open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Dinara Safina

**Dinara Mikhailovna Safina** (), born April 27, 1986) is a Russian professional tennis player of Tatar ethnicity. She was born in Moscow, Russia. She is the younger sister of former world number one men's player, Marat Safin.

She was coached by Glen Schaap, former trainer of Nadia Petrova. Her new coach is Željko Krajan. Her mother, Rauza Islanova used to be her trainer when she was younger and still gives advice to Dinara. Dinara Safina's father is director of the Spartak tennis club in Moscow. She has won one Grand Slam title, the  women's double title at the 2007 U.S. Open with her partner Nathalie Dechy. She also reached the final of the French Open in 2008, losing to current World No. 1 Ana Ivanović.

## References
Time trial

, 2004]]
In many racing sports an athlete will  (take part) in a **time trial**.  This is when the athlete races over a course as fast as he can. In cross country skiing and biathlon competitions, a skier will start every 30 to 60 seconds. These are called interval starts. In cycling a time trial (TT) can be a single track race, or an individual time trial on the road.  Time trials are often a part of a stage race, for example the Tour de France.

In a team time trial in cycling, a team of riders will race together.  A group can ride faster than just one rider because riders following the leader are sheltered from the wind.  

In rowing, time trial races, where the boats start every 10 to 20 seconds, are usually called "head races".

## Other websites 
*Southern California Time Trial Racing 
*List of cycling World Time Trial Champions
Apollo 13

**Apollo 13** was the seventh mission of NASA's Project Apollo. It was the third lunar-lander mission with a crew. Jim Lovell commanded Apollo 13. The other astronauts were Jack Swigert and Fred Haise.

The craft launched successfully toward the Moon, but two days after launch a faulty oxygen tank exploded. It damaged the Service Module. It lost oxygen and electrical power. There was a very large chance that the astronauts would die before they could return to Earth. They were very short on oxygen. Oxygen is not just used to breathe; on the Apollo spacecraft it was used in a device called a Fuel cell to generate electricity. So they saved their remaining air by turning off almost all their electrical equipment, for example heaters. It became very cold in the spacecraft.

The astronauts also had to move into the Apollo Lunar Module to survive and use it as lifeboat.

When they approached the Earth they were not sure that their parachutes, needed to slow the Command Module down, would work. The parachutes were thrown out by small explosive charges that were fired by batteries. The cold could have made the batteries fail, so the parachutes would not work and the Command Module would hit the ocean so fast that all aboard would be killed.

## The flight 
Apollo 13 launched on April 11, 1970 at 19:13 UTC from Cape Canaveral and went into temporary low Earth orbit. Two hours later they fired the rocket motor again to go towards the Moon. They wanted to land at Fra Mauro. Despite the hardships, the crew made it back to Earth. Though the crew did not land on the Moon, the flight became very well known.

Some people thought it was a failure because they did not land on the Moon. However, others thought it was possibly the National Aeronautics and Space Administrations' (NASA's) *greatest* accomplishment in returning three men in a very damaged spacecraft back to Earth safely.

Coming up to re-entry, it was thought that the electrical equipment would short circuit because the water in the astronauts' breath had turned back into a liquid all over the computers. However, the electronics were fine.

Books were written about the event, for example one by Jim Lovell, the commander of the mission. A movie was also made about it, directed by Ron Howard and starring Tom Hanks.

## Related pages 
* Apollo program
* NASA
## References 
## Other websites
Markhor

The **markhor** (*Capra falconeri*) is a large goat. It is found in woodland in Central Asia, Karakoram and the Western Himalayas, this is the **National Animal of Pakistan**. 

Markhor are 65 to 115 centimetres tall at the shoulder.  They usually weigh from 40 to 110 kilograms. Females are a tan colour with a white underbelly and a pattern of black and white on the legs. Males are a lighter tan colour with the same white underbelly and pattern on the legs.  Males also have a black face and lots of long white fur on their neck and chest which can grow down to their knees. Both males and females have corkscrew-shaped horns which can grow up to 160&nbsp;cm / 64&nbsp;inches long in males, and up to 25&nbsp;cm / 10&nbsp;inches in females.

Markhor live in places 500 to 3500 metres (1,500 to 11,000 feet) high, where they eat grass, leaves.  Markhor often stand on their back legs to reach the top leaves of trees. Markhor are active (move around more) in the early morning and late afternoon. Females gather in herds (groups) of up to nine animals.  Males usually live alone.

The markhor is the National animal of Pakistan. The word "Markhor" is Persian for "Snake Eater".  They live in Pakistan, Uzbekistan, Afghanistan, Tajikistan and Indian Kashmir Valley. In Pakistan, they live in the Chitral, Ghizar and Hunza regions.  There are fewer markhor left because human beings take livestock to eat grass in the places where the markhor lives.  Other people have killed the markhor for its horns.  As of 2012, the IUCN said there were probably 2,500 markhor left in the wild.

## Subspecies
* Bukharan markhor, *Capra falconeri heptneri*
* Astor markhor, *Capra falconeri falconeri*
* Kabul markhor, *Capra falconeri megaceros*
* Kashmir markhor, *Capra falconeri cashmiriensis*
* Sulaiman markhor, *Capra falconeri jerdoni*

## References
She's So Unusual

'''''She's So Unusual''''' was the first solo album by the American pop singer, songwriter and actress Cyndi Lauper. It was released in 1983. It included the popular single, "Girls Just Want to Have Fun". The album contained four Top 5 singles. The most ever from a single album.
Lichtenstein, Saxony

**Lichtenstein** is a small town in Saxony. It is between Zwickau and Chemnitz. Lichtenstein has the second name "Stadt im grünen" (engl. "town in green"). Lichtenstein has several sights. There are 7 museums, 2 theaters, 1 castle and 7 nature parcs. The most famous museum of Lichtenstein is the "Miniwelt". There are many world sights in small, for example the statue of Liberty. As of December 2011, 12,613 people live there.

