open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
The Lowdown

**The Lowdown** is an American television drama series created by Sterlin Harjo.  It stars Ethan Hawke and premiered on FX on September 23, 2025. Internationally, it is released on Disney+.

## Plot 
The story is set in Tulsa, Oklahoma, a city full of contrasts, myths, and old wounds.  Lee Raybon (Ethan Hawke) is a man who simply knows too much.  He discovers dark truths that powerful people would rather keep hidden.  Inspired by the writings of historian Lee Roy Chapman, the show mixes reality and fiction.  Raybon moves through a world of corruption, family secrets, and bloody debts.  Who is in control remains unclear for much of the series, but one thing is certain: in Tulsa, nothing is only black or white – there are only shades of gray.

## Cast 
* Ethan Hawke as Lee Raybon
* Ryan Kiera Armstrong
* Kaniehtiio Horn
* Tim Blake Nelson
* Jeanne Tripplehorn
* Kyle MacLachlan
* Keith David
* Siena East
* Scott Shepherd
* Tracy Letts
* Macon Blair
* Killer Mike
* Cody Lightning
* Michael Hitchcock
* Peter Dinklage

## Production 
The series was directed by Sterlin Harjo and others.  It was produced by Crazy Eagle Media, Dive, Under the Influence Productions, and FX Productions.  Executive producers include Sterlin Harjo, Garrett Basch, Ethan Hawke, and Ryan Hawke.  Cinematography was done by Adam Stone, Mark Schwartzbard, and Christopher Norr.  Editing was handled by Patrick Tuck, Dane McMaster, and Gina Sansom.

## Reception 
The Lowdown was praised in early reviews for its substance and visual style.  Ethan Hawke received attention for his performance, balancing between a weary hero and a fragile figure.  Supporting actors such as Keith David, Tim Blake Nelson, and Jeanne Tripplehorn were also highlighted.  Tulsa was described as both familiar and strange, giving the show a unique tone.  The pacing, with some slow episodes and some explosive ones, divided opinions.  The site fernsehserien.tv rated the show 84 out of 100 points, noting its intensity and authenticity.

## References
Westfield Stratford City

**Westfield Stratford City** is a shopping centre in Stratford, East London. It opened on 13 September 2011. 

It was originally owned by the Westfield Group. Then in November 2010, ABP Pension Fund and CPP Investment Board each purchased a 25% shareholding, with Westfield retaining 50%.  

The site was originally used by Stratford Works and Locomotive Depot.

## Related pages 
* Westfield London

## References 
## Other websites 
* Official website
* "The Golden Temple" Featured Documentary on Westfield, Stratford and the Olympic Games, 2012
Baking mix

A **baking mix** is a convenience product that is used to make dough. Baking mixes are sold as powders. Usually, only water needs to be added. Baking mixes exist for ifferent baked products. The most common ones are those for bread, and those for cakes. The idea is thar as a convenience product they save time and they guarantee a consistent quality. A baking mix will contain flour, salt, and a leavening agent. It may also have other ingredients. Because they are dry, they have a long shelf life, at room temperature. 

The first baking mixes were developed in England, during the Industrial Revolution. Henry Jones (1812–1891) from Brisol patented his "self-raising flour". This is seen as the first baking mix.

Industrisally, baking mixes have been produced sice the middle of the 20th century.

## References
Devils Corner, Wisconsin

Devils Corner is an unincorporated community in the town of Pepin, Pepin County, Wisconsin, United States.

## References
Cody Hodgson

**Cody Douglas Hodgson** (born February 18, 1990) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey centre. He played parts of 6 seasons in the National Hockey League (NHL). He played for the Vancouver Canucks, Buffalo Sabres, and Nashville Predators.

Hodgson is a one-time All-Star, being named one in 2012.

## Career
Before playing in the NHL, Hodgson played four seasons with the Brampton Battalion of the Ontario Hockey League (OHL). He had a successful time during his time with the Battalion. On October 5, 2008, the Battalion named Hodgson as their new captain. In 2009, he was selected to play in the OHL All-Star Classic. In the game, he recorded five points and was named player of the game. The five-point game tied an OHL record for most points in an All-Star game. In the 2008–09 season, Hodgson had a very great season. He was named to the OHL First All-Star Team, and won both the William Hanley Trophy for being the OHL's most sportsmanlike player and the Red Tilson Trophy for being the OHL player of the year. In 2009, he was named the CHL Player of the Year. He helped the team during the playoffs, defeating the Peterborough Petes, Mississauga St. Michael's Majors, and Belleville Bulls. They were defeated in the Finals by the Windsor Spitfires four games to one to win the J. Ross Robertson Cup.

He was selected 10th overall by the Vancouver Canucks in the 2008 NHL entry draft. On October 5, Hodgson signed a three-year, $2.625 million entry-level contract with the Canucks. On February 1, 2011, the Canucks called Hodgson up and he made his NHL debut in a 4–1 win against the Dallas Stars. The next day, on February 2, Hodgson scored his first NHL goal against Ilya Bryzgalov in a 6–0 win against the Phoenix Coyotes. He helped the team during the playoffs, defeating the Chicago Blackhawks, Nashville Predators, and San Jose Sharks. The Canucks were defeated in the Finals by the Boston Bruins four games to three. In 2012, he was selected for that year's 2012. 

On February 27, 2012, the Canucks traded Hodgson along with Alexander Sulzer to the Buffalo Sabres in exchange for Zack Kassian and Marc-André Gragnani. On September 11, 2013, Hodgson signed a six-year, $25.5 million contract to stay with the Sabres. He played parts of four seasons with the team.

