open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Bowling Green, Kentucky

**Bowling Green** is a city of Kentucky in the United States. It is southeast of Owensboro, Kentucky. The Confederates had it at the beginning of the Civil War until 1862. It has a population around 72,000 people.

## References
Bellevue, Kentucky

**Bellevue** is a city of Kentucky in the United States.  It is in Campbell County, Kentucky.  The population was 5,548 at the 2020 census.

## References
Campbellsburg, Kentucky

**Campbellsburg** is a city of Kentucky in the United States. According to the 2020 census, there were 836 people.

## References
Coldstream, Kentucky

**Coldstream** is a city of Kentucky in the United States. The population in 2020 was 1,295. It was founded in 1983.

## References
Covington, Kentucky

**Covington** is a city in Kenton County, Kentucky in the United States. It is one of its county's two seats, along with Independence.

## References
Crab Orchard, Kentucky

**Crab Orchard** is a city of Kentucky in the United States. About 744 people live here as of 2020.

## References
Danville, Kentucky

**Danville** is a city of Kentucky in the United States. In 2012 it was the place where Vice President Joe Biden debated Congressman Paul Ryan.

## Sources
## Further reading
*
*

## Other websites
* City of Danville official website
* Danville-Boyle County Convention and Visitors Bureau
* Danville, Boyle County Chamber of Commerce
* Danville/Boyle County Economic Development Partnership
Fordsville, Kentucky

**Fordsville** is a city of Kentucky in the United States.  It is in Ohio County.  The town is named for early merchant Elisha Ford.

## References
Fort Thomas, Kentucky

**Fort Thomas** is a city of Kentucky in the United States.

## History 
Before Europeans lived in Fort Thomas, native american tribes lived there. Tribes like the Shawnee, Cherokee, and the Miami all lived in Fort Thomas.
Fredonia, Kentucky

**Fredonia** is a city of Kentucky in the United States. Fredonia was named after the baby daughter of the man who made plans for the city. In 2020, 372 people lived in Fredonia. Of those people, 175 (47.0%) were male and 197 (53.0%) were female.

## References
Fulton, Kentucky

**Fulton** is a city of Kentucky in the United States.

## Geography 
Fulton has a total area of 3 square miles.
Goose Creek, Kentucky

**Goose Creek** is a city of Kentucky in the United States.  It is in Jefferson County.   The population was 303 at the 2020 census.

## References
Cloverport, Kentucky

**Cloverport** is a city of Kentucky in the United States. It is built beside the Ohio River. On July 10 1889, Cloverport became the first city in Kentucky to use natural gas for street lighting. In 2008, the Frederick Fraize High School in Cloverport was named as one of the top high schools in America.

## References
Harlan, Kentucky

**Harlan** is a city and the county seat of Harlan County, Kentucky, United States. The population was 1,776 at the 2020 census.

Harlan is one of three Kentucky county seats to share its name with its county, the others being Greenup and Henderson.

## References
Harrodsburg, Kentucky

**Harrodsburg** is a city in Mercer County, Kentucky, United States. It is the seat of its county.  The population was 9,064 at the 2020 census. It is the first town created in Kentucky.

In 1972, George Harrison wrote the song “I Stubbed My Toe In Harrodsburg!"

## References
Hazard, Kentucky

**Hazard** is a city of Kentucky in the United States. It is built on the North Fork of the Kentucky River.

## History 
The first European settler was Elijah Combs who built a house near the river in 1795. In 1821, the village became the seat of the local government area called Perry County. The village was first called Perry County Court House. The town was called Hazard in early records, and the post office, built in 1854 was called Hazard. The name became official in 1884. The name Hazard came from Oliver Hazard Perry, a naval hero from the Revolutionary War of 1812.

## Other websites 
* Historic photos of Hazard. 

## References
Hindman, Kentucky

**Hindman** is a city in Kentucky in the United States. It is the county seat of Knott County.  There were 701 people as of 2020.

## Notable people
* Rebecca Gayheart, a television and film actress
* Carl D. Perkins, who represented the area in the U.S. House of Representatives for 35 years and whose name is associated with vocational education programs and measures to better the lives of Appalachian residents
* James Still, a poet, novelist and folklorist of Appalachia
* David Tolliver, musician from Universal Records country duo Halfway to Hazard

## References
Hiseville, Kentucky

**Hiseville** is an unincorporated community of Kentucky in the United States.  It is in Barren County.

## References
Hollyvilla, Kentucky

**Hollyvilla** is a city of Kentucky in the United States.

Hollyvilla has a population of 518 people, as of 2020.

## References
Horse Cave, Kentucky

**Horse Cave** is a city of Kentucky in the United States.

## Geography 
Horse Cave has a total area of 3.2 square miles.
Guthrie, Kentucky

**Guthrie** is a city in Todd County in the state of Kentucky in the United States. In 2020, 1,330 people lived there. 

## History 
In the 1840s, Guthrie was a stagecoach stop and was named **Pondy Woods**. Some people also called it **State Line** because it is close to the Tennessee state line. It was renamed to its current name in 1867. It was named after former United States Representative James Guthrie. This person also operated an important local railroad named the Louisville and Nashville Railroad. 

## References
Greenville, Kentucky

**Greenville** is a city of Kentucky in the United States. It is the seat of its county. The population was 4,492 at the 2020 census. It was incorporated as a city in 1848.

The city was probably named for the Revolutionary War general Nathanael Greene. Local lore holds it was named by Campbell's wife after the abundant forests seen from the town's hilltop location.

## Economy
The 1987 *Encyclopedia of Kentucky* refers to Greenville as "the unofficial capital of the Black Belt", a reference to the area's production of coal and dark tobacco.

