open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Parathyroid glands

**Parathyroid glands** are small endocrine glands in the neck of humans and all tetrapods, embedded in the posterior surface of the thyroid glands.

## Function 
These glands produce parathyroid hormones (PTH). This has an important role in controlling the amount of calcium in blood and bones. Calcium is an important element in our body: it is the only element with its own control system (the parathyroid glands).

## Structure 
There are two pairs of parathyroid glands, just behind the thyroid glands. Each gland is about 6&nbsp;mm long and 3–4&nbsp;mm wide. Parathyroid glands get their blood supply from the inferior thyroid arteries.

## References
DigiCel FlipBook

**DigiCel FlipBook** is 2D animation software that runs on Microsoft Windows or Mac OS X. It is intended to closely recreate the traditional animation process, very similar to the likes of TVPaint and Toon Boom Harmony.

## Features 
FlipBook supports scanning physical drawings with a TWAIN-compliant scanner or webcam, or direct input via a Wacom tablet. In either case, the internal format is raster-based, not vector-based. Each frame must be drawn separately; FlipBook intentionally does not support skeletal animation or morph target animation, as these are not part of the traditional animator's toolkit.

## Versions 
FlipBook is available in four versions: Lite, Studio, Pro and Pro HD. The Lite edition supports one foreground and one background layer, one soundtrack, and up to three hundred frames per shot. The other editions support more layers, more frames, multiple soundtracks and higher output resolutions.

A free, full-featured demo version which produces watermarked output is also available for download.

## Credits and endorsements 
FlipBook has been used on *The Simpsons Movie*, *Enchanted*, *The Princess and the Frog* and others, and has been endorsed by Don Bluth.

## Notes 
## other websites 
*
Vicente Calderón Stadium

The **Vicente Calderón Stadium** (Spanish: *Estadio Vicente Calderón*) was the home stadium of Atlético Madrid from 1966 to 2017. It had a capacity of 54,907 and is located on the banks of the Manzanares River, in the Arganzuela district of Madrid, Spain. The stadium was originally called the *Estadio Manzanares* from 1966 to 1971, but this was later changed to the Vicente Calderón Stadium in 1972, in honor of their club President Vicente Calderón. The stadium was demolished in 2020.

## References
Ford Fairlane (Americas)

The **Ford Fairlane** was a car from Ford Motor Company. The car was made between 1955 and 1970. The name comes off Henry Ford's estate *Fair Lane*, next to Dearborn, Michigan.

The name meant a number of different cars. The Fairlane was originally a full-sized car; it became a mid-sized car from the 1962 model year on.

In 1957, with the Fairlane, Ford outsold Chevrolet for the first time since 1935. For 1958, it was given quad headlights.
Royal Galipeau

**Royal Galipeau** (January 5, 1947 – January 27, 2018) was a Canadian politician and businessman. He served as a Member of Parliament for the Ottawa—Orléans federal constituency. He was first elected as a Conservative Party candidate in the 2006 election, and was reelected in 2008 and 2011. He lost in the 2015 t0 retired Canadian Forces Lieutenant-General Andrew Leslie.

In February 2014, he was diagnosed with multiple myeloma, but insisted he would run for office again in the 2015 election. He died form the disease on January 27, 2018 in Ottawa, Ontario at the age of 70.

## References
Ford Country Squire

The **Ford Country Squire** was a station wagon from Ford Motor Company. It was first made in 1950. The car got started as a "woodie", a car with wood material making up part of the car. But by 1952, the Country Squire was no longer a true woodie. However, all Country Squires were made with steel and wood.

From the 1960s to the early 1980s, many variations of the Squire name were used on wood-grained cars, like the LTD II, Falcon, Escort and the mid-sized LTD.

During the mid-1980s, sales of full-size station wagons began to go down. This was after the Chrysler and Ford Aerostar minivans began being made. 

At Ford, the role for the 8-passenger station wagon was given to Mercury Sable and Ford Taurus in 1992.
Interslavic language

**Interslavic** is a constructed language meant to be used by Slavic people. It is like a modern version of the Old Church Slavonic language of the 9th century. It is based on words and other things that exist in all Slavic languages. The idea is that Slavs from any country can understand it without learning it first.

## History 
The first Interslavic grammar was written in 1659–1666 by Juraj Križanić, a priest from Croatia. The modern form was started in 2006 by a team of linguists. The name of that project was **Slovianski**. In 2011, it merged with another project called **Neoslavonic**. Since that time, the name of the language is Interslavic (*Medžuslovjansky*).

Interslavic can be written in the Latin and Cyrillic alphabets. It is spoken by several hundreds of people.

## Example 
The Lord's Prayer:
: Otče naš, ktory jesi v nebesah, 
: nehaj sveti se ime Tvoje. 
: Nehaj prijde kraljevstvo Tvoje, 
: nehaj bude volja Tvoja, kako v nebu tako i na zemji. 
: Hlěb naš vsakodenny daj nam dnes, 
: i odpusti nam naše grěhy, 
: tako kako my odpuščajemo našim grěšnikam. 
: I ne vvedi nas v pokušenje, 
: ale izbavi nas od zlogo. 

## Other websites 
* Main page of Interslavic
Dennis Peron

**Dennis Peron** (April 6, 1946 – January 27, 2018) was an American activist and businessman. He was born in New York City. He was an important figure for the legality of cannabis throughout the 1990s. He influenced many in California and led the political debate on marijuana in the United States.

Peron was openly gay and his partner died of AIDS in 1990. Peron sold cannabis and advocated for medical cannabis. In 1991, he cofounded the Cannabis Buyers Club, the first public cannabis dispensary.

In 1996, the Grassroots Party of Minnesota fielded Peron, as their first Presidential nominee, in the U.S. presidential election. Peron won 5,400 votes. In 1998, Peron ran in the Republican primary for Governor of California, but lost to Attorney General Dan Lungren.