Lichtenstein consists of 3 parts the main town, Lichtenstein and the two small villages "Heinrichsort" and "Rödlitz".

Neighbour towns are Bernsdorf, Glauchau, St. Egidien, Mülsen, Hohndorf and Oelsnitz.

## History 
Lichtenstein was founded in 1212. The church of St. Laurentius, one of two churches, was build in 1261. In the 12th century was built the castle of Lichtenstein. The "Schönburgs" live there until 1945.

## Politics 
The council consists of 22 councillors and the mayor.

Wolgang Sedner is the mayor of Lichtenstein, since 1990. He won the last vote in June 2008 in the second ballot.

## Population 
## Famous People 
* Eberhardt del’Antonio, author
* Werner Buschmann, minister of the GDR
* Edith Carstensen, visual artist
* Gottlob Christian Crusius, author
* Martin Goetze, visual artist
* Steve Jenkner, racing motorcyclist
* Wolfgang Mitzinger, minister of the GDR
* Max Wilhelm Müller, politician
* Richard Pietraß, author
* Erich Rauschenbach, visual artist
* Karl Max Schneider (1887-1955), professor and director of the zoo of Leipzig
* Ronny König, soccer player

## References
## Other websites 
* Lichtenstein town page
Otogizōshi

**Otogizōshi** are a group of short stories with pictures, written in Japan, mostly in the period between 1392 and 1573. There are about 350 of these stories. They are about many different things: love, religion, fighting, humor, and other things. The *otogizōshi* were often read to an audience.

## Other websites
*Online edition of the *Otogizōshi* at Kyoto University
Salem, Massachusetts

**Salem** is a city in Essex County, in Massachusetts. It was home of the Salem Witch Trials of 1692.

## References
Deval Patrick

**Deval Laurdine Patrick** (born July 31, 1956) is an American politician. He was elected to be the governor of Massachusetts in 2006. He is the first African-American to be elected governor of that state. He is only the third African-American to be elected a governor of any state in the United States. Patrick ran as a Democrat.

He was born in Chicago, Illinois on 31 July 1956, is a lawyer, and holds two degrees from Harvard University.

On November 11, 2019, *The New York Times* reported that Patrick was thinking of a 2020 presidential candidacy. He announced his candidacy three days later on November 14. He ended his campaign on February 12, 2020 a day after the New Hampshire primary.

## References
## Other websites
*Deval Patrick for All  *official presidential campaign site*
*Deval Patrick for Governor  **official campaign site**
*National Governors Association - Massachusetts Governor Deval Patrick  **biography**
*Transcript of Deval Patrick's acceptance speech *The Boston Globe*, November 8, 2006
Provisional designation in astronomy

A **provisional designation in astronomy** is the naming  of astronomical objects as soon as they are found. The  designation is usually replaced by a  name once a good orbit has been calculated. With asteroids, so many have been found that many will never be named by the people who found them.

## Other websites 
* When did the asteroids become minor planets? 
* New and old-style minor planet designations (Minor Planet Center)
Italian National Institute of Statistics

**Istituto Nazionale di Statistica** is the national statistical institute of Italy. The name translates to 'National Institute of Statistics'. This institute collects information about the country, including counting the people in Italy (the *census*). It is sometimes called *Istat*.

## Other websites 
* Istat and the people of Italy
Harold Rubin

**Harold Rubin** (13 May 1932 &ndash; 1 April 2020) was a South African-born Israeli visual artist and free jazz clarinettist. He was born in Johannesburg. He became a founding member of the 1980s Zaviot jazz quartet, which recorded albums with the label Jazzis Records and performed at festivals and clubs in Israel and Europe until its break-up in 1989.

Rubin died on 1 April 2020, aged 87.

## References
List of WTA number 1 ranked players

The Women's Tennis Association (WTA) world number one ranking is a 52-week system based on the total points won by a female professional tennis player, during a WTA season. The WTA started ranking players on 3 November 1975, and 21 women have achieved the number one status in singles and 32 players in doubles.

Please needs updates. We are in 2019

## Key
## Singles Number 1
### Year-end number 1
*1975:  Chris Evert (1)
*1976:  Chris Evert (2)
*1977:  Chris Evert (3)
*1978:  Martina Navrátilová (1)
*1979:  Martina Navratilova (2)
*1980:  Chris Evert (4)
*1981:  Chris Evert (5)
*1982:  Martina Navratilova (3)
*1983:  Martina Navratilova (4)
*1984:  Martina Navratilova (5)
*1985:  Martina Navratilova (6)
*1986:  Martina Navratilova (7)
*1987:  Steffi Graf (1)
*1988:  Steffi Graf (2)
*1989:  Steffi Graf (3)
*1990:  Steffi Graf (4)
*1991:  Monica Seles (1)
*1992:  Monica Seles (2)
*1993:  Steffi Graf (5)
*1994:  Steffi Graf (6)
*1995:  Steffi Graf (7) /  Monica Seles (4)
*1996:  Steffi Graf (8)
*1997:  Martina Hingis (1)
*1998:  Lindsay Davenport (1)
*1999:  Martina Hingis (2)
*2000:  Martina Hingis (3)
*2001:  Lindsay Davenport (2)
*2002:  Serena Williams (1)
*2003:  Justine Henin (1)
*2004:  Lindsay Davenport (4)
*2005:  Lindsay Davenport (5)
*2006:  Justine Henin (2)
*2007:  Justine Henin (3)
*2008:  Jelena Janković
*2009:  Serena Williams (2)
*2010:  Caroline Wozniacki (1)
*2011:  Caroline Wozniacki (2)
*2012:  Victoria Azarenka
*2013:  Serena Williams (3)
*2014:  Serena Williams (4)

