open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Can't Stop Lovin' You (Aerosmith song)

"'''Can't Stop Lovin' You'*" is a 2013 song by Aerosmith featuring Carrie Underwood. It is the fourth and final single from their 15th studio album *Music from Another Dimension!'' and was released as a single to adult contemporary radio stations in April 2013.

## References
Jugband Blues

"**Jugband Blues**" is a 1968 song by Pink Floyd. It was taken from their second studio album *A Saucerful of Secrets*. It was written by Syd Barnett. It was his last contribution with the band before his dismissal in 1968.

The promo video was filmed in December 1967. The original was lost until it was rediscovered in 1999.
Disability-adjusted life year

**Disability-adjusted life years** (**DALYs**) are a way of measuring the effects of diseases. They are calculated as the number of years lost due to ill-health, disability, or early death. The measure was developed in the 1990s as a way of comparing the overall health and life expectancy of different countries.

DALYs are used in the field of public health and health impact assessment. They include the potential years of life lost due to premature death and years of healthy life lost by virtue of being in states of poor health or disability. In so doing, mortality and morbidity are combined into a single figure.

## Calculation 
Disability-adjusted life years are related to the quality-adjusted life year (QALY) measure; however, QALYs only measure the benefit with and without medical intervention and therefore do not measure the total burden. Also, QALYs tend to be an individual measure and not a measure of the whole population.

The most appropriate measure of the effects of chronic illness is time, both time lost due to premature death and time spent disabled by disease. One DALY, therefore, is equal to one year of healthy life lost.

How much a medical condition affects a person is called the disability weight (DW). This is determined by disease or disability and does not vary with age. Tables have been created of thousands of diseases and disabilities, ranging from Alzheimer's disease to loss of fingers, with the disability weight meant to indicate the level of disability that results from the specific condition.

Examples of the disability weight are shown. Some of these are "short term", and the long-term weights may be different.

## References
Sea of Thieves

***Sea of Thieves*** is an action-adventure video game. It was published by Xbox Game Studios and was developed by Rare. The game was first released on 20 March 2018 for Windows and Xbox One. It was also later released on 30 April 2024 for the PlayStation 5.

In the game, players play as pirates and travel the open seas. The player can choose what they want to do in the game and create their own adventure, such as search for treasure and battle other players and NPCs.

## Reception
When the game first came out, it recieved mixed reviews from game critics. Critics said that they liked the graphics, physics, and multiplayer aspects of the game but because of the lack of content, it shouldn't have been a full price release. The game would receive more positive reviews after updates and patches for the game over the years.

The game has also won many awards. Among the awards won, it has won both Best Xbox One Game and Best Multiplayer Game at 2016 Gamescom and Evolving Game at the 17th British Academy Games Awards. It was also nominated for Best Multiplayer Game at The Game Awards in 2018 but lost to *Fortnite*.

## References
## Other websites
*
Alessandro Michieletto

**Alessandro Michieletto** (born in Desenzano del Garda, Italy, 5 December 2001) is an Italian volleyball player. He is a member of Italy's national volleyball team and plays as a hitter for the Italian club Trentino Volley.

## Biography
He is the son of the former volleyball player Riccardo Michieletto. His mother Eleonora used to play basketball. He has two sisters, Francesca and Annalisa, who are both volleyball players, and a brother, Andrea.

## Career
### Clubs
Alessandro Michieletto started his volleyball career as a libero  in the youth level. He began playing for Trentino Volley in the 2015-16 season, competing in the Serie D championship. In the following two seasons, he played in Serie C with the same club. In the 2018-19 season, he moved up to Serie B and also made some appearances for the first team during the CEV Cup, facing Amriswil. In the 2019-20 season, he played in Serie A3 with Trentino Volley’s second team and made his debut for the first team in the Superlega. and an Italian league title.

### Italy's national team
Michieletto has represented Italy in various age categories. He played for the Under-17 and Under-18 national teams. He won a bronze medal at the European Championship with the Under-18 team. In 2019, he was part of the Under-19 team that won gold at both the 15th European Youth Olympic Festival and the World Championship. In 2020, he won silver at the European Championship with the Under-20 team and was named the tournament’s Most Valuable Player. The following year, he won gold at the World Championship with the Under-21 team and was again awarded the Most Valuable Player title.

In 2021, he received his first call-up to the senior Italian team. In the same year, he participated in the 32nd Olympic Games in Tokyo. He won the gold medal at the European Championship, where he was awarded as the best hitter. In 2022, he won gold at the World Championship. In 2023, he won silver at the European Championship.

## Achievements
### Clubs
* Italian Championship: 1 (2022-23)
* Italian Supercup: 1 (2021)

### Italy's national team (youth competitions)
* European Championship Under-18: 2018
* European Youth Olympic Festival: 2019
* World Championship Under-19: 2019
* European Championship Under-20: 2020
* World Championship Under-21: 2021
* Memorial Hubert Wagner: 2023

### Italy's national team (senior competitions)
* European Championship: 2021
* World Championship: 2022
* European Championship (silver medal): 2023

### Individual Awards
* 2020 - European Championship Under-20: Most Valuable Player
* 2021 - European Championship: Best hitter
* 2021 - World Championship Under-21: Most Valuable Player
* 2021 - Club World Championship: Best hitter
* 2022 - Club World Championship: Best hitter
* 2023 - Memorial Hubert Wagner: Best receiver 

## Honors
* 2021 - Knight of the Order of Merit of the Italian Republic 
* 2022 - Golden Collar for Sporting Merit 

## References
Pear switch

A **pear switch**  is a particular type of electrical switch that usually has the appearance of a small pear. Its operation is very simple, with a button that, depending on the type, is pressed to activate or deactivate a circuit or is simply pressed like a pushbutton, for example in photographic enlarger switches. 

