open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
1914 Salle Giandomenici international women's fencing competition

The '''1914 Salle Giandomenici international women's fencing competition''' was the first women's international fencing competition in the Netherlands on 17 March 1914. It was the first international women's fencing competition in the Netherlands. The competition was organized the fencing academy of Giovanni Giandomenici, the Salle Giandomenici, located at the Keizersgracht in Amsterdam. Ten fencers from the Netherlands, England, and Belgium competed against each other. The British C. E. Martin Edmunds won the competition. Dutch Esther Bekkers-Lopes Cardozo of Salle Giandomenici took the second prize.

## Entrants
In the week before the competition it was reported that a total of fourteen women entered the competition. Five from the United Kingdom, two from Salle Verbrugge in Belgium, and seven Dutch fencers from Salle Giandomenici, in the Netherlands. A later article stated two other Dutch women who entered, but didn't compete.

The names in *italic* (Jean Colmer, A. M. Cunningham, Joyce Haworth, Lily Stoop) entered for the competition, but didn’t compete.

Felix Vigeveno and Max Zeldenrust  both were president of the jury. The jury also included Verbrugge of Salle Verbrugge and Speyer.

## Competition
The matches were in "competition-format" meaning that each fencer competed against each other fencer.

The early matches were held from 10 a.m. to 12 a.m. The final matches were from 3 p.m.

### Results
British champion C. E. Martin Edmunds, who won the first prize at the 1913 International Exposition fencing competition in Ghent, lost her first match against Rosamund Johnstone with 3-2. Edmunds won her three next matches against Goudeket, C. E. Taylor and M. Blom. Johnstone lost against the Dutch Esther Bekkers-Lopes Cardozo with 3-1, who had the advantage that she fenced left-handed. With an one hit difference, Bekkers-Lopes Cardozo also beated the Belgian Blom and the Dutch Mendels with 3-1. An important match was Bekkers-Lopes Cardozo against Edmunds. Edmunds with the advantage of being tall was able to beat Bekkers-Lopes Cardozo with her quickness and left-handedness. It was the only match Bekkers-Lopes Cardozo lost. The Dutch Meijerink lost her match against Edmunds but afterwards she won against Johnstone, Goudeket and Taylor.

The match that determined the final result was Edmunds against the Belgian J. De Deken. Bekkers-Lopes Cardozo would win overall if Edmunds lost. After a long match, Edmunds won with 3-2, and won the overall competition.

### Fencing styles
The English took advantage of their height and long arms. They fenced with great hesitation. The style was in contrast to the Belgians, who were very graceful and fenced with quick movements. The Dutch's style was between that of the English and Belgians.

## Related pages
*1911 England–Holland women's fencing competitions
*1920 Salle Giandomenici international women's fencing competition

## References
## Other websites
*image of the participants
Dance video game

A **dance video game** is a video game created off of dancing and rhythm. Usually in a dancing game, you follow the rules or dances shown on the screen and follow them to the best you can and score the most points to win. Most dancing games, you usually dance while music is playing to help you get into rhythm.

## History 
The first dancing created in 1987 was Dance Aerobics where you get into fit while dancing. In 1998 a new dancing game called Dance Dance Revolution by Konami. In Dance Dance Revolution, you follow the arrows on the screen with your feet while it goes to music. You can find Dance Dance Revolution or copies of it in arcades. In 2009, a new dancing game called Just Dance was released. In Just Dance, you must hold the controller(Wii remote, switch controller, phone app, PS Move) or use the Kinect or PS4 Camera to dance. You have to hold the controller in your right hand and follow the dancer(s) on screen like a reflection. Just Dance is normally a fun family party game that you can find in homes but it has grown to where it is competitive.

## Related pages 
* Dance Dance Revolution
* Just Dance (video game series)

## References
Farwaniya Governorate

The **Farwaniya Governorate** ( *Muḥāfaẓat al-Farwānīyah*) is the most populous of the 6 governorates of Kuwait. It is the main living area of Kuwait City and is also important commercially.

## Areas 
Farwaniya Governorate is divided into 16 areas:

## References
Jahra Governorate

The **Jahra Governorate** or **Al-Jahra Governorate** ( *Muḥāfaẓat al-Ǧahrāʾ*) is the largest of the six governorates of Kuwait by area. It contains the majority of Kuwait's farmland.

## References
Mubarak Al-Kabeer (governorate)

**Mubarak Al-Kabeer Governorate** ( *Muḥāfaẓat Mubārak al-Kabīr*) is one of the six governorates of Kuwait. It is mainly made up of housing for Kuwait City.

## Districts 
Mubarak Al-Kabeer Governorate includes the following districts:
* Abu Al Hasaniya
* Abu Futaira
* Adān
* Al Qurain
* Al-Qusour
* Fintās
* Funaitīs
* Misīla
* Mubarak Al-Kabeer
* Sabah Al-Salem
* Sabhān
* South Wista
* Wista 

## References
Rodney Atkins

**Rodney Allan Atkins** (born March 28, 1969) is an American country music singer and songwriter.

## Discography
;Studio albums
* *Honesty* (2003)
* ''If You're Going Through Hell* (2006)
* *It's America* (2009)
* *Take a Back Road* (2011)
* *Caught Up in the Country'' (2019)

## References
Maykop

**Maykop** (;  ) is the capital city of the Republic of Adygea in Russia. It is on the right bank of the Belaya River (a tributary of the Kuban River).

## History 
Major growth in Maykop started after oil deposits were found nearby in 1910. Maykop was a town in Kuban Oblast at the time. 

In 1936, the Adyghe Autonomous Oblast was created with Maykop as the administrative center (capital city).

Maykop has been the capital of the Republic of Adygea since 1991.

## Economy 
The finding of large underground oil reserves in 1910 has made Maykop a major centre for oil extraction for the Soviet Union and, later, Russia. Other economically important sectors are food processing and the timber industry.

