open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Aneuploidy

**Aneuploidy** is a condition where the nucleus of a cell has one or a few chromosomes more or less than the usual number in the species. It is a common cause of genetic disorders. Aneuploidy occurs during cell division when the chromosomes do not separate properly between the two cells. 

Aneuploidy often causes birth defects and miscarriages. Birth defects make up about 3% of births in the United States. Among those who survive birth, Down syndrome is the most common form of aneuploidy. Many with Down syndrome do survive to adulthood. The aneuploid theory of cancer suggests that aneuploidy is a cause of cancer rather than a result of it. 

## Related pages 
*Trisomy
*Polyploidy

## References
Bob Geigel

**Robert "Bob" Geigel** (October 1, 1924 – October 30, 2014) was an American professional wrestling promoter and also a professional wrestler. 

Geigel ran the NWA Central States promotion between 1963 and 1986, until it was bought out by Jim Crockett Promotions. He was also president of the National Wrestling Alliance for most of the years 1978 to 1987.

Geigel died on October 30, 2014 of Alzheimer's disease in Kansas City, Missouri, aged 90.

## References
Anthony Duclair

**Anthony Duclair** (born August 26, 1995) is a Canadian ice hockey left winger. He currently plays for the Florida Panthers of the National Hockey League (NHL). He has also played for the New York Rangers, Arizona Coyotes, Chicago Blackhawks, Columbus Blue Jackets, and Ottawa Senators. He was born in Montreal, Quebec, and he grew up in Pointe-Claire, Montreal, Quebec.

## Career
Before playing in the NHL, Duclair played 3 seasons with the Quebec Remparts of the Quebec Major Junior Hockey League (QMJHL). During his time with the Remparts, Duclair was able to score 50 goals in 59 games during the 2013–14 QMJHL season. Due to his impressive feat, he was named to the QMJHL First All-Star Team.

He was drafted 80th overall by the New York Rangers in the 2013 NHL Entry Draft. On January 2, 2014, he was signed to a three-year entry-level contract as a free agent by the New York Rangers. On October 27, 2014, Duclair scored his first NHL goal against Darcy Kuemper of the Minnesota Wild.

On March 1, 2015, the Rangers traded Duclair to the Arizona Coyotes along with John Moore and two draft picks, in exchange for Keith Yandle and Chris Summers. On October 14, 2015, Duclair scored his first NHL career hat-trick in a 4–0 shutout win against the Anaheim Ducks.

## References
## Other websites 
*
Noguera (comarca)

**Noguera** (, ) is a comarca (county) in the Province of Lleida, Catalonia, Spain. It is the largest comarca and its area represents some 5,56% of Catalonia. Its capital is Balaguer.

## Municipalities
Populations are for 2001.
*Àger - pop. 497 
*Albesa - pop. 1,523 
*Algerri - pop. 507 
*Alòs de Balaguer - pop. 167 
*Artesa de Segre - pop. 3,413 
*Les Avellanes i Santa Linya - pop. 475 
*Balaguer - pop. 14,068 
*La Baronia de Rialb - pop. 285 
*Bellcaire d'Urgell - pop. 1,215 
*Bellmunt d'Urgell - pop. 232 
*Cabanabona - pop. 96 
*Camarasa - pop. 886 
*Castelló de Farfanya - pop. 570 
*Cubells - pop. 381 
*Foradada - pop. 209 
*Ivars de Noguera - pop. 340 
*Menàrguens - pop. 830 
*Montgai - pop. 819 
*Oliola - pop. 283 
*Os de Balaguer - pop. 822 
*Penelles - pop. 538 
*Ponts - pop. 2366 
*Preixens - pop. 522 
*La Sentiu de Sió - pop. 469 
*Tiurana - pop. 30 
*Torrelameu - pop. 578 
*Térmens - pop. 1,394 
*Vallfogona de Balaguer - pop. 1,511 
*Vilanova de Meià - pop. 423 
*Vilanova de l'Aguda - pop. 256

## Other websites
*Official comarcal web site 
*Statistics from the Institut d'Estadística de Catalunya
Anson Carter

**Anson Carter** (born June 6, 1974) is a Canadian retired ice hockey right winger. He played for the Washington Capitals, Boston Bruins, Edmonton Oilers, New York Rangers, Los Angeles Kings, Vancouver Canucks, Columbus Blue Jackets, and the Carolina Hurricanes of the National Hockey League (NHL). He also played for the HC Lugano of the National League A (NLA). He was born in Toronto, Ontario, and he grew up in Scarborough, Ontario.

## Career
Before playing in the NHL, Carter played 4 years of college hockey with the Michigan State University Spartans. During his time with the Spartans, Carter was named to the CCHA First All-Star Team in 1994 and 1995, the Second All-Star Team in 1996, and the NCAA West Second All-American Team in 1995.

He was drafted 220th overall by the Quebec Nordiques in the 1992 NHL Entry Draft. On April 3, 1996, the Nordiques' successor, the Colorado Avalanche, traded him to the Washington Capitals in exchange for a fourth-round pick in the 1996 NHL Entry Draft.

Carter played half a season with the Rangers. On January 23, 2004, the Rangers traded Carter back to the Capitals in exchange for Jaromír Jágr. During his time with the Canucks, Carter played on the second offensive line with identical twins Henrik and Daniel Sedin, where the trio were known informally as the "Brothers Line". He also set a career high in goals with 33, leading the team, and he earned the Canucks' Most Exciting Player Award. Carter and the Canucks had a contract dispute and he did not resign with them.

On September 13, 2006, Carter signed a one-year contract with the Columbus Blue Jackets. He played 1 season with the Blue Jackets. Columbus traded Carter to the Carolina Hurricanes for Carolina's fifth-round pick (Tomáš Kubalík) in the 2008 NHL Entry Draft on February 23, 2007.

