open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
B Flow

**Brian Mumba Kasoka Bwembya** (born November 12) better known by his stage name **B Flow** (also written as '''B'Flow** or **B-Flow'''), is a Zambian Dancehall and Hip Hop artist, media entrepreneur, non-political social commentator, social justice advocate, part-time radio presenter, peer educator and founder of Music For Change Initiative. He is also the current chairperson of the HIV/AIDS and Social Commentary (HASC) committee of the Zambia Association of Musicians (ZAM).  He is also a global ambassador in the fight against with the AIDS Healthcare Foundation (AHF). B Flow also took a new direction with his music, changing his genre to what is now known as “KaliDanceHall” (A mix of traditional Zambian Kalindula music and Dance Hall).  In November 2016, the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) named B Flow as one of the 16 voices of activism against gender-based violence around the world.

## Biography
### Early life
B Flow was born in Kabwe on 12 November. He was raised by his grandmother Matilda Chiti-Byrne and his mother Mirriam Mulenga Mumba Byrne, a policewoman. B Flow cames from a family of Zambian musicians which include Chris Mbewe of The Great Witch Band, Anna Mwale of The Mwale Sisters and Ras Willie.

### The Beginning
At the age of 8, he and his friends played a small band by turning pots and buckets into drums and making banjos (non-electric guitars) using tins, planks and strings. Among that band B Flow was the only one who is now a professional musician.
B Flow's first album Mpu mpu mpu (meaning heartbeat) was released in 2009. The album earned B Flow recognition at the 2009 Zambia Ngoma Awards and his second solo album called 'No More Kawilo' was released in 2011 (meaning no more loneliness). His third album 'Voiceless Woman' was released in 2013. His fifth album Dear Mama a dedication to his mother was released in 2016.

## Awards and nominations
## Discography
### Studio albums
## References
Isidor Straus

**Isidor Straus** (February 6, 1845 – April 15, 1912) was a German-born American businessman, politician, and co-owner of Macy's department store. A resident of Georgia, USA He was preparing to go to West Point Military Academy when the outbreak of the US Civil War 1861-1865 prevented him from doing so; he was elected a officer In a Georgia Military unit but was not allowed to serve because of his youth He also served for just over a year as a member of the United States House of Representatives.

Straus died with his wife, Ida, in the sinking of the passenger ship RMS *Titanic*. Isidor Straus's body was recovered by the cable ship *Mackay-Bennett* and taken to Halifax, Nova Scotia, where it was identified before being shipped to New York.

File:Rosalie Ida Blun & Isidor (Isador) Straus marriage.jpg|Isidor Strauss wedding portrait
File:Ida and Isidor Straus.jpg|Isidor Strauss and his wife Rosalie Ida Blun

## References
## Other websites
*Encyclopedia Titanica Biography of Isidor Strauss
* 
*Straus article at JewishEncyclopedia.com
*Straus Historical Society
2017–18 UEFA Champions League

The **2017–18 UEFA Champions League** was the 63rd season of Europe's top club football tournament run by UEFA. It is the 26th season since it was renamed from the European Champion Clubs' Cup to the UEFA Champions League.

## Group stage
### Group A
### Group B
### Group C
### Group D
### Group E
### Group F
### Group G
### Group H
## Knockout stage
### Qualified teams
### Round of 16

The first legs were played on 13, 14, 20 and 21 February, and the second legs were played on 6, 7, 13 and 14 March 2018.

|}

### Quarter-finals 

The first legs were played on 3 and 4 April, and the second legs were played on 10 and 11 April 2018.

|}

### Semi-finals

The first legs were played on 24 and 25 April, and the second legs were played on 1 and 2 May 2018.

|}

### Final

The final was played at the NSC Olimpiyskiy Stadium in Kiev on 26 May 2018. The "home" team (for administrative purposes) was determined by an additional draw held after the semi-final draw.

## Statistics
Statistics exclude qualifying rounds and play-off round.

### Top goalscorers
### Top assists
### Squad of the Season
The UEFA technical study group selected the following 18 players as the squad of the tournament.

## References
## Other websites
*UEFA Champions League (official website)
Cyst

A **cyst** is a closed sac, having a distinct membrane and division compared with the nearby tissue. 

It is a cluster of cells that has grouped together to form a sac however an aspect of a cyst is that the cells forming the "shell" of such a sac are distinctly abnormal when compared with all surrounding cells for that given location. 

It may contain air, fluids, or semi-solid material. A collection of pus is called an abscess, not a cyst. Once formed, sometimes a cyst may resolve on its own. When a cyst fails to resolve, it may need to be removed surgically, but that would depend upon its type and location.
Essam El-Hadary

**Essam Kamal Tawfiq El Hadary** (; born 15 January 1973) is an Egyptian goalkeeping coach and former professional footballer.

## Career statistics 
### International 
: *Statistics in 8 October 2017.*

## Honours 
* Egyptian Premier League: 1996–97, 1997–98, 1998–99, 1999–2000, 2004–05, 2005–06, 2006–07, 2007–08
* Egypt Cup: 2000–01, 2002–03, 2005–06, 2006–07
* Egyptian Super Cup: 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007
* CAF Champions League: 2001, 2005, 2006, 2008
* CAF Super Cup: 2002, 2006, 2007
* Arab Club Champions Cup: 1996
* Arab Super Cup: 1997, 1998

; Sion

* Swiss Cup: 2008–09

; Al-Merreikh

* Sudan Premier League: 2011
* Sudan Cup: 2012

; International

* All-Africa Games: 1995
* Africa Cup of Nations: 1998, 2006, 2008, 2010
* Pan Arab Games: 2007

### Individual 
* Africa Cup of Nations Team of all Tournaments: 2006, 2008, 2010.

## Footnotes
## References 
## Other websites 
* 
* 
* 
* 
*
Adinad

**Adinadu** is a village in Kollam district, Kerala, India. Adinadu is included in Kulasekharapuram panchayath.

## References
Thodiyoor

**Thodiyoor** is a village in Kollam district in the state of Kerala, India.

## Demographics- Census 2011 Data
As of the 2001 India census, Thodiyoor had a population of 23,123 with 11,244 males and 11,879 females. The famous temple Malumel Sree Bhagavathi is in this village.

