open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Calaca

**Calaca** is a coastal component city in the province of Batangas, it is situated at the vicinity shore of Balayan Bay located near the capital city of Batangas City. Calaca is the 5th component cities in the province of Batangas.

## Reference
Cauayan

**Cauayan** is a component city in the province of Isabela it is situated at the vicinity center in the cities of Ilagan and Santiago, the city is one of the most populated in the province in Cagayan Valley region.

## Reference
Jagirani (tribe)

Jagirani (balochi: جاگیرانی) is a baloch tribe it is a clan of burdi/buledi baloch be primarily found in the province Sindh and punjab in Pakistan.They speak balochi as first language and Sindhi as second language and follow Islam. 

 

## References
Nana Fadnavis

**Nana Fadnavis** was one of the most important statesmen in Indian history. He played a key role in protecting and managing the Maratha Empire during a very difficult time. His intelligence, political skills, and dedication made him a powerful leader. He is often called the "Machiavelli of India" because of his ability to handle politics wisely.

## Early Life and Background 
Nana Fadnavis was born in 1742 in a Brahmin family in Satara, Maharashtra. His real name was Balaji Janardan Bhanu. His family served the Peshwas (the prime ministers of the Maratha Empire) for many years, so he grew up in an environment of politics and administration. After his father’s death, he was raised by his uncle, and he received a good education in history, politics, and governance.

At a young age, he was noticed by Peshwa Madhavrao I for his intelligence and skills. This led to his appointment in the Maratha administration, where he quickly became one of the most trusted ministers.

## Role in the Maratha Empire 
Nana Fadnavis played a major role after the Third Battle of Panipat in 1761. This battle was a huge loss for the Marathas, and their power was weakened. Many of their leaders were killed, and the empire faced serious challenges. However, Nana Fadnavis worked hard to rebuild the empire and keep it strong.

When Peshwa Madhavrao I died in 1772, his younger brother Narayanrao became the Peshwa. Unfortunately, Narayanrao was murdered by his uncle, Raghunathrao, in 1773. This created a crisis, as Raghunathrao wanted to become the next Peshwa. However, Nana Fadnavis and other loyal ministers supported Narayanrao’s unborn son, who later became Peshwa Madhavrao II.

To protect the young Peshwa, Nana Fadnavis formed a council of ministers known as the **Barbhai Council**. This council acted as the guardian of the Maratha Empire and prevented Raghunathrao from taking power.

## Conflict with the British 
During his time, the British were trying to expand their rule in India. Raghunathrao asked the British for help in becoming Peshwa, leading to the **First Anglo-Maratha War (1775-1782)**. Nana Fadnavis fought against the British with great strategy, and the war ended with the **Treaty of Salbai** in 1782. This treaty kept the British away from Maratha affairs for some time.

However, the British continued to interfere in Indian politics. Nana Fadnavis tried his best to keep the Marathas strong, but after his death in 1800, the empire started to weaken. The British later defeated the Marathas in the **Anglo-Maratha Wars**, leading to their downfall.

## Legacy 
Nana Fadnavis was a brilliant politician, strategist, and administrator. He worked tirelessly to keep the Maratha Empire united and independent. His ability to handle diplomacy and manage alliances made him one of the greatest leaders of his time.

Even today, he is remembered as a wise and courageous leader who protected the Maratha Empire during its most difficult period.
2024–25 Japan Influenza cases

The ongoing Influenza (like iLL) was on the rise spiking cases in Japan, Began on September 2024 due to COVID-19 surging,
The virus circulating in the country since September 2, 2024 to January 26, 2025 and its spreading widely in Tokyo, Hokkaidō, Osaka and Fukuoka.

## References
Adversarial machine learning

**Adversarial machine learning** is about studying attacks on machine learning systems and finding ways to protect them. A survey in May 2020 showed that experts want better security for machine learning in real-world use.

Most machine learning methods are made for specific tasks and assume that training and test data come from the same pattern. But in real life, especially in important applications, this is not always true. People might give false data on purpose to trick the system.

## References
## Other websites 
* MITRE ATLAS: Adversarial Threat Landscape for Artificial-Intelligence Systems
* NIST 8269 Draft: A Taxonomy and Terminology of Adversarial Machine Learning
* NIPS 2007 Workshop on Machine Learning in Adversarial Environments for Computer Security
* AlfaSVMLib  – Adversarial Label Flip Attacks against Support Vector Machines
* 
* Dagstuhl Perspectives Workshop on "Machine Learning Methods for Computer Security"
* Workshop on Artificial Intelligence and Security, (AISec) Series
Ghost Stories (anime series)

**Ghost Stories** (Japanese: 学校の怪談, Hepburn: Gakkou no Kaidan), also known as Ghosts at School is an Japanese animated series adapted from a series of children's novels written by Tōru Tsunemitsu, which started in 1990.

the series was produced by Pierrot (the same studio as Tokyo Mew Mew, Osomatsu-San (2015)/Osomatsu-Kun (1988) and Naruto) and co-produced by SPE Visual Works (now known as Aniplex)., and it ran from October 22nd, 2000 until March 25th, 2001, the series is known for it's English dub, which features dark humor and pop culture references.

## Premise 
the series is about Satsuki Miyanoshita, a 5th grader who moves with her family to her deceased mother's hometown, on her first day of school, Satsuki, Keiichirou (Satsuki's younger brother), Momoko Koigakubo, Hajime Aoyama and Leo Kakinoki visit a abandoned School, which they later discover is haunted.

## Media 
Fuji TV, the owner of the series's western distribution rights approached ADV Films to create a English dub of the series, Fuji TV gave ADV Films staff a few constraints when writing the new version, the only rules were "don't change the characters' names, don't change the way the ghosts are slain (referring to Japanese folklore) and, finally, don't change the core meaning of each episode".

