open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Billy Long

**William Hollis Long II** (born August 11, 1955) is an American auctioneer and politician who was the 51st and current Commissioner of Internal Revenue for a few months in 2025. He was the U.S. Representative for Missouri's 7th congressional district from 2011 to 2023. He is a Republican.

In August 2021, Long announced his candidacy for the United States Senate in the 2022 election. He lost the Republican nomination to Eric S. Schmitt in the August primaries.

In December 2024, President-elect Donald Trump nominated Long to serve as the Commissioner of Internal Revenue under his second administration. He was confirmed by the U.S. Senate in June 2025. Two months later, he was removed by President Trump from the role and instead was nominated to be the United States Ambassador to Iceland.

## Early life
Long was born in Springfield, Missouri. He went to University of Missouri in Columbia, Missouri however he dropped out. After taking time off from school for three years, Long went to a nine-day training program at the Missouri Auction School in Kansas City. In 1984, he married Barbara Long. They have two children.

Long owned Billy Long Auctions, LLC. He was also a talk radio show host on the Springfield-based station KWTO. He is a member of the National Association of Realtors. In December 2020, Long supported an amicus brief in support of *Texas v. Pennsylvania*, a lawsuit filed at the United States Supreme Court trying to overturn the results of the election.

In August 2021, Long announced his candidacy for the United States Senate in the 2022 election. He lost the Republican nomination to Eric S. Schmitt in the August primaries. He left congress in 2023.

On December 4, 2024, President-elect Donald Trump nominated Long to be the Commissioner of Internal Revenue under his second administration. He was sworn-in four days later on June 16, 2025.

On August 8, 2025, President Trump removed Long as commissioner of the IRS, less than two months after his confirmation. Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent became acting commissioner. Long later announced that he was nominated to be Ambassador to Iceland by President Trump.

## References
## Other websites
* Congressman Billy Long  official U.S. House site
* Billy Long for Congress 
* 
* 
*
Halloween (2018 movie)

***Halloween*** is a 2018 American slasher horror movie directed by David Gordon Green and written by Green, Jeff Fradley, and Danny McBride. It is the eleventh installment in the *Halloween* franchise. It is a direct sequel to the 1978 movie of the same name.

Jamie Lee Curtis and Nick Castle star as their roles as Laurie Strode and Michael Myers, respectively. The movie also stars Judy Greer, Andi Matichak, Will Patton, Haluk Bilginer, Toby Huss and Virginia Gardner.

It was released on October 19, 2018, a week before the 40th anniversary of John Carpenter's original *Halloween*. The movie received strong positive reviews from critics and fans. A sequel, *Halloween Kills*, was released on October 15, 2021.

## References
Disclosure (band)

**Disclosure** are an English electronic music duo. The duo are brothers Howard (born 11 May 1994) and Guy Lawrence (born 25 May 1991). They grew up in Reigate, Surrey. Their first album, *Settle*, released on 3 June 2013, by PMR Records, was nominated for Best Dance/Electronica Album at the 2014 Grammy Awards. Their second album, *Caracal* (2015) was also nominated for Best Dance/Electronica Album at the 2016 Grammy Awards.

The group had their first UK hit in October 2012 with "Latch". This recording was a collaboration with other musicians, co-written with Jimmy Napes and featuring the vocals from Sam Smith. It reached number 11 in the UK Singles Chart.

In 2013 they were voted into the BBC Radio 1xtra 'Hot Ten For 2013' and had two consecutive top 10 hit singles in "White Noise" (number two) (with AlunaGeorge) and "You & Me" (number 10) (with Eliza Doolittle).

## References
Eunice aphroditois

***Eunice aphroditois***, also known as the **bobbit worm** (or **bobbitt worm**) or **sand striker**, is an ambush predator of the sea floor. It is a polychaete worm dwelling in a burrow on the ocean floor. It buries its long body into the ocean bed of gravel, mud, or corals. It waves a few feelers (antennae) as a kind of lure.

When it feels a stimulus to one of its feelers, it attacks if it senses prey. Armed with sharp pincers, it attacks with such speed and ferocity that its prey is sometimes sliced in half. Usually, it drags the prey down into its burrow, and eats it there.

The procedure is well captured on YouTube, where the worm goes by the name of **bobbit worm**.

## References
Benjamin Civiletti

**Benjamin Richard Civiletti** (July 17, 1935October 16, 2022) was an American lawyer. He served as the 73rd United States Attorney General during the last year and a half of the Carter administration, from 1979 to 1981. He was the first Italian American to serve as Attorney General.

Since 2001, Civiletti is one of the three members of the Independent Review Board, a board that the International Brotherhood of Teamsters union must answer to when allegations of corruption or organized crime.

## References
Oganesson

, the man that the element was named after.]]
**Oganesson** is a synthetic chemical element with symbol **Og** and atomic number 118. Oganesson has the highest atomic number and highest atomic mass of all known elements to date. The radioactive oganesson atom is very unstable, and since 2005, only five (possibly six) atoms of the isotope Oganesson-294 have been created.

## History 
The element Oganesson is named in honor of Yuri Oganessian. It was first created in 2002 at the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR) in Dubna, Russia by a joint team of Russian and American scientists. In December 2015, it was recognized as one of four new elements by the Joint Working Party of the international scientific people at IUPAC and IUPAP. It was formally named on 28 November 2016. It had a previous name given by the IUPAC called "Ununoctium" meaning "one-one-eight" in Latin. This was a placeholder name until the element was discovered and a name was given, similar to many other unnamed elements at the time that were above Element 118. The possibility of a seventh noble gas, after helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, and radon, was considered almost as soon as the noble gas group was discovered. Danish chemist Hans Peter Jørgen Julius Thomsen predicted in April 1895, the year after the discovery of argon, that there was a whole group of chemically unreactive gases similar to argon that would link the halogen and alkali metal groups. He expected that the seventh of this series would end a 32-element period which contained elements like thorium and uranium and have an atomic weight of 292, close to the 294 now known for the first and only confirmed isotope of oganesson.