Peron died of lung cancer in San Francisco, California on January 27, 2018 at the age of 71.

## References
## Other websites
*"Pothole Awaits Calif. Attorney General in Drive for Governor", Washington Post
*Biography, MisterSF.com; accessed January 28, 2018. 
*Dennis Peron: The Marijuana Mouse That Roared, High Times
Lurie Children's Hospital

]]
'''Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago** (formerly **Children's Memorial Hospital''') located in Magnificent Mile in Streeterville, Chicago, Illinois is a pediatric specialty hospital. The hospital has more than 1,200 physicians on its medical staff and 4,000 employees. 

Based on volume, it is ranked #1 regionally in all pediatric specialties and is accredited by the Joint Commission (formerly known as the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations). Physicians and staff provided highly specialized care for more than 148,000 children in 2011, from every U.S. state and 35 countries.

## References
Dick King (politician)

**Richard Anderson King** (August 30, 1934 – January 15, 2018) was an American politician and educator. He was a member of the Democratic Party. King was born in Ritzville, Washington. He was also an educator teaching at Everett Community College. He retired in 1991.

King died on January 15, 2018 in Port Angeles, Washington at the age of 83.

## References
Central Java

**Central Java** is a province in Indonesia. It is on the island of Java.

## People
The government reported that 35,557,249 people lived in Central Java Province in 2015.

### Ethnic groups
## References
Borys Yukhymovych Steklyar

**Borys Yukhymovych Steklyar** (,  (29 January 1923 – 18 January 2018) was a Ukrainian colonel of Committee for State Security of USSR. He was one of the main specialists in combating Ukrainian Insurgent Army in Rivne region. He was accused in the murder of two or more people in March 1952, including artist and member of Volyn regional OUN propaganda Referenty Nil Khasevych and two of his colleagues.

## References
John Morris (composer)

**John Leonard Morris** (October 18, 1926 – January 25, 2018) was an American movie, television and broadway composer, dance arranger, conductor, and trained concert pianist. He was known for composing the movie scores for *Blazing Saddles*, *Young Frankenstein*, *The Elephant Man* (for which he was nominated for a Grammy for its score) and *Dirty Dancing*.

Morris died at his home in Red Hook, New York on January 25, 2018, of a respiratory tract infection at the age of 91.

## References
## Other websites
*
*John Morris on Myspace
Antônio Agostinho Marochi

**Antônio Agostinho Marochi** (28 August 1925 &ndash; 28 January 2018) was a Roman Catholic bishop. He was born in Londrina, Brazil.

Marochi was ordained to the priesthood in 1953. He served as auxiliary bishop of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Londrina, Brazil from 1973 to 1976. He then served as bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Presidente Prudente, Brazil from 1976 to 2002.

Marochi died of respiratory failure in Londrina on 28 January 2018 at the age of 92.

## References
Ion Ciubuc

**Ion Ciubuc** (May 29, 1943 – January 29, 2018) was a Moldovan politician. He was the Prime Minister of Moldova from January 1997 to February 1999. He was born in Hădărăuţi, Romania.

Ciubuc died on January 29, 2018 in Chișinău, Moldova at the age of 74.

## References
## Other websites
National Harbor, Maryland

**National Harbor** is a census-designated place along the Potomac River in Oxon Hill, Prince George's County, Maryland just south of Washington, D.C.. It began as a  multi-use waterfront development. In the 2020 census, its population was 5,509. The conservative event CPAC is located in National Harbor.

## References
## Other websites
*Baltimore Business Journal article
John Wall (inventor)

**John Wall** (26 June 1932 – 27 January 2018) was an English design engineer, amateur astronomer, and amateur telescope maker. He was a  member of the British Astronomical Association until his death in 2018. He was known for designing dialyte based refracting telescopes, coming up with the *Zerochromat*.

Wall died on 27 January 2018 in Coventry, Warwickshire at the age of 85.

## References
## Other websites
*A New Refractor Concept: "The Wall Hypochromatic Refractor" 
*The John Wall 30-inch refractor. 
* The Crayford eyepiece mounting by John Wall - Journal of the British Astronomical Association, 81 (2), 118, February 1971 
*Crayford focusers
*Crayford Eyepiece Mount 
*astronomics.com's description of how the Crayford Focuser works
Zhong Zhong and Hua Hua

**Zhong Zhong** ( pinyin:*Zhōng Zhōng*, born 27 November 2017) and **Hua Hua** ( pinyin:*Huá Huá*, born 5 December 2017 The two baby monkeys were both born at the Institute of Neuroscience of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in Shanghai.

## Background 
Scientists made the first cloned mammal, Dolly the sheep, in 1996 using somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). Since then, scientists have cloned 23 different kinds of mammals, including cows, cats, dogs, horses, and rats.

In January 2019, scientists in China said they had made five identical cloned gene-edited monkeys using somatic cell nuclear transfer, like with Zhong Zhong and Hua Hua. They also used a gene-editing Crispr-Cas9 technique that He Jiankui said was used to create the first gene-modified human babies Lulu and Nana. These monkey clones were made to study several medical diseases.

## Process 
Zhong Zhong and Hua Hua were made by scientists from the Institute of Neuroscience of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in Shanghai. Qiang Sun and Muming Poo led the team.

The older the donated nucleus is, the harder it is to make a clone.  Fetal cells are harder to clone than embryonic cells, and adult cells are harder than fetal cells.  The same team of scientists also tried to clone macaques using nuclei from adult monkeys, but it did not work. They implanted 42 mother monkeys, and 22 of them became pregnant, but there were only two baby macaques, and they died soon after birth. Poo said monkeys like Zhong Zhong and Hua Hua could be used to learn more about neuroscience, Parkinson's disease, and Alzheimer's disease when he talked on the radio news program *All Things Considered* in January 2018.

People who study right and wrong in science, like Insoo Hyun of Case Western Reserve University, asked if people would make human clones anyway. Poo told *All Things Considered*, "Technically speaking one can clone human[s]&nbsp;... But we're not going to do it. There's absolutely no plan to do anything on humans."

