September 29

## Events 
### Up to 1900 
* 61 BC &ndash; Pompey the Great celebrates his third triumph, for victories over the pirates and the end of the Mithridatic Wars on his 45th birthday.
* 48 BC &ndash; Ptolemy XIII of Egypt had Pompey murdered and his head cut off on his 58th birthday. Pompey's head and ring are kept for Julius Caesar (some sources give September 28).
* AD 855 &ndash; Pope Benedict III becomes Pope.
* 1015 &ndash; St. Michael's Church in Hildesheim, present–day Lower Saxony, Germany, is consecrated; It is now on the UNESCO World Heritage List.
* 1227 &ndash; Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor is excommunicated by Pope Gregory IX for not taking part in the Crusades.
* 1364 &ndash; Battle of Auray – English forces defeat French at Brittany; end of the Breton War of Succession
* 1567 &ndash; At a dinner, the Duke of Alva arrests the Count of Egmont and the Count of Horne for treason.
* 1717 &ndash; An earthquake strikes Antigua, Guatemala, destroying much of the city.
* 1760 &ndash; The French surrender at Fort Detroit to the British.
* 1774 &ndash; Publication of the Sorrows of Young Werther makes Johann Wolfgang von Goethe famous.
* 1789 &ndash; United States War Department first establishes regular army with strength of several hundred men.
* 1789 &ndash; First United States Congress adjourns.
* 1829 &ndash; London's reorganized police force goes on duty, and later becomes known as Scotland Yard. The Metropolitan Police force is founded.
* 1850 &ndash; A Roman Catholic hierarchy is re–established in England, Wales by Pope Pius IX.
* 1864 &ndash; American Civil War: Battle of Chaffin's Farm is fought.
* 1885 &ndash; The first practical public electric tramway in the world is opened in Blackpool, England, United Kingdom.

### 1901 &ndash; 2000 
* 1902 &ndash; Impresario David Belasco's first Broadway theater opens.
* 1907 &ndash; The cornerstone is laid at Washington National Cathedral.
* 1911 &ndash; Italy declares war on the Ottoman Empire.
* 1913 &ndash; Mexican Revolution: The Battle of Torreon is fought.
* 1918 &ndash; Hindenburg Line is broken by Allied forces during World War I.
* 1923 &ndash; The British mandate for Palestine takes effect.
* 1932 &ndash; Chaco War: Last Day of the Battle of Boquerón.
* 1934 &ndash; The Palacio de Bellas Artes in Mexico City is opened.
* 1938 &ndash; Britain and France, Nazi Germany and Italy sign the Munich Agreement allowing Germany to occupy the Sudetenland region of Czechoslovakia.
* 1939 &ndash; World War II: Poland is divided between Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union.
* 1941 &ndash; Holocaust: The Babi Yar massacre begins.
* 1943 &ndash; World War II: United States General Dwight D. Eisenhower and Italian Marshal Pietro Badoglio sign an armistice aboard the British ship *Nelson* off the shore of Malta.
* 1944 &ndash; World War II: Soviet forces invade Yugoslavia.
* 1954 &ndash; Convention establishing CERN (European Organization for Nuclear Research) is signed.
* 1960 &ndash; Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev disrupts the UN General Assembly meeting with a series of angry outbursts.
* 1961 &ndash; The New York Times publishes music critic Robert Sheldon's review of a performance from little known singer-songwriter Bob Dylan, which will lead to Dylan's discovery by Columbia Records representative John Hammond
* 1962 &ndash; Alouette 1, the first Canadian satellite is launched.
* 1963 &ndash; The University of East Anglia is founded in Norwich, England, United Kingdom.
* 1964 &ndash; *Mafalda*, a comic strip by the Argentine cartoonist Quino, first appears in newspapers.
* 1966 &ndash; The Chevrolet Camaro, originally named "Panther", is introduced.
* 1971 &ndash; Oman joins the Arab League.
* 1972 &ndash; Sino–Japanese relations: Japan establishes diplomatic relations with the People's Republic of China after breaking official ties with the Republic of China.
* 1977 &ndash; Muhammad Ali defends his heavyweight boxing world title against Earnie Shavers.
* 1988 &ndash; NASA resumes space shuttle flights, grounded after the Challenger disaster.
* 1990 &ndash; Washington National Cathedral is completed.
* 1991 &ndash; A military coup occurs in Haiti.
* 1992 &ndash; Fernando Collor de Mello, President of Brazil, resigns.
* 1995 &ndash; PlayStation goes on sale in Europe.
* 1996 &ndash; Super Mario 64, a well–known Nintendo 64 video game, is released in the US.

