open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Tanganyika (territory)

**Tanganyika** was a territory in Africa, administered by Great Britain from 1916 to 1961. The territory was roughly equivalent to the part of modern-day Tanzania, which is on the African continent, without the islands of Zanzibar and Pemba, but with the Island of Mafia. 

Before 1916, it was part of German East Africa. German East Africa included other territories as well. The territory was named after Lake Tanganyika, on its eastern border. In 1961, Tanzania became independent, with the islands of Zanzibar and Pemba, as well. 

Tanganyika was placed under a League of Nations mandate after World War I and later became a United Nations trust territory under British administration. The mandate required Britain to administer the region for the benefit of its inhabitants and to prepare it for eventual self-rule. 

Economically, Tanganyika was largely agricultural, with exports such as sisal, coffee, and cotton playing a major role. The British also invested in infrastructure, including railways and ports, to facilitate trade. Despite these developments, much of the indigenous population worked under challenging conditions, and political participation was limited until the mid-20th century.

Nationalist movements began to grow after World War II, led primarily by the Tanganyika African National Union (TANU) under Julius Nyerere. TANU pushed for independence through peaceful political campaigns rather than armed struggle. Their efforts gained momentum in the 1950s, leading Britain to gradually introduce reforms toward self-government.

On 9 December 1961, Tanganyika achieved independence, becoming the first East African territory to do so under majority African leadership. Julius Nyerere became the country’s first prime minister and later its first president. In 1964, Tanganyika united with the islands of Zanzibar and Pemba to form the United Republic of Tanzania, marking the birth of the modern nation.

## Related pages 
* Tanganyika
Jesse Lingard

**Jesse Ellis Lingard** (born 15 December 1992) is an English professional footballer who plays as an attacking midfielder or winger. He currently plays for FC Seoul of K League 1. He has won the UEFA Europa League, FA Cup, FA Community Shield, and EFL Cup, being one of only three players to score in all of the latter three finals.

## Career statistics
### Club
### International
:*England score listed first, score column indicates score after each Lingard goal*

**Manchester United**
*FA Cup: 2015–16
*EFL Cup: 2016–17
*FA Community Shield: 2016
*UEFA Europa League: 2016–17

**England**
*UEFA Nations League third place: 2018–19

**Individual**
*Premier League Player of the Month: April 2021
*Premier League Goal of the Month: April 2021

## References
Constitutional law

**Constitutional law** is an area of public law that shows how the institutions of a country are organised, and the basic rights of citizens. In most countries, such as the United States, this is found in a written text called a constitution. Some countries use a lot of different texts and unwritten rules instead, such as the United Kingdom.

## State structure
Constitutional law explains how different institutions relate to each other. For example, the relationship between the legislature, executive, and judiciary. In a federal country, constitutional law explains what the powers of the central government and state governments are.

## Human rights
Constitutional law shows citizens what rights they have. Some examples are the United States Bill of Rights, or the European Convention on Human Rights.

## Related pages
*Constitution
*Constitution of the United States
*Constitutionalism
*Political science
Aptivate

**Aptivate** is an NGO and not-for-profit organisation based in the United Kingdom. 

Aptivate combines good ideas from the commercial software businesses and international development organizations.
It makes ICT services to improve communication for communities that do not have good access to the Internet.

Aptivate made the open source website service called *Loband*. The company started on 1 December 2002 with the name *Aidworld*. It changed its name to Aptivate in December 2006.

Aptivate is a member of the Humanitarian Centre.

## Loband
Loband was developed in 2004. Loband simplifies web pages so they download faster over slow Internet connections. This is very useful in poor countries. Loband was originally named *Aidbase*.

## History 
Aptivate was called Aidworld. It was founded in 2002. Two aid workers in Nepal started the company. They were working for the  United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. They had experienced communications problems in developing countries. They tried to find a way to improve communications. They worked with some friends who had technical knowledge. They founded Aidworld. They started by supporting the humanitarian aid sector.

In 2006, Aidworld changed its name to Aptivate. Since then, Aptivate has been working with other non-profits, charities, NGOs, facilitators and trainers, web/software developers and technical consultants. 

2004
* Awarded £75,000 DTI SMART Award.
* Loband (then called Aidbase) pilot project in Kenya.
2005
* Loband version 2.
* The email service (later rebranded as Enclusion) launches at the World Summit on the Information Society in Tunisia.
2006
* Published guidelines for websites that are better for low bandwidth users.
* Aidworld renamed Aptivate.
2007
* Network for Information and Digital Access (NIDA) website started.
* INASP-backed web design guidelines produced.
* Interface project for UNFAO and WHO's research access programmes started.

## References
## Other websites 
*Official website
*ictupdate
*ITU partners
*Bridging the Global Digital Divide
Liverpool Playhouse

The **Liverpool Playhouse** is a theatre in Williamson Square in Liverpool, England.    

The theatre started in 1866 as a music hall. 

In 1911, it became a repertory theatre that nurtured the early careers of many actors and actresses. some of whom went on to achieve national and international reputations. 

Architectural changes have been made to the building over the years, he latest of which in 1968. A modern-style extension was added to the north of the theatre.  

In 1999 a trust was formed, which joined the management of the theatre with that of the Everyman Theatre.

## History
In 1866, the present theatre opened as the Star Music Hall. It was designed by Edward Davies and replaced the earlier Star Concert Hall. 

In 1895, its name was changed to the Star Theatre of Varieties.  

In 1898, it was improved by Harry Percival with a new auditorium and foyer. Electricity was installed. 
The auditorium and the basement foyer were redesigned by Stanley Adshead. He was the Professor of Civic Design at the Liverpool School of Architecture. 
The theatre was for many years managed by Maud Carpenter and was renamed the Liverpool Repertory Theatre. It is managed jointly with the Everyman Theatre by Liverpool City Council.

