open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Casino (movie)

***Casino*** is a 1995 American epic crime drama movie starring Robert De Niro, Sharon Stone, and Joe Pesci. It was directed by Martin Scorsese. It is set in the 1970s and 1980s. and based around criminals and gambling. The movie was released on November 22, 1995 in the United States. The movie is 178 minutes long. It is rated R. and like many movies set in the 1970s, has some anachronisms.

## Other websites 
*
Carlo Bergonzi

**Carlo Bergonzi** (July 13, 1924 – 25 July 2014) was an Italian tenor. He performed in Italian operas, especially in the works of Giuseppe Verdi. He was noted for his very good musical skills and style.

## Life and career
Bergonzi was born in Vidalenzo, near Parma, Italy. He studied in Parma with Grandini. His first performance was in 1948 in Lecce, as Figaro in *Il Barbiere di Siviglia*. For that, he sang as a baritone. After more studies, he retrained himself as a tenor. His first performance as a tenor was in 1951 in *Bari*, as Andrea Chenier. That same year, on the 100th anniversary of  Verdi's death, he sang on Italian radio in several Verdi works, such as *I Due Foscari*, ''Giovanna d'Arco*, *Simon Boccanegra'', etc.

He first sang at La Scala in Milan in 1953, at the Chicago Lyric Opera in 1955, the Metropolitan Opera in New York in 1956, and the Royal Opera House in London in 1962. 

He sung most of the leading roles in Italian opera, notably Nemorino, Edgardo, Ernani, Macduff, Duke of Mantua, Alfredo, Riccardo, Alvaro, Carlo, Radames, Enzo, Turriddu, des Grieux, Rodolfo, Cavaradossi, Pinkerton, etc. He made many recordings, notably a recording of Verdi's complete tenor arias. This remains a unique achievement.

He died in Milan.

## References
## Sources
* *The Metropolitan Opera Encyclopedia*, edited by David Hamilton, Simon & Schuster, 1987.
Casino

, a popular casino on the Las Vegas Strip]]
**Casinos** are places for gambling. 

Gambling has been a part of human history for a very long time. It seems that in every society, even in ancient times, people have enjoyed games that involve luck. Famous places and times in history, like Ancient Mesopotamia, the time of the Greeks and Romans, and the eras of Napoleon in France and Queen Elizabeth in England, are known to have had gambling.

The first known place in Europe that was like a modern casino was called the Ridotto. It opened in Venice, Italy, in 1638. The government started it to control gambling, especially during the festive carnival season. It was closed in 1774 because it was thought to be causing financial problems for the wealthy people of the city.

In the United States, early places for gambling were called saloons. These saloons were important in cities like New Orleans, St. Louis, Chicago, and San Francisco. In saloons, people could meet to talk, have a drink, and gamble. For a while, gambling was illegal in the US, but in 1931, Nevada made it legal again. This is where America's first legal casinos started. Later, in 1976, New Jersey also allowed gambling, making Atlantic City a major gambling destination.

There are lots of casinos in the US state of Nevada and especially next to the area of Las Vegas called the "Strip". Other places famous for their casinos are Monte Carlo in Monaco and Macau in China.

## Regulations
In Mexico, gambling is regulated by the Gaming Regulations. These regulate all gambling games and are governed by the law. The National Lottery is ruled by its own regulations.

Gambling in Canada is regulated on the Federal level by the Criminal Code of Canada whose Section 201-207 gives the laws relating to betting and gambling.

No-verification casinos let players sign up with minimal information, often just an email. While they offer quick and easy access, they lack stringent identity checks, posing risks like reduced player protection and potential payment issues.

## Types
In most casinos, gambling halls are divided into two types: a hall of traditional games and games rooms. Games that have gained the most popularity in casinos around the world: roulette, blackjack, poker, baccarat, punto-banko, craps, slot machines etc.

In 1994 the internet brought forth the web's first online casino named the Gaming Club. It was developed by Micro gaming software and is still operating with active players today. Microgaming became one of the internet casino industry's largest providers of online gambling software early on. Internet casinos are currently legal and regulated in the United Kingdom and some parts of the United States.

## References
2006 Chicago Bears–Arizona Cardinals game

The **2006 Chicago Bears–Arizona Cardinals game** was a football game between the Chicago Bears and Arizona Cardinals in 2006. The game was on TV on Monday Night Football. The game took place in University of Phoenix Stadium on October 16, 2006. The Bears beat the Cardinals 24-23 after they were losing by 20 points. Bears quarterback Rex Grossman had his throws intercepted by the Cardinals defense 4 times. Despite this issue, the Bears were able to get away and won in the second half of the game. The game became famous after Cardinals coach Dennis Green became very angry in an interview with reporters, and is one of the best comebacks in NFL history.

## The Game
The Cardinals started off strong, as Matt Leinart threw 2 touchdown passes. Rex Grossman wasn't as good, since the defense took the ball away from him 6 times. The Bears game back in the 3rd quarter, as kicker Robbie Gould scored the Bears first points. The Bears defense scored twice, and the Bears went ahead after rookie Devin Hester scored the game-winning touchdown on an 83-yard punt return. The Cardinals tried to come back, but their kicker Neil Rackers missed the game-winning kick.

## Dennis Green
The game reached a new level in fame for the after game interview. The calm Cardinals coach Dennis Green started yelling and complaining with bad words in the interview, and also hitting the microphone. The interview became part of a beer commercial the year later.

## After the game
After the game ended, the Bears went 13-3 and went to Super Bowl XLI. They lost to the Indianapolis Colts 29-17. Grossman was later released and became part of the Houston Texans and Washington Redskins.

