open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Seneca Nation of New York

The **Seneca Nation of Indians** is a federally recognized Seneca tribe. It is in western New York. The other Seneca tribes are the Tonawanda Band of Seneca (also in western New York) and the Seneca-Cayuga Nation of Oklahoma. The three reservations are Cattaraugus Reservation, Allegany Indian Reservation, and the unpopulated Oil Springs Reservation. The nation follows the government made in 1848 at the Constitutional Convention of Seneca. Offices include 16 Councilors, three Executives (President, Treasurer, Clerk), and Court justices (Surrogates and Peacemakers). There are elections every two years. There are several casinos in the area.

## Related pages 
* Seneca people 
* Iroquois

## References
Tonawanda Band of Seneca

The **Tonawanda Seneca Nation** (previously known as the **Tonawanda Band of Seneca Indians**) (Seneca: ***Ta:nöwö:deʼ Onödowáʼga꞉ Yoindzadeʼ***) is a federally recognized tribe in the State of New York. They have a traditional government with sachem. The Seneca are one of the original Five Nations of the Iroquois Confederacy. They speak the Seneca language. The other nationally recognized Seneca tribes are the Seneca Nation of Indians and the Seneca-Cayuga Nation. The Tonawanda nation did not approve the 1848 Seneca government reform. The US Government recognized a separate Tonawanda tribe in 1857.

## Related pages 
* Seneca Nation of Indians
* Seneca-Cayuga Nation 
* Seneca people 
* Iroquois

## References
Silke Jonkman

**Silke Jonkman** (born 26 January 1997) is a Dutch long distance runner. Jonkman represents the Netherlands internationally. 
She is trained by Eddy Kiemel. In 2021 she won the silver medal at the national championships in the cross event. In April 2022 she won the Klap tot Klaploop. 

She competed at the 2022 European Athletics Championships in the 10,000 metres event where she finished eleventh. 

## References
Seneca–Cayuga Nation

The **Seneca–Cayuga Nation** is a United States federally recognized tribe of the Seneca people. They are in the northeast of Oklahoma, United States. They are originally from the Iroquois. They used to live around Ohio and New York. The other Seneca tribes are in New York. They are the Seneca Nation of Indians and the Tonawanda Band of Seneca.

## Related pages 
* Seneca Nation of Indians  
* Tonawanda Band of Seneca
* Seneca people 
* Iroquois

## References
Voiceless alveolar implosive

The **voiceless alveolar implosive** is a rare sound used in some spoken languages. Its symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet is  or . 
## Uses 
## Related pages 
* Voiced alveolar implosive
## References
### Works cited
* 

## Other websites
*
Plants vs. Zombies 2

'''''Plants vs. Zombies 2: It's About Time'''* is a tower defense game developed by PopCap Games and published by Electronic Arts. The game is a sequel to the original *Plants vs. Zombies* and was released for iOS on July 9, 2013. The game was later ported to other platforms including Android, Windows Phone, Windows 8.1, and BlackBerry 10.

## Gameplay 
In *Plants vs. Zombies 2*, the player takes on the role of Crazy Dave, who uses a time machine to travel back in time and prevent the zombies from eating his brain. The game is divided into several different eras, each taking place in a different time period, such as Ancient Egypt, the Wild West, and the Future.

The gameplay in *Plants vs. Zombies 2* is similar to that of the original game, with players using a variety of different plants to defend against waves of zombies. However, the game introduces new features such as plant food, which can be used to give plants temporary boosts, and power-ups, which can be used to defeat large groups of zombies.

The game also features new zombie types, each with their own unique abilities and weaknesses. For example, the Pirate Zombie can steal plants and carry them to the back of the lawn, while the Chicken Wrangler Zombie can release a swarm of zombie chickens.

## Reception 
*Plants vs. Zombies 2'' was generally well-received, with critics praising the game's graphics, gameplay, and overall presentation. However, the game was criticized for its use of microtransactions and the difficulty of some of the later levels.

Despite these criticisms, *Plants vs. Zombies 2* has maintained a large player base and has been updated regularly with new content and features.

## Sequels and Spin-offs 
Following the success of *Plants vs. Zombies 2*, several sequels and spin-offs have been released, including *Plants vs. Zombies: Garden Warfare*, *Plants vs. Zombies: Garden Warfare 2*, *Plants vs. Zombies Heroes and Plants vs. Zombies 3*.

## Other websites 
* Plants vs. Zombies 2 official website
*
Minke Bisschops

**Minke Bisschops** (born 2 September 2002) is a Dutch sprinter. Bisschops represents the Netherlands at international competitions. 

She competed at the 2022 World Athletics Championships in the 4 × 100 metres relay event. She also competed at the 2022 European Athletics Championships in München. 

## References
Jasmijn Lau

**Jasmijn Lau** (born 11 March 1999) is a Dutch long distance runner. Lau represents the Netherlands at international competitions. 

Lau beame multiple times national champion in the 10000 metres. She became under-23 European Champion at the 2021 European Athletics U23 Championships in the 10000 metres event. After a long injury she competed at the 2022 European Athletics Championships in the 10,000 metres event. 

## References
The Pallisers

**The Pallisers** is a British TV show. It is an adaption of the novels by Anthony Trollope and aired on BBC2 from 19 January to 21 November, 1974 for 26 episodes. It is set the 19th century.

## Other websites
*BBC programme
*
Chaïm Soutine

, *Portrait of Soutine*, 1916]]
**Chaïm Soutine** (13 January 1893 – 9 August 1943) was a Belarusian expressionist painter who settled in Paris. 

