open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
43 BC

Year **43 BC** was either a common year starting on Sunday, Monday or Tuesday or a leap year starting on Sunday or Monday of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the **Year of the Consulship of Pansa and Hirtius**.

## Events
* Marcus Junius Brutus defeats Gaius Antonius at Dyrrachium
* The Senate declares Antony an enemy of the state
* Sextus Pompey becomes supreme commander of the Roman navy
* Gaius Octavian meets Antony and Lepidus in Bononia.  The three make an official five-year pact, the Second Triumvirate.
* Lugdunum (Lyon) is founded.

## Births 
* Publius Ovidius Naso (Ovid), Roman poet (d. 17/18)
* Princess Iotapa of Media

## Deaths 
* Porcia Catonis, wife of Marcus Junius Brutus (b. 70 BC)
* Cicero, Roman politician and author (b. 106 BC)
* Atia Balba Caesonia, niece of Julius Caesar and mother of Augustus (b. 85 BC)
* Decimus Brutus, Roman statesman (b. c. 85 BC)
* Publius Cornelius Dolabella, consul (b. 70 BC)
* Hirtius, Roman statesman (b. c. 90 BC)
* Quintus Tullius Cicero (b. 102 BC)
* Pansa, Roman statesman 
* Trebonius, assassin of Julius Caesar (b. c. 92 BC)
* Verres, corrupt praetor (b. c. 120 BC)
* Antipater the Idumaean
Poison (movie)

***Poison*** is a 1991 science fiction-horror drama movie written and directed by Todd Haynes. It has three different stories, inspired by the novels of Jean Genet. It was first shown at the Sundance Film Festival in 1991. *Poison* had a limited release in the United States.

This movie was rated NC-17 by the MPAA.
Power Rangers In Space

***Power Rangers in Space*** is a TV show *Power Rangers* started in 1998. It is based on the Super Sentai series *Denji Sentai Megaranger*. It is the sequel to *Power Rangers Turbo*. A sequel called to *Power Rangers Lost Galaxy* started in 1999.

## Plot
The Turbo Rangers head for space and meet Andros. He brings them the Astro Morphers and they become the space Power Rangers. They battle the evil Astronema and her monsters.

## Characters
## Cast
### Rangers
* Christopher Khayman Lee as Androd, the Red Space Ranger.
* Roger Velasco as Carlos Vallerte, the Black Space Ranger.
* Selwyn Ward as Theodore "TJ" Johnson, the Blue Space Ranger.
* Tracy Lynn Cruz as Ashley Hammond, the Yellow Space Ranger.
* Patricia Ja Lee as Cassie Chan, the Pink Space Ranger.
* Justin Nimmo as Zhane, the Silver Space Ranger.

### Supporting characters
* Paul Schrier as Farkas "Bulk" Bulkmeier.
* Jason Narvy as Eugene "Skull" Skullovitch.
* Jack Banning as Professor Phenomenus.
* Melody Perkins as Karone/Astronema.
* Blake Foster as Justin Stewart, the Blue Turbo Ranger.
* Johnny Yong Bosch as Adam Park, the second Mighty Morphin Black Ranger.

### Arsenal
#### Weapons
* Astro Morpher
* Digimorpher
* Battlizer Gauntlet:
** 1. Energy Punches / Chops
** 2. Laser Blast
** 3. Battlizer Armor
* Astro Blaster
* Spiral Saber: is the Red Space Ranger.
* Quadro Blaster: is the Black Space Ranger, Blue, Yellow & Pink.
** Astro Axe: is the Black Space Ranger.
** Lunar Lance: is the Blue Space Ranger.
** Star Slinger: is the Yellow Space Ranger.
** Satellite Stunner: is the Pink Space Ranger.
* Super Silverizer: is the Silver Space Ranger.
* Galaxy Glider
* Silver Cycle: is the Silver Space Ranger.
* Megatank
* Galactic Rover

### Zords
* Astro Delta Megazord
** Astro Megazord
*** Astro Megaship
*** Astro Megashuttle
** Delta Megaship / Megazord
* Winged Mega Voyager
** Mega Voyager
*** Mega V1 (*Robo Voyager*)
*** Mega V2 (*Shuttle Voyager*)
*** Mega V3 (*Rocket Voyager*)
*** Mega V4 (*Saucer Voyager*)
*** Mega V5 (*Tank Voyager*)
** Mega Winger

## References
Efrem Zimbalist Sr.

**Efrem Zimbalist, Sr.** (  February 22, 1985) was a Russian-American violinist, composer, teacher, and conductor. He was director of the Curtis Institute of Music. He was married to Alma Gluck. He was the father of actor Efrem Zimbalist, Jr.. 

Zimbalist, Sr. died at the age of 94 from natural causes.

## References
Solvang, California

**Solvang** is a city in Santa Barbara County, California. It was founded in 1884. It became a city in 1985. It had a population of 6,126 in 2020. Solvang means "sunny fields" in Danish. 
## References
Power Rangers Lightspeed Rescue

***Power Rangers Lightspeed Rescue***  is a TV show *Power Rangers* started in 2000. It is based on the Super Sentai series *Kyuukyuu Sentai GoGoFive*. It is the sequel to *Power Rangers Lost Galaxy*. A sequel to called *Power Rangers Time Force* started in 2001.

## Plot
Demons awaken. Five teens become the Power Rangers Lightspeed Rescue to fight the demons and get New Zords.

## Characters
## Cast
### Rangers
* Sean Cw Johnson as Carter Grayson, the Red Lightspeed Ranger.
* Michael Chaturantabut as Chad Lee, the Blue Lightspeed Ranger.
* Keith Robinson as Joel Rawlins, the Green Lightspeed Ranger.
* Sasha Williams as Kelsey Winslow, the Yellow Lightspeed Ranger.
* Alison Maclnnis as Dana Mitchell, the Pink Lightspeed Ranger.
* Rhett Fisher as Ryan Mitchell, the Titanium Ranger.

