open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Rigidly rotating disk paradox

In theoretical physics, a branch of physics, the **rigidly rotating disk paradox**, sometimes called the **Ehrenfest paradox**, is a paradox concerning a rotating disk. Basically, the paradox says that when a disk (or any circular object in general) is rotated, it will have a smaller circumference than 2πr, because the radius will remain the same, but the circumference is shortened due to the Lorentz contraction. For a more detailed explanation, see below.

## Definition(s)
### Mathematical definition
, *ω*, and the radius, *R*, of the rotating disk are shown]]

If the rotating disk has an angular velocity of *ω*, and a radius of *R*, then the circumference of the disk is *ω*·**R**. So the circumference will undergo a Lorentz contraction of 
\sqrt{1-\frac{{\omega R}^2}{c^2}}. However, the radius, **R**, will not undergo a Lorentz contraction since it is perpendicular to the direction of motion.

Therefore, the circumference divided by the diameter will end up being a little bit less than {\pi}.

### Alternate explanation
The simpler definition is given by the following. To an observer *X* riding on the edge of the rotating disk, the effects of high-speed motion are still in place. So, if *X* were to crawl along the circumference with a ruler and measure the circumference, his ruler will be shortened (due to the Lorentz contraction) and he will have to lay out his ruler *more times* to measure the circumference. Therefore, he will measure the circumference to be *greater* than he would measure it to be if the disk were stationary.

If an observer *Y* were to sit on the radius of the rotating disk, he will measure the radius to be the same as he would measure it to be if the disk were stationary, since the radius is not affected by the Lorentz contraction (the radius is perpendicular to the direction of motion). Therefore, when observers *X* and *Y* compare their measurements, they find that

C>2\pi R

In verbal terms this means *The circumference is greater than 2π times the radius*. So, the circumference and the radius are not proportional by 2π in this case.

## Explanation for the paradox
In differential geometry, there exists a certain type of mathematical plane called a **hyperbolic plane**. In it, if you draw a normal circle, the radius will remain the same, but the circumference will be greater than 2πr. Physicists began to realize that the accelerated angular motion of the disk caused a curvature in spacetime, therefore distorting the normal flat geometric plane, causing the circumference to be greater than 2πr.

Underlying this explanation is the fact that Euclidean geometry is not the actual geometry of space, but an approximation which works well at the level of human life.

## Relation to gravity
Using an ingenious argument concerning the equivalence principle, Albert Einstein showed that the curvature in spacetime caused by the rotated disk could be a logical explanation for gravity. For more information on this topic, see Gravity and the rotating disk.
Rashida Jones

**Rashida Leah Jones** (; born February 25, 1976 in Los Angeles) is an American actress, producer and writer who has starred in many movies and television programs. She starred in the shows *Boston Public*, *The Office*, *Angie Tribeca* and the movie *Our Idiot Brother*. She wrote the screenplay for *Toy Story 4*.

Jones sung on the songs  "Tangled", "Secret" and "Not Coming Home" on Maroon 5's first album. In 2013 Jones directed the music video for "Brave" by Sara Bareilles.

## Early life
Jones was born to Quincy Jones and Peggy Lipton in Los Angeles. Her father is African-American. Her mother is Ashkenazi Jewish. She went to the Buckley School in California. She then went to Harvard University.

## References
The Canterbury Tales (movie)

***The Canterbury Tales*** is a 1972 Italian movie directed by Pier Paolo Pasolini.  It is based on the medieval poem *The Canterbury Tales* by Geoffrey Chaucer.  It is the second movie in Pasolini's 'Trilogy of Life'. It won the Golden Bear at the 22nd Berlin International Film Festival.

The movie has eight of the 24 tales.  It has much nudity, sex, and slapstick humor. Many of these scenes are present or at least alluded to in the original.  Some are Pasolini's own additions.

This movie featured Tom Baker in a small role.  He was one of the husbands of the Wife of Bath.

## Cast
* Hugh Griffith - Sir January
* Laura Betti - The Wife of Bath
* Ninetto Davoli - Perkin
* Franco Citti - The Devil
* Josephine Chaplin - May
* Alan Webb - Old Man
* Pier Paolo Pasolini - Geoffrey Chaucer
* J. P. Van Dyne - The Cook
* Vernon Dobtcheff - The Franklin
* Adrian Street - Fighter
* Derek Deadman - The Pardoner (as Derek Deadmin)

## References
## Other websites 
* 
*
Nicholas and Alexandra

***Nicholas and Alexandra*** is a 1971 biographical movie.  It tells the story of the last Russian monarch, Tsar Nicholas II of Russia, and his wife, Tsarina Alexandra.

The movie was made from the book by Robert K. Massie. It was directed by Franklin J. Schaffner.

It won Academy Awards for Best Art Direction-Set Decoration (John Box, Ernest Archer, Jack Maxsted, Gil Parrondo, Vernon Dixon) and Best Costume Design.  It was nominated for Best Actress in a Leading Role (Janet Suzman), Best Cinematography, Best Music, Original Dramatic Score and Best Picture.

## Cast
## Soundtrack
This soundtrack was written by Richard Rodney Bennett.

# Overture (02:19)
# Nicholas and Alexandra (01:26)
# The Royal Children (01:23)
# The Palace (01:00)
# Sunshine Days (03:21)
# Alexandra (01:18)
# The Romanov Tercentenary (00:52)
# Lenin in Exile (01:21)
# The Princessess (02:20)
# The Breakthrough (02:35)
# The Declaration of War (02:55)
# Extracte (02:40)
# The Journey to the Front (01:02)
# Military March (02:40)
# Rasputin's Death (01:28)
# The People Revolt (01:19)
# Alexandra Alone (01:11)
# Farewells (02:30)
# Dancing in the Snow (01:11)
# Departure from Tobolsk (01:30)
# Elegy (01:38)
# Epilogue (01:50)

## References
The Vault of Horror (movie)

***The Vault of Horror*** (also called ***Vault of Horror***, ***Further Tales from the Crypt*** and ***Tales from the Crypt II***) is a British anthology horror movie.  It was made in 1973 by Amicus Productions. Like the 1972 Amicus movie *Tales from the Crypt*, it is based on stories from the EC Comics series written by Al Feldstein and Bill Gaines. The movie was directed by Roy Ward Baker.

