open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Frankétienne

**Frankétienne** (born '''Jean-Pierre Basilic Dantor Franck Étienne d'Argent'''; 12 April 1936 – 20 February 2025) was a Haitian novelist, poet, playwright, and painter. He was seen as Haiti's best known writers and playwrights. He was known as the "father of Haitian letters". He was known for writing the first novel to be written entirely in Haitian Creole.

## Career
His first novel, *Mûr à crever*, was published in 1968. Frankétienne's novel, *Dézafi* (1975), was the first novel written entirely in Haitian Creole. It was an allegory about slavery and political oppression.

## Death
Frankétienne died in Port-au-Prince, Haiti on 20 February 2025, at the age of 88. 

## Some works
* *Au Fil du Temps* (1964)
* ''H'Eros-Chimères* (2002)
* *Désastre (12 janvier 2010)*, painting
* *Difficile émergence vers la lumière'', painting

## References
1911 Belgium–Netherlands women's fencing meeting

The '''1911 Netherlands–Belgium women's fencing meeting''' was an international fencing gala assaut organized by the Ladies Fencing Club at the  Verbrugge Fencing Academy in Antwerp, Belgium. It took place on 10 December 1911 with Dutch women's fencers of Salle De Vos from the Hague competing against fencers of Ladies Fencing Club from Antwerp.

It was a return event of the two nations, after the 1911 Netherlands–Belgium women's fencing meeting earlier the year.

The event contributed to the progress of international women's fencing and according to reports women's fencing was showing that it was closing the gap with men's fencing.

## Background
While fencing was already practiced by women during the 19th century, fencing was in this era a male-dominated sport. This fencing competition was one of the earliest international fencing competition in the history of women's fencing; after the 1910 England–Belgium women's fencing competition and 1911 England–Holland women's fencing competitions.

## Organization
As the M. Cnoops, president of the Cercle de l'epée, couldn't attend the meeting; the event was chaired by colonel Georges Lecrecq. However, Cnoops sent a bunch of flowers to all the participants.
A total of twelve bouts were contested during the event.

In the evening the participants had a gala banquet at Paon Royal. After that the Dutch team returned home.

## Response
The Belgian media wrote very positively about the meeting. *Le Matin* used phrases as a "*very nice fencing session*" and a "*beautiful fencing demonstration*". ''L'Indépendance Belge'' praised the beauty of the matches and reported about the progress of women's fencing with closing the gap with men's fencing.

The event was also reported positively in the Dutch media. Newspaper *De Avondpost* wrote about *"very nice matches"* and a "*successful assault*".

## References
Geneviève Page

**Geneviève Page** (; born **Geneviève Bonjean**; 13 December 1927 – 14 February 2025) was a French actress. She was born in Paris. She retired in 2003.

Her first movie role was in *Pas de pitié pour les femmes* (1951). She later appeared in *Foreign Intrigue* (1956), *Song Without End* (1960), *El Cid* (1961), *Grand Prix* (1966), *Belle de Jour* (1967) and *Mayerling* (1968).

Page was also cast in Billy Wilder's *The Private Life of Sherlock Holmes* (1970). She appeared in Robert Altman's *Beyond Therapy* (1987).

Page died in Paris on 14 February 2025, at the age of 97.

## References
## Other websites
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Final Destination

***Final Destination*** is an American horror franchise that includes five movies, ten novels, and two comic books. It is based on an unproduced spec script by Jeffrey Reddick, originally written for *The X-Files* television series and was released by New Line Cinema. 

All of its films are about a small group of people who escape death after one person has a random premonition and warns them about a major disaster that is about to happen. After avoiding their deaths seen in the visions, the survivors are later killed one by one in weird random accidents caused by an unseen force. 

## Movies
## References
Brec Bassinger

**Brec Marie Bassinger** (born May 25, 1999) is an American actress. She is known for her roles as Emma in the Nickelodeon series *The Haunted Hathaways*, Bella Dawson in the Nickelodeon series *Bella and the Bulldogs* and as Courtney Whitmore / Stargirl in the superhero television series *Stargirl*.

## References
## Other websites
*
Navid Jamshidi

**Navid Jamshidi** was born on October 26, 1983, in Tehran, Iran. He is an independent journalist and the editor-in-chief of *Asia* newspaper in Iran.

## Detention by the government 
Navid Jamshidi has been arrested several times due to his journalism work. His arrests are linked to his reports and editorial activities in *Asia* newspaper. Each time, he was detained by authorities and faced legal charges related to freedom of speech and press. His cases have drawn attention from media and human rights organizations.

## References
Ali Larter

**Alison Elizabeth Larter** (born February 28, 1976) is an American actress and former model. She played a fictional model, Allegra Coleman, in a 1996 *Esquire* magazine hoax and took on guest roles on several television shows in the 1990s. Her roles in the horror movies *House on Haunted Hill* (1999) and in the *Final Destination* movies (2000–2003) made her a scream queen.

## References
## Other websites
* 
*
Jacqueline MacInnes Wood

**Jacqueline MacInnes Wood** (born 17 April 1987) is a Canadian actress, musician, model and television personality. She is best known for playing the fashion executive and heiress Steffy Forrester Finnegan on the CBS soap opera *The Bold and the Beautiful*, for which she won the Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Drama Series three times in 2019, 2021, and 2023. She also played Olivia Castle in the 2011 horror movie *Final Destination 5*.

## References
## Other websites
*
Devon Sawa

**Devon Edward Sawa** (born September 7, 1978) is a Canadian actor. He is known for his horror roles in the movie *Final Destination* and in the USA Network & Syfy horror series *Chucky*. He also played the title character of the Eminem music video "Stan" and played Owen Elliot in The CW action spy drama series *Nikita*.

