open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Don Shepherd

**Donald John Shepherd** (12 August 1927 &ndash; 18 August 2017) was a Welsh cricketer. He played for Glamorgan. One of the great county bowlers, he took more first-class wickets, 2,218 at 21.32 each, than any other player who never played Test cricket. He was born in Port Eynon, Glamorgan, Wales. 

Shepherd played regularly to the end of the 1971 season, and then retired from first-class cricket after a few games in 1972. He often appeared as a summariser on BBC Radio Wales coverage of Glamorgan matches.

Shepherd died on 18 August 2017 in Glamorgan, Wales of vascular dementia, aged 90.

## References
Abdirahman Jama Barre

**Abdirahman Jama Barre** (Somali: Cabdiraxmaan Jaamac Barre, Arabic: عبد الرحمن جامع بري) (1937 – 15 August 2017) was a Somali politician. He twice served as the Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Somali Democratic Republic, and later as the Minister of Finance. He was also the 1st Deputy Prime Minister of Somalia. He served all three positions at the same time from 1987 through 1991. 

Barre was born in Luuq, Italian Somaliland. He studied at the University of Padua. Barra died in San Diego, California on 15 August 2017 at the age of 79.

## References
Dominick Cirillo

**Dominick Vincent "Quiet Dom" Cirillo** (July 4, 1929 – January 14, 2024) was an American gangster. He was a high-ranking member of the Genovese crime family, who briefly served as acting boss for the imprisoned Boss Vincent "Chin" Gigante. He was born in Harlem, New York. 

Cirillo represented the Genoveses in their dealings with the other Mafia families of New York City after Gigante was jailed, though Gigante remained in overall charge of the family. In this way, Cirillo served as "acting boss", and was seen by US authorities as the most powerful member of the Genovese family. However, in 1998 Cirillo stepped down as acting boss because of a heart attack.

On August 22, 2008, the 79-year-old Cirillo was released from federal prison after serving more than three years.

Cirillo died on January 14, 2024, at the age of 94.

## References
Venero Mangano

**Venero Frank "Benny Eggs" Mangano** (September 7, 1921 – August 18, 2017) was an American criminal. He was the underboss of the Genovese crime family. Since boss Daniel "Danny the Lion" Leo was imprisoned in 2007, Mangano was the family's senior leader outside prison. The nickname "Benny Eggs" came from his mother running an egg farm. He was released from prison on November 2, 2006, after serving a 15-year sentence for extortion.

## Windows case
From 1978 to 1990, four of the five crime families of New York formed a cartel of window replacement companies. The cartel eventually controlled over $150 million in contracts from the New York City Housing Authority (NYCHA).

## Convictions
As a member of the Genovese crime family, Mangano had a notable criminal record;
* October 7, 1946 - Bookmaking - $50 fine
* May 15, 1947 - Bookmaking - $200 fine
* October 8, 1950 - Bookmaking - $200 fine and 60 days imprisonment
* February 21, 1961 - Bookmaking - $250 fine and 90 days imprisonment
* August 6, 1981 - Civil contempt for refusing to testify once granted immunity - incarcerated from August 18, 1981 to April 22, 1982.

## After jail
In 1997, while still in prison, Mangano was called to testify against boss Gigante. He refused to testify, saying, "What do you want to do, shoot me?" and "Shoot me, but I'm not going to answer any questions". He later took the witness stand, but refused to answer any questions, invoking his Fifth Amendment rights.

## Death
Mangano died of congestive heart failure in New York City on August 18, 2017 at the age of 95.

## References
## More readings
*Jacobs, James B., Coleen Friel and Robert Radick. *Gotham Unbound: How New York City Was Liberated from the Grip of Organized Crime*. New York: NYU Press, 2001. 
*Raab, Selwyn. ''Five Families: The Rise, Decline, and Resurgence of America's Most Powerful Mafia Empires''. New York: St. Martin's Press, 2005.
Roger Pinto Molina

**Roger Pinto Molina** (23 April 1960 – 16 August 2017) was a Bolivian right-wing politician. Pinto was born in Santa Rosa, Beni. He was elected to the Chamber of Deputies in 1997, from the single-member constituency 67 in Pando (covering areas in the provinces Nicolás Suárez, Manuripi and General Federico Román) as a Nationalist Democratic Action (ADN) candidate.

In 2005, Pinto was elected to the Senate as a Podemos candidate from Pando. He served as the head of the Podemos faction in the Senate. He was reelected to the Senate in 2009, as a candidate of Plan Progress for Bolivia – National Convergence.

Pinto was accused of involvement in the September 11, 2008 massacre in Porvenir. Until his death, he sought refuge in the Brazilian Embassy in La Paz. He was granted asylum in Brazil but was not given safe conduct by Evo Morales Government to leave Bolivia.

Molina was killed in a plane crash on 16 August 2017 in Brazil at the age of 58.

## References
Lucien N. Nedzi

**Lucien Norbert Nedzi** (May 28, 1925 &ndash; June 9, 2025) was an American Democratic politician. He was a member of the United States House of Representatives from the State of Michigan from 1961 to 1981.

## Early life
Nedzi was born in Hamtramck, Michigan. He studied at the University of Detroit and at the University of Michigan.

## U.S. Representative
Nedzi was elected as a Democrat from Michigan's 1st congressional district to the 87th United States Congress in a special election in 1961 to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of United States Representative Thaddeus M. Machrowicz. He was re-elected in the 1962 election and two years later he was elected from the 14th district and every two years after that until he declined to seek re-election in the 1980 election.  In all, he served from November 7, 1961 to January 3, 1981.

Nedzi chaired the House Select Committee on Intelligence, known as the **Nedzi Committee**, from February 1975 until he controversially resigned in June; the successor was the Pike Committee. In addition, Nedzi chaired the Joint Committee on the Library from 1973 to 1979 and the Committee on House Administration from 1979 to 1981.

