open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Dances with Wolves

***Dances with Wolves*** is an 1990 American epic drama-western movie that was produced by Jim Wilson, Kevin Costner and Jake Eberts and was directed by Kevin Costner. Dances with Wolves was released on November 21, 1990, in North America. The movie received positive reviews with a 76% rating on Rotten Tomatoes and a 72 out of 100 from Metacritic. The movie won 7 Academy Awards for Best Picture, Directing, Writing Adapted Screenplay, Best Cinematography, Film Editing, Sound Mixing and Original Music Score. The movie also won 2 Golden Globe Awards for Best Motion Picture – Drama and Best Director.

## Cast 
* Kevin Costner as Lt. John J. Dunbar/Dances with Wolves
* Mary McDonnell as Stands with a Fist
* Graham Greene as Kicking Bird
* Rodney A. Grant as Wind in His Hair
* Floyd Red Crow Westerman as Chief Ten Bears
* Tantoo Cardinal as Black Shawl
* Jimmy Herman as Stone Calf
* Nathan Lee Chasing His Horse as Smiles a Lot
* Michael Spears as Otter
* Jason R. Lone Hill as Worm
* Charles Rocket as Lt. Elgin
* Robert Pastorelli as Timmons
* Larry Joshua as Sgt. Bauer
* Tony Pierce as Spivey
* Kirk Baltz as Edwards
* Tom Everett as Sgt. Pepper
* Maury Chaykin as Maj. Fambrough
* Wes Studi as the fiercest Pawnee
* Wayne Grace as The Major

## Other websites 
*Dances With Wolves' Official website (Archived)
* 
*
University of Akron

The **University of Akron** is a public, coeducational university in Akron, Ohio. The university has about 29,251 students. It was founded in 1870. The current president of the university is Luis M. Proenza. 

## Sports
The athletics teams of the university are called the Zips. They have 15 varsity teams and they compete in the Mid-American Conference.

## Other websites
*University of Akron's Official website
*Akron Zips' Official athletics website
Eastern Michigan University

**Eastern Michigan University** is a public, coeducational university in Ypsilanti, Michigan. The university has about 23,000 students. It was founded in 1849. The current president of the university is Susan Martin. 
## Academics
Eastern Michigan University has degrees and programs at the bachelor's, master's, specialist's and doctoral levels. 
The university has seven parts:

* College of Arts and Sciences
* College of Education
* Graduate School
* College of Business
* College of Health and Human Services
* College of Technology
* Honors College

## Sports
The athletics teams of the university are called the Eagles. They have 21 varsity teams, almost all of which compete in the Mid-American Conference. In women's rowing, a sport that the MAC does not sponsor, the Eagles compete in the Colonial Athletic Association.

## Other websites
*Eastern Michigan University's Official website
*Eastern Michigan Eagles' Official athletics website
Western Michigan University

**Western Michigan University** is a public university in Kalamazoo, Michigan. The university has about 25,045 students. It was founded in 1903.  Since 2017, the president of the university has been Edward B. Montgomery. 

## Sports
The athletics teams of the university are called "the Broncos". They have 15 varsity teams and they compete in the Mid-American Conference except in men's ice hockey, where they compete in the National Collegiate Hockey Conference.

## Other websites
*Western Michigan University's Official website
*Western Michigan Broncos' Official athletics website
Central Michigan University

**Central Michigan University** is a public, coeducational university in Mount Pleasant, Michigan. The university has about 28,389 students. It was founded in 1892. The current president of the university is George E. Ross. 

## Sports
The athletics teams of the university are called the Chippewas. They have 16 varsity teams, all but one of which competes in the Mid-American Conference (MAC). The only exception is the women's lacrosse team. Because CMU is the only MAC member that plays women's lacrosse, that team plays in the Atlantic Sun Conference.

## Other websites
*Central Michigan University's Official website
*Central Michigan Chippewas' Official athletics website
Mercedes Ruehl

**Mercedes Ruehl** (born February 28. 1948) is an American stage, television and motion picture actress. She was born in New York City. She is best known for her supporting role in the 1991 movie *The Fisher King*.

## Work
### Movies
### Television
Perleberg

**Perleberg** (Low German: *Perlberg*) is a German town in the state of Brandenburg. It is halfway between the cities Berlin and Hamburg. It is the capital of the district of Prignitz. In 2010 about 12,400 persons lived in this town.

## References
Northern Illinois University

**Northern Illinois University** is a public university in DeKalb, Illinois. The university has about 25,313 students. It was founded in 1895. The current president of the university is Lisa Freeman. On February 14, 2008, a gunman named Steven Kazmierczak shot and killed 6 people (including himself) as well as injured 21 people on the university campus which made it the fourth-deadliest university shooting in United States history.

## Sports
The athletics teams of the university are called the Huskies. They have 17 varsity teams and they compete in the Mid-American Conference. 

## Other websites
*Northern Illinois University's Official website
*Northern Illinois Huskies' Official athletics website
Miami University

*This is the university in Ohio. For the university in Florida, see University of Miami.*

**Miami University** is a public, coeducational university in Oxford, Ohio. The university has about 20,126 students. It was founded in 1809. The current president of the university is Gregory P. Crawford. 

## Sports
The athletics teams of the university are called the RedHawks. They have 8 varsity teams for men and 10 for women, most of which play in the Mid-American Conference. The men's ice hockey team plays in the National Collegiate Hockey Conference.

## Other websites
*Miami University's Official website
*Miami RedHawks' Official athletics website
Bowling Green State University

** Bowling Green State University** is a public university in Bowling Green, Ohio. The university has about 22,882 students. It was founded in 1910. The current president of the university is Dr. Carol A. Cartwright. 

