open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
2014 Moncton shootings

The **2014 Moncton shootings** were shootings that took place on June 4, 2014 in Moncton, New Brunswick, Canada. Three members of the Royal Canadian Mounted Police were shot and killed in Moncton. He was caught after he was found in a yard on Mecca Drive and was taken into custody on June 6, 2014. After he was caught, he told police, "I'm done." The shooting lasted from June 4, 2014 to June 6, 2014. It was the first homicide in Moncton since 2010 and was the deadliest attack on RCMP members since the Mayerthorpe tragedy in 2005.

George LeBlanc, Mayor of Moncton said in a statement on Twitter that the shooting was "Terrible sad news for Moncton. Stay indoors and allow police to do their job. Prayers for the families." Prime Minister of Canada Stephen Harper said in a statement "On behalf of all Canadians, Laureen and I offer our deepest condolences to the families, colleagues and friends of those affected by this tragedy. We also offer our prayers for the speedy recovery of those injured." He also said that the incident reminds us that "men and women in law enforcement put their lives on the line in Canada every day to protect our citizens and communities".

Mr Bourque needs to stay in prison for at least 25 years (decided by Judge on October 31, 2014).

## References
Aglet

An **aglet**, or **aiglet**, is the small tip on the end of a shoelace or rope. It can be plastic or metal. It keeps the fibres from fraying or unwinding. This makes it easier to hold, and easier to feed through a hole, such as a grommet, eyelet, or lacing guides.

The word *aglet* (or *aiglet*) comes from the Old French word, *aguillette* (or *aiguillette*), which means *needle*. This in turn comes from *acus*, Latin for *needle*. An aglet is like a small needle at the end of a cord.

## Types
There are two main types of aglets. Some are purely functional, that is to simply stop fraying, while others can also be decorative. Decorative aglets are on the end of decorative cords, such as bolo ties, or on the aiguillettes of military dress uniforms.

Aglets today are most often made of plastic; they also have been made of metal, glass, and stone. Many were highly ornamental and made of metals such as silver. Before the invention of buttons, they were used on the ends of ribbons to hold clothing together. Sometimes they were formed into small figures. Shakespeare called these an "aglet baby" in *The Taming of the Shrew*.

Homemade aglets can be made out of adhesive tape, wax, resin, glue, thread, heat shrink or metal tubing, and by simply knotting or melting the end of a lace or cord. During the Great Depression, aglets were made out of paper and glue.

## References
## Other websites
*Aglets on Ian's Shoelace Site
John Mahoney

**John Mahoney** (June 20, 1940 &ndash; February 4, 2018) was an American-British actor. He was known for his role as Martin Crane in the sitcom *Frasier* which ran from 1993 to 2004. Mahoney was born in Blackpool, Lancashire, England. He became an American citizen in 1959.

Mahoney died on 4 February 2018 while in hospice care in Chicago, Illinois of complications from epilepsy and lung and throat cancer at the age of 77.

## References
## Other websites
*
*
Robeline, Louisiana

**Robeline** is a village in Natchitoches Parish, Louisiana, United States. It is the second least populous municipality in Natchitoches Parish (after Powhatan).
Jorge Marrale

**Jorge Marrale** (born June 30, 1947) is a well-known Argentine actor. Marrale is known for his roles in *Ashes of Paradise*, *The Lighthouse*, *Antigua, My Life*, *El Dia Que Me Ama*, and in *Ay Junacito*.

He was born in Buenos Aires, Argentina.

## References
Lab Rats

***Lab Rats*** (***Lab Rats: Bionic Island*** since the fourth season) is an American television series by It's a Laugh Productions and Disney XD. It first started in 2012. The show is about a teenager named Leo who discovers three teens with bionic powers in the basement (lab) of his home. The show had 90 episodes in 5 seasons.

## Plot summary 
In the start (Season 1) Leo discovered Adam, Bree and Chase and the Lab Rats wanted to go to school and have a social start so season 1 had more of showing who they are. In a season 1 episode Marcus had been shown to be a bad guy to Leo but not to the Lab Rats but in more episodes they start doing more life-saving events and in the Season 1 finale they go to space. In Season 2 in "Bionic Showdown" Marcus becomes a threat to all of the Lab Rats and Donald as it starts with more villains like Marcus and Douglas. Then in the Season 2 final "No Going Back" the bad guys keep coming to try to get them and all season finales end with a cliff hanger with the series premiere of Season 3 (Sink Or Swim) continuing from the season finale of Season 2.

## Main Characters 
* Tyrel Jackson Williams as **Leo Dooley**
* Billy Unger as **Chase Davenport**
* Kelli Berglund as **Bree Davenport**
* Spencer Boldman as **Adam Davenport**
* Hal Sparks as **Donald Davenport**

## Season 3
*1. Sink Or Swim Air date: February 17, 2014
Plot: The Lab Rats are on the run as stowaways on a cargo freight headed to the unknown. Once captured by the ship's crew, they are forced to choose between helping a submarine in danger, which would reveal their whereabouts and put them at risk of being caught, or staying quiet. Meanwhile, Leo and Davenport try to find a way out of the elevator.
*2. Jet Wing Air date: February 27, 2014
Plot:   Donald performs Death defying stunt to earn money for a new lab.
*3. Mission: Creek High Air date: March 3, 2014
Plot: The Lab Rats get a new lab then Principal Perry makes the team take her on a mission but when they put a fake one perry accidentally launches a rocket a there high school Meanwhile Leo takes Danelle on a date to prove he is not bad luck.

