Tando Allahyar

**Tando Allahyar** (, ) is a city in Sindh, Pakistan. It is the capital of Tando Allahyar District. In 2017, it was the 56th largest city in Pakistan by population.

## History 
Tando Allahyar was started when the Talpur family ruled. When Bachal Yousfani was the mayor, they built places for visitors to stay and places for people to live. They also made new jobs for people.

## Watayo Faqir's Shrine 
The shrine of Watayo Faqir, a wise Sufi poet, is at Kuba Shareef near Rashidabad.

## 1709 Fort Construction 
Tando Allahyar was founded in 1709. The Talpur family built a fort made of mud and clay about  from today's town center. The fort kept the area safe and was also a trading place. The town grew around the fort and was called "Allahyar Jo Tando" (Allahyar's Town). Today, the fort is called "Kacho Qilo." Some of the old walls are still there.

## British Rule 
In 1906, when the British ruled, they built a railway station. This showed the town was becoming important for farming and trading. The town's name changed to "Tando Allahyar." The British used the fort for their offices.

## Local Zamindars 
Tando Allahyar is famous for farming. Many Sindhi tribes and families, like the Bozdars, Yousfanis, Bachanis, Talpurs, Jatois, and Jokhios, own large areas of land.

## Canal 
In 1933, a canal was built. That made Tando Allahyar even more important for farming and trading.

## Independence 
Before 1947, most people in Tando Allahyar were Hindu. The temple of Baba Ramdevji Rama-Pir was a symbol of Hindu-Muslim unity. After Pakistan became independent, many Hindus left, but the temple is still a popular place for Hindu pilgrims.

Muslim people supported the creation of Pakistan. After 1947, Hindus and Sikhs moved to India. Muslim refugees from India came to live in Tando Allahyar.

## Ramapir Temple 
The Ramapir Temple in Tando Allahyar is a special place for Hindus. It is the second biggest place for Hindu pilgrims in Pakistan. Every year, in the Bhadrapada month, a three-day festival happens here.

## Location 
Tando Allahyar is  northeast of Hyderabad, between Hyderabad and Mirpur Khas. It has an important train station. In the early 1800s, the Bozdar family started villages nearby, like Khan Muhammad Bozdar, Massu Bozdar, and Dhangano Bozdar.

## Population 
In 2010, Tando Allahyar and nearby areas had 400,000 people. 30% were Muslims who moved from India after Pakistan became independent in 1947. 70% were native Sindhi people. There are also many people who speak Urdu, Balochi, Punjabi, and Pashto.

## Hindu Temples 
There are Hindu temples in Tando Allahyar, including Shri Ramapir and Rama Pir.

## Climate
Tando Allahyar is hot throughout the year. Nights often have cool breezes throughout the year.

## Agriculture 
Tando Allahyar is one of Pakistan's top farming areas. Farmers grow sugarcane, wheat, onions, and cotton. They also grow mangoes and bananas. There are sugar mills and cotton factories. The Mohsin Rasheed Memon Mango Farm is a big mango farm  from the city. It has many types of mangoes like Sindhri, dashari, langra, Anwer Ratol, Siroli, and Patasha.

## Religion 
Most people in Tando Allahyar follow Shia and Sunni Islam. There is also a small Hindu community. In the city, Hindus usually do business. In the countryside, they often farm. There are some shrines in the city and an old madrasa called Darul Uloom.

## Culture 
Tando Allahyar has a rich Sindhi culture. Women often wear traditional dresses like gharara or "parro" and lots of bangles. Men wear Shalwar Kameez with wide bottoms and Sindhi caps. Young people sometimes wear western clothes.

## Languages 
People in Tando Allahyar mainly speak Sindhi, Siraiki, and Urdu. Other languages spoken include Rajisthani, Qaimkhani, Khanzada, Dhatki, Marwari, Balochi, Punjabi, and Brahui.

## Architecture 
Tando Allahyar is a busy town. It has streets lined with mango trees. Old buildings have special air-cooling devices on top to catch the breeze.

## Education 
People in the city are more educated than those in the countryside. Tando Allahyar is a poorer area. The government builds schools and provides teachers, but the teachers get little training and often use old teaching methods. In 2017, some teachers did not know about interactive classes that help students think independently. Most schools teach in Urdu.

## References