## Selected paintings

File:Chaïm Soutine - Vue de Céret.jpg|*View of Céret*
File:1918, Soutine, Self Portrait.jpg|*Self-Portrait* (1918)
File:Chaim Soutine.jpg|*Nude*
File:ChaimSoutine 1925 - Le groom.png|*Le groom* (1925)
File:Chaïm Soutine - Paysage aux toits Rouges (1919).jpg|*Paysage aux toits Rouges* (1919)
Harry Fonseca

**Harry Eugene Fonseca** (5 January 1946 – 28 December 2006) was a Nisenan Native American artist.

## Other websites 
* The Fonseca Studio
Schweigt stille, plaudert nicht, BWV 211

'''*Schweigt stille, plaudert nicht*, BWV 211**, also known as the ***Coffee Cantata*''', is a cantata by Johann Sebastian Bach. Unlike most of his other cantatas, it is not a religious cantata. It is a cantata about coffee.

## History 
Bach was the leader of the collegium musicum in Leipzig. He performed concerts in Café Zimmermann, a coffeehouse in Leipzig. The text of the cantata was published by Picander in 1732. Bach may have written the music around 1734.

In Bach's time, coffee was expensive. People also thought that drinking coffee was not a good thing.

## Plot 
The cantata begins with the narrator telling the audience to be quiet. Schlendrian enters with his daughter, Liesgen. He is angry because Liesgen likes to drink coffee. Schlendrian threatens to take away everything from Liesgen if she does not stop drinking coffee. Liesgen does not care. Finally, Schlendrian threatens that Liesgen will never get a husband if she does not stop drinking coffee. Liesgen promises to stop drinking coffee. Schlendrian leaves to find Liesgen a husband. Liesgen secretly says that her new husband must allow her to make her coffee whenever she wants. The narrator, Liesgen, and Schlendrian sing a closing chorus together.

## Structure 
The cantata is written for soprano (as Liesgen), tenor (as the narrator), and bass (as Schlendrian) soloists, a flute, two violins, and basso continuo. It has ten movements.

# Recitative: 
# Aria: 
# Recitative: 
# Aria: 
# Recitative: 
# Aria: 
# Recitative: 
# Aria: 
# Recitative: 
# Chorus: 

## References 
## Other websites 
* Schweigt stille, plaudert nicht, BWV 211: performance by the Netherlands Bach Society (video and background information)
* 
* Schweigt stille, plaudert nicht: history, scoring, Bach website 
* BWV 211 Schweigt stille, plaudert nicht: English translation, University of Vermont
* Bach Cantata Translations : German libretto with parallel English translation by Pamela Dellal
Sapphire-throated hummingbird

The **sapphire-throated hummingbird** *Lepidopyga coeruleogularis* is a bright metallic-green hummingbird found in Panama, Colombia. More recently, it is seen in Costa Rica. 

## References
If a Man Answers

***If a Man Answers*** is a 1962 American romantic comedy movie directed by Henry Levin and was based on the novel of the same name by Winifred Wolfe. It stars Bobby Darin, Sandra Dee, Micheline Presle, John Lund, Cesar Romero, Stefanie Powers, John Bleifer and was distributed by Universal Pictures.

## Other websites
*
*
*

## References
Jeremiah Clarke

**Jeremiah Clarke** (  1 December 1707) was an English baroque composer and organist. He is best known as the composer of the ''Prince of Denmark's March*, also called the *Trumpet Voluntary''.

## Life 
His early life is unknown. He was a singer at the Chapel Royal by 1685. He was an organist at Winchester College from 1692 to 1695. He became the vicar-choral of St Paul's Cathedral, London. On 15 May 1704, he became an organist at the Chapel Royal with William Croft. He shot himself on 1 December 1707.

## Music 
Clarke wrote church music, theatre music, and harpsichord music. His most famous work is the ''Prince of Denmark's March*. It was first published as a harpsichord piece in *A Choice Collection of Ayres for the Harpsichord* in 1700.

Another famous piece, the *Trumpet Tune in D* may have also been written by Clarke. It was also mistakenly thought to have been composed by Henry Purcell. It is a movement from *The Island Princess'', a set of incidental music. It was written together by Clarke and Daniel Purcell, Henry Purcell's younger brother.

## References
Ronald Schröer

**Ronald Schröer** (born 28 September 1984) is a Dutch long distance runner. Schröer represents Netherlands at international competitions. 

Schröer is multipe times Dutch national champion. He participates at European Athletics Championships since 2012 in 10,000 metres or the marathon event. He competed at the 2022 European Athletics Championships in the marathon event.

## References
Kinzau Dam

The **Kinzua Dam** is one of the largest dams east of the Mississippi River. It is along the Allegheny River in Warren County, Pennsylvania. It was created to control floods. 

The construction of the dam forced many Native American Seneca people off of their land. The Seneca lost a lot of farming land. They wrote a letter to John F. Kennedy to stop the dam. He refused. They lost the Cornplanter Tract. Several towns including Corydon, Kinzua, Quaker Bridge, and Red House were forced to move. 

## Related pages 
* Dam
* Hydroelectric power 
* John F. Kennedy 
* Seneca people 

## References
Bivolt

**Bárbara Bivolt** (São Paulo, November 27, 1993) is a Brazilian R&B singer, model and songwriter. Her hit singles "Pão Com Ovo" and "Olha Pra Mim" made her a household name in Brazil. 

## Biography and career 
At the age of 15, he joined in rhyming battles in São Paulo. He released the first debut album Bivolt which marked a new moment in his career before releasing the album where he wrote three of his own compositions "Lágrimas", "Entre Tu e Meu Som", "Olha Pra Mim". were important songs to win over the public. In July 2013, she started releasing footage from her live performances. In 2016, she received even more popularity when she recorded a song with fellow Brazilian rapper Cafuzo. In September 2018, he signed with Som Livre.

In 2020, she won the RAP TV National Award for Best Female Artist, the awards ceremony was broadcast virtually. In 2018, she was a guest on the TV show Cultura Manos e Minas where she performed singing the release of the song "Olha Pra Mim". 