Carter rejoined the Edmonton Oilers on a try-out basis during their training camp in September 2007. He played one exhibition game with them before he was released on October 2, 2007. Carter decided to travel to Switzerland and signed with HC Lugano of the National League A (NLA). Carter retired from playing professional ice hockey in 2008.

Carter founded Big Up Entertainment, a record label that specializes in hip hop music in March 2005.

## References
## Other websites 
*
*
The Boy Next Door

***The Boy Next Door*** is an American psychological thriller movie. It was released in January 2015. It was directed by Rob Cohen. The movie was written by Barbara Curry. The movie stars are Jennifer Lopez, Ryan Guzman, John Corbett and Kristin Chenoweth.

## Plot 
After separating from her husband, a woman has a one-night stand with her new 19-year-old neighbor.

## Cast 
* Jennifer Lopez as Claire Peterson
* Ryan Guzman as Noah Sandborn
* Kristin Chenoweth
* John Corbett
* Ian Nelson as Kevin Peterson
* Hill Harper
* Adam Hicks
* Bailey Chase
* Travis Schuldt

## Other websites 
* The Boy Next Door at the Trailer Motion
* 
* The Boy Next Door at the Rotten Tomatoes
* The Boy Next Door at the Box Office Mojo
Thomas Menino

**Thomas Michael Menino** (December 27, 1942 – October 30, 2014) was an American politician. He served as the 53rd Mayor of Boston, Massachusetts (1993–2014). He was the city's longest-serving mayor. Before becoming mayor, the Boston native was a member and President of Boston City Council.

Menino died in Boston, Massachusetts from cancer of unknown primary origin, aged 71.

## References
## Other websites
*Biography at City of Boston website
*CityMayors profile
Taylor Spreitler

**Taylor Spreitler** (born October 23, 1993) is an American actress and former model. She played the role of Mia McCormic on the NBC soap opera *Days of our Lives*. She appeared as Lennox Scanlon in the ABC Family sitcom *Melissa & Joey*.

## Movies 
## References 
## Other websites 
* 
*
Northampton railway station

**Northampton railway station** is a major station serving the town of Northampton in Northamptonshire, England. It is located on the Northampton loop, part of the West Coast Main Line. The station is served by London Midland services and run frequent between London Euston and Birmingham New Street and is also served by infrequent semi-fast Virgin Trains services to London Euston.
Colors of the Wind

"**Colors of the Wind**" is a song written by Stephen Schwartz. It was composed by Alan Menken. The song was for Walt Disney Pictures' 33rd animated movie *Pocahontas* (1995). The recording is the movie's theme song. It was originally recorded by American singer and actress Judy Kuhn. American singer Vanessa Williams' cover of the song was released as the lead single from the movie's soundtrack. The song is a pop ballad that is about respecting nature and living in harmony with the Earth's creatures. The song is recorded in the Native Americans point of view.

"Colors of the Wind" won the Academy Award for Best Original Song at the 68th Academy Awards in 1995, becoming composer Alan Menken's fourth win in the category. It also won the Golden Globe in the same category as well as the Grammy Award for Best Song Written for a Movie.
Girl on the Edge

***Girl on the Edge*** is an American drama movie. It is based on the novel of the same name that is based on real life events. The movie is a direct-to-video production. It stars Taylor Spreitler. The movie was directed by Jay Silverman.

Awards:  48th Annual Worldfest-Houston International Film Festival 2015, Best Editing: Lauren Connelly

Independent Filmmakers Showcase 2015, Best Cinematography: Andrew Russo DP

Independent Filmmakers Showcase 2015, Best Actress: Taylor Spreitler

## Plot 
Hannah Green  is a troubled teenage girl. She drinks, does drugs and lies about her age on a dating website. She meets up with a stranger from the internet who assaults her. Her family decides to take her to a camp based on a Cheyenne principle called Maheo or higher being where girls of her age try to recover from their emotional trauma. Hannah is upset with this decision and does not want to go. At the camp Hannah forms healthy friendships with other girls of her age.  She is also guided by kind, caring counselors who introduce Hannah to a horse named Betsy, a difficult horse.  Hannah forms a bond with Betsy that allows her to heal. With the help of her new friends, the caring adults in her life and Betsy, we watch as Hannah and all of her friends move toward healing.  We also get the perspective of her father and stepmother as they try to heal from Hannah's trauma.

The movie is an excellent example of friendship, unconditional love from parents and love from community. It is an inspirational movie for teens and adults alike. It is geared for older teens as some of the topics are not suitable for younger audiences.

## Cast of Characters 
Taylor Spreitler - Hanna Green

Peter Coyote - Hank Taylor

Gil Bellows - Jake Green

Amy Price-Francis - Anne Green

Shane Graham - Tommy Miller

Elizabeth Pena - Esther

Amy Davidson - Ariel
The Dawn of Grace

***The Dawn of Grace*** is the fifth studio album by Sixpence None the Richer. The album was released on October 14, 2008.

## Track listing
## References
Property Brothers

***Property Brothers*** is a Canadian reality television show. It is co-produced by Nelvana and Cineflix. The show airs on CBC Television (Canada) and HGTV (US). It airs as **My Dream Home** in Austraila on LifeStyle Home and in New Zealand on ChoiceTV. The show is called Irmãos a Obra in Brazil on Discovery Home & Health and as La casa de mis sueños in Spain on Divinity and on Decasa. The show stars identical twin brothers Jonathan and Drew Scott (born 28 April 1978). They help home buyers buy and fix homes that needs more fixing than ready-to-move-in homes.

## Episodes
## References
## Other websites
*
*
*
*
Coyote Ugly

***Coyote Ugly*** is an American romantic comedy/drama movie. It is based on the real Coyote Ugly saloon. The movie is set in New York City. The movie stars Piper Perabo and Adam Garcia. It was directed by David McNally. The movie was produced by Jerry Bruckheimer and Chad Oman. It was written by Gina Wendkos.

