open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Kenneth Alwyn

**Kenneth Alwyn** (born **Kenneth Alwyn Wetherell**) (28 July 1925 – 11 December 2020) was an English conductor, composer and writer. He was called by the BBC as "one of the great British musical directors". 

Alwyn was known for his many recordings, including with the London Symphony Orchestra on Decca's first stereophonic recording of Tchaikovsky's *1812 Overture*. He was also known for his works with BBC Radio 2's orchestral live music programme *Friday Night is Music Night*.

He was a Fellow of the Royal Academy of Music.

Alwyn died on 11 December 2020 in London at the age of 95.

## References
Will Hurd

**William Ballard Hurd** (born August 19, 1977) is an American politician. He was the U.S. representative for Texas's 23rd congressional district from 2015 to 2021. Before becoming a congressman, Hurd was a CIA agent. During his congressional career, he was known for his cybersecurity knowledge and from 2019 until 2021, he was the only African-American Republican in the House of Representatives.

In June 2023, Hurd announced his candidacy for President of the United States in the 2024 election. Four months later, he dropped out of the race on October 9, 2023.

## Intelligence career 
Hurd worked for the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) for nine years, from 2000 to 2009. He worked in Washington, D.C., but he was also an operations officer in Afghanistan, Pakistan, and India. One of his roles at the CIA was briefing members of Congress, which is why Hurd ran for Congress. 

## Political career
Hurd ran for the United States House of Representatives in 2010, but he lost the election. He ran again in 2014, this time winning the election. Even though Republican presidential nominee Mitt Romney had won the district two years earlier, Hurd winning was seen as an upset. Hurd conducted a post-election swing through some parts of his district that had heavily supported Gallego.

Hurd was the vice-chair of the Border and Maritime Subcommittee of the Homeland Security Committee. He was seen as a top expert on technological and cybersecurity-related issues while serving in Congress.

In 2016, while running for re-election, Hurd became a strong-critic of then-Republican presidential nominee Donald Trump. He was re-elected by a little over 1% of the vote.

In July 2018, his re-election campaign was seen as "the most expensive congressional race in the Texas's history". The race was the closest House race in Texas and one of the closest in the country. Hurd was declared the official winner on November 19 by a margin of 926 votes.

Hurd decided not to run again in 2020. During his time in congress, Hurd was seen as a moderate and voted with Democrats on some issues.

### 2024 presidential campaign
On June 22, 2023, Hurd announced that he would be a candidate in the 2024 presidential election. He dropped out of the race on October 9, 2023, and endorsed Nikki Haley.

## Personal life
After leaving Congress, Hurd became a Winter 2021 Resident Fellow at the Institute of Politics of the University of Chicago. In May 2021, Hurd was appointed to the board of directors for OpenAI.

Hurd married Lynlie Wallace, a former congressional chief of staff to another Texas congressman, on December 31, 2022.

## References
James R. Flynn

**James R. Flynn** may refer to:

* James Flynn (academic) (born 1934 as James Robert Flynn), New Zealand intelligence researcher
* Jim Flynn (songwriter) (born 1938 as James Ronald Flynn), American country music songwriter

## Related pages 
* James Flynn (disambiguation)
James Flynn (academic)

**James Robert Flynn** FRSNZ (28 April 1934 – 11 December 2020) was a New Zealand intelligence researcher. He taught political studies at the University of Otago in Dunedin. He was known for his studies on the increase of IQ scores throughout the world, which is now known as the Flynn effect. 

Flynn died on 11 December 2020 in Dunedin, New Zealand at the age of 86.

## References
Dunedin (disambiguation)

**Dunedin** is the second-largest city in the South Island of New Zealand.

**Dunedin** may also refer to:

## Places
* Dunedin, Ontario, Canada
* Dunedin (New Zealand electorate), a former electorate, 1853–1905
* Edinburgh, whose Scottish Gaelic name is *Dùn Èideann*
* Dunedin, Florida, United States

## Other
* Dunedin River, a river in British Columbia, Canada
* Dunedin Consort, an Edinburgh-based choral ensemble founded in 1996
* *HMS Dunedin (D93)*, a Royal Navy light cruiser in the Second World War
* *Dunedin* (ship), the first commercial ship with refrigeration equipment

## Related pages
* Edinburgh (disambiguation)
* Dúnedain, a race of men in n J. R. R. Tolkien's legendarium
* Duneedon a.k.a. Don Edon, a character in the children's educational television series *Read All About It!*
U. A. Khader

**U. A. Khader** (1935–12 December 2020) was an Burmese-born Indian writer. He published in Malayalam such as novels. His works have been translated to many  languages including English, Hindi and Kannada. Khader was born in Bilin, Rangoon, Burma. Khader's first story was published in *Chandrika* weekly in 1953. He was the president of Purogamana Kala Sahitya Sangham.

Khader died on 12 December 2020 at a hospital in Calicut, Kerala at the age of 85.

## References
Fikre Selassie Wogderess

**Fikre Selassie Wogderess** (; 13 July 1945 &ndash; 12 December 2020) was an Ethiopian politician. He was the first Prime Minister of the People's Democratic Republic of Ethiopia (PDRE) from 10 September 1987 to 8 November 1989. He was fired by President Mengistu Haile Mariam.

In 1989, he was sentenced to death for war crimes and murder. In 2010, the Ethiopian court removed his death sentence and released him following year.

Wogderess died on 12 December 2020 in Addis Ababa from diabetes-related problems at the age of 75.

## References
Calanley mosque

Calanley mosque or Masjid express is a historically Ibadist mosque in Kismayo, Jubaland. Its minarets have a Ibadite semiellipse shape. The reason the minarets have a Ibadist design is that Kismayo and Jubaland used to be under the influence of the Ibadi-ruled Sultanate of Zanzibar. This is the reason that colonial era buildings in Jubaland have an Ibadist design.