## Discography 
### Studio albums 
* *Nitro* (2021)

## Awards and Nominations 
## References
Théo Ngwabidje Kasi

**Théo Ngwabidje Kasi** (born 27 March 1971) is a politician from the Democratic Republic of the Congo who is Governor of South Kivu Province since 9 April 2019.

## References
Prince of Denmark's March

The '''''Prince of Denmark's March*** was written by Jeremiah Clarke. It is also called ***Trumpet Voluntary'''*.

It was first published as a harpsichord piece in *A Choice Collection of Ayres for the Harpsichord'' in 1700. It may have been dedicated to Prince George of Denmark and Anne of Great Britain's marriage. It was arranged by Sir Henry Wood for orchestra. He mistakenly thought that Henry Purcell had written the piece. It is often performed in weddings and other ceremonies.

## References 
## Other websites
*
Independence Day (Indonesia)

**Independence Day** is a national holiday in Indonesia. It is celebrated every 17 August. It commemorates the declaration of Indonesian independence on 17 August 1945.
John Sullivan (general)

**John Sullivan** (February 17, 1740 – January 23, 1795) was an American general during the American Revolutionary War and a delegate in the Continental Congress. He was also the third governor of New Hampshire and a United States district judge. 

He led the Sullivan Expedition in 1779 in which he attacked and destroyed many Iroquois towns.
DJ Paul

**Paul Duane Beauregard** (born January 12, 1975), better known by his stage name **DJ Paul**, is an American rapper, DJ, record producer, and actor from Memphis, Tennessee. He is a founding member of hip hop group Three 6 Mafia and an uncle of the late rapper Lord Infamous. He is also a part owner of FaZe Clan.

## Discography 
**Studio albums**
* *Underground Volume 16: For da Summa* (2002)
* *Scale-A-Ton* (2009)
* *A Person of Interest* (2012)
* *Volume 16: The Original Masters* (2013)
* *Master of Evil* (2015)
* *YOTS: Year of the Six Pt. 1* (2016)
* *YOTS: Year of the Six Pt. 2* (2016)
* *Underground Volume 17: For da Summa* (2017)
* *Power, Pleasure & Painful Things* (2019)
* *Drackula: Volume 18* (TBA)

## Filmography 
### Films 
### Television 
## References 

## Other websites 
*
Tom Hendrikse

**Tom Hendrikse** (born 11 August 1998) is a Dutch long distance runner. Hendrikse represents Netherlands at international competitions. 

Hendrikse was not able to run the Dutch qualification time for the marathon at the 2020 Summer Olympics. Until early 2022 Hendrikse had a long injury. 

He competed at the 2022 European Athletics Championships in the marathon event. 

## References
Ivan Maček

**Ivan Maček**, nom de guerre **Matija** (28 May 1908 &ndash; 10 July 1993), was a Yugoslav Communist politician from Slovenia. He served as the President of the People's Assembly of SR Slovenia from 1963 to 1967.

## Early life
Maček was born in Spodnja Zadobrova near Ljubljana, Austria-Hungary (now in Slovenia). He became a member of the Communist Party of Yugoslavia in 1930. In 1935 was sent to the Soviet Union. He studied at the International Lenin School, Moscow. He returned to Yugoslavia in 1937. He became a member of the Central Committee of the Communist party of Slovenia. Yugoslav police detained him in 1938 and he was sentenced to four years in prison in Sremska Mitrovica.

## Later life and death
After the war, Maček moved into a mansion that had been confiscated from the pharmacist Leo Bahovec Maček was minister of the interior and vice-president of the Slovene government (1945–1953), vice-president of the Executive council of PR Slovenia and a member of the Federal Executive Council (1953–1963) and also the President of the People's Assembly of SR Slovenia (1963–1967). He was also a deputy in the National and Federal Assembly.
Maček died in Ljubljana, Slovenia on 10 July 1993 due to heart failure.
## Awards
Maček was declared as the People's Hero of Yugoslavia in 1952.
Nina Garsoïan

**Nina G. Garsoïan**  (April 11, 1923 – August 14, 2022) was a French-born American historian. Her works focused on Armenian and Byzantine history. In 1969 she became the first female historian to get tenure at Columbia University. From 1977 to 1979, she was dean of the Graduate School of Princeton University. She was born in Paris, France.

Garsoïan died on August 14, 2022 in New York City at the age of 99.

## References
Roland Jefferson

**Roland Maurice Jefferson** (born September 3, 1923) was an American botanist. He was the first African-American botanist to work for the United States National Arboretum. He worked there from 1956 to 1987. 

He was a well known person when it came to flowering cherry trees. He wrote a 1977 book on how Washington, D.C. got its famous cherry trees. 

## References
National Cherry Blossom Festival

visible through cherry blossoms across the Tidal Basin]]
The **National Cherry Blossom Festival** is a spring celebration in Washington, D.C.. It celebrates the March 27, 1912, gift of Japanese cherry trees from Mayor Yukio Ozaki of Tokyo City to the city of Washington, D.C.. Ozaki gave the trees to show the growing friendship between the United States and Japan. 

The festival has large and colorful helium balloons, floats, marching bands along with music and other events.

## References
Prunus × yedoensis

'''*Prunus* × *yedoensis*** (synonym ***Cerasus* ×&nbsp;*yedoensis*'*) is a hybrid cherry tree between *Prunus speciosa* (*Oshima cherry*) as father plant and *Prunus pendula* f. *ascendens* (syn. *Prunus itosakura*, *Prunus subhirtella* var. *ascendens*, *Edo higan'') as mother. It is a hybrid born in Japan. It is one of the most popular and widely planted cherry trees around the world today. 

## References
Harriet Hageman

**Harriet M. Hageman** (born October 18, 1962) is an American lawyer and Republican politician. She is the member of the U.S. House of Representatives representing Wyoming's at-large congressional district since 2023.

In August 2022, Hageman beat incumbent U.S. Representative Liz Cheney in a landslide victory. Her campaign was supported by former President Donald Trump. She was a candidate for Governor of Wyoming in the 2018 election.