It is characterized by its form and function. Unlike conventional switches that are fixed to the wall, the pear switch is suspended from the cable. By pressing the pear, the electrical contacts are joined, closing the circuit. Its most common use is for hanging lamps, headboards,  bedside tables  or generally in situations where you do not want to mount the switch on the wall. 

## Description 
It is pear-shaped, oval or spherical, made of wood or plastic, which is connected to a mechanism that has a spring with an electrical contact. It is an automatic mechanism with a spring, similar to a push button but taking into account that there is a model that is bistable and returns the switch to its default position after pressing twice, changing the initial condition of the electrical circuit or restaurant, connecting or blocking the circulation of current in said electrical circuit. 

## Models 
There are two kinds:

* **Switch/commutator**: similar to a push button but it is a model that is bistable and returns the switch to its default position after pressing twice, changes the initial condition of the circuit or restores it and keeps the circuit electrically connected to maintain the electrical state current. In all cases, pressing the button again returns it to its initial position. (Examples: bed head switches, bedside lamp switches,  photographic enlarger switches  )
* **Pushbutton** - is a momentary or latching switch that causes a temporary change in the state of an electrical circuit only while the switch is physically actuated . It allows electricity to flow between its two contacts when held. When the button is released, the circuit opens. This type of switch is also known as a normally open (NO) switch . Examples: bell at the head of the bed in old houses. 

## References 
## Bibliography 
* 

## Other websites 
*
Arnold Dix

**Arnold Dix** is an Australian professor, underground expert, the president of the International Tunneling and Underground Space Association. He lives in Monbulk, Australia.

Dix was part of the Uttarkashi rescue, where 41 workers were trapped nearly 200 feet below the surface His father who was a salesman for used cars emigrated from New Zealand while his mother was a graduate of Melbourne’s Emily McPherson College of Domestic Economy. Eventually, his parents became publicans, causing them to move a lot between Melbourne, Benalla and Jindabyne. He graduated from Melbourne's Monash University with a degree in science and law.

## Career 
Dix is a registered barrister at the High Court of Australia and is also a senior counsel at the White & Case legal firm. He also a visiting professor of Engineering at the Tokyo City University.

He is also an underground work expert. His interest in this field was inspired during the September 11 attacks, after Dix went to New York with a client to investigate the underground networks of the World Trade Centre.

Dix has also been involved in investigation of tower block fires and recommending solutions. Between 2009 and 2010, Dix served as an independent as an independent investigator of the Lakanal House Tower Block Fire, which killed six people. He also investigated the Grenfell Tower fire which caused at least 80 deaths. He pointed out weak fire assessment systems in the United Kingdom as a contributor to these fires.

In 2019, Dix volunteered with the Qatar Red Crescent, developing response swiftness for underground accidents. 

### Uttarakhand tunnel rescue 
On November 20 2023 Dix was called on by the Government of India, to be part of the team that rescued 41 workers trapped in the Silkyara tunnel in Uttarakhand, India. He promised that he would safely evacuate all 41 workers before Christmas, which the team managed to do. He helped inspect the collapsed tunnel, coordinated agencies and gave technical solutions to enable the rescue. They used a thin pipe to carry the trapped workers 10 centimeters at a time, which prevented further disturbance. While Dix's approach was slower it was much safer

Throughout the rescue operation, Dix showed a display of faith which garnered the attention of the public. During the operation he set up a makeshift  temple and after the workers were rescued, he offered his prayers to the temple of local deity Baba Bokh Naag ji . He said that the rescue was a miracle and promised the locals to go to the temple once the workers were rescued.

In 2023, Dix proved to be a hero during the *Uttarakhand tunnel rescue*. He received recognition from Australian Prime Minister Anthony Albanese for his work during the rescue operations.
* *NFPA -Distinguished Committee Service Award* (2022)
* Keynote speaker at Bulk Tanker Day

## Personal Life 
Dix is married to Divina Dix and share a stepchild together. He also has three children from the last marriage

## References
Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles: Shredder's Revenge

'''''Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles: Shredder's Revenge''''' is a beat 'em up video game. It was published by Dotemu and was developed by Tribute Games. It is based on the 1987 *Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles* cartoon. The game was first released on June 16, 2022 for Linux, Nintendo Switch, PlayStation 4, and Windows. It was also later released on November 15, 2022 for the PlayStation 5 and on January 10, 2023 for Android and iOS.

Ghostface Killah and Raekwon of Wu-Tang Clan, along with Mike Patton of Faith No More helped Tee Lopes with the music composition.

In the game, players play as the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles (Leonardo, Donatello, Raphael, Michelangelo) as they battle enemies and try to stop Krang and Super Shredder from destroying New York City. Players can also play as April O'Neil, Master Splinter, and Casey Jones.

A DLC expansion called *Dimension Shellshock* was released on August 31, 2023. The DLC included Miyamoto Usagi and Karai as playable characters

## Reception
The game was very well liked by both game critics and players. Critics said that they liked the combat system, animations, soundtrack and multiplayer aspects.

