open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Lev Kamenev

**Lev Borisovich Kamenev** (born **Leo Rosenfeld** or **Lev Borisovich Rozenfeld**;  – 25 August 1936) was one of the leaders of the Russian Revolution in Russia. He was in office from 6 July 1923 to 16 January 1926. He was against the Tsar.

## Notes
Norwood Junction railway station

**Norwood Junction** is a rail and Overground interchange in South Norwood, England. It is in Zone 4. The station is managed by London Overground and is served by Overground (on the Windrush line, Southern and Thameslink trains.

## Crash 
The Norwood Junction railway crash happened on 1 May 1891, when a cast-iron bridge over Portland Road, 60 yards (55 m) north-east of the old station building, split under the weight of an express train from Brighton to London Bridge.

## Services 
*tph is trains per hour. T means the service is run by Thameslink, S means the service is run by Southern and O means an Overground service. A slash in between two operators means it is run by either.*

### Northbound 
* 6tph to London Bridge (T/S)
** 4tph non-stop (T/S)
** 2tph calling at all stations to New Cross Gate (S)
* 4tph to Highbury and Islington via Canada Water (O)
* 2tph to London Victoria via Crystal Palace (S)

### Southbound 
* 6tph to West Croydon (O)
* 2tph to Epsom via West Croydon (S)
* 2tph to Coulsdon Town via *East Croydon* (S)
* 2tph to Gatwick Airport via Redhill (T)

## Line diagram 
## References
Feliks Zemdegs

, Switzerland.]]
**Feliks Aleksanders Zemdegs** (, ; born 20 December 1995) is an Australian "speed cuber" which means he solves Rubik's Cubes as fast as possible. Zemdegs set a new record in solving the Rubik's Cube with a time of 4.221 seconds. The record was set on May 6, 2018 at a Rubik's Cube contest called *Cube for Cambodia*.  Zemdegs also set a record time of 4.73 seconds in 2016, but the 2016 record was broken by American Patrick Ponce.

## References
Kepler-186f

**Kepler-186f** is a exoplanet that goes around the red dwarf star Kepler 186. It is over 580 light years away in the Cygnus constellation. Kepler-186f was discovered in 2014 by the Kepler spacecraft. It is in the habitable zone of its star, so liquid water may exist on its surface. It is known for being the first Earth-sized exoplanets in the habitable zone of a star. 

## Description
### Mass, size and temperature
Kepler-186f is thought to be 10% and 17% the size of Earth (1.11 ± 0.14 the size of Earth) While its mass is not know it is thought to be up to 1.4 times Earth's. The true mass depends on what the planet is made of. If the planet has no atmosphere, then its temperature would be around 182 Kelvin (-91 Celsius). 

### Earth Similarity Index
Kepler-186f's ESI is thought to be around 0.58.

### Habitability
Kepler-186f is in the habitable zone of Kepler-186, so liquid water may be on its surface. However, just because a planet is in the habitable zone, dos not mean it is habitable. The find is still thought to be important, however, since it has a size similar to Earth's. It only receives one third of the sunlight Earth gets, hence its temperature is thought to be -91 Celsius. However, a greenhouse effect can help heat the surface up, and make it warmer.

A review from 2015 said that Kepler-186f, Kepler-442b, and Kepler-62f, are thought to be the best candidates for habitability.

## References
## Other websites
*https://exoplanetarchive.ipac.caltech.edu/cgi-bin/DisplayOverview/nph-DisplayOverview?objname=Kepler-186%20f&type=CONFIRMED_PLANET
Alan Krueger

**Alan Bennett Krueger** (September 17, 1960 – March 16, 2019) was an American economist. He worked at Princeton University and Research Associate at the National Bureau of Economic Research. 

Krueger was nominated by President Barack Obama to be Assistant Secretary of the Treasury for Economic Policy, which he served from May 2009 to October 2010. He was nominated in 2011 by Obama as Chair of the White House Council of Economic Advisers, and served in that office from November 2012 to August 2013.

Krueger killed himself in Princeton, New Jersey on March 16, 2019 at the age of 58.

## References
Errol Barrow

**Errol Walton Barrow**, PC, Queen's Counsel (21 January 1920 - 1 June 1987) was a Barbadian politician and statesman and was the nations and country’s first Prime Minister of Barbados. He served as the first Prime Minister of Barbados from 30 November 1966 - 8 September 1976 for his first term and again from 29 May 1986 - 1 June 1987 as his second term. He served twice as Head of government of Barbados. He also served as the third Premier of Barbados from 4 December 1961 - 30 November 1966 under British rule until independence on 30 November 1966 and as the nation’s and Country‘s first Prime minister after Independence that same year of 1966. He is considered to have been the principal architect of Barbadian Independence. Today he is referred by many as the  ‘’Father of the Barbadian Nation’’ and the ‘’National Hero of Barbados’’. Barrow effectively dominated Barbadian politics from 1961 until his death on 1 June 1987, serving as the nation’s and Country Head of government under various titles for most of that period as Premier of Barbados and then Prime Minister of Barbados. Born into a family of political and civic activists in the parish of Saint Lucy, Barbados. He was also known and nicknamed as “Dipper Barrow” within the country and Nation itself because of the great work that he has done and devoted to the country of Barbados itself.

## Biography 
Born on 21 January 1920 in the Parish of Saint Lucy, Barbados  , his parents names are unknown. Errol Walton Barrow was the youngest among his sibling of his Sister Nita Barrow. He had one Sister only. At the age of 7 in 1927, Barrow traveled abroad for his Primary education and Secondary education to the United Kingdom on the advice of his parents because education was weak in Barbados then in the 1920s and his family wanted him to presue his education abroad to become a successful person in the future. So when he and his family reached the United Kingdom In 1927 when Barrow was 7 years old and Nita Barrow was 11 years old.
Gliese 581 c

**Gliese 581 c** is a exoplanet that orbits the red dwarf star Gliese 581. It is located about 20 light years away in the Libra. It is about six times as massive as Earth, and circles its star about 11 million kilometers from it (the Earth is 150 million kilometers away from the sun). It takes it 13 days to circle the star once. When it was discovered in 2007, it was thought to be Earth-like and habitable. 

