March 29

## Events 
### Up to 1900 
* 502 &ndash; King Gundobad issues a new legal code (Lex Burgundionum) at Lyon that makes Gallo-Romans and Burgundians  subject to the same laws.
* 1430 &ndash; The Ottoman Empire under Murad II captures the Byzantine city of Thessalonica.
* 1461 &ndash; Wars of the Roses: In the Battle of Towton, Edward of York defeats Margaret of Anjou to become King Edward IV of England.
* 1549 &ndash; The city of Salvador, Bahia, northeastern Brazil, is founded.
* 1632 &ndash; The Treaty of Saint-Germain is signed, returning Quebec to French control after the English had seized it in 1629.
* 1638 &ndash; Swedish colonists create the first European settlement in Delaware, naming it New Sweden.
* 1792 &ndash; King Gustav III of Sweden dies, after being shot at a masquerade ball.
* 1809 &ndash; Gustav IV Adolf of Sweden abdicates, and the Grand Duchy of Finland goes to Russian control.
* 1847 &ndash; Mexican-American War: US forces led by General Winfield Scott take Veracruz, Mexico, after a siege.
* 1848 &ndash; Niagara Falls stop flowing for 30 hours, due to ice.
* 1849 &ndash; The United Kingdom annexes the Punjab.
* 1865 &ndash; American Civil War: Federal forces under Major General Philip Sheridan move to flank Confederate forces under Robert E. Lee as the Appomattox Campaign begins.
* 1867 &ndash; Queen Victoria gives Royal Assent to the British North America Act which creates the Dominion of Canada on July 1, 1867.
* 1871 &ndash; The Royal Albert Hall in London is opened by Queen Victoria.
* 1879 &ndash; Anglo-Zulu War: Battle of Kambula – British forces defeat an army of 20,000 Zulus.
* 1886 &ndash; John Pemberton brews the first Coca-Cola in Atlanta.
* 1886 &ndash; Wilhelm Steinitz becomes the first world champion in chess, after defeating Johannes Zukertort.

### 1901 &ndash; 2000 
* 1930 &ndash; Heinrich Brüning becomes Chancellor of Germany during the time of the Weimar Republic.
* 1941 &ndash; World War II: British Royal Navy and Royal Australian Navy forces defeat those of the Italian Regia Marina off the Peloponnesian coast of Greece in the Battle of Cape Matapan.
* 1942 &ndash; World War II: RAF Bomber Command carries out a bombing raid on the city of Luebeck in northern Germany.
* 1945 &ndash; World War II: Last day of V–1 flying bomb attacks on England.
* 1945 &ndash; World War II: The German 4th Army is almost destroyed by the Soviet Red Army.
* 1946 &ndash; The Instituto Tecnologico Autonomo de Mexico, one of Mexico's leading universities, is founded.
* 1947 &ndash; Uprising in Madagascar against French colonial rule.
* 1951 &ndash; Ethel Rosenberg and Julius Rosenberg are convicted of spying for the Soviet Union.
* 1957 &ndash; The New York, Ontario and Western Railway is abandoned in its entirety.
* 1959 &ndash; First showing of the movie Some Like It Hot.
* 1961 &ndash; The 23rd Amendment to the Constitution of the United States gives people living in Washington, DC the right to vote in Presidential elections.
* 1962 &ndash; President of Argentina Arturo Frondizi is overthrown in a military coup by the Argentine Armed Forces, after an 11–day constitutional crisis.
* 1971 &ndash; My Lai massacre: Lieutenant William Calley is found guilty of premeditated murder.
* 1973 &ndash; The last US combat soldiers leave Vietnam.
* 1974 &ndash; The Mariner 10 space probe passes by the planet Mercury, sending 2,000 photographs back to Earth.
* 1974 &ndash; Local farmers near Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China, discover the Terracotta Army that was buried with Qin Shi Huang, the first Chinese Emperor, in the 3rd century BC.
* 1976 &ndash; The last British troops leave the Maldives.
* 1981 &ndash; The first London Marathon takes place.
* 1982 &ndash; Elizabeth II approves the Canada Act.
* 1985 &ndash; The first *Care Bears Movie* is released.
* 1990 &ndash; In Czechoslovakia the parliament fails to agree on the country's name after the fall of Communism.
* 1990 &ndash; A magnitude 6.8 earthquake hits Chamoli district in Uttar Pradesh, India, killing 103 people.
* 1993 &ndash; Catherine Callbeck becomes Premier of Prince Edward Island, becoming the first woman to take this role in a Canadian province.
* 1998 &ndash; The Vasco da Gama Bridge, 17 kilometers long, is opened, crossing the Tagus in Lisbon, Portugal.
* 1999 &ndash; A magnitude 6.8 earthquake strikes Chamoli district in Uttar Pradesh, India, killing 103 people.
* 1999 &ndash; The Dow Jones Industrial Average closes at 10006.78 – above the 10,000 mark for the first time ever.

