open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Dawson Mathis

**Marvin Dawson Mathis** (November 30, 1940 – April 17, 2017) was an American politician. He served in U.S. Representative as a Democrat, representing Georgia's 2nd congressional district from 1971 through 1981.

Mathis was born in Nashville, Georgia. He studied at South Georgia College in Douglas, Georgia. From 1964 to 1970, he was news director of WALB-TV in Albany, Georgia.

Mathis was elected as a Democrat to the United States House of Representatives serving in Congresses from January 3, 1971 through January 3, 1981. He was an unsuccessful candidate for nomination to the United States Senate in 1980. 

In 1982 he tried to win his old seat in the house but lost to successor Charles Hatcher in the Democratic primary. He became a private advocate. He lived in Nashville, Georgia.

Mathis died in April 2017 in Tifton, Georgia from complications of pneumonia, aged 76.

## References
## Other websites
*
Moses Nagamootoo

**Moses Veerasammy Nagamootoo** (born November 30, 1947 in Whim) is a Guyanese politician of the Alliance for Change. 

He was the Prime Minister of Guyana from May 20, 2015 to August 2, 2020.

He has also written a novel.
T.J. Perkins

**Theodore James "T.J." Perkins** (born September 3, 1984) is an American professional wrestler. He is currently working for New Japan Pro-Wrestling (NJPW), where he previously wrestled from 2001–2005. He is also known for his time in Ring of Honor (2003–2012), TNA/Impact Wrestling (2004–2016, and 2019–2021) and WWE (2016–2019). He currently uses the ring name **TJP** and has also performed as **Suicide** and **Manik** in TNA.

Perkins is a two-time TNA/Impact X Division Champion, three-time IWGP Junior Heavyweight Tag Team Champion, the winner of WWE's Cruiserweight Classic, and as a result, the first holder of the new WWE Cruiserweight Championship. He is the youngest American to have competed for NJPW.
***All Pro Wrestling**
**APW Worldwide Internet Championship (1 time)
***Alternative Wrestling Show**
**AWS Light Heavyweight Championship (2 times)
***Big Time Wrestling**
**BTW Cruiserweight Championship (1 time)
***Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre**
**Best New Sensation (2003)
**Feud of the Year (2003)
**EWF Tag Team Championship (1 time) – with Liger Rivera
***Evolve Wrestling**
**Breakout Match (2010) vs. Munenori Sawa on January 16
***High Risk Wrestling**
**HRW Hi-Desert Championship (1 time)
***House of Glory**
**HOG Crown Jewel Championship (1 time)
***Mach One Wrestling**
**NWA Heritage Championship (1 time)
***New Japan Pro-Wrestling**
**IWGP Junior Heavyweight Tag Team Championship (3 times) – with Francesco Akira
**Super Jr. Tag League (2023) – with Francesco Akira
**American Young Lions Cup Tournament (2004)
***Power Precision Pro Wrestling**
**3PWA Tag Team Championship (1 time) – with Damian Blade
****Pro Wrestling Illustrated***
**Ranked No. 35 of the top 500 singles wrestlers in the PWI 500 in 2017
***SoCal Uncensored**
**Rookie of the Year (2001)
***Total Nonstop Action Wrestling/Impact Wrestling**
**TNA/Impact X Division Championship (2 times)
**TNA X Division Championship Tournament (2013)
** Impact Year End Awards (1 time)
*** Men's Match of the Year (2021) 
***Toy Wrestling Organisation**
**T.W.O World Champion (1 time)
***United Independent Wrestling Alliance** 
**UIWA Lightweight Championship (1 time)
***UWA Hardcore Wrestling**
**UWA Canadian Heavyweight Championship (1 time)
***World Power Wrestling**
**Best in the World Tournament (2006)
* **World Series Wrestling**
** WSW Australian Championship (1 time, current, first)
***WWE**
**WWE Cruiserweight Championship (1 time, first)
**Cruiserweight Classic (2016)

## References
## Other websites
*
*
Maple Valley

**Maple Valley** is a small city in King County, Washington, USA. Its zip code is 98038. At the time of the 2020 census, its population was 28,013.

## References
*
Sylvia Moy

**Sylvia Rose Moy** (September 15, 1938 – April 15, 2017) was an American songwriter and record producer. She was associated with the Motown Records group. She was the first woman at the Detroit-based music label to write and produce for Motown acts. She is probably best known for her songs written with and for Stevie Wonder.

Moy died of complications from pneumonia in Dearborn, Michigan on April 15, 2017, at the age of 78.

## References
## Other websites
*
*Adam White, "Sylvia and Stevie: inspiration and influence"
Cascade Mall shooting

On September 23, 2016, five people were killed in a mass shooting at the Cascade Mall in Burlington, Washington, U.S. 

The gunman was identified as Arcan Cetin, a 20-year-old who emigrated from Turkey as a child with his family. He was arrested the following day in Oak Harbor, Washington, his hometown. On September 26, he confessed to committing the shooting.

Shortly before 7:00&nbsp;p.m. PDT on the same day, Cetin walked into a Macy's store at the Cascade Mall with a stolen rifle and opened fire, killing four women and one man.

## References
Shooting of Robert Godwin

On April 16, 2017, **Robert Godwin, Sr.**, a 74-year-old retired foundry worker, was shot and killed while walking on a sidewalk in a neighborhood in Cleveland, Ohio. The suspect was 37-year-old Steve William Stephens. Stephens posted a video of the shooting on his Facebook account. 

A warrant was issued for Stephens for aggravated murder, and he was found dead after shooting himself in the head after a brief police pursuit in Erie, Pennsylvania, two days later on April 18, 2017.

## Shooting
The shooting happened on April 16, 2017, in Cleveland, Ohio. The shooter uploaded a video of the event. 

Seconds before the shooting, Stephens left his car, approached the victim and asked Godwin to say the name of Stephens's girlfriend. Stephens then said "She's the reason why this is about to happen to you", before shooting Godwin, fell to the ground and died. 

