open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
MDH (spice company)

**Mahashian Di Hatti Private Limited**, doing business as **MDH**, is an Indian spice producer and seller based in New Delhi, India. 

It is the second largest leader in the Indian market with 12% market share, following S Narendrakumar's Everest Spices.

## References
Dead End

***Dead End*** is a 1937 American crime drama movie directed by William Wyler and was based on the 1935 play of the same name by Sidney Kingsley. It stars Sylvia Sidney, Humphrey Bogart, Joel McCrea, Wendy Barrie, Claire Trevor, Allen Jenkins, Ward Bond, Esther Dale, Charles Halton and was distributed by United Artists. It was nominated for 4 Academy Awards in 1938.

## References
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Ankylosing spondylitis

**Ankylosing spondylitis** (**AS**) is a type of arthritis. There is a long-term inflammation of the joints of the spine. 

Usually the joints where the spine joins the pelvis (the sacroiliac joints) are also affected. Eye and bowel problems may also occur. Pain in the back is a typical symptom of AS, and it often comes and goes. Stiffness of the ribcage in ankylosing spondylitis causes problems breathing because the lung expansion is restricted, making it a restrictive respiratory disease.

Ankylosing spondylitis inflames the sacroiliac joints located between the base of the spine and pelvis from there the disease starts and gradually captures the entire spinal cord and there is complete tilt in the body. Some of the bones in the spine fuse, this fusing makes the spine less flexible.

## Symptoms 
In this disease, the bones of the spine are completely fused (the bones joining in this disease become one bone in 8-10 years),  which then means the patient can not get up, sit, walk, bend, twist of the neck. It shuts down and affects all day-to-day activities.

It can cause a general feeling of pain or other symptoms like: 
* Stiffness in the body when waking up
* Breathing Problems
* Chest Pain
* "Bone fever"
* Fatigue
* Problems with vision
* Loss of appetite 
* Irritability
* Pain and stiffness, including
** Pain in the joints
** Neck pain, affecting the neck
** Back pain or hip pain, affecting the back or hip joints

For pain in the back bone lasting more than 3 months, where the stiffness is more on getting up in the morning, then a rheumatologist should be seen as soon as possible. 

## References
## Other websites 
*What are ankylosing spondylitis causes?
Koba Davitashvili

**Koba Davitashvili** (; July 31, 1971 – December 2, 2020) was a Georgian politician. He was a leader of the Georgian People's Party and co-founder of the United National Movement. He was a member of the Georgian Parliament between 1999 and 2006.

Davitashvili died on December 2, 2020 in Tbilisi from ankylosing spondylitis, aged 49.

## References
Franco Giraldi

**Franco Giraldi** (11 July 1931 – 2 December 2020) was an Italian director and screenwriter. He was born in Comeno, Kingdom of Italy. He directed *Seven Guns for the MacGregors* (1966), *Sugar Colt* (1966) and *Up the MacGregors!* (1967).

Giraldi died on 2 December 2020 in Trieste, Italy from problems caused by COVID-19 at the age of 89.

## References
The First Degree

***The First Degree*** is a 1923 American drama movie directed by Edward Sedgwick and was based on the 1914 short story *The Summons* by George Pattullo. It stars Frank Mayo, Sylvia Breamer, Philo McCullough and was distributed by Universal Pictures.

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Maker of Men

***Maker of Men*** is a 1931 American drama movie directed by Edward Sedgwick and starring Jack Holt, Richard Cromwell, Joan Marsh, John Wayne, Natalie Moorhead. It was distributed by Columbia Pictures.

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Warren Berlinger

**Warren Berlinger** (August 31, 1937 – December 2, 2020) was an American actor. He was born in New York City. His career lasted from 1946 to 2016. He was best known for his roles in *The Joey Bishop Show*, *The Cannonball Run* and in *The World According to Garp*.

Berlinger died on December 2, 2020 at a hospital in Santa Clarita, California at the age of 83.

## References
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Brighton Rock (1947 movie)

***Brighton Rock*** is a 1947 British crime thriller movie directed by John Boulting and was based on the 1938 novel of the same name by Graham Greene. It stars Richard Attenborough, Hermione Baddeley, Carol Marsh, William Hartnell, Wylie Watson, George Carney, Alan Wheatley. It was remade in 2010.

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River of No Return

***River of No Return*** is a 1954 American western movie directed by Otto Preminger and Jean Negulesco. It stars Robert Mitchum, Marilyn Monroe, Tommy Rettig, Rory Calhoun and was distributed by 20th Century Fox.

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Aldo Moser

**Aldo Moser** (7 February 1934 – 2 December 2020) was an Italian cyclist. Moser rode in 16 editions of the Giro d'Italia and 4 of the Vuelta a España, totaling in 20 Grand Tours. He was the older brother of Francesco Moser, Enzo Moser  and Diego Moser. He was born in Giovo, Italy.

Moser died on 2 December 2020 in Trento, Italy from COVID-19 at the age of 86.

## References
Hugh Keays-Byrne

**Hugh Keays-Byrne** (18 May 1947 – 2 December 2020) was an English-Australian actor and movie director. He moved to Australia in 1973. He was known for his roles as Toad in the 1974 movie *Stone*, Toecutter in the 1979 movie *Mad Max*, and Immortan Joe in the 2015 movie *Mad Max: Fury Road*. He was born in Srinagar, then-British India.

Keays-Byrne died on 2 December 2020 at a hospital in Gosford, New South Wales at the age of 73.

