open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Gordon Douglas (director)

**Gordon Douglas** (born **Gordon Douglas Brickner**; December 15, 1907 – September 29, 1993) was an American movie director. He was born in New York City. He worked with RKO Films, Columbia Pictures and Warner Bros.. He also directed many *Our Gang* shorts.

For Columbia Pictures, he made *Mr. Soft Touch* (1949), *Between Midnight and Dawn* (1950), *Rogues of Sherwood Forest* (1950), *Fortunes of Captain Blood* (1950), and *The Nevadan* (1950).

For RKO Films, he made *The Great Gildersleeve* (1942) and its sequel *Gildersleeve on Broadway* (1943), ''Gildersleeve's Bad Day* (1943) and *Gildersleeve's Ghost* (1944). He also directed *The Falcon in Hollywood* (1944), *Girl Rush* (1944), *A Night of Adventure* (1944), and *First Yank into Tokyo'' (1945).

## References
Eastern green mamba

The **eastern green mamba** (*Dendroaspis angusticeps*) is a highly venomous snake species of the mamba genus *Dendroaspis*. They are found in the coastal regions of southern East Africa. It was discovered in 1849. It has a slender build with bright green upperparts and yellow-green underparts. The adult female averages around  in length, and the male is slightly smaller.

The eastern green mamba preys on birds, eggs, bats, and rodents such as mice, rats, and gerbils. Their venom affects the cardiovascular and nerve systems.

## References
Jameson's mamba

'''Jameson's mamba'* (*Dendroaspis jamesoni'') is a species of quick, highly arboreal and highly venomous snake of the family Elapidae. The species are found in Africa. They were discovered in 1843.

## References
Western green mamba

The **western green mamba** (*Dendroaspis viridis*), also known as the **West African green mamba** or '''Hallowell's green mamba'*, is a long, thin, and highly venomous snake of the mamba genus, *Dendroaspis''. This species was first described in 1844.

The western green mamba is a fairly large and mainly arboreal species. They mainly eat rodents and other small mammals.

## References
Andrew Smith (zoologist)

**Sir Andrew Smith** KCB (3 December 1797 – 11 August 1872) was a Scottish surgeon, explorer, ethnologist and zoologist. He is known as the father of zoology in South Africa. He discovered many species in his major work, *Illustrations of the Zoology of South Africa*. Smith was born in Hawick, Roxburghshire.

## References
Coluber constrictor foxii

***Coluber constrictor foxii***, commonly known as the **blue racer**, is a subspecies of *Coluber constrictor*,  a species of nonvenomous, colubrid snakes. They are known as the eastern racer.

## References
Schitt's Creek

'''''Schitt's Creek*** (stylized as ***Schitt$ Creek''''') is a Canadian television sitcom created by Dan and Eugene Levy that aired on CBC Television from January 13, 2015, to April 7, 2020. It is made up of 80 episodes spread over six seasons.

It was produced by Not a Real Company Productions.

Now living in a motel, Johnny Rose (Eugene Levy) and Moira Rose (Catherine O'Hara)—along with their adult children, David (Dan Levy) and Alexis (Annie Murphy)—must live life without money and, with each other.

In 2020, it won the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Comedy Series.

## References
Annie Murphy

**Anne Frances Murphy** (born December 19, 1986) is a Canadian actress. She is best known for her starring role as Alexis Rose in the CBC sitcom ''Schitt's Creek'' (2015–2020).

## References
Dan Levy (Canadian actor)

**Daniel Joseph Levy** (born 9 August 1983) is a Canadian actor, writer, director, and producer.

His parents are Eugene Levy and Deborah Divine. Dan and Eugene both acted in Friday After Next and Next Friday.

He is known for starring as David Rose in the CBC sitcom ''Schitt's Creek'' (2015–2020), which he also co-created and co-starred in with his father.

Levy is openly gay.

## References
Percy Schmeiser

**Percy Schmeiser** (January 5, 1931October 13, 2020) was a Canadian businessman, farmer and politician. He was born in Bruno, Saskatchewan. He was a member of the Saskatchewan Liberal Party.

He became known for independent farmers' rights and the regulation of transgenic crops during his protracted legal battle with multinational agrichemical company Monsanto.

He did plant breeding and grew canola, field peas, mustard and wheat. From 1967 to 1971, he was a member of the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan.

Schmeiser died on October 13, 2020 from Parkinson's disease-related problems in Saskatchewan at the age of 89.

## References
Sebastian Giovinco

**Sebastian Giovinco** (born 26 January 1987) is an Italian professional footballer. He plays as a forward for Saudi Arabian club Al-Hilal and the Italy national team. 

## Career statistics
### Club
### International
:''Scores and results list Italy's goal tally first, score column indicates score after each Giovinco goal.''
*Supercoppa Primavera: 2006
*Coppa Italia Primavera: 2007

**Juventus**
*Serie A: 2012–13, 2013–14
*Serie B: 2006–07
*Supercoppa Italiana: 2012, 2013

**Toronto FC**
*MLS Cup: 2017
*Eastern Conference Championship playoffs: 2016, 2017
*Supporters' Shield: 2017
*Canadian Championship: 2016, 2017, 2018
*Trillium Cup: 2016, 2017

**Al-Hilal**
*Saudi Professional League: 2019–20
*AFC Champions League: 2019

### International
**Italy** 
*UEFA European Championship runner-up: 2012
*FIFA Confederations Cup third place: 2013

**Italy U21**
*Toulon Tournament: 2008

### Individual
*Campionato Nazionale Primavera Best Player: 2005–06
*Toulon Tournament Player of the Tournament: 2008
*UEFA European Under-21 Championship Team of the Tournament: 2009
*MLS All-Star (4): 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018
*MLS Best XI (3): 2015, 2016, 2017
*MLS MVP Award: 2015
*MLS Golden Boot: 2015
*MLS Newcomer of the Year Award: 2015
*MLS Player of the Month: July 2015, August 2015
*Best MLS Player ESPY Award: 2016
*George Gross Memorial Trophy: 2017
*Canadian Championship Top scorer: 2017
*Audi Player Index Award (2): 2016, 2017
*Red Patch Boys Player of the Year (2): 2015, 2016
*CONCACAF Champions League Golden Ball: 2018
*CONCACAF Champions League Best XI: 2018
*CONCACAF Men's Best XI: 2018
*CONCACAF Men's Player of the Year: 2018 (Third Place)

## References
## Other websites
* 
* Giovinco's Toronto FC Profile
* Giovinco's LegaSerieA Profile  
* National team statistics on Italian FA website 
* Profile at Italia1910.com
Queer anarchism

of queer anarchism]]
**Queer anarchism** is a movement within anarchism that supports LGBT people expressing themselves. The movement is in favor of gay liberation and against homophobia. Notable people advocating queer anarchism were John Henry Mackay, Adolf Brand and Daniel Guérin.

