open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Wrongful death claim

**Wrongful death** is a claim  against a person who may be held liable for another person's death. A wrongful death lawsuits may be based on claims of negligence, misconduct, or a criminal act such as murder.

If the person accused of causing a wrongful death is charged with a crime, the wrongful death lawsuit may be filed after a criminal trial. It is possible to win a wrongful death lawsuit even if the person is acquitted of a crime that caused the death, because even though both trials may use the same evidence a wrongful death case has a lower standard of proof. Common law did not allow for wrongful deatlh lawsuits, as the right to bring a wrongful death claim belonged to the deceased person and died along with that person. In the United States, state and federal laws now allow for wrongful death cases in all U.S.jurisdictions.

* Loss of future earnings
* Loss of Benefits
* Loss of companionship
* Pain, suffering and/or mental anguish
* medical bills, funeral costs

Some states also allow recovery of punitive damages, an additional award that is intended to reform or deter the defendant and others from doing the same thing again. When available, punitive damages are normally awarded only for the most extreme cases, involving gross negligence, recklessness or intentional acts that result in death.

## Sources
Up-Tight

***Up Tight*** (also known as '''''Up-Tight Everything's Alright''''') is the fifth studio album by American singer-songwriter Stevie Wonder. It was released on May 4, 1966 by Tamla. The album reached No.33 on the Billboard Pop Album charts and No.2 on the R&B Albums charts. The album has the popular hit "Uptight (Everything's Alright)".

## Track listing 
#"Love a Go Go" (Beth Beatty, Ernie Shelby) - 2:46
#"Hold Me" (Morris Broadnax, Clarence Paul, Wonder) - 2:36
#"Blowin' in the Wind" (Bob Dylan) - 3:46(additional vocals by Clarence Paul)
#"Nothing's Too Good for My Baby" (Henry Cosby, Sylvia Moy, William Stevenson) - 2:39
#"Teach Me Tonight" (Sammy Cahn, Gene De Paul) - 2:39(additional vocals by The Four Tops)
#"Uptight (Everything's Alright)" (Wonder, Moy, Cosby) - 2:54
#"Ain't That Asking for Trouble" (Moy, Paul, Wonder) - 2:49
#"I Want My Baby Back" (Harvey Fuqua, Cornelius Grant, Eddie Kendricks, Norman Whitfield) - 2:49
#"Pretty Little Angel" (Paul, Mike Valvano, Wonder) - 2:12
#"Music Talk" (Ted Hull, Paul, Wonder) - 2:52
#"Contract on Love" (Janie Bradford, Lamont Dozier, Brian Holland) - 2:06
#"With a Child's Heart" (Vicky Basemore, Cosby, Moy) - 3:08

## References
Appellate court

An **appellate court**, commonly called an ***appeals court***, ***court of appeals*** (American English), ***appeal court*** (British English), ***court of second instance*** or ***second instance court***, is any court of law that hears an appeal of a trial court or other lower tribunal. In most jurisdictions, the court system is divided into at least three levels. The trial court, which initially hears cases and reviews evidence and testimony to determine the facts of the case. There is at least one  appellate court. The top level is a supreme court (or court of last resort) which primarily reviews the decisions of the intermediate courts. A jurisdiction's supreme court is that jurisdiction's highest appellate court. Appellate courts nationwide can operate by varying rules.

The authority of appellate courts to review decisions of lower courts varies widely from one jurisdiction to another. In some places, the appellate court has limited powers of review.  "Generally speaking, an appellate court's judgment provides 'the final directive of the appeals courts as to the matter appealed, setting out with specificity the court's determination that the action appealed from should be affirmed, reversed, remanded or modified'".

## References
Penza Oblast

**Penza Oblast** (, *Penzenskaya oblast*) is a  administrative division of Russia.

## Geography
Penza Oblast has over 3000 rivers; the overall length is 15,458&nbsp;km. In the waters of the Oblast, there are about 50 species of fish.

## History
The regional center of Penza was built in 1663 as a Russian fortress.

## Economy
Penza Oblast is a part of the Volga economic region.

## People 
Population of this oblast: 1,386,186 (2010).

Ethnic composition (2010):
* Russians - 86.8%
* Tatars - 6.4%
* others - 6.8%

### Notable people 
* Aristarkh Lentulov, avant-garde artist
* Mikhail Lermontov, poet, writer, dramaturge, painter and officer.
* Victor Skumin, philosopher, writer, psychologist, psychiatrist, psychotherapist, and medical doctor.

## Related pages
* Russia

## References 
## Other websites 
*People born in Penza Oblast
Legal liability

**Legal liability** is the legal responsibility a person has for their actions. It includes the responsibility to compensate another person for any harm or damages caused to them. Legal liability includes lawful obligations required by civil actions or torts. It can also include terms set by a contract, This requires proving the defendant failed to act in some way that caused harm to the plaintiff. To succeed the plaintiff must also show the connection of how a failure to act caused him or her injury or harm.

## References
Insular Celtic languages

**Insular Celtic languages** are the six Celtic languages that originated in the British Isles. All surviving Celtic languages are from the Insular Celtic group; the Continental Celtic languages (the other group) are now extinct. The six Insular Celtic languages of modern times can be divided into 2 groups:
* The Goidelic languages: Irish, Manx, and Scottish Gaelic They are also called "Q-Celtic" because of the use of a Q sound (spelled with a C or a K). When the Irish abbot and missionary Columba met the Pictish king Bruide they needed a translator. Columba spoke Q-Celtic while the Picts spoke P-Celtic.

## References
Idiophone

An **idiophone** is a type of musical instrument that makes sound from the material of the instrument itself. They do not use reeds, strings or resonators. Drums are not idiophones. Neither are stringed instruments. Examples of idiophones include the triangle, wood block, maracas, bell, and gong.