Sawa was born on September 7, 1978 in Vancouver, Canada.

## References
## Other websites
*
Chucky (TV series)

***Chucky*** is an American horror comedy television series created by Don Mancini. It is the eighth main installment of the ''Child's Play* franchise. It is a sequel to *Cult of Chucky'' (2017), the seventh movie in the franchise.

## Cast
It stars Brad Dourif as the voice of the title character, alongside Zackary Arthur, Björgvin Arnarson, Alyvia Alyn Lind, Teo Briones, and Devon Sawa. The cast also includes Fiona Dourif, Alex Vincent, Christine Elise, Jennifer Tilly, and Billy Boyd returning to their roles from previous movies.

## Plot
The series is about Chucky as he commits a series of mysterious murders in Hackensack, New Jersey. 

## Release
The series premiered on Syfy and the USA Network on October 12, 2021. It has received generally positive reviews from critics. 

In November 2021, the series was renewed for a second season, which premiered on October 5, 2022. In January 2023, the series was renewed for a third season, which premiered on October 4, 2023, and was aired in two parts, with the second half premiering on April 10, 2024.

## Notes
## References
Margo Stilley

**Margo Stilley** (born November 20, 1982) is an American actress. She is known for her role as Lisa in the 2004 British romantic drama movie *9 Songs*. She also appeared in *How to Lose Friends & Alienate People* (2008), *Marple: Murder Is Easy* (2009), *Hippie Hippie Shake* (2009), *The Trip* (2010), and *The Royals* (2016).

Stilley was born in Conway, South Carolina, and grew up between there and Swansboro, North Carolina.

## References
## Other websites
* 
*
Swansboro, North Carolina

**Swansboro** is a resort town in Onslow County, North Carolina, United States. The population was 3,744 at the 2020 census.

## References
Roberto Orci

**Roberto Gaston Orcí** (July 20, 1973 – February 25, 2025) was a Mexican-American movie and television screenwriter and producer. He was known for his works with Alex Kurtzman and J. J. Abrams. With Abrams, Orci created the series *Fringe*. He was known for writing the screenplays of *Mission: Impossible III* and both *Star Trek* and *Star Trek Into Darkness*.

Orci died from kidney disease at his home in Los Angeles, California on February 25, 2025, at the age of 51.

## References
## Other websites
*
Bonneville, Utah

The salt flats of **Bonneville, Utah** are an over 30,000 mile stretch of flat ground. This site is often used for testing high-performance automobiles and setting land speed records. The Pontiac Bonneville gets its name from this location.

The salt flats of Bonneville were formed from the drying up of Lake Bonneville, which the Great Salt Lake is a leftover from. The name is originated from French, with "bon" meaning "good" in English and "ville" meaning "city" in English. Despite what the name may imply, the location was not titled by its alleged great society, but is instead named after U.S. Army officer Benjamin Bonneville. Bonneville himself did not discover the area, nor is it even likely that he even saw it. A traveler and cartographer he employed named Joseph Reddedford gave the flats their current title.

## References
Only When I Sleep

"**Only When I Sleep**" is a 1997 song by Irish band The Corrs and is the leading single from their second studio album *Talk on Corners*. It went to number 58 in the United Kingdom, number 47 in Scotland, number 10 in Ireland, number 1 in Spain and number 34 in Australia.

## Track listings
* **UK and Japanese CD single**
# "Only When I Sleep" (radio edit) – 3:50
# "Only When I Sleep" (LP version) – 4:23
# "Remember" – 4:02
# "Only When I Sleep" (instrumental) – 4:23

* **UK cassette single**
# "Only When I Sleep" (radio edit) – 3:50
# "Remember" – 4:02

* **French and Benelux CD single**
# "Only When I Sleep" (radio edit) – 3:50
# "Only When I Sleep" (LP version) – 4:23
# "Only When I Sleep" (instrumental) – 4:23

## References
Qa'a

'''Qa'a''', also known as Qáa or Ka'a, was the last king of Egypt's First Dynasty. His name means "his arm is raised." He ruled for 33 years at the end of the 30th century BC. A historian named Manetho called him Biénechês and said he ruled for 26 years. Different versions of Manetho's writings give him other names like Óubiênthis and Víbenthis.

Qa'a's parents are unknown, but it is believed his father was either Anedjib or Semerkhet, the kings before him. If Manetho is correct, Semerkhet was his father. Not much is known about Qa'a's rule, but it seems he ruled for a long time, around 33 years. Evidence of a second Sed festival, which was usually held after 30 years of rule, supports this. The Palermo Stone, an ancient record, mentions his coronation and some religious events. Many ivory tags from his time describe burial offerings and the king's personal items.

Several high officials from Qa'a's reign have been found, including Merka, Henuka, Neferef, and Sabef. Despite his long and successful rule, after Qa'a's death, there was a fight for the throne. In the tomb of Merka, a stone vessel with the name "Sneferka" was found. It is unclear if Sneferka was another name for Qa'a or a different, short-lived king. Some experts think Sneferka and another mysterious ruler, "Horus Bird," fought for power. Hotepsekhemwy, who started the Second Dynasty, might have ended this fight. Evidence of grave robberies and fires in royal tombs supports this idea. Hotepsekhemwy's seals found in Qa'a's tomb suggest he might have buried Qa'a to legitimize his rule.

