open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Calling Elvis

"**Calling Elvis**" is a 1991 song by British rock band Dire Straits and is the leading single from their sixth studio album *On Every Street*. It went to number 21 in the United Kingdom, number 8 in Germany, Australia and Austria, number 9 in New Zealand, number 2 in Switzerland, Portugal, Norway, Ireland and Belgium, number 1 in Italy and number 4 in the Netherlands and Finland. The song tells the story of Elvis Presley is still alive.

## Track listings
* **7-inch and cassette single**
:A. "Calling Elvis"
:B. "Iron Hand"

* **12-inch and CD single**
#"Calling Elvis"
#"Iron Hand"
#"Millionaire Blues"

* **US 7-inch single and Japanese mini-CD single**
:A. "Calling Elvis" – 6:25
:B. "Millionaire Blues" – 4:23

## References
Heavy Fuel

"**Heavy Fuel**" is a 1991 song by British rock band Dire Straits and is the second single from their sixth studio album *On Every Street*. It went to number 55 in the United Kingdom, number 34 in New Zealand, number 26 in Australia, number 48 in Germany, number 32 in France, number 17 in Canada and number 25 in the Netherlands. The music video features actor Randy Quaid.

## Track listings
#"Heavy Fuel"
#"Planet of New Orleans"
#"Kingdom Come"

## References
Magadhan Empire

The **Magadhan Empire** was an ancient historical power based in Magadha. It was established by Bimbisara of the Haryanka dynasty in . It was ruled by the *Shaishunga dynasty*, *Nanda dynasty*, Maurya dynasty, Shunga dynasty and the *Kanva dynasty*. 

## Military 
### Nanda dynasty 
According to Curtius, Alexander learned that Agrammes had 200,000 infantry; 20,000 cavalry; 3,000 elephants; and 2,000 four-horse chariots. Diodorus gives the number of elephants as 4,000. Plutarch inflates these numbers significantly, except the infantry: according to him, the Nanda force included 200,000 infantry; 80,000 cavalry; 6,000 elephants; and 8,000 chariots. It is possible that the numbers reported to Alexander had been exaggerated by the local Indian population, who had the incentive to mislead the invaders. 

### Maurya dynasty 
According to Megasthenes, the empire wielded a military of 600,000 infantry, 30,000 cavalry, 8,000 chariots and 9,000 war elephants besides followers and attendants.

A vast espionage system collected intelligence for both internal and external security purposes. 

## References
Mohammad Ali Shah Qajar

**Mohammad Ali Shah** was a Shah from the Qajar dynasty (1907-1909). He opposed the constitutional reform and attempted to abolish the Persian constitution by declaring martial law, therefore dissolving the Parliament.

When Mohammad Ali Shah attempted to overthrow the majles with Russian aid, its members forced him to abdicate in favor of Ahmad Shah (r. 1909–1925).

## References
Anastasia Starchenkova

**Anastasia Mikhailovna Starchenkova** (; born 1983, Kaluga) is a Russian film critic and film industry figure. She is a recognized industry expert.

## Biography
She was born on August 31, 1983, into the family of Kaluga guitarist and teacher Mikhail Nikolaevich Starchenkov and .

She studied philology at , but after her first year she moved to Moscow, where she entered the film studies department of , graduating in 2009. From July 2008 to November 2013, she worked at Lenoblkinovideo under the direction of . She also worked for about a year at the . As a translator, she collaborated with the , working, in particular, on the books  (by ) and .

Since July 2014 Executive Director and Director of Film Distribution of the film distribution company , one of the leaders in the film market in Russia and the CIS countries.

## References
## Other websites
* Official website
Mustafa Wahab

**Mustafa Wahab,** (born October 6 2021), is a Pakistani bussinessman politician, who is Member of the National Assembly of Pakistan. Previously, he served as Member of lower house from 2002 to 2023, 1988 to 1993, and 1993 to till 1999 military coup. 

## Political career 
He was elected to National Assembly of Pakistan from 1988 to 2024.

## References
Father complex

In psychology, **father complex**, also called **daddy issues**, is a group of unconscious associations or impulses related to a fatherly figure. These impulses may be either positive (wanting older men) or negative (fearful).

## Freud vs. Jung
Sigmund Freud (and psychoanalysts after him) saw the father complex as an aspect of the Oedipus complex. In contrast, Carl Jung believed that both men and women had a father complex.

## Examples
The concept of father complex is a common theme in popular culture. For instance, Czesław Miłosz wrote of Albert Einstein,

Bob Dylan's choice of his acting name has been linked to the father complex, as a rejection of his actual father and his paternal name. before leaving each one behind again in turn. Meanwhile, English novelist D. H. Lawrence dismissed the idea of the father complex as having been applied to himself, calling it a fool's complex.

## References
Spoons (band)

**Spoons** is a Canadian new wave band, formed in Burlington, Ontario in 1976. They recorded several Canadian chart hits between 1979 and 1986, and in 1980, they were nominated for Most Promising Group of the Year at the Juno Awards. Their most popular songs include "Romantic Traffic", "Nova Heart", "Old Emotions", and "Tell No Lies".
Usool al-Thalatha

**Usool al-Thalatha** is a concise summary of the Three Principles of Islam according to the Qur'an and Sunnah. The book is authored by Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab. These summaries were used by scholars to spread to their students as fundamental principles. Some have suggested that the book has been written at a earlier time.

## References
Iban language

.]]
The **Iban language** () is spoken by the Iban people. The speakers of this language mostly live in Brunei, West Kalimantan (Indonesia) and Sarawak (Malaysia). This language belongs to the Malayic subgroup. The subgroup is a part of a Malayo-Polynesian branch of the Austronesian language family.

