open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Anti-communism

**Anti-communism** is the belief or movement that opposes communism, a political and economic system where the government controls most of the economy and resources which led to a classless society. People who are anti-communist disagree with these ideas because they believe communism leads to loss of personal freedoms, government control, and economic failure. This idea became prominent during the Cold War when countries like the United States and the Soviet Union were in intense geopolitical conflict over their different political systems.

## Origins 
However, anti-communists oppose these ideas for several reasons. One major criticism is that communism tends to direct power in the hands of the state, leading to authoritarian governments that limit personal freedoms and suppress political opposition. Under communist regimes, political opposition is often not allowed and individual rights like free speech and private property can be heavily restricted.

Another criticism of communism is its economic system. Anti-communists argue that when the government controls all production, it restrains innovation and regulation. Without competition and market influence, businesses may become less productive, leading to shortages of goods, poor quality, and slower economic growth. Historically, communist economies have struggled with these issues, as seen in the Soviet Union and other countries that adopted communist policies.

### Cold War-era 
Anti-communism became a particularly strong political force during the Cold War, a period of intense rivalry between the United States, which was capitalist and democratic and the Soviet Union, which was communist and authoritarian. The U.S. and its allies were deeply suspicious of the spread of communism, believing it posed a threat to democracy and personal freedoms. This led to the formation of various anti-communist movements, both in the U.S. and internationally, as well as policies like containment and the idea of preventing the spread of communism around the world.

In many countries, anti-communism has influenced political and social movements. In the U.S., for example, anti-communism became especially prominent in the 1950s, during the "Red Scare" when people feared that communists might be secretly invade the government, military, or other influential institutions. This period saw the rise of McCarthyism, named after Senator Joseph McCarthy, who led a campaign to root out alleged communist sympathizers, often with little to no evidence which caused widespread paranoia.

In summary, anti-communism is the rejection of communist ideology, which includes both its economic and political principles. People who oppose communism believe it leads to government overreach, suppression of individual freedoms, economic inefficiency, and authoritarian rule. The opposition to communism has been a key factor in global politics, especially during the 20th century, as it influenced conflicts, government policies, and societal attitudes worldwide.

## References
Kid Cudi discography

This is the discography of American musician Kid Cudi.

## Albums
### Studio albums
### Collaborative albums
### Compilation albums
### Box sets
## EPs
## Mixtapes
## Singles
### As lead artist
### As featured artist
### Promotional singles
## Other charted and certified songs
## Guest appearances
## Production discography
## Related pages
* List of songs recorded by Kid Cudi
* Kid Cudi videography
* Kids See Ghosts discography
* WZRD discography
* List of awards and nominations received by Kid Cudi

## Notes
## References
## Other websites
* 
* 
* 
*
Baojun 630

The **Baojun 630** is a small family car made by SAIC-GM-Wuling under Baojun from 2011 to 2019.

## History and Features 
The Baojun 630 was developed at the SAIC-GM Pan Asia Technical Automotive Center and was shown at the Auto Shanghai in 2011 and was put on sale in August. The car is the first car from Baojun brand. It said that it uses the Buick Excelle/Daewoo Lacetti plataform even though the cars are visually different.

A Hatchback version called 610 was launched in 2014. The 630 has a 1.5 liter and 1.8 liter petrol engines with a 5-speed manual transmission and a 6-speed automatic transmission. It was improved in 2015.

## Markets 
The Baojun 630 was sold mainly in China but in 2014 it was launched in Egypt and Algeria as the Chevrolet Optra and the Optra was sold in these two countries until 2023.

## Discontinuation 
The production of The 630 ended in 2019 in China. It was replaced by the Baojun RC-5 while in 2023 in Egypt it was replaced by the Chevrolet Aveo (which is a Chinese-platform car also made by SAIC-GM-Wuling and sold mainly in Mexico and Some South American countries). The Aveo in Egypt also uses the Optra name.

## References
2025 Philadelphia Learjet crash

On January 31, 2025, shortly after 6:00&nbsp;p.m. EST (23:00 UTC), a Learjet 55 operated by Jet Rescue Air Ambulance performing a medevac flight from Northeast Philadelphia Airport to Tijuana International Airport with a stop at Springfield–Branson National Airport crashed in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States.

## Background 
A Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) statement reported that a Learjet 55 operated by Jet Rescue Air Ambulance had recently departed from the Northeast Philadelphia Airport prior to the crash, en route to Springfield–Branson National Airport northwest of Springfield in Greene County, Missouri. The aircraft departed at 6:06&nbsp;p.m.

Local weather data recorded by the National Weather Service indicated the presence of light rain, overcast and foggy conditions, and a  wind gust recorded just prior to 6&nbsp;p.m. in Philadelphia.

## Investigation 
The FAA has announced that it would investigate the crash, with the lead of the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB). The NTSB stated that an investigator had arrived on January 31 and more officials would arrive on February 1.

Former NTSB investigator Alan Diehl said possible causes of the crash include the maintenance of the Learjet or the experience of the crew.

## References 
## Other websites 
* 
* Playback of flight XA-UCI – Flightradar24
Northeast Philadelphia Airport

**Northeast Philadelphia Airport**  is a public airport just north of the intersection of Grant Avenue and Ashton Road in Northeast Philadelphia.
## References
Tono to Inu

is a manga series written by Rie Nishida. It originally started as a short-term online comic on the Flex Comix Comic Polaris website in March 2021. Later, it continued to be serialized since October 2021 and has been collected in four tankōbon volumes. An anime television series was adapted and produced by OLM and Live2D Creative Studio in October 2024.