Qa'a's tomb in Abydos is large, measuring 98.5 x 75.5 feet (30 x 23 meters). It was excavated in 1993 and contained 26 satellite burials. A seal with Hotepsekhemwy's name was found near the tomb entrance, suggesting he buried Qa'a. Qa'a's tomb stela is now displayed at the University of Pennsylvania Museum.

Merka, a nobleman under Qa'a, had a tomb in Saqqara with a stele listing many titles. The second Sed festival and high-quality royal steles indicate Qa'a's reign was stable and prosperous. Year labels from his rule were found at Umm el-Qa'ab in Abydos. Qa'a is believed to have ruled around 2916 BCE. A dish with his name and titles was found in the tomb of Seth-Peribsen, a Second Dynasty pharaoh.

## References 
* https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Manetho/History_of_Egypt/1*.html
* Peter Clayton, Chronicle of the Pharaohs, Thames & Hudson Ltd, 2006 paperback p.25; the tomb is now fully published: Eva-Maria Engel: ''Das Grab des Qa'a: Architektur und Inventar'', Wiesbaden 2017 ISBN 978-3447108768
Final Destination 5

***Final Destination 5*** is a 2011 American 3D supernatural horror movie directed by Steven Quale and written by Eric Heisserer. It is a prequel to *Final Destination* (2000). It is the fifth movie in the *Final Destination* movie series. It stars Nicholas D'Agosto, Emma Bell, Miles Fisher, Arlen Escarpeta, David Koechner, and Tony Todd with P. J. Byrne.

The movie is about a young man who has a premonition and saves a group of people from death when a suspension bridge begins to collapse. However, Death begins to hunt and kill them one-by-one.

*Final Destination 5* was theatrically released on August 12, 2011, and on DVD on December 27, 2011, by Warner Bros. Pictures and New Line Cinema. The movie had mixed reviews from critics. A sixth movie, *Final Destination Bloodlines*, is scheduled to be released in 2025.

## References
Flying High Again

"*Flying High Again*'" is a 1981 song by English heavy metal singer Ozzy Osbourne and was taken from his second studio album *Diary of a Madman*. It was written by Ozzy Osbourne and Randy Rhoads.

## References
Tryin' to Throw Your Arms Around the World

"'''Tryin' to Throw Your Arms Around the World'*" is a 1991 song by Irish rock band U2 and is the ninth track from their seventh studio album *Achtung Baby''. It was played on the Zoo TV Tour during 1992 and 1993.

## References
The Queen and Me

"**The Queen and Me**" is a 1982 song by Australian pop rock band Mondo Rock and is the second single from their third studio album *Nuovo Mondo*. It went to number 40 in Australia.

## Track listing 
# "The Queen and Me" (Eric McCusker) - 3:21
# "Domination" (Ross Wilson, James Black, Paul Christie) - 4:25

## References
Edward de Souza

**Edward James de Souza** (born 4 September 1932) is a British character actor. He retired in 2014. He Colin Grimshaw in the soap opera *Coronation Street* from 2008 to 2009. In 1977, he played Sheik Hosein in the James Bond movie *The Spy Who Loved Me*.

## References
## Other websites
*
Shrinking (TV series)

***Shrinking*** is an American comedy drama television series created by Bill Lawrence, Jason Segel, and Brett Goldstein. The series is about a grieving therapist who decides to become more involved in his patients' lives. Harrison Ford, Jessica Williams, Christa Miller, Michael Urie, Luke Tennie, Lukita Maxwell, and Ted McGinley also star.

The series premiered on January 27, 2023, on Apple TV+. It has received positive reviews. 

## References
Final Destination Bloodlines

***Final Destination Bloodlines*** is an American supernatural horror movie directed by Zach Lipovsky. It is the sixth movie in the *Final Destination* movie series. It stars Kaitlyn Santa Juana, Teo Briones, Richard Harmon, Owen Patrick Joyner, Rya Kihlstedt, Anna Lore, Brec Bassinger, and Tony Todd.

The movie is about a college student experiencing an ongoing nightmare that predicts her family's death and returning home to find the person who can stop it.

The movie was released in the United States by Warner Bros. Pictures on May 16, 2025.

## References
Quinta Brunson

**Quinta Brunson** (; born December 21, 1989) is an American actress, comedian, writer, and producer. She is best known for creating, executive producing, co-writing and starring as second-grade teacher Janine Teagues in the ABC comedy series *Abbott Elementary* (2021–present). For her work on *Abbott Elementary*, Brunson won two Primetime Emmy Awards and a Golden Globe Award.

## Awards
At the 74th Primetime Emmy Awards, she became the first Black woman to be nominated three times in the comedy category, winning at the Outstanding Writing for a Comedy Series category. At the 75th ceremony, she became the first Black woman to win Outstanding Lead Actress in a Comedy in over 40 years. Brunson was honored with a 2022 Peabody Award for her work on *Abbott Elementary*.

## References
## Other websites
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Abbott Elementary

***Abbott Elementary*** is an American mockumentary sitcom television series created by Quinta Brunson for ABC. It stars Brunson, Tyler James Williams, Janelle James, Lisa Ann Walter, Chris Perfetti, William Stanford Davis, and Sheryl Lee Ralph.

The series premiered on December 7, 2021 to positive reviews from critics. The show has been nominated for 24 Primetime Emmy Awards, winning four including Outstanding Lead Actress in a Comedy Series for Brunson. *Abbott Elementary* has also won three Golden Globe Awards, with acting wins for Brunson and Williams and the Golden Globe Award for Best Television Series – Musical or Comedy in 2023. 

In January 2023, the series was renewed for a third season, which premiered on February 7, 2024 and season four was released on October 9, 2024.