## References
## Other websites
*http://www.census2011.co.in/data/town/628366-thodiyoor-kerala.html
Kallelibhagom

** Kallelibhagom ** is a village in Kollam district, Kerala, India.

## Demographics- Census Data 2011
## References
## Other websites
* Census in India
Saint Petersburg Central Bus Terminal

The **Saint Petersburg Central Bus Terminal** is the main bus station of Saint Petersburg, Russia. The station was opened in 1963.

## Other websites 
* Official website
Kahoot!

**Kahoot!** is a fee-based online quiz game that is commonly used by teachers and some companies. Its learning games, also known as "kahoots", are user-made multiple-choice quizzes that can be played via a web browser or the Kahoot! app. Kahoot! was founded in 2012 by Johan Brand, Jamie Brooker, and Morten Versvik as a project with the Norwegian University of Science and Technology. The user enters a Game PIN on the bottom of the app’s screen, and the next screen lets you type the nickname of your choice or you can choose to press the spinner button when the Nickname generator option is enabled. Kahoot! can also be used to review students' knowledge or as a break from any traditional classroom activities. Kahoot! also includes trivia quizzes anytime, anywhere. Kahoot! is known for its multiplayer quizzes for any subject, and in any language. During the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak, Kahoot! can also be played during online learning using video conferencing tools such as Zoom, Skype, Microsoft Teams, and Google Meet by sharing your screen with the video call by tapping the Share screen icon on the conferencing tool.

## Other websites
* Kahoot! Website
Shukhov Lab

**Shukhov Lab** (Named after the Russian engineer: "Vladimir Shukhov") is a international research and educational unit of the Vysokovsky Graduate School of Urbanism in Moscow open in 2017.  the purpose of the lab was established in order to investigate the future of the cities in Russia and the rest of the world.

## Other websites 
* Shukhov Lab
Ayman Hefny

**Ayman Hefny** (; born 31 December 1985) is an Egyptian football player.

## Honours 
### Club 
;Zamalek SC:
***Egyptian Premier League:** 2014-15
***Egypt Cup (3):** 2015, 2016, 2017-18
***Egyptian Super Cup:** 2017

## References
Al-Nasa'i

**An-Nasai** (214 – 303 AH; c. 829 – 915 CE) was a noted collector of hadith. He wrote one of the six canonical hadith collections recognized by Sunni Muslims, Sunan al-Sughra, or "Al-Mujtaba", which he selected from his "As-Sunan al-Kubra". He was a Persian by origin.
## References
Taft–Hartley Act

The **Labor Management Relations Act of 1947** is a United States federal law that restricts the activities and power of labor unions. 

The act, still active, was sponsored by Senator Robert A. Taft and Representative Fred A. Hartley, Jr., and became law despite U.S. President Harry S. Truman's veto on June 23, 1947. Labor leaders called it the "slave-labor bill" while President Truman argued that it was a "dangerous intrusion on free speech", arguing that it would "conflict with important principles of our democratic society". 

The Taft–Hartley Act amended the National Labor Relations Act (NLRA; informally the Wagner Act), which Congress passed in 1935. The principal author of the Taft–Hartley Act was J. Mack Swigert, of the Cincinnati law firm Taft Stettinius & Hollister.

## References
House Un-American Activities Committee

The **House Un-American Activities Committee** (**HUAC**, or **House Committee on Un-American Activities**, or **HCUA**) was an investigative committee of the United States House of Representatives. 

The HUAC was created in 1938 to investigate alleged activities on the part of private citizens, public employees, and those organizations suspected of having communist ties. In 1969, the House changed the committee's name to "House Committee on Internal Security". When the House abolished the committee in 1975, its functions were transferred to the House Judiciary Committee.

The committee's anti-communist investigations are often associated with those of Joseph McCarthy who, as a U.S. Senator, had no direct involvement with this House committee. McCarthy was the chairman of the Government Operations Committee and its Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations of the U.S. Senate, not the House.

## References
Ahmed Salah Hosny

**Ahmed Salah Mohammed Hosny Hassan** (born 11 July 1979) is a footballer from Egypt. He played for VfB Stuttgart and the Egypt national football team. He then turned to art and worked with Amr Diab and Mohamed Hamaki. He composed songs in their music albums. He also played a role in the Egyptian series "Sharbat Looz".

## International goals 
''Scores and results list Egypt's goal tally first:''

## References 
## Other websites 
*
American Conservative Union

The **American Conservative Union** (**ACU**) is an American political organization that support for conservative policies and organizes the Conservative Political Action Conference. It was founded in 1964, it is the oldest such conservative lobbying organization in the country. 

The ACU is concerned with what they define as foundations of conservatism, issues such as personal liberty or freedom, foreign policy, and traditional values.

## References
Frank Quilici

**Francis Ralph Quilici** (May 11, 1939 – May 14, 2018) was a former Major League infielder and manager. He was born in Chicago, Illinois. He had a five-year playing career and a four-year managerial career. He played for the Minnesota Twins of the American League in 1965, then 1967-1970.

Quilici died on May 14, 2018 in Minneapolis, Minnesota at the age of 79.

## References
## Other websites
Pavumba

**Pavumba** is a village in the Kollam district. It is in the Indian state of Kerala.

## Demographics 
 India census, Pavumba had a population of 16413 with 7772 males and 8641 females.

## References
Chuck Knox

**Charles Robert Knox** (April 27, 1932 – May 12, 2018) was an American football coach at the high school, college and professional levels. He was best known as head coach of three National Football League (NFL) teams, the Los Angeles Rams (twice), Seattle Seahawks, and Buffalo Bills. He was born in the Pittsburgh suburb of Sewickley, Pennsylvania.