There was also a Animax dub, which stayed true to the original anime and was broadcasted in Asia.

## References
Gendered racism

revolutionaries against all hetrocissexist and racist violence" from Paris, 2017.]]

**Gendered racism** is a form of oppression that happens due to false beliefs related to race and gender.

## Overview
Racism is used to divide people into "superior" (better than others) and "inferior" (worse than others) ones to make excuses for mistreating certain ethnic groups. Sexism is the bias, prejudice or discrimination against someone of either sex, typically against women. by Dutch-Surinamese sociologist Philomena Essed (1955 ‒ ) to refer to women facing racism and sexism at the same time. Essed said,

## Issues
Those subject to gendered racism often find it hard to know whether others are biased against them because of their race or gender, or both. Nevertheless, both the race and gender of a person is said to *intersect* to form his or her identity. The person's lived experience is sometimes analyzed based on both his or her race and gender.

## Related pages
* Afrophobia
* Antisemitism
* Critical theory

## References
Nikitas Kaklamanis

**Nikitas M. Kaklamanis** (born 1 April 1946) is a Greek politician who has been the 14th Speaker of the Hellenic Parliament since 2025. He was the mayor of Athens from 2007 to 2010. He was Minister for Health and Social Solidarity from 2004 to 2006.

## References
## Other websites
* City Mayors Profile of Nikitas Kaklamanis
Haris Doukas

**Haris Doukas** (born 12 May 1980) is a Greek mechanical engineer and politician who has been the Mayor of Athens since 2024.

## References
## Other websites
*ECE School of NTUA - Academic Staff
*EPU-NTUA - Faculty members
*World Renewable Energy Congress Award 2018 
*Executive Board of the HELORS (in Greek)
*World Energy Council (WEC) Greece - Office Manager
Kostas Bakoyannis

**Kostas Bakoyannis** (born 16 March 1978) is a Greek politician who was the mayor of Athens from 2019 to 2023. He was also governor of Central Greece from 2014 to 2019. He was mayor of the town of Karpenisi from 2011 to 2014.

## References
Giorgos Kaminis

**Georgios Kaminis** (born 15 July 1954) is a Greek-American politician. He was the Mayor of Athens from 2011 until 2019.

Giorgos Kaminis was born in New York City. He holds both Greek and American citizenship. At the age of five he left New York and moved to Athens.

## References
Erik Felderhof

**Erik Felderhof** is an award-winning TV and film producer and director. He is the co-founder of Original Bear, a film and television production company.

Erik is best known as the creator of the reality series *The Journey (2025)*, co-produced with pop singer Sia, and for producing the PBS interview series *The Way Out with Jurriaan Kamp (2019)* which reports on groundbreaking planet solutions. Felderhof is the executive producer of *The Way Out with Jurriaan Kamp*. Felderhof was an executive producer of *In the Eye of the Storm*, a documentary on the political journey of Yanis Varoufakis which premiered in 2022 at the renowned Hot Docs Canadian International Documentary Festival. 

He also co-created *Meaningful*, a Typeform series.

He created and directed *The Journey*, the first makeover show that uses music instead of make-up.
* 2021 Telly Awards, General: Television - Social responsibility for *Kamp Solutions*
* 2022 The Webby Awards, Honoree for *Meaningful* *
* *Teofilo: Boxing's Most Revolutionary Champion  (2025)*
* *The Journey: a music make-over show (2023)*
* *In the eye of the storm: the political odyssey of Yanis Varoufakis (2022)*
* *Meaningful (2020)*
* *Shift by Typeform (2021)*
* *The Way Out with Jurriaan Kamp (2019)*
* *Villa Felderhof (1996)''

## References
Dimitris Avramopoulos

**Dimitris Avramopoulos** (born 6 June 1953) is a Greek politician. He is a member of the New Democracy party. He was Mayor of Athens from 1995 to 2002. 

He was the Minister for Foreign Affairs and Minister for National Defence between 2012 to 2014. He was EU Commissioner for Migration, Home Affairs and Citizenship in the Juncker Commission between 2014 and 2019.

## References
## Other websites
* New Democracy website
* Greek Parliament site
* Dimitris Avramopoulos site
* www.elections2014.eu
Coddled egg

The **Coddled Egg**, is a certain type of egg in a circular shape with its yolk sometimes inside. They are cooked in a coddler. Egg coddlers are simply porcelain or glass containers that is used to cook the egg. They are often eaten with potatoes and different types of meats.

They are usually accompanied by a variety of spices.

## Cooking 
The usual method for coddling eggs is to place them into a pot of simmering water, where they steam until set. We add the filled ramekins to the pot and then pour boiling water around them.

It's usually cooked for about 10 minutes, before opening the coddler and taking it out.

Coddled eggs are not to be confused with  Poached egg; they are two different dishes, similar, but different.

## References
Dora Bakoyannis

**Theodora** "**Dora**" **Bakoyanni** (; née **Mitsotaki**, born May 6, 1954) is a Greek politician. From 2006 to 2009 she was Minister of Foreign Affairs of Greece. She was also the Mayor of Athens from 2003 to 2006, becoming the city's first female mayor. She was also the Minister for Culture of Greece from 1992 to 1993.

## Early life
Bakoyannis was born in Athens in 1954. She is the oldest of four children of the veteran Greek politician Konstantinos Mitsotakis, former Prime Minister of Greece. Her younger brother Kyriakos, is the current Prime Minister of Greece.

## Political career
### Mayoralty of Athens
On December 13, 2002, while serving as mayor-elect of Athens, an assassination attempt was made on her. She took office in January 2003, becoming the city's first female mayor.

During her time as mayor, the city hosted the Olympic Games, making her the first woman to serve as mayor of a city hosting the Olympics.

### Parliamentary career
Bakoyannis was an independent member of the Hellenic Parliament representing unofficially Democratic Alliance, the political party she founded in 2010. She was expelled from the opposition New Democracy party because she voted against the party. Bakoyannis rejoined New Democracy on 21 May 2012.

