open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Kōhō

was a  after *Ōwa* and before *Anna.*  This period started in July 964 and ended in August 968.  The reigning emperors were  and .

## Events of the *Kōhō* era
* **964** (*Kōhō 1, 4th month*): The Empress Fujiwara no Ansi died.  Soon after, the empress' younger sister and the emperor's older brother died. In his grief, the emperor neglected his duty to care for the government.

* **965** (*Kōhō 2, 4th month*): Fujiwara no Akihira died at the age of 68.  He held the office of Minister of the Right (*udaijin*) in the Imperial court hierarchy.

## Related pages 
* Heian period

## References
## Other websites
* National Diet Library, "The Japanese Calendar" -- historical overview plus illustrative images from library's collection
Anna (era)

was a  after *Kōhō* and before *Tenroku.*  This period spanned the years from August 968 through March 970.  The reigning emperors were  and .

## Events of the *Anna* era
* **968** (*Anna 1, 6th month*):  became Chancellor (*kampaku*).

* **26 October 968** (*Anna 1, 26th day of the 10th month*): A child who would become Emperor Kazan is born in the house of the man who would become Emperor Ichijo.

* **969** (*Anna 2, 10th month*): died.  He was Minister of the Left (*sadaijin*) in the Imperial court hierarchy.

* **969** (*Anna 2, 12th month*): The *kampaku* Saneyori celebrated his 70th birthday.

## Related pages
* Heian period

## References
## Other websites
* National Diet Library, "The Japanese Calendar" -- historical overview plus illustrative images from library's collection
Ten'en

was a  after *Tenroku* and before *Jōgen.*  This period started in December 973 and ended in July 976.   The reigning emperor were .

## Events of the ''Ten'en* era
* **28 May 973** (*Ten'en 1, 24th day of the 4th month''): A fire broke out in a Minamoto compound located near the Imperial Palace.  The fire destroyed more than 300 houses.  The guard was doubled around the Emperor's residence.
* **974** (''Ten'en 2, 2nd month*): Fujiwara no Kanemichi was named *daijō-daijin* in the Imperial court hierarchy; and he was given permission to travel to court in a carriage.
* **974** (*Ten'en 2, 10th month*): The emperor received a gift of horses from Korea.
* **975** (*Ten'en 3, 8th month''): A comet was seen in the night sky.

## Related pages
* Heian period

## References
## Other websites
* National Diet Library, "The Japanese Calendar" -- historical overview plus illustrative images from library's collection
Keith Ferguson

**Keith James Ferguson** (b February 26, 1972) is an American voice actor. He is well known for his work as the voice of Blooregard Q. Kazoo (or "Bloo" for short) in the 2004 Cartoon Network animated series ''Foster's Home for Imaginary Friends*. 

## Filmography
**The Lego Movie* ... Han Solo 
**G.I. Joe: Renegades* .... Heavy Duty
**The Avengers: Earth's Mightiest Heroes'' .... General 'Thunderbolt' Ross, Cop
**Adventure Time* .... Frog / Lenny / Ripped Lumpy / Mr. Candy Cane
**Legion of Super Heroes* .... Karate Kid / Nemesis Kid
**Bambi II* .... Friend Owl
*''Cars Toons: Mater's Tall Tales* / *Tokyo Mater* .... Lightning McQueen (seasons 1-3)
**Foster's Home for Imaginary Friends* .... Blooregard Q. Kazoo (Bloo)
**The Grim Adventures of Billy and Mandy* .... Various
**Codename: Kids Next Door* .... Numbuh 1-Love
**Histeria!* .... Chipper the Crooked Mouthed Boy
**MAD* .... Indiana Jones, Jon Arbuckle, Han Solo, Various
**Robot Chicken* .... Indiana Jones / Han Solo / Various

## Video games
* *Avatar: The Game'' ... Dalton / Na'vi / RDA
* *Batman: Arkham Asylum* .... Dr. Stephen Kellerman
* *Captain America: Super Soldier* .... Johann Schmidt aka Red Skull
* *Cars 2 (video game)*....Lightning McQueen
* *Cars Mater-National Championship* .... Lightning McQueen
* *Cars Race-O-Rama* .... Lightning McQueen
* *Cartoon Network: Punch Time Explosion* ... Bloo, Samurai Jack, Captain Planet
* *Cartoon Network Universe: FusionFall* .... Bloo
* *Dawn of War II – Retribution .... Commisar, Heretics, Plague Marines, Grot Announcer, Orkz, Ronan
* *Destroy All Humans!* .... Additional Voices
* *Dirge of Cerberus: Final Fantasy VII* .... Incidental Characters
* *Dissidia Final Fantasy* .... Judge Gabranth
* *Dissidia 012 Final Fantasy* .... Judge Gabranth
* *God of War (Video Game) .... Boat Captain
* *Final Fantasy XII* .... Basch fon Ronsenburg
* *Kingdom Hearts 358/2 Days* .... Marluxia
* *Kingdom Hearts Re:Chain of Memories* .... Marluxia
* *Lost Odyssey* .... Kaim Argonar
* *Lost Planet 2* .... Various Voices
* *Madagascar - The Video Game* .... King Julien XIII
* *Marvel: Ultimate Alliance 2* .... Steven Hudak/Scorcher
* *Mass Effect 2* .... Additional Voices
* *Mercenaries 2: World in Flames* .... Universal Petroleum
* *Monster House* .... Reginald "Skull" Sjulinskii
* *Nicktoons MLB* .... Danny Phantom
* *Prototype* .... Additional Voices
* ''Tony Hawk's Downhill Jam* .... Budd
* *Undead Knights* .... Romulus Blood
* *X-Men: Destiny* .... Cameron Hodge
* *X-Men Legends II: Rise of Apocalypse* .... Grizzly
* *Terminator 3: The Redemption'' .... John Connor

## References
## Other websites
*
Astara District

**Astara** is a raion in southeastern Azerbaijan.  It was formed in 1930. There are 95,300 people.  Astarachay and Tangarud rivers are in the raion. A part of the Hirkan National Park is in Astara raion.
Astara is a major source for Azerbaijan's fishing industry.

