September 8

## Events 
### Up to 1900 
* 70 &ndash; Roman forces under Titus sack Jerusalem.
* 1380 &ndash; Battle of Kulikovo: Russian forces defeat a mixed army of Tatars and Mongols, stopping their advance.
* 1504 &ndash; Michelangelo's David statue is unveiled in Florence.
* 1514 &ndash; Battle of Orsha: In one of the biggest battles of the century, Lithuanians and Poles defeat the Russian army.
* 1565 &ndash; The Knights of Malta end the Turkish Siege of Malta that began on May 18.
* 1665 &ndash; Warsaw falls without resistance to a small force under Charles X Gustav of Sweden.
* 1727 &ndash; A barn fire during a puppet show in the village of Burwell in Cambridgeshire, England, kills 78 people, most of them children.
* 1761 &ndash; King George III of the United Kingdom marries Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz.
* 1796 &ndash; French Revolutionary Wars: The French defeat Austrian forces in Bassano, Venetia, present–day Italy.
* 1831 &ndash; William IV of the United Kingdom is crowned king.
* 1860 &ndash; The steamship *Lady Elgin* sinks on Lake Michigan, killing around 300 people.
* 1863 &ndash; American Civil War: At the Second Battle of Sabine Pass, the Confederates prevent an attempt from the Union army to enter Texas.
* 1883 &ndash; The Northern Pacific Railway is completed in a ceremony at Gold Creek, Montana, United States.
* 1888 &ndash; Jack the Ripper killings: The body of Annie Chapman is found.
* 1888 &ndash; in England, the first six Football League matches are played.
* 1892 &ndash; The American Pledge of Allegiance is recited for the first time.
* 1900 &ndash; In Galveston, Texas, a hurricane kills around 8,000 people.

### 1901 &ndash; 2000 
* 1914 &ndash; World War I: Private Thomas Highgate becomes the first British soldier to be executed for desertion during the war.
* 1923 &ndash; Honda Point disaster: Nine United States Navy destroyers run aground on the California coast. Seven are lost and 23 sailors are killed.
* 1926 &ndash; Germany is admitted to the League of Nations.
* 1928 &ndash; Uruguay is given the right to host the 1930 FIFA World Cup.
* 1934 &ndash; Off the New Jersey coast, a fire aboard the passenger liner *SS Morro Castle* kills 135 people.
* 1935 &ndash; United States Senator Huey Long from Louisiana is fatally shot the state's capitol building.
* 1941 &ndash; World War II: The Siege of Leningrad begins.
* 1943 &ndash; World War II: US General Dwight D. Eisenhower publicly announces the allied armistice with Italy.
* 1944 &ndash; London is hot by a V–2 rocket for the first time.
* 1945 &ndash; United States troops arrive to partition South Korea after the Soviet occupation of the northern part.
* 1962 &ndash; Algeria adopts its constitution.
* 1966 &ndash; The First episode of Star Trek airs.
* 1966 &ndash; The Severn Bridge in southwestern England is officially opened by Queen Elizabeth II.
* 1974 &ndash; Gerald Ford pardons former US President Richard Nixon.
* 1986 &ndash; The Oprah Winfrey Show is broadcast for the first time on US television.
* 1988 &ndash; Yellowstone National Park is closed for the first time in its history due to ongoing fires.
* 1989 &ndash; Partnair Flight 394 crashes in the North Sea, killing 55 people.
* 1991 &ndash; The Republic of Macedonia becomes independent.
* 1994 &ndash; USAir Flight 427, on approach to Pittsburgh International Airport, suddenly crashes, killing all 132 on board.

### From 2001 
* 2004 &ndash; NASA's unmanned spacecraft *Genesis* crash–lands in Utah when its parachute fails to open.
* 2005 &ndash; Two EMERCOM II–76 aircraft land at a disaster aid staging area at Little Rock Air Force Base in Arkansas – the first time Russia has flown such a mission to North America.
* 2013 &ndash; Eleven people die in a train crash in Iasi County, Romania.
* 2018 &ndash; US Open: Naomi Osaka becomes the first Japanese tennis player to win a Grand Slam title, in a match dominated by her opponent Serena Williams' disputes with the umpire.
* 2019 &ndash; US Open: Rafael Nadal defeats Daniil Medvedev in five sets to win his 19th Grand Slam singles title, putting him just one behind Roger Federer's total of 20.
* 2022 &ndash; Queen Elizabeth II dies at the age of 96 and her son, Charles III becomes the King of the United Kingdom and Head of the Commonwealth.
* 2023 &ndash; 2023 Marrakesh-Safi earthquake occurs in Morocco.