## Related pages 
*Queer
Guy Madison

**Guy Madison** (born **Robert Ozell Moseley**; January 19, 1922 – February 6, 1996) was an American actor. He is best known for playing Wild Bill Hickok in the Western television series *The Adventures of Wild Bill Hickok* from 1951 to 1958.

Madison died of emphysema at the Desert Hospital Hospice in Palm Springs, California, on February 6, 1996, at the age of 74.

## References
Aluminium alloy

, made in the 1990s.|284x284px]]
**Aluminium alloys** are alloys in which aluminium is the main metal used. It is usually alloyed with elements like copper, magnesium, manganese, silicon, tin and zinc. Aluminium alloys are classified into casting alloys and wrought alloys. About 85% of aluminium is used for wrought products. Cast aluminium alloys give cheap products because of their low melting point. Aluminium alloys are widely used in engineering structures.

## Engineering use & properties 
.]]
Aluminium alloys, classified by ANSI or names of main constituents (DIN and ISO), have diverse properties for engineering structures. Choosing the right alloy involves evaluating tensile strength, density, ductility, formability, workability, weldability, and corrosion resistance. Historically, aluminium alloys are crucial in aircraft for their high strength-to-weight ratio, as pure aluminium is too soft for such applications.

### Aluminium alloys vs steel 
Aluminium alloys have an elastic modulus of about 70 GPa, one-third that of steel, meaning they deform more under the same load. Design choices for new metal products are often influenced by manufacturing technology, with extrusions being crucial for forming complex profiles, especially in Al-Mg-Si alloys. Aluminium alloys can achieve stiffer, lighter designs compared to steels. For example, in thin-walled tubes, increasing the radius by 26% halves the wall stress. Consequently, aluminium bicycle frames use larger tube diameters for desired stiffness. In automotive engineering, aluminium cars use extruded space frames for rigidity, shifting away from the steel unibody design.

Aluminium alloys are commonly used in automotive engines for weight savings, especially in engine blocks and crankcases. Their susceptibility to warping at high temperatures makes effective cooling systems essential. Advances in manufacturing and metallurgy have enabled successful applications, despite past failures like the Chevrolet Corvair's aluminium cylinder heads. However, aluminium alloys have lower fatigue strength than steel, lacking a fatigue limit, which limits their use in high-cycle (over 10^7 stress cycles) components.

### Heat sensitivity 
Aluminium's heat sensitivity complicates routine procedures, as it melts without glowing red, unlike steel. Heat treatment effects can be negated by blow torches, which may internally damage the material, rendering heat-treated chains unsafe. Aluminium frames, if improperly welded, can twist from internal stresses, prompting the aerospace industry to favor rivets, fasteners, or adhesives instead. Overheated aluminium can be annealed but may still distort, with misalignment potentially correctable if designed for rigidity. Despite its heat intolerance, aluminium is used in rocketry, such as in the RM-81 Agena engine, where its high thermal conductivity prevents melting under extreme heat.
The Way, Way Back

***The Way, Way Back*** is a 2013 American comedy movie directed by Nat Faxon and Jim Rash. It was produced by Sycamore Pictures and Odd Lot Entertainment.

## References 
## Other websites 
* 
*
Lévon Sayan

**Lévon Sayan** or **Levon Sanosyan** (, born December 17, 1934) is a French-Armenian impresario and producer, as well as an operatic tenor. He was born in Aix-en-Provence, France. He was the music manager of Charles Aznavour, Liza Minnelli, Plácido Domingo and Mario del Monaco.

## References
Miles Teller

**Miles Alexander Teller** (born February 20, 1987) is an American actor. His movies include *The Spectacular Now*, *Whiplash*, *Divergent*, *Bleed for This* and *Thank You for Your Service*.

## References
Downingtown, Pennsylvania

**Downingtown** is a borough in Chester County, Pennsylvania,  west of Philadelphia. As of the 2020 census it had a population of 7,892.

## References
Lecanto, Florida

**Lecanto** is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Citrus County, Florida, United States. As of the 2020 census it had a population of 6,301.

## References
Maihar

**Maihar** is a city in Satna District in Madhya Pradesh in India.

There is a Sharda Devi temple in Maihar and a religious fair every year. The temple was built in 502 c.e.  There are many legends about the temple and the city.

The name "Maihar" comes from the words *mai* meaning "mother" and *har* meaning "necklace."

## References
Stephen N. Limbaugh Sr.

**Stephen Nathaniel Limbaugh Sr.** ( ; born November 17, 1927) is an American former federal judge. He served as a judge to both the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Missouri and the District Court for the Western District of Missouri from 1983 until his retirement in 2008. He was chosen by U.S. president Ronald Reagan in the early 1980s after a noted career as a trial lawyer in Missouri. 

Limbaugh was born in Cape Girardeau, Missouri. His son and namesake, Stephen N. Limbaugh Jr., is currently a federal judge for the Eastern District of Missouri. He is also an uncle of radio host and conservative commentator Rush Limbaugh.

