open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
January 2025 Israel–Hamas war ceasefire

A prisoner exchange and peace treaty to end the Israel–Hamas war was agreed to by Israel and Hamas on 15 January 2025. The deal was first created by mediators from Egypt and Qatar on 5 May 2024, and supported by Hamas on 6 May 2024.

On 31 May 2024, U.S. president Joe Biden presented a similar proposal. By January 2025, a similar proposal had reportedly been agreed to by Israel and Hamas. The proposal is the first in three stages, beginning with a six-week ceasefire, the release of all Israelis being held in Gaza in exchange for some of the Palestinians being held by Israel, a permanent ceasefire, Israel's withdrawal from Gaza, and a reconstruction process lasting from three to five years.

On January 15, 2025, after news of a ceasefire agreement, Palestinians in Gaza broke out into celebrations. 

## References
Caprona

**Caprona** is a fictional prehistoric island in the literary universe of Edgar Rice Burroughs's Caspak Trilogy, including *The Land that Time Forgot*, *The People that Time Forgot*, and ''Out of Time's Abyss''. They were published as serial novels.

## Wildlife 
Various prehistoric creatures reside in Caprona. 

* Giant amphibians and insects such as the giant dragonfly-like Meganeura and the mammal-like reptile Dimetrodon are confined to the southern extremity of the island.
* Reptiles and dinosaurs dominate slightly further north.
* The lagoon in this region is infested with huge aquatic saurians such as Plesiosaurus and Mosasaurus, as well as nightmarish sharks called Helicoprion, according to Bowen Taylor's journals.
* Pterodactyls fly the misty skies, and dinosaurs such as the Coelophysis, Diplodocus, Stegosaurus, Allosaurus, Deinonychus, Tyrannosaurus, Triceratops, Brontosaurus, Iguanodon, Styracosaurus and Edmontosaurus overrun the land.
* Further north, mammals begin to dominate, beginning with the most primitive types, and upward through the late Pleistocene fauna, including the Aurochs, mastodons, mammoths, Woolly rhinoceros and Megatherium, preyed upon by lions, cave bears, saber-toothed cats, and giant panthers.

### Animals on the island 
* Pteranodon
* Pterodactylus
* Rhamphorhynchus
* Quetzalcoatlus
* Dsungaripterus

* Titanoboa
* Gigantophis
* Dinilysia

* Megalania
* Ophiacodon

* Columbian mammoth
* Woolly mammoth
* Arsinoitherium
* Mastodon
* Bison latifrons
* Teleoceras
* Elasmotherium
* Smilodon
* Homotherium
* Hyaenodon
* Cave hyaena
* Aurochs
* Megaloceros
* Gigantopithecus
* Mesopithecus
* Cave bear
* Cave lion
* American lion
* Puma pardoides
* Sumatran leopard
* Lynx issiodorensis
* Caspian tiger
* Eohippus
* Hipparion (misidentified as Merychippus)
* Pliohippus
* Synthetoceras
* Megatherium
* Woolly rhinoceros
* Dire wolf
* Diprotodon
* Borophagus

* Tyrannosaurus
* Albertosaurus
* Diplodocus
* Brontosaurus
* Brachiosaurus
* Compsognathus
* Ornitholestes
* Coelophysis
* Procompsognathus
* Ceratosaurus
* Giganotosaurus
* Deinonychus
* Allosaurus
* Polacanthus
* Triceratops
* Iguanodon
* Stegosaurus
* Spinosaurus
* Edmontosaurus
* Parasaurolophus
* Corythosaurus
* Lambeosaurus
* Styracosaurus
* Pachycephalosaurus
* Hypsilophodon
* Protoceratops
* Oviraptor
* Gallimimus
* Archaeopteryx

* Helicoprion
* Megalodon

* Plesiosaurus

* Dunkleosteus

* Eusthenopteron
* Mosasaurus
* Archelon
* Tanystropheus
* Nothosaurus
* Protorosaurus
* Crassigyrinus
* Eryops

* Platyhystrix
* Peltobrachus
* Paracyclotosaurus
* Eogyrinus
* Diadectes

* Meganeura
* Arthropleura

* Edaphosaurus
* Dimetrodon

* Inostranceiva
* Titanophoneus
Leslie Charleson

**Leslie Ann Charleson** (February 22, 1945 – January 12, 2025) was an American actress. She was best known for her role as Monica Quartermaine on the ABC daytime soap opera *General Hospital*.

Charleson died in Los Angeles, California on January 12, 2025 from problems caused by a fall at the age of 79.

## References
## Other websites
*
Jeannot Szwarc

**Jeannot Szwarc** (21 November 1939 – 15 January 2025) was a French-born American director. He was known for his work in American movies and television. He directed the movies *Jaws 2*, *Somewhere in Time*, *Supergirl* and *Santa Claus: The Movie*.

Szwarc died from respiratory failure a hospital in Loches, France, on 14 January 2025, at the age of 85.

## References
## Other websites
*
Kentfield, California

**Kentfield** (formerly **Ross Landing**, **Tamalpais**, and **Kent**) is a census-designated place (CDP) in Marin County, California, United States. Kentfield is  southwest of downtown San Rafael. The population was 6,808 at the 2020 census.

## References
Tank 300

The **Tank 300** is a mid-size SUV made by Great Wall Motors (GWM) Tank brand since 2020.

## History and Features 
The Tank 300 was launched in 2020 in the Chengdu Auto Show under the Wey brand as the Wey Tank 300 it went on sale in December 2020. but in 2021 during the Shanghai Auto Show Great Wall Motors said it would turn Tank into a independent brand of off-road SUVS according to the brand`s president Wei Jianjun the Tank 300 will be the first car from the brand. 

