open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Bünzen

**Bünzen** can mean:

;in Switzerland
* Bünzen, Switzerland, in the canton of Aargau

;in Germany
* Bünzen, Germany, a locality of Aukrug, Schleswig-Holstein
Clyde Scott

**Clyde Luther Scott** (August 29, 1924 – January 30, 2018) was an American athlete. He competed professionally in the National Football League and earned an Olympic medal in the 110 meter hurdles. He was born in Dixie, Louisiana. He played for the Philadelphia Eagles from 1949 through 1952 and for the Detroit Lions in 1952.

Scott died on January 30, 2018, at age 93.

## References
Meri Durga

**Meri Durga** was a 2017 Indian television series. It was broadcasted on Star Plus. The series was created by the producers Ravindra Gautam and Pradeep Kumar under their own banner Paperback Films. The show premiered on 26 January 2017. It starred Paras Kalnawat, Srishti Jain, Vicky Ahuja and Ananya Agarwal. The show  went off air on 17 March 2018 getting replaced by Ikyawann

## Cast 
### Main cast 
*Srishti Jain as Durga Choudhary Ahlawat: Yashpal and Annapurna's adopted daughter; Amrita's foster sister; SP's wife (2017–2018)
**Ananya Agarwal as Young Durga (2017)
*Paras Kalnawat as Sanjay Prince "SP" Ahlawat: Gayatri and Neelkant's son; Gagan's brother; Durga's husband (2017–2018)
**Yash Mistry as Young SP (2017)
* Vicky Ahuja as Yashpal "Yash" Choudhary: Santoshi's son; Brijpal's brother; Annapurna's husband; Durga's adoptive father; Amrita's father (2017–2018)

### Recurring cast 
*Kate Sharma / Urfi Javed as Aarti Singhania: Purushottam's daughter; SP's childhood friend (2017–2018)
**Arishfa Khan as Young Aarti (2017)
*Rajesh Shringarpure / Ankur Nayyar as Rajveer Rana: Durga's coach (2017–2018)
*Rashmi Shaw / Mrigrash Dubey as Annapurna Choudhary: Yashpal's wife; Durga's adoptive mother; Amrita's mother (2017–2018)
* Rajiv Khanna as Brijpal Choudhary: Yashpal's brother; Sheela's husband; Shilpa and Bantu's father (2017–2018)
* Jyotika Kukrety as Sheela Choudhary: Brijpal's wife; Shilpa and Bantu's mother (2017–2018)
* Akshay Choudhary as Chote
*Amardeep Jha as Santoshi "Santo" Choudhary: Yashpal and Brijpal's mother; Durga's adoptive grandmother; Amrita, Shilpa and Bantu's grandmother
*Raj Sharnagat as Manohar
* Prince Singh as 2/2 Bhagwat
* Raquib Arshad as SRK
*Parineeta Borthakur/Dolly Sohi as Gayatri Devi Ahlawat/Athlete Jassi: Neelakant's wife; SP and Gagan's mother (2017–2018)
* Rajiv Kumar as Neelkant Ahlawat: Gayatri's husband; SP and Gagan's father
* Paras Sharma as Gagan Singh Ahlawat: Gayatri and Neelkant's son; SP's brother; Anjana's husband
* Jiya Chauhan as Anjana Ahlawat: Gagan's wife
* Aishwarya Sharma Bhatt / Sonal Parihar / Swapnil Sengar as Amrita Choudhary Deshmukh: Yashpal and Annapurna's daughter; Durga's adoptive sister; Madhav's ex-wife; Umang's mother
* Adhvik Mahajan as Madhav Deshmukh: Amrita's former husband; Umang's father
* Advait as Umang Deshmukh: Amrita and Madhav's son
* Ashna Kishore as Shilpa Choudhary: Brijpal and Sheela's daughter; Bantu's sister
* Ramansh Bundela as Bantu Choudhary: Brijpal and Sheela's son; Shilpa's brother
*Shanaya Shivi as Kuljeet: Durga's friend
* Soham Jadhav as Young Manohar
* Sanjay Kaushik as Rishi
* Apala Bisht As Laxmi
* Rakhi Vijan as Subhadra
* Nandani Master as Srijita
* Mohsin as Bhagwat
* Mohammad Saud as Bansi
* Satya Tiwari as Samrat "Sam" Singh: Durga's former one-sided lover, SP and Aarti's rival
* Ritu Bhagwani as Tanvi
* Urmila Sharma as Rohini
* Tariq Khan as Kadam
* Vishal C. Bhardwaj as Purushottam Singhania: Aarti's father
*Dimple Jhangiani as senior district magistrate
* Nia Sharma as Palasha Trivedi: Durga's friend (2017–2018)
*Rishina Kandhari as Durga's Teacher (Senorita)
* Apurva Agnihotri as Coach Bhagat
*Anchal Sahu

## References
Ravi Town

**Ravi** () is an administrative town (tehsil) in Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. The town is named after the Ravi River. 

## Neighbourhoods
## References
Barys Kit

**Barys Uladzimiravich Kit** (, ; April 6, 1910 – February 1, 2018) was a Belarusian American rocket scientist. He was born in Saint Petersburg, Russian Empire.

In the mid-1950s Kit began his scientific activities in the field of astronautics. He worked for 25 years in the American space research program. As a mathematician and systems analyst, he took part in projects aimed at the development of intercontinental missile systems.

Kit died on February 1, 2018 in Frankfurt-am-Main, Germany of pneumonia at the age of 107.

## References
Dennis Edwards

**Dennis Edwards** (February 3, 1943 – February 1, 2018) was an American soul and R&B singer. He the lead singer in The Temptations, on Motown Records. He was born in Fairfield, Alabama. 

Edwards died of a stroke as complications from meningitis in Chicago, Illinois on February 1, 2018 at the age of 74.

## References
William J. Hughes

**William John "Bill" Hughes** (October 17, 1932 &ndash; October 30, 2019) was an American politician. He served as a Democratic member of the U.S. House of Representatives from 1975 to 1995. He represented New Jersey’s Second Congressional District.