## Related pages
* Other places named Greenville

## References
## Other websites
* Greater Muhlenberg Chamber of Commerce
Hickman, Kentucky

**Hickman** is a city in Kentucky in the United States. It is the county seat of Fulton County. Hickman had a population of 2,365 at the 2020 census.

## References
Latonia Lakes, Kentucky

**Latonia Lakes** is an unincorporated community and former city in Kenton County, Kentucky in the United States. It was officially dissolved as a city on December 16, 2006.

## References
Irvine, Kentucky

**Irvine** () is a home rule-class city in Estill County, Kentucky, in the United States. It is the seat of its county. Its population was 2,360 at the time of the 2020 census. It is near the Kentucky River.

## References
Mayfield, Kentucky

**Mayfield** is a city in Graves County, Kentucky. The population was 10,017 in 2020. It is the centre of Graves County.

There are no Sunday sales of alcoholic beverages permitted, except at Mayfield Golf and Country Club.

## References
Independence, Kentucky

**Independence** is a city in Kenton County, Kentucky in the United States. It is one of its county's two seats, along with Covington.

## References
Milton, Kentucky

**Milton** is a city of Kentucky in the United States.  According to the 2020 United States Census, it has a population of 590 people.

## References
Monkeys Eyebrow, Kentucky

**Monkeys Eyebrow** is an unincorportated rural community of Ballard County in the state of Kentucky in the United States

## References
Munfordville, Kentucky

**Munfordville** is the county seat of Hart County, Kentucky in the United States. In 2020, it had a population of 1,686.

## References
Newport, Kentucky

**Newport** is a city in Kentucky in the United States.  It is in Campbell County.  It is where the Ohio and Licking rivers come together.

Newport was the county seat of Campbell County, Kentucky from 1797 until 1823, and then again from 1824 until 1840.

## References
Mortons Gap, Kentucky

**Mortons Gap** is a city of Kentucky in the United States.  It is in Hopkins County.  The city is named for Thomas Morton, who settled the area in 1804.

## References
Oak Grove, Kentucky

**Oak Grove** is a city of Kentucky in the United States. In 2020, the population of Oak Grove was about 7,931. 

## References
Owensboro, Kentucky

**Owensboro** is a city in the U.S. state of Kentucky.

It is the county seat of Daviess County.  In 2020, there were 60,183 people living in Owensboro.  The city was named after Colonel Abraham Owen.

On August 14, 1936, downtown Owensboro was the site of the last public hanging in the United States. Rainey Bethea was hanged for the rape and murder of 70-year-old Lischa Edwards.

The end of the Second World War brought civil engineering projects, which helped turn Owensboro from a sleepy industrial town into a modern, expanding community by the turn of the 1960s.

Texas Gas Transmission Corporation was created in 1948 with the merger of Memphis Natural Gas Company and Kentucky Natural Gas Corporation and made its headquarters in Owensboro.

## Economy
In 2021, the institutions with the most employees (people working for them) in the city were Owensboro Health Regional Hospital (4,274 people), U.S. Bank Home Mortgage (1,499 people), Owensboro Public Schools (833 people), Toyotetsu Mid-America (682 people), Sazerac Distilleries (543 people), Specialty Food Group (513 people),  Mizkan America (451 people), City of Owensboro (434 people), Unifirst (405 people), and Metalsa Structural Products (396 people).

## Geography
Owensboro is located at 37°45′28″N 87°7′6″W on the Ohio River.

## References
Parkway Village, Kentucky

**Parkway Village** is a city of Kentucky in the United States. Its population was 623 at the 2020 census.

## References
Pewee Valley, Kentucky

**Pewee Valley** is a city of Kentucky in the United States.

## Geography 
Pewee Valley has a total area of 1.9 square miles.
Nortonville, Kentucky

**Nortonville** is a city of Kentucky in the United States. The population was 977 as of the 2020 census.

## Geography
Nortonville is located in southeastern Hopkins County at  (37.187660, -87.456032). U.S. Route 41 passes through the eastern and southern parts of the city, leading north  to Madisonville, which is the county seat, and south  to Hopkinsville. U.S. Route 62 passes through the northern part of Nortonville, leading east  to Greenville and west  to Dawson Springs.

## References
Providence, Kentucky

**Providence** is a city of Kentucky in the United States. According to the census of 2020, there were 2,892 people living in Providence, in 1,237 households.

## References
Prestonsburg, Kentucky

**Prestonsburg** is a city in the United States. It is the county seat of Floyd County in the state of Kentucky. The city is in the Eastern part of Kentucky. Prestonburg is on the bank of the Big Sandy River. The area was fist settled in 1797 by Colonel John Preston, Solomon Stratton, Matthias Harman, and Andrew Hood. It is named after Colonel Preston. In 2020,  3,681 people lived in the city.

## Sources
Smiths Grove, Kentucky

**Smiths Grove** is a city of Kentucky in the United States. The horror movie, Halloween, was set in Smiths Grove. The movies' director, John Carpenter, grew up in Bowling Green, about 15 miles away.

## References
South Shore, Kentucky

**South Shore** is a city of Kentucky in the United States. It is located along the Ohio River across from Portsmouth, Ohio, at the mouth of Tygarts Creek.

It was first settled in 1890 by the Fullerton, Warnock, and the Morton families from the nearby Tygarts Valley.

## References
Spring Mill, Kentucky

**Spring Mill** is a city of Kentucky in the United States.

## People 
Spring Mill has a population of 294 people.
Spring Valley, Kentucky

**Spring Valley** is a city of Kentucky in the United States. The population of Spring Valley is 687 in 2026. Spring Valley's population has grown by 1.48% since the last census, which found 677 citizens in 2020.

