open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Distrito Nacional

The **Distrito Nacional** is a subdivision of the Dominican Republic enclosing the capital Santo Domingo, so it is not in any of the provinces. It is a municipality but, in some aspects, it is like a province; for example, it elects one senator to the congress.

Before 16 October 2001, the Distrito Nacional was much larger, including what is now the Santo Domingo Province.

## Location
The Distrito Nacional ("National District") is in the south coast of the country. It has the Santo Domingo province to the north, east and west, and the Caribbean Sea to the south.

## History
The Distrito Nacional was created by the Dominican constitution of 1844 as a province: the *Santo Domingo* province (different from the modern province of the same name). It had the municipalities of Santo Domingo, Baní, San Cristóbal, San José de Los Llanos, Monte Plata, Bayaguana and Boyá.

In 1932, its name was changed to *Provincia Nacional* and all municipalities that were to the north of the Isabela and Ozama rivers became part of the San Cristóbal province.

In 1934, the name was changed to *Distrito Nacional* and, instead of a province, it became like a municipality. The name was changed again to *Distrito de Santo Domingo* but the 1955 constitution changed it back to *Distrito Nacional*.

## Population
In  (last national census), there were  people living in the Distrito Nacional, second only to the Santo Domingo province. The population density was  persons/km², the highest density in the country.

Its population represents  of the total population of the country and the province is ranked as the 2nd (out of 31 plus the National District) more populated administrative division.

, the total estimated propulation of the province is 1,015,150 inhabitants.

## Geography
The Distrito Nacional is a single municipality, with a total area of . It has  of the area of the Dominican Republic and it is ranked as the 32nd, the smallest administrative division of the country.

## Geography
The two important rivers in the Distrito Nacional are Ozama and Isabela. The river Ozama is the eastern limit of the Distrito Nacional and separates it from Santo Domingo Este, head municipality of the Santo Domingo province. The river Isabela, a tributary of the Ozama, is the northern limit of the Distrito Nacional and separates it from Santo Domingo Norte.

### Climate
The climate of the province is a tropical climate, warm during the whole year.

## References
Aulnay-sous-Bois

**Aulnay-sous-Bois** is a town and commune in the northeast suburb of Paris, France. It is in the Île-de-France region and the Seine-Saint-Denis department. About 80,000 people lived there in  1999. The people who live there are called the *Aulnaysiens*.

In October and November 2005, it was badly affected by riots.
Jamie Noble

**James Gibson** (born December 23, 1976) better known by his ring name **Jamie Noble**, is an American professional wrestler. He is best known for his time wrestling with World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE) and as a road agent/producer to SmackDown's cruiserweight division. He is also known for his appearances with Ring of Honor, where he won the World Championship, and World Championship Wrestling in its cruiserweight division and is a one time Cruiserweight Champion.

## References 
## Other websites
*
I Don't Care (Fall Out Boy song)

'''"I Don't Care"'* is a song by American rock band Fall Out Boy and the lead single from their fifth studio album *Folie à Deux* in 2008. It reached No. 21 on the US *Billboard'' Hot 100 songs chart and has sold over 1 million copies in the US.
Paul London

**Paul Sanchez-Garcia London** (born April 16, 1980) is an American professional wrestler. He was formally signed to World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE) performing on its Raw brand.

After being trained at the Texas Wrestling Academy, London began competing for Ring of Honor, where although he never won a title, began popular amongst the fans due to his high risk offensive moves. He later competed for Total Nonstop Action Wrestling, Pro Wrestling ZERO-ONE, and various independent promotions, winning numerous championships and won the ECWA Super 8 Tournament in 2003.

London made his debut in WWE in late 2003, and immediately began teaming with fellow cruiserweight Spanky, (Brian Kendrick). After Kendrick briefly left WWE, London formed a tag team with Billy Kidman, and together they won the WWE Tag Team Championship. After their split, London began competing in the cruiserweight division, and won the WWE Cruiserweight Championship. In late 2006, Kendrick returned, and the two reformed as a team. London and Kendrick were previously managed by WWE Diva, Ashley Massaro, who London has previously dated. The team split when Kendrick was drafted to the SmackDown brand in June 2008.

In WWE, London is a former WWE Cruiserweight Champion, World Tag Team Champion, and two-time WWE Tag Team Champion. During his second reign as WWE Tag Team champion, London and his partner, Brian Kendrick, became the longest reigning WWE Tag Team Champions since the title's creation.

He was released from his WWE contract in late 2008.

## References
Val Venis

**Sean Allen Morley** (born March 6, 1971), European Championship once and World Tag Team Championship once with Lance Storm. He played the character of an adult film star.

## Championships and accomplishments 
* **Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre**
**CMLL World Heavyweight Championship (1 time)
** International Gran Prix (1997)
* **Elite Xtreme Wrestling**
** EXW Tag Team Championship (1 time)  – with Dexter Verity
* **Heartland Wrestling Association**
** HWA Tag Team Championship (1 time) – with Steve Bradley
* **International Wrestling Association**
** IWA World Tag Team Championship (1 time) – with Ricky Santana
* ***Pro Wrestling Illustrated***
** Ranked #**25** in the top 500 singles wrestlers in the PWI 500 in 1999
** Ranked #**331** of the 500 best singles wrestlers of the PWI Years in 2003
* **World Wrestling Council**
** WWC Television Championship (4 times)
** WWC Caribbean Heavyweight Championship (1 time)
** WWC World Tag Team Championship (3 times) – with Glamour Boy Shane (2) and Rex King (1)
* **World Wrestling Federation / Entertainment**
** World Tag Team Championship (1 time) – with Lance Storm
** WWF European Championship (1 time)
** WWF Intercontinental Championship (2 times)

## References 
## Other websites
*
Joy Giovanni

**Joy Giovanni** (born January 20, 1978) is an American actress, glamour model, and former WWE Diva. She is best known for her time with World Wrestling Entertainment, where she worked on their *SmackDown!* brand.

