open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Benjamin F. Stewart

**Benjamin F. Stewart** (born 1851) was a Private in the United States Army. He received the Medal of Honor for his actions during the Indian Wars.

## Biography
Benjamin Stewart was born in 1851 in Norfolk, Virginia. He served as a Private in Company E, 7th U.S. Infantry during the American Indian Wars. He received the Medal of Honor December 2, 1876 for his actions at Little Big Horn River Montana on July 9, 1876.

## Medal of Honor
Rank and organization: Private, Company E, 7th U.S. Infantry. Place and date: At Big Horn River, Mont., 9 July 1876. Entered service at: ------. Birth: Norfolk, Va. Date of issue: 2 December 1876.

**Citation:**

Carried dispatches to Gen. Crook at imminent risk of his life.

## Related pages
*List of Medal of Honor recipients for the Indian Wars

## References
## Other websites
*
Amiga

The **Amiga** was a line of personal computers that Commodore International produced during the 1980s and early 1990s. The first Amiga computer, the Amiga 1000, possessed a HAM mode enabled the machine to display 4096 colors, a chip that enabled it to play back four channels of sound at once, an operating system with multitasking, and a graphical user interface at a time that these features were uncommon or not as developed as Amiga's. The Amiga is often said to have been ahead of its time. Although the Amiga did not sell well in America and Commodore went bankrupt, the Amiga developed a fandom and niche in Europe amongst video and graphics enthusiasts and gamers.

The Amiga was initially created by computer chip designer Jay Miner and Hi-Toro (later Amiga Corporation). In 1984, Commodore purchased Amiga Corporation. The first Amiga, the Amiga 1000, was released in 1985 after delays and marketing blunders. The second model, the Amiga 500, was released in 1987, and was the best selling of the Amiga computers. In 1994, Commodore declared bankruptcy. After the bankruptcy the Amiga was purchased by german company ESCOM.

## References
## Other websites
*Amiga, by Joe Cassara, at urbandictionary.com
*A history of the Amiga, by Jeremy Reimer, at arstechnica.com
Juliana Paes

**Juliana Couto Paes** (born March 26, 1979) is a Brazilian actress and former model.

Born in Rio Bonito, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, Paes is of Black, Portuguese, Bolivian, indigenous Brazilian and Spanish descent. She is the oldest child of Regina and Carlos Henrique Paes. She has three siblings: Mariana, Rosana, and Carlos Henrique Jr.

## Career 
### Television 
* 2012 - *Gabriela*....Gabriela
* 2011 - *O Astro* ....Nina 
* 2009 - *Caminho das Índias* ....Maya Meetha
* 2008 - *A Favorita* ....Maíra Carvalho
* 2007 - *Duas Caras* ....Herself
* 2006 - *Pé na Jaca* ....Gui (Guinevere Ataliba dos Santos)
* 2005 - *América* ....Creusa
* 2003 - *Celebridade* ....Jaqueline Joy
* 2001 - *O Clone* ....Karla
* 2000 - *Laços de Família* ....Ritinha

## References
## Other websites 
*
Todd Bridges

**Todd Bridges** (born 1965) is an American actor who was known for his role as Willis Jackson in the hit comedy show ''Diff'rent Strokes*. He is also known for his roles in *Everybody Hates Chris* and *truTV Presents: World's Dumbest...''. 

Bridges was born in 1965 in San Francisco, California. He was first married to Dori Bridges from 1998-2012 and they divorced. In 2022 he married Bettijo Hirschi. He has two children. His son Spencir Bridges (born 1998) is an actor and his daughter Bo J. Rushing (born 1996).

## References
## Other websites
*
*
The Best Exotic Marigold Hotel

***The Best Exotic Marigold Hotel*** is a 2011 British comedy-drama movie starring Judi Dench and Maggie Smith. It is based on the  novel *These Foolish Things*. John Madden is the director. This comedy-drama got very good reviews from critics. It was a box office hit. It made over $134 million worldwide.

## References 
## Other websites 
* 
* 
*
The Secret Meeting

***The Secret Meeting*** is an oil painting by Jean-Honoré Fragonard. It dates to 1771-1773.  Fragonard was hired to paint a series of four panels for the chateau at Louveciennes, the home of Madame du Barry, the last of Louis XV's mistresses. His theme was "The Progress of Love". It is the companion piece to *The Lover Crowned*. It hangs in the Frick Museum, New York.

Fragonard was drawn to the playful lives of his contemporary aristocratic youth, a notable aspect of Rococo decorative painting. In this painting, a young man has scaled the wall surround his sweetheart's family estate. The young woman, having agreed to the private rendezvous, looks around anxiously to be sure she hasn't been followed.

## References 
*
The Lover Crowned

***The Lover  Crowned*** is an oil painting by Jean-Honoré Fragonard. In 1771, Fragonard was hired to paint a series of panels for the chateau at Louveciennes, the home of Madame du Barry. His theme was "The Progress of Love". *The Lover  Crowned* is the companion piece to *The Secret Meeting*. The picture hangs in the Frick Collection, New York. 

## References 
*
Dana Plato

**Dana Michelle Plato** (November 7, 1964 &ndash; May 8, 1999) was an American actress who was known for her role as Kimberly Drummond in the hit comedy show ''Diff'rent Strokes*. After the show ended, her career went down and later posed for *Playboy'' and committed robbery. 

Plato was born **Dana Michelle Strain** on November 7, 1964 in Maywood, California. She was adopted by Dean and Florine Plato and she legally changed her name from Strain to Plato. She was raised in Los Angeles, California. Plato was married to Lanny Lambert from 1984 until they divorced in 1990. They had one son, Tyler Lambert. Plato committed suicide when she had an overdose from pills in her home in Moore, Oklahoma, aged 34.

## References
## Other websites
*
*
*Dana Plato at Find a Grave
John Vanbrugh

Sir **John Vanbrugh** (1664-1726) was an English writer, dramatist and architect.