## Chemistry 
The chemistry of Oganesson cannot be found because of how radioactive it is and how short its half-life is, which is only 0.69 milliseconds. However, predictions can be made based on properties the group has in common with each other. Since it's a noble gas, it is predicted that it will be a diatomic molecule (because it only pairs with itself).

## Uses 
It currently has no uses due to how radioactive and how short its half-life is because of its radioactive decay. It is only used purely for scientific reasons at the moment.

## Other websites 
*WebElements.com - Oganesson
* Oganesson at *The Periodic Table of Videos* (University of Nottingham)
## References
Zenani Mandela-Dlamini

Princess **Zenani Mandela-Dlamini** (born 4 February 1959) is a South African diplomat. She is the elder daughter of Nelson Mandela and his second wife, Winnie Mandela. She is the older sister of Ambassador Zindzi Mandela, who passed away in 2020 from COVID-19 related complications. She currently serves as South Africa's Ambassador to the Kingdom of Sweden. 

## Biography
She was born in 1959. When she was four her father was sent to prison. She was not able to visit him until she was 16 years old.

Mandela-Dlamini studied at Waterford Kamhlaba United World College of Southern Africa and science at Boston University. At Boston she met Prince Thumbumuzi Dlamini, elder brother of the King of Swaziland, Mswati III and of Queen Mantfombi of the Zulus). They married in 1973 and had four children – Zaziwe (born 1977), Zamaswazi (1979), Zinhle (1980) and Zozuko (1992) – but are currently separated. They are co-owners of Mandela, Dlamini and Associates (International Business Consultants).
 
She was appointed ambassador for South Africa to Argentina in July 2012. She was the first of Mandela's children to enter public service. She served in this position until 2017, when she was appointed South African high commissioner to Mauritius.

After Mandela was elected president and his divorce to Winnie, Zenani accompanied her father to his inauguration. She become the stand-in First Lady of South Africa until her father remarried.

## References
Fayette County, Iowa

**Fayette County** is a county in the U.S. state of Iowa. As of the 2020 census, the population was 19,509. The county seat is West Union.

## References
Van Meter, Iowa

**Van Meter** is a city in Dallas County, Iowa, United States. It is along the Raccoon River. The population was 1,484 at the 2020 census.

## References
Dallas County, Iowa

**Dallas County** is a county in the U.S. state of Iowa. In the 2020 census, 99,678 people lived there. The county seat is Adel.

## References
Van Wert, Iowa

**Van Wert** is a city in Decatur County, Iowa, United States. The population was 178 at the 2020 census.

It is at  (40.870070, -93.793457).

## References
Anson, Maine

**Anson** is a town in Somerset County, Maine, United States. The population was 2,291 at the 2020 census. It includes the villages of Anson and North Anson.

## References
## Other websites
* https://ansonmaine.town/
Williamsburg, Iowa

**Williamsburg** is a city in Iowa County, Iowa, United States. The population was 3,346 at the 2020 census. Aviation pioneer Eugene Ely was born outside Williamsburg.

## References
Waverly, Iowa

**Waverly** is a city in Iowa in the United States. The population was 10,394 at the 2020 census. It is the county seat of Bremer County.

The sister city of Waverly is the German city of Eisenach, which is famous for the Wartburg castle.

## References
IUCN Red List of Ecosystems

from 1989 to 2003. It is an example of a **Collapsed** (CO) ecosystem.  (Source of the image: NASA)]]

The **IUCN Red list of Ecosystems** (RLE) is a global framework to monitor and document the status of ecosystems. Its main aim is to support the conservation and the use of resources. It is hoped to evaluate all ecosystems by 2025.
 
The Red List of Ecosystem was developed by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN). They also created the  Red List of Threatened Species™; a global frame to monitor the level of risk of animal and plant species.

## References
Moscow City Duma

The **Moscow City Duma** (, *Moskovskaya Gorodskaya Duma*) is the Russian regional parliament in Moscow, the unicameral City Duma (city council, a local parliament) of the Russian capital city of Moscow.
High Plains (United States)

The **High Plains** are a subregion of the Great Plains. They are the western part of the Great Plains before the region reaches the Rocky Mountains.

The High Plains are in southeastern Wyoming, southwestern South Dakota, western Nebraska, eastern Colorado, western Kansas, eastern New Mexico, western Oklahoma, and south of the Texas Panhandle. They are mostly in the Western United States, but also partly in the Midwest states of Nebraska, Kansas, and South Dakota.

Geologically, the high plains are caused by the same process as caused the Rockies. The cause is the westward movement of North America away from Eurasia, which has been going on for over 100 million years. As the continent moved west, it subducted plates under the western side, and stretched out its eastern side. This explains why the western states all have some mountainous terrain, and the eastern states in the south are so low-lying.

From east to west, the High Plains rise in elevation from around  to over . The region is known for the steady, and sometimes intense, winds that come from the west. These add a considerable wind chill factor in the winter.  The development of wind farms in the High Plains is one of the latest areas of economic development.

The High Plains has one of the lowest population densities of any region in the continental United States; Wyoming, for example, has the second lowest population density in the country after Alaska.

## References
Ralph Wolfe Cowan

**Ralph Wolfe Cowan** (December 16, 1931 – September 4, 2018) was an American portrait artist. He painted more reigning monarchs and heads of state than any artist in history. He was born in Phoebus, Virginia.

Cowan died in West Palm Beach, Florida on September 4, 2018 at the age of 86.