**Habitability**

When Gliese 581 c was discovered, it was initially thought to be in the habitable zone of its star, Gliese 581, a red dwarf located about 20.4 light years away. This zone is typically defined as the range around a star where liquid water could theoretically exist on a planet's surface. However, subsequent studies indicated that Gliese 581 c orbits too close to its star for stable habitability.

**Greenhouse Effect Concerns**

The proximity to Gliese 581 likely causes a strong greenhouse effect on Gliese 581 c. This effect is similar to Venus in our solar system, where thick atmospheric gases trap heat, leading to extreme temperatures that prevent liquid water from existing on the surface. If this scenario is true for Gliese 581 c, then it would likely be inhospitable to life as we know it.

Red Dwarf Activity: Gliese 581 is a red dwarf, a type of star known for its stellar activity, including frequent and intense solar flares. These flares emit high levels of radiation that can strip away a planet's atmosphere, making it challenging for life to survive. Red dwarfs are generally less stable than stars like our Sun, making their planets less friendly to life as we know it.

Gliese 581 c may be tidally locked to its star, meaning one side of the planet constantly faces the star while the other remains in permanent darkness. This situation is similar to how one side of the Moon always faces Earth. As a result, the length of Gliese 581 c’s day would match the length of its year. Tidal locking has several implications:

1. No Seasons The lack of axial tilt on a tidally locked planet means there are no seasons. This stability could prevent the variation in temperatures needed to support diverse ecosystems.

2. Extreme Temperature Differences One side of the planet would be perpetually hot, with direct exposure to the star’s radiation, while the opposite side would remain cold in constant darkness. However, a narrow region between the two sides, known as the terminator line, might have milder conditions. This thin band could theoretically support habitable conditions, although the atmosphere’s ability to circulate and moderate temperatures would be critical.

There might be life on Gliese 581 c. We sent a message to that planet, it will take approximately 6 years to arrive. Assuming we receive a response, it could take an additional 6 years, meaning we would get a reply in about 12 years from the time the message was sent.

## References
West Croydon station

**West Croydon** is a combined rail, tram and bus interchange in Croydon. It is in Travelcard Zone 5. It is the southern terminus of the East London line.

## Notable incidents 
In 1912, Samuel Colridge Taylor, himself a resident of Croydon, collapsed at the station due to overwork and pneumonia. He died at home a few days later.

## Services 
*tph is trains per hour.*

* 2tph (trains per hour) to London Bridge - semi-fast
* 6tph  to London Victoria:
** 4tph via Streatham Common and Balham
** 2tph via Crystal Palace and Balham
* 4tph to  via New Cross Gate and Dalston Junction
* 6tph to Sutton
* 2tph to Epsom Downs
* 2tph to Epsom

### Diagram 
## References
Transbrasil Flight 303

**Transbrasil Flight 303** was a flight from Congonhas-São Paulo Airport in São Paulo, Brazil, to Hercílio Luz International Airport in Florianópolis, Brazil, on April 12, 1980. It crashed on approach to Hercílio Luz International Airport. Only three of the 58 people on board survived.

## Aircraft 
The aircraft involved was a Boeing 727-27C, registration PT-TYS. It had first flown on August 14, 1966. It was delivered to Braniff Airways, which leased it to Transbrasil in 1975, and sold it to Transbrasil in 1976.

## Crash 
The aircraft was on a night instrument approach to Hercílio Luz International Airport in a severe thunderstorm when it went off course, struck the hill Morro da Virgínia, and exploded. Probable causes were misjudgment of speed and distance, inadequate flight supervision, failure to initiate a go-around, and improper operation of the engines.

## References
Kadungalloor

**Kadungalloor** is a census town in Aluva, in Ernakulam district of Kerala. The famous Narasimha Swamy temple marks the start of East-Kadungalloor and has many devotees visiting every day. 

There are two parts of the place, East-Kadungalloor and West-Kadungalloor. The temple is also popular for the sweet dish paal payasam that's prepared there. Kadungalloor is home to a few notable people like award-winning Malayalam novelist Gracy and writer Sethu. Muppathadam is the main commercial center and it's located in West-Kadungalloor. 

## References
Mike Gravel 2020 presidential campaign

Former Senator Mike Gravel entered the 2020 presidential primaries on March 19, 2019, with the formal formation of an exploratory committee. Late that day, Gravel posted on Twitter that he was not entering the campaign to win, and that there would be a formal announcement in the coming days. 

He also posted attacks on other Democratic Presidential candidates Kamala Harris, Joe Biden and Cory Booker, while praising fellow candidates Bernie Sanders, Tulsi Gabbard and Pete Buttigieg.

On April 2, 2019, Gravel filed to officially run for office. He dropped out of the race on July 31, 2019 after failing to qualify for the debates. He endorsed Bernie Sanders and Tulsi Gabbard for President on August 5.

## References
St Albans School

**St Albans School** is a school in St Albans, Hertfordshire. It was founded in 984. Some of the ex-students include Stephen Hawking and Pope Adrian IV.

The school has been called "Britain's oldest public school" by the *Daily Mail*. In 1818 the school was described as the school as "of very ancient origin, and of great celebrity".  The *Good Schools Guide* describes St Albans as a "traditional public school, with a rich history".