## References
Underwater Observatory Marine Park Eilat

**Underwater Observatory Marine Park Eilat** () is a park, conservation centre and aquarium in Eilat, Israel. It also has an underwater observatory in the Red Sea. It is located at the south of Eilat's Coral Beach Nature Reserve.  It was founded in 1974 and was the first of its kind in Israel. It is the biggest public aquarium in Israel, and it has over 800 species.

## Other websites 
* Coral World
Phil Taylor (musician)

**Phil "Philthy Animal" Taylor** (21 September 1954 – 11 November 2015) was a English rock drummer in the British heavy metal band Motörhead from 1975–1984 and 1987-1992 recording ten studio albums and the live album ''No Sleep 'til Hammersmith*. The classic mark IV Motörhead line-up consisted of Lemmy, Philthy Animal Taylor and Fast Eddie Clarke.

Taylor died in London of liver failure on 11 November 2015 at the age of 61.

## Discography
### Motörhead
**On Parole* (1975/1979)
**Motörhead* (1977)
**Overkill* (1979)
**Bomber* (1979)
**Ace of Spades* (1980)
**No Sleep 'til Hammersmith* (1981)
**Iron Fist* (1982)
**Another Perfect Day* (1983)
**Rock 'n' Roll* (1987)
**1916* (1991)
**March ör Die* (1992)

### Other recordings
**The Muggers* (album) *The Muggers Tapes'' Live recording from a brief spell of about 4 gigs Phil drummed with Fast Eddie Clarke on guitar, John 'Speedy' Keen, also on guitar, and Billy Wrath on bass. The album was released as a 'bonus' to a 'Best of Motorhead' release.
*''Philthy Phil & Fast Eddie (album) Naughty Old Santa's Christmas Classics* (1989)
**GMT One By One* 12" single (1989)
**GMT War Games* CD release of same tracks + one other (1991)
**The Deviants Have Left The Planet* (album) drummed with Ladbroke Grove pals Mick Farren on vocals, Larry Wallis on guitar, etc. (1999)
**Sheep In Wolves' Clothing'' Motorheadbangers fan club tribute CD. The Deviants Mick Farren vocals, Andy Colquhoun, guitar, David Ito, bass and Philthy, drums; re-recorded the Motorhead / Farren song 'Lost Johnny' for the CD - released 7 April 2008.

### Other appearances
*Taylor appears, dressed in drag, part way through the Girlschool promotional video for their song "Yeah, Right".
**Classic Albums - Ace Of Spades* DVD. Taylor is in interview and playing drums on several of the *Ace Of Spades* albums classic tracks.

## References
## Other websites
* Phil Taylor at MySpace
* The Web of Spider at MySpace
Down to Earth (Stevie Wonder album)

***Down to Earth*** is the sixth studio album by American singer-songwriter Stevie Wonder, released on November 16, 1966 on the Tamla label. It was his second album to have been released in 1966, as *Up-Tight* had been released earlier on in the year.

## Track listing
Side One
#"A Place in the Sun" (Ron Miller, Bryan Wells) 2:52
#"Bang Bang" (Sonny Bono) 2:42
#"Down to Earth" (Ron Miller, Avery Vanderberg) 2:50
#"Thank You Love" (Henry Cosby, Sylvia Moy, Wonder) 2:55
#"Be Cool, Be Calm (And Keep Yourself Together)" (Cosby, Moy, Wonder) 2:43
#"Sylvia" (Cosby, Moy, Wonder) 2:34

Side Two
#"My World Is Empty Without You" (Holland-Dozier-Holland) 2:53
#"The Lonesome Road" (Gene Austin, Nat Shilkret) 3:06
#"Angel Baby (Don't You Ever Leave Me)" (Cosby, Moy) 2:45
#"Mr. Tambourine Man" (Bob Dylan) 2:30
#"Sixteen Tons" (Merle Travis) 2:42
#"Hey Love" (Morris Broadnax, Clarence Paul, Wonder) 2:41

## Personnel
*Stevie Wonder – harmonica, keyboards, drums, percussion, vocals 
*The Originals - backing vocals
*The Andantes - backing vocals
*Benny Benjamin – drums
*James Jamerson – bass
*The Funk Brothers – instrumentation
*Clarence Paul and Henry Cosby – producers

## References
Klaus Roth

**Klaus Friedrich Roth** (29 October 1925 &ndash; 10 November 2015) was a German-British mathematician. He was known for his work on diophantine approximation, the large sieve, and irregularities of distribution. 

## Early life
He was born in Breslau, Prussia. He studied at St Paul's School in London from 1939 to 1943 and then attended Cambridge University, graduating from Peterhouse, Cambridge in 1945. In 1946 he began research at University College London, under the supervision of Theodor Estermann.

## Career
He became a professor at University College London in 1961, and moved to a chair at Imperial College London in 1966, a position he held until official retirement in 1988. He then  remained at Imperial College as Visiting Professor until 1996.

## Death
Roth died in Iverness, Scotland on 10 November 2015 at the age of 90.

## References
David Atlas

**David Atlas** (May 25, 1924 – November 10, 2015) was an American meteorologist. He was one of the pioneers of radar meteorology. He worked for the US Air Force. He was professor at the University of Chicago and National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR), researcher at NASA and private consultant.

Atlas was born May 25, 1924, in Brooklyn, New York City, from Jewish parents who immigrated from Poland and Russia. He studied at the City College of New York. He retired in 1994.

Atlas died on November 10, 2015 from complications following a stroke at a nursing home in Newark, New Jersey at the age of 91.