The Cardinals went 5-11, and Green was fired and Ken Whisenhunt became the new coach, and led Arizona to Super Bowl XLIII, and they lost to the Pittsburgh Steelers 27-23. Leinart then was released 2 years later and joined the Texans, and is still with the team as of the 2012 NFL season.

## References
## Other websites
* NFL.com Report
* ESPN Report
Peyton Place (1957 movie)

in the movie trailer]]
***Peyton Place*** is a 1957 movie. It was based on a 1956 novel of the same name by Grace Metalious. It was directed by Mark Robson. The movie stars Lana Turner, Diane Varsi, Russ Tamblyn, Lee Phillips, Hope Lange, and Arthur Kennedy. Critics felt the most salacious bits in the novel had been laundered for the movie. The movie received nine Oscar nominations but won none. The movie did poorly at the box office until Lana Turner's daughter shot her mother's lover Johnny Stompanato to death. The press coverage of the investigation boosted ticket sales by 32%. The movie became the second highest money-making movie of the year.
A Summer Place (movie)

***A Summer Place*** is a 1959 romantic drama movie. It is based on the novel of the same name by Sloan Wilson. It was directed by Delmer Daves. It stars Richard Egan, Dorothy McGuire, Troy Donahue, Sandra Dee, Arthur Kennedy, and Constance Ford. The movie's instrumental theme, composed by Max Steiner, became a hit.

## Story 
Ken (Egan) and Sylvia (McGuire), who were once teen lovers, run into each other by chance at a resort in Maine. Ken's wife is cold, and Sylvia's husband drinks too much. Ken and Sylvia renew their past romance. At the resort, Sylvia's son Johnny (Donahue) and Ken's daughter Molly (Dee) also fall in love. Ken and Sylvia decide to leave their spouses and get married. When Molly becomes pregnant, Johnny and Molly ask their parents for permission.
List of Thespakusatsu Gunma players

The **List of Thespa Kusatsu players** is .  The history of the team is created by its players.

Thespa Kusatsu is a Japanese professional football club in Gunma Prefecture.

## List
:*This list is not finished; you can help Wikipedia by adding to it.*
* Choi Sung-Yong
* Satoshi Tokizawa
* Ryoji Ujihara

## Related pages 
* Sports in Japan
* List of Japanese football teams

## References 
## Other websites
* Thespa Kusatsu website 
* J.League Club Guide
David Oaks

**David William Oaks** (born September 16, 1955, Chicago, Illinois) is a civil rights activist and founder and former executive director of Eugene, Oregon-based MindFreedom International. The organization includes psychiatric survivors and dissident psychiatrists who reject what they say is the "domination" by the biomedical model that defines contemporary psychiatry. 
Oaks says that the psychiatric drugs that patients take have harmful side effects, and people can often recover without them.

## Biography
In the 1970s, David Oaks was a student at Harvard University. He was diagnosed as having schizophrenia. He was hospitalized in an institution and forcibly treated with medications. He recovered, he says, by rejecting drugs and getting support from family and friends. Oaks says he "maintains his mental health with exercise, diet, peer counseling and wilderness trips — strategies that are well outside the mainstream thinking of psychiatrists and many patients".

Oaks is on the board of directors for the United States International Council on Disability.

## Awards
*Lane Independent Living Alliance award in 2011.
*Utne Reader magazine named Oaks as one of "50 Visionaries" for 2009.
*Barrier Awareness Day 2003 Leadership Award.
*2002 Distinguished Achievement Award from the International Center for the Study of Psychiatry and Psychology.
*Project Censored award 2000.
*1994 David J. Vail National Advocacy Award by National Mental Health Association of Minnesota.

## Selected Articles
* Oaks, David W. (2007). ‘MindFreedom International: Activism for Human Rights as the Basis for a Nonviolent Revolution in the Mental Health System’. In Peter Stastny & Peter Lehmann (Eds.), *Alternatives Beyond Psychiatry* (pp.&nbsp;328–336). Berlin / Eugene / Shrewsbury: Peter Lehmann Publishing.  (UK),  (USA).
* Oaks, David W. (2007). ‘MindFreedom International &#150; Engagement für Menschenrechte als Grundlage einer gewaltfreien Revolution im psychosozialen System’. In Peter Lehmann & Peter Stastny (Eds.), *Statt Psychiatrie 2* (pp.&nbsp;344–352). Berlin / Eugene / Shrewsbury: Antipsychiatrieverlag. .
* Oaks, David W. (1993). 'Antipsychiatrie und Politik – 20 Jahre Widerstand in den USA' (pp.&nbsp;443–448). In Kerstin Kempker & Peter Lehmann (Eds.), *Statt Psychiatrie*. Berlin: Antipsychiatrieverlag. .

## References
## Other websites
*book The moral imperative for dialogue with organizations of survivors of coerced psychiatric human rights violations
*MindFreedom International homepage
MindFreedom International

**MindFreedom International** is an international coalition of over one hundred groups and thousands of individual members from fourteen nations. Based in the USA, it was founded in 1990 to protest against forced medication, medical restraints, and involuntary electroconvulsive therapy in psychiatry. It protects the rights of people who have been labeled with psychiatric disorders. MindFreedom has been recognized by the United Nations Economic and Social Council as a human rights NGO. David Oaks is the founder and executive director of MindFreedom International.

