open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Startup company

A **startup company** (**startup** or **start-up**) is a new and fast-growing company. They try to meet a marketplace need, offering an innovative product, process or service.

A start-up is usually a small business, a partnership or an organization. Rapid growth is what they aim for. Often, startup companies use the internet, e-commerce, computers, and telecommunications.

The term became fashionable in the dot-com bubble of the late 1990s, when a great number of internet-based companies were formed.

## References
Pinus pinaster

***Pinus pinaster***, also known as the **maritime pine**, **cluster pine**, or **pinaster pine**, is a pine native to the Mediterranean region.

## Names
Common names in some other languages are: The bark is orange-red and thick, but thinner in the upper parts of the tree.

The leaves ('needles') are in pairs, broad and  long, and bluish-green to yellowish-green.

The maritime pine is monoecious with separate male an female flowers but on the same plant, in cones. The seeds are  long, with a  wing. Seeds are spread by the wind.

## Taxonomy
*Pinus pinaster* was described by William Aiton, a Botanist from Scotland, in 1789.

There are three subspecies of *Pinus pinaster* Aiton:
# *P. pinaster* subsp. *pinaster*, the typical subspecies, is found in France, Spain and Portugal.
# *Pinus pinaster* subsp. *escarena* (Risso) K. Richt found on the western Mediterranean coast, mainly in Spain.
# *P. pinaster* subsp. *renoui* (Villar) Maire is found on the African Mediterranean coast, mainly in Morocco, in the Atlas Mountains.

## Where it grows
The maritime pine is native to the southwest and southern Europe, North Africa in Morocco, and along the border between Algeria and Tunisia. It is mainly a pine of low, coastal plains, usually on sandy soils of sea shore dunes; however, in Morocco this species can grow in mountains to an elevation of near .

It has been introduced into regions with a similar Mediterranean climate.

The species is regarded as a highly invasive species. A large production of seeds that are spread by the wind and rapid growth rate all contribute to its ability to invade native habitats, which suffer a loss of species diversity. The maritime pine is reported to be an aggressive colonizer in Chile, Uruguay, Australia, New Zealand and South Africa

## Uses
The maritime pine is widely planted for timber in its native area. It is one of the most important trees in forestry in France, Spain and Portugal. The pine forest in Landes in southwest France is the largest man-made maritime pine forest in Europe. The resin is also a source of turpentine and rosin.

As well as industrial uses, maritime pine is also a popular ornamental tree, planted in parks and gardens in areas with warm temperate climates.

It is also used as a source of flavonoids, catechins, proanthocyanidins, and phenolic acids.

## Gallery

Pinus pinaster mesogeensis.JPG|Maritine pine trees
Pinus pinaster02.jpg|Branches and leaves
Pinus pinaster JPG2.jpg|Bark
Pinus pinaster male cone.jpg|Male cone
Pinus pinaster female.jpg|Female cone
Starr 010515-0129 Pinus pinaster.jpg|Young cone and leaves
Pigne Landes.jpg|Open mature cone without seeds
Pinus pinaster semillas.jpg|Seeds showing their wings

## References
Mount & Blade II: Bannerlord

***Mount & Blade II: Bannerlord*** is an upcoming medieval action role-playing game made by TaleWorlds Entertainment. The game was announced in 2012. It is a sequel to Mount & Blade: Warband.

## Plot 
### Setting 
The game is set 200 years before *Mount & Blade: Warband.* It takes place during the decline of the Calradian Empire and the making of the kingdoms in *Mount & Blade: Warband.* The look of the armour, Weapons and buildings will draw from 600 to 1100 A.D.

### Factions 
Bannerlord will have six main factions, each with they own clans who have different goals, as well as smaller factions.

## Development 
In September 2012, Taleworlds announced the game was in the making and released the trailer.

The game's graphics have been heavily upgraded, the animations have also been upgraded. There are also some new Gameplay features like better inventory system and better artificial intelligence. The current game and features were shown during 2015 Gamescom. In March 2016 40 minutes of gameplay was shown to PC gamer.

## References 
## Other websites
*
Jose Maria Sison

**José María Canlás Sison**  (February 8, 1939 – December 16, 2022) is a writer and activist. He founded the Communist Party of the Philippines.

Sison was arrested during the Ferdinand Marcos presidency. He was imprisoned for almost 9 years. Corazón Aquino released him from prison. Sison went into exile in the Netherlands.

His experience in prison was described in *Prison & Beyond*, a book of poetry released in 1986. It won the Southeast Asia WRITE award for the Philippines.
On December 16, 2022, the Communist Party of the Philippines alongside its news organ *Ang Bayan* announced the death of Jose Maria Sison after two weeks of confinement in a hospital in Utrecht, Netherlands.

## References
Mengistu Haile Mariam

**Mengistu Haile Mariam** (born 21 May 1937) is an Ethiopian politician. He was an important officer in the Communist military junta that governed Ethiopia from 1974 to 1987. He was President of the People's Democratic Republic of Ethiopia from 1987 to 1991.

Mariam was a dictator. It is estimated that he was responsible for 500,000 to over 2,000,000 deaths. In May 1991 Mariam left the country for Zimbabwe. The Ethiopian Civil War ended when he left.

In 2010, Mengistu announced the publication of its memoirs. In early 2012, a manuscript of the memoir, titled Tiglachin ("Our Struggle" in Amharic), was leaked on the Internet. A few months later, the first volume leaked was published in the United States and in 2016, the second volume followed. This time it was published in Ethiopia. Mengistu accused the ERP remains of having published the first volume to sabotage its publication. 

In May 2022, Zimbabwe suggested it might extradite Mengistu Haile Mariam to Ethiopia.