## References
Márton Fülöp

**Márton Fülöp** (3 May 1983 – 12 November 2015) was a Hungarian professional footballer who played as a goalkeeper. He was born in Budapest.

After playing in Hungary for MTK Budapest FC, BKV Előre SC and BFC Siófok, he signed for English club Tottenham Hotspur, who loaned him to Chesterfield and Coventry, then to Sunderland with whom he permanently signed in 2007.  

Further loans to Leicester City, Stoke City and Manchester City ended with a transfer to Ipswich Town. He ended his career with spells at West Bromwich Albion and Greece's Asteras Tripoli. Fülöp also represented his country at under-21 and full international level, earning 24 senior caps from his debut in 2005. 

Fülöp died on 12 November 2015 in Budapest after a struggle with cancer, aged 32.

## Career statistics
### Club
Source:

### International
Source:

## References
Gene Amdahl

**Gene Myron Amdahl** (November 16, 1922 – November 10, 2015) was an American computer architect and high-tech entrepreneur. He was known for his work on mainframe computers at IBM alongside Fred Brooks and Gerrit Blaauw and later his own companies, especially Amdahl Corporation.  He formulated Amdahl's law, which states a fundamental limitation of parallel computing.

In 1998, he was made a Fellow  of the Computer History Museum "for his fundamental work in computer architecture and design, project management, and leadership."

Amdahl died of pneumonia after suffering from Alzheimer's disease during the last years of his life in Palo Alto, California, aged 92.

## References
## Other websites
* Oral history interview with Gene M. Amdahl Charles Babbage Institute, University of Minnesota.  Amdahl discusses his graduate work at the University of Wisconsin and his design of WISC. Discusses his role in the designing of several computers for IBM including the STRETCH, IBM 701, and IBM 704. He discusses his work with Nathaniel Rochester and IBM's management of the design process. Mentions work with Ramo-Wooldridge, Aeronutronic, and Computer Sciences Corporation
Individual retirement account

An **individual retirement account** or **IRA** is a form of "individual retirement plan". It is simply a savings account with large tax advantages. A 401(k) is set up by an employer, They vary as to tax filing . Also they have different rules and conditions. 
***Traditional IRA** - Contributions to a traditional IRA are, depending on income, tax status and whether the taxpayer has a retirement plan sponsored by his or her employer. If over age 50, the catch-up contribution limit is an additional $1,000.
***SIMPLE IRA** - A SIMPLE (Savings Incentive Match PLan for Employees) IRA is for employees and employers to set up an IRA. This is for small businesses that do not have a retirement plan.

## Prohibited asset types
Internal Revenue Code Section 408 prohibits IRA investments in life insurance and in collectibles  such as artwork, rugs, antiques, metals (there are exceptions for certain kinds of bullion), gems, stamps, coins, alcoholic beverages, and certain other tangible personal property.

## Participant-directed accounts 
A participant-directed account (also called a self-directed IRA) is an IRA which is provided by some financial institutions in the United States. It allows  investments for retirement savings. Some examples of such alternative investments are: real estate, private mortgages, private company stock, oil and gas limited partnerships, precious metals, horses, and intellectual property. There is a risk of fraud when investing in Self-Directed retirement accounts.

## References 
## Other websites 
* What Is an IRA? Fidelity
* IRA vs. 401(k) - What's the Difference? UpMarket
Wakeland High School

**Justin Wakeland High School** is a public high school that is in the city of Frisco, Texas, United States.  It is a part of the Frisco Independent School District in the west center area of Collin County.  It opened for the first time to students on August 14, 2006. 

Most sophomores and juniors came from Frisco High School because of the city and district's growth. Freshmen come from Griffin Middle School most of the time, and others come from Staley Middle School.  In 2013, the school was rated "Met Standard" by the Texas Education Agency.

The school is named for Justin Wakeland, who was the superintendent of the Frisco ISD for 19 years from 1978 to 1997.

The school has a television show called WIN-TV.* *It comes on every two to three weeks. It has many segments and interviews about events happening at Wakeland High School. *Wakeland Access*, the school newspaper, has articles about events happening at the school.

A lot of sports are offered at Wakeland.

## References
Defense in depth (computing)

**Defense in Depth** (also known as **layered security** and **layered defense**) is an information assurance (IA) concept. It uses multiple layers of security controls (defenses) placed throughout an information technology (IT) system.  The National Security Agency (NSA) changed the concept to be a comprehensive approach to information and electronic security.

The placement of protection mechanisms, procedures and policies is intended to increase the dependability of an IT system. Multiple layers of defense can prevent espionage. They also prevent direct attacks against critical systems. The outer layer contains the firewall. Lockheed Martin adapted this concept to information security, using it as a method for modeling intrusions on a computer network.

## Related pages 
Using more than one of the following layers constitutes defense in depth.

* Antivirus software
* Authentication and password security
* Biometrics
* Encryption
* Firewall (networking)
* Hashing passwords
* Intrusion detection systems (IDS)
* Logging and auditing
* Multi-factor authentication
* Vulnerability scanners
* Physical security (e.g. deadbolt locks)
* Internet Security Awareness Training
* Virtual private network (VPN)
* Sandboxing
* Intrusion Protection System (IPS)

## References
## Other websites 
*Defense in Depth has Always Been a Valid Concept
Talleres de Córdoba

**Club Atlético Talleres** is a sports club club that plays in Argentina's second division. Talleres' main rival is Belgrano de Córdoba.

Talleres is the only team in Córdoba that has won an international competition. It was the Copa Conmebol in 1999.