The Tank 300 in the Chinese market comes in versions like the:City Edition, Off-Road Edition, Ranger, Wind Forest Iron Cavalry Edition, Yunliang and Cyberpunk. All these versions have many trims. the Cybertank version previewed by the concept Wey Tank 300 Cybertank is a limited edition version with only 3.000 units made. the Yuanling version that went on sale in mid 2021 is another limited edition version with 300 units made. another version called Frontier was launched in 2022. 

The Tank 300 has a 2.0 liter turbo petrol engine and a 2.4 liter turbodiesel engine with a 8-speed automatic transmission the Tank 330 is a version with a 3.0 liter twin turbo V6 engine with a electric motor and a 9-speed automatic transmission there`s also a hybrid version that combines a 2.0 liter petrol engine with a electric motor and also has a 9-speed automatic transmission.

## Markets 
The Tank 300 is sold mainly in China but is exported and sold in regions like Australia, Middle East, South Africa and Southeast Asia.

## Sales 
## References
Ken Martin

**Kenneth Nathan Martin** (born July 17, 1973) is an American politician and political strategist. Since 2025, he has been chair of the Democratic National Committee. Martin was chairman of the Minnesota Democratic-Farmer-Labor (DFL) Party, president of the Association of State Democratic Committees. He was also vice chair of the Democratic National Committee from 2011 to 2025.

After Kamala Harris lost to Donald Trump in the 2024 presidential election, Martin announced his intention to run for chairman of the Democratic National Committee. He was elected on February 1, 2025, receiving 246.5 votes out of 428 cast on the first ballot.

## References
## Other websites
*
Tank 400

The **Tank 400** is a mid-size SUV made by Tank a brand of Great Wall Motors since 2023.

## History and Features 
The Tank 400 alongside the Tank 500 was launched at the Auto Shanghai in 2021.  and put on sale in China in August 2023.  its the second car from the Tank brand to be launched the 400 has a 2.0 liter turbo petrol engine the SUV also has a Plug-in hybrid version both versions have a 9-speed automatic transmission.

## Markets 
The Tank 400 is currently sold only in the Chinese Market.

## References
Mount Tabwemasana

**Mount Tabwemasana** is the highest peak in the Pacific island nation of Vanuatu. It's located on the west coast of the island of Espiritu Santo and reaches a height of 1,879&nbsp;m.
Emgrand EC8

The **Emgrand EC8** is a large Family car made by Emgrand a brand of Geely from 2010 to 2014.

## History and Features 
The Emgrand EC8 was launched at the Beijing Auto Show in 2010 formely it was the Emgrand EC825. its the first Large Family car from Geely the design resembles the Toyota Camry and the Cadillac CTS the car has 2.0 and 2.4 liter petrol engines and a 5-speed manual transmission and a 6-speed automatic transmission.  

## Markets 
The Emgrand EC8 was sold mainly in China but it was sold in other countries like Vietnam.

## Discontinuation 
The Emgrand EC8 was discontinued in 2014 due to the discontinuation of the Emgrand brand and was replaced by the Geely Borui.
## References
Pitt Meadows

**Pitt Meadows** is a city in Metro Vancouver that was formed as municipality in 1917. It became a city in 2007. It borders Maple Ridge to the east, Coquitlam to the west and Surrey to the south. It was named after the Pitt Lake and the Pitt River. It has a population of 19,498 as of 2024.

## Related pages
*Maple Ridge, British Columbia

## References
Chabora

"Chabora" refers to a traditional Pakistani household located in a rural area. This place typically includes fields, gardens, and domestic animals. The people in Chabora mostly rely on agriculture and lead a simple life.

The word "Chabora" is derived from a river "Chaboras" which flows in Iraq and Syria, meaning the Great One. The link to the river is: 

## History 
Historically, the term "Chabora" refers to people who are called Malik and serve as soldiers and officers in the Pakistan Army and Police, and after retirement, they work on their lands to farm. Furthermore, a river of this name, "River Chaboras", exists in Iraq and Syria.

## References 
https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/893928
Tikkabilla

***Tikkabilla*** is a British children's television series. It was broadcast on CBeebies. The series was created to educate and entertain preschool children at the same time. *Tikkabilla*'s name comes from the Hindi word for hopscotch, a popular game for children.

## Format
Two presenters teach a talking purple dragon called Tamba about various topics. These presenters have included Justin Fletcher, Sarah-Jane Honeywell, Simon Davies, Lorna Laidlaw, Paul Ewing, Veejay Kaur (series 3 and 4), Toni Fruitin and Amit Sharma (series 4) and Beverly Hills (series 1 and 2). Tamba is depicted by a puppet, and was performed by Sue Eves (who wrote many of the series' scripts), or in some episodes Alison McGowan (series 2 and 3) and Katherine Smee (series 4).

The show is similar to *Play School* and *Playdays*. Simon Davies also presented *Play School* in its later years and *Playdays* in its early years, and Justin Fletcher played Mr Jolly in the play adaptation of *Playdays*. The presenters and Tamba perform songs, tell stories, play games and make things in a colourful house. It is sometimes visited by special guests, usually to show a skill or for a performance. Similar to Play School, various items are shown outside and seen through square, round and arched windows. Young children (and sometimes the presenters and Tamba) can also be seen outside.

*Bonny, Banana and Mo*, ''Sami's Worlds*, *Summerton Mill*, *Higgledy House* and *Hotch Potch House* (the last three also separately), as well as clips from other educational BBC series, mostly *Words and Pictures* and *Numbertime'', have been shown during episodes.

## Production
Beverly Hills wrote for Tikkabilla and another similar show, The Story Makers. Francis Haines and Liz Kitchen wrote most of the show's music. Francis Haines and Jake Hook wrote one of the songs together.

