open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Makruh

**Makruh** (مَكْرُوهٌ) is stuff that is considered disliked in Islam. Examples of some actions that are considered Makruh include wearing black (some scholars and under certain conditions), masturbation (some scholars), and smoking (some scholars).

## References
Chenebier

**Chenebier** is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Haute-Saône department in east France.

## References
Malaysia Youth Museum

The **Malaysia Youth Museum** is in Malacca City, Malacca. It is dedicated to the youth of Malaysia and their contributions to the economy and society at local, national, and international levels.

The building was once part of the Dutch Administrative Complex during Dutch Malacca. Later, it became a post office and then an Anglo-Chinese School in 1931. It was finally turned into the museum, which was officially opened by Prime Minister Mahathir Mohamad on 15 April 1992.

## References
Hashim Aman

**Hashim bin Aman** (1 September 1929 – 21 May 2018) was a Malaysian civil servant who served as the 7th Chief Secretary to the Government of Malaysia from 1982 to 1984.

He retired in 1984, and a farewell ceremony was held at the Banquet Hall, Parliament House, Kuala Lumpur, on 14 July 1984, with Prime Minister Mahathir Mohamad attending. After retiring, Hashim became the chairman of PERNAS.

Hashim Aman passed away on 21 May 2018 at 89 while being treated at Kuala Lumpur Hospital.

## References
Fanon

The **fanon** is a special piece of clothing used in the Catholic Church during important religious ceremonies. It is mostly worn by the Pope but can also be worn by the Patriarch of Lisbon.

## Description 
The fanon is made of two round pieces of cloth, usually silk, with stripes of gold and white. It is worn over the chasuble and looks like a short cape or wide collar. One part of the fanon goes in the front, and the other part goes on the back. There is a small hole for the stole to pass through, which is worn under the fanon.

## History 
 and **fanon**]]
The fanon has been used by the popes for many centuries, starting in the early Middle Ages. It was worn during special Masses (e.g. pontifical Mass) as a symbol of the pope's authority. The fanon showed the special role of the pope as the leader of the Catholic Church. 
 wearing a fanon]]
Over time, the fanon became less common. However, some popes, like Pope Benedict XVI, brought it back during certain religious services.

## Related pages 
* Pallium
* Chasuble

## References
RichCrest Animation Studios

**RichCrest Animation Studios** was an animation studio that was started in Burbank, California by Richard **Rich.**

It was in debt after box office flops, leading to the company having to be sold in 2000. After this it changed its name to Crest Animation production. Soon, it was bought by an Indian studio called Crest Animation Studio.

## Movies
The movies they made were *The Swan Princess* and *The King and I*.

|''Hailey's on It!''
|December 20, 1996
|Co-production with Amblimation, Amblin Entertainment, Nelvana and The Kennedy/Marshall Company

## References
The Space Between Us (movie)

“**The Space Between Us**” is an American romantic science fiction movie directed by Peter Chelsom and written by Allan Loeb. The story was developed by Stewart Schill, Richard Barton Lewis, and Allan Loeb.

The film revolves around a teenage boy who was born on Mars. Curious about Earth, he embarks on a journey to our blue planet.

## Cast 
The movie features several notable actors:

* Gary Oldman
* Asa Butterfield
* Britt Robertson
* Carla Gugino
* Logan Paul

## Production 
“The Space Between Us” was released on February 3, 2017, by STXfilms. Principal photography began on September 14, 2015, in Albuquerque, New Mexico. At the box office, it grossed $16 million against its $30 million budget.

## References 
## Other websites 
*
Mastodon (social network)

**Mastodon** is a free software for running in user's own social network. It's like Twitter, with short posts, but instead of a single big site, there are a lot of smaller separate ones called servers. Each server has its own rules like - handling privacy, and content moderation. Users join one server, but they still can talk to other people on other servers. This allows users to choose a server with rules they like, but still be part of the larger network. Mastodon uses a system called ActivityPub, which functions with other platforms like Lemmy, Pixelfed, and PeerTube. It was developed by Eugen Rochko and was released in October 2016.It grew popular, especially after Elon Musk bought Twitter in 2022. Mastodon is managed by a German non-profit Mastodon GmbH.

## References 
## Other websites 
*
Lüdinghausen

**Lüdinghausen** is a town in Coesfeld in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. About 25,000 people live there.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Official website
Wab Kinew

**Wab Kinew** is a Canadian politician and the 25th Premier of Manitoba. He was born on December 31, 1981, in Ontario, Canada. Kinew is a member of the New Democratic Party of Manitoba (NDP) and has been serving as the Premier of Manitoba since October 2023.

## Early Life and Education 
Wab Kinew was born to Dr. Tobasonakwut Kinew and Dr. Kathi Avery Kinew. He is from the Onigaming First Nation in northwestern Ontario. Kinew holds a Bachelor of Arts degree in economics from the University of Manitoba and a Master's degree in Indigenous Governance from the University of Winnipeg.

### Political career 
Kinew was first elected as the Member of the Legislative Assembly of Manitoba (MLA) for Fort Rouge in 2016. In 2017, he became the leader of the Manitoba NDP and the leader of the official opposition. He became the Premier of Manitoba in October 2023.

## Personal life 
Wab Kinew is married to Dr. Lisa Monkman and has three children.

## References
The International Association for Assyriology

**The International Association for Assyriology** (**IAA**) is a non-profit, non-political organization founded in July 2003 and located in Leiden. It is an organization known for its studies in cuneiform writing, ancient world history and archaeology. Its impact is national, to international or private institutions and to the general public.

The IAA makes an annual congress called the Rencontre Assyriologique Internationale. This meeting is attended by scholars from around the world at a Near Eastern research center.

