open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Arrondissements of the Meurthe-et-Moselle department

There are 4 **arrondissements in the Meurthe-et-Moselle department**. The French departments, and in other countries, are divided into *arrondissements*, which may be translated into English as **districts** (in some cases, as **boroughs**). The capital of an arrondissement is called a subprefecture.

If the prefecture (capital) of the department is in an arrondissement, that prefecture is the capital of the arrondissement, acting both as a prefecture and as a subprefecture.

Arrondissements are further divided into communes.

The arrondissements of Meurthe-et-Moselle are:

## History
Since its creation om 1871, the Meurthe-et-Moselle department has had few changes:
* 1871 : creation of the department with four arrondissements: Briey, Lunéville, Toul and Nancy.
* 1926 : the arrondissement of Toul was eliminated.
* 1943 : Toul was made again an arrondissement.

## Related pages
*List of arrondissements of France

## References
Indian Act

The **Indian  Act** ("An Act respecting Indians"), is a Canadian statute that concerns registered Indians, their bands, and the system of Indian reserves. It was first passed in 1876 and is still in force with amendments. It is the primary document which governs how the Canadian state interacts with the 614 First Nation bands in Canada and their members.  Throughout its long history, the Act has been an ongoing source of controversy. It has been ed in many ways by both aboriginal and non-aboriginal Canadians.  The legislation has been amended many times, including "over twenty major kwjce g2reydgywgskugnedchanges" made by 2002.

## References
Mark-Paul Gosselaar

**Mark-Paul Gosselaar** (born March 1, 1974) is an American actor. He is well known for his s on television. He played Zack Morris on *Saved by the Bell*. He also played the detective John Clark on ABC's *NYPD Blue*.

Gosselaar was born in the Los Angeles area of California.

## References
Machine learning

**Machine learning** gives computers the ability to learn without being explicitly programmed (Arthur Samuel, 1959). It is a subfield of computer science.

The idea came from work in artificial intelligence. Machine learning explores the study and construction of algorithms which can learn and make predictions on data. Such algorithms follow programmed instructions, but can also make predictions or decisions based on data. They build a model from sample inputs.

Machine learning is done where designing and programming explicit algorithms cannot be done. Examples include spam filtering, detection of artificial neural network intruders or malicious insiders working towards a data breach, optical character recognition (OCR), search engines and computer vision.

Using machine learning has risks. Some algorithms create a final model which is a black box. Models have been criticized for biases in hiring, criminal justice, and recognizing faces.

## Overview 
Learning algorithms try to predict what will happen in the future with patterns from the past. These predictions can be obvious: for example, if the sun rose for the past 10,000 days, it will probably rise again. These predictions can also be more complex. An example of a complex prediction is facial recognition (knowing who someone is by looking at face).

Machine learning programs can do things that it hasn't been told to do by a programmer. Machine learning programs will be shown some patterns. These patterns will be an input (such as a question) and an output (the answer to the question). Then, the machine learning program will predict the output based on the input. Machine learning isn't always necessary. Computers can do simple tasks by being told instructions. However, sometimes there are a lot of things that control the output. Then, it is hard for a human to tell the computer all of the instructions. It is sometimes easier to tell the computer how to teach itself.

There are a lot of different ways to tell the computer to teach itself. When a problem has a lot of answers, different answers can be marked as valid. This is used to form data that the computer is trained with. One example of training data is the MNIST data. The MNIST data has images of handwritten numbers. The computer can learn to identify handwritten numbers using the MNIST data.

## References
Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite

The **Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite** (**TESS**) is a NASA space telescope searching for planets outside of the Solar System. Like the Kepler (spacecraft), it is using occultation to find these extrasolar planets but is searching a larger part of the sky. 

TESS was launched on April 18, 2018 on a SpaceX Falcon 9 Full Thrust rocket from the Cape Canaveral Air Force Station.  The total value of the launch services contract is US$87&nbsp;million.  SpaceX was awarded the launch in December 2014. As of November 2022 it had found 273 confirmed exoplanets and 4079 possible ones that need further investigation.

## Orbit 
*TESS* is orbiting the Earth with a period of about 14 days, which is half of the period of the Moon. The orbit is highly elliptical, closer to the Earth at some points but very far at other times.  *TESS* has four high-resolution cameras and continuously takes photos of the sky. It sends the photos to the laboratory on Earth which makes them available to scientists to study. Members of the public, like astronomy hobbyists and enthusiasts, can also download and see the photos.

The main purpose of *TESS* is to find planets around other stars. Such planets, when they are orbiting around their stars, partially cover the stars and make them not as bright half of the time. This is called occultation. 

*TESS* satellite is small, about  in size, with the solar panel span of . It weighed  at launch.

## References 
## Other websites 
* TESS website  by the Kavli Foundation
École des mines d'Albi-Carmaux

'''École nationale supérieure des mines d'Albi-Carmaux'* is a renowned graduate engineering school in France. It is in a campus of the Toulouse Tech (Southern France).

Its different curricula lead to the following French & European degrees :
* *Ingénieur Mines Albi* (Mines Albi Graduate engineer Masters level program)
* PhD doctorate studies
* *Mastères Spécialisés'' (MS)

Academic activities and industrial applied research are performed mainly in French and English languages. Students from a dozen of nationalities participate to the different curricula at Mines Albi.