Facebook said the video was uploaded to the website after the fact, not livestreamed as it was once thought. In other Facebook posts, Stephens claimed responsibility for thirteen murders, but police said they were not true as of the moment.

## Why Stephens killed Godwin
Police confirmed there was no known connection between Godwin and Stephens before the shooting and that Godwin was selected at random.  Stephens's mother told police that Stephens told her by phone he was "shooting people" because he was "mad with his girlfriend" of about three years, who was confirmed to be safe and was cooperating with investigators.

## References
Claude Lanzmann

**Claude Lanzmann** (; 27 November 1925 &ndash; 5 July 2018) was a French filmmaker. He was known for the Holocaust documentary movie *Shoah* (1985).

Lanzmann was born in Paris. 

He was chief editor of the journal *Les Temps Modernes*, which was founded by Jean-Paul Sartre and Simone de Beauvoir. In 2009, Lanzmann published his memoirs under the title *Le lièvre de Patagonie* (The Patagonian Hare).

He was a lecturer at the European Graduate School in Saas-Fee, Switzerland.

## References
Jadwiga Szubartowicz

**Jadwiga Szubartowicz** (née **Skawińska**; 16 October 1905 &ndash; 20 July 2017), was a Polish supercentenarian. She was the oldest living person in Poland until her death in 2017.

As a child, she spent several years with her family in Saint Petersburg (then Petrograd), where at the age of 12 she witnessed the October Revolution.

During the German occupation her brother was arrested. After being detained for a week at the Majdanek concentration camp, he was released but was later arrested by the Germans in Kraków and sent to the concentration camp in Buchenwald, where he died.

On 1 August 2015, following the death of Jadwiga Młynek (1905–2015), Szubartowicz became the oldest Pole. The older Yisrael Kristal was born in what is now Poland, but moved to Israel after World War II. Szubartowicz's age was certified by the Gerontology Research Group who sent her greetings on her 110th birthday which she celebrated on 16 October 2015.

On 20 July 2017, Szubartowicz died in Lublin of complications of pneumonia at the age of 111.

## Related pages 
* Tekla Juniewicz, the oldest validated Polish person ever

## References
Mbah Gotho

**Saparman Sodimejo,** (died April 30, 2017), popularly known as **Mbah Gotho**, was an Indonesian man who gained attention for his claim of having lived over 140 years. Although there is no conclusive evidence to verify his exact age, the Indonesian government reportedly recognized him as one of the oldest individuals based on an issued ID card.

Mbah Gotho's recollection of his birth date was uncertain, but he vividly remembered the construction of a sugar factory in 1890. In 2010, local authorities registered him as being over 140 years old, and in 2014, he was issued an ID card with a recorded birth date of 1870.

It is worth noting that if Gotho’s reported age was true, he would have been the oldest person ever recorded, surpassing the final age of Jeanne Calment of France, who lived to be 122 years and 164 days old, making her the world’s oldest woman ever recorded, surpassing the final age of Jiroemon Kimura of Japan, the first recorded person and man to reach the age of 115, which would’ve been before Augusta Holtz of Germany and Christian Mortensen of Denmark both turned 115, as well as the last recorded living man born in the 19th century, following the death of Kimura, as well as being the last living person born in 1800s,following the death of Emma Morano of Italy, and one of three remaining people born during the 19th century at the time of his death, alongside Violet Brown of Jamaica and Nabi Tajima of Japan.

## Claim 
In May 2010, *Solopos* reported that the census had recorded his next birthday as his 142nd.
National Iranian South Oil Company

The **National Iranian South Oil Company** (**NISOC**; ) is a government-owned corporation under the direction of the Ministry of Petroleum of Iran. NISOC is Iran's biggest oil producer. 

NISOC operates as a subsidiary of National Iranian Oil Company.  It was established in Masjed Soleyman in 1971. 

The company is active in a land area more than 400,000 km². Its headquarters are in Ahvaz, Iran. NISOC also has nine other subsidiaries. 

NISOC produces about 83% of all crude oil and 16% of natural gas produced in Iran. This makes NISOC Iran's largest oil company.

## References
2017 Fresno shootings

On April 18, 2017, a shooting spree occurred in Fresno, California, leaving three men dead. The prime suspect, identified as Kori Ali Muhammad, was then arrested by police and charged with murder and assault with a deadly weapon. Muhammad, who was believed to have been motivated by a hatred of white people, was already wanted in connection with the murder of a security guard at a local Motel 6 that had occurred four days earlier.

## References
Pete Wilson

**Peter Barton "Pete" Wilson** (born August 23, 1933) is an American Republican Party politician.

Wilson was the 36th Governor of California from 1991 through 1999. Before this, he was a United States Senator from 1983 through 1991, the Mayor of San Diego from 1971 through 1983 and a California State Assemblyman from 1967 through 1971.

A Republican, Wilson passed the anti-immigrant 1994 California Proposition 187. Since then, the only California Republican to win a major statewide election is Arnold Schwarzenegger.

He ran for the Republican nomination for President in 1996.

## References
## Other websites
* 
* Reaffirming Liberty: Wilson for President Campaign Brochure 
* Pete Wilson, Candidate for Governor, 1994 Platform Papers, Speeches and Endorsements 
* Pete Wilson Biography and Inaugural addresses
* Hoover Institution Biography
* Cal Voter: Gov. Wilson's Record on Crime 
* Undated speech by Pete Wilson on Affirmative Action titled "The Minority-Majority Society"
Yisrael Kristal

**Yisrael Kristal** (born **Izrael Icek Kryształ**; ; Yiddish: ישרא ל קריסטאל; Polish: Izrael Kryształowy September 15, 1903 – August 11, 2017) was a Polish-born Israeli supercentenarian, recognized as the oldest living man and the oldest survivor of the Holocaust in the world until his death on August 11, 2017 at age 113 years, 330 days.