## Personal life 
She has a son, who was born on October 20, 1998, and a daughter, who was born on November 19, 2000.

## References 
## Other websites
*
The Geysers

**The Geysers**, a geothermal power field of 72 miles (116&nbsp;km) north of San Francisco, California, is the largest geothermal development in the world. It produces over 750 MW.  The Geysers has 22 separate power plants that use steam from more than 350 producing wells.  The Calpine Corporation operates and owns 19 of the 22 facilities.

## History 
The Geysers was found by European Americans. It was named in 1847 by John Fremont during his research.

Between 1848 and 1854, Geysers worked as a spa complex *The Geysers Resort Hotel.* It was visited by such famous people as Ulysses S. Grant, Theodore Roosevelt and Mark Twain. But in 1938, the main building was destroyed in a landslide.

Five of the Geysers plants were destroyed in the Valley Fire of September 2015.

The Geysers Geothermal Power Development project was named as a California Historic Civil Engineering Landmark.

## Other geothermal power plants 
## References
Brother Bear 2

***Brother Bear 2*** is a 2006 American animated direct-to-video road movie and the sequel to the animated feature *Brother Bear*, which was released on August 29, 2006. Melissa Etheridge contributed three songs to the movie. In the movie, the adventures of bear brothers Kenai and Koda continue. While the first movie dealt with Kenai's relationship with Koda, this one focuses more on his bond with a young human of his past, Nita.

Only five of the original characters return for the sequel (excluding Denahi): Kenai, Koda, Rutt, Tuke, and Tug, as Jason Raize died on February 3, 2005. Only four of those actors came back to do their original roles: Jeremy Suarez, Rick Moranis, Dave Thomas, and Michael Clarke Duncan.

Producer Jim Ballantine was removed from the project and replaced with Carolyn Bates. Jason Marsden, as heard in the first trailer, was originally announced to voice Kenai, after being voiced by Joaquin Phoenix in the first film; Patrick Dempsey ultimately voiced the character. However, the end credits still note Marsden as one of the additional voices.

## Voice cast
* Patrick Dempsey as Kenai
* Mandy Moore as Nita
* Jeremy Suarez as Koda
* Rick Moranis as Rutt
* Dave Thomas as Tuke
* Andrea Martin as Anda
* Catherine O'Hara as Kata
* Wanda Sykes as Innoko
* Wendie Malick as Aunt Siqniq
* Kathy Najimy as Aunt Taqqiq
* Michael Clarke Duncan as Tug
* Jim Cummings as Bering / Chikoot
* Jack Weber as Young Kenai. (credited as additional voices)
* Jessie Flower as Young Nita. (credited as additional voices)
* Tress MacNeille as Hoonah. (credited as additional voices)
* Jeff Bennett as Atka. (credited as additional voices)

Additional voices were provided by Jason Marsden and Bobb'e J. Thompson.

## Reception
*Brother Bear 2* did better in critical response than *Brother Bear 1*, with a higher rating of 50% in Rotten Tomatoes, indicating mixed-to-positive reviews. The consensus is "the story seems lacking along with some annoying plot holes, but *Brother Bear 2* is a worth-watching fun family film that will entertain kids and adults along the way".

## Other websites
* Brother Bear 2 Official DVD xxxxxxxxxxincluding a sneak preview
* 
*
Wind power

]]

**Wind power** is the  of the energy in wind into a more useful form of energy, like electricity. It is a renewable source of energy that helps to cut down on the pollution of earth's air. 

Wind power capacity has expanded quickly to 336 GW in June 2014, and wind energy production was about 4% of total worldwide electricity usage, and growing fast. Wind power is widely used in European countries, and more recently in the United States and Asia. In 2012, wind power accounted for approximately 30% of electricity generation in Denmark, 20% in Portugal and 18% in Spain.

## How it works
Wind power stations use the wind to turn a turbine which turns a magnet inside a coil (a type of generator). The wind has kinetic energy (movement energy) which is changed into mechanical energy by the blades on the turbine. The turbine then turns a generator which creates electrical energy (voltage). The turbine is usually connected by a gearbox to help control the speed it turns the generator. 

## Advantages
Wind power stations are clean and renewable energy as they have the advantage over fossil fuel power stations as they do not produce any greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide or water vapour. They also do not produce for gases that helps to make acid rain such as sulphur dioxide. They also make the environment safer and less pollution is caused.

## Disadvantages  
Wind turbines have to be carefully placed. They must be in positions where there is a constant, steady supply of wind. In fact, the wind must not become too strong or it may damage the turbine. Because wind is uncontrollable, so is the amount of power that wind turbines will produce, making them a possibly unreliable source of energy.
Some people also consider wind turbines to be ugly and unsightly. Also, huge numbers of electricity pylons ("transmission towers") are built on land to carry the electricity to the electric company. These pylons in areas of natural beauty are a major reason for local people to object to wind farms and their consequences.