## Personal life
In December 1974, she married journalist Pavlos Bakoyannis and later gave birth to their two children, Alexia and Kostas. On 26 September 1989, her husband, who had been elected a member of the Hellenic Parliament, was assassinated by members of the terrorist group Revolutionary Organization 17 November. She later married businessman Isidoros Kouvelos in 1998.

In October 2021, Bakoyannis revealed that she had been diagnosed with multiple myeloma.

## References
## Other websites
*Dora Bakoyannis' biography in the Wayback Archive of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs website
Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Greece)

The **Hellenic Ministry of Foreign Affairs** is a government department of Greece, headed by the Minister for Foreign Affairs. The ministry has its headquarters in Athens. The current minister is Giorgos Gerapetritis in the second cabinet of Kyriakos Mitsotakis.

## List of ministers (since 1974)
Giorgos Gerapetritis

**Giorgos Gerapetritis** (born 26 June 1967) is a Greek politician, professor and lawyer. He has been the Minister for Foreign Affairs of the Hellenic Republic since June 2023. Before, he was Minister of State from 2019 to 2023 and Minister of Infrastructure and Transport from March to May 2023.

## References
Petros Molyviatis

**Petros G. Molyviatis** (12 June 1928 – 4 May 2025) was a Greek politician. He was the Minister for Foreign Affairs three times from 2004 to 2006, May to June 2012, and August to September 2015. 

Molyviatis died on 4 May 2025 at a hospital in Athens, Greece from problems caused by respiratory failure at the age of 96.

## References
Allobates caldwellae

***Allobates caldwellae*** is a frog.  It lives in Brazil.

## Body
The adult male frog is 14.4 - 16.9 mm from nose to rear end and the adult female frog is 16.6 - 16.9 mm long. The skin of the frog's back is light brown in color with darker spots. The adult male frog has a yellow-gold throat and vocal sac. There is a dark stripe that starts at the eye and goes down the body. There is a darker brown stripe just underneath each one. There is a also a broken bright-white stripe from the ear to the middle of the body.  The tops of the front legs are orange-brown and the tops of the back legs are brown with dark spots. The adult female frog has yellow color on the bottoms of her legs and the adult male frog's skin is clear.  There is a moon-shaped mark near the rear end.

Young froglets are brown in color with light brown stripes.

## Name
Scientists named this frog for Dr. Janalee P. Caldwell, who worked at the Sam Noble Museum of Natural History. Caldwell taught one of the scientists who found the frog, Dr. Lima.

## Home
This frog lives in dense rainy forests. Scientists saw the frog 50 meters above sea level.

## Young
The male frog sits on folded or overlapping leaves on the forest floor and calls to the female frogs. The female frog lays eggs in a gel nest. After the eggs hatch, the male frogs carry the tadpoles to water.

At one point in the tadpole's life  the tadpole is 6.5 - 7.0 mm long without the tail and 21.5 - 22.5 mm long with the tail. The tadpole is brown in color.

## Danger
Scientists do not know if this frog is in danger of dying out.  People change the places where the frog lives, especially by cutting down trees to get wood to build with.
## References
Dolphin (file manager)

managing files.]]
**Dolphin** is a free and open source file manager. It is included in the KDE Applications bundle. Dolphin became the default file manager of the KDE Plasma desktop environments in the fourth iteration, called KDE Software Compilation 4.

## References 
## Other websites 
* 
* The Dolphin Handbook
* Dolphin user wiki
* Binary downloads for Windows
Wright Consort

The **Wright Consort** was a single-decker body of a bus. It had a step-entrance. It was made from 1988 to 1999 by Wrightbus. 

The Consort body was built on the following chassis:

* Leyland Swift chassis

## References
Wright Solar

The **Wright Solar** is a single-decker body of a bus. It has a low-floor. It was made from 2000 to 2011 by Wrightbus.

The Solar body was built on the Scania L94UB chassis and the Scania K UB chassis.

## Operators 
In 2006, Translink ordered 198 Solars,

From 2000 to 2011, Go North East ordered 80 Solars.

From 2003 to 2005, Trentbarton ordered 92 Solars.

## Solar Rural 
 Scania K230UB with Wright Solar Rural bodywork in January 2024]]

In 2008, Wrightbus made a new bus body called the **Solar Rural**. It was made for Ulsterbus who wanted a bus to use for rural bus services across Northern Ireland.

The Solar Rural had three seats on one side of the bus and had narrower front passenger doors.

The Solar Rural body was built on the Scania K-series chassis.

## References
## Other websites
Chevrolet Tracker (2019)

The **Chevrolet Tracker** is a subcompact Crossover SUV made by General Motors under Chevrolet since 2019.

## History and Features 
The nameplate "Tracker" was first used in a rebadged Suzuki Escudo sold in North America from the 1990s to the 2000s later it was used for the Chevrolet Trax sold in South America and Russia the Chinese-made Tracker was shown in 2019 alongside the Trailblazer it was made to replace the Trax in China and uses the Global Emerging Markets plataform (GEM).

It has a 1.0 1.2 1.3 and 1.5 liter all turbo petrol engines and a 6-speed manual automatic DCT or CVT transmissions.

## Markets 
The Chevrolet Tracker is currently sold in China. Brazil. Argentina (where its imported from the Joinville factory in Brazil and is the only B-segment or subcompact SUV made there). Mexico. Uzbekistan (where its also made locally there). and Philipines.

## References
Chevrolet Trailblazer (crossover)

The **Chevrolet Trailblazer** is a subcompact Crossover SUV made by Chevrolet since 2020.

## History and Features 
The Chevrolet Trailblazer was shown at the 18th Shanghai International Automobile Industry Exhibition alongside the Chevrolet Tracker that replaced the Trax while the Trailblazer will be sold in developed markets the Tracker will be sold in emerging markets.

