open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Cokie Roberts

**Mary Martha Corinne Morrison Claiborne Roberts** (née **Boggs**; December 27, 1943 – September 17, 2019), known as **Cokie Roberts**, was an American journalist, political commentator and bestselling author. 

Her career as a political reporter and analyst included working for National Public Radio and ABC News. She also appeared on *Morning Edition*, *The MacNeil/Lehrer NewsHour*, *World News Tonight*, and *This Week*.

In 2002, Roberts was diagnosed with breast cancer. She died from problems of the disease in Washington, D.C. on September 17, 2019 at the age of 75.

## References
## Other websites
* 
* Cokie Roberts Interview with Chris Matthews, Plum TV
* Official biography – NPR
* Recent NPR stories by Cokie Roberts – NPR
* Video Interviews with Cokie Roberts – Charlie Rose
* Women of Influence – National Endowment for the Humanities
* 1994 Commencement Speech  – Wellesley College
* Oral History of the U.S. House of Representatives  – Cokie Roberts gives a first-hand account of growing up in the capital.
Lawrence High School (Kansas)

**Lawrence High School** (**LHS**) is a public secondary school in Lawrence, Kansas, USA. It is operated by Unified School District 497. It serves students of grades 9 to 12. The school is one of the two public high schools located in the city. Lawrence High had 1,260 students in the 2007–2008 school year. The school colors are red and black. The mascot is the "Chesty Lion".

Lawrence High School was created in 1857. It was created to help educate Lawrence because there were a lot of people living there. The first classes were held in the basement of a Unitarian Church. Three years later, the school was moved to the current place of **Liberty Memorial Central Middle School**, on Massachusetts Street. In 1930, the Lion became the school symbol. In 1946, it made its official debut as the school mascot. Lawrence High moved to its current place on Louisiana Street in 1954.

## Extracurricular activities
### Athletics
Currently Lawrence High has more than 100 state championships in various sports, one of the highest totals in the United States. The first state championship was won in 1914 in boys basketball. Due to the success of Lawrence High and the University of Kansas, Lawrence was featured as a candidate for Titletown, United States by ESPN.

#### Football
The Lawrence High School Chesty Lions have 31 undefeated seasons in football. This is the most in the United States. The Chesty Lions won a High School Football National Championship in 1960. From 1930–2008, games were played at Haskell Memorial Stadium. Once the new football stadium was finished being built at Lawrence High School, the football team started playing games at the new stadium in 2009.

### State Championships
Lawrence High has won the following state championships:

:*^ predates KSHSAA playoffs and AP poll*
:*+predates KSHSAA playoffs; ranked #1 in final AP poll*

## Notable alumni
* Erin Brockovich, had a movie made about her when she helped a town win a $333 million lawsuit because Pacific Gas and Electric Company had contaminated their water supply
* Danny Manning, led the University of Kansas basketball team to the 1988 NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Tournament championship
* Brian McClendon, Google Earth creator
* Alan Mulally, former Ford Motors CEO
* Sri Srinivasan, Judge, United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit

## References
## Other websites
* 
*
North Attleborough, Massachusetts

**North Attleborough**, alternatively spelled **North Attleboro**, is a town in Bristol County, Massachusetts, United States. The population was 30,834 at the 2020 United States Census.

## References
Kingston, Tennessee

**Kingston** is a city in and the county seat of Roane County, Tennessee, United States. This city is thirty-six miles southwest of Knoxville. It had a population of 5,953 at the 2020 United States census.

## References
Joseph W. Martin Jr.

**Joseph William Martin Jr.** (November 3, 1884 – March 6, 1968) was an American politician. He was the 44th Speaker of the United States House of Representatives from 1947 to 1949 and 1953 to 1955. He represented Massachusetts in the United States House of Representatives from 1925 through 1967. He was the only Republican become Speaker in a sixty-four year period from 1931 to 1995.

## References
Stanley Stair

**Stanley Stair** (October 1900 – April 2008) was the last British West Indies Regiment veteran.  He joined in Jamaica in 1916. He dug trenches in France. He lied about his age. Of the group of friends he had enlisted with in Jamaica, he was the only one to survive the war.  At the end of the war he was awarded the British War Medal and the Victory Medal. 

He died in Animal Hill, Lucea, Jamaica, in April 2008 at the age of 107.

## References
James Robertson (judge)

**James Robertson** (May 18, 1938 – September 7, 2019) was an American politician and lawyer. He was a United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the District of Columbia from 1994 until his retirement in June 2010. Robertson also was on the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court from 2002 until December 2005, when he resigned from that court in protest against warrantless wiretapping. He was born in Cleveland, Ohio.

Robertson died on September 7, 2019 at the age of 81, in Washington, D.C. from heart failure.

## References
Henri de Contenson

**Henri de Contenson**  (4 March 1926 – 8 September 2019) was a French archaeologist. He was the Research Director at the CNRS, The Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (National Center for Scientific Research), a research organization funded by France's Ministry of Research. He was born in Paris. He was Assistant Director of archaeological digs in the Middle East from 1951 to 1976. 

de Contenson died in Paris on 8 September 2019 at the age of 93.

## References
Cynthia Cockburn

**Cynthia Cockburn** (1934 – 12 September 2019) was a British academic, feminist journalist, and peace activist. She was active in the international women's peace movement. Cockburn was a visiting professor in the Department of Sociology at City University London and honorary professor in the Centre for the Study of Women and Gender at the University of Warwick.

