open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Washington County, North Carolina

**Washington County** is a county located in the U.S. state of North Carolina. As of the 2020 Census, the population was 11,003. Its county seat is Plymouth. The county was formed in 1799 from the western third of Tyrrell County. It was named for George Washington, the first President of the United States.

## References
Jacques Marquette

Father **Jacques Marquette** S.J. (June 1, 1637 – May 18, 1675), sometimes known as **Père  Marquette** or **James Marquette**, was a French Jesuit missionary. He founded Michigan's first European settlement, Sault Ste. Marie, and later founded St. Ignace, Michigan. 

In 1673 Father Marquette and Louis Jolliet were the first Europeans to explore and map the northern portion of the Mississippi River Valley.

## References
Chicago Harbor

**Chicago Harbor** is made up of the public rivers, canals, and lakes within the territorial limits of Chicago. It connects all slips, basins, piers, breakwaters, and structures with a distance of three miles from the shore between the extended north and south lines of the city. 

The greater Chicago Harbor includes portions of the Chicago River, the Calumet River, the Ogden Canal, the Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal, Lake Calumet, and Lake Michigan.

## References
Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal

The **Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal**, known as the **Chicago Drainage Canal**, is a  canal system that connects the Chicago River to the Des Plaines River.  It reverses the direction of the Main Stem and the South Branch of the Chicago River, which now flows out of Lake Michigan rather than into it. It provides the only navigation for ships between the Great Lakes Waterway and the Mississippi River system.

The Canal was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on December 20, 2011.

## References
Chicago Landmark

is a well known Chicago Landmark]]
**Chicago Landmark** is a designation of the Mayor of Chicago and the Chicago City Council for historic buildings and other sites in Chicago, Illinois, United States.

Sites are selected after meeting many criteria, such as historical, economic, architectural, artistic, cultural, and social importance. Once a site is designated as a landmark, it is subject to the Chicago Landmarks Ordinance, which requires that any alterations must be done with a permit reviewed by the Landmarks Commission.

Many Chicago Landmarks are also listed on the National Register of Historic Places, providing federal tax support for preservation, and some are further designated National Historic Landmarks having more Federal protection.

## References
Washington County, Arkansas

**Washington County** is a county in the northwest part of the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 245,871, making it the third-most populous county in Arkansas. The county seat is Fayetteville.  It is Arkansas's 17th county, founded on October 17, 1828, and named for George Washington, the first President of the United States.

## References
Creola, Alabama

**Creola** is a city in Mobile County, Alabama, United States. The population was 1,936 as of the 2020 census. It is included in the Mobile metropolitan statistical area. It was incorporated in 1978.

## References
Union Stock Yards

The **Union Stock Yard & Transit Co.**, or **The Yards**, was the meatpacking district in present-day New City, Chicago. The yards were opened in 1865. Vanderbilt money sponsored the yards.  It was active for 106 years. The yards inspired Upton Sinclair to write his book *The Jungle*.

The stockyards became the important point of the rise of some of the earliest international companies. The stockyards have become an important part of the popular culture of Chicago's history.

From the Civil War until the 1920s and peaking in 1924, more meat was processed in Chicago than in any other place in the world. The Yards closed on July 30, 1971, after several decades of decline during the decentralization of the meatpacking industry.

It was designated a Chicago Landmark on February 24, 1972, and a National Historic Landmark on May 29, 1981.

## References
Chicago Air & Water Show

Blue Angles performing in the Air & Water Show]]

The **Chicago Air & Water Show** is an annual air show held on the shore of Lake Michigan in Chicago, Illinois.  The show has been held each year since 1959 and is Chicago's second most popular festival (behind Lollapalooza). 

In 2005, 2,200,000 watched the Chicago Air and Water Show. The Chicago Air and Water Show is presented by the City of Chicago and is the largest free show of its kind in the United States. 

## References
Lancaster, California

**Lancaster**  is a city in northern Los Angeles County, in the Antelope Valley of the western Mojave Desert in Southern California. As of 2020, 173,516 people lived in Lancaster. It was the 30th largest city by population in California.

## References
## Other websites
Magnificent Mile Lights Festival

**The Magnificent Mile Lights Festival** is an annual event celebrated in Chicago on the Saturday before Thanksgiving. About one million lights on 200 trees brighten the city’s Michigan Avenue, also known as the Magnificent Mile. It also features notable Disney characters.

The festival is hosted by The Magnificent Mile Association. It is considered one of the largest Christmas holiday celebrations in the country.

In 1992, Walt Disney, the company, officially became part of the Lights Festival, turning the event into a major tourist attraction.

## References
## Other websites
* Magnificent Mile Lights Festival  Official Website
* Greater North Michigan Avenue Association
Fontana, California

, looking north towards the Cajon Pass.]]

**Fontana** () is a city in San Bernardino County, California, United States.

## Other websites 
* Official website
St. Ignace, Michigan

**Saint Ignace**, usually written as **St. Ignace**, is a city at the southern tip of the Upper Peninsula of the U.S. state of Michigan, on the northern side of the Straits of Mackinac.  The population was 2,306 at the 2020 census. It is the county seat of Mackinac County.

## References
Haymarket affair

The **Haymarket affair** (also known as the **Haymarket massacre** or **Haymarket riot**) was the aftermath of a bombing that took place at a labor protest on May 4, 1886, at Haymarket Square in Chicago.

It began as a peaceful rally in support of workers striking for an eight-hour day and in reaction to the killing of several workers by the police. An unknown person (there are theories that it was a police agitator trying to cause an incident however this is unconfirmed and probably incorrect) threw a dynamite bomb at police. The bomb blast and gunfire resulted in the deaths of seven police officers and at least four civilians; dozens of others were wounded.