## Plot 
Violet Sanford (Piper Perabo) leaves her hometown of South Amboy, New Jersey. She leaves to New York City to pursue her dreams of becoming a songwriter. Violet is not successful in finding someone to hire her at any recording studios. She mistakenly believes that Kevin O'Donnell (Adam Garcia) is a bar owner. She gives him a tape of Violet's demo recordings. She later finds out after his boss reveals his true identity. When Violet returns home, she finds out that her house was robbed. With only a few dollars on her, she goes to an all-night diner. There she sees three girls Cammie (Izabella Miko), Rachel (Bridget Moynahan), and Zoe (Tyra Banks). The girls are showing off hundreds of dollars in tips they earned. She then finds out that they work at a bar called Coyote Ugly.

Violet convinces the bar owner Lil (Maria Bello) to give her an audition. Violet's first audition does not go well. However, after breaking up a fight between two customers, Lil agrees to give her a second chance. At her second audition, she throws a bucket filled with water to the fire warden. This cost Lil $250. In order to keep her job, Violet had to make up $250 in one night. Kevin turns up at the bar. He then is auctioned off to one of the women in the bar. Violet and Kevin begins a relationship.

Kevin tries to help Violet overcome her stage fright. He does this so she can sell her music. Violet is fired from the bar after Kevin gets into a fight at the bar. Violet returns to New Jersey for her best friend's wedding. When she returns, her father is sent to the emergency room after he was involved in a car accident. Violet performs at an open mic night at the Bowery Ballroom with the "Coyotes". Her father, her best friend, and Kevin arrive there for support. The performance goes well. She finally lands a deal with a record label. The movie ends with LeAnn Rimes singing Violet's song.

## Cast
* Piper Perabo as Violet Sanford
* Adam Garcia as Kevin O'Donnell
* John Goodman as William Sanford
* Maria Bello as Lil
* Izabella Miko as Cammie
* Tyra Banks as Zoe
* Bridget Moynahan as Rachel
* Melanie Lynskey as Gloria
* Del Pentecost as Lou
* Michael Weston as Danny
* Melody Perkins as New Coyote
* Johnny Knoxville as College Guy
* Alex Borstein as bidding auction woman (uncredited)
* Carol Ann Susi as bidding auction woman (uncredited)
* LeAnn Rimes as Singing Voice of Violet (uncredited)
* The film has a performance by the band The Calling.
* Susan Yeagley as bidding auction woman (uncredited)
* The band playing at the end of the film is Chalk FarM.
* Michael Bay makes a cameo as a photographer.
* Kaitlin Olson as bidding auction woman.

## Other websites 
* 
* 
* 
* 
* 
*  Comparison of the theatrical release and the Unrated Edition, with screenshots
Will Jennings

**Wilbur H. "Will" Jennings** (June 27, 1944 &ndash; September 6, 2024) was an American songwriter. He was born in Kilgore, Texas. He was known for writing the lyrics for "My Heart Will Go On". The recording was used as the theme for movie *Titanic* (1997). He has been included into the Songwriter's Hall of Fame. He also won several awards including three Grammy Awards, two Golden Globe Awards, and two Academy Awards.

Jennings died of a long-illness in Tyler, Texas on September 6, 2024 at the age of 80.

## Awards
Jennings has received awards for writing lyrics to the following songs:

*"My Heart Will Go On" from the movie *Titanic*
::Academy Award for Best Original Song
::Grammy Award for Song of the Year
::Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song – Motion Picture
*"Tears In Heaven" from the movie *Rush*
::Grammy Award for Song of the Year
::Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song
*"Up Where We Belong" from the movie *An Officer and a Gentleman*
::Academy Award for Best Original Song
::BAFTA Film Awards for Best Original Song
::Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song

## References 
## Other websites 
*
*
Ravaillacz

**Ravaillacz** is a superquartet from Sweden. They participated at Melodifestivalen 2013 with the charting song "*En riktig jävla schlager*". The song ended up 10th. The group consists of Tommy Körberg, Claes Malmberg, Johan Rabaeus and Mats Ronander.

The group also appeared at Allsång på Skansen on 6 August 2013.

## References
Lee Kings

The **Lee Kings** was a pop group from Sweden. The band was established in 1964 as Lenne & The Lee Kings. The band scored several hits at the *Tio i topp* chart.

The group originally consisted of Lenne Broberg, Bengt Dahlén, Bjarne Möller, Olle Nordström and Lasse Sandgren. In 1966, Olle Nordström left the band and was repalced with Mike Watson. In 1967, eveen Lasse Sandgren left the band and was repalced with Tony Walter, and for a while even Bengt Dahlén and Bjarne Möller, who was replaced with Johnny Lundin.

## Hit songs
*Stop the Music
*L.O.D. (Love On Delivery)
*Why, Why, Why
*I Can't Go On Living, Baby, Without You

## References 
*The Lee Kings  from Swedish Beat
*The Lee Kings official website 
*SVENSK POPHISTORIA. De 12 största popbanden i Sverige på sextiotalet.
Paris Smith

**Paris Smith** (born February 1, 2000) is an American singer and actress. She is best known for her role in the Nickelodeon show Every Witch Way as *Maddie Van Pelt*.

In 2013, she won a Young Artist Award in the category *Young Actress 11 and 12 in a Short Film* for her performance in *Scouted*.

## Filmography 
## Discography 
## Awards and nominations 
## References 
## Other websites
*
*
Sam & Max: The Devil's Playhouse

'''''Sam & Max: The Devil's Playhouse'''* is a point and click game. It is the third season of the Sam & Max series. It was d in an episodic format, meaning the game is split up into episodes. The game was originally going to be released in 2009, but came out in April 2010. The game was shown off at GDC 2010, where they announced the final release date as April 15, 2010.

