open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Elvira Orphée

**Elvira Amanda Orphée** (29 May 1922 – 26 April 2018) was an Argentine writer. She was born in San Miguel de Tucumán. Orphée has published short stories and articles in various publications such as *El Tiempo*, *Revista de Occidente*, *Asomante*, *Cuadernos*, *Razon* and *Zona Franca e Imagen*.

She was awarded a Guggenheim Fellowship in Creative Arts in 1988.

Orphée died on 26 April 2018 in Buenos Aires at the age of 95.

## References
Roy Young (musician)

**Roy Young** (1937 – 27 April 2018) was a English rock and roll singer, pianist and keyboard player.  He first recorded in the late 1950s before performing in Hamburg with The Beatles.  He also played for  Cliff Bennett and the Rebel Rousers. He released several albums with his own band as well as recording with Chuck Berry and David Bowie, among others.

## References
## Other websites
*Roy Young at Discogs.com
Dwayne Bravo

**Dwayne John Bravo** (born 7 October 1983) is a Trinidadian cricketer. He was the former captain of the West Indies national cricket team in all types of cricket matches. He is an all-rounder. He is a right handed batsman. He bowls right arm medium fast pace. He is particularly known for his aggressive (extraordinary in hitting boundaries like six and four) batting in the middle order. He is also known for his bowling in death overs. He plays for Chennai Super Kings in the Indian Premier League.  In the Pakistani Super League he plays for Lahore Qalanders. He also had played for the Melbourne Renegades in the Big Bash League, the Chittagong Kings in the Bangladesh Premier League, and Kent and Essex in English county cricket.On 31 January 2015, Bravo announced his retirement from Test cricket. He continues to play ODIs and T20Is.

## References
Alfie Evans case

The **Alfie Evans case** was a legal case in 2018 involving Alfie Evans (May 9, 2016 – April 28, 2018), a 1-year-old boy from Liverpool with an undiagnosed neurodegenerative disorder.

## Overview
The medical team, Kate James and Thomas Evans disagreed about whether to keep Evans' life support or to remove it, resulting in a legal battle.

## Events
On December 19, 2017, Alder Hey applied to the High Court of Justice to withdraw parental rights from Kate James and Thomas Evans and to withdraw ventilation. The High Court ruled in favour of the hospital on February 20, 2018.

The ventilatory support was removed on April 23, 2018 following a series of unsuccessful appeals from Alfie's family. Alfie continued to breathe naturally after the removal of his breathing tube. He died on 28 April 2018 at the age of 1.

## References
James Hylton

**James Harvey Hylton** (August 26, 1934 – April 28, 2018) was an American stock car racing driver. He was born in Roanoke, Virginia. He was a two-time winner in NASCAR Winston Cup Series (now Monster Energy Cup Series) competition. He was a long-time competitor in the ARCA Racing Series. Hylton finished second in points in NASCAR's top series three times.

Hylton was killed in a car crash near Carnesville, Georgia on April 28, 2018 at the age of 83.

## References
## Other websites
* 
*James Hylton on Decades of Racing
Natasha Chandel

**Natasha Chandel** is a Canadian actress and TV producer based in Los Angeles. Natasha is known for starring and directing the web series *Mumbai Chopra: Misadventures of an It Girl*. She was named *leading Protégé for creativity* by Lancôme Mille Femmes.

## Career
Natasha was born in Sharjah, UAE. Natasha has worked as a producer for top networks such Maker Studios- Disney Digital Network, CBC, Rogers Television and MTV News. In 2016, she created and began hosting the dating podcast *KINDA DATING*, which has featured Sunny Leone, Laura Clery and Dr. Wendy Walsh. Natasha has also appeared as a leading actress in several TV series including *Mumbai Chopra: Misadventures of an It Girl*, *The Can*, *The Mindy Project* and *M.V.P*.

In 2014, she created, wrote and directed a branded web series The Can, which consisted of three episodes.

## Filmography
## References
## Other websites 
*
*
James H. Cone

**James Hal Cone** (August 5, 1936 – April 28, 2018) was an American theologian. He was best known for his work of Black theology and Black Liberation Theology. His 1969 book *Black Theology and Black Power* became popular as it talked about theology in the black church. He was the Charles Augustus Briggs Distinguished Professor of Systematic Theology at Union Theological Seminary in the City of New York until his death.

Cone died on April 28, 2018 in New York City at the age of 81.

## References
## Other websites
* Orbis Books   James H. Cone's works available at Orbis Books
* Biography at Union Theological Seminary
* James Cone *This Far By Faith* at PBS
* James Cone, Bill Moyers' Journal at PBS, November 23, 2007
* "A Black Theology of Liberation", Terry Matthews, Religion 166: Religion in the United States, Wake Forest University
* "Black Theology as Public Discourse", Noel Leo Erskine, Religion in Public Life, September 30, 1998
* James Hal Cone Resources  from *UrbanMinistry.org*
* *Speaking the Truth*
*
Art Paul

**Arthur Paul** (January 18, 1925&nbsp;– April 28, 2018) was an American graphic designer. Paul was born in South Side, Chicago, Illinois. He was raised in Rogers Park. He was the founding art director of Playboy magazine for 30 years. During his time at Playboy, he created illustrators and artists to illustrate (Andy Warhol, Salvador Dalí, and James Rosenquist among them).

Paul died from complications of pneumonia on April 28, 2018 at a hospital in Lake View, Chicago at the age of 93.

## References
Karl Toft

**Karl Richard Toft** (June 30, 1936 – April 28, 2018) was a convicted Canadian sex offender and pedophile. He was born in Fredericton, New Brunswick. He committed an estimated 200 sexual assaults while working as a guard at the Kingsclear Youth Training Centre in Kingsclear, New Brunswick. 

