open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
With the Beatles

***With the Beatles*** is The Beatles' second UK album. It was recorded four months after the band's first album, *Please Please Me* and was released on 22 November, 1963. The album sold so well in England, it qualified to enter the hit singles charts.

Most of the songs were used again in the first American Beatles album issued by Capitol Records, *Meet The Beatles!* Other songs appeared on ''The Beatles' Second Album''. In 2003, the album was ranked number 420 on Rolling Stone magazine's list of the 500 greatest albums of all time.

## Album songs 
## References
Samuel Taylor Coleridge

**Samuel Taylor Coleridge** (21 October 1772 – 25 July 1834) was an English poet. Together with his friend William Wordsworth, Coleridge is often said to have started the Romantic movement in English literature. He was also a literary critic, philosopher and theologian. 

Coleridge was born in Ottery St Mary, Devon. He was the son of a minister, and the youngest of ten children. He attended the University of Cambridge, Jesus College, though he never earned his degree. He met Wordsworth, another young poet, in 1795. They became close friends, and in 1798 they published their poems in a book called *Lyrical Ballads*, which many critics consider a key event in English Romanticism. Most of the poems in the book were written by Wordsworth, though it also contained Coleridge's *The Rime of the Ancient Mariner*, which many people call his masterpiece and one of the great poems in English. (In it, Coleridge used old-fashioned spellings, like "rime" for "rhyme," to give the poem an antique feeling.)

In 1796, Coleridge wrote his poem *Kubla Khan* — along with the *Ancient Mariner*, it is his best-known work. At about the same time, in the later 1790s, Coleridge became addicted to opium. At that time the drug was legal, and was widely used as a painkiller. Coleridge's addiction to opium marked the rest of his life. His health suffered, and he had trouble supporting his wife and children. He also had a hard time finishing the writing projects he started.

Coleridge had a reputation as a great talker, and people often invited him to their dinner parties to hear him speak. He was a successful lecturer at times in his later life. He gained a reputation as a thinker and philosopher as well as a poet. He died in Highgate, Middlesex.

Scholars and critics of English literature have regarded Coleridge as a major figure. In his 1927 book *The Road to Xanadu*, John Livingston Lowes used Coleridge's poetry, especially *Kubla Khan*, to study the working of the human imagination. Critics have argued about the role that opium addiction played in the poet's life and work. In his 1971 book *Coleridge, the Damaged Archangel*, Norman Furman showed that Coleridge was guilty of plagiarism in many of his later works. His opium addiction may have left Coleridge unable to tell when he was repeating the work of other writers that he had read.
Beatles for Sale

***Beatles for Sale*** is The Beatles' fourth album.  It was released in late 1964. Many of its songs went into an American release, ''Beatles '65*, from Capitol Records, while the rest went into *Beatles VI'', a compilation album.

John Lennon and Paul McCartney, who wrote most of the band's songs, had filled their earlier album, ''A Hard Day's Night*, with original songs. The band began recording their next album only a week after finishing *A Hard Day's Night'', and they had little time to  new music. The band filled the album with cover versions, of songs they had performed live in Hamburg, Germany and the Cavern in Liverpool, their , before the Beatles were famous. Press agent Derek Taylor explained in the album's liner notes that all the recordings on *Beatles for Sale* were how the band played the music onstage.

The original songs on the album were praised, for showing Lennon and McCartney had grown and improved as writers. "I'm A Loser" was compared to Bob Dylan's work. "I'll Follow The Sun" was an early song, that was given a rewrite. "What You're Doing" imitated the musical style of The Byrds, who were just becoming popular.

Several live versions of the album's songs have since appeared, that the Beatles played in Germany, and for BBC Radio.

## Album songs
#"No Reply" +
#"I'm a Loser" +
#"Baby's in Black" +
#"Rock and Roll Music" (Chuck Berry) +
#"I'll Follow the Sun" +
#"Mr. Moonlight" (Roy Lee Johnson) +
#"Kansas City" (Jerry Leiber and Mike Stoller)/"Hey, Hey, Hey, Hey" (Richard Penniman) ++
#"Eight Days a Week" ++
#"Words of Love" (Buddy Holly) ++
#"Honey Don't" (Carl Perkins) +
#"Every Little Thing" ++
#"I Don't Want to Spoil the Party" ++
#"What You're Doing" ++
#"Everybody's Trying to Be My Baby" (Carl Perkins) +

*All songs by Lennon/McCartney, unless credited differently*

+ *Also appeared on *'Beatles '65'* in the United States*
++ *Also appeared on **Beatles VI** *
Aubenas

**Aubenas** is a city and commune in the southern part of the Ardèche *département*.  The Ardèche River flows through the commune.

## Twin towns
Aubenas is twinned with:
*  Cesenatico, Italy
*  Delfzijl, Netherlands
*  Schwarzenbeck, Germany
*  Sierre, Switzerland
*  Zelzate, Belgium
*  Palamos, Spain (friendship agreement)

## Related pages
*Communes of the Ardèche department

## Other websites
* Town council website 
* Tourism office website
Hyperinflation

In economics, **hyperinflation** is inflation that is "out of control," when prices increase very fast as money loses its value. 

