open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Michael Atiyah

**Sir Michael Francis Atiyah**  (; 22 April 1929 &ndash; 11 January 2019) was an English mathematician specialising in geometry. He won the Fields Medal in 1966 and the Abel Prize in 2004.

He was president of the Royal Society (1990–1995), master of Trinity College, Cambridge (1990–1997), chancellor of the University of Leicester (1995–2005), and president of the Royal Society of Edinburgh (2005–2008). From 1997 until his death, he was an honorary professor at the University of Edinburgh. During 2018 International Congress of Mathematicians, Atiyah said he had a proof for Riemann hypothesis.

He was elected a member of the Academia Europaea in 1988.

Atiyah died on 11 January 2019 in Edinburgh, Scotland at the age of 89.

## References
## Other websites
*Michael Atiyah tells his life story at Web of Stories
*The celebrations of Michael Atiyah's 80th birthday in Edinburgh, 20-24 April 2009
*Mathematical descendants of Michael Atiyah
Yves Meyer

**Yves F. Meyer** (; born 19 July 1939) is a French mathematician. He is known for proposing the Meyer wavelet. Meyer was awarded the Abel Prize in 2017.

He was teacher at the Prytanée national militaire (1960–1963), a teaching assistant at the Université de Strasbourg (1963–1966), a Professor at Université Paris-Sud (1966–1980), a Professor at École Polytechnique (1980–1986), a Professor at Université Paris-Dauphine (1985–1995), a Senior Researcher at the Centre national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS) (1995–1999), an Invited Professor at the Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers (2000), a Professor at École Normale Supérieure de Cachan (1999–2003), and has been a Professor Emeritus at Ecole Normale Supérieure de Cachan since 2004.

## References
## Other websites
*Gauss prize 2010
Isadore Singer

**Isadore Manuel Singer** (May 3, 1924 &ndash; February 11, 2021) was an American mathematician. He was an Institute Professor in the Department of Mathematics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and a Professor Emeritus of Mathematics at the University of California, Berkeley. 

Singer was known for his work with Michael Atiyah proving the Atiyah–Singer index theorem in 1962,. 

Singer died on February 11, 2021 at his home in Boxborough, Massachusetts at the age of 96.

## References
Lennart Carleson

**Lennart Axel Edvard Carleson** (born 18 March 1928) is a Swedish mathematician. He is known as a leader in the field of harmonic analysis and for his proof of Lusin's conjecture. He was awarded the Wolf Prize in Mathematics in 1992, the Lomonosov Gold Medal in 2002, the Sylvester Medal in 2003, and the Abel Prize in 2006.

He is a member of the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters. In 1993 he became a member of the Academia Europaea. In 2012 he became a fellow of the American Mathematical Society.

## References
Edamon

**Edamon** is a village in Punalur taluk in Kollam district in the state of Kerala, India.

## Demographics
 India census, Edamon had a population of 12453 with 5980 males and 6473 females.

## References
Edamulackal

**Edamulackal** is a village in Kollam district in the state of Kerala, India. Edamulackal is near the second fastest growing town of Kerala, Anchal. Edamulackal is developing fast in education and service sectors. The land allows many kinds of farming. Farms use water from the Ithikkara river.

## Demographics 
 India census, Edamulackal had a population of 22142 with 10586 males and 11556 females.

## References
John G. Thompson

**John Griggs Thompson** (born October 13, 1932) is an American mathematician. He works at the University of Florida. He is known for his work in the field of finite groups. He was awarded the Fields Medal in 1970, the Wolf Prize in 1992 and the 2008 Abel Prize.

## References
## Other websites
* List of mathematical articles by John G. Thompson
* Biography from the Abel Prize center
Jacques Tits

**Jacques Tits** (; 12 August 1930 &ndash; 5 December 2021) was a Belgium-born French mathematician. He worked on group theory and incidence geometry. He introduced Tits buildings, the Tits alternative, and the Tits group.

In 1988 he was elected a member of the Academia Europaea.

In 2008 he was awarded the Abel Prize, along with John Griggs Thompson, “for their profound achievements in algebra and in particular for shaping modern group theory.”

Tits died on 5 December 2021 at the age of 91.

## References
## Other websites
* Biography at the Abel Prize site  (pdf)
* List of publications at the Université libre de Bruxelles
Post-credits scene

A **post-credits scene** appears after or during the closing credits of a movie. They are mostly used to amuse the audience or tell them that a sequel is coming soon.

The first post-credits scene is usually thought to be in 1903's *The Great Train Robbery*, in which the leader of the outlaw aims his gun at the audience and fires it. They gained popularity during the 1980s. An example is ''Ferris Bueller's Day Off'', in which the title character tells the audience to leave the theatre.

Marvel Cinematic Universe movies are famous for these scenes, in which they usually tell the audience that a movie based on another Marvel hero is coming.

## Other websites
*What's after the credits?
*Movies with stingers
Mikhail Leonidovich Gromov

**Mikhail Leonidovich Gromov** (also **Mikhael Gromov**, **Michael Gromov** or **Mischa Gromov**; ; born 23 December 1943), is a French-Russian mathematician. He is known for work in geometry, analysis and group theory. He is a member of IHÉS in France and a Professor of Mathematics at New York University.

Gromov has won several prizes, including the Abel Prize in 2009 "for his revolutionary contributions to geometry".

