open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Bacchus

statue of Bacchus from Pompeii, 2nd century BC]]

**Bacchus** was the Roman god of agriculture, wine and fertility, equivalent to the Greek god Dionysus. He is often seen with vines of grapes with him. Dionysus was said to be the last god to join the twelve Olympians. Supposedly, Hestia gave up her seat for him. His plants were vines and twirling ivy. He carried a pine cone-topped staff, and his followers were goat-footed Satyrs and Maenads, wild women who danced energetically during his festivals. Bacchus is the son of Jupiter.

## Mythical history 
Bacchus was the child of Jupiter and Semélé, a human whom Juno had tricked into asking to see Jupiter as he really was. Since she was a mortal, she was burned up by the sight of Jupiter in his divine form. So Jupiter sewed the infant Bacchus into his thigh, and gave birth to him nine months later. As a child, Bacchus was tutored by Silenus, who was a great lover of wine and often had to be carried on the back of a donkey. Before he took his place at Olympus, Bacchus wandered the world for many years, going as far as India to teach people how to grow wines.

## Further reading 
* *Mythology* by Lady Hestia Evans, published by Candlewick Press.

## Related pages
* Dionysus - Greek mythology version of Bacchus
SportsCenter

***SportsCenter*** is the daily sports news program of ESPN. It is widely spread out in the whole world, with famous citations in movies and international editions, as the *SportsCenter Brasil* (the Brazilian edition), the *SportsCenter Asia* and the *Sportscentre* (Canada). The *SportsCenter Brasil* has recently completed 3000 editions.
Mythology (book)

***Mythology: Greek Gods, Heroes, & Monsters*** is a book written by Dugald Steer and published in 2007. It written as the "travel journal" of the fictional Lady Hestia Evans. It records a trip to Greece that she took in 1825. The book is more similar to an encyclopedia than a story. It talks about the wonders of the ancient world and the gods and heroes of ancient mythology. It has notes added by John Oro, another fictional character who is a friend of Lady Hestia and also traveled to Greece.

## References
Peshawar Division

**Peshawar Division** () is an administrative division of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan, the reforms of 2000 removed divisions - however in 2008 divisions were recreated. When Pakistan became independent from Britain in 1947, the North-West Frontier Province (1901–1955) was split into two divisions, Dera Ismail Khan and Peshawar. Until 1976, Peshawar Division contained the districts of Hazara and Kohat, when they both became divisions themselves.

## History
Peshawar Division was originally a district of the North-West Frontier Province of British India - this was between 1901 and 1947.  The district was administratively subdivided into five tehsils: 

*Peshawar
*Charsadda
*Mardan
*Swabi
*Nowshera

After the independence of Pakistan in 1947, the tehsil of Peshawar became the new district of Peshawar and the old district became a division.

## Related pages
* Hazara Division
* Kohat Division
* Peshawar District

## References
Dera Ghazi Khan Division

**Dera Ghazi Khan Division** () was an administrative division of the Punjab province of Pakistan, until the reforms of 2000 abolished the third tier of government. During British rule Dera Ghazi Khan Division was a district of Multan Division, after independence from Britain Dera Ghazi Khan was made into a division in its own right until abolition in 2000.It contained the following Districts: Dera Ghazi Khan, Muzaffargarh, Rajanpur, Layyah.

## References
Interwar period

The **interwar period** was a time in history from 9 November 1918 to 1 September 1939, between the two world wars, World War I and World War II.

The period began with many changes internationally. The League of Nations was created, which was made to bring peace to the world, but did not prevent problems with Nazi Germany, which soon left the League. Also occurred was the growing threat of Japan, which invaded China. Soon the Soviet Union and Italy had begun to rise as international powers. All of that happened in the 21 years and soon triggered World War II.

## Related pages
* League of Nations
* Russian Civil War
* Chinese Civil War
* Spanish Civil War
* Second Sino-Japanese War

## References 
* McDonough, Frank (1997). The Origins of the First and Second World Wars. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. .
Baluchistan States Union

The **Baluchistan States Union** existed between 3 October 1952 and 14 October 1955 in modern southwest Pakistan. It was formed by the states of Kalat, Kharan, Las Bela and Makran with the capital at the town of Kalat. The area of the Union was roughly the western half of the modern province of Balochistan. The Union was separate from the Chief Commissioners Province of Baluchistan which comprised areas to the northeast of the Union. The Union did not include the enclave of Gwadar City which was part of the Sultanate of Oman. The four state rulers continued in office but some matters became the responsibility of the Council of Rulers.

Image:KalatFlag.gif
Image:Baluchistan States Map.png
Victorian era

The **Victorian era** of the United Kingdom was a time of Queen Victoria's rule from 1837 to 1901. This time was very prosperous for the British people. Trade was at its best. A well educated middle class ruled the country and the British Empire. Other countries also prospered but Britain became the greatest great power.

The Industrial Revolution continued to increase productivity and prosperity, especially in the middle and later parts of Victoria's reign. Making iron and steel was a basic industry. The furnaces were fired with coal. Shipbuilding was a major industry. Canals and steam railways connected all parts of the country, and British steamships connected the world. Cotton and wool were made into cloth and exported. Ceramics were also a major industry.

One important change in the Victorian era was the creation of the sewage system in London. In 1829 photography was invented. Gas lighting was important too. Streetlights became common first, followed by lights in public buildings and   home. In the 1880s people began making power stations and distribution systems to feed the new electric lightbulbs.