The game was also nominated for many awards. Among the awards, it was nominated for both Best Audio and Best Multiplayer Game at 2022 Golden Joystick Awards, as well as Best Action Game and Best Multiplayer Game at The Game Awards in 2022.

## References
## Other websites
*
1912 United Kingdom national coal strike

The **Coal Strike of 1912** was the first national strike by coal miners in the United Kingdom. Its main goal was securing a minimum wage. After 37 days, the government ended the strike by passing the Coal Mines Act, extending the minimum wage to the mining industry and certain other industries with many manual jobs.

## References
Eurovision Song Contest 1988

The **Eurovision Song Contest 1988** was the 33rd edition of the Eurovision Song Contest. The contest had 21 countries taking part (originally 22 but Cyprus was disqualified). Switzerland won with "Ne partez pas sans moi", performed by Céline Dion.

It was held in Dublin after Ireland won in 1987 with Johnny Logan's song "Hold Me Now". 

## Overview 
Groups of sixteen people from each country ranked the songs. Each country's jury then awarded points to their ten favourite songs, with 12 going to the best, 10 to the second and 8 to 1 to the third to tenth ranked songs. The country with the most points won the contest.
Hasbro Entertainment

**Hasbro Entertainment** is an American production and distribution company that is a division of American toy and multimedia company Hasbro, It is the successor of Hasbro Studios/Allspark following the sale of the majority of Entertainment One's assets (except for its family brands division, which has been folded into Hasbro) to Lionsgate on December 27, 2023.
Chessplus

**Chessplus** is a chess variant made by the Australian family company Chessplus Team.

## Looks 
Chessplus can come in 1 of 3 packages.

# A bag of  pieces.
# A box featuring a pawn and knight merging.
# A box with a board that goes around it and the pieces.

As for the pieces, they are designed so players can merge them.

## Gameplay 
Chessplus is played similarly to basic chess, but pieces can merge. The only piece that can not merge is the king. Pieces can only merge with other pieces of their own color. Only 2 pieces can be merged at a time. Pieces may split, in which they use their original move.

### Castling 
Castling may be done with a piece merged with a rook. Just like in regular chess, the rook can not have moved. For example, if a knight moved to combine with a rook, castling is possible, but if that rook moved to combine with the knight, then that rook can no longer castle.

### En passant 
Similar to the castling rules, en passant can only be used on a combination of 2 pawns.

## Reception 
Chessplus received mostly good reviews.

## References 
## Further reading 
* https://www.csse.canterbury.ac.nz/research/reports/HonsReps/2020/hons_2002.pdf
* ChessPlus - A great Christmas gift
Mukhtar Ashraf

**Syed Muhammad Mukhtar Ashraf Ashrafi Al-Jilani** (4 August 1916-21 November 1996) known as **Sarkar-e-Kalaan** or **Makhdoom-ul-Mashaikh** was an Indian Sufi saint and Islamic scholar who belonged to the family of Sadaat-e-Kichhauchha, the descendants of Ashraf Jahangir Semnani. He was father of Syed Muhammad Izhar Ashraf, his successor as the custodian of Dargah of Ashraf Jahangir Semnani.

## References
Shum (song)

"**Shum**" (, ) is a 2021 song by Ukrainian folktronica group Go_A, made under the label Rocksoulana Music. It represented Ukraine in the Eurovision Song Contest 2021 in Rotterdam and won fifth place.

## Background 
The lyrics of the song come from Ukrainian folk songs that people used in the "Shum" ritual, for example "" («»). The name of the ritual comes from Proto-Slavic words '** ("noise") or **' ("forest").

Lead singer Kateryna Pavlenko grew up in Polyssia, Northern Ukraine, and the song is inspired by the folklore of that region. In "Shum" she used the traditional "white voice" singing technique.

## Music videos 
Each version of the song has a music video.

For the original version, Go_A directed a video with Ivan Buianskyi and they recorded it with a smartphone. In the first three weeks, people watched it more than 1 million times.

For the Eurovision version, they recorded a new video in a forest near the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant.

## Eurovision Song Contest 
"Shum" had to represent Ukraine in Eurovision Song Contest 2021. However, the song could not go to Eurovision, because the words were the same as folk songs and it was one minute too long (Eurovision rules say that songs must have original lyrics and can not be longer than 3 minutes).

### Final results 
"Shum" won fifth place, with 364 total points.

## References
Daniel Gygax

**Daniel Gygax** (born 28 August 1981) is a former Swiss football player. He played as a midfielder. He has played for FC Zürich, FC Winterthur, FC Aarau, Lille, Metz, 1. FC Nürnberg, FC Luzern, FC Le Mont, Zug 94 and the Switzerland national team.

## References
Kurixalus banaensis

The **bana bubble-nest  frog** or **bana frilled tree frog** (*Kurixalus banaensis*) is a frog.  It lives in Laos and Vietnam. People have seen it between 109 and 1510 meters above sea level.

This frog lives in forests that have mostly evergreen trees.  People have not seen them anywhere that is not a forest.  Scientists think this frog's tadpoles swim in water that does not move.

Scientists believe this frog is not in danger of dying out because it lives in such a large place. However, human beings cut down the forests where it lives to build farms. Some of the places this frog lives are protected parks: Bach Ma National Park, Song Thanh Nature Reserve, and Bac Huong Hoa Nature Reserve.

