open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Kuthiala

**Kothiala** is one of the 51 Union Councils of Abbottabad District in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan.

## Subdivisions
Bagakot - Naka - Nalla - Doga - jab - Gali Syedan - Golra - Panyali - Salyot - Sora - Mukdabi Gup - Brahan - Todumira - Nalla (tudumira) - Tali - Misser -karmatti- Poona - Chakuli - Cheera thandi Khuiy - Hall Syedian - Tarada - Mubarak - Kalya - Char - Lunda - Daki -Beeri Patyan - Cahri - Banjgalli - Paswal - Soban Galli - Chariala -

## Tribes
The main tribes are:
Tanolis 
Awan
Syed
Gujr 

## References
Kuthwal

**Kuthwal**  is one of the 51 Union Councils of Abbottabad District in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. It is northwest of Abbottabad city (the district capital).

## Villages 
The main villages of this Union Council are  Kuthwal, Bandi Mansoor, School Wali Gali, Gali Banian, Chatry Balla, Dunna Sharif, Maira Rehmat Khan Mohra Kalan and Charti.

## References
## Other websites 
* http://www.abbottabad.gov.pk
Langra, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa

**Langra** is one of the 51 Union Councils of Abbottabad district in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan.

## Location 
Langra is at 34°4'0N 73°10'0E at a height of 871 metres (2860&nbsp;feet). It is to the south of Abbottabad city, neighbouring Union councils are, Salhad - which is to the north and forms the approach to Abbottabad city, Rajoya to the east, Havelian to the South and Kokal to the west (which forms the approach to Haripur District).

## Subdivisions 
The Union Council is subdivided into the following areas: Banda Sahib Khan, Lari and Langra.

## References
Langrial

**Langrial** is one of the 51 Union Councils of Abbottabad District in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. It is in the south west of the district and borders Haripur District.

## Subdivisions
The Union Council is subdivided into the following areas: Basgora, Chotala, Dabran, Danna Nooral, Faqir Mohammad, Gali Batgran, Karkaki, Langrial, Lassan and Manjia.  Other villages are Kialapain and Basara.

## References
3 (disambiguation)

s of all four suits]]

**3** and **three** may mean:

* 3 (number), a number, numeral, and glyph
* 3, the year 3 AD
* 3 BC, the year 3 BC

In **music and film**:
* #3, the pseudonym of American musician Chris Fehn, when performing with Slipknot

**3** can also mean:
* 3 Juno, a large asteroid

**3** looks similar to:
* Yogh (Ȝ), a letter used in Middle English and Middle Scots
* Ezh (Ʒ), a letter used in the International Phonetic Alphabet and some African languages
* Ze (З), a letter used in the Cyrillic script.
Murree

**Murree** is a mountain resort town in the Rawalpindi District of Punjab, Pakistan. It is in the north of Punjab and is near the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province and Kashmir.

From Pindi Point one can see the cities of Rawalpindi and Islamabad.

## References
Malikpura Urban

**Malikpura Urban** is one of the 51 Union Councils of Abbottabad District in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. It is in the west of the district.

Malikpura is the one of most populated union councils of Abbottabad city/urban area and an old settled area of the municipal committee.Many prominent people in the past have been residents of Malikpura at one time or the other, including ex-president of Pakistan General Mohammad Ayub Khan,Justice Sajjad Ahmad Jan, ex-Chief Minister of NWFP, Sahibzada Sir Abdul Qayyum Khan,Chaudhry Mohammad Ali ex-Vice Chancellor of the Peshawar University, famous local freedom movement activist Jalal-ud-din Baba,Sheikh Ghulam Khalid Sehgal and others.

## References
Nagri Bala

**Nagri Bala** is one of the 51 Union Councils of Abbottabad District in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan.

## Location 
The union council of Nagri Bala is found in the south central part of Abbottabad District, and lies to the south east of Abbottabad city - the capital city of the district. Union councils bordering Nagri Bala  are  - Bagnotar to the north, Nathia Gali to the east, and Garhi Phulgran to the south.

## Subdivisions
The Union Council is subdivided into the following areas: Akhroota, Makool Bala, Nagri Bala and Tatreela kasala
.

## References
2 BC

Year **2 BC** was a common year starting on Thursday or Friday of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the **Year of the Consulship of Augustus and Silvanus**.

## Events 
* Emperor Augustus is made *Pater Patriae*, or "father of the country" by the Roman Senate
* Julia the Elder is exiled on charges of treason and adultery
* Phraates V becomes king of the Parthian Empire

## Births 
*Jesus (approximate date, according to Eusebius of Caesarea and Jehovah's Witnesses)

## Deaths 
* Iullus Antonius, son of Mark Antony and consul in 10 BC
* Phraates IV, king of Parthia
Kakul

**Kakul** is a hamlet and union council in the **Kakul Valley** of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. It is 5&nbsp;km north of Abbottabad city near the Thandiani Hills at a height of 1300 metres. The Pakistan Military Academy is also located here.

## History
Kakul was historically a small village in the suburbs of Abbottabad, close to the larger Nawanshehr hamlet, which was owned by the Jadoon Pashtun tribe. When the Hazara region was annexed to British India in 1849, the then District Commissioner Major James Abbott decided to build a cantonment town which was founded in 1853 as Abbottabad; and at that time, a smaller military station or tented garrison was set up close to Kakul. In 1900-1901 this site became one of the first 'concentration camps' for  Boer Prisoners of War (POWs) from the Anglo-Boer War, where some 400 such prisoners were held until 1903. In 1904-1905, a part of this camp became the British Indian Armys Mountaineering and PE Camp, whereas the rest was made into the zonal headquarters of the Royal Indian Army Supply Corps(RIASC). This position lasted until 1947, when after Independence the new Pakistan Army decided to set up the Pakistan Military Academy here, which was done in 1948.

