation (speech)

**Intonation** is the way the pitch of a voice goes up and down when speaking. It is not used to change the meaning of a single word. Instead, it is used for other reasons, such as:
* to show how the speaker feels (for example, happy or angry).
* to show the difference between a statement and a question.
* to point to important words.

All spoken languages use intonation. But not all languages use pitch to change the meaning of a word. Languages that use pitch to change a word's meaning are called tone languages. In these languages, intonation still exists along with the tones for words.

## Other books to read 
* Crystal, David (1969). *Prosodic systems and intonation in English*. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-07387-5.
* Trager, George L. & Smith, Henry Lee (1951). *An outline of English structure*. American Council of Learned Societies.
Doctor Strange in the Multiverse of Madness

***Doctor Strange in the Multiverse of Madness*** is a 2022 American superhero movie based on the Marvel Comics character Doctor Strange. The movie is produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures. It is a sequel to *Doctor Strange* (2016) and is the 28th movie in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU). It premiered at the Dolby Theatre in Hollywood on May 2, 2022, and was released in the United States on May 6.

## Plot
Following the events of *Spider-Man: No Way Home* (2021), Dr. Stephen Strange casts a forbidden spell that opens the door to the multiverse, including an alternate version of Strange, whose threat to humanity is too great for the combined forces of Strange, Wong, and Wanda Maximoff / Scarlet Witch.

## Cast
* Benedict Cumberbatch as Doctor Strange: A neurosurgeon who became a Master of the Mystic Arts following a car accident that ended his career. Cumberbatch also portrays three alternate versions of the character: a version that dies at the start of the movie, wearing a costume inspired by Matt Faction's 2011 *Defenders* comic book series; the former Sorcerer Supreme of Earth-838 who founded the Illuminati; and a version who has been corrupted by the *Darkhold*. 
* Elizabeth Olsen as Wanda Maximoff / Scarlet Witch: A former Avenger gone rogue who can harness chaos magic, engage in telepathy and telekinesis, and alter reality. Olsen also portrays the character's Earth-838 counterpart.
* Chiwetel Ejiofor as Karl Mordo: The Sorcerer Supreme of Earth-838 and a member of the Illuminati. He is an alternate version of Strange's former mentor-turned-enemy.
* Benedict Wong as Wong: The Sorcerer Supreme of Earth-616 and Strange's mentor and friend.
* Xochitl Gomez as America Chavez: A teenager that has the ability to travel through dimensions by punching open doorways. She comes from a different universe known as the Utopia Parallel. Julian Hilliard and Jett Klyne portray the Earth-838 versions of their respective roles from *WandaVision* (2021) as Maximoff's sons Billy and Tommy, while Topo Wresniwiro reprises his role from the first movie as Hamir, a Master of the Mystic Arts. 

Also appearing in the movie are Adam Hugill as Rintrah, a minotaur-like being from R'Vaal who is a student at Kamar-Taj; and the creature Gargantos, with its design based on the comic book creature Shuma-Gorath. Ross Marquand voices the Ultron drones that appear on Earth-838. Marquand previously voiced a different version of Ultron in *What If...?*, replacing James Spader who portrayed the Earth-616 Ultron in *Avengers: Age of Ultron* (2015). Charlize Theron is introduced in the mid-credits scene as Clea, and screenwriter Michael Waldron makes a cameo appearance as a guest at Palmer's wedding. Bruce Campbell, who worked frequently with director Sam Raimi, briefly appears in the main movie and post-credits scene as the vendor of an Earth-838 restaurant called Pizza Poppa.

## References
## Other websites
* 
*  at Marvel.com
André Silva (footballer, born 1995)

**André Miguel Valente da Silva** (born 6 November 1995) is a Portuguese football player. He plays as a striker for RB Leipzig, and the Portugal national team.

## Career statistics
### Club
### International
 ''Scores and results list Portugal's goal tally first, score column indicates score after each Silva goal*.

**RB Leipzig**
*DFB-Pokal: 2021–22, 2022–23
*FIFA Confederations Cup third place: 2017

**Individual**
*SJPF Segunda Liga Player of the Month: August/September 2015, December 2015
*Segunda Liga Player of the Year: 2015–16
*Segunda Liga Breakthrough Player of the Year: 2015–16
*UEFA Champions League Breakthrough XI: 2016
*Bundesliga Goal of the Month: June 2020
*Bundesliga Player of the Month: January 2021
*Bundesliga Team of the Season: 2020–21
**Kicker'' Bundesliga Team of the Season: 2020–21

## References
Bernardo Silva

**Bernardo Mota Veiga de Carvalho e Silva** (born 10 August 1994), known as **Bernardo Silva** or simply **Bernardo**, is a Portuguese football player. He plays as an attacking midfielder or a winger for Manchester City and the Portugal national team. 