It was then launched in the North American market at the Los Angeles Auto Show in November 2019 and was put on sale in early 2020 as a 2021 model. its made in Incheon South Korea while for the Chinese market its made in Yantai by SAIC-GM (which is a joint venture between General Motors and SAIC Motor) has a 1.2 and 1.3 liter turbo petrol engines with a 9-speed automatic transmission (availiable in AWD only) and CVT transmission (avaliable in FWD only) it was improved in 2024.

## Markets 
The Chevrolet Trailblazer is currently sold in North America China South Korea. and Philipines.

## References
City Municipality of Koper

Koper (It. Capodistria) is a Town in Western Slovenia. It is the largest settlement on the Slovenian Coast with 54.252 (*Municipality),* the city also holds the countries largest, and only port, The port of Koper (Luka Koper). It is the countries fifth largest settlement.

## History 
Koper started as a roman settlement, under the name "Aegida" after the fall of Rome, the city was under the Patriarch of Aquileia, then the Republic of Venice, After that it was taken over by Austria.

When the near by Trieste was made into a free port in the 18th century, Koper lost it's importance.

Italy gained control of Koper in 1920 with the Treaty of Rapallo, and it held onto it until 1945, when the Free Territory of Trieste was created, Koper was under Zone B under Yugoslav Control. After the FTT was dissolved in 1954 it was fully annexed into Yugoslavia. Today the town is in modern day Slovenia

Until the mid-late 1940s Koper (then known in italian as "Capo d'Istria *lit. Head of Istria*) was a Majority Italian Town, but due to the Istrian Exile most of these Italians left for Italy (Mainly Trieste) and Slovenians moved in, turning it into a Majority Slovenian Town, although there i still a Italian minority in the town. Today the town is still Bilingual.

The Old Town Core is located on a former island. it was connected to the mainland in the 20th century.

In 2011 the town of Ankaran split away from the City Municipality of Koper to become it's own Municipality.

## Settlements in the Municipality 
* Babiči
* Barizoni
* Belvedur
* Bertoki
* Bezovica
* Bočaji
* Bonini
* Boršt
* Bošamarin
* Brezovica pri Gradinu
* Brežec pri Podgorju
* Brič
* Butari
* Čentur
* Cepki
* Cerej
* Čežarji
* Črni Kal
* Črnotiče
* Dekani
* Dilici
* Dol pri Hrastovljah
* Dvori
* Elerji
* Fijeroga
* Gabrovica pri Črnem Kalu
* Galantiči
* Gažon
* Glem
* Gračišče
* Gradin
* Grinjan
* Grintovec
* Hrastovlje
* Hrvatini
* Kampel
* Karli
* Kastelec
* Kolomban
* Koromači–Boškini
* Kortine
* Kozloviči
* Koštabona
* Krkavče
* Krnica
* Kubed
* Koper
* Labor
* Loka
* Lopar
* Lukini
* Manžan
* Marezige
* Maršiči
* Močunigi
* Montinjan
* Movraž
* Olika
* Osp
* Peraji
* Pisari
* Plavje
* Pobegi
* Podgorje
* Podpeč
* Poletiči
* Pomjan
* Popetre
* Prade
* Praproče
* Predloka
* Pregara
* Premančan
* Puče
* Rakitovec
* Rižana
* Rožar
* Šalara
* Šeki
* Sirči
* Škocjan
* Šmarje
* Smokvica
* Socerb
* Sočerga
* Sokoliči
* Spodnje Škofije
* Srgaši
* Stepani
* Sveti Anton
* Tinjan
* Topolovec
* Trebeše
* Triban
* Trsek
* Truške
* Tuljaki
* Vanganel
* Zabavlje
* Zanigrad
* Zazid
* Zgornje Škofije
* Župančiči
Wright Fusion

The **Wright Fusion** was an articulated single-decker body of a bus. It had three axles and it had a low floor. It was made from 1998 to 1999 by Wrightbus.

The Fusion body was built on the Volvo B10LA chassis.

In 2001, Wrightbus used the Fusion name for another single decker bus body called the Wright Solar Fusion.

In 1999, Wrightbus used the Fusion name for another single decker bus body called the Wright Eclipse Fusion.

## Operators 
In 1999, FirstGroup ordered 40 Fusions for its services in Glasgow, Leeds and Manchester.

In 2001, 4 Fusions were sent from First Glasgow to First London to operate a six-month trial on route 207.

## References
## Other websites
Arrow wriggler

The **arrow wriggler** (*Tyson belos*), also known as '''Tyson's wriggler,'* is a species of fish that wriggles around to move like other wrigglers.  It was discovered in 1983. The fish can be found across the West Pacific Ocean, in places like Flores in Indonesia, the Trobriand Islands, the Great Barrier Reef in Australia, the Solomon Islands, Vanuatu, and Fiji. It lives 10 to 30 meters (33 to 98 feet) underwater. The specific epithet *belos'' means "arrow" in Greek.

## References
Indeterminate form

In calculus, an **indeterminate form** is an expression that has no single solution. There may be no solution, only one, or multiple depending on how the problem is looked at. Indeterminate forms tell us more analysis is needed to come to a conclusion.

Indeterminate forms happen when the ratio of two functions gives a result that cannot be evaluated when taking the limit. However, these forms can happen with any operation, including addition, subtraction, multiplication, and exponentiation.

Common indeterminate forms are 0/0, ∞/∞, 0 x ∞, ∞ - ∞, ∞0, 00, and 1∞.

## References
Harvey White (footballer)

**Harvey David White,** who was born on the 19th of September 2001, is an English Footballer who plays for EFL League One club in Stevenage as midfielder.

## Early life 
Harvey White was born in Maidstone, Kent, he attended The Holmesdale School and he joined the Tottenham Hotspur Academy as a youngster.