## Characters
;
:
## Media
### Manga
*Tono to Inu* was written by Rie Nishida, it initially began serialization as a short term series on Flex Comix's Comic Polaris manga website on March 18, 2021. Later, It started being serialized regularly on October 14 of that year. By October 2024, its chapters have been collected into four tankōbon volumes.

### Anime
An anime adaptation was announced on January 25, 2024. Later, it was revealed to be a TV series. The series was produced by OLM and Live2D Creative Studio, directed by Haruki Kasugamori, and the music was composed by Shun Miyazaki. On 10 October 2024, It started airing on "Wan Wan" version of Tokyo MX.

## References 
## Other websites
*  
*  
*
Joost de Raad

**Josephus "Joost" de Raad** (14 December 1933 – 25 January 2025) was a Dutch politician. He was a member of the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy (VVD). He served as acting mayor of Echteld (1981-1988) and afterwards mayor of Abcoude (1989-1995).

## Biography
De Raad was born in Oegstgeest on 14 December 1933, as the son of architect Leendert Johannes de Raad (1899–1971) and mother Alida Cornelia Haringhuizen. His father-in-law  was mayor of Hensbroek from 1919 to 1957.

De Raad attend the Stedelijk Gymnasium Leiden and afterwards studied Dutch Law at Leiden University. De Raad worked for the province of Geldlerland and became head of the Economic Affairs department. He became the acting mayor of Echteld after  retired in 1980. He was the acting mayor until  became the mayor in 1988.

## References
Franz Golobic

**Franz Golobic** (born 7 April   1922 in Vienna; † 20 July  2010) was an Austrian football player. He played as midfielder mainly for SK Rapid Wien. He also played three matches for the Austrian national football team.
## Career 
Golobic started his senior career with FC Wien. After the end of the Second World War he played till 1946 for this club. In 1946 he went to SK Rapid Wien. During his time with the club, he played 249 league games in which he scored nine goals.
## International 
1953 Golobic played three international matches for the national team. He made his debut as a national player on 11 October  1953  in the Vienna Prater Stadium in the 2-3 defeat in a friendly against the Hungarian national team. He played his last two international matches in World Cup qualifying group 5 against the Portuguese national team.
## International statistics
## Honours 
*Austrian championː1948, 1951, 1952, 1954, 1956, 1957
## References
Tijuana International Airport

**Tijuana International Airport** (); officially *Aeropuerto Internacional General Abelardo L. Rodríguez*  (**General Abelardo L. Rodríguez  International Airport**) , is an international airport located  northeast of downtown Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico. 

It serves Tijuana and the surrounding **San Diego–Tijuana** metropolitan area, home to a population of five million people.

## Airlines and destinations
### Passenger

**Notes:**
Viva flight to Hermosillo makes a stopover in San José del Cabo but it will be non-stop from May 2025.
Viva flight to Mérida makes a stopover in Monterrey.
Viva flight to Querétaro makes a stopover in San José del Cabo but it will be non-stop from May 2025.
Viva flight to Tulum makes a stopover in Mexico City–AIFA.

### Cargo
### Destinations map
## References
Großbettlingen

**Großbettlingen** is a municipality in Esslingen in Baden-Württemberg in southern Germany.

## References
Notzingen

**Notzingen** is a municipality in Esslingen in Baden-Württemberg in Germany. Notzingen is east of the district of Esslingen.

## References
Bodelshausen

**Bodelshausen** is a municipality in Tübingen in Baden-Württemberg in Germany.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Official website
Learjet 55

The **Learjet 55** "Longhorn" is an American-French business jet manufactured by Learjet.
## Specifications
## Accidents and Incidents
* On 31 January 2025, a Mexican-registered Learjet 55 operating as a air ambulance by a Scottsdale, Arizona-based Jet Rescue Air Ambulance with six people on board crashed near Roosevelt Mall in Philadelphia.
## References
Réjean Lemelin

**Réjean M.** "**Reggie**" **Lemelin** (born November 19, 1954) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey goaltender. He played parts of 15 seasons in the National Hockey League (NHL). He played for the Atlanta Flames, Calgary Flames, and Boston Bruins.

## Career
Before playing in the NHL, Lemelin played 2 seasons with the Sherbrooke Castors of the Quebec Major Junior Hockey League (QMJHL). He also played 2 seasons with the Philadelphia Firebirds of the North American Hockey League (NAHL) and American Hockey League (AHL). In 1976, Lemelin won the Lockhart Cup with the Firebirds when they defeated the Beauce Jaros 4 games to 2.

Lemelin was drafted twice. He was drafted 125th overall by the Philadelphia Flyers in the 1974 NHL amateur draft and 209th overall by the Chicago Cougars in the 1974 WHA amateur draft. He did not play for the Cougars. On December 2, 1978, Lemelin made his NHL debut with the Atlanta Flames. He stopped 17 shots in a 5-3 loss against the Minnesota North Stars. The Flames moved from Atlanta, Georgia to Calgary, Alberta to become the Calgary Flames in the 1978–79 season. Lemelin stayed with the team during the move and earned a starting role with the team in 1983.

Lemelin represented Canada at the 1984 Labatt Canada Cup. In the games he played for Canada, he went 1-1. They won 6-5 against Sweden and lost 6-3 against the Soviet Union.

On January 8, 1981, Lemelin recorded his first NHL career shutout as the Flames defeated the Washington Capitals 6-0.