## Related pages
* List of large wind farms

## Gallery

File:Wind turbine at Nigg.jpg|REpower 5 MW wind turbine under construction at Nigg fabrication yard on the Cromarty Firth
File:London Array 02.jpg|The London Array under construction in 2009
Image:Wind power plants in Xinjiang, China.jpg|Wind farm in Xinjiang, China
File:Wind turbines, Wind power, Mirny, Crimea.jpg|Wind turbines in Crimea
File:Scrobysands04.11.2005.a.jpg|Scroby Sands wind farm from Great Yarmouth
File:Wind turbine blade transport I-35.jpg|A wind turbine blade on I-35 near Elm Mott, an increasingly common sight in Texas
Image:EnerconE70-Magedeburg 2005-Steinkopfinsel01.jpg|Erection of an Enercon E70-4 in Germany

## References 
## Other websites 
* The Climate Change Guide easy-to-understand information on Wind power.
Serbian dinar

.]]
**Dinar** () is the official currency in Serbia. Its denominations are 1 dinar, 2 dinars, 5 dinars, 10 dinars and 20 dinars (coins which are not used often anymore), and 10 dinars, 20 dinars, 50 dinars, 100 dinars, 200 dinars, 500 dinars, 1000 dinars, 2000 dinars and 5000 dinars (banknotes). Its code is RSD. This currency can be exchanged.
Youngstown, New York

**Youngstown** is a village of Niagara County in the state of New York in the United States. 1,859 people were living here as of 2020.

## References
Avenel, Victoria

**Avenel** is a small town in Victoria, Australia.  It is in the Shire of Strathbogie local government area. At the 2006 census, 728 people lived in Avenel. The town was built on the old Hume Highway. The new Hume Freeway now goes around the town. The town has sporting clubs for football, netball, tennis, cricket and lawn bowls. The town is about 15&nbsp;minutes north-east of Seymour along the Hume Highway.

Bushranger Ned Kelly lived in Avenel when he was young. He saved a boy from drowning in Hughes Creek and was given a green silk sash as a reward. He was wearing this sash under his armour when he was captured by the police after the Siege of Glenrowan. His brother and father are buried in the Avenel cemetery.

There is a railway station in Avenel which is on the main line between Melbourne and Albury.

## References
Greta, Victoria

**Greta** is a small town in Victoria, Australia. It is east of the city of Benalla. The local government that looks after Greta is the Rural City of Wangaratta. At the 2006 census, there were 231 people living in and around Greta.  
## History
The area had four villages, all of which were called Greta at some time. The first township known as Greta, on Fifteen Mile Creek, is now called Greta West.  The name is thought to come from Greta River in Cumberland, England.

After gold was found near Beechworth in 1852, roads to the gold diggings passed through the Greta area. At that time, there was a large swamp, which was later drained. The town site was laid out at Fifteen Mile Creek in 1852. During the 1860s the land was sold into small farm lots, used for cereals, cattle grazing, and dairying. At this time the township started with the Post Office opened on September 4, 1863. It closed in 1971, though post offices at Greta West and Greta South remained open until 1994.

In 1867 a Catholic school was started. By the 1880s there were 5 schools in the Greta area; Greta, Greta South, Greta West, Hansonville, and Fifteen Mile Creek. Today, only 2 of the 5 schools remain; Greta Valley and Fifteen Mile School Camp.

The nearby city of Benalla was joined to the railway in 1873. This meant that less people passed through Greta. It became mainly a farming area.

A Methodist church was started in 1878 and an Anglican church in 1890. A public hall was built in 1916.

## The Kelly family
Bushranger Ned Kelly's family lived on a small farm near Greta. It was in the small cottage at Greta that Constable Fitzpatrick tried to sexually assault Ned's sister, Kate Kelly. In the fight that followed, Fitzpatrick was injured. His mother, Ellen Kelly was put in gaol for 4 years for trying to murder Fitzpatrick. The police tried to arrest Ned and his brother Dan Kelly, but they had escaped into the bush. This was the start of the Kelly Gang.

After the siege at Glenrowan, Dan Kelly and Steve Hart, were buried in the Greta Cemetery. Ellen Kelly died at Greta in 1923, and is buried in the Greta Cemetery. Ned's younger brother, Jim Kelly, lived in the cottage at Greta until 1948. He is buried in the Greta Cemetery.

## The Town today
The town has a football team playing in the Ovens & King Football League.

## References
## Other websites
*Local History of Greta
Alan Ball Jr.

**Alan James Ball, Jr.**, MBE (12 May 1945 – 25 April 2007) was an English World Cup winning football player

## Career statistics 
### Club 
:A.&nbsp; The "Other" column constitutes appearances and goals in the Anglo-Scottish Cup, FA Charity Shield.

### International 
### Manager 
## Honours 
### As a player 
**Everton**
*Football League First Division: 1969–70
*FA Charity Shield: 1970
*FA Cup runner-up: 1967–68

**Arsenal**
*FA Cup runner-up: 1971–72

**Southampton**
*Football League Second Division runner-up: 1977–78
*Football League Cup runner-up: 1978–79

**Vancouver Whitecaps**
*North American Soccer League Soccer Bowl: 1979
*North American Soccer League National Conference Western Division: 1979

**England**
*FIFA World Cup: 1966

**Individual**
*Southampton Player of the Season: 1977–78

### As a manager 
**Individual**
*Premier League Manager of the Month: November 1995

## References
Lateral thinking

**Lateral thinking** is a term invented by Edward de Bono, a Maltese psychologist, physician and writer. It first appeared in the title of his book *The Use of Lateral Thinking*, published in 1967. De Bono explains lateral thinking as methods of thinking about changing concepts and perception. Lateral thinking is about reasoning that is not immediately obvious and about ideas that may not be obtainable by using only traditional step-by-step logic.
Period (physics)

A time period (denoted by '***T***'' ) is the time taken for one complete cycle of vibration to pass a given point. As the frequency of a wave increases, the time period of the wave decreases. The unit for time period is 'seconds'. *Frequency* and time *period* are in a reciprocal relationship that can be expressed mathematically as: **T = 1/f** or as: **f = 1/T**.