In December 2025, Hageman announced her candidacy for the U.S. Senate in the 2026 election.

## References
Palatal click

The **palatal click** is a sound used in some spoken languages. There are three different types of palatal click. They are tenuis, voiced, and nasal.
Duggie Brown

**Duggie Brown** (born **Barry Dudley**; 7 August 1940 – 16 August 2022) was an English comedian and actor. He was born in Rotherham, England. His career began in 1969. He played the Milkman in the movie *Kes* and George Freeman in the soap opera *Coronation Street*.

Brown died on 16 August 2022, nine days after his 82nd birthday.

## References
Kal David

**David Raskin** (June 15, 1943 – August 16, 2022), was an American blues guitarist and singer-songwriter. He was known as the voice of the "Sonny Eclipse" animatronic at Cosmic Ray's Starlight Cafe at Walt Disney World's Magic Kingdom.

Raskin died on August 16, 2022 at the age of 79.

## References
Hans Peterson

**Hans Peterson** (26 October 1922 – 16 August 2022) was a Swedish children's writer. He was born in Väring, Sweden.

During his career, he was honored with the Svenska Dagbladet Literature Prize (1955), Nils Holgersson Plaque (1958), Deutscher Jugendliteraturpreis (1959) and Astrid Lindgren Prize (1971).

Peterson committed suicide on 16 August 2022 in Mölle, Sweden at the age of 99.

## References
Fort Laramie, Wyoming

**Fort Laramie** is a town in Goshen County, Wyoming, United States. The population was 206 at the 2020 census.

## References
Brentwood, Los Angeles

**Brentwood** is a suburban neighborhood in the Westside area of Los Angeles. It is a lightly populated residential district. The people are older, well-educated, and have high incomes.

## References
## Other websites
* Map of Los Angeles neighborhoods
Copa Constitució

The **Copa Constitució** is the cup competition in Andorran football. It started in 1991. The winner of the Copa is playing in the qualification for  UEFA Europa League.
## Mode
The cup is played in five rounds. In the first round the eight best teams of the Segona Divisió play four matches. The winner must play against the under half of the table of the Primera Divisió . In the third round the best teams of the Primera Divisió start in the competition. Then a half- and a final is played.
## Finals
1992 and 1993 the cup was not held.

## References
Narayan (writer)

**Narayan** (26 September 1940 – 16 August 2022) was an Indian writer. He was best known for his debut novel *Kocharethi* (1998). He was born in Idukki, British Raj. He won the Kerala Sahitya Akademi Award in 1999. 

Narayan died on 16 August 2022 in Idukki, India from COVID-19 at the age of 81.

## References
Odd Reinsfelt

**Odd Reinsfelt** (23 August 1941 – 16 August 2022) was a Norwegian Conservative Party politician and meteorologist. Reinsfelt was born in Bærum, Norway. He was the Mayor of Bærum from 1992 to 2011.

Reinsfelt died on 16 August 2022 in Bærum, one week before his 81st birthday.

## References
QU

**QU**, **Qu** or **qu** may refer to:

* Quinnipiac University, Hamden, Connecticut, United States
* qu (digraph), a digraph used in several languages
Kallistos (Ware)

**Kallistos Ware** (born **Timothy Richard Ware**; 11 September 1934 &ndash; 24 August 2022) was an English bishop and theologian of the Eastern Orthodox Church. He became the titular bishopric of Diokleia in Phrygia () in 1982. He was later made a titular metropolitan bishopric in 2007. From 1966 to 2001, he was Spalding Lecturer of Eastern Orthodox Studies at the University of Oxford. Ware was born in Bath, Somerset, England.

On 14 August 2022, it was reported that Ware was in critical condition and "approaching the end of his life". He died ten days later on 24 August in Oxford, Oxfordshire at the age of 87.

## References
Bitter Springs Group

**Bitter Springs Group** is a Precambrian fossil locality in Australia, which preserves microorganisms in silica. Bitter Springs type preservation ceased in the late Precambrian with the coming of silicifying organisms. Preserved fossils include cyanobacteria microfossils.

Bitter Springs is pretty much in the centre of Australia, in the south of the Northern Territory.

## References
Pseudacris sierra

The **seirra chorus frog**, **sierran tree frog**, or **eastern Oregon tree frog** (*Pseudacris sierra*) is a frog. It lives in the United States. It lives in California, Oregon, Montana, and Idaho.  Scientists think it might also live in Utah.
## References
Kamini Kaushal

**Kamini Kaushal** (born **Uma Kashyap**; 24 February 1927 &ndash; 14 November 2025) was an Indian actress. She acted in *Neecha Nagar* (1946) and *Biraj Bahu* (1955), both of which won her acting awards. Her last roles were in *Chennai Express* (2013) and the romantic drama *Kabir Singh* (2019).

Kaushal died in Mumbai, India on 14 November 2025, at the age of 98.

## References
Kalikho Pul

**Kalikho Pul** (20 July 1969 – 9 August 2016) was an Indian politician. He was Chief Minister of the north-eastern state of Arunachal Pradesh in India for a short-time in 2016.

On 9 August 2016, Pul allegedly committed suicide by hanging at his official residence in Itanagar. Pul's supporters protested in Itanagar demanding an investigation by the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI).

## References
Coda

**CODA** or **coda** may mean:

*CODA (2021 movie), a comedy-drama movie
*Coda (album), an album made by Led Zeppelin
*Coda (linguistics), part of a syllable
*Coda (software), by Panic
Conor Leslie

**Conor Marie Leslie** (born April 10, 1991) is an American actress. From 2015 to 2018, she also appeared in the first three seasons of the Amazon Prime Video alternate history thriller *The Man in the High Castle*. She also played Donna Troy / Wonder Girl on the DC Universe / HBO Max superhero series *Titans* (2018–present).