## Career statistics
## References
## Other websites
*
Wright Eclipse Fusion

The **Wright Eclipse Fusion** was a articulated single-decker body of a bus. It had three-axles and it had a low floor. It was made from 1999 to 2005 by Wrightbus.

The Eclipse Fusion body was built on the Volvo B7LA chassis.

## Operators 
From 2000 to 2005, First Glasgow, First West Yorkshire and First Hampshire & Dorset ordered 37 Eclipse Fusions.

In 2000, Dublin Bus ordered 21 Eclipse Fusions for services in Northern Ireland.

In October 2001, two Eclipse Fusions were sent from First Hampshire & Dorset to First London to operate a six-month trial on route 207.

## References
## Other websites
Carterton, New Zealand

**Carterton** () is a small town in the Wellington Region, North Island. It is located 14&nbsp;kilometers southwest of Masterton and 80&nbsp;kilometers northeast of Wellington. It was renamed after Charles Carter.

## References
Bruneian expansion

In the 16th century, Brunei Sultanate's influence extended as far as the Kapuas River delta in West Kalimantan. The Brunei Empire would have its golden age from the 15th to the 17th centuries, when its control extended over the entire island of Borneo, parts of Malaysia, and northern areas of the Philippines.

## Background 
According to historians, Brunei was founded by Sultan Muhammad Shah, who ruled for around AD 1400. He moved from Garang in the Temburong District to the Brunei River estuary, and discovered Brunei. He later became the first Muslim to rule Brunei.

## Early expeditions 
The Bruneian–Igan War, was a military conquest of Igan and their allies by Brunei in the 14th century. This conquest resulted in the destruction of Igan and opened opportunities for Bruneian expansion.

The Brunei invasion of Tondo was a military invasion of Tondo in Luzon by the Brunei in the 16th century. Bruneian Sultanate chose to attack the Kingdom of Tondo in order to break Tondo's trading with China.

Bruneian Empire attacked the major trade hub of Kingdom of Tondo on Luzon Island. At the time of the attack, the Bruneian Empire was under the control of the 5th Sultan, Bolkiah, who ruled the Sultanate between 1485 and 1525. His reign arguably marked the golden age of the Islamic empire as Bolkiah oversaw the growth of Brunei into a great power that spread across the Malay archipelago.

## References
Flag of San Luis Potosí City

The **flag of San Luis Potosí** () has two horizontal stripes of yellow and blue with the coat of arms of San Luis Potosí. It was adopted 4 May 2024.

## Design and symbolism
## References
VinFast LUX A2.0

The **VinFast LUX A2.0** is a Executive car made by VinFast from 2019 to 2022.

## History and Features 
The VinFast LUX A2.0 was shown alongside the VinFast LUX SA2.0 at the Paris Motor in 2018. the LUX A2.0 is based on the BMW 5 Series (F10). and was designed by Pininfarina a famous italian design house. the car has a 2.0 liter turbo BMW petrol engine with a 8-speed automatic transmission.

## Markets 
The VinFast LUX A2.0 was sold mainly in The Vietnamese market during its production but it was also introduced in Russia in 2018.

## Discontinuation 
The production of The VinFast LUX A2.0 ended in 2022 without a sucessor due to VinFast's focus on electric vehicles.

## References
List of Argentine flags

This is a list of flags that are used in Argentina.

## National flags
## Provincial flags
### Historical 
## References
Secession in the Philippines

The secession of **Mindanao** in the southern Philippines, is proposed to split the country, making the second largest island in the archipelago, to under by the former 16th president, Rodrigo Duterte since February 2024. Particularly also in Davao City.

## Secession of Mindanao
In 2024, the 16th former president, Rodrigo "Digong" Roa Duterte, was announced that the Mindanao is an ongoing for secede the island, except the islands of Luzon and Visayas, According to the local government in the provinces of Agusan and Surigao in the region of Caraga and also Davao City, their were both agreed, while in the nearby provinces are against for making the constituional trial.

## Philippine current president reaction
Under by the current 17th president of the Philippines, Bongbong Marcos, "*That we are not split in our nation and we as one for the Filipinos*". 

## References
Retribution

***Retribution*** is the sixth studio album by American heavy metal band Shadows Fall. The album was released on September 15, 2009.

## Track listing
## References
Munich attack

**Munich attack** can be
* 1970 Munich bus attack
* 1970 arson attack on a jewish retirement home in Munich
* 1972 Munich massacre
* 1980 Oktoberfest bombing
* 2016 Munich knife attack
* 2016 Munich shooting
* 2024 Munich shooting
* 2025 Munich car attack
Ormoc Bay

's return to the Philippines]]

**Ormoc Bay** is a large bay in the island of Leyte in the Philippines. The bay is an extension of the Camotes Sea bordering the Eastern and Central Visayan areas. Leyte island is to the north and Cebu island is on the West. The city of Ormoc lies at the head of the bay. 

## Port Ormoc
*Port Ormoc* is a medium sized port that serves inter-island passenger and vehicle transportation — serving the City of Ormoc and surrounding areas. The types of vessels regularly calling at Ormoc are Deck Cargo ships (24%), Cargo ships (16%), Passenger ships (8%), Ro-Ro/Passenger ships (8%), and inland, General Cargo maritime ships (4%).The port is managed by the Philippine Ports Authority.

## Battle of Ormoc Bay
Between 9th November until 21st December of 1944, the **Battle of Ormoc Bay** was a series of air-sea battles between Imperial Japan and the United States in the Philippines at Ormoc Bay.