Knox retired with a mark of 186 wins, 147 losses and 1 tie record, which at the time of his retirement was sixth all-time in wins.

Knox died of dementia on May 12, 2018 at the age of 86.

## References
UNB (group)

**UNB** (Hangul: 유앤비) is a South Korean boy band formed through the KBS reality show, *The Unit*. There are nine members in this group and they officially debut on 7 April 2018 with *Boyhood* mini album.

## Members
## Discography
### Mini album
* 2018: *Boyhood*

## References
## Other websites
* (Japan)
*Social media:  (Korea) (Japan) (Korea) (Japan)
*Official pages: 
*YouTube playlists: KoreaJapan
*Music pages:
And TV

**And TV** (written as **&TV** ) is a Hindilanguage television channel It is owned by Zee Entertainment Enterprises. The channel was launched as a general entertainment channel from ZEEL group from its "&" bouquet. It started broadcasting on 2 March 2015.
## Programming
List Of Programs Broadcast By &TV

## References
List of programs broadcast by & TV

This is the list of original television programs currently and formerly broadcast by &TV.

## Currently broadcast
### Drama Series
*Agnifera
*Badho Bahu
*Paramavatar Shri Krishna
*Siddhi Vinayak
*Bitti Business Wali
### Comedy Series
*Bhabhi Ji Ghar Par Hai!
*Meri Hanikarak Biwi

### Reality/ Non-Scripted Shows
*High Fever
     
### Formerly broadcast
### Anthology series
*Hoshiyar… Sahi Waqt, Sahi Kadam
### Comedy series
*Badii Devrani
*Comedy Dangal
*Happy Hours
*Life Ka Recharge
### Drama series
*Agent Raghav - Crime Branch
*Adhuri Kahaani Hamari
*Begusarai
*Bhagyalaxmi
*Chupke Chupke
*Dilli Wali Thakur Gurls
*Ek Vivah Aisa Bhi
*Gangaa
*Half Marriage
*Kahani Hamari...Dil Dosti Deewanepan Ki
*Meri Awaaz Hi Pehchaan Hai
*Queens Hai Hum
*Razia Sultan
*Santoshi Maa
*SauBhagyalaxmi
*Tere Bin
*Tujhse Naaraz Nahi Zindagi
*Vani Rani
*Waaris
*Yeh Kahan Aa Gaye Hum

### Horror/supernatural series
*Bakula Bua Ka Bhoot
*Darr Sabko Lagta Hai
*Kuldeepak
### Reality/non-scripted programming
*Deal Ya No Deal
*India's Asli Champion
*India Poochega Sabse Shaana Kaun?
*Killerr Karaoke Atka Toh Latkah
*Music Ki Paathshala
*So You Think You Can Dance
*Taste Match
*The Voice India
*The Voice India Kids
Karunagappally

**Karunagappally** is a municipality in Kollam district, Kerala, India.

## History
Karunagappally was an ancient Buddhist site.

## Demographics
Under 2011 India census, the population of Karunagappalli Municipality is 45,336.

## Economy
Karungappally used to be an agrarian economy until the late 19th century with coconut, banana, tapioca and paddy as the main crops grown. With rapid urbanization and the consequent pressure on land, the reliance on agriculture has dwindled. 
Fishing forms the major source of livelihood for the coast dwellers. The area also receives substantial foreign remittances from the large number of people from here working in the Gulf countries. Now Kerala's many prominent business centres had their branches here.

## Politics
Karunagapalli assembly constituency is part of Alappuzha Lok Sabha constituency
and the major political parties in Karunagappally municipality and nearby panchayaths were CPI[M], CONGRESS, BJP.

## References
## Other websites
*Karunagappally Taluk
Thevalakkara

** Thevalakkara ** is a village in the Karunagappally taluk, Kollam district of the state of Kerala, India. Formerly known as Quilon, it is one of the 14 districts of Kerala.

## Geography
The district has a long coastline, a major Arabian Sea seaport and in the coast of Ashtamudi Lake. Plains, mountains, lakes, lagoons and backwaters, forests, farmland and rivers is the major features of the Thevalakkara. The area historically had trading relationships with Phoenicia and Ancient Rome. About 30 percent of the district is covered by Ashtamudi Lake. 

## Culture
The Thevalakkara is land which is surrounded by waterfields and paddy lands, according to the demography on population Hinduism 73%, Muslims 25% and Christians concludes 2%.

## References
## Other websites 
* The Symphony Thevalakkara Club in **Kollam.** https://goo.gl/maps/KtPG9nqfwtv
*facebook page of gramadeepam
Jlloyd Samuel

**Jlloyd Tafari Samuel** ( , 29 March 1981 – 15 May 2018) was a professional footballer. He played as a defender and midfielder. He played two full international matches for Trinidad and Tobago in 2009.

Samuel played as a youth for the renowned London junior team Senrab and was in the academies of West Ham United, and Charlton Athletic before joining Aston Villa in 1998.

Samuel was killed in a car crash on 15 May 2018 in Cheshire, England at the age of 37.

## References
## Other websites
* Jlloyd Samuel Stats at PersianLeague.com
Chavara

**Chavara** is a village in Karunagappally taluk, Kollam district, Kerala, India. It is a part of Kollam Lok Sabha constituency constituency. The MLA of the constituency is currently Vijayan Pillai.

## Location and tourism
Chavara is on the shores of the Arabian sea and the major freshwater lake in Kerala, Ashtamudi, which flows through it. Chavara has many lakes and lagoons including Sasthamkota Lake. Popular tourist centres are St Andrew's Church, Kovilthottam, Kottankulangara Devi Temple, Kovilthottam beach, Kovilthottam lighthouse, and the area around Ashtamudi lake.