## Research labs 
Research activities at Mines Albi relate to the following topics:
* Renewable energies, biomass and eco-activities
* Powders, health and nutrition
* Materials and processes for aeronautics and space
* Business process improvement

## References 
## Further reading 
* Official website
European Russia

Russia is a country that stretches from Eastern Europe to North Asia. It is the largest and most populous country in Europe.  

About twenty-five percent of Russia's land is on the European continent. The other seventy-five percent is on the Asian continent. Russia is a very big country; the land in the European part alone makes up 35% of the surface of Europe.  

## Population 
About 110 million of the 144 million people in Russia, or 80%, live in the European part. The other 20% live in the Asian part of Russia (Siberia). 

About 15% of the population of Europe lives in the European part of Russia. 

In the European part, the population density is 27.5 people per square kilometer. In Siberia, there are just 2.5 people per square kilometer. 

## Cities 
Russia's biggest cities, Moscow and Saint Petersburg, are in the European part.  Moscow is the biggest city in Russia, with a population of 12,737,400 people (as of 2025).

## References
Ajmer

**Ajmer** is a city in Rajasthan, India. Ajmer is the headquarters of the Ajmer district. The city was established as "*Ajayameru*" by a Chahamana ruler, either Ajayaraja I or Ajayaraja II, and served as their capital until the 12th century CE. 

Ajmer is surrounded by the Aravalli Mountains. Ajmer had been a municipality since 1869. Ajmer has been selected as one of the heritage cities for the HRIDAY and Smart City Mission schemes of the Government of India.

## Tourism 
|thumb]]

|thumb]]

 is a recent addition to Ajmer|thumb]]
]]
The main tourist places here are the Ajmer Sharif, Taragarh Fort, Soniji Ki Nasiyan, Nareli Jain Temple and many attracts tourists. The Pushkar Lake is located 11km away from Ajmer.

## References
Chigger

A **chigger** is a small, parasitic mite which lives in tall grass. It is a member of a larger family known as the **Trombiculidae**. 

The species of Trombiculidae which bite in their larval stage cause "intense irritation", or "a wheal, usually with severe itching, , and dermatitis". 

Their color can range from bright red to brown. Chiggers are almost too small to see with the naked eye, so checking grass for them is near impossible. Chigger bites appear 2-3 hours after a host is bitten, and can last for a few weeks. They bite in hot, moist places, such as the armpits, under the knees, and the genitals.

Trombiculidae live in forests and grasslands and in low, damp areas such as woodlands, berry bushes, orchards, along lakes and streams. They do live in drier places, such as lawns, golf courses, and parks. They are most numerous in early summer when grass, weeds, and other vegetation are heaviest. 

In their larval stage they attach to various animals and feed on skin, often causing itching. 

The best known species of chigger in North America is the hard-biting *Trombicula alfreddugesi* of the southeastern United States, humid midwest and Mexico. In the UK, the most common chigger, the "harvest mite", is *Trombicula autumnalis*. It lives through Western Europe to Eastern Asia.

## References
Charles Zwick

**Charles John Zwick** (July 17, 1926 &ndash; April 20, 2018) was an American civil servant. He served as director of the United States' Office of Management and Budget from January 29, 1968 until January 21, 1969 under the administration of Lyndon B. Johnson.

Zwick died of cancer on April 20, 2018 in Coral Gables, Florida at the age of 91.

## References
Series and parallel circuits

Two types of electrical circuits are the series circuit, and the parallel circuit.

## Series Circuit 
In a series circuit, the electrical current is only able to flow around a single path. The current will flow from a power source, such as a battery, into one or more electrical loads, such as a light bulb, and then back to the power source. In a series circuit, the same amount of amperage from the power source flows through each load. The voltage in a series circuit is divided up across all of the loads. If one of the loads on a series circuit stops working, the current will not be able to flow through the rest of the circuit, and the rest of the loads will also stop working.

## Parallel circuit
 connected to a power source in parallel.]]
In a parallel circuit, the electrical current may flow along multiple paths before returning to the power source. The Voltage in a parallel circuit is the same across all of the loads in the circuit. In a parallel circuit, the amperage is divided up across all of the loads. If one of the loads in a parallel circuit stops working, the other loads in parallel will be able to continue to work. The voltage in a parallel circuit is the same on all the loads.
Assassination of Andrei Karlov

On 19 December 2016, Russian diplomat **Andrei Karlov** was gunned down during an exhibition in Ankara, Turkey by a police officer who was mad about the Russian ment in Syria and the deaths of civilians in Aleppo.

## References
Gavialis

***Gavialis*** is a genus of crocodylians that includes the living gharial *Gavialis gangeticus* and several extinct species.
Andrei Karlov

**Andrei Gennadyevich Karlov** (; 4 February 1954 – 19 December 2016) was a Russian diplomat. He served as the Russian Ambassador to Turkey from 12 July 2013 until his assassination. He also served as Russia's ambassador to North Korea from 9 July 2001 to 20 December 2006. He was born in Moscow.

## Death 
Karlov was shot and killed on 19 December 2016 in Ankara, Turkey. He was 62 years old. His killer, 22-year-old Mevlüt Mert Altıntaş, was killed by security forces after shooting the ambassador.

## References
Chromebook

A **Chromebook** is a laptop that uses the Linux-based Chrome OS as its operating system was introduced on May 11, 2011 manufactured by Acer and Samsung. 
It uses the Internet. Most applications and data are in the "cloud". A Chromebook is an example of a thin client. It is a lightweight computer which uses remote access to a server. It depends heavily on another computer (its server) to do its computation.

