open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Pierrefort

**Pierrefort** (; Auvergnat: *Pèirafòrt*) is a commune in the département of Cantal and Auvergne region in south-central France.

## References
Holtville, California

**Holtville** (formerly, **Holton**) is a city in Imperial County, California. The population was 5,939 at the 2020 census.

## References
Herblay-sur-Seine

]]

**Herblay-sur-Seine** is a commune. It is in Île-de-France in the Val-d'Oise department in north-central France. In 2019, 31,314 people lived there.

The commune is in the northwestern suburbs of Paris,  from the center.
Gloria Negrete McLeod

**Gloria Negrete McLeod** (born September 6, 1941) is an American politician. She was the United States representative for  from 2013 to 2015. She was a California state senator, representing the 32nd district, from December 2006 until her election to Congress. She was in the California State Assembly from 2000 to 2006.

In February 2014, she announced her plans not to run for re-election, and instead to run for the San Bernardino County Board of Supervisors.  Negrete McLeod lost the November election to Republican state Assemblyman Curt Hagman.

## References
Grass carp

The **grass carp** (*Ctenopharyngodon idella*) is a very big herbivorous and freshwater fish species of the family Cyprinidae. It is from east Asia native to eastern Asia. It was originally found from northern Vietnam to the Amur River on the Siberia-China border. This Asian carp is the only species of the genus ***Ctenopharyngodon***.

It is used in China for food. It was introduced in Europe and the United States to help weed control underwater. This species of fish has the biggest production in aquaculture in the world. Over five million tonnes per year are sold.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Species Profile - Grass Carp (*Ctenopharyngodon idella*), National Invasive Species Information Center, United States National Agricultural Library. Lists general information and resources for Grass Carp.
*
La Chenalotte

**La Chenalotte** is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France.

## References
Les Premiers-Sapins

**Les Premiers-Sapins** is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. The municipality was created on 1 January 2016 and consists of the former communes of Nods (the seat), Athose, Chasnans, Hautepierre-le-Châtelet, Rantechaux and Vanclans.

## References
Nods, Doubs

**Nods** is a former commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. It is the seat of the new commune of Les Premiers-Sapins.

On 1 January 2016, it was merged into the new commune of Les Premiers-Sapins.

## References
Khanates of the Caucasus

between 1795 and 1801]]
The **khanates of the Caucasus**, also known as the **Azerbaijani khanates**, **Persian khanates**. or **Iranian khanates**, were various provinces and principalities established by Persia (Iran) on their territories in the Caucasus (modern-day Azerbaijan Republic, Armenia, Georgia and Dagestan) from the late Safavid to the Qajar dynasty.

The Khanates were mostly ruled by Khans of Turkic (Azerbaijani) origin and were vassals and subjects of the Iranian Shah (English: *King*). The khans neither had territorial or religious unity, nor an ethnic/national identity. They were mostly interested in preserving their positions and income.

## References
Le Gratteris

**Le Gratteris** is a commune in the Doubs department. It is in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region in eastern France.

## Population
## Related pages
* Communes of the Doubs department

## References
National Bureau of Statistics of China

The **National Bureau of Statistics** (), abbreviated as **NBS**, is the main agency of the People's Republic of China that works with statistics about the  economy and population of China. Ning Jizhe has been in charge of the bureau since 2016.

## Responsibilities 
The bureau's authority and responsibilities are listed in ''China's Statistics Law''. It is responsible for the research of the nation's overall statistics. It is also in charge of the actions of local agencies that also work with statistics.

### Commissioner 
The current commissioner is Ning Jizhe. He became commissioner in February 2016.
*Xue Muqiao (August 1952 – November 1958)
*Jia Qiyun (November 1958 – June 1961)
*Wang Sihua (June 1961 – December 1969)
*Chen Xian (September 1974 – October 1981)
*Li Chengrui (October 1981 – May 1984)
*Zhang Sai (May 1984 – February 1997)
*Liu Hong (February 1997 – June 2000)
*Zhu Zhixin (June 2000 – March 2003)
*Li Deshui (March 2003 – March 2006)
*Qiu Xiaohua (March 2006 – October 2006)
*Xie Fuzhan (October 2006 – September 2008)
*Ma Jiantang (September 2008 – April 2015)
*Wang Bao'an (April 2015 – January 2016)
*Ning Jizhe (February 2016 – present)

## References 
## Other websites 
* 
* 
* National Data, open national data repository of China.
*THE STATUS QUO AND ISSUES OF R&D STATISTICS IN CHINA
Marchaux-Chaudefontaine

**Marchaux-Chaudefontaine** is a commune in the department of Doubs, eastern France. The municipality was established on 1 January 2018. It merged the two communes of Marchaux (the seat) and Chaudefontaine.

## Related pages 
*Communes of the Doubs department

## References
Ammameh Castle

**Ammameh Castle** () is a historical castle located in Shemiranat County, Tehran Province, Iran. The history of this castle goes back to the times of Ziyarid dynasty. 

## References
Qajars (tribe)

The **Qajars**, (Self-Designation: Qaçarlar, also spelled **Kadjars**, **Kajars**, **Kadzhars**, **Cadzhars**, **Cadjars**, **Ghajars**, etc.) are an Oghuz Turkic clan of Bayat tribe. who lived variously, with other tribes, in the area that is now Armenia, Azerbaijan and northwestern Iran.

With the end of the Safavid era, they had split into several fractions. These included the Ziyādoghlu (Ziādlu), associated with the area of Ganja and Yerevan, as well as the Qoyunlu (Qāvānlu), and Davālu (Devehlu) the latter two associated with the northern areas of contemporary Iran.
## Background 
The Qajars were one of the original Turkoman Qizilbash tribes that emerged and spread in Asia Minor around tenth and eleventh centuries. They later supplied power to the Safavids since this dynasty's earliest days. Numerous members of the Qajar tribe held prominent ranks in the Safavid state. 