Eight anarchists were convicted of conspiracy. The evidence was that one of the defendants may have built the bomb, but none of those on trial had thrown it.

The Haymarket Affair is thought to be an important reason of International Labor Day or May Day for workers.

The site of the incident was designated a Chicago Landmark in 1992, and a public sculpture was dedicated there in 2004.

## References
Ludington, Michigan

**Ludington**  is a city in the state of Michigan. As of the 2020 census, the city population was 7,655. It is the county seat of Mason County.

## References
Tulare County, California

**Tulare County** ( ) is a county in the U.S. state of California. As of the 2020 census, the population was 473,117. The county seat is Visalia. Esmeralda Soria is from Tulare County.

## References
Germigny

**Germigny** may refer to the following communes in France:
* Germigny, Marne, in the Marne department
* Germigny, Yonne, in the Yonne department
* Germigny-des-Prés, in the Loiret department
* Germigny-l'Évêque, in the Seine-et-Marne department
* Germigny-l'Exempt, in the Cher department
* Germigny-sous-Coulombs, in the Seine-et-Marne department
* Germigny-sur-Loire, in the Nièvre department
Leanza Cornett

**Eva Leanza Cornett** (June 10, 1971 &ndash; October 28, 2020) was an American television personality and beauty pageant title holder. She was Miss Florida 1992 and later Miss America 1993. She was also a stage actress.

As Miss America, Cornett was the first beauty queen to adopt AIDS prevention as the theme of her service year. She was earlier National Sweetheart 1991.

Cornett was married to Mark Steines from 1995 to 2013. After 17 years, they got divorced.

Cornett was born in Big Stone Gap, Virginia. She was later raised in Jacksonville, Florida.

Cornett died on October 28, 2020 from a subdural hematoma caused by a fall at a Jacksonville hospital, aged 49.

## References
Joe Messina

**Joe Messina** (December 13, 1928 – April 4, 2022) was an American guitarist. He was born in Detroit, Michigan. He was called the "white brother with soul". Messina was one of the most famous guitarists in Motown Records' in-house studio band, the Funk Brothers. He is known for being a member of The Funk Brothers.

Messina was the creator of an alternative music technique known as *The Interval Study Method*, which uses the chromatic and diatonic scales to create music.

Messina worked with performers such as Diana Ross & the Supremes, The Temptations, Marvin Gaye, The Four Tops, Stevie Wonder, and Smokey Robinson & the Miracles. Among Messina's most notable performances are his turns on hits such as "Dancing in the Street" (Martha & the Vandellas, 1964), "I Can't Help Myself (Sugar Pie, Honey Bunch)" (Four Tops, 1965), and "Your Precious Love" (Marvin Gaye & Tammi Terrell, 1967).

Messina died on April 4, 2022 at his son's home in Northville, Michigan at the age of 93.

## References
## Other websites
* Danny Wilson's tribute to Joe Messina 
* Joe Messina offers a personal message and interview
Deatsville, Alabama

**Deatsville** is a town in Elmore County, Alabama, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population was 1,679, up from 1,154 in 2010.
Holtville High School is near Deatsville.

## References
Moulinet

**Moulinet** is the name of two communes in France:
* Moulinet, Alpes-Maritimes, a commune in the Alpes-Maritimes department
* Moulinet, Lot-et-Garonne, a commune in the Lot-et-Garonne department
Avery Dulles

**Avery Robert Dulles**, S.J. (; August 24, 1918 – December 12, 2008) was a Jesuit priest, theologian, and Cardinal of the Catholic Church. Dulles was on the faculty of Woodstock College from 1960 to 1974, of The Catholic University of America from 1974 to 1988, and as the Laurence J. McGinley Professor of Religion and Society at Fordham University from 1988 to 2008. He was born in Auburn, New York.

Dulles died in The Bronx, New York from complications of polio on December 12, 2008, aged 90.

## References
## Other websites
* Faculty Homepage
* Cardinal Avery Dulles Online Archive
* Catholic Hierarchy – information on Cardinal Dulles
* Cardinal Avery Dulles 
* Catholic pages Cardinal Dulles bio
*
Auburn, New York

**Auburn** is a city in Cayuga County, New York, United States. It is located at the north end of Owasco Lake, one of the Finger Lakes, in Central New York. As of the 2020 census, the city had a population of 26,866. It is the county seat of Cayuga County.

## References
Pier Giorgio Frassati

Blessed **Pier Giorgio Frassati** (6 April 1901 – 4 July 1925) was an Italian Roman Catholic social activist. He was born in Turin. He was a member from the Third Order of Saint Dominic. 

He was dedicated to social justice issues. He helped the poor and less fortunate living in his hometown of Turin. He died in Turin on 4 July 1925 from polio, aged 24.

His cause for canonization opened in 1932 after the Turin poor made several pleas for such a cause to open. However, Pope Pius XII suspended the cause in 1941. Pope John Paul II beatified Frassati in mid-1990 and dubbed him the "Man of the Eight Beatitudes". It was later announced by Pope Leo XIV that Frassati would be canonized on 7 September 2025, along with Blessed Carlo Acutis.

## References
Onex, Switzerland

**Onex** () is a municipality of the canton of Geneva in Switzerland.

## History 
The municipality of Onex became an independent municipality in 1851 when the municipality of Onex-Confignon split into the two municipalities of Onex and Confignon.

## Geography 
The municipality is on the left bank of the Rhône river.

The municipality has seven villages of Cressy - Marais, Evaux, Cité-Nouvelle, Gros-Chêne, Pré-Longet, Belle-Cour and Onex - village.