## References
Sebastian

**Sebastian** [ si-**bas**-ch*uh*n ] is a name. It comes from the Greek name Sebastianos (Σεβαστιανός) or changed into English "from Sebastia". It is given to people a lot because of a saint called Sebastian. This name was ranked #19 on the US Popular Names in 2021.

## PEOPLE 
* Sebastian Vettel, German racing driver
* Sebastian Coe, British athlete and politician (born 1956)
* Sebastian Giovinco, Italian footballer

## References
Kenneth To

**Kenneth King-him To** (7 July 1992 – 18 March 2019) was a Hong Kong Australian swimmer. He performed the swimming strokes individual medley, freestyle, butterfly and breaststroke. Throughout most of his career he swam for Australia. During this time, he won six medals at the 2010 Summer Youth Olympics in Singapore. He also won a gold and silver medal at the 2014 Commonwealth Games in Glasgow. He later began to represent to Hong Kong in 2016–17.

To was born in British Hong Kong. He moved with his family to Australia at the age of two. He grew up in Sydney, New South Wales.

To died due to sudden cardiac arrest on 18 March 2019 in Gainesville, Florida, United States. He was 26.

## References
Naseem Hamed

**Naseem Hamed**  (; born 12 February 1974), also known as "**Prince**" **Naseem** or "**Naz**", is a British former professional boxer. He competed from 1992 to 2002. He boxed as a featherweight. He was the featherweight WBO (1995–2000), IBF (1997), WBC (1999–2000) and IBO (2002–2003) world champion. He also held the European bantamweight title from 1994 to 1995. BoxRec.com ranks him as the best British featherweight boxer of all time. He was known for his one-punch knockout power as well as his quirky behaviour, such as somersaulting into the ring before each fight. He won 36 of his 37 pro fights, losing once. Of his 36 wins, 31 are by knockout.

Hamed was born in Sheffield, South Yorkshire. His parents are from Yemen. He is a Muslim.

## References
## Other websites
*
Born Again (The Notorious B.I.G. album)

***Born Again*** is the first posthumous album by The Notorious B.I.G., by Bad Boy Records and Arista Records. It was on released on December 7, 1999. It was going to be his third studio album, releasing sometime in 1998, but he died in early 1997. It debuted #1 on The Billboard 200 during it's first week. Then certified Double-platinum on January 14, 2000. 

## Setlist 
1. "Born Again" (intro) - 1:28
2. "Notorious B.I.G." (ft. Lil' Kim and Puff Daddy) - 3:11
3. "Dead Wrong" (ft. Eminem) - 4:57
4. "Hope You Niggas Sleep" (ft. Cash Money Millionares) - 4:10
5. "Dangerous MC's" (ft. Mark Curry, Snoop Dogg and Busta Rhymes) - 5:15
6. "Biggies" (performed by Junior M.A.F.I.A.) - 5:22
7. "Niggas" - 3:48
8. "Big Booty Hoes" (ft. Too $hort) - 3:27
9. "Would You Die For Me" (ft. Lil' Kim and Puff Daddy) - 3:36
10. "Come On" (ft. Sadat X) - 4:37
11. "Rap Phenomenon" (ft. Method Man & Redman) - 4:02
12. "Let Me Get Down" (ft. G-Dep, Craig Mack and Missy Elliott) - 4:33
13. "Tonight" (ft. Mobb Deep and Joe Hooker) - 6:08
14. "If I Should Die Before I Wake" (ft. Black Rob, Ice Cube and Beanie Sigel) - 4:51
15. "Who Shot Ya?" - 3:48
16. "Can I Get Witcha" (ft. Lil' Cease) - 3:36
17. "I Really Want To Show You (ft. Nas and K-Ci & JoJo) - 5:09
18. "Ms. Wallace" (Outro) - 3:18
Thessaly

]]
**Thessaly** is a traditional geographic and modern administrative region of Greece. It is most of the ancient region of Thessaly. It is in the central part of Greece.

Thessaly was known as Aeolia, and appears so in Homer's Odyssey. Thessaly became part of the modern Greek state in 1881, after four and a half centuries of Ottoman rule. Since 1987 it has been one of the country's 13 regions. It is sub-divided into five regional units and 25 municipalities. The capital of the region is Laris.
Pringles

**Pringles** is an American brand of stackable potato chips. It was first made by Procter & Gamble in 1967. The brand was sold to Kellogg's in 2012. As of 2011, Pringles are sold in more than 140 countries.

Pringles are known for their packaging, which is made up of a cardboard tube with a plastic lid on top. It is also known for the logo, which has a drawing of a man with a large mustache. The shape of the chips themselves are a special shape called a hyperbolic paraboloid, so if you look at it from the side it can look like it curves up, but looking at it from another side makes it curve down.

## References
Donald Kalpokas

'''Donald Masike'Vanua Kalpokas''' (23 August 1943 – 20 March 2019) was a ni-Vanuatu politician and diplomat. He served as Prime Minister of Vanuatu twice (September 1991 – December 1991; March 1998 – November 1999). He was a member of the democratic socialist party Vanua'aku Pati. Kalpokas was born on the island of Efate.

Kalpokas died on 20 March 2019, at the age of 75.

## Biography 
Donald Kalpokas was born on August 23, 1943, on Lelepa Island, New Hebrides. After graduating from Onesua School on Efate Island and King George VI School in Honiara, he entered the Teachers College in Auckland. From 1971 to 1974 he studied at the University of the South Pacific in Suva. From 1968 to 1976, he taught on behalf of the British National Service, and from 1975 to 1976 he taught at a British high school. Kalpokas later became the founder and first president of the Teachers' Association and the New Hebrides Cultural Association. However, in just a few months, the coalition fell apart, and Kalpokas formed a new coalition with the Union of Moderate Parties. Among his government's main achievements were the privatization of airports and the introduction of a 12.5% VAT.