## Career statistics
### Club
### International
:*Portugal score listed first, score column indicates score after each Silva goal*
*Taça de Portugal: 2013–14

**Manchester City**
*Premier League: 2017–18, 2018–19, 2020–21, 2021–22, 2022–23, 2023–24
*FA Cup: 2018–19, 2022–23; runner-up: 2023–24
*EFL Cup: 2017–18, 2018–19, 2019–20, 2020–21
*FA Community Shield: 2018, 2019, 2024
*UEFA Champions League: 2022–23; runner-up: 2020–21
*FIFA Club World Cup: 2023

**Portugal U21**
*UEFA European Under-21 Championship runner-up: 2015
*FIFA Confederations Cup third place: 2017

**Individual**
*Segunda Liga Breakthrough Player of the Year: 2013–14
*SJPF Segunda Liga Player of the Month: October 2013, December 2013 & January 2014
*UEFA European Under-19 Championship Team of the Tournament: 2013
*UEFA European Under-21 Championship Team of the Tournament: 2015
*UNFP Ligue 1 Player of the Month: January 2017
*UNFP Ligue 1 Team of the Year: 2016–17
*PFA Team of the Year: 2018–19 Premier League, 2021–22 Premier League
*Manchester City Player of the Year: 2018–19
*Manchester City Goal of the Season: 2022
*Alan Hardaker Trophy: 2019
*UEFA Nations League Finals Player of the Tournament: 2019
*UEFA Nations League Finals Team of the Tournament: 2019
*IFFHS Men's World Team: 2019
*ESM Team of the Year: 2021–22
*UEFA Champions League Team of the Season: 2022–23
*FIFA FIFPro World XI: 2023

## References 
## Other websites 
*
Political corruption

**Political corruption** is using powers of government officials or their network contacts for inappropriate private gain. 
's former Prime Minister Najib Razak was found guilty in the 1MDB corruption trial. He is now serving his sentence in Kajang Prison.]]
The forms of corruption are very different between one another. Examples of political corruption are lobbying, bribery, extortion (which refers when to someone commits blackmail or bribery against or threatens other people through putting a feeling of fear by telling certain people something *will* happen if the victim does not comply), nepotism (the unfair use of power for receiving job employments or benefits by family or friends), patronage (improperly using state money/goods to reward families, certain groups or races in exchange for voting for certain political party members) and embezzlement. Corruption is often linked to human trafficking, money laundering and drug trafficking. But political corruptions are not limited to these illegal acts. Misuse of government power for certain other purposes, an example of which is police brutality is also classified as political corruption.

Political corruption hurts democracy by going against the formal process. Corruption in elections and in legislature reduces responsibility and falsely represents the related creations of policies.

Economies having a high level of political corruption tend to not be as financially successful as one that has low level corruption. Political corruption not only threatens justice and ethical values. Recalls of loans by international banks, along with massive selling of emerging market stocks from international mutual funds, is associated with (and can actually cause) crises in economics and currency problems in certain countries. Examples of these problems are in Asia, Africa and Central America.

## References
Beaumont-sur-Oise

**Beaumont-sur-Oise** is a commune. It is in Île-de-France in the Val-d'Oise department in north France.

## References
Presnel Kimpembe

**Presnel Kimpembe** (born 13 August 1995) is a French football player. He plays as a centre-back for Paris Saint-Germain and the France national team.

## Career statistics
### Club
### International
## Honours
**Paris Saint-Germain** 2019–20, 2021–22, 2022–23
*Coupe de France: 2015–16, 2016–17, 2017–18, 2019–20
*Coupe de la Ligue: 2015–16, 2016–17, 2017–18, 2019–20
*Trophée des Champions: 2016, 2017, 2020, 2022, 2023
*UEFA Champions League runner-up: 2019–20

**France**
*FIFA World Cup: 2018
* UEFA Nations League: 2020–21

**Individual**
*UNFP Ligue 1 Team of the Year: 2020–21

**Orders**
*Knight of the Legion of Honour: 2018

## References
## Other websites 
*
Central Asian red deer

The **central Asian red deer** or **Tarim red deer** (*Cervus hanglu*) is an elk that lives in Central Asia.

The International Union for the Conservation of Nature says the central Asian red deer is a "least concern" species, but many subspecies of central Asian red deer have become locally extinct.  This means that places that once had many deer now have none.