In March 2018, Acer and Google announced the creation of the first Chromebook tablet, the Chromebook Tab 10. This device was to compete with the market for cheap Apple iPad tablets in the education market. The Tab 10 screen (9.7 inches, 2048 x 1536 resolution) was identical to that of the iPad. The device includes a stylus. Neither device included a keyboard.

In March 2020, following the COVID-19 pandemic, many schools used Chromebooks to do school online, and put apps onto it like Google Meet and Zoom. 30 million Chromebooks were bought by schools in 2020 alone because of it. Some schools used iPads, but since they are too expensive for other schools, they use Chromebooks instead.

## References
Mattel

**Mattel** is an American multinational toy company. It was founded in 1945.

The company makes products and brands, like American Girl dolls, Barbie dolls, Fisher-Price toys, Thomas & Friends trains and Hot Wheels toys. 

In 2014, it ranked #403 on the Fortune 500 list. It is the largest toy maker in terms of revenue.

## Toys
*Talking SpongeBob
*Talking Patrick
*Talking Squidward
*Squirting SpongeBob
*Babbling SpongeBob
*Beach Blastin SpongeBob
*Eye-Poppin SpongeBob
*Pants-Droppin SpongeBob
*Barbie Loves SpongeBob

## References
Jackson's Valley Campaign

'''Jackson's Valley Campaign**, also known as the **1862 Shenandoah Valley Campaign''', was a campaign conducted in Virginia's Shenandoah Valley in the spring of 1862 during the American Civil War. It was led by a relatively unknown Confederate General, Thomas J. "Stonewall" Jackson. During that time, his army fought in five battles, winning four of them. His movements tied down 70,000 Union soldiers, a force four times larger than his own. Jackson's campaign is still  at the United States Military Academy at West Point.

## Background 
After a series of victories in the West, the Union Army of the Potomac launched a major offensive on the Virginia Peninsula. Their  was to take Richmond, the Confederate States' capital. Its geography provided a natural  which Confederate armies could use to attack the North. It was the opening battle in Jackson's Valley Campaign. Jackson's cavalry commander, Colonel Turner Ashby, had skirmished with Union troops on March 22, 1862. On March 23, Jackson sent his cavalry under Ashby against the Union position. Colonel Nathan Kimball, the Union commander, concentrated his forces on Pritchard Hill and also set up his artillery there. They were also joined by a division under Richard S. Ewell. On May 8, Milroy attacked the Confederates on Sitlington’s Hill. For four hours the two armies fought, finally throwing Milroy's army back at nightfall. Jackson's forces attacked a 1,000 man Union garrison commanded by colonel Kenly. President Lincoln felt Jackson's army in the Shenandoah Valley threatened the safety of Washington D.C. Ewell's division attacked Camp Hill.

### Battle of Cross Keys 
Lincoln was now concerned that if Banks could not hold Jackson, his Confederate army might move to attack Washington D.C. On May 24, he had instructed Generals John C. Frémont and Irvin McDowell to send troops to support Banks. This was before Banks was defeated at Winchester. Ewell had been ordered to block Frémont's movements towards Port Republic, Virginia. Early in the morning of June 9, Jackson's forces used a makeshift bridge to cross over the South River in Virginia. Union general Erastus B. Tyler placed artillery batteries on a ridge covering the front of the Union position.

## Aftermath 
Jackson's Valley Campaign in the spring of 1862 was a tremendous success. In just 48 days, his approximately 17,000 Confederates had marched  up and down the Shenandoah Valley. They engaged and defeated three different Union armies totaling about 52,000 men. Jackson kept them from reinforcing McClellan's army on the Virginia Peninsula. The campaign cost the Union 5,735 casualties at a loss of about 2,441 Confederate casualties. They captured so many supplies from Banks' army that Confederate soldiers began referring to the Union general as "Commissary Banks."

## Notes 
## References
2016 Berlin truck attack

On 19 December 2016 at 20:02 Central European Time, a truck rammed into a crowd of people at a Christmas market in Charlottenburg, Berlin, Germany. This killed 12 people and injured 49 others. The original driver of the truck was found shot dead in the passenger seat. 

The Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant claimed responsibility for the terrorist attack. The perpatrator was Anis Amri, a Tunisian asylum seeker. On 23 December 2016, Amri was shot dead by an Italian police officer in Sesto San Giovanni, Lombardy. German police later confirmed that Amri's fingerprints were the same as those in the truck.

## Attack 
The truck that was involved, a Scania semi-trailer truck, was owned by a Polish company named *Usługi Transportowe Ariel Żurawski*. The truck was transporting steel beams to Berlin.

The original truck driver, Lukasz Urban, is believed to have been killed by the perpetrator. He was stabbed and shot in the head. On 19 December 2016, at 20:02 local time, the truck drove through a Christmas market. This killed 12 people. The truck drove 50–80 metres (160–260 ft) and destroyed many booths. Some witnesses saw the driver leave the truck and run towards Tiergarten.

## Reactions 
Czech Finance Minister Andrej Babiš said "Unfortunately... [Angela Merkel's open-door migration] policy is responsible for this dreadful act. It was she who let migrants enter Germany and the whole of Europe in uncontrolled waves, without papers, therefore without knowing who they really are." Marcus Pretzell, husband of AfD leader Frauke Petry, tweeted: "When will the German state of law strike back? When will this cursed hypocrisy finally stop? These are Merkel's dead! #Nice #Berlin."

