open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Barrel organ

A **barrel organ** plays music by using turning a barrel, with notes decided by an arrangement of pins. It is very similar to a simple music box where the pins pluck a metal harp. With a barrel organ, the pins in the barrel lift "keys" that open valves that let air from the bellows to play the pipes.  

The barrel organ is sometimes wrongly called a hurdy gurdy, which is a string instrument. Barrel organs come in many different sizes from hand carried ones to large sizes carried on a wagon or trailer. Usually each barrel had a number of tunes on it, and the tune could be changed to different selection by lifting an indexing pin and  the barrel to the next index position. Even a small hand carried organ could play six or eight tunes. Stationary barrel organs, built into large houses or churches, were larger pipe organs, and could play longer, and more serious music. Some had different barrels or revolving barrel changers, which meant they did not need an organist to play them, and had a larger selection of music. Organs built in a church, allowed people to sing, accompanied by organ. Some of the only organ music composed by Mozart, was supposedly written for a barrel organ built into a clock.
File:Encyclopedie volume 4-254.png|alt=
File:Mobiliário (12.0), Acervo do Museu do Colono (Santa Leopoldina).jpg|alt=
File:Mobiliário (12.1), Acervo do Museu do Colono (Santa Leopoldina).jpg|alt=
File:Mobiliário (12.5), Acervo do Museu do Colono (Santa Leopoldina).jpg|alt=

## Other websites
Shinichi Shuto

**Shinichi Shuto** (born 8 June 1983) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Sagan Tosu.

## Club career statistics
|-
|2002||rowspan="5"|Kashima Antlers||rowspan="5"|J. League 1||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|2003||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|2004||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|2005||0||0||1||0||0||0||1||0
|-
|2006||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|2006||Japan Soccer College||Regional Leagues||0||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||0||0
|-
|2007||Kashima Antlers||J. League 1||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|2008||rowspan="2"|Mito Hollyhock||rowspan="2"|J. League 2||0||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||1||0
|-
|2009||0||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||0||0
|-
|2010||Sagan Tosu||J. League 2||||||||||||||||
0||0||2||0||0||0||2||0
0||0||2||0||0||0||2||0
|}

## References
Tetsu Sugiyama

**Tetsu Sugiyama** (born 26 June 1981) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Kashima Antlers.

## Club career statistics
|-
|2004||rowspan="7"|Kashima Antlers||rowspan="7"|J. League 1||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|2005||0||0||0||0||1||0||1||0
|-
|2006||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|2007||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|2008||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|2009||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|2010||||||||||||||||
0||0||0||0||1||0||1||0
0||0||0||0||1||0||1||0
|}

## References
*Kashima Antlers
Lilian Thuram

**Lilian Thuram** (born 1 January 1972) is a former French football player. He has played for France national team.

## Career statistics
### Club
### International
:''Scores and results list France's goal tally first, score column indicates score after each Thuram goal.''

## Honours
**Parma**
*Coppa Italia: 1998–99
*Supercoppa Italiana: 1999
*UEFA Cup: 1998–99

**Juventus**
*Guerin d'Oro: 1997
*FIFA World Cup Bronze Ball: 1998
*FIFA World Cup All-Star Team: 1998, 2006
*ESM Team of the Year: 1998–99, 2002–03
*UEFA Euro Team of the Tournament: 2000
*FIFA 100: 2004
*FIFPro World XI: 2006
*Trophée d'honneur UNFP: 2009
*Équipe type spéciale 20 ans des trophées UNFP: 2011

**Orders**
*Knight of the Legion of Honour: 1998

## References
Jun Uchida

is a Japanese professional athlete.  He is best known as a Association football or soccer player.

## Club career statistics
|-
|2000||rowspan="7"|Kashima Antlers||rowspan="7"|J. League 1||8||0||1||0||2||0||11||0
|-
|2001||9||0||1||0||0||0||10||0
|-
|2002||20||1||2||0||9||0||31||1
|-
|2003||6||0||4||0||3||0||13||0
|-
|2004||17||0||0||0||4||0||21||0
|-
|2005||17||0||1||0||5||0||23||0
|-
|2006||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|2006||rowspan="7"|Albirex Niigata||rowspan="7"|J. League 1||14||1||2||0||0||0||16||1
|-
|2007||30||2||1||0||5||0||36||2
|-
|2008||33||2||2||1||6||0||41||3
|-
|2009||32||0||3||0||3||0||38||0
|-
|2010||||||||||||||||
|-
|2011||||||||||||||||
|-
|2012||||||||||||||||
186||6||17||1||37||0||240||7
186||6||17||1||37||0||240||7
|}

## References
## Other websites
* Albirex Niigata, http://www.albirex.co.jp/topteam/17_uchida.html
Tony Popovic

**Tony Popovic** (born 4 July 1973) is a former Australian football player. He has played for Australia national team.

## Career statistics
### Club
### International
:''Scores and results list Australia's goal tally first, score column indicates score after each Popovic goal.''

### Managerial statistics
## Honours
### Player
**Australia**
* OFC Nations Cup: 1996, 2000, 2004

### Manager
**Western Sydney Wanderers**
* A-League Men: Premiers 2012–13; runner-up 2013–14, 2015–16
* A-League Men Finals runner-up: 2013, 2014, 2016
* AFC Champions League: 2014

**Perth Glory**
* A-League Men: Premiers 2018–19
* A-League Men Finals runner-up: 2019

**Melbourne Victory**
* A-League Men runner-up: 2021–22
* Australia Cup: 2021

### Individual
* A-League Men Coach of the Year: 2012–13, 2018–19, 2021–22
* PFA A-League Manager of the Season: 2012–13, 2018–19
* AFC Coach of the Year: 2014

## References
Cupressus macrocarpa

***Cupressus macrocarpa*** (**Monterey Cypress**, **Macrocarpa**; syn. *Callitropsis macrocarpa* (Hartw.) D.P.Little) is a species of cypress endemic to the central coast of California. In the wild, the species is confined to two small populations, near Monterey and Carmel. These two small populations represent what was once a very large forest on the west coast. The surviving trees from this forest are as old as 2000 years.
Megumu Yoshida

