open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Winter solstice

The **winter solstice** is the time when the sun has the biggest distance to the Tropic of Cancer. After this, the sun is going to move to back in the direction of the equator.

The Earth revolves around the Sun. The sunlight reaches the Earth at an angle. On each day of the year, the sun will be perpendicular at a given latitude. At the start of spring and at the start of autumn it passes over the equator. On the June Solstice it is over the Tropic of Cancer, at 23.5 degrees north. In the Northern Hemisphere this is the longest day of the year, which has the shortest night and is called the Summer Solstice. In the Southern Hemisphere this is the shortest day of the year, which has the longest night and is called the Winter Solstice. On the December Solstice it is over the Tropic of Capricorn, at 23.5 degrees south. In the Southern Hemisphere this is the longest day of the year, which has the shortest night and is called the Summer Solstice. In the Northern Hemisphere this is the shortest day of the year, which has the longest night and is called the Winter Solstice.

For the northern hemisphere, the Winter solstice is around 21 December. This means that the sun is at the southern tropic. For the southern Hemisphere, the winter solstice is around 21 June. This means that the sun is at the northern tropic.

The word solstice comes from Latin *Sol* (sun) and *sistere* (to not move), winter solstice meaning Sun standstill in winter.

The earth prone and moves in an elliptic way around the sun. Because of this, the point from where the sun is shining moves between the Tropic of Capricorn and the Tropic of Cancer.

The winter solstice is celebrated around 21 December since 1582, when Pope Gregory XIII introduced the Gregorian calendar.

## References
## Related pages
*Yule
Summer solstice

The **summer solstice** is when the Sun is at its highest point in the sky during a year. The solstice itself is one moment, but many use the word to mean the day when the solstice happens. The summer solstice does not always happen on exactly the same day.

The word solstice comes from Latin and means that "the Sun stands still".  

For the northern hemisphere, the summer solstice is around 21 June (20, 21 or 22 of June). This means that the sun is at the northern tropic. For the southern hemisphere, the summer solstice is around 21 December. This means that the sun is at the southern tropic.

## References
Bearded dragon

**Bearded dragons** are agamid lizards in the genus ***Pogona***.

The **central bearded dragon** is the common name for *Pogona vitticeps*, which lives in dry areas of Australia The name "bearded dragon" refers to the fringes around and under the head. The underside of the throat turns black if they are stressed or see a potential rival.

## Description 
Central bearded dragons can grow to about 2 feet long. Half of the length of a bearded dragon's body is its tail. Females are usually smaller than males. If a bearded dragon is scared, it will flatten its body against the ground, puff out its spiky throat, and open its jaws to make itself look larger. Bearded dragons sometimes open their mouths wide to allow hot air to warm them better when they are lying in the sun. They also open their mouths to help them cool down; the warm air and heat escapes through their mouths. This behavior is similar to panting.

## Diet 
Central bearded dragons eat small and large insects, such as crickets and worms. They also eat leaves, fruit, vegetables and flowers.(they need calcium too!)They get most of their water from the food they eat, but they also need to drink sometimes. One can also give them horn worms (tomato worms) once or twice every week as a treat. 

## Other websites 
*Bearded dragon advice page
*Bearded Dragons as Pets
*Bearded Dragons Important Charts & Lists
Lark Rise to Candleford

***Lark Rise to Candleford***  is a trilogy of semi-autobiographical novels set in the English countryside in the late 19th century. They were written by Flora Thompson, and first published in that form in 1945. The trilogy includes the previously published stories *Lark Rise* (1939), *Over to Candleford* (1941) and *Candleford Green* (1943).

The stories relate to three communities, a hamlet, the nearby village and the nearest town in Oxfordshire, England. The stories are loosely based around Flora's childhood experiences. The books describe village life through the seasons of the year.

## The plays
The television scriptwriter and playwright Keith Dewhurst adapted Thompson’s trilogy into two plays, *Lark Rise* and *Candleford*, which were performed in the Cottesloe auditorium of London’s National Theatre in 1978–9. Dewhurst selected just two days: the first day of harvest for *Lark Rise* and the first hunt meet of the new year, a winter’s day in January, for *Candleford*. The plays try to make the audience recognize the value of a way of life, close to the land and countryside, that they could never know for themselves. “It will send most spectators out wiser and happier human beings...one of those rare theatrical occasions with a genuine healing quality”,  wrote theatre critic Michael Billington of *The Guardian*.

## Television
A ten-part BBC adaptation, starring Dawn French and others, began on BBC One in the UK on 13 January 2008.

## References
## Other websites
*Lark Rise Visited   The Soundtrack from the TV show.
*Great War Fiction Commentary from a resident of Juniper Hill—the real village of “Lark Rise”.
Intertel

**Intertel** is the second oldest and third largest high IQ society. Members must score in the top one percentile on a standardized, supervised IQ test. 

Intertel was founded in 1966. The name was originally "*The International Legion of Intelligence*" and members are called *ILIans*. 

Today it has more than 1700 members from over forty countries.

## Related pages 
* Mensa International
* Triple Nine Society

## Other websites 
* 

## References
Mensa

**Mensa**, meaning *table* in Latin, could mean:

*Mensa International, an organization for people with a high IQ
*Mensa (constellation), a southern star constellation
*Mensa (geology), a term used by geologists to refer to an extraterrestrial mesa
*Mensa, a nightclub promoter known for Saturday night raves at Sterns Nightclub
*Mensa Records, a record label
*mensa, the German and Dutch term for "cafeteria"
*mensa, the Spanish term for "stupid"
***mensa**, the table top of an altar

When a plural exists, it is often **Mensae**, such as Cydonia Mensae.
Old Major (Animal Farm)

**Old Major** is a character in the book *Animal Farm*.  He is an award winning elderly Middle White boar. He is twelve years of age, and had 400 piglets. Old Major has a wise and benevolent look but his tushes are never cut. He had given inspiration to the other pigs about the fair rules on the farm once the farmers were gone, before Old Major died. Old Major is based on Marx and Lenin of the Russian Revolution, whose ideas changed into Communism.