## References
## Other websites
*
* Hugh Keays-Byrne at Theatricalia.
Rafer Johnson

**Rafer Lewis Johnson** (August 18, 1934 – December 2, 2020) was an American decathlete and actor. He was born in Hillsboro, Texas. Johnson was a silver medalist at the 1956 Summer Olympics and a gold medal at the 1960 Summer Olympics. He also played Mullens the DEA agent in the 1989 James Bond movie *Licence to Kill*.

In 1968, Johnson, football player Rosey Grier, and journalist George Plimpton tackled Sirhan Sirhan moments after he had fatally shot Robert F. Kennedy.

Johnson died on December 2, 2020 at a Sherman Oaks, California hospital from a stroke, aged 86.

## References
George Plimpton

**George Ames Plimpton** (March 18, 1927 – September 25, 2003) was an American journalist, writer and editor. He was widely known for his sports writing and for helping to found *The Paris Review*. He was born in New York City.

Plimpton, along with former decathlete Rafer Johnson and American football star Rosey Grier, helped wrestle Sirhan Sirhan to the floor when Robert F. Kennedy was assassinated in 1968.

Plimpton died on September 25, 2003 at his New York City apartment from a heart attack caused by supraventricular tachycardia, aged 76.

## References
Supraventricular tachycardia

**Supraventricular tachycardia** (**SVT**) is an abnormally fast heart rhythm caused from improper electrical activity in the upper part of the heart. 

There are four main types: atrial fibrillation, paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT), atrial flutter, and Wolff–Parkinson–White syndrome.

Symptoms may include palpitations, feeling faint, sweating, shortness of breath, or chest pain.

## References
Yuvensius Alfonsius Biakai

**Yuvensius Alfonsius Biakai** (9 November 1956 – 5 November 2020) was an Indonesian politician. He was the Regent of Asmat from October 2005 to October 2015 . He was the first regent of Asmat. 

Biakai died in Timika, Indonesia on 5 November 2020 from COVID-19 at the age of 63.

He founded the Lembaga Musyawarah Adat Suku Asmat (Asmat Tribe Tradition Consultative Council) and held a ceremonial title as the Commander of War of the Asmat Tribe.
https://wiki.kidzsearch.com/wiki/Yuvensius_Alfonsius_Biakai#:~:text=Yuvensius%20Alfonsius%20Biakai%20(9%20November%201956%20%E2%80%93%205%20November%202020)%20was%20an%20Indonesian%20politician.

## References
Spider-Man: Web of Shadows

***Spider-Man: Web of Shadows*** is a 2008 action-adventure video game based on the fictional superhero Spider-Man. The game was released in October 2008 across multiple platforms, and encompasses three drastically different versions: one released for the Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 3, Wii, and Xbox 360, which features an open world and non-linear gameplay; one for the PlayStation 2 and PlayStation Portable (called ***Spider-Man: Web of Shadows - Amazing Allies Edition***), which is a 2.5D side-scrolling beat 'em up; and one for the Nintendo DS, which is also a linear beat 'em up, but features a different storyline and aspects of the Metroidvania genre.

## Gameplay
Venom has launched a full-scale symbiote invasion of Manhattan, forcing Spider-Man to join forces with a number of unlikely allies in order to stop him, while being faced with difficult choices that could change his life forever.
Disraeli (movie)

***Disraeli*** is a 1929 American historical drama movie directed by Alfred E. Green and is the third version of the 1911 play of the same name by Louis N. Parker. It stars George Arliss, Doris Lloyd, Joan Bennett, Florence Arliss, Anthony Bushell and was distributed by Warner Bros. Pictures. It was nominated 3 Oscars and won an Academy Award in 1930.

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Spider-Man: Shattered Dimensions

***Spider-Man: Shattered Dimensions*** is a 2010 action-adventure video game based on the fictional superhero Spider-Man released for the Nintendo DS, PlayStation 3, Wii, Xbox 360, and Microsoft Windows. It was followed by a sequel, *Spider-Man: Edge of Time* in October 2011.

## Gameplay
The game revolves around an artifact known as the Tablet of Order and Chaos. When it is shattered into pieces during a fight between Spider-Man and Mysterio, it causes problems with multiple realities across the Marvel Universe. Madame Web calls on four versions of Spider-Man from four realities to assist in bringing the realities back into balance: the Amazing Spider-Man, Spider-Man Noir, Spider-Man 2099, and Ultimate Spider-Man. The player controls each of the four Spider-Men as they attempt to retrieve the tablet fragments from villains within their respective dimensions, who now possess new abilities granted by the tablet.
Spider-Man: Edge of Time

***Spider-Man: Edge of Time*** is an action-adventure video game based on the fictional superhero Spider-Man released in October 2011 for the Nintendo DS, Nintendo 3DS, PlayStation 3, Wii, and Xbox 360. It is a sequel to 2010's *Spider-Man: Shattered Dimensions*.

## Gameplay
Spider-Man and Spider-Man 2099 combat a new threat across space and time and attempt to save both of their realities.
Tommy Sandt

**Thomas James Sandt** (December 22, 1950 – December 1, 2020) was an American Major League Baseball player and coach. Sandt played for the Oakland Athletics in 1975 and 1976. He also coached the Florida Marlins during their 1997 World Series win. He was born in New York City.

Sandt died on December 1, 2020 at his home in Lake Oswego, Oregon at the age of 69.

## References
June Rose Bellamy

**June Rose Bellamy**, also **Yadana Nat-Mei** (; lit. Goddess of the Nine Jewels, 1 June 1932 – 1 December 2020) was the First Lady of Myanmar and fourth wife of the 4th President of Burma Ne Win. 

She was a Burmese royal princess of Australian descent and the great-granddaughter of Prince Kanaung.

## References
Bronisław Dankowski

**Bronisław Dankowski** (22 August 1944 – 2 December 2020) was a Polish politician. He was a member of the Sejm from 1997 to 2005. He was a member of the Democratic Left Alliance.