## Sports
The athletics teams of the university are called the Falcons. They have 7 varsity teams for men and 10 for women, most of which compete in the Mid-American Conference. The men's ice hockey team plays in the Central Collegiate Hockey Association, which was re-formed starting with the 2021–22 season by several schools that left the Western Collegiate Hockey Association. Bowling Green had been a member of the first CCHA for that league's entire history (1971–2013).

## Other websites
*Bowling Green State University's Official website
*Bowling Green Falcons' Official athletics website
Colgate University

**Colgate University** is a private university in Hamilton, New York. The university has about 2,837 students. It was founded in 1819. Since 2010 the president of the university is Jeffrey Herbst.

## Sports
The athletics teams of the university are called the Raiders. They have 25 varsity teams and they compete in the Patriot League.

## References
## Other websites
*Colgate University's Official website
*Colgate Raiders' Official athletics website
Creighton University

**Creighton University** is a private, coeducational, Jesuit, Roman Catholic university in Omaha, Nebraska. The university has about 7,385 students. It was founded in 1878.

## Sports
The athletics teams of the university are called the Blue Jays. They have 14 varsity teams, 13 of which compete in the Big East Conference. In women's rowing, a sport that the Big East does not sponsor, Creighton competes in the West Coast Conference.

## Other websites
*Creighton University's Official website
*Creighton Bluejays' Official athletics website
Austin Peay State University

**Austin Peay State University** is a public university in Clarksville, Tennessee. The university has about 10,723 students. It was founded in 1927. The current president of the university is Michael J. Licari. 

## Sports
The athletics teams of the university are called the Governors. They have 7 varsity teams and they compete in the Ohio Valley Conference.

## Other websites
*Austin Peay State University's Official website
*Austin Peay Governors' Official athletics website
This Tuesday in Texas

**This Tuesday in Texas** was a professional wrestling pay-per-view show made by the World Wrestling Federation (WWF). It took place on December 3, 1991 at Freeman Coliseum in San Antonio, Texas. It was the WWF's experiment to let their secondary PPV events happen on Tuesdays.

Fourteen professional wrestling matches happened on the card, but only the last five were aired on PPV. The main event was a rematch involving Hulk Hogan and The Undertaker. Lukewarm reaction made the experiment a failure. The next PPV to happen on a Tuesday was Taboo Tuesday in 2004.

## Results
## References
John Tenta

**John Anthony Tenta, Jr.** (June 22, 1963 – June 7, 2006) was a Canadian sumōtori and professional wrestler. He was best known for wrestling with the World Wrestling Federation (WWF) under the ring names, **Earthquake** and **Golga** and World Championship Wrestling (WCW) under the ring names, **Avalanche** and **The Shark**.

He was also known for being a sumo wrestler where did quite well but retired from the sport due to the difficulty of the sumo lifestyle, the toll the hard ring surface was taking on his body and the large tattoo of a tiger on his left biceps which in Japan is associated with gangsters. He was born on June 22, 1963 in Surrey, British Columbia and died on June 7, 2006 in Sanford, Florida from bladder cancer.

## Championships
Tenta held many championships during his professional wrestling career:

* **All Japan Pro Wrestling**
** January 2 Korakuen Hall Heavyweight Battle Royal (1988)
** World's Strongest Tag Determination League Fine Play Award (1988) – with Shunji Takano

* **NWA All-Star Wrestling**
** NWA Canadian Heavyweight Championship *(Vancouver version)* (1 time)
** UWA Heavyweight Championship *(Vancouver version)* (2 times)

* ***Pro Wrestling Illustrated***
** PWI Most Hated Wrestler of the Year (1990)
** PWI ranked him No. 40 of the 500 best singles wrestlers of the year in the PWI 500 in 1992

* **Super World of Sports**
** SWS Tag Team Championship (1 time) – with Typhoon

* ***Tokyo Sports***
** Rookie of the Year (1987)

* **World Wrestling Federation**
** WWF Tag Team Championship (1 time) – with Typhoon

* ***Wrestling Observer Newsletter***
** Worst Tag Team (1998) 
** Worst Gimmick (1998) 
** Worst Feud of the Year (1996) 

## References
## Other websites
*Earthquake on WWE.com
Aristide Briand

**Aristide Briand** (; 28 March 1862 – 7 March 1932) became the Prime Minister of France in 1909. He participated in the movement for labour-union formation and also in drafting the law of separation of church and state. Briand was criticised for trying to make peace with Germany. However, it was Briand who played a leading role in formulating the Locarno Pact, a treaty intended to establish peace in western Europe and ease relations with Germany.

## References 
## Other websites
* Nobel biography
* Timeline for the 150th anniversary of Aristide Briand
Perry Saturn

**Perry Arthur Satullo** (born October 25, 1966) is a European-American professional wrestler. He is best known for wrestling with World Wrestling Federation (WWF) and Extreme Championship Wrestling (ECW) under the ring name, **Perry Saturn**.

In an interview, Saturn revealed that he had been shot with a .25 caliber handgun in the back of the neck while he was trying to save a woman who was being raped by two men. After he was shot, Satullo became addicted to crystal meth and was homeless for two and a half years. Many friends and fans believed that he was dead until he made a surprise appearance at a WWE event.
***Independent Wrestling Federation**
**IWF Light Heavyweight Championship (two times)
***Pro Wrestling Illustrated**
**PWI ranked him #47 of the 500 best singles wrestlers of the "PWI 500" in 1999.
**PWI ranked him #227 of the 500 best singles wrestlers of the "PWI Years" in 2003.
**PWI ranked him #89 of the 100 best tag teams of the "PWI Years" with John Kronus in 2003.
***United States Wrestling Association**
**USWA World Tag Team Championship (one time) with John Kronus
***World Championship Wrestling**
**WCW World Tag Team Championship (two times) with Raven (one), Chris Benoit (one)
**WCW World Television Championship (one time)
***World Wrestling Federation**
**WWF European Championship (one time)
**WWF Hardcore Championship (two times)

