open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Wolfgang Leonhard

**Wolfgang Leonhard** (16 April 1921 – 17 August 2014) was a German political author, historian, and expert. He wrote many books on Communism and how he was against it. He was the last living member of the Ulbricht Group, an anti-communism group. Leonhard was born in Vienna, Austria to German parents.

Leonhard died at a hospital in Daun, Germany from a long-illness at the age of 93.

## Awards
* Phi Beta Kappa from Yale University (1982)
* Merit Cross 1st Class of the Federal Republic of Germany (*Verdienstkreuz 1. Klasse) (1987)
* Honorary doctorate from the Chemnitz University of Technology (1998)
* Cross of Honour for Science and Art, 1st Class (Austria, 2002)
* European Science Culture Award (2004)

## References
## More reading
* Wolfgang Leonhard, *Die Revolution entlässt ihre Kinder*. Köln (Kiepenheuer & Witsch) 1955; in Engl.: *Child of the revolution''. Transl. by C. M. Woodhouse. London (Collins) 1957

## Other websites
Ascendancy (album)

***Ascendancy*** is the second studio album by the American heavy metal band Trivium. The album was released in 2005. It was the first album to feature guitarist Corey Beaulieu and bassist Paolo Gregoletto.

## Production
The album contained 4 singles, "Like Light to the Flies", "Pull Harder on the Strings of Your Martyr", "A Gunshot to the Head of Trepidation" and "Dying in Your Arms". A music video was made for each of these songs. Also, a promotional video was filmed for the song "Rain". A demo version of "The Deceived" was included in the re-release of Ember to Inferno, nearly a year before this album was released.

## Sales
*Ascendancy* has sold over 500,000 copies worldwide,  in the United States of America the album reached No. 4 on the Top Heatseekers charts, with over 140,000 units sold. 

## Reviews
When the album was released, it got very good reviews. Johnny Loftus of Allmusic had this to say about the album "Ascendancy aligns real-deal thrash with powerful modern influences. But at all times it's a platform for Trivium's own crazed talent."  It also got 7/10 stars from PopMatters.

## Track listing
;Bonus DVD

## Band members
* Matt Heafy - vocals, guitars, production, art concept
* Corey Beaulieu - lead guitar
* Paolo Gregoletto - bass guitar
* Travis Smith - drums, percussion, gang vocals (on Track 6)

## References
Factory (band)

Factory brok through in Sweden with the 1978  single *Efter plugget* 1978. The single was followed up by the album *Factory*. The band toured the Nordic Region in the late 1970s-early 1980's and also released the 1980 album *Factory II*.

During the 1990s, the band was reunited temporary touring with, among others, Magnum Bonum, Attack and Snowstorm.

## Members
* Mats Carinder, vocals
* Ted Leinsköld, guitar
* Lars-Olof Larsson, keyboard
* Ken Siewertson, bass
* Mats Söderberg, drums

## Discography
### Studio albums 
* *Factory* (1979)
* *Factory II* (1980)

### Compilation albums 
* *Best of Factory* (1989)

### Singles
* *Lumpna funderingar* (1978)
* *Efter plugget* (1978)
* *Kuddsnack* (1979)
* *Face to Face* (1981)
* *Jag ställer inte upp* (1981)
* *Hårt mot hårt* (1982)
* *Ooa hela natten* (with Attack och Magnum Bonum) (1992)

### Maxisingles 12"
* *Efter plugget* (1989)

## References
Peter Sculthorpe

**Peter Joshua Sculthorpe**  (29 June 1929 &ndash; 8 August 2014) was an Australian composer. He was best known for orchestral and chamber music, such as *Earth Cry* (1986) and *Kakadu* (1988). He was a classical-styled opera and ballet composer.

Sculthorpe was born in suburban Launceston, Tasmania. He studied in Melbourne, Victoria and at the Wadham College, Oxford in the United Kingdom.

Sculthorpe died after a long illness on 8 August 2014 in Sydney, New South Wales. He was 85.

## References
## Other websites
* 
*
Ruth Davidson

**Ruth Davidson, Baroness Davidson of Lundin Links,** PC  (born 10 November 1978) is a Scottish politician. She was Leader of the Scottish Conservative Party from November 2011 to August 2019, and also the Leader of the Opposition in the Scottish Parliament from May 2016 to August 2019. She was then given a life peerage on 20 July 2021, and given membership to the House of Lords. 

## Early Life 
Davidson was born in Edinburgh, at the Edinburgh Royal Maternity Hospital and Simpson Memorial Maternity Pavilion.

Davidson lived in Selkirk, in the Scottish Borders. She went to Knowepark Primary School, and Buckhaven High School, 

Davidson studied English literature at University of Edinburgh, gaining a Master of Arts degree. After graduation, she worked as a journalist. She first worked for the Glenrothes Gazette as a  reporter. She then worked in radio, working for Kingdom FM, and then for Real Radio. In late 2002 she joined BBC Scotland, where she worked as a radio journalist, producer, presenter and reporter. She also worked as a Sunday School teacher. For three years between 2003 and 2006, Davidson was  in the  as a .  

## Political Career 
Davidson was elected as a Member of the Scottish Parliament in May 2011. She became elected as Leader of the Scottish Conservative Party on the 4 November 2011. Davidson left her position of as Leader of the Scottish Conservative Party on the 29 August 2019.
## Personal life
Davidson is  lesbian, and lives with her partner in Partick, an area in the city of Glasgow.

## References
## Other websites
*Ruth Davidson's page on the Scottish Parliament website
*Biography on the Scottish Conservatives website
Mike Smith

**Michael George** "**Mike**" **Smith** (23 April 1955 &ndash; 1 August 2014), also known nicknamed "**Smitty**", was an English television and radio presenter. He was best known for being a BBC Radio 1 breakfast show DJ from 1982 until 1988. Smith was also a racing driver and businessman.

Smith was born in Romford, Essex. He was married to presenter Sarah Greene from 1989 until his death. He was also a helicopter pilot and was badly injured with Greene in 1986 when they had a helicopter accident in Gloucestershire.

