open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Edmonia Lewis

by Edmonia Lewis (1867)]]
**Mary Edmonia Lewis** (, 1844 – September 17, 1907) was an American sculptor. She is known for marble statues.

## Life
Lewis was born in 1844 in Greenbush (now Rensselaer), New York. Her mother was a Native American from the Ojibwe tribe. Her father was from the country of Haiti. She was taught art at The Ladies' Department of Oberlin College in Ohio. She did not graduate, but left school in 1863 after being physically attacked by racists.

Lewis began her career by creating clay statues of famous abolitionists and American Civil War generals. Her work sold well. She made enough money to travel to Rome, Italy to see statues created by important sculptors in history.

Lewis died in 1907 in London, England.

## Gallery

File:The Death of Cleopatra.JPG|*The Death of Cleopatra*
File:SAAM-1983.95.182 1.jpg|*Old Arrow Maker*
Anna Quincy Waterston by Edmonia Lewis.jpg|Anna Quincy Waterston 
File:Edmonia lewis hiawatha.jpg|*Hiawatha*

## References 
## Other websites
Parkesburg, Pennsylvania

**Parkesburg** is a borough in Chester County, Pennsylvania, United States. 3,866 people lived here at the 2020 census. The ZIP code is 19365.

## References
Dupuy, Quebec

**Dupuy** is a municipality in Quebec, Canada. In 2021, 940 people lived there. Its area is 123.48&nbsp;km².
Alluvioni Piovera

**Alluvioni Piovera** is a *comune* in the Province of Alessandria in the Piedmont region in Italy. It was created on 1 January 2018 from the former municipalities of Alluvioni Cambiò and Piovera.

## References
Alluvioni Cambiò

**Alluvioni Cambiò** was a *comune* in the Province of Alessandria in the Piedmont region in Italy. On 1 January 2018, the former municipalities of Alluvioni Cambiò and Piovera merged to form the new municipality of Alluvioni Piovera.
Villeneuve-les-Cerfs

**Villeneuve-les-Cerfs** is a commune. It is in Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes in the Puy-de-Dôme department in central France.

## References
David Ospina

**David Ospina Ramírez** (born 31 August 1988) is a Colombian football player. He plays as a goalkeeper for Al Nassr and is the captain of the Colombia national team.

## References
AJ Odudu

**Onatejiro "AJ" Odudu** (born 12 February 1988) is an English television presenter from Blackburn. She began her career in 2009.

## Television appearances 
Odudu became famous in 2013 after she was the co-host of ''Big Brother's Bit on the Side* alongside Rylan Clark. In 2019, she was a backstage presenter of *The Voice UK* and *The Voice Kids''. In 2022, Odudu announced the United Kingdom's jury points in the Eurovision Song Contest 2022.

In 2023, it was announced that AJ Odudu and Will Best are the presenters of the new version of *Big Brother UK*.

In addition to television presenting, AJ Odudu has been a celebrity contestant on multiple reality television shows including *SAS: Who Dares Wins*, *Cooking with the Stars* and *Strictly Come Dancing.*

## Filmography
## References 
## Other websites 
*
Urinary incontinence

**Urinary incontinence** is another name for not being able to control when or where urination happens.

## Definition and symptoms 
Urinary incontinence can mean involuntary or accidental urination. It is a common condition (especially in people over 65) and has a big effect a person's life. Other problems may exist alongside urinary continence which affect the same body area when the problem is caused by or is causing something physical. It is an important problem in healthcare for older people because it is so common. 

Urinary incontinence UI (urinary tract infection) can can be a source of shame or stigmatization. This is when the urinary incontinence is caused by an UI or UTI from unsafe sex. This shame creates barriers to successful treatment and makes the problem worse. This is because some people may be too embarrassed to seek medical help for urinary incontinence.

## Cause and diagnosis 
Pelvic surgery, pregnancy, childbirth, and menopause are major risk factors for urinary incontinence. Urinary incontinence can be a symptom of another condition. It is common. Some people might not even tell their doctor about it. There are four main types of urinary incontinence:
* Urge incontinence due to an bladder problem
* Stress incontinence due to urethral sphincter muscle weakness
* Overflow incontinence due to either weak bladder or blockage of the urethra
* Mixed incontinence involving features of different other types

## Treatment and epidemiology 
Treatments for urinary incontinence include pelvic floor muscle training, bladder training, surgery, and electrical stimulation. The benefit of medications is small and long term safety is unclear. Urinary incontinence is more common in older women.

## Related pages
*Nocturnal enuresis

## References
## Other websites 
*https://nafc.org/conditions-overview/
Rutka Laskier

**Rut Laskier**, nicknamed **Rutka Laskier** (12 June 1929 – December 1943), was a Polish girl of Jewish background, who kept a diary in the Będzin concentration camp, in early 1943.
## Life 
Rutka Laskier was born *Rut Laskier* on 12 June 1929 in Kraków, Poland, the eldest of two children. Her mother was a housewife, whilst her father Jakub Laskier, worked as a bank officer.

In late 1939, the Germans invaded Poland. When the Germans eventually reached Kraków, the family escaped to Będzin, a nearby city, from where her father's family originally came from.

The Germans reached Będzin too, shortly after, and after the Polish surrendered to the Germans, the Germans began occupying the country. A few months later, all the Jews from Będzin were deported to a concentration camp, which was located near the city.

## Death 
In August 1943, Rutka and her family were deported by train to a extermination camp. Her mother and brother were gassed upon arrival, whilst her father was sent to do forced labor. Rutka was originally believed to have died in the gas chambers with her mother and brother, but when her diary was published, a Holocaust survivor Zofia Minc said that she was friends with a girl named Rutka Laskier in the camp, whom she said came from Będzin. She also said that she was friends with her until she died from a cholera epidemic in the camp in December 1943. She then stated that Rutka was taken to the gas chambers. She then said that Rutka begged her [Zofia] to take her to the electric fence, so she could kill herself. She did so, but an SS guard following them would not allow it. He then grabbed Rutka and took her away. She said that she did not know what happened to Rutka, after that. Zofia assumed that Rutka died the same day she last saw her.
## Diary 
In early 1943, without her family's knowledge, Rutka kept a diary in an exercise book, writing in both ink and pencil. In it, she wrote about witnessing the Nazis persecuting the Jews, her daily life in the Będzin concentration camp, as well as about boys whom she had a crush on. 