## References
The Sheriff of Fractured Jaw

***The Sheriff of Fractured Jaw*** is a 1958 British western comedy movie directed by Raoul Walsh and was based on the 1954 short story of the same name. It stars Kenneth More, Jayne Mansfield, Henry Hull, Bruce Cabot, Ronald Squire, Sid James, Ronald Squire, Gordon Tanner, Robert Morley and was distributed by 20th Century Fox.

## Other websites
* 
* 
*
Rainbow Ruby

***Rainbow Ruby*** (; ; pinyin: Cǎihóng bǎobǎo) is a 2016 Korean/Chinese/Canadian CGI animated television series aimed at children, produced by 38&nbsp;°C Animation Studio and CJ E&M Corporation in South Korea, China Entertainment Corporation (a subsidiary of China ACG Group, which is an enterprise directly under the PRC Government's Ministry of Culture) in China and DHX Media In Canada And Produced In Association With EBS 1 (South Korea) CCTV 1 (China) and Family Jr. (Canada)
Super Wings

***Super Wings*** (Korean: 출동! 슈퍼윙스; Chinese: 超级飞侠) is an animated television series produced by FunnyFlux Entertainment in South Korea and distributed by Alpha Group Co., Ltd. in China, and Little Airplane Productions in the United States and it aired broadcasting to Sprout/Universal Kids on March 14, 2015 and until 2021, with the production support from the Educational Broadcasting System in South Korea, and additional support from KOCCA.

It is the television animated spinoff of *Cars*.
Akkitham Achuthan Namboothiri

**Akkitham Achuthan Namboothiri** (18 March 1926 – 15 October 2020), popularly known as **Akkitham**, was an Indian poet and essayist. Many of his works were in the Malayalam language. He was born near Kumaranellur, Palakkad.

Akkitham was the 2019 recipient of India’s highest literary honour, the Jnanpith Award, and several other awards including Padma Shri.

Namboothiri died at a private hospital on 15 October 2020 in Thrissur, aged 94.

## References
List of presidents of Calabria

This is a list of the **presidents of Calabria** since 1970. 

## List
### Presidents elected by the Regional Council (1970-2000)

### Directly-elected presidents (since 2000)

;Notes
Stephen Limbaugh

**Stephen Limbaugh** may refer to:
* Stephen N. Limbaugh Jr. (born 1952), current U.S. District Court Judge (2008–)
* Stephen N. Limbaugh Sr. (born 1927), former U.S. District Court Judge (1983–2008)
Giuseppe Chiaravalloti

**Giuseppe Chiaravalloti** (26 February 1934 – 6 January 2025) was an Italian judge and politician. He was the President of Calabria between 18 May 2000 to 2 May 2005. He was a member of the Forza Italia. Chiaravalloti was born in Satriano, Italy.

Chiaravalloti died on 6 January 2025 in Catanzaro, Italy at the age of 90.

## References
Paul Matters

**Paul Matters** (14 October 1952 – 14 October 2020) was an Australian musician. He was born in Toronto, New South Wales. He served as a bassist of rock band AC/DC in 1975. He joined the group after their first album *High Voltage*. He was sacked by AC/DC singer Bon Scott weeks after joining the group and replaced by Mark Evans.

Little is known to the public about Matters' life after being sacked by AC/DC. He died of heart disease in his hometown of Toronto on 14 October 2020, his 68th birthday.

## References
Agazio Loiero

**Agazio Loiero** (born 14 January 1940) is an Italian politician. He was born in Santa Severina, Italy. He was a Senator between 1996 and 2001. He was also a Deputy between 1987 and 1994 and again from 2001 to 2005. 

During the cabinet of Massimo D'Alema, he was Minister for Parliamentary Relations between 1999 and 2000. During the Giuliano Amato cabinet, he was Minister of Reginal Affairs between 2000 and 2001.

From 2005 to 2010, he was President of Calabria.

## References
Jole Santelli

**Jole Santelli** (28 December 1968 &ndash; 15 October 2020) was an Italian politician. She was a member of the Forza Italia 2013 party. She was born in Cosenza, Italy. She was a Deputy from 30 May 2000 to 31 March 2020. On 17 February 2020, she became President of Calabria.

Santelli died on 15 October 2020 in Cosenza from an internal hemorrhage caused by cancer, aged 51.

## References
Raúl Portal

**Raul Alberto Portal** (23 September 1939 &ndash; 14 October 2020) was an Argentine journalist, radio and television presenter. He was known for being the original presenter for *Unusual Weekly* during the 1980s. He was also the presenter of many reality shows for El Nueve.

Portal died of pneumonia caused by multiple strokes on 14 October 2020 in Buenos Aires, aged 81.

## References
Thrombocythemia

**Thrombocythemia** is a condition of high platelet (thrombocyte) count in the blood. Normal count is in the range of 150,000 to 450,000 platelets per microlitre of blood.

When the cause is unknown, the term thrombocythemia is used, as either primary thrombocythyemia or essential thrombocythemia. This is caused by problems found in the bone marrow, cells that overproduce the platelets. The cause of these problems is unknown.

## References
José Augusto Martins Fernandes Pedreira

**José Augusto Martins Fernandes Pedreira** (10 April 1935 &ndash; 14 October 2020) was a Portuguese Roman Catholic prelate. He was born in Valença, Portugal. He was the Bishop of Viana do Castelo from 1997 to 2010.

Martins Fernandes Pedreira died on 14 October 2020 in Braga, Portugal at the age of 85.

## References
Claude Feidt

**Claude Feidt** (7 March 1936 &ndash; 13 October 2020) was a French Roman Catholic prelate. He was born in Audun-le-Roman, France. He was Archbishop of Chambéry from 1985 to 1999 and of Aix from 1999 to 2010.

Feidt died on 13 October 2020 at a hospital in Le Puy-en-Velay, France at the age of 84.

## References
Audun-le-Roman

**Audun-le-Roman** (Lorrain: *Audeu*, ) is a commune in the Meurthe-et-Moselle department in northeastern France.

## References
Bhanu Athaiya

**Bhanu Athaiya** (born **Bhanumati Annasaheb Rajopadhye**; 28 April 1929 &ndash; 15 October 2020) was an Indian costume designer. She was born in Kolhapur, then-British India. She was best known for being the costume designer for the 1982 movie *Gandhi*. She won an Academy Award for Best Costume Design for her *Gandhi* designs.