Smith died from problems caused by heart surgery on 1 August 2014 in London. He was 59.

## References
## Other websites
*
Aegean cat

The **Aegean cat** () is a breed of cat. It first lived on the Cyclades islands on the Aegean Sea. This is how it got its name. Because it was an island cat, it likes to play in water and to catch fish.

The Aegean now lives all over Greece and is a common domestic cat that lives in homes. But there are also many that are feral in Greece. This means they are not tame and they run wild. They hang around fishing ports begging for food. This breed is probably the only cat that began in Greece.

## Appearance 
Aegean cat fur is medium long. It gives good protection during bad winter weather. They have two or three colors. One of the colors is always white, with no yellow tone. Other colors can be black, red, blue, and cream. The fur may or may not have tabby stripes. These cats are strong with muscles and are medium-sized. The paws are medium in size and have a round shape. The eyes are always green and they have an almond shape.

## Aegeans as pets
The Aegean cat has been tame for hundreds of years and has been living where people are. So it is a friendly and intelligent pet that likes attention. The Aegean can not only live in an apartment, but is also a good rodent catcher outside.

## References 
## Other websites 
*Short profile about the Aegean cat
Twilight Dementia

***Twilight Dementia*** is the first live album by the British power metal band DragonForce. It was released in Japan on 8 September 2010. In the United Kingdom it was released on 13 September and in the United States on September 14. The album was recorded in November and December 2009 during the United Kingdom part of their Ultra Beatdown tour. It was recorded across 19 shows. It was the last album that had ZP Theart as the lead singer before he left the band.

## Track listing
### Disc One
### Disc Two
## Band Members
* ZP Theart - lead vocals
* Herman Li - lead guitar, rhythm guitar, backing vocals
* Sam Totman - lead guitar, rhythm guitar, backing vocals
* Vadim Pruzhanov - keyboard, piano, theremin, Kaoss Pad, backing vocals
* Frédéric Leclercq - bass, backing vocals
* Dave Mackintosh - drums

## Production
The album was produced by Karl Groom, Herman Li and Sam Totman.
 
## Reviews
Allmusic given the album 3.5 out of 5 stars, saying that "the sound feels a little thin, but everything else is in place with the main attraction being shredmasters Herman Li and Sam Totman". They also said that "if you’re among those who just can’t seem to get enough of their well beyond over the top musical antics, Twilight Dementia will certainly satisfy." 

## References
ZP Theart

**ZP Theart** (born 27 May 1975 in Clanwilliam, South Africa) is a heavy metal singer. Most people know him as the main singer of DragonForce. While in DragonForce he recorded 5 albums and a studio album.  

He left shortly after the release of Twilight Dementia due to "insurmountable differences of musical opinion". He has since said he does not regret leaving the band. After leaving, he formed heavy metal band I Am I with him as lead singer. They have released 1 studio album called *Event Horizon*. 

He was recently hired by Riot Games as the voice of Karthus in the fictional metal band Pentakill. This was for the songs "Deathfire Grasp" and "Last Whisper". 

## References
The Road to Serfdom

***The Road to Serfdom*** is a book written by the Austrian-born economist and philosopher Friedrich von Hayek (1899–1992) between 1940 and 1943.

In the book he warned of the danger of tyranny which comes from "government control of economic decision-making by central planning". He means the way fascist, communist and socialist governments try to control every aspect of the economy.

The rights and wishes of the individual are important, and the state should not interfere too much. When the state controls too much, that leads to a loss of freedom, an oppressive society, and eventually the tyranny of a dictator. The individual citizen becomes a serf. Hayek argued that fascism and socialism had roots in central economic planning and giving the state power over the individual.

After its publication in 1944, *The Road to Serfdom* became a popular account of market libertarianism. It has sold over two million copies.

*The Road to Serfdom* was to be a popular edition of the second volume of Hayek’s *The Abuse and Decline of Reason*. Several milliion copies of this edition were printed. A 95-page abridged version was also published in 1945 and 1946. In February 1945, a picture-book version was published in *Look* magazine, later made into a pamphlet and distributed by General Motors.

This got *The Road to Serfdom* to a wider group of readers than before. The book had a big impact on twentieth-century conservative and libertarian economic and political thinking. It is often cited today by commentators.

## References
Attack (band)

**Attack** was a pop group in Huddinge in Sweden, active between 1980-1985, scoring chart successes in Sweden during the early 1980s.

## Members
### 1980-1982
*Åke Eriksson
*Rosa Körberg
*Björn Uhr
*Peter P.J Jägerhult

### 1983-1985
*Åke Eriksson
*Rosa Körberg
*Björn Uhr
*Fille Lindström

### 1992-1999
*Åke Eriksson
*Rosa Körberg
*Björn Uhr
*Peter P.J Jägerhult

### 2000-2005
*Åke Eriksson
*Rosa Körberg
*Björn Uhr
*Carl Gornitzki

## Discography
### Album
*1980 - *Vampyrrock*
*1981 - *Rätt stuk*
*1982 - *Full fart Framåt*

### Singles
*1980 - "Du får inte komma i kväll/Vill du ha, kom å ta'"
*1981 - "Kompaktmannen/Jag vill inte ner i källaren"
*1981 - "Ooa hela natten/Kom fram"
*1982 - "Trasnochando (Ooa hela natten)/Adelante (Kom fram)"
*1982 - "Ooin in the Moonlight/Ooin in the Moonlight (instrumental version)"
*1982 - "Tokyo / Tung metall"
*1982 - "Dag och natt/Grönt ljus"
*1982 - "Helt rätt/Dr. Kildahr"

## References
## Other websites
* Attack
Imerio Massignan

**Imerio Massignan** (January 2, 1937 &ndash; May 3, 2024) was an Italian professional cyclist. He was born in Altavilla Vicentina.

## Career
His first professional race was the Giro d'Italia in 1959. He finished 5th overall. He did well in the Giro d'Italia for six years. His best finish was 2nd overall in 1962.