### Supporting characters
* Monica Louwerens as Ms. Angela Fairweather.
* Ron Rogge as Captain William Mitchell.
* **Galaxy Rangers**
** Danny Slavin as Leo Corbett, the Red Galaxy Ranger.
** Archie Kao as Kai Chen, the Blue Galaxy Ranger.
** Reggie Rolle as Damon Henderson, the Green Galaxy Ranger.
** Cerina Vincent as Maya, the Yellow Galaxy Ranger.
** Valerie Vernon as Kendrix Morgan, the Pink Galaxy Ranger.

### Villain
* Jennifer L. Yen as Vypra.

## References
Doctor Octopus

**Dr. Otto Gunther Octavius** (better known as **Doctor Octopus**, or **Doc Ock** for short) is a fictional character and an enemy of Spider-Man in Marvel Comics. The character was created by Stan Lee and Steve Ditko. 

He is a genius supervillain and former atomic scientist who can control four mechanical arms grafted onto his body. He is one of Spider-Man's arch-enemies (alongside Norman Osborn/Green Goblin and Venom), as well as one of his earliest, first appearing in *The Amazing Spider-Man* #3. He was the main antagonist of the storylines *If This Be My Destiny*, *Master Planner*, and *Ends of the Earth*. He appears as the titular protagonist of *Superior Spider-Man* and one of the main protagonists of both the *Spider-Verse* and *Spider-Geddon* storylines. 

## Adaptations 
He was voiced by Efrem Zimbalist, Jr. in the 1990s television series *Spider Man*. He was also played by Alfred Molina in *Spider-Man 2* (2004) and in *Spider-Man: No Way Home* (2021).
48 BC

Year **48 BC** was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. At the time, it was known as the **Year of the Consulship of Caesar and  Vatia**.

## Events
* Caesar besieges Pompey
* Pompey the Great is assassinated on orders of King Ptolemy of Egypt 
* Library of Alexandria burned by accident in battle
* Yuan becomes emperor of the Han Dynasty

## Births 
* Lucius Calpurnius Piso, consul under Caesar Augustus (d. AD 32)
* Consort Ban, Chinese concubine of Emperor Cheng of Han, also a female poet and scholar (d. 6 BC)

## Deaths 
* Pompey, Roman politician (b. 106 BC)
* Titus Annius Milo, Roman politician
49 BC

Year **49 BC** was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. At the time, it was known as the **Year of the Consulship of Lentulus and Marcellus**.

## Events
* The Great Roman Civil War begins

## Deaths 
* Xuan, emperor of the Chinese Han Dynasty (b. 91 BC)
* Zheng Ji, general during the Han Dynasty
The F.B.I. (TV series)

***The F.B.I.*** was an American crime television series. It stars Efrem Zimbalist, Jr., Philip Abbott, William Reynolds, Stephen Brooks, and Lynn Loring. It ran from September 1965 to September 1974.

## Other websites 
*
Father of the Bride (1950 movie)

***Father of the Bride*** is a 1950 American comedy movie. It was directed by Vincente Minnelli. It stars Spencer Tracy, Elizabeth Taylor, Joan Bennett, Don Taylor, Billie Burke, and Leo G. Caroll. It was released on June 16, 1950.

## References
## Other websites
* 
* 
* 
*
Alma Gluck

**Alma Gluck** (May 11, 1884October 27, 1938) was a Romanian-American soprano. She was one of the world's most famous female singers at the peak of her career, around 1910. She was married to violinist Efrem Zimbalist, Sr.. She was the mother of actor Efrem Zimbalist, Jr.. Gluck was born in Iași, Romania.

Gluck died in New York City from liver failure, aged 54.

## References
50 BC

Year **50 BC** was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. At the time, it was known as the **Year of the Consulship of Paullus and Marcellus**.

## Events
* The Senate demands that Julius Caesar ends his command
* The Roman Republic takes control over Judea

## Deaths 
* Aristobulus II, king of Judea
* Quintus Hortensius, Roman orator and advocate (b. 114 BC)

## In fiction 
* The Asterix comic books all take place in this year
Father's Little Dividend

'''''Father's Little Dividend'''* is a 1951 American comedy movie and the sequel to *Father of the Bride''. It was directed by Vincente Minnelli, and starring Spencer Tracy, Joan Bennett, Elizabeth Taylor and Don Taylor.
Ezer Weizman

**Ezer Weizman**  (, 15 June 1924 – 24 April 2005) was the seventh President of Israel. He was first elected in 1993 and re-elected in 1998. Before the presidency, Weizman was commander of the Israeli Air Force and Minister of Defense.

## References
## Other websites
47 BC

Year **47 BC** was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. In this year Julius Caesar was Dictator of the Roman Republic.

## Events 
* Caesar stops a mutiny 
* Caesar invades Africa
* Cleopatra VII promotes her younger brother Ptolemy XIV of Egypt to co-ruler
* Julius Caesar and his ally Cleopatra VII of Egypt defeat the forces of the rival Egyptian Queen Arsinoe IV
* Caesar defeats Pharnaces II of Pontus, king of the Bosporus, in the Battle of Zela
* Feng Yuan becomes consort to Emperor Yuan of the Han Dynasty

## Births 
* Prince Caesarion of Egypt, later Pharaoh Ptolemy XV (d. 30 BC)

## Deaths 
* Ptolemy XIII Theos Philopator, Pharaoh of Egypt (b. 62 or 61 BC)
51 BC

Year **51 BC** was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. At the time, it was known as the **Year of the Consulship of Marcellus and Sulpicius**.