His main literary works include *The Relapse* (1696), ''The Provok'd Wife* (1697), *The Country House* (1703), *The Confederacy* (1705) and *The Provok'd Husband'' (left incomplete and later completed by Colley Cibber in 1728).

As an architect, Vanbrugh designed some famous buildings like Castle Howard, Blenheim Palace and the original Haymarket Theatre.
Seto Inland Sea

**Seto Inland Sea** is a sea surrounded by the Japanese islands of Honshu, Kyushu and Shikoku.

## Related pages
*Inland sea
Geophone

A **geophone** is a device for measuring earthquakes. They function by converting movement into voltage to be recorded at a station.

## Related pages
*Seismometer
Asakura, Fukuoka

is a Japanese town in Fukuoka Prefecture on the island of Kyushu.

## History
Ancient artifacts and agricultural tools have been found at Asakura.  These finds date to the Yayoi period and the Kofun period (300 BC-538 AD).

In 660-661, the town of Asakura was briefly the capital of Japan when Empress Saimei moved her court to *Asakura no Tachibana no Hironiwa* Palace or *Asakure no Tachibana no Hironiwa-no-miya*.

In 2006, the town merged with the former city of Amagi and the town of Haki. A new city named Asakura was formed.

## References
## Other websites
* http://www.kokudo.or.jp/marge/c_prefecture.html
Ghost in the Machine

The "**Ghost in the Machine**" is a metaphor in philosophy. The philosopher Gilbert Ryle called mind the *Ghost in the **Machine*****, and the idea that it was separate from the brain was the mistaken "official doctrine"**.

## Overview
Ryle was referring to René Descartes' mind-body dualism. In dualist systems like Descartes', mental activity carries on in parallel to physical action, but the means of interaction are unknown or speculative. Ryle thought this was absurd, and as a kind of error which he called a "category mistake". It is like saying something like "cars move by motive spirit".

## References
William Troy

**William Troy** (1848&ndash;March 8, 1907) entered Service in the US Navy from Massachusetts as a United States Navy sailor. For bravery in action during the 1871 Korean Expedition he received the Medal of Honor on June 11, 1871. He was part of the party that rescued the mortally wounded Hugh McKee at Citadel Korea and was himself wounded and specifically commended by the Lieutenant.

Troy is buried in the Stockton State Hospital Cemetery in Stockton, California. A monument in his honor stands at the San Joaquin National Cemetery in Gustine, California. According to the San Joaquin National Cemetery's Website he is buried there, not at the state hospital in Stockton, in Section M-1, Grave 53.

## Medal of Honor citation
Rank and organization: Ordinary Seaman, U.S. Navy. Born: 1848, Boston, Mass. Accredited to: Massachusetts. G.O. No.: 169, February 8, 1872.

**Citation:**
On board the U.S.S. Colorado during the capture of the Korean forts, 11 June 1871. Fighting at the side of Lt. McKee, by whom he was especially commended, Troy was badly wounded by the enemy.

## Related pages
*List of Medal of Honor recipients

## References
Royal Rumble (2000)

**Royal Rumble (2000)** was a professional wrestling pay-per-view event made by the World Wrestling Federation (WWF). It took place on January 23, 2000, at Madison Square Garden in New York City, New York. It was the 13th Royal Rumble event held by the WWF.

The main event was the Royal Rumble match for a WWF Championship match at WrestleMania 2000, which The Rock won by last eliminating Big Show. Big Show was about to throw The Rock out, but then Rock reversed the move and threw the Big Show out to win. Big Show afterwards tired to prove that The Rock hit the ground first, however it could not be arranged again because WrestleMania 2000 was too close, so the Rock remained as the winner. After that, Big Show hit The Rock because of frustration.

## Results
### Royal Rumble entrances and eliminations
 – **Winner**

## References
Recruitment

**Recruitment** is the process of finding new people to do a job. For a company or organization, it is important to choose the right people from the beginning. This is because human resources are often a very important part of a business.

Recruitment has many different steps. First, the company needs to advertise that it has a job available. People then send an application. This usually includes a curriculum vitae, which is a summary of what a person has done until now in their life. The best applicants are selected and they come for an interview. This might also include some further tests or exercises to do. The person chosen is then given an offer of a job. Finally, they can choose to take it or not.

There are many ways of doing recruitment. Some companies go to consultants, who know where and how to find the best people. Universities and schools often have a group of people that tells the students about getting a job. At other times, a company might really want a person that is very good at a job but works for another company. They can then ask directly to this person, maybe offering more money. Facebook, Twitter and LinkedIn are also sometimes used by people looking for a job.

## References
Schist

outcropping in New York City's Central Park]]

The **schists** are a group of metamorphic rocks which have lamellar (plate-like) minerals, such as micas, chlorite, talc, hornblende, graphite, and others. Quartz often occurs in drawn-out grains so that a form called quartz schist is produced. By definition, schist contains more than 50% platy and elongated minerals, often finely interleaved with quartz and feldspar. Schist often contains garnets.

The individual mineral grains in schist, drawn out into flaky scales by heat and pressure, can be seen by the naked eye. Schist is characteristically *foliated*, (~leaf-like) meaning the mineral grains split off easily into flakes or slabs. The word *schist* is derived from the Greek word *σχίζειν schíxein* meaning "to split". This refers to the ease with which schists can be split along the plane in which the platy minerals lie.

Most schists have been derived from clays and muds which have passed through a series of metamorphic processes involving the production of shales, slates and phyllites as intermediate steps. Certain schists have been derived from fine-grained igneous rocks such as basalts and tuffs. Most schists are mica schists, but graphite and chlorite schists are also common. 

Schists are named after their mineral constituents, such as garnet schist, tourmaline schist, glaucophane schist, etc. 