## Sources
;Overall
*
;Exact

## Other websites
* The official Women's Tennis Association website
* The official WTA Tour Facebook page
List of Adventures in Odyssey characters

__NOTOC__
The following is a '*list of the characters from the *Adventures in Odyssey*** radio program.

## Major characters 
* **John Avery Whittaker**, voiced by Hal Smith (1987 - 1994) and Paul Herlinger (1996 - present): the main character, mostly known as just "Whit."
* **Connie Kendall*', voiced by Katie Leigh (1987 - present): the longest-working "Whit's End" employee.
* **Eugene Meltsner**, voiced by Will Ryan (1988 - 2000, 2005 - present).
* **Katrina (Shanks) Meltsner**, the wife of Eugene Meltsner, voiced by Pamela Hayden (1994 - 1998) and Audrey Wasilewski (2005 - present).
* **Bernard Walton**, voiced by Dave Madden (1990 - present): the town's window-washer.
* **Jason Whittaker**, voiced by Townsend Coleman (1994 - present): Whit's son and former NSA agent. He ran Whit's End when Whit was in the Middle East.
* **Chris**, voiced by Chris Anthony (1987 - present), the show's announcer.
* **Jack Allen**, voiced by Alan Young (1994 – 2004, 2008 - present): childhood friend of Whit, former manager of "Whit's End" when Whit was in the Middle East, and now is the owner of the J & J Antique Gallery with his wife Joanne. He is not thought to be inactive, but simply has not been in any shows for a while.
* **Bart Rathbone**, voiced by Walker Edmiston (1987 - 2007), unknown  voice (2008 - present): the schemish manager of the Electric Palace.
* **Rodney Rathbone**, voiced by Steve Burns (1990 – 2006): Bart's son, local bully, and head of the "Bones of Rath."
* **Tom Riley**, voiced by Walker Edmiston (1987 - 2008 when he died): a local farmer and good friend of Whit.

## References 
## Sources 
*AIOHQ.com Character Histories
Monpazier

s]]

**Monpazier** is a city in France. It is in the Dordogne departement, in Aquitaine. In 1999, 516 people lived there. It has been named one of the most beautiful villages in France by the association Les Plus Beaux Villages de France. It was built as a bastide. For some time, Eleanor of Aquitaine and Richard III lived there. 

The city was founded by Edward I of England in 1284. It is of rectangular design, built around a main square. 

The city is about half-way between Bergerac and Sarlat-la-Canéda. Each city is about 45&nbsp;km away. The River Dropt runs through the city.
Barbour County, Alabama

**Barbour County, Alabama** is a county of the U.S. state of Alabama. Its name is in honor of James Barbour, who was Governor of Virginia.  As of 2020 the population was 25,223.  Its county seat is Clayton.

## History 
Barbour County was created on December 18, 1832 from former Creek Indian territory and a portion of Pike County. Its borders were altered in 1866 and 1868. The Election Riot of 1874 occurred near Comer.

### Major Highways 
*  U.S. Highway 82
*  U.S. Highway 431
*  State Route 10
*  State Route 30
*  State Route 51

### Adjacent counties 
* Russell County, Alabama - northeast
* Quitman County, Georgia - east
* Stewart County, Georgia - east
* Clay County, Georgia - southeast
* Henry County, Alabama - south
* Dale County, Alabama - south
* Pike County, Alabama - west
* Bullock County, Alabama - northwest

### National protected area 
* Eufaula National Wildlife Refuge

## Cities and towns 
* Bakerhill
* Blue Springs
* Clayton
* Clio
* Eufaula
* Elamville
* Louisville

## References
Hurricane Erika (2003)

**Hurricane Erika** was a Atlantic hurricane that hit extreme northeastern Mexico near the Texas-Tamaulipas border. It happened on August 16, during the 2003 Atlantic hurricane season. Erika was the eighth tropical cyclone, fifth tropical storm, and third hurricane of the season that year. The storm was created from a non-tropical area of low pressure that was tracked for five days before developing in the eastern Gulf of Mexico on August 14. Under the influence of a high pressure system, Erika moved quickly westward and became stronger under favorable conditions.

## Storm history
A weak surface area of low pressure came apart from a frontal system on August 8. It was moving southwestward during that time. On August 9, it created convection  when it was passing underneath a cold-core upper-level low.  As the system rapidly continued westward, a lot of the convection stayed near the center of the upper-level low, preventing development of a closed surface circulation. On August 13, while located near the northwestern Bahamas, an increase in convection made the upper-level low building downwards to the middle levels of the troposphere, which caused the development of an upper level anticyclone.