In 2012, Athaiya was diagnosed with a form of brain cancer and left her paralyzed. She died from problems caused by the disease on 15 October 2020 at a Mumbai hospital, aged 91.

## References
## Other websites
* Filmography  at *The New York Times*
*
Thrombocytopenia

**Thrombocytopenia** is a condition where there is an unhealthy case of low levels of platelets, also known as thrombocytes, in the blood.

A normal human platelet count ranges from 150,000 to 450,000 platelets per microliter of blood. This condition can often make a person have 50,000 per microliter. 

## References
Resolute desk

sitting on the Resolute desk in 2009]]
The '''*Resolute* desk''' is a nineteenth-century desk used by several presidents of the United States in the White House Oval Office.

It was a gift from Queen Victoria to President Rutherford B. Hayes in 1880 and was built from the English oak timbers of the British Arctic exploration ship . Franklin Roosevelt added a door with the presidential seal to hide his leg braces. 

Many presidents since Hayes have used the desk at many locations in the White House.

The desk was removed from the White House after the 1963 assassination of President John F. Kennedy, when President Lyndon Johnson allowed it to go on a traveling exhibition with artifacts of the Kennedy Presidential Library. It was then put on display in the Smithsonian Institution.

President Jimmy Carter brought the desk back to the Oval Office in 1977, where it has remained with every president since, except George H. W. Bush.

## References
Sharmila Tagore

**Sharmila Tagore** (born 8 December 1944), also known by her married name **Ayesha Begum**, is a retired Indian actress. She is known for her roles in *Mausam* (1975) and *Abar Aranye* (2003), and *Viruddh* (2006).

In December 2005 she was chosen as a UNICEF Goodwill Ambassador. 

She was one of the International Competition's Jury Members at the 2009 Cannes Film Festival. In 2013, she was awarded Padma Bhushan by the Government of India.

## References
Mansoor Ali Khan Pataudi

Nawab **Mohammad Mansoor Ali Khan Siddiqui Pataudi** (also known as **Mansur Ali Khan**, or **M. A. K. Pataudi**; 5 January 1941 – 22 September 2011; nicknamed **Tiger Pataudi**), was an Indian cricketer and former captain of the Indian cricket team. 

He was the titular **Nawab of Pataudi** from 1952 until 1971. 

He was made captain at the age of 21. He was known as one of "India's greatest cricket captains". 

Pataudi died at a New Delhi hospital of respiratory failure and a respiratory tract infection caused by lung disease on 22 September 2011, aged 70.

## References
Rosario Olivo

**Rosario Olivo** (born 18 April 1940) is an Italian politician. He was born in Catanzaro, Italy. He is a member of the Italian Socialist Party.

He was deputy from 1992 to 2001 and was the President of Calabria from 1987 to 1992. In 2006, he was elected mayor of Catanzaro.

## References
Cow urine

**Cow urine** (गोमूत्र "Gomutra" in Hindi) is used as medicine mainly in India where cows are considered as holy by Hindus. In addition cow urine is consumed as a drink by people believing it to boost the immunity. Cow urine is one of the five contents of *Panchagavya* meaning five products obtained from a cow (urine, milk, ghee, curd and dung). Cow urine is also used in folk medicine in Myanmar, Nepal and Nigeria.

## Uses of cow urine 
### To treat diseases 
From ancient times it is used in Ayurveda medicine to treat leprosy, fever, peptic ulcers, liver diseases, kidney diseases, asthma, psoriasis and for weight loss in obesity.

### In Farming 
Cow urine is used in organic farming as a fertilizer and to protect crops from fungal infections.

### Other uses 
In addition cow urine is used as a floor cleaner and to manufacture cosmetic products like skin creams, bathing liquids and soap.

## False Beliefs 
Although few people believe cow urine can cure cancer, it is not backed by scientific research with some scientists saying cow urine may not have any medicinal value at all. Some Hindus including political figures in India believe that cow urine contains gold which is also a myth.

## References
Kerry Shine

**Kerry Gerard Shine** (born 5 October 1948) is an Australian politician and solicitor. He is a member of the Labor Party. He was a member of the Legislative Assembly of Queensland for Toowoomba North from 2001 to 2012. He also served as Attorney-General of Queensland from 2006 to 2009. He became a member of Toowoomba Regional Council in March 2020. Before his political career, he co-founded the law firm Shine Lawyers.

Shine was born in Toowoomba, Queensland. He has three children.

## References
Tiwi Islands

image of the Tiwi Islands]]
The **Tiwi Islands** are a group of islands part of the Northern Territory, Australia. The islands are  to the north of Darwin, split by the Timor Sea. The islands are Melville Island (Australia's third largest island), Bathurst Island, as well as nine smaller islands. The combined area of the Tiwi Islands is . As of the 2016 census, 2,453 people lived on the islands.

The Tiwi people are indigenous to the islands.

## References
## Other websites
*
Helium-3

**Helium-3** (**3He**) is a light, stable isotope of helium. It has two protons and one neutron. Helium-3 was discovered in 1939.

Helium-3 occurs as a primordial nuclide. It escapes from the Earth's crust into the atmosphere. It then escape into outer space over millions of years. Helium-3 is also thought to be a natural nucleogenic and cosmogenic nuclide. The amount of helium-3 is thought to be greater on the Moon than on Earth.

## References
Iga Świątek

**Iga Natalia Świątek** (born 31 May 2001) is a Polish professional tennis player. She has a career-high Women's Tennis Association (WTA) ranking of No. 1 in the world and has held the top spot for 125 weeks. Świątek is a six-time Grand Slam singles champion, winning the French Open in 2020, 2022, 2023, and 2024, the US Open in 2022, and Wimbledon in 2025. She also won the WTA Finals in 2023 and earned a bronze medal in singles at the Paris 2024 Olympic Games. 

