open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Boudewijn Zenden

**Boudewijn Zenden** (; born 15 August 1976) also known by his nickname **Bolo**, is a Dutch former footballer who played as a left winger or as an attacking midfielder.

## Career statistics
### Club
### International
:''Scores and results list the Netherlands' goal tally first, score column indicates score after each Zenden goal''.

## Honours
**PSV**
*Eredivisie: 1996–97
*KNVB Cup: 1995–96
*Johan Cruyff Shield: 1996, 1997

**Barcelona**
*La Liga: 1998–99

**Chelsea**
*FA Cup runner-up: 2001–02

**Middlesbrough**
*Football League Cup: 2003–04

**Liverpool**
*FA Community Shield: 2006
*UEFA Super Cup: 2005
*UEFA Champions League runner-up: 2006–07

**Individual**
*Dutch Young Player of the Year: 1997

## References
Masahiro Ando

is a former Japanese football player. He played for the Japan national team.

## Biography
Ando was born in Sakado on April 2, 1972. After graduating from Kokushikan University, he joined J1 League club Shimizu S-Pulse in 1995. He became a regular player as right midfielder from 1996. The club won the champions at 1996 J.League Cup. However his opportunity to play decreased behind Daisuke Ichikawa in 1999. In October 1999, he moved to across town to the S-Pulse rivals, Júbilo Iwata. At Júbilo in 1999 season, Júbilo won the champions beat S-Pulse championship playoff. In June 2000, he moved to Yokohama F. Marinos. In 2001, he moved to J2 League club Omiya Ardija and he played as regular player. In 2002, he moved to Gamba Osaka. However he could hardly play in the match. In September 2002, he moved to newly was promoted to J1 League club, Vegalta Sendai and he played many matches as right side back. In 2003, he moved to Ardija again. Although he played as regular player, he moved to Kyoto Purple Sanga competing for stay J1 in October. However he could hardly play in the match and the club was relegated to J2. In 2004, he returned to Ardija. He played as regular player and the club was promoted to J1 from 2005. However his opportunity to play decreased in 2005 and retired end of 2005 season.

In June 1999, Ando was selected for the Japan national team for the 1999 Copa América. At this competition, on July 2, he played against Paraguay.

## Career statistics
### Club
### International
## References
## Other websites
*
Yuichiro Nagai

is a former Japanese football player. He played for the Japan national team.

## Biography
Nagai was born in Shinjuku, Tokyo on February 14, 1979. He joined J1 League club Urawa Reds in 1997. He was loaned out to German 2. Bundesliga side Karlsruher SC from 1998 to 1999. He played 21 league games and scored 4 goals for reserve team. In 2003, Nagai took over the number "9" jersey from iconic Masahiro Fukuda after the latter retired from the game. In 2006, Urawa won the champions in J1 League which is first J1 champions in the club history. In 2007, Urawa won first Asian title AFC Champions League. Urawa also won the 3rd place at 2007 Club World Cup. In 2009, he moved to Shimizu S-Pulse and played for the club in 3 seasons. After that, he played for Yokohama FC (2012–13), Arterivo Wakayama (2014) and Thespakusatsu Gunma (2015–17).

Nagai was a member of the Japan U-20 national team for the 1997 World Youth Championship. He played all 5 matches and scored 1 goal. He also represented U-20 Japan at the 1999 World Youth Championship. He played all 7 matches and scored a goal in the semifinal against Uruguay. Japan won the 2nd place. On April 16, 2003, he debuted for the Japan national team against South Korea and scored a goal in this match. He was also selected Japan for 2003 Confederations Cup. He played 4 games and scored 1 goals for Japan in 2003.

## Statistics
|-
|1997||rowspan="12"|Urawa Reds||rowspan="3"|J1 League||30||3||2||0||6||0||colspan="2"|-||38||3
|-
|1998||3||0||0||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||3||0
|-
|1999||12||3||2||0||2||1||colspan="2"|-||16||4
|-
|2000||J2 League||29||12||1||0||2||1||colspan="2"|-||32||13
|-
|2001||rowspan="8"|J1 League||25||6||4||1||6||1||colspan="2"|-||35||8
|-
|2002||19||4||1||1||4||0||colspan="2"|-||24||5
|-
|2003||23||8||1||0||8||1||colspan="2"|-||32||9
|-
|2004||27||6||4||2||8||1||colspan="2"|-||39||9
|-
|2005||30||6||2||0||7||0||colspan="2"|-||39||6
|-
|2006||23||4||4||3||6||2||colspan="2"|-||34||9
|-
|2007||31||6||1||0||2||1||11||3||45||10
|-
|2008||26||5||1||0||4||0||3||0||34||5
|-
|2009||rowspan="3"|Shimizu S-Pulse||rowspan="3"|J1 League||8||0||3||2||3||0||colspan="2"|-||14||2
|-
|2010||14||1||4||0||8||2||colspan="2"|-||26||3
|-
|2011||17||0||1||1||2||0||colspan="2"|-||20||1
|-
|2012||rowspan="2"|Yokohama FC||rowspan="2"|J2 League||7||2||0||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||7||2
|-
|2013||14||1||0||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||14||1
|-
|2014||Arterivo Wakayama||Regional Leagues||11||3||1||1||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||14||4
|-
|2015||rowspan="3"|Thespakusatsu Gunma||rowspan="3"|J2 League||31||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||32||0
|-
|2016||10||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||11||0
|-
|2017||2||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||2||0
392||70||34||11||68||10||14||3||510||94
392||70||34||11||68||10||14||3||510||94
|}

|-
|2003||4||1
|-
!Total||4||1
|}

## References
## Other websites
*
Oleg Salenko

**Oleg Salenko** (born 25 October 1969) is a former Ukrainian-Russian football player. He has played for Ukraine national team and Russia national team.

