open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
M48 motorway

The **M48** is a motorway in the United Kingdom. It links Gloucestershire, England with Monmouthshire, Wales over the Severn Bridge. The motorway is  long.

## Junctions
{| border=1 cellpadding=2 style="margin-left:1em; margin-bottom: 1em; color: black; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" class="wikitable"
|- align="center" bgcolor="0080d0" style="color: white;font-size:120%;"
| colspan="5" | M48 motorway
|- align="center"
! mile
| km
! Eastbound exits (B carriageway)
! Junction
! Westbound exits (A carriageway)
|- align="center"
|117.6
|189.3
| London, Bristol M4
| M4 J21 *Terminus*
| Chepstow, Services M48 *Start of motorway*
|- align="center"
|120.5
|193.9
| Avonmouth A403, Services
| J1*Services*
| Avonmouth A403, Services
|- align="center"
|121.1122.8
|194.9197.6
|*Severn Bridge Entry into England* *Wye Bridge*
|*River Severn  BorderRiver Wye*
|*Severn Bridge* *Entry into Wales* *Wye Bridge*
|- align="center"
|123.2123.4
| 198.2  198.6
| Chepstow A466 (A48) Cas – gwent
| J2
| Chepstow A466 (A48) Cas – gwent
|- align="center"
|130.2
|209.6
| *Start of motorway*  Chepstow, Services M48 Cas – gwent, Gwasanaethau
| *Terminus* M4 J23
| Newport, Cardiff M4 Casnewydd, Caerdydd
|-
|colspan=5|**Notes**
*Distances in kilometres and carriageway identifiers are obtained from driver location signs/location marker posts. Where a junction spans several hundred metres and the data is available, both the start and finish values for the junction are shown.
|-

## References
Slippery slope

The **slippery slope argument** is an argument that a small step *will* or *must* lead to a certain chain of events. The hypothetical chain of events leads to a significant (usually negative) result. So unintended consequences follow the first step in the chain of events. 

An example of this is the domino effect theory. During the Vietnam War, many people in the United States believed that if Vietnam were to unite and become communist, then the rest of Southeast Asia would eventually become communist too, unless the United States got involved in actively stopping communism.

A slippery slope argument can also be a slippery slope fallacy. Fallacies are statements that sound reasonable but are actually logically flawed or sometimes even dishonest. Whether or not a slippery slope argument is a fallacy depends on whether it becomes true *necessarily* or just in practice. In many cases it just acts as a warning, and readers have to use common sense as to its truth value. So, strictly speaking, these are fallacies only in the sense that they pretend certain consequences **will** follow, when in reality the consequences merely **may** follow.

A more specific example is the argument that:

# If I do not pass the exam, then I will not pass the class.
# If I do not pass the class, then I will not graduate college.
# If I do not graduate college, then I will not get a good job.
# If I do not get a good job, then I will live on the streets.
# If I live on the streets, then I will die young.

If any of the steps is unsound, then the whole argument is unsound. Step number 3 *may or may not* be true, but since the argument says step number 3 *will* happen, the whole argument is not sound.

## References
Fallacy of composition

A **fallacy of composition** is a fallacy where one believes that if something is true for part of something else, then it must be true for the whole. For example, if sodium (Na) and chlorine (Cl) are dangerous for humans, then table salt (NaCl) must also be dangerous for humans.

## References
M49 motorway

The **M49** is a short motorway near Bristol, England. It links the M5 south of Bristol with the M4 at the Second Severn Crossing bridge. It is mainly used by traffic on the M5 travelling north who want to use the bridge into Wales. You can only get to the motorway from other motorways. There is one junction that has been built, but there are no links to nearby roads and therefore the junction is not open to the public.

## Junctions
{| style="margin-left:1em; margin-bottom:1em; color:black; font-size:95%;" class="wikitable"
|-  style="background:#0080d0; text-align:center; color:white; font-size:120%;"
| colspan="5" | **M49 motorway junctions**
|-
!scope=col|miles
!scope=col|km
!scope=col abbr="North-west bound"|North-west bound exits (B carriageway)
!scope=col|Junction
!scope=col abbr="South-east bound"|South-east bound exits (A carriageway)
|- align="center"
|- align="center"
| rowspan="2"| 0.0
| rowspan="2"| 0.0
| Bristol, London M4(E)
| rowspan="2"| M4 J22  *terminus*
| The South West, Avonmouth M49
|- align="center"
|- align="center"
| South Wales, Cardiff, Newport M4(W)
| *Start of motorway*
|- align="center"
|rowspan="2"|5.3
|rowspan="2"|8.5
| *Start of motorway*
| rowspan="2"| *Terminus*  A4, M5  J18 & J18A
| Avonmouth, Bristol, Airport A4
|- align="center"
| South Wales, Cardiff, Newport (M4(W)) M49
| The South West, Weston-s-Mare, M5
|- align="center"
|-
|colspan=5|**Notes**
*Distances in kilometres and carriageway identifiers are obtained from driver location signs/location marker posts. Where a junction spans several hundred metres and the data is available, both the start and finish values for the junction are shown. 
*Junction 1 is under construction.
|-

## References
Karen E. Bender

**Karen E. Bender**  is an American novelist. She won a 1997 Rona Jaffe Foundation Writers' Award. She was a finalist for the 2015 National Book Award.

## Life 
She graduated from University of California, Los Angeles, and University of Iowa.

She has taught at Hollins University, University of Iowa, Tunghai University, Warren Wilson College, Chatham University, and the University of North Carolina, Wilmington.