None of the movie's stories are actually from *Vault of Horror* comics. All but one were in *Tales from the Crypt*.  The one that wasn't is *Shock SuspenStories*. The movie does not have the Vault Keeper character from the comics.

## Cast
*Daniel Massey as Harold Rogers
*Terry-Thomas as Arthur Critchit
*Curd Jürgens as Sebastian
*Michael Craig as Maitland
*Tom Baker as Moore
*Anna Massey as Donna Rogers
*Glynis Johns as Eleanor Critchit
*Dawn Addams as Inez
*Edward Judd as Alex
*Denholm Elliott as Diltant
*Robin Nedwell as Tom
*Geoffrey Davies as Jerry
*Terence Alexander as Fenton Breedley
*Ishaq Bux as Fakir
*John Forbes-Robertson as Wilson
*Maurice Kaufmann as Bob Dickson
*Arthur Mullard as Gravedigger
*Mike Pratt as Clive
*Marianne Stone as Jane
*Erik Chitty as Old Waiter
*Tommy Godfrey as Landlord
*Jerold Wells as Waiter

## DVD release
Together with *Tales from the Crypt*,*The Vault Of Horror* was released on a "Midnight Movies" double feature DVD on 11 September 2007. The version used is the edited, 1974 US theatrical release.  It has some of the gorier scenes removed or altered in order to receive an MPAA PG rating.

An uncensored version was first shown on the British TV channel Film4 on 25 August 2008. This version still did not show a shot from the original closing sequence.  In this scene the characters who walk to the graveyard are seen with dead, skeletal faces. It may be that this shot has been lost. No prints with it have been found. There is no evidence it was included in the final release prints.

## Other websites 
* 
*
Frankenstein: The True Story

***Frankenstein: The True Story*** is a 1973 American made-for-television horror movie.  It is loosely based on the novel *Frankenstein* by Mary Shelley. 

The movie added the character of Dr Polidori.  He was not in the original novel.  He was based on the character of Dr. Pretorius from *Bride of Frankenstein*. He was named after the real-life John Polidori.

A notable part of the movie is that instead of being ugly from the start, the Creature is portrayed as physically beautiful.  He becomes more ugly as the movie goes on. The make-up was by Hammer horror veteran artist Roy Ashton.

It was first broadcast in two 90-minute parts.  It is often seen edited into a single movie. The first DVDwas released on September 26, 2006. Included at the beginning is a short intro.  It has James Mason wandering through St John's Wood churchyard, London. He suggests that this is where Mary Shelley is buried.  This is incorrect as she is in fact buried in the family plot in Dorset.  The intro shows Mason standing beside a gravestone bearing her name.

## Cast
* James Mason as Dr. Polidori
* Leonard Whiting as Dr. Victor Frankenstein
* David McCallum as Dr. Henry Clerval
* Jane Seymour as Agatha/Prima
* Nicola Pagett as Elizabeth Fanshawe
* Michael Sarrazin as The Creature
* Michael Wilding as Sir Richard Fanshawe
* Clarissa Kaye-Mason as Lady Fanshawe
* Agnes Moorehead as Mrs. Blair
* Margaret Leighton as Francoise DuVal
* Ralph Richardson as Mr. Lacey
* John Gielgud as Chief Constable (Police)
* Tom Baker as Sea Captain
* Dallas Adams as Felix
* Julian Barnes as Young Man
* Arnold Diamond as Passenger in Coach

## Other websites
*
*
The Mutations

***The Mutations*** is a 1974 British horror movie. It was directed by Jack Cardiff. The movie was also released under the title, *The Freakmaker*.

In the movie a scientist takes college students to use as human guinea pigs. He uses them in his experiments in crossbreeding plants with humans. The failed experimental mutants are then given to a cruel circus freakshow owner.

## Cast
* Donald Pleasence - Professor Nolter
* Tom Baker - Lynch
* Brad Harris - Brian Redford
* Julie Ege - Hedi
* Michael Dunn - Burns
* Scott Antony - Tony
* Jill Haworth - Lauren
* Olga Anthony - Bridget
* Lisa Collings - Prostitute
* Joan Scott - Landlady
* Toby Lennon - Tramp
* John Wireford - Policeman
* Eithne Dunne - Nurse

## References
The Passionate Pilgrim (movie)

***The Passionate Pilgrim*** is a short 1984 feature movie.  It starred Eric Morecambe, Tom Baker and Madeline Smith.  It was Morecambe's last work.  It was one of few that did not have his long-term partner Ernie Wise.

The movie takes the setting of a silent movie.  Narration was done by John Le Mesurier of ''Dad's Army'' fame.

The movie is about a lord who lives in a castle, and his lady.  The lady attracts the amorous attentions of the passionate pilgrim.  The pilgrim tries to gain entry to the castle by any means possible.  The lord tries many things in order to stop him.

The movie was made entirely on location at Hever Castle.

## References
* 

## Other websites
* 
*Eric and Ern - Keeping The Magic Alive  **Book, Film, TV Reviews, Interviews**
The Golden Voyage of Sinbad

***The Golden Voyage of Sinbad*** is a fantasy movie released in 1974.  It stars John Phillip Law as Sinbad. It includes a score by composer Miklós Rózsa.  It is known mostly for the stop-motion effects by Ray Harryhausen. The movie is the second of three Sinbad movies that Harryhausen made for Columbia.  The others are *The 7th Voyage of Sinbad* (1958) and *Sinbad and the Eye of the Tiger* (1977).

It won the first Saturn Award for Best Fantasy Film.

## Cast
* John Phillip Law as Sinbad, the main protagonist.
* Tom Baker as Koura, the main antagonist of the movie. (Christopher Lee was a front-runner to play Koura.) Baker's performance helped him get the lead role in the TV series *Doctor Who*, as the show's producers were impressed with his performance.
* Takis Emmanuel as Achmed. Emmanuel was dubbed by Robert Rietty.
* Caroline Munro as Margiana. Munro was well known at the time for being featured in advertisements for Lamb's Navy Rum.
* Douglas Wilmer as The Vizier
* Kurt Christian as Haroun
* Martin Shaw as Rachid
* Robert Shaw as the Oracle of All Knowledge (uncredited)

## Other websites
* 
*
Ellen Barkin

**Ellen Barkin** (April 16, 1954) is an American actress. She is a  actress who has been in many movies and television series. Barkin has played many lead roles as well as been a supporting actor. She also performs on the Broadway stage. She was born in the Bronx, New York City.