## References
Xenia

**Xenia** can be
## Places
### United States
Illinois
* Xenia, Illinois, a village in Clay County
** Xenia Township, Clay County, Illinois
* Xenia, Logan County, a city now known as Atlanta

Indiana
* Xenia, a town in Miami County now known as Converse

Iowa
* Xenia, Dallas County, Iowa, an unincorporated community
* Xenia, Hardin County, Iowa, an unincorporated community

Kansas
* Xenia, an unincorporated community in Bourbon County

Missouri
* Xenia, an extinct community

Ohio
* Xenia, Ohio, a city in Greene County
** Xenia Township, Greene County, Ohio

### Antarctica
* Xenia Hill, in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica

## People
**Xenia** (variants include Ksenia, Kseniia, Ksenija, Kseniya) a feminine name, can be

### Ksenia
* Ksenia Khairova (born 1969), Russian stage and film actress
* Ksenia Sobchak (born 1981), Russian public figure, TV anchor, and journalist

### Kseniia
* Kseniia Zastavska, Ukrainian poet, writer and screenwriter

### Xenia
* Xenia Hausner (born 1951), Austrian painter and stage designer
* Xenia (name), a feminine given name
Kurixalus naso

The **uphill tree frog**, **long-snouted tree frog**, '''Annandale's high-altitude tree frog**, or **proboscis frilled tree frog'* (*Kurixalus naso*) is a frog.  It lives in China, India, and Myanmar. People have seen it between 252 and 1631 meters above sea level.

This frog lives in trees. Scientists do not think it lives in places that human beings have changed. The frog lays eggs in small pools of water that dry up for part of the year. The eggs hatch into tadpoles that swim.

These frogs fight each other over good places to look for food. It only eats a few kinds of food, mostly animals without spines.

Scientists believe this frog is not in danger of dying out because it lives in such a large place. Human beings change the places where it lives to make farms called *jhum'' and to build dams that make electricity.

## First paper
*

## References
Loitz

**Loitz** is a town in Vorpommern-Greifswald in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany. The town is on the river Peene. It is 10&nbsp;km northeast of Demmin and 22&nbsp;km southwest of Greifswald.

## References 
## Other websites 
* 
* Official website
Ueckermünde

**Ueckermünde** is a port town in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany. It is in the Vorpommern-Greifswald district. The town is at the mouth of the river Uecker into the Szczecin Lagoon.

## References 
## Other websites 
*
Marlow, Germany

**Marlow** is a town in Vorpommern-Rügen in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany.

## References 
## Other websites 
*
University of Pisa

The **University of Pisa** (; also called **UniPi**) is a public research university in Pisa, Italy. It was founded in 1343 and is one of the oldest universities in Europe.

## References 
## Other websites 
* 
*
Digital native

A **digital native** is a person who has grown up in the Information Age. For a digital native, using digital technolgies such as computers, Mobile phones or the internet is normal. The other term is called *digital immigrant*.

The term "digital native" was coined by Marc Prensky, an American writer, speaker and technologist who wrote several articles referencing this subject. This term specifically applied to the generation that grew up in the "digital age," predominantly regarding individuals born after the year 1980, namely Millennials, Generation Z, and Generation Alpha. Individuals from these demographic cohorts can consume digital information quickly and comfortably through electronic devices and platforms such as computers, mobile phones, and social media.

## References
History of the universe

The **history of the universe** started with an event called "The Big Bang".
It took place billions of years ago, when the universe went from highly-packed energy, to rapidly-expanding energy, like an explosion. This was first postulated by Georges Lemaître in 1930 after Edwin Hubble observed that stars are expanding away from Earth in every direction. The universe still expands today.

The earliest stages of the universe had equal amounts of matter and anti-matter. They collided with each other, and canceled each other out. After thousands of years, matter began to outnumber anti-matter. Today, the universe is made of mostly matter, and not much anti-matter exists.

The different types of subatomic particles appeared quickly. One second after the Big Bang, particles called neutrinos separated from the rest of the universe. Neutrinos still exist, but are so small we can't see them without large nuclear machines.

When the subatomic particles collided, they created atoms. Everything you can touch and feel is made of atoms. Atoms are categorized into elements based on their subatomic particles. Elements with simple atomic structures, such as hydrogen and helium, were seen soon after the Big Bang.

Atoms can have different states, depending on how much energy they have. When these earliest atoms first released energy in the form of light, they left a measurable effect in the form of a faint glow called electromagnetic radiation that large telescopes at observatories can see in the night sky.

Once hydrogen and helium started forming, they created clouds of gas. Gravity caused these clouds to rotate, creating galaxies and stars. Some atoms, such as lithium, appeared as dust particles. As dust particles formed and gravitated toward each other, they created planets.

The Big Bang took place sometime 10-22 billion years ago, and Earth first formed around 4 billion years ago. The history of life on Earth began soon after it was formed, around 3.7 billion years ago. However, humans did not appear until much later, ~6 million-500,000 years ago, a tiny fraction of the history of life (~0.16%, this is because a billion is much, much larger than a million!).

Some day, the universe will end. This is estimated to occur extremely far in the future, in an event called the "Heat Death". When this happens, the universe will have expanded so much, that all matter will be equalized. It is estimated to occur in (17 followed by 106 zeroes) years in the future (also written as 1.7*10^106 years.).

Physicists believe that an even longer time after the end of the universe (~10^10^10^56 years), another universe could randomly appear.