## Twin towns 
Onex is twinned with:
*  Liestal, Switzerland
*  Massagno, Switzerland
*  Bandol, France

## References 
## Other websites 
* Official website
Crossville, Alabama

**Crossville** is a town in the U.S. state of Alabama.

## Other websites 
* Town of Crossville official website
Pope Gelasius I

**Pope Gelasius I** (died 19 November 496) was Pope of the Catholic Church. He reigned from 492 to 496. He was preceded by
Felix III and succeeded by Anastasius II.

## Place of birth 
There is confusion about where he was born.

## References
Margareta Niculescu

**Margareta Niculescu** (4 January 1926 &ndash; 19 August 2018) was a Romanian artist, puppeteer, director, teacher and theater director. She was director of Tandarica Theatre of Bucharest. She was born in Iaşi, Romania.

From 2000 until 2004 she was president of the International Puppetry Association in Charleville-Mezieres, in Ardennes, and co-founded with Jacques Felix, the National School of Puppetry Arts in that city.

In 1978 she won the Erasmus Prize together with other noted puppeteers Yves Joly, Peter Schumann and the Napoli brothers.

Niculescu died on 19 August 2018 in Charleville-Mézières, France at the age of 92.

## References
Everton de Viña del Mar

**Everton de Viña del Mar**, is a Chilean football club based in Viña del Mar. The club was founded in 1909, and now plays in first chilean football league. Their home matches are played at Sausalito stadium, which has a capacity of approximately 25,000 seats.

## Honours 
* National champions: 1950, 1952, 1976
* Copa Chile champions: 1984
* Second Division champions: 1974, 1982, 2003

## References 
## Other websites 
* Everton VM official website
Dario Argento

**Dario Argento** (; born 7 September 1940) is an Italian movie director, producer, critic and screenwriter. He is best known for his work in the horror movies during the 1970s and 1980s. He was known for his "The Three Mothers" trilogy: *Suspiria* (1977), *Inferno* (1980), and *The Mother of Tears* (2007).

His first movie, *The Bird with the Crystal Plumage* (1970), was a major hit in Italy. He helped produce George A. Romero's *Dawn of the Dead* (1978).

## References
## Other websites
*
Asia Argento

**Asia Argento** (; born **Aria Maria Vittoria Rossa Argento**; 20 September 1975) is an Italian actress, singer, writer, DJ, model, activist and director. She is the daughter of filmmaker Dario Argento.

Argento is best known for her roles in the movies *XXX* (2002), *Land of the Dead* (2005) and *Marie Antoinette* (2006).

Argento was in a relationship with celebrity chef Anthony Bourdain from early 2017 until his suicide in 2018.

In the #MeToo movement she is thought to be one of the most vocal leaders of the movement. She was one of the many women abused by Harvey Weinstein. 

In August 2018, an article published in *The New York Times* revealed that she sexually assaulted Jimmy Bennett, a then 17-year-old actor and musician, in a California hotel in 2013, and arranged to pay $380,000 to her accuser.

## References
## Other websites
*
Sourcery

***Sourcery*** is a fantasy book by Terry Pratchett. It was published in 1988 and it is the fifth book in the *Discworld* series.

## Plot
The story follows the wizard Rincewind who appeared in the first two Discworld books. He has to deal with the problems created when a young boy named Coin, the eighth son of an eighth son, and the most powerful wizard in the world tries to take over the world.

## Adaptation
Sky TV planned to make a TV version of the book, although these plans were never completed.

## Reception
Several newspapers praised *Sourcery* for its humour. The Daily Mail said *Sourcery* was the "most entertaining science-fantasy discovery in many years", whilst The Guardian said "One turns with relief … to the stylish magic of *Sourcery*." However it was criticised for its "lazy" plot and for being "muddled".

## References
N. K. Jemisin

**Nora K. Jemisin** (born September 19, 1972) is an American speculative fiction writer.  She has won several awards for her work. She is the only author to have won the Hugo Award for Best Novel in three consecutive years.

In 2016, Jemisin's novel *The Fifth Season* won the Hugo Award for Best Novel. This win made her the first African American writer to win a Hugo award in that category. Its first sequel, *The Obelisk Gate*, won the Hugo Award for Best Novel in 2017. A second sequel, *The Stone Sky*, won the same award in 2018.

## Early life 
Nora K. Jemisin was born in Iowa City, Iowa, and grew up in New York City and Mobile, Alabama. Jemisin has a B.S. degree in psychology (1994) Tulane University. She  also has a Master's of Education from the University of Maryland College Park.

## Personal life 
Jemisin lives and works in Brooklyn, New York.

## Awards 
* *Romantic Times* Reviewers' Choice Award, Best Fantasy Novel 2010 (*The Broken Kingdoms*)
* Locus Award, Best First Novel 2011 (*The Hundred Thousand Kingdoms*)
* Sense of Gender Award, 2011 (*The Hundred Thousand Kingdoms*)
* *Romantic Times* Reviewers' Choice Award, Best Fantasy Novel 2012 (*The Shadowed Sun*)
* Hugo Award, Best Novel 2016 (*The Fifth Season*)
* Hugo Award, Best Novel 2017 (*The Obelisk Gate*)
* Nebula Award, Best Novel 2018 (*The Stone Sky*)
* Locus Award, Best Fantasy 2018 (*The Stone Sky*)
* Hugo Award, Best Novel 2018 (*The Stone Sky*)

## References
The Funk Brothers

**The Funk Brothers** were a group of soul musicians who were from Detroit, United States, performing the musical backing activities to most Motown recordings from 1959 until the company moved to Los Angeles in 1972. 