## References
## Other websites
**Google Maps: Ormoc Bay*
**Ormoc Bay, Philippines*
Maximilian II Emanuel

**Maximilian II Emanuel** (11 July 1662 — 26 February 1726), also known as **Max Emanuel** or **Maximilian Emanuel**, was the Elector of Bavaria from 1679 to 1726. He was the father of Charles Albert of Wittelsbach who later became the Holy Roman Emperor in the early 1740s and Joseph Ferdinand of Bavaria who was King of Spain Charles II's heir to the throne (Treaty of The Hague (1698)) (as he was getting ill) as he was the grandnephew the King. But he died before he could be the King. He was the son of Ferdinand Maria, Elector of Bavaria. He married Theresa Kunegunda Sobieska, a son of the King John III Sobieski of Poland.

During the Habsburg Spanish Inheritance wars Max Emanuel's family became separated and the sons were held prisoners for several years in Austria. There
his son Clemens August was brought up by Jesuits. Only in 1715 was the family re-united. The uncle Joseph Clemens, elector and archbishop of Cologne saw to it, that Clemens August received several appointments in Alt-Oetting, dioce Regensburg and at the Prince-Bishopric Berchtesgaden.
He soon received pal conformation as bishop of Regensburg, later Cologne.

## Issue
## Notes
## References
Wright Eclipse

The **Wright Eclipse** is a single-decker body of a bus. It has a low-floor. It was made from 2000 and 2019 by Wrightbus.

A double-decker model of the Eclipse was also made, It was called the Wright Eclipse Gemini.

A articulated model of the Eclipse was also made, It was called the Wright Eclipse Fusion.

## First generation (2000–2010) 
From 2000 to 2010, Wrightbus made a body of a bus called the Wright Eclipse. It had a low-floor.

In 2003, Wrightbus changed the name of the bus from Eclipse to Eclipse Metro. the interior and exterior was the same.

The Eclipse body and Eclipse Metro body was built on the Volvo B7L chassis.

### Operators 
From 2000 to 2010, FirstGroup ordered Eclipses.

### Eclipse Urban 
 Volvo B7L with a different Wright Eclipse Metro bodywork in July 2009. This bus was called "Bus of the Future" by Arriva]]

From 2003 to 2009, Wrightbus made a body of a bus called the Eclipse Urban. It had a low-floor.

The Eclipse Urban was built on the Volvo B7RLE chassis.

The Eclipse Urban was made because sales of the Volvo B7L chassis were low because of the engine layout.

### Eclipse Commuter 
From 2004 to 2005, Wrightbus made a body of a bus called the Eclipse Commuter. It had a low-floor.

The Eclipse Commuter was built on the Volvo B7RLE chassis.

### Eclipse SchoolRun 
From 2006 to 2010, Wrightbus made a body of a bus called the Eclipse SchoolRun. It had a step-entrance.

The Eclipse SchoolRun body was built on the Volvo B7R coach chassis.

The Eclipse SchoolRun was made for school bus services.

#### Operators 
From 2007 and 2008, Ulsterbus ordered 160 Eclipse SchoolRuns,

### Operators 
In 2009, The Burnley Bus Company ordered 19 Eclipse Urban 2s.

In 2014, Eclipse Urban 2s with air conditioning were sent to Malta for Malta Public Transport.

## Third generation (2015–2019) 
 Volvo B8RLE with Wright Eclipse 3 bodywork in July 2018]]
From 2015 to 2019, Wrightbus made a body of a bus called the Wright Eclipse (known as the **Eclipse 3**). It had a low-floor.

The Eclipse 3 body was built on the Volvo B8RLE chassis.

In 2017, the Eclipse 3 was improved, it had new front headlamps and rear lights, new grille, new front and rear bumpers and a new interior.

### Operators 
In 2017, East Coast Buses ordered improved Eclipse 3s. 

In 2018, Delaine Buses ordered ordered improved Eclipse 3s.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Wright Eclipse Commuter product description
* Wright Eclipse SchoolRun product description
Sigrid Koetse

**Sigrid Koetse** (6 September 1935 – 9 February 2025) was a Dutch stage actress from 1957 to 2009. She was known for playing for years at Nederlandse Comedie, Toneelgroep Theater and Toneelgroep Amsterdam. She received the Koetse de Theo d'Or in 1988 and became knight in the Order of Orange Nassau in 1996. Next of being a stage actress she was also a film and television actress. She played among others in *De Fabriek*, *De Appelgaard*, ''* and had a guest role in *Goede tijden, slechte tijden''.

Koetse died at the Rosa Spier Huis in Laren on 9 February 2025, at the age of 89.

## References
Wright Solar Fusion

The **Wright Solar Fusion** was a articulated body of a bus. It had three-axles and it had a low-floor. It was made from 2001 to 2002 by Wrightbus.

The Wright Solar Fusion body was built on the Scania L94UA chassis.

## Operators 
From 2001 to 2002, Nottingham City Transport ordered five Wright Solar Fusions.

In 2001, Go North East ordered four Wright Solar Fusions. 

From 2001 to 2002, First Manchester ordered one Wright Solar Fusions.

From 2001 to 2002, Doig's of Glasgow ordered one Wright Solar Fusions.

## Preservation 
Nottingham City Transport donated a Solar Fusion to Nottingham Heritage Vehicles for preservation, and they donated another Solar Fusion to Alderman Pounder Infant School in Chilwell, the school converted the bus into a mobile library.

## References
## Other websites
Malay–Siamese War

The Perak-Ligor Siamese War was a war between the Perak Sultanate and the Ligor Kingdom, which was supported by Siam. This war was also linked to the Siamese attack on Kedah where the Ligor Army attacked the Perak Sultanate which ended with the victory of the Perak Sultanate with the help of the Selangor Sultanate.

## References
Ron Brandsteder

**Ronald "Ron" Brandsteder** (19 May 1950 – 10 February 2025) was a Dutch television presenter who was also known as an actor, comedian, singer, radio presenter and voice actor. He was best known as the presenter of programs *Showbizzquiz*, ''Ron's Honeymoonquiz*, *Laat ze maar lachen* and as a panel member of *Wie ben ik?''. He was also known on television and in the theater alongside André van Duin.