Toft was thought as one of Canada’s worst sex offenders. In 1994, Toft appealed the sentence but lost. He served 11 years of his sentence and was freed. He was represented by Daniel Watters, who maintained that two-thirds of the allegations were untrue.

## References
Deerfield, Illinois

**Deerfield** is a village in Lake County, Illinois, United States, approximately 25 miles north of Chicago with a small portion extending into Cook County, Illinois. The population was 19,196 at the 2020 census.

Deerfield is home to the headquarters of Walgreens, Baxter Healthcare, Business Technology Partners, Caterpillar Inc., APAC Customer Services, Fortune Brands Home & Security, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company's US HQ, Consumers Digest, and Mondelēz International.

## References
April 2018 inter-Korean summit

and Moon Jae-in shaking hands]]
The **2018 inter-Korean summit** (South Korea: , North Korea: ) took place on April 27, 2018, on the South Korean side of the Joint Security Area, between Moon Jae-in, President of South Korea, and Kim Jong-un, Supreme Leader of North Korea. 

It was the third inter-Korean summit – and the first in eleven years. It was also the first time since the end of the Korean War in 1953 that a North Korean leader entered the South's territory; President Moon also briefly crossed into the North's territory. 

The summit was focused on the North Korean nuclear weapons program and denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula. The Panmunjom Declaration was made following the summit.

## References
Richard Belzer

**Richard Jay Belzer** (August 4, 1944 – February 19 2023) was an American stand-up comedian and actor. He was also a conspiracy author. He is best known for his role as John Munch, on the NBC police drama series *Homicide: Life on the Street* and *Law & Order: Special Victims Unit*.

Belzer believed there was a conspiracy to assassinate President John F. Kennedy. He wrote four books discussing conspiracy theories.

Belzer was a cousin of actor Henry Winkler.

Belzer died at his home in Beaulieu-sur-Mer, France on February 19, 2023, at age 78.

## References
## Other websites
* 
* 
* 
* NBC Biography
* NNDB Profile
Paul Junger Witt

**Paul Junger Witt** (March 20, 1941 – April 27, 2018) was an American movie and television producer. He produced such hit TV shows as *Here Come the Brides*, *The Partridge Family*, *The Golden Girls*, *Soap*, *Benson*, *Empty Nest* and *Blossom*. In movies, he was best known for producing *Dead Poets Society*.

From 1983 until his death in 2018, Witt was married to screenwriter Susan Harris.

Witt died of lymphoma in Los Angeles, California on April 27, 2018 at the age of 77.

## References
## Other websites
*
Adam Silver

**Adam Silver** (born April 25, 1962) is an American lawyer and businessman. He is the current commissioner of the National Basketball Association (NBA). He has held this position since February 1, 2014  when he took over duties for the retiring David Stern. He started with the Association in 1992 as senior VP and COO of NBA Entertainment.

Silver has been married to his wife, Maggie, since 2015. They have two daughters.

## References
## Other websites
* NBA.com Profile
John Ziegler Jr.

**John Augustus Ziegler Jr.** (February 9, 1934 &ndash; October 25, 2018) was an American lawyer and ice hockey executive. He was the fourth president of the National Hockey League from 1977 to 1992. Ziegler received the Lester Patrick Trophy in 1984 and was inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame in 1987. He was the leading figure in making hockey players wear helmets during hockey games.

Ziegler Jr. died in Sewall's Point, Florida on October 25, 2018 at the age of 84.

## References
## Other websites
* Sports Encyclopedia: Commissioners of the National Hockey League
* John Ziegler Interview Part One: The Man Behind The Former NHL President 
* HOCKEY; Committee to Consider Ziegler's Status
* Ziegler's NHL dream got burned in Sunbelt
Rob Manfred

**Robert D. Manfred Jr.** (born September 28, 1958) is an American lawyer and business executive. He is the tenth and current Commissioner of Baseball. He served as the Chief Operating Officer of Major League Baseball (MLB) and succeeded the retiring Bud Selig as Commissioner on January 25, 2015.

## References
## Other websites
*
Paul Tagliabue

**Paul John Tagliabue** (; November 24, 1940 &ndash; November 9, 2025) was the Commissioner of the National Football League. He became commissioner in 1989 and retired in 2006. He was replaced by Roger Goodell, who was elected to the position on August 8, 2006. Tagliabue had previously served as a lawyer for the NFL.

Tagliabue served as Chairman of Board of Directors of Georgetown University from 2008 to 2015.

On November 9, 2025, Tagliabue died at his home in Chevy Chase, Maryland of heart failure caused by Parkinson's disease at the age of 84.

## References
Fred Hoiberg

**Fredrick Kristian Hoiberg** (born October 15, 1972) is an American professional basketball coach and former player. He serves as the head coach for the Chicago Bulls of the National Basketball Association (NBA) since 2015. In his playing career, he played for the Bulls, the Indiana Pacers and the Minnesota Timberwolves. He was born in Lincoln, Nebraska.

## References
## Other websites
* NBA.com bio
* Iowa State Cyclones bio
David Stern

**David Joel Stern** (September 22, 1942 &ndash; January 1, 2020) was an American lawyer and businessman. He was the commissioner of the National Basketball Association (NBA) from 1984 through 2014. He started with the Association in 1966 as an outside counsel, joined the NBA in 1978 as General Counsel, and became the league's Executive Vice President in 1980.

Stern became Commissioner in 1984, replacing Larry O'Brien. He is known for increasing the popularity of the NBA in the 1990s and 2000s.

On December 12, 2019, Stern was hospitalized in New York City after having a cerebral hemorrhage. He died on January 1, 2020 at the age of 77.

## References
Rick Renteria

**Richard Avina Renteria** (born December 25, 1961) is an American former Major League Baseball infielder. He is the manager of the Chicago White Sox of Major League Baseball (MLB). He was born in Harbor City, California. 