## Honours
### National
***Copa Hermandad (1)**: 1977
***Primera B Nacional (3)**: 1996, 1997-98, 2016
***Torneo Federal A (2)**: 2012–13, 2015

### International
***Copa Conmebol (1)**: 1999

### Regional
* **Liga Cordobesa de Fútbol (27)**: 1915, 1916, 1918, 1921, 1922, 1923, 1924, 1934, 1938, 1939, 1941, 1944, 1945, 1948, 1949, 1951, 1953, 1958, 1960, 1963, 1969, 1974, 1975, 1976, 1977, 1978, 1979

## Other websites
* Official website
La Jura

***La Jura*** is an Italian opera in five acts, with music and libretto by Gavino Gabriel. It was first performed in Cagliari, in 1928. On April 8, 1958 it was performed in Naples.

## Principal characters
* Jaconi  - tenor
* Pasca - soprano
* Anghilesa - mezzo-soprano
* Burédda - baritone
* Filianu - bass
* Matalena - mezzo-soprano

## References
Savings account

**Saving accounts** are a type of deposit account kept by banks that pay interest. They let a person keep some of their money in the bank for immediate use. They also earn money through interest. Having a savings account in a bank allows a person to have money available for an emergency. Savings accounts may be opened at most banks, credit unions and trust companies.

The other major types of deposit account are the transactional account (usually known as a "checking" or "current" account), money market account and time deposit.

## References
Window envelope

The **window envelope** is an envelope with transparent plastic window in it so you can see what it is and who it's from. It was invented and patented by Americus Callahan in 1901. It was first called an "outlook envelope." Callahan planned to use very thin rice paper as the window, but now clear plastic is used.

## References
Frankee

**Nicole Francine Aiello** (born June 9, 1983) is an American  R&B singer-songwriter and model known by her stage name, **Frankee**. She grew up with her parents, Matthew and Francine, and her two siblings, elder brother Matthew Jr. and younger sister Monique. Nicole was given the nickname "Frankee," which came from her middle name (and is also her grandfather's nickname). She is best known for her debut single "F.U.R.B. (Fuck You Right Back)" which is a answer back to fellow American R&B singer-songwriter Eamons debut single "Fuck It (I Don't Want You Back)".

## Career
"F.U.R.B. (Fuck You Right Back)" reached number one in the United Kingdom in May 2004, She has also modelled for *FHM* and *Maxim* magazines.

## Discography
### Albums
*2004: *The Good, The Bad, The Ugly*
*2006: Watch Me (shelved)

### Singles
## References
Photograph (Ed Sheeran song)

"**Photograph**" is a song recorded by English singer-songwriter Ed Sheeran for his second studio album, *x* (2014). Sheeran co-wrote the song with Snow Patrol member Johnny McDaid.

"Photograph" served as the fifth and final single from the album. It reached the top five on the main singles charts in more than five countries. In the US, where it peaked at number ten, "Photograph" became the third single from the album to have reached within the top ten. In the UK, it reached number 15 and has since been certified platinum for sales of 600,000 units. The single has also been certified double platinum in Australia and Canada, and platinum in New Zealand. 

The single's release on 11 May 2015 followed the premiere of the music video on 9 May 2015.

## Background
Ed Sheeran wrote "Photograph" in May 2012 with Johnny McDaid, musician and background singer of the Irish band Snow Patrol. Sheeran toured with the band as a support act in some North American dates. McDaid had a three-note piano loop that became the basis of "Photograph". The song was created when Sheeran, while in a hotel room in Kansas City, was humming "loving can hurt, loving can hurt" to the loop that was playing on McDaid's laptop.

## Lawsuit
On 9 June 2016, it was reported that Sheeran was being sued by songwriters Martin Harrington and Thomas Leonard, writers of Matt Cardle's 2011 single "Amazing", for $20&nbsp;million for copyright infringement. The lawsuit was privately settled in April 2017. 

In March 2022, while in court for a separate lawsuit over his song "Shape of You", Sheeran said that he settled the "Photograph" complaint on the advice of his lawyers, as the case was "more trouble than it was worth".

## References
Jihadi John

**Muhammad Emwazi** (Arabic: مُحَمَّد جَاسِم عَبْد ٱلْكَرِيم عَلِيَّان ٱلظُّفِيرِي; born **Muhammad Jassim Abdulkarim Olayan al-Dhafiri**, 17 August 1988 – 12 November 2015) was a Kuwaiti-born British Arab terrorist. He moved to London in 1994. He was thought to be the person seen in several videos produced by the militant group ISIL. The videos showed the beheadings of captives in 2014 and 2015. A group of his hostages nicknamed him  "**Jihadi John**" since he was part of a four-person terrorist cell with British accents whom they called "The Beatles".

On the night of 12 November 2015, US officials reported that Emwazi had been hit by a drone strike in Al-Raqqah, Syria. The following day, UK officials stated a “high degree of certainty” that Emwazi was killed. He was declared dead later that day.

## References
The Good, the Bad, the Ugly (Frankee album)

***The Good, the Bad, the Ugly*** is the debut studio album by American recording artist Frankee, released in 2004. Her debut single "F.U.R.B." is an answer song to Eamon's "Fuck It (I Don't Want You Back)". To date it is the only album released by Frankee.

## Track listing
#"I Do Me"
#"How You Do"
#"In Love with Me"
#"I'm Leaving"
#"Gotta Man"
#"Who the Hell Are You"
#"Him"
#"I Told You So"
#"Hell No"
#"Don't Be Mad"
#"F.U.R.B. (Fuck You Right Back)"

## References
Tupi people

The **Tupí people** were an important ethnic group of indigenous peoples in Brazil. Scholars believe they first settled in the Amazon rainforest.  After that, they started to move to the south and settled on the Atlantic coast.