## References
## Other websites and References
* MindFreedom.org - MindFreedom International homepage
* Utne.com  - "Freeing Your Mind", Keith Goetzman, *Utne* (May/June, 2006)
* PsychiatryOnline.org - 'Evolution of the Antipsychiatry Movement Into Mental Health Consumerism', *Psychiatric Services*, Rissmiller and Rissmiller, 57 (6): 863 (2006)
* IndyStar.com - 'Eli Lilly to bolster Zyprexa warning', John Russell, *Indianapolis Star* (October 6, 2007)
* RegisterGuard.com - 'Rights group up against Eli Lilly', Susan Palmer, *The Register Guard*, (January 15, 2007)
* Oaks, David W. (2007). ‘MindFreedom International: Activism for Human Rights as the Basis for a Nonviolent Revolution in the Mental Health System’. In Peter Stastny & Peter Lehmann (Eds.), *Alternatives Beyond Psychiatry* (pp.&nbsp;328–336). Berlin / Eugene / Shrewsbury: Peter Lehmann Publishing.  (UK),  (USA).
* Oaks, David W. (2007). ‘MindFreedom International &#150; Engagement für Menschenrechte als Grundlage einer gewaltfreien Revolution im psychosozialen System’. In Peter Lehmann & Peter Stastny (Eds.), *Statt Psychiatrie 2* (pp.&nbsp;344–352). Berlin / Eugene / Shrewsbury: Antipsychiatrieverlag. .
Hines Ward

**Hines E. Ward Jr.** (born March 8, 1976) is a former American football wide receiver in the National Football League (NFL). He played for the Pittsburgh Steelers for fourteen seasons after being drafted in the third round of the 1998 NFL Draft, becoming the team's all-time leader in receptions, receiving yardage and touchdown receptions. Ward was voted MVP of Super Bowl XL and upon retirement was one of only eight NFL players to have 1,000 or more career receptions. He played college football at the University of Georgia.

## College career
Ward played college football for the University of Georgia Bulldogs from 1994 to 1997. Ward's 149 career catches for 1,965 yards placed him second in team history. He also played tailback and totaled 3,870 all-purpose yards, second only to Herschel Walker in Bulldogs history, and even played some quarterback. Ward wore #19 in college.

## Professional career
### Pittsburgh Steelers
 in 2006.]]

Ward won the Super Bowl twice in Pittsburgh. He was even the MVP of Super Bowl XL, in which Ward caught a touchdown from fellow wideout Antwaan Randle El. Ward is known for, not only his great receiving skills, but his hard blocks (some call them illegal, Ward was even voted the "NFL's Dirtiest Player") and signature toothy smile. In fourteen seasons with the Pittsburgh Steelers, Ward also became their all-time leading receiver. Ward also served as a mentor to several younger Steelers wideouts, including Mike Wallace, Antonio Brown, and Santonio Holmes.
Ward's play became worse late in his career, and so he was released by the Steelers before retiring.

## Personal
Ward was born in Seoul, South Korea, but grew up in the Atlanta area. He made an appearance on Dancing with the Stars with Kym Johnson, even winning. Ward also has not had many major legal issues, except for a DUI in 2011 and those chargers were dropped. However, Ward pleaded guilty to *reckless driving*.

## References
* Hines Ward retires-ESPN
* Ward and Kym Johnson win Dancing with the Stars
* Ward's DUI dropped, please guilty to reckless driving
* Ward voted NFL's dirtiest player-Sports Illustrated 
* Remember when Hines Ward led the Georgia Bulldogs in passing?

## Other websites
* Official site
1950 Assam–Tibet earthquake

The **Asssam-Tibet earthquake**, also called the **Assam earthquake**, It is also the biggest earthquake on record that was not caused by an oceanic subduction. Instead, it was caused by two continental plates converging (crashing together).

## References
Marbles (game)

]]

**Marbles** is a game played with small, round glass balls called marbles. 
 
The balls vary in size. Usually they are about 1/2 inch to 1 inch (1.3 to 2.6&nbsp;cm) in diameter, but they may range from less than 1/30 inch (0.111&nbsp;cm) to over 3&nbsp;inches (7.75&nbsp;cm).

As the photographs show, the little glass balls can be most attractive, and they are often  by children. In the North of England the objects and the game are sometimes called 'taws'.

The games has been played in many countries, but the rules are made up by the players, and there are many variations. One standard idea is to have a target marble. Players flick their marbles with their thumbnail, and try to hit the target. Another version is where players try to hit each other's marbles out of a target zone.

Marbles were found in the ancient civilisations of Mohenjo-daro, Ancient Egypt and Rome.

## Tinsley Green 
Marbles has been played in Tinsley Green, West Sussex, England for many centuries: *TIME* magazine traces its origins to 1588.

The British and World Marbles Championship have been held at Tinsley Green every year since 1932. The first championship in 1932 was won by a team from the Black Horse public house in nearby Charlwood.

Traditionally, the marbles-playing season started on Ash Wednesday and lasted until midday on Good Friday: it was thought playing after that brought bad luck. Often, local teams from Crawley, Copthorne and other Sussex and Surrey villages also take part.

## References 
## More reading
*
Chilean Communist Party (Proletarian Action)

The **Chilean Communist Party (Proletarian Action)** (Spanish: *Partido Comunista Chileno (Acción Proletaria) PC(AP)*) is a non-registered hard-line communist political party in Chile. It was founded in November 8, 1979 and its first secretary is Eduardo Artés.

## Ideology 
The party believes in classical Marxism–Leninism. The party is highly critical of the more known Communist Party of Chile and its moderate views.

## Representation 
The party has no parliamentary representation due to their non-registered status.

## Other websites 
*PC(AP) Official website
Marble (toy)

A **marble** is a small toy often made from glass, clay, steel, plastic, or agate. They have different sizes. Most often, they are about  in diameter, but they may be less than  to over , while some glass marbles for art are over  wide. Marbles can be used for games called marbles. They are often collected, both for fun and for their colors. In the North of England, the toys and the game are called "taws", with larger taws being called *bottle washers* after the use of a marble in Codd-neck bottles, which were often found for play. These toys can be used to make marble runs, a form of art, or they can be used in marble races, a kind of race using marbles.
Love Finds Andy Hardy

***Love Finds Andy Hardy*** is a 1938 romantic comedy movie. It tells the story of a teenage boy who becomes mixed up romantically with three girls all at the same time. It stars Mickey Rooney, Judy Garland, and Lana Turner. The movie was directed by George B. Seitz. The movie was based on stories by Vivien R. Bretherton, and on characters created by Aurania Rouverol.