## Death
Nedzi died on June 9, 2025 in Chantilly, Virginia at the age of 100.

## References
## Other websites
*
Dale Kildee

**Dale Edward Kildee** (September 16, 1929 &ndash; October 13, 2021) was an American politician. He was a U.S. Representative from Michigan, serving from 1977 until 2013. He was a member of the Democratic Party. 

His district included Flint, Saginaw and Bay City. In July 2011, Kildee announced he would retire after his current term was up in 2012.

In November, 2011, Patrick Kildee, a second cousin of the congressman, accused Kildee of sexually abusing him more than 50 years ago when he was 12 years old. In response Kildee called the allegation untrue.

Kildee died on October 13, 2021 in Flint, Michigan at the age of 92.

## References
## Other websites
*Official U.S. House webpage 
*
Colin Meads

Sir **Colin Earl Meads** (3 June 1936 – 20 August 2017) was a New Zealand rugby union player, coach and manager. 

## Early life and Career 
He was born in Cambridge, New Zealand. He played 55 test matches (133 total games), most frequently in the lock forward position, for New Zealand's national team, the All Blacks, from 1957 until 1971.

Nicknamed 'Pinetree', he was an icon within New Zealand rugby, and was named the country's Player of the Century at the NZRFU Awards in 1999.

Meads died on 20 August 2017 in Te Kuiti, New Zealand of pancreatic cancer at the age of 81.

## References
## Other websites
*NZ Rugby Museum profile
*Player listing from Planet Rugby
Weston E. Vivian

**Weston "Wes" Edward Vivian** (October 25, 1924 &ndash; December 4, 2020) was a Canadian-born American politician and retired engineer. He served as a member of the United States House of Representatives for Michigan's 2nd congressional district from January 3, 1965 through January 3, 1967. He was a member of the Democratic Party.

Vivian was born in Newfoundland, Canada. He studied at Union College, at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and at University of Michigan at Ann Arbor. Vivian died on December 4, 2020 in Ann Arbor at the age of 96.

## References
## Other websites
*The Political Graveyard
Sirkka Selja

**Sirkka Selja** (20 March 1920 &ndash; 17 August 2017) was a Finnish poet and writer. She was born in Koski Hl, nowadays Hollola, Finland. Her real name was **Sirkka-Liisa Tulonen**.

Her first book was published in 1942 titled *Still I Live*. In addition to poems, her production includes a play and two listening works. Selja was awarded with the State Literature Prize of Finland in 1958, the Pro Finlandia in 1970, the Aleksis Kivi Prize in  1987 and the P. Mustapää Prize in 2007.

Selja died on 17 August 2017 of pneumonia in Hollola, Finland at the age of 97.

## References
Five Star Movement

The **Five Star Movement** (**M5S**; Italian: *Movimento 5 Stelle*) is an Italian political party. The leader is Giuseppe Conte.

The party was formed by Beppe Grillo and Gianroberto Casaleggio in October 2009. Beppe Grillo served as leader of the party from 2009 to 2017. In September 2017, Luigi Di Maio became leader of the party.

After the 2018 elections, the Five Star Movement became the largest party in the Italian Parliament. Also, the party formed a coalition with the right-wing Lega Nord.

After the break of the Cabinet, the party formed a coalition in the next Cabinet with the Democratic Party.

From 2014, the party has was a member of the Eurosceptic Europe of Freedom and Direct Democracy (EFDD) group in the European Parliament. However, in 2017 party members of the Five Star Movement voted to leave the EFDD.

## References
Optare Alero

The **Optare Alero** was a low-floor minibus, it was made from 2001 to 2008 by Optare. Most Aleros were used for rural routes.

## Alero 
From 2001 to 2006, Optare made the **Alero**.

## Alero Plus
From 2006 to 2008, Optare made the **Alero Plus**.

## References
## Other websites
*
* Product description in Optare website (Web Archive 2007/12/24)
* Bus and Coach Buyer Issue 990 Page 11
Nati Mistral

**Natividad Macho Álvarez** (13 December 1928 – 20 August 2017) was a Spanish movie and stage actress better known by the stage name **Nati Mistral**. She was born in Madrid, Spain. 

Mistral was known for her movie roles in ''The Captain's Ship* (1947), *Gold and Ivory* (1947), *Currito of the Cross* (1949), *Service at Sea* (1951), *Cabaret* (1953), *Lovers of Toledo* (1953), *My Street* (1960), and in *Mis tres amores'' (1971). She won the National Theater Prize in 1997.

Mistral died of complications from a stroke in Madrid on 20 August 2017 at the age of 88.

## References
## Other websites
*
Vicente Sota

**Vicente Sota Barros** (28 April 1924 &ndash; 16 August 2017) was a Chilean politician. He was born in Talca, Chile. He was a member of the Christian Democratic Party until, switching as a member of the Party for Democracy from 1987, until his death in 2017.

Sota served as Deputy President of the Chamber of Deputies from 1965 to 1969 and again from 1990 to 1998. He served as President of the Chamber of Deputies from 1994 to 1995.

Sota died on 16 August 2017, in Santiago de Chile at the age of 93.

## References
## Other websites
* Biography of Vicente Sota at the National Congressional Library of Chile
Bou Regreg

The **Bou Regreg** () is a river in western Morocco. It flows into the Atlantic Ocean between the cities of Rabat and Salé.  The mouth of this river is called **Wadi Sala**.

The river is 240 kilometres long, with a tidal estuary going approximately 24 kilometres upriver. Its average discharge is 23 m3/s and can reach 1500 m3/s during floods. The source of the river is the Middle Atlas mountains at an altitude of 1627 meters on the level of Jbel Mtourzgane (Province of Khemisset) and of Grou (Province of Khénifra).

## Water quality
Water quality issues of the Bou Regreg include tidal saltwater intrusion, excessive runoff of nitrates from agricultural land uses and mercury contamination from use of some pesticides in the drainage basin.