Dankowski died on 2 December 2020 at the age of 76.

## References
Maria Fyfe

**Maria Fyfe** (*née* '''O'Neill'''; 25 November 1938 &ndash; 3 December 2020) was a Scottish Labour politician. She was a Member of Parliament for Glasgow Maryhill from 1987 to 2001. Fyfe was born in Glasgow. 

Fyfe died on 3 December 2020 in Glasgow, aged 82.

## References
QAnon

-Satan-worshiping ring.]]
**QAnon** () is a far-right conspiracy theory believing that a cabal of Satan-worshipping human-eating pedophiles is running a global child sex-trafficking ring and are planning against former US president Donald Trump, who is fighting the cabal. 
 saying "Where We Go One We Go All"]]

QAnon also believes that Trump is planning a day known as the "Storm", when thousands of members of the cabal will be arrested. No part of the conspiracy claim is based in fact. 

QAnon's supporters have accused many liberal Hollywood actors, Democratic politicians, and high-ranking government officials of being members of the cabal.

Former followers of the group have criticized it for vandalism of stores and general antisocial behavior.

Members of the movement actively took part in the 2020 U.S. presidential election, during which they supported Donald Trump's campaign. After Joe Biden won, they were involved in efforts to overturn the results of the election. Many of the QAnon followers attacked the U.S. Capitol on January 6, 2021, which caused many media websites to track down and block QAnon information and members from spreading.

## References
Frank Kramer (Dutch footballer)

**Franciscus Johannes "Frank" Erik Kramer** (27 November 1947 – 1 December 2020) was a Dutch footballer. He played as a striker, television presenter and football commentator. Kramer was born in Amsterdam. His career lasted from 1970 to 1984. 

Kramer played for Amsterdam, MVV Maastricht, Telstar, Volendam and Haarlem. He also made appearances on television sports networks as a commentator for AVRO and Eurosport.

Kramer suffered from a stroke on his 73rd birthday and fell in a coma. He died four days later.

## References
Murder of Seth Rich

The **murder of Seth Rich** happened on Sunday, July 10, 2016, at 4:20&nbsp;a.m. in Washington, D.C. Rich died about an hour and a half after receiving two gunshot wounds to the back. He was murdered by unknown people for unknown reasons, but police suspected he had been the victim of an attempted robbery.

The 27-year-old Rich worked for the Democratic National Committee (DNC), and his murder caused many right-wing conspiracy theories, including the false claim that Rich had been involved with the leaked DNC emails in 2016.  

*The New York Times*, *Los Angeles Times*, and *The Washington Post* wrote that the promotion of these conspiracy theories was an example of fake news.

## References
Pizzagate conspiracy theory

(pictured) to a fake child sex ring]]
"**Pizzagate**" is a debunked conspiracy theory that went viral during the 2016 United States presidential election cycle mainly supported by far-right politicians and activists.

In March 2016, the personal email account of John Podesta, Hillary Clinton's campaign manager, was hacked in a spear-phishing attack. Supporters of the Pizzagate conspiracy theory falsely claimed the emails had coded messages that connected several high-ranking officials and U.S. restaurants with an alleged human trafficking and child sex ring. Pizzagate has resurged again in 2026 following the release of some Epstein files.

## References
2016 Democratic National Committee email leak

The **2016 Democratic National Committee email leak** is a collection of Democratic National Committee (DNC) emails stolen by one or more hackers working under the pseudonym "Guccifer 2.0" who are said to be Russian intelligence agency hackers, according to indictments carried out by the Mueller investigation.

These emails were leaked by DCLeaks in June and July 2016 and by WikiLeaks on July 22, 2016, just before the 2016 Democratic National Convention. 

This collection included 19,252 emails and 8,034 attachments from the DNC. The leak includes emails from seven key DNC staff members, and date from January 2015 to May 2016. 

The leaks also showed the DNC trying to sabotage and spread fake information to hurt then-2016 presidential candidate Bernie Sanders and his presidential campaign.

On November 6, 2016, WikiLeaks released a second batch of DNC emails, adding 8,264 emails to its collection.

## References
Hot Jupiter

**Hot Jupiters** are a class of gas giant exoplanets that are physically similar to Jupiter but have very short orbital periods (). They are close to their stars, with high surface-atmosphere temperatures. Hot Jupiters are usually tidally locked.

Hot Jupiters are the easiest extrasolar planets to detect by the radial-velocity method. The oscillations of their parent stars' motion are large and rapid compared to those of other types of planets. These oscillations are caused by the planet orbiting its star in the line of sight of the Earth.

Since it seems that they are common, that raises the question of why the Solar System has its largest planet so far from its star. This led astronomers to think the Earth's Jupiter was first much closer to the Sun, and moved out later to its present orbit.
 
One of the best-known hot Jupiters is . Discovered in 1995, it was the first extrasolar planet found orbiting a Sun-like star.  has an orbital period of about 4&nbsp;days.

## References
Hyla felixarabica

The **Arabian tree frog** (*Hyla felixarabica*) is a frog from the Middle East.  Scientists saw it in Israel, Jordan, Saudi Arabia, Yemen, Syria and Lebanon.

Scientists say there are two separate groups of Arabian tree frogs: one in the hills in Yemen and Asir Mountains in Saudia Arabia and another group in Syria, Israel and the hills in Jordan.