## Other websites
* 
* CBeebies - *Tikkabilla* at bbc.co.uk (archived)
Valley of the Dragons

***Valley of the Dragons*** is a vintage movie.

## Dinosaurs and other prehistoric creatures 
* Dimetrodon (live-acted by an alligator with a spine-attached sail)
* Doedicurus
* Crassigyrinus (concept art)
* Ophiacodon (live-acted by a komodo dragon; cut)
* Eryops (stock footage of the *Hynerpeton* from Walking with Monsters; cut)
* Camptosaurus (cut)
* Giant spider
* Gorgosaurus (cut; Dinosaurus *T-rex* model used for poster)
* Brachiosaurus (cut; Dinosaurus *Brontosaurus* model used for poster)
* Megistotherium
* Megalania 
* Pterodactylus (stock footage of Rodan)
* Tyrannosaurus rex (portrayed by a blue iguana)
* Imperator mammoth (called in the movie as a mastodon)
Y Wine

**Y Wine** (; ) is a Burmese rock singer. He is the lead singer of the Myanmar rock band Iron Cross. Y Wine has been a part of the Burmese music scene for over 20 years, contributing to the development of rock music in the country. He is known for blending traditional Burmese music with rock influences.

## Early life and education 
Y Wine was born in Myitkyina, Myanmar. He developed an interest in music at a young age, beginning to sing and write songs as a child. He attended Yadanabon University in Mandalay, where he studied English. While at university, he met other musicians, including Lay Phyu, who later became well-known in Myanmar's rock scene.  These early connections influenced Y Wine to pursue a career in music.

## Music career 
Y Wine joined the band Iron Cross in as the lead singer in 1998. The band gained recognition for mixing traditional Burmese sounds with rock music, and Y Wine became known for his distinctive voice and lively performances.

Along with his work in *Iron Cross*, Y Wine also released solo albums, many of which gained attention in Myanmar’s music scene. His music blends traditional Burmese elements with modern rock styles. He has worked with prominent music labels, such as *The Legacy Music Network* and *The Sun Music*, and collaborated with other artists in the industry.

Y Wine’s musical styles incorporates both local and international influences, which helped to grow the popularity of rock music in Myanmar.

## Discography 
Y Wine has released several albums, both with *Iron Cross* and as a solo artist.  Some of his releases include:

* **Nay Sae Zin** (1998) – His debut album with Iron Cross.

* **La Min Nat Pin Lae** (2001) – Another album with Iron Cross.

* **A Chit Nyat** (2003) – Y Wine's first solo album.

* **Ta Min Lae Pyan** (2005) – A solo album that expanded his musical styles.

* **Htar Wa Ra** (2007) – An album with experimental styles.

* **Kyoe Mat Sung** (2019) – A recent solo album that continued his musical career.

* **Iron Cross 20th Anniversary** (2020) – An album celebrating the band's 20th year.

## References
Marcel van den Dop

**Marcel Cornelis van den Dop** with artist name **Marcello** (1954 – 14 January 2025) was a Dutch artist.

## Biography
Van den Dop was born in Leiden in 1954. He studied at the Gerrit Rietveld Academy in Amsterdam. They were the owner of Rock Gallery (formerly named Galerie Haags) in The Hague.  Due to the rise of digital printing techniques, they  decided to fully focus on art. They also came up with artistic projects. With pencil and pen he made football collection cards of the footballers of ADO Den Haag; and other artistic projects includes the yellow-green “Den Hagelslag” (a Dutch pun on hagelslag and The Hague); they initiated the exposition “Rembrandt2000”; Mesdag Revisited and Radar Love. In 2016 Van den Dop started “Rock History Tour”, a bus tour in The Hague along important pop history places.

## References
David Wasinger

**David G. Wasinger** (born 1962/1963) is an American attorney, accountant, and politician. He has been the 49th lieutenant governor of Missouri since 2025. 

## References
Ring chromosome

A **ring chromosome** is when two ends of a chromosome come together and look like a ring. This can happen to any chromosome. It was first discovered in 1926 by American biologist Lilian Vaughan Morgan. There are many different symptoms someone may have if they have a ring chromosome. The most common symptom is a delay in growth. Most of the time, ring chromosomes happen randomly. About 1 in 50,000 people have a ring chromosome.

## Formation 
Most of the time, a ring chromosome will happen if the two ends of one chromosome are missing. This allows the ends to combine together to form a ring. Sometimes, the ends of the chromosomes won't be missing, but this is very rare. When this happens, the phenotype (appearance and body) of someone is usually normal. They usually do not know they have a ring chromosome.

Ring chromosomes can be very complicated. Sometimes, small parts of the chromosome may be missing (microdeletion) or there may be a copy of it (microduplication).  Sometimes, someone may have three chromosomes (trisomy) instead of two with the extra chromosome being a ring chromosome.

Any chromosome can be a ring chromosome. The symptoms vary based on which chromosome is the ring chromosome. Most of the time, the symptoms vary widely, even in the same ring chromosome syndrome. However, most syndromes with a ring chromosome affect the way someone's body grows.

### List of ring chromosome syndromes 
## References
Allobates gasconi

***Allobates gasconi*** is a frog.  It lives in Brazil and Peru.

## Home
This frog lives in Amazon forests called várzea that fill with water some of the time. It can live in forestst that were never cut down and in forests that are growing back.  Scientists have seen the frog between 100 and 250 meters above sea level.

The place where this frog lives has many protected parks in it, for example Parque Ambiental Chico Mendes and Reserva Extrativista do Baixo Juruá.

## Young
The female frog lays eggs on land. After the eggs hatch, the adult frogs carry the tadpoles to water.

## Danger
Scientists say this frog is not in danger of dying out. In some places, fires and people cutting down trees to get wood to build with can hurt this frog.

## First paper
*

## References
Bad Saulgau

**Bad Saulgau** is a town in Sigmaringen in Baden-Württemberg in Germany. It is 23&nbsp;km east of Sigmaringen, and 27&nbsp;km north of Ravensburg between the Danube and Lake Constance.

In 2000, the name of the town was changed from Saulgau to Bad Saulgau.

