open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Charles Martel

**Charles Martel** (c. 688 – 22 October 741) was a Frankish statesman and military leader who was Duke and Prince of the Franks. He was also mayor of the palace and the namesake of the Carolingian dynasty. Martel was the de facto ruler of Francia from 718 until his death. Martel was the illegitimate son of the Frankish mayor of the palace Pepin of Herstal. His mother was a noblewoman named Alpaida.

Martel successfully asserted his claims as  to his father as mayor of the palace and continued and built on his father's work. He began the series of military campaigns that re-established Frankish power in Gaul. In foreign wars, Martel defeated and ruled Bavaria, Alemannia, and Frisia. He defeated the Saxons and is best known for halting the Islamic advance into Western Europe at the Battle of Tours in 732.

Martel is considered to be the founding figure of the European Middle Ages and was skilled as an administrator and warrior. Martel is often credited with a key role in the development of feudalism and knighthood. He was a great patron of Saint Boniface. Martel made the first attempt at reconciliation between the papacy and the Franks. The Pope wished him to become the defender of the Holy See and offered him the Roman consulship, but Martel refused the offer.

Although Martel never assumed the title of king, he divided Francia like a king between his sons: Carloman and Pepin. The latter was a statesman who became the first member of the Carolingian dynasty, the family of Charles Martel, and became king. Martel's grandson, Charlemagne, extended the Frankish realms to include much of the West. Charlemagne became the first emperor since the fall of Rome. On the basis of his achievements, Martel laid the groundwork for the Carolingian Empire.

## References
Matthias Kuhle

**Matthias Kuhle** (20 April 1948 &ndash; 25 April 2015) was a German geographer. He was also a professor at the University of Göttingen in Göttingen. He edited the book series *Geography International* published by Shaker Verlag.

Kuhle was born in Berlin. He died in an earthquake on 25 April 2015 in the village of Saurpani, Gorkha, Nepal. He was 67.

## References
Ray Jackson (Aboriginal activist)

**Ray Jackson** (1941 &ndash; 23 April 2015) was an Australian Aboriginal activist and Wiradjuri elder. He was President of the Indigenous Social Justice Association (ISJA). He was a notable campaigner for the rights of Indigenous Australians. He was a member of the Stolen Generations.

Jackson died on 23 April 2015 in the suburb of Sydney of Waterloo, New South Wales. He was 74.

## References
Marty Napoleon

(1952).]]

**Marty Napoleon** (June 2, 1921 &ndash; April 27, 2015) was an American jazz pianist. He was best known for having replaced Earl Hines in Louis Armstrong's All Stars in 1952. He also worked with Gene Krupa, Phil Napoleon, Teddy Napoleon, Charlie Ventura, Kai Winding and Rex Stewart.

Napoleon was born in Brooklyn, New York City to Italian immigrants from Sicily. He died on April 27, 2015 in Glen Cove, Long Island, aged 93.

## References
St. Clement Parish (Ottawa)

, home of St. Clement Parish]] **St. Clement Parish** is a bilingual Roman Catholic parish community in Ottawa, Canada. It is within the Archdiocese of Ottawa. St. Clement is run by the Priestly Fraternity of Saint Peter. It was the first parish in the world to be authorized to  the Mass and other sacraments in Latin only. This is according to the liturgical s of the 1962 Roman Missal. These norms were ended in the 1960s. Since June 3, 2012, St. Clement Parish s out of St. Anne Church in Lowertown.

When these Catholics started to meet together, they met at Precious Blood Sisters' Monastery. This was a large home for nuns. In 1984, the nuns could not share their home with them anymore. The group moved to a small building and called themselves **St. Clement Latin Community**. They stayed in the new building until 1993. At that time they were able to get a church building of their own. The new church was on Mann Avenue in the Sandy Hill neighborhood.

In 2011, Bishop Terrence Prendergast asked St. Clement Parish if they wanted to move into Ste-Anne Church. Ste-Anne Church was an old church building that was important to the history of Ottawa. The parish started to meet at Ste-Anne Church on June 3, 2012.

## Marie Reine du Canada Pilgrimage
The St. Clement Parish also runs an event called Marie Reine du Canada Pilgrimage. During this pilgrimage, people walk 100 km from Saint-Joseph-de-Lanoraie to the church of Notre-Dame du Cap in Trois-Rivières. It is based on a similar pilgrimage from Notre-Dame de Paris to Chartres Cathedral in France.

## References
## Other websites
*St. Clement parish website
*Marie Reine du Canada Pilgrimage
Gopulu

**S. Gopalan**, pen-name **Gopulu** (18 June 1924 – 29 April 2015), was an Indian illustrator and cartoonist. He was best known for his work for the Tamil humour magazine *Ananda Vikatan*.

Gopulu was born in Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu. He died on 29 April 2015, aged 91. His son outlived him.

## References
Lennart Bodström

**Ture Lennart Bodström** (20 April 1928 - 30 April 2015) was a Swedish politician. He was born in Gothenburg. He served as the Minister for Foreign Affairs in Olof Palme's Social Democratic cabinet from 1982 to 1985. Following the 1985 election, Bodström was reassigned to the post of Minister for Education.

## References
Gregory Mertens

**Gregory Mertens** (2 February 1991 &ndash; 30 April 2015) was a Belgian professional footballer. His position was central defender. He played in the Belgian Pro League, playing for Cercle Brugge (2011&ndash;2014) and Lokeren (2014&ndash;2015). He was born in Anderlecht.

Mertens went into cardiac arrest and collapsed on 27 April 2015 while playing a game against K.R.C. Genk. He died from heart failure on 30 April at a Genk hospital, aged 24.

## References
Patachou

**Henriette Ragon** (10 June 1918 &ndash; 30 April 2015), better known by her stage name **Patachou**, was a French actress and singer. She appeared on stage, television and movies between 1953 and 2006. She also wrote at least twenty songs. On 1 January 2009, she was awarded the Legion of Honour.

