open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Classical physics

**Classical physics** are the physics that were made before the 20th century. This part of physics studies things like movement, light, gravity, and electricity. 

Most of physics today uses ideas that are more complicated than the ideas of classical physics, because in the 20th century, physicists discovered two better ways to describe nature: the theory of relativity and quantum mechanics. 

Classical physics turned out not to work when the things being studied were very, very small (around the size of atoms or smaller), or were moving very, very fast (around the speed of light). So, around the beginning of the twentieth century, Albert Einstein worked out his Theory of Relativity and people like Neils Bohr, Werner Heisenberg. and Erwin Schrödinger created quantum mechanics. 

## History 
Sir Isaac Newton, and many scientists before him, helped create classical physics. They observed that some things in nature such as the falling of an apple occur the same way each time. Newton made equations that let him predict such events. He called these equations laws of physics. 

Newton's laws of physics have been tested by experiments and by using them in doing jobs. Sometimes things (like powerful winds) mess up the results of the experiment a bit, and the results come out a little wrong. But when people make efforts to get rid of these extra factors, the results of the experiments almost always get closer to what Newton's laws predict.

## Areas of classical physics
*Mechanics (how levers help lift things, cars keep moving after the engine is turned off, etc.)
*Thermodynamics (why we experience some things as hot and other things as cold, why it takes longer to heat water than air, etc.)
*Electricity (why rubbing one object with another can produce a static charge, why electrons move through wires, why lightning can span immense distances, etc.)
*Magnetism (why compass needles point to the north and south poles, why nails wrapped around and around with insulated wire will act as magnets when a direct current is passed through the wire, etc.)
*Optics (why sunlight that passes through raindrops can produce a rainbow, why prism bend light and make a spectrum like the rainbow, why lenses can magnify things, how to make powerful telescopes with or without using lenses, etc.)
Miloš Forman

**Miloš Forman** (18 February 1932 &ndash; 13 April 2018) was a Czech-American movie director, screenwriter, actor, and professor. He was an emigrant to the US from Czechoslovakia. He was born in Caslav. Two of his movies, ''One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest*,  and *Amadeus* won the Academy Award for Best Picture and are very famous. He also directed *Hair* and *People vs. Larry Flynt*. He won the Academy Award for Best Director twice.

## Personal life 
He became an American citizen in 1977. His full name was **Jan Tomáš Forman**. 

Forman died at a hospital in Danbury, Connecticut from a short-illness on 13 April 2018 at the age of 86.

## Movies
## Awards, nominations and honours
**Academy Awards**
* 1975: *One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest* (**won**)
* 1984: *Amadeus* (**won**)
* 1996: *The People vs. Larry Flynt* (*nomination*)

**Golden Globe**
* 1975: *One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest* (**won**)
* 1984: *Amadeus* (**won**)
* 1981: *Ragtime* (*nomination*)
* 1996: *The People vs. Larry Flynt* (**won**)

**Cannes**
* 1971: *Taking Off* (**Won**)
* 1968: *The Fireman's Ball* (*nomination*)

**Berlinale**
* 1999: *Man on the Moon* (**won**)
* 1997: *The People vs. Larry Flynt* (**won**)

**BAFTA**
* 1975: *One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest* (**won**)
* 1984: *Amadeus* (*nomination*)
* 1971: *Taking Off* (*nomination – Best Film*)
* 1971: *Taking Off* (*nomination – Best Screenplay*)

**César Award**
* 1984: *Amadeus* (**won**)
* 1975: *One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest* (*nomination*)
* 1979: *Hair* (*nomination*)
* 1989: *Valmont* (*nomination*)

**David di Donatello**
* 1975: *One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest* (**won**)
* 1984: *Amadeus* (**won – Best Film**)
* 1984: *Amadeus* (**won – Best Screenplay**)
* 1979: *Hair* (**won**)

**European Film Academy**
* 1996: *The People vs. Larry Flynt'' – Award for European contribution to world cinema – screen Prix International (**won**)

**Czech Lion**
* 1997: Contribution to Czech cinema (**won**)

**List of Greatest Czechs**
* **Největší Čech**: # 30 place

* 1995: **Medal of Merit**

## References
## Other websites
*
Huayangosaurus

Museum of Natural History.]]
 

***Huayangosaurus*** is a genus of stegosaurian dinosaur from the Middle Jurassic of China. The name comes from "Huayang", a name for Sichuan province. 

It lived about 165 million years ago. That is some 20 million years before its famous relative, *Stegosaurus* appeared in North America. At only 4.5 metres long, it was also much smaller than its famous cousin. Found in the Lower Shaximiao Formation, *Huayangosaurus* shared the local landscape with the sauropods *Shunosaurus*, *Datousaurus*, *Omeisaurus* and *Protognathosaurus*, the ornithopod *Xiaosaurus* and the carnivorous *Gasosaurus*.

## Description 
Like other stegosaurians, *Huayangosaurus* was a quadrupedal herbivore with a small skull and a spiked tail. *Huayangosaurus* had the distinctive double row of plates of all stegosaurians. These plates rose vertically along its arched back. In *Huayangosaurus*, the plates were more spike-like than in *Stegosaurus*. Like *Stegosaurus* it had two pairs of long spikes extending horizontally near the end of its tail.

*Huayangosaurus* was one of the smallest known stegosaurians, at just 4.5&nbsp;meters  in length.

## Discovery and species 
*Huayangosaurus* remains from twelve animals were got from the Dashanpu Quarry near Zigong in Sichuan. The type species is *H. taibaii*.

## Classification 
As the most basal stegosaurian, it is put in its own family *Huayangosauridae*. It is also morphologically distinct from later (stegosaurid) forms. Its skull was broader and had premaxillary teeth in the front of its mouth. All later stegosaurians lost these teeth.