One example of hyperinflation is in Germany in the 1920s. In 1922, the largest bank note was 50,000 Reichsmark, In 1923 the largest bank note was 100,000,000,000,000 Mark. In December of 1923 the exchange rate was 4,200,000,000,000 Marks to 1 US dollar. These bank notes were so worthless that people would burn them in fires to keep them warm. The notes would burn longer than the amount of wood you could buy with them. Sometimes the rate of inflation was so high that prices *doubled* every two days. The Rentenmark was introduced to stop this problem. The exchange rate was set at 4.2 Rentenmarks to 1 US Dollar.

In Zimbabwe, the inflation rate was 231,150,888.87% in July 2008.

## References
Brian May

**Sir Brian Harold May**  (born 19 July 1947) is an English musician, songwriter, producer and astrophysicist, best known as the lead guitarist of the rock band Queen. He uses a guitar he built himself with the help of his father. The guitar they built is called the "Red Special". 

Apart from music, May earned his PhD in astrophysics in 2007 and is currently the Chancellor of *Liverpool John Moores University*. Together with Patrick Moore and Chris Lintott, he wrote a book called *Bang! The Complete History of the Universe*.

May was ranked 39th in Rolling Stone Magazine's list of the "100 Greatest Guitarists of All Time."

## Early life 
Brian Harold May, the only child of Harold and Ruth May, was born on 19 July 1947 at Gloucester House Nursing Home in Hampton, Middlesex and attended Hampton Grammar School (now Hampton School). During this time he formed his first band with vocalist and bassist Tim Staffell named Nineteen Eighty-Four after George Orwell's novel of the same name. He graduated from Hampton Grammar School with ten GCE Ordinary Levels and four Advanced Levels in Physics, Mathematics, Applied Mathematics and Additional Mathematics.

May's father Harold worked as a draughtsman at the Ministry of Aviation and had been a long-time cigarette-smoker. As a result, May dislikes smoking, even to the point where he has prohibited smoking indoors at his more recent concerts.

## Marriage and children 
From 1974 to 1988, May was married to Chrissie Mullen, who is the mother of his three children: Jimmy, who was born on 15 June 1978; Louisa, who was born on 22 May 1981 and Emily Ruth, who was born on 17 February 1987. Chrissie and Brian separated in 1988.

## Personal life and other musical collaborations 
He has stated in interviews that he suffered from depression in the late 1980s, even to the point of contemplating suicide, for reasons having to do with his troubled first marriage and his perceived failure as a husband and a dad, his father Harold's death, and Freddie Mercury's illness. May is married to former Eastenders actress Anita Dobson, whom he met in 1986, and who gained fame in the 1980s for providing vocals to the theme tune to the aforementioned soap, entitled "Anyone Can Fall in Love". May himself produced the song, which reached #4 in the UK Singles Chart in August 1986.

In May 2020, May had stents put in after suffering a small heart attack. In 2024, May revealed that he had a small stroke which left him unable to play the guitar. He was eventually able to regain movement and play again.

## References
Roger Taylor (Queen drummer)

**Roger Meddows Taylor**  (born 26 July 1949) is an English musician, singer and songwriter. He is best known as the drummer of the rock band Queen.
John Deacon

**John Richard Deacon** (born 19 August 1951) is a retired English musician. He is best known as the bass guitarist of the rock band Queen.

He lives in Putney in Southwest London with his wife Veronica Tetzlaff. They were married on 18 January 1975. He is the father of six children.

## References
Le Béage

**Le Béage** is a town and commune of the Ardèche *département*, in the southern part of France.

## Related pages
*Communes of the Ardèche department
Bourg-Saint-Andéol

**Bourg-Saint-Andéol** is a small commune of the Ardèche *département* in the Rhône Valley in the southern part of France.  It is the capital of a canton in the arrondissement of Privas, with a population of about 8,000 as of the year 1999.

## Twin cities
*Monschau in Germany (Eifel) since 1975
*Albertirsa in Hungary since 1998
*Gaggiano in Italy since 2002

## Related pages
*Communes of the Ardèche department
Kohistan District

**Kohistan District** can be any of the following:

* Kohistan District, Afghanistan
* Kohistan District, Pakistan
Queen (album)

***Queen*** is the debut studio album by Queen and was released on 13 July 1973 by EMI Records in the United Kingdom and by Elektra Records in the United States. It went to number 32 in the United Kingdom, number 52 in Japan and number 83 in the United States.

## Track listing 
### Original release 
All lead vocals by Freddie Mercury unless noted.

### 2011 Universal Music reissue 
### iTunes deluxe edition (2011) 
## References
Queen II

***Queen II*** is the second studio album by Queen and was released on 8 March 1974 by EMI Records in the United Kingdom and by Elektra Records in the United States. It went to number 5 in the United Kingdom, number 19 in Norway, number 26 in Japan, number 40 in Canada and number 49 in the United States. It did poorly in the chart in Australia where it made #79.

## Track listing 
### Original release 
All lead vocals by Freddie Mercury unless noted.

### Universal Music reissue (2011) 
### iTunes deluxe edition (2011) 
## References
Sheer Heart Attack

***Sheer Heart Attack*** is the third studio album by Queen and was released on 8 November 1974 by EMI Records in the United Kingdom and by Elektra Records in the United States. It went to number 2 in the United Kingdom, number 6 in Canada and France, number 7 in Finland and the Netherlands, number 9 in Norway, number 12 in the United States, number 19 in Australia and number 23 in Japan.