At the Tour de France he won the Polka dot jersey for best climber in 1960 and 1961. In 1961 he also finished 4th overall. Later in 1961 he came second in the Giro di Lombardia.

Massignan retired in 1969. He died in Novi Ligure, Italy on 3 May 2024, at the age of 87.

## Palmarès 
;1959
:Giro d'Italia:
::5th place overall classification
;1960
:Tour de France
::Mountains classification
::10th place overall classification
:Giro d'Italia:
::4th place overall classification
;1961
:Tour de France:
::Winner Mountains classification
::Winner stage 16
::4th place overall classification
;1962
:Tour de France:
::7th place overall classification
:Giro d'Italia:
::2nd place overall classification
:Lavis
;1963
:Giro d'Italia:
::7th place overall classification
;1965
:Giro d'Italia:
::9th place overall classification

## References
## Other websites 
* Official Tour de France results for Imerio Massignan
Stand Up and Scream

***Stand Up and Scream*** was the debut album of the English metalcore band Asking Alexandria. It was released on 15 September 2009 through Sumerian Records. The album came number 170 on the Billboard 200, number 29 on Top Independent albums and number 5 on Heatseekers. 

## Track listing
## Band Members
*Danny Worsnop - lead vocals, keyboards, piano, synthesizers, programming
*Ben Bruce - lead guitar, backing vocals, vocals on track 8 and 9, programming
*Cameron Liddell - rhythm guitar
*Sam Bettley - bass guitar
*James Cassells - drums

## References
Angel (Swedish band)

**Angel** was a group from Degerfors in Sweden, breaking through with their 1991 chart success *Sommaren i city*.

## Members
*Linda Jansson (now Dahl) - vocals, keyboard
*Jessica Larsson (now Wagnsson) - bass
*Maria Zaring (now Skaug) - guitar 
*Linda Gustavsson - drums

The girls came from Degerfors and Karlskoga.

In 1992, the band released the album *Äventyr i natten*, and participated at Melodifestivalen 1992 with the songs *Venus Butterfly*. Originally, Anna Åkesson was the vocalist. Linda Jansson later was one of three cowriters of the song *När vindarna viskar mitt namn*, which won Melodifestivalen 2000, performed by Roger Pontare.

## Later appearances 
On 2 Augusti 2007, the band appeared during the Stockholm Pride schlager evening, performing the songs "Sommaren i city" and "Venus Butterfly". A "Sommarkrysset" appearance, aired over TV4, was done on 25 August 2007.

## Discography
### Albums
*Äventyr i natten - 1992

## References
Magnum Bonum

**Magnum Bonum** was a pop group from Huddinge in Sweden, scoring several chart successes in Sweden during the 1970's and 80's. Famous songs are *Skateboard* (*LA Run*), *Marie*, *Lover Boy*, *Vi vill ha mer*, *Hög hatt* and *Digital panik*.

## References
## Other websites
* Officiell webbplats
Børre Knudsen

**Børre Knudsen** (September 24, 1937 – August 17, 2014) was a Norwegian Lutheran minister. He was known for his pro-life (against abortion) activism. Knudsen and a few more activists created a new Norwegian church called Deanery of Strandebarm. He was made the bishop of the church in 1997. Knudsen was born in Vennesla, Norway.

Knudsen died in Mestervik, Norway, aged 76.

## References
## Other websites
*
Sophie Masloff

**Sophie Masloff** (December 23, 1917 – August 17, 2014) was an American politician. She was a long-time member of the Democratic Party and civil servant. She was elected to the Pittsburgh City Council and later served as the mayor of Pittsburgh from 1988 to 1994. She was the first woman and the first Jew to hold that office.

Masloff died on August 17, 2014, at the Center for Compassionate Care in Mt. Lebanon, Pennsylvania, aged 96.

## References
## Other websites
*Where Is The Next Generation of Pittsburgh Characters
Windowing system

**. The window decoration is either drawn by the window manager or by the client. The drawing of the content is the task of the client.]]
A **windowing system''' is a computing term. It refers to a way a computer operating system (OS) displays computer programs on a computer screen. It is a type of graphical user interface (GUI) using windows, menus, and a pointer. Microsoft Windows is a popular OS that uses a windowing system. Each window is an independent part of the screen and typically holds a program or dialog box. 

## References
Henrik Åberg

**Henrik Åberg**, born 1976, is a Swedish singer who won TV4's *Sikta mot stjärnorna* in 1995, imitating Elvis Presley performing the song *Blue Hawaii*, and scoring chart successes in Sweden.

He also represented Sweden in the European final of *European Soundmix Show*, on 13 April 1996 in Amsterdam, performing *Love Me Tender*. At Melodifestivalen 1996 he participated with the song *Du är alltid en del utav mej* written by Lasse Berghagen and Lasse Holm. While the song didn't reach the final, it became a Svensktoppen hit for 36 weeks.

Henrik Åberg then went on a summer tour with an own band, where ABBA bassist Rutger Gunnarsson was Kapellmeister. Between 1996 and 1998, he scored totally five Sensktoppen hits. In 2001, even *En dans i morgonsolen*, with Martinez charted for 17 weeks at Svenskoppen.

## Discography
### Albums
* *Du är alltid en del utav mej* (1996, Sony Music)
* *Hemma igen* (1997, Sony Music)
* *Allt jag har* (2003, Annie Records och City Music)
* *Elvis Forever: A Tribute To The King* (2011, with Jack Baymoore)
* *Mitt julalbum* (2014)

## Svensktoppen songs
* *Du är alltid en del utav mej* - 1996
* *Bara en clown* - 1996
* *Vi ska aldrig ta farväl* - 1997
* *Jenny och jag* - 1998
* *Hemma igen* - 1998
* *En dans i morgonsolen* - 2001 (with Martinez)

## References
Marianne Flynner

**Marianne Flynner**, born 16 September 1954 in Stockholm, Sweden, is a Swedish singer.

During the 1980s, she travelled with Rocktåget, and sung as a backup-choir girl with among others, Roxette and Eva Dahlgren.