## Districts 
## References 
## Other websites 
*
Leibertingen

**Leibertingen** is a municipality in Sigmaringen in Baden-Württemberg in Germany.

## Districts 
## References
Kreenheinstetten

**Kreenheinstetten** is a village in Sigmaringen in Baden-Württemberg in Germany. It is part of the municipality of Leibertingen.
Tank 500

The **Tank 500** is a full-size luxury  SUV made by Great Wall Motors (GWM) under Tank a brand of off-road SUVS since 2021.

## History and Features 
The Tank 500 was showed at the Chengdu Auto Show in August 2021. and was officially released in China in 2022 the 500 is the second car from the Tank brand it has three row seating the SUV has six models in four version which are:business version, sport version, customized version, and black warrior version. 

The Tank 500 has a 3.0 liter turbo V6 petrol engine and hybrid and Plug-in hybrid versions these two versions combine a 2.0 liter turbo petrol engine with a electric motor the car also has a 2.4 liter turbodiesel engine all the versions have a 9-speed automatic transmission.

## Markets 
The Tank 500 was first released in China and started being exported and sold in Australia, South Africa, Thailand, Indonesia and Brunei.

## Sales 
## Notes
## References
Tank 700

The **Tank 700** is a full-size Luxury SUV made by Great Wall Motor(GWM)'s Tank brand since 2024.

## History and Features 
The Tank 400 was launched in 2024 with sales in China starting in February of the same year. It is the fourth car to be launched under the Tank brand. The SUV is a Plug-in hybrid, having a 3.0 liter turbocharged petrol engine that is combined with an electric motor. The 700 also has a 2.4 liter turbodiesel engine, all with a 9-speed automatic transmission.

## Markets 
The Tank 700 is currently sold in China but also in Kazakhstan.

## References
Willy Neven

**Willy Joannes Matheus Neven ** (5 February 1948 – 15 January 2025) was a Belgian politician. He was a member of Christian Social Party (CVP) and later Christian Democratic and Flemish (CD&V). He was mayor of Halen from 1983 and 1986 and from 1995 to 2012.

## Biography
Neven was first elected to the municipal council of Halen in 1976 and ended up in the opposition. In 1980 he also became a member of the provincial council of Limburg. After the municipal elections of 1982 he became mayor. He remained mayor until he became a permanent representative of the province of Limburg in 1986. He was replaced as mayor by . After the provincial elections of 1991 he was replaced as deputy by Hilde Houben-Bertrand.

Neven died in Halen on 15 January 2025, at the age of 76.

## References
Meßkirch

**Meßkirch** is a town in Sigmaringen in Baden-Württemberg in Germany. It is southwest of Sigmaringen, between the Danube and Lake Constance.

Composer Conradin Kreutzer, archbishop Conrad Gröber and philosopher Martin Heidegger were born in Meßkirch.

## Districts 
## History 
In 1800, the Battle of Meßkirch was fought between French and Austrian troops during the War of the Second Coalition. An inscription commemorates the name Messkirch ("MOESKIRCH") on the Arc de Triomphe in Paris.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Official website 
* Renaissance castle in Messkirch
Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor

**Maximilian I** (22 March 1459 – 12 January 1519) was King of the Romans from 1486 and Holy Roman Emperor from 1508 until his death in 1519. He was never crowned by the Pope, as the journey to Rome was blocked by the Venetians. He announced himself elected emperor in 1508 at Trent, Italy, with the pope later recognizing it. This broke the tradition of requiring a papal coronation for the adoption of the Imperial title. Maximilian was the only surviving son of Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor, and Eleanor of Portugal. Since his coronation as King of the Romans in 1486, he ran a double government, or *Doppelregierung*, with his father until Frederick's death in 1493.

## Regnal titles
## References
Presidency of George W. Bush

**George Walker Bush** served as the 43rd President of the United States from January 20, 2001 - January 20, 2009. He is a member of the Republican Party. He focused on education reform and fighting terrorism following the September 11th, 2001, terrorist attacks  by the terrorist group Al Qaeda, led by Osama Bin Laden. In 2001, he declared war against al Queda and a country that supported al Queda, Afghanistan, led by the Taliban since 1996. In 2002, he controversially signed No Child Left Behind Act into law, which was ended in 2015 under President Barack Obama. In 2003, Bush ordered the military to invade Iraq on the false claims that Iraq had started making Weapons of Mass Destruction, which Iraq was banned from doing after the Gulf War from 1990-1991. In 2004, George W. Bush and his Vice President, Dick Cheney won reelection and was sworn in on January 20th, 2005. Later in 2005, a category 5 hurricane named Hurricane Katrina struck New Orleans, Louisiana, though it had slowed down to a slightly slower category 3. Bush's reaction and the Federal Emergency Management Agency's (FEMA) poor management of rescue efforts to save victims of the disaster was heavily criticized. In 2008, the housing bubble burst, and resulted in the 2008 Great Recession, a period between 2008-2009 where 10 million Americans lost their homes and 7% of Americans (8.7 million people) lost their jobs as a result of the economy crashing.

## References
Aphallia

**Aphallia** is a very rare intersex genetic disorder where someone is born without a phallus (penis or clitoris). In males, this is called **penile agenesis** and in females, this is called **clitoral agenesis**. Around 100 cases of it have been found. It is estimated to affect 1 in 10,000,000 to 30,000,000 people.

## Symptoms 
People with aphallia are born without the phallus. In males, this is the penis and in females, this is the clitoris. Males with  aphallia usually still have a normal scrotum and testes. Sometimes, the testes may be undescended, meaning they are in the lower abdomen instead of outside the body. Sometimes, this condition can affect the way someone urinates (pees). Males with aphallia may have their urethra be in the anus. This means they urinate from the rectum. Usually, people with aphallia are still fertile (can have kids), but they may need medical operations done on them so they can do so.

People with aphallia may have issues with their kidneys or bladder.