## Track listing 
### Original release 
All lead vocals by Freddie Mercury unless noted.

### Universal Music reissue (2011) 
### iTunes deluxe edition 
## References
Remlingen, Lower Saxony

**Remlingen** is a former municipality of the district Wolfenbüttel. Since 1 November 2016, it is part of the municipality Remlingen-Semmenstedt. Remlingen is close to Wittmar what is an old village from miners in the Asse. The inhabitants' of Remlingen
are 1953 in three villages. The mayor is named Klaus-Günter Warnecke.

## Other websites
* Samtgemeinde Asse
Rubber Soul

***Rubber Soul*** is the sixth studio album by the English rock band the Beatles. It was released on 3 December 1965 in the United Kingdom, on EMI's Parlophone label. The double A-side single "Day Tripper" / "We Can Work It Out" was released at the same time. The first North American version of the album from Capitol Records had ten of the fourteen songs from the British Parlophone version. *Rubber Soul* was very popular with critics. It was at the top of sales charts in Britain and the United States for many weeks. The album proves the Beatles were starting to use LSD and marijuana.

The album was recorded in London over four weeks in October&ndash;November 1965. Most call it a folk rock album, especially in its Capitol (North American) version. *Rubber Soul* has a mix of pop, soul and folk musical styles.

The songs show the Beatles' improving as songwriters. They also used brighter guitar tones and new instrumentation such as sitar, harmonium and fuzz bass.

## Track listing
### Everywhere except North America
### North America
## Sources
*

## References
Abbey Road

***Abbey Road*** is the eleventh studio album (though counted as the twelfth official album) recorded by The Beatles. It was released in September 1969. Side one consisted of hits, while side two consisted of short songs to make up a story.

## Album songs
;Notes
*"Her Majesty" is a hidden track. Between "The End" and "Her Majesty" is 14 seconds of silence. Later releases of the album included the song on the track listing.
*One cassette tape version in the US had "Come Together" and "Here Comes the Sun" swapped so that Harrison's song starts the album. All other versions (including the CD) have restored the track listing to its original order.
*Tracks 9 through 13 are sometimes noted as one song (medley) called "The Abbey Road Medley".
*Tracks 14 through 16 are sometimes noted as one song called "The Golden Slumbers Medley".

*All songs written by Lennon/McCartney unless credited differently.*
Peyrepertuse Castle

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**Peyrepertuse Castle** is a castle in France. It is one of the Cathar castles. It was built before the 11th century. It is in Aude, in Occitanie. It is built in a strategic position, on a cliff, about 30-40m high. The castle is first mentioned in the year 806, but the site seems to have been occupied since Roman times. At that time, it belonged to a Catalan count. It later changed hands, first to the Count of Barcelona, then to that of Narbonne.

When the Treaty of Corbeil is signed in 1258, the border between France and Spain is right to the south of the castle. In the year 1240, after the Albigensian Crusade against the Cathars, the castle becomes French. It is extended, and there is a garrison placed there; it protects against invasions until the 16th century when Roussillon becomes a French territory.

Today, the ruins of the castle attract about 100.000 visitors a year. There is a vineyard nearby.

## Images 

Image:Peyrepertuse (66).jpg|The lower part of Peyrepertuse castle
Image:ChateauPeyrepertuse.JPG|Peyrepertuse castle, with walls as it looks today
Image:Château de Peyrepertuse - Donjon Vieux (ouest).jpg|Old dungeon of the castle, seen from the west
Image:Château de Peyrepertuse - Église Sainte Marie 1.jpg|The remains of the chapel

## Other websites 
*Official website of the castle (French)
*Peyrepertuse on cathares.org (French)
*Images of climbers (French)
*Article with photos on Peyrepertuse (French)
Jacó, Costa Rica

**Jaco Beach Costa Rica** is on the west central coast of Costa Rica's Puntarenas province, on the Pacific Ocean side of the country.  What started as a small surfing village popular with Costa Ricans from all over the Pacific coast, has developed into the most popular and visited tourism destination in the whole country. As the closest and most developed beach town from Costa Rica's Juan Santa Maria International Airport in San Jose, Jaco is only a 1 hour and 10 minute ride from the airport.

Jaco is home to the largest selection of hotels, vacation rental condos and private vacation rental homes than any other beach town in Costa Rica, as well as 3 casinos, over 75 restaurants, 3 major grocery stores, surf shops, pharmacies, souvenir and artesan shops, bakeries, dentists, emergency care, and an 18-hole championship golf course. The region is also home to Costa Rica's  best zip line canopy tours, ATV tours, white water rafting, surfing and the best Costa Rica fishing charters at the Los Suenos Resort & Marina, in Herradura Beach directly next to Jaco Beach.

To the immediate south of Jaco is the surf town of Playa Hermosa (Hermosa Beach). 1 hour and 15 minutes to the south of Jaco Beach is the Manuel Antonio National Park and Wildlife preserve offering visitors a first hand glimpse of Costa Rica's famed wildlife species such as white face monkeys, howler monkeys, sloths, pizotes, iguanas, butterflies, frogs, insects, and exotic jungle plants native to Costa Rica.

## Other websites
*Jaco Party Planner and Adventure Tours
*Family Vacation Packages at Costa Rica
*Jaco information
*Costa Rica Fishing Experts
Château d'Usson

The '''Château d'Usson'* is one of the Cathar castles in southwestern France.  It is in the *commune* of Rouze, in the Ariège *département''.
Sertab Erener

**Sertab Erener** (born December 4, 1964) is a Turkish pop music singer. She is one of the most successful female Turkish pop singers in Turkey. Erener is said to be one of the divas of Turkish pop music. 