## Events
* Pompey demands that Julius Caesar end his command 
* Cleopatra VII and her younger brother Ptolemy XIII begin co-rule of Egypt
* The Hsiung-nu split into two hordes

## Births 
* Publius Sulpicius Quirinius, Roman governor of Syria (d. 21 AD)
* Cheng, Emperor of the Han Dynasty of China (d. 7 BC)

## Deaths 
* Pharaoh Ptolemy XII of Egypt (b. 117 BC)
* Posidonius of Apamea, Greek philosopher, astronomer, geographer (b. c. 135 BC)
Borgomanero

**Borgomanero** is a *comune* (municipality) in the Province of Novara in the Italian region Piedmont. It is about  northwest of Milan, about  northwest of Novara and not far from the border between Lombardy and Piedmont

Borgomanero borders the following municipalities: Bogogno, Briga Novarese, Cressa, Cureggio, Fontaneto d'Agogna, Gargallo, Gattico, Gozzano, Invorio, Maggiora, Veruno.

## Twin towns
* Digne-les-Bains, France
* Bad Mergentheim, Germany

## References
## Other websites
* Official website
Richard Taylor (Confederate general)

**Richard Taylor** (January 27, 1826 – April 12, 1879) was an American plantation owner, politician and Confederate general in the American Civil War. He was born in 1826 in Kentucky. His father was Zachary Taylor, who was a U.S. general and later a U.S. president. Richard Taylor graduated from Yale University in 1845. When his father died in 1851, he inherited a sugar cane plantation in Louisiana.

When the Civil War started, he became colonel of the 9th Louisiana Infantry. He fought in Virginia. He became a brigadier general in October 1861. In July 1862, he became a major general. After that, he was made the commander of the District of West Louisiana. He fought against several Union armies trying to invade western Louisiana, including during the Red River Campaign in 1864.

While he was in western Louisiana, Taylor often disagreed with Edmund Kirby Smith. Smith commanded the Confederates west of the Mississippi River. Because they disagreed so often, Taylor was sent east of the Mississippi in April 1864. He commanded Confederates in Mississippi and Alabama until the end of the war in May 1865.

Taylor died on  April 12, 1879 in New York City.

## References
Modesto, California

displays the city's motto: "Water Wealth Contentment Health."]]
**Modesto** (Spanish for "modest") is the county seat and largest city in Stanislaus County, California, United States. As of 2020, 218,464 people lived in Modesto.

Modesto is in the Central Valley. It is on the Tuolumne River and near the Stanislaus River.

The nation's largest winery, E & J Gallo Winery, is in Modesto.

Modesto is the 18th largest city in California, and the 103rd largest city in the United States.

## Environment 
Modesto has been honored as a Tree City USA many times. However, Modesto was named one of the most polluted cities in the U.S. in 2010.

## Notable people 
* Jack Angel, voice actor.
* Sonny Barger, Oakland chapter founder of the Hells Angels Motorcycle Club.
* Carol Channing, Tony Award-winning actress and singer.
* George Lucas, film director, producer, and screenwriter.
* James Marsters, actor.
* Timothy Olyphant, actor
* Jeremy Renner, actor.
* Royal Robbins, famous rock climber.
* Mark Spitz, Olympic gold medalist.

## References
A Million Ways to Die in the West

***A Million Ways to Die in the West*** is a 2014 American western-comedy movie, starring Seth MacFarlane, Charlize Theron, Amanda Seyfried, Neil Patrick Harris, Giovanni Ribisi, Sarah Silverman and Liam Neeson.

## Synopisis
After losing his girlfriend who is in love with the mustache owner, a sheep herder befriends the wife of an infamous bounty hunter in 1882 Arizona.
Source (game engine)

The **Source** engine is a video game engine created by a company called Valve Corporation. The engine made its first appearance in 2004 with a game called Half-Life: Source, and was also included in Half-Life 2. Source has been worked on since that date, and is included in many of Valve's games.

Source is meant to power first person shooter video games, but has also been used to create other types of video games as well.

## Features 
### Source SDK 
Source SDK is a toolset used for Source engine. It has tools such as Hammer Editor, Model Viewer, and Face Poser.

### Source Dedicated Server 
Source Dedicated Server is used to run multiplayer game sessions. It can work on Windows and Linux.

### Valve Developer Community 
In 2005, Valve launched a website called Valve Developer Community. It is a wiki about how to use the Source engine.
## Criticism 
### Source SDK 
The Source SDK has been criticized for being out of date and hard to use.

### Origins 
The Source engine originated from the GoldSrc, which was a changed version of John D. Carmack's Quake engine. Carmack said on his blog in 2004 that there's "still bits of Quake code in Half-Life 2".

Valve worker Erik Johnson explains the origins of the GoldSrc engine on the Valve Developer Community:

The Source engine then continued to replace the GoldSrc engine, until Source was mostly used at Valve.

## References
Jim Oberstar

**James Louis "Jim" Oberstar** (September 10, 1934 – May 3, 2014) was an American politician. He served in the United States House of Representatives from 1975 to 2011. He represented Minnesota's 8th district. He was a member of the Democratic Party. Oberstar was born in Chisholm, Minnesota.

Oberstar lived with his wife, Jean, in Potomac, Maryland, a suburb of Washington, D.C.. He also lived in his boyhood home in Chisholm, Minnesota. He died in his sleep at his home in Potomac on May 3, 2014, aged 79.

## References
Žarko Petan

**Žarko Petan** (27 March 1929 – 2 May 2014) was a Slovenian writer, essayist, screenwriter, and theatre and movie director. He is known as a writer of aphorisms. His career began in 1950. He wrote over 100 essays and novels. Between 1992 and 1994, he served as Director General of the Slovenian National Radio and Television Broadcast. Petan was born in Ljubljana, Slovenia.

Petan died on 2 May 2014 at the age of 85.