## Artistes
As a repertory company, the theatre has been involved in the careers of actors and actresses, who often later achieved wide fame. Noël Coward and Gertrude Lawrence worked with the company as child actors. Other artistes who gained experience at the theatre are Robert Donat, Lilian Braithwaite, Cecil Parker, John Gregson, Clive Brook, C. Aubrey Smith, Richard Burton, Michael Redgrave, Diana Wynyard, Rex Harrison, Patricia Routledge, Anthony Hopkins and Richard Briers.

### Newer section
The newer section is constructed in concrete. It is mostly faced by glass. 

On the ground floor are entrance doors. 

In the *Buildings of England* series, the architectural historians Richard Pollard and Nikolaus Pevsner call the newer section as "a spectacular composition which creates an atmosphere of excitement and anticipation, exactly right for a theatre foyer".

## References
## Other websites
*Official website of the Playhouse and Everyman theatres
The Broker's Man

'''''The Broker's Man '''* is a BBC British television drama series.

Jimmy Griffin is an ex-detective. He uses his skills as a fraud investigator for an insurance company.

*The Broker's Man'' was produced by Bentley Productions for BBC One.

It starred Kevin Whately as Jimmy Griffin.

It ran for two series from 17 June 1997 to 27 August 1998.

It was filmed in the years between Whately's role as Inspector Lewis in the two TV series, *Inspector Morse* and *Lewis*.

The complete series of ''The Broker's Man'' was released on DVD by Acorn Media UK on 4 February 2008.

## Cast
* Kevin Whately as James 'Jimmy' Griffin
* Annette Ekblom as Sally Griffin
* Danny Worters as Dominic Griffin
* Holly Davidson as Jodie Griffin
* Al Hunter Ashton as Vinnie Stanley
* Jill Baker as Claudette Monro-Foster
* Sarah-Jane Potts/Charlotte Bellamy as Harriet Potter
* Michelle Fairley as Gabby Rodwell
* Trevor Byfield as Frank Mortimer
* Peter Firth/John McEnery as Alex 'Godzilla' Turnbull
* Grant Masters as William Addison

## Episode list
### Series 1 (1997)
### Series 2 (1998)
## References
## Other websites 
* 
*
VSCO

**VSCO** (pronounced vis-ko), formerly known as VSCO Cam, is a photography application for smartphones. It was developed by Joel Flory and Greg Lutze in 2011.

## References
Samsung Galaxy S10

The **Samsung Galaxy S10**, **Samsung Galaxy S10+**, **Samsung Galaxy S10 5G**, **Samsung Galaxy S10e** and **Samsung Galaxy S10 lite** are smartphones made and developed by Samsung. They were announced at an Galaxy unpacked event on February 20, 2019. They were released on March 8, 2019 for Samsung Galaxy S10e, Samsung Galaxy S10 and Samsung Galaxy S10+. It was released on April 5, 2019 for Samsung Galaxy S10 5G. 

It has three sister models, the Samsung Galaxy S10e, the Samsung Galaxy S10+ and the Samsung Galaxy S10 5G. The Samsung Galaxy S10 5G is the first smartphone to have 5G.

The Samsung Galaxy S10 became the first Samsung smartphone to have a Qualcomm in-screen ultrasonic fingerprint sensor.

## Features 
### Software 
The Samsung Galaxy S10 series runs One UI 1 with Android 9 Pie for the first time, they can upgrades to the other versions like Android 10, Android 11 and Android 12 when they came out. Samsung Galaxy S10 lite also runs One UI 2 with Android 10 for the first time, it can upgrade to the other versions like Android 11, Android 12 and Android 13 when they came out. 
### Hardware 
Samsung Galaxy S10e has a 5.8 inch Dynamic AMOLED display, Samsung Galaxy S10 has a 6.1 inch Dynamic AMOLED display, Samsung Galaxy S10+ has a 6.4 inch Dynamic AMOLED display. Samsung Galaxy S10 5G has a 6.7 inch Dynamic AMOLED display. The Samsung Galaxy S10e has a 3100mAh battery capacity, Samsung Galaxy S10 has a 3400mAh battery capacity, Samsung Galaxy S10+ has a 4100mAh battery capacity and Samsung Galaxy S10 5G has a 4500mAh battery capacity. Samsung Galaxy S10e, Galaxy S10, Galaxy S10+ and Galaxy S10 lite has a 4G network. The Samsung Galaxy S10 5G has a 5G network.

## Problems 
The people using an Samsung Galaxy S10 say it keeps restarting and does not work after One UI 6.1 updates cases by SmartThings framework updates, The other older samsung phones such as Samsung Galaxy Note 10, Samsung Galaxy M51 and Samsung Galaxy A90 cannot start operating system and keeps restarting after updating an One UI 6.1.

## Reviews 
Wired reviewed the Samsung Galaxy S10, it has good reviews like very beautiful screen design, ultrasonic fingerprint sensors, wireless charging with power sharing and headphone jack. It has bad reviews like wireless power sharing is slower, it can be hard to find what they want in the settings menus and camera is very good but still cannot beat the Pixel 3's night camera. The overall rating is 9/10.

## Related pages 
*Samsung Galaxy S series

## References 
## Other websites 
*Official Websites
Thomas Pelham-Holles, 1st Duke of Newcastle

**Thomas Pelham-Holles**  (21 July 1693 – 17 November 1768) was 1st Duke of Newcastle upon Tyne and 1st Duke of Newcastle-under-Lyme. He was a British Whig statesman, and the third Prime Minister. He was Prime Minister for two separate terms. He is commonly known as the **Duke of Newcastle**.