She released her first album which produced by Sezen Aksu, *Sakin Ol* (Calm Down) in August 1992. Her debut song "Sakin Ol" became greatly popular. Next album *Lal* (Ruby) released in October 1994. Lal was important for her career, because songs in the album such as "Rüya" (Dream), "Sevdam Ağlıyor" (My Love is Crying), "Mecbursun" (You Have to), "Gel Barışalım Artık" (Let's Make Peace) and "Lal" became hit quickly. 

In May 1997, Sertab released her third album, *Sertab Gibi* (Like Sertab). She stopped working with Sezen Aksu and she worked with Demir Demirkan in this album. Although album's sales were very low, album is the favorite album of fans. "Aşkolan Aşktır" (Love Matters), "Seyrüsefer" (Navigation) and "İncelikler Yüzünden" (Because of the Niceties) were the important songs from the album. Sertab Erener released self-titled fourth album in March 1999. Albums hit were "Yanarım" (I Burn), "Zor Kadın" (Hard Woman) and Vur Yüreğim (Hit, My Heart). Vur Yüreğim's video clip was including real scenes from shocking and afflictive events such as martyr funerals, atomic bomb and natural disasters.

In Europe, she is best known for winning the Eurovision Song Contest 2003 with her hit song *Every Way That I Can*.

Sertab's victory at Eurovision became a real breakthrough in the musical world of Europe. On the wave of success, when the song "Everyway That I Can" occupied the leading lines of the European charts, Sertab Erener recorded the English-language album "No Boundaries", released in 2004.

## References
Cathar castles

**Cathar castles** (French: *Châteaux cathares*) is a term used by the French tourist industry. It is used for castles in Languedoc-Roussillon that were usually built by the enemies of the Cathars during the Albigensian Crusade. 

## True Cathar castles
The Cathars built fortified homesteads, not castles. The legend of Cathar architects and builders is no more than a myth. The Cathars did not build castles and so the only ones that can claim the description "Cathar" are small castles, which are often totally unknown to the public. Their unspectacular ruins are often far away from tourist routes.

## Royal citadels
Because Raimond II was unable to recapture Carcassonne in 1240, the city walls were strengthened by the French king, who also destroyed small *castra* in the Corbières region and built citadels to protect the border with the Kingdom of Aragon.

The five castles are often called the *cinq fils de Carcassonne* (five sons of Carcassonne):
* Château d'Aguilar
* Peyrepertuse Castle
* Puilaurens Castle
* Quéribus Castle
* Château de Termes

Those fortresses resisted various assaults, led by the Aragonese Army.

## Abandonment of the citadels
In 1659, Kings Louis XIV of France and the Philip IV of Spain signed the Treaty of the Pyrenees. The French king also married the Infanta Marie Therese. The treaty changed the border by giving Rousillon to France and moving the border southward to the crest of the Pyrenees, where it reamains. The fortresses, therefore, lost their importance.

Some maintained a garrison for a while, a few until the French Revolution, but they slowly fell into decay and often becoming sherpherds' shelters or bandits' hideouts.

## Other "Cathar castles"
* Château d’Arques
* Château de Durfort
* Châteaux de Lastours
* Château de Montségur
* Château de Padern
* Château de Pieusse
* Château de Puivert
* Rennes-le-Château
* Château de Roquefixade
* Château de Saissac
* Château d'Usson

## Sources and further reading
Irazu Volcano

**Irazu Volcano National Park** has one of the most active volcanos of Costa Rica. It is in the central mountain range at 31&nbsp;km to northwest of the city of Cartago, 3,435 meters above sea level. It last erupted in 1963 and 1965. 

Irazu Volcano National Park offers many types of craters, some having small lakes. The park also includes 2,309 hectares of rain forest. From the highest point in the park, on a clear day, you can see both, the Pacific Ocean and the Caribbean Sea at the same time.

The Crater Principal lake has an unusual greenish yellow coloring caused by rainfall dissolving the minerals along the craters walls. It has also been known to change colour to rust-red depending on the minerals present. The inactive, dry Diego de la Haya crater sits just up to the right of the Crater Principal and is filled with volcanic ash.

The park is the site of a reforestation project to restore the area which was destroyed by the eruptions. The forest is made up of conifers and other exotic and native species. There is a native forest consisting mainly of oaks and alder, protecting the watershed of the Reventado River.

The vegetation of the park has been changed by the constant eruptions, but it is very beautiful and diverse.  

## Other websites 
*Irazu Volcano National Park
Bryan Ruiz Gonzalez

**Bryan Jafet Ruiz González** (; born 18 August 1985) is a Costa Rican former professional footballer. A left-footed attacking midfielder, he also played as a second striker.

## Life 
At the age of twelve, Gonzalez started playing for Liga Deportiva Alajuelense minor leagues. He quickly became known as a skilled player.  In 2003, at the age of 18, he began playing first division football.  He would eventually become a professional soccer player with the same team.

## Career 
During his first tournament, Gonzalez played well.  He soon became an important member of his team.  He played in many important games, like “El Clásico” (The Classic), when Alajuela plays their biggest enemy, Saprissa. In his second year Gonzalez's team won the CONCACAF Champion's Cup.