## References
Samuel Adams (beer)

**Samuel Adams** is an American brand of beer. It is brewed by the Boston Beer Company () and its associated contract brewers.  The company was founded in 1984 by Jim Koch, Harry M. Rubin, and Lorenzo Lamadrid in Boston, Massachusetts. The brand name of Samuel Adams (often abbreviated to Sam Adams, even in advertisements), was chosen in honor of Samuel Adams, an American patriot. Samuel Adams was famous for his role in the American Revolution and the Boston Tea Party. According to tradition, he was also a maltster. However, James Koch, founder of the Boston Beer Company, reports having seen a receipt for hops signed by Samuel Adams. This seems to indicate the patriot Adams may have done some brewing. Based on sales in 2011, the Boston Beer Company is tied with Yuengling for the largest American-owned beer-maker.

## References
Eastern Theater of the American Civil War

The **Eastern Theater** of the American Civil War included the U.S. states of Virginia, West Virginia, Maryland, Pennsylvania, the District of Columbia and the coastal seaports and fortifications of North Carolina. There were many battles fought in this area, especially in northern and eastern Virginia. Several battles were fought between the Union Army of the Potomac and Confederate Army of Northern Virginia. There was so much fighting in Virginia because the Confederate capital was at Richmond, Virginia.

The Eastern Theatre was the scene of several key battles. These included the First Battle of Bull Run, the bloody Battle of Antietam and the greatest battle, the Battle of Gettysburg. Only 100 miles separated the two capital cities, Washington, D.C. the Union capital and the Confederate capital at Richmond, Virginia. Between the two lay the Shenandoah Valley, a natural corridor that could hide entire armies. 

## Principal commanders of the eastern theater
## Background 
After the fall of Fort Sumter in April 1861, both sides scrambled to create armies. President Abraham Lincoln issued a call for 75,000 s to suppress the rebellion. This immediately caused the secession of four additional states, including Virginia. The United States Army had only around 16,000 men, with more than half spread out in the West. The army was commanded by the elderly Lt. Gen. Winfield Scott, veteran of the War of 1812 and the Mexican-American War. On the Confederate side, only a handful of federal officers and men resigned and joined the Confederacy. The formation of the Confederate States Army was a matter initially undertaken by the individual states.

## Major campaigns and battles 
## References 
## Other websites 
* The Civil War in Four Minutes: War in the East, Civil War Trust; YouTube
* Eastern Theater Battles; YouTube
Corona, California

**Corona** is a city in Riverside County, California. It has a population of 157,136 as of 2020. It is near Yorba Linda, California.

## References
Canton of Grevenmacher

**Grevenmacher** () is a canton in Luxembourg.  Its capital is Grevenmacher.

## Geography
With an area of , and a population (2017) of 29,525, the Grevenmacher canton has a population density of  inhabitants/km².

It is bordered on the north by the Echternach canton, on the east by the German district of Trier-Saarburg (part of the *Land* of Rhineland-Palatinate), on the south by the Remich canton, and on the west by the Luxembourg district.

## Communes
The Grevenmacher canton consists of the following 8 communes (2017 population).
#Betzdorf (3,810)
#Biwer (1,813)
#Flaxweiler (2,060)
#Grevenmacher (4,923)
#Junglinster (7,537)
#Manternach (2,068)
#Mertert (4,530)
#Wormeldange (2,784)

## Gallery

File:Gemeng Biwer Luxembourg 2012-08.JPG|Town hall of Biwer
File:GuedberEech01.jpg|Oak tree in Godbrange, Junglinster
File:Tumulus Flaxweiler.jpg|Tumulus in Flaxweiler

## Related pages
* Cantons of Luxembourg
* Districts of Luxembourg (all former)
* List of cities in Luxembourg

## References
Zhané

**Zhané** (pronounced jah-nay) was an American R&B-soul group. The group was known for several major songs, like "Groove Thang", "Hey Mr DJ" and "Sending My Love". The group was part of Queen Latifah's Flavor Unit collective.

The group broke up during the late 1990s.

File:Renee Neufville w RH Factor Live in Marseille -2.jpg|Renee Neufville 2009
File:Jean Baylor-1030672.jpg|Jean Baylor 2015

## Other websites
* Jean Baylor Official Site
*
Second inauguration of Lyndon B. Johnson

The **second inauguration of Lyndon B. Johnson** as the 36th president of the United States was held on January 20, 1965.

The inauguration was the start of the second term (and first full four-year term) of Lyndon B. Johnson as president and the only term of Hubert Humphrey as Vice President. Chief Justice Earl Warren gave the oath of office. Lady Bird Johnson started the tradition of First Ladies taking part in the event by holding the President's Bible.

About 1.2 million people attended the inauguration. At the time, that was the most people at any event held at the National Mall. This was the last time an inauguration was covered by newsreels.

## Related pages
* United States presidential election, 1964

## References
## Other websites
*
Japanese idol

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An  in the Japanese pop culture is a young media personality (a singer, an actor, a model, etc.). This is usually a teenager, who has a cute and innocent public image. Idols are a separate category of Japanese artists.

The term is commercialized by Japanese talent agents. The talent agencies hold auditions for cute boys and girls and make them stars. Idols are intended to be an ideal object of love of frenzied fans. There is also a view that the Japanese people see idols as sisters or girls next door.

Japanese idol singers work across genres of the Japanese pop music. This is usually whatever is most popular at the moment. Their songs do not require great singing skills, but the artist must be beautiful, sweet and nice to sing them. In their everyday life, idols must also match the songs they sing. They must have a perfect public image and be good examples to young people.

## History 
The phenomenon appeared in the early 1970s. It was thanks to the popularity of young French actress Sylvie Vartan and the movie she played in called ''Cherchez l'idole* ("Look for the Idol"). The movie came out in Japan in November 1964 under the title *Aidoru o Sagase''. The term "idol" started being used for girls, mostly between 14 and 16, who were just beginning their path to stardom or for very young new stars.