From 1988 to 1999, she was married to Irish actor Gabriel Byrne. 

## References
Morioka

is a city in the Tōhoku region of Japan on the island of Honshu. It is the capital city of Iwate Prefecture.

It has been  as a core city since 2008.

## History
In the 9th century, Sakanoue no Tamuramaro led forces which brought the region under imperial control. 

In 1599, Morioka was founded as a castle town (*jōka-machi*).

In the Boshin War, Morioka was a pro-shogunate city.

During the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake, Morioka was hit by a 6.1 earthquake.

## Culture 
The Iwate Museum of Art (IMA) is in Morioka.  IMA's collection includes works works by notable local artists.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Morioka City website
Dixon of Dock Green

***Dixon of Dock Green*** was a popular BBC television series.  It ran from 1955 to 1976.  Later it was a radio series. Even though it is a drama series, it was first produced by the BBC's light entertainment department.

## Characters 
The main character is Constable George Dixon.  He is played by Jack Warner.

A collection of the first six available colour episodes was released by Acorn Media UK in July 2012.

## Other websites
*
Market in Honey Lane

***Market in Honey Lane*** was an ATV television soap opera.  It was broadcast between 1967 and March 1969.

This cockney drama set was in an East London street market.  It was created by Louis Marks. At first it was shown weekly. In September 1968, it became a twice weekly afternoon show.  Also the name was shortened to just **Honey Lane**.

Main characters were played by John Bennett, Michael Golden, Ray Lonnen, Peter Birrel, Brian Rawlinson, Pat Nye, Basil Henson and Anna Wing.

## Other websites
*
The Zany Adventures of Robin Hood

***The Zany Adventures of Robin Hood*** (1984) is a parody movie of the story of Robin Hood.

## Starring
*George Segal as Robin Hood
*Morgan Fairchild as Lady Marian
*Roddy McDowall as Prince John
*Janet Suzman as Eleanor of Aquitaine
*Tom Baker as Sir Guy of Gisbourne
*Neil Hallett as the Sheriff of Nottingham
*Robert Hardy as King Richard
*Roy Kinnear as Friar Tuck
*Robin Nedwell as Will Scarlet
*Michelle Newell as Rebecca
*Pat Roach as Little John

## Guest starring
*Kenneth Griffith as Isaac of York
*Melvyn Hayes as Father Luther
*Michael Hordern as Rupert

## Other Cast
*Aubrey Morris as Archbishop
*Bruce Purchase as Moishe
*Roger Ashton-Griffiths as 1st Coachman
*Paul Brooks as 2nd Coachman
*Angus Lennie as Scott Kelly
*Tony Steedman as Bank President
*Fenella Fielding as Molly
*John Louis Mansi as Reuben
*Kelly Summers as Miss Jones
*Melanie Hughes as Miss Sanders
*Colin Higgins as Irving
*Peter Brayham as Yehoudi
*Marc Boyle as Bernie
*Andrew Lodge as Lord Exeter
*Angela Grant as Lady Exeter
*Su Elliot as Alice
*Chris Webb as 1st Merryman
*Del Baker as 2nd Merryman
*Terence Plummer as 3rd Merryman
*Steve Dent as 4th Merryman
*Peter Brace as Captain of Guards
*Fred Haggerty as 1st Guard
*Fred Powell as 2nd Guard
*Dinny Powell as 3rd Guard
*George Lane Cooper as 4th Guard
*Derek Lyons as 5th Guard
*William Morgan Sheppard as Saxon thief
*Freddie Jones
*Marianne Stone

## Other websites
*
Play of the Month

***Play of the Month*** is a BBC television anthology series.  It showed classic and contemporary stage plays (or adaptations).  They were usually broadcast on BBC1. Each production had a different work, often with well known British stage actors in the leading roles. The series ran from October 1965 to September 1983. 121 episodes were made. 

## Other websites
*
Lemon (color)

in half]]

**Lemon** is a color that resembles the color of the lemon fruit.

The first written use of *lemon* as a color name in English was in 1598.

## Meaning of lemon
* The color lemon is used in advertising for and packaging of products that are flavored with lemons or lemon flavoring.

## Tones of lemon color comparison chart
## Related pages
*List of colors

## References
The Curse of King Tut's Tomb (1980 movie)

'''''The Curse of King Tut's Tomb''''' is a 1980 British-American mystery thriller movie.  It was directed by Philip Leacock.  The movie is based on the book "Behind the Mask of Tutankhamen" by Barry Wynne. It was shot in Egypt and in England.

It was released as two-part movie on 8 May and 9 May 1980. The score was composed by American jazz musician Gil Melle.

## Plot 
The English archaeologist Howard Carter and his financier, Lord Carnarvon discover the grave of Tut-Ench-Amun. There are rumors about a curse for anyone who disturbs the grave. There are a series of mysterious deaths.

## Cast 
*Eva Marie Saint as Sarah Morrissey
*Robin Ellis as Howard Carter
*Raymond Burr as Jonash Sabastian
*Harry Andrews as Lord Carnarvon
*Wendy Hiller as Princess Vilma
*Angharad Rees as Lady Evelyn Herbert
*Tom Baker as Hasan
*Barbara Murray as Giovanna Antoniella
*Faith Brook as Lady Almina Carnarvon
*Patricia Routledge as "Posh" Lady
*John Palmer as Fishbait
*Darien Angadi as Ahmed Nahas
*Rupert Frazer as Collins
*Rex Holdsworth as Doctor
*Stefan Kalipha as Daoud
*Andy Pantelidou as Lieutenant
*Alfred Hoffman as Stallholder
*Paul Scofield as Narrator (voice)

## References
## Other websites 
*
Softly, Softly (TV series)

***Softly, Softly*** is a British television drama series. It was produced by the BBC and screened on BBC 1. It ran from January 1966 to November 1969.

It revolved around the work of regional crime squads, plain-clothes CID officers based in the fictional region of Wyvern. It was about characters from the popular police series *Z-Cars*.