Renteria played in parts of five seasons between 1986 and 1994 with the Pittsburgh Pirates, Seattle Mariners, and Florida Marlins.  He then coached and managed in the Marlins organization until 2001, and in the San Diego Padres organization until 2013. 

Renteria was the manager of the Chicago Cubs in 2014. Renteria was also the bench coach for the Chicago White Sox in 2016.

## Other websites
, or Retrosheet
Matt Nagy

**Matt Nagy** (born April 24, 1978) is an American football coach and former quarterback. He is the head coach of the Chicago Bears of the National Football League (NFL) since 2018. He was born in Dunellen, New Jersey. He played for the New York Dragons, Carolina Cobras, Georgia Force, Columbus Destroyers and the Philadelphia Eagles.

## References
## Other websites
*Chicago Bears bio
*Arena Football bio
Dave O'Neal

**David C. O’Neal** (January 24, 1937 &ndash; July 10, 2021) was an American politician and businessman. He was born in Belleville, Illinois.

O'Neal was the 41st Lieutenant Governor of Illinois, serving from 1977 to 1981 alongside Governor of Illinois James R. Thompson. For six years he served as Saint Clair County Sheriff. He was the first Republican to hold that office in twenty years.

In 1980, O’Neal sought the Republican nomination for the United States Senate winning the nomination to go on to the general election. His Democratic opponent was Illinois Secretary of State Alan J. Dixon. He lost the election to Dixon. O’Neal resigned as Lieutenant Governor in 1981.

O'Neal died on July 10, 2021 in Las Vegas, Nevada at the age of 84.

## References
Kim Song-i

**Kim Song-i** (born 10 August 1994 in Pyongyang) is a table tennis player from North Korea. She won with the team at the World Championships 2016 as well as the Olympics 2016 in the singles the bronzemedal. She is a defender, with long pips at the backhand.

## Career 
At the age of 16 she was see on the international events, at the Youth Olympics she reached the Quarterfinals and with the team the 4th place and climbs in the world ranking to place 121. At the China Open 2013 Kim took part in the U21-class, there she came to the semifinals. This was er first medal on the World Tour. At the Asian Games 2014 Kim took bronze with the Korean Team. 2015 she took part in the Asian Championships, the China- and the Pyongyang Open, where she beat amongst other things the top player Mima Ito. 2016 Kim became the third place with the team at the Team-Worldchampionships 2016 in Malaysia and was nominated for the Olympics, there she as recently as lost in the semifinals against Ding Ning. In this month she came on place 26 in the world rankings. At the Pyongyang Open in the same year, she came to the final, where she beat the defensiv- player Ri Myong-sun, too. In the doubles she took gold, too. At the World Championships 2017, she reached the Round of 16, where she lost to Liu Shiwen. 2018 she took bronze with the team at the World Team Cup. In the semifinals they lost to China.

## Results from the ITTF-databank 
## References 
__FORCETOC__
Shihabuddin Omar

**Shibab-ud-din Omar Khan Khalji** (1310?–1316) was the third Sultan of the Khilji dynasty. He is the 13th sultan of the Delhi Sultanate.He was made the sultan at his younger age as a child. He became sultan with the help of Malik Kafur after the death of Alauddin Khilji. After the assassination of Kafur, his brother Qutb-ud-din Mubarak became Sultan.

## As sultan 
### Under Malik Kafur 
Alauddin Khilji was the second ruler of the Khilji dynasty. He died on 3 January 1316.Malik Kafur, the commander-in-chief of the army, placed the young Shihabudin Omer as the sultan. He made himself as the guardian (regent). Kafur executed all the other princes, who can be made as the sultan. Prince Mubarak Shah somehow cleverly escaped. In 35 days of Alaudin's death, Malik Kafur was killed by his (Alaudin Khilji's) bodyguards. In April 1316 Prince Mubarrak became the Sultan, leaving Shihabuddin Omer Khan.

## References
Tughlaqabad Fort

**Tughlaqabad Fort** is a ruined (collapsed or broken) fort in Delhi. It was built by Ghiyasuddin-Tughlaq in 1351. He was the founder of the Tughlaq dynasty of Delhi Sultanate in India. Ghiyasuddin built the third historic city of Delhi, Tughlaqabad. This fort was built in Tughlaqabad. This city was later abandoned (left) in 1397 by the Tughlaqs.

## History
In 1351, Ghazi Malik drove away the Khilji ruler Khusrau Khan and became the ruler. He assumed (got) the title of Ghias-ud-din Tughlaq. He started the Tughlaq dynasty.He immediately started the construction of his Tughlaqabad city. 
### The Curse of Nizamuddin Auliya 
Ghiyasuddin was a liberal (free and soft) ruler. However, he was eager (passionate) about his city, Tughlaqabad. He wanted all his labourers in Delhi to work on his fort. 

Saint Nizamuddin Auliya, a Sufi saint got angry with the king's decision. This was because his well was under construction. The fight between the saint and the king became huge. The saint gave a curse for the fort. It was translated as "it won't be inhabited (occupied), if occupied, it will be by a nomad tribe known as gujjars (cattle shepherding group)". After the fall of the Delhi sultanate, Gujjars of the area captured the Fort.

## Death of Ghiyasuddin
Another curse of the saint was ‘Hunuz Dilli dur ast’ (Delhi is still far away). Emperor Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq succeeded in his Bengal attack. On his way to Delhi, he was crushed to death by the collapse of a tent. The tent was prepared by his son Muhammad bin Tughlaq.