In 1987, Lemelin left the Flames and joined the Boston Bruins. He was successful with the Bruins. Lemelin helped the Bruins during the 1988 Stanley Cup playoffs. They defeated the Buffalo Sabres, Montreal Canadiens, and New Jersey Devils on their way to the Stanley Cup Finals. In 1989, Lemelin along with his Bruins teammate Andy Moog won the William M. Jennings Trophy for fewest goals scored against in the regular-season.

On January 12, 1993, Lemelin decided to retire from playing professional ice hockey.

After retiring, Lemelin became the goaltending coach for the Philadelphia Flyers. He served as coach until he was replaced on June 25, 2009.

## References
## Other websites 
*
Senior Advisor to the President of the United States

**Senior Advisor to the President** is a title used by high-ranking political advisors to the president of the United States.

## Responsibilities
Over time, a senior advisor has had responsibility for the following groups:

**White House departments (previously headed by a senior advisor in past administrations)**
* White House Office of Strategic Initiatives
* Office of American Innovation
* White House Office of Political Affairs

* Oval Office Operations
* White House Office on Clean Energy Innovation and Implementation 
* White House Office of Intergovernmental Affairs
* White House Office of Public Engagement
* White House Office of Communications
* White House Office of Press Operations
* American Rescue Plan / COVID-19 Relief
* White House Office of the Staff Secretary
* White House Office of Infrastructure Implementation Coordination
Carey Harrison

**Carey Harrison** (19 February 1944 – 22 January 2025) was an English novelist and dramatist. He also wrote television screenplays such as *The Jensen Code* (1973) and *Freud* (1984). His father was actor Rex Harrison.

## Death
Harrison died at his home in St. Leonards-on-Sea, East Sussex on 23 January 2025, aged 80.

## Novels
**Freud* (1984)
*''Richard's Feet* (1990)
**Cley* (1991)
**Egon* (1993)
**How To Push Through* (2002)
**Dog's Mercury* (2005)
**Who Was That Lady?* (2005)
**Justice* (2005)
**Personal Assistant* (2006)
**Clear To Kill* (2006)
**As An Unperfect Actor on the Stage'' (2006)

## References
## Other websites
*
Dick Button

]]
**Richard Totten Button** (July 18, 1929 – January 30, 2025) was an American figure skater, actor, dancer and skating analyst who worked for CBS. He won two Olympic gold medals in 1948 and in 1952. He won five world champions between 1948 to 1952. He won an Emmy Award in 1981 for his television commentary with CBS. 

Button was born in Englewood, New Jersey. Button decided to enter Harvard Law School in 1952. He retired from amateur skating that year to focus on law school. 

Button died on January 30, 2025 in North Salem, New York at the age of 95.

## References
## Other websites
* 
* 
* 
*
European Figure Skating Championships

The **European Figure Skating Championships** are an annual figure skating competition in which figure skaters compete for the title of European champion. Medals are awarded in men's singles, women's singles, pair skating, and ice dance. The event is done by the International Skating Union (ISU) and is the sport's oldest competition. The first European Championships were held in 1891 in Hamburg, Germany.

## References
World Figure Skating Championships

The **World Figure Skating Championships** are an annual figure skating competition done by the International Skating Union. Medals are awarded in men's singles, women's singles, pair skating, and ice dance. It is usually held in March. The World Championships are thought to be the most important of the ISU Figure Skating Championships. 

In 2024, the World Figure Skating Championships were held in Montreal, Canada. It will be held in Boston, Massachusetts in 2025.

## References
Plochingen

**Plochingen** is a town in Esslingen in Baden-Württemberg in Germany. It is on the river Neckar. About 14,000 people live there. Plochingen is part of the Stuttgart Metropolitan Region. The *Hundertwasserhaus* is in Plochingen. Together with the communities of Altbach, Deizisau and Plochingen belongs to the *Gemeindeverwaltungsverband Plochingen*.

## Twin towns 
Plochingen is twinned with:
*  Landskrona, Sweden
*  Oroszlány, Hungary
*  Zwettl, Austria

## References 
## Other websites 
* Official website
Penny (Hungary)

**Penny Hungary** (Hungarian: *Penny Magyarország*) is a hungarian discount supermarket chain owned by the REWE Group from Germany, with around 3,000 stores across Europe. In Hungary, Penny operates 227 stores. The first store is opened on June 6, 1996, in Szentes. The headquarters is in Alsónémedi.

According to the Coface CEE Top 500 ranking, Penny Hungary was the 40th and 38th largest company by revenue in Hungary in 2021 and 2022, respectively. In Central and Eastern Europe, it ranked 289th in 2021 and 326th in 2022.

## History 
Penny was the fourth discount chain to enter Hungary after Profi, Plus, and Jééé. These earlier chains were known as soft-discounters, focusing on simplifying product displays and employing fewer staff. Over time, these chains have left Hungary.

## Loyalty program 
Penny was the first discount chain in Hungary to start a loyalty program, called the PENNY Card, introduced in 2009. With this card, you can win instant prizes and get weekly discounts on various products. Penny was also the first among the currently operating discount chains in Hungary to sell newspapers, and it's the only one where you can buy medicines.

## Product range 
Penny Market is the oldest hard-discount store chain in Hungary. This means they only offer one or two types of their own-brand products in many categories to keep costs low. They have about 2,000 products in their regular lineup, with 800 of these made by Hungarian companies. They also add seasonal products (like aprons, hair dye, fans) and sometimes introduce seasonal items that become permanent. They have a relatively broader selection in some areas like cleaning products, but a limited own-brand range in others, such as certain food groups.