## Industries
The village has a high supply of mineral sand, mainly titanium in its beaches. For the processing of titanium, India's first Titanium Sponge Plant in India (TSP) was developed by KMML ( Kerala Minerals and metals Ltd) here, inaugurated in 2011 by the then Defence Minister of India, A. K. Antony. IRE (Indian Rare Earths Ltd) is another public sector unit in Chavara. Kerala Premo Pipes a govt company(under KWA)in Chavara has been lying closed for the past 18 years.The Premo pipe factory which started production in 1961 and was closed in 1997 following adverse market conditions.Though an MOU was signed between KWA and HLL in the year 2011 for starting PVC pipes, same is yet to be materialized. Ratna mushroom is one of the famous mushroom farm in Chavara.

## Notable people
*Jackson Stephan (The village is named after him)

## References
## Other websites
Clappana

** Clappana ** is a village in Kollam district in the state of Kerala, India. Clappana have a great arts and Sports club Named as CUBA Clappana located at Puthanpura Jn. Thottathil mukku is one of the major junctions in the village.

## Demographics-Census Data 2011 
## References
## Other websites
*
census in India
Neendakara

**Neendakara** is a village in Karunagappally taluk, Kollam district, Kerala, India. It is Kollam district's medium fishing port.

## History
When Portuguese traders settled in Kollam in the early 16th century, their ships passed through the Neenadakara bar, now the site of Neendakara Bridge, part of National Highway 66, which connects the village to Sakthikulangara across Ashtamudi Lake.

## Etymology
In Malayalam, Neendakara means "a long bank".

## Norwegian Project
The headquarters of the Indo-Norwegian Fisheries Community project, established in 1953, was based in Neendakara until 1961, when the site was handed over to the Government of Kerala.

## References
## Other websites
Panmana

**Panmana** is a village in Kollam district in the state of Kerala, India.

## Demographics 
As of the 2001 Indian census, Panmana had a population of 29139, of whom 14360 were male and 14779 were female.

## References
Vadakkumthala

** Vadakkumthala ** is a village in Kollam district in the state of Kerala, India. Vadakkumthala is coming under the Kollam UA.

## Demographics - Census Data 2011
## References
## Other websites
*census in India
Tri-State Tornado

The **Tri-State Tornado** of 1925 was the deadliest tornado in the history of the United States. It took place on Wednesday, March 18, 1925. It was part of a outbreak with 12 confirmed tornadoes. It covered a large portion of the Midwest and Southern United States.

The death toll from one tornado alone was 695. In Illinois, there were 613 deaths. There were 11 deaths in Missouri. There were at least 71 deaths in Indiana.
 
The tornado wasn't officially rated by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. But it is recognized by most experts as an F5 tornado on the U.S. Fujita scale.

There were also tornadoes in Kentucky, Kansas, Alabama and Tennessee.

In 2018 U.S. dollars, damage from the tornadoes was $2.18 billion.

## Notes 
## References
Kevin Kamenetz

**Kevin B. Kamenetz** (November 26, 1957 – May 10, 2018) was an American politician. He was born in Lochearn, Maryland. He was the 12th County Executive of Baltimore County, Maryland, serving between 2010 to May 10, 2018. He was a member of the Democratic Party. He served as a four-term County Councilman representing the Second District of Baltimore County.

On September 18, 2017, Kamenetz declared his candidacy for the Democratic nomination for Governor of Maryland in the 2018 election.

On May 10, 2018, Kamenetz died at a hospital of cardiopulmonary arrest in Towson, Maryland at the age of 60.

## References
Ayanivelikulangara

**Ayanivelikulangara** is a village in Kollam district, Kerala, India.

## Demographics- Census 2011
## References
## Other websites
*http://www.census2011.co.in/data/town/628369-ayanivelikulangara-kerala.html
Ken Hodgkisson

**William Kenneth Hodgkisson** (12 March 1933 – 10 May 2018) was an English professional footballer. He was born in West Bromwich, West Midlands.

Hodgkisson played as an inside forward. He began his career with West Bromwich Albion, making his professional debut in 1953. He was sold to Walsall in 1956.

Hodgkisson went on to make over 350 appearances for the club during an eleven year spell, winning promotion on two occasions. He later played non-league football with Worcester City and Dudley Town, where he also spent three years as manager.

Hodgkisson died on 10 May 2018 at the age of 85.

## References
Graham Lovett

**Graham John Lovett** (5 August 1947 – 10 May 2018) was an English footballer.

Lovett played most of his career as a midfielder for West Bromwich Albion, where he was on the winning sides for the 1966 Football League Cup Final and the 1968 FA Cup Final. He was forced to retire from the game at age 26, following two serious car crashes.

Lovett died in West Midlands, England on 10 May 2018 of a short-illness at the age of 70.

## Honours
**West Bromwich Albion**
*Football League Cup winners: 1966
*FA Cup winners: 1968

## References
## Other websites
*Career statistics on "Neil Brown" website
*Photograph of Lovett on the attack against West Ham United in January 1966
William Vance

**William Vance** was the pen name of **William van Cutsem** (8 September 1935 – 14 May 2018), a Belgian comics artist. He was born in Anderlecht, Belgium. Vance was known for his distinctive realistic style and work in Franco-Belgian comics. His best known works were *XIII*, *Bob Morane*, *Bruce J. Hawker* and *Bruno Brazil*.

Vance died on 14 May 2018 in Santander, Spain of Parkinson's disease at the age of 82. 
In 2010, Vance retired because of the illness.

## Awards
* 2005: **Bronzen Adhemar** (Brass culture award) in Turnhout, Belgium
* 2009: **Honorary citizen** of the City of Brussels

## References
## Other websites
* William Vance biography on Lambiek Comiclopedia
* Belgian Comic Book Artist William Vance Dies
Peter Mayer

**Peter Michael Mayer** (March 28, 1936 – May 11, 2018) was a British-born American publisher. He was born in London. Mayer was president of The Overlook Press/Peter Mayer Publishers, Inc., a Woodstock, New York-based publishing company he founded with his father in 1971. At the time of Overlook’s founding, Mayer was head of Avon Books, a large New York-based paperback publisher.  From 1978 to 1996, Mayer was CEO of Penguin Books.