## References
## Other websites
*
Walford, Iowa

**Walford** is a city in Iowa in the United States. It is part of Benton County and is a small rural city.

Walford is the second largest city in its state.

As of 2022, nearly all of the population were U.S. citizens with 99.8%, however, the rate of citizenship is decreasing. Some of the most commonly reported ancestry of the population were German, Irish, English, Czech, and Norwegian ancestries.

## References
Salawat Gallyamov

**Salawat Abdrakhmanovich Gallyamov** (December 24, 1959 – September 5, 2018) was a Russian linguist and researcher. He was a supporter of the theory of the Turanian origin of the Bashkir people. 

Gallyamov himself used the shape of the 'bashkord' for the name of the people. He was known for his research in the field of the epics and myths of the peoples of Eurasia and the connections and linguistic connections of the Bashkir language with some ancient and modern languages of the world.

Gallyamov died in Ufa, Russia on September 5, 2018 at the age of 59.

## References
Wall Lake, Iowa

**Wall Lake** is a city in Iowa, in the United States.

## Geography 
Wall Lake has a total area of 1.15 square miles.
Walker, Iowa

**Walker** is a city in Iowa in the United States with a population of 688 during 2020. It was named in honour of W. W. Walker.

## References
Koch's postulates

physician who developed Koch's postulates.]]

'''Koch's postulates'''  are four ideas about the relationship between a microbe and a disease. 

The postulates were made by Robert Koch and Friedrich Loeffler in 1884, based on earlier ideas of Jakob Henle. They were refined and published by Koch in 1890. 

Koch applied the postulates to cholera and tuberculosis, but they have been used for other diseases. These postulates were made before viruses were discovered. Also, they did not realise that some people were "asymptomatic carriers": they could carry the disease without showing signs of it. The postulates are little used today. Other criteria are used, for example the Bradford Hill criteria for infectious diseases in modern public health.

Koch's postulates: 
# The suspected pathogen should be present in all cases of disease  but not in a healthy animal 
# The suspected pathogen should be grown *in vitro* in pure culture. 
# Cells from the pure culture of pathogen should cause disease in healthy animals. 
# The pathogen can be reisolated from the infected animal.

## References
Prime Minister of Abkhazia

The **Prime Minister of Abkhazia** is the head of government of the Republic of Abkhazia. The Prime Minister is appointed by the President.

While the Presidency was held by one man – Vladislav Ardzinba – from 1994 to 2005, the position of Prime Minister changed hands a number of times during that time.

It was created with the November 1994 adoption of the Constitution of Abkhazia, and Gennady Gagulia was appointed to the position in January 1995.

## List of prime ministers of Abkhazia
## References
Gennadi Gagulia

**Gennadi Leonidipa Gagulia** (, ; 4 January 1948 – 8 September 2018) was an Abkhazian politician. He was three-time Prime Minister of Abkhazia and the head of the Chamber of Commerce and Industry.

He was the first prime minister of Abkhazia after the post was created by the constitution in 1995, holding it until 1997. He returned to the post in 2002 and remained for several months into 2003, and held it for a final time in 2018, before dying in a car crash.

Gagulia was killed in a car crash outside the village of Myussera, Gudauta District on 8 September 2018, aged 70.

## References
President of Abkhazia

The position of **President of Abkhazia** was created in 1994. 

Before the office of president was created the head of state position was known as the Chairman of Parliament between 1992 and the creation of the 1994 constitution.

Before the position of Chairman of Parliament, the highest office in Abkhazia was the Chairman of the Supreme Soviet. 

The post would last from the declaration of sovereignty from the Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic on 25 August 1990 until the outright declaration of independence on 23 July 1992.

## List of presidents of Abkhazia
## References
## Other websites
*President of the Republic of Abkhazia. Official site
Knoke, Iowa

**Knoke** is an unincorporated community of Iowa in the United States. It is in Calhoun County and is  west-southwest of Pomeroy.

## References
Valeri Bganba

**Valeri Bganba** (born 26 August 1953) is an Abkhazian politician. He is a former Speaker of the People's Assembly of Abkhazia. He was elected as speaker on 3 April 2012 and was replaced by Valery Kvarchia on 12 April 2017.

Bganba became acting President on 1 June 2014, after the resignation of Alexander Ankvab. On 25 September 2014 he was replaced by Raul Khajimba, the winner of the presidential elections on 24 August.

In September 2018, he became the 13th Prime Minister of Abkhazia.

## References
Raul Khajimba

**Raul Khajimba** (, ; born 21 March 1958) is the 4th and current President of Abkhazia. He was elected in 2014 after the May Revolution.

Khajimba was also Chairman of the Forum for the National Unity of Abkhazia from 2010 to 2015. Khajimba was the Vice President (2005–2009), Prime Minister (2003–2004) and Defence Minister (2002–2003).

He ran for President four times until winning the 2014 election.

## References
Vladislav Ardzinba

**Vladislav Ardzinba** (, ; 14 May 1945 – 4 March 2010) was the first *de facto* President of Abkhazia. 

Ardzinba led Abkhazia to *de facto* independence in the 1992–1993 War with Georgia, but its *de jure* independence from Georgia remained internationally unrecognised during Ardzinba's two terms as President from 1994 to 2005.

Ardzinba died at a Moscow hospital from a long-illness on 4 March 2018 at the age of 64.

## References
Alexander Ankvab

**Aleksandr Ankvab** ( ; , , ; born December 26, 1952) is an Abkhaz politician and businessman. He was President of Abkhazia from May 29, 2011, until his resignation on June 1, 2014. 

Under President Sergei Bagapsh, he was Prime Minister from 2005 to 2010 and Vice-President from 2010 to 2011. 