## References
Qualifier

In linguistics, a *qualifier* is a word, phrase, or grammatical construction that alters or limits the meaning of another word, usually an adjective or noun. A qualifier serves to make a statement more specific by narrowing the scope of its subject. For example, in the phrase "very tall," the word "very" is a qualifier that intensifies the adjective "tall."

**Examples of qualifiers:**

* "A *somewhat* difficult task"
* "A *quite* interesting book"
* "He is *extremely* talented"
Unterensingen

**Unterensingen** is a municipality in Esslingen in Baden-Württemberg in southern Germany.

## Geography 
Unterensingen is on the left bank of the river Neckar. It is 10&nbsp;km southeast of Esslingen am Neckar.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Official website
Wendlingen

**Wendlingen** is a town in Esslingen in Baden-Württemberg in southern Germany. It is at the confluence of the Neckar and Lauter rivers. It is 27&nbsp;km southeast of Stuttgart. The town has three districts: Wendlingen, Unterboihingen and Bodelshofen.

## Twin towns 
Wendlingen is twinned with:
*  Dorog, Hungary
*  Millstatt, Austria
*  Saint-Leu-la-Forêt, France

## References 
## Other websites 
* Official website
Guerrilla Cambridge

**Guerrilla Cambridge** (formerly **SCE Europe** and **SCEE Cambridge Studio**) was a British video game developer. It was founded in 1997 as **Sony Computer Entertainment Europe** but was renamed in 2013 as a sister studio to Guerrilla Games.

## History 
The studio was founded in July 1997 as Sony Computer Entertainment's main European division. In 2003, they rebranded to SCEE Cambridge Studio, later shortened to Cambridge Studio in 2010.

Later in 2013, SCE rearranged the company as a sister studio to Guerrilla Games.
Learjet

**Learjet** was an American-Canadian-French manufacturer of business jets for civilian and military use based in Wichita, Kansas, United States.

## Brand timeline
*Lear Jet: 1962–1969
* Gates Learjet: 1969–1988
* LearJet: 1988–1990
* Bombardier Learjet: 1990–2021
## References
Imran Riaz Khan

Imran Riaz Khan**,** born 14 August 1975, is a former Pakistani anchor, journalist and YouTuber.

## Career 
Riaz began working for a local newspaper as a criminal reporter.

Riaz has also worked with the television networks Samaa TV and GNN as a current affairs host. He later joined the Express News channel as a news anchor. 
## Early life and Education 
Riaz attended the Lahore Grammar School for his early education before attending Punjab University to study mass communication.
## References
Wernau

**Wernau** is a town in Esslingen in Baden-Württemberg in Germany. It is on the right bank of the river Neckar and about 25&nbsp;km east of Stuttgart.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Official website
Wolfschlugen

**Wolfschlugen** is a municipality in Esslingen in the Filder Plain in Baden-Württemberg in southern Germany.

## References
Reál (Hungary)

The **Reál** is a 100 percent Hungarian-owned retail company that began operations in Hungary on January 1, 2001. In addition to its own stores, it also includes other private enterprises that have joined. It carries out retail and wholesale activities in the entire territory of Hungary, including food and chemical products.

## References
## Other websites 
* Real.hu
* Instagram page of Reál
* Facebook page of Reál
Samsung Galaxy Note 3

**Samsung Galaxy Note 3** is a Android smartphone developed and made by Samsung electronics. It was announced at IFA 2013 on September 4, 2013. It was released on September 25, 2013. It has a features including 5.7 inch Super AMOLED display, 3200mAh battery capacity, 3GB RAM, and improved camera. It comes with three colors such as jet black, classic white and blush pink.

## History 
On December 2, 2013, Samsung Galaxy Note 3 have a two new colors such as rose gold and red.

## Related pages 
*Samsung Galaxy Note
*Samsung Galaxy S4

## References 
## Other websites 
*
Allobates juami

***Allobates juami*** is a frog.  It lives in Brazil.

## Body
The adult male frog is about 17.0 – 18.2 mm long from nose to rear end and the adult female frog is about 17.5 - 18.5 mm long. Unlike other nurse frogs, the adult male *A. juami* does not have dark marks on his belly.  The skin of the frog's back is mostly dark brown in color. The nose is light brown in color with a lighter mark.  The belly is yellow in color with a bright white stripe on the side. The adult female frog has a yellow throat and the male frog can have a clear or pink one (with no marks). There is a light mark near the rear end. There are white or black scutes on the toes. The iris of hte eye is dark in color with some gold around the pupil.

## Home
This frog lives in forests where the trees grow close together and the branches come together like a roof. The frogs live on the dead leaves on the ground where the ground has white sand in it. Scientists saw this frog 87 meters above sea level.

Scientists have seen this frog in exactly one place, a protected park called Estação Ecológica Juami-Japurá.

## Young
The male frog sits on a dead branch on the ground and calls to the female frogs. Scientists think the female frog lays eggs on land and, after the eggs hatch, the adult frogs carry the frogs to water.

## Danger
Scientists say this frog is in danger of dying out.

## First paper
*

## References
Avret Pazarları

**Avret Pazarları**  or **female slave bazaar**, was a market of female slaves located in Istanbul, Ottoman Empire (modern-day Turkey). It was in use fromthe mid-15th century to the early 20th century. Many households owned female slaves. They mostly used them as domestic servants. The Ottoman state regulated the slave market and imposed taxes on every slave transaction.

The women that were sold there came from many diffeent regions, in Africa, Asia and Europe. They were traded in Istanbul markets. In contrast to male slaves, women were often subject to sexual exploitation. Their sexuality was considered the personal property of their owners. Female slaves were frequently valued based on physical attributes like beauty and entertaining skills, especially when chosen by elite men as slaves or concubines.