After retiring from Congress in 1995, Hughes was appointed by President Bill Clinton as United States Ambassador to Panama, a post he held  until October, 1998 leading up to the historic turnover of the Panama Canal to Panama control.

Hughes died on October 30, 2019 in Ocean City, New Jersey, just thirteen days after his 87th birthday.

## References
Flag of Ethiopia

The **flag of Ethiopia** was created in 1996.

## Appearance 
It has a horizontal tricolour of green, yellow and red, it is the National Emblem superimposed at the center.

## References
Samanabad

**Samanabad** (Urdu: سمن آباد) is neighborhood town located in Samanabad Tehsil of Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.

## Academic institutions 
* Government College for Women
* Government Central Model High School
* Government Islamia High School
* Government Girls Higher Secondary School
* Government Institute of Commerce
* Government Sulemania High School
* Government Junior Model School
* KIPS
* Lahore Grammar School

## Sports 
Samanabad Sports Arena has been established which provides facilities such as Badminton, Gym, Squash, Table Tennis, Taekwando, Aerobics and Snooker to the members.

## Roads 
* Main Boulevard Samanabad
* Poonch Road
* Ghazali Road

## References
Disney's Magical Express

'''Disney's Magical Express''' was a private ground transportation and luggage service delivery for Walt Disney World Resort operated by Mears Transportation. The service was complimentary and available exclusively to guests with reservations at one of 21 Walt Disney World Resort hotels.

In 2015, Universal Orlando, Disney's main competitor in the area, announced their own airport shuttle to their resort. The Universal service is operated by SuperShuttle, costs $35 round-trip, and has guests take care of their own luggage.

## Participating Airlines 
* Air Canada
* Alaska Airlines
* American Airlines
* Delta Air Lines
* JetBlue Airways
* Southwest Airlines
* United Airlines

## Former Participating Airlines 
*America West Airlines (merged with US Airways)
*Northwest (merged with Delta)
*Song (2006) (folded back into Delta)
*Ted (2008) (folded back into United)
*Continental Airlines (merged with United)
*AirTran Airways (bought by Southwest)
*US Airways (merged with American)

## References
Károly Palotai

**Károly Palotai** (11 September 1935 – 3 February 2018) was a Hungarian association football player and referee. He was an Olympic Gold winner as a player before turning to refereeing. He was a referee at three World Cup tournaments and officiated in two European Cup finals. He also served as an official referee for FIFA.

Palotai died in Budapest on 3 February 2018 of a stroke at the age of 82.

## References
## Other websites
*Referee profile on worldfootball.net
Miguel León-Portilla

**Miguel León-Portilla** (February 22, 1926 &ndash; October 1, 2019) was a Mexican anthropologist and historian. He was the prime authority on Nahuatl thought and literature. He was thought to have helped revive the language through his books.

León-Portilla was important in bringing to light the works of Father Bernardino de Sahagún, who was a 16th-century primary source on the Aztec civilization and whose works have become one of the major references for cultural and historical information on Postclassic Central Mexico.

On December 12, 2013, León-Portilla received the Living Legend Award from the U.S. Library of Congress.

## References
Bill Pascrell

**William James Pascrell Jr.**  (January 25, 1937 &ndash; August 21, 2024) was an American politician. He was the U.S. Representative for  until his death.  He represented  from January 1997 until the redistricting of January 2013. He was a member of the Democratic Party.

In July 2024, Pascrell was hospitalized in Paterson, New Jersey after having a respiratory tract infection. He was released in early August, however was hospitalized again in Livingston, New Jersey. Pascrell died on August 21, 2024, at the age of 87.

## References
## Other websites
*Congressman Bill Pascrell  official U.S. House site
*Bill Pascrell for Congress 
*
*
*
Hazar Khan Bijarani

**Mir Hazar Khan Bijarani**  *(Urdu: میرہزار خان بجارانی)* (10 July 1946 – 1 February 2018) was a Pakistani politician. He served as a Member of the Provincial Assembly of Sindh from June 2013 to February 2018 and before served from 1974 to 1977. He was also a member of the National Assembly of Pakistan from 1990 to 1993 and again from 1997 to 2013. He was born in Karampur, Kashmore District.

Bijarani was found dead in his home in Karachi on 1 February 2018 along with his second wife Fariha Razzaq Haroon. Police say that Bijarani shot and killed his wife and committed suicide afterwards.

## References
Flag of Nicaragua

]]
 at the Plaza de la Independencia, Granada, Nicaragua]]

The **flag of Nicaragua** was created in 1971.

## Appearance 
It has a horizontal bands of blue (top and bottom) and white, it is the coat of arms of Nicaragua centered on the white band.
Elizabeth Schuyler Hamilton

**Elizabeth Hamilton** (née **Schuyler** ; August 9, 1757 – November 9, 1854), also called **Eliza** or **Betsey**, was a socialite and philanthropist. She was from the wealthy and slave owning Van Rensselaer and Schuyler families. She was married to American founding father Alexander Hamilton.  

She was a defender of his works, a mother, and co-founder and deputy director of Graham Windham, the first private orphanage in New York City. 

## References
Hukum Singh

**Hukum Singh** (5 April 1938 – 3 February 2018) was an Indian politician. He served as the Member of Parliament from Kairana in Uttar Pradesh. He was a member of the Bharatiya Janata Party. He was a member of the Panel of Chairpersons of the 16th Lok Sabha, and the Chairperson of the Standing Committee on Water Resources. He was born in Kairana, Uttar Pradesh.

Singh died of respiratory arrest in Noida, Uttar Pradesh on 3 February 2018 at the age of 79.

## References
Rolf Zacher

**Rolf Zacher** (28 March 1941 – 3 February 2018) was a German actor. He appeared in more than 160 movies and television shows from 1961 until his retirement in 2017. He starred in the 1971 movie *Jaider, der einsame Jäger*. It was entered into the 21st Berlin International Film Festival. He was born in Berlin. Zacher starred in the lead role as Angelo in the 1984 television series *Angelo und Luzy*.