## Gallery 

File:Ruined fort of Tughlaqabad.jpg|A view of ruined fort of Tughlaqabad during sunset
File:Tughlaqabad massive fort wall.jpg|Tughlaqabad massive fort wall
File:South gate entry to Tughlaqbad fort.jpg|South gate entry to Tughlaqbad fort
File:Entrance of the Mausoleum of Ghiyath al-Din Tughluq.jpg|Entrance of the Mausoleum of Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq 
File:Tughlaq Tomb.jpg|Tomb of Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq and his son Muhammad Bin Tughlaq
File:Well inside Tughlaqabad.jpg|A Well inside Tughlaqabad Fort

## Reference
Pedestrian crossing

]]
' controlling pedestrian movement: East Cowes town centre, Isle of Wight]]

An **pedestrian crossing** (or **crosswalk**) is a painted road surface where pedestrians may cross a road. They are part of a safety system which allows people to cross roads when it is safe to do so. In town and cities, traffic and pedestrians are both users of roads. There must be rules which keep pedestrians safe, but allow traffic to flow as smoothly as possible.

Pedestrian crossings may be controlled with  traffic lights, or other devices. Laws relating to pedestrian crossings vary according to the country. Sound signal are included in some countries.

Marked pedestrian crossings are often found at intersections. but may be at other points on busy roads.  They are also installed where large numbers of pedestrians are attempting to cross (such as in shopping areas) or where vulnerable road users (such as school children) regularly cross. Rules govern usage of the pedestrian crossings to ensure safety. For example, in some areas, the pedestrian must be more than halfway across the crosswalk before the driver may proceed.
Myocyte

2. Neuromuscular junction 3. Muscle fiber (Myocyte) 4. Myofibril]]

A **myocyte** (also known as a **muscle cell**) is the type of cell found in muscle tissue.

Myocytes are long, tubular cells. They develop from **myoblasts** to form muscles in a process called myogenesis.

There are various specialized forms of myocytes: cardiac, skeletal, and smooth muscle cells. They have different structures. The striated or striped cells of cardiac and skeletal muscles are called **muscle fibers**. Skeletal muscle fibers help support and move the body. They usually have peripheral nuclei.

Smooth muscle cells control involuntary movements such as the peristalsis contractions in the oesophagus and stomach.

## References
Ri Myong-sun

**Ri Myong-sun** (Korean 꺄 ㅡ캐ㅜㅎ/녀ㅜ; born 26 January 1992 in Pyongyang) is a table tennis player from North Korea. She used as racket the Joo Se-hyuk racket and on the forehand the Tenergy 05, on the backhand she used long pips as the Butterfly Feint Soft.

## Career 
First in the adult area she played in 2011, where Ri took part in the Asian Championships and reached the round of 16. One year later Ri took part in the Olympics for the first time, where she reached the Quarterfinals with the team. In the singles she played first in the second round, because to this time she was number 20 in the world- she lost in her first match. 2013 she reached at her first World Championships the Quarterfinals, her best result to today (2017). 2014 she played the World Championships with the team too, but the North Korean team doesn't won a medal. At the Asian Games she won bronze with the team, while in the singles she reached the round of 16. At the Asian Cup, where Ri played, she missed the 3rd place, so she became fourth place.

2015 she played various events at the World Tour. At the World Team Cup she reached silver with the team, at the World Championships she lost early in the singles and doubles. At the Asian Championships she doesn't won a medal, too, but became doubles champion at the Pyongyang Open- in the singles she won bronze. 2016 she took part in the Olympics for the second time, but Ri won in both categorys, where she played (Singles and Team) no medal. With the team, she lost as 2012 in the Quarterfinals. However she for the first time in her career the silvermedal in the Pyongyang Open.

After that, she doesn't played very often in events.

## Results from the ITTF-database 
## References 
__FORCETOC__
Cleveland-Lloyd Dinosaur Quarry

The **Cleveland-Lloyd Dinosaur Quarry** is well known for having the densest concentration of Jurassic dinosaur fossils ever found. It is a paleontological site near Cleveland, Utah. The quarry is in a part of the geological layers known as the Morrison Formation.

Well over 15,000 bones have been excavated from this Jurassic excavation site. There are many thousands more awaiting excavation and study.  It was designated a National Natural Landmark in October 1965.

All of these bones, belonging to different species, are found disarticulated and mixed together. Perhaps this strong concentration of mixed fossilised bones is due to a "predator trap". No scientific consensus has been reached yet and debates continue to the present day.

## References
Art Shay

**Art Shay** (March 31, 1922 – April 28, 2018) was an American photographer and writer. He was born in The Bronx, New York, but spent most of his life in Chicago. Shay's 2000 autobiography is titled *Album for an Age: Unconventional Words and Pictures from the 20th Century.* In 2002, the American Theater Company in Chicago staged Shay's autobiographical play, *Where Have You Gone, Jimmy Stewart?*, directed by Mike Nussbaum.  

Shay died in April 2018 at the age of 96 in Deerfield, Illinois from heart failure.

## References
## Other websites
*Page on Art Shay at *About.com*
*https://web.archive.org/web/20070927022040/http://indianhillmediaworks.typepad.com/artshay/ Collection of links and reviews of Art Shay's work
* Stephen Daiter Gallery, artist listing https://web.archive.org/web/20061117221806/http://www.stephendaitergallery.com/dynamic/artist.asp?ArtistID=7 work of Art Shay
* Report: Photographer Art Shay hired to document Corgan, Pumpkins https://web.archive.org/web/20100402124556/http://blog.hipstersunited.com/2010/03/21/report-photographer-art-shay-hired-to-document-corgan-pumpkins/
* Photojournalist: Art Shay - WTTW - Aired February 10, 2010 http://chicagotonight.wttw.com/2010/02/10/photojournalist-art-shay
Sadegh Hedayat

**Sadegh Hedayat** (February 17, 1903, in Tehran – April 9, 1951, in Paris) was an Iranian writer and translator. He was a pioneer in modern Iranian story-writing. The story of *The Blind Owl* is the most famous book of him.