## References
George Wallace 1964 presidential campaign

The **George Wallace 1964 presidential campaign** began on November 15, 1963, when Alabama Governor George Wallace announced his intention to run in the 1964 Democratic Party presidential primaries against then-incumbent President John F. Kennedy. Following the assassination of Kennedy by Lee Harvey Oswald 7 days later, Wallace continued his campaign against President Lyndon B. Johnson. Wallace ultimately earned only 10.8% of the popular vote and won no contests. He suspended his campaign live on *Face the Nation* on July 19, 1964, and allegedly began to support 1964 Republican nominee Barry Goldwater. In the 1964 general election, Goldwater won Wallace's home state of Alabama by 39 points.

This was the first of four presidential campaigns by George Wallace. Wallace ran again in the 1968 United States presidential election as the nominee of the American Independent Party, where he carried 5 states. He then went on to run in the 1972 Democratic Party presidential primaries and the 1976 Democratic Party presidential primaries, where he lost the nomination to George McGovern and Jimmy Carter, respectively.

## Endorsements 
In the summer of 1964, Wallace received the endorsement of restaurant owner and future Governor of Georgia Lester Maddox.

## Legacy 
According to *The Washington Post*, former Grand Wizard of the Ku Klux Klan David Duke based his 1992 presidential campaign on Wallace's 1964 campaign.

## Related pages 
* 1964 Democratic Party presidential primaries
* 1964 United States presidential election

### Other 1964 presidential campaigns 
* Barry Goldwater 1964 presidential campaign
* Lyndon B. Johnson 1964 presidential campaign

### Other George Wallace presidential campaigns 
* George Wallace 1968 presidential campaign
* George Wallace 1972 presidential campaign
* George Wallace 1976 presidential campaign

## References
Madrid Atocha railway station

**Madrid Atocha** , also named **Madrid Puerta de Atocha–Almudena Grandes**, was the first major railway station in Madrid. It is the largest station in the city. serving commuter trains, regional trains from the south and southeast, intercity trains from Navarre, Cádiz and Huelva (Andalusia) and La Rioja, and the AVE high speed trains from Girona, Tarragona and Barcelona (Catalonia), Huesca and Zaragoza (Aragon), Sevilla, Córdoba, Málaga and Granada (Andalusia), Valencia, Castellón and Alicante (Levante Region).  As of 2019, this station has daily services to Marseille, France.

## Overview
The station is in the Atocha neighborhood of the district of Arganzuela. 

Atocha station is a railway complex, formed by the Madrid Atocha Cercanías and Madrid Puerta de Atocha stations of Spain's national railways and a station of the Madrid underground called Atocha-Renfe. Renfe is the state-owned company which operates freight and passenger trains since 1941.

## History
The old station opened in 1851. It was largely destroyed by fire and rebuilt by the MZA railway company. It reopened in 1892.  A new four-track underground station with two through platforms for high-speed services is being built in 2024.

## References
Digital literacy

**Digital literacy** is the name for a set of fundamental life skills that enable a person to exist in what is called information society, which is generally understood to have begun around the 80s. This means that people can use digital media platforms to their advantage. They can use information technology to create, evaluate, and share information. In English Literacy traditionally meant to be well educated and familiar with literature. In modern usage, literacy is the ability to read and write, in a given language. People who can read and write use these skills to communicate. Digital literacy is similar: The idea is to use modern electronic devices such as computers and mobile phones to get up to date information, to share this information with others, and to comment on this information on digital platforms. However, the definition of the term is broad and also includes sociocultural context. Digital literacies are "the practices of communicating, relating, thinking, and ‘being’ associated with digital media”. Multimodality is the integration of multimedia into digital text. This facet of digital literacy can expand the experience of the reader. The distinction between the people who have digital literacy and who can use it to their advantage, and those who don't have it, or can't use it is called digital divide. While using digital media platforms is often free, special devices (such as computers or mobile phones) are needed to access the platforms. Factors that contribute to the digital divide are the following: age, socio-economic class, education, and national infrastructure.  

Sources:

 

s in a smart car. ]]
Fictophilia

**Fictophilia** is the romantic (and sexual, occasionally) attraction to fictional characters. Fictophilia can be considered as a paraphilia as it is a condition characterized by abnormal sexual desires in some cases, and can involve extreme or dangerous activities.

## References
First Republic of Venezuela

The **First Republic of Venezuela** was a short-lived independent republic set up in New Granada in 1811 during the South American Wars of Liberation. lasting from 5 July 1811, to 25 July 1812. The period of the First Republic began with the overthrow of the Spanish colonial authorities Venezuela is notable for being the first Spanish American colony to declare its independence.
SMRT Corporation

**SMRT Corporation** is a public transport operator in Singapore operating bus and rail services. SMRT is part of the Government of Singapore's Temasek Holdings. It was created on 6 August 1987 and was listed on the Singapore Exchange from 26 July 2000 until 31 October 2016. It is one of the two major companies of Singapore's rail services along with SBS Transit.

## References 
## Other websites 
*
Seville–Santa Justa railway station

**Seville–Santa Justa railway station** is the main railway station in Seville, Andalusia. It was opened in 1991  when the Madrid–Seville high-speed rail line opened.  It serves about 9.25 million passengers a year.