Her work has appeared in *Granta*, *Narrative Magazine*, *Ploughshares*, *Harvard Review*, and *Guernica*.
## Works 
* *The New Order: Stories*: Berkeley, California : Counterpoint, 2018. ISBN 9781640090996 
* *Refund*, Counterpoint, 2015. ISBN 9781619026230
* *A town of empty rooms* Berkeley, CA : Counterpoint, 2013.ISBN 9781619022744
* *Like normal people* London : Picador, 2001. ISBN  9780330373807

## References 
## Other websites 
* http://karenebender.com/
* WONDERFUL STRANGENESS: AN INTERVIEW WITH KAREN E. BENDER The Fourth River, December 8, 2018
M53 motorway

The **M53**, or **Mid-Wirral Motorway**, is a motorway in North West England. It connects the A55 near Chester with the Kingsway Tunnel by Liverpool. The motorway is about  long.

## Junctions
## References
M50 motorway

**M50 motorway** may mean:
*M50 motorway (Ireland), a major road in Dublin
*M50 motorway (Great Britain), a road in the United Kingdom
*M50 motorway (Spain), Madrid third outer ring road

## Other
*M-50 (Michigan highway), a road in the United States of America
M54 motorway

The **M54** is a motorway in the West Midlands of England. It links Telford with the West Midlands conurbation. It carries on as the A5 after Telford where it links to Shrewsbury and North Wales. The motorway is about  long.

## Junctions
{|class="wikitable"
|- align="center" bgcolor="0079C1" style="color: white;font-size:120%;"
| colspan=6 | M54 motorway
|-
!scope="col"|mile
!scope="col"|km
!scope="col"| Eastbound exits (A Carriageway)
!scope="col"| Junction
!scope="col"| Westbound exits (B Carriageway)
!scope="col"| Coordinates
|- align="center"
| 0.0
| 0.0
| Birmingham, Coventry, Walsall M6
| M6 J10A
| Start of motorway
| 
|- align="center"
| 1.8
| 2.9
| Cannock A460
| J1
| Cannock A460
| 
|- align="center"
| 3.5
| 5.6
| Wolverhampton, Stafford A449
| J2
| Wolverhampton A449
| 
|- align="center"
|10.9
|17.6
|  Wolverhampton (West) A41
| J3
|  Weston, Whitchurch A41
| 
|- align="center"
|15.7
|25.3
| Telford (East) A464 Kidderminster (A442) Telford services
| J4  Services
| Telford (East) A464 Ironbridge (A442) Telford Services
| 
|- align="center"
|17.7
|28.5
| Telford (Centre) A5
| J5
| Telford (Centre) B5072
| 
|- align="center"
|19.3
|31.1
| Telford (West) A518 Whitchurch (A449) Ironbridge A5223
| J6
| Telford (West) A518
| 
|- align="center"
| rowspan="2"| 21.9
| rowspan="2"| 35.2
| Start of motorway
| rowspan="2"|J7
| Wellington B5061
| rowspan="2"| 
|- align="center"
| Wellington B5061
| Road continues as A5 to Shrewsbury
|-
|colspan=6|**Notes**
*Distances in kilometres and carriageway identifiers are obtained from driver location signs/location marker posts. Where a junction spans several hundred metres and the data is available, both the start and finish values for the junction are shown.
|-

## References
M55 motorway

The **M55**, or **Preston Northern Bypass**, is a motorway in Lancashire, England. It links Preston and the M6 with Blackpool. Many people go on holiday to Blackpool, which is why the motorway was built. The motorway is about  long.

## Junctions
## References
M45 motorway

The **M45** is a motorway in the West Midlands, England. It links the M1 with the A45 south of Rugby. The A45 then goes on into Coventry, Solihull, and Birmingham. The motorway is about  long. It is not very busy, mostly because many people use the M6 instead.

## Junctions
{| style="margin-left:1em; margin-bottom:1em; color:black; font-size:95%;" class="wikitable"
|-  style="background:#0080d0; text-align:center; color:white; font-size:120%;"
| colspan="5" | **M45 motorway junctions**
|-
!scope=col|miles
!scope=col|km
!scope=col abbr="Westbound"|Northbound exits (A&nbsp;carriageway)
!scope=col|Junction
!scope=col abbr="Eastbound"|Southbound exits (B&nbsp;carriageway)
|- style="text-align:center;"
|7.7
|12.4
| Coventry, Rugby, A45 Dunchurch B4429
| J1
| *Start of motorway*
|- style="text-align:center;"
|6.0
|9.7
| No access
|
|Daventry A45
|- style="text-align:center;"
|0.1
|0.2
| *Start of motorway* 
| M1, J17
| The south, Northampton M1
|-
|colspan=5|**Notes**
*Distances in kilometres and carriageway identifiers are obtained from driver location signs/location marker posts. Where a junction spans several hundred metres and the data is available, both the start and finish values for the junction are shown. 
|-

## References
Turk 182

***Turk 182*** is a 1985 American action comedy drama movie directed by Bob Clark and starring Robert Ulrich, Timothy Hutton, Kim Cattrall, Robert Culp, Darren McGavin, Steven Keats, Paul Sorvino, Peter Boyle. It was distributed by 20th Century Fox.

## Other websites
*
*
M57 motorway

The **M57**, also called the **Liverpool Outer Ring Road**, is a motorway in Liverpool, England. It is a ring road around the north side of Liverpool. It goes from the M62, just east of Liverpool, to the M58, just northwest of Liverpool. The motorway is about  long.

## Junctions
## References
Nurmuhammad Tohti

**Nurmuhemmet Tohti** (also **Nurmemet Tohti**,) (December 1949 – 31 May 2019) was a Uyghur writer.

He studied in Xinjiang University, from 1973 to 1977. He taught at Khoten Normal College.

He died in a Chinese 're-education' camp.

## References
M58 motorway

The **M58** is a motorway in North West England. It links Liverpool to the M6 near Wigan. The motorway is about  long.

## Junctions
## References
M61 motorway

The **M61** is a motorway in North West England. It links Manchester with the M6 and M65 near Preston and Blackburn. It also passes Bolton.

## Junctions
## References
M65 motorway

The **M65** is a motorway in Lancashire, England. It starts from the M6 near Preston, crosses the M61 before passing Blackburn and Burnley. The motorway ends in Colne, where it links onto the A56 towards Harrogate. The motorway is  long.