## References
Near Eastern archaeology

**Near Eastern archaeology** is a regional branch of the wider, global discipline of archaeology. It refers generally to the excavation and study of artifacts and material culture of the Near East from antiquity to the recent past.

## References
Michel Debidour

**Michel Debidour** (born 1947) is a French historian and archaeologist.

Debidour joined the École Normale Supérieure in 1966, and he obtained his Agrégation de Lettres classiques in 1970. From 1972 to 1977 Debidour was a member of the French School at Athens.

Debidour's research focuses on the history and economy of Greek cities, the history of technology and cryptography. He also is a specialist of the amphora stamps of Thasos.

## Other websites 
* Debidour (Michel), *Les Grecs et la guerre, Ve-IVe siècles, De la guerre rituelle à la guerre totale*
* Michel Laferrere, Victor-Henry et Michel Debidour, *Lyon et ses environs*
* *La Grèce* De Michel Debidour
Marina 101

**Marina 101** is a skyscraper in Dubai, United Arab Emirates, located in the Dubai Marina district. Standing 101 stories high and 425 m (1,394 ft) tall, it is the second tallest building in the United Arab Emirates, behind only the Burj Khalifa. As of 2022, Marina 101 was also the 32nd-tallest building in the world. Its use is residential with apartments and hotel floors.

## History 
Construction began in 2007, with completion initially scheduled for 2014. The building might not completed after the original developer - Sheffield Holdings Limited - ran out of capital. The tower is completed at 97% as of September 2024. The building was designed by National Engineering Bureau and construction was by Turkish conglomerate TAV Construction.

## References
Thomas Römer

**Thomas Christian Römer** (born 13 December 1955 in Mannheim, Germany), is a Swiss biblical scholar, teacher, language expert, professor, and Reformed minister. He was professor at the University of Geneva and at the University of Lausanne. From 2007 Römer was the chair of the "Biblical environments" at the Collège de France, and from 2019 he become the administrator of the Collège de France.

## Life 
Thomas Römer was born 13 December 1955 in Mannheim, Germany.

In 1988 earned a doctorate at the University of Geneve under the supervision of Albert de Pury.

## Honours and awards 
### Honours 
* 2019: Knight of the Legion of Honour
* 2021: Knight of the Ordre des Palmes académiques
* 2022: Commander of the Ordre des Arts et des Lettres

### Awards 
* 2014: Prize for the history of religions of the Foundation *Les amis de Pierre-Antoine Bernheim* of the Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres
* 2015: Leenaards Foundation Cultural Prize
* 2021: Lausanne University Medal

### Honorary degrees 
* 2015: Tel Aviv University
* 2022: Catholic University of Lyon

## Publications 
Bibliography (1984–2016): IRSB Publications .

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## References 
;Sources

*
*
List of Paw Patrol episodes

This is a list of episodes of Paw Patrol. *Paw Patrol* is a Canadian animated television series created by Keith Chapman. In Canada, the series is broadcast on TVOntario and Nickelodeon.

## Series overview 

## Episodes
Until "Pups Save Friendship Day" (#306), all episodes were directed by Jamie Whitney. From "Pups Save Apollo" (#307A) until "Rescue Wheels: Pups vs. the Monster Mayor" (#1026), all episodes were directed by Charles E. Bastien. From "Rescue Wheels: Pups Save the Teetering Tower" (#1101A), all episodes were directed by Paul Brown.

### Season 1 (2013–14)
### Season 2 (2014–15)
### Season 3 (2015–17)
### Season 4 (2017–18)
### Season 5 (2018–19)
### Season 6 (2019–21)
### Season 7 (2020–21)
### Season 8 (2021–23)
### Season 9 (2022–23)
### Season 10 (2023–24)
### Season 11 (2024–25)
### Season 12 (2025–26)
### Specials
## Shorts
## Theatrical movies
## References
7th arrondissement of Lyon

The **7th arrondissement of Lyon** () is one of the nine arrondissements of the City of Lyon.

## Geography 
### Squares and streets 
* Rue de Créqui
* Rue Duguesclin
* Rue Garibaldi
* Rue de l'Université

### Quarters 
* La Guillotière (southern part)
* Jean Macé
* Gerland

## Cultural activities 
* Parc de Gerland
* Stade de Gerland

## Related pages 
* Parc Sergent Blandan
* Jewish cemetery, Lyon

## References
## Other websites 
* Official website
Jschlatt

**jschlatt** (born September 10th, 1999), also known as **Schlatt**, is an American YouTuber and Twitch streamer.

## References
Adelphobates quinquevittatus

The **Rio Madeira poison frog** or **Amazonian poison-arrow frog** (*Adelphobates quinquevittatus*) is a frog.  It lives in Colombia.

## Home
Scientists see this frog on the dead leaves on the ground in tropical rainforests.

Many of the places this frog lives are protected parks, for example Parque Estadual de Guajará-Mirím.

## Young
The female frog lays eggs on the dead leaves on the ground.  After the eggs hatch, the adult frogs carry the tadpoles to water, for example water in bromeliad plants and in the shells of Brazil nuts.

## Danger
Scientists say this frog is not in danger of dying out. But people cut down the forests where it lives to make farms, to dig good rocks out of the ground, and make dams for electricity. Fires can also stop the forests where the frog lives.

## References
American Chopper

***American Chopper*** is an American reality television series produced by Pilgrim Films & Television for the Discovery Channel. It starred Paul Teutul Sr., his sons Paul Teutul Jr. and Michael Teutul, Rick Petko, Jason Pohl, Vincent DiMartino, Cody Connelly, and Mike Ammirati. The show ran from March 31, 2003 until February 11, 2010.