### From 2001 
* 2002 &ndash; In response to the Passover massacre, Israel launches Operation Defensive Shield against Palestinian militants.
* 2004 &ndash; The Republic of Ireland bans smoking in restaurants, pubs and bars.
* 2004 &ndash; Bulgaria, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Romania, Slovakia and Slovenia join NATO.
* 2006 &ndash; A Solar eclipse is seen over the Atlantic Ocean, Africa, Europe and Asia.
* 2008 &ndash; The first Earth Hour is observed.
* 2010 &ndash; Two female suicide bombers blow themselves up on the Moscow Metro, killing 39 people.
* 2014 &ndash; The first Same-sex marriages in England and Wales take place, with the first ones in Scotland taking place on December 31 of the same year.
* 2015 &ndash; The Australia national cricket team wins the Cricket World Cup, defeating the New Zealand national cricket team at the Melbourne Cricket Ground.
* 2017 &ndash; British Prime Minister Theresa May triggers Article 50 of the European Union treaty, to start the process of Brexit (the withdrawal of the United Kingdom from the European Union).

## Births 
### Up to 1900 
* 1602 &ndash; John Lightfoot, English churchman (d. 1675)
* 1629 &ndash; Tsar Alexis of Russia (d. 1676)
* 1713 &ndash; John Ponsonby, Irish politician (d. 1789)
* 1746 &ndash; Carlo Buonaparte, father of Napoleon Bonaparte (d. 1785)
* 1747 &ndash; Johann Wilhelm Hassler, German composer, organist and pianist (d. 1822)
* 1751 &ndash; Supply Belcher, American composer and singer (d. 1836)
* 1769 &ndash; Nicolas Jean-de-Dieu Soult, French general and politician (d. 1851)
* 1790 &ndash; John Tyler, 10th President of the United States (d. 1862)
* 1799 &ndash; Edward Smith-Stanley, 14th Earl of Derby, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1869)
* 1813 &ndash; John Letcher, Governor of Virginia (d. 1884)
* 1815 &ndash; Costache Caragiale, Romanian actor, writer and theatre director (d. 1877)
* 1816 &ndash; Tsultrim Gyatso, 10th Dalai Lama (d. 1837)
* 1824 &ndash; Ludwig Büchner, German philosopher and physician (d. 1899)
* 1826 &ndash; Wilhelm Liebknecht, German journalist and politician (d. 1900)
* 1830 &ndash; Eli C. D. Shortridge, Governor of North Dakota (d. 1908)
* 1853 &ndash; Elihu Thomson, British–American engineer, inventor and businessman (d. 1937)
* 1867 &ndash; Cy Young, American baseball player (d. 1955)
* 1869 &ndash; Edwin Lutyens, British architect (d. 1944)
* 1870 &ndash; Pavlo Melas, Greek officer (d. 1904)
* 1873 &ndash; Tullio Levi-Civita, Italian mathematician (d. 1941) 
* 1874 &ndash; Lou Henry Hoover, First Lady of the United States (d. 1944)
* 1876 &ndash; Friedrich Traun, German athlete and tennis player (d. 1908)
* 1887 &ndash; Phraya Phahon Phonphayuhasena, Prime Minister of Thailand (d. 1947)
* 1888 &ndash; Enea Bossi, Italian–American engineer and aviation pioneer (d. 1963)
* 1889 &ndash; Warner Baxter, American actor (d. 1951)
* 1890 &ndash; Harold Spencer Jones, English astronomer (d. 1960)
* 1891 &ndash; Alfred Neubauer, German racing team manager (d. 1980)
* 1892 &ndash; Jozsef Mindszenty, Hungarian cardinal (d. 1975)
* 1895 &ndash; Ernst Jünger, German writer (d. 1998)
* 1899 &ndash; Lavrenty Beria, Georgian–Soviet politician (d. 1953)
* 1900 &ndash; John McEwen, eighteenth Prime Minister of Australia (d. 1980)