In 1969, to match the BBC's move to colour broadcasting on BBC 1, the series changed. The main characters were promoted and moved to the South East of England. The series was going to change its name to *Taskforce*. The BBC did not want to drop a popular brand and it became *Softly, Softly: Taskforce*.

## Cast
*Stratford Johns        &mdash;             DCS Charlie Barlow /... (1966-1969 / Series 1-5 / 91 episodes)
*Frank Windsor          &mdash;             DI/DCI John Watt /... (1966-1969 / Series 1-5 / 84 episodes)
*Robert Keegan          &mdash;             Mr Bob Blackitt /... (1966-1967 / Series 1-2 / 42 episodes)
*John Welsh             &mdash;             ACC Bill Calderwood /... (1966-1967 / Series 1-2 / 24 episodes)
*Garfield Morgan        &mdash;             DCI Gwyn Lewis /... (1966 / Series 1 / 19 episodes)
*Norman Bowler          &mdash;             DS Harry Hawkins /... (1966-1969 / Series 1-5 / 75 episodes)
*Gilbert Wynne          &mdash;             DC Reg Dwyer /... (1966-1967 / Series 1-3 / 43 episodes)
*Cavan Kendall                 -            PC Greenly /... (1966 / Series 1 / 14 episodes)
*Dan Meaden             &mdash;             DC Ben Box /... (1966-1968 / Series 1-4 / 49 episodes)
*Eric McCaine                  -            Insp./CI Laird /... (1966-1969 / Series 1-4 / 18 episodes)
*John Barron            &mdash;             ACC Austin Gilbert /... (1966-1969 / Series 2-5 / 52 episodes)
*David Quilter          &mdash;             PC Tanner /... (1966-1967 / Series 2-3 / 29 episodes)
*Chrys Salt            -                    Gwenda Lloyd /... (1967-1968 / Series 3 / 15 episodes)
*Peggy Sinclair         &mdash;             P/W DS Barbara Allin /... (1967-1969 / Series 3-5 / 38 episodes)
*Philip Brack           &mdash;             DI Jim Cook /... (1968-1969 / Series 3-5 / 29 episodes)
*Gavin Campbell         &mdash;             PC/DC William Digby /... (1968-1969 / Series 3-5 / 25 episodes)
*Howell Evans           &mdash;             DC Morgan /... (1968-1969 / Series 4-5 / 15 episodes)

Others - 
*Alexis Kanner - DC Matt Stone (1966 / Series 1 / 9 episodes)
*Colin Douglas - DCI Rawlings (1966 / Series 1 / 3 episodes)
*Barry Letts - DS Reed (1966 / Series 1 / 4 episodes)
*Glyn Houston - D Supt Arthur Jones (1966-1969 / Series 2, 4 / 7 episodes)
*Gay Hamilton - Dr Jean Morrow (1969 / Series 4-5 / 5 episodes)
*Walter Gotell - Chief Con. Arthur Cullen (1969 / Series 5 / 1 episode)

## Other websites
* 
* *Softly, Softly*  at Television Heaven
Arthur of the Britons

***Arthur of the Britons*** is a British television show about the historical King Arthur. There were two series, released between 1972 and 1973. This King Arthur shows greatness by making peace between the two foremost peoples in the England of his era. The looks of King Arthur and his brother-in-arms Kai are similar to contemporary rockstars. *Arthur of the Britons* was broadcast repeatedly on many local ITV stations during the 1970s and 1980s.

## Cast
*Oliver Tobias &ndash; Arthur, Chief of the Celts
*Brian Blessed &ndash; Mark of Cornwall
*Michael Gothard &ndash; Kai
*Jack Watson &ndash; Llud the Silver-Handed
*Rupert Davies &ndash; Cerdig, Chief of the Saxons
*Georg Marischka &ndash; Yorath, Chief of the Jutes
*Gila von Weitershausen &ndash; Rowena of the Jutes
*Clive Revill &ndash; Rolf the Preacher
*Peter Stephens &ndash; Amlodd

## Other websites
*
*
*
*Swashbucklers website including *Arthur of the Britons*
Jacqueline Hill

**Jacqueline Hill** (17 December 1929 – 18 February 1993) was an English actress.  She was best known for her role as Barbara Wright in the BBC science fiction television series *Doctor Who*.  Hill returned for an appearance in the 1980 *Doctor Who* story *Meglos*, as the priestess Lexa.

## Career 
Hill trained at the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art.  She was first on stage in London's West End in *The Shrike*. Many more roles followed, including, on television, *Shop Window*, *Fabian of the Yard* and *An Enemy of the People*.

## Personal life 
In 1958 she married the director Alvin Rakoff.  The previous year she was in his BBC adaptation of Rod Serling's American television play *Requiem for a Heavyweight*.

After leaving *Doctor Who* in 1965, she gave up acting to raise a family.  She had a daughter Sasha and son John.  Hill began acting again in 1979.  She gained further TV credits in, amongst other programmes, *Tales of the Unexpected* and as Lady Capulet in the BBC Television Shakespeare version of *Romeo and Juliet* in 1978.

Jacqueline Hill died of bone cancer in 1993.

## Selected works
* *The Blue Parrot* (1953)
* *The Comedy Man* (1964)

## References
## Other websites
*
Jim'll Fix It

'''''Jim'll Fix It'''* is a long-running British television show that was broadcast by BBC One between May 31, 1975 and July 24, 1994. In 2007, it was shown on UKTVGold from April 5 to May 10. It was presented by the late Jimmy Savile. It was produced by Roger Ordish, who also worked on other BBC shows, including A Bit of Fry & Laurie. When Saville was knighted, the book for the 1991 series of the comedy sketch show had a statement that in future *Jim'll Fix It* would be known as: *Sir James will bring his influence to bear in arranging matters to your satisfaction.''

## References
The Hound of the Baskervilles (1982 TV serial)

***The Hound of the Baskervilles*** (1982) is a British television programme.  It was directed by Peter Duguid and starred Tom Baker as Sherlock Holmes and Terence Rigby as Doctor Watson. It is based on Arthur Conan Doyle's Sherlock Holmes novel *The Hound of the Baskervilles*.