## Biography 
Kristal was born to Jewish parents in Poland, then part of the Russian Empire. He experienced World War I as a child, and World War II as an adult. After surviving the Holocaust, he immigrated to Israel.

During World War II he was confined by the Nazi regime to a Jewish ghetto. His children died in the ghetto, but he and his wife were deported to the Auschwitz concentration camp. Kristal survived the Holocaust, but his wife did not. He remarried shortly after the War and, in 1950, emigrated to Haifa, Israel, with his second wife Batsheva, also a survivor of the Holocaust, and their infant child, and lived in Haifa until his death at age 113 years, 330 days.

Kristal celebrated his bar mitzvah in September 2016 at age 113 after being unable to do so at age 13 due to World War I. That year, Kristal, who was the oldest survivor of the Holocaust, also became the world's oldest living man and last living man born in 1903, after Japaneseman Yasutaro Koide's death on January 18 (Koide died January 19 Japanese time).

Kristal died at his home in Haifa on August 11, 2017, and was succeeded as the world's oldest living man by Spaniard Francisco Núñez Olivera (who, however, was not verified until his death on January 29, 2018 at age 113 years, 47 days). Kristal was at the time of his death the 8th oldest man in human history.

## References
Gray Davis

**Joseph Graham** "**Gray**" **Davis, Jr.** (born December 26, 1942) is an American retired politician and attorney.

Davis served as the 37th Governor of California from 1999 to 2003. He was a member of the Democratic Party, only months into his second term, in 2003 Davis was recalled and removed from office, the second state governor successfully recalled in U.S. history.

Before serving as governor, Davis was chief of staff to Governor Jerry Brown (1975–81), a California State Assemblyman (1983–87), California State Controller (1987–95) and the 44th Lieutenant Governor of California (1995–99).

Davis holds a BA in history from Stanford University and a J.D. from Columbia Law School. He was awarded a Bronze Star for his service as a Captain in the Vietnam War.

## References
## Other websites
* Gray Davis Digital Library  (active web site, launched 2006)
* 
* 
* Department of Energy article on Davis' energy conservation efforts
*
Pete's Dragon (2016 movie)

'''''Pete's Dragon''''' is a 2016 American fantasy comedy-drama adventure movie directed by David Lowery, written by Lowery and Toby Halbrooks, and produced by James Whitaker. 

The movie is a remake of the 1977 musical movie of the same name written by Malcolm Marmorstein. The movie stars Oakes Fegley, Bryce Dallas Howard, Wes Bentley, Karl Urban, Oona Laurence, and Robert Redford. 

The movie tells the story of an orphaned boy who befriends a dragon in the Pacific Northwest, and how their discovery by the town's local residents changed their lives

''Pete's Dragon'' premiered on August 8, 2016 and was theatrically released by Walt Disney Pictures in the United States in 2D, Disney Digital 3-D, and RealD 3D formats on August 12, 2016. 

The movie received positive reviews from critics. It made $143 million worldwide against a $65 million production budget.

## References
## Other websites
*
*
*
*Disney's ''Pete's Dragon'' movie locations and information from "The Home of Disney's Pete's Dragon" - New Zealand.
Alignment (Israel)

'''HaMa'arakh'*, Hebrew: המערך , meaning *The Alignment'', was an Israeli alliance of social democratic parties.

HaMa'arakh existed two times:

1. 1965-1969 between Mapai and Ahdut HaAvoda.

These two parties merged with Rafi into HaAvoda in 1968.

2. 1968-1991 between HaAvoda and Mapam.

Mapam was a predecessor of Meretz.
Gammelstad Church Town

**Gammelstad Church Town** () is a World Heritage Site in Gammelstaden close to the city of Luleå, Sweden. The church village consists of 424 wooden houses around a stone church from the early 15th-century.
Mapai

**Mapai**, Hebrew: מפא"י , is a former Israeli political party. Mapai is an acronym for Mifleget Poalai Eretz Israel which is Hebrew for party of the proletariat of the land of Israel.  

Its ideology was social democratic and Zionist.

Founders were David Ben-Gurion and Aaron David Gordon.

Mapai was established in the British Mandate of Palestine in 1930 and merged into HaAvoda in 1968.
Charlie Crist

**Charles Joseph** "**Charlie**" **Crist Jr.** (; born July 24, 1956) is an American attorney and politician. As a member of the Democratic Party, he previously served as a U.S. representative from Florida's 13th congressional district from 2017 to 2022. Crist also served as the 44th governor of Florida from 2007 to 2011.

## Political career (1992—2022) 
### Member of the Florida Senate (1992–1998) 
In 1991, he was elected to the Florida Senate and later assumed the duties as the member of the state senate.

Crist served as an member of the senate from 1992 until his term ended in 1998.

In October 2015, he decided to run as a U.S. representative for Florida 13th congressional district.

### Gubernatorial campaigns 
In 2013, he announced his candidacy for a non-consecutive term to succeed then-governor Rick Scott. Crist chosen state congresswoman. Annette Taddeo as his running mate for lieutenant governor.

In August 2014, he won the democratic primary and nomination.

In November 2014, he lost the election to incumbent governor Rick Scott.

In mid April 2021, Crist officially announced on a news interview, his candidacy for governor again to non-consecutive term to unseat Ron DeSantis.

Crist chosen schoolteacher, Karla Hernandez-Mats as his running mate for lieutenant governor.

In August 2022, he had officially won the democratic primary and nomination.

On November 8. 2022, he lost the election to incumbent governor Ron DeSantis and also defeated in a landslide victory margin.

## Ambassadorship nomination
On June 7, 2023, the White House announced that President Joe Biden had nominated Crist for the position of United States Ambassador to the International Civil Aviation Organization, a United Nations agency. However the Senate never confirmed his nomination or gave him a hearing so his nomination expired on January 3, 2025.