## Episodes
## Reviews
IGN gave the game a  of 8 out of 10. They said the first and last episodes were the  points.  

## References
## Other websites
* *Sam & Max: The Devil's Playhouse''  at Telltale Games
Grumpy Cat

**Grumpy Cat** (April 4, 2012 – May 14, 2019) was a famous cat on the internet. Her real name is **Tardar Sauce**. She became popular because she always looked unhappy or "grumpy".

Her owner said that her grumpy-looking face was due to feline dwarfism and the placement of her teeth in her mouth.

Grumpy Cat died at home on May 14, 2019 of a urinary tract infection, at the age of 7.

## History before popularity 
Grumpy Cat, lived with her owner, Tabatha Bundesen, in Morristown, Arizona.

She was born on April 4, 2012, with "a flat face, bubble eyes, and a short tail". Then, other users made photoshopped parodies of the unhappy cat with grumpy sayings, such as: *‘I had fun once. It was awful’* and *‘Just put me down’*.

Grumpy Cat has her own website. She has a Facebook page. She has a manager, Ben Lashes. He also represents Keyboard Cat and Nyan Cat. There are stuffed toy cats of her, t-shirts, calendars and mugs available for sale in stores and online. Many are featured on her website.

She appeared at the South by Southwest (SXSW) festival in Austin, Texas in 2013. She was shown in limited two-hour appearances every day.

Grumpy Cat was on the front page of *The Wall Street Journal* on May 30, 2013, and on the cover of *New York* magazine on October 7, 2013.

The cable news channel MSNBC named Grumpy Cat 2012's most influential cat.

In August 2015, it was announced that Grumpy Cat would get her own wax sculpture at Madame Tussauds in San Franscisco. An agent from Madame Tussauds in London said: "We're all very excited..." "She will launch there and then tour five other Madame Tussauds attractions in the US."

## Friskies sponsorship
Grumpy Cat was shown in some episodes of the Friskies brand of cat food YouTube game show, "Will Kitty Play With It?" In September 2013, it was announced that Grumpy Cat would become the Official Spokescat of Friskies and sponsor their advertising. TMZ reported that Friskies paid for her to fly first class. They gave her a private hotel room with a king-sized bed, a personal assistant, a chauffeur, and all the Friskies food and bottled water she wanted. and *Anderson Live* with Anderson Cooper. She also visited *Time* magazine for a photoshoot. Grumpy Cat was "interviewed" for a story in an issue of *Forbes* magazine. It was released on March 25.

## Christmas TV movie 2014 
In June 2014, news came out that the Lifetime television network would make a movie about Grumpy Cat. The name of the movie is ''Grumpy Cat's Worst Christmas Ever'', and it was first shown on the TV channel on November 29, 2014. Movie director Tim Hill wrote the script and the movie was made during the summer of 2014. Actress Aubrey Plaza did the voice acting for the Grumpy Cat character.

## References 
## Other websites 
* 
* Official website
James B. McPherson

**James Birdseye McPherson** (November 14, 1828 – July 22, 1864) was a Union Army major general during the American Civil War. He was killed at the Battle of Atlanta during the Atlanta Campaign.

## Early life 
McPherson was born in 1828 near Clyde, Ohio. He was the eldest son of William and Cynthia (Russell) McPherson who were farmers. To help his family, in 1841 at age 12, McPherson entered an apprenticeship at a general store. He became a clerk for Robert Smith. McPherson was raised and tutored along with Smith's children. His father died in 1847 and Smith paid for McPherson's education at Norwalk Academy. McPherson graduated in 1853, first in his class. In 1858 he was a first lieutenant. In 1861 when the Civil war broke out, he raised a company of s to fight for the Union. As part of Sherman's Atlanta Campaign, on several occasions his army threatened the enemy's supply lines. McPherson's army was also used in flanking maneuvers. Sherman's combined armies kept moving towards Atlanta while the confederate armies, under Joseph E. Johnston, fell back. Finally Johnston retreated into Atlanta on July 9–10. Jefferson Davis the Confederate president, ed Johnston for not stopping the Union army. Davis gave command to general John B. Hood, McPherson's friend and former roommate.

## His death 
On learning of Johnson's  by Hood, and knowing Hood as well as he did, McPherson  his army for an attack by Hood's confederates. McPherson's Army of the Tennessee was holding Sherman's left . On 22 July 1864, Hood directed his attack against McPherson's army. The battle went on for several hours.

## References 
## Other websites 
* McPherson Home 
* American Civil War: Major General James McPherson
Tony Kaye

**Tony Kaye** (born 11 January 1945) is an English musician career whose career began in 1968. He is best known as the keyboard player of Yes.

## Discography
### Yes
;Studio albums
# *Yes* (1969)
# *Time and a Word* (1970)
# *The Yes Album* (1971)
# *90125* (1983)
# *Big Generator* (1987)
# *Union* (1991)
# *Talk* (1994)
Rock art of the Iberian Mediterranean Basin

**Rock art of the Iberian Mediterranean Basin**, or **Levantine art**, is a group of over 750 prehistoric sites. They were declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1998.  

The art is small painted figures of humans and animals. The earliest phases are of animals only. They are the most advanced and widespread examples from this period, certainly in Europe.  It is notable for the number of places included, the largest concentration of such art in Europe.  Its name refers to the Mediterranean Basin. However, while some sites are near the sea, many of them are inland in Aragon and Castile-La Mancha. "Levantine Art" here means "from Eastern Spain", not the Levant region).

## Examples 

File:Cueva arana.svg|
File:Art rupestre chimiachas.jpg|
File:Cogul HBreuil.jpg|
File:Morella (combate-de-arquero.png|
File:Reproducció de motius zoomòrfics i goemètrics de la cova Fosca (la Vall d'Ebo), MARQ.JPG|

## References
Bride of Violence

***Bride of Violence*** (original title: ***Vendetta: Secrets of a Mafia Bride***) is a 1991 drama television movie. It was directed by Stuart Margolin. It is rated R.

A sequel called *Bride of Violence 2* was made in 1993.