## Role in the Story
One evening, Old Major said that he had a dream the night before. Because of the dream, a meeting was to be held in the big barn at night. At the meeting, he talked with the other animals about the cause of their suffering, Man. He gave them the way to end their problem, rebellion. Later, he told the farm animals about his dream. In the dream he saw the Earth after Man was no longer on it. He also remembered a song sung by the animals of old, "Beasts of England", which the animals learned very fast.

While the animals were singing "Beasts of England", the sound woke their owner Mr. Jones. He fired his gun six times. This ended the meeting immediately.  Old Major died peacefully in his sleep 3 days later.
Dow Jones Industrial Average

The **Dow Jones Industrial Average** (, also called the **DJIA**, **Dow 30**, **The Dow Jones** or **The Dow**) is a stock market index. It was created by Charles Dow, who started the *Wall Street Journal* newspaper and later Dow Jones & Company.

The stock prices of 30 companies are used to calculate the Dow Jones Industrial Average. The 30 companies are picked by experts who work for Dow Jones. They are supposed to  represent the general economy of the United States. The rules to pick companies say that all the companies must be from the USA. The rules also say the companies' stocks must be traded on either the NYSE or the Nasdaq Exchange. 

In the past the companies were all heavy industries companies and made things like steel, oil, autos, and appliances. Now the it has many different kinds of companies including some that offer products and services like medicine or software.

Since 2020, these are the companies that currently make up the Dow Jones:

For a list of companies that have once been a part on the Dow Jones but are no longer part of it, see this list.
Rattlesnake

The **rattlesnake** is a kind of snake, a reptile. About 50 species of rattlesnakes are known: they are a kind of pit viper. 

There are two groups of rattlesnakes: the genera *Crotalus* and *Sistrurus*. All  have a venomous bite, and some are much more dangerous than others. Pit vipers  have a set of heat-sensing "pits" on their heads which help them find prey and move towards it, even in the dark.

The name *rattlesnake* is used because they have a special tail with several parts on the end that can make a loud *bzzzz* sound, or rattle. This defends them against predators and large animals. It acts as a warning signal. 

Rattlesnakes are native to the Americas from southwest Canada to central Argentina. They usually live in dry areas.  They eat small animals such as birds and rodents.

When they are young, many are eaten by birds. When they are adult, they have a particular enemy: the common kingsnake, *Lampropeltis getula*, a colubrid snake.

Image:Crotalus atrox USFWS.jpg|Western diamondback rattlesnake.
Image: Crotalus cerastes in Mojave.jpg|Sidewinder rattlesnake.
Image:Northern black-tailed rattlesnake.jpg|Northern black-tailed rattlesnake.
Yanomami

The **Yanomami** (also spelled Yąnomamö or Yanomama) is a local tribe living in southern Venezuela (Amazonas department) and northern Brazil (Amazonas state and Roraima). There are approximately 35,000 Yanomami people who live in some 200–250 villages. They live in *shabonos*, which are villages made with wood, straw and palm leaves.
They are also called Yanomamo and Yanam.
The word "Yanomami" means "human being".

The Yanomami tribe have lived in the rain forests of South America for centuries.
They live in small groups, and shelter in one huge house and it is called a Yanos which can hold up to 250 Yanomami.

The Yanomami tribe is also known as the Yanomamo. There is an average of 20,000 Yanomami. 
About 12,000 of them are Yanomamo. They eat plantains which is the most important food. The Yanomami love to hunt. Most of the child     
raising is done by the females of the family. Yanomami tribe villages sometimes have different languages so people from one may not understand the others. Rituals are a very important part of being a Yanomami. There are about 200-250 Yanomami villages in the area between the tropic of cancer to Capricorn.
Oasis

In geography, an **oasis** is an isolated place in the desert where there is vegetation. Most often, this occurs around a source of water. Oases provide a habitat for animals and are a source of water in the desert.

The knowledge of the location of oases has been important for trade and transportation routes in desert areas. Caravans must travel via oases so that supplies of water and food can be refilled. Thus, political or military control of an oasis has in many cases meant control of trade on a particular route. For example, the oases of Awjila, Ghadames and Kufra, in modern-day Libya, have at various times been vital to both North-South and East-West trade in the Sahara Desert. 

The word *oasis* came into English via Greek ὄασις , which was borrowed from Egyptian *wḥ3t* or Demotic *wḥỉ*. It was not borrowed from Coptic *ouaḥe* (/waħe/), as is sometimes suggested; the Greek word is attested several centuries before Coptic existed as a written language.

## References
Benjamin (Animal Farm)

In the fictional story *Animal Farm*, published by George Orwell in 1945, **Benjamin** the donkey, is the oldest animal on Manor Farm, and very cool-tempered. He seldom speaks, except to make some cynical remark. He is the only animal on the farm that never laughs, saying that there was nothing to laugh at when asked about it. In addition to that he is one of the few animals that can read. Without admitting it, Benjamin is devoted to Boxer, grazing with him in a small paddock near the orchard on Sundays.  He was not changed by the rebellion that took place towards the beginning of the novel.
Boxer (Animal Farm)

**Boxer** is a character from the book Animal Farm by George Orwell.  He is a horse, and is nearly eighteen hands high. In the book he is as strong as two horses put together. He has a white stripe down his nose, and that gives him a strange appearance. But still he was respected for his great power in work and his good character. He works as a cart-horse, as does Clover. And, though well hidden, Benjamin does actually admire Boxer for his courage and considers him a good friend and companion who he wishes to spend the rest of his time with in Animal Farm (though that wish is unfortunately unachievable). 