Muslims and Chrisitians held a vigil together after the attack.

## Related pages
* Terrorism
* Islamic terrorism
* 2016 Nice attack
* Charlie Hebdo shooting
* 2024 Solingen stabbing
* 2024 Magdeburg attack
* 2018 Strasbourg shooting
* November 2015 Paris attacks
* April 2017 Champs-Élysées attack

## Notes
## References
2016 Irkutsk mass methanol poisoning

In late December 2016, 58 people died from mass methanol poisoning in Irkutsk, Russia. It was caused by people drinking cheap counterfeit alcohol that was actually supposed to be used as a bath lotion. The counterfeit was called *Boyaryshnik* (Боярышник; Russian for "Hawthorn").

## Cause 
*Boyaryshnik* was much cheaper than vodka, so people bought it instead amid the tough economic conditions. Russia's deputy prime minister said before the incident that this type of alcohol made up 20% of all the alcohol drank in the country.

The lotion was mixed with methanol; which is an alcohol that is poisonous. The label on the bottle said that the lotion instead had ethanol. A total of 58 people died from drinking the lotion. The victims were poor and were all between the ages of 35 and 50.

## Aftermath 
Many people who were involved with making the lotion were arrested. About 500 litres (130 US gal) of lotion was confiscated from the facility where it was made.

Prime Minister Dmitry Medvedev called for a ban on counterfeit alcohol, stating that "it's an outrage, and we need to put an end to this."

## References
2015 Kyrgyz parliamentary election

The 2015 **Kyrgyzstani parliamentary election** was held on 4 October 2015.

## Electoral system 
The 120 seats in the Supreme Council were elected by proportional representation. This means that if a party gets 20% of the vote, for example, they get 20% of the seats. A party had to receive at least 7% of the vote to get seats in the council. No party was allowed to win more than 65 seats. 

## Campaign 
Many political parties were formed before the election; often made by wealthy Kyrgyz who want to promote their own interests.

A lot of potential candidates were not allowed to run due to criminal convictions. One party leader, a former boxer, was banned after he beat up a rival candidate.

## Result 
Sources: 

## Conduct 
Even though there were some reports of voter fraud, the OSCE said that the elections were "lively and competitive" and "unique in this region." The PACE said that voters had "made their choice freely among a large number of contestants."

The OSCE did note some problems with voter registration, and the Council of Europe had concern over the transparency of some campaigns and financing.

## References
Kyrgyzstan (political party)

The **Kyrgyzstan Party** is a political party in Kyrgyzstan. It was created in May 2015 by businessman Sharshenbek Abdakerimov. The party is now led by Kanatbek Isaev (a former member of the Respublika Party.)

The party has a lot of support in the south of the country. In the 2015 Parliamentary elections, the Kyrgyzstan Party won 18 seats after getting 12.67% of the votes.

## References 
## Other websites 
* http://kyrgyzstan7.kg — Official website
Branchiobdellida

**Branchiobdellida** are an order of leech-like worms that are mostly ectoparasites of crayfish.

## References
2016 United States presidential election in Florida

The **2016 United States presidential election in Florida** was held on 8 November 2016. It was part of the 2016 United States presidential election, in which all other states plus the District of Columbia voted.

On 15 March 2016, the state also voted for who they wanted to be the nominee of their respective parties.

## Presidential 
### Polling 
Below is a table with the polling results in Florida. Florida has not voted Republican in the general election since 2008.

### Results 
## Caucuses 
### Democratic 
The Democratic caucus occurred on 15 March 2016.

### Republican 
The Republican caucus occurred on 1 March 2016.

## Related pages
* Democratic Party presidential primaries, 2016
* Republican Party presidential primaries, 2016

## References 
## Other websites 
* RNC 2016 Republican Nominating Process 
* Green papers for 2016 primaries, caucuses, and conventions
* 2016 Presidential primaries , ElectionProjection.com
* Interactive Map, 2016 Florida Primary Election Results - ap.com
* Decision Desk Headquarter Results for Florida
Patrick H. Grace

**Patrick Henry Grace** (1832 – February 24, 1896) was a United States Navy sailor. He received the Medal of Honor for actions during the Korean Expedition of 1871. He was a native of Ireland but moved to the United States. His original name was **Henry Patrick Grace** but he changed it. Grace was cited for "gallant and  service".

## Medal of Honor citation
Rank and organization: Chief Quartermaster, U.S. Navy. Born: 1835. Ireland. Accredited to: Pennsylvania. G.O. No. 177, December 4, 1915.

### Citation 
On board the U.S.S. *Benicia* during the attack on the Korean forts, 10 and 11 June 1871. Carrying out his  with ness, Grace set forth gallant and meritorious conduct throughout this action.

## Related pages
*List of Medal of Honor recipients

## References
Kelly (given name)

**Kelly** [ **kel**-ee ] is a given name and family name. As a given name, *Kelly* is used mostly for females. However, there are some males with the name.

As a family name, *Kelly* has many origins. The family name started in the 19th century. It was used for a masculine name in the late 19th century. Feminine use began around 1940. By 1957, it surpassed male usage thanks to American actress Grace Kelly. Kelly is a gender-neutral name that has been in vogue for both male and female individuals for several decades. The name has roots in Ireland and is derived from the Gaelic term "ceallach," which signifies "warrior" or "fighter." Kelly has a fascinating past and is linked with numerous notable personalities, such as actors, musicians, and sportspeople.