For eight years, she lived in California, before studying at Adolf Fredrik's Music School.

in the USA, she was influenced by country music. By late 1993, Country Girl came out and her first album with own songs, and it peaked at 47th  position at the Swedish album chart. In 1994 came her second album, Tic-Tac Time, and in 1996 came her third, Sagt och gjort. The albums consisted of accustic, country-influenced, folk rock.

In 1995 she scored a hit together with Susanne Alfvengren and Åsa Jinder performing the Swedish women's national team fight song "Det är nu!" during the 1995 FIFA Women's World Cup, which was played in Sweden.

On 4 January 1997, her song "Den sista december" received a Svensktoppen test, but failed to enter chart.

Another famous song is "Hennes ögon" from 1996, written by Lotta Ahlin, and recorded by, among others, Jill Johnson in 1998.

## Discography
### Albums
*Country Girl - 1993
*Tic-Tac Time - 1994
*Sagt och gjort - 1996

## References
Mount Washington (New Hampshire)

**Mount Washington** is the tallest mountain in New Hampshire. It is also the tallest in the northeastern United States. It is  tall. The mountain is known for cold and stormy weather. Some people think it has the "worst weather in the world". The highest wind speed ever measured on earth, , was recorded there. As early as 1628 it appears in print as "Christall hill" (Crystal Hill). In July 1874 it was given its current name, Mt. Washington, after George Washington. The road is still there today. 
 
On 31 August 1899, Freelan O. Stanley and his wife drove a Stanley Steamer motor car to the top of Mt. Washington. Not counting stops to add water, the car took two hours and ten minutes to reach the top. It carried so many passengers at a time a new hotel had to be built in 1873. He was called "Crazy Marsh" because a railroad going up a mountain was thought to be impossible. But Marsh wasn't crazy. He took out patents on his design. Customers paid to ride to the top even before it was finished. They called the ride "Jacob’s Ladder". It is still in operation today climbing the mountain at .

## Notes 
## References
## Other websites 
*Climbing Jacob's Ladder, Scared Stiff
*SteamPhotos.com
Ray Walston

**Ray Walston** (**Herman Raymond Walston**; November 2, 1914 – January 1, 2001) was an American actor and comedian. He was known for his role as Uncle Martin O'Hara in the television series *My Favourite Martian*.

On January 1, 2001, Walston died at age 86 at his home in Beverly Hills, California 6 years after being diagnosed with lupus. He was survived by his wife, daughter, and two grandchildren. Walston was cremated and his ashes given to his daughter.

## References
## Other websites
* 
*
City upon a Hill

***A City upon a Hill*** is a phrase from the Salt and Light in Jesus's Sermon on the Mount. In Matthew 5:14, he tells his listeners, "You are the light of the world. A city that is set on a hill cannot be hidden." It has become popular with American politicians.

President Ronald Reagan used the image as well, in his 1984 acceptance of the Republican Party nomination and in his January 11, 1989, farewell speech to the nation:

## References
Snowstorm (band)

**Snowstorm** is a rock band in Gothenburg in Sweden, founded in 1976 by Lars "Dille" Diedricson (vocals), Peter Nordholm (guitar), Torben Ferm (drums) and Micael Serenban (bass). The band scored several chart successes in Sweden during the 1970's and 80's. One of their most famous songs is "Sommarnatt" from 1980.

## Discography
### Albums 
* ''Swedish Tracks '79* (1979; Various Artists compilation album)
* *Sommarnatt* (1980)
* *Nattlivstyranner* (1981)
* *Ur natten in i gryningen* (1982)
* *Rockin Again* (1984)
* *Underbar* (1991)
* *Best of Snowstorm* (1992)
* *När ett hjärta slår* (1992)
* *The revival album* (1999; Snowstorm, Factory and Magnum Bonum)
* *1000 dar'' (2006)

### Singles 
* "Fuzzy/Hising Island" (1978)
* "Vive le rock/okänd" (1979)
* "Summertime/Dina läppar mot mina"
* "Sommarnatt/Vårstämning"
* "Vinternatt/Julstämning" (1989)
* "Sommarnatt (Technoversion)/Regn" (1998)
* "In och ut"

## Members 
* Torben Ferm, drums (1976–)
* Johan  Herlogson, guitar (1989–)
* Micael  Serenban, bass (1976–)
* Mats  Bernhardsson, vocals (1997–)

### Former members 
* Lars Diedricson, vocals (1976–1980, 1983–1986)
* Peter Nordholm, guitar (1976–1980, 1983–1986)
* Ralph Peeker, vocals (1980–1982, 1987)
* Denny Olson, guitar (1981–1982, 1987)
* Mikael Wedberg, vocals (1982–1983)
* Gunnar Jaunupe, vocals (1987–1996)
* Anders Karlsson, guitar (1987–1989)

## References
Wolf Point, Chicago

**Wolf Point** is the location where the North, South and Main Branches of the Chicago River meet in the present day Near North Side, Loop, and Near West Side community areas of Chicago. 

Wolf Point is historically important in the development of early Chicago. This was the location of Chicago's first three taverns, its first hotel, Sauganash Hotel, its first ferry, its first drug store, its first church, and the first bridges across the Chicago River. 

The Wolf Point is said to be named after a Native American Chief whose name meant to wolf in English, but other theories exist.

## References
## Other websites
*
*
*
*
Northern pike

The **northern pike** (*Esox lucius*), is a species of freshwater fish. It has a number of nicknames such as 'Northern', 'Great northern pike', 'Pike', and 'Jack'. Its latin name literally translates to 'water wolf'. The northern pike is a freshwater game fish and the second largest member of the Esox (Pike) family. It is also that family's . In North America they are native to Alaska, Canada and the Upper Midwestern United States. Their natural range also includes Northern Europe and Asia. They are a cold water fish and do best in deep lakes. Northerns are voracious feeders that require large supplies of fish for steady growth. If they are overpopulated in a body of water their growth rate is often stunted.