### From 2001 
* 2002 &ndash; The 14th Asian Games begin in Busan, South Korea.
* 2004 &ndash; The asteroid 4179 Toutatis passes within four lunar distances of Earth.
* 2006 &ndash; A plane collision in Brazil kills 154 people on board a Boeing 737. The cargo plane manages an emergency landing.
* 2007 &ndash; Calder Hall power station at Sellafield, Cumbria, England, is demolished.
* 2008 &ndash; The Dow Jones Industrial Average index falls by 777.68 points in a single day.
* 2009 &ndash; A magnitude 8.1 earthquake causes a tsunami near Samoa and American Samoa, killing at least 189 people, including 9 in Tonga.
* 2013 &ndash; At least 42 people are killed by members of Boko Haram in Gujba, Nigeria.
* 2014 &ndash; Ashraf Ghani is sworn in as President of Afghanistan.
* 2019 &ndash; Big fights following the Afghani elections

## Births 
### Up to 1800 
* 106 BC &ndash; Pompey the Great, Roman politician and general (died 48 BC)
* 1240 &ndash; Margaret of England, Queen Consort of Scotland (died 1275)
* 1276 &ndash; King Christopher II of Denmark (died 1332)
* 1328 &ndash; Joan of Kent, mother of King Richard II of England (died 1385)
* 1388 &ndash; Thomas of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Clarence, son of Henry IV of England (died 1421)
* 1511 &ndash; Michael Servetus, Spanish humanist, theologian, and scientist (died 1553)
* 1518 &ndash; Tintoretto, Italian painter (died 1594)
* 1547 &ndash; Miguel de Cervantes, Spanish writer (died 1616)
* 1548 &ndash; William V, Duke of Bavaria (died 1621)
* 1561 &ndash; Adriaan van Roomen, Flemish mathematician (died 1615)
* 1571 &ndash; Caravaggio, Italian painter (died 1610)
* 1636 &ndash; Thomas Tenison, Archbishop of Canterbury (died 1715)
* 1678 &ndash; Adrien-Maurice, 3rd Duke of Noailles, French soldier (died 1766)
* 1691 &ndash; Richard Challoner, English bishop (died 1781)
* 1718 &ndash; Nikita Ivanovich Panin, Russian statesman (died 1783)
* 1725 &ndash; Robert Clive, 1st Baron Clive, British politician (died 1774)
* 1735 &ndash; James Keir, Scottish physician and chemist (died 1820)
* 1758 &ndash; Horatio Nelson, British admiral (died 1805)
* 1766 &ndash; Charlotte, Princess Royal (died 1828)
* 1786 &ndash; Guadalupe Victoria, 1st President of Mexico (died 1843)