* Orbital period is the time for something to go round (orbit) something else.
* The period of a pendulum is the time it takes from one side to the other and back.
* An electron moving in a helical orbit that has an axis at right angles to the magnetic field has a period given by ***T=2πm/qB***, where m is the mass of the electron, q is the charge of the electron and B is the magnetic field in the region.

## Related pages
*Amplitude
*Damping
*Resonance
*Sine wave

## References
Edward de Bono

**Edward Charles Francis Publius de Bono** (19 May 1933 &ndash; 9 June 2021) was a Maltese physician, author, inventor and consultant.  He was best known because he invented the term lateral thinking (structured creativity). He is also very much in favour to explicitly teach thinking in schools.

## Ideas
Most of de Bono's writings are about using lateral thinking to solve problems. In his book *Po: Beyond Yes and No* (1973), de Bono describes what he calls an "**open block**". This is when people ignore certain things that may solve a problem, because they already have an idea of how the problem should be solved. They may therefore not recognise other solutions to the problem.  For example, if a person's car breaks down, the open block of being used to being in a car may cause them to wait for a taxi, ignoring buses passing by, without even reading the destinations.

In this book de Bono suggested a number of techniques for overcoming the open block. This includes going back and challenging assumptions, or generating new ideas for addressing problems. De Bono calls this a "**po**". A po is an idea that moves thinking forward to a new place from where new ideas or solutions may be found. Po can be taken to mean any of the following: **p**rovoking **o**peration, **p**rovocative **o**peration or **p**rovocation **o**peration.

## References
## Other websites
Quoll

**Quolls** (genus ***Dasyurus***) are carnivorous marsupials native to Australia and Papua New Guinea. There are six species of quoll, four in Australia and two in New Guinea. 

The name *dasyurus* means "hairy tail". Adults are between 25 and 75 cm long, with hairy tails about 20-35 cm long (about the size of a cat). Like all marsupials, females have a pouch to carry their babies.

Quolls are threatened by eating toxic cane toads, but a  University of Sydney project is teaching them not to eat the toads.

The family Dasyurini to which quolls belong also  includes the Tasmanian devil, antechinuses, the kowari, and  mulgaras.

There is at least one fossil species from the Pliocene, that is *D.  dunmalli*.

## References
Anesthesiologist

An **anesthesiologist** (also **anaesthesiologist**) is a doctor of medicine. An anesthesiologist (American English) or anaesthetist (British English) is a professional trained in anesthesia and perioperative medicine. Terminology varies between countries. The main jobs of an anesthesiologist are:
*Providing anesthesia to a patient undergoing surgery
*Intensive care medicine
*Medical emergency medicine
*Palliative care 
The first anesthesiologist was John Snow (18131858).
Good Life

**Good Life** is a rap single by Kanye West and featuring T-Pain. The song was released off the album *Graduation*. The video was released September of 2007.
Necromancy

**Necromancy** is a form of divination in which a person tries to summon the spirits of the dead.  Necromancy is seen by Christians and Jews as  black magic and demon-summoning, as the Book of Leviticus 19:31 says: 'do not turn to mediums or necromancers; do not seek them out and so make yourselves unclean.'

## Related pages 
*Ouija board
Tarot

The **Tarot** (often **Tarot cards**) are a set of seventy-eight cards, comprising twenty-two Тrump cards, and four suits of fourteen cards each with four Face cards. In the English speaking world, Tarot cards are mostly used for divination. Tarot cards are also used in many European countries for playing trick taking card games. Cartomancy is to use Tarot cards for divination.

Tarot decks did not come before decks having four suits of the same length. They were invented not for occult purposes but purely for gaming. In 1781, Court de Gébelin published an essay associating the cards with ancient wisdom. This idea was later disproved by Dummett. Tarot cards have been used for cartomancy and divination as well as gaming.  Nowadays fortune-tellers tend to use specially-developed tarot decks rather than those used for games. Not just the cards but now there are several websites available online where people go to get their answers. They simply put the data on the lucky wheel and it starts spinning. When it stops, the people know what's written in the cards for them. 

Many websites offer tarot definitions.

## References
## Other websites
* Tarocchi History at Trionfi.com
* Card Games: Tarot Games at Pagat.com
Demonology

**Demonology** is the study of demons or beliefs about demons. It is the branch of theology relating to superhuman beings or spirits who are not gods.

## References
## Related pages
**Daemonologie*
Megalania

***Megalania*** (*Varanus prisca*) was a giant monitor lizard that lived in southern Australia. It was part of a species of megafauna that lived during the Pleistocene, and appears to have disappeared around 40,000 years ago. The first Aboriginal settlers of Australia may have encountered living *Megalania*.

*Megalania* is the largest land-based lizard known to have existed. Judging from its size, *Megalania* would have fed mostly upon medium- to large-sized animals, including any of the giant marsupials like *Diprotodon* .

## Size
 (29 in) long, at Museum of Science, Boston]]

Ralph Molnar in 2004, determined a range of possible sizes for *Megalania*. He did this by scaling up from dorsal vertebrae, after he determined a relationship between dorsal vertebrae length and total body length. If it had a long thin tail like the Lace monitor (*Varanus varius*), then it would have reached a length of . If its tail-to-body proportions were more similar to that of the Komodo dragon, then a length of around  is more likely. Using 7&nbsp;m as the maximum length, Molnar estimated the average weight of the lizard at , and  as the maximum.

