open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Arcadia Publishing

**Arcadia Publishing** is an American publisher. They publish neighborhood, local, and regional history of the United States in pictorial form. Arcadia Publishing also owns the History Press, which publishes text-driven books on American history and folklore.

## History
It was created in Dover, New Hampshire, in 1993 by United Kingdom-based Tempus Publishing. It became independent after being bought by its CEO in 2004. The company office is in Mount Pleasant, South Carolina.

It has a catalog of more than 12,000 titles, and italong with its subsidiary, The History Presspublishes 900 new titles every year.

In May 2017, Arcadia bought Palmetto Publishing Group, a Charleston-based self-publishing service that had been in business since 2015.

In 2018, Arcadia was bought by Lezen, a new company owned by Lili and Michael Lynton.

## The History Press
The History Press is a subsidiary publishing house that is owned by Arcadia. Its books are mostly about "narratives of local heroes, tragic losses, collections of homegrown recipes, historic mysteries, and everything in between."

The History Press was originally a US subsidiary of the UK-based publisher of the same name. In 2014, the US-based part of The History Press was sold to Arcadia Publishing.

### Legendary Locals
*Legendary Locals* is an imprint of *The History Press*.

## References
## Other websites
* 
* Arcadia Publishing: Expands Distribution to Reach More Readers
* Alexander Street and Arcadia Publishing Launch Local History Collection Containing Hundreds of Thousands of Images and Texts
Chasseur (sauce)

– a cutlet served with chasseur sauce, accompanied by spätzle]]
***Sauce chasseur***, sometimes called "hunter's sauce", is a simple or compound brown sauce used in French cuisine. It is usually made using demi-glace or an espagnole sauce as a base, and often includes mushrooms and shallots. It may also include tomatoes and a finishing of fines herbes. Today, a simplified version of the sauce is produced industrially. This is what most people will associate with 'sauce chasseur'.

## History 
Chasseur is named after the French word for "hunter", hinting at the traditional pairings of mushrooms with venison, rabbit, wild fowl, and other game meats. Traditionally, while returning from the hunt, the hunters picked the mushrooms they would use to prepare the game meat.

*Chasseur* is thought to have been invented by Philippe de Mornay, who is also said to have invented Mornay sauce, Béchamel, sauce Lyonnaise and sauce Porto.

## References
Teresa Aquino-Oreta

**Maria Teresa Aquino-Oreta** (born **Maria Teresa Aquino Aquino**) (June 28, 1944 &ndash; May 14, 2020), better known as **Tessie Aquino-Oreta**, was a Filipino Liberal politician. She was born in Concepcion, Tarlac. She was a member of the House of Representatives of the Philippines from 1987 to 1998 and Senator from 1988 to 2004.

Aquino-Oreta died on May 14, 2020 in Manila at the age of 75.

## References
Claes Borgström

**Claes Gustaf Borgström** (21 July 1944&nbsp;– 15 May 2020) was a Swedish lawyer and politician. He was Equality Ombudsman (*JämO*) from 2000 until 2007. He was a member of the Social Democratic Party and later joined the Left Party. He was born in Stockholm.

Borgström died in Stockholm on 15 May 2020 from COVID-19, aged 75.

## References
Henryk Jaskuła

**Henryk Jaskuła** (22 October 1923 – 14 May 2020) was a Polish yachtsman, sailing captain, and electrical engineer. He was the first Pole to perform a single-handed non-stop circumnavigation of the globe. Jaskuła became the third man to circumnavigate the globe non-stop and single-handed on 20 May 1980. He was born in Radziszów, Poland.

Jaskuła died on 14 May 2020 in Przemyśl, Poland at the age of 96.

## References
Guido Cerniglia

**Guido Cerniglia** (3 February 1939 &ndash; 14 May 2020) was an Italian actor and theatre director. He was born in Palermo, Italy. He was known for his roles in *The Scientific Cardplayer* (1972), *Alla mia cara mamma nel giorno del suo compleanno* (1974) and in *Il giustiziere di mezzogiorno* (1975).  

Cerniglia died in Rome on 14 May 2020, aged 81.

## References
Ernie Gonzalez

**Ernie Gonzalez** (February 19, 1961 – May 15, 2020) was an American professional golfer. He played on the PGA Tour in the 1980s. He won the only title of his career in 1986. He became only the third left-handed golfer to win a Tour event. He was born in San Diego, California.

Gonzalez died on May 15, 2020 in Chicago of Alzheimer's disease-related problems, aged 59.

## References
Sergio Denis

**Héctor Omar Hoffmann Fenzel**, better known as **Sergio Denis** (16 March 1949 – 15 May 2020) was an Argentine pop singer-songwriter, pianist and actor. He was born in Coronel Suárez, Argentina. His best known songs were *Yo nunca supe más de ti*, *Cada vez que sale el sol*, *Cómo estás, querida*, *Te quiero tanto* and *Un poco loco*.

He also recorded Spanish versions of songs by Paul McCartney, John Denver, The Mamas & the Papas and Leonard Cohen.

In March 2019, Denis fell while performing at a concert in Tucumán. He suffered from cerebral edema and was in a coma. Denis died of a stroke while in a coma on 15 May 2020 in Buenos Aires, aged 71.

## References
Bible d'Olivétan

The '''Bible d'Olivétan'* (*Olivetan Bible*) is a French translation of the Bible, which was published in Neuchâtel in 1535.

## Description 
The *Bible d'Olivétan'' was made by Pierre Robert Olivétan (c.1506—1538) who is believed to be a cousin of John Calvin. Olivétan published his first Bible translation in 1535 in Neuchâtel, a Swiss town.