## References
Stephen E. Ambrose

**Stephen Edward Ambrose** (January 10, 1936 – October 13, 2002) was an American historian and author. He wrote the biographies of Presidents Dwight D. Eisenhower and Richard Nixon. He wrote many war books, including bestsellers, such as *Band of Brothers*, *Undaunted Courage* and *Citizen Soldiers*. *Band of Brothers* was famously made into a 2001 HBO miniseries of the same name. The miniseries was created by Tom Hanks and Steven Spielberg. He was also a longtime professor of history at the University of New Orleans until his retirement in 1995.

In 2002, it was reported that Ambrose had copied others' work and added them to his own writings. Ambrose denied those claims of plagiarism.

Ambrose was born in Lovington, Illinois. He grew up in Whitewater, Wisconsin. He married Judith Dorlester in 1957, and had two children with her. After Dorlester's death in 1965, he married Moira Buckley in 1967. He adopted her three children.

Ambrose died of lung cancer on October 13, 2002 in Bay St. Louis, Mississippi. He was 66.

## References
## Other websites
*
Louis Gossett Jr.

**Louis Cameron Gossett Jr.** (May 27, 1936 &ndash; March 29, 2024) was an American actor and producer. He was best known for his Academy Award winning role as Emil Foley in the 1982 romantic drama movie *An Officer and a Gentleman*. He was also known for his role as Fiddler in the 1977 television series *Roots*. He also won an Emmy Award and two Golden Globe Awards.

## Career
In 1959, Gossett was in the Broadway play *A Raisin In The Sun*. He was also in the 1961 movie of the same name.

## Life and death
Gossett was born on May 27, 1936 in Brooklyn, New York.

In December 2020, Gossett was hospitalized and diagnosed with COVID-19 in Georgia.

Gossett died in Santa Monica, California, on March 29, 2024, at the age of 87. The cause of death was chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; with heart failure and atrial fibrillation also listed.

## References
Kassym-Jomart Tokayev

**Kassym-Jomart Kemelevich Tokayev** (born 17 May 1953) is a Kazakh politician and diplomat. He became the President of Kazakhstan on 20 March 2019, after Nursultan Nazarbayev resigned on 19 March 2019. 

He was Chairman of the Senate of Kazakhstan from 16 October 2013 to 19 March 2019 and from 11 January 2007 to 15 April 2011. 

Tokayev was Prime Minister of Kazakhstan from 1 October 1999 to 28 January 2002 and as Director-General of the United Nations Office at Geneva from 12 March 2011 to 16 October 2013.

## Notes
## References
Prime Minister of Kazakhstan

The **Prime Minister of Kazakhstan** is the head of government of Kazakhstan and the second most powerful person in the country after the President of Kazakhstan. The Prime Minister heads the cabinet and advises the President in the every day plans of the functions of the Parliament of Kazakhstan.

## List of prime ministers (since 1991)
## References
## Other websites
* Official Site of the Prime Minister of Kazakhstan
* PrimeMinister.kz on Youtube
President of Kazakhstan

The **President of the Republic of Kazakhstan** is the head of state, commander-in-chief and holder of the highest office within the Republic of Kazakhstan. The presidency was created on 24 April 1990, a year before the dissolution of the Soviet Union. The first and, until March 2019, the only President of Kazakhstan was Nursultan Nazarbayev.

None of the presidential elections held in Kazakhstan have been considered free or fair by Western countries or international observers with issues noted including ballot tampering, multiple voting, harassment of opposition candidates and press censorship.

## List of officeholders 
**Political parties**

; Status

;; Symbols

 Constitutional referendum

**Note**

Until 16 December 1991 the head of state was called **President of the Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic**.

## References
Tim Peake

**Timothy Nigel Peake**  (born 7 April 1972) is a British astronaut and former Army Air Corps officer. He is the first British astronaut for the European Space Agency (ESA). He is a former crew member of the International Space Station (ISS). He is also the second astronaut to bear the flag of the United Kingdom. He is the seventh British-born astronaut in space. He served in the British Army from 1992 to 2009. He was made a Major in 2004.

Peake was born in Chichester, West Sussex. He is a degree holder of the University of Portsmouth. He is married to Rebecca. The couple have two sons.

## References
## Other websites
* Tim Peake  at the European Space Agency website
Rest energy

**Rest energy** (E0) is the energy equivalent of a resting (i.e., immobile) particle. Based on relativity theory, an equivalence relation exists between mass and energy. The energy is equal to the product of mass and the square of the speed of light: E = mc2&nbsp;. For example, the rest energy of a proton is . The rest energy of a 1 g mass is about .
Maria (given name)

**Maria** [ m*uh*-**ree**-*uh* ] is a female given name in many languages. Maria has been a favored name for hundreds of years and remains popular to this day. It boasts a fascinating past and profound significance. Originally derived from the Hebrew name Miriam, which signifies "bitterness" or "rebellion," Maria has evolved to possess a more optimistic connotation. Nowadays, it is linked with virtues like resilience, elegance, and innocence. It is the Latin form of the female name Miriam. The name was used for Atlantic tropical cyclones. In September 2017, Hurricane Maria hit Dominica, the United States Virgin Islands and Puerto Rico. This name was ranked #106 on the US Popular Names in 2021.

## Notable people with the first name 
* Maria Antonia of Spain, Spanish infanta (1729-1785)
* Maria I of Portugal, Portuguese monarch
* Maria Teresa Rafaela of Spain, Dauphine of France (1726-1746)
* Maria Bello, American actress and writer
* María de Villota, tor racing driver
* Maria Menounos, American actress, journalist and television presenter
* Maria Shriver, American journalist, author, a member of the Kennedy family. former First Lady of California and founder
* María Fernanda Ampuero, (1976), Ecuadorian writer and journalist.