## References
Ron Springett

**Ronald Deryk George Springett** (22 July 1935 – 12 September 2015) was an English footballer. He played as a goalkeeper.

Springett died on 12 September 2015.

## Honours
### Club 
;Sheffield Wednesday
* World Cup: 1966

## References
## Other websites
* Sheffield Wednesday Official Site
* Englandfanzine 
*
John Connelly

**John Michael Connelly** (18 July 1938 – 25 October 2012) was an English footballer. He played as an outside forward.

Connelly died at home on 25 October 2012, at the age of 74.

## Honours
### Club
;Burnley
*First Division: 1959–60
*FA Cup: 1961–62 (Runner-up)

;Manchester United
*First Division: 1964–65

### International
*FIFA World Cup: 1966

## References
Kevin Großkreutz

**Kevin Großkreutz** (born 19 July 1988) is a former German footballer. He could play as a right-back or a winger. 

## Career statistics
*1.Includes German Cup.
*2.Includes UEFA Champions League and UEFA Europa League.
*3.Includes German Super Cup.

### International
## Honours
### Club
**Borussia Dortmund**
* Bundesliga: 2010–11, 2011–12
* DFB-Pokal: 2011–12
* DFL-Supercup: 2013, 2014
* UEFA Champions League Runners-up: 2012–13

### International
**Germany**
* FIFA World Cup: 2014

## References
## Other websites
Javi Martínez

**Javier "Javi" Martínez Aginaga** (born 2 September 1988) is a Spanish footballer. He plays as a defensive midfielder or a center-back for Bayern Munich.

## Career statistics
### Club
### International
Source:

## Honours
 trophy]]
**Athletic Bilbao**
*UEFA Europa League: Runner-up 2011–12
*Copa del Rey: Runner-up 2008–09, 2011–12

**Bayern Munich**
*Bundesliga: 2012–13, 2013–14, 2014–15, 2015–16, 2016–17, 2017–18, 2018–19, 2019–20, 2020–21
*DFB-Pokal: 2012–13, 2013–14, 2015–16, 2018–19, 2019–20
*DFL-Supercup: 2016, 2017, 2018, 2020
*UEFA Champions League: 2012–13, 2019–20
*UEFA Super Cup: 2013, 2020
*FIFA Club World Cup: 2013, 2020
**Spain**
*UEFA European Under-19 Championship: 2007
**Individual**
*La Liga Breakthrough Player of the Year: 2010
*2011 UEFA European Under-21 Championship Team of the Tournament

## References
## Other websites
* Bayern official profile 
* 
* 
* 
* 
* 
*
Jason Merrells

**Jason Scott Merrells** (born 1968) is an English actor. He is best known for portraying the roles of Matt Hawley in the BBC medical drama series *Casualty* (1994–1997), Gavin Ferraday in the BBC hairdressing drama series *Cutting It* (2002–2005), Jack Rimmer in the BBC school-based drama series *Waterloo Road* (2006–2008, 2025), and Declan Macey in the ITV soap opera *Emmerdale* (2010–2014). More recently, he has portrayed Sir Charles Fraith in the comedy-drama series *Agatha Raisin* (2016–present).

## References
## Other websites
*
Neil Morrissey

**Neil Anthony John Morrissey** MBE (born 4 July 1962) is an English actor, businessman, comedian and singer. He is best known for portraying the roles of Rocky in the ITV crime drama series *Boon* (1987–1995), Tony in the ITV-BBC sitcom *Men Behaving Badly* (1992–1998, 2014), and Eddie Lawson in the BBC school-based drama series *Waterloo Road* (2007–2009). Between 2012 and 2016, he appeared as Nigel Morton in the BBC police procedural series *Line of Duty*. 

Morrissey also provides the voices of Bob, Roley, Lofty, Mr. Angelo Sabatini, Mr. Fothergill, Farmer Pickles and Scrufty in the UK version of *Bob the Builder*.

## Other websites
*
Laurie Brett

**Laurie Brett** (born 28 March 1969) is a Scottish actress. She is best known for playing the roles of Jane Beale in the BBC soap opera *EastEnders* (2004–2012, 2014–2017), and Christine Mulgrew in the BBC school-based drama series *Waterloo Road* (2012–2015).

## Other websites
*
Sharlene Whyte

**Sharlene Natasha Whyte** (born 19 May 1976) is an English actress. She is best known for portraying the roles of Jenny Edwards in the CBBC drama series *The Story of Tracy Beaker* and Adanna Lawal in the BBC school-based drama series *Waterloo Road*. As well as starring in various stage productions, she has also made appearances in television series such as *Doctors*, *Casualty*, *Silent Witness*, *Coronation Street*, *Sadie J*, *We Hunt Together* and *Stephen*. 

## Biography
Whyte is of Grenadian descent. She trained at the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art from 1996 till 1999. 

## Other websites
*
Elizabeth Berrington

**Elizabeth Ann Berrington** (born 3 August 1970) is an English actress and graduate of the Webber Douglas Academy of Dramatic Art. She is best known for portraying the roles of Mel Debrou in the ITV satirical comedy-drama series *Moving Wallpaper* (2008–2009), Ruby Fry in the BBC school-based drama series *Waterloo Road* (2009–2011), Paula Kosh in the Sky 1 comedy-drama series *Stella* (2012–2013, 2015–2017), and Dawn Stevenson in the BBC drama series *The Syndicate* (2015). 

Berrington has also portrayed minor roles on British dramas such as *The Bill*, *Doc Martin*, *Doctor Who*, *The Office*, *Casualty*, *The Lakes*, *The Grimleys*, *Rose and Maloney* and *Sex Education*.