Zacher died at a nursing home in Hamburg, Germany on 3 February 2018 of complications from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease at the age of 76.

## References
## Other websites
*
William Joseph Bauer

**William Joseph Bauer** (September 15, 1926 &ndash; December 15, 2025) was an American judge. He was born in Chicago, Illinois. He was the Senior Judge on the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit from October 31, 1994 until his death. He served as Chief Judge of the court from 1986 through 1993. He was nominated to serve by President Gerald Ford.

Bauer died on December 15, 2025 in North Riverside, Illinois at the age of 99.

## References
## Other websites
* DCBA Brief Online
Anatoly Glushenkov

**Anatoly Glushenkov** (November 20, 1942 – January 16, 2018) was a Russian politician. He served as the Governor of Smolensk Oblast from 1993 to 1998. He was the first popularly elected Governor of Smolensk Oblast. He was born in the Smolensk Oblast.

Glushenkov died on January 16, 2018 in Smolensk, Russia at the age of 75.

## References
Everett McKinley Dirksen United States Courthouse

The **Everett McKinley Dirksen United States Courthouse**, commonly referred to as the **Dirksen Federal Building**, is a skyscraper in downtown Chicago, Illinois. It was designed by Ludwig Mies van der Rohe and completed in 1964. The building is 384 feet (117 m) tall, with 30 floors. It was named for U.S. Congressman and Senator Everett Dirksen. 

The building houses the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit, the United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois, the United States Bankruptcy Court, the United States Marshal for the Northern District of Illinois, United States Attorney for the Northern District of Illinois, and local offices for various court-related federal agencies, such as the Federal Public Defender, United States Probation Service and United States Trustee. 

## Other websites
*Dirksen Federal Building on Emporis
*General Services Administration  Website
Diane Wood

**Diane Pamela Wood** (born July 4, 1950) is an American judge. She is the Chief United States Circuit Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit. She is also a senior lecturer at the University of Chicago Law School.

Wood then clerked for Judge Irving Goldberg of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit from 1975 to 1976 and for Associate Justice Harry Blackmun of the United States Supreme Court from 1976 to 1977. She was among the first women to clerk at the Supreme Court.

In 2010, she was on the short list of potential nominees to take retiring Justice John Paul Stevens's seat, but that nomination instead went to United States Solicitor General Elena Kagan.

## References
## Other websites
*FJC Bio
* http://news.uchicago.edu/static/wood.php  Photos of Judge Wood at the University of Chicago
*The Long, Clear, Inspiring Record of Diane Wood, by Glenn Greenwald, 4-19-2010
*
Samsung Galaxy S7

The **Samsung Galaxy S7** and **Samsung Galaxy S7 Edge** is a smartphone created by Samsung Electronics. It runs the Android software.
The phone was officially revealed on 21 February 2016, during a Samsung press conference at Mobile World Congress, with a European and North American release on 11 March 2016.

The device has an improved camera and is protected against ingress of water. The amount of internal storage can be increased using memory cards known as "MicroSD cards". This was also the case on the Samsung Galaxy S5, but not on the Samsung Galaxy S6.

## Related pages
* Samsung Galaxy

## References
United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit

The **United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit** (in case citations, **7th Cir.**) is a federal court with appellate jurisdiction over the courts in the following districts:
* Central District of Illinois
* Northern District of Illinois
* Southern District of Illinois
* Northern District of Indiana
* Southern District of Indiana
* Eastern District of Wisconsin
* Western District of Wisconsin

The court is based at the Dirksen Federal Building in Chicago, Illinois. It is one of thirteen United States courts of appeals.  It is made-up of eleven appellate judges.

## References
## Other websites
* United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit
* Recent opinions from FindLaw
* Official wiki of the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit  — Launched April 18, 2007
* The Seventh Circuit Review
Robert J. Shiller

**Robert James Shiller** (born March 29, 1946) is an American Nobel Laureate, economist, academic, and best-selling author. He serves as a Sterling Professor of Economics at Yale University and is a fellow at the Yale School of Management's International Center for Finance.

## Early life
Shiller was born in Detroit, Michigan. He studied at Kalamazoo College and the University of Michigan where he received his B.A. degree in 1967.  He received the S.M. degree from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in 1968, and his Ph.D. from MIT in 1972.

## Career
Shiller has been a researcher of the National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) since 1980, was vice president of the American Economic Association in 2005, and president of the Eastern Economic Association for 2006–2007.

Eugene Fama, Lars Peter Hansen and Shiller received the 2013 Nobel Prize in Economics.

## References
## Other websites
* Article on Robert J. Shiller (German language) 
* Robert Shiller's interview on the housing crisis with *The Politic* 
* Video conversation on the economy with Shiller and Robert Wright on Bloggingheads.tv.
* "Finance and the Good Society – Irreconcilable or Inseparable?"  Presentation by Robert J. Shiller for the CFO Insight Magazine, August 2012
* Link to podcast lecture at London School of Economics on Sub Prime Crisis 
* RSA Vision webcasts – Robert Shiller in conversation with Daniel Finkelstein on "How Human Psychology Drives the Economy"
Greektown, Chicago

**Greektown** is a dining and nightlife district on the Near West Side in Chicago, Illinois. It  is one of many neighborhoods that make up the Near West Side community area. It is popular with tourists and Chicago residents alike.

Greektown's bars and restaurants lie roughly between Van Buren and Madison Streets, along Halsted Street, west of the Loop.

The Chicago Transit Authority's Blue Line to the UIC-Halsted station can travel to Greektown.

## References
## Other websites
*Greektown Chicago
Aligarh

**Aligarh** is a city in Uttar Pradesh, India. It is the headquarters of the Aligarh district of Uttar Pradesh state. This city is famous for lock industries and Aligarh Muslim University. Aligarh is one of the largest cities of the state. It is also the 55th largest city of the nation.