The show centers around Orange Country Choppers, a custom motorcycle company owned by Paul Teutul Sr. and follows how the business is run. There is often arguments and disagreements between Teutul Sr. and his son Teutul Jr. Much of the show took place at the Orange County Choppers headquarters in Newburgh, New York.

A spin-off titled *American Chopper: Senior vs. Junior* was broadcast on TLC. It focused on a rivalry between Teutul Sr. and Teutul Jr., along with his own motorcycle business called Paul Jr. Designs. It ran from August 12, 2010 until December 17, 2012. Another spin-off titled *Orange County Choppers* ran for one season from August 18, 2013 until January 11, 2014. It aired on the CMT.

The original show was revived on March 1, 2018. It ran for two seasons and ended on April 2, 2019

## References
## Other websites
*
Zaleha Ismail

Tan Sri **Zaleha binti Ismail** (18 May 1936 – 14 November 2020) was a Malaysian politician. She served as the Minister of National Unity and Community Development from 1995 to 1999.

She joined UMNO in 1968 and later became part of its Supreme Council. Zaleha was active in politics for 30 years. She first ran in the 1978 general election for the Permatang seat in the Selangor State Assembly. Later, she served as a Member of Parliament for Tanjong Karang (1982–1986), Selayang (1986–1995), and Gombak (1995–2004). She was Deputy Transport Minister from 1987 to 1995. 

In 1995, Prime Minister Mahathir Mohamad appointed her Minister of National Unity and Community Development. In the 1999 general election, she won against PAS candidate Hatta Ramli by 803 votes.

On 14 November 2020, Zaleha died from health complications at 8:15 pm at Tawakkal Hospital in Kuala Lumpur. She was 84 years old.

## References
Parliament of Bangladesh

The **Jatiya Sangsad Bhaban** or **Parliament of Bangladesh** is the house of the Parliament of Bangladesh, located at Sher-e-Bangla Nagar besides St. Joseph Higher Secondary School in the Bangladeshi capital of Dhaka. Designed while the country was still part of Pakistan by architect Louis Kahn, the complex is one of the largest legislative complexes in the world, covering .

The building was featured prominently in the 2003 movie *My Architect*, detailing the career and familial legacy of its architect, Louis Kahn. Robert McCarter, author of *Louis I. Kahn*, described the National Parliament of Bangladesh as one of the twentieth century's most significant buildings.

## References
Gen

**Gen** is most commonly seen as a contraction (such as **Gen.**) and it may mean:

* Book of Genesis
* General officer
* Generation#Western world as in GenX, GenZ, etc.
* Genitive case

**Gen** may also mean:

* *Gen* (movie), 2006 Turkish horror film 
* Gen (Street Fighter), a video game character from the *Street Fighter* series
* Gen Fu, a video game character from the *Dead or Alive* series
* Gen language, a language of Togo
* Gen-san, a character in the anime series *Sky Girls*
*, a character in the anime and manga series *Dr. Stone*
*, Japanese Nordic combined skier
*, Japanese singer-songwriter, musician, actor, and writer
*Gen Kitchen, British politician
*, Japanese footballer
*, Japanese novelist, visual novel writer and anime screenwriter
*, Japanese engineer and businessman
*, Japanese politician
*, Japanese ballet dancer and choreographer
* Gen Digital, a computer security software company in United States

**GEN** may mean:
* GEN Corporation, of Japan
* GEN, Global Enterprise Network, a UK Internet Service Provider
* GEN Energija, a state-owned power company in Slovenia
* GEN, a website published by Medium
* Global Ecovillage Network
* Global Editors Network
* *Gewestelijk ExpresNet*, Dutch name for the Brussels Regional Express Network, a commuter rail service

## Related pages
* Gene
Leonardo Boff

**Leonardo Boff** (; born **Genézio Darci Boff**; ; 14 December 1938) is a Brazilian theologian, philosopher writer, and former Catholic priest. He is known for his support for liberation theology and Latin American liberation theology. He was awarded the Right Livelihood Award in 2000. Boff was born in Concórdia, Brazil.

## References
## Other websites
*Right Livelihood Award
*Interview to the Comunita Italiana (in Portuguese)
Flicka

***Flicka*** is a 2006 American family adventure drama movie loosely based on the 1941 children's novel *My Friend Flicka* by Mary O'Hara. The movie is directed by Michael Mayer and written by Mark Rosenthal and Lawrence Konner. The novel had previously been made into a movie by 20th Century Fox in 1943, and served as the inspiration for *My Friend Flicka*, a 39-episode TV series in 1956–1957.
Flicka 2

**Flicka 2** is a 2010 American drama film and a sequel to Flicka (2006). The film is about a city girl who finds herself in the country not by choice and befriends an *Equus*. Neither girl or equuid are wanted and they find a common bond. The film stars Patrick Warburton, Tammin Sursok and Clint Black.
Call of Duty 2: Big Red One

***Call of Duty 2: Big Red One*** is a first-person shooter video game developed by Treyarch and published by Activision. It was made for the GameCube, Xbox, and PlayStation 2.
Phat kaphrao

**Phat kaphrao** is one of the most popular dishes in Thailand. This dish is eaten all over Thailand due to the flavour.

## Nutritional values
*Phat kaphrao* consists of main ingredients from the five food groups. Stir-frying holy basil with pork results in a dish that is full in protein and minerals.
Philippe Sanfourche

**Philippe Sanfourche** (France, January 26, 1975) is a French sports journalist, who works as a senior reporter in the sports department of RTL (French radio) and then as a radio and television host.