Though Gonzalez had only been a professional soccer player for a short time, he was asked to represent his country by playing on the Costa Rica National Team.  He played well and was celebrated by the public.

Suddenly, in 2006, Gonzalez was invited to play for a soccer team in Belgium. The team, K.A.A. Gent, wanted to sign him to a four-year deal. Gonzalez accepted.  He became a popular player in Belgium by becoming the best scorer on his team.  He also got a hat-trick.

His success gained Gonzalez a lot of attention and popularity.  He was asked again to play with the Costa Rican national team. He returned to Costa Rica and played well for the national team. Afterward, he hoped to get signed by a good European team.

In 2009, Gonzalez played with FC Twente Enschede in Holland, where is team won the Cup.  In 2010, he began playing for the UEFA Champions League Cup.

## Career statistics
### Club
### International
:''Scores and results list Costa Rica's goal tally first, score column indicates score after each Ruiz goal''.
*CONCACAF League: 2020

**Twente**
*Eredivisie: 2009–10
*KNVB Cup: 2010–11
*Johan Cruyff Shield: 2010, 2011

**Sporting CP**
*Taça da Liga: 2017–18
*Supertaça Cândido de Oliveira: 2015

**Costa Rica**
*Copa Centroamericana: 2014

**Individual**
*CONCACAF Men's Player of the Year: 2016
*CONCACAF Goal of the Year: 2014
*CONCACAF Best XI: 2015, 2016, 2017
*Jean-Claude Bouvy Trophy: 2008, 2009
*Player of the season at FC Twente: 2010
*BBC Goal of the Month: October 2011
*IFFHS CONCACAF team of the decade 2011–2020
*IFFHS CONCACAF Men's Team of All Time: 2021

## References
Book of Leviticus

**Leviticus** (lih-vih-tih-kus) is the third book of both the Bible, and the Torah. In Hebrew it is known as Vayikra' (וַיִּקְרָא), meaning 'And He called.' It was written by the Old Testament Patriarch Moses. Leviticus was written to the Hebrew people of Israel. The book has several main topics, some of which are the Jewish laws of sacrificing to God, and the work of the priests. These priests are sometimes known as Levites (what this book is named after). 

## When was it written 
It was likely developed over a long period of time, reaching its present form during the Persian empire (Yehud Madinata) between 538-332 BCE. Tradition says this book was written around 1300 B.C. by Moses.

## Summary 
God gives more instructions to Moses. God asks Moses to repeat what He said to Moses' people, the Israelites. 

Continuing from Exodus the Israelites are escaping Egypt. They reach the Biblical Mount Sinai. In Exodus, Moses learned from God how to build the holy tabernacle (a tent for praying and worshiping). In Leviticus God teaches Moses and the Levites how to make sacrifices and how to behave in a good way.

The first few chapters show God's laws for offering sacrifices for various reasons, such as for the forgiveness of sins.

Then Moses makes Aaron a priest of God. Details about how the priests are to make sacrifices to God are given.  This is sometimes called the "ceremonial law".  Two sons of Aaron were destroyed for doing the work of the priest in the wrong way. 

Then God teaches the people how to eat right and be clean. Examples of food that are forbidden are pork and shrimp. Meat is also not to be eaten with milk at the same time. Beyond that, eaten meat is to be taken from animals that were slaughtered in a specific way. The meat must not contain blood either, as this is seen as representing life in the face of the animal having died. Regarding staying clean, laws are given about menstruation (the monthly period), sexual relations, skin disease, and how dead bodies are to be disposed of. 

The rest of the book describes how priests, the Levites, should be ordained, should dress, carry out rituals, and act (for example on the Day of Atonement, and other important Holy Days).

## References 
## Related pages 
*Liberty Bell

## Other websites 
* Leviticus (KJV)
* Leviticus (NIV)
Home education

**Home education** or **homeschooling** is a form of education where the parent or guardian is the teacher. The reason for this form of education is usually that the guardian is not happy with the nearby schools, or sometimes for religious or moral purposes. Many people also want to protect children from bullying and violence. In recent years, it became popular in many countries.
*Holt, John 1963. *How children learn*. 2nd ed 1983.

## Alternatives and dangers 
Some private schools try to achieve similar objectives by other means. Some private schools attempt to make a school more flexible and responsive to the needs of individual children.

Dangers of home education include the possibility of it being used for religious and political propaganda, and the vulnerability of children to unsupervised adults.  Education may be uneven, leaving children with a patchy grasp of many subjects.  The children would also get to know fewer other children than they would ordinarily. Also, it is obvious that some parents are better placed to organise home education than others.

In theory, visits by the inspectors of schools might be able to identify problems. However, at least in the United Kingdom, schools are not inspected every year. If we cannot inspect all schools annually, how can we expect to monitor individual families?

## Related pages
*Deschooling
*Unschooling
*Fushūgaku

## References 
## Other websites
*National Home Education Research Institute
Shinjuku Station

is a railway station in Shinjuku and Shibuya wards in Tokyo, Japan. According to the Guinness Book of Records, it is the busiest train station in the world.

## Adjacent stations
## Other websites
* JR East Shinjuku Station
** 
* Keio Shinjuku Station
** 
* Odakyu Shinjuku Station
* Tokyo Metro Shinkuku Station
* Toei Shinjuku Station

## References
Book of Joshua

The **Book of Joshua** is the sixth book of the Christian Bible, and also the sixth book of the Hebrew Tanakh. It is not clear who wrote the book, although most of the Jewish tradition believe it was Joshua, son of Nun. It is the first of the books of the Tanakh (Old Testament) covering the history of Israel from the arrival in Canaan or the Promised Land to the Babylonian captivity.