**Megumu Yoshida** (born 13 April 1973) is a former Japanese football player.

## Club statistics
## Managerial statistics
## References
Bernardo Corradi

**Bernardo Corradi** (born 30 March 1976) is an Italian football player. He plays for Udinese.

## Club career statistics
|-
|1994/95||rowspan="2"|Poggibonsi||Serie C2||16||1||0||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||16||1
|-
|1995/96||Serie D||31||9||0||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||31||9
|-
|1996/97||Mobilieri Ponsacco||Serie C2||31||6||0||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||31||6
|-
|1997/98||Cagliari||Serie B||2||0||3||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||5||0
|-
|1997/98||Montevarchi||Serie C1||26||5||0||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||26||5
|-
|1998/99||Fidelis Andria||Serie B||31||8||2||1||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||33||9
|-
|1999/00||Cagliari||Serie A||20||0||3||2||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||23||2
|-
|2000/01||rowspan="2"|ChievoVerona||Serie B||36||12||0||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||36||12
|-
|2001/02||Serie A||32||10||3||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||35||10
|-
|2002/03||Internazionale Milano||Serie A||0||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||1||0||1||0
|-
|2002/03||rowspan="2"|Lazio||rowspan="2"|Serie A||32||10||4||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||36||10
|-
|2003/04||32||10||6||1||colspan="2"|-||8||1||46||12

|-
|2004/05||Valencia||La Liga||21||3||||||||||9||1||30||4

|-
|2005/06||Parma||Serie A||36||10||3||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||39||10

|-
|2006/07||Manchester City||Premier League||25||3||3||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||29||3

|-
|2007/08||Parma||Serie A||27||5||0||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||27||5
|-
|2008/09||Reggina||Serie A||30||10||1||1||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||31||11
|-
|2009/10||Udinese||Serie A||||||||||||||||||||
382||96||25||5||colspan="2"|-||9||1||416||102
21||3||||||||||9||1||30||4
25||3||3||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||29||3
428||102||28||5||1||0||18||2||475||109
|}

## International career statistics
|-
|2003||7||2
|-
|2004||6||0
|-
!Total||13||2
|}

## References
Yuki Nakashima

**Yuki Nakashima** (born 16 June 1984) is a Japanese football player. He plays for FC Machida Zelvia.

## Other websites
*
*Profile at FC Machida Zelvia
Mohamed Kallon

**Mohamed Kallon** (born 6 October 1979) is a Sierra Leonean football player. He has played for Sierra Leone national team.

## Club career statistics
|-
|1992/93||rowspan="2"|Old Edwardians||rowspan="2"|National Premier League||0||0
|-
|1993/94||27||12

|-
|1994/95||Tadamon||Premier League||24||15

|-
|1995/96||rowspan="2"|Lugano||rowspan="2"|Super League||1||0
|-
|1996/97||17||1

|-
|1997/98||Bologna||Serie A||12||2
|-
|1997/98||Genoa||Serie B||26||10
|-
|1998/99||Cagliari||Serie A||26||6
|-
|1999/00||Reggina||Serie A||30||13
|-
|2000/01||Vicenza||Serie A||25||8
|-
|2001/02||rowspan="3"|Internazionale Milano||rowspan="3"|Serie A||29||15
|-
|2002/03||9||5
|-
|2003/04||5||0

|-
|2004/05||Monaco||Ligue 1||34||15

|-
|2005/06||Al-Ittihad Jeddah||Professional League||26||13

|-
|2006/07||rowspan="2"|Monaco||rowspan="2"|Ligue 1||12||2
|-
|2007/08||2||0

|-
|2007/08||AEK Athens||Super League||8||3
27||12
24||15
18||1
150||49
48||13
26||12
8||2
301||104
|}

## International career statistics
|-
|1995||||
|-
|1996||||
|-
|1997||||
|-
|1998||||
|-
|1999||||
|-
|2000||3||0
|-
|2001||4||0
|-
|2002||||
|-
|2003||2||0
|-
|2004||||
|-
|2005||||
|-
|2006||1||0
|-
|2007||2||0
|-
|2008||5||1
|-
!Total||||
|}

## References
Cloud Cult

**Cloud Cult** is an indie rock band from Minneapolis, Minnesota that is led by singer and songwriter Craig Minowa. Their name came from the old sayings of the Native Americans. 

## History 
The band was made in 1995, when Minowa got other musicians together to help out with some of his solo music, or music made by himself. The band's early music was liked by many record labels. The labels made many offers to sell Cloud Cult's music, but the band decided to self-publish instead, which means that they make their albums themselves without the help of a company.  As the band became more popular and started playing live more often, Connie Minowa and Scott West started painting onstage during shows.

In 1997, Craig Minowa started Earthology Records on his organic farm. The new record company now sells the bands' music. 

The band's newest album, *Feel Good Ghosts (Tea-Partying Through Tornadoes)* was released on April 8, 2008. The album is their most popular album yet. Also in 2008, a documentary about the band was made.

After the album was released, Craig Minowa said that it might be the last Cloud Cult album ever.  The band is currently taking a break, so the  can  on their families. 

In October of 2008, the band had a song in an animated Esurance commercial. The band is shown playing their instruments while floating on clouds. After making the commercial, the band put a few songs on Esurance's website. The songs are available to freely download.

## Band members 
* Craig Minowa - singer/songwriter
* Arlen Peiffer - drums
* Sarah Young - cello
* Shannon Frid - violin
* Shawn Neary - bass/trombone
* Connie Minowa - visual artist
* Scott West - visual artist/trumpet
* Allan Wetzel - visual artist/keyboard

## Studio albums 
* The Shade Project (1995)
* Who Killed Puck? (2001)
* They Live on the Sun (2003)
* Aurora Borealis (2004)
* Advice from the Happy Hippopotamus (2005)
* The Meaning of 8 (2007)
* Feel Good Ghosts (Tea-Partying Through Tornadoes) (2008)
* Light Chasers (2010)
* Love (2013)
* The Seeker (2016)

## References 
## Other websites 
*
*Cloud Cult info (PDF)
*Cloud Cult performing on The Current in March 2007
*Cloud Cult Interview at REDEFINE Magazine, June 2006
*Cloud Cult feature with Craig Minowa at groundcontrolmag.com, March 2007
Ramón Díaz

**Ramón Díaz** (born August 29, 1959) is a former Argentine football player. He has appeared for the Argentina national team.