On July 1, 2015, Hodgson signed a one-year, $1.05 million contract to join the Nashville Predators. On January 13, 2016, the Predators waived Hodgson and he joined their Hockey League-affiliate Milwaukee Admirals.

On October 3, Hodgson announced that he was retiring from playing professional ice hockey to work with the Predators and coach for their Little Preds Learn to Play Program. Hodgson later revealed that he had retired because he had diagnosed with malignant hyperthermia and it had caused him to struggle during his final seasons.

## References
## Other websites 
*
Assassination of Charlie Kirk

On September 10, 2025, Charlie Kirk, an American right-wing political activist, was shot dead while onstage at Utah Valley University (UVU) in Orem, Utah, United States. The shooting happened around 12:20p.m. local time. It happened shortly after the event started, and was confirmed by campus officials.

A 22-year-old American man was charged with Kirk's murder by police.

## Assassination
 during an earlier stop of his "American Comeback Tour" in February 2025]]
Security camera footage examined by investigators showed that the gunman arrived at the campus at 11:52a.m. MDT (Mountain Daylight Time) and went up a stairwell in the Losee Center to the roof. The speaking event began at 12 noon. At 12:23p.m., Kirk was shot in the neck while speaking at an American Comeback Tour event.

The shot was fired from a building roughly  away on the campus. This was the discussion before the shooting:

Multiple cellphone videos of the shooting were quickly published onto social media. An older male was arrested, but then released after police said he was not the assassin.

After the assassination, Kirk was taken to the hospital under critical condition. *Reuters* reported he was having surgery. Kirk died shortly afterwards at the age of 31.

The FBI and ATF assisted local authorities in the investigation, and the campus was placed on lockdown.

About 3,067 people went to the event, which was secured by six police officers and Kirk's private security personnel.

## Aftermath
 giving a speech from the Oval Office after Kirk's death]]
Shortly after the assassination, President Donald Trump said on Truth Social: "We must all pray for Charlie Kirk, who has been shot. A great guy from top to bottom. GOD BLESS HIM!" Trump later confirmed Kirk's death on Truth Social: was transported on Air Force Two from Salt Lake City, Utah, to Phoenix, Arizona. A memorial service took place on in Glendale, Arizona.

## Suspect
On September 12, Trump announced that the suspect, 22 year-old Tyler James Robinson, was in police custody after his father convinced him to turn himself in. On September 16, Robinson was formally charged with Kirk's murder. Prosecutors announced that they would seek the death penalty.

## References
Tomas Sandström

**Tomas Sandström** (born 4 September 4 1964) is a Finnish-born Swedish former professional ice hockey right winger. He played parts of 15 seasons in the National Hockey League (NHL). He played for the New York Rangers, Los Angeles Kings, Pittsburgh Penguins, Detroit Red Wings, and the Mighty Ducks of Anaheim. He also played for Brynäs IF and Malmö IF of the Elitserien.

Sandström is a one-time Stanley Cup champion, winning with the Red Wings in 1997. He is also a two-time All-Star. Internationally, he played for Sweden and won a bronze medal with them at the 1984 Winter Olympics.

## Career
Before playing in the NHL, Sandström played two seasons with Brynäs IF of the Elitserien.

He was selected 36th overall by the New York Rangers in the 1982 NHL entry draft. On 11 October 1984, Sandström made his NHL debut in a 4–4 overtime tie against the Hartford Whalers. During the game, he also scored his first NHL goal against Greg Millen. It came with 69 seconds left in the third period and was the game-tying goal. He played parts of six seasons with the Rangers. In 1995, he was selected for the NHL All-Rookie Team. In 1988, Sandström was named to his first All-Star Game.

On 21 January 1990, the Rangers traded Sandström along with Tony Granato to the Los Angeles Kings in exchange for Bernie Nicholls. While on the Kings, Sandström was paired on a line with Wayne Gretzky. He played parts of five seasons with the Kings. He suffered many injuries during his time with the team which effected his playing time.

On 16 February 1994, the Kings traded Sandström along with Shawn McEachern to the Pittsburgh Penguins in exchange for Marty McSorley and Jim Paek. He played parts of three seasons with the Penguins.

On 27 January 1997, the Penguins traded Sandström to the Detroit Red Wings in exchange for Greg Johnson. He helped the Red Wings during that playoffs, defeating the St. Louis Blues, the Mighty Ducks of Anaheim, and Colorado Avalanche. They swept the Philadelphia Flyers four games to zero in the Finals to win Detroit's first Stanley Cup since 1955. In Game 4, Sandström assisted on Darren McCarty's game-winning goal.

On 2 August 1997, Sandström signed a two-year contract to join the Mighty Ducks of Anaheim. He spent parts of two seasons with the team, scoring 24 goals and recording 25 assists.

In 2002, Sandström retired from playing professional ice hockey.

## References
## Other websites 
*
1981-82 Austrian football championship

The **1981-82 Austrian football championship** was organized by the Austrian Football Association. The single-tiered Second Division served as the 2nd tier tier of the First Division. The third tier consisted of the Regionalliga West (Salzburg, Tyrol, Vorarlberg) and the leagues of the federal states  of Vienna, Lower Austria, Burgenland, Carinthia, Upper Austria and Styria.

Because  the First Division was expanded to 16 clubs in 1982-83  no team was relegated in 1981/82. Austria Klagenfurt, SC Eisenstadt, Vienna, SC Neusiedl am See, 1. Simmeringer SC and Union Wels were promoted.

The Innsbruck striker Manfred Braschler had a Swiss passport and even played for the Austrian B team. H was still considered a foreign player. He was thus unjustifiably used as the fourth foreign player in three league matches. Sturm Graz protested. Common sense won. SSW Innsbruck was granted "good faith" The results were certified on 7 December 1981.   

