open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Kochi

**Kochi** could mean:
* Kochi, India, a city in the state of Kerala, India, formerly known as Cochin
* Kingdom of Kochi, also known as the Kingdom of Cochin, a princely state in pre-independence India
* INS Kochi, A warship of Indian Navy
* Kōchi Prefecture, a prefecture in Japan
* Kōchi, Kōchi, the capital city of Kochi Prefecture
* Kochi, Hiroshima, a former town in Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan
* Kochi font
Tautology

**Tautology** could mean:
* Tautology (logic), a statement of propositional logic which holds for all truth values of its atomic propositions
* Tautology (rhetoric), use of redundant language
Mugger crocodile

The **mugger crocodile** (*Crocodylus palustris*) is also known as the marsh crocodile, broad-snouted crocodile and mugger. 

It lives in the Indian subcontinent and nearby countries. In Pakistan's coastal regions of the Makran and delta marshlands of Sindh, it is known as the Indus crocodile.  The name "Mugger" is a corruption of the Hindi word magar which means "water monster".  It is one of three crocodilians in India, the others are the saltwater crocodile (*C. porosus*) and gharial (*Gavialis gangeticus*).

Mugger crocodile hatchlings are pale olive with black spots. Adults are dark olive to grey or brown. The head is rough without any ridges.

The mugger crocodile is a medium-sized crocodilian. It has a strong tail and webbed feet. It has good sense of smell, sight and hearing. Adult female muggers are 2 to 2.5 m (6 ft 7 in to 8 ft 2 in) on average. Adult male muggers are 3 to 3.5 m (9 ft 10 in to 11 ft 6 in). They rarely grow up to 5 m (16 ft 5 in). The largest known muggers measured 5.63 m (18 ft 6 in).

## Distribution and habitat 
The mugger crocodile can be found in southern Iran, Pakistan, Nepal, India and Sri Lanka, but is probably extinct in Bangladesh. It lives in freshwater lakes, rivers and marshes. It prefers slow-moving, shallow water bodies. It is also known to live in artificial reservoirs and irrigation canals.

## Behaviour 
The mugger crocodile is a very strong swimmer that uses its tail and hind feet to move forward, change direction and go under the water. Its belly touches the ground at the bottom of waterbodies and on land. During the hot dry season, it walks over land at night to find better wetlands. It spends most of the day under the water. During the cold season it basks on riverbanks and they tolerate one another during this period. They are more aggressive during the mating season.

The mugger crocodile has an optimal body temperature of 30 to 35 °C (86 to 95 °F). It will die of freezing or hyperthermia when exposed to temperatures below 5 °C (41 °F) or above 38 °C (100 °F). It digs burrows to get away from extreme temperatures. Burrows are between 0.6 and 6 m (2.0 and 19.7 ft) deep. Temperatures inside the burrows keep constant.

## References
Glyph

A **glyph** is an element of writing. Example: the ligature **æ** in archæology represents **a** and **e** letters.

More exactly, a glyph is an element in an agreed set of symbols. A mark used in a language is a glyph, but in another language it may not be a glyph. For example, an **n** with tilde, **ñ**, is used in Spanish, as in piñata. It is not a glyph in English.

## Other websites 
*Unicode 
*Font
Cedar Rapids, Iowa

**Cedar Rapids** () is the second largest city in the U.S. state of Iowa. It is the county seat of Linn County.

## References
## Other websites 
* City of Cedar Rapids
Tilde

The **tilde** ( ~ ) can be many things, such as a diacritic. Many languages use tildes. Two of these are Spanish and Portuguese. Others are Basque, and Breton.

In Spanish, the tilde, which is only put over the N ( Ñ ), makes it sound like [ɲ] (like 'ny' in *canyon*) instead of [n].

The tilde also appears in Portuguese where it is used to nasalise (meaning to sound them through the nose) the vowels "a" (ã) and "o" (õ).

In UNIX operating systems, a tilde represents the user's "home" directory.

The tilde is also used to denote when something is an estimate, such as ~24 meaning approximately 24.

On most QWERTY keyboards, you can type a tilde by holding down the shift key and pressing the "`" (single back quote). This key is in the upper left corner of the keyboard, below the esc (escape) key and to the left of the key that you use to type the number 1 or an exclamation mark (!). 

Wikipedia editors sign their comments on Talk pages with four tildes ().
Abbot Suger

**Abbot Suger** (c. 1081 – January 13, 1151) was one of the last French abbot-statesmen. He was also a historian, the first patron of Gothic architecture, advisor to kings Louis VI of France and Louis VII of France and regent of France.

## Life 
Suger was part of a poor family, and in 1091, he was brought to the abbey of Saint-Denis. Among his schoolmates were Louis Capet, the future King of France, with whom he would become friends. He became secretary to the abbot of Saint-Denis in 1104. When Louis VI became king in 1108, Suger began to advise him. Suger advised the young king to become a patron of Saint Denis, the patron saint of France who was martyred for bringing Christianity to Gaul in 272.

In1122 Suger was elected abbot of Saint-Denis. When Holy Roman Emperor Henry V invaded France in 1124, Louis VI rode into battle carrying the Oriflamme, the banner of Saint-Denis, which normally rested in the church along with the relics of the saint. As a result of his appeal to the nobility’s veneration for the saint, he was followed by a larger army of nobles than had ever previously pledged their allegiance to him or to his father. The army of Louis VI and the Oriflamme were so formidable that Henry V retreated without battle.

When Louis VI in 1137, his son Louis VII did initially rejected Suger as an advisor. During this time is when Suger began to rebuild the decaying church in Gothic form, one of the first of this type of architecture. 