## Career statistics 
### Club
### International
## Managerial statistics
## Honours
### Player
**River Plate**
* Primera División Argentina: 1979 Metropolitano, 1979 Nacional, 1980 Metropolitano, 1981 Nacional, 1991 Apertura
* Supercopa Libertadores runner-up: 1991

**Internazionale**
* Serie A: 1988–89

**Monaco**
* Coupe de France: 1990–91
* Ligue 1 runner-up: 1990-91

**Yokohama Marinos**
* J1 League: 1995

**Argentina U20**
* FIFA World Youth Championship: 1979
* Primera División Argentina Top Scorer: 1991 Apertura
* J.League Top Scorer: 1993

### Manager
**River Plate**
* Primera División Argentina: 1996 Apertura, 1997 Clausura, 1997 Apertura, 1999 Apertura, 2002 Clausura, 2014 Final
* Superfinal: 2013–14
* Copa Libertadores: 1996
* Supercopa Libertadores: 1997
* Intercontinental Cup runner-up: 1996
* Recopa Sudamericana runner-up: 1997, 1998

**San Lorenzo**
* Primera División Argentina: 2007 Clausura

**Al-Hilal**
* Saudi Professional League: 2016–17
* King's Cup: 2017, 2022–23; runner-up 2021–22
* AFC Champions League runner-up: 2017, 2022
* FIFA Club World Cup runner-up: 2022

**Al-Ittihad**
* Saudi Super Cup runner-up: 2018

**Al-Nasr**
* UAE League Cup runner-up: 2020–21
* UAE President's Cup runner-up: 2020–21

**Individual**
* Saudi Professional League Manager of the Month: March 2022, May & June 2022

## Notes
## References
Jack Donahue

**Jack Donahue** (1804 — 1 September, 1830), sometimes called **John Donohue**, was a famous Australian bushranger. With the exception of Ned Kelly, there have been more songs, poems and stories about him than any other bushranger. He quickly became a folk hero.  Governor Ralph Darling told hotel owners they would have their hotels closed if they allowed people to sing songs about Donahue. Jack Jones sang this song to Ned Kelly during the siege at Glenrowan, Victoria.

## References
Frederick Ward (bushranger)

**Frederick Ward**, also known as “*Captain Thunderbolt*”, was an Australian bushranger. He lived in northern New South Wales. Some people thought he was like Robin Hood, who robbed from the rich to help the poor.

## Early life
Ward was born Windsor, New South Wales in 1835. His father, Michael Ward, had been sent to Australia as a convict in 1815. Fred was one of eleven children. 

While there have been stories that it was Ward's brother William who was killed, these stories are easily disproven.

## Heritage
Thunderbolt's Rock and Blanch's Royal Oak Inn were added to New South Wales State Heritage List in July 2012. This listing will protect the site which are now important places for tourists who come to the area. The site of his death at Kentucky Creek, and his grave, have also been added to the Heritage List.

## Other websites
* This site has a list of all Thunderbolt's robberies and other activities http://www.thunderboltbushranger.com.au
* This site has a list of all Thunderbolt's known robberies http://www.nedkellysworld.com.au/bushrangers/ward_f.htm 

## References
Motion of Confidence

A **Motion of Confidence** is a motion of support proposed by a government in a parliament or other assembly of elected representatives to give the members a chance to register their confidence in a government.  The motion is passed or rejected by means of a parliamentary vote.  Governments often propose a Motion of confidence to replace a Motion of no confidence proposed by the opposition.

Defeat of a Motion of Confidence in a parliamentary democracy generally requires one of two actions: the resignation of the government, or a request for a parliamentary dissolution and the calling of a General Election.

In Italy the Constitution provides only the motion of confidence and that of not-confidence. but this does not apply to rules for amending the Constitution.

## References
Coca

**Coca** is a plant in the family Erythroxylaceae, native to north-western South America. The plant plays a significant role in traditional Andean culture. Coca leaves contain cocaine alkaloids, a basis for the drug cocaine, which is a powerful stimulant. Today the plant has many uses, including traditional use by Andean cultures to flavoring Coca-Cola products to use as an anesthetic.

## History 
Coca has been cultivated by Andean cultures for thousands of years. Traditionally people would chew the leaf or soak it in hot water to make tea in order to get a small energy boost. Coca was introduced to Europe in the 16th century. After its stimulating effects were described by a European doctor in the 19th century, people began to refine the leaves to get cocaine. As people began to learn more about cocaine it began to be banned in many countries. In 1961 the United Nations classified the coca leaf as a narcotic even though studies had shown the leaf itself was non-addictive. This has led the United States to pressure coca-growing countries such as Peru and Bolivia to stop growing coca entirely. These countries have responded by fighting the 1961 decision, trying to remove the coca plant from the list.
## References
Polish literature

]]
Almost no **Polish literature** remains before Christianisation in the 10th century. Polish literature was written in the Latin language during the Middle Ages (there are only several Polish language texts from that times).

The Polish language was accepted as equal to Latin after the Renaissance for literature.

Jan Kochanowski was a leading poet of European Renaissance literature in the 16th century.

Polish writers were inspired by Western European literature but they had their own ideas and trends too. Those trends were coming to Poland because of noble people's travells and political contacts but they were becoming popular some time later then in other countries.

Polish Baroque literature had to trends: elitary one (Jan Andrzej Morsztyn, Maciej Kazimierz Sarbiewski, Daniel Naborowski) and the other one, created by usual nobles (Jan Chryzostom Pasek).

In times of Enlightenment Polish literature was influenced by France. Poland-Lithuania was very weak country and needed political changes. Literature was mainly about society and state, not about love or religion.

In 19th century Poland was not independent. From 1822 to 1863 there was Romanticism in Polish literature. Romantic poets include Adam Mickiewicz who wrote *Pan Tadeusz* epic in 1834, Juliusz Słowacki and Zygmunt Krasiński.

After failed anti-Russian uprising in 1863 Romanticism ended in Poland.

Several Polish novelists have won the Nobel prize. Henryk Sienkiewicz won in 1905. He wrote dramatized versions of famous events in Polish history. Władysław Reymont won a Nobel prize in 1924. He wrote the novel *Chłopi*.

Stanisław Lem is famous science fiction author in the modern era. His *Solaris* novel was made twice into a feature film.
Masashi Oguro

is a former Japanese football player. He played for the Japan national team.