## References
John Vorster

**Balthazar Johannes Vorster** was a South African politician of Dutch descent. He served as the Prime Minister of South Africa and later State President of South Africa after the assassination of the previous Prime Minister, Hendrik Verwoerd. He is commonly known as **John Vorster**.

Vorster believed in apartheid. He was part of a group who sentenced Nelson Mandela to life imprisonment and he refused to grant South West Africa (now Namibia) independence.

## References
Sursee District

**Sursee** is a district of the canton of Lucerne in Switzerland. The capital is the town of Sursee.

It contains the following municipalities:

* Beromünster
* Büron
* Buttisholz
* Eich
* Geuensee
* Grosswangen
* Gunzwil
* Hildisrieden
* Knutwil
* Mauensee
* Neudorf
* Neuenkirch
* Nottwil
* Oberkirch
* Pfeffikon
* Rickenbach
* Ruswil
* Schenkon
* Schlierbach
* Sempach
* Sursee
* Triengen
* Winikon
* Wolhusen
Beromünster

**Beromünster** is a municipality in Sursee in the canton of Lucerne in Switzerland.

## History
Since 2004, Schwarzenbach part of the municipality.

On 1 January 2009 Gunzwil became part of Beromünster.

On 1 January 2013 the Neudorf became part of Beromünster.

## References
## Other websites
* Official website
Buttisholz

**Buttisholz** is a municipality of the district of Sursee in the canton of Lucerne in Switzerland.

## Villages
* Gattwil
* Guglern
* Luternau
* St. Ottilien
* Soppensee

## References
## Other websites
* Official website
Geuensee

**Geuensee** is a municipality of the district Sursee in the canton of Lucerne in Switzerland.

## References
Gunzwil

**Gunzwil** was a municipality of the district of Sursee in the canton of Lucerne in Switzerland.

In 2009, it became part of the municipality of Beromünster.
Vitznau

**Vitznau** is a municipality in the district of Lucerne-Land in the canton of Lucerne in Switzerland.

It occupies a narrow strip between the lake and the Rigi looming behind; one of the mountain railways to the summit starts in Vitznau.

## References
## Other websites
* Official website
Cachapoal Province

**Cachapoal Province** () is one of three provinces of the central Chilean region of Libertador General Bernardo O'Higgins (VI). Its capital is the city of Rancagua.

The province is named after the Cachapoal river that flows through the province from east to west.

## Geography
The Cachapoal province has an area of , the largest province in the O'Higgins region.

Cachapoal is a landlocked province (it does not border the ocean) and is bordered to the north by the Santiago Metropolitan region, to the east by Argentina, to the south by the Colchagua province and to the west by the Cardenal Caro province.

Most of the province is in the valley of the Cachapoal river; it is region where grapes are grown to produce wine.

## Population
The people from the province are called *Cachapoalino* (women: *Cachapoalina*).

 (last national census), there were 542,901 people living in the province, giving it a population density of  inhabitants/km².

The largest city of the province is Rancagua, its capital, with a population, in 2002, of 206,971 inhabitants, followed by the city of Rengo (30,891 inhabitants).

## Administration
As a province, Cachapoal is a second-level administrative division, consisting of 17 communes (*comunas*). The city of Rancagua serves as the provincial capital. The province is administered by a governor.

## Related pages
* Provinces of Chile

## References
## Other websites
* Territorial division of Chile 
* Gobierno Regional de O'Higgins  Official website 
* Province of Cachapoal website
Hair tie

with a hair tie.]]

A **hair tie,** also known as a **ponytail holder,** or **hair band,** is an accessory used to hold back long hair, particularly away from areas such as the face. This is usually done as part of a hairstyle, such as pigtails, ponytails, or afro puffs.

Hair tie's elasticity and durability varies according to the material or materials from which they are made.  Most hair ties are made of elastic, wool, rubber, or stretchy cotton. A specific type of hair tie is known as a scrunchie. Scrunchies are hair ties that are covered with fabric.
Gurnard

**Gurnard** may refer to:

## Fish
* Gurnard, a fish of the family Triglidae.

## Other
*Gurnard, Isle of Wight, a village on the Isle of Wight in the British Isles, on
**Gurnard Bay
*USS *Gurnard* (SS-254), a United States Navy submarine of the Gato class
*USS *Gurnard* (SSN-662), a United States Navy nuclear fast attack submarine of the Sturgeon Class
*Short Gurnard, a fighter biplane
Macy's

'''Macy's** (originally **R. H. Macy & Co.''') is a North American department store chain, originally headquartered in New York until 1994. The company expanded through buyouts of various department stores and companies. Macy's status as an independent company ended in 1992 after filing for bankruptcy. The company was later bought by Cincinnati-based **Federated Department Stores** in 1994. The company moved its headquarters to Cincinnati that year. From 1995-2005 Federated began to fold its less popular chains such as Stern's, Lazarus and many others into Macy's. In 2005 Macy's acquired rival The May Department Stores Company creating the nation's largest department store holding company, with over 800 locations. On September 9, 2006 Macy's became a national brand after Federated retired the former May regional chains. In 2007 Federated announced it would re-brand to Macy's, Inc. as an effort to focus on the Macy's name. As of 2016 Macy's has stores in 45 states.

## References
Scotland, Connecticut

**Scotland** is a town in Windham County, Connecticut, in the United States. In 2020, 1,576 people lived there.  Scotland is a rural town. It has many farms. The town has the fewest people in the county.

## References
## Other websites
Neudorf, Lucerne

**Neudorf** was a municipality of the district Sursee in the canton of Lucerne in Switzerland.

On 1 January 2013, the former municipality of Neudorf merged into the municipality of Beromünster.
Neuenkirch

**Neuenkirch** is a municipality of the district of Sursee in the canton of Lucerne in Switzerland.

## Villages
Sempach Station, Hellbühl, Nellen, Werligen, Klosterhöfli, Klösterli, Lippenrüti, Trutigen, Sellenboden, Neuhus, Weiherhüsli, Rippertschwand, Helfenstegen, Moosschür, Wartensee, Adelwil, Gottsmännigen, Mettenwil and Brämenstall.