## First paper
*

## References
Krusty the Clown (The Simpsons episode)

"**Krusty the Clown**" is the 8th episode of the 30th season of *The Simpsons*. It was first shown on the Fox network on November 25, 2018.
## References
Giovo

**Giovo** () is a *comune* (municipality) in Trentino, located about  northeast of Trento in northern Italy.

## References
Bartolomé Esteban Murillo

, oil on canvas, 122 x 107 cm, London, National Gallery.]]
**Bartolomé Esteban Murillo** (Seville, baptized on January 1, 1618– April 3, 1682) was a Spanish Baroque painter. A central personality of the Sevillian school, with many followers who carried his influence well into the 18th century. He was also the best known and most appreciated Spanish painter outside of Spain. Most of his paintings are religious, for Sevillian churches and convents. Unlike other great Spanish masters of his time, he also cultivated genre painting on a continuous and independent basis. throughout much of his career.
, Fitzwilliam Museum. A cartela in the inferior angle right explains the content of this unusual subject, in which the Virgin advises to the franciscano fray Lauterio, student of theology, the query of the *Summa Theologiae* of the aquinatense to resolve his doubts of faith.]]
, Museum del Prado.]]
, Alte Pinakothek.]]

Murillo-joven espulgandose.jpg | *Boy espulgándose*, to 1650, Paris, Museum of the Louvre.
Bartolome murillo-tres niños.jpg |*Three boys* (*Two golfillos and a negrito*), to 1670, London, Dulwich Picture Gallery.
Murillo-niño asomado a la ventana.jpg |*Boy laughing showed to the window*, to 1675, London, National Gallery.

, Museum del Prado.]]
, The Barber Institute. The banquet of weddings allows to Murillo represent a scene of alive colour and diversity of changing room, with touch orientalizantes also in the mantel, in addition to a varied repertoire of objects of still life, with the big cántaro of ceramics like axis of the composition.]]
Separate Vocations

"**Separate Vocations**" is the 18th episode of the 3rd season of ***The Simpsons***. It was first shown on television on February 27, 1992.

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Unmarried

***Unmarried*** is a 1939 American drama movie directed by Kurt Neumann and starring Helen Twelvetrees, Buck Jones, Donald O'Connor, Virginia Vale, Larry Crabbe, Robert Armstrong.  It was distributed by Paramount Pictures.

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Three Girls Lost

***Three Girls Lost*** is a 1931 American drama movie directed by Sidney Lanfield and starring Loretta Young, Lew Cody, John Wayne, Paul Fix, Ward Bond, Joan Marsh, Joyce Compton, George Beranger. It was distributed by 20th Century Fox.

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Half Angel (1936 movie)

***Half Angel*** is a 1936 American comedy movie directed by Sidney Lanfield and starring Frances Dee, Brian Donlevy, Charles Butterworth, Helen Westley, Henry Stephenson, Sara Haden, Julius Tannen. It was distributed by 20th Century Fox.

The film is based on a novel by Karl Brown and features a mix of romantic and comedic elements typical of 1930s cinema.

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You Only Live Once

***You Only Live Once*** is a 1937 American crime drama movie directed by Fritz Lang and starring Sylvia Sidney, Henry Fonda, Barton MacLane, Jean Dixon, William Gargan, Jerome Cowan, John Wray. It was distributed by United Artists.

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The Good Earth (movie)

***The Good Earth*** is a 1937 American romantic drama movie directed by Sidney Franklin, Gustav Machatý and Victor Fleming. It was based on the 1931 novel of the same name by Pearl S. Buck and starring Paul Muni, Luise Rainer, Walter Connolly, Tilly Losch, Charley Grapewin, Jessie Ralph. It was nominated for 5 Oscars and won 2 Academy Awards in 1938.

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Human Rights Party (United States)

The **Human Rights Party** was a socialist political party in Michigan. It existed from the year 1970 to the mid-1970s around Ann Arbor.

## Platform 
### Communication 
* More people can be in government through the use of cable television
* Media is to be funded blindly by the government

### Foreign Policy 
* United States' wars are for the rich and companies
* The United States should stop fighting the Vietnam War
* Focus on community planning and growth

### Education 
* Schools are used to oppress groups, through sexism, racism, and class
* Schools are used to spread propaganda of an free society
* Students deserve privacy, dignity, due process, and other decisions
* Schools should be controlled by students, parents, and teachers
* Schools should be funded by a income tax. The tax should be the same throughout Michigan. If a person gets more money, more of the tax they pay

### Childcare 
* The government and employers should pay for childcare
* Parents, staff, and children should run the childcare

### The young 
* Age should not be a factor of the rights a person has

### The legal system 
* All crimes which doesn't affect another person should be repealed
* Jails contain more poor, black, and young people
* Social inequality is the cause of crime
* People convicted with non-violent crimes should be released without bail
* The police should be controlled by the community
* Prisons should be replaced by rehabilitation 
* All laws on having drugs should be repealed
* Ann Arbor should have more relaxed laws then the state
* Ann Arbor should fund treatment for addicts. Education of drugs should be in schools

### Economics 
* Wealth goes to a few people. The tax system doesn't stop this, but might help it
* Labor unions must be protected
* Workers must be given good working conditions

### Taxation 
* There must be progressive taxation

### Sexism 
* Sexual preference and activity should not be regulated if not interfering with another person
* Human rights should be given to people of all sexual orientations and genders
* Laws against prostitution and sexual orientation must be repealed
* Marital status should not determine rights.
* Immediate divorce should happen if both individual consent to it
* Discrimination against single people in tax laws, housing, jobs and credit must end.
* Laws about pornography should be repealed
* Birth control should be accessible 
* Anti-abortion laws should be repealed. Abortions should be free

### Racism 
* Minority groups should have control over their future
* The city should have more funding and power to find discrimination
* Courses of minority culture should be offered in schools
* Community control of the police to end police racism

### Model cities 
* Community control is more important then the model cities program

## References
Conquest (1937 movie)

***Conquest*** is 1937 American romantic drama movie directed by Clarence Brown and Gustav Machatý. It was based on the 1933 novel *Pani Walewska* by Wacław Gąsiorowski and starring Greta Garbo, Charles Boyer, Reginald Owen, Henry Stephenson, Alan Marshal, C. Henry Gordon, Leif Erickson. It was distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer and was nominated for 2 Academy Awards in 1938.