They are thought to be one of the most successful groups of studio musicians in music history. The Funk Brothers played on Motown hits such as: "My Girl", "I Heard It Through the Grapevine", "Baby Love", "Signed, Sealed, Delivered I'm Yours", "Papa Was a Rollin' Stone", "The Tears of a Clown", "Ain't No Mountain High Enough", and "Heat Wave".

The were 13 verified members of the group and they were identified by both NARAS for the Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award and were recognized with a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame. Some believed the group "played on more number-one hits than the Beatles, Elvis Presley, the Rolling Stones and the Beach Boys combined."

## References
## Other websites
*"Standing in the Shadows of Motown WebQuest" 
*Official *Standing in the Shadows of Motown* website
*Grammy Lifetime Achievement awards
*
*The Soulful Tale of Two Cities
National Library and Documentation Services Board

The **National Library and Documentation Services Board (NLDSB)** is the agency of the government of Sri Lanka which helps maintains all state libraries around the country.

The NLDSB was established under the act No: 51 of 1998. This act established the Sri Lanka National Library Services Board in 1970. The board is placed under the Sri Lankan Ministry of Education. The present Board of Directors consists of 11 members including a full-time Chairperson. The Director General is the chief executive and secretary of the Board.

## Goals and targets 
* To assess the need for library and documentation services among all sectors of the community and to promote the development of library and documentation services.
* To administer, manage and control the affairs of the National Library and Documentation Centre.
* To advise the authorities regarding plans, programmes and activities for the development of library and documentation services in Sri Lanka.
* To provide leadership for libraries of all categories in Sri Lanka, leadership in providing information to the nation and for all services.
* Establishment, development and maintenance of a complete national collection of written, printed and non print media published in Sri Lanka or abroad.
* Establishment and maintenance of Bibliographic and Documentation Services.
* Advise the government on matters relevant to the Library and Information Science field.
* Organization of human resources and Promotion of physical resources for the development of libraries in Sri Lanka.
* Encourage the local book publication and promotion of reading.
* Encourage usage of Information Technology for library and information services.
* Promote co-operation with the institutions and organizations at national, regional and international level related to library and information field.
* Organization of library and information services respecting to the cultural identity of different groups in the society.
* Provide resources and organize services needed for academic research activities.

## References 
## Other websites 
*
Birbal

**Birbal** (born **Mahesh Das**; 1528  16 February 1586), or **Raja Birbal**, was a Hindu advisor in the court of the Mughal emperor, Akbar. Birbal was appointed by Akbar as a poet and singer in around 1560. He was one of the *navaratnas* (nine jewels of Akbar).

He is mostly known in the Indian subcontinent for the folk tales which focus on his wit. In the local folk tales he is presented as a very clever person. These tales are popular in India. These tales involve him being smarter then or making fool of other courtiers and sometimes even Akbar, using only his intelligence and cunning. From the twentieth century onwards, plays, movies and books based on these folk tales were made. Some of these folk tales are in children's comics and school books.

## References
Peninsular War

The **Peninsular War** (1807–1814) was a war between the First French Empire under Napoleon and the Spanish Empire for the control of Spain and Portugal. 

France and Spain started as allies. The war began when French and Spanish armies together invaded and occupied Portugal in 1807. 

In 1808, France invaded Spain. Napoleon forced the Spanish kings to give up power and made gave brother Joseph Bonaparte the throne instead. The Spanish government accepted this, but the Spanish people did not, so they rebelled against the French.

The word *guerilla*, which means "little war" in Spanish, was first used in 1808 when the Spanish used guerrilla warfare against the larger and better-armed regular French Army.

The British army joined the war in defense of the Spanish. The Spanish temporarily drove out the French army, but the French came back and the Spanish surrendered at the end of 1808. 

General Sir Arthur Wellesley, later Duke of Wellington, became famous in the war. The war lasted until certain European states joined together in the War of the Sixth Coalition and defeated Napoleon in 1814, invading Southern France as far north as Toulouse.
List of governors of Michigan

The **Governor of Michigan** is the head of the executive branch of Michigan's state government and is the commander-in-chief of the state's military forces.

The governor has a duty to enforce state laws. He or she is also empowered to reorganize the executive branch of the state government.

In 1805, the Michigan Territory was created, and five men were territorial governors, until Michigan was granted statehood in 1837. Forty-eight individuals have held the position of state governor. The first female governor, Jennifer Granholm, was elected in 2003.

## Governors of Michigan state (since 1837)
; Parties
 (19)
 (2)
 (28)

## Living former U.S. governors of Michigan
As of , there are four living former governors of Michigan. The most recent death of a former governor was that of William Milliken on October 18, 2019. The state's living former governors are:

## Notes
## References
Ilir Meta

**Ilir Meta** (; born 24 March 1969) is an Albanian diplomat and politician. He has served as President of Albania from 24 July 2017 to 24 July 2022. Previously he served as Prime Minister from 1999 to 2002 and as Minister of Foreign Affairs from 2002 to 2003 and again from 2009 to 2010. He was Chairman of the Parliament of Albania from 2013 to 2017.

## References
Adams County, Iowa

**Adams County** is a county in the U.S. state of Iowa. As of the 2020 census, the population was 3,704, making it Iowa's least-populated county. The county seat is Corning.

## References
José Mário Vaz

**José Mário Vaz** (born 10 December 1957) is a Guinea-Bissauan politician. He was the President of Guinea-Bissau, from 23 June 2014 to 27 February 2020.

## References
Cusseta, Alabama

**Cusseta**  is a town in Chambers County, Alabama, United States.  Situated between Opelika and Lanett, it was named for the ancient Creek Indian town of Cusseta. As of the 2020 census, its population was 152.