## Economic changes 
Britain began ruling its trading colonies in Africa, Asia, and the Caribbean. The British Empire now extended all over the world. It used new technologies like the railways and electric telegraph to communicate across these regions. Many British citizens moved to the colonies to make their fortune.

Industrialisation brought with it a rapidly growing middle class. They were not aristocrats and landowners, but on the other hand they were not unskilled workers. They were the people who created, managed and ran the new industrial factories.

## Social changes 
In the Victorian era, the middle class people owned their own houses. The family home often included three generations.  The concept of "privacy" became a mark of the middle class life. What went on in those homes was the themes of many mid-century novelists.

The printing press became faster in the nineteenth century and paper was cheaper too. The "taxes on knowledge" on newspapers and printed advertisements were lifted. This made magazines and newspapers cheaper. The government tried to improve literacy rates by starting schools for the poor. More books were written for, and read by, the newly educated middle classes.

## Entertainment 
More theatres opened in London. Orchestras and symphonies played, and operas were widely attended. Gambling at cards and new casinos became popular during the period. In the middle of the 19th century saw The Great Exhibition of 1851, the first World's Fair, and showed the greatest creations of the century.

## Related pages
* Imperialism
* Colonialism

## References
Tom Boonen

(2), Ian Stannard (1) & Tom Boonen (3).]]

**Tom Boonen** (; born 15 October 1980) is a Belgian road bicycle racer. He won the 2005 World Cycling Championship. Boonen is a member of the  team, He is a sprinter.

## References
Pomelo

The **Pomelo** (*Citrus maxima* or *Citrus grandis*), is a citrus fruit from South East Asia. It is pale green or yellow when ripe. Its flesh is sweet and white. The rind is very thick and spongy. It is the largest citrus fruit, usually  in diameter. It weighs .

Other names for the pomelo are **pummelo** and **pommelo.**

## Other websites 
* 

## Sources
Leiden University

**Leiden University** (Dutch: *Universiteit Leiden*), shortened to **LEI**, is a public university in Leiden, a city in the province of South Holland, the Netherlands.

Leiden University was established on 8 February 1575 and is the oldest university of the Netherlands.

It has about 29,500 students.

Its focus is on all sorts of sciences.

## Related pages 
*Leyden jar
## Other websites 
*
University of Amsterdam

The **University of Amsterdam** (Dutch: *Universiteit van Amsterdam*), shortened to **UvA**, is a public university in Amsterdam, a city in the province of North Holland and also capital to the Netherlands.

The University of Amsterdam was established in 1877 (its predecessor in 1632).

It has about 31,000 students.

Its focus is on all sorts of sciences.

## Other websites 
*
Wouter Bos

**Wouter Jacob Bos** (born July 14, 1963) was a Dutch minister of finance, deputy Prime Minister and leader of the Dutch Labour Party. He won the election of Dutch Labour Party leader, defeating Jouke de Vries. He led the party until March 12, 2010, the day he left. His successor is Job Cohen, who used to be the mayor of Amsterdam. He left because he wanted to spend more time with his family.

He left as minister of finance and deputy Prime Minister because the government felt over the decision of Uruzgan. The Dutch Labour Party was in the coalition, together with Christen Democraten Appèl and the ChristenUnie, both Christian parties. The Dutch Labour Party did not agree and stepped out of the coalition.

## References 
* Bio at Parlement.com
J. J. Thomson

**Sir Joseph John "J.J." Thomson**, OM, FRS (18 December 1856 – 30 August 1940) was a British physicist and Nobel laureate. He discovered the electron and isotopes, and invented the mass spectrometer. He won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1906 for his discovery of the electron and his work on  how electricity works in gases. Joseph John Thomson in 1893 said: "There is no other branch of physics which affords us so promising an opportunity of penetrating the secret of electricity." 

In 1897, Thomson showed that cathode rays were made of a previously unknown negatively charged particle of very small mass compared to its electric charge. It was later called the electron and was the first subatomic particle to be found. Thomson also found the first evidence for isotopes of a stable (non-radioactive) element in 1913, while studying anode rays (positive cations). 

In atomic theory he suggested the idea that atoms were spheres of evenly spread positive charge, where an individual negatively charged electron resided.  He later concluded there was more than one negatively charged particle in an atom.

Many of the young men who studied and worked with him at University of Cambridge also became famous physicists.
Flor-de-Lis

**Flor-de-Lis** are a folk music group from Lisbon, Portugal. They competed in the Eurovision Song Contest 2009 with the song *Todas as ruas do amor* where they finished 15th.

## Members
* Daniela Varela
* Paulo Pereira
* José Camacho
* Jorge Marques
* Ana Sofia Campeã
* Rolando Amaral
* Pedro Marques

## References
De-Stalinization

**De-Stalinization** is the way that the Soviet Union tried to undo Joseph Stalin's politics and the heroic image he created of himself using propaganda.
After Stalin died, a group led the Soviet Union for a while. Georgi Malenkov was the Premier of the Soviet Union; Lavrentiy Beria, head of the Ministry of the Interior; and Nikita Khrushchev was First Secretary of the Central Committee. 