In 1794, a Qajar chieftain, Agha Mohammed, member of the Qoyunlu branch of the Qajars, founded the Qajar dynasty which replaced the Zand dynasty in Iran. He launched his campaign from his power base south of the Caspian Sea, capturing its capital Isfahan in 1785. A year later, Tehran accepted Mohammed's authority.

## Sources
Losheim am See

**Losheim am See** is a municipality in Merzig-Wadern, in Saarland, Germany.

## References 
## Other websites 
*
Grand'Combe-Châteleu

**Grand&#39;Combe-Châteleu** is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France.

## References
Austro-Hungarian Navy

The **Austro-Hungarian Navy**, also known as the **k.u.k Kriegsmarine** (*Royal and Imperial Navy*) was the navy of the Austro-Hungarian Empire from 1867 until the end of World War I.

After the end of the War, the Austro-Hungarians transferred their ships to the Royal Yugoslav Navy, so that the Allied Nations would not keep these ships.

## References 
## Other websites 
* The Genesis of the Austrian Navy - A Chronology
* Antique Photography & Postcards of Austro-Hungarian army 1866-1918
Clube de Autores

**Clube de Autores** (founded in 2009) is a major self-publishing platform in Latin America, with a main focus on the Brazilian market. It is headquartered in Joinville, Santa Catarina, Brazil.

Clube de Autores claims to publish about 10% of the books in Brazil.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Official website
Black Tortoise

The **Black Tortoise** () is one of the Four Symbols of the Chinese constellations. It is usually shown as a tortoise with a snake. The name  that is used in East Asian languages do not actually mention both of the animals. It is also called the "**Black Warrior**" for a better translation. It is called **Xuanwu** in Chinese.

## Related pages 
* Ao - the great turtle of early Chinese mythology
* Bixi - the son of the Dragon King who supports Chinese stelæ
* Cetus in Chinese astronomy - Cetus and Black Tortoise correspond on astrology, and both creatures possess affinities to waters and travel to underworlds to guide people
* *Fushigi Yûgi: Genbu Kaiden*

## References 
## Other websites 
* "Star Charts and Moon Stations"
* The Black Tortoise of the North
Pambai

**Pambai** (Tamil: பம்பை) is a local musical instrument of Tamil Nadu, South India. It looks a lot like a drum.

It is commonly used in festivals and folk music of various temples in the state. Traditionally, it is used in rural rituals to worship local gods at their shrines. It is also prevalent in a small community in the southern part of Andhra Pradesh outside Tamil Nadu. Pambai is also played at the traditional fair Nayandi Melam. 

File:A_Pambai.JPG|Pambai (single)
File:A close-up of Pambai.JPG|Close up
File:A close-up of Pambai 1.JPG|Close up

## Types and uses 
Pambai is played by tying two Damru-shaped drums together. The instrument of two drums is placed near the player's waist or on the floor. They are beaten with sticks or with hands and sticks. Pambai players are called 'Pambaikaran' in Tamil Nadu and 'Pambala' in Andhra Pradesh. There are two types of drums based on the material used to make them. Among the simplest varieties, the pambai of both wooden drums is known as 'Bhiru Vanam'. One is made of wood and the other is made of brass or metal. In the early days, it was made of metal such as bronze and brass, but now it is also used in metal such as iron (galvanized) plate.

It is commonly used in wedding, festivals, religious ceremony and folk music of various temples in Tamil Nadu. The instrument is also used as a background instrument for folk games such as satire, karagam, kavadi, poikkal kudirai etc. Angalaparameswari sings folk songs to the tune of pamaba at folk temple festivals such as Shakti Karagam Invitation.

A tamil pambai consists of two percussion instruments, two tambourines, two pumps, an urn, a snare drum, and a hammer.

File:Dance_musicians,Karakattam,TamilNadu355.jpeg|Pambai
File:A_video_on_Tamil_Karakattam.ogv

## References
* *South Asia : The Indian Subcontinent*. (Garland Encyclopedia of World Music, Volume 5). Routledge; Har/Com edition (November 1999). 
* Bigamudre Chaitanya Deva: *Musical Instruments.* National Book Trust, Neu-Delhi 1977, S. 35
* Stichwort: *Pambai.* In: Late Pandit Nikhil Ghosh (Hrsg.): *The Oxford Encyclopaedia of the Music of India. Saṅgīt Mahābhāratī.* Vol. 3 (P–Z) Oxford University Press, Neu-Delhi 2011, S. 788

## Other websites
*
Radhika Pandit

**Radhika Pandit** is an Indian former actress who established her career in Kannada films industry. Brought up in Bengaluru, Radhika began her career by appearing in television soaps such as *Nandagokula*, *Kaadambari*, and *Sumangali*. 

Radhika made her film debut with the film *Moggina Manasu* (2008), for which she won the Filmfare Award for Best Actress and the Karnataka State Film Awards. She then went on to star in films like *Olave Jeevana Lekkachaara* (2009), *Krishnan Love Story* (2010), *Hudugaru* (2011), *Addhuri* (2012) and *Mr. And Mrs. Ramachari* (2014).

## Early life
Radhika Pandit was born and brought up in Bengaluru, Karnataka. She belongs to a Goan Konkani family. Her father was a stage and film personality, and her mother was a homemaker. She studied at Cluny Convent High School in Malleswaram and later joined Mount Carmel College, Bengaluru. Radhika wanted to become a teacher and she earned a Bachelor of Commerce (B.Com) degree.

While she was studying, Radhika was offered roles in television. Her interest in acting grew, and she decided to continue working in the entertainment industry.