Kelly, as a girl's name, was at #900 in 1950. It peaked at #10 around 1977. Kelly is still popular as a girl's name, although it has declined. This name was ranked #849 on the US Popular Names in 2021.

## People 
* Kelly Ayotte, American politician
* Kelly Carlson, American actress
* Kelly Clarkson, American singer, songwriter, author, and television personality
* Kelly Kelly, American professional wrestler, model, dancer and television personality
* Kelly Rowland, American singer and actress

## References
Joanne Dru

**Joan Letitia LaCock** (later **Joanne Dru**; January 31, 1922 – September 10, 1996) was an American television, stage and movie actress. She played Anne Stanton in ''All the King's Men* in 1949. She also played Patricia Nash Dean in *The Pride of St. Louis'' in 1952. Her brother was television host Peter Marshall.

Dru was born in Logan, West Virginia. She died in Los Angeles, California resulting from respiratory failure and lymphedema. She was 74.

## References
The Waste Land

"**The Waste Land**" is a poem by T.S. Eliot. It was first published in 1922. After it had been printed in London in *The Criterion*, it was reprinted in New York in *The Dial*. Then it was published in the form of a book. The poem is dedicated to Ezra Pound, whom T.S. Eliot regarded as his friend and teacher of poetry. Ezra Pound was the first reader of the poem. He helped Eliot to make it shorter and better.

The poem is divided into five parts. They are: *The Burial of the Dead*, *A Game of Chess*, *The Fire Sermon*, *Death by Water* and *What the Thunder Said*. It is composed of 433 lines. The work is written in free verse and blank verse.

The poem is full of quotations from classic works of world literature. Eliot makes allusions to Geoffrey Chaucer, William Shakespeare, Oliver Goldsmith, Ovid, Charles Baudelaire, Gerard de Nerval and Thomas Kyd. He uses different sources of inspiration, including both Christianity and Buddhism. The story is based on the Christian legend of the search for the Holy Grail. The poem ends with the Sanskrit words Datta. Dayadhvam. Damyata. / Shantih shantih shantih.
 
"The Waste Land" is commonly considered to be one of the most important literary works of the 20th century. It has been translated into many languages. Czesław Miłosz, a Nobel Prize winner, translated it into Polish.

## References 
## Bibliography 
* The Waste Land by T.S. Eliot, Horace Liveright, New York 1930.

## Other websites 
* T.S. Eliot, The Waste Land. Full text of the poem at Poetry Foundation.
* T.S. Eliot, The Waste Land at Gutenbrg Project.
* Richard Ellman, On The Composition of The Waste Land.
Monster High

***Monster High***  is an American fashion doll franchise. It was created by Mattel. They launched the brand in July 2010.

The dolls are based on horror movie characters. The initial characters were created by Garrett Sander and his twin brother Darren. Besides the dolls, *Monster High* includes books, video games, and television specials. *Ever After High* is a spin-off of *Monster High*. The Ever After dolls are based on fairy tale characters. Development started in 2007 when Garrett Sander realised that girls were into goth fashion.

## Characters
*Frankie Stein - In Generation 1, she lives with her mother Viveka, her father Viktor, and her uncle Egor. In Generation 2, she lives with her parents Frankenstein's monster and the Bride and her sister Alivia. In Generation 3, they live with their mother Mary and father Victor.

## References
Azərpoçt

**Azərpoçt** is the official national postal operator of Azerbaijan. It provides postal, payment and retail services. Azərpoçt currently operates through 1,500 post offices across Azerbaijan, from urban to the most remote rural regions.

## Related pages 
* Postal codes in Azerbaijan
* Telephone numbers in Azerbaijan
* ISO 3166-2:AZ

## Other websites
*
2012 Stanley Cup Finals

The **2012 Stanley Cup Finals** was the championship series of the National Hockey League (NHL) .

The Western Conference champion Los Angeles Kings defeated the Eastern Conference champion New Jersey Devils four games to two.

## Rosters
Years in **boldface** under the "Finals appearance" column mean that the player won the Stanley Cup in the given year.

### Los Angeles Kings
### New Jersey Devils
## References
Mevlut Mert Altintas

**Mevlut Mert Altintas** (June 24, 1994 - December 19, 2016) was a Turkish police officer, he worked in the Turkish Security Agency, Ministry of riot police for two and a half years. He shot and killed Russian Ambassador Andrei Karlov in Turkey December 19, 2016 in the Turkish city of Ankara.

## References
Arrondissements of the Moselle department

There are 5 **arrondissements in the Moselle department**. The French departments, and in other countries, are divided into *arrondissements*, which may be translated into English as **districts** (in some cases, as **boroughs**). The capital of an arrondissement is called a subprefecture.

If the prefecture (capital) of the department is in an arrondissement, that prefecture is the capital of the arrondissement, acting both as a prefecture and as a subprefecture.

Arrondissements are further divided into communes.

The arrondissements of Moselle are:

## History
Moselle is one of the original 83 departments created during the French Revolution on 4 March 1790. It was divided in nine districts: Metz, Bitche, Boulay, Briey, Longwy, Morhange, Sarreguemines, Sarrelouis and Thionville, with Metz as is capital.

