open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Symphony No. 8 (Shostakovich)

**Symphony No. 8 in C minor**, Op. 65, by Dmitri Shostakovich was first by the USSR Symphony Orchestra on 4 November 1943. Yevgeny Mravinsky was the conductor. The symphony is also called the ***Stalingrad Symphony***.

## Form 
The symphony has five parts, also called movements: 

## Instrumentation 
The symphony is written for an orchestra with:
;Woodwinds
:4 flutes (3rd and 4th doubling piccolos)
:2 oboes
: cor anglais
:2 B clarinets
: E clarinet
: bass clarinet
:3 bassoons (3rd doubling contrabassoon) 

;Brass
:4 horns 
:3 trumpets
:3 trombones
:  tuba

;Percussion
:timpani
:bass drum
:tambourine
:2 pairs of crash cymbals
:suspended cymbals
:snare drum
:triangle 
:xylophone 
:tam-tam 

Strings
:1st violins
:2nd violins
:violas
:cellos
:double basses

## References
## Other websites
*
Paolo Cirino Pomicino

**Paolo Cirino Pomicino** (3 September 1939 – 21 March 2026) was an Italian politician. He was a member of the Chamber of Deputies from 1976 to 1994 and again from 2006 to 2008. He was a member of the Christian Democracy for Autonomies. From 2004 to 2006, he was a Member of the European Parliament.

Cirino Pomicino died in Rome, Italy on 21 March 2026 at the age of 86.

## References
Biruté Galdikas

**Birutė Marija Filomena Galdikas** or **Birutė Mary Galdikas**, OC (10 May 1946 – 24 March 2026) was a Lithuanian-Canadian anthropologist, primatologist, conservationist, ethologist and author. She was a professor at Simon Fraser University. Galdikas was known for her works about orangutans. Before her works on orangutans, scientists knew little about the species.

Galdikas died in Los Angeles, California on 24 March 2026 at the age of 79.

## References
Symphony No. 9 (Shostakovich)

**Symphony No. 9 in E-flat major**, Op. 70, by Dmitri Shostakovich was first played in Leningrad by the Leningrad Philharmonic on 3 November 1945. Yevgeny Mravinsky was the conductor.

## Form 
The symphony has five parts, also called movements: 

## Instruments
The symphony is written for an orchestra with:

;Woodwinds:
:Piccolo
:2 Flutes
:2 Oboes
:2 Clarinets in B and A
:2 Bassoons
 

;Brass:
:4 Horns
:2 Trumpets
:3 Trombones
: Tuba

;Percussion:
:Timpani
:Snare drum
:Bass drum
:Cymbals
:Triangle
:Tambourine

;Strings:
:1st Violins
:2nd Violins
:Violas
:Cellos
:Double basses

## References
## Other websites
*
Pseudopaludicola jazmynmcdonaldae

***Pseudopaludicola jazmynmcdonaldae*** is a frog.  It lives in Brazil in Tocantins.
## Body
This frog is small in size. Its back legs are shorter than other frogs' back legs. The male frog's voice skin is dark in color with no warts.

## Home
This frog lives in dry grassy places in Cerrado placess. It lives by the plants around small marshes and pools that stay wet all year. Scientists think they could also live in places where animals eat grass. Scientists have seen it between  above sea level.

There is a protected place near where the frog lives, Reserva Particular do Patrimônio Natural (RPPN) Canto do Obrieni, and scientists think it might live there too.

## Young
The female frog lays eggs in the water. The tadpoles swim in the water.

## Danger
Scientists from the IUCN say this frog is in big danger of dying out. The place where scientists found the frog has soybean farms with only one plant and places where cows eat grass all around it. People have changed places like the frog's home to make farms. Chemicals on these farms can also hurt the frog.

## References
Chip Taylor

**James Wesley Voight** (March 21, 1940 – March 23, 2026), known professionally as **Chip Taylor**, was an American singer-songwriter, musician and actor. He was known for writing "Angel of the Morning" and "Wild Thing". His brother is actor Jon Voight and his niece is actress Angelina Jolie. An actor himself, Taylor played James in the 1975 Polish movie ''A Woman's Decision*.

Taylor was diagnosed with throat cancer in 2023. He died under hospice care on March 23, 2026, two days after his 86th birthday.

## References
## Other websites
* Interview with Chip Taylor by Spectropop
* Cover History of *Wild Thing'' on Second Hand Songs
* Train Wreck Records site for Chip Taylor
* 
* 
* 
* Interview with Chip Taylor in International Songwriters Association's *Songwriter Magazine*
Heesch's problem

The **Heesch number** of a shape is how many times you can surround it with copies of itself. Heinrich Heesch found a shape with Heesch number 1. It has 5 sides and is built with a square and two triangles. Heesch numbers 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 have all been found, however no one has found a shape with Heesch number 7.

## Reference
Neyla Pekarek

**Neyla Pekarek** (born September 4, 1986) is an American cellist, vocalist, and pianist. She was a member of the folk rock band The Lumineers from 2010 to 2018.
Artur Balder

**Arthur Balder** (born August 14, 1974) is an American multidisciplinary artist, mostly known as sculptor, painter, filmmaker and writer.

His sculptures have been auctioned in the United States. In 2026, Rago Arts noted a record for the artist with the artwork *Head (Gatekeeper No. 6)*.

He directed the documentary *Little Spain* in 2011 about the Little Spain ethnic neighbourhood in Manhattan, New York.

In 2018, he directed and produced the documentary *American Mirror* with Susan Sarandon and Armenian painter Tigran Tsitoghdzyan.

His trilogy of books, known as the Teutoburg Saga, is a historical fiction series about German chieftain Arminius.