## Club career statistics 
|-
|1986||rowspan="3"|Zenit Leningrad||rowspan="3"|Top League||11||3
|-
|1987||10||0
|-
|1988||26||7
|-
|1989||rowspan="3"|Dynamo Kyiv||rowspan="3"|Top League||26||3
|-
|1990||21||4
|-
|1991||28||14

|-
|1992||Dynamo Kyiv||Premier League||16||7

|-
|1992–93||rowspan="2"|Logroñés||rowspan="2"|La Liga||16||7
|-
|1993–94||31||16
|-
|1994–95||Valencia||La Liga||25||7

|-
|1995–96||Rangers||Premier Division||16||7

|-
|1995–96||rowspan="3"|İstanbulspor||rowspan="3"|First League||15||11
|-
|1996–97||1||0
|-
|1997–98||2||0

|-
|1999–2000||Córdoba||Segunda División||3||0

|-
|2000–01||Pogoń Szczecin||Ekstraklasa||1||0
122||31
16||7
75||30
16||7
18||11
1||0
248||86
|}

## International career statistics 
|-
|1992||1||0
|-
!Total||1||0
|}

|-
|1993||1||0
|-
|1994||7||7
|-
!Total||8||7
|}

## References
Beverly Hills, California

**Beverly Hills** is a city in the west of Los Angeles County, California, United States. Beverly Hills and the neighboring city of West Hollywood are surrounded by the city of Los Angeles.

Beverly Hills is bordered on the east by the city of West Hollywood, on the north by Bel-Air and the Santa Monica Mountains, the Carthay neighborhood of Los Angeles, and the Fairfax District of Los Angeles, and on the south by the Beverlywood.

The largest and most expensive homes in Los Angeles County and in the United States are in Beverly Hills. These homes range from really large and luxurious, to more common and modern homes, and then to smaller homes with less than , which is still quite large.

In 2007, Coldwell Banker lists Beverly Hills as having the most expensive houses. The houses in Beverly Hills cost a lot. However the houses are large, spacious, and fancy and that is why a lot of celebrities live there, and also because it is close to Hollywood.

## References
Pyrrhus

]]

**Pyrrhus** or **Pyrrhos** (; 319–272 BC) was a Greek king and statesman of the Hellenistic period. His life was lived in the rather confused times following the death of Alexander the Great. Alexander's successors, known as the Diadochi, were continually at war with each other over bits and pieces of Alexander's vast Empire.

Pyrrhus was king of the Greek Molossian tribe (from ca. 297 BC). Later he became King of Epirus (306302, 297–272 BC) and Macedon (288–284, 273–272 BC). 

He was one of the strongest opponents of early Rome. However, some of his battles, though successful, cost him heavy losses. From this the term *Pyrrhic victory* was coined. A Pyrrhic victory is a victory gained at too great a cost. Pyrrhus is the subject of one of Plutarch's Parallel Lives.
Service mark

A **service mark** or **servicemark**, is used in some countries as a trademark to identify a service rather than a product. 

When a service mark is federally registered, the standard registration symbol ® or "Reg U.S. Pat & TM Off" may be used (the same symbol is used to mark registered trademarks). Before it is registered, it is common practice (with some legal standing) to use the service mark symbol ℠ (a superscript SM).
Kurt Eisner

**Kurt Eisner** (14 May 1867 in Berlin – 21 February 1919 in Munich) was a Bavarian politician and journalist. As a German socialist journalist and statesman, he organized the Socialist Revolution that took over the Wittelsbach monarchy in Bavaria in November 1918.
He is used as an example of *charismatic authority* by Max Weber.

Eisner was of Jewish descent.

## References
Santa Ana, California

**Santa Ana** is a city in California. It is the county seat and has the second most people of any city in Orange County. It is the 65th most populous city in the United States. In 2020, 310,227 people lived in Santa Ana,

The Santa Ana Freeway (Interstate 5) goes through the city. It also has the same name as the Santa Ana Mountains and the Santa Ana winds that cause fires in Southern California.

Santa Ana is part of the Greater Los Angeles Area.

## References
Farrah Fawcett

**Farrah Fawcett** (February 2, 1947 – June 25, 2009) was an American actress. A multiple Golden Globe and Emmy Award nominee, Fawcett rose to international fame when she first appeared as private investigator Jill Munroe in the TV series ''Charlie's Angels* in 1976. Fawcett later appeared off-Broadway to the approval of critics and in highly rated television movies in roles often challenging (*The Burning Bed*, *Nazi Hunter: The Beate Klarsfeld Story*, *Poor Little Rich Girl: The Barbara Hutton Story*, *Margaret Bourke-White*) and sometimes unsympathetic (*Small Sacrifices''). Farrah played Marjorie in the movie named Extremities (where Marjorie got abused by the abusive man).

Fawcett was a pop culture figure whose hairstyle was emulated by millions of young women and whose poster sales broke records, making her an international sex symbol in the 1970s and 1980s. While her impact was particularly strong on the teens of the 1970s, her appeal spreads over multiple generations. 