## Administration
The small township of Kakul is the capital of Kakul Union Council. The Union Council is divided into the following areas: Balolia, Kakul, Mandroch Kalan, Mandroch Khurd, Nawansher Janoobi and Nawansher Shamali.

## References
Nara, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa

Nara is one of the 51 Union Councils of Abbottabad District in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. Nara is in the southern part of the district. The Union Council of Nara takes its name from the village of Nara.  The main tribe of this Union Council are the Karlal.

## Subdivisions 
The Union Council of Nara is subdivided into the following areas: Changah, Dakhan, Gohra, Kanger Hoter, Kehan, Maira Ulla, Mari, Mohri-Badbhen, Nara and Satora.

## References
Nathia Gali

**Nathia Gali** or **Nathiagali** () is one of the mountain holiday towns of the Galyat area of Pakistan. It is one of the most popular tourist areas of the Murree Hills, with fairly good facilities and is on the road from Murree to Abbottabad lying midway between the two. The main tribe of Nathia Gali is the Karlal.

## History
During British rule Nathia Gali, then part of Abbottabad Tehsil of Hazara District, was the summer headquarters of the Chief Commissioner. The town along with Dunga Gali was a notified area. The nearest place to Nathia Gali is Kala Bagh.

A number of hotels and guest houses are available in Nathia Gali which provide reasonable accommodation to the tourists. The best available hotels are Pine View Hotel and Greens Hotel.   

Nathia Gali also has a small seasonal church, St Matthews (attached to the St Luke's Church, Abbottabad)  which was constructed during the time of the British Raj. It is totally made of wood. It is at the edge of the mountain from which there is a beautiful sight. Kashmir can be seen right behind this church, and is a wonderful scene.

## Subdivisions
The Union Council of Nathia Gali is divided into the following areas: Bagan, Donga Gali, Jhansa, Keri Sarafali, Lassan, Malach, Nathiagali and Pasala.

## Related pages
*Murree

## References
## Other websites
* Nathia Gali pictures 
* Governors House
Fibonacci number

]]

The **Fibonacci numbers** are a sequence of numbers in mathematics named after Leonardo of Pisa, known as Fibonacci. Fibonacci wrote a book in 1202, called *Liber Abaci* ("Book of Calculation"), which introduced the number pattern to Western European mathematics, although mathematicians in India already knew about it. 

The first number of the pattern is 0, the second number is 1, and each number after that is equal to adding the two numbers right before it together. For example 0+1=1 and 3+5=8.  This sequence goes on forever.  

:

This can be written as a recurrence relation,
:F_{n} = F_{n-1} + F_{n-2}

For this to make sense, at least two starting points need to be given. Here, F_{0} = 0 and F_1 = 1. 

## Fibonacci numbers in nature
 head displaying florets in spirals of 34 and 55 around the outside]]
Fibonacci numbers are related to the *golden ratio*, which shows up in many places in buildings and in nature. Some examples are the pattern of leaves on a stem, the parts of a pineapple, the flowering of artichoke, the uncurling of a fern and the arrangement of a pine cone. The Fibonacci numbers are also found in the family tree of honeybees.

## Binet's Formula
The nth Fibonacci number can be written in terms of the golden ratio. This avoids having to use recursion to calculate Fibonacci numbers, which can take a computer a long time to do.

:F_n = \frac{\varphi^n - (1-\varphi)^n}{\sqrt{5}}

Where \varphi = \frac{1+\sqrt{5}}{2}, the golden ratio.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Fibonacci primes
* Online Fibonacci calculator
Orgnac-l'Aven

'''Orgnac-l'Aven'* is a commune in the Ardèche *département'' in southern France.

The Aven d'Orgnac cave is located near the village.
2 (disambiguation)

**2** and **two** may mean:
* 2 (number), a number, numeral, and glyph
* 2, the year 2 AD
* 2 BC, the year 2 BC

In **music**
* #2, the pseudonym of American musician Paul Gray when he performed with Slipknot

In **sports**:
* catcher, position number 2  on a baseball team

In **television**:
*  Leoben Conoy, the Cylon model also known as Number 2 on *Battlestar Galactica*

**2** may also mean:
* 2 Pallas, a large asteroid
* defecation, sometimes referred to as Number 2, as opposed to Number 1 (urination)
*  The word *too* in internet slang
Nambal, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa

**Nambal** is one of the 51 Union Councils of Abbottabad district in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan.

## Location 
Nambal is a mountainous area in the east of the district bordering Kashmir, where it has trade and tribal links. The Union Council takes its name from the main village of the area - i.e. Nambal.

There are also  famous villages called Leeran,Bribagla, Mujot, Langaloot, Nakthar,Mujhot,etc. at the top of a mountain with a view of Azad Kashmir, Murree and Thandiani. Because of the mountains this small valley is very difficult to get to.

## Climate 
The valley is full of Bhayar trees.and at the top of these villages a beautiful view of TOPA, there is beautiful forest of Bhayar tree.  As these village are on a mountain it receives 3–4 feet of snow during winter. Winters are extremely cold while summers are very pleasant.

## Subdivisions 
The Union Council is divided into two areas Majuhan and Nambal - as part of the local government reforms of 2000 Majuhan was merged into Nambal Union Council.

## References
Nagri Totial

**Nagri Tutial** (also known as Nagri Totial) is one of the 51 Union Councils of Abbottabad District in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan.

## Meaning
Nagri Tutial which means *the town of the Tutials* is named after Abassi chief Toota Khan (a son of Doomat Khan).

## Tribes
Most of the people of Nagri Tutial are from the Tutial branch of the Dhund Abbasi tribe.

## Location 
Nagri Tutial a famous and  beautiful village in Pakistan. It is in the south east of the district, next to the Punjab. Nagri Tutial shares a borders with the other Union Councils in Abbottabad District - to the north and east with Seer Gharbi, to the west with Nara, and to the south with Lora. Nagri Tutial is 1243 metres (4081&nbsp;feet) above the level of the sea.