The Battle of Aligarh was fought on 1 September 1803 during the Second Anglo-Maratha War (1803–1805) at Aligarh Fort. Aligarh district is divided into five tehsils, namely Kol Tehsil, Khair Tehsil, Atrauli, Gabhana and Iglas. These tehsils are further divided into 12 blocks.2011 census showed the Aligarh urban area with a population of .

## References
## Other websites
Mainpuri district

**Mainpuri district** is one of the districts in Agra division of Uttar Pradesh state of India. Mainpuri town is the district headquarters. It consists of six tehsils, namely Mainpuri, Bhongaon, Karhal, Kishni, Kurawali and Ghiror.
## Demographics
According to the 2011 census Mainpuri district has a population of 1,847,194.This gives it a ranking of 255th in India (out of a total of 640).
## References
Aligarh district

**Aligarh district** is a district in the north Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. The district belongs to Aligarh Division, Uttar Pradesh.
## Demographics
According to the 2011 census Aligarh district has a population of 36,73,849,This gives it a ranking of 76th in India (out of a total of 640).

## References
Duty

]]
**Duty**  is a term that conveys a sense of moral commitment or obligation to someone or something. The moral commitment usually results in action and is not a matter of passive feeling or mere recognition. When someone recognizes a duty, that person theoretically commits himself to its fulfillment without considering their own self-interest. This is not to suggest that living a life of duty entirely precludes a life of leisure; however, its fulfillment generally involves some sacrifice of immediate self-interest. Typically, "the demands of justice, honor, and reputation are deeply bound up" with duty.

Cicero discusses the concept of  duty in his work “On Duty". There, he suggests that duties can come from four different sources:
# as result of being human
# as a result of one's particular place in life (one's family, one's country, one's job)
# as a result of one's character
# as a result of one's own moral expectations for oneself

Other uses of the word have sprung from the root idea of obligation, a concept involved in the notion of duty. For example, the concept  is used to describe the services performed by a minister of a church, by a soldier, or by any employee or servant.

Many schools of thought have debated the idea of duty. Many assert mankind's duty on their own terms, but some philosophers have absolutely rejected a sense of duty.

Duty has to be accepted and understood on the basis of one's foundation of sense and knowledge. Therefore, duty and its manifestations vary with values from culture to culture. On one hand duty may be seen as terms of reference, job description, or behavior - and it is all of that ... but duty is not only about doing things right, it is about doing the right thing.

## References 
## Related pages 
*Compulsory voting
*Conscription
*Deontological ethics
Mesocco

**Mesocco** is a municipality in Moesa in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland.

This municipality is the farthest north in the Misox valley. It is one of the largest in the canton. The secondary school for the area, the local district courts, and many government offices are in Mesocco. It consists of the village of Mesocco with eleven sections, including the mountain village of San Bernardino.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Official website
Samsung Galaxy S8

The **Samsung Galaxy S8**, **Samsung Galaxy S8+** (shortened to **S8** and **S8+**, respectively) and **Samsung Galaxy S8 Active** are Android smartphones produced by Samsung Electronics as part of the Samsung Galaxy S series. The S8 and S8+ were unveiled on 29 March 2017 and directly succeed the Samsung Galaxy S7 and S7 Edge, with a North American release on 21 April 2017 and international rollout throughout April and May. The S8 Active was announced on 8 August 2017, and is exclusive to certain U.S. cellular carriers.

## Sales 
The sales saw 720,000 units sold in one week, an increase from 100,000 units of the Galaxy S7 and 200,000 units of the Galaxy Note 7.

## Related pages
* Samsung Galaxy

## References
Roderen

**Roderen** is a commune. It is in the Haut-Rhin department of eastern France.

## Related pages 
* Communes of the Haut-Rhin department

## References 
*INSEE commune file
*Logement
Flag of Honduras

The **flag of Honduras** was created in 1866.

## Appearance 
It has a horizontal bands of blue (top and bottom) and white, with five blue five-pointed stars arranged in an "X" pattern centered on the white band.

## References
Automobile Dacia

**Automobile Dacia S.A.** is a Romanian car company. The company was founded in 1966, and has been a subsidiary of the French car manufacturer Renault since 1999. It is Romania's top company by revenue and the largest exporter, constituting 7.3% of the country's total exports in 2014. The Dacia manufacturing plant in Mioveni, Argeș County is Europe's fifth biggest car manufacturing facility by volume producing 584,219 units (cars and CKD kits) delivered in 2016 and 550,912 units in 2015.

## Models
### Current
* Dacia Duster Pick-Up (2020–present)
* Dacia Logan III (2020–present)
* Dacia Sandero III (2020–present)
* Dacia Sandero Stepway III (2020–present)
* Dacia Spring Electric (2021–present)
* Dacia Spring Cargo (2021–present)
* Dacia Jogger (2022–present)
* Dacia Sandrider (2023–present)
* Dacia Duster III (2024–present)
* Dacia Bigster (2025–present)

### Former
* Dacia 1100 (1968–1972)
* Dacia 1300 (1969–1979)
* Dacia 1301 (1970–1974)
* Dacia D6 Estafette (1974–1976)
* Dacia 1302 (1975–1982)
* Dacia 1210/1310/1410 (1979–2004; *Dacia Denem* in the United Kingdom)
* Dacia 1304 Pick Up (1979–2006)
* Dacia 2000 (1980–1982)
* Dacia Duster (1983–1990s; rebadged ARO 10 in the United Kingdom)
* Dacia 1310 Sport/1410 Sport (1983–1992)
* Dacia 1320 (1985–1989)
* Dacia 1305 Drop Side (1985–2006)
* Dacia 500 Lăstun (1988–1991)
* Dacia Liberta (1990–1996)
* Dacia 1309 (1992–1997)
* Dacia 1307 King Cab (1992–2003)
* Dacia 1307 Double Cab (1992–2006)
* Dacia Nova (1994–1999)
* Dacia SupeRNova (2000–2003)
* Dacia Solenza (2003–2005)
* Dacia Logan I (2004–2012)
* Dacia Logan I MCV (2006–2012)
* Dacia Logan Van (2007–2012)
* Dacia Logan Pick-Up (2008–2012)
* Dacia Sandero I (2008–2012)
* Dacia Sandero Stepway I (2008–2012)
* Dacia Duster I (2009–2017)
* Dacia Logan II (2012–2020)
* Dacia Logan II MCV (2012–2020)
* Dacia Sandero II (2012–2020)
* Dacia Sandero Stepway II (2012–2020)
* Dacia Logan II Stepway (2019–2020)
* Dacia Dokker (2012–2021)
* Dacia Lodgy (2012–2022)
* Dacia Duster II (2017–2024)