Fawcett married Lee Majors in 1973. They couple separated in 1979 and divorced in 1982. She had a relationship with Ryan O'Neal from 1979 until 1997. She had a relationship with movie producer James Orr, who deliberately injured her, for which he was convicted of assault. In 2001, she resumed her relationship with O'Neal. Fawcett's son Redmond O'Neal was born in January 1985. She died of anal cancer aged 62 in June 2009.

## References
Columbiformes

**Columbiformes** is an order of birds that includes the very widespread and successful doves and pigeons, classified in the family Columbidae. 313 species, found worldwide, comprise the Columbiformes order.  A cosmopolitan order of land birds with four unwebbed toes, short legs, small heads, and usually little visible difference between the sexes that includes the sandgrouse and the pigeons and doves together with their extinct relatives, the dodo and solitaire.

## References
Riverside, California

**Riverside** is a city in California. It is the county seat of Riverside County. The city, which got its name from being close to the Santa Ana River, is the first place in California in which people sold a lot of citrus fruit. In 2020, about 315,000 people lived in Riverside. The city is the 59th most populous city in the United States and the 12th biggest city in California.

Because houses cost less money in Riverside than most cities in Southern California, people have been slowly moving there. This makes traffic bad as people from Riverside drive to work in Orange County and Los Angeles.

Riverside has a few schools, including La Sierra University, California Baptist College, and the University of California, Riverside. The city also has Riverside Municipal Museum, the California Museum of Photography, and the California Citrus State Historic Park. In 1873, the Parent Washington Navel Orange Tree was planted in Riverside, and it is one of two original orange trees in California. The historic Mission Inn is another popular place.

Riverside is part of the Greater Los Angeles Area.

German, Irish, English, Italian and European are the most common ancestries. Spanish and Chinese are the most common foreign languages.
## References 
## Other websites
Word search

A **word search** is a puzzle that uses words and puts them in a grid. The point of the game is to find all of the words hidden in the grid.

The puzzle consists of a grid of letters that is usually a rectangle or square shape, but different shapes are possible, some that even look like an object like a plant or animal. Besides the grid is a list of words. The letters in the word appear in order somewhere in the grid, and can be placed ,  or . A letter in the grid can be used in more than one word, and not all the letters in the grid have to appear in a word.

To solve the puzzle, a person has to find the place where each word is hidden in the grid, and when he or she finds that place, he or she circles all the letters in the word (as shown in the example), and then crosses the word off the list so that he or she knows not to look for that word again. It is easier to find the bigger words first since they have more letters.

Many word search puzzles have a theme, so all the hidden words are related. Sometimes, once all the words have been found, the letters which have not been used in any of the words (that is, the letters which have not been circled at least once) spell another word or even a short . An example of a word search with both a theme and a word made up of unused letters is Wonderword.

Like other puzzles, word searches are commonly found in newspapers and magazines, which print a different puzzle every day and show the solution in another place or in the next issue. There are also books containing  of these puzzles, and they can also be played over the Internet or using mobile apps.
Electric blue (color)

sign has an electric blue glow.]]

**Electric blue** is a color that is a bright tone of cyan.

The first recorded use of *electric blue* as a color name in English was in 1884.

## Meaning of electric blue 
* The tones of electric blue represent something or someone that is energetic like lightning.

## Tones of electric blue color comparison chart 
## Related pages
* List of colors

## References
Volksschule

A **Volksschule** was part of an 18th-century system of state-supported primary schools established in the Habsburg Austrian Empire. Attendance was supposed to be compulsory. However, a 1781 census found that only one fourth of the school-age children attended. At the time, this was one of the few examples of state-supported schooling.

The Volksschule still exist in Austria today, *Volksschule* is the Austrian equivalent to the German word *Grundschule* and the Swiss German word *Primarschule*, i.e. primary school.
Ares V

The **Ares V** was a plan to create a cargo rocket for the cancelled Constellation program.  Ares V was planned to launch the Earth Departure Stage and Altair lunar lander for a plan to return to the Moon in 2019.  The Ares V was supposed to complement the Ares I, which was being designed as a crew launch vehicle.  The Ares designs were selected for their anticipated overall safety, reliability and cost-effectiveness.  

The Ares V was planned to be able to carry about  to Low Earth orbit (LEO), and  to the Moon.  Upon completion the Ares V was planned to be the most powerful rocket ever built, lifting more into orbit than even the Saturn V.  Ares V, Ares IV, and Ares I are named after Ares, the Greek god, which is the equivalent to the Roman god Mars.

## Related pages 
* NASA

## References
ScienceWorld

**ScienceWorld**, also known as '''Eric Weisstein's World of Science'*, is a Web site that opened to the general public in January 2002. As of November 2007, *ScienceWorld'' includes more than 4,000 entries in fields of science including astronomy, chemistry, physics, as well as biographies of many scientists.  It is administered by Eric Weisstein of Wolfram Research, Inc., who is the chief encyclopedist assigned to the project.
Alexander Pope

**Alexander Pope** (21 May 1688 O.S. – 30 May 1744) is usually thought of as the greatest English poet in the eighteenth century. He is best known for his satirical writing and for his translation of Homer. He is the third most often quoted writer in *The Oxford Dictionary of Quotations*, after Shakespeare and Tennyson. Pope was a master of the heroic couplet.