## Physical description 
Northern pike and Muskellunge look very similar and are sometimes confused. The Northern has light colored markings on a dark body (the opposite of the Musky). Also the Northern has a rounded tail fins while the Musky's are pointed. The northern has a long body. It has a large number of very sharp teeth. The northern is the only member of the pike family with spots on its side that are lighter than the body color.

## Habitat and forage 
Northern pike are frequently found in very shallow water. They prefer weeds and are often found near fallen logs. In the early spring Northerns move to very shallow water. They often spawn in weedy marshes. They feed on whatever is easiest to catch. They wait in ambush and can rush forward with tremendous speed.

## Related pages 
* Esox
* Muskellunge
* List of fish common names

## References 
## Other websites 
* A Basic Guide to Catching Northern Pike 
* Invasive Pike in Southcentral Alaska
Aaron Montgomery Ward

**Aaron Montgomery Ward** (February 17, 1844 – December 7, 1913) was an American entrepreneur from Chicago. He was known for his use of mail order for retail sales to rural customers. Ward continues to be honored as the protector of Grant Park in Chicago.

In 1872 he founded Montgomery Ward, a store which became nationally known.

## Other websites
* Official Montgomery Ward site
Richard Warren Sears

**Richard Warren Sears** (December 7, 1863 – September 28, 1914) was an American manager and businessman. He was the founder of Sears, Roebuck and Company with his partner Alvah Curtis Roebuck.

## References
## Other websites
* 
* Sears Archives biography
Blue Point, New York

**Blue Point** is a hamlet (and census-designated place) in Suffolk County, New York, United States. The population was 5,156 at the 2020 census. 
Blue Point is in the Town of Brookhaven. It was the home of Nobel Prize-winner Raymond Davis, Jr..

## References
## Other websites
Australian Mist

The **Australian Mist** (first named the **Spotted Mist**) is a breed of cat. The breed began in Australia, in 1976.  Burmese cats, Abyssinian cats and other short-haired cats were mated to make a short-haired cat with a spotted coat. In 1998, the name was changed to "Australian Mist", when cats with marbled coats became part of the breed.

## Appearance 
Australian Mists are medium-sized short-haired cats.  They have large eyes and a short coat of fur. They do not need much brushing because they do not lose much hair. Their coat has three types of markings. First is their background solid color. It is paler than their pattern, which is spotted like a tabby. Their legs and tail have rings or stripes. Their face and neck also have lines of color. The accepted colors are blue, chocolate, lilac, cinnamon and fawn.

## Behavior 
Australian Mists are okay with being picked up and held.  They do not scratch much. When they are kittens, they have a lot of energy. As adults, they settle down to be quiet cats.  They make good indoor cats. Some can be trained to go for walks with a collar and a leash. 

## References 
### More reading 
*
*
*
Gurdon Saltonstall Hubbard

**Gurdon Saltonstall Hubbard** (August 22, 1802 in Windsor, Vermont&nbsp;– September 14, 1886 in Chicago, Illinois) was an American fur trader, insurance underwriter and land speculator. Hubbard first arrived in Chicago on October 1, 1818 as a voyageur. He went on to build Chicago's first stockyard and help form a land boom for Chicago in the East.

## Further reading
* Hamilton, Henry R. *The Epic of Chicago*. Willett Clark, 1932.
* Hubbard, Gurdon S. *The Autobiography of Gurdon Saltonstall Hubbard, Pa-pa-ma-ta-be, "The Swift Walker*. Lakeside Press, 1911.
* Wendt, Lloyd. *Swift Walker: An Informal Biography of Gurdon Saltonstall Hubbard*. Regnery Books, 1986. .
* Hubbard's Trail, by Alfred Hubbard Holt. Chicago, Ill[inois:] Erie Press—Publishers; 30 N[orth] LaSalle St[reet, 1952.] 320p. (Books of Character)
191 North Wacker

**191 North Wacker** is a 516ft (157m) tall skyscraper in Chicago, Illinois.  The construction was from 2000 to 2002. It has 37 floors, 14 elevators, and 68,184 m² of floor space. Kohn Pedersen Fox Associates designed the building. It is the 77th tallest in Chicago.

## Related pages
* List of tallest buildings in Chicago

## References 
* Skyscraperpage 
* Chicago Architecture
George Streeter

**George Wellington "Cap" Streeter** (1837 &ndash; January 22, 1921) was an American businessman and criminal. He was born near the town of Flint, Michigan. From 1886 to 1921, Streeter was in many scandals such as, forged legal documents and used violence to wrest  of Lake Michigan shoreline away from its rightful owners. He then turned to conning the poor by selling them land that he did not own. He was convicted of manslaughter in 1902 and was sent to prison. He died of pneumonia. A Chicago neighborhood, Streeterville is named after him.

## References
English Cocker Spaniel

The **English Cocker Spaniel** is a  breed of dog. It is one of many Spaniel breeds. Spaniels were bred to hunt. They were used as hunting dogs to retrieve shot animals. Now they are family pets, but are still very active. Cockers have a will of their own. Most English Cocker Spaniels are loving, happy, friendly and intelligent animals.
 
English Cocker Spaniels make good family pets. They do not like being alone. They will make noise and chew things if alone for too long. These dogs are faithful, social and affectionate. They like to sit close to their owners and sleep in the same room. They want to be together as often as possible. English Cocker Spaniels rank 18th in Stanley Coren's *The Intelligence of Dogs*. This means that they are very intelligent.

English Cocker Spaniels are happy and wag their tails a lot. Because of this, they have the nickname "merry cocker". They can also be dominant but loyal to their family. English Cocker Spaniels come in many different colors. Their height is from 38 to 41 cm, weight is from 11–13 kg.

The  English Cocker Spaniel's hair needs to be trimmed from time to time. If not they will shed a lot of hair.
   