## People of Nagri Tutial
The people or Nagri Tutial are hardworking and dedicated and work far away in various places, throughout Pakistan, to earn their living. They are politically conscious and careful in electing their local representatives. In the past, members of parliament from this area have done little or nothing to help in development and this has made the majority of people wary. 
At this time, the people have only just recently obtained a regular electricity supply to the village. They have also had various roads built connecting them to various parts, the earliest such roads were the Upper Dewal—Kohala Road and the Ghora Gali—Lora Road begun in 1964, and finished in 1968. Since then, there is a regular and strong local demand for more tourism infrastructure development and basic facilities.

## References
Namli Maira

**Namli Maira** is one of the 51 Union Councils of Abbottabad District in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan.

## History
### 2005 earthquake
8 October 2005 was one of the worst days in the history of Pakistan. An earthquake of magnitude 7.6 struck the Northern Areas as well as Kashmir. The quake brought huge destruction. Namli Maira was partially damaged, but the aftershocks were felt in this area even in December. Houses were damaged but the death toll was very low.

## Location 
Namli Maira is between 34° 07.33' N, 073° 23.00' E in Abbottabad District. The Union Council is a collection of small hamlets, and takes its name from the largest two, Namli and Maira. These settlements are nestled on mountains about 20 kilometres from the city of Abbottabad. Miranjani, the highest peak of the area, is also in Namli Maira.

From Mera Jani, Azad Kashmir, River Jhelum, (Kohala) Tarbela lake, Abbottabad city, Havelian, Mountains of Naran kaghan & IIOJK and other far places can easily be seen.

Namli Maira is mainly a mountainous rural area. The nearest city to Namli Maira is Abbottabad which is also its Tehsil and District capital.

## Administration 
The Union Council is administratively divided into the following areas: Dhaki Khaitar, Namli Maira, Noormang and Pangoora.

## People 
The majority of the people of Namli Maira belong to the Karlal tribe. Other tribes in this area are: Turks, the Mughals, Malik and Awans and Dhund Abbasi, although they are in a minority. People are religious and are all Muslims.

## Fruits 
Fruit like pears, apples, black grapes, grapes, figs, peaches, damson plums, mulberries, wild figs, lemons, and apricots grow in abundance in Namli Maira. As the hill people lack awareness about the markets, these fruits only meet the requirement of local people. They are not for sale in a market.

## Forests 
Most of the area of these hilly hamlets and villages is covered with trees. Peaks are covered with evergreen trees including pine, walnut, oak and maple trees. Herbs, shrubs, wild flowers and thorny bushes can be seen in abundance. Goats and other pet animals graze in pastures. Most of the people used forest wood as fuel for daily use and also for home construction.

## Education 
Literacy rate: Namli Maira village has one of the highest literacy rates for the district. The literacy rate of Namli Maira is about 85%. There are both girls' and boys' schools here. There are primary schools for boys and girls, Government Boys High School, and Girls High school. Private English Medium Schools (Model Public School Namli, Habib Model School Etc.) are also here – these account for the high literacy rate.

## References
Trans-Karakoram Tract

The **Trans-Karakoram Tract** is an area of approximately 5,300&nbsp;km² that was transferred by a border agreement from the Pakistani-administered Northern Areas to China in 1963 with the proviso that the settlement was subject to the final solution of the Kashmir dispute. Pakistan says that it was a no-man's undemarcated border land, hence no question arises of its being transferred. It is claimed by India as part of the state of Jammu and Kashmir.

The tract, called **Shaksgam**, is technically part of Shigar, a valley of Baltistan region of Ladakh Province. The Raja of Shigar controlled this land until 1971, when Pakistan abolished the Raja government system. A polo ground in Shaksgam was built by the Amacha Royal family of Shigar, and the Rajas of Shigar used to invite the Amirs of Yarkand to play polo there. All the names of the mountains, lakes, rivers and passes are in Balti/Ladakhi, suggesting that this land has been part of Baltistan/Ladakh province for a long time.

The Tract is one of the most inhospitable areas of the world, with some of the highest mountains including Broad Peak, Gasherbrum and Masherbrum, and is adjacent to the highest battlefield in the world at Siachen Glacier.
Rochecolombe

** Rochecolombe ** is a commune in the Ardèche *département* in southern France.

## Related pages
*Communes of the Ardèche department
Saint-Cierge-la-Serre

**Saint-Cierge-la-Serre** is a commune in the Ardèche *département* in the Rhône Valley in southern France.

## Other websites
* Saint-Cierge-la-Serre website
Saint-Didier-sous-Aubenas

** Saint-Didier-sous-Aubenas ** is a commune in southern France. It is in the Ardèche *département* in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region.

## Population 
## Sources
Dead Sea scrolls

The **Dead Sea Scrolls** are about 1,000 documents. They include texts from the Hebrew Bible. They were found between 1947 and 1979 in eleven caves in and around the Wadi Qumran (near the ruins of the ancient settlement of Khirbet Qumran, on the northwest shore of the Dead Sea) in the West Bank. The religious and historical texts are very important as they include practically the only known surviving copies of Biblical documents made before 100 CE. They show evidence of many different beliefs and practices within late Second Temple Judaism. 

## Related pages 
* Shrine of the Book
Oak Creek Township, Saunders County, Nebraska

**Oak Creek** is a township of Saunders County, in the state of Nebraska, in the United States.  As of 2020, 916 people were living in the township.  The village of Valparaiso is in Oak Creek.

## References
## Other websites
*City-Data.com
Buzzcocks

**Buzzcocks** were a punk rock band from Bolton, England. They started in 1976.
, Pete Shelley, John Maher,Chris Remmington, @ Hellfest 2013.]]