## References
## Other websites
* Official website
Filippo Juvarra

**Filippo Juvarra** was an architect from Italy who lived from 1678 to 1736. He was born in Messina. He designed many famous buildings, especially churches and palaces. 

## Works 
Here is a list of some buildings he designed:
* The Royal Palace of Madrid
* The front of the Royal Palace of La Granja de San Ildefonso, in Madrid
* Some parts of the Royal Palace of Aranjuez, in Madrid
* The gate of the Sanctuary of Oropa, in Biella
* The Basilica of Superga in Turin
* He finished the Santa Cristina, which is also in Turin
* He rebuilt the church of San Filippo Neri which is also in Turin
* He also designed the inside of the church of Santa Teresa (which is in Turin)
* The Palace of Stupinigi, which is six miles outside of Turin.
* The front of the Palazzo Madama which is in Central Turin.
* He also fixed the Palace of Venaria which had been damaged in the War of the Spanish Succesion. This building is located 8&nbsp;km northwest of Turin.
* The Royal Palace of Turin. (Which is in Turin)
Nottwil

**Nottwil** is a municipality of the district Sursee in the canton of Lucerne in Switzerland.

It is on the southern shore of Lake Sempach (*Sempachersee*).

## References
## Other websites
* Official website
Hurricane Matthew

**Hurricane Matthew** was an Atlantic hurricane. This storm developed on September 28, 2016. It threatened Jamaica, Cuba, the Dominican Republic and the Bahamas. Matthew hit Haiti on October 4, 2016. It struck Cuba later that evening.

The storm was the first Category 5 hurricane in the Atlantic since 2007's Hurricane Felix. Its peak winds were 160 miles per hour.

Matthew was forecast to affect the Southeastern United States from Florida to eastern North Carolina. It was also forecast to threaten New England at first. The forecast changed and later excluded New England.

The storm caused more than 1,600 deaths in Hispaniola and the Caribbean. In the United States, there were 49 deaths. The Dominican Republic had four deaths from Matthew.

Damage in Haiti was estimated at just over $1 billion (2016 USD).

## References
Schwarzenberg, Switzerland

**Schwarzenberg** is a municipality in the district Lucerne-Land in the canton of Lucerne in Switzerland.

## References
Life simulation game

A **life simulation game** is a kind of simulation game where the player takes on a -like  of the game. Unlike some other simulation games, which progress at the player's speed, a life simulation game continues automatically.

## References
Rubble

in Leicester, built c. 1511]]
**Rubble** is broken stone, of irregular size, shape and texture. Unfinished stone from a quarry is called rubble. Rubble naturally found in the soil is known also as '**brash**'. Where present, it becomes more noticeable when the land is ploughed or worked.

## Building
"Rubble-work" is a name applied to several types of masonry. One kind, where the stones are loosely thrown together in a wall between boards and grouted with mortar almost like concrete, is called in Italian "muraglia di getto" and in French "bocage". In Pakistan, walls made of rubble and concrete, cast in a formwork, are called 'situ', which probably derives from Sanskrit (similar to the Latin 'in situ' meaning 'made on the spot').

Walls that use large stones put together without any attempt at courses is called rubble walling.

### Rubble walls in Malta
, Malta]]

Rubble walls () are found all over the island of Malta. Similar walls are also frequently found in Sicily and the Arab countries. The various shapes and sizes of the stones used to build these walls look like stones that were found in the area lying on the ground or in the soil.  It is most probable that the practice of building these walls around the field was inspired by the Arabs during their rule in Malta, as in Sicily who were also ruled by the Arabs around the same period. The Maltese farmer found that the technique of these walls was very useful especially during an era where resources were limited. Rubble walls are used to serve as borders between the property of one farm from the other. A great advantage that  rubble walls offered is that when heavy rain falls, their structure would allow excessive water to pass through and therefore, excess water will not ruin the products. Soil erosion is minimised as the wall structure allows the water to pass through but it traps the soil and prevents it from being carried away from the field. One can see many rubble walls on the side of the hills and in valleys where the land slopes down and consequently the soil is in greater danger of being carried away.

## References
## Other websites 
* Example of a coursed rubble wall in Malta 
* Reusing construction rubble - Low cost alternative building materials; YouTube
* Few Things to Think About Before Building a Rock Wall; YouTube
Ronssoy

**Ronssoy** is a commune in the Somme department in Picardie in northern France.

## Geography
Ronssoy is  north of Saint-Quentin, on the D6 road.
Acheux-en-Amiénois

**Acheux-en-Amiénois** is a commune in the Somme department in Hauts-de-France in northern France.

In 2010, the population was 569.
The Swiss Family Robinson

***The Swiss Family Robinson*** (German: *Der Schweizerische Robinson*) is a novel by Johann David Wyss. It was first published in 1812. The story is about a Swiss family shipwrecked in the East Indies while on their way to Port Jackson, Australia.

## History
It was written by Swiss pastor Johann David Wyss, edited by his son Johann Rudolf Wyss and illustrated by his son Johann Emmanuel Wyss. The novel was intended to teach his four sons about family values, good husbandry, the uses of the natural world and self-reliance. Wyss' attitude toward education is in line with the teachings of Jean-Jacques Rousseau. Many of the episodes have to do with Christian-oriented moral lessons such as frugality, husbandry, acceptance, cooperation, etc. The family includes the sons Fritz, Ernest, Jack and Franz. It also includes their mother and their father who is the main character and narrator.