## Related pages
* Cloning

## References
## Other websites 
* 
*
Chico fruit

**Sapodilla** (), which is also called **chico** () in the Philippines, is a large evergreen tree that is native to the tropical areas of North and South America, and Southeast Asia. It produces a fruit that can be eaten. Chicle, which is produced from the bark, is a substance used in chewing gum.  and **chico** is rich in iron, calcium, potassium, and phosphorus.

## Reference
Eschweiler Hauptbahnhof

**Eschweiler Hauptbahnhof** is the main and also biggest railway station of the German town of Eschweiler in North Rhine-Westphalia.

It was opened in September 1841, and is on the line Aachen-Cologne.

Eschweiler Central railway station lies about 700 meters from inner town.

## References 
*  Eschweiler Hauptbahnhof
Flanders

**Flanders** (, , , , ) or **Flemish Region** (Dutch: *Vlaams Gewest*), is the Dutch-speaking northern part of Belgium.

Their version of the Dutch language is usually called ***Flemish*** (Dutch: *Vlaams*). Its vocabulary and pronunciation is not identical with Dutch as spoken in Holland.

Flanders has five provinces and 300 municipalities. About seven million people live there. Its capital is Brussels, which is also the capital of Belgium..

There are some other differences from the rest of Belgium. related to culture, politics and history.

## Provinces 
Flanders has five provinces:

## Related pages 
Flanders (or Flemish Region) is one of three regions in Belgium. The other two regions are:
* Wallonia (or Walloon Region) for the French-speaking part of Belgium
* Brussels-Capital Region is bilingual (French and Dutch)

## References 
## Other websites 
* The Flemish Region, belgium.be
COLORS TV

**Colors TV** is a Hindi-language general entertainment television channel, based in India. The channel was aired on 21 July 2008, typically broadcasting drama, horror, comedy and movies. Longest Running Shows broadcast by the channel are *Balika Vadhu*, *Sasural Simar Ka* and *Uttaran*. It is the official brodcaster of Bigg Boss, Jhalak Dikhla Jaa, Celebrity Cricket League & Miss India.

## References
List of presidents of Israel

This is the **list of presidents of the State of Israel**.

## Chairmen of the Provisional State Council (1948–1949)
## List of presidents (since 1949)
## References 
* Official website of the President's Office
Coco Schumann

**Heinz Jakob "Coco" Schumann** (14 May 1924 – 28 January 2018) was a German jazz musician of Jewish descent  and Holocaust survivor. He was born in Berlin. He became a member of the Ghetto Swingers while in Auschwitz. In the aftermath of the Holocaust, Schumann performed as a jazz guitarist, performing with Marlene Dietrich, Ella Fitzgerald, and Helmut Zacharias.

His autobiography *The Ghetto Swinger: A Berlin Jazz-Legend Remembers* was published in 1997.

Schumann died in Berlin on 28 January 2018 at the age of 93.

## References
Title

A **title** is a prefix or suffix added to someone's name in certain contexts. It usually indicates social status. Examples include:

* Noble and Royal titles 
* Church titles
* Academic titles
* Military ranks
Detective Didi

***Detective Didi*** is an Indian detective television series that ran from 9 December 2017 to 17 March 2018 and airs on Zee TV. The series is produced by Trilogy Krikos Production. It Stars Sonia Balani and Manish Golpania in Lead roles.

## References
Mediacom

**Mediacom Communications** is an American cable television, internet and telephone company. It was founded in July 1995.

The company serves Columbia, Jefferson City and Springfield, Missouri, the Quad Cities of southeast Iowa and western Illinois, Cedar Rapids, Iowa City and Waterloo in Iowa. It also serves certain areas of Minnesota, Alabama and outlying areas of the Florida Gulf Coast. It serves a total of twenty-two states.

Mediacom was a publicly traded firm. It later went private. It is now owned by Rocco B. Commisso.

## Reputation
The September 28, 2012 edition of *PC Magazine* said Mediacom was one of the nation's worst 15 fastest internet service providers.

The Des Moines *Business Record*, in its 2012 Best of Des Moines issue, gave Mediacom the top award for Best Local Internet Service Provider and Best Company Use of Social Media.

In 2016, Mediacom was named the Nation's Top Communications Provider by the publication Cable Fax.

## References
Marga

**Marga** can mean:

## Religion
*Marga in Hinduism refers to a way of accomplishing something such as yoga or sadhana
*Marga (Sanskrit *mārga*; Pãli *magga*, "path") in Buddhism refers to the path to enlightenment

## Places
*Marga, Estonia, a village in Estonia
*Marga (East Syrian Diocese), a mediaeval diocese of the Church of the East
*Marga (), a commune in Caraş-Severin County, western Romania
*Marga, a village in Godeanu Commune, Mehedinţi County, western Romania
*Marga, Tabanan, a subdistrict (Kecamatan) of Tabanan Regency, Bali, Indonesia
*Marga Marga Province, one of the eight provinces in the central Chilean region of Valparaíso
*Marga River, a tributary of the Bistra River in Romania

## People
*Marga (Batak), a family name in Batak society
*Ananda Marga, Ananda Marga Pracharaka Samgha (AMPS) meaning "the organization for the propagation of the path of bliss"
*Andrei Marga (born 1946), Romanian philosopher, political scientist, and politician
*Marga Barbu (1929–2009), Romanian actress
*Marga Boodts (1895–1976), woman claimed to be Grand Duchess Olga Nikolaevna of Russia
*Marga Gomez (born 1960), Puerto Rican/Cuban-American comedian, playwright, and humorist
*Marga Klompé (1912–1986), Dutch politician
*Marga López (1924–2005), Argentine-Mexican actress
*Marga Minco (born 1920), Dutch journalist and writer
*Marga Ortigas, Manila-based correspondent for Al Jazeera English
*Marga Petersen (1919–2002), German athlete who competed mainly in the sprints
*Marga Richter (born 1926), American composer
*Marga Schiml (born 1945), German opera singer
*Marga Scheide (born 1954), Dutch former model and a singer
*Marga T (born 1943), Indonesian writer
*Marga van Praag (born 1946), Dutch journalist and television presenter
École nationale supérieure de mécanique et des microtechniques

The **École nationale supérieure de mécanique et des microtechniques** is a engineering graduate school in France. It is in a campus of the University of Franche-Comté.