File:EnglishCockerSpaniel simon.jpg|Orange English Cocker Spaniel, recently trimmed
File:Gessa d'Aran Copo de Nieve- arancio roano- prop.Kalesa.jpg|Orange and white English Cocker Spaniel
File:Plur.Ch.Francini's Varenne- cocker nero- prop.Kalesa.jpg|Black English Cocker Spaniel
File:English Cocker Spaniel in Tallinn.JPG|English Cocker Spaniel, white with black spots

## Related pages
* Cocker spaniel
* American Cocker Spaniel

## References
Alvah Curtis Roebuck

**Alvah Curtis Roebuck** (January 9, 1864 &ndash; June 18, 1948) was an American manager and businessman. He was the founder of Sears, Roebuck and Company with his partner Richard Warren Sears.

## Career 
He is the co-founder of Sears, Roebuck and Company with Richard Warren Sears in 1891.

## References
## Other websites
* 
* Roebuck's grave in Acacia Mausoleum, Chicago
* Who were Sears and Roebuck
William Le Baron Jenney

**William Le Baron Jenney** (September 25, 1832&mdash;June 14, 1907) was an American architect and engineer. He is known for building the first skyscraper in 1884. It was called the Home Insurance Building. He soon became known as the Father of the American skyscraper. He is buried in Graceland Cemetery in Uptown, Chicago.

## Other websites
* Architect William LeBaron Jenney (1832-1907)
UEFA Euro 2016

The **2016 UEFA European Championship** (also called the **UEFA Euro 2016**) was the 15th UEFA European Football Championship tournament and it was held in France from 10 June to 10 July 2016. The tournament was the first to have 24 teams, instead of the previous 16.

Portugal won the tournament over the hosts, France. They also qualified for the 2017 FIFA Confederations Cup, which took place in Russia.

## Bid process 
Four bids came before the deadline on 9 March 2009. France, Italy and Turkey put in single bids while Norway and Sweden put in a joint bid. Norway and Sweden eventually withdrew their bid in December 2009.

The host was selected on 28 May 2010.

## Qualification 
## Venues 
Ten venues will be used for the tournament. These venues were confirmed by UEFA on 25 January 2013.

### Team base camps 
Each team has a "team base camp" for its stay between the matches. The teams will train here as well. The list of team base camps was released on 31 January 2016.

## Group Stage
A win would earn the team 3 points, a draw would earn them 1 point, and a loss earns them no points. The schedule of the tournament was announced on 25 April 2014

### Final rankings 
Rankings are based on performance, not team skill. Also, these rankings are unofficial and are **not based on head-to-head record**.

### Team of the tournament 
* **Goalkeeper**:
**  Rui Patrício
* **Defenders**:
**  Jerome Boateng
**  Raphaël Guerreiro
**  Joshua Kimmich
**  Pepe
* **Midfielders**:
**  Joe Allen
**  Toni Kroos
**  Dimitri Payet
**  Aaron Ramsey
* **Forwards**:
**  Antoine Griezmann
**  Cristiano Ronaldo

Source:

### Sponsorship 
 aeroplane, decorated with UEFA EURO 2016 emblems.]]

## References
Henry Hobson Richardson

**Henry Hobson Richardson** (September 29, 1838 – April 27, 1886) was an American architect. He designed buildings in Albany, Boston, Buffalo, Chicago, Pittsburgh, Milwaukee and other cities. The style he popularized is named for him: Richardsonian Romanesque. Along with Louis Sullivan and Frank Lloyd Wright, Richardson is one of "the recognized trinity of American architecture".

## Other websites
* Richardson's present day successor firm, Shepley Bulfinch Richardson and Abbott 
* 
* 
* The 53 extent Richardson sites and his Brookline, MA house
Johnson City, Texas

**Johnson City** is a city in Blanco County, Texas, United States. The population was 1,627 at the 2020 census.

## References
## Other websites
* 
* City of Johnson City official website
Handkerchief

handkerchief]]

A **handkerchief** , also called a **handkercher** or **hanky**, is a form of a kerchief, usually made of thin fabric that can be carried in the pocket or purse. It was invented for personal hygiene purposes such as wiping one's hands or face, or blowing one's nose. 

A handkerchief is also sometimes used as a purely decorative accessory in a suit pocket.

## Modern usage
The material of a handkerchief can be symbolic of the social-economic class of the user. It is not only because some materials are more expensive, but because some materials are more absorbent and useful for those who use a handkerchief for more than style.  Handkerchiefs can be made of cotton, cotton-synthetic blend, synthetic fabric, silk, or linen.

## Origin
Before people used the word handkerchief, the word kerchief alone was common. This term came from two French words: couvrir, which means “to cover,” and chef, which means “head.”

In the time of ancient Greece and Rome, handkerchiefs were often used the way they are today. But in the Middle Ages, kerchiefs were usually used to cover the head.

File:StateLibQld 1 207213 A. G. Murray, 1901.jpg| A man pictured (1901) in a three-piece suit with pocket handkerchief showing
Image:Grey and navy suit on mannequin.jpg|Suits with pocket handkerchief
File:Men in Suits.jpg|Men in suits with pocket handkerchief
File:Woman sneezing.jpg|A woman using a handkerchief for personal hygiene
File:Mouchoir.JPG|A Mouchoir, a type of handkerchief

## Other websites
InterContinental Chicago Magnificent Mile

**InterContinental Chicago Magnificent Mile** is a hotel in Chicago, Illinois, United States.  The hotel currently occupies two multi-story buildings.  The historic tower, or "South Tower," is a , 42-story building which was completed in 1929 originally as the home of the Medinah Athletic Club. The new tower, or "North Tower" is a , 28-story addition, completed in 1961. 

## References
## Other websites
*Official website
Goodman Theatre

The **Goodman Theatre** is a professional theater company located in Chicago's Loop. A major part of Chicago Theatre, it is the city's oldest currently active nonprofit theater organization. Part of its present theater complex occupies the landmark Harris and Selwyn Theaters property.

## References
Chicago (That Toddlin' Town)

**Chicago**" is a popular song. It was written by Fred Fisher and was published in 1922.The song has been recorded by many artists, but the best-known versions are by Frank Sinatra and Judy Garland. Judy's Album, "Judy live at Carnegie Hall".One line mentions that evangelist, Billy Sunday could not shut down Chicago.