### 1801 &ndash; 1900 
* 1803 &ndash; Jacques Charles Francois Sturm, French mathematician (died 1855)
* 1810 &ndash; Elizabeth Gaskell, English writer (died 1865)
* 1810 &ndash; Hugh Allan, Scottish–Canadian businessman (died 1882)
* 1818 &ndash; Nathaniel B. Baker, 24th Governor of New Hampshire (died 1876)
* 1820 &ndash; Henri, Count of Chambord, claimant to the French throne (died 1883)
* 1843 &ndash; Mikhail Skobelev, Russian general (died 1882)
* 1844 &ndash; Miguel Angel Juarez Colman, President of Argentina (died 1909)
* 1853 &ndash; Princess Thyra of Denmark (died 1933)
* 1863 &ndash; Hugo Haase, German politician (died 1919)
* 1864 &ndash; Miguel de Unamuno, Spanish writer and philosopher (died 1936)
* 1866 &ndash; Mykhailo Hrushevskyi, Ukrainian politician (died 1934)
* 1866 &ndash; J. E. Casely Hayford, Ghanaian politician, lawyer and writer (died 1930)
* 1867 &ndash; Walther Rathenau, German politician (died 1922)
* 1880 &ndash; Liberato Pinto, Portuguese general and politician (died 1949)
* 1881 &ndash; Ludwig von Mises, Austrian–American economist, sociologist and philosopher (died 1973)
* 1895 &ndash; Roscoe Turner, American pilot (died 1970)
* 1899 &ndash; László Biró, Hungarian inventor (died 1985)
* 1899 &ndash; Billy Butlin, South African–British holiday entrepreneur (d. 1980)
* 1900 &ndash; Auguste van Pels, Dutch Holocaust victim (died 1945)
* 1900 &ndash; Michel Koliqi, Albanian cardinal (died 1997)

### 1901 &ndash; 1950 
* 1901 &ndash; Enrico Fermi, Italian physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1954)
* 1901 &ndash; Lanza del Vasto, Italian philosopher, poet and activist (died 1981)
* 1902 &ndash; Miguel Aleman Valdes, President of Mexico (died 1983)
* 1903 &ndash; Diana Vreeland, American fashion designer (died 1989)
* 1904 &ndash; Greer Garson, British actress (died 1996)
* 1904 &ndash; Egon Eiermann, German architect and designer (died 1970)
* 1907 &ndash; Gene Autry, American country music singer and actor (died 1998)
* 1908 &ndash; Eddie Tolan, American athlete (died 1967)
* 1910 &ndash; Virginia Bruce, American actress and singer (died 1982)
* 1911 &ndash; Charles Court, English–Australian politician, 21st Premier of Western Australia (died 2007)
* 1912 &ndash; Michelangelo Antonioni, Italian movie director (died 2007)
* 1913 &ndash; Silvio Piola, Italian footballer (died 1996)
* 1913 &ndash; Stanley Kramer, American movie director (died 2001)
* 1913 &ndash; Trevor Howard, English actor (died 1988)
* 1915 &ndash; Brenda Marshall, American actress (died 1992)
* 1916 &ndash; Antonio Buero Vallejos, Spanish playwright (died 2000)
* 1919 &ndash; Margot Hielscher, German singer and actress (died 2017)
* 1919 &ndash; Kira Zvorykina, Belarussian chess player (died 2014)
* 1920 &ndash; Peter D. Mitchell, English chemist (died 1992)
* 1920 &ndash; Vaclav Neumann, Czech conductor, violinist and violist (died 1995)
* 1921 &ndash; Franny Beecher, American guitarist (died 2014)
* 1922 &ndash; Esther Brand, South African athlete (died 2015)
* 1922 &ndash; Lizabeth Scott, American actress (died 2015)
* 1923 &ndash; Stan Berenstain, American writer and illustrator (died 2005)
* 1924 &ndash; Marina Berti, Italian actress (died 2002)
* 1925 &ndash; Steve Forrest, American actor (died 2013)
* 1928 &ndash; Gerhard Stoltenberg, German politician (died 2001)
* 1928 &ndash; Eric Lubbock, 4th Baron Avebury, English politician (died 2016)
* 1930 &ndash; Colin Dexter, English writer (died 2017)
* 1931 &ndash; Anita Ekberg, Swedish actress (died 2015)
* 1931 &ndash; James Watson Cronin, American nuclear physicist (died 2016)
* 1931 &ndash; Paul Oestreicher, German–English priest and theologian
* 1932 &ndash; Rainer Weiss, German–American physicist, 2017 Nobel laureate
* 1932 &ndash; Mehmood, Indian actor (died 2004)
* 1932 &ndash; Robert Benton, American director
* 1933 &ndash; Samora Machel, President of Mozambique (died 1986)
* 1935 &ndash; Jerry Lee Lewis, American early rock and roll musician
* 1935 &ndash; Mylene Demongeot, French actress
* 1935 &ndash; Ingrid Noll, German writer
* 1936 &ndash; Silvio Berlusconi, former Prime Minister of Italy
* 1937 &ndash; Nina Wang, Chinese businesswoman (died 2007)
* 1938 &ndash; Wim Kok, Dutch politician, former Prime Minister of the Netherlands (died 2018)
* 1939 &ndash; Rhodri Morgan, Welsh politician, former First Minister of Wales (died 2017)
* 1939 &ndash; Jim Baxter, Scottish footballer (died 2001)
* 1939 &ndash; Larry Linville, American actor (died 2000)
* 1940 &ndash; Nicola di Bari, Italian singer
* 1940 &ndash; Carlos Morales Troncoso, Vice President of the Dominican Republic (died 2014)
* 1941 &ndash; Fred West, British serial killer (died 1995)
* 1942 &ndash; Ian McShane, British actor
* 1942 &ndash; Jean-Luc Ponty, French jazz violinist
* 1942 &ndash; Bill Nelson, American politician
* 1942 &ndash; Madeline Kahn, American actress (died 1999)
* 1942 &ndash; Felice Gimondi, Italian cyclist (died 2019)
* 1943 &ndash; Mohammad Khatami, former President of Iran
* 1943 &ndash; Wolfgang Overath, German footballer
* 1943 &ndash; Lech Walesa, former President of Poland
* 1945 &ndash; Nadezhda Chizhova, Russian athlete
* 1946 &ndash; Steve Dalachinsky, American poet (died 2019)
* 1946 &ndash; Patricia Hodge, English actress
* 1947 &ndash; S. H. Kapadia, Chief Justice of India (died 2016)
* 1948 &ndash; Theo Jörgensmann, German jazz clarinet player
* 1948 &ndash; Mike Pinera, American singer-songwriter, guitarist and producer