## Junctions
## References
M66 motorway

The **M66** is a motorway in North West England. It links Manchester and the M60 and M62 motorways to Bury. The motorway carries on as the A56, which joins onto the M65. The M66 is about  long. 

## Junctions
## References
July Rain

***July Rain*** () is a 1967 Russian drama movie directed by Marlen Khutsiev and starring Yevgenia Uralova, Aleskandr Belyavsky, Yuri Vizbor, Alexander Mitta, Alla Pokrovskaya.

## Other websites
*
Washington, Pennsylvania

**Washington** is a city in and the county seat of Washington County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 13,176 at the 2020 census.

## References
M67 motorway

The **M67** is a motorway in Greater Manchester, England. It starts from the M60 and passes through the towns of Denton and Hyde. It then carries on as the A628 towards Sheffield and Barnsley. It was first planned that the motorway would go to Sheffield through the Pennines, but this has not happened yet. The M67 is  long.

## Junctions
## References
Yule Island tree frog

The **Yule Island tree frog** (*Litoria congenita*) is a tree frog from Papua New Guinea and Indonesia.

These frogs are 35-40 mm in size from nose to rear end.  They are brown and green in color, with stripes.  They have white bellies.  Male frogs have black throats.

## References
Washington County, Pennsylvania

**Washington County** is a county located in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania. As of the 2020 census, the population was 209,349. Its county seat is Washington.

## References
M69 motorway

The **M69** is a motorway in the Midlands of England. It goes between the M6, near Coventry, and the M1, near Leicester. The motorway is about  long and first opened in 1977.

## Junctions
## References
M73 motorway

The **M73** is a motorway in Scotland. It links the M74 with the M80. It is about  long. It goes past eastern Glasgow.

## Junctions
## References
William C. Dement

**William Charles Dement** (July 29, 1928 – June 17, 2020) was an American sleep researcher. He was the founder of the Sleep Research Center at Stanford University. He was a leading psychiatrist on sleep, sleep deprivation and the diagnosis and treatment of sleep disorders such as sleep apnea and narcolepsy. 

Dement was born in Wenatchee, Washington. He died on June 17, 2020 in Stanford, California from heart disease at the age of 90.

## References
Terry Dicks

**Terence Patrick Dicks** (17 March 1937 – 17 June 2020) was a British Conservative Party politician. He was MP for the constituency of Hayes and Harlington from 1983 to his retirement in 1997. He first ran in Bristol South in 1979, but lost to Labour's Michael Cocks. 

Dicks called for the BBC soap opera EastEnders to be cancelled following a storyline involving a gay kiss between two men.

Dicks was born with cerebral palsy and called himself in the House of Commons as a "spastic." From 1999 until he retired in June 2009 Dicks was a member of Surrey County Council representing the town of Addlestone. 

Dicks died on 17 June 2020 at the age of 83.

## References
A74(M) and M74 motorways

The **A74(M)** and **M74** are two connected motorways in Scotland. They act as one motorway, usually just called the "M74". The motorway starts at the border with England. Here, the M6 motorway turns into the A74(M) motorway. The motorway connects the M6 with Glasgow and the M8. About halfway between the border with England and Glasgow, the A74(M) becomes the M74. Together, the motorways are  long.

## Junctions
## References
Arturo Chaires

**Arturo Chaires Riso** (14 March 1937 &ndash; 18 June 2020) was a Mexican football defender. He played for Mexico in the 1962 and 1966 FIFA World Cups.

Chaires died on 18 June 2020 at the age of 83.

## References
## Other websites
* 
*FIFA profile
Kossi Koudagba

**Kossi Koudagba** (2 October 1995 &ndash; 18 June 2020) was a Togolese professional footballer. He played as a striker for ASC Kara of the Togolese Championnat National and the Togo national team from 2018 until his death. He was born in Davié, Togo.

Koudagba died on 18 June 2020 at the age of 24.

## References
M80 motorway

The **M80** is a motorway in Scotland. It goes between Glasgow and Stirling. It also links the M73, M8, and M9 motorways together. The motorway is about  long. It first opened in 1974.

## Junctions
## References
Chamber of Deputies of Chile

The **Chamber of Deputies** () is the lower house of Chile's bicameral Congress. 

Deputies must: be aged at least 21; not be disqualified from voting; have finished secondary school; and have lived in the corresponding electoral district for at least two years prior to the election.

Since 2017, Chile's congress has been elected through open list proportional representation.

## Other websites
*
National Congress of Chile

The **National Congress of Chile** () is the legislative branch of the government of the Republic of Chile.

The National Congress of Chile was founded on July 4, 1811. It is a bicameral legislature made up of the Chamber of Deputies (lower house), of 155 Deputies (120 before 2017) and by the Senate (upper house), formed by 50 Senators (38 before 2017).

## Other websites
* Cámara de Diputados
* Senado
Juan Floreal Recabarren

**Juan Floreal Recabarren Rojas** (21 April 1927 &ndash; 16 June 2020) was a Chilean politician, historian and educator. He was born in Antofagasta, Chile. From 1969 to 1973, he was a Deputy. He was a member of the Christian Democratic Party. From 1964 to 1967 and again from 1990 to 1992, Recabarren was Mayor of Antofagasta.

Recabarren died of cardiac arrest in Antofagasta on 16 June 2020, aged 93.

## References
## Other websites
* Official biography
President of the Chamber of Deputies of Chile

The **President of the Chamber of Deputies of Chile** () is the highest authority of the Chamber of Deputies of Chile. The office was established in 1811 by the First National Congress of Chile.

It is third on the presidential line of succession after the Minister of the Interior and Public Security and the President of the Senate of Chile.