In April 2020, Ankvab became Prime Minister again during the Aslan Bzhania presidency.

## References
Cherokee County, Iowa

**Cherokee County** is a county in the U.S. state of Iowa. In the 2020 census, 11,658 people lived there. The county seat is Cherokee.

## References
Washta, Iowa

**Washta** is a city in Iowa in the United States with a population of 209 in 2020. It is called "The Coldest Spot in Iowa", having recorded a temperature of −44 °C without wind chill on January 12, 1912.

## References
Gilbert Lazard

**Gilbert Lazard** ( – ) was a French linguist and iranologist. He was born in Paris. His works include the study of many Iranian languages, translations of classical Persian poetry, and research on linguistic typology. His works were mainly on morphosyntactic alignment. He also studied the Tahitian language.

On November 14, 1980, he was elected an ordinary member of the ''Académie des inscriptions et belles-lettres.

Lazard died in Paris on 6 September 2018 at the age of 98.

## References
Frank Andersson

**Frank Öivind Stefan Andersson** (9 May 1956 – 9 September 2018), better known professorially as **Frank Andersson** was a Swedish wrestler and Olympian. He started in amateur wrestling. He won many world championship gold medals as well as a bronze medal at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles. He was born in Trollhättan, Sweden.

He later became a professional wrestler with mixed success. He was also a television personality appearing on several Swedish reality and game shows.

Andersson died in Stockholm on 9 September 2018 from a lung infection complicated from heart surgery at the age of 62.

## References
## Other websites
*
Illinois State Capitol

The **Illinois State Capitol**, located in Springfield, Illinois, it houses the legislative and the executive branches of the government of the U.S. state of Illinois. 

The current building is the sixth to serve as the capitol since Illinois became a state in 1818. It was built in the architectural styles of the French Renaissance and Italianate. The total cost of the construction was $4,500,000.

Its tall central dome, and tower roofs, are covered in zinc to provide a silvery facade which does not weather.

## References
Taylor County, Iowa

**Taylor County** is a county in the U.S. state of Iowa. As of the 2020 census, the population was 5,896, making it the fourth-least populous county in Iowa. The county seat and largest city is Bedford. The county was founded in 1847 and named after General and President Zachary Taylor.

## References
Margaret Court

**Margaret Court** (née **Smith**; born 16 July 1942), also known as **Margaret Smith Court**, is a retired Australian tennis player and former world #1. In tennis, she won 24 major titles (11 in the open era). That is more than any other player in history. After retiring from tennis, she became a Christian minister in Perth, Western Australia. Court was born in Albury, New South Wales.

## References
## Other websites
* 
* 
* 
* 
* ''She's Game: Women Making Australian Sporting History – Margaret Court'' from the Australian Women's Archives Project
* Reverend Margaret Court AO, MBE at Victory Life Centre
Daniel Küblböck

**Daniel Dominik Kaiser-Küblböck** (born **Daniel Dominik Küblböck**; 27 August 1985 – 9 September 2018) was a German pop singer. His popularity came from late 2002 until 2004. He was known for appearing in the first season of *Deutschland sucht den Superstar* (DSDS), the German version of *Pop Idol*, in which he came third. 

In 2005, Küblböck appeared in the German version of *Big Brother*, and in 2015, he took part in the eighth season of the German version of ''Let's Dance'', where he finished sixth.

## Personal life and disappearance 
In 2010, Küblböck came out as gay. Before his disappearance, he opened up about possibly transitioning into a woman. He began using the name **Lana Kaiser**.

Küblböck was reported missing on 9 September 2018 after falling overboard at a cruise ship on the Labrador Sea near Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada. The Canadian coast guard started a search operation on site and assisting. On 10 September 2018, the coast guard abandoned its search due to the slim chance of survival in the cold water.

## References
## Other websites
* Official Homepage of Daniel Küblböck
* Official Fan Club of Daniel Küblböck
* Official Myspace of Daniel Küblböck
*
Jonas Algirdas Antanaitis

**Jonas Algirdas Antanaitis** (19 August 1921 – 9 September 2018) was a Lithuanian politician. He was a long term member of Seimas. He was born in Rimšiniai village, Pakruojis district, Lithuania.

He was arrested in 1944 and deported to Siberia. He returned to Lithuania in 1954, working as an engineer.

In 1995, Antanaitis became a member of Seimas.

## References
Mr. Catra

**Wagner Domingues Costa** (November 5, 1968 – September 9, 2018), known professionally as **Mr. Catra**, was a Brazilian funk singer and actor. He was born in Rio de Janeiro. He was known in Brazilian pop culture for his large number of children, 32 total and having two wives. He was also known for his famous laugh at the beginning or ending of his songs.

In 1994, he released his first album "O Bonde dos Justos", recording the hit song "Life in the Chain". The songs of strong themes caught the attention of Warner Bros Music. In 1999, Warner Bros. helped Mr. Catra launch the CD "O fiel".

Mr. Catra died on September 9, 2018 from stomach cancer in São Paulo at the age of 49.

## Discography 
* *O Bonde dos Justos* (1994)
* *O Segredo do Altíssimo* (1996)
* *O Fiel* (1999)
* *Bonde do Tesão* (2001)
* *Proibidão Liberado* (2004)
* *Humildade é Tudo* (2007)
* *Poder da Favela* (2008)
* *Com Todo Respeito ao Samba * (2012)

## References
Sangamon County, Illinois

**Sangamon County** is a county located in the center of the U.S. state of Illinois. According to the 2020 census, it had a population of 196,343. Its county seat is Springfield.

## References
Beat Richner

**Beat Richner** (13 March 1947 – 9 September 2018) was a Swiss pediatrician and cellist. He was born in Zurich. He was the founder of children's hospitals in Cambodia.  He created the Kantha Bopha Foundation in Zurich in 1992 and became its head. He and another expatriate oversee and run the predominantly Cambodian-manned hospitals.