## History
The Phoenicians and the Carthaginians, who founded several colonies in Morocco, inhabited the banks of the Bou Regreg approximately two kilometers from its mouth at the ancient site of Chellah.  This archaeological site contains the ruins of a Roman town known as Sala Colonia and referred to as Sala by Ptolemy.  Chellah was a significant ancient port city with remains including the Decumanus Maximus, or principal roadway, as well as a forum, a monumental fountain, a triumphal arch, and other Roman ruins.

## References
List of Turkish scientists

:*Pages appear in :Category:Turkish scientists*
This is a **list of notable Turkish scientists**.

* Piri Reis (d. 1554 or 1555), Ottoman cartographer and admiral
* Feza Gürsey (d. 1992) - elected as a member of American Academy of Arts and Sciences; mathematician and physicist
* Aziz Sancar (b. 1946), received the 2015 Nobel Prize in Chemistry together with Tomas Lindahl and Paul Modrich for mechanistic studies of DNA repair
* Dani Rodrik (b. 1957)
* Mehmet Öz (b. 1960), scientist, surgeon and author

## Related pages
* List of scientists from the Middle East

## References
Moulay Hassan, Crown Prince of Morocco

**Crown Prince Moulay** (born 8 May 2003) is the heir apparent to  the Moroccan throne. He is the only son of King Mohammed VI of Morocco and his wife Princess Lalla Salma of Morocco. He has a younger sister, Princess Lalla Khadija. He is named after his grandfather Hassan II; who ascends the throne, he is expected to reign as Hassan III.

In 2013 Hassan began appearing in public with his father at official engagements.

Title 

8 May 2003 His Royal Highness The Crown Prince of Morocco 

## Honours 
*  : Knight Grand Cordon of the Order of the Republic (31 May 2014).

## Ancestry
## References
Princess Lalla Khadija of Morocco

**Princess Lalla Khadija of Morocco** (born 28 February 2007) is the second child of Mohammed VI of Morocco and his wife, Princess Lalla Salma. Lalla Khadija's elder brother is Moulay Hassan, Crown Prince of Morocco.

In honour of her birth, the king granted a royal pardon to thousands of prison inmates. Khadija visited Tunisia with her mother Lalla Salma in June 2009.

Title

28 February 2007 Her Royal Highness Princess Lalla Khadija of Morocco  

## Ancestry
## References
Lalla (title)

**Lalla** () (literally, "lady") is a (tamazight) Amazigh title of respect. The title is a prefix to her given name or personal name, and is used by females usually of noble or royal background. It may also be used to address older women out of respect. Any woman believed to be descended from Muhammad has the title of Lalla. Likewise, any man who is believed to be descended from Muhammad has the title of Sidi or Moulay (Moulay being a higher honorific).

## References
Princess Lalla Meryem of Morocco

**Princess Lalla Meryem also written /Myriam** (born 26 August 1962) is the eldest daughter and child of Late King Hassan II and Princess Lalla Latifa.

After she obtained her Baccalaureat in 1981, Princess Lalla Meryem was appointed by her father as the President of Social Works of the FAT.

On 15 September 1984, she married Fuad Filali (born 1957), the son of former Prime Minister and Foreign Affairs Minister Abdellatif Filali. They had two children: a daughter and a son:
* *Sharifa* Lalla Soukaïna Filali (born 30 April 1986 in Rabat). On 11 October 2013 married Mohammed El Mehdi Regragui. On 27 September 2015, she gave birth to twins.
* *Moulay* Idris Filali (born 11 July 1988 in Rabat).

Lalla Meryem divorced from Fuad Filali in 1999.

Princess Meryem has two brothers King Mohammed VI and Prince Moulay Rachid, and two sisters Lalla Asma and Lalla Hasna.

Holder of numerous prestigious official functions, Princess Meryem has focused much of her activities on the social and cultural realm. Princess Meryem is the President of the Moroccan association in support of UNICEF, President of the Hassan II Foundation for the Moroccans residing abroad, President of the Moroccan National Observatory of the Childs Rights and President of the Hassan II Foundation for the social works of the former soldiers and ex-combatants. In July 2001, she was nominated UNESCO Goodwill Ambassador with focus her Ambassadorship on UNESCO projects for women and children. Also Member of the Honorary Committee of the International Centre for Missing & Exploited Children.

Since 2003 she is President of the National Union of Moroccan Women (UNFM).

Using her Royal status, she continues her work on behalf of women and children and advocate their rights on an international level.

## Honours
### National honours
* Knight Grand Cordon of the Order of the Throne.

### Foreign honours
* Knight Grand Cross of the Royal Victorian Order (United Kingdom, 27/10/1980).
* Grand Cordon of the Order of Merit (Lebanese Republic, 17/07/2001).

## Ancestry
## References
Philip Ruppe

**Philip Edward Ruppe** (born September 29, 1926) is an American politician. He is a member of the Republican Party. He served in the U.S. House of Representatives from 1967 to 1979 before running, unsuccessfully for the United States Senate in 1982. 

He is a Korean War veteran, having served as a lieutenant in the U.S. Navy. After leaving the U.S. House, Ruppe became active in business before running for election, without success, to the 103rd Congress.

## Other websites
* The Political Graveyard
Khenifiss National Park

**Khenifiss National Park** () is a national park in the southwest of Morocco, located near Akhfennir on the Atlantic coast in the region of Laâyoune-Sakia El Hamra. It was established in 2006. The area of the park is . The national park was created to protect desert, wetlands, and coastal dunes.

The park was first created as a natural reserve in 1960, and in 1980, it was classified as a wetland of international importance. In 1983, the natural reserve was transformed into a Permanent Biological Reserve, and on September&nbsp;26, 2006, the national park was created.

## References
*
Akhfennir

**Akhfennir** is a small town in Tarfaya Province, in the Laâyoune-Sakia El Hamra region of Morocco. The area is noted for Khenifiss National Park and Tarfaya-Akhfenir Wind Farm.

## References 
## Other websites
Princess Lalla Salma of Morocco

**Princess Lalla Salma** (, ; born 10 May 1977, Fes) was a princess of Morocco as the wife of the Prince of Morocco. She belongs to the Bennani family who were originally Jewish converts to Islam.