Because Stalin had so prominent a control over the Soviet Union,  he was placed on a pedestal both at home and among communists abroad. In the years 1953–1955, a period of "silent de-Stalinization" took place, as the revision of Stalin's policies was done in secret, and often with no explanation.

## Revisionism 
In 1954, Nikita Khrushchev became the leader of the Soviet Union. He attempted to reform the Soviet government and change how socialism in the country should be run. In order to do this, he had to change the way the public thought of Stalin, this is called revisionism. He removed Stalin's corpse out of the mausoleum in Red Square and he changed the name of Stalingrad (which was named after Stalin) to Volgograd. Some people disliked Khrushchev’s reform and those who oppose revisionism are called anti-revisionist. 

## References
Felixstowe

**Felixstowe** is a town in Suffolk, England. It has the largest container ports in Europe.

About 30,000 people live in Felixstowe.

## References
## Other websites
*Felixstowe Town Council
Malcolm Lowry

**Clarence Malcolm Lowry** (; 28 July 1909 – 26 June 1957) was a British writer from the Wirral. He is most famous for his 1947 novel *Under the Volcano* about an alcoholic Consul in Mexico. Lowry was himself an alcoholic and a lot of his writings were about the effect alcohol had on his life and on the lives of his characters.

## References
**Under the Volcano* by Malcolm Lowry. Penguin edition 2000 (Introduction by Michael Schmidt)
Terraforming

in four stages of development]]

**Terraforming** is changing a planet or large natural satellite that we cannot live on at present without spacesuits and similar technology. The idea is to change it so some life from Earth could exist there. It would need a suitable atmosphere (air), heat, and water. "Paraterraforming" or "worldhousing" is a variant of terraforming that would involve building domes over the majority of a planet or moon.

Some think it is possible to terraform Mercury, Venus, Mars, Ceres, Pluto, our Moon, Titan, Callisto.

It is arguable that we have already succeeded in terraforming right here on Earth. Thanks to modern technology, humans can now thrive in places that should be impossible to live in such as deserts and the Arctic.

A related concept is **paraterraforming** or **worldhousing** which would involve constructing greenhouse-style geodesic domes and similar structures to cover most of, if not the entire surface of the planet or moon.

## References
Torn Curtain

***Torn Curtain*** is a 1966 movie directed by Alfred Hitchcock and starring Paul Newman and Julie Andrews. It is set mainly in East Germany during the Cold War and tells the story of a scientist (played by Newman) who pretends to betray his country, the United States of America to the USSR in order to gain vital information about a new weapon which the Soviet Union is building.

## Other websites 
*
Marnie

***Marnie*** is a 1964 American mystery drama movie directed by Alfred Hitchcock and based on the novel of the same name. It starred Tippi Hedren and Sean Connery. It tells the story of Marnie, a compulsive thief and liar, played by Hedren. She is befriended by and later marries a rich businessman called Mark Rutland, played by Connery. He tries to find out more about the tragic events which took place in her past and finally forces her to face up to these events and the secret which her mother kept from her since she was a child.

## References
*
Shadow of a Doubt

***Shadow of a Doubt*** is a 1943 American movie directed by Alfred Hitchcock starring Theresa Wright and Joseph Cotten. It tells the story of a naïve young girl called Charlie (played by Wright) who lives in a sleepy town in California with her well-meaning parents, and how her life is put in danger when her sinister uncle (played by Cotten) comes to stay with the family. Over the course of the movie, Charlie discovers that her uncle is a wanted serial killer who has murdered a lot of rich widows for their money. When her uncle finds out that Charlie has discovered his secret he sets out to murder her before she exposes him.

## References 
## Other websites 
*
Rope (movie)

***Rope*** is a 1948 American drama movie directed by Alfred Hitchcock. It stars James Stewart, John Dall and Farley Granger. It tells the story of two young intellectuals, played by Dall and Granger, who murder one of their friends in an apartment in Manhattan. They do it in order to prove that it is possible to commit the perfect murder. Then they hold a dinner party at which they invite the parents of the victim as well as their former teacher, played by Stewart. During the dinner party they come close to boasting about their crime and arouse the suspicions of the teacher who eventually exposes them and alerts the police. The movie is famous for seemingly being made in one long shot without changing the camera angle. It is also known for implying a homosexual relationship between the two intellectuals at a time when homosexuality was rarely mentioned in movies or popular American culture.

## References
*
Early modern period

The **early modern period** of human history, is a time from 15001800 (roughly). This time follows the Middle Ages. It is the start of recognizable nations that we know today.

In the history of Europe, the early modern period follows the Medieval period. It begins around the Fall of Constantinople in 1453, and includes the Renaissance period, and the Age of Discovery. It includes the discovery of America, and the discovery of the sea route to the East. It ends around the French Revolution in 1789.

## Europe 
In 1453 Constantinople fell to the Ottoman Empire. Science, transport, and communications improved. This is also called the Renaissance. For European countries with many ships, this was the Age of Discovery. Europe was beginning to expand to the New World. Trade with Asia was common, after Europeans found their way around Africa and into the Indian Ocean. Late in this period the European countries started setting up colonies there. 

## Asia 
The Mughal Empire began in 1526. This Empire had a orderly government, widespread economic prosperity and religious tolerance. At this time Asia was flourishing in Math and Science. Also the Ottoman Empire was ruling the Middle East, along with the Persian Empire.