## Selective list of Japanese idol music groups 
This is a selective list of Japanese idol music groups, divided by projects or talent agencies.
* AKB48
* Stardust Promotion (talent agency)
** Momoiro Clover Z
** Shiritsu Ebisu Chugaku
** Takoyaki Rainbow
* Hello! Project (project)
** Morning Musume
** °C-ute
** Berryz Kobo
** S/mileage
** Juice=Juice
** Buono!
* Fairies
* 9nine
* Sakura Gakuin

## References 
## Other websites 
* 10 Kawaii Japanese Female Idol Groups
The Protopopovs

**Oleg Protopopov** (1932&ndash;2023) and **Ludmila Belousova** (1935&ndash;2017) (often called "**The Protopopovs**") were Russian figure skaters. They skated for the Soviet Union. They won Olympic gold medals in 1964 and 1968. They won the World Figure Skating Championships every year from 1965 to 1968.

In 1979, Protopopov and Belousova  to Switzerland. They became Swiss citizens in 1995. They continued to skate at ice shows and skating exhibitions through their seventies.

## Career
Protopopov and Belousova met in Moscow in 1954. They trained in Leningrad.
They competed internationally for the Soviet Union. Their first coach was Igor Moskvin. Their second coach was Petr Orlov. After some disagreements, they left Orlov. In 1961, they decided to work with Stanislav Zhuk to raise their technical difficulty.

## Personal life 
Belousova and Protopopov married in December 1957. They are usually called "The Protopopovs", even though Belousova kept her maiden name after their marriage.

On 24 September 1979, Belousova and Protopopov defected to Switzerland while on tour. They applied for political asylum. They settled in Grindelwald. They became Swiss citizens in 1995. Switzerland is still their winter home. Their summer home and training center is in Lake Placid, New York. On 25 February 2003, they went back to Russia for the first time. They were invited by Vyacheslav Fetisov, the Russian Minister of Sport. Protopopov died on 3 November 2023 at the age of 91.

## Competitive highlights 
## References
Elena Baltacha

**Elena Sergeevna Baltacha** (14 August 1983 – 4 May 2014) was a British professional tennis player.

Baltacha was born in Kiev, Ukrainian SSR, Soviet Union to Olga and Sergei Pavlovich Baltacha. Her brother is Sergei Baltacha, Jr. She moved to the United Kingdom in 1989.

She was British No. 1 intermittently from 2002 to 2012. However, due to her absence from competition, due to knee surgery, she dropped down the world rankings and at the time of her retirement, on 18 November 2013, she was ranked as the world No. 221 and British No. 6. She was a four-time winner of the Aegon Award.

Baltacha was diagnosed with liver cancer in January 2014. She died of the disease three months later, aged 30.

## References
## Other websites
Newington Butts

**Newington Butts** is a former village, now an area of south London. It is most famous as the location of the Newington Butts Theatre in the late 1500s. Some of the first performances of plays such as *Hamlet*, *Titus Andronicus* and *The Taming of a Shrew* happened there. It probably gets its name from an archery butts, or practice field. It is also the birthplace of the physicist Michael Faraday.

## References
Regina Belle

**Regina Belle** (born July 17, 1963) is an African American singer-songwriter and musician. She performed the award-winning "A Whole New World". She also did "I Can't Imagine".

Belle was born in Englewood, New Jersey.

## References
Tatiana Samoilova

**Tatiana Yevgenyevna Samoilova** (; 4 May 1934 – 4 May 2014) was a Soviet and Russian movie actress. She starred in *The Cranes Are Flying* (1957), *The Unsent Letter* (1959) and *Anna Karenina* (1967). 

Samoilova's career began in 1955. She starred in over 50 Russian movies. She retired in 2008. Samoilova was born in Leningrad, Russia SFSR, Soviet Union.

On 3 May 2014, the eve of her 80th birthday, Samoilova was taken to hospital in Moscow. She had a serious condition with coronary heart disease and hypertension. She died, two days later on 4 May 2014.

## References
## Other websites
*
List of highest-grossing Telugu movies

Telugu cinema, consisting primarily of movies in the  Telugu language in the Indian states of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana. It is popularly called as Tollywood. It is one of the largest movie production centers in India. 1992 film Gharana Mogudu, directed by K. Raghavendra Rao, is the first Telugu film to gross over  10 crore at the box office.

The following is the list of highest grossing Telugu films (including dubbed versions) based on world wide collections (gross and distributors share).

*Background color* &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *indicates movies playing on  in theaters around the world*

NOTE: Since Tollywood collection figures have no certain sources, figures are provided on the basis of many sources. Though figures contradicted with some reliable sources in some cases, figures which are cited in most sources are only included.

## Worldwide Collections 
### Gross Collections 
### Share Collections 
The worldwide distributor share figures are given here after adding dubbed versions of Tollywood movies. The distributor shares are net gross [worldwide gross (total tickets sold x ticket rate)-GST] minus theater rentals. The theater rentals vary. Multiplexes give 50% in week one, 42.5% in week two, 37.5% in week three and 30% thereafter to the distributor.

## Top grossers by year 
## USA collections 
The USA gross figures of Top-20 tollywood movies are given here.

## Records 
### Highest grossing(share) movies by month 
### Biggest opening day 
### Biggest opening week 
## Notes 
## References
Gary Becker

**Gary Stanley Becker** (December 2, 1930 ~ May 3, 2014) was an American economist. He was a professor of economics and sociology at the University of Chicago and a professor at the Booth School of Business. He won the Nobel Prize in Economics in 1992 and received the United States Presidential Medal of Freedom in 2007. 

Becker was one of the first economists to study topics that were usually researched in sociology. He studied family organization in new and interesting ways. He studied racial discrimination, crime, and rational addiction. He said that many different types of human behavior that seem self-destructive or irrational can be seen as rational and utility-maximizing. He also studied altruism in human behavior. He showed that sometimes altruism was really to help oneself. He was a strong supporter of studying human capital. According to Milton Friedman, he was "the greatest social scientist who has lived and worked" in the second part of the twentieth century.