## Final table
## Matches 
### Round 1
### Round 2
### Round 3
### Round 4
### Round 5
### Round 6
### Round 7
### Round 8
### Round 9
### Round 10
### Round 11
### Round 12
### Round 13
### Round 14
### Round 15
### Round 16
### Round 17
### Round 18
### Round 19
### Round 20
### Round 21
### Round 22
### Round 23
### Round 24
### Round 25
### Round 26
### Round 27
### Round 28
### Round 29
### Round 30
### Round 31
### Round 32
### Round 33
### Round 34
### Round 35
### Round 36
## Champion squad -  SK Rapid Wien
(matches/goals)

## Top scorer
## References
Jay Collins

**Jarrid** "**Jay**" **Collins** (born April 28, 1976) is an American Republican politician and Army veteran. He has been the 21st Lieutenant Governor of Florida since August 2025. He was a member of the Florida Senate from 2022 until his resignation in 2025.

## References
2025 Russian drone incursion into Poland

The **September 2025 Russian drone incursion into Poland** happened on 10 September at around 1:13am. At least 19 Shahed-type drones entered Polish airspace after being launched from the Russian Federation. At least three were shot down by the Polish Air Force, and NATO Quick Reaction Alert aircraft scrambled. The airspace over Warsaw International Airport, Warsaw Modlin Airport, Rzeszów–Jasionka Airport, and Lublin Airport was closed while Russian drones were present in Polish airspace. The incident raised concerns about air safety, and many people in Poland followed the news closely during the night. 

A shot-down drone crashed into a residential building in Wyryki-Kolonia, Lublin Voivodeship.

## References
Justin Fletcher

**Justin Fletcher** (born 30 March 1983) is a former American professional ice hockey defenceman who last played for the Vienna Capitals of the Austrian Hockey League.
Government bond

A **government bond** is a financial bond issued by a government. 

If the bond is issued in a currency that the government controls then it defines the risk-free rate of return for that currency. This is because governments control money supply; they control the issue or printing of money.

Bonds issued by the British government are usually referred to as **gilts** and those issued by the U.S. government are usually called **treasuries**, short for "Treasury Note". Alongside bonds issued by the Japanese government and the E.U. central bank, these are the world's most stable and reliable securities.

Governments of many other countries must borrow in currencies that they do not control - this makes their bonds more risky and has led to debt crises in countries like Argentina and Greece.

Because they are considered zero risk, government bonds have an essential role in the financial system. For example, banks and insurance companies are legally required to hold them as  against their liabilities.
Security (finance)

A **security** is a financial contract which entitles the holder to investment returns.

The most common forms of securities are stocks and bonds. More complex forms include futures contracts for commodities and short selling agreements.

Securities can usually be traded on the stock exchange or privately between investors.

The term originates from the concept that the investment agreement is  by a contract that can be enforced by law. The investor can take the issuer of the security to court if they fail to meet the terms of the agreement.
Risk free rate of return

In finance, the **risk-free rate of return**, usually shortened to the **risk-free rate**, is the return offered by an investment that is considered guaranteed and without risk of monetary loss.

For any given currency, the risk-free rate is defined by the yield of sovereign bonds - because the government can always pay the debt, the only risk to the investor are "acts of God" beyond human control, such as national or international crises, disasters and the apocalypse.

All other investments carry more risk, therefore they can only attract investors by promising a higher rate of return. The risk-free rate of return is important in investing and finance because it is the benchmark for the returns of all other investments. 

Because the sovereign bond issuer must  sell them on the open market and investors decide how much they are prepared to pay for the bond, the yield of sovereign bonds has a relationship with the currency's expected rate of inflation. Hence the risk-free rate of return always has a relationship with inflation.
Proceratophrys paviotii

***Proceratophrys paviotii*** is a frog.  It lives in Brazil.

## Home
The frog lives in the dead leaves on the ground in rainforests. Scientists saw the frog between 50 and 800 meters above sea level.

People have seen this frog in many protected parks.

## Young
The female frog puts eggs in streams with sand on the bottom. The tadpoles swim in the stream.

## Danger
Scientists from the IUCN say the frog is in in a little danger of dying out. People have changed the places where the frogs live for more than one hundred years. People cut down trees to get wood and make farms, tree farms, and places for animals to eat grass.

## First paper
*

## References
Temba Bavuma

**Temba Bavuma** (born 17 May 1990) is a South African cricketer.  He is the current captain of the South Africa national team in Test cricket and One Day Internationals (ODIs).

## Early life 
Bavuma was born in Langa, Western Cape.

In January 2016, he became the first black African cricketer to score a Test century for South Africa, against England at Cape Town.

Bavuma made his One Day International (ODI) debut in September 2016 against Ireland. He scored 113 runs in that match, which was a century on debut.

In March 2021, Bavuma was named as the captain of South Africa in limited overs cricket.  He later also became captain in Test cricket.
* First black African to captain South Africa in cricket.

## References
L'Ametlla de Merola

'''l'Ametlla de Merola''' is a singular population entity in the municipality of Puig-reig, in Catalonia, Spain.

As of 2024 it has a population of 183 people.
Janet Sheen

**Janet Elizabeth Templeton** (born July 8, 1944), who is known in the field of her work as **Janet Sheen**, is an American actress.

## Career 
In 1983, she played the role of Elaine de Kooning in the miniseries *Kennedy*. She also appeared in the film *Rated X* as a nurse. However, she was not mentioned in the final credits of the film *Rated X.* 

In 1989, she was associate producer of the film *Beverly Hills Brats*. In 2010, she was executive producer of the film *The Way*.