## Related pages
* Renaissance

## References 
* Discussion of the medieval/modern transition from the introduction to the pioneering *Cambridge Modern History* (1903)
* Society for Renaissance Studies
National Assembly

The **National Assembly** is a type of legislature in some countries. The best known National Assembly, and the first legislature to be known by this title, was established during the French Revolution in 1789, known as the *Assemblée Nationale*. Almost every country in Africa has a National Assembly. However, outside of Africa there are not that many countries with National assembly. In Europe there is Britain, France, Germany etc. In Asia there is China, Afghanistan, Iraq, Pakistan,Bangladesh, and South Korea.
Kenneth Clarke

**Kenneth Harry Clarke, Baron Clarke of Nottingham**,  (born 2 July 1940), often known as **Ken Clarke**, is a British politician. He was the Justice Secretary in the coalition government. Clarke has had a long career in politics and has served in the cabinets of Margaret Thatcher and John Major. On February 26, 2017, Clarke became Father of the House after the death of Gerald Kaufman. 

## Early life and politics
Clarke was born in West Bridgford, Nottinghamshire, England and was educated at the University of Cambridge. He became the Member of Parliament for Rushcliffe at the 1970 general election and became a Queen's Counsel in 1980. He held a number of lower positions in government under Margaret Thatcher until she promoted him to Health Secretary in 1988. He became Education Secretary in 1990 and when Thatcher resigned as Prime Minister and was replaced with John Major he stayed on as Health Secretary until 1992 when he was promoted to Chancellor of the Exchequer. He stayed as Chancellor until 1997 when the Conservatives were defeated in the General Election.

## In opposition
John Major resigned as leader of the Conservative Party soon after he was defeated in the general election and Clarke stood for election to replace him as leader and therefore become the Leader of the Opposition. However he was defeated by William Hague in this contest. When Hague himself resigned after losing the 2001 General Election Clarke again stood for leader but was defeated by Iain Duncan Smith. In 2005 he stood for the leadership for a third time but was defeated by David Cameron. It is thought that Clarke was unable to become leader because many in the Conservative Party do not wish to see the United Kingdom replace the pound with the Euro as the main currency whereas Clarke has always been very much in favour of this policy.

## As Shadow Business Secretary
Clarke returned to the Conservative front bench in 2009 as the Shadow Business Secretary where he has the job of monitoring the performance of the current Business Secretary Peter Mandelson. When the coalition government was formed on 11 May 2010 Clarke was made the Justice Secretary.

## References
Hughes Medal

, who won the first medal in 1902 "for his numerous contributions to electric science, especially in reference to the phenomena of electric discharge in gases"]]

The **Hughes Medal** is awarded by the Royal Society of London for original discoveries in electricity and magnetism or their applications.

The medal was first given to J.J. Thomson in 1902 "for his numerous contributions to electric science, especially in reference to the phenomena of electric discharge in gases". It has been awarded over a hundred times. At first it was awarded annually, now it is every two years.

Unlike some other Royal Society medals, the Hughes Medal has never been awarded to the same person more than once. Only one woman has won it: Michele Dougherty in 2008, who was awarded the medal "for innovative use of magnetic field data that led to discovery of an atmosphere around one of Saturn's moons and the way it revolutionised our view of the role of planetary moons in the Solar System". in 1981 by Peter Higgs, Thomas Walter and Tom W. B. Kibble "for their international contributions about the spontaneous breaking of fundamental symmetries in elementary-particle theory", in 1982 by Drummond Matthews and Frederick Vine for explaining the magnetic properties of the ocean floors which then led to the plate tectonic hypothesis, and in 1988 by Archibald Howie and M.J. Whelan for their work on the theory of electron diffraction and microscopy, and its use in the study of lattice defects in crystals.

## List of recipients 
## References 
;General
*
*

;Specific

## Other websites 
*Royal Society: Hughes Medal
Hartlepool United F.C.

**Hartlepool Utd F.C** are an English football team playing in the English Football League. They were founded in 1908 as ‘Hartlepools Utd’ and currently play at the Victoria ground. The well known football manager Brian Clough started his career as a manager with Hartlepool in 1965 before leaving to go on and manage Derby County.

## References 
*Club homepage
Nadia Comăneci

**Nadia Elena Comăneci** (born November 12, 1961) is a Romanian former gymnast. 

She is famous for scoring the first ever perfect 10 in Olympic gymnastics history in the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Comăneci scored six perfect scores in Canada. She was coached by Béla Károlyi. She is married to former American gymnast Bart Conner, who is a commentator for the sport.

## References
## Other websites
Japanese morning glory

**Japanese morning glory**, also called the *Ipomoea nil*, is an attractive cultivated plant, a climbing annual commonly with white edges, also named white-edge morning glory. It is found in US Florida to South America, also in Galapagos Islands.

## References 
## Other websites
*
*
*Plants and classification of genus Ipomoea
*Morning glories, moonflowers, and their relatives  
*Decoding the genome of the Japanese morning glory
Swansea City A.F.C.