As both a cellist and a medical doctor, Richner was known by patients, audiences, and donors as "Beatocello".

Richner died in a hospice near Zurich on 9 September 2018 at the age of 71.

## References
Illiopolis, Illinois

**Illiopolis** is a village in Sangamon County, Illinois, United States. The population was 846 at the 2020 census. It is part of the Springfield, Illinois Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Illiopolis is located at  (39.851351, -89.247131).

The name was formed from Illinois and -polis, a Greek suffix meaning "city".

## References
Hurricane Florence

**Hurricane Florence** was a major tropical cyclone, powerful and Cape Verde hurricane in the Atlantic that caused severe and extensive damage in the Carolinas in September 2018. The storm threatened the East Coast of the United States with major and catastrophic flooding, especially in the Carolinas. The sixth named storm, the third hurricane, and the first major hurricane of the 2018 Atlantic hurricane season. Florence first came off from Africa as a tropical wave on August 30, 2018.

On August 31, the tropical wave became a tropical depression. It became Tropical Storm Florence on September 1, 2018.

The storm strengthened to a major hurricane on September 5, and then strengthened to a Category 4 hurricane with estimated maximum sustained winds of 130 mph later that day.

The state Governors of North Carolina, South Carolina and Virginia declared a state of emergency for each state. It was becoming evident that the hurricane might strike South or North Carolina as a major hurricane.

Florence later weakened to a strong tropical storm. However, the storm later strengthened back to a hurricane. This time, it strengthened to 140 miles per hour, stronger than it was before.

On September 10, 2018, mandatory evacuations were issued in certain parts of North Carolina, South Carolina and Virginia.

On September 11, 2018, tropical cyclone watches were posted for the North and South Carolina coastlines.

The storm made a slow landfall (7 km/h) on September 14 as a Category 1 hurricane. It had heavy rain. It took energy and water from the warm Gulf Stream near the coast for one day. When the storm was inland, it weakened to a tropical depression.

Florence had a wind speed of 140 mph and a central pressure of 939 millibars, but from post-analysis it had a wind speed of 150 mph.

Damage from Florence was estimated at $24 billion (2018 USD). There were 53 deaths from Florence.

## Retirement 
On March 20, 2019, the World Meteorological Organization retired the name *Florence* due to severe and very expensive damage it caused along its track, particularly in the Carolinas, and it will never again be used for another Atlantic hurricane. It will be replaced with *Francine* for the 2024 season.

## References
## Other websites
**NOAA archives for Florence*
Iris Apfel

**Iris Apfel** (*née* **Barrel**; August 29, 1921 &ndash; March 1, 2024) was an American businesswoman, interior designer, and fashion icon. She was born in Queens, New York City.

Apfel studied at the University of Wisconsin. Apfel took part in several design restoration projects, including work at the White House for nine presidents: Truman, Eisenhower, Kennedy, Johnson, Nixon, Ford, Carter, Reagan, and Clinton.

In 2013, she was listed as one of the fifty "Best-Dressed over 50" by *The Guardian*. In November 2016, Apfel was awarded the Women's Entrepreneurship Day Pioneer Award for her work in fashion at the United Nations in New York City.

In 2018, Mattel created a Barbie doll in Apfel's image, making her the oldest person to ever have a Barbie made in her image. In 2019, at the age of 97, she signed a modelling contract with global agency IMG.

Apfel celebrated her 100th birthday on August 29, 2021. She was Jewish.

Apfel died at her home in Palm Beach, Florida from natural causes on March 1, 2024, at the age of 102.

## References
Cara Mund

**Cara Mund** (pronounced *car-uh*; born December 8, 1993) is an American beauty pageant title holder. In June 2017, she became Miss North Dakota 2017. On September 10, 2017, she was crowned Miss America 2018.

Mund was born in Bismarck, North Dakota. Since age 14, she has organized an annual fund raising fashion show benefiting the Make-A-Wish Foundation.

Mund has expressed interest in representing North Dakota in the state and United States Senate. She wants to also be the first woman elected Governor of North Dakota.

## References
Jo-Carroll Dennison

**Jo-Carroll Dennison** (December 16, 1923 &ndash; October 18, 2021) was an American beauty pageant winner, actress and was Miss America 1942. She was raised in San Francisco, California. As Miss America during World War II, much of her time was spent visiting "defense plants, hospitals and service camps" and selling war bonds.

Dennison was also an actress in the 1940s. She had roles in *Winged Victory* and *The Jolson Story*. They divorced in 1950.

Dennison died on October 18, 2021 at her home in Idyllwild–Pine Cove, California at the age of 97.

## References
BeBe Shopp

**BeBe Shopp** (August 17, 1930 &ndash; October 4, 2025) was an American model, beauty pageant winner and was Miss America in 1948.

She used her pageant scholarship to attend the Manhattan School of Music. She specialized in the vibraharp, and graduated with a degree in percussion in 1952. She sang with Share the Music and the Cape Ann Symphony Chorus. 

Shopp was active in community affairs, and headed the board of directors for Gloucester Stage Company.

Shopp died on October 4, 2025 in Rockport, Massachusetts at the age of 95.

## References
## Other websites
*Miss America official website
Marilyn Van Derbur

**Marilyn Elaine Van Derbur** (born June 16, 1937) is the Miss Colorado 1957, 1958 Miss America pageant holder, 

## References
Florence, Arizona

**Florence** (O'odham: **S-auppag**) is a town,  southeast of Phoenix, in Pinal County of Arizona, United States. Florence is the county seat of Pinal County. It is one of the oldest towns in that county and is regarded as a National Historic District.
The population of Florence was 26,785 at the 2020 census.