The song was featured in H.C. Potter's 1939 movie,  *The Story of Vernon and Irene Castle*.
Allerton Hotel

The **Warwick Allerton Hotel** or **Warwick Allerton Hotel Chicago** (formerly **Allerton Hotel** and **Allerton Crowne Plaza Hotel**) is a 25-story  hotel skyscraper on the Magnificent Mile in the Near North Side community area of Chicago, Illinois.   It was the first building in the city to feature setbacks and towers resulting from the 1923 zoning law. The building was designated a Chicago Landmark on May 29, 1998.

## References
## Other websites
* 
* Warwick Allerton Hotel Chicago official website
Wolf Point South Tower

**Wolf Point South Tower** is the tallest of three planned buildings to be developed in the Near North Side community area on the Wolf Point next to the Chicago River in downtown Chicago. The building is planned to be  tall. The East Tower is also under construction.

## References
## Other websites
*Wolf Point website
*Wolf Point South Tower at Emporis.com
Jay Pritzker

**Jay Arthur Pritzker** (August 26, 1922&nbsp;– January 23, 1999) was an American entrepreneur, conglomerate organizer, and member of the Pritzker family. He was the co-founder of Hyatt Corporation. The Jay Pritzker Pavilion is named after him.

## References
## Other websites
*Jay Pritzker Pavilion @ Millennium Park, Chicago
Ann Rowan

**Ann Rowan** (1929 &ndash; 10 August 2014) was an Irish actress. She was best known for her role as Julia Mac in the RTÉ television soap opera *The Riordans*. She also had roles in the television series *Father Ted* and *Screen Two*. She made appearances in the movies *Ulysses* (1967) and *The Outsider* (1980).

Rowan was born in 1929. She was a keen poker and scrabble player.

Rowan died after a short illness on 10 August 2014 in Gormanston, Leinster. She was 85.

## References
## Other websites
*
Ulysses (1967 movie)

***Ulysses*** is a 1967 British-American drama movie loosely based on James Joyce's novel *Ulysses*. It concerns the meeting of two Irishmen, Leopold Bloom and Stephen Dedalus, in the Dublin of 1904.

It starred Milo O'Shea as Leopold Bloom, Barbara Jefford as Molly Bloom, Maurice Roëves as Stephen Dedalus, T. P. McKenna as Buck Mulligan and Sheila O'Sullivan as May Golding Dedalus. It was adapted by Fred Haines and Joseph Strick. It was directed by Strick. Haines and Strick shared an Oscar nomination for the screenplay.

## References
## Other websites
*
Barbara Jefford

**Barbara Jefford**, OBE (26 July 1930 &ndash; 12 September 2020) was a British Shakespearean actress. She was best known for her roles on stage with  the Royal Shakespeare Company, the Old Vic and the National Theatre. Internationally she was known for her role as Molly Bloom in the 1967 movie of James Joyce's *Ulysses*.

Jefford died on 12 September 2020 in Mousehole, England, aged 90.

## References
## Other websites
*
Hasse Andersson

**Hasse "Kvinnaböske" Andersson**, born 28 January 1948 in Malmö, Sweden, is a Swedish country singer and songwriter, scoring album chart successes in Sweden during the 1980s.

## References
## Other websites
* Official website
Legibility

. Most people find this difficult to read]]

**Legibility** is the degree to which writing can be seen and read. Each glyph (individual character) in text has a shape we recognize in reading. The complete set of letters and symbols in a design is called a font (or fount). The choice of font is therefore the first thing which affects legibility.

A second factor in legibility is the setting, the way the type is used in practice.  This includes line length, line spacing ("leading"), justification, typestyle, kerning, tracking, point size, etc.

## References
Chicago Picasso

The **Chicago Picasso** (often just *The Picasso*) is an untitled monumental sculpture by Pablo Picasso in Chicago, Illinois. The sculpture was dedicated on August 15, 1967 in Daley Plaza in the Chicago Loop. It is  tall and weighs . The Cubist sculpture by Picasso was the first such major public artwork in Downtown Chicago, and has become a well known landmark.

It is known for its inviting jungle gym-like characteristics. Visitors to Daley Plaza can often be seen climbing on and sliding down the base of the sculpture.

## References
## Other websites
Cairn Terrier

The **Cairn Terrier** is a breed of working dogs. It is one of the oldest terrier dog breeds.  It is a small terrier from the Scottish Highlands. The breed was used for hunting  among the cairns (a cairn is a  of stones in the Scottish Highlands).

Cairn Terriers have rough hair or fur that helps to protect the dog from water and .
The fur can be blue, red, sandy, gray, or brindle.  Pure black, and white are usually not permitted by breeding groups.
The Cairn Terrier's hair should not be cut with scissors.  The old hair is removed by pulling it by hand.  This is called hand-stripping. Removing the dead hair like this will let new hair .

## References
Robert R. McCormick

**Robert Rutherford "Colonel" McCormick** (July 30, 1880 &ndash; April 1, 1955) was an American businessman. He was a member of the McCormick family of  Chicago. He became owner and publisher of the *Chicago Tribune* newspaper.

## Further reading
* 
* 
* 
* "Citizen Soldier:  Colonel McCormick and the Battle for Cantigny" Panel Discussion  at the Pritzker Military Library on November 14, 2012
Erasmus Bridge

The **Erasmus Bridge** is a bridge in the city of Rotterdam. The bridge was the second bridge built over the Maas river. The bridge is named after Desiderius Erasmus who was born in Rotterdam. The bridge connects the northern and southern parts of Rotterdam. The bridge was designed by Ben van Berkel. Queen Beatrix opened the bridge in 1996. The bridge was used in events such as 2010 Tour de France, Rotterdam Marathon and The World Port Days.

## References
Meuse

The **Meuse** () is a river in Western Europe. The river starts in France, goes through Belgium and the Netherlands. It ends in the North Sea. The Meuse is fed mostly by rainwater.