## Awards & Nominations 
## Other websites 
Lab Rats at the Internet Movie Database
## References
Urawa Station

**Urawa Station** (浦和駅,うらわえき) is a railway station of JR East in Saitama, Saitama Prefecture, Japan.

## Adjacent stations 
;JR East
: Utsunomiya Line (Tōhoku Main Line)
::Rapid Rabbit, Commuter Rapid
:::Akabane - **Urawa** - Ōmiya
::Local
:::Akabane - **Urawa** - Saitama-Shintoshin
: Takasaki Line
::Limited express Kusatsu, Limited express Akagi, Rapid Urban, Commuter Rapid
:::Akabane - **Urawa** - Ōmiya
::Local
:::Akabane - **Urawa** - Saitama-Shintoshin
: Keihin-Tōhoku Line
::Rapid, Local
:::Minami-Urawa - **Urawa** - Kita-Urawa

## Other websites 
* Urawa Station (Official Site)
Oscar Núñez

**Oscar Núñez** (1929&nbsp;– February 9, 2012) was an Argentine actor. He was known for his work in movie and theater. Some of his best known movie roles were in *Nine Queens* in 2000, *Good Life Delivery* in 2004, and *Un novio para mi mujer* in 2008.

Núñez died from complications of cancer on February 9, 2012, at the age of 83. He was buried at the La Chacarita Cemetery in Buenos Aires.

## References
## Other websites
*
RM4SCC

**Royal Mail 4 State Customer Code** (commoly abbreviated to RM4SCC) is a two-dimensional barcode that was develooped by Royal Mail in England. It is used for marking the postcodes of letters and parcels in the UK. The system, or one of its variants is also used in other countries.  The printed code is optimized for being read at a high speed.

The barcode consists of a number of vertical bars. Each bar has one of four possible states. Four bars are necessary to code one of 36 possible characters. Two of the four bars point upwards, the other two point downwards. RM4SCC uses start and stop symbols. The RM4SCC barcode includes a checksum, which is also encoded as a character. 

There are other barcode systems, which are similar. PostNL, (formerly known as TNT Post), uses a system called **KIX** which stands for **K**lant **i**nde**x **(Customer index). This system does not use the start and stop characters, and does not include a checksum.

Universal Postal Union has defined a standard how the system should be used.

Note that the code is read and printed at high speed, at which it is usually not possible to print straight lines; for this reason, the lines being "bent" is a normal state.

## References
Sperm bank

A **sperm bank** (also **semen bank**) is an enterprise that collects or stores human sperm from sperm donors for use by women who need sperm to get pregnant. 

Sperm banks enable greater control, especially in the relation to access and timing of pregnancies, since they check and screen potential donors. The sperm banks usually 'wash' the sperm sample to extract sperm from the semen.
Tokorozawa Station

**Tokorozawa Station** (所沢駅,ところざわえき) is a railway station of Seibu in Tokorozawa, Saitama Prefecture, Japan.

## Adjacent stations 
;Seibu
: Seibu Shinjuku Line
::Koedo limited express
:::Higashi-Murayama - **Tokorozawa** - Sayamashi
::Commuter express
:::Higashi-Murayama - **Tokorozawa** - Shin-Tokorozawa
::Express, Semi Expless, Local
:::Higashi-Murayama - **Tokorozawa** - Kōkū-kōen
: Seibu Ikebukuro Line
::Chichibu/Musashi limited express
:::Ikebukuro - **Tokorozawa** - Irumashi
::Rapid express
:::Hibarigaoka - **Tokorozawa** - Kotesashi
::Express
:::Hibarigaoka - **Tokorozawa** - Nishi-Tokorozawa
::Commuter express
:::Higashi-Kurume - **Tokorozawa** - Nishi-Tokorozawa
::Rapid, Commuter semi express, Semi express, Local
:::Akitsu - **Tokorozawa** - Nishi-Tokorozawa

## Other websites 
* Tokorozawa Station (Official Site)
Turner syndrome

, puffy legs of a newborn baby with Turner syndrome]]
**Turner syndrome**, also known as 45 X, is a genetic disorder of human females. It is usually caused by the loss of one of the X chromosomes.

Turner's syndrome occurs in 1 out of 2000, to 1 out of 5000 female births. The condition is much more common *in utero* (that is, before birth). About 1–2% of all conceptions are affected, of which only 1% survive to birth.

Treatment for Turner Syndrome is sometimes Human Growth Hormone (hGH). Human Growth Hormone regulates growth in the human body. Human Growth Hormone helps those with Turner Syndrome grow normally.

## References
Greatest Hits (Chris Gaines album)

***Greatest Hits***, also known as ***Garth Brooks in.... The Life of Chris Gaines***, is the only studio album by Chris Gaines. The album was released on September 28, 1999 through Capitol Records.

## Songs
## Other websites
*
Darío Barrio

**Darío Barrio Domínguez**  (1972 &ndash; 6 June 2014) was a Spanish television chef. He was best known for presenting Cuatro's *Todos contra el chef* for sixteen episodes from 2005 until 2006.

Barrio was born in Madrid and began cooking at the age of fourteen. After studying, he traveled to countries such as France, Switzerland, the United Kingdom, and the United States for thirteen years to cook.

Barrio died in a BASE jumping accident on 6 June 2014 in Segura de la Sierra, Jaén, aged 42. The act was meant to be a tribute to Álvaro Bultó, who died the same way in August 2013.

## References
## Other websites
*
Autosticha

***Autosticha*** is a moth in the superfamily Gelechoidea. They are basal micromoths, and not much is known about them.

## References
*Autosticha in Arctos Database Museum
Lotte World

**Lotte World** is a major recreation complex in Seoul, South Korea. It is the world's largest indoor theme park.

There is an outdoor amusement park called "Magic Island", an artificial island inside a lake linked by monorail, shopping malls, a luxury hotel, a Korean folk museum, sports facilities, and movie theaters. Opened on July 12, 1989, Lotte World receives 7.3 million visitors each year.

## References 
## Other websites
*Park website
Hana Orgoníková

**Hana Orgoníková** (8 December 1946 &ndash; 5 June 2014) was a Czech politician. She was an MP for the Czech Social Democratic Party (CSDP) from 1989 until her death.