## Marriage and personal life 
Crist was married to Amando Marrow for only a year until they divorced in 1980. He remarried Carole Rome in 2008 and was married for nine years until they divorced in 2017.

While campaigning for governor in 2022, he revealed that he is engaged to a woman named Chelsea Brimes. Crist now officially has six stepchildren with his fiancee.

## References
## Official websites 
* https://clerk.house.gov/members/FL13/vacancy
* https://charliecrist.com/ 
* https://dos.myflorida.com/florida-facts/florida-history/florida-governors/charlie-crist/
* https://www.nga.org/governor/charlie-crist/
Clint Hurdle

**Clinton Merrick Hurdle** (born July 30, 1957) is a retired manager of MLB teams. His most recent job was as the manager of the Pittsburgh Pirates. On September 28 2019, Hurdle was fired by the Pirates. He decided not to take a new job, and instead retired. During the He has previously managed the Colorado Rockies. In 2007, he led the Rockies to the World Series, which they lost to the Boston Red Sox. Before he became a manager, Hurdle played baseball as an outfielder and was a member of the Kansas City Royals, Cincinnati Reds, New York Mets, and St. Louis Cardinals.

## References
## Other websites
*
Hatnua

'''HaTnu'a''' () is an Israeli political party.  

Its ideology is social liberal, secular and Zionist. 

HaTnu'a was founded in 2012 by Tzipi Livni (also political leader), as a splitting from Kadima.

Number of seats in the 20th Knesset: 5 (down one from 19th Knesset).
HaTnu'a is cooperating with HaAvoda ("Labor") and HaTnu'a HaYeruqa ("The Green Movement") as HaMahaneh HaTziyoni (*The Zionist Union*). Together they have 24 seats.

## Other websites 
*
Oregrounds iron

**Oregrounds iron** was the best iron made in 18th century England. It was made in the Swedish city of Öregrund. Oregrounds iron is made by making pig iron in a blast furnace, then refining the pig iron in a finery forge.
Johanna Mikl-Leitner

**Johanna Mikl-Leitner** (born February 9, 1964 in Hollabrunn) is an Austrian politician of the ÖVP.

Mikl-Leitner has been governor of Lower Austria since April 19, 2017, succeeding fellow party member Erwin Pröll. She had already been active in Lower Austrian politics.

On a national level, she was a member of the National Council (*Nationalrat*) from 1999 to 2003, and from 2011 to 2016 interior minister in the First and Second Faymann government. 

Mikl-Leitner grew up in the Weinviertel region of Lower Austria. She obtained a masters at Vienna University of Economics and Business, worked as a teacher, at Austrian employers' organization (*Industriellenvereinigung*) and at a publishing company before entering into politics.

She is married with two daughters, and lives in Klosterneuburg.

## References 
* Bio at Austrian Parliament Website

## Other websites 
* Homepage
District of Alto Adige

**District of Alto Adige** was a district in the "Department of Benaco" in the Napoleon's "Cisalpine Republic" (1797-1798).

## History
Under the Cisalpine Republic a District of Alto Adige (called in Italian: ''Distretto dell'Alto Adige'') was created as a part of the short-lived "Department of Benaco". The District of Alto Adige included some municipalities of today's province of Verona.
 
The "Department of Benaco", which was created in 1797 and included some territories of actual Province of Trento and Province of Verona, was disbanded in 1798 and with it the District of Alto Adige after a structural reorganization of the Napoleon's first Italian republic.

The *Alto Adige* name was used again by the French in 1810, a few kilometres to the north of the disappeared District of Alto Adige on the upper course of the river Adige, when was created the Department of Alto Adige.

## Related pages
* Department of Alto Adige
* Alto Adige

## Notes
## Bibliography
* Reinhard Stauber. *Der Zentralstaat an seinen Grenzen. Administrative Integration, Herrschaftswechsel und politische Kultur im südlichen Alpenraum 1750–1820* (Schriftenreihe der Historischen Kommission der Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 64), Göttingen, Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2001.
Donley County, Texas

**Donley County** is a county in the U.S. state of Texas. In 2020, 3,258 people lived there. The county seat is Clarendon.

## References
Borax

**Borax** is a chemical compound. It usually is in the form of a white powder. The powder has soft crystals. They are easy to dissolve in water. Its scientific name is "sodium borate". Miners find half of the borax in the world in the deserts of California. They discovered it in Death Valley in 1881.

## Uses 
Borax has many uses. It is an ingredient of many detergents, cosmetics, and enamel glazes. It is also used to make buffer solutions in biochemistry. Factories use it as a fire retardant, and to kill fungi that can harm the human body. It is also used in fiberglass, as a flux in metallurgy, slime, and as an insecticide. When mixed with water, it helps the soap clean dishes or clothes better. It can take the smell and stain off bathroom and kitchen surfaces. It also takes the smell out of shoes.

Maria Telkes used borax in the first solar-powered home, invented in 1948. The special walls of the home took energy from the sun and stored it in liquid salt. She used borax to keep the energy storage system running well. The borax kept bacteria from changing the salt solution into something different.

## References
Abigail Kubeka

**Abigail Kubeka** (known **Nonzwaki Khumalo**) is a South African born actress. She stars the role of *Zondiwe Mogale* on Generations:The Legacy.

## Filmography
## References
## Other website
Abigail Kubeka | White Pages
Nickel-iron battery

The **nickel–iron battery** (NiFe battery) are batteries made of iron and nickel oxide hydroxide, with a potassium hydroxide electrolyte. They are very strong, and do not break easily. They can last for more than 20 years. They are slow to charge. They are often used on trains. They are similar to the nickel cadmium battery, but using iron instead of toxic cadmium. The voltage is 1.2 volts per cell, the same as the nickel cadmium battery.