This is twice the length of their closest living relative, the Komodo dragon of eastern Indonesia.

## References
The Fool (Tarot card)

, the Fool is depicted as a ragged vagabond.]]
**The Fool** or **The Jester** ("Il Matto" in Italian) is one of the 78 cards in a Tarot deck. It is one of the 22 Trump cards that make up the Major Arcana and the only one of the major arcana found in the modern playing cards in the role of the joker. The Fool is often numbered 0. It is used in divination as well as in game playing.
Tokyo Stock Exchange

The , or **TSE**, is in Tokyo, Japan. It is the second-largest stock exchange market in the world by market value, second only to the New York Stock Exchange. It currently lists 2,271 domestic companies and 31 foreign companies, with a total market capitalization of over 5 trillion USD.

## History
The Tokyo Stock Exchange was established in 1878.  It is the second oldest stock exchange in Asia.

## References
American International Group

**American International Group, Inc.** (AIG) (, , ) is a major American insurance corporation based in New York City. The company's UK headquarters are in London, its Continental Europe operations are based in Paris and its Asian HQ is in Hong Kong. According to the 2008 Forbes Global 2000 list, AIG was the 18th-largest company in the world. It became part of the Dow Jones Industrial Average on April 8, 2004.

On September 16, 2008, the U.S. Federal Reserve Bank announced its plan to lend the insurer $85 billion, U.S. dollars, in exchange for a 79.9% equity stake in the company.  
 
AIG announced on the same day that its board accepted the terms of the Federal Reserve Bank's loan offer.

## References
## Other websites
*AIG Website
Upton Park

**Upton Park**, or the **Boleyn Ground**, was previously the home stadium of West Ham United in East London. The club started playing here in 1904. Recently they moved to the Olympic Stadium because the Boleyn Ground was to be made into flats. Many West Ham fans were devastated but many debate that the Olympic Stadium is better.

## History
On the 10th May 2016, the final game was played between West Ham United F.C. and Manchester United F.C. because the ground was sold for demolition. The game finished with West Ham winning 3-2. By July 2016, the seats were removed and it was handed over to the developers for demolition.
IWork

**iWork** is a suite of programs created by Apple Inc., containing **Pages**, a word processing and desktop publishing program, **Keynote**, a presentation package and **Numbers**, a spreadsheet program.

Although iWork is called "a successor to AppleWorks" by Apple, it does not have the functions of AppleWorks's database and drawing tools. Also, it does not compete directly with the Mac version of Microsoft Office, but instead offers tools with a different focus (presentation, rather than analysis) at a lower price. It is made to integrate with other applications from Apple's iLife Suite. Although iLife comes free on every Mac, iWork is sold separately. From February to March 2008, a free 30-day trial of iWork was installed on every new Mac bought during that time, but now the trial must be downloaded from online. It is still given with copies of iLife. It was later sold for $19.99 per app on OS X and $9.99 per app on iOS. In October 2013 Apple announced that all iOS and OS X devices purchased onwards, whether new or refurbished, were eligible for a free download of all three iWork apps. iWork for iCloud, which also incorporates a document hosting service, is free to all holders of an iCloud account. iWork was released as freeware for macOS and iOS in April 2017. In September 2016, Apple announced that the real-time collaboration feature would be available for all iWork apps.

## History
### iWork '05
iWork '05 was launched on January 11, 2005 and had the new version 2 of Keynote and the first release of Pages. Before it was released, what would become iWork was said to be an add-on, upgrade, or new release of AppleWorks. New features common to both applications included 3D charts, tables with formula support, reviewer comments, and shaped image masking. The addition of tables with formula support may have been added to quiet rumors of an Apple spreadsheet application. Since iWork's focus is on presentation, Apple gave a way to put most common spreadsheet features into a table while providing only limited additional functionality.

### iWork '08 
iWork '08 was announced on August 7, 2007 at a special event at Apple's Cupertino campus. New versions of Pages and Keynote were introduced, as was a new spreadsheet application, Numbers. Despite this, hard disk space requirements were reduced from 1.85&nbsp;GB in iWork '06 to 690&nbsp;MB in iWork '08. iWork '08 was the end of AppleWorks which was not sold anymore a week later. iWork 08 drops support for Mac OS X v10.3 'Panther'.

## Related pages
*Office suite
*Keynote (software)

## References
Emirates Stadium

The **Emirates Stadium** is a football stadium in London, England. It is the home stadium of Arsenal F.C. It is named after the airline Emirates.

## History
The stadium was built from 2004 to 2006. It replaced Highbury Stadium which had only 38,419 seats and was too small for the need of modern football.
Crushcrushcrush

"**Crushcrushcrush**" is a single released by Pop rock band Paramore from their second album RIOT!

In the music video you can see the band performing. They are some spies also and it plays on the lyric "They taped over your mouth scribbled out the truth with their lies you little spies"

"Crushcrushcrush" is a download in Rock Band.
Vitry-sur-Seine

**Vitry-sur-Seine** is a town and commune in the southeast suburb of Paris, France. It is in the Île-de-France region and the Val-de-Marne department. About 79,000 people lived there in 1999.

## Twin towns 
*  Burnley (UK), since 1958 until 1974 and since 1995
*  Kladno (Czech Republic), since 1966
*  Meissen (Germany), since 1973
Hallelujah (Paramore song)

"**Hallelujah**" is a song released by the band Paramore. It is the third track off their second album, *RIOT!*.
Collector, New South Wales

**Collector** is a small village in New South Wales, Australia. It is on the Federal Highway between Goulburn, New South Wales and the Australian Capital Territory and is 7km north of Lake George.