**Swansea City AFC** are a Welsh football (soccer) team who have played in the English Premier League since 2011. Before being promoted to the Premier League for the 2011–12 season, they had played in the English Football League since 1920. They were founded in 1912 as Swansea Town and played at the Vetch Field ground until 2005 when they moved to the Liberty Stadium. Their most successful period as a team was in the early 1980s under their manager John Toshack when they played in the old First Division from 1981-1983 (which was the highest tier of English football at the time). Swansea play their home games in an all white strip. Their main rivals are Cardiff City and a match between the two sides is known as the South Wales derby. As well as competing in the English League they have also won the Welsh Cup ten times and the Football Association of Wales Premier Cup twice. In 2011, they were promoted to the Premier League after winning the Football League Championship play-offs after finishing third in the league. They avoided relegation in their first Premier League season ending up in 11th place.

## Name
*1912-1970 **Swansea Town F.C.**
*1970-present **Swansea City A.F.C.**

## League position
### Former position
## References
*http://www.swanseacity.net/page/Welcome  - Club home page
Tippi Hedren

**Tippi Hedren** (born Nathalie Kay Hedren, January 19, 1930) is an American actress. Her paternal grandparents were Swedish immigrants. Her maternal ancestry is German and Norwegian. She is best known for her performances in two movies directed by Alfred Hitchcock: *The Birds* and *Marnie*. She is the mother of actress Melanie Griffith and has acted in movies with her daughter.

## References
*
Bill Hicks

'''William 'Bill' Hicks''' (16 December 1961 – 26 February 1994) was an American stand-up comedian known for his controversial act which made fun of religion and politics amongst other areas. Since then, many other stand-up comedians in the United States and United Kingdom have said they have been very influenced by his work, which is still very popular today.

Hicks was born in Valdosta, Georgia and raised in Houston, Texas. He died of pancreatic cancer in Little Rock, Arkansas.

## References
*True, Cynthia (2002). American Scream: The Bill Hicks Story. New York, NY: HarperCollins. .
Pyrrhic victory

A **Pyrrhic victory** is battle won at too great a cost. It is one in which the side that won the victory suffers very badly. 

A Pyrrhic victory may take place when the victorious army has lost a huge number of men or when the enemy army has reinforcements about to arrive which greatly outnumber the winning army and mean that the chances of a second victory are very low. A Pyrrhic victory is named after King Pyrrhus of Epirus. He won a battle against the Romans in 280 BC but many of his men and most of his friends and top commanders died in the battle.

## References
Exeter City F.C.

**Exeter City F.C.** is an English association football club currently competing in the English Football League. They were founded in 1904 and currently play at the St James Park ground. 

Possibly their most famous game was when they drew 0-0 against Manchester United in an FA Cup match in 2005 at United's home ground of Old Trafford.

## Other websites 
* Official website
Iain Duncan Smith

**Sir George Iain Duncan Smith** (born 9 April 1954 in Edinburgh, Scotland) is a British politician who is the Secretary of State for Work and Pensions from 2016 - 2016. He was the leader of the Conservative Party from September 2001 to November 2003 and is the Member of Parliament (MP) for the constituency of Chingford and Woodford Green.

Iain Duncan Smith served in the Scottish part of the British Army, the Scots' Guard from 1975 to 1981. He became a Conservative Party MP at the 1992 General Election for the constituency of Chingford (called Chingford and Woodford Green from 1997). He became a member of William Hague's shadow cabinet in 1997 and became Shadow Defence Secretary in 1999. When Hague resigned in 2001, Iain Duncan Smith was elected leader of the Conservative Party, defeating Kenneth Clarke and Michael Portillo. In November 2003, Conservative Party MPs passed a Vote of No Confidence in Iain Duncan Smith because they believed he could not win the general election. He was replaced by Michael Howard. After the 2010 General Election, Iain Duncan Smith was made the Secretary of State for Work and Pensions. He resigned in March 2016.

Iain Duncan Smith was the first leader of the Conservative Party to have been Roman Catholic and was the first to have been born in Scotland since Arthur Balfour.

## References
## Other websites 
*- Official site
Water opossum

The **water opossum** (*Chironectes minimus*) is also  known as the **yapok**. It is an aquatic marsupial and a member of the opossum family. It has black and grey waterproof fur and webbed hind feet. It is *the only living marsupial where both sexes have a backward-pointing pouch*. 

The animal is found in the freshwater streams and lakes in Mexico, Central and South America. The water opossum lives in bankside burrows. It comes out after dusk to search for fish, crustaceans and other aquatic animals, which it eats on the bank.

The yapok's webbed back feet helps it chase its prey in the water.

## References
Frenzy

***Frenzy*** is a 1972 British crime thriller movie set in London. It is directed by Alfred Hitchcock starring Jon Finch and Barry Foster. It tells the story of an innocent man, played by Finch who is wrongly believed to be a serial killer by the police and his efforts to avoid capture and bring the real killer to justice. This was the second to last movie that Hitchcock made before he died in 1980 and the first time in many years he had made a movie in the United Kingdom.

## References
### Further reading
* 
* 

## Other websites
*
*
Alexander Rybak

**Alexander Rybak** (born 13 May 1986) is a Belarusian-born Norwegian singer, composer and violinist. He won the Eurovision Song Contest 2009 with the song "Fairytale". He was born in Minsk, Belarusian SSR. His family moved to Norway when he was four. 

## Eurovision Song Contest
In 2009, Rybak won Melodi Grand Prix, allowing him to represent Norway in the Eurovision Song Contest 2009 with the song "Fairytale". He won the contest. Rybak won the Melodi Grand Prix again in 2018 with the song "That’s How You Write a Song", sending him to the Eurovision Song Contest 2018. He placed 15th in the final. He had a cameo appearance in the Eurovision movie.