The diary begins on 19 January, with the entry "I can not grasp that it is already 1943, four years since this hell began".

According to her diary, she used to believe in God, but became a atheist when the Nazis began persecuting the Jews in Poland.

The diary ends three months later on 24 April 1943, with Rutka noting how beautiful and sunny the weather looked outside of her house.
Cecilia Beaux

**Cecilia Beaux** (May 1, 1855 – September 17, 1942) was an American artist. She is best known for her portraits which were painted in the Impressionist style.

Beaux was born on May 1, 1855 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. She did not have education at formal art schools. She was taught to paint by members of her family. She learned more about painting from the artists William Sartain and Adolf van der Whelen. 

In 1883 Beaux started painting ''* (the last days of infancy). She showed the painting at the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts in 1885. It won a prize there. It was also accepted to be shown at the 1887 Paris Salon. This painting made her important in the United States and France. 

In 1895 the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts hired Beaux to teach art. She was the first woman to teach there.

From 1888 to 1889 Beaux traveled to Europe. She learned more about painting at the Académie Julian in Paris. In 1898 she moved to New York. She also bought a summer house in Gloucester, Massachusetts. She was paid to make portraits of many famous Americans. the National Gallery of Art, the National Museum of Women in the Arts,

## Gallery

File:Chicago art inst beaux dorothea.JPG|*Dorothea and Francesca* 
File:Sarah Doyle by Cecilia Beaux.jpg|*Portrait of Sarah E. Doyle *
File:Man with the Cat Henry Sturgis Drinker by Cecilia Beaux 1898.jpeg|*Man with the Cat (Henry Sturgis Drinker)*
File:Mrs Theodore Roosevelt and daughter Ethel, by Cecilia Beaux.jpg|*Mrs. Theodore Roosevelt and daughter Ethel'' 

## References
Raorchestes beddomii

'''Beddome's bush frog** or **Beddomme's bubble-nest frog'* (*Raorchestes beddomii'') is a frog.  It lives in India. Scientists have seen it in the Western Ghat Mountains, between 1200 and 1780 meters above sea level.

This frog lives in trees and bushes. People have seen it on the lower plants in tropical forests and evergreen forests. It lives in places where the tree branches do not come together like a roof all the way. This frog can live near human beings.

The frogs that live in the very southern part of this frog's home have red eyes. Frogs that live further north do not.

Scientists say this frog is not in danger of dying out because even though it does not live in a large place, people are only changing small parts of that place, and the frog is good at living in places that humans have changed.

## References
Marcelo Brozović

**Marcelo Brozović** (born 16 November 1992) is a Croatian football player. He plays as a defensive midfielder for Al Nassr and the Croatia national team.

## Career statistics
### Club
### International
:''Scores and results list Croatia's goal tally first, score column indicates score after each Brozović goal.''

## Honours
**Dinamo Zagreb**
*Prva HNL: 2012–13, 2013–14
*Croatian Supercup: 2013

**Inter Milan**
*Serie A: 2020–21
*Coppa Italia: 2021–22, 2022–23
*Supercoppa Italiana: 2021, 2022
*UEFA Champions League runner-up: 2022–23
*UEFA Europa League runner-up: 2019–20

**Al Nassr**
*Arab Club Champions Cup: 2023

**Croatia**
*FIFA World Cup runner-up: 2018; third place: 2022
* UEFA Nations League runner-up: 2022–23

**Individual**
*UEFA Europa League Squad of the Season: 2019–20
*Serie A Best Midfielder: 2021–22
*Serie A Player of the Month: April 2022
*Serie A Team of the Year: 2021–22

**Orders**
*Order of Duke Branimir: 2018

## References
A Good Heart

"**A Good Heart**" is a 1985 song by Northern Irish singer Feargal Sharkey. It is the first single from his first studio album *Feargal Sharkey*. The song  went to number 1 in the United Kingdom, Australia, Ireland, the Netherlands and Belgium, number 74 in the United States, number 3 in New Zealand, South Africa and Switzerland and number 4 in Germany and Canada.

## Formats
## References
Oscar Palma

**Oscar Palma** is a weightlifter from Colombia. Palma competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics. He was born on 7 October 1955.

## References
Oscar Penagos

**Oscar Penagos** is a retired weightlifter from Colombia. Penagos competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics and the 1988 Summer Olympics. He was born on 2 August 1964.

## References
Tolentino Murillo

**Tolentino Murillo** is a weightlifter from Colombia. Murillo competed at the 1988 Summer Olympics. He was born on 29 August 1967.

## References
Too Close (Next song)

"**Too Close**" is a 1998 song recorded by American pop boy band Next. It was taken from their debut studio album *Rated Next*. It contains a sample of *Christmas Rapping* by Kurtis Blow. It went to number 1 in the United States and New Zealand, number 24 in the United Kingdom, number 75 in Scotland, number 12 in Australia and number 2 in Canada.

## Blue version
In 2001, British band Blue covered "Too Close" for their debut studio album *All Rise*. It went to number 1 in the United Kingdom and New Zealand, number 5 in Australia, number 2 in Scotland, number 19 in Norway and number 17 in Ireland.

### Track listings
**UK and Australian CD single**
# "Too Close" (radio edit) – 3:45
# "Too Close" (Blacksmith R&B club rub) – 5:41
# "Too Close" (instrumental) – 3:45
# "Too Close" (video) – 3:45

**UK cassette single and European CD single**
# "Too Close" (radio edit) – 3:45
# "Too Close" (Blacksmith R&B club rub) – 5:41

## References
Youth Gone Wild

"**Youth Gone Wild**" is the debut single from American glam metal band Skid Row. It is the leading single from their debut studio album *Skid Row* and went to number 99 in the United States and number 22 in the United Kingdom when it charted in 1992.

