open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Summerfest

**Summerfest** is an annual music festival held in downtown Milwaukee, Wisconsin. It was first held in 1968. Summerfest is located at Henry Maier Festival Park. Summerfest has about 800,000 people come each year. It calls itself "The World's Largest Music Festival". The title was verified by the Guinness World Records in 1999.

## Opening headliners
## References
Eddie Shack

**Edward Steven Phillip Shack** (February 11, 1937 – July 25, 2020), also known by his nicknames "**The Entertainer**" and "**The Nose**", was a Canadian professional ice hockey player. He played for six National Hockey League (NHL) teams from 1959 to 1975. He spent eight and a half seasons of his career with the Toronto Maple Leafs, with whom he won the Stanley Cup in 1962, 1963, 1964, and 1967.

He also played for the New York Rangers, Boston Bruins, Los Angeles Kings, Buffalo Sabres and the Pittsburgh Penguins. Shack was born in Greater Sudbury, Ontario.

Shack died on July 25, 2020 from throat cancer at a hospital in Toronto at the age of 83.

## References
Janell Smith

**Linda Janell Carson** ( **Smith**, May 3, 1947 – July 25, 2020) was an American sprinter. She competed in the women's 400 metres at the 1964 Summer Olympics. She was born in Killeen, Texas.

Smith died of cancer on July 25, 2020 at the age of 73.

## References
## Other websites
* 
* 
*
Noel Jenke

**Noel Charles Jenke** (December 17, 1946 – July 23, 2020) was an American football linebacker in the National Football League (NFL). He played for three different teams during the 1971 through 1974 seasons. The teams were the Minnesota Vikings, Atlanta Falcons and the Green Bay Packers. Before playing professional football, Jenke was a minor league baseball player in the Boston Red Sox organization. 

Jenke was born in Owatonna, Minnesota. He died on July 23, 2020 from surgery-related problems in Minneapolis at the age of 73.

## References
Edmund Ansin

**Edmund N. Ansin** (March 9, 1936 – July 26, 2020) was an American billionaire. He was co-founder of Sunbeam Television. Ansin was born in Worcester, Massachusetts. In March 2014, his net worth was $1.4 billion.

Ansin died on July 26, 2020 in Miami Beach, Florida at the age of 84.

## References
Temple City, California

**Temple City** is a city in Los Angeles County, California. As of the 2020 census, 35,558 people lived in Temple City.

## References
Nagindas Sanghavi

**Nagindas Sanghavi** (10 March 1920 ― 12 July 2020) was an Indian political professor, author and a notable scholar columnist. His works were written in English, Hindi and Gujarati. He received Padma Shri, India's fourth highest civilian honour in 2019.

Sanghavi started his teaching career at Bhavan's College, Andheri in 1951. He later moved to Ruparel College, Mahim and Mithibai College, Vile Parle teaching political science. He retired in 1980.

Sanghavi died on 12 July 2020 at the age of 100.

## References
Supreme Court of the Netherlands

The **Supreme Court of the Netherlands** (  or simply *Hoge Raad*), officially the High Council of the Netherlands, is the final court of appeal in civil, criminal and tax cases in the Netherlands. It was created on 1 October 1838 and is located in The Hague.

The Supreme Court is made up of 36 judges: a president, six vice presidents, twenty-five justices ('**, literally "Lords of the Council") and four justices extraordinary (**'). 

All judges are appointed for life, until they retire.

## References
Chaumes-en-Retz

**Chaumes-en-Retz** is a commune of 6,759 people (2017). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France.  The municipality was created on 1 January 2016 from the former communes of Arthon-en-Retz (the seat) and Chéméré.

## References
22 Short Films About Springfield

"**22 Short Films About Springfield**"                                                                                                                             is the 21st episode of the 7th season of ***The Simpsons***. It was first shown on television on April 14, 1996. The episode is divided into 22 parts. Each part is a different story that shows how life is for the people in Springfield.

The name of the episode is based on the movie *Thirty Two Short Films About Glenn Gould*. The episode's story is based on the ending of a season 4 episode named "The Front". Many parts of the episode  the film *Pulp Fiction*. In 2019, Oakley said that the episode is one of the best episodes to watch on Disney+. *TV Guide* put it in its list of the top 12 *Simpsons* episodes. *Consequence of Sound* put the episode on number 5 of its list of top 30 *Simpsons* episodes. *The Guardian* named the episode as one of the 5 greatest episodes of The Simpsons. IGN called "A Fish Called Selma" the best episode of the seventh season but said "22 Short Films About Springfield" was "good ".

### Steamed Hams 
A  of the episode called "Skinner & The Superintendent" became an internet meme. Principal Skinner calls hamburgers "steamed hams" and says the name came from Albany, New York. In 2016, the segment was put on many Facebook pages and  of the segment on YouTube were also created. About 1,000 people asked the supermarket chain Woolworths about "steamed hams". Woolworths said that "in Australia, we call them Hamburgers. 'Steamed Hams' is an Albany, New York . Fans of *The Simpsons*, this is for you".

During an interview for the movie *Jurassic World: Fallen Kingdom*, a GameSpot reporter made Jeff Goldblum read the  of Principal Skinner. Bill Oakley, the  writer of the segment, did not like the reading and said "[I'm] not a fan of  big companies like GameSpot having  actors  scripts I wrote, , without giving me any sort of  ."

## References 
## Other websites 
*
*
*
Wouter Snijders

**Wouter Snijders** (26 May 1928 – 21 July 2020) was a Dutch judge and legal scholar. He was justice on the Supreme Court of the Netherlands between 1970 and 1986 and was vice president from 1986 to 1998. He was born in Hilversum, Netherlands.

Snijders died on 21 July 2020 in The Hague, aged 92.