**Film versions**
* *Al-Ṭurfa al-Šahiyya fī aḫbār al-ʿAʾila al-Swīsiyya*, Arabic translation (c. 1900)
* *Swiss Family Robinson* (1940 film)
* *Swiss Cheese Family Robinson* (Mighty Mouse episode, 1947)
* *Swiss Family Robinson* (1960 Walt Disney film)
* *The Swiss Family Robinson* (1976)
* *The Adventures of Swiss Family Robinson* (1998)

**Television series**
* *English Family Robinson* (1957)
* *Lost in Space* (1965-1968) - science fiction adaptation in which the Robinsons are a family of explorers whose spacecraft goes off course. Identical concept to, but not based upon, the *Space Family Robinson* comic book listed below.
* *Swiss Family Robinson* (1974) — Canadian series starring Chris Wiggins
* *Swiss Family Robinson* (1975) — American series starring Martin Milner
* *The Swiss Family Robinson: Flone of the Mysterious Island*—(1981) anime series.
* *The Adventures of Swiss Family Robinson* (1998) — New Zealand series starring Richard Thomas

**Made for TV movies**
* *The Swiss Family Robinson* (1958)
* *The Swiss Family Robinson* (1973)
* *The Swiss Family Robinson* (1973)
* *The Swiss Family Robinson* (1975)
* *Beverly Hills Family Robinson* (1998)
* *The New Swiss Family Robinson* (1998) — Starring Jane Seymour, James Keach, and David Carradine
* *Stranded* (2002)

**Comic book series**
* *Space Family Robinson* (1962 to 1984) - science fiction adaptation

**Stage adaptations**
* *Swiss Family Robinson* written by Jerry Montoya and performed at B Street Theatre in Sacramento, California in 2009.

**Computer adventure game**
* *Swiss Family Robinson* (computer game) created in 1984 by Tom Snyder Productions for the Apple II and Commodore 64, published under the Windham Classics label.  The player takes the role of Fritz, the eldest brother.

**Parody**
* *The New Swiss Family Robinson* by Owen Wister (1882).

## Related pages 
* *Robinson Crusoe*
* *Castaway*
* *The Coral Island*
* *Lost in Space*

## References 
## Other websites 
* The Swiss Family Robinson; GoodReads
Zenón Díaz

**Zenón Díaz** (31 December 1880 – 5 September 1948) was an Argentine footballer who played as a defender for Rosario Central.

## Club career 
He started as a goalkeeper in 1903. Later, Díaz played as a defender, becoming in one of the most famous footballer of amateur era. He played around 150 games and scored 8 goals. He won 4 national titles and 7 locals titles with the *canallas*. He also worked at the Central Argentine Railway.

## National team career 
He was the first native player in Argentina national team. His first match was in 1905 versus Nottingham Forest. Later he played in several cups against Uruguay, and participated in the first South American Championship (1916).

File:Harry, Ennis Hayes y Zenón Díaz en 1916.JPG|Harry Hayes, Ennis Hayes and Zenón Díaz in 1916 South American Championship.
File:Zenón con Yebra y De Zorzi.JPG|Zenón Díaz in 1945, with Yebra and De Zorzi.
File:Zenón y Octavio.JPG|Zenón with his nephew Octavio, internacional goalkeeper, at the railway's workshop.
File:1ZenónDíaz.JPG|Zenón in 1905.
File:Zenón y harry.JPG|Here as standard-bearer of Rosario Central in 1929.
File:Zenón y Oscar Díaz.JPG|With his son Oscar, at a radio show, in occasion of fiftieth anniversary of Central.

## Honours 
;Rosario Central
* Copa de Competencia La Nación: 1913
* Copa Ibarguren: 1915
* Copa de Competencia Jockey Club: 1916
* Copa Honor MCBA: 1916
* Copa Nicasio Vila (6): 1908, 1914, 1915, 1916, 1917, 1919
* Federación Rosarina de Football: 1913
* Copa Damas de Caridad: 1910, 1914, 1915, 1916

;Argentina
* Copa Lipton: 1906
* Copa Premier Honor Argentino: 1913
* Copa Newton: 1916
* Copa Premier Honor Uruguayo: 1916

## References
Neutrality (international relations)

A **neutral country** is one that chooses not to take part in a War between other countries in international relations. International law allows a country to remain neutral during a period of war between two or more states. This is not the same as "neutralization", or  neutrality. It declared itself permanently neutral in the 1929 Lateran Treaty. Switzerland was recognized as remaining neutral in a 1920  by the League of Nations, also headquartered in Geneva. When the League was disbanded after World War II it was replaced by the United Nations. While Switzerland did not join the UN, in addition to recognizing its neutrality it was also given permanent observer status.

### Neutral countries
*Note: Whether a state that is a member of the European Union may be considered neutral is a point of debate. This is discussed in the section below.*

### Neutral European Union members
### Claim to be neutral
## References 
## Relating page 
*Demilitarized zone
*Peace treaty
## Other websites 
* Which Countries Are Neutral?
Battlefield 1

***Battlefield 1*** is a first-person shooter video game made by EA DICE and published by EA. This is the fourteenth battlefield game. The game was released on Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 4 and Xbox One, on October 21, 2016.

This game is a first-person shooter which is built around teamwork. This game is set in World War I and is based on historic events. The player uses weapons from World War I. DICE changed how melee combat worked and added new weapons. The player can also use many vehicles used in World War I.

The campaign, according to Daniel Berlin the game's designer, is larger with more open environments, with more option in the levels. The player controls multiply people during the game, when the character they play as dies, they will become another.

The game's multiplayer is planned to allow 64 players. The new squad system will allow a group of players to join and leave games together. Multiplayer maps are based on World War I location. The game will launch with nine maps and six game modes.

## Classes and Battle pickups
Assault - The demolition man of BF1 uses submachine guns and shotguns and is the best for anti-armor and close range firefights.