## References
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* 
*
Loren Legarda

**Lorna Regina "Loren" Bautista Legarda** is a Filipino politician and former journalist. She is currently serving as the representative of Antique and as a House Deputy Speaker.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Official website
The Black Watch

***The Black Watch*** is a 1929 American adventure movie directed by John Ford and was based on the novel *King of the Khyber Rifles* by Talbot Mundy. It stars Victor McLaglen, Myrna Loy, Francis Ford, Cyril Chadwick, Walter Long, Joyzelle Joyner, Mitchell Lewis, Lumsden Hare, John Wayne and was distributed by 20th Century Fox.

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Josie Natori

**Josie Natori**, (born **Josefina Almeda Cruz**) is a Filipino-American fashion designer and former Wallstreet executive. Natori served as a commissioner on the White House Conference on Small Business. In March 2007, she was awarded the Order of Lakandula, one of the highest civilian awards in the Philippines.

## References
Cat People

***Cat People*** is a 1942 American horror movie directed by Jacques Tourneur and starring Simone Simon, Kent Smith, Jack Holt, Tom Conway, Jane Randolph. It was distributed by RKO Radio Pictures and was followed by the 1944 sequel *The Curse of the Cat People* and was remade in 1982.

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Madame X (1937 movie)

***Madame X*** is a 1937 American drama movie directed by Sam Wood and Gustav Machatý. It is the fourth version of the 1908 play of the same name by Alexandre Bisson and starring Gladys George, Warren William, John Beal, Reginald Owen, Lynne Carver, Phillip Reed, Henry Daniell, Ruth Hussey, George Zucco. It was distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer.

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Belgian Americans

**Belgian Americans** are Americans who can trace their ancestry to immigrants from Belgium who emigrated to the United States. While the first natives of the then-Southern Netherlands arrived in America in the 17th century, most of the Belgian immigrants arrived during the 19th and 20th centuries.  

## References
Tamil Brahmins

**Tamil Brahmins** are Tamil-speaking Brahmins, primarily living in Tamil Nadu, although a few of them have settled in other states like, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, Kerala and   Karnataka. They can be broadly divided into three religious groups, Gurukkals who follow Saivism, Iyers who follow the Srauta and Smartha tradition and Iyengars who follow Sri Vaishnavism.
Tulu Nadu

**Tulu Nadu**, also called as **Tulunaad**, is a region on the southwestern coast of India. The Tulu people, known as 'Tuluva' (plural 'Tuluver'), speakers of Tulu, a Dravidian language, are the preponderant ethnic group of this region. South Canara, an erstwhile district and a historical area, encompassing the undivided territory of the contemporary Udupi, Dakshina Kannada, and Kasaragod districts, forms the cultural area of the Tuluver.

Historically, Tulu Nadu lay between the Gangavali River (Uttara Kannada district) in the north and the Chandragiri River (Kasaragod taluka) in the south. Currently, Tulu Nadu consists of the Udupi and Dakshina Kannada districts of Karnataka, and the northern parts of the Kasaragod district of Kerala up to the Chandragiri River.

This region is not an official administrative entity. However, the Tulu Nadu state movement has been gaining momentum since the Indian States Reorganisation Act, 1956.

Mangalore, the second largest and a major city of Karnataka, is the chief and largest city of Tulu Nadu. Udupi, Kasaragod and Puttur are the other major cities of this region.

**References**
Polygender

**Polygender**, or **multigender** is a non-binary identity in which the person experiences multiple genders. Pangender, bigender, and trigender are examples of multigender identities, sometimes along with androgyne, associated with demigender. 

## References
Dolphin shorts

**Dolphin shorts** or **Dolfins** are a specific style of unisex shorts for athletics. They are typically very short and were originally made from nylon with contrasting binding, side slits, and rounded corners, with a waistband at the top—a style popular in the 1980s. Richard Simmons is iconic for wearing "dolphin shorts" as his trademark.

## References
4. There is more about dolphin shorts that you can learn here.
Mad Max: Fury Road

***Mad Max: Fury Road*** is a 2015 Australian post-apocalyptic action movie. It was co-written, co-produced, and directed by George Miller. Miller worked on the screenplay with Brendan McCarthy and Nico Lathouris. The movie is the fourth installment and "reboot"  of the *Mad Max* films. It was produced by Kennedy Miller Mitchell and distributed by Warner Bros. Pictures. The movie stars Tom Hardy, Charlize Theron, Nicholas Hoult, Hugh Keays-Byrne, Rosie Huntington-Whiteley, Riley Keough, Zoë Kravitz, Abbey Lee and Courtney Eaton.

A prequel movie, *Furiosa: A Mad Max Saga*, was released on 24 May 2024. George Miller returned as writer and director.

## References
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Cape Feare

"**Cape Feare**" is the second episode in the fifth season of *The Simpsons*. It was first shown on the Fox network on October 7, 1993. The episode has Kelsey Grammer do the voice of Sideshow Bob. In the epidsode, Bob wants to kill Bart Simpson because Bart put him in jail. The episode is a parody of the 1991 movie with a similar name, *Cape Fear*.

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Patharghata Upazila

**Patharghata** () is an Upazila of Barguna District in Bangladesh. It is a part of the Barisal Division. It has a total area of 387.36 km2.