## History
The Tupí people were living in almost all of the Brazilian coast when the Portuguese first arrived there. In 1500, their population was estimated to be 1 million people. They were divided into  tribes, each tribe numbering from 300 to 2,000 people. Some of these tribes are: *Tupiniquim*, *Tupinambá*, *Potiguara*, *Tabajara*, *Caetés*, *Temiminó*, *Tamoios*.

The Tupí had agriculture. They grew cassava, corn, sweet potatoes, beans, peanuts, tobacco, squash, cotton and many other crops.

### European colonization
After the 16th century, the Tupí were assimilated, made to work as slaves, or killed by diseases such as smallpox or by Portuguese settlers and Bandeirantes (colonial Brazilian scouts). Except for a few communities, nearly all the Tupí were killed. Today, the descendants of the survivors live on Indian reservations or are part of the dominant Brazilian society.
They believed that they would gain the strength of the warriors they eat. The Tupí also ate the remains of dead relatives.

Cannibalism by the Tupí decreased after European contact and religious intervention. When Cabeza de Vaca, a Spanish conquistador, arrived in Santa Catarina in 1541, for instance, he attempted to ban cannibalism.

Some scholars question whether the Tupí actually engaged in cannibalism. They do not think the sources that talk about cannibalism, mostly written by Europeans, are reliable.

### Race-mixing and *Cunhadismo*
 in Paris in 1613, in Claude d'Abbeville, *Histoire de la mission*.]]
In the 16th century, the Tupi were the first group to have contact with the Portuguese. The Portuguese colonists did not bring many women, so miscegenation between Portuguese settlers and indigenous women started.

## References
## Other websites
* Portugal in America
Maithili language

**Maithili** (Maithili: मैथिली; ; *Maithilī*) is an Indo-Aryan language. It is spoken in Nepal and northern India. It is spoken by 34.7 million people. Of those, 2.8 million are Nepalese people. It is the second largest national language of Nepal. In ancient times, Maithili language was written in Mithilakshar. Now it is written in Devanagari script.

## References
Raute language

**Raute** is a minor Tibeto-Burman language. It is spoken in Dadeldhura District, Mahakali Zone, Nepal. Half of its speakers are nomadic.

## References
Roland Dumas

**Roland Dumas** (23 August 1922 &ndash; 3 July 2024) was a French lawyer and Socialist politician. He served as the Foreign Minister under President François Mitterrand from 1984 to 1986 and from 1988 to 1993. He was also President of the Constitutional Council from 1995 to 2000. He was born in Limoges, Haute-Vienne.

Dumas turned 100 in August 2022. He died on 3 July 2024 in Paris, France at the age of 101.

## References
## Other websites
Warren Mitchell

**Warren Mitchell** (born **Warren Misell**; 14 January 1926 &ndash; 14 November 2015) was a British actor. He was a BAFTA TV Award winner and twice an Olivier Award winner. He was known for his role as Alf Garnett in the BBC television sitcom *Till Death Us Do Part* (1965–75).

Mitchell died, in the early hours of 14 November 2015, after long period of illness, aged 89.  
He is survived by his wife Connie and their three children: Rebecca, Daniel (also an actor) and Anna (also known as Georgia Mitchell).

## References
## Other websites
*
*Screenonline: Warren Mitchell
*TimeOut: Warren Mitchell
Sheridan, Indiana

**Sheridan** is a town in the state of Indiana, in the United States. As of the 2020 census, the population was 3,106.

## References
Schnauzer

A **schnauzer** is a type of dog breed that originated in Germany in about the 14th century. The Standard Schnauzer is the oldest of the three Schnauzer : Miniature, Standard, and Giant. All three varieties have the distinctive whiskers, mustache and eyebrows, which is where they take their name from as in German schnauzer means moustache. 

## History 
The Standard Schnauzer is the prototype from which the other two were bred. They are descended from European herding and guard dogs. As far as can be determined they were bred from the Gray Wolf Spitz, the German poodle (pudel) and the Wirehaired Pinscher. They normally weigh between . They resemble the Standard Schnauzer from which they were bred. They were first shown as early as 1889. They are a medium-sized dog with a hard, wire-like coat. It is a strong and very quick dog for its size. It is able to cover distances easily. Like all Schnauzers they have the same whiskers, eyebrows and mustache. They stand between  tall at the shoulder. Standard Schnauzers normally weigh between . They are very muscular dogs. They were used to drive livestock to market. 

## References 
## Other websites 
*
*The Three Varieties of the Schnauzer Dog Breed
*The Behavioral Differences Between a Miniature, Standard & Giant Schnauzer
Eagles of Death Metal

**Eagles of Death Metal** is an American rock band from Palm Desert, California.

## Career
The band released their debut studio album, *Peace, Love, Death Metal* on March 23, 2004 through AntAcidAudio. The song "I Only Want You" was featured in the 2004 racing game *Gran Turismo 4*, the television series *Queer as Folk*, an advertisement for Windows 8, and was a downloadable song for the *Rock Band* series.

Their second studio album *Death by Sexy* was released on April 11, 2006 in the United States and on July 3, 2006 in Europe through Downtown Records and Columbia Records. In the fall of 2006, they shared an opening support slot with Guns N' Roses, but it only lasted one show. Axl Rose of Guns N' Roses called the band "Pigeons of Shit Metal" from the stage that night and Eagles of Death Metal used the phrase on a T-shirt. 

The band performed a live concert for the launch of the 2008 video game Midnight Club: Los Angeles at the Hollywood & Highland Virgin Megastore in Los Angeles. The band's third studio album *Heart On* was released on October 28, 2008.

Their fourth studio album *Zipper Down* was released on October 2, 2015. The album's first single "Complexity" was made available to stream on Pitchfork Media's website.