Medic - The healer of BF1 uses semi-auto/Fully automatic Rifles] and can revive dead teammates and Healing them

Support - Suppressor of BF1 uses Light/Heavy machine guns] can Resupply people (uses mortars and repair tool and limpet_mines

Sniper - the heavy hitter of BF1 uses long range/short range rifles] can detect people {uses spot flares and trip wires and k bullets}

## References
## Other websites
*
Rhyme royal

**Rhyme royal** is a seven-line stanza with rhyme scheme a-b-a-b-b-c-c. It is also spelled **Rime royal**.

\mathrm{a}-\mathrm{b}-\mathrm{a}-\mathrm{b}-**\mathrm{b}-\mathrm{c}-\mathrm{c}**

It is unknown who invented this scheme. Geoffrey Chaucer introduced the stanza into English poetry in 14th century. It may have been borrowed from Italian or French poetry, but the form became typically English. Chaucer used the form in *Troilus and Criseyde*. Rhyme royal was popular in the 15th and 16th centuries.

Many English and Scottish poets used rhyme royal. It is suitable for long poems. In English literature rhyme royal is almost always composed of ten-syllable lines with five beats. Outside England rhyme royal is not as popular. In the United States Emma Lazarus wrote some poems using ababbcc rhyme-scheme. This stanza comes form her poem *Sympathy* (included in *Epochs*).

: *It comes not in such wise as she had deemed,*	
: *Else might she still have clung to her despair.*	
: *More tender, grateful than she could have dreamed,*	
: *Fond hands passed pitying over brows and hair,*	
: *And gentle words borne softly through the air,*	        
: *Calming her weary sense and wildered mind,*	
: *By welcome, dear communion with her kind.*

Poets who wrote rhyme royal frequently were William Morris and John Masefield. In 20th century the stanza went out of use.

## References 
## Bibliography 
* Joseph Berg Esenwein, Mary Eleanor Roberts, *Art of Versification*. Revised edition. Springfield: 1920.
Rickenbach, Lucerne

**Rickenbach** is a municipality of the district of Sursee in the canton of Lucerne in Switzerland.

On 1 January 2013, the former municipality of Pfeffikon merged into the municipality of Rickenbach.

## References
## Other websites
* Official website
Travis County, Texas

**Travis County** is a county in south central Texas. The population was 1,290,188 at the 2020 census. It is the fifth-most populous county in Texas. Its county seat is Austin. Austin is also known as the capital of Texas.

The county was established in 1840. It is named for William Barret Travis. Travis was the commander of the Republic of Texas at the Battle of the Alamo.

Travis County is part of the Austin-Round Rock Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is located along the Balcones Fault. The physical boundaries of Austin are the Edwards Plateau to the west and the Blackland Prairie to the east.

## References
Ruswil

**Ruswil** is a municipality of the district Sursee in the canton of Lucerne in Switzerland.

## Villages
Merzenberg, Hunkelen, Ziswil, Holz, Grofenhusen, Buholz, Rüediswil, Sigigen, Werthenstein-Unterdorf.

## References
## Other websites
* Official website
Arrondissements of the Alpes-Maritimes department

There are 2 **arrondissements in the Alpes-Maritimes department**. The French departments, and in other countries, are divided into *arrondissements*, which may be translated into English as **districts** (in some cases, as **boroughs**). The capital of an arrondissement is called a subprefecture.

If the prefecture (capital) of the department is in an arrondissement, that prefecture is the capital of the arrondissement, acting both as a prefecture and as a subprefecture.

Arrondissements are further divided into communes.

The arrondissements of the Alpes-Maritimes are:

## History
Since its creation, the Alpes-Maritimes department has had some changes:
* 1793 : creation of the department with three districts: Menton, Nice and Puget-Théniers; the capital was Nice.
* 1794 : the district of Menton became the district of Fort-d'Hercule (Monaco).
* 1800 : creation of three arrondissements: Nice, Monaco and Puget-Théniers.
* 1805 : creation of the arrondissement of San-Remo; the arrondissement of Monaco is eliminated.
* 1814 : the department became part of the Kingdom of Sardinia.
* 1860 : the department is created again with the County of Nice and the arrondissement of Grasse that was part of the Var department. That year, the department was divided in three arrondissements: Nice, Grasse and Puget-Théniers.
* 1926 : the arrondissement of Puget-Théniers was eliminated.

## Related pages
*Arrondissement of Grasse
*Arrondissement of Nice
*List of arrondissements of France

## References
Wrath of the Titans

***Wrath of the Titans*** is a 2012 American-British-Spanish fantasy-adventure film directed by Jonathan Liebesman. It is a sequel to Clash of the Titans, and stars Sam Worthington, Liam Neeson, Rosamund Pike, Ralph Fiennes, Édgar Ramírez, Toby Kebell and Bill Nighy. The film takes place ten years after the events of the first film and involves Perseus battling to save Zeus-who is being held captive in the Underworld-as well as defeat the Titans (who have broken free from Tartarus thanks to the gods losing control of them while their immortality is draining) and save mankind. Like its predecessor it gained poor critical reviews, but was commercially successful. A sequel called *Revenge of the Titans* was in production but later scrapped.

## Plot
Ten years after battling the Kraken, Perseus (Sam Worthington) lives a simple life as a widower fisherman raising his son Helius (John Bell). Zeus (Liam Neeson) visits Perseus, asking for help, revealing that Kronos, the leader of the Titans, is escaping from the Underworld and the walls of Tartarus-where the Titans are imprisoned-are crumbling thanks to humanity's lack of prayers which is also causing the gods' immortality to drain. Perseus declines, valuing his family's safety.