## Reference
St. Matthews, Kentucky

**St. Matthews** is a city of Kentucky in the United States.
St. Matthews, Kentucky was established in 1889 as a subdivision of Jefferson County.

## References
## Other websites
* City of St. Matthews Official site
* [Images of Saint Matthews (Ky.) in the University of Louisville Libraries Digital Collections](http://digital.library.louisville.edu/cdm4/results.php?CISORESTMP=results.php&CISOVIEWTMP=item_viewer.php&CISOMODE=grid&CISOGRID=thumbnail,A,1;title,A,1;descri,200,0;none,200,0;none,A,0;20;title,none,none,none,none&CISOBIB=title,A,1,N;subjec,A,0,N;descri,200,0,N;none,A,0,N;none,A,0,N;20;title,none,none,none,none&CISOTHUMB=20%20(4x5);title,none,none,none,none&CISOTITLE=20;title,none,none,none,none&CISOHIERA=20;subjec,title,none,none,none&CISOSUPPRESS=0&CISOTYPE=link&CISOOP1=exact&CISOFIELD1=title&CISOBOX1=&CISOOP2=exact&CISOFIELD2=coveraa&CISOBOX2=Saint+Matthews+%28Ky.%29&CISOOP3=exact&CISOFIELD3=descri&CISOBOX3=&CISOOP4=exact&CISOFIELD4=CISOSEARCHALL&CISOBOX4=&c=exact&CISOROOT=all)
Somerset, Kentucky

**Somerset** is a city of Pulaski County, Kentucky in the United States.

## References 
## Other websites 
* City of Somerset official website
* City Guide of Somerset, KY
* Commonwealth Journal
* Somerset-Pulaski County Chamber of Commerce
Sycamore, Kentucky

**Sycamore** is a city of Jefferson County in the state of Kentucky, United States.  About 166 people were living in Sycamore as of 2020.

## References
Versailles, Kentucky

**Versailles** is a city in Kentucky in the United States. It was founded on June 23, 1792, on  of land owned by Hezekiah Briscoe.

## References
Wheelwright, Kentucky

**Wheelwright** is a city of Kentucky in the United States.

## Geography 
Wheelwright has a total area of 1.8 square miles.
Whitesville, Kentucky

**Whitesville** is a city of Kentucky in the United States. Whitesville has a 2020 population of 580.

## References
Worthington, Kentucky

**Worthington** is a city of Kentucky in the United States.

## History 
The site of the present city was once owned by Abraham Buford, who sold the land to the Means and Russell Iron Company. This company sold the land to W. J. Worthington, who was William O. Bradley's lieutenant governor from 1895 to 1899. After his death, the property was given to his daughters, who founded the present town and named it for their father.

Worthington was incorporated as a city by the Kentucky General Assembly on February 5, 1920.

## References
Alexandria, Virginia

**Alexandria** is a city in Virginia in the United States. It has a population of 159,200 in 2020. It is 6 miles south of Washington, D.C. It is by the Potomac River. The temperature is between 80°F to 100°F in the summer, and 20°F to 40°F in the winter. 
 in Old Town, Alexandria, Virginia]]
The city is twinned with Caen in France, Dundee in Scotland and Gyumri in Armenia.

## References
Buena Vista, Virginia

**Buena Vista** ( ) is an independent city located in the Blue Ridge Mountains region of Virginia in the United States. As of the 2020 census, the population was 6,641.

## History
Formerly named "Hart's Bottom", "Green Forest" or "Green Valley" until 1888, and chartered as a town in 1890, Buena Vista was granted a city charter on February 15, 1892.

### Early history
Founded by Benjamin C. Moomaw in the late 1800s, the town consisted only of a simple tannery at the intersection of two railroads and a canal. The Richmond and Alleghany Railroad and the Shenandoah Valley Railroad,

## Education 
Buena Vista is home to Southern Virginia University, which had an enrollment of 1,053 full-time students in the fall of 2022.

## References
## Other websites
*City of Buena Vista official website
*Buena Vista, Virginia Community News
*Lexington-Rockbridge-Buena Vista Tourism
Charlottesville, Virginia

**Charlottesville** is a city in Virginia in the United States. It is named for Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, King George III's queen. As of 2020, 46,553 people lived there. In 2004, Charlottesville was named the best place to live in the United States in a book named *Cities Ranked and Rated.* Three American presidents have lived in Charlottesville, including Thomas Jefferson, James Madison, and James Monroe. The University of Virginia is in Charlottesville. President Jefferson's home, Monticello, is also in Charlottesville. Both are popular places for people to visit.

In 2017, far-right political groups including the Ku Klux Klan, Neo-Nazis, and Proud Boys held their Unite the Right rally in Charlottesville. They did not want the city to take down a statue of Robert E. Lee. One man drove his car into a crowd of counter-protesters, killing a woman called Heather Heyer and injuring many others. United States President Donald Trump would later say there were "fine people" on both sides of the incident.

## References
Bristol, Virginia

(left) and Tennessee (right).]]

**Bristol** is an independent city in the U.S. state of Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 17,219. It is the twin city of Bristol, Tennessee, just across the state line, which runs down the middle of its main street, State Street. It is surrounded on three sides by Washington County, Virginia, which is combined with the city for statistical purposes. Bristol is a principal city of the Kingsport–Bristol–Bristol, TN-VA Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is a component of the Johnson City–Kingsport–Bristol, TN-VA Combined Statistical Area – commonly known as the "Tri-Cities" region.
## References
Hampton, Virginia

**Hampton** is a city of Virginia in the United States.  It is part of the Hampton Roads metro area, which also includes Norfolk and Virginia Beach.  As of 2020, 137,148 people lived there.  Hampton University, a historically black college, is there.