## Personal life
Radhika Pandit is married to popular Kannada actor Yash, who is known for the KGF film series. They got engaged in August 2016 and were married in December 2016 in a private ceremony. The couple has two children, a daughter named Ayra and a son named Yatharv.

Radhika and Yash are one of the most loved celebrity couples in Karnataka. After becoming a mother, Radhika took a break from acting and is now focusing on her family life. She is also active on social media and often shares family moments with her fans.

## Sources
Yash

**Naveen Kumar Gowda**, popularly known by his screen name **Yash**, is one of the highest paid and most soughtest stars of the Kannada film industry.

## Career
He started his career by acting in few Television serials like *Gokula*, *Malebillu*, and *Preeti Illada Mele*. In 2007, Yash made his on-screen debut with *Jambada Hudugi*. He won the Filmfare Award for the Best Supporting Actor for his next outing *Moggina Manasu* which was well received both by the audience and critics.

## Sources
Pragathi Guruprasad

**Pragathi Guruprasad** is a Singaporean-born American singer who has worked in Tamil language movies. She was born in Fremont, California. She finished as a runner-up in the third season of the reality-based singing competition ***Airtel Super Singer Junior*** in 2012.
## Discography
## Other websites
## References
Kriti Kharbanda

**Kriti Kharbanda** is an Indian actress and model known for her role in Kannada, Hindi and Telugu movie industries. Kharbanda made her acting debut with the telegu action movie called *Boni* in 2009. She is better known for her performances in successful movies including *Googly* (2013), *Raaz: Reboot* (2016) and *Shaadi Mein Zaroor Aana* (2017).

## Sources
Rashi Khanna

**Raashi Khanna** is an on-screen Indian actress and model who mainly works in Bollywood and the Telugu film industry. Raashi began her vocation with the Hindi movie *Madras Cafe* (2013) and subsequently made her debut as a female lead in Telugu with *Oohalu Gusagusalade* (2014). Later, She was seen in the many commercially successful movies such as *Bengal Tiger* (2015), *Supreme* (2016), *Hyper* (2016), *Jai Lava Kusa* (2017), *Villain* (2017), *Oxygen* (2017), *Tholi Prema* (2018) and *Adanga Maru* (2018).

## Sources
Le Bizot

**Le Bizot** is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France.

## References
Isthmohyla xanthosticta

The **south fork tree frog** (*Isthmohyla xanthosticta*) is a frog that lives in Costa Rica. Scientists have seen it 2100 meters above sea level.  They have seen it in only one place: Volcan Barba in Heredia Province.

## References
Dilip Joshi

**Dilip Joshi**, popularly known for his role of **Jethalal Gada** in the Indian sitcom *Taarak Mehta Ka Ooltah Chashmah*, is an Indian television and film actor. He has appeared in many serials as well as movies. He started his career by playing a supporting roles in Bollywood movies, but still he is widely known for his comic performances. Joshi has featured in films such as *Maine Pyar Kiya* (1989), *Hum Aapke Hain Kaun* (1994), *Khiladi 420* (2000), and *One 2 ka 4* (2001).

## Sources
2003 Casablanca bombings

The **2003 Casablanca bombings** were multiple suicide bombings on May 16, 2003, in Casablanca, Morocco. The attacks were the deadliest terrorist attacks in Morocco. Forty-five people were killed in the attacks (33 victims and 12 suicide bombers). The suicide bombers came from the shanty towns in the poor suburb of Casablanca.

## References
Marinid Sultanate

The **Marinid Sultanate** was a Berber empire from the mid-13th to the 15th century in modern Morocco and other parts of North Africa. It was named after the **Banu Marin** (, Berber: *Ayt Mrin*), a Zenata Berber tribe. The sultanate was ruled by the **Marinid dynasty** ( ), founded by Abd al-Haqq I. 

## References
Adobe Premiere Pro

**Adobe Premiere Pro CC** (CC stands for Creative Cloud) is a video editing software. It was created by Adobe Inc. The software was first released in 2003. Premiere Pro lets users edit videos. For example, words can be added to the video or the speed of the video can be changed. The software is based on Adobe Premiere.

The original Adobe Premiere was released in 1991. It was replaced by Premiere Pro in 2002 as part of Adobe's change to Creative Cloud.

Adobe Premiere Elements was released in 2013 as a simpler version of Premiere Pro. It is easier to learn and good for beginner editors.

## Features 
Premiere Pro lets users add effects to videos and images. Users can remove certain colors from the video. This is called chroma keying. Premiere Pro can edit videos at up to 32,768 x 32,768 pixels. Keyframing is a feature that makes effects change over time. For example, making a video move to a different place or make the video smaller over time.

### Editing 
When editing in Premiere Pro, the user can import video, audio and images, and use the software to create new, edited versions of videos which can be exported to the users files directly using Adobe Media Encoder. When creating videos in Premiere Pro, different videos, images and sounds can be edited together. Text can be added, and the user can change the font, size, and color of the text. Filters can be added to videos, images, and audio.

#### Keyframing 
Keyframing is making a starting and ending point in an animation. Premiere Pro uses Keyframe interpolation to fill in the points in between the two keyframes.

## Reception 
Upon release, Premiere Pro was used to make many movies. Premiere Pro is very liked and is considered by some to be the best editing software of all time, rated 4.5/5 by PCMag. Some people think it is too complex, and because it costs  a month. and Avatar. Premiere Pro was also used to edit *Act of Valor*, ''A Liar's Autobiography: The Untrue Story of Monty Python's Graham Chapman,* *Superman Returns, Terminator: Dark Fate,* *Dust to Glory* and *Sharknado 2.''