Patachou was born in Paris. Her son, Pierre Billon (born 1946), is a songwriter.

Patachou died on 30 April 2015 in Paris, aged 96.

## References
## Other websites
*
Talossan language

**Talossan** is a constructed language created for the micronation the Kingdom of Talossa. In Talossan the language is called *Talossan*.

## Other websites
* Talossan.com
Synthetic genomics

**Synthetic genomics** is a type of genetic engineering. It makes genes which never occur in nature.

Synthetic genomics does not use naturally occurring genes. It may use custom-designed base pair series. In the future, it might use genetic codes that are not composed of the two base pairs of DNA currently used by life forms.

Synthetic genomics uses techniques from genetics research. Researchers can make long base pair chains cheaply and accurately on a large scale. This allows them to do experiments on genomes which do not exist in nature. They also use ideas in protein folding and high-end computing facilities. 

The J. Craig Venter Institute is working in this field. The team of about 20 researchers is led by  Nobel laureate Hamilton Smith, DNA researcher Craig Venter and microbiologist Clyde A. Hutchison III. The Venter group has put together a semi-synthetic *Mycoplasma genitalium* bacterial genome by recombination of 25 overlapping fragments. This was done in a single step: 
:"The use of yeast recombination greatly simplifies the assembly of large DNA molecules from both synthetic and natural fragments". 

Geneticists have made the first synthetic chromosome for yeast.

Other companies, including one called Synthetic Genomics (company), have been formed to take advantage of the many commercial uses of custom designed genomes.

## References
Killing of Eric Garner

**Eric Garner** (September 15, 1970 – July 17, 2014) was a man from Staten Island, New York City. He died in the same borough after a police officer put him in a chokehold for 15 seconds. The New York City Medical Examiner's Office found that Garner died partly because of the chokehold.

New York City Police Department officers talked to Garner because they thought he was selling cigarettes illegally. When Officer Daniel Pantaleo took Garner's wrist behind his back, Garner swatted his arms away. Pantaleo then  put his arm around Garner's neck and pulled him backwards and to the ground. After Pantaleo removed his arm from around Garner's neck, he pushed Garner's face into the ground. Four officers went to restrain Garner, who said "I can't breathe" several times.

On December 3, 2014, a grand jury decided to not indict officer Pantaleo. This led to protests and rallies with charges of police brutality. As of December 28, 2014, more than fifty demonstrations had been held across the United States.

In the aftermath of Garner's death, his daughter Erica, Al Sharpton and many others began to protest against police brutality. Erica died of complications from a heart attack on December 30, 2017 at the age of 27.

## References
Ben E. King

**Benjamin Earl** "**Ben**" **King** (born **Benjamin Earl Nelson**; September 28, 1938 &ndash; April 30, 2015) was an American soul and R&B singer, songwriter and record producer. He was best known as the singer and co-composer of "Stand by Me". The song became a US Top 10 hit in both 1961 and later in 1986 (when it was used as the theme to the movie of the same name).

King was born in Henderson, North Carolina and grew up in Harlem, New York City from age nine. He later lived in Teaneck, New Jersey. He was married to Betty from 1964 until his death. He had three children.

King died from coronary heart disease on April 30, 2015 in Hackensack, New Jersey, aged 76.

## References
## Other websites
*
Stirling Castle

**Stirling Castle**, is a castle in Stirling, Scotland. It is one of the largest and most important castles in the United Kingdom. It guarded an important crossing of the River Forth, which exits to the North Sea in the east.

## Location
The castle sits on the top of Castle Hill, an intrusive volcanic crag, part of the Stirling Sill geological formation. It is surrounded on three sides by steep cliffs, giving it a strong defensive position. It guards what was, until the 1890s, the farthest downstream crossing of the River Forth, This made it an important fortification from early times.

## Structure
Most of the buildings of the castle date from the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries. A few structures of the fourteenth century remain, while the outer defences fronting the town date from the early eighteenth century. Several Scottish kings and queens have been crowned at Stirling, including Mary, Queen of Scots, in 1542. There have been at least eight sieges of Stirling Castle, including several during the Wars of Scottish Independence. The last siege was in 1746, when Bonnie Prince Charlie failed to take the castle. Stirling Castle is a scheduled Ancient Monument, and is a tourist attraction managed by Historic Scotland.
Casey Bailey

**Casey Bailey** (born October 27, 1991) is an American professional ice hockey center. He currently plays for the ERC Ingolstadt of the Deutsche Eishockey Liga (DEL). He has played for the Toronto Maple Leafs and Ottawa Senators teams in the National Hockey League (NHL).

Bailey was not drafted but signed a two-year entry-level contract with the Toronto Maple Leafs on March 21, 2015. The outcome for Bailey and fans was good in this trade. Bailey became the first played from Penn State to sign a contract in the NHL, and also the first to play in the NHL.

On April 11, 2015, Bailey scored his first NHL goal against Carey Price of the Montreal Canadiens in a 4-3 shootout loss.

On February 9, 2016, Bailey was traded along with Cody Donaghey, Matt Frattin and Ryan Rupert to the Ottawa Senators in exchange for Dion Phaneuf, Milan Michalek, Colin Greening, Tobias Lindberg, Jared Cowen and a second round pick in the 2017 NHL Entry Draft. Bailey would play 7 games with the Senators and mainly spend time with the Binghamton Senators, Ottawa's AHL affiliate.

On September 21, 2018, in Russia, he played for HC Slovan Bratislava of the Kontinental Hockey League (KHL). The year before, Casey Bailey (said to be a right-handed player with a good shot) was the second most productive player on the New York Islanders farm, the Bridgeport Sound Tigers team. In that year he scored 41 points.

On May 22, 2023, he signed with ERC Ingolstadt.