## Biography
Oguro was born in Toyonaka on May 4, 1980. He joined J1 League club Gamba Osaka from their youth team in 1999. In 2001, he was loaned out to Consadole Sapporo in 1 season. He became a regular player at Gamba in 2003. The club won the champions in the 2005 J1 League. In January 2006, he moved to French Ligue 2 club Grenoble. In August 2006, he moved to Italian Serie A club Torino and played in 2 seasons. In summer 2008, he returned to Japan and joined Tokyo Verdy. In 2010, he played for Yokohama FC and FC Tokyo. In 2011, he moved to Yokohama F. Marinos. In 2013, he moved to Chinese Super League club Hangzhou Greentown. Toward the end of his career, he played for J2 League club Kyoto Sanga FC, Montedio Yamagata and Tochigi SC. He retired end of the 2019 season.

On January 29, 2005, Oguro debuted for the Japan national team against Kazakhstan. He was selected the Japan for 2005 Confederations Cup. He played all 3 matches as substitute forward and scored 2 goals. He also played 4 matches and scored 2 goals at 2006 World Cup qualification. In 2006, he was selected the Japan for 2006 World Cup and played in all 3 matches as substitute forward. He played 22 games and scored 5 goals for Japan until 2008.

## Statistics
|-
|1999||rowspan="2"|Gamba Osaka||rowspan="2"|J1 League||11||0||0||0||2||0||13||0
|-
|2000||7||1||1||0||2||0||10||1
|-
|2001||Consadole Sapporo||J1 League||4||0||0||0||2||0||6||0
|-
|2002||rowspan="4"|Gamba Osaka||rowspan="4"|J1 League||6||1||0||0||2||1||8||2
|-
|2003||26||10||2||0||5||3||33||13
|-
|2004||30||20||2||6||7||4||39||30
|-
|2005||31||16||2||2||4||0||37||18

|-
|2005/06||rowspan="2"|Grenoble||rowspan="2"|Ligue 2||17||5||0||0||0||0||17||5
|-
|2006/07||2||1||0||0||1||0||3||1

|-
|2006/07||rowspan="2"|Torino||rowspan="2"|Serie A||7||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||7||0
|-
|2007/08||3||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||4||0

|-
|2008||rowspan="2"|Tokyo Verdy||J1 League||14||2||0||0||0||0||14||2
|-
|2009||J2 League||39||21||0||0||colspan="2"|-||39||21
|-
|2010||Yokohama FC||J2 League||16||12||0||0||colspan="2"|-||16||12
|-
|2010||FC Tokyo||J1 League||22||7||2||0||2||0||26||7
|-
|2011||rowspan="3"|Yokohama F. Marinos||rowspan="3"|J1 League||28||10||3||4||5||3||36||17
|-
|2012||25||2||1||0||3||1||29||3
|-
|2013||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0

|-
|2013||Hangzhou Greentown||Super League||24||3||2||3||colspan="2"|-||26||6

|-
|2014||rowspan="2"|Kyoto Sanga FC||rowspan="2"|J2 League||42||26||2||1||colspan="2"|-||44||27
|-
|2015||40||16||3||0||colspan="2"|-||43||16
|-
|2016||Montedio Yamagata||J2 League||26||9||1||1||colspan="2"|-||27||10
|-
|2017||Kyoto Sanga FC||J2 League||28||6||1||0||colspan="2"|-||29||6
|-
|2018||rowspan="2"|Tochigi SC||rowspan="2"|J2 League||40||12||0||0||colspan="2"|-||40||12
|-
|2019||29||6||0||0||colspan="2"|-||29||6
464||177||20||14||34||12||518||203
19||6||0||0||1||0||20||6
10||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||11||0
24||3||2||3||colspan="2"|-||26||6
517||186||23||17||35||12||575||215
|}

|-
|2005||15||5
|-
|2006||6||0
|-
|2007||0||0
|-
|2008||1||0
|-
!Total||22||5
|}

## References
## Other websites
*
Claude Makélélé

**Claude Makélélé Sinda** (born 18 February 1973) is a French football manager and former player who played as a defensive midfielder.

## Career statistics
### Club
### International
:Source:

## Managerial statistics
## Honours
### Player
**Nantes**
*Division 1: 1994–95
*La Liga: 2000–01, 2002–03
*UEFA Super Cup: 2002
*Intercontinental Cup: 2002

**Chelsea**
*FA Cup: 2006–07
*Football League Cup: 2004–05, 2006–07
*FA Community Shield: 2005
*UEFA Champions League runner-up: 2007–08

**Paris Saint-Germain**
*Coupe de France: 2009–10

**France**
*FIFA World Cup runner-up: 2006

**Individual**
*FIFPro World XI: 2005
*Chelsea Players' Player of the Year: 2006
*ESPN World Team of the Decade: 2009
*UNFP Trophée d'honneur: 2010

## References
Carsten Jancker

**Carsten Jancker** (born 28 August 1974) is a German football manager and former football player. He played for Germany national team.

## Career statistics 
### Club
### International
**International goals**
:''Score and results list Germany's goal tally first.''

## Honours 
**Rapid Wien**
* Austrian Bundesliga: 1995–96
* UEFA Cup Winners' Cup runner-up: 1995–96

**Bayern Munich**
* Bundesliga: 1996–97, 1998–99, 1999–2000, 2000–01
* DFB-Pokal: 1997–98, 1999–2000
* DFB-Ligapokal: 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000
* UEFA Champions League: 2000–01
* Intercontinental Cup: 2001

## References
Masashi Otani

**Masashi Otani** (born 17 April 1983) is a Japanese football player.

## Club career statistics
|-
|2002||rowspan="3"|Kashima Antlers||rowspan="3"|J. League 1||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|2003||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|2004||2||0||0||0||0||0||2||0
|-
|2005||rowspan="2"|Albirex Niigata||rowspan="2"|J. League 1||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|2006||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|2006||rowspan="3"|Japan Soccer College||rowspan="3"|Regional Leagues||5||1||1||0||colspan="2"|-||6||1
|-
|2007||0||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||0||0
|-
|2008||0||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||0||0
|-
|2008||rowspan="2"|Arte Takasaki||rowspan="2"|Football League||7||4||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||7||4
|-
|2009||30||2||2||1||colspan="2"|-||32||3
44||7||3||1||0||0||47||8
44||7||3||1||0||0||47||8
|}
Juan Carlos Valerón

**Juan Carlos Valerón** (born 17 June 1975) is a former Spanish football player.

## Career statistics
### Club
:Sources:

### International
**Appearances and goals by national team and year**

**International goals**

## Honours
**Deportivo**
*Copa del Rey: 2001–02
*Supercopa de España: 2002
*UEFA Intertoto Cup: 2008
*Segunda División: 2011–12

**Spain U21**
*UEFA European Under-21 Championship: 1998

**Individual**
*LFP Awards Fair Play: 2008–09
*Diario AS Fair Play: 2015

## References
Fernando Morientes

**Fernando Morientes** (born 5 April 1976) is a former Spanish football player. He used to play for Olympique Marseille and is well known for his time at Liverpool.