## Phonology
### Consonants 
Iban has the following consonant inventory:

### Vowels 
Iban has a six-vowel system, with five cardinal vowels plus schwa:

Vowel sounds are nasalized when preceded by a nasal consonant.

## Writing system 
According to Iban legend, there was an ancestor named Renggi created a writing script on the skin of wood. Unluckily, it was soaked in water and the writing vanished. Unhappy with the tragedy, Renggi ate the script and swallowed it. The script became ingrained in Renggi's brain and blood and also his descendants. Since then, the Ibans became master at memorising oral traditions, just like exactly written in books. Occasionally, the Ibans used personalised symbols as memory aids on their writing boards (*papan turai*). *Papan turai* was used to record ritual poems such as *pengap* and *sabak*.

Iban language had no extant writing system of its own. So, Christian missionaries adopted the Latin alphabet to write the language. *A Sea Dyak Dictionary*, published in 1900, was important in the early development of the Iban as a written language. During the Crown Colony era, the Borneo Literature Bureau also worked on the written form of the Iban language. However, the Dunging script is not widely used.

## References 
## Other website 
* Digitized books about Iban at the SOAS library
* Ator Sambiang Mass Baru: The Holy Eucharist in Iban (1980) Anglican eucharistic liturgy digitized by Richard Mammana
Survivor Series (2015)

**Survivor Series (2015)** was a professional wrestling pay-per-view and livestreaming show made by WWE. It took place on November 22, 2015, at the Philips Arena in Atlanta, Georgia. It was the 28th Survivor Series event held by WWE. The event celebrated The Undertaker's 25th anniversary in WWE. 

Nine matches were performed at the event. In the scheduled main event, Roman Reigns became a world champion for the first time, when he defeated Dean Ambrose in a tournament final to win the vacant WWE World Heavyweight Championship. However, Sheamus cashed in his Money in the Bank contract and defeated Reigns to win the title for a third time (and his fourth world championship overall in WWE). Also, The Brothers of Destruction (The Undertaker and Kane) defeated The Wyatt Family (Bray Wyatt and Luke Harper), and Charlotte defeated Paige to keep her WWE Divas Championship.

## Matches 
### Survivor Series elimination matches 
### WWE World Heavyweight Championship tournament 
## References 
## Other websites 
*
Air Atlanta Icelandic

**Air Atlanta Icelandic** is an airline from Iceland.

## History
The airline was founded on February 10, 1986 by Arngrimur Johannsson and Thora Gudmundsdottir. In 2021, Air Atlanta Icelandic reopened its European subsidiary Air Atlanta Europe, based in Malta, to operate Boeing 777 passenger aircrafts. In 2025, the Icelandic airline integrated its first Boeing 777.

## Fleet
Air Atlanta Icelandic's fleet consists of 9 aircraft as of February 2025:
* 8 Boeing 747-400F
* 1 Boeing 777-200ER

## References
Skate (video game series)

**Skate** (stylized "skate.") is a video game series developed by Electronic Arts. There are 4 games in the series, *Skate*, *Skate It!*, *Skate 2*, and *Skate 3*. There is one upcoming game, named skate. 

## Games 
### Skate (2007) 
*Main Article: Skate (2007 video game)*

### Skate 2 (2009) 
*Main Article: Skate 2*

### Skate 3 (2010) 
*Main Article: Skate 3*

### Skate (2025) 
*Main Article: Skate (2025 video game)*
A23a

**A23a** is an iceberg. As of 2025, it is stuck to the ocean floor, off South Georgia Island.

The iceberg is no longer the largest, as of the third quarter of 2025.

## Sources
Shedding

**Shedding** may refer to:

## General
* Woodshedding, repeating a difficult passage until it is done without flaws
* Shedding game, a family of card games where the objective is to get rid of one's hand first

## Cell biology
* Sheddase and Ectodomain shedding
* Viral shedding is the release of virus progeny following successful reproduction during a host-cell infection

## Animal biology
* Natural hair loss in cats and dogs
* Shedding or moulting of body parts
* Desquamation, pathologic or non-pathologic skin shedding

## Geography
* Sheading, a subdivision of the Isle of Man

## Conspiracy theory
* Vaccine shedding an anti-vaccination myth about the release of infective virus following vaccination
Mannophryne orellana

'''Orellana's collared frog'* (*Mannophryne orellana*) is a frog.  It lives in the Cordillera de Mérida and Cordillera Oriental de Colombia in Venezuela. Scientists think it might live in Colombia too.

## Home
This frog is awake during the day and lives near streams in forests on mountains.  It also lives near streams in forests that are growing back, coffee farms, and cocoa farms. Scientists saw the frog between 482 and 1192 meters above sea level.

Scientists saw the frog in one protected park: El Tamá National Park. The frog lives near Tapo-Caparo National Park.

## Young
The male frogs call to the female frogs. Scientists think this frog has young the same way other frogs in *Mannophryne'' do: The female frogs lay eggs on land. After the eggs hatch, the male frogs carry the tadpoles to water.

## Danger
Scientists say this frog is in big danger of dying out, even though it lives in a park.  The government of Venezuela does not always make people follow the law. People change the places where the frog lives to make farms and places to raise animals.  People also take water from streams for farms. Chemicals from farms and dirty water from buildings could also hurt this frog.

## First paper
*

## References
Tails (Sonic the Hedgehog)

**Miles "Tails" Prower** is a character created by Japanese game designer Yasushi Yamaguchi. Part of Sega's Sonic the Hedgehog franchise, he is the first character to consistently appear by Sonic's side in the series, appearing in nearly every mainline and spin-off game since his debut. His role as Sonic's best friend and sidekick is the same as Luigi from the Mario series. The name "Miles Prower" is a pun on "miles per hour", a reference to the famed speed of Sonic the Hedgehog. Prower is a two-tailed anthropomorphic fox cub, hence the nickname. Tails was inspired by a kitsune, a creature from Japanese folklore that could over time grow multiple tails.