## References
## Other websites 
*
*
Lee Elder

**Robert Lee Elder** (July 14, 1934 &ndash; November 28, 2021) was an American professional golfer. He is best remembered for becoming the first African-American to play in the Masters Tournament in 1975. He was born in Dallas, Texas.

Elder died on November 28, 2021 in Escondido, California at the age of 87.

## References
Chi-Chi Rodríguez

**Juan Antonio "Chi-Chi" Rodríguez** (October 23, 1935 &ndash; August 8, 2024) was a Puerto Rican professional golfer. He was the first Puerto Rican to be inducted into the World Golf Hall of Fame. He was born in Rio Piedras, Puerto Rico.

Rodríguez died on August 8, 2024, at the age of 88.

## References
## Other websites
*
*Profile at the World Golf Hall of Fame
Pete Brown (golfer)

**Pete Brown** (February 2, 1935 – May 1, 2015) was an American professional golfer. He was best known as the first African American to win a PGA Tour event. Brown was born in Port Gibson, Mississippi and grew up in Jackson, Mississippi.

Brown died in Augusta, Georgia on May 1, 2015 at the age of 80 from heart failure and a stroke.

## References
## Other websites
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María Elena Velasco

**María Elena Velasco Fragoso** (December 17, 1940 - May 1, 2015) was a Mexican actress, comedienne, singer-songwriter, dancer, screenwriter, movie producer, and one of Mexico's few major female movie directors. She was best known for creating and portraying La India María, a comical character based on indigenous Mexican women.

Velasco died of stomach cancer in Mexico City, Mexico, aged 74.

## References
## Other websites
*
*
Thomas Perez

**Thomas Edward Perez** (born October 7, 1961 in Buffalo, New York) is an American politician, consumer advocate and civil rights lawyer. On July 23, 2013, he was sworn in as the United States Secretary of Labor. Perez is a member of the Democratic Party. He previously was the Assistant Attorney General for the Civil Rights Division of the United States Department of Justice. On February 25, 2017, Perez was elected Chairman on a second ballot.  Minutes after being elected, Perez named Keith Ellison as deputy chair. He resigned in January 2021. In July 2022, Perez lost the Democratic nomination for Governor of Maryland in the 2022 Maryland gubernatorial election.

## References
See You Again (Wiz Khalifa song)

"**See You Again**" is a song by American rapper Wiz Khalifa featuring the vocals and piano playing of Charlie Puth. The song is featured in the 2015 action movie *Furious 7*. It was created as a final tribute to Paul Walker, who died in a car crash in November 2013.

The single was released on March 17, 2015 in the US, followed by an international release on April 3 and a UK release on April 12.

## References
Everything Is Awesome

"**Everything Is Awesome**" is the Grammy and Oscar nominated song featured in *The Lego Movie*. It was written by Shawn Patterson, Joshua Bartholomew, Lisa Harriton, and The Lonely Island. 

The single and pop version featured in the end credits of the movie was produced by Mark Mothersbaugh and performed by Tegan and Sara in collaboration with musical comedy trio The Lonely Island.

In July 2014, the song "Everything Is Awesome" was re-used in a video of Greenpeace to promote their petition calling on the Lego Company to drop its partnership with Shell.

## References
Matt Carle

**Matthew Carle** (born September 25, 1984) is an American professional ice hockey defenseman. He currently plays for the Tampa Bay Lightning of the National Hockey League (NHL). He has also played for the San Jose Sharks and Philadelphia Flyers.

## Career
Before playing in the NHL, Carle played parts of 2 seasons with the US National Team Development Program, 1 season with the River City Lancers of the United States Hockey League (USHL), and 3 years of college hockey with the University of Denver Pioneers. During his time with the Pioneers, Carle won the Hobey Baker Award in 2006 for being the top National Collegiate Athletic Association men's ice hockey player. He was also the only junior defenseman in history to win the award.

He was drafted 47th overall by the San Jose Sharks in the 2003 NHL Entry Draft. On March 25, 2006, Carle made his NHL debut and scored his first NHL goal against Manny Fernandez of the Minnesota Wild in a 5-1 win. On November 21, 2007, Carle was signed to a four-year, $13.75 million contract extension to stay with San Jose.

On July 4, 2008, the Sharks traded Carle along with Ty Wishart and a first round pick in the 2009 NHL Entry Draft and a fourth round pick in 2010, to the Tampa Bay Lightning in exchange for Dan Boyle and Brad Lukowich.

After 12 games with the Lightning, they traded him along with a 2009 third round draft pick to the Philadelphia Flyers in exchange for Steve Eminger, Steve Downie and a 2009 fourth round pick on November 7, 2008. Carle missed 5 games at the start of December because of a rib injury. During the home opener of the 2009–10 season for the Flyers, Carle tied the NHL record for assists in a single period by a defenceman when he set up four goals in the second period against the Washington Capitals and also helped Mike Richards achieve his second career hat trick, which was also his personal best for assists in a game.

On July 4, 2012, Carle signed a six-year; $33 million contract to return with the Tampa Bay Lightning.

## References
## Other websites 
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William Pfaff

**William Pfaff** (December 1928 &ndash; April 30, 2015) was an American writer. He was an author and op-ed columnist for the *International Herald Tribune*. He also worked on *The New York Review of Books*.

Pfaff was born in Council Bluffs, Iowa. He was of German, English, and Irish ancestry. He studied at the University of Notre Dame. He was a Catholic and was married with two children.

Pfaff died from a heart attack caused by a fall on April 30, 2015 in Paris, France. He was 86.

## References
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Stephen Milburn Anderson

**Stephen Milburn Anderson** (March 13, 1948 &ndash; May 1, 2015) was an American movie director, producer and screenwriter. He wrote and directed eight movies. He was best known for *South Central*, which was produced by Oliver Stone and released by Warner Bros. in 1992. He also wrote and directed *Cash* (2010), starring Sean Bean and Chris Hemsworth. He produced the Academy Award-winning short movie ''Ray's Male Heterosexual Dance Hall'' (1987). He was born in New Mexico.