### 1901 &ndash; 1950 
* 1902 &ndash; William Walton, British composer (d. 1983)
* 1907 &ndash; Braguinha, Brazilian singer and songwriter (d. 2006)
* 1911 &ndash; Freya von Moltke, German resistance activist (d. 2010)
* 1913 &ndash; R. S. Thomas, Welsh poet and Anglican priest (d. 2000)
* 1914 &ndash; Phil Foster, American actor (d. 1985)
* 1914 &ndash; Chapman Pincher, British journalist, historian and writer (d. 2014)
* 1916 &ndash; Peter Geach, British philosopher (d. 2013)
* 1916 &ndash; Eugene McCarthy, American politician (d. 2005)
* 1918 &ndash; Pearl Bailey, American singer and actress (d. 1990)
* 1918 &ndash; Sam Walton, American businessman (d. 1992)
* 1920 &ndash; Pierre Moinot, French writer (d. 2007)
* 1923 &ndash; Geoff Duke, British motorcycle racer (d. 2015)
* 1926 &ndash; Moshe Sanbar, Hungarian–born Israeli economist (d. 2012)
* 1927 &ndash; John Robert Vane, English pharmacologist (d. 2004)
* 1927 &ndash; John McLaughlin, American television personality and political commentator (d. 2016)
* 1929 &ndash; Sheila Kitzinger, English childbirth activist (d. 2015)
* 1929 &ndash; Lennart Meri, Estonian statesman and 2nd President of Estonia (d. 2006)
* 1929 &ndash; Richard Lewontin, American biologist and philosopher
* 1930 &ndash; Anerood Jugnauth, President of Mauritius
* 1931 &ndash; Aleksei Gubarev, Soviet cosmonaut (d. 2015)
* 1931 &ndash; Norman Tebbit, English politician
* 1931 &ndash; Stefan Andrei, Romanian politician (d. 2014)
* 1933 &ndash; Edvard Grimstad, Norwegian politician (d. 2014)
* 1935 &ndash; Ruby Murray, English actress and singer (d. 1996)
* 1936 &ndash; Richard Rodney Bennett, English composer (d. 2012)
* 1936 &ndash; John A. Durkin, American politician
* 1936 &ndash; Joseph P. Teasdale, former Governor of Missouri (d. 2014)
* 1936 &ndash; Judith Guest, American writer
* 1937 &ndash; Smarck Michel, 6th Prime Minister of Haiti (d. 2012)
* 1937 &ndash; Bruno Mora, Italian footballer (d. 1986)
* 1939 &ndash; Terence Hill, Italian actor
* 1940 &ndash; Ray Davis, American singer and musician
* 1940 &ndash; Astrud Gilberto, Brazilian singer-songwriter
* 1940 &ndash; John Suchet, British journalist
* 1941 &ndash; Joseph Hooton Taylor, Jr., American astrophysicist
* 1941 &ndash; Violeta Andrei, Romanian actress
* 1942 &ndash; Larry Pressler, American politician
* 1943 &ndash; Eric Idle, English actor and comedian
* 1943 &ndash; John Major, former Prime Minister of the United Kingdom
* 1943 &ndash; Vangelis, Greek musician and musician
* 1944 &ndash; Nana Akufo-Addo, President of Ghana
* 1944 &ndash; Terry Jacks, Canadian musician, songwriter, and activist
* 1945 &ndash; Walt Frazier, American basketball player
* 1946 &ndash; Billy Thorpe, Australian singer (d. 2007)
* 1946 &ndash; Robert J. Shiller, American economist
* 1947 &ndash; Bobby Kimball, American singer
* 1948 &ndash; Bud Cort, American movie and stage actor, director and writer
* 1949 &ndash; Michael Brecker, American jazz saxophonist and composer (d. 2007)
* 1949 &ndash; Dave Greenfield, English musician (The Stranglers)
* 1949 &ndash; Pauline Marois, 30th Premier of Quebec
* 1949 &ndash; Kayahan, Turkish singer-songwriter (d. 2015)
* 1949 &ndash; Keith Simpson, British politician
* 1950 &ndash; Mory Kanté, Guinean musician