Its different curricula lead to the following French & European degrees :
* Ingénieur ENSMM (ENSMM Graduate engineer Masters level program)
* Masters Recherche &  Doctorat  (PhD doctorate studies )

Academic activities and industrial applied research are normally done in French and English languages. Students from a dozen of nationalities participate to the different curricula at ENSMM.

The school is specialized in watchmaking and microtechnology.

## Research labs 
Research activities at École nationale supérieure de mécanique et des microtechniques relate to the following topics:
* Automatic and micro-mechatronic systems
* Time-frequency
* Applied mechanic
* Micro-nanosciences and systems

## References 
## Further reading 
* Official website
Kevin Towers

**Kevin S. Towers** (November 11, 1961 – January 30, 2018) was an American executive. He worked with Major League Baseball. He served as the  General Manager of the San Diego Padres from 1995 to 2009 and for the Arizona Diamondbacks from 2010 to 2014. He was born in Medford, Oregon.

Towers died on January 30, 2018 in San Diego, California of thyroid cancer at the age of 56.

## References
## Other websites
*Baseball America Executive Database
Eduard Bloch

**Eduard Bloch** was a Jewish Austrian doctor practicing in Linz (Austria) and until 1907 the physician of Adolf Hitler's family.

Bloch was born in Frauenberg (today Hluboká nad Vltavou, Czech Republic) in 1869. 

He studied medicine in Prague and then served as a medical officer in the Austrian army. In 1899 he was stationed in Linz and opened a private doctor’s practice after his discharge in 1901. He lived and worked in the baroque house at 12 Landstrasse. He lived with his wife, Emilie (née Kafka) and their daughters Trude and Emilie. According to Linz’s future mayor Ernst Koref, Bloch was held in high regard, particularly among the lower and indigent social classes. It was generally known that at any time at night he was willing to call on patients. He used to go on visits in his hansom, wearing a conspicuous broad-brimmed hat. Like most Jews in Linz at the time, the Bloch family were assimilated.

Nazi Germany took over Austria in 1938. In 1940, Bloch moved from Austria to New York City with his wife, daughter, and son in law to escape antisemitism. He died in 1945 in The Bronx.
Thyroid hormones

**Thyroid hormones** are produced by thyroid glands. T3 and T4 are thyroid hormones that are made up of iodine and tyrosine. Less intake of iodine results in less production of T3 and T4 which may lead to a medical condition called hypothyroidism. Greater production of thyroid hormones leads to hyperthyroidism.

The thyroid and its hormones regulate themselves in a self-limiting process called a negative feedback loop. 

]]
## Function 
Thyroid hormones control the metabolism of the body. They act to increase the production of proteins, basal metabolic rate and growth hormone.

## Related pages 
* Thyroid 
* Iodine
* Metabolism 

## References
Mark Salling

**Mark Wayne Salling** (August 17, 1982 – January 30, 2018) was an American actor, singer-songwriter, composer, musician and convicted sex offender. He was known for his role as Noah "Puck" Puckerman on the television series *Glee*. He was born in Dallas, Texas.

In December 2015, Salling was arrested for having several thousand photos and videos showing child pornography. In October 2017, Salling pleaded guilty and faced four to seven years in prison. His sentencing hearing was set in March 2018.

Salling committed suicide by hanging at his home in Los Angeles, California on January 30, 2018 at the age of 35.

## References
## Other websites
*
Parathyroid hormone

**Parathyroid hormone** is a hormone secreted by the parathyroid glands. 

These hormones release calcium into the blood to raise calcium levels, making bones stronger. Too little of these hormones can result in hypoparathyroidism and too much of it can lead to hyperparathyroidism.

## Related pages
*Peptide hormone
* Calcitonin
## References
MUFG Bank

is a Japanese bank holding company headquartered in Chiyoda, Tokyo, Japan.

MUFG holds assets of around US$2.459 trillion as of 2016, making it the world's fifth largest bank by total assets It is Japan's largest financial group and the world's second largest bank holding company holding around US$1.8 trillion (JPY 148 trillion) in deposits as of March 2011. The letters *MUFG* come from *Mitsubishi* and *United Financial of Japan*, the name of an acquired company.

## References
Bailout

A **bailout** is when financial help is given to a corporation or country which is close to failure or bankruptcy.

## Notable bailouts
Moin Nawaz Warraich

**Moin Nawaz Warraich** (; born 22 February 1949) is a retired army officer and politician and the member of the Provincial Assembly of the Punjab since May 2013. Moin Nawaz Warraich is one of the few Politicians who is very honest and is highly respected even by his oposition party members. He comes from a very well respected families of Gujarat. He is the Son of Ch Gun Nawaz Warraich and the Grand Son of Ch Muzaffar Khan Warraich. 

## Early life and education 
Warraich was born on 22 February 1949 in Gujrat to Gul Nawaz Warraich. He completed his education from Pakistan Military Academy  in 1970.

## Military career 
Warraich is a Pakistan Army officer and has served as a Major until his retirement in 1995.

## References
The Blackstone Group

**The Blackstone Group L.P.** is an American multinational private equity, alternative asset management and financial services firm based in New York City. As the largest alternative investment firm in the world, Blackstone specializes in private equity, credit and hedge fund investment strategies. As of September 30, 2017 Blackstone has $387 billion under management.