## Career
"On refait le match" is also a daily podcast to keep up to date with all the latest football news. He is a columnist on the show "L'Equipe du soir" on the L'Équipe channel (television channel). Other reports for RTL, Dakar Rally from 2004 to 2010, Tour de France cycling race 2008, won this year by Carlos Sastre ahead of Cadel Evans. The French Open tennis tournament from 2000 to 2003, in the Roland-Garros stadium in Paris, an annual clay court tennis tournament. He will make regular appearances on Pascal Praud's show 20hFoot. Philippe Sanfourche is a specialist in the French football team and Paris Saint-Germain FC at the sports department since 2010.

## References
Speedcubing

**Speedcubing**, also known as **speedsolving**, is a mind sport around the speed of solving of combination puzzles.

Competitive speedcubing is run by the World Cube Association (WCA), which officially recognizes 17 different speedcubing events.

## References
Al Mezan Center for Human Rights

The **Al Mezan Center for Human Rights** () or **Al Mezan** () is a non-governmental organization based in the Palestinian Jabalia (a Palestinian refugee ) in the Gaza Strip in the Occupied Palestinian Territory. The organisation works on issues such as human rights protection, legal support, and monitoring of conditions in the Gaza Strip.

Mezan () means *balance*, *scales*, *justice*, and *equity*, in Arabic.

## References 
## Other websites 
* https://www.mezan.org/
Avior

**Avior** (also known as **Epsilon Carinae**) is a binary star system located in the southern constellation of Carina. It has an apparent magnitude of +1.86 making it the 41st brightest star in the night sky, but it is not visible from most of the northern hemisphere. The False Cross is an asterism formed of Delta Velorum, Kappa Velorum, Aspidiske (Iota Carinae) and Avior (Epsilon Carinae). It is called the False Cross because it is sometimes mistaken for the Southern Cross, causing problems in astronavigation.

Avior is located about 560–660 light years from the Sun. Measurements during the Hipparcos mission give the pair an angular separation of 0.46 arcseconds with a difference in magnitude of 2.0. At their estimated distance, this angle is equal to a physical separation of around 4 astronomical units

The main star has an apparent magnitude of 2.01, which by itself would still make it the third-brightest star in the constellation. It is an evolved giant star with a stellar classification of K3 III. However, examination of the ultraviolet light emitted from this star suggests it may instead be of spectral type K7. which, if it were a single star, would be bright enough to be seen with the naked eye. This is a hot, core hydrogen-fusing B-type main sequence star of spectral class B2 Vp. This pair may form an eclipsing binary system

## References
Luis Cordero Vega

**Luis Alberto Cordero Vega** (Santiago, August 12, 1972) is a lawyer, academic and politician Chileno. From January 11, 2023 to October 17, 2024, he served as his country's Minister of Justice and Human Rights under the government of Gabriel Boric. He assumed the position of Undersecretary of the Interior on October 17, 2024, which he holds to date. 

## Biography 
### Family and studies 
Born on August 12, 1972, in Santiago. He is married to Magdalena Atria Barros, who has served as Chile's ambassador to Germany since 2022. 

He completed his higher education in the career of law at the Universidad La República, graduating in Legal Sciences in 1996, and then completed a master's degree in Public Law at the Universidad de Chile in 2002, and a PhD in Law from the University of Lérida, Spain, in 2005.

### Professional career 
He has practiced his profession in the public and private sectors. Where he participated in the Reform of Environmental Institutionality as coordinator, and advised Congress on the Environmental Courts project. He was also on the Finance Ministry's Financial Supervision Reform Commission.

At the time of his appointment as minister, Cordero was part of the FerradaNehme law firm, where he served as a partner leading the Public Law and Government area. At the same time, he remains a professor of Administrative Law at the Faculty of Law of the University of Chile.

He was a columnist for the newspaper *La Segunda* until 2022, since after that year he assumed the role of Minister of Justice under the government of President Boric.

### Minister of State 
On January 7, 2023, President Gabriel Boric announced his appointment as Minister of Justice and Human Rights, following the resignation of Minister Marcela Ríos following controversies over pardons linked to the social outbreak.

## Controversies 
In 2015, he was denounced for plagiarism by professors of the Department of Public Law at the University of Chile, accusing him of "ten situations related to the literal transcription of paragraphs, passages, pages and works of other authors and professors, to whom he did not give credit."  These infractions were generated in his books *The responsibility of the State Administration* (2011) and *Administrative Law Lessons* (2015).

The summary procedure was processed by Professor Arturo Prado, concluding that violations of the duty of administrative probity had been committed. As a result, he was sanctioned by the then Dean Davor Harasic with the measure of suspension from employment for two months with fifty percent of his remuneration, pointing out that the facts attributed to the accused "are one of the most serious (that can occur) in an academic community, since they attack the foundations of academic work enshrined in article 4 of the University Statute." 

## References 
## Other websites
Papal tiara

]]
The **papal tiara** or **triregnum** is a special crown worn by Popes of the Catholic Church in the past. It has three layers and is often decorated with jewels and a cross on top. The tiara is a symbol of the pope's authority.

## Description 
The papal tiara is shaped like a tall, pointed hat with three crowns stacked one on top of the other. It usually has a cross at the top and two long cloth ribbons hanging down the back, called *lappets*.

## History 
 wearing a tiara]]
The use of the papal tiara started around the 8th century. Over the centuries, many popes received their own tiaras, often made with valuable materials like gold, silver, and precious stones. Each new tiara was usually designed to be unique, symbolizing the pope’s individual position in history. However, it does not appear in the papal coat of arms because Pope Benedict XVI replaced it with a mitre.

## Related pages 
* Fanon
* Chasuble
* Pallium

## References
Los Alamos, California

**Los Alamos** (, meaning *The Cottonwoods*) is an unincorporated community in Santa Barbara County, California, United States. The population was 1,839 at the 2020 census.