## Story 
A woman falls in love with the man who accidentally killed her father.Then the woman felt shy and pained.She decided that she will leave him.
But the boy come to her again and again and said that he didn't kill her father.But the woman didn't love him.
She started a job and living alone.
After a few years she came to know that his lover didn't kill her father.Then the woman felt shy and commit suicide.

## Actors 
* Eric Roberts
* Carol Alt
* Eli Wallach
* Burt Young

## Other websites 
*
Army of the Tennessee

The **Army of the Tennessee** was a Union field army during the American Civil War. It fought in the Western Theater. It was named after the Tennessee River. It is not the same as the Army of Tennessee, which was a Confederate army named after the state of Tennessee.

## History 
The name of "Army of the Tennessee" was first used in March 1862. It was used for the army commanded by Ulysses S. Grant. The army was commanded by Grant from 1862 until late summer 1863. At that time Grant was promoted to command of all of the Union armies in the Western Theater. Then the Army of the Tennessee was commanded by William T. Sherman. On August 1, 1863 when Sherman was given command of all armies in the west, James B. McPherson took command of the Army of the Tennessee. General Oliver O. Howard then took command of the Army of the Tennessee.

## Battles 
The Army of the Tennessee fought in several of the largest battles of the Civil War, including the Battle of Shiloh, the Siege of Vicksburg, and the Battle of Bentonville. It played a large part in the Atlanta Campaign and fought in the Battle of Atlanta. The Army of the Tennessee marched in Washington, D.C. in the final grand review. On July 28, 1865 at Louisville, the last units were mustered out.

## References 
## Other websites 
* McPherson takes over the Union Army of the Tennessee
* The Army of the Tennessee. Blue and Gray Trail
Hitoshi Motoshima

was a Japanese politician. He served four terms as mayor of Nagasaki from 1979 to 1995. He has publicly made controversial statements about the responsibility of Japan and its then-reigning Emperor for World War II. He survived an assassination attempt in 1990.

On October 31, 2014, Motoshima died at the age of 92 in Nagasaki, Japan from natural causes.

## References
David Manker Abshire

**David Manker Abshire** (April 11, 1926 – October 31, 2014) was an American politician. He served as a Special Counselor to President Ronald Reagan and was the U.S. Ambassador to NATO from 1983-87. Abshire was born in Chattanooga, Tennessee.

In July 2002, he was elected President of the Richard Lounsbery Foundation of New York. He was a member of the exclusive Alfalfa Club.

Abshire was a Republican and the author of seven books, the most recent being *A Call to Greatness: Challenging Our Next President*, which was published in 2008. Abshire was married and had five children.

He was a member of the advisory council of the Victims of Communism Memorial Foundation and sat  on the advisory board of America Abroad Media.

Abshire died on October 31, 2014 in Alexandria, Virginia from pulmonary fibrosis, aged 88.

## References
Dijon mustard

**Dijon mustard** is a kind of culinary mustard that was first prepared around the town of Dijon, in eastern France. Dijon mustard was first prepared in the 18th century. 

Properly, it is made from black mustard seeds, but commercially brown mustard is often used. In the original recipe, citric acid was used for its preparation. Commercially, this is often replaced by vinegar. Salt is also added. The oil in the mustard seeds is not removed. 

Dijon mustard is not especially hot compared with English mustard. However, it is hotter than Bordeaux mustard, which is pretty mild. 

Dijon mustard is used for many recipes in French cuisine. As an example, the original mayonnaise recipe uses Dijon mustard.
Christer Sjögren

**Christer Sjögren** (born 6 April 1950 in Hagfors, Sweden) is a Swedish dansband and rock singer. He is well known for earlier being the lead vocalist of Swedish dansband Vikingarna.

## References
## Other websites
Diane de Poitiers

**Diane de Poitiers** (9 January 1500 – 25 April 1566) was the mistress of Henry II of France.

## References
## Other websites
The Imitation Game

***The Imitation Game*** is an American biographical thriller drama movie.  The movie was first shown at a movie festival on August 29, 2014.  It was released on November 28, 2014. It is about Alan Turing, a computer scientist who was prosecuted for his homosexuality. Benedict Cumberbatch plays Turing. Keira Knightley plays Joan Clarke. It also stars Charles Dance. The reviews of the movie were positive. Rotten Tomatoes gave it an audience rating of 94%.

## References
Jumper

**Jumper** was a pop group in Kristinehamn, Sweden. The group active between 1996 and 2001. The group scored single chart successes in Sweden with songs like *När hela världen står utanför*, *Tapetklister*, *Välkommen hit* and *Miljonär*.

The band won a 1996 Rockbjörnen award in the category "Swedish group of the year".

## Members
*Niklas Hillbom - song and guitar
*Preben Rydin - guitar and chorus
*Martin Andersson - bass and chorus
*Jonas Moberg - drums
*Jan "Linda" Lindström - guitar, piano, organ and chorus

## References
Witold Kiełtyka

**Witold "Vitek" Kiełtyka** (January 24, 1984 – November 2, 2007) was a Polish musician. 

## Career
He was best known as the drummer and percussionist for the Polish death metal band Decapitated. He was also the younger brother of his bandmate Wacław "Vogg" Kiełtyka. Besides the Decapitated, Kiełtyka also worked for the death metal bands Dies Irae and Panzer X.

## Death
On October 29, 2007, while the band was traveling to a show in Gomel, Belarus, they and the other band that was on the tour bus, Crionics, were involved in an accident. The tour bus that was carrying the two bands, hit a truck that was carrying wood. The accident left both Kiełtyka and Adrian Kowanek with serious head injuries.

Both Kiełtyka and Adrian Kowanek were rushed to a hospital in Novozybkov, Russia. On November 1, 2007, Kiełtyka's family released a statement that said that his condition had improved. He underwent trepanation and was supposed to be transported to a hospital in Kraków, Poland, for further treatment. However, on November 2, 2007, Kiełtyka died at the age of 23.