On August 14, a closed low-level circulation nearly developed to the east of Key Largo, Florida, but because of the deep convection remaining to the north over the mid-level center, it was weakened. The mid-level storm continued going westward and it moved across Florida.

 image of Erika making landfall on northeastern Mexico.]]
With well-established outflow and low levels of wind shear,

## References
## Other websites 
*Erika's Tropical Cyclone Report
Sweet chestnut

:*The other kind of chestnut is commonly called horse chestnut. It is not related to this tree.*

The **sweet chestnut** (*Castanea sativa*), sometimes called **European chestnut**, **Spanish chestnut** or **Portuguese chestnut** is a kind of tree. 

Originally these trees were native to the Mediterranean parts of Europe and Asia Minor. These trees can grow to sizes between 20 and 35m high. The trees are deciduous, they do not have leaves in winter.

The trees are usually grown for their edible fruit.
James S. Sherman

**James Schoolcraft Sherman** (October 24, 1855 – October 30, 1912) was the 27th vice president of the United States from March 4, 1909 to October 30, 1912. He was a member of the Republican Party and served with U.S. President William Howard Taft.

Before he became vice president, he was a member of the U.S. House of Representatives from New York from 1887 to 1891 and from 1893 to 1909.

Sherman was the seventh and most recent vice president to have died in office.

## Other websites 
* Biography of James S. Sherman
Wilson Allen Wallis

**Wilson Allen Wallis** (November 5, 1912 &ndash; October 12, 1998) was an American economist and statistician best known for serving as president of the University of Rochester.  He studied at the University of Minnesota and finished his studies in 1932. He was a member of the Chi Phi Fraternity.

From 1959 to 1989, he was the economic adviser to the U.S. presidents Dwight Eisenhower, Richard Nixon, Gerald Ford and Ronald Reagan.

## References
## Other websites 
*
March of the Penguins

***March of the Penguins*** is a documentary about Emperor penguins. It won an Academy Award and was directed by Luc Jacquet. It was made in France.

## Related pages
**Penguin Town*

## Other websites
* 
* 
*
Sindhi

**Sindhi** could mean:

*Anything related to Sindh, a province of Pakistan
*Sindhi people, an ethnic group from the province
*Sindhi language, an Indo-Aryan language spoken by the Sindhi people
*Sindhi literature
*Sindhi culture, the culture of the Sindhi people
*Sindhi food
*Sindhi music, regional music of Sindh
Mangrio

**Mangrio** (Sindhi مݣڕیو, ) is A Sindhi Muslim Rajput tribe found in the Sindh, Punjab region of Pakistan and Rajasthan, Gujrat  in India. Mangrio are Suryavanshi Rajputs. The Mangrio are from the Royal family of Jaisalmer, India.

## Geographic distribution 
In Sindh they are found mainly in Shikarpur, Hyderabad, Tharparkar, Sanghar, khipro, Umerkot, Mirpur Khas, Sukkur, Larkana, Raipur, Kandiaro,Karachi, Madeji and Khairpur districts. In Punjab they are mainly found in Rahimyar, Bahawalpur, Bahawalnagar and Muzaffar Garh. 

Mangrio people also live in Balochistan. In India they are found mainly in the Jaisalmer, Barmer, and Bikaner districts.

## Notable Mangrio
Hazrat Abdul Raheem Girhori, a Mangrio man, was a great scholar and Walee of his time.  His tomb is located near the area of Mirpur Khas.

## References
Enlightenment (window manager)

**Enlightenment** (also known simply as **E**), is a free software/open source window manager for the X Window System. It can be used alone or together with a desktop environment such as GNOME or KDE. Enlightenment is sometimes used as a replacement for a full desktop environment.

## History 
The first version of Enlightenment was released by Raster (Carsten Haitzler) on 1996-10-30.

Enlightenment has been under development for 10 years. Its latest stable release is **E17**. It always comes with a warning that it is in permanent "heavy development" and remains "not stable".

## Related pages 
* Eterm - the Enlightened Terminal
* Enlightenment Foundation Libraries
* Elive - an installable LiveCD of Debian GNU/Linux built to showcase Enlightenment (Includes both DR16 & DR17.)
* gOS - an Ubuntu-based distribution available on an installable live CD, working on low-end systems and employing a Mac OS X like look.
* OpenGEU - an Ubuntu-based distribution with E17 supplemented with elements from GNOME and Xfce
* Maryan Linux - an Ubuntu based distribution. Available on an installable live CD, working on low-end systems.
* OzOS - an Ubuntu-based distribution with e17 compiled and maintained directly from CVS source via morlenxus easy_e17.sh script.
* Exalt The Network manager for E17.

## References
## Other websites 
* Official website
* Enlightenment SourceForge.net Project Page
* UEOSC (United Enlightenment Operating Systems Council)
Buddhism in Pakistan

There are no significant Buddhist communities left in Pakistan.

A few Buddhists may still exist in **Pakistani Kashmir ** and a significant community exists in Jammu and Kashmir to the east of the Line of Control. Mostly Ladakhi and ethnically related to Tibetans (plus a few Indo-Aryan Dards), a rough dividing line between Islamic culture and Buddhist culture can be drawn through Mulbekh and Shergol in the Indus valley (to the east of Kargil) and well to the west of Leh, the Nun Kun massif and Rangdum Buddhist monastery at the head of the Suru river valley (a tributary of the Indus) on the Indian Kashmiri side of the line of control.

## Historical significance
, 1st century CE.]]

The region that is today known as Pakistan once had a large Buddhist population, with the majority of people in Gandhara (present day North Western Pakistan and Eastern Afghanistan) being Buddhist. Gandhara was largely Mahayana Buddhist, and was also a stronghold of Vajrayana Buddhism. The Swat Valley, known in antiquity as Uddiyana, was a kingdom tributary to Gandhara. There are many archaeological sites from the Buddhist era in Swat.