Orgoníková was born in Přibyslav, Czechoslovakia. She was divorced and had two children, Vladimír and Lucie.

Orgoníková died after a long illness on 5 June 2014 in Hradec Králové, Czech Republic, aged 67.

## References
## Other websites
* Hana Orgoníková at Parlament České republiky, Poslanecká sněmovna
Egg donation

**Egg donation** is when a woman gives some of her eggs (ova). Sometimes it is done to help that woman or another woman have a baby. Sometimes it is for research. Sometimes the eggs are frozen for later.

The first child born from egg donation was in 1983 in Australia. The first one in the United States was born February 3, 1984.

A woman who gives her ova is called an egg donor. Egg donors are recruited, screened, and give consent before participating in the process.

## References
Natchez, Louisiana

**Natchez** is a village in Natchitoches Parish, Louisiana, United States. it is the fourth most populous municipality in Natchitoches Parish (after Natchitoches, Campti and Provencal)
1981–85 Nordic Football Championship

The **1981–85 Nordic Football Championship** was the 13th Nordic Football Championship. Four Nordic countries were in the tournament, Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden. Denmark ended up winning their 3rd title.

## Results 
## References
Garth Brooks (album)

***Garth Brooks*** is the eponymous debut studio album by American country music artist Garth Brooks, released on April 12, 1989 through Capitol Nashville. It was both a critical and chart success, peaking at #13 on the *Billboard* 200. On the Top Country Albums chart the album peaked at #2 for eight weeks behind Clint Black's Killin' Time. In 2006 *Garth Brooks* was certified Diamond by the RIAA for shipments of 10 million copies in the US.

This album contains Brooks' earliest hits, for instance his first ever single, "Much Too Young (To Feel This Damn Old)", which peaked at #8 on the Country Billboard Charts in 1989. It put the name of an independent cowboy singer, Chris LeDoux, into the mainstream due to the lyric "*The worn out tape of Chris LeDoux*" Two other strong starts include his first #1, "If Tomorrow Never Comes" and the Academy of Country Music's 1990 Song of the Year and Video of the Year, "The Dance" (another #1).

## Background
Brooks commented on the album, saying:

## Track listing
**Original Release**
#"Not Counting You" (Garth Brooks) – 2:30
#"I've Got a Good Thing Going" (Larry Bastian, Sandy Mahl, Brooks) – 2:50   
#"If Tomorrow Never Comes" (Kent Blazy, Brooks) – 3:37
#"Everytime That It Rains" (Charley Stefl, Ty England, Brooks) – 4:07
#"Alabama Clay" (Larry Cordle, Ronny Scaife) – 3:35
#"Much Too Young (To Feel This Damn Old)" (Randy Taylor, Brooks) – 2:53
#"Cowboy Bill" (Bastian, Ed Berghoff) – 4:28
#"Nobody Gets Off in This Town" (Bastian, DeWayne Blackwell) – 2:17
#"I Know One" (Jack Clement) – 2:49
#"The Dance" (Tony Arata) – 3:37

**Limited Series Release**
#"Not Counting You"
#"I've Got a Good Thing Going"
#"Uptown Down Home Good Ol' Boy"
#"If Tomorrow Never Comes"
#"Everytime That It Rains"
#"Alabama Clay"
#"Much Too Young (To Feel This Damn Old)"
#"Cowboy Bill"
#"Nobody Gets Off in This Town"
#"I Know One"
#"The Dance"

## Chart performance
***Garth Brooks*** peaked at #13 on the U.S. *Billboard* 200, and peaked at #2 on the Top Country Albums.

### Charts
### Sales and Certifications 
### Singles
## Personnel
*Bruce Bouton - steel guitar
*Garth Brooks - lead and backing vocals
*Mark Casstevens - acoustic guitar
*Mike Chapman - bass
*Kathy Chiavola - backing vocals
*Rob Hajacos - fiddle
*Wendy Johnson - backing vocals
*Chris Leuzinger - electric guitar
*Jennifer O'Brien - backing vocals
*Wayland Patton - backing vocals
*Milton Sledge - drums
*Hurshel Wiginton - backing vocals
*Bobby Wood - keyboards, synthesizer
*Trisha Yearwood - backing vocals
*Nashville String Machine

## Notable covers
Punk rock cover artists Me First and the Gimme Gimmes released a version of 'Much Too Young (To Feel This Damn Old)' as the first track on their October 2006 album Me First and the Gimme Gimmes Love Their Country.

If 'Tomorrow Never Comes' has been covered by Ronan Keating (former lead singer of Irish group Boyzone)

## References
Micromoth

Many-plumed moth is shown top centre; a white Pterophorid Plume moth at centre]]

**Micromoths**, or microlepidoptera is a group of moth families. They are very common, but much smaller than the more familiar butterflies and moths. They have wingspans of under 20&nbsp;mm, and are hard to see well enough to identify. 

They have some lifestyles different from the larger lepidoptera, but this is not an identifying mark. The group is not monophyletic, so the term 'micromoth' is just a convenient label. It can be contrasted with macrolepidoptera, the larger types.

Micromoths include no butterflies, but they do have a number of day-flying groups. The coming of digital macrophotography. is making them much easier to identify.

In considering microsize prey, one should see the issue from the perspective of their main predator, which is birds taking larvae. Birds take a stupendous number of insect larvae, mainly to feed their chicks. One kind of defence is to eat food which is distasteful to birds. Many grubs put away ("sequester") poisonous compounds from the plants they eat. That makes them unpalatable to birds and their chicks. Another kind of defence is to be "not worth chasing", when the energy expended by the bird is not worth the energy gained by eating the prey. Micromoths and their microgrubs are not worth chasing for many birds. Thus they gain in having less rigorous predation from their main enemy. Much the same is true of microflies, which are also common. A similar argument explains that bats may go for larger, plumper flying adults where the energy gained is large compared to the energy spent catching them.