## References
## Other websites 
*Spreading the Word (a page of the original Olivétan Bible)
Mitch Greenlick

**Merwyn R. "Mitch" Greenlick** (March 12, 1935 &ndash; May 15, 2020) was an American Democratic politician. He represented District 33 of the Oregon House of Representatives from 2003 until his death. Greenlick was born in Detroit, Michigan. He was known proposing health care-related laws.

Greenlick died on May 15, 2020 in Portland, Oregon at the age of 85.

## References
## Other websites
* Legislative Website 
* Campaign Website 
* Map of Oregon House District 33 
* Merwyn R. Greenlick, Ph.D. at Oregon Health and Science University
Phil May (singer)

**Phil May** (born **Philip Arthur Dennis Kattner**, 9 November 1944&nbsp;– 15 May 2020) was an English singer-songwriter and musician. He became known in the 1960s as the lead singer of Pretty Things. He was one of the band's main lyricists. He was the primary lyricist for the album *S.F. Sorrow*.

May died on 15 May 2020, in a hospital in King's Lynn from hip surgery-related problems, aged 75.

## References
Julio Anguita

**Julio Anguita González** (21 November 194116 May 2020) was a Spanish Communist politician. He was born in Fuengirola, Spain. 

Anguita was Secretary General of the Communist Party from 1988 to 1998. He was also Mayor of Córdoba from 1979 to 1986. From 1989 to 2000, he was a Congressional Deputy and Coordinator of United Left.

Anguita died on 16 May 2020 in Córdoba of a heart attack, aged 78.

## References
Triple Crown (snooker)

The **Triple Crown** in snooker is winning three tournaments,  the World Championship, the UK Championship, and the Masters. These three events together make up the *Triple Crown Series*. Each individual tournament is called a Triple Crown event. Players who win all three tournaments are said to have "won the Triple Crown", either over their career, or in one season alone. The Triple Crown dates back to the 1969 World Snooker Championship, when the event changed reverted to a knockout format from the prior "challenge" basis.

, 11 players have won all three events. Stephen Hendry and Ronnie O'Sullivan won each event five times or more. O'Sullivan has the most titles, having won 19 individual tournaments. Three players have won all three in the space of a season. Mark Williams, Steve Davis each won all three and Hendry having done so on two occasions.

## Tournament winners
### By season
A list of all winners of the three Triple Crown events is shown below by season:

### Multiple Triple Crown event winners
## References
Pilar Pellicer

**Pilar Pellicer** (born **Pilar Pellicer López de Llergo**; February 2, 1938 &ndash; May 16, 2020) was a Mexican actress. Pellicer won the Ariel Award for Best Actress for her role as the main character in *La Choca* (1974). Her other best known roles were as Admiradora in *The Life of Agustín Lara* (1959) and as Lydia *Day of the Evil Gun* (1968). Pellicer was born in Villahermosa, Tabasco.

Pellicer died of COVID-19 on May 16, 2020 in Mexico City, aged 82.

## References
## Other websites
*
Claudie Haigneré

**Claudie André-Deshays Haigneré** (born 13 May 1957) is a French doctor, politician, and former astronaut. She was a member of the Centre National d'Études Spatiales (1985–1999) and the European Space Agency (1999–2002). She was born in Le Creusot, France. She is also the CEO of France Telecom.

## References
K. Varadarajan

**K. Varadarajan ** (October 4, 1946 – May 16, 2020) was an Indian politician and activist. He was a Politburo member of the Communist Party of India (Marxist) from Tamil Nadu of India. He also was Leader of All India Kisan Sabha. 

Varadarajan died on May 16, 2020 at his home in Karur, Tamilnadu of respiratory failure, aged 73.

## References
Jumada al-Ula

**Jumada al-Awwal** (Arabic: جُمَادَىٰ ٱلْأَوَّل, '**Jumādā al-ʾAwwal**'), also known as **Jumada al-Ula** (Arabic: جُمَادَىٰ ٱلْأُولَىٰ, '**Jumādā al-ʾŪlā**') or **Jumada Ⅰ**, is the fifth month of the 12 lunar months in the Islamic calendar. The month spans 29 or 30 days.
Lynn Shelton

**Lynn Shelton** (August 27, 1959 – May 16, 2020) She also directed some episodes of *GLOW*, *Mad Men*, *The Mindy Project* and *Shameless*. 

Shelton was born in Oberlin, Ohio. She was raised in Seattle, Washington. Shelton came out as bisexual in 2012.

Shelton died of acute myeloid leukemia in Los Angeles on May 16, 2020, aged 54. She was in a relationship with comedian Marc Maron at the time of her death.

## References
Bob Watson

**Robert José Watson** (April 10, 1946May 14, 2020) was an American professional baseball player and sports executive. He was born in Los Angeles, California.

Watson was a first baseman and left fielder who played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Houston Astros, Boston Red Sox, New York Yankees and Atlanta Braves from 1966 to 1984. Watson was a two-time All-Star during his playing career.

After retiring as a player, Watson coached for the Oakland Athletics and was general manager for the Astros from 1993 through 1995 and the Yankees from 1995 through 1998. The Yankees won the 1996 World Series.

He was MLB's vice president in charge of discipline and vice president of rules and on-field operations until 2010.

Watson was diagnosed with stage 4 kidney disease in 2016. He died on May 14, 2020 from the disease in Houston at the age of 74.

## References
Saint-Gaudéric

**Saint-Gaudéric** is a commune of 115 people (2017). It is in the region Occitanie in the Aude department in the south of France.

## References
Henrik Pontén

**Henrik Pontén** (17 October 1965 &ndash; 15 May 2020) was a Swedish jurist. He was born in Kalmar, Sweden. He worked for the organization Svenska antipiratbyrån (Swedish Anti-Piracy Bureau), and was often seen representing the organization in the media.