In 2000, *Love Finds Andy Hardy* was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant".
Mirin

is a common ingredient (or stuff) in Japanese cooking.

The term "Mirin" is a general name that resembles a close taste for cooking purpose. But there are two types. One is a traditional type called "本みりん", which was developed a hundred years ago. It is produced almost all from rice,  kōji and alcohol. During brewing process, about 14 % of alcohol is included, so that it protects mirin from going bad or spoiling. Sweetness comes from its brewing process. 

The other is a fake of 本みりん, often called "みりん風調味料", which hardly contains alcohol and adds sugar and broth instead. It is 40%–50% sugar. Thus, new type is usually sold much cheaper in market. This kind of Mirin contain less  alcohol.But usually it is boiled enough to take alcohl away in cooking.

Mirin is used in teriyaki sauce, too.Mirin is popular and widely used for Japanese dishes.

## References
*〈シ リーズ ・醸造 の基本技術 〉み りん(1) by Japan Science and Technology Agency
*日本調理科学会誌 Vol. 42，No. 1，44～48（2009）み り ん by Japan Science and Technology Agency
----
Toby Bourke

**Toby Bourke** (7 February 1965) is an Irish singer and songwriter. He was brought up in London where he was a key figure in London’s Irish rock scene for twenty years.
He has recorded three albums, two in-studio and one live, and currently has a fourth in production. *Blood Sweat and Tears* was recorded live at The Swan in Stockwell, London in 1992. In 1996 he was signed by George Michael for his Aegean label. He recorded a duet with Michael called "Waltz Away Dreaming" in 1997. The song was a top 10 hit, but the Aegean label folded soon after. "Waltz Away Dreaming" was included on Bourke’s next album *Room 21*. 

He continues to write and record from his base in Ireland where he lives with his wife and children. Toby Bourke is rumoured to be planning a tour for later in 2012. He is also rumoured to be writing a humorous, novel form account of his time in the music business.

## References
ZDF

**Zweites Deutsches Fernsehen** () is the second public broadcasting coorparation that was founded in Germany. The head office is in the city of Mainz. The service is also available for free in high definition. For H20 Mermaid Adventures

## Famous TV programmes 
Famous TV programmes of the ZDF are:
* Aktenzeichen XY ungelöst
* The news show "heute" which also includes "heute journal", "heute nacht", "heute am mittag", "heute in europa" and "heute in deutschland".

## Other TV broadcasting services 
Other TV broadcasting services of]
\* ZDF neo (digital service, which is also available in hd)
* ZDF kultur (closed, replaced by Funk a collaborative of ARD / ZDF)
* 3sat (International service of ARD, ZDF, ORF and SF, which is also available in hd)
* Arte (International service of ARD, ZDF and France Télévisions, which is also available in hd)
* Phoenix (news and politics service of ARD and ZDF, which is also available in hd))
* KIKA (television service for children, which is also available in hd)
Joachim Gauck

**Joachim Gauck** (24 January 1940) is a German politician and former Lutheran pastor. From 2012 to 2017, Gauck was the eleventh President of Germany after the Second World War. Gauck was elected with 991 votes of 1,232 voting people.

## References
International Bear Brotherhood Flag

The **International Bear Brotherhood Flag** is a flag representing the international bear community. The design was probably inspired by the Gay Rainbow Flag and the Leather Pride Flag. The colors represent all the "fur colors and nationalities around the world." The flag was trademarked in 1995. It has been heavily marketed. It appears on tee shirts, baseball caps, license plates, and other items. Two bear flags preceded the International Bear Brotherhood Flag. A flag created by the Front Range Bears was introduced in 1992. It appeared in pride parades in Denver, San Francisco, and the 1993 March on Washington, DC. Colors used for the five diagonally placed stripes were gold, grey, brown, white, and black. Another bear flag was produced in Seattle. It is not seen outside the Northwest. It too uses diagonal stripes.

## References
BEAR Magazine

***BEAR Magazine*** is an American magazine. It is directed to gay or bisexual men who are (or who like) hairy and heavy-set men called "bears" in gay slang. It was first published in San Francisco, California in 1987 by Richard Bulger and his partner photographer Chris Nelson. It was marketed to the bear community within the larger LGBT community.

## References
Graham Greene

**Henry Graham Greene**  (2 October 1904 – 3 April 1991) was a British writer.

Greene was born in Berkhamsted, Hertfordshire. His family was wealthy and had owned slave plantations in Montserrat and St. Kitts. He graduated with a second-class degree from Balliol College, Oxford. He was a journalist before he became a novelist.

Greene wrote novels, autobiographies, travel books, plays, screenplays, short stories and children's books. His Catholicism influenced his work.

Greene had bipolar disorder. He died of leukaemia in Vevey, Switzerland.

## References 
## Other websites 
*
Mike Wallace (American football)

**Burnell Micheal "Mike" Wallace III** (born August 1, 1986 in New Orleans, Louisiana) is an American football player. He plays as a wide receiver for the Pittsburgh Steelers of the National Football League. He was drafted by the Steelers in the third round of the 2009 NFL Draft. He played college football at Mississippi. Wallace had success while playing, and was a useful deep threat.