## Personal life 
In 2000, while a guest on the Rosie O’Donnell show, Martin Sheen told another guest, Maria Bellamy from Eastern Kentucky, that his wife Janet was from a neighboring county (Magoffin County, KY). 
As a college student at The New School for Social Research in New York City, she met her future husband, Martin Sheen. They married in December 1961, and have four children (three of which are sons and one of which is a daughter): Emilio Estevez, Renée Estevez, Ramon Estevez, and Charlie Sheen. All four of their children are actors.

## References 

## Other websites 
*
Hidemaro Fujibayashi

**Hidemaro Fujibayashi** (Born 1972) is a Japanese video game designer who works at Nintendo, he is known for 3 games, The Legend of Zelda: Breath of the Wild, Skyward Sword and Tears of the Kingdom.

Prior to working at Nintendo, he was previously employed at the company, Capcom for 10 years but in 2005, he left Capcom and joined Nintendo.

## ̝References
1872 United States presidential election

The **1872 United States presidential election** was the 22nd election in the history of the United States. It occurred on November 5, 1872. This election was between incumbent President Ulysses S. Grant of Illinois and former Congressman Horace Greeley of New York.

Grant won the election in a landslide, winning 286 electoral votes out of the available 352 for grab. Greeley had initially won 66 electoral votes, but would die prior to the certification of the electoral votes on February 12, 1873, as Greeley would pass away on November 29, 1872, just three weeks after the election had occurred, making Greeley the first and only major party presidential candidate to pass away prior to the certification of the election.

Greeley's death meant that his electors would meet in December 1872 and would split his electors among candidates of their choosing. Out of the 66 electoral votes that Greeley had recieved, 3 delegates from the state of Georgia had chosen to back Greeley after his death and as such were disqualified as he was now ineligible for the office Greeley's remaining 63 delegates went to different candidates, out of which they went to:

- Former U.S. Senator Thomas A. Hendricks of Indiana (1863-1869) *(received 42 electoral votes)*

- Governor Benjamin Gratz Brown of Missouri (1871-1873) ''(received 18 electoral votes) (Ran as Greeley's running mate)*

- Governor Charles J. Jenkins of Georgia (1871-1873) *(received 2 electoral votes)* 

- Associate Justice David Davis of Illinois (1862-1877) *(received 1 electoral vote)'' 

This would be the last election in U.S. History in which a major party candidate (Greeley) would not recieve a single electoral vote, while Grant would be the last Republican until Theodore Roosevelt in 1904 to win a state in the South
## Notes
## References
George Stubbs

**George Stubbs** (25 August 1724 – 10 July 1806) was an English painter. He became famous for his animal paintings, including horses, dogs and lions. He also did the first painting of a kangaroo seen in England. His most famous works were the series of a lion attacking a horse, and are believed to be some of the first romantic paintings.

## References
Steal a Brainrot

**Steal a Brainrot** is a multiplayer video game released on May 15, 2025 on Roblox. It was developed by SpyderSammy, and owned by DoBig Studios. It is based on Italian brainrot, an internet meme. The goal of the game is to get Brainrots, mainly by stealing them from other players.

*Steal a Brainrot* is the second Roblox game to have reach 20 million players at once, the first being *Grow a Garden*. The game became popular on social media, where users have shared ideas and popular videos of children getting upset over losing their Brainrots. In order to get these Brainrots, users can buy Brainrots from a red conveyor belt in the middle of the game. Users can also steal a Brainrot from other players. Brainrots are stored in bases which have 8 spaces to hold characters.

## References
TAG Heuer

**TAG Heuer** is a Swiss company that designs, manufactures and markets wristwatches and fashion accessories, as well as eyewear and mobile phones under the Tag Heuer brand manufactured under license by other companies.

TAG Heuer began as Uhrenmanufaktur Heuer AG, founded in 1860 by Edouard Heuer in Saint-Imier, Switzerland. In 1985, TAG Group acquired a majority stake in the company, forming TAG Heuer. In 1999, TAG Heuer was acquired by French luxury goods conglomerate LVMH.

The name TAG Heuer combines the initials of "''Techniques d'Avant Garde''" and the founder's surname.

## References
IPhone Air

The **iPhone Air** is the 19th generation smartphone developed by Apple. It was announced on 9 September 2025 during the Apple Event at Apple Park in Cupertino, California. It was launched the pre-order on 12 September 2025. It was released on 19 September 2025.

It is the current thinnest iPhone with a thickness of 5.6mm. It beat the iPhone 6 that was released in 2014, which had a thickness of 6.9mm. It used iOS 26 at the launch. The iPhone Air is not selling well.

## Features 
The iPhone Air has a 6.5 inch OLED 120hz screen, 3149mAh battery capacity, Apple A19 Pro chipset, 12GB RAM, Apple C1X modem, 256GB, 512GB and 1TB storage options, Apple N1 networking chip, 48MP wide back camera. The Apple N1 networking chip has Bluetooth 6, WiFi 7 and Thread. It was the first iPhone to replace the physical SIM card with eSIM in worldwide due to very thin smartphone. The iPhone Air has a 18MP Center Stage camera with square sensor that could take the landscape selfie pictures without rotating the phone.
### Security 
Starting with all iPhone 17 models and iPhone Air, devices based on the Apple A19 and A19 Pro include Memory Integrity Enforcement (MIE).