In 1800, with the creation of the *arrondissements* in France, the nine districts were changed into four *arrondissements*: Metz, Briey, Sarreguemines and Thionville.

## Related pages
*List of arrondissements of France

## References
Chad Robinson

**Chad Robinson** (20 October 1980 &ndash;  26 November 2016) was an Australian professional rugby league footballer. He played from 2000 until 2009 as a lock and second-row forward. He played for the Parramatta Eels, the Sydney Roosters and the Harlequins RL. He was born in Sydney, New South Wales.

Robin was reported missing on 26 November 2016. He was found dead on 22 December 2016 in Kenthurst, New South Wales. He was 36.

## References
## Other websites
* Chad Robinson at the Rugby League Project
Significant figures

**Significant figure (digit or numbers)** are a type of specific numbers or digit that shows *reasonable* certainty in the involved measurement. 
*Symbol: **s.f.**

Like if we take an example,
8390
There are 4 s.f. in the measurement.
National Polytechnic Institute of Toulouse

**Institut national polytechnique de Toulouse** is a renowned graduate engineering school in France. It is in a campus of the Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées (Southern France).

Its different curricula lead to the following French & European degrees :
* *Ingénieur INP Toulouse* (INP Toulouse Graduate engineer Masters level program)
* Master of Science & PhD doctorate studies
* *Mastères Spécialisés* (MS)
* Massive Online Open Course.

## Programs 
Academic activities and industrial applied research are performed mainly in French and English languages. Students from a dozen of nationalities participate to the different curricula at INP Toulouse.

Most of the 6300 graduate engineer students at INP Toulouse live in dedicated residential buildings nearby research labs and metro public transports on a campus that is shared with 105,000 students from Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées.

## Research labs 
Concerning research activities, INP Toulouse brings together 17 laboratories, nearly 1,000 researchers (teachers-researchers, researchers from major organizations, PhD), grouped together in laboratories associated with CNRS, INRA and other Toulouse universities.

## References 
## Further reading 
* Official website
2016 United States presidential election in New Jersey

The **2016 United States presidential election in New Jersey** was held on 8 November 2016. It was part of the 2016 United States presidential election, in which all other states plus the District of Columbia voted.

On 7 June 2016, the state also voted for who they wanted to be the nominee of their respective parties.

## Presidential 
### Polling 
Below is a table with the polling results in New Jersey. New Jersey has voted Democrat in every general election since 1992.

### Results 
## Caucuses 
### Democratic 
The Democratic caucus occurred on 7 June 2016.

### Republican 
The Republican caucus occurred on 7 June 2016.

## Related pages
* Democratic Party presidential primaries, 2016
* Republican Party presidential primaries, 2016

## References
Bamburgh Castle

**Bamburgh Castle** is a castle on the coast at Bamburgh, Northumberland. It is a Grade I listed building. During WW2 the Royal Navy ship HMS *Bamborough Castle* was named after it.

## History 
The castle is built on the remains of a fort of native Britons. The fort was destroyed by the Vikings in 993.

The Normans then built a new castle on the site. That forms the centre of today's castle. The castle became the property of the reigning English Monarch. Many think that Henry II ordered the creation of the keep.

During the Wars of the Roses, it became the first castle in England to be defeated by artillery, after a nine-month siege. The Forester family of Northumberland provided the Crown with governors of the castle for 400 years, before the Crown granted ownership to Sir John Forester. When the family became bankrupt, the castle was sold to a series of owners. Eventually it was bought by the Armstrong family, who still own it today. They opened it to the public.

## Media and myths 
The castle has been used in movies including *Macbeth* (1971) and *Robin of Sherwood* (1984-6). It has also been featured in many books. The late medieval British author Thomas Malory suggested that it was Joyous Gard, the mythical home of Sir Lancelot from tales of King Arthur.

## References
Lady Jane Grey (poem)

"**Lady Jane Grey**" is an English epic poem by Francis Hodgson. It was published in 1809. It tells about the life and death of Lady Jane Grey.

## The hero 
Jane Grey, known as *The Nine Days Queen*, was a great-granddaughter of the king Henry VII, father of Henry VIII. When Henry VIII's son and successor Edward VI died, the crown of England was offered to her. She was however soon put in prison by Queen Mary I of England, called *Bloody Mary*. She was sentenced to death. She had her head cut off in the Tower of London. She was seventeen years old at the time.

## The author 
Francis Hodgson was an English romantic poet. He was born in 1781. He was a friend of Lord Byron. He was known as a translator. He translated into English many works by Roman poets. He died in 1852.

## The form 
The poem is written in iambic pentameter put in heroic couplets. Such form was typical for English poetry in 18th century.

*Through these low grounds of sorrow, toil and strife,*
*As runs the troubled stream of human life,*
*Why should the poor laborious crowd repine?*
*For wealth, for honour, lovely Jane were thine,*
*Yet my sad tale examplifies in thee,*
*How equal are our shares of misery*
*Or in the highest, or the humblest lot,*
''The king's proud palace, or the straw-roof'd cot.*

## Reviews 
The poem was reviewed in *The Satirist: Or, Monthly Meteor* and *The Anti-Jacobin Review and Magazine Or Monthly Political and Literary Censor''.

## References 
## Bibliography 
* Lady Jane Grey, a Tale in Two Books with Miscellanneous Poems in English and Latin by Francis Hodgson, London 1809.
All the King's Men (1949 movie)

'''''All the King's Men''''' is a 1949 political drama movie that is based on a novel of the same name. Both are inspired by the life of the politician Huey Long. 