He was elected a member of the Academia Europaea in 1993.

## References
## Other websites
*Personal page at IHÉS
*Personal page at NYU
*
Jean-Pierre Serre

**Jean-Pierre Serre** (; born 15 September 1926) is a French mathematician who has made contributions to algebraic topology, algebraic geometry, and algebraic number theory. He was awarded the Fields Medal in 1954 and the first Abel Prize in 2003.

In 2012 he became a fellow of the American Mathematical Society.

## References
## Other websites
* Jean-Pierre Serre, Collège de France, biography and publications.
* Jean-Pierre Serre  at the French Academy of Sciences, in French.
* Interview with Jean-Pierre Serre  in Notices of the American Mathematical Society.
* [An Interview with Jean-Pierre Serre](http://sms.math.nus.edu.sg/smsmedley/Vol-13-1/An%20interview%20with%20Jean-Pierre%20Serre(CT%20Chong%20&%20YK%20Leong).pdf) by C.T. Chong and Y.K. Leong, National University of Singapore.
* How to write mathematics badly a public lecture by Jean-Pierre Serre on writing mathematics.
* Biographical page  (in French)
John Tate

**John Torrence Tate Jr.** (March 13, 1925 &ndash; October 16, 2019) was an American mathematician. He was known for his works in algebraic number theory, arithmetic geometry and related areas in algebraic geometry. He was a professor emeritus at Harvard University. He was awarded the Abel Prize in 2010.

Tate was described as "one of the seminal mathematicians for the past half-century" by William Beckner, Chairman of the Department of Mathematics at the University of Texas.

Tate died at his home in Lexington, Massachusetts on October 16, 2019 at the age of 94.

## References
## Other websites
*Tate's home page
Llin Golding, Baroness Golding

**Llinos Golding, Baroness Golding** (born 21 March 1933) is a Labour Party politician. She currently sits in the House of Lords.   She is a radiographer and worked in the NHS and currently serves as Patron of the Society of Radiographers.

## References
Endre Szemerédi

**Endre Szemerédi** (born August 21, 1940) is a Hungarian-American mathematician. He worked in the field of combinatorics and theoretical computer science. He has been the State of New Jersey Professor of computer science at Rutgers University since 1986. 

He also holds a professor emeritus status at the Alfréd Rényi Institute of Mathematics of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences.

He was elected a member of the Academia Europaea in 2012.

## Awards and honors
Szemerédi has won numerous awards and honors for his contribution to mathematics and computer science. A few of them are listed here:
* Grünwald Prize (1967)
* Grünwald Prize (1968)
* Rényi Prize (1973)
* George Pólya Prize for Achievement in Applied Mathematics (SIAM), (1975)
* Prize of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences (1979)
* State of New Jersey Professorship (1986)
* The Leroy P. Steele Prize for Seminal Contribution to Research (AMS), (2008)
* The Rolf Schock Prize in Mathematics for deep and pioneering work from 1975 on arithmetic progressions in subsets of the integers (2008)
* The Széchenyi Prize of the Hungarian Republic for his many fundamental contributions to mathematics and computer science (2012)
* The Abel Prize for his fundamental contributions to discrete mathematics and theoretical computer science (2012)

## References
## Other websites
* Personal Homepage at the Alfréd Rényi Institute of Mathematics
* 
* Interview by Gabot Stockert (translated from the Hungarian into English by Zsuzsanna Dancso)
S. R. Srinivasa Varadhan

**Sathamangalam Ranga Iyengar Srinivasa Varadhan** FRS (born 2 January 1940) is an Indian-American mathematician. He is known for his fundamental contributions to probability theory and in particular for creating a unified theory of large deviations.

Varadhan's awards and honours include the National Medal of Science (2010) from President Barack Obama, "the highest honour bestowed by the United States government on scientists, engineers and inventors". In 2007, he was awarded the Abel Prize.

## References
## Other websites
* S. R. Srinivasa Varadhan, home page at the Courant Institute
Zendaya

**Zendaya Maree Stoermer Coleman** ( ; born September 1, 1996) is an American actress and singer. She has won many awards, including two Primetime Emmy Awards and a Golden Globe Award. In 2022, Time magazine named her one of the 100 most influential people in the world. The movies where she plays the main role have made more than $3.9 billion around the world.

Zendaya was born in Oakland, California. She started working as a child model and backup dancer.

## Career 
She became popular for playing Rocky Blue on the Disney Channel show *Shake It Up* (2010–2013). 

From 2015 to 2018, she produced and acted as K.C. Cooper in the sitcom *K.C. Undercover*. In 2019, she started playing the main role in the HBO drama series *Euphoria*. Her performance as a teenage drug addict made her the youngest winner of the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Drama Series. 

Her movie roles as supporting parts in the musical drama *The Greatest Showman* (2017) and the superhero movie *Spider-Man: Homecoming* (2017) and its sequel, *Spider-Man: Far from Home* (2019).

### Music 
In 2011, she released the singles "Swag It Out" and "Watch Me", the latter a collaboration with Bella Thorne. She signed with Hollywood Records in 2012. Her eponymous debut studio album (2013) was released to moderate success. The album's lead single, "Replay", reached the top 40 on the U.S. *Billboard* Hot 100 chart. 