Schists are frequently used as dimension stone. Dimension stone is stone that has been selected and cut to specific shapes or sizes.
James F. Merton

**James F. Merton** (born 1843) was a United States Navy sailor. He received the Medal of Honor for actions during the Korean Expedition in 1871. Landsman Merton was severely wounded during the seizure of the forts.

## Medal of Honor citation
Rank and organization: Landsman, U.S. Navy. Birth: England. G.O. No.: 180, October 10, 1872.

**Citation:**

Landsman and member of Company D during the capture of the Korean forts, 9 and 10 June 1871, Merton was severely wounded in the arm while trying to force his way into the fort.

## Related pages
*List of Medal of Honor recipients

## References
## Other websites
*
The House of Cards

***The House of Cards*** is an oil painting by Jean-Baptiste-Siméon-Chardin. It was painted about 1737. It measures 60&nbsp;cm x 72&nbsp;cm (23.62 in x 28.35 in.). It hangs in the National Gallery, London. Chardin painted scenes that found favor with all classes of Parisian society.

## References
*
Garum

in Spain]]

**Garum** was a fermented fish sauce used in ancient Greece, Rome, and Byzantium. It was made from the intestines of small fishes by bacterial fermentation.

## References
The See-Saw

***The See-Saw*** is an oil painting by Jean-Honoré Fragonard. It was painted in 1755. It measures 46 x 36 in. It hangs in the Fundación Colección Thyssen-Bornemisza, Madrid. It is the companion piece to ''Blind Man's Bluff''.  	

## References
Blind Man's Bluff

'''''Blind Man's Bluff'''* is an oil painting by Jean-Honoré Fragonard. It was painted in 1755-1756. It measures 46 x 36 in. It hangs in the Toledo Museum of Art. It is the companion piece to *The See-Saw''. 

## References 
*
The Bathers

***The Bathers*** is an oil painting by Jean-Honoré Fragonard. It may have been painted in around 1765. It hangs in the Louvre.  

## References 
*
A Visit to the Nursery

***A Visit to the Nursery*** is an oil painting by Jean-Honoré Fragonard. It was painted in 1775. It measures . It hangs in the National Gallery of Art in Washington, DC. Fragonard is usually remembered for his mildly erotic works. After his marriage in 1769, he painted family life. 

## References 
*
Mini CD

s.]]

A **Mini CD** is the second and latest type of CD that is of smaller size, usually 8&nbsp;cm, instead of 12&nbsp;cm at the first CD type. Mini CD can hold less data, about 210 Megabytes, or 24 minutes of music. There is also a version which can only hold 155 MB of data, or 18 minutes of music. Mini CD and CD can also come in different sizes, such as a hart shape, a bussines cards,... that can hold between 10 MB and 100 MB of data that are called shaped CD (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shaped_compact_disc).
Rate equation

The **rate equation** (or **rate law**) is an equation used to calculate the speed of a chemical reaction (or **rate of reaction**). For a general reaction , the rate equation is: 
:v\; =\; k[\mathrm{A}]^x[\mathrm{B}]^y
Here, [A] and [B] are the concentrations of A and B. *x* and *y* depend on which step is rate-determining. If the reaction mechanism is a very simple one, where A and B hit each other and then go to products through one transition state, then *x*=*a* and *y*=*b*. *k* is the rate constant of the reaction. This changes with temperature, pressure and other conditions. 

The rate equation is a differential equation. If it is integrated, then an equation which tells how the concentration of reagents and products changes with time is found.

In special cases, it is very easy to solve the equation and find *k*. For example, in a first-order reaction the equation is:
: v  = -\frac{d[A]}{dt} = k[A]

Integrating gives:

:\ \ln{[A]} = -kt + \ln{[A]_0}

So, a plot of  \ln{[A]} against time *t* gives a straight line with a slope of -k.

Sometimes, experiments can be made so that the reaction looks like a first-order one. If the concentration of one reagent is kept at the same high value then it can be thought of as a constant. The equation becomes  v=k[A][B]=k'[A] where k' is the pseudo-first order rate constant. Then the method above can be used to calculate k'. 

## Reference
Linda Lovelace

**Linda Lovelace** (January 10, 1949 She was born Linda Susan Boreman in the Bronx, New York City. 

She was married to Chuck Traynor (1937-2002) from 1971 until 1973; he frequently used violence against her. In 1974 she married Larry Marchiano. She had two children with him. They divorced in 1996. In 1980 *Ordeal* was published. It was a book Lovelace wrote about being a porn actress. She moved to Colorado in 1990. She died in Denver on April 22, 2002 of injuries sustained in a road accident on April 3, 2002. The biopic *Lovelace* is about her.

## References 
## Other websites 
*
2013 Football League Cup Final

The **2013 Football League Cup Final** is a football match between Bradford City and Swansea City, which will take place on 24 February 2013 at Wembley Stadium, London. It is the final match of the 2012–13 Football League Cup, the 53rd season of the Football League Cup, a football competition for the 92 teams in the Premier League and the Football League. The winner of the Football League Cup will enter the 2013–14 UEFA Europa League in the third qualifying round.

## References
Alkyne

An **alkyne** is a molecule that has a triple bond between two carbon atoms. They have general formula CnH2n-2. They are also called acetylenes. The smallest alkyne is acetylene, also called ethyne. Alkynes are hydrophobic: this means they dissolve well in organic solvents but not in water.

Alkynes are more reactive than usual hydrocarbons. For example, they are more reactive than alkenes in many reactions. If the alkyne is at the end of a molecule, it is easy to remove the proton with a strong base. Then, the alkyne can be used in addition reactions. For example, it can be added to a ketone. Alkynes are also easy to reduce to double bonds. They can be made into both *trans* and *cis* double bonds. Alkynes are also used a lot in pericyclic reactions.

## Physical structure 
Alkynes have a 180 degrees angle between the two carbon atoms. For this reason, they do not like to be in a cyclic compound. Some examples of alkynes are shown below.