## Track listing
### 7" vinyl, CC, Japan mini CD
# "Youth Gone Wild"
# "Sweet Little Sister"

### UK 7" shaped vinyl
# "Youth Gone Wild"
# "Rattleshake Snake (live)"

### UK 12" vinyl
# "Youth Gone Wild"
# "Makin' A Mess (live)
# "Sweet Little Sister"

### Youth Gone Wild/Delivering The Goods UK 7" vinyl, CC (1992)
# "Youth Gone Wild"
# "Delivering the Goods" (live, Judas Priest cover)

### Youth Gone Wild/Delivering The Goods UK 12" vinyl, CD (1992)
# "Youth Gone Wild"
# "Delivering the Goods" (live, Judas Priest cover)
# "Psycho Therapy (Ramones cover)"
# "Get the Fuck Out"

## References
Paper Plane (song)

"**Paper Plane**" is a 1972 song by British rock band Status Quo. It was taken from their fifth studio album *Piledriver*. It went to number 8 in the United Kingdom, number 11 in Ireland and number 42 in Germany. In 2007, it was covered by Persephone's Bees.
Are You Growing Tired of My Love

"**Are You Growing Tired of My Love**" is a 1969 song by British rock band Status Quo. It was taken from their second studio album *Spare Parts*. It went to number 46 in the United Kingdom.

## Track listing 
# "Are You Growing Tired of My Love" (A King) – 3:33
# "So Ends Another Life" (Lancaster) – 3:10
Ice in the Sun

"**Ice in the Sun**" is a 1968 song by British band Status Quo and is the third single from their debut studio album *Picturesque Matchstickable Messages from the Status Quo*. It went to number 8 in the United Kingdom, number 70 in the United States, number 29 in Canada, number 17 in Ireland and Germany and number 48 in Belgium and Australia.

## References
Pyelonephritis

**Pyelonephritis**  is inflammation of the kidney. Bacterial infection is a common cause. Inflammation may affect one or both kidneys. Symptoms most often include fever and the side of the body hurting between the ribs and the hips. Other symptoms include nausea, a burning feeling when urinating (peeing), and unusually frequent urination. In some cases, a stay in hospital may be required. Urinating after sex and drinking a lot of water may prevent it.

## References
1884 United States presidential election

The **1884 United States presidential election** was the 25th election in the history of the United States. It occurred on November 4, 1884. This election was between Governor Grover Cleveland of New York and former Secretary of State James G. Blaine of Maine. Cleveland won the election with 219 electoral votes. Blaine got only 182 electoral votes.

## Candidates 
### Democratic Party 
#### Presidential 
* Grover Cleveland, 28th Governor of New York (1883-1885) *(Nominee)*
* Thomas F. Bayard, U.S. senator of Delaware (1863-1885)
* Thomas A. Hendricks, 16th Governor of Indiana (1873-1877) *(Vice-Presidential Nominee) (1876 Democratic Vice-Presidential Nominee)*
* Allen G. Thurman, Former U.S. senator from Ohio (1869-1881)
* Samuel J. Randall, 29th Speaker of the House (1876-1881) and Congressman from Pennsylvania (1863-1875; 1875-1890) 
* John G. Carlisle, 31st Speaker of the House (1883-1889) and Congressman from Kentucky (1877-1890) 
* George Hoadly, 36th Governor of Ohio (1884-1886)
* John C. Black, Brevet Brigadier General from Illinois (1866-1915) *(Withdrawn)*
* George W. Click, 9th Governor of Kansas (1883-1885) *(Withdrawn)*
* Joseph E. McDonald, Former U.S. Senator from Indiana (1875-1881) *(Withdrawn)*
* William Rosecrans, Major General and Congressman from California (1881-1885) *(Withdrawn)*

#### Vice-Presidential 
* Thomas A. Hendricks, Former Governor of Indiana (1873-1877) *(Vice-Presidential Nominee) (1876 Democratic Vice-Presidential Nominee)*

### Republican Party 
#### Presidential 
* James G. Blaine, Former Secretary of State from Maine (1881; 1889-1892) *(Nominee)*
* Chester A. Arthur, 21st President of the United States from New York (1881-1885)
* George F. Edmunds, President Pro Tempore of the United States Senate(1883-1885) and Senator from Vermont (1866-1891) 
* John A. Logan, U.S. senator from Illinois (1871-1877; 1879-1886) *(Vice-Presidential Nominee)*
* John Sherman, U.S. senator from Ohio (1861-1877; 1881-1897)
* Joseph R. Hawley, U.S. senator from Connecticut (1881-1905)
* Robert Todd Lincoln, Secretary of War from Illinois (1881-1885) (Son of Abraham Lincoln) *(Declined to contest)*
* William T. Sherman, former Commanding General of the United States Army from Ohio (1869-1883) *(Declined to contest)* 
* Philip Sheridan, Lieutenant General of the United States Army from New York (1869-1888) *(Declined to contest)*

#### Vice-Presidential 
* John A. Logan, U.S. senator from Illinois (1871-1877; 1879-1886) *(Vice-Presidential Nominee)*
* Walter Q. Gresham, Postmaster General from Indiana (1893-1894)
* Joseph B. Foraker, Unsuccessful Republican Candidate in the 1883 Ohio Gubernational Election (Later served as Governor of Ohio from 1886-1890 and as Senator of Ohio from 1897-1909)

## References
List of constituencies of the National Assembly of France

There are 577 constituencies () of the National Assembly of France. 539 of these are in Metropolitan France, 27 are in Overseas France and 11 are for French people living overseas.

## List of constituencies
### Metropolitan France
### Overseas France
#### Guadeloupe
#### Martinique
#### French Guiana
#### Réunion
#### Saint Pierre and Miquelon
#### Mayotte
#### Saint Barthélemy and Saint Martin
#### Wallis and Futuna
#### French Polynesia
#### New Caledonia
### French residents overseas
## References
Ichthyosporea

The **Ichthyosporea** (or **DRIP** clade, or **Mesomycetozoea**) is a group of microscopic organisms within the Opisthokont group. They are mostly parasites of fish and other animals.

## Terminology
The original name, *ichthyosporea*, described the first discovered species in the group (such as Sphaeroforma arctica). They were all parasites of fish.