Blackstone's private equity business has been one of the largest investors in leveraged buyouts in the last decade, while its real estate business has actively acquired commercial real estate. Since its inception, Blackstone has  invested in such notable companies as Hilton Worldwide, Merlin Entertainments Group, Performance Food Group, Equity Office Properties, Republic Services, AlliedBarton, United Biscuits, Freescale Semiconductor, Vivint, and Travelport.

Blackstone was founded in 1985 as a mergers and acquisitions boutique by Peter G. Peterson and Stephen A. Schwarzman, who had previously worked together at Lehman Brothers, Kuhn, Loeb Inc.. Blackstone has become one of the world's largest private equity investment firms. Blackstone is headquartered at 345 Park Avenue in Manhattan, New York City, with eight additional offices in the United States, as well as offices in London, Paris, Düsseldorf, Sydney, Tokyo, Hong Kong, Singapore, Beijing, Shanghai, Madrid, Mumbai, and Dubai.

## References
Padmavati

**Padmini**, also known as **Padmavati**, was a 13th–14th century Indian queen (Rani). Several 16th-century texts mention her, of which the earliest source is *Padmavat*. *Padmavat* is an epic fictionalized poem  based on historic conquest  written by Malik Muhammad Jayasi in 1540 CE. The Jayasi text describes her story as follows: Padmavati was an exceptionally beautiful princess of the Singhal kingdom (Sri Lanka). Ratan Sen, the Rajput ruler of Chittor Fort, heard about her beauty from a talking parrot named Hiraman. After an adventurous quest, he won her hand in marriage and brought her to Chittor. Alauddin Khalji, the Sultan of Delhi, also heard about her beauty, and laid siege to Chittor to obtain her. Many events occurred during the period of the siege, till the fort was finally taken. Meanwhile, Ratan Sen was killed in a duel with Devpal, the king of Kumbhalner, who was also enamoured with Padmavati's beauty. Before Alauddin Khalji could capture Chittor, Padmavati and her companions committed Jauhar (self-immolation) to protect their honour. After her sacrifice, the Rajput men died fighting on the battlefield. There is also a Bollywood movie called " Padmavati " which explains the story very well.

Many other written and oral tradition versions of her life exist in Hindu and Jain traditions. These versions differ from the Sufi poet Jayasi's version. For example, Rani Padmani's husband Ratan Sen dies fighting the siege of Alauddin Khalji, and thereafter she leads a jauhar. In these versions, she is characterised as a Hindu Rajput queen, who defended her honour against a Muslim invader. Over the years, she came to be seen as a historical figure, and appeared in several novels, plays, television serials and movies. However, while Khalji's siege of Chittor in 1303 CE is a historical event, many modern historians question the authenticity of the Padmini legends.
The Cat Concerto

***The Cat Concerto*** is the 29th *Tom and Jerry* animated cartoon. It was released in theaters on April 26, 1947 and was produced by Fred Quimby and directed by William Hanna and Joseph Barbera. It is considered one of the best *Tom and Jerry* cartoons ever made, winning the Academy Award for Best Short Subject: Cartoons in the 19th Academy Awards.

## References
## Other websites 
*
*
Hurricane Belle

**Hurricane Belle** was a Category 3 Atlantic tropical cyclone in August 1976. The storm, at one point, had winds around  before it moved northward up the East Coast of the United States.

The storm formed on August 6; it became Tropical Storm Belle on August 7. Later on August 7, it became a hurricane. On August 9, Belle's winds peaked at .

Because of Hurricane Belle's proximity, hurricane watches were issued from Georgia to Maine.

The hurricane brushed the North Carolina coast with gale-force winds. Unlike most storms that threaten the Northeastern United States, Belle didn't accelerate as it came closer to land.

On the morning of August 10, Belle came ashore as a minimal hurricane near Jones Beach on Long Island, New York. Just after crossing the Long Island Sound, it came ashore as a strong tropical storm near Bridgeport and New Haven, Connecticut.

Belle took twelve lives when it struck the East Coast of the United States. Damage was $100 million.

## References
Rachel Clarke

**Rachel Clarke** (born 1972) is a British palliative care doctor and writer. She specialises in palliative care for the National Health Service (NHS) in England. From 2015 Dr Clarke has had an active voice in the debate regarding junior doctors' pay rights in the United Kingdom, appearing in multiple television debates on this issue.

## Biography 
Before re-training as a doctor at age 29, Rachel Clarke worked as a journalist. She produced and directed current-affairs documentaries. Some of these documentaries focused on subjects such as Al-Qaeda, the Gulf War and the civil war in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, otherwise known as the Second Congo War.

Clarke's activism began when the Secretary of State for Health, Jeremy Hunt, wanted to impose a new contract upon junior doctors. Dr Clarke campaigned against the government, arguing in print and on screen that imposition would irrevocably damage the NHS. Her debut book *Your Life In My Hands* was published by John Blake in July 2017.

## References
Nihonium

**Nihonium** (ニホニウム) is a chemical element. It is also named **eka-thallium**. It has the symbol **Nh**. It has the atomic number 113. It is a transuranium element. The name "nihonium" comes from the name of Japan in Japanese, 日本 (*nihon*).

Nihonium does not exist in nature, and can only be made artificially. It is made from the alpha decay of moscovium.

There are no known uses for nihonium. What nihonium looks like is not known because not enough has been made to see it with human eyesight. Based on trends in the Periodic Table it could be a soft, silver colored, very reactive metal like sodium.

## History 
On February 1, 2004, Nihonium and moscovium were discovered. A team of Russian scientists at Dubna from the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research and American scientists at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory first reported the chemical elements.

On September 28, 2004, a team of Japanese scientists said that they had made the element.,,

In May 2006, in the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research made nihonium using a different method. They found the identity of the last products of the radioactive decay of the nihonium they made.