## References
Nick Cave

**Nicholas Edward "Nick" Cave** (22 September 1957) is an Australian musician, songwriter, author, screenwriter, and composer.

Cave was born in Warracknabeal, Victoria and grew up in Wangaratta, Victoria.

He is best known as lead singer of the rock band Nick Cave and the Bad Seeds. The Bad Seeds began in 1983 and are known for their interesting and different musical styles. Cave had previously been the lead singer of the gothic band, The Birthday Party.  This group was well known for its challenging songs and violent sound. Their music was influenced by free jazz, blues, and punk. In 2006, Cave started a garage rock band Grinderman, and recorded their first album, Grinderman (album) in 2007. Cave's music is very emotional with many different musical influences. His songs are about religion, death, love and violence. In the early 2010s, the *NME* called him "the grand lord of gothic lushness".

Cave was added to the ARIA Hall of Fame in 2007. The ARIA Awards chairman Ed St John said, "Nick Cave has enjoyed—and continues to enjoy—one of the most extraordinary careers in the annals of popular music. He is an Australian artist like Sidney Nolan is an Australian artist—beyond comparison, beyond genre, beyond dispute."

## Discography 
**Nick Cave and the Bad Seeds**
* *From Her to Eternity* (1984)
* *The Firstborn Is Dead* (1985)
* *Kicking Against the Pricks* (1986)
* *Your Funeral… My Trial* (1986)
* *Tender Prey* (1988)
* *The Good Son* (1990)
* *Henry’s Dream* (1992)
* *Let Love In* (1994)
* *Murder Ballads* (1996)
* *The Boatman’s Call* (1997)
* *No More Shall We Part* (2001)
* *Nocturama* (2003)
* *Abattoir Blues/The Lyre of Orpheus* (2CD) (2004)
* *Dig, Lazarus, Dig!* (2008)
* *Push the Sky Away* (2013)
* *Skeleton Tree* (2016)
* *Ghosteen* (2019)
* *Wild God* (2024)

**Grinderman**
* *Grinderman* (2007)
* *Grinderman 2* (2010)

## References
John Forzani

**John Forzani** (April 5, 1947 – October 31, 2014) was a Canadian businessman, former Canadian Football League (CFL) player, and CFL team owner. He was the Chairman and co-founder of the Forzani Group. He was born in Calgary, Alberta. In 1971, he joined the Calgary Stampeders as an offensive lineman and was part of the winning team of the 59th Grey Cup. He played football until 1976.

Forzani died of a heart attack in Palm Springs, California, aged 67.

## References
Lieutenant colonel

**Lieutenant colonel ** is a rank of commissioned officer in the armies, most marine forces and some air forces of the world. It typically ranks above a major and below a colonel. The rank of lieutenant colonel is often shortened to simply "colonel" in conversation and in unofficial correspondence. A lieutenant colonel is typically in charge of a battalion in the army.

## References
Fattoush

**Fattoush** (Arabic: **فتوش**)  is a Lebanese salad. It includes toasted or fried pieces of pita bread, combined with chopped raw vegetables. A sauce with a slightly sour taste is put on the salad.

## References
Clyde, Ohio

**Clyde**  is a city in Sandusky County, Ohio, United States. The population was 6,294 at the 2020 census. The National Arbor Day Foundation has designated Clyde as a Tree City USA. Clyde was named after Clyde, New York, the hometown of an early resident.

The town is known for having served as the setting for Sherwood Anderson's 1919 collection of short stories *Winesburg, Ohio *.

## Notable residents
* Sherwood Anderson - author
* Tim Anderson - NFL defensive tackle, Atlanta Falcons
* Chi Laughlin - 1981 Little Mr. America 
* James B. McPherson - Union major general.
* George W. Norris - United States Senator from Nebraska.
* Rodger Young - Medal of Honor recipient, World War II

## References
Garlic knot

**Garlic knots** are a type of bread with garlic.  They are usually found in pizza places around the New York City and in other areas. They were first made in 1973 by people who wanted to use pastry left over from cooking pizza.

Traditionally, bread dough is used to make garlic knots. The dough is pre-baked in a pizza oven after being rolled and then pulled into tiny, snug overhand knots. After that, the knots are either dipped in or liberally coated with a mixture of oil, Parmesan cheese, and crushed garlic; other toppings include black pepper, dry oregano, or finely chopped parsley. Garlic knots are roasted twice before serving and can be served with marinara sauce.
Assassin's Creed: Revelations

'''''Assassin's Creed: Revelations''''' is a 2011 stealth video game made by Ubisoft. It is a sequel to Assassin's Creed: Brotherhood. It is the last game that had Ezio Auditore as a playable character. The game is set in Constantinople (modern day Turkey).

The game got very good reviews, and sold many copies. The game got an 80 out of 100 average from Metacritic. The game sold a million copies in one month. It has sold over 7 million copies overall.

## References
Lieutenant general

**Lieutenant general** or **lieutenant-general** (abbrev Lt Gen, LTG etc.), is a military rank (NATO code OF-8). It is used in many countries. The rank traces its origins to the Middle Ages where the title of lieutenant general was held by the second in command on the battlefield. The lieutenant general was normally  to a captain general.

In modern armies, lieutenant general normally ranks directly below a general and above a major general. It is equivalent to the navy rank of vice admiral. In air forces with a separate rank structure, it is equivalent to air marshal. In the US Army a lieutenant general usually commands an army corps. 

In a number of countries, the rank of lieutenant general is the highest army rank in use. In Latvia and Lithuania, the  of defence is a lieutenant general. In the Irish Defence Forces and Israeli forces, the Chief of Staff holds this rank.