## Phylogeny
Its main groups are Dermocystida and Ichthyophonida
{{clade
| style= font-size:90%; line-height:100%; line-width:150%
| label1= Mesomycetozoa
| 1= {{clade
    |label1=Dermocystida
    |1=
  |label2=Ichthyophonida
  |2={{Clade
    |label1=Creolimacidae
    |1=
    |2={{Clade
      |label1=*Psorospermidae*
      |1=*Psorospermis*
      |2={{Clade
        |label1=Piridae
        |1=
        |label2=Trichomycina
        |2={{Clade
          |label1=Amoebidiidae
          |1=*Amoebidium*
          |2={{Clade
            |label1=Ichthyophonidae
            |1=*Ichthyophonus*
            |2=
         }}
       }}
     }}
   }}
  }}
 }}
}}

## References
All or Nothing (Cher song)

"**All or Nothing**" is a 1999 song by Cher. It is the third single from her 22nd studio album *Believe* and went to the top 10 in Finland, Czech Republic, Scotland, Hungary, number 12 in the United Kingdom, number 14 in Denmark, number 62 in Australia, number 38 in the United States and number 28 in New Zealand.

## Track listings
### "All or Nothing"
**UK CD1**
# "All or Nothing" – 3:58
# "All or Nothing" (Almighty Definitive mix) – 8:32
# "All or Nothing" (K-Klass Klub mix) – 7:02

**UK CD2**
# "All or Nothing" – 3:58
# "All or Nothing" (Metro radio mix) – 3:59
# "All or Nothing" (Almighty radio edit) – 3:37
# "All or Nothing" (K-Klass radio mix) – 3:50

**UK 12-inch single**
:A1. "All or Nothing" (Almighty Definitive mix) – 8:32
:B1. "All or Nothing" (K-Klass Klub mix) – 7:02
:B2. "All or Nothing" (Bunker dub) – 7:17

**UK cassette single**
# "All or Nothing" – 3:58
# "All or Nothing" (Almighty radio edit) – 3:37

**European CD single**
# "All or Nothing" (Metro mix) – 3:59
# "All or Nothing" (Almighty Definitive mix) – 8:32

**Australian CD single**
# "All or Nothing" (Metro mix) – 3:59
# "All or Nothing" (Almighty radio edit) – 3:37
# "All or Nothing" (K-Klass radio mix) – 3:50
# "All or Nothing" (Almighty Definitive mix) – 8:32
# "All or Nothing" (K-Klass Klub mix) – 7:02
# "Strong Enough" (Club 69 Future Anthem short mix edit) – 8:39

**Japanese CD single**
# "All or Nothing" – 3:58
# "All or Nothing" (Metro mix) – 3:59
# "All or Nothing" (Almighty radio edit) – 3:37
# "All or Nothing" (K-Klass radio mix) – 3:50
# "All or Nothing" (Almighty Definitive mix) – 8:32
# "All or Nothing" (K-Klass Klub mix) – 7:01
# "All or Nothing" (Bunker dub) – 7:16

### "All or Nothing" / "Dov'è l'amore"
**US maxi-CD single**
# "All or Nothing" (Danny Tenaglia international mix)
# "All or Nothing" (Metro radio mix)
# "All or Nothing" (Danny Tenaglia Cherbot Vocadub)
# "All or Nothing" (Almighty Definitive mix)
# "Dov'è l'amore" (Todd Terry's TNT club mix)
# "Dov'è l'amore" (Tony Moran's Anthem mix)
# "Dov'è l'amore" (Ray Roc's Latin soul vocal mix)
# "Dov'è l'amore" (Tee's radio mix)
# "Dov'è l'amore" (Tony Moran's Anthem 7-inch mix)
# "Dov'è l'amore" (Ray Roc's radio mix)

**US 2×12-inch single**
:A1. "All or Nothing" (Danny Tenaglia international mix) – 9:46
:A2. "All or Nothing" (Almighty Definitive mix) – 8:32
:B1. "All or Nothing" (Danny Tenaglia Cherbot Vocadub) – 12:37
:B2. "All or Nothing" (Metro radio mix) – 3:59
:C1. "Dov'è l'amore" (Todd Terry's TNT club mix) – 6:56
:C2. "Dov'è l'amore" (Tony Moran's Anthem mix) – 9:54
:D1. "Dov'è l'amore" (Ray Roc's Latin soul vocal mix) – 9:37
:D2. "Dov'è l'amore" (Todd Terry's MT's club mix) – 6:52

## References
SAS: Who Dares Wins

***SAS: Who Dares Wins*** is a reality television show in the United Kingdom where contestants are put through a military training course which includes aspects from the real-life United Kingdom Special Forces selection course. Until series 4, only male contestants were allowed until the Ministry of Defence announced that women were allowed to apply to be in the Special Forces.

The contestants are directed by a group of actual army and combat professionals who take them through harsh environments and training courses. There is no official elimination process, but contestants may withdraw or be removed from the process. In the end, the contestants who pass the course are the winners.

There have been eight seasons of the show. The eighth was the final season because the show wanted to focus on the celebrity version, which follows an identical format.

## Celebrity version 
### Series 1 (2019) 
### Series 2 (2020) 
### Series 3 (2021) 
### Series 4 (2022)
Love Is the Drug

"**Love Is the Drug**" is a 1975 song by English rock band Roxy Music. It is the leading single from their fifth studio album *Siren*. It went to number 2 in the United Kingdom, number 3 in Canada, number 30 in the United States, number 18 in Australia, number 24 in New Zealand, number 9 in the Netherlands and number 15 in Belgium. It was covered by Jamaican singer Grace Jones in 1980.

## References
Günther Hasler

**Günther Hasler** is a middle-distance runner from Liechtenstein. Hasler competed at the 1976 Summer Olympics. He was born on 2 May 1951.

## References
Bobby Mills

**Albert Robert Mills** was a long-distance runner from England. Mills competed at the 1920 and 1924 Summer Olympics. He was born on 16 January 1894 and died on 6 December 1964.

## References
Ján Žiška

**Ján Žiška** is a rower from Slovakia. Žiška competed at the 1996 Summer Olympics and the 2000 Summer Olympics. He was born on 29 January 1971.

## References
Marijke Zeekant

**Marijke Zeekant** is a rower from Netherlands. Zeekant competed at the 1988 Summer Olympics. She was born on 12 December 1956.

## References
Bruno Barabani

**Bruno Barabani** is a retired weightlifter from Brazil. Barabani competed at the 1952 Summer Olympics, the 1956 Summer Olympics and the 1960 Summer Olympics. He was born on 26 July 1932 and died on 28 March 2015.