Cockburn was widely published in academic journals, including in *Feminist Review,* *Gender & Development,**&nbsp;Journal of Classical Sociology*, *Peace in Process.*

Cockburn died on 13 September 2019 of thyroid cancer at her London home at the age of 85.

## References
## Other websites
* Personal website
* Women in Black - London
Sander Vanocur

**Sander "Sandy" Vanocur** (; born **Alexander Vinocur**, January 8, 1928 &ndash; September 16, 2019) was an American television journalist and actor. He was born in Cleveland, Ohio. He focused on national electoral politics. After leaving NBC in 1971, Vanocur worked for PBS and as a television writer for *The Washington Post*. He joined ABC News in 1977 and worked there until 1991.

Vanocur hosted two of the History Channel's primetime series: *Movies in Time* and ''History's Business''. His work at NBC earned him a place on the Nixon administration's "enemies list". He played himself in the 1994 television movie *Without Warning*.

Vanocur died in Santa Barbara, California on September 16, 2019 from dementia-related problems at the age of 91. 

## References
## Other websites
*
Denmead

**Denmead** is a village in Hampshire near Portsmouth, England. It is part of the City of Winchester district. At the 2011 Census the population had increased to 6,736.

## References
Dennis Edwards (footballer)

**Dennis Edwards** (19 January 1937 –  13 September 2019) was an English professional footballer. He played as an inside forward in the Football League.

He played for Charlton Athletic, for whom he made over 170 appearances. He also played league football for Portsmouth, Brentford and Aldershot.

Edwards died on 13 September 2019 in Denmead, Portsmouth at the age of 82.

## Personal life 
Edwards was educated at the Lea School and Slough Grammar School. After leaving school he worked as a clerk for ICI and served his national service in the RAF. After retiring from football, he lived in Denmead and established a frozen food business.

## Career statistics 
## Honours 
**Slough Town**

*Berks & Bucks Senior Cup: 1954–55

## References
Hallmark Cards

**Hallmark Cards, Inc.** is a private, family-owned American company in Kansas City, Missouri. It was created in 1910 by Joyce Hall. Hallmark is the oldest and biggest manufacturer of greeting cards in the United States. In 1985, the company was awarded the National Medal of Arts.

## Employees
Worldwide, Hallmark has over 27,000 employees; 20,000 of them work in the United States. About 5,600 of them are full-time employees. About 2,700 Hallmark employees work at the Kansas City headquarters.

## References
## Other websites
* 
* Corporate website
* Hallmark Baby website
Special-purpose district

**Special districts** (also known as **special service districts, special district governments**, **limited purpose entities**,  or **special-purpose districts** in the United States) are independent, special-purpose governmental units that exist separately from local governments such as county, municipal, and township governments. They have a lot of independence in their administration and funding. They are created to do a single task or a many similar tasks. The U.S. Census Bureau says that school districts aren't *special district governments*.

## Related pages
*Local government

## References
## More reading
* Friedman, L. M. A history of American law. (3rd). Simon & Schuster: New York. 2005.
* Krane, D., Rigos, P. N., and Hill, M. B. Home rule in America: A fifty-state handbook. CQ Press. 2001.
* Mergent's Municipal and Government Manual
* Zimmerman, J. F. The New England town meeting. Greenwood Publishing Group. 1997.

## Other websites
* A Citizen's Guide to Special Districts in California 
* California Special Districts Association
* U.S. Census Bureau
* U.S. Census Bureau/Governments Organization/Volume 1
* Government Accounting Standards Board 
* 2006 Government Finance and Employment Classification Manual, U.S. Census Bureau
* 2007 Governments Integrated Directory, U.S. Census Bureau
* IRS tax-exempt bond information 
* Municipal Research and Services Center of Washington 
* Florida Department of Economic Opportunity, Special District Accountability Program
* State and Local Government Review - current and past issues
* Bloomberg News
* Last Week Tonight with John Oliver: Special Districts (HBO)
Roane County, Tennessee

**Roane County** is a county of the U.S. state of Tennessee. As of the 2020 census, the population was 53,404. Its county seat is Kingston. Roane County is included in the Knoxville Metropolitan Statistical Area.

## References
Ye Xuanping

**Ye Xuanping** (; 20 December 1924 – 17 September 2019) was a Chinese politician. He was Mayor of Guangzhou from 1985 to 1991 and Governor of Guangdong from 1985 to 1991. Ye was born in Meixian, Guangdong. Ye was a strong supporter of Deng Xiaoping's reform and opening policy. 

Ye died on 17 September 2019 in Guangdong at the age of 94.

## References
INX Media case

**INX Media case** is the alleged money laundering case. Former finance minister of India, his son and owners of INX media are main accused in this alleged scam. When P Chidambaram was the finance minister of India then INX Media received fund of ₹305 crore (3050 million) while they were just allowed to receive only ₹4.62 crore (46 million).

## References
Monetary authority

In finance and economics, a **monetary authority** is the organization which controls the money supply of a currency. Their goal is to control inflation, interest rates, real GDP or the unemployment rate. With its monetary tools, a monetary authority is able to effectively influence the development of short-term interest rates for that currency. However, they can also influence other things which control the cost and availability of money.