Zendaya's biggest success as a musician came with her Zac Efron collaboration, "Rewrite the Stars", from *The Greatest Showman* in 2017. The single reached within the top 20 of several record charts and has received multi-platinum sales certifications globally. Zendaya has also written and performed several songs for *Euphoria*.

## Personal life 
Zendaya Maree Stoermer Coleman was born on September 1, 1996, in Oakland, California.  Zendaya’s father Kazembe Ajamu Coleman, who was born Samuel David Coleman, is Black American and originally from Arkansas. He is a descendant of sharecroppers. Her father took a DNA ancestry test and discovered he had some genetic ancestry from Nigeria, Macedonia, and Iceland. This discovery led him to change his birth name to what it is today.  Her mother, Claire Stoermer has German and Scottish ancestry. Her name means "to give thanks" in Shona and she has five siblings.

Zendaya lives in Los Angeles. She is vegetarian. She has been married to actor Tom Holland since 2026.

## Filmography
### Film
### Television
### Web 
### Music videos
#### As lead artist
#### As featured artist
#### As guest appearance 
## Discography
* *Zendaya* (2013)

## Concert tours
* Swag It Out Tour (2012–2014)

;Opening act
* Summer Tour  (2014)

## Awards and recognition
## Notes 
## References
## Other websites 
* 
*
John Spencer, 8th Earl Spencer

**Edward John** "**Johnnie**" **Spencer, 8th Earl Spencer**, MVO (24 January 1924 – 29 March 1992), styled **Viscount Althorp** until June 1975, was a British peer.

## Early life
Spencer was born in Bayswater, London, He was son of Albert Spencer and Lady Cynthia Hamilton

## Personal life
He was married to Frances Roche, They have five children by the marriage, He was remarried to Raine, Countess of Dartmouth in 1976.

He was the father of Diana, Princess of Wales. He was the maternal grandfather of Prince William, Duke of Cambridge and Prince Harry, Duke of Sussex.

## Death
Spencer died on 29 March 1992 at Wellington Hospital in London of a heart attack at the age of 68.

## References
## Other websites
*
Wang Qishan

**Wang Qishan** (; born 19 July 1948) is a Chinese retired politician who served as Vice President of the People's Republic of China from 2018 to 2023. Wang was one of the leading figures behind China's foreign affairs, along with President Xi Jinping and Premier Li Keqiang. Between 2012 and 2017, Wang had served as the Secretary of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, the Chinese Communist Party's internal control and anti-corruption body, and a member of the Politburo Standing Committee of the Chinese Communist Party. He has been instrumental in carrying out General Secretary Xi Jinping's anti-corruption campaign since 2013.

Wang gained prominence in China's financial sector in the late 1980s. In 1994, Wang became the Governor of the China Construction Bank. Wang then successively served in three regional roles: Vice-Governor of Guangdong, Party Secretary of Hainan, and Mayor of Beijing. Wang then served as Vice Premier of the People's Republic of China in charge of finance and commercial affairs under premier Wen Jiabao from March 2008 to March 2013, during which he also gained a seat on the party's Politburo.

Wang is considered to be among Xi Jinping's closest political allies. 

## References
## Other websites
* Biography of Wang QishanXinhua
* Wang Qishan biography @ China Vitae 
* Wang Qishan leaves Beijing Mayor post, leaves a legacy (Xinhua)
Koo Bon-moo

**Koo Bon-moo** (; 10 February 1945 – 20 May 2018) was a South Korean business executive. He was born in Jinju, South Korea. In 1995, Koo replaced his father Koo Cha-kyung as chairman of LG Group. Koo Bon-moo adopted his nephew Koo Kwang-mo in 2004.

Koo died of brain cancer on 20 May 2018 in Seoul at the age of 73.

## References
Sir Des Champs

**Sir Des Champs** (foaled 28 May 2006 &ndash; 18 May 2018) was a French-bred, Irish-trained AQPS racehorse. He competed in National Hunt races. 

After winning only one of his five races in his native country, Sir Des Champs was transferred to Ireland and won seven races in succession including the Martin Pipe Conditional Jockeys' Handicap Hurdle, Greenmount Park Novice Chase, Killiney Novice Chase, Jewson Novices' Chase and Growise Champion Novice Chase. The 2012/2013 saw the emergence of a rivalry between Sir Des Champs and another Irish-trained chaser Flemenstar. 

After beating his rival in the Hennessy Gold Cup, Sir Des Champs was regarded as a leading contender for the 2013 Cheltenham Gold Cup in which he finished second to Bobs Worth. 

He suffered a fatal injury when competing in Point-to-point racing on 18 May 2018 at the age of 11.

## References
Ernst Sieber

**Ernst Sieber** (24 February 1927&nbsp;– 19&nbsp;May 2018) was a Swiss pastor and politician. He founded in 1988 for *disadvantaged people, to help to alleviate the hardships around addiction, disease, violence and homelessness*. Sieber wrote books about his work as social worker to finance the foundation.

From 1991 to 1995 he represented the citizens of the Canton of Zürich as member of the Evangelische Volkspartei (EVP) political party in the *Nationalrat*, the lower Swiss parliament's house.

Sieber died on 19 May 2018 at the age of 91 in Hospital Triemli in Zurich.

## References
## Other websites
*
2016 Pacific hurricane season

The **2016 Pacific hurricane season** was an event in the annual cycle of tropical cyclone formation. It officially began May 15, 2016 in the eastern Pacific, designated as the area east of 140°W, and began on June 1, 2016 in the central Pacific, which is between the International Date Line and 140°W. Both seasons officially ended on November 30, 2016. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the eastern Pacific basin.