## References
## Other websites
Donald McKenzie (disambiguation)

**Don** or **Donald McKenzie** (also **Mackenzie** or **MacKenzie**) may refer to:

;McKenzie
* Don McKenzie (curler), Canadian curler, see 1988 Hexagon World Men's Curling Championship
* Don McKenzie (footballer, born 1927), Scottish footballer (Grimsby Town)
* Don McKenzie (footballer, born 1939), Australian rules footballer with Essendon
* Don McKenzie (footballer, born 1942), Australian rules footballer and coach of Footscray
* Don McKenzie (sports medicine), Canadian founder of *Abreast In A Boat*
* Don McKenzie (swimmer) (born 1947), American Olympic swimmer
* Donald Gordon McKenzie (1887–1963), member of the Legislative Assembly of Manitoba
* Donnie McKenzie (born 1960), British Olympic fencer

;MacKenzie
* Donald MacKenzie (rower) (1879–?), Canadian rower who won a medal at the 1904 Summer Olympics
* Donald Angus MacKenzie, (born 1950) professor of sociology at the University of Edinburgh, Scotland
* Donald MacKenzie (Ontario politician), provincial politician from Middlesex East, 1883-1886

;Mackenzie
* Donald Mackenzie, Lord Mackenzie (1818&ndash;1875), Scottish judge, styled Lord Mackenzie
* Donald Mackenzie (explorer) (1753&ndash;1851), Scottish-Canadian explorer and governor of the Red River Settlement
* Donald Alexander Mackenzie (1873&ndash;1936), Scottish journalist and writer on mythology
* Donald Mackenzie-Kennedy, Governor of Nyasaland (1939–1942)

;Other
* *The Strength of Donald McKenzie*, 1916 American silent short film
Bajram Rexhepi

**Bajram Rexhepi** (3 June 1954 – 21 August 2017) was a Kosovar politician. He was the former Interior Minister of the Republic of Kosovo and was member of the Kosovo Assembly. He was also the first elected post-war Prime Minister of Kosovo. He was a member of the second largest political party in Kosovo, the Democratic Party of Kosovo (PDK).

## References
Mohamed Refaat El-Saeed

**Mohammed Refaat El-Saeed** ( *Muhammad Rifaʻatu s-Saʻīd*, 11 October 1932 ­– 17 August 2017) was an Egyptian politician, scholar and writer. El-Saeed held two doctorates in history, and was a part-time lecturer at the American University in Cairo.

## References
Abdur Razzak

**Abdur Razzak** (23 January 1942 – 21 August 2017) was a Bangladeshi actor and movie director. He was known as **Nayak Raj**, a title given by Ahmed Zaman Chowdhury, editor of *Chitrali*. He was given the Independence Day Award in 2015 by the Government of Bangladesh.

His first big break in cinema came with his role in Zahir Raihan's *Behula* (1966). He went on to make more than 300 appearances in Bengali and Urdu movies. He also directed around sixteen movies.

Razzak was a UNFPA goodwill ambassador.

## References
## Other websites
* The Beginning of Super Star – Nayakraaj Razzak The Legendary Actor
Brian Aldiss

**Brian Wilson Aldiss**, OBE (; 18 August 1925 – 19 August 2017) was an English writer and anthologies editor. He was best known for science fiction novels and short stories. His byline reads either **Brian W. Aldiss** or simply **Brian Aldiss**, except for occasional pseudonyms during the mid-1960s. 

## Work
Greatly influenced by science fiction pioneer H. G. Wells, Aldiss was a vice-president of the international H. G. Wells Society. He was (with Harry Harrison) co-president of the Birmingham Science Fiction Group. 

Aldiss was named a Grand Master by the Science Fiction Writers of America in 2000, and inducted by the Science Fiction Hall of Fame in 2004. He received two Hugo Awards, one Nebula Award, and one John W. Campbell Memorial Award. He wrote the short story "Super-Toys Last All Summer Long" (1969), the basis for the Stanley Kubrick-developed Steven Spielberg movie *A.I. Artificial Intelligence*. Aldiss was associated with the British New Wave of science fiction.

## Death
Aldiss died at his Oxford home one day after his 92nd birthday on 19 August 2017.

## References
## Other websites
* 
* Brian Aldiss  at British Council: Literature
* *Guardian* newspaper profile
* Brian Aldiss's online fiction  at *Free Speculative Fiction Online*
* 'Metropolis'  limited edition fine art print by Brian Aldiss
* "Supertoys Last All Summer Long" story by Brian Aldiss (Jan 1997)
* Brian Aldiss Collection  at the University of South Florida
Helmut Piirimäe

**Helmut Piirimäe** (September 8, 1930 &mdash; 21 August 2017) was an Estonian historian. He was born Põltsamaa, Estonia. He was *professor emeritus* of University of Tartu, and an honorary doctor of University of Uppsala. Piirimäe researched Estonian history under the Swedish Empire in the 17th century, but also the Enlightenment in the 18th century, especially the French Revolution.

Piirimäe was married to art historian Krista Piirimäe. They had three sons and a daughter.

Piirimäe died on 21 August 2017 in Tartu, Estonia at the age of 86.

## References
## Other websites
*Helmut Piirimäe's publications  (in Estonian)
Paavo Lonkila

**Paavo Olavi Lonkila** (*Paavo Lång*; 11 January 1923 &ndash; 23 September 2017) was a Finnish cross-country skier. He was born in Kiuruvesi, Finland.

Lonkila won a gold medal in the 4×10&nbsp;km relay at the 1952 Olympics and finished third in the individual 18&nbsp;km race, 11 seconds behind his teammate Tapio Mäkelä. Earlier his 4×10&nbsp;km relay team placed second at the 1950 FIS Nordic World Ski Championships, where he finished fifth over 18&nbsp;km. He won the 18&nbsp;km event at the 1951 Holmenkollen ski festival. Lonkila was a farmer by occupation.