## Cast 
*Tom Baker as Sherlock Holmes
*Terence Rigby as Dr. John H. Watson
*Nicholas Woodeson as Sir Henry Baskerville
*Christopher Ravenscroft as Stapleton
*Kay Adshead as Beryl Stapleton
*Will Knightley as Dr. Mortimer

## Reception
The opinions of viewers at the time was divided The four-part serial aired in 1982, Baker himself came to think of his performance as a failure. 

## References
## Other websites 
*
Jemima Shore

***Jemima Shore*** is a fictional character created by Antonia Fraser. She is portrayed as TV's professional investigative journalist. She is in a series of crime novels.

## Novels 
* *Quiet as a Nun* (1977)
* *The Wild Island* (1978)
* *A Splash of Red* (1981)
* *Cool Repentance* (1982)
* *Oxford Blood* (1985)
* ''Jemima Shore's First Case* (1986)
* *Your Royal Hostage* (1987)
* *The Cavalier Case* (1990)
* *Jemima Shore at the Sunny Grave* (1991)
* *Political Death* (1995)

## Television 
Shore has also been the basis of two television series which aired in the UK: the 1978 *Armchair Thriller* serial *Quiet as a Nun* with Maria Aitken as Jemima Shore, and an ongoing series, *Jemima Shore Investigates'', starring Patricia Hodge in the title role. The series was made by Thames Television for the ITV network in 1983. One series of twelve episodes was made.

## Other websites
*
The Book Tower

***The Book Tower*** is a British television series for children.  It was produced by Yorkshire Television.  The programme ran for 11 series from 3 January 1979 to 30 May 1989.

It was first presented by *Doctor Who* star Tom Baker (1979–81). Each episode explored one or more books, using dramatic presentations.  The aim was to get children interested in reading.

Later presenters included Stephen Moore (1982–83), Alun Armstrong (1984), Neil Innes (1985), Roger McGough (1986), Bernard Bresslaw (1987),  and Timmy Mallett.

## References
## Other websites
*
Jackanory

***Jackanory*** is a long-running BBC children's television series. It was made to interest children in reading. The show began on 13 December 1965. The first story was the fairy-tale ''Cap-o'-Rushes* read by Lee Montague. *Jackanory* continued to be broadcast until March 24, 1996. They made around 3,640 episodes and 2,330 missing in its 30-year run. The final story, *The House at Pooh Corner'' by A. A. Milne, was read by Alan Bennett. The show returned on 27 November 2006 for two stories.

The show's format had an actor read from children's novels or folk tales, usually while seated in an armchair. From time to time the scene being read would be illustrated by a specially made still drawing.  They were often done by Quentin Blake. Usually a single book would take five daily fifteen-minute episodes, from Monday to Friday.

A few *Jackanory* stories took the form of a play rather than stories being read.  These were made in a series of fully cast and dressed for costume dramas. These were named *Jackanory Playhouse* and were thirty minutes in length. These included a dramatisation by Philip Glassborow of the comical A. A. Milne story "The Princess Who Couldn't Laugh."

## Title
The show's title comes from an old English nursery rhyme:

:I'll tell you a story
:About Jack a Nory;
:And now my story's begun;
:I'll tell you another
:Of Jack and his brother,
:And now my story is done.

## List of readers
*Tom Baker
*Floella Benjamin
*Alan Bennett
*James Bolam
*Helena Bonham Carter (5 programmes reading the *Way to Sattin Shore* stories)
*Kathy Burke
*Earl Cameron (5 programmes reading the *Brer Rabbit* stories)
*Brian Cant
*Bernard Cribbins (114 programmes)
*Peter Davison
*Judi Dench
*Denholm Elliott
*Clement Freud
*Ann George
*John Grant (55 programmes reading his *Little Nose* stories)
*Joyce Grenfell
*Sheila Hancock
*Susanne Hart
*Wendy Hiller
*Michael Hordern
*Jeremy Irons
*Martin Jarvis
*Stratford Johns
*James Robertson Justice
*Arthur Lowe
*Joanna Lumley
*Alfred Marks
*Trevor Martin
*Rik Mayall
*Sylvester McCoy
*Geraldine McEwan
*Paul McGann
*Ian McKellen
*George Melly
*Paul Merton
*Spike Milligan
*Hayley Mills
*Lee Montague
*Patrick Moore
*Jon Pertwee
*Ted Ray
*Miranda Richardson
*Bob Roberts
*Tony Robinson
*Gordon Rollings
*Patsy Rowlands
*Willie Rushton
*Margaret Rutherford
*Prunella Scales
*Peter Sellers
*Elaine Smith
*Maggie Smith
*Patrick Stewart
*Elaine Stritch
*Mollie Sugden
*H. E. Todd
*Patrick Troughton
*Ann Way
*Mary Webster
*Billie Whitelaw
*Kenneth Williams (69 programmes)
*Victoria Wood (reading the *Ten in a Bed* story)
*Wendy Wood (*Auntie Gwen*) and even
*Prince Charles (reading his own book; *The Old Man of Lochnagar*).
*Ben Kingsley (*The Magician of Samarkand*)
*John Sessions (*Muddle Earth*)
*Matthew Corbett
*Rupert Everett
*John Hurt
*Alan Rickman

## References
## Other websites
*
The Life and Loves of a She-Devil

***The Life and Loves of a She-Devil*** is a 1983 novel by British feminist author Fay Weldon.  It is about a highly unattractive woman who goes to great lengths to take revenge on her husband and his attractive lover. The book, Weldon says, is about envy, rather than revenge.

The novel was made into two movies.  In 1986 it was as an award-winning BBC television serial.  It starred Patricia Hodge as Mary Fisher, Dennis Waterman as Bobbo and Julie T. Wallace as Ruth.  In 1989 it was made as *She-Devil*.  This version starred Roseanne Barr as the "she-devil" and Meryl Streep as her adversary, Mary Fisher.

## Other websites
* 
* 
*
Pilica (river)

]]

**Pilica** is a river in central Poland. It has a length of 319 kilometres (8th longest) and an area of 9,273&nbsp;km2 (all in Poland).
Csiribpuszta

**Csiribpuszta** was a village, it is now part of Gárdony, Hungary. The postal code is 2484.

## Geography 
Csiribpuszta's altitude is 150 meters.
137 people lived there in 2010.

## References 
## Other websites 
*Csiribpuszta – Google Maps
Yu Hyeong-won

**Yu Hyeong-won** (유형원 柳馨遠, 1622-1673) was a Korean politicians, writer, and scholar in the Joseon Dynasty.  He is best known as a Neo-Confucian scholar and as an early *Silhak* scholar.