## Storms
### Hurricane Pali
### Tropical Depression One-E
### Tropical Storm Agatha
### Major Hurricane Blas
### Hurricane Celia
### Major Hurricane Darby
### Tropical Storm Estelle
### Hurricane Frank
### Major Hurricane Georgette
### Tropical Storm Howard 
### Tropical Storm Ivette
### Tropical Storm Javier
### Tropical Storm Kay
### Major Hurricane Lester
### Major Hurricane Madeline
### Hurricane Newton
### Hurricane Orlene
### Hurricane Paine
### Tropical Storm Roslyn
### Hurricane Ulika
### Major Hurricane Seymour
### Tropical Storm Tina
### Tropical Storm Otto
On November 25, Major Hurricane Otto entered the basin.

## Related pages
*2006 Atlantic hurricane season

## Other websites
* National Hurricane Center's Eastern Pacific Tropical Weather Outlook - updated four times daily
* National Hurricane Center
* National Hurricane Center's 2016 Advisory Archive
* Central Pacific Hurricane Center
Petru Pascari

**Petru Pascari** (; 22 September 1929 &ndash; 20 November 2025) was a Moldavian SSR politician. Pascari was the prime minister of Moldavian SSR: 24 April 1970 – 1 August 1976 (1st time) and 10 January – 26 May 1990 (2nd time).

Pascari died on 20 November 2025 at the age of 96.

## References
Jim Taylor

**James Charles Taylor** (September 20, 1935 &ndash; October 13, 2018) was an American football fullback and businessman. He was born in Baton Rouge, Louisiana. He played professionally in the National Football League (NFL) for ten seasons, with the Green Bay Packers from 1958 to 1966 and with the expansion New Orleans Saints in 1967. 

He was commissioner of the United States Rugby League in 1978 and attempted to start a 12-team competition.

The Pro Football Hall of Fame selection committee named Taylor to its NFL 1960s All-Decade Team, which comprised the best players of the 1960s at each position.

Taylor was diagnosed with hepatitis C in 1989, but it was found to be dormant by 2000.

Taylor died in Baton Rogue on October 13, 2018 at the age of 83.

## References
## Other websites
* Jim Taylor at the Louisiana Sports Hall of Fame
John Brodie

**John Riley Brodie** (August 14, 1935 &ndash; January 23, 2026) was an American football player, a quarterback for the San Francisco 49ers of the National Football League (NFL) for seventeen seasons. He had a second career as a Senior PGA Tour professional golfer, and was a television broadcaster for both sports.

Brodie died on January 23, 2026 in Solana Beach, California from problems caused by a stroke at the age of 90.

## References
## Other websites
*
*Sports Reference – collegiate statistics – John Brodie
Hugh McElhenny

**Hugh Edward McElhenny Jr.** (December 31, 1928 &ndash; June 17, 2022) was a professional American football player. He was a halfback in the National Football League (NFL) from 1952 to 1964 for the San Francisco 49ers, Minnesota Vikings, New York Giants, and Detroit Lions. 

McElhenny died on June 17, 2022 in Henderson, Nevada from problems caused by Guillain–Barré syndrome, aged 93.

## References
## Other websites
*
2018 FIFA World Cup Group A

**Group A of the 2018 FIFA World Cup** will take place from 14 to 25 June 2018. The group consists of Russia, Saudi Arabia, Egypt, and Uruguay. The top two teams will advance to the round of 16.

## Teams
;Notes

## Standings
In the round of 16:
* The winners of Group A will advance to play the runners-up of Group B.
* The runners-up of Group A will advance to play the winners of Group B.

## Matches
All times listed are local time.

### Russia vs Saudi Arabia

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### Egypt vs Uruguay
The two teams have only played each other once, in a friendly game back in 2006 won by Uruguay 2–0.

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### Russia vs Egypt

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### Uruguay vs Saudi Arabia

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### Uruguay vs Russia

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### Saudi Arabia vs Egypt

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## References
## Other websites
* 2018 FIFA World Cup Group A , FIFA.com
2018 FIFA World Cup Group B

**Group B of the 2018 FIFA World Cup** took place from 15 to 25 June 2018. The group consisted of Portugal, Spain, Morocco, and Iran. The top two teams advanced to the round of 16.

## Teams
;Notes

## Standings
In the round of 16:
* The winners of Group B will advance to play the runners-up of Group A.
* The runners-up of Group B will advance to play the winners of Group A.

## Matches
All times listed are local time.

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### Portugal vs Spain
The two teams have played each other 35 times before, including one game in the 2010 FIFA World Cup round of 16, won by Spain 1–0.

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### Portugal vs Morocco
The two teams have once played each other in a group stage game in the 1986 FIFA World Cup, won by Morocco 3-1.

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### Iran vs Spain
The two teams have never played each other before.

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### Iran vs Portugal
The two teams have played each other two times, most recently in a group stage game in the 2006 FIFA World Cup, won by Portugal 2-0. 

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### Spain vs Morocco
Despite their locations, the two teams have played each other only in two opportunities, both were games for the 1962 FIFA World Cup qualification, and both were won by Spain. 