Brandsteder died in Breukelen on 10 February 2025, at the age of 74. The media paid extensive and respectful attention to Brandsteder's significance for Dutch radio and television.

## References
EA Sports FC 25

***EA Sports FC 25*** is football video game published by EA Sports. It was launched in September 27, 2024. It works in Nintendo Switch, PlayStation 4, PlayStation 5, Windows, Xbox One and Xbox Series X/S.

Standard edition covers Jude Bellingham alone.

## References 
## Other websites 
*
Rob van Eijck

**Rob van Eijck** (26 October 1948 – 8 February 2025) was a Dutch comics historian, comics artist artist, illustrator and translator.

As comic artist he wrote *De Opstand der Bataven* (1982).  He wrote the prose for albums of  of Jean Van Hamme, *The Extraordinary Adventures of Adèle Blanc-Sec* and Rahan.  He translated among others Batman, Black Orchid, Cannon, Conan, Tarzan and Watchmen into Dutch. He wrote wrote many articles for comics magazines *Stripschrift* and *Brabant Strip Magazine*.
He won the P. Hans Frankfurtherprijs in 2018. He worked on the biography of Hans G. Kresse from 2017 to 2022.

Van Eijck died on 8 February 2025, at the age of 76, from a fall at home a few weeks earlier.

## References
Marijke Thunnissen

**Marijke Johanna Stultiens-Thunnissen** (12 April 1927 – 4 February 2025) was a Dutch textile artist and painter.

She was married to artist Rob Stultiens and lived in Bunde. She had several exihibitions, including at the Stedelijk Museum in Roermond (1989, 2007) and together with her husband in the cultural center in Venlo in 1969.

She became knight in the Order of Orange Nassau in 1995. On the occasion of her 70th birthday, L1 made a television report about her and a monograph was published by Stedelijk Museum Roermond. She received a provincial medal of honor in 2017.

Thunnissen died in Bunde on 4 February 2025, at the age of 97.

## References
Anneke Scholtens

**Anneke Scholtens** (28 July 1955 – 11 February 2025) was a Dutch children's book writer. She wrote multiple books in the Fritzi series and wrote the books series *Het geheim van* (The secret of). She published her last book in 2024, *Idris, slaaf van Rome* (Idris, Slave of Rome).

Scholtens died at place of residence, Amsterdam, on 11 February 2025, at the age of 69 from a long illnesss.

## References
Saxon People's Party (Hungary)

The '''Saxon People's Party''' () was an ethnic-based political party in the territory of historical Hungary, Transylvania. Its members were Transylvanian Saxons.

From the beginning, the party split into two major factions. The "Greens," mainly young politicians and journalists educated in German universities, were always against the Hungarian government in the spirit of Pan-Germanism. On the other hand, the "Blacks," primarily representing the older generation of Saxon public figures, followed the path set by Friedrich Bömches and to some extent always supported the Hungarian government's policies.

The two factions finally parted ways on June 17, 1890, when the seven hundred attendees at the "Sachsentag" in Nagyszeben (now Sibiu) approved changes to the previous political direction, accepting dualism, the new nationality law, and the concept of a unified Hungarian nation-state. The "Black" members of the party then joined another party. The "Greens" did not follow them but did not abandon politics either; however, they did not form a new party.

Later, the "Green" Saxons unanimously supported the union of Transylvania with Romania, hoping for the creation of an autonomous or even independent Saxon territory. However, their calculations did not pan out; after the war, the Magyarization policy was replaced by an even more aggressive policy of Romanization.

## Notes 
* Transylvanian Lords at the End of the Tisza Era (1890–91) (I.), 
* Transylvanian Saxons: without autonomy
* Silence in Brassó
Kumdamsei

**Kumdamsei** () is an ancient Meitei language literary work. It talks about the changes in seasons like spring, rain, and sunshine. The poem uses simple words to describe these changes in nature. and Moirangthem Kirti.

"Kumdamsei" is also translated as "song of seasons" by some scholars.

## Notable lines 
Kumdamsei contains around 485 lines.

## Depictions 
The poem has a musical rhythm. It is meant to be spoken aloud in oral traditions. The poem also talks about the relationship between humans and nature. It helps people feel refreshed and connected to the world around them. The spring season represents a new start. It shows that Earth is full of life again. The sun brings a new day and spreads light over the villages. This gives hope and inspires people to connect emotionally with the ancient Meitei way of life.

Seasonal changes show the natural order of the universe. The changing seasons are like the stages of a person’s life: from birth to adulthood, old age, and death. This reminds people that death is a natural part of life.
The seasons also help people learn about celestial events. This helps make a calendar for farmers. The calendar tells them when to plant their crops. Without it, farming would be hard to manage.

## References
Dave Blunts

**Davion Blessing** (born July 1, 2001), known professionally as **Dave Blunts**, is an American rapper, singer and internet personality. He is best known for his single "The Cup" and his weight of 600 pounds.

He started to release music in 2024. Before gaining fame, Blunts worked at a call center and lived off of social security.

His song "The Cup" became viral on TikTok. Blunts said that he made the song after he had just gotten out of the hospital and was drinking lean everyday. He said he only took one day to make it.

Blunts became more well known after he performed at Juice Wrld Day, a tribute concert to late rapper Juice Wrld on November 30, 2024. During his performance, Blunts sat on a purple couch and rapped while using an oxygen tank. The performance came a week after Blunts had gotten out of the hospital. He had been previously hospitalized for heart failure in 2023. This caused concern about his health from fans and rappers like Snoop Dogg. Blunts did not like this. He ranted during a concert saying "get the fuck off my dick, Snoop Dogg". Snoop later apologized to Blunts.