## Discography
### Studio albums
### Singles
#### As lead artist
#### As featured artist
## Notes
## References
Pika

A **pika** is a small mammal related to the hare and the rabbit (lagomorph). Pikas are also known as **rock rabbits** or **coneys**. Pikas have short limbs, a round body, an even coat of fur, round ears, and no external tail. 

There are 37 different species of pika. Most pikas live in colder climates, on rocky mountain slopes. Pikas need cold temperatures to live, and can die if exposed to temperatures above . They live in Asia, North America and parts of Eastern Europe. They are active during the day or twilight. Pikas do not hibernate. Because they do not hibernate, during the summer they gather food for winter. They collect hay, which they pile up to dry. They sometimes steal hay from each other. This often results in disputes. Predators, like ferrets, and large birds often use these disputes to catch pikas. 

Pikas are herbivores and eat many kinds of plants, such as grasses, sedges, moss, and lichens. 

Pikas in Eurasia often live in family groups and share duties of gathering food and keeping watch. Some species are territorial. Pikas in North America are  outside of breeding season.

Pikachu from Pokemon is based off this animal.

## References
Die Lollipops

**Die Lollipops** is a children's band which formed in Germany in the summer of 2000 under the **Edelkids** label, a division of a German company named Edel Music.  According to the label's website, the primary intended audience for the band is German-speaking children between 4 and 10 years old.

## Music 
Their music can be divided into three basic types: 
* Traditional children's songs, whether native or international;
* Covers, or songs in which the melody is borrowed from a popular song (often from the English-speaking world) but the lyrics are unrelated; and
* Original songs invented by the group.  This accounts for the largest number of songs, especially in the more recent releases.  Note that the meanings of the terms platinum and gold are different for different countries: in Germany gold signifies 100,000 sales and platinum 200,000.   

Die Lollipops has featured two singers at a time for most of its history; generally these have been girls between the ages of about 11 and 16.  Because the band has been around for nine years, they must replace their singers with new ones every few years.  The current duet started recording in late 2007 with Susi and Fiona (then 12 and 11 years old respectively).  They released an album called *Einfach tierisch* in March 2008, and plan to release another one called *Immer in Bewegung* in July 2009.  Peter Hoffmann has remained the producer since the group was formed.   The band has attracted composers from other bands registered by Edel Music; a singer named Klaus Büchner had written a song about drinking alcohol called *Wir feiern wieder Feste* in 1987 when he was singing in his own band, called Klaus & Klaus; he then re-wrote it as a children's song about a never-ending party for die Lollipops.  The title of the song is still the same and the syllable rhythms are similar, especially in the chorus. 

Due to the language barrier, the Lollipops are largely unheard of outside the German-speaking world.  Their music can be downloaded via websites such as Amazon.com.

## Albums 
* 2000: *Die Lollipops*
* 2000: *Winterwunderland*
* 2001: ''Komm wir geh'n ins Kino*
* 2001: *Sing mit Uns*
* 2001: *Hitzefrei*
* 2002: *Einmal um die Ganze Welt*
* 2003: *Freunde Fürs Leben*
* 2004: *Tanzen, Lachen, Party machen*
* 2004: *Wir Feiern*
* 2004: *Wünsch Dir Was!*
* 2005: *Für Immer Ferien*
* 2005: *Wir Wolln Spass*
* 2006: *Reiterferien sind der Hit!*
* 2007: *Party, Popcorn, Polonaise!*
* 2007: *Zusammen sind wir Doppelt Stark*
* 2008: *Einfach Tierisch*
* 2009: *Immer in Bewegung*
* 2010: *Jetzt geht's ab'' 

## References 
## Other websites 
* http://www.lollipops-musik.de/ 
* http://www.edelkids.de/
Two-source hypothesis

The **Two-source hypothesis** is a hypothesis that was made in the 19th century. It tries to explain what is called the synoptic problem in Christian theology. This problem is that certain parts of the gospels of Mark, Matthew and Luke have texts that are very similar. The hypothesis claims that the Gospels of Matthew and Luke were written based on the gospel of Mark, and lost source text, called Q. The Q is for German *Quelle*, and means source. The lost document was likely a collection of Jesus' sayings, very probably written in the Ancient Greek. The hypothesis is widely accepted among Christian scholars.

## Problems
There are two major problems with this hypothesis:
*There is something that is called *minor agreements*. These are parts of the text, where both Matthew and Luke agree, but where Mark does not. To explain this,  many people believe that Matthew and Luke did not use the text of Mark as it was included in the New Testament, but rather an earlier version. Some people even say that they did not use the same version of this earlier text. This could also explain why the text in Mk 6,45-8,26 is missing from Luke.
*The two source hypothesis requires a *second source*, called Q. The problem is that this source is not mentioned in the many fragments of early Christian texts that were found, or in the early Christian Church tradition.
Gene Wilder

**Gene Wilder** (**Jerome Silberman**; June 11, 1933 &ndash; August 29, 2016) was an American actor, comedian, director and writer. He was most famous for his acting work and in particular for the movies he made with Mel Brooks which include *The Producers*, *Blazing Saddles* and *Young Frankenstein*. He also played the part of Willy Wonka in the musical movie *Willy Wonka & the Chocolate Factory*.