## References
Lee Ji-ah

**Kim Sang-eun** (; born February 2, 1981), known professionally as **Lee Ji-ah**, is an actress from South Korea. She is famous for her roles in the television series * The Legend* (2007), *Beethoven Virus* (2008), *Athena: Goddess of War* (2010), *Me Too, Flower!* (2011), *Thrice Married Woman* (2013), *My Mister* (2018) and *The Penthouse: War in Life* (2020–2021).

## References
Gerald Grosvenor, 6th Duke of Westminster

Major General **Gerald Cavendish Grosvenor, 6th Duke of Westminster**,  (22 December 1951 – 9 August 2016), was a British landowner, businessman, philanthropist, Territorial Army general, and peer.

The Duke died on 9 August 2016 after suffering a heart attack.

## References
Institut des Hautes Études Scientifiques

**Institut des hautes études scientifiques**, founded in 1958, is a higher education and research institution in France. It is located in Bures-sur-Yvette, close to Paris, in the University of Paris-Saclay campus.

## Notable Professor 
* Jean Bourgain
* Pierre Deligne
* Hugo Duminil-Copin
* Mikhail Leonidovich Gromov
* Alexander Grothendieck

## References 
## Other websites 
* Official website
Erica Durance

**Erica Durance** (; born June 21, 1978) is a Canadian actress. She is known for her role as Lois Lane in the WB/CW superhero television series *Smallville* and as Dr. Alex Reid in the CTV medical drama *Saving Hope*.

## References
Hugh Grosvenor, 7th Duke of Westminster

**Hugh Richard Louis Grosvenor, 7th Duke of Westminster**, was born 29 January 1991. He was styled as **Earl Grosvenor** until August 2016. 

The Duke is a British aristocrat, billionaire, businessman, and owner of the Grosvenor Group. He became Duke of Westminster on 9 August 2016, on the death of his father Gerald, 6th Duke of Westminster.

The Duke and his family are 12th on the *Sunday Times Rich List* with an estimated net worth of £10.045 billion. 

He was the world's richest person aged under 30.

Titles 

29 January 1991-9 August 2016: The Right Honourable The Earl of Grosvenor 

9 August 2016:-present His Grace The Duke of Westminster 

## Sources
Ganondagan State Historic Site

**Ganondagan State Historic Site** or **Boughton Hill** is a Native American historic site in Ontario County, New York. The site has two main sections. The first section now includes burials and a large bark longhouse. It is a National Historic Site. The other section includes fortified storage for grains at Fort Hill. This section is a National Register of Historic Places. There are also several trails. Ganondagan was the largest village of the Seneca people. There were about 150 longhouses in this village. The city was part of the western gateway of the Iroquois Confederacy. The town Ganondagan is called the "Town of Peace". There is a burial site of Jigonhsasee. She was one of the founders of the Iroquois Confederacy. Marquis de Denonville destroyed the town in 1687. 

## Related pages 
* Seneca people 
* Jigonhsasee 
* New York (state)
* Iroquois Confederacy 
* Northeastern Woodlands

## References
Second Treaty of Buffalo Creek

The **Second Treaty of Buffalo Creek**, also known as the **Treaty with the New York Indians, 1838** was a treaty between Native Americans and the United States. The Natives in the treaty were the  Seneca, Mohawk, Cayuga , Oneida , Onondaga and Tuscarora. New York Indians gave up lands. The Seneca would give up (Buffalo Creek Reservation, Tonawanda Reservation, Oil Springs Reservation, Cattaraugus Reservation, and Allegany Reservation for reservations in Kansas and Missouri. The third and fourth Treaties of Buffalo's Creek were just changes of the second treaty.

## Related pages 
* Treaty of Fort Stanwix (1784)
* Treaty of Canandaigua
* Treaty of Big Tree
* Seneca people 
* Iroquois Confederacy 

## References
Battle of Minisink

**The Battle of Minisink** was a battle of the American Revolutionary War. The British and Iroquois Confederacy defeated the Americans. The Americans were not prepared and had little experience. The battle was at Minisink Ford, New York, on July 22, 1779. It was the only major fight in the northern Delaware Valley.

## Related pages 
* American Revolutionary War
* Mohawk people
* New York (state)
* Iroquois
Jigonhsasee

**Jigonhsasee** (alternately spelled **Jikonhsaseh** and **Jikonsase**) was one of the founders of the Iroquois Confederacy. The other founders were the Great Peacemaker and Hiawatha. She is known as the Mother of Nations. According to legend, the Peacemaker came to Jigonhsasee. He told her about his mission to build a confederacy. That led to the founding of the Iroquois confederacy which took place around 900 CE.

## Related pages 
* Great Peacemaker 
* Hiawatha
* Iroquois 
* Indigenous peoples of the Northeastern Woodlands

## References
Genesee River

The **Genesee River** is a river of Lake Ontario. It flows northward through Twin Tiers of New York and Pennsylvania. 

## References
Sadhguru

**Jagadish "Jaggi" Vasudev** (born 3 September 1957), more commonly called **Sadhguru**, is an Indian yoga guru.

## Notes
## References
## Bibliography
* 
* 
* 
* 

## Other websites
* 
* Isha Foundation's official website
CE Principat

**Club Esportiu Principat** was an Andorran football club from the city of Andorra la Vella. The club was founded in 1989. He won three times the Andorran Premier League and five times the Andorran Cup. The club was dissolved in 2015.

## History 
The club was founded in 1989 by ''Penya Madridista Restaurant Charlie's'' (Real Madrid Supporters' Club of Charlie's Restaurant) as Club Esportiu Principat. The club had three consecutives league victories between 1997 and 1999 and five consecutives cup trophies between 1995 and 1999. The club was founding member of the Andorran Premier League in 1995.

In 1997 the club was the first Andorran club in an European competition playing versus Dundee United from Scotland. The Andorran team pülayed three times in the (UEFA Cup) but lost in the first round each time.