His official life extended throughout the Whig supremacy of the 18th century.
He was a protégé of Sir Robert Walpole, and served under him for more than 20 years until 1742. He held power with his brother, Prime Minister Henry Pelham, until 1754. By then he had served as a Secretary of State continuously for 30 years and dominated British foreign policy.

After Henry's death, the Duke of Newcastle was prime minister for six years in two separate periods. His first premiership (17541756) was not particularly notable: Newcastle partly caused the Seven Years' War, and his weak diplomacy cost him the premiership. After his second term (17571762), he served briefly in Lord Rockingham's ministry, before he retired from government. He was most effective as a deputy to a leader of greater ability, such as Walpole, his brother, or William Pitt the Elder.

## References
Maracon

**Maracon** is a municipality in Lavaux-Oron in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. On 1 January 2003, the former municipality La Rogivue became part of the municipality called Maracon.

## References 
## Other websites
Wing coupling

'', a hawk-moth.]]

**Wing coupling** is common in some four-winged insects such as moths. It makes them "functionally dipterous". They are effectively two-winged. The advantage is more efficient flight. 

In many moths the wing coupling is done by a tiny hook going round a tiny spur. In butterflies and some moths the wing coupling is got by wing overlap, rather than hooks.

Sphingid moths have been much studied for their flying ability, especially their ability to move rapidly from side to side while hovering, called "swing-hovering" or "side-slipping". This is thought to have evolved to deal with ambush predators that lie in wait in flowers.

## References
Andijan Region

Andijan Region is a region in Uzbekistan. It is in the far-right part of Uzbekistan. It touches the Namangan Region, the Fergana Region and the country Kyrgyzstan. The region is in the lower part of the Fergana Valley. There are about 3,000,000 people living in the Andijan Region which means there are more people living in Andijan Region for every square kilometer than any other region in Uzbekistan. The capital of the Andijan Region is Andijan. The Andijan Region makes up about 1% of all the land area in Uzbekistan. Uzbekistan was controlled by the Soviet Union from 1924 to 1991. Religion was made illegal and mosques were closed by the Soviet Union. Regardless, the people are mostly Islamic today.
 
The Andijan Region has 14 administrative districts, 11 cities and 95 villages. The region's hokim is Shuhratbek Abdurahmonov. The people of the Andijan Reigon speak Uzbek.

In 1902 an earthquake in Andijan killed more than 4000 people. Asaka is the capital of the Asaka District in the Andijan Region.

## 2005 Massacre
On 13 May 2005, the Uzbek military shot into a large crowd of protestors at the Navoi Square in the city of Andijan. Around 187-700+ people were killed. The people were protesting against the president, Islam Karimov. The military was ordered to shoot the people by Karimov.

## References
Jeanine Áñez

**Jeanine Áñez Chávez** (born 13 August 1967) is a Bolivian lawyer. She was the 66th President of Bolivia from 11 November 2019 to 8 November 2020. She became president following the resignation of President Evo Morales.  She was a Senator, representing Beni. She is the second female President of Bolivia.

## Presidency
During this political crisis, and after the resignation of President Evo Morales and other officials in the line of succession, Áñez declared herself next in line to assume the presidency. Áñez declared herself president of the Senate, then used that position to become president, a move that was legally supported. 

Áñez issued a decree removing criminal liability for military and police in dealing with protesters. She oversaw the Senkata and Sacaba massacres. Her government launched numerous criminal investigations into former MAS officials, for which she was accused of political persecution. She ended Bolivia's close links with the governments of Cuba, Nicaragua, and Venezuela, while bettering relations with the United States. 

After delays due to the COVID-19 pandemic and protests, new elections were held in October 2020. Áñez launched her own presidential campaign, with criticism saying that she was not neutral. She withdrew her candidacy a month before the election after low poll numbers.

## Arrest
In the early hours of 13 March 2021, Áñez was arrested on charges of terrorism, sedition and conspiracy over her actions during the 2019 coup of Evo Morales. In June 2022, she was sentenced to ten years in prison for her role in the 2019 political crisis.

## References
## Other websites
* Jeanine Añez Chávez
Bitburg

**Bitburg** (; ; ) is a city in Germany, in the state of Rhineland-Palatinate approximately  northwest of Trier and  northeast of Luxembourg city. 

The American Spangdahlem Air Base is nearby.

## References
## Other websites
* The Eighties Club: Bitburg
Bitburg controversy

The **Bitburg controversy** involved a ceremonial visit by U.S. President Ronald Reagan to a German military cemetery in Bitburg, a town in extreme western Germany near the border with Luxembourg, in May 1985, designed to celebrate the end of World War II in Europe 40 years earlier. 

The visit caused some controversy, both in the United States and around the world, when it became known that members of the Waffen-SS, the military arm of Nazi Germany's SS (*Schutzstaffel*), were also buried there. The entire SS was judged to be a criminal organisation at the Nuremberg trials. The fact that Reagan had not been scheduled to visit former Nazi concentration-camp sites compounded the controversy, and a trip to Bergen-Belsen concentration camp was later added to his itinerary.

On Sunday 5 May, Reagan and Kohl appeared at the Bergen-Belsen concentration camp. The U.S. President's speech there, according to *Time*, was a "skillful exercise in both the art of eulogy and political damage control." Reagan said:

All these children of God, under bleak and lifeless mounds, the plainness of which does not even hint at the unspeakable acts that created them. Here they lie, never to hope, never to pray, never to live, never to heal, never to laugh, never to cry.... And then, rising above all this cruelty, out of this tragic and nightmarish time, beyond the anguish, the pain and suffering, and for all time, we can and must pledge: never again.

Reagan responded about the controversy: "This visit has stirred many emotions in the American and German people too. Some old wounds have been reopened, and this I regret very much, because this should be a time of healing."