## List of alkynes 
The following is a list of the first 15 alkynes:

# Ethyne C2H2
# Propyne C3H4
# Butyne C4H6
# Pentyne C5H8
# Hexyne C6H10
# Heptyne C7H12
# Octyne C8H14
# Nonyne C9H16
# Decyne C10H18
# Undecyne C11H20
# Dodecyne C12H22
# Tridecyne C13H24
# Tetradecyne C14H26
# Pentadecyne C15H28
# Hexadecyne C16H30

## References
Carboxylic acid

A **carboxylic acid** is any molecule that has a COOH group. This group contains a carbonyl (C=O double bond) together with an hydroxyl group (OH) on the same carbon atom. Because it is easy to remove the proton with even a weak base, these compounds are called acids. An example of a carboxylic acid is acetic acid, which is also known as vinegar.

Carboxylic acids are found a lot in food. Many types of fat molecules are actually carboxylic acids. For example, chocolate and coconuts have these acids. They are also used a lot in soaps and detergents.

The smaller carboxylic acids dissolve in water. The bigger ones dissolve only in organic solvents.

## List
This section lists the first few carboxylic acids.
2052: A Global Forecast for the Next Forty Years

***2052: A Global Forecast for the Next Forty Years*** is a description of trends in global development by Jørgen Randers. It is a follow-up of *The Limits to Growth* which in 1972 was the first known worldwide report to the Club of Rome.

There are three differences from the previous report. First, it does not describe a disaster scenario, but shows only trends. Secondly, it is to be read in the light of experience since 1972, namely, that all of humanity has responded to the report, but with a delay  of 20  to 40 years. Thirdly, it offers not only future scenarios, it makes concrete proposals on how the individual should respond to emerging developments.

## Global forecast
Randers's reflections are based on two central questions: "What will happen to the consumer over the next 40 years?" and "Under what conditions - in which social and natural environment - this future consumption will take place?" He uses computer models to make sure feedback effects are not overlooked.

;Forecast on population and consumption
The population will decline from about 2040. The working population will peak around 2030. Productivity will grow, but there will be obstacles. The gross domestic product will grow, but more slowly. Investments - forced and voluntary - will increase. There will be new costs. Costs for adaptation to the new climate and for fixing disasters will explode. The state will become more involved. Consumption will stagnate and go down in some places.

;Forecast on energy and CO2
The energy efficiency will continue to grow. Energy demand is expected to rise, but not for ever. CO2 emissions from energy consumption will be greatest in 2030. The temperature will rise by more than two degrees, and that will cause serious problems.

;Forecast on nutrition and ecological footprint
The race for natural resources will be hard, the biocapacity of the world will be used more and more. The cities will become richer sources of raw materials for metal than the mineral deposits in nature (urban mining). In the same way that zoos have already become the last refuge for many endangered species, parks will take over this role for nature in general.

;The non-physical future
Randers argues the global gross domestic product will not increase as it has in the past because of population decline, and general aging and declining productivity growth.

The Internet will give rise to a completely new understanding of private and public. Knowledge will not be a scarce resource any more, but that will not lead to more rational decisions in most  cases, because knowledge on its own is not sufficient to change behavior when strong interests are involved.  Therefore, probably there will be  needed a "green team" to enforce environmental behavior, like today, the  peacekeeping forces (blue berets).

## References
## Other websites
*2052 - A Global Forecast for the Next Forty Years
Max Dugan Returns

***Max Dugan Returns*** is a 1983 American comedy-drama movie. It stars Jason Robards as Max Dugan, Marsha Mason as his daughter Nora, Donald Sutherland, Kiefer Sutherland, and Matthew Broderick as grandson Michael. This was the first movie appearance for both Broderick and Kiefer Sutherland. This was the last Neil Simon movie directed by Herbert Ross. It was also the last Simon movie starring Mason (Simon's wife at the time).

## Plot
Max Dugan (Robards), the long-lost father of Nora McPhee (Mason), visits her. She is having several problems. He brings some promises and the news that he is going to die soon. He also meets and makes friends with his grandson Michael (Broderick). Donald Sutherland plays the police officer who helps Nora after her car is stolen and becomes her boyfriend in the process.

Former professional baseball player Charley Lau appears as himself. His character is hired by Dugan to coach Michael to hit better for his little league team.
Epoxide

In organic chemistry, an **epoxide** is a molecule that has a ring-shaped structure with three atoms: two carbon and one oxygen. These atoms make the corners of a triangle, with chemical bonds as its sides. The epoxide ring's shape gives the molecule ring strain, making it very reactive.

Epoxides can be made by oxidation of alkenes. There are many ways to do this. Usually, a peroxide is used. Some ways can even make only one enantiomer of the epoxide.

## Chemistry 
The oxygen atom pulls electrons away from the carbon-carbon bond, making that bond an electrophile that can react with many different nucleophiles.

Normally, epoxides react like an SN2 reaction. The nucleophile's lone pair bonds to one of the carbon atoms, which breaks its bond with the oxygen atom. The oxygen atom then has a negative charge, which attracts a hydrogen ion or other electrophile to make the compound.

The reaction changes in a strong acid: the acid will give hydrogen to the oxygen atom first, breaking a bond to a carbon atom and making a carbocation intermediate that will attract and react with a nucleophile from the solution. Using an acid as a catalyst allows epoxides to react with even weak nucleophiles like water.

The end product of a reaction depends on the nucleophile. Once you have made an epoxide, you can make alcohols, ethers, and halohydrins, among other things.

## Sources
George Washington Cable House

The **George Washington Cable House** is a cottage at 1313 8th Street in the Garden District of New Orleans, Louisiana. It was the home of George Washington Cable (1844–1925), an American novelist who wrote of Creole life, during the period in which he rose to national prominence.