On November 13, 2015, the band performed a concert for a sell-out crowd of 1,500 people at Le Bataclan theatre in Paris. During the concert, four gunmen with AK-47 assault rifles entered the theatre. They opened fire and threw explosives into the crowd. The attack lasted about 20 minutes. They killed 87 people in the theatre. Four of the attackers died, three of them by blowing up their suicide vests. The fourth killed by police gunfire, and his vest blew up when he fell.

## Discography 
### Studio albums
**Peace, Love, Death Metal* (2004)
**Death by Sexy* (2006)
**Heart On* (2008)
**Zipper Down* (2015)

## References
## Other websites
*
Wildflower

A ***Wildflower*** is a flower that grows in the wild. Wildflowers aren't naturally planted by nature or by humans, but grow in the wild. Wildflowers are native and exotic species. Some species of wildflowers are endangered.

## Other websites
Scottish Terrier

The **Scottish Terrier** is one of the five breeds of terrier that originated in Scotland. It is also known as **Aberdeen Terrier**. The other four breeds of terrier from Scotland are Skye, Cairn, Dandie Dinmont, and West Highland White Terrier. Originally scottish terriers were  used for hunting, but because of their small size, they are often kept as pets.
Eicosanoid

**Eicosanoids** (or **icosanoids**) are hormones made of lipids. They are signaling molecules made by the oxidation of 20-carbon fatty acids.

They have control over many bodily systems. They influence growth during and after physical activity, inflammation or immunity after the intake of toxic compounds and pathogens. They are also messengers in the central nervous system.

The networks of controls that depend upon eicosanoids are among the most complex in the human body.

## References
Vincent Margera

**Vincent Roy Margera** (July 3, 1956 &ndash; November 15, 2015), more commonly known as **Don Vito**, was an American reality television personality. He was known for his appearances in *Viva La Bam*, *Jackass*, *Haggard* and the *CKY videos* alongside his nephew Bam. 

## Child sexual abuse conviction
His career was ended with his conviction for child sexual abuse in 2006. He was found groping two 12-year-old girls at an autograph signing and was subsequently held with bail set at $50,000. On October 31, he was found guilty of two counts of sexual assault on a minor and acquitted on one count. On November 1, 2007, he was put on suicide watch. He was held at the Jefferson County Detention Facility until his sentencing on December 20, 2007. He faced between two years to life in prison. He was sentenced to 10 years probation.

## Death
Margera died on November 15, 2015, from kidney and liver failure in West Chester, Pennsylvania at the age of 59.

## References
## Other websites
*
Moira Orfei

**Moira Orfei** (; 21 December 1931 &ndash; 15 November 2015), a.k.a. **Miranda Orfei**, was a popular Italian actress and television personality. Moira was considered the queen of the Italian circus. She was also an actress who was known for her role as Giorgia Casellato in *The Birds, the Bees and the Italians*.

On 4 August 2006 Moira Orfei had an Ischemic stroke during a show in Gioiosa Ionica. She was still under medical care when she died on 15 November 2015 in Brescia, Italy from complications of the stroke, aged 83.

## References
## Other websites
* 
*
Gastone Moschin

**Gastone Moschin** (8 June 1929 &ndash; 4 September 2017) was an Italian actor. He was born in San Giovanni Lupatoto (Veneto).

Moschin began his career in the 1950s as theatre actor. He starred with Barbara Bouchet in *Milano Calibro 9* in 1972. His most famous role is that of Rambaldo Melandri in the *Amici miei* series (1975–1985). He also had a part in Francis Ford Coppola's *The Godfather Part II*, as Don Fanucci.

Moschin died of kidney failure on 4 September 2017 at his home in Terni, Italy at the age of 88.

## References
## Other websites
*
Marco Vicario

**Marco Vicario** (born 20 September 1925) is an Italian movie actor, screenwriter, movie producer and director. He appeared in 23 movies between 1950 and 1958. He is known for his roles in ''7 uomini d'oro* (1965), *Il grande colpo dei 7 uomini d'oro* (1966) and *Wifemistress'' (1977). 

## Other websites
*
*
Berugo Carámbula

**Heber Hugo Carámbula**, (31 October 1945 &ndash; 14 November 2015), also known under the stage name of **Berugo Carámbula**, was a Uruguayan actor, comedian and TV host. He was born in Las Piedras in 1945. He was known for his role in the Argentine telenovela *Son Amores* from which he starred in from 2002 through 2003.

Carámbula died in Montevideo, Uruguay from complications of Parkinson's disease at the age of 70.

## references
## Other websites
*Berugo Carámbula en cinenacional (Spanish) 
*Berugo Carámbula (Spanish) 
*Un único: Berugo Carámbula recordado en Buenos Aires (Spanish)
Bernard King

**Bernard King** (born December 4, 1956) is an American retired basketball player. He played 14 seasons in the National Basketball Association (NBA).

King was picked in the 1st round of the 1977 NBA Draft. He played with the New Jersey Nets, Utah Jazz, Golden State Warriors, New York Knicks and the Washington Bullets.

He was inducted into the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame on September 8, 2013.

## References
Zurab Tsereteli

**Zurab Konstantines dze Tsereteli** (, ;  January 4, 1934 &ndash; April 22, 2025) was a Georgian-Russian painter, sculptor and architect. He held the office of President of the Russian Academy of Arts.

## Life and career 
Between the years 1960 and 1963, Tsereteli worked as a staff artist as the Georgian Academy of Sciences and participated in research expeditions, which in turn served to influence his work.

In 1964, he made his first trip abroad to France. He stayed in Paris for three months, during which time visited Pablo Picasso in his studio. This experience served to greatly shape his later creative production. At a later stage he also became acquainted with Marc Chagall, and as well as the work of Impressionist and Post-Impressionist artists, the influence of whom can also be seen in the Tsereteli's work.