## References
Meganisoptera

The **Meganisoptera** were the giant dragonflies from the Palaeozoic era. They lived in the Pennsylvanian (late Carboniferous) epoch to the late Permian period. The group used to be called **Protodonata**.

The largest of these dragonflies was *Meganeuropsis* from the early Permian. It had a wingspan of 28 inches (71 cm). Not all this group had giant size, but they were all larger than modern dragonflies.

The modern classification is as follows:

*superorder **Odonaptera**
**Order Meganisoptera
**Order Odonata
Phillip E. Johnson

**Phillip E. Johnson** (June 18, 1940 – November 2, 2019) was an American writer and law professor. He was the UC Berkeley law professor and co-founder of the pseudo-scientific intelligent design movement. He was an author of the "Wedge strategy" and co-founder of the Discovery Institute's Center for Science and Culture (CSC) . 

He said of himself "the father of the intelligent design movement". 

Johnson died on November 2, 2019 at his Berkeley, California home at the age of 79.

## References
Shoji Sadao

**Shoji Sadao** (贞夫翔二, December 20, 1926 – November 2, 2019) was a Japanese American architect. He was best known for his work with R. Buckminster Fuller and Isamu Noguchi. During World War II he was stationed in Germany and was a cartographer for the United States Army. In 1964 Sadao co-founded the architectural firm Fuller & Sadao Inc., whose first project was to design the large geodesic dome for the U.S. Pavilion at Expo 67 in Montreal. He was born in Los Angeles, California.

Sadao died on November 3, 2019 in Tokyo from heart and kidney failure, aged 92.

## References
SKEMA Business School

.]]
**SKEMA Business School** is a European higher studies establishment. The school is in 7 places, in Suresnes, in Lille, in Belo Horizonte, in Sophia Antipolis, in Raleigh, in Suzhou and in Cape Town. It has been created in 2009 and therefore presents itself as *"At Home Worldwide"*.

SKEMA is specialist in the fields of economics, social sciences and management.

## References
## Further reading 
* SKEMA website
Kim Tae-hyung

**Kim Tae-hyung** () may refer to:

* Kim Tae-hyung, birth name of V
* Kim Tae-hyung (born 1992), birth name of J.Seph of South Korean co-ed group Kard
* Kim Tae-hyoung (born 1967), South Korean baseball player
* Kim Tae-hyung (footballer) (born 1989), South Korean footballer
BTS (disambiguation)

**BTS** may refer to:

## Arts and media
* BTS, also known as the Bangtan Boys, a South Korean boy band
* BTS, a nickname for *Beyond the Supernatural*, a roleplaying game
* BTS, an abbreviation for *Between the Species*, a philosophy journal
* BTS, an abbreviation for Beneath the Sky, an American metalcore band
* BTS, an abbreviation for Built to Spill, an American indie rock band

## Organizations
* BTS Group, a global consulting firm headquartered in Stockholm, Sweden
* BTS Group Holdings, a public company in Thailand
* Baptist Theological Seminary, in Kakinada, India
* Biomedical Tissue Services, a defunct human tissue recovery firm
* Breaking the Silence (non-governmental organization), established in 2004 by veterans of the Israel Defense Forces 
* British Thoracic Society, a charity for respiratory and associated disorders
* British Toxicology Society, headquartered in Staffordshire
* British Transplant Society,  a non-profit professional body related to organ transplantation in the United Kingdom
* British Tunnelling Society, a learned society of the Institution of Civil Engineers
* Broadcast Television Systems Inc., a video company
* Bureau of Transportation Statistics, part of the United States Department of Transportation

## Technology
* Base transceiver station, a telecommunication base station
* Build to stock, a build-ahead production approach
* Branch Trace Store, of Intel processors

## Transportation
* Bandar Tasik Selatan station, a rail interchange station in Kuala Lumpur
* BTS Skytrain, elevated rapid transit system in Bangkok
* Bratislava Airport (IATA code), Slovakia

## Education
* Berlin Graduate School for Transnational Studies, a scientific cooperative project between the Free University Berlin, the Hertie School of Governance, and the Social Science Research Center Berlin
* Brevet de technicien supérieur, a technician certificate diploma in France
Rivaz

**Rivaz** is a municipality in Lavaux-Oron in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. It is the smallest municipality by area in Switzerland.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Official website
Robert Fulton

**Robert Fulton** (November 14, 1765 – February 25, 1815) was an American engineer and inventor who invented the steamboat. Fulton county (county in the state of Georgia) was named after him.
Michael Hanack

**Georg Michael Hanack** (22 October 1931 – 6 November 2019) was a German chemist. He was a Professor emeritus of Chemistry at the University of Tübingen (Germany). Hanack was born in Luckenwalde, Germany. He was best known for his works on  vinyl cations and phthalocyanines. He retired in 2001.

## References
## Other websites
* Homepage Working Group of Professor Hanack
Leo Klejn

**Lev Samuilovich Kleyn** (; 1 July 1927 – 7 November 2019), better known in English as **Leo Klejn**, was a Russian archaeologist, anthropologist, and philologist. He was born in Vitebsk, Belarus. Klejn's first printed work was published in 1955; his first monograph in 1978.