## Selected works 
*Bangyesurock(반계수록 磻溪隧錄) 
*Bangyejip(반계집 磻溪集) 
*Baekgyungsajam(백경사잠 百警四箴)
*Bangyeilgo(반계일고 磻溪一顧) 
*Gunhyunje(군현제 郡縣制) 
*Yigichongron(이기총론 理氣總論) 
*Nanhakmulli(논학물리 論學物理) 
*Gyungsulmundap(경설문답 經說問答) 
*Jujachanyo(주자찬요 朱子纂要)
*Yeojiji(여지지 輿地志) 
*Gunhyunjije(군현지제 郡縣之制) 
*Gihaengilrok(기행일록 紀行日錄) 
*Dongguksaksagangmokjorye(동국사강목조례 東國史綱目條例) 
*Donggukyuksagibo(동국역사가고 東國歷史可考) 
*Sokgangmokuibo(속강목의보 續綱目疑補) 
*Dongsaguiseolbyun(동사괴설변 東史怪說辨) 
*Mugyungsaseocho(무경사서초 武經四書抄) 
*Gihyosinseojulhyo(기효신서절요 紀效新書節要)
*Chungeumjinam(정음지남 正音指南) 
*Dojeongchuljip(도정절집 陶靖節集) 
*Donggukmuncho(동국문초 東國文抄) 
*Jungweowirack(중여위략 中與偉略) 

## References 
## Other websites
* 유형원 
* Yu Hyeong-won
* Yu Hyeong-won
Bak Jega

**Bak Jega** (; 1750 - 1805) was a Korean politician, writer, and scholar in the Joseon Dynasty.  He is best known as a Neo-Confucian scholar and as an early *Silhak* scholar.

## References 
* 우린 아직 박제가를 모른다 조선일보 2010.02.23 
* 중상학파 (重商學派)  
* 1997년 08월의 문화인물:초정 박제가(楚亭 朴齊家)
Dungeons & Dragons (movie)

***Dungeons & Dragons*** is a 2000 American fantasy movie.  It was directed by Courtney Solomon.  It was based on the *Dungeons & Dragons* role-playing game. Parts of the movie were made on location at Sedlec Ossuary.   Richard O'Brien and Tom Baker made cameo appearances.

Even though it did not do well in movie theaters, a made-for-TV sequel, *Dungeons & Dragons: Wrath of the Dragon God* was released in 2005. It did not directly continue on the storyline of the previous movie.  A third movie, *Dungeons & Dragons: The Book of Vile Darkness*, was shot in 2011. It was released as direct-to-DVD in the United Kingdom on August 9, 2012.

## Cast
* Justin Whalin as Ridley Freeborn
* Marlon Wayans as Snails
* Jeremy Irons as Mage Profion
* Thora Birch as Savina
* Bruce Payne as Damodar
* Zoe McLellan as Marina Pretensa
* Kristen Wilson as Norda
* Lee Arenberg as Elwood
* Richard O'Brien as Xilus
* Robert Minao as Azmath

## References
## Other websites
* Official *Dungeons & Dragons* website 
* 
* 
*
Blackadder II

***Blackadder II*** is the second series of the BBC sitcom *Blackadder*.  It was written by Richard Curtis and Ben Elton.  It aired from 9 January to 20 February 1986. The series is set in England during the reign of Queen Elizabeth I (1558&ndash;1603).  The main character, Edmund, Lord Blackadder is a Tudor courtier trying to win the favour of the Queen while avoiding the fate of many of her suitors.

The series had several from the format of *The Black Adder*.  These changes were: Ben Elton replaced Rowan Atkinson as the second writer, it was made in studio sets, rather than on location, the introduction of the more familiar Machiavellian "Blackadder" character and a less intelligent Baldrick.

## Cast
The size of the main cast was smaller compared to the previous series.  A fixed number of characters appeared in every episode. 
* Rowan Atkinson as Lord Edmund Blackadder
* Tim McInnerny as Lord Percy Percy, Heir to the Duchy of Northumberland
* Tony Robinson as Baldrick
* Miranda Richardson as Queen Elizabeth I of England
* Stephen Fry as Lord Melchett, the Lord Chamberlain
* Patsy Byrne as Nursie

The series also had at least one significant cameo role per episode.  There were notable appearances from Rik Mayall, playing Lord Flashheart in "Bells", two figures famous for their roles in science fiction series - Tom Baker and Simon Jones - in "Potato", Miriam Margolyes, as the puritanical Lady Whiteadder, and Hugh Laurie appearing twice, first as the drunken Simon Partridge in "Beer" and in the final episode as the evil Prince Ludwig. Laurie was later given a larger role as George in the next two series.

## References
## Other websites
* *Blackadder II* at the former BBC Guide to Comedy (archive)
Onam

**Onam** is a popular festival in the state of Kerala, India. Onam is the official state festival of Kerala. It is celebrated with joy and enthusiasm all over the state by Malayalees regardless of religion, caste or creed. According to a popular legend, the festival is celebrated to welcome King Mahabali, whose spirit is said to visit Kerala in the time of Onam. It also is Hindu festival but there is no inequality among cast all cast celebrate it together 
   
Onam is a 10-day long festival celebrated in the beginning of the month of Chingam, the first month of the Malayalam Calendar (Kollavarsham). This corresponds with the month of August to September according to the Gregorian Calendar. Of the 10 days, the first day, Atham and tenth day, Thiruvonam are most important of all.