Lonkila died on 23 September 2017 in Kiuruvesi, Finland at the age of 94.

## References
## Other websites
*Holmenkollen winners since 1892  – click Vinnere for downloadable pdf file 
*[Paavo Lonkila, a Famous Kiuruvesi sportsman](http://ejournal.eduprojects.net/lip13/index.php?action%5B%5D=IArticleShow::showArticle(8692))
Christopher G. Kennedy

**Christopher George Kennedy** (born July 4, 1963) is an American businessman. He is Chair of Joseph P. Kennedy Enterprises, Inc. He is a son of former U.S. Senator Robert F. Kennedy, a member of the Kennedy family. Kennedy served as Chair of the Board of Trustees for the University of Illinois from 2009 to 2015. Until April 2012, he was also president of Merchandise Mart Properties, a commercial property management firm based in Chicago.

He was a candidate in the Democratic Party primary for Governor of Illinois in the 2018 election.

## References
List of paintings by Edvard Munch

, Oslo]]
This is a list of paintings by Edvard Munch. Munch was a Norwegian symbolist painter and printmaker. He is best known for *The Scream*. This list is from Gerd Woll's catalogue raisonné from 2008.

## References
* 

## Notes
Daniel Biss

**Daniel Kálmán Biss** (born August 27, 1977) is an American mathematician and politician. Biss is the Mayor of Evanston, Illinois since 2021. He was a member of the Illinois Senate from the 9th district, serving from January 2013 to January 2019. The district includes Chicago's northern suburbs, including Evanston, Glencoe, Glenview, Golf, Morton Grove, Golf, Northbrook, Northfield, Skokie, Wilmette, and Winnetka. 

Biss previously served in the Illinois House of Representatives from 2011 to 2013.

He was a candidate in the Democratic Party primary for Governor of Illinois in the 2018 election.

Biss announced his candidacy for Mayor of Evanston, Illinois in the 2021 election in November 2020. He won the election in a landslide victory in February 2021.

In May 2025, Biss announced his candidacy to represent Illinois’s 9th congressional district in the United States House of Representatives in the 2026 election. Biss won the Democratic primary in March 2026.

## References
Tarfaya Province

**Tarfaya** is a province in the Moroccan economic region of Laâyoune-Sakia El Hamra, which includes the southwestern part of the territory of Morocco as of before 1975, and the northern part of the disputed territory of Western Sahara. Its population in 2004 was 10420. Its main town is Tarfaya.

In the north-east of the province, Khenifiss National Park is located.

## Subdivisions
The province is divided administratively into the following:

Notes :
* Before 2009, these communes were part of the  Laâyoune Province.
* (eh) The two communes of Daoura and El Hagounia are located for their largest part in Western Sahara.

## References
Ameya Pawar

**Ameya Pawar** (born April 22, 1980) is an American politician. He was the alderman for the 47th Ward of the City of Chicago. He was first elected in the 2011 municipal elections, and was elected to a second term on February 24, 2015. Pawar's 2015 re-election was secured with over 82% of the vote, the largest margin in the election cycle. 

Pawar is the first Indian American and Asian American in Chicago City Council history.

He was a candidate in the Democratic Party primary for Governor of Illinois in the 2018 election. He lost the primary to businessman JB Pritzker.

## References
Kent Lee

**Kent Liston Lee** (July 28, 1923 – August 11, 2017) was a Vice Admiral of the United States Navy. The 36-year veteran of the Navy saw combat in World War II and commanded the aircraft carrier  during the Vietnam War. He was best known for his work in driving the development and procurement of the F/A-18 Hornet.

Lee died in Charlottesville, Virginia on August 11, 2017 at the age of 94.

## References
Perch Zeytuntsyan

**Perch Zeytuntsyan** (, July 18, 1938 &ndash; August 21, 2017) was an Egyptian-born Armenian playwright and screenwriter. He served as Minister of Culture of Armenia from 1990 to 1991.

In 1975, Zeytuntsyan became the executive secretary of the Writer’s Union of Armenia, a position he held until 1981. He went on to become the Minister of Culture in the first post-Soviet administration of the Republic of Armenia.

## References
Vicente Iturat

**Vicente Iturat Gil** (22 August 1928 – 18 August 2017) was a Spanish cyclist. He won the Points classification in the 1957 Vuelta a España. He was born in Alcalà de Xivert, Spain.

Iturat died on 18 August 2017 in Vilanova i la Geltrú, Spain at the age of 88.

## References
Scott Drury

**Scott Drury** (born 1972) is an American politician. He is the Illinois state representative for the 58th district and a Democratic candidate for governor. The 58th district includes all or parts of Bannockburn, Deerfield, Glencoe, Highwood, Highland Park, Lake Bluff Lake Forest, Lincolnshire, Northbrook and North Chicago.

He was a candidate in the Democratic Party primary for Governor of Illinois in the 2018 election.

## References
Susana Mendoza

**Susana Mendoza** (born May 13, 1972) is an American politician and the current Comptroller of Illinois. She formerly served as Chicago City Clerk and as a Illinois State Representative, representing the 1st District of Illinois – which included the Chicago communities of Brighton Park, Little Village, Gage Park and Back of the Yards. 

She was first elected in 2001 and served into her sixth term, when she won the election for Chicago City Clerk in February 2011.

On November 2, 2018 a video leaked from Mendoza’s campaign showing her plans to run for Mayor of Chicago in 2019 even though she successfully ran for re-election as Comptroller in 2018. Eight days after winning her re-election on November 14, Mendoza launched her mayoral campaign. She lost in the first round of the election.

In July 2025, Mendoza announced that she would not run for re-election in 2026.