Recently, Mayer financially revived both Ardis, a publisher of Russian literature in English, and Duckworth, an independent publishing house in the UK.

## References
Roberto Farias

**Roberto Farias** (March 27, 1932 &ndash; May 14, 2018) was a Brazilian movie director, producer and screenwriter. He has directed 15 movies from 1957 to 2018. His 1982 movie *Pra Frente, Brasil* was entered into the 33rd Berlin International Film Festival. He also directed *Cidade Ameaçada* (1960), *O Assalto ao Trem Pagador* (1962) and *Pra Quem Fica, Tchau* (1971). He was born in Nova Friburgo, Rio de Janeiro.

Farias died of stomach cancer in Rio de Janeiro on May 14, 2018 at the age of 86.

## References
## Other websites
*
Lochearn, Maryland

**Lochearn** is an unincorporated community and census-designated place in Baltimore County, Maryland, immediately to the west of the City of Baltimore. The population was 25,511 at the 2020 census.

## References
Towson, Maryland

**Towson** () is an unincorporated community and a census-designated place in Baltimore County, Maryland. The population was 59,553 at the 2020 census. It is the county seat, and the second-most populated unincorporated county seat in the United States.

## References
Caribou, Maine

**Caribou** is the second largest city in Aroostook County, Maine, United States. Its population was 7,396 at the 2020 census.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of , of which  is land and  is water.

Nylander Museum is a well known musuem in the area.

## References
## Other websites
* City of Caribou, Maine
Thazhava

**Thazhava** is a village in Karunagappally taluk, Kollam district, Kerala, India.

## Transport
Main transport is provided by State owned Kerala State Road Transport Corporation (KSRTC) and private transport bus operators.

Karunagappally railway station is the nearest railway station.

Trivandrum International Airport is the nearest airport.

## References
## Other websites
*census in Thazhava
Antonio Carpio

**Antonio Tirol Carpio** (born October 26, 1949) is a Filipino lawyer. He is the Senior Associate Justice and former acting Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the Philippines.He replaced Justice Maria Lourdes Sereno who was ousted by *quo warranto* proceedings that voided her appointment as illegal and declared her term of office as *de facto* tenure. 

He was appointed to the Court by President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo and assumed office on October 26, 2001.

## Notes
## References
President of the Senate of the Philippines

The **President of the Senate of the Philippines** (), or more popularly known as the **Senate President**, is the presiding officer and the highest-ranking official of the Senate of the Philippines, and third highest and most powerful official in the Government of the Philippines.

He/she is elected by the entire body to be their leader. The Senate President is second in line in succession for the presidency, behind the Vice President of the Philippines and in front of the Speaker of the House of Representatives of the Philippines.

## Living former Senate presidents
Currently there are five living former Senate presidents:

File:Frank Drilon.jpg|**Franklin Drilon** (LP), served 2000, 2001–2006, 2013-2016
File:Manny Villar T'nalak Festival 2009.jpg|Manny Villar (NP), served 2006-2008
File:Official photo of Senator Jinggoy Ejercito Estrada.jpg|Jinggoy Estrada (PMP), served 2013 *(acting)*
File:Senate President Juan Ponce Enrile.jpg|Juan Ponce Enrile (PMP/UNA), served 2008–2013
File:Koko Pimentel IAEA cropped.jpg|**Koko Pimentel** (PDP–Laban), served 2016–2018
File:Tito Sotto III (cropped).jpg|Tito Sotto (NPC), served 2018–2022

*Legend:* **Boldface** means still an incumbent Senator.

## Other websites
*List of Senators of the Philippines
*Roll of Senate Presidents
House of Representatives of the Philippines

The **House of Representatives of the Philippines** (),  is the lower house of the Congress of the Philippines. It is often commonly referred to as ***Congress***. Members of the House are officially styled as *representative* (*Kinatawan*) and sometimes informally called *Congressmen/Congresswomen* (*mga kongresista*) and are elected to a three-year term. They can be re-elected, but cannot serve more than three consecutive terms. 

Around eighty percent of congressmen are district representatives, representing a particular geographical area. There are 234 legislative districts in the country.

The House of Representatives is headed by the Speaker, currently Alan Peter Cayetano.

## Other websites
*Official Website of the House of Representatives 
*Official Website of the Senate
Speaker of the House of Representatives of the Philippines

The **Speaker of the House of Representatives of the Philippines** () is the presiding officer and the highest-ranking official of the lower house of Congress, the House of Representatives as well as the fourth highest and most powerful official of the Government of the Philippines.

The Speaker is elected by a majority of all of the Representatives from among themselves. The Speaker is the third and last in line in succession for the presidency, after the President of the Senate of the Philippines, and Vice President of the Philippines.

## Living former Speakers of the House
Currently there are six living former Speakers of the House:

File:Jose de Venecia junior 2007.jpg|Jose de Venecia Jr. (Lakas–CMD), served 1992–1998; 2001–2008
File:Manny Villar T'nalak Festival 2009.jpg|Manuel Villar (LAMMP), served 1998–2000
File:Philippine House Speaker Feliciano Belmonte.jpg|Feliciano Belmonte Jr. (Liberal), served 2001; 2010–2016
File:Alvarez-p.jpg|Pantaleon Alvarez (PDP–Laban), served 2016–2018
File:Arroyo with Xi and Sotto (cropped).jpg|Gloria Macapagal Arroyo (PDP–Laban), served 2018–2019

*Legend:* A person's name in **boldface** means that the person is an actively serving Member of the House of Representatives.
Feliciano Belmonte Jr.

**Fernando Feliciano "Sonny" Racimo Belmonte Jr.** (born October 2, 1936) is a member of the House of Representatives of the Philippines representing the Fourth District of Quezon City.  He is also the Speaker of the House of Representatives of the Philippines from 2010 to 2016. He served as the Mayor of Quezon City from 2001 to 2010.