He became well known in Swedish media during the Bahnhof raid and the raid against The Pirate Bay. Pontén studied law at Stockholm University.

In May 2009, a fake application with the Swedish Tax Agency was submitted to change his name to "Pirate Pontén".

In January 2020, Pontén was injured in a bike accident where it left him in a coma. He died on 16 May 2020

## References
Oberlin, Ohio

**Oberlin** is a city in Lorain County, Ohio, United States, southwest of Cleveland.  Oberlin is the home of Oberlin College.

The population was 8,555 at the 2020 census.

## References
2017 World Snooker Championship

The **2017 World Snooker Championship** was a professional snooker tournament. It took place from 15&nbsp;April to 1&nbsp;May 2017 at the Crucible Theatre in Sheffield, England. It was the 19th and final ranking event of the 2016–17 season, after the China Open. It was the 41st year that the World Snooker Championship had been held at the Crucible.

The winner of the title was defending champion Mark Selby. He defeated John Higgins 18–15 in the final despite having fallen 4–10 behind in the second session of the match. Selby defeated Ding Junhui 17–15 in the semi-finals, whilst Higgins defeated Barry Hawkins 17–8. This was Selby's third World Championship win. He had also won the title in the 2014 and 2016 tournaments.

The total prize fund for the event was £1,750,000. The winner got the top prize of £375,000. There were 74 century breaks in the main stage of the championship, with a further 84 in qualifying. Englishman Ronnie O'Sullivan made a break of 146 in the quarter-finals, the highest of the tournament. Gary Wilson scored a maximum break of 147 in qualifying during his first round win over Josh Boileau. The tournament was broadcast in Europe by the BBC and Eurosport, and internationally by World Snooker on Facebook.

## Prize fund 
The total prize money for the event was raised to £1,750,000 from the previous year's prize fund of £1,500,100. The winner of the event won £375,000. The prize money for the 2017 World Snooker Championship is shown below.
*Winner: £375,000
*Runner-up: £160,000
*Semi-final: £75,000
*Quarter-final: £37,500
*Last 16: £25,000
*Last 32: £16,000
*Last 48: £12,000
*Last 80: £8,000
*Total: £1,750,000

## Main draw 
The numbers in parentheses beside some of the players are their seeding ranks. Match winners are shown in bold.

## Century breaks 
There were 74 century breaks made by 23 players in the main stage of the 2017 World Snooker Championship. The highest break of the tournament, a 146, was compiled by Ronnie O'Sullivan in his quarter-final loss to Ding Junhui.
* 146, 128, 124, 122, 111, 104 Ronnie O'Sullivan
* 143, 139, 132, 131, 128, 121, 101, 100 Mark Selby
* 141, 135, 129, 127, 124, 120, 120, 111 John Higgins
* 139, 136, 132, 132, 128, 128, 120, 117, 117, 113, 111, 110, 103 Ding Junhui
* 137, 122 Stuart Bingham 
* 135, 114 Stephen Maguire
* 132, 126, 115 Barry Hawkins
* 131 Xiao Guodong
* 130 Liang Wenbo
* 129, 116, 105, 102, 100, 100 Mark Allen
* 125 Ryan Day
* 124, 107, 101 Stuart Carrington
* 118, 115, 109, 105 Marco Fu
* 118, 112, 109 Shaun Murphy
* 113, 105 Neil Robertson
* 111, 104 Ali Carter
* 110 Kyren Wilson
* 109 Luca Brecel
* 109 Yan Bingtao
* 108, 100 Martin Gould
* 105 Graeme Dott
* 104 David Grace
* 103, 100 Gary Wilson

## References 
## Other websites 
*
Khalid Mahmud (judge)

**Allama Khalid Mahmud** (17 October 1925 – 14 May 2020) was a Pakistani Sunni Islamic scholar. He was a Justice of the Supreme Court of Pakistan. He created the Islamic Academy in Manchester. He was best known for his works related to Finality of the Prophethood. He was born in Lahore.

Mahmood died of problems caused by a fractured hip at a hospital in Manchester on 14 May 2020, aged 94.

## References
Nine-ball

**Nine-ball** (sometimes written **9-ball**) is a cue sport and a type of pool. The game was first played in the United States in the 1920s. It is played on a rectangular billiard table with pockets at each of the four corners and in the middle of each long side. Using a cue stick, players must strike the white ball to pocket 9 colored billiard balls in order. An individual game is won by the player pocketing the 9-ball. Matches are usually played as a race to a set number of games, with the player who reaches the set number winning the match.

## Popular culture 
The sport has featured in popular culture, most notably in the 1956 novel *The Hustler* and its 1961 film adaptation, and the 1984 novel sequel *The Color of Money* and 1986 film *The Color of Money*.

## References 
## Other websites
* 
* Pro9 - website detailing the many nine-ball tournaments held within the British Isles and beyond
Harvey

**Harvey** [ **hahr**-vee ] is an English family name or boys name derived from the Old Breton name *Huiarnviu*. Harvey, a moniker with a long-standing presence, boasts a fascinating legacy. The name's roots can be traced back to Old English, denoting "battle worthy" or "strong in battle," derived from the words "here" for army and "wig" for battle. Initially, the name was utilized as a surname, awarded to individuals recognized for their valor and might in combat. This name was ranked #420 on the US Popular Names in 2021.

## People 
* Harvey Robert Levin, American television producer and gossip journalist
* Harvey Forbes Fierstein, American actor and playwright
* Harvey Weinstein, American film producer
* Harvey Samuel Firestone, American businessman

## References
Butterflies Are Free

***Butterflies Are Free*** is a 1972 American comedy drama movie directed by Milton Katselas and based on the play of the same name by Leonard Gershe. It stars Goldie Hawn, Edward Albert, Eileen Heckart, Michael Glaser and was distributed by Columbia Pictures. It was nominated for 3 Oscars and won an Academy Award in 1973.