In the book Boxer falls into the quarry when he was pulling a cart full of rock and is sent to a veterinarian on another farm by Napoleon. Squealer, Napoleon's spokesman, then claims he died peacefully, but Benjamin realizes he has actually gone to the knacker's (slang for slaughterhouse, where animals are killed). Boxer was the most hard-working animal in the farm and was respected by all. When Boxer tried to support Snowball against Squealer, Napoleon tries to attack Boxer with his dogs but Boxer easily crushes the dog. Boxer is an ideal character showing loyalty along with his great hard work.  

His slogans are: 
*"I will always work harder."
*"Napoleon's always right." 

He is a very loyal, caring character, but he is flawed in his lack of intelligence and does not see the real truth behind situations.

*Boxer represents the loyal communist working class.
*Him being slaughtered represents Stalin getting rid of the workers that are too old or too ill to participate in labor.
*The windmill represents them building the Industries and Boxer getting up early represents the working class working extremely hard. 
*His gullibility represents the working class being gullible and doing what they are told for promises in the future.
*His slogan “I will work harder” represents the working class's belief in Communism. “Napoleon is always right” represents their trust in the political system.
Mensa International

**Mensa International** (or just ***Mensa***) is the largest, oldest and most famous high-IQ group of people in the world. The non-profit organization only has members with high IQs. They must score at the 98th percentile or higher on a standardized, supervised intelligence test. In many cases the IQ you have to have to join is 130.

## Related pages 
* List of Mensans
* Intertel
* Triple Nine Society

## References 
## Other websites 
* Mensa Education and Research Foundation
* Mensa for Kids
* Example of tests similar to Mensa tests
Pliny the Younger

**Gaius** or **Caius Plinius Caecilius Secundus**, born **Gaius** or **Caius Plinius Caecilius** (61/63 in Como - ca. 113), better known as **Pliny the Younger**, was a lawyer, a remarkable writer, an author, and natural philosopher of Ancient Rome. Pliny's uncle, Pliny the Elder, helped raise and educate him and they were both witnesses to the eruption of Vesuvius on August 24th, 79 AD.

## Other websites 
* Pliny's first Letter to Tacitus  Describes how his uncle sailed across the bay to save some people
* Pliny's second letter to Tacitus  Tells how Pliny himself barely escaped.
* [First letter, latin original](http://la.wikisource.org/wiki/Epistularum_liber_VI_(Gaius_Plinius_Caecilius_Secundus)#16_C._PLINIUS_TACITO_SUO_S.) (Letters, Book 6, Letter 16), in  Wikisource
* [Second letter, Latin Original](http://la.wikisource.org/wiki/Epistularum_liber_VI_(Gaius_Plinius_Caecilius_Secundus)#20_C._PLINIUS_TACITO_SUO_S.) (Letters, Book 6, Letter 20), in Wikisource
Moura Photovoltaic Power Station

The **Moura Photovoltaic Power Station** is in the municipality of Moura, in the interior region of Alentejo, Portugal. It has an installed capacity of 62 MWp. The first stage of construction was finished in 2008 and the second and final stage was finished in 2010. Together with the construction of the power station, a solar panel factory is currently being built and there are plans for a research lab dedicated to solar energy.

The brainchild of Prof Mario Baptista Coelho, the founding partner of Renatura and a Professor of Geostrategy of Natural Resources at the Faculty of Sciences of Lisbon, Moura was the first step in proving the feasibility of Very-Large Scale Photovoltaic Plants.

Originally conceptualized in 1999, Moura is a stepping stone in addressing the issue of carbon dioxide by way of solar energy.

Moura is currently operated by Acciona, which purchased the project in 2007.

Coped with Moura is the Sunflower Sustainability Project, as in integrated package of the paradigm of sustainability and Zero-Carbon Communities (www.sunflower-project.net).

## References
Three Mile Island accident

leaving Three Mile Island for Middletown, Pennsylvania, April 1, 1979]]

The **Three Mile Island accident** occurred on March 28, 1979 at the Three Mile Island Nuclear Power Plant in Pennsylvania.  It was "the single most important event in the fifty-year history of nuclear power regulation in the United States".  Many people have seen the event as a turning point for the nuclear power industry in the United States. 
The Three Mile Island power station is near Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. The accident resulted in a partial core meltdown in Unit 2 of the nuclear power plant. Unit 2's pressurized water reactor was of 900 MWe capacity. 

The chain of events that led to the crisis at the TMI plant included several minor equipment failures that operator errors drastically compounded, resulting in a major accident. According to one reviewer of the book:
 
Reactor operators were not trained to deal with accident conditions, and the NRC had not established effective communication with utilities. Moreover, once the accident occurred, the lines of authority proved to be ill defined. The public received conflicting reports that caused needless panic and evacuations. It was these systemic weaknesses in the regulatory system that allowed gifted people to make the mistakes they did.

In the end, the Three Mile Island accident, though it "caused a grave crisis, did not produce a public health disaster". In the face of a core meltdown, the pressure vessel held and there was no breach of the  plant's containment structure. Only "tiny amounts of the most dangerous forms of volatile radiation escaped to the atmosphere".