Nickel-iron batteries are very durable. They can be charged many times. They are often associated with Thomas Edison, although he did not invent this type of battery. Edison's company manufactured the batteries until the early 1970s. Today they are made by several Chinese companies. They are often used in applications where a very long service life is required, such as large off-grid solar power systems.

## Related pages
*Nickel–zinc battery - a similar battery with a higher capacity and higher voltage, but a shorter lifespan
Lyda Ann Thomas

**Lyda Ann Thomas** (née **Quinn**; November 20, 1936 – April 19, 2017) was an American politician. She served as the mayor of Galveston, Texas from 2004 to 2010. She was first elected in 2004 to replace Roger "Bo" Quiroga. Thomas was the third female mayor of Galveston. She serve three terms as mayor, and stepped down in 2010 after reaching her a city-imposed term-limit. She was a member of the Democratic Party.

Thomas is known for being mayor of Galveston during Hurricane Ike on September 10, 2008 and ordered in a full evacuation.

Thomas was born in Galveston. She studied at The Hockaday School in Dallas. Thomas died at her Galveston home on April 19, 2017 at the age of 80 from cancer.

## References
## Other websites
*The City Council of Galveston, Texas 
*Evacuation worked, but created a highway horror  O'Driscoll, Patrick; Richard Wolf and Rick Hampson (9/26/2005 7:47 PM). USA Today
*With Rita strengthening, Galveston orders evacuation
*Gulf Coast residents watch surprise tropical storm
*Ike's changing course delayed Galveston's evacuation call, city says
José Vicente Rangel

**José Vicente Rangel Vale** (10 July 1929 &ndash; 18 December 2020) was a Venezuelan leftist politician. He ran for President three times in the 1970s and 1980s and later supported Hugo Chávez.

Rangel served under Chávez as Minister of Foreign Affairs from 1999 to 2001, as Minister of Defense from 2001 to 2002, and as Vice President of Venezuela from 2002 to 2007.

Rangel died on 18 December 2020 in Caracas from cardiac arrest after having a long-illness at the age of 91.

## References
Hollabrunn

**Hollabrunn** is an Austrian town in the Hollabrunn District in the Weinviertel region of Lower Austria. It had about 11,700 people in 2018.

## References
## Other websites 
*
Council for Secular Humanism

The **Council for Secular Humanism** is a non-profit organization that promotes secular values. Since 1991 it has been a program of the Center for Inquiry. 

In 2016, the Center for Inquiry merged with the Richard Dawkins Foundation for Reason and Science, keeping one office in Washington DC.  This made the Center for Inquiry the largest secularist organization in the United States.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Council for Secular Humanism official website
Center for Inquiry

The **Center for Inquiry** is a nonprofit educational organization formed to promote secularist values.  It is the largest secularist organization in the U.S.

In 2016, the Center for Inquiry merged with the Richard Dawkins Foundation for Reason and Science to become the largest secularist organization in the U.S. The organization was started by humanist philosopher Paul Kurtz.  In 2008, attorney Ron Lindsay became leader of the organization.  In 2016, Robyn Blumner, the executive director of the Dawkins Foundation, became the new leader.

## Other websites 
* Center for Inquiry official website

## References
Roberto Ferreiro

**Roberto Oscar Ferreiro** (25 April 1935 – 20 April 2017) was an Argentine professional football player and manager. Ferreiro played club football for Independiente and River Plate.

He earned 18 caps in the Argentina national team between 1962 and 1966. and Copa Libertadores 1974.

Ferreiro died on 20 April 2017 in Buenos Aires at the age of 81.

## References
John T. Noonan Jr.

**John Thomas Noonan Jr.** (October 24, 1926 – April 17, 2017) was an American circuit judge. He served as a Circuit Judge on the United States Circuit Judge on the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit from December 17, 1985 through December 27, 1996.

Noonan Jr. was born in Boston, Massachusetts. He studied at Harvard University, at St John's College, Cambridge and at The Catholic University of America. From 1967 until his death in 2017, Noonan Jr. was married to Mary Lee Bennett. They had three children. 

Noonan Jr. died on April 17, 2017 in Berkeley, California, aged 90.

## References
## Other websites
*
April 2017 Champs-Élysées attack

On April 20, 2017, three police officers were shot by someone with a Kalashnikov rifle on the Champs-Élysées, a shopping street in Paris, France. One was killed and two others, along with another person, were seriously injured before the shooter was killed. Someone who helped the shooter was identified. The Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL) claimed responsibility.

## Aftermath
President François Hollande called for an emergency security meeting at the Élysée Palace.

## Related pages
* *Charlie Hebdo* shooting
* 2025 Pahalgam Massacre
* 2025 D.C. Jewish museum shooting

## References
Jean-Luc Mélenchon

**Jean-Luc Mélenchon** (; born 19 August 1951) is a French politician. He was a member of the National Assembly of the French Republic. He ran for President of France twice: he finished in fourth place in 2012 and 2017, then in 2022, he came in third. 

## Political career
In 1976, he was elected municipal councilor of Massy (1983), general councilor of the Essonne departement (1985), and senator of the same department (1986, reelected in 1995 and 2004). He also served as Minister-Delegate of Vocational Education between 2000 and 2002, under the Minister of National Education, Jack Lang, in the cohabitation government of Lionel Jospin.

As leader of the Left Party, he joined the electoral coalition of the Left Front before the 2009 European elections and was elected member of the European Parliament in the South-West constituency (reelected in 2014).

### Presidential politics
During the protest movement against the pension reform of 2010 his public stature grew thanks to his many public and television appearances. He was also the candidate of that coalition in the 2012 presidential election, at the outcome of which he came in fourth, receiving 11.1% of the votes. He was a candidate in the 2017 presidential election "outside the frame of political parties", and founded the movement "Unsubmissive France" (FI) in February 2016. He came in fourth place winning 19.5% of the vote.

He ran for the presidency again for the 2022 election, coming in third place winning 21.95% of the vote.