## References 
## Other websites 
*
Arshad Warsi

**Arshad Warsi** is an Indian actor, who appears mainly in Hindi films. His Bollywood debut came with the romantic drama *Tere Mere Sapne* (1996), which movie he got his first offer to act in Amitabh Bachchan's first production. Over the next six years Arshad starred in several more films, but most of them failed to do well at the box office until 2003 when he starred in the comedy film *Munna Bhai M.B.B.S.*, which was a huge success at the box office and garnered him critical acclaim and nominated for a Filmfare Award for Best Supporting Actor. He has since appeared in several successful films like *Maine Pyaar Kyun Kiya?* (2005), *Salaam Namaste* (2005), *Golmaal: Fun Unlimited* (2006), *Kabul Express* (2006), *Lage Raho Munna Bhai* (2006), *Dhamaal* (2007), *Golmaal Returns* (2008) etc.

## Sources
Ptolemy of Mauretania

**Ptolemy of Mauretania** (, *Ptolemaîos*; ) was the last Roman ruler of Mauretania for Rome. He was a member of the Berber Massyles tribe of Numidia, he was also a member of Egypt's Ptolemaic dynasty.

## References
Spanish protectorate in Morocco

The **Spanish protectorate in Morocco** was established on 27 November 1912 by a treaty between France and Spain that made the Spanish-influenced part in Morocco into a formal protectorate.

## References
Operation Linda Nchi

**Operation Linda Nchi** (; "Protect the Country") was a military operation in Kenya. In it, the Kenya Defence Forces were sent into southern Somalia in 2011-2012.  They were sent to fight Al-Shabaab insurgents .The Kenyan government said that the operation was done in 2012. After this, its forces joined AMISOM in Somalia.

Some people think that the Kenyan government wanted to make a buffer zone between Al-Shabaab in southern Somalia and Kenya. People also think that Kenya also probably wanted to be seen as a partner with the United States.

## Notes
## References
## Further reading 
* Williams, Paul, "Fighting for Peace in Somalia: A History and Analysis of the African Union Mission (AMISOM)", 2007–2017. Oxford University Press, 2018.
Tangier International Zone

The **Tangier International Zone** ( *Minṭaqat Ṭanja ad-Dawliyya*, , ) was an international zone in the city of Tangier, Morocco, which existed from 1924 until 1956. It was surrounded by the Spanish protectorate in Morocco.

## History 
In 1904, Morocco got divided into three areas controlled by different countries: one by France, one by Spain, and a part called Tangier was made into a special zone. This idea of making Tangier an international zone started because of something called "capitulations." These were agreements that Morocco's rulers, like the sultans, made with foreigners to promise religious freedom and legal protection. Spain had a big say in this plan because it wanted control over parts of Morocco's coast. France and Great Britain also wanted Tangier to stay neutral during wars.

However, Tangier didn't become an international zone until 1923. At that time, it was officially made a neutral area where no military actions were allowed. It was governed by eight Western countries. From 1923 to 1956, Tangier had a special international status. People from different countries and backgrounds, like French, American, Italian, Spanish, Belgian, English, and Dutch, as well as Arabs, Berbers, and Jews, could live there peacefully.

In 1956 the now independent Morocco annexed Tangier.

## References
Prabhas

**Uppalapati Venkata Suryanarayana Prabhas Raju**([pɾabʱaːs]; born 23 October 1979), known mononymously as **Prabhas**, is an Indian actor who predominantly works in Telugu cinema. He is one of the highest-paid actors in Indian cinema and has been featured in *Forbes India*'s Celebrity 100 list since 2015. Referred to in the media as the "Rebel Star", he has appeared in over 20 films, and has received seven Filmfare Awards nominations, a Nandi Award, and a SIIMA Award.

Prabhas made his acting debut with the drama *Eeswar* (2002), and later attained his breakthrough with the action romance *Varsham* (2004). He went on to star in other commercially successful films such as *Chatrapathi*(2005), *Bujjigadu* (2008), *Billa*(2009), *Darling* (2010), *Mr. Perfect*(2011), and *Mirchi* (2013), winning the Nandi Award for Best Actor for his performance in the lattermost.He went on to play a dual role in the epic action duology *Baahubali: The Beginning* (2015) and *Baahubali 2: The Conclusion* (2017), with the latter emerging as the highest-grossing Indian film at that point, establishing Prabhas as the first pan-Indian star. He achieved further box office success with the action thriller *Saaho* (2019), the action drama *Salaar: Part 1 – Ceasefire* (2023), and the science fiction film *Kalki 2898 AD*(2024).

Prabhas is the only Indian actor to have six films with a worldwide gross opening of over ₹100 crore. He is also the only South Indian actor with six films that have crossed the ₹100 crore nett mark in the Hindi market. Furthermore, Prabhas is the first Indian actor to have a film gross over ₹1000 crore worldwide. Additionally, Prabhas is the first South Indian actor to receive a wax sculpture at a Madame Tussaud's museum. 

## Sources
Video editing software

A **video editing software**, also called a **video editor**, is software (a program) that allows users to edit videos and images. Popular video editing softwares include Sony Vegas, Adobe Premiere Pro, and DaVinci Resolve.

Video editing software can be used to change the time when a video is played or to cut videos into many parts. It can also be used to put music and sounds at the same time as the video.

When the person editing the video is done, the software can export the file— to change it into a video file.

## Parts of a video editing software 
### Timeline 
A video editor has many parts. There is a part which is called the timeline. This part is used to move the videos, sounds, and pictures into different parts.

Other than videos, sounds, and pictures, a person can add writing on the video, using a text clip. This writing can be used as the title of the video, or as the credits at the end of the video.

When you go to the right side of the timeline, the video moves forward, but when you go to the left side, the video moves backwards.

Videos can be added above and below another video. This lets you play two videos together at the same time.

The timeline can be used to add a fade effect. This will make a video turn into another video smoothly. Without the fade effect, videos will change suddenly.