## References
## Other websites
*
Arthur Griffith

**Arthur Griffith** (; March 31, 1871 – August 12, 1922) was the founder of Sinn Fein, which became the political wing of the Irish Republican Army. Griffith's opposition to British domination was based on his rejection of the legality of the Act of Union of Great Britain and Ireland in 1800 although the treaty had been signed voluntarily between the two kingdoms. Elected to the parliament in 1918, he was also  for the 1921 Anglo-Irish Treaty, which set up the Irish Free State.
## Antisemitism
Despite Griffith's role in Ireland's achievement of independence, he was known for his antisemitism. As an editor of the *United Irishman*, Griffith took an "anti-Dreyfusard" line by writing in 1899 to defend the conviction of "the Jew traitor" Dreyfus. He accused the Dublin press of being "almost all Jew rags" and decrying

Other editorials in Griffith's *United Irishman* that year expressed concern about a conspiracy in which "the Jew capitalist has got a grip on the lying *Press of Civilization* from Vienna to New York and further". It concluded that "we know that all Jews are pretty sure to be traitors if they get the chance."

 

The antisemitism found in the pages of the *United Irishman* during Griffth's editorial tenure has been credited with shaping various aspects of James Joyce's *Ulysses*, especially in the "Cyclops" episode. In 1904, a piece in the paper voiced support for the Limerick boycott, a boycott of Jewish businesses in Limerick organised by a local priest, by declaring:

Griffith ignored the fact that the Jews of Limerick had little or no involvement in moneylending or similar practices. The *United Irishman* also published articles by Oliver St. John Gogarty that contained antisemitic sentiments, which were common among Irish Catholics.

## Related pages
* Dublin
* Ireland
* Pogrom
* Antisemitism
* Antisemitism in Europe
* *The Protocols of the Elders of Zion*

## References
Jimmy Snuka

**James Reiher Snuka** (born **James Wiley Smith**; May 18, 1943 – January 15, 2017) was a Fijian-American professional wrestler. He is better known by his ring name, **Jimmy "Superfly" Snuka**. His first match was in 1967. Snuka is one of the most remembered wrestlers, along with Hulk Hogan, Ted DiBiase, and more. His daughter Tamina Snuka currently works for the WWE. His son Jimmy Snuka, Jr. also worked for the company.

He retired from wrestling in 2015. In August 2015, his wife announced that Snuka was diagnosed with stomach cancer.

On September 1, 2015, Snuka was arrested and charged with third-degree murder and involuntary manslaughter in the 1983 death of his girlfriend Nancy Argentino at an Allentown, Pennsylvania hotel. The charges were dismissed in 2017, because of Snuka's terminal illness and dementia.

Snuka died of stomach cancer on January 15, 2017 in Pompano Beach, Florida, aged 74. After his death, an autopsy revealed that Snuka had been suffering from chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE).

## Championships
***All Japan Pro Wrestling**
**World's Strongest Tag Team League (1981) (with Bruiser Brody)
***Catch Wrestling Association**
**CWA British Commonwealth Championship (1 time)
***Cauliflower Alley Club**
**Other honoree (1996)
***Continental Wrestling Association**
**CWA International Tag Team Championship (one time) (with JT Southern)
***Eastern Championship Wrestling**
**NWA ECW Heavyweight Championship (two times, Inaugural)one
**NWA ECW Television Championship (one time)
***Georgia Championship Wrestling**
**NWA National Tag Team Championship (one time) (with Terry Gordy)
***International Wrestling Superstars**
**IWS United States Championship (one time)
***Pro Wrestling Illustrated**
**PWI Match of the Year (1982) (vs. Bob Backlund in a cage match on June 28)
**PWI Most Popular Wrestler of the Year (1983)
**PWI Tag Team of the Year (1980) (with Ray Stevens)
**He was ranked **#29** of the 500 best singles wrestlers by PWI during the "PWI Years" in 2003.
***Universal Superstars of America**
**USA Heavyweight Championship (2 times)
***USA Pro Wrestling**
**USA Pro New York Heavyweight Championship (1 time)
***World Wide Wrestling Alliance**
**WWWA Heavyweight Championship (one time)
***World Wrestling Federation**
**WWE Hall of Fame (Class of 1996)
***Wrestling Observer Newsletter awards**
**Tag Team of the Year in 1981 with Terry Gordy
**Best Flying Wrestler in 1981
**Best Wrestling Maneuver in 1981 and 1983 for the Superfly Splash.

## Footnotes 
## References
## Other websites
*
Bill Goldberg

**William Scott "Bill" Goldberg** (born December 27, 1966 in Tulsa, Oklahoma) is an American professional wrestler, actor and former American football defensive tackle. who is best known for wrestling with World Championship Wrestling (WCW) and World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE). Goldberg also played professional football with the Los Angeles Rams and the Atlanta Falcons. He is a four-time world champion, winning both the WCW and WWE World Heavyweight Championships once and the WWE Universal Championship two times. He was introduced into the WWE Hall of Fame in 2018.

## Filmography 
## Championships and accomplishments 
* ***Pro Wrestling Illustrated***
** Comeback of the Year (2016)
** Rookie of the Year (1998)
** Ranked No. 9 of the top 500 singles wrestlers of the *PWI Years* in 1999
** Ranked No. 39 of the top 500 singles wrestlers of the *PWI Years* in 2003
***World Championship Wrestling**
** WCW World Heavyweight Championship (1 time)
** WCW United States Heavyweight Championship (2 times)
** WCW World Tag Team Championship (1 time) – with Bret Hart
** Fifth WCW Triple Crown Champion
* ***Wrestling Observer Newsletter***
** Rookie of the Year (1998)
***WWE/World Wrestling Entertainment**
** World Heavyweight Championship (1 time)
**WWE Universal Championship (2 times)
**WWE Hall of Fame (Class of 2018)

## References
## Other websites
*Official website 
*WWE profile
Sienna Miller

**Sienna Rosie Diana Miller** (born 28 December 1981) is an American-born British actress. model and fashion designer. She has starred in *Layer Cake*, *Alfie*, *Factory Girl*, "G.I. Joe: Rise of the Cobra" and *The Edge of Love*. She was nominated for the Orange Rising Star Award in 2008.