## Further reading
# Lebedev G. S. 1998. K 70-letyu Lva Samoylovicha Klejna. – Archeologiya Peterburga, II (1997): 5 – 9.
# Lebedev G. S. 1999. Varangica Problemnogo seminara L. S. Klejna. Tridcat’ let dvizheniya k Neizvestnomu gorodu na puti iz Varyag v Greki. – Stratum plus, 5: 102 – 111.
# Arpkheolog: detektiv i myslitel’. Sbornik statey, posvyashchenny 77-letiyu L’va Samuilovicha Klejna. Sanct-Peterburg, izdatel’stvo Sanct-Peterburgskogo unuversiteta, 2004.
# Lebedev G. S. 2004. L. S. Klejn i Peterburgskaya shkola rossiyskoy arkheologii. – Arkheolog: detektiv i myslitel’: 29 – 42.
# Kirsanov B. 2007. Lev Klejn: ne gey, no muzhchina. – Kirsanov B. Plus 31. Russkie gei, lesbianki, biseksually i transseksually. Moskva, Kvir: 66 – 73.
# Mosionzhnik L. 2008. Bol’shoy Klejn. – Public, June: 106 – 111.
# Rajakylä Maija. 2009. Neuvostoarkeologiasta ja toisinajattelijasta - Lev S. Klejnista. – Muinaistutkija, 3: 46 - 56 (abstr.: Om sovjetarkeologin och oliktänkaren - Lev S. Klejn).
# Slaviano-varyazhskiy seminar. Vospominaniya uchasnikov i izbrannaya bibliografiya. – L. S. Klejn. Spor o varyagakh: Istoriya protivostoyaniya i argumenty storon. Sankt-Peterburg, Evraziya, 2009: 271 – 342.
# 

## References
## Other websites
* Official site
Young Adult Library Services Association

The **Young Adult Library Services Association** (**YALSA**), started in 1957. It is part of the American Library Association. YALSA is a national association of librarians, library workers and people who support libraries. They want to make libraries larger and better help teens. YALSA gives several awards and supports an Young Adult Literature Symposium each year. They also do Teen Read Week, the third week of each October, and Teen Tech Week, the second week of each March. YALSA has over 5,200 members.

## Awards
* **The Alex Awards** were named for twentieth-century American librarian Margaret "Alex" Edwards.  They are given each year to ten books written for adults that are also very good for to young adults.  The Alex Awards were first given in 1998.
* **The Edwards Award** was named for twentieth-century American librarian Margaret A. Edwards.  The Edwards Award was first given in 1988.
* **The Morris Award** was named for twentieth-century American publisher William C. Morris.  It is given each year to a first book published by a first-time author writing for teens and celebrating impressive new voices in young adult literature.  The Morris Award was first given in 2009.
* **The Odyssey Award** was named in honor of the Homer's eighth century BC epic poem to remind us of the ancient roots of storytelling, while living in our modern world.  The Odyssey Award, awarded to the best audio book production for young adults, is jointly given and administered by YALSA and the Association for Library Service to Children (ALSC), another division of the ALA. It is sponsored by Booklist magazine, a publication of the ALA.  The Odyssey Award was first given in 2008.
* **The Printz Award** was named for twentieth-century American librarian Michael L. Printz. It is sponsored by Booklist magazine, a publication of the ALA. It is given each year to the book that shows the best literary excellence in young adult literature. The Printz Award was first given in 2000
* **The YALSA Award for Excellence in Nonfiction** for Young Adults &ndash; This award honors the best nonfiction book published for young adults (ages 12–18) during the previous publishing year.  The award was first given in 2010.

## References
## Other websites
*YALSA home page
Ivan Maksimović

'''Ivan 'Ivica' Maksimović''' (August 12, 1962 – November 7, 2019) was a Serbian rock, Balkan ethnic, folk and pop guitarist. He played in the Yugoslavian heavy metal band Metro, pop-folk band 'Ljute papričice' and was a member of The No Smoking Orchestra.

Maksimović died on November 7, 2019.

## References
Heinz Höher

**Heinz Höher** (11 August 1938 – 7 November 2019) was a German footballer and manager. He played for Bayer 04 Leverkusen, Meidericher SV, FC Twente and VfL Bochum. He coached Schwarz-Weiß Essen, VfL Bochum, MSV Duisburg, Fortuna Düsseldorf, Ethnikos Piraeus F.C., PAOK, Olympiacos and 1. FC Nürnberg.

## References
Governor-General of Jamaica

The **governor-general of Jamaica** represents the King of Jamaica, Charles III.

## List of governors-general of Jamaica
## References
## Other websites
* Governor-General of Jamaica  - *Official website*
Lucette Destouches

**Lucette Destouches** (20 July 1912 – 8 November 2019) was a French dancer. 

She was married to the writer Louis-Ferdinand Céline until his death in 1961. In his novels, she inspired the character Lili. The character appeared in *Castle to Castle*, *North*, and *Rigadoon*.

Destouches began to teach classical dance. She taught courses with Judith Magre, Françoise Gallimard, Isabelle Gallimard, Ludmilla Tchérina, and members of 2Be3 during their early careers.

Destouches died on 8 November 2019 at her home in Meudon. She was 107.

## References
Fred Bongusto

**Alfredo Bongusto** (6 April 1935 – 8 November 2019), known by his stage name **Fred Bongusto**, was an Italian light music singer-songwriter and composer. He was very popular in the 1960s and 1970s.

He composed the soundtracks of more than 30 movies, such as *Day After Tomorrow* (1968), *Un Detective* (1969), *The Divorce* (1970), *Come Have Coffee with Us* (1970), *The Eroticist* (1972), *Gli ordini sono ordini* (1972), *Malizia* (1973), *Lovers and Other Relatives* (1974), *Le farò da padre* (1974), ''Conviene far bene l'amore* (1975), *Al piacere di rivederla* (1976), *Oh, Serafina!* (1976), *Fantozzi contro tutti* (1980), *Fracchia la belva umana* (1981) and *Superfantozzi'' (1986). 

Bongusto died in Rome on 8 November, 2019. He was 84.

## References
## Other websites
* 
*
Edwin Bramall

Field Marshal **Edwin Noel Westby Bramall, Baron Bramall**,  (18 December 1923 – 12 November 2019) was a senior British Army officer. 