## References
Rheumatic fever

**Rheumatic fever** is an inflammatory disease that happens in children and young adults as a result of becoming infected by group A streptococci bacteria. The first attack usually happens between the ages of 5 and 15. It affects the heart, skin, joints and the central nervous system (CNS). 

It is most common in the Middle East, eastern Europe, South America and the Far East and is rare in western Europe and North America. 

## Treatment 
* Includes resting in bed and antibiotics.

## Trivia 
Wolfgang Mozart, the famous composer famously died of rheumatic fever.
The Main Ingredient

**The Main Ingredient** is an American soul and R&B group best known for their 1972 hit song, "Everybody Plays the Fool".
Secondhand Serenade

**Secondhand Serenade** is an American acoustic rock solo project started by John Vesely. Vesely is the singer, guitarist and pianist. Secondhand Serenade is most famous for the song "Fall for You". This song was in the top 40 for many charts.

## Discography
### Studio albums
## References
Edward Downes

**Sir Edward Downes**, (born Birmingham, England, 17 June 1924; died Switzerland, 10 July 2009) was an English conductor.  He was famous for conducting opera, but also conducted orchestral concerts.  He worked a lot with the orchestra of the Royal Opera House as well as Opera Australia.

When he was old he was almost totally blind and deaf and his wife was dying of cancer, so they both decided that they wanted to die together.  They went to Switzerland where they were allowed to commit assisted suicide.

## Early years
Downes was born in Birmingham, England.  His father worked in a bank.  He left school when he was 14 and got a simple job in a gas store where he earned 16s 10d (16 shillings and 10 pence, which is 84p in modern British money) a week. 

He had been playing the piano and violin since he was five.  When he was 16 he got a  scholarship to the University of Birmingham where he studied English literature and music, and began playing the cor anglais. He then got a scholarship to study conducting at the  University of Aberdeen.

## Marriage
In the 1960s, he married Joan, a dancer with the Royal Ballet. She later became a choreographer and television producer. They had two children: a son, Caractacus (born December 1967), who became a musician and recording engineer, and a daughter, Boudicca, who became a video producer.

## Conducting career 
In 1952, Downes started his work in the  Royal Opera House, Covent Garden where he was assistant to Rafael Kubelík. He worked for the ROH for 17 years, becoming Associate Music Director in 1991. 

From 1970 he was Music Director of  Australian Opera.  He conducted the first performance in the new Sydney Opera House in 1973 conducting Prokofiev’s opera *War and Peace*.  He was Chief Conductor of the Netherlands Radio Orchestra and the BBC Philharmonic.

Downes was remembered in particular for conducting music by British composers.  He was also especially fond of the operas by Verdi as well as the symphonies of Shostakovich.  People often thought he looked like Shostakovich, especially when he wore his glasses.

He received the honour of CBE.

In his last years he could hardly see and so he could only conduct music that he knew from memory.

## Death
When he was 85 he had become almost totally blind and deaf. His wife was dying of cancer and was in a lot of pain. They both wanted to die together, but in Britain it is against the law to help someone to die, so they decided to go to the Dignitas clinic in Switzerland. There, surrounded by members of their family, they drank a fatal dose of barbiturates and died on 10 July 2009.

Some people who support the idea of assisted suicide are hoping that this case may lead to more discussion which could bring about a change in the law in Britain and other countries.

## References
Fábio Nunes (Brazilian footballer)

**Fábio Nunes Fernandes** (born 15 January 1980) is a Brazilian football player.

## Club career statistics
|-
|2004||Vegalta Sendai||J. League 2||10||4||0||0||10||4
10||4||0||0||10||4
10||4||0||0||10||4
|}

## References
*Vegalta Sendai
Cuba Gooding Sr.

**Cuba Mark Gooding** (April 27, 1944 &ndash; April 20, 2017) was the lead singer of the soul group The Main Ingredient and actor. 

This group is most notable for the songs "Everybody Plays the Fool" (1972) and "Just Don't Want to Be Lonely" (1974). Gooding also had a brief solo career on Motown Records during the late 1970s and early 1980s. His most successful song internationally was "Happiness Is Just Around the Bend" in 1983. In recent times this song been sampled by several R&B artists, as well as hitting the charts again as a remix by UK Hardcore Rave pranksters/genii Altern-8 in 1991.

Gooding was born in New York City. He has four children, including actors Cuba Gooding, Jr. (born 1968) and Omar Gooding (born 1976).

Gooding was found dead in his car on the afternoon of April 20, 2017 in Woodland Hills, California, aged 72. Police believe he died from a suspected drug overdose.

## References
## Other websites 
*
Dignitas (Swiss non-profit organisation)

**Dignitas** is a Swiss group that helps people with assisted suicide. This means that, if a person is very ill and wants to die, the doctors and nurses help them to end their life. Only people who have a terminal illness or very bad physical or mental illnesses are allowed to be helped. The patients must be able to understand what is happening and decide for themselves that death is what they want.

Dignitas was started in 1998 by Ludwig Minelli, a Swiss lawyer. The law in Switzerland says that someone can help in an assisted suicide so long as they do not have any self-interest (for example, so long as they are not going to inherit money from the person who dies). The doctor has to meet the person on two occasions and make sure that the person really does wish to die. There must be evidence for this, i.e. the patient has to sign a paper, and two witnesses have to sign to say they saw the patient signing. If the patient is too ill to sign, a video film can be made. The patient is asked several times whether that is what they want. If everyone is absolutely sure, then he or she is given a drug which will kill them.