Slaves were sold to both commoners and the elite, including members of the Imperial Palace. Turkish media often overlooks non-elite or commoner women in slavery, instead focusing more on relatively privileged slaves in the Ottoman Imperial Harem. However, descriptions of Ottoman times do mention slaves owned by commoners in contemporary slave narratives, travelers' accounts, folk songs, late Ottoman Turkish novels, and 20th-century poems.&#x5B;''''&#x5D;

The Avret Pazarları slave market was officially closed during the Disestablishment of the Istanbul Slave Market in 1846-1847, though in practice the slave trade in Instanbul continued clandestinely until the early 20th-century.

## References
## Notes
Baojun 510

The **Baojun 510** is a subcompact Crossover SUV made by SAIC-GM-Wuling under Baojun since 2017.

## History and Features 
The Baojun 510 made its debut at the Guangzhou Auto Show in 2016 while it was launched in 2017 the 510 is positioned under the Baojun 530/560. it has a 1.5 liter petrol engine with a 6-speed manual transmission and a 5-speed automatic CVT transmission it was improved in 2019. the SUV became in 2018 the best selling Crossover in China and later the best selling car from Baojun. it also became the best selling new car nameplate in the world.

## Markets 
The Baojun 510 is sold mainly in the Chinese market but in 2020 SAIC-GM-Wuling started exporting to Latin America (later Mexico and Middle East in 2021) the facelifted 510 under the Chevrolet brand as the Chevrolet Groove.   

## Discontinuation 
In 2019 the Baojun RS-3 was launched even though it acts as a replacement it is sold alongside the 510 as a more premium option.

## Sales 
## References
Cavetown

**Robin Daniel Skinner** (born 15 December 1998 in Oxford), also called **Cavetown**, is an English singer and songwriter. His music has indie pop, bedroom pop, and indie rock parts.

As of March 2024, he had 6.6 million listeners on Spotify. His YouTube channel had 2.23 million subscribers as of June 2024. Skinner released his fifth studio album, *Worm Food*, in November 2022.

## Early life 
Skinner was born in Oxford, England, on 15 December 1998. His interest in music was caused by his father, David Skinner, a musicologist and choir leader, who taught him how to play the acoustic guitar at the age of eight. His mother is a Baroque flute player and music teacher. He was  in Cambridge and attended Parkside Community College from 2010 to 2015 and Hills Road Sixth Form College until 2017.

## References 
## Notes
Barney's World

***Barney’s World*** is an animated television series produced by Mattel Television and Corus Entertainment’s Nelvana, is a relaunch of the Barney franchise, which gave rise to its first TV show, Barney & Friends, which was based on its predecessor, Barney & the Backyard Gang. In contrast to the two live-action series that came before it, this one is presented in computer-generated imagery. Two to six-year-olds are the target audience for this series. It aired on Cartoon Network.

## Plot 
Set in a local playground, the show is centered around dinos Barney, Billy, and Baby Bop, and their three kid best friends. Throughout silly and imaginative adventures together, Barney helps kids explore big preschool emotions and shows them how to love themselves and others. The series highlights themes of love, community, and encouragement.

## Characters 
* Barney (voiced by Jonathan Langdon) a purple t-rex who can do magic.
* Baby Bop (voiced by Bryn McAuley) a green triceratops who is smart, funny, and can glow.
* Billy (voiced by Jonathan Tan) a yellow protoceratops.

* David (voiced by Jayd Deroché) is an African-American boy.
* Mel (voiced by Diana Tsoy) is a competitive Korean-Mexican-American girl.
* Vivie (voiced by Ella Paciocco) is a cheerful, creative, and artistic Caucasian blonde girl.
* Liam (voiced by Liam Quiring-Nkindi) is David's older brother.
* Lulu (voiced by TBA) is David's baby sister.
* Ms. Lewis (voiced by Lisa Michelle Cornelius) is David's mom.
* Grady (voiced by Eddie Glen)
* Nonna (voiced by Norma Dell'Agnese) is Vivie's grandmother.
* Luis (voiced by Alejandro Ampudia) is Mel's dad.
* Grace (voiced by Jean Yoon) is Mel's mom.

## Episodes
## References 
## Notes
## Other websites 
*
Naval architecture

**Naval architecture**, or **naval engineering**, is a type of engineering that includes parts of mechanical, electrical, electronic, software, and safety engineering. It is used for designing, building, taking care of, and running ships and water structures. Ship building and design includes basic and deep study, making new designs, improving designs, checking designs, and doing math for all steps in a ship’s life. The main steps are early design, full design, building, testing, using, taking care of, launching, and lifting ships out of water. Math is also needed when changing ships by fixing, rebuilding, updating, or repairing them. Ship building and design also includes making safety rules, damage control rules, and checking if ship designs follow required rules.
## References
Yotsuba&!

is a manga series written and illustrated by Kiyohiko Azuma. It has been published in the monthly magazine Dengeki Daioh of ASCII Media Works since January of 2003. It has been collected into 15 tankōbon volumes. It depicts the daily adventures of a young girl named Yotsuba as she learns about the world around her, guided by her adoptive father, neighbors, and friends. Various characters in Yotsuba&! were previously featured in Azuma's one-shot manga "*Try! Try! Try!*". Volume six was originally scheduled to be released in February 2008, but was indefinitely delayed.

## Plot
*Yotsuba&!* focuses on Yotsuba Koiwai, a five-year-old girl who is energetic, cheerful, curious, odd, and quirky, so much so that even her own father calls her unusual. She is ignorant about many things that a child her age should already know, such as doorbells, escalators, air conditioners, and even playground swings. Her naïveté is the basis for the humorous stories where she learns about and often misunderstands everyday things.