Belmonte was a member of the Manila Jaycees, the Rotary Club of Manila and the Knights of Rizal. He was also Junior Chamber International World President in 1976.

## References
Jose de Venecia Jr.

**Jose Claveria de Venecia Jr.** (December 26, 1936 &ndash; February 10, 2026) was a Filipino politician. He was the Speaker of the House of Representatives of the Philippines serving from 1992 to 1998 and from 2001 to 2008.  He ran for president in the 1998 election but lost to Vice President Joseph Estrada, finishing second among 11 candidates.

De Venecia died on February 10, 2026 at the age of 89.

## References
## Other websites
*The biography of Jose de Venecia Jr. 
*The official website of Jose de Venecia Jr. 
*The official website of the Philippine House of Representatives
Pantaleon Alvarez

**Pantaleon** "**Bebot**" **Diaz Alvarez** (born January 10, 1958) is a Filipino politician. He was the Speaker of the House of Representatives of the Philippines from 2016 to 2018 and represents the 1st District of Davao del Norte, the Philippines. 

From 2001 to 2002, he was acting Secretary of Transportation and Communications. He is a supporter of President Rodrigo Duterte.

## References
Koko Pimentel

**Aquilino Martin de la Llana Pimentel III**, commonly known as **Koko Pimentel**, (born January 20, 1964) is a Filipino politician. He was the 28th Senate President of the Philippines from 2016 through 2018.

## References
Chief Justice of the Philippines

The **Chief Justice of the Philippines** () is the judge in charge of the Supreme Court of the Philippines. They are the highest ranking judge in the government of the Philippines. The current chief justice is Alexander Gesmundo. He was chosen to be the chief justice by President Rodrigo Duterte in 2021.

## List of chief justices
: José Abad Santos was unable to preside over the Supreme Court due to the outbreak of World War II.
: Renato Corona was impeached on December 12, 2011, and convicted on May 29, 2012, removing him from office.
: Senior Associate Justice Antonio Carpio served as acting Chief Justice after the Impeachment of Renato Corona from May 30, 2012 to August 25, 2012 and after the removal of Maria Lourdes Sereno via quo warranto proceedings from May 14, 2018 to August 25, 2018.
: Maria Lourdes Sereno was removed on May 11, 2018 via *quo warranto* by a special *en banc* session; the petition alleged Sereno's appointment was void *ab initio* due to her failure in complying with the requirements of the Judicial and Bar Council. Hence her entire term as Chief Justice is considered a ***de facto*** tenure; legally void since the ouster of her predecessor. Sereno filed an *ad cautelam* motion for reconsideration pleading for the reversal of the decision on May 31, 2018, but on June 19, 2018 was denied with finality (meaning no further pleading shall be entertained, as well as for the immediate entry for judgment) for lack of merit.

## References
Hilario Davide Jr.

**Hilario Gelbolingo Davide Jr.**, GCSS, (born December 20, 1935) is a former successful Ambassador/Permanent Representative of the Permanent Mission of the Republic of the Philippines to the United Nations in New York City.

He was the 20th Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the Philippines and head of the Judicial Branch of government from November 1998 to December 2005. As the highest judicial officer, he presided over the Supreme Court of the Philippines.

On June 30, 2010, President Benigno Aquino III announced that Davide will head a truth commission that will investigate important issues in the country.

## References
Patrick Morrisey

**Patrick James Morrisey** (born December 21, 1967) is an American lawyer and politician who has been the 37th Governor of West Virginia since 2025. He was the Attorney General of West Virginia from 2013 until 2025. He is a member of the Republican Party.

He was born in New York City. Morrisey studied at Rutgers University. He defeated five-term Democratic incumbent Darrell McGraw in the 2012 election.

In July 2017, Morrisey announced his candidacy for U.S. Senate. He lost the general election in November 2018 to incumbent Joe Manchin.

On April 4, 2023, Morrisey announced his candidacy for governor of West Virginia in the 2024 election. He narrowly defeated State Delegate Moore Capito in the primary election in May 2024. He won the election in November 2024.

## References
## Other websites
*Office of the WV Attorney General 
*Morrisey for Senate
Supreme Court of the Philippines

The **Supreme Court of the Philippines** (; commonly called the *Korte Suprema*) is the highest court in the Philippines. 

The Members of the Court include the Chief Justice and 14 Associate Justices. It follows the Constitution, the Supreme Court has "administrative supervision over all courts and the personnel thereof".

Currently the Supreme Court is Composed of:

# **Alexander Gesmundo, Chief Justice since 2021**
# **Marvic Leonen, Appointed in 2012, Senior Associate Justice since 2022.**
# **Alfredo Benjamin Caguioa**
# **Ramon Paul Hernando**
# **Amy Lazaro-Javier**
# **Henri-Jean Paul Inting**
# **Rodil Zalameda**
# **Mario Lopez**
# **Samuel Gaerlan**
# **Ricardo Rosario**
# **Jhosep Lopez**
# **Japar Dimaampao**
# **Antonio Kho Jr.**
# **Maria Filomena Singh**

## References
## Related pages
* **Court of Appeals of the Philippines**
***Sandiganbayan**
***Court of Tax Appeals**
Global Communicorp UK

**Global Communicorp UK** owns UK radio brands including Capital networks in Scotland and South Wales, Heart Networks in Yorkshire and North Wales, Smooth Radio networks in the North East, North West and East Midlands as well as XS Manchester.

Another seven regional Capital, Heart and Smooth stations are part of the brands’ UK wide network. Also owned is one local station - XS Manchester.
Congress of the Philippines

The **Congress of the Philippines** () is the national legislature of the Philippines. It is made of the Senate (upper chamber), and the House of Representatives (lower chamber). although in the Philippines the term congress commonly refers to just the latter.