## References
Gallier House

**Gallier House**, also known as **James Gallier, Jr., House** was the home of American architect James Gallier, Jr. in New Orleans, Louisiana. Gallier designed the house himself. It is located on Royal Street in the French Quarter section of the city.

It was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1974.

Gallier House now houses a museum, with the interior restored and furnished in the style of the 1850s.

## References
## Other websites
* Gallier House.
Grandchamp, Yonne

**Grandchamp** is a former commune. It is found in the Yonne department in the center of France. On 1 January 2016, it was merged into the new commune of Charny-Orée-de-Puisaye.

## References
*INSEE
Gy-l'Évêque

**Gy-l&#39;Évêque** is a commune. It is found in the Yonne department in the center of France.

## References
*INSEE
10th Ward of New Orleans

The **10th Ward** is a division of the city of New Orleans, Louisiana. It is one of the 17 Wards of New Orleans.

The 10th Ward is one of the city's Uptown wards, formerly the old Faubourg Lafayette annexed by New Orleans in 1850s.

## Boundaries 
The roughly wedge-shaped Ward stretches back from the Mississippi River. The lower boundary is Felicity Street, across which is the 1st Ward, then Martin Luther King Boulevard (formerly Melpomene Street), across which is the 2nd Ward. The upper boundary is First Street, across which lies the 11th Ward. 

## Cityscape and landmarks 
Near the river the Ward includes part of the Lower Garden District and the former location of America's first experiment with large-scale public housing, started here in 1937, when, as part of the New Deal, President Roosevelt signed the loan to commence construction of the St. Thomas Housing Project. In Central City it includes the Oretha Castle Haley commercial district. 

The 10th Ward has been home to such notables as jazz musicians Buddy Bolden and George Brunies.

## References
Madame du Barry

**Jeanne Bécu, Countess of Barry** (19 August 1743 – 8 December 1793) was the last mistress of King Louis XV of France. She was one of the victims of the Reign of Terror.

## Early life 
Jeanne Bécu was born in Lorraine, France. Her mother was Anne Bécu, who was a seamstress. Jeanne Bécu was an illegitimate child, and her father is not known. Some people say her father was Jean Jacques Gomard, a friar known as *frère Ange*.

Jeanne Bécu was educated at a convent called Couvent de Saint-Aure. When she was 15 years old, she left the convent. She and her mother moved to Paris, where Jeanne sold small items on the streets. Jeanne was a very beautiful, blonde-haired woman, and was later found by Jean-Baptiste du Barry, who owned a casino and trained women to be courtesans. Jean-Baptiste du Barry made Jeanne his mistress.

## Official mistress of Louis XV 
As time passed, Jeanne became well-known with powerful people in the Kingdom of France. She had many clients in the king's court. The king soon noticed her and had her brought to his bedroom many times. After the wedding, Jeanne was made Louis XV's official mistress. She lived in a small room above the king's room. Jeanne was very lonely since some people still considered her a commoner.

## Death 
Jeanne died at the age of 50 due to execution made by supporters of the French Revolution, a time where the common people were against people of the royalty. She is buried at the Madeleine Cemetery.

## Gallery 

File:Madame du Barry by François-Hubert Drouais c 1770 oil on canvas.jpg|Oil on canvas, by François-Hubert Drouais.
File:Contesse du Barry biscuit de Sèvres Lambinet.jpg|Bust of Madame du Barry.

## References
Jussy, Yonne

**Jussy** is a commune. It is found in the Yonne department in the center of France. The people who live in Jussy are called *Jussiens*.

## References
*INSEE
Division of Parramatta

The **Division of Parramatta** is an Australian Electoral Division in New South Wales. The division was created in 1900 for the first federal election in 1901. It is named for the  of Parramatta. The name *Parramatta* is an Aboriginal word for "the place where the eels lie down". 

The division is in the western suburbs of Sydney.  It includes Constitution Hill, Dundas Valley, Granville, Harris Park, Holroyd, Mays Hill, North Parramatta, Oatlands, Old Toongabbie, Parramatta, Rosehill, Rydalmere, Telopea, Wentworthville, Westmead and parts of Dundas, Ermington, Guildford, Merrylands, Merrylands West, Northmead, North Rocks, Pendle Hill, South Granville and South Wentworthville.

The division lies between Labor voting areas of western Sydney and the  Liberal areas on the North Shore.  Because of this, any change to the boundary can change the political balance in the seat.  For example, in the 2006 boundary change, Parramatta shifted from marginally Labor to marginally Liberal (as defined by the Australian Electoral Commission). Nevertheless, as was expected  Julie Owens held the seat for the ALP with an increased majority.

## Members
From 1901 to 1921 the Division was represented by Sir Joseph Cook who was the Prime Minister of Australia from 1913–14. There have been several by-elections for Parramatta when the members have resigned. In 1921 Cook resigned to became Australian High Commissioner to the United Kingdom, in 1958 Beale resigned to become Australian Ambassador to the United States, in 1964 Barwick resigned to become Chief Justice of the High Court, Bowen resigned in 1973 to become a judge in the NSW Court of Appeal.

## Election results
|-
| bgcolor="#118080" | &nbsp;
| style="text-align:left;"| Independent OLC
| style="text-align:left;"| Steve Christou
| style="text-align:right;"| 2,982
| style="text-align:right;"| 3.54
| style="text-align:right;"| +3.54
|-

## References
*Division of Parramatta – Australian Electoral Commission

## Other websites
* Julie Owens' website
Humboldt University of Berlin

The **Humboldt University of Berlin** () is Berlin's first public university. It was ed by Wilhelm von Humboldt. Von Humboldt organized Germany's system of education which is still used today. 

## History 
At the time of its founding in 1810, there was pressure to make the new university both practical and industrial. Von Humboldt wanted it to be a center for the pursuit of truth in learning. In the end, he won out. The University was set up under his principles.  The university offered the traditional faculties of law, medicine, theology, and philosophy. After the war the university was greatly weakened. It reopened in  January 1946.  