## Plot
The politician Willie Stark goes from a rural county seat to the governor's mansion. He loses a race for county treasurer. Stark teaches himself law. As a lawyer, Stark continues fighting the local establishment. He eventually rises to become a candidate for governor. He loses the first time, but on his second try, he wins.

Along the way, Stark loses his innocence. He becomes dishonest, as the politicians he fought. His son becomes paralyzed in a drunk driving accident, which kills a female passenger.

## Cast
* Broderick Crawford as Willie Stark
* John Ireland as Jack Burden
* Joanne Dru as Anne Stanton
* John Derek as Tom Stark
* Mercedes McCambridge as Sadie Burke
* Shepperd Strudwick as Adam Stanton
* Ralph Dumke as Tiny Duffy
* Anne Seymour as Mrs. Lucy Stark
* Katharine Warren as Mrs. Burden
* Raymond Greenleaf as Judge Monte Stanton
* Helene Stanley as Helene Hale
* Walter Burke as Sugar Boy
* Will Wright as Dolph Pillsbury
* Grandon Rhodes as Floyd McEvoy

The character actor Paul Ford has an uncredited role as the Leader of the Senate Opposition

## Awards
''All the King's Men'' won three Academy Awards: Best Picture, Best Actor and Best Supporting Actress.
Christmas truce

The **Christmas truce** was the widespread unofficial ceasefires along the Western Front of World War I around Christmas 1914. The truce happened five months after the war began. 

## References
Kellyanne Conway

**Kellyanne Conway** (born January 20, 1967) is an American Republican campaign manager and politician. She has appeared on CNN and Fox News. She has been a guest on shows like *Good Morning America* and *Meet the Press*.

On August 1, 2016, Conway became the campaign manager for Donald Trump.

Since Trump became president, Conway has had many problems. She said that there were "alternative facts" when talking about a "Bowling Green massacre" that never happened. She said that Michael Flynn had the full confidence of the president hours before he was fired. Members of Congress from both parties asked for an investigation of ethics violations after she publicly endorsed the president's daughter, Ivanka Trump's commercial products. In June 2019, the US Office of Special Counsel said that Conway should be fired for breaking the Hatch Act of 1939.

Conway was born in Atco, New Jersey.

In October 2020, Conway tested positive for COVID-19.

In 2001, she married George Conway. During Donald Trump's presidency, George became a prominent critic of Trump, even when his wife worked for him. In March 2023, George and Kellyanne announced that they were divorcing after 22 years of marriage.

In July 2024, Fox News announced that Conway will host a weekly program on the network's streaming platform, Fox Nation, called ''Here's The Deal with Kellyanne Conway''.

## References
Ashwaq Moharram

**Ashwaq Moharram** (Arabic: أشواق محرّم ) is a doctor from Yemen. BBC named her on their list of 100 most inspirational and influential Women for 2016.

## Life 
Ashwaq Moharram was born in Yemen. She received a bachelor’s degree in medicine and general surgery from Sana’a University in 1998.  In 2004, she received a diploma in reproductive health from Liverpool University in Britain.   In 2013, she received a master’s degree from the National University of Malaysia.

After the war started, Ashwaq's husband became sick.  He had a heart infection.  He needed medicine, but there was no medicine in the hospital.  He went to Jordan with their two children.

Before the war, Ashwaq worked with international organizations to fight hunger.  In March 2016, after the war started, the organizations left Yemen. After the international organizations left, she gave food to people at her own expense, using her mobile clinic.

In July 2016, three youths sexually assaulted an 11-year-old girl in the Zahra neighborhood.  Ashwaq examined the child and the police arrested the three youths. In October 2016, Ashwaq was arrested by Houthis while giving people food.  The local people stood in front of them and forced them to free Ashwaq.

## Awards 
* BBC named her one of their 100 Women of 2016.
* She was in a special BBC television program about starvation in Yemen.
* She was honored by the Arab Foundation for the Future and the League of Arab peoples in Egypt.

## Other websites 
* On Facebook
* On Twitter

## References
Mobile operating system

, a mobile OS developed by Google.]]
A **mobile operating system** (or **mobile OS**) is an operating system for smartphones, tablets, personal digital assistants (PDAs), or other mobile devices. While computers such as typical laptops are mobile, the operating systems usually used on them are not considered mobile ones, as they were originally designed for desktop computers that historically did not have or need specific *mobile* features.
Dunstanburgh Castle

**Dunstanburgh Castle** is a castle built in the 14th century. It is on the coast of Northumberland between the villages of Craster and Embleton. It is on a huge rock next to the North Sea. The castle is owned by English Heritage. The name Dunstanburgh means 'the fort' (burgh) 'of the town' (dun) 'by the rock' (stan).

## History 
The castle was first built in 1313 by Thomas, 2nd Earl of Lancaster. However Roman and Iron Age s have been found there. It may have been an Iron Age fort. He was an enemy of King Edward II. Thomas only visited the castle once before he was killed. The castle was not used again until the War of the Roses. The Earl of Warwick attacked it twice and it was almost ed. 

### World War II 
The castle was defended in WW2 because it was a possible  for a German landing. Land mines were laid and a radar station was built near the castle. The beaches were guarded with barbed wire and concrete pillboxes were built nearby. The fort and other facilities were manned by soldiers.