In the 1970s, Tsereteli also designed several Soviet embassies and consulates over the world. In 1978–79, Tsereteli was invited to teach painting as a visiting professor at the College at Brockport, State University of New York.

In 1980, Tsereteli was appointed the chief designer for the XXII Summer Olympic Games in Moscow. In 1981, he became a professor at his alma mater, the Tbilisi Academy of Arts.

*The Birth of the New Man* was inaugurated in Seville, Spain in 1995, in celebration of the European discovery of the New World by Christopher Columbus. 

Tsereteli was elected the President of the Russian Academy of Arts. He founded the Moscow Museum of Modern Art in 1999, becoming the first state museum in the country entirely dedicated to modern and contemporary art.

In 2001, the Gallery of Arts of Tsereteli was opened in Moscow. In 2005, *Holocaust* was donated by Russia to Israel and opened in Jerusalem.

In 2012, Tsereteli founded the Museum of Modern Art in Tbilisi, Georgia.

In 2016, Tsereteli was appointed a UNESCO Goodwill Ambassador.

On 6 December 2020, Tsereteli was honored the highest state order of Serbia for his contribution of the interior decoration of the Church of Saint Sava in Belgrade, for which the Russian Academy has been the main contractor.
'' in Seville]]
Tsereteli died at the age of 91 from a heart attack at his residence in Peredelkino, Moscow Oblast, on 22 April 2025.

## References
## Other websites
* http://www.tsereteli.ru/  - the artist's official site
* http://www.911monument.com/ - the official site of "To the Struggle Against World Terrorism" monument by Zurab Tsereteli
* Artwork by Zurab Tsereteli at The Cold War Museum 
* Good Defeats Evil  at the New York Public Art Curriculum
* Monument to Peter the First from Inside and Above. Pictures
Cortisone

**Cortisone** is a 21-carbon steroid hormone. Its chemical name is 17-hydroxy-11-dehydrocorticosterone. It is one of the main hormones released by the adrenal gland in response to stress. 

In chemical structure, it is closely related to cortisol. It is used to treat a variety of ailments and can be administered in various ways. Cortisone suppresses the immune system. This reduces inflammation, pain and swelling at the site of the injury. Long-term use of cortisone has risks.

Tadeus Reichstein, E.C. Kendall and P.S. Hench were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1950, for their discovery of cortisone.

## References
Black garlic

**Black garlic** is a type of food which is made by heating whole bulbs of garlic over the course of several weeks. It was first used as a food ingredient in Asian cuisine. The taste is sweet and syrupy with hints of balsamic vinegar or tamarind. 
Black garlic's popularity has spread to the United States because it has become a sought-after ingredient used in high-end cuisine. The ornamental plant *Allium nigrum* is commonly called black garlic.

## Sources
Wikimapia

**Wikimapia** is a geographic online encyclopedia project. It utilizes an interactive "clickable" web map with a geographically-referenced wiki-based system. Its aim is to mark and describe all geographical objects in the world. Wikimapia was created by Alexandre Koriakine and Evgeniy Saveliev on May 2006.

## Other websites
*Wikimapia website
Odo, Earl of Kent

]]
**Odo, Earl of Kent** (ca 1030 – 1097) and Bishop of Bayeux, was the half-brother of William the Conqueror. For a time he was second in power after William became King of England.

## Career 
### Early life 
Odo was born about 1030. He was the son of William the Conqueror's mother Herleva and Herluin de Conteville. Odo is one of the very few proven companions of William the Conqueror, known to have fought at the Battle of Hastings in 1066. He probably commissioned the Bayeux Tapestry. In 1067, Odo became the Earl of Kent. For several years he was a trusted royal minister. On some occasions when William was absent (back in Normandy), he served as the *de facto* regent of England. At times he led the royal forces against rebellions. There are also other occasions when he accompanied William back to Normandy. During this time Odo acquired vast estates in England. He held land in twenty-three counties, mainly in the southeast and in East Anglia.

### Character 
As the Earl of Kent he became  for being greedy,  and a tyrant. Odo obtained a large fortune in land and gold by plundering the landowners of Kent. One chronicler, Thomas of Marlborough, called him a "ravening wolf". Orderic Vitalis, writing nearly a century after Odo's death, he showed him to be a very complex man. On the one hand Odo had great ambition. He was the perfect example of Norman oppression on a conquered England. Yet he was deeply religious and contributed to the ecclesiastical growth of England. His brother, the king, disapproved of the plan and put a stop to it. He was allowed to remain the Bishop of Bayeux, however. He died in Palermo while wintering there in early 1097. He was buried in the Cathedral there.

## References
Orbital resonance

's orbital period and rotational period are locked in a 3:2 resonance.]]
**Orbital resonance** is a resonance of two orbiting bodies exerting a regular, periodic gravitational effect on each other. Their orbital periods may be related by a ratio of two small integers. It is caused by the changing gravitational forces of bodies which go round each other. The stability of the Solar System was first investigated by Laplace, and there is still much that is not known about it.

As a satellite goes around a planet or two stars go around each other, the gravitational forces can change, sometimes by a lot. This is partly because orbits are usually ellipses, not circular, and so the forces change accordingly. Also, the planets and stars are usually not spherical. They spin, and vary in their degree of compression along their axis of rotation (oblateness). This also changes the forces on an orbiting body.

In particular, the forces may be unstable, so the smaller partner may change until the forces are stable (do not change with time). Satellites often end up with one face towards their planet, because that is the most stable position (tidal locking).