Zeus travels to the underworld where he meets his brothers Hades (Ralph Fiennes) and Poseidon (Danny Huston) and son Ares (Édgar Ramírez). He asks for Hades' help in rebuilding the walls of Tartarus, but he rejects the offer and attacks Zeus. Ares betrays his father, imprisons him and steals his thunderbolt. Hades and Ares plan to make a deal with Kronos: they will drain Zeus's divine power to revive him in exchange for remaining immortal. The walls of Tartarus crumble and the Titans are unleashed.

After battling a chimera which attacked his village, Perseus travels to the underworld to meet Zeus. He instead discovers Poseidon, who is severely wounded and, after informing of the circumstances, tells Perseus  to find his demigod son Agenor (Toby Kebbell), who will lead him to the blacksmith god Hephaestus (Bill Nighy). Poseidon gives Perseus his trident and dies of his injuries, crumbling into dust.

Perseus, Andromeda (Rosamund Pike) and Agenor travel to a hidden island to find Hephaestus. Agenor explains that Hephaestus the weapons that Zeus, Poseidon and Hades use; the thunderbolt, trident and pitchfork and these weapons can form the Spear of Trium, which can destroy Kronos.

## References
Schenkon

**Schenkon** is a municipality of the district of Sursee in the Swiss canton of Lucerne.

## Villages
* Tann
* Tannberg
* Zopfenberg
* Zollhus

## References
## Other websites
* Official website
Sempach

**Sempach** is a municipality of the district of Sursee in the canton of Lucerne in Switzerland.

It is the home to the Sempach Bird Observatory.

It is on Lake Sempach.

Steinibühlweiher is located above the town.

## References
## Other websites
* Official website 
* Vogelwarte Sempach
Superalloy

engine. This blade is made of a Nickel-based superalloy.]]
A **superalloy**, or high-performance alloy, is a metal alloy that has several key s. These include excellent  to high temperatures and corrosion or oxidation. The term was first used after World War II. They were developed for use in jet engines and gas turbines. About 75% of superalloys are used in aerospace engineering.

## References
The Age of Extremes

***The Age of Extremes: The Short Twentieth Century, 1914–1991*** is a book by Eric Hobsbawm, published in 1994. In it, Hobsbawm comments on what he sees as the disastrous failures of state communism, capitalism, and nationalism. He is also skeptical of the progress of the arts and changes in society in the latter half of the twentieth century.

Hobsbawm calls the period from the start of World War I to the fall of the Soviet Union "the short twentieth century".

## References
Triengen

**Triengen** is a municipality of the district of Sursee in the canton of Lucerne in Switzerland.

## History
On 1 January 2005, the former municipalities of Kulmerau and Wilihof merged into the municipality of Triengen. Since 2009, Winikon part of the municipality.

## References
## Other websites
* Official website of Triengen
ShelterBox

**ShelterBox** is an international disaster relief charity that provides temporary shelter and life-saving supplies to  families. ShelterBox sends a package that typically contains a tent designed to withstand  weather conditions. It also has a water purification kit, blankets, tools, and other things needed to help a family  after a disaster.

## References 
## Other websites 
* ShelterBox home page
Château de Blois

The Royal **Château de Blois** (French: "Château Royal de Blois") is a palace in France. It is in the center of the city of Blois in the Loir-et-Cher Department. It has been the home for several French kings. 

The château is made of several buildings constructed from the 13th to the 17th century around the main courtyard. It has 564 rooms and 75 staircases although only 23 were used frequently. There is a fireplace in each room.  There are 100 bedrooms.

The château is now owned by the town of Blois and is a tourist attraction.

## Other websites
*Official website
Andainville

**Andainville** is a commune in the Somme department in Hauts-de-France in northern France.

## Geography
The commune is  south of Abbeville.
Willisau District

**Willisau** is a district of the canton of Lucerne in Switzerland. The capital is the municipality of Willisau.

It contains following municipalities:

* Alberswil
* Altbüron
* Altishofen
* Dagmersellen
* Ebersecken
* Egolzwil
* Ettiswil
* Fischbach
* Gettnau
* Grossdietwil
* Hergiswil bei Willisau
* Luthern
* Menznau
* Nebikon
* Ohmstal
* Pfaffnau
* Reiden
* Roggliswil
* Schötz
* Ufhusen
* Wauwil
* Wikon
* Willisau
* Zell
Altishofen

**Altishofen** is a municipality in Willisau in the canton of Lucerne in Switzerland. On 1 January 2020 the municipality of Ebersecken became part of Altishofen.

## References
## Other websites
* Official website
Growth medium

A **growth medium** or **culture medium** is a solid or liquid containing nutrients. It is designed to support the growth of microorganisms or cells, or small plants like moss.
There are different types of media for growing different types of cells.

There are a wide range of growth media used in biology. Some of the basic types are:

#Undefined versus defined media: with defined media we know exactly what chemicals are in them.
#Selective media: for example, a medium with an antibiotic added. The only things which grow are those resistant to the antibiotic.
#Differential media: these distinguish one microorganism type from another growing on the same plate.
#Transport media: these have just enough to let organisms survive.
#Enriched media: contain extra amino acids and other building blocks. Used to harvest a wide range of organisms from a particular source.

## References
Arrondissement of Grasse

The **arrondissement of Grasse** is an arrondissement of France, in the Alpes-Maritimes department, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region. Its capital is the city of Grasse.

## History
When the Alpes-Maritimes department was created on 1793, Grasse was part of the Var department. It became an *arrondissement* of the Alpes-Maritimes department in 1860.

## Geography
The *arrondissement* of Grasse is the most southern of the Alpes-Maritimes department. It is bordered to the north by the Alpes-de-Haute-Provence department, to the east by the Nice *arrondissement*, to the south by the Mediterranean Sea and to the west by the Var department.

The *arrondissement* of Grasse is the smallest in area of the two *arrondissements* of the department, , but the one with a higher population (560,045 inhabitants).