Louis VII seized the lands of Theobald II, Count of Champagne. Suger became acted as a mediator an negotiated peace. When Bernard of Clairvaux urged Louis VII to take up arms and lead a crusade as penance for the war with Theobald, Suger advised against it. When Louis VII left for the Hoy Land in 1147, Suger was appointed regent during the king's absence. In 1150 Suger and Bernard began making plans for a third crusade. However, Suger contracted malaria and died in 1151. He was interred at Saint-Denis.

## References
## Other websites 
* Gothic Art and Abbe Suger
Arch of Constantine

The **Arch of Constantine** () is an arch in Rome, found between the Colosseum and the Palatine Hill. It was built in honour of Constantine I's victory over Maxentius at the Battle of Milvian Bridge on October 28, 312. It is the latest of the triumphal arches in Rome.

## Inscriptions 
The main inscription was made of bronze letters. It says (identically on both sides):
:**IMP · CAES · FL · CONSTANTINO · MAXIMO · P · F · AVGUSTO · S · P · Q · R · QVOD · INSTINCTV · DIVINITATIS · MENTIS · MAGNITVDINE · CVM · EXERCITV · SVO · TAM · DE · TYRANNO · QVAM · DE · OMNI · EIVS · FACTIONE · VNO · TEMPORE · IVSTIS · REM-PVBLICAM · VLTVS · EST · ARMIS · ARCVM · TRIVMPHIS · INSIGNEM · DICAVIT**

:*To the Emperor Caesar Flavius Constantinus, the greatest, pious, and blessed Augustus: because he, inspired by the divine, and by the greatness of his mind, has delivered the state from the tyrant and all of his followers at the same time, with his army and just force of arms, the Senate and People of Rome have dedicated this arch, decorated with triumphs.*

Two short inscriptions on the inside of the central archway say:
:**LIBERATORI VRBIS** (liberator of the city) — **FUNDATORI QVIETIS** (founder of peace)

Over each of the small archways, inscriptions say:
:**VOTIS X — VOTIS XX**
:**SIC X — SIC XX**

## Other websites 
*The Arch of Constantine , a detailed article on the arch
*Inscriptions
*Google Maps satellite image
Burlington, Iowa

**Burlington** is a city in Des Moines County, Iowa, United States. The population was 23,982 at the 2020 census.

## References 
## Other websites 
*Official City Website 
*Burlington Public Library
Louis VI of France

**Louis VI** (16 April 1080 — 1 August 1137), nicknamed **the Fat** (French: *le Gros*), or **the Fighter** (French: *le Batailleur*) was the King of France from 1108 until his death in 1137. He was the second child and the only son of King Philip I of France and  his first wife, Bertha of Holland. Louis was a great warrior king. He fought against King Henry I of England at the Battle of Brémule. Even though Louis lost the battle, he was still very active fighting in battles. 

He would spend most of his 29 year reign fighting and even though in his later years he became very fat and heavy for his horse to carry, he was still active in battles. His got his nickname "the Fat" because of how fat he was. But because he was very active in fighting, he also got the nickname, "the Fighter". Louis died in 1137 due to dysentery at the age of 57. He was succeeded by his 17-year-old son, Louis VII.

Louis was undoubtedly one of France's greatest kings. He became one of the first great, strong, and powerful king of France since Charlemagne. He made France a military power and bought stability to France. The economy grew and that he managed to avoid English domination in France unlike under the reign of his successor, Louis VII where King Henry II of England would dominate over France forming the Angevin Empire.

## Marriages and children
He married in 1104: 1) Lucienne de Rochefort — the marriage was cancelled.
***Their child:**
**1) Isabelle (c.1105 – before 1175), married (*ca* 1119) William of Vermandois, seigneur of Chaumont

He married in 1115: 2) Adélaide de Maurienne (1092–1154)

***Their children: **
**# Philip (1116 – October 13, 1131), King of France (1129–31), not to be confused with his brother of the same name; died from a fall from a horse.
**# Louis VII (1120 – November 18, 1180), King of France
**# Henry (1121–75), archbishop of Reims
**# Hugues  (born *ca* 1122)
**# Robert  (*ca* 1123 – October 11, 1188), count of Dreux
**# Constance (*ca* 1124 – August 16, 1176), married first Eustace IV, count of Boulogne and then Raymond V of Toulouse.
**# Philip (1125–61), bishop of Paris. not to be confused with his elder brother.
**# Peter of France (*ca* 1125–83), married Elizabeth, lady of Courtenay
Great hall

A **great hall** was the main room of a royal palace, a nobleman's castle or a large manor house in the Middle Ages. At that time the word *great* meant *big*. Great halls were found in France, England and Scotland and some other European countries.

## Appearance 
A great hall was a rectangular room between 1.5 and 3 times as long as it was wide, and also higher than it was wide. At night some members of the household might sleep on the floor of the great hall.

## Examples 
Two very large surviving royal halls are Westminster Hall and the Wenceslas Hall in Prague Castle. Penshurst Place in Kent, England has a hall from the 14th century. There are lots of 16th century and early 17th century halls in England, Wales and Scotland, for example those at Longleat (England), Burghley House (England), Bodysgallen Hall (Wales), Muchalls Castle (Scotland) and Crathes Castle (Scotland); however, by the late 1700s the great hall was beginning to lose its purpose over time.
Gatehouse

A **gatehouse** was a strong building built over the gateway to a city or castle. A gatehouse is found on European castles, manor houses and mansions. 

Sometimes gatehouses defended a town by being built across a bridge, a river or a moat, as in Monmouth.