## References
## Other websites
*
*
* 
* Page on the French Senate website
* MEP webpage
Angel Espinosa

**Ángel Espinosa Capó** (October 2, 1966 – April 12, 2017) was a Cuban amateur boxer. He was part of the 1980s at junior middleweight and middleweight and captured the 1986 World Amateur Boxing Championships. He never won an Olympic medal due to Cuba's boycott of the 1984 and 1988 Summer Olympics. A hard hitting Cuban with a southpaw stance one of the most feared in his era was known to have about 300 amateur fights.

Espinose was found dead in his gym in Miami, Florida from a suspected cardiac arrest on 12 April 2017, aged 50.

## References
## Other websites
*Record(  2009-10-25)
*sports-reference
Burton Watson

**Burton DeWitt Watson** (June 13, 1925 &ndash; April 1, 2017) was an American scholar and translator of both Chinese and Japanese literature. He was born in New Rochelle, New York.

Watson received awards including the Gold Medal Award of the Translation Center at Columbia University in 1979, the PEN Translation Prize in 1982 for his translation with Hiroaki Sato of *From the Country of Eight Islands: An Anthology of Japanese Poetry*, and again in 1995 for ''Selected Poems of Su Tung-p'o''. He also received the PEN/Ralph Manheim Medal for Translation in 2015.

Watson died on April 1, 2017 in Kamagaya, Japan, aged 91.

## References
Bill Hagerty

**William Francis Hagerty** **IV** ( ; born August 14, 1959) is an American politician, former diplomat and businessman. Since 2021, he has been the junior United States senator from Tennessee. Before becoming senator, he was the 30th United States ambassador to Japan from 2017 to 2019 under the first Trump administration.

In 2020, Hagerty was elected to the U.S. Senate. He defeated Marquita Bradshaw. Hagerty is running for re-election in 2026 election.

## References
## Official websites 
* Team Hagrety
* Bill Hagrety: U.S. Senate

## Other websites
*
Lewis Eisenberg

**Lewis Michael "Lew" Eisenberg** (born 1942) is an American financier, investor and philanthropist.

Eisenberg is known for co-founding and heading a private equity firm, Granite Capital International Group L.P. Lewis Eisenberg has a relation in American political fundraising circles. He is most notable for the various national, state, and bi-state appointments he held throughout his career, specifically as the Chairman of the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey at the time of the September 11, 2001 attack of the World Trade Center, which the Port Authority operated.

In January 2017, Eisenberg was named as President Donald Trump's Ambassador to Italy. He was confirmed by the Senate on August 3, 2017.

## References
Risa Itō

is a Japanese manga artist. Her main works are *Hey Pitan!*, *Higepiyo* and *Oruchuban Ebichu* ("Ebichu Minds the House"). *Oruchuban Ebichu* was produced as an animated TV program for Gainax.

She was born in Hara town, Suwa District in Nagano Prefecture.

## Work 
* *Hey Pitan!*
* *Oruchuban Ebichu*
* *Higepiyo*
* *One Woman, Two Cats*
* *Onna no Mado*

## Awards 
* 2005 Kodansha Manga Award for shōjo - Oi Pītan!!
* 2006 Tezuka Osamu Cultural Prize Short Story Award - One Woman, 
* Two Cats, Oi Piitan!!
* Onna no Mado

## Other websites
* 
* Risa Itō Web Site  
* Profile
Cuba Gooding

**Cuba Gooding** may refer to:

*Cuba Gooding, Sr. (1944–2017), American singer
*Cuba Gooding, Jr. (born 1968), American actor
Washiqur Rahman

**Washiqur Rahman** (Bengali: ওয়াশিকুর রহমান বাবু) (c. 1988 - March 30, 2015) was a Bangladeshi blogger.  He was hacked to death by two men with meat cleavers in Dhaka, Bangladesh, after he wrote blog posts critical of Islam.

Washiqur Rahman, also spelled Oyasiqur Rhaman, was part of the 2013 Shabag movement, which called for the death penalty for Islamists for war crimes during the 1971 war for independence from Pakistan.
Rahman used the pen name Kucchit Hasher Channa, or Ugly Duckling. Two students from an Islamic school were arrested by police. The two said they didn't know about Rahman's writing and they didn't know anything about blogs. Someone told them to kill Rahman as a religious duty.  Rahman had a page on Facebook that said "I am Avijit", meaning he was a supporter of Avijit Roy, a Bangladeshi-American blogger who was killed a month earlier. 

## Other websites 
On Facebook 

## References
Murder of Faisal Abedin Deepan

**Faisal Arefin Dipan** (Bengali: ফয়সাল আরেফিন দীপন)(c. 1972 - 31 October 2015) was a Bangladeshi book publisher of the Jagriti Prokashoni publishing house. He was hacked to death inside his house in Dhaka, the Bangladeshi capital.  He published books by Bangladeshi-American writer and blogger Avijit Roy who was the four secular bloggers killed in Bangladesh the same year.

## International reaction 
British politicians condemned the murder. British bishop Declan Lang, the chair of the international affairs department of the British bishops' conference, said that the Roman Catholic community in England and Wales should "speak out when people are imprisoned, tortured or killed on account of their atheism." Eric Adriaans, the National Executive Director of Centre For Inquiry Canada said that Canada should offer asylum to people targeted by religious extremists.

The International Publishers Association honored Deepan at their annual conference and called on the United Nations to do more about freedom of expression in Bangladesh. Tutul sent a message to the conference, saying: "If Jagriti Faisal Abedin Deepan were alive today, he would play an important role in this conference. But because he published free-thinking books, Islamist fundamentalists killed him. I urge all my publisher friends to continue to publish the works of free thinkers. I believe this is the best reply to the fundamentalists. By increasing the number of people that free-thinking books can reach, we'll be able to weaken fundamentalism in Bangladesh." Tutal also called for freedom for Bangladeshi writer and publisher, Shamsuzzoha Manik.  Manik was arrested under a Bangladeshi law that prohibits criticism of religion.  Manik is 73 years old and published a titled "Islam Bitorko" ("Debate on Islam").