In 1949 the university was given its present name, Humboldt University of Berlin (), to honor the brothers Alexander and Wilhelm von Humboldt.

## The university today 
The university got its start reflecting the principles of the great educational reformer Wilhelm von Humboldt. It pioneered many new academic disciplines. In spite of its problems in the 20th century, the university has returned to its founding principles. There are 260 degree courses offered. The university has an  staff of about 2,170 and 35,000 students. it is currently ranked 80th among the world's universities. It has been informally called "Berlin University" throughout its history. Also, informally, the "University of Linden" () after its location.
 
## References 
## Other websites 
* Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Home page (in German)
Quenne

**Quenne** is a French *commune*, or small town. It is in the Yonne department, in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region, in the center of France.

## References
*INSEE
Saint-Loup-d'Ordon

**Saint-Loup-d&#39;Ordon** is a commune. It is found in the Yonne department in the center of France.

## References
*INSEE
Neuilly, Yonne

**Neuilly** is a former commune. It is found in the Yonne department in the center of France. On 1 January 2016, it was merged into the new commune of Valravillon.

## References
*INSEE
Estadio Nacional de Costa Rica (2011)

The **National Stadium of Costa Rica** () is a multi-purpose stadium. It is mostly used for football matches. The stadium is in San José, Costa Rica. It is the largest stadium in Costa Rica and one of the largest in Central America. It holds about 35,000 people. It is the home ground of the Costa Rica national football team.
The stadium was opened in 2011. It was built in the same place where the old national stadium (built in 1924) was located.

The stadium is the only venue of the 2013 Copa Centroamericana.
Villeneuve-l'Archevêque

**Villeneuve-l&#39;Archevêque** is a commune. It is found in the Yonne department in the center of France.

## References
*INSEE
Jack Lew

**Jacob Joseph** "**Jack**" **Lew** (born August 29, 1955) is an American politician, lawyer and diplomat who was the U.S. Ambassador to Israel from 2023 until 2025. He was the 76th Secretary of the Treasury from 2013 to 2017. He was also the 25th White House Chief of Staff from 2012 to 2013. Lew previously was Director of the Office of Management and Budget in the Clinton and Obama Administrations. He is a member of the Democratic party.

## United States Secretary of Treasury Nomination
On January 10, 2013, Lew was nominated to become United States Secretary of the Treasury during Obama's second term replacing Timothy Geithner, who retired. He was confirmed for being the next secretary of the treasury by the United States Senate on February 27, 2013.

## Ambassadorship
On September 5, 2023, President Joe Biden announced his intent to nominate Lew to serve as United States ambassador to Israel. On October 31, 2023, Lew was confirmed as Ambassador to Israel by a vote of 53 to 43 along party lines, with only Republican Senators Rand Paul and Lindsey Graham voting to approve his nomination.

## References
## Other websites
*Chief of Staff Jack Lew  at The White House
*
Vassy-sous-Pisy

**Vassy-sous-Pisy** (before 2010: *Vassy*) is a commune. It is found in the Yonne department in the center of France.

## References
*INSEE
Lists of communes of France

The following lists give the communes of France within each department:

## Metropolitan France 
## French overseas departments and territories 
Overseas departments (''département d'outre-mer* or *DOM*):

Overseas collectivities (*collectivité d'outre-mer* or *COM''):

## Other websites
* List of communes in France (2008 version)
Vermenton

**Vermenton** is a commune. It is in the Yonne department in the center of France.  On 1 January 2016, the former commune of Sacy was merged into Vermenton.

## References
*INSEE
Hérisson

**Hérisson** is a French commune. It is in the Allier department in the center of France.

## Population
## Gallery

Église_Notre-Dame_d'Hérisson_-_Allier_003.JPG|Church of Notre-Dame
01._Hérisson_(Allier).JPG|Chapelle du Calvaire
Hérisson (Allier) Eglise de Chateloy (2).jpg|Église de Châteloy

Hérisson (Allier) Eglise de Chateloy (3).jpg|Église de Châteloy: Interior
Hérisson  (Allier) Eglise de Chateloy (5).jpg|Église de Châteloy: Fresco
Hérisson - Allier 011.JPG|Old church of église Saint-Sauveur
Hérisson - Allier 002.JPG|Porte de Varenne

## References
*INSEE
Lavault-Sainte-Anne

**Lavault-Sainte-Anne** is a commune. It is in the Allier department in the center of France.

## References
*INSEE
Loddes

**Loddes** () is a commune in the Allier department in Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes.

## Population 
## Related pages 
* Communes of the Allier department

## References
Louroux-Hodement

**Louroux-Hodement** is a former commune in the Allier department in central France. On 1 January 2016, it was merged into the new commune Haut-Bocage.

## References
*INSEE
Monteignet-sur-l'Andelot

**Monteignet-sur-l&#39;Andelot** is a commune. It is found in the Allier department in the center of France.

## References
*INSEE
Meaulne

**Meaulne** is a former commune. It is found in the Allier department in the center of France. On 1 January 2017, it was merged into the new commune Meaulne-Vitray.

## References
*INSEE
Saint-Éloy-d'Allier

**Saint-Éloy-d&#39;Allier** is a commune. It is in the Allier department in the center of France.

## References
*INSEE
Saint-Gérand-de-Vaux

**Saint-Gérand-de-Vaux** is a commune. It is found in the Allier department in the center of France.

## History 
Known as Sancti Giranni de Vallius in 1280, Sainct Juliain de Vaux in 1409, parish of Sancto Juliano in Vallibus in 1240, the commune bore, during the revolutionary period of the National Convention (1792-1795), the name of *Mont-Libre.*

## References
*INSEE
Bodily integrity

**Bodily integrity** is the idea that a person's body belongs only to that person, and only he or she should decide what happens to it. Violations of bodily integrity may include rape or murder. It is also sometimes used in debates about euthanasia or circumcision.