## References
Gryfice

**Gryfice** (; Kashubian: *Grëfice*), formerly known as **Greifenberg**, is a town in Pomerania, north-western Poland with 16,632 people (2008). It is the capital of Gryfice County in West Pomeranian Voivodeship (since 1999), previously in Szczecin Voivodeship (1975–1998).

## Twin towns — Sister cities 
Gryfice is twinned with:
*  Güstrow
*  Meldorf
*  Gryfów Śląski

## References
## Other websites 
* Official website
Priceville, Alabama

**Priceville** is the third largest municipality in Morgan County, Alabama, United States. The 2020 census counted a population of 3,513.

## Geography 
Priceville is located at  (34.521001, -86.879678).

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the town has a total area of , of which  is water.

## References
Somerville, Alabama

**Somerville** is a town in Morgan County, Alabama, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population of the town was 796.

## References
Garden Grove, California

in Garden Grove, California.]]

**Garden Grove** is a city in northern Orange County, California, United States. It is about  southeast of the city of Los Angeles. The population was 171,949 at the 2020 United States Census.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Official website
Talladega Springs, Alabama

**Talladega Springs** is a town in Talladega County, Alabama, United States. At the 2020 census, the population was 144.

## References
Chêne-Bougeries

**Chêne-Bougeries** is a municipality in the canton of Geneva in Switzerland.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Official website of Chêne-Bougeries
Barbara C. Harris

**Barbara Clementine Harris** (June 12, 1930 &ndash; March 13, 2020) was an American bishop of the Episcopal Church. She was the first woman ordained a bishop in the Anglican Communion. She was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

From 1989 to 2003, she was the Episcopal Diocese of Massachusetts. From 2003 to 2007, Harris was Bishop in the Episcopal Diocese of Washington.

In February 2020, Harris was hospitalized for "serious gastrointestinal problems" and had surgery. She died at the hospital on March 13, 2020 in Lincoln, Massachusetts from surgery-related problems, aged 89.

## References
## Other websites
*Barbara C. Harris Camp & Conference Center website
*Harris' oral history video excerpts at the National Visionary Leadership Project
* "The Right Reverend Barbara C. Harris, 1930-" , Leadership Gallery, The Church Awakens.
Otávio Frias Filho

**Octavio Frias de Oliveira Filho**, known as **Otávio Frias Filho** (7 June 1957 – 21 August 2018), was a Brazilian newspaper editor. He was *Folha de S.Paulo*s editorial director from 1984 until his death in 2018, as well as Grupo Folha's editorial director. He was born in São Paulo, Brazil.

Frias died on 21 August 2018, aged 61, in his hometown of São Paulo from pancreatic cancer.

## References
## Other websites
**Folha* - institutional webpage
*"Otavio Frias Filho reafirma compromissos editoriais da Folha", video in Portuguese
The Second City

**The Second City** is an improvisation comedy group. It is best known as the first ever on-going improvisational theater troupe based in Chicago. It also has programs that run out of Toronto and Los Angeles. The Second City Theatre opened on December 16, 1959, and has become one of the most well known comedy theatres in the world. It was founded by Bernard Sahlins and co-founded by Paul Sills and Barbara Harris.

The Second City has made television programs in both Canada and the United States, including *SCTV*, *Second City Presents*, and *Next Comedy Legend*. Many famous comedians began their careers at Second City such as Bill Murray, John Candy, Dan Aykroyd, Tina Fey, Amy Poehler, Steve Carell, Stephen Colbert, and Aidy Bryant among many others.

## References
Hobe Sound, Florida

**Hobe Sound** is an unincorporated area and census-designated place (CDP) in Martin County, Florida, United States. The population was 13,163 at the 2020 census.

Hobe Sound is located at .

## References
## Other websites
* Hobe Sound Chamber of Commerce
The Happytime Murders

***The Happytime Murders*** is an 2018 American action crime mystery black comedy thriller movie directed by Brian Henson and written by Todd Berger. The movie stars Melissa McCarthy, Bill Barretta, Maya Rudolph, Joel McHale, and Elizabeth Banks.

It is scheduled to be released by STXfilms on August 24, 2018. It is the first R rated Muppets movie.

## References
Spencer P. Jones

**Spencer Patrick Jones** (28 October 1956 – 21 August 2018) was a New Zealand-born Australian guitarist and singer-songwriter. He was born in Te Awamutu, New Zealand. Jones was known for his singles "The World's Got Everything in It" (1995) and "What's Got into Him?" (1997)

From 1976, he worked in Australia and was a member of various groups including The Johnnys, Beasts of Bourbon, Paul Kelly and The Coloured Girls, Chris Bailey and The General Dog, Maurice Frawley and The Working Class Ringos, and Sacred Cowboys.

In May 2012 *Australian Guitar* magazine rated Jones as one of Australia's Top&nbsp;40 best guitarists.

In March 2018, Jones was diagnosed with terminal liver cancer. He died on 21 August 2018 from the disease in Sydney, aged 61.

## References
## Other websites
* "Spencer P Jones Live from Byron", ABC DIG Internet Radio, 9 September 2004
Wyrd Sisters

**Wyrd Sisters** is a fantasy book by Terry Pratchett. It was published in 1988 and it is the sixth book in the Discworld series and the first one to focus on the Witches.

## Plot
Granny Weatherwax, the witch who appeared in Equal Rites is the main character, along with the two other witches in her group. The story is a take on the Shakespeare play Macbeth.

## TV adaptation
In 1997, the book was made into a TV mini series.

## References
Hurricane Lane

**Hurricane Lane** was a 2018 Pacific hurricane. The storm threatened to hit the U.S. State of Hawaii. It was the first Category 5 hurricane since Hurricane Patricia in October 2015.