The Buddhist sage Padmasambhava is said to have been born in a village near the present day town of Chakdara in Lower Dir District, which was then a part of Uddiyana. Padmasambhava is known as Guru Rinpoche in Tibetan and it is he who introduced Vajrayana Buddhism in Tibet.

Buddhism was also practiced in the Punjab and Sindh regions.

Most Buddhists in Punjab converted to Hinduism from 600 AD onwards. Buddhism was the faith practiced by the majority of the population of Sindh up to the Arab conquest by the Umayyad Caliphate in 710 AD. After the partition of Pakistan and India, the Buddhists fled to India, similar to other faiths like Hindus, Sikhs, and Christians in the Pakistan region.

## Other websites 
* Archaeological sites in Gandhara region 

### Related pages
* https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o-MmDkVQo2k
* https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xhMrdp4AaG0
* https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=915YpSCc7hU

## References
Colleges and universities in Utah

]]
This is a list of colleges and universities in Utah:

## Public
* College of Eastern Utah
* Salt Lake Community College
* Snow College
* Southern Utah University
* University of Utah
* Utah College of Applied Technology
* Utah State University
* Utah Tech University
* Utah Valley University
* Weber State University

## Private
*Brigham Young University
*Eagle Gate College
*LDS Business College
*Provo College
*Stevens-Henager College
*Utah Career College
*Westminster College
*Webster University Utah

## References
*
Rainer Küchl

**Rainer Küchl** is an Austrian musician.  He plays the violin and is a music professor.

He started to play the violin at the age of 11. At the age of 14, he studied music at the University of Music and Performing Arts, Vienna.

He became the concertmaster of the Vienna Philharmonic at the age of 20. In 1973 he founded the Küchl Quartett which is known as the Wiener Musikverein Quartett.

## Other websites 
* Rainer Küchl Official Website
* Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra
* Vienna Musikverein
* Küchl Biography
Colleges and universities in Washington

]]
This is a list of colleges and universities in Washington:

## Public
*Bellevue College
*Bellingham Technical College
*Big Bend Community College
*Cascadia Community College
*Centralia Community College
*Central Washington University
*Clark College
*Clover Park Technical College
*Columbia Basin College
*Community Colleges of Spokane
**Institute for Extended Learning
**Spokane Community College
**Spokane Falls Community College
*Eastern Washington University
*Edmonds Community College
*Everett Community College
*The Evergreen State College
*Green River Community College
*Highline Community College
**Des Moines
**Federal Way
*Lake Washington Technical College
*Lower Columbia College
*Olympic College
*Peninsula College
*Pierce College
**Lakewood
**Puyallup
*Seattle Community College District
**North Seattle
**Seattle Central
**Seattle Vocational Institute
**South Seattle
*Shoreline Community College
*Tacoma Community College
*University of Washington
**Bothell
**Tacoma
*Walla Walla Community College
*Washington State University
**Tri-Cities
**Vancouver
*Western Washington University
*Whatcom Community College

## Private
*Art Institute of Seattle
*Bastyr University
*City University of Seattle
*Cornish College of the Arts
*DigiPen Institute of Technology
*Faith Evangelical Lutheran Seminary
*Gonzaga University
*Heritage University
*Northwest University
*Pacific Lutheran University
*St. Martin's University
*Seattle Pacific University
*Seattle University
**Matteo Ricci College
*School of Visual Concepts
*Trinity Lutheran College
*University of Puget Sound
*Walla Walla University
*Whitman College
*Whitworth University

## References
*
Betta

.]]
***Betta*** is a genus of fish. *Betta splendens* is a common species of this genus. Other species of betta are rarer. 

*Betta* are very brightly coloured and can often be purchased in pet stores. Other species of betta are more rare. Males often show their aggression towards both male and female bettas by flaring at one another.  

Betta are surface breathers and are found in small bodies of water which are full of fallen leaf litter and peat. This gives the betta many places to hide.

## Mating 
Male bettas breathe air from the surface to make a bubble nest to attract a female for mating. To get a female betta to lay her eggs in the nest, a male betta shows his fins and dances around her. 

After that, the male betta continues to annoy and bully the female betta. This shows that the male is stronger than the female, and makes the female betta fish tired. 

A healthy and strong female betta lays eggs several days after a male starts to pursue her. At that time, the male helps the female by pressing on her belly to squeeze out the eggs. It takes several days to lay all of the eggs. Once the female Betta lays her eggs in the nest, the male Betta will fertilize them by releasing his sperm over the eggs.

## Types of betta fish 
There are long-fin and short-fin betta fish. Many types of betta fish have not yet been found, and many people breed bettas to create entirely new breeds. Some are colorful, but others have just one or two colors.

## Diet 
In the wild, betta fish eat brine shrimp, mosquito larvae, small fly larvae, and common water fleas (Dapnia).

As pets, bettas can be fed worms, brine shrimp, or fruit flies. They enjoy some human foods, including chicken, fresh raw seafood, and fruits like mangos, bananas, and melons. 

## Conditions in captivity 
Pet betta fish need 20-cubed tanks for a living. If male bettas are put in the same tank, they will fight until one of them dies. Female bettas can live in the same tank.

## References
Big 12 Conference

against Iowa State University]]
**The Big 12 Conference** is a college athletic conference that is part of the NCAA's Division I. It started when the Big 8 Conference joined together with four colleges from Texas that had been part of the Southwest Conference, and the first games in the Big 12 Conference were played in 1996.