## Other websites
*
William Ash (actor)

**William Ash** (born 13 January 1977) is an English actor. He is best known for portraying the role of Christopher Mead in the BBC school-based drama series *Waterloo Road* (2009–2011). Prior to this, Ash had starring roles on British dramas such as *Making Out* (1989–1991), ''Children's Ward* (1989–1991), *Soldier Soldier* (1993–1994), *Where the Heart Is* (1997–1998), and *Clocking Off* (2001–2002). In 2022, he began appearing as Caleb Miligan in the ITV soap opera *Emmerdale''.

## Other websites
*
Hylarana

***Hylarana*** is a genus of true frogs.  They are also called **golden-backed frogs**. They live in tropical Asia. Scientists used to put 84 to 96 valid species in *Hylarana*, but they looked at the frogs again.  Today, scientists say four species are in *Hylarana*.

## What they look like
*Hylarana* frogs can be small or large. Male frogs are  from their noses to the ends of their bodies, and females are . The nostrils are oval in shape and there is a piece of skin on top of them. The ear drum is not covered by skin. They have vomerine teeth and a parietal eye. The toes on their back feet are webbed, but the fingers on the front feet are not. The four species of frogs that are still in *Hylarana* today live in southern and southeast Asia. In 2015, Oliver et al. looked closely at *Hylarana* again. They said that only four species are really *Hylarana sensu stricto*: The other frogs were moved to *Abavorana*, *Amnirana*, *Chalcorana*, *Humerana*, *Hydrophylax*, *Indosylvirana*, *Papurana*, *Pulchrana*, and *Sylvirana*.

### Species
Scientists used to say this genus had 84 to 96 valid species of frogs in it. But they looked closely again.  Now, scientists say only four frogs are truly *Hylarana*: *Hylarana malayana* was placed in *Hylarana* in 2021.
**Hylarana erythraea* (Schlegel, 1837) - common green frog, green paddy frog, leaf frog, or red-eared frog
**Hylarana macrodactyla* (Günther, 1858) - Guangdong frog, three-striped grass frog, or marbled slender frog
**Hylarana malayana* (Sheridan and Stuart, 2018)
**Hylarana taipehensis* (Van Denburgh, 1909) - two-striped grass frog
**Hylarana tytleri* Theobald, 1868

After these changes, scientists are not sure where a few *Hylarana* species should be placed:
**"Hylarana" attigua* (Inger, Orlov, and Darevsky, 1999)
**"Hylarana" celebensis* (Peters, 1872)
**"Hylarana" chitwanensis* (Das, 1998)
**"Hylarana" garoensis* (Boulenger, 1920)
**"Hylarana" lateralis* (Boulenger, 1887)
**"Hylarana" latouchii* (Boulenger, 1899)
**"Hylarana" margariana* Anderson, 1879
**"Hylarana" montivaga* (Smith, 1921)
**"Hylarana" persimilis* (Van Kampen, 1923)

## Related pages
**Rana*

## References
Contraband (1980 movie)

***Contraband*** () is a 1980 Italian action crime drama movie directed by Lucio Fulci (who also stars). It stars Fabio Testi, Ivana Monti, Guido Alberti, Venantino Venantini, Ajita Wilson, Marcel Bozzuffi and was distributed by CMR International.

## Other websites
*
Sledge, Mississippi

**Sledge** is a town located in Quitman County, Mississippi. As of the 2020 census, 368 people lived in the town.

## References
Thomas Brodie-Sangster

**Thomas Brodie-Sangster** (born 16 May 1990), also known as **Thomas Sangster**, is an English actor. He played Sam in *Love Actually* (2003), Ferb Fletcher in *Phineas and Ferb* (2007–2015) and Jojen Reed in *Game of Thrones* (2013–2014).

## Filmography 
**Films**

**Series**

## References
Vincent Martella

**Vincent Michael Martella** (born October 15, 1992) is an American actor and singer. He played Greg Wuliger on the UPN/CW sitcom *Everybody Hates Chris* who was the only white character who didn't hate Chris. Martella also played Phineas Flynn in the Disney Channel original animated show *Phineas and Ferb* He also played Bradley Nicholson in Milo Murphy’s Law.

## References
Stephanie Kelton

**Stephanie Kelton** (née Bell; born October 10, 1969) is an American economist and academic. She is currently a professor at Stony Brook University and a Senior Fellow at the Schwartz Center for Economic Policy Analysis at the New School for Social Research. She was a professor at the University of Missouri–Kansas City. 

She also was an advisor to Bernie Sanders' 2016 presidential campaign.

She is founder and editor-in-chief of the blog New Economic Perspectives. 

## References
Qisas

**Qisas** or **Qiṣāṣ** () is a term interpreted to mean "retaliation in kind", "eye for an eye", or retributive justice. 

Qisas was a practice used as a resolution tool in inter-tribal conflicts in pre-Islamic Arab society. The basis of this practice was that a member of the tribe to which the murderer belonged was handed over to the victim's family for execution, equivalent to the social status of the murdered person. The condition of *social equivalence* meant the execution of a member of the murderer's tribe who was equivalent to the murdered, in that the murdered person was male or female, slave or free, elite or commonplace. For example, only one slave can be killed for a slave, and a woman can be killed for a woman. On this pre-islamic understandings the discussion *whether a Muslim could be executed for a non-Muslim* was added in Islamic period.

In historical practice, qisas appears in two forms. One of them is, the punishment of the perpetrator "with the same act" in crimes "committed against the physical integrity of the person, such as a life for a life, an eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth". Another application is related to the social status of the perpetrator and the victim. In the tribal understanding, when a person kills a woman, a slave or an honorable person from another tribe, a person "of similar status from the tribe to which the murderer belongs" will be killed in return. As a general custom, killing the master's to slave, father's to child, husband's to wife was not punished with retaliation, and retaliation was not applied to the man who killed the woman as a rule. The condition of "social equality" in qisas means that; "if a socially inferior person kills someone from the upper class, qisas will be applied", whereas "if someone from the upper class kills someone from the lower class, it cannot be applied". 