## Ethnic groups 
Ethnic groups in the city (2010 data):

* Russians (71.29%)
* Adyghe (19.71%)
* Armenians (3.03%)
* Ukrainians (1.88%)

Other ethnic groups include Chechens, Daghestanis and Tatars. There are ethnic tensions between the Muslim Adyghe and the Russians—with the two communities described as being "sharply divided".

## Climate 
Maykop is in the humid subtropical climate zone (Köppen climate classification: *Cfa*).

## Notable people 
* Nikita Kucherov, professional ice hockey player

## References
Bill Peet

**William Bartlett Peet** (January 29, 1915 - May 11, 2002) was an American children's book illustrator and story writer and animator for Walt Disney Animation Studios.

## Early life 
Peet was born in Grandview, Indiana, on January 29, 1915. He developed a love of drawing at an early age and filled tablets with sketches.

## Death and legacy 
Peet died on May 11, 2002, at the age of 87.

## Filmography 
* Pinocchio (1940)
* Fantasia (1940)
* Dumbo (1941)
* How to Play Football (1944)
* The Three Caballeros (1944)
* Tiger Trouble (1945)
* African Diary (1945)
* Californy're Bust (1945)
* A Knight for a Day (1946)
* Song of the South (1946)
* So Dear to My Heart (1948)
* Cinderella (1950)
* Wonder Dog (1950)
* Alice in Wonderland (1951)
* Lambert the Sheepish Lion (1952)
* Susie the Little Blue Coupe (1952)
* The Little House (1952)
* Peter Pan (1953)
* Ben and Me (1953)
* The Wonderful World of Disney (1954-1970, fourteen episodes)
* The Truth About Mother Goose (1957)
* Sleeping Beauty (1959)
* Goliath II (1960)
* One Hundred and One Dalmatians (1961)
* The Sword in the Stone (1963)
* The Jungle Book (1967)

## Other websites 
* Bill Peet Website
*
AR15

**AR15** may refer to:
* AR-15 style rifle, made by many manufacturers
* ArmaLite AR-15, a rifle designed by ArmaLite
Barbara Luddy

**Barbara Luddy** (May 25, 1908 - April 11, 1979) was an American actress.

## Biography 
Luddy was born in Great Falls, Montana to Will and Molly Luddy.

## Personal life 
Luddy married to R. Ned LeFevre and had two children Barbara and Chris LeFevre.

## References 
## Other websites 
*
*
Star Wars Resistance

**Star Wars: Resistance** is a Star Wars television show. The show is created by Dave Filoni, and the main character of the show is Kazuda Xiono. A pilot working for the Resistance. The series ended after two seasons.

## References
Ci shrine

A **Ci shrine**, (祠), is a kind of religious building that originated in China. They are used for honoring people and ancestors.

They are a kind of Chinese temple and are different from Miao Shrines which honor deities instead of people and ancestors.

Ci shrines were often built by the public to worship public figures, sometimes living ones. In the Ming dynasty, the people of Teng County built a ci shrine to the life of Zhao Bangqing. Hero shrines were built to heroes who died for the country. The Chinese hero cult honors such heroes at Ci shrines.

Since ci and miao are similar, sometimes they are mixed together. Some ci shrines are dedicated to Confucian, Daoist, or Buddhist deities such as Wong Tai Sin Temple.

## Related pages 
* Jisi
* Miao shrine

## Sources
Subantarctic rayadito

The **Subantarctic rayadito** (*Aphrastura subantarctica*) is a species of bird. It is endemic to the Diego Ramírez Islands in Chile.

## References
## Other websites
*UNT professor discovers new bird species in Chile
Ricardo Rozzi

**Ricardo Rozzi** is an academic from Chile's University of Magallanes and the University of North Texas He is the director of the Cape Horn International Center for Global Change Studies and Biocultural Conservation (CHIC)

## Grants and scientific works
*R.Rozzi on ANID.cl Profiles

## References
Barista

A coffee maker or barista is a person who prepares and delivers espresso-based drinks in a coffee shop. 

Although this profession is not an official profession, most coffee shops have an espresso machine to show. They use this word. Every year, the world barista competition is held to select their skills. This competition was established for the first time in Norway. After winning in their country, the baristas are selected and sent to the international competition.

Today, in many cafes, the barista prepares hot and cold drinks based on coffee or even other coffee. Baristas are usually dressed in a jacket, vest or apron to distinguish them from other baristas. A good barista should know exactly how much temperature and water pressure and how long to use to prepare an espresso shot, according to the type of coffee, the type of roast (roast) and the type of grinder.

## Barista skills 
Many baristas take great pride in their skills and spend years perfecting specific techniques to make great drinks. More experienced baristas are often tasked with training new employees. This training can range from making everyday drinks to creating specialty drinks to learning how to operate complex machinery.
Neodymium magnet

Neodymium magnets is the most widely used commercially rare earth magnets, meaning a strong magnet forged from a rare earth material. Neodymium magnets are alloys of neodymium,iron, and boron to form a tetragonal crystalline structure.it was developed in 1984 by car companies to use commercially. 

A nickel plated neodymium magnet from a bracket from a hard drive 

neodymium magnet balls in a shape of a d20 

The tetragonal crystalline structure neodymium magnets make.

Neodymium magnets have replaced other types of magnets in many applications in modern products that require strong permanent magnets, such as electric motors in cordless tools, hard disk drives and magnetic fasteners.
Have a Cigar

"**Have a Cigar**" is the third song on *Wish You Were Here*, an album by Pink Floyd. It was released in 1975. In some places, the song was sold as a single. Roger Waters wrote the song. The lyrics of the song are Waters' opinions on the greed and cynicism of people who managed rock bands at the time.