## Early life
Sienna Rose Diana Miller was born on December 28, 1981 in New York City, United States. She is the daughter of a South African-born mother and American father. She has lived in England for most of her life and has dual citizenship - American and British.

## Modeling
Before her professional acting career, Miller worked as a photographic model. She signed with Tandy Anderson of Select Model Management London.  She modeled for Coca-Cola, Italian *Vogue*, and posed topless in the 2003 Pirelli Calendar.  Miller signed a two-year contract with Pepe Jeans London. The jeans ad campaign first appeared in magazines March 2006. In February 2009, Hugo Boss Fragrances said that Miller would be the new ambassador for their *BOSS Orange* women's perfume.

## Personal life
Miller's had a relationship with Jude Law, her co-star from *Alfie*. On Christmas Day 2004, they became engaged. On July 8, 2005, Law issued a public apology to Miller for having an affair with the nanny of his children. After trying to mend their relationship, Miller and Law finally separated the following November.

In 2008, Miller had a highly publicized affair with married actor Balthazar Getty. Miller later sued two British tabloids over the publication of photos showing her and Getty together.

She was in a relationship actor Tom Sturridge between 2011 and 2015. They have a daughter, Marlowe Ottoline, born in July 2012.

## Filmography
## Awards
## References
Julie Christie

* (1965)]]

**Julie Christie** (born 14 April 1940) is a British actress. She has worked in theatre, motion picture and television. She has won the Academy, Golden Globe, BAFTA and Screen Actors Guild Award. In 1997 she was given a BAFTA Academy Fellowship Award, a lifetime achievement award. She has starred in many movies throughout her career. She was born in British India to British parents.

In 1967, *Time* magazine said of her: "What Julie Christie wears has more real impact on fashion than all the clothes of the ten best-dressed women combined".

## Personal life
In the early 1960s, Christie dated actor Terence Stamp. She became engaged to Don Bessant, a lithographer and art teacher, in 1965. She dated actor Warren Beatty from 1967 to 1974. In November 2007, aged 66, Christie married *The Guardian* journalist Duncan Campbell. He had been her partner since 1979.

She is active in various causes, including animal rights, environmental protection, and the anti-nuclear power movement.  She is also a Patron of the Palestine Solidarity Campaign. 

## Filmography
## Theatre
* *Cries From The Heart* (2007)
**Royal Court Theatre**
* *Old Times* (1995)
**Wyndhams Theatre & Theatr Clywd **
* *Suzanna Andler* (1997)
**Chichester Festival Theatre (and on tour, Bath, Oxford, Richmond and Guildford)**
* *Uncle Vanya* (1973)
**Broadway**
* *The Comedy of Errors* (1964)
**RSC**
**Frinton Repertory of Essex'' (1957)

## References
## Other websites
* 
* 
* BBC News | Entertainment | Actress Christie on Alzheimer's role
* Julie Christie: Beauty that never fades in The Independent
* After years living as a recluse, Julie Christie is suddenly the talk of Hollywood again | the Daily Mail
* Oscar winner and nominee Julie Christie talks about getting older  - Times Online 
* The secret Indian sister who haunts actress Julie Christie | the Daily Mail
* Julie Christie writes about the re-release of "The Animals Film"
* Playing a part against injustice: Interview with Julie Christie  | Socialist Review
Beyti (Istanbul)

**Beyti** is a restaurant in Istanbul, Turkey. It was opened in 1945 in the neighbourhood of Küçükçekmece. It is owned and managed by Beyti Güler. The restaurant specialises in traditional Turkish food, particularly roasted meat.

## Background
Beyti Güler is descended from Turkic people who fled from Samarkand to Crimea in the 1720s. In the 1870s, after the Crimean War, the family moved to Romania, then part of the Ottoman Empire. The family immigrated to Turkey in 1935.

## References 
## Other websites 
*Official website
Halle

**Halle** may refer to:

## Places
### Germany
* Halle, Saxony-Anhalt, also called Halle an der Saale, a city in Saxony-Anhalt
* Halle, Bentheim, in the district of Bentheim, Lower Saxony

### Elsewhere
* Halle, Belgium, a city and municipality

## People
* Bruce Halle (1930–2018), American entrepreneur and businessman, founder and chairman of Discount Tire.
* Halle Berry (born 1966), American actress
* Halle Bailey (born 2000), American singer, part of the duo Chloe x Halle
* Morris Halle (1923–2018), Latvian-American linguist

## Other uses
* The Hallé, a symphony orchestra based in Manchester, England
* Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg, a German public university in Halle and Wittenberg
Michael Kort

**Michael Kort** (born 1944) is an American historian.  After studying at Johns Hopkins University and New York University, he eventually became a professor at Boston University. He specializes in Soviet history.

## Bibliography
Kort's books include biographies of Nikita Krushchev and Mikhail Gorbachev, as well textbooks about the Soviet Union. Other nonfiction books include *The Rise and Fall of the Soviet Union* and *Marxism in Power*.

## References
Freezing rain

**Freezing rain** is rain that freezes when it hits the ground. It happens when the air is above freezing, but the ground is below freezing. It makes things slippery, and can cause problems.

## Related pages
*Ice storm

## References
Beyti (meat dish)

, Turquía.]]
**Beyti** is a type of Turkish meat dish.