The senior club was registered in Segona Divisió 2015 but withdrew from the competition in the first round. Lower and youth teams continued to compete in their competitions. In 2015 the club was dissolved.

## Colours and badge 
The team's traditional color was purple. In the beginnings till the mid-2000s the first kit was white due to the origins of the club linked with Real Madrid supporters in Andorra.

## Honours 
***Primera Divisió:**
****Winners (3):** 1996–97, 1997–98, 1998–99
***Runners-up (1):* 1995–96
***Copa Constitució:**
****Winners (5):** 1994–95, 1995–96, 1996–97, 1997–98, 1998–99

## References 
## Other websites 
*Principat at UEFA.COM
*Principat at Weltfussball.de
*Principat at Football-Lineups.com
Discovery Family (French TV channel)

**Disovery Family** was a French family-oriented television channel. It was owned by Discovery, Inc. (now part of Warner Bros. Discovery). It was launched on 14 September 2017. The channel was available only for SFR TV subscribers, as a part of a deal between SFR and Discovery.

Unlike Discovery Family, the channel did not include programming aimed at children.

## References
* https://www.broadbandtvnews.com/2016/12/09/altice-signs-exclusive-discovery-nbcuniversal-deals/
* https://www.eurocomms.com/industry-news/12000-altice-boosts-sfr-tv-offer-with-nbcuniversal-and-discovery-deals
* http://www.digitaltveurope.net/638731/altice-takes-on-canal-with-exclusive-nbcu-discovery-deals-and-new-premium-channel/
* http://www.lettreaudiovisuel.com/discovery-family-sinstalle-sur-le-bouquet-sfr/
* http://www.programme-tv.net/news/tv/160461-la-nouvelle-chaine-discovery-family-debarque-le-14-septembre-prochain-sur-sfr/
* https://www.megazap.fr/Discovery-Family-La-nouvelle-chaine-familiale-exclusive-de-SFR_a2885.html

## Other websites
*
Andorra women's national football team

'''Andorra women's national football team''' is a national football team from Andorra. They are yet to feature at the FIFA Women's World Cup.

## References
Marquis de Denonville

**Jacques-René de Brisay de Denonville, Marquis de Denonville** (10 December 1637 – 22 September 1710) was a governor of New France. He was important during the Beaver Wars. He arrived in the colonies when there was much conflict between the Irouquois and the English. He led an attack against the Seneca people in 1687. He destroyed many towns.  

## References
Hanae Mori

was a Japanese fashion designer. She was the first Asian woman to be honored as an official *haute couture* design house by the Fédération française de la couture in France. She was honored with the Order of Culture (Japan) in 1996.

Mori died on 11 August 2022 at her home in Tokyo, Japan from cardiopulmonary arrest at the age of 96.

## References
Butch Thompson

**Richard Enos Thompson**, universally known as "**Butch Thompson**" (November 28, 1943 – August 14, 2022) was an American jazz pianist and clarinetist. He was best known for his ragtime and stride works. From 1974 to 1986, he appeared on the radio show *A Prairie Home Companion*. From the 1960s until 2021, he led the Butch Thompson Trio.

Thompson died on August 14, 2022 in Saint Paul, Minnesota at the age of 78.

## References
Constel·lació Esportiva

**Constel·lació Esportiva** was an Andorran football club from Andorra La Vella. They started in  the Andorran First Division (Campionat de Lliga) in 1998. 2000 they became champion.

In this year the  Football Federation accused the team of trying to buy players from other teams and they were financial irregularities and the team did not want to divide its winnings from the UEFA cup with the league. So they were  kicked out of the First Division for seven years.

## Honours 
***Campionat de Lliga**: 1
*: 1999–00
***Copa Constitució: **1
*: 1999–00

## References
Legion of Merit

The **Legion of Merit** (**LOM**) is a military award of the United States Armed Forces. It is given for great outstanding services and achievements. The decoration is given to members of the eight uniformed services of the United States as well as to military and political figures of foreign governments.

## References
Paul X. Rinn

**Paul Xavier Rinn** (13 September 1946 – 3 August 2022) was an officer in the United States Navy. He was the first commanding officer of the *USS Samuel B. Roberts (FFG-58)* and was in charge when the ship struck a mine in the Persian Gulf on 14 April 1988. Rinn was born in New York City.  He was awarded a Purple Heart and the Legion of Merit for his actions on *USS Samuel B. Roberts*.

Rinn died on 3 August 2022 from a heart attack while at a speaking event in Boston, Massachusetts at the age of 75.

## References
Viktor Zozulin

**Viktor Viktorovich Zozulin** (; 10 October 1944 – 16 August 2022) was a Russian actor. He was born in Moscow, then-Soviet Union. He was known for his roles in ''Operation Y and Shurik's Other Adventures*, *I Loved You* and *King Stag''. His career began in 1965.

Zozulin died on 16 August 2022 in Moscow from a long-illness at the age of 77.

## References
Modern Romance

***Modern Romance*** is a 1981 romantic comedy directed by Albert Brooks (who also stars) and also starring James L. Brooks, Bruno Kirby, Kathryn Harrold, George Kennedy, Albert Henderson. It was distributed by Columbia Pictures.

## Other websites
* 
* 
*
Toby Curtis

**Sir Noble Thomson** "**Toby**" **Curtis**  (13 November 1939 – 17 August 2022) was a New Zealand educator and Māori leader. He was director of primary teacher education at Auckland College of Education and then dean of the education faculty at Auckland Institute of Technology during the 1990s, becoming deputy vice chancellor at Auckland University of Technology in 2000.

Curtis died at his home on Lake Rotoiti, New Zealand on 17 August 2022, at the age of 82.