## Discography 
; Studio albums

* *Another Music in a Different Kitchen* (1978)
* *Love Bites* (1978)
* *A Different Kind of Tension* (1979)
* *Trade Test Transmissions* (1993)
* *All Set* (1996)
* *Modern* (1999)
* *Buzzcocks* (2003)
* *Flat-Pack Philosophy* (2006)
* *The Way* (2014)

## References
Dysprosium

**Dysprosium** () is a chemical element with the symbol **Dy** and atomic number 66. It has a very high melting temperature of 1,407°C. It can also absorb neutrons. This makes it very suitable for use with nuclear reactors and lasers. 

Dysprosium is a rare earth element that has a metallic, bright silver luster.

Dysprosium was first identified in Paris in 1886 by French chemist Paul Émile Lecoq de Boisbaudran.

## Compounds 
* Fluorides: DyF3
* Chlorides: DyCl2, DyCl3
* Bromides: DyBr2, DyBr3
* Iodides: DyI2, DyI3
* Oxides: Dy2O3
* Sulfides: Dy2S3
* Nitrides: DyN

## Other websites 
* WebElements.com – Dysprosium
* Los Alamos National Laboratory – Dysprosium
New York Dolls

**New York Dolls** are a glam punk band from New York City.  They were formed in 1971. They sometimes dressed in women's clothes. They made two albums: *New York Dolls* (1973) and *Too Much Too Soon* (1974). Two of their members, Johnny Thunders and Jerry Nolan started the punk band The Heartbreakers.
Anti-Flag

**Anti-Flag** is a punk rock band from Pittsburgh.  They were formed in 1988.

## Discography 
### Studio Albums 
**Die for the Government* (1996) New Red Archives
*''Their System Doesn't Work for You* (1998) A-F Records
**A New Kind of Army* (1999) Go-Kart Records/A-F Records
**Underground Network* (2001) Fat Wreck Chords
**Mobilize* (2002) A-F Records
**The Terror State* (2003) Fat Wreck Chords #91 US
**For Blood and Empire* (2006) RCA Records #100 US
**The Bright Lights of America* (2008) RCA Records #118 US
**The People or The Gun* (2009) SideOneDummy
**The General Strike* (2012) SideOneDummy Records

### 7" Records 
**Kill Kill Kill* 7" (1995) Self-Served/Ripe Records
**Emigre* single 7" (2006) RCA Records
*The Bright Lights Of America (single) 7" (2008) RCA Records

### Split EPs & Full Lengths 
* *Rock'n with Father Mike*  7" w/the Bad Genes (1993) Ripe Records
* *Reject*  7" w/Against All Authority (1996) Records Of Rebellion/A-F Records
* God Squad/Anti-Flag split 7" (1996)
* *North America Sucks* full length w/ d.b.s. (1996) Nefer Records
* *I'd Rather Be In Japan*  7" w/Obnoxious (1997) NAT Records
* The Dread/Anti-Flag split full length (1998) SixWeeks Records/Clearview Records
* *BYO Split Series, Vol. 4* full length w/the Bouncing Souls (2002) BYO Records

### Other releases 
* *Live at the Fireside Bowl* (2000) Liberation Records
* *A Benefit for Victims of Violent Crime (EP)* (2007) A-F Records

;Compilations on which Anti-Flag appears
* *Fat Music, Volume 5: Live Fat, Die Young*
* *Dropping Food on Their Heads Is Not Enough: Benefit for RAWA* (2002) Geykido Comet Records
* *Against Police Injustice* (2003) Non Commercial.
* *PROTECT: A Benefit for the National Association to Protect Children* (2005) Fat Wreck Chords
* *Rock Against Bush, Vol. 1* (2004) Fat Wreck Chords
* *World Warped III Live* (2000) Side One Dummy
* *Warped Tour 2001 Tour Compilation* (2001) Side One Dummy Records
* *Warped Tour 2004 Tour Compilation* (2004) Side One Dummy Records
* *Warped Tour 2006 Tour Compilation* (2006) Side One Dummy Records
* *Punk Goes Acoustic 2* (2007) Fearless Records

### Side projects 
* Justin Sane – Solo
** 3 Track Demo Tape (2001)
** *These Are the Days* EP (2002)
** *Life, Love, and the Pursuit of Justice* (2002)

*Chris #2 – Whatever It Takes
** *A Fistful of Revolution* full length CD
** *Stars & Skulls* EP
** *The Cold of Winter*
** *The 40 Second Cure* (an EP of 40 second songs, and two Cure covers)
** *A Fistful of Revolution/Stars & Skulls*
** The Code/Whatever It Takes split 10"
** The Code/Whatever It Takes split CD

*Andy Wright (Flag)
** *Teddy Duchamp's Army*
** *Human Investment''

## Other websites 
* Official site 
* Anti-Flag on MySpace
* The People United, an Anti-Flag community/fan site
The Donnas

**The Donnas** were a hard rock band from Palo Alto, California.  They were formed in 1993. The members are all girls.

## Discography 
* The Donnas (1997)
* American Teenage Rock 'n' Roll Machine (1998)
* Get Skintight (1999)
* The Donnas Turn 21 (2001)
* Spend the Night (2002)
* Gold Medal (2004)
* Bitchin' (2007)
Saint-Andéol-de-Berg

**Saint-Andéol-de-Berg** is a commune in the Ardèche department and Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region of France.