The area was first settled by Europeans in 1829. T.A. Murray started a farm and built a 12-room house on the land in 1837. A post office opened at Collector in 1848.  The village is named after the Australian aboriginal name for the area, *colegadar*.   The village was by-passed by the Federal Highway in 1988.

The Bushranger Hotel in Collector was the site of the shooting of policeman, Constable Samuel Nelson on 26 Jan 1865, by John Dunn. Dunn was a bushranger and a member of Ben Hall's gang. The bushrangers were robbing the hotel when Nelson tried to stop them.

Other businesses in the village are: The Grapefoodwine Restaurant, Lynwood Café /Restaurant, Cafe Lerida of Lerida Estate Winery, Collector Art Gallery and Collector Quarries.

Collector is also famous for the sculpture Dreamers Gate  by Tony Phantastes. He built it between 1993 and 1997 to as a memorial, among other things, to his father. It is a gothic sculpture made of cement and wire 24 metres long and 7 metres high. The artist and the Gunning Shire Council have been arguing over the sculpture since 1999. The council want the sculpture removed because it is unsafe.

## References
* *Exploring the ACT and Southeast New South Wales*, J. Kay McDonald, Kangaroo Press, Sydney, 1985 
*  Australian Heritage Listing, Dreamers Gate

## Other websites
* Collector
* Fight over Dreamer's Gate
Wind power in the United States

V47-660kW wind turbine at American Wind Power Center in Lubbock, Texas]]
 
**Wind power in the United States** is a growing industry. As of 2011, the total installed capacity of was 42,432 megawatts (MW), making it second in the world, behind China. In 2010 wind power accounted for 2.3% of the electricity generated in the United States. This amounted to 94,650 thousand megawatt-hours of electricity.

Driven by state renewable energy mandates, fourteen states have installed over 1,000&nbsp;MW of wind capacity, and a total of 37&nbsp;states now have installed at least some large-scale wind power. Texas, with 10,135&nbsp;MW of capacity, has the most installed wind power capacity of any U.S. state, followed by Iowa with 3,675&nbsp;MW. The Roscoe Wind Farm (781&nbsp;MW) in Texas is the largest wind farm in the US as of 2011.

The U.S. wind industry generates tens of thousands of jobs and billions of dollars. Wind projects boost local tax bases, and help the economy of rural communities by providing a steady income stream to farmers with wind turbines on their land. GE Energy is the largest domestic wind turbine manufacturer.

## References
Diagramming software

**Diagramming software** is a computer program that is used to produce graphical diagrams.

## Common Diagramming software
*Calligra Flow
*ConceptDraw
*Dia
*Google Drawings
*Graphviz
*Inspiration
*LibreOffice Draw
*Microsoft Visio
*OmniGraffle
*OpenOffice.org Draw
*Schematic
*SmartDraw
Ottakring

**Ottakring** is part of Vienna. It is the 16th district of Vienna, created in 1893 from the villages of Ottakring and Neulerchenfeld. Ottakring can be reached by public transit; it is west of the city centre.
 
Today, there are fewer people in this district than in the past. In 1910, about 179,000 people lived there, but in 2019 there were only 103,000.

Josef Weinheber and Michael Häupl (the current mayor of Vienna) are some famous people from Ottakring.

## References
List of Premier League stadiums

Since the beginning of the **Premier League**, 58 football stadiums have been used to host matches, with one more stadium set to host its first match in the 2016–17 season. The first round of Premier League matches took place on 15 August 1992. 11 clubs hosted the opening fixtures.  Following the Hillsborough Disaster in 1989, the Taylor Report suggested the removal of standing terraces by the start of the 1994–95 season. They were replaced by all-seater stadiums.

When Fulham came up from Division 1 in the 2000–2001 season, terraces returned for a short while. This gave them more time to complete the changes.  For a bit of time they had to play at Loftus Road after not enough progress was made in converting Craven Cottage. They returned to their home ground after building work was completed in time for the 2004–05 season.

Burnley's Turf Moor stadium became the 50th Premier League stadium on 19 August 2009, where they faced Manchester United. Bournemouth's Dean Court is the most recent stadium to host a Premier League match, when they played their first ever home Premier League match against Aston Villa on 8 August 2015. The next stadium to host its first Premier League match will be London Stadium, new home to West Ham United, when West Ham hosts Bournemouth on 21 August 2016.

## Stadiums
Stadiums listed in **bold**  mean they are the home grounds of teams currently in the 2017–18 Premier League season. Those stadiums listed in *italics* have now been demolished.

† *For closed or demolished grounds, capacity is taken at closure.*
‡ *Currently in the process of, or scheduled to be developed.*

## References
## Other websites
* Map of English Premier League Stadiums
Intertidal zone

, sea urchins and mussel shells in a rocky intertidal zone]]

**Intertidal zones** are coastal areas, the space between high and low tides. They often have rock, sand or mud that is under water at high tide, and above water at low tide.

Rock pools are common on some shores. These areas are often home to many species of crabs, shellfish, shallow water fish and many other animals. Many environmental things affect these areas, for example, waves, sunlight, salinity, wind, and water tide. About 300,000 species have been found in the intertidal zone. These species have to tolerate the pounding of waves, the changes in temperature, and the drying out at low tide.
DW Stadium

The **DW Stadium** is a football stadium in Wigan, Greater Manchester, England. It is the current home stadium of Wigan Athletic football club and the Wigan Warriors rugby league club. The stadium is named after the sportswear and fitness company *DWSportsfitness*.