## References
Leather pride flag

The **Leather Pride Flag** is a symbol that has been used by the leather subculture since the 1990s. It was designed by Tony DeBlase in 1989. 
The design was presented at the International Mr. Leather event in Chicago, Illinois, on May 28, 1989. Initial reaction to the flag was mixed. According to DeBlase's article *A Leather Pride Flag*, "Some, particularly on the east coast, reacted positively to the concept, but were quite concerned, some even offended, that I had not involved the community in helping to create the design." DeBlase gave this explanation of the design: "The flag is composed of nine horizontal stripes of equal width. From the top and from the bottom, the stripes alternate black and royal blue. The central stripe is white. In the upper left quadrant of the flag is a large red heart. I will leave it to the viewer to interpret the colors and symbols."

## References
The Natural Bears Classification System

**The Natural Bears Classification System** (NBCS) is a set of symbols using letters, numbers, and other characters commonly found on modern, Western computer keyboards. It is used by gay and bisexual men who self-identify as "bears". These codes are used in email, Usenet, and Internet forum postings to identify the physical type and preferences of the poster. The code was developed by Bob Donahue and Jeff Stoner. The NBCS is also called the "bear code". 

An example of the bear code is "B4 s- m g++ w d+c t+ f+ k+ r e+(+?)". The translation (in no particular order) is: "Reasonably thick beard, cub tendencies, definite Daddy, (endowment) gets attention, above average fur, loves groping/pawing/touching, (Kinkiness) loves most things, (Muscle) some definition/Blue collar, spends some time outdoors, (sex) plays under special circumstances, tall, bear with a tummy".

## References
Antwaan Randle El

**Antwaan Randle El** (born August 17, 1979) is an American football wide receiver, who is currently a free agent. He went to Indiana University, after turning down a Major League Baseball draft selection by the Chicago Cubs in 1997. At Indiana, he mainly played college football for the Indiana Hoosiers, as well as basketball and baseball. 

## College career
Randle El played college football for Indiana.

## Professional career
In the National Football League, Randle El was mostly known for his two stints with the Pittsburgh Steelers. He also played for the Washington Redskins. In a Super Bowl XL win with the Steelers, Randle El threw a touchdown pass to fellow wide receiver Hines Ward. Ward left Pittsburgh that next year to play with the Redskins, where he was mostly used as a returner. Randle El played for the Steelers again in 2009. He is now a free agent.

## Personal
Randle El's younger brother, Marcus, was a wide receiver and kick returner for the University of Wisconsin, while his older brother Curtis was a defensive back at Indiana University. Antwaan is married to Jaune. The couple has four children: Eden, Aunnna, Arynn and Alexa. Randle El has a child, Ciara, with college girlfriend Tashia.  Randle El also co-hosted *Redskins Gameday* on WTTG in 2007. Randle El has sometimes been a commentator, and is a Christian.

## References
* Steelers resign Clark, bring back Randle El
* Redskins add Randle El to receiving corps-ESPN

## Other websites
* Washington Redskins bio 
* ESPN Profile
Celebrity Deathmatch

***Celebrity Deathmatch*** is an adult stop-motion animated claymation television series that aired on MTV between May 14, 1998 and March 30, 2007. Numerous celebrities were featured on CDM made with clay, including though not limited to Barbra Streisand, Cher, Ice-T, Katie Couric and Sharon Stone where they would fight to the death. It was hosted by Johnny Gomez and Nick Diamond. In the ring was wrestler turned judge Mills Lane (although the real Mills Lane had a stroke in 2002, and the voice of Mills on Deathmatch was done by someone else thereafter); furthermore, Stone Cold Steve Austin was a featured guest host for the show. Other hosts included Stacey Cornbred (though she died in an explosion) and Debbie Matenopolous (for whom Nick represented strong contempt).

## References
## Other websites
* 
* 
*
International Mr. Leather

]]
**International Mr. Leather** (IML) is an international contest for men. It was founded by lovers and business partners Chuck Renslow and Dom Orejudos in 1979. It is held annually in Chicago, Illinois. The event spans several days. 

In addition to the contest, the event features workshops, socials, themed dance parties, and a leather market. In 2007, 53 contestants competed from 23 states and 4 foreign countries. 1,800 spectators packed the Chicago Theatre. IML contestants must either be the winner of a bar, local, or regional leather contest or be sponsored by a leather bar, business, club, or organization. A panel of nine judges selects the winner. 

## References
Jay Cutler

**Jay Christopher Cutler** is an American football quarterback for the Chicago Bears of the National Football League. He went to Heritage Hills High School, where he also played safety, and led his team to the IHSAA Football Finals. He played for the Vanderbilt Commodores football team during his college days, with his final play being a touchdown throw to future Bears teammate Earl Bennett. He formerly played for the Denver Broncos, who drafted him in the first round of the 2006 NFL Draft. Cutler was traded to Chicago for Kyle Orton and a first-round pick in 2009. Cutler was named to the Pro Bowl in 2008. In 2010, after the Bears' loss to the Green Bay Packers in the Conference Championship, people criticized Cutler, calling him a quitter after he hurt his knee. In 2012, Cutler was reunited with Brandon Marshall, who played with him in Denver, as well as Jeremy Bates, who was his quarterbacks coach in Denver. Cutler was also a Bears fan during his youth.

## References
## Other websites
* Jay Cutler Website 
* Chicago Bears Bio on Cutler
Seven trumpets

**Seven trumpets** are sounded, one at a time, to cue apocalyptic events that were seen in the vision of the Revelation of Jesus, by Jonh, as written in the Book of Revelation of the New Testament. The seven trumpets are sounded by seven angels and the events that follow are described in detail from Revelation Chapters 8 to 11. According to Revelation 8:1-2, the angels sound these trumpets after the breaking of the seventh seal. These seals secured the apocalyptic document, that was in the right hand of God.