## Other websites
* 
* 
* 
*
World Professional Billiards and Snooker Association

The **World Professional Billiards and Snooker Association** (**WPBSA**) is the governing body of professional snooker and English billiards. It owns and sets the official rules of the two sports and engages in promotional activities on behalf of the sports. It was founded in 1968 and based in Bristol, the United Kingdom, 

The WPBSA is the governing body for cue sports, specifically that of snooker, pool, and billiards.

The WPBSA has a number of associated organisations, including World Snooker, World Billiards, World Women's Snooker and World Disability Billiards and Snooker.

*

The WPBSA head office is based in Bristol, England. Jason Ferguson is WPBSA chairman. The organisation also determines the rules and regulations of snooker and English billiards, including disciplinary matters.

## References 
## Other websites 
* World Professional Billiards & Snooker Association (WPBSA) Official website
* World Snooker Official webs
* World Billiards Official website
* World Disability Billiards & Snooker Official website
* World Women's Snooker Official website
Band of the Hand

***Band of the Hand*** is a 1986 American action crime thriller movie directed by Paul Michael Glaser and starring Stephen Lang, Michael Carmine, Lauren Holly, Danny Quinn, Laurence Fishburne, Leon Robinson. It was distributed by TriStar Pictures.

## Other websites
*
*
*
New Year's Evil

'''''New Year's Evil''''' is a 1980 American horror thriller movie directed by Emmett Alston and starring Roz Kelly, Kip Niven, Grant Cramer, Louisa Moritz, Taaffe O'Connell, Teri Copley. It was distributed by Cannon Group.

## Other websites
* 
* 
*
Oklahoma Historical Society

The **Oklahoma Historical Society** (OHS) is an agency run by the government of Oklahoma. It was created to promote and preserve the History of Oklahoma and its people. The agency collects, and interprets knowledge and artifacts of Oklahoma. Its mission is to collect, preserve, and share the history and culture of the state of Oklahoma and its people.

## History
The OHS was formed by the Oklahoma Territorial Press Association in May 1893 which is 14 years before Oklahoma became a state. During this time, its initial function was to collect and distribute newspapers published in Oklahoma Territory. The society was declared an agency of the Oklahoma government in 1895. This is how it became an official state government agency when Oklahoma formed as a state in 1907.

Their Board of Directors is made up of 25 members, 12 of whom are appointed by the governor and rest 13 are elected by OHS members for a three-year terms.
Michael McCaskey

**Michael Benning McCaskey** (December 11, 1943May 16, 2020) was an American sports executive who was the chairman of the Chicago Bears in the National Football League (NFL) from 1999 until 2011. He was the oldest son of the late Bears owner Virginia Halas McCaskey and grandson of team founder George Halas.

McCaskey died on May 16, 2020 in Chicago, Illinois from cancer at the age of 76.

## References
## Other websites
*
Saint-Laurent-de-la-Cabrerisse

**Saint-Laurent-de-la-Cabrerisse** is a commune. It is in the region Occitanie in the Aude department in the south of France.

## References
Arthur Summons

**Arthur James Summons** (13 December 1935 – 16 May 2020) was an Australian representative rugby union and rugby league player. He captained the Australian national rugby league team in five undefeated test matches from 1962 until 1964 and later also coached the side. He was born in Paddington, New South Wales.

Summons died on 16 May 2020 in Wagga Wagga, New South Wales at the age of 84.

## References
Sorority Girl

***Sorority Girl*** (also known as ***Sorority House*** or ***The Bad One***) is a 1957 American crime drama movie directed by Roger Corman and starring Susan Cabot, Barboura Morris. It was distributed by American International Pictures and was remade in 1994 as *Confessions of a Sorority Girl*.

## Other websites
*
*
*
Down and Out in Beverly Hills

***Down and Out in Beverly Hills*** is a 1986 American comedy movie directed by Paul Mazursky and is based on the play and 1932 movie *Bondu Saved from Drowning*. It stars Bette Midler, Nick Nolte, Richard Dreyfuss, Little Richard and was distributed by Touchstone Pictures. Down and Out in Beverly Hills was Touchstone's first R-rated movie.

## Other websites
*
The Tall Stranger

***The Tall Stranger*** is a 1957 American western movie directed by Thomas Carr and is based on the novel of the same name by Louis L'Amour. It stars Joel McCrea, Virgina Mayo, Barry Kelley, Michael Ansara, Leo Gordon, Whit Bissell, George J. Lewis and was distributed by Allied Artists.

## Other websites
*
Mars Orbiter Mission 2

The **Mars Orbiter Mission 2**, also known as **Mangalyaan 2**, is India's second interplanetary craft planned to orbit Mars by the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO). It is planned for launch no earlier than [2026]. India was the first Asian nation to reach Mars' orbit and on its first attempt when Mangalyaan 1 was launched in 2013 by ISRO. It was originally going to include a lander, but in February 2021, ISRO decided it would only be an orbiter.

## References
Euteleostomi

**Euteleostomi** is the largest group of vertebrates. Except for hagfish, lampreys, and cartilaginous fishes all vetebrates are part of this group. All Euteleostomi have a skeleton made of bone, and a skull. In the case of several fish related to the sturgeon, most of the skeleton has again been transformed to cartilage. 

## References
Matthew Wolfenden (actor)

**Matthew Wolfenden** (born 5 May 1980) is an English actor. He is best known for portraying the role of David Metcalfe in the ITV soap opera *Emmerdale* (2006–2024).