It is not known when the Book was written, but it cannot have been written before roughly 1200 BC, as the events described in the book occur then. Some scholars believe it was written much later, perhaps in 550 BC, at the time of the Babylonian exile, when there was a desire to remember and retell their own history.

## Summary 
After the death of Moses, God put Joshua in charge of the people. Joshua sent two spies to spy on the city of Jericho. A woman prostitute called Rahab hid these two men and told the enemies they had already left. She hid them on top of her roof, underneath stalks of flax. The spies later promised that they would keep the oath that Joshua made with them.

Jericho fell when the people of Israel, instructed by God, circled around the wall of Jericho seven times and blew their ram's horns, and on the seventh time, they all shouted with a great shout, causing the wall to fall.

Joshua told the spies to go to Rahab's house and bring out her family and belongings. The spies did as they were told, as they kept the oath. Joshua saved Rahab's life, and she went to live in Israel.

Later, God told Joshua to invade the city of Ai. After they did this, the people of Gibeon tricked Joshua into a treaty.

However, three days later, the people of Israel realized that they really made a treaty with Gibeon's neighbors, the Hivites. The Hivities became cursed, but the people of Gibeon promised that they would do whatever the Israelites say.

After making peace with the Hivites, they went to lay siege to Gibeon. The Gibeonites sent a message to Joshua saying he needs to save the people of Gibeon. So, God killed many of the Amorites by making large hailstones. Then Joshua made the sun stay over Gibeon, and the moon over Ajalon. Joshua later got very old and died.

## Quotes
No one will be able to stand against you all the days of your life. As I was with Moses, so too I will be with you; I will not fail you nor forsake you. (1:5)

Decide today whom you will serve, the gods your ancestors worshipped in Mesopotamia or the gods of the Amorites in whose land you are now living. As for my family and me, we will serve the LORD. (24:15)

## Other websites 
* Book of Joshua (KJV)
* Book of Joshua (NIV)
Label

A **label** can have several meanings:

*A category or classification - a term used to identify something or someone
*A brand or a trademark
*A strip or narrow piece of something, especially one used to identify something
*promotional tab used in  philately
*A molding over a door or window
Puerto Viejo de Talamanca

**Puerto Viejo de Talamanca** is a coastal town in Talamanca in Limón Province. It is in southeastern Costa Rica and is known simply as Puerto Viejo to the people who live there. Puerto Viejo de Talamanca is a tourist destination. The beaches Playa Chiquita, Playa Negra, and Punta Uva are close to Puerto Viejo.

Many tourists stop in Puerto Viejo when going to Panama at Sixaola. This border crossing is popular with people going to and from Bocas del Toro.

## References
Oldenzaal

**Oldenzaal** is a municipality and city in the province of Overijssel, the Netherlands. About 32,000 people were living there in 2021. It lies in Twente region.

Oldenzaal got city rights in 1249.

## People 
* Gert Timmerman (1935-2017), a singer and musician ("Gert and Hermien")

## References 
* Plaatsengids.nl
Epistle to the Galatians

The **Epistle to the Galatians** (or **Galatians**) is the forty-eighth book in the Bible (and ninth in the New Testament), written by the Apostle Paul. The book was written to the people of Galatia, a part of modern day Turkey, with whom Paul had earlier preached and founded the congregation in their area.

It is not known for sure, but most believe that the book was written around 57 A.D. One of the curious verses in the letter is where Paul says "See with what large letters I am writing this in my own hand". (Chapter 6, verse 11).  This is understood to mean that normally Paul used a secretary to write down as he spoke his letters.  However he wanted the Galatians to be sure it was he himself that was the author of the letter they would receive so he wrote a few lines himself. Some believe he had poor eyesight and so had to write with "large letters".

## Content
Paul's letter is to settle an important question of that day.  It is if the gentile Christians must first join the Jewish religion and keep the Law of Moses. Paul says that the gentile Galatians do not need to keep the old Laws such as the need for  circumcision, which is the removal of some skin around the male sex organ, done by Jews and Muslims as an act of religious obedience to God. Paul says that this is no longer important since Jesus has come. Paul says it is not good that the community has turned from the gospel (Chapter 1, verses 6–10) He says there is only one gospel and one way of being saved through faith in Christ and that adding to that makes it another gospel. He talks about his early life as a Jew, (Chapter 1, verses 13–14), how he met Christ, often called the conversion of Paul, (Chapter 1, verses 15–16), and his early work (Chapter 1 verses 17–24). He tells about meeting with the other Christian leaders in Jerusalem as reported in Acts chapter 15, verses 2:1–10. He says that they agreed with him that the gentiles did not need to be become practicing Jews first. In Chapter 2 he tells about a meeting with Peter where he told Peter that he was not acting properly towards the gentile Christians by not eating with them. Then he says that Jews, like Gentiles, are not made right with God by keeping the old Law but by trusting in what Jesus did for them when He died on the cross. Later in the book he tells that the Law was given to show us how sinful we are so that we would see the need for forgiveness.  He says that when we love others we have fulfilled the true meaning of the Law. He writes that when we have faith, God sends the Holy Spirit who helps us live a good life and keep from bad things. He gives a list of those bad and good actions.  (Chapter 5)

## Importance
The  Epistle to the Galatians has been very important in the history of Christianity, the development of Christian theology, and the study of the apostle Paul.