A monetary authority is usually a central bank or currency board. Central banks usually have a some independence from the government and its political decisions. However, depending on the political set-up, governments can sometimes have almost total control over monetary policy if they are allowed to influence or control their central bank.

## References
Monetary policy

**Monetary policy** is the policy used by the monetary authority of a country that controls either the interest rate that can be paid on very short-term borrowing or the money supply. They often target inflation or the interest rate to help make price stability and general trust in the currency.

Other goals of a monetary policy are usually to help make the gross domestic product more stable, to get and keep low unemployment, and to have predictable exchange rates with other currencies.

## References
## Related pages
*Contral bank
*Economic policy

## Other websites
* Bank for International Settlements
* US Federal Reserve
* CentralBankNews.info
* European Central Bank
Frank Bowling

**Sir Richard Sheridan Franklin Bowling**  (born 26 February 1934), known as **Frank Bowling**, is a Guyana-born British artist. His paintings relate to Abstract expressionism, Color Field painting and Lyrical Abstraction.

Bowling now spends part of each year between London and New York, where he has studios.

Bowling's paintings have been shown in numerous exhibitions in Europe, the United Kingdom and the United States and are included in major private and corporate collections worldwide. 

His work can also be seen in the permanent collections of the Metropolitan Museum of Art  and Museum of Modern Art in New York, as well as the Tate Gallery in London.

## References
Money supply

The **money supply** (or **money stock**) is the total value of money available in an economy at a point of time. There are many ways to define "money". Normal measures usually include currency in circulation and demand deposits. Each country’s central bank may use its own definitions of what they consider to be money for its purposes.

Money supply data is recorded and published. It is done usually by the government or the central bank of the country. Public and private sector analysts look at changes in the money supply. This is because they believe that changes affect the price level of securities, inflation, the exchange rates and the business cycle.

## Empirical measures in the United States Federal Reserve System
Money is used as a medium of exchange, a unit of account, and as a ready store of value.

The different types of money are typically classified as "**M**"s. The "M"s usually range from M0 (narrowest) to M3 (broadest) but which "M"s are actually focused on in policy formulation depends on the country's central bank.  The typical layout for each of the "M"s is as follows:

* '***: In some countries, such as the United Kingdom, M0 includes bank reserves, so M0 is referred to as the monetary base, or narrow money.
* **MB**: is referred to as the monetary base or total currency.
* **M1**: Bank reserves are not included in M1.
* **M2**: Represents M1 and "close substitutes" for M1. M2 is a broader classification of money than M1. M2 is a key economic indicator used to forecast inflation.
* **M3**: M2 plus large and long-term deposits. Since 2006, M3 is no longer published by the US central bank. However, there are still estimates produced by various private institutions.
* **MZM*': Money with zero maturity. It measures the supply of financial assets redeemable at par on demand. Velocity of MZM is historically a relatively accurate predictor of inflation.

The ratio of a pair of these measures, most often M2 / M0, is called an (actual, empirical) money multiplier.

## References
## Other websites
* Aggregate Reserves Of Depository Institutions And The Monetary Base (H.3)
* Historical H.3 releases
* Money Stock Measures (H.6)
* U.S. MZM magnitude and velocity, used as a predictor of inflation
* Data on Monetary Aggregates in Australia
* Monetary Statistics on Hong Kong Monetary Authority
* Monetary Survey  from People's Bank of China
Ady Barkan

**Orhad "Ady" Barkan** (December 18, 1983 &ndash; November 1, 2023) was an American lawyer and progressive activist. He was the co-founder of the Be a Hero PAC and is an organizer for the Center for Popular Democracy. Barkan became known when he told then-U.S. Senator Jeff Flake on a plane back in 2017 asking him to "be a hero" and vote no on the tax bill.

Barkan was diagnosed with terminal ALS in 2016.

## References
Graeme Gibson

**Graeme C. Gibson**  (9 August 1934 – 18 September 2019) was a Canadian novelist. He was a Member of the Order of Canada (1992). He was one of the organizers of the Writer's Union of Canada (chair, 1974–75). He was also a founder of the Writers' Trust of Canada.

Gibson was in a partnership with fellow Canadian novelist Margaret Atwood from 1973 until his death.

In April 2017, Gibson was diagnosed with dementia. He died on 18 September 2019 in a hospital in London, England at the age of 85.

## References
Tony Mills

**Anthony Paul "Tony" Mills** (7 July 1962  – 18 September 2019) was an English rock singer. He was best known for his work with Shy and TNT. Mills was born in Solihull, Warwickshire, England.

In April 2019, Mills announced that he was diagnosed with terminal pancreatic cancer. He died on 18 September 2019 at the age of 57.

## References
Shyam Ramsay

**Shyam Ramsay** (17 May 1952 – 18 September 2019) was an Indian movie director, producer and screenwriter. He was one of the seven Ramsay Brothers. He was active during the 1970s and the 1980s. He was known for directing horror movies such as *Darwaza*, *Purana Mandir* and *Veerana*. Ramsay wrote the screenplay for *Zee Horror Show*

Ramsay was born in Bombay. He died on 18 September 2019 from pneumonia at the age of 67.

## References
## Other websites
*
Édouard-Léon Scott de Martinville

**Édouard-Léon Scott de Martinville** was a Frenchman who invented the earliest known sound recording device known as the Phonautograph. He was born in Paris in 1817 he’s profession was printing and book selling. He died in 1879.