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## References
## Other websites
* 2018 FIFA World Cup Group B , FIFA.com
2018 FIFA World Cup Group C

**Group C of the 2018 FIFA World Cup** took place from 16 to 26 June 2018. The group consisted of France, Australia, Peru, and Denmark. The top two teams advanced to the round of 16.

## Teams
;Notes

## Standings
In the round of 16:
* The winners of Group C will advance to play the runners-up of Group D.
* The runners-up of Group C will advance to play the winners of Group D.

## Matches
All times listed are local time.

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### Peru vs Denmark

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### Denmark vs Australia

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### France vs Peru

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### Denmark vs France

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### Australia vs Peru

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## References
## Other websites
* 2018 FIFA World Cup Group C , FIFA.com
Malumel

**Malumel** is a locality in Thodiyoor Panchayat￼￼￼￼in the Karunagappally Taluk , Kollam district, Kerala, India.

## Geography
Pallikkalaar is a stream flowing through the village.

## Temples
There is a temple called the Malumel Bhagavathi Kshethram (temple). The idol is goddess Bhadrakali Deshadevatha of Malumel.

## Sports and games
The village has a vast playground in which there is a pipal tree and a banyan tree.
2018 FIFA World Cup Group E

**Group E of the 2018 FIFA World Cup** took place from 17 to 27 June 2018. The group consisted of Brazil, Switzerland, Costa Rica, and Serbia. The top two teams, Brazil and Switzerland, advanced to the round of 16.

## Teams
;Notes

## Standings
In the round of 16:
* The winners of Group E will advance to play the runners-up of Group F.
* The runners-up of Group E will advance to play the winners of Group F.

## Matches
All times listed are local time.

### Costa Rica vs Serbia

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### Brazil vs Switzerland

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### Brazil vs Costa Rica

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### Serbia vs Switzerland

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### Serbia vs Brazil

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### Switzerland vs Costa Rica

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## References
## Other websites
* 2018 FIFA World Cup Group E , FIFA.com
2018 FIFA World Cup Group F

**Group F of the 2018 FIFA World Cup** took place from 17 to 27 June 2018. The group consisted of Germany, Mexico, Sweden, and South Korea. The top two teams advanced to the round of 16.

## Teams
;Notes

## Standings
In the round of 16:
* The winners of Group F will advance to play the runners-up of Group E.
* The runners-up of Group F will advance to play the winners of Group E.

## Matches
All times listed are local time.

### Germany vs Mexico

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### Sweden vs South Korea

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### South Korea vs Mexico

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### Germany vs Sweden

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### South Korea vs Germany

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### Mexico vs Sweden

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## References
## Other websites
* 2018 FIFA World Cup Group F , FIFA.com
2018 FIFA World Cup Group H

**Group H of the 2018 FIFA World Cup** took place from 19 to 28 June 2018. The group consists of Poland, Senegal, Colombia, and Japan. The top two teams will advance to the round of 16.

## Teams
;Notes

## Standings
In the round of 16:
* The winners of Group H will advance to play the runners-up of Group G.
* The runners-up of Group H will advance to play the winners of Group G.

## Matches
All times listed are local time.

### Colombia vs Japan

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### Poland vs Senegal

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### Japan vs Senegal

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### Poland vs Colombia

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### Japan vs Poland

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### Senegal vs Colombia

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## References
## Other websites
* 2018 FIFA World Cup Group H , FIFA.com
2018 FIFA World Cup Group G

**Group G of the 2018 FIFA World Cup** will take place from 18 to 28 June 2018. The group consists of Belgium, Panama, Tunisia, and England. The top two teams will advance to the round of 16.

## Teams
;Notes

## Standings
In the round of 16:
* The winners of Group G will advance to play the runners-up of Group H.
* The runners-up of Group G will advance to play the winners of Group H.

## Matches
All times listed are local time.

### Belgium vs Panama

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### Tunisia vs England

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### Belgium vs Tunisia

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### England vs Panama

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### England vs Belgium

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### Panama vs Tunisia

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## References
## Other websites
* 2018 FIFA World Cup Group G , FIFA.com
2018 FIFA World Cup knockout stage

The **knockout stage of the 2018 FIFA World Cup** is the second stage of the competition, just after the group stage.
It began on 30 June with the round of 16 and ended on 15 July with the final match, held at the Luzhniki Stadium in Moscow. The top two teams from each group (16 in total) would advance to the knockout stage to compete in a single-elimination. In the knockout stage, if a match is level at the end of 90&nbsp;minutes of normal playing time, extra time would be played (two periods of 15&nbsp;minutes each), where each team is allowed to make a fourth substitution. If still tied after extra time, the match would be decided by a penalty shoot-out to determine the winners.

## Qualified teams
The top two placed teams from each of the eight groups will qualify for the knockout stage.

## Bracket

## Round of 16
### France vs Argentina

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### Uruguay vs Portugal

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### Spain vs Russia

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### Croatia vs Denmark

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### Brazil vs Mexico

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### Belgium vs Japan

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### Sweden vs Switzerland

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### Colombia vs England

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## Quarter-finals
### Uruguay vs France

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### Brazil vs Belgium

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### Sweden vs England

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### Russia vs Croatia

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## Semi-finals
### France vs Belgium

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### Croatia vs England

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|}

## Third place play-off

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|}

## Final
## References
## Other websites
* 
* Official Documents and Match Documents
Fujitsu

, Fujitsu's world headquarters in Tokyo, Japan]]

**Fujitsu** is a Japanese company that specializes in semiconductors, computers (supercomputers, personal computers, servers), telecommunications, and services. It is headquartered in Tokyo, Japan.