## References
## Other websites
* Office of the Chicago City Clerk
* Rep. Susana Mendoza (D) 1st District,  *97th Illinois General Assembly (2011-2012)*
* Rep. Susana Mendoza (D) 1st District,  *96th Illinois General Assembly (2009-2010)*
* Rep. Susana Mendoza (D) 1st District,  *95th Illinois General Assembly (2007-2008)*
* Rep. Susana Mendoza (D) 1st District,  *94th Illinois General Assembly (2005-2006)*
* Rep. Susana Mendoza (D) 1st District,  *93rd Illinois General Assembly (2003-2004)*
* Rep. Susana Mendoza (D) 1st District, *92nd Illinois General Assembly (2001-2002) - No links provided by http://www.ilga.gov*
* Susana A. Mendoza for IL Comptroller *Official Campaign Website*
*
City Clerk of Chicago

The **City Clerk of Chicago** is in charge of record-keeping for the city of Chicago and its elections. When the Chicago City Council is in session, the City Clerk serves as council secretary. This position is a citywide elected office.

The City Clerk's office is responsible for maintaining official city government records, distributing approximately 1.3 million vehicle stickers and residential parking permits, and issuing city business licenses.

The current city clerk is Anna M. Valencia since 2017.

## Other websites
*Office of the City Clerk
Premier Guitar

***Premier Guitar*** is a music magazine. A new issue is made every month. Articles in the magazine are usually about guitar players. The magazine has interviews, reviews, and information on how to play songs on guitar or bass guitar. The magazine started in 2007. .

## Other websites
**Premier Guitar* website
Stanisław Tym

**Stanisław Aleksy Tym** (17 July 1937 &ndash; 6 December 2024) was a Polish movie director, screenwriter, dramatist and actor. Tym directed one movie *Ryś* in 2007. He was best known for his role Ryszard Ochódzki in cult polish movie *Teddy Bear* and two sequels: *Controlled Conversations* and *Ryś*.

Tym was born in Małkinia Górna, Poland. He died on 6 December 2024, at the age of 87.

## References
## Other websites
*
Mercedes-Benz O309

The **Mercedes-Benz O 309** was the bus version of the Düsseldorfer Transporter, It was built by Mercedes-Benz from 1967 to 1986.

## Related pages
*Mercedes-Benz T2 - The van version of the Mercedes-Benz O309

## Other websites
*
Tony deBrum

**Tony deBrum** (February 26, 1945 &ndash; August 22, 2017) was a Marshallese politician and government minister. From 2012 and 2014, he was the Minister in Assistance to the President of Marshall Islands. He was an activist relating to climate change, and has been part of many conferences and demonstrations, including the People’s Climate March in New York City in September 2014.

In mid December 2015, he took part in the 2015 United Nations Climate Change Conference. He succeeded to form a new coalition between developed countries and developing countries called "High Ambition Coalition".

He was Foreign Minister of the Marshall Islands from 1979 till 1987, 2008 till 2009 and 2014 till 2016.

deBrum died at his home in Majuro, Marshall Islands on August 22, 2017 at the age of 72.

## References
Willamette River

The **Willamette River** is a major tributary of the Columbia River, accounting for 12 to 15&nbsp;percent of the Columbia's flow. The Willamette's main stem is  long, lying entirely in northwestern Oregon in the United States. Flowing northward between the Oregon Coast Range and the Cascade Range, the river and its tributaries form the Willamette Valley, a basin that contains two-thirds of Oregon's population, including the state capital, Salem, and the state's largest city, Portland, which surrounds the Willamette's mouth at the Columbia.

Originally created by plate tectonics about 35&nbsp;million years ago and subsequently altered by volcanism and erosion, the river's drainage basin was significantly modified by the Missoula Floods at the end of the most recent ice age. Humans began living in the watershed over 10,000&nbsp;years ago. There were once many tribal villages along the lower river and in the area around its mouth on the Columbia. Indigenous peoples lived throughout the upper reaches of the basin as well.

## References
## Works cited
* Bright, William (2004). *Native American Placenames of the United States*. Norman, Oklahoma: University of Oklahoma Press. . .
Litokwa Tomeing

**Iroij Litokwa Tomeing** (14 October 1939 &ndash; 12 October 2020) was a Marshallese politician. He was the President of the Marshall Islands from January 2008 until October 2009.

Tomeing died on 12 October 2020 in Springdale, Arkansas, two days before his 81st birthday.

## References
## Other websites
*Office of the President 
*President Tomeing's address to the 63rd session of the United Nations General Assembly, September 25, 2008
Coat of arms of Morocco

The current **coat of arms of Morocco** (formally, the royal coat of arms) was introduced 14 August 1957. It was developed by the graphic artists Gauthier and Hainaut and shows a green pentagram, specifically a two-dimensional Penrose pentacle on a red background before the Atlas Mountains and a rising sun. The royal crown is on top. Two lions function as the holders of the shield. On the ribbon underneath, the Arabic inscription is written: () (*If you glorify God, He will glorify you*) (Quran, Verse 7, Sura 47).
Chicago City Council

The **Chicago City Council** is the legislative branch of the government of the City of Chicago in Illinois.  It is made up of 50 aldermen elected from 50 wards to serve four-year terms.  

## Background
The Chicago City Council is set into session regularly (usually monthly) to consider ordinances, orders, and resolutions whose subject matter includes traffic code changes, utilities, taxes, and many other issues.  The presiding officer of the Chicago City Council is the Mayor of Chicago.  The secretary is the City Clerk of Chicago.  Both positions are popularly elected offices.

The Chicago City Council Chambers are located in Chicago City Hall. Also located in the building are the downtown offices of the individual aldermen and staff.

## List of aldermen
## Notes
## References
Margot Hielscher

**Margot Hielscher** (29 September 1919 &ndash; 20 August 2017) was a German singer and actress. She appeared in over fifty movies between and 1939 and 1994. 

Hielscher was born in Berlin. In 1989, she starred in the TV series *Rivalen der Rennbahn*. Hielscher died in Munich on 20 August 2017, aged 97.

In 1978, Hielscher was awarded the "Bundesverdienstkreuz" and in 1985 the "Filmband in Gold" for her achievements in German cinema.

## Eurovision Song Contest 
In 1957, she was chosen to represent Germany at the Eurovision Song Contest 1957 with the song "Telefon, Telefon" *(Telephone, Telephone)*. The song finished fourth out of ten, with eight points.