## References
José Luís Peixoto

**José Luís Peixoto** (born 4 September 1974, in Galveias, Portalegre, Portugal), is a Portuguese writer.
His novels that are in English are *Blank Gaze* (UK title)/*The Implacable Order of Things* (US title) and *The Piano Cemetery*.

His works have been published in France, Italy, Greece, Bulgaria, Turkey, Finland, Holland, Spain (Spanish and Catalan), Czech Republic, Croatia, Belarus, Brazil, United States, United Kingdom, and Hungary. His novels have been translated in a total of 20 languages. 

Peixoto graduated from the Universidade Nova de Lisboa. 

## Published works
### Fiction 
* 2000 - *Morreste-me* (fiction, narrative)
* 2000 - *Nenhum Olhar* (novel)
* 2002 - *Uma Casa na Escuridão* (novel)
* 2003 - *Antidoto* (fiction, narrative)
* 2006 - *Cemitério de Pianos* (novel)
* 2008 - *Cal* (fiction, narrative)
* 2010 - *Livro* (novel)
* 2011 - Abraço (memoir, narrative)

### Poetry 
* 2001 - *A Criança em Ruínas*
* 2002 - *A Casa, a Escuridão*
* 2008 - *Gaveta de Papéis*

### Plays 
* 2005 - *Anathema*
* 2005 - *À Manhã*
* 2007 - "Quando o Inverno Chegar"

### Columns 
* Writes a regular column in the Portuguese cultural newspaper "Jornal de Letras" and in the Portuguese weekly magazine *Visão*.

### Lyrics 
* Wrote lyrics for Da Weasel, Mísia, A Naifa, Joana Amendoeira and Quinta do Bill.

## Literary Prizes 
* Prémio Jovens Criadores, Instituto Português da Juventude in 1997, 1998 and 2000
* Prémio José Saramago, from "Fundação Círculo de Leitores", 2001.
* Prémio de Poesia Daniel Faria, 2008
* Prémio Cálamo Outra Mirada, 2008 (Spain)
* Prémio Libro d'Europa, 2013 (Italy)

## References
Julie Walters

**Dame Julia Mary Walters** DBE (born 22 February 1950) is a British actress, known professionally as **Julie Walters**. She was born at St Chad's Hospital, Edgbaston, Birmingham, which was then the hospital covering Smethwick, Staffordshire. Her movie roles include the title role in *Educating Rita*, June Edwards in *Buster*, Molly Weasley in the *Harry Potter* series and Sandra Wilkinson in *Billy Elliot*. She has also acted on television and on stage, and was a long-time collaborator with Victoria Wood. She trained as a nurse before entering acting.

Walters starred as Mrs. Bird in *Paddington* and *Paddington 2*.

In February 2020, Walters said she was diagnosed and successfully treated for stage-3 bowel cancer in 2019.

## Filmography
## Theatre
*(London debut) Irene Tinsley, *Funny Peculiar*, Mermaid Theatre, then Garrick Theatre, London, 1976
*Vera, *Breezeblock Park*, Mermaid Theatre, then Whitehall Theatre, London, 1977
*Irene Goodnight, *Flaming Bodies*, ICA Theatre, London, 1979
*Rita, *Educating Rita*, Royal Shakespeare Company, London, 1980
**Having a Ball*, Lyric Hammersmith Theatre, London, 1981
* Dotty, *Jumpers*, Royal Exchange Manchester, 1984
**Fool for Love*, Royal National Theatre, London, 1984–85
**Macbeth*, Leicester Haymarket Theatre, 1985
**When I Was a Girl I Used to Scream and Shout*, Whitehall Theatre, 1986
**Frankie and Johnny in the Claire de Lune*, Comedy Theatre, 1989
*Serafina, *The Rose Tattoo*, Playhouse, London, 1991
**All My Sons*, Royal National Theatre, 2000
**Acorn Antiques: The Musical*, 2005
*Also appeared in *The Taming of the Shrew*, produced in Liverpool, England; and in *Jumpers*, Royal Exchange; performed with *Everyman Theatre, Liverpool and Bristol Old Vic.

## Awards
Julie Walters has won 7 BAFTA Awards, (including a special BAFTA that she received at a tribute evening in 2003) a Golden Globe, an Olivier, two International Emmys and has been nominated for two Academy Awards.

## References 
## Other websites 
*
Jalilabad District (Azerbaijan)

**Jalilabad** (Cəlilabad) is a raion of Azerbaijan. The capital is the city of Cəlilabad (also spelled Jalilabad).
Saint-Cénéri-le-Gérei

**Saint-Céneri-le-Gérei** is a commune in north-western France. It is in the Orne department.

## Related pages
*Communes of the Orne department
*Church of Saint-Céneri-le-Gerei
  
## References
## Other websites
* INSEE 
* Les Comptes des Communes, http://alize22.finances.gouv.fr/communes/eneuro/tableau.php?icom=372&dep=061&type=BPS&param=0
* Saint-Céneri-le-Gérei website
Lankaran District

**Lankaran** (Lenkoran, Lənkəran) is a raion of Azerbaijan. The city of Lankaran is in the raion but considered separate.  Archaeological excavations show people lived here since at least the Bronze Age.  Between 1747 and 1813 Lankaran was the main city of the Talysh Khanate.

## Geography
The region has a large area of national parks. Gizil-Agach State Reserve has over 250 kinds of plants, 30 species of fish and more than 220 kinds of birds. Lankaran is also known for *Parrotia persica*, or ironwood. It is naturally grown in the region.  It is found in Hirkan National Park. The Persian leopard (Panthera pardus saxicolor) subspecies of the leopard, lives in the national park as well.