## References
Dinmukhamed Kunaev

**Dinmukhamed Akhmetuly** "**Dimash**" **Kunaev** (; ;  – 22 August 1993) was a Kazakh Soviet communist politician. He served as the First Secretary of the Communist Party of Kazakhstan from 1960 to 1962, and 1964 to 1986.

## Early life 
Kuneav was born on 12 January 1912, in Verny, Semirechye Oblast. His father, Minliakhmed (Akhmed) Zhumabaievich, a literate worked in agricultural and trade of the Alma-Ata oblast, and could write in both Russian and Kazakh. His mother, Zaure Baiyrovna Kunaeva, came from a poor family. They lived together for a long time. Kunaev might be from the Ysty tribe, and he said his ancestors were from the Baidıbek of the Senior juz. According to the official bio, he's Kazakh, and his ancestors lived near the Ili and Kürtı rivers. Kunaev was born in Almaty and grew up in a regular family.

## Carrer 
After finishing the Almaty №14th secondary school in 1930, he studied at the Institute of Non-Ferrous and Fine Metallurgy in Moscow, becoming a machine operator by 1936. By 1939, he became the chief engineer of the Pribalkhashatroi mine, joining the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU). leading scientific research to develop industry, agriculture, and optimize the use of natural resources.

Kunaev's political ascent was closely linked to Leonid Brezhnev. In 1960, Kunaev was elected as the First Secretary of the Communist Party of Kazakhstan, succeeding Nikolay Belyayev.

## First Secretary 
As First Secretary, Kunaev supported the Virgin Lands campaign, which turned many hectares in central Kazakhstan into farmland and attracted many Russian immigrants. However, he lost his job in 1962, because he didn't agree with Khrushchev's idea to give some of Southern Kazakhstan's land to Uzbekistan. Ismail Yusupov, who liked Khrushchev's idea, took his place.

After being removed, Kunaev led the Council of Ministers of the Kazakh SSR until 1964. He became First Secretary again that year when Khrushchev was replaced by Brezhnev. Kunaev stayed in this powerful position for another 22 years. He was part of the Politburo, an important political group, from 1967 and became a full member in 1971, staying until 1987.

 unit's battle flag, 1986]]

Under Kunaev, many Kazakhs held high positions in government, the economy, and schools. In 1984, he appointed Nursultan Nazarbayev as Chairman of the Council of Ministers. But in 1986, Nazarbayev criticized Askar Kunayev, who was leading the Academy of Sciences and was Kunaev's brother. This made Kunaev very upset. He tried to get Nazarbayev fired, but instead, his brother lost his job, and Nazarbayev kept his.

Soon, Mikhail Gorbachev removed Kunaev, In January 1987, Kunaev was also removed from the Politburo and then from the Central Committee of the CPSU in June 1987.

Kunaev lived in his hometown until he died on 22 August 1993 due to a heart attack. He was buried in Alma-Ata a few days later.

## References
Prison Break

***Prison Break*** is an American television serial crime drama series. Created by Paul Scheuring, the series is shown on Fox. The first run of the show had four seasons, with 81 episodes from August 29, 2005 to May 15, 2009. A fifth season which aired nine episodes from April 4 to May 30, 2017. As of March 2019, a sixth season is being made, but was not shown.

The series is about two brothers, Lincoln Burrows (Dominic Purcell) and Michael Scofield (Wentworth Miller). Burrows has been sentenced to death for a crime he did not commit, and Scofield creates a detailed plan to help his brother escape prison and clear his name. Robin Tunney, Robert Knepper, Amaury Nolasco, Sarah Wayne Callies, Peter Stormare, Marshall Allman, Wade Williams, Paul Adelstein and Rockmond Dunbar also star, along with many others.

## References
## Other websites
* 
* 
*https://www.fernsehserien.tv/prison-break.shtml
Sarwar Danish

**Muhammad Sarwar Danish** (), (born 1961) is a politician from Afghanistan. He was Vice President of Afghanistan from 2014 to 2021. Before, he was Acting Minister of Justice from 2004 to 2010 and Acting Minister of Higher Education from 2010 to 2014. Danish became its first Governor of Daykundi province in 2004, when it became separate from Urozgan province.

Danish was born in 1961 in the Ishtarlay District of Daykundi province in central Afghanistan. He belongs to the Hazara group and his father's name is Muhammad Ali.

Danish completed his higher education in Iraq, Syria and Iran. He has degrees in law, journalism and Islamic studies. He received a Masters in Fiqh. From 1982 to 2001, he made various publications. Danish has written 15 books and 700 academic essays. He is fluent in Dari, Pashto and Arabic language.

## Karzai administration 
After the Taliban regime ended and the Karzai administration started, Danish was part of the 2002 loya jirga. He was a member of the Constitutional Drafting Commission through a decree by President Hamid Karzai. He was also a participant in the Constitutional Loya Jirga.

His responsibilities were:

* Second voice president of Afghanistan
* Minister of high education
* Minister of justice

## References
## Other websites 
*
Wenche Kvamme

**Wenche Kvamme** (19 June 1950 – 9 March 2019) was a Norwegian singer and actress. She was born in Bergen, Norway.

She began her stage career at Nationaltheatret in 1977. She was appointed at the Bergen theatre Den Nationale Scene in 1978. She was best known for her roles in television shows include '** (1991), **' (1996–2000), and '''' (2002–2003).

Kvamme died in Bergen on 9 March 2019 from breast cancer, aged 68.

## References
Ilona Novák

**Ilona Novák** (May 16, 1925 – March 14, 2019) was a Hungarian swimmer and Olympic champion. She competed at the 1948 Olympic Games in London, where she finished 4th in 100 m backstroke and 5th in 4 × 100 m freestyle relay.