## Development
In 1998, Azuma released a one-shot manga and two webcomics titled "*Try! Try! Try!*" in which Yotsuba's father, Yousuke Koiwai, Ena, Fūka, and Asagi were they first appeared.

In English, Yotsuba&! was originally licensed by ADV Manga, The North American license was later acquired by Yen Press, which reprinted the first five volumes along with the sixth in September 2009. Fourteen volumes have been released since then.

The series is licensed in the following countries as well:

### Anime
An anime spin-off based on cat versions of Azuma's character Danbo titled *Nyanbo!* was announced and began airing on September 26, 2016 as part of a “mini anime” program. This project did not adapt any of the *Yotsuba&!* manga. It was broadcast in Japan on NHK-E and simulcasted overseas on Crunchyroll.

Despite the manga's popularity and the success of Azumanga Daioh, no announcements have been made regarding an anime adaptation for Yotsuba&!. In an entry on his website from May 15, 2005, Azuma stated that there were currently no plans to animate the manga. He reiterated this on December 5, 2008, stating that the stories and style of *Yotsuba&!* are not well-suited for animation.

## Reception
Yotsuba&! is illustrated in a full-page format, unlike the vertical four-panel strips in Azuma's earlier series, Azumanga Daioh. This gave him more artistic scope.  Azuma's work on Yotsuba&! is known for its clean art, detailed backgrounds, and expressive facial expressions. He is highly praised for his joyous tone, slice-of-life storytelling, and eccentric yet realistic characters, especially Yotsuba herself.

## References 
## Other websites
; Official websites
* ASCII Media Works website 
* Yotsuba Studio, Kiyohiko Azuma's studio website 
* 
* Yen Press website

;Other
* 
* *Yotsuba&!* Exhibit in Tokyo Station
Zane McIntyre

**Zane McIntyre** (né **Gothberg**; born August 20, 1992) is an American professional ice hockey goaltender. He currently plays for the Straubing Tigers of the Deutsche Eishockey Liga (DEL). He has also played for the Boston Bruins of the National Hockey League (NHL) and the Dinamo Riga of the Kontinental Hockey League (KHL).

## Career
Before playing in the NHL, McIntyre played parts of 2 seasons with the Fargo Force of the United States Hockey League (USHL) and 3 years with the Bemidji State Beavers. 

He was drafted 165th overall by the Boston Bruins in the 2010 NHL entry draft. On June 23, 2015, McIntyre signed a two-year entry-level contract with the Bruins. He was sent down and played most of his time with their AHL-affiliate Providence Bruins. He was called up after Tuukka Rask suffered a groin injury.

On October 25, 2016, McIntyre made his NHL debut in a 5-0 loss against the Minnesota Wild. On July 14, 2017, McIntyre signed a two-year; $650,000 contract extension to remain with the Bruins. During his time with the Bruins, he played 8 games and went 0-4.

On July 1, 2019, McIntyre signed a one-year, two-way contract with the Vancouver Canucks. He never played a game with them and spent his time with their AHL-affiliate Utica Comets. On October 14, 2019, the Canucks called McIntyre up to the NHL but he didn't play with them.

On February 24, 2020, the Canucks traded McIntyre to the New Jersey Devils in exchange for Louis Domingue. He was sent down to their AHL-affiliate Binghamton Devils. He only played 4 games with them before leaving.

On October 26, 2020, McIntyre left North America and traveled to Latvia after signing a contract to play for Dinamo Riga of the Kontinental Hockey League (KHL). He only played 6 games with them before ending his contract.

On December 27, 2020, he returned to North America after signing a professional tryout with the Arizona Coyotes. On January 18, 2021, he joined the Lehigh Valley Phantoms after being released from the Coyotes training camp. He played 19 games with them.

On January 4, 2022, McIntyre signed a one-year, two-way contract with the Minnesota Wild. He was assigned to their AHL-affiliate Iowa Wild and played 3 seasons with them.

On July 11, 2024, McIntyre traveled to Germany after signing a one-year contract with the Straubing Tigers of the Deutsche Eishockey Liga (DEL).

## References
## Other websites 
*
Dautmergen

**Dautmergen** is a municipality in Zollernalbkreis in Baden-Württemberg in Germany.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Official website
Ramesh Chandra Panda

**Ramesh Chandra Panda**, (24 November 1935 – 18 December 2003) was an Odisha politician. He was a Communist Party of India worker in Odisha politics. Ramesh served as an MLA in the Odisha Legislative Assembly three times. He was elected to the 5th, 6th and 7th Odisha Legislative Assembly from Ranpur Legislative Assembly constituency in the 1971, 1974 and 1977 Odisha Legislative Assembly elections respectively

## Birth, family and education
Ramesh Chandra Panda was born on 24 November 1935. His father's name was Madan Sundar Panda and his wife's name was Krishna Kumari Panda. He studied law.
## Political life
Ramesh was active in Odisha politics as a Communist Party of India worker. He served three terms as an MLA in the Odisha Legislative Assembly.

## Death
Ramesh Chandra Panda died on 18 December 2003. He was 68 years old at the time of his death.

## References
Chief cell

In the human body, there are three main types of chief cells which include the gastric chief cells, which are found in the stomach and help with digestion; the parathyroid chief cells, located in the parathyroid glands and help control calcium levels; and the type 1 chief cells, which are found in the carotid body and help regulate breathing.