## Causes 
The cause of aphallia is not fully known. It is believed to be caused by issues with hormones and chromosomes when a fetus forms. Sometimes, a phalloplasty will be done. This is a surgery that will give someone a penis.

Doctors debate on what gender males with aphallia should be raised as. Usually, they will be raised as male. Sometimes, someone with aphallia will be raised as a female instead. This is controversial.

## Prevalence 
Only about 100 cases of aphallia have been found. It is estimated that 1 in 10,000,000 to 30,000,000 people have aphallia. 

## References
XXYY syndrome

**XXYY syndrome** is a rare genetic disorder. Usually, a male will have one X chromosome and one Y chromosome, but people with this disorder have two of each. They have 48 chromosomes instead of the usual 46. There are many different symptoms this disorder causes, such as mental issues and problems with the reproductive system. About 1 in every 18,000 to 40,000 males have XXYY syndrome.
## Symptoms 
### Physical 
People with XXYY syndrome are usually very tall. The average height for people with this disorder is 193 cm (6 ft 4 in). People with XXYY syndrome may also have problems with their skeleton. These problems include clinodactyly (very curved or bent fingers), radioulnar synostosis (where the ulna and radius bones in the arm are connected), and flat feet. It is also common for people with XXYY syndrome to have problems with their teeth.

People with XXYY syndrome have a higher chance of having other conditions. Examples include asthma, type 2 diabetes, seizures, and strabismus. The average IQ in people with XXYY syndrome is around 60 to 80 (the average is around 90 to 109). People with XXYY syndrome are usually shy. However, they may be more aggressive, hyperactive, and impulsive.

People with XXYY syndrome may have dyspraxia. This means they may be clumsy, trip often, and have troubles walking up stairs. If this is not treated, then people with XXYY syndrome may not have body hair and they also have low energy. Gynecomastia, a condition where a male's breasts are larger, could also happen.

## Treatment 
Many people with XXYY syndrome struggle with having low testosterone levels. Because of this, some people with the disorder will take medications that give them more testosterone. This can improve the strength of their bones and muscles and improve their mental abilities. Many people with XXYY may see an endocrinologist (a doctor who helps with hormones in the endocrine system) regularly.

People with XXYY syndrome usually struggle with talking. They may need help with speech, even into adulthood. Adults with XXYY syndrome usually need help learning how to do daily tasks. Because XXYY syndrome is similar to Klinefelter syndrome, it was originally thought to be a variant of Klinefelter syndrome. However it has since been considered to be a separate disorder.

## References
Shirley, New York

**Shirley** is a hamlet (and census-designated place) in Suffolk County, New York, United States.

* https://archive.today/20200212192558/http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_DP/G001/1600000US3667070
Loßburg

**Loßburg** is a municipality in Freudenstadt in Baden-Württemberg in southern Germany.

## Twin towns 
Loßburg is twinned with:
*  Anse, France
*  Hammerbrücke, Saxony, Germany
*  Harta, Hungary

## References
Mengen, Germany

**Mengen** is a town in Sigmaringen, Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It is 9&nbsp;km southeast of Sigmaringen.

## References
Urdaneta, Pangasinan

**Urdaneta**, officially **City of Urdaneta**, is a component city in the province of Pangasinan, Philippines. In 2020, 144,577 people lived there.

## Media
### Radio
*DWHJ Radyo Bagamat 1377 kHz (DWHJ-AM; Chingaba Community Broadcasting Corporation) 
*DZAI 92.1 
*DZIA 95.7
Prince Rupert, British Columbia

**Prince Rupert** is a city in British Columbia which on the Kaien Island, near the Alaskan panhandle and the Pacific Ocean to the west. Prince Rupert's transport of land, air and water is known as the transportation hub in the North Coast Regional District. The city has a ferry called the *Prince Rupert Ferry Terminal*, which travels to other nearby ferries. The population of the city is about 12,300 as of 2021.

## Related pages
*Prince George, British Columbia
Genesis GV70

The **Genesis GV70** is a mid-size luxury Crossover SUV made by Genesis since 2020.

## History and Features 
The Genesis GV70 was launched on the same year as the Genesis GV80 in 2020 its the second SUV from the brand. it has a 2.5 liter turbo and a 3.5 liter V6 petrol engine and a 2.2 liter diesel engine with only a 8-speed automatic transmission.

There's also a electric version called Electrified GV70 showed at the Guangzhou Auto Show in 2021. and launched in March 2022 it has a electric motor with 429 hp and a 1-speed reduction gear both standard and electric versions got facelifted in 2024.

## Markets 
The Genesis GV70 is currently sold worldwide mainly in North America South Korea and etc.

## References
Be Prepared

"**Be Prepared**" is a song written by Elton John and Tim Rice (music and lyrics, respectively) from Disney's 1994 animated feature film *The Lion King*. The song was originally performed in this film by Jeremy Irons and Jim Cummings, with Whoopi Goldberg and Cheech Marin providing supporting vocals.

The song is also featured in Disney's 1997 Broadway stage musical *The Lion King*, with John Vickery, Kevin Cahoon, Stanley Wayne Mathis, and Tracy Nicole Chapmanperforming it in the original Broadway cast for the musical. Chiwetel Ejiofor performed an altered version of the song in Disney's 2019 live-action remake.
William Robinson Brown

**William Robinson Brown** William Robinson "W. R." Brown (January 17, 1875 – August 4, 1955) was an American corporate officer of the Brown Company of Berlin, New Hampshire.
## Sources
I Just Can't Wait to Be King

"'''I Just Can't Wait to Be King'*" is a song written by Elton John (music) and Tim Rice(lyrics) for the Disney animated feature film *The Lion King'' (1994). The song was performed in 1992 by American actor and singer Jason Weaver as the singing voice of young Simba, with English actor Rowan Atkinson and American actress Laura Williams providing supporting vocals in their roles as Zazu and the singing voice of young Nala, respectively.