## History
Seville's first main railway station was called Plaza de Armas railway station. It was on the banks of the Guadalquivir river. It was a terminus station for trains heading north of the city. A southern terminus called the *Cádiz station* served southbound trains. As part of the preparations for the arrival of the Seville Expo '92, the rail tracks on the river bank were removed and the area redeveloped.  The Madrid–Seville high-speed rail line opened in 1992 with the new Santa Justa railway station connected via a tunnel to the underground San Bernardo railway station. There are now through services north to south.

## References
Rhombichthys

]]
***Rhombichthys*** is an extinct genus of ellimmichthyiform from the Cenomanian of Palestine that contains only one species, ***R. intoccabilis***.

## Description 
*Rhombichthys* is a bizarre-looking fish. It does not exceed 25 cm. The most salient feature is its deep, rhombus-shaped body, hence its generic name. This is likely due to its high dorsal fin, which extends along the major part of the dorsal margin of the body.

The mouth was strongly faced upwards, so that the jaws were oriented almost vertically.

## References 
# Bouziane Khalloufi, René Zaragüeta-Bagils, Hervé Lelièvre (2010). "*Rhombichthys intoccabilis*, gen. et sp. nov. (Ellimmichthyiformes, Clupeomorpha, Teleostei), from the Cenomanian (Upper Cretaceous) of Ein Yabrud, Middle East: anatomial descriptions and phylogenetic implications". *Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology*.
Cities: Skylines

***Cities: Skylines*** is a city-building video game. It was published by Paradox Interactive and was developed by Colossal Order. The game was first released on 10 March 2015 for Linux, OS X, and Windows. It was also later released on 21 April 2017 for the Xbox One, 15 August 2017 for the PlayStation 4, 13 September 2018 for the Nintendo Switch, 17 May 2022 for the Google Stadia, and 15 February 2023 for the PlayStation 5 and Xbox Series X/S.

When the idea of a full city simulation game first came up, Colossal Order had rejected the idea because they didn't believe that they could properly compete with the *SimCity* series. They decided to change their minds after they saw an opportunity with the failure of the 2013 *SimCity*.

In the game, players build a city. They can control many things in the city such as taxes and zoning. With the inclusion of the *Natural Disasters* DLC, sometimes things such as earthquakes, tsunamis and other disasters can hit and destroy parts of the town. Players can use mods from the Steam Workshop to expand and increase the level's area to build.

There was a sequel game called *Cities: Skylines II* on 24 October 2023.

## Reception
The game was very well liked by both game critics and players. Critics said that they liked the low cost of the game and that it felt like a return to what made the city building genre great. Some even said that it had overtaken *SimCity* as the dominant game in the genre.

Since June 2022, *Cities: Skylines* has sold over 12 million copies worldwide. It is also the best selling game in Finnish game history.

## References
## Other websites
*
Milano Centrale railway station

**Milano Centrale** is the main railway station of the city of Milan, Italy, and is the second  busiest railway station in Italy (after Roma Termini).  It is  at the northern end of central Milan. It is the largest railway station in Europe. 

The station is a terminus.  It opened in 1931.  The old central station built in 1864  could not handle the increased traffic caused by the opening of the Simplon Tunnel in 1906.

Milano Centrale has high-speed connections to Turin in the west, Venice via Verona in the east and on the north–south mainline to Bologna, Rome, Naples and Salerno. The Simplon and Gotthard railway lines connect Milano Centrale to Basel and Geneva via Domodossola and Zürich via Chiasso in Switzerland.

The Milan suburban railway service does not use Milano Centrale but the other mainline stations: Porta Garibaldi (northwest), Cadorna (west) and Rogoredo (east).

Architect Aldo Rossi said in an interview of February 1995 to Cecilia Bolognesi: "They told me that when Frank Lloyd Wright came to Milan, and he came only once, he was really impressed by it and said it was the most beautiful station in the world. For me it is also more beautiful than Grand Central Station in New York. I know few stations like this one".

## Gallery

File:Milano Stazione Centrale 1865.jpg|The first Milano Centrale railway station from ''Giornale dell'Ingegnere e Architetto'', January 1865, vol. 13, Annex
File:Milano-Centrale-Entrance-Hall-2012.JPG|A view of the arrival hall
File:Milan Centrale Stazione trainshed.jpg|The roof of the central section
File:Paolo Monti - Serie fotografica (Milano, 1969) - BEIC 6330877.jpg|Lateral view of the gallery

## References
Bologna Centrale railway station

**Bologna Centrale** is the main railway station in Bologna, Italy. It is  at the northern edge of the city centre. It is the southern end of the Milan-Bologna high-speed line, which opened on 13 December 2008. It is the northern end of three lines between Bologna and Florence: the original Bologna-Florence line through Porretta Terme and Pistoia; the Bologna–Florence Direttissima via Prato, which opened on 22 April 1934 and the Bologna-Florence high-speed line, which opened to traffic on 13 December 2009.

Bologna Centrale is the fifth-busiest in Italy. There are about 58 million passengers per year. It is one of the busiest, along with Rome Termini Station, for the number of train movements per day (about 800).

The station is linked to Bologna Guglielmo Marconi Airport by the Marconi Express, a direct monorail line  in length, launched on 18 November 2020.

## Station 
There are two levels of railway tracks in the station complex: Bologna Centrale and Bologna Centrale (AV) *alta velocità (high speed)*. The central part of Bologna Centrale has through tracks for high-speed trains (except Frecciarossa trains which travel only on the Milan-Bologna high-speed line), intercity and regional trains. The western side has six tracks for regional trains from Milan or Verona. The eastern side has six tracks for regional trains from Prato, Ancona and Pescara.