Bramall was Chief of the General Staff, the professional head of the British Army, between 1979 and 1982, and as Chief of the Defence Staff, professional head of the British Armed Forces, from 1982 to 1985.

On 25 April 2013 Bramall retired from service in the House of Lords. Bramall died at the age of 95 on 12 November 2019.

## References
Azerbaijan Grand Prix

The **Azerbaijan Grand Prix** () is a Formula One motor race that was held for the first time in . It is held on the Baku City Circuit, a street circuit in Baku, the capital of Azerbaijan.

## Winners
### Repeat winners (constructors)
*Teams **in bold** are competing in the Formula One championship in the current season.*

### Repeat winners (engine manufacturers)
*Manufacturers **in bold** are competing in the Formula One championship in the current season.*

### By year
## References
Salp

A **salp**  is a barrel-shaped, planktic tunicate. 

Salps moves by contracting. This pumps water through their gelatinous bodies. It is one of the most efficient examples of jet propulsion in the animal kingdom. 

The salp pumps water through its internal feeding filters and feeds on phytoplankton.

Salps are common in all seas. The most salps are in the Southern Ocean (near Antarctica), where they may form enormous swarms, often in deep water. They are sometimes even more abundant than krill.

Although salps look similar to jellyfish with their simple body form and behaviour, in fact they are chordates. This means they are animals with a dorsal nerve cord. They are related to vertebrates, animals with backbones.

## References
Maria Perego

**Maria Perego** (8 December 1923 – 7 November 2019) was an Italian animation artist. She was known as the creator of the character Topo Gigio in 1959 with her husband Federico Caldura. She was born in Venice.

Perego died on 7 November 2019 in Milan at the age of 95.

## References
Admire, Kansas

**Admire** is a city in Lyon County, Kansas, United States. In 2020, 130 people lived there. It was named after one of its creators, Jacob Admire.

The first post office in Admire was created in November 1886.

Admire was a station and shipping point on the Missouri Pacific Railroad. By the mid 1990s, rail service in Admire had been ended, and the tracks are now being used as a rail trail.

## Geography
Admire is at  (38.640995, -96.102009). The United States Census Bureau says that the city has a total area of . All of it is land.

## People
Admire is part of the Emporia Micropolitan Statistical Area.

### 2020 census
The 2020 census says that there were 130 people, 48 households, and 38 families living in Admire. Of the households, 83.3% owned their home and 16.7% rented their home.

The median age was 39.5. Of the people, 95.4% were White and 3.1% were Native American. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 10.8% of the people.

### 2010 census
The 2010 census says that there were 156 people, 60 households, and 43 families living in Admire.

## References
## Other websites
;City
* City of Admire 
* Admire - Directory of Public Officials
;Schools
* USD 251, local school district
;Maps
* Admire City Map, KDOT
Isabel, Kansas

**Isabel** is a city in Barber County, Kansas, United States. In 2020, 68 people lived there. Isabel was named after the daughter of a surveyor.

## Geography
Isabel is at  (37.467151, -98.551517). The United States Census Bureau says that the city has a total area of . All of it is land.

## People
### 2020 census
The 2020 census says that there were 68 people, 23 households, and 17 families living in Isabel. All of the households owned their home.

The median age was 49.0 years. Of the people, 91.2% were White, 2.9% were from some other race, and 5.9% were two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.5% of the people.

### 2010 census
The 2010 census says that there were 90 people, 40 households, and 23 families living in Isabel.

## References
## Other websites
;City
* Isabel - Directory of Public Officials
;Schools
* USD 254, local school district
;Historical
* Isabel, Barber County, Kansas Barber County, Kansas: History and Genealogy
* Isabel Cemetery, Barber County, Kansas Barber County, Kansas: History and Genealogy
;Maps
* Isabel City Map , KDOT
Agenda, Kansas

**Agenda** is a city in Republic County, Kansas, United States. In 2020, 47 people lived there. The name Agenda comes from Latin, meaning "“what ought to be done".

The post office in Agenda was ended in 1998.

## Geography
Agenda is at  (39.706567, -97.432239). The United States Census Bureau says that the city has a total area of . All of it is land.

## People
### 2020 census
The 2020 census says that there were 47 people, 27 households, and 15 families living in Agenda. Of the households, 85.2% owned their home and 14.8% rented their home.

The median age was 61.3. Of the people, 85.1% were White, 4.3% were Native American, and 8.5% were two or more races.

### 2010 census
The 2010 census says that there were 68 people, 29 households, and 18 families living in Agenda.

## References
## Other websites
;City
* Agenda - Directory of Public Officials
;Schools
* USD 109, local school district
;Maps
* Agenda City Map, KDOT
Siege of Ravenna (539–540)

The **Siege of Ravenna** that took place between the years 539–540, was during Justinian's Gothic War. Ravenna was the capital of the Ostrogothic kingdom.

Belisarius  marched on Ravenna while Vitalius was already in the area. Vitalius discovered a grain shipment  for Ravenna and captured it. The city surrendered and the Goths left.

## References
Kathryn Pogson

**Kathryn Pogson** (born 1954) is an English film and stage actress. 

In 1985, she was in Terry Gilliam's cult film *Brazil*.  

In 1986, she received a Drama Desk Award nomination for her performance in the New York production of *Aunt Dan and Lemon*.

She grew up in Halifax, West Riding of Yorkshire. She went to Crossley & Porter Girls' Grammar School. 