Anderson died from throat cancer on May 1, 2015 in Denver, Colorado, aged 67. His wife of more than thirty years, Mary Weir, outlived him.

## References
## Other websites
*
Anticonvulsant

An **anticonvulsant** is a drug that is made to treat seizures, commonly associated with epilepsy. They are also known as **antiepileptic drugs** or **anti-seizure drugs**. Many of these drugs act as a mood stabilizer. 

Their mood stabilizing effect means they are also made to treat mood disorders off-label, to treat diagnosed bipolar disorder.
David Day (broadcaster)

**David** "**Daisy**" **Day** (1951 &ndash; 1 May 2015) was an Australian radio broadcaster. He began his disc jockey career at age 16 in Moree. He was best known for working on radio stations such as 5KA and Triple M from the 1970s in South Australia. In 2013, he published his autobiography, *Rock Jock*. He was born in New South Wales.

Day died on 1 May 2015 in Adelaide, aged 63. He had health issues for some time before his death.

## References
United Nations Integrated Mission in East Timor

The **United Nations Integrated Mission in East Timor** (**UNMIT**) is a peacekeeping operation that was created in August 25, 2006 by UN Security Council Resolution 1704. Its objectives are "to support the Government in consolidating stability, enhancing a culture of democratic governance, and facilitating political dialogue among Timorese stakeholders, in their efforts to bring about a process of national reconciliation and to foster social cohesion". The operation ended on December 31, 2012.

## References
Stand by Me (Ben E. King song)

**"Stand by Me"** is a R&B ballad which was originally performed by Ben E. King. The song was inspired by the spiritual single "Lord Stand by Me". The song is on the soundtrack of the 1986 movie *Stand by Me*.

Musicians who have covered the song include Prince Royce and John Lennon. In 1999, BMI named it the fourth most performed song of the 20th century.

## References
Milap Chand Jain

**Milap Chand Jain** (21 July 1929 &ndash; 29 April 2015) was an Indian judge and politician. He served as the Chief Justice of the Rajasthan High Court. He also served as the acting Governor of Rajasthan from 3 February to 14 February 1990. He was also the chairman of the *Jain Commission* set up by the government to inquire into Rajiv Gandhi's assassination.

Jain was born in Jodhpur, Rajasthan. He had three children; a son and two daughters.

Jain died after a short illness on 29 April 2015 in Jaipur, aged 86.

## References
Gary Liddell

**Gary Liddell** (27 August 1954 – 29 April 2015) was a Scottish professional footballer who played as a striker. He played from 1972 and 1983 for the teams Leeds United, Grimsby Town, Hearts and Doncaster Rovers.

Liddell was born in Stirling. His son, Andy (born 1973), was also a footballer.

Liddell died on 1 May 2015 in Falkirk, aged 60.

## References
Geoff Duke

**Geoffrey Ernest** "**Geoff**" **Duke**  (29 March 1923 &ndash; 1 May 2015) was a British multiple motorcycle Grand Prix road racing world champion. In the 1950s, he won six world championships and six Isle of Man TT races.

Duke was born in St. Helens, Lancashire. His son, Peter, is a businessman and founded Duke Video.

Duke died after a long illness 1 May 2015 at his home on the Isle of Man. He was 92.

## References
Mobile app

A **mobile application**, also referred to as a **mobile app** or simply an **app**, is a computer program designed to run on smartphones, tablet computers and other mobile devices. Apps are usually available through an app store for that platform. These began appearing in 2008. The largest stores are operated by the owner of the mobile operating system. 

Some apps are usually bundled with the device, already installed before you buy it.  Other apps may be downloaded for free from the app store, and some must be purchased.  Software developers make as they make other computer programs, and usually offer them through the app store.

## References
Ronald Senator

**Ronald Senator** (17 April 1926 &ndash; 30 April 2015) was a British composer. He was best known for *Holocaust Requiem*, for which he was nominated for a Pulitzer Prize. He had concerts in New York (1990, 1998, 2001), London (1989, 1997), Sydney (1978), Moscow (1993), and St. Petersburg (1991).

Senator studied at Oxford University (1944&ndash;1947) with Austrian-born British composer Egon Wellesz. He was Jewish and married to Miriam Brickman. He lived in London and New York, United States.

Senator and his 81-year-old wife died in a fire on 30 April 2015 at their home in Yonkers, New York. He was 89.

## References
## Other websites
*
Monty Python's The Meaning of Life

'''''Monty Python's The Meaning of Life''''' is a 1983 British musical sketch comedy movie. It is Monty Python's last movie. It is about seven stages of life and is told through different sketches and songs.

## Other websites
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Valentine Lamb

**Valentine Edward Martin** "**Val**" **Lamb** (26 January 1939 &ndash; 24 April 2015) was a British sports journalist. He was editor of *The Irish Field* from 1970 to 2003.

Lamb was born in Coombe Bissett, Wiltshire. He was the son of the artist Henry Lamb and his wife Lady Pansy Pakenham. He was married twice and had three children.

Lamb died on 24 April 2015, aged 76.

## References
Diante do Trono

The **Diante do Trono** is a Brazilian Christian pop rock band from Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. The band was formed in 1997 in the Lagoinha Church and is known as the main worship ministry in Latin America. The band has sold over 15 million albums and is led by Ana Paula Valadão.