Walker reports that studies looking for long-term radiation effects resulting from the accident have reached conflicting conclusions, but it seems that any increase in cancers is slight enough to have occurred by chance.

## Notes
Jérémie

**Jérémie** (Kréyòl: *Jeremi*) is a city in southwest Haiti. It is the capital city of the Grand'Anse *Département*.

Jérémie is also called the *City of Poets* because of the many writers, poets, and historians that were born or live there, such as Etzer Vilaire and Émile Roumer. The father of the French writer Alexandre Dumas, père, General Thomas-Alexandre Dumas, was born at Madère, near Jérémie.

## History 
The town was founded in 1756 when the country was the French colony of *Saint-Domingue*. It was built where there was a small fishing town called *Trou-Jérémie*.

## Geography 
The city is on the north coast of the Southern Peninsula, on a small bay. It is among low mountains (Bordes, Rochasse and Caracol) and almost isolated from the rest of the country, about 280&nbsp;km south of the Haitian capital Port-au-Prince. To the southeast of the city is the River Grande-Anse.

It is also the chief town of an *arrondissement* (a part of a department) with the same name. The *arrondissement* has five *communes* (a *commune* is like a municipality): Jérémie, Abricots, Bonbon, Chambellan and Moron.

## Economy 
Jeremie is an important Haitian port; bananas are send to other countries from this port.

## Places to visit 
There are several interesting places to visit and see in Jérémie and near the city. Some of them are:
* *Fort Télémaque* or *Fort Marfrac*. It was built after the Haitian independence to defend the area.
* *Église Saint-Louis* (Saint Louis Church), built during the 19th century.
* The ''Anse-d'Azur' beach. There are other interesting beaches such as those of Gommier and Guinaudée.
* ''L'Habitation Latibolière* where the General Thomas-Alexandre Dumas, father of the French writer Alexandre Dumas, was born. It was a farm where coffee was grown; its old name was *Habitation Davy de La Pailleterie''.

## Media 
### Radio 
* Radio Grand-Anse FM
* Radio Imagine FM (Corail)
* Radio Lanbi FM (Rue Stenio Vincent)
* Radio Orbite (Rue De la Paix)
* Radio Tèt Ansanm (Rue Abbe Huet)
* Radio Pipirite Nouvelle (Rue Alexandre Petion)
* Radio Jérémie Nouvelle (Rue Dr Hypolytte)
* Radio Echo Celeste (Calas)
* Radio ABC FM (Caracolie)
* Radio Xaragua FM (Rue Mgn Beauger)
* Radio Power Mix (Gragramora)
* Zantray (Dame Marie)
* Radio Dame Marie FM (Dame Marie)
* Radio pirite (Anse D´ainault)
* Radio Mega FM (Beaumont)
* Radio Rebel (Anse D´ainault)
* Radio trompette Evangelique (Caracolie)
* Radio Makandal FM (Caracolie)

## References
Master System

The  is a home video game console made in 1985. It was not very popular in North America and Japan but was very popular in Brazil. One of the most popular games of the Master System was *Sonic the Hedgehog*.

, the Master System was still in production in Brazil by Tectoy. This would make it the world's longest-lived console.

## Background
### Launch
In October 1985, the Sega Mark III was released in Japan for ¥15,000.

The console was redesigned as the "Master System", and it was released in North America in 1986 at a price of $200 (). It included a multicart of the games *Hang-On* and *Safari Hunt*. By the end of 1986, 125,000 Master System consoles had been sold. This was more than the Atari 7800's 100,000, but it was less than the NES's 1.1 million.

The console was re-released as the Master System in Japan in October 1987 for ¥16,800. It still sold poorly as did the Mark III.  Neither model posed a serious challenge to Nintendo in Japan.

### Transition to Genesis and decline
Sega released the Mega Drive, a 16-bit video game console, in Japan on October 29, 1988. The last game released for the Mark III/Master System in Japan was *Bomber Raid* in 1989.

The Master System later became a success in Europe. In Europe, it sold more than the NES by a lot.  Combined with the Mega Drive, Sega had the majority of the console user base in Europe that year.

### Continued success in Brazil 
The Master System has had the most success in Brazil. In Brazil, new versions have continued to be released. Tectoy has been manufacturing Master Systems since 1989. These versions include the Master System Compact In 2015, it was reported that the Master System sells around 150,000 units per year in Brazil. By 2016, the Master System had sold 8 million units in Brazil. Because Tectoy continued to produce the Master System years for so long, the Master System is considered the longest-lived in the history of video game consoles.

## Reception and legacy
It is estimated that 13 million Master Systems were sold. This does not include recent Brazil sales.

## Notes
## References
Windscale fire

that burned in the Windscale fire]]
The **Windscale fire** was a fire in Britain's first nuclear reactor at Windscale (now Sellafield) on 10 October 1957. The fire spread radioactive fallout over hundreds of miles. Some of the most dangerous contamination was kept secret, and its effects only came to light years later. At the back of the reactor, ruptured fuel cartridges containing uranium are still jammed in the fire damaged core, awaiting safe removal. Official estimates are that about a hundred people died from the contamination. The cleanup cost over a hundred million pounds. The Windscale fire was the first fire in any nuclear facility.

## References
Tokaimura nuclear accident

The **Tokaimura nuclear accident** was a serious nuclear radiation accident in Japan. It took place at a uranium-reprocessing facility in Tokaimura, northeast of Tokyo, Japan, on 30 September 1999. The accident occurred in a very small fuel preparation plant operated by JCO.
 