Some people travel from other countries such as Britain to the Dignitas clinic in Switzerland so that they can be helped to die. For example, the rugby player Daniel James, who was 23, had a terrible injury to his spine which left him paralysed from his chest down, travelled there with his parents to die. In 2009 the British conductor Edward Downes and his wife both travelled to Dignitas where they died together.

## References 
## Other websites 
*Dignitas website (In German) (http://www.dignitas.ch/index.php?)
Assisted suicide

**Assisted suicide** is when a person helps another person to die by suicide.

Normally, people who ask for assisted suicide are very ill and in a lot of pain, so they want someone to help them to die (for example, by being given access to drugs which will kill them). 

Assisted suicide is sometimes called euthanasia. However, euthanasia is generally regarded as different to assisted suicide, because it involves causing a person to die rather than helping them to kill themselves.

## Laws 
Laws about assisted suicide vary a lot in different countries.  In many countries, it is not allowed, and the person who helps someone to die may be arrested and sent to prison.  

### Physician-assisted suicide 
Physician-assisted suicide is legal in some countries under certain circumstances. These countries include Austria, Belgium, Canada, Germany, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Portugal, Spain, and Switzerland, plus 10 states of the United States and all six states of Australia. Some people who are very ill and want to die may go to these countries, such as Switzerland, in order to end their life.

In these countries, there are generally requirements that a person has to meet before getting physician-assisted suicide legal. Usually the person has to show that they are of sound mind - that they are able to make decisions and don't want to kill themselves because of a mental illness. They also have to voluntarily and repeatedly express their wish to die. Finally, they have to take the specified, lethal medication by their own hand.  

In 2024, several other countries were thinking about making physician-assisted suicide legal. These countries include Jersey and the Isle of Man; this puts pressure on the United Kingdom to legalize physician-assisted suicide too. 

## Related pages
*Assisted dying
*Death with dignity
*Right to die
*Euthanasia
*Dignitas (euthanasia group)
*Jack Kevorkian

## References
Now (magazine)

***NOW*** is a free weekly newspaper/magazine published in Toronto, Canada. It has been online since 1993, first at  and then it was changed to  in 2000.

## Other websites
*NOW Magazine Everything Toronto.
*NXNE Music festival.
*NOW: The Musical Movie trailer
Ralph Downes

**Ralph William Downes** CBE KSG (born Derby, 16 August 1904; died London, 24 December 1993) was an English organist and organ designer.

He was assistant organist at Southwark Cathedral from 1923 until 1925. Then he continued his education at Keble College, Oxford. He was music director and organist of the new chapel at Princeton University between 1928 and 1935. During his time in America he learned a lot about organ building and listened to musicians playing baroque music.

He soon became famous for his recitals and radio broadcasts in which he played music using historical performance styles. He gave first performances of pieces by composers such as Darius Milhaud, Paul Hindemith and Arnold Schoenberg. Benjamin Britten invited him every year to perform at the Aldeburgh Festival.

In 1948, he was asked to design an organ for the new Royal Festival Hall. When the organ was first played in 1954 not everyone agreed that it was good, but soon it was realised that it was an excellent instrument for playing music from the Baroque and Classical music periods and it had a big influence on the way that other organs were built. 

Downes was Professor of Organ at the Royal College of Music from 1954 to 1975 and was the best known British organ teacher of his day. His students included Gillian Weir and Trevor Pinnock. He made many recordings and wrote a book about organ design.

He was given the honour of CBE in 1969. He died in London in 1993. There was no organ music at his funeral. Instead, he had asked for Gregorian chant to be sung.

## References
Alfred, Lord Tennyson

**Alfred Tennyson, 1st Baron Tennyson**, FRS (6 August 1809 – 6 October 1892) was Poet Laureate of the United Kingdom in the Victorian era. He remains one of the most popular poets in the English language.

Tennyson was excellent at writing short lyrics like *In the valley of Cauteretz*, *Break, break, break*, *The Charge of the Light Brigade*, *Tears, idle tears* and *Crossing the Bar*. Much of his verse like The Lotus Eaters was based on classical mythological themes. Tennyson also wrote some notable blank verse including *Idylls of the King*, *Ulysses*, and *Tithonus*. During his career, Tennyson attempted drama, but his plays were not very successful.

## Red in tooth and claw 
*In Memoriam A.H.H.* was a poem by Tennyson, written in memory of his best friend Arthur Hallam. Hallam was a fellow poet and classmate at Trinity College, Cambridge. He had been engaged to Tennyson's sister, but died from a cerebral hemorrhage before they could get married.

The poem was published after Tennyson had read a pro-evolution book by Robert Chambers. The fundamentalist idea of Biblical inerrancy was in conflict with science. Tennyson expressed the difficulties evolution raised for faith in "the truths that never can be proved".

The poem is too long to quote in full, but this shows how he was thinking of the living world:
:*Are God and Nature then at strife,*
:*That Nature lends such evil dreams?*
:*So careful of the type she seems,*
:*So careless of the single life;*

:*That I, considering everywhere*
:*Her secret meaning in her deeds,*
:*And finding that of fifty seeds*
:*She often brings but one to bear.*

The much-quoted phrase comes soon after, in section 56. It refers to humanity: 
:*Who trusted God was love indeed*
:''And love Creation's final law*
:*Tho' Nature, red in tooth and claw*
:*With ravine, shriek'd against his creed.*
The phrase *Nature, red in tooth and claw'' was taken up as a metaphor for life in general, even before Darwin's *Origin of species* was published.