### Visual effects 
. It is commonly done with a green screen, which is the green wall in the top picture. In the real world, the man is in front of the green screen, but the video editor puts him in a building]]

The video editor can be used to add visual effects. A visual effect is something not real that looks real. For example, there is a green wall behind a man. The video editor can take the man out of the green wall, and make the man look like he is inside another place.

### Color editing 
A video editing software can be used to edit the colors of a video. This can make the video look more good. For example, the colors can be made bright or dark.

## Hardware needs 
To use video editing software, a strong computer is needed, but sometimes it is possible to use a weak computer.

A video uses a lot of capacity, so a big hard disk or solid-state drive needs to be used to put the video. If the capacity is not big enough, the video will not fit.

## Common video editing software 
Many companies make video editing software.

Here are a few examples:
 is a video editor]]

* Sony Vegas
* Blender (program)
* iMovie
* Kdenlive
* Windows Movie Maker
* DaVinci Resolve

## Related pages 
* Video editing

## References
Eduardo de Castro

**Eduardo de Castro González** (born 3 March 1957) is a Spanish public servant and politician who is the Mayor-President of the Spanish exclave of Melilla. He has been a member of the Assembly of Melilla since 2015.

## References
Philip Jeck

**Philip Jeck** (15 November 1952 – 25 March 2022) was an English composer and multimedia artist. He was best known for his use of looping devices and both analogue and digital effects. He worked for Touch Records.

## References
Antonios Naguib

**Antonios I Naguib** (in Arabic أنطونيوس الأول نجيب; 18 March 1935 – 28 March 2022) was an Egyptian cardinal. He was the Coptic Catholic Patriarch emeritus of Alexandria from 2006 until 2013. He was also the Bishop of Minya from 1977 until 2002.

Naguib died on 28 March 2022 in Cairo, Egypt at the age of 87.

## References
Manhattan, Illinois

**Manhattan** is a village in Will County, Illinois. The population was 9,385 at the time of the 2020 census. It is about 50 miles (80&nbsp;km) southwest of Chicago.

## References
Johnny Lever

**John Prakash Rao Janumala**, better known as **Johny Lever**, is an Indian actor and comedian, who mainly works in the Hindi cinema industry. Born in a Telugu-Christian family, Johny began his career in 1984. He is a character actor who specializes in the genre of comedy, for which he has received multiple Filmfare Award nominations and awards. He has appeared in a large number of movies including *Baazigar* (1993), *Judaai* (1997), *Deewana Mastana* (1997), *Kuch Kuch Hota Hai* (1998), *Joru Ka Ghulam* (2000) and *Golmaal 3* (2010).

## Sources
Krrish (character)

**Krrish** (whose real name is **Krishna Mehra**) is a superhero who appears in the movie series of the same name.
## Profile
He made his first appearance in *Krrish*, which was the second movie of the series. The character was created by Rakesh Roshan and is portrayed by Hrithik Roshan, who reprises the role in *Krrish 3*, the third movie of the franchise.
## References
Rajpal Yadav

**Rajpal Yadav** is an Indian actor and comedian who is known for his work in Hindi film industry. He has received several awards such as Filmfare, Screen Awards for his specialization in the genre of comedy. 

He started his career in Hindi industry in the mid-1990s, but he first gained popularity when he played the lead role in the thriller movie *Jungle* (2000). Later, Yadav played comedic roles in a number of successful movies such as *Hungama* (2003), *Waqt: The Race Against Time* (2005), *Garam Masala* (2005), *Phir Hera Pheri* (2006) and *Dhol* (2007).

## Sources
Jamui district

**Jamui District** is one of the districts of Bihar, India. The district was formed on 21 February 1991, when it separated from Munger district.

The size of the Jamui District is 3,090 square kilometers.

## References
Standard Algerian Berber

**Tamazight**, or **Standard Algerian Berber**, is the official variety of Berber spoken in Algeria.

## References
Catholic Church in Spain

The **Spanish Catholic Church**, or **Catholic Church in Spain**, is part of the Catholic Church under the Pope in Rome, and the Spanish Episcopal Conference.

## History 
Roman Catholicism in Spain dates back to the Roman Empire, at that time the Iberian Peninsula was known as Hispania. After 410 AD, Spain was taken over by the Visigoths and they brought Arianism to the region.

After the Umayyad conquest of Hispania, there was tensions between the Catholic Church and the Muslim rulers of Al-Andalus.

The Reconquista was the long period of Spanish history by which the Catholics reconquered Spain from Islamic rule. The Spanish Inquisition was created in 1478 to complete the religious purification of the Iberian Peninsula. 

During the Age of Discovery, Spanish missionaries brought Catholicism to parts of the Americas and the Philippines.

## Gallery 

File:Toledo_Cathedral,_from_Plaza_del_Ayuntamiento.jpg|Toledo Cathedral
File:Basílica_de_Santiago_02.JPG|Cathedral of Santiago de Compostela
File:Sagrada Família. Façana del Naixement (cropped).jpg|Sagrada Família

## References
Paresh Rawal

**Paresh Rawal** (born 30 May 1955) is an Indian actor and comedian who primarily known for his works in the Hindi film industry. Paresh made his debut by playing a supporting role in the 1985 film *Arjun*. He has received widespread critical acclaim and won many awards for his performance as Baburao in the ironic comedies *Hera Pheri* series. In 2014 he was awarded the fourth highest civilian award in India, Padma Shri by the Government of India, for his contributions to the entertainment industry. Rawal also received several Filmfare and National awards.

## Sources
Macello

**Macello** is a *comune* in the Metropolitan City of Turin in the region of Piedmont, it is located about  southwest of Turin.

## Notes
Flag of Piedmont

The **flag of Piedmont** is a official symbol of the region of Piedmont in Italy. This flag was adopted on 24 November 1995.