In this case, compensation can be paid to the family of the murdered person.

The main verse for implementation in Islam is Al Baqara; 178 verse;
*: *'Believers! Retaliation is ordained for you regarding the people who were killed. Free versus free, captive versus captive, woman versus woman. Whoever is forgiven by the brother of the slain for a price, let him abide by the custom and pay the price well."

In traditional Islamic law (*sharia*), the doctrine of qisas allows a punishment analogous to the crime. Qisas is available to the victim or victim's heirs against a person convicted of murder or intentional bodily injury. In the case of murder, qisas gives the right to take the life of the killer, if the latter is convicted and the court approves. Those who are entitled to *qisas* have the option of receiving monetary compensation (*diyya*) or granting pardon to the person instead.

## References
Happy Asmara

**Heppy Rismanda Hendranata** (born July 10, 1999), known professionally as **Happy Asmara**, is an Indonesian singer-songwriter, actress, presenter, and businessperson. Her name is known thanks to the singles "Tak Ikhlasno" and "Dalan Liyane" which managed to gain popularity.

## Discography
### Album
* *Samudra Record Live* (2019)
* *Pingin Sayang* (2020)
* *Happy Asmara Terbaik* (2020)
* *Bikin Happy* (2022)

### Single
* "Salah" (2019)
* "Tak Ikhlasno" (2019)
* "Balik Kanan Wae" (2019)
* "Ojo Geton" (2019)
* "Kebal Kelaran" (2020)
* "Sampun Lilo" (2020)
* "Bahagiamu" (2020)
* "Iri Bilang Boss" (2020)
* "Wes Tatas" (2020)
* "Purik" (2020)
* "Ojo Dadi Pecundang" (2021)
* "Tak Warahi Carane" (2021)
* "Siji Wektu" (2021)
* "Cukup" (2022)
* "Tanpo Aku (Sing Ati-Ati)" (2022)
* "Suwun Lorone" (2022)

## Filmography 
### Film 
### Web series 
### Model Video clip 
* Tegar Soekamthos - "Aku Rapopo" (2020)
* Denny Caknan - "Helleh" (2022)

## References
## Other websites
* 
* 
*
Belle Delphine

**Mary-Belle Kirschner** (born 23 October 1999), better known online as **Belle Delphine**, is an English model and Internet celebrity, 'adult model', and YouTuber.

Delphine was born on 23 October 1999 in South Africa, and was raised in Cape Town. After her parents divorced, she moved to Lymington, England with her mother. Now in Hampshire, she attended Priestlands School, but dropped out at the age of fourteen, due to being bullied online. Around this time, she was treated for depression. After dropping out, she found work as a waitress, nanny, and barista. Delphine also began posting pictures of her cosplay onto her Facebook account, which was later deleted. These now-deleted cosplay posts were "low-res and dimly lit."

Delphine has a boyfriend, who often works on the photography of her modeling content and likes to remain anonymous.

## References
## Other websites
* 
*
National parks and nature reserves of Israel

National Park]]

The **national parks of Israel** are historic sites or nature reserves, which are mostly operated by the National Nature and Parks Authority. In 2015, Israel had 81 national parks and more than 400 nature reserves.

Some of the country's most notable parks are located at sites such as Tel Megiddo, Jerusalem and Ashkelon. These include the "Alexander stream" and "Mount Carmel National Park". Several parks and nature reserves have camping options, such as tent grounds and bungalows, open to small groups or campers. The main idea behind these parks and reserves is to guard the values of nature, landscape, heritage, and species.

Following the drying of Lake Hula, the Hula Reserve was established in 1964 and became the first declared nature reserve in Israel. It is a major stopover for birds migrating between Africa, Europe and Asia. In 1963 the Israeli parliament approved the "National parks and nature reserves act", and as a result, two authorities were established: the National Parks Authority and the Nature Reserves Authority. In 1998 the two authorities were merged into one body - Israel Nature and Parks Authority.

In Israel, the difference between national parks and nature reserves is often hard to make. National parks are in most cases centered around archaeological sites, but sometimes include protected nature as well. The nature reserves often contain not just protected flowers, trees and animals, but also archaeological sites of importance.

## References
## Other websites
*Israel Nature and Parks Authority
Brandon Bernard

**Brandon Anthony Micah Bernard** (July 3, 1980 – December 10, 2020) was an American man who was convicted for the 1999 robbery, kidnapping, and murder of two people. He was sentenced to death for the murders and remained on death row until his execution in December 2020.

Bernard was a gang member. In 1999, Bernard was one of five gang members who together robbed, kidnapped, and murdered two youth pastors. After forcing the pastors into the trunk of their car, Christopher Andre Vialva shot both in the head before Bernard set the car on fire with the victims inside. Vialva was executed on September 24, 2020, and Bernard was executed on December 10, 2020.

## References
Tony Stark (Marvel Cinematic Universe)

**Anthony "Tony" Edward Stark**, known popularly as the superhero vigilante **Iron Man**, is a fictional character in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU). He is based on the character of the same name from Marvel Comics. He is mostly portrayed by Robert Downey Jr., although a younger version of him is portrayed by David Ransom and an animated version of him is voiced by Mick Wingert. 

First appearing in *Iron Man*, he is first depicted as an entrepreneur and billionaire who works as a weapons manufacturer contracted to build weapons of mass destruction for the United States Army. He is kidnapped by the Ten Rings, an international terrorist organization, and forced to build weapons for them. He agrees to do so, but secretly creates the first Iron Man suit and escapes. He ultimately defeats the Ten Rings and announces himself as Iron Man to the world. His actions earn the attention of Nick Fury, who approaches him about the Avengers Initiative. In *The Incredible Hulk*, Stark returns for the first time in the pre-credits scene to talk to Thunderbolt Ross about the initiative. Stark returns again as the main protagonist of *Iron Man 2* and *Iron Man 3*. He appears as one of the co-protagonists in *The Avengers*, *Avengers: Age of Ultron*, *Avengers: Infinity War*, and *Avengers: Endgame*. Stark appears as the antagonist of *Captain America: Civil War* and has an additional supporting role *Spider-Man: Homecoming*, serving as the mentor of Peter Parker.