The direct cause of the accident was workers putting uranyl nitrate solution containing about 16.6 kg of uranium, which exceeded the critical mass, into a precipitation . The tank was not designed to dissolve this type of solution and was not designed to prevent such accidents from occurring. As a result, three workers were exposed to neutron radiation doses in excess of allowable limits. Two of these workers later died.

## After the accident 
The three workers who worked at the uranium-reprocessing facility were Hisashi Ouchi, Masato Shinohara, and Yutaka Yokokawa. Two of them died of radiation poisoning.  Hisashi Ouchi, aged 35, died 12 weeks after the accident. He had lost most of his skin, and was kept alive for 83 days, according to the wishes of his parents and wife. Ouchi was closest to the tank when the accident occurred. He ended up as the first victim of this nuclear accident. Seven months after the accident, Masato Shinohara died, aged 40. 

Ouchi was reported to have received 17 sieverts (sv) of radiation, Shinohara 10 sv and Yokokawa 3 sv; 8 sieverts is considered a fatal dose, and 50 milli sieverts is the maximum limit of annual dose allowed for Japanese nuclear workers.

Another 83 workers were subjected to higher radiation than normal.

## References
Alan

**Alan** may refer to:

## People
*Alan (surname), an English and Turkish surname
*Alan (given name), an English given name 
**List of people with given name Alan

*Following are people commonly referred to solely by "Alan" or by a homonymous name.*
*Alan (Chinese singer) (born 1987), female Chinese singer of Tibetan ethnicity, active in both China and Japan
*Alan (Mexican singer) (born 1973), Mexican singer and actor
*Alan (wrestler) (born 1975), a.k.a. Gato Eveready, who wrestles in Asistencia Asesoría y Administración
*Alan (footballer, born 1979) (Alan Osório da Costa Silva), Brazilian footballer
*Alan (footballer, born 1998) (Alan Cardoso de Andrade), Brazilian footballer
*Alan I, King of Brittany (died 907), "the Great"
*Alan II, Duke of Brittany (c. 900–952)
*Alan III, Duke of Brittany(997–1040)
*Alan IV, Duke of Brittany (c. 1063–1119), a.k.a. Alan Fergant ("the Younger" in Breton language)
*Alan of Tewkesbury, 12th century abbott
*Alan of Lynn (c. 1348–1423), 15th century monk

### Saint Alan or Alain
*Alan of Lavaur, or Elan
*Alain de la Roche (c. 1428–1475), or Alanus de Rupe, canonized saint, "Alan of the Rock"
*Alain de Solminihac (1593-1659), French Catholic religious reformer and bishop of Cahors

### Fictional characters
*Alan *(Sesame Street)* in the television series *Sesame Street*
*Alan Partridge, a comedy character portrayed by Steve Coogan
*Alan *(Modern Toss)* in the television series *Modern Toss*
*Alan "Squid", a character in the novel *Holes* and its film adaption
*Alan, the main antagonist in the video game *Kya: Dark Lineage*

## Places
*Alan, Haute-Garonne, a commune in France
*Alan, Iran (disambiguation), places in Iran
*Alan, Russia, name of several rural localities in Russia
*Alan, Şemdinli, a village in Turkey

## Other meanings
*ALAN, an Italian bicycle manufacturer 
*Alan (automobile), a short-lived German automobile
*Alan (crater), a crater on the Moon
*Alan (mythical creature), a race of winged spirits from Tinguian folklore
*Alans, nomadic tribes from Asia who migrated westward in late antiquity
*Cyclone Alan, a tropical storm

## Related pages
*
*Alans, an ancient and medieval Iranian nomadic pastoral people of the North Caucasus
*Alen (disambiguation)
*Allan (disambiguation)
*Alleine
*Allen (disambiguation)
Nuclear accidents in Japan

in Japan, three nuclear reactors were damaged by explosions.]] 
**Nuclear accidents in Japan** include the following major cases: 

*The fast breeder *Monju Nuclear Power Plant* sodium leak in December 1995 (the reactor is still shut down), the Tokai reprocessing waste explosion in March 1997, the critical accident at the Tokai fuel fabrication facility in September 1999 and a widespread falsification scandal starting in August 2002 that led to a shutdown of all of Tokyo Electric Power Company's 17 nuclear reactors.

*Also, on 9 August 2004, five workers were killed after a steam leak at the *Mihama Nuclear Power Plant*-3 station. The subsequent investigation revealed a serious lack in systematic inspection in Japanese nuclear plants, which led to a massive inspection program. Explosions and a fire resulted in dangerous levels of radiation, resulting in a stock market collapse and panic-buying in supermarkets. As of April 2011, water is still being poured into the damaged reactors to cool melting fuel rods. John Price, a former member of the Safety Policy Unit at the UK's National Nuclear Corporation, has said that it "might be 100 years before melting fuel rods can be safely removed from Japan's Fukushima nuclear plant". Following the Fukushima nuclear disaster, the International Energy Agency halved its estimate of additional nuclear generating capacity to be built by 2035. 

## Related pages
*Nuclear disasters
*Earthquake engineering
*Tsunami

## References
Marco van Basten

**Marcel** "**Marco**" **van Basten** (; born 31 October 1964) is a former Dutch footballer. He was most recently the manager of the Netherlands national football team. He had to quit playing football early because of an injury that kept him from playing for more than a year.

Van Basten was known for his strength on the ball, his tactical awareness and spectacular strikes and volleys. He is regarded as one of the greatest footballers of all time.

## Awards 
Van Basten was named FIFA World Player of the Year in 1992 and won the Ballon d'Or three times, in 1988, 1989 and 1992. He was named "UEFA best Player of the Year" three times (1989, 1990 and 1992) and "FIFA World Player of the Year" in 1992. In a French magazine named *France Football,* he was voted as one of the eight best Football Players of the Century. In 1999, he was ranked sixth in the FIFA Player of the Century internet poll.