It opened in 1999 as **JJB Stadium**, from the *JJB Sports* sportswear company. The name changed in 2009 when Wigan Athletic owner Dave Whelan bought a chain of fitness clubs from JJB Sports and set up a new business, DWSportsfitness. The deal also gave Whelan stadium naming rights, and he changed its name to DW Stadium at that time.
Heuriger

**Heuriger** is a word that describes the wine of the current year, and the places which serve it. According to a law of 1784, the winemakers may serve their own current wine, without a special license. These restaurants are licensed according to laws of the Bundesland. In Vienna these laws date from 1975. Very often,these establishments also serve cheese and sausages, other meat products, certain kinds of fish, mixed pickles, eggs, various spreads (to put on breads)  etc. Usually they only serve cold dishes. 
## References
Stadium of Light

The **Stadium of Light** is a football stadium in Sunderland, England. It is the current home stadium of Sunderland A.F.C. This stadium was officially inaugurated by the then Prince Andrew, Duke of York, on the 30th July, in 1997, during a match between Sunderland A.F.C. and Ajax Amsterdam.

The Stadium of Light is a all seated stadium and mainly used for the league matches of Sunderland A.F.C. Beside this use there were some matches of national teams. 

The Stadium is also used for concerts (for example Oasis, Take That and Pink). Also the graduation ceremony of the University of Sunderland is held in the stadium.

## Visitors
The record of visitors was in a league match versus Liverpool with 48,353 set 13 April 2002.
Calligra Flow

In computing, **Kivio** is a free diagramming software that is part of KOffice, an office suite for KDE.

## Description 
Kivio is a flowcharting and diagramming program for the KOffice office suite, and has a user interface that looks like Microsoft Visio.

Features:
*Scriptable stencils using Python. 
*Support for Dia .
*Plugin framework for adding more functions.

## Other websites 
*Kivio , KOffice info page.
*Kivio: Powerful Flowchart Program for KDE , theKompany info page.  theKompany sells extra stencils for Kivio, as well as a commercial cross-platform closed-source version (which also runs on Windows).
*xfig2sml The xfig2sml project allows  Dia stencils to be imported into Kivio. To get lots of extra stencils for Kivio, just download xfig-stencils.sml (actually, it's xfig-stencils-0.1.tar.bz2) from the "Files" tab on http://sourceforge.net/projects/xfig2sml, then import this tarball directly into Kivio using "File/Import Stencil Set".
Cellobiose

**Cellobiose** is a kind of sugar.

This word is from biochemistry and cellobiose is part of the disaccharide group of sugars. This sugar was called *cellose*.

Cellobiose is made from cellulose, which comes from the cells of plants. Things that have a lot of cellulose are good for making cellobiose, like cotton or paper. Water and cellulose make cellobiose: this process is called hydrolysis.

Pure cellobiose is a white powder. 
People cannot metabolize cellobiose.

## References
Lungfish

**Lungfish** are members of the order **Dipnoi**. They are a sister group to the coelacanths and to the early lobe-finned fish which gave rise to the tetrapods. All these fish have ed s, fins or limbs, attached to a pelvis or shoulder by means of a single bone, the femur or humerus.

The living members of the group are special freshwater fish. They are the only living fish that have both lungs and gills. They need this because they live in small lakes and rivers that sometimes dry up. When this happens, these fish don't die, but they can survive in the mud, for up to 4 years. They use their lungs during this time. This is called aestivation, which is a type of dormancy.

Currently there 8 species of lungfish, six of them in Africa, one in South America and one in Australia.

## References
St James' Park

'''St James' Park''' is a football stadium in Newcastle, England. It is the current home stadium of Newcastle United.

## International matches
St.James' Park hosted three matches of the Euro 1996 and also hosted some matches during the 2012 Olympic Games and for the 2015 Rugby World Cup.

## Other uses
The stadium was used by many great musicians like The Rolling Stones, Bruce Springsteen & The E Street Band, Queen, Bob Dylan, Bryan Adams & Rod Stewart, among others.
Dinar

The **Dinar** is the official currency in many countries. It is used in many countries near the Mediterranean Sea. The word *dinar* (, , ) is derived from denarius, a Roman currency.

## Usage 
### Countries using the dinar 
### Countries that used the dinar 
*Abu Dhabi: the Abu Dhabi dinar or Bahraini dinar which have been used from 1966 to 1973
*Bosnia and Herzegovina: the Bosnia and Herzegovina dinar
*Croatia: the Croatian dinar
*Iran: the Iranian rial was divided into 100 dinars
*Republic of Serbian Krajina: the Krajina dinar
*Republika Srpska: the Republika Srpska dinar
*South Yemen: the South Yemeni dinar
*Sudan: the Sudanese dinar
*Yugoslavia: the Yugoslav dinar
Wasatch Mountains

, Utah.]]
The **Wasatch Range** is a mountain range that stretches about  from the Utah- Idaho border, south through central Utah in the western United States.
Hawthorne Heights

**Hawthorne Heights** is an American emo band. They formed in 2003.

They have released three studio albums and a number of singles. Their album titled *Fragile Future* was released on August 5, 2008 in United States. Their most recent album is called *The Silence in Black and White Acoustic* was released on April 15, 2014. Their other albums include *If Only You Were Lonely* and *The Silence in Black and White*. They spawned emo classics such as "Saying Sorry" and "Ohio Is for Lovers".