## References
Levallois-Perret

**Levallois-Perret** is a commune that is found in the Hauts-de-Seine department in France. In 2017, 64,379 people lived there.

## Related pages 
* Communes of the Hauts-de-Seine department
Sarcelles

**Sarcelles** is a commune. It is found in the Val-d'Oise department in France.

## References
## Other websites
*Official website
Two brothers islands

**Al-Akhawayn Islands** which means The two brothers island (Arabic: جزيرة الأخوين) sometimes called " The older brother and the younger brother islands" are one of the Red Sea islands. “Al-Akhawain” are located between Safaga and Al-Qusair, and it is one of the best coral and shark gatherings, and one of the best diving areas.

That islands were mentioned by the French marine scientist "Jacques Cousteau" in his book The Silent World, due to the nature of island which a unique scene of coral reefs and crystal clear waters, in addition to the wreckage of two sunken ships, Numidia and Aida, which made these two islands an attractive place for fans of underwater photography.

The waters around the island Characterized by the presence of whale shark (locally called "Bahloul") which is human friendly and facilitating taking photos with the divers.

The Red Sea Reserves Sector has issued guidelines to deal with the whale shark, including warnings against trying to touch, ride or chase the whale shark, as well as trying to change its movement path to allow the whale shark to move and act naturally, maintain a distance of at least 3 meters in-front of it , 4 meters behind it. the Red Sea Reserves prohibited also the use of a flash photography that annoys the shark.
## References
Plobannalec-Lesconil

**Plobannalec-Lesconil** () is a commune. It is found in the region Brittany in the Finistère department in the northwest of France.

## References
Bettembourg

**Bettembourg** ( ) is a commune in Luxembourg. It is part of the canton of Esch-sur-Alzette.

As of 2019, 11,197 people live here.

## References
## Other website
* Official website
Political freedom

There are different ideas of freedom. In terms of politics, there are various large movements:
* Liberalism thinks that the freedom of each person is important. Things such as human rights, or a number of freedoms guaranteed by a constitution are achievements of liberal thinkers.
* Anarchism is against all forms of government. Anarchists think there should be no government.
* Conservatism thinks that the current institutions and organisation are a result of culture. It thinks that the concepts that are there are not bad, and that new structures and ideas should build on them.
* Socialism and Communism think that the working class has been exploited. According to Karl Marx personal liberty has been exchanged for the exchange of goods and services.
* Nationalism tries to put the own people first. One's own people should have the right to not be oppressed.
* In Totalitarianism, there is one leader (or a very small group of people) who determines what is good for the people.

## Related pages 
* Internet censorship
Mondercange

**Mondercange** (, ) is a commune in Luxembourg. It is part of the canton of Esch-sur-Alzette.

As of 2019, 6,959 people live here.

Mondercange is home of the Luxembourg Football Federation, the governing body for football in Luxembourg. It has a football club, called FC Mondercange.
Ejike Obumneme Aghanya

**Ejike Ebenezer Obumneme Aghanya** (27 November 1932 &ndash; 3 July 2020) was a Nigerian military officer and electrical engineer. He was in the Nigerian Army and the Biafran Armed Forces, retiring as a Colonel. 

He was accused of being part of the 1966 Nigerian coup d'état. He was arrested and imprisoned without trial until the outbreak of the Nigerian Civil War where he worked in key jobs in the Biafran Armed Forces. He was the head of the Biafran Agency for Research and Production (RAP). 

Later he was the Chief of Staff of the Biafran Organisation of Freedom Fighters (BOFF) which was the guerrilla warfare and special operations arm of the Biafran Armed Forces. 

He also was Battalion Commander, 44th Electrical and Mechanical Engineer Battalion Biafran Army and later Brigade Commander of the 58th Brigade of 12th Infantry Division Biafran Army during the war.

Aghanya died on 3 July 2020 in Atlanta, Georgia at the age of 87.

## References
Kaironk big-eyed tree frog

The **Kaironk big-eyed tree frog** (*Nyctimystes foricula*)  is a tree frog from Papua New Guinea.

The adult male frog is 40&nbsp;mm long from nose to rear end and the adult female is 50&nbsp;mm long.  This frog is bright green and sometimes has white spots.  It has a white or yellow belly.  The veins in its eyes are gold in color.  It lives in forests near small streams where the water flows quickly.

## References
Fischbach, Luxembourg

**Fischbach** () is a commune in Luxembourg. It is part of the canton of Mersch.

As of 2019, 1,239 people live here.

## Other websites 
*
Tuntange

]]

**Tuntange** (, ) is a former commune in Luxembourg. It was part of the canton of Mersch.

On 1 January 2018, the commune was merged with Boevange-sur-Attert to form the new commune of Helperknapp.
Northern New Guinea tree frog

The **Northern New Guinea tree frog** (*Nytimystes gramineus*) is a tree frog from Papua New Guinea.

This is a canopy-dwelling frog, meaning it lives high in the branches of the trees where the leaves grow.  For a while, scientists thought *Litoria dux* was a different species, but some scientists now think *Litoria dux* is part of *Litoria graminea*.

## References
Bart on the Road

"**Bart on the Road**" is the 20th episode of the 7th season of *The Simpsons*. It was first shown on television on March 31, 1996. In the episode, Bart gets a fake driver's license and takes his friends to Knoxville, Tennessee. However, Bart's car gets destroyed and Homer must use a courier to get Bart and his friends back to Springfield. 

The episode makes  to the movie *Naked Lunch*, singer Andy Williams, and the *Look* magazine.
 
## Story 
Principal Skinner closes the Springfield Elementary School and tells his students to go to work with your parents. Bart wants to stay at home with Marge, but he is told that housecleaning is not a real job. Instead, Bart goes to Patty and Selma's job at the DMV (department of motor vehicles). Lisa goes to Homer's job at the Springfield  Power Plant. Bart makes a fake driver's license at the DMV and rents a car with Nelson, Milhouse, and Martin.