## Career statistics 
### Club 
### International 
:''Scores and results list the Netherlands' goal tally first, score column indicates score after each van Basten goal.''

## Managerial statistics
## International matches
*Matches as manager

## Honours
 under manager Johan Cruijff.]]

**Ajax**
*Eredivisie: 1981–82, 1982–83, 1984–85
*KNVB Cup: 1982–83, 1985–86, 1986–87
*Supercoppa Italiana: 1988, 1992, 1993, 1994

**Individual**
* Ballon d'Or: 1988, 1989, 1992
* World Golden Boot: 1985–86
* Bravo Award: 1987
* Onze d'Argent: 1987, 1992
* Onze d'Or: 1988, 1989
* IFFHS World's Best Player: 1988, 1989
* World Soccer Player of the Year: 1987 (3rd), 1988, 1989 (2nd), 1992
*RSSSF Player of the Year: 1992
*El País King of European Soccer: 1992
* UEFA Euro 1988: Top Scorer and Best Player with 5 goals 1992
*Planète Foot World All-Time Team: 1996
*Planète Foot's 50 of the World's Best Players: 1996
*Venerdì's 100 Magnificent: 1997
*IFFHS Football Player of the Century 12th: 1999
*Placar's 100 Best Players of the Century 26th: 1999
*France Football's Football Player of the Century 8th: 1999
*World Soccer Greatest Players of the 20th Century 9th: 1999
*Guerin' Sportivo's 50 Greatest Players of the Century by Adalberto Bortolotti 11th: 1999
* FIFA 100 (List of the greatest living footballers picked by Pelé): 2004
*AFS Top-100 Players of All-Time 12th: 2007
* UEFA Golden Jubilee Poll: #4
* Italian Football Hall of Fame: 2012
*World Hall of Fame of Soccer: 2012
* UEFA Euro All-time XI (published 2016)
* AC Milan Hall of Fame
* IFFHS Legends
*Voetbal International's World Stars by Raf Willems
*Ballon d'Or Dream Team (Bronze): 2020

## Notes
## References
## Other websites
*
* 
* Marco van Basten extensive profile at AC Milan Online
* 
* Marco van Basten dedicated fanpage
Nürburgring

The **Nürburgring**, known as simply "**the Ring**" by enthusiasts, is the name of a famous motorsport race track in Nürburg, Germany, built in the 1920s around the village and medieval castle of Nürburg in the Eifel, which is about 70 kilometres south of Cologne, 100 kilometres northwest of Mainz, and 120 kilometres northwest of Frankfurt.
Originally, the track featured four track configurations: the  long *Gesamtstrecke* ("Whole Course"), which included the 22.810&nbsp;km *Nordschleife* ("Northern Loop"), and the 7.747&nbsp;km *Südschleife* ("Southern Loop"). There also was a 2.281&nbsp;km warm-up loop called *Zielschleife* ("Finish Loop") or better known as *Betonschleife*, around the pit area.

Between 1982 and 1983 the start-finish area was demolished to create a new *GP-Strecke*, and this is currently used for all major and international racing events.

## References 
## Other websites
* Official website: German | English
* Ben Lovejoy's Nurburgring website 
* Nurburgring Explorer website
* One full Nordschleife lap with an on-board camera
* One lap GP track with on-board camera
Ranger Uranium Mine

**Ranger Uranium Mine** is a large uranium deposit in the Kakadu National Park. The uranium is legally owned by the Australian Government, and is sold internationally. This mining, and the presence of uranium in Kakadu have come under controversy, due to the widespread publicity regarding the potential danger of nuclear power and uranium mining.

Kakadu is on the World Heritage List, both for its cultural and natural value, a rare feat because few sites are featured for both reasons.

## References
Nevada Test Site

The **Nevada Test Site** is an area set aside for the testing of nuclear weapons. It is looked after by the United States Department of Energy. It is in Nye County, Nevada, about 65 miles (105&nbsp;km) northwest of Las Vegas. 

The site was begun on January 11, 1951. It covers an area of 1,350 square miles (3,500&nbsp;km²) of desert and mountain lands. Nuclear testing at the Nevada Test Site began with a one-kiloton (4 terajoule) bomb. This was the same explosive force as a bomb using 1,000 metric tons of TNT. This bomb was dropped on Frenchman Flat on January 27, 1951. Many of the famous photos of the nuclear age were taken at the Nevada Test Site.

When testing ended in 1992, the Energy Department said that more than 300 million curies of radiation remained, making the site one of the most retroactively contaminated places in the United States. 

## References
Napoleon (Animal Farm)

**Napoleon** is a character in the book *Animal Farm*. Together with Snowball, he is a boar that Mr. Jones is breeding for sale at the market. Napoleon is the only Berkshire boar on Manor Farm. He is fierce-looking, large, and very stubborn, wanting things to be done his own way. Napoleon is very selfish and only cares about his own good. 

## Symbolism 
Napoleon is based on Stalin of the October Revolution, who harshly ruled the entire Soviet Union. Napoleon's name is derived from the French conqueror with the same name.
Snowball (Animal Farm)

**Snowball** is a character in the book *Animal Farm*. Like Napoleon, Snowball is a boar raised by Mr. Jones for sale. Unlike Napoleon, Snowball's plans and projects are targeted at improving the quality of Manor Farm. He is a vivacious pig, quick in speech, and a brilliant inventor, because he had the idea to build the windmill. He was the leader and also wanted to be democratic because he wanted that the farm stick together. He payed attention that everyone is treating each other right. Most of the animals like Snowball because of that and because he is very kind and helpful. He also helped other animals to read and write. He also got the ´´Animal Hero, First Classˋˋ prize because he fought against mean farmers and won. Snowball created a flag for the Animal Farm and seven rules. 