## Other websites
*Sadeq Hedayat's Life by Iraj Bashiri.
*Sadeq Hedayat's Corner, further articles and English translations by Iraj Bashiri.
*Persian Language & Literature — Sadeq Hedayat.
Gil Stein (ice hockey)

**Gilbert Stein** (January 11, 1928 – March 24, 2022) was an American lawyer, law instructor and former professional ice hockey executive. Stein served with the National Hockey League (NHL) as vice-president and legal counsel for nearly 15 years before becoming the fifth and last president of the NHL in 1992. Stein served in that role for a year until shortly after the owners appointed Gary Bettman to the newly created post of commissioner. 

Stein was initially inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame in 1993, but withdrew after allegations that he had improperly manipulated his own nomination. 

Stein died from heart disease on March 24, 2022 at a retirement center in Wynnewood, Pennsylvania at the age of 94.

## References
## Other websites
* 
* A Hall of Shame Candidate 
* Is NHL ready for Stein
* Gil Stein (NHL President 1992-1993)
Sayyid dynasty

Sayyid dynasty was the fourth dynasty of the Delhi Sultanate. This dynasty is the shortest ruling dynasty of the Delhi Sultanate. Throughout this dynasty, four rulers ruled North India. Their rule lasted from 1414 to 1451. Founded by a former governor of Multan. This dynasty succeeded the Tughlaq dynasty. They were displaced or succeeded by the Lodi dynasty.

## History
Following the year: 1398 Delhi invasion of Amir Timur, he appointed the Sayyids as the governors of Delhi. This dynasty was established by Sayyid Khizr Khan. He was appointed by Timur to be the governor of Multan (Punjab). Khizr Khan captured Delhi from Daulat Khan Lodi on May 28, 1414. By this way he established (formed) the Sayyid dynasty. Khizr Khan was succeeded by his son Sayyid Mubarak Shah. He succeeded after his father's death on May 20, 1421. Mubarak Shah referred to himself as *Muizz-ud-Din Mubarak Shah* on his coins. After the death of Mubarak Shah, his nephew, Muhammad Shah ascended (came to throne) the throne. His son Sayyid Ala-ud-Din Shah succeeded him as the king.Alam Shah was a weak ruler. In 1451 he surrendered Delhi to Bahlul Lodi. He went to Budaun where he spent rest of his life.

## References
## Other websites
*Encyclopædia Britannica - Sayyid Dynasty
*Coin Gallery - Sayyid Dynasty
Miele

**Miele** is a German manufacturer of domestic appliances, commercial equipment and fitted kitchens. Its headquarter is in Gütersloh, Germany. The company was founded in 1899 by Carl Miele and Reinhard Zinkann, and has always been a family owned and run company.

Miele is notable. It exports to 47 countries, and especially to the USA, where its corporate headquarters is in Princeton N.J. The company has won awards. Miele was recognized as Best Company and also achieved a top-five place in the category Best Product Brand. Miele was honoured as Best Domestic Appliance Brand in the UK by Which? in 2007 and again in 2008, being only one of two brands to win twice in a row. They won again in 2010.

It competes against brands such as Küppersbusch, Gaggenau, Fagor, Viking Range, Dacor, Asko, Jenn-Air, and Thermador.

Miele's slogan in German is *immer besser* which literally translates to "always/continuously better".

## References 
## Other websites 
* Miele official website (in German)
Michael Martin, Baron Martin of Springburn

**Michael John Martin, Baron Martin of Springburn**,  (3 July 1945 – 29 April 2018) was a British politician. He was the Member of Parliament (MP) for Glasgow Springburn from 1979 to 2005, and then for Glasgow North East until 2009. He sat as a Labour MP until his election as Speaker of the House of Commons in 2000, and was Speaker for nine years until his resignation in 2009. He also stood down from the House of Commons on the following day.

Martin died in the morning of the 29 April 2018 of a short-illness at the age of 72.

## References
## Other websites
* Guardian Unlimited Politics – Ask Aristotle: Michael Martin MP 
* TheyWorkForYou.com – Michael Martin MP
* Biography and profile in the *Sunday Times* 27 July 2008 
* Conservative MPs accuse Speaker of bias and threaten to walk out 
* Profile, broadcast on BBC Radio 4 on 24 February 2008
Lester James Peries

Sri Lankabhimanya **Lester James Peries** (Sinhala: ශ්‍රී ලංකාභිමාන්‍ය **ලෙස්ටර් ජේම්ස් පීරිස්**) (5 April 1919 – 29 April 2018) was a Sri Lankan movie director, screenwriter, and movie producer. He was known for his works *Rekava*, *Gamperaliya*, *Nidhanaya*, *Golu Hadawatha*, *Kaliyugaya*, *Awaragira* and *Yuganthaya*. 

His movie *Wekande Walauwa* was Sri Lanka's first ever submission for the Academy Awards.

## References
## Other websites
*Sri Lanka Sinhala Cinema Database – Dr. Lester James Peries
*
*Official Website of Lester James Peries in association with Ministry of Cultural Affairs, Sri Lanka
*ආචාර්ය ලෙස්ටර් ජේම්ස් පීරිස් ලොව ජ්‍යෙෂ්ඨතම සිනමාකරුවා වෙයි 
*ඔබට සුබ උපන් දිනයක් වේවා 
*ආචාර්ය ලෙස්ටර් ජේම්ස් පීරිස් ගැන සිනමා කිවිඳිය සුමිත්‍රා පීරිස්ගේ ආදරණීය හෙළිදරව්ව
Faure Gnassingbé

**Faure Essozimna Gnassingbé Eyadéma** (; born 6 June 1966) is a Togolese politician. He has been the President of Togo since 2005. Before his election, he was appointed by his father, President Gnassingbé Eyadéma, as a Minister from 2003 to 2005.