On January 21, 2025, it was announced that *Abbott Elementary* was renewed for a fifth season.

## References
9 Songs

***9 Songs*** is a 2004 British art romantic drama movie written and directed by Michael Winterbottom. The movie stars Kieran O'Brien and Margo Stilley. 

The movie was controversial when it was released because of its sexual content. There were scenes in the movie that included actual footage of the two leads, Kieran O'Brien and Margo Stilley, having sexual intercourse and performing oral sex as well as a scene of ejaculation.

## Cast
* Kieran O'Brien as Matt
* Margo Stilley as Lisa

## Plot
The movie is about a British young man Matt and an American exchange student Lisa falling in love after meeting at a Black Rebel Motorcycle Club concert. Throughout the movie, Matt narrates the relationship from the future, where he is a climatologist in Antarctica. The movie is mainly about Matt and Lisa's relationship and sexual journey together told by nine different songs.

### The nine songs
# "Whatever Happened to My Rock and Roll", Black Rebel Motorcycle Club
# "C'mon, C'mon", The Von Bondies
# "Fallen Angel", Elbow
# "Movin' on Up", Primal Scream
# "You Were the Last High", The Dandy Warhols
# "Slow Life", Super Furry Animals
# "Jacqueline", Franz Ferdinand
# "Debbie", Michael Nyman
# "Love Burns", Black Rebel Motorcycle Club

## Release
The movie was showed at the Cannes Film Festival. *9 Songs* holds a score of 24% on Rotten Tomatoes based on 97 reviews with an average rating of 4.38/10. The movie overall had negative reviews.

Because of the intense sexual scenes of the movie, the release of it caused a debate over whether the scenes of explicit sex artistically were part of the movie's meaning or crossed the border into pornography. In the United Kingdom, the movie received an 18 certificate from the British Board of Film Classification and became the most explicit mainstream movie to be so rated in the country. MP Ann Widdecombe complained about the movie in the UK House of Commons and calling on the Home Secretary to reverse the decision to release it uncensored.

## References
Just a Dream (Carrie Underwood song)

"**Just a Dream**" is a song by American singer Carrie Underwood from her second studio album, *Carnival Ride* (2007).

## Music video
The music video for "Just a Dream" was directed by Roman White.

It premiered on CMT on August 15, 2008.

The video debuted at number 19 on CMT's *Top 20 Countdown* for the week of August 15, 2008.

The video peaked at number 1 on CMT's *Top Twenty Countdown* for seven consecutive weeks.

## References
Brett Goldstein

**Brett Goldstein** (born 17 July 1980) is an English actor, comedian, writer, producer, and podcaster. He is known for his role as Roy Kent in the Apple TV+ sports comedy series *Ted Lasso*. He won two Primetime Emmy Awards for each of the first two seasons. He is also the co-creator of the comedy series *Shrinking* (2023).

Goldstein was born on 17 July 1980 in the Sutton suburb of London, to a British Jewish family. He was educated at Sevenoaks School. He later went to the University of Warwick.

## References
## Other websites
*
Songwriters Hall of Fame

The **Songwriters Hall of Fame** (**SHOF**) was founded in 1969 by songwriter Johnny Mercer, music publisher/songwriter Abe Olman, and publisher/executive Howie Richmond to honor songwriters.

The Hall of Fame was formed in 1969, and in 2010, an exhibit was put on display online inside the Grammy Museum at L.A. Live in Los Angeles. The Hall has no permanent place of residence, and because the awards are not televised, there would be no other digital recording of the event.

## References
Musée des arts et métiers

**Musée des arts et métiers** is a museum in the 3rd arrondissement of Paris, France. It was created on 1974. It has the Foucault pendulum.

## References 
## Other websites
* Official site 
* Official site
Call Me When You Break Up

"**Call Me When You Break Up**" is a song by American singer-songwriter Selena Gomez, American record producer Benny Blanco, and American singer-songwriter Gracie Abrams. 

The song is part of Gomez and Blanco's shared album *I Said I Love You First*. Gomez and Abrams wrote the song with Dylan Brady, Julia Michaels, Justin Tranter, Mattias Larsson, Robin Fredriksson, Cashmere Cat and Blanco who also produced the song along with Cashmere Cat and Dylan Brady. 

The song was released for download and streaming on February 20, 2025.

## References
Zero Day (American TV series)

***Zero Day*** is an American political thriller television series created by Eric Newman, Noah Oppenheim, and Michael Schmidt for Netflix. It was directed by Lesli Linka Glatter. It stars Robert De Niro, Lizzy Caplan, Jesse Plemons, Joan Allen, Connie Britton, Bill Camp, Dan Stevens, McKinley Belcher III and Angela Bassett with Matthew Modine.  It is about a former U.S. President investigating a cyberattack in the United States. The series was released on Netflix on February 20, 2025 to mixed reviews.

## References
The Final Destination

***The Final Destination*** (also known as ***Final Destination 4***) is a 2009 American 3D supernatural horror movie directed by David R. Ellis and written by Eric Bress. It is the fourth movie in the *Final Destination* movie series. It stars Bobby Campo, Shantel VanSanten, and Mykelti Williamson. 

The movie is about a group of people after they escape a deadly accident during a stock car race, with Death stalking and killing them one by one.

*The Final Destination* was theatrically released on August 28, 2009, by Warner Bros. Pictures and New Line Cinema. It received negative reviews from critics. The following movie in the franchise, *Final Destination 5*, was released in August 2011.