## References
Germain Gagnon

**Joseph Adrien Germain Gagnon** (December 9, 1942 – October 26, 2014) was a Canadian professional ice hockey player. He played 259 games in the National Hockey League. He played for the Montreal Canadiens, Chicago Black Hawks, Kansas City Scouts, and New York Islanders. Gagnon was born in Chicoutimi, Quebec, Canada.

Gagnon died after a long illness in Chicoutimi, Quebec, Canada, aged 71.

## References
Gustau Biosca

**Gustavo Biosca Pagés** (29 February 1928 – 1 November 2014) was a Spanish football player and manager. Biosca played as a defender for España Industrial, Barcelona and Condal. He was born in L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Catalonia, Spain.

He made his international debut for Spain in 1951, earning a total of 11 caps,

Biosca died on 1 November 2014, at the age of 86 in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.

## References
Jean-Pierre Roy

**Jean-Pierre Roy** (June 26, 1920 – November 1, 2014) was a Canadian baseball player in Major League Baseball. He pitched in three games during the 1946 season for the Brooklyn Dodgers. He was born in Montreal, Quebec.

Roy died on November 1, 2014 at his home in Tampa, Florida, United States. He was 94.

## References
Rachel Makinson

**Kathleen Rachel Makinson** (née White) (15 February 1917- October 2014) was an Australian research scientist. She held a number of prominent positions within CSIRO. She began work in the Division of Textile Physics in 1953, and was a senior principal research scientist from 1971-1977.

She was the first woman to become a chief research scientist at CSIRO (1977-1982). From 1979-1982 she was the assistant chief of the division, also the first woman to hold such a position.

In 1981, she was elected a Fellow of the Australian Academy of Technological Sciences and Engineering; in 1982 she was made a Member of the Order of Australia (AM).

Makinson died in Sydney, Australia from natural causes, aged 97.

## References
Ontario Highway 26

**Ontario Highway 26**, also called '''King's Highway 26''', is a provincial highway in Ontario, Canada. It goes along the southern shoreline of Georgian Bay. It starts in Owen Sound with the intersection of Highway 6, Highway 10, and Highway 21. It then goes eastward and ends in Barrie at the intersection with Highway 400.

Highway 26 is 113.7 kilometers (70.6 miles) long. It is part of a major transportation link, along with Highway 400, between the Greater Toronto Area and Georgian Bay.

## Sources
Jiang Zemin

**Jiang Zemin** (; 17 August 1926 – 30 November 2022) was a Chinese politician. He was General Secretary of the Communist Party of China from 1989 to 2002, Chairman of the Central Military Commission from 1989 to 2004 and President of the People's Republic of China from 1993 to 2003.

## References
## Other websites
Ontario Highway 10

**Ontario Highway 10**, also called '''King's Highway 10''', is a provincial highway in Ontario, Canada. It is 136.6 kilometers (84.9 miles) long. The highway starts at the northern end of Highway 410 near Caledon. It then goes northwestward through the town of Orangeville, where it connects with the western end of Highway 9. It also passes through Shelburne, where it shares a road with Highway 89 briefly. The northern end of Highway 10 is in Owen Sound, where it ends with Highway 6, Highway 21, and Highway 26.

## Sources
Ontario Highway 400

**Ontario Highway 400**, also called '''King's Highway 400''', is a provincial highway in Ontario, Canada. It runs mostly north and south and is 226 kilometers (140 miles) long. It goes between Toronto and Carling.

## References
Wayne Static

**Wayne Static** (**Wayne Richard Wells**; November 4, 1965 &ndash; November 1, 2014) was an American musician, and the former lead vocalist, guitarist, keyboardist, and music sequencer for the metal band Static-X. 

He released his first solo studio album, Pighammer, on October 4, 2011. He married porn star Tera Wray in 2008. Static died on November 1, 2014 from a drug overdose in Landers, California. He was 48 years old.

## References
Ghostface (Scream)

**Ghostface** is a fictional serial killer and the main villain of the *Scream* movie franchise. He is wearing a white mask with a shocked/surprised expression. He also wears a black robe. He was created by Wes Craven.

He has a rough voice. He is voiced by Roger L. Jackson. Different people play Ghostface throughout the movie because they pretend to be the original killer. He kills people in the Hollywood-area. He uses a large hunting knife as a weapon.

His appearance is inspired by the painting The Scream.
Aaron Brooks (basketball)

**Aaron Jamal Brooks** (born January 14, 1985 in Seattle, Washington) is an American professional basketball player. He currently plays for the Indiana Pacers of the NBA. He was selected 26th overall in the 2007 NBA Draft. He won the NBA Most Improved Player Award for the 2009–10 season. He also played for the Houston Rockets, Denver Nuggets, Phoenix Suns, and Sacramento Kings.

## References
## Other websites
*ESPN.com Profile
*Oregon bio 
*NBADraft.net Profile
*ClutchFans.net Profile
Klaus Iohannis

**Klaus Werner Iohannis** () (born 13 June 1959) is a Romanian politician who was the President of Romania from 2014 until 2025. Before this, he was the mayor of his native hometown, Sibiu (), the county seat of Sibiu County. He was re-elected in 2004, 2008 and 2012. In February of 2013, he joined the National Liberal Party (PNL) at the invitation of former PNL leader Crin Antonescu. He was immediately made  vice-president of that party. On 28 June 2014 he was made president of PNL (after Crin Antonescu quit). Iohannis is the first Romanian president belonging to an ethnic minority, as he is a Transylvanian Saxon.

Many polls and political commentators have ranked Iohannis as the worst president of Romania since the 1989 Romanian revolution.

Iohannis is a Transylvanian Saxon by ethnicity. This is the eldest German minority group in Romania. Saxons settled in Transylvania (then part of the  Kingdom of Hungary) in the 12th century.

On 12 March 2024, Iohannis announced his candidacy for the post of Secretary-General of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). He was expected to run against Dutch prime minister Mark Rutte. Iohannis withdrew his candidacy on 20 June 2024.

On 10 February 2025, Iohannis announced his resignation as President of Romania.