## Members 
### Associate members 
The Big 12 also has 20 "associate members", all of which play one sport in the conference.

### Former members 
Six schools have left the Big 12 since it was formed, but one has since returned to the conference. Missouri would return to the Big 12 in 2021 as a wrestling-only member, and Oklahoma remained a wrestling-only member after otherwise leaving for the Southeastern Conference. Colorado left in 2011 but returned in 2024.

## References
*
OpenDocument

**OpenDocument Format** (**ODF**) is a computer file format for word processors, presentation software and other computer programs. For example, OpenOffice.org and LibreOffice are programs that use ODF to save text, slideshows and spreadsheets. The format was created by Sun Microsystems for their StarOffice office suite.

The content of an ODF file are XML files that are inside a ZIP. By using ZIP compression, the files are much smaller.

The most common filename extensions used for OpenDocument documents are:
* `.odt` and `.fodt` for word processing (text) documents
* `.ods` and `.fods` for spreadsheets
* `.odp` and `.fodp` for presentations
* `.odg` and `.fodg` for graphics
* `.odf` for formula, mathematical equations

## References
Boston College

**Boston College** is a private university in Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts. It is also known for its sports teams.

## References
*
Clemson University

**Clemson University**  is a public university in Clemson, South Carolina. Clemson's athletics teams are called the Tigers.

## References
*
Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University

**Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University** (or **Virginia Tech**) is a public land-grant university in Blacksburg, Virginia. The campus was first opened in 1872 as a farming and mechanical college and covers 2,600 acres. It is also one of only a few public universities in the United States to have a corps of cadets.

The Virginia Tech massacre, which happened on the 16th of April 2007, was a tragedy in the history of the University. A student of the university named Cho Seung-Hui killed 32 people before killing himself. This became the worst school-related massacre in United States history.

## References
*
Pac-12 Conference

playing football against the University of California, Berkeley]]
The **Pac-12 Conference** is a group of universities who play each other in football, basketball, and other sports.  It has won more national championships than any other conference.

The history of the Pac-12 started in 1915 with the founding of the Pacific Coast Conference (PCC) by four schools in West Coast states. By 1928, the membership grew to 10 schools. One of these members left in 1950. In 1959, after years of infighting between members and a series of "pay-for-play" scandals in the 1950s, the PCC disbanded. Four of its members—the University of California, Berkeley (California), the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), the University of Southern California (USC), and the University of Washington—then formed the Athletic Association of Western Universities (AAWU) under a new charter that still functions. Another PCC member, Stanford University, joined a month later. By 1964, three more PCC members, the University of Oregon, Oregon State University, and Washington State University, joined. In 1968, the conference changed its name to the Pacific-8 Conference, abbreviated as Pac-8.

The conference name changed to Pacific-10 Conference (Pac-10) in 1978 when Arizona's two largest universities, the University of Arizona and Arizona State University, joined. In 2011, with the arrival of the University of Colorado Boulder (Colorado) and the University of Utah, the conference name became Pac-12 Conference (not "Pacific").

Despite the PCC and Pac-12 operating under different charters, the Pac-12 includes the PCC in its own history. 

After 10 of the previous 12 members left in 2024, the conference now has only 2 members. Seven new members will join in July 2026.

## Current members 
## Future members 
Gonzaga is the only future member without a football team, having last played the sport in 1941.

## Former members
No school had left the Pac-12 from its founding as the AAWU in 1959 until 2024, when 10 of its 12 schools left. Two members of the PCC, Idaho and Montana, were not invited to join the AAWU or its successors.

## Footnotes 
## References
*
Big East Conference

against Georgetown University]]

The **Big East Conference** is a college sports conference in the United States which sponsors many sports, but does not play football. The league has its roots in the original Big East Conference, which was founded in 1979 as a basketball-focused league by a group of schools in the Eastern U.S. That league added football in 1991, leading to years of conflict between schools that played top-level football and those that did not. In July 2013, the original league split along football lines. The seven schools that did not play FBS (top-level) football—often called the "Catholic 7" because all are run by the Catholic Church—bought the "Big East" name and formed a new Big East. The FBS schools joined with several new members and stayed in the original Big East structure under the new name of American Athletic Conference, now the American Conference (American).

Although the current Big East was not founded until 2013, it claims the 1979 founding date of the original Big East. Both the current Big East and American claim the pre-split history of the old Big East.

## Members 
The 10 schools that formed the current Big East are private schools. All of these are also Catholic except for Butler, which was started by Protestants but has never been run by any church. UConn (Connecticut) became the Big East's first public school in July 2020.

### Associate members
The Big East has six "associate members" that play either one or two sports in the conference.

### Former members 
No full member of the Big East has left for another conference. However, eight associate members have left the Big East in one or more sports, with five entirely leaving the Big East.

Two schools that were associate members in the 2013–14 school year left to join conferences that play the sports that they housed in the Big East. Five women's lacrosse members left after the 2017–18 school year when the American Athletic Conference, full-time home to three of those schools, started a women's lacrosse league. Two of these schools, Temple and UConn, stayed in the Big East in field hockey, and UConn returned to the Big East full-time in July 2020. At the same time, Old Dominion moved its women's lacrosse team from the Big East to the American. This kept both conferences at six women's lacrosse members, the number needed to ensure that their conference champions would receive places in the NCAA Division I tournament. ODU is still a Big East member in field hockey.

## References
*
University of Miami

*This is the university in Florida. For the university in Ohio, see Miami University.*

The **University of Miami** is a private university in Coral Gables, Florida. Some people call the university "Miami of Florida," or "UM."