### 1951 &ndash; 1975 
* 1951 &ndash; Maureen Caird, Australian athlete
* 1951 &ndash; Michelle Bachelet, former President of Chile
* 1951 &ndash; Pier Luigi Bersani, Italian politician
* 1951 &ndash; Jutta Ditfurth, German author and activist
* 1952 &ndash; Gábor Csupo, Hungarian–born animator
* 1952 &ndash; Patrícia Gabancho, Argentine–Spanish writer (d. 2017)
* 1952 &ndash; Monika Zehrt, German athlete
* 1954 &ndash; Debbie Shapiro, American actress and singer
* 1955 &ndash; Ann Bancroft, American adventurer, polar explorer and writer
* 1955 &ndash; Gareth Davies, Welsh rugby player
* 1955 &ndash; Ken Weatherwax, American actor (died 2014)
* 1956 &ndash; Sebastian Coe, English athlete and politician
* 1957 &ndash; Chris Broad, English cricketer
* 1957 &ndash; Andrew Dice Clay, American comedian and actor
* 1959 &ndash; Raffaele Riefoli, Italian singer
* 1961 &ndash; Julia Gillard, Welsh–Australian politician, 27th Prime Minister of Australia
* 1961 &ndash; Stephanie Miller, American comedienne and radio host
* 1961 &ndash; Tom Sizemore, American actor
* 1962 &ndash; Janne Andersson, Swedish footballer and manager
* 1966 &ndash; Helsey Hawkins, American basketball player
* 1966 &ndash; Bujar Nishani, former President of Albania
* 1968 &ndash; Luke Goss, English actor and singer
* 1968 &ndash; Matt Goss, English singer
* 1969 &ndash; Erika Eleniak, American actress and model
* 1969 &ndash; Ivica Vastic, Austrian footballer
* 1970 &ndash; Emily Lloyd, English actress
* 1971 &ndash; Mackenzie Crook, English actor and comedian
* 1972 &ndash; Robert Webb, English comedian, actor and screenwriter (Peep Show)
* 1974 &ndash; Alexis Cruz, American actor
* 1975 &ndash; Albert Celades, Spanish footballer