## Related pages
*British Post Office scandal, and the Fujitsu-owned company ICL Pathway

## References 
## Other websites 
*
Fatima (given name)

**Fatima** (, *Fāṭimah*) [ **fat**-*uh*-m*uh*, **fah**-tee-mah ] is a female given name of Arabic origin used throughout the Islamic world. Several relatives of the Islamic prophet Muhammad had the name, including his daughter Fatimah. The colloquial Arabic pronunciation of the name in some dialects (e.g., Syria and Egyptian) often omits the unstressed second syllable and renders it as *Fatma* when romanized. Fatima is also used by non-Muslims: the town of Fátima, Portugal was named after a Moorish princess. It was the site of a famous Marian apparition in 1917, after which it achieved some popularity as a female personal name among Roman Catholic populations, particularly in the Portuguese-speaking and Spanish-speaking worlds. Fatima is a gorgeous and significant moniker that has garnered popularity for centuries. This Arabic name is rooted in the term "fatimah," signifying "a person who refrains." This name was ranked #377 on the US Popular Names in 2021. 

## Fatima 
* Fatima Jinnah, a Pakistani dental surgeon, writer, stateswoman and one of the founders of Pakistan
* Fatima Aziz, Afghan politician
* Fatima Zakaria, Indian journalist
* Fatimata Touré, Malian activist
* Fatima Sana, Pakistani cricketer
* Fatima Bhutto, Pakistani writer

## Fátima 
* Fátima Báñez, Spanish politician, economist and jurist
* Fátima Bernardes, Brazilian journalist
* Fátima Choi, politician in Macau

## Fatemeh 
* Fatemeh Javadi, conservative politician and Vice President of Iran, 2005 – 2009

## References
Financial services

**Financial services** are the economic services provided by the financial industry, which encompasses a wide range of businesses that manage money, including credit unions, banks, credit card companies, insurance companies, accounting companies, consumer finance companies, brokerage firms, investment funds, individual managers, and some government-sponsored enterprises. Financial services companies are present in all economically developed geographic locations and tend to cluster in local, national, regional and international financial centers such as London, New York and Tokyo. government-sponsored enterprises.
## History
The term "financial services" became more prevalent in the United States partly as a result of the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act of the late 1990s, which allowed different types of companies operating in the financial services industry to merge. United States at that time.
List of Coronation Street characters

This is a list of the current characters in the ITV soap opera ***Coronation Street***, listed in order of appearance.

## Present characters
### Regular characters
### Recurring and guest characters
## Cast changes
### Departing characters
### Returning characters
## References
## Other websites
*Cast and characters at itv.com
*Cast and characters at the Internet Movie Database
Ken Barlow

**Ken Barlow** is a fictional character from the British ITV soap opera *Coronation Street*, played by William Roache. Barlow was created by Tony Warren as one of *Coronation Street*s original characters, and December 2020 marked Ken's 60th anniversary onscreen. He debuted in the soap's first episode on 9 December 1960. Having appeared in the role continuously since that date, Roache is the longest-serving actor in a televised soap opera and was honoured at the 2010 *Guinness World Records* ceremony for the achievement, having surpassed actor Don Hastings from the American soap opera *As the World Turns*, who previously held this title. Roache stated in 2010 that he had no plans to leave the role and would remain in *Coronation Street* for as long as the producers would have him. In November 2020, Roache was again presented with the *Guinness World Record* for the longest serving TV soap star in the world for his six decades in *Coronation Street*.

## References
Rita Sullivan

**Rita Tanner** (also **Littlewood**, **Bates**, **Fairclough** and **Sullivan**) is a fictional character from the British ITV soap opera *Coronation Street*, played by Barbara Knox, the character first appeared onscreen as "Rita Littlewood" for one episode on 2 December 1964, before returning as a full-time cast member on 31 January 1972. Knox is currently the second longest-serving cast member in the show. The character of Rita is one of the most beloved and iconic characters on any British soap opera. The actress is recognised as being one of the List of longest-serving soap opera actors.

She is known for being something of a mother figure to a number of the street's residents including Sharon Gaskell (Tracie Bennett), Jenny Bradley (Sally Ann Matthews), Sally Webster (Sally Dynevor), Tina McIntyre (Michelle Keegan) and Gemma Winter (Dolly-Rose Campbell).
Calw

**Calw** (; locally ) is a town in the middle of Baden-Württemberg in the south of Germany. It is the capital and largest town of the district of Calw. It is about  south of Pforzheim and  west of Stuttgart.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Official website of the town of Calw
Manampuzha

**Manampuzha** is a village in Kollam district in the state of Kerala, India.

## Landmarks
There is a temple, a government primary school, an English medium convent school, a church etc. in this place.

## Trikkanappuram Temple
The temple called "Manampuzha Trikkannapuram Mahadeva Temple" is a small famous which gets fame across the area these days. The festival will be conducted every year on 10th day of Medam.
Axa

**AXA** is a French multinational insurance firm headquartered in Paris. It is engaged in global insurance, investment management, and other financial services.

The company is a component of the Euro Stoxx 50 stock market index.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Official website
National City, California

**National City** is a city in the South Bay region of the San Diego metropolitan area, in southwestern San Diego County, California.