## Name 
Ununtrium was a temporary IUPAC systematic element name meaning "one-one-three" in Latin. 
Scientists from Japan suggested the name *japonium* (symbol *Jp*) or *rikenium* (*Rk*). However, they picked Nihonium because not only is it discovered in Japan, but it means Japan, too, as Nihon is Japan or Japanese in Japanese.

## References 
## Other websites 
* WebElements.com - Nihonium
* Uut and Uup Add Their Atomic Mass to Periodic Table 
* Apsidium - Nihonium 
* Discovery of Elements 113 and 115 
* Discovery of New Superheavy Elements 113 and 115 
* Superheavy elements 
* Nihonium at *The Periodic Table of Videos* (University of Nottingham)
Flag of São Tomé and Príncipe

The **flag of São Tomé and Príncipe** was created in 1975.

## Appearance 
It has a horizontal tricolour of green, yellow and green; with a red triangle based at the hoist and two black five-pointed stars in the yellow stripe.
Flag of Cape Verde

The **flag of Cape Verde** was used since September 22, 1992.

## Design 
The five horizontal (facing left and right) stripes are blue, white, red, white, and blue. The top stripe is half as tall as the flag. The three stripes in the middle are each one-twelfth as tall as the flag. The bottom stripe is one-fourth as tall as the flag.

The middle of the circle of 10 yellow five-pointed stars is on the red stripe. It is three-eighths away from the left side of the flag.
Video camera tube

The **video camera tube** was a type of vacuum tube used to capture television images between the 1930s and 1980s.

A video camera tube uses a lens to focus the image on a photoelectric material (a material which emits electrons when light hits it) housed at the front of a glass tube.

An electron gun at the back of the tube, like those used in a cathode ray tube, fires electrons at the material. When the photoelectric material is hit with brighter light, it produces more electrons, which cause more of the electrons fired by the electron gun to bounce back.

By measuring the number of electrons which bounced back, the video camera tube is able to tell how bright each part of the image is, and create a signal suitable for display on a cathode ray tube.

## Related pages
* Cathode ray tube
* Vacuum tube

## References
Bhutu

***Bhutu*** (also spelled Bhootu) is a Hindi language children's comedy-drama television series that airs on Zee TV. It Stars Kinshuk Mahajan and Sana Amin Sheikh in lead roles. The Show Telecasts Monday to Friday at 6:30 P.M.

## Cast
### Main
* Arshiya Mukherjee as Pihu Subodh Bose (Bhootu)/Main Female Protagonist 
* Shivangi Verma as Mohini
* Kapil Nirmal as Builder
*Viraaj Kappor as gopal 
*Akansha Chamola as Anandita/Pihu's Mother
*Tushar Khanna as Badripasad/Bobby
*Khusbu Takkar as Barbie
Martinism

**Martinism** is a form of Christian mysticism following with the fall of the first man, his state of material divine source, and the process of his return, called 'Reintegration' or illumination.

As a mystical tradition, it was first transmitted through a masonic system created around 1740 in France by Martinez de Pasqually, and later propagated in different forms by his two students Louis Claude de Saint-Martin and Jean-Baptiste Willermoz.

## References 
## Other websites
* Traditional Martinist Order (TMO), which operates under the aegis of AMORC—in English.
* L'Ordre Martiniste Traditionnel (OMT), which operates under the aegis of AMORC—in French.
*Synarchic Martinist Order (Filiation of Greece)
*Ordem Martinista em Portugal
Newark, California

**Newark** is a city in Alameda County, California, United States. It was created as a city in September 1955. Newark is an enclave, surrounded by the city of Fremont, California. The three cities of Newark, Fremont, and Union City make up the "Tri-City" area. Its population was 47,529 in 2020. reported that Newark had 47,529 people. There was 3,063.2 people per square mile (1,182.7/km²). Newark has 10,762 (22.6%) Whites, 1,584 (3.3%) Black, 560 (1.2%) Native Americans, 19,801 (41.7%) Asians, 693 (1.5%) Pacific Islanders, 8,317 (17.5%) from other races, and 5,812 (12.2%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 14,360 persons (30.2%).

The Census reported that 47,240 people (99.4% of the population) lived in households.

There were 14,946 households, out of which 5,779 (38.7%) had children under the age of 18 living in them. 2,109 households (14.1%) were made up of individuals and 871 (5.8%) had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.32.  There were 11,705 families (78.3% of all households); the average family size was 3.56.

|}

## Notable people 
*Terry Alderete, businesswoman
*Bayley, professional wrestler
*Larry Bettencourt, NFL player for the Green Bay Packers, MLB player for the St. Louis Browns
*Paul Bostaph, drummer
*Rollie Fingers, MLB Hall of Fame relief pitcher
*Steven J. Lopes,  Bishop of the Personal Ordinariate of the Chair of Saint Peter
*Rocky Pamplin, former football player, member of the Beach Boys.
*Joe Rudi, MLB player
*Christopher Titus, comedian
*Bill Walsh lived in Newark from 1957–60 while working at Washington High School in Fremont.

## References
Niranjan Bhagat

**Niranjan Bhagat** (18 April 1926 &ndash; 1 February 2018) was an Indian poet and commentator. He was born in Ahmedabad, India. Bhagat won the 1999 Sahitya Akademi Award for Gujarati language for his work *Gujarati Sahiyta-Purvardha Uttarardha*. He was also an English poet, and had written over a hundred poems in English, most being written in the style of *Gitanjali*.

Bhagat died of a stroke on 1 February 2018 in Ahmedabad at the age of 91.

## References
Eddie Shaw

**Eddie Shaw** (March 20, 1937 &ndash; January 29, 2018) was an American Chicago blues tenor saxophonist, arranger and bandleader. He was born in Stringtown, Mississippi. He led Howlin' Wolf's band, the Wolf Gang, from 1972, both before Wolf's death in 1976.

In 2013 and 2014, Shaw won the Blues Music Award in the category Instrumentalist – Horn.

Shaw died on January 29, 2018 in Chicago of natural causes, aged 80.