## References
Luiz de Almeida

**Luiz de Almeida** is a weightlifter from Brazil. Almeida competed at the 1968 Summer Olympics and the 1972 Summer Olympics. He was born on 20 August 1941.

## References
Aad de Koning

**Aad de Koning** was a speed skater from Netherlands. Koning competed at the 1948 Winter Olympics. He was born on 25 December 1928 and died on 29 May 2010.

## References
Khalifa Diouf

**Khalifa Ababacar Diouf** is a retired judoka from Senegal. Diouf competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics, the 1992 Summer Olympics, and the 1996 Summer Olympics. He was born on 24 March 1958.

## References
Víctor Martín

**Víctor Martín** is a swimmer from Spain. Martín competed at the 2016 Summer Olympics. He was born on 25 September 1993.

## References
Abdoulaye Djiba

**Abdoulaye Djiba** is a judoka from Senegal. Djiba competed at the 1972 Summer Olympics and the 1976 Summer Olympics. He was born on 7 July 1938.

## References
M'Bagnick M'Bodj

'''M'Bagnick M'Bodj''' is a judoka from Senegal. M'Bodj competed at the 1972 Summer Olympics. He was born on 7 August 1940.

## References
Mohamed Hamad

**Mohamed Hamad** is a retired wrestler from Egypt. Hamad competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics. He was born on 10 September 1951.

## References
Dick ten Cate

**Dick ten Cate** (24 March 1914 – 13 December 1969) was a equestrian from the Netherlands. Ten Cate competed at the 1948 Summer Olympics.

## References 
## Other websites 
*
Iván Mangual

**Félix Iván Mangual Guilbe** is a sprinter from Puerto Rico. Mangual competed at the 1976 Summer Olympics. He was born on 22 July 1951.

## References
Abdel Fattah Sayed Ibrahim

**Abdel Fattah Sayed Ibrahim** is a retired wrestler from Egypt. Ibrahim competed at the 1972 Summer Olympics. He was born on 3 February 1947.

## References
Monnickendam

**Monnickendam** is a city in the Dutch province of North Holland. It is a part of the municipality of Waterland. It has had city rights since 1355.

## References 
## Other websites 
*
Maranello

**Maranello** is a city and *comune* in the Province of Modena in Emilia-Romagna in northern Italy. It is 18&nbsp;km from Modena. 17,504 people lived there in 2017. It is known worldwide as the home of Ferrari and the Formula 1 racing team Scuderia Ferrari.

## References
Teun Buijs

**Teun Buijs** is a volleyball player from Netherlands. Buijs competed at the 1988 Summer Olympics. He was born on 24 February 1960.

## References
Pogliano Milanese

**Pogliano Milanese** is a *comune* in the Metropolitan City of Milan in the Lombardy region in Italy.

## References
Boubacar Sow

**Boubacar Sow** is a judoka from Senegal. Sow competed at the 1980 Summer Olympics. He was born on 28 November 1957.

## References
Vaduz Castle

**Vaduz Castle** is a castle in Liechtenstein which serves as the home of the royal family of Liechtenstein. 

It was built in the 12th century by the Counts of Vaduz. It was bought by the Liechtenstein family in 1712.

The castle is located on a hill and overlooks the town of Vaduz.
Belfast Child

"**Belfast Child**" is a 1989 song by Scottish band Simple Minds and is the leading single from their eighth studio album *Street Fighting Years*. It went to number 1 in the United Kingdom, the Netherlands and Ireland and also went to the top ten in New Zealand, Belgium, Greece, Germany, Switzerland, Norway, Italy and Spain.

## Track listings
**7" vinyl**

**12" vinyl**

**CD**

## References
Common Technical Document

The **Common Technical Document** (**CTD**) is a set of rules for information to be supplied for the registration of medicines.  It was made by the European Medicines Agency, the Food and Drug Administration and the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (Japan) in 1989. It is now used in most of the world.  It was adopted in Australia in 2004.   It means that medicines can be traded across borders.

PipelinePharma has an online marketplace with  more than 9 900 European CTD dossiers.

## References
Busto Garolfo

**Busto Garolfo** () is a *comune* in the Metropolitan City of Milan in the Lombardy region in Italy.

## References
Villeneuve-lès-Charnod

**Villeneuve-lès-Charnod** is a former commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Jura department in east France. On 1 January 2017, it was merged into the commune of Aromas.

## References
Blackwater (disambiguation)

**Blackwater** or **Black Water** may refer to:

## Health and ecology
* Blackwater (coal), liquid waste from coal preparation
* Blackwater (waste), wastewater containing feces, urine, and flushwater from flush toilets
* Blackwater fever, an acute kidney disease
* Blackwater river, a classification of river with dark-colored waters

## Places
* Blackwater, Queensland, a coal mining area in Australia
* Blackwater, Ontario, a community in the Township of Brock, Ontario, Canada
* Blackwater, County Wexford, a rural village in Ireland

### United Kingdom
* Blackwater, Cornwall, a village
* Blackwater, Dorset, a small hamlet
* Blackwater, Hampshire, a small town
** Blackwater railway station
* Blackwater, Isle of Wight, a village
** Blackwater railway station (Isle of Wight), a former station
* Blackwater Reservoir, a reservoir in the Scottish Highlands

### United States
* Blackwater, Arizona, a census-designated place in Pinal County
* Blackwater National Wildlife Refuge, a waterfowl sanctuary in Maryland
* Blackwater, Missouri, a city
* Blackwater, New Mexico, a power exchange between Texas and New Mexico
* Blackwater Dam, a flood control dam in New Hampshire
* Blackwater Draw, an archaeological site in New Mexico and a dry watercourse that extends across the Llano Estacado, Texas
* Blackwater Canyon, a gorge in West Virginia

## Rivers
* Black Water (Conon), a river in the highlands of Scotland
* Blackwater River (Kerry), a river in County Kerry
* River Blackwater, County Cavan, a river in the north-west of County Cavan, Ireland
* Munster Blackwater, a river in the counties of Kerry, Cork, and Waterford, Ireland, also known as Blackwater
* Kells Blackwater, a river in the counties of Cavan and Meath, Ireland, also known as the Leinster Blackwater
* River Blackwater (Northern Ireland), a river which runs through County Armagh and County Tyrone, Northern Ireland, as well as County Monaghan, Ireland
* River Blackwater, Essex, England
Aromas, Jura

**Aromas** is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Jura department in east France. On 1 January 2017, the former commune of Villeneuve-lès-Charnod was merged into Aromas.