## References
Nia Franklin

**Nia Imani Franklin** (born July 27, 1993) is an American beauty pageant winner and Miss America 2019. 

Born in Winston-Salem, North Carolina, Franklin moved to New York City in 2017.

In June 2018, she was crowned Miss New York 2018. On September 9, 2018, she was crowned Miss America 2019  in Atlantic City, New Jersey. For the talent portion she sang "Quando m'en vo''" from the opera, *La bohème*. 

## References
Humayun Ahmed

**Humayun Ahmed** (13 November 1948 – 19 July 2012) was a Bangladeshi writer, dramatist and movie director. He was one of the leading Bengali language literary person of 20th century. He wrote around 200 fiction and non-fiction books. His first novel was *In Blissful Hell*. It was published in 1972. His other notable writings are *Shonkhonil Karagar*, *Josna O Jononir Golpo*, *Kobi*, *Moddhanho*, *Badshah Namdar* and *Deyal*. He won Bangla Academy Literary Award in 1981 and Ekushey Padak in 1994 for his contribution to Bengali literature.

Ahmed started making movie in the beginning of 1990s. *Aguner Parashmoni* (1994) was his first directed movie. He then made seven more movies. He received six National Movie Awards in different categories for his movies.

## Early life
Ahmed was born in Kutubpur village of Kendua Upazila, Netrokona District. His father was Foyzur Rahman (1921-1971) and mother was Ayesha Foyez (1930-2014). Foyzur was a sub-divisional police officer. He was killed during the Bangladesh Liberation War in 1971. Ahmed has two brothers and three sisters. Two of his younger brother Muhammad Zafar Iqbal is a writer and Ahsan Habib is a cartoonist. His sisters are Sufia Haider, Momtaz Shahid and Rukhsana Ahmed.

## Career
Ahmed started his career as a lecturer at  Bangladesh Agricultural University in 1973. He wrote a short story *Sourav* this period. Then he shifted to University of Dhaka as a lecturer of chemistry department in 1974. This year, he published novel *Achinpur*. This novel was published in *Bichitra* magazine's Eid volume.

## Death
On 19 July 2012, Ahmed died of colon cancer in New York City's Bellevue Hospital, aged 63.

## References
## Bibliography
* 

## Other websites
* 
* 
*
Nick Castle

**Nicholas Charles Castle** (born September 21, 1947) is an American screenwriter, movie director and actor. He was born in Los Angeles, California. Castle is known for his role as Michael Myers in *Halloween*, directed by John Carpenter. 

Castle also co-wrote *Escape from New York* with Carpenter.

Castle won a Saturn Award for Best Writing for *The Boy Who Could Fly* in 1987.

On December 20, 2017, it was announced that Castle would be reprising his role as Michael Myers in the new *Halloween* movie .

## References
## Other websites
*
Asymptomatic carrier

An **asymptomatic carrier** (**healthy carrier** or just **carrier**) is a person or other animal which has become infected with a pathogen, but who shows no signs or symptoms. Although unaffected by the pathogen themselves, carriers can transmit it to others.

## Typhoid fever
### History
Mary Mallon, known as "Typhoid Mary", was an asymptomatic carrier of *Salmonella* *enterica*, the causative agent of typhoid fever. She worked as a cook for several families in New York City at the beginning of the twentieth century and she also cooked for the soldiers. Several cases of typhoid fever in members of those families were traced to her by the Health Department. It appeared that she "carried" the infectious agent without becoming sick. At the time, there was no way of eradicating the disease.

## References
Khalid Bakdash

**Khalid Bakdash** (1912 &ndash; July 15, 1995; occasionally spelled **Khalid Bagdash** or **Khaled Bekdache**, ) was the leader of the Syrian Communist Party (SCP) from 1936 until his death. In 1954 Bakdash became the first member of a communist party to be elected to an Arab parliament. He has since been called the "dean of Arab communism."

## References
Salah Jadid

**Salah Jadid** (1926 &ndash; 19 August 1993, ) was a Syrian general and ultra-left-wing political figure in the Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party in Syria, and the country's *de facto* leader from 1966 until 1970, when he was ousted by Hafez al-Assad's Corrective Movement.

## References
Greylag goose

The **greylag goose** (*Anser anser*) is a species of large grey goose in the waterfowl family Anatidae. It is the largest goose. Its distribution is widespread. Birds from the north of its range in Europe and Asia migrate south to spend the winter in warmer places. 

It is the type species of the genus *Anser* and is the ancestor of the domestic goose. It has been domesticated at least since 1360 BC. The genus name is from *anser*, the Latin for "goose".

Greylag geese travel to their northerly breeding grounds in spring, nesting on moorlands, in marshes, around lakes and on coastal islands. They normally mate for life and nest on the ground among vegetation. A clutch of three to five eggs is laid. The female incubates the eggs and both parents defend and rear the young. The birds stay together as a family group, migrating southwards in autumn as part of a flock, and separating the following year. During the winter they occupy semi-aquatic habitats, estuaries, marshes and flooded fields, feeding on grass and agricultural crops. Some populations, such as those in Southern England and in urban areas, are resident and occupy the same area year-round.

## References
Euronymous

**Øystein Aarseth** (; 22 March 1968 – 10 August 1993), better known by his stage name **Euronymous**, was a Norwegian guitarist. Euronymous was a founder of and central figure in the early Norwegian black metal scene. He was a co-founder of the Norwegian black metal band Mayhem and was the only constant member from the band's formation in 1984 until his death in 1993. He was also founder and owner of the extreme metal record label Deathlike Silence Productions and record shop Helvete  (Norwegian for "hell").
Euronymous said he was a Theistic Satanist and was known for making extreme misanthropic statements. He presented himself as leading a militant cult-like group known as the "Black Metal Inner Circle". 