## Palaeobiology 
It had plates all down its back and spikes on its tail. Two large spikes were above its hips, and may have been used for deterring an attack from above (it was fairly short in height compared to later stegosaurians). Its plates were smaller than those of *Stegosaurus*, with much less surface area. Thus they would have been much less effective heat regulators, one of the supposed functions of plates.

## Popular culture 
Mounted skeletons of *Huayangosaurus* are on display at the Zigong Dinosaur Museum in Zigong and the Municipal Museum of Chongqing in Sichuan Province in China.

## References 
* Stegosauria, in *The evolution and extinction of the dinosaurs*. 2nd ed 2005. Fastovsky D.E. and Weishampel D.B. pages 107–130. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-81172-4

* 

* 

## Other websites
* Stegosauria 
* *Huayangosaurus* Factsheet - Australian Museum
Lancia Dedra

)]]

The **Lancia Dedra** is an automobile produced by Lancia. It replaced the Lancia Prisma in 1989, and was replaced by the Lancia Lybra in 2000. It was offered as a sedan and as a station wagon. The Dedra shared its mechanics with the Fiat Tempra.

## Engines 
* *1.6 i.e.* 55 kW (75 hp), 57 kW (78 hp), 65 kW (88 hp) and 66 kW (90 hp)
* *1.6 i.e. 16V* 77 kW (105 hp)
* *1.8 i.e.* 66 kW (90 hp), 74 kW (101 hp), 77 kW (105 hp) and 80 kW (109 hp)
* *1.8 i.e. 16V* 83 kW (113 hp) and 96 kW (130 hp)
* *2.0 i.e.* 83 kW (113 hp) and 85 kW (115 hp)
* *2.0 i.e. 16V* 102 kW (139 hp)
* *2.0 i.e. HF Turbo* 119 kW (162 hp)
* *2.0 i.e. HF Integrale* 124 kW (169 hp)
* *2.0 turbo ds* 66 kW (90 hp)
Populist Movement

The **Populist Movement**, also known as the '''People's Party''' was a movement in late-19th century America.  It grew out of groups such as the Grange Movement.  It was largely a movement of farmers, who were poor and felt big businesses, such as railroads, were to blame.  Its leaders included Thomas Watson and William Jennings Bryan.  The populists had a series of demands known as the Omaha Platform.  Here are some of the things the Omaha Platform wanted:
  
* An income tax
* Direct election of United States Senators
* Free coinage of silver (at a rate of 16 ozs. of silver to one ounce of gold) to encourage inflation
* Government ownership of railroads and other large businesses

Though the Populists never and only controlled a few state governments for a few years, many of the demands of the Omaha Platform, such as the income tax and direct election of Senators, were later done as part of the Progressive Movement
Fauvism

, 1910]]
**Fauvism** (French for *The Wild Beasts*) was the name of a modern art movement in the early 20th century, led by the painters Henri Matisse and André Derain. The Fauves were a group of French painters who were influenced by the bright colours used by the Post-Impressionists Vincent van Gogh and Paul Gauguin.

The bright colourful style of painting that they used began around 1900 and continued beyond 1910, but the group was only together for three years, 1905–1907. In that time they had three exhibitions together. Their influence has continued  until the present day, and was adopted or influenced many artists who are not usually thought of as fauvists. Aristarkh Lentulov is one good example.
## Gallery 

File:Danseuse jaune, Mèrodack-Jeanneau.JPG|*Danseuse jaune* (yellow dancer) by Alexis Mérodack-Jeanneau, 1912
File:Alfred H Maurer - Fauve Still Life c 1908-1910.jpg|Fauve still life by Alfred Maurer, about 1908/1910
File:Alfred H Maurer - Fauve Landscape with Red and Blue, c 1908.jpg|Fauve landscape by Alfred Maurer, around 1908
File:Eine Künstlergemeinschaft by Ernst Ludwig Kirchner.jpg|Influence of fauvism: a portrait of the Die Brücke group by Ernst Ludwig Kirchner, 1926/27
File:Man Ray - (watercolor) Landscape (Paysage Fauve) - Smithsonian American Art Museum.jpg|*Pasage Fauve* by Man Ray, 1913, seems to be cubist as well as fauvist.

## Related pages 
* Impressionism
* Post-Impressionists
* Pointillism
* Cubism
* Expressionism

## References
Second Great Awakening

The **Second Great Awakening** was a Protestant religious movement in the United States. The Second Great Awakening, which spread religion through revival meetings and emotional preaching, sparked a number of reform movements. 

It was led by people such as Charles Grandison Finney, Henry Ward Beecher, Lyman Beecher, Edward Everett and Joseph Smith. It started in upstate New York in the 1790s, but spread to New England and the Midwest.  During the Second Great Awakening, thousands of people gathered at large religious meetings called revivals.  The people of the Second Great Awakening thought they could bring about a Golden Age in America through religion.  The Second Great Awakening led to new religious movements such as the Holiness Movement and the Mormons, and helped groups like the Methodist Church grow.  

The Second Great Awakening led to two movements in reform, that is, changing laws and behaviors to make society better.  One of these was the Temperance Movement, which believed that drinking alcohol was not good for society.  The other was abolitionism, which wanted to end slavery. People such as Harriet Beecher Stowe and William Lloyd Garrison wrote books and newspapers about how slavery should stop. They formed political movements, including the Liberty Party, the Free Soil Party and the Republican Party (United States).

## References
Woolsthorpe-by-Colsterworth

**Woolsthorpe-by-Colsterworth** is a hamlet in the United Kingdom. It is in Lincolnshire, England. It is 160 kilometres north of London. It is the town where scientist Sir Isaac Newton was born. Newton was born and lived at Woolsthorpe Manor, which is a small farm house. The apple tree which made him think about gravity can still be seen in the garden.