## Births 
### Up to 1900 
* 801 &ndash; Ansgar, German Christian archbishop (d. 865)
* 1157 &ndash; King Richard I of England (d. 1199)
* 1207 &ndash; King Sancho II of Portugal (d. 1248)
* 1380 &ndash; Saint Bernardino of Siena, Italian Franciscan missionary (d. 1444)
* 1413 &ndash; Catherine of Bologna, Italian nun, writer, mystic, teacher, artist and saint (d. 1463)
* 1474 &ndash; Ludovico Ariosto, Italian poet (d. 1533)
* 1588 &ndash; Marin Mersenne, French mathematician (d. 1648)
* 1611 &ndash; Johann Friedrich Gronovius, German philologist (d. 1671)
* 1621 &ndash; Louis II de Bourbon, Prince de Conde, French general (d. 1686)
* 1624 &ndash; Murad Baksh, son of Shah Jahan and Mumtaz Mahal (d. 1661)
* 1633 &ndash; Ferdinand IV of Germany (d. 1654)
* 1749 &ndash; Gabrielle de Polastron, duchesse de Polignac, French aristocrat (d. 1793)
* 1749 &ndash; Marie-Louise, princesse de Lamballe, French aristocrat (d. 1792)
* 1750 &ndash; Tanikaze Kajinosuke, Japanese sumo wrestler (d. 1795)
* 1752 &ndash; Carl Stenborg, Swedish opera singer (d. 1813)
* 1767 &ndash; August von Schlegel, German poet (d. 1845)
* 1778 &ndash; Clemens Brentano, German poet (d. 1842)
* 1779 &ndash; Mustafa IV, Ottoman Sultan (d. 1808)
* 1783 &ndash; Nicolai Frederik Severin Grundtvig, Danish writer and philosopher (d. 1872)
* 1814 &ndash; Charles Etienne Brasseur de Bourbourg, French archaeologist, ethnographer and historian (d. 1874)
* 1815 &ndash; Giuseppina Strepponi, Italian operatic soprano (d. 1897)
* 1819 &ndash; Fontes Pereira de Melo, Portuguese statesman (d. 1887)
* 1822 &ndash; Karl von Ditmar, German geologist and explorer (d. 1892)
* 1828 &ndash; Joshua Chamberlain, American general, politician and 32nd Governor of Maine (d. 1914)
* 1830 &ndash; Frédéric Mistral, French poet (d. 1914)
* 1831 &ndash; Wilhelm Raabe, German writer (d. 1910)
* 1841 &ndash; Antonín Dvořák, Czech composer (d. 1904)
* 1841 &ndash; Charles J. Guiteau, assassin of US President James A. Garfield (d. 1882)
* 1851 &ndash; John Jenkins, American–born Premier of South Australia (d. 1923)
* 1852 &ndash; Emperor Gwangmu of Korea (d. 1919)
* 1857 &ndash; Georg Michaelis, Chancellor of Germany (d. 1936)
* 1872 &ndash; George Dern, Governor of Utah (d. 1936)
* 1873 &ndash; David O. McKay, American Mormon leader (d. 1970)
* 1881 &ndash; Harry Hillman, American athlete (d. 1945)
* 1881 &ndash; Refik Saydam, 5th Prime Minister and Turkey (d. 1942)
* 1886 &ndash; Siegfried Sassoon, British poet (d. 1967)
* 1886 &ndash; Ninon Vallin, French soprano (d. 1961)
* 1887 &ndash; Jacob L. Devers, American general (d. 1979)
* 1887 &ndash; George, Crown Prince of Serbia (d. 1972)
* 1889 &ndash; Robert Alphonso Taft, American politician (d. 1953)
* 1897 &ndash; Jimmie Rodgers, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1933)
* 1900 &ndash; Claude Pepper, American politician (d. 1989)