Bart and his friends tell their parents that they are going to Canada for a grammar . They instead use the rented car for a road trip to the 1982 World's Fair at Knoxville, Tennessee. However, the world fair happened 14 years ago and only a wig shop is still there. They all buy wigs and Martin uses the last money they have on a doll of Al Gore. Nelson knocks down the Sunsphere, which destroys their car. They are left being stuck in Knoxville.

Lisa uses her time during spring break at the power plant. Bart places a collect call on Lisa to help him and his friends return home without having Homer and Marge know. Bart becomes a courier but does not get enough money to go home. Principal Skinner sees Bart in Hong Kong while being a courier. Lisa makes Homer promise that he will not get angry about Bart, so she tells Homer where Bart is. Homer orders a new  for the power plant from Oak Ridge so Bart can get home. He gets it shipped near Knoxville, where Bart is still a courier. Nelson, Milhouse, and Martin hide in a crate.

Marge does not know about any of this and gets  when she gets phone calls on what Bart has done.

## Reception 
John Thorpe of *Central Michigan Life* called it the 8th best episode of *The Simpsons*. Jennifer Malkowski of DVD Verdict gave the episode a grade of B+ and thought that the best part of the episode was Patty and Selma telling Bart about their job, saying "Somedays we don't let the line move at all. We call those weekdays." Robert Canning of IGN calls the episode "" and says that "it's the way everything comes together that really makes it ." Colin Jacobson of DVD Movie Guide said that he loved the children at their parents' jobs and said "when they head out of town, the fun continues."

## References 
## Other websites 
*
*
*
Historic counties of Wales

The thirteen historic counties of Wales have been used for many purposes for hundreds of years. Today, the counties are different, and there are now 22 principal areas instead. Some of the names of the old counties are used in the principal areas. The historic counties can also be called "ancient counties".

## List

## References
Katyń (movie)

***Katyń*** is a 2007 Polish movie about the 1940 Katyn massacre. It was directed by Andrzej Wajda.

## Other websites 
*
Magda Kósáné Kovács

**Magda Kósáné Kovács** (November 4, 1940 – July 27, 2020) was a Hungarian politician. He was a Member of the European Parliament (MEP) for the Hungarian Socialist Party, part of the Party of European Socialists from 2004 to 2009. She joined Democratic Coalition in 2011.

Kósáné Kovács died in Budapest on July 27, 2020 at the age of 79.

## References
Chris Needs

**Christopher Needs**, MBE (12 March 1954 – 26 July 2020) Needs was a Welsh radio broadcaster. Needs was best known as a regular evening and daytime presenter on BBC Radio Wales. He was born in Cwmafan, Neath Port Talbot.

Chris died on 26 July 2020 from heart disease, aged 66.

## References
Alain Cacheux

**Alain Cacheux** (November 15, 1947 – July 26, 2020) was a French politician. He was a member of the National Assembly of France from 1997 to 2002 and again from 2007 to 2012.  He represented the Nord department. He was a member of the Socialiste, radical, citoyen et divers gauche.

## References
William Hill (Hong Kong athlete)

**William Hill** (11 June 1945 &ndash; 27 July 2020) was a Hong Kong sprinter. He competed in the men's 200 and 400 metres at the 1964 Summer Olympics.

Hill died on 27 July 2020, aged 75.

## References
## Other websites
* 
*
Rafael Barraza Sánchez

**Rafael Barraza Sánchez** (24 October 1928 – 26 July 2020) was a Mexican Roman Catholic bishop. He was ordained to the priesthood in 1951. He was titular bishop of *Drivastum* and as auxiliary bishop of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Durango, Mexico, from 1979 to 1981. He then was bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Mazatlán, Mexico, from 1981 to 2005.

Barraza Sánchez died on 26 July 2020, aged 91.

## References
Kansai Yamamoto

(8 February 1944 – 21 July 2020) was a Japanese fashion designer. He was well known during the 1970s and 1980s.

In 1971, he opened his own company, Yamamoto Kansai Company, Ltd., Tokyo. His first collection debuted the same year in London and the United States at Hess's Department Store in Allentown, Pennsylvania.

Kansai became well known for creating stage costumes for David Bowie, mainly during his Ziggy Stardust Tour.

Yamamoto died on 21 July 2020 from acute myeloid leukemia at the age of 76.

## References
Jim Abbott (Canadian politician)

The Honourable **James Abbott**,  (August 18, 1942 &ndash; July 26, 2020) was a Canadian politician. He was a Conservative member of the House of Commons of Canada. Abbott was a member of the Reform Party from 1993 to 2000 and a member of the Canadian Alliance from 2000 to 2004.  

Before retiring, Abbott was the Parliamentary Secretary to the Minister for International Cooperation (Canada). On October 15, 2007, he was sworn in as a member of the Queen's Privy Council for Canada.

Abbott died on July 26, 2020, at the age of 77.

## References
Brad Watson

**Wilton Brad Watson** (July 24, 1955July 8, 2020) was an American author and academic. He was a professor at the University of Wyoming until his death. Watson published four books, two novels and two collections of short stories. He was born in Meridian, Mississippi. Watson's 2002 novel *The Heaven of Mercury* was a finalist for the National Book Award. In 2013, Watson received the Award in Letters from The American Academy of Arts and Letters.

Watson died on July 8, 2020, at his home in Laramie, Wyoming from heart failure, aged 64.  

## References
W. C. Handy

**William Christopher Handy** (November 16, 1873 – March 28, 1958) was an American composer and musician who referred to himself as the **Father of the Blues**. Handy was one of the most important songwriters in the United States. He was known as one of the first singers to publish music American blues music.