## Filmography 
* *Little Spain* (2011)
* *Ciria, Pronounced Thiria* (2013)
* *American Mirror: Intimations of Immortality* (2018)

## Bibliography 
### Teutoburg Saga 
* *El Último Querusco* (2005)
* *Liberator Germaniae* (2006)
* *La Batalla del Destino* (2007)

### *Curdy* Trilogy 
* *Curdy and the Scepter of Carlomagno*
* *Curdy, el Vampiro de Gothland*
* *Curdy y la Cámara de los Lores*

### Chronicles of Widukind 
## References 
## External links 
*
Hoplocorypha turneri

***Hoplocorypha turneri*** is a species of praying mantis found in Namibia.

## See also 
* List of mantis genera and species

## References
Pleurodema

***Pleurodema*** is a group of frogs in the family Leptodactylidae. These frogs live in South America. People sometimes call them **four-eyed frogs** in English.

When the frog is frightened, it lowers its head and raises its rear end.  This points the frog's poison glands at whatever has scared it.  Sometimes the animal that wants to eat the frog may think the frog's raised rear end is the head of a larger animal.

## Species
The group has the following 15 species:
* *Pleurodema alium*  & , 2010
* *Pleurodema bibroni* Tschudi, 1838
* *Pleurodema borellii* (Peracca, 1895)
* *Pleurodema brachyops* (Cope, 1869)
* *Pleurodema bufoninum* Bell, 1843
* *Pleurodema cinereum* Cope, 1878
* *Pleurodema cordobae* ,  & , 2009
* *Pleurodema diplolister* (W. Peters, 1870)
* *Pleurodema guayapae* , 1964
* *Pleurodema kriegi* (L. Müller, 1926)
* *Pleurodema marmoratum* (A.M.C. Duméril & Bibron, 1841)
* *Pleurodema nebulosum* (Burmeister, 1861)
* *Pleurodema somuncurense* (, 1969)
* *Pleurodema thaul* (Lesson, 1827)
* *Pleurodema tucumanum* H. Parker, 1927

## References
Collar (BDSM)

, and buckles in the back.]]
In BDSM people sometimes wear **collars**. They do this to show that they are submissive, that they are a pet or that someone else should tell them what to do.
2026 Chinese Grand Prix

The **2026 Chinese Grand Prix, known** officially as the **Formula 1 Heineken Chinese Grand Prix 2026,** was a Formula One motor race that was held on 15 March 2026 at the Shanghai International Circuit in Shanghai, China. It was the second round of the 2026 Formula One World Championship and the first of six Grands Prix in the season, based on the sprint format.

George Russell of Mercedes converted his pole position in the sprint to a victory. His teammate, 19-year-old Kimi Antonelli, achieved his maiden career pole position, beating Sebastian Vettel's record as the youngest-ever Formula One polesitter. Antonelli converted it to his maiden win, setting multiple milestones; he became the second-youngest Grand Prix winner after Max Verstappen at the 2016 Spanish Grand Prix, and the first Italian to win a Grand Prix since Giancarlo Fisichella at the 2006 Malaysian Grand Prix. By setting the fastest lap, he also became the youngest driver ever to achieve a hat-trick. Antonelli led a Mercedes 1–2 ahead of Russell and Lewis Hamilton, who achieved his maiden podium finish with Ferrari. Having gone pointless throughout his  campaign, Franco Colapinto scored his maiden points with Alpine.

## References
Giorgi Mamardashvili

**Giorgi Mamardashvili** (; born 29 September 2000) is a Georgian professional footballer. He plays as a goalkeeper for  club Liverpool and the Georgia national team.

## Career statistics 
### Club 
### International 
## Honours 
;Dinamo Tbilisi
*Erovnuli Liga runner-up: 2018

;Valencia
*Copa del Rey runner-up: 2021–22

;Individual
* Erovnuli Liga Team of the Year: 2020
* Goalkeeper of the Year in Georgia: 2020 
* Georgian Footballer of the Year: 2024

## References
## Other websites
* Profile at the Liverpool F.C. website
* Profile at the Georgian Football Federation website 
*
First Vatican Council

and Joseph Swain, showing the Pope leading a line of Catholic clerics along a plank placed on thin ice. A group of Anglo-Catholics at left are also considering venturing on the dangerous ice.]]
The **First Vatican Council** was an ecumenical council of the Catholic Church. It was held in Rome in 1869 and 1870. Its main result was that it said that popes are infallible: they are always right in matters of religion.
The council is sometimes called **Vatican I**. This is because there also is a Second Vatican Council, or Vatican II. That council was held roughly 100 years later. 

The First Vatican Council caused many issues: especially in Austria, Germany and Switzerland there were many Catholics that were very liberal. The did not like the idea that the pipe was now infallible. Also, there was a movement called the Old Catholic Church which formed and split: they do not think popes are infallible.
Video Greatest Hits – HIStory

***Video Greatest Hits – HIStory*** is a video compilation by the American singer and recording artist Michael Jackson. It was released in 1995 and serves as a companion to his album *HIStory: Past, Present and Future, Book I*. The collection includes many of Jackson's iconic music videos (excluding "Man in the Mirror" and "She's Out of My Life") up to that time, showcasing his artistry and influential visuals.