Roy Harper, an English singer, sang the lyrics on the song. It is one of three Pink Floyd songs that has a guest singer as the main vocalist. The other two songs are "The Great Gig in the Sky" with Clare Torry and "Hey Hey Rise Up" with Andriy Khlyvnyuk.
Ahmadi Governorate

The **Ahmadi Governorate** (Arabic: محافظة الأحمدي) is the second-most populated governorate of Kuwait. It is home to several major oil companies.

## Districts 
The Ahmadi Governorate is made up of 14 different districts.

* Abu Halifa
* Al-Ahmadi
* Egaila
* Daher
* Fahaheel
* Fintas
* Hadyia
* Jaber Al-Ali
* Mahboula
* Mangaf
* Riqqa
* Subahiya
* Sabah Al-Ahmad Sea City
* Wafra

## References
Triclabendazole

for triclabendazole.]]
**Triclabendazole**, sold with the name **Egaten** or **Fasinex**, is a medicine for treating fascioliasis and paragonimiasis, which are parasitic infections. It is good at treating both diseases. It is taken by mouth. Usually, one or two doses are needed.

The United States let people start using triclabendazole in 2019. It is also used for animals.

## References
Sweet Emotion

**"Sweet Emotion"** is a 1975 single by American hard rock band Aerosmith and taken from their third studio album *Toys in the Attic*. It blends hard rock, funk rock and pop.
Believe (song)

**Believe (song)** may refer to:

*Believe (Elton John song), 1995 song
*Believe (Cher song), 1998 song 
*Believe (Brooks & Dunn song), 2005 song
*Believe (The Chemical Brothers song), 2005 song
Monotropism

**Monotropism** is a way that the autistic brain works, and can be thought to be a big part of what defines autism. A monotropic mind is one that focuses very strongly on only a few things. Dinah Murray and Wenn Lawson  made the theory of monotropism, which was written about in the journal *Autism* with Mike Lesser in 2005.

Monotropic minds can focus on things very strongly, but this means that it's likely for a monotropic mind to have 'tunnel vision', which is when things that are not being focused on are not noticed at all. This stronger thinking can be a very positive feeling. However, monotropism means that moving from one task to another is harder. Starting and stopping activities is also hard, because a monotropic mind keeps getting pulled to focus on a small number of things.
University of Colorado

The University of Colorado (CU) is a system of public universities in Colorado. It has four campuses: 

* University of Colorado Boulder (CU Boulder) in Boulder, Colorado
* University of Colorado Colorado Springs (UCCS) in Colorado Springs, Colorado
* University of Colorado Denver (CU Denver) in Denver, Colorado
* University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus (CU Anschutz) in Aurora, Colorado

The University of Colorado Boulder was the first campus. It was built in 1876.

## References
Taksin

**King Taksin the Great** (Thai: สมเด็จพระเจ้าตากสินมหาราช, RTGS: Somdet Phra Chao Taksin Maharat) or the King of Thonburi (Thai: สมเด็จพระเจ้ากรุงธนบุรี, RTGS: Somdet Phra Chao Krung Thon Buri; simplified Chinese: 郑昭; traditional Chinese: 鄭昭; pinyin: Zhèng Zhāo; Teochew: Dên Chao; Vietnamese: Trịnh Quốc Anh  鄭國英; April 17, 1734 – April 7, 1782) was the only king of the Thonburi Kingdom.

## References
Heartbeat City

***Heartbeat City*** is the fifth studio album by American new wave rock band The Cars. It was released on 13 March 1984 through Elektra Records. It went to number 1 in New Zealand, number 3 in the United States and number 5 in Canada.

## Track listing
### Notes
* "Stranger Eyes" is titled "Stranger" on the label of early US vinyl pressings, though the title is listed as "Stranger Eyes" on the inner sleeve.
* "Heartbeat City" is titled "Jacki" on the inner sleeve of early US vinyl pressings, though the title is listed (correctly) as "Heartbeat City" on the label. On early cassette versions, the track is titled "Jacki" on the cassette insert, but as "Heartbeat City" on the actual tape.
## References
1972 European Cup final

The **1972 European Cup Final** was a football match held at De Kuip, Rotterdam, on 31 May 1972.
## Route to the final
## Match
### Details
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|}

## Related pages
* 1971–72 European Cup
* AFC Ajax in European football
* Inter Milan in European football

## References
## Other websites
* 1971-72 season at UEFA website
1971 European Cup final

The **1971 European Cup Final** was a football match. It was between Ajax of the Netherlands and Panathinaikos of Greece.
## Route to the final
## Match
### Details
|valign="top"|
|  style="vertical-align:top; width:50%;"|

|}

## Related pages
* 1970–71 European Cup
* 1971 Intercontinental Cup
* AFC Ajax in European football
* Panathinaikos F.C. in European football

## Other websites
* 1970-71 season at UEFA website
Rama I

**Phra Phutthayotfa Chulalok Maharaj** (Thai: พระพุทธยอดฟ้าจุฬาโลกมหาราช, 20 March 1737 – 7 September 1809), personal name **Thongduang** (ทองด้วง), also known as **Rama I**, was the founder of the Rattanakosin Kingdom and the first monarch of the reigning Chakri dynasty of Siam (now Thailand). His full title in Thai is Phra Bat Somdet Phra Paramoruracha Mahachakkriborommanat Phra Phutthayotfa Chulalok (พระบาทสมเด็จพระปรโมรุราชามหาจักรีบรมนารถ พระพุทธยอดฟ้าจุฬาโลก). He ascended the throne in 1782, following the deposition of King Taksin of Thonburi. He was also celebrated as the founder of Rattanakosin (now Bangkok) as the new capital of the reunited kingdom.