## Other websites
*Official Web site
Saint-Andéol-de-Vals

** Saint-Andéol-de-Vals ** is a commune in the Ardèche department and Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region of France.
Weezer

**Weezer** is an American alternative rock band from Los Angeles. They were formed in 1992.

## Members 
### Current Members 
*Rivers Cuomo — lead vocals, lead guitar (1992–present)
* Patrick Wilson — drums, vocals (1992–present)
* Brian Bell — rhythm guitar, vocals (1993–present)
* Scott Shriner — bass, vocals (2001–present)

### Former members 
* Jason Cropper — guitar, backing vocals (1992–1993)
* Matt Sharp — bass, backing vocals (1992–1998)
* Mikey Welsh — bass, backing vocals (1998–2001)

## Discography 
* *Weezer (Blue Album)* (1994)
* *Pinkerton* (1996)
* *Weezer (Green Album)* (2001)
* *Maladroit* (2002)
* *Make Believe* (2005)
* *Weezer (Red Album)* (2008)
* *Raditude* (2009)
* *Hurley* (2010)
* *Death to False Metal* (2010)
* *Everything Will Be Alright in the End* (2014)
* *Weezer (White Album)* (2016)
* *Pacific Daydream* (2017)
* *Weezer (Teal Album)* (2019)
* *Weezer (Black Album)* (2019)
* *OK Human* (2021)
* *Van Weezer* (2021)
* *SZNZ: Spring* (2022)
* *SZNZ: Summer* (2022)
* SZNZ: Autumn (2022)
* SZNZ: Winter (2022)

## References
County government in Nebraska

**County government in Nebraska** is organized in two ways:
*Township counties: the county is divided into townships and governed by a 7-member board of supervisors. 27 counties are governed this way.
*Commissioner counties: the county is governed by a 3- or 5-member board of commissioners, but is *not* divided into organized townships. 66 counties are governed in this way.

## Elected county officials 
*Board of Commissioners (commissioner counties) or Board of Supervisors (township counties)
*County assessor
*County attorney
*County clerk
*County sheriff
*County treasurer
*Register of Deeds

Other county officials (such as the county Surveyor and the election commissioners) are appointed; in smaller counties, these officials may be shared by multiple counties.

## Other websites
*Nebraska Blue Book 
*Nebraska Association of County Officials
Nawansher Urban

**Nawansher Urban** is one of the 51 Union Councils of Abbottabad District in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan nawansher has a historical significance in area the majority people of nawansher belong from jadoon pashtun tribe . It is in the north of the district.

## References
4chan

**4chan** is an English language website based on the Japanese Futaba Channel where people can post and discuss pictures and other images. These types of sites are called imageboards. It was started in 2003 by Christopher Poole, known as "moot" online, who was 15 years old at the time. On the website, users post pictures and discuss them. When the site started, it was for discussing anime and manga, but now many other topics are discussed. One of the boards on the site, called "/b/", is dedicated to random topics and is often mentioned in media. Several Internet memes have started at 4chan, including lolcats and rickrolling. People have associated it with the alt-right, neo-Nazis and Holocaust deniers, as well as those part of the Red-Brown coalition, due to there being sections devoted to them.

## References 
## Other websites 
*
Palak Muchhal

**Palak Muchhal** is a singer from Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India. She and her younger brother Palaash Muchhal perform stage shows across India and abroad to raise funds for the poor children who need money for treatment of heart disease.

 Until January 2013 money collected through her charity shows has helped to save lives of 556 children suffering from heart ailments. Muchhal has made her entry in both Guinness Book of World Records and Limca Book of World Records for great achievements in social work. Her work is also recognized by the Government of India and other public institutions through various awards and honors. Muchhal also gives her voice as a Bollywood playback singer.

## References
Phalkot

**Phalkot** is one of the 51 Union Councils of Abbottabad District in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. Most of the people are Awans with some Dhund Abbasis. Most of the people are poor and lead a simple life.

## Location 
Phalkot Malsa is located at 34° 9' 40N 73° 22' 30E and has a height of 1747 metres (5734&nbsp;feet).

## Subdivisions
The Union Council is subdivided into two areas Phalkot and Malsa, that include other settlements including Kutli Sehana Jandar Bari Buni Gali and Upri Kutli.

## Language 
The Hindko language is widely spoken throughout the area, Urdu being national language also understand and spoken here. English and Pashto is spoken and understood by some people

## References
Trans-Neptunian object

and its moon Dysnomia are both Trans-Neptunian Objects]]

**Trans-Neptunian object** or **TNO** is a name astronomers give to any minor planet in the Solar System which orbits (travels around) the Sun beyond the planet Neptune. There are over a thousand Trans-Neptunian objects. Many are in the Kuiper belt.

## References
Phallah

**Phallah** is a Union Council of Abbottabad District in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province, Pakistan. 

## Subdivisions
The following villages are in the Union Council of Phallah:
* Phallah
* Ghambir (biggest village in area)
* Rakhala/ Bagla
* Rupper/ Riala / Atteran
* Charbot / Badala
* Kund Battal / Slaig /Baujura
* Rahi/ Chinkot
* Dakhan Paiser 
* Mohallah Sherpur, it is traditionally believed that this village was given to a chief of the Karalal tribe

## Ethnic Groups 
The **karaals (Karlal**) and  Dhund Abbasis are about 50% of its total population. Other tribes like  Awans, Rajput, Khokhars, Moghals  are also living side by side with harmony and brotherhood. Students of Phallah used to very famous in surrounding area due to their intelligence. The people of Phallah are well educated and are serving as doctors, engineers, defence forces officers, lawyers and accountants, s well as in several other professions.

## Location 
Phallah Village is on the Lora Road.
The Union Council of Phallah is in the most south-westerly part of Abbottabad District, to the east it is bordered by Haripur District and to the south it borders the Rawalpindi District of Punjab province. Due to its location it is an easily accessible village. Phallah is on the backside of Marghalla hills. Islamabad is 15&nbsp;km away from Phallah. To the east of Phallah muree is  away.

## References
Pind Kargu Khan

**Pind Kargu Khan** is one of the 51 Union Councils of Abbottabad District in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan  it is 28&nbsp;km from Abbottabad city.

The huge forest of pine tree named Kohe-e-Balehana is located on the peak of Sando Gali, most of the people are farming - the main crops are maze and wheat. It has a beautiful valley with the flower of Rose, Chambali (Jasmine), Sunflower. 

The main fruits are Apricot, Grapes, Pomegranate, Watermelon, Pear, Guava, Lemon, Locate, Peach, Apple, strawberry etc.