### 1951 &ndash; 1975 
* 1952 &ndash; Teofilo Stevenson, Cuban boxer (d. 2012)
* 1954 &ndash; Dianne Kay, American actress
* 1955 &ndash; Rolf Lassgard, Swedish actor
* 1955 &ndash; Brendan Gleeson, Irish actor and director
* 1955 &ndash; Henry Bellingham, English politician
* 1955 &ndash; Christopher Lawford, American actor
* 1957 &ndash; Christopher Lambert, French actor
* 1958 &ndash; Pedro Bial, Brazilian producer, director, writer, journalist and television presenter
* 1958 &ndash; Marc Silvestri, American comics artist and publisher
* 1959 &ndash; Brad McCrimmon, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (d. 2011)
* 1960 &ndash; Jo Nesbo, Norwegian writer and musician
* 1960 &ndash; Annabella Sciorra, American actress
* 1961 &ndash; Amy Sedaris, American actress
* 1961 &ndash; Michael Winterbottom, British movie director
* 1963 &ndash; Voula Patoulidou, Greek athlete
* 1963 &ndash; Joan Garriga, Spanish motorcycle road racer (d. 2015)
* 1964 &ndash; Elle Macpherson, Australian model
* 1965 &ndash; Jill Goodacre, American actress and model
* 1965 &ndash; Dominic Littlewood, English television presenter
* 1965 &ndash; William Ofelein, American astronaut
* 1966 &ndash; Jeroen Dijsselbloem, Dutch politician
* 1967 &ndash; Michel Hazanavicius, French movie director, producer and screenwriter
* 1968 &ndash; Lucy Lawless, New Zealand actress
* 1971 &ndash; Robert Gibbs, former US Press Secretary
* 1972 &ndash; Michel Ancel, French game designer
* 1972 &ndash; Priti Patel, English politician
* 1972 &ndash; Rui Costa, Portuguese footballer
* 1973 &ndash; Marc Overmars, Dutch footballer

### From 1976 
* 1976 &ndash; Jennifer Capriati, American tennis player
* 1979 &ndash; Estela Giménez, Spanish rhythmic gymnast
* 1979 &ndash; Tomoe Shinohara, Japanese actress, singer, fashion designer and producer
* 1980 &ndash; Kim Tae-hee, South Korean actress
* 1980 &ndash; Prince Hamzah bin Al Hussein of Jordan
* 1981 &ndash; Megan Hilty, American actress and singer
* 1981 &ndash; Jlloyd Samuel, Trinidad and Tobago footballer
* 1982 &ndash; Hideaki Takizawa, Japanese actor and singer
* 1983 &ndash; Jeremie Aliadiere, French footballer
* 1984 &ndash; Mohamed Bouazizi, Tunisian fruit seller (d. 2011)
* 1984 &ndash; Roman Kienast, Austrian footballer
* 1984 &ndash; Juan Monaco, Argentine tennis player
* 1985 &ndash; Maxim Lapierre, Canadian ice hockey player
* 1986 &ndash; Sylvan Ebanks-Blake, English footballer
* 1986 &ndash; Luke Eberl, American actor and director
* 1987 &ndash; Dimitri Payet, French footballer
* 1989 &ndash; Arnold Peralta, Honduran footballer (d. 2015)
* 1990 &ndash; Teemu Pukki, Finnish footballer
* 1990 &ndash; Lyle Taylor, British footballer
* 1991 &ndash; Irene, South Korean singer, television host and actress
* 1991 &ndash; Hayley McFarland, American actress
* 1991 &ndash; Fabio Borini, Italian footballer
* 1991 &ndash; N'Golo Kanté, French footballer
* 1992 &ndash; Chris Massoglia, American actor
* 1994 &ndash; Sulli, South Korean actress, singer and dancer
* 1995 &ndash; Marc Musso, American actor
* 2012 &ndash; Isla Elizabeth Phillips, great–granddaughter of Queen Elizabeth II

## Deaths 
### Up to 1900 
* 87 BC &ndash; Emperor Wu of Han of China (b. 156 BC)
* 57 &ndash; Emperor Gwangwu of Han of China (b. 5)
* 1058 &ndash; Pope Stephen IX (b. 1020)
* 1368 &ndash; Emperor Go-Murakami of Japan (b. 1328)
* 1461 &ndash; Henry Percy, 3rd Duke of Northumberland, English politician (b. 1421)
* 1578 &ndash; Louis I, Cardinal of Guise, French cardinal (b. 1527)
* 1625 &ndash; Antonio de Herrera y Tordesillas, Spanish historian (b. 1549)
* 1772 &ndash; Emanuel Swedenborg, Swedish philosopher and mathematician (b. 1688)
* 1792 &ndash; King Gustav III of Sweden (b. 1746)
* 1826 &ndash; Johann Heinrich Voss, German poet (b. 1751)
* 1829 &ndash; Cornelio Saavedra, Argentine military officer (b. 1759)
* 1848 &ndash; John Jacob Astor, German–American businessman (b. 1763)
* 1855 &ndash; Henri Druey, Swiss politician (b. 1799)
* 1873 &ndash; Francesco Zantedeschi, Italian physicist (b. 1797)
* 1877 &ndash; Inazuma Raigoro, Japanese sumo wrestler (b. 1802)
* 1888 &ndash; Charles-Valentin Alkan, French composer (b. 1813)
* 1891 &ndash; Georges Seurat, French painter (b. 1859)