Tails made his debut in November 1992 in both the 8-bit Sonic the Hedgehog 2 for the Sega Master System & Game Gear, and the separate but identically-titled 16-bit game Sonic the Hedgehog 2 for the Sega Genesis / Mega Drive.

## Characteristics 
The character of Tails is portrayed as a very sweet-natured, gentle, kind, comforting, and humble fox. As a longtime friend, he admires Sonic and dreams of being just like him. He wants to prove that he can be counted on, and has fought Dr. Eggman and his robots without the aid of Sonic before. He is fond of mint candy. Despite overcoming most of his fears and becoming very bold, Tails remains keraunophobic. Tails is not intended to be a selfish character and instead, is always ready and willing to help others without asking for anything in return.

## Reaction 
Tails has received widely positive reaction. He was awarded "Best New Character" in Electronic Gaming Monthly's 1992 video game awards, stating "Not only is he as cute as Sonic, but he serves a major purpose in the game." IGN editor Lucas M. Thompson listed Tails as one of the Sonic the Hedgehog characters who should be in Super Smash Bros. Brawl, citing his importance in the series and his abilities.

## References
Pitbull discography

This is the discography of Cuban-American rapper Pitbull.

## Albums
### Studio albums
#### Reissues
### Soundtrack albums
### Compilation albums
### Mixtapes
## EPs
## Singles
### As lead artist
### As featured artist
### Promotional singles
## Other charted songs
## Guest appearances
## DVDs 
## Notes
## References
## Other websites
* Official website
* 
* 
*
Cup Noodles

is a brand of instant ramen cups made in 1971, which is produced by a Japanese food company called Nissin Foods. Single servings of this product are stored in foam, plastic, or paper cups and they are prepared by adding boiling water.

## Related pages 
* Pot Noodle

## References 
## Other websites
* Cup Noodles official website (in Japanese)
Quantile

A quantile is a statistical value that divides a data set into equal-sized intervals. It helps in understanding the distribution of data. Common types of quantiles include:

*Quartiles (4 parts) – Q1 (25th percentile), Q2 (median or 50th percentile), Q3 (75th percentile)

*Deciles (10 parts)

*Percentiles (100 parts)

For example, the median (Q2) is the 50th percentile, meaning half the values are below it and half are above.
Greg Heffley

Greg Heffley is a character from the series Diary of a wimpy kid. 

Jeff Kinney struggled to become a newspaper cartoonist before he came up with the idea for Greg in early 1998. In all of his appearances, Greg is presented as a self-righteous narcissist who is obsessed with becoming wealthy and well-known, has little to no moral integrity, and thinks solely of himself.

## References
Maximilian I Joseph

**Maximilian I Joseph** (27 May 1756 — 13 October 1825) was a Duke of Zweibrücken from 1795 to 1799, Prince-elector of Bavaria as **Maximilian IV Joseph** and King of Bavaria from 1806 to 1825. He was a member of a cadet branch of the House of Wittelsbach. He was the father of Ludwig I of Bavaria.

He founded a kingdom which lasted over a century.

## *Early* Life
He was a son of Count Palatine Frederick Michael of Zweibrücken and Countess Palatine Maria Franziska of Sulzbach. He was born in Schwetzingen on 27 May 1756.

After his father died of testicular cancer in 1767, he was left without parental supervision (after her mother was banished after one of her son's father was an **actor**) and was taken care by his uncle Duke Christian IV of Zweibrücken. Christian settled him in the Hôtel des Deux-Ponts. He became Count of Rappoltstein in 1776 or 1778 By the  of the French Revolution, Maximilian exchanged the French for the Austrian service and took part in the opening campaigns of the French Revolutionary Wars.

With the restoration of peace (1815), Maximilian reorganized his administration. He dismissed Montgelas (1817) largely on the insistence of his son, the future Ludwig I.

## Descendants
For descendants: Descendants of Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria

## References
Magnetic Bodies/Maps of Bones

***Magnetic Bodies/Maps of Bones*** is the fifth and final studio album by Maritime. The album was released on October 16, 2015.

## Track listing
## References
Run Baby Run (Garbage song)

"**Run Baby Run**" is a 2005 song by alternative rock band Garbage. It was taken from their fourth studio album *Bleed Like Me*. It was released as a single in Australia and Europe and went to number 47 in Australia and number 97 in Germany.

## Track listing
***Australia CD maxi single**
***European CD maxi single**
# "Run Baby Run" – 3:58
# "Honeybee" – 4:02
# "Never Be Free" – 4:28
# "Badass (October 2003 Ruff Demo)" – 3:15

## References
Knuckles the Echidna

**Knuckles the Echidna** is a character from Sega's *Sonic the Hedgehog* series. He is a red anthropomorphic short-beaked echidna who is Sonic's secondary best friend and former rival. Determined and serious, but sometimes gullible, he fights his enemies using brute force and strength. His role is established as the guardian of the Master Emerald, a large gemstone which controls the series' integral Chaos Emeralds, and is the last living member of his tribe, the Knuckles Clan.

Knuckles debuted as one of the main antagonists in *Sonic the Hedgehog 3* (1994); in *Sonic & Knuckles*, he first became a playable character. In the games' story, Doctor Eggman tricks him into opposing Sonic and Tails.

## Characteristics 
Knuckles is a red anthropomorphic short-beaked echidna, the only living descendant of a well-established clan of echidnas. For many years, his clan guarded a giant gemstone called the Master Emerald, which controls the Chaos Emeralds, objects central to the *Sonic the Hedgehog* game series. As such, Knuckles has spent most of his life atop a floating island called Angel Island, guarding the Master Emerald from harm. He has grown up fairly introverted as a result.