## References
Bagaceratops

***Bagaceratops*** (meaning "small horned face") was a plant-eating dinosaur that had a bony ridge along the back of its skull. This ceratopsian dinosaur lived during the late Cretaceous period, roughly 84 to 71 million years ago. *Bagaceratops* fossils have been found in Mongolia.

## Description 
*Bagaceratops* had a large head, a bulky body, a parrot-like beak, cheek teeth, triangular cheek protuberances, a short snout horn, and a small frill on its head. This ornithischian (bird-hipped) dinosaur was about 3 feet (1 m) long. *Bagaceratops* walked on four short legs (it was a quadruped).

*Bagaceratops* could eat tough plants; it had powerful jaws and cheek teeth that could chew the food.
Elf (band)

**Elf** was an American rock band that was active between 1967 and 1975. The band was previously called the **Electric Elves**. They released their first album, *Elf*, in 1972. The album was co-produced by Ian Paice and Roger Glover, who would later work with Elf's lead singer Ronnie James Dio in the band Rainbow.

## Discography
* *Elf* (1972)
* *Carolina County Ball* (1974)
* *Trying To Burn The Sun* (1975)
* *The Gargantuan* (1978)
* *The Elf Albums* (1991)

## References
Nodosaurus

***Nodosaurus*** (meaning "knobbed lizard") was a large, armored, quadrupedal (it walked on four legs), tank-like dinosaur. It lived in the first part of the Upper Cretaceous about 113–98 million years ago. Three very incomplete *Nodosaurus* fossils have been found in Wyoming and Kansas; no skulls have been found yet. It was named by paleontologist Othniel C. Marsh in 1889.

*Nodosaurus* was about 13 to 20 ft (4-6 m) long. It was an ornithischian (bird-hipped) dinosaur with bony dermal plates covering the top of its body. It had four short legs, five-toed feet, a short neck, and a long, clubless tail. The nodosaurids had no tail club; it is not known how they defended themselves.
Galvanizing

**Galvanizing** is the coating of a metal with a more  metal to stop corrosion. Normally zinc is used to coat iron. The zinc coating corrodes instead of the iron, stopping the iron from corroding. Even if the zinc is scratched, it does not corrode. Metal corrodes after the paint is scratched. The zinc eventually corrodes all the way and then the iron starts corroding.

Galvanizing can happen in two ways. There is hot dip galvanising, where the object is dipped in a pool of liquid zinc. This makes a thicker coating that lasts a long time. It does not have a shiny clean surface, though, so some people would not like it as much.

There is also electro-galvanizing. This is the electroplating of zinc onto an object. It is shiny but thinner, so it does not last as long.

## Note
## Related pages
*Electrolysis
Jacob Epstein

]]
* (1944/5) Birmingham Art Museum and Gallery]]
, London]]
 Headquarters, Broadway, London. Modernist sculpture, considered shocking at the time.]]
**Sir Jacob Epstein** KBE (10 November 1880 – 19 August 1959) was an American-born British sculptor, a pioneer of modern sculpture. He was born in the United States, and moved to Europe in 1902, becoming a British citizen in 1911. He often produced controversial works which challenged taboos on what was appropriate subject matter. His portrait heads were traditional, but much of his other work was modernist. He also made paintings and drawings, and often exhibited his work.

The sculptures *Ecce Homo* (Old Coventry Cathedral) and *Rock Drill* (1913–1914, Museum of Modern Art, New York City), are famous and important, but we have no images of them. On view in the Strand, London near Trafalgar Square, are his sculptures for Zimbabwe House. There are a number of his busts (sculptures of heads) in the National Portrait Gallery, also near Trafalgar Square.

## References 
* Gilboa, Raquel 2009. *...And there was sculpture; Epstein's formative years (1880-1930)*, Lonodn, 2009
* Silber, Evelyn 1984. *The sculpture of Epstein'', London, 1984
National Institutes of Health

The National Institutes of Health (NIH) is part of the United States Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). It is their agency for research. There are 27 separate institutes and offices. Each of them have separate areas of health which they research. Most of them are located in Bethesda, Maryland. The NIH made vaccines against hepatitis, Haemophilus influenzae (HIB) and human papillomavirus. The current Director of the NIH is Francis Collins since 2009.

## Philanthropic Initiatives 
The NIH hosts a number of philanthropic programs aimed at encouraging youth participation in science. For example, the NIH's NEI hosts the Eye on the Future video contest, which recognizes young scientists like Thuy-Tien Tran, Celia Cooley, and Mark Leschinsky.

## Related pages
*PubChem

## References
## Other websites
*Official website
Patriot Act

The **Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Act of 2001**, also known as the **USA Patriot Act** is an anti-terrorism law. It was proposed by the Bush Administration soon after the September 11 attacks.  At that time, President Bush had very high approval ratings and it was clear that most Americans wanted him to do something to stop more terrorism.  The bill passed quickly in Congress, mostly before it had even been fully read.  The act made it much easier to control money terrorists had in bank accounts.  It also made it easier for the government to access people's library and phone records.  The act was criticized by many organizations, particularly the American Civil Liberties Union, for being a threat to Americans' civil liberties and rights.

## References
Trevor Johansen

**Trevor Daniel Johansen** (born March 30, 1957 in Thunder Bay, Ontario) is a retired professional ice hockey player who played 286 games in the National Hockey League. Johanssen was drafted with the 12th overall pick in the 1977 NHL Entry Draft by the Toronto Maple Leafs. In addition the Maple Leafs he also spent time with the Colorado Rockies, and Los Angeles Kings.