During a visit to Switzerland in 1961, Beyti Güler was inspired by the renowned butcher Möller's way of preparing meat. When he returned home, he introduced a dish consisting of roasted lamb fillets wrapped in strips of lamb cutlet fat. It came to be named after him when the kebap's fame spread all over the world.

## References
Husband

A **husband** is a married man. "Married" means that the law says two people are legally "joined". During the wedding ceremony, the husband is called the **groom** (or **bridegroom**). In Christianity and Judaism a husband can have one wife (monogamy). In Islam a husband can have up to four wives (polygamy).

## Related pages
* Marriage
* Wife
*Sacrament
* Illegitimacy
* Divorce
Monica (singer)

**Monica Denise Arnold** (born October 24, 1980), known mononymously  as **Monica**, is an American singer, rapper, songwriter, dancer, and record producer. Her debut album *Miss Thang* was released in 1995. Her second album, *The Boy Is Mine*, was successful internationally. She was born on October 24, 1980.
Perilla

***Perilla*** is a genus of annual herb which is a member of the mint family. In mild climates the plant can reseed itself. There are both green leafed and purple leafed versions of this plant. The plant's leaves resemble stinging nettle leaves, though they are slightly rounder in shape.

## Uses
* Koreans use *Perilla frutescens* leaves and seeds in cooking.
* Japanese use *Perilla frutescens* var. *crispa* leaves in cooking.
Lynne Ewing

**Lynne Ewing** is an American author. While growing up, she and her two sisters moved a lot as her father was in the Marine Corps. Lynne graduated high school in Lima, Peru after attending seven other schools.  While living in Peru, she learned to speak Spanish. She attended the University of California at Santa Barbara. She was 30 years old when she began writing for newspapers, documentaries, magazines, and did screen writing. She was also a counselor.  Her first books were *Drive-By* and *Party Girl*. *Drive-By* took six years to write, and *Party Girl* was made into a movie called *Living the Life*. She wrote the Daughters of the Moon, Sisters of Isis, and Sons of the Dark series. 

## Books 
* *Drive By* - Written in 1996
* *Party Girl* - Written in 1999
* *Daughters of the Moon* - Written from 2000-2007
* *Sons of the Dark* - Written from 2004-2005
* *Sisters of Isis* -  2007-2008 She is still writing the book

In 2001, Lynne's book *Party Girl* became a movie called *Living the Life*; Lynne was one of two screenwriters.
Wanda Sykes

**Wanda Sykes** (born March 7, 1964) is an American Writer, Comedienne and Actress. She was born in Portsmouth, Virginia and raised in Washington, D.C. She starred in the sitcom *Curb Your Enthusiasm* on the HBO network. In November 2009 her late night talk show *The Wanda Sykes Show* premiered.

## Personal life
Sykes is lesbian. She married her wife, Alex, in 2006.

## References 
## Other websites 
*
Moorhead, Minnesota

**Moorhead** is a town in Minnesota with a population of 44,505. It is regarded as the twin city of Fargo, North Dakota, since they are right next to each other. The town was first built in 1870 near a natural crossing point for the Red River. It was named after William G.Moorhead, who was a director of the Northern Pacific Railway. 

Musician Buddy Holly was on his way to Moorhead when he died in a plane crash. This was called "The Day that Music Died" in the song "American Pie", by Don McLean.

## References
## Other websites
*City of Moorhead's Official website
Shemp Howard

**Shemp Howard** (March 11, 1895 - November 22, 1955) was an American comedian and actor. He was born in Brooklyn, New York.

## Career
He worked for a short time with Larry Fine and Moe Howard in the early 1930s Three Stooges. He later return to the group in 1947. He replaced Curly Howard who was ill. *Fright Night* (1947), was his first short movie with the Three Stooges, followed by *Out West* (1947), one of the best episodes of The Three Stooges. Shemp filmed 73 short movies with The Three Stooges between 1947 and 1955. These included ''I'm a Monkey's Uncle* (1948), *Mummy's Dummies* (1948), *Hokus Pokus* (1949), *The Ghost Talks* (1949), *Malice in the Palace* (1949), *Three Arabian Nuts* (1951), *Corny Casanovas* (1952), *Up in Daisy's Penthouse* (1953) and *Musty Musketeers'' (1954). Shemp Howard also worked with The Three Stooges on television.

## References
## Other websites
* 
* 
* Shemp Howard: The Little Stooge Who Could  Shemp Howard Profile at Confessions of a Pop Culture Addict
Red Grange

**Harold Edward "Red" Grange** (June 13, 1903 – January 28, 1991) was an American football halfback and actor that played in the National Football League (NFL) for 9 seasons. He was nicknamed **"The Galloping Ghost"** from a Chicago sportswriter named Warren Brown. He played in the NFL for 3 teams during his professional career the Chicago Bears in 1925 and again from 1929-1934 and also played for the New York Yankees in 1926 and 1927. He played college football at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign and his jersey number #77 is retired by the university and is also retired by the Chicago Bears. Grange also acted in two silent movies; One Minute to Play in 1926 and Racing Romeo in 1927. He is inducted into the College and Pro Football Hall of Fame and in 2008 ESPN named him the greatest college football player of all time.  Grange never fumbled the football during his NFL career.

## References
## Other websites
*Red Grange's Football Hall of Fame profile
Bull Durham

***Bull Durham*** is an 1988 American romantic comedy baseball movie set in Durham, North Carolina. It was produced by Thom Mount and Mark Burg and was directed by Ron Shelton. Bull Durham was released on June 15, 1988 in North America. The movie received positive reviews with a 98% rating on Rotten Tomatoes and a 73 out of 100 from Metacritic.