## Discography
*1982: ''Movin' and Groovin' Man* (Evidence)
*1986: *King of the Road* (Rooster Blues)
*1992: *In the Land of the Crossroads* (Rooster Blues)
*1995: *Home Alone* (Wolf)
*1996: *The Blues Is Nothing but Good News!* (Wolf)
*1997: *Can't Stop Now* (Delmark)
*1999: *Too Many Highways*, recorded 1996 (Wolf)
*2005: *Give Me Time* (Wolf)
*2012: *Still Riding High'', Eddie Shaw and the 757 Allstars

## References
Olavi Mäenpää

**Olavi Juhani Mäenpää** (29 November 1950 Tyrvää – 31 January 2018 Turku) was a Finnish politician. He was the former chairman of Finnish People's Blue-whites (*Suomen Kansan Sinivalkoiset, SKS*), a political party aligned with the far right. He was a member of the city council of Turku, his home city, since 1992 until he lost his seat in the elections in 2017.

## References
Terry Van Ginderen

in the sixties]]
**Esther Van Ginderen-Verbeeck**, also known as **Aunt Terry** (8 September 1931 – 30 January 2018) was a Flemish television presenter and businesswoman. She was born in Hoboken, Antwerp. From 1989, when she founded VTM she worked for this channel, again for children's programs.

Van Ginderen died of pneumonia on 30 January 2018 in Bonheiden, Antwerp at the age of 86.

## References
Rasual Butler

**Rasual Butler** (May 23, 1979 – January 31, 2018) was an American professional basketball player. He played for the Miami Heat, New Orleans Hornets, Los Angeles Clippers, Chicago Bulls, Toronto Raptors, Indiana Pacers, Washington Wizards and San Antonio Spurs. He was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

On January 31, 2018, Butler and his girlfriend Leah LaBelle were both killed in a car accident in Los Angeles, California. He was 38 years old.

## References
## Other websites
*
Oscar Gamble

**Oscar Charles Gamble** (December 20, 1949 – January 31, 2018) was an American professional baseball player. He was born in Ramer, Arkansas. Gamble played as an outfielder and designated hitter in Major League Baseball from 1969 to 1985. He played for seven different teams: the Chicago White Sox and New York Yankees on two separate occasions, as well as the Chicago Cubs, Philadelphia Phillies, Cleveland Indians, San Diego Padres, and Texas Rangers.

Gamble died on January 31, 2018 in Birmingham, Alabama of jaw cancer at the age of 68.

## References
Haim Gouri

**Haim Gouri**  (; October 9, 1923 – January 31, 2018) was an Israeli poet, novelist, journalist, and  documentary filmmaker. He was born in Tel Aviv. In 1975, he won the Bialik Prize for literature and in 1988, he won the Israel Prize for Hebrew poetry.

Gouri died in Jerusalem on January 31, 2018 at the age of 94.

## References
Leonid Kadeniuk

**Leonid Kostyantynovych Kadenyuk** (, 28 January 1951&nbsp;– 31 January 2018) was a Ukrainian astronaut. He was the first astronaut of independent Ukraine. He flew on NASA's Space Shuttle Columbia in 1997 as part of the international mission STS-87. Kadeniuk held the rank of Major General in the Ukrainian Air Force. He was born in Klishkivtsi, Chernivtsi Oblast.

Kadeniuk died on 31 January 2018, three days after turning 67 in Kyiv.

## References
Su Bai

**Su Bai** (; 3 August 1922 – 1 February 2018) was a Chinese archaeologist. He was born in Shenyang, Liaoning Province. He served as the first head of the Department of Archaeology of Peking University from 1983 to 1988. He was known for his pioneering research in the archaeology of Buddhism. He won the Lifetime Achievement Award from the Chinese Archaeology Society in 2016.

## References
Sanskrit cinema

** Sanskrit cinema ** refers to the Sanskrit Film industry in India.

## History 
*Adi Shankaracharya* was the first Sanskrit feature film. It was made in 1983, produced by National Film Development Corporation of India and directed by G.V. Iyer.

The second Sanskrit film, *Bhagavad Gita*, was made in 1992 by G.V. Iyer. 

*Priyamanasam*, the third Sanskrit movie, is based on the life of 17th century Keralite poet Unnayi Warrier. The movie was directed by award winning director Vinod Mankara.

*Ishti* was a Sanskrit socialist film released in 2015 and made by G. Prabh.

*Anurakthi* was the first Sanskrit 3D film, released in 2018.

## Notable Sanskrit movies 
* Adi Shankaracharya (1983)
* Bhagavad Gita (1992)
* Priyamanasam (2015)
* Ishti (2015)
* Suryakantha (2017)
* Anurakthi (2018)
* Punyakoti (2018)
* Madhurasmitham (2019)

## Related pages
* Bollywood ("Indian Hollywood" - Hindi, Urdu and Marathi cinema)
* Lollywood (Pakistani cinema)
* Mollywood (Malayalam cinema)
* Tollywood (Telugu cinema)
* Hollywood

## References
Voot

**Voot**, Launched in March 2016, from the digital arms of Viacom 18. It's Viacom 18's advertising-led-video-on-demand platform. That is available as an app for iOS and Android Users, and a website for desktop consumption.

Voot is available only in India. And hosts over 40,000 hours of video content that includes shows from channels like, MTV India, Nickelodeon, Colors TV. Content is also available in multi languages like, Kannada,Marathi, Bengali,Gujarati and Tamil.

## Related pages
* MTV
* Nickelodeon
* Colors Bangla
* Pogo TV
* Cartoon Network
* Colors TV

## References
## Other websites
* Owner Website 
* Official Website 
*
List of programmes broadcast by Zee TV

The following list is a programming originally broadcast by Zee TV, a television channel in India.