## References
1973 European Cup final

The **1973 European Cup Final** was a football match. It was held at the Red Star Stadium, Belgrade, on 30 May 1973. Ajax of the Netherlands defeated Juventus of Italy 1–0. A goal from Johnny Rep made Ajax to win. 
## Route to the final
## Match
### Details
|valign="top"|
|valign="top" width="50%"|

|}

## Related pages
*1972–73 European Cup
*1996 UEFA Champions League Final – contested by the same teams
*AFC Ajax in European football
*Juventus F.C. in European football
*1972–73 Juventus F.C. season

## Notes
## References
## Other websites
*1972-73 season at UEFA website
Rama III

**Nangklao** (Thai: พระบาทสมเด็จพระนั่งเกล้าเจ้าอยู่หัว, RTGS: Phra Bat Somdet Phra Nangklao Chao Yu Hua; 31 March 1788 – 2 April 1851), birth name **Thap** (Thai: ทับ), also styled **Rama III**, was the third king of Siam under the House of Chakri, ruling from 21 July 1824 to 2 April 1851.

## References
Rama II

**Phra Phutthaloetla Naphalai** (Thai: พระพุทธเลิศหล้านภาลัย, 24 February 1767 – 21 July 1824), personal name **Chim** (Thai: ฉิม), also styled as **Rama II**, was the second monarch of Siam under the Chakri dynasty, ruling from 1809 to 1824

## References
Krais of Russia

A **krai** () is a type of federal subject of Russia. Of the 85 federal subjects of Russia, 9 are krais. Krais legally have the same power as oblasts. The difference between the two is simply traditional. Both krai and oblast have similar general meaning ("region" or "area").

## List of Krais 
Below is a list of the krais of Russia, in alphabetical order:

* Altai Krai
* Kamchatka Krai
* Khabarovsk Krai
* Krasnodar Krai
* Krasnoyarsk Krai
* Perm Krai
* Primorsky Krai
* Stavropol Krai
* Zabaykalsky Krai

## Related articles 
* Krais of the Russian Empire

## References
Circassian flag

The **Circassian flag** (or the **Flag of Adygea**) is the national flag of the Circassians. It has a green background with twelve gold stars forming an arc that looks like a bow. There are three crossed arrows in the center.

## References
Oaxacan yellow tree frog

The **Oaxacan yellow tree frog** (*Megastomatohyla pellita*) is a frog. It lives in Mexico.  It lives in the Sierra Madre del Sur mountains in Oaxaca.

The adult male frog is 25.2–27.3 mm long from nose to rear end and at least two female frogs were 28.6 and 31.6 mm long.  The skin on the frog's back is yellow-brown in color.  There are darker marks on its sides.

This frog is in danger of dying out.  This is because human beings change the places where it lives.  Humans cut down trees for wood or to build farms or houses or make places for cows and other animals to eat grass.  They are also dying from disease.  They are also dying because new frogs from other places eat all the food.

## References
Fencing at the 1913 International Exposition

Fencing was one of the sports that was contested at the 1913 International Exposition in Ghent in June and July 1913. There were national and international competitions held, including an international women's competition.

## Competitions overview
### Tercentenary Cup
The Tercentenary Cup (in French: Coupe du Tricentenaire) was a national fencing competition that took place on 22 and 23 July 1913 at the . Teams consisted of four Belgian fencers who belonged to the same fencing academy. Competitions were held for floret, epee and sabre. The first prize was the Tricentanaire Cup. All fencers of the 1st class fencing academies received a gold commemorative medal, fencers of the 2nd class fencing academies a silver one and all other participants and the jury a bronze medal.

### Women's foil
In March 1913 it was announced women from Great Britain, Denmark, Sweden, France, the Netherlands and Belgium would compete in this event.

In this only women's international competition, around forty women competed against each other, including the best fencers from the United Kingdom, Belgium and the Netherlands. The foil competition was held over several round. The British C. E. Martin Edmunds won the competition. The Dutch Esther Bekkers-Lopes Cardozo won her semi-finals, but was defeated by Martin Edmunds and finished fifth overall.

## References
## Other websites
*Poster with the sports at the 1913 International Exposition , listing fencing and depicting a fencer
Lysapsus

***Lysapsus*** is a genus of frogs in the family Hylidae. These frogs live in South America. They live east of the Andes. They are called **harlequin frogs** in English.

Many frogs in *Lysapsus* are larger when they are tadpoles than when they are adult frogs.

## Species
There are four species:
* *Lysapsus bolivianus* (Gallardo, 1961)
* *Lysapsus caraya* (Gallardo, 1964)
* *Lysapsus laevis* (Parker, 1935)
* *Lysapsus limellum* (Cope, 1862)
Scientists believe *Lysapsus bolivianus* may be its own species or a subspecies of *Lysapsus limellum*.

## References
1913 Alfred Hutton Memorial Challenge Cup

The **1913 Alfred Hutton Memorial Challenge Cup** was a women's international fencing competition held at the Bertand's School of Arms in London, the United Kingdom, from 26 to 27 November 1913. A total of 36 fencers from three nations (the United Kingdon, the Netherlands and the United States) competed against each other.

## Entrants
A total of 36 fencers entered for the competition. 30 fencers from the United Kingdom, 5 from the Netherlands and one from the United States. Among the British fencers did not participated: Gladys Daniell the champion of 1911-12 and C. E. Martin Edmunds who won the fencing competition in Ghent.

## Results
### Elimination round
#### Pool 1
#### Pool 2
#### Pool 3
#### Pool 4
#### Pool 5
#### Pool 6
### Semi-finals
#### Pool 1
#### Pool 2
### Final
The final was held in the evening. Alice Walker was not in her best, and lost her firts match against Jean Colmer with 5-3. However, she won against all the other opponents and so the final classification.

;Best foreigner
The Dutch Esther Bekkers-Lopes Cardozo was the best foreigner and won the "strangers cup".