## References
Primal Scream

**Primal Scream** are a Scottish rock band originally formed in 1982 in Glasgow by Bobby Gillespie (vocals) and Jim Beattie. 

The band's current band members are Gillespie, Andrew Innes (guitar), Martin Duffy (keyboards), Simone Butler (bass), and Darrin Mooney (drums). 

Primal Scream had been performing live from 1982 to 1984, but their career did not take off until Gillespie left his position as drummer of The Jesus and Mary Chain. 

The band were a key part of the mid-1980s indie pop scene. They later made psychedelic and garage rock music, before using a dance music element to their sound with their 1991 album *Screamadelica*. Their latest album *Chaosmosis* was released on 18 March 2016.

## Discography
**Sonic Flower Groove* (1987)
**Primal Scream* (1989)
**Screamadelica* (1991)
*''Give Out But Don't Give Up* (1994)
**Vanishing Point* (1997)
**XTRMNTR* (2000)
**Evil Heat* (2002)
**Riot City Blues* (2006)
**Beautiful Future* (2008)
**More Light* (2013)
**Chaosmosis'' (2016)

## Other websites
*Official website
To Each His Own (movie)

***To Each His Own*** is a 1946 American drama romance movie directed by Mitchell Leisen and starring Olivia de Havilland. The screenplay was written by Charles Brackett and Jacques Théry. The movie is about a young woman who gives birth to a child out of wedlock and has to give him up.

De Havilland won the Academy Award for Best Actress. Brackett was nominated for Best Writing, Original Story. The title song became a hit.

## References
List of George Polk Award winners

The **George Polk Awards** in Journalism are prizes given every year by Long Island University in New York.
## Awards
## References
Confirm or Deny

***Confirm or Deny*** is a 1941 American World War II drama movie directed by Archie Mayo and Fritz Lang (uncredited). It stars Don Ameche, Joan Bennett, Roddy McDowall, Raymond Walburn, John Loder, Arthur Shields, Queenie Leonard and was distributed by 20th Century Fox.

## Other websites
*
*
*
La Motte-Tilly

**La Motte-Tilly** is a commune of the Aube *département* in the north-central part of France.

## References
Joel Courtney

**Joel Courtney** (born January 31, 1996) is an American actor known for his role as Joe Lamb in the 2011 movie *Super 8*. He also played the lead role of Peter Moore on The CW's series *The Messengers*.

## References
Maisie Richardson-Sellers

**Maisie Richardson-Sellers** is a British actress. She is known for her recurring role as Eva Sinclair on The CW series *The Originals*.

She also starred as King Saul of Israel's daughter Michal in the ABC Biblical series *Of Kings and Prophets* and as Amaya Jiwe / Vixen and Charlie on The CW superhero series *Legends of Tomorrow*.

## References
Jacob Elordi

**Jacob Elordi** (born June 26, 1997) is an European-Australian model, actor, producer and writer. He played the role of Noah Flynn in *The Kissing Booth* movie series*.* In 2019, Elordi began playing Nate Jacobs in the HBO television series *Euphoria*. 

In 2025, he played the Creature in Guillermo del Toro's *Frankenstein*. For this role, he won the Critics' Choice Movie Award for Best Supporting Actor and was nominated for a Golden Globe Award and the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor.

## Filmography
* Carpe Liam (2015)
* Euphoria (2019-2026)
* Saltburn (2023)
* Frankenstein (2025)
* The Dog Stars (2026)
## References
1Malaysia Development Berhad scandal

The **1Malaysia Development Berhad scandal** is a political scandal that is taking place in Malaysia. In 2015, Prime Minister Najib Razak was accused of sending over  Malaysian ringgit (about US$) from 1Malaysia Development Berhad (1MDB), a government-run company that was made to develop the country's economy, to his own bank accounts. Many Malaysians called for Najib to resign because they did not want a corrupt prime minister. In 2018, Najib was defeated in an election by Mahathir Mohamad. The scandal also led to investigations in several countries because some of the money was moved through international banks.

A Malaysian politician, Anwar Ibrahim, has asked questions about the true purpose of 1MDB. He told Parliament that the company "has no business address and no appointed auditor" to check the company's finances.  According to records, 1MDB has nearly RM 42&nbsp;billion (US$11.73&nbsp;billion) in debt.

## Introduction 
"Berhad" is a Malay word that means limited. In this case it means a limited company. That means that a company's finances are separate from those of the owners. Members of the public may not own shares in the company.

## Timeline 
## Related pages
* Murder of Altantuya Shaariibuu

## References
Letícia Román

**Letícia Román** (born 12 August 1941) is an Italian actress. She was born in Rome. Román had her first leading role in the movie  *The Girl Who Knew Too Much* (1963). She also starred in Russ Meyer's *Fanny Hill*.

## References
## Other websites
*
Prakash Ambedkar

**Prakash Yashwant Ambedkar** (born 10 May 1954), also known as **Adv. Balasaheb Ambedkar**, is an Indian politician, lawyer and social activist. He became Member of Parliament of India (MP) three times, two times in Lok Sabha and one time in Rajya Sabha. He is the grandson of Babasaheb Ambedkar, the father of the Indian constitution. He is the founder and the president of political party called the Vanchit Bahujan Aghadi.

## References
Angela Spook

**Angelika Tampier** known under the name **Angela Spook** (14 March 1954 – 20 July 2020) was a German witch and street performer. She became known as "Hexe von der Kö" (translated: "Witch of the Kö") for her public appearance on Düsseldorf's Königsallee for 25 years in a witch costume.

Spook died on 20 July 2020 from an illness, aged 66.