Wolfenden was born in Norwood Green, West Yorkshire. He was educated at Brighouse High School.

## Career
Wolfenden was a member of the British gymnastics squad until, aged 16, he fell whilst practising on the rings and broke his back. This prevented his continuing gymnastics and he turned to acting.

## References
## Other websites
*
County Dublin

**County Dublin** is a historical county of Ireland, containing Dublin, the capital of the Republic of Ireland. It is now divided into the counties of Dún Laoghaire–Rathdown, Fingal, and South Dublin, and the city of Dublin. The River Liffey runs through the county and city, historically dividing the north and south sides of Dublin. The county has a rich history dating back to early Celtic settlement and was the first part of Ireland to be shired after the Norman invasion in the late 1100s.

## References
Deputy Prime Minister of Spain

The **First Deputy Prime Minister of Spain**, officially **First Vice President of the Government of Spain**, () is the second politician in charge after the Prime Minister of Spain. They take the responsibilities of Prime Minister when the  office vacant due to resignation or death.

## Living Deputy Prime Ministers
As of , there are ten living former Spanish Deputy Prime Ministers:

Martin villa002.jpg|Rodolfo Martín VillaIn office: 1981–1982Age: 
Alfonso Guerra.jpg|Alfonso GuerraIn office: 1982–1991Age: 
Narcís Serra i Serra - 001.jpg|Narcís SerraIn office: 1991–1995Age: 
Francisco Álvarez-Cascos (2010).jpg|Francisco Álvarez-CascosIn office: 1996–2000Age: 
Mariano Rajoy in 2018.jpg|Mariano RajoyIn office: 2000–2003Age: 
RODRIGO RATO RT-8 01.JPG|Rodrigo RatoIn office: 2003–2004Age: 
María Teresa Fernández de la Vega, Presidenta del Consejo de Estado 2018 (Cropped).jpg|María Teresa Fernández de la VegaIn office: 2004–2010Age: 
Elena Salgado, durante la rueda de prensa posterior al Consejo de Ministros (9 de octubre de 2011) (cropped).jpg|Elena SalgadoIn office: 2011Age: 
(Soraya Sáenz de Santamaría) AACU8277 (42868458574) (cropped).png|Soraya Sáenz de SantamaríaIn office: 2011-2018Age: 

The most recent Deputy Prime Minister to die was Alfredo Pérez Rubalcaba (served 2010–2011) on 10 May 2019, aged 67.

## References
Basic reproduction number

A very important number for describing whether a disease can become an epidemic or not is R0, pronounced "R naught" or "R zero". It refers to how many people a person who has this disease is expected to infect on average if there are no people immune to the disease. It is an abbreviation for **basic reproduction number**.

If R0 > 1, a disease can become an epidemic. If R0 0 > 1. However, vaccines can be used to make enough people immune in a population to stop epidemics from happening. We can also use other measures to make the effective reproduction rate (Re, usually written Rt with *t* for time) lower than the basic reproduction rate (R0).

An example of a vaccine that works really well is the smallpox vaccine, which stopped smallpox virus from spreading so well that it no longer exists except in laboratories. Examples of making the effective reproduction rate lower than the basic reproduction rate are using condoms to stop sexually transmitted diseases from spreading or not getting close to others (physical distancing, often called *social distancing*) to stop respiratory diseases from spreading.

## Related pages
* SIR model
* Apparent infection rate

## References
The Abductors

***The Abductors*** is a 1957 American crime drama movie directed by Andrew V. McLaglen and stars Victor McLaglen, George Macready, Gavin Muir, Fay Spain. It was distributed by 20th Century Fox.

## Other websites
*
List of world snooker champions

The World Snooker Championship snooker tournament founded in 1927 and since 1977 played at the Crucible Theatre in Sheffield, England. The event is played over 17 days in late April and early May, and is chronologically the third of the three Triple Crown events of the season since 1977–78, when the UK Championship was first held. The event was not held from 1941 to 1945 because of World War II or between 1958 and 1963 due to declining interest.

The governing body that organises this event is the World Professional Billiards and Snooker Association. Prior to this in 1968, the world championship was organised by the Billiards Association and Control Council (BACC), except for a few years when the Professional Billiards Players' Association (PBPA) staged their own event, the World Professional Match-play Championship.

The best player at the World Snooker Championship was Joe Davis, who won 15 consecutive titles between 1927 and 1946. The record in the modern era, usually dated from 1969 of a knock-out tournament format, rather than a challenge format, is held by Stephen Hendry, who won the title 7 times between 1990 and 1999.

## Champions
## Statistics 
### Multiple champions 
### Champions by country 
## Notes 
## References
Judd Trump

**Judd Trump** (born 20 August 1989) is an English snooker player from Bristol who won the World Championship in 2019 and is the world number two. One of 11 players to win all Triple Crown events at least once, he has won 17 ranking titles.

After winning the English Under-13 and Under-15 events and reaching the World Under-21 semi-finals, Judd Trump turned professional in 2005, aged 16. He won his first ranking title at the 2011 China Open, beating Selby 10 - 8 in the final. The following month, he reached the final of the 2011 World Championship, but lost 15 - 18 to John Higgins. He won his first Triple Crown event later that year when he won the 2011 UK Championship, defeating Mark Allen 10 - 8 in the final. 

During the 2018 - 2019 snooker season,  he won his first Masters title, defeating Ronnie O'Sullivan 10 - 4 in the final, and completed his Triple Crown by winning his first World Snooker Championship, defeating Higgins 18 - 9. He also became the first snooker player to win over £1 million in prize money in a single season.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Judd Trump at *worldsnooker.com*
* Global Snooker profile
* PABSA at *www.pabsa.org*
Baby Face (movie)

***Baby Face*** is a 1933 American drama movie directed by Alfred E. Green and stars Barbara Stanwyck, George Brent, Donald Cook, John Wayne, Henry Kolker, Arthur Hohl. It was distributed by Warner Bros..