One subspecies of central Asian red deer, the Kashmir stag (*Cervus hanglu hanglu*), is the only species of deer that lives in India.
## References
Mating system

have a promiscuous mating system]]
, gorillas have a polygynous mating system]]
**Mating system** is a term form biology, to describe the sexual behaviour of a group of animals. It basically describes which males and females in a group mate.

* *Monogamy*: One male mates with one female. There is the case, that this lasts for one season only, or the case that the pair bond (as it is called) lasts for life:
* *Polygamy*
** *Polygyny*: One male has a sexual relationship with two or more females. In vertebrates, this seems to be the most common type
** *Polyandry*: One female has a relationship with more than one male
* *Promiscuity*: A member of one sex mates with any other member of the same group, of the opposite sex
Plaza de Oriente

The **Plaza de Oriente** is a plaza in the historic center of Madrid, Spain. It has a shape like a rectangle and is very big and noticeable. It was designed in 1844 by Narciso Pascual y Colomer. It was opened by King Joseph I after he said that the houses originally in the area should be destroyed.

It is located between some very well known and important places in Madrid. To the west is the Royal Palace, the Teatro Real, to the east, and the Royal Monastery of the Incarnation to the north.
Kīlauea, Hawaii

**Kīlauea** is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Kauai County, Hawaii, United States. As of the 2020 census it had a population of 3,014.

Kīlauea shares the name of the active volcano Kīlauea on the island of Hawaii. The name translates to "spewing" or "much spreading" in the Hawaiian language.

## Geography
Kīlauea is on the northeastern shore of Kauai and is bordered to the west by Kalihiwai and to the north by the Pacific Ocean. Hawaii Route 56 passes through the south side of the community, leading west  to Hanalei and east  to the Moloaa area which includes Moloaa Forest Reserve and overlooks Moloaa Bay.

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the Kilauea CDP has a total area of , of which  are land and , or 5.7%, are water.

## References
Ariana Greenblatt

**Ariana Greenblatt** (born August 27, 2007) is an American actress known for her work in film and television. She gained recognition for her role as young Gamora in the Marvel Cinematic Universe movie *Avengers: Infinity War* (2018). Beyond that, she has appeared in various television series and films, showcasing her talent at a young age.

In addition to her acting career, Ariana is also active on social media and has garnered a following for sharing her experiences and interests.

## Acting credits
### Film
### Television
### Theatre
## References
Arenysaur

**Arenysaur** lived between 68 and 66 million years ago in the Late Cretaceous. Arenysaur includes *Arenysaurus* and *Ajnabia*.
Michael Yarmush

**Michael Lawrence Yarmush** (born June 19, 1982) is an American actor. He was born in Miami, Florida. His parents are Daniel and Diane Yarmush. He voiced of protagonist Arthur Read on the PBS animated television series *Arthur* from 1996 to 2000, when he left the voice cast.

## Other websites
*
Michael Caloz

**Michael Caloz** (born May 2, 1985 in Montreal, Quebec), is a Canadian former voice actor, who is best known for voicing D.W. Read on *Arthur* from 1996 to 1999, holding his role for the first three seasons (he also narrated the funding credits for season 1 when it first aired on PBS and TVO). He won a Young Artist Award in 1999 for his role as D.W. Read. After season 3, he was replaced by Oliver Grainger. He also voiced Annie on *The Little Lulu Show*. He has performed in several films, including *Screamers*, which was based on the Philip K. Dick story Second Variety. He has also performed on several live-action television series including an episode on Nickelodeon's *Are You Afraid of the Dark?*, as a frozen child's ghost. He has two brothers and plays piano, guitar and violin.

## Other websites
Red Sorghum

***Red Sorghum*** is a 1987 Chinese romantic drama movie directed by Zhang Yimou and was based on the 1986 novel by Mo Yan. It stars Gong Li, Jiang Wen, Ji Chunhua, Teng Rujun.

## Other websites
*
*
*
Sagging (fashion)

**Sagging** means when someone wears their trousers or jeans just below the waist. 

Sagging is mainly a male fashion. Women and girls' wearing low-rise pants in a manner that shows the females' G-string underwear or panties is not usually described as sagging. People who wear sagging trousers or pants are sometimes called "saggers".

## The origin
The style was made popular by skaters and hip-hop musicians in the 1990s, although sagging may have gotten started as early as the late 1980s. It was later declared a symbol of freedom and being aware of fashion culture with many teenagers and young adults. It was also the symbol for rejection of the values in the mainstream society.

It is often said the style got started with the United States' prison system. In that system, belts are sometimes not allowed. There may also be situations wherein there is not enough clothing of the appropriate size.

## References