## References
Detroit: Become Human

***Detroit: Become Human*** is an adventure video game. It was published by Sony Interactive Entertainment and was developed by Quantic Dream. The game was first released on 25 May 2018 for the PlayStation 4. It was also later released on 12 December 2019 for Windows.

The game is set in 2038 Detroit. The player controls three androids called Kara, Connor, and Markus. Each of them have a different goal. Kara has become sentient  and wants to protect a little girl named Alice. Connor does detective work alongside human detective Hank to try and hunt for androids that have gained sentience. Markus becomes sentient and wants to help make other androids sentient as well. There are multiple endings depending on the player's actions.

## Reception
The game was very well liked by both game critics and players. Critics said that they liked the setting, story, characters, and visuals.

Since December 2023, *Detroit: Become Human* has sold over 9 million copies worldwide. It is also the best selling game released by Quantic Dream.

## References
## Other websites
*
F9 (movie)

***F9*** is a 2021 American action-thriller movie. It is the tenth movie in the *Fast & Furious* franchise series. It stars Vin Diesel, Michelle Rodriguez, Tyrese Gibson, Chris "Ludacris" Bridges, John Cena, Nathalie Emmanuel, Jordana Brewster, Sung Kang, Michael Rooker, Helen Mirren, Kurt Russell, and Charlize Theron.

The movie was released on June 25, 2021. It made $726.2 million around the world.

## References 
## Other websites 
*  at IMDb
Rail transport in the Czech Republic

Rail transport in the Czech Republic carried 193.5 million passengers in 2019, and 68.37 million tonnes of cargo in the year 2009. Most passenger services are run by the state company České dráhy (Czech Railways).  Until 2007 they also managed cargo services. Now they are run by ČD Cargo. 

In 2009 the country had 9,420&nbsp;km of standard gauge track, 3,153&nbsp;km is electrified.  The busiest station (by number of passengers) is Praha hlavní nádraží. Maximum speed on Czech rails is 160 km/h (99mph).
## Modern and historical railway maps
## Gallery 

File:E 186 291-1 Metrans Uhrineves.JPG
File:CD-RJ als EC 73.jpg
File:386 202 Regiojet Praha-Smichov 2018 20.jpg
File:480 001 Cerhenice1.jpg
File:CD Class 912 at Kladno station CZ 328.jpg
File:Pardubice, hlavní nádraží, jednotka 814.137.jpg
File:80-29 003 Bftn CD Ostrava-Kuncice.jpg
File:Brno, Královo Pole, železniční stanice, vůz 80-30 002 (02).jpg
File:Trutnov hl.n., 854+810.jpg
File:845.114-7 Návarov.jpg

## References
Fadia Nasr Abu Alhaija

**Fadia Naser Abu El Hija** ( Arabic : **فادیا ناسر ابو الهیجا** ; born in 1955 ) is an education researcher. She is a full professor of education at Tel Aviv University , and serves as the head of the school of education. 

Abu Elhija is the first Palestinian to receive a professorship at a university in Israel and the first Arab woman to be appointed as a member of the Council for Higher Education in Israel. 

## Life 
Sge graduated from University of Georgia.

In February 2016, she was one of six of the council's 19 members, who resigned in protest over the fact that Minister of Education Naftali Bennett dismissed Professor Hagit Messer Yaron from her position as deputy chairman of the council.

## References
Praha hlavní nádraží

**Praha hlavní nádraží**  is the largest railway station in Prague, Czech Republic.

It opened in 1871 as **Franz Josef Station**, named after Franz Joseph I of Austria. During the First Republic and from 1945 to 1948 the station was called **Wilson Station** (), after the former President of the United States Woodrow Wilson.

In 2014, the station served 224,505 trains (610 daily) and more than 53,000,000 passengers.

## Overview
 station building in 2017|alt=|left]]The Art Nouveau station building and station hall were built between 1901 and 1909, designed by Czech architect Josef Fanta. It replaced the earlier Neo-Renaissance station designed by Czech architects Antonín Viktor Barvitius and Vojtěch Ignác Ullmann.
 station building (*Fantova budova*)]]
The station was extended by a new terminal building, built between 1972 and 1979, including an underground metro station and a main road on the roof of the terminal.

In 2011 a partial refurbishment of the station was completed by Italian company Grandi Stazioni, which had leased retail space for 30 years from 2002. In 2016 Grandi Stazioni lost the concession after failing to complete the renovation of the historic building by the extended contractual deadline.

In September 2021, a second exit was opened connecting the station to Winston Churchill Square in Žižkov via an underpass.

The station was where the children left who were evacuated to London Liverpool Street station via the Port of Harwich by Nicholas Winton. In 2009 a statue was unveiled on platform 1 commemorating this.

## References
Beer in the Czech Republic

]]

**Beer** () has a long history in what is now the Czech Republic. Brewing was recorded in Břevnov Monastery in 993. The city of Brno had the right to brew beer from the 12th century. Plzeň and České Budějovice (Pilsen and Budweis in German), had breweries in the 13th century.

The most common Czech beers are pale lagers of the pilsner type, with a characteristic transparent golden colour, high foaminess, and lighter flavour. Czech people drink more beer  per person than any other country.