### From 1976 
* 1976 &ndash; Andriy Shevchenko, Ukrainian footballer
* 1977 &ndash; Heath Bell, American baseball player
* 1978 &ndash; Aleš Fućak, Croatian comedian
* 1979 &ndash; Gaitana, Ukrainian singer
* 1980 &ndash; Patrick Agyemang, English footballer
* 1980 &ndash; Zachary Levi, American actor
* 1980 &ndash; Dallas Green, Canadian singer-songwriter and guitarist
* 1981 &ndash; Shane Smeltz, New Zealand footballer
* 1982 &ndash; Amy Williams, British skeleton bobsledder
* 1984 &ndash; Per Mertesacker, German footballer
* 1984 &ndash; Rune Almenning Jarstein, Norwegian footballer
* 1985 &ndash; Dani Pedrosa, Spanish motorcycle racer
* 1986 &ndash; Matty McLean, New Zealand television broadcaster
* 1987 &ndash; Josh Farro, American bassist (Paramore)
* 1988 &ndash; Kevin Durant, American basketball player
* 1989 &ndash; Yevhen Konoplyanka, Ukrainian footballer
* 1990 &ndash; Doug Brochu, American actor
* 1990 &ndash; Sara Björk Gunnarsdóttir, Icelandic footballer
* 1990 &ndash; Lena Wermelt, German footballer
* 1993 &ndash; Carlos Salcedo, Mexican footballer
* 1994 &ndash; Halsey, American singer-songwriter
* 1994 &ndash; Andy Polo, Peruvian footballer
* 1999 &ndash; Juan Valentín Urdangarín, Spanish royal
* 2008 &ndash; Emma Tallulah Behn, member of the extended Norwegian Royal Family

## Deaths 
### Up to 1950 
* 48 BC &ndash; Pompey the Great, Roman general (assassinated) (b. 106 BC)
* 722 &ndash; Leudwinus, Frankish bishop (b. 660)
* 855 &ndash; Lothair I, Emperor of the Romans (b. 795)
* 1364 &ndash; Charles de Blois, Duke of Brittany (b. 1319)
* 1560 &ndash; King Gustav I of Sweden (b. 1496)
* 1637 &ndash; Lorenzo Ruiz, Filipino saint (b. 1600)
* 1800 &ndash; Michael Denis, Austrian poet (b. 1729)
* 1804 &ndash; Michael Hillegas, first Treasurer of the United States (b. 1728)
* 1833 &ndash; King Ferdinand VII of Spain (b. 1784)
* 1862 &ndash; William "Bull" Nelson, American military officer (b. 1824)
* 1887 &ndash; Bernhard von Langenbeck, German surgeon (b. 1810)
* 1900 &ndash; Michael Denis, Austrian priest (b. 1729)
* 1902 &ndash; Émile Zola, French writer (b. 1840)
* 1902 &ndash; William Topaz McGonagall, Scottish poet (b. 1825)
* 1908 &ndash; Joaquim Maria Machado de Assis, Brazilian writer (b. 1839)
* 1910 &ndash; Winslow Homer, American painter (b. 1836)
* 1913 &ndash; Rudolf Diesel, German inventor and engineer (b. 1858)
* 1925 &ndash; Léon Bourgeois, French politician (b. 1851)
* 1927 &ndash; Willem Einthoven, Dutch doctor, won the 1924 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1860)
* 1930 &ndash; Ilya Repin, Ukrainian painter (b. 1844)
* 1937 &ndash; Ray Ewry, American athlete (b. 1873)