Casey Calvert, who played guitar and did the screaming for the band, died on November 24, 2007, and another member found him in the morning. They had to push back touring etc., and had started on a tour already and had big plans.

Later, another person in the band, Micah Carli, started doing the harsh death growl vocals for the band.

They have had many tours including the Never Sleep Again tour, the Warped Tour and Projekt Revolution. They played the Never Sleep Again tour with fellow band Silverstein.

## Band members
;Current members
* JT Woodruff – lead vocals, rhythm guitar, piano, keyboards (2003–present)
* Matt Ridenour – bass, backing vocals (2003–present)
* Mark McMillon – lead guitar (2013–present, touring and session 2009–2013), unclean vocals (2015–present); rhythm guitar, backing vocals (2013–2015, touring and session 2009–2013)
* Chris Popadak – drums, percussion, backing vocals (2017–present, touring and session 2014–2017)

;Former members
* Micah Carli – lead guitar (2003–2015), unclean vocals (2008–2015)
* Eron Bucciarelli – drums, percussion (2003–2014)
* Casey Calvert – rhythm and lead guitar, unclean vocals (2003–2007; his death)

## Discography
;Studio albums
* *The Silence in Black and White* (2004)
* *If Only You Were Lonely* (2006)
* *Fragile Future* (2008)
* *Skeletons* (2010)
* *Zero* (2013)
* *The Silence in Black and White Acoustic* (2014)

;Independent albums
* *Bad Frequencies* (2018)
* *The Rain Just Follows Me* (2021)
* *If Only You Were Lonely XV* (2023)

## References
Jacob Zuma

**Jacob Gedleyihlekisa Zuma** (born 12 April 1942) in what is now Nkandla, KwaZulu-Natal is a South African politician. He was the President of South Africa from 2009 to 2018.

In the 1960s, he was against the government of South Africa's policy of apartheid. He spent some time in prison on Robben Island for conspiring to overthrow the government.

In February 14, 2018 South Africa President **Jacob Zuma** resigned for a disputed disagreement instruction with the ruling African National Congress.

## Personal life
In 2005 he was charged with rape but he was found not guilty.

One of their traditions he follows is polygamy (having more than one wife). He has had six wives (one of them killed herself in 2000) and has fathered more than twenty children.

Zuma was the person to tell the public on December 5, 2013 that Nelson Mandela had died.

## Life after the presidency
On the eve of the African National Congress having a vote of no confidence against him, Zuma resigned. A few weeks after he resigned, it was reported that he fathered a child with a 24 year old woman in a Durban hospital.

On 29 June 2021, Zuma was sentenced to fifteen months in prison for not showing up to court over his corruption trial.

In August 2021, Jacob Zuma received an insufficient pension to cover his legal costs. In any case, this is what his relatives suggest, who are calling on their fellow citizens to contribute to their former head of state.

In September 2021, the South African Constitutional Court scathingly dismissed former President Zuma's petition to reverse his ruling sentencing him to 15 months in prison for contempt of justice.

On July 29, 2024, the ANC disciplinary commission decided to permanently exclude Jacob Zuma, after leading a competing party in the May 2024 elections.

On 22 November 2024, the exclusion of Jacob Zuma from the ANC was definitively confirmed by the party, after Jacob Zuma rejected his appeal.

## References
The Michigan Daily

***The Michigan Daily*** is the daily student newspaper of the University of Michigan. The first edition of the paper was published September 29, 1890.
Inning

An **inning** is a fixed-length section of a game in several sports – most  baseball and softball – when one team would try to score while the other team would try to stop the first from scoring. In baseball, a team's turn to score is called a "half-inning" instead. A team's scoring turn ends in these sports when the players on the scoring team have been "put out" (made to leave the field because of their mistakes during gameplay) a certain number of times.

## References
Alfred P. Sloan

**Alfred Pritchard Sloan, Jr.** (May 23, 1875 – February 17, 1966) was the president and chairman of General Motors.

Sloan was born in a business family. He passed the examination of Massachusetts Institute of Technology when he was very young. When he was 26 his father bought a bearing company and made him president. The company did well and Sloan became president of General Motors. He managed the company with a new combination of centralization and decentralization and led the company into prosperity.

Besides, he was a philanthropist who donated considerable money to charity.

## References
Conan O'Brien

'''Conan Christopher O'Brien'* (born April 18, 1963) is an American television host, comedian, writer, producer, musician, and voice actor. He is best known for hosting several  late-night talk shows, the most recent of which, is *Conan'', premiered on American cable television station TBS in 2010, and ended in 2021.

## Early life
O'Brien was born in Brookline, Massachusetts. His father, Thomas Francis O'Brien (January 28, 1929 - December 9, 2024), was a physician, epidemiologist, and professor of medicine at Harvard. He is the third of six children. O'Brien's family is Irish Catholic; some of his Irish ancestors immigrated before the American Civil War. In a *Late Night* episode, O'Brien paid a visit to County Kerry, Ireland, where his ancestors originated.

## Comedian career
Conan got his first start in comedy as a writer for *Saturday Night Live* and *The Simpsons*.  Conan hosted *Late Night* from 1993 to 2009.  In 2009, he replaced Jay Leno as host of *The Tonight Show*.  In 2010, NBC decided to give *The Tonight Show* back to Leno, which led to Conan leaving NBC.  Many people were upset that Conan had to leave.  After leaving *The Tonight Show*, Conan grew a beard and went on a comedy tour.  On November 8, 2010, he hosted a late-night talk show on TBS called *Conan*, which ended in 2021.

## Awards and nominations
## References
## Other websites
*
*I'm With Coco Facebook