## Availability by region 
; September 19, 2025

* Australia
* Austria
* Bahrain
* Brazil
* Belgium
* Bulgaria
* Canada
* Croatia
* Czech Republic
* Denmark
* Finland 
* France
* Germany
* Greece
* Hong Kong
* Hungary
* India
* Italy
* Ireland
* Japan
* Luxembourg
* Macao
* Malaysia
* Mexico
* Netherlands
* New Zealand
* Norway
* Oman
* Poland
* Portugal
* Qatar
* Romania
* Saudi Arabia
* Serbia
* Singapore
* Slovakia
* South Africa
* South Korea
* Spain
* Sweden
* Switzerland
* Taiwan
* Thailand
* Turkey
* United Arab Emirates
* United Kingdom
* United States
* Vietnam

;
; October 12, 2025

* Bangladesh

; October 17, 2025

* Indonesia
* Philippines

; October 22, 2025

* China

## Design 
The iPhone Air has a four colors such as sky blue, space black, cloud white and light gold. The iPhone Air has a camera pelateur. The iPhone Air uses Ceramic Shield for back glass. It uses Ceramic Shield 2 for front glass. 

## Sales 
Apple delayed the iPhone Air launch on 12 September 2025 in China due to eSIM issues. On 17 October 2025, the iPhone Air sold out across online stores in China within hours of pre-order opening on Friday.

## Reviews 
The Guardian reviewed the iPhone Air, it has good reviews because of super thin, great screen and good single back camera. It has bad reviews because it has no ultrawide or telephoto cameras, it also can cost more money and has shorter battery life.

## References 
## Other websites 
*
IPhone 17

The **iPhone 17** is a smartphone made and sold by Apple. It is the nineteenth-generation iPhone, succeeding the iPhone 16. The phone was announced along the higher-priced iPhone 17 Pro and 17 Pro Max and the iPhone Air during the Apple Event at Apple Park in Cupertino, California, on September 9, 2025 and released on September 19, 2025.

## Details
### Design
The iPhone 17 comes in 5 colors: Lavender, Sage, Mist Blue, White, and Black.

### Set of chips
The iPhone 17 uses the new Apple A19 SoC (system on a chip). It has the new Apple-designed N1 networking chip, part of a tendency by Apple to depend less on Broadcom.

The iPhone 17 also removes the 128GB storage option that was available from its predecessor, the iPhone 16, marking the first base model iPhone to only come with 256GB and 512GB of storage with prices starting from $799.

### Screen
The iPhone 17 includes a larger 6.3" OLED screen and dynamic 120Hz ProMotion refresh rate, its first use on a non-Pro iPhone model.

### Security
Starting with all iPhone 17 models and iPhone Air, devices based on the A19 and A19 Pro include Memory Integrity Enforcement (MIE).

## References
Neumayer-III Station

**Neumayer-Station III **is a German research station in Antarctica. It is run by the Alfred Wegener Institute (AWI). The station is located on the Ekström Ice Shelf in Queen Maud Land.

## History 
Neumayer-Station III opened in 2009. It replaced two older German stations: Neumayer I (1981–1992) and Neumayer II (1992–2009). The new station was built to last longer and to work better in harsh Antarctic conditions.

## Design 
Neumayer-III is built on hydraulic stilts, which can be raised to keep the station above snow levels. This helps stop it from being buried by snow over time. The station is shaped like a long rectangular building with a garage and workshop below the main living area.

## Research 
Scientists at Neumayer-III study:
* Climate and weather
* Atmosphere
* Glaciology (study of ice and snow)
* Geophysics and seismology
* Marine biology

The station also sends weather data to help with global forecasting.

## Life at the Station 
About 50 people work at the station during the Antarctic summer. In winter, around nine people stay for the whole season. The station has:
* Bedrooms
* A kitchen and dining room
* A hospital room
* Laboratories and workspaces
* Internet and communication systems

## Geography 
Neumayer-III Station is built on the Ekström Ice Shelf, which is a large, flat area of floating ice in Queen Maud Land, Antarctica. The station is about 20 kilometers (12 miles) from the coast of the Weddell Sea. Its coordinates are 70°40′S 8°16′W, elevation around 40 meters (131 feet) above sea level, and the station is near the coast of Antarctica, on a floating ice shelf.

The ice shelf is not solid ground—it is ice that floats on the ocean. Because of this, the station slowly moves with the ice, about 200 meters (656 feet) every year.

There are no mountains or hills nearby. The land around the station is flat and covered with snow and ice. The Sun does not rise during winter months and does not set in summer months.

## Climate 
Neumayer-Station III has a polar climate. It is very cold, dry, and windy all year, and has an ice cap climate.

Temperatures can drop below -50°C (-58°F) in winter and usually stay around -10°C to -25°C (14°F to -13°F) in summer. The station gets very little snowfall, but strong winds can cause large snowdrifts. Blizzards and whiteouts are common.

Winds can reach over 100 km/h (62 mph) during storms. There is no daylight during the polar night (May to July), and the Sun shines 24 hours a day during the polar summer (November to January). Because of the clean air and stable conditions, the area is good for atmospheric and climate research.

The coldest temperature ever recorded was  on July 8, 2010. It also experiences strong katabatic winds. In that moment, the temperature was , but it decreases the felt temperature to .