## Districts
* Liman (city)
* Narimanabad
* Garmatuk
* Ashagi Nuvadi
* Hirkan
* Haftoni
* Isti Su
* Balighcilar

## Notable natives
* Samad bey Mehmandarov
* Azi Aslanov
* Allahshukur Pashazadeh, Sheikh ul-Islam and Grand Mufti of the Caucasus
Lankaran

**Lankaran** (also called **Länkäran**, **Lencoran**, and **Lenkoran’**) is a city in Azerbaijan. It is on the coast of the Caspian Sea, near the southern border of Iran. There were 83,300 people living there in 2010. It is next to Lankaran rayon. Lankaran was for a long time the capital of the Talysh Khanate. Lankaran International Airport is the airport for the city. There are sandy beaches near Lankaran.

The old form of the name was "Langarkanan".  In Persian, it means "the place of pulling up the anchor(s)".
## Education
Lankaran State University was started in 1991.
## Sports
* Khazar Lankaran plays football in the Azerbaijan Premier League.
* In 2012, the city hosted the European Masters Weightlifting Championship.

## Notable natives 
* Jahan Talyshinskaya — folk song singer and theatre actress.
* Hazi Aslanov — twice Hero of the Soviet Union.
* Mikhail Pavlov — Hero of Socialist Labor, given by the Soviet Union.
* Pasha Tahmazov — National Hero of Azerbaijan.
* Samedbey Mehmandarov — Russian army general, Minister of Defense of Azerbaijan Democratic Republic.

## References
Masally District

**Masally** (Masallı) is a raion in the south of Azerbaijan.  The Caspian Sea is on the east border. Vilash is the largest river of the district.  The raion was formed in 1930.
Shamkir District

**Shamkir** is a rayon in Azerbaijan. It is in the northwestern part of the country. The rayon was called "Shamkhor" during the Soviet rule. The name changed to Shamkir in 1991. The district was formed in 1930. The capital of Shamkir Rayon is Shamkir city.

## Notable people
* Ahmad Javad, writer, author of National Anthem of Azerbaijan
* Farman Salmanov, famous Azerbaijani and Soviet geologist
* Yaqub Hajıyev, academician
* Fazil Mammadov, Minister of Taxes of Azerbaijan Republic
* Rustam Aliyev, academician and professor
* Zakir Abdullayev, geologist
* Eldar Məsimov, professor and dean at Baku State University
* Vaqif Seyidov, Surgeon General at Leyla Shikhlinskaya Clinic in Baku
* Leyla Bədirbəyli, famous Azerbaijani and Soviet actress
* Teymur Əhmədov, editor-in-chief of "Republic" newspaper
* Gülxar Həsənova, famous Azerbaijani and Soviet actress
* Zülfiqar Abdullayev, statesman and politician
* Davud Hajiyev, rector of Ganja State University
* Mübariz Qurbanlı, deputy chief of Yeni Azerbaijan Party.
* Tajaddin Mehdiyev, former Minister of Defense of Azerbaijan
* Oruj Musayev, held managerial positions at the Ministry of Education of Azerbaijan Republic
* Paşa Qəlbinur, poet and dean of the Azerbaijan State Medical University

## References
Villers-en-Ouche

**Villers-en-Ouche** is a former commune in north-western France. It is in the Orne department. On 1 January 2016, it was merged into the new commune La Ferté-en-Ouche.

## Chateau
In the commune is a large house or mansion, called the Château de Villers-en-Ouche. The château was first built in the late-1400s. It was re-built in 1610 by the family "La Chapelle".  The main building has a Mansard roof, decorated with 5 skylight windows, which replaced a higher roof that was burned in 1741.

The grounds include a French-style garden and a 10-hectare park. In 2009, the chateau was honored with the Emile Garcin-Paris Prize for work on the pigeon house, which was built in the 15th century.

## Related pages
* Communes of the Orne department

## References
## Other websites
* INSEE 
* Les Comptes des Communes 
*Château de Villers-en-Ouche 
*Park of the castle of Villers
Babek District

**Babek** or **Babak** is a raion of Azerbaijan.  It is in the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic.  It surrounds but does not include Nakhchivan City.  It used to be named **Nakhchivan**. The current name is for Babak Khorramdin.  Khorramdin led a 23 year long uprising against the Abbasid Caliphate in Iran.
Julfa District

**Julfa** (Culfa) is a raion of Azerbaijan.  It is in the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic.  Julfa City is the raion's capital.
Tenroku

was a  after *Anna* and before ''Ten'en.*  This period started in March 970 and ended in March 973. The reigning emperors were  and .

## Events of the *Tenroku* era
* **970** (*Tenroku 1, 1st month*):  became Minister of the Left (*sadaijin*); and  became Minister of the Right (*udaijin*) in the Imperial court hierarchy.
* **970** (*Tenroku 1, 5th month*):  died at the age of 71; and the Koretada took his place as chief advisor to the emperor.
* **4 April 972** (*Tenroku 3, 5th day of the 3rd month''): Koretada organized ceremonies which confirmed Emperor En'yū's role as monarch .
* **972** (*Tenroku 3, 11th month*): Koretada died at age 49.

## Related pages 
* Heian period

## References
## Other websites
* National Diet Library, "The Japanese Calendar" -- historical overview plus illustrative images from library's collection
Kangarli District

**Kangarli** or **Kengerli** is the newest raion of Azerbaijan.  It is in the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic. There were 25,379 people in 2004. It was split off from Sharur raion in March 2004. The administrative center of the raion is Givrakh.

On 25 May 2004, President Ilham Aliyev chose Nazim Cafarov as the executive head of the raion.

The name Kangarli was first for a Turkic tribe who founded Kangarli Khanate.  The capital was at Maku in what is now Iran. 

## References
## Other websites
*http://www.azerbaijan.az/_Districts/_districts_e.html
Nakhchivan (city)

**Nakhchivan** () is the capital of the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic of Azerbaijan, located  west of Baku. The city is spread over the foothills of Zangezur chain, on the right bank of the Nakhchivan River at an altitude of almost 1,000 m (3,300&nbsp;ft).