## Related pages 
*Clothes moth

## References
Mona Freeman

**Monica Elizabeth** "**Mona**" **Freeman** (June 9, 1926 &ndash; May 23, 2014) was an American actress. Her career lasted from 1944 until 1972. Her best known roles were mostly in B-movies. However, she appeared as Mary Wilton in the movie *Angel Face* (1953).

Freeman was born in Baltimore, Maryland. She was of English, Irish and French ancestry.

Freeman was married to Pat Nerney from 1945 until their divorce in 1952. She was later married to H. Jack Ellis from 1961 until his death in 1992. She had a daughter, actress Monie Ellis (born Mona Elizabeth Nerney).

Mona Freeman died after a long illness on May 23, 2014 in Beverly Hills, California, aged 87.

## References
## Other websites
*
Jim Siedow

**James Nash "Jim" Siedow** (June 12, 1920 – November 20, 2003) was an American actor. He is best known for his role of Drayton "The Cook" Sawyer in *The Texas Chain Saw Massacre* and *The Texas Chainsaw Massacre 2*.

## Other websites 
*
Macrolepidoptera

**Macrolepidoptera** is a group in the insect order Lepidoptera. Originally, it was a catch-all informal term like 'micromoth'. However, it is now reformed to make a good monophyletic group.  

In the reformed Macrolepidoptera, the following superfamilies are included:
* Mimallonoidea – sack bearers
* Lasiocampoidea – lappet moths
* Bombycoidea – bombycoid moths
* Noctuoidea – owlet moths
* Drepanoidea – drepanids
* Geometroidea – inchworms
* Axioidea – European gold moths
* Calliduloidea – Old World butterfly-moths
* Hedyloidea – New World butterfly-moths (or moth-butterflies)
* Hesperioidea – skippers
* Papilionoidea – true butterflies

The last three make up the Rhopalocera, or butterflies.
Forbing, Louisiana

**Forbing** is an unincorporated community in Caddo Parish, Louisiana, United States. The elevation of Forbing is 203 feet. Caddo Parish is in the Central Time Zone.

## References
Frierson, Louisiana

**Frierson** is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in DeSoto Parish, Louisiana, United States. According to the 2020 census, the population was 132.

## References
Duraisamy Simon Lourdusamy

**Duraisamy Simon Lourdusamy** (5 February 1924 – 2 June 2014) was an Indian Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He was the Prefect emeritus of the Congregation for theOriental Churches in the Roman Curia. He became cardinal in 1985. He was the 4th cardinal from India and the first curial cardinal of Asia outside of the Middle East.

Lourdusamy died in Rome on 2 June 2014, aged 90.

## References
Don Davis (record producer)

**Don Davis** (October 25, 1938 – June 5, 2014) was a Grammy Award-winning writer and record producer. Davis combined a music career with that of banking. He is known for producing "Money (That's What I Want)", "Bye Bye Baby", "Who's Making Love", and "Disco Lady".

Davis was born in Detroit. He lived in West Bloomfield Township, north of Detroit. Davis died there after a short illness in June 2014, aged 75. He is survived by a wife and three children.

## References
Ado Bayero

**Alhaji Dr. Ado Abdullahi Bayero** (CFR, LLD, JP) (25 July 1930 – 6 June 2014) was the Emir of Kano in Nigeria from 1963 to his death in 2014. Bayero was seen as one of Nigeria's most famous and revered Muslim leaders.

He was born in Kano, Nigeria. Bayero was targeted for an assassination attempt in late 2013. He survived the attack with minor injuries. He died in Kano, Nigeria from an illness, aged 83.

## References
Tracy Morgan

**Tracy Jamal Morgan** (born November 10, 1968) is an American actor and comedian. He is best-known for being a cast member on *Saturday Night Live* (SNL) and for his role as Tracy Jordan on the TV series *30 Rock*.

## Early life 
Morgan was born in the Bronx and grew up on a housing project in Bedford-Stuyvestant, Brooklyn. He was the second oldest child of Jimmy and Alicia Morgan. Morgan has been engaged since 2011. His fiancée, model Megan Wollover, gave birth to their daughter in 2013. His autobiography, *I Am the New Black* was released in 2009. He had a kidney transplant in 2010. A passenger in Morgan's vehicle, James McNair, was killed. Morgan was released from the hospital on June 20, 2014 and transferred to a rehabilitation centre. He soon made a full recovery.

## References
## Other websites
* 
*
Chopin, Louisiana

**Chopin** is an unincorporated communuity in Natchitoches Parish, Louisiana, United States.

## References
Heydar Aliyev Foundation

of the foundation.]]
 of the foundation shown on an Azerbaijani postage stamp, 2012.]]
The **Heydar Aliyev Foundation** () is a non-profit organization headed by Azerbaijan's First Lady Mehriban Aliyeva.  The foundation is named in honor of Azerbaijan's former leader, President of Azerbaijan Heydar Aliyev (1923–2003), who was the father of Aliyeva's husband, the current President of Azerbaijan, Ilham Aliyev. The headquarters of the Heydar Aliyev Foundation is located in the Azerbaijani capital city Baku.

## History and aim
The foundation was created in 2004, to protect the president's legacy and support a number of educational and charitable projects. The foundation's aim is to develop education, health care, arts, culture, promote Azerbaijan abroad, protect Azerbaijani cultural heritage and improve the welfare of the people.

## References
## Other websites
*
Chestnut, Louisiana

**Chestnut** is an unincorporated community in Natchitoches Parish, Louisiana, United States.

## References
Snot (band)

**Snot** is an American hardcore punk band from Santa Barbara, California. 

Snot was formed in 1995 by lead singer Lynn Strait and guitarist Mike Doling. The band then signed with Geffen Records and worked on their debut album *Get Some* which was released on May 27, 1997. Snot performed on the Ozzfest 1998 tour. Lead singer Lynn Strait was arrested for indecent exposure in Mansfield, Massachusetts on July 9, 1998 after he was dared by singer Fred Durst to exit nude from the oversized toilet prop that was used by Limp Bizkit in their performances. Strait along with his boxer and band mascot Dobbs died in a six-car crash on December 11, 1998 after a pickup truck struck his car. 