The book contains some of the most known Bible teachings, such as that all have need of salvation (Galatians 3:28-29), and the Fruits of the Spirit (Galatians 5:22-23).

## References 
## Other websites 
*Galatians (KJV)
*Galatians (NIV)
Champagne, Ardèche

**Champagne** is a town and commune of the Ardèche *département*, in the southern part of France.

## Related pages
*Communes of the Ardèche department
Champis, Ardèche

**Champis** is a commune in the Ardèche *département* in southeast France.

## Related pages
*Communes of the Ardèche department
San Pedro de Macorís

The Dominican city of **San Pedro de Macorís** is the head municipality of the San Pedro de Macorís province, on the southeast of the country.

It has the nickname of *Macorís del mar* ("Macorís by the sea") to differentiate it from San Francisco de Macorís, in the Duarte Province.

## History
There were two very small towns on the left side of the mouth of the river Macorís (or Higuamo): *Mosquito* (because there were too many mosquitos) and *Sol* (English: "Sun", because there were not trees). Even today, San Pedro de Macorís is called sometimes *Mosquitisol* after those two old and small towns.

Since 1852, there was a military post in this place: the Military Post of Macorís, part of the Hato Mayor del Rey municipality in the El Seibo Province.

In 1856, the priest Pedro Carrasco built a Catholic church with the name *San Pedro Apóstol*; the church was between the two towns of Mosquito and Sol. Both towns grew in direction of the church, forming one town called **San Pedro de Macorís**.

When the country was again a Spanish colony, San Pedro de Macorís was made a "Comandancia de Armas" (an Spanish military category). When the country was free again, in 1865, every town with the category of "Comandancia de Armas" became a municipality.

The municipality of San Pedro de Macorís is surrounded by the other municipalities of the province: Ramón Santana to the east, Quisqueya to the west and Consuelo to the north. To the south is the Caribbean Sea.

### Climate
San Pedro de Macorís has a tropical wet and dry/savanna climate (Köppen-Geiger classification: **Aw**) with a pronounced dry season in winter.

The average amount of rainfall for the year in the city is . The month with the most precipitation on average is October with  of rainfall, followed by September with .

The driest season is winter. The month with the least rainfall on average is February with an average of  and the second is January with .

San Pedro de Macorís is in a hot region; the average temperature for the year is . The warmest month, on average, is August with an average temperature of . The coolest month on average is January, with an average temperature of .

## Economy
The economy of San Pedro de Macorís grew around the sugar production; there were several sugar factories and most of that sugar was sent to other countries through its port and then it became one of the most important port of the country. Rum is also produced in the city; rum is made with alcohol from the sugar cane.

There are also some important industries, mainly to produce cement and textiles to send to other countries.

## References
Bolas

**Bolas** (from Spanish *bola*, "ball", also known as *boleadoras*) are a throwing weapon made of weights on the ends of interconnected cords, designed to capture animals by  their legs. They are used by the gauchos in South America today, but have been found in excavations of pre-Hispanic settlements, especially in Patagonia, where indigenous peoples used them to catch guanaco and ñandu.
## Use 
Gauchos use boleadoras to capture running cattle or game. The thrower gives the balls momentum by swinging them and then releases the boledoras. The weapon is usually used to entangle the animal's legs, but when thrown with enough force might even break the bone.

## Design 
There is no uniform design; most bolas have two or three balls, but there are versions of up to 8 or 9 balls. Some bolas have balls of equal weight, others vary the knot and cord. Gauchos use bolas made of leather cords with wooden balls or small leather sacks full of stones at the ends of the cords.

Bolas can be named depending on the amount of weights used:
* Perdida (1 weight)
* Avestrucera or ñanducera (2 weights)
* Boleadora (3 weights)
* Ka-Lum-Ik-Toun (Inuit name for bolas with 10 or more weights)

## Other websites 
* Inuit Bolas 
* Boleadoras
Cord

**Cord** may refer to:

* Cable, in electronics, such as power cord or extension cord
* Twine, string or rope
* Cord (band),  a British rock group
* *Cord* (movie), a 2000 movie starring Daryl Hannah and Jennifer Tilly
* Cord (sewing), a trimming made of multiple strands of yarn twisted together
* cord (unit of volume), used to measure firewood
* Cord Automobile, a former American car marque founded by Errett Lobban Cord
* Mycelial cord, a structure, used by fungi to transfer nutrients over larger distances
* spinal cord
* Umbilical cord, a tube that connects a developing embryo or fetus to its placenta
* Vibrating string

## Related pages
* Chord
Tarzan

**Tarzan** is a main fictional character. He appeared in many books by Edgar Rice Burroughs. Burroughs first wrote about Tarzan in 1914. The book was called *Tarzan of the Apes*. Tarzan's father was an English lord who died in the African jungle. The baby Tarzan was left alone in the jungle. Giant apes found the baby Tarzan and took care of him. Tarzan has also appeared in other media including movies, movie serials, comic books, and television programs.
Surfer Rosa

***Surfer Rosa*** is the first music album by the Pixies.  It was released by a record label called 4AD in March 1988.

## Other websites
**Surfer Rosa* at Last.fm
**Surfer Rosa* at Google Music
OK Go

**OK Go** is a rock band from Chicago. The band members are Damian Kulash (lead vocals and guitar), Tim Nordwind (bass guitar and backing vocals), Dan Konopka (drums and percussion) and Andy Ross (keyboards, guitar and backing vocals). Their best known song is "Here It Goes Again".
Paramilitary

in Houston]]

**Paramilitary** describes forces which are organized as military forces, but are not part of the Armed Forces. Examples of such forces are police forces of a country. There are paramilitary groups that are official (run by a country), and others that are not.