## List
### Presidential Republic (1990–present) 
## References
Luis Pareto González

**Luis Pareto González** (29 August 1928 &ndash; 7 January 2022) was a Chilean politician. He was born in Santiago de Chile. He was a member of the Christian Democrat Party of Chile. He was the President of the Chamber of Deputies of Chile from 23 May 1973 until the coup d'état on 11 September of that year and between March 2001 and March 2002. 

Pareto González died on 7 January 2022 from problems caused by a stroke in Santiago de Chile, aged 93.

## References
Jorge Molina Valdivieso

**Jorge Molina Valdivieso** (born 16 February 1932) is a Chilean politician. He was President of the Chamber of Deputies from 1993 to 1994. He was a member of the Chamber of Deputies, representing District 12 of the Valparaíso Region from 1990 to 1994.

## References
Diego Paulsen

**Diego Alfredo Paulsen Kehr** (born 1 August 1987) is a politician. In April 2020, he became the President of the Chamber of Deputies of Chile In 2014, he became a member of the Chamber of Deputies, representing District 22 of Araucanía.

## References
President of the Senate of Chile

The **President of the Senate of Chile** is the highest authority of the Senate of Chile. The position comes after the Ministers of State in the line of succession of the President of Chile.

The President of the Senate receives no special treatment in the sessions of Senate. However, in the official communications the President holds the title of *Excelencia* ("Excellency"). He or she is elected, from the body of current Senators.

## List
## References
Adriana Muñoz D'Albora

'''Adriana Blanca Cristina Muñoz D'Albora''' (born 25 September 1948) is a Chilean politician and sociologist. She is a member of the Party for Democracy. Muñoz D'Albora was born in Santiago de Chile. In March 2020, she was elected President of the Senate of Chile.

Briefly between 2002 and 2003, she was President of the Chamber of Deputies of Chile. From 1990 to 1994 and 1998 to 2014, she was a member of the Chamber of Deputies of Chile. In 2014, she was elected Senator.

## References
Andrés Zaldívar

**José Andrés Rafael Zaldívar Larraín**, (born March 18, 1936) popularly known as *El Chico Zaldívar* ("Short Zaldívar"), is a Chilean Christian Democrat politician. He was born in Santiago de Chile. He unsuccessfully ran for President of Chile in the 1999–2000 election. Between 2017 and 2018, he was President of the Senate.

## References
Isabel Allende (politician)

**Isabel Allende Bussi** (, , ; born 18 January 1945) is a Chilean Socialist Party politician. She is the daughter of former president of Chile Salvador Allende.

From 1994 to 2010, she was a deputy and in March 2010, she became a Senator for the Atacama Region. 

On 28 February 2014, Allende was selected as President of the Senate of Chile, as of 11 March 2014, making her the first woman president of the body in Chilean history.

## References
Isabel Allende

**Isabel Allende** (; born August 2, 1942) is a Chilean-American writer. Allende is known for novels such as *The House of the Spirits* (*La casa de los espíritus*, 1982) and *City of the Beasts* (*La ciudad de las bestias*, 2002).

Allende has been called "the world's most widely read Spanish-language author." 

In 2004, Allende was added into the American Academy of Arts and Letters, and in 2010, she received Chile's National Literature Prize. 

President Barack Obama awarded her the 2014 Presidential Medal of Freedom.

Her father was a first cousin of Salvador Allende, President of Chile from 1970 to 1973.

## References
COVID-19 pandemic in Mongolia

The COVID-19 pandemic was confirmed to have spread to Mongolia when its first case was confirmed in a French male who traveled from Moscow to Dornogovi on 10 March 2020.

On 10 March, Deputy Prime Minister Ölziisaikhany Enkhtüvshin announced that a French national arriving in Ulaanbaatar via a flight from Moscow was the first confirmed COVID-19 case in the country.

That same day, Onom Foundation protested that Mongolia only has 160 ventilators (1 per 20,000 compared to America's 1 per 2,000).

## References
Punsalmaagiin Ochirbat

**Punsalmaagiin Ochirbat** (; January 23, 1942 &ndash; January 17, 2025) was a Mongolian politician. He was the first President of Mongolia from 1990 to 1997.

Ochirbat died on 17 January 2025 in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia at the age of 82.

## References
Heart Like a Wheel (movie)

***Heart Like a Wheel*** is a 1983 American biographical romantic drama movie directed by Jonathan Kaplan and stars Bonnie Bedelia, Beau Bridges, Hoyt Axton, Leo Rossi, Anthony Edwards, Bill McKinney. It was distributed by 20th Century Fox and was nominated for an Academy Award in 1984.

## Other websites
*
*
John Bredenkamp

**John Arnold Bredenkamp** (11 August 1940 – 18 June 2020) was a Zimbabwean businessman and rugby union player. He founded the Casalee Group. He died on 18 June 2020 from kidney failure at the age of 79.

## References
President of Mongolia

The **President of Mongolia** (, *Mongol Ulsyn Yerönkhiilögch*) is the Executive Head of state of Mongolia.

The current incumbent is Ukhnaagiin Khürelsükh.

The Constitution of Mongolia adopted in 1992 states that the President of Mongolia is the "head of state and embodiment of the unity of the Mongolian people".

Mongolia declared its independence from the Qing dynasty in 1911, under the Bogd Khan (the 8th Jebtsundamba Khutuktu). From 1911 to 1924, the head of state of Mongolia was nominally the Bogd Khan. During 1924 to 1992, during the Mongolian People's Republic, the official title of the head of state underwent several changes, including **Chairman of the State Great Khural**, **Chairman of the Presidium of the State Little Khural**, **Chairman of the Presidium of the State Great Khural**, and finally, '''Chairman of the Presidium of the People's Great Khural'''.

## List of presidents 
## References
Outland (movie)

***Outland*** is a 1981 British science fiction action movie directed by Peter Hyams and starring Sean Connery, Peter Boyle, Frances Sternhagen, James Sikking, Kika Markham, Steven Berkoff, John Ratzenberger, Sharon Duce, Angus MacInnes, and Angelique Rockas. It was distributed by Warner Bros. and was nominated for an Academy Award in 1982.