## Cast 
* Kevin Costner as "Crash" Davis
* Susan Sarandon as Annie Savoy
* Tim Robbins as Ebby Calvin "Nuke" LaLoosh
* Trey Wilson as Joe Riggins
* Robert Wuhl as Larry Hockett
* William O'Leary as Jimmy
* David Neidorf as Bobby
* Samuel Veraldi as a second baseman
* Stephen Ware as a umpire

## Other websites 
*Bull Durham's official website
* 
*
Urban decay

**Urban decay** is the process in which a city or area goes into conditions of disrepair or becomes decrepit or filled with blight. Urban decay involves white flight, population changes, depopulation, economic troubles, high local unemployment, higher than usual crime and political issues. Blight is associated with condemned properties, empty lots and deserted areas that often attract criminal activity. That includes squattiing in these buildings/homes, 

## Related pages 
* Rust Belt 
* Deindustrialization  
* Ruins 
* Ghost town
Aerobic

**Aerobic** is an adjective that means 'requiring oxygen'.

**Aerobic** may also refer to:
* Aerobic exercise, prolonged exercise of moderate intensity 
** Aerobics, a form of aerobic exercise

* Aerobic respiration, the aerobic process of cellular respiration
* Aerobic organism, a living thing with an oxygen-based metabolism

## Related pages
* Anaerobic respiration
Muhammad Hassan

**Mark Copani** (ring name **Muhammad Hassan**, born November 7, 1981 in Syracuse, New York) is a retired American professional wrestler who is best known for wrestling with World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE) under his ring name.

His gimmick was about a Middle Eastern-American wrestler that wanted acceptance from the stereotypes created by the 9/11 attacks. His gimmick got attention from the New York Post, TV Guide, Variety and other news sources because he was supposed to face The Undertaker in a match The Great American Bash and Teddy Long put Hassan's manager, Daivari in a match with The Undertaker on the earlier version of SmackDown.

UPN urged the WWE to remove Hassan's character from television which they succeeded in when Copani was released from his WWE contract on September 21, 2005.

## Championships
***Ohio Valley Wrestling**
**OVW Heavyweight Championship (one time)

## References
Caddyshack

***Caddyshack*** is a 1980 American sports comedy movie that was produced by Douglas Kenney and was directed by Harold Ramis. Caddyshack was released on July 25, 1980 in North America. The movie received positive reviews with a 76% rating on Rotten Tomatoes.

This movie had a sequel, *Caddyshack II*.

## Cast 
*Chevy Chase as Ty Webb
*Rodney Dangerfield as Al Czervik
*Ted Knight as Judge Elihu Smails
*Michael O'Keefe as Danny Noonan
*Bill Murray as Carl Spackler
*Sarah Holcomb as Maggie O'Hooligan
*Scott Colomby as Tony D'Annunzio
*Cindy Morgan as Lacey Underall
*Dan Resin as Dr. Beeper
*Henry Wilcoxon as Bishop Pickering
*Albert Salmi as Mr. Noonan
*Elaine Aiken as Mrs. Noonan
*John F. Barmon, Jr. as Spaulding Smails
*Lois Kibbee as Mrs. Smails
*Brian Doyle-Murray as Lou Loomis
*Jackie Davis as Smoke Porterhouse
*Hamilton Mitchell as Motormouth
*Chuck Rodent as Larry the Hamster

## Other websites
* 
*
WWE SmackDown vs. Raw 2008

***WWE SmackDown vs. Raw 2008*** is a professional wrestling video game that was published by THQ. The video game was released for the PlayStation 3, PlayStation 2, PlayStation Portable, Nintendo DS, Wii and Xbox 360 systems. The video game was also released as a mobile game. The video game was released on November 9, 2007 in Europe and on November 13, 2007 in both North America and Australia The game was also released on November 9, 2007 in Europe, November 13, 2007 in North America and on November 22, 2007 in Australia for the PSP.

The game was the first of the SmackDown vs. Raw games to feature the newly revived ECW brand.

It is part of the WWE SmackDown vs. Raw video game series.

## Other websites
*Official WWE SmackDown vs. Raw 20078 website
Single White Female

***Single White Female*** is a 1992 American thriller movie. The movie stars Bridget Fonda, who plays a young businesswoman looking for a roommate in New York City. The roommate she chooses (played by Jennifer Jason Leigh) initially seems normal. However, she later tries to take over her life and shows that she is a controlling and violent woman who has borderline personality disorder. The film is based on John Lutz's suspense novel *SWF Seeks Same*. *Single White Female* was released in August 1992. It was directed by Barbet Schroeder.

## Other websites 
*
WWE SmackDown! vs. Raw

***WWE SmackDown! vs. Raw*** is a professional wrestling video game that was published by THQ except in Japan where it was published by Yuke's, who also developed the game. It was released for the PlayStation 2 video game console on November 2, 2004 in North America, November 12, 2004 in Europe and on February 3, 2005 in Japan. It was called **Exciting Pro Wrestling 6: SmackDown! vs. RAW** in Japan. It is the first game titled *WWE SmackDown vs. Raw* and the sixth in the series overall.

The game is the sequel to *WWE SmackDown! Here Comes the Pain* and was followed by *WWE SmackDown! vs. Raw 2006*. It was the first WWE game that could be played online. Wrestlers can be set to have clean or dirty tactics during matches. 

## Reception 
The game got a "Platinum" sales award from the Entertainment and Leisure Software Publishers Association (ELSPA), selling at least 300,000 copies in the United Kingdom.

### Critical 
The game got a score of 80/100 on Metacritic, indicating "generally favorable reviews".

### Accolades 
## References 
## Other websites
*Official WWE SmackDown vs. Raw website
Peter Jennings

**Peter Jennings** (29 July 1938 &ndash; 7 August 2005) was a Canadian journalist, born in Toronto, Ontario. 

He was a journalist and news anchor for *World News Tonight* on ABC from 1983 until his death in 2005. 

He died in Manhattan, New York City, in 2005 of complications from lung cancer.