## Currently broadcast
### Drama series
### Reality show
## Formerly broadcast
### Drama
* Aisi Deewangi Dekhi Nahi Kahi
* Detective Didi
* Bhootu
* Do Saheliyaan... Kismat Ki Kathputaliyaan
* Woh Apna Sa
* Piyaa Albela
* Jeet Gayi Toh Piya Morey
*Zindagi Ki Mehek
*Bhagya Lakshmi
**Aap Ke Aa Jane Se*
* *Guddan Tumse Na Ho Payega*
**Ishq Subhan Allah*
**Manmohini
**Raja Beta* 
**Tujhse Hai Raabta*
**Yeh Teri Galiyan*
**Jodha Akbar*
**Pavithra Rishtha''

### Reality show
*Dance India Dance Battle Of The Champions

## Related pages
* List of programs broadcast by Sony SAB
* List of programs broadcast by StarPlus
* List of programs broadcast by Cartoon Network

## References
Mimathyma ambica

***Mimathyma ambica***, the **Indian purple emperor**, is a species of nymphalid butterfly in Asia.

## References
Katpana Desert

The **Katpana Desert** at Skardu, Gilgit-Baltistan in Pakistan, this desert is also known as the "Cold Desert".

There are Sand dunes in Skardu around the Indus river. This desert stretches from the Khaplu Valley to Nubra Ladakh and Shigar Skardu Valley to Zanskar, Occupied Kashmir, but the largest desert area is found in Skardu and Shigar valley. Locally called Biama Nakpo , biama thang and Katpana biama, the Katpana Desert is located near Skardu Airport while Shigar desert is located on the way to Shigar valley.

## References
Institut supérieur de l'automobile et des transports

'''Institut supérieur de l'automobile et des transports'* is an engineering graduate school in France. It is in a campus of the University of Burgundy (Center France). It is the only French public school specialized in automotive engineering.

Its different curricula lead to the following French & European degrees :
* *Ingénieur IP Paris'' (IP Paris Graduate engineer Masters level program)
* Master of Science

Academic activities and industrial applied research are performed mainly in French and English languages. Students from a dozen of nationalities participate to the different curricula at ISAT.

## Research labs 
Research activities at Institut supérieur de l'automobile et des transports relate to the following topics:
* Energy, Propulsion and Environment
* Intelligent Vehicles
* Durability and Composite Structures
* Vibrations & Transport Acoustics.

## References 
## Further reading 
* Official website
Édouard Ferrand

**Édouard Ferrand** (25 April 1965 &ndash; 1 February 2018) was a French politician. He was born in Lyon, France. He was a member of National Front. He was a *Front National* MEP and regional councillor in Burgundy. He was elected to the European Parliament in May 2014.

Ferrand died on 1 February 2018 in Paris of cancer at the age of 52.

## References
Ole Thestrup

**Ole Svane Thestrup** (12 March 1948 – 2 February 2018) was a Danish actor. He appeared in many Danish movies, mainly by those directed by Anders Thomas Jensen. He had a recurring role in the political drama series *Borgen*. He was born in Nibe, Denmark.

Thestrup's early television roles included the comedy series *Een stor familie* (1982–1983) and the 1986 Christmas calendar show *Jul på Slottet*. He retired in April 2017.

Suffering from alcoholism, Thestrup was arrested and later imprisoned in Canada for boarding a plane drunk.

Thestrup died on 2 February 2018, in his home in Tuse Næs, Denmark from lung cancer at the age of 69.

## References
## Other websites
*
Yukiaki Okabe

was a Japanese freestyle swimmer. He was part of the Japanese teams that set a world record in 1963. Okabe won an Olympic bronze medal in 1964 in the 4 × 200 m freestyle relay. In 1964 he also finished fourth in the 4 × 100 m freestyle relay and fifth in the 4 × 100 m medley relay.

Okabe died of pneumonia in Tokyo on January 26, 2018 at the age of 76.

## References
Rolf Schafstall

'''Rudolf 'Rolf' Schafstall''' (22 February 1937 &ndash; 30 January 2018) was a German football coach and a player. He played for Hamborn 07 from 1950 to 1963 and for Reutlingen 05 from 1963 to 1969. He coached MSV Duisburg, VfL Bochum, and Bayer 05 Uerdingen. He was born in Duisburg, Germany.

Schafstall died on 30 January 2018 in Krefeld, Germany at the age of 80.

## References
Erwin de Vries

**Erwin de Vries** (December 21, 1929 &ndash; January 31, 2018) was a Surinamese painter and sculptor. He was born in Paramaribo. His work had been displayed at the Stedelijk Museum and the Nationaal Monument Slavernijverleden in Amsterdam.  De Vries also exhibited a great deal in Jamaica.

De Vries died in Paramaribo of respiratory failure on January 31, 2018 at the age of 88.

## References
## Other websites
*
Wood-Ridge, New Jersey

**Wood-Ridge** is a borough in Bergen County, New Jersey, United States. As of the 2020 United States Census, the borough's population was 10,137.

Wood-Ridge was incorporated as a borough by an act of the New Jersey Legislature on December 6, 1894.

## References
Joanne (song)

"**Joanne**" is a song recorded by American singer-songwriter Lady Gaga.  It is taken from her fifth studio album of the same name.  The song is a folk-pop song that discusses the death of Gaga's aunt, her father's sister, who died from lupus in 1974, before Gaga was born. Joanne is also Gaga's middle name.

A slower, piano version of the song was released on January 26, 2018, and renamed "'''Joanne (Where Do You Think You're Goin'?)'*".  Gaga performed this version along with "Million Reasons" at the 60th Grammy Awards on January 28, 2018, where she was nominated for Best Pop Vocal Album for *Joanne* and Best Pop Solo Performance for "Million Reasons".

The piano version won the award for Best Pop Solo Performance at the 2019 (61st) Grammy Awards.

## Notes 
* Credits taken from iTunes digital booklet of *Joanne''.

## References
Roveredo, Graubünden

**Roveredo** is a municipality of the district Moesa in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland.

## References 
## Other websites