## Discography
'''Diante do Trono serie's'*
**Diante do Trono*(1998)
**Exaltado*(1999)
**Águas Purificadoras*(2000)
**Preciso de Ti*(2001)
**Nos Braços do Pai*(2002)
**Quero Me Apaixonar*(2003)
**Esperança*(2004)
**Ainda Existe Uma Cruz*(2005)
**Por Amor de Ti, Oh Brasil*(2006)
**Príncipe da Paz*(2007)
**A Canção do Amor*(2008)
**Tua Visão*(2009)
**Aleluia*(2010)
**Sol da Justiça*(2011)
**Creio*(2012)
**Tu Reinas*(2014)
**Tetelestai*(2014)
**Deserto de Revelação*(2017)
**Outra Vez*(2019)
**Respirar*(2020)
**Sim e Amém*(2023)
**Commemorative and special projects**

**Aclame ao Senhor*(2000) with **Hosanna! Music**
**Shalom Jerusalém*(2000) with **Paul Wilbur**
**Brasil Diante do Trono 1*(2001)
**In The Father's Arms*(2006)
**En Los Brazos del Padre*(2006)
**Tempo de Festa - 10 anos*(2007)
**Com Intensidade - 10 anos*(2008)
**Glória a Deus*(2011) with **Gateway Worship**
**Renovo*(2013)
**Deus Reina*(2014)
**Läpimurto*(2014)
**Suomi Valstaituimmen Edessä*(2014)
**Imersão*(2016)
**Imersão* 2(2017)
**Eu e a Minha Casa*(2018)
**Musical 20 Anos Diante do Trono*(2018)
**Imersão 3*(2018)
**Imersão 4*(2019)
**Extras Diante do Trono*(2021)
**Imersão 5*(2020)
**Memórias do Coração*(2023)
**De Nós Se Lembrará''(2025)
## References
## Other websites
* Official site
Max Rojas

**Juan Máximo Rojas Proenza**, known as **Max Rojas** (June 4, 1940 - April 24, 2015) was a Mexican poet, essayist, literary critic and culture manager. Rojas wrote long-winded poem *Cuerpos*, his last published work originally composed of three thousand pages and that could fill twenty volumes.

## References
George Baker (actor)

**George Baker**, MBE (1 April 19317 October 2011) was an English actor and writer. He was best known for playing Tiberius in *I, Claudius*, and Inspector Wexford in *The Ruth Rendell Mysteries*. He was born in Varna, Bulgaria.

Baker died on 7 October 2011 in West Lavington, Wiltshire from pneumonia after suffering a stroke, aged 80.

## Other websites
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François Michelin

**François Michelin** (15 June 1926 &ndash; 29 April 2015) was a French heir and business executive. He served as the CEO of Michelin from 1955 to 1999.

Michelin was born in Clermont-Ferrand, Auvergne. His grandfather, Édouard Michelin (1859&ndash;1940), was the founder of Michelin. He became an orphan at the age of ten. He was a Roman Catholic. He had five children, including Édouard (1963&ndash;2006).

Michelin died on 29 April 2015 in Clermont-Ferrand, aged 88.

## References
Tabaré Vázquez

**Tabaré Ramón Vázquez Rosas** (; 17 January 1940 &ndash; 6 December 2020) was an Uruguayan politician. He served as President of Uruguay from 2015 to 2020.

In August 2019, Vázquez was diagnosed with lung cancer. He died on 6 December 2020 from the disease in Montevideo at the age of 80.

## References
## Other websites
* Site of President of Uruguay 
* Electoral site of Tabaré Vázquez
* Biography by CIDOB 
* New leftist cabinet launched in Uruguay (Xinhua News Agency)
* Uruguay inaugurates first leftist president  (*The Globe and Mail*)
*Left-wing Uruguay leader sworn in (BBC News)
*Uruguay joys over new president (BBC News)
* *El Espectador*: Tax Reform
*Leftist Chief Is Installed in Uruguay and Gets Busy on Agenda (*The New York Times*)
* Links for Plan de Emergencia Nacional
Ruth Rendell

**Ruth Barbara Rendell, Baroness Rendell of Babergh**  (née **Grasemann**; 17 February 1930 &ndash; 2 May 2015), also known as **Barbara Vine**, was an English writer. She wrote mostly psychological thrillers and murder mysteries. She released at least 90 books and was best known for her character Inspector Wexford.

Rendell was born in South Woodford, Essex (now London). Her mother was born in Sweden and grew up in Denmark, while her father was English. She was married to Don Rendell until his death from prostate cancer in 1999. They had a son, Simon (born 1953).

Rendell had a stroke in January 2015. She died on 2 May 2015 in London, aged 85.

## References
## Other websites
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Aristocrat

An **aristocrat** is a person of the highest social class of a society. In many places, aristocrats have hereditary titles. In some societies such as Ancient Greece, Rome, and India, aristocratic status may come from membership in a military caste. It has also been very common for aristocrats to belong to priestly dynasties.

Aristocratic status can involve feudal or legal privileges. They are usually below only the monarch of a country or nation in its social hierarchy. In modern era European societies, the term aristocracy has often been used synonymously with the nobility. This was a specific class that arose in the Middle Ages. The term *aristocracy* derives from the Greek  ἀριστοκρατία (*aristokratia* ἄριστος (*aristos*) "excellent," and κράτος (*kratos*) "power".

## Related pages 
* Aristocracy
* Gentry
* Nobility
* Royal family

## References
Muhammadu Buhari

**Muhammadu Buhari**, GCFR (17 December 1942 &ndash; 13 July 2025) was the President of Nigeria and a former Major General in the Nigerian Army. He first became Head of State of Nigeria on 31 December 1983 when he took over the government by surprise. While he was in power, he passed laws to control how people behaved that were very harsh and put many people in jail, even the famous musician Fela Kuti. On 27 August 1985, there was another surprise takeover and he was no longer in charge of the country.

In the 21st century, Buhari decided to try and become head of state again and ran in multiple elections. He eventually won and became President of Nigeria in 2015. He brought back some of the harsh laws from the last time he was in charge of Nigeria. Now, more people have been criticizing him as part of the End SARS protests.

Buhari died in London, England, on 13 July 2025, while receiving medical treatment after being hospitalised, at the age of 82.