Knuckles has a personality described as cool. However, he sometimes loses his composure and gets in fights with other characters, and he can be shy around girls. His favorite food is grapes, and his relationship with Sonic is ambivalent.

## Reviews and impact 
The character has received positive attention. According to IGN's Levi Buchanan, fans "seemed legitimately happy" with the addition of the character of Knuckles, who was popular enough to get marquee billing in *Sonic & Knuckles*, but Buchanan felt that characters who came after him were going "overboard". IGN's Colin Moriarty singled out the introduction of both Knuckles and Tails as when the series became "iffy" and listed them and all other characters in the series, sans Sonic and Robotnik, as being 2nd most in need to "die" on his top 10 list.

## References
Iranun people

The **Iranun** are an Austronesian *ethnic group* native to southwestern Mindanao, Philippines. The Iranum people are closely related to the people of Maranao and Maguindanao — both ethnically and culturally. The languages spoken by the three ethnic groups, *Iranun*, *Maranao* and *Maguindanao*, are  denoted as **Danao languages**. 

## Origin
The Iranun were traditionally sailors and were renowned for their ship-building skills. Iranun communities can also be found in Malaysia.

Marryat - Illanun war-boat.jpg

The origin of the name *"Iranun"* remains contested. The "Iranun" (archaic *"Iranaoan"*) may have been the original endonym of the ancestral group which later split into the Iranun, Maranao, and Maguindanao people. The Iranun and Maranao still speak the language closest to the ancient Proto-Danaw among all of the Danao languages spoken by these groups.

## Regions
The Iranun are native to the southwestern regions of Mindanao, particularly in the provinces of Maguindanao del Norte, Lanao del Norte, Lanao del Sur and Zamboanga del Sur. Iranun have also migrated to the west coast of Sabah, Malaysia (in which they are found in 25 villages around the Kota Belud and Lahad Datu districts); and also in Kota Kinabalu, where they have been assimilated with the Sama-Bajau, owing to their shared naval history and ancestral roots.

## References
FA Vase

The **Football Association Challenge Vase** is an annual football competition. It is run by and named after The Football Association (**The FA**), It is for teams playing in Steps 5 and 6 of the English National League System.

Nearly 600 teams participate in this knockout competition with semi-finals played over two legs. The final is played at Wembley Stadium.

The 2024 winners were Romford, who beat Great Wakering Rovers 3–0 at Wembley Stadium.

## References
## Other websites
*The FA Vase at the FA website
Lake Lanao

**Lake Lanao** (Maranao: *Ranao* or *Ranaw*) is a large **ancient lake** in the province of Lanao del Sur, Philippines. With a surface area of , it is the largest lake in Mindanao, the deepest and second largest lake in the Philippines, and counted as one of the *15 ancient lakes in the world*. Scholars have been pushing for the lake's inclusion in the UNESCO World Heritage List. The lake's native people call themselves the **Maranao** or *Meranaw*, derived from the name of the lake, meaning *"the people living around the lake"*.

## Recent history
In 1965, Lake Lanao was renamed to *Lake Sultan Alonto* by Republic Act No. 4260, — which was later repealed by Republic Act No. 6434 in 1972.

## References
The Amateur (2025 movie)

***The Amateur*** is an upcoming American thriller movie. It is expected to be released on April 11, 2025. 

## Overview
*The Amateur* was directed by James Hawes and produced by Hutch Parker, Dan Wilson, and Joel B. Michaels. It is based on Robert Littell's 1981 novel *The Amateur*.

## Production
Principal photography began in June 2023 in London and finished later in the year.

## Plot
The movie follows a CIA decoder named Charlie Heller who attempts to find the people who committed a terrorist attack in London which also killed his wife.

## Cast
* Rami Malek as Charles "Charlie" Heller, a CIA cryptographer
* Laurence Fishburne as Robert "Hendo" Henderson, Charlie's handler
* Rachel Brosnahan as Sarah Heller, Charlie's wife
* Caitríona Balfe as Inquiline, Charlie's anonymous contact
* Michael Stuhlbarg as Horst Schiller, the criminal responsible for killing Charlie's wife
* Holt McCallany as CIA Special Activities Center (SAC) Director Alex Moore, Charlie's boss
* Julianne Nicholson as CIA Director Samantha O'Brien
* Danny Sapani as Caleb Horowitz, a CIA supervisor
* Jon Bernthal as Jackson O'Brien, a.k.a. The Bear, a CIA operative
* Adrian Martinez as Carlos, Charlie's co-worker

## Other websites
* 

## References
Until Dawn (movie)

***Until Dawn*** is an upcoming American horror movie. It is expected to be released on April 25, 2025. It was directed by David F. Sandberg and stars by Ella Rubin, Michael Cimino, Odessa A'zion, Ji-young Yoo, Belmont Cameli, Maia Mitchell, and Peter Stormare. It is based on the 2015 video game *Until Dawn*.

The movie follows Clover and her friends as they stay at a cabin in the middle of the wilderness and are haunted by a spirit.

Principal photography began on August 5, 2024 in Budapest and finished on October 4.

## Cast 
## References
## Other websites
*
*
List of Classroom of the Elite characters

= Characters & Info =

***Kiyotaka Ayanokoji (Ayonokoji Kiyotaka)***

One of the main characters, Ayanokoji (Nohin Shaji) voiced by Justin Bieber in the English Dub and by Nohin Shaji in the regular dub. This character is inclined on keeping his own "smartness" to himself, he purposely does worse in school knowing he can do better. Ayanokoji (Nohin Shaji) is great at working under pressure and doesn't crack from the pressure of the school, he is in the second grade. Unlike many other anime characters, Ayanokoji isn't affected by girls, he is generally calm and collected. 