The largest Czech beer breweries are Pilsner Urquell, (Gambrinus, Radegast, Master); Staropramen (Staropramen, Ostravar, Braník, Velvet); and Budweiser Budvar. Other top-selling brands include Krušovice, Starobrno, Březňák, Zlatopramen, Lobkowicz, Bernard, and Svijany.

The strength of beer is measured by degree scale (in Czech: *stupňovitost*), which is the weight percentage of sucrose.  So, 12° beer has 12% sucrose dissolved in water. A 10° beer is about 4% alcohol by volume, a 12° is about 5%, and a 16° is about 6.5%.

According to Czech law, categories of beer, regardless of colour or style, are:
* *lehké* – a "light" beer brewed below 8° with less than 130kJ per 100ml
* *výčepní* – a "draught" beer, though it can be bottled, brewed between 8° and 10°
* *ležák* – a "lager" beer, brewed between 11° and 12.99°
* *speciál* – a "special" beer, brewed above 13°

## History
The history of beer in the modern Czech Republic, historically Bohemia, Moravia, and Silesia, goes back even before the Slavic migration in the 6th century. The ingredients used then were not the same as today.

Hops have been grown, used in beer making, and exported since the twelfth century. Most towns had at least one brewery. The most famous brewing cities in Bohemia were České Budějovice, Plzeň, and Prague. Other towns with breweries include Rakovník, Žatec, and Třeboň.

## References
Brix

]]
**Degrees Brix** (symbol °Bx) is a measure of the dissolved solids in a liquid. It is used to measure how much dissolved sugar there is in an aqueous solution. One degree Brix is 1 gram of sucrose in 100 grams of solution and represents the strength of the solution as percentage by mass. If the solution contains dissolved solids other than pure sucrose, then the °Bx only approximately measures the dissolved solid content. For example, when one adds equal amounts of salt and sugar to equal amounts of water, the degrees of refraction (BRIX) of the salt solution rises faster than the sugar solution. The °Bx is traditionally used in the wine, sugar, carbonated beverage, fruit juice, fresh produce, maple syrup and honey industries. The °Bx is also used for measuring the concentration of a cutting fluid mixed in water for metalworking processes.

Other scales for indicating sucrose content are: the Plato scale (°P), which is widely used by the brewing industry; the Oechsle scale used in German and Swiss wine making industries, amongst others; and the Balling scale, which is the oldest of the three systems and therefore mostly found in older textbooks, but is still in use in some parts of the world.

## References
České dráhy

**České dráhy** (English: *Czech Railways*), often shortened to **ČD**, is the main railway operator in the Czech Republic providing regional and long-distance services.

The company was established in January 1993, after the dissolution of Czechoslovakia. It is a successor of the Czechoslovak State Railways. It is a member of the International Railway Union (UIC Country Code for the Czech Republic is 54), the Community of European Railway and Infrastructure Companies, and the Organization for Cooperation of Railways. With twenty-four thousand employees ČD Group is the fifth largest Czech company by the number of employees.

Its EuroCity trains have dining cars with regional food prepared fresh to order and craft beer.

## History
 Pendolino long-distance train]]
'' long-distance train]]
In 1827–1836, the České Budějovice–Linz railway was built. It was the second horse-drawn railway in continental Europe. The first steam-hauled railway in the area was established in 1839, from Vienna to Břeclav. The first standard gauge electrified railway track in the area was built in 1903.

## References
Börek

**Börek** or **burek** is a kind of pastries or pies found in the Balkans, Middle East and Central Asia. The pastry is made of a thin flaky dough such as filo with a variety of fillings, such as meat, cheese, spinach, or potatoes. Boreks are mainly associated with the Middle East, Caucasus, and also with the former Ottoman Empire, including the Balkans and the South Caucasus, Eastern European and Central European countries, Northern Africa and Central Asia. A borek may be prepared in a large pan and cut into portions after baking, or as individual pastries. They are usually baked but some are fried. Borek is sometimes sprinkled with sesame or nigella seeds. It can be served hot or cold.

It is a custom of Sephardic Jews to have *bourekas* for their Shabbat breakfast meal on Saturday mornings.

It is commonly served with ayran in Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbia and North Macedonia.

## References
Robbie Williams discography

This is the discography of the English singer-songwriter Robbie Williams, which consists of twelve studio albums, one soundtrack album, one live album, ten compilation albums and one extended play.

## Albums
### Studio albums
### Soundtrack albums
### Live albums
### Compilation albums
## Extended plays
## Singles
### As lead artist
#### 1990s
#### 2000s
#### 2010s
#### 2020s
### As featured artist
### Promotional singles
## Other charted songs
## Guest appearances
## As Lufthaus
### Albums
### Singles
## Related pages
* Take That discography

## Notes
## References
## Official websites
* Official website
* Robbie Williams at AllMusic
* 
*
John Virgo

**John Trevor Virgo** (4 March 1946 – 4 February 2026) was a former English professional snooker player. 

He was known for doing impressions of other players. He was the co-host of British television show Big Break.

At the 1979 UK Championship he beat Terry Griffiths in the final. Virgo was 117 ahead before the last session. He arrived late and was given a two-frame penalty. He was then losing 13-12. Virgo won the last two frames to win the event. Due to a strike, it was not televised.

The same year, Virgo also reached the semi-finals of the World Snooker Championship. He lost 19-12 to Dennis Taylor.

## References