## Cell types 
The gastric chief cell is a type of cell in the stomach that releases substances called pepsinogen and chymosin. Pepsinogen turns into the digestive enzyme pepsin when it meets hydrochloric acid made by other stomach cells. This type of cell also releases gastric lipase enzymes, which help break down fats into free fatty acids and simpler forms of glycerides. There is evidence that the gastric chief cell releases leptin when food is in the stomach. Leptin has been found in the pepsinogen granules of these cells.

## Reference
Lists of schools in the United Kingdom

The **lists of schools in the United Kingdom** are organised by country:
*Lists of schools in England
*Lists of schools in Northern Ireland
*Lists of schools in Scotland
*Lists of schools in Wales

## Related pages
*List of schools in Guernsey
*List of schools in the Isle of Man
*List of schools in Jersey
First Alcoholic ban in India

The Prohibition on Alcohol was firstly implemented in 1954 by Morarji Desai who was Chief Minister of Bombay Province. The Prohibition was imposed on the Koli people who were traditional distillers of alcohol or wine in Maharashtra mostly in Dharavi. Kolis of Bombay distilled the alcohol by Jamun, Guava, Orange, Apple and Chikoo. In 1954, Morarji Desai imposed the Prohibition on liquor but there was a strong protest by Koli community and there were rallies far and wide by Koli people. Kolis alleged the Desai that 'This is not a Daru-Bandi, This is Desh-Bandi' , due to the Desai administration's allowance on the selling the foreign alcohol in state and prohibitions on homemade liquor. before the prohibition on alcohol, Kolis of Dharavi manufactured the alcohol legally and when prohibition enacted, commercial alcohol production ceased and Kolis had a virtual monopoly in this area.

## References
Albert Buunk

**Albert "Abbas" Buunk** (20 May 1924 – 29 January 2025) was a Dutch politician. He was a member of Christian Democratic Appeal. He was acting mayor of Valburg from 1981 to 1985.

## Biography
Buunk was born in Zelhem on form "De Pol" on 20 May 1924. His parents Hendrik Jan Buunk and Johanna Geertruida Lammers were farmers. He had eleven brothers and sisters. He worked from 1942 at the municipalities of Doetinchem, Zelhem, Lochem and Olst. Early 1967 he transferred to the provincial registry (in Dutch: provinciale griffie) of Gelderland. On 1 January 1981 he became the director of the Municipal Finance Department at the province of Gelderland and in May of that year Buunk was appointed acting mayor of the municipality of Valburg. He had to deal with the merger of seven municipalities, He took early retirement in mid-1985.

Buunk died in Hummelo on 29 January 2025, at the age of 100.

## References
Andrée Dumon

**Andrée Dumon** also written as **Andrée Dumont** (5 September 1922 – 30 January 2025) was a Belgian resistance fighter during World War II.

She was a member of the Comet Line network, which helped Allied pilots who had been shot down over enemy territory to return to England via France and Spain. After being betrayed, she was arrested and deported to Ravensbrück concentration camp and finally Mauthausen concentration camp. She was liberated there in April 1945.

After many decades of silence, she decided during the 1990s to testify to young people and the general public about her war years. Dumon died in  on 30 January 2025, at the age of 102.

## References
Bart Van Doorne

**Bart Van Doorne** (13 July 1971 –  January 2025) was a Belgian journalist.

## Biography
Van Doorne began his professional career as a researcher at Jambers Television Productions. Afterwards he worked as a correspondent for *VTM Niews in New York and as editor-in-chief of *Telefacts*. He later became head of News at VTM, a position he held until September 2007.

In 2007, he moved to *De Morgen'', where he joined Klaus Van Isacker as editor-in-chief of the newspaper; despite protests from the editorial board. At the end of 2008, staff protests broke out after the announcement of movement of the editorial team to Kobbegem and layoffs.	In January 2011, he resigned with a mutual agreement.

 
On 1 August 2011, he returned to VTM, where he joined Nicholas Lataire as editor-in-chief of the news service. In January 2013, he resigned from VTM by mutual agreement. He then founded the production company De Brigade, later transformed into De Mohikanen. Van Doorne subsequently founded Koppenbrekers.

Van Doorne died unexpectedly in January 2025 at the age of 53.

## References
Koli Mavala

The **Mavala** is a title used by the Kolis of Maval region. All of the inhabitants of Maval region were Mahadeo Kolis. Maval region, also known as Bavan Mavals (52 valley), was known as Koli country and each Mavals were under the control of Koli chief or Nayaks. The Koli community made a substantial contribution to the success of the Swarajya movement of Shivaji. The 'Koli Chauthara' in Shivneri fort still stands as a monument to the Kolis' love of independence.

During the time of Maratha leader, Shivaji in 17th century, the Mavala title was exclusively used for people belonging to the peasant Kolis and Kunbi community of the region but Kunbis of Maval region were Kolis who were settled as Agriculturist and became Kunbi. Koli Mavalas were expert footmen and excelled in mountain warfare. Shivaji raised an infantry of Mavale who used guerilla tactics of hit and run to inflict heavy losses on numerically stronger enemies. The infantry was considered the backbone of his power, and according to Sabhasad Bakhar, which chronicled Shivaji's life, the Mavale and Hasham infantry of Shivaji had 100,000 men. Kolis who were known as the names of Mavala Sardars earned the Naikwadis.