## References
Lexington, Virginia

**Lexington** is a city in Virginia in the United States.  It is the county seat of Rockbridge County.  Washington and Lee University (W&L) and Virginia Military Institute (VMI) are there.

## References
Winchester, Kentucky

**Winchester** is a city of Kentucky in the United States.  It is the county seat of Clark County.

## References
Fredericksburg, Virginia

**Fredericksburg** is a city in Virginia in the United States. It was important in the American Civil War, because of its location on the Rappahannock River, near the capital of the North (Washington, DC) and the South (Richmond, Virginia). In late 1862 the Battle of Fredericksburg was fought there.

## References
## Other websites
Manassas Park, Virginia

**Manassas Park** is a city in Virginia in the United States. It is an independent city and not part of any county.

## References
Roanoke, Virginia

**Roanoke** is a city in Virginia in the United States. At the 2020 census, 100,011 people lived in Roanoke. The two main suburbs of Roanoke are Salem and Vinton. Roanoke is named after the Roanoke River which runs through the city.

Roanoke is nicknamed "The Star City of the South" because of the Roanoke Star. It is a neon lamp star which sits on Mill Mountain, a hill south of Roanoke. Roanoke is also named the Heart of the Blue Ridge because Roanoke is located in the middle of the Blue Ridge Mountains. Another nickname for Roanoke is "Magic City."

Roanoke and its suburbs are located in a valley between the Appalachian Mountains and the Blue Ridge Mountains.

## References
Martinsville, Virginia

**Martinsville** is a city in Virginia in the United States. As of the 2020 census, there were 13,485 people living there.

## References 
## Other websites 
*
Altavista, Virginia

**Altavista** is a town in the U.S. state of Virginia.

## Other websites 
* Altavista town's official website
Accomac, Virginia

**Accomac** is a town in Accomack County, Virginia, United States. At the 2020 census, 519 people lived there. It is the county seat of Accomack County.

## Geography
Accomac is at  (37.718678, -75.667323).

The United States Census Bureau says that the town has an area of 0.4&nbsp;square miles (1.1&nbsp;km²). All of it is land.

## Demographics
In the 2020 census, there were 519 people, 183 households, and 114 families in Accomac. The population density was 1,272.1 people per square mile (491.1/km²). There were 219 housing units. The breakdown by race was 57.8% White, 23.7% Black, 0.8% Asian, 0.4% Native American, 12.3% from one other race, and 5.0% from two or more races. Hispanics and Latinos made up 16.8% of the people.

The median (middle) age was 41.1 years. The age breakdown was 15.6% under age 18, 64.4% from 18 to 65, and 20.0% over 65. The gender breakdown was 56.3% male and 43.7% female.

Of the households, 26.2% had children under age 18, 47.5% had a married couple, 3.8% had an unmarried couple, 32.2% had a woman with no partner, 16.4% had a man with no partner, and 34.4% had one person living alone. The average household size was 2.17 people.

## Related pages 
* Virginia

## References 
## Other websites 
* Official website
Blacksburg, Virginia

**Blacksburg** is a town in Montgomery County, in western Virginia. In 2020, 44,826 people lived there.

## History 
Blacksburg was first explored by Henry Batt and John Fallam who were sent by Abraham Wood in 1671. The town is named after Samuel Black, who used to own land there. On October 2, 1872, Virginia Tech was opened with three teachers. On April 26, 2007, Seung-Hui Cho shot 32 people in the Virginia Tech massacre.
Manassas, Virginia

**Manassas** is a city in Virginia in the United States. There were 42,772 people living in the city, according to 2020 census.

## References
Boydton, Virginia

**Boydton** is a town in the U.S. state of Virginia.  It is the county seat of Mecklenburg County.

## Notable people
* Mark Alexander (1792–1883), born near Boydton, United States Congressman from Virginia 
* William A. Burwell (1780–1821), born near Boydton, State Congressman and United States Congressman from Virginia, private secretary for President Thomas Jefferson.
* Henry Johnson (1850–1904) born in Boydton, Buffalo Soldier, US Army, Medal of Honor recipient.

## References
Petersburg, Virginia

**Petersburg** is a city in Virginia in the United States.  It is on the Appomattox River.  The city's population was 33,458 as of 2020.

Part of Petersburg National Battlefield Park is in the city.

The area has three schools of higher education:
* John Tyler Community College
* Richard Bland College
* Virginia State University

## References
Christiansburg, Virginia

**Christiansburg** (used to be called **Hans Meadows**) is a town in the U.S. state of Virginia. 23,348 people lived there in 2020. It is the county seat of Montgomery County.

## References
Colonial Beach, Virginia

**Colonial Beach** is a town in Virginia on the Potomac River. It was named as the Best Virginia Beach in 2018 by *USA Today*.

## References
Dendron, Virginia

**Dendron** is a town in the U.S. state of Virginia.

## Geography 
Dendron has a total area of 3.6 square miles.
Duffield, Virginia

**Duffield** is a town in the U.S. state of Virginia. In the 2020 census, the town had 73 people. Duffield is part of the Tri-Cities area. This area includes the cities of Kingsport, Bristol, Tennessee, and Bristol, Virginia. It is also part of the Johnson City–Kingsport–Bristol region.

Duffield has a town hall. Near Duffield, on U.S. Route 421, is the grave of Ross Carter. He was a World War II soldier and a member of the 82nd Airborne Division. He wrote a book called *Those Devils in Baggy Pants* about his time in the war. There are also many old houses in the area from the time of the American Civil War. Duffield is near the Jefferson National Forest. It is about two miles (3.2 km) west of Natural Tunnel State Park. The Natural Tunnel has been called the "Eighth Wonder of the World" by politician William Jennings Bryan is also located near Duffield.