## Other websites
* 
* 
*
1984 World Snooker Championship

The **1984 World Snooker Championship** was a snooker tournament. It took place between 21&nbsp;April and 7&nbsp;May 1984 at the Crucible Theatre in Sheffield, England. The event was run by the World Professional Billiards and Snooker Association (WPBSA), and was the eighth World Snooker Championship to be held at the Crucible since 1977. The event had 94 entries. The total prize fund for the event was £200,000, the highest total pool for any snooker tournament to that date; the winner received £44,000.

The defending champion was English player Steve Davis, who had won the title twice. He met Jimmy White in the final, which was played as a best-of-35-frames match. Davis won 18–16. Rex Williams made the event's highest break, scoring a 138. Eight century breaks were made during the competition, the fewest since 1978. The tournament was sponsored by cigarette manufacturer Embassy, and broadcast by BBC and ITV.

## Prize fund
The total prize fund for the event was the largest for any snooker tournament to that date. The prize fund was £200,000 with the winner receiving £44,000. The breakdown of prize money for the event is shown below:
*Winner: £44,000
*Runner-up: £22,000
*Semi-finals: £12,700
*Quarter-finals: £6,600
*Last 16: £4,350
*Last 32: £2,200
*Qualifying: £450
*Highest break: £4,000
*Maximum break: £15,000
*Total: £200,000

## Main draw 
Shown below are the results for each round. Numbering in brackets shows player's seed.

## Century breaks 
There were eight centuries in the championship, the fewest since 1978. The highest break of the TV stages was 138 made by Rex Williams. The highest break in qualifying was a 112 made by Jim Donnelly.
* 138 Rex Williams
* 119, 100 Jimmy White
* 115, 101 Kirk Stevens
* 109 Ray Reardon
* 102 Dennis Taylor
* 100 Steve Davis

## References
Gibigiana (Castiglioni)

**Gibigiana** is a type of table lamp. It was designed by the architect Achille Castiglioni, in 1980 and produced by Floss S.p.A..

## Bibliography 
* Silvana Annicchiarico, 100 oggetti del design italiano: Collezione Permanente del Design Italiano, La Triennale de Milan, Cangemi Editore Spa, Rome, 
* Gino Moliterno, Encyclopedia of Contemporary Italian Culture, 2000
* Silvia Bignami, Antonello Negri, ''Anni '30 - Arti in Italia oltre il fascismo'', Giunti Editore, 2012, ISBN 8809781430
* Maria Cristina Tommasini, Mario Pancera, Il design italiano: protagonisti, opere, scuole, 1992 
* The Architectural Review - Volume 176, 1984
* Giampiero Bosoni, Fabrizio G. Confalonieri, Paesaggio del design italiano, 1972-1988, 1988 

## References 
## Other websites 
*Beni Culturali Gibigiana Castiglioni
*Gibigiana Fondazione Achille Castiglioni
*Museo del Design di Israele, Gibigiana, Achille Castiglioni
*Castiglioni present Gibigiana, International Design Conference of Aspen, 1989
*Exhibition "Gibigiana" in Fondazione Achille Castiglioni, Milan, 2014
Idolatry

**Idolatry** is the worship of statues or images as gods. It is also used as a metaphor for other extreme devotion to a person of thing.

## Literal Meaning of Idolatry
**Idolatry** is the worship of an idol or image, being a picture, a statue, or a person in place of God. In Judaism, Christianity and Islam, idolatry means worshiping something that is not God. These religions teach that there is only one God. Idolatry is said to be the "worship of false gods". It is forbidden by religious rules such as the Ten Commandments. There it says, "You shall not make a carved image (as a God)" and "You shall not have any other god ahead of Me (the only God). The monotheistic religions all have such rules.

The strict understanding of these rules would not allow religious statues of any kind. People who hold these views think that such statues should be destroyed. Others would say that worshipers must understand that the statue is only a symbol for God. They say that the image or statue is not the god. This has long been accompanied with violence between religious groups that forbid idol worship and those who have accepted icons, images and idols for worship. In many Indian religions, such as theistic and non-theistic forms of Hinduism, Buddhism and Jainism, idols (*murti*) are to be considered as symbolism for the absolute but not The Absolute. In the traditional religions of ancient Egypt, Greece, Rome, Africa, Asia, the Americas and elsewhere, the reverence of an image or statue has been a common practice. These statues or images have carried different meanings and significance.

The definition of idolatry has been a contested topic within Abrahamic religions, with many Muslims and Protestant Christians condemning the Catholic veneration of the Virgin Mary as a form of idolatry. This veneration of Mary and other Saints often involves statues. In the Orthodox churches, flat painted images are common, instead of carved statues. These are called Icons.

In history, many religions have accused others of idolatry. These accusations are that statues and images are devoid of symbolism. They say that many people believe the idol, statue or image is a god. Different groups often think that icons or statues in their religion have meaningful symbolism, but another person's religious images do not.

## Idolatry as a Metaphor
Religious leaders have used the idea of Idolatry (literal worship of statues or images) as a metaphor. They call anything that comes ahead of God an Idol. Saint Paul writes that "covetousness" (wanting material things) is idolatry. Jesus preached that "you cannot serve God and Mammon". Mammon was the Syrian God of riches. Muslim writers warn of making idols of material things or even political ideologies. Eastern religions have also warned about making material things one's god.