The band would then disband after his death. The band would reunite and disband many times afterwards. Their latest reunion was on February 11, 2014 at the Whisky a Go Go in Hollywood.

## Band members 
;Original
*Lynn Strait — Vocals (1995–1998) (†)
*Mike Doling – Guitar (1995–1998, 2008–2011)
*Sonny Mayo – drums (1995–1998, 2008–2009)
*John Fahnestock – Bass (1995–1998, 2008–2011)
*Jamie Miller – Drums (1996–1998, 2008–2011)

;Others
*James Fed Carrol - drums (1995-1996)
*Shannon Larkin - drums (1998)
*Mike Smith - guitar (1998)
*Tommy Vext - vocals (2008–2009)
*Brandon Espinoza - vocals (2009–2010)

## Discography 
### Albums
**Get Some* (1997)
**Strait Up* (2000)
**Alive!* (2002)

## References
Get Blake!

***Get Blake!*** () is a French animated television series. It was created by Antonie Guilbaud. The series was made by Marathon Media and Zodiak Kids. The series was broadcast on both Gulli and Nickelodeon in France.

The series is about Blake Meyers, an adventurous boy who is destined to one day become a Space Ranger who protects humanity from alien squirrels called "Squaliens". The alien squirrels are sent back in time to prevent Blake from ever becoming the adult hero. 

## References
Fernandão

**Fernando Lúcio da Costa** (18 March 1978 &ndash; 7 June 2014), better known as **Fernandão**, was a Brazilian footballer. He played professionally as a striker from 1996 until 2011. He was born in Goiânia, Goiás.

Fernandão first played for Goiás, before moving to France to play for Olympique de Marseille. While playing for Marseille, he was loaned to Toulouse. He later returned to Brazil to play for Internacional from 2004 until 2008. He soon played in Qatar for Al-Gharafa. In 2009, he returned to Goiás for a season. He played his final season for São Paulo in 2010/11. He also played for the national team for one match in 2005. For four months in 2012, he coached Internacional with very little success.

Fernandão was one of five people killed in a helicopter crash on 7 June 2014 in Aruanã, Goiás. He was 36 and died less than a week before the 2014 FIFA World Cup in Brazil. His wife, Fernanda Costa, and his two twin sons, Eloa and Enzo, outlived him.

## References
## Other websites
*
Carrie Snodgress

**Caroline "Carrie" Snodgress** (27 October 1945 – 1 April 2004) was an American actress. She played Tina Balser in *Diary of a Mad Housewife*. In *The Attic* (1980) she played Louise Elmore.

Snodgress was born on 27 October, 1946 in Park Ridge, Illinois. She died from heart and liver failure in Los Angeles on 1 April 2004. She was age 58.

## Filmography 
### Film 
### Television 
## References
## Other websites 
*
Across the Tracks

***Across the Tracks*** is a 1991 American independent drama movie. This movie is about two brothers who have gone different ways in the past. They are learning to deal with each other again. Joe is played by Brad Pitt. Carrie Snodgress plays Rosemary Maloney.

## Plot 
Joe Maloney (Brad Pitt) is a straight A student vying for an athletic scholarship to Stanford. He lives with his mother (Carrie Snodgress) in a trailer park in Gardena, CA. His well laid plans for the future are thrown into turmoil when his troubled younger brother Billy (Rick Schroder) is released from Juvenile Detention following his arrest for stealing a car and comes to live with them back home.

## Other websites 
*
Barton Fink

***Barton Fink*** is a 1991 American drama movie. The movie is set in 1941 in Los Angeles. The title character is enjoying success of his first Broadway play. Barton Fink is played by John Turturro.

The movie got very positive reviews, but it did not make much money.

## References 
## Other websites 
*
At Play in the Fields of the Lord

***At Play in the Fields of the Lord*** is an epic drama movie of 1991. The movie was based on a 1965 novel. The movie is about a couple of Americans who get stuck in the Brazilian Amazon River. Daryl Hannah plays Andy Huben. Kathy Bates plays Hazel.

The movie got positive reviews from movie critics.

## Other websites
* 
* 
* 
*
As I Lay Dying

***As I Lay Dying*** is a 2013 American drama movie. This movie is about losing a mother and the struggles through which a Mississippi family goes. James Franco directed, co-wrote and stars in this movie.

The movie was shot on several locations in Mississippi.

## References
Divergent (novel)

***Divergent*** is the 2011 debut novel of author Veronica Roth. Roth started writing* Divergent* in college, and continued afterwards to write two sequels, *Insurgent* and *Allegiant*. The book reached number six on the New York Times Best Sellers lists.

*Divergent* is a dystopian novel about a sixteen year old girl named Beatrice Prior. In this world, everyone is split into five factions: Dauntless the brave, Erudite the smart, Amity the peaceful, Abnegation the selfless, and Candor the honest. However, some people, such as Beatrice, are Divergent, meaning they belong in multiple categories.

The book was adapted into a movie in 2014.

## References
Billy Bathgate (movie)

***Billy Bathgate*** is a 1991 American crime movie. It is based on the novel of the same name. Dustin Hoffman plays Billy Bathgate. Nicole Kidman plays Drew Preston. Steve Buscemi plays Irwin. Bruce Willis plays Bo. This movie is about gangsters in the 1930s in The Bronx.

The movie got mixed reviews by critics. It did not make much money. It was released in November 1991.

## References
## Other websites 
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Bugsy

***Bugsy*** is a 1991 American crime drama movie. Warren Beatty plays the title character. Annette Bening plays Virginia Hill. It won Academy Awards for Best Costume Design and Best Art Direction-Set Decoration. It was nominated for other Academy Awards, including Best Picture, the Best Director and the Best Cinematography.