## References
## Other websites
* 
* 2011 Presidential Election Campaign website 
* Muhammadu Buhari - In a HARDtalk interview on 21 January 2004
Vafa Guluzade

**Vafa Guluzade** (; 21 December 1940 &ndash; 1 May 2015) was an Azerbaijani diplomat, political scientist and specialist in conflict resolution. He worked as Foreign Policy State Advisor for Azerbaijan President Heydar Aliyev between 1990 and 1999.

Guluzade was born in Baku to a Shia Muslim family. He was married to Leyla Ahmadova. They had a daughter (1974&ndash;2010).

Guluzade died from heart failure after surgery on 1 May 2015 in Baku. He was 74.

## Related pages
*List of Asian scientists by country

## References
Michael J. Ingelido

**Michael Joseph Ingelido** (November 20, 1916 &ndash; April 28, 2015) was an American Air Force major general. He was Commander of the Fourteenth Aerospace Force, (Air Defense Command), Ent Air Force Base in Colorado. He joined the Air Force in 1941 less than two weeks before the attack on Pearl Harbor of World War II, and retired in 1972 during the Vietnam War.

Ingelido was born in Meriden, Connecticut. He married his wife Elinor Affinto Ingelido in 1942. They had three sons.

Ingelido died from a stroke on April 28, 2015 in Colorado Springs, Colorado, aged 98.

## References
Dave Goldberg

**David Bruce** "**Dave**" **Goldberg** (October 2, 1967 &ndash; May 1, 2015) was an American businessman. He was a Yahoo! executive before joining SurveyMonkey in 2009, and later became CEO. He also co-founded LAUNCH Media with Bob Roback.

Goldberg was born in Minneapolis, Minnesota to a Jewish family. He graduated from Harvard University in 1989. He was married to Facebook COO Sheryl Sandberg and had two children.

Goldberg died on May 1, 2015 at a resort in Punta Mita, near Puerto Vallarta in southwest Mexico, aged 47. He died from head trauma and blood loss after falling off a treadmill.

## References
Beth Whittall

**Elizabeth** "**Beth**" **Whittall** (May 26, 1936 &ndash; May 1, 2015) was a Canadian champion breaststroke and freestyle swimmer. At age 17, she won a silver medal at the 1954 British Empire and Commonwealth Games in Vancouver, British Columbia. He won two gold medals at the 1955 Pan American Games in Mexico City, Mexico. In 1987, at the age of 50, she set a Canadian record in the 200-metre freestyle for competitors in the 50 to 54 age range.

Whittall was born in Montreal, Quebec. She studied pharmacy at Purdue University in West Lafayette, Indiana, United States. She died on May 1, 2015, aged 78.

## References
Discovery (observation)

**Discovery** is the act of ing something new, or something "old" that had been . In science and academic disciplines, discovery is the observation of new phenomena. It is discovery of new s, or new events. It provides new  to explain the knowledge gathered through such observations. A discovery may sometimes be based on earlier discoveries, collaborations, or ideas. Some discoveries represent a   in knowledge or technology.  discoveries are often called **sightings**.

## Scientific discovery 
Before the 17th century, it took  genius to make even small discoveries. Men such as Galileo Galilei, Isaac Newton and many of their  made great discoveries. But their greatest contribution was in developing and furthering the scientific method. This was an organized method of making new discoveries. By the end of the century science literally exploded with new discoveries. Ordinary educated scientists could now do what only geniuses could do before. Beginning in the 17th century scientists now used scientific proof of their discoveries through experiments. They also defended their discoveries against their s. This was an important part of the scientific method.

## References
Harry Geisinger

**Harry Geisinger** (October 31, 1933 &ndash; May 1, 2015) was an American politician for the Republican Party. He served in the Georgia House of Representatives from 1969 to 1975 and then from 2005 until his death.

Geisinger was born in Roswell, Georgia. He got his Bachelors's degree in business from the University of Cincinnati in Cincinnati, Ohio.

Geisinger died from leukemia on May 1, 2015, aged 81.

## References
Michael Blake (author)

, 2007.]]

**Michael Lennox Blake** (July 5, 1945 &ndash; May 2, 2015) was an American writer and screenwriter. He was best known for the movie adaptation of his novel *Dances with Wolves*, for which he won an Academy Award and a Golden Globe.

Blake was born in Fort Bragg, North Carolina, and grew up in New Mexico, Texas and Southern California. He was married and had three sons.

Blake died after a long illness on May 2, 2015 in Tucson, Arizona. He was 69.

## References
## Other websites
*
Extreme Rules (2015)

**Extreme Rules (2015)** was a professional wrestling pay-per-view and WWE Network livestreaming show made by WWE. It took place on April 26, 2015 at the Allstate Arena in Rosemont, Illinois. It was the seventh Extreme Rules event held by WWE. 

The main event saw Seth Rollins defeat Randy Orton in a steel cage match to keep hisWWE World Heavyweight Championship. In the match, Orton's RKO finisher was banned and Kane served as the gatekeeper for the cage. 

## Matches
1During the match, Ambrose and Harper left the arena. The next two matches started and ended before both Ambrose and Harper returned to the arena and the ring to finish their match.

2Sheamus did not fulfill the stipulation, and made Ziggler kiss his arse instead.

## References 
## Other websites
*Official Extreme Rules 2015 website
Abdul Wahid Aresar

**Abdul Wahid Aresar** (11 October 1949 &ndash; 3 May 2015) was a Pakistani politician. He was the was one of the heads of the Jeay Sindh Qaumi Mahaz (JSQM), a political party in Sindh. He was the chairman of the party in the 1990s.

Aresar died on 3 May 2015 at a private hospital in Karachi, aged 65.