## Other websites
* 
* 
*
Nambaryn Enkhbayar

**Nambaryn Enkhbayar** (; born June 1, 1958) is a Mongolian politician. He was the Prime Minister of Mongolia from 2000 to 2004. He was the 3rd President of Mongolia from 2005 to 2009. He is the first person to have held all of the top three positions in the Mongolian government. 

He was the chairman of the Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party from 1997 to 2005.

## References
Ukhnaagiin Khürelsükh

**Ukhnaagiin Khurelsukh** (, born 14 June 1968) is a Mongolian politician. In October 2017 he became the Prime Minister of Mongolia, he was Prime Minister until January 2021. He became the President of Mongolia in June 2021. He was elected to the Parliament of Mongolia three times – in 2000, 2004 and 2012.

## References
Dumaagiin Sodnom

**Dumaagiin Sodnom** (; born 14 July 1933) is a Mongolian politician. He was Mongolia's 13th Prime Minister from 1984 to 1990.

## References
Sharavyn Gungaadorj

**Sharavyn Gungaadorj** (; born 2 May 1935) is a Mongolian politician. He was the 14th Prime Minister of Mongolia (Chairman of the Council of Ministers) from March 21 to September 11, 1990.

## References
COVID-19 pandemic in Guinea-Bissau

The COVID-19 pandemic was confirmed to have reached Guinea-Bissau in March 2020.

On 25 March, Guinea-Bissau confirmed its first two COVID-19 cases, a Congolese U.N. employee and an Indian citizen.

On 29 April, the Prime Minister Nuno Gomes Nabiam, Interior Minister Botche Candé, Secretary of State for Public Order Mario Fambé, and Secretary of State for Regional Integration Monica Buaro da Costa had tested positive for the coronavirus.

## References
Nuno Gomes Nabiam

**Nuno Gomes Nabiam** (born 17 November 1966) is a Bissau-Guinean politician. He was the Prime Minister of Guinea-Bissau from 28 February 2020 to 8 August 2023. 

On 29 April 2020, he and three ministers tested positive for COVID-19.

## References
Umaro Sissoco Embaló

**Umaro Mokhtar Sissoco Embaló** (born 23 September 1972) is a politician. He was the President of Guinea-Bissau from February 2020 until November 2025. He is a political scientist and military officer. He was prime minister between 18 November 2016 and 16 January 2018.

In February 2022, a failed coup d'état that killed six people tried to remove Embaló from power.

Embaló ran again for a second presidential term in the 2025 election on 23 November. Both he and Fernando Dias da Costa claimed victory the next day while official results were yet to be released. On 26 November, Embaló was arrested in a coup d'état carried out by the army chief of staff.

## Notes
## References
Teyonah Parris

**Teyonah Parris** (born September 22, 1987) is an American actress. She began her career playing a recurring role as Dawn Chambers in the AMC drama series, *Mad Men* (2012–15). She played the first major African American character on *Mad Men*.

In 2015, Parris starred in the satirical drama movie *Chi-Raq* directed by Spike Lee.

## References
## Other websites
*
Hopkins, South Carolina

**Hopkins** is a census-designated place (CDP) in Richland County, South Carolina, United States. It is located  southeast of downtown Columbia and is part of the Columbia Metropolitan Statistical Area. As of the 2020 census, the population of the Hopkins CDP was 2,514.

## References
Sergei Khrushchev

**Sergei Nikitich Khrushchev** (, July 2, 1935 &ndash; June 18, 2020) was a Russian-American engineer. He was the son of former Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev. 

Khrushchev worked in many high-level engineering positions.  From 1968 to 1991, he worked at the Control Computer Institute in Moscow. 

From the years 1958 to 1968, Khrushchev worked as an engineer, then later as a deputy section head in charge of guidance systems for missile and space design. 

He was an advisor to the Cold War Museum. He was a Senior Fellow at the Watson Institute for International and Public Affairs at Brown University.

In July 1999, he became a naturalized American citizen.

Khrushchev shot himself on June 18, 2020 at his Cranston, Rhode Island home at the age of 84.

## References
National Highways

**National Highways**, formerly **Highways England**, and, prior to that, the **Highways Agency**, is a company owned by the British government. It is in charge of looking after the motorways and large A-roads in England. They also have traffic officers who deal with incidents, such as car accidents, on the motorways. It replaced the Highways Agency in 2015.

## References
Prime Minister of Mongolia

The **Prime Minister of Mongolia** (, *Mongol Ulsyn Yerönkhii Said*) is the head of government, and heads the Mongolian cabinet.

The Prime Minister is appointed by the President of Mongolia, and can be removed by the State Great Hural with a vote of no confidence.

The incumbent prime minister is Gombojavyn Zandanshatar, since 2025.

## List
(Dates in italics indicate *de facto* continuation of office)

## References
Xie Yimin

**Xie Yimin** (謝依旻) (born 16 November 1989) is a Taiwanese female professional Go player at Nihon Ki-in, Japan. She has obtained more than 25 female titles in her career.==
The following tables are the summary of her achievements in career.

## References
## Other websites
* Official profile
*
*
Juneteenth

and Vice President Kamala Harris after making Juneteenth a federal holiday in 2021]]

**Juneteenth** (full name **Juneteenth National Independence Day**, also known as **Freedom Day**, **Jubilee Day**, and **Liberation Day**) is a holiday in the United States on June 19. It is a memory of June 19, 1865, when the slaves in Texas got their freedom and commemorates the end of slavery in the United States. The name *Juneteenth* is a short form of *June nineteenth*. It became a recognized federal holiday in June 2021 when President Joe Biden signed the Juneteenth National Independence Day Act into law.

The first celebration of Juneteenth was in 1866. Over the years, it was sometimes more popular, and sometimes less popular. Texas was the first state to make it an official holiday in 1979. After George Floyd was killed in 2020, many people wanted to show their support for black rights.