In the April 2015 presidential election, Gnassingbé won a third term, defeating his main challenger, Jean-Pierre Fabre, by a margin of about 59% to 35%, according to official results. Many Togolese are tired of the Gnassingbés ruling Togo and have been protesting against his government. They say that France, which used to run Togo as part of its empire, put the family in power.

In October 2021, Faure Gnassingbé received the “HeForShe” distinction from UN Women on Friday for his policy of promoting women, and gender equity and equality, announced the government portal République Togolaise. HeForShe (Lui pour Elle) is a global solidarity movement led by UN Women for greater equality and gender equity. Friday received the 'HeForShe' distinction from UN Women, for its policy of promoting woman, and gender equity and equality, announces the government portal Togolese Republic. HeForShe (Him for Her) is a global solidarity movement led by UN Women for greater equality and gender equity.

On May 3, 2025, Faure Gnassingbé was sworn in as President of the Council.

## References
## Other websites
* Official website
* Violent rioting, deaths follow disputed election in Togo, Wikinews
* Togo Elections on Tv
Taro Kono

is a Japanese politician. He is a member of the Liberal Democratic Party. He is a member of the House of Representatives. He was Minister for Foreign Affairs in the Prime Minister Shinzo Abe cabinet from 3 August 2017 until 11 September 2019.

On 3 September 2021, Kono announced his candidacy for the Liberal Democratic Party leadership in the 2021 election. He lost the election to former Foreign Affairs Minister Fumio Kishida on 29 September.
 Mahathir Mohamad in July 2018]]
In August 2024, Kono announced his second candidacy for the Liberal Democratic leadership election to replace Prime Minister Fumio Kishida. He lost the election to former Defense Minister Shigeru Ishiba on 27 September 2024.

## References
Heiko Maas

**Heiko Josef Maas** (born 19 September 1966) is a German politician. He was the Minister of Foreign Affairs in the cabinet of Angela Merkel, and took office on 14 March 2018. 

He served as Federal Minister of Justice and Consumer Protection from 17 December 2013 to 14 March 2018. He is a member of the Social Democratic Party.

## References
## Other websites
* 
* 
* Heiko Maas  at wahl.de
Ingemar Hedberg

**Ingemar Harald Robert Hedberg** (8 March 1920 &ndash; 19 May 2019) was a Swedish sprint canoeist. He competed in the early 1950s. He won the silver medal in the 1952 Summer Olympics in Helsinki. Hedberg also won three gold medals at the 1950 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships in Copenhagen.

## References
## Other websites
*
*
Mozambican Civil War

The **Mozambican Civil War** was a civil war fought in Mozambique from 1977 to 1992. Like many regional African wars during the late twentieth century, the Mozambican Civil War was affected by the Cold War politics. The war was fought between Mozambique's ruling Front for the Liberation of Mozambique (FRELIMO) and insurgent forces of the Mozambican National Resistance (RENAMO). 

he Mozambican Civil War destroyed much of Mozambique's rural infrastructure, including hospitals, rail lines, roads, and schools. FRELIMO's security forces and RENAMO insurgents were accused of committing numerous human rights abuses, including using child soldiers and salting a significant percentage of the countryside indiscriminately with land mines.

## References
La rosa de Guadalupe

***La Rosa de Guadalupe*** (English language: '''''Guadalupe's Rose*** or ***The Rose of Guadalupe''''')  is a Mexican anthology supernatural drama television series. It was created by Carlos Mercado Orduña and produced by Miguel Ángel Herros for Televisa. This series connects to the Catholic religion, specifically to the Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe. It premiered on February 5, 2008. As of 2017, the actress Helena Rojo is the presenter of each episode.

Starting in May 2017, "La rosa de Guadalupe" began broadcasting episodes with more crude stories. These stories touch more explicit topics such as rape, incest, sexual harassment, murder, drug addiction, etc.

On July 22, 2017, the 1000th episode "The bastard sister" was aired.

## References
## Other websites
*
Sumitra Peries

"Kala Keerthi" **Sumitra Peries** (24 March 1934 – 19 January 2023) is a Sri Lankan movie director and diplomat. She is known as the "Poetess of Sinhala Cinema". She also held the post of Sri Lanka's ambassador to France, Spain and the United Nations in the late 1990s. Her best known works are *Gehenu Lamai*, *Ganga Addara* and *Yahaluvo*. She was married to director Dr. Lester James Peries.

## References
## Other websites
*Female genius behind the camera 
*Official Website of Lester James Peries in association with Ministry of Cultural Affairs, Sri Lanka
Napoleon Chagnon

**Napoleon Alphonseau Chagnon** ( ; August 27, 1938 – September 21, 2019) was an American anthropologist, professor of anthropology at the University of Missouri in Columbia. He was a member of the National Academy of Sciences. Chagnon was known for his long-term ethnographic field work among the Yanomamö.

Chagnon died at the age of 81 on September 21, 2019 in Traverse City, Michigan.

## Notes
## References
## Other websites
* Brockmann, John. "Edge Special Event feat. Napoleon Chagnon", *Edge.org*, 6 June 2013.
*Grossman, Andrew. "Napoleon Chagnon's Waterloo", *The Dartmouth Review*, 30 October 2000.
*Wallace, Scott. "Napoleon in Exile", *National Geographic Adventure Magazine*, April 2002.
*
Álvaro Noboa

**Álvaro Fernando Noboa Pontón** (born November 21, 1950) is an Ecuadorian businessman and politician. He was born in Guayaquil, Ecuador.

Noboa has been actively involved in politics, unsuccessfully running for the office of President of Ecuador in 1998, 2002, 2006, 2009 and 2013.  In 2007, however, he was elected national assemblyman. In 2013 Noboa ran for office for the fifth time unsuccessfully.