## English gatehouses 
*Ightham Mote
*Nottingham Castle
*Stokesay Castle
*Stanway Hall, Stanway, Gloucestershire
*Westwood, Worcestershire
*Burton Agnes Hall, Yorkshire
*Hylton Castle, Hylton, Sunderland
*Hertford Castle

## French gatehouses 
*Château de Suscinio
*Château de Trécesson
*Château de Vitré
Pittodrie Stadium

**Pittodrie Stadium** is a stadium in Aberdeen, Scotland. It is mostly used as a football stadium for Aberdeen F.C.

Aberdeen have played at Pittodrie Stadium throughout their existence. The ground was first used by the original Aberdeen F.C. in 1899, in a 7–1 win over Dumbarton; when they merged with two other teams in 1903, the new club took over the old Aberdeen ground. On August 15 1903, 8,000 spectators turned up to watch the new Aberdeen draw 1-1 against Stenhousemuir, the first game played at Pittodrie by its amalgamated tenants. The club initially rented the ground, but subsequently bought it in 1920. The stadium contains 21,600&nbsp;seats,  The record attendance occurred on March 13 1954, when 45,061 spectators turned up for a Scottish Cup match between Aberdeen and Hearts. In 1978, Pittodrie became the first all covered, all-seater stadium in Britain.

The club are examining a move to a new stadium in Aberdeen.

## References
List of Xena: Warrior Princess episodes

The following is a complete **episode list** for the historical fantasy series ***Xena: Warrior Princess***, which began airing on September 4, 1995. The series ran for six seasons and 134 episodes until its final episode aired on May 21, 2001. Three pilot episodes for the series, collectively called *The Xena Trilogy*, initially aired as part of the first seasons of *Hercules: The Legendary Journeys*. 

The show, primarily set in ancient Greece with a flexible time setting, details the adventures of former *Hercules* villain Xena. Now a reformed warlord on a quest to redeem her past sins, Xena is accompanied on her travels by Gabrielle, a young woman who becomes her best friend and, eventually, most trusted ally.

## Seasons 

## Episodes
### Season 1 (1995–1996) 
### Season 2 (1996-1997) 
### Season 3 (1997-1998) 
### Season 4 (1998-1999) 
### Season 5 (1999-2000) 
### Season 6 (2000-2001) 
## Other websites 
* TV.com List of *Xena: Warrior Princess* episodes
Beauvais Cathedral

**Beauvais Cathedral** () is an unfinished cathedral in Beauvais, in northern France. It was started in the 13th century.

## Other websites 
* Cathedral of Beauvais Digital Media Archive 
* 360 degrees panorama virtual tour of some French cathedrals including Beauvais
Orvieto Cathedral

The **Duomo di Orvieto** is a big 14th century Roman Catholic cathedral found in the town of Orvieto in Umbria in Italy.

## Other websites
*Historical Information and photos 
*Orvieto Duomo Photo Pages 
*Orvieto Duomo Detailed description
Louis VII of France

**Louis VII** ( 1120 — 18 September 1180) nicknamed **the Young** or **the Younger** (French: *le Jeune*) was the King of France from 1137 until his death in 1180. He was the second son of King Louis VI of France and his second wife, Adélaide de Maurienne. As the second son, he was never expected to become king. However, in 1131, Louis' older brother Philip died, Louis became the Dauphin of France.

After his father's death in 1137, the 17-year-old prince became king. Shortly after his accession, he married the 15-year-old, Eleanor of Aquitaine who would become one of the wealthiest and most powerful women in Medival Europe. He was crowned on Christmas day in 1137. He was a successful king like his father. He fought in the Second Crusade in 1147 in attempt to take Jerusalem from the Muslims. However, he was defeated. 

In 1152, his marraige with Eleanor of Aquitaine ended as Eleanor grew tired of Louis' Crusade. She then got remarried to the 19-year-old Henry, Duke of Normandy the future King Henry II of England. After Henry became the King of England, Henry's kingdom dominated over France forming the Angevin Empire. Because of the English domination over France and losing battles in the Second Crusade, Louis was proved to be a weak king.

However, despite all of this, Louis was still a good king. Because during his reign, the Notre-Dame de Paris was built. Also he strengthened the authority of the royal court, went on the Second Crusade despite losing, and repelled the aggressions of King Henry II of England. He was undoubtedly one of France's greatest kings just like his father, King Louis VI.

He died on 18 September 1180 in Paris and was buried the next day at Barbeau Abbey. His remains were moved to the Basilica of Saint-Denis in 1817 by his descendant Louis XVIII.

## Ancestors
## Marriages and Children
Louis married three times. By Eleanor of Aquitaine, he had:
*Marie, married Henry I of Champagne
*Alix, married Theobald V of Blois
By Constance of Castile:
*Marguerite of France (1158–97), married (1) Henry the Young King; (2) King Béla III of Hungary (1172–96)
*Alys (4 October 1160 – c. 1220), engaged to Richard I of England; she married William III Talvas, Count of Ponthieu
By Adele of Champagne:
*Philip II Augustus (August 22, 1165 – 1223)  
*Agnes of France (1171–1240), who was betrothed to Alexius II Comnenus (1180–83) but married (1) Andronicus I Comnenus (1183–85); (2) Theodore Branas (1204)
Bowling

]]
**Bowling** is a sport where people roll a heavy ball. It was invented centuries ago when grenades were heavy iron balls. Two main kinds of bowling arose. In one kind the bowler rolls a ball near a target and knocks away the ball of another bowler. This kind includes lawn bowling. 