Tony Stark is widely recognized as one of the most important characters in the Infinity Saga of the MCU.

## Personality 
Tony is a genius and a philanthropist. He's good-hearted and also eccentric, wisecracking, sarcastic, exuberant, rational and optimistic. He's also very charismatic and friendly as he's able to make friends in a short period of time.

## Appearances
### Movie appearances 
Additionally, David Ransom portrays a younger version of Tony Stark in some scenes of *Iron Man 2*.

### Television appearances 
## References
Mongkol Na Songkhla

**Mongkol Na Songkhla** (, 16 January 1941 – 11 December 2020) was a Thai politician. He was the Minister of Public Health from 2006 to 2008 during the Surayud Chulanont cabinet. He was born in Bangkok. 

Na Songkhla died on 11 December 2020 in Bangkok from cancer, aged 79.

## References
Jimmy Collins (basketball)

**James Earl Collins** (November 24, 1946 – December 13, 2020) was an American basketball player and coach. He was born and raised in Syracuse, New York. He played for the Chicago Bulls from 1970 to 1972.

Collins was the head coach of the men's basketball team at the University of Illinois at Chicago from 1996 to 2010. He helped push the team to the NCAA Tournament in 1998, 2002 and 2004, and an NIT showing in 2003.

Collins died on December 13, 2020 from heart surgery-related problems in Chicago at the age of 74.

## References
Investing.com

**Investing.com** is a notable financial website. It provides financial news as well as information about market "quotes", foreign exchange, stocks, commodities, currencies, interest rates and more. As of December 2020, it is the second most popular financial website in the world and is among the top 200 most popular websites overall.

The website was founded in 2007 as "Forexpros". In 2012 its name changed to Investing.com, after the company bought their (domain) name for $2.45 million.

In the years 2013-2014, Investing.com launched Android and iOS apps, and in 2019 had editions in 24 languages. 

## References
## Other websites
*Official website
Nur Hossain Kasemi

**Allama Nur Hossain Kasemi** () (10 January 1945 – 13 December 2020) was a Bangladeshi Deobandi Islamic scholar, politician, educator, religious speaker and spiritual figure. He was the Secretary General of Hefazat-e-Islam Bangladesh from November 2020, until his death. He also was in charge of Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam Bangladesh from 2015, until his death. Kasemi was born in Dhaka.

Kasemi died at a Dhaka hospital on 13 December 2020 from respiratory failure, aged 75.

## References
Ferruccio Pisoni

**Ferruccio Pisoni** (6 August 1936 – 12 December 2020) was an Italian politician. He was a Deputy from 1968 to 1983. Pisoni was born in Trevi, Italy. He was a member of the Christian Democracy.

Pisoni died on 12 December 2020 at the age of 84.

## References
Motjeka Madisha

**Motjeka Madisha** (12 January 1995 – 12 December 2020) was a South African professional soccer player. He played for Mamelodi Sundowns, as a defender. He also played for the national team from 2015 to 2020. 

Madisha was killed in a car crash on 12 December 2020 in Kempton Park, Guateng at the age of 25.

## References
Carol Sutton (actress)

**Carol Sutton** (née **Dickerson**; December 3, 1944 – December 10, 2020) was an American actress. She was best known for her roles in the movie *Steel Magnolias*, ''Monster's Ball*, and *Ray''.

Sutton died on December 10, 2020 from COVID-19 in New Orleans at the age of 76.

## References
Nicolas Chumachenco

**Nicolas Chumachenco** (also known as Nicolas Chumachenko; March 27, 1944 – December 12, 2020), was a Polish-born Spanish-German violin soloist and professor. He was director of the Queen Sofía Chamber Orchestra. Chumachenco was born in Kraków, in Nazi-occupied Poland, to Ukrainian parents who left Poland at the end of the Second World War.

Chumachenco died on December 12, 2020 in Schallstadt, Germany at the age of 76.

## References
Bird Averitt

**William Rodney "Bird" Averitt** (July 22, 1952December 12, 2020) was an American professional basketball player in the American Basketball Association (ABA) and the National Basketball Association (NBA). He was born in Hopkinsville, Kentucky. His career lasted from 1973 to 1978. Averitt played for the San Antonio Spurs, Kentucky Colonels, Buffalo Braves and New Jersey Nets.

Averitt died on December 12, 2020 at the age of 68.

## References
Claude Castonguay

**Claude Castonguay**,  (May 8, 1929 – December 12, 2020) was Canadian Progressive Conservative politician, educator and businessman. He was born in Quebec City, Quebec. 

He was a member of the National Assembly of Quebec from 1970 to 1973. Catonguay was a member of the Senate of Canada from 1990 to 1992.

Castonguay died on December 12, 2020 at the age of 91.

## References
Hung parliament

after the February 1974 election. It is an example of a hung parliament. The Labour government (bottom) does not have a majority of seats, so it is a hung parliament. They did not make any agreement with other parties, so they had to start a minority government.]]
A **hung parliament** (also called a **balanced parliament**, or as a legislature under **no overall control**) is when no political party (or coalition that existed before) has a majority in the Westminster system of legislatures. If this isn't solved with something like a confidence and supply agreement or a new coalition, the largest party will have to form a minority government. This is bad because they can easily lose a vote of no confidence, so a government is hard to run.

## References
Confidence and supply

**Confidence and supply** is an agreement in a Westminster system government where parties or independents agree to support the minority government in votes of no confidence and appropriation or budget (supply) votes. This lets the government keep control of the lower house.