## References
Bressuire

**Bressuire** is a *commune* in the Deux-Sèvres department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region in western France. It is a subprefecture of the Deux-Sèvres department. It is also the capital of the *arrondissement* of the same name.

## Geography 
Bressuire is to the northwest of the Deux-Sèvres department. The city is at about  from Bordeaux,  from Paris,  from Marseille and  from Toulouse.

The *commune* has an area of . Its average altitude is ; at the city hall, the altitude is .

The *commune* of Bressuire is surrounded by the *communes*:

### Climate
The climate of Bressuire, in the Köppen climate classification, is **Cfb** - Oceanic climate with template summers.

## Population
The inhabitants of Bressuire are known, in French, as *Bressuirais* (women: *Bressuiraises*).

With a population of 19,300, Bressuire has a population density of  inhabitants/km2.

**Evolution of the population in Bressuire**

Colors=
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  id:darkgrey  value:gray(0.7)
  id:sfondo value:rgb(1,1,1)
  id:barra value:rgb(0.6,0.7,0.8)

ImageSize = width:500 height:373
PlotArea = left:50 bottom:30 top:30 right:30
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Period = from:0 till:25000
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 bar:a text:1968
 bar:b text:1975
 bar:c text:1982
 bar:d text:1990
 bar:e text:1999
 bar:f text:2006
 bar:g text:2014

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 color:barra width:30 align:left

 bar:a from:0 till: 8733
 bar:b from:0 till: 17115
 bar:c from:0 till: 18423
 bar:d from:0 till: 17827
 bar:e from:0 till: 17799
 bar:f from:0 till: 18225
 bar:g from:0 till: 19300

PlotData=
 bar:a at: 8733 fontsize:S text: 8,733 shift:(-12,5)
 bar:b at: 17115 fontsize:S text: 17,115 shift:(-13,5)
 bar:c at: 18423 fontsize:S text: 18,423 shift:(-13,5)
 bar:d at: 17827 fontsize:S text: 17,827 shift:(-13,5)
 bar:e at: 17799 fontsize:S text: 17,799 shift:(-13,5)
 bar:f at: 18225 fontsize:S text: 18,225 shift:(-13,5)
 bar:g at: 19300 fontsize:S text: 19,300 shift:(-13,5)

## Administration 
Bressuire is a subprefecture of the Deux-Sèvres department, the capital of the *arrondissement* of Bressuire and the administrative centre () of the canton of Bressuire.

It is part of the intercommunality *Le Bocage Bressuirais* ().

### Twinned and partner towns 
Bressuire is twinned with:
* Mequinenza, Aragon, Spain, since 1982
* Fraserburgh, Aberdeenshire, Scotland, United Kingdom, since 1990
* Hodac, Romania, since 1990
* Kpalimé, Togo, since 1991
* Friedberg, Germany, since 1992
* Leixlip, County Kildare, Leinster, Ireland, since 1996
* Ryazan, Russia, since 1997
* Parczew, Poland, since 1998

## Gallery

File:L'Hôtel de Ville de Bressuire.jpg|Bressuire town hall.
File:Bressuire, vue aérienne.jpg|Aerial view of Bressuire.
File:Chapelle St Cyprien (Bressuire).jpg|St Cyprien chapel.
File:Le Château de Bressuire dans la verdure.jpg|*Château de Bressuire*.

## References
## Related pages
* Arrondissement of Bressuire
* Communes of the Deux-Sèvres department

## Other websites
* City Council website  
* CA Bocage Bressuirais
Lawrence Hogan

**Lawrence Joseph Hogan** (September 30, 1928 &ndash; April 20, 2017) was an American Republican U.S. Representative. He was the father of the former Governor of Maryland, Larry Hogan.

Hogan represented the 5th congressional district of Maryland from January 3, 1969, to January 3, 1975. Hogan did not run for re-election in 1974 and was unsuccessful that year in his candidacy for the Republican nomination for governor. He became county executive for Prince George's County, Maryland, in 1978 and served until 1982.

Hogan suffered a stroke and died on April 20, 2017 in Baltimore, Maryland, aged 88.

## References
## Other websites
*Hogan's Maryland Archives biography 

*Larry Hogan Sr. Speaks about his decision on the Nixon Impeachment *Vimeo*
Ugo Ehiogu

**Ugochuku Ehiogu** (; 3 November 1972 &ndash; 21 April 2017) was an English professional footballer who played as a centre back from 1989 to 2009. He was the coach of the Tottenham Hotspur U23 team until his death in April 2017.

He played in the Premier League with Aston Villa and Middlesbrough. He also played in the Football League for West Bromwich Albion, Leeds United and Sheffield United, as well as a spell in the Scottish Premier League with Rangers.

Ehiogu won two Football League Cups, with Aston Villa in 1996 and then with Middlesbrough in 2004. Ehiogu was an England international, with a record of 4 caps and 1 goal.

In 1993, playing for the England under-21 team, he became the first black player to captain an England team in a competitive match. In 2012, he came out of brief retirement by signing for non-league side Wembley to participate in the club's FA Cup games alongside other retired veteran players.

Ehiogu died on 21 April 2017 after suffering a cardiac arrest at Tottenham Hotspur's training ground in London, aged 44.

## Career statistics
### Club
### International
:''Scores and results list England's goal tally first, score column indicates score after Ehiogu goal.''

## Honours
**Aston Villa**
*FA Cup runner-up: 1999–2000
*Football League Cup: 1995–96

**Middlesbrough**
*Football League Cup: 2003–04

**Individual**
* PFA Team of the Year: 1995–96 Premier League

## References
## Other websites
Yvonne Monlaur

**Yvonne Monlaur** (15 December 1939 – 18 April 2017) was a retired French movie actress who was active in the late 1950s and 1960s. She was best known for her roles in the Hammer horror movies. She was born in Pau, France. 