The Senate is made of 24 senators   half of which are elected every three years. The House of Representatives is currently made of 297 congressmen.

A regular session can last until thirty days before the opening of its next regular session in the succeeding year. The President may, however, call special sessions which are usually held between regular legislative sessions to handle emergencies or urgent matters.

## References
List of British pornographic actors

A list of notable British pornographic film actors

## Female
## Male
## Related page
*List of gay porn stars

## References
SOLID (object-oriented design)

**SOLID** is a mnemonic acronym for a group of five good principles (rules) in computer programming. SOLID allows programmers to write code that is easier to understand and change later on. SOLID is often used with systems that use an object-oriented design. 

SOLID was promoted by Robert C. Martin but the name itself was created by Michael Feathers. 

In essence, SOLID principles guide developers towards creating code that is more maintainable, flexible, and reusable. By adhering to these principles, one can build software systems that are easier to understand, modify, and extend over time. 

## SOLID Principles
### Single responsibility principle (SRP) 
Class has one job to do. Each change in requirements can be done by changing just one class.

#### Importance
*Maintainability: When classes have a single, well-defined responsibility, they're easier to understand and modify.
*Testability: It's easier to write unit tests for classes with a single focus.
*Flexibility: Changes to one responsibility don't affect unrelated parts of the system.
### Open/closed principle (OCP) 
Class is happy (open) to be used by others. Class is not happy (closed) to be changed by others.
#### Importance
*Extensibility: New features can be added without modifying existing code.
*Stability: Reduces the risk of introducing bugs when making changes.
*Flexibility: Adapts to changing requirements more easily.
### Liskov substitution principle (LSP) 
Class can be replaced by any of its children. Children classes inherit parent's behaviours.
#### Importance
*Polymorphism: Enables the use of polymorphic behavior, making code more flexible and reusable.
*Reliability: Ensures that subclasses adhere to the contract defined by the superclass.
*Predictability: Guarantees that replacing a superclass object with a subclass object won't break the program.
### Interface segregation  principle (ISP) 
When classes promise each other something, they should separate these promises (interfaces) into many small promises, so it's easier to understand.
#### Importance
*Decoupling: Reduces dependencies between classes, making the code more modular and maintainable.
*Flexibility: Allows for more targeted implementations of interfaces.
*Avoids unnecessary dependencies: Clients don't have to depend on methods they don't use.
### Dependency inversion principle (DIP) 
When classes talk to each other in a very specific way, they both depend on each other to never change. Instead classes should use promises (interfaces, parents), so classes can change as long as they keep the promise.
#### Importance
*Loose coupling: Reduces dependencies between modules, making the code more flexible and easier to test.
*Flexibility: Enables changes to implementations without affecting clients.
*Maintainability: Makes code easier to understand and modify.
## Related pages
* Programming
* Systems theory
* Social psychology
* Computer science
* Information technology

## References
Belling the Cat (movie)

***Belling the Cat*** () is a 2014 Vietnamese animated movie. It was directed by Lê Bình.

## Plot 
Long ago, the mice had a general council to consider what measures they could take to outwit their common enemy, the Cat.

Some said this, and some said that ; but at last a young mouse got up and said he had a proposal to make, which he thought would meet the case.

"You will all agree", said he, "that our chief danger consists in the sly and treacherous manner in which the enemy approaches us. Now, if we could receive some signal of her approach, we could easily escape from her". "I venture, therefore, to propose that a small bell be procured, and attached by a ribbon round the neck of the Cat. By this means we should always know when she was about, and could easily retire while she was in the neighbourhood".

This proposal met with general applause, until an old mouse got up and said : "That is all very well, but who is to bell the Cat ?". The mice looked at one another and nobody spoke. Then the old mouse said : "It is easy to propose impossible remedies".

## Production 
* Style : 2D computer animation
* Artist : Lê Bình
* Animator : Đào Xuân Thành, Lê Hồng Yến, Dương Văn Hùng, Quách Lê Tuyến, Đào Minh Châu, Nguyễn Hữu Lãm, Nguyễn Vân Anh, Vũ Mạnh Hùng, Nguyễn Phương Nhi, Cao Minh Dũng, Ngô Ngọc Long, Phạm Minh Nguyệt, Lê Thanh Huyền, Lê Bình
* Editor : Nguyễn Thị Vân, Nguyễn Quỳnh Hoa, Lê Thu Thủy, Hoàng Thu Hương, Trần Bình Minh, Hoàng Công Đức, Vũ Thị Hoa, Bùi Ái Liên, Nguyễn Thu Hiền, Nguyễn Tuấn Phúc, Đào Bích Hồng
* Camera : Trần Thị Dịu, Trịnh Hải Yến
* Photography director : Phan Trung, Nguyễn Việt Phương, Nguyễn Thị Thùy, Bùi Hồng Thái
* Color : Đào Việt Hà, Nguyễn Khánh Linh, Nguyễn Thị Hoa, Lương Minh Ngọc, Phó Vương Anh, Vũ Thị Dung, Lê Thị Bích
* Sound : Đặng Duy Chiến, Lê Bình
* Montage : Phạm Thị Trang
* Computer : Nguyễn Duy Long, Nguyễn Lê Giang
* Theme : *Where to return* (Nơi về) by Đặng Duy Chiến with Hoài Nam's singing

## Award 
* Silver Kite prize - Vietnam Film Festival XIX (2015)

## Related pages 
* Belling the Cat (fable)

## References
Tale of moon rabbits

**Tale of moon rabbits** () is a 1967 Vietnamese animated film, directed by Hồ Quảng.
## Plot
At Mid-Autumn Festival, one bear stealed moon. Then a turtle with moon rabbits has determined to rescue the moon. But a tiger, a cobra and foxs prevented road to eat moon rabbits.
## Production
* Artist : Hữu Đức
* Animator : Đình Dũng, Thế Thiện, Đặng Hiền, Sỹ Nhạc, Nghiêm Dung, Dân Quốc, Thanh Bồng, Huy Đắc
* Decorating : Phan Thị Hà
* Sound : Hoàng Việt
with Vietnam National Symphony Orchestra by conducting of Trần Quý.
## References
Tale of Gióng the Saint