## Subdivisions
The Union Council is subdivided into the following areas: Bacha Kalan, Bacha Khurd, Bandi Nikra, Bareela, Barkot, Chahar, Chatha, Gandah, Haal, Kanger Bala, Kangrora, Khalora Tarla, Khalora Utla, Khanda Khoo, Lakhala, Pind, Pind Kargu Khan, Kotha Doga, Dhakian, Beesala, Marmanian, Rakran, Amliala, Loola, Kotera, Jabri, Bandi, Chharat, Bagarian, Sando Gali, Chhajian, Badyal, Sohaie, Baliana, Chanjeela, meherh, Ghumanian, Tredda, Khukhri, Sahra, Darra, Manna, Sarran, Pohar, Rata, Nazran, Mankran, Sharula, Sahi Parrian, 
Sari, Sher Shah and Tandhara

## References
Pattan Kalan

**Pattan Kalan** is one of the 51 Union Councils of Abbottabad District in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan.

## Location 
Pattan Kalan is in the eastern edge of Abbottabad District and is next to Muzaffarabad District of Kashmir. It is also next the following Union Councils of Abbottabad District, Kukmang and Boi to the north, Kuthwal to the west, Beerangali and Nambal to the south

## Subdivisions
The Union Council is subdivided into the following areas: Bandi Sararha, Banota, Chamiali, drair,Khokhriala, Larri, Sialkot,Dawatta , khoi , bagla

Maseena Kalan and Pattan Kalan. Maseena Kalan is a big village.

## References
Salhad

**Salhad** is one of the 51 Union Councils (sub-divisions) of Abbottabad District in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan.

The Union Council of Salhad is named after what was the main village of the area, but today has  become a part of Abbottabad city.

## People
The population of the town is now over 21,000.

## Subdivisions
Salhad Union Council is subdivided into two areas Salhad and Khokar.

## References
Sarbhana

**Sarbhana** is one of the 51 Union Councils of Abbottabad District in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan.

## Location 
Sarbhana is in the west of the district, it is next to following Union Councils, to the north by Kakul, Kuthwal and Beerangali, to the east by  Phalkot, to the south by Namli Maira, Bagnotar and Bagh, and to the west by Dhamtour (Sungli Narrian village).

## Subdivisions
The Union Council is subdivided into the following areas: Aziz Bang, Desal, Khan, Sadra, Dharay, Sarbhana, Seergah,Mohar and Narian Khurd. The top of hill village Sungli and Mohalla Trippa.

## Tribes
The main tribes of this area are Barcha kheil, Sheikhmali kheil andGurham Zai (Golni Cheerah - a Jadoon clan) and the Malik, Shohallian (Jadoon).

## References
Asteroid moon

and its moon Dactyl.]]
An **asteroid moon** is an asteroid that orbits or goes around another asteroid. Asteroid moons are quite rare. Only 2% of asteroids are thought to have moons.

To be an asteroid moon, an asteroid has to be smaller than the object it goes around. If they are roughly the same size they are called a binary pair. 

Dimorphos is an asteroid moon that is famous as the target of the Double Asteroid Redirection Test. 

## References 
# Chiang, E.; Lithwick, Y.; Buie, M.; Grundy, W.; Holman, M.; *A Brief History of Trans-Neptunian Space*, to appear in *Protostars and Planets V* (August 2006)
Sheikhul Bandi

**Sheikhul Bandi** is one of the 51 Union Council (sub-divisions) of Abbottabad District in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. It is in the valley toward the north-west of the Sarban Hills. It is located at 34°8'60N, 73°13'60E 

## People
Most people of Sheikhul Bandi are the Jadoons. The main language is Hindko although Urdu and pashto is also spoken and understood.

## Subdivisions
The Union Council is subdivided into the following areas: Cantonment, Qasba Abbottabad, Sheikhulbandi and Rakh Civil Military.

## References
Sherwan

**Sherwan** is a Union Council of Abbottabad District in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. It is  west of the city of Abbottabad.

## People
Over 15,000 people live in Sherwan. The local language is Hindko. Urdu is also understood and spoken by local peoples. The main tribes of this area are the Tanolis and the Awans.

## Location
Sherwan is in a beautiful valley which is surrounded by large, forested mountains on three sides. Wild animals live in these forests, such as jackals, wolves, pigs, porcupines and sometimes tigers. Sherwan is divided into two parts: Sherwan Khurd (small) and Sherwan Kalan (wide).  Sherwan Kalan covers a much larger area than Sherwan Khurd. In the northeast of Sherwan Union Council there is another place called Patheel.

## Subdivisions
The Union Council of Sherwan is subdivided into the following areas: Beri, Kharperh, Thethi Ahmed Khan, Chakar Bain, Chorgran, Juna, Kamila, Kangar Palan, Sherwan Kalan, Sherwan Khurd, Khalabat, Chamhati, Kumharan (Amirabad), Thorey, Kalar Khaitar, Bamochi, Bhateel and Shaheedabad(**Cheera**).

## References
Tajwal

**Tajwal** is one of the 51 Union Councils of Abbottabad District in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan.

## Location 
Tajwal is in the south of the district and is in the north western part of Havelian Tehsil, it is next to the following union councils, Nathia Gali to the north, Palak to the east, Seer Gharbi and Nara to the south, as well as Dewal Manal and Nara to the west.

Tajwal is a beautiful and scenic valley, near by Changla Gali en route from Murree to Abbottabad.

## Subdivisions
The Union Council of Tajwal is subdivided into the following areas: Nowshera, Pirkot, Tajwal and Topla.

## References
Sanctuary

]]

A **sanctuary**, in its original meaning, is a sacred place, such as a shrine or temple. By the use of such places as a safe haven, the term has come to be used for any place of safety. This secondary use can be a human sanctuary, such as a political sanctuary; and non-human sanctuary, such as an animal or plant sanctuary.
Parody mass

A **parody mass** is a musical setting of the mass that uses melodies from other musical works. This kind of mass was popular in the 16th century. "Parody" in this sense does not mean "parody" in the modern meaning of the word. It is not about poking fun at something. A parody mass is one that borrows musical material. The music might be borrowed from a chanson or motet, usually one by another composer. At that time there was nothing shameful about using other composer's tunes. Today it would be called plagiarism (stealing other people's ideas).