### 1901 &ndash; 2000 
* 1911 &ndash; Alexandre Guilmant, French organist and composer (b. 1837)
* 1912 &ndash; Henry Robertson Bowers, English explorer (b. 1883)
* 1912 &ndash; Robert Falcon Scott, English explorer (b. 1868)
* 1912 &ndash; Edward Adrian Wilson, English explorer (b. 1872)
* 1934 &ndash; Otto Hermann Kahn, German millionaire (b. 1867)
* 1937 &ndash; Karol Szymanowski, Polish composer (b. 1882)
* 1939 &ndash; Gerardo Machado, 5th President of Cuba (b. 1871)
* 1940 &ndash; Alexander Obolensky, Russian prince and England rugby player (b. 1916)
* 1948 &ndash; Olev Siinmaa, Estonian architect (b. 1881)
* 1956 &ndash; Infante Alfonso of Spain (b. 1941)
* 1959 &ndash; Barthélemy Boganda, President of the Central African Republic (b. 1910)
* 1972 &ndash; J. Arthur Rank, 1st Baron Rank, English businessman (b. 1888)
* 1980 &ndash; Mantovani, Italian–born conductor (b. 1905)
* 1981 &ndash; Eric Williams, 1st Prime Minister of Trinidad and Tobago (b. 1911)
* 1982 &ndash; Carl Orff, German composer (b. 1895)
* 1982 &ndash; Walter Hallstein, German educator and politician (b. 1901)
* 1985 &ndash; Jeanine Deckers, Belgian nun and singer (b. 1933)
* 1985 &ndash; Luther Terry, Surgeon General of the United States (b. 1911)
* 1986 &ndash; Harry Ritz, Austrian–American actor (b. 1907)
* 1988 &ndash; Maurice Blackburn, Canadian composer, conductor and sound editor (b. 1914)
* 1991 &ndash; Lee Atwater, American political advisor (b. 1951)
* 1994 &ndash; Bill Travers, English actor, director and screenwriter (b. 1922)

### From 2001 
* 2001 &ndash; Helge Ingstad, Norwegian explorer and archaeologist (b. 1899)
* 2003 &ndash; Carlo Urbani, Italian physician (b. 1956)
* 2004 &ndash; Joel Feinberg, American philosopher (b. 1926)
* 2004 &ndash; Simone Renant, French actress (b. 1911)
* 2009 &ndash; Maurice Jarre, French composer (b. 1924)
* 2009 &ndash; Vladimir Fedotov, Soviet–Russian footballer (b. 1943)
* 2009 &ndash; Helen Levitt, American photographer (b. 1913)
* 2011 &ndash; José Alencar, Vice President of Brazil (b. 1931)
* 2011 &ndash; Robert Tear, Welsh tenor and conductor (b. 1939)
* 2013 &ndash; Ralph Klein, 12th Premier of Alberta (b. 1942)
* 2014 &ndash; Karl Spillman Forester, American judge (b. 1940)
* 2014 &ndash; Birgitta Valberg, Swedish actress (b. 1916)
* 2014 &ndash; Yosef Hamadani Cohen, Iranian Jewish leader (b. 1916)
* 2014 &ndash; Marc Platt, American dancer and actor (b. 1913)
* 2014 &ndash; Hobart Alter, American surfer and boat designer (b. 1933)
* 2014 &ndash; Dane Witherspoon, American actor (b. 1957)
* 2015 &ndash; Juan Carlos Maccarone, Argentine Roman Catholic bishop (b. 1940)
* 2016 &ndash; Patty Duke, American actress (b. 1946)
* 2016 &ndash; Jean-Pierre Coffe, French television presenter and food critic (b. 1938)
* 2017 &ndash; Alexei Alexeyevich Abrikosov, Russian–American theoretical physicist (b. 1928)
* 2017 &ndash; Ken Sparks, American football player and coach (b. 1944)
* 2018 &ndash; Emiliano Mondonico, Italian footballer (b. 1947)
* 2018 &ndash; Stephen Reinhardt, American judge (b. 1931)
* 2018 &ndash; Rusty Staub, American baseball player (b. 1944)

## Observances 
* Boganda Day (Central African Republic)
* Youth Day (Republic of China)