**Tale of Gióng the Saint** () is a 1970 Vietnamese animated film which was based on the mythology, directed by Ngô Mạnh Lân.
## Plot
Tale of Gióng the Saint who was a hero of Phu Dong village.
## Production
By this film, director Ngô Mạnh Lân was called *Sir "Gióng" Lân*. The film was produced at the time of Vietnamization when USAF attacked North Vietnam. Vietnam Animation Studio's staffs had evacuated in Vĩnh Phú province (now Phú Thọ province). They has performed the film at the night with oil lamp's light.
* Style : Puppet animation
* Artist : Mai Long
* Color printing by National Studio for Documentary and Scientific Films
## Award
* Merit prize of Moskva International Film Festival, 1971.
* Golden Lotus prize at the Vietnam Film Festival II, 1973.

## References
* Vietnamese animation - The unforgotten ways
The babygirl and the flowerpot

***The babygirl and the flowerpot*** () is a 1970 Vietnamese animated movie, directed by Nghiêm Dung.

## Production
* Artist : Hữu Đức
* Animator : Dân Quốc, Đình Dũng, Bảo Quang, Vũ Tân Dân, Kiến Hiền, Sỹ Nhạc, Song An
* Decorating : Khắc Y
* Sound : Cao Huy
* Montager : Nguyễn Thị Tám
* Color printing by the Vietnamese Technology for Film Production Factory

## Awards
* Merit prize of Moskva International Film Festival, 1973.

## References
The Welldeserved Fox

**The Welldeserved Fox** () is a 1959 Vietnamese animated movie, directed by Lê Minh Hiền and Trương Qua.

## Plot
The movie was based on poem *The fox and the hive* (Con cáo và tổ ong) by Hồ Chí Minh.

In a forest lived Bear and Chicken. Once, Chicken was enticed by Fox for his eating. But Chicken ran away luckily.

Then Bear seeked Chicken and called Bees to chase Fox.

## Production
*The Welldeserved Fox* was known as the first animated movie of the North Vietnam.

By first plan, the movie would has the 300m length on 10 minutes, 15 thousand drawings on the 18x24cm size of cellophane. But Vietnamese infrastructures could not response, then drawers used typewriter papers which were soaked oil. Besides, their "desks" were glass windows what were in Vietnam Animation Studio's house on Hoàng Hoa Thám Street (Hanoi).
* Animators : Lê Minh Hiền, Trương Qua, Hồ Quảng...

## Award
* Golden Lotus prize at the Vietnam Film Festival II (1973) for the best artists (Hồ Quảng and Trương Qua).

## References
* Chỗ đứng nào cho phim hoạt hình Việt ?
* Phim hoạt hình Việt Nam "tỉnh giấc" ? 
* Khoảng trống phim hoạt hình Việt Nam
Hare and Wolf

**Hare and Wolf** () is a Vietnamese animated series of shorts. It was directed by M.A. Đặng Nhân Lập.

## Plot
* **Episode 01** (1991) : *A tail of Wolf* ()
* **Episode 02** (1992) : *The ear and the eye* ()
* **Episode 03** (1993) : *Travelling a day...* ()
* **Episode 04** (2000) : ''Believing the sky is as small as the cooking pot's lid* ()
* **Episode 05** (2001) : *Believing the sky will ruin* ()

## Production
* Assistant : Bùi Quỳnh
* Artist : Lý Thu Hà, Lập Thu
* Animators : Lan Phương, Thanh Việt, Tường Long, Nguyễn Thị Măng, Phùng Văn Hà, Ngô Ngọc Long, Hoàng Linh, Doãn Thùy, Thanh Huyền, Minh Nguyệt
* Decorating : Thu Lý, Hồng Sơn, Bình Minh
* Sound : Tạ Quốc Khánh, Mạnh Kiên, Trần Toàn
* Montager : Kim Oanh, Viết Phú
* Actors : Phú Đôn (Wolf), Trung Hiếu (Fox & Pup the Police)
* Theme : *Why you in a hurry to get married'' (Sao em nỡ vội lấy chồng) composed by Trần Hiếu with Wolf's singing
* Color printing by National Studio for Documentary and Scientific Films

## Related pages
* Tom and Jerry

## References
Pentti Siimes

**Pentti Kalevi Siimes** (10 September 1929 – 27 October 2016) was a Finnish actor. He appeared in 86 movies and television shows between 1946 and 2008. He was born in Helsinki, Finland.

Siimes starred in the movie *Miriam*, which was entered into the 8th Berlin International Film Festival. He was known for his role as PFC. Määttä in the 1955 movie *The Unknown Soldier*.

Siimes died on 27 October 2016 in Helsinki, Finland at the age of 87.

## References 
## Other websites 
*
Thread snake

The **thread snake** or the **slender blind snake** (*Leptotyphlops carlae*) is the smallest known snake. They can be found in North America, South America, Asia and Africa.

They live in places like rainforests and dry areas like deserts, and are known to appear near ant and termite nests. This is the main source of their diet. Thread snakes lay eggs.
Ophidiophobia

**Ophidiophobia** or **ophiophobia** is the abnormal fear of snakes. It is sometimes called herpetophobia, which is a fear of reptiles or amphibians. The word comes from the Greek words "ophis" () meaning snake, and "phobia" () meaning fear. 

This is a phobia, so it does not include people who do not like snakes or fear them for their venom. A person with ophidiophobia (called an ophidiophobe) not only fears them when in live contact, but is scared to think about them or even see them in video or still pictures.

About a third of adult humans are ophidiophobic, making this the most common reported phobia. Scientists think that mammals may have an innate fear of snakes. This was vital for their survival as it allowed such dangerous threats to be identified immediately.

## References