On Juneteenth, Americans do these things:
* Hold parades
* Eat barbeque
* Bake desserts, such as cakes and cookies
## Pictures

File:Juneteenth Celebration at Emancipation Park, 1880.png|African Americans on Juneteenth in Houston, Texas, 1880
File:Emancipation Day celebration - 1900-06-19.jpg|Old African Americans on Juneteenth in Texas, 1900
File:US Navy 060617-N-3271W-004 Reserve Deputy Commander, Commander Navy Installations, Rear Adm. Julius Caesar, speak to youths as they prepare to march in the annual Juneteenth Festival.jpg|A rear Admiral of the United States Navy speaks to young people who are preparing the Juneteenth march in San Francisco, 2006
File:Governor Wolf Declares “Juneteenth National Freedom Day” in Pennsylvania.jpg|Governor Tom Wolf of Pennsylvania makes June 19 to "Juneteenth National Freedom Day"

## Related pages
* Opal Lee

## Sources
Rina Fujisawa

**Rina Fujisawa** (藤沢里菜) is a Japanese female professional Go player at Nihon Ki-in. She is the granddaughter of Hideyuki Fujisawa.
## Achievements
She has obtained more than 10 titles in her career. The following table is the summary of her achievements.

## References
* Official profile
*
Bobinogs

***Bobinogs*** (original Welsh title: ***Bobinogi***) is a British children's television programme that aired on CBeebies. It was first shown in Kent at The Romney Marsh Visitor Centre, then the rest of the United Kingdom in February 2003. At first, the main characters (Ogi, Bobin and Nib) lived in the Romney Marsh Visitor Centre in a shape of a blue bobble hat and were born in April 1940 and then with a child named Owen (played by David Bursey), and were inanimate without him. Owen was later removed from the series so the characters were always shown living.

The three main characters play in a band. They try to solve a problem in most episodes. In the episode, they find a clue to solve it by looking through their "Bobinoculars", which show video footage from the real world. A song about the problem is played at the end of the episode.

## Characters
### Main characters
* **Owen** (played by David Pursey)
* **Ogi** (voiced by Martyn Ellis)
* **Bobin** (voiced by Dionne Morgan)
* **Nib** (voiced by Michelle McTernan)
* **Lily the Cheetah** (voiced by Michelle McTernan)

### Other characters
* **Mamgu Bobknot** (voiced by Olwen Rees)
* **Olly Mindybob** (voiced by Martyn Ellis)
* **Robina** (voiced by Dionne Morgan)
* **Molly Mindybob** (voiced by Olwen Rees)
* **Fireman Prout** (voiced by Martyn Ellis)
* **Nibbin** (voiced by Michelle McTernan)
* **Phil the Shelf** (voiced by Martyn Ellis)
* **Cyril the Dragon** (voiced by Martyn Ellis)
* **Brenda the Bus** (voiced by Dionne Morgan)
* **Nogdog** (voiced by Martyn Ellis and Morgan Hopkins)

## Other websites
* 
* CBeebies - *Bobinogs* at bbc.co.uk
Rui Naiwei

**Rui Naiwei** (芮迺偉) is a Chinese professional Go player active in South Korea. She is one of the strongest female Go players, and is the only woman to have won one of the major open Go titles. She also represented China in the 2010 Asian Games.
## Achievements
## Notes
With God, all things are possible

**With God, all things are possible** is the motto of the U.S. state of Ohio. It is the only state motto taken from the Bible.

## References
Albert Vitali

**Albert Vitali** (26 June 1955 – 12 June 2020) was a Swiss FDP politician. He was born in Oberkirch, Switzerland. From 2011 until his death, National Council. Before from 1995 to 2011, he was a member of the Lucerne parliament.

Vitali died on 12 June 2020 from cancer, aged 64.

## References
## Other websites
*
Cooloola sedge frog

The **Cooloola sedge frog** or **Cooloola tree frog** (*Litoria cooloolensis*) is a small frog from eastern Australia. It lives in Queensland and on Fraser Island and North Stradbroke Island.

They are 3.0 cm long from nose to rear end  They are green and brown with brown spots.  Some of them have stripes to their eyes.  The pupils of their eyes are sideways and open up and down.  There is a little webbing on the front legs and more webbing on the hind legs.

These frogs live in lakes and streams near the ocean.  They prefer bodies of water with lots of reeds.

They lay eggs on underwater plants. The tadpoles are gold with brown spots.  They can grow to 5.5 cm long.

These frogs are endangered because human beings build things in the places where they live, because humans visit the lakes where they like to lay their legs, and because humans use up the water from the lakes and streams where they live.

## References
Tsakhiagiin Elbegdorj

**Tsakhiagiin Elbegdorj** (, *Cahiagín Elbegdorj* ; also referred to as **Mongolyin Tsakhiagiin Elbegdorj** and **Tsakhia Elbegdorj**; born 30 March 1963) is a Mongolian politician and activist. He was President of Mongolia from 2009 to 2017. He previously was Prime Minister in 1998 and again from 2004 to 2006.

## References
Corinne Kimball

**Corinne Kimball** (25 December 1873 in Boston - 1937) was an American actress and singer. She was also a child actress. Her mother Jennie Kimball was an actor and theater manager.

## References
The Crazy World of Julius Vrooder

***The Crazy World of Julius Vrooder*** is a 1974 American drama movie directed by Arthur Hiller and starring Timothy Bottoms, Barbara Hershey, George Marshall, Lawrence Pressman. It was distributed by 20th Century Fox.

## Other websites
* 
*
The Committee on Credentials

***The Committee on Credentials*** is a 1916 American silent western movie directed by George Marshall and starring Harry Carey, George Berrell, Neal Hart, Joe Rickson, Olive Carey. It was distributed by Universal Pictures.