Reference full results

## Related pages
*1911 England–Holland women's fencing competitions

## References
Mongkut

**Mongkut** (Thai: มงกุฏ; 18 October 1804 – 1 October 1868) was the fourth monarch of Siam (Thailand) under the House of Chakri, titled **Rama IV**. He ruled from 1851 to 1868. His full title in Thai is *Phra Bat Somdet Phra Menthora Ramathibodi Sri Sinthara Mahamakut Phra Mongkut Phra Siam Deva Mahamakut Wittaya Maharaj* (พระบาทสมเด็จพระปรเมนทรรามาธิบดีศรีสินทรมหามงกุฎ พระจอมเกล้าเจ้าอยู่หัว พระสยามเทวมหามกุฏวิทยมหาราช).

## References
Prajadhipok

**Prajadhipok** (Thai: ประชาธิปก, RTGS: Prachathipok, 8 November 1893 – 30 May 1941), also **Rama VII**, was the seventh monarch of Siam of the Chakri dynasty. His reign was a turbulent time for Siam due to political and social changes during the Revolution of 1932. He is to date the only Siamese monarch of the Chakri Dynasty to abdicate.

## References
Ram Khamhaeng

**Ram Khamhaeng** (Thai: รามคำแหง, Pho Khun Ram Khamhaeng Maharat (Thai: พ่อขุนรามคำแหงมหาราช, Ramkhamhaeng, was the third king of the Phra Ruang Dynasty, ruling the Sukhothai Kingdom (a historical kingdom of Thailand) from 1279 to 1298, during its most prosperous era.

## References
List of Formula One broadcasters

This is a **list of Formula One broadcasters** and 'World Feed' producers. Formula One, the highest level of circuit racing defined by the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile, motor sport's world governing body, can be seen live or tape delayed on television in almost every country and territory around the world.

## Broadcasters
### 2023 broadcasters
These are the broadcasters for the 2023 Formula One World Championship.

### 2024 broadcasters
These are the broadcasters for the 2024 Formula One World Championship.

## References
N.E.R.D.

**N.E.R.D** (stylized as N*E*R*D) is an American hip hop and rock band. It was formed in 1999 by Pharrell Williams, Chad Hugo, and Shay Haley in Virginia Beach, Virginia. The band's first two albums, *In Search of...*  and *Fly or Die*, were certified gold by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA). 

## Discography
### Studio albums
**In Search Of...* (2001)
**Fly or Die* (2004)
**Seeing Sounds* (2008)
**Nothing* (2010)
**No One Ever Really Dies* (2017)

## References
Roman roads

**Roman roads** are roads that the Romans build to make sure that messages and people could move easily round the Empire. The roads were helpful for armies, officials, civilians, messengers, and traders. All the roads put together were more than  long, and  of the roads are made of stone.

## References 
*see also Roman roads in Britain
Phil Jagielka

**Philip Nikodem Jagielka** (born 17 August 1982) is an English professional footballer who plays as a centre-back for EFL Championship club Stoke City.

Jagielka started his career with Sheffield United in 2000, where he played mainly as a central midfielder. He helped them achieve top-flight status for the 2006–07 season, after which he joined Everton for a £4 million fee. He later captained the club from 2013–2019, and totalled 385 games. He left Everton in 2019 after 12 years and returned to former club Sheffield United.

## Career statistics
### Club
### International
:*England score listed first, score column indicates score after each Jagielka goal*

**Individual**
*Football League Championship Player of the Year: 2005–06
*Premier League Player of the Month: February 2009
*PFA Team of the Year: 2003–04 First Division, 2005–06 Championship
*Sheffield United Player of the Year: 2004–05, 2005–06, 2006–07
*Everton Player of the Season: 2008–09, 2014–15
*Everton Players' Player of the Season: 2008–09, 2014–15
*Everton Goal of the Season: 2014–15

## References
Don S. Davis

**Donald Sinclair "Don" Davis** (August 4, 1942 – June 29, 2008) was an American character actor best known for playing General Hammond in the television series *Stargate SG-1* (1997–2007), and earlier for playing Major Garland Briggs on the television series *Twin Peaks* (1990–1991). He was also a theater professor, painter, and United States Army captain.

## References
Texas blind salamander

The **Texas blind salamander** is a salamander that is very hard to find. It lives in caves in Texas. 

It is white and it cannot use its eyes because they are hidden under the skin of its head. It is an amphibian and its gills are outside its body. When it is grown up it is 13 centimeters (5 inches) long.

It eats small animals like shrimp and snails that flow in its cave.
Salomão

**Salomão** is a Portugese surname and given name. This is a unique name (not in the top 1000 newborn names in the US in 2021). Notable people with the name include: 

## Given name 
*  (1880–1969), Brazilian priest
*  (born 1972), Lebanese footballer
*  (born 1995), Mozambican footballer
* Salomon Kalou, Ivorian association football player

## Surname 
*  (born 1988), Portuguese footballer
*  (born 1954), Mozambican economist
*  (1943–2003), Brazilian poet 

## References
Luther Burbank

**Luther Burbank** (March 7, 1849 – April 11, 1926) was an American botanist, horticulturist and pioneer in agricultural science. He developed more than 800 strains and varieties of plants over his 55-year career. Burbank's varied creations included fruits, flowers, grains, grasses, and vegetables. He developed (but did not create) a spineless cactus (useful for cattle-feed) and the plumcot.

## References
Adolf, King of the Romans

**Adolf** (c. 1255 – 2 July 1298) was the count of Nassau from about 1276 and the elected king of Germany from 1292 until his deposition by the prince-electors in 1298. He was never crowned by the pope, which would have secured him the imperial title. He was the first physically and mentally healthy ruler of the Holy Roman Empire ever to be deposed without a papal excommunication. Adolf died shortly afterwards in the Battle of Göllheim fighting against his successor Albert of Habsburg.