## References
Kumkum (actress)

**Kumkum** (born **Zaibunnissa**; 22 April 1934 – 28 July 2020) was an Indian actress. She was born in Hussainabad, Sheikhpura district, Bihar. From 1954 to 1973, she appeared in 115 movies. Her best known roles were in *Ganga Maiyya Tohe Piyari Chadhaibo*, *Mr. X in Bombay* and *Gunah Aur Kanoon*.

Kumkum died on 28 July 2020 at the age of 86.

## References
Israfil Alam

**Israfil Alam** (13 March 1966 – 27 July 2020) was a Bangladesh Awami League politician. He was a member of the Jatiya Sangsad from 2009 until his death. He was born in Naogaon, Pakistan.

Alam died on 27 July 2020 at a hospital in Dhaka from COVID-19, aged 54.

## References
Ronald L. Schwary

**Ronald Louis Schwary** (May 23, 1944 – July 2, 2020) was an American producer and director. He was known for producing *Ordinary People* (for which he won an Academy Award for Best Picture), *Sabrina*, *Havana* and *Random Hearts*. He was born in The Dalles, Oregon.

Schwary died July 2, 2020 in Hollywood, California from multiple system atrophy at the age of 76.

## References
Muhammad Asad Malik

**Muhammad Asad Malik** (October 30, 1941 – July 27, 2020) was a Pakistani field hockey player. He won a silver medal at the 1964 Summer Olympics, a gold medal at the 1968 Summer Olympics in Mexico City, and a silver medal at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich.

Malik lost his life when he was travelling on his motorcycle and met a road accident on July 27, 2020, at the age of 78.

## References
## Other websites
* 
* 
*
Frank A. Howard

**Frank "Frankie" A. Howard** (December 1, 1938 – July 27, 2020) was an American law enforcement officer and politician. He was a member of the Louisiana House of Representatives from 2008 to 2020. Howard was born in Hornbeck, Louisiana. He was a member of the Republican Party. From 1976 to 2000, he was the sheriff of Vernon Parish, Louisiana.

Howard died from problems caused by COVID-19 on July 27, 2020 in Baton Rouge, Louisiana at the age of 81.

## References
Gianrico Tedeschi

**Gianrico Tedeschi** (20 April 1920 – 27 July 2020) was an Italian actor. He was born in Milan, Italy. His career lasted between 1943 and 2013. He appeared in over 100 movies and television shows. His best known roles were in *Susanna Whipped Cream*, *Il merlo maschio* and in *Dr. Jekyll Likes Them Hot*.

In April 2020, Tedeschi celebrated his 100th birthday. He died three months later on 27 July 2020 at his home in Pettenasco, Italy from congestive heart failure.

## References
## Other websites
*
Bent Fabric

**Bent Fabricius-Bjerre** (7 December 1924 – 28 July 2020), better known internationally as **Bent Fabric**, was a Danish pianist and composer. He was born in Frederiksberg, Denmark. His career lasted from 1950 until his death.

He started a jazz ensemble after World War II and founded a label, Metronome Records, in 1950. However, he is best known for his 1961 instrumental "Omkring et flygel" (literally, "Around a Piano") which became a hit in Denmark.

Fabric died on 28 July 2020 in Copenhagen, aged 95.

## References
## Other websites
*Official website
The Girl Who Knew Too Much (1963 movie)

***The Girl Who Knew Too Much*** () is a 1963 Italian giallo movie. It was directed by Italian filmmaker Mario Bava. The movie stars John Saxon as Dr. Marcello Bassi and Letícia Román as Nora Davis.

The plot is about a young woman named Nora, who travels to Rome and  witnesses a murder. The police and Dr. Bassi don't believe her since a corpse can't be found. Several more murders follow, tied to a decade-long string of killings of victims chosen in alphabetical order.

## References
Lennox Napier

Major-General **Lennox Alexander Hawkins Napier**  (28 June 1928 &ndash; 21 July 2020) was a British Army officer.

Napier was commissioned into the South Wales Borderers in 1946. He was honored with the Military Cross in December 1957 during the Malayan Emergency. He became commanding officer of the 1st Battalion South Wales Borderers in 1967 and commanding officer of the 1st Battalion Royal Regiment of Wales in 1969.

He was commander of the Berlin Infantry Brigade in 1974, Divisional Brigadier for the Prince of Wales' Division in 1976 and General Officer Commanding Wales in 1980 before retiring in 1983. 

He died on 21 July 2020 at the age of 92.

## References
Terry Waters

**Terry Waters** (14 December 1943 – 28 July 2020) was an Australian rules footballer. He played with Collingwood in the Victorian Football League (VFL).

At first, he played for the Victorian Football Association (VFA) club Dandenong. Waters won the Copeland Trophy for being Collingwood's Best and Fairest player in 1966, was their leading goalkicker in 1963 and 1964.

Waters was appointed captain of Collingwood in 1970. 

Waters died on 28 July 2020 from cancer at the age of 76.

## References
Emily Howell Warner

**Emily Howell Warner** (October 30, 1939 – July 3, 2020) was an American airline pilot. She the first woman captain of a scheduled US airline. She was born in Denver, Colorado.

In 1973, Warner was the first woman pilot to be hired by a scheduled US airline since Helen Richey was hired as a co-pilot in 1934. In 1976 Warner was the first woman to become a US airline captain.

## Biography 
She was honored into the National Aviation Hall of Fame and National Women’s Hall of Fame. Her pilot’s uniform is on display at the Smithsonian's National Air and Space Museum.

She is the first woman who has been a member of the Air Line Pilots Association (ALPA).

Warner was a flight school manager in Denver, Colorado. She flew more than 21,000 flight hours and performed more than 3,000 check rides and evaluations over her career. 

Warner died in 2020 from problems caused by a fall and Alzheimer's disease in Littleton, Colorado at the age of 80.