## Origin 
The legend is of King Asura (popularly known as Maveli), a mythical king who ruled over Kerala. He was greatly respected in his kingdom and was considered to be wise, and extremely generous. Everybody was happy in his kingdom. There was no discrimination on the basis of caste or class. Rich and poor were treated equally. There was neither crime, nor corruption. Due to his popularity, the Gods became extremely concerned and jealous. They felt threatened and decided to end his reign. They asked Lord Vishnu to go to earth in the form of a dwarf Brahmin. Disguised as Vamana, Vishnu requested Mahabali for 3 feet of land. Kind Mahabali granted him the land, Vamana began to expand and eventually increased himself to the size of cosmic proportions. With his first step, the Brahmin boy covered the whole of earth and with the other step he covered the whole of the skies. He then asked the King where is the space for him to keep the third foot. King Mahabali with folded hands bowed before Vamana and asked him to place his last step on his head so that he could keep the promise. The brahmin placed his foot on the head of the King and trampled Mahabali to the netherworld. There, the King requested Lord Vishnu to be allowed to visit his land and people once a year, and Vishnu granted him his wish. It is the day of the visit of King Mahabali to Kerala that is celebrated as Onam every year. The origin of Onam is beliefs from the Thrikakkara Vamana Moorthi Temple in Ernakulam district of Kerala.

## Celebration
Elaborate feasts known as sadhya, folk songs, elegant dances, energetic games, elephants, boat race (Vallam Kali) and concentric floral decorations (Athapookkalam) are all part of this dynamic festival. Malayalees make all the efforts to celebrate the festival in a grand way and impress their beloved King that they are happy and to wish him well. People buy new clothes and sweets during the celebration of Onam. Popularity and presentation of rich culture of the state during the festival made Onam the official State Festival of Kerala in 1961.

## Tourism
The government promotes Onam internationally in a big way and celebrates 'Tourist Week' for Kerala during Onam celebrations. Thousands of domestic and foreign tourists visit Kerala to be a part of Onam every year.
Kenny Everett

**Kenny Everett** (25 December 1944 – 4 April 1995) was a British comedian, radio DJ and television entertainer. Born **Maurice James Christopher Cole**, Everett is best known for his career as a radio DJ and for The Kenny Everett Video Show.

## Personal life
Everett married singer Lee 'Lady Lee' Middleton (Billy Fury's former girlfriend) in 1966. By 1979 they had separated. In the mid-1980s, he publicly acknowledged his homosexuality.

Everett was told in 1989 that he had HIV.  He went public with his illness in 1993. He died from an AIDS-related illness in London on 4 April 1995, aged 50.

## Shows presented
The following is a list of the main shows Everett presented.

### Radio
* *Kenny & Cash Show* Radio London – 1964–1965
* *Kenny Everett Show* Radio Luxembourg – 1966
* *Midday Spin* BBC Radio 1 – 1967
* *Everett is Here* BBC Radio 1 Saturdays 10am–12midday – 1968–1970
* *Kenny Everett Show* BBC Local Radio – 1971
* *Kenny Everett Show* BBC Radio 1 Sundays 1–3pm – 1972
* *Breakfast Show* Capital Radio – 1973–1974
* *Kenny Everett Show* Capital Radio – 1974–1980
* *Kenny Everett Show* Radio Victory – 1975–1976
* *Captain Kremmen* Radio Victory – 1976
* *Kenny Everett Show* BBC Radio 2 Saturdays 11am–1pm – 1981–1983
* *Kenny Everett Show* Capital Radio Saturdays 11am–1pm – 1984–1988
* Weekday afternoons Capital Gold 1–4pm – 1988–1991
* Weekday mid-mornings Capital Gold 9am–12midday – 1991–1994

### Television
* *Nice Time* Granada Television – 1968
* *The Kenny Everett Explosion* LWT – 1970
* *The Kenny Everett Video Show* Thames Television – 1978–1980
* *The Kenny Everett Video Cassette* Thames Television – 1981
* *The Kenny Everett Television Show* BBC One – 1981–1988
* *Brainstorm* BBC – 1988
* *Gibberish* BBC – 1992

## Tributes & portrayals
On 18 November 2007, ITV1 broadcast a tribute show to Everett called *Licence To Laugh.* Friends and colleagues said what it was like to know and work with the man they affectionately called "Cuddly Ken". Additionally, current celebrities such as Chris Moyles and Chris Tarrant talked about their love for the outrageous entertainer.  They shared the ways in which Everett had influenced them and their work. It also had archive footage.

In March 2010 the BBC said it was making a 90-minute TV biopic called *Number One in Heaven*.  It was to be written by Tim Whitnall and focus on Everett's unhappiness at secondary school.

In April 2012 the BBC said it was working on a 90-minute TV biopic called *The Best Possible Taste*.  This would focus on the performer's relationship with his ex-wife, singer Lee Middleton.

## References
## Other websites
*
States of Venezuela

Venezuela is divided into 23 states (*estados*), 1 capital district  and the federal dependencies  that consist of a large number of Venezuelan islands. Venezuela also claims the Guayana Esequiba territory which is made up of six districts in the independent nation of Guyana.

## States
Below is a list of the 23 states of Venezuela. The states are listed along with their correspondent emblems, data and location.

## Special status areas
## References
## Other websites
* CityMayors feature
* States of Venezuela
Hande Yener

**Hande Yener** (born January 12, 1973 in Istanbul, Turkey) is a Turkish pop singer. She has introduced different styles to the ever-expanding Turkish pop music scene. Each one of her albums has generated a lot of interest due to the different styles, genres and rhythms. Her looks and image also go through constant change which blends with the sort of music she releases at the time. Hande Yener has a soprano vocal range. She has got thirteen studio albums and three EPs.

## Life and career
Yener was born in Kadıköy, Istanbul. She left school in the second grade and got married.  In the 2000s, she was one of the few artists who had an album that sold over 1 million copies in Turkey. In 2013, she was the Turkish singer whose music videos were viewed the most on YouTube. By the end of the 2000s, she was known as a gay icon inside Turkey, and made some statements demanding the advancement of LGBT rights in Turkey. In the 2000s, she was one of the few artists who had an album that sold over 1 million copies in Turkey. In 2013, she was the Turkish singer whose music videos were viewed the most on YouTube. By the end of the 2000s, she was known as a gay icon inside Turkey, and made some statements demanding the advancement of LGBT rights in Turkey.