## Related pages
*Book of Revelation

## References
8 Mile: Music from and Inspired by the Motion Picture

***8 Mile: Music from and Inspired by the Motion Picture*** is the soundtrack for the movie *8 Mile*. It has songs by Tupac Shakur, 50 Cent, Wu-Tang Clan and Eminem. The soundtrack was released in October 2002.

## Songs from 8 Mile
## References
There's Something About Mary

'''''There's Something about Mary''''' is a 1998 American comedy movie. It stars Ben Stiller, Matt Dillon and Cameron Diaz and its subject is dysfunctional relationships. It was directed by Farrelly brothers. Its comedy is a combination of romance and gross-out. It is set in Rhode Island and Miami, Florida.

## Other websites 
*
Seong Hon

**Seong Hon** (June 25, 1535 – June 6, 1598) was a Neo-Confucian scholar, politician, and soldier of the Joseon Dynasty. He was a leader of the West Man party. His pen names were Ugye (우계, 牛溪) and Mukam (묵암, 默巖).

## Works 
* Ugaejip (우계집, 牛溪集) 
* Jumunjigyeol (주문지결, 朱門旨訣) 
* Uihakjibang (위학지방, 爲學之方)

## Related pages 
* Yi I
* Song Ikpil
* Kim Jang-saeng

## Other websites 
* Seong Hon 
* Seong Hon:Korean historical person information
Jo Gwang-jo

**Jo Gwang-jo** (1482 - 1519) was a Neo-Confucian scholar, politician, and soldier of the Korean Joseon Dynasty. His pen name was Jeongam (靜庵, 정암). His style name was Hyojik (孝直, 효직). He was a leader of the Sarim party (士林, 사림).

## Books 
* Jeongamjip (정암집, 靜庵集)

## Related pages 
* Sarim
* Gimyosahwa
* Kim Jong-jik

## Other websites 
* Jo Gwang-jo 
* Jo Gwang-jo:Navercast
Voiced bilabial trill

The **voiced bilabial trill** is a consonant. It is used in some spoken languages. The letter for this sound in the International Phonetic Alphabet is ⟨⟩. The X-SAMPA symbol for this sound is B\.

In many of the languages that contain the voiced bilabial trill, it only occurs as part of a prenasalised bilabial stop with trilled release, . This developed historically from a prenasalized stop before a relatively high back vowel, such as . In such instances, these sounds are usually still limited to the environment of a following .

## Features
Features of the bilabial trill:
 In most instances, it is only found as the trilled release of a prenasalized stop.

## Examples 
## References
## Other websites
*Oro Win recordings
Voiced alveolar trill

The **voiced alveolar trill** is a type of consonant. It is found in some spoken languages. It is usually called the **rolled R**, **rolling R**, or **trilled R**. The International Phonetic Alphabet letter for this sound is ⟨⟩. The X-SAMPA symbol for this sound is r.

Dictionaries of languages like English and German sometimes use the symbol ⟨⟩. They have rhotic consonants that are not an alveolar trill. This is because typing the letter *r* is easier.

In many Indo-European languages, this sound is sometimes an allophone of the alveolar tap . This happens especially in unstressed syllables. Some languages like Catalan, Spanish, Albanian and some Portuguese treat these as two different sounds.

## Features
## Examples
## References
Lon Chaney

**Lon Chaney** (April 1, 1883 – August 26, 1930) was an American actor during the age of silent movies.  He is said to be one of the most best actors of early movies. He was well known for his playing tortured, often grotesque and afflicted characters. He was famous for his artistry with makeup. Chaney is remembered for starring in silent horror movies. These include *The Hunchback of Notre Dame* and *The Phantom of the Opera*. His ability to change himself using makeup techniques which he created earned him the nickname "The Man of a Thousand Faces."

## Cultural references
*In the 1970s *The Scooby-Doo Movies* episode "The Exteriminator", the eccentric actor/master of disguise Lorn Chumley is a tribute to Lon Chaney.

## References
Twink

**Twink** is a gay slang term. It describes a young or young-looking gay man in the 18–25 age range. While traditionally associated with a slender build and minimal body or facial hair, twinks can have varying levels of hair. The term is sometimes used in a derogatory and pejorative manner by bears.

The twink's  is the Hostess Twinkie, a golden-colored, phallic-shaped, cream-filled snack cake thought to have little nutritional value.  Qualifiers such as *muscle* or *femme* have narrowed the meaning of twink to a more specific type.
 
## References
Deborah Kerr

**Deborah Kerr** CBE (30 September 1921 – 16 October 2007) was a British actress. She was born Deborah Jane Kerr-Trimmer in Glasgow, Scotland. She won a Golden Globe Award for Best Actress for her starring role as Anna Leonowens in *The King and I*. 

Kerr died of Parkinson's disease in Botesdale, Suffolk.

## Other websites 
*
Kashihara, Nara

is a Japanese city in Nara Prefecture on the island of Honshū.

## History
According to legend, Emperor Jimmu was enthroned at Kahihara.

Fujiwara-kyō was the ancient capital of Japan from the year 694 to 710.

The modern city was established in 1956.

Former Prime Minister Shinzo Abe died in Nara Medical University Hospital after he was shot during a campaign speech on 8 July 2022 by a 41-year-old unemployed man, Tetsuya Yamagami.

## References
## Other websites
* Kashihara website
Kim Jong-jik

**Kim Jong-jik** (, hanja:金宗直, June 1431 - August 19, 1492) was a Neo-Confucian scholar, politician, and soldier of the Korean Joseon Dynasty. His pen name was Jeompiljae (점필재, 佔畢齋). His style names were Gyeon (계온, 季溫) and Hyogwan (효관, 孝盥). Majority header and Ideological, academic ancestors of Sarim party (士林, 사림).