## References
Mona Simpson

**Mona Simpson** (; June 14, 1957) is an American novelist and the former wife of Richard Appel. She has written six novels. Studied English at the University of California, Berkeley. She also took Languages and Literature at Bard College. She won a Whiting Award for her first novel, *Anywhere but Here* (1986). It was a popular success and later adapted as a film by the same name and was released in 1999. 

She wrote a sequel, *The Lost Father* (1992). Critical recognition has included the *Chicago Tribune* Heartland Prize. She also made the shortlist for the PEN/Faulkner Award for her novel *Off Keck Road* (2000). 

Simpson is the younger sister of the late Apple Inc. co-founder Steve Jobs. Simpson was born after her parents had married. She did not meet Jobs, who was placed for adoption after he was born, until she was 25 years old. 

Simpson was born in Green Bay, Wisconsin.

## References 
## Other websites 
*
Lodovico Meneghetti

**Lodovico Meneghetti** (2 June 1926 &ndash; 19 July 2020) was an Italian architect, urban planner and educator. He was born in Novara, Italy. He was known for his works with Vittorio Gregotti and Giotto Stoppino. He worked for the National Urban Planning Institute in Milan. From 1956 to 1960, he was the urban planner of the Municipality of Novara. Beginning in 1970, he worked at the Polytechnic University of Milan.

Meneghetti died on 19 July 2020 in Milan at the age of 94.

## References
Maurizio Calvesi (art historian)

**Maurizio Calvesi** (18 September 1927 &ndash; 24 July 2020) was an Italian art critic, historian and essayist. He was born in Rome. He was a professor at the Sapienza University of Rome. He was also a member of Accademia dei Lincei. He wrote about art history during the Renaissance and Baroque times.

Calvesi died on 24 July 2020 in Rome, aged 92.

## References
Ossey-les-Trois-Maisons

**Ossey-les-Trois-Maisons** is a commune of the Aube *département* in the north-central part of France.

## References
Hornbeck, Louisiana

**Hornbeck** is a small town in Vernon Parish, Louisiana, United States. The population was 430 at the 2020 census. It is part of the Fort Polk South Micropolitan Statistical Area.

## References
Highlands Ranch, Colorado

**Highlands Ranch** is a census-designated place (CDP) in Douglas County, Colorado, United States. The population was 103,444 at the 2020 census. It is located  south of Denver.

## References
Campbell's Soup Cans

in New York City]]
'''''Campbell's Soup Cans''''', is a work of art produced between November 1961 and March or April 1962 by Andy Warhol. It is made up of thirty-two canvases, each measuring  in height × . Each are of a painting of a Campbell's Soup can—one of each of the canned soup versions the company offered at the time. It is one of the most important art pieces of pop art in the United States.

## References
The Factory

, the second location of the Factory]]

**The Factory** was Andy Warhol's New York City studio, which had three different locations between 1962 and 1984.

The original Factory was on the fifth floor at 231 East 47th Street, in Midtown Manhattan. The rent was one hundred dollars per year. Warhol left in 1967 when the building was scheduled to be torn down to make way for an apartment building.

He then relocated his studio to the sixth floor of the Decker Building at 33 Union Square West near the corner of East 16th Street, where he was shot in 1968 by Valerie Solanas.

The Factory was revamped and remained there until 1973. It moved to 860 Broadway at the north end of Union Square. Although this space was much larger, not much filmmaking took place there.

In 1984 Warhol moved his remaining business, no longer including filming, to 22 East 33rd Street, a conventional office building.

Many Warhol movies, including those made at the Factory, were first (or later) shown at the New Andy Warhol Garrick Theatre or 55th Street Playhouse.

## References
Marilyn Diptych

The ***Marilyn Diptych*** (1962) is a silkscreen painting by American pop artist Andy Warhol. It shows Marilyn Monroe. The piece is one of the artist's most well known works. It is in the collection of the Tate.

The painting has one picture of Monroe but painted fifty times. Twenty-five of the Monroe paintings are colored in purple, yellow and green. The other half is the same picture but in black and white.

## References
Citrus

***Citrus*** is a genus of flowering trees and shrubs in the rue family, Rutaceae. 

Plants in the genus produce **citrus fruits**. The genus *Citrus* is native to South Asia, East Asia, Southeast Asia, Melanesia, and Australia. For thousands of years, people in these areas grew citrus plants. 

Citrus fruits include oranges, lemons, grapefruits, limes, citrons, pomelos, and kumquats. 

Citrus reached Micronesia and Polynesia with the Austronesian expansion around 3000-1500 BC. It reached the Middle East and Mediterranean around 1200 BC, and then Europe.

*See also List of citrus fruits.

## References
Philip de' Medici

'''Philip de' Medici''' (May 20, 1577 &ndash; March 29, 1582) was a Prince of the Grand Duchy o Tuscany, an heir to the Tuscan throne from his birth till his death in 1582. He was named in honour of King Philip II of Spain. The birth was celebrated with great joy by the court, because thus was secured the succession of the Grand Duchy for another generation and eliminated all the hopes o Bianca Cappello (his father's mistress, and later wife) He was known as *Don Filippo*. Upon his death, the title of Grand Prince went to his cousin Prince Ferdinando (future Grand Duke Ferdinando  I of Tuscany). His older sister Princess Maria was eventually a wife of the future King Henri IV of France.

## Titles and styles
***Mey 20 1577 – March 29 1582** *His Highness* The Grand Prince of Tuscany.

## Other websites
Sool, Somalia

**Sool** (, ) is an administrative region in the east part of Somaliland. Sool is mostly settled by the reer darawiish tribe. It lies between Nugal to the east, and Togdheer in the west.

## References
Chamorro language

**Chamorro** (;  (CNMI),  (Guam)) is a language spoken in Guam and the Mariana Islands by the Chamorro people. It has a lot of loanwords from the Spanish language. It is spoken by about 58,000 people.  