## References
Essen (disambiguation)

**Essen** may refer to:

## Places
* in Germany:
**Essen, one of the major cities of the Ruhr area
*** The Spiel game fair held in Essen is often referred to as "Essen"
**Essen, Lower Saxony, in the district of Cloppenburg, Lower Saxony
**Bad Essen, in the district of Osnabrück, Lower Saxony
* Essen, Belgium, in the province of Antwerp
* Essen (Groningen), a village in Groningen (province), the Netherlands
* Essen (Gelderland), a village in the province of Gelderland, the Netherlands
Ostracod

**Ostracods** are a class of the Crustacea. They are often called **seed shrimps** because of their appearance. 

Some 65,000 species (13,000 of which are living) have been identified. 

Ostracods are small crustaceans, typically around  in size, but varying from  to  in the case of *Gigantocypris*. 

Their bodies are flattened from side to side and protected by a bivalve-like, chitinous or calcareous valve or "shell". The hinge of the two valves is in the upper (dorsal) region of the body.

Marine ostracods live in the zooplankton. Others live in the benthos, on or in the upper layer of the sea floor. 

Many ostracods are also found in fresh water. Terrestrial species of *Mesocypris* are known from humid forest soils of South Africa, Australia, New Zealand and Tasmania. They have a wide range of diets, and the group includes carnivores, herbivores, scavengers, and filter feeders.

Copepods may not be monophyletic.  Ostracod taxa are grouped into a Class based on gross morphology (what they look like). Their DNA sequence analysis in their mitochondria has been examined. The results are not clear.

## References
Rock Springs, Wyoming

**Rock Springs** is an American city in the state of Wyoming. It is in Sweetwater County. The city has about 23,526 people. On September 2, 1885, a riot between the Chinese immigrant miners and white immigrant miners killed at least 26 people and it was caused because of racial tensions and labor dispute.

## References
## Other websites
*Official City of Rock Springs website
Buffalo, Wyoming

**Buffalo** is an American city in the state of Wyoming. It is in Johnson County. The city had 4,415 people at the 2020 census. Buffalo is known for methane production from the coal bed methane extraction method that is used in the Powder River Basin.

## References
## Other websites
*
*Official City of Buffalo website
Sorrel

**Sorrel** (*Rumex acetosa*), also called **common sorrel** or **garden sorrel**, is a perennial herb that is cultivated as a garden herb or leaf vegetable (pot herb). Sorrel is also known by the names **spinach dock** and **narrow-leaved dock**.

## Growth
Sorrel is a slender plant. It is about 60&nbsp;centimetres (cm) high, and it has roots that go far into the ground. Sorrel also has juicy stems and oblong leaves that can be eaten.

## Characteristics
It has whorled spikes of reddish-green flowers, which bloom in summer, becoming purplish. The stamens and pistils are on different plants (dioecious); the ripe seeds are brown and shining.

## Uses
Common sorrel has been cultivated for centuries. The leaves may be puréed in soups and sauces or added to salads and shav; they have a flavour that is similar to kiwifruit or sour wild strawberries. The plant's sharp taste is due to oxalic acid, which is a poison. In small quantities sorrel is harmless; in large quantities it can be fatal.
Sendai, Miyagi

is the capital city of Miyagi Prefecture, Japan. It is the largest city in the Tōhoku Region. Sendai is also called the . About 1,045,986 people live in the city as of 2010.

Date Masamune built the castle at Sendai in 1601. The modern-day city of Sendai developed around it.

On March 11, 2011, an earthquake and a tsunami badly damaged the city and its surroundings.

  is in nearby Natori, Miyagi,  south southeast of Sendai Station. The airport was badly damaged by the tsunami, but re-opened for limited service the next month. The US State Department said the airport was safe to visit.

There are several ski resorts and golf clubs in Sendai. The football club Vegalta Sendai has its stadium in the city. Sendai has one university: Tohoku University.

## Related pages 
* Tohoku Rakuten Golden Eagles

## References
## Other websites
* The City of Sendai's website
Electron transport chain

s. The NADH and succinate generated in the citric acid cycle are oxidized, providing energy to power ATP synthase.]]

An **electron transport chain** (ETC) is how a cell gets energy from sunlight in photosynthesis. Electron transport chains also occur in reduction/oxidation ("*redox*") reactions, such as the oxidation of sugars in cellular respiration.

In aerobic respiration, each molecule of glucose leads to about 34 molecules of ATP (Adenosine triphosphate) being produced by the electron transport chain. This is by far the most productive part of respiration.

## Background 
The electron transport chain consists of a series of redox reactions in which electrons are transferred from a donor molecule to an acceptor molecule. The underlying force driving these reactions is the free energy (energy available to do work) of the reactants and products. Any reaction that decreases the overall free energy of a system will happen.

ATP synthase is an enzyme found among all domains of life. It is powered by a transmembrane proton electrochemical gradient. This is the result of the series of redox reactions. What the electron transport chain does is produce this gradient. The free energy is used to drive ATP synthesis.

## References
WWE SmackDown! vs. Raw 2006

***WWE SmackDown vs. Raw 2006*** (also known as ***Exciting Pro Wrestling 7*** in Japan) is a professional wrestling video game that was published by THQ except in Japan where it was published by Yuke's, who also developed the game. It was released on November 11, 2005 in Europe, November 14, 2005 in North America and February 2, 2006 in Japan for the PlayStation 2 and on December 16, 2005 in Europe, December 13, 2005 in North America and October 12, 2006 in Japan for the PlayStation Portable.

It is the second game in the WWE SmackDown vs. Raw video game series, the seventh in the series overall, and the first in the series to be released on more that one console. The game adds the Buried Alive and Fulfill Your Fantasy matches (mix between Bra and Panties match and pillow fight) as match types, and the General Manager mode and Create-An-Entrance as new modes. It is the sequel to WWE SmackDown! vs. Raw and was followed by WWE SmackDown vs. Raw 2007.