## Works 
* Jeompiljaejip (점필재집)
* Cheonggupunga (청구풍아, 靑丘風雅)
* Dongmunsu (동문수, 東文粹)
* Danghuilgi (당후일기)
* Yuduyurok (유두유록, 遊頭流錄)
* Gihaengrok (기행록, 紀行錄)

## Related pages
* Sarim
* Jo Gwang-jo
* Nam Gon
* Kim Jeon
* Shim Jeong
* Gil Jae

## Other websites 
* http://100.naver.com/100.nhn?docid=32271 
* Kim Jong-jik Memorial Museum
* Kim Jong-jik
Jermaine Stewart

**William Jermaine Stewart** (September 7, 1957 - March 17, 1997) was an American singer. He was born in Columbus, Ohio and moved to Chicago, Illinois in 1972. He is best known for his song We Don't Have to Take Our Clothes Off, which was released in 1986. He died of AIDS in Homewood, Illinois.

## Other websites 
*
Plutonism

**Plutonism** (or **Vulcanism**) is the theory that the rocks forming the Earth were formed in fire by volcanic activity.

It was named after Pluto, the classical ruler of the underworld, or alternatively after Vulcan, the ancient Roman god of fire and volcanoes. The theory was first proposed by Abbé Anton Moro who had studied volcanic islands. It was subsequently developed by James Hutton as part of his *Theory of the Earth* published in 1788. 

The Plutonists strongly disputed the Neptunist view that rocks had been formed by processes that no longer operated, instead supporting Hutton's uniformitarianism.
List of JEF United Chiba players

The **List of JEF United Ichihara Chiba players** is .  The history of the team is created by its players.

JEF United Ichihara Chiba  is a Japanese professional football club in Ichihara and Chiba.

## List
:*This list is not finished; you can help Wikipedia by adding to it.*
* Kota Aoki
* Shinji Murai
* Daisuke Nakamaki
* Masahiro Okamoto
* Keisuke Ota
* Masataka Sakamoto
* Yuto Sato
* Takumi Wada
* Keiji Watanabe
* Kei Yamaguchi
* Tatsuya Yazawa
* Koki Yonekura

## Related pages 
* Sports in Japan
* List of Japanese football teams

## References 
## Other websites
* http://www.so-net.ne.jp/JEFUNITED/ 
* J.League Club Guide
Troll (gay slang)

, a man trolls for sexual action.]]

**Troll** and **trolling** are gay slang terms. Troll is used to characterize gay, bisexual and questioning or bi-curious men who cruise or "wander about looking" for sex or potential sex partners or experiences "in a notably wanton manner and with lessened standards of what one will accept in a partner." 

The term can be used positively or negatively depending on the speaker, usage, and intent. The term can describe the person or the activity. Although often referring to "an unattractive older gay man" and although troll as a slur "is primarily a visual, not a behavioral" judgment, the terms can be used for anyone who is *trolling* regardless of the putative troll's age or perceived beauty.

## References
Ichihara, Chiba

is a Japanese city in Chiba Prefecture on the island of Honshū.

## History
Ichihara is in the area of ancient Kazusa province.

### 2011 earthquake
On Friday, March 11, 2011, the Tōhoku earthquake caused damage in Ichihara. Natural gas storage tanks were set on fire by the earthquake.

## Geography
Ichihara is on the east coast of Toyko bay. In other words, it is on the west coast of Bōsō Peninsula.

## Related pages
* JEF United Ichihara Chiba

## References 
## Other websites
* Ichihara website
Lauren Holly

**Lauren Holly** (born October 28, 1963, Bristol, Pennsylvania) is a Canadian-American television and movie actress. She played Maxine Stewart in the CBS television show "Picket Fences". She played Mary Swanson in the 1994 movie *Dumb and Dumber*. She also did many other TV and movie performances. She was married to actor Jim Carrey between 1996 and 1997. She is of Belgian, Dutch, English, Finnish, Flemish, French-Canadian, German, Irish, Norwegian, Scottish, Swiss, Walloon and Welsh descent.
Tea bag (sexual act)

**Tea bag** is a slang term for a sexual act in which the male puts his scrotum into his partner's mouth over and over. It is called "tea bagging" because it is like a tea bag being put into a cup of hot water and dipped. Some people would not like being tea bagged,  but it does not need to be painful.

Tea bagging has been used during hazing or bullying incidents. Groups hold down victims while somebody "shoved his testicles in [the victim's] face" or puts his "crotch to his head."

## References
1600 Penn

***1600 Penn*** is an American sitcom created by Josh Gad and former Barack Obama , Jon Lovett for the NBC television network.

## Plot 
It shows a family and about their life in the White House.

## References 
## Other websites
*
*
List of counties in Arkansas

There are 75 counties in the U.S. state of Arkansas.  Arkansas has 10 counties with 2 county seats.

## Counties
|}

## References
List of counties in Arizona

There are 15 counties in the U.S. state of Arizona. Four counties (Mohave, Pima, Yavapai and Yuma) were formed in 1864 in the Arizona Territory in 1862. All but La Paz County were formed by the time Arizona became a State in 1912.  There is also one county, Pah-Ute County, Arizona that was formed in 1865 from Mohave County and returned in 1871. 

The names of many of the counties honor the state's Native American past. Nine of the fifteen counties are named after native groups that live in parts of what is now Arizona.  Three of the other counties have Spanish names from the language of the early Hispanic explorers of Arizona. Another county, Graham County, is named for a physical feature, Mount Graham.  Greenlee County is named after one of the state's early pioneers. 

Arizona's United States postal abbreviations is AZ and its FIPS code is 04.