## References
List of universities in the United Kingdom

## England 
### "Oxbridge" 
:* University of Cambridge
:* University of Oxford
### London 
* London School of Economics (LSE)

## Northern Ireland 
* Queen's University Belfast
Problem of the criterion

The **problem of the criterion** is an issue in epistemology about the starting point of knowledge. It is considered a separate but more fundamental issue than the regress argument found in discussions on proving that some knowledge is true.

## History
### Classical antiquity
In Western philosophy, the earliest surviving document of the problem of the criterion was written by Pyrrhonist philosopher Sextus Empiricus (b. 2nd century AD).

### Modern period
American philosopher Roderick Chisholm detailed the problem of the criterion with two sets of questions in the *Theory of Knowledge*: 

# What do we know? or What is the extent of our knowledge?
# How do we know? or What is the criterion for deciding whether we have knowledge in any particular case?

## Related pages
* Logic
* Philosophy of mind
* *Principia Mathematica*
* Ancient Greek philosophy

## References
Moot

**Moot** is an English word with multiple meanings, particularly in the field of law. for debates in Anglo-Saxon England and the Middle Ages

## Law
* A hypothetical case created for the purpose of debate
* A legal question that no longer needs to be handled because something has happened and resolved the matter

## References
Modern Hungary Movement

The **Modern Hungary Movement** (Hungarian: *Modern Magyarország Mozgalom*) was a liberal-conservative political party in Hungary between 2013 and 2019.
Hungarian National Socialist Party

The **Hungarian National Socialist Party** () was a Nazi party in Hungary. For the first time in history, this party united nearly all Nazi political initiatives in the country.

## History
The party was established on October 24, 1937, through the merger of seven far-right parties and groups. This event was publicly declared at an event held on the same day at the Buda Vigadó. Szálasi regarded this as a tremendous success and harbored grand plans: it appeared that the international situation – marked by the successes of Hitler’s Germany and the retreat of Western democracies – was also favorable to Hungarism.

## Resources
* Brief party history, vokscentrum.hu
National Socialist Hungarian Workers' Party

The '''National Socialist Hungarian Workers' Party'* (Hungarian: *Nemzeti Szocialista Magyar Munkáspárt'', **NSZMP**) was a Nazi party founded by Zoltán Böszörmény. It operated between May 2, 1932, and June 3, 1936. This party was active in Hungary during a time when far-right ideas were growing in Europe. Its leader, aimed to spread Nazi beliefs, inspired by similar movements like the Nazis in Germany. The party tried to gain support among Hungarian workers and farmers but was eventually banned by the government in 1936 due to its extreme views and actions. It was a small but notable part of Hungary's political scene before World War II.

## History 
The party was the first Hungarian Nazi party to gain significant social support. The organization was initially established around 1930–1931, but actual organizing efforts only began at the very end of 1931. After the Hungarian Royal Interior Minister, Ferenc Keresztes-Fischer, banned the swastika in September 1933 as the official symbol of the Third Reich in Hungary, the party began using the scythe cross instead. The party was banned on June 3, 1936.

## Resources 
* Zoltán Paksy: The formation, activities and social base of the Hungarian National Socialist movements in Transdanubia (PhD dissertation, University of Pécs, Faculty of Humanities)
* Encyclopedia of Hungarian Political Parties 1846-2010, Budapest, Gondolat Publishing House, 2011. , 234-235. he.
* Kálmán Szakács: Grim Reapers, Kossuth, Budapest. , 1963

## References
Ahmed Al-Kaf

**Ahmed Abu Bakar Said Al-Kaf** (; born 6 March 1983) is an Omani professional football referee. He has been a full international for FIFA since 2010. He has served as the referee of numerous matches, such as the 2016 AFC Champions League final between Jeonbuk Hyundai Motors and Al Ain FC, the second round of the 2018 AFC Champions League Final.

## Early career 
Ahmed Al-Kaf was born on March 6, 1983, in Oman. After receiving his FIFA license in 2010, he started officiating various international matches. Al-Kaf served as the referee of the AFC Champions League final twice. He served as the referee for the 2016 AFC Champions League final match between South Korean team Jeonbuk Hyundai Motors and Emirati team Al Ain. In the second round of the 2018 AFC Champions League Final, Al-Kaf served as the referee. Throughout his career, Al-Kaf has officiated 114 matches, and he has handed out a total of 343 yellow cards and 10 red cards. The Football Association of Thailand sent a letter to the Asian Football Confederation, questioning Al-Kaf's fairness during the match.

### 2026 FIFA World Cup qualifier rulings
On 10 October 2024, Al-Kaf was again questioned after he was accused of making biased decisions in the match between Bahrain and Indonesia in the 2026 World Cup qualification, including allowing the game to go on for nine additional minutes, despite six minutes originally being given. This led to Mohamed Marhoon scoring a 2&ndash;2 equalizer with only 20 seconds remaining. In response, defender Shayne Pattynama nearly started a fight with Bahraini team members, leading to the referee team being led off the field by security. Indonesian netizens challenged Al-Kaf's ruling by saying "90+6=99", which became an inside joke within the football community. The Football Association of Indonesia (PSSI) sent a complaint letter to FIFA, with executive member Arya Sinulingga saying "[Al-Kaf] extended the adding time just to allow Bahrain to score an equalizer".

The Oman Football Association would later condemn the "use of threatening and intimidating language" towards Al-Kaf by Indonesian fans, defending the Omani referee team while claiming that the association was looking into the incident with the relevant authorities. The Indonesian FA later requested the AFC to assign referees from neutral zones for the World Cup qualifiers.
## References
Garforth

**Garforth** is a town in West Yorkshire, England. It is part of the City of Leeds borough. Garforth is directly located to the east of Leeds city centre, separated from the city centre and its suburbs by the M1 Motorway which passes the town to the west and north. The town had a population of just over 15,000 residents in the 2021 United Kingdom Census. 