### Prototypes
* Dacia Braşovia coupé (1980)
* Mini-Dacia (1980s) – prototype made from cut-down Dacia 1310 panels and easily changeable from hatchback to pick-up to convertible according to removable panels
* Dacia Jumbo highrise van (1990)
* Dacia Nova minivan (1998)
* Several prototypes of the 1310 with diesel, LPG or smaller engines, throughout the model history
* Dacia Star (1991)
* Dacia 1310 convertible (1987; three produced)
* Dacia 1306 saloon-derived pick-up (1994/5; very small series)
* Dacia 1310 Break Limousine (late 1980s) – stretched estate with seven seats, several produced in normal-roofed and high-roofed variants
* Dacia D33 (1997) – prototype made by IDEA design house in Turin, one model only
* Dacia 1310 4x4 / Aro 12 (late 1980s) – estate-derived 4x4, very small series
* Dacia Duster concept car (2009)

## References 
## Other websites 
*
Flag of Syria

The **flag of Syria** has a horizontal tricolour of green, white, and black, with three red stars in the centre. It was adopted in 2024. It is also the flag of the Syrian opposition.

## Historical flags 

Flag of the Syrian transitional government (Shahada).svg|Tawhid flag sometimes used by the transitional government (2024)
Flag of the United Arab Republic (1958–1971), Flag of Syria (1980–2024).svg|1980-2024
Flag of Syria (1972–1980).svg|1972–1980
Flag of Syria (1963–1972).svg|1963–1972
Flag of Syria (1930–1958, 1961–1963).svg|1961–1963
Flag of the United Arab Republic (1958–1971).svg|1958–1961
Flag of Syria (1930–1958, 1961–1963).svg|1930-1958

## Colours 
### Meaning 
## Notes
## References
Ramzan Chhipa

**Muhammad Ramzan Chhipa**, is a humanitarian and a social worker from Karachi, Pakistan. He is the founder of Chhipa Welfare Association.

## References
Star Bharat

**Star Bharat** () is a Hindi language Indian television channel. It is a part of Star India which is fully owned by 21st Century Fox.  

## Current TV programs 
### Currently broadcast
#### Comedy series
* *Kya Haal, Mr. Paanchal*
* *Kaal Bhairav Rahasya*

### Comedy series
*Jai Kanhaiya Lal Ki

#### Reality/non-scripted programming
**Golden Divas Baatein With the Baadshah*
* *Om Shanti Om*
## References
Subho Drishti

***Subho Drishti*** is a popular Bengali television soap opera. It premiered on 1 January 2018. It airs on Colors Bangla. It stars Gourab Roy Chowdhury and Aishwarya Sen in lead roles and Bidipta Chakraborty and Sukanya Goswami in  a negative role. The show is produced by Magic Moments Motion Pictures.

## Plot
It is a bittersweet story about two pairs of siblings – Abir-Drishti and Subho-Antara. The two have connected destinies and they cross paths many times, which leads to a series of explosive coincidences and interesting events.

## Cast
*Gourab Roy Chowdhury as Subhojit Mukherjee (Subho) / Main Male Lead
*Aishwarya Sen as Drishti Subhojit Mukherjee / Main Female Lead
*Deborshi Banerjee/Rajib Basu as Abir Basu / Parallel Male Lead
*Oindrilla Bose as Antara Abir Basu / Parallel Female Lead
*Bidipta Chakraborty as Annapoorna Mukherjee / Main Female Antagonist
*Raj Bhattacharya as Rahul Gupta / Main Male Antagonist
*Sandip Dey as Drishti 's Father
*Niladri Lahiri as Rajat Deb Roy
*Abanti Dutta as Krishna Deb Roy
*Saurav Chakraborty as Abhik
*Saurav Ghosh as Subho's Assistant
*Sukanya Goswami as Sana / Parallel Female Antagonist
*Indrakshi Nag as Debjani Chowdhury / Antagonist

## Guest appearances
*Prosenjit Chatterjee as Bumba Daa
*Rituparna Sengupta as Ritu Di

## References
* http://www.tellychakkar.com/tv/tv-news/read-know-more-about-colors-banglas-subho-drishti-171223
* http://www.tellychakkar.com/tv/tv-news/raj-bhattacharyya-play-key-role-subho-drishti-171228
* https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/bengali/subho-drishtis-team-celebrates-as-the-show-completes-100-episodes/articleshow/63715302.cms
Maaz ibn Jabal

**Maaz ibn Jabal** () (603 – 639) was one of the companions of Muhammad. He belonged to the tribe of Banu Khazraj. He accepted Islam before the Second pledge at al-Aqabah. He was known as the one with a lot of knowledge. According to Islamic belief, he was called by Muhammad, "the one who will lead the scholars into Paradise". Muhammad sent Muaz to Yemen to teach its people about Islam. He also helped in collecting the Quran in written form.

## References
Hadejia River

The **Hadejia River** (known as *kogin Haɗeja* in Hausa language) is a river in northern Nigeria and is a part of the Yobe River (Komadugu Yobe). 
The river flows through Hadejia which the river forms along with Nguru Lake. 
The Hadejia river is now 80% controlled by the Tiga and Challawa Gorge dams in Kano State.