The song was featured in the 2019 film adaptation, performed by JD McCrary, Shahadi Wright Joseph, and John Oliver.
Nintendo Switch 2

The **Nintendo Switch 2** is a video game console developed by Nintendo. It was revealed on January 16, 2025, and released on June 5th. While it is able to support some original Nintendo Switch games, there are still a few Switch games that lack compatibility.

## Games 
* *Cyberpunk 2077*
* *Nintendo Switch 2 Welcome Tour*
* *Donkey Kong Bananza*
* *Drag X Drive*
* *Fast Fusion*
* *Hogwarts Legacy*
* *Kirby Air Riders*
* *Mario Kart World*
* *Pokémon Pokopia*
Some games for the first Nintendo Switch are able to be played on the Switch 2, such as Super Smash Bros. Ultimate, and a small amount of them are eligible for a free Switch 2 upgrade, such as Super Mario Odyssey. Some games such as Super Mario Party Jamboree have a Switch 2 Edition version that you have to pay for.

## New features 
*There is a second USB-C port at the top of the device (The Switch 1 only had one USB-C port).

*Webcam support has been added, with a webcam accessory available. Smartphones can be used as a webcam unofficially with a capture card.

*Microphone(s) that can filter out the background noise.

*The right controller has a "C" button, which allows "Gamechat," a voice chat service while playing.

*The controllers have magnets to attach to the system replacing the rail system the original system used..

## Notes
## References
## Other websites 
* Official website
Honda Brio

The **Honda Brio** is a City car made by Honda since 2011.

## First Generation (2011-2018) 
The Honda Brio was first previewed by the concept New Small showed at the Thailand International Motor Expo in 2010. the car was launched in 2011 positioned below the Honda Fit/Jazz and was made mainly for growing markets the Brio has a 1.2 and 1.3 liter gasoline engines and a 5-speed both manual and automatic CVT transmissions it was facelifted in 2016.

## Second Generation (2018-present) 
The Second generation of the Honda Brio was like the previous gen was  also previewed by another concept called Small RS shown at the Indonesia International Auto Show in April 2018 and four months later in August the production version was shown at the Gaikindo Indonesia Auto Show.

it keeped some things from the previous gen like the plataform and due to weak sales in Thailand and India its produced only in Indonesia. it has a 1.2 liter petrol engine with only a 5-speed manual CVT transmission it was facelifted in 2022.

## Markets 
The Honda Brio is currently sold in Indonesia Vietnam Brunei. and Philipines it was previously sold in Thailand. India and South Africa.

## References
Lake Caliraya

**Lake Caliraya** is a man-made lake situated in the municipalities of *Lumban*, *Cavinti*, and *Kalayaan* in the province of Laguna, Philippines. Created in 1939, the lake has developed as a destination for water sports and recreational fishing. 

Lake Caliraya was created after the construction of **Caliraya Dam**, an *embankment dam* started in 1939 by the US Army Corps of Engineers Chief in the Philippines, Lieutenant Colonel (later Major General) Hugh J. Casey, with the approval of Philippine Commonwealth President Manuel L. Quezon.  The Caliraya River was dammed at its outlet from a large flat plateau area providing a large water reservoir for generating hydroelectric power for Southern Luzon. The dam was over  high from which a diversion canal was constructed several miles to the head of a steep slope about 950 feet above *Laguna de Bay*. Large *penstocks* were constructed diverting water down to the powerhouse below, with *"tailrace"* down to the Laguna lake. The high head permitted the use of high-speed turbines and generators at relatively low unit costs. Initial estimate for the project was $5 million, or 10 million pesos, and an output of 40,000 horsepower. 

The rehabilitation of 25 hectares of denuded upland forest along the eastern (Brgy, Caliraya) and northern (Brgy, Paowin) shores of the *Caliraya Watershed* in the Cavinti municipality of Laguna was signed in a memorandum of agreement (MOA) between the country's Climate Change Commission (CCC) and National Power Corporation (Napocor).

## Geography
Lake Caliraya is situated approximately 1,200 feet above sea level, and is elevated high in Luzon's Sierra Madre mountain range. The lake's bottom, as well as the surrounding hills, are characterized by a reddish clay topsoil. The lake's floor has a very soft clay bottom. The locality is characterized by blowing winds from the start of September up until late May the following year.

## References
A Question of Lust

"**A Question of Lust**" is a 1986 song by Depeche Mode and is the second single from their fifth studio album *Black Celebration*. It went to number 28 in the United Kingdom, number 13 in Ireland, number 8 in Germany, number 19 in the Netherlands, number 17 in Sweden, number 15 in Finland, number 12 in Switzerland and number 32 in Belgium.

## Track listings
All songs written by Martin L. Gore, except "Christmas Island", written by Gore and Alan Wilder, and "If You Want", written by Wilder.

* **7" single: Mute / 7Bong11 (UK)**
# "A Question of Lust"&nbsp;– 4:29
# "Christmas Island"&nbsp;– 4:51

* The single version is basically the album version but without the cross-fade from the previous track ("Fly on the Windscreen").
* **12" single: Mute / 12Bong11 (UK)**
# "A Question of Lust"&nbsp;– 4:29
# "Christmas Island (Extended)"&nbsp;– 5:37
# "People are People (Live)"&nbsp;– 4:21
# "It Doesn't Matter Two (Instrumental)"&nbsp;– 2:49
# "A Question of Lust (Minimal)"&nbsp;– 6:49

* Released on CD in Germany by Intercord: **INT 826.841** (1986)
* **Cassette single: Mute / CBong11 (UK)**
# "A Question of Lust (Flood Mix)"&nbsp;– 5:07 [*]
# "Christmas Island"&nbsp;– 4:51
# "If You Want (Live)"&nbsp;– 5:16
# "Shame (Live)"&nbsp;– 4:13
# "Blasphemous Rumours (Live)"&nbsp;– 5:25