## Discovery of the Sounds 
In 2008, a group of researchers discovered the phonautogram that was recorded on 9 April 1860. It is a French folk song called Au Clair de la lune. Scientists believe that the person singing the song was Scott de Martinville the inventor him self. The audio discovery became the oldest recorded sound of a person.

## References
Blue Beetle

**Blue Beetle** is the name of three fictional superheroes who appear in DC Comics. They bought the rights to the character in 1983, using the name for three distinct characters over the years. 

## Publication history 
The original Blue Beetle was created by Charles Nicholas Wojtkoski and Fox Comics and later owned by Charlton Comics. 

## Fictional character biographies 
### Dan Garrett 
The first Blue Beetle was **Dan Garret** (later spelled Dan Garrett), who initially gained superpowers from a special vitamin, which was later changed to gaining powers from a "sacred scarab". The original Blue Beetle was featured in not only his own comic but also a weekly radio serial. 

### Ted Kord 
The second Blue Beetle, created by Charlton and later taken over by DC Comics, was the successor to Dan Garrett known as **Ted Kord**. Kord "jumped" to the DC Comics universe during the *Crisis on Infinite Earths* alongside a number of other Charlton Comics characters. The second Blue Beetle later starred in his own 24-issue comic. Kord never had any super powers but used science to create various devices to help him fight crime. He became a member of the Justice League of America and was later killed during the prelude to DC Comics' *Infinite Crisis* cross over. 

### Jaime Reyes 
The third Blue Beetle, created by DC Comics, is **Jaime Reyes**, a teenager who discovered that the original Blue Beetle scarab morphed into a battle suit allowing him to fight crime and travel in space.

## In other media 
The character has appeared in television series, action figures, and video games. A movie about Blue Beetle was released in 2023 by Warner Bros. with Xolo Maridueña playing Jaime Reyes as the main character.

## Other websites
* Blue Beetle (Dan Garrett)(  from the original December 4, 2011) and Blue Beetle (Ted Kord) (archived from the original December 4, 2011) at Don Markstein's Toonopedia.
* Blue Beetle (Dan Garrett) and Blue Beetle (Ted Kord) at the International Catalogue of Superheroes
Teen Titans

The **Teen Titans** are a fictional superhero team appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics. The members are teenage superheroes, many of whom have acted as sidekicks to DC's premier superheroes in the Justice League. The original team later becomes known as the **Titans** when the members age out of their teenage years. The team was formed by Dick Grayson / Robin. Known members include: Robin, Beast Boy, Starfire, Raven and Cyborg.

## References
Blue Beetle (Jaime Reyes)

**Blue Beetle** (**Jaime Reyes**) is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics. It was created by Keith Giffen, John Rogers, and Cully Hamner. The character made his first appearance in *Infinite Crisis* #3 (February 2006).

## Publication history 
Jaime Reyes was created by Keith Giffen, John Rogers, and Cully Hamner. He made his first appearance in *Infinite Crisis* #3 (February 2006).

## Fictional character biography 
Jaime Reyes is the third character to become **Blue Beetle**. He was revealed to be alien in origin. Though only a teenager, Reyes quickly forms a working relationship with Kord's former teammate and best friend Booster Gold and is added into the Teen Titans.

## In other media 
Xolo Maridueña plays Reyes in the DC Extended Universe movie *Blue Beetle* (2023). Maridueña will officially reprise the role as Jaime Reyes in an upcoming animated television series set in the DC Universe (DCU) franchise.

## References
Beast Boy

**Beast Boy** (**Garfield "Gar" Logan**) is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics. He was created by writer Arnold Drake and artist Bob Brown. The character first appeared in *The Doom Patrol* #99 (November 1965). He is a known member of the Teen Titans.

## Fictional character biography 
He is a shapeshifter (changes his body form) to any animal he chooses.

## In other media 
Beast Boy has appeared in many cartoon television shows and movies, including as one of the Teen Titans in Cartoon Network's eponymous series, voiced by Greg Cipes and appeared on *Titans*, played by Ryan Potter. Beast Boy also appears in Teen Titans Go!

## Other websites
* Titans Tower: Beast Boy 
* DC Comics official origin page for Beast Boy.
* Top 10 Alternate Versions Of Beast Boy.
Raven (DC Comics)

**Raven** is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics. The character first appeared in a special insert in *DC Comics Presents* #26 (October 1980). She was created by writer Marv Wolfman and artist George Pérez. She is a known member of the superhero team Teen Titans. 

The character also goes by the alias **Rachel Roth** as a false civilian name.

## Powers and abilities 
She possesses a supernatural lineage that grants her remarkable abilities as an empath. She can sense emotions and manipulate her soul-self, which takes the form of her namesake, for various purposes. Despite her lineage and the ominous predictions associated with her connection to Trigon, Raven becomes a prominent member of different Teen Titans and Titans lineups, where recognized for her expertise in mysticism and stands out as one of the team's most formidable members. The character has also served as a member of other teams in the DC Universe, including the Justice League, Sentinels of Magic, and the Justice League Dark.

## In other media 
Raven has appeared in numerous cartoon television shows and movies, including as one of the Teen Titans in Cartoon Network's eponymous series, voiced by Tara Strong. Rachel Roth makes her live adaptation debut in the DC Universe series *Titans*, played by Teagan Croft.