It was not used again and is now in ruins.

## Related pages 
* Castles in Great Britain and Ireland
* List of castles in England

## References 
## Other websites 
* Dunstanburgh Castle; YouTube
* Dunstanburgh Castle; English Heritage
Oberstdorf

**Oberstdorf** is a municipality in southwest Germany. It is in the Allgäu Alps. Many people visit to go walking or skiing. It is one of the highest towns in Germany and is the town furthest south in Germany. It is next to Austria.

There are several mountains with good views, like the Nebelhorn and Fellhorn. There are many cable-cars to reach the top of mountains around Oberstdorf. In the centre of Oberstdorf there is a large church, with a tall spire.

It is also home to several ski jumps, which are used for many competitions. They were also used in the 2016 movie *Eddie the Eagle*.

## References
Doaa el-Adl

**Doaa el-Adl** (; born 6 February 1979 in Damietta) is an Egyptian cartoonist.  She was named one of the 100 most "al and  women" in the 2016 BBC 100 Women initiative.

## Work 
Doaa el-Adl draws cartoons about controversial subjects like child brides and female genital mutilation.

Doaa worked as a cartoonist for the Egyptian newspaper *Al-Dustour*, the magazine *Rose al-Yūsuf*, *Sabah El Kheir* magazine, and the magazines *Qatr El Nada*, *Alaa-El Din*, and *Bassem*. Her cartoons now appear in the newspaper *Al Masry Al Youm* (Egypt Today).

## Awards 
* Award of Journalistic Distinction in Caricature (2009)

## References
Independiente Medellín

**Deportivo Independiente Medellín**, also known as **DIM**, is a Colombian professional football club based in the city of Medellín. The club currently plays in the Categoría Primera A. They play their home games at Estadio Atanasio Girardot. That is part of the Atanasio Girardot Sports Complex.

They has won the Categoría Primera A six times: in 1955, 1957, 2002-II, 2004-I, 2009-II and 2016-I. Their best performance internationally was in 2003, when the team got third place in Copa Libertadores.

## History
The team was created on 14 November 1913 as *Medellín Football Club*. The team played its first match against the amateur team *Sporting of Medellin*, that thrashed them 11–0. After some years, they joined professional football and played the first season of the league. Their first match was a 4–0 loss against América de Cali.
List of attacks on the United States territory

This is a list of attacks against territory held by the United States

## Attacks on mainland United States or organized incorporated United States territories
*American Revolutionary War 1775–1780
*American Indian Wars 1775–1918
*War of 1812 1812–1815
*Thornton Affair April 26, 1846
*Mexican–American War 1846–1848
*Black Tom explosion July 30, 1916
*Battle of Columbus 1916
*Bombardment of Orleans 1918
*Battle of Ambos Nogales 1918
*Bombing of Naco  1929
*Attack on Pearl Harbor December 7, 1941
*American Theater (World War II) 1941–1945
*Assassination of John F. Kennedy November 22, 1963
*Assassination of Robert F. Kennedy June 5, 1968 (presidential candidate).
*Attempted assassination of Ronald Reagan March 30, 1981
*1993 shootings at CIA Headquarters January 25, 1993
*1993 World Trade Center bombing February 26, 1993
*September 11 attacks by Al-Qaeda on New York City, New York; Arlington, Virginia; and Shanksville, Pennsylvania September 11, 2001.
*Attempted assassination of Donald Trump (presidential candidate).

## Attacks on United States unincorporated territories
*Japanese invasion of the Philippines 1941–1945
*Battle of Guam 1941
*Battle of Wake 1941
*Battle of Midway 1942

## Related page
*List of attacks in China
The Grand Tour

***The Grand Tour*** is a British motor television series for Amazon Video. It is presented by Jeremy Clarkson, Richard Hammond and James May. It is produced by Andy Wilman. They agreed to make it after leaving the BBC. They also agreed to make 36 episodes over three years. One episode is  every week. The program can be watched in 200 countries. The first episode was the most  first episode on Amazon ever.

Each episode has several parts made in a studio. This studio is normally a big tent that is moved around the world. The show has it's own test track. There is always a  where Clarkson, Hammond and May discuss car related s which is called "conversation street".

Season 1 started on 18 November 2016 and had 13 episodes. Season 2 was filmed a year later, but due to injuries to Richard Hammond, the release was delayed until 8 December 2017. In season 2 the tent stayed in the Cotswolds for all the episodes.
## Episodes 
### Season 1 
### Season 2 
## References 
## Other websites
*
Arity

In logic, mathematics, and computer science, the **arity** of a function is the number of arguments that the function takes.

For example, a "nullary" function doesn't take any, a "unary" function takes one, a "binary" function takes two, and so on.

## References
Institut catholique d'arts et métiers

'''Institut catholique d'arts et métiers'* is a graduate engineering school in France. It is in a campus of the Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées (Southern France).

Its different curricula lead to the following French & European degrees :
* *Ingénieur ICAM* (ICAM Graduate engineer Masters level program)
* Master of Science & PhD
* *Mastères Spécialisés'' (MS)

Academic activities and industrial applied research are performed mainly in French and English languages. Students from a dozen of nationalities participate to the different curricula at ICAM.

Most of the 4500 graduate engineer students at ICAM live in dedicated residential buildings nearby research labs and metro public transports on a campus that is shared with 100,000 students from Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées.

## References 
## Further reading 
* Official website