## Track listing 
# "Brace Yourself" ("O fortuna") – 3:22
# "Billie Jean" (*Thriller*, January 1983) – 4:55
#* Directed by Steve Barron
# "The Way You Make Me Feel" (short version on VHS) (*Bad*, October 1987) – 9:23
#* Directed by Joe Pytka
# "Black or White" (original version on VHS and LaserDisc, racist graffiti version on DVD) (*Dangerous*, November 1991) – 11:00
#* Directed by John Landis
# "Rock with You" (*Off the Wall*, November 1979) – 3:23
#* Directed by Bruce Gowers
# "Bad" (short version on VHS) (*Bad*, September 1987) – 18:14
#* Directed by Martin Scorsese
# "Thriller" (*Thriller*, December 1983) – 13:43
#* Directed by John Landis
# "Beat It" (*Thriller*, February 1983) – 4:56
#* Directed by Bob Giraldi
# "Remember the Time" (*Dangerous*, January 1992) – 9:17
#* Directed by John Singleton
# "Don't Stop 'Til You Get Enough" (*Off the Wall*, October 1979) – 4:12
#* Directed by Nick Saxton
# "Heal the World" (*Dangerous*, November 1992) – 6:22
#* Directed by Joe Pytka
# Credits ("Heal the World" instrumental)
Bing Maps Platform

**The Bing Maps Platform** (formerly named **Live Search Maps**, **Windows Live Maps**, **Windows Live Local**, and **MSN Virtual Earth**) is a web mapping service developed by Microsoft. It is part of Microsoft's Bing suite of search engines and powered by the Bing Maps Platform framework which also support Bing Maps for Enterprise APIs and Azure Maps APIs. Since 2020, the map data is provided by TomTom, OpenStreetMap and other web mapping services.

## References
South Lebanon conflict (1985–2000)

The South Lebanon conflict was an armed conflict in Israeli-occupied southern Lebanon. It lasted from 1985, to 2000https://ecf.org.il/issues/issue/956 when Israel's military left the area. Israel and their ally of the, Catholic Christian-dominated South Lebanon Army (SLA) had to fight Hezbollah, along with other Shia Muslim and left-wing dispersed and chaotic forces. The SLA was supported heavily by the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) and operated within the Israeli-backed South Lebanon provisional administration, which came after the  earlier Israeli-backed Free Lebanon State, which was an unrecognized separatist entity in southern Lebanon that was subordinate to Israel. Israel officially calls the conflict the Security Zone in Lebanon Campaign and deems it to have begun on 30 September 1982, after the end of its "Operation Peace for Galilee"https://www.timesofisrael.com/idf-to-recognize-18-year-occupation-of-south-lebanon-as-official-campaign/. After the end of its "Operation Peace for Galilee".https://www.timesofisrael.com/idf-to-recognize-18-year-occupation-of-south-lebanon-as-official-campaign/. It can also be seen as an extension of the Lebanese Civil War (1975–1990).
HIStory on Film, Volume II

***HIStory on Film, Volume II*** is a video release by Michael Jackson released by Sony Music Video Enterprises in May 1997. It serves as a companion to his 1995 album *HIStory: Past, Present and Future, Book I*, and his first remix album, *Blood on the Dance Floor: HIStory in the Mix*. The video compilation features music videos and live performances spanning various periods of Jackson's career, showcasing many of his hits and iconic visuals.

## Track listing (DVD)
### Side one
# Programme start
# *HIStory* teaser trailer – 3:58
# "Billie Jean" – 5:05 (performance from *Motown 25: Yesterday, Today and Forever*) (*Thriller*, 1982)
# "Beat It" – 4:56 (*Thriller*, 1982)
# "Liberian Girl" – 5:43 (*Bad*, 1987)
# "Smooth Criminal" – 9:47 (*Bad*, 1987)
# 1995 MTV Video Music Awards performance – 15:27
#* "Don't Stop 'Til You Get Enough" / "The Way You Make Me Feel" / "Scream" / "Black or White" / "Billie Jean" (Contains Excerpts from "Jam", "Thriller" and "Beat It")
#* "Dangerous"
#* "You Are Not Alone"
# "Thriller" – 13:43 (*Thriller*, 1982)

### Side two
# "Scream" (radio edit) (vocal duet between Michael Jackson and Janet Jackson, original video) – 5:00 (*HIStory: Past, Present and Future, Book I*, 1995)
# "Childhood" (theme from "Free Willy 2") – 4:33 (*HIStory: Past, Present and Future, Book I*, 1995)
# "You Are Not Alone" – 5:47 (*HIStory: Past, Present and Future, Book I*, 1995)
# "Earth Song" – 7:49 (*HIStory: Past, Present and Future, Book I*, 1995)
# "They Don't Care About Us" – 7:17 (Brazilian version) (*HIStory: Past, Present and Future, Book I*, 1995)
# "Stranger in Moscow" – 5:38 (*HIStory: Past, Present and Future, Book I*, 1995)
# "Blood on the Dance Floor" (Refugee Camp mix) – 5:40
# "Brace Yourself" – 3:22

### Notes 
* The version of "Smooth Criminal" included is different from the one featured in *Moonwalker*, with a shorter interlude and different music at the start.
* "You Are Not Alone" features "angel scenes".
* "Earth Song" includes sound effects, such as the chainsaw, as well as a message at the end, describing the shooting of the film.
* After "Stranger in Moscow", a track entitled "MJ Megaremix" (10:36) was released only on the earliest VHS, LaserDisc, and VCD pressings of this collection. It was removed from the DVD format for unspecified reasons.

## DVD features
This refers to the UK Region 2 release. Other regions may vary.

* PCM Stereo
* Dolby Digital 5.1
* Instant lyrics for chapter access (can be on/off)

## Intros
Before each video starts, an intro with the title of the video is shown. (Two of the videos lack intros: "Teaser" and "Brace Yourself".)
Pseudopaludicola mystacalis

'''Cope's swamp frog'* (*Pseudopaludicola mystacalis'') is a frog.  It lives in Colombia and Venezuela.

## Home
This frog lives in Cerrado, Amazônia, Pampa, Pantanal, and Atlantic forest places and near places where cows drink water. This frog is good at living in places that human beings have changed. Scientists have seen it between  above sea level.