With her French Open victory in 2020, she became the first Polish Grand Slam singles champion in history, the youngest singles champion at the tournament since Rafael Nadal in 2005, and the youngest women's singles champion since Monica Seles in 1992. She is regarded as one of the most dominant players of her era, having achieved a 37-match winning streak and completing the rare "Sunshine Double" (winning both Indian Wells and Miami Open in 2022).

Świątek was born in Warsaw. Her father, Tomasz, was an Olympic rower.

=References=
Soumitra Chatterjee

**Soumitra Chatterjee** (19 January 1935 &ndash; 15 November 2020) was an Indian actor, playwright, theatre director, painter and poet. He was born in Kolkata, West Bengal. His career began in 1959. 

Chatterjee was known for his roles in *Abhijan*, *Charulata*, *Aranyer Din Ratri*, *Ashani Sanket*, *Sonar Kella*, *Joi Baba Felunath*, *Ghare Baire*, *Shakha Proshakha*, *Ganashatru*, *Akash Kusum*, *Jhinder Bandi*, *Parineeta* and in *Ganadevata*.

On 12 October 2020, Chatterjee tested positive for COVID-19 and was hospitalized in Kolkata. He also had prostate cancer. Chatterjee died from the infection a month later on 15 November, aged 85.

## References
MLS Golden Boot

The **MLS Golden Boot** (currently the Audi Golden Boot for sponsorship reasons) has been awarded since the 2005 MLS season to the Major League Soccer regular–season leading scorer.  The award replaced the MLS Scoring Champion Award that was awarded since the league's creation in 1996.

## 1996–2004
Prior to 2005 MLS used a point system that awarded two points for a goal and one point for an assist to give the MLS Scoring Champion Award.

## 2005–present
Since 2005 Major League Soccer has awarded the MLS Golden Boot to the player who has scored the most goals outright, with ties being broken by assists.

## References
DreamWorks Classics

**Classic Media, LLC**, using the name **DreamWorks Classics**, is an American entertainment company. It is owned by DreamWorks Animation, which is a subsidiary of Universal Pictures through Comcast's NBCUniversal. It was founded as **Classic Media** in 2000 by Eric Ellenbogen and John Engelman. The studio's library is made up of  intellectual property catalogs and character brands it hs gotten from other companies. It also includes the licensing rights for some third-party properties. In 2012, DreamWorks Animation acquired Classic Media from its then-owner, Boomerang Media.

## References
Silver Surfer

The **Silver Surfer** is a Marvel Comics character created by Jack Kirby. He is an ally of the Fantastic Four and Herald of Galactus. His real name is **Norrin Radd**.

## In other media 
In *Fantastic Four: Rise of the Silver Surfer*, he was played by Doug Jones and his voice was done by Laurence Fishburne. Julia Garner portrays a female version of the character named Shalla-Bal in the 2025 movie *The Fantastic Four: First Steps*.
Supercoppa Italiana

The **Supercoppa Italiana** () is an annual football competition. It is usually held the week before the Serie A season begins in Italy, or more recently in other countries during the winter. It is contested by the winners and the seconds of the Serie A and the Coppa Italia in the previous season, as a curtain-raiser to the new season. If the same team wins both the Serie A and Coppa Italia titles in the previous season, the Supercoppa is contested by the third of Serie A, too (or the fourth when this isn't sufficient).
## History
Created in 1988, 18 of the first 21 Supercoppa Italiana contested were played at the home of the Serie A champions, the exceptions being in 1993 and 2003, when it was held in the United States cities of Washington, D.C., and East Rutherford, New Jersey, and in 2002 when the game was played in the Libyan capital Tripoli. Since 2009, the venues chosen have mostly been outside of Italy.

Of the 32 finals played to date, the venues have been as follows:
* 20 times at the home of the Serie A champion
* 4 times in China
* 4 times in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
* twice in the United States
* twice in Doha, Qatar
* twice at the Stadio Olimpico in Rome acting as a "neutral venue" (where it was not the home ground of the Serie A champion). 
* twice in Saudi Arabia
* once in Tripoli, Libya
* once at Stadio Mapei (Reggio Emilia) 

Since the game was first established, the Serie A scudetto and Coppa Italia have been won by the same team eight times, thus making the Coppa Italia runner-up the second participant in the subsequent Supercoppa. This occurred in the following years: 1995, 2015, 2016, 2017 and 2018 (Juventus), 2000 (Lazio), 2006 and 2010 (Internazionale).

In 2018, the Serie A entered into a contract with the General Sports Authority, under which Saudi Arabia will host three out of the next five Supercoppa events.

In 2023, changed the teams that play in this cup: not two but four.

## Winners
### Four-team format
## Performance by club
## Performance by representative 
## All-time top goalscorers
## References
## Other websites
* Supercoppa Italiana on RSSSF
Infimum and supremum

In mathematics, the **infimum** or **greatest lower bound** of a set *A*, written as \inf(A), is the  greatest element among all lower bounds of *A*. Similarly, the **supremum** or **least upper bound** of *A*, written as \sup(A), is the smallest element among all upper bounds of *A*.

For example, if *A* is the set \{ \tfrac{1}{1}, \tfrac{1}{2}, \tfrac{1}{3}, \ldots \}, then \inf(A) = 0 and \sup(A) = 1. Infimum and supremum are unique, if they exist. Infimum and supremum are key concepts in the field of mathematical analysis.