## Reception 
The game received "generally favorable" reviews on both platforms, according to Metacritic. However, there were some complaints for the game's limitations of game modes. In Japan, *Famitsu* gave the PlayStation 2 version a score of three eights and one seven for a total of 31 out of 40.

Until December 2006, the game sold 3.3 million copies. The PlayStation 2 version received a "Platinum" sales award from the Entertainment and Leisure Software Publishers Association (ELSPA), selling at least 300,000 copies in the United Kingdom. In October 2006, the game was added to Sony's Greatest Hits collection.

The Academy of Interactive Arts & Sciences nominated *WWE SmackDown! vs. Raw 2006* for "Fighting Game of the Year" at the 10th Annual Interactive Achievement Awards.

## References 
## Other websites
*Official WWE SmackDown vs. Raw 2006 website
Fukushima (city)

**Fukushima** is a city in northern Japan. It is the capital of Fukushima Prefecture. The city of Iino was merged into the city of Fukushima on 1 July 2008.

## Geography
The Abukuma River flows through this city.

## References 
## Other websites 
*Fukushima's Official city website (Japanese)
Scram

A **scram** or **SCRAM** is a quick shutdown of a nuclear reactor.  It is done in an emergency (a dangerous situation), but also for routine maintenance such as refueling. A scram is performed by quickly inserting all of the control rods, or, if this fails, injecting boric acid into the reactor. A reactor that has been shut down still requires cooling due to decay heat. If the cooling system fails, the core can still melt down even if the reactor has been shut down. This has happened during several nuclear accidents, including Three Mile Island and Fukushima. The RBMK reactors used in the Soviet Union had graphite-tipped control rods, a design flaw which caused the reactivity to increase for a moment when the reactor was scrammed. This design flaw contributed to the Chernobyl disaster. In RBMK reactors such as those at Chernobyl, the SCRAM button is called AZ-5.

## Related pages
* Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant
Fairly Legal

***Fairly Legal*** is an American legal drama television series that was created by Michael Sardo. Fairly Legal ran from January 20, 2011 to June 15, 2012 on the USA Network. Filming for the show takes place in Vancouver. The series focus about a woman named Kate Reed who is a former lawyer turned mediator. She works at the San Francisco law firm that her father has started and left her and the law firm to deal with his death.

## Cast
* Sarah Shahi - Kate Reed
* Michael Trucco - Justin Patrick
* Virginia Williams - Lauren Reed
* Baron Vaughn - Leonardo Prince
* Richard Dean Anderson - David Smith
* Ethan Embry - Spencer
* Gerald McRaney - Judge David Nicastro

## Other websites
*Fairly Leagal's Official website
David Carradine

**David Carradine** (December 8, 1936 Hollywood, California, U.S. – June 3, 2009, Bangkok, Thailand), was an American actor. He was famous as the lead in a 1970s TV series *Kung Fu*.

Carradine had an unstable childhood. This instability continued throughout his life. He married five times. He was frequently arrested and prosecuted for a variety of offenses which often involved substance abuse. He died on June 3, 2009, from erotic asphyxiation.

## Television 
Carradine began his career participating in small roles in 1960s television show as Armstrong Circle Theatre, Wagon Train, The Virginian, Bob Hope Presents the Chrysler Theatre. 

His first starring role was in the TV western *Shane* (1965), where he played a lone cowboy going from town to town helping people who have problems with gunmen and bandits. 

He leapt to fame in 1972 playing the role of Kwai Chang Caine, in the TV series *Kung Fu*. Kwai Chang Caine is a Shaolin monk fugitive who fled to America to escape the Emperor who put a price on his head, for the crime of his father.
63 episodes were filmed between (1972 - 1975). He returned to play the character in *Kung Fu: The Movie* (1986), and *Kung Fu: The Legend Continues* (1992 - 1997) (TV series).  

One of his films for television was *High Noon, Part II: The Return of Will Kane* (1980), with Lee Majors and directed by Jerry Jameson.

Carradine had appearances in many television series including: *Gunsmoke*, *Night Gallery*, *Ironside*, *Darkroom*, *Airwolf*, *The Fall Guy*, *North and South* (mini-series), *Matlock*, *Profiler*, *Acapulco H.E.A.T.*, and *Family Law*.

He was also the voice of Clockwork for the T.V. show Danny Phantom.

## Movies 
After *Kung Fu*, David starred in movies *Death Race 2000* (1975), with Sylvester Stallone, *Cannonball!* (1976), Bound for Glory (1976), he plays the role of Woody Guthrie an American folk singer, *Thunder and Lightning* (1977), ''The Serpent's Egg* (1977), director Ingmar Bergman, *Gray Lady Down* (1978), *Circle of Iron* (1978).

In 1980, Carradine starred in *The Long Riders*, with Stacy Keach, and directed by Walter Hill. In 1983 co-starred in *Lone Wolf McQuade*, with Chuck Norris.

In the mid 1980s, he acted in low-budget films, among which are *Armed Response* (1986) with Lee Van Cleef, *Crime Zone'' (1989). 
 
He returned to play the role of Bill in Quentin Tarantino's film *Kill Bill: Vol. 1* (2003), with Uma Thurman. 

Carradine starred in major motion pictures and several important awards were awarded to him.

## References 
## Other websites 
* 
* 
* 
* 
* 
* 
* David Carradine at TV Guide
* 2003 Interview by Hikari Takano, recorded at Mr. Carradine's home
* 2004 Onion interview
* 2004 IGN interview with David Carradine
* *2004, "A Fresh Thing": David Carradine*
* David Carradine – *The Daily Telegraph* obituary
* McLellan, Dennis. "David Carradine dies at 72; star of 'Kung Fu'," *Los Angeles Times*, Friday, June 5, 2009.