On August 21, when Lane came close to the Hawaiian Islands, a hurricane watch was put up for Maui and Hawaii counties. Early the next day, the watch was changed to a hurricane warning.

Lane dumped heavy rainfall on Hawaiian Islands, with rainfall accumulations of over 50 inches in Mountain View, resulting of becoming the wettest tropical cyclone on record in Hawaii. It is also ranked as the second wettest tropical cyclone in the United States after Hurricane Harvey in 2017.

On August 29, Lane was dissipated near the International Date Line.

## References
Jack Guy Lafontant

**Jack Guy Lafontant** (born 4 April 1961) is a Haitian politician. He was the Prime Minister of Haiti from 21 March 2017 to 17 September 2018.

## References
Adama Barrow

**Adama Barrow** (born 16 February 1965) is a Gambian politician and real estate developer. He is the 3rd and current President of the Gambia, in office since 2017.

In November 2021, Adama Barrow announced his candidacy for the 2024 presidential election.

## Notes
## References
Stary Dwór

**Stary Dwór**  (formerly German *Altenhof*) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Trzciel, within Międzyrzecz County, Lubusz Voivodeship, in western Poland. The village has a population of 360.

## Geography 
Stary Dwór lies about  west of Trzciel,  south-east of Międzyrzecz,  north of Zielona Góra, and  south-east of Gorzów Wielkopolski.

## Gallery 

Stary Dwór.JPG|Stary Dwór
Stary Dwór 3.JPG|The Saint Lawrence church

## References
Stobno

**Stobno**  () is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Kołbaskowo, within Police County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland, close to the German border. It lies about  south-west of Police and  west of the regional capital Szczecin.

The village has a population of 450.

## References
Daviston, Alabama

**Daviston** is a town in Tallapoosa County, Alabama, United States. At the 2020 census the population was 174, down from 214 in 2010.

## References
Goldville, Alabama

**Goldville** is a town in Tallapoosa County, Alabama, United States. The population was 52 at the 2020 census.

## Notable person 
* John Malcolm Patterson, 44th Governor of Alabama

## References
Limpach

**Limpach** may refer to several places:
*Limpach, Luxembourg, in the commune of Reckange-sur-Mess
*Limpach (Bodensee), in the municipality of Deggenhausertal and the district of Bodensee, Baden-Württemberg
*Limpach, Switzerland, in the Canton of Bern
*Limpach (river) that flows down to the Emme river.
Saint-Ulrich

**Saint-Ulrich** () is a commune. It is in the Haut-Rhin department of eastern France.

## Related pages 
* Communes of the Haut-Rhin department

## References 
*INSEE commune file

## Other websites
Gilbertown, Alabama

**Gilbertown** is a town in Choctaw County, Alabama, United States. At the 2020 census, the population was 739.

## References
Franklin Parish, Louisiana

**Franklin Parish** () is a parish in the U.S. state of Louisiana. As of the 2020 census, the population was 19,774. The parish seat is Winnsboro. The parish was founded in 1843 and named for Benjamin Franklin, American statesman.

## References
Allamakee County, Iowa

**Allamakee County** (pronounced AL-uh-muh-KEY) is the northeastern-most county in the U.S. state of Iowa. As of the 2020 census, the population was 14,061. The county seat is Waukon.

## References
Inyokern, California

**Inyokern** (formerly **Siding 16** and **Magnolia**) is a census-designated place (CDP) in Kern County, California, United States.

## References
Kern County, California

**Kern County** is a county in the U.S. state of California. As of the 2020 census, the population was 909,235. The county seat is Bakersfield.

## Notable people 
* Donald Glover - Actor, rapper, and singer
* Mark Hoppus - Musician and producer
* Donald Cheney - Crew (film/tv)
* Rob Bonta - Politician

## References
Sousse

on the Kasbah in Sousse]]

**Sousse** or **Soussa** ( , Berber: *Susa*) is a city in Tunisia, capital of the Sousse Governorate. It is located  south of the capital Tunis, the city has 271,428 inhabitants (2014). Sousse is in the central-east of the country, on the Gulf of Hammamet, which is a part of the Mediterranean Sea.
Jack Ashford

**Jack Ashford** (born May 18, 1934) is an American soul musician. He was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He worked for Motown Records' in-house Funk Brothers band during the 1960s and early 1970s.

Ashford is most famous for playing the tambourine on hundreds of Motown recordings. Ashford played tambourine on include "Nowhere to Run" by Martha & the Vandellas, "You Can't Hurry Love" by The Supremes, "I Heard It Through the Grapevine" by Marvin Gaye, and "Don't Leave Me This Way" by Thelma Houston.

Following the death of Joe Messina in April 2022, Ashford is the last survivor of the 13 core members of The Funk Brothers.

## References
## Other websites
* Bankhousebooks.com 
*Jack Ashford Interview NAMM Oral History Library (2013)
Anthony Mackie

**Anthony Dwane Mackie** was born September 23, 1978. Mackie first appeared on stage before acting in mostly movies and sometimes television. He has appeared in movies such as *8 Mile* (2002), *Million Dollar Baby* (2004), *The Hurt Locker* (2008), *Notorious* (2009), *The Adjustment Bureau* (2011), *Man on a Ledge* (2012), *Gangster Squad* (2013), *Pain & Gain* (2013) and *The Night Before* (2015). In 2014, he joined the Marvel Cinematic Universe as the superhero Falcon. As this character, he has appeared in the movies *Captain America: The Winter Soldier* (2014), *Avengers: Age of Ultron* (2015), *Ant-Man* (2015), *Captain America: Civil War* (2016), and *Avengers: Infinity War* (2018). In May 2016, he co-starred as Martin Luther King Jr. in the HBO television movie *All the Way*. In 2019, he played Danny Parker in the *Black Mirror* episode "Striking Vipers".