## Other websites
* Titans Tower: Raven
Solomon Grundy (character)

**Solomon Grundy** is a fictional supervillain in DC Comics and an antihero in the DC Animated Universe. 

## Fictional character biography 
He was seen as a murder victim brought back to life as a mega zombie. He is named after the 19th century nursery rhyme "Solomon Grundy".

Grundy was first seen as an enemy of comic book hero Green Lantern, but has since become a known enemy for many superheroes such as Superman, Batman, the Green Lantern, and the Flash.

## In other media 
The character made his live-action debut as Cyrus Gold in the second season of the Arrowverse series *Arrow*, and Butch Gilzean on Fox's television series *Gotham*. Solomon Grundy also appeared in CGI form in the first and second seasons of the television series *Stargirl* for DC Universe and The CW network.

## Other websites
*Solomon Grundy  at The Watchtower, a *Justice League* fan site
*Solomon Grundy another Grundy bio
Reverse-Flash

**Reverse-Flash** is a name used by many fictional supervillains appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics. They are all enemies of the Flash.
A known version of the character is **Edward Clariss** (also known as **the Rival** and **Rival Flash**) first appeared in *Flash Comics* #104 (February 1949), and was created by John Broome and Joe Kubert. Another well-known version is **Eobard Thawne.**

The character's design is the complete opposite of the Flash with a yellow suit and red flash design.

## References
Brainiac (character)

**Brainiac** is a fictional supervillain appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics. The character was created by writer Otto Binder and artist Al Plastino, and debuted in Action Comics #242 (July 10, 1958). Alongside, Lex Luthor, he is seen as a top enemy of Superman and the  Justice League.

## Fictional character biography 
Brainiac is seen as an extraterrestrial cyborg or android. He is responsible for shrinking and stealing Kandor, the capital city of Superman's home planet Krypton. 

His name is a portmanteau of the words *brain* and *maniac*. In 2009, Brainiac was ranked as IGN's 17th Greatest Comic Book Villain of All Time. 

## Powers and abilities 
In his original incarnation, Brainiac has superhuman knowledge due to being an advanced computer system. He also has superhuman strength, speed, and endurance, which increased after building himself a new robotic body.

## References
Killer Frost

**Killer Frost** is a name used by several fictional female supervillains and superheroes appearing in comic books published by DC Comics: **Crystal Frost**, **Louise Lincoln** and **Caitlin Snow**. She is a known villain towards the superhero Firestorm.

## In other media 
In television shows and video games, she is voiced by Jennifer Hale. Danielle Panabaker plays the character on the shared DC *Arrowverse* shows, where she is a main character on the television series *The Flash*.
Firestorm (character)

**Firestorm** is the name of many fictional superheroes appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics. **Ronnie Raymond** and **Martin Stein** were the first incarnation in *Firestorm, the Nuclear Man* &nbsp;1 (March 1978) and were created by Gerry Conway and Al Milgrom. **Jason Rusch** debuted as a modern update of the character in *Firestorm* (vol. 3) #1 (July 2004), and was created by Dan Jolley and ChrisCross.

## In other media 
Firestorm is featured in The CW's *Arrowverse*, played by Robbie Amell, Victor Garber, and Franz Drameh.

## References
Celtic punk

**Celtic punk** is punk rock mixed with traditional Celtic music. 

Celtic punk bands often play covers of traditional Irish, Welsh or Scottish folk and political songs. They often make their own songs too. Common themes in Celtic punk music include politics, Celtic culture and identity, heritage, religion, drinking and working class pride.

In the 1980s, the Pogues made the genre popular. The Pogues are a band of London Irish punk musicians in London. They were proud of their Irish heritage.

The term *Celtic punk* is usually used to describe bands who combine punk with Irish or Scottish traditional music. It is part of the bigger folk punk genre. However, folk punk usually means punk music that is combined with traditional English or American folk music.

Celtic punk bands often have rock instruments (for example a electric guitar) as well as traditional instruments such as bagpipes, fiddle, tin whistle, accordion, mandolin, and banjo. Like Celtic rock, Celtic punk is a form of Celtic fusion.  

## References
## Other websites
* Paddy Rock 
* Irish Punk
Starfire (Teen Titans)

**Starfire** ('''Princess Koriand'r'*) is a fictional superheroine appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics. She made her first appearance in  *DC Comics Presents* #26 (October 1980). She was created by Marv Wolfman and George Pérez. The character has been a member of the Teen Titans and has also appeared on several other teams, including the Outsiders, Outlaws, and Justice League Odyssey. 

## Publication history 
The name "Starfire" first appeared in a DC Comic in the story "The Answer Man of Space", in *Mystery in Space'' #73, February 1962, written by Gardner F. Fox.

In 2013, Starfire placed 21st on IGN's "Top 25 Heroes of DC Comics".

## Fictional character biography 
Within the main continuity of the DC Universe, her origin is revealed to be '''Princess Koriand'r''', an alien princess from the planet Tamaran and heir to the throne until she was ousted in a coup by her elder sister, Komand'r (also known as Blackfire), whom sold her into slavery. Subjected to torture and sexual exploitation, Koriand'r would later receive additional powers following experimentations by alien scientists. Escaping her captors, the character would find herself on Earth and befriended the Teen Titans, becoming a long-lasting member of the team over the years. While on Earth, the character has been depicted as a model under the alias **Kory Anders**, occasionally the leader of the Teen Titans, and was the principal of Teen Titans Academy during a period in which the Titans help trained future superheroes of the DC Universe.