"Idolizing" persons, such as rock stars can also be seen as a form of idolatry. The popular TV show "American Idol" seems to use the term in a positive way. But this has been questioned even by non religious persons. Billy Graham has warned against various things that become idols in a person's life.

## References
Carroll County, Ohio

**Carroll County** is a county in the U.S. state of Ohio. In 2020, 26,721 people lived there. The county seat is Carrollton.

## References
Appling County, Georgia

**Appling County** is a county in the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, 18,444 people lived there. The county seat is Baxley.

## References
Fulton County, Ohio

**Fulton County** is a county located in the U.S. state of Ohio west of Toledo. In 2020, 42,713 people lived there. The county seat is Wauseon.

## References
2002 World Snooker Championship

The **2002 World Snooker Championship** was a professional snooker tournament. It took place from 20&nbsp;April to 6&nbsp;May 2002 at the Crucible Theatre in Sheffield, England. It was the final ranking event of the 2001–02 snooker season. This was the 26th year that the World Snooker Championship had been held at the Crucible.

Peter Ebdon won his first world title by beating Stephen Hendry 18–17 in the final.This was Hendry's ninth and last appearance in a World Championship final. There was a total of 65 century breaks made during the tournament. The highest was made by Stevens, who made a 145 in his quarter-final match. Hendry made a total of 16 centuries during the event, a record for any individual tournament. The championships were sponsored by cigarette manufacturer Embassy. A total prize fund of £1,615,770 was awarded at the event, with the winner receiving £260,000.

## Prize fund 
The breakdown of prize money for this year is shown below:

*Winner: £260,000
*Runner-up: £152,000
*Semi-final: £76,000
*Quarter-final: £38,000
*Last 16: £21,000
*Last 32: £14,500
*Last 48: £11,000
*Last 64: £6,825

*Last 80: £5,500
*Last 96: £4,150
*Last 128: £1,185
*Stage one highest break: £2,250
*Stage two highest break: £20,000
*Stage one maximum break: £5,000
*Stage two maximum break: £147,000
*Total: £1,615,770

## Main draw 
Shown below are the results for each round. The numbers in brackets beside some of the players are their seeding ranks. Players in bold denote match winners:

## Century breaks 
There were 68 century breaks at the event. The highest break was 145, made by Matthew Stevens during his quarter-final match against Higgins. Hendry made 16 century breaks during the tournament, the record for most centuries at a ranking event.
* 145, 135, 113, 105, 105, 105, 101 Matthew Stevens
* 141, 134, 132, 130, 126, 126, 125, 124, 122, 116, 113, 113, 111, 108, 104, 100  Stephen Hendry
* 138, 134, 127, 111, 108, 103, 102, 101, 100, 100 Peter Ebdon
* 136, 124, 116, 112, 109, 107, 105, 101 John Higgins
* 136, 119 Stephen Lee
* 135, 101 Dave Harold
* 134, 109 Stuart Bingham
* 134, 109, 100 Joe Perry
* 134 Alan McManus
* 132, 129, 115, 115, 113, 110, 110, 102 Ronnie O'Sullivan
* 120, 117, 106, 105 Ken Doherty
* 109, 106 Anthony Hamilton
* 107 Drew Henry
* 102 Michael Judge
* 101 Paul Hunter

## References
Alex Lely

**Alex Lely** (born 30 June 1973) is a Dutch pool player. Lely won the 1999 World Pool Masters after defeating Efren Reyes 7–5 in the final. He reached the final in 2000 but lost to Ralf Souquet 7–3. He is a two-time European Champion having won the nine-ball and eight-ball at the 2005 European Pool Championships. 

Lely has competed for the European team at the Mosconi Cup on four occasions in 1999, 2005, 2008 and 2009. Lely would be a part of the winning team at the 2008 Mosconi Cup. In 2020, he took over as the team captain of the European team over Marcus Chamat. He won three events on the Euro Tour, first winning the 1999 German Open, before winning two more events in 2005 and 2006.

## Achievements 
* European Pool Championships
** 2005 (Nine-ball, Eight-ball)
* 1999 World Pool Masters
* Euro Tour
** 1999 German Open
** 2005 Italian Open
** 2006 Netherlands Open

## References 
## Other websites
Eve Miller

**Eve Miller** (born **Marilyn Miller**; August 8, 1923 &ndash; August 17, 1973) was an American actress who appeared in 41 movies between 1945 and 1961. She was born in Los Angeles, California, and died in Van Nuys, California. She committed suicide at age 50.

## References 
## Other websites 
*
Thirty-fifth government of Israel

The **thirty-fifth government of Israel** was installed on May 17, 2020 and ended on June 13, 2021.

The Prime Minister was Likud politician Benjamin Netanyahu. In a year and a half Blue and White leader Benny Gantz would become prime minister.

It consisted of the following parties with seats in brackets:
* HaLikud (Likud) (36)
* Kahol Lavan (Blue and White) (15)
* Shas (9)
* Yahadut HaTorah (United Torah Judaism) (7)
* HaAvoda (Labor) (3)
* Derekh Eretz (2)
* HaBayit HaYehudi (The Jewish Home) (1)
* Gesher (1)

Together it had 74 seats in the 23rd Knesset.

The Netanyahu-Gantz Government presented itself as a unity government, established due to health and socio-economic problems caused by the coronavirus pandemic.

## Other websites
* Government 35, Knesset website
* Government 35, Israeli Ministry of Foreign Affairs website
Eurovision: Europe Shine a Light

***Eurovision: Europe Shine a Light***  was a live television programme, created by the European Broadcasting Union (EBU). It replaced the Eurovision Song Contest 2020, which was going to be held in Rotterdam, Netherlands, but was cancelled due to the coronavirus pandemic.