Scientists have seen these frogs in protected places: APA da Chapada dos Guimaraes, APA da Marituba do Peixe, APA das Nascentes do Rio Vermelho, APA de Murici, APA Delta do Parnaiba, APA do Pratagy, APA Serra da Ibiapaba, ESEC de Murici, ESEC Serra Geral do Tocantins, MONA Ponte de Pedra do Rio Correntes, PARES do Jalapao, PARNA da Chapada dos Veadeiros, RPPN Olavo Egydio Setubal, and RPPN Serra D'agua.

## Danger
Scientists from the IUCN say this frog is not in danger of dying out. In some places, some of the frogs may be in danger from fires and farms.

## References
Superman '78

'''''Superman '78''''' is a superhero comic book limited series published by DC Comics that serves as a continuation and tribute to Alexander Salkind's *Superman* movie series starring Christopher Reeve as the title character. The series captures the nostalgic tone and style of the classic movies while expanding on Superman's adventures in a fresh story format. It often features artwork and storytelling that evoke the feel of the original movies, appealing to fans who loved the classic portrayal of the Man of Steel. It was launched in August 2021 and ran for six issues.

A second 6-issue limited series, '''''Superman '78: The Metal Curtain''''', was announced by DC Comics on August 17, 2023. It began release in November 2023.
Taa language

**Taa**, also known as **ǃXóõ** (; also spelled **ǃKhong** and **ǃXoon**) is a Tuu language known for its large number of phonemes, maybe the largest in the world. It is also notable for having perhaps the heaviest functional load of click consonants, with one count finding that 82% of basic vocabulary items started with a click. Most speakers live in Botswana, but a few hundred live in Namibia. The people call themselves ǃXoon (pl. ǃXooŋake). In 2011, there were around 2,500 speakers of Taa.

## References
Batman '89 (comic book)

'''''Batman '89''''' is a superhero comic book limited series published by DC Comics that serves as a continuation of Tim Burton's movies *Batman* (1989) and *Batman Returns* (1992). It explores the adventures of Batman (starring Michael Keaton as Bruce Wayne / Batman) and other characters from the movie universe in comic book form, often featuring a darker, noir-inspired tone consistent with the movie's aesthetic, and ignoring the events of *Batman Forever* (1995) and *Batman & Robin* (1997). It was launched in August 2021 and ran for six issues. The series includes new stories, character developments, and collaborations with various writers and artists, providing fans with an expanded universe beyond the movies.

A second series, '''''Batman '89: Echoes***, was announced by DC Comics on August 17, 2023, along with a November 28, 2023 release date, which also ran for six issues, with the first series retroactively titled ***Batman '89: Shadows'''''.
Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt

The **Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt**, also called the **Thutmoside Dynasty**, was the first dynasty of the New Kingdom of Egypt. They ruled ancient Egypt from Ahmose I's exile of the Hyksos in 1550 BCE until the death of Horemheb in 1292 BCE, when Ramesses I founded the Nineteenth Dynasty.

Some important Eighteenth Dynasty pharaohs were Tutankhamun, Hatshepsut, Akhenaten, and Nefertiti.

## Sources
Bosnia and Herzegovina in the Eurovision Song Contest

Bosnia and Herzegovina has participated in the Eurovision Song Contest since its debut in .  (BHRT) is the Bosnian broadcaster. They have not competed in the contest since 2016.

## Participation overview
## Notes
## References
Slovakia in the Eurovision Song Contest

Slovakia has participated in the Eurovision Song Contest since its debut in .  (SRTVS) is the Slovakian broadcaster. They last participated in the contest in 2012.

## Participation overview 
## Notes
## References
Ricardo Poma

**Ricardo Poma** (3 May 1946 – 24 August 2025) was a Salvadoran businessman and philanthropist. He was the chief executive officer of Grupo Poma, a large family-owned company based in San Salvador, El Salvador.

## Life and career
Poma studied industrial engineering at Princeton University and graduated in 1967. He later earned an MBA from Harvard Business School in 1970.

After finishing his studies, he returned to El Salvador and joined his family business. In the 1980s, he became the head of Grupo Poma, taking over from his father, Luis Poma.

Poma also worked on social and charity projects. He supported organisations such as FUSAL, ESEN, and Fundación Poma, which focus on health, education, and culture.

Poma was an early investor in Bain Capital.

## Death
Poma died on 24 August 2025 at the age of 79.

## References
Alexander Kluge

**Alexander Kluge** (14 February 1932 – 25 March 2026) was a German author, philosopher, academic and movie director. He was known for directing and writing *Yesterday Girl* (1966), *Artists Under the Big Top: Perplexed* (1968), *The Big Mess* (1971), *Part-Time Work of a Domestic Slave* (1973), *In Danger and Deep Distress, the Middleway Spells Certain Death* (1974), *Germany in Autumn* (1978) and *The Candidate* (1980).

His sister, Alexandra Kluge, was a movie actress. 

Kluge died in Munich, Germany on 25 March 2026 at the age of 94.

## References
## Other websites
* 
*
Tax return

A **tax return** is a form on which a person or organization shows an account of income and circumstances, used by the tax authorities to find liability for tax. Sometimes, depending on how much a person's salary is, they might get a bigger tax return than others. These returns often means they get money back. Tax returns are usually processed by each country's tax authority, known as a revenue service, such as the Internal Revenue Service in the United States and HM Revenue and Customs in the United Kingdom.

## References
Operation Storm

Operation Storm , was the last major battle of the Croatian War of Independence and major factor in the outcome of the Bosnian War.
Arsonic acid

of an arsonic acid.]]

An **arsonic acid** is an organic compound that has the functional group . They are the arsenic analogues of phosphonic acids. Salts and esters of arsonic acids are called **arsonates**.

The parent compound  "arsonic acid" has not been found to exist. The tautomer , arsenous acid, is more stable.