## Related pages
*Coalition

## References
Mackenzie Ziegler

**Mackenzie Frances Ziegler** (born June 4, 2004) is an American dancer, actress, model, and singer. She first got noticed as a child while appearing for six years on the Lifetime reality dance series *Dance Moms* with her older sister, Maddie Ziegler, who is a dancer and actress. She was also tulip on the masked dancer. 

## References 
## Other websites 
*
Without Love

***Without Love*** is a 1945 American romantic comedy movie directed by Harold S. Bacquet and was based on the 1942 play of the same name by Philip Barry. It stars Spencer Tracy, Katharine Hepburn, Lucille Ball, Keenan Wynn, Carl Esmond, Patricia Morison and was distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer.

## Other websites
*
1980 United States heat wave

The **1980 United States heat wave** was a period of strong heat and drought. It caused *serious* havoc and damage in the Southern Great Plains and much of the Midwestern United States during the summer of 1980. It was one of the most devastating and damaging natural disasters in terms of deaths.

The heat wave first got started in June 1980. A strong high pressure area began building in the central and Southern United States. That allowed the temperatures to soar to  almost every day from June to September. This high pressure system acted as a cap on the atmosphere. That prevented thunderstorm development and caused severe drought conditions. But the heat wave broke when the dying Hurricane Allen stopped the weather pattern.

The heat wave and drought led a number of cities in the Midwest and South to have record heat. In Kansas City, Missouri, the high temperature was only below  twice. In the same city, the high temperature hit  17 days in a row. In Memphis, Tennessee, the high temperature reached  on Sunday, July 13. It was part of a 15-day stretch of  temperatures that lasted from July 6 to July 20.

The agricultural damage by the 1980 heat wave and drought was over $20 billion (1980 USD). That allowed the temperatures to soar to  almost every day from June to September. This high pressure system acted as a cap on the atmosphere.

In Dallas-Fort Worth, Texas, high temperatures exceeded  a total of 69 times. Forty-two of those were consecutive days. In Dallas-Fort Worth, the high temperature hit  on two days: June 26 and 27.

## References
Lovers and Liars

***Lovers and Liars*** (*Viaggio con Anita*) is a 1979 Italian French comedy movie directed by Mario Monicelli and starring Goldie Hawn, Giancarlo Giannini, Claudine Auger, Aurore Clément, Laura Betti, Andréa Ferréol.

## Other websites
* 
*
MediaZona

**Mediazona** is a Russian website. Two girls from the Russian punk rock collective Pussy Riot (Maria Alyokhina and Nadezhda Tolokonnikova) made it in 2014. Russian political journalist Sergey Smirnov is the main editor of the website.

Mediazona gives information on the judicial, law enforcement, and penal system in Russia. Since 2020 the site gives such news on Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, and Belarus too. In February 2025, the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Republic of Belarus recognized Mediazona Belarus as an extremist group.

On 30 January 2021, the main editor of Mediazona Sergey Smirnov was locked up by the police.

## References 
## Other websites 
* 
*
Creator (movie)

***Creator*** is a 1985 American comedy movie directed by Ivan Passer and was based on the 1980 novel of the same name by Jeremy Leven. It stars Peter O'Toole, Mariel Hemingway, Vincent Spano, Virginia Madsen, David Ogden Stiers, John Dehner, Ian Wolfe, Kenneth Tigar, Jeff Corey and was distributed by Universal Pictures.

## Other websites
* 
*
A Letter for Evie

***A Letter for Evie*** is a 1946 American comedy movie directed by Jules Dassin and starring Marsha Hunt, John Carroll, Hume Cronyn, Spring Byington, Norman Lloyd, Pamela Britton, Donald Curtis, Esther Howard. It was distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer.

## Other websites
*
Miriam Naor

**Miriam Naor** (October 26, 1947 &ndash; January 24, 2022) was an Israeli judge. She was President of the Supreme Court of Israel. She was in that position from 2015 to 2017.

## Biography
Naor was born in Jerusalem. She served in the IDF as a soldier-teacher. 

Naor married Arye Naor, who was a governments secretary in Menachem Begin's government. In 1972 she began working at the state attorney's office, and was later promoted to the position of the state's senior attorney. At the same time, she worked as a professor at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. In 1980, she was appointed to be a judge in Jerusalem and in 1989 was promoted to the district court.

In 2001 she began serving as a judge on the Supreme Court of Israel. In 2012, the judge electing panel chose her to the position of vice-president of the Supreme Court, and in 2015 she became its President.

## References
Shock (1946 movie)

***Shock*** is a 1946 American thriller movie directed by Alfred L. Werker and starring Vincent Price, Lynn Bari, Frank Latimore, Anabel Shaw, Stephen Dunne, Reed Hadley. It was distributed by 20th Century Fox.

## Other websites
* 
* 
*
Charlotte Tillar Schexnayder

**Charlotte Tillar Schexnayder** (December 25, 1923 – December 11, 2020) was an American journalist and politician. She was a member of the Arkansas House of Representatives from the 74th district from 1985 to 1999. She was born in Tillar, Arkansas. Schexnayder was a member of the Democratic Party.

Schexnayder died on December 11, 2020 in Little Rock, Arkansas at the age of 96.

## References
Huang Zongying

**Huang Zongying** (; 13 July 1925 – 14 December 2020) was a Chinese actress and writer. She starred in many black-and-white movies such as *Rhapsody of Happiness* (1947), *Crows and Sparrows* (1949), *Women Side by Side* (1949), and *The Life of Wu Xun* (1950). Huang was born in Beijing.

Huang died on 14 December 2020 in Beijing at the age of 95.

## References
Piotr Machalica

**Piotr Machalica** (13 February 1955 &ndash; 14 December 2020) was a Polish actor. His career began in 1979. Machalica was born in Pszczyna, Poland. Machalica played Tadeusz in *Hero of the Year* (1987), Roman in *Dekalog: Nine* (1988) and Roman in *A Short Film About Love* (1988).