## Career statistics
### Club
### International
:''Scores and results list Spain's goal tally first, score column indicates score after each Morientes goal.''
*Supercopa de España: 2001 2001–02
*Intercontinental Cup: 1998, 2002

**Liverpool**
*FA Cup: 2005–06
*UEFA Super Cup: 2005
*Football League Cup runner-up: 2004–05
*FIFA Club World Cup runner-up: 2005

**Valencia**
*Copa del Rey: 2007–08

**Marseille**
*Ligue 1: 2009–10
*Coupe de la Ligue: 2009–10

**Spain U21**
*UEFA European Under-21 Championship: 1998; runner-up: 1996

**Individual**
*UEFA Club Forward of the Year: 2003–04
*UEFA Champions League Top Scorer: 2003–04
*Ligue 1 Team of the Year: 2003–04

## References
Sébastien Frey

**Sébastien Frey** (born 18 March 1980) is a former French football player.

## Career statistics
### Club
### International
## Honours
**Parma**
*Coppa Italia: 2001–02

**Individual**
*Guerin d'Oro: 2000
*ACF Fiorentina Hall of Fame: 2022

## References
Real Betis

**Real Betis Balompié**, comm is a football club which plays in Spain.

The club formed from a merger of two football clubs ; **Betis F.C.** and **Sevilla Balompie** in 1914.

## League title
*La Liga : 1
**1934/35

## League position
### Former position
Karkonosze

**Karkonosze** (, , ) is the highest part of the Sudeten mountains between Silesia and Bohemia. The Schneekoppe,  high, is the highest point.

This mountain also contain the source of the Elbe River and is also known for the Rübezahl, who is a giant, gnome or mountain spirit.

## Other websites 
* Official Krkonoše Mts. National Park website 
* Official Karkonoski Park Narodowy website 
* Karkonosze - information, history 
* Veselý výlet
Youri Djorkaeff

**Youri Djorkaeff** (born 9 March 1968) is a French retired football player. He has played for France national team. He is the son of Jean Djorkaeff.

## Career statistics
### Club
### International
:''Scores and results list France's goal tally first, score column indicates score after each Djorkaeff goal.''

## Honours
**Monaco**
*Coupe de France: 1990–91

**Paris Saint-Germain**

**France**
*UEFA European Championship Team of the Tournament: 1996
*Pirata d'Oro (Inter Milan Player of the Year): 1997
*FIFA XI: 1997

**Orders**
*Knight of the Legion of Honour: 1998

## References
Sevilla F.C.

**Sevilla Fútbol Club**, commonly known as **Sevilla F.C.**, or simply **Sevilla** is a football club which plays in Seville, Spain. It was founded on 25 January 1890, as Sevilla Foot-ball Club. They play at the Estadio Ramón Sánchez Pizjuán. They were designated as the World's Best Club by the International Federation of Football History & Statistics (IFFHS) in 2006 and 2007.

## Players 
### Current squad 
### Reserve squad 
### Out on loan 
## Honors 
* La Liga : 1 
** (1945/46)
* Copa Del Rey: 5 
** (1935, 1939, 1947–48, 2006–07, 2009–10)
* Supercopa de Espana: 1
** (2007)
* Segunda División: 4
** (1929, 1933–34, 1968–69, 2000–01)
* UEFA Europa League: 5
** (2005–06, 2006–07, 2013–14, 2014–15, 2015–16, 2019-20)
* UEFA Super Cup: 1
** (2006)

### Other honors 
* Best team of the world in 2006 and 2007 according to the International Federation of Football History & Statistics (IFFHS)

## League position 
### Former position 
* 1929 : Segunda División - Champions
* 1929/30 : Segunda División - 4th
* 1930/31 : Segunda División - 2nd
* 1931/32 : Segunda División - 8th
* 1932/33 : Segunda División - 9th
* 1933/34 : Segunda División - Champions
* 1934/35 : La Liga - 5th
* 1935/36 : La Liga - 10th
* 1939/40 : La Liga - 2nd
* 1940/41 : La Liga - 5th
* 1941/42 : La Liga - 6th
* 1942/43 : La Liga - 2nd
* 1943/44 : La Liga - 3rd
* 1944/45 : La Liga - 10th
* 1945/46 : La Liga - Champions
* 1946/47 : La Liga - 6th
* 1947/48 : La Liga - 5th
* 1948/49 : La Liga - 8th
* 1949/50 : La Liga - 10th
* 1950/51 : La Liga - 2nd
* 1951/52 : La Liga - 6th
* 1952/53 : La Liga - 5th
* 1953/54 : La Liga - 5th
* 1954/55 : La Liga - 4th
* 1955/56 : La Liga - 4th
* 1956/57 : La Liga - 2nd
* 1957/58 : La Liga - 10th
* 1958/59 : La Liga - 12th
* 1959/60 : La Liga - 4th
* 1960/61 : La Liga - 11th
* 1961/62 : La Liga - 6th
* 1962/63 : La Liga - 11th
* 1963/64 : La Liga - 9th
* 1964/65 : La Liga - 10th
* 1965/66 : La Liga - 8th
* 1966/67 : La Liga - 13th
* 1967/68 : La Liga - 16th
* 1968/69 : Segunda División - Champions
* 1969/70 : La Liga - 3rd
* 1970/71 : La Liga - 7th
* 1971/72 : La Liga - 16th
* 1972/73 : Segunda División - 4th
* 1973/74 : Segunda División - 9th
* 1974/75 : Segunda División - 3rd
* 1975/76 : La Liga - 11th
* 1976/77 : La Liga - 10th
* 1977/78 : La Liga - 8th
* 1978/79 : La Liga - 11th
* 1979/80 : La Liga - 8th
* 1980/81 : La Liga - 8th
* 1981/82 : La Liga - 7th
* 1982/83 : La Liga - 5th
* 1983/84 : La Liga - 8th
* 1984/85 : La Liga - 12th
* 1985/86 : La Liga - 9th
* 1986/87 : La Liga - 12th
* 1987/88 : La Liga - 10th
* 1988/89 : La Liga - 9th
* 1989/90 : La Liga - 6th
* 1990/91 : La Liga - 8th
* 1991/92 : La Liga - 12th
* 1992/93 : La Liga - 7th
* 1993/94 : La Liga - 6th
* 1994/95 : La Liga - 5th
* 1995/96 : La Liga - 12th
* 1996/97 : La Liga - 20th
* 1997/98 : Segunda División - 7th
* 1998/99 : Segunda División - 4th
* 1999/00 : La Liga - 20th