At the 1952 Olympic Games in Helsinki she received a gold medal in 4 × 100 m freestyle relay as captain of the Hungarian team. She was added into the International Swimming Hall of Fame in Fort Lauderdale, Florida in 1973.

She was born in Budapest and died on March 14, 2019 in Budapest, aged 93.

## References
Dave Hood Jr.

**Charles David Hood Jr.** (April 24, 1954 – March 15, 2019) was a Republican politician. He was a Judge on the Seventh Judicial Circuit of Florida. He was a member of the Florida House of Representatives representing the 25th District from 2012 to 2014. Hood Jr. was born near Leesville, Louisiana.

Hood Jr. died on March 15, 2019 in Ormond Beach, Florida from brain cancer, aged 64.

## References
## Other websites
*Florida House of Representatives - Dave Hood, Jr.
*Judges of the Seventh Judicial Circuit - Judge C. David Hood Jr. 
*Judge Hood Sues to Eliminate Opponent From Ballot
Wiesław Kilian

**Wiesław Kilian** (25 July 1952 – 15 March 2019) was a Polish politician. He was elected to Sejm on 25 September 2005 getting 7,524 votes in Wrocław. He was a member of the Law and Justice. He joined Poland Comes First when that party split from Law and Justice in 2010. He was re-elected to the Sejm in 2010 and served until his death.

Kilian died on 15 March 2019 in Warsaw from cardiac arrest, aged 66.

## References
## Other websites
*Wiesław Kilian - parliamentary page  - includes declarations of interest, voting record, and transcripts of speeches.
Jason David Frank

**Jason David Frank** (September 4, 1973 – November 19, 2022) was an American actor and martial artist. He was best known for his role as Tommy Oliver in the *Power Rangers* franchise.

He committed suicide on November 19, 2022.

## Filmography
### Television
* *Mighty Morphin Power Rangers* – Tommy Oliver / Green Ranger / White Ranger (1993–1996)
* *Mighty Morphin Alien Rangers* – Tommy Oliver (1996)
* *Power Rangers Zeo* – Tommy Oliver / Red Zeo Ranger (1996)
* *Power Rangers Turbo* – Tommy Oliver / Red Turbo Ranger (1997)
* *Power Rangers Wild Force* – Tommy Oliver / Red Zeo Ranger (2002)
* *Power Rangers Dino Thunder* – Dr. Tommy Oliver / Black Dino Ranger (2004)
* *Power Rangers Megaforce* – Dr. Tommy Oliver / Green Ranger / White Ranger (2014)
* *Power Rangers Ninja Steel* – Dr. Tommy Oliver / Green Ranger / White Ranger / Red Zeo Ranger / Black Dino Ranger / Robot Tommy (2018)

### Movies
* *Mighty Morphin Power Rangers: The Movie* – Tommy Oliver / White Ranger (1995)
* *Turbo: A Power Rangers Movie* – Tommy Oliver / Red Turbo Ranger (1997)
* *Power Rangers* – Angel Grove Citizen (2017)
* *Mighty Morphin Power Rangers: Once & Always* – Tommy Oliver / Green Ranger Voice (2023)

## Other websites
*
Jorge Insunza Becker

**Jorge Insunza Becker** (21 April 1936 – 17 March 2019) was a Chilean communist politician. He was member of the Chamber of Deputies of Chile between 1969 until 1973. He went into exile. He was responsible for the propaganda of the Salvador Allende Command.

Insunza Becker died on 17 March 2019 from a stroke in Santiago de Chile, aged 82.

## References
Okwui Enwezor

**Okwui Enwezor** (23 October 1963 – 15 March 2019) was a Nigerian curator, art critic, writer, poet, and educator. He lived in New York City and Munich.

In 2014, he was ranked 24 in the *ArtReview* list of the 100 most powerful people of the art world.

His writings have appeared in many journals, catalogs, books, and magazines including: *Third Text*, *Documents*, *Texte zur Kunst*, *Grand Street*, *Parkett*, *Artforum*, *Frieze*, *Art Journal*, *Research in African Literatures*, *Index on Censorship*, Engage, *Glendora*, and *Atlantica*.

In June 2018, Enwezor was diagnosed with colorectal cancer. He died on 15 March 2019 in Munich from the disease at the age of 55.

## References
Marlen Khutsiev

**Marlen Martynovich Khutsiev** (; 4 October 1925 – 19 March 2019) was a Georgian-born Soviet and Russian movie director. He was best known for his cult movies from the 1960s, which include *I Am Twenty* and *July Rain*. He was named a People's Artist of the USSR in 1986.

## References
## Other websites
*
Randy Jackson (baseball)

**Ransom Joseph "Randy" Jackson** (February 10, 1926 – March 20, 2019) was an American Major League Baseball (MLB) player. He played for the Chicago Cubs (1950–1955), Los Angeles Dodgers (1956–1958; two seasons in Brooklyn, one in Los Angeles), Cleveland Indians (1958–1959), and ended his career back with the Cubs (1959). 

Jackson died at his home in Athens, Georgia on March 20, 2019, aged 93.

## References
## Other websites
*Randy Jackson bio @ WhenitwasaGame.net
*Info @ BaseballLibrary.com
*Stats @ Baseball-Almanac.com
Terje Nilsen

**Terje Nilsen** (26 November 1951 – 20 March 2019) was a Norwegian singer-songwriter. Nilsen's greatest hit is the song "Mjelle", written in 1974, which appeared on the album "Æ" released in 1977.

Nilsen died on 20 March 2019 in Bergen from lung cancer, aged 67.