The population was 56,173 at the 2020 census. National City is the second-oldest city in San Diego County.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Official website of the city of National City 
* City-Data.com Comprehensive Statistical Data and more about National City
* National City Police Department
2018 FIFA World Cup seeding

The draw for the 2018 FIFA World Cup took place on 1 December 2017 at the State Kremlin Palace in Moscow, Russia 
to determine the groups in which the 32 qualified national teams will play in at the start of the tournament. The teams were put into four pots of eight, with one team selected from each pot to form a group.
The draw sequence started with pot 1 and ended with pot 4.

## Seeding
All teams were seeded using the October 2017 FIFA World Rankings, which numbers in brackets show, released on 16 October 2017.

## Final draw
According to the FIFA rankings, the strongest group is E (combining for 4415 points), followed by F (4151), B (4128), C (4101), D (4099), G (3953), H (3944) and the weakest by far is the host nation's group A (2991).

## References
La Mesa, California

**La Mesa** is a city in San Diego County. It is  east of Downtown San Diego in Southern California. The population was 61,121 at the 2020 census. Its civic motto is "the Jewel of the Hills."

## References 
## Other websites 
*Official website of the city of La Mesa
*La Mesa Village Merchants Association 
*City-Data.com
*La Mesa Community Website
Yrsa Stenius

**Yrsa Carola Stenius ** (7 January 1945 – 19 May 2018) was a Finnish-born Swedish journalist and newspaper editor. She was born in Helsinki, Finland. She was chief editor of the newspaper *Arbetarbladet* from 1972 to 1978. From 1979 she was cultural editor for the newspaper *Aftonbladet* and was appointed chief editor for the newspaper from 1982 to 1987. She wrote several books.

Stenius died suddenly on 19 May 2018 at her home in Stockholm at 73 years old.

## References
Flag of Northern Ireland

]]

The official **flag of Northern Ireland** between 1921 and 1972 was a red cross on a white field defaced with a crowned six-pointed star with a red hand in the centre. The flag was the official flag of the Executive Committee for Northern Ireland  (the government of Northern Ireland) between 1921 and 1972. This government went out of existence in 1972 and since that time the United Kingdom has not used the flag. The British Government uses the flag of the United Kingdom. Sometimes, sports teams use the flag to represent Northern Ireland.

This flag is known as the Ulster Banner, or more commonly the Northern Ireland flag or Ulster flag. It is not the same as the flag of Ulster.
T. H. White

**Terence Hanbury White** (29 May 1906 – 17 January 1964) was an English author and historian. He was known for his autobiography and his books. Some works in his career that support this are *The Sword in The Stone*, *The Once and the Future King*, and *The Candle in the Wind*. 

## Early life 
In the beginning of his life, Terence Hanbury White was born in 1906 in India but he might live as a British since his father was a superintendent in the Indian police.

## Writing 
When Terence Hanbury White was 20 years old, he wrote his first book in Cambridge University. After he finish his study in Cambridge University, He got work as a teacher. He also continued writing, writing books about world outside of the building like hunting (killing some animals for food) and fishing. Few years later, his book about himself  *England Have My Bones* became famous and he might have decided to become a full-time writer.

## Influences 
He seemed to use a lot of time on go over his writing and reading a lot of hard person such as King Arthur. King Arthur gave him a lot of thing to write for his book when he became a writer. When he was in the college, he read some books that were written by Sir Thomas Malory's Le Morte d'Arthur. This book could make him to write some stories about King Arthur.

## Influence on society
It is possible he made people around the world know King Arthur’ s life when he was very young better. This book about King Arthur probably is probably the most famous book about King Arthur. In his book, *The Sword in the Stone*, he wrote, “On Mondays , Wednesdays and Fridays it was Court Hand and Summulae Logicales, while the rest of the week it was the Organon, Repetition and Astrology.” *The Once and Future King* was known by a lot of people in 1960.

## Later in life
In 1946, he wrote ''Mistress Masham's Repose*. One year later, he wrote *The Elephant and the Kangaroo*. In 1951, he wrote *The Goshawk''. Six years later, he wrote The Maste. In 1963, he worked with The Walt Disney to make movie The Sword in the Stone. 

## References
## Other websites
* White's 1954 translation of a 12th-century bestiary
2018–19 UEFA Champions League group stage

The **2018–19 UEFA Champions League group stage** is set to begin on 18 September and end on 12 December 2018. A total of 32 teams will compete in the group stage to decide the 16 places in the knockout stage of the 2018–19 UEFA Champions League.

## Teams
Below are the teams (with their 2018 UEFA club coefficients), grouped by their seeding pot. They include:
*26 teams which enter in this stage
*4 Champions Path winners of the play-off round
*2 League Path winners of the play-off round

|

|

|

|}

;Notes

## Format
In each group, teams play against each other home-and-away in a round-robin format. The group winners and runners-up go to the round of 16, while the third-placed teams enter the Europa League round of 32.