## *Tis better to have loved and lost*... 
The poem has another, perhaps even better-known stanza:
:''I hold it true, whate'er befall;*
:*I feel it when I sorrow most;*
:* 'Tis better to have loved and lost*
:*Than never to have loved at all.''

## References 
        2. DGM News "The Life and Works ".
Downes (surname)

**Downes** is a surname, and may refer to:

* Andrew Downes (composer)
* Andrew Downes (scholar)
* Doris Downes, American artist
* Edward Downes (1911–2001), American musicologist, critic and quizmaster for the Metropolitan Opera
* Sir Edward Downes (1924-2009), British conductor
* Melissa Downes, Australian news presenter
* Olin Downes, American music critic
* Percy Downes, English footballer
* Ralph Downes, organist
* Stephen Downes, Canadian philosopher
Downes

**Downes** may refer to:

* Downes Sports F.C., the former name of Hinckley Downes F.C.
* Downes v. Bidwell, a US Supreme Court case
* USS *Downes* (DD-45), a US Navy destroyer during World War I
* USS *Downes* (DD-375), a US Navy destroyer during World War II
* Downes (surname), people with the surname *Downes*
Symmetry (biology)

**Symmetry** in biology is about the overall shape of the body and its parts. The body plans of most multicellular organisms have some form of symmetry, radial symmetry, bilateral symmetry or spherical symmetry. A few have no symmetry, and are **asymmetric**. 

In nature and biology, symmetry is approximate. For example, plant leaves, which are more or less symmetrical, will rarely match up exactly when folded in half.

## Types of symmetry 
There are three basic forms:

***Radial symmetry**: The organism looks like a pie. This pie can be cut up into roughly identical pieces.
***Bilateral symmetry**: There is an axis; on both sides of the axis the organism looks roughly the same.
***Spherical symmetry**: If the organism is cut through its center, the resulting parts look the same.

In nature and biology, symmetry is approximate. For example, plant leaves, while considered symmetric, will rarely match up exactly when folded in half.
## Gallery 

File:Commonbuckeye.JPG|The patterns on the wings of butterflies are an example of bilateral symmetry
File:Squidu.jpg|This cephalopod from plankton has bilateral symmetry
File:SeesternGB.jpg|A starfish has radial symmetry, sometimes known as "rotational symmetry"
File:Slime mold grows on anything 001.JPG|Slime mold is asymmetric
File:Mikrofoto.de-volvox-4.jpg|*Volvox* is a microscopic green freshwater alga with spherical symmetry. Young colonies are inside the larger ones

## Other websites
*Evolutionary theories of asymmetrization of organisms, brain and body S. Geodakyan.
William Morris

**William Morris** (24 March 1834 – 3 October 1896) was an English wallpaper, furniture and fabric designer, artist, writer, and socialist. He was born in Walthamstow in somewhere in England.
## William's Life
William Morris studied at Marlborough and Exeter College, Oxford. His poetry was strongly influenced by Geoffrey Chaucer's work. This influence can be seen in the use of rhyme royal.

William Morris designed his own furniture. He was frustrated, because he could not find any furniture he liked, so he decided, he wanted to design his own furniture, but it was mostly wallpaper designs.

Morris was an important person in the emergence of socialism in Great Britain. He founded the Socialist League in 1884. However, he broke with the movement over goals and methods by the end of that decade. He devoted much of the rest of his life to the Kelmscott Press, which he founded in 1891. The 1896 Kelmscott edition of the *Works of Geoffrey Chaucer* is considered a masterpiece of book design.

## Notes 
## Other websites
* William Morris, *The Earthly Paradise*. 
* Works by William Morris at Project Gutenberg.
Terminal illness

**Terminal illness** is a term used to describe an illness which cannot be cured and will almost definitely end in the death of the patient. The term is mostly used for progressive diseases such as cancer or advanced heart disease.  Someone who has a terminal illness may be described as a **terminal patient** or as being **terminally ill**. Usually a patient is called "terminally ill" when they are not expected to live more than 6 months.  Medical conditions such as AIDS are not called terminal illnesses because the patient may live for many years before eventually dying of the illness.

Very often, terminally ill patients are given palliative care to give them a better quality of life. Sometimes, they go to a hospice to be looked after.

## Related pages
* Assisted suicide
* Right to die
Josef Krips

**Josef Krips** (born Vienna, 8 April 1902; died Geneva, 13 October 1974) was an Austrian conductor and violinist.

Krips was born into a Jewish family. He became a pupil of Eusebius Mandyczewski and Felix Weingartner. From 1921 to 1924, he was Weingartner's assistant at the Vienna Volksoper where he worked as repetiteur and chorus master. Afterwards he became conductor of several orchestras, including the orchestra in Karlsruhe from 1926 to 1933. In 1933 he returned to Vienna as conductor of the Volksoper. He also became a professor at the Vienna Academy of Fine Arts in 1935. He often conducted at the Salzburg Festival between 1935 and 1938.

In 1938, when the Nazi's took power in Austria, (the Anschluss), Krips had to leave the country because he was Jewish and Roman Catholic. He worked in Belgrade until Yugoslavia also became involved in World War II. For the rest of the war he worked in a food factory.