## Other websites 
*
Los Angeles Times

The **Los Angeles Times** is a newspaper. It is the second largest newspaper in the United States. It is published in Los Angeles, California. It is the fourth most popular newspaper in the United States. It was created in 1881.
James Jarvis

**James "Jim, Bud" Jarvis** (December 7, 1907 – May 7, 1983) was a Canadian professional ice hockey left winger who played three seasons in the National Hockey League (NHL). His time in the NHL included playing for the Pittsburgh Pirates, Philadelphia Quakers and Toronto Maple Leafs. He was born in Fort William, Ontario.

## Other websites
*
Gangue

**Gangue** is the worthless substance that is left behind when minerals are processed. 

When minerals are collected, the ore that is wanted is found only in small amounts. Flotation is used to concentrate the ore. The ore floats while the gangue sinks to the bottom. Sometimes minerals thought of as gangue are later recovered and used.
Arctic willow

The **arctic willow** (**salix arctica**) is a kind of willow plant. It grows to less than 6 inches tall. The leaves are pale green with white hairs on top.

## Other websites 
*
*Jepson Manual – *Salix arctica*
Hesperornithoides

***Hesperornithoides*** is a troodontid theropod dinosaur from the Upper Jurassic Morrison Formation of western North America. 

## Discovery
The fossil was found in Wyoming, as the site was carefully documented by the collectors.

## Classification
A phylogenetic analysis was presented in an abstract in the *Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology* in 2005. The analysis decided the specimen was a close relative of *Sinornithoides*.

## Significance
This dinosaur is very significant because it is the oldest known troodontid from North America. Until the discovery of Lori, troodontids were believed to have first originated and evolved in Asia and then migrated to North America. Most troodontids were discovered in Asia, and the previously oldest known troodontids, from the Lower Cretaceous, lived there. 

## References
Flotation

**Flotation** is a process where gas bubbles are injected at the bottom of a tank containing a mixture of a liquid and solid particles to separate the solid particles from the liquid. When the gas bubbles move along the liquid mixture, the solids particles stick to the surface of the bubbles. The bubbles form a foam at the surface of the liquid: this foam contains the solid particles, so after the flotation process the solids can be removed just cleaning the liquid from this foam.

## Uses 
Flotation is used to separate sulfide ores from the impurities in the ore (gangue). A detergent is added to the mixture and it is stirred. The sulfide minerals float, while the gangue sinks to the bottom and is removed. This is used in making zinc, where zinc sulfide (sphalerite) is a major zinc ore.
Panoplosaurus

***Panoplosaurus*** was an armored tank-like dinosaur from the Upper Cretaceous, living about 76&ndash;73 million years ago. 

*Panoplosaurus* was a herbivore (a plant-eater). It ate low-lying plants, like ferns and cycads. This nodosaurid ankylosaur (with no tail club) was about 23 ft (7 m) long and weighed about 3.5 tons. It had a bulky body, four short legs, a short neck, and a stiff tail.
Jason Jaspers

**Jason Matthew Jaspers** (born April 8, 1981 in Thunder Bay, Ontario), is a Canadian professional ice hockey centre who is currently playing for Kölner Haie (the Cologne Sharks) of the Deutsche Eishockey Liga.

## Playin career
Jaspers was drafted 71st overall by the Phoenix Coyotes in the 1999 NHL Entry Draft. He was  from the Sudbury Wolves of the Ontario Hockey League.  Jaspers made his professional start in the 2001–02 season with the Coyotes affiliate the Springfield Falcons of the American Hockey League. Jaspers made his National Hockey League (NHL) start in the same season, after he received his first NHL assignment on January 20, 2002.

Jaspers then spent the next four years primarily with the Falcons of the American Hockey League. Unable to make the NHL regularly he was traded by the Coyotes to the Tampa Bay Lightning for Jarrod Skalde on July 25, 2005. Jason however, never played a game with the Lightning, playing for their affiliate coincidentally still the Springfield Falcons.

Jaspers finally left the Falcons, ranking second in all-time appearances, in the 2006–07 season when he signed with German team Adler Mannheim, on July 6, 2006. After three years with Adler Mannheim signed on 6 April 2009 with Kölner Haie.

## Personal life 
In July 2008 Jason married his highschool sweetheart, Morgan McKee. Morgan is from Sudbury, Ontario where Jason played junior hockey for the Sudbury Wolves. Currently they have no children and live in Germany.

## Awards and achievements
*1999–00 OHL  Plus/minus Award
*1999–00 OHL  Second All-Star Team

## Career statistics
## References
## Other websites
*
Polacanthus

***Polacanthus*** was an armoured, spiked, plant-eating dinosaur from the Lower Cretaceous, about 132 to 100 million years ago. *Polacanthus* means "many spines."

Some paleontologists think that *Polacanthus* is the same genus as *Hylaeosaurus*. Fossils of this ankylosaurid have been found in England.

## Description 
*Polacanthus* was about 12 feet (4&nbsp;m) long and about 4.8 feet (1.5 m) tall. It was a bulky quadruped that relied on its many rows of bony spikes for protection. No head is known for this genus.
Earl Warren

**Earl Warren** (March 19, 1891 – July 9, 1974)  was an American lawyer, judge and politician. He served as Governor of California from 1943 to 1953. Warren ran for Vice-President in 1948 as a Republican, but lost to Alben W. Barkley in a close election.

Warren was born in Los Angeles and grew up in Bakersfield before moving to Oakland. He served in World War I. 

In 1925, he became District Attorney of Alameda County, and later Attorney General of California. In 1953, he became Chief Justice of the United States.  

He was Chief Justice when the Supreme Court issued *Brown v. Board of Education* and *Miranda v. Arizona*. These two cases were very important civil rights cases in the United States.  Warren was also in control of the Warren Commission. It looked into a possible conspiracy in the killing of President Kennedy.  Warren retired from the Court in 1969, and died in Washington, D.C., in 1974.
Bill Johansen

**William Odd "Red" Johansen** (July 27, 1928 – March 21, 2001) was a Canadian professional ice hockey centre. The high point of his career was one game played in the National Hockey League for the Toronto Maple Leafs. He was born in Oslo, Norway, and he grew up in Port Arthur, Ontario.