### 1901 &ndash; 1950 
* 1901 &ndash; Hendrik Verwoerd, South African politician (d. 1966)
* 1906 &ndash; Andrei Kirilenko, Soviet politician (d. 1990)
* 1910 &ndash; Jean-Louis Barrault, French actor and director (d. 1994)
* 1914 &ndash; Patriarch Demetrios I of Constantinople (d. 1991)
* 1918 &ndash; Derek Harold Richard Barton, British chemist (d. 1998)
* 1919 &ndash; Gianni Brera, Italian journalist and author (d. 1992)
* 1919 &ndash; Maria Lassnig, Austrian painter (d. 2014)
* 1921 &ndash; Harry Secombe, Welsh tenor and actor (d. 2001)
* 1922 &ndash; Sid Caesar, American comedian and actor (d. 2014)
* 1922 &ndash; Lyndon LaRouche, American politician (d. 2019)
* 1923 &ndash; Joy Laville, British–Mexican artist (d. 2018)
* 1924 &ndash; Fred Jarvis, British trade unionist
* 1924 &ndash; Wendell H. Ford, American politician, 53rd Governor of Kentucky (d. 2015)
* 1925 &ndash; Peter Sellers, British actor (d. 1980)
* 1929 &ndash; Christoph von Dohnanyi, German conductor
* 1930 &ndash; Mario Adorf, Swiss–German actor
* 1930 &ndash; Nguyen Cao Ky, South Vietnamese air force chief and Prime Minister (d. 2011)
* 1930 &ndash; Robert W. Firestone, American psychologist and author
* 1932 &ndash; Patsy Cline, American singer (d. 1963)
* 1933 &ndash; Paul M. Fleiss, American pediatrician (d. 2014)
* 1934 &ndash; Alan Dundes, American folklorist (d. 2005)
* 1937 &ndash; Joe Carolan, Irish footballer (d. 2018)
* 1938 &ndash; Wibke Bruhns, German journalist and writer (d. 2019)
* 1939 &ndash; Carsten Keller, German field hockey player
* 1941 &ndash; Ito Giani, Italian sprinter (d. 2018)
* 1941 &ndash; Bernie Sanders, American politician
* 1944 &ndash; Margaret Hodge, English politician
* 1944 &ndash; Terry Jenner, Australian cricketer and coach
* 1945 &ndash; Ron "Pigpen" McKernan, American musician (Grateful Dead) (d. 1973)
* 1945 &ndash; Rogie Vachon, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
* 1946 &ndash; Aziz Sancar, Turkish–American biochemist and molecular biologist, Nobel laureate
* 1947 &ndash; Halldor Asgrimsson, Icelandic politician, former Prime Minister of Iceland (d. 2015)
* 1947 &ndash; Valery Afanassiev, Russian politician
* 1948 &ndash; Great Kabuki, Japanese wrestler
* 1950 &ndash; Ian Davidson, Scottish politician

### 1951 &ndash; 1975 
* 1951 &ndash; John McDonnell, English politician
* 1952 &ndash; David R. Ellis, American director, actor and stuntman (d. 2013)
* 1954 &ndash; Anne Diamond, English journalist
* 1955 &ndash; Julian Richings, English–Canadian actor
* 1956 &ndash; David Carr, American journalist and writer (d. 2015)
* 1957 &ndash; Walt Easley, American football player (d. 2013)
* 1957 &ndash; Ricardo Montaner, Argentine–Venezuelan singer
* 1958 &ndash; Mitsuru Miyamoto, Japanese voice actor
* 1959 &ndash; Judy Murray, Scottish tennis coach
* 1960 &ndash; Aimee Mann, American musician
* 1960 &ndash; Stefano Casiraghi, Italian businessman, married into Monegasque royalty (d. 1990)
* 1963 &ndash; Danny Frawley, Australian footballer (d. 2019)
* 1963 &ndash; Brad Silberling, American television and movie director
* 1966 &ndash; Carola, Swedish singer
* 1967 &ndash; Eerik-Niiles Kross, Estonian politician and diplomat
* 1968 &ndash; Louise Minchin, English journalist
* 1969 &ndash; Gary Speed, Welsh footballer and coach (d. 2011)
* 1970 &ndash; Latren Sprewell, American basketball player
* 1970 &ndash; Nidal Malik Hassan, American soldier and murderer
* 1971 &ndash; David Arquette, American actor
* 1971 &ndash; Martin Freeman, English actor
* 1972 &ndash; Markus Babbel, German footballer
* 1973 &ndash; Khamis Al-Owairan, Saudi footballer
* 1975 &ndash; Richard Hughes, English musician (Keane)
* 1975 &ndash; Chris Latham, Australian rugby player
* 1975 &ndash; Lee Eul-Yong, South Korean footballer and manager
* 1975 &ndash; Elena Likhovtseva, Russian tennis player