## Composition
### Cantons
After the reorganisation of the cantons in France, cantons are not subdivisions of the *arrondissements* so they could have *communes* that belong to different *arrondissements*.

In the *arrondissement* of Grasse, there are only two cantons where not all their "communes" are in the *arrondissement*: Nice-3 and Vence. The following table shows the distribution of the "communes" in the cantons and *arrondissements*:

### Communes
The *arrondissement* of Grasse has 62 *communes*; they are (with their INSEE codes)ː

 
# Aiglun (06001)
# Amirat (06002)
# Andon (06003)
# Antibes (06004)
# Auribeau-sur-Siagne (06007)
# Biot (06018)
# Bouyon (06022)
# Briançonnet (06024)
# Bézaudun-les-Alpes (06017)
# Cabris (06026)
# Cagnes-sur-Mer (06027)
# Caille (06028)
# Cannes (06029)
# Carros (06033)
# Caussols (06037)
# Châteauneuf-Grasse (06038)
# Cipières (06041)
# Collongues (06045)
# Conségudes (06047)
# Courmes (06049)
# Coursegoules (06050)
# Escragnolles (06058)
# Gars (06063)
# Gattières (06064)
# Gourdon (06068)
# Grasse (06069)
# Gréolières (06070)
# La Colle-sur-Loup (06044)
# La Gaude (06065)
# La Roquette-sur-Siagne (06108)
# Le Bar-sur-Loup (06010)
# Le Broc (06025)
# Le Cannet (06030)
# Le Mas (06081)
# Le Rouret (06112)
# Le Tignet (06140)
# Les Ferres (06061)
# Les Mujouls (06087)
# Mandelieu-la-Napoule (06079)
# Mouans-Sartoux (06084)
# Mougins (06085)
# Opio (06089)
# Peymeinade (06095)
# Pégomas (06090)
# Roquefort-les-Pins (06105)
# Roquestéron-Grasse (06107)
# Saint-Auban (06116)
# Saint-Cézaire-sur-Siagne (06118)
# Saint-Jeannet (06122)
# Saint-Laurent-du-Var (06123)
# Saint-Paul (06128)
# Saint-Vallier-de-Thiey (06130)
# Sallagriffon (06131)
# Spéracèdes (06137)
# Séranon (06134)
# Théoule-sur-Mer (06138)
# Tourrettes-sur-Loup (06148)
# Valbonne (06152)
# Valderoure (06154)
# Vallauris (06155)
# Vence (06157)
# Villeneuve-Loubet (06161)

The *communes* with more inhabitants in the *arrondissement* are:

## Related pages
* Arrondissements of the Alpes-Maritimes department
* List of arrondissements of France

## References
Winikon

**Winikon** was a municipality of the district of Sursee in the canton of Lucerne in Switzerland.

In 2009, it became part of the municipality of Triengen.
Siagne

The **Siagne** is a short river that flows through the Var and Alpes-Maritimes departments, in southeastern France.

## Geography
The Siagne river has a length of  and a drainage basin with an area of approximately .

Its average yearly discharge (volume of water which passes through a section of the river per unit of time) is 8.75 cubic metres per second at Pégomas, near Cannes.
### Course
The Siagne starts on the south side of the *Audibergue* mountain, in the *commune* of Escragnolles, Alpes-Maritimes department, at an elevation of about . It then flows to the southwest through the departments of Alpes-Maritimes and Var. For much of its length, it forms the border between the two departments.

Finally, the river flows into the Mediterranean Sea at the city of Mandelieu-la-Napoule.

The Siagne flows through 2 departments and 13 *communes*, in one region:
* Alpes-Maritimes department: Escragnolles, Saint-Vallier-de-Thiey, Saint-Cézaire-sur-Siagne, Le Tignet, Peymeinade, Mandelieu-la-Napoule, Auribeau-sur-Siagne, Pégomas, La Roquette-sur-Siagne
* Var: Mons, Callian, Montauroux, Tanneron

## Main tributaries 
The main tributaries of the Siagne river are:

**Left tributaries**:
* Vallon de Nans - 11 km
* Moucharonne - 14 km

**Right tributaries**:
* Siagnole - 19.5 km
* Biançon - 24.6 km

## Gallery

File:Gorges Malines 19.JPG|Gorges of the Siagne
File:Siagne embouchure.JPG|Mouth of the Siagne in Mandelieu-la-Napoule
File:Mandelieu-la-Napoule Siagne 1.jpg|Mouth of the Siagne in Mandelieu-la-Napoule

## Related pages
* List of rivers of France

## References
Lorenzo Ghiberti

**Lorenzo Ghiberti** (Florence, 1378 - 1 December 1455, Florence), born **Lorenzo di Bartolo**, was a sculptor, painter, and architect.

## Related pages
* List of Italian painters

## Bibliography 
*(it) Giulia Brunetti, *Ghiberti*, Sansoni, Florence, 1966.
*(it) Pierluigi De Vecchi ed Elda Cerchiari, ''I tempi dell'arte'', volume 2, Bompiani, Milan, 1999.
Cime du Gélas

**Cime du Gélas** () is a  high mountain on the boundary between France (Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region) and Italy (Province of Cuneo).

It is the highest peak of the Mercantour National Park () and of the Alpes-Maritimes department, while on the Italian side it is part of the Maritime Alps Natural Park (*Parco naturale delle Alpi Marittime*).

## Name
The name of the mountain comes from the Occitan verb *gelà* that means "to freeze" because the glaciers that are in the northern side; the glaciers have reduced their sizes during the late 20th century but they are still there.

## Geography
Cime du Gelàs is part of the Maritime Alps, southeast France. Geologically, it is part of the Mercantour-Argentera massif, and is mostly formed by gneiss.