In 1997, already owning 24% of Bonita Bananas, Noboa purchased another 25% of the shares, the holding company for the family business.  Presently, he runs the Noboa Group of Companies and Noboa Corporation, with more than 110 companies in Ecuador.

His son, Daniel Noboa Azin, is the current President of Ecuador.

## References
## Other websites
*  PRIAN campaign official website 
* Ecuador's Presidential Election: Background on Economic Issues, issue brief from the Center for Economic and Policy Research
Sovereign (British coin)

The **sovereign** is a gold coin of the United Kingdom, with a nominal value of one pound sterling. 

It has been struck from 1817 until the present day. it was originally a circulating coin accepted in Britain and elsewhere in the world. Now it is a bullion coin and is sometimes mounted in jewellery. 

A **bullion coin** is a coin struck from precious metal and kept as a store of value or an investment, rather than used in day-to-day commerce. The United Kingdom defines investment coins as "coins that have been minted after 1800, have a purity of not less than 900 thousandths and are, or have been, legal tender in their country of origin".

In most recent years, it has the well-known design of Saint George and the Dragon on the reverse—the initials () of the designer, Benedetto Pistrucci, is to the right of the date.

The British government promoted the use of the sovereign as an aid to international trade. The Royal Mint took lightweight gold coins out of circulation. From the 1850s until 1932, the sovereign was also struck at colonial mints, initially in Australia, and later in Canada, South Africa and India. They have been struck again in India since 2013 for the local market. The sovereigns issued in Australia initially carried a unique local design, but by 1887, all new sovereigns bore Pistrucci's George and Dragon design. Strikings there were so large that by 1900, about 40 per cent of the sovereigns in Britain had been minted in Australia.

With the start of the First World War in 1914, the sovereign vanished from circulation in Britain, replaced by paper money, and it did not return after the war, though issues at colonial mints continued until 1932. The coin was still used in the Middle East, and demand rose in the 1950s, which the Royal Mint eventually responded to by striking new sovereigns in 1957. It has been struck since then both as a bullion coin and, beginning in 1979, for collectors. Though the sovereign is no longer in circulation, it is still legal tender in the United Kingdom.

## References
Angélica María

**Angélica María** (born **Angélica María Hartman Ortiz** on September 27, 1944) is an American-born Mexican actress and a Latin Grammy Award-winning singer-songwriter. She was born in New Orleans, Louisiana. She is the mother of singer Angélica Vale.

Between June 2013 and 2014, Angelica formed part of the jury of the Spanish-language version of The X Factor, which was broadcast starting that summer on MundoFox in the United States. 

## References
## Other websites
* 
* Angélica María at the Telenovela Database
* Angélica María's Publicist's Official Mini-Site 
* *Angelica Maria*: Official site in Spanish 
* Angélica María's music at Liquid Spins
Pornhub

**Pornhub** is a pornographic video sharing website and the largest pornography site on the Internet. Pornhub was launched in Montreal by CEO Nick Henderson in 2007. Pornhub also has offices and servers in San Francisco, Houston, New Orleans and London.

The website allows visitors to watch pornographic videos from a number of categories, including professional and amateur pornography. Users can take advantage of several features, including sharing videos on social media websites and liking or disliking them, in addition to sharing videos, users have the ability to use the camera on their smartphones, laptops, etc to see one another and have private 1 on 1 masturbation sessions via video chat. Users may also optionally register a free Pornhub account, which additionally allows them to post comments, download videos and add videos to their favourites, as well as upload videos themselves.

Since 2012, Pornhub has hosted several events and campaigns to raise awareness of certain issues or raise money, as well as to help promote its brand. In March 2010, Pornhub was bought by Manwin (now known as MindGeek), which also owns other pornographic websites.

## Blocks and bans 
The website was blocked by the Great Firewall in China from September 2013.

On March 12, 2014, Pornhub was blocked in Russia because one actress looked too young, leading some viewers to think she was a minor.

On January 2017, Pornhub was blocked in the Philippines. Pornhub and similar pornography websites were blocked in order to comply with (follow) the Anti-Child Pornography Law.

Pornhub was blocked in September 2016 in Russia due to "spreading harmful information to children". On April 2017, it was unbanned, but it now asks users to specify their age. Now, Russian users must provide their cellphone numbers or passports to access Pornhub.

In October 2018, the Uttarakhand High Court re-banned Pornhub in India, enforced by blocks from internet providers of India. In order to get around the ban, Pornhub created a mirror website at Pornhub.net.

In February 2024, the Attorney General of the state of Texas sued Aylo/Pornhub for allegedly not obeying the state's legal age verification law. As of March 2024, Pornhub and other Aylo-owned websites have blocked access in Texas, due to the adoption of an age verification law which usually mandates age verification through the use of an identity document. In states where Pornhub is blocked, which also include Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Montana, North Carolina, Utah, and Virginia; a message is displayed criticizing such laws.

## References
## Other websites
Marco Antonio Solís

**Marco Antonio Solís Sosa** (born December 29, 1959) is a Mexican singer, musician, composer, actor, and record producer.

Solís has been awarded five Latin Grammy Awards, two Lo Nuestro Awards, has a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame, and has been inducted into the Billboard Latin Music Hall of Fame.

## References
## Other websites
* Official site (Spanish)
Benny Fredriksson

**Benny Holger Fredriksson** (2 July 1959 – 17 March 2018) was a Swedish actor and theatre director. He was born in Hägersten, Sweden. He served as CEO of Kulturhuset Stadsteatern in Stockholm from 2002 to 2017.

After sixteen years as CEO, Fredriksson resigned in December 2017 and took his own life three months later, after receiving harsh criticism in the wake of Me Too movement for his alleged tough leadership style and sexual abuse allegations. However, after his death, it was revealed some allegations towards him were false.