Wilder studied Communication and Theatre Arts at the University of Iowa.

Wilder was drafted into the Army on September 10, 1956 where he worked in the medic corps. He was a medic or paramedic in the department of psychiatry or neurology in the Valley Forge hospital in Pennsylvania.    

An unauthorized  biography of Wilder called *Gene Wilder: Funny and Sad* by Brian Scott Mednick was published in December 2010 by BearManor Media.

Wilder died from Alzheimer's disease on August 29, 2016 in Stamford, Connecticut at age 83.

## Work
### Movies
### Television
*Voice for *The Electric Company*'s segment *The Adventures of Letterman* (60 episodes, 1972–77)
**Something Wilder* (1994–95)
**Will & Grace* (2002) Episode *"Boardroom and a Parked Place"* (Guest Star – Mr. Stein)
**Will & Grace* (2003) Episode *"Sex, Losers & Videotape"* (Guest Star – Mr. Stein)

### Stage
* *The Complaisant Lover* (Broadway, 1962)
* *Mother Courage and Her Children* (Broadway, 1963)
*  Death Of A Salesman
* ''One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest* (Broadway, 1963)
* *The White House* (Broadway, 1964)
* *Luv* (Broadway, 1966)
* *Laughter on the 23rd Floor* (London, 1996)
* *The Scarecrow* (Broadway, 1972)
* *Rhinoceros'' (1974)

## References
Blazing Saddles

***Blazing Saddles*** is a 1974 comedy western movie directed by Mel Brooks starring Cleavon Little, Gene Wilder and Harvey Korman. It tells the story of a black Sheriff, played by Little, who is appointed Sheriff of a small Western town and how he must try to make friends with the racist towns people and stop a ruthless businessman from knocking down the town to make way for a railway line.

While the movie is widely said to be a classic comedy today, critical reaction was mixed when the movie was first released.

In 2006, Blazing Saddles was selected by the Library of Congress into the United States National Film Registry.

## Cast
* Cleavon Little as Sheriff Bart
* Gene Wilder as Jim, aka "The Waco Kid"
* Harvey Korman as Hedley Lamarr
* Madeline Kahn as Lili von Shtupp, the "Teutonic Titwillow"
* Slim Pickens as Taggart
* Dom DeLuise as Buddy Bizarre
* Mel Brooks as Gov. William J. Le Petomane / Indian Chief / Tough wearing sunglasses and a bomber jacket.
* Liam Dunn as Reverend Johnson
* George Furth as Van Johnson
* Burton Gilliam as Lyle
* John Hillerman as Howard Johnson
* David Huddleston as Olson Johnson
* Richard Collier as Dr. Samuel Johnson
* Alex Karras as Mongo
* Jack Starrett as Gabby Johnson
* Robyn Hilton as Miss Stein (the governor's secretary)
* Rodney Allen Rippy as Young Bart
* Charles McGregor as Charlie
* Robert Ridgely as Boris, the hangman
* Carol Arthur as Harriet Johnson
* Anne Bancroft as Extra in Church Congregation (uncredited)

## Awards and honors
In the scene where Lamarr talks to his band of bad guys, he says, "You men are only risking your lives, while I am risking an almost-certain Academy Award nomination for Best Supporting Actor!" Harvey Korman did not, in fact, get an Oscar nomination.  The movie did receive three other Academy Awards nominations in 1974: Best Actress in a Supporting Role for Madeline Kahn, Best Film Editing, and Best Music, Original Song. The movie also earned two BAFTA awards nominations, for Best Newcomer (Cleavon Little) and Best Screenplay.

The movie won the Writers Guild of America Award for "Best Comedy Written Directly for the Screen" for writers Mel Brooks, Norman Steinberg, Andrew Bergman, Richard Pryor, and Alan Uger.

In 2006, *Blazing Saddles* was chosen by the Library of Congress for the National Film Registry.

## References 
## Other websites
* 
*
Tay-Sachs disease

**Tray-Sachs disease** (also called **Tray-Sachs syndrome**) is a disease that causes problems with the metabolism of fat. Tay-Sachs is caused by a lack of the enzyme Hexosaminidase A.

Tay-Sachs is a genetic disease. It happens when Chromosome 15 has a genetic problem. The problem is caused by a defective HEXA gene. It is recessive, which means both parents must give the baby the defective gene for the baby to have Tay-Sachs. One in every twenty seven Jewish American has one defective gene and can give Tay-Sachs the defective gene to their child. The disease is very rare. It is most common in Jewish families. There is a blood test to see if a person has the Tay Sachs gene. This blood test has helped reduce the number of babies born with Tay-Sachs. In the 1800’s, there were 60 new cases and in the 21st century there were 5.

Infants with the Tay-Sachs gene from both parents usually die of pneumonia or other infections during their first four years of life. Some symptoms include: lack of energy, loss of vision and motor skills (paralyzation), and seizures.  Tay–Sachs disease is usually first noticed in infants around six months old. They show an abnormally strong response to sudden noises or other stimulus. This is called the "startle response". The child may also be listlessness or have muscle stiffness (hypertonia). The disease is classified into several forms, which are based on the age when the neurological symptoms began. There is no known treatment for this disease.