Snowball was forced to leave the farm because Napoleon wanted to get rid of him, to be the one and only leader of Animal Farm. He gets the fault that he destroyed the windmill because Napoleon wants that the other animals do not like him anymore. Napoleon told the other animals that Snowball is a bad pig and that he didn’t had the idea to build the windmill. Napoleon also said so many false facts about Snowball that the othter farm animals start to forget the real Snowball. Even trough he didn‘t destroyed the windmill. Because of all that the animals live now a horrible life. The reason of that is that Napoleon treats the animals wrong, they have to work too much and barely eat. While the pigs live a luxurious life, breaking the rules.

Snowball is based on Trotsky of the October Revolution, who was exiled by Stalin and later murdered by the KGB (Soviet secret police) on Stalin's order.
Anti-nuclear movement in Australia

Australia has no nuclear power stations and the Rudd Labor government was opposed to nuclear power for Australia.  However, Australia does have a small research reactor (OPAL) in Sydney, and it does export uranium. 

Uranium mining and export and nuclear issues have often been the subject of public debate, and the anti-nuclear movement in Australia has a long history. It began with the 1972–73 debate over French nuclear testing in the Pacific, which involved several groups, and the 1976–77 debate about uranium mining in Australia. 

## Issues
 in Kakadu National Park]]

The case against nuclear power and uranium mining in Australia has been concerned with the impacts of nuclear energy; with the shortcomings of nuclear power as an energy source; and with presenting a sustainable energy strategy. The most prominent adverse impact of nuclear power is seen to be its potential contribution towards proliferation of nuclear weapons. For example, the 1976 Ranger Inquiry report stated that "The nuclear power industry is unintentionally contributing to an increased risk of nuclear war. This is the most serious hazard associated with the industry". 

The health risks associated with nuclear materials have also been of concern. This has been the case worldwide because of incidents like the Chernobyl disaster, but Australian concerns have also involved specific local factors such as controversy over the health effects of nuclear testing in Australia and the South Pacific, and the emergence of prominent anti-nuclear campaigner Helen Caldicott, who is a medical practitioner. 

The economics of nuclear power has been a factor in anti-nuclear campaigns, with critics arguing that such power is uneconomical in Australia, particularly given the country's abundance of coal resources.

From the perspective of the anti-nuclear movement, most of the problems with nuclear power today are much the same as in the 1970s. Nuclear reactor accidents remain a possibility and no convincing solution to the problem of long-lived radioactive waste has been proposed. Nuclear weapons proliferation continues to occur. The alternatives to nuclear power, energy efficiency and renewable energy (especially wind power), have been further developed and commercialised.

## Related pages
*Anti-nuclear movement in the United States
*Nuclear energy policy

## References
Parallel port

The **parallel port** (also known as a printer port or Centronics port) is a type of interface found on computers for connecting various peripherals. In computing, a parallel port is a parallel communication physical interface. It was a de facto industry standard for many years, and was finally standardized as IEEE 1284 in the late 1990s, which defined a bi-directional version of the port. 

The parallel port interface was originally known as the Parallel Printer Adapter on IBM PC-compatible computers. It was primarily designed to operate a line printer that used IBM's 8-bit extended ASCII character set to print text, but could also be used to adapt other peripherals. Graphical printers, along with a host of other devices, have been designed to communicate with the system.

In the 21st century, the parallel port interface is seeing decreasing use because of the rise of Universal Serial Bus (USB) and FireWire (IEEE 1394) devices, along with network printing using Ethernet.
Squealer (Animal Farm)

**Squealer** is a fictional pig character on Manor Farm in the book *Animal Farm*. Squealer is a very fat little piglet, with round cheeks, twinkling eyes, nimble movements, coupled together with a shrill voice. While arguing a difficult point, he skips from side to side and whisks his tail around in a persuasive manner, allowing him to lie with ease. The pig is seen as the propagandist in the book and his ability to use language well makes his speeches believable by the other less intelligent animals. Squealer is also uses rhetorical language to manipulate animals.

Quotes: Squealer, the master propagandist in Animal Farm, justifies Napoleon's dictatorship and manipulates the animals through fear and false statistics. Key quotes include "Napoleon is always right", "Surely there is no one among you who wants to see Jones come back?", and the deceptive, "It is for YOUR sake that we drink that milk and eat those apples". 
Famous Quotes and Rhetoric
"No one believes more firmly than Comrade Napoleon that all animals are equal. He would be only too happy to let you make your decisions for yourselves. But sometimes you might make the wrong decisions, comrades, and then where should we be?"
"Comrades! ... You do not imagine, I hope, that we pigs are doing this in a spirit of selfishness and privilege? ... Our sole object in taking these things is to preserve our health." (Regarding milk and apples)
"Do not imagine, comrades, that leadership is a pleasure!"
"Bravery is not enough. Loyalty and obedience are more important."
"The others said of Squealer that he could turn black into white." (Chapter 2)

Squealer is based on the Russia media of Stalin's time, and all the advertisement of Stalin.
Anti-nuclear movement in the United States

For many years the **anti-nuclear movement in the United States** succeeded in delaying or halting commitments to build some new nuclear plants. Anti-nuclear campaigns that captured national public attention in the 1970s involved the Calvert Cliffs Nuclear Power Plant, Seabrook Station Nuclear Power Plant, Diablo Canyon Power Plant, Shoreham Nuclear Power Plant, and the Three Mile Island accident. Pilgrim Nuclear Generating Station, Salem Nuclear Power Plant, Vermont Yankee Nuclear Power Plant, Idaho National Laboratory, proposed Yucca Mountain waste repository, the Hanford Site, the Nevada Test Site, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, and transportation of nuclear waste from the Los Alamos National Laboratory. Many different groups have been involved in various protests and demonstrations over the years.