## Administration
Patharghata Upazila is divided into Patharghata Municipality and seven union parishads. The list of union parishads:

The union parishads are subdivided into 42 mauzas and 66 villages. Patharghata Municipality is subdivided into 9 wards and 9 mahallas.

## References
House of Representatives of Fiji

The **House of Representatives** was the lower chamber of Fiji's Parliament from 1970 to 2006.  It was the more powerful of the two chambers.

The House of Representatives was suspended by the 2006 military coup. The 2013 Constitution abolished it and replaced it with a single chamber Parliament.

## Other websites
* Official Website of the Parliament of Fiji
* House of Representatives
Senate of Fiji

The **Senate** of Fiji was the upper chamber of Parliament. It was abolished by the 2013 Constitution of Fiji, after a series of military coups. 

The Senate had 32 members.  They were appointed by the President for five-year terms at the same time as the term of the House of Representatives.

## Other websites
* Official website of the Fijian Senate
Suhaila Seddiqi

**Suhaila Siddiq** (March 11, 1949 – December 4, 2020) was an Afghan politician. She was born in Kabul, Afghanistan. Seddiqi was Minister of Public Health from 2001 to 2004 during the Hamid Karzai presidency.

Seddiqi died on December 4, 2020 in Kabul from Alzheimer's disease-related problems at the age of 71.

## References
## Other websites
*'We Can Only Rely On Ourselves To Rebuild Our Country'
Anand Singh

**Anand Singh Bisht** (8 August 19484 December 2020) was a Fijian lawyer and politician. He was born in Bombay, India. 

Singh was a member of the Labour Party. From 1999 to 2000, he was a member of the House of Representatives and Attorney General. From 2001 to 2006, Singh was a member of the Senate.

Singh died on 4 December 2020 in Auckland, New Zealand at the age of 72.

## References
Giuseppe Dalla Torre

**Giuseppe Dalla Torre del Tempio di Sanguinetto** (27 August 1943 &ndash; 3 December 2020) was an Italian lawyer and educator. He was born in Rome. He was a Rector of the Libera Università Maria SS. Assunta between 1991 to 2014. 

Dalla Torre died on 3 December 2020 in Rome from COVID-19 at the age of 77.

## References
National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine

The **National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine** (**NASU**; , *Natsional’na akademiya nauk Ukrayiny*, abbr: **NAN Ukraine**) is a self-governing state-funded organization in Ukraine. It focuses on the development of science and technology.

## References
Anatoly Samoilenko

**Anatoly Mykhailovych Samoilenko** () (January 2, 1938 – December 4, 2020) was a Ukrainian mathematician. He was an Academician of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine from 1995 until his death and he was the Director of the Institute of Mathematics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine from 1988 until his death. Samoilenko was born in Potiivka, Soviet Union.

Samoilenko died on December 4, 2020 in Kyiv, Ukraine at the age of 82.

## References
André Gagnon

**André Gagnon**  (August 2, 1936 – December 3, 2020) was a Canadian composer, conductor, arranger, and actor. He was known for his works of classical and pop styles. Many of his best known compositions were *Neiges*, *Smash*, *Chevauchée*, *Surprise*, *Donna*, and *Mouvements* in the disco and pop fields. He was born in Quebec. Gagnon was appointed an Officer of the Order of Canada in 1978 and an Officer of the National Order of Quebec in 2018.

Gagnon died on December 3, 2020 in Montreal from problems caused by Lewy body dementia at the age of 84.

## References
Jutta Lampe

**Jutta Lampe** (13 December 1937 – 3 December 2020) was a German actress. She appeared in more than twenty movies from 1963 until his death. She was born in Flensburg, Germany.

Lampe was known for her roles in *Sisters, or the Balance of Happiness* (1979), *Marianne and Juliane* (1981), *The Distant Land* (1987) and *The Possessed* (1988).

Lampe died on 3 December 2020 in Berlin at the age of 82.

## References
## Other websites
*
Alison Lurie

**Alison Lurie** (September 3, 1926December 3, 2020) was an American novelist and academic.  She won the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction for her 1984 novel *Foreign Affairs*. She was born in Chicago, Illinois.

Lurie died on December 3, 2020 in Ithaca, New York at the age of 94.

## References
Albert Salvadó

**Albert Salvadó i Miras** (1 February 1951 – 3 December 2020) was an Andorran writer and industrial engineer. He wrote in both Catalan and Spanish. Salvadó wrote children's stories, essays and novels, often focusing on historical fiction. He was born in Andorra la Vella.

Salvadó died on 3 December 2020 in Andorra la Vella from leukaemia at the age of 69.

## Some written works
*''L'enigma de Constantí el Gran*
**El mestre de Kheops*
**L'anell d'Àtila*
**El rapte, el mort i el Marsellès*
**Jaume I el Conqueridor* (*El punyal del sarraí*, *La reina hongaresa*, *Parleu o mateu-me*)
**L'ull del diable*
**El relat de Gunter Psarris*
**Un vot per l'esperança*
**Els ulls d'Anníbal*
**L’ombra d’Ali Bei* (*Maleït català!,* *Maleït musulmà!,* *Maleït cristià!)*
**La gran concubina d'Amon*
**L'informe Phaeton*
**Una vida en joc*
* *Obre els ulls i desperta* (Meteora)
**El ball de la vida* co-author Anna Tohà
**Vols viure?''

## References
Chris Krebs

**Christopher Cox Krebs**  (born January 30, 1977 in Atlanta, Georgia ) is an American attorney who served as the Director of the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency in the United States Department of Homeland Security from November 2018 to November 2020.

In November 2020, President Donald Trump fired Krebs for not agreeing with Trump on the disproven claim of election fraud in the 2020 presidential election.