## History
Nakhchivan is an ancient city with a rich history, located in Azerbaijan. It has roots dating back to ancient times, and its strategic position made it a significant cultural and trade center along the Silk Road. Over the centuries, it has been under various empires, including Persian, Ottoman, and Russian control. Today, Nakhchivan stands as a blend of historical heritage and modern influence.

## Universities and colleges
Nakhchivan is one of Azerbaijan's main centres of education.  Universities here are:
*Nakhchivan State University
*Nakhchivan Private University
*Nakhchivan Teachers Institute

## Sports
Football and Futsal are the most popular sports in Nakhchivan. The city's Araz Naxçivan is one of the top futsal clubs in the European futsal arena.  They regularly participate in the UEFA Futsal Cup.

## Notable People
* Heydar Aliyev - Former President of Azerbaijan.
* Fuzuli - Azerbaijani poet and one of the greatest contributors to Azerbaijani literature.
## References
Balakan District

**Balakan District** (, ) is one of the 66 districts of Azerbaijan. It is located in the north of the country and belongs to the Shaki-Zagatala Economic Region. The district borders the district of Zagatala, and the Russian Republic of Dagestan. Its capital and largest city is Balakan. As of 2020, the district had a population of 99,100.

## References
Qabala District

**Qabala** is a raion of Azerbaijan. Its capital is the historic town of Qəbələ. In ancient times the town was the capital of Caucasian Albania.

Qabala has a professional football team called Gabala FC.

## References
Shaki, Azerbaijan

**Shaki** () is a city in northwestern Azerbaijan, surrounded by the district of the same name. It is located on the southern part of the Greater Caucasus mountain range,  from Baku. As of 2020, it has a population of 68,400.

## Geography
Shaki is surrounded by snowy peaks of the Greater Caucasus, which in some places reaches 3000–3600 m. The average annual temperature in Shaki is 12&nbsp;°C.

The mountain forests around the area prevent the city from floods and overheating of the area during summer. During the Soviet rule of Azerbaijan, many ascended to Shaki to bathe in its prestigious mineral springs.

## References
Aghdam District

**Agdam District** () is a raion in southwestern Azerbaijan. Its capital is the city of Agdam, which is currently a ghost town. The western half is controlled by the Nagorno-Karabakh Republic.
Super glue

**Super glue**, or **cyanoacrylate**, is the common name for a group of fast-acting adhesives with industrial, medical and household uses. It normally comes in a small tube, and is often sold as "Super Glue" or "Krazy Glue". It is slightly toxic. 

Cyanoacrylate is an extremely strong glue. However, the glue is not so good at keeping together against shear (sideways pushing). 

There are other versions for medical and veterinary use, created to be non-toxic and less irritating to skin. 

Cyanoacrylate adhesives are sometimes known as **instant glues**.

## Safety
Super glue will stick to human skin instantly.  If this happens, it can be removed with acetone, commonly found in nail polish remover. Medical grade super glue is sometimes used to seal small cuts, scrapes, and mild wounds. Never use in deep or puncture wounds. 

Super glue will burn if it comes in contact with cotton, including cotton clothing, cotton gloves, and cotton swabs. The severity of this reaction can range from a small amount of heat and smoke to starting a fire, depending on the amount of glue and/or cotton involved.
Jabrayil District

**Jabrayil District** () is a raion of Azerbaijan. The region is controlled by the Nagorno-Karabakh Republic. There are 62,100 people. Jabrail raion has productive soils.  Before the war most of the people were in agriculture. Jabrail has its southern borders with Iran. 

## References
Fizuli Rayon

**Fizuli** is a raion of Azerbaijan. It was named after the Turkic poet Fuzûlî.  Its capital is the town of Fizuli. The western half, including capital Fizuli, is controlled by the Nagorno-Karabakh Republic. 

## References
Tartar District

showing Tartar (red and dark green) raion. The dark green is under control of the NKR.]]
**Tartar** (Tərtər) is a raion of Azerbaijan. Most of it is under the control of the Nagorno-Karabakh Republic.

## Other websites
*Tartar website
Khojavend District

**Khojavend District** () is one of the 66 districts of Azerbaijan. It is located in the west of the country and belongs to the Karabakh Economic Region. The district borders the districts of Lachin, Shusha, Khojaly, Agdam, Aghjabadi, Fuzuli, Jabrayil, and Qubadli. Its capital and largest city is Khojavend, however since the city is under Russian peacekeeping control, the current *de facto* capital is the town of Hadrut. As of 2020, the district had a nominal population of 44,100.

## References
Khojaly District

**Khojaly District** () is one of the 66 districts of Azerbaijan. It is located in the west of the country and belongs to the Karabakh Economic Region. The district borders the districts of Kalbajar, Lachin, Shusha, Agdam and Khojavend. Its capital and largest city is Khojaly. As of 2020, the district had a nominal population of 28,800.

The centre of the district, the town of Khojaly, was also the site of the Khojaly Massacre, the largest massacre throughout the whole Nagorno-Karabakh conflict. Following the massacre, most of the district was occupied by Armenian forces. Following the 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war, Azerbaijan recaptured some villages in the district, while most of the district, including its capital, was put under Russian peacekeeping control.

## References 
## Other websites
*Tragedy Massacre in Khojaly 
*Massacre by Armenians Being Reported
Gary Weiss (baseball)

**Gary Lee Weiss** (born December 27, 1955 in Brenham, Texas) is a former shortstop in Major League Baseball.  He played in 22 games for the Los Angeles Dodgers during the 1980 and 1981 seasons.

## Other websites
Gary Weis

**Gary Weis** is a movie and television director.  He was the second creator of short films for Saturday Night Live.

## Selected filmography
**Jimi Hendrix* (1973)
**Saturday Night Live* (1975-1977) (TV)
*''The Beach Boys: It's OK* (1976) (TV)
**Diary of a Young Comic* (1977) (TV)
**The Rutles: All You Need Is Cash* (1978) (TV)
**Steve Martin: A Wild and Crazy Guy* (1978) (TV)
**80 Blocks From Tiffany's* (1979)  
**Wholly Moses!* (1980)
**Young Lust* (1984)
**Action Family* (1986) (TV)
**C.C.P.D.* (1992) (TV) 
**L.A. Law* (1993) (TV)

## Videos
*The Bangles - *Walk Like an Egyptian*/*Walking Down Your Street*
*George Harrison - *Got My Mind Set On You*
*Paul Simon - *Call Me Al''

## References
## Other websites
*
Mónica Spear

**Mónica Spear Mootz** (October 1, 1984 - January 6, 2014), better known as **Mónica Spear**, was a Venezuelan actress. She was "Miss Venezuela" in 2004.