In late 2024, Blunts was hospitalized for the flu. Afterwards, he claimed that he was focusing on living a healthier lifestyle. Ye hired Blunts a personal trainer to help him lose weight.

## References
Allobates sieggreenae

***Allobates sieggreenae*** is a frog.  It lives in Peru.

## Body
The adult male frog is 15.2 - 16.4 mm from nose to rear end and the adult female frog is 15.4 - 17.2 mm long. The skin of the frog's back is light brown in color. There are straight stripes on the sides of the body. The adult male frog has a white or cream vocal sac. It has some yellow color where the back legs meet the body. The adult female frog has a yellow throat and belly.

Young frogs are darker brown in color, so the stripe is easier to see. They have no yellow color.

## Danger
Scientists say this frog is in not in danger of dying out. It lives far from cities.

## Home
This frog lives in Amazon forest and white sand forest.

## References
Chipewyan

The **Chipewyan** ( , also called  ***Denésoliné*** or ***Dënesųłı̨né*** or ***Dënë Sųłınë́***, meaning "the original/real people") are a Dene Indigenous Canadian people of the Athabaskan language family. Their ancestors are of the Taltheilei Shale archaeological tradition.  They are part of the Northern Athabascan group of peoples. They come from Western Canada.

## References
2025 Munich car attack

On 13 February 2025, a vehicle-ramming attack happened at a protest by the trade union ver.di in Munich, Germany. The attack left at least 28 people injured, some critically.

The suspected driver was 24-year-old Afghan Farhad Noori. He was arrested at the scene. The motive for the crime is unknown.

## References
János Dunai

**János Dunai** (26 June 1937 – 13 February 2025) was a Hungarian footballer. He played for the Hungary national football team in 1960. He won a bronze medal at the 1960 Summer Olympics at Rome, Italy.

Dunai died on 13 February 2025 at the age of 87.

## References
Ana Ambrazienė

**Ana Ambrazienė** (14 April 1955 – 12 February 2025) was a Lithuanian hurdler. She was born in Vilnius. She represented the Soviet Union in the 1970s and 1980s. She won a silver medal at the World Athletics Championships in 1983.

Ambrazienė died on 12 February 2025 in Vilnius at the age of 69.

## References
Ali Gagarin

**Haydar Hassan Haj Al-Sidig** (1 April 1949 – 12 February 2025), known as **Ali Gagarin**, was a Sudanese footballer. He played with Al-Hilal Club. He also made 33 appearances for the Sudan national football team from 1967 to 1977.

Gagarin died on 12 February 2025 in Cairo, Egypt at the age of 75.

## References
Terry Cole (law enforcement official)

**Terrance C. Cole** is an American law enforcement official and politician who has been the 12th Administrator of the Drug Enforcement Administration since 2025. He was the Virginia Secretary of Public Safety from 2023 until 2025 during the governorship of Glenn Youngkin. 

In February 2025, President Donald Trump nominated Cole to serve as the Administrator of the Drug Enforcement Administration under his second administration.

## Career
Cole began working at the U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA), where he would work for 22 years. He was a DEA representative to the National Security Council. He retired in 2020. His nomination was confirmed by the U.S. Senate in July 2025.

## Personal life
Cole studied at the Rochester Institute of Technology. He also went to the University of Virginia and the Mendoza College of Business at the University of Notre Dame. Cole is married and has four children.

## References
Internal bleeding

**Internal bleeding** (also called **internal haemorrhage**) is a loss of blood from a blood vessel that collects inside the body, and is not usually visible from the outside. It can be a serious medical emergency. How severe it really is depends on bleeding rate and location of the bleeding (e.g. head, torso, extremities). Severe internal bleeding into the chest, abdomen, pelvis, or thighs can cause hemorrhagic shock or death if proper medical treatment is not received quickly. Internal bleeding is a medical emergency and should be treated immediately by medical professionals.

## References
Michael Schulte

**Michael Schulte** (born 30 April 1990) is a German singer and songwriter. In 2012, he finished in third place in season one of *The Voice of Germany*. He represented Germany in the Eurovision Song Contest 2018 in Lisbon, Portugal, with the song "You Let Me Walk Alone". He finished in fourth place out 26 finalists. Schulte was born in Eckernförde and grew up in Lindau, a part of Boren at the Schlei.

## References
Wright Electrocity

The **Wright Electrocity** was a single-decker hybrid electric bus. It had a low-floor. It was made from 2002 to 2013 by Wrightbus.

## History
From 2002 to 2013, Wrightbus made a single-decker hybrid electric bus called the Electrocity. one prototype was built on the Dennis Dart SLF chassis.

They had lead-acid batteries and 1.9 litre Vauxhall engines.

In 2005, the Electrocity was improved, it had new circular front headlights.

In 2011, the Electrocity was improved, it had lithium-ion batteries, a 4.5 litre Cummins ISBe engine and it had a larger white pod on the roof to store the batteries.

In 2016, the Electrocity was replaced with the Wright StreetAir.

## Operators 
In 2006, London Central ordered six VDL SB120 Electrocitys for use on route 360.

In 2007, Travel London ordered five VDL SB120 Electrocitys for use on route 129.
## References
## Other websites
*Wrightbus Electrocity Wrightbus
VinFast Fadil

The **VinFast Fadil** is a City car made by VinFast from 2019 to 2022.

## History and Features 
The VinFast Fadil was launched in 2019 its a rebadged Opel Karl as part of a agreement between VinFast and General Motors it has a Crossover design (since it was rebadged from the Opel Karl Rocks version) and has only a 1.4 liter petrol engine with only a transmission option which is a CVT transmission.

## Markets 
The VinFast Fadil was sold mainly in The Vietnamese market during its production and became the best-selling car in Vietnam in 2021.

## Discontinuation 
The production of The VinFast Fadil ended in 2022 without a sucessor mainly due to Vinfast's focus on electric vehicles.

## References