## Notes
## References
Monolith

is often called the world's largest monolith]]

A **monolith** is a geological feature. It is a massive stone or rock. 

Erosion usually causes the geological formations, which are often made of very hard and solid igneous or metamorphic rock.

In other words, a monolith is what's left after most of an original rock or mountain is worn away.

## Other websites
* Regarding Uluru/Ayers Rock and earlier representations of it as the largest monolith: GA.gov.au, ABC.net.au, Wayoutback.com.au
Brian Deese

**Brian Christopher Deese** (born February 17, 1978) is an American economic political advisor. He was the Director of the National Economic Council in the Joe Biden administration from January 20, 2021 until February 21, 2023.

Deese was a senior advisor to U.S. President Barack Obama. He was the deputy director of the Office of Management and Budget and was the acting director of the office in the summer of 2014. 

Deese also was deputy director of the National Economic Council. 

In December 2020, Deese was chosen as the director of the National Economic Council by Joe Biden.

In February 2023, it was announced that Deese would be leaving his position. Vice Chair of the Federal Reserve Lael Brainard was selected as his replacement.

## References
Lone Tree, Colorado

**Lone Tree** is a home rule municipality in Douglas County, Colorado, United States. The city population was 14,253 at the 2020 United States Census.

## References
Sardinian tree frog

The **Sardinian tree frog**, **Sardinia tree frog** or **Tyrrhenian tree frog** (*Hyla sarda*) is a frog.  It lives on islands: Sardinia in Italy, Corsica in France and other islands nearby.

This frog is 38 to 40 mm long from nose to rear end.  It is green or gray with a dark stripe down each side of its body.  This frog can change color.

This frog can live near humans.  Sometimes it lives in gardens and hides in garden walls.

## References
Phumulani

Phumulani is a nonprofit organization dedicated to preventing domestic violence and sexual abuse in communities of color throughout Minnesota and globally.

## History 
Phumulani was founded by Comfort Dondo, a survivor of childhood sexual abuse and domestic violence. Born and raised in Zimbabwe and now residing in Minnesota, Comfort’s struggle with domestic violence was compounded by the inability of women’s shelters in America to provide the language, cultural and societal resources she and her children needed to feel safe and supported. Often, she found herself back in her abuser’s home with no alternative. 

Now free from the dangerous situation, Comfort wants to make sure women and children of African descent have the cultural resources they need to feel comfortable in sharing their stories and recovering from their experiences. She understands firsthand that individuals who have fled African countries to save their lives often have lasting trauma that needs to be acknowledged and treated holistically to ensure long-term progress. 

## Meaning of the name Phumulani 
*Comfort created Phumulani, named for a Zulu word meaning “refuge,” as a way of helping African immigrants and refugees in Minnesota. It is truly a place where survivors of gender-based abuse and violence can find peace and recovery.*

## Mission of Phumulani 
To stop violence and abuse of women and children. Phumulani is a non-profit organization dedicated to preventing domestic violence and sexual abuse in communities of color throughout Minnesota and the nation. By providing culturally-specific resources to women and girls of African descent, we hope to change the cycle of gender-based abuse in the vulnerable populations.

## References
(524522) 2002 VE68

**(524522) ** is an asteroid and a temporary quasi-satellite of Venus. It was the first quasi-satellite to be found around a planet in the Solar System. It looks like it travels around Venus during one Venerean year but it actually orbits the Sun, not Venus.

## Discovery, orbit and physical properties 
 was discovered on 11 November 2002 at Lowell Observatory. It has a semi-major axis of 0.7237 AU. Its eccentricity is 0.4104. Its orbital inclination is 9.0060°. It is calculated to measure 236 meters in diameters. Its rotational period is 13.5 hours.

## Potentially hazardous asteroid 
 is in the Minor Planet Center list of Potentially Hazardous Asteroids (PHAs) because it frequently comes as close as 0.05 AU (7,479,894 km) to Earth. It comes as close as 0.04 AU (5,983,915 km) every 8 years.

## References
Ciudad Nezahualcóyotl

**Nezahualcóyotl**, commonly known as **Neza**, is a city in Mexico. In 2010, the city had about 1.105 million people living there. 

## References
White hole

A **white hole** is a hypothetical region in spacetime. It has *not* been proven to exist. It is predicted by the general relativity as a place before an ideal black hole.

It is said to be the exact opposite of a black hole. While a black hole sucks in objects to its singularity, the white hole emits matter from its singularity. A white hole may be formed after a black hole can no longer suck things in. Immediately, it turns into a white hole and starts emitting the things that it has previously sucked in before. Nothing can enter a white hole as its emitting force is too great. In this sense, it is the reverse of a black hole, which can be entered only from the outside and from which energy-matter, light and information cannot escape.

Like black holes, white holes have properties like mass, charge, and angular momentum. They attract matter like any other mass, but objects falling towards a white hole would never actually reach the white hole's event horizon in any reference frame, unlike how a black hole will let things cross its event horizon in their reference frame. If white holes emit what black holes absorb, then they would not need to be actually white, and would be the color of whatever came into the black hole, although they may still be very bright.

## References
Manoj Sinha

**Manoj Sinha** (born 1 July 1959) is an Indian politician. On 6 August 2020, he became the 2nd Lieutenant Governor of Jammu and Kashmir. 

He was the Minister of State (Independent Charge) for Communications and Minister of State for Railways in the Government of India. 

Sinha was elected as Member of Parliament in the Lok Sabha, representing Ghazipur for three terms from the Bharatiya Janata Party.

## References
Kirby Star Allies

***Kirby Star Allies*** is a 2018 platformer video game for the Nintendo Switch. It was released worldwide on March 16th, 2018. It was developed by HAL Laboratory and published by Nintendo. It is part of the *Kirby* series. 