In the more common kind nowadays, the bowler rolls the ball down a wooden bowling lane trying to knock down bowling pins. This kind includes ten-pin bowling, which is so commonplace that it is often simply called "bowling". Some people bowl at smaller pins, called "duck pins" or "candle pins" with slightly different rules.

## Ten-pin 
The usual kind of bowling ball has three holes, where the player puts two fingers and the thumb. The person on the lane swings the ball and lets it go to roll along the lane, attempting to knock down ten wooden pins. If the bowler does not do it right, the ball might not knock all the pins down or might roll into the gutter and hit none. Players take turns rolling their ball down the lane to see who gets the highest score.

Ten-pin bowling scores can be as low as 0 or as high as 300. Players get 10 chances to knock down all of the pins; each chance is called a frame. In each frame, players can try to knock down all of the pins up to two times. Players who do not knock down all of the pins after two tries get up to 9 points for the frame. One point is given for every pin knocked down, if any are knocked down at all. If players are able to knock down all of the pins on the first or second try, they are given 10 points for the frame plus bonus points. Frames in which a player knocks down all of the pins on the first try are scored as a strike. A strike is worth 10 points plus the number of pins knocked down by the player during their next two tries. If players do not score a strike but knock down all remaining on their second try, the frame is scored as a spare. A spare is worth 10 points plus the number of pins knocked down on the next try.

Players who score a strike or spare on their 10th frame are allowed to roll the ball up to two additional times to score their bonus points. This is the only frame where it is possible to get a strike **and** a spare. It is also possible to roll 3 strikes in this frame.
Lincoln Cathedral

**Lincoln Cathedral** is an Anglican church in Lincoln, England. It was the tallest building in the world for over 200 years, or some could argue it was closer to 1400 years, however there is no significant evidence to back up this statement, other than what is for, as you could say, “the gag” (1300–1549), but the central spire fell down in the sixteenth century and was not rebuilt. It owns one of the four surviving copies of Magna Carta, which is housed in the adjacent, Lincoln Castle (in a steel vault). It was first made by William the Conquerer in 1072 and was completed in 1092.

## Other websites 
* Lincoln Cathedral Official Website
* The Cathedral Church of Lincoln: a history and description 
* Large collection of pictures and info on Lincoln Cathedral 

## References
Sainte Chapelle

The **Sainte-Chapelle** () is a Gothic chapel found on the Île de la Cité in the heart of Paris, France. This chapel is an example of the *rayonnante* period of Gothic architecture. The chapel was designed by architect, Pierre de Montereau.

La Sainte-Chapelle was built in six years (1242-1248). It was consecrated in 1248. The building was designed to house the relics of the Passion, especially the Crown of Thorns. King Louis IX had acquired this Crown from Emperor Baudouin II in 1239. The possession of this relic put France in the forefront of Latin Christendom.

Other relics were brought from Byzantium over the next two years. These relics were kept in the Saint-Nicholas Chapel until a more appropriate place could be prepared. During the French Revolution, the choir stalls and the rood screen of Sainte Chapelle were destroyed. The spire was torn down and the relics sent elsewhere. Restoration of the chapel was undertaken in 1846. The chapel was returned to its former splendor with this restoration. 

The stained glass windows of the chapel are its chief glory. They tell the story of humankind from the Creation to the Redemption of the world through Jesus Christ. These windows contain 6,458 sq. ft of glass. Two thirds of the glass are original. Each window is divided into lancets. These lancets must be read from left to right, working from the bottom up. They were restored in the 19th century.

## References
## Other websites 
*L'Internaute Magazine: Diaporama  (in French)
*Informative Article From 1921 On Sainte Chapelle
*Information of the windows of St. James Chapel, replica of the Sainte Chapelle
Gloucester Cathedral

**Gloucester Cathedral** is an Anglican church in Gloucester, England. It is in the north of the city near the river. It started with the foundation of an Abbey built for Saint Peter in 678 or 679. Henry VIII ordered the monasteries to be dissolved and Gloucester Abbey surrendered in January 1540. The abbey buildings became Gloucester Cathedral, the seat of the Bishop of Gloucester in 1541. 

## Other websites 
* Official website
* Photos of Gloucester Cathedral
Regis High School (Cedar Rapids)

**Regis Catholic High School** was a Catholic high school in Cedar Rapids, Iowa. It is at 735 Prairie Drive NE. It merged with LaSalle High School to form Xavier High School in 1998.

## Notable alumni 
* Kurt Warner (1989), NFL quarterback, 1999 Super Bowl MVP
* Zach Johnson (1994), professional golfer, 2007 Masters champion

## References
Uppsala Cathedral

The **Cathedral of Uppsala** (), found in the city of Uppsala, Sweden, was built in the late 13th century. It is at a height and length of 118.7 m is the largest church building in Scandinavia.

## Other websites 
* Photos of Cathedral of Uppsala 
* Tourist guide 
* Official Uppland tourist page 
* Cathedral's website
Laon Cathedral

**Laon Cathedral** () is a cathedral in Laon, Hauts-de-France, France. The current gothic cathedral was built between 1135 and 1270, on the site of an romanesque church which had been destroyed by a fire. It is one of the most important examples of the Gothic architecture of the 12th and 13th centuries. It is also among the first gothic cathedrals built in France.  The cathedral has been compared to those of Saint-Étienne of Sens and Notre Dame of Paris.