## References
## Other websites
* Article in *Norsk pop- og rockleksikon* (Norwegian encyclopedia for pop and rock) from 2005
Andre Williams

**Zephire Andre Williams** (November 1, 1936 – March 17, 2019) was an American R&B musician. He started his career in the 1950s at Fortune Records in Detroit. His most famous songs include the hits "Jail Bait," "Greasy Chicken," "Bacon Fat" (1957) and "Cadillac Jack" (1966). He was known for his R&B hit "Shake a Tail Feather". He was born in Bessemer, Alabama.

In 2012, Williams was inducted into the Michigan Rock and Roll Legends Hall of Fame. 

Williams died from colorectal cancer in Chicago, Illinois on March 17, 2019 at the age of 82. 

## References
## Other websites
* Andre Williams on Bloodshot Records 
* Full Discography
* In The Red Records
* 3voor12.nl (show on dutch radio in 2001)
* Indiezone.de (review of Augsburg show in 2006)
Teuscher

**Teuscher** is a chocolatier located in Zurich, Switzerland. It was founded in 1932 by Dolf Teuscher, Sr. Dolf Teuscher, Jr. now runs the company. It has recently scaled down its operations.

It former flagship was located on Zürich's famed Storchengasse but now consolidated into Felix Café locations on Bellevueplatz and Bahnhofstrasse. Most of its international outlets have closed. The remaining locations are in Seoul, Abu Dhabi and United States (New York City, Chicago, Beverly Hills and San Francisco).

Its most famous product is the Champagne Truffle.

## References 
## Other websites 
*Official site
Chuck Harmon

**Charles Byron Harmon** (April 23, 1924 – March 19, 2019) was an American professional baseball utility player in Major League Baseball. He was born in Washington, Indiana. Harmon played for the Cincinnati Redlegs (1954–1956), St. Louis Cardinals (1956–1957) and Philadelphia Phillies (1957). He batted and threw right-handed.

Harmon died on March 19, 2019 in Golf Manor, Ohio at the age of 94.

## References
## Sources
* Chuck Harmon Official Site
* Baseball Library
* Center for Negro League Baseball Research
* Cincinnati Historical Society Library 
* Indiana Baseball Hall of Fame
Golf Manor, Ohio

**Golf Manor** is a village in Hamilton County, Ohio, United States. The population was 3,814 at the 2020 census. Golf Manor is located at  (39.187109, -84.446365).

## References
Noto (font)

**Noto** is a font group from Google. They are made to be used in as many different languages as possible. The font has a SIL Open Font License, which means that anyone is free to use the font. Noto fonts in total have more than 60,000 characters.

It also has emojis in this font group. These emojis are used by a lot of Google services.

## References
Noel Hush

**Noel Sydney Hush**  (15 December 1924 – 20 March 2019) was an Australian chemist. He was known for his work at the University of Sydney where he was Head of Theoretical Chemistry. His main focuses were theoretical chemistry, chemical physics and quantum chemistry. 

## Early life and education 
Hush moved to Britain in 1950, and worked at the University of Manchester and the University of Bristol. He returned to Australia in 1971, and began working at the University of Sydney. He retired in 1989.

Hush was born in Sydney, New South Wales. He died on 20 March 2019, at the age of 94.

## References
Dentures

]]
**Dentures** (also known as false teeth) are meant to solve dental problems of humans. They should not be worn overnight. Famous people who wore them for years include George Washington. The history goes back as early as 7th century BC.
## Production
Dentures can be made of different materials, such as acrylic, nylon, or metal. Depending on the teeth they replace, there are different designs.
## How they work
Properly fitted dentures help with speech and eating. They may also boost self-confidence. They can also help to prevent the face from sagging over time and may offer protection to the remaining teeth.

## Types 
There are many types of false teeth available. They include partial dentures and full dentures.

All need fitting so that they match your teeth's shape, size, and color. The fitting can be done by a specialist called a prosthodontist or by a general dentist, many of whom also fit dentures.

## References
Chris Eubank Jr.

**Christopher Livingstone Eubank Jr.** (born 18 September 1989) is a British professional boxer. He boxes as a super-middleweight and formerly as a middleweight. He has held the IBO super-middleweight title since February 2019, having also held it from 2017 to 2018. He also held the WBA interim and British middleweight titles between 2015 and 2016. He has had 30 pro fights, winning 28 (21 by knockout) and losing twice.

Eubank was born in Hove, East Sussex. He is the son of former two-weight world boxing champion Chris Eubank.

## References
## Other websites
*
Canelo Álvarez

**Santos Saúl Álvarez Barragán** (; born 18 July 1990), commonly known as **Canelo** or **Saúl Álvarez**, is a Mexican professional boxer. He has held multiple world championships in four weight classes from light middleweight to light heavyweight, including unified titles in three of those weight classes and lineal titles in two. In 2021, Álvarez became the first and only boxer in history to become the undisputed champion at super middleweight, holding this distinction until July 2024. He has also held the *Ring* magazine super middleweight title.

Álvarez is known as an excellent counterpuncher, being able to exploit openings in his opponents' guards while avoiding punches with head and body movement. He is also known as a formidable body puncher.

## References
## Other websites
*
Deo, Bihar

**Deo** is a town in the Aurangabad district of Indian state of Bihar. It is the district's third-largest town in population, and the third-largest town in area.

## Geography
Deo is located at  It has an average elevation of 89 metres (291 feet).

## Demographics
 India census, Deo had a population of 171620. Males constitute 52% of the population and females 48%. Deo has an average literacy rate of 89%, more than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 75%, and female literacy is 61%. In Deo, 29% of the population is under 6 years of age.