It is one of the principles of liberalism. It may also be called other names such as *self-ownership*, *individual autonomy* or *self-determination*.

The Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities also requires protection of physical and mental integrity.
## References
Goof Troop

***Goof Troop*** is an animated Disney television series. The series was originally shown from September 5, 1992 to May 1993. It had a total of 79 episodes. They started planning on the movies in early 1995 and early 2000, They wanted to release these movies April 7, 1995 as *A Goofy Movie* and February 29, 2000 as *An Extremely Goofy Movie*.

## Episodes
# Everything's Coming Up Goofy
# Good Neighbor Goof
# Axed by Addition
# Unreal Estate
# You Camp Take It with You
# Midnight Movie Madness
# Counterfeit Goof
# O, R-V, I N-V U
# Meanwhile, Back at the Ramp
# Close Encounters of the Weird Mime
# Slightly Dinghy
# Cabana Fever
# Where There's Smoke, There's Goof
# Date with Destiny
# Hot Air
# Take Me Out of the Ball Game
# Wrecks, Lies & Videotape
# Max-imum Protection
# Goofin' Hood and His Melancholy Men
# Leader of the Pack
# Inspector Goofy
# Shake, Rattle & Goof
# Terminal Pete
# Fool's Gold
# Cat's Entertainment
# Waste Makes Haste
# The Ungoofables
# All the Goof That's Fit to Print
# To Heir is Human
# Hallow-Weenies
# Tub Be or Not Tub Be
# Major Goof
# A Goof of the People
# Goof Under My Roof
# Goodbye Mr. Goofy
# Lethal Goofin'
# Frankengoof
# E=MC Goof
# Pete's Day at the Races
# In Goof We Trust
# And Baby Makes Three
# The Incredible Bulk
# Mrs. Spoonerville
# For Pete's Sake
# Big City Blues
# Rally Round the Goof
# Window Pains 
# Nightmare on Goof Street
# Where There's a Will, There's a Goof
# Winter Blunderland
# Gymnauseum
# Come Fly with Me
# As Goof Would Have It
# Calling All Goofs
# Buddy Building
# Dr. Horatio's Magic Orchestra
# Goofs of a Feather
# Goof Fellas
# The Good, the Bad and the Goofy
# Educating Goofy
# Peg o' the Jungle
# Partners in Grime
# A Pizza the Action
# To Catch a Goof
# Gunfight at the Okie-Doke Corral
# Queasy Rider
# Maximum Insecurity
# Puppy Love
# Great Egg-Spectations
# Three Ring Bind
# Pistolgeist
# Bringin' on the Rain
# Talent to the Max
# Tee for Two
# Goofin' Up the Social Ladder
# Sherlock Goof
# From Air to Eternity
# Clan of the Cave Goof
# Goof Troop Christmas: Have Yourself a Goofy Little Christmas
## Movies
* *A Goofy Movie* (1995)
* *An Extremely Goofy Movie* (2000)

## Main characters
*Goofy
*Pete
*Max Goof
*PJ
*Peg
*Pistol
*Waffles and Chainsaw

## Other websites 
*
* 
*
Gargoyles

***Gargoyles*** is an animated Disney television series. The series was originally shown from October 24, 1994 to February 15, 1997, airing in syndication from 1994 to 1996, and on ABC from 1996 until the end of its run. It had a total of 78 episodes.

## Main Characters
## Other websites 
*GargWiki, the ultimate reference guide to the world of Disney's *Gargoyles*
*
*
*
*Ask Greg (Greg Weismen answers fan-submitted questions about Gargoyles and other projects of his)
*Gathering of the Gargoyles Convention
Bonkers (American TV series)

***Bonkers*** is an animated Disney television series. Originally was the spin-off of the 1992 television series Raw Toonage. The series was originally shown from September 4, 1993 to February 23, 1994. It had 65 episodes.

## Main characters
### Main
*Bonkers D. Bobcat

### Supporting
*Fall Apart Rabbit
*Fawn Deer

### Piquel family
*Detective Lucky Shirley Piquel
*Marilyn Piquel
*Dilandra "Dyl" Piquel

### Wright family
*Officer Miranda Wright
*Shirley Wright
*Timmy Wright

### Los Angeles Police Department officers
*Leonard Kanifky
*Sergeant Francis Q

### Recurring civilians
*The Mad Hatter and March Hare
*Toots
*Police Light
*Broderick
*Jitters A. Dog
*Grumbles Grizzly
*Harry the Handbag
*Tiny
*Pops Clock
*Skunky Skunk
*Professor Ludwig Von Drake
*Roderick Lizzard
**Tuttle Turtle
*Bucky Buzzsaw
*Slap, Sniffle and Flop
*Brer Bear
*Donald Duck
*Mickey Mouse
*Goofy
*Horace Horsecollar
*Clarabelle Cow
*Darkwing Duck
*Marsupilami
*Lady and the Tramp
*Mrs. Francine Kanifky

## Other websites 
* 
* 
* 
* Pedal to the Metal  at The Encyclopedia of Disney Animated Shorts
* Bonkers on RetroJunk.com
Chip 'n Dale Rescue Rangers

'''''Chip 'n Dale Rescue Rangers''''' is an American animated television series. The series was originally shown from March 4, 1989 to November 19, 1990. It had a total of 65 episodes.