The Chamorro language has its own Wikipedia. The first edit was made there in 2004.

## History 
In 1922, the US government banned the Chamorro language. Now, most Chamorro in Guam speak English. However, some people are teaching Chamorro classes so that others can learn the language.

## Letters 
Chamorro uses the ABCs like English and Spanish. The Spanish brought them this alphabet.

### Vowels 
Chamorro has 6 vowels.

### Consonants 
Chamorro has 19 consonants.

## References
Darod

**Darod** is the largest Somali tribe. Most of them live in Jubaland, in Puntland, Ogadenia and the Khatumo State.

## References
Litoria hunti

***Litoria hunti*** is a tree frog from northern Papua New Guinea.  The New Guineans call it "Wowo."

The adult male frog has pads on its feet called nuptial pads.  The adult male frog is 57.9-60.4&nbsp;mm long from nose to rear end.  It is bright green on the back and sometimes has a white stripe from its jaw to its ear.  The climbing discs on its feet are white.  It has vomerine teeth in its upper jaw.

Scientists could hear this frog calling from the trees 5 to 8 meters above the ground, so they think it lays eggs in pools on the forest floor.  But they did not see the frogs doing this.

## References
Alger County, Michigan

**Alger County** is a county in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2020 census, 8,842 people live here. The county seat is Munising.

## References
Ableiges

**Ableiges** is a commune. It is found in the region Île-de-France in the Val-d'Oise department in the north of France.

## References
Cumae

.]]

**Cumae** was a Greek settlement in Italy. It was settled in 740 BC, and is the first Greek colony on the Italian mainland. The same group had founded Pithekoussai, on the island of Ischia, in 770 BC. Later they founded other cities, namely Dikaiarcheia (modern-day Pozzuoli, and Neapolis (Naples).

## References
A13 autoroute

The **A13** is an autoroute (motorway) in France. It goes between Paris and Caen. It also goes past Rouen and Le Harve. It is the oldest autoroute in France, as it first opened in 1946. It is used a lot by people going on holiday to the north coast of France. It is about  long.

## Exits and juctions
## References
Tadhg

**Tadhg** is an Irish masculine given name meaning "poet" or "philosopher".

Pronounced /taɪɡ/ (similarly to the first syllable of tiger).

## References
A14 autoroute

The **A14** is a short autoroute (motorway) in France. It starts from the A13 and goes east towards Central Paris. The autoroute is about  long.

## Exits and junctions
## References
Batagay megaslump

The **Batagay megaslump**  (also called the Batagaika crater) is a large pit in Siberia.  It is caused by the permafrost melting.  This megaslump began as a cut on the side of a hill.  It is the largest megaslump in the world. Scientists are interested in the Batagay because it has a natural record of past ecology.  Remains of extinct animals such as the prehistoric steppe bison and cave lion have been recovered.

## References
Audemus jura nostra defendere

***Audemus jura nostra defendere*** is the state motto of Alabama. It means "We dare defend our rights".

## References
Sikeston, Missouri

**Sikeston**  is a city located both in southern Scott County and northern New Madrid County, in the state of Missouri, United States. It is the principal city of the Sikeston Micropolitan Statistical Area, which consists of Scott County and Mississippi County. The city has a population of 16,291, and the county has a population of 38,059.

## References
Benton, Missouri

**Benton** is a city in Scott County, Missouri, United States. The population was 866 at the 2020 census. It is the county seat of Scott County.

## References
Lluís Serrahima

**Lluís Serrahima i Villavecchia** (19 August 1931 &ndash; 26 July 2020) was a Spanish singer-songwriter. He was born in Barcelona. He was known as the founder of the Nova Cançó, a music genre that became popular during the Francisco Franco regime. In the 1980s, he became vocal in the Generalitat de Catalunya. 

Serrahima died on 26 July 2020 in Barcelona, aged 88.

## References
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia

**Chronic lymphocytic leukemia** (**CLL**) is a type of cancer in which the bone marrow makes too many lymphocytes (a type of white blood cell). 

Early on there are typically no symptoms.

Risk factors include having a family history of the disease.

## References
Welcome to Sky Valley

***Welcome to Sky Valley***, also known as just **Sky Valley**, is the third studio album by American rock band Kyuss. It was released on 28 June 1994 on Elektra and Chameleon Records.

## Background and composition
*Welcome to Sky Valley* was recorded in early 1993 and was first meant to be released in January 1994. Because their last album did fairly well, they moved to the main record label Chameleon from the smaller label "Dali". In November 1993, Chameleon suddenly shut down. Elektra then quickly signed the banned and planned to release Welcome to Sky Valley in March 1994. The album was the first Kyuss album to have bassist Scott Reeder playing on it. He replaced Nick Oliveri in 1992. It was also the last with Brant Bjork playing on it.

## Packaging
*Welcome to Sky Valley* is named after the place in California of the same name. The album cover shows a welcome sign in Sky Valley next to a road that says the album's name, "Welcome to Sky Valley". The photograph was taken at dusk and the road is dark with a purple sky behind.

## Track listing
## Personnel
Credits taken from the album's liner notes.

**Kyuss**
*John Garcia – lead vocals, producer
*Josh Homme – guitar, backing vocals, producer
*Scott Reeder – bass, acoustic bass in "Space Cadet", backing vocals, producer
*Brant Bjork – drums, producer

**Additional performers**
*Peter Moffett – additional percussion on "Asteroid"
*"Madman of Encino" – backing vocals
*Mario Lalli – lead guitar on "N.O."