## Other websites
*
J. Bob Kelly

**John Robert "Battleship" Kelly** (born June 6, 1946) is a Canadian retired professional ice hockey player who played 425 games in the National Hockey League. He played for the St. Louis Blues, Pittsburgh Penguins, and Chicago Black Hawks. Although official NHL records call him *Bob Kelly* he was commonly known during his NHL playing career as **J. Bob Kelly**, in an effort to differentiate himself from the Bob Kelly who played primarily with the Philadelphia Flyers at that time.

## Career statistics
## References
*
*

## Other websites 
*
Myelin

**Myelin** is a substance that forms the coating of axons in the brain and the rest of the central nervous system. This coating is also known as the **myelin sheath**. It is a substance made of about 80% lipid and 20% protein. Its main function is to speed the relay of electricity messages in the nervous system. It is milky white and slippery in appearance and texture, giving rise to the term *white matter* in the brain.

Myelin is an important part of proper neural function. In later life, a process called **demyelination** can occur, causing poor neural function. Demyelination may be a cause of Alzheimer's disease. Multiple sclerosis happens when myelin is damaged.
Dick Kotanen

**Dick Kotanen**  (born **Eino Richard Erwin Kotanen**; November 18, 1925 – September 11, 2011) was a Canadian professional ice hockey defenceman who played in one National Hockey League game for the New York Rangers during the 1950–51 NHL season. Kotanen died on November 9th 2011. 

## References
## Other websites
*
Scott King

**Scott Glenndale Martin King** (born June 25, 1967 in Thunder Bay, Ontario) is a Canadian retired professional ice hockey goaltender. He played in two National Hockey League games for the Detroit Red Wings. He was drafted 10th (190th overall) in the 1986 NHL Entry Draft.

## Awards
*Named to **BCJHL Coastal Division First All-Star Team**: 1985
*Named to **Hockey East First All-Star Team**: 1988, 1990
*Named to **Hockey East Second All-Star Team**: 1989
*Named to **ECHL Second All-Star Team**: 1993
***Riley Cup Champion**: (Toledo Storm – 1993)

## Career statistics
### Regular season
### Post season
## References
## Other websites
*
*King's Bio on Detroit Red Wings.com
London Zoo

**London Zoo** is the world's oldest scientific zoo. It was opened in London on 27 April 1828, and was originally intended to be used as a collection for scientific study. It was eventually opened to the public in 1847.

It is managed by the **Zoological Society of London** (**ZSL**), established in 1826. The Society also has a larger site at ZSL Whipsnade Zoo in Bedfordshire to which the larger animals such as elephants and rhinos have been moved.
As well as being the first scientific zoo, ZSL London Zoo also opened the first Reptile house (1849), first public Aquarium (1853), first insect house (1881) and the first children's zoo (1938).

ZSL receives no state funding and relies on 'Fellows', 'Friends', 'Members', entrance fees and sponsorship to get income.

However, the ZSL's nearby *Institute of Zoology* may get public grants as a scientific institution. It has an international reputation in bioconservation.

## References
Ramon Sessions

]]

**Ramon Sessions** (born April 11, 1986) is a professional basketball player for the Los Angeles Lakers of the National Basketball Association (NBA). He played college basketball at the University of Nevada for three years before entering the 2007 NBA Draft. The Milwaukee Bucks chose him with the 56the pick of the draft.

On April 14, 2008, Sessions scored 20 points and had 24 assists in a game against the Chicago Bulls. Although the Bucks lost this game to the Bucks, Sessions set a Bucks record for the most assists by one player in a game.

In September 2009, Sessions signed a contract to join the Minnesota Timberwolves. The Timberwolves traded him to the Cleveland Cavaliers in July 2010. Sessions was then traded to the Los Angeles Lakers in March 2012.

## References
Volkswagen Polo Mk4

The **Volkswagen Polo Mk4** is the fourth generation of the small car Volkswagen Polo. It replaced the Mk3 in early 2002 and featured twin round headlights which remained until its facelift in mid-2005 and in late 2009 was replaced by the Mk5. The platform of the Mk4 Polo was also used for the SEAT Ibiza, the SEAT Córdoba and the Škoda Fabia.

## Engines 
* *1.2* 40 kW (54 hp) and 44 kW (60 hp)
* *1.2 12V* 47 kW (64 hp) and 51 kW (69 hp)
* *1.4 16V* 55 kW (75 hp), 59 kW (80 hp) and 74 kW (101 hp)
* *1.4 FSI* 63 kW (86 hp)
* *1.6 16V* 77 kW (105 hp)
* *1.8T GTI* 110 kW (150 hp)
* *1.8T GTI Cup Edition* 132 kW (180 hp)
* *1.4 TDI* 51 kW (70 hp), 55 kW (75 hp) and 59 kW (80 hp)
* *1.9 SDI* 47 kW (64 hp)
* *1.9 TDI* 74 kW (101 hp) and 96 kW (130 hp)
Chemical composition

**Chemical composition** is the arrangement, type, and ratio of atoms in molecules of chemical substances. Chemical composition varies when chemicals are added or subtracted from a substance, when the ratio of substances changes, or when other chemical changes occur in chemicals. Chemical formulas show this information.

The chemical composition of a substance determines the intramolecular forces and properties of the substance.  This means that the way atoms are put together in something determines the color, density, strength, texture and other properties of the thing.  Chemists can use tests to learn the chemical composition of a substance, including a pH test, flammability test, heavy metal test etc. 