## Work
### Theatre work (incomplete)
* 1987. Carmen in Terry Hands' RSC production of Jean Genet's *The Balcony*

### Filmography
### Television (incomplete)
## References
## Other websites
*
* Entry on aveleyman website
List of mountains in the Andes

This is a list of the mountains in the Andes that are at least  high. The Andes are the longest exposed mountain range of the world, and the second-highest after the Himalayas. The Andes mountain range is also the highest mountain range outside Asia.

## List 
## Related pages 
* List of highest mountains
* Andes

## Other websites 
* 
* Prominence lists (lists all mountains in the world with more than 1,450m of prominence)
* Digital elevation data, including all the above peaks and many more worldwide
Iuka, Kansas

**Iuka** is a city in Pratt County, Kansas, United States. In 2020, 151 people lived there. Iuka was once the county seat.

The first post office in Iuka was created in December 1877.

## Geography
Iuka is at  (37.729006, -98.732717). The United States Census Bureau says that the city has a total area of . All of it is land.

## People
### 2020 census
The 2020 census says that there were 151 people, 64 households, and 47 families living in Iuka. Of the households, 73.4% owned their home and 26.6% rented their home.

The median age was 48.8 years. Of the people, 94.0% were White and 6.0% were two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 4.6% of the people.

### 2010 census
The 2010 census says that there were 163 people, 79 households, and 49 families living in Iuka.

## References
## Other websites
;City
* Iuka - Directory of Public Officials
;Schools
* USD 382, local school district
;Maps
* Iuka City Map , KDOT
Jamestown, Kansas

**Jamestown** is a city in Cloud County, Kansas, United States. In 2020, 237 people lived there. It was named after either Senator James Pomeroy, or James P. Pomeroy, a railroad official.  A post office was opened in Alva (a ghost town) in 1871, but it was moved to Jamestown in 1878.  The town moved itself to the Missouri Pacific Railroad.

### 1911 fire
In 1911 the entire downtown business area was destroyed by a fire. Few records remain of that fire, but the townspeople rebuilt the downtown commercial area.

### 2000 fire
On January 28, 2000, another fire burned several buildings on Main Street. It spread to the city hall. The town rebuilt.  Mayor Judy Hill said, "A fire like that can destroy a small town, but instead it ignited a community spirit here." In a few days, Jamestown was having town meetings to make plans for the future.

## Geography
Jamestown is at  (39.599548, -97.861255). The United States Census Bureau says that the city has a total area of . All of it is land.

## People
### 2020 census
The 2020 census says that there were 237 people, 105 households, and 72 families living in Jamestown. Of the households, 83.8% owned their home and 16.2% rented their home.

The median age was 43.8 years. Of the people, 92.4% were White, 1.3% were Native American, 0.4% were Asian, and 5.9% were two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.7% of the people.

### 2010 census
The 2010 census says that there were 286 people, 126 households, and 84 families living in Jamestown.

## Media
The *Jamestown Settler* was a newspaper that was published from 1977 until 1983. It published once per week.  Other papers were published from time to time, including *The Kansas Optimist* from 1904 until 1965 and *The Quill* from 1888-1890.

## References
## Other websites
;City
* Jamestown - Directory of Public Officials
;Schools
* USD 333, local school district
;Articles
* Judy Hill - Jamestown, Huck Boyd National Institute for Rural Development
;Maps
* Jamestown City Map , KDOT
Hormoaning

***Hormoaning*** is an extended play by American rock band Nirvana. It was released on January 27, 1992 through DGC Records. It was only released in Australia and Japan while the band were touring there, which therefore has made it quite rare to obtain.

## Track listing
#"Turnaround" – 2:21
#"Aneurysm" – 4:49
#"D-7" – 3:47
#"Son of a Gun" – 2:50
#"Even in His Youth" – 3:07
#"Molly's Lips" – 1:53

## References
Inman, Kansas

**Inman** is a city in McPherson County, Kansas, United States. In 2020, 1,341 people lived there. He was the namesake for Lake Inman, located about  east of the town.

The history of the name "Inman" is that it is one of many versions of the biblical name "John". 

## Geography 
Inman is at  (38.232423, -97.772212). The United States Census Bureau says that the city has a total area of . Of that,  is land and  is water.

### Weather
Inman has hot, humid summers and generally mild to cool winters. The Köppen Climate Classification system says that Inman has a humid subtropical climate, abbreviated "Cfa" on climate maps.

## People
### 2020 census
The 2020 census says that there were 1,341 people, 528 households, and 329 families living in Inman. Of the households, 74.8% owned their home and 25.2% rented their home.

The median age was 44.0 years. Of the people, 94.6% were White, 0.5% were Black, 0.2% were Native American, 0.2% were Asian, 0.8% were from some other race, and 3.6% were two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.1% of the people.

### 2010 census
The 2010 census says that there were 1,377 people, 513 households, and 347 families living in Inman.

## Education
Inman is part of Inman USD 448 school district.

## References
## More reading
* *A Centennial History, Inman, Kansas, 1887-1987*; Inman Heritage Association; 1987.
* *Hoffnungsau in Kansas* ; A.J. Dyck; Mennonite Life; October 1949.

## Other websites
;City
* 
* Inman - Directory of Public Officials, League of Kansas Municipalities
;Schools
* USD 448, local school district
* USD 448 School District Boundary Map , KDOT
;Historical
* Historic Images of Inman , Special Photo Collections at Wichita State University Library
;Maps
* Inman City Map , KDOT
Ojos del Salado

**Ojos del Salado** is a  stratovolcano in the Andes range, in Argentina and Chile. It is the highest active volcano in the world. It is also the second highest mountain in America.

The first people to reach the top were Justyn Wojsznis and Jan Szczepański in 1937.

## References
Monte Pissis

**Monte Pissis** is a  mountain in the Andes range, in Argentina. It is the 3rd highest mountain in the Andes.

The first people to reach the top were the Polish climbers Osiecki and Szczepanski in 1937.