## Gameplay 
Kirby Star Allies plays similarly to previous Kirby entries. Kirby can run and jump, and if the jump button is pressed multiple times, he can float. Kirby can inhale enemies to get copy abilities; special power-ups that are of a certain element or other thing (example: Fire). 

## References
Albanian Americans

**Albanian Americans** () are Americans of full or partial Albanian ancestry and heritage in the United States. They trace their ancestry to the territories with a large Albanian population in the Balkans among others to Albania, Italy, Kosovo, North Macedonia and Montenegro.

## References
Gitanjali Rao (scientist)

**Gitanjali Rao** (born 19 November 2005) is an American inventor. She won the Discovery Education 3M Young Scientist Challenge in 2017. She was honored as  Forbes 30 U 30 for her innovations. She was named TIME Top young innovator in 2020 for her innovations and "innovation workshops" she conducts across the globe. In the December 2020 cover, *Time * named Rao the first "Kid of the Year". Rao was born in Lone Tree, Colorado.

## References
Ethnic clashes of Târgu Mureș

The **ethnic clashes of Târgu Mureș** (also called *Black March*, ) are about the violent incidents against the Hungarian ethnic group in Târgu Mureș and surrounding settlements in Transylvania, Romania in March 1990. 

The clashes were the bloodiest inter-ethnic incidents of the post-communist era in Transylvania. It has been an important cultural and political center for the Hungarian minority in Transylvania.

## References
Dharampal Gulati

**Dharam Pal Gulati** (27 March 1923 – 3 December 2020), also known as **Mahashay Dharampal Gulati**, was an Indian businessman, and founder and CEO of MDH (*Mahashian Di Hatti*; ), an Indian spice company. He was known  as the 'spice-king'. He was awarded the Padma Bhushan in 2019. He was known for being the founder and CEO of MDH.

Gulati died on 3 December 2020 at a hospital in Delhi of a cardiac arrest at the age of 97.

## Life 
Gulati was born in Sialkot. His father owned a spice shop called Mahashian Di Hatti.

In 1958, he reopened his father’s spice shop in Karol Bagh, New Delhi.

## Charity 
Gulati supported education and health care. He founded 20 schools and hospitals in New Delhi.

In 2019, he received the Padma Bhushan, one of India’s highest civilian awards.

## Notes
## References
Betsy Wade

**Elizabeth Wade Boylan** (July 18, 1929 – December 3, 2020), better known by her maiden name **Betsy Wade**, was an American journalist and newspaper columnist. Wade was born in New York City.

In 1956, Wade became the first woman to edit news copy at *The New York Times*. In 1974, she was one of seven people involved in a successful class action lawsuit against the *Times* for gender discrimination. She also became the first woman to be chief editor on the foreign desk in 1972.  Wade continued working for the *Times* until 2001.

Wade was diagnosed with colon cancer in 2017. She died on December 3, 2020, at age 91 at her home in New York City.

## References
Narinder Singh Kapany

**Narinder Singh Kapany** (; 31 October 1926 – 4 December 2020) was an Indian-born American physicist. He was  known for his work in fibre optics. He was named as one of the seven "Unsung Heroes" by *Fortune*. He was known as "Father of Fiber Optics".

The term *fibre optics* was created by Singh Kapany in 1956. He was IOFS officer.

Singh Kapany died on 4 December 2020 in California, aged 94.

## References
Târgu Mureș

**Târgu Mureș** (; , ) is the seat of Mureș County in the historical region of Transylvania, Romania. It is the 16th largest Romanian city. About 134,290 lived here based of the 2011 census.

## References
Alejandro Melchor

**Alejandro Melchor** (1900-1947) was a Filipino civil engineer, mathematician, and member of the Cabinet of the Philippines. He was born in Ibajay, Aklan. Melchor was best known for his work on pontoon bridges during the Second World War. The Melchor Hall in the University of the Philippines - Diliman campus was named after him.

## References
Harold Arboleda

**Harold Miguel Davis Arboleda** (born September 9, 1990) is a Filipino professional basketball player. He plays for Zamboanga Family's Brand Sardines of the Maharlika Pilipinas Basketball League. 

## References
Alexander Nikolayevich Mikhailov

**Aleksandr Nikolayevich Mikhailov** ( September 15, 1951 – December 4, 2020) was a Russian politician. He was  Governor of Kursk Oblast in Russia from 2000 to 2018. He was a member of the State Duma from 1993 to 2000 and of the Federation Council from 2018 until his death. 

Mikhailov died on December 4, 2020 at the age of 69.

## References
Francisco de Zurbarán

**Francisco of Zurbarán** (Source of Singings, Badajoz, 7 November 1598 – Madrid, 27 August 1664) was a painter and artist of the Century of Spanish Gold.

Contemporary and fellow of Velázquez, Zurbarán stood out in the religious painting, in which his painting reveals a big visual hard and a deep mysticism. It was a representative artist of the Contrarreforma. Influenced in his beginnings by italian painterCaravaggio, his style was evolving to approximate  to the mastersmanieristas Italians. His representations move away of the realism of Velázquez and his compositions characterise  by a modelling claroscuro with tones sourer.
 (290 x 168 cm), Art Institute, Chicago.]]
 (120 x 103 cm.), Wadsworth Athenaeum (Connecticut).]]
 (250 x 225 cm.), Museum of the Louvre, Paris.]]
 (84 x 53 cm.), Alte Pinakothek, Munich]]
Victorino Mapa

**Victorino Montano Mapa** (February 25, 1855 – April 12, 1927) was an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the Philippines. He later became the second Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the Philippines under the Insular Government of the Philippine Islands. 

## References