A particular chemical has a particular ratio of its atoms, allowed by their valence (chemistry). An example is Hydrogen Fluoride, or HF, which has 1 Hydrogen atom in ratio to every 1 Fluorine atom.  This substance has strong intramolecular forces of attraction because it is a hydrogen bond.
Volkswagen Polo Mk5

The '**Volkswagen Polo Mk5** is the fifth generation of the small car Volkswagen Polo. It succeeded the Mk4 in 2009. The platform of the Mk5 Polo was also used for the Audi A1 and the SEAT Ibiza. It was facelifted in 2014.

## Engines 
* *1.2 12V* 44 kW (60 hp) and 51 kW (70 hp)
* *1.2 TSI* 77 kW (105 hp)
* *1.4 16V* 63 kW (86 hp)
* *1.4 GTI* 132 kW (180 hp)
* *1.2 TDI* 55 kW (75 hp)
* *1.6 TDI* 55 kW (75 hp), 66 kW (90 hp) and 77 kW (105 hp)
Progressivism

__FORCETOC__
 of progress|thumb|upright=1.3]]

The idea of **progress** is the belief that human society gets better and better over time. **Progressivism** is a kind of politics based on social progress. It is also a . Progress started being supported by many philosophers in the Age of Enlightenment. They believed that new inventions and scientific discoveries would make people's lives better.

Progressivism often supports reforms and change. It is related to liberalism and egalitarianism.

## Politics 
Progressive politics generally wants to change government in a new way. Unlike conservatism which wants to keep government similar. It most often refers to a political movement in the United States in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, called the Progressive Era.  In the United States, these people wanted to change politics, which was at that time run by big business and corrupt political machines. Most of the people who believed in the Progressive Movement were part of the middle class. Some of the leaders of the progressive movement were Theodore Roosevelt, Hiram Johnson , William Howard Taft, Robert M. La Follette, Sr., Franklin D. Roosevelt, Howard Dean and Bernie Sanders.

In the modern day, Progressivism is used as another word for Left-wing politics.

## References 
## Related pages 
* Liberalism
* Optimism
* Socialism
Edgar Laprade

**Edgar Louis "Beaver" Laprade** (October 10, 1919 – April 28, 2014) was a Canadian professional ice hockey centre who played for the New York Rangers in the National Hockey League (NHL). He also spent time with the Port Arthur Bearcats of the Thunder Bay Senior Hockey League.

Born in Mine Centre, Ontario, Edgar was one of Canada's top senior hockey players before joining the NHL.  He helped the Bearcats win the 1940 Allan Cup, before joining the Rangers in 1945. While with the Rangers, he would win the 1946 Calder Memorial Trophy and the 1950 Lady Byng Memorial Trophy.  He was inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame in 1993.

Laprade died at the age of 94 in Thunder Bay, Ontario from natural causes.

## References
## Other websites
* 
* 
*
National Recovery Administration

The **National Recovery Administration** (**NRA**) was an agency in the Federal government of the United States in the 1930s, during the New Deal.  It was formed by the National Recovery Act during the first "Hundred Days" of President Franklin D. Roosevelt.  It regulated the economy.  It was the first agencies that could control minimum wages.  It was headed by Hugh S. Johnson, a former general.  The NRA lasted until 1935, when the United States Supreme Court said it was unconstitutional. 

## References
Henry Moore

** Henry Spencer Moore** OM CH FBA (30 July 1898 – 31 August 1986) was an English sculptor and artist in the modern art genre. He was best known for his abstract monumental sculptures, which are public works of art in many places around the world.

His forms are usually abstractions of the human figure, typically mother-and-child or reclining figures. Moore's works usually suggest the female body, apart from a phase in the 1950s when he did family groups. His forms are generally pierced or have hollow spaces. Some think the undulating form of his reclining figures reflect the landscape and hills of his birthplace, Yorkshire.

Moore was born in Castleford, the son of a mining engineer. He became known for his larger-scale abstract cast bronze and carved marble sculptures. His large-scale commissions made him exceptionally rich. Yet he lived carefully and most of the money he earned went towards endowing the Henry Moore Foundation. This supports education and promotion of the arts.

He did some work in architecture. in 1955 Moore did his only work in carved brick, "Wall Relief" at the Bouwcentrum in Rotterdam. The brick relief was sculpted with 16,000 bricks by two Dutch bricklayers under Moore's supervision.
]]

's Henry Moore collection is the largest public collection of his works in the world.]]

## Gallery 

File:HenryMoore WestWind.jpg|*West Wind* (1928) Portland stone, 55 Broadway, London
File:Henry Moore, Family Group (1950).jpg|*Family Group* (1950) bronze, Barclay School, Stevenage
File:HenryMoore RecliningFigure 1951.jpg|*Reclining Figure* (1951) painted plaster, Fitzwilliam Museum, Cambridge
File:Moore ThreePieceRecliningFigureNo1 1961.jpg|*Three Piece Reclining Figure No. 1* (1961) bronze,  Yorkshire sculpture park
File:Henry.moore.locking.piece.arp.500pix.jpg|*Locking Piece* (1963) bronze, on the bank of the River Thames, London
File:Henry Moore 2 piece reclining figure 5.jpeg|*Two Piece Reclining Figure No. 5*  (1963-64) bronze, Kenwood House, London
File:HenryMooreTorontoCH1.jpg|*Three Way Piece No. 2 (The Archer)* (1964-65) Toronto City Hall Plaza
File:Henry moore hill arches at the NGA.JPG|*Hill Arches* (1972-73) bronze, National Gallery of Australia
File:Moor, three piece sculpture vertebrae ,1968-1969.jpg|*Three Forms: Vertebrae* (1968-69), at the Israel Museum in Jerusalem.
File:HdKdW1.jpg|Kongreßhalle in Berlin with *Large Divided Oval: Butterfly* (1985?)
File:Skulpture John-Foster-Dulles-Allee 10 (Tierg) Large Butterfly Henry Moore 1986.jpg|"*Large Butterfly*", 1986, John-Foster-Dulles-Allee 10, Berlin-Tiergarten, Germany
File:Stuttgart-henry-moore-liegende.jpg|*Die Liegende* in Stuttgart Staatsgalerie
File:Henry Moore, Tel aviv.JPG|Sculpture in front oh the Tel Aviv Museum of Art
File:Muenster_Moore_Large_Vertebrae_7354.jpg|*Large Vertebrae (Wirbel)* 1967/68 -  Münster, Germany Himmelreichallee