The peak is composed of two smaller ones, divided by a gorge called *Sella del Gelàs*. The highest peak is the northern one; it is the easier to climb and has, on the top, a small wood sculpture of the Madonna and a cross on the top that was built here by order of priests from Cuneo.

## History
The first recorded ascension of the peak was made on 1864 by Paolo di Saint-Robert. in 1894, Victor de Cessole was the first to climb the mountain in winter.

## References
## Other websites
* Cime du Gélas at Altituderando.com
György Ligeti

**György Sándor Ligeti** (28 May 1923 – 12 June 2006) was a composer from Hungary. He was an important composer of avant-garde music. His music influenced many other composers. Some of his most famous works are an opera called *Le Grand Macabre*, a piece for orchestra called *Atmosphères*, a piece for choirs called *Lux Aeterna*, and a Requiem. Stanley Kubrick used parts of  *Atmosphères*, *Lux Aeterna*, and the Requiem for the soundtrack of his movie *2001: A Space Odyssey*. Many other movies use pieces of Ligeti's music on their soundtracks.

## Early life
Ligeti was born in Transylvania. His family were Hungarian Jews. His father and his brother died in the Holocaust. After World War II he studied music in Budapest at the Franz Liszt Academy of Music. He was a music teacher at the Franz Liszt Academy from 1950 to 1956. He also composed music at that time. Much of his music then was influenced by Hungarian folk music. He was also influenced by the music of Béla Bartók, another Hungarian composer.

Ligeti was married two times. His first wife was Brigitte Löw. They were married in 1949. They were divorced in 1952. His second wife was Vera Spitz. He married her in 1952. She is a psychologist. Their son Lukas, born in 1965, is a composer.

## Music
Some of Ligeti's important pieces of music are:
* *Artikulation*, electronic music.  He composed it in 1958
* *Atmosphères*, music for a full orchestra. He composed it in 1961
* *Aventures* and *Nouvelles Aventures*, music for singers and a small orchestra. The music has other strange sounds. The orchestra players also smash plates, bang on furniture, and pop paper bags. He composed these pieces between 1962 and 1965.
* *Requiem*, music for  solo singers (a soprano and a mezzo-soprano), two choirs of men and women, and an orchestra with many percussion instruments. He composed it in 1965.
* *Lux Aeterna*, music for a choir of 16 men and women. He composed it in 1966.
* *Magyar Etüdök*, music for a choir of 16 men and women.  The words are from Hungarian poems. He composed it in 1966.
* *Continuum*, music for harpsichord. He composed it in 1968,
* *Le Grand Macabre*, an opera. It was performed for the first time in Stockholm in 1978. It has been performed in many other countries. He made big changes to the opera in 1997.
* *Hamburg Concerto*, a concerto  for a solo horn and a small orchestra with four more horns. It has six parts. He composed it in 1999

## References
Njál's saga

***Njáls saga*** or ***"The Story of Burnt Njáll"***) is a thirteenth-century Icelandic saga which describes events between 960 and 1020. It's theme is Christianity - with the Althing one man one night ponder decision for Iceland's Constitutional Conversion to the New Christian Creed in 1000 AD - and also with the natural "Christian", Old Njal, a good and decent owner who has bad pagan Chlidren, innocent and accepting dying a protomartyr's death for goodness in his perpretrated burning wood-house.

The principal characters are the friends Njáll Þorgeirsson, a lawyer and a sage, and Gunnar Hámundarson, a formidable warrior. Gunnar's wife starts a feud. This leads to the death of many characters over several decades. The central event is the killing of Njál by fire.

The saga deals with blood feuds in the Icelandic peoples. It shows how honor could lead to minor events spiralling into destructive and prolonged bloodshed. There are insults where a character's manhood is called into question. Another characteristic of the narrative is the presence of omens and prophetic dreams. This might reflect a fatalistic outlook on the part of the author.

A key feature of the writing is the valedictory, which is a farewell statement. Just before death, the character speaks his last.

The work is anonymous, and there is speculation about the author's identity. The major events of the saga are probably historical. The material was shaped by the author, drawing on oral tradition, according to his artistic needs. *Njáls saga* is the longest and most highly developed of the sagas of the Icelanders. It is often considered the peak of the saga tradition.

## References
World Geodetic System

The **World Geodetic System** (**WGS**) is a standard for use in cartography, geodesy, and navigation including GPS.

It comprises a standard coordinate system for the Earth, a standard for raw altitude data, and a geoid that defines the *nominal sea level*. The latest revision is **WGS 84**.
Geo (microformat)

found on a Wikipedia page by Firefox's Operator extension]]

**Geo** is a microformat for marking up WSG84 geographical coordinates in (X)HTML.

Geo allows parsing tools to extract a location. The location can then be used in another website or mapping tool. It can also input into a GPS.
Prometheus Global Media

**Prometheus Global Media** is a New York City-based media company.

The company owns and operates a number of major entertainment publications and their associated digital properties. These include *Adweek*, *Backstage*, *Billboard*, *Film Journal International*, and *The Hollywood Reporter*.
Dagmersellen

**Dagmersellen** is a municipality of the district of Willisau in the canton of Lucerne in Switzerland.

On 1 January 2006, the former municipalities of Buchs and Uffikon merged into the municipality of Dagmersellen.

## References
## Other websites
* Official website
Ebersecken

**Ebersecken** was a municipality in Willisau in the canton of Lucerne in Switzerland. On 1 January 2020, Ebersecken became part of Altishofen.

## References 
## Other websites
Thomas Kyd

**Thomas Kyd** (1558-1594) was an English playwright.

Kyd is the author of *The Spanish Tragedy*. It was the most popular play of the time and many playwrights imitated it. A character in *The Spanish Tragedy* likely influenced Shakespeare when writing Hamlet.

## References 
## Other websites
* Full text of *The Spanish Tragedy* by Thomas Kyd