The most important type of arsonic acids are phenylarsonic acids, which were used as pesticides and antiparasitics until the 21st century.
Amir Hatami

Amir Hatami (Persian: امیر حاتمی, born 1966) is an Iranian military officer who is the current Commander-in-Chief of the Iranian Army from 14 June 2025 .
Jean-Pierre Faye

**Jean-Pierre Faye** (; 19 July 1925 &ndash; 26 March 2026) was a French philosopher and writer. He was known for his works about fiction and prose poetry. He was a regular contributor to Gilles Deleuze's literary journal *Chimère*. He was also known for creating the horseshoe theory.

Faye turned 100 in July 2025. He died on 26 March 2026 in Toulouse, France.

## References
## Other websites
* Review of works by Faye by Pierre Favre in *Revue française de science politique* , vol. 26, issue 3 (1976), pp.&nbsp;600–610.
* "H. et h. ou la métaphysique du boulanger"  in *Chimère*, vol. 8 (Summer 1990).
Gerd Faltings

**Gerd Faltings** (; born 28 July 1954) is a German mathematician. He is known for his work in arithmetic geometry. He was awarded the Fields Medal in 1986 for his proofs of the Mordell conjecture. He won the Abel Prize in 2026 for this work as well.

Faltings was born on 28 July 1954 in Gelsenkirchen-Buer, West Germany. From 1972 to 1978, Faltings studied mathematics and physics at the University of Münster.

## References
Arsanilic acid

**Arsanilic acid**, called **Atoxyl** when used as a drug, is an organic compound. It is the arsonic acid derived from aniline. Only the isomer where the amine and arsonic acid functional groups are opposite each other, called **4-aminophenylarsonic acid**, has notable uses. It was used as an early treatment of sleeping sickness in colonial Africa, and in veterinary medicine to make chickens and pigs grow more meat faster. It is no longer used in most countries because it can be toxic.

Arsanilic acid was discovered by Antoine Béchamp. The reaction he used to make it was named after him.

## Sources
Afghanistan International

**Afghanistan International** (**AITV**; ) is a news and current affairs television station headquartered in London, United Kingdom, aimed at Afghans in Afghanistan and the Afghan diaspora.

## References
Masaki Kashiwara

is a Japanese mathematician. He is a professor at the Kyoto University Institute for Advanced Study (KUIAS). He is known for his works to algebraic analysis, microlocal analysis, *D*-module theory, Hodge theory, sheaf theory and representation theory. 

Kashiwara was awarded the Abel Prize in 2025. He is the award's first winner from Japan.

## Early life
Kashiwara was born in Yūki, Ibaraki on January 30, 1947. He studied at the University of Tokyo (UTokyo), earning his bachelor's degree in mathematics in 1969. He then went on to study at the same university for his master's degree, which he finished in 1971. At UTokyo, Kashiwara was a student of Mikio Sato.

## Career
He was a speaker at International Congress of Mathematicians in 1978 and an invited speaker in 1990. He is a foreign associate of the French Academy of Sciences and a member of the Japan Academy. 

Kashiwara has worked in Research Institute for Mathematical Sciences (RIMS) since 1978 as a professor and later director.

Kashiwara was awarded Japan's Order of the Sacred Treasure, Gold and Silver Star in 2020.

## References
## Other websites
*Fifty years of Mathematics with Masaki Kashiwara, by Pierre Schapira
*List of Publications
*Photo
*Videos of Masaki Kashiwara in the AV-Portal of the German National Library of Science and Technology
*2018 Kyoto Prize in Basic Sciences
Alireza Tangsiri

**Commodore Alireza Tangsiri** (; born 1962) is an Iranian naval officer. He has been the commander of the IRGC Navy since August 2018.

On 26 March 2026, the IDF said that they assassinated Tangsiri in an airstrike during the 2026 Iran war.

## References
List of Scottish League Cup finals

The list of **Scottish League Cup** champions:

## Results
### Key
### Results
## Performance by club
## Notes
## References
Nicholas Brendon

**Nicholas Brendon Schultz** (April 12, 1971 – March 20, 2026) was an American actor, artist, and writer. He was best known for playing Xander Harris in the television series *Buffy the Vampire Slayer* (1997–2003) and Kevin Lynch in *Criminal Minds* (2007–2014).

Brendon, who had cauda equina syndrome, had spinal surgery after a fall in February 2021.

Brendon died of natural causes in his sleep on March 20, 2026 in Indiana. He was 54.

## References
## Other websites
* 
*
Juca de Oliveira

**José Juca de Oliveira Santos** (16 March 1935 – 21 March 2026) was a Brazilian actor. His career began in 1951. He was born in São Roque, Brazil. He was known for his role as Sebastião Naves in the 1967 movie *Case of the Naves Brothers*. He also played Aníbal in *The Sign of the City* (2007) and Afonso in *De Onde Eu Te Vejo* (2016).

Oliveira died from pneumonia caused by heart disease in São Paulo, Brazil on 21 March 2026, five days after his 91st birthday.

## References
## Other websites
*
Ketenylidene

**Ketenylidene** is a ligand in organometallic chemistry with the chemical formula . As a chemical compound, it is a very unstable carbene also called **dicarbon monoxide**. The ligand can be formed by carbon monoxide molecules becoming attached to carbon-metal coordination complexes.
Eyal Zamir

**Eyal Zamir** (; born 26 January 1966) is an Israeli military officer who serves as the current Chief of the General Staff of the Israel Defense Forces from 5 March 2025.
Abdolrahim Mousavi

**Abdolrahim Mousavi** (1960 – 28 February 2026) was an Iranian military officer who was the Chief of the General Staff of the Iranian Armed Forces from 13 June 2025 until his death on 28 February 2026.
CoverGirl

**CoverGirl** is an American cosmetics brand founded in Maryland, United States, by the Noxzema Chemical Company. It was bought by Procter & Gamble in 1989, and later bought by Coty, Inc. in 2016. 