The movie was released in December of 1991.

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Matched (book)

***Matched*** is a 2010 dystopian novel by Ally Condie. The book was followed by two sequels, 'Crossed' and *Reached*.

*Matched* tells the story of seventeen-year-old Cassia Reyes. She lives in a world where at age seventeen, everyone is matched with who they will marry. In this world, people marry at age 21, have children at age 24, and die at age 80. However, despite being matched, Cassia finds that she loves someone else.
Nicole Eggert

**Nicole Eggert** (born January 13, 1972) is an American actress. She played Jamie Powell in the television series *Charles in Charge*. She played Summer Quinn in *Baywatch*.

Eggert was born in Glendale, California.

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Keystone species

as ecoengineer: their dams transform the environment]]
 is crucial to a kelp forest's survival.]]

A **keystone species** is a species which has a big effect on its environment relative to its numbers.  The ecosystem depends on them, and would be much changed if they were not there, such as **krill**. This is because they affect many other organisms in the ecosystem. They affect the types and numbers of other species in the community. 

Some sea stars (e.g. *Pisaster ochraceus*) prey on sea urchins, mussels, and other shellfish that have no other natural predators. If the sea star is removed from the ecosystem, the mussel population explodes uncontrollably. This drives out most other species. The urchin population grows likewise, and destroys coral reefs. Living coral reefs are the habitat for many hundreds of other species.

Some other examples of keystone species are the sea otter, horseshoe crab, and wolves. Sea otters and kelp depend on each other. Without the sea otter, sea urchins would destroy the kelp, and much else in the ecosystem. 

## References
Fire of Manisa

The **Fire of Manisa** refers to the burning of the city of Manisa, Turkey, by the Greek Army during the Greco-Turkish War (1919-1922). The city was burned between 5 and 8 September 1922. More than 10,000 buildings were destroyed, about 90 percent of the town. Thousands of people died in the flames or were shot dead by the Greeks. Turkish sources claim 4,355 died, and 300 girls were raped.

## Background
The city of Manisa was part of the Ottoman Empire, and Turks and Greeks lived there together. The Greeks wanted Manisa to become part of Greece. In May 1919, the Greek Army occupied the town. War continued between Greece and Turkey for three years.

## Events 
In the summer of 1922, Turkey defeated Greece. The Greeks fled across the Aegean Sea to Greece. During their retreat, the Greeks burned Turkish towns and villages. 

The local Turks fled to the mountains. Most of Manisa was destroyed although the city was later rebuilt. Some Turkish authors wrote about their experiences in Turkish literature.

## In Turkish literature 
Some Turkish authors wrote about their experiences in Turkish literature

The Turkish journalist Falih Rıfkı Atay wrote:

## References
Mel Patton

in 1948.]]

**Melvin Emery** "**Mel**" **Patton** (November 16, 1924 &ndash; May 9, 2014), nicknamed "'''World's Fastest Human**" and "**Pell Mell'''", was an American track and field athlete. He won two gold medals at the 1948 Summer Olympics in London, England. He was born in Los Angeles, California.

Patton died from cancer and diabetes issues on May 9, 2014 in Fallbrook, California, aged 89.

## References
## Other websites
* Mel Patton  at Sports Reference
Plant morphology

**Plant morphology** or **phytomorphology** is the study of the physical form and external structure of plants. This is usually considered distinct from plant anatomy, Plant morphology is useful in the visual identification of plants.

## References
Born on the Fourth of July

***Born on the Fourth of July*** is an American 1989 biographical movie. Ron Kovic is played by Tom Cruise. Kyra Sedgwick plays Donna. Holly Marie Combs plays Jenny. The movie is about the Vietnam War and veterans.

This movie was released on December 20, 1989. The movie got very positive reviews from movie critics. It made a lot of money.

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Death Becomes Her

***Death Becomes Her*** is a 1992 American fantasy and dark comedy movie. This movie is about a couple of childish rivals drinking a magic potion which promises eternal youth. Goldie Hawn plays Helen Sharp. Meryl Streep plays Madeline. Bruce Willis and Isabella Rossellini also star in the movie.

The movie received mixed reviews. It made over $149 million.

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The Hand That Rocks the Cradle

***The Hand That Rocks the Cradle*** is a 1992 American thriller movie. It was directed by Curtis Hanson.

## Plot 
It is about a psychopathic nanny who wants to take over the family of another woman, who she blames for the suicide of her husband (after he was accused of sexual assault by the protagonist), the miscarriage of her unborn baby and the loss of her house and wealth. 

## Cast 
* Rebecca De Mornay plays the antagonist Mrs Mott 
* Annabella Sciorra plays the protagonist Claire Bartel 
* Julianne Moore plays Claire's friend Marlene Craven 
* Matt McCoy plays Claire's husband Michael Bartel 
* Ernie Hudson plays Claire's neighbor Solomon 
* Madeline Zima plays Claire's daughter Emma Bartel 
* John de Lancie plays Mrs Mott's husband Dr. Victor Mott

## Release 
*The Hand That Rocks the Cradle* opened in January 1992. This movie got positive reviews. Its box office was also positive.

## Movie location 
Movie locations were Issaquah, Washington; Seattle, Washington (Mott's residence at 2502 37th Ave W in Seattle); and the Bartels' residence at 808 N. Yakima Ave. Tacoma, Washington.

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Charminar

The **Charminar** is a monument and mosque in Hyderabad, India. The structure was built in 1591 AD. It is the most famous building of Hyderabad and also one of the most famous buildings in India. It was built by Muhammad Quli Qutb Shahi to celebrate the end of a deadly plague. The Charminar lies near the bank of the river Musi. It is close to Laad Bazaar and Makkah Masjid. It is said that Quli Qutab Shah prayed for the end of the plague and vowed to build a mosque if it was eradicated. Mir Momin Astarabadi, the prime minister of Qutb Shah played an important role in the design and layout of Charminar and the city of Hyderabad. The structure is of Indo-Islamic architecture with some Persian elements.