* This format came in a 7" card envelope with an insert and a badge.
* Released on 12" in Germany by Intercord: **INT 126.844 (L12Bong11)** (1986). This was the only vinyl release of the UK Mute CBONG11 cassette
* Released on CD in France by Virgin: **30167** (1986). This was the only, very rare CD release of the CBONG11 cassette.
* Alan Wilder is quoted as saying that when Flood eventually delivered his remix of "A Question of Lust", the band were surprised to hear that half of the sounds had been omitted. They were understandably annoyed therefore when it emerged that Mute Records had not actually sent him both the multi-track tapes.
* **12" single: Sire / 0-20530 (US)**
# "A Question of Lust (Minimal)"&nbsp;– 6:49
# "Black Celebration (Live)"&nbsp;– 6:05
# "A Question of Time (Extended Remix)"&nbsp;– 6:38
# "Something to Do (Live)"&nbsp;– 3:50

* "A Question of Lust (Minimal)" is titled "A Question of Lust (Extended Version)"
* Double A-side with "A Question of Time"

## References
Honda Fit

The **Honda Fit** is a subcompact car made by Honda since 2001.

## First Generation (2001-2008) 
The Honda Fit debuted for the first time in Japan in 2001 and later in Europe (as the Honda Jazz) and other regions. The North American version was shown at the North American International Auto Show in 2006 in The United States and Canada. It debuted in 2006 as a 2007 model. The First Generation had a 1.2 (available in Europe only), 1.3, and 1.5 liter petrol engines, as well as a 5-speed both manual and automatic CVT transmissions.

## Second Generation (2007-2014) 
The Second Generation of the Fit was launched at the Tokyo Motor Show in 2007 the second gen is bigger than the first Gen and won The Car Of The Year Japan.

It has a 1.2 (available in Europe only), 1.3, and 1.5 liter petrol engines. A hybrid version combining a 1.3 liter petrol engine with a electric motor was launched in 2010. The car also has a 5-speed and 6-speed manual transmissions. A 5-speed automatic transmission and a 6-speed manual automated CVT transmission. The Fit also has a electric version called Fit EV first shown as a concept and then mass produced the production version was shown at the Los Angeles Auto Show in 2011. it was facelifted in 2011.

## Third Generation (2013-2020) 
The third Generation was introduced in 2013 and retains the same concept as the previous generations. The third gen Fit also shares its platform with the Honda HRV. It has a 1.2, 1.3, and 1.5 liter petrol engines, as well as a 1.5 liter turbo diesel engine (only available in India ) with a 5-speed and 6-speed manual transmissions. Like the previous generation, the third generation has a hybrid version combining a 1.5 liter petrol engine with a electric motor, and has a 7-speed DCT transmission. The hybrid version was sold only in Japan and Malaysia, and the third generation got facelifted in 2017.

## Fourth Generation (2020-present) 
The fourth Generation was shown at the Tokyo Motor Show and in Amsterdam, Netherlands in 2019. This generation isn't sold in North America due to weak sales of the previous generation, and was discontinued in other markets. The Fit has a 1.3 liter (available in Japan only), and 1.5 liter petrol engines, as well as a hybrid version with a CVT transmission and a e-CVT (in hybrid version only); it was later facelifted.

## Markets 
The Honda Fit is currently sold in Japan, Europe (where is available as a hybrid only), South Africa, Brunei, China, Singapore, New Zealand, Taiwan, and Hong Kong. In Latin America and many Southeast Asian countries, it was replaced by the Honda City hatch, and was discontinued in North America due to weak sales of subcompact cars.

## References
Bottlenose whale

(*Hyperoodon ampullatus*)]]
The **bottlenose whales** are a type of beaked whales that form the genus ***Hyperoodon***. They only have two species, the northern and southern bottlenose whale.

## Species 
* *Hyperoodon ampullatus* Forster, 1770 (Northern bottlenose whale)
* *Hyperoodon planifrons* Flower, 1882 (Southern bottlenose whale)

## References
Alex Newhook

**Alex Newhook** (born January 28, 2001) is a Canadian professional ice hockey centre. He currently plays for the Montreal Canadiens of the National Hockey League (NHL). He has also played for the Colorado Avalanche. 

He won the Stanley Cup in 2022 while playing for the Avalanche.

## Career
Before playing in the NHL, Newhook played parts of 2 seasons with the Victoria Grizzlies of the British Columbia Hockey League (BCHL) and a year and a half with the Boston College Eagles.

During his time with the Grizzlies, Newhook was awarded the Vern Dye Memorial Award for most valuable player and led the league in points. In 2020, he won the Tim Taylor Award, leading all Hockey East freshmen in both points and goals. He was the first Eagle to win the award.

He was drafted 16th overall by the Colorado Avalanche in the 2019 NHL Entry Draft. On March 31, 2021, Newhook signed a three-year, entry-level contract with the Colorado Avalanche. On May 5, Newhook made his NHL debut in a 3-2 loss against the San Jose Sharks. On May 7, he recorded his first NHL point, assisting on a Cale Makar goal in a 3-1 win against the Los Angeles Kings. On May 21, Newhook scored his first NHL goal in a 5–1 Game 3 win against the St. Louis Blues in the first round of the 2021 Stanley Cup playoffs. Newhook went on to help the Avalanche defeat the Tampa Bay Lightning 4 games to 2 in the 2022 Stanley Cup Finals to win the Stanley Cup.

On June 27, 2023, the Avalanche traded Newhook to the Montreal Canadiens in exchange for prospect Gianni Fairbrother, along with a first and second round pick. On July 11, the Canadiens signed Newhook to a four-year, $11.6-million contract.