### From 1976 
* 1976 &ndash; Sjeng Schalken, Dutch tennis player
* 1976 &ndash; Gerald Drummond, Costa Rican footballer
* 1976 &ndash; Jervis Drummond, Costa Rican footballer
* 1979 &ndash; Pink, American singer
* 1980 &ndash; Mbulaeni Mulaudzi, South African runner (d. 2014)
* 1980 &ndash; Kristian Kjelling, Norwegian handball player
* 1981 &ndash; Morten Gamst Pedersen, Norwegian footballer
* 1983 &ndash; Diego Benaglio, Swiss footballer
* 1984 &ndash; Peter Whittingham, English footballer
* 1984 &ndash; Vitaly Petrov, Russian racing driver
* 1986 &ndash; Joao Moutinho, Portuguese footballer
* 1987 &ndash; Wiz Khalifa, American rapper
* 1987 &ndash; Alexandre Bilodeau, Canadian freestyle skier
* 1987 &ndash; Marcel Nguyen, German gymnast
* 1987 &ndash; Dom Parsons, English skeleton racer
* 1988 &ndash; Chantal Jones, American model and actress
* 1989 &ndash; Avicii, Swedish DJ and producer (d. 2018)
* 1989 &ndash; Gylfi Sigurdsson, Icelandic footballer
* 1990 &ndash; Matt Barkley, American football player
* 1991 &ndash; Ignacio González Espinoza, Mexican footballer
* 1991 &ndash; Joe Sugg, English YouTuber, author and vlogger
* 1994 &ndash; Bruno Fernandes, Portuguese footballer

## Deaths 
### Up to 1900 
* 394 &ndash; Arbogast, Frankish general
* 701 &ndash; Pope Sergius I
* 780 &ndash; Leo IV the Khazar, Byzantine Emperor (b. 750)
* 1100 &ndash; Antipope Clement III (b. 1029)
* 1134 &ndash; Alfonso I of Aragon and Navarre (b. 1073)
* 1397 &ndash; Thomas of Woodstock, 1st Duke of Gloucester, English politician (b. 1355)
* 1425 &ndash; King Charles III of Navarre (b. 1361)
* 1613 &ndash; Carlo Gesualdo, Italian composer (b. 1566)
* 1637 &ndash; Robert Fludd, English physician, mathematician and cosmologist (b. 1574)
* 1644 &ndash; John Coke, English politician (b. 1563)
* 1645 &ndash; Francisco de Quevedo, Spanish poet and politician (b. 1580)
* 1682 &ndash; Juan Caramuel y Lobkowitz, Spanish writer (b. 1606)
* 1780 &ndash; Enoch Poor, American general (b. 1736)
* 1784 &ndash; Ann Lee, American religious leader (b. 1736)
* 1811 &ndash; Peter Simon Pallas, German zoologist and botanist (b. 1741)
* 1882 &ndash; Joseph Liouville, French mathematician (b. 1809)
* 1888 &ndash; Annie Chapman, victim of Jack the Ripper (b. 1841)
* 1894 &ndash; Hermann von Helmholtz, German physician and physicist (b. 1821)

### 1901 &ndash; 2000 
* 1916 &ndash; Friedrich Baumfelder, German pianist, composer and conductor (b. 1836)
* 1933 &ndash; King Faisal I of Iraq (b. 1883)
* 1944 &ndash; Richard Strauss, German composer (b. 1864)
* 1963 &ndash; Maurice Wilks, English automotive engineer (b. 1904)
* 1965 &ndash; Dorothy Dandridge, American actress and singer (b. 1922)
* 1965 &ndash; Hermann Staudinger, German chemist (b. 1881)
* 1969 &ndash; Bud Collyer, American actor and game show host (b. 1908)
* 1970 &ndash; Percy Spencer, inventor (b. 1894)
* 1978 &ndash; Ricardo Zamora, Spanish footballer (b. 1901)
* 1979 &ndash; Jean Seberg, American actress (b. 1938)
* 1980 &ndash; Willard Libby, American chemist (b. 1908)
* 1981 &ndash; Roy Wilkins, American civil rights activist (b. 1901)
* 1981 &ndash; Hideki Yukawa, Japanese physicist (b. 1907)
* 1981 &ndash; Nisargadatta Maharaj, Indian guru, philosopher and educator (b. 1897)
* 1983 &ndash; Antoine Magne, French cyclist (b. 1904)
* 1985 &ndash; John Franklin Enders, American scientist
* 1989 &ndash; Sgt. Barry Sadler, American soldier, writer and songwriter (b. 1940)
* 1999 &ndash; Moondog, American composer, musician and poet (b. 1916)