## Transport 
Supplies are brought in by ship and then by snow vehicles or aircraft. A nearby airstrip on the ice is used in summer.
Otis

**Otis** can be

## People
*Otis Redding (d. 1967), singer 
* Otis (wrestler), a ring name of American professional wrestler Nikola Bogojević (born 1991)
* Otis family, an American political family
* Otis, American rapper in the duo Axe Murder Boyz
* Otis (given name), a list of people
* Otis (surname), a list of people

## Places
### United States
* Otis, Colorado, a Statutory Town
* Otis, Indiana, an unincorporated community
* Otis, Iowa, a neighborhood of Cedar Rapids
* Otis, Kansas, a city
* Otis, Louisiana, an unincorporated community
* Otis, Maine, a town
* Otis, Massachusetts, a town
* Otis, Oregon, an unincorporated community
* Otis, Wisconsin, an unincorporated community
* Otis Peak, a mountain in Colorado
* Otis Air National Guard Base, Cape Cod, Massachusetts

### Antarctica
* Mount Otis, Marie Byrd Land

## Arts and entertainment
### Movies and television
**Otis* (movie), a direct-to-DVD 2008 American comedy horror film
* "Otis" (*The Jeffersons*), a television episode
* "Otis" (*Prison Break*), a television episode

### Music
* *Otis* (Brian McFadden album), 2019
* *Otis* (Mojo Nixon album), 1990
* "Otis" (song), by Jay-Z and Kanye West, 2011
* "Otis", a song by Magma from *Merci*, 1985
* "Otis", a song by Medeski Martin & Wood from *Notes from the Underground*, 1992
* "Otis", a song by The Durutti Column from *24 Hour Party People* (soundtrack), 2002
* "Otis", a song by John Medeski from *A Different Time*, 2013

## Other uses
* Otis Worldwide, American manufacturer of elevators, escalators, and related systems
* Otis College of Art and Design, in Los Angeles, California, US
* Otis Hotel, a historic building in Spokane, Washington, US
* *Otis* (bird), a genus of bustard
* List of storms named Otis, various tropical cyclones baring the name
Elisabeth Christine of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel

**Elisabeth Christine of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel** (German: *Elisabeth Christine von Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel*; 28 August 1698 - 21 December 1750) was the Holy Roman Empress from 1711 until 1740 as the wife of Charles VI, who was Holy Roman Emperor. She was the daughter of Louis Rudolph, who was the Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg and the Prince of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel. She was also the mother of Maria Theresa, who was Archduchess of Austria in her own right, or *suo jure*.

## Life 
### Family and Religion 
Elisabeth Christine was born in 1690 in the Duchy of Brunswick, and she was the oldest daughter of Louis Rudolph, Duke of Brunswick, and Princess Christine Louise of Oettingen-Oettingen.
 by Christoph Bernhard Francke in 1712 with a bust of Charles VI]]

### Marriage 
She changed her religion when she married Archduke Charles of Austria, and she became Roman Catholic in 1707, before their wedding in 1708. One of the reasons that Elisabeth married Charles was because she was beautiful and charming.
]]
In 1700, the King of Spain, Charles II, died, and Elisabeth's husband Charles wanted to become the next king, but so did Philippe, Duke of Anjou, so they started a war which was called the War of the Spanish Succession. It was there in the spring of 1716 that she gave birth to her first child, Archduke Leopold Johann, which made the Viennese royal court happy. But in the autumn of the same year, Leopold died when he was less than a year old, which was common back then. When that happened, Elisabeth was already pregnant again, But after his father King Frederick William I and Elisabeth's husband died in the same year, 1740, now that he was king Frederick II of Prussia, he began the First Silesian War against her daughter Maria Theresa, who inherited the Habsburg lands.

### Widowhood 
Her husband Charles VI died in late 1740.
]]

## Children 
Elisabeth Christine and her husband had four children, but only two lived to grow up and get married:

* Archduke Leopold Johann (13 April 1716 – 4 November 1716), died in infancy
* Maria Theresa (13 May 1717 – 29 November 1780), became Arduchess of Austria and Queen of Bohemia and Hungary in her own right had children
* Archduchess Maria Anna (26 September 1718 – 16 December 1744), married Prince Charles Alexander of Lorraine, died in childbirth; no children
* Archduchess Maria Anna (5 April 1724 – 19 April 1730), died in childhood

## References 
## List of Sources
I Want to Eat Your Pancreas (movie)

is a 2018 Japanese animated coming-of-age drama movie. It is based on the novel of the same name by Yoru Sumino. The movie was produced by Studio VOLN. It was distributed by Aniplex. The movie is written and directed by Shinichiro Ushijima. It has the actors Mahiro Takasugi, Lynn, Yukiyo Fujii, Yuma Uchida, Jun Fukushima, Atsuko Tanaka, Shin-ichiro Miki, and Emi Wakui. In the movie, a male high school student becomes friends with his classmate Sakura Yamauchi. She has a terminal illness in her pancreas.

An anime movie adaptation of the novel was announced in August 2017. Some of the actors were revealed in March 2018. The rest of the cast was revealed in June, July, and August 2018.

*I Want to Eat Your Pancreas* had its preview in Tokyo on July 24, 2018. It was released in Japan on September 1. The movie made over million worldwide and had positive reviews from movie critics. They liked the story and its message, animation, and writing. The movie was given many nominations from movie festivals at Sitges and Scotland

## References
## Other websites
*  
*  
* 
*
Windorah

**Windorah** is a small town in southwest Queensland, Australia. It is part of the Shire of Barcoo and is located near the Cooper Creek, in the Channel Country region. The town is about 1,200 kilometres (745 miles) west of Brisbane.

## Name 
The name Windorah comes from an Aboriginal word that means “big fish” or “high place”, depending on the local language group.

## Population 
As of the 2021 census, around 115 people live in Windorah. The population is small, but the town supports nearby cattle stations and remote communities.

## Geography 
Windorah is located in the Channel Country, where many small rivers and creeks flow only during the wet season. The land is mostly flat and dry, with sand dunes, gibber plains, and grasslands. Windorah is near where the Thomson and Barcoo Rivers join to form Cooper Creek. The area often floods after heavy rain, but can also be dry for years.

## Climate 
Windorah has a hot desert climate, but it is close to the hot semi-arid climate zone. It is part of the Outback and has very hot summers and cool winters.