The parody mass was very popular during the Renaissance: Palestrina wrote about 50 parody masses. Some examples of early parody masses include the *Missa Malheur me bat*, *Missa Mater Patris*, and *Missa Fortuna desperata* by Josquin Desprez. By the middle of the 16th century, a large number of masses composed used the parody technique.
Interstate 12

**Interstate 12** is a  long Interstate Highway in Louisiana, connecting Interstate 10 at each end. It goes from Baton Rouge to Slidell.

## References
**Notes**
Interstate 4

**Interstate 4** is a  Interstate Highway in state of Florida. It runs from Interstate 275 in Tampa to Interstate 95 in Daytona Beach. It also travels through Orlando.

## References
Dysnomia (moon)

. Eris is not as big as it appears: the image was over-exposed for Dysnomia to be visible]]
**Dysnomia** is the only known moon of the dwarf planet Eris. It was found on September 10, 2005 by Michael E. Brown and his team at the W. M. Keck Observatory. It is probably about 600 km in diameter (across), (from the Ancient Greek word  that means "lawlessness") after the daughter of the Greek goddess Eris.

## References and notes
Palak

**Palak** is one of the 51 Union Councils of Abbottabad District in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan.

## Location 
Palak is in the southeastern edge of Abbottabad District and is next to Punjab province and Kashmir, it is also next to the following Union Councils of Abbottabad District, Seer Gharbi to the west, Nathiagali to the North and Malkot to the north west.

Palak is the gateway into Abbottabad District.

## Subdivisions
Palak is the largest Union Council of the Circle Bakote area, in 2000 Malkot which used to be a Union Council was joined into Palak.

Palak UC is subdivided into the following areas:
Arwar, Darwaza, Kala Bon, Longal, Malkot, Palak, Riala (Riyala) and Soorjal (Surajaal).

## People
The total population of the Palak is almost 5,000, the main tribes of Palak are the Dhund Abbasi, Gujars and Sattis.

## References
Robert Tear

**Robert Tear** (Barry, Glamorgan, Wales on 8 March 1939 – 29 March 2011) was a Welsh tenor and conductor.

Robert Tear (“Tear” rhymes with “dear”) was educated in Wales.  He sang in the choir at St. Paul's Cathedral and then became a choral scholar at King’s College, Cambridge.

In 1961 he left Cambridge and  started his career as a soloist.  He soon became very successful, singing with the English Opera Group.  He became well known for singing many roles in the operas of Benjamin Britten.  He sang the part of Quint in *The Turn of the Screw*, including performances in Moscow and Leningrad.

Tear sang solos with many great orchestras under many famous conductors including Leonard Bernstein, Carlo Maria Giulini and Herbert von Karajan.  He sang in many famous opera houses in the world.  He made over 250 recordings including many cantatas of Johann Sebastian Bach, Benjamin Britten’s Serenade, Nocturne and the War Requiem and Gustav Mahler’s *Das Lied von der Erde*.  He also recorded many Lieder including Schubert’s *Die Winterreise*.

Robert Tear often conducted in his later years.  In 1985 he conducted in Minneapolis in the United States.  He conducted many orchestras including the Northern Sinfonia, English Chamber Orchestra, Philharmonia, Royal Liverpool Philharmonic Orchestra, Royal Scottish National Orchestra and the Scottish Chamber Orchestra.

As a singer Tear was especially known for his singing of the music of British composers Benjamin Britten and Tippett. He was the first to sing the role of Dov in Tippett's opera *The Knot Garden*.  He was also well known for his duets with the baritone Benjamin Luxon.  They sang many Victorian parlour songs (popular songs) together.

From 1992 to 1994, he was Artistic Director of the Vocal Faculty of the London Royal Schools of Music.  He held the Chair of International Singing at the Royal Academy of Music.  He was an honorary member of King’s College, Cambridge and was made a CBE in 1984. He died in London in 2011.

## References
Pawa Union Council

**Pawa** is one of the 51 Union Councils of Abbottabad District in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan.

## Location 
The Union Council of Pawa is in the North West of the district (and to the north west of Abbottabad city) towards Mansehra District. Neighbouring Union Councils are Kothiala to the south and Thathi Faqir Sahib to the north.

## Subdivisions 
The Union Council is subdivided into the following areas:

## References
4 Baruch

***4 Baruch***, also called *Paraleipomena of Jeremiah* (*Paralipomena Jeremiae*), contains the Rest of the Words of Baruch and the Epistle of Jeremy. 

This religious text is said to be a part of the Old Testament by the Ethiopian Orthodox Church. Other Christian denominations do not include in the Bible. 

## Related pages
* Book of Baruch
* 2 Baruch
* 3 Baruch
Erbium

**Erbium** () is an element on the periodic table. Its symbol is **Er**. Its atomic number is 68 which means it has 68 protons in an atom. It is a lanthanide and, along with yttrium, terbium, and ytterbium, is one of the four elements to be named after the town of Ytterby in Sweden, all of which are rare earth elements.

## Related pages
* Periodic table
* List of common elements
Michael Hurst

**Michael Eric Hurst** (born 20 September 1957, in Lancashire, England) is a New Zealand actor, director and writer. He works mostly on stage and television. He is probably best known for playing Iolaus in the television programs *Hercules: The Legendary Journeys* and *Xena: Warrior Princess*.

Hurst is the oldest of three brothers. When he was seven his family moved to Christchurch, New Zealand. He studied at Papanui High School. After high school, he went to  the University of Canterbury  but for only one year.

He married New Zealand actress Jennifer Ward-Lealand in 1988. They have two sons: Jack Louis Ward Hurst, born in 1997, and Cameron Lane Ward Hurst, born in 1999.