## References
Charlie Chan in Shanghai

***Charlie Chan in Shanghai*** is a 1935 American mystery movie directed by James Tinling and is the 12th movie in the Charlie Chan series. It stars Warner Oland, Irene Hervey, Russell Hicks, Keye Luke, Jon Hall, Halliwell Hobbes and was distributed by 20th Century Fox.

## Other websites
*
*
Requiem (Michael Haydn)

Michael Haydn's **Requiem** (full title **Missa pro defuncto Archiepiscopo Sigismondo**) was written after the death of Archbishop Sigismund von Schrattenbach of Salzburg in December 1771. It was first performed in January 1772. Leopold Mozart and his son Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart were among the musicians performing. It inspired Mozart's own Requiem, which was written in 1791.

## Structure 
The requiem is written for SATB choir and soloists, two bassoons, four trumpets, three trombones, timpani, strings, and basso continuo. The requiem is divided into five sections:

#**Requiem aeternam** Adagio, C minor, common time
# Sequentia **Dies irae** Andante maestoso, C minor, 3/4
# Offertorium **Domine Jesu Christe**
#:* "Rex gloriae" Andante moderato, G minor, common time
#:* "Quam olim Abrahae" Vivace, G minor, cut time
#:* "Hostias et preces" Andante, G minor, common time
#:* "Quam olim Abrahae" Vivace e più Allegro, G minor, cut time
#**Sanctus** Andante, C minor, 3/4
#:* "Benedictus qui venit..." Allegretto, E-flat major, 3/4
#**Agnus Dei** et Communio
#:* "Agnus Dei, qui tollis peccata mundi" Adagio con moto, C minor, common time
#:* "Cum sanctis tuis" Allegretto, C minor, cut time
#:* "Requiem aeternam" Adagio, C minor, common time
#:* "Cum sanctis tuis" Allegretto, C minor, cut time

## References 
## Other website 
*
Julio Londoño Paredes

**Julio Londoño Paredes** (born 10 July 1938) is a retired Colombian Army Lieutenant Colonel, writer and politician. He was born in Bogotá, Colombia. He has worked under the administrations of six presidents from 1983 to 2010: Belisario Betancur, Virgilio Barco Vargas, César Gaviria, Ernesto Samper, Andrés Pastrana Arango and Álvaro Uribe.

Londoño Paredes was the Minister of Foreign Affairs from 1986 to 1990. He also was the Permanent Representative to the Organization of American States from 1990 to 1994 and to the United Nations from 1994 to 1998. Londoño Paredes also was an Ambassador to Panama from 1983 to 1986 and to Cuba from 1998 until 2010.

## References
Charentonnay

**Charentonnay** is a commune in Cher, Centre-Val de Loire, France. About 293 people lived there in January 2019.

## Population
## References
Blonde or Brunette

***Blonde or Brunette*** is a 1927 American romantic comedy movie directed by Richard Rosson and starring Adolphe Menjou, Greta Nissen, Arlette Marchal, Mary Carr, Emile Chautard, Paul Weigel, Henry Sedley. It was distributed by Paramount Pictures.

## Other websites
*Blonde or Brunette @ IMDb.com
*synopsis AllMovie.com
Daniel Quintero

**Daniel Quintero Calle** (born 26 July 1980) is a Colombian politician. He was the mayor of Medellín since 2020. Quintero was suspended as mayor from 10 May to 21 June 2022 for trying to interfere in the 2022 presidential election.

## Notes
## References
New Day Rising

***New Day Rising*** is the third studio by American punk rock band Hüsker Dü and released in January 1985 through SST Records. It was ranked #428 on the 500 albums of all time by the Rolling Stone magazine in 2020.

## Track listing
## References
No One Is to Blame

"**No One Is to Blame**" is a song by Howard Jones. It went to number 4 in the United States and number 9 in Australia. It was one his biggest hits in the United States.

## References
J.C. Jones

**J.C. Jones** (born 1973) is an American country music artist.

## Discography
;Studio albums
* *One Night* (1998)

## References
Mateus Caramelo

**Mateus Lucena dos Santos** (30 August 1994 – 28 November 2016), commonly known as **Caramelo**, was a Brazilian professional footballer who played for Chapecoense on loan from São Paulo FC as a right back.

Caramelo was one of the victims when LaMia Airlines Flight 2933 crashed on 28 November 2016.

## Career statistics
## Honours
;Chapecoense
* Copa Sudamericana: 2016 (posthumously)

## References
René Vignal

**René Vignal** (12 August 1926 – 21 November 2016) was a French footballer who played as a goalkeeper.

He played for Toulouse, RC Paris and Béziers at club level as well as the France national team.

## References
* Profile at FFF
Van Williams

**Van Zandt Jarvis Williams** (February 27, 1934 – November 28, 2016) was an American actor. He played Kenny Madison in both Warner Bros. television detective series Bourbon Street Beat (1959–1960) and its sequel, Surfside 6 (1960–1962).

He teamed up with Bruce Lee as his partner Kato, in the television series The Green Hornet during 1966–1967.
Monte Carlo Casino

**Casino Monte-Carlo**, officially called **Casino de Monte-Carlo**, is a gambling and entertainment place located in Monaco. The Casino de Monte-Carlo is owned and operated by the "Société des bains de mer de Monaco". 
## History
The idea of opening a gambling casino in Monaco came from Princess Carolina, the wife of Prince Florestan. The company's money was supposed to save the House of Grimaldi from bankruptcy. In 1921, the first Women’s Olympiad was held at the casino gardens.

## References
Giovanna Amati

**Giovanna Amati** (born 20 July 1959) is a former professional racing driver from Italy. She is the most recent female driver to have entered the Formula One World Championship.

Amati was born in Rome on 20 July 1959, to actress Anna Maria Pancani and theatre-owner Giovanni Amati. As of 2022, Amati is the last female driver who has attempted to qualify a Formula One car. Following her retirement from motor sport, Amati worked briefly as a sport commentator.