### Tiebreakers
Teams are ranked according to points (3 points for a win, 1 point for a draw, 0 points for a loss), and if tied on points, the following tiebreaking criteria are applied, in the order given, to determine the rankings (Regulations Articles 17.01):
#Points in head-to-head matches among tied teams;
#Goal difference in head-to-head matches among tied teams;
#Goals scored in head-to-head matches among tied teams;
#Away goals scored in head-to-head matches among tied teams;
#If more than two teams are tied, and after applying all head-to-head criteria above, a subset of teams are still tied, all head-to-head criteria above are reapplied exclusively to this subset of teams;
#Goal difference in all group matches;
#Goals scored in all group matches;
#Away goals scored in all group matches;
#Wins in all group matches;
#Away wins in all group matches;
#Disciplinary points (red card = 3 points, yellow card = 1 point, expulsion for two yellow cards in one match = 3 points);
#UEFA club coefficient.

## Groups
The group stage matches will be played from 18–19 September, 2–3 October, 23–24 October, 6–7 November, 27–28 November, up to 11–12 December 2018. The scheduled kickoff times are 21:00 CEST/CET, with two matches on each Tuesday and Wednesday scheduled for 18:55 CEST/CET.

### Group A
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### Group B
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### Group C
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### Group D
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### Group E
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### Group F
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### Group G
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### Group H
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## Notes
## References
## Other websites
*UEFA Champions League (official website)
Anna Maria Ferrero

**Anna Maria Ferrero** (18 February 1934 – 21 May 2018) was an Italian actress. She was born in Rome. From 1962 until her death, Ferrero was married to Jean Sorel. She appeared with Vittorio Gassman in six movies: *Lorenzaccio*, King Vidor's  *War and Peace*, *Kean*, which Gassman co-directed, *Giovanni dalle bande nere*, ''Le sorprese dell'amore*, and *Il mattatore*.

Ferrero was known for her roles in *The Violent Patriot*, *Bad Girls Don't Cry*, and *Love and Larceny''.

Ferrero died on 21 May 2018 in Paris at the age of 84.

## References
## Other websites
* 
*
Jean Sorel

**Jean Sorel** (; born 25 September 1934) is a French actor. He was born in Marseille, France. From 1962 until her death in 2018, he was married to Anna Maria Ferrero. He is known for his roles in *The Day of the Jackal* (1973), *Belle de Jour* (1967) and *One on Top of the Other* (1969).

## References
## Other websites
*
The Day of the Jackal (movie)

***The Day of the Jackal*** is a 1973 British-French thriller movie directed by Fred Zinnemann. It starred Edward Fox, Michel Lonsdale, Jean Sorel, Timothy West, Derek Jacobi, Tony Britton, Barrie Ingham and Donald Sinden. It was based on the 1971 novel *The Day of the Jackal* by Frederick Forsyth. 

The movie is about a professional assassin who is hired to assassinate French president Charles de Gaulle in the summer of 1963. In the movie, the assassin is only known as *the Jackal*. 

*The Day of the Jackal* won the BAFTA Award for Best Editing and earned five additional more BAFTA nominations, two Golden Globe Award nominations, and one Academy Award nomination. 

The movie made $16,056,255 at the box office. The British Film Institute ranked it the 74th greatest British movies of the 20th century.

In 1988, the same plot inspired the Malayalam movie *August 1*. *The Day of the Jackal* film was later loosely remade as *The Jackal*, a 1997 movie featuring Richard Gere, Bruce Willis, Sidney Poitier and Jack Black. 

## References
Hydrofluorocarbon

**Hydroflurocarbons** (HFC) are chemical compounds made of hydrogen, carbon and fluorine. 

They are used in air conditioning and as refrigerants in place of the older chlorofluorocarbons. HFC contain a hydrogen atom which cause it to decompose quickly before reaching the stratosphere. HFC do not contain chlorine which is harmful for the ozone layer. HFC survive in the atmosphere between two and forty years. CFC can stay at the atmosphere for up to 150 years.
Edith Wharton

**Edith Wharton** (born **Edith Newbold Jones**; January 24, 1862 – August 11, 1937) was an American historical writer, novelist and designer. She was “known for some essays and novels about war." She was born during the American Civil War. During World War I, she helped to support some medical assistants to soldiers. She was born in New York City.

Wharton died on August 11, 1937 in Saint-Brice-sous-Forêt, France of a stroke caused by a heart attack at the age of 75. 

## Early career
Edith Wharton became an author because she wanted to tell more people what she saw and what she learned in her life. The most famous novel she wrote was *The Age of Innocence* (1920). She wrote this book because she had a similar life like the main character in the book. At the same time, it was about people’s lives during the nineteenth century.

## Major works
Edith Wharton family was upper class (a group of people who has a lot of money). She usually heard some events to write the book. *The Valley of Decision* talked about a lawyer man falls in love with a women that already has a husband; however, at the end of the book, the man marries with the nephew of the woman. One of her books, *The Age of Innocence*, helped Edith Wharton win the Pulitzer Prize, and the book was written just after World War I.  

## Influence
The influence of Edith Wharton on society was to help people know about the war and life. All of her books mostly talked about what she saw in her life. The life part talks about what she learned in her life and some experiences from her life.  

## Later life
At the end of World War I, she moved out Paris. She won the Pulitzer Prize because of the book *The Age of Innocence*. 

## References
Management buyout

**Management buyout** is when a company's managers buy a large part or all of a company. They may buy from private owners or from a parent company.

Management and leveraged buyouts were a phenomenon of the 1980s. Leveraged buyouts use borrowed money.

The venture capital industry has played a crucial role in the development of buyouts in Europe, especially in smaller deals in the UK, the Netherlands, and France.

## References