Hielscher was chosen again to represent Germany at the Eurovision Song Contest 1958 with the song "Für Zwei Groschen Musik" *(Music For Two Pennies)*. The song finished seventh out of ten, with 5 points.

## References
1970 California gubernatorial election

The **California gubernatorial election, 1970** was held on November 3, 1970. The incumbent, Republican Ronald Reagan, won re-election over Democrat and Speaker of the Assembly Jesse "Big Daddy" Unruh.

Reagan won 3,439,174 (52,83%) of the vote while Unruh won 2,938,607 (45.14%) of the vote.

## References
## Other websites
* California Elections Page
* Reagan Heritage
Jesse M. Unruh

**Jesse Marvin Unruh** (September 30, 1922 – August 4, 1987), also known as **Big Daddy Unruh**, was an American Democratic politician. He was California State Treasurer. Unruh unsuccessfully ran for Governor of California against Ronald Reagan int the 1970 gubernatorial election. In 1973, Unruh ran unsuccessfully for Mayor of Los Angeles.

Unruh died of prostate cancer at his home in Marina Del Rey, California on August 4, 1987. He was 64 years old.

## References
1966 California gubernatorial election

The **California gubernatorial election, 1966** was held on November 8, 1966. The election was a race between incumbent Governor Pat Brown, the Democratic candidate, and actor Ronald Reagan, the Republican candidate. 

## Background
After his re-election victory over former Vice President Richard Nixon in 1962, Brown was strongly considered for Lyndon Johnson's 1964 ticket, a spot that eventually went to Hubert Humphrey. However, Brown's popularity began to sag amidst the civil disorders of the Watts riots and the early anti-Vietnam War demonstrations at U.C. Berkeley.

The Republicans seized upon Brown's sudden unpopularity by nominating a well known and charismatic political outsider – actor Ronald Reagan. With Richard Nixon working tirelessly behind the scenes and Reagan trumpeting his law and order campaign message, Reagan received almost 2/3 of the primary vote over George Christopher, the moderate Republican former mayor of San Francisco.

## Results
Reagan won the election in a landslide victory with 3,742,913 (57.55%) of the vote to Brown's 2,479,174 (42.27%).

## References
## Other websites
* Autumn and Cardboard: The 1966 California Gubernatorial Election
* Reagan Heritage 
* Bepress (pg 13)
* SFgate
Madhukar Hiralal Kania

**Madhukar Hiralal Kania** (M. H. Kania) (born 18 November 1927) is an Indian politician. He was the 23rd Chief Justice of India, serving from 13 December 1991 until his retirement on 17 November 1992. His uncle was Harilal J. Kania, the first Chief Justice of India. He was born in Bombay, India.

He began his legal career in 1964, and was appointed as a Judge of Bombay High Court in November-1971. In June 1986 he was appointed as Chief Justice of the Bombay High Court.

In May 1987, he was appointed as a Judge of the Supreme Court of India, and became the Chief Justice of India in December 1991.

## Other websites
* Brief biography at http://supremecourtofindia.nic.in/
Furna

**Furna** is a municipality of the district Davos in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland.

## References
Manepalli Narayana Rao Venkatachaliah

**Manepalli Narayana Rao Venkatachaliah** (born 25 October 1929) is an Indian politician. He was the 25th Chief Justice of India. He served as Chief Justice from 1993 to 1994.

Post retirement, he has continued to work on anti-corruption and human rights issues, including support for the launch of the Initiatives of Change Centre for Governance in 2003.

He served as the Chairman of National Human Rights Commission from 1996 to 1998 and in 2000 he headed National Commission to review the working of the Constitution.

## References
Dipak Misra

**Justice Dipak Misra** (born 3 October 1953) was the Judge of the Supreme Court and the Chief Justice of India. He took over as the 45th Chief Justice of India (CJI), succeeding the 44th CJI, Justice J. S. Khehar.

He was a judge of the Supreme Court of India and a former Chief Justice of the Patna and Delhi High Courts. He's the nephew of Justice Ranganath Misra, who was the 21st CJI during 1990-91.

## References
Rishang Keishing

**Rishang Keishing** (25 October 1920 – 22 August 2017) was an Indian politician. He was a senior politician of the Indian National Congress party was a Member of the Parliament of India representing Manipur in the Rajya Sabha, the upper house of the Indian Parliament. Keishing served as Chief Minister of Manipur from 1980 to 1988 and from 1994 to 1997. He was from Bungpa village, Ukhrul District, Manipur.

He was the oldest serving parliamentarian in the world, his term at Rajya Sabha, the Upper House of Indian Parliament ends 9 April 2014.

Keishing died on 22 August 2017, aged 96, in Imphal, Manipur of multiple organ failure.

## References
Boris Spremo

**Boris Spremo** (Serbian Cyrillic: Борис Спремо; October 20, 1935 &ndash; August 21, 2017) was a Yugoslavian-born Canadian photojournalist. 

## Career
Spremo found work with *The Globe and Mail*, and finished his career with the *Toronto Star*. The *Toronto Star* later called him "a legend in the business". Some of his photographs appeared in both Canadian and American magazines. He was known for his collages depicting life in Toronto.

## Death
Spremo died of complications of multiple myeloma in Toronto on August 21, 2017 at the age of 81.

## Awards
Spremo won many regional and international awards for his work, including being the first Canadian ever to win a World Press Photo award. He was named a member of the Order of Canada in 1997.

## References
## Other websites
* Official site
Matthew Kia Yen-wen

**Matthew Kia Yen-wen**,  (Chinese language: 賈彥文; January 17, 1925 – August 22, 2017) was a Chinese Bishop of Hualien and Chiayi, and served as Archbishop of Taipei. From 2015 until his death in 2017, he was the Archbishop Emeritus of Taipei. He was born in Yuenshi Hsien. 