***Airi Sakura (Sakura Airi)*** 

**Airi Sakura** (Kyle Snowdon) is one of the heroines of the *You-Zitsu* series. First appeared as a student of Class 1-D in Advanced Nurturing High School, she is also a former gravure idol with the stage name **Shizuku** (雫, *Shizuku*). She is voiced by M.A.O in the Japanese dub and by Hashurya as his name goes currently in the English dub. 

***Yosuke Hirata (Hirata Yosuke)***

Yosuke Hirata (Hashurya Rana) is voiced by Dallas Reid in the english dub and by Hashurya Rana in the Japanese version. He is the top student in Class-D with grades worthy of being higher than class-d but is stuck for reasons that are not explained. He begins suspecting Kiyotaka of his manipulation tactics, which he eventually ends up helping Class-D doing it subtly Unknown to those potentially unaware. 

***Kikyo Kushida** **(Kushida Kikyo)***

Kikyo Kushida (Godswill Eloghosa) voiced by Sarah Wiedenheft in the english dub and Godswill Eloghosa in the japanese version. Kikyo Kushida is an attractive and popular girl in class-D who is seemingly cheerful and nice to people. Under that facade she is cold blooded, detestable and manipulative. She has resentment towards Suzune.

***Koenji Rokusuke*** ***(Rokusuke Koenji)***

Koenji Rokusuke (Syed Shaheer), voiced by Syed Shaheer in the english dub and Nohin Shaji in the Japanese dub comes across as arrogant, self-entitled, and overconfident, no doubt due to his family's wealthy status and pedigree. When he was first introduced, he speaks to Kikyō Kushida with a contemptuous and sarcastic gentleman-like way of speaking while refusing to move from his position even though there was an elderly lady in need of a seat.

***Manabu Horikita** **(Horikita Manabu)***

Manabu (Sultan Babatundei) is a vastly intelligent and serious man who was very dedicated to his duty as student council president. He holds his role in high regard, displayed through his belief that his reputation could be tarnished if it was discovered that Suzune Horikita was in D-Class, the lowest class. He also often enjoys complex social situations. 

## References
Securly

Securly is an American cybersecurity and EdTech company based in San Jose, California and incorporated in Delaware. The company provides internet filters and other monitoring tools for schools. It can be used to monitor student activity and restrict their access on the web.
1,1,1-Trichloroethane

**1,1,1-Trichloroethane**, or **methyl chloroform** is an organic compound with the formula . It is also known as **chlorothene** (a trade name from the 1950s). It is a colourless, heavy liquid that was previously used as a solvent but banned after it was discovered to harm the ozone layer.

Methyl chloroform is a chlorinated derivative of ethane and an isomer of 1,1,2-Trichloroethane (). The 1,1,2-Trichloroethane isomer is less known, so "trichloroethane" often just refers to 1,1,1-Trichloroethane. It should also not be confused with trichloroethylene, another industrial solvent.

It is a liquid at 25 degrees Celsius, at standard atmosphere (a pressure).

## History
1,1,1-Trichloroethane was discovered by the French chemist Henri Victor Regnault. It was used as an experimental anaesthetic in the 1880s, but this practice was dropped because it was hard to produce back then.

## Preparation 
Trichloroethane can be produced in a two-step process from vinyl chloride. Vinyl chloride reacts with hydrogen chloride to make 1,1-dichloroethane (this reaction is called Markovnikov addition). This chemical is then reacted with chlorine gas under ultraviolet light to make 1,1,1-trichloroethane (photochlorination). This reaction is regioselective: it makes mostly 1,1,1-trichloroethane and only small amounts of the 1,1,2-trichloroethane isomer. The selection can be improved with the right catalyst or solvent.

## Uses
Before being banned for its harmful effects on the ozone layer, Trichloroethane was commonly used as a cleaning fluid in both homes and industry. Industrial uses include metal degreasing (cleaning metals from oils and grease), similar to trichloroethylene (TCE). Trichloroethane was introduced to metal cleaning as a less toxic alternative to TCE. One other common use of Trichloroethane was for washing photographic film. Most uses for trichloroethane used carbon tetrachloride previously.

Household uses for trichloroethane included stain removers, correction fluids and aerosols.

## References
Shotgunning

**Shotgunning** is term used for when a person punches a hole in the side of a canned drink and pulls the tab while drinking from the punctured hole. The liquid drains very quickly because of the combination of air and carbonation in the can. Shotgunning is usually done as a party trick or a competition against other people. It is usually always done with a can of beer and makes the person drunk more quickly because the body absorbs alcohol faster than the liver can metabolizes it.

## References
Finger bowl

A **finger bowl** is a small container containing scented water or a few lemon slices in which guests dip their fingers to clean them. It is frequently replaced in the XXI&nbsp;century with individually wrapped, scented disposable wipes. At the table, finger bowls have their place next to the cutlery.

## History 
Throughout the ancient Near East, at banquets, it was customary to eat with three fingers: the thumb, index finger and middle finger. The ritual of hand washing is codified, and slaves bring scented water before meals and finger bowls to perform these ablutions. In Rome, in addition to meals eaten with a spoon (soup), food was picked up with the fingers and brought to the mouth. Servants were there to offer small bowls filled with scented water and a napkin to wipe one's fingers.

In France, finger bowls appeared late and did not yet exist under Napoleon III, although they were already known to the British.

His presence at the table is still prescribed in the 20th and 21st centuries by the etiquette guides, since the nature of the foods offered makes their use necessary: asparagus, seafood for example.

## Related pages 
* Food

## References
28 Years Later

***28 Years Later*** is an post-apocalyptic horror movie. It is expected to be released on 20 June 2025. It was directed by Danny Boyle. He also helped co-produce it with Alex Garland, Andrew Macdonald, Peter Rice, and Bernie Bellew. It is the third movie in the *28 Days Later* trilogy, following the 2002 movie *28 Days Later* and the 2007 movie *28 Weeks Later*. A sequel to *28 Years Later* titled *28 Years Later: The Bone Temple* was shot back-to-back.