## History 
Garforth is mentioned in the Domesday Book in 1086, it is referred to as "Gereford" and later "Gereforde". Its name is thought to originate from the Norse words, gara (triangular plot of land) and ford (ford). Until the 19th Century, it was a small village mainly producing agriculture. However, during the Industrial Revolution. Garforth grew into a coal mining town with many mines and factories surrounding the town and more workers moving to the town looking for work and a place to live.

## St Mary's Church 
St. Mary's Church is a Grade II listed building and an active place of worship for the local Christian community of the town. It was built in 1844 and designed by George Fowler Jones. Jones built the church in Gothic Revival architecture. It was granted Grade II listed building status.

## Transport 
Garforth is served by East Garforth railway station on the railway line from Leeds to York. There is also regular buses between the town and Leeds.

## Sports 
The town has its own football team, Garforth Town Association Football Club. The team are members of the Northern Premier League Division One East.

## Localities of the town 
The town has three neighborhoods including:

* East Garforth - located to the northeast of the town centre. East Garforth is the location of East Garforth railway station and is also home to numerous industrial estates and residential areas.

* Sturton Grange - Located to the east of Garforth. It is the location of the GXO Garforth Logistics Centre.
* West Garforth - located to the west of the town centre, West Garforth is mostly made up of residential properties and farmland.

## References
Dennis Lancet

The **Dennis Lancet** was a chassis of a bus and a body of a bus. It had a step-entrance. It was made from 1981 to 1991 by Dennis.

Tillingbourne Bus Company, Merseyside PTE, Northern Scottish, Blackpool Transport, Portsmouth, Merthyr Tydfil and Taff-Ely ordered Lancets.

In 1982, Dennis made the Lancet with a wheelchair lift in the middle of the bus. Leicester Citybus and West Midlands Passenger Transport Executive ordered three of these.

In 1984, Lancets were exported to Bermuda and South Africa.

In 1991, the Lancet was replaced by the Dennis Javelin.

## References
## Other websites
*
Farsley

**Farsley** is a suburban village in West Yorkshire, England. It is part of the City of Leeds borough. Farlsey is directly located to the northeast of Bradford city centre and northwest of Leeds city centre. The town of Pudsey is to the south and the town of Horsforth is to the north of the village.

## History 
Farsley is mentioned in the Domesday Book in 1086, it is mentioned as a part of the manor of Calverley and Farsley. The village is believed to have historical ties to the Anglo-Saxons. The area around the village was largely undeveloped until the 19th century, following the Industrial Revolution. When multiple coal mines and factories developed on the land around the village. 

## Transport 
Farsley is served by New Pudsey railway station on the railway line between Bradford and Leeds. There are also regular buses passing through the village connecting it to Leeds, Bradford, Pudsey and Horsforth.

## Churches 
The village is home to three churches which include:

* St John's Church - A Grade II listed place of worship, it dates back to the 1842 and has been the villages parish church for centuries. 
* The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints - A church for the local mormon community.
* Farsley Community Church - A small church used by both the local Christian community and residents.

## Amenities 
The villages main local amenities are located on Town Street and Old Road. The nearest hospitals and educational institutions are in Leeds, Bradford and Pudsey.

## References
Bluebuck

The **bluebuck** (Afrikaans: **bloubok** also known as the **blue antelope** ('*Hippotragus leucophaeus*) is an extinct species of antelope that lived in South Africa until around 1800. It was smaller than the other two species in its genus *Hippotragus,* the roan antelope and sable antelope. The bluebuck was sometimes considered a subspecies of the roan antelope, but a study has confirmed it as a distinct species.
During the Late Pleistocene, the bluebuck was common across South Africa, but by the time Europeans encountered the bluebuck in the 17th century, it was already uncommon, perhaps due to its preferred grassland habitat having been reduced to a 4,300-square-kilometre (1,700 sq mi) area, along the southern coast of South Africa
The first published mention of the bluebuck is from 1681, and few descriptions of the animal were written while it existed
Hunted by European settlers, the bluebuck became extinct around 1800; it was the first historically recorded species of large African mammal to face extinction. Only four mounted skins remain, in museums in Leiden, Stockholm, Vienna, and Paris, along with horns and possible bones in various museums.
Omdurman

**Omdurman** is a major city in Sudan. It is the second most populous city in the country. It is located in the State of Khartoum. Omdurman lies on the west bank of the River Nile. 

The name Omdurman (*Umm Durmān*) literally translates as "Mother of Durmān", but who she was or might have been is unknown.

## References
2025 Sudanese Air Force Antonov An-26 crash

On 25 February 2025, a Sudanese Air Force plane crashed into a residential area after takeoff. The Antonov An-26 crashed into a residential area near Wadi Seidna Air Base in Omdurman, Sudan because of an unknown mechanical failure. At least 46 deaths have been confirmed by Sudanese officials.

## References
Template:Aviation accidents and incidents in 2025
Volvo Island

**Volvo Island**  is a small artificial island in a flooded strip mine near Ottawa, Illinois, USA. It is named after its only occupant, a 2001 Volvo S80 sedan, which has been there since January 2012, making it a unique local landmark.

## History 
Volvo Island was created by Scott Mann, an Ottawa resident and car repair shop owner. The site was once a mine that later filled with water, forming a lake. In early 2012, Mann placed a car on a peninsula using a tow truck, then used an excavator to remove the connecting land, isolating the car on its own small island.