## References
Ahmad Vahidi

**Vahid Shahcheraghi ** (, born 27 June 1958), better known as **Ahmad Vahidi** (), is an Iranian military officer who is the current Commander-in-Chief of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) from 1 March 2026 after death of his predecessor on this office Mohammad Pakpour on 28 February 2026 during 2026 Iran War .
Mohammad Pakpour

** Mohammad Pakpour ** (; 2 June 1961 – 28 February 2026) was an Iranian military officer who was the Commander-in-Chief of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) from 13 June 2025 until his death on 28 February 2026 during 2026 Iran War.
Organoarsenic chemistry

**Organoarsenic chemistry** is the science of organic compounds that contain the chemical element arsenic. These are called **organoarsenic compounds** or **arsenicals**. Organoarsenic chemistry is important to the history of modern chemistry and pharmacology. Salvarsan, the first drug to work against syphilis, was an early arsenical drug.

While arsenic is a famous poison, this is a property of inorganic compounds like arsenic trioxide. Organoarsenic compounds are generally much less toxic than inorganic arsenic. This does not mean they are safe, and many arsenical drugs have dangerous side effects.

## Sources
Phosphonic acid

of a phosphonic acid. R can be any organic group.]]

**Phosphonic acids** are a type of organic compound that has phosphorus. They have the functional group . They are derivatives of phosphorous acid () that replace the single hydrogen atom with the organic part of the molecule. "Phosphonic acid" is also another name for phosphorus acid. Salts and esters of phosphonic acids are called **phosphonates**.

## Sources
Béchamp reaction

The **Béchamp reaction** is a name reaction in organoarsenic chemistry. It makes arsonic acids from arsenic acid and aromatic compounds. The Béchamp reaction is a type of electrophilic aromatic substitution.

## Mechanism 
The aromatic reagent needs to have an electron-donating group. In the example, this is the amine group on aniline. The arsenic atom in arsenic acid is an electrophile and will attack the *para* position on the ring. Elimination of water from the molecule gives the product, arsanilic acid.
Sade Fritschi

**Sade Rashel Fritschi Naranjo** (born ) is an Ecuadorian politician who has been a member of the National Assembly since 2025. She was the Minister of the Environment from 2023 until 2024 during the first Daniel Noboa administration.

Fritschi was born in the Imbabura Province, but she was raised on the Galápagos Islands. 

## References
Your AI Slop Bores Me

**Your AI Slop Bores Me** is a website and social experiment created by programmer Mihir Maroju. Users ask for text or images from other users, who pretend to be a large language model (LLM). It is a parody of real LLMs, such as ChatGPT.

In March 2026, the website had been visited 50 million times and was being used by 16,000 people at the same time.

## Impact 
Many people online like the website. *The Daily Dot*s Rachel Kiley said "the best part about the game is that there's really no right or wrong way to do it. Humans aren't LLMs trained on copyrighted material and the whole of the free internet, but we do retain a certain amount of the information we've learned from those things over the course of our lives, while also being capable of creativity". *Aftermath*s Nicole Carpenter said the site reminded her of "the human touch of chaos".

## References
Mohammad Bagher Zolghadr

**Mohammad Bagher Zolghadr** () is an Iranian former military commander in the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC). He serves as the current Secretary of the Supreme National Security Council since 24 March 2026 after the assassination of Ali Larijani which was previous Secretary of the Supreme National Security Council.
Everything (song)

"**Everything**" is a song recorded by Canadian singer Michael Bublé. It was released in April 2007 as the first single from his album *Call Me Irresponsible*.

## References
Victor Brauner

**Victor Brauner** (15 June 1903 – 12 March 1966) was a Romanian painter. 

He settled in France, where he became a French citizen in 1963. He was a member of the surrealist movement. His work is full of symbolism and mythology. He was praised by its founder, André Breton.

## References
MultiChoice

**MultiChoice** is a South African company, owned by  French media conglomerate Canal+, that operates DStv.
Pleurodema thaul

The **Chile four-eyed frog** (*Pleurodema thaul*) is a frog.  It lives in Chile and Argentina.

## Body
The adult male frog is 50 mm long from nose to rear end and the female frogs are larger. The skin of the frog's back can be yellow, green, or dark green in color. The frogs have brown spots that match on each side. The belly is white in color.

## Food
This frog eats animals with jointed legs, for example spiders and similar animals and flies and similar animals. They also eat some plants.

## Home
This frog lives in Nothofagus forest placess. It can also live in grassy places and towns. People find adult frogs near plants and under logs and rocks. Scientists have seen it between  above sea level.

Scientists have seen the frog in protected places.

## Young
This frog can have young in almost any body of water. The tadpoles are gray in color with spots on the back.

## Danger
Scientists from the IUCN say this frog is not in danger of dying out. In some places, some of the frogs are in some danger because of fire, bad chemicals in water from farms and other human things, people changing the places where it lives, and drought.

## References
Sagar district

**Sagar District** is a District Located in Indian State of Madhya Pradesh. It's a Headquarter of Sagar Division. It's Center Point of the India. It's a Major Economical And Educational hub of Bundelkhand Region of Madhya Pradesh.

## Other websites 
* Sagar District website
Mari Yamamoto

**Mari Yamamoto** (born February 4, 1986) is a Japanese actress and journalist. She is known for playing Keiko Miura in the Apple TV+ series *Monarch: Legacy of Monsters*. She also played Aiko in the 2025 movie *Rental Family*.

Yamamoto was born in Japan, but she was raised in London and then Tokyo.

Before her acting career began, Yamamoto wrote articles for *The Daily Beast*. She also was a television producer for the television series *Tokyo Vice*.