## Plot 
In the movie, a group of survivors on a British island try to live their lives while surrounded by people infected with the Rage Virus. A young boy goes out to search for a doctor to try and help his mother who is dying.

## Cast 
## Production 
Principal photography began on 7 May 2024 in Northumberland and finished on 29 July. The film "28 Years Later" premiered on June 19, 2025 at the Tyneside cinema in Newcastle upon Tyne, with director Boyle and local actor Williams in attendance, along with many members of the technical crew, service providers and extras from across the Northumberland region who participated in the filming.

## References 
## Other websites 
*
*
Michael (2026 movie)

***Michael*** is an upcoming American biographical musical drama movie directed by Antoine Fuqua, written by John Logan, and produced by Graham King, John Branca, and John McClain. It follows the life of the American singer Michael Jackson, who is portrayed by his nephew Jaafar Jackson in his movie debut. The ensemble cast also features Nia Long, Laura Harrier, Juliano Krue Valdi, Miles Teller, and Colman Domingo.

It is expected to be released on April 24, 2026.

## Premise 
The movie follows Michael Jackson's life beyond the music, from his time with the Jackson 5 to his early solo career.

## Production 
Principal photography began on January 22, 2024 in Santa Barbara, California and finished on May 30.

## Cast 
## References
## Other websites
*
Mannophryne molinai

The **Sierra de Aroa collared frog** (*Mannophryne molinai*) is a frog.  It lives in the Cordillera de la Costa in Yaracuy, Venezuela. Scientists think it might live in Colombia too.

## Home
Scientists first saw this frog in one place: La Rondona on the southeast side of the Sierra de Aroa, which is in the Cordillera de la Costa. This frog is awake during the day and lives near streams in forests on mountains.  Scientists saw the frog between 143 and 1217 meters above sea level.

Scientists saw the frog in one protected park: Reserva Ecológica Guáquira. The frog also lives near Yurubí National Park and might live inside it.

## Young
The male frogs call to the female frogs. The female frog lays eggs on the dead leaves on the ground. After the eggs hatch, the male frogs carry the tadpoles to water.

## Danger
Scientists say this frog is in big danger of dying out.  People change the places where the frog lives to make farms.  People also take water from streams for farms. Fires can also hurt this frog.

## First paper
*

## References
Roofman (movie)

***Roofman*** is an American crime drama movie. It was released on October 10, 2025. It was directed by Derek Cianfrance and produced by Dylan Sellers, Chris Parker, Jamie Patricof, and Lynette Howell Taylor.

The movie is based on the real life of former United States Army Reserve soldier, Jeffrey Manchester, as he goes on a robbing spree after breaking out of prison and hides from police in the roof of a Toys "R" Us.

Principal photography began on October 24, 2024 in Gastonia, North Carolina and finished on December 12.

## Cast 
## References
## Other websites
*
Anaconda (2025 movie)

***Anaconda*** is a 2025 American action comedy horror movie. It was released on December 25, 2025. It was directed by Tom Gormican and produced by Brad Fuller and Andrew Form. It is a meta-reboot of the 1997 movie of the same name. It is also the seventh installment in the *Anaconda* film series.

It follows a group of friends who decide to shoot a remake of their favourite movie in the jungle and come across a massive anaconda.

## Cast 
Additionally, Jennifer Lopez, who appeared in the original *Anaconda* film, has an uncredited cameo appearance as herself.

## Production
Principal photography began on January 2025 in Australia and finished in late February.

## Release
*Anaconda* had its world premiere in Los Angeles on December 13, 2025. It was released in the United States on December 25, 2025, by Sony Pictures Releasing.

### Home media
The film was released on digital on January 27, 2026, and on DVD on March 17, 2026, by Sony Pictures Home Entertainment.

## References
## Other websites
*
Frankenstein (2025 movie)

***Frankenstein*** is a 2025 American gothic science fiction horror movie. It was directed by Guillermo del Toro. He also wrote and co-produced the movie with Gary Ungar, Scott Stuber, and J. Miles Dale.

The movie is based on the 1818 novel *Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus* by English writer Mary Shelley. The movie is about a scientist, Victor Frankenstein, played by Oscar Isaac. He creates a monster from parts of dead people. The movie also stars Jacob Elordi, Mia Goth, and Christoph Waltz.

Principal photography began on February 12, 2024, in Toronto and finished on September 30. The movie had its world premiere at the 82nd Venice International Film Festival on August 30, 2025. It was released in some theaters on October 17, 2025, and worldwide on Netflix on November 7, 2025. It got good reviews from critics, and many praised Elordi’s performance.

It received nine nominations at the 98th Academy Awards, including Best Picture, Best Adapted Screenplay and Best Supporting Actor (Elordi).

## Cast
* Oscar Isaac as Baron Victor Frankenstein
** Christian Convery as young Victor
* Jacob Elordi as The Creature
* Mia Goth as Lady Elizabeth Harlander / Baroness Claire Frankenstein
* Felix Kammerer as William Frankenstein
* David Bradley as the Blind Man
* Lars Mikkelsen as Captain Anderson
* Charles Dance as Baron Leopold Frankenstein
* Christoph Waltz as Henrich Harlander

* Kyle Gatehouse as the Young Hunter
* Lauren Collins as Alma
* Sofia Galasso as Anna-Maria
* Ralph Ineson as Professor Krempe
* Burn Gorman as an executioner

## References
## Other websites
* 
* 
*
Aromobates

***Aromobates*** is a group of frogs. People call them **skunk frogs** in English. These frogs live in the Andes Mountains in Venezuela and Colombia. At first, scientists only put one species of frog in this group: *Aromobates nocturnus*. Later, they decided that the frogs in *Nephelobates* belonged in this group too.