In August 1993, he was murdered by fellow musician Varg Vikernes.

## Murder 
In early 1993, there was conflict between Euronymous and Vikernes, as well as between Euronymous and the Swedish black metal scene as a whole.

On the night of 10 August 1993, Vikernes and Snorre 'Blackthorn' Ruch drove from Bergen to Euronymous' apartment at Tøyengata in Oslo. There was a confrontation  and Vikernes fatally stabbed Euronymous. His body was found on the stairs outside the apartment with 23 stab wounds – two to the head, five to the neck, and 16 to the back. Euronymous' murder was initially blamed on Swedish black metallers by the media.

It has been speculated that the murder was the result of a power struggle, a financial dispute over Burzum records, or an attempt at "outdoing" the stabbing in Lillehammer.

## Discography 
Euronymous played guitar on the following albums except where noted, any additional instruments or credits in notes.

## References
North Richland Hills, Texas

**North Richland Hills** is a city inside Tarrant County, Texas, United States, and a mid-to-high end suburb of Dallas and Fort Worth. The population was 69,917 at the 2020 census, making it the third-largest city in Tarrant County.

## References
Raktha Sambandham (TV series)

***Raktha Sambandham*** is an Indian Telugu-language drama television series. It stars Meghana Lokesh, Siddu, Jackie, Jyothi Reddy, and Meena Kumari. *Raktha Sambandham* premiered on 9 April 2018. It broadcasts in Zee Telugu and ZEE5 before TV telecast.

## Plot 
The story is about the loving relationship of two siblings,  Krishna Prasad (Jackie) and Krishna Priya (Meena Kumari). Sharing a strong bond between them, Priya adores Krishna Prasad and is even willing to sacrifice her own happiness for her brother’s needs.

Prasad's wife, Durgamma (Jyothi reddy) and Priya bcome pregnant around same time. Due to social conditions and comments, Durgamma says she will die if she doesn't give birth to a male child. Unfortunately, Durgamma gets a girl, Tulasi. Priya gives birth to a boy, Adithya. Later they are exchanged by their parents to save Durgamma's life. Only Prasad, Priya and her husband and also Prasad's mother know the truth of the children's birth.

Durgamma always boasts about her son and insults Priya and Tulasi. Tulasi always enjoys fighting with Durgamma which annoys Durgamma. Then Tulasi and Adithya fall in love with each other but Durgamma agree to get them married. the rest of the story is about how Durgamma tries to separate the loving couple and how Tulasi overcomes the hard conditions and wins Durgamma's acceptance for their wedding.

## Cast 
### Main Cast 
*Meghana Lokesh as Tulasi
*Siddarardh Varma as Aditya 
* Jackie as Krishna Prasad
* Meena Kumari as Krishna Priya
* Siddu as Aditya
* Jyothi Reddy as Kanka Durga
* Vasudha Kasul as Venkatlaxmi

## Remade
This series now remade into Tamil language as Raja Magal which is airing on Zee Tamil.

## Digital Release 
ZEE5 launched all the episodes of ***Raktha Sambandham***, including latest episodes, on Zee5 website and Zee5 app under their “Before TV” service.

## References
## Other websites 
*Raktha Sambandham Official Website
Zee Telugu

**Zee Telugu** is a Telugu cable television channel in India. It is offered by Zee Entertainment Enterprises, part of the Essel Group, a mediaentertainment company based in Telangana, Hyderabad, it broadcasts programming in Telugu.

On 31 December 2017, The look of ZEE Telugu and Sister Channel ZEE Cinemalu along with their HD channels was changed. This new look was launched by actor Chiranjeevi. Samantha Akkineni made the Brand Ambassador.

## Programming 
* Varevah
* Raktha Sambhandam
* Gundamma Katha
* Gruhapravesham
* Bathuku Jatka Bandi
* Tenali Ramakrishna °
* Kumkum Bhagya °
* Ganga Manga
* America Ammayi
* Muddha Mandaram
* Na Kodalu Bangaram
* Mate Mantramo
* Kalyana Vaibhogam
* Mutyala muggu
* Suryavamsham
* Drama juniors ^
* Sa Re Ga Ma Pa ^

° represents they are dubbed versions of serial with same name

^ represents they air on weekends only

## References
## Other websites 
* Zee Telugu Official Website
* Zeetvtelugu on Youtube
Tumhari Paakhi

**Tumhari Paakhi** is an Indian television Soap opera created by Sumeet Hukamchand Mittal. It is produced by the Shashi Sumeet Productions.  And writed by Saratchand Chattopadhyay. It is broadcast on Life OK wich will be premiered on 11 November 2013 to 21 November 2014. The show stars Shraddha Arya and Mohammed Iqbal Khan in lead roles.
## Cast
* Shraddha Arya as Paakhi Anshuman Rathore / Paakhi Veer Pratap Singh (nee Shekhawat), Anshuman's 1st wife/widow, Veer's wife
* Mohammed Iqbal Khan as Anshuman Rathore, Paakhi's 1st husband (Dead) / Aryamann Rathore, Anshuman's younger brother
* Varun Badola as Veer Pratap Singh, Anshuman, Aryamann and Lavanya's cousin, Paakhi's 2nd husband
* Vivaan Qamar as Cameo Pakhi's Love
* Sachin Shroff as Girish, Lavanya's husband
* Rukhsar Rehman as Lavanya Girish (nee Rathore), Anshuman's younger sister
* Divyam Dama as Ayaan Anshuman Rathore, Anshuman and his 2nd wife's son, Paakhi's step son
* Madhura Naik as Tanya Rana, Anshuman's ex-fiancee
Vijay Kalvani as Ashok
Tej Sapru as Mr. Rana, Tanya's father
* Priyanka Bhole as Veer's sister, Anshuman, Aryaman and Lavanya's cousin
* Pushkar Goggiaa as Prithvi
* Indraneil Sengupta as Rohan, Paakhi's ex-boyfriend
Rishi Khurana as Paakhi's brother
* Dolly Minhas as Girish's aunt
* Vijayendra Kumeria as Vikram
* Parakh Madan as Suman
* Anita Raj as Anuja (fake) / Devki Rathore, Anshuman, Aryamann and Lavanya's biological mother
* Unknown as Anshuman's 2nd wife, Ayaan's mother (Dead)
* Jasmine Avasia as Priya Veer Pratap Singh, Paakhi and Veer's adopted daughter