In 1945 he went back to Austria, where he was one of the few conductors who were allowed to work, because he had not worked under the Nazi regime. He was the first person after the war to conduct the Vienna Philharmonic and the Salzburg Festival where he conducted Mozart's opera *Don Giovanni*.

From 1950 to 1954 Krips was principal conductor of the London Symphony Orchestra. Afterwards he conducted the Buffalo Philharmonic Orchestra and the San Francisco Symphony (from 1963 to 1970). He gave his first performance at Covent Garden in 1963 and appeared at the Metropolitan Opera in 1966. From then on he often conducted there. In 1970, he became conductor of the Deutsche Oper in Berlin. Between 1970 and 1973, he was the principal conductor of the Vienna Symphony Orchestra.

Krips died in Geneva, Switzerland in 1974.

His brother Henry was also a musician. He emigrated to Australia where he conducted the orchestra in Adelaide. Then he returned to London where he often conducted Viennese light music.

## References
*The Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, ed. Stanley Sadie, 1980;
Répétiteur

A **Répétiteur** is a musician who helps opera singers to learn their parts for an opera.

The word *Répétiteur* is a French word which comes from the verb "répéter" meaning: "to repeat". The meaning here is "to rehearse", because when a musician rehearses (practises) he will go over the music many times until he has learned it really well. The German word is **Korrepetitor**.

A répétiteur will be a very skilled musician. He will be an excellent pianist who can play music on the piano which is normally played by an orchestra. He will often be able to help the singer to get to know the music by singing another part that is going on at the same time. He will be able to help the singer with technical problems with their voice, and also with pronunciation and musical interpretation.

Some répétiteurs may go on to become famous conductors, e.g. Josef Krips,  Howard Goodall, and Georg Solti.
 
In ballet, a répétiteur teaches the steps and interpretation of the roles to some or all of the company performing a dance.
Cliveden

**Cliveden** is the name of a large house in Buckinghamshire near London, England. There have been three houses on this site. The first house was built in 1666 and burnt to the ground in a fire in 1795. A new house was built but this one also burnt down in a fire in 1849. The house which can be seen today was made in 1851 by Sir Charles Barry, an architect.

Cliveden means "valley among cliffs".

Cliveden House sits in a large garden and woodland, (375 acres). The garden contains many statues and fountains made from stone as well as areas of flowers. Cliveden is very close to the River Thames.

Many famous and important people have lived at Cliveden. Some of these are:
*The second Duke of Buckingham
*Frederick, Prince of Wales
*Nancy Astor, the first woman to be a Member of Parliament in the UK in 1919.

The house is now used as a hotel.

## References
Crathorne, James, *Cliveden: the place and the people*. London, 1995.
Creed (band)

**Creed** is an American Christian rock band from Florida. The members of this band were vocalist Scott Stapp, guitar player Mark Tremonti, drum player Scott Phillips, and bass guitar player Brian Marshall.

## History
### *My Own Prison* (1997-1998)
Creed released an album in 1997, called *My Own Prison*. It sold over 1 million copies.

### *Human Clay* (1999-2000)
In 1999, they released the album *Human Clay*. Popular songs from that album were *Higher* and *With Arms Wide Open*.

### *Weathered*,  controversial concert and hiatus (2001-2003)
They released another album in 2001, called *Weathered*. The song *My Sacrifice* from the album was the most successful. The December 29, 2002 concert at the Allstate Arena in Rosemont, Illinois is the reason the band went on a hiatus then broke up the first time back in 2004.

### first break-up, Alter Bridge, reunion, *Full Circle* and second break-up (2004-2012)
In 2004, they split up. Tremonti, Phillips and Marshall helped start a new band called Alter Bridge. Creed got back together in 2009. The released a new album called *Full Circle*. They split up again in 2012.

### Second reunion (2023–present)
On July 19, 2023, the band announced that they had reunited and would be headlining the Summer of '99 cruise in April 2024.

## Awards and nominations
;Grammy Awards
The Grammy Awards are awarded annually by the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences of the United States. Creed has won one award out of three nominations. 

;American Music Awards
The American Music Awards is an annual music awards ceremony in the United States. Creed has received four American Music Award from six nominations.

;MTV Video Music Awards
The MTV Video Music Awards are presented annually by MTV. They honor accomplishments in the music video medium. Creed has received two nominations.

## Discography
;Studio albums
* *My Own Prison* (1997)
* *Human Clay* (1999)
* *Weathered* (2001)
* *Full Circle* (2009)

## Notes
## References
.gb

**.gb** is a reserved country code top-level domain for the United Kingdom, derived from **G**reat **B**ritain.

The domain .uk was reserved shortly after the creation of .gb, making .gb unpopular and never widely used. At a unknown date, they made it so you could no longer able to register a .gb domain.

.gb was used for some time, mainly by the British government and email services.
Hamilton Harty

Sir **Hamilton Harty** (born Hillsborough, Co. Down, Ireland, 4 December 1879; died Brighton, 19 February 1941) was an Irish composer, conductor and accompanist.  He is particularly remembered for his work in Manchester with the orchestra called The Hallé.

## Life and work
Harty was born in Northern Ireland, the fourth of ten children.  His father was a church organist.  He learned to play the viola, piano, and organ.  When he was twelve he was organist at Magheracoll Church, County Antrim.  He also had organist jobs at Belfast and Dublin.  In 1900 he went to London where he was soon known as a composer and an excellent piano accompanist.  In 1904 he married the singer Agnes Nicholls.  For her he wrote a piece for soprano and orchestra called *Ode to a Nightingale*.