## Powers and abilities 
The radiation is then converted to pure energy, allowing her to fly at supersonic speeds. Starfire is capable of using this power to fly in space and even go fast enough to cross several solar systems in minutes to seconds. This energy also gives her incredible superhuman strength and durability.

## In other media 
Starfire has appeared in many cartoon television shows and movies, including as a member of the Teen Titans in Cartoon Network's eponymous series, voiced by Hynden Walch. She also appears in the DC Universe series *Titans*, played by Anna Diop.

## References
## Other websites
*DC Comics: Starfire
King Shark

**King Shark (Nanaue)** is a fictional supervillain appearing in comic books published by DC Comics. The character was created by writer Karl Kesel and artist Tom Grummett. It made a brief cameo in *Superboy* #0 (October 1994) before making his first full appearance in *Superboy* #9 (November 1994).

## In other media 
King Shark appears on the Arrowverse television series *The Flash* with Dan Payne. The character made his cinematic debut in James Gunn's *The Suicide Squad* sequel in 2021 with his voice provided by comedian Steve Agee.
Deadshot

**Deadshot** (**Floyd Lawton**) is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics. He was created by David Vern Reed, Lew Schwartz, and Bob Kane. The character made his first appearance in *Batman* #59 (June–July 1950). Deadshot is a villain of the superhero Batman. He is seen as a supervillain, though he is sometimes depicted as an antihero.

Since then, he has been a recurring character in Batman comics. Since 1986, Deadshot has also been frequently portrayed in comics books featuring the Suicide Squad.

IGN's ranked Deadshot as the 43rd Greatest Comic Book Villain of All Time in 2009.

## Fictional character biography 
As a child, Lawton idolized his brother. When his mother convinced his brother to kill their father, his brother locked Floyd outside. Floyd, wishing to save his brother from a grim future, took a rifle to shoot the gun out of his brother's hand.

The character was not seen again until twenty-nine years later when writer Steve Englehart along with artists Marshall Rogers and Terry Austin retooled him in *Detective Comics* (vol.1) #474 (1979), now presenting him with customized wrist-mounted guns and a unique mask featuring a multi-use lens over his right eye.

## Powers and abilities 
Deadshot is an expert in firearms and an excellent sniper who regularly boasts of never missing a shot. He is often considered one of the deadliest assassins in the DC Universe. Lawton is eventually brought to justice by the superhero Batman, who becomes Lawton's most recurring enemy over the years (though he also occasionally comes into conflict with other heroes). While typically portrayed as a supervillain, he is also sometimes depicted as an antihero as a member of the Suicide Squad where he fights more dangerous villains and threats, his need to protect those he regards as family, and his occasional efforts to hold himself accountable to a personal code of ethics. 

## In other media 
The character has been substantially adapted from the comics into various forms of media, including television series, feature movies and video games. Deadshot was portrayed by Bradley Stryker in the final season of *Smallville*, by Michael Rowe in the live-action Arrowverse franchise. In the live-action 2016 movie *Suicide Squad*, he was played by Will Smith.

## References
Red Hood

The **Red Hood** is an alias used by multiple fictional characters and a criminal organization in comic books published by DC Comics. 

Jason Todd is the most widely known character to use this persona, and he becomes the Red Hood identity in the main DC Comics continuity. Joker had also assumed the character's identity.

## References
Lobo (DC Comics)

**Lobo** is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics. The Lobo character was created by Roger Slifer and Keith Giffen. He first appeared in *Omega Men* #3 (June 1983).

## Publication history 
Created by Roger Slifer and Keith Giffen, the Lobo character first appeared in *Omega Men* #3 (June 1983).

## Fictional character biography 
Lobo is an alien born on the utopian planet of Czarnia. He works as an interstellar mercenary and bounty hunter.

## Powers and abilities 
In addition to incredible strength, he has accelerated healing that will completely regenerate his entire body from even a single cell. 

## In other media
Lobo was voiced by Brad Garrett, Greg Eagles, Kevin Michael Richardson, David Sobolov and John DiMaggio in cartoons and video games.

Lobo will make his cinematic debut in the upcoming DC Universe (DCU) movie *Supergirl* (2026), portrayed by Jason Momoa.

## References
## Other websites
* Lobo's secret origin  on DC Comics.com
* ROM image of the unreleased *Lobo* video game for Genesis
Mister Mxyzptlk

**Mister Mxyzptlk** ( , ), sometimes called **Mxy**, is a fictional impish character from the 5th dimension, who appears in DC Comics' Superman comic books, sometimes as a supervillain and other times as an antihero.

## Publication history 
Mr. Mxyzptlk was created to appear in *Superman* #30 (September / October 1944), in the story "The Mysterious Mr. Mxyzptlk", by writer Jerry Siegel and artist Ira Yarborough.

## Fictional character biography 
He is usually presented as a trickster, a self proclaimed god of chaos, in the classical mythological sense, in that he possesses reality-warping powers with which he enjoys tormenting Superman in a cartoonish way. In most of his appearances in DC Comics, he can be stopped only by tricking him into saying or spelling his own name backwards (Kltpzyxm - *"kel-tip-zix-um"*), which will return him to his home in the 5th dimension and keep him there for a minimum of ninety days. However, this specific limitation of the character has been eliminated since the *Crisis on Infinite Earths* reboot, upon which the character leaves only when he willingly agrees to do so after meeting some conditions he sets, such as having Superman succeed in getting Mxyzptlk to paint his own face blue.