More than eighty anti-nuclear groups are operating, or have operated, in the United States. These include: Abalone Alliance, Clamshell Alliance, Greenpeace USA,  Institute for Energy and Environmental Research, Musicians United for Safe Energy, Nevada Desert Experience, Nuclear Control Institute, Nuclear Information and Resource Service, Public Citizen Energy Program, Shad Alliance, and the Sierra Club.

Anti-nuclear protests reached a peak in the 1970s and 1980s and grew out of the environmental movement. Campaigns that captured national public attention involved the Calvert Cliffs Nuclear Power Plant, Seabrook Station Nuclear Power Plant, Diablo Canyon Power Plant, Shoreham Nuclear Power Plant, and Three Mile Island. On June 12, 1982, one million people demonstrated in New York City's Central Park against nuclear weapons and for an end to the cold war arms race. It was the largest anti-nuclear protest and the largest political demonstration in American history. International Day of Nuclear Disarmament protests were held on June 20, 1983 at 50 sites across the United States. There were many Nevada Desert Experience protests and peace camps at the Nevada Test Site during the 1980s and 1990s.

More recent campaigning by anti-nuclear groups has related to several nuclear power plants including the Enrico Fermi Nuclear Power Plant, Indian Point Energy Center, Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station, Pilgrim Nuclear Generating Station, the Idaho National Laboratory, Yucca Mountain nuclear waste repository proposal, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory,

Some scientists and engineers have expressed reservations about nuclear power, including: Barry Commoner, S. David Freeman, John Gofman, Arnold Gundersen, Mark Z. Jacobson, Amory Lovins, Arjun Makhijani, Gregory Minor, M.V. Ramana, Joseph Romm and Benjamin K. Sovacool. Scientists who have opposed nuclear weapons include Paul M. Doty, Hermann Joseph Muller, Linus Pauling, Eugene Rabinowitch, M.V. Ramana and Frank N. von Hippel.

## References
2006 Palestinian legislative election

On 25 January 2006, Palestinians voted for the Palestinian Legislative Council (PLC), the legislature of the Palestinian National Authority (PNA). Without counting the 2005 municipal elections and the 9 January 2005 presidential election, this was the first election to the PLC since 1996; since then, elections had been delayed several times due to the continuing Israeli-Palestinian conflict. Palestinian voters in the Gaza Strip and the West Bank, including East Jerusalem, were allowed to participate in the election.

Final results show that Hamas won the election with 74 seats. The ruling party, Fatah, only got 45, giving Hamas the majority of the 132 available seats and the chance to form a majority government on their own. Analysis of election results shows that the number of seats each party won agrees with their percentage of the vote for the 66 list seats. Hamas is overrepresented in the 66 district seats because it was nominated more strategically than Fatah and did not have to compete with third parties and independents for the same voters' support.

The Prime Minister, Ahmed Qurei, resigned, but at the request of President Mahmoud Abbas, remained as interim Prime Minister until February 19, when Hamas leader Ismail Haniya formed the new government. The Quartet threatened to cut funds to the Palestinian Authority following the elections.

## Related pages 
* Ismail Haniyeh

## References
Tizimín

**Tizimín** is a city in Mexico. The city is 100 miles east of Mérida city.

In the Maya language, Tizimín means tapir. A tapir is a big animal that lives in South America.

## References
Come See the Paradise

***Come See the Paradise*** is a movie made in 1990. It is about people from Japanese families in the United States during World War II. The movie shows how some of those people were put into prison because they were Japanese.

## References
Dick Locher

**Richard Earl "Dick" Locher** (June 4, 1929 &ndash; August 6, 2017) was a cartoonist. He has made cartoons for lots of things, including the Chicago Tribune. He has also made cartoons for *Life*, *Time*, *Newsweek*, *U.S. News and World Report*, *Forbes*, and the *Congressional Record*. He was born in Dubuque, Iowa.

Locher died of Parkinson's disease on August 6, 2017 in Naperville, Illinois, aged 88.

## References
Tisza (disambiguation)

**Tisza** can be any of the following:
* River Tisza
* István Tisza (1861–1918) Hungarian prime minister,
* Kálmán Tisza (1830–1902) Hungarian president,
* Lajos Tisza (1832–1898) - Hungarian politician
* Tisza Cipő - A popular Hungarian sports shoe brand
* Laszlo Tisza - A Hungarian physicist and philosopher of science
Tisa (disambiguation)

**Tisa** can be any of the following:

* Tisza River
* Tisa, a village in Hălmagiu Commune, Arad County, Romania
* Tisa, a village in Sănduleni Commune, Bacău County, Romania
* Tisa, a village in Burjuc Commune, Hunedoara County, Romania
* Tisa, a village in Bocicoiu Mare Commune, Maramureş County, Romania
* Tisa, a village in Sângeru Commune, Prahova County, Romania
* Tisa, a village in Băile Olăneşti, Vâlcea County, Romania
Brad Henry

**Charles Bradford "Brad" Henry, Jr.** (born June 10, 1963) is an American politician. He was the Governor of the U.S. state of Oklahoma.