## Alphabetical listing
|}

## References
List of counties in California

The state of California has 58 counties. Counties are responsible for all elections, property-tax collection, maintenance of public records such as deeds, and local-level courts within their borders, as well as providing law enforcement (through the county sheriff and sheriff's deputies) to areas that are not in cities.

California's United States Postal Service code is CA and its FIPS code is 06.

## List 
|}

## Old counties 
*Klamath County was formed in 1851 from the northern half of Trinity County.  Part of the county's territory went to Del Norte County in 1857, and in 1874 the rest was split between Humboldt and Siskiyou counties. 
*Pautah County was formed in 1852 out of land which, the state of California thought, was to be given to it by the United States Congress from land in what is now the state of Nevada.  In 1859 when the cession never occurred, the California State Legislature did not make the county.

## Notes
List of counties in Colorado

The U.S. state of Colorado has a total of 64 counties.  Two of these counties, the City and County of Denver and the City and County of Broomfield, have consolidated city and county governments.

Colorado's postal abbreviation is **CO** and its FIPS code is **08**.
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## List
|}

## Notes
## References
List of counties in Delaware

The state of **Delaware** has three **counties**: New Castle, Kent, and Sussex, the fewest counties of any U.S. state. The origin of the county boundaries goes back to former court districts. The powers of the counties' legislative bodies are limited to issues such as zoning and development.

## Politics and government
Each county elects a legislative body (known in New Castle and Sussex counties as the *County Council*, and in Kent County as the *Levy Court*). The counties are able to raise taxes and borrow money. They also have control over garbage disposal, water supply, sewerage, zoning, development, and building codes.

Most functions which are handled on a county-by-county basis in other states—such as court and law enforcement—have been centralized in Delaware, leading to a significant amount of power in the Delaware state government. 

|}

## References
Brian Urlacher

**Brian Keith Urlacher** is a former American football player. and used to play for the Chicago Bears. Urlacher is known for being one of the best players in the league, being named to 8 Pro Bowls, and winning Defensive Rookie of the Year in 2000. Urlacher played for the University of New Mexico during his college days, being a Heisman Trophy finalist in 1999, and was drafted in the 2000 NFL Draft in the 1st round 9th overall by the Bears. After 5 years of being at the bottom of the NFC North (except for 2001), the Bears finally reached Super Bowl XLI, even though they lost to Peyton Manning and the Indianapolis Colts, Urlacher still finished the year with 93 tackles and 3 forced fumbles, and was also a runner-up for the Defensive Player of the Year. In 2007 which was a year of being last in the North, Urlacher told press that he had a bad back, but it wasn't bad. Even though this issue came around, he still was able to get 5 interceptions, 5 sacks, 1 fumble recovery, 123 tackles, and a defensive touchdown. In 2009, Urlacher broke his wrist, and was out for the year. In 2010, the Bears defense became stronger, with the signing of Julius Peppers, winning the NFC North, but lost to the Green Bay Packers in the NFC Championship. In 2011, against the Minnesota Vikings, Urlacher hurt his MCL. Luckily, there was no ACL damage. Because of his injury, he didn't play in the 2010 Pro Bowl.

In March 2013, Urlacher was released, and retired on May 23. Eventually, Urlacher joined Fox Sports 1 as an analyst.

## References 
## Other websites 
*Urlacher's Web Site 
*Chicago Bears Bio on Urlacher
Wounded Knee Massacre

The **Wounded Knee Massacre** was a brief fight between the Native American Lakota people and the US Army. It took place at Wounded Knee Creek in South Dakota on December 29, 1890. About 300 Lakota and 25 soldiers were killed. The Lakota were part of the Sioux nation. The army had been sent into the area to take the guns owned by the Lakota.

## Ghost Dance
During the 1890's, a Native American shaman, named Wovoka, began teaching people about his visions for the future. He said the living would join with the dead, and the prairies would be covered in new soil. This would bury the European settlers, and life would return to the way it had been with lots of bison and other animals to hunt. To make this happen, he told people they would have to perform the Ghost Dance. The dancers wore brightly colored shirts with pictures of bison and eagles. They believed the shirts had magic powers which would protect them from bullets. The Ghost Dance caused a lot of excitement in the Sioux camps. European settlers were worried by these beliefs and the sight of wild and crazy people dancing in the snow. They demanded protection from the army.

## Massacre
The army was sent in to the Native American camps to arrest the leaders and take away their weapons until things settled down. Chief Sitting Bull was killed when the army tried to arrest him at Standing Rock Reservation of December 15, 1890. The army then went to arrest Chief Big Foot. On December 28, the army found Chief Big Foot, who was leading his people south to the Pine Ridge Reservation, near the Wounded Knee Creek. The next morning Chief Big Foot met with Colonel Forsyth.

During the meeting a shot was fired, and very quickly both groups began shooting at each other. The army had Hotchkiss cannons which fired into the tepees. Many women and children were caught in the gunfire. When the shooting stopped over 300 people had been killed. 

## References
List of counties in Vermont

There are 14 counties in the U.S. state of Vermont. These counties together contain 256 political units, or places, including 237 towns, 10 cities, 5 unincorporated areas, and 4 gores. Each county has a county seat, known in Vermont as *shire town*. In 1779, Vermont had two counties. The western side of the state was called Bennington County and the eastern was called Cumberland County. In 1781, Cumberland County was made into three counties in Vermont plus another county named Washington (not the same as the modern Washington County) that then became part of New Hampshire. Today's Washington County was known as Jefferson County from its start in 1810 until it was renamed in 1814. Essex County, Orleans County, and Caledonia County are commonly called the *Northeast Kingdom*.

## List
## Notes
*  There are several sources that state the formation year for Windham County is 1781 and that Cumberland County was dissolved rather than renamed.

## References