In 2009, Mister Mxyzptlk was ranked as IGN's 76th Greatest Comic Book Villain of All Time.

## In other media 
The character has been featured in different forms of media including toys, television series, and video games as well; he appeared in live-action by Howie Mandel in the 1993 television series *Lois & Clark: The New Adventures of Superman*. The character renamed Mikhail Mxyzptlk also appeared in the television series *Smallville* played by Trent Ford. Mxyzptlk appears in the television series *Supergirl* played by Peter Gadiot in the second season and by Thomas Lennon in the fifth season. 

## References
Suicide Squad

The **Suicide Squad** is a fictional supervillain team appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics. The first version of the Suicide Squad debuted in *The Brave and the Bold* #25 (September 1959) and the second and modern version, created by John Ostrander. One of the two teams saves the world from a threatening race of savages.

## Overview 
The team was formed by Amanda Waller. Members of the group are: Captain Boomerang, Deadshot, Enchantress, Harley Quinn, Katana and Killer Croc.

## In other media 
In 2016, a movie version of the group was made. Another movie, *The Suicide Squad*, was released in 2021.

## References
Captain Boomerang

**Captain Boomerang** is the name of two fictional supervillains appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics. The character is an enemy of both the Barry Allen Batman and Wally West versions of the **Flash**. He was created by writer John Broome and artist Carmine Infantino. 

## Fictional character biographies 
### Digger Harkness 
The first Captain Boomerang **George** "**Digger**" **Harkness**, first appeared in *The Flash* #117 (December 1960). He has also been a known member of the Suicide Squad since its second iteration. 

### Owen Mercer 
During the 2004 storyline *Identity Crisis*, George Harkness is killed and his son, **Owen Mercer**, created by Brad Meltzer and Michael Turner, takes over his father's role as Captain Boomerang for a period of time. However, during the 2009–2010 *Blackest Night* storyline, Owen is killed and Harkness returns to life, resuming his role as Captain Boomerang, and, overwhelmed by grief and rage, evolves as a dangerous threat after the loss of his son.

## Powers and abilities 
He is an expert at throwing the weapons and as well as ordinary boomerangs he has a number with special properties, including bladed, explosive, incendiary, and electrified boomerangs. Upon his resurrection, Digger finds he has the ability to create boomerangs out of energy that explode on contact.

## In other media 
Both Harkness and Mercer have been adapted from the comics into various forms of media, including television series, feature films, and video games. Digger Harkness is portrayed in the Arrowverse live-action DC television shows by Nick E. Tarabay, and by Jai Courtney in the 2016 *Suicide Squad* movie and returned in the sequel set in the DC Extended Universe.

## Other websites
* "Captain Boomerang" Arrowverse Wiki.
Birds of Prey (comics)

***Birds of Prey*** is the name of many American comic book series, miniseries, and special editions published by DC Comics since 1996. The group was created by Black Canary and Barbara Gordon. The group is initially based in Gotham City and later operates in Metropolis.

The series was created by Jordan B. Gorfinkel and originally written by Chuck Dixon. Gail Simone scripted the comic from issue #56 to #108.

## In other media 
In 2020, a movie of the comic group was made.

## References
Enchantress (DC Comics)

The **Enchantress** is a fictional supervillain appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics. She was created by Bob Haney and Howard Purcell. The character made her first appearance in *Strange Adventures* #187 (April 1966).

The character, whose real name is **June Moone**, is seen as an antihero. She appears in the fifth volume of the *Suicide Squad* comic series, in which she is a regular member of the team and a romantic interest of Killer Croc.

## In other media 
The Enchantress was played by Cara Delevingne in the 2016 movie *Suicide Squad*, which is part of the DC Extended Universe.

## References
Amanda Waller

**Amanda Blake Waller** (née **White**), also known as "**the Wall**", is a fictional main character appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics. The character first appeared in *Legends* #1 in 1986, and was created by John Ostrander, Len Wein, and John Byrne. 

Amanda Waller is a villain and sometimes ally to the superheroes of the DC Universe. She created the anti-hero group Suicide Squad.

## Fictional character biography 
Though lacking superpowers, Amanda Waller is often portrayed as a ruthless, high-ranking government official who uses guile, political connections, and intimidation to achieve her goals, often in the name of national security. Waller is commonly associated with the fictional government agencies Checkmate and A.R.G.U.S.

Waller is a former congressional aide and government agent in charge of the Suicide Squad, a quasi-secret government-run group of former supervillains working in return for amnesty. She later serves as Secretary of Metahuman Affairs under President Lex Luthor before being arrested because of Luthor's public fall from grace. She later serves in leadership roles in Checkmate and A.R.G.U.S. In 2020s comic books, she heads up more ambitious attacks on the superhero community, serving as the primary antagonist of the *Absolute Power* event.