## References
## Other websites
*University of Miami
Nagios

**Nagios** () is a popular open source computer system and network monitoring application software. It watches hosts and services which the owner specifies, alerting the owner when things go bad and again when they get better.

Nagios, originally created under the name NetSaint , was written and is currently maintained by Ethan Galstad, along with a group of developers actively maintaining both official and unofficial plugins.

Nagios was originally designed to run under Linux, but also runs well on other Unix variants.

Nagios is free software licensed under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as published by the Free Software Foundation.

## References 
## Other websites 
*Official website
*Nagios support forums
*Nagios Company website
Egyptian Arabic

**Egyptian Arabic** (*ʿArabī maṣrī:* عربی مصری), otherwise known as **Coptic Arabic** (*ʿArabī qabṭī:* عربی قبطی), is a group of dialects of the Arabic language, one of the Semitic branch of the Afro-Asiatic language family. 

It came from the people living in the Nile Delta in Lower Egypt around the capital Cairo. It originates from the spoken Arabic brought to Egypt during the AD 7th-century The Islamic conquest of Egypt .

Egyptian Arabic was formed also of the Coptic language of pre-Islamic Egypt, and other languages such as Italian and French. Egyptian Arabic is officially recognized as the national language of the Egyptian government. More than 76 million people in Egypt speak Egyptian Arabic. Also, many people in the Middle East can understand it.

## References
World Series of Poker

The **World Series of Poker** (**WSOP**) is a series of poker tournaments.  The tournaments are held each year in Las Vegas, Since 2004, the tournaments have been sponsored by Caesars Entertainment. The WSOP started in  1970. Benny Binion invited seven of the best-known poker players to the Horseshoe Casino for a single tournament/ The winner was chosen by a secret ballot of the seven players.

As of 2020, there are 101 events in the WSOP. Most major poker variants are included. recently, most of the events have been variants of Texas hold 'em. Events take place during one day or over several days during June and July. Starting in 2008, the Main Event final table was not played until November. The 2012 and 2016 Main Event final tables were played in October because of the United States presidential election. As of May 2017, the World Series of Poker has gone back to the Main Event winner in being played in July. A hybrid online format was used in 2020 because of the COVID-19 pandemic. The World Series of Poker changed back to -person play when it started back on September 30, 2021, in Las Vegas, Nevada.

## References 
## Other websites 
*Official site
Brithenig

**Brithenig** is constructed language that was made up by **Andrew Smith** from New Zealand in 1996. The idea behind it is the question what the Welsh language would have looked like if it had been a Romance instead of a Celtic language: a sister language to French, Spanish and Italian, but one that looks much like Welsh. It plays a key-role in the made-up world of Ill Bethisad, where Latin took the place of Old Celtic as the spoken language of the people in Great Britain, thus giving way to the development of Brithenig.

Brithenig is the best known example of the so-called group of "alternative languages", languages that could have existed if history had been different. Another well-known example is Wenedyk, which does the same with Polish as Brithenig does with Welsh.

## Words 
The following list of 30 words shows what Brithenig looks like compared to a few other Romance languages:

## Sample 
The Lord's Prayer:

## References 
* Higley, Sarah L., M/C Journal  Vol 3 Issue 1.

## Other websites 
* The page of Brithenig 
* The cultures of Ill Bethisad
* Romance glossary (a list of common words in all Romance languages, also Brithenig and Wenedyk)
EastLink (Melbourne)

**EastLink** is a tollway (meaning people have to pay to drive on it) in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. It was opened on June 28, 2008. It links the Frankston Freeway to the Eastern Freeway, and includes two tunnels, the Mullum Mullum tunnel and the Melba tunnel.

The interchange with the Monash Freeway, the largest in Victoria, is known as the Tom Wills interchange. This was announced on February 27, 2008. This particular interchange was chosen because it was within a short distance from Waverely Park, and the home of the Hawthorn Football Club.

Tolls are paid by either a bill sent in the mail, buying a pass from a shop or creating an account and using an electronic Breeze tag or another tollways type of electronic tag in the car to keep track of tolls. The cost of the tolls is charged against the owner's account.

]]

## Exits and intersections 
## References
University of Virginia

The **University of Virginia**  is a public research university in Charlottesville, Virginia, United States. 

The buildings designed by Jefferson are a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

## History
It was founded by Thomas Jefferson. It was conceived by 1800 and established in 1819. 

## Related pages 
*Institute for Advanced Technology in the Humanities, part of the University of Virgina
*List of World Heritage Sites in the United States

## References 
## Other websites
* University of Virginia website
Jules Joseph Lefebvre

**Jules Joseph Lefebvre** (Tournan-en-Brie, 14 March 1836 – Paris, 24 February 1911) was a French figure painter. 

Lefebvre went to the École nationale supérieure des Beaux-Arts in 1852. He was a pupil of Léon Cogniet. He won the prestigious Prix de Rome in 1861. Between 1855 and 1898, he exhibited 72 portraits in the Paris Salon. In 1891, he became a member of the French Académie des Beaux-Arts.

He was a teacher at the Académie Julian in Paris. One of his famous students was the Scottish born landscape painter William Hart. Georges Rochegrosse, Félix Vallotton, the Americans Childe Hassam, John Henry Twachtman, John Noble Barlow, Augustus Kenderdine, and Charles A. Platt were also his pupils. He was a professor at the &#201;cole des Beaux&#45;Arts for a long time.