## References
Ziyarid dynasty

**Ziyarid dynasty** () was a historical Iranian dynasty that ruled Tabaristan from the year 931 to 1090. They also ruled parts of present-day western of northern Iran for some time.

## Rulers of the Ziyarid dynasty 
* Mardavij (930–935)
* Vushmgir (935–967)
* Bisutun (967–977)
* Qabus (977–981)
* Buyid occupation (977–997)
* Qabus (997–1012)
* Manuchihr (1012–1031)
* Anushirvan Sharaf al-Ma'ali (1030–1050)
* Keikavus (1050–1087)
* Gilanshah (1087–1090)

## References
Family of Joe Biden

The **Family of Joe Biden** is the immediate family of Joe Biden, the 46th U.S. president. They were first family of the United States from 2021 to 2025.

During his vice presidency, they were also the second family of the United States from 2009 to 2017. The Biden family is of Irish, English, Italian, and French descent.

## Members 
Members of the Biden family consist of:

Joe Biden – President of the United States from 2021 to 2025

Neilia Hunter Biden – First wife of Joe Biden (1942–1972)

Jill Biden – Second wife of Joe Biden, First Lady of the United States from 2021 to 2025

Beau Biden – Eldest son of Joe Biden (1969–2015)

Naomi Christina Biden – Infant daughter of Joe Biden (1971–1972)

Hunter Biden – Second son of Joe Biden (b. 1970)

Ashley Biden – Second daughter of Joe Biden (b. 1981)

### Grandchildren 
List of Joe Biden's grandchildren:

Naomi King Biden – (b. 1993)

Finnegan Biden – (b. 2000)

Maisy Biden – (b. 2001)

Natalie Biden – (b. 2004)

Robert Biden ll – (b. 2006)

Navy Joan Roberts – (born 2018) 

Beau Biden Jr. – (b. 2020)

### Connected members 
Joe Biden Sr. – Father of Joe Biden (1915–2002)

Catherine Finnegan Biden – Mother of Joe Biden (1917–2010)

Valarie Biden Owens – Sister of Joe Biden (b. 1945)

James Brian Biden – Eldest brother of Joe Biden (b. 1949)

Francis W. Biden – Younger brother of Joe Biden (b. 1953)

## References
Naci Erdem

**Naci Erdem** (28 January 1931 – 28 March 2022) was a Turkish footballer and manager. He played as a centre-back. He played for Fenerbahçe between 1953–63. He capped 605 times in Fenerbahçe history and scored 168 goals. He played 34 times for Turkey and he started as captain 3 times. 

## References
Shruti Haasan

**Shruti Haasan** is an Indian actress and singer who predominantly works in the South Indian film industry. She has worked in films across Tamil, Telugu and Hindi languages. Shruti made her debut with *Hey Ram* in 2000. She has appeared in several commercially and critically successful films like *7aum Arivu* (2011), *Yevadu* (2014), *Puli* (2015) and *Welcome Back* (2015) and along the way picked up several awards including three Filmfare Awards, SIIMA Award, CineMAA Award and Asiavision Award.

## Sources
James Vaupel

**James W. Vaupel** (May 2, 1945 – March 27, 2022), was an American scientist. He studied aging research, biodemography, and formal demography.

## References
June Jackson

**Dame Temuranga Batley-Jackson**  (24 August 1939 – 28 March 2022), known as **June Jackson**, was a New Zealand Māori activist and public servant. She was chief executive officer of the Manukau Urban Māori Authority from 1986 to 2009, and a member of the New Zealand Parole Board from 1991 until her death.

Jackson died on 28 March 2022 at the age of 82.

## References
First Family of the United States

The **first family of the United States** is the family of the president of the United States, who is both head of state and government of the United States. Members of the first family consist of the president, the first lady, and any of their children, grandchildren, stepchildren, and in-laws etc.  

Donald Trump, the 47th and current president and his immediate family is the current first family of the United States since January 20, 2025.

## Residence 
The first family is designated to live in the White House as the president's family, as well as for the sake of their protection and safety.

## Protection 
The United States Secret Service is in charge of protecting the first family at all times. As part of their protection, the president, first lady, and other immediate family members are given Secret Service codenames. The use of these codenames of used due to security and safety reasons.
Nana Patekar

**Vishwanath Patekar** (born January 1, 1951), better known as **Nana Patekar**, is an Indian philanthropist, writer, flim actor and film maker, who primarily working in Hindi and Marathi cinema industry. He began his career acting debut in Bollywood with the drama named *Gaman* (1978). In late 1980s, he starring as a gangster in *Parinda* (1989), for which he won the National Film Award and the Filmfare Award for Best Supporting Actor.

Subsequently, Patekar starred in and received critical acclaim for his performance in several commercially successful films of the 1990s, including including *Raju Ban Gaya Gentleman* (1992), *Angaar* (1992), *Tirangaa* (1993), *Krantiveer* (1994), *Agni Sakshi* (1996), *Khamoshi: The Musical* (1996) etc. In the early 2000s, he received praise for his performances in *Shakti: The Power* (2002) and *Apaharan* (2005). For his contribution of the field of arts, Patekar was awarded the Padma Shri award in 2013.

## Sources
Chelsea 7750

***Chelsea 7750*** is a 1913 American silent crime drama movie directed by J. Searle Dawley and is the fourth of the ''Kate Kirby's Cases'' detective stories made in 1913. It stars Henry E. Dixey, Laura Sawyer, House Peters, Martin Faust and was distributed by Paramount Pictures.

## Other websites
* 
*
Rakul Preet Singh

**Rakul Preet Singh** is an Indian actress who mostly works in South Indian film industry. Model-turned-actress Preet made her debut with the Kannada movie *Gilli* (2009), she has appeared in around thirty movies, which includes acting credits in Telugu, Kannada, Tamil and Hindi cinema. She was nominated for Filmfare Awards South in Best Actress Telugu (2014 and 2015). Rakul Preet has won several awards, including the SIIMA Award for Best Actress for her work in the 2016 movie *Nannaku Prematho*, and a CineMAA Award as well.