## References
## Other websites 
*
Ordubad District

**Ordubad District** () is a raion of Azerbaijan.  It is in the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic.  Ordubad is the capital city and the second largest town in Nakhchivan. In addition Ordubad Raion includes 47 villages and settlements. 

The historic name is **Goghtan**.  This is a Turkic way of saying the Armenian word Vortvat.  This means "*the wormy place*".  The banks of the Araxes river has many worms.  These worms were used to make inks for printing.
Meagan Good

**Meagan Good** (born August 8, 1981 in Los Angeles) is an American movie actress, model and director. She has performed in many commercials, radio and television programs.

## References
Taihō (era)

was a  after a late 7th century interruption in the sequence of nengō after Shuchō and before *Keiun.*  This period started in March 701 and ended in May 704.  The reigning emperor was .

## History
The system of *nengō*  the Chinese system of eras (*nianhao*).  The use of *nengō* marked a new phase in the history of the Imperial court.  It became an example of growth in political power.

Taihō was adopted to mark the discovery of gold in Tsushima.

### Timeline
The system of Japanese era names was not the same as Imperial reign dates.

## Events of the *Taihō* era
* **701** (*Taihō 1*): Plans for mission to the Tang court was approved.
* **702** (*Taihō 2*): The  or *Taihōryō* reorganized Japan's government.  It completed the Taika Reforms.
* **701** (*Taihō 2*): A mission to the Tang court was led by .  The diplomats travelled by ship.

## Related pages
* Asuka period

## References
## Other websites 
* National Diet Library, "The Japanese Calendar" -- historical overview plus illustrative images from library's collection
Jennifer Jones

**Jennifer Jones** (born Phylis Lee Isley, March 2, 1919 – December 17, 2009) 

Jones won an Academy Award and a Golden Globe Award for her role as Bernadette Soubirous in *The Song of Bernadette*. She was also nominated for Academy Awards for her roles in: *Since You Went Away*, *Love Letters*, *Duel in the Sun* and *Love Is a Many-Splendored Thing*. 

Jones married actor Robert Walker (1918–1951) in 1939. They had two sons, actor Robert Walker, Jr. (1940&ndash;2019) and Michael Walker (1941–2007). The couple divorced in 1945. She was married to movie producer David O. Selznick (1902–1965) from 1949 until his death. The couple had a daughter, Mary Jennifer Selznick (1954–1976). Jones was married to businessman Norton Simon (1907&ndash;1993) from 1971 until his death.

She died in Malibu, California on December 17, 2009 at the age of 90.

## References 
## Other websites 
*
Flag of the Bahamas

The **flag of the Bahamas** started to be used on July 10, 1973.  The black triangle on the left is for the unity and determination of the people of the Bahamas. The triangle points toward three equal-width stripes.  The stripes are for areas of natural resource.  The two aquamarine stripes at the top and bottom are for the sea. The gold stripe is for the land. 

## References
Keiun

, also known as **Kyōun**, was a  following *Taihō* and preceding *Wadō.* The period startedin May 704 and ended in January 708. The reigning emperors were  and . 

## Events of the *Keiun* era
* **697** (*Keiun 4*): In the 11th year of Mommu's , the emperor died, but his son and heir was too young to receive the succession (*senso*). Instead, the mother of the heir became Japan's monarch until her son grew older.
* **18 July 707** (*Keiun 4, 15th day of the 6th month*): Gemmei's role as monarch is confirmed by ceremonies (*sokui*).  She was aged 48.
* **707** (*Keiun 4*): Deposits of copper were found in Musashi Province.  
* **708** (*Keiun 5*): The era name was changed to mark the beginning of the reign of Empress Gemmei; and *Wadō* as the new *nengō* mark the welcome discovery of copper in the Chichibu District of what is now Saitama Prefecture.  The Japanese word for copper is *dō* (銅); and since this was indigenous copper, the *"wa"* (the ancient Chinese term for Japan) could be combined with the *"dō"* (copper) to create a new composite term &mdash; *"wadō"* &mdash; meaning "Japanese copper."

## Related pages
* Asuka period

## References
## Other websites
* National Diet Library, "The Japanese Calendar" -- historical overview plus illustrative images from library's collection
Rebecca De Mornay

**Rebecca De Mornay** (born Rebecca Pearch, August 29, 1959) is an American actress. She was born in Santa Rosa, California to Wally George (1931-2003) and Jane (née Eager). She starred in *Risky Business* and *The Hand That Rocks the Cradle*.

## Personal life 
She lived with Tom Cruise from 1983–1985. She was married to writer Bruce Wagner from 1989 until they divorced in 1990. Mornay was later in a relationship with singer Leonard Cohen in the 1990s. She married sportscaster Patrick O'Neal in 1995. They had two daughters and divorced in 2002.

## References
## Other websites 
*
Coat of arms of the Bahamas

The **Coat of Arms of the Bahamas** is a shield with the national symbols.  

## Description and explanation
The shield has a marlin and flamingo. The crest on top of the helmet is a conch shell.  This is for the varied marine life of the island chain.  The ship is said to be the *Santa María* of Christopher Columbus.  The animals on the shield are the national animals.  The national motto is at the bottom.  

The vibrant colors of the coat of arms are to point to a bright future for the islands.  

The Coat of Arms was approved by Her Majesty, Queen Elizabeth II on 7th December, 1971.
March On, Bahamaland

"**March On, Bahamaland**" is a song.  It is the national anthem of the Bahamas. Timothy Gibson wrote the music and words. This song was adopted as the national anthem in 1973. That was when the country became a separate country from the United Kingdom. Before that, the anthem was "God Save the Queen", retained as the royal anthem.