## References
Ismail Kemal

**Ismail Kemal** (16 January 1844 – 26 January 1919) was an Albanian politician, statesman and the founder of modern Albania. The principal author of the Declaration of Independence, he subsequently served as the first prime minister of Albania and Foreign Minister of Albania during the period from 1912 to 1914.

Although he used the spelling Kemal in his memoirs, many Albanians incorrectly use Qemali as his surname.

## References
Sarit Thanarat

Field Marshal **Sarit Thanarat** (Thai: สฤษดิ์ ธนะรัชต์, 16 June 1908 – 8 December 1963) was a Thai general. He staged a coup in 1957 and then became prime minister until he died in 1963.

## References
Impeachment trial of Andrew Johnson

The **impeachment trial of Andrew Johnson**, 17th president of the United States, was held in the United States Senate and it ended with Andrew Johnson becoming impeached, the first president of the United States to do so.
Redistribution of income and wealth

**Redistribution of income and wealth** is the moving of income and money from people with higher income to people from lower income through several means suah as progressive income tax, in order to alleviate economic inequality.

## References
Combat Infantryman Badge

The **Combat Infantryman Badge**, or **CIB**, is a United States Army military award. The badge is given to soldiers in the infantry or Special Forces in the rank of colonel or below. A soldier has to fight in active ground combat to receive the award. For soldiers who are not in the infantry or Special Forces, the Combat Action Badge is given instead. For soldiers working in the army's medical field, the Combat Medical Badge is given instead, unless they are a Special Forces Medical Sergeant. A medical sergeant would get the CIB.

The CIB was made in November of 1943, during World War II. It was made to keep soldiers confident, and appreciate what they do for the military on the ground.

## References
Order of Bogdan Khmelnitsky (Soviet Union)

The **Order of Bohdan Khmelnitsky** (, ) was a award given in Soviet Union. It was named after Bohdan Khmelnytsky, Hetman (or leader) of the Ukrainian Cossack Hetmanate. The award was first established on October 10, 1943 during World War II. It was the only Red Army award to be written in the Ukrainian language.

The order was discontinued after the dissolution of the Soviet Union. A similar award, the Order of Bohdan Khmelnytsky, was begun on May 3, 1995, by Ukrainian president Leonid Kuchma to remember the 50th anniversary of victory in the German-Soviet War.

## Other websites 
* Order of Bogdan Khmelnitsky
* president.gov.ua - Order of Bohdan Khmelnytskyi
Soviet Armed Forces

The **Military Armed Forces of the Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic**, and then the **Union of Soviet Socialist Republics**, commonly known as the **Soviet Armed Forces**, the **Armed Forces of the Soviet Union** or the **Soviet Military** were the military armed forces of the Russian SFSR (1917–1922) and the Soviet Union (1922–1991). It was the armed forces of the Bolshevik Party since in the begining of the Russian Civil War of 1917–1923 (led by Vladimir Lenin) World War 2 (1939-1945) (led by Joseph Stalin) and the Cold War (1945-1991) . They were also known as the **Red Army** from 1918 until the Soviet military was established in 1946 after World War 2 by  .The Soviet military was also involved in the proxy wars during the Cold War like the Chinese Civil War,the Korean War the Cuban Revolution the First Indochina War and the Vietnam War as well as the Cambodian Civil War and the Cambodian–Vietnamese War as well the Soviet–Afghan War . In May 1992, Russian President Boris Yeltsin issued decrees forming the Russian Armed Forces. It included much of the Soviet Armed Forces.

## References
Vic Rattlehead

.]]
**Vic Rattlehead** is the mascot of American thrash metal band Megadeth. Vic is a skeleton wearing a suit, with his eyes, ears, and mouth covered by clamps and metal pieces. Vic is a symbol of censorship, as well as the phrase "see no evil, hear no evil, speak no evil".

## Appearances 
Vic was on the cover art for Megadeth's first four albums: *Killing Is My Business... And Business Is Good!*, ''Peace Sells... But Who's Buying?*, *So Far, So Good... So What!*, and *Rust in Peace*. Vic did not appear on any other album covers until 2001, when he was on *The World Needs a Hero*. He then appeared on the covers for *The System Has Failed*, *United Abominations*, *Th1rt3en*, *Dystopia*, and *The Sick, the Dying... and the Dead!.''

Vic has made small appearances in a few Megadeth music videos.

## References
Capital Governorate, Kuwait

The **Capital Governorate** ( ), sometimes named **Al Kuwayt**, is one of the six governorates of Kuwait. It makes up the historic core of Kuwait City, industrial and port areas such as Shuwaikh and Doha Port,  and several offshore islands. It is made up of the following areas:

* Abdullah Al-Salem **عبدالله السالم**
* Adiliya **العديلية**
* Bneid Al-Qar **بنيد القار**
* Al Da'iya **الدعية**
* Al Dasma **الدسمة**
* Al Faiha **الفيحا**
* Jaber Al-Ahmad **جابر الاحمد**
* Jibla
* Kaifan **كيفان**
* Khaldiya
* Al Mansouriah **المنصورية**
* Murgab **المرقاب**
* Al-Nuzha **النزهة**
* Al Qadisiya **القادسية**
* Qurtoba **قرطبة**
* Rawdah **الروضة**
* Al Shamiya **الشامية**
* Sharq
* Al Shuwaikh **الشويخ**
* Sulaibikhat
* Al Surra **السرة**
* Al Yarmouk **اليرموك**
* North West Sulaibikhat **شمال غرب الصليبيخات**

*Al-ʿĀṣima* means 'The Capital' in Arabic. Al-ʿĀṣima houses most of Kuwait's financial and business centres such as the Kuwait Stock Exchange.