**Production**
*Chris Goss – producer
*Joe Barresi – recording engineer, mixing engineer
*Jeff Sheehan – assistant engineer
*Wade Norton – assistant engineer
*Alexe Campbell – assistant engineer
*Brian Jenkins – additional engineering
*Eddy Schreyer – mastering engineer

**Artwork**
*Alex Solca – photography
*Skiles – art director

## References
Anilingus

**Anilingus** (from the Latin *anus* + *-lingus*, from *lingere*, "to lick", variantly  spelled "**analingus**",) is the oral and anal sex act in which a person licks the anus of another by using the mouth, including lips, tongue, or teeth. It is also called **anal–oral contact** and **anal–oral sex**, and is additionally known by slang names.

Nicknames include: **rimming**, **rim job**, **eating ass** or **tossing the salad**.

## References
Extreme Spots

"**Extreme Spots**" is the first part of the 9th season of *SpongeBob SquarePants*. It was first shown on television on July 21, 2012. In the episode, SpongeBob and Patrick try to join an extreme sports team. The episode guest stars Johnny Knoxville as Johnny Krill. 

The episode was a part of a television marathon called "The Super Spongy Square Games". The marathon was watched by 3.7 million people. This made the marathon the most watched kids program for the week it was shown. The episode was released on a DVD named *Extreme Kah-Rah-Tay* on January 15, 2013. Joe Corey of *Inside Pulse* calls the episode "equally " as the rest of the episodes in the *Extreme Kah-Rah-Tay* DVD.

## References 
## Other websites 
*
*
Human anus

In humans, the **anus** (plural: anuses) is the outer opening of the rectum (where the poop is stored), found between the buttcheeks (buttocks). Its main job is to let poop leave the body during pooping. The anus has two muscles called **sphincters** that control this process:

# The **inner sphincter** (works automatically, without you thinking about it).
# The **outer sphincter** (you can control this one).

These muscles are normally tight to keep the anus closed, but they relax when you need to poop. Above the anus is an area called the **perineum**, which is also below the vulva (in females) or the scrotum (in males).

Because the anus comes into contact with poop, it can be affected by several medical conditions, such as hemorrhoids (piles). The anus is also a place where infections and other problems, including anal cancer, can happen.

The anus can be involved in sexual activity, such as anal sex. People have different opinions about anal sex, and in some countries, it is even illegal. The anus is often seen as a taboo body part and is referred to by many slang terms, which are usually vulgar. Anal sex can also spread certain sexually transmitted infections (STIs), such as HIV/AIDS and anal warts.

The anus is the last part of the digestive system, connecting directly to the rectum and passing through the pelvic floor. It is surrounded by two muscle rings called the internal and external anal sphincters, which control bowel movements. The anus has folds called anal valves, which meet at a line known as the pectinate line. This line marks the boundary between two types of tissue: the inner lining (mucosa) of the rectum and the outer skin. It also separates the internal anus (above the line) from the external anus (below the line).

The anus recieves blood from the inferior rectal artery and is controlled by nerves called the inferior rectal nerves, which come from the pudendal nerve.

* Anal bleaching
* Anal stage (Freudian psychosexual stage)
* Anococcygeal nerve
* Anorectal disorder
* Buttocks
* Cloaca
* Coccydynia
* Coccyx
* Flatulence

## References 

## Other websites
Andy Haden

**Andrew Maxwell Haden** (26 September 195029 July 2020) was a New Zealand rugby union player and All Blacks captain. He played at lock for Auckland and New Zealand from 1972 until 1985. He also played club rugby in the United Kingdom and Italy. He was born in Wanganui, New Zealand.

In 2003, Haden announced that he was beginning chemotherapy for chronic lymphocytic leukaemia. He died on 29 July 2020 in Auckland, aged 69. 

## References
Reese Schonfeld

**Maurice Wolfe "Reese" Schonfeld** (November 5, 1931 – July 28, 2020) was an American television journalist and executive. He was a co-founder of CNN in the early 1980s. He was president to the news network from 1980 to 1982. He went on to create the Food Network in the 1990s. Schonfeld was born in Newark, New Jersey.

Schonfeld died on July 28, 2020, at his home in Manhattan from Alzheimer's disease-related problems, aged 88.

## References
Joseph Moingt

**Joseph Moingt** (19 November 1915 &ndash; 28 July 2020) was a French jesuit. He was born in Salbris, France. He was known for working at the Institut Catholique de Paris. From 1970 to 1997, he was Director of the Recherches de science religieuse. In 2015, he turned 100.

Moingt died on 28 July 2020 in Paris, aged 104.

## References
Gouzangrez

**Gouzangrez** is a former commune. It is found in the region Île-de-France in the Val-d'Oise department in the north of France. On 1 January 2024, it became a part of Commeny.

## References
Perence Shiri

**Perrance Shiri** (born **Bigboy Samson Chikerema** on 11 January 1955  – 29 July 2020) Zimbabwean air officer and government official. He was Minister of Lands, Agriculture and Rural Resettlement  in the Cabinet of Zimbabwe from 1 December 2017 until his death in 2020. He was the commander of the Air Force of Zimbabwe and member of the Joint Operations Command.

Shiri was a cousin of former President Robert Mugabe. He called himself "Black Jesus".

Shiri died on 28 July 2020 from COVID-19 while hospitalized in Harare, aged 65.

## References
Orvilliers-Saint-Julien

**Orvilliers-Saint-Julien** is a commune of the Aube *département* in the north-central part of France.

## References
Middlebury College

**Middlebury College** is a private liberal arts college in Middlebury, Vermont. It was founded in 1800 by Congregationalists. The college currently enrolls 2,526 undergraduates from all 50 states and 74 countries and offers 44 majors in the arts, humanities, literature, foreign languages, social sciences, and natural sciences.

The college is the first American institution of higher education to have granted a bachelor's degree to an African-American, graduating Alexander Twilight in the class of 1823. 

## References