## Early life
Rakul Preet Singh was born on 10 October 1990 in New Delhi, India, into a Punjabi family. She studied at Army Public School in Dhaula Kuan and later graduated in Mathematics from Jesus and Mary College, University of Delhi. She was an active student and took part in sports and modeling during college.

She started her modeling career while still in college and participated in several pageants. In 2011, she took part in the Femina Miss India pageant and won four titles, including Miss Beautiful Smile.

## Career
Rakul began her acting career in 2009 with the Kannada movie *Gilli*, a remake of the Tamil film *7G Rainbow Colony*. After this, she continued modeling and gradually took more film roles.

Her breakthrough came with Telugu cinema. Films like *Venkatadri Express* (2013) and *Loukyam* (2014) made her a popular face in the Telugu film industry. She was praised for her performance in *Nannaku Prematho* (2016), opposite N. T. Rama Rao Jr.

Rakul also appeared in Tamil films like *Theeran Adhigaaram Ondru* (2017), and made her Bollywood comeback with *Yaariyan* (2014) and later *De De Pyaar De* (2019), where she starred with Ajay Devgan.

She continues to work in multiple languages and is one of the few actresses to find success in both South Indian and Hindi cinema.

## References
## Other websites
* Rakul Preet Singh at IMDb
Openverse

**Openverse** is an open-source search engine for open content. It was made in the WordPress project. It searches Creative Commons licensed and public domain content from many sources. The software is licensed under the MIT License.

Openverse can search content among of 600 million items. A stable version of CC Search appeared in April 2019. Automattic paid to the Creative Commons for the search engine, hired key members of the CC Search team and sponsor their works to the project as part of Five for the Future commitment, which (search engine project) is, at the end of the arrangement, part of a WordPress project, not Automattic. Openverse is the successor to CC Search, developed of its code base. It aims to be a wider open content search engine. They will continue development work and expand features. Starting in December, CC Search users will be redirected to Openverse.

## Search engine sources 
Openverse searches content from many sources like Wikimedia Commons, Europeana and Flickr.

## Related pages 
* Open content

## References 
* Episode 8: The Commons of Images – WP Briefing, podcast episode of Openverse

## Other websites 
* 
* Openverse developer site
* Openverse developer handbook
* Openverse API
* Openverse Git repositories
Corazón guerrero

***Corazón guerrero*** (by its English title: **Daring Heart**) is a Mexican telenovela premiered on March 28, 2022, starring *Alejandra Espinoza* and *Gonzalo García Vivanco*.

It premiered on Las Estrellas, a television network of media conglomerate TelevisaUnivision, and is based on the Argentine telenovela *Valientes*.

## Cast 
### Main 
* Alejandra Espinoza as Mariluz García
* Gonzalo García Vivanco as Jesús Guerrero
* Altair Jarabo as Carlota Ruíz Montalvo
* Oka Giner as Doménica Ruíz
* Christian de la Campa as Samuel Guerrero
* Rodrigo Guirao as Damián Guerrero
* Diego Olivera as Augusto Ruíz Montalvo
* Sabine Moussier as Victoriana Peñalver
* René Casados as Heriberto Villalba
* Josh Gutiérrez as Federico Duarte
* Manuel Ojeda as Abel
* Aleida Núñez as Selena Recuero
* Ana Martín as Conchita García
* Natalia Esperón as Guadalupe García
* Karena Flores as Emma Ruíz
* Sian Chiong as Adrián
* Gabriela Spanic as Elisa

### Recurring 
* Pablo Valentín as Valero
* Rafael del Villar as Gabino Beltrán
* Yekaterina Kiev as Micaela
* Sergio Acosta as Bautista
* Emilio Galván as Saúl
* Luis Lauro as Iker
* Cristian Gamero as Isaías Cabrera
* Pamela Cervantes as Fabiola
* Patricio de Rodas as Rodrigo
* Patricia Maqueo as Belén
* Raúl Ortero as Sergio
* Samantha Vázquez as Lola
* Fernanda Rivas as Renata
* Diego Arancivia as Gus
* Michelle Polanco as Laura

### Guest stars 
* Eduardo Yáñez as Octavio Sánchez

### Uncredited 
* Tanya Vázquez as Briana
* José Luis Duval

## Episodes 
### Notes 
## References 
## Other websites 
*
Voiced dental fricative

The **voiced dental fricative** is a type of consonant. The letter for this sound in the International Phonetic Alphabet is ⟨⟩. The X-SAMPA symbol for this sound is ⟨T⟩. The English language has this sound, and it is the sound represented by the "th" in *these,* *those* and *father.*
Voiceless alveolar lateral fricative

The **voiceless alveolar lateral fricative** is a type of consonant. Some spoken languages use it. The letter for this sound in the International Phonetic Alphabet is  (sometimes called *lesh*). The X-SAMPA symbol for this sound is `K`. The voiceless alveolar lateral fricative is not used in English but is used in Welsh and represented by "ll".

## Approximant
The voiceless alveolar lateral approximant is a rare type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. The letter for this sound in the International Phonetic Alphabet is .

### Features
### Occurrence
## Dental
The voiceless dental lateral fricative is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. It is not in English.

## References
## External links
Ram Pothineni

**Ram Pothineni** is an Indian actor who predominantly appears in Telugu films. Pothineni made his debut in the film industry in 2006 with a commercial hit film *Devadasu*. He has since been seen in lead roles in successful films such as *Ready* (2008), *Maska* (2009), *Kandireega* (2011), *Pendaga Chesko* (2015), *Nenu Sailaja* (2016), *Vunnadhi Okate Zindagi* (2017), *Hello Guru Premakosame* (2018), *iSmart Shankar* (2019) and *Red* (2021) etc.