## References
Rodion Shchedrin

, in 2009]]
**Rodion Konstantinovich Shchedrin** (, *Rodion Konstantinovič Ščedrin*, born December 16, 1932 in Moscow - August 28, 2025) is a Russian composer and pianist. 

He won many awards such as the Lenin (1984), USSR State Prize (1972) and the State Prize of the Russian Federation (1992). He is a former member of the Interregional Deputy Group (1989–1991).

Shchedrin was married to Russian ballet dancer Maya Plisetskaya from 1958 until her death in 2015.

## Other websites
* *The Plisetskaya-Shchedrin Foundation*
*Rodion Shchedrin  on the Sikorski website (publisher): portrait, biography (pdf) and works
*Rodion Shchedrin 
*'David Fanning on Rodion Shchedrin and his Second Symphony and Rodion Shchedrin on David Fanning's publication' 
*Rodion Shchedrin interview by Bruce Duffie
*Ismene Brown: theartsdesk Q&A: Composer Rodion Shchedrin theartsdesk.com 18 September 2010
Clarence Nash

**Clarence Charles "Ducky" Nash** (December 7, 1904 – February 20, 1985) was an American voice actor. He was the voice for Disney cartoon character Donald Duck for almost 50 years.

## Filmography
## References 
## Other websites 
* Clarence Nash biography Internet Movie Database IMDb
Dobri Dobrev

**Dobri Dimitrov Dobrev** () (born 20 July 1914 – 13 February 2018), better known as **Grandpa Dobri**, **Elder Dobri** (), or **The Saint of Bailovo** was a Bulgarian philanthropist. He walks several kilometers each day to sit or stand in front of the Cathedral of Alexander Nevsky in Sofia to collect money for charitable causes. Dobrev 

On 13 February 2018, Dobrev died at Kremikovtsi Monastery at the age of 103.

## References
Ackerly, Texas

**Ackerly** is a city in Dawson and Martin Counties in the U.S. state of Texas. As of the 2020 Census, the population was 264.

## References
Grace Lee Whitney

**Grace Lee Whitney** (born **Mary Ann Chase**; April 1, 1930 &ndash; May 1, 2015) was an American actress and entertainer. She was best known as Janice Rand on the *Star Trek* television series.

Whitney died at her home in Coarsegold, California on May 1, 2015 from natural causes, aged 85.

## References
## Other websites
* 
* 
* Grace Lee Whitney Official Autograph site 
* Janice Rand history 
* Grace Lee Whitney- Notable Names Database
Revaz Chkheidze

**Revaz "Rezo" Chkheidze** (; 8 December 1926 &ndash; 3 May 2015) was a Georgian movie director. He was known for directing *Father of a Soldier* and *The Saplings*, both of which entered at the Moscow Film Festival. He was awarded the title of People's Artist of the USSR in 1980.

## References
## Other websites
*
Philip S. Goodman

**Philip Solomon Goodman** (February 20, 1926 &ndash; May 2, 2015) was an American screenwriter, producer, and movie director. He was best known for directing the drama movie *We Shall Return* (1963), starring Cesar Romero. He also wrote for television series such as *Profiles in Courage*, *Danger*, *Alfred Hitchcock Presents*, *Rocky King Detective*, and *Johnny Staccato*. He also directed plays at the Actors Studio.

Goodman was born in New York City to Flora and Solomon Goodman. He graduated from Brooklyn College and the University of Southern California (USC). He served in the U.S. Army from 1944 to 1946 during World War II. He was married to Evelyn Twersky and had two children, Nicholas, a producer, and Jody, a lawyer.

## References
## Other websites
*
Umaru Musa Yar'Adua

'''Umaru Musa Yar'Adua''' (16 August 19515 May 2010) was a Nigerian politician. He served as the President of Nigeria and the 13th Head of State.

He became governor of Katsina State in northern Nigeria from 29 May 1999 to 28 May 2007. He was declared the winner of the controversial Nigerian presidential election held on 21 April 2007, and was sworn in on 29 May 2007. He was a member of the ruling People's Democratic Party (PDP).

In 2009, Yar'Adua left for Saudi Arabia to receive treatment for pericarditis. He returned to Nigeria in 2010, where he died on 5 May.

## Background
Umaru Musa Yar'adua was born 16th of August 1951 in Katsina State, his father was Mr. Musa Yar'Adua who was a Minister for Lagos in the first republic and also held a chieftaincy title of custodian of the royal treasury of the Katsina Emirate.

## References
## Other websites
Wikipedia:Sockpuppet investigations/ Emk9
Karl Guthe Jansky

**Karl Guthe Jansky** (October 22, 1905 – February 14, 1950) was an American physicist and engineer. He worked in astronomy. In 1927, he discovered that the Milky Way emitted radio waves. This makes him one of the founding fathers of radio astronomy.
Danny Jones (rugby league)

**Danny Jones** (6 March 1986 – 3 May 2015) was a Welsh professional rugby league footballer. He played at international level for Wales and at club level for Halifax and Keighley Cougars.

Jones died of cardiac arrest while playing in London. He was 29 years old.

## References
Konstantin K. Kuzminsky

in Austin, Texas, 1979.]] 

**Konstantin Konstantinovich Kuzminsky** (; 16 April 1940 &ndash; 2 May 2015) was a Russian-American performance poet. He published *The Blue Lagoon Anthology of Modern Russian Poetry* as well as other publications including a collection of Russian poetry *The Living Mirror*. He also appeared in many documentary movies, including two by Andrei Zagdansky.

Kuzminsky was born in Leningrad (now called Saint Petersburg). He moved to the United States from the Soviet Union in 1978. He was married to Emma, nicknamed "Mouse".

Kuzminsky died on 2 May 2015 in New York City, aged 75.

## Related pages 
*List of poets from North America

## References
Abdul Basit Usman

**Ahmad Akmad Batabol Usman** (1974 &ndash; 3 May 2015), better known as **Abdul Basit Usman**, was a Filipino Islamist and fugitive. He was a bomb making expert who was head of the Special Operations Group of the Bangsamoro Islamic Freedom Fighters and had links with Abu Sayyaf and Jemaah Islamiyah groups.