Scott Mann initially planned a contest for people to guess how the Volvo was placed on the island but abandoned the idea due to safety concerns. Despite this, he proceeded with the project for fun, hoping it would draw attention to his shop.

## Public reception 
Volvo Island has gained popularity as a tourist attraction over the years. Visible on Google Maps and Street View since 2015, it has drawn increasing interest. As of recent accounts, it holds a 4.9-star rating on Google with over 300 reviews, with visitors praising it as "majestic" and a "premier tourist attraction."

## Current status 
Despite over a decade of exposure to the elements, the 2001 Volvo S80 remains on Volvo Island, appearing relatively intact. There are no plans to remove the vehicle or modify the island..

## References
Diego Borja

**Diego Borja Cornejo** (born May 1, 1964) is an Ecuadorian economist and politician. He is the Citizen Revolution Movement vice presidential candidate in the 2025 general election as the running mate of Luisa González.

## Early political career
Between 2005 and 2006, Borja was the Minister of Economy and Finance during the Alfredo Palacio administration. He was elected member of the National Constitutional Assembly in 2007, representing the Pichincha Province. He resigned this role to become Coordination Minister for Economic Policy a year later under the Rafael Correa administration. He left office in 2010.

## 2025 vice presidential campaign 
In August 2024, the Citizen Revolution Movement announced that Borja will serve as the party's vice presidential candidate in the 2025 general election as the running mate of former National Assembly member Luisa González. In February 2025, the González-Borja ticket came in second place after winning 43.97% of the vote, successfully advancing to the run-off against President Daniel Noboa.

## References
## Other websites
* Official website
Bep Willing

**Herbert James "Bep" Willing** also written as **Humbert Willing** (16 August 1878 – 15 September 1943) was a Dutch football referee during the 1900s and 1910s.

His name is first mentioned as a referee in 1900 and was a regular referee in the highest league of the Dutch football. In October 1900 when it turned out just before the match of Sparta and Ajax that not Willing would be the referee of the match, but A. C. van IJzeren, the captain of Sparta refused to play.

He also became an international referee. His most prominent tournament was being one of the referees of the 1912 Summer Olympics in Sweden and one of the two Dutch referees next to Christiaan Groothoff. After the football tournament *De Maasboode* wrote an article about the two Dutch football referees. They were both praised and especially Willing regarded as the best referee at the Olympics.

## References
## Other websites
*
The Real World

***The Real World*** (known as ***Real World*** from 2014 to 2017) is an American reality television series produced through MTV and Bunim/Murray Productions that most recently aired on Facebook Watch after airing on MTV from 1992 to 2017. It was originally produced by Mary-Ellis Bunim and Jonathan Murray. 

It was first broadcast in 1992. The show was inspired by the 1973 PBS documentary series *An American Family*. *The Real World* is one of the longest-running programs in MTV history, one of the longest-running reality series in history, and is said to have helped create the modern reality TV genre. 

Seven to eight young adults are picked to live in a new city together in one residence while being filmed the whole time.

## References
ARB Günəş

**ARB Günəş** is a Azerbaijani children's television network owned by ARB Media group.

## Programming
### Azerbaijani programming
* *Adventures Zoo* (Macəra zooparkı)
* *Backrack* (Geri)
* *Banana Lane* (Banan zolaq)
* *Denford*
* *Earsenen*
* *Fan Surprise (Azarkeş sürprizi)
* *Glass Looking* (Şüşə baxır)
* *Info Tech*
* *Ostrich Quiz* (Dəvəquşu Viktorina)
* *Sushi Monsters* (Suşi canavarları)
* *Televitrina*
* *Van Pink*

### Current programming
* *Adventures of the Gummi Bears* ()
* *Around the World with Willy Fog* ()
* *AstroLOLogy*
* *Avatar: The Last Airbender* (Avatar)
* *Bernard* (Bernard)
* *Chip 'n Dale: Rescue Rangers*
* *Gazoon*
* *Kid-E-Cats*
* *Kikoriki* ()
* *Kung Fu Panda: Legends of Awesomeness*
* *Maya the Honey Bee* ()
* *Masha and The Bear* ()
* *My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic* ()
* *Mia and Me*
* *Musti*
* *Oddbods*
* *Oscar's Oasis*
* *The Penguins of Madagascar* ()
* *Pokémon: Indigo League* (Pokémon)
* *Scooby-Doo! Mystery Incorporated*
* *The Smurfs* ()
* *SpongeBob SquarePants* ()
* *Strawberry Shortcake's Berry Bitty Adventures*
* *TaleSpin*
* *Ed, Edd n Eddy*
* *Tom and Jerry* ()
* *Winnie Pooh*
* *Winx Club* ()
* *Willy Fog 2*
* *The World of David the Gnome*
* *Jimmy Two-Shoes*
* *ChalkZone'' ()

## References
## Other websites
*Official website
*Facebook
*YouTube
People's Defence Forces

The '''People's Defence Forces** (, **HPG''') is the military wing of the Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK). The HPG replaced the People's Liberation Army of Kurdistan (, ARGK) which used to be the military wing of PKK. In 2014, the HPG was in the fight against the Islamic State (ISIS) in the Sinjar Mountains and Kobani.
## References
Battle of Mecca (1806)

The **Battle of Mecca (1806)** happened during the late 18th century by the First Saudi State. The Wahhabis began raiding Iraq and then besieged Mecca, which they definitively conquered in 1806. 