## Other websites
*
Ely Culbertson

**Ely Culbertson** (July 22, 1891 – December 27, 1955) was an American contract bridge player, entrepreneur and personality. He was the dominant figure in the game in the 1930s. He played and publicized the new game. He was a great showman, and was widely regarded as "the man who made contract bridge". He became rich, was highly extravagant, and lost and gained fortunes several times over.

, referee Col. GGJ Walshe, Josephine Culbertson, Pops Beasley.]]

Culbertson was a brilliant publicist; he played several famous challenge matches and won them all. Two were played in the U.S., against teams led by Sidney Lenz in 1931–32 (the so-called "Bridge Battle of the Century") and by P. Hal Sims in 1935, the latter between the married couples Culbertson and Sims. 

Four team matches were played in London. These matches had  big publicity in newspapers, on radio and on cinema newsreels. The hands became the subject of intense discussion on bidding methods.

Culbertson was finally beaten in Budapest, June 1937, in the final match of the first world championship teams tournament, by the 6-man Austria team led by Dr. Paul Stern. It was his last appearance in a tournament or match.

Culbertson founded and edited *The Bridge World* magazine, which is still published today, and wrote many newspaper articles and books on bridge. He owned the first firm of playing card manufacturers to develop plastic cards, Kem Cards, and developed and owned a chain of bridge schools with teachers qualified in the Culbertson bidding system. He continued to play high-stakes rubber bridge for many years, but gave up tournament and match competition in 1938 to write and work for world peace.

Anglo-American matches after World War II, of which there were a number, did not involve Culbertson.

## References
Emily Michot

**Emily Michot** is an American journalist. She won a Sidney Award, Goldsmith Prize for Investigative Reporting, Esserman-Knight Journalism Prize, and the 2019 Anthony Shadid Award.

She is a videographer for the *Miami Herald*. She has been nominated for the Pulitzer Prize.

## References
Ekaterina Zubacheva

**Ekaterina Zubacheva** (born 2 April 1982) is a Russian water polo player. She played for the Russian women's national water polo team in the 2007 World Aquatics Championships and 2015 World Aquatics Championships.

## References
Gemma Hadley

**Gemma Hadley** is an Australian water polo player and coach. She played for the Australian women's national water polo team in the 2006 Commonwealth Games and 2007 World Aquatics Championships.

She coached for School Sport WA Girls Water Polo.

## References 
## Other websites 
* 2006 - Water Polo - Commonwealth Championships, Perth 
*Gemma Hadley of Australia (R) looks to pass , zimbio
Yellow-spotted tree frog

**Yellow-spotted tree frog** is a common name for several frogs and may refer to:

**Boana albopunctata*, native to South America
**Leptopelis flavomaculatus*, native to eastern and southern Africa
**Litoria castanea*, native to southeastern Australia
Natsagiin Bagabandi

**Natsagiin Bagabandi** (; born April 22, 1950) is a Mongolian politician. He is the Director of Oyu Tolgoi LLC. He was the 2nd President of Mongolia from 1997 to 2005. He is a member of the Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party.

## References
Chen Yuan

**Chen Yuan** (born 7 September 1989) is a Chinese water polo player. She played for the China women's national water polo team in the 2011 World Aquatics Championships.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Yuan Chen of China is blocked by Kimberley Schmidt of South Africa zimbio
Carmen Eggens

**Carmen Eggens** is a Canadian water polo player. She played for the Canadian women's national water polo team in the 2009 World Aquatics Championships, 2013 World Aquatics Championships, 2015 World Aquatics Championships, and 2015 Pan American Games.

She played for University of Hawaii's women's water polo team.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Carmen Eggens competing for the Canadian Senior Women's water polo team  montrealgazette.com
M77 motorway

The **M77** is a motorway in Scotland. It goes from the M8 in Glasgow to Fenwick. It then carries on as the A77 into Dumfries and Galloway. The motorway is about  long.

## Junctions
## References
M180 motorway

The **M180** is a motorway in England. It connects the M18 with Scunthorpe (through the M181) and Grimsby (through the A180). The motorway first opened in 1977. It is about  long.

## Junctions
## References
M181 motorway

The **M181** is a short motorway in Lincolnshire, England. It links the M180 with Scunthorpe. The road goes in a nearly straight line from the M180 into Scunthorpe. It is about  long. It opened in December 1978.

## Junctions
## References
Copland's rock frog

'''Copland's rock frog**, **saxicoline tree frog**, **sandstone frog**, **rocky river frog** or **rock frog'* (*Litoria coplandi'') It lives in Western Australia and the Northern Territory.

This frog lives near rocky cliffs and steep slopes with large amounts of loose rock.  During the day, it hides in caves or cracks in the rocks.  At night, it looks for food near small streams. 

These frogs are 4 cm from nose to rear end.  They are light brown with darker brown marks.  Their front feet are not webbed.  Their hind feet are webbed.  These frogs are strong climbers and light enough to skip across the surface of the water like a skipping stone.

They lay eggs one at a time or a few at a time in small pools or streams where the water moves slowly.  The eggs sink to the bottom.  The tadpoles hatch after 52 days. 

## References
M275 motorway

The **M275** is a short motorway in Hampshire, England. It links the M27 with Portsmouth, through the A3. The M275 is not owned by Highways England like most motorways in England. It is owned by Portsmouth's city council. The motorway is about  long.

## Junctions
## References
M271 motorway

The **M271** is a short motorway in Hampshire, England. It links the M27 with Southampton. The motorway carries on for a short while north from the M27 and ends on the A3057.

## Junctions
## References
Mikhail Ignatyev (politician)

**Mikhail Vasilyevich Ignatyev** (, *Mihal Vaślin yvӑl Jӑkӑnatjev*; ) (8 January 1962 – 18 June 2020) was a Chuvash politician. In 2010, he became the Head of the Chuvash Republic. On 29 January 2020, Russian President Vladimir Putin fired Ignatyev and replaced him with Oleg Nikolayev as acting head. 