## References
Semir Noor Alimeer

Semir Noor Alimeer (Born: 1958 Sep 16) (In Kurdish: سەمیر نوور عەلی مير) ( In Arabic: سمير نور علي مير ) was a Kurdish Iraqi islamic political activist and a member of the Iraqi Dawa Party, He was accused of participating in the 1980 assassination attempt on Tariq Aziz at Al-Mustansiriyah University. He was arrested and executed alongside his father, brother in law, and his young two brother aged (13 and 8 years).
Epipedobates espinosai

The **Darwin-Wallace poison frog**, **espinosa poison frog**,  **turquoise-bellied poison frog**, or **turquoise-bellied poison arrow frog** (*Epipedobates espinosai*) is a frog.  It lives in  Ecuador.

## Body
The adult male frog is 16.0–17.5 mm long from nose to rear end and the adult female frog is 15.2–20.38 mm long. The skin of the frog's back is coffee color or dark red with blue and white marks. The sides of the body are black in color with some light blue.

## Home
This frog lives near streams in forests. It is awake during the day. It hides under dead leaves on the ground. Scientists saw the frog between 858 and 1719 meters above sea level.

## Young
Scientists have seen the tadpoles in streams and fast waterfalls.  They have not seen the females laying eggs, but they have seen male frogs carrying tadpoles on their backs. Other frogs in *Epipedobates* lay eggs on the ground, and the male frogs carry the tadpoles to water.

## Danger
People cut down many trees to make farms, to make places for animals to eat grass, and to get wood to build with.

Scientists think people might catch this frog to sell as a pet, but scientists do not know if this is a danger to the frog or not.

## References
Fellow of the British Academy

**Fellowship of the British Academy** (post-nominal letters **FBA**) is an award granted by the British Academy to leading academics for their distinction in the humanities and social sciences. The categories are:

# Fellows – scholars resident in the United Kingdom
# Corresponding Fellows – scholars resident overseas 
# Honorary Fellows – an honorary academic title (whereby the post-nominal letters "Hon FBA" are used)
# Deceased Fellows – Past Fellows of the British Academy

The award of fellowship is based on published work and fellows may use the post-nominal letters *FBA*.

## Related pages 
* List of fellows of the British Academy

## References
AirPods

**AirPods** are wireless headphones by Apple. They were first announced in 2016 alongside the iPhone 7 and now with iPhone 16. It took two years for them to become Apple's most popular add-on.

## References
Krishnadevraya war with Kalinga

Krishnadevaraya Invaded Kalinga which was under the Gajapati Kingdom under his general Appaji Saluva (also known as Timma or Timmarusu Saluva) defeated Gajapatis initially capturing Virbhadra the Gajapati Prince and later forcing Prataprudra Deva to surrender and marrying his daughter to Krishnadevaraya.
## Battle
The Vijayangara Army under the Command of Appaji Saluva laid siege to Udayagiri Fort in 1512 which lasted for a year. Both Army fought vigorously but due to starvation and lack of resources the Gajapati army was forced to retreat.Later both Armies clashed again at Kondaveedu Fort. Initially Vijaynagara army began to retreat due to heavy casualties on them by Gajapati army but Appaji cleverly identified the weak and less defended a location of the Fort and carried a night attack defeating the Gajapati army, capturing the Fort as well as the Gajapati Prince Virbhadra. 

Krishnadevaraya planned an invasion of Kalinga but Prataprudra got the news and planned to attack Vijayangara Army first but due to Appaji cleverly bribing an Gajapati General got the news and the army Invaded Kalinga forcing Prataprudra to flee. He eventually surrendered and offered his daughter to Krishnadevaraya. 
## References
Mouna Raagam

**Mouna Raagam** is an Indian Tamil-language romantic drama movie. The movie was directed by Mani Ratnam, a well-known filmmaker in India. The music was composed by Ilaiyaraaja. It was released on August 15, 1986, coinciding with Indian Independence Day. The movie was a blockbuster and a breakthrough in Mani Ratnam's directorial career. It even won the National Film Award for Best Feature Film in Tamil.

## Story 
The story is about Divya, a young woman, and her struggles with love and marriage. She is forced to marry Chandrakumar, a man she does not know. However, Divya still loves her old boyfriend, Manohar, who died in a tragic incident. At first, Divya does not accept Chandrakumar and feels unhappy in her new life. But slowly, she begins to understand his kindness and care. Over time, they develop a deep bond, and Divya learns to move on from her past and embrace her present.

## Cast 
* Mohan as Chandrakumar
* Revathi as Divya
* Karthik as Manohar (guest appearance)
* V. K. Ramasamy as Chandrakumar's boss
* Ra. Sankaran as Chandramouli
* Bhaskar as Divya's brother
* Kanchana as the lawyer
* Vani as Janaki
* Kalaiselvi as Divya's sister
* Sonia as Divya's sister
* John Babu as a dancer in the song "Panivizhum Iravu"
* Malini Vaman as a dancer in "Panivizhum Iravu"
* Prabhu Deva as the flute player in "Panivizhum Iravu"
Punnagai Mannan

**Punnagai Mannan** is a Tamil-language tragic romance movie from India. The movie was directed by K. Balachander, a famous filmmaker, and starred Kamal Haasan and Revathi. The music was composed by Ilaiyaraaja. It was released on November 1, 1986, coinciding with Diwali. The film became a blockbuster and ran for 25 weeks in theatres.

## Story 
The story is about Sethu and Ranjani, two young lovers who decide to end their lives because their families are against their relationship. However, only Ranjani dies, and Sethu survives. After this tragedy, Sethu feels guilty and lives with a lot of sadness. He moves to a hill station and starts working as a dance teacher.