The name comes from Greek *para* (which means *beside*) and Latin *miles* (which means *soldier*).

## Military compared to paramilitary
Though a paramilitary is not a military force, it is usually equivalent to a military's light infantry force in terms of intensity, firepower, and organizational structure. Paramilitary forces and organizations use "military" equipment, skills, tactics etc that are compatable with the civilian sector (IE: Urban environments etc). During peacetime, Paramilitary professions are usually found in areas such as high profile non-military sites such as laboratories, nuclear power plants, industrial explosive factories, seaports, airports, borders and government sites such as embassies, palaces, political summits etc tasked with roles of VIP protection, anti-terrorism etc. A paramilitary may also commonly fall under the command of a military, even despite not being part of the military or play an assisting role for the military in times of war.

Paramilitary forces can also include private military company missions.

### Quasi-military compared to Paramilitary
Although similar, a **quasi-military** organization has more near-identical to military aspects (*i.e.*, militia, political party, guerrilla, rebel, drug cartel, organized crime, *etc.*) whereas a paramilitary is its own (*i.e.,* security company, intelligence service, coast guard, border guard, *etc.*).

## Examples of Paramilitary Organizations
### Law Enforcement 
* Police departments of many countries are organized in a manner similar to military forces.
* SWAT teams of some American police departments: trained to handle high-risk situations that regular police officers are not as qualified to handle such as hostage rescue, counter-terrorism missions, and arresting particularly dangerous criminals.

### Government Agencies
* Special Activities Center of the Central Intelligence Agency: a unit of the CIA whose missions often require a great deal of secrecy and carefulness. Most members of this unit are recruited from special forces units from all over the United States military. Their main mission is to collect intelligence on countries hostile to the United States; most CIA operatives killed in the line of duty have been members of the Special Activities Division.

### Political
* The SS and SA of Nazi Germany: the SS was the successor to the SA, but for the most part, both groups handled the same responsibilities. They were originally bodyguards to Adolf Hitler, but as the war heated up, they were assigned to oversee concentration camps as guards and administrators. While not an official part of Germany's military, the SS had an armed branch that was trained as a regular military unit.

## References
Howard Hughes

**Howard Robard Hughes, Jr.** (December 24, 1905 – April 5, 1976), was an American businessman and movie producer. During his life, he was one of the richest people in the world. He was born in Humble, Texas to a rich family. He went to Hollywood and became a movie producer and aviator. Hughes broke several world records for flying aeroplanes. He created his own air company, which was later bought by TWA.

## Biography 
Many people now think Hughes may have had OCD or obsessive compulsive disorder. This is because later in life, he kept himself away from the outside world. He lived in a hotel suite at The Desert Inn in Las Vegas as a . He never left his room. He also did not cut his hair or fingernails. He had a group of doctors and other people to help take care of him.

In 1972, a man named Clifford Irving claimed to have co-written the autobiography of Hughes. It was later shown to not be real. Hughes died in Houston while being moved to a hospital in Mexico. After he died, there was an argument over his will.

## Other websites 
*
Bogy

:*For other meanings, see Bogey.*

**Bogy** is a commune of the Ardèche *département* in the southern part of France. Bogy can be found about 10&nbsp;km from Annonay, and 50&nbsp;km from Valence.

## Related pages
*Communes of the Ardèche department
Death zone

The **death zone** is the name used by mountain climbers for high altitude where there is not enough available oxygen for humans to breathe. Sometimes, the death zone is also given specific names as "Rainbow Valley" for the Everest death zone. This is usually above 8,000 metres (26,247 feet). Fourteen mountains have peaks that are in the death zone; Those mountains are in Asia, and they are part of the Himalaya and Karakoram.

"People are advised not to stay in the death zone for more than 16 to 20 hours", media said; Shorter stays can also be deadly.

Most of the 200+ climbers who have died on Mount Everest have died in the death zone. Among 96 total death in Mount K2, 56 have occurred in the death zone.

In 2006, climber Lincoln Hall, had been left for dead on Everest on May 25, 2006. He did survive the event. The lack of oxygen in his blood made it easier for him to get frostbite.  He also had headaches, nausea, vomiting and hallucinations.  He said later this was caused by cerebral edema. This is a swelling of the brain.  This is caused at high altitude when blood leaks into the brain. It  can kill a person if the brain becomes too compressed.  Hall was left for dead after his breathing and heartbeat stopped.  He was found the next morning. A team of four, led by American climber Daniel Mazur, found Hall was sitting cross-legged near a ten-thousand foot cliff's edge. He was not wearing his gloves or hat. He also did not have any oxygen equipment and his climbing suit was not zipped . Mazur later said that Hall seemed lucid. He said that Hall's first words were, "I imagine you're surprised to see me here." A very large rescue operation was created and Hall was rescued. He lived for seven years after the event.. He spoke and wrote books about his experiences on Everest,. Hall died in 2012 from mesothelioma.

## References