There are other stability effects. Gaps in Saturn's rings are caused by the particles shifting into more stable positions. In the rings of Saturn, the Cassini Division is a gap between the inner B Ring and the outer A Ring. It was cleared by a 2:1 resonance with the moon Mimas. Jupiter makes similar Kirkwood gaps in the asteroid belt.

There is a stability ratio for Neptune and Pluto: the 2:3 ratio means Pluto completes two orbits in the time it takes Neptune to complete three.

The area of mechanics which is used for these studies is called celestial mechanics.

## References
New Zealand national rugby union team

The '''New Zealand national men's rugby union team**, officially nicknamed the **All Blacks''', represents New Zealand in men's rugby union. This is regarded as the country's national sport. 

The All Blacks are the holders of the Rugby World Cup, since 2011. They are the 2014 World Rugby Team of the Year. They have won over 76% of their test matches and are the leading test match points scorers of all time. Their win ratio puts them amongst the most successful teams of any sport in history. They are the only international side with a winning record against every country they have played. Since their international debut in 1903 only five nations have defeated New Zealand in test matches. 

Since the introduction of the World Rugby Rankings in October 2003, New Zealand has held the number one ranking longer than all other teams combined. 

The All Blacks are also the first team to set their hands on the Webb Ellis Cup. They are the first team to successfully defend the Rugby World Cup. They were the first team to win back to back Rugby World Cups and the first team to win the cup on 3 separate occasions.
## Rivals
New Zealand competes with Argentina, Australia and South Africa in The Rugby Championship. The All Blacks have won the trophy thirteen times in the competition's nineteen-year history. They also hold the Bledisloe Cup, which is contested annually with Australia. They hold the Freedom Cup, contested annually with South Africa. New Zealand has achieved a Grand Slam (defeating England, Ireland, Scotland, and Wales in one tour) four times1978, 2005, 2008 and 2010.
## Awards
They have also been named the "World Rugby Team of the Year" seven times since 2005. Four members have won the "World Rugby Player of the Year" awardcurrent captain Richie McCaw, Dan Carter, Kieran Read, and Brodie Retallick. Fifteen former All Blacks have been inducted into the International Rugby Hall of Fame. Four of these are also inductees of the World Rugby Hall of Fame.
## History
The team's first match was in 1884. Their first international match was in 1903 against Australia in Sydney. The following year they hosted their first ever home Test, a match against a British Isles side in Wellington. This was followed by a tour of Europe and North America in 1905 where the team suffered their first test defeatto Wales in Cardiff.

## Notes 
## References
Derogation

**Derogation** (Latin *derogatio*) is the relaxation or exemption from of a rule of law. This is as opposed to a repeal or ending of a law.  The term is used in both civil law and common law.  It is sometimes used, loosely, to mean abrogation. For example in the legal maxim: *Lex posterior derogat priori* which means a more recent law may overrule an earlier law. Derogation is different from dispensation (an exception to a law) in that it applies to the law. A dispensation applies to specific people who are affected by the law.

In terms of European Union legislation, a derogation can also imply that a member state delays putting into effect a part of an European Union regulation (etc.) into their own legal system. This can be for a period of time such as five years. Or that a member state has decided not to enforce a specific provision in a treaty due to internal circumstances (typically a state of emergency).

## Related pages 
* Repeal
* Implied repeal
* Canon law

## References
## Other websites 
* *Catholic Encyclopedia* Derogation
Chelsea, London

**Chelsea** is a well-known area in London. It was a borough, but now it is in the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea.

It is an area where the property values are very high, and the shops and facilities cater to wealthy people. It is the home of Sloane Square, the King's Road and Chelsea F.C. It was the centre of Swinging London in the 1960s, and is still a centre of the fashion trade. Sloane Street is one of London's premier shopping destinations, with high-end fashion or jewellery boutiques such as Cartier, Tiffany & Co., Dolce & Gabbana, Prada, Gucci, Harrods, Dior, Louis Vuitton, Jimmy Choo, Giorgio Armani, Yves Saint Laurent, Chanel, Valentino, Bvlgari, Gianni Versace and Graff.

## References
Eamon (singer)

**Eamon Doyle** (born September 19, 1983), professionally known as **Eamon**, is an American R&B singer-songwriter and harmonicist. He is known for his hit single, "Fuck It (I Don't Want You Back)".

## Early years
Eamon was born **Eamon Jonathan Doyle** in Staten Island, New York City. His mother Diane was a nurse and his father Walter Doyle was a counselor.

He began singing at age nine and started to perform and tour with his father's group a R&B group called "The Elations". When he was 15 he began to work with songwriter and producer, Milk Dee, who had worked with many hip hop and R&B artists such as MC Lyte, Janet Jackson and Mary J. Blige.

## Relationship with Frankee
After Eamon had released his debut single "Fuck It (I Don't Want You Back)", a female R&B singer from Staten Island called Frankee released her debut single which was an answer back to "Fuck It (I Don't Want You Back)". She claimed that they were in a relationship. Eamon claimed in an interview that they were not in relationship and that he didn't know who she was. He was only involved with her song because it sampled his. Eamon was asked for the licensing permission which made him one of her song's songwriters.

## Discography
### Studio albums
### Singles
**Other singles**
* 2017: "Before I Die"
* 2017: "I Got Soul"
* 2018: "You and Only You"
* 2018: "Greatest Mistake"
* 2019: "Born and Bred"
* 2019: "Runnin' Around"
* 2019: "Step by Step"

### Other releases
* 2004: *Solo* (Italian version of "Fuck It")
* 2004: ''My Baby's Lost (Like That)* (promo EP)
* *If Everyone Believed* (feat. David Phelps)
* 2006: *Fuck It – EP* (with Jesse Saunders)
* *Eamon vs. Frankee'' (LP)

## References
## Other websites
* 
*