Ignatyev died on 18 June 2020 after being hospitalized with COVID-19 in Saint Petersburg, Russia, aged 58.

## References
Nicolas Joel

**Nicolas Joel**, or **Joël**, (6 February 1953 &ndash; 18 June 2020) was a French opera director and administrator of opera houses. He was general manager of the Théâtre du Capitole de Toulouse from 1990 to 2009 and of the Paris Opera from 2009 to 2014. He directed operas internationally. He was born in Paris.

Joel was honored as a chevalier (knight) of the Legion of Honour in 2004 and became an officer in 2014.

Joel died on 18 June 2020 from problems caused by a stroke in Paris, aged 67.

## References
Carlos Ruiz Zafón

**Carlos Ruiz Zafón** (; 25 September 1964 – 19 June 2020) was a Spanish novelist. He was best known for his 2001 novel *La sombra del viento* (*The Shadow of the Wind*). His next novel was published in English in July 2012 as *The Prisoner of Heaven*.

On 19 June 2020, Zafón died of colorectal cancer, in Santa Monica, California at the age of 55.

## References
M90 motorway

The **M90** is a motorway in Scotland. It runs from the M9 near Edinburgh to Perth. It then carries on as the A90, towards Dundee and Aberdeen, and the A9, towards Inverness. The motorway is about  long. It is the main road that links Edinburgh and Glasgow with the north of Scotland.

## Junctions
## References
Vidyaben Shah

**Vidyaben Shah ** (7 November 1922 &ndash; 19 June 2020) was an Indian social worker and activist. She was known for her works about children, women and the elderly rights in India. She was appointed the first non-officio President of the New Delhi Municipal Council (NDMC) by Prime Minister Indira Gandhi in 1975. She also led peace marches from area to area at the outbreak of arson and riots in Delhi following the assassination of Indira Gandhi. She was born in Jetpur, Kathiawar.

Shah died on 19 June 2020 in Gujarat at the age of 97.

## References
Astrid Gjertsen

**Astrid Gjertsen** (14 September 1928 – 17 June 2020) was a Danish-born Norwegian politician. She was born in Horsens, Denmark.

She was a member of the Norwegian Parliament from 1969 to 1989. Gjertsen was a member of the Conservative Party. From 1981 to 1986, she was the Minister of Consumer Affairs and Administration under the Kåre Willoch cabinet, but resigned and was later convicted for tax fraud. 

Gjertsen died on 17 June 2020 in Bærum, Norway at the age of 91.

## References
M602 motorway

The **M602** is a short motorway in Greater Manchester, England. It links the M60 and M62 motorways from the west to Salford and Manchester. It also passes Eccles. The motorway is about  long. It is used by traffic from the M62 to the west as a straight route into Manchester. The motorway was going to be part of a new motorway, the M52, but this was never built.

## Junctions
## References
M606 motorway

The **M606**, also called the **Bradford South Radial Motorway**, is a short motorway in West Yorkshire, England. It links Bradford with the M62. It is about  long.

## Junctions
## References
M621 motorway

The **M621** is a motorway in West Yorkshire, England. It starts from the M62 and travells east past Leeds before ending at the M1, east of Leeds. It connects Leeds to the M62 and M1 motorways, and also is a shortcut between the M1 and M62.

## Junctions
## References
Darlington's Madang tree frog

'''Darlington's Madang tree frog'* (*Litoria darlingtoni'') is a tree frog from New Guinea.

These frogs can grow to 60 mm long from nose to rear end.  They have been found between 1400 and 1680 meters above sea level.

## References
M876 motorway

The **M876** is a motorway near Stirling and Falkirk, Scotland. It links the M80 and M9 motorways just north of Falkirk. It then carries on and ends near the Kincardine and Clackmannanshire bridges, where the motorway carries on as the A876 and A985. The motorway is  long.

## Junctions
## References
M898 motorway

The **M898** is a motorway in the United Kingdom. It is about  long. It runs from the M8 in Renfrewshire, Scotland to Erskine, where it becomes the A898. The A898 leads to the Erskine Bridge, which crosses the River Clyde into West Dunbartonshire.

## Junctions
## References
Yulia Gaufler

**Yulia Gaufler** is a Russian water polo player. She played for the Russian women's national water polo team in the 2006 Women's European Water Polo Championship, 2010 Women's European Water Polo Championship, 2006 FINA Women's Water Polo World Cup, 2007 World Aquatics Championships, 2009 World Aquatics Championships, and 2011 World Aquatics Championships.

## References 
## Other websites
Lea Yanitsas

**Lea Barta Yanitsas** (born 15 March 1989) is an Australian water polo player. She played for the Australian women's national water polo team in the 2013 World Aquatics Championships,  2015 World Aquatics Championships, 2017 World Aquatics Championships, and 2019 World Aquatics Championships.

## References
Kris Pearn

**Kris Pearn** is an American movie director, voice actor, storyboard artist, writer and animator. He is best known for directing *Cloudy with a Chance of Meatballs 2* with Cody Cameron and *The Willoughbys* with Rob Lodermeier.

## Other websites 
*
Ibolya Kitti Miskolczi

**Ibolya Kitti Miskolczi** (born 8 September 1994) is a Hungarian water polo player. She played for the Hungarian women's national water polo team in the 2010 U17 European Championships, 2011 U17 European Championships, 2013 Women’s World Water Polo League, and 2013 World Aquatics Championships, and 2018 European Aquatics Championships.

On the club level, she played for Szentes.

## References 
## Other websites 
* ibolya kitti miskolczi , getty
* ibolya-kitti-miskolczi  lentrophy.com
Gabrielle Stone

**Gabrielle Stone** (born 1994) is an American water polo player. She played for the United States women's national water polo team. She participated at the 2017 Summer Universiade, 2017 FINA Women's Water Polo World League, 2017 World Aquatics Championships, and 2018 FINA Women's Water Polo World League.

## References