Summer temperatures often go above 40°C (104°F). Winter days are warm, but nights can be cold, with temperatures as low as 0°C (32°F). Rainfall is low and mostly falls in summer, but can be unpredictable. Clear skies and dry air make temperature changes between day and night large.

## Economy 
The main industries in Windorah are:
* Cattle grazing
* Tourism
* Some solar energy production

Windorah is home to the Windorah Solar Farm, one of the first in rural Queensland. It helps provide power to the town.

## Transport 
Windorah is remote, but it can be reached by:
* Road: The Diamantina Developmental Road connects Windorah to Longreach and Birdsville
* Air: Windorah has a small airport with flights to Brisbane via Barcaldine and Charleville
* Bus/Coach: Occasional services run between towns

## Facilities and Services 
Windorah has:
* A primary school
* A health clinic
* A police station
* A general store and fuel station
* A hotel/motel
* A small tourist information centre

## Tourism and Attractions 
Tourists visit Windorah to experience the real Outback. Attractions include:
* Cooper Creek – popular for fishing, camping, and birdwatching
* Red sandhills – striking sand dunes just outside the town
* Starry night skies
* Windorah Solar Farm

Nearby events like the Birdsville Races or the Windorah International Yabby Races

## Events 
Windorah hosts fun local events, such as:
* Yabby Races – a quirky annual race of freshwater crustaceans
* Local rodeo and sports days
* Outback festivals and community gatherings
Breitling

**Breitling** is a Swiss watch manufacturer. Headquartered in Grenchen and founded in Saint-Imier, the company has been producing watches and timepieces almost continuously since 1884. Breitling primarily produces chronometer-certified watches with themes inspired by pilots and aviation. Its primary focus is on relatively large watches, often with chronograph complications. Breitling offers both mechanical and quartz watches.

All Breitling watches are manufactured in Switzerland, with components predominantly sourced from Switzerland. All movements used in Breitling watches have undergone chronometer certification by the COSC. Since 2009, Breitling has become a so-called *manufacture*, as they produce a chronograph movement entirely designed, manufactured, and assembled in-house, the caliber B01.

## References
Charleville, Queensland

**Charleville** is a town in southwest Queensland, Australia. It is the main town in the Shire of Murweh and is located on the Warrego River.  Charleville is about 740 kilometres (460 miles) west of Brisbane.

## History 
Charleville was founded in the 1860s during the time when settlers moved west looking for land. The town grew because it was an important stop on the railway line and a centre for sheep grazing.

## Geography 
Charleville is in a dry, flat area known as the Channel Country. The Warrego River flows through the town, but it only has water after heavy rains.

## Climate 
Charleville has a hot semi-arid climate. Summers are very hot, and winters are mild to cool.
* Summer temperatures often reach over 35°C (95°F)
* Winter daytime temperatures are usually between 15°C and 25°C (59°F–77°F)
* Night temperatures can drop close to 0°C (32°F) in winter
* Most rain falls during the summer months

## Population 
As of the 2021 census, about 3,400 people live in Charleville. It is one of the larger towns in southwest Queensland.

## Economy 
The town’s economy is mainly based on:
* Sheep and cattle grazing
* Tourism
* Local services and businesses
* Transport

Charleville is connected by:
*Road: The Warrego Highway links Charleville with Brisbane and other towns
* Rail: The town is on the Western railway line
* Air: Charleville Airport has flights to Brisbane and other cities

## Facilities 
Charleville has:
* Schools and a library
* A hospital and health services
* Shops, hotels, and cafes
* Museums and parks
* Tourism

## Attractions 
Tourists visit Charleville for:
*The Cosmos Centre – an observatory and space science centre
*The Royal Flying Doctor Service Visitor Centre – learn about this important medical service
* Exploring the Outback scenery
* Watching birds and wildlife

## Events 
Charleville hosts events like:
* The Charleville Camel Races
* Local rodeos and shows
* Outback festivals
Julia Creek, Queensland

**Julia Creek **is a small town in northwest Queensland, Australia. It is part of the Shire of McKinlay and is located on the Flinders Highway, between the towns of Cloncurry and Richmond. Julia Creek is about 650 kilometres (400 miles) west of Townsville.

## History 
The town was named after Julia Creek, a local waterway, which itself was named by explorer John McKinlay in the 1860s. The town grew in the early 1900s when the Great Northern railway was extended to the area. It became a service centre for the cattle and sheep industries.

## Geography 
Julia Creek is located in the savannah grasslands of northwest Queensland, a region known as the Gulf Country. The land is flat and open, with native grasses, low shrubs, and a few trees. The area is mostly used for cattle grazing.

## Climate 
Julia Creek has a hot semi-arid climate, with very hot summers and mild to warm winters. Summer temperatures can rise above 40°C (104°F), while winter days are warm, but nights can be cold, sometimes dropping to 5°C (41°F). Most rain falls in the summer wet season (November to March), and the rest of the year is usually dry and sunny.

## Population 
As of the 2021 census, about 500 people live in Julia Creek. It is a small but important town for the surrounding rural area.