## References
Works Progress Administration

to promote children's libraries]]
The **Works Progress Administration** (or **WPA**) was an agency in the United States during the New Deal.  It was formed in 1935, during the "Second New Deal".  It employed more workers than any government agency had before.  It built thousands of roads, schools, and government buildings.  Part of it was the **Federal Art Project**, which created, such as murals by Diego Rivera and the play *The Cradle Will Rock*.  The agency was led by Harry Hopkins.  It lasted until World War II. This program gave millions of people jobs during the great depression.
Niigata Prefecture

is a prefecture in the Chūbu region of Japan on the island of Honshū. The capital city is Niigata.

## History 
Until after the Meiji Restoration, the area that is now Niigata Prefecture was divided into Echigo Province and Sado Province.  

## Geography 
Niigata is next to Yamagata Prefecture, Toyama Prefecture, Nagano Prefecture, Gunma Prefecture and Fukushima prefecture. 

Niigata is the fifth largest prefecture in Japan by area.

In winter, it snows a lot in Niigata, and winter sports are popular.

### National Parks
National Parks are established in about 25% of the total land area of the prefecture. including 
* Bandai-Asahi National Park

## Shrines and Temples
*Yahiko-jinja*, *Kota-jinja*, *Amatsu-jinja* and *Watatsu-jinja* are the chief Shinto shrines (*ichinomiya*) in the prefecture.  

## Related pages
* Provinces of Japan
* Prefectures of Japan
* List of regions of Japan
* List of islands of Japan
* Albirex Niigata

## References
## Other websites 
* Niigata Prefecture website
Gloria Steinem

**Gloria Marie Steinem** (born March 25, 1934) is an American radical feminist and writer. She founded *Ms.* magazine, and also wrote for several other magazines. Steinem is Jewish and is from Toledo, Ohio.

Steinem started the Women's Media Centre with Jane Fonda and Robin Morgan in 2005. 

In 2013 she was given the Presidential Medal of Freedom by Barack Obama for her support of abortion rights.

## Personal life
Steinem was married to David Bale (1941–2003) from September 3, 2000 until his death.

## References
## Other websites 
*Official website
American crocodile

The **American crocodile** is a species of crocodile that lives in the Americas. They usually move from the southern United States to the northern South America. Its scientific name, *Crocodylus acutus*, means "Pointy-snouted crocodile". It is because of the shape of its snout.

## Characteristics
The American crocodile is a species of a crocodile with a high adult survival rate. The American crocodiles can live for a long time. Like all crocodiles, the American crocodile has four short legs; a long, powerful tail; and scaly skin.

The nostrils, eyes, and ears are on the top of its head, so the rest of the body can be hidden underwater for surprise attacks.  

Camouflage also helps it catch food. The snout is longer and narrower than that of the American alligator. American crocodiles are paler and more grayish than the dark-hued American alligator. The American crocodile crawls on its belly. It can also "high walk". Big ones can run as fast as nearly 16 km/h (10 mph). They can swim at as fast as 32 km/h (20 mph).

The average length for adult in the continental rivers can be 2.9 to 4 m (9 ft 6 in to 13 ft 1 in) long. Males weigh up to 382 kg (842 lb). Females can be 2.5 to 3 m (8 ft 2 in to 9 ft 10 in) and weigh up to 173 kg (381 lb).

## Biology and behavior
American crocodiles are more vulnerable to cold weather than American alligators. While an American crocodile cannot survive in water temperatures of 7.2 °C (45.0 °F) and below. American crocodiles will lose consciousness and drown due to hypothermia in that temperature. American crocodiles have a faster growth rate than alligators.
### Feeding
American crocodiles feed mostly on fish, but big ones may prey on bigger animals, such as deer.

American crocodiles are a somewhat aggressive crocodile species and have been known to attack humans. Attacks on humans are rare, but happen more often in Mexico.

## Distribution
The American crocodile's range in southern Florida overlaps with that of the closely related American alligator. However, while the American alligator's range stretches as far north as Virginia, the American crocodile's range in the United States is confined to southern Florida.  

This is because alligators are much better at tolerating cold weather than crocodiles. The body temperature of alligators has been known to drop to 38 degrees Fahrenheit without any harm at all to the alligator. However, the American crocodile is better at tolerating saltwater than the alligator. American crocodiles have regularly been sighted 140 miles away from shore in the Caribbean Sea.

## References
Crystal Castles (album)

***Crystal Castles*** is the first studio album by Toronto-based duo Crystal Castles. The album was selected for the *NME* magazine's list of the 50 greatest albums of the decade, and gained #39.

## Track listing
## Personnel
* Alice Glass (Vocals/Lyrics)
* Ethan Kath (Music/Samples/Production)
* Matthew von Wagner (Vocal Production for 3 tracks: "Alice Practice", "Love and Caring", "Xxzxcuzx Me")
Reactivity

**Reactivity** has several meanings:
* Reactivity (chemistry), how quickly a chemical reaction happens in a given substance
* Reactive programming, a property of an execution model
* Reactivity (psychology), when a person changes their behaviour after becoming aware that they are being observed
* Nuclear chain reaction, a process in nuclear physics
Betty Friedan

**Betty Friedan** ( February 4, 1921 – February 4, 2006) was an American writer, activist and feminist.  She wrote the book *The Feminine Mystique* in 1963. She argued in the book that there was more to life for women than the achievements of their husbands and children. In an interview for Life magazine in 1963 she said "Women of the world unite! You have nothing to lose but your vacuum cleaner!"  In 1981 *The Second Stage* was published. In the book Friedan said that the women's movement had reached its second stage.