## References
Deportivo de La Coruña

**Deportivo La Coruña** is a football club which plays in A Coruña, Galicia, Spain. Their current manager is Imanol Idiakez. Their current president is Álvaro García Diéguez.

## History 
They have won La Liga once, which was in the 1999-2000 season.

## League title 
* La Liga : 1
** 1999/00

## League position 
### Former position 
## References
Jordan Galland

**Jordan Galland** is a singer-songwriter and an award-winning movie-maker from New York City. He has worked with Sean Lennon,
and Mark Ronson

*Galland's band, Domino, released an EP in 2006 and signed a contract with Mark Ronson's Allido Records label.

Galland's band *Dopo Yume* played shows with Jason Schwartzman 's band *Phantom Planet*.

*Galland was a co-writer on some of Daniel Merriweather's songs on his album *Love and War* produced by Mark Ronson

In 2005, Galland appeared with actors  Lindsay Lohan, Carrie Fisher, and Jordana Brewster in Sean Lennon's 
independent movie **Friendly Fire.**

*Galland's first full-length movie, *Rosencrantz and Guildenstern Are Undead*, was filmed in New York City during December 2007 and  at the 2009 Slamdance Film Festival. This movie is premiering in Canada during Canada Music Week.

*Galland used the Red Camera, a new cutting edge technology in movies.

## Trivia
*Galland's band Dopo Yume was a semifinalist in a nation wide AOL contest, beating out thousands of applicants
*Actress Milla Jovovich appeared briefly as a boxhead character in his movie "Smile for the Camera"; they had met when Jordan was a teenager and had snuck into a bar.
*in the November 2007 issue of Vogue (magazine),
Jordan and bandmate Domino Kirke were part of a feature modeling clothing in a contest featuring up and coming clothing designers.

## List of credits 
* Galland co-wrote the song "Spectacle", which appeared in Lennon's movie "Friendly Fire".
* Domino's song "Tropical Moonlight" is on the soundtrack of the movie *21*.
*Numerous song contributions in National Lampoons' Adam and Eve.
* Another band of Galland's, Dopo Yume, had a song on *The O.C.*, in the episode "The Day After Tomorrow". 
*Galland played the electric piano on Mark Ronson's album **Version**
* Galland's band Domino opened for Lily Allen in New York in 2006

## Filmography
## References 
## Other websites
*
Thomas Linke

**Thomas Linke** (born 26 December 1969) is a German former football player. He played as a central defender for Schalke 04 and Bayern Munich in the Bundesliga and for Red Bull Salzburg in the Austrian Bundesliga. He also played for the German national team. 

## Career
Linke started with his local club BSG Robotron Sömmerda and went to  FC Rot-Weiß Erfurt, where he played 84 games in the East German First Division. After the reunification of Germany he went to Schalke 04. In 1998, he came to Bayern Munich. The time with this team was his most successful. With Bayern, Linke won five leagues, three German Cups and four league cups and the 2001Champions League and the Intercontinental Cup.

At the age of 35 he went to the newly formed FC Red Bull Salzburg in the Austrian Bundesliga. Soon he became team captain. In his second season with Salzburg he won the Austrian championship. 2007 he was told, that his contract would not be extended. His last year as player he spent with the second team of Bayern München. Then he became assistant to the director of football Heinz Hochhauser for Red BUll Salzburg. Later he became director of football with RB Leipzig. Soon he left for personal reasons.

Linke's international debut with the Germany national team took place in a 3–0 victory over South Africa, on 15 November 1997. He represented Germany at UEFA Euro 2000 and the 2002 FIFA World Cup. From 1997 till 2004 he played 43 international matches and scored one goal.

## Honours
### Club
***Schalke 04**:
**UEFA Cup: 1996–97

***Bayern Munich**:
**German League: 1998–99, 1999–2000, 2000–01, 2002–03, 2004–05
**German Cup: 1999–2000, 2002–03, 2004–05; runner-up 1998–99
**German League Cup: 1998, 1999, 2000, 2004
**UEFA Champions League: 2000–01; Runner-up 1998–99
**Intercontinental Cup: 2001
**UEFA Super Cup: Runner-up 2001

***Red Bull**:
**Austrian League: 2006–07

### Country
*FIFA World Cup: runner-up 2002

## Career statistics
### Club
### International
:''Scores and results table. Germany's goal tally first:''

## Honours
**Schalke 04**
*UEFA Cup: 1996–97

**Bayern Munich**
*Bundesliga: 1998–99, 1999–2000, 2000–01, 2002–03, 2004–05
*DFB-Pokal: 1999–2000, 2002–03, 2004–05; runner-up: 1998–99
*DFB-Ligapokal: 1998, 1999, 2000, 2004
*UEFA Champions League: 2000–01; runner-up: 1998–99
*Intercontinental Cup: 2001
*UEFA Super Cup runner-up: 2001

**Red Bull Salzburg**
*Austrian Bundesliga: 2006–07

**Germany**
*FIFA World Cup: runner-up 2002

## References
Cherryade

**Cherryade** is a fizzy soft drink made from cherry juice. Cherryade was first made in the 19th century, along with other drinks like limeade and ginger beer, which had been made because lemonade was very popular.

## References 
*
*
Kingdom of Ireland

The **Kingdom of Ireland** () was a country in Western Europe. It was created by King Henry VIII of England by an act of the Irish Parliament in 1541. It had been a colony previously. It was subservient to England partially because of a law passed by the Irish Parliament during Henry VII's reign called Poynings's law which was sponsored by Sir Edward Poynings the Lord Deputy and gave the English Parliament power to veto Irish legislation.  It was abolished in 1801 when it joined the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. Its lands are now part of two states. These states are the Republic of Ireland and the United Kingdom. The lands in the United Kingdom have the name Northern Ireland.
Bingen, Washington

**Bingen** is a city in Klickitat County, Washington, United States.  About 778 people were living in Bingen as of the year 2020.  Bingen has an area of 0.7 square miles and is on the edge of the Columbia River.