## References
Child slavery

. 'An Arab master's punishment for a slight offence.' .]]

 requires small hands, carpet-weaving is often done by children. This is a case of child labor]]
**Child slavery** the fact that children are made slaves, or they are made to work like slaves. Even though slavery has been made illegal, child slavery is still a problem in many developing countries. Many children have to live and work in slave-like conditions. Another problem is that children are being trafficked.

Some children are recruited to serve as child soldiers in wars, others are forcibly being married as children.Apart from the aspect that children have to work like adults, some are being forced to work as prostitutes.

## Related pages 
*Slavery in the 21st century
*Supplementary Convention on the Abolition of Slavery
7th Street/Metro Center station

The **7th Street/Metro Center station** is a light rail and rapid transit station hub located in Downtown Los Angeles. This station serves two rapid transit lines (B & D) and two light rail lines (A & E), all belonging to the Los Angeles Metro Rail. The station was built by the Southern California Rapid Transit District (RTD) and opened on February 15, 1991. The station also connects to the Metro Busway (J) and has direct entry to The Bloc shopping center.

## References
Pharmacovigilance

**Pharmacovigilance** also known as **drug safety**, is the science of "collection, detection, assessment, monitoring, and prevention" of adverse effects of medicines.  Side effects are common with most medicines.  Mistakes such as overdose, and misuse and abuse of a drug as well as drug exposure during pregnancy and breastfeeding are also studied.   To sell or test a pharmaceutical product in most countries, information about these adverse events has to be collected and reported.

## References
Cryptista

**Cryptista** is a clade of eukaryotes. It is related to Archaeplastida, and is in the group Diaphoretickes.

Although it has sometimes been put with Haptista in the group Hacrobia, which is in the kingdom Chromista, studies have said that Hacrobia is not a clade.

## Taxonomy
Based on studies done by Cavalier-Smith, Chao & Lewis 2015
**Corbihelia*
** Phylum Microheliellida Tedersoo 2017 [Endohelia Cavalier-Smith 2015]
*** Class Endohelea Cavalier-Smith 2012
* Clade **Cryptista** s.s.
** Phylum Palpitophyta Tedersoo 2017
*** Class Palpitea Cavalier-Smith 2012
** Clade Rollomonadia Cavalier-Smith 2013 stat. nov.
*** Phylum Kathablepharidophyta Okamoto & Inouye 2005 [Leucocrypta Cavalier-Smith 2015]
**** Class Leucocryptea Cavalier-Smith 2004 [Kathablepharidea (sic) Okamoto & Inouye 2005; Kathablepharidophyceae]
*** Phylum Cryptophyta Pascher 1913 em. Adl et al. 2012 (Cryptomonada Cavalier-Smith 2004 sta. n.]
**** Class Goniomonadea Cavalier-Smith 1993
**** Class Cryptophyceae Fritsch 1937

## References
## Other websites
* Tree of Life: Hacrobia
Over You (Roxy Music song)

"**Over You**" is a 1980 song by English rock band Roxy Music. It is the leading single from their seventh studio album *Flesh and Blood*. It went to number 5 in the United Kingdom, number 80 in the United States, number 24 in New Zealand and the Netherlands, number 6 in Ireland and number 45 in Australia.

## References
Laparoscopy

**Laparoscopy** is a surgical technique. It is commonly called "keyhole surgery". The surgery is done through a small incision (~opening or cut). This is a "minimally invasive procedure". Its benefits include: reduced pain, reduced bleeding, and shorter recovery time. 
It needs special surgical instruments, and a fibre optic system so the surgeon can see into the right place.

The first laparoscopic procedure was performed by German surgeon Georg Kelling in 1901.

## References
Hypomania

**Hypomania** is a condition similar to mania but less severe. The symptoms are similar with elevated mood, increased activity, decreased need for sleep, grandiosity, racing thoughts, and the like. However, hypomanic episodes differ in that they do not cause significant distress or impair one's work, family, or social life in an obvious way while manic episodes do.

Hypomanic people tend to be unusually cheerful, have more than ample energy, and need little sleep. Hypomania is a pleasurable state. It may confer a heightened sense of creativity and power. However, hypomania can subtly impair a person's judgment. Too much confidence can hide the consequences of decisions.

Hypomania can be difficult to diagnose because it may seem like mere happiness. It is important to diagnose hypomania because, as an expression of bipolar disorder, it can cycle into depression and carry an increased risk of suicide.

Hypomania has a reputation for being difficult to treat. There are anti-psychotics and anti-manic drugs, but above all, a person who shows these symptoms needs specialist attention.

## References
Villa Cortese

**Villa Cortese** is a *comune* in the Metropolitan City of Milan in the Lombardy region in Italy.

## References
European Medicines Agency

The **European Medicines Agency** (**EMA**) is an agency of the European Union. It manages the  evaluation and quality of pharmaceutical products.  It started in 1995.  The idea was to make it easier for companies to sell medicines in all the different countries without having to meet different rules in each one. It also encourages competition across borders. 

Until 2019 it was in London, but after Brexit it moved to Amsterdam.

It checks the safety of medicines through a pharmacovigilance network which collects adverse drug reaction reports.

## References
Hans Adam I, Prince of Liechtenstein

**Hans-Adam I** (16 August 1662 – 16 June 1712) was the 3rd Prince of Liechtenstein and the first holder of the title to rule over the Principality of Liechtenstein.

He was the son of Prince Karl Eusebius. Hans-Adam inherited his title after Karl Eusebius died in 1984.

His family, the House of Liechtenstein were nobles in the Holy Roman Empire. They came from a castle in Austria named Liechtenstein Castle. Hans-Adam I was also the Duke of Troppau and Duke of Jägerndorf.

He was the owner of many art collections and was known for being very rich.

In 1699, Hans-Adam I bought the Lordship of Schellenberg. In 1712, he also bought the County of Vaduz. He combined the two territories to form the Principality of Liechtenstein.

Hans-Adam I had seven children. He was succeeded as Prince of Liechtenstein by Joseph-Wenzel I, his cousin.