The show was shown live from Hilversum, Netherlands on 16 May 2020 and lasted for two hours. It was hosted by Chantal Janzen, Edsilia Rombley and Jan Smit, who had been chosen to present the Eurovision Song Contest 2020 before its cancellation.

## Format
, Jan Smit and Edsilia Rombley, the presenters of the programme]]
During the programme, all 41 songs that had been chosen to take part in the Eurovision Song Contest 2020 were show but no one could vote. Participants from the past were invited to make an appearance. Together, the artists performed "Love Shine a Light" from their home countries. Videos of Eurovision fans singing along to "What's Another Year" by Johnny Logan, which won the Eurovision Song Contest 1980 in The Hague, were shown as well.

### Venue
Hilversum was the host city and Studio 21 in Media Park was the venue of the show.

### Presenters
The show was hosted by three presenters: Actress and television host Chantal Janzen, singer and commentator for the contest Jan Smit, and singer Edsilia Rombley, who represented the Netherlands in the 1998 and 2007 contests. They would have been the three hosts of the Eurovision Song Contest 2020. 

### Performances
The show featured performances from the following Eurovision artists:

### Song showcase
The show also showcased the artists and songs that would've been performed at the Eurovision Song Contest 2020, by showing short videos of the songs' music videos or stage performances, along with video messages from the artists themselves.

### Appearances
*  – Viki Gabor (winner of the Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2019)
*  – Alexander Rybak (Norwegian representative in ; winner of the )
*  – Lenny Kuhr (co-winner of the )
*  – Sandra Kim (winner of the )
*  – Anne-Marie David (French representative in ; winner of the )
*  – Niamh Kavanagh (Irish representative in ; winner of the )
*  – Getty Kaspers (winner of the  as part of Teach-In)
*  – Ell & Nikki (winners of the )
*  – Sergey Lazarev (Russian representative in  and )
*  – Dana (winner of the )
*  – Elena Paparizou (Greek representative in  as part of Antique; winner of the )
*  – Carola (Swedish representative in  and ; winner of the )
*  – Conchita Wurst (winner of the )
*  – Björn Ulvaeus (winner of the  as part of ABBA)
*  – Graham Norton (British commentator for the contest)

#### Broadcasters and commentators 
The countries below broadcasted the live show:

## References 
## Other websites
*
Saint-Hilaire, Aude

**Saint-Hilaire** is a commune of 773 people (2017). It is in the region Occitanie in the Aude department in the south of France.

## References
Eurovision Song Contest 2021

hosted the 2021 Eurovision Song Contest|268x268px]]
The **Eurovision Song Contest 2021** was the 65th edition of the Eurovision Song Contest that took place in the Netherlands's second largest city Rotterdam, after Duncan Laurence won for his country in Tel Aviv, Israel. 

The Eurovision Song Contest 2020 was cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic and was replaced with a live TV show called Eurovision: Europe Shine a Light. It was later announced that Rotterdam will host the 2021 edition. The contest took place from 18 to 22 May 2021 with two semi-finals and one final. The Netherlands hosted the contest for the fifth time.

The EBU confirmed that 39 countries will participate in 2021. Like the previous year, Hungary and Montenegro did not take part. Armenia also did not take part, while Belarus was disqualified after their intended entry violated the contest's rules. Due to the ongoing pandemic, the EBU presented several scenarios (A, B, C and D) in which the competition could take place.

## Venue 
The contest happened in Rotterdam Ahoy in Rotterdam and was organized by the Dutch broadcasters NPO, NOS and AVROTROS.

## Hosts 
There were four presenters hosting the contest in Rotterdam: Chantal Janzen, Jan Smit, Edsilia Rombley and Nikkie de Jager. 

## Slogan 
The slogan of the Eurovision Song Contest 2021 was *Open Up*. It was already planned for the 2020 contest and later confirmed that it would be used again.

## Rule changes 
For the 2021 edition, it was announced by the EBU that pre-recorded backing vocals will be allowed for the live shows. In previous years these had to be performed live.

## Entries 
Because the contest was cancelled last year, many countries decided to send their representative from last year again. However, the EBU announced that completely new songs have to be submitted for 2021.

## Participating countries 
### Semi-final 1
The first semi-final took place on 18 May 2021 at 21:00 (CEST). Sixteen countries participated in the first semi-final. Those countries plus ,  and the  voted in this semi-final.  was originally allocated to participate in the first half of the semi-final, but was disqualified from the contest after submitting an entry in violation of the rules.

The highlighted countries qualified for the final.

### Semi-final 2
The second semi-final took place on 20 May 2021 at 21:00 (CEST).  was originally allocated to participate in the second half of the semi-final, but withdrew from the contest due to social and political crises in the aftermath of the 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war.

The highlighted countries qualified for the final.

### Final 
The final took place on 22 May 2021 at 21:00 (CEST). Twenty-six countries participated in the final, with all thirty-nine participating countries eligible to vote.

### No return to the contest 
These countries confirmed that they will not take part in 2021:

* 
*  
*  
*  
*  
*  
*  
* 
*  
* 

## References
## Other websites
*
Monroe County, Ohio

**Monroe County** is a county in the U.S. state of Ohio. In 2020, 13,385 people lived there. The county seat is Woodsfield.

## References
Baldwin County, Georgia

**Baldwin County** is a county in the central part of the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, 43,799 people lived there. The county seat is Milledgeville.

## References
Kinder Joy

A **Kinder Joy** is an egg-shaped candy. It was first released in 2001 in Italy. It has 2 cocoa balls, milk cream, and chocolate on the bottom on one side. On the other side, it has a spoon on the top of the outside of it and a toy.

On November 13, 2017, it was announced that it will be released in the United States in the next week after that.

## References
## Other websites
*