## References
## Other websites
*
*
Ogun River

The **Ogun River** is a waterway in Nigeria that discharges into the Lagos Lagoon.

The river starts in Oyo State near Shaki and flows through Ogun State into Lagos State.
The river is crossed by the Ikere Gorge Dam in the Iseyin local government area of Oyo State.
The river passes through the Old Oyo National Park, providing recreational facilities for tourists.
In rural and local areas where the river flows through, the river is used for bathing, washing and drinking. It is also used as a drain for mostly organic wastes from abattoirs located along the river's course.

## References
Lagos Lagoon

**Lagos Lagoon** is a lagoon in Nigeria. It is named after the city of Lagos, Nigeria. The city is on the southwestern side of the lagoon.

## Description
The lagoon is more than  long. It is  wide. It is separated from the Atlantic Ocean by a long sand spit  wide. The sand spit has swampy margins on the lagoon side. The lagoon's surface area is about .  It is fairly shallow. Ocean-going ships don't go through it. Smaller barges and boats do.

## References
Anupriya Kapoor

**Anupriya Kapoor** is an Indian television Actress from Delhi. She known for her role as Taani Bannerjee in Tere Liye.

## Television
## Awards
## References
The Boring Company

**The Boring Company** is a tunnel boring company founded by Elon Musk, who earlier started SpaceX. It aims to reduce traffic congestion in urban areas. It operates an underground "Las Vegas Convention Center Loop".

Elon Musk complained via Twitter about Los Angeles traffic and the same day, December 17, 2016, founded the company. It built a short test tunnel in Los Angeles.

To raise money for the expensive project, Elon Musk started selling promotional merchandise - first caps and then flamethrowers (branded as 'Not a flamethrower' to stop customs) and then fire extinguishers to go with them. The company website is written in a lighthearted tone, for example describing the fire extinguishers as 'overpriced'.

## References
Flag of Jamaica

The **flag of Jamaica** was created in 1962 in anticipation of its independence day in August 6. It was agreed by the deciding committee that the flag should include the colours black, yellow, and green. It is currently the only country flag without red, white or blue.

## Appearance 
It has a gold diagonal cross divides the field into four triangles of green (top and bottom) and black (hoist-side and fly-side).

## References
Flag of Guatemala

of Guatemala flying on an outdoor flagpole]]

The **flag of Guatemala** was created in 1871.

## Appearance 
It has a vertical band of light blue (hoist-side and fly-side) and white, with the national emblem centered on the white band.
Munich RE

**Munich Re Group** or **Munich Reinsurance Company** () is a reinsurance company based in Munich, Germany.

The co-founder and Europe CEO is Mark Dennis.

In 2021, the company had EUR 589 million of profit.  In 2024 it was the world’s biggest reinsurer by premium revenue.

## References 
## Other websites
* Official website
Izuku Midoriya

**Izuku Midoriya** is the main character from the manga and anime * My Hero Academia*. He is also known by his hero name **Deku**. He was created by Kōhei Horikoshi.

Horikoshi had first created Midoriya as a sick salaryman that worked at a business which helped supply superheroes with costumes but he would later change him to be a high school boy instead.

Midoriya was voiced by Daiki Yamashita in Japanese and by Justin Briner in English.

Midoriya has appeared in many movies and video games for the series. He has also appeared as a character in *Jump Force* and as a crossover character along with Katsuki Bakugo, Ochaco Uraraka, and All Might in *Fortnite Battle Royale*.

## Biography
Midoriya is a high school boy. He has green hair and grows up idolizing superheroes. In the world, many people are born with superpowers called "quirks" but Midoriya is not one of them. He ends up getting bullied because of this.

After a villain invades the town and trys to attack Katsuki Bakugo, one of Midoriya's bullies, Midoriya attempts to save him. This gives the superhero All Might time to defeat the distracted villain. All Might ends up taking him under his wing and making him his protégé after seeing his heroism. All Might ends up training him and giving him the title of the 9th holder of One-for-All after he eats a piece of All Might's hair. 

He would end up using this power for the first time when he saves Ochaco Uraraka from a crumbling building. He would break his arm in the progress but would end up passing the entry exam for UA.

Midoriya would enter a sports festival against other members of the school. He would eventually be eliminated by Shoto Todoroki after he encouraged Todoroki to use his full power. Afterwards, Midoriya would choose his hero name to be **Deku**, the same name that he was called when he was bullied as a child.

After a year at the school goes by, Midoriya would leave the campus. This was to try and keep both the school and his classmates safe after he learns that the villain All for One's apprentice Tomura Shigaraki is coming to take One-for-All. He would eventually be brought back by the students.

## Reception
Since his introduction, Midoriya has become a very popular and well liked character. He has often been placed on polls of Best or Most Popular Anime Characters.

Midoriya has won many Crunchyroll Anime Awards. This includes "Hero of the Year" in 2017, "Best Hero" in 2018,  "Best Boy" in 2020,  and "Best Fight Scene" in 2021.

## References
Chen Duxiu

**Chen Dixiu** (October 8, 1879 – May 27, 1942) was a Chinese revolutionary from Anhui. He was the founder of the Communist Party of China. In 1902 he studied in Japan and later became the first General Secretary of the  Party from 1921 to 1927.

## References
Kim Yong-il

**Kim Yong-il** (born 2 May 1944) was the Premier of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea from April 2007 to 7 June 2010. Kim Yong-il was elected Premier of the state at the fifth session of the Workers' Party of Korea National Congress in April 2007 replacing Pak Pong-ju. On June 7 2010 Choe Yong-rim was elected by the National Assembly as his successor.

## References
Omar Aggad

**Omar A. Aggad** (20 April 1927 – 1 February 2018) was a Saudi-born Palestinian businessman. He was the founder of the Aggad Investment Company (AICO) and the founder and former chairman of the Arab Palestinian Investment Company (APIC).

Aggad died on 1 February 2018 in Toronto at the age of 90.