Usman was born in a village in Shariff Aguak, Maguindanao to a Muslim family. He worked as an Overseas Filipino Worker (OFW) in Pakistan before taking part in militant activities.

Usman was killed on 3 May 2014 in Guindulungan, aged 40/41.

## References
Duri Camichel

**Duri Camichel** (6 May 1982 – 28 April 2015) was a Swiss professional ice hockey player.

## References
Nigel Terry

**Peter Nigel Terry** (15 August 1945 &ndash; 30 April 2015) was an English stage and movie actor. He was best known by for his role of King Arthur in John Boorman's *Excalibur* (1981). He appeared in the movies *The Lion in Winter* (1968) and *Troy* (2004). He also appeared in the television series *Covington Cross*, *Casualty*, *Doctor Who*, *Highlander: The Series* and *Waking the Dead*.

Terry was born in Bristol, Gloucestershire. He died from emphysema on 30 April 2015, aged 69.

## References
Paul Émile Chabas

**Paul Émile Chabas** (March 7, 1869 – May 10, 1937) was a French painter. He was born in Nantes. He studied with William-Adolphe Bouguereau. He often travelled, to Norway, Algeria and Greece. During his lifetime, he was known for the portraits he painted. He liked to paint naked girls, in natural settings. Probably his best known work is *September Morning*, dated 1912.
Russi Taylor

**Russell "Russi" Taylor** (May 4, 1944 &ndash; July 26, 2019) was an American voice actress. She was best known for being the voice of Disney's Minnie Mouse since 1986. She also voiced numerous other Disney characters. Taylor was the wife of the late voice actor Wayne Allwine. He was the third voice of Mickey Mouse from 1991 up until his death in 2009. In 2008, she received a Disney Legends award.

She died  from colon cancer on July 26, 2019, at her home in Glendale, California, at the age of 75.

## Filmography
### Film
### Television
### Direct-to-video
### Video games
### Park attractions
* Mickey's PhilharMagic - Minnie Mouse

## Awards
## References
French touch

**French touch** or **French house** was a kind of house music, which became popular in France in the mid-1990s, and spread to the rest of Europe later.

## References
Enter the Wu-Tang (36 Chambers)

***Enter the Wu-Tang (36 Chambers)*** is the debut studio album by American hip-hop group Wu-Tang Clan released on November 9, 1993 by Loud Records. It was entirely produced by the group leader RZA.

The album has been considered to be one of the greatest hip-hop album in history and Wu-Tang Clan's best work.

## Track list
# "Bring Da Ruckus" - 4:10
# "Shame On A Nigga" - 2:57
# "Clan In Da Front" - 4:33
# "Wu-Tang: 7th Chamber" - 6:05
# "Can It Be All So Simple" - 6:53
# "Da Mystery of Chessboxin'" - 4:47
# "Wu-Tang Clan Ain't Nuthing Ta F' Wit" - 3:36
# "C.R.E.A.M." - 4:12
# "Method Man" - 5:51
# "Protect Ya Neck" - 4:52
# "Tearz" - 4:17
# "Wu-Tang: 7th Chamber - Part II" - 5:08
# "Method Man (Skun Mix)" - 3:12
# "Conclusion" - 1:00

## References
Stuart Archer

Colonel **Bertram Stuart Trevelyan Archer** GC OBE ERD (3 February 1915 – 2 May 2015), known as **Stuart Archer**,  was a recipient of the George Cross, the highest British and Commonwealth award for gallantry not in the face of the enemy. 

Archer was born in London.

On 3 February 2015 Archer became the first recipient of the Victoria Cross or the George Cross to reach 100 years of age. 

Archer died on 2 May 2015 at the age of 100.

## References
Sarah Correa

**Sarah Gonçalves Correa** (14 August 1992 &ndash; 2 May 2015) was a Brazilian competitive free-style swimmer. She won the gold medal in the 4×200-metre freestyle at the 2010 South American Games in Medellín, Colombia, beating the competition record. At the 2011 Pan American Games in Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico, she won the silver medal in the 4×200-metre freestyle. Born in Rio de Janeiro, retired from swimming in 2014 to become a model.

Correa was hit by a car while waiting at a bus stop on 1 May 2015 near her home in Barra da Tijuca, Rio de Janeiro. She died the next day (2 May), aged 22.

## References
Ryan McHenry

**Ryan McHenry** (13 December 1987 &ndash; 2 May 2015) was a Scottish movie director. He was best known for the movie *Zombie Musical* in which he received a nomination for the Best Director at the 2011 British Academy Scotland New Talent Awards. He also created the popular ''Ryan Gosling Won't Eat His Cereal'' series on Vine.

McHenry was born in Dumfries. He died from osteosarcoma (a type of bone cancer), in Dumfries, aged 27.

## References
## Other websites
*
Norman Thaddeus Vane

**Norman Thaddeus Vane** (July 7, 1928 – May 2, 2015) was an American screenwriter, producer, playwright and movie director. He served as writer for the 1968 movie ''Mrs. Brown, You've Got a Lovely Daughter*. 

Later he was writer and associate producer of the movie *Lola*. He wrote the screenplay for the 1972 movie, *1931: Once Upon a Time in New York*. Vane went on to direct the 1983 movie, *Frightmare''.

Vane died on May 2, 2015 from heart failure in Hollywood, California at age 86.

## References
## Other websites
* 
* 
* 
*
Joshua Ozersky

**Joshua** **Ozersky** (August 22, 1967 – May 4, 2015) was an American food writer and historian. He is known for being the finding editor of *New York* magazine's food blog, *Grub Street*.

## Other websites
*Official Ozersky.TV 
* Meatopia.org