## References
Ahmed Haitham

**Ahmed Haitham** (; born 17 September 1980) is a Maldivian politician and a former parliamentarian, known for his advocacy in social justice, child welfare, and anti-corruption efforts. He is a former member of the People's Majlis representing South Machangoalhi constituency. He was elected in 2019, serving until 2024. In 2023, amidst internal party discord, he resigned from the Maldivian Democratic Party (MDP) and subsequently aligned himself with the People's National Congress. Haitham was known for his active role in social justice, child welfare, and health-related issues during his tenure. He is credited with orchestrating a Maldivian ban on Israeli passports as well as unveiling high-profile corruption in COVID-19 ventilator procurement, culminating in the ousting of the health minister in 2021. On 17 December 2023, during his tenure as a parliamentarian, Ahmed Haitham was elected to the executive committee of the Global Organization of Parliamentarians Against Corruption (GOPAC), serving as the Country Treasurer.

## Personal life 
On 15 October 2020, Haitham got married to Shajaan Muaz Shaheem. Shajaan gave birth to their twins, a girl and a boy, in august of 2021, prematurely at 29 weeks due to threats and harassment during her pregnancy. Together, they have three more children.

## References
Jodi Hildebrandt

**Jodi Nan Hildebrandt** (born June 15, 1969) is an American former counselor and YouTuber who was convicted of aggravated child abuse. She co-founded ConneXions, a counseling organization, and collaborated with family vlogger Ruby Franke.

## Early Life and Education
Hildebrandt was born to Jay and Florence (née Haynie) Hildebrandt on June 15, 1969. She grew up in Tucson, Arizona, and attended Canyon Del Oro High School. Raised in a devout Latter-day Saint family, her father served as a pilot in the U.S. Air Force. In 1990, she participated in the Miss Orem pageant.

## Career
In 2005, Hildebrandt became a licensed counselor in Utah. Two years later, she founded ConneXions, a counseling and business organization based in Orem, Utah. In 2012, she served as the director of LifeStar Utah County, focusing on treating pornography and sex addiction.

In 2012, Hildebrandt's counseling license was placed on 18-month probation after she disclosed confidential client information to The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints and Brigham Young University between 2008 and 2010. Consequently, the church removed her from their Family Services' referral list.

In 2022, Hildebrandt partnered with Ruby Franke, a family YouTube vlogger, to launch the ConneXions YouTube channel and the "Moms of Truth" Instagram account, offering parenting classes.

## Legal Issues and Conviction
On August 30, 2023, Hildebrandt and Franke were arrested in Washington County, Utah, and charged with six counts of aggravated child abuse involving two of Franke's children. Following her arrest, Hildebrandt surrendered her counseling license pending the outcome of the case. YouTube subsequently banned both Hildebrandt and Franke from the platform.

On December 27, 2023, Hildebrandt pleaded guilty to four counts of aggravated child abuse. She was sentenced on February 20, 2024, to four consecutive terms of one to 15 years in prison, resulting in a total sentence ranging from four to 30 years.

## Adaptation
Hildebrandt was portrayed by Heather Locklear in the Lifetime film "Mormon Mom Gone Wrong: The Ruby Franke Story," which aired in October 2024.

## References
* "Jodi Hildebrandt and Ruby Franke sentenced to 4 consecutive terms in prison." February 20, 2024.
* "Miss Orem Hopefuls Prepare for Pageant."
* Heather May. "Porn therapist disciplined for telling church, BYU about man."
* Mattea Bubalo. "Ruby Franke and 8 passengers: The rise and fall of a parenting influencer." BBC News. September 9, 2024.
* "Jodi Hildebrandt agrees to give up counseling license amid child abuse charges." January 31, 2024.
* Tyler Picotti. "The Story of Ruby Franke's Chilling Spiral from Popular 'Momfluencer' to Convicted Felon." October 3, 2024.
Carlos Ferrero

**Carlos Ernesto Fernando Ferrero Costa** (7 February 1941 – 31 January 2025) was a Peruvian politician. He was a member of Perú Posible. He represented Lima in congress from 1995 until 2006. He was the President of the Congress from late-2000 until 2003. He was the Prime Minister of Peru from December 2003 until his resignation in August 2005. 

Ferrero died on 31 January 2025 in Lima at the age of 83.

## References
Ian Vermaak

**Ian Vermaak** (28 March 1933 – January 2025) was a South African tennis player. He finished runner-up to Nicola Pietrangeli in the singles final of the French Championships at Roland-Garros in 1959. His best result at the Wimbledon Championships was in 1960 when he reached the fourth round in the singles event which he lost in five sets to Ramanathan Krishnan. In 1960 he won the Turkish International Championships. He was born in Empangeni, South Africa.

Vermaak died in January 2025, at the age of 91.

## References
Katharine MacGregor

**Katharine MacGregor** is an American political advisor and lobbyist. She has been the United States Deputy Secretary of the Interior since 2025. She was in this role before from 2019 until 2021 during the first Donald Trump administration. 

In January 2025, President-elect Trump announced his plans to nominate MacGregor as Deputy Secretary of the Interior again for his second term. She was confirmed by the U.S. Senate and sworn-in on June 9, 2025.

## References
Renato Corsetti

**Renato Corsetti** (29 March 1941 – 1 February 2025) was an Italian Esperantist. He was President of the Universal Esperanto Association between 2001 and 2007. He was born in Rome, Italy. Corsetti supported the idea that people should be able to communicate in an international language. He taught psycholinguistics at the Sapienza University of Rome. He was also an associate professor at the International Academy of Sciences San Marino.

Corsetti died on 1 February 2025 in London, England at the age of 83.

## References
## Other websites
* His page at La Sapienza
Vitolo (footballer, born 1983)

Víctor José Añino Bermúdez (born 9 September 1983), known as Vitolo, is a Spanish former professional footballer who played as a defensive midfielder.