## Name
The name *Aromobates* comes from the Latin *aroma*, meaning "good smell." The smell of the type species, *Aromobates nocturnus*, is like the smell of a skunk.

## Species
There are 18 species,
* *Aromobates alboguttatus* (Boulenger, 1903) (Possibly Extinct)
* *Aromobates cannatellai* Barrio-Amorós and Santos, 2012
* *Aromobates capurinensis* (Péfaur, 1993)
* *Aromobates duranti* (Péfaur, 1985) (Critically Endangered)
* *Aromobates ericksonae* Barrio-Amorós and Santos, 2012
* *Aromobates haydeeae* (Rivero, 1978) (Possibly Extinct)
* *Aromobates leopardalis* (Rivero, 1978)  (Possibly Extinct)
* *Aromobates mayorgai* (Rivero, 1980) (Endangered)
* *Aromobates meridensis* (Dole and Durant, 1972) (Critically Endangered)
* *Aromobates molinarii* (La Marca, 1985) (Critically Endangered)
* *Aromobates nocturnus* Myers, Paolillo-O., and Daly, 1991  (Critically Endangered)
* *Aromobates ornatissimus* Barrio-Amorós, Rivero, and Santos, 2011
* *Aromobates orostoma* (Rivero, 1978) (Critically Endangered)
* *Aromobates saltuensis* (Rivero, 1980)  (Endangered)
* *Aromobates serranus* (Péfaur, 1985) (Possibly Extinct)
* *Aromobates tokuko* Rojas-Runjaic, Infante-Rivero, and Barrio-Amorós, 2011 
* *Aromobates walterarpi* La Marca and Otero-López, 2012 
* *Aromobates zippeli* Barrio-Amorós and Santos, 2012

## References
Khushhal Khan

**Khushhal Khan** is a Pakistani actor and model who works in Urdu television. Khan is known for portraying Saim Ibrahim in *Muhabbat Gumshuda Meri*, Faraz in *Mushkil* and Shahmir Adam in *Duniyapur*. He is the recipient of a Hum Award.

## Filmography
### Films 
### Television series
### Telefilm 
### Web series
## Awards and nominations 
## References
Lake Louise, Alberta

**Lake Louise** is a hamlet in Banff National Park. It was named after Princess Louise, Duchess of Argyll. It is located in the Alberta Rockies on the Bow River,  northeast of the lake that has the same name. The hamlet was used to settled in 1884 as an outpost for the Canadian Pacific Railway. Lake Louise is about  above sea level, making it Canada's highest place. The nearby lake, surrounded by mountains, is one of the most famous mountain views in the world.

## Related pages
*Lake Louise (Alberta)
HTC One X

**HTC One X** is Android smartphone developed by HTC. It was announced on February 26, 2012. It runs Android 4.0 Ice Cream Sandwich. 4.7 inch Super IPS LCD2 312ppi display, 1800mAh battery capacity, 1GB RAM, 8MP back camera and 1.3MP front camera.

## Reviews 
Wired reviewing HTC One X, it is faster, beautiful and lighter, It has a very good battery lasts long time, The camera also very good.

TechRadar reviewing HTC One X, It is very good screen, very beautiful design, faster processer and very good camera. HTC One X gets bad reviews like not very good battery, no MicroSD card and video blurry.

## Software 
]]
HTC One X runs Android 4.0 Ice cream sandwich for first launch, they can upgrade other version like Android 4.1.1 jelly bean when came out.

## Related pages 
*HTC Evo 4G LTE

## References
Field, British Columbia

**Field, British Columbia** is an unincorporated town with about 169 people located in the Kicking Horse River valley of British Columbia,
Canada in Yoho National Park. It is about  in elevation. It is around  west of Lake Louise on the Trans-Canada Highway, which is the only road to the town. It is named after Cyrus West Field of Transatlantic telegraph cable fame, who explored the area in 1884.

## References
World Boxing Council

The **World Boxing Council** (**WBC**) is one of the most important organizations in professional boxing. It is responsible for overseeing boxing matches, giving out world titles, and making rules for the sport. The WBC works with other boxing groups to make sure boxing is fair and safe for fighters.

## History 
The WBC was created in 1963 by boxing leaders from 11 countries. They met in Mexico City to create the organization. The goal was to make boxing more organized and safer. Over time, the WBC grew to include boxing organizations from 161 countries.

José Sulaimán became president of the WBC in 1975 and worked to improve the sport until his death in 2014. His son, Mauricio Sulaimán, is now the president of the WBC.

## WBC Championships 
The WBC awards special green belts to boxing champions. These belts are one of the most recognized symbols in boxing. The WBC organizes world championship fights and helps keep the sport fair by following rules that all boxers must follow.

The WBC also has different regional belts for areas like North America and Europe. This way, boxers can become champions in their regions and work toward becoming a world champion.

## Affiliated organizations 
* Oriental and Pacific Boxing Federation (OPBF)
* North American Boxing Federation (NABF)
* European Boxing Union (EBU)
* Asian Boxing Council (ABCO)
* African Boxing Union (ABU)
* WBC Middle East Boxing Council (WBC MEBC)
* United States National Boxing Council (USNBC)
* Caribbean Boxing Federation (CABOFE)
* Central American Boxing Federation (FECARBOX)
* CIS and Slovenian Boxing Bureau (CISBB)
* South American Continental Boxing Federation (FECONSUR)
* Hispanic World Boxing Association (ABMH)
* World Boxing Council Muaythai (WBC Muaythai)
* World Boxing Council Ukraine (WBC Ukraine)

## References
Victorino Mapa High School

**Victorino Mapa High School**, commonly known as *Mapa High School*, situated in San Miguel, Manila, Philippines, is one of the oldest public high schools in the city, that opened its first classrooms in June 1923, managed by American principals.