In 1960, she also starred in the Hammer horror movie *The Brides of Dracula* alongside Peter Cushing and Freda Jackson and in *The Terror of the Tongs* (1961) with Christopher Lee. 

Monlaur died on April 18, 2017 in Paris, aged 77.

## References
## Other websites
*
Magdalena Abakanowicz

**Marta Magdalena Abakanowicz-Kosmowska** (June 20, 1930 – April 20, 2017) was a Polish sculptor and fiber artist. She was known for her use of textiles as a sculptural medium.  She was a professor at the Academy of Fine Arts in Poznań, Poland from 1965 to 1990 and a visiting professor at University of California, Los Angeles in 1984. She was born in Falenty, Poland.

Abakanowicz died on April 20, 2017 in Warsaw at the age of 86.

## References
## Other websites
* Electrical Properties of Textile Fiber
* Magdalena Abakanowicz, artnet
* The Jackboot Has Lifted. Now the Crowds Crush , By Rita Reif, *The New York Times*, June 3, 2001
*  Magdalena Abakanowicz
Germaine Mason

**Germaine Mason** (20 January 1983 – 20 April 2017) was a Jamaican-born track and field athlete who competed in high jump. In 2006, he started representing Great Britain. As a British athlete, he won a silver medal at the 2008 Summer Olympics.

## Career
Mason was really good at high jump. He won silver and bronze medals at the World Junior Championships in 2000 and 2002. His first big win as a senior athlete was at the 2003 Pan American Games in Santo Domingo, where he won a gold medal by jumping 2.34 meters high. 

In 2004 and 2005, he jumped a bit lower, but he still won a bronze medal at the 2004 IAAF World Indoor Championships.

Mason could compete for Great Britain because his father was born in London. His mother convinced him to switch and compete for Britain in 2006.

At the Beijing Olympics on 19 August 2008, Mason won a silver medal for Great Britain. He jumped 2.34 meters high, which was the same as his personal best. Only one person, Russia's Andrey Silnov, jumped higher at 2.36 meters.

## Death
Mason died in a motorbike accident on 20 April 2017 when he was 34 years old. He was riding his motorbike after a party and crashed.
His funeral was at the Hagley Park Seventh-day Adventist Church in Kingston, Jamaica. His friend, famous runner Usain Bolt, was there and even helped dig Mason's grave.

## Achievements
## References
## Other websites
* Obituary in The Independent by Marcus Williamson
* 
* Official website 
* Management website
Jay Dickey

**Jay Woodson Dickey, Jr.** (December 14, 1939 &ndash; April 20, 2017) was an American politician. He was a former U.S. Representative from the Fourth Congressional District of Arkansas. He served in Congress from 1993 to 2001. 

Both the Dickey Amendment (1996), which blocks CDC funds to be used for injury prevention research that might advocate or promote gun control, and the Dickey-Wicker Amendment (1995), which prohibits federal funds to be spent on research that involves the destruction of a human embryo, are named for him. 

After the 2012 Aurora shooting, former congressman Dickey said that he regrets his role in blocking the CDC from researching gun violence.

Dickey died on April 20, 2017 in Pine Bluff, Arkansas, aged 77.

## References
Gunslinger

***Gunslinger*** is the eleventh studio album by Garth Brooks. The album was released on November 25, 2016 through Pearl Records.

## References
Hadash

**Hadash**, Hebrew: חד"ש , meaning *New*, a Hebrew acronym of *HaHazit HaDemokratit LeShalom uLeShivion*, Hebrew: החזית הדמוקרטית לשלום ולשוויון ,
the Arab version: ''al-Jabhah ad-Dimuqrāṭiyyah lis-Salām wa'l-Musāwah*, Arab: الجبهة الديمقراطية للسلام والمساواة ,
(shortened Arab: الجبهة , also meaning *New*),
both meaning *The Democratic Front for Peace and Equality'', is an Israeli political party.  

Its ideology is communist. 

Political leader is Ayman Odeh.

Hadash was founded in 1977 as a merger of the communist party of Rakah, Black Panthers and others.

Its supporters are mainly (secular, Christian) Israeli Arabs and some far-left Israeli Jews.

Number of seats in the 24th Knesset: 3 (-2).
Hadash is cooperating with Balad and Ta'al as HaReshima HaMeshutefet (Hebrew) or al-Qa'imah al-Mushtarakah (Arab) (both meaning *The Joint List*). Together they have 6 seats.

## Other websites 
*
DZBB-TV

**DZBB-TV** (channel 7) is a television station in Metro Manila, Philippines, serving as the flagship of the GMA network. It is owned and operated by the network's namesake corporate parent alongside GTV flagship DWDB-TV (channel 27). Both stations share studios at the GMA Network Center, EDSA corner Timog Avenue, Diliman, Quezon City, while DZBB-TV's hybrid analog and digital transmitting facilities are located at the GMA Tower of Power, Tandang Sora Avenue, Barangay Culiat, Quezon City (sharing facilities with sister stations GTV 27 and Barangay LS 97.1) and PBCom Tower, 6795 Ayala Avenue, corner V.A. Rufino Street, Makati.

## Digital channels
DZBB-TV's digital signal operates on UHF channel 15 (479.143&nbsp;MHz) and broadcasts on the following subchannels:

## Areas of Coverage 
### Primary areas 
* Metro Manila
* Cavite
* Bulacan
* Laguna
* Rizal

### Secondary Areas 
* Pampanga
* Portion of Nueva Ecija
* Portion of Tarlac
* Portion of Zambales
* Portion of Bataan
* Portion of Batangas
* Portion of Quezon

## References
* 
* 

## Related pages
* GMA Network
* GTV
* List of GMA Network stations
* Barangay LS 97.1
* Super Radyo DZBB 594