Kia was ordained on July 15, 1951 in Tainan, Taiwan. He was appointed the first Bishop of Chiayi on May 21, 1970 and installed on July 16, 1970. He was appointed Bishop of Hualien on December 14, 1974. He became the Archbishop of Taipei on November 18, 1978. He resigned on February 11, 1989.

Kia died on August 22, 2017 in Taipei, Taiwan at the age of 92.

## References
2018 Illinois gubernatorial election

The **2018 Illinois gubernatorial election** took place on November 6, 2018, to elect the Governor of Illinois.  The Democratic and Republican primary elections took place on March 20, 2018 and the Libertarian Party state convention was held on March 4th. against Democrat J. B. Pritzker and Libertarian Kash Jackson.

In March 2018, the primary results concluded with J. B. Pritzker winning the Democratic nomination with Rauner winning the Republican nomination.  Meanwhile, Kash Jackson won the Libertarian Party nomination during a state convention in Bloomington, IL.

Pritzker defeated incumbent Rauner in the general election by a landslide.

## Republican Party
### Candidates
#### Declared
* Jeanne Ives, State Representative
** Running mate: Richard Morthland, former State Representative
* Bruce Rauner, incumbent Governor
* Running mate: Litesa Wallace, State Representative. Wallace replaced Ramirez-Rosa on September 8, 2017.
*Former running mate: Carlos Ramirez-Rosa, Chicago Alderman. Biss removed Ramirez-Rosa from the ticket on September 6, 2017.
* Bob Daiber, Madison County Regional Superintendent of Schools
* Running mate: Jonathan W. Todd, social worker
* Tio Hardiman, former director of CeaseFire and candidate for Governor in 2014
* Running mate: Patricia Avery, President and CEO of the Champaign County chapter of the NAACP.
* Chris Kennedy, former Chairman of the University of Illinois Board of Trustees and member of the Kennedy family
*Running mate: Ra Joy, executive director of CHANGE Illinois, a government reform coalition.
* Alex Paterakis, civil engineer and business owner.
* J. B. Pritzker, venture capitalist and philanthropist
* Running mate: Juliana Stratton, State Representative

File:Daniel Biss 2012 (cropped).jpg|
File:Gray - replace this image male.svg|
File:Gray - replace this image male.svg|
File:Chris Kennedy Chi Hack Night 15 (cropped).png|
File:Gray - replace this image male.svg|
File:J. B. Pritzker.png|

#### Withdrawn
*Scott Drury, State Representative, withdrew on September 19, 2017. He is running for Illinois Attorney General.
* Former running mate: Alex Hirsch, political operative
*Ameya Pawar, Chicago Alderman, withdrew on October 12, 2017
* Former running mate: Tyrone Coleman, mayor of Cairo, Illinois

### Polling
### Primary results
## Libertarian Party
### Candidates
#### Winner
* Kash Jackson, Navy Veteran and activist
#### Failed
* Jon Stewart, retired professional wrestler, Republican candidate for the State House in 1998 and Republican candidate for IL-05 in 2009

File:Grayson "Kash" Jackson.jpg|
File:Gray - replace this image male.svg|

## General election
### Predictions 
### Polling
;with Jeanne Ives and J. B. Pritzker

;with Bruce Rauner and Chris Kennedy

;with Bruce Rauner and Daniel Biss

;with Bruce Rauner and generic Democrat

;with Jeanne Ives and Chris Kennedy

;with Bruce Rauner and Dick Durbin

## References
Gordon Williams

**Gordon Williams** may refer to:

* Gordon M. Williams (1934–2017), Scottish author
* Gordon Williams (footballer) (born 1929), English footballer
* Gordon E. Williams (born 1935), U.S. Air Force officer
Gordon Williams (footballer)

**Gordon Williams** (born 22 February 1929, died 2002) was an English footballer. He was born in Newcastle upon Tyne, England.

Williams played as a centre forward in the Football League for Sheffield United and Darlington. He made five league appearances for each club and scored once, for Darlington, on 4 November 1950 in a 3–2 home win against Scunthorpe United in the Third Division North.

## References
Gordon E. Williams

**Gordon E. Williams** (born 1935) is a retired United States Air Force officer. He was a command pilot with more than 4,000 flying hours, he flew numerous Air Force and Navy aircraft. Upon his retirement on 1 August 1988, he was the director for plans and policy, J-5, Headquarters United States European Command, Stuttgart-Vaihingen, West Germany.

He was the commander of the 81st Tactical Fighter Wing, being stationed at RAF Bentwaters, England, in 1980 at the time of the Rendlesham Forest incident.

## References
## Other websites
*
Thomas Meehan

**Thomas Edward Meehan** (August 14, 1929 &ndash; August 21, 2017) was an American writer. He was best known for *Annie*, *The Producers*, and *Hairspray*. Meehan wrote books for musicals *Young Frankenstein* and *Cry-Baby*.  Meehan also co-wrote the book for *Elf: The Musical* and *Limelight: The Story of Charlie Chaplin*.

Meehan won a Primetime Emmy Award in 1970, six Drama Desk Awards, and three Tony Awards. 

Meehan was born in Ossining, New York, but grew up in Suffern, New York. 

Meehan died on August 21, 2017 in Greenwich Village, New York City from cancer and surgical complications at the age of 88.

## References
## Other websites
*
James Joseph Dresnok

**James Joseph Dresnok** (November 24, 1941 &ndash; November 2016) was an American-born North Korean actor, translator and teacher. One of six American soldiers to defect to North Korea after the Korean War.

After defecting, Dresnok worked as an actor in propaganda movies, some directed by Kim Jong-il, and as an English teacher in Pyongyang. He was featured on the CBS magazine program *60 Minutes* on January 28, 2007, as the last United States defector alive in North Korea. He was also the subject of a documentary movie, *Crossing the Line* which was shown at the 2007 Sundance Film Festival.

In April 2017, a Western news organization that focuses on North Korea reported that Dresnok had died the previous year. On 21 August 2017, Dresnok's sons confirmed that he had died of a stroke in November 2016.

## References