## Sources
Raorchestes flaviventris

The **yellow-bellied bush frog** or **Malabar bubble-nest frog** (*Raorchestes flaviventris*) is a frog.  It lives in India. Scientists have seen it in the Western Ghat Mountains, between 1249 and 1900 meters above sea level.

This frog lives in forests with evergreen trees. It lives 2-4 meters over the ground. People have also seen it in cardamom farms but only at the edges, and only in farms near forests. This frog hatches out of its egg as a small frog and never swims as a tadpole.

Scientists think this frog is in some danger of dying out because it does not live in many places, and human beings still cut down trees there. Scientists think there are five or six groups of this frog. Two of the places this frog lives are protected parks: Eravikulam National Park and Anamalai Tiger Reserve.

## References
Oh Yeah (Roxy Music song)

"**Oh Yeah**" also known as "'''Oh Yeah (There's a Band Playing on the Radio)**" or "**Oh Yeah (On the Radio)'*" is a 1980 song by English rock band Roxy Music. It is the second single from their seventh studio album *Flesh and Blood''. It went to number 5 in the United Kingdom, number 39 in the Netherlands and number 14 in Germany and was released as a single in the United States but did not chart there.

## References
Tupi language

The Tupí Language was the language spoken by the indigenous Tupí People of Brazil. It was related to Guarani. When Portuguese colonizers first came to Brazil, many of the first people they met spoke Tupí. The Portuguese learned the language so that they could talk to the Tupí and convert them to Christianity. Tupí became a lingua franca of Brazil for many years. Its use was encouraged by Jesuit missionaries.

In 1759, the Prime Minister of Brazil forced the Jesuits to leave. More Portuguese settlers that did not speak Tupí moved to Brazil around the same time. These things made most Brazilians want to speak Portuguese instead of Tupí. While Old Tupí is no longer spoken, the Nheengatu language is descended from it.
Micro (watches)

The company **Relojes Micro**, founded previously but known at least since 1956 by its trademark **Micro**, is a Spanish historical manufacturer of alarm clocks, mantel clocks, wristwatches, automatic watches, specializing in pouch alarm clocks for many years, being one of the leading companies in the sector in Spain.

## History 
Throughout the years, the company made an important contribution to the world of watchmaking, by producing a wide range of alarm clocks, manufacturing the cases in its Spanish factory, it assembled Swiss movements until the 1970s. After that, like most Spanish brands of that time, manufacturing was abandoned, using Asian movements. At the decade of 1990s began to include wristwatches with quartz movements. In 2012 they relaunched the brand, expanding the range of watches, and currently the quartz movements are mainly Japanese, together with some Chinese automatic movements.

Finally, it was acquired by Comercial Ferreiro SA, with its headquarters, a typical building, the "Edificio MICRO", at 60th Avenida Trueba in Madrid, which has the logo MICRO on the façade.

## References 
## Other websites 
* 
* 
*
The Way You Do the Things You Do

"**The Way You Do the Things You Do**" is a 1964 song by The Temptations. It appears on their studio albums *Meet the Temptations* and *The Temptations Sing Smokey*. It went to number 11 in the United States and number 43 in Canada. It went on to be covered by The Supremes, Rita Coolidge, Hall & Oates who received a Grammy Award nomination in 1986 and UB40 in 1989 for the movie *Black Rain* and made number 6 in the United States.

## References
Babacar Sidibé

**Babacar Sidibé** is a judoka from Senegal. Sidibé competed at the 1972 Summer Olympics. He was born on 25 May 1936.

## References
Pierre Sène

**Pierre Yves Fily Sène** is a retired judoka from Senegal. Sène competed at the 1988 Summer Olympics and the 1992 Summer Olympics. He was born on 5 April 1964.

## References
Malick Seck

**Malick Seck** is a judoka from Senegal. Seck competed at the 1992 Summer Olympics. He was born on 7 April 1964.

## References
Ambroise Sarr

**Ambroise Sarr** was a wrestler from Senegal. Sarr competed at the 1976, 1980, 1984 and the 1988 Summer Olympics. He was born on 14 December 1950.

## References
What Makes a Man

"**What Makes a Man**" is a 2000 song by Irish group Westlife. It is the third single from their second studio album *Coast to Coast*. It went to number 2 in the United Kingdom, Ireland and Scotland and missed out topping the single charts in the United Kingdom, Ireland and Scotland.

## Track listings
**UK CD1 and cassette single**
# "What Makes a Man" (single remix)
# "I'll Be There"
# "My Girl"

**UK CD2**
# "What Makes a Man" (single remix)
# "I'll Be There"
# "What Becomes of the Brokenhearted"

## References
Moussa Sall

**Moussa Sall** is a retired judoka from Senegal. Sall competed at the 1992 Summer Olympics. He was born on 8 September 1966.

## References
You'll See

"'''You'll See'*" is a 1995 song by Madonna and is the first single from her ballads compilation album *Something to Remember*. It went to number 6 in the United States, Sweden and Italy, number 5 in the United Kingdom, Austria and Scotland, number 2 in Finland and Canada, number 17 in New Zealand, number 9 in Australia, number 20 in the Netherlands and Iceland, number 13 in Ireland and number 15 in Germany. It has been covered by Shirley Bassey and Susan Boyle.

## Track listings
* *'US 7-inch single 
# "You'll See" (LP Version)&nbsp;– 4:39
# "Live To Tell" (Live Edit)&nbsp;– 6:22

* '''US CD single
# "You'll See" (LP Version)&nbsp;– 4:39
# "You'll See" (Instrumental)&nbsp;– 4:44
# "Verás/Spanish Version"&nbsp;– 4:21
# "Live to Tell" (Live)&nbsp;– 8:15

* **US CD maxi-single**
# "You'll See" (LP Version)&nbsp;– 4:39
# "You'll See" (Instrumental)&nbsp;– 4:44
# "Verás/Spanish Version"&nbsp;– 4:21
# "Live to Tell" (Live)&nbsp;– 8:14

* **European CD single**
# "You'll See" (Edit)&nbsp;– 4:15
# "Rain" (LP Version)&nbsp;– 5:28
# "You'll See" (Instrumental)&nbsp;– 4:44

## References
New York Groove

"**New York Groove**" was written in 1975 by Russ Ballard (released by the band 'Hello') and covered in 1978 song by Ace Frehley from glam rock band Kiss and taken from his 1978 album *Ace Frehley*. It went to number 13 in the United States, number 29 in Australia, number 24 in New Zealand, number 25 in Canada and number 4 in South Africa. The original version was released in 1975 by glam rock band Hello.