## References
Hawalli Governorate

The **Hawalli Governorate** ( *Muḥāfaẓat Ḥawalli*) is one of the 6 governorates of Kuwait. It is made up of the following areas:

* Hawalli
* Bayan
* Mishref
* Maidan Hawalli
* Jabriya
* Rumaithiya
* Salmiya
* Salwa
* Shaab
* Al-Salam
* Hattin
* Al-Zahra
* Mubarak Al-Abdullah Al Jaber (West Mishref)
* Al-Shuhada
* Al-Badae
* Al-Siddiq

## References
Western blot

to show the proteins.  The ladder is on the left.  The test proteins are all between 37 and 50 kiloDaltons in size.]]

The **western blot** is a scientific process.  It is a test.  Western blotting is also called **immunoblotting**.  Scientists use Western blots to look at proteins.  A Western blot can show how big a protein is.  Sometimes a Western blot can show how much of the protein is there.  Scientists studying proteins do Western blots more than any other test.

## Test
A Western blot is one kind of gel electrophoresis.

Most proteins are clear or cloudy, so scientists have to make them easier to see. First, they block the proteins. That means they treat them so they will not bind to anything the scientist does not want. They can use milk to do this.[2] Then they treat the proteins with a primary antibody. The primary antibody sticks to the protein. Then they treat them with a secondary antibody. The secondary antibody sticks to the primary antibody. The secondary antibody either glows or changes color. This way, the scientists can see how much protein is there on the membrane and where it went when it moved through the gel.

Sometimes scientists denature the proteins before the Western blot. Proteins are long chains of amino acids, like beads on a string. Most of the time, proteins are crumpled or squashed into balls or other shapes. A large protein in a tight ball will move faster than a large protein unfolded like a string. This can be confusing. Denaturing the protein makes it unfold so it is more like a string. This makes it easier to tell large proteins from small ones. Scientists put the chemical sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) in the gel, so the proteins stay unfolded. Otherwise, the proteins shrink into their tight ball shape again.

## Uses
Most of the time, the scientist already thinks they know which proteins are in the sample.  They choose a primary antibody that sticks to that protein.  For example, if a doctor knows a patient is sick and thinks that patient has HIV, the doctor will take a cell sample from that patient.  They will run a Western blot to look for proteins that HIV makes.

## Results
Scientists say Western blots are semi-quantitative.  This means that the scientist can tell whether there is more or less protein but not exactly how much.  It got its name in 1981.

The Western blot is named after the person who invented the Southern blot, Edwin Southern.  Southern blots find DNA.  When scientists changed the Southern blot to find RNA, they called it a Northern blot.  When scientists changed the Southern blot to find proteins, they called it a Western blot. When scientists changed the Southern blot to find lipids (fats), phosphates, and glycoconjugates, they called it an Eastern blot.

## References
Autonomous okrugs of Russia

**Autonomous okrugs** (, *avtonomnyy okrug*; more correctly called "**autonomous districts**" or "**autonomous areas**") are a type of federal subject of Russia. Three of the four autonomous okrugs are legally part of an oblast, but keep some autonomy. These are the Nenets Autonomous Okrug, the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, and the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug. The other autonomous okrug, Chukotka, is not a part of any oblast. 

## List of Autonomous Okrugs 
### Former Autonomous Okrugs 
## References 

## Related articles 
* Autonomous republics of the Soviet Union
* Autonomous oblasts of the Soviet Union
* Federal subjects of Russia
* Republics of Russia
Mock Up on Mu

***Mock Up on Mu*** is a 2008 science fiction collage film. It was directed by American experimental filmmaker Craig Baldwin. The film develops a fictionalized continuation of the story of L. Ron Hubbard, Jack Parsons, and Marjorie Cameron. Baldwin assembled it mostly from found footage but began introducing more original live-action footage than in earlier projects.

## Cast 
* Damon Packard as L. Ron Hubbard
* Kal Spelletich as Jack Parsons
* Michelle Silva as Marjorie Cameron
* Stoney Burke as Lockheed Martin

## Release 
*Mock Up on Mu* first appearedd at the 2008 San Francisco International Film Festival. Later, it was released at the New York Film Festival in 2008.

## References 
## Other websites 
* *Mock Up on Mu* at Other Cinema
* 
* 
*
Albanian People's Army

The '''Albanian People's Army** (, **UPSh''') was the national army of the People's Socialist Republic of Albania. It was existed from 1946 until it's dissolution in 1990. 

The UPSh was subjected to the rule of the Party of Labour of Albania, like all other Communist states. After it's disband, it reformed through the Albanian Armed Forces. It consisted of the Ground Forces, the Navy and the Air Force.

## References
Hemorrhage (In My Hands)

"**Hemorrhage (In My Hands)**" is a song by American hard rock band Fuel. It is the leading single from their second studio album *Something Like Human*. It went to number 30 in the United States and number 46 in Australia.

## Track listing
#"Hemorrhage (In My Hands)"
#"Easy"
#"Stripped Away"
#"Going to California" (Led Zeppelin cover, written by Jimmy Page, Robert Plant)

## References
1987 Giro d'Italia

The '''1987 Giro d'Italia''' was the 70th edition of the race. It began on 21 May with a  prologue in San Remo. It concluded on 13 June with a  individual time trial in Saint-Vincent. It was a total of 180 riders from 20 teams entered the 22-stage. The distance for the race was . It was won by Irishman Stephen Roche of the  team. British rider Robert Millar and Dutchman Erik Breukink were became second and third positions respectively.

In addition to the general classification, Roche also won the combination classification. In the other race classifications, Johan van der Velde of Gis Gelati–Jollyscarpe won the points classification and  Robert Millar of  took the mountains classification green jersey. Selca–Conti's Roberto Conti completed the Giro as the best neo-professional in the general classification. It finished fifteenth overall. Panasonic–Isostar finished as the winners of the team classification. It ranks each of the twenty teams contesting the race by lowest growing time.

## References 
### Citations 
### Bibliography  
*
*
Democracy Index

The ***Democracy Index*** is an index compiled by The Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU). This is the research division of the Economist Group, a UK-based private company which publishes the weekly newspaper *The Economist*. 