## Related pages 
* Maximum and minimum

## References
NBA 2K13

***NBA 2K13*** is a basketball video game developed by Visual Concepts and published by 2K Sports. It was released on September 19, 2012 for the Xbox 360, PlayStation Portable, PlayStation 3, Microsoft Windows, and Wii. A version for the Wii U was also released as a launch title in North America, and in December for the PAL region. It is the fourth and final game in the series for both the Wii and PlayStation Portable as well as the only game in the series for the Wii U. It is also the last *NBA 2K* game for a Nintendo console until *NBA 2K18* for the Nintendo Switch. Blake Griffin of the Los Angeles Clippers, Kevin Durant of the Oklahoma City Thunder, and Derrick Rose of the Chicago Bulls are the cover athletes, and they are all shown in dunking positions. As the fourteenth installment in the series, *NBA 2K13* is the successor to *NBA 2K12* and the predecessor to *NBA 2K14*.
World in My Corner

***World in My Corner*** is a 1956 American drama movie directed by Jesse Hibbs and starring Audie Murphy, Barbara Rush, Jeff Morrow, John McIntire, Tommy Rall, Howard St. John, Art Aragon, Jimmy Lennon. It was distributed by Universal Pictures.

## Other websites
* 
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Bernard S. Cohen

**Bernard S. Cohen** (January 17, 1934 – October 12, 2020) was an American civil liberties attorney and Democratic politician. He was a member of the Virginia House of Delegates between 1980 to 1996. He was born in New York City.

On April 10, 1967, he presented oral argument for the petitioners in *Loving v. Virginia* before the U. S. Supreme Court.  On June 12, 1967, the Supreme Court ruled in favor of Cohen's clients, declaring bans on interracial marriage unconstitutional.

Cohen died on October 12, 2020 in Fredericksburg, Virginia from problems caused by Parkinson's disease-related deaths, aged 86.

## References
Marcel Zadi Kessy

**Marcel Zadi Kessy** (1936 – 13 October 2020) was an Ivorian politician and businessman. He was born in Yacolidabouo, French West Africa. He was the President of the Economic and Social Council of Ivory Coast from May 2011 to June 2016. He was a founding member of the African Water Association, and was on the Board of Directors of the International Water Association.

Kessy died on 13 October 2020 at the age of 84.

## References
Ron Best

**Ronald Alexander Best** (3 October 1949 – 14 October 2020) was an Australian politician and Australian rules footballer. He was a National Party member of the Victorian Legislative Council from 1988 to 2002. He played for the Golden Square and Sandhurst. Best was born in Ivanhoe, Victoria.

Best died of pancreatic cancer on 14 October 2020 in Melbourne at the age of 71.

## References
László Mandur

**László Mandur** (February 2, 1958 – October 13, 2020) was a Hungarian photographer, politician and economist. He was one of the Deputy Speakers of the National Assembly of Hungary from May 15, 2002 to May 13, 2010. He was a member of the National Assembly of Hungary between May 15, 2002 and November 18, 2013.

Mandur was born in Csömör, Hungary. He was a member of the Hungarian Socialist Party. Mandur died on 13 October 2020 in Budapest, aged 62.

## References
Ken Rice (American football)

**Kenneth Earl Rice** (September 14, 1939 &ndash; October 14, 2020) was an American professional football player. He was an offensive tackle in the American Football League (AFL) for the Buffalo Bills, Oakland Raiders, and the Miami Dolphins. 

Rice played college football for the Auburn Tigers, where he was named a two-time All-American. He was born in Attapulgus, Georgia.

Rice died on October 14, 2020 in Canton, Georgia at the age of 81.

## References
Antonio Ángel Algora Hernando

**Antonio Ángel Algora Hernando** (2 October 1940 – 15 October 2020) was a Spanish prelate of the Catholic Church. He was bishop of Teruel and Albarracín from 1985 to 2003 and Ciudad Real from 2003 to 2016. He was born in La Vilueña, Spain.

Algora Hernando died on 15 October 2020 from COVID-19 in Madrid at the age of 80.

## References
Attapulgus, Georgia

**Attapulgus** is a city in Decatur County, Georgia, United States. As of the 2020 census, the city had a population of 454.

## References
National Assembly (Togo)

The **National Assembly** is the unicameral legislature of Togo. It has a total of 91 members who are elected in a party list proportional representation system. Members serve five-year terms. It was founded in April 1960.

## References
Fambaré Ouattara Natchaba

**Fambaré Ouattara Natchaba** (17 April 1945 &ndash; 15 October 2020) was a Togolese politician. He was the President of the National Assembly of Togo from September 2000 to February 2005. He was a member of the Rally of the Togolese People (RPT). From 1994 to 2007, he was a member of the National Assembly. From 1992 to 1994, he was Minister of Foreign Affairs.

Natchaba died on 15 October 2020 at the age of 75.

## References
Antonino Spirlì

**Antonino “Nino” Spirlì** (born 13 July 1961) is an Italian politician and journalist. He became the acting president of Calabria region following the death of Jole Santelli on 15 October 2020.

## References
End SARS

**End Special Anti-Robbery Squad** (**End SARS**) or **#EndSARS** is a social movement in Nigeria that started on Twitter. The movement asked the government to end the Special Anti-Robbery Squad (called SARS for short), which is part of the Nigerian Police Force. 

It supports ending police brutality and oppression in Nigeria. It started on social media campaign using the hashtag #ENDSARS to demand Nigeria's government stop using SARS on Nigerian people. The people were tired of being hurt by SARS officers. SARS kept hurting Nigerians and in 2020 there were very big protests. Many Nigerians came to the protests, but the government beat up and shot the protesters. On one day, the government killed about 30 protesters in Lagos. People all over the world started protesting too. Many people in the movement are now protesting not just SARS but the whole Nigerian government. 

## References
Input–output model

The different economic sectors of a country depend on each other. An **input-ouptut model** can be used to show these dependencies, or to show the dependencies between different regional economies. Wassily Leontief (1906–1999) is credited with developing this type of analysis and earned the Nobel Prize in Economics for his development of this model.

## References
Championship Auto Racing Teams

**Championship Auto Racing Teams** (**CART**)  was a sanctioning body for American open-wheel car racing that operated from 1979 to 2003. It started **PPG Indy Car World Series** in 1979 and ended after the 2003 season.

CART was founded in 1979 by United States Auto Club (USAC). CART drivers continued to compete at the USAC-sanctioned Indianapolis 500.