## Discography
### Studio albums 
* Senden İbaret (2000) 
* Sen Yoluna... Ben Yoluma... (2002) 
* Aşk Kadın Ruhundan Anlamıyor (2004) 
* Apayrı (2006) 
* Nasıl Delirdim? (2007) 
* Hipnoz (2008) 
* Hayrola? (2009) 
* Hande'ye Neler Oluyor? (2010)
* Teşekkürler (2011)
* Kraliçe (2012)
* Mükemmel (2014)
* Hepsi Hit Vol. 1 (2016)
* Hepsi Hit Vol. 2 (2017)

### EPs 
* Extra (2001)
* Hande Maxi (2006)
* Hande'yle Yaz Bitmez (2010)

### Shared albums 
* Rüya (2012)

## References
## Other websites 
* 
* Hande Yener on Spotify
*
Lily Tomlin

**Mary Jean "Lily" Tomlin** (born September 1, 1939) is an American actress, writer and a comedian. She has had a large effect on American comedy since the late 1960s. Her career has involved movies, Broadway stage acts and television. She has won many awards, including an Emmy, a Grammy and a Tony Award. Tomlin was born in Detroit, Michigan. She is openly lesbian and has been with her partner Jane Wagner for over 40 years.

## References
## Other websites
*Official website
*
List of largest lakes of Europe

This is a **list of lakes of Europe** with an average area greater than 100&nbsp;km². Some smaller lakes may be missing from the list.

Column 1 is the overall ranking.  Column 2 is the rank in the sub-region using the map to the right.

## List
Screen Two

***Screen Two*** is a British television anthology drama series. It was produced by the BBC and transmitted on BBC2 between 1985 to 1994. 
 
It was developed by producer Kenith Trodd.  It was popular enough with viewers for a BBC1 equivalent, *Screen One*, which was launched in 1989.

However, the mid-1990s saw a change for BBC drama.  They went away from single dramas toward drama series and serials. *Screen One* ended in 1993 and *Screen Two* in 1994. Movies from both strands are occasionally repeated on BBC Four.

## Other websites
*
Cluedo (game show)

***Cluedo*** was a UK television game show.  It was based on the Cluedo board game. Each week, a reenactment of the murder of a visiting guest at the home Arlington Grange was played. Questions would be asked of the suspects.  Only the murderer could lie.  Using deduction, celebrity guests had to discover who committed the murder, which of six weapons was used and in which room it was committed. Viewers were invited to play along at home.

The show's six suspects were the original from the board game. The show's six weapons were different between episodes. The show's six rooms were: the Drawing Room, the Kitchen, the Dining Room, the Billiard Room, the Library and the Study.

## Cast
## Other websites
**Cluedo*  at BFI
*
Danger triangle of the face

The **danger triangle of the face** is a triangle with two corners at both corners of the mouth and one corner in the middle of the nose between the eyes. The way the blood flows to the human nose is special, so it is possible (but very unlikely) for infections to spread directly to the brain from a cut, scratch or a popped pimple.

Almost all people have valves in the veins of the face. But even with one-way valves, blood flow between the facial vein and cavernous sinus can spread infection from the face. It is the direction of blood flow that is important. Infection may possibly lead to cavernous sinus thrombosis, meningitis or brain abscess.

## References 
## Other websites
* 
*
The Duchess (movie)

***The Duchess*** is a 2008 drama movie directed by Saul Dibb. It is about the 18th-century English noblewoman Georgiana Cavendish, Duchess of Devonshire. It stars actors Keira Knightley and Ralph Fiennes. The movie was based on a book by Amanda Foreman.

The costume designer Michael O'Connor was nominated for, and won the Academy Award for Best Costume Design, the BAFTA Award for Best Costume Design and the Satellite Award for Best Costume Design.

## References
## Other websites 
* 
*
Notepad++

**Notepad++** is a text editor and source code editor for Microsoft Windows.

Notepad++ is distributed as free software and licensed under the GNU General Public License.
## Usage in China
In 2020, Notepad++ was banned by China. This is because the developers protested about Hong Kong and Uyghur affairs.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Official website
Hyperland

***Hyperland*** is a 50-minute long documentary movie about hypertext and surrounding technologies. It was written by Douglas Adams and produced and directed by Max Whitby. It ran on BBC Two in 1990. It stars Douglas Adams as a computer user and Tom Baker as a personification of a software agent.

In the show Adams has a dream where he is browsing through various media. While Adams is browsing, many people and projects related to the general theme of hypertext and multimedia are presented:

* Vannevar Bush and his Memex concept
* Ted Nelson explains hypertext and Project Xanadu.
* Hans Peter Brøndmo talks about the idea of animated icons.
* Robert Winter talks about an interactive version of Beethoven's 9th Symphony.
* An idea from Kurt Vonnegut's book *Palm Sunday* is presented: stories and narrative structures have shapes that can be represented mathematically as graphs.
* Robert Abel shows his multimedia version of Picasso's *Guernica*.
* Apple Multimedia Lab employees Steve Gano, Kristee Kreitman, Kristina Hooper, Michael Naimark and Fabrice Florin talk about a multimedia version of Life Story, a BBC TV movie dramatisation of the 1953 discovery of the structure of DNA.
* Amanda Goodenough presents *Inigo Gets Out*, an interactive story for children using Hypercard.
* Brad deGraf and Michael Wahrman talk about their digital puppet *Mike Normal*.
* A NASA Ames Research Center scientist presents a prototype Virtual Reality helmet  called *Cyberiad*.
* Marc Canter makes a cameo  (non-)appearance as an animated icon that is not "clicked" by Adams; the audience never gets to see his interview.

The dream (and the documentary) ends with a vision of how information might be accessed in 2005. *Hyperland* does describe a number of features of the modern web. This is especially noteworthy because it predates the public release of the first Web browser by about a year.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Douglas Adams Homepage about *Hyperland*
* An excerpt from the documentary featuring Ted Nelson
*
The Imaginatively Titled Punt & Dennis Show

***The Imaginatively Titled Punt & Dennis Show*** is a British stand-up and sketch show by comedians Steve Punt and Hugh Dennis. There are two series: the first was shown in 1994; the second in 1995.

Alistair McGowan and Ronni Ancona were among the regular guests on the show. It only ran for two series. The second was more simply titled *Punt and Dennis*.

There were several character inventions in the sketches.  Some of these were "The Gullibles", who were always falling for scams, as well as a number of Punt and Dennis's characters from *The Mary Whitehouse Experience*, such as the milk-obsessed "Mr Strange". There were also spoofs from TV programs such as *Baywatch* and *The X-Files*.

The second series also had performances by tribute bands.  They impersonated bands including The Beatles and The Rolling Stones.