## Background 
The Wahhabi movement, which introduced a new factor into the pattern of Arabian politics, was founded by Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab, a reformer influenced by the writings of Ibn Taymiyyah. It was Abd al-Wahhab's intention to purify Islam of polytheism and to return it's original primitive state. He would later on be expelled from his hometown in Najd. He moved to Al-Dirʿiyyah, a village that had never been ruled by the Ottomans, and obtained the protection from the House of Saud.
## Capture of Mecca 
In 1802 the Saudi's captured and sacked the holy city of Karbala in Ottoman Iraq, plundering and damaging Shrines and other buildings. In the following year, Saud led his father’s army to the capture of Mecca itself in the Hejaz, which was also under Ottoman control. The fighting started between the Wahhabis and the Governor of Mecca, Sharif Ghalib, who had been appointed by the Ottoman Sultan as his ruling representative over the areas of Hejaz.
## Aftermath 
In the end, the Wahhabi army succeeded in taking the Holy city and spreading of Wahhabi Islam until the Ottomans retook the city in 1813.

## Also see 
History of Saudi Arabia

## References
Mannophryne venezuelensis

The **Paria collared frog** (*Mannophryne venezuelensis*) is a frog.  It lives in the  Serranía de Ziruma in Falcón and Zulia in Venezuela.

## Body
The adult male frog is 19.4 mm long from nose to rear end and the adult female frog is 21.5 mm long. It has a pattern on its back. It has light brown color on the bottoms of all four feet.  It has soms stripes near where the back legs meet the body.

## Home
This frog is awake during the day and lives near streams on mountains.  When the weather is wet and there is water in the air, the frog will go far from the streams. Scientists saw the frog between 0 and 1000 meters above sea level.

The place where the frog lives touches one protected park: Península de Paria National Park.

## Young
The male frogs sit on rocks next to streams and call to the female frogs during the day. Scientists think the frog has young the same way as other frogs in *Mannophryne*: The female frog lays eggs on land, and, after the eggs hatch, the male frogs carry the tadpoles to water. Scientists saw male frogs carrying 7-10 tadpoles on their backs.

## Danger
Scientists say this frog is in some danger of dying out. Human beings change the places where it lives to make farms for cocoa and food to eat and to get wood to build with. Forest fires also hurt the frogs.  Scientists think that the fungal disease chytridiomycosis could also kill the frogs, but they have not looked for the fungus in this place yet.

## References
Don Jose M. Ynares Sr. Memorial National High School

**Don Jose M. Ynares Sr. Memorial National High School** is a public secondary school

Binangonan became an independent municipality by virtue of General Order No. 40 of the Taft Commission. In 1901, Don Jose Ynares Y Granados was appointed *Presidente* (equivalent to today's town mayor) by the American Civil Governor. He won the first municipal election held in the following year and served for four years holding office at his house as the *Presidencia* (referring to the American-era version of the casa real, and eventually evolving to the present day *munisipyo* or town hall). With help from the American regime, Ynares made remarkable improvements to the town, and the school named after him officially honors his stature as Binangonan's first Mayor. 

## References
Vietic languages

The **Vietic languages** are a branch of the Austroasiatic languages that uses a Latin alphabet, or *chữ Quốc ngữ,* which is based on the French alphabet.
Malcolm Wheeler-Nicholson

**Malcolm Wheeler-Nicholson** (né **Strain**, January 7, 1890 - September 21, 1965) was an influential figure in the early history of comic books and is often credited with founding one of the first comic book publishing companies in the United States. He is best known for establishing the company National Allied Publications in 1934, which later became part of DC Comics.

Wheeler-Nicholson's innovative approach to storytelling and character development helped to shape the comic book medium. He was instrumental in the creation of some of the earliest superhero characters during the Golden Age of Comics. His publication, *New Fun: The Big Comic Magazine*, is often regarded as the first comic book ever to feature original content, rather than reprints of newspaper comics.

Throughout his career, Wheeler-Nicholson faced various challenges, including financial difficulties and creative disputes, but his contributions laid the groundwork for the comic book industry as it is known today. His legacy continues to influence creators and the medium itself.
Kooks (song)

"**Kooks**" is a 1971 song by David Bowie. It is the fifth track to his fourth studio album *Hunky Dory*. Bowie wrote it for his newborn son Duncan Jones.

## References
Little 15

"**Little 15**" is a 1988 song by Depeche Mode and is the fourth single from their sixth studio album *Music for the Masses*. It went to number 60 in the United Kingdom, number 18 in Switzerland, number 16 in Germany and number 25 in Austria.

## Track listing
## References
Little Queen (song)

"**Little Queen**" is a 1977 song by American hard rock band Heart and is the title track to their third studio album *Little Queen*. It went to number 62 in the United States and number 58 in Canada.

## References
Daniel Bisogno

**Daniel Omar Aguilar Bisogno** (19 May 1973 – 20 February 2025) was a Mexican television presenter, actor and comedian, known for being one of the three journalists of the television program *Ventaneando*.

Bisogno died on 20 February 2025 at a hospital in Mexico City from multiple organ failure caused by surgery at the age of 51.

## References
List of Nintendo DS games with DSi features

The list of Nintendo DS games that are Nintendo DSi and Nintendo 3DS enhanced. These games are region locked, however they still run region free on an normal DS.

## Games released outside Japan
## Japanese exclusive games
## DSi-only games
## References
Twisting by the Pool

"**Twisting by the Pool**" is a 1983 song by Dire Straits and was taken from their EP *ExtendedancEPlay*. It went to number 14 in the United Kingdom, number 18 in Canada, number 2 in Australia, number 1 in New Zealand, number 6 in Norway and the Netherlands, number 13 in Sweden and Ireland and number 11 in Switzerland. 

## References