## References
Generalitat de Catalunya

The ***Generalitat de Catalunya*** (; in Spanish: *Generalidad de Cataluña*; in Aranese: *Generalitat de Catalonha*), or Government of Catalonia, is the Catalonia self-government system. It is formed by the Parliament of Catalonia, the Presidency of the Generalitat de Catalunya, and the Executive Council of Catalonia.

## References
Armando Herrera (basketball)

**Armando Herrera** (5 February 1936 &ndash; 14 October 2020) was a Mexican basketball player. He competed in the men's tournament at the 1960 Summer Olympics and the 1964 Summer Olympics. He was born in Chihuahua City, Mexico.

Herrera died on 14 October 2020 at the age of 84.

## References
Wissam Ben Yedder

**Wissam Yanis Ben Yedder** (born 12 August 1990) is a French professional footballer. He plays as a striker for Ligue 1 club AS Monaco and the France national team.

## Career statistics
### Club
### International
### International goals
 *France score listed first, score column indicates score after each Ben Yedder goal.*

## Honours
**Individual**
*UNFP Ligue 1 Player of the Month: December 2019
*Ligue 1 Top Goalscorer: 2019–20 (joint with Kylian Mbappé) 

## References
Sarah Levy

**Sarah Levy** (born September 10, 1986) is a Canadian actress. She was born in Toronto. She is best known for her role in ''Schitt's Creek* as Twyla Sands. She also had a small role in the movie *Larry Crowne'' (2011).

Levy is the daughter of actor Eugene Levy and Deborah Divine, and the sister of television personality Dan Levy.

## References
Ignasi Farreres Bochaca

**Ignasi Farreres Bochaca** (1 August 1939 &ndash; 11 October 2020) was a Spanish politician. He was a member of the United to Advance. Farreres Bochaca was a member of the Generalitat de Catalunya from 1988 to 1999. He was born in La Pobla de Segur, Spain.

Farreres Bochaca died on 11 October 2020 in Barcelona at the age of 81.

## References
1968 Democratic National Convention protests

during the 1968 Democratic National Convention]]
Protest activity against the Vietnam War took place before and during the 1968 Democratic National Convention in Chicago.

ISince1967, people of the counterculture and opponents of the Vietnam War had been promising to come to the city to ruin the convention. The city promised to maintain law and order. 

For eight days the protesters were met by the Chicago Police Department in Chiacgo's streets and parks while the Democratic Party met at the convention in the International Amphitheater. The protests became violent in what a major report later said was a "police riot" on the night of August 28, 1968.

## References
Erin Wall

**Erin Wall** (4 November 1975 – 8 October 2020) was a Canadian-American operatic soprano. She was born in Calgary, Alberta. In July 2002 she made her international debut in London with a performance in the *War Requiem* of Benjamin Britten. She spent most of her career with the Lyric Opera of Chicago. In April 2009, she started her career with Metropolitan Opera in New York as Donna Anna in *Don Giovanni*.

Wall died on 8 October 2020 from problems caused by breast cancer in Mississauga, Ontario at the age of 44.

## References
Luv (movie)

***Luv*** is a 1967 American romantic black comedy movie directed by Clive Donner and was based on the play of the same name by Murray Schisgal. It stars Jack Lemmon, Peter Falk, Elaine May, Nina Wayne, Eddie Mayehoff, Paul Hartman, Harrison Ford and was distributed by Columbia Pictures.

## Other websites
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River Truro

The Truro River is located in Truro, a city in southern Cornwall. It flows from two rivers named Kenwyn and Allen. The Truro River flows into the River Fal, where there is a lot of wildlife.  The river valleys surround the city on the north, east and west and open to the Truro River in the south. Flood defences have been constructed around the city (as there was a major flood there in 1988) including an emergency dam and a tidal barrier.

The Truro River has many shipwrecks in it.  This is because Truro's laws about who must remove damaged boats are different from other parts of the U.K.

## References
Vasco da Gama, Goa

**Vasco da Gama** (), often shortened to **Vasco**, is a city in the state of Goa on the west coast of India. It is named after the Portuguese explorer Vasco da Gama. It is the headquarters of the Mormugão taluka (subdistrict). The city lies on the western tip of the Mormugao peninsula, at the mouth of the Zuari River, about  from Panaji, Goa's capital, and about  from Dabolim Airport.

The city was founded in 1543 and remained in Portuguese hands until 1961, when it became part of India. The 1888 constructed Mormugao Port remains a busy shipping route in Asia. It is one of the major ports of independent India. The ship-building area of Goa Shipyard Limited that builds Navy and Coast Guard vessels was also built here in 1957 (during the Portuguese-era). Initially built around the city's harbour as the barge-repair yard *Estaleiros Navais de Goa,* the area has now expanded to include more related activities. The Indian Navy also has a presence in Mormugao, with its vast campuses, which include the naval base INS Hansa that shares control over the Dabolim Airport enclave.
## References
Gennadios (Zervos)

**Metropolitan Gennadios** (, ; secular name **Tsampikos Zervos**, ; July 8, 1937 &ndash; October 16, 2020) was a Greek-Italian Eastern Orthodox prelate. He was the metropolitan bishop of the Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of Italy, covering Italy, Malta, and San Marino between 1996 until his death. He was born in Rhodes, Kingdom of Italy.

Gennadios died on October 16, 2020 at the age of 83.

## References
News of the World

The ***News of the World*** was a weekly tabloid newspaper in the United Kingdom. It was published every Sunday. It was one of the most popular English language newspapers in the world when it stopped printing in 2011. It was first a broadsheet newspaper when it started in 1843. It was last owned by News International (a part of News Corporation) and was the sister newspaper of The Sun. From 2006, the newspaper was said to have hacked the phones of people in order to find news. The *News of the World* ended because of this on 7 July 2011. Many members of the *News of the World* were arrested by police for doing this.

A Sunday version of *The Sun* was started in the place of the *News of the World* on 26 February 2012. It was called *The Sun on Sunday*. Some workers from the *News of the World* worked for this new newspaper.