## Lyrics
:Lift up your head to the rising sun, Bahama Land!
:March on to glory, your bright banners waving high.
:See how the world marks the manner of your bearing!
:Pledge to excel through love and unity.
:Pressing onward, march together
:To a common loftier goal;
:Steady sunward, though the weather
:Hide the wide and treacherous shoal.
:Lift up your head to the rising sun, Bahama Land;
:Till the road you have lead unto your God...
::**March on, Bahamaland!**

## References
Afro-Bahamians

**Afro-Bahamians** or **Bahamians of African descent** are Bahamians whose ancestry is from the continent of Africa.  Most are from West Africa. The first Africans in The Bahamas came from Bermuda.  They were with the Eleutheran Adventurers as freed slaves looking for a new life.

Currently, Afro-Bahamians are the biggest ethnic group in the Bahamas.  They are 85% of the country's people. They have a much higher standard of living than previous generations.

## References and footnotes
Gail O'Grady

'''Gail Ann O'Grady'* (born January 28, 1963 in Detroit, Michigan) is an American television actress. She performed on the series *American Dreams* and *NYPD Blue''.

## References
## Other websites
*
White Bahamians

**European Bahamians** or **Bahamians of European Descent** are Bahamians whose ancestry is from the continent of Europe. Most are from the British Puritans and American Loyalists who arrived in 1649 and 1783. There were lots of White Bahamians in the 18th century, but now they are less than 10% of the Bahamian population.

## References
Monarchy of the Bahamas

, the current King of the Bahamas]]
The Bahamas is a Commonwealth realm.  King Charles III is the reigning monarch since 8 September 2022. He is The Bahama's head of state.

Many of the jobs of the government are done by the Governor-General.
Karmin

**Karmin** is a pop music duo.  The singers are Amy Heidemann and Nick Noonan. They are best known for their covers of Chris Brown's "Look at Me Now" and Nicki Minaj's "Super Bass".  Their original song "Take It Away" was used in promos for the 2011 NBA Finals.

## Discography
### Studio albums 
### EPs
### Singles
## Awards and nominations
## References
## Other websites
*
Nia Long

**Nia Talita "Nia" Long** (October 30, 1970) is an American actress and model. Her movies include *Boyz n the Hood*, *Love Jones*, *In Too Deep*. Her television programs include *The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air*. She was born in Brooklyn, New York.

## References
Paparazzi Project

**Paparazzi** is a do it yourself and open-source micro Unmanned aerial vehicle. Created in 2003, paparazzi is developed in the laboratories of the ''École nationale de l'aviation civile'' (French civil aviation university). Paparazzi system allows to fly one or more micro-UAVs independently, with a GPS or controlled by a Linux ground station.

Paparazzi has acquired a world-renowned in the field of micro-UAVs, for its technical qualities and its the cost, relatively low concerning the components needed to manufacture the system.

## References
## Other websites
* Official wiki
Viviparity

**Vivparous** animals have internal fertilisation and the eggs develop inside the mother. The key idea is that the growing embryo gets its nutrition from a placenta in the mother's womb. It is the standard method for all mammals except monotremes. 

## Ovoviviparity 
Those reptiles which do not lay eggs mostly keep soft-shelled eggs inside their bodies. The embryo exists on the material in the egg. They are **ovoviviparus**, because of the source of nutrition. However, there are some amphibians and a few reptiles which are genuinely viviparous because they get their nutrition direct from the mother.

## In plants 
'', a grass which shows vivipary: the seeds germinate while still attached to the mother plant.]]
**Viviparous plants** produce seeds that germinate before they detach from the parent. In many mangroves, for instance, the seedling germinates and grows under its own energy while still attached to its parent. Then it drops into the water to transport away. 

In some trees, like jackfruit, the seeds can be found already germinated while the fruit goes overripe. This condition is not vivipary because the moist and humid conditions just mimics a wet soil. However, the seeds can germinate under soil too.

## References
Felsic

rock fragment, as seen in a petrographic microscope.  Scale box is in millimeters]]
 from Yosemite National Park]]
]]

The word "**felsic**" is a term used in geology to refer to silicate minerals, magma, and igneous rocks which are enriched in the lighter elements such as silicon, oxygen, aluminium, sodium, and potassium. 

They are usually light in colour and have specific gravities less than 3. The most common felsic rock is granite, but others include quartz, muscovite, orthoclase, and the sodium-rich plagioclase feldspars. In terms of chemistry, felsic rocks are on the other side of the rock spectrum from the mafic rocks.

## Classification of felsic rocks
In order for a rock to be classified as felsic, it generally needs to contain more than 75% felsic minerals; namely quartz, orthoclase and plagioclase. Rocks with greater than 90% felsic minerals can also be called *leucocratic*, meaning 'light-coloured'.

The rock texture thus determines the basic name of a felsic rock. 

   
**Rock Texture****Name of Felsic Rock**
PegmatiticGranite pegmatite
Coarse-grained (phaneritic)Granite
Coarse-grained and porphyriticPorphyritic granite
Fine-grained (aphanitic)Rhyolite
Fine-grained and porphyriticPorphyritic rhyolite
PyroclasticRhyolitic tuff or breccia
VesicularPumice
AmygdaloidalNone
VitreousObsidian or porcellanite

## References
* Le Maitre L.E. (ed) 2002. ''Igneous rocks: a classification and glossary of terms'. 2nd ed, Cambridge University Press.
Feminization of poverty

**Feminization of poverty** means today women are more likely to be poor than men, and the number of poor women is going up. Poverty means not having enough money for basic needs such as food, water, shelter, or toilets. There are several causes for the feminization of poverty.
*Sexism
*Unemployment
*Lone mother households
*Lower income - although in some places it is illegal to pay a woman less than a man for doing the same work, the practice still occurs.
*Social inequality

## References 
* 
* http://www.sarpn.org.za/documents/d0001563/Women_work_UNIFEM.pdf
Nanboku-chō period

The , also known as **Nambokuchō** or the period of Northern and Southern Courts, started in 1333 or 1336 and ended 1392.