## References
Cerro Bonete

**Cerro Bonete** is a  mountain in the Andes range, in Argentina. It is also known as **Bonete Chico**. It is the 5th highest mountain in the Andes.

The mountain remained unclimbed until at least 1970. 

## References
Dick Dearden

**Dick L. Dearden** (June 3, 1938 – November 2, 2019) was an American politician. He was the Iowa State Senator from the 34th District. A Democrat, he was in the Iowa Senate from 1995 to 2017. Dearden was born in Des Moines, Iowa. 

Dearden died in Des Moines on November 2, 2019 at the age of 81.

## References
Virginia Leith

**Virginia Leith** (October 15, 1925 – November 4, 2019) was an American actress. She was known for her leading roles in  *On the Threshold of Space*, *Toward the Unknown*, *Violent Saturday* and *A Kiss Before Dying*.

She dated actor Marlon Brando in 1956. Leith died on November 4, 2019 at the age of 94.

## References
## Other websites
*
Brazil (disambiguation)

**Brazil** is the largest country in both South America and Latin America.

**Brazil** or **Brasil** may also refer to:

## Movie and television 
Note that simple wikipedia uses the word *movie* as the same as *film* for most film pages
* *Brazil* (1985 movie), a movie by Terry Gilliam
* *Brazil* (1944 movie), a movie starring Tito Guízar and Virginia Bruce
* *Brasil* (movie), a 2002 short movie by F. Javier Gutiérrez
* TV Brasil, a Brazilian TV network

## Music 
* "Aquarela do Brasil" or "Brazil", a song written by Ary Barroso in 1939

## Places 
* Empire of Brazil (1822–1889), a state largely encompassing the territories of modern Brazil and Uruguay
* Brazil, Indiana, U.S.

## Publications
* *Brazil* (book), a 2012 book by Michael Palin 

## Technology 
* Brazil, code name for an edition of the Plan 9 from Bell Labs operating system

## Other 
* Brazil national football team
* Brazil national volleyball team
* Brazil at the Olympics
* Flag of Brazil
* Brazil during World War Two
* Brazil nut, a South American tree and the commercially harvested edible seed
* United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves (1815–1825)
* 
*
Noel Ignatiev

**Noel Ignatiev** (; December 27, 1940 – November 9, 2019) was an American author and historian. He was best known for his work on race and social class and for his call to end "whiteness". 

Ignatiev was the co-founder of the New Abolitionist Society and co-editor of the journal *Race Traitor*, which pushed for the idea that "treason to whiteness is loyalty to humanity"

He also wrote a book on antebellum northern xenophobia against Irish immigrants, *How the Irish Became White*. His publisher called him as "one of America's leading and most controversial historians". 

Ignatiev died from an intestine infection at a hospital in Tucson, Arizona on November 9, 2019 at the age of 78.

## References
## Other websites
* The New Abolitionist Society 
* *Race Traitor* 
* Sojourner Truth Organization archive
Brian Mawhinney

**Brian Stanley Mawhinney, Baron Mawhinney**, PC (26 July 1940 – 9 November 2019) was a British Conservative Party politician. He was a member of the Cabinet of John Major from 1994 until 1997 and a Member of Parliament (MP) from 1979 until 2005. He was born in Belfast, Northern Ireland.

Mawhinney died on 9 November 2019 in Peterborough, Cambridgeshire, aged 79.

## References
Chatham Islands

The **Chatham Islands** are a New Zealand archipelago in the Pacific Ocean. They are about  east of the South Island of New Zealand. The archipelago is a cluster of about ten islands in  radius. The largest are Chatham Island and Pitt Island. 

Some of these islands are now nature reserves to protect  the unique flora and fauna.
, the islands had a resident population of 600. The local economy depends largely on conservation, tourism, farming, and fishing.

The Chatham Islands became part of the Colony of New Zealand in 1842.

## Geology 
The Chatham Islands are part of the now largely submerged continent of Zealandia. 

They are the only part of the Chatham Rise above sea level. This means the Chatham Islands are far from the Australian-Pacific plate boundary which causes New Zealand's geology. 

The rocks are a Mesozoic schist basement covered by marine sedimentary rocks. The rocks show sections of basalt from a series of eruptions. Volcanic activity has occurred multiple times since the Cretaceous. At present there is no active volcanism near the Chatham Rise.

## References
T. N. Seshan

**Tirunellai Narayana Iyer Seshan**  (15 May 1933 – 10 November 2019) was an Indian bureucrat. He was the 18th Cabinet Secretary of India in 1989. He was appointed the 10th Chief Election Commissioner of India (1990–96) and became known for election reforms. 

He won the Ramon Magsaysay Award for government service in 1996.

He died at his home in Chennai on 10 November 2019 of cardiac arrest, aged 86.

## References
John Gokongwei

**John Lim Gokongwei Jr.** (; 11 August 1926 – 9 November 2019) was a Filipino billionaire businessman and philanthropist.

He had holdings in telecommunications, financial services, petrochemicals, power generation, aviation, food, beverage, and livestock farming. Gokongwei also owned Universal Robina Corporation, one of the largest manufacturer of snacks in Southeast Asia. He was the chairman of JG Summit Holdings, one of the largest conglomerates in the Philippines.

## References
## Other websites
* Dad and me 
* Lessons on Entrepreneurship from John Gokongwei's Life
* John Gokongwei Speech to the 20th AD Congress
István Szívós

**István Szívós Jr.** (24 April 1948 – 10 November 2019) was a Hungarian water polo player. 

He competed in four consecutive Olympics in 1968–1980 and won a medal in each of them. He also won six gold or silver medals at world and European championships and nine national titles.

He died 10 November 2019 at the age of 71.

## References