### From 2001 
* 2003 &ndash; Leni Riefenstahl, German movie maker (b. 1902)
* 2003 &ndash; Jaclyn Linetsky, Canadian voice actress (b. 1986)
* 2004 &ndash; Delfín Benítez Cáceres, Paraguayan footballer (b. 1910)
* 2006 &ndash; Thomas Lee Judge, 18th Governor of Montana (b. 1934)
* 2009 &ndash; Aage Niels Bohr, Danish physicist (b. 1922)
* 2010 &ndash; Israel Tal, Israeli military (b. 1924)
* 2011 &ndash; Vo Chi Cong, former President of Vietnam (b. 1912)
* 2012 &ndash; Bill Moggridge, English–American designer, author and educator (b. 1943)
* 2012 &ndash; Thomas Szasz, Hungarian–American psychiatrist and academic (b. 1920)
* 2013 &ndash; Louise Currie, American actress (b. 1913)
* 2014 &ndash; George Zuverink, American baseball player (b. 1924)
* 2014 &ndash; Gerald Wilson, American jazz trumpeter (b. 1918)
* 2014 &ndash; Magda Olivero, Italian operatic soprano (b. 1910)
* 2014 &ndash; Bobby Fong, American academic (b. 1950)
* 2014 &ndash; Sean O'Haire, American professional wrestler, mixed martial artist and kickboxer (b. 1971)
* 2015 &ndash; Andrew Kohut, American political scientist (b. 1942)
* 2015 &ndash; Joost Zwagerman, Dutch author (b. 1963)
* 2015 &ndash; Ebby Halliday, American businesswoman (b. 1911)
* 2016 &ndash; Prince Buster, Jamaican musician (b. 1938)
* 2017 &ndash; Pierre Bergé, French businessman and activist (b. 1930)
* 2017 &ndash; Isabelle Daniels, American sprinter (b. 1937)
* 2017 &ndash; Catherine Hardy Lavender, American sprinter (b. 1930)
* 2017 &ndash; Blake Heron, American actor (b. 1982)
* 2017 &ndash; Jerry Pournelle, American science fiction author (b. 1933)
* 2017 &ndash; Karl Ravens, German politician (b. 1927)
* 2017 &ndash; Don Williams, American country music singer-songwriter (b. 1939)
* 2018 &ndash; Jonas Algirdas Antanaitis, Lithuanian politician (b. 1921)
* 2018 &ndash; Gennadi Gagulia, Abkhazian politician, Prime Minister of Abkhazia (b. 1948)
* 2018 &ndash; Chelsi Smith, American singer and beauty pageant winner (b. 1973)
* 2019 &ndash; Chris Dobson, British chemist (b. 1949)
* 2019 &ndash; Ram Jethmalani, Indian lawyer and politician (b. 1923)
* 2019 &ndash; Yisrael Kessar, Yemeni–born Israeli politician (b. 1931)
* 2019 &ndash; Lito Legaspi, Filipino actor (b. 1941)
* 2019 &ndash; Christopher James, 5th Baron Northbourne, British aristocrat (b. 1926)
* 2019 &ndash; Joseph P. Kolter, American politician (b. 1926)
* 2019 &ndash; Camilo Sesto, Spanish singer–songwriter (b. 1946)
* 2019 &ndash; Olav Skjevesland, Norwegian Roman Catholic prelate (b. 1942)
* 2019 &ndash; Carlos Squeo, Argentine footballer (b. 1948)
* 2022 &ndash; Queen Elizabeth II, British monarch and head of the Commonwealth (b. 1926)
* 2023 &ndash; Whitey Von Nieda, American basketball player (b. 1922)

## Observances 
* National Holiday (Andorra and Republic of Macedonia)
* International Literacy Day (UNESCO)
* Victory Day (Pakistan)
* Nativity of the Virgin (Christianity)

## References