## References
Hoffa

***Hoffa*** is a 1992 French-American biographical crime drama movie directed by Danny DeVito, written by David Mamet and starring Jack Nicholson as Jimmy Hoffa. It received mixed reviews.

## Cast
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Gram staining

*  gram-positive cocci (in purple) and *Escherichia coli* gram-negative bacilli (in red)]]

**Gram staining** (or *'Gram's method''') is a way of classifying bacteria into two large groups: gram-positive and gram-negative. The name comes from its inventor, Hans Christian Gram.

Gram's method stains bacteria according to the chemical and physical properties of their cell walls. First, a violet dye is put on the bacteria. This dye stains peptidoglycan, a thick layer that is only found in gram-positive bacteria. After the first stain, another stain (usually safranin or fuchsin) gives all gram-negative bacteria a red or pink colour.

The Gram stain is almost always the first step in the identification of a bacterial organism. However, not all bacteria can be classified by this technique. Bacteria for which the method does not work are called 'gram-variable' or 'gram-indeterminate'.

Gram developed the technique working with another scientist, Carl Friedländer in a hospital in Berlin. However, Gram first used the test to make bacteria in the lungs easier to see. He published his finished method in 1884.

## References
Blue Sky

***Blue Sky*** is a 1994 drama movie. The movie is about problems involving mental illness and job issues. Jessica Lange plays Carly. Tommy Lee Jones plays Hank Marshall. 

This movie got mostly positive reviews. It was released on September 16, 1994.

## References
Lady tasting tea

**Lady tasting tea** is the name of a famous randomized experiment designed by Ronald Fisher in 1935. The experiment is the original exposition of Fisher's notion of a null hypothesis. Fisher's description is less than ten pages long and is notable for its simplicity and completeness regarding terminology, calculations and design of the experiment. The example is loosely based on an event in Fisher's life. The lady in question was Muriel Bristol, and the test used was Fisher's exact test.

## The experiment
The lady in question claimed to be able to tell whether the tea or the milk was added first to a cup. Fisher proposed to give her eight cups, four of each variety, in random order. One could then ask what the probability was for her getting the number she got correct, but just by chance.

* The experiment provided the Lady with eight randomly ordered cups of tea – four prepared by first adding milk, the others prepared by first adding the tea.  She was to select the  four cups prepared by one method.
** The Lady could compare the taste of the cups
** The Lady was fully informed of the experimental method.
* The null hypothesis was that the Lady had no such ability.
** Note that in Fisher's approach, there is no alternative hypothesis; this is instead a feature of the Neyman–Pearson approach.
* The test statistic was a simple count of the number of successes in selecting the four cups.
* The null hypothesis distribution was computed by the number of permutations.  The number of selected permutations and the number of unselected permutations were equal.

* The critical region was the single case of four successes of four possible based on a conventional probability criterion (<&nbsp;5%; 1 of 70 ≈&nbsp;1.4%).

If and only if the Lady properly categorized all eight cups was Fisher willing to reject the null hypothesis – effectively acknowledging the Lady's ability at a 1.4% significance level (but without quantifying her ability).  Fisher later discussed the benefits of more trials and repeated tests.

David Salsburg The chance of someone who just guesses getting all correct, assuming she guesses that four had the tea put in first and four the milk, would be only 1 in 70 (the combinations of 8 taken 4 at a time).

In popular science, Salsburg published a book entitled *The Lady Tasting Tea*, which describes Fisher's experiment and ideas on randomization. Deb Basu wrote that "the famous case of the 'lady tasting tea'" was "one of the two supporting pillars . . . of the randomization analysis of experimental data".

## References
* 
* Basu D. (1980b). "The Fisher Randomization Test", reprinted with a new preface in *Statistical Information and Likelihood : A Collection of Critical Essays by Dr. D. Basu* ; J.K. Ghosh, editor. Springer 1988.
* 
* Salsburg D. (2002) *The Lady Tasting Tea: how statistics revolutionized science in the Twentieth Century* W.H. Freeman / Owl Book.
Vincent Chalvon-Demersay

**Vincent Chalvon-Demersay** is a French producer and executive producer. He is the creator of the animated series *Team Galaxy*, *Totally Spies*, *Martin Mystery* and *The Amazing Spiez!* He recently resigned as president of Marathon Media. He however still works at Marathon Media.

## Created series (Marathon Media)
* 1. Team Galaxy
* 2. The Amazing Spiez!
* 3. Martin Mystery
* 4. Monster Buster Club
* 5. Totally Spies!
* 6. Rekkit Rabbit
* 7. Blake and the Aliens
* 8. Lolirock

## References
Clarence Darrow

**Clarence Darrow **(April 18, 1857 – March 13, 1938) was an American lawyer and leading member of the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU). He was the son of Eddy and Amirus Darrow, a furniture manufacturer and dealer Amirus Darrow had originally trained as a minister,but just before his ordination he experienced a crisis of faith that led him to question the existence of God and the notion of life after death. Darrow briefly attended Allegheny College in Meadville, Pennsylvania, then taught school for several years before enrolling at the University of Michigan Law School.

He is known for the famous trials he worked on like the Scopes trial about teaching evolution in schools, and the Leopold and Loeb murder trial. Sometimes he was called a "sophisticated country lawyer". His humor during trials, and his willingness to support civil rights, made him a famous lawyer.

Darrow spent the remaining years of his life in near seclusion. He died of heart disease at the age of eighty, respected by some and despised by others as a colorful rebel who was always willing to take on unpopular causes in the firm belief that they were the right ones to back-regardless of their impact on his career and his finances.

## References
Lily Collins

**Lily Jane Collins** (born 18 March 1989) is an English  actress and model. She played Collins Tuohy in *The Blind Side*. She also played Rosie Dunne in *Love, Rosie* in 2014.