## Transportation
### Local Transport
City buses, auto-rickhaws, taxis, and cycle rickshaws the usual  local transport.

### Roadways
Regular bus service is from Deo to Aurangabad, Patna, TATA, Ranchi, Kolkata, Dhanbad and Goh.

## Economy
Deo has a big market for the local area. 

## Schools and colleges
*Maharana Pratap College
*Raja Jagnanth Inter College
*Brijrani Kumari Kanya Inter College
*R.J High School
*Girls High School
*Sarshwati Shishu Mandir 
*T.R Convent
*DAV Public School
*Vivekanand Mission School

## Tourism
Deo Sun Temple is a Hindu temple nearby main road and Deo Market Road. Near the Deo Fort, a fort of Deo King And Deo Fort Near Of Deo Sun Temple Main Road is a Religion place and tourist destination for the All over India.

## Health
*Deo Govt Hospital Near Old Police Station.
*Prema Devi Hospital
*Deo Hospital

## References
Chris Eubank

**Christopher Livingstone Eubank Sr.** (born 8 August 1966) is a British former professional boxer. He competed from 1985 to 1998. He held the WBO middleweight and super-middleweight titles. He is ranked by BoxRec as the third best British super-middleweight boxer of all time. He was known for his skills in being able to take powerful punches. Of his 52 fights, he won 45 (23 by knockout), lost five and drew twice.

Eubank was born in Dulwich, London. He is of Jamaican ancestry. He has been married twice. He has five children. One of his sons, Chris Eubank Jr., is also a professional boxer.

## References
## Other websites
* 
* 
*
Dominic Purcell

**Dominic Haakon Myrtved Purcell** (born 17 February 1970) is an Australian actor. He is best known for his roles as Lincoln Burrows in the Fox drama series *Prison Break* (2005–2009, 2017–present), and Mick Rory / Heat Wave in The CW's *The Flash* and *Legends of Tomorrow*. For his role as Burrows, he won an AACTA Award for Best Actor in 2007.

Purcell was born in Wallasey, Cheshire, England. His mother is of Irish ancestry and his father is Norwegian. He grew up in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. He was married to Rebecca Williamson from 1998 until their divorce in 2008. The couple have four children. He has also dated American actress AnnaLynne McCord.

## References
## Other websites
*
The Ship of the Dead

***The Ship of The Dead*** is the third novel in Rick Riordan's trilogy series *Magnus Chase and the Gods of Asgard*, based on Norse mythology.
Francis Quinn

**Francis Anthony Quinn** (September 11, 1921 – March 21, 2019) was an American Roman Catholic bishop. He became a priest in 1946. He served as the Bishop of the Diocese of Sacramento, California from 1980 to 1993. He was born in Los Angeles, California.

Quinn died on March 21, 2019, at the age of 97. At the time of his death, he was the oldest living bishop in the United States.

## References
## Other websites
* Francis Quinn at Catholic-Hierarchy.org
Night-watchman state

A **night-watchman state** is part of libertarian philosophy. Those who believe in a night-watchman state are called "minarchists" and they believe in **minarchism**. This view believes a government's only function is to protect the rights of its citizens.

## Overview 
The military,  police, and  court system are provided to protect citizens, while the free markets handle everything else. Minarchists believe that the most efficient way of providing products and services is through the use of free markets. This is the belief of free market capitalism or laissez-faire capitalism.

Citizens should be protected from aggression, theft, broken contracts and fraud. Also property laws, specifically private property laws need to be enforced.

Ayn Rand, Robert Nozick, and Austin Petersen, Ron Paul, Rand Paul, Friedrich Hayek, Ludwig Von Mises, and Frederic Bastiat are well known for adopting minarchism as a part of their beliefs.

This idea of a night-watchman state is related to libertarianism. It is especially relevant to the USA, and rarely used in other contexts. However, it has its origin in the social history of 19th century Great Britain.

## References
Equivalent weight

**Equivalent weight** in chemistry is also known as **gram equivalent**. It is the mass of a given substance which will combine with or displace a fixed quantity of another substance.

The equivalent weight of an element is the mass which combines with or displaces 1.008 gram of hydrogen or 8.0 grams of oxygen or 35.5 grams of chlorine. These values are the atomic weight divided by the usual valence. For oxygen, as an example, that is 16.0g / 2.

Equivalent weight has the dimensions and units of mass, unlike atomic weight, which is dimensionless. The equivalent weight of a compound can be got by dividing the molecular weight by the number of positive or negative electrical charges carried by its ions (which result from dissolving the compound).

## References
Colin Thiele

**Colin Milton Thiele**  (16 November 1920 – 4 September 2006) was an Australian author and educator. He had over 100 published works. He was known for his children's books. His most famous works were *Storm Boy*, *Blue Fin*, the *Sun on the Stubble* series and *February Dragon*. *Storm Boy* was made into movie twice, the first in 1976 and the second in 2019. In 1976, he was made a Companion of the Order of Australia for his work in writing and teaching.

Thiele was born in Eudunda, South Australia. At the start of his life, he only spoke German as part of the German community in the Barossa Valley. He served in the Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF) during the Second World War. He was married to Rhonda. The couple had two daughters.

Thiele died of heart failure on 4 September 2006 in Brisbane, Queensland. He was 85. There was not many news reports of his death. This was because it happened on the same day as fellow Australian, zookeeper and conservationist, Steve Irwin.

## References
Capoid

**Capoid race** was a word for the Khoikhoi and San peoples. American anthropologist Carleton S. Coon invented the word in 1962. The words means "looking like a person from the Cape of Good Hope". Coon divided human beings into five races. He called these races *Capoid*, *Congoid*, *Mongoloid*, *Australoid*, and *Caucasoid*. Today, scientists agree that there is only one human race. Modern genetic research has shown that the idea of five races was wrong.
## References
The Way of Walking Alone

**The Way of Walking Alone**("**Dokkōdō**"), also translated as "The Path of Aloneness", "The Going My Way" or "The Way to Go Forth Alone", is a short book by the swordsman and philosopher Miyamoto Musashi in 1645.

## References 
## Related pages 
* The Book of Five Rings, written by Miyamoto Musashi