## References
## Other websites
Joshua N. Goldberg

**Joshua N. Goldberg** (May 30, 1925 – October 7, 2020) was an American physicist and educator. He was known for his research on general relativity. Goldberg was elected a Fellow of the American Physical Society in 1972.

Goldberg died in Syracuse, New York on October 7, 2020 at the age of 95.

## References
David Kabua

**David Kabua** (born May 26, 1951) is a Marshallese politician. He became President of the Marshall Islands in 2020. He is the son of the first president, Amata Kabua, and his wife Emlain Kabua.

## References
List of newspapers named Sun

***Sun*** or ***The Sun*** is the name of the following newspapers:

## Australia 
* *The Sun* (Sydney), a discontinued afternoon tabloid
* *The Sun News-Pictorial*, tabloid now merged into the *Herald Sun*

## Burma 
* *The Sun* (Rangoon)

## Canada 
:*Ordered by province*
* *Calgary Sun*, Alberta
* *Edmonton Sun*, Alberta
* *The Vancouver Sun*, British Columbia
* *Winnipeg Sun*, Manitoba
* *Brandon Sun*, Manitoba
* *Ottawa Sun*, Ontario
* *Toronto Sun*, Ontario

## Ceylon 
* *Sun* (Ceylon), a defunct Ceylonese newspaper

## Hong Kong 
* *The Sun* (Hong Kong), a defunct Chinese-language newspaper
* *The SUN* (Hong Kong), an English-language newspaper for Filipinos

## Hungary 
* *The Budapest Sun*

## Malaysia 
* *The Sun* (Malaysia)

## New Zealand
* *The Sun* (New Zealand)

## Nigeria 
* *The Sun* (Nigeria)

## United Kingdom 
* *The Sun* (United Kingdom), a current daily national tabloid
* *The Sun* (1792–1806), a defunct British newspaper 
* *The Sun* (1893–1906), a defunct British newspaper

## United States 
:*Ordered by state*
* *The San Bernardino Sun*, of California
* *Sonoma Valley Sun*, of California
* *The Gainesville Sun*, Florida
* *The Baltimore Sun*, Maryland
* *The Sun* (Lowell), Massachusetts
* *Las Vegas Sun*, Nevada
* *The New York Sun* (2002&ndash;2008)
* *The Sun* (New York) (1833&ndash;1950)
* Sun Newspapers, a chain of weekly newspapers in Ohio
* *The Sun* (Sheridan), Oregon
* *The Westerly Sun*, Rhode Island
* *Grand Saline Sun*, Texas
* *Sun*, merged with the *News-Advocate* in 1932 to form the *Sun Advocate*, Price, Utah
* *Kitsap Sun*, Washington
* *The Sun*, later called ''Peck's Sun*, a Wisconsin newspaper founded by George Wilbur Peck
* *Sun* (supermarket tabloid) (1983&ndash;2012)

## Related pages
* *Daily Sun* (newspaper)
* *The Sunday Sun* (disambiguation)
* *Chicago Sun-Times*, Illinois, United States
* *Herald Sun*, Melbourne, Australia
* *Sun Herald*, Biloxi, Mississippi 
* *Sun-Sentinel*, South Florida 
* *The Sun News*, a daily newspaper published in Myrtle Beach, South Carolina
* *The Sun News-Pictorial*, Melbourne, Australia
* *Die Son'' (English: "The Sun"), a daily Afrikaans-language tabloid
* Le Soleil (French for "The Sun"), a list of newspapers
News of the World (disambiguation)

***News of the World*** was a British tabloid newspaper. It may also mean

## Arts and entertainment
**News of the World* (album), an album by Queen
**News of the World Tour, a tour by Queen
**News of the World* (movie), a 2020 movie
**News of the World* (novel), a 2016 novel by Paulette Jiles
*"News of the World" (song), a song by The Jam

## Sports
*News of the World Match Play, a golf tournament
*News of the World Snooker Tournament, a snooker tournament
*News of the World Darts Championship, a darts competition
*1964 News of the World Trophy, a motor race
One from the Heart

***One from the Heart*** is a 1982 American romantic musical movie directed by Francis Ford Coppola and stars Frederic Forrest, Teri Garr, Raul Julia, Lainie Kazan, Nastassja Kinski, Harry Dean Stanton, Allen Garfield, Rebecca de Mornay. It was distributed by Columbia Pictures and was nominated for an Academy Award in 1983.

## Other websites
* 
* 
*
Aurora Quezon

**Aurora Antonia Quezon** (née **de Aragon y Molina**; February 19, 1888 – April 28, 1949) was the wife of Philippine President Manuel Luis Quezon and the First Lady of the Philippines from 1935 to 1944.
Ed Benguiat

**Ed Benguiat** (; born **Ephram Edward Benguiat**, October 27, 1927 &ndash; October 15, 2020) was an American typographer and lettering artist. He created over 600 typeface designs including Tiffany, Bookman, Panache, Souvenir, Edwardian Script, and the eponymous Benguiat and Benguiat Gothic. He was born in New York City.

Benguiat died on October 15, 2020 at his home in Cliffside Park, New Jersey at the age of 92.

## References
Sonja Edström

**Sonja Viola Edström-Ruthström** (*Edström* before 1960, 18 November 1930 – 15 October 2020>) was a Swedish cross-country skier. She competed at the 1952, 1956 and 1960 Olympics in the 10&nbsp;km and 3 × 5&nbsp;km relay events. She won bronze medals in both in 1956 and a gold medal in 1960. She was born in Luleå, Sweden.

Edström died on 15 October 2020 at the age of 89.

## References
Alfons Verplaetse

**Alfons "Fons" Remi Emiel Viscount Verplaetse** (19 February 1930 – 15 October 2020) was a Belgian economist. He was Governor of the National Bank of Belgium (NBB) from 1989 until 1999. He was one of the main people that helped the creation Belgian Frank in 1982. He worked at the cabinet of Wilfried Martens. Verplaetse was born in Zulte, Belgium.

Verplaetse died of COVID-19 on 15 October 2020 in Brussels, aged 90.

## References