Collins was born in Surrey, England. She is the daughter of drummer Phil Collins.

## References
Alexandra Krosney

**Alexandra Benjamin Krosney** (born January 28, 1988) is an American movie and television actress. She played Kristin Baxter in the ABC sitcom *Last Man Standing*. She also played Cindy in *Barely Lethal*.

Krosney was born in Los Angeles.

## Other websites 
* 

## References
Leah Pipes

**Leah Marie Pipes** (born August 12, 1988) is an American actress. She played Sarah in the series *Cousin Sarah*. She also played Katie Clarke in *Life is Wild*.

Pipes was born in Los Angeles.

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Jimmy Ellis

**James Albert** "**Jimmy**" **Ellis** (February 24, 1940 &ndash; May 6, 2014) was an American heavyweight boxer. He is considered to be among the best boxers of all time. He held the WBA World Heavyweight Championship from 1968 to 1970.

Ellis was born in Louisville, Kentucky to a Christian family. He and wife Mary had six children (two sons and four daughters).

Ellis died from problems caused by dementia on May 6, 2014 at a hospital in Louisville, aged 74. He had lived with chronic traumatic encephalopathy for decades before he died. He had such a severe case of it that he had still thought his wife, who died in 2006, was still alive.

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Jacques Herlin

**Jacques Herlin** (17 August 1927 &ndash; 7 June 2014) was a French character actor. He was active from 1956 until his death. His acting career stated off as appearing in comedy movies such as *Don Camillo in Moscow* (1965), *Sexy Susan Sins Again* (1968) and *Property Is No Longer a Theft* (1973). His later movies were ''National Lampoon's European Vacation* (1985), *A Good Year* (2006), *Of Gods and Men* (2010) and *Farewell, My Queen'' (2012).

Herlin was born in Le Vésinet, Yvelines as **Jacques de Jouette**. Aside from French, he could speak English, German and Italian.

Herlin died on 7 June 2014 at a hospital in Paris, aged 86.

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Billy Bathgate

***Billy Bathgate*** is a 1989 novel by author E. L. Doctorow that won the 1989 National Book Critics Circle award for fiction for 1990, the 1990 PEN/Faulkner Award for Fiction, the 1990 William Dean Howells Medal, and was the runner up for the 1990 Pulitzer Prize and the 1989 National Book Award. The story is told in the first person by Billy "Bathgate" Behan, a fifteen-year-old boy who first becomes the gofer and then surrogate son of mobster Dutch Schultz.

## References
Mary McDonnell

**Mary Eileen McDonnell** (born April 28, 1952) is an American movie, theatre and television actress. 

She got Academy Award nominations for her roles as Stands With A Fist in *Dances with Wolves* and May-Alice Culhane in *Passion Fish*.

McDonnell is well known for her performances as President Laura Roslin in *Battlestar Galactica*, First Lady Marilyn Whitmore in *Independence Day*, and Rose in *Donnie Darko*.

She featured as Captain Sharon Raydor during seasons 5–7 of the TNT series *The Closer* and starred as Commander Sharon Raydor in the spin-off series *Major Crimes* on the same network.

In 2023, she had a main role as Madeleine Usher in the horror limited series *The Fall of the House of Usher* by Netflix.

She was born in Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania.

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Judith Godrèche

**Judith Godrèche** (also **Judith Goldreich**; born March 23, 1972) is a French actress and author. She has acted in over thirty movies. In *The Art of Love*, she played Amèlie. In *Stoker* (2013), she played Doctor Jacquin.

## Early life
Godrèche was born in Paris, the daughter of two psychotherapists. Her paternal grandparents were Holocaust survivors from Poland, who changed their name from Goldreich. Godrèche left school at age 15, settling into a long-term relationship with older director Benoît Jacquot.

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Sakari Momoi

was a Japanese educator and supercentenarian, verified as the oldest living Japanese man from Jokichi Ikarashi's death on 23 July 2013 and the world's oldest living man from the death of Polish-born American chemist Alexander Imich, who was just a day older, on 8 June 2014 until his own death at age 112 years, 150 days.

Momoi worked as teacher of chemistry at secondary schools in Fukushima and Saitama, and served as rector of Hanawa Fukushima Prefectural Technical High School 1948 to 1951 and Saitama Prefectural Yono High School 1953 to 1959.

Momoi was recognized by Guinness World Records as the oldest living man on 20 August 2014, and said he wanted to live longer, at least two years more. He died of kidney failure on 5 July 2015 and was succeeded as the oldest living man by Yasutaro Koide, also a Japanese man.

## References
Louis de Funès

**Louis de Funès** (born **Louis Germain David de Funès de Galarza**; 31 July 1914 – 27 January 1983) was a popular French actor and comedian. He is known for working with Bourvil and Fernandel. He was also a movie director. He appeared in over 200 movies since his career began in 1945.

He died from a massive stroke in Nantes, Loire-Atlantique, France, aged 68.

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Colleen Moore

**Kathleen Harrison** (aka **Colleen Moore**; August 19, 1899 – January 25, 1988) was an American movie actress. She had most of her success in the silent era. Moore played Ruth in *The Bad Boy*. She also played Mary in *Her Bridal Nightmare*. Her career lasted until 1934.

From 1928 to 1935, Moore worked with about 100 people to make a very small "Fairy Castle." It is now a regular exhibit at The Museum of Science and Industry in Chicago.

Moore was born in Port Huron, Michigan. She died of cancer in Paso Robles, California at 88.

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Ella Raines

**Ella Raines** (August 6, 1920 – May 30, 1988) was an American movie and television actress. She played Carol Richman in the movie *Phantom Lady*. She also played Arly in the movie *Tall in the Saddle*. 

Raines was born in Snoqualmie Falls, Washington. She died in Sherman Oaks, Los Angeles, California from throat cancer, aged 67.

## Other websites 
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