## References
Farmville, Virginia

**Farmville, Virginia** is a town in the U.S. state of Virginia.  It is in Prince Edward and Cumberland counties.

## References
Glasgow, Virginia

**Glasgow, Virginia** is a town in the U.S. state of Virginia.  It is where the James and Maury Rivers come together. It is in Rockbridge County.

## References
Gordonsville, Virginia

**Gordonsville, Virginia** is a town in the U.S. state of Virginia.  It is in Louisa and Orange counties.

## Notable residents 
* Ann Marie Calhoun, violinist
* Charlie Waller, founder of the legendary blue grass band "The Country Gentlemen"

## References
Gretna, Virginia

**Gretna, Virginia** is a town in the U.S. state of Virginia.

## Other websites 
* Town's official website
Exmore, Virginia

**Exmore** is the largest town in Northampton County. It is on the Eastern Shore of the U.S. state of Virginia. The population was 1,473 at the 2020 census.

## References
La Crosse, Virginia

**La Crosse, Virginia** is a town in the U.S. state of Virginia.

The town's population was 614 at the 2020 census.

## References
Leesburg, Virginia

**Leesburg** is a town in the U.S. state of Virginia.  It is the county seat of Loudoun County.  About 48,250 people were living in Leesburg as of 2020. Leesburg is about 33 miles west-northwest of Washington, D.C.
## References 
https://www.virginia.org/places-to-visit/regions/northern-virginia/leesburg/
Mineral, Virginia

**Mineral, Virginia** is a town in the U.S. state of Virginia. In the 2020 census, 470 people lived in Mineral.

## 2011 earthquake 
At 1:51&nbsp;p.m. on August 23, 2011, a 5.8 magnitude earthquake was centered   south-southwest of Mineral. The center of the earthquake was  underground. According to the Associated Press, it "forced evacuations of all the monuments on the National Mall in Washington and rattled nerves from Florida to Canada". The roof of Mineral's town hall collapsed. three of the six schools in the county were heavily damaged. No one died, and some people had minor injuries.
## References
Lawrenceville, Virginia

**Lawrenceville** is a town in Brunswick County, Virginia, United States.  In the 2020 census, 1,014 people lived there. The town is by the Meherrin River. It is the county seat of Brunswick County. In colonial times, Lieutenant Governor Alexander Spotswood had a stockade built nearby. It was called Fort Christanna. At the stockade, converted Native American allies were housed and educated.

Historically black Saint Paul's College operated here until 2013. It was founded in 1888 and affiliated with the Episcopal Church. Lumber, tobacco, livestock and other farm products are grown in the area. The town is in a county along the southern border of the state. It is near the northernmost area for cotton growing.

## References
Hillsboro, Loudoun County, Virginia

**Hillsboro** is a town in Loudoun County of Virginia, United States. About 100 people were living in Hillsboro as of the year 2020.

## References
New Market, Virginia

**New Market, Virginia** is a town in the U.S. state of Virginia.  It is in Shenandoah County.

## References
Eastville, Virginia

**Eastville** is a town in the U.S. state of Virginia. It is the county seat of Northampton County. 
## References 
## Other websites
*Official City of Eastville website
Pamplin City, Virginia

**Pamplin City, Virginia** is a town in the U.S. state of Virginia.  It is in both Appomattox and Prince Edward counties.  The population was 138 at the 2020 census.

## References
Red junglefowl

The **red junglefowl** (*Gallus gallus*) is a tropical member of the family Phasianidae. They are the ancestors of all our domestic chickens. They were first domesticated in Asia, where they are native. Some of the less specialized domestics, such as the brown leghorns, keep color patterns similar to that of their wild ancestors. The males are about two pounds (1kg) in weight.

## Bathing 
Red junglefowl regularly bathe in dust to keep just the right balance of oil in their . The dust absorbs extra oil and it  falls off. 

## References
Round Hill, Loudoun County, Virginia

**Round Hill** is a town in the U.S. state of Virginia.  It is about 50 miles from Washington, D.C. It was named "Round Hill" for being located two miles from of a hill used during the American Civil War as a signal post by both Confederate and Union troops. In the 2020 Census, 693 people and 193 families lived there.

## References
Nickelsville, Virginia

**Nickelsville** is a town in the U.S. state of Virginia. The population of the town is 378 according to the 2020 United States Census.
## References
Stephens City, Virginia

**Stephens City, Virginia** is a town in Frederick County, Virginia.  The town had a population of 2,016 at the time of the 2020 census.

## History 
The German Protestants from Heidelberg, Germany were the founders of the town. Their leader was Peter Stephens. He came from Pennsylvania in 1732. Stephens would buy some land from Thomas Fairfax, 6th Lord Fairfax of Cameron. The land was set out in  at first. Later, it was made into "Stephensburgh" in 1758 by Peter's son Lewis.

By the start of the Revolutionary War, "Stephensburg" was often called simply "Newtown".

## References
## Other websites
* Official Website of the Town of Stephens City
Stony Creek, Virginia

**Stony Creek, Virginia** is a town in the U.S. state of Virginia. It has a population of approximately 200. 

## References
Strasburg, Virginia

**Strasburg, Virginia** is a town in the U.S. state of Virginia.  It is the largest town in Shenandoah County.

## References
Black-legged dart frog

The **black-legged dart frog**, **two-toned poison frog**, **black-legged poison frog**, or **two-toned arrow poison frog**  (*Phyllobates bicolor*), also known as the **bicolored dart frog** or **Neari** in Choco, is the second most toxic of the wild poison dart frogs.  It lives in Colombia and Peru.