## Other websites 
* Kathedrale in Laon 
* Notre-Dame de Laon 
* Notre-Dame de Laon (in French) 
* "Laon" in *Encyclopaedia Britannica* (11th ed. 1911)
University of Northern Iowa

The **University of Northern Iowa** is a public university in Cedar Falls, Iowa.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Official site of the University of Northern Iowa
* Official site of UNI athletics 
* UNI Alumni Association
Limoges Cathedral

**Limoges Cathedral** () is a Roman Catholic cathedral found in Limoges, France.

## Other websites 
* Location
Rouen Cathedral

**Rouen Cathedral** () is a Gothic cathedral in Rouen, in Normandy, northwestern France.

## Related pages 
* *Rouen Cathedral* (Monet), a series of paintings of the cathedral by Claude Monet

## References
## Other websites
Equilateral triangle

In geometry, an **equilateral triangle** is a triangle where all three sides are the same length and all three angles are also the same and are each 60°.
If an altitude is drawn, it bisects the side to which it is drawn, in turn leaving two separate 30-60-90 triangles
## Other websites 
* MathWorld - the construction of an equilateral triangle

## Principal properties
Denoting the common length of the sides of the equilateral triangle as *a*, we can determine using the Pythagorean theorem that:
* The area is A=\frac{\sqrt{3}}{4} a^2
* The perimeter is p=3a\,\!
* The radius of the circumscribed circle is R = \frac{a}{\sqrt{3}}
* The radius of the inscribed circle is r=\frac{\sqrt{3}}{6} a or  r=\frac{R}{2}
* The geometric center of the triangle is the center of the circumscribed and inscribed circles
* And the altitude (height) from any side is h=\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2} a.
Denoting the radius of the circumscribed circle as *R*, we can determine using trigonometry that:
* The area of the triangle is \mathrm{A}=\frac{3\sqrt{3}}{4}R^2

Many of these quantities have simple relationships to the altitude ("h") of each vertex from the opposite side:
* The area is   A=\frac{h^2}{\sqrt{3}}
* The height of the center from each side, or apothem, is   \frac{h}{3} 
* The radius of the circle circumscribing the three vertices is  R=\frac{2h}{3} 
* The radius of the inscribed circle is  r=\frac{h}{3}

In an equilateral triangle, the altitudes, the angle bisectors, the perpendicular bisectors and the medians to each side coincide.

### Equal cevians
Three kinds of cevians are equal for (and only for) equilateral triangles:
* The three altitudes have equal lengths.
* The three medians have equal lengths.
* The three angle bisectors have equal lengths.

### Coincident triangle centers
Every triangle center of an equilateral triangle coincides with its centroid, which implies that the equilateral triangle is the only triangle with no Euler line connecting some of the centers. For some pairs of triangle centers, the fact that they coincide is enough to ensure that the triangle is equilateral. In particular:
* A triangle is equilateral if any two of the circumcenter, incenter, centroid, or orthocenter coincide.
* It is also equilateral if its circumcenter coincides with the Nagel point, or if its incenter coincides with its nine-point center.

### Six triangles formed by partitioning by the medians
For any triangle, the three medians partition the triangle into six smaller triangles.
* A triangle is equilateral if and only if any three of the smaller triangles have either the same perimeter or the same inradius.
* A triangle is equilateral if and only if the circumcenters of any three of the smaller triangles have the same distance from the centroid.

::4(p^2+q^2+r^2) \geq x^2+y^2+z^2.

## References
St Stephen's Cathedral, Vienna

'''St. Stephen's Cathedral''' () is found in Vienna, Austria. It has a clear Romanesque and Gothic form. The large place before it is called Stephansplatz (St. Stephen's place). It lies in the center of Vienna.

## History 
It had the status of Cathedral since 1376. Since 1479 it is the seat of a bishop, since 1723 that of an archbishop. The current archbishop of Vienna is Christoph Schönborn. He holds the office since 1996. The Cathedral is consecrated to Stephanus. Stephanus is believed to be the first Christian martyr.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Official website of St. Stephen's Cathedral  
* About the Bells
Carlisle Cathedral

**Carlisle Cathedral** is a Church of England cathedral in the city of Carlisle, in Cumbria, in northwest England. It is the seat of the bishop of the Church of England Diocese of Carlisle, 

## Other websites 
*Stayin - Carlisle Cathedral 
*Official site
*Bell's Cathedrals: The Cathedral Church of Carlisle - from Project Gutenberg.
Notre-Dame de Saint-Omer

**Saint-Omer Cathedral** () was a cathedral, in Saint-Omer, France. Today, it is an ordinary church. This is because after the French revolution, the seat of the bishop was moved to Arras. It is still a historical monument. There was a small chapel where the Cathedral stands today. The chapel was built in the 8th century. Around 1052, a church was built on the site. Around 1200, a fire greatly damaged the church. Reconstruction in Gothic style started around 1263. Since it was a major work, it took a long time. The main construction works were done form the 13th to the 16th century. By that time, there was a college associated with the church. 1714 saw the installation of the bishop's seat; in 1717 the last touch-ups were done to the pipe organ. The woodwork and the bishop's seat date from 1753. 

In 1792 there was the French Revolution. The Church was closed to worshippers. It was converted into a storage area. Unlike other churches, there was little vandalism done to it. The Concordat of 1801 saw the suppression of the diocese of Saint-Omer, it was moved to Arras.
Rochester Cathedral

**Rochester Cathedral** is a Norman church in Rochester, Kent, and the cathedral of the Anglican diocese of Rochester. It was originally founded in 604 AD, and rebuilt by the Normans. The present church was consecrated in 1130. It became a place of pilgrimage after William of Perth was murdered nearby in 1201. 