## References
Titanis

***Titanis*** was a prehistoric flightless bird. Its name means 'titan'. *Titanis* was a genus of flightless bird belonging to the group called terror birds. These birds were the lions of the their era. Despite this, they came into contact with other predators, such as *Smilodon gracilis, Canis edwardii* and *Smilodon fatalis*.

## Prey source 
Among the common prey of *Titanis* were *Glyptodons, Homalodotheriums, Purgatorius*-like rodents, and horses such as *Equus, Neohipparion* and the famous *Hipparion*.

## Series 
*Titanis* has only appeared in a Primeval television series, as well as Prehistoric Predators and Monsters Resurrected.
Pendulum clock

]]

A **pendulum clock** is a clock that uses a pendulum, a swinging weight, as its timekeeping element.  It was invented in 1656 by Christiaan Huygens.  From the year 1656 until the 1930s, the pendulum clock was the world's most  way of keeping time.  This is what caused it to be used by a lot of people all over the place.It works on principle of periodic motion.
Great Sphinx

, 2005]]

The **Great Sphinx** is at Giza near Cairo in Egypt. It sits in a depression to the south of the pyramid of the Pharaoh Khafre (Chephren) at the west bank of the Nile River. The Sphinx is a stone sculpture of a creature with a human head and a lion's body. The greatest monumental sculpture in the ancient world, its body is 200 feet (60m) long and 65 feet (20m) tall. Its face is 13 feet (4m) wide. 

It is the oldest known monumental sculpture in Egypt. It is thought to have been built by ancient Egyptians of the Old Kingdom in the reign of the Pharaoh Khafre (c. 2558–2532 BC). 

The Great Sphinx does not appear in any known inscription of the Old Kingdom. There are no inscriptions anywhere describing its construction or its original purpose. In the New Kingdom, the Sphinx was called *Hor-em-akhet* (English: Horus of the Horizon), and the pharaoh Thutmose IV (1401–1391 or 1397–1388 BC) referred to it in his "Dream Stele".

The purpose of the Sphinx is not known. Some archaeologists assume that it was a memorial to a Pharaoh or that it functioned as some sort of talisman or guardian god. Other scholars believe the Sphinx as an astronomical observation device that marked the position of the rising sun on the day of the spring equinox in the time of Leo the Lion.

The statue is eroding today because of wind and humidity and the smog from Cairo. Attempts to restore it have often caused more harm than good. Present attempts at restoration are under the control of the Supreme Council of Antiquities' archaeologists. They are working to drain away underground water.

## References
Nagoya Grampus

, formerly known as **Nagoya Grampus Eight**, is a Japanese professional football club in Nagoya.

## History
The club was  in 1938.

## Related pages 
* Sports in Japan
* List of Japanese football teams
* List of Nagoya Grampus players

## References 
## Other websites
* Nagoya Grampus website
Marine One

Richard Nixon getting Marine One's VH-3 in 1974]]
**Marine One** is the call sign for any Marine aircraft carrying the President of the United States. Also, **Marine Two** is the call sign of any Marine aircraft carrying the Vice President of the United States. If both the President and Vice President are on the same Marine aircraft, the aircraft gets the Marine One call sign.
Bibimbap

**Bibimbap** is one of the most famous Korean traditional foods. The word *bibimbap* means stirred or mixed rice. It is served as a bowl of rice with more ingredients on it. These ingredients can include some vegetables (spinach, herbs, potherb, and gosari). Beef or seafood can be added too.

## History of Bibimbap 
There are some theories or stories about the origin of Bibimbap. It was the first written about in a cook book in the late 1800s. The first theory is the "palace food theory". It says that bibimbap was served as a light meal whenever the king wanted something to eat.

The second theory is the "meal for peasants during the farming season". As it was too difficult for peasants to have regular meals during the farming season, they would use a single bowl, where rice was combined with vegetables.

The third theory is the "Donghak uprising theory". When Donghak uprising broke out in the Jeolla provinces in 1894, the Donghak peasants were forced to mix their rice with side dishes because they didn't have enough plates or bowls.

## Value of Bibimbap 
Because Bibimbap has many ingredients, it contains a lot of nutrition. Also, its color and appearance, can be very different. It is easy to prepare and clean up because it is all packed in one bowl.

## References 
* "비빔밥". Encyclopedia of Korean National Culture (Empas). Retrieved on 2006-12-06.
Gaizka Mendieta

**Gaizka Mendieta** (born 27 March 1974) is a former Spanish football player. He has played for Spain national team.

## Club career statistics
|-
|1993/94||Castellón||Segunda División||16||0
|-
|1994/95||rowspan="7"|Valencia||rowspan="7"|La Liga||15||3
|-
|1995/96||34||10
|-
|1996/97||30||11
|-
|1997/98||30||10
|-
|1998/99||37||12
|-
|1999/00||33||10
|-
|2000/01||31||9

|-
|2001/02||Lazio||Serie A||20||1

|-
|2002/03||Barcelona||La Liga||33||7

|-
|2003/04||rowspan="4"|Middlesbrough||rowspan="4"|Premier League||31||3
|-
|2004/05||7||0
|-
|2005/06||17||3
|-
|2006/07||7||0

280||49
20||0
62||4
362||54
|}

## International career statistics
|-
|1999||9||1
|-
|2000||13||3
|-
|2001||8||3
|-
|2002||10||1
|-
!Total||40||8
|}

## References
Parallelism (grammar)

**Parallelism** is a way of writing that uses a sentence (or part of a sentence) that is very much like the one before it.  The language parts often have the same grammatical structure and are said to be *in balance*. The word "parallel" comes from a Greek word that means "next to one another."

In a parallelism, a first statement often will be repeated *in other words* by the second statement. These other words often add to the meaning of the first statement. For example, "The winter winds blow hard. The cold air pushes us back." In the second sentence, "cold air" is parallel to "winter winds", and "pushes us back" is parallel to "blow hard" (it is what the winter winds do). 