Machalica died on 14 December 2020 in Warsaw from COVID-19 at the age of 65.

## References
Born to Win

***Born to Win*** is a 1971 American black comedy movie directed by Ivan Passer and starring George Segal, Karen Black, Paula Prentiss, Hector Elizondo and Robert De Niro. It was distributed by United Artists.

## Other websites
* 
*
Terry Kay

**Terry Kay** (February 10, 1938 &ndash; December 12, 2020) was an American author. Kay was known for his work as *To Dance with the White Dog*. Kay was born in Royston, Georgia.

Kay died on December 12, 2020 from liver cancer in Athens, Georgia at the age of 82.

## References
Escurinho

**Benedito Custódio Ferreira**, nicknamed **Escurinho** (3 July 1930 – 12 December 2020) was a Brazilian footballer who played as an attacking midfielder and left winger. He was born in Nova Lima, Brazil. Escurinho played for Villa Nova, Fluminense, Atlético Junior, Portuguesa (RJ) and Bonsucesso.

He played eight times for the Brazilian national team between 1955 and 1956.

He died on 12 November 2020 from Alzheimer's disease and multiple organ failure in Nova Lima at the age of 90.

## References
Alfonso Gagliano

**Alfonso Gagliano**   (; (January 25, 1942 – December 12, 2020) was an Italian-born Canadian accountant and a Liberal Party politician. He was born in Siculiana, Italy. Gagliano was a member of the Parliament of Canada from 1984 to 2002. He also was a Minister of Labour from 1996 to 1997 and of Public Works and Government Services from 1997 to 2002.

Gagliano died on December 12, 2020 at the age of 78.

## References
Victor Gnanapragasam

Father **Victor Gnanapragasam** O.M.I. (November 21, 1940 – December 12, 2020) was a Sri Lankan Roman Catholic prelate. He was the first prefect of the Catholic Apostolic Prefecture of Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan from 2001 until his death. Gnanapragasam was born in Jaffna, Sri Lanka.  

Gnanapragasam died on December 12, 2020 from a heart attack at the age of 80.

## References
Shahid Mahmood

**Shahid Mahmood** (Urdu: **شاہد محمود**) (17 March 1939 &ndash; 13 December 2020) was a Pakistani cricketer. He was born in Lucknow. He played in one Test in 1962. He played first-class cricket in Pakistan from 1957 to 1969. He played for the national team.

Mahmood died on 13 December 2020 in New Jersey at the age of 81.

## References
City Girls

**City Girls** is a Miami-based hip hop duo formed by **Yung Miami** (real name Caresha Brownlee) and **JT** (real name Jatavia Shakara Johnson) in 2017. They became popular after making an uncredited guest appearance on Drake's chart-topping hit single "In My Feelings". Their first studio album, *Girl Code* (2018), contained the platinum certified singles "Twerk" and "Act Up". Their second studio album *City on Lock* was released in 2020.

## Discography 
* *Girl Code* (2018)
* *City on Lock* (2020)

### Mixtapes 
* *Period* (2018)

## References
Fiorenzo Alfieri

**Fiorenzo Alfieri** (11 September 1943 &ndash; 13 December 2020) was an Italian educator and politician. He was born in Polignano a Mare, Italy. He was a member of the Turin City Council from 1995 to 2000.

Alfieri died of COVID-19 in Turin on 13 December 2020 at the age of 77.

## References
Polignano a Mare

**Polignano a Mare** (; Barese: ) is a town and *comune* in the Metropolitan City of Bari, Apulia, southern Italy, located on the Adriatic Sea. 

## References
## Other websites
*Official website
Hasu Yajnik

**Hasmukhray Vrajlal Yajnik** (12 February 1938 ― 10 December 2020), better known as **Hasu Yajnik**, also spelled **Hasu Yagnik** was a Gujarati writer and editor. He wrote novels, short stories, criticism, folklore, and children's stories. He was a professor of Gujarati in many government colleges in Gujarat. 

He wrote twenty novels, three short story collections, two jail stories, four medieval stories, and criticism of four medieval works. He edited twelve folk works and six works of children's literature.

He was the registrar of the Gujarat Sahitya Akademi, Gandhinagar from 1982 to 1996. He was a founder and managing trustee of the Meghani Lokvidya Sanshodhan Bhavan, Ahmedabad from 1996 to 2005.

He died on 10 December 2020 due to COVID-19 in Ahmedabad at the age of 82.

## References
Diego Novelli

**Diego Novelli** (born 22 May 1931) is an Italian politician. He was born in Turin. 

Novelli was a member of the Italian Communist Party. He was a Member of the European Parliament from 1984 to 2001. He was a member of the Chamber of Deputies from 1987 to 2001. Novelli was Mayor of Turin from 1975 to 1985.

## References
Valentino Castellani

**Valentino Castellani** (born 19 March 1940) is an Italian politician. He was the independent Mayor of Turin from 24 June 1993 to 1 June 2001. Castellani was born in Varmo, Italy. From 1999 to 2006, he was President of the International Olympic Committee.

## References
Varmo

**Varmo** () is a *comune* (municipality) in the Province of Udine in the Italian region Friuli-Venezia Giulia. It is about  northwest of Trieste and about  southwest of Udine.

## References
Burshtyn

**Burshtyn** () is a city located in Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast, Ukraine. Its population is 13,000.

It was developed significantly during the Soviet Union period due to Burshtyn Coal Power Station. The city has an old Roman Catholic Church in the center of the city.

## History 
The first written mention of the settlement dates back to 1554 (or in 1436 according to other sources).

In the second half of the 16th century the town belonged to the Polish nobleman Skarbek. In October 1629, a famous battle took place near the town, in which the registered Cossacks and the Polish army under the command of Stefan Khmeletsky defeated the Tatar.  The attackers were driven further, in particular, to Monastyrysk, where their remains were again destroyed.