He soon became known as a conductor, conducting the London Symphony Orchestra and, from 1920, The Hallé, which he made into one of the best orchestras in England.
He conducted works by many composers, some of whom were little known at the time: they included Bax, Sibelius, Berlioz, Moeran, Walton and Richard Strauss.  He gave the first performance in England of Mahler’s Ninth Symphony.

Harty was knighted in 1925.  He resigned from The Hallé in 1933 after there had been a lot of arguments.  After that he mainly conducted in London, as well as in United States and Australia.

Harty composed many pieces during his early years, including *An Irish Symphony*, a tone poem *With the Wild Geese*, a *Violin Concerto*, and *Ode to a Nightingale*.

Harty was ill for the last five years of his life.  He had a brain tumour.  He was looked after by his secretary Olive Baguley, because he had separated from his wife.  He died in Hove near Brighton.

## References
* The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, ed. Stanley Sadie; 1980;
Albert Coates

**Albert Coates** (born Saint Petersburg, 23 April 1882; died Cape Town, 11 December 1953) was an Anglo-Russian conductor and composer.

## Life and work
Coates was born in Saint Petersburg, Russia, the youngest of seven sons of an English father and a Russian mother. 

He studied at the conservatory in Leipzig, where his greatest teacher was Arthur Nikisch.  He worked at the opera house in Dresden, and became conductor at Saint Petersburg's Mariinsky Theatre. After the Russian Revolution and World War I he just managed to escape from Russia in April 1919.

He first appeared at the Royal Opera House, Covent Garden in 1914 conducting Richard Wagner's *Tristan und Isolde*.  He was a man with a lot of energy, and he introduced the audiences to a lot of music they had not heard, especially by Russian composers such as Alexander Scriabin, but also English music by Ralph Vaughan Williams, Arnold Bax, and Gustav Holst, whose suite *The Planets* he gave the first complete London public performance.

In the 1920s and early 1930s he often worked with the London Symphony Orchestra.  He made gramophone recordings in the very early days of the gramophone.  These include Scriabin's ''Poème de l'Extase'' and many bits from Wagner's *Der Ring des Nibelungen* and (in 1925) the complete *Symphony No. 9* of Beethoven. He was the conductor for the first recording of Rachmaninoff's Piano Concerto No. 3, with Vladimir Horowitz as soloist. 

In 1925 he gave the first stage performance outside Russia of Rimsky-Korsakov's opera *The Legend of the Invisible City of Kitezh and the Maiden Fevroniya*.

He composed several works including operas and a symphonic poem *The Eagle*, dedicated to the memory of his former teacher Artur Nikisch, which was performed in Leeds in 1925.  In 1946 he settled in Milnerton, Cape Town, South Africa, where he died in 1953.

Albert Coates was no relation to Eric Coates, the English composer of light music, nor to the tenor John Coates.
.qa

**.qa** is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for State of Qatar.

## History
The .qa country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Qatar has been managed by the Qatar Domains Registry (QDR), under the oversight of the Communications Regulatory Authority (CRA). Initially, the registry held a "sunrise" period prior to public availability, which allowed trademark holders and government entities to secure their Qatar-specific domain names.

Public registration of .qa domains began in September 2011, with domain names offered through a mix of local and international accredited registrars. By 2014, thirteen registrars had been accredited by the QDR, including both international and local entities such as Qtel, IP Mirror, MarkMonitor, and DomainMonster.

However, a significant policy shift occurred at the end of 2024, when the CRA discontinued the renewal and issuance of registrar licenses to international companies. The regulatory framework was amended to ensure that only companies legally registered within the State of Qatar are eligible to become accredited domain registrars.

The Qatar Domains Registry manages a variety of domain extensions under the .qa namespace, including:

* Publicly available through registrars: .qa, .com.qa, .net.qa, .name.qa, and the Arabic IDN .قطر (represented in Punycode as `.xn--wgbl6a`).
* Reserved and managed directly by QDR: .gov.qa, .mil.qa, .org.qa, .edu.qa, and .sch.qa.

Qatar was among the first countries globally to offer domain names in the Arabic script.

## Second-level domains
* *.com.qa* – Commercial organisations; registered trademarks.
* *.edu.qa* – Licensed higher educational organisations in Qatar.
* *.sch.qa* – Licensed private and public schools in Qatar.
* *.gov.qa* – Governmental organisations.
* *.mil.qa* – Ministry of State for Defense Affairs and Qatar Armed Forces.
* *.net.qa* – Licensed networks of data communications.
* *.org.qa* – Nonprofit organisations.

## References
## External links
* IANA .qa whois information
* Qatar Internet Domain Names
* Qatar Domains Registry 
* For the IDN version of the website.
.sa

**.sa** is the Latin alphabet Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) of Saudi Arabia. Domains of this type can be registered through SaudiNIC, a department of the Communications and Information Technology Commission. The Arabic alphabet ccTLD of Saudi Arabia is السعودية.

## History 
The  top-level domain was managed by the King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology from 1995 to 2006. It was then transferred to Saudi Network Information Center (SaudiNIC).

As of 21 August 2023, 54,330  domain names were registered.

## See also 
* Saudi Network Information Center
* AlSaudiah

## References
## External links
* IANA .sa whois information
* Saudi Research & Innovation Network (King Abdulaziz City for Science & Technology)