In 2003, Hurst received the Laureate Award from the Arts Foundation of New Zealand.  He was later made an Officer of the New Zealand Order of Merit in 2005 "for services to film and the theatre".

## Filmography 
### Starring roles 
### Guest-starring roles 
### Director 
### Writer 
## Other websites 
* 
* Michael Hurst's Official Website with his curriculum vitae
* Michael Hurst Now: Michael Hurst's Projects Since Hercules The Legendary Journeys
* Maddigan's Quest: Official Site
Palak (disambiguation)

**Palak** may refer to:

*Palak, one of the 51 Union Councils of Abbottabad District in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan
*Palak Muchhal, a teenage singer from Indore city in Madhya Pradesh state of India
*Saag Palak, the Hindi and Urdu word for spinach (see the dish palak paneer)
Trauma Center (series)

The ***Trauma Center*** series is a series of video games that are electronic games played on a video screen. They were released for the Nintendo DS and Wii game consoles. It is a medical simulator starring a doctor named Derek Stiles and a nurse named Angie Thompson who operate on patients. They often have to fight a deadly disease called "GUILT". 

## Games 
* *Trauma Center: Under the Knife* (Nintendo DS, 2005)
* *Trauma Center: Second Opinion* (Wii, 2006)
* *Trauma Center: New Blood* (Wii, 2007)
* *Trauma Center: Under the Knife 2* (Nintendo DS, 2008)
* Trauma Team (Wii, 2010)

## Characters
Robert Downey Jr.

**Robert John Downey Jr.** (born April 4, 1965) is an American actor. One of his most famous roles is Tony Stark in the *Marvel Cinematic Universe* (2008–2019). He played Lewis Strauss in the 2023 Christopher Nolan movie *Oppenheimer*. He won an Academy Award, a Golden Globe Award, Screen Actors Guild Award and BAFTA Award for this role.

## Personal life
Downey was born in Manhattan, New York City, the younger of two children. His father, Robert Downey Sr. (1936 - 2021), was an actor, writer, producer, cinematographer, and director of underground films, and his mother, Elsie (née Ford) (1934 - 2014), was also an actress and appeared in Downey, Sr.'s movies. His paternal grandfather was of Lithuanian Jewish ancestry and his paternal grandmother was of Irish Canadian and Hungarian Jewish ancestry. His mother is of Scottish, English, German, and Swiss German ancestry. His father was born "Robert Elias", and changed his last name to "Downey" (after his stepfather James Downey), when he was a minor and wanted to enlist in the Army. He and his older sister, Allyson, grew up in Greenwich Village. 

### Soundtrack appearances
## Filmography
### Movie 
### Television
### Video game
## References
## Other websites
*
* Robert Downey, Jr interview at www.reviewgraveyard.com
* Robert Downey Jr. LiveJournal Community 
* https://www.celebszone.com/robert-downey-jr-quotes/  on https://www.celebszone.com/
Circulation

**Circulation** may be used in reference to:

*Circulatory system, a biological organ system whose primary function is to move substances to and from cells
*Circulation (fluid dynamics), the path integral of the fluid velocity around a closed curve
*Exhaust gas recirculation, a nitrogen oxide reduction technique
*Atmospheric circulation, the large-scale movement of air
*Newspaper circulation, the average number of copies of a newspaper distributed on a day
*Magazine circulation, the average number of copies of a periodical distributed per edition/ volume
*Library circulation, the activities around the lending of library books and other material to users of a lending library
*Circulation (currency), the transfer of currency through the hands of civilians
Saint-Laurent-les-Bains

**Saint-Laurent-les-Bains** is a former commune in the Ardèche *département* in southern France. On 1 January 2019, it was merged into the new commune of Saint-Laurent-les-Bains-Laval-d'Aurelle.

## References
Saint-Martin-d'Ardèche

'''Saint-Martin-d'Ardèche'* is a commune in the *département* of Ardèche in south France.

This village is at the south entrance of the Ardèche Canyon, the *Gorges de l'Ardèche''.
Synonym (taxonomy)

**Synonyms in taxonomy** are similar to normal synonyms, there are two (or more than two) names for the same thing in a scientific classification. For example, the cat has a few scientific names in: *Felis silvestris catus*, *Felis catus*, and *Felis catus domestica*.

In botany, the word "synonym" has a special meaning. There is one "correct name", and the other names are synonyms. For example, *Daemonorops draco* is the correct name of a species of palm trees, and *Calamus draco* is a synonym for the same species.

In zoology, there is one "valid name" and the others are "junior synonyms".

## Bibliography 
* 
*
Entertainment Weekly

***Entertainment Weekly*** is a magazine published by Time Warner in the United States. It has articles about movies, television, music, books, and popular culture. It contains news and reviews, and does not focus on celebrities. The first issue of *Entertainment Weekly* was in 1990. In 2003, its circulation was 1,635,623 copies.

## References
Saint-Just-d'Ardèche

'''Saint-Just-d'Ardèche'* is a *commune* in the Ardèche département in southern France. Before 1911, it was named as *Saint-Just''.

## Geography
Saint-Just-d'Ardèche is in the south of the Ardèche département, found on the shore of the Rhône River, between the Drôme and the Gard *département*.
Europium

**Europium** is a chemical element. It has the symbol **Eu** on the periodic table. It has an atomic number 63 which means it has 63 protons in one atom. It was named after the continent Europe. Its compounds can fluoresce, or glow under ultraviolet light.It costs $6700/KG. In the periodic table it stands next to samarium and gadolinium.

Color: Silvery White
Melting point: 826 degrees Celsius
Discovery Date: 1901

## Related pages
* Periodic table
* List of common elements
Saint-Sauveur-de-Montagut

**Saint-Sauveur-de-Montagut** is a commune of the Ardèche *département*, in southern France.

The rivers Eyrieux, Gluyere and Auzène flow through the town.