## References 
## Other websites 
*Official website of Rochester Cathedral
*A history of the King's School and of the choristers of Rochester Cathedral
Milan Cathedral

**Milan Cathedral** (Italian: **Duomo di Milano**) is the cathedral church of Milan found in Lombardy, northern Italy.  The cathedral where locate in Milan was built according to Italian style. Its construction was started in 1386 and was completed in 1965. The construction took 579 years. Capacity of the cathedral is 40000 people. It is one of the largest cathedral in the world and the largest in Italy. 

## Reference 
## Other websites 
* Photos and details
* Duomo in Google Maps
* Virtual model of Piazza del Duomo
Types of tennis match

Traditionally, tennis is played between two people in a Singles match, or four players in a Doubles match. However, popular variations allowing play between three players (of which two or three are on the court at any one time) have emerged.

;Singles:in tennis is the body of competition that features individual players competing one-on-one.  There are separate singles competitions for men and women.  The singles competition exists in counterdistinction to doubles.

;Doubles:one team of two players on each side (four players in total). In this version, gender does not matter. Doubles utilizes a wider court than singles matches.

;Mixed doubles: similar to the doubles game, but this version requires one man and one woman to be a team.

;American doubles:(from the UK) is generally used in training, and plays one player (playing with a singles court layout) versus two players (playing with a doubles court layout). Often the court rotates game by game taking it in turns to play on your own.

;Wheelchair tennis:has the same thing as both singles and doubles, however, the ball may bounce twice before hitting it, the second bounce may even be outside the field.

;Australian Doubles:is played when one player is significantly better than 2 others. Two players on one side hitting into the singles court while the better player is alone hitting into the doubles court.

;Canadian Doubles: is similar to Australian Doubles, however the single player does not have to be significantly better than the double team.

## Other websites
*http://www.sportsofworld.com/tennis/ 
*http://www.ballsport2u.com/tennis-games.html
Toledo Cathedral

The **Cathedral of Saint Mary of Toledo** (also called **Primate Cathedral of Toledo**, Spain) is one of the three 13th century High Gothic cathedrals in Spain.

The Toledo Cathedral was one of 100 finalists for the 12 Treasures of Spain in 2007.

## References
;In Spanish

* Camón Aznar, José. Historia general del arte, Tomo XVIII, colección Summa Artis. La escultura y la rejería españolas del siglo XVI. Editorial Espasa Calpe S.A. Madrid 1961.
* Camón Aznar, José; Morales y Marín, José Luis; Valdivieso, Enrique. Historia general del arte, Tomo XXVII, colección Summa Artis. Arte español del siglo XVIII. Editorial Espasa Calpe S.A. Madrid 1984.
* 
* 
* Martí y Monsó, José. Estudios histórico-artísticos relativos principalmente a Valladolid. Basados en la investigación de diversos archivos. Primera edición 1892-1901. segunda edición facsímil, Valladolid 1992, Editorial Ámbito S.A. .
*
* Nieto Siria, José Manuel. Iglesia y génesis del Estado Moderno en Castilla (1369–1480), Madrid, 1993.
* Pijoan, José. Historia general del arte, Tomo XI, colección Summa Artis. El arte gótico de la Europa occidental, siglos XIII, XIV y XV. Editorial Espasa Calpe S.A. Madrid 1953.
* Polo Benito, José. El arte en España. Catedral de Toledo. Patronato Nacional de Turismo. Editorial H de J. Thomas, Barcelona.
* Riera Vidal. Un día en Toledo. .
* Sánchez-Palencia, Almudena. Fundaciones del Arzobispo Tenorio: La capilla de San Blas en la Catedral de Toledo. Diputación de Toledo, 1985.
* Conferencia Episcopal Española. Celebración eucarística según el rito Hispano-mozárabe. Madrid, 2000. .
*
Islamic architecture

**Islamic architecture** is a type of architecture. It has been used for many different kinds of buildings; many mosques were built based on old Egyptian style. It can be very varied. Decoration is often limited to calligraphy, as Muslims are forbidden to make images of god. They also make complicated tile artwork and decorate buildings, pottery and canvas with painted calligraphy looking beautiful. 
## Gallery 

Image:Selimiye Mosque, Dome.jpg|The interior side view of the main dome of Selimiye Mosque in Edirne
Image:TajCalligraphy3.jpg|Arabic Calligraphy on large pishtaq of the Taj Mahal
Image:Naghsh-e-jahan masjed-e-shah esfahan.jpg|the Shah Mosque in Isfahan, Iran
Image:Spain Andalusia Cordoba BW 2015-10-27 13-54-14.jpg|The interior view of the Mezquita
Caledonian Stadium

**Caledonian Stadium** is a Scottish football stadium. It is owned by Inverness Caledonian Thistle F.C. who play their home games at the stadium.

It is owned by the Highland Council.

## References
Selby Abbey

**Selby Abbey** is an Anglican parish church in the town of Selby, North Yorkshire. It was founded by Benedict in 1069 and built by the de Lacy family.

## Other websites 
*Official website of Selby Abbey.
*Views of Selby Abbey.
Flag of Lithuania

The **Flag of Lithuania** is a tricolour flag currently used by Lithuania. The flag has three horizontal stripes. The yellow stripe on the top represents the sun, the green stripe in the middle represents forests, the red stripe on the bottom represents the blood of people who defended Lithuania's freedom. The flag's ratio is 3:5 (1:2 in 1989). The Council of Lithuania first adopted it in 1918. When the Soviets occupied Lithuania in 1940, they changed the flag to a Soviet one. When Lithuania gained independence in 1990, the flag was reintroduced. This newly introduced flag had a ratio of 1:2. In 2004, it was changed to 3:5. 