## History
.  They were:Northern capital : KyotoSouthern capital : Yoshino.]]
During 60+ years of the 14th century, Kyoto was the seat of an pretender Imperial group known as the Northern Court.  The series of pretender emperors in Kyoto were supported by the Ashikaga shogunate, but some disputed whether they were true monarchs.

During these years, a Southern Court was established in  the Yoshino District of what is today Nara Prefecture.  The series of emperors in Yoshino were rejected by the Ashikaga shoguns and their supporters.

Forces loyal to the two rival courts fought for more than six decades.  This period of rivalry is sometimes identified as the early part of the Muromachi period of the History of Japan.

In 1392, the Southern court stopped fighting; and the Northern Court seemed to have won the long struggle. However, the claims of the Kyoto pretenders were undermined by scholars and historians.  The so-called "emperors" in Kyoto did not have of the essential Imperial regalia until after 1392.  The succession (*senso*) was not passed to them from Emperor Go-Daigo.  The pretenders were not confirmed with valid ceremonies (*sokui*).

In 1911, an Imperial decree confirmed that the only legitimate reigning monarchs of this period were the Southern Court emperors.

## Northern Court pretenders
* Emperor Kōgon, 1331–1333
* Emperor Kōmyō, 1336–1348
* Emperor Sukō, 1348–1351
* Emperor Go-Kōgon, 1352–1371
* Emperor Go-En'yū, 1371–1382
* Emperor Go-Komatsu, 1382–1412
* Emperor Chōkei, 1368–1383
* Emperor Go-Kameyama, 1383–1392

## Related pages
* Northern Court
* Southern Court
* List of Japanese eras
* Muromachi period
* Sengoku period

## References
## Other websites
Holes (movie)

***Holes*** is a 2003 American adventure comedy-drama movie based on novel Holes. It has Shia LaBeouf in the lead role of Stanley Yelnats.  Also in the movie are Sigourney Weaver, Jon Voight, Patricia Arquette, Tim Blake Nelson, Eartha Kitt, Dulé Hill, Rick Fox, and Henry Winkler as Stanley Yelnats III.

The movie was produced by Walden Media and released by Walt Disney Pictures.

*Holes* made $16,300,155 in its opening weekend.  It was #2 at the box office.  Number 1 was *Anger Management*.

## References
## Other websites
*
Perry Christie

The Rt. Hon. **Perry Gladstone Christie**, PC, MP (born 21 August 1943), is a Bahamian politician.  He has been the Prime Minister of the Bahamas from May 2012 to May 2017.  He was also Prime Minister from 2002 to 2007. He is also a former athlete.  He was the leader of the PLP

## References
Area code 242

**Area code 242** is the local telephone area code of the Bahamas.  

When in the Bahamas, a person needs only the seven-digit number to make a call. To call from anywhere within North America (the United States, Canada, etc.), simply dial 1-242 followed by the phone number.

To make calls between different Islands in the Bahamas, the caller must also use 1-242.
Bimini

**Bimini** is the westernmost district of the Bahamas. Bimini is the closest point in the Bahamas to the mainland United States.  It is about 137 miles (209&nbsp;km) west-northwest of Nassau. There are about 1600 people on the chain of islands.  The capital is Alice Town.  South Bimini Airport is on South Bimini island.  The ocean around the islands is said to be one of the world's top big-game fishing spots.

Bimini is home to several unique and threatened species.  The Bimini Boa is the largest of the reptiles on Bimini.  The Bimini Ameiva is a very common, fast moving lizard on the island. The Smalltooth sawfish is one of the rarest fish in the world. The spiny dogfish also can be found on Bimini.

Ernest Hemingway lived on Bimini from 1935 to 1937.

## References
Andros, Bahamas

**Andros Island** is an archipelago in the Bahamas.  It is the largest of the 26 inhabited Bahamian Islands. The land area of Andros has hundreds of small islets and cays connected by mangrove estuaries and tidal swamp lands.  There are three major islands—North Andros, Mangrove Cay, and South Andros. It is 104 miles (167&nbsp;km) long by at its widest 40 miles (64&nbsp;km) wide. 

The Andros Barrier Reef is the world's third longest after Australia's Great Barrier Reef and the Central American Belize Barrier Reef.  The island is home to the world's largest collection of Blue Holes. 

Andros is known in the Bahamas by two nicknames, "The Sleeping Giant" and "The Big Yard."

## References
## Other websites
Prime Minister of the Bahamas

This is a **list of prime ministers of the Bahamas**.

The Prime Minister of the Bahamas is the head of the Government of the Bahamas. He is also the Minister of Finance and the Member of Parliament (MP) for New Providence and North Abaco.

## List of prime ministers of the Bahamas
## Deputy prime ministers 
*Arthur Dion "A.D" Hanna 1967–1984
*Clement T. Maynard 1985–1992
* Orville Turnquest 1992-1995
*Frank Watson 1995–2002
*Cynthia A. Pratt 2002–2007
*Brent Symonette 2007–2012
*Philip Davis 2012–2017
*Peter Turnquest 2017–2020
*Desmond Bannister 2020–2021
*Chester Cooper 2021-present

## References
Bahamian dollar

The **dollar** (sign: **$**; code: **BSD**) has been the currency of The Bahamas since 1966. It is normally abbreviated with the dollar sign *$*.  Sometimes it is abbreviated *B$* to show it is different from other dollars. It is divided into 100 cents.
New Providence

**New Providence** is an island of The Bahamas.  It has the most people of all the islands in the Bahamas.  It has more than 70% of the total people. It also houses the national capital city, Nassau. The island was first under Spanish control following Christopher Columbus' discovery of the New World.  New Providence is the main commercial hub of The Bahamas. It is home to over 400 banks and trust companies. Its hotels and port have more than two thirds of the four million-plus tourists who visit The Bahamas each year. Other settlements on New Providence include Grants Town, Bain Town, Fox Hill, Adelaide, Yamacraw, South Beach, Coral Harbour, Lyford Cay, Paradise Island, Sea Breeze, Centreville, The Grove (South) and The Grove (West Bay), Cable Beach, Delaporte, Gambier and Love Beach.