## Personal life
Friedan married Carl Friedan in 1947. Friedan died on her 85th birthday.

## References
Brendon Small

**Brendon Small** (born February 15, 1975 in Springfield, Illinois) is an American sitcom writer/producer, actor, voice actor, composer, and musician. He is best known as the maker of the cartoon series *Home Movies* and *Metalocalypse*.
Dethklok (band)

**Dethklok** is a band created by Brendon Small and Tommy Blacha. There are two bands called Dethklok: a fictional one in the television series Metalocalypse, and one formed to play the fictional one's songs.

To date, the real band has released four albums, *The Dethalbum*, *The Dethalbum II*, *Dethalbum III*, and *The Dethalbum IV*.

## Actual band members
 performing live.]]
;Studio members
* Brendon Small – vocals, guitar, electric bass, keyboards
* Gene Hoglan – drums (2007–present)
;Live members
* Brendon Small – vocals, guitar
* Gene Hoglan – drums (2007–present)
* Mike Keneally – guitar, backing vocals (2007–present)
* Bryan Beller – bass, backing vocals (2007–present)

## Discography
### Studio albums
* *The Dethalbum* (2007)
* *Dethalbum II* (2009)
* *Dethalbum III* (2012)
* *Dethalbum IV* (2023)

### Music videos
## References
## Other websites
* Dethklok on Facebook
* Official Myspace
* Dethklok on Encyclopaedia Metallum
Geelong Football Club

The **Geelong Football Club**, the Cats, is an Australian Rules Football team that plays in the Australian Football League. The club is based in the city of Geelong, Victoria. The club started in July 1859, and had played continuously since then, which makes it the second oldest club in any code, in the world. The club was an original member of the Victorian Football Association which formed in 1877. It left the association with a number of other clubs to form the Victorian Football League in 1897. It is now a member of the Australian Football League.

## Club song

*We are Geelong, the greatest team of all*
''We are Geelong, we're always on the ball*
*We play the game as it should be played*
*At home or far away*
*Our banners fly high, from dawn to dark*
*Down at Kardinia Park*
*So! Stand up and fight, remember our tradition*
*Stand up and fight, it's always our ambition*
*Throughout the game to fight with all our might*
*Because we're the mighty blue and white
*And when the ball is bounced, to the final bell*
*Stand up and fight like hell.*

## References
## Other websites
* The Geelong Football Club website
Crystal Castles

**Crystal Castles** was an experimental electronic music duo from Toronto, Canada. It was made up of producer Ethan Kath and vocalist Alice Glass. The band has released three albums, all named *Crystal Castles*, in 2008, 2010, and 2012. Their first album made the *NME* list of the 50 greatest albums of the decade, placing at #39.

## Break up and allegations
On October 24, 2017, Glass said that when she was in the band, Kath had abused her. Kath has denied this. On December 21, 2017, Toronto Police Service said there was an open Sex Crimes unit investigation on Kath. Glass and four other women would later say that Kath had sexually abused them when they were teenagers and he was in his twenties.

Glass said that she hated her time in the band and asked fans to not continue supporting it.

## Members
*Ethan Kath – instruments, production (2003–2017)
*Alice Glass – vocals (2004–2014)

Additional live members:
*Christopher Chartrand – drums (2008–2017)

### Former live members
Past spare live members:
*Cameron Findlay – drums (2007–2008, currently playing in Parallels)
*Mike Bell – drums (2008–2009, currently playing in Lymbyc Systym)
*"Yes" Tom Cullen – drums (February 2008, currently dj-ing as Yes!Tom)

## Discography
**Crystal Castles* (2008)
**Crystal Castles II* (2010)
* *Crystal Castles III* (2012)
**Amnesty (I)* (2016)

## Videography
*"Magic Spells" (2008) (directed by Video Marsh)
*"Courtship Dating" (2008) (directed by Marc Pannozzo)
*"Celestica" (2010) (directed by Rob Hawkins)
*"Baptism" (2010) link (directed by Rob Hawkins)

## References
## Other websites 
* 
* 
* 
* 
*
Volvo B10BLE

The **Volvo B10BLE** is a single-decker chassis of a bus. It has a low-floor. It was made from 1993 to 2004 by Volvo.

The name B10BLE stands for:
***B** - Bus
***10** - 10 (9.6) litre engine
***B** - Back/Rear mounted engine
***LE** - Low-entry

## Operators
### Australia
In Australia, Sydney Buses ordered 125, Westbus ordered 41 and Grenda Corporation ordered 16.

### Europe
In mainland Europe, B10BLEs were bodied by Säffle, Aabenraa and Carrus.

### Singapore
In Singapore, all SBS Transit B10BLEs were bodied by Volgren.

### United Kingdom
In the United Kingdom, many of the B10BLEs had Wright Renown bodywork, and a small number had Alexander ALX300 bodywork. The Plaxton Prestige also had the Volvo chassis but not many of these were built.

## Gallery

File:MO3970-461.jpg|Sydney Buses Ansair bodied B10BLE
File:Volvo B10BLE SBS Transit SBS2998J.jpg|SBS Transit Volgren bodied CNG powered B10BLE at the old Boon Lay Bus Interchange in Singapore in May 2006
File:First Hampshire & Dorset 66127 S117 JTP.JPG|First Hampshire & Dorset Wright Renown bodied B10BLE in Southampton in May 2009

## References
## Other websites