## Special days for the flag
The table below shows the dates when the flag should be flown: 

## References
Wikiversity

logo]]
**Wikiversity** is a free wiki website, a sister project of Wikipedia, and run by the Wikimedia Foundation. It is used to help students learn, or teachers to teach. Wikiversity develops learning resources on every subject which users are interested in. It has many links to other wikis with educational material like Wikipedia and Wikibooks. 

Wikiversity started in 2006. Before that Wikiversity was a part of Wikibooks, the library of free textbooks. There are currently wikiversities in many different languages: Czech, English, French, German, Greek, Japanese, Italian, Portuguese and Spanish. 

Wikiversity is the best way to develop a small wiki resource to learn your favorite topic if the information is from Wikipedia or Wikibooks. It is also a good place to use the MediaWiki wiki tools. 

Wikiversity resources are different from Wikipedia because the user can begin research on the topic. Wikipedia uses materials that are notable and not original research. Wikiversity allows resources and articles developed among individual users. Wikiversity users don't have to share changes with other users. Userpages are used to write articles on your own.

Wikiversity Beta is used to make new Wikiversities. If users speak a language that needs a Wikiversity, then Wikiversity Beta is where they make their resources. 

## Other websites
Le Mans Cathedral

**Le Mans Cathedral** (French: *Cathédrale St-Julien du Mans*) is a cathedral built in the Gothic style in the town of Le Mans, France. It is dedicated to Saint Julien; he was the first bishop of Le Mans; he is also buried in the cathedral. It is somewhat unusual in the West. It is often compared to those of Reims and Chartres. Its building was influenced a lot by the cathedral of Bourges. It is also special because its nave is built in Romanesque style, but the choir is built in Gothic style.
Poprad

**Poprad** (; , ) is a city in northern Slovakia at the bottom of the High Tatra Mountains. It is the biggest town in the Spiš region and the tenth largest city in Slovakia. As of ,  people live in Poprad.

The city has a historic centre, an international airport and is the starting point of the Tatranská elektrická železnica (Tatra Electric Railway) - a set of special narrow-gauge trains (trams) connecting the resorts in the High Tatra Mountains with each other and with Poprad.  Main line trains link Poprad to other destinations in Slovakia and beyond, through trains run to Prague in the Czech Republic.

## Population 
### Ethnic composition 
### Religion 
## References
Martina Navratilova

**Martina Navratilova** (; born Martina Subertová on October 18, 1956, in Prague, Czechoslovakia) is a Czech-American retired tennis player who has been World No. 1. She married Julia Lemigova in December 2014.

In February 2010, she was diagnosed with breast cancer. The following month she had surgery to remove it.

## References
Legendary creature

on the Flag of Wales]]
A **legendary creature** (*mythical* or *mythological* creature) is a type of fictional entity, typically a hybrid, that has not been proved. Legendary creatures may be described in legends, fantasy, mythology, fables, folklore, poetry, fairy tales, novels and fiction, but in historical accounts before history became a science. Some examples are:

*Apparitional experience
*Arachne
*Siren Head
*Skin-walker
*Creeper
*Bigfoot
*Bird man
*Bird woman
*Mad Jack
*Bogey
*Bogeyman
*Bunyip
*Centaur
*Cerberus
*Chupacabra
*Chimera
*Cthulhu
*Cyclops
*Deity
*Demon
*Dinosauroid
*Dragon
*Ectoplasm
*Elf
*Enderman
*Fairy
*Faun
*Fenrir
*Genie
*Gnome
*Goblin
*Godzilla
*Incarnation
*Phoenix
*Pegasus
*Gargoyle
*Ghast
*Ghoul
*Ghost
*Gremlin
*Griffin
*Headless Horseman
*Hellhound
*Hippocamp
*Hippogriff
*Hydra
*Hunchback
*Ickabog
*Imp
*Invisible man
*Jabberwocky
*King Kong
*King Ghidorah
*Kitsune
*Kraken
*Leshy
*Leprechaun
*Loch Ness Monster
*Manticore
*Mermaid
*Merman
*Minotaur
*Mōryō
*Mothman
*Ogre
*Oni
*Pixie
*Protoplasm
*Religion vision
*Replicant
*Satyr
*Sea serpent
*Siren
*Slender Man
*Sphinx
*Spirit
*Tengu
*Troll
*Typhon
*Unicorn
*Vampire
*Wendigo
*Werecat
*Weregoat
*Werewolf
*Wild man
*Wyvern
*Halmasti
*Nihang
*Yeti
*Yōkai
*Zombie
*Gold-digging ant
*Sky Fox
*Skeleton
*Medusa
*Pikachu
*Squrtle

## References
## Other websites
Arantxa Sánchez Vicario

**Aránzazu (Arantxa) Isabel Maria Sanchez Vicario** (born 18 December 1971, in Barcelona, Spain) is a retired Spanish professional tennis player. During her career, she won 4 Grand Slam singles titles and 6 Grand Slam doubles titles.

At the 1990 US Open, a reporter asked Sánchez Vicario what she kept in her oversized Reebok sports bag that she was carrying around the grounds at Flushing Meadows. She explained that in addition to a half-dozen racquets, extra sets of strings, grips, socks, clothing, and assorted fruit, that she often carried her Pomeranian dog in the bag. It was good luck, she said, explaining how her dog traveled the globe with her.

## References
Fir Park

**Fir Park** is a football stadium in Motherwell, North Lanarkshire, Scotland. The stadium is the home of Scottish Premier League club Motherwell F.C.. The stadium is all seats with a capacity of 13,742. The highest attendance for the stadium is 35,632 against Rangers in a 1952 Scottish Cup match.