## References
Wild Is the Wind (song)

"**Wild is the Wind**" is a 1957 song by Johnny Mathis and is the title track to the 1957 movie *Wild Is the Wind*. It went to number 22 in the United States and was nominated an Academy Award in 1958. It has many covered by Nina Simone, David Bowie and George Michael.

## References
Runaway (Del Shannon song)

"**Runaway**" is a 1961 debut single from Del Shannon. It is the leading single from debut studio album *Runaway with Del Shannon* and went to number 1 in the United States, the United Kingdom, Australia, New Zealand, Chile and Canada and number 2 in Ireland and the Netherlands. It went on to be covered by numerous artists including Bonnie Raitt in 1977.

## References
Labelled with Love

"**Labelled with Love**" is a 1981 song by British band Squeeze and is the third single from their fourth studio album *East Side Story*. It went to number 4 in the United Kingdom, number 2 in Ireland and number 46 in the Netherlands.

## Track listing
# "Labelled with Love" (4:44)
# "Squabs on Forty Fab" (4:45)

## References
When You Gonna Learn

"**When You Gonna Learn**" is a 1992 debut single by English funk band Jamiroquai. It is the leading single from their debut studio album *Emergency on Planet Earth* and was re-released in September 1993. It went to number 52 in the United Kingdom.

## Track listing
* **Acid Jazz Records CD single**
# "When You Gonna Learn" (Digeridoo) – 3:47
# "When You Gonna Learn" (Digeridon't) – 3:55
# "When You Gonna Learn" (JK Extended Mix) – 6:20
# "When You Gonna Learn" (Canté Hondo Mix) – 5:47
# "When You Gonna Learn" (Original Demo) – 4:50
# "When You Gonna Learn" (Canté Hondo Instrumental) – 5:47

* **Acid Jazz Records 12" vinyl**
# "When You Gonna Learn" (JK Extended Mix) – 6:20
# "When You Gonna Learn" (JK Instrumental) – 6:20
# "When You Gonna Learn" (Canté Hondo Mix) – 5:47
# "When You Gonna Learn" (Original Demo) – 4:50
# "When You Gonna Learn" (Digeridoo Instrumental) – 6:28

* **Acid Jazz Records 7" vinyl**
# "When You Gonna Learn" (Digeridoo) – 3:47
# "When You Gonna Learn" (Digeridon't) – 3:55

* **Sony Records CD single**
# "When You Gonna Learn" (Digeridoo) – 3:47
# "Didgin' Out" (Live at the Milky Way, Amsterdam) – 3:27
# "Too Young to Die" (Live at Leadmill, Sheffield) – 5:25
# "When You Gonna Learn" (Canté Hondo Mix) – 5:47

* **Sony Records Cassette single**
# "When You Gonna Learn" (Digeridoo) – 3:47
# "Didgin' Out" (Live at the Milky Way, Amsterdam) – 3:27

* **Sony Records 12" vinyl**
# "When You Gonna Learn" (JK Extended Mix) – 6:20
# "When You Gonna Learn" (JK Instrumental) – 6:20
# "When You Gonna Learn" (Live at Leadmill, Sheffield) – 9:50
# "When You Gonna Learn" (Canté Hondo Mix) – 5:47
# "When You Gonna Learn" (Original Demo) – 4:50
# "When You Gonna Learn" (Digeridoo Instrumental) – 6:28

* **Australian CD single** / **American CD single** / **American 12" vinyl**
# "When You Gonna Learn" (Digeridoo) – 3:47
# "When You Gonna Learn" (Digeridon't) – 3:55
# "When You Gonna Learn" (JK Extended Mix) – 6:20
# "When You Gonna Learn" (Canté Hondo Mix) – 5:47
# "When You Gonna Learn" (Original Demo) – 4:50
# "When You Gonna Learn" (Digeridoo Instrumental) – 6:28

* **American promotional CD single**
# "When You Gonna Learn" (Digeridoo Edit) – 2:57
# "When You Gonna Learn" (Digeridon't Edit) – 3:01

* **Japanese CD single**
# "When You Gonna Learn" (Digeridoo) – 3:47
# "Too Young To Die" (7" Edit) – 3"22
# "When You Gonna Learn" (Canté Hondo Mix) – 5:47
# "Too Young To Die" (12" Version) – 6:04

## References
No Aphrodisiac

"**No Aphrodisiac**" is a 1997 song by Australian band The Whitlams and is the second single from their third studio album *Eternal Nightcap*. It went to number 59 in Australia and number 47 in New Zealand. It won an APRA Music Award in 1998 for best song. It was covered by John Farnham in 2005 for his album *I Remember When I Was Young*.

## Track listings
There are four releases of the "No Aphrodisiac" single, one that consists of different mixes of the lead track and three versions which have different bonus tracks as detailed below:

**CD-Maxi: BYO-E8 (C) / EAN 9398603201025 (14 December 1997)**
# No Aphrodisiac (single mix) – 3:32
# Winter Lovin' – 3:22
# 1995 – 4:44
# Charlie No.3 – 4:24
# No Aphrodisiac (edit#1 mix) – 3:28

**BYO-E8 "No Aphrodisiac – The Remixes" (1998)**
# No Aphrodisiac (Single mix) – 3:29
# No Aphrodisiac (Room for your Dog mix) – 5:54
# No Aphrodisiac (Machine Gun Fellatio mix) – 4:23
# No Aphrodisiac (Headspace Caisidorpha mix) – 5:25
# No Aphrodisiac (Album mix) – 4:20

**BYO-E8 (A) "No Aphrodisiac" (1998)**
# No Aphrodisiac (single mix) – 3:29
# Gough – 3:16
# Met My Match – 3:36
# Up Against the Wall – 5:28
# No Aphrodisiac (edit#1 mix) – 3:28

**BYO-E8 (B)**
# No Aphrodisiac (single mix) – 3:29
# Where is She – 4:17
# I Make Hamburgers – 3:36
# You Sound Like Louis Burdett – 4:01
# No Aphrodisiac (edit#1 mix) – 3:28

## References