## Main Characters
*Chip
*Dale
*Monterey Jack
*Gadget Hackwrench
*Zipper

### Villains
*Fat Cat
**Mole
**Mepps
**Wart
**Snout
*Prof. Norton Ninmul

## Episodes 
### Season 1 
# Piratsy Under the Seas
# Catteries Not Included
# Dale Beside Himself
# Flash, the Wonder Dog
# Out to Launch
# Kiwi's Big Adventure
# Adventures in Squirrelsitting
# Pound of the Baskervilles
# Risky Beesness
# Three Men and a Booby
# The Carpetsnaggers
# Bearing Up Baby
# Parental Discretion Retired
### Season 2 
# To the Rescue, Part 1
# To the Rescue, Part 2
# To the Rescue, Part 3
# To the Rescue, Part 4
# To the Rescue, Part 5
# A Lad in a Lamp
# The Luck Stops Here
# Battle of the Bulge
# Ghost of a Chance
# An Elephant Never Suspects
# Fake Me to Your Leader
# Last Train to Cashville
# A Case of Stage Blight
# The Case of the Cola Cult
# Throw Mummy from the Train
# A Wolf in Cheap Clothing
# Robocat
# Does Pavlov Ring a Bell
# Prehysterical Pet
# A Creep in the Deep
# Normie's Science Project
# Seer No Evil
# Chipwrecked Shipmunks
# When Mice Were Men
# Chocolate Chips
# The Last Leprechaun
# Weather or Not
# One-Upsman-Chip
# Shell Shocked
# Love is a Many Splintered Thing
# Song of the Night 'n Dale
# Double 'O Chipmunk
# Gadget Goes Hawaiian
# It's a Bird, It's Insane, It's Dale!
# Short Order Crooks
# Mind Your Cheese and Q's
# Out of Scale
# Dirty Rotten Diapers
# Good Times, Bat Times
# Pie in the Sky
# Le Purrfect Crime
# When You Fish Upon a Star
# Rest Home Rangers
# A Lean on the Property
# The Pied Piper Power Play
# Gorilla My Dreams
# The S.S. Drainpipe
### Season 3 
# Zipper Come Home
# Puffed Rangers
# A Fly in the Ointment
# A Chorus Crime
# They Shoot Dogs, Don't They

## Movie 
* ''Chip 'n Dale: Rescue Rangers'' (2022)

## Home video releases 
### VHS
#### Video Chile: ADV Garantía Original Video
Thirteen VHS cassettes contaning 26 episodes of the series were released on Argentinina/Chile.

### DVD
#### Video Chile: ADV Garantía Original Video
##### International
The Argentinina/Chile DVD releases was as the American release separated into three discs but has seven remaining episodes removed the third collection remains unaltered.

## Other websites 
* 
* 
*
The Little Mermaid (TV series)

***The Little Mermaid*** was an animated Disney television series. It was based on The Little Mermaid movie. The series was shown from September 11, 1992 to November 26, 1994. It had a total of 31 episodes.

## Characters
### From the 1989 film
* Ariel
* Sebastian
* Flounder
* King Triton
* Scuttle
* Arista, Aquata, Attina, Adella, Andrina and Alana
* Ursula
* Flotsam and Jetsam
* Prince Eric
* Chef Louis
* Grimsby
* Seahorse
* Max
* Glut the Shark
* Ursula's Garden
* Sea Creatures

### Original characters
* Urchin
* **The Lobster Mobster** and Da Shrimp
* Evil Manta
* Pearl
* Spot
* Gabriella and Ollie
* Moray
* The Crabscouts
* Flo and Ebb
* The Magical Wishing Starfish
* Little Evil
* Emperor Sharga
* Pearl's Mom
* Dudley
* Zeus
* Hans Christian Anderson
* Commander Shaabala
* Sharkanian Soldier
* Stormy's Owner
* Crab Louie
* Count Clambakersfield
* Glowfish
* Howling Hairfish
* Cure-Seeking Villager
* Dr. Vile
* Squid
* Simon
* The Ancient Seaclops
* Archimedes
* Eel-Tailed Merboy
* The Flow Monster
* Apatosaurus
* Apollo
* King Augustus
* Brain Sponge
* Daniel
* Lucky
* Merpeople
* Mervikings
* Neptune
* Octopan
* Penny
* Sorcerees
* Stegosaurus
* Stormy the Giant Seahorse
* Thor
* Triceratops
* Tyrannosaurus Rex
* Big Barracuda
* Young Octopus
* Old Octopus
* Clam
* Pettigrew
* Penguins
* Tom
* Captain

## Other websites 
*
* 
*
Los Ángeles, Chile

**Los Ángeles** is a Chilean city. It is the capital and main city of the Bío Bío province, Bío Bío region.

## Geography
The commune of Los Ángeles is between the Laja and Bío Bío rivers and has an area of .

The average amount of precipitation for the year in Los Ángeles is . The month with the most precipitation on average is May with  of precipitation. The month with the least precipitation on average is February with an average of .

The average temperature for the year in Los Ángeles is . The warmest month, on average, is January with an average temperature of . The coolest month on average is July, with an average temperature of .
 
## Population
As of 2002, there were 166,556 people living in the commune, giving it a population density of  inhabitants/km².

The city of Los Ángeles has an urban area of  and a population, in 2002, of 117,972 inhabitants.

Its inhabitants are called *Angelinos* (women, *Angelinas*).

## Gallery 

File:Calle central de los angeles.jpg|Street in Los Ángeles.
File:Estadio Mun L.A 1.jpg|Stadium of Los Ángeles.
File:Plaza Pinto.jpg|"Pinto" square

## Related pages
*Communes of Chile
*Provinces of Chile

## References
## Other websites
* Territorial division of Chile 
* Municipality of Los Ángeles 
* Gobierno Regional del Bío Bío Official website
Lebu, Chile

**Lebu** is a Chilean port city and commune. The city is also the capital of the Arauco Province in Bío Bío Region. It lies on the south bank of the mouth of the Lebu River. The commune includes the Mocha Island. Lebu was founded on 1862 thanks to some number of colonies in the zone. The commune has an area of 561.4&nbsp;km2. According to the INE census of 2002, the population is with 25,035 inhabitants.

## References 
## Other websites
* Lebu municipality