## References
## Other websites 
*
Succotash

**Succotash** is a North American vegetable dish. It is mostly made of sweet corn with lima beans or other shell beans. The name *succotash* is derived from the Narragansett word *sahquttahhash*, which means "broken corn kernels". Other ingredients may be added, such as onions, potatoes, turnips, tomatoes, bell peppers, corned beef, salt pork, or okra. Combining a grain with a legume provides a dish that is high in all essential amino acids.
Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor

**Ferdinand II** (9 July 1578 (NS: 19 July 1578) — 19 February 1637) was the Holy Roman Emperor, King of Bohemia, Hungary, and Croatia from 1619 to 1637 He was the son of Charles II Francis of Austria and Maria Anna of Bavaria. He was succeeded by his son Ferdinand III, Holy Roman Emperor. He was the cousin (1st cousin, once removed) of his predecessors Matthias, Holy Roman Emperor and Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor, and because they had no children he became the Holy Roman Emperor.

## Issue
## Ancestry
## Male-line family tree
### Gallery related to Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor

Portrait of Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor (Kunsthistorisches Museum, Wien).jpg|Ferdinand II as an archduke, 
Jan van den Hoecke - Portrait of Emperor Ferdinand III.jpg|Ferdinand III, Holy Roman Emperor, Ferdinand's son
Joachim von Sandrart - Erzherzogin Maria Anna (1610-1665), Kurfürstin von Bayern.jpg|Archduchess and Electress Maria Anna of Austria, Ferdinand's daughter

## Regnal titles
|-

 |}

## References
## Other websites
Honda Amaze

The **Honda Amaze** is a subcompact Sedan made by Honda since 2013.

## First Generation (2013-2018) 
The First Generation was launched for the first time in India in April 2013. It was developed at Honda's research and development Asia-Pacific in Bangkok and is made in Greater Noida and Rajasthan. It has a 1.2 1.3 turbo petrol engines (avaliable in Southeast Asia only) and a 1.5 liter turbo diesel engine (avaliable in India only) with a 5-speed both manual automatic and CVT transmissions. It was facelifted in 2016.

## Second Generation (2018-2024) 
The Second Generation was debuted at the February 2018 Auto Expo. Honda said it is bulit on a separte plataform derived from the sixth gen Honda City. Now it has a 1.2 liter petrol engine and a 1.5 liter turbo diesel engine with only a 5-speed manual CVT transmission. It got facelifted in 2021.

## Third Generation (2024-present) 
The third generation was shown in December 2024. It has the same transmission and some other features from the previous gen.

## Markets 
The Honda Amaze is currently sold only in the Indian market it was previously sold in Thailand. Philipines. and Nepal.

## References
Aniruddhacharya

**Aniruddh Ram Tiwari** (born 27 September 1989) also known as **Das Aniruddh** or simply **Aniruddhacharya**, is an Indian spiritual leader and story-teller. Additionally, he is the founder of Gauri Gopal Ashram in Vrindavan. Several memes have been created on social media based on his statements.

## Reference
## Other websites 
*
Tatanka Means

**Tatanka Wanbli Sapa Xila Sabe Means** (born February 19, 1985) is an American actor and comedian, of Oglala Lakota, Omaha, Yankton Dakota, and Diné descent. He is best known for his roles in Killers of the Flower Moon and The Son.

## References
Dimitar Glavchev

**Dimitar Borisov Glavchev** (born 15 August 1963) is a Bulgarian politician. He was the Prime Minister of Bulgaria from 2024 to 2025. He was a Member of the National Assembly from 2009 to 2021.

## Notes
## References
Rosen Zhelyazkov

**Rosen Dimitrov Zhelyazkov** (born 5 April 1968) is a Bulgarian politician who has served as the Prime Minister of Bulgaria from 2025 until 2026. He resigned on 11 December 2025 following large protests. He is a member of the GERB party.

He was Speaker of the National Assembly from 2023 to 2024. He was also a Member of the National Assembly from 2021 to 2025 and Minister of Transport from 2018 to 2021.

## Notes
## References
XYYY syndrome

**XYYY syndrome** is a very rare genetic disorder. Usually, a male will have one X chromosome and one Y chromosome, but people with XYYY syndrome have three Y chromosomes. They have 48 chromosomes instead of the usual 46. The symptoms vary, but they usually include mild intellectual disability, small issues with the skeleton, and infertility. There have only been sixteen cases seen in medicine. Of these cases, twelve are non-mosaic and four are mosaic.

## Symptoms 
The symptoms for XYYY syndrome vary. It is also not known if some people have a mild case of the disorder and have not been diagnosed.

### Physical 
People with XYYY syndrome may have small problems with their skeleton. Common problems are clinodactyly (where the finger is very curved or bent), radioulnar synostosis (where the ulna and radius in the arm are connected), and problems with the teeth. Some people with XYYY syndrome may have aggressive or impulsive behaviors related to sex. Others may not have any interest in having sex. One peson with XYYY syndrome had gender dysphoria.

People with XYYY syndrome may also have severe acne. However, it is believed that they are aggressive because of an abusive childhood rather than the disorder. People with XYYY syndrome are usually insecure, immature, and shy.

## Causes 
XYYY syndrome is caused when a male has one X chromosome and three Y chromosomes instead of one X chromosome and one Y chromosome as usual. This happens because of nondisjunction. Nondisjunction is when chromosomes in gametes (sperm and eggs) do not split right. This leads to people having more chromosomes.

## Diagnosis 
 of someone with XYYY syndrome]]
XYYY syndrome is diagnosed through a karyotype. This is when geneticists test and examine someone's DNA to look at their chromosomes. This would find that someone has three Y chromosomes instead of just one.

## Prevalence 
XYYY syndrome is very rare. There have only been twelve non-mosaic cases. The next time XYYY syndrome was found was in 1972.

## References
Heavy-lift launch vehicle

A **heavy-lift launch vehicle** (HLV) is an orbital launch vehicle that could lift payloads between  into low Earth orbit (LEO). 

## References
Polyphony Digital

**Polyphony Digital Inc.**, formerly **Polys Entertainment**, is a Japanese video games developer founded in 1998 by Kazunori Yamauchi.