## References
Workers' Party of Korea

'''Workers' Party of Korea''' is the only ruling party in the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (North Korea). The party has ruled in the Democratic People's Republic of Korea since its inception in 1949.

The Workers' Party of Korea was established on June 30, 1949 by Kim Il-sung as its leader. The Communist Party of Korea was established on April 25, 1925, based in Seoul. The first secretary of the Communist Party of Korea was Kim Yong-bom. On 30 June 1949, the Workers' Party of Korea was formed based on the merger between the Communist Party of Korea and the new Democratic Party of Korea.
Joseph Polchinski

**Joseph Polchinski** (May 16, 1954 – February 2, 2018) was an American theoretical physicist and string theorist. He was born in White Plains, New York. Polchinski wrote the two-volume textbook *String Theory*, published in 1998. Among his many contributions to theoretical physics, D-branes are the best known. In 2008 he won the Dirac Medal for his work in superstring theory.  He won the 2017 Fundamental Physics Prize.

Polchinski died on February 2, 2018 in Santa Barbara, California at the age of 63.

## References
Dirk Bernard Joseph Schouten

**Dirk Bernard Joseph (Dick) Schouten** (25 January 1923 &ndash; 3 February 2018) was a Dutch economist. He served as Professor of General Economics and Economic History at Tilburg University. He was known for his work in macroeconomic modelling.

Schouten was elected a member of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1975.

Schouten died on 3 February 2018 in The Hague at the age of 95.

## References
Margot Duhalde

**Margot Duhalde** (12 December 1920 – 5 February 2018) was a Chilean pilot. She served with the Air Transport Auxiliary of the Royal Air Force in World War II.

After the war, she flew war planes for the French Air Force. She was France's first female combat pilot. In 1947 she returned to Chile, however the national airline LAN did not hire women as pilots at that time. Instead, she took a job as a private pilot for a businessman until 1949. Later she opened her own flying school and worked as a flight instructor and as an air traffic controller in the air force.

In 1946 Duhalde was made a Knight of the Legion of Honor.

## References
Alan Baker (mathematician)

**Alan Baker**, FRS (19 August 1939 – 4 February 2018) was an English mathematician. He was known for his work on effective methods in number theory, in particular ideas from transcendental number theory. He was born in London. He worked at the University of Cambridge. In 1970, Baker won the Fields Medal.

In 1998 he became a member of the Academia Europaea In 2012 he became a fellow of the American Mathematical Society.

## References
Wojciech Pokora

**Wojciech Pokora** (2 October 1934 – 4 February 2018) was a Polish actor. He has made over 40 appearances in movie and television. He starred in the 1986-1987 television series *Zmiennicy* and *Czterdziestolatek* 1970–1974. He was born in Warsaw. He also appeared in *Man – Woman Wanted* and *A Jungle Book of Regulations*.

Pokora died on 4 February 2018 in Warsaw of complications from a stroke at the age of 83.

## References
## Other websites
*
Séamus Pattison

**Séamus Patrick Pattison** (19 April 1936 – 4 February 2018) was an Irish Labour Party politician. He was born Kilkenny, Ireland.

Pattison served as Leas-Cheann Comhairle of Dáil Éireann from 2002 to 2007, Ceann Comhairle of Dáil Éireann from 1997 to 2002, Minister of State for Social Welfare from 1983 to 1987 and Father of the Dáil from 1995 to 2007. He served as a Teachta Dála (TD) for the Carlow–Kilkenny constituency from 1961 to 2007. 

Pattison was a Member of the European Parliament (MEP) for the Leinster constituency 1981 to 1983.

Pattison died on 4 February 2018 from Parkinson's disease at his home in Kilkenny at the age of 81.

## References
## Other websites
*European Parliament profile
Edwin Jackson (American football)

**Edwin Joseph Jackson** (December 19, 1991 – February 4, 2018) was an American football linebacker. He was born in Atlanta, Georgia. He played college football at Georgia Southern University. He signed with the Arizona Cardinals of the National Football League (NFL) as an undrafted free agent in 2015. He then spent two seasons with the Indianapolis Colts from 2015 to 2017.

On September 2, 2017, Jackson was placed on injured reserve.

On February 4, 2018, Jackson was riding an Uber in Indianapolis, Indiana and asked the driver to pull over because he felt ill. While standing near the interstate, a drunk driver hit and killed Jackson and the Uber driver. Jackson was 26 years old.

## References
Chaghcharan District

**Chaghcharan** also **Firouzkoh** is one of the districts of Ghor Province in central Afghanistan.

## Related pages 
* Chaghcharan
Shalimar, Lahore

**Shalimar** () is an administrative town (tehsil) in Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. It is one of the oldest neighborhoods in Lahore, located along the Grand Trunk Road. The town is named after the Shalimar Gardens, built by Emperor Shah Jahan in 1640.

## Neighbourhoods
## References
Imam Bukhari

**Muhammad ibn Ismail al-Bukhari** (; 810 – 870), or **Imam Bukhari**, was a Persian Sunni scholar who was born in Bukhara (the capital of the Bukhara Region of Uzbekistan). He wrote the hadith collection known as Sahih al-Bukhari, regarded by Sunni Muslims as one of the most authentic (sahih) hadith collections.

## References
Abigail Kinoiki Kekaulike Kawānanakoa

**Abigail Kinoiki Kekaulike Kawānanakoa** (April 23, 1926 &ndash; 11 December 2022) called **Kekau**, was a member of the House of Kawānanakoa. She was born in Honolulu. She was called a princess, a common honorary bestowed to descendants of titled subjects of the Kingdom of Hawaii, although she held no official title and had no power or influence in the Hawaiian state government.

On October 1, 2017, Kawānanakoa married her partner of 21 years, Veronica Gail Worth, in Honolulu.

In 2013 Kawānanakoa asked to be buried in a new crypt at the Royal Mausoleum of Hawaii at Mauna ʻAla next to the Wylie Tomb. The request was approved by the State Land Board in April 26, 2013, but the decision has become controversial in the Hawaiian community.