The disease is named after Warren Tay and Bernard Sachs who first described the disease in the late 19th century. After the discovery, he noticed a red spot on the retina of a one year old child. The child was experiencing the same symptoms of the disease. Bernard Sachs was a neurologist from the United States. He was the first person to describe the cellular changes from the disease. In 1969, researchers discovered that Tay-Sachs is caused by a lack of the enzyme Hexosaminidase A. 

## References
Joseph Swan

Sir **Joseph Wilson Swan** (31 October 1828–27 May 1914) was an English physicist and chemist who was well known because he created the incandescent light bulb, about a year before Thomas Edison.  His house was the first in the world to be lit by electric light bulbs.

In 1904, Swan was knighted, awarded the Royal Society's Hughes Medal, and was made an honorary member of the Pharmaceutical Society. He had already received the highest award in France, the Légion d'honneur, when he visited an international exhibition in Paris in 1881. The exhibition included exhibits of his inventions, and the city was lit with electric light, thanks to Swan's invention.

## References
Atom Egoyan

**Atom Egoyan,** OC ()  (born July 19, 1960) is a Canadian-Armenian movie maker.  His work often explores themes of alienation and isolation. Egoyan's movies often follow non-linear plot-structures, in which events are placed out of sequence in order to elicit specific emotional reactions from the audience by withholding important information. 

## Movies
* *Where the Truth Lies* - 2005 murder mystery starring Kevin Bacon and Colin Firth.

## References
Henry Rollins

**Henry Rollins** (born February 13, 1961 in Washington D.C.) is an American singer, writer and actor. After a few wild years in the punk rock band Black Flag, he started his own metal band, the Rollins Band. Rollins is now a solo artist. He often tours in many countries performing spoken-word concerts.

## References
## Other websites 
*Henry Rollins' website
Maiden voyage

**Maiden voyage** is the name given to the first trip a ship makes after it has been launched. Sometimes important people will go on the maiden voyage including politicians, business people and celebrities.

## References
Riaz Shahid

**Riaz Shahid** (1927 - October 1, 1972) was a noted Pakistani filmmaker, movie writer, and journalist. His real name was *Sheikh Riaz*, but was called by his nickname *Shahid*.  Riaz was from Lahore where he started his career as a journalist for newspaper *Chataan* and later joined Faiz Ahmed Faiz's *Lail-o-Nihar*. He also wrote a novel named *Hazar Dastaan*.

In 1962, Riaz started his movie career as a director for the movie *Susraal*. From this point onwards, he went on to direct several hits like *Zarqa*, *Shaheed*, *Farangi*, and *Yeh Aman*.

Riaz Shahid was married to then famous actress Neelo and had three children. The first child their daughter was named *Zarqa* followed by two sons Shaan, who is now a well known Pakistani movie actor and *Sarosh*, who also worked in a couple of Pakistani movies.    

Riaz died of leukemia in 1972.
Neelo

**Neelo** (born **Abida Riaz**; 30 June 1940 &ndash; 30 January 2021) was an actress from Lahore City. She was the mother of the movie actor Shaan. She was born June 29, 1945 in Bhera, near Sargodha. 

Later, when she got married to Riaz Shahid she changed her name to Abida Riaz, and also became a Muslim. Shahid died in 1972, but Riaz has kept her name the same.

Neelo died of cancer on 30 January 2021 in Abbottabad at the age of 80.

## References
Favicon

A **favicon** is a small image (known as an icon) that is used to identify a website or webpage.

This type of icon (also known as a **favorite icon** or **favorites icon**) is usually a square image that is only 16 pixels in height and 16 pixels in width. However, modern browsers, especially those installed on smartphones, can display bigger favicons that are 32 pixels or 64 pixels in size. When a favicon is included in a webpage it can be seen next to a browser's address bar, inside a browser's tab (often to the left of the title of the tab), or in the browser's Favorites' or Bookmarks' list.

## Related pages
* GIMP
* Internet Explorer
* Mozilla Firefox
* Web
* Internet

## Other websites 
* How to Add a Favicon to your Site
Indian rhinoceros

The **Indian rhinoceros** or the **Asian one-horned rhinoceros** (*Rhinoceros unicornis*) is a large mammal primarily found in Pakistan, north-eastern India, Nepal and parts of Bhutan. It lives in the tall grasslands and forests in the foothills of the Himalayas. 

Rhinoceros was hunted for sport, and is now poached because its horn is used for traditional Chinese medicine (alternative medicine).
Augusto Righi

**Augusto Righi** (27 August 1850 – 8 June 1920) was an Italian physicist who was a big part in the study of electromagnetism. He was born and died in Bologna.

In 1872 and 1880 in Bologna, he was researching mostly in electrostatics. He became an ordinary professor in physics at the University of Palermo in 1880, when he was there he studied the transfer of heat and electricity in bismuth. From 1885 to 1889 he was a professor at the University of Padua (Padova), studying the photoelectric effect. In late 1889 he went to the University of Bologna, where he worked for the rest of his life on things like the Zeeman Effect, 'Roentgen rays', and magnetism.

## Other websites
* Righi  at chem.ch.huji.ac.il

*The professor of G. Marconi. http://www.radiomarconi.com/marconi/augustorighi.html
Fountain Hills

**Fountain Hills** is a town in the Maricopa County of Arizona. It is close to Phoenix and Scottsdale. Fountain Hills has the 4th largest fountain in the world, which goes off every hour for 15 minutes. The general entertainment consists in the local high school sporting events.

## References