## Body
The adult male frog is about 32.1-39.5 mm long from nose to rear end and the adult female frog is about 35.7-42.7 mm long.  The skin of the frog's back and sides and of the tops of the back legs are gold or orange in color. The tops of the front legs are black in color, sometimes with yellow or blue spots. The belly can be all black or black with orange, gold, or blue-green color. The eardrum is part black and part yellow-orange. The iris of the eye is red-brown in color.

## Young
The male frog calls to the female frogs from far away.  When the female comes to him, he calls a different call. Then he leads her to a good place to lay eggs. She lays the eggs on the dead leaves on the ground. The male frog takes care of the eggs after the female lays them. He makes sure they do not become too dry. The eggs hatch into tadpoles after 14 days. Then the male frog carries the tadpoles to pools of water in streams.

Young frogs are dark brown or black in color with two yellow stripes.

## Home
This frog is awake during the day. It lives in the dead leaves on the ground near streams. It lives in forests that are not too high up in the mountains. People have seen this frog between 400 and 1500 meters above sea level.

## Poison
Human beings who live where the frog lives, the Chocó Indians, have used the frog to poison arrows.  The human can touch the arrow to the frog's back without killing it.  Or the human can kill and heat the frog's body.

The poison in the frog's skin is a chemical called batrachotoxin.  The frog gets the poison from the ants and other insects that it eats.  So frogs kept as pets do not have poison. Frogs that hatch and grow with humans do not make poison. Scientists say this is because the frog needs to eat ants, mites, or beetles to make the poison. Wild frogs that people catch still make poison even if they live with humans for a long time

## Threats
There are fewer of these frogs than there were.  Scientisis think this could be because human beings change the places where the frog lives.  Humans turn the forests into forms and take the trees for lumber.  Human beings also catch these frogs to sell as pets. Fish that human beings brought to Colombia also kill and eat this frog.

Scientists think the fungus *Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis* could kill this frog. *Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis* causes the fungal disease chitridiomycosis. Scientists do not think it is a problem now.

At least one of the places this frog lives is a protected park: Tatamá National Park.

## References
Orange, Virginia

**Orange** is a town and the county seat of Orange County, Virginia, United States. The population was 4,880 at the 2020 census. Orange is  northeast of Charlottesville and  southwest of Washington, D.C.

## References
Warrenton, Virginia

**Warrenton, Virginia** is a town in the U.S. state of Virginia. The population was 10,057 at the 2020 census, Warrenton is the county seat of Fauquier County.

## References
## Other websites
* Town of Warrenton official website
Anna, Illinois

**Anna** is a city in the U.S. state of Illinois. It is in southern tip of Illinois. Its population was 4,303 at the 2020 census.  Anna is known for the Anna State Mental Hospital (now called the Choate Mental Health Care Center). Anna was a segregated sundown town a century ago.

## References
Assumption, Illinois

**Assumption** is a small town in Christian County, Illinois, United States. The population was 1,155 at the 2020 census.

## References
Atlanta, Illinois

**Atlanta** is a city in Illinois in the United States.  It is in Logan County.  The town was first called Xenia.

## References
Aurora, Illinois

**Aurora** is a city in Illinois in the United States. It is part of the Chicago metropolitan area.

## References
Batavia, Illinois

**Batavia** is a city in Illinois in the United States. It is on the Fox River between Geneva, Illinois to the north and North Aurora, Illinois to the south.

## References
Belleville, Illinois

**Belleville** is a city in St. Clair County, Illinois. The population was 42,404 according to the Census Bureau's 2020 data, making it the largest city in southern Illinois.

## References
Burbank, Illinois

**Burbank** is a city in Illinois in the United States. Its population was 27,902 at 2020. It is on the south-western edge of Chicago.

## References
Calumet City, Illinois

**Calumet City** is a city in Illinois in the United States. In 2020, 36,033 people lived there.

## References
Centreville, Illinois

**Centreville** was a city in Illinois in the United States.  It is in St. Clair County. In 2021, it became part of the new city of Cahokia Heights, Illinois.

## Notable people 
* Edward Burch, alternative country musician
* John Dettmer, pitcher for the Texas Rangers
* Byron Gettis, outfielder for the Kansas City Royals
* Reginald Hudlin, film director

## References
Champaign, Illinois

**Champaign** is a city in Illinois in the United States. It includes part of the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign.

## References
Chenoa, Illinois

**Chenoa** is a city in Illinois in the United States. The census tells us 1,695 people lived there in 2020. The city can be found where Interstate 55 meets Historic Route 66 and U.S. Route 24. Matthew T. Scott started the city in 1854 to give the people who rented homes on his farm the chance to shop and buy and sell with each other and so he could ship grain. The Chenoa Centennial was celebrated in 1954. Today, farming is still a big part of the community. 

Schuirman's Drug Store (now Chenoa Pharmacy) and Union Roofing are both notable because of how long they have been businesses in the area. Union Roofing is one of the largest roofers in Illinois. Many small shops and factories exist in the city too, including shops which sell antiques. The town school system closed at the end of the 2004 school year so now students go instead to the nearby Prairie Central school district. Lots of people enjoy July 4 celebrations in Chenoa each year.
Berwyn, Illinois

**Berwyn** is a city in Illinois in the United States.

## References
## Other websites
*City of Berwyn *official website*
Country Club Hills, Illinois

**Country Club Hills** is a city in Illinois in the United States.  It is in Cook County.

## Notable people 
* Danny Clark, linebacker for the New York Giants
* Koko Taylor, blues singer
* Marquice Cole, defensive back for the New York Jets

## References
Danville, Illinois

**Danville** is a city in and the county seat of Vermilion County, Illinois, United States. As of the 2020 census, its population was 29,204. It is the principal city of the Danville micropolitan area.