## References
Etah district

**Etah district** is one of the districts of Uttar Pradesh state of India. Etah town is the district headquarters. Etah district is a part of Aligarh Division.

In 2006, the Ministry of Panchayati Raj named Etah one of the country's 250 most backward districts (total of 640).
## Demographics
Etah district has a population of 1,761,143. This  district according to ranking comes 272nd in India by population (out of a total of 640).

## References
Etah

**Etah** is a municipality in Uttar Pradesh, India. It is also the district headquarters of Etah district of Uttar Pradesh state, India. The main occupation of the people of the district is agriculture. It is situated between Ganga and Yamuna. This region has highly fertile alluvial soil.

## Demographics
Etah had a population of 131,023 according to 2011 Census. Out of this, males were 69,446 and females were 61,577. The literacy rate was 85.62 per cent.

## References
## Other websites
*Uttar Pradesh Assembly Elections
*Etah Assembly Elections
*http://etah.nic.in
*District Factbook Etah
Lauri Love

**Lauri Love** (; born 14 December 1984, United Kingdom) is a Finnish-British activist charged with stealing data from United States Government computers including the US Army, Missile Defense Agency, and NASA by way of computer intrusion.

## Case 
Love is under indictment in the United States (2013 in District of New Jersey, 2014 in Southern District of New York and Eastern District of Virginia). The United States attempted to extradite him to face charges there.

### Extradition hearing 
 protesting for Love's freedom on 26 August 2017]]
During Love's two day extradition hearing on 28 and 29 June 2016 at the Westminster Magistrates' Court in London, his father, Reverend Alexander Love, testified that Lauri Love has Asperger's syndrome and so should not be extradited. Also at the hearing, Simon Baron-Cohen, a psychologist, testified that Love should not be extradited because of his diagnosed disorders, which also include eczema, psychosis, and depression.

On 16 September 2016, at Westminster Magistrates' Court a judge ruled that Love could be extradited to the United States. Love's solicitor Karen Todner said that they would appeal, and on 5 February 2018, Lord Chief Justice Lord Burnett and Mr Justice Ouseley, at the High Court, upheld his appeal against extradition, while ruling that it would "not be oppressive [to] prosecute Mr Love in England for the offences".

## References
Balloonfest '86

'''Balloonfest '86''' was a 1986 event in Cleveland, Ohio. Almost one and a half million balloons were released into the sky. It was meant to raise money for United Way. The balloons flew over Lake Erie and areas near there. They caused problems for traffic, an airport, and the United States Coast Guard. Two boaters were found dead from drowning. The city faced lawsuits of millions of dollars in damage.
Sahih al-Bukhari

**Sahih al-Bukhari** (), also known as **Bukhari Sharif** (), is one of the Kutub al-Sittah (six major hadith collections) of Sunni Islam. These hadith, were collected by the Muslim scholar Muhammad al-Bukhari. Among Sunni Muslims, it is considered the most authentic book after the Quran. Sahih al-Bukhari together with Sahih Muslim is known as *Sahihayn*.

## Details 
Imam Bukhari, from the age of 16 traveled a lot of places to collect hadith reports. It is reported that he collected nearly 600,000 ahadith in his collection. Experts say that the number of full-isnad sayings mount up to roughly 7,397, and without considering repetitions of the same report, the number of hadith sayings reduces to roughly 2,602.

## References
The Hateful Eight

***The Hateful Eight*** is a 2015 American western thriller movie written and directed by Quentin Tarantino. It is about eight violent people who, during a blizzard, meet in a inn and learn they may have reasons to fight each other.

## Plot 
Bounty hunters Marquis Warren and John Ruth agree to travel together. Ruth has a prisoner, Daisy Domergue, who will die when he turns her in. Along the way, they agree to let former Confederate Chris Mannix travel with them, but they do not believe his story that he is the new sheriff. During a blizzard, they stop at an inn. There, they find several more people, including  Confederate General Sandy Smithers, cowboy Joe Gage, and executioner Oswaldo Mobray. Bob, a worker, says the inn's owner is traveling. Warren and Ruth do not trust anyone and take all their guns. Warren, who fought for the Union Army, kills Smithers after saying that he also killed Smithers' son. Gage secretly poisons Ruth and his friend, O.B. Jackson. As Ruth dies, Domergue shoots and kills him with his own gun. Bob, Gage, and Mobray admit that they are part of Domergue's gang. Warren and Mannix agree to help each other, and they kill everyone but Domergue. Jody, Domergue's brother, comes out of hiding and seriously injures Warren. After Jody dies, Domergue says she will let Mannix go if he kills Warren. Mannix considers her offer but rejects it. Mannix and Warren kill her but they both die from blood loss.

## Cast 
* Samuel L. Jackson as Major Marquis Warren
* Kurt Russell as John Ruth
* Jennifer Jason Leigh as Daisy Domergue
* Walton Goggins as Sheriff Chris Mannix
* Demián Bichir as Bob
* Tim Roth as Oswaldo Mobray
* Michael Madsen as Joe Gage
* Bruce Dern as General Sandy Smithers
* James Parks as O.B.
* Dana Gourrier as Minnie Mink
* Zoë Bell as Six-Horse Judy
* Lee Horsley as Ed
* Channing Tatum as Jody

## Reception 
On Rotten Tomatoes, 75% of the 296 reviews are positive.

## References 
## Other websites 
*
Bounty hunter

A **bounty hunter** is someone who catches individuals for money.  They often appear in movies.  Examples may include *The Good, the Bad and the Ugly and Star Wars.*  Modern bounty hunting has been criticized for not having enough laws to control it in the United States.

## References
Martin Grüner

**Martin Grüner** (19 July 1929 – 4 February 2018) was a  German politician. He was a member of the Free Democratic Party (FDP). He was born in Schramberg, Germany. He was Parliamentary Secretary at the Economics Ministry from 1972 to 1987 and then Parliamentary Secretary at the  Environment Ministry until 1991.

Grüner died on 4 February 2018 at the age of 88.

## References