One day, Sethu meets Malini, a cheerful young woman who joins his dance class. At first, Sethu is cold toward her, still stuck in his sad past. But Malini’s kindness and joy slowly make him feel better. Over time, Sethu learns to love life again with Malini’s help.

## Cast 
* Kamal Haasan as Sethu and "Chaplin" Chellapa
* Revathi as Malini
* Srividya as Padmini
* Rekha as Ranjani
* Delhi Ganesh as Sethu's father
* Sudarshan as Ranjani's father
* Sundar Krishna Urs as Malini's father
* Hussaini as a Sri Lankan Tamil
* Sundar as a dance student
* Baby Kalpana as a little girl in a store
Mr. India

**Mr. India** is a popular Indian Hindi-language movie released in 1987. It was directed by **Shekhar Kapur** and became one of the most loved films in Indian cinema. The movie is known for its mix of action, comedy, drama, and fantasy. It stars **Anil Kapoor**, **Sridevi**, and **Amrish Puri**.

## Story 
The movie is about Arun Verma, a kind-hearted man who looks after a group of orphan children. He struggles to make ends meet but always stays positive. One day, Arun discovers a special invisibility bracelet created by his scientist father. When Arun wears the bracelet, he can become invisible, but only in the absence of red light.

Using this power, Arun becomes Mr. India, a hero who fights crime. He has to face the evil villain Mogambo, a criminal mastermind who wants to take over India. Mogambo is known for his famous line, "Mogambo khush hua!" (Mogambo is pleased).

Arun is also helped by Seema, a funny journalist who stays with him and the children. Together, they try to stop Mogambo’s dangerous plans and save the country.

## Cast 
* Anil Kapoor as Arun Verma aka Mr. India
* Sridevi as Seema Soni
* Amrish Puri as Mogambo
* Ashok Kumar as Prof. Sinha
* Annu Kapoor as Mr. Gaitonde, Seema's newspaper editor
* Ramesh Deo as a police inspector
* Ajit Vachani as Teja 
* Bob Christo as Mr. Wolcott
* Harish Patel as Roopchand 
* Anjan Srivastav as Baburam
* Satish Kaushik as Calendar
* Ahmed Khan as an orphan
* Aftab Shivdasani as an orphan
* Yunus Parvez as Maniklal
* Sharat Saxena as Daga
* Gurbachan Singh as Captain Zorro
Fatberg

A **fatberg** is a build-up of non-biodegradable objects like wet wipes and liquids such as grease, oils, and fat. Fatbergs are found in sewer systems. They cause problems in the flow of sewage through the pipes and can cause blockages. It is very expensive to remove and sometime needs special equipment to remove.

City officials warn people not to flush objects down the toilet so fatbergs do not form.

## References
Crispy Crunch

**Crispy Crunch** is a brand of chocolate bar. They are chocolate bars that have been filled with peanut butter flake and covered in a chocolate coating. Crispy Crunch is owned by Cadbury.

The chocolate bar was first created in 1930 by William Neilson employee Harold Oswin.

The trading card company Pro Set would begin to sell the chocolate bar in the United States during the 1990s. It stopped being sold in the US after the Pro Set company went bankrupt.

## References 
## Other websites
* (Archive)
F. C. Burkitt

**Francis Crawford Burkitt** FBA (3 September 1864 – 11 May 1935) was an English theologian and Norris Professor of Divinity at the University of Cambridge. Burkitt strongly disagreed with the idea of a separate "Caesarean Text" of the New Testament, which was suggested by B. H. Streeter and others.

## Life 
Burkitt was awarded Doctor of Divinity in 1915. He was Norrisian Professor of Divinity from 1905 to 1934,

Burkitt played an important role in deciphering a Syriac palimpsest of the Gospels in subsequent publication of the team's findings.

He was also president of the Cambridge Philological Society from 1904 to 1905. Burkitt was one of the founding member of the Cambridge Theological Society that was dedicated to research, and president from 1907-09.

## Honours 
The Burkitt Medal, awarded by the British Academy, is named in his honour.

## Books 
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## References 
## Other websites 
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*Biographical page
Valentina Truppa

**Valentina Truppa** (born 18 March 1986 in Milan) is an Italian Olympic dressage rider. She was in two Olympic Games. She was in the 2012 and 2016 Summer Olympics. Her best Olympic score was in 2012.

Valentina was also at the 2014 FEI World Equestrian Games and at three European Dressage Championships.

## References 
## Other websites 
*
Wonderbug

**Wonderbug** was a live-action superhero themed show created by Joe Ruby and Ken Spears. The show premiered on ABC on September 11, 1976 as part of the Krofft Supershow programming block until September 2, 1978.

It was one of the first shows (along with Dr. Shrinker, Electra Woman & Dyna Girl & The Lost Saucer) to appear on the block and the only one that stayed on the block.
Ester Soldi

**Ester Soldi** (born 15 February 1970 in Varese, Italy) is an Italian dressage rider. She was in the 2014 FEI World Equestrian Games and at 3 European Dressage Championships.

## References
## Other websites 
*
The Krofft Supershow (programming block)

**The Krofft Supershow** was a 70’s programming block that used to air on ABC. It aired on September 11, 1976 until it’s final broadcast on September 2, 1978.

The block ended to feature the short-lived *The Krofft Superstar Hour*, with Kaptain Kool and the Kongs replaced by the Bay City Rollers, and new live-action segments replaced the old ones.

## Shows 
### Original programming 
### Acquired programming 
## Kaptain Kool & The Kongs 
**Kaptain Kool & The Kongs** was a glam-rock band who were responsible for hosting **The Krofft Supershow**. They also perform skits and songs throughout the shows featured on the block. Their segments were videotaped at the short-lived World of Sid and Marty Krofft indoor amusement park in Atlanta.