## Sources
Pranitha Subhash

**Pranitha Subhash** (born 17 October 1992) is an Indian actress and model. She works mainly in South Indian films, including Kannada, Telugu, Tamil and Malayalam movies. She has also acted in Hindi films.

Pranitha was born in Bangalore, Karnataka, India. Her father is a physician and her mother is a gynecologist. She is their only child.
## Career
She began her acting career in 2010 with the Kannada film Porki opposite Darshan. She became more popular after acting in successful films like Baava (2010), Attarintiki Daredi (2013), Massu Engira Masilamani (2015) and Enakku Vaaitha Adimaigal (2017). In 2012, she acted in the Kannada film Bheema Theeradalli, which received critical acclaim.

In 2021, she made her debut in Hindi cinema with the films Hungama 2 and Bhuj: The Pride of India.

## Personal life
Pranitha married businessman Nitin Raju on 30 May 2021.  They have two children. She continues to act in films and is known for her work in Indian cinema.

## Sources 
## Other websites 
* Pranitha Subhash at IMDb
Xeriscaping

**Xeriscaping** is the method of landscaping, or gardening, that decreases or eliminates the requirement for irrigation. 

It is encouraged in areas where fresh water is inaccessible or unreliable. It is gaining favour in other areas as irrigation water becomes scarce. But it is not limited to such places. Xeriscaping could be a good alternative to traditional gardening.

Water-conserving landscaping, drought-tolerant landscaping, and smart scaping are names that are used instead in some locations. The choice of plants with natural requirements that are suited to the local climate is stressed, and special attention is paid to reduce water loss due to evaporation and runoff. However, because this method might be climate-dependent, the precise plants employed in xeriscaping differ.
Jesy Nelson

**Jessica Louise Nelson** (born 14 June 1991), also known as **Jesy Nelson**, is a singer-songwriter from England. She was a member of the girl band Little Mix. She went solo in December 2020. She released a song named Boyz feat. Nicki Minaj. She is working on new music.
Posani Krishna Murali

**Posani Krishna Murali** is an Indian actor, director, screenwriter and producer who primarily appears in South Indian film industry. He has written over 150 Telugu films and has directed number of films. He started his career as an assistant director of Paruchuri Brothers and later he moved on to writing the entire movie screenplay. Since then, he has directed a bunch of commercially successful movies like *Operation Duryodhana* (2007), *Mental Krishna* (2009), *Posani Gentleman* (2009), and *Dushasana* (2011). His major acting credits include *MLA* (2018), *First Rank Raju* (2019), *Ninnu Veedani Needanu Nene* (2019), *Sarileru Neekevvaru* (2020) and *Aswathama* (2020).

## Sources
FreeCell

]]
**FreeCell** is a Solitaire game that is played with a standard 52-card of playing cards. FreeCell is different from other solitaire games in the sense that all cards are face-up from the beginning of the game, which makes the outcome of the game depend more on skills than luck.

To win the game, a player has to stack all cards onto four foundations, sorted by a cards suit and number, starting from the ace and ending with the king.

FreeCell is considered to be one of the easier types of solitaire since the vast majority of games are winnable. 
## References
Sithara (actress)

**Sithara Nair**, called by her first name **Sithara**, is an Indian actress who is best known for her works in Malayalam, Telugu, Tamil, and Kannada language film and TV. Although, Sithara made her acting debut with Malayalam film *Kaveri* (1986), but it's her Tamil debut *Puthu Vasantham* (1989) directed by Vikraman that put her into popularity and acclaimed in South Indian cinema. She was also seen in the several commercially successful movies such as *Pudhu Vasantham* (1990), *Halunda Tavaru* (1994), *Padayappa* (1999).

She is known for playing strong and emotional roles. She has worked with many famous actors and directors. Sithara is still active in acting and appears in both films and television serials. 

## Early life
Sithara was born in Kilimanoor, a town in the Thiruvananthapuram district of Kerala, India. She grew up in a traditional Malayali family. From a young age, she was interested in dance, music and acting. She learned classical dance and took part in school and local cultural programs.

Sithara studied in Kerala and later started getting offers for films while she was still a teenager. She entered the film industry at a young age and soon became busy with acting in different languages.

## Sources
Jeff Carson

**Jeff Carson** (born **Jeffrey Lee Herndon**; December 16, 1963 – March 26, 2022) was an American country music singer and musician. He was born in Tulsa, Oklahoma. His career lasted from 1980 until 2012. He charted 14 singles on the *Billboard* country charts, including the Number One hit "Not on Your Love", the Top Ten hits "The Car" and "Holdin' Onto Somethin'", and the Top 20 "Real Life (I Never Was the Same Again)".

Carson died of a heart attack on March 26, 2022 at a hospital in Franklin, Tennessee at the age of 58.

## References
Eugene Melnyk

**Eugene Melnyk** (May 27, 1959 – March 28, 2022) was a Canadian businessman and philanthropist. He was the owner, governor and chairman of the National Hockey League (NHL)'s Ottawa Senators and AHL’s Belleville Senators. He was the founder, chairman and CEO of Biovail Corporation. He had a net worth of $1.21 billion and was one of the richest people in Canada. He was one of the richest residents of Barbados.

Melnyk was hospitalized for liver failure and had a liver transplant in May 2015. He died on March 28, 2022 in Ottawa, Ontario from an illness at the age of 62.

## References
Continental Divide tree frog

The **Continental Divide tree frog** (*Isthmohyla graceae*) is a frog that lives in Panama. Scientists have seen it between 1120 and 1650 meters above sea level.  They have seen it in only one place: Volcan Barba in Heredia Province.

## References