Parallelism is a common pattern in the writing of the ancient Near East and Biblical poetry. It can also be found in the work of European and American writers like William Shakespeare:''I'll give my jewels for a set of beads,*

*My gorgeous palace for a hermitage,*

*My gay apparel for an almsman's gown,*

*My figured goblets for a dish of wood,*

*My sceptre for a palmer's walking staff,*

*My subjects for a pair of carved saints*

*And my large kingdom for a little grave* 

(Richard II, Act 3, Scene 3, Lines 147-153)** and Walt Whitman*There was never any more inception than there is now,*

*Nor any more youth or age than there is now,*

*And will never be any more perfection than there is now,*

*Nor any more heaven or hell than there is now.''

("Song of Myself" Section 3, Stanza 2).

## References
Tropical Storm Arthur (2008)

**Tropical Storm Arthur** was the first tropical storm to form in May since 1981.  Arthur was a weak tropical storm that affected Central America. Arthur was the first tropical storm of the 2008 Atlantic hurricane season. Arthur formed from the remains of dissipating Tropical Storm Alma which crossed Central America from the Pacific Ocean. Arthur caused nine deaths in Belize and caused $78 million in damage. 

## References
Hurricane Gustav

**Hurricane Gustav** was one of 16 named storms, one of seven hurricanes, and one of five major hurricanes in the 2008 Atlantic hurricane season. Hurricane Gustav form on August 25, made landfall in three countries, Haiti, Cuba, and the United States, the storm died on September 4. Gustav caused about $6.61 Billion in damage, also 112 direct and 41 indirect deaths.

## Retirement 
In the spring of 2009 the name Gustav was retired, it was replaced by Gonzalo in 2014.

## Related pages
* 2008 Atlantic hurricane season
* List of Atlantic hurricanes
* List of Atlantic hurricane seasons
* List of tropical cyclones

## References 
## Other websites 
* National Hurricane Center's Archive for Hurricane Gustav
Hurricane Kyle (2008)

**Hurricane Kyle** was the eleventh tropical storm and sixth hurricane of the 2008 Atlantic hurricane season. As a low pressure area, it moved slowly across Puerto Rico and Hispaniola. The low dumped heavy rains across those islands.

It later dumped heavy rain Puerto Rico. That resulted in six deaths and $48 million in damage.

A hurricane watch was put up for Maine on September 27. This was the first hurricane watch in 17 years in the state. Elsewhere in New England, the last hurricane watch was 12 years earlier when Hurricane Edouard brushed eastern Massachusetts.

The storm produced high waves along the coasts of Rhode Island and Connecticut. A newly married couple was killed when high waves knocked the wife into rocky shores. Her husband jumped in to save her. He was overcome by the waves himself.

It later struck west-central Nova Scotia as a mild hurricane. When it struck, its winds were near 75 mph. Damage was minor, at $9 million USD.

## References
Tropical Storm Fay (2008)

**Tropical Storm Fay** was the sixth tropical storm of the 2008 Atlantic hurricane season. Tropical Storm Fay caused flooding in Haiti, the next three storms would do that same thing (Gustav, Hanna, and Ike). Tropical Storm Fay made landfall in Florida four times, beating a record from Hurricane Gordon in 1994, which made landfall in Florida three times.  Fay left $560 million in damage and killed 36 people.

## Meteorological history
Fay started as a tropical wave off of Africa on August 7. It did not become a tropical depression until August 15. Shortly later it became Tropical Storm Fay. Fay then crossed Dominican Republic and Haiti. 
Fay continued west and made two landfalls in Cuba. One in Cabo Cruz on August 17 and Cienfuegos on August 18, at both landfalls Fay had winds of 50 mph.  
Fay made its first landfall in Florida at Key West also on August 18 winds were at 60 mph. 
The next day Fay made landfall in Cape Romano, Florida while winds were at 65 mph. Fay moved over Florida and strangely strengthened while over Florida. Fay moved off of Florida near Melbourne. Fay moved north just off of Florida and made another landfall in Flagler Beach, Florida on August 21 while winds were at 65 mph. 
Fay moved into the Gulf of Mexico and then made her fourth and final landfall in Florida on August 23. Fay became extratropical on August 27 and also died on August 27. 
## Aftermath
Even though Fay caused a lot of damage it was not retired, Fay is on the list of names in 2014.

## Reference
## Other websites
* HPC rainfall page for 2008 Tropical Cyclones 
* National Hurricane Center Website
* National Hurricane Center's Atlantic Tropical Weather Outlook
* TS Fay Spotlight from the Central Florida Hurricane Center
Tropical Storm Marco (2008)

**Tropical Storm Marco** was the smallest tropical cyclone ever. It was the 13th named storm of the 2008 Atlantic hurricane season. Marco started from a large storm over the northwestern Caribbean Sea during late September 2008. It later became a tropical depression. Marco reached its peak strength with winds of 65&nbsp;miles per hour (100&nbsp;km/h) on October&nbsp;7. Marco hit land near Misantla, Veracruz. Because it was a very small storm, Marco caused little damage.
Xylophone

called a "Kulintang a Kayo"]]
A **xylophone** is a musical instrument that is part of the percussion family. It belongs to the group which is often called "pitched percussion" or tuned percussion because it can play different pitches and is a different way of expressing the sound that it creats. (notes). Xylophones have bars which are made of wood. People play the xylophone by hitting the bars with a mallet (a kind of drum stick). Each piece of wood is a different length, so they play different notes when they are hit. The bars are arranged like the keys of a piano. Underneath the bars there are long tubes, called resonators, which make the sound last longer.

The modern orchestral xylophone developed from xylophones found in Africa and Asia. It came as a folk instrument to countries in Central Europe. It was first used in an orchestra by Humperdinck in his opera *Hansel and Gretel*. It was also used by Saint-Saëns in his *Danse macabre* where it is supposed to sound like a skeleton, and in his *Carnival of the Animals* where it is supposed to sound like fossils.

The xylophone is usually played so that the music sounds an octave higher than written. Because the sound is always very short the xylophone is often used for short solo tunes which are fast and dry.

The **marimba** is a kind of xylophone which has a softer sound and more bars, especially low notes. It is not often used in older orchestra music.

Xylophones and marimbas are usually played with two mallets, but it is possible for good players to play with four (two in each hand).

## Related pages
* Vibraphone
* Glockenspiel

## References 
* The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Musical Instruments, Könemann