Becker was born in Pottsville, Pennsylvania. Gary Becker died in Chicago, Illinois from complications of ulcer surgery, aged 83.

## References
## Other websites
Monty Alexander

**Monty Alexander** (born **Montgomery Bernard Alexander**; June 6, 1944) is a jazz pianist, who also plays the melodica. His career began in 1958. 

He was born in Kingston, Jamaica, but was raised in Miami, Florida. He was married to musician Emily Remler, but their marriage ended in divorce.

## References
## Other websites
Yuengling

**D. G. Yuengling & Son** is the oldest operating brewing company in the United States. It was started in 1829. It is one of the largest breweries by volume in the country. Based on sales in 2011, Yuengling was tied with the Boston Beer Company, maker of Samuel Adams brands, as the largest producer of beer in the United States. Yuengling's headquarters are in Pottsville, Pennsylvania.  Yuengling produces about 2.5 million barrels of beer a year. They operate two breweries in Pennsylvania and one in Tampa, Florida.

Yuengling is pronounced /ˈjʏŋlɪŋ/ , and is an Anglicized version of *Jüngling*, its founder's surname and the German term for "young man".

## References
Stacy Lattisaw

**Stacy Lattisaw** (born November 25, 1966) is an American R&B and gospel singer. Since the 1990s, she has performed only gospel music.

Lattisaw's major singles include "Love on a Two-Way Street" and 1989's "Where Do We Go from Here".

Lattisaw was born in Washington, D.C..

## References
Robert Aumann

**Robert John Aumann** (Hebrew name: , *Yisrael Aumann*; born June 8, 1930) is an Israeli-American mathematician and economist. He is a member of the United States National Academy of Sciences. 
He is specialized in mathematical economics and game theory. Aumann won the Nobel Prize in Economics in 2005 for his work on conflict through game-theory analysis. He shared the prize with Thomas Schelling.

He was elected a member of the Academia Europaea in 2020.

## References
## Other websites
Lossy compression

**Lossy compression** is a form of data compression where parts of the data are lost in the process. When a compressed data is returned to normal some data is lost. Lossy compression is used to greatly reduce the size of a computer file when it is stored, handled, or transmitted. As an example, JPEG is a lossy compression format. GIF and PNG are lossless compression systems. Other lossy compression systems are MP3 for sound files and WMV for video. If a file were to be compressed too much, it would cause the file to be noticeably lower in quality.

## References
Heather Thomas

**Heather Thomas** (born September 8, 1957) is an American actress and writer. She is also a political activist. She co-starred as Judy Banks on *The Fall Guy*.

Thomas was born in Greenwich, Connecticut.

## References
## Other websites 
*
Dick Ayers

**Richard Bache** "**Dick**" **Ayers** (April 28, 1924 &ndash; May 4, 2014) was an American comic book artist and cartoonist. He was best known for his work as one of Jack Kirby's inkers during the Silver Age of Comics period in the late-1950s and 1960s. He worked on some of the earliest issues of Marvel Comics' *The Fantastic Four*. He was born in Ossining, New York.

Ayers died on May 4, 2014 in White Plains, New York, aged 90.

## References
## Other websites
* 
*
Laurie Strode

**Laurie Strode** is a fictional character in the *Halloween* movies. The first movie she was in was the 1978 movie. She is an example of the "final girl" character, the last girl alive to fight the killer in a movie.

Jamie Lee Curtis was the first actress to play Laurie Strode.
Palaeothere

**Palaeotheres** are an extinct group of herbivorous mammals. They are related to tapirs and rhinoceros, and probably ancestral to horses. They ranged across Europe and Asia during the Eocene and Oligocene 5528 million years ago.

They were small to medium-sized. They lived in dense forests. They ate soft leaves, shoots, berries, and leaf matter picked up from the forest floor.

Genera:
* *Palaeotherium*
* *Hyracotherium*
* *Anchilophus*
* *Lophiotherium*
* *Propachynolophus*
Our Lady of Lourdes

**Our Lady of Lourdes** is a name for the Virgin Mary recalling Marian apparitions near Lourdes, France.  The first appearance was on 11 February 1858. It was seen by Bernadette Soubirous, 14 years old, made saint by the Catholic Church in 1933. "Our Lady" was standing in a niche above the main cavity of the Massabielle grotto. Seventeen more appearances were reported that year. In the course of the apparitions, our Lady instructed Bernadette to go in the nearby ground; a spring with healing properties flowed, still active today. After detailed investigation, the apparitions were approved for devotion by the Catholic Church. 

Following a request of the Virgin Mary to Bernadette, a chapel at the grotto was built. Subsequently, due to the great increase of people visiting the chapel following the apparitions, a shrine was also built becoming a popular place of pilgrimage and prayer.

During the years, many miraculous healings have been recognized by the Catholic Church, with the support of medical consultation; a large group of physicians was permanently established in the site to provide continuous advice. Also, many conversions are reported.

The statue of the Lady of Lourdes with a white veil, a white robe with a blue ribbon and at the feet two golden roses, holding a crown of the Holy Rosary prayer, is a representation of the Virgin Mary as described by Saint Bernadette.

The feast day of Our Lady of Lourdes is February 11. 

## References
Helga Königsdorf

**Helga Königsdorf** (**Helga Bunke**; July 13, 1938 – May 4, 2014) was a German author and physicist. Her writings helped women's rights in Germany during the 1970s and 1980s. She worked with Christa Wolf, Brigitte Reimann and Maxie Wander. She retired in 1990. Königsdorf was born in Gera, Germany.

Königsdorf died in Berlin, Germany from Parkinson's disease, aged 75.

## References
Eduardo Mac Entyre

**Eduardo Mac Entyre** (20 February 1929 – 5 May 2014) was an Argentine artist. He was known for his geometric paintings. Mac Entyre has also created a body of more traditional Abstract, Cubist and Figurative art. 