## History
In 1921, the Manila city government mandated secondary schools in each of its four districts: Manila **North** High School, Manila **South** High School, Manila **East** High School, and Manila **West** High School. In June 1930, the four schools in each quadrant were renamed after jurists; *Cayetano Arellano* (North), *Manuel Araullo* (South), *Victorino Mapa* (East), and *Florentino Torres* (West).

In 1951, **Victorino Mapa High School** had its first Filipino principal, Indalecio Madamba, who organized its *Parent-Teacher Association* (PTA), after which Madamba retired in May 1956. Since its founding, the high school had reached record academic populations of up to 11,481 students and faculty numbering 488.

## References
Sergio Pablos

**Sergio Pablos** is a Spanish cartoonist and Animator. Pablos was born in Madrid in 1970. In 1988, he went to Art School in California. After graduating in 1992, he got a job working for Hanna-Barbera. He drew blue gemstones for the movie Once Upon a Forest. He then moved to Paris and drew for an episode of a French television cartoon. Pablos then got a job working for one of Disney Television Animation’s studios in France. Pablos drew Paris for A Goofy Movie and also drew some characters. Pablos then worked on the Mickey Mouse cartoon Runaway Brain. He then started working for Walt Disney Animation Studios in Burbank, California. Pablos worked on drawing Claude Frollo for The Hunchback of Notre Dame and  Hades in Hercules. Then Disney put him in charge of drawing Tantor the Elephant in Tarzan and Dr. Delbert Doppler in Treasure Planet. 

## Work for Pixar, DreamWorks and DisneyToons
Pablos worked on Toy Story for Pixar and then helped DreamWorks Animation with its movies Antz and The Prince of Egypt. He also worked for DisneYToons Studios on sequels to Tarzan and to The Fox and the Hound. After helping make the movie Stuart Little 3:Call of the Wild and an Asterix movie, Pablos went back to Pixar and worked on Cars. He also worked on Cars’ spin-off movie Planes and its sequel Planes:Fire and Rescue. 

## SPA Studios 
Pablos went back to Spain and started his own studio called SPA which worked on the movie Nocturna and a short horror movie called Alma. He also had the idea to make a movie about a supervillain who wants to take over the world because “it's in his nature to be bad” and call it Evil Me. 

## Despicable Me 
Pablos drew the main character in Evil Me to look like a Vampire. He also drew him popping kid’s balloons, freezing people so he wouldn't have to stay in line for coffee and stealing things. Pablos named the villain Groo because the name sounded evil. Pablos wanted there to be characters who were as nice as Groo was mean, so he drew three Girl Scouts. Pablos thought it would be funny if Groo had to be a father to the three girls so he drew Groo adopting the girls and having no idea how to be a parent. Pablos wrote a story about Groo adopting the girls so that he could use them for his evil plan but then starting to love them and becoming nicer. 

Pablos then went to Chris Meledandri and convinced him to make Evil Me a movie. So Meledandri made it into a movie called Despicable Me.  

## References 
Despicable Me Origin SPA Studios
Treat Me Right (Pat Benatar song)

"**Treat Me Right**" is a 1980 song by Pat Benatar and is the third and final single from her second studio album *Crimes of Passion*. It went to number 18 in the United States and number 12 in Canada. It was used in the 1982 movie *An Officer and a Gentleman*.

## References
I Never Cry

"**I Never Cry**" is a 1976 song by Alice Cooper and was taken from his studio album *Alice Cooper Goes to Hell*. It went to number 12 in the United States, number 5 in Canada and number 23 in Australia. It was covered by Poison in 2007.

## References
Princess Auto

**Princess Auto Ltd.** is a Canadian chain of hardware stores. They are headquartered in Winnipeg, Manitoba. They sell products such as parts for vehicles, tools, and other hardware items.

The company was first created in 1933 by Harvey Tallman as Princess Auto Wrecking (PAW). He opened his first store on Princess Street in Winnipeg. After beginning to grow the company and relocating, Tallman changed the name to Princess Auto and Machinery (PAM), and then finally to Princess Auto Ltd (PAL). The first retail Princess Auto store opened in Edmonton, Alberta in 1977. During its early years, the store sold car parts, farm supplies and war surplus. The company is currently owned by Matthew and Marc Tallman, the grandchildren of Harvey and sons of former CEO Bob Tallman. Tallman died on February 26, 2023. Princess Auto has 57 stores across Canada and at least one store in every province.

On January 23, 2024, it was announced that Princess Auto purchased the naming rights to rename the Winnipeg Blue Bombers stadium to Princess Auto Stadium for 10 years.

## References 
## Other website
*
Young Love (Janet Jackson song)

"**Young Love**" is a 1982 debut single by Janet Jackson and is the leading single from her debut studio album *Janet Jackson*. It went to number 64 in the United States and number 16 in New Zealand.

## Official versions
* Album Version - 4:58 
* Seven Inch Version° - 3:41
* 12" Dance Mix^ - 5:07

°Unavailable on CD

^The 12" Dance Mix was first released in 1995 on the Limited Edition Bonus Disc of *Design of a Decade: 1986–1996*

## References
Sultans of Swing

"**Sultans of Swing**" is a 1978 debut single by British rock band Dire Straits and is the leading single from their debut studio album *Dire Straits*. It went to the top 5 in the United States, South Africa and Canada, top 10 in the United Kingdom, Ireland and Australia, number 20 in Germany, number 12 in New Zealand and number 11 in the Netherlands.

## References
Air Littoral Flight 1919

**Air Littoral Flight 1919** was a scheduled commercial flight from Brussels, Belgium to Bordeaux, France. The aircraft used was a 1 year old Embraer EMB 120 Brasilia. On December 21, 1987 the plane crashed while descending to Bordeaux. All 16 people on board died.