## References
Jimmy Ruffin

**Jimmy Lee Ruffin** (May 7, 1936 &ndash; November 17, 2014) was an American soul musician. He was the older brother of David Ruffin from The Temptations. Ruffin has had many records between the 1960s and 1980s. His most successful single is "What Becomes of the Brokenhearted".

## Life and career
He was born on May 7, 1936 in Collinsville, Mississippi. His brother was born 2 years later. He first started singing with the gospel group, mostly on sessions but he also recorded singles for Miracle label. Ruffin was then drafted for national service. After he left the Army in 1964, Ruffin returned to Motown and was offered the opportunity to join the Temptations to replace Elbridge Bryant. They instead hired Ruffin's brother David after hearing him. Jimmy decided to continue his solo career and recorded for the Soul label, but he didn't have much success. Ruffin died on November 17, 2014 in Las Vegas, aged 78.

## References
Abdus Salim Khan

**Abdus Salim Khan**, also known as **Khan Sahib** (28 December 1907 – 12/13 July 1957) was an early Pakistani diplomat. He served as Pakistan's ambassador in Ceylon (now called Sri Lanka) and Japan. He also served as Consul-General in the United States, posted at New York and later as Pakistan's Deputy High Commissioner (a type of special ambassador) to the United Kingdom. Khan died sudddenly in July 1957, while on duty in London, United Kingdom.

He was the son of Khan-sahib Abdul Majid Khan Tarin, OBE, and husband of Begum Mahmooda Salim Khan.

## References
Charles de Beauvau, Prince of Beauvau

**Charles Juste François Victurnien, de  Beauvau, Prince of Craon** (1793&ndash;1864) was a French military man and senator under Napoleon III. He was a member of the House of Beauvau. He was known as the **Prince of Beauvau**. Because of his father's rank of Prince of the Holy Roman Empire, he succeeded to those titles on his fathers death in 1849. He married twice. He had four children including the next Prince of Beauvau. Politically he was a member of the Bonaparte party which sought to restore the Bonaparte family to the French throne. Though legally the "Prince of Craon", he was known by his other title "Prince of Beauvau".

Charles was born on 7 March 1793 at Sunninghill in Berkshire. His parents, Marc Étienne de Beauvau, Prince of Beauvau and Nathalie de Rochechouart, were in exile in England from the French revolution. 

The family returned to France. In 1810, Charles entered the French Army during the Napoleonic Wars. He became an officer of carabiniers two years later, during the campaign against Russia. He was nominated senator. He was elected Councillor-General of the Meurthe in 1854.

## Marriages and children
On 9 June 1815, Charles married Lucie Virginie de Choiseul (1794-1834). They had the following children: 
# *Marc* René Antoine Victurnien (1816-1883), next Prince of Beauvau
# *Étienne* Guy Charles Victurnien (1818-1865)

On 2 April 1839, Charles married Eugénie *Ludmille* Alexandrine Joséphine Komar (1820-1881). They had the following children:

# Marie Delphine *Élisabeth* Stéphanie (1842-1898), married Count Gaston Alexandre de Ludre 
# *Béatrix* Jeanne Marie Joséphine (1844-1895), married Count Horace de Choiseul-Praslin
Samsung Galaxy

**Samsung Galaxy** is a series of mobile devices made by Samsung. Most of them are smartphones and tablet computers that run Android, an operating system made by Google. New models come out every year.

The first Samsung Galaxy phone came out in June 2009. There are many different models of phones. Each of them is different, such as in the size of their screens or what features it has, but the best of them is the Galaxy S series. The most recent Galaxy S phones are the Samsung Galaxy S25, S25+ which were all released in February 2025. Of the other Galaxy phones, the now-discontinued Galaxy Note series has a bigger screen and a stylus pen. The most recent of these, the Galaxy Note 20 and Note 20 Ultra,, S11 Ultra and A11+ which all announced in September 2025. Like the phones, there are different models of Galaxy tablets, which can have screen sizes from 8 inches all the way up to 16 inches. Some models have keyboards that plug into the device to make it easier to type, while others have a stylus, like the Galaxy Note phones. Although most of the Galaxy tablets use Android, some of the newer ones, such as the Galaxy TabPro S, use Windows 10 instead.

Samsung also makes smartwatches under the Galaxy brand. The first of these was the Galaxy Gear, which came out in September 2013. The company has since made some new models, including the Galaxy Gear Live in June 2014, but later ones are branded as Samsung Galaxy Watch and Samsung Galaxy Active. The most recent is the Galaxy Watch 6.

Besides their own products, Samsung also made the Nexus S and Galaxy Nexus phones, and the Nexus 10 tablet. These are all part of Google's own Nexus series of phones. Unlike Samsung's own phones, they have no extra mobile apps added or changes made to the user interface.

## References
Supply depot

A **Supply depot** is a type of military installation used to store military . They are usually near the front lines so they can provide supplies to their military units. Supply depots store and  the  and supplies a military needs to . These are often kept in buildings called warehouses. Modern supply depots do not typically store ammunition. Because of the dangers of storing live ammunition and explosives they are kept separate in an ammunition dump. Supply depots are usually run by a logistics officer. He or she is responsible for getting supplies to units who need them when they need them. Supply depots are often the s of enemy raids. By destroying an enemy's supplies, it hurts their ability to fight.

## References
Kerrin Petty

**Kerrin Petty-Nilsson**, born 6 January 1970 in Townsend, Vermont, USA, is a US-Swedish cross-country skier. She represented the USA during the 1994 Olympic Winter Games in Lillehammer and in Nagano in 1998. She won the 1998 women's main competition of Vasaloppet. She also won the unofficial women's competitions in 1994 and 1996.

In 1996, she won the Swedish women's 30 kilometers national championship.

Petty-Nilsson now works as an environment and health-protection inspector of Forshaga Municipality.

## References 
## Other websites
*FIS