For the block’s last years (1977-1978), their image was toned down, and they were downsized from a five-person band to a four-person band, and because The World of Sid and Marty Krofft closed down, their season-two segments were taped in a studio with an audience of children.

### Recurring sketches from Kaptain Kool & The Kongs 
* **Songs** - Songs preformed by Kaptain Kool & The Kongs.
* **Nashville’s How To…** - Nashville gives how-to tips to the audience, with Turkey mostly being the assistant. (1977-1978)
* **This Week’s Letter** (**To the Kaptain…**) - Kaptain Kool gets letters sent from people and answers them. (1977-1978)
* **Turkeys From the Turkey** - Turkey would read a nonsensical poem about moral life lessons. (1977-1978)
Dhanush

**Dhanush** (born July 28, 1983) is an Indian actor, singer, producer, and director. He mainly works in Tamil cinema. He is famous for his acting, dance, and songs. His real name is *Venkatesh Prabhu Kasthuri Raja*, but he uses the name Dhanush in movies.

## Early life 
Dhanush was born in Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. His father, Kasthuri Raja, is a film director. At first, Dhanush wanted to become a chef, but his brother Selvaraghavan, a director, encouraged him to act.

## Career 
Dhanush made his debut in the movie *Thulluvadho Ilamai* (2002), directed by his father. Later, he became popular with movies like *Polladhavan* (2007), *Aadukalam* (2011), and *Raanjhanaa* (2013), which was his first Hindi movie.

He won a National Film Award for Best Actor for his role in *Aadukalam*. Dhanush also gained international fame with his song "Why This Kolaveri Di" (2011) from the movie *3* (2012), which became viral on YouTube.

## Other work 
Dhanush is also a playback singer and has sung several songs in Tamil. He works as a producer through his company Wunderbar Films, which has produced many successful movies. He also directed a film called *Pa Paandi* (2017).

In 2022, Dhanush acted in the Hollywood movie *The Gray Man*, alongside actors like Ryan Gosling.

## Personal life 
Dhanush married Aishwarya, the daughter of actor Rajinikanth, in 2004. They have two sons. In 2022, Dhanush and Aishwarya announced their separation.

## Awards and recognition 
Dhanush has won many awards, including National Awards, Filmfare Awards, and state awards. His acting is known for being natural, and he is praised for playing a wide range of roles.

Dhanush continues to be one of the most popular and successful actors in South Indian cinema.
Israeli disengagement from the Gaza Strip

In 2005, Israeli authorities unilaterally dismantled 21 Israeli settlements in the Gaza Strip and 4 Israeli settlements in the West Bank, without discussing the plan with the Palestinians.

## References
Maratha–Mysore War

The Maratha Mysore war (1682-1687) is a series of Conflicts Between the Maratha Empire under Sambhaji supported by Tanjavur Marathas and thier tributaries  Golocnda Sultanate and Keladi Kingdom and Mysore Kingdom under Chikka Dev Raya supported by Mughal Empire and Madurai Nayak Tho initially successful in repulsing Marathas at Banavar, he was later defeated at Trichinopoly he was forced to Surrender and pay tribute of 1 crore. After a few years Sambhaji invaded Mysore again in 1686 as Chikka Dev Raya failed to pay tribute and completey crushed Chikka Dev Raya and captured 120 places in Karnataka.
## Background
Sambhaji's grandfather, Shahaji, conquered territories in Karnataka, earning the title of Jagir of Bangalore from Mohammed Adil Shah, marking the Marathas' entry into Southern India. Shivaji had previously established Maratha control in the region during his campaign from 1676 to 1678. The Marathas and the Mysore kingdom were rivals, with hostilities escalating after the Marathas' failed attack on Srirangapatna in 1681. Sambhaji sought to form an alliance against the Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb, while Mysore's Chikkadevaraya allied with Aurangzeb, leading to the execution of key Maratha generals. Enraged, Sambhaji launched an attack on Mysore in June 1682, joining forces with the Qutb Shahi dynasty and the Nayakas of Ikkeri, reaching Banavar later that month.

After Chokkanatha Nayak's death, Sambhaji laid siege to the fort with 10,000 men. Using similar tactics, Maratha archers struck an ammunition depot, causing a massive explosion that breached the fort walls. The Marathas then captured the fort and sacked Tiruchirapalli. Historian Sadashiv Shivde noted this victory as a testament to Sambhaji's military intelligence. Robert Orme gives a brief account on this Invasion noting that Sambhaji didn't face any strong resistance from Mysore also noting of capture of 120 places in Karnataka by Sambhaji.
## Harji's invasion of 1687
On the order of Sambhaji, Harji Mahadik invaded Mysore in 1678, scared of the Marathas Chikka Dev Raya shut himself in the Mysore Fort. According to the Mysore sources Marathas plundered the area but gained nothing important while British and Maratha sources mentions successfully plundering of Mysore securing a huge booty and Chikka Dev Raya paying tribute to Marathas.
## References
Crunchie

**Crunchie** is a brand of chocolate bar. They are chocolate bars that have been filled with honeycomb toffee and covered in a chocolate coating. Crunchie is owned by Cadbury.

The chocolate bar was first made in 1929 by J. S. Fry & Sons in England.

The chocolate bar is advertised with the slogan "Get that Friday feeling" in the United Kingdom. Crunchie had the longest-running television advertisement in New Zealand with an advertisement called the "Crunchie Train Robbery" which was made in 1975. It won many awards.

## References 
## Other websites
*
F.C. Copenhagen

**Football Club Copenhagen**, commonly known as **FC København**, **FC Copenhagen**, **Copenhagen** or simply **FCK**, is a professional Danish football club in Copenhagen, Denmark. The club was founded in 1992, and currently play in the Danish Superliga. They have won 15 Danish Superliga titles (tied with KB) and 9 Danish Cups (the most of any team in Denmark).