## References
## Other websites
Socorro, São Paulo

**Socorro** is a town in the state of São Paulo in Brazil. The city is on the "do Peixe" River and in Mantiqueira Mountains. Currently, the city's economy is based on clothing (knitting), ecotourism and adventure sports.

## Other websites
Rose Hill, New South Wales

**Rose Hill, New South Wales** was an Australian colonial settlement. 

## History
Rose Hill was established on the Parramatta River on November 2, 1788.  It was developed by Governor Arthur Phillip and the First Fleet. After Sydney Cove, this was the second settlement in Australia.

The first crop of grain in Australia was grown at Rose Hill.

The area became part of the town of Parramatta.

## Related pages
* John Caesar

## References
George Rose

, 1802]]
**George Rose** (17 June 1744 – 13 January 1818) was a British politician and member of Parliament.

After Sydney Cove, the second settlement in colonial Australia was named Rose Hill in his honour.

## References
## Other websites
*
Necrotizing fasciitis

**Necrotizing fasciitis** also known as the "**flesh-eating disease**", is a rare and life-threatening infection that can happen if a wound gets infected. It needs to be treated in hospital away.

The problem is treated very quickly under antibiotics. In more severe cases the area affected may need major surgery or amputation. Many people with the condition may also have other issues, such as diabetes. The condition is caused by bacteria. 

## Symptoms 
Signs and symptoms of necrotising fasciitis can develop quickly within hours or over a few days.
### At first there may be:
* intense pain or loss of feeling near to a cut or wound. The pain may seem much worse than what would usually be expected from a cut or wound
* swelling of the skin around the affected area
* flu-like symptoms, such as a high temperature, headache and tiredness

### Later symptoms can include: 
* being sick (vomiting) and diarrhoea
* confusion
* black, purple or grey blotches and blisters on the skin. These may be less obvious on black or brown skin

Necrotising fasciitis is very rare. The symptoms are similar to more common skin infections like cellulitis.

## Causes 
Necrotising fasciitis is an infection that can happen after getting a wound. It causes damage to the deep layers of the skin.
The infection may get into the body through:
*cuts and scratches
*burns and scalds
*insect bites
*surgery
*injecting drugs

People with diabetes or a weakened immune system may be more at risk of developing necrotising fasciitis.

## Treatments
It must be treated in hospital as soon as possible.
Treatment will usually include:
*antibiotics
*surgery to remove tissue in the affected area
Even after successful treatment, there may be long-term changes in the bodies appearance and how it can move or be used at the affected part of the body. Sometimes amputation of affected limbs is needed.

There may be a need for further surgery and physiotherapy to help with recovery.

## Related pages
* cellulitis
* gangrene
* necrosis

## References 
*
Arthur Foulkes

**Sir Arthur Alexander Foulkes**, GCMG (born 11 May 1928) served as Governor-General of the Bahamas from 2010 to 2014.

Foulkes was elected to the House of Assembly in 1967.  In 1971 he started the Free National Movement.  He went to the Senate in 1972 and 1977.  He returned to the House of Assembly in 1982. He was appointed a Knight Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George in 2001. He was promoted to Knight Grand Cross in 2010.

## Early life
Arthur Foulkes was born on the island Inagua in Matthew Town on 11 May 1928. His parents were Dr. William A. Foulkes and Mrs. Julie Foulkes née Maisonneuve.

## Diplomatic career
In 1992 Sir Arthur became The Bahamas High Commissioner to the United Kingdom.  He was ambassador to France, Germany, Italy, Belgium and the European Union.  He became the first Bahamas Ambassador to the People's Republic of China and Ambassador to the Republic of Cuba in 1999.

## Family and personal life
Sir Arthur married Joan Eleanor Bullard of Nassau.

## References
*Former Tribune News Editor heads to Government House 
*Sir Arthur Alexander Foulkes Appointed Governor-General Of The Commonwealth of The Bahamas
*Governor-General appointed to Most Distinguished Order of St. Michael and St. George
*
*Governor General's Youth Awards: Our Patron 
*Bahama Islands Info: Sir Arthur Foulkes is new Governor-General
Berry Islands

The **Berry Islands** are a chain of islands and a District of the Bahamas.  The Berry Islands has about thirty islands and over one hundred small islands or cays.  It is often called "The Fish Bowl of the Bahamas." There are about 700 people. Most of the people are on Great Harbour Cay. The islands were settled in 1836 by Governor Colebrook and a group of freed slaves.

The main attraction is big game fishing. Some of the fish that can be found there are billfish, tuna, grouper, tiger fish, yellowtail snapper, wahoo, king mackerel, and many more.  There are also great spots for snorkeling and scuba diving.

## Other websites
Cat Island, Bahamas

**Cat Island** is in the central Bahamas.  It is one of the Districts of the Bahamas. Mount Alvernia is the country's highest point.

The first European settlers were Loyalists who fled the American Revolution.  They arrived in 1783. The island may have been named after Arthur Catt, a pirate,  or the name may be for the one-time large population of feral cats.

Historically, the island gained wealth from cotton plantations.  Now slash and burn farming is the main way of life for Cat Islanders. An economic crop is cascarilla bark.  It is gathered and shipped to Italy.  There it becomes a main ingredient in medicines, scents and Campari.

New Bight Airport and Arthur's Town Airport serve the island.

## Other websites
Mount Alvernia

**Mount Alvernia** (formerly Como Hill) is on Cat Island in the Bahamas.  It is the highest point in the country at  above sea level. The mountain shares its name with a school in Montego Bay, Jamaica.

The name is for La Verna, the hill in Tuscany where St. Francis of Assisi received the Wounds of the Cross.

## Related pages
* The CIA World Factbook

## References