## History
From 1301, the Meuse in the Netherlands was the western border of the Holy Roman Empire. In World War II, the Meuse was a goal for the Germans during the Battle of the Bulge.

## References
Baker Street (song)

**"Baker Street"** is a rock ballad. It was first done by Gerry Rafferty. The song was released in February 1978. It hit #2 on the *Billboard* Hot 100. It stayed at #2 for about six weeks.

The arrangement has a saxophone riff done by saxophonist Raphael Ravenscroft.

The song was named after Baker Street in London.
Westfield, Massachusetts

**Westfield** is a city in Hampden County, in the Pioneer Valley of western Massachusetts, United States. Westfield was first settled in 1660. It is part of the Springfield, Massachusetts Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 40,834 at the 2020 census.

## References
## Other websites
Jay Pritzker Pavilion

**Jay Pritzker Pavilion**, also known as **Pritzker Pavilion** or **Pritzker Music Pavilion**, is a bandshell in Millennium Park in the Loop community area of Chicago in Cook County, Illinois, United States. 

It is located on the south side of Randolph Street and east of the Chicago Landmark Historic Michigan Boulevard District. The pavilion was named after Jay Pritzker, whose family is known for owning Hyatt Hotels. The building was designed by architect Frank Gehry. The pavilion was constructed between June 1999 and July 2004, opening officially on July 16, 2004.

## References
## Other websites
*City of Chicago Millennium Park
Get Smart (movie)

***Get Smart*** is a 2008 American spy-fi action comedy movie directed by Peter Segal and produced by Charles Roven and Andrew Lazar. It stars Steve Carell as Maxwell Smart, Anne Hathaway as Agent 99, Dwayne Johnson as Agent 23, Alan Arkin as the Chief, with Bill Murray, Terence Stamp, and James Caan. It was composed by Trevor Rabin. It was released on June 20, 2008.  It was loosely based on the 20th century television show of the same name.  The TV show's creators, Mel Brooks and Buck Henry, are named in the credits.

Movie reviewer Roger Ebert said moviemakers had selected the right actors for the roles. He said the stunts, chases, and other technical issues were as good as in any James Bond film. He said the writers did a good job mixing jokes into the action sequences.

## References
Fernand St. Germain

**Fernand Joseph St. Germain** (January 9, 1928 – August 16, 2014) was an American politician. He served as a U.S. Representative from Rhode Island. He served as a representative from January 3, 1961 through January 3, 1989.

St. Germain died on August 16, 2014 at his home in Newport, Rhode Island, aged 86.

## References
Arad Productions

**Arad Productions Inc.** is a Canadian animation studio and production company. The studio was created by Avi Arad and Ari Arad. It was founded on May 31, 2006.

## Products
* *Pac-Man and the Ghostly Adventures* (2013-) (Co-produced with Bandai Namco Games & 41 Entertainment)
* *Metal Gear Solid* 
* *Robosapien: Rebooted* (2013 movie)
* [Bratz: The Movie](https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bratz_(film)) (2007 movie)

## Sources
Boleskine House

**Boleskine House** is a house on the south side of Loch Ness. It is in the Scottish Highlands.  It is best known for having been the home of two famous people. First was the writer and occultist Aleister Crowley. Then later, it was the home of Jimmy Page, the guitarist for Led Zeppelin.

The house was mostly burned down by fire in December 2015.  Boleskine House is a Category B listed building in the United Kingdom, along with the stables and a small lodge (cottage). This means it has historical and cultural importance.

## History 
Boleskine House is 21 miles south of Inverness and close to the village of Foyers.

## Aleister Crowley 
Crowley bought Boleskine House from the Archibald Fraser family in 1899.  There were rumors of him using black magic and rituals while he lived at the house.  The new Dutch owners, who are not known, were using it as a holiday home. It is now owned by the Boleskine House Foundation and will open to the public after it has been restored.

## Fire 
On the afternoon of 23 December 2015, a motorist passing by saw flames and smoke coming from Boleskine House. The fire was thought to have started in the kitchen, but no one was home.

## References 
### More reading 
*
*
*
*

## Other websites 
*Aleister Crowley at Boleskine House
*Boleskine House Foundation official website https://www.boleskinehouse.org
Uncle Buck

***Uncle Buck*** is a 1989 American comedy-drama movie. It was directed  by John Hughes. It stars John Candy and Amy Madigan, with Jean Louisa Kelly, Gaby Hoffmann, Macaulay Culkin, Jay Underwood, and Laurie Metcalf in supporting roles. It was released on August 16, 1989.

## Other websites
* 
* 
* 
* 
* 
* Uncle Buck at the 80s Movie Gateway
Pierre Vassiliu

]]
**Pierre Vassiliu** (23 October 1937 &ndash; 17 August 2014) was a French singer and songwriter. He was born in Geneva, Switzerland. His first song, ''Qui c'est celui-là'' (1973), sold more than 300,000 copies. He once sang with The Beatles in 1964.

Vassiliu died in Lyon, France, aged 76.

## References
## Other websites
* Biography (in French)
* Biography 
*
Josh Meyers

**Joshua Dylan "Josh" Meyers** (born January 8, 1976) is an American actor and comedian. He is known for being a cast member of the sketch comedy series *MADtv* and playing Randy Pearson in the eighth and final season of ''That '70s Show*. He is the younger brother of *Late Night'' host Seth Meyers. Meyers is Jewish.

## References
## Other websites
*
Danny Masterson

**Daniel Peter "Danny" Masterson** (born March 13, 1976) is an American former actor and convicted rapist. He is known for his role as Steven Hyde in ''That '70s Show''.

On June 17, 2020, Masterson was charged with raping a 23-year-old woman in 2001, a 28-year-old woman in early 2003 and a 23-year-old woman in late 2003. The three counts come after a three-year investigation beginning in 2017. On September 7, 2023, Masterson was convicted on two of three counts of rape and was sentenced to 30 years to life in prison.

## References
## Other websites
*