## References
## Other websites
*
Giuseppe Savoldi

**Giuseppe Savoldi** (21 January 1947 &ndash; 26 March 2026) was an Italian professional football player and coach. He played a forward. He played club football in Italy for Atalanta, Bologna and Napoli. In 1975, he broke the world football transfer record when he joined Napoli from Bologna for £1,200,000. He was capped by the Italy national team in 1975.

Savoldi died on 26 March 2026 in Bergamo, Italy at the age of 79.

## References
## Other websites
*
United States Central Command

The **United States Central Command** (**USCENTCOM** or **CENTCOM**) is one of the eleven unified combatant commands of the United States Department of Defense. It was created in 1983, taking over the previous responsibilities of the Rapid Deployment Joint Task Force (RDJTF).

Its scope of operation includes the Middle East (including Egypt in North Africa), Central Asia and parts of South Asia.
Waikerie, South Australia

**Waikerie** (pronounced WAY-kə-ree) is a small town in the Riverland area of South Australia. It is on the south side of the Murray River. In 2021, about 1,670 people lived there. The Sturt Highway goes just south of the town on top of the cliffs. There is a cable ferry that helps cars cross the river from the north side. Waikerie is famous for growing citrus fruits, stone fruits, and grapes.

## Background
The Ngawait people have lived in this area for thousands of years. The river and land gave them everything they needed, like fish, shellfish, birds, kangaroos, and native fruits.
The name Waikerie comes from "Weikari," which some say means "the rising." But some anthropologists think the name is about a spider god from local creation stories. These stories might come from many ghost moths (especially the giant swift moth *Trictena argentata*) coming out of the ground near river red gum trees after heavy rain.

The town’s recent history started with a Village Settlement plan by the South Australian government after a big bank crash in 1892. In 1894, groups of 20 or more people could get land to farm with irrigation. Eleven settlements were made along the River Murray, including Waikerie (then spelled "Wakeri"). Many settlements failed because people were not experienced, they chose bad pumps, and rabbits caused problems. By 1905, only a few settlements like Waikerie and Ramco were left. These two had big debts and were taken over by the government in 1910 and 1912. Kingston was taken over in 1914, and only Lyrup stayed as a Village Settlement.

Waikerie is part of the District Council of Loxton Waikerie. It is in the Chaffey area for the South Australian House of Assembly and in the Barker area for the Australian House of Representatives. The old Irrigation Pumping Station Chimney  in Scenic Lookout Reserve is on the South Australian Heritage Register.

## Gallery

File:WaikerieMainStreet.JPG|Main Street 
File:Waikerie ferry, Riverland 1.JPG |Waikerie, Riverland
File:WaikerieHotel.JPG|Waikerie Hotel 
File:WaikerieInstitute.JPG|Waikerie Institute 
File:Waikerie, Riverland 2.JPG |Waikerie, Riverland
File:WaikerieUnitingChurch.JPG|Uniting Church
File:Waikerie, Riverland 1.JPG|Waikerie, Riverland
File:Waikerie Football Club Oval, March 2012.jpg|Oval
File:WaikerieClub.JPG |Waikerie Club
File:WaikeriePostOffice.JPG|Post Office 
File:Waikerie, Riverland 5.JPG|Waikerie, Riverland
File:Waikerie silo art.jpg |Waikerie silo art
File:Waikerie silo art 2.jpg|Waikerie silo art

## References
Morphinan

**Morphinans** are a type of organic compound built around a specific structure of four fused rings of atoms. The parent compound, **morphinan**, has few uses, but its derivatives include important drugs like dextromethorphan and morphine. Many common opioids are morphinans, and so is the opioid antagonist naloxone.

## Structure 
The parent compound can be thought of as molecule of phenanthrene where a pyridine ring is bridging two atoms in the middle ring: one shared with an outer ring, and the unshared atom two steps away from it. The rings fused with the pyridine are saturated with hydrogen, while the other ring is still aromatic.
Erich Anderson

**Edward Erich Anderson** (born October 10, 1956, died June 1, 2024) was an American actor and novelist. He was mainly known for his role as Rob Dier in *Friday the 13th: The Final Chapter* and for playing Commander Kieran MacDuff in *Star Trek: The Next Generation*.

He died from esophageal cancer on June 1, 2024, at the age of 67.

## Other websites 
*
Pseudopaludicola florencei

***Pseudopaludicola florencei*** is a frog.  It lives in Brazil in Minas Gerais.

## Home
This frog lives in dead leaves on the ground in Caatinga and Atlantic forest placess. It can live in grassy places, places with small, woody plants, and forests. It is good at living in places that have been changed. For example, people see it in forests where some trees are missing and in places where animals eat grass. Scientists have seen it between  above sea level.

There are protected places where the frog lives, for example Área de Preservação Ambiental Marimbus-Iraquara.

## Young
The young hatch out of their eggs as tadpoles, not small froglets.

## Danger
Scientists from the IUCN say this frog is in some danger of dying out.

## First paper
*

## References
Paul Feierstein

**Paul Feierstein** (27 January 1903 &ndash; 5 May 1963) was a Luxembourgish footballer and manager. He played for Luxembourg at the 1924 and 1928 Summer Olympics, and managed Luxembourg at the 1936 Summer Olympics.

## Managerial career
Feierstein was manager of the Luxembourg national football team, in charge for 18 games between 1933 and 1948.

## References
## Other websites
*
Jean-Pierre Weisgerber

**Jean-Pierre Weisgerber** (28 March 1905 &ndash; 4 April 1994) was a Luxembourgish footballer. He played for Luxembourg at the 1924 and 1928 Summer Olympics.

## References
## Other websites
*
Gusty Kemp

**Gustave "Gusty" Kemp** (24 February 1917&nbsp;– 13 April 1948) was a Luxembourgish footballer. He was capped 20 times for Luxembourg, and played for them at the 1936 Summer Olympics in Berlin.