## In other media 
The character has been adapted into other media on a number of occasions, notably voiced by CCH Pounder in her animated debut in the DC Animated Universe, with Pam Grier originating the character in live action on the TV show *Smallville*. She first appears in film played by Academy Award winner Angela Bassett in *Green Lantern*. Waller is played by Viola Davis in the live-action DC Extended Universe movie *Suicide Squad* (2016). Davis returned to portray the role in the sequel *The Suicide Squad* (2021), *Black Adam* (2022), the HBO Max streaming television series *Peacemaker* (2022-present). Davis is set to voice the character in the upcoming animated miniseries *Creature Commandos* (2024) and will return in the live-action series *Waller* (2024).

## Other websites
*Amanda Waller's "official blog" (via archive.org)
*DCU Guide: Amanda Waller 
*Comic Book Awards Almanac
Karen Fukuhara

**Karen Fukuhara** (born February 10, 1992) is an American actress. She is known for her roles as Katana in the 2016 DC superhero movie *Suicide Squad* and as The Female in the 2019 Amazon Prime original series *The Boys*. 

She is also known for voicing the character Glimmer in the Netflix series *She-Ra and the Princesses of Power*.

## References
## Other websites
*
Katana (DC Comics)

**Katana** (''''*) is a fictional superheroine that appears in comic books published by DC Comics. 

## Fictional character biography 
First appearing in 1983, Katana is a samurai warrior whose skill with a sword allows her to fight for justice as a superhero. 

Her tragic backstory includes the death of her husband, Maseo, whose soul becomes trapped in her blade, the Soultaker. 

Katana has been seen in many DC Comics superhero teams, including the Justice League and the Birds of Prey, but is most commonly seen with the team known as the Outsiders, a team of heroes hand-picked by Batman.

## In other media 
In the 2016 movie *Suicide Squad'', the character is played by actress Karen Fukuhara, which is part of the DC Extended Universe.

## Other websites
*Cosmic Teams: Katana
Celtic rock

**Celtic rock** is a genre of folk rock. It is also a type of Celtic fusion which uses Celtic music, instrumentation and themes into rock music. It has been popular since the early 1970s. It was an important foundation for developing of very successful mainstream Celtic bands and popular musical performers. It was also important for creating other types of music genres. It is important keeping and defining regional and national identities and in fostering a pan-Celtic culture. It has also helped to introduce those cultures to other people.

## Definition
The style of music is the combination of traditional Irish, Scottish Gaelic, Welsh and Breton musical forms with rock music.

## References
## Other websites
*Irish Rockers
*Shite 'n' Onions
*Paddy Rock
*Spanish Celtic Rock Music
*Irish Punk
Jessica Jaymes

**Jessica Jaymes** (March 8, 1979 – September 17, 2019) was an American pornographic actress. She was known for being *Hustler*s first contract model and the "*Hustler* Honey of the Year" in 2004 and the August 2008 *Penthouse* Pet of the Month. She was born in Anchorage, Alaska.

Her career began in 2002. Jaymes played a small role in two episodes of the television series *Weeds* in 2006 and 2007, and made appearances on various reality shows such as VH1's *Celebrity Rehab Sober House* and HBO's *Vivid Valley* as well as *The Howard Stern Show*.

Jaymes was found dead at her home in San Fernando Valley, California on September 17, 2019 at the age of 40. The Los Angeles County Coroner said that her cause of death was from a seizure and alcohol abuse.

## References
## Other websites
* 
*
Hustler (magazine)

***Hustler*** is a monthly pornographic magazine published by Larry Flynt in the United States. It was introduced in 1974. It was a step forward from the *Hustler Newsletter*. The magazine grew to a peak circulation of around 3 million. It has since dropped to about 500,000. It shows explicit views of the female genitalia, becoming one of the first major US-based magazines to do so. It is seen as a rival to publications like *Playboy*.

## Notes
Ethan Berkowitz

**Ethan Avram Berkowitz** (born February 4, 1962) is an American lawyer, radio personality, businessman and politician. He was the Mayor of Anchorage, Alaska from 2015 until 2020.

From 1997 to 2007, he was the Alaska State Representative for District 26 as a member of the Democratic Party.

Berkowitz was the Democratic nominee for Lieutenant Governor in 2006, for Alaska's at-large congressional district in 2008 and for Governor in 2010.

He was elected mayor of Anchorage in 2015 and reelected in 2018.

## References
Jun Senoue

is a Japanese video game composer and musician. He works for Sega. He is known for his music in the *Sonic the Hedgehog* video game series. He is also the songwriter and lead guitarist for the band Crush 40. Crush 40 has also created songs to many *Sonic* games.

## Biography
Senoue was born on August 2, 1970 in Matsushima, Miyagi, Japan. He started playing piano at the age of three. He moved to Panama when he was 12 years old. In Panama, he became dedicated to rock music after being watching MTV. He started to teach himself to play the electric guitar when he was 15 years old. He created his first original band recording when he was 17 years old.

## Works
## References
## Other websites
* 
*
Electronic rock

**Electronic rock** is a music genre that is a combination of rock music and electronic music. It has instruments often found in both genres. It started in late 1960s, when rock bands such as The Doors, Pink Floyd, Yes, and The Moody Blues started using the Moog synthesizer into their music. Sampling and tape manipulation would also become common with the genre. Electronic rock acts usually combine things from other music styles, including punk rock, industrial rock, hip hop, techno, and synthpop. It has helped create subgenres such as indietronica, dance-punk, and electroclash. Since the late 2000s, electronic rock has become more popular.

## References