## Economy 
Julia Creek's economy is based on:
* Beef cattle farming
* Tourism
* Mining (especially in nearby areas like Cloncurry and Mount Isa)
* Transport

Julia Creek is connected by:
* Flinders Highway – a major road across northern Queensland
* Railway line – part of the Great Northern Line
* Airstrip – small airport for mail and medical flights

## Facilities 
The town has:
* A primary school
* Medical clinic
* Swimming pool
* Shops, fuel station, and pub
* A visitor information centre

## Tourism and Attractions 
Julia Creek is known for its friendly outback atmosphere. Visitors can enjoy:
* "At the Creek" Visitor Centre – includes displays about the region and the Julia Creek dunnart, a rare small marsupial
* Nature walks and birdwatching
* Camping grounds and outback sunsets
* The annual Julia Creek Dirt n Dust Festival (including a triathlon, horse races, and fun events)

## Events 
* Dirt n Dust Festival – held in April, includes sports, music, and Outback fun
* Local agricultural shows, campdrafts, and rodeo events
Boulia, Queensland

**Boulia** is a small town in central-western Queensland, Australia. It is the main town in the Shire of Boulia and is located in the Channel Country, near the Simpson Desert. Boulia is about 300 kilometres (186 miles) south of Mount Isa and around 1,700 kilometres (1,056 miles) from Brisbane.

## History 
Boulia is in the traditional lands of the Pitta Pitta people, the area’s Indigenous people. The town was established in the late 19th century as a service centre for cattle grazing in the region.

The name "Boulia" may come from an Aboriginal word meaning "water hole".

## Geography 
Boulia lies in the Channel Country, a flat, dry area where rivers only flow after heavy rain. The town is near the Burke River, which only has water during flood seasons. The surrounding landscape is made up of grasslands, desert, and gibber plains (rocky deserts). The Donohue Highway from the Northern Territory meets the Boulia Mount Isa Road near Boulia. Along with the Winton Road, these roads are part of the Outback Way – a 2,800 km mix of gravel and bitumen roads known as "Australia's Longest Shortcut," running from Laverton in Western Australia to Winton in Queensland.

## Climate 
Boulia has a hot desert climate. It is one of the hottest and driest towns in Australia. Summer temperatures often go above 40°C (104°F). Winters are mild during the day, but nights can be cold. Most rain falls in summer, but rainfall is very low and unreliable.  The sky is usually clear and sunny, and there is strong radiative cooling at night. 

## Population 
As of the 2021 census, about 300 people live in Boulia. It is a small town but provides services for surrounding cattle stations and remote areas.

## Economy 
Boulia’s economy is based mainly on:
* Beef cattle grazing
* Tourism, especially Outback travel and events
* Some local services and government work

## Transport 
Boulia is connected by:
* Roads: including the Outback Way, a partly sealed route linking Winton, Boulia, and Alice Springs
* Airstrip: Boulia has a small airport with flights to Mount Isa and other towns
* No railway services

## Tourism and Attractions 
Boulia is known for:
* The Min Min Light – a mysterious light seen in the desert at night; locals and visitors have reported sightings for over 100 years
* The Min Min Encounter Centre – an interactive museum about the lights and Outback life
* Outback landscapes, sunsets, and wildlife
* Access to nearby desert tracks for 4WD and camping

## Events 
* Boulia Camel Races – a major annual event held in July, attracting visitors from across Australia
* Local rodeo and sports days
* Easter and Christmas community celebrations

## Facilities 
Boulia has:
* A primary school In 2017, the school had an enrolment of 27 students with 4 teachers and 4 non-teaching staff (3 full-time equivalent).
* A health clinic
* Shops, a fuel station, post office, and pub
* A visitor centre and library
* Public campgrounds and accommodation

## References
Winton, Queensland

**Winton **is a small town in central-west Queensland, Australia. It is the main town in the Shire of Winton and is located in the Outback, about 1,350 kilometres (840 miles) northwest of Brisbane and 180 kilometres (112 miles) northwest of Longreach.

## History 
The Winton area is on the land of the Koa people, the region’s Traditional Owners.

European settlement began in the late 1800s, and Winton became a service centre for the growing sheep and cattle industries.

Winton is known as the birthplace of “Waltzing Matilda,” one of Australia's most famous songs. It was first performed in Winton in 1895.

## Geography 
Winton is located in the Channel Country, a dry region where rivers only flow after heavy rain. The land around Winton is mostly flat and dry, with gibber plains (rocky deserts), grasslands, and red soil. The town sits near the Western River (a dry riverbed most of the year).

## Climate 
Winton has a hot semi-arid climate. It is very hot in summer and mild in winter. Summer temperatures often go above 40°C (104°F), and winters are warm during the day, but nights can fall below 5°C (41°F). Rain is rare, but most falls between December and March. Clear skies mean strong sun during the day and cool nights.

## Population 
As of the 2021 census, about 875 people live in Winton. Although small, Winton plays an important role in the Outback region.

## Economy 
Winton’s economy is based on:
* Sheep and cattle grazing
* Tourism, especially fossil tourism and Outback history
* Local services for surrounding properties

## Transport 
Winton is connected by:
* Road: On the Landsborough Highway between Longreach and Cloncurry
* Rail: Winton used to have a train line, but it is now closed
* Air: Winton has a small airport with flights to Longreach, Townsville, and other towns

## Tourism and Attractions 
Winton is famous for its dinosaur fossils, bush poetry, and Outback culture. Tourist attractions include:
* Australian Age of Dinosaurs Museum – home to real dinosaur fossils found nearby
* Waltzing Matilda Centre – a museum about the song and Outback life
* Dinosaur Stampede National Monument at Lark Quarry – the site of 95-million-year-old dinosaur footprints
* Outback landscapes, wildlife, and sunsets

## Events 
Winton hosts popular events such as:
* Waltzing Matilda Day (April)
*O utback Festival – held every two years, includes fun games, races, and music
* Way Out West Festival – country music and culture
* Film festivals – Winton has been a filming location for Outback movies

## Facilities 
Winton has:
* A school
* A hospital and health clinic
* Shops, fuel station, and pubs
* A library, museums, and visitor centre
* Caravan parks and tourist accommodation