Today, the stadium has an unbalanced look, with one large stand and three smaller stands. The biggest stand at the ground is the two-tiered *South Stand*, which was built in 1993. Opposite is the small *Davie Cooper Stand*, named after the former player, which was built in 1995. These two stands have their advertising slogans changed whenever the club's sponsor changes.

Running along one side of the ground is the *East Stand*, which used to be a terrace until it was changed into a seating area. This stand had the legendary "**KEEP CIGARETTES AWAY FROM THE MATCH**" slogan displayed below the roof, facing the pitch. Since the smoking ban was put into place in 2006, slogans such as these were no longer needed, and in 2012, was changed to Cash Converters, the clubs main sponsor.  The East stand is the stand of choice for many of the younger and passionate fans of the club.

Opposite the *East Stand* is ''The Phil O'Donnell Stand*, which was known as the *Main Stand* until 2008. The stand was renamed *The Phil O'Donnell Stand'' in honour of the late Motherwell captain who died on the Fir Park pitch.

This is a strange-looking stand, as the steel girders run for the full length of the pitch, but the stand only runs for two thirds the length of the pitch. This was because, in 1962, a nearby houseowner complained about the building of the stand during construction. Both the club and the houseowner failed to work things out, so to this day, the stand has not been built the full length of the pitch.

## Gretna
During the 2007-08 season, Gretna F.C. rented Fir Park from Motherwell and played all but one of their home league games there.

## Notes
## Other websites 
* Fir Park at the Scottish Football Archive
Patty Schnyder

**Patty Schnyder** (born 14 December 1978, Basel) is a retired professional female tennis player from Switzerland. She played on the WTA tour from 1993 to 2011 and is a former World *No.7*. She has had important wins over World No. 1's.

During her long career, she reached four Grand Slam quarterfinals, and one Grand Slam semifinal. She has won 10 WTA singles titles and 4 WTA doubles titles and has made over *$6,906,000* in prize money.
Indian Wells Masters

The **Indian Wells Masters** is an annual tennis tournament held in the small city of Indian Wells, California. The official sponsored name of the event is currently the **Pacific Life Open**. 

The event is part of the ATP Masters Series on the men's tour and is a Premier Mandatory event on the women's tour. The event, held in March, is one of two tour events (beside Miami Masters) in which main draw play extends beyond 8 days. The women's main draw usually starts on Wednesday and the men's main draw starts on Monday. Both finals are held on Sunday of the following week. Both singles main draws include 96 players. The 32 seeded players get a bye to the second round. 

The tournament is played on hard courts and is the best attended tennis tournament outside the four Grand Slam tournaments, with over 300,000 visitors during the event. It has the second largest stadium in the world.

The tournament is usually held in early March. However in 2020, it was cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic, and in 2021, it was on in October. Cameron Norrie from Great Britain and Paula Badosa from Spain are the most recent champions.
Indian Wells, California

**Indian Wells** is a city in Riverside County, California, in the Coachella Valley. It is in the Palm Springs area near Palm Desert, La Quinta, and Indio. At the 2020 census, the city population was 4,757.

It has the highest proportion of millionaires of any city in the United States.

The city hosts a tennis tournament called the Indian Wells Masters. (The Masters is also known by its current sponsorship name of *Pacific Life Open*.) The Indian Wells Masters is one of nine tournaments in the Tennis Masters Series. The Masters Series is a high-level event operated by the Association of Tennis Professionals. The event is held in the 16,100-seat stadium of the Indian Wells Tennis Garden.

## References
## Other websites
Kite

kite in flight.]]

 in Oahu, Hawaii.]]

:*For the bird, see kite (bird)*

A **kite** is a flying object that is attached to the ground by a rope, or ropes. Kites can be flown for fun, or in competitions. In India, people fly kites on Makar Sankranti.

## History 
Kites come in all shapes and sizes. Kites were created in China about 2,800 years ago. Later they spread into other Asian countries, like (India), Japan and Korea. However, the kite only appeared in Europe around the year 1600

The first kites had sails made of paper or light fabrics such as silk. The poles were made from bamboo sticks, or other strong but flexible woods. The kite line was made from string, or twine.

Modern kites are made from synthetic materials, such as ripstop nylon or more exotic fabrics on the sails. They have fiberglass or carbon fiber poles, and use dacron or dyneema for the kite lines.  

Today, there are different types of kites. Some are large and are made to look good. Some are smaller and are made for speed, children and competitions.

Also, there are many different types of kites. The most important types of kite are stunt kites and parafoil kites. However, they can come in a variety of sizes, types and designs.

Inflatable kites are made in an inflatable shape, animal or other design. The inflatable kite is one the few modern inventions in the world of kite design.      

Though the exact origin of **kites** are not known, it is known that they were flown in China and the Malay Archipelago two to three thousand years ago. The earliest written accounts of **kite** flying were the exploits of the Chinese general Han Hsin, Han Dynasty (206 B.C.-220 A.D.).
University of Portsmouth

The **University of Portsmouth** is a university in Portsmouth. It was started as the *Portsmouth and Gosport School of Science and the Arts* in 1869, and gained university status in 1992.

Portsmouth has been rated as the 5th best modern university in the UK by The Times Good University Guide.

## References
## Other websites
*University of Portsmouth – The University of Portsmouth official website.
*University of Portsmouth Students' Union (UPSU) – The University of Portsmouth Students' Union official website.
*Pure FM  – The University of Portsmouth student radio official website.