## Honours
### National
* **Danish Superliga**
****Winners (15) (shared record)**: 1992–93, 2000–01, 2002–03, 2003–04, 2005–06, 2006–07, 2008–09, 2009–10, 2010–11, 2012–13, 2015–16, 2016–17, 2018–19, 2021–22, 2022–23
**Runners-up (7): 1993–94, 2001–02, 2004–05, 2011–12, 2013–14, 2014–15, 2019–20
***Danish Cup**
****Winners (9) (shared record)**: 1994–95, 1996–97, 2003–04, 2008–09, 2011–12, 2014–15, 2015–16, 2016–17, 2022–23
**Runners-up (4): 1997–98, 2001–02, 2006–07, 2013–14
***Danish League Cup**
****Winners**: 1996
**Runners-up (2): 2005, 2006
***Danish Super Cup**
****Winners (3)**: 1995, 2001, 2004
***Ørestad Cup**
****Winners (2)**: 2000, 2002
***The Atlantic Cup**
****Winners (1)**: 2014
***Runners-up* (2): 2020, 2022

### Regional
***Royal League**
****Winners** (2): 2004–05, 2005–06
**Runner-up: 2006–07

## Players
### Current squad
### Youth players in use
### Out on loan
### Captains
### FC Copenhagen All Stars
In 2014, 32,000 fans participated in a vote to select their 11 all-time favourite Copenhagen players.

## Staff
### Current technical staff
### Coaching history
*As of 13 April 2024. Only competitive matches are counted. Wins, losses and draws are results at the final whistle; the results of penalty shoot-outs are not counted.*

;Key
: Served as caretaker manager.
:† Served as caretaker manager before being appointed permanently.

## Footnotes and references
## Other websites
*
*FCKFC (official fanclub)  
**Nipserstat* – website containing statistical information about games played by FCK  (archived 14 December 2006)
*Team profile at UEFA.com
*FC Copenhagen: From pipe dream to European success
Eat-More

**Eat-More** is a brand of chocolate bar. They are chocolate bars that have been covered with dark toffee and peanuts in chocolate. Eat-More is owned by The Hershey Company.

The chocolate bar was first created sometime in the early 1900s by the Lowney Chocolate Factory in Canada. It was given the name Eat-More by New Waterford, Nova Scotia resident Angus B. MacDonald and is advertised with the slogan "A Real Long Chew".

On May 1, 1995, Hershey Canada announced that they were releasing a caramel flavour called Eat-More Caramel. They do not make Eat-More Caramel anymore.

## References 
## Other websites
*
Francesca Albanese

**Francesca Paola Albanese** (born 30 March 1977) is an Italian lawyer. She is the United Nations Special Rapporteur on the Occupied Palestinian Territory.

## References
1923-24 Austrian football championship

The **1923-24 Austrian Football Championship ** was the first organized by the Vienna Football Association and played by its members. The double-track second class served as a substructure to the first class. Other federal state associations organized state championships in different modes. The Wiener Amateur SV became Austrian football champions for the first time. Wiener AC and SC Rudolfshügel were promoted.
## Table
*  Promotionː 	Wiener AC, SC Rudolfshügel

## Matches
## Topscorer
## References
Old Scots

**Old Scots** was a northern dialect of Middle English that was spoken in parts of Scotlanduntil 1450. The northern versions of Middle English descended from the Northumbrian dialect. At the time, speakers called the language English (in Old Scots: *Ynglis* or in blackletter 𝔜𝔫𝔤𝔩𝔦𝔰).

Early examples like John Barbour’s *The Brus* and Andrew of Wyntoun’s *Chronicle* are considered to be Old Scots and are ancestors of later Scots. The name Scots was applied to the language only later, during the Mid Scots period.
The Protocols of the Elders of Zion

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***The Protocols of the Elders of Zion*** is an antisemitic forgery published in 1903. It claimed that a "Jewish plot" existed for "world domination". In 1921, British newspaper *The Times* proved that it was false. It had been plagiarized from the unrelated book *The Dialogue in Hell Between Machiavelli and Montesquieu*.

## Background
The Russian Empire promoted ***The Protocols of the Elders of Zion*** to make the Bolsheviks look bad by equating them with Jews. They accused the Jews of being a horrible group that was trying to destroy the Empire. After the White Russians lost the Russian Civil War to the Bolsheviks, some White Russian refugees brought the forgery to Europe.

## History
### Interwar period
Alfred Rosenberg, a Baltic German who became the Nazi Party's chief propagandist, used the forgery's ideas in Nazi propaganda. Barsalina, the Latin Patriarch of Jerusalem, circulated copies of the forgery's Arabic translation within his church. 

During this period, translations of *Protocols* began circulating in other countries. copy confiscated by the Basel police upon complaint by Dreyfus-Brodsky and Marcus Cohn on display in the Jewish Museum of Switzerland.]]

### Post-war period
Malcolm X, a famous Black American activist who was assassinated on February 21, 1965, believed *Protocols* was true. He introduced it to the Nation of Islam (NOI), a Black nationalist religious movement. The NOI also influenced a non-Muslim religious movement called the Black Hebrew Israelites (BHI). He also engaged in Holocaust denial by blaming Jews for having "brought it upon themselves".

NOI's popularity helped these antisemitic tropes to become more mainstream among Black Americans. A 2023 survey showed that one-eighth of Black Americans doubted whether the Holocaust really happened.

## Reception
In one of his books, – to free themselves of their responsibility.

## Related pages
* Khazar myth
* Holocaust denial
* Secondary antisemitism
* Antisemitism in the Soviet Union
* Roman Catholics and antisemitism in the 21st century

## References