He was honored by the Organization of American States in 1986 for his works to Modern art in Latin America and his work is widely displayed in Argentina and elsewhere. He was born in Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Entyre died in Buenos Aires, Argentina, aged 85.

## References
Division of Herbert

The **Division of Herbert** is an Australian Electoral Division in Queensland. It was one of the 75 divisions set up for the first federal election in 1901. It is in northern Queensland, and is named after Sir Robert Herbert, the first Premier of Queensland (1859–1866). In 1901 the division covered an area from Mackay to the Torres Strait, but today it only covers an area around the city of Townsville, as well as some nearby islands, including Magnetic Island, Orpheus Island and Palm Island. 

## Members
## Election results
## References 
## Other websites
* Division of Herbert (Qld) &mdash; Australian Electoral Commission
* Ewen Jones' website
Billy Frank Jr.

**Billy Frank, Jr.** (March 9, 1931 – May 5, 2014) was a Native American environmental leader and treaty rights activist. Frank is known for his grassroots campaign for fishing rights on the tribe’s Nisqually River in Washington. He was mostly active during the 1960s and 1970s. He helped keep natural resources in the state. He was born in Nisqually, Washington.

Frank died on May 5, 2014, aged 83.

## References
Butler Derrick

**Butler Carson Derrick, Jr. ** (September 30, 1936 – May 5, 2014) was an American politician. He was a U.S. Representative from South Carolina. Derrick was a representative for South Carolina's 3rd district. He served from 1975 to 1995. He was succeeded by Lindsey Graham. Derrick was a member of the Democratic Party. He was born in Springfield, Massachusetts.

Derrick died in Easley, South Carolina from cancer, aged 77.

## References
Otto Carius

**Otto Carius** (27 May 1922 &ndash; 24 January 2015) was a German former Nazi tank commander. He destroyed over 150 foreign tanks. He received the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves. After the war, Carius worked as a pharmacist. He also wrote books about his experiences during the war.

Carius was born in Zweibrücken, Weimar Germany. He died from a short illness in Herschweiler-Pettersheim, Germany, aged 92.

## References
## Other websites
Keith Harvey Miller

**Keith Harvey Miller** (March 1, 1925 &ndash; March 2, 2019) was a Republican politician from Alaska. He was the second Secretary of State of Alaska, under Governor Walter Hickel. When Hickel resigned in 1969, Miller became Governor. He was governor until December 5, 1970.

Miller died from pancreatic cancer while in hospice in Anchorage a day after his 94th birthday on March 2, 2019.

## References
Satellite state

A **satellite state** is an officially independent country that is strongly influenced or controlled by another country. 
Unlike puppet states, satellite states are generally internationally recognized by most countries, as most of them were already independent countries, which later came under the influence of more powerful countries. Examples of satellite states include the Warsaw Pact countries which were called Soviet satellite states, because they were influenced by the Soviet Union. Belarus is currently a satellite state of Russia.

## Related pages 
* Puppet state
*Client state

## References
Wil Albeda

**Willem (Wil) Albeda** (13 June 1925 - 6 May 2014) was a Dutch politician. From 1966, he was member and from 1973 chairman of the Anti-Revolutionary Party group in the Senate. He was Minister of Social Affairs in the first cabinet Van Agt. After this he returned to the Senate. He later became chairman of the Scientific Council for Government Policy.

Albeda was born in Rotterdam. He died in Maastricht, aged 88.

## References
## Other websites
* Bio at Parlement.com
Toba catastrophe

of a supervolcano]]

The **Toba catastrophe** was the largest volcanic eruption in the last 2.6 million years. It is called a  because its effects may have damaged the human species.

## The eruption 
Lake Toba in Sumatra, Indonesia, is the site of a supervolcanic eruption that occurred 73,000 (±4000 years) years ago.
It was a climate-changing event. The eruption was two orders of magnitude (= x100) larger than the largest known historic eruption, that of Tambora, also in Indonesia.

## Consequences 
The eruption of Toba led to a volcanic winter with a worldwide decline in temperatures between 3-5 degrees C, and up to 15 degrees C in higher latitudes.

According to the theory, only 10,000 (perhaps only 1,000) pairs of humans survived the disaster. Perhaps it led to the other hominids becoming extinct, though the Neanderthals certainly survived in Eurasia.

There is no direct evidence that the theory is correct. And there is no evidence for any other animal decline or extinction, even in environmentally sensitive species. There is evidence that human habitation continued in India after the eruption. The theory in its strongest form seems to be incorrect.

## References
Fangbone

***Fangbone*** Aventuras Cavernícolas is a Canadian animated television series. It is produced by Radical Sheep Productions and distributed by Disney XD Canada. The series is based on the New York Times best-selling comic books by Michael Rex. The first episode aired in March 2016. The last episode was in January 2017. 

The series' pilot first aired in Canada. It won numerous awards including Best One-Off Or Special from the 2015 Kidscreen Awards, Best Animated Writing from the 2015 Writer's Guild Of Canada Awards, and Best TV Show Ages 9-14 from the 2015 Youth Media Alliance Awards. It was also nominated for Best Animated Series at the 2015 Canadian Screen Awards. 

## Plot
Fangbone is a nine-year-old barbarian warrior from Skullbania. He has landed in Eastwood Elementary's third grade class to save his native land from the villain, Venomous Drool. With the help of his new friend Bill, a lovable, normal, goofy kid, Fangbone beats his enemies while discovering the modern world.

## Broadcast
A pilot for the series premiered on Disney XD Canada in 2014. Soon after, production began on a first season. This first aired in March 2016 in North America. 

## References
Bill Sheffield

**William Jennings Sheffield, Jr.** (June 26, 1928 – November 4, 2022) was an American Democratic politician. He was the fifth Governor of Alaska from 1982 to 1986. Sheffield's term as governor was marked by controversy including attempts to have him impeached. He was born in Spokane, Washington. He died at his Anchorage home on November 4, 2022. He was 94.