Mackie was born in New Orleans, Louisiana. He married Sheletta Chapital in 2014, but the couple divorced in 2018. The couple have three children.

## References
## Other websites
*
Eddie Willis

for the Funk Brothers]]
**Eddie "Chank" Willis** (June 3, 1936 &ndash; August 20, 2018) was an African-American soul musician. Willis played electric guitar and occasional electric sitar for Motown's in-house studio band, the Funk Brothers. He was born in Grenada, Mississippi. He was active in the 1960s and the 1970s.

Willis was known for his songs "Please Mr. Postman" by The Marvelettes, "The Way You Do the Things You Do" by The Temptations, "You Keep Me Hanging On" by The Supremes, and "I Was Made to Love Her" by Stevie Wonder.

Willis died on August 20, 2018 in Gore Springs, Mississippi from complications of polio at the age of 82.

## References
400-series highways

The **400-series highways** are group of high-speed highways in Ontario, Canada.
## List of highways
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
List of highways in Ontario

## 400-series highways
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*

## Local highways
*Don Valley Parkway
*Gardiner Expressway
*
*

## Normal highways
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
Villano III

**Arturo Díaz Mendoza** (23 March 1952 – 21 August 2018) was a Mexican professional wrestler. He was best known for performing under the stage name **Villano III** (in Spanish **Villano Tercero**). 

## Career
Díaz was a second generation wrestler, son of *luchador* Ray Mendoza and the father of professional wrestlers Villano III Jr. and El Hijo de Villano III himself. He retired from wrestling in 2015 due to health issues caused by wrestling.

For years Díaz was one of the known performers for the Universal Wrestling Association and during his career that spanned from 1970 until 2015 he worked for all major Mexican wrestling promotions such as Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre and AAA.

Díaz was an *enmascarado*, or masked wrestler, up until 2000 where he lost to Atlantis and was forced to unmask. The match against Atlantis was later named "Match of the Year" by the Wrestling Observer Newsletter awards.

## Death
He died from a cerebral infarct on August 21, 2018 in Guadalajara, aged 66.

## References
Tullio Ilomets

**Tullio Ilomets** (13 July 1921 – 22 August 2018) was an Estonian chemist, science historian and a volunteer in heritage protection. He was born in Tartu, Estonia.

Ilomets was one of the founders of the Academic Heritage Society and is an honorary member of the Estonian Heritage Society. He was a member of the Society of Estonian Conservators. Ilomets, as of 2016 with his 95 years, was the oldest working employee at the University of Tartu.

Ilomets died in Tallinn on 22 August 2018 at the age of 97.

## References
Teri Polo

**Theresa Elizabeth "Teri" Polo** (born June 1, 1969) is an American actress. She is known for her role as Pam Byrnes-Focker in the *Meet the Parents* trilogy. 

She was one of the stars of the sitcom ''I'm with Her* (2003–2004), starred as Helen Santos on the political drama series *The West Wing* (2005–2006) and played the role of police officer Stef Adams Foster in the ABC Family series *The Fosters'' (2013–2018).

## References
## Other websites
*
Chris Collins (politician)

**Christopher Carl Collins** (born May 20, 1950) is an American politician. He is a member of the Republican Party. He was the United States Representative for New York's 27th congressional district from 2013 through 2019. 

Collins was the first sitting congressman to endorse Donald Trump for President of the United States. 

Collins and his son, Cameron, were arrested by the FBI on August 8, 2018, and charged with insider trading and lying to the FBI. On September 30, 2019, Collins announced his resignation from the House of Representatives effective on October 1, 2019.

In December 2020, Collins was pardoned for his crimes by President Donald Trump.

In June 2025, Collins officially announced his congressional campaign to represent Florida's 19th congressional district in the U.S. House for the 2026 election.

## References
Maia Mitchell

**Maia McCall Mitchell** (born 18 August 1993) is an Australian actress and singer. She is known for her roles as Brittany Flune in the children's television series *Mortified*, and as Natasha Ham in the teen drama *Trapped*. 

Mitchell starred in the drama *The Fosters* as Callie Adams Foster. She also co-starred in the Disney Channel original movies *Teen Beach Movie* and *Teen Beach 2* as McKenzie.

## Filmography
### Film
### Television
### Web
### Music videos
## Discography
 in 2018]]

### Soundtrack albums
### Charted songs
## Awards and nominations
## References
## Other websites
* 
* 
* 
*
Cierra Ramirez

**Cierra Alexa Ramírez** (born March 9, 1995) is an American actress and singer. She plays the role of Mariana Adams-Foster in the Freeform television series *The Fosters*.

Ramirez is of Colombian and Mexican descent.

## References
## Other websites
*
Noah Centineo

**Noah Gregory Centineo** (born May 9, 1996) is an American actor. He is known for his roles in the television series *The Fosters*, the television movie *How to Build a Better Boy*, television show Austin & Ally and Netflix's ''To All the Boys I've Loved Before''.

## References
## Other websites
*
Duncan D. Hunter

**Duncan Duane Hunter** (born December 7, 1976) is an American politician. He is a member of the Republican Party from California. He represented parts of San Diego County in the United States House of Representatives from 2009 until 2020, representing the  from 2009 to 2013, and representing  from 2013 until his resignation in 2020. 

Hunter is the son of former Representative Duncan Hunter.