His paintings are usually single figures of beautiful women.

Among his best portraits were those of M. L. Reynaud and the Prince Imperial (1874). Among his many decorations were a first-class medal at the Paris Exhibition of 1878 and the medal of honor in 1886. He was a Commander of the Legion of Honor and a member of the Institut de France.

## Gallery 

Jules Lefebvre.jpg|Jules Lefebvre in his workshop
Image:La Vérité, par Jules Joseph Lefebvre.jpg|*La Vérité* (*Truth*) is a painting done in 1870. It is in the Musée d'Orsay, Paris today. It is among Lefebvre's best known works.
Image:Japonaise.jpg|*The Japonaise* (1882)
Louisiana State University and A&M College

The **Louisiana State University and A&M College** is a public university in Baton Rouge, Louisiana; it belongs to the Louisiana State University System of higher education as a land-grant and sea-grant institution. Colloquially, most people call the university "Louisiana State University".

## References
*

## Other websites
*Institutions of the Louisiana State University System
Transport for London

**Transport for London** (**TfL**) is an organisation that runs the public transport network in London. It is held with direct responsibility to the mayor of London.

Since the current organisation's creation in 2000 as part of the Greater London Authority (GLA), the organisation has been responsible for operating multiple urban rail networks, including the London Underground and Docklands Light Railway, the London Overground and Elizabeth line services, as well as London's buses, taxis, principal road routes, cycling provision, trams, and river services.

## Numbering of bus routes
### Historic numbering
Historically, bus routes were grouped by the type of service that they provided.

The 1924 London Traffic Act used the Bassom Scheme. It was named after A.E. Bassom of the Metropolitan Police who made it. Changing and short lines used letter suffixes. Also, the numbers were grouped by the company that operated the route.

The numbering was changed in 1934 after London Transport was formed.

### Current classification
**Except 607, which is a normal daytime route*

## References
## Other websites 
* *Transport for London* website
Catcher

**Catcher** is a position in baseball.  The catcher crouches behind the home plate and catches the ball thrown by the pitcher, in addition the catcher is also called upon to master many other skills in order to play the position well, The role of the catcher is similar to that of the wicket-keeper in cricket.

Positioned behind home plate and facing toward the outfield, the catcher can see the whole field, and is therefore the best position to direct a defensive play, The catcher typically calls for pitches using PitchCom, or hand signals. The calls are based on the pitcher's mechanics and strengths, as well as the batter's tendencies and weaknesses. Essentially, the catcher controls what happens during the game when the ball is not "in play". Foul tips, bouncing balls in the dirt, and contact with runners during plays at the plate are all events to be handled by the catcher, necessitating the use of protective equipment. This includes a mask, chest and throat protectors, shin guards, and a heavily padded catcher's mitt. Though rare, some chest protectors may extend lower to provide some shield to the genitalia; wearing a pelvic protector or cup, depending on the case, is preferred and more common.

## Calling the game 
Calling the game refers to the act of catchers deciding the type of pitch to be delivered to home plate. The responsibility for selecting the type of pitch was traditionally made by the catcher. It is not unusual for a catcher to briefly look at the posture and position of the batter-in-turn prior to calling the next pitch; even the way a batter holds the bat may shed some indication of what the strategy may be. The selection of which pitch to use can depend on a wide variety of situations such as the type of hitter that is being faced, whether there are any base runners, how many outs have been made in the inning, or the current score, among others.
University of Pennsylvania

The **University of Pennsylvania** is a private Ivy League university in West Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Known as "Penn" for short, the university contains four undergraduate schools, which are for students without a college degree. These schools are nursing, arts and sciences, engineering, and the Wharton Business School. The University of Pennsylvania has graduate schools, for those with a college degree, in medicine, business, law, dentistry, veterinary medicine, nursing, education, communication, design, and social policy. The school's competitive sports teams are known as the Quakers. 

45th President of the United States Donald Trump graduated from the Wharton Business School with a Bachelor of Science in 1968.

## References
*
*
Kansas Jayhawks

The **Kansas Jayhawks**, commonly referred to as **KU**, are the athletic teams that represent the University of Kansas. KU is one of three schools in the state of Kansas that are in the NCAA Division I. The Jayhawks are also a part of the Big 12 Conference. KU athletic teams have won eleven NCAA Division I championships: three in men's basketball, one in men's cross country, three in men's indoor track and field, three in men's outdoor track and field, and one in women's outdoor track and field.

The name "Jayhawks" comes from the Kansas Jayhawker freedom fighter and anti-slavery movement during the Bleeding Kansas era of the American Civil War.

## Sports
The University of Kansas officially has 16 sports: 6 men's and 8 women's. There are also club-level sports for rugby, ice hockey, and men's volleyball. The school used to have a wrestling team, though the sport was stopped during the 1960s.

### Football
KU began playing football in 1890. The Jayhawks have been to the Orange Bowl in 1948, 1969 and 2008, winning in 2008. The team plays in Memorial Stadium (capacity 50,071). It the seventh oldest college football stadium in the United States. It opened in 1921.

### Softball
The Jayhawks softball team has appeared in seven Women's College World Series, in 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, 1977, 1979 and 1992.

## References
Wilhelm Wundt

**Wilhelm Maximilian Wundt** (August 16 1832– August 31 1920) was a German medical doctor, psychologist, physiologist, and professor. Together with William James, he is  regarded as the father of psychology. In 1879, Wundt founded the one of first formal laboratory for psychological research at the University of Leipzig, and the first journal for psychological research in 1881.

## References