### 1951 &ndash; 2000 
* 1952 &ndash; John Cobb, British racing driver (b. 1899)
* 1953 &ndash; Ernst Reuter, German politician (b. 1889)
* 1958 &ndash; Aarre Merikanto, Finnish composer (b. 1893)
* 1964 &ndash; Fred Tootell, American athlete (b. 1902)
* 1967 &ndash; Carson McCullers, American writer (b. 1917)
* 1970 &ndash; Edward Everett Horton, actor (b. 1886)
* 1973 &ndash; W. H. Auden, English poet (b. 1907)
* 1975 &ndash; Casey Stengel, American baseball player and coach (b. 1890)
* 1981 &ndash; Bill Shankly, Scottish football manager (b. 1913)
* 1982 &ndash; Monty Stratton, American Major League Baseball pitcher (b. 1912)
* 1987 &ndash; Henry Ford II, American businessman (b. 1917)
* 1988 &ndash; Charles Addams, American cartoonist (b. 1912)
* 1989 &ndash; August Anheuser Busch, Jr., American brewer (b. 1899)
* 1993 &ndash; Gordon Douglas, American movie director (b. 1907)
* 1994 &ndash; Cheb Hasni, Algerian singer (b. 1968)
* 1996 &ndash; Leslie Crowther, English comedian, actor and game show host (b. 1933)
* 1997 &ndash; Roy Lichtenstein, American artist (b. 1923)
* 1998 &ndash; Tom Bradley, Mayor of Los Angeles, California (b. 1917)

### From 2001 
* 2001 &ndash; Nguyen Van Thieu, President of South Vietnam (b. 1923)
* 2004 &ndash; Christer Pettersson, Swedish murder suspect (b. 1947)
* 2006 &ndash; Louis-Albert Vachon, French–Canadian cardinal and Archbishop of Quebec (b. 1912)
* 2006 &ndash; Walter Hadlee, 91, New Zealand cricketer, (b. 1915)
* 2007 &ndash; Lois Maxwell, Canadian actress (b. 1927)
* 2009 &ndash; Pavel Popovich, Soviet cosmonaut (b. 1930)
* 2010 &ndash; Georges Charpak, Polish–born physicist (b. 1924)
* 2010 &ndash; Tony Curtis, American actor (b. 1925)
* 2010 &ndash; Greg Giraldo, American comedian (b. 1965)
* 2011 &ndash; Hella Haasse, Dutch writer (b. 1918)
* 2012 &ndash; Hebe Camargo, Brazilian actress, singer and television presenter (b. 1929)
* 2012 &ndash; Arthur Ochs Sulzberger, American publisher (b. 1926)
* 2013 &ndash; Carl Joachim Classen, German scholar (b. 1928)
* 2014 &ndash; Miguel Boyer, French–Spanish economist and politician (b. 1939)
* 2014 &ndash; Luis Nishizawa, Mexican painter (b. 1918)
* 2014 &ndash; George Shuba, American baseball player (b. 1924)
* 2015 &ndash; Phil Woods, American jazz musician, bandleader and composer (b. 1931)
* 2015 &ndash; Hellmuth Karasek, German literary critic and journalist (b. 1934)
* 2016 &ndash; Miriam Defensor Santiago, Filipina politician (b. 1945)
* 2017 &ndash; Tom Alter, Indian actor (b. 1950)
* 2017 &ndash; Ludmila Belousova, Russian skater (b. 1935)
* 2017 &ndash; Magdalena Ribbing, Swedish etiquette expert, writer and journalist (b. 1940)
* 2017 &ndash; Dmitry Smolsky, Belarussian composer and teacher (b. 1937)
* 2018 &ndash; Alves Barbosa, Portuguese cyclist (b. 1931)
* 2018 &ndash; Otis Rush, American blues guitarist and singer (b. 1935)
* 2019 &ndash; Beatriz Aguirre, Mexican actress (b. 1925)
* 2019 &ndash; Busbee, American songwriter (b. 1976)
* 2019 &ndash; Ilkka Laitinen, Finnish military officer and politician (b. 1962)
* 2019 &ndash; Yuriy Meshkov, Russian politician (b. 1945)
* 2020 &ndash; Mac Davis, American country singer (b. 1942)
* 2020 &ndash; Helen Reddy, Australian–American singer (b. 1941)

## Observances 
* Christian Feast Day of Michaelmas and Feast day of the three Archangels, honouring St. Michael, St. Gabriel and St. Raphael
* Inventors' Day in Argentina
* International Coffee Day
* Victory of Boquerón Day (Paraguay)

## Other websites 
* BBC: On This Day