The index is a bit like the Human Development Index but more concerned with politics and freedoms. The index shows the state of democracy in 167 countries and territories, of which 166 are sovereign states and 164 are UN member states.

The index is based on 60 indicators grouped in five different categories, measuring democracy and civil liberties. In addition to a numeric score and a ranking, the index categorizes each country into one of four regime types: full democracies, flawed democracies, hybrid regimes, and authoritarian regimes. The first Democracy Index report was published in 2006. Reports were published every two years until 2010, and then annually.
Harden My Heart

"**Harden My Heart**" is a 1981 song by American hard rock band Quarterflash and taken from their debut self-titled album. It went to number 3 in the United States, number 5 in Switzerland, number 6 in Australia, number 12 in New Zealand and number 15 in Austria.
## References
Italo Calvino

**Italo Calvino** (15 October 1923 – 19 September 1985) was an Italian writer and journalist born in Cuba. His best known works include the Our Ancestors trilogy (1952–1959), the *Cosmicomics* collection of short stories (1965), and the novels *Invisible Cities* (1972) and ''If on a Winter's Night a Traveler'' (1979).
Omid Musawi

**Omid Musawi** (born 1 January 2001) is a Dutch-Afghan footballer who plays as an attacker for the Australian club Para Hills Knights SC and the Afghanistan national football team.

## Biography
Born in Afghanistan, Omid fled at the age of five for the violance with his family from Afghanistan to the Netherlands. As of 2022 he lived for 16 years in the Netherlands and also among others his mother in Dordrecht and his grandfather in Apeldoorn. Still having the Afghan roots, he was proud receiving a letter of the national coach in January 2022. He was later invited to join a training camp in Turkey. He played in unofficial matches against Kuwait and Jordan. He became known by Afghan people after an interview on national television. He made his official debut for the national team in June 2022.

## References
Don Balón Award

From 1976 until 2010, the Spanish sports magazine *Don Balón* conferred the **Don Balón Award** (*Premio Don Balón*) to the best Spanish player, the best foreign player, the best referee and the breakthrough player in La Liga. These awards ended after the closure of the magazine in 2011.

## Winners
 is the foreign all-time record winner of the award with four wins.]]
 was the last foreign winner, having won the award three times in total.]]

### By foreign player (multiple)                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
### By Spanish player (multiple) 
### By manager (multiple) 
## Team of the Decade (2000s) 
(*Published December 2010*)

## Player of the Decade (2000s) 
(*Published December 2010*)

## References
## Other websites
* Official web site 
*Spanish football awards by Don Balón
Keep On Loving You (song)

"**Keep On Loving You**" is a 1980 song by American soft rock band REO Speedwagon and is the leading song from their ninth studio album *Hi Infidelity*. It went to number 1 in the United States, number 2 in Canada and number 3 in Australia and South Africa. It also went to number 7 in the United Kingdom.

## References
Mauro Santambrogio

**Mauro Santambrogio** (born 7 October 1984 in Erba) is an former Italian professional road racing cyclist. He last rode for UCI Continental team .

## Career 
Before 2009, Santambrogio rode for . After the 2009 season he changed to . In 2010, he was mentioned in the Mantova doping investigation. Later, he was sidelined for a few days by his team. He was again sidelined in 2011 when new evidence showed up.

He made an excellent start to the season. He finished in 6th position overall in Tour de San Luis, 7th overall in Tirreno–Adriatico and winning the GP Industria &amp;amp; Artigianato di Larciano in pouring rain. He was clear of the group with Patrik Sinkewitz, when crashed at a right turn with  to go. Later, Santambrogio belted out his way to victory. Santambrogio then finished 2nd overall in Giro del Trentino. At the Giro d'Italia, Santambrogio won Stage 14 after attacking with race leader Vincenzo Nibali. However, Santambrogio's form collapsed and he eventually finished 9th overall.

On 22 October 2014, Santambrogio tested positive for testosterone. He was suspended for three years. Santambrogio said he would not seek to return once his suspension has been served.

## Career achievements 
### Major results 
 
;2004
: 2nd Tour du lac Leman
: 5th Stausee-Rundfahrt Klingnau
: 8th GP della Costa Etruschi

;2005
: 1st Giro del Lago Maggiore (GP Knorr)
: 3rd  Road race, Mediterranean Games
: 3rd Giro del Mendrisiotto
: 5th Memorial Cimurri
: 7th Coppa Sabatini
: 7th Coppa Placci

;2009
: 1st Overall Tre Valli Varesine
: 2nd Coppa Ugo Agostoni
: 8th Overall Tour Down Under

;2010
: 2nd Coppa Agostoni
: 5th GP Ouest–France
: 8th Giro di Lombardia

;2011
: 2nd Giro della Toscana

;2012
: 4th Giro di Lombardia
: 6th Clásica de San Sebastián
: 6th Gran Piemonte

;2013
: 1st GP Industria & Artigianato di Larciano
: 2nd Overall Giro del Trentino
: 3rd Trofeo Laigueglia
: 5th Gran Premio Città di Camaiore
: 6th Overall Tour de San Luis
: 7th Overall Tirreno–Adriatico

### Grand Tour general classification results timeline 
## References 
## Other websites 
* Mauro Santambrogio at Cycling Archives
* Page on CyclingBase.com
Federal cities of Russia

In Russia, a **city of federal importance** (), also known as a **federal city**, is a city that has its own federal subject. Russia has three federal cities: Moscow, Saint Petersburg, and Sevastopol. Both Moscow and Saint Petersburg are major Russian cities, both having the status of capital either presently (Moscow) or in history (Saint Petersburg). Sevastopol is a federal city in the disputed Republic of Crimea, which is internationally recognized as part of Ukraine.

## Notes 

## References