From 1630 the owner of Burshtyn was the magnate Yablonovsky. During the Middle Ages, the city was destroyed by raids by Tatars and Turks, in particular during the Polish-Turkish wars of the XVII century (1629, 1675).

## References
Anatoliy Kinakh

**Anatoliy Kyrylovych Kinakh** (; born 4 August 1954) is a Ukrainian politician. He is the leader of Party of Industrialists and Entrepreneurs of Ukraine.

Kinakh is most known for holding the Prime Minister of Ukraine office under the President Leonid Kuchma from 2001 to 2002. He was also the first Vice Prime Minister and a Minister of Economy of Ukraine.

## References
Guangdong frog

The **Guangdong frog**, **brown grasspound frog**, **three-striped grass frog**, **long-toed frog**, **marbled slender frog**, **long-toed slender frog** or **stripe-backed frog** (*Hylarana macrodactyla*) is a frog from China, Myanmar , Laos, Cambodia, Vietnam and Malaysia.

This frog lives in tropical and subtropical forests that are not too wet and in some grasslands.

The name "macrodactyla" means "with big fingers," or "long-toed."

## References
Otto Barić

**Otto Barić** (; 19 June 1933 – 13 December 2020) was an Austrian-born Croatian football player and later manager. He was born in Eisenkappel-Vellach, Austria. From 1958 to 1963, he played for Lokomotiva Zagreb. He managed the national team from 2002 to 2004.

Barić died of COVID-19 on 13 December 2020 in Zagreb, Croatia at the age of 87.

## Managerial statistics
Source:
 

## Honours
**Wacker Innsbruck**
*Austrian Bundesliga: 1970–71, 1971–72

**NK Zagreb**
*Yugoslav Second League: 1975–76

**Yugoslavia**
*Mediterranean Games: 1979

**Rapid Vienna**
*Austrian Bundesliga: 1982–83, 1986–87, 1987–88
*Austrian Cup: 1983, 1984, 1985, 1987
*Austrian Supercup: 1986, 1987, 1988
*European Cup Winners' Cup runner-up: 1985

**Casino Salzburg**
*Austrian Bundesliga: 1993–94, 1994–95
*Austrian Supercup: 1994, 1995
*UEFA Cup runner-up: 1994

**Croatia Zagreb** 
*Croatian First League: 1996–97
*Croatian Cup: 1997

## References
1962 Atlantic hurricane season

The **1962 Atlantic hurricane season** was not very active. It was the least active hurricane season since 1939, as there were only five named storms. It started on June 15, 1962, but the first storm was not until August 26. 

## Systems

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  id:TS     value:rgb(0,0.98,0.96)  legend:Tropical_Storm_=_39–73_mph_(63–117_km/h)
  id:C1     value:rgb(1,1,0.80)     legend:Category_1_=_74–95_mph_(118–153_km/h)
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  from:30/04/1962 till:30/04/1962 color:TD text:"Unnumbered (TD)"
  from:30/06/1962 till:02/07/1962 color:TS text:"One (TS)"
  from:26/08/1962 till:30/08/1962 color:C1 text:"Alma (C1)"
  from:27/08/1962 till:29/08/1962 color:TD text:"Unnumbered (TD)"
  from:27/08/1962 till:31/08/1962 color:TS text:"Becky (TS)"
  barset:break
  from:12/09/1962 till:21/09/1962 color:TS text:"Celia (TS)"
  from:20/09/1962 till:23/09/1962 color:TD text:"Unnumbered (TD)"
  from:29/09/1962 till:08/10/1962 color:C2 text:"Daisy (C2)"
  from:14/10/1962 till:22/10/1962 color:C2 text:"Ella (C2)"
  from:28/11/1962 till:04/12/1962 color:C1 text:"Seven (C1)"

  bar:Month width:5 align:center fontsize:S shift:(0,-20) anchor:middle color:canvas
  from:01/04/1962 till:01/05/1962 text:April
  from:01/05/1962 till:01/06/1962 text:May
  from:01/06/1962 till:01/07/1962 text:June
  from:01/07/1962 till:01/08/1962 text:July
  from:01/08/1962 till:01/09/1962 text:August
  from:01/09/1962 till:01/10/1962 text:September
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   text:"Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale)"

## References
The Baron of Arizona

***The Baron of Arizona*** is a 1950 American western movie directed by Samuel Fuller and was based on the 1949 article by Homer Croy. It stars Vincent Price, Ellen Drew, Vladimir Sokoloff, Beulah Bondi, Reed Hadley, Robert Barrat, Margia Dean, Jonathan Hale, Edward Keane and was distributed by Lippert Pictures.

## Other websites
* 
* 
*
Radhika Ranjan Pramanick

**Radhika Ranjan Pramanick** (18 December 1932 – 13 December 2020) was an Indian politician. He was born in West Bengal, British India. Pramanick was a member of the All India Trinamool Congress. From 1989 to 2004, he was a member of the Lok Sabha. 

Pramanick died on 13 December 2020 in Kolkata, India at the age of 87.

## References
The Web (movie)

***The Web*** is a 1947 American crime thriller movie directed by Michael Gordon and starring Ella Raines, Edmond O'Brien, William Bendix, Vincent Price, Maria Palmer, Howland Chamberlain. It was distributed by Universal Pictures.

## Other websites
* 
* 
*
Happy Joe's

'''Happy Joe's Pizza & Ice Cream Parlor''' is an American pizza parlor chain based in Bettendorf, Iowa. The restaurant chain was founded in 1972 by Lawrence Joseph "Happy Joe" Whitty. He was a former Shakey's Pizza manager.

Happy Joe's has 61 restaurants in North Dakota, Missouri, Minnesota, Wisconsin, Iowa and Illinois.

## References