Fredriksson committed suicide on 17 March 2018, while on vacation in Sydney, Australia at the age of 58.

## References
## Other websites
*
Angélica Vale

**Angélica Vale** (born **Angélica María Vale Hartman**; November 11, 1975) is a Mexican-American actress, singer, and comedian. She is known also as the daughter of Angélica María.

She is known for her role as the protagonist of *La Fea Más Bella* (*The Prettiest Ugly Girl*), a Mexican telenovela, with her real-life mother. She starred in the webnovela *No me hallo* as Luchita Guerra.

Early in 2012, Vale was a team captain on the Mexican TV Show *Parodiando*, of Televisa network. Vale became a U.S. citizen in 2016, while retaining her Mexican citizenship.

## References
## Other websites
* 
* at tv.com
* Webnovela No Me Hallo – Angelica Vale
Corticosteroid

(hydrocortisone), a corticosteroid with both glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid activity and effects.]]

**Corticosteroids** are a class of steroid hormones made in the adrenal cortex of vertebrates. The term is also used for the synthetic analogues of these hormones. 

The two main classes of corticosteroids are glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids. They do a wide range of physiological processes: 

*stress response, 
*immune response, 
*regulation of inflammation, carbohydrate metabolism, protein catabolism, blood electrolyte levels, and behavior.

## References
Edappadi K. Palaniswami

**Edappadi K. Palaniswami** is an Indian politician. He is the Former  Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu. From 2023, Palaniswami is the general secretary of the All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam, a  Dravidian party.

## Early life 
Edappadi K. Palaniswamy was born on 12th May 1954. He was born in Siluvampalayam village in Salem district. His father's name is Mr.Karuppa Gounder . His Mother's name is Thavasi Ammal. 
## Politics
Palaniswami has won the state assembly elections four times from the Edapadi constituency. He won the elections in the years of 1989, 1991, 2011 and 2016.
## References
V. V. Giri

***Varahagiri Venkata Giri*** commonly known as **V. V. Giri**, was the fourth President of India. He was also the 3rd Vice President of India. He was the President from 24 August 1969 to 24 August 1974. As President, Giri was the only person to be elected as an independent candidate. He was succeeded by Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed as President in 1974. After the end of his full term, Giri was honoured by the Government of India with the Bharat Ratna in 1975. Giri died on 24 June 1980.
## Reference
Dinakaran

Dinakaran is a Tamil daily newspaper distributed in India. It was founded by K. P. Kandasamy in 1977. It is currently owned by the Sun Network group. Dinakaran is the second largest distributed Tamil daily in India after *Dina Thanthi*.It is printed in 12 cities across India. These cities are Bangalore, Chennai, Coimbatore, Madurai, Mumbai, New Delhi, Nagercoil, Pondicherry, Salem, Tiruchirappalli, Tirunelveli and Vellore.
## Attack case
Dinakaran published the result of a opinion polls. The poll was about people's wish of who will become the next leader of DMK. The results said that 70% of the people support Stalin while only 2% support Alagiri. Dinakaran daily's office were bombed by Alagiri supporters. In this attack case, 3 were dead . This led to the resignation of Central Minister Dayanidhi Maran, brother of Kalanidhi Maran from the Union Cabinet.
## Reference
Dina Thanthi

**Dina Thanthi** (known as **Daily Thanthi** in English) is a Tamil daily newspaper. It was founded by S. P. Adithanar in Madurai in 1942. Dina Thanthi is the first largest distributed Tamil daily newspaper in India. It is also the ninth largest daily newspaper in India by distribution.It is printed in 16 cities across India. These are:Bangalore, Chennai, Mumbai, Pondicherry, Coimbatore, Cuddalore, Dindigul, Erode, Madurai, Nagercoil, Salem, Thanjavur, Tiruchirappalli, Tirunelveli, Tirupur and Vellore. It also prints an international edition in Dubai, United Arab Emirates for the Middle East market.

## References
## Other websites
* Official website
* E-Paper Website 
* Dina Thanthi Newspaper History
Chinese mystery snail

The **Chinese mystery snail** (*Bellamya chinensis*) is a large freshwater snail. It is known for its scarce shell and edible antenna, it is very unusual. It also eats dung and was discovered in 1324 A.D. It can grow up to 5.1 cm long. 

## References
Younian dialect

**Younian language** or **Younian dialect** ( *yōunian*) is a kind of Pinghua dialects. It is used in some villages of Red Yao in Longsheng County, Guilin, and Guangxi. There were more than 10,000 native speakers in 1997.
Brad Williamson (ice hockey)

**Brad Williamson** (born July 4, 1977) is a Canadian retired professional ice hockey defenceman.

## Awards and honors
## References
## Other websites
*
Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed

**Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed** (13 May 1905 – 11 February 1977) was the fifth President of India from 1974 to 1977 and also the 2nd President of India to die in office.

## Early life
Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed was born on 13 May 1905 at the Hauz Qazi area of Old Delhi, India.He met Jawaharlal Nehru in England in 1925. He joined the Indian National Congress. He actively participated in the Indian freedom movement. In 1942 he was arrested in the Quit India movement. He was send to prison for 3 1/2 years as punishment by the British rule. He was a member of the Assam Pradesh Congress Committee from 1936. He was the member of All India Congress Committee from 1947 to 1974.

## As President
Fakhruddin was chosen for the President election by Prime Minister Indira Gandhi in 1974. In 20 August 1974, he was elected as the President of India.He became the second Muslim to be elected as the President. He was the second Indian president to die in office. He died on 11 February 1977 due to a heart attack, at the age of 72.

## References
* *Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed*, by M. A. Naidu, 1975
* *Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed*, by Attar Chand. Pub. Homeland, 1975.
* 

## Other websites
* Legends of Assam 
* Fifth Lok Sabha Members Official Bioprofile