## References
## Other websites
Frank Murkowski

**Frank Hughes Murkowski** (; born March 28, 1933) is an American politician. He is a member of the Republican Party. He was a United States Senator from Alaska from 1981 until 2002. He was the eighth Governor of Alaska, from 2002 until 2006. His daughter is U.S. Senator Lisa Murkowski.

## References
## Other websites
Arne Carlson

**Arne Helge Carlson, Sr.** (born September 24, 1934) is an American politician. He was the 37th Governor of Minnesota, from 1991 to 1999. He was a member of the Republican Party. Carlson was born in New York City, New York.

## References
Al Quie

**Albert Harold "Al" Quie** (September 18, 1923 &ndash; August 18, 2023) was an American politician. He was the 35th Governor of Minnesota, from January 4, 1979 to January 3, 1983. Quie was born in Dennison, Minnesota. From 1958 until 1979, he was a member of the United States House of Representatives.

Quie died on August 18, 2023, at his home in Wayzata, Minnesota, one month before his 100th birthday.

## References
Wendell R. Anderson

**Wendell Richard Anderson** (February 1, 1933 &ndash; July 17, 2016) was an American politician. He was the 33rd Governor of Minnesota from January 4, 1971 to December 29, 1976. In late 1976, he resigned to be named U.S. Senator. He replaced Senator Walter Mondale, who had been elected Vice President of the United States. Anderson was in the U.S. Senate from December 30, 1976 until December 29, 1978. He was a member of the Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party.

Anderson died on July 17, 2016 from pneumonia in St. Paul, Minnesota, aged 83.

## References
## Other websites
Winfield Dunn

**Bryant Winfield Culberson Dunn** (July 1, 1927 &ndash; September 28, 2024) was an American politician, dentist, and medical industry official. He was Governor of Tennessee from 1971 to 1975. He was the state's first Republican governor in fifty years, and was the sixth one since the Civil War.

Dunn ran for a second term in 1986. He lost to Ned McWherter. He remained active in the Republican Party and the medical field after his term as governor.

Dunn was born in Meridian, Mississippi.

Dunn died on September 28, 2024 from natural causes at his home in Nashville, Tennessee at the age of 97.

## References
## Other websites
*Governor Winfield Dunn &ndash; entry at the National Governors Association
*Governor Winfield Dunn Papers (finding aid)  &ndash; Tennessee State Library and Archives
*Portrait painting of Governor Dunn  &ndash; Tennessee Portrait Project
*Portrait photograph of Governor Dunn &ndash; Tennessee State Library and Archives
Gotham (TV series)

***Gotham*** is an American television series created by Bruno Heller. It is based on the characters of DC Comics. It is set in Gotham City, but was filmed in New York City and parts of Chicago and Detroit.

The show takes place when then-rookie detective police officer James Gordon is trying to find out why Bruce Wayne's parents were murdered. It stars Ben McKenzie, David Mazouz, Jada Pinkett Smith, and Sean Pertwee. It was aired by Fox. The first episode aired in fall 2014, and the last episode aired in the spring of 2017.

## References
Make-A-Wish Foundation

Barack Obama]]
The **Make-A-Wish Foundation** is a non-profit organization. It helps children that have life-threatening medical conditions by arranging experiences known as "wishes". These might include going to a special place (like Disney World), meeting a famous person, or having a unique experience. As of 2022, Make-A-Wish had granted over 520,000 wishes for children around the world.

The age limit is between 2 and a half and 18 at the time of referral. The child's physician decides if they are eligible. 

The organization is based in Phoenix, Arizona. David A. Williams is the President and CEO of Make-A-Wish America. 

Professional wrestler John Cena holds the record for granting the most wishes: over 450.

## References
## Other websites
*Official website
Benjamin McKenzie

**Benjamin McKenzie Schenkkan** (born September 12, 1978) is an American comedian, actor and producer. He is also known as **Benjamin McKenzie** and **Ben McKenzie**, and was born in Austin, Texas. He plays Ryan Atwood in the television series *The O.C.* and Ben Sherman in *Southland*. He has also appeared on the television show, Gotham.

## References
## Other websites
*
Michael Elgin

**Aaron Michael Frobel** is a Canadian professional wrestler. He is better known by his ring name **Michael Elgin**. He regularly works for Pro Wrestling Guerrilla (PWG) and is best known for his time with Ring of Honor (ROH). Elgin was the winner of the 2011 Survival of the Fittest tournament. On July 4, 2013, Elgin married fellow professional wrestler Rachel Collins.

## Championships
***Absolute Intense Wrestling
**AIW Absolute Championship (one time, current)
***All American Wrestling**
**AAW Heavyweight Championship (one time)
**AAW Heritage Championship (one time)
**AAW Tag Team Championship (one time, current) (with Ethan Page)
**Third AAW Triple Crown Champion
***BSE Pro**
**BSE Tag Team Championship (one time) (with Ashley Sixx)
***Great Canadian Wrestling'''
**GCW National Championship (two times)
**GCW Tag Team Championship (two times) (with Jake O'Reilly (one) and Havok/Derek Wylde (one))1
***Independent Wrestling Association Mid-South**
**IWA Mid-South Strong Style Championship (one time)
***Pro Wrestling Guerrilla**
**PWG World Tag Team Championship (one time) (with Brian Cage)
***Pro Wrestling Illustrated**
**He was ranked **#37** of the top 500 singles wrestlers in the PWI 500 in 2013.
***Ring of Honor**
**ROH World Championship (1 time)
**Survival of the Fittest (2011)
***Wrestling Observer Newsletter**
**5 Star Match (2012) (vs. Davey Richards on March 31)

1He first won the championship with Havok, but Derek Wylde would later replace Havok as Elgin's tag team partner and co-champion during the reign

## References
## Other websites
*Ring of Honor profile