## References
DeKalb, Illinois

**DeKalb** () is a city in Illinois in the United States. The population was 40,290 at the 2020 census. The city is named after decorated German war hero Johann De Kalb, who died during the American Revolutionary War.

## Notable people
* Charles I. Barber, architect, born in DeKalb
* George Franklin Barber, architect, born in DeKalb
* Charles Bronson, an hardcore punk band
* Cindy Crawford, supermodel
* Isaac L. Ellwood, rancher, businessman and barbed wire entrepreneur
* Joseph Glidden, farmer who patented barbed wire
* Jacob Haish, one of the inventors of barbed wire
* Barbara Hale, Emmy Award-winning actress
* Judas Iscariot, a black metal band
* Richard Jenkins, actor
* Mel Owens, linebacker for the L.A. Rams
* Richard Powers, author
* W. Willard Wirtz, Secretary of Labor; his DeKalb home is preserved on the NIU campus
* Mike Heimerdinger, Tennessee Titans offensive coordinator
* A. J. Bramlett, former professional basketball player

## References
Earlville, Illinois

**Earlville** is a city in Illinois in the United States.  It is in LaSalle County.

## Notable people 
* Steve Behel (1860-1945), MLB player for the Milwaukee Brewers and New York Metropolitans
* Herbert O. Crisler, Head Football Coach and Athletic Director at University of Michigan, and  of Crisler Arena at the University
* John J. Myers, Roman Catholic Archbishop of Newark, N.J
* Gary K. Wolf, author of the novel *Who Censored Roger Rabbit* (1941-), which became the Movie *Who Framed Roger Rabbit*

## References
East St. Louis, Illinois

**East St. Louis** is a city in southwest Illinois. It is a suburb of St. Louis, Missouri. in 2020, the city had a population of 18,469. The majority of the population is Black or African-American.

## References
Edwardsville, Illinois

**Edwardsville**, home to Southern Illinois University Edwardsville (SIUE) is a city in Madison County, Illinois, United States. As of 2020, the population was 26,808. It is the county seat of Madison County. The city was named in honor of Ninian Edwards, then Governor of the Illinois Territory.

## References
Elmhurst, Illinois

**Elmhurst** is a city in Illinois in the United States. In 2020, 45,786 people lived there.

## References
Evanston, Illinois

**Evanston** is a city in Illinois in the United States. It is 12 miles (19 km) north to the center of Chicago, and is a part of the Chicago Metropolitan Area. The mayor of Evanston is Daniel Biss.

In March 2021, after Evanston passed a measure offering reparations to black residents over slavery, becoming the first in the United States to do so.

## Well-known people born in Evanston
* Charlton Heston (d. 2008), actor
* John C. Whitehead (d. 2015), politician, Deputy Secretary of State
* William Christopher (d. 2016), actor
* Anthony Downs (1930-), political scientist, economist
* Peter Ueberroth (d. 2021), American executive
* Grace Slick (1939-), singer of rock music
* William Petersen (1953-), actor
* Elizabeth McGovern (1961-), actress
* Eddie Vedder (1964-), singer, songwriter, guitar player
* John Cusack (1966-), actor

## References
Eureka, Illinois

**Eureka** is a small city of Illinois in the United States. In 2020, 5,227 people lived there. Eureka College, a place where Abraham Lincoln spoke and where Ronald Reagan graduated, is in Eureka.

Eureka was started in 1855. It was called *Walnut Grove*. The name was changed to *Eureka* because there was another Walnut Grove. No one agrees about who thought of the name Eureka. The name *Eureka* comes from a Greek word that means "I found it".

## References
Freeport, Illinois

**Freeport** is a city in Illinois in the United States, it is also the county seat of Stephenson County, Illinois.  The population was 23,973 at the 2020 census.

## References
## Other websites
* City of Freeport 
* Freeport/Stephenson County Convention & Visitors Bureau
* Freeport Area Chamber of Commerce
* Stephenson County Historical Society
* Freeport Downtown Development Foundation 
* Freeport Park District
* Freeport School District #145
* Northwest Illinois Development Alliance 
*1994 reenactment of Lincoln-Douglas Debate in Freeport televised by C-SPAN (Debate preview and Debate review)
Galesburg, Illinois

**Galesburg** is a city in Illinois in the United States.

## Prominent people from Galesburg
* Carl Sandburg, poet
* Dorothea Tanning, artist
Geneseo, Illinois

**Geneseo** is a city in Illinois in the United States.

Established in 1836, the town is known for its rich history and Victorian architecture.

## History 
Founded by seven (possibly eight) families from Geneseo and Bergen, New York, two towns in Genesee County. All of them were abolitionists. Geneseo used to mean "beautiful valley" in the language of Iroquois. They aimed to establish a "church in the wilderness" and the Stewart, Bartletts, Cones, and many more. They called themselves the "New York Committee". The heads of the Stewart family, Ward family, and the Seyller families all choose the area smack-dab in the middle of Henry County. They purchased 2,000 acres from the current Colona Township after getting lessons on guidance from Thomas Ford, the future Governor of Illinois. The town became an official American city in 1865. Because of how the Civil War and the Victorian era were happening, the town is currently rich with history. Around seven places have confirmed records of being slave shelters and guides during the war. By Southwest Elementary School, a house-now used as a perfectly fine estate- has a flat-roofed, round circle of windows. They used to put up flags. There's a rhyme that has barely any records surviving today, that explains the colors of the flags and when it was safe to go. And in the Geneseo Historical Museum, in the basement, there's a tunnel that the slaves were said to hide in. There's also servant quarters upstairs in the museum.
Geneva, Illinois

**Geneva** is a city in Illinois in the United States. It is on the Fox River between St. Charles, Illinois to the north and Batavia, Illinois to the south.