## References
Catherine the Last

***Catherine the Last*** (German: ***Katharina, die Letzte***) is a 1936 Austrian romantic comedy movie directed by Henry Koster and starring Franciska Gaal, Hans Holt, Hans Olden, Otto Wallburg, Eduard Lnikers, Ernő Verebes, Adrienne Gessner, Fritz Imhoff. It was distributed by Universal Pictures and was remade in America in 1938 as *The Girl Downstairs*.

## Other websites
*
The Scarlet Empress

***The Scarlet Empress*** is a 1934 American romantic historical drama movie directed by Josef von Sternberg and starring Marlene Dietrich, John Lodge, Sam Jaffe, C. Aubrey Smith, Louise Dresser, Olive Tell, Erville Alderson. It was distributed by Paramount Pictures.

## Other websites
* 
* 
* 
* 
*
Joseph Delaney

**Joseph Henry Delaney** (25 July 1945 – 16 August 2022) was a British writer. He was known for his dark fantasy series ''Spook's''. Delaney was born in Preston, Lancashire.

Delaney died on 16 August 2022 at the age of 77.

## References
## Other websites
* 
* Penguin Books Author Page
* Fantastic Fiction Author Page
* Author interview with FantasyBookReview.co.uk
Strecker's chorus frog

'''Strecker's chorus frog'* (*Pseudacris streckeri*) is a frog. It lives in the United States. It lives in Oklahoma and parts of Kansas, Texas, and Louisiana.  Scientists think it might also live in Utah.

This is the largest frog is the genus *Pseudacris*.  The adult can be 48 mm long from nose to rear end.  The skin of the back may be brown, gray, or green.  It has a dark stripe from its eyes to its body.  It has dark spots on its back and a white belly.  The skin where the back legs meet the body is orange-yellow in color.

This frog looks for food at night.  During the day, it digs in the ground and hides under soil or wet leaves.  Most frogs dig with their back legs, but this frog digs with its front legs.

This frog is not in danger of dying out but there are fewer of them than there were.  This is because human beings build things in the places where the frog lives and cut down trees for wood.  However, a subspecies of this frog, *Pseudacris streckeri illinoiensis'', is endangered.

## References
Niccolò Ghedini

**Niccolò Ghedini** (22 December 1959 – 17 August 2022) was an Italian lawyer and politician. He was the lawyer of the former prime minister Silvio Berlusconi. 

Ghedini was a member of the Chamber of Deputies from 2001 to 2013. He was also a Senator from 2006 until his death. 

Ghedini was born in Padua, Italy. He died from leukemia on 17 August 2022 at a hospital in Milan, Italy, at the age of 62.

## References
Federal Assembly

**Federal Assembly** may refer to:

*Federal Assembly (Russia), the Russian federal parliament
*Federal Assembly (Czechoslovakia), the former Czechoslovak federal parliament
*Federal Assembly (Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland), the former federal parliament of the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland
*Federal Assembly of Yugoslavia

Under the German name *Bundesversammlung*: 
*Federal Assembly (Austria), the name for a joint session of the two chambers of the Austrian federal parliament
*Federal Convention (Germany), a formal convention that elects the country's Federal President
*Federal Convention (German Confederation), the only organ of the German Confederation (1815-1866)
*Federal Assembly (Switzerland), the Swiss federal parliament
National Council

**National Council** may refer to:

* National Council, the second chamber of the National Assembly of Estonia from 1938 to 1940
* National Council (Austria), one of the two houses of the Austrian parliament
* Czech National Council
* National Council (Namibia), the upper chamber of the country's bicameral Parliament
* National Council (Nepal), a national legislature
* National Council of Provinces, the upper house of the Parliament of South Africa under the constitution which came into full effect in 1997
* National Council (Switzerland), the large Chamber of the parliament
* National Council (Slovakia), the parliament of Slovakia since 1 October 1992
Diego Uribe Vargas

**Diego Uribe Vargas** (1 November 1931 – 12 August 2022) was a Colombian politician, lawyer and academic. He was a member of the Colombian Liberal Party. He was Minister of Foreign Affairs from 1978 to 1981. From 1974 to 1990, he was a Senator. He was also the Governor of Cundinamarca from 1970 to 1972. From 1972 to 1974, he was a member of the Chamber of Representatives.

Uribe Vargas was born in Bogotá, Colombia. Before his death, he was a professor at the National University of Colombia.

Uribe Vargas died in Bogotá on 12 August 2022 at the age of 90.

## References
Farges-en-Septaine

**Farges-en-Septaine** is a commune in Cher, Centre-Val de Loire, France. About 999 people lived there in January 2019.

## Population
## References
Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Colombia)

The **Ministry of Foreign Affairs** (**MRE**) () also known as the **Chancellery** (), is the Cabinet position of the Government of Colombia responsible for the international relations of Colombia and the country's foreign policy.

## References
Shatter cone

(type locality), Germany.]]
, Terrace Bay, Ontario, Canada]]
 impact crater, Germany.]]

**Shatter cones** are features of rocks. They only form in the bedrock beneath meteorite impact craters or underground nuclear explosions. 

They show the rock has been subjected to a shock with pressures in the range of .

## References
Glottal consonant

A **glottal consonant** is a sound made using only the glottis. English has three glottal consonants, [h], as in hat, [ʔ], as in uh-oh, and [ɦ], as in uh-huh.

The International Phonetic Alphabet has symbols for three glottal consonants:

*[ʔ] - the glottal stop
*[h] - the voiceless glottal fricative
*[ɦ] - the voiced glottal fricative

[h] and [ɦ] often are not true fricatives, and are more similar to voiceless vowels.
Alveolar lateral click

The **alveolar lateral click** is a sound used in some spoken languages. There are three types of alveolar lateral click: tenuis, voiced and nasal. English has no lateral clicks.
Rob Renzetti

**Robert John Renzetti** is an American animator and author.
## Filmography 
### Television 
## Other websites 
* 
* The Teenage Roblog