## References
Water bird

A **water bird** is one who lives on or around water. It includes water fowl, sea birds, wading birds and shore birds. The term is quite useful in conservation biology for birds that live in or depend on bodies of water or wetland areas.

*Seabirds (marine birds, such as penguins and gulls)
*Shorebirds (waders, order Charadriiformes)
*Anseriformes (ducks, geese, swans, magpie geese, screamers)
*Grebes (order Podicipediformes)
*Loons (order Gaviiformes)
*Ciconiiformes (storks, herons, egrets, ibises, spoonbills and others)
*Pelecaniformes (pelicans and others)
*Flamingos (order Phoenicopteriformes)
*Some members of the order Gruiformes (including cranes and rails, crakes, coots and moorhens)
*Kingfishers 
*One family of passerines, the dippers
Religion in Poland

As of the 2021 census, the most common religion in **Poland** was Roman Catholicism, whose followers were 72.4% of the population, followed by the Eastern Orthodoxy with 0.4%, Jehovah's Witnesses with 0.3%, and various Protestant denominations with 0.4% of the Polish population and 0.1% for Greek Catholic Churches.

## Censuses 
## Christianity 
About 150 thousand Orthodox people live in Poland, most of whom are members of the Polish Orthodox Church. Protestant groups are estimated to be about 60 thousand believers, especially Evangelical Lutheran Church in Poland. According to church statistics, approximately 28% of Catholics attend mass weekly. Some people consider themselves Catholic due to the celebrations, traditions, customs and religious ties they keep with the Polish culture.  

Mieszko I, the prince of Poland was baptised in 966. He was the first Christian ruler. 

### Catholic Church 
Catholics in Poland are a group of people that contains two subgroups:

* Roman Catholic Church
* Greek Catholic Church

The second one was established in Poland in the 17th century between some groups of Orthodox people and Roman Catholic Church.

The most important pilgrimage destinations in the country are: Jasna Góra in Częstochowa and Licheń. The most known Polish saints of the Roman Catholic Church include: John Paul II, Maximilian Kolbe, and Jerzy Popiełuszko.

## Judaism 
Jews have been living in Poland for more than a thousand years. Until World War II, there were more Jews in Poland than anywhere outside the United States, with approximately 3 million Jews living in Poland. A vast majority was killed during Holocaust or emigrated in the period of antisemitism after World War II. Currently there are about 10,000 Polish Jews, most of whom live in large cities such as Warsaw, Kraków or Łódź. 

## Islam 
A 2021 census states that there are 2209 Muslims (less than 0.01% of the population) living in Poland. There are 3 mosques in Poland, the oldest in Bohoniki and Kruszyniany. Little but some Muslims have lived in Poland for over 500 years, especially in Podlaskie Voivodeship.

## References
Webb, Iowa

**Webb** is a city in Clay County Iowa in the United States. As of 2020 the population of Webb was 138 compared to 165 in 2000.

## Demographics 
Historical Population:

## References
Webster, Iowa

in Webster**]]**Webster''' is a city in Iowa in the United States. In 2020, 94 people lived in the city. Webster has a total area of 0.32 square miles (0.83 km²).
Eugene Thomas Long

**Eugene Thomas Long** (March 16, 1935 – March 13, 2020) was born in Richmond, Virginia. He was the author of *Jaspers and Bultmann: A Dialogue Between Philosophy and Theology* (1968), *Existence, Being and God: An Introduction to the Philosophical Theology of John Macquarrie* (1985) and *Twentieth Century Western Philosophy of Religion:1900-2000* (2000).
## Life and Career
Long was born in Richmond, Virginia. He is the first son of Eugene Thomas Long, Jr. and Emily Barker Long. He is a graduate of Randolph-Macon College in Virginia (BA), Duke University (BD) and the University of Glasgow, (Ph.D). He was a student of John Macquarrie and Ronald Gregor Smith.

He was a Professor of Philosophy at Randolph Macon College between 1964 and 1970. He was a Professor of Philosophy at the University of South Carolina between 1970 and 2002. During that time he was Chair of the Department of Philosophy (1972-1987). He retired in 2002 as Distinguished Professor of Philosophy Emeritus.

He was elected President of The Metaphysical Society of America and President of the Society for Philosophy of Religion. He served as Editor-in-Chief of the International Journal for Philosophy of Religion (1990-2010) and the Handbook of Contemporary Philosophy of Religion.

The major focus of Long’s work is the dialogue between philosophy and theology and he is often characterized both as a philosophical theologian and philosopher of religion. Attracted in his early days to the work of Hegel and British and American Idealism, he is influenced in particular by the work of Karl Jaspers, Martin Heidegger, Paul Tillich and John Macquarrie.  Appealing to the theories of experience in the tradition of so-called radical empiricism, Long argues for transcendent dimensions of general human experience to bridge the gap between specifically religious and ordinary experience. 

Long died on March 13, 2020 at the age of 84.

## References