## References
Gillespie, Illinois

**Gillespie** is a city in Illinois in the United States. As of 2020 there were about 3,000 people living here.

This small city has police protection, water supply, and sewer services.

## References
Highland Park, Illinois

**Highland Park** is a city in Illinois in the United States.  As of 2020, the population was 30,176.

On July 4, 2022, a mass shooting happened at a Fourth of July parade in Highland Park, killing seven people.

## References
Elgin, Illinois

**Elgin** () is a city in Illinois in the United States.  It is roughly   northwest of Chicago on the Fox River. Most of Elgin lies within Kane County, Illinois, with a portion in Cook County, Illinois. As of the 2020 census, the city had a total population of 114,797. It is the sixth-largest city in Illinois. It is part of the Chicago metropolitan area.
## People from Elgin
### Authors and academics
* E.C. "Mike" Alft, historian, author, and former mayor of Elgin.
* Nina Burleigh, journalist and best-selling author.
* Paul Flory, chemist, Nobel Prize winner (1974).
* Lloyd Hall, chemist.
* Douglas J. Mink, astronomer, co-discover of the rings around the planet Uranus.
* John Platt, computer scientist.
* Tom Shales, journalist, Pulitzer Prize winner (1988).
* Carleton Washburne, educator, author of the Winnetka Plan.

### Business and invention
* Max Adler, vice-president of Sears & Roebuck, benefactor of Adler Planetarium.
* Lawrence B. Hamlin, violator of the Pure Food and Drug Act on claiming that his family's patent medicine could cure cancer.
* Lysander Hamlin, co-originator with John Austen Hamlin of Hamlin's Wizard Oil, father of Lawrence B. Hamlin.
* Jimmy John Liautaud, founder of Jimmy John's, benefactor of UIC's Liautaud Graduate School of Business.
* Earl "Madman" Muntz, marketer, car stereo and 4-track cartridge pioneer.
* James Roche, former chairman of General Motors.

### Media and arts
* Dan Andriano, musician.
* Bruce Boxleitner, actor.
* BarlowGirl, Christian rock band.
**Alyssa Barlow
**Becca Barlow
**Lauren Barlow
* Chelsea Brummet, actress.
* Chuck Harder, radio talk show host.
* John Austen Hamlin, magician, brother of Lysander Hamlin.
* Matt Hoffman, Big brother 12.
* Charles Ingalls, father of Laura Ingalls Wilder (*Little House on the Prairie*) spent part of his childhood in the nearby Campton Township.
* Laurence Kaptain, international performer/recording artist, and Dean, College of Music and Dramatic Arts, Louisiana State University.
* William LeBaron, playwright, movie producer.
* David Otunga, Harvard educated lawyer, reality show contestant on VH1's *I Love New York 2*, fiance of singer/actress Jennifer Hudson.
* Jane Peterson, painter and artist.
* John Qualen, actor.
*David Strackany, folk singer-songwriter aka Paleo, born in Elgin

### Military
* Harry Chamberlin, Brigadier General, equestrian, Olympic gold medalist (1932).

### Politics
* Ray Barnhart, Texas Republican politician
* Peter Fitzgerald, United States Senator (R-IL).

### Sports
* Charlene Barnett (1928-1979), All-American Girls Professional Baseball League player and member of three champion teams.
* Brian Oldfield (born 1945), Olympic shot putter.
* Flynn Robinson (born 1941), basketball player for the Cincinnati Royals, Chicago Bulls, Milwaukee Bucks, Los Angeles Lakers, and the Baltimore Bullets.
## References
Johnston City, Illinois

**Johnston City** is a city in Illinois in the United States. It is in Williamson County.

## History 
The city used to be called Jeffersonville. In the beginning of the 1900s, the city had many new people move in. These people moved for the coal mines. Ever since 1940 the population has gotten smaller. This is because of the coal mines not being used anymore. 

## References
Galena, Illinois

**Galena** is the largest city in and the county seat of Jo Daviess County, Illinois. 3,308 people lived here at the 2020 census.

## References
Kankakee, Illinois

**Kankakee**  is a city in Illinois, United States. It is also the county seat of Kankakee County.

U.S. House of Representatives member Adam Kinzinger was born in Kankakee.

## History
The Potawatami lived in the area beginning sometime in the 18th century.  In 1833 the Potawatami signed a treaty with the United States government. They agreed to leave the region and move west.  Kankakee was founded in 1854.

## References
La Harpe, Illinois

**La Harpe** is a city in Illinois in the United States. In 2020 there were 1,175 people living in La Harpe. It is in Hancock County. It is 697 feet above sea level.

The city is named for Berrard de LaHarpe, a French explorer. During the 1715 he spent winter in the area. The area was settled in the 1830's and the first post office opened in 1836.

## References
Lacon, Illinois

**Lacon** is a city in Illinois in the United States. It is part of the Peoria, Illinois Metropolitan Statistical Area.

## References
Lake Forest, Illinois

**Lake Forest** is a city in Lake County, Illinois, United States. The population was 19,367 in 2020. The city is along the shore of Lake Michigan. It is a part of the Chicago metropolitan area and the North Shore. Lake Forest was founded with Lake Forest College and became a town in 1857.

## References
Golconda, Illinois

**Golconda** is a city of Pope County in the state of Illinois in the United States.  

The name of this city is inspired from the famous fort called Golconda Fort which is located in Hyderabad city of Telangana district in India.

It is the county seat of Pope County.

## References
Le Roy, Illinois

**Le Roy** is a city in Illinois in the United States.

## Geography
Le Roy is located at  (40.347168, -88.762293).

According to the 2020 census, Le Roy has a total area of , of which  (or 99.2%) is land and  (or 0.8%) is water.

## References
## Other websites
* City of LeRoy official website