In 2017 it was reported that Hunter was under criminal investigation for alleged campaign finance violations. Hunter, along with his wife, was indicted by a federal grand jury for conspiracy, wire fraud, and violating campaign finance laws on August 21, 2018. 

On December 6, 2019, Hunter said he would resign from Congress "after the holidays". He left office on January 13, 2020.

In December 2020, Hunter was pardoned for his crimes by President Donald Trump.

## References
Pine Apple, Alabama

**Pine Apple** is a town in Wilcox County, Alabama, United States. It was incorporated in 1872. At the 2020 census the population was 143.

## References
Lenox Hewitt

**Sir Lenox Hewitt** (7 May 1917 &ndash; 28 February 2020) was an Australian public servant.  He was the   Secretary of the Prime Minister's Department under John Gorton (Liberal) 1968-71, and Secretary of the Department of Minerals and Energy under Rex Connor (Labor) 1972-75. 

He remained active in public policy debate.

He was the father of Patricia Hewitt, a former Labour minister in Tony Blair's government in the United Kingdom.

Hewitt died, aged 102, of Lewy body dementia-related problems on 28 February 2020 at a care home in Edgecliff, New South Wales.

## References
Sherri Saum

**Sherri M. Saum** (born October 1, 1974) is an American actress. Saum is best known for her role as Lena Adams Foster in the Freeform drama series *The Fosters* (2013–18). She was born in Dayton, Ohio.

Saum is also known for her television roles in *Beggars and Choosers*, *Rescue Me* and *In Treatment*, as well as for her roles in the daytime soap operas *Sunset Beach* and *One Life to Live*.

## References
## Other websites
*
Ontario Highway 407

**Ontario Highway 407**, also known as **Highway 407 ETR (Express Toll Route)** between Burlington and Pickering, is a privately-owned tolled highway north of Toronto, Ontario, in the Greater Toronto Area (GTA). The  section of the freeway between Brock Road in Pickering and Highways 35 and 115 in Clarington is known as **Highway 407** (**Highway 407 East**). 407 ETR uses cameras to track licence plates instead of having toll booths. To reduce the price of using the highway, riders can get transponders. The highway lets drivers bypass traffic on the Ontario Highway 401.

## References
Axel Lewenhaupt

Count **Axel Charles Emil Lewenhaupt** (27 May 1917 – 20 November 2018) was a Swedish diplomat and Grand Master of Ceremonies at the Royal Court of Sweden. He was born in Helsingborg, Sweden.

He was second secretary at the Foreign Ministry from 1948 to 1952 and first legation secretary in Madrid from 1952 to 1956. Lewenhaupt was first secretary at the Foreign Ministry from 1956 to 1958 and director at the Foreign Ministry from 1958 to 1960.

Lewenhaupt was embassy counsellor in Washington, D.C. from 1960 to 1962 and ambassador in Leopoldville from 1962 to 1963. Lewenhaupt was acting head of the political department at the Foreign Ministry from 1964 to 1965 and its administrative department from 1965 to 1967. He was ambassador in Bangkok, Rangoon, Kuala Lumpur and Singapore.

He died in November 2018. He was 101 years old.

## References
George Pearce

**Henry George Pearce** (born 17 September 1917) is a former Australian politician. He was a member of the House of Representatives from 1949 to 1961, representing the Liberal Party in the Division of Capricornia.

In 1960, Pearce was made Government Whip in the House of Representatives under Hubert Opperman.

## References
Li Rui (politician)

**Li Rui** (; 13 April 1917 &ndash; 16 February 2019) was a Chinese politician. He was a member of the Communist Party of China. He was also a writer and supporter of democratic reform in China. He was born in Beijing.

In the mid-1950s, Li was briefly one of Mao Zedong's secretaries. His criticisms of Great Leap Forward, and support for Peng Dehuai, led to his exile. He briefly worked with the West German government.

He was a vice minister of the Ministry of Water Conservation.

Li turned 100 in April 2017. He died on 16 February 2019 in Beijing from multiple organ failure at the age of 101.

## References
## Other websites
* lirui.org.cn - Li Rui discussion board (in Chinese)
Bill Grayden

**William Leonard Grayden** (born 5 August 1920) is a former Australian politician. He was born in Perth, Western Australia. He was in the military with the 2/16th Infantry Battalion from 1940–1946.

In 1947, he was elected to the Western Australian Legislative Assembly as the Liberal member for Middle Swan, where he remained until 1949.

Along with George Pearce, Grayden is the earliest surviving MP, and one of only two living "Forty-Niner" Liberal MPs.

## References
V. K. Rao

**Valluri Kameswara Rao**, ICS (15 July 1914 &ndash; 27 November 2018) was a former Indian Civil Service officer and former Chief Secretary of Andhra Pradesh. He was the oldest living former officer of the Indian Civil Service. He turned 100 in July 2014.

Rao entered the service of the central government on the Planning Commission of India before returning to Andhra Pradesh and becoming the state's Chief Secretary, the highest-ranking civil servant in a state.

After his retirement, he served as Vigilance Commissioner of Andhra Pradesh from 1974 to 1977, and then as Principal Secretary to the President of India, N. Sanjiva Reddy, from 1981 to 1982.

## References
Pope Liberius

**Pope Liberius** (310&nbsp;– 24 September 366) was Pope of the Catholic Church from 17 May 352 until his death on 24 September 366. According to the *Catalogus Liberianus*, he was consecrated on 22 May as the successor to Pope Julius I. Liberius is mentioned in the Greek Menology, the Eastern equivalent to the martyrologies of the Western Church and a measure of sainthood prior to the institution of the formal Western processes of canonization.

## Notes
## References