## Career statistics
### Club
### International
:''Scores and results list Luxembourg's goal tally first, score column indicates score after each Kemp goal.''

## References
## Other websites
*
Lie: The Love and Terror Cult

Lie: The Love and Terror Cult is the debut studio album by American musician and convicted murderer Charles Manson. It was released on vinyl on March 6, 1970, by Phil Kaufman, through a record label branded Awareness Records.
Tatsumi Kimishima

Tatsumi is the former president of Nintendo from January 2002 to May 2006 when Reggie Fils-Aime took his spot. He was formerly a banker at the Sanwa Bank of Japan with a background in finance other than development of video games (example New Super Mario Bros. U)

Key Facts:  

Kimishima became president of Nntendo Inc. on 16 Spetember 2015, stepping in because of the passing of Satoru Iwata.

Before working at Nintendo of USA,  Kimishima was CFO at the Pokemon Company and later becoming president and helping start the Pokemon craze in North America.

He stepped down in 2018 and Kimishiwa was succeeded by Shuntaro Furukawa.
Jay Acovone

**Jay Acovone** (born August 20, 1955) is an American actor. He is best known for portraying major Charles Kawalsky in *Stargate SG-1*.

## Other websites
*
Casque (anatomy)

s, this male great hornbill has a casque on its upper beak.]]
A **casque** is a body part found in some birds and reptiles. In birds, it is a growth on the upper beak or on the skull. It can be on the front of the face, the top of the head or both.

Casques may have many uses. They may help show a bird’s sex, age, or social status. They may also make the beak stronger or help make sounds louder. Some animals use them for fighting, getting food, or controlling body temperature.

## Birds 
Casques are found in many birds, including most hornbills, all cassowaries, the maleo, the horned guan, the helmeted guineafowl and some curassows.

### Structure 
In most birds, the casque is made of bone and covered with a hard layer of skin. In cassowaries, there is also a soft, spongy layer between the bone and the skin. Hornbill casques grow from tissue with many blood vessels at the front of the skull.

In many species, the casque is partly hollow. It starts small in young birds and grows as they get older. Adult males usually have larger casques than females. In some species, males and females have different sizes or colors.

### Function 
 helps the bird lose heat.]]
Casques can have different uses in different species.

They may help birds recognize mates or rivals because of their size, shape, or color. Casques on the beak may also make a long beak stronger.

Some birds use their casques for fighting. Male helmeted hornbills hit their casques together in the air during fights. Great hornbills and Indian grey hornbills also use their casques in fights.

In cassowaries, the casque helps control body temperature. It can release heat when it is hot and keep heat when it is cold.

### Problems and threats 
Casques can be damaged by injury or disease. A type of cancer called squamous cell carcinoma can affect them.

Some birds, such as the rhinoceros hornbill and helmeted hornbill, are hunted for their casques. These casques are used to make carvings, sometimes called hornbill ivory. The helmeted hornbill is especially hunted because its casque is very solid.

## Reptiles 
Some reptiles, especially chameleons, also have casques. In these animals, the casque is a bony part on top of the head.

Males usually have larger casques than females. Casques may help with communication and can show how strong an animal is.

A larger casque gives more space for muscles, which can make the bite stronger. In the veiled chameleon, the casque may also help collect moisture or store fat.

Some lizards in the family Corytophanidae also have casque-like head shapes. In some species, this helps them bite stronger prey. In others, it is used for display, making the animal look bigger and more attractive.

## See also 
* Crest (feathers)
* Bird feet

## References 
### Citations 
### Sources 
* 
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C4H10O

''''* is the molecular formula of a saturated alcohol or ether with four carbon atoms:
* Butanols
** 1-Butanol
** 2-Butanol
** Isobutanol
** *tert''-Butyl alcohol
* Diethyl ether
* Methoxypropane (methyl propyl ether)
* Isopropyl methyl ether
Ulrich I of Frisia

**Ulrich I** (1408-25 or 26 September 1466) was the first count of Norden and Frisia, he was a son of Enno Edzardisna and Gela of Manslagt.
Eurovision Song Contest 2027

The **Eurovision Song Contest 2027** will be the 71st edition of the Eurovision Song Contest. It will be organized by the European Broadcasting Union (**EBU**) and the host broadcaster.

## References
## Other websites
*
Trioxidane

**Trioxidane**, also called **dihydrogen trioxide**, is the chemical compound with the formula . It is the simplest polyoxide, a type of chemical that has three or more oxygen atoms linked together in a chain. This family of chemicals is related to water and hydrogen peroxide, but they are much more unstable.

Trioxidane is a proposed reaction intermediate for when living things make ozone from singlet oxygen, but this is debated because  breaks apart into water and oxygen, not ozone and hydrogen peroxide.

## Sources
Aziz Nasirzadeh

**Aziz Nasirzadeh** (; 1964 – 28 February 2026) was an Iranian military officer who was the Minister of Defence of Iran from 21 August 2024 to 28 February 2026. On 28 February 2026 he was killed during the 2026 Iran war.
Billy Joseph

**William** **Billy** **Joseph** (born 24 September 1984) is a Papua New Guinean politician who currently serves as the Minister for Defence of Papua New Guinea. He has been in that role since January 2024. He was previously a surgeon.

## Political career 
Joseph was first elected MP for the Nipa-Kutubu District in the 2022 Papua New Guinean general election. He was the fourth doctor in the parliament. That September, he became Deputy Chairman of Economic Affairs, where he then joined the Parliamentary Committee on Law and Order and other roles. He is also the Deputy Party Leader of the Social Democratic Party.

In September 2025, Joseph, alongside politician Richard Marles, agreed to integrate Australian and PNG militaries which came upon the 50th anniversery for Papua New Guinea.

## References