open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi

**Ibrahim Awwad** (), known by his pseudonym **Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi** (; 28 July 1971 On 4 October 2011, the US State Department listed al-Baghdadi as a Specially Designated Global Terrorist, and announced a reward of up to US$10 million for information leading to his capture or death. His father was Awwad Ibrahim, a religious cleric. The family belonged to al-Badri tribe.

On 11 July 2017, the Syrian Observatory for Human Rights was quoted by *Reuters* and *AFP* as saying that it had "confirmed information" that al-Baghdadi has been killed by a Russian airstrike in Syria sometime in June 2017 at the either age of 45.

However, on 28 September 2017, Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant released a 46-minute audio recording of al-Baghdadi in which he refers to events that had happened since the death rumors, including North Korean threats against Japan and United States and the recapture of Mosul by U.S. backed Iraqi forces in July.

On 26 October 2019, Baghdadi killed himself by detonating a bomb on his chest during a United States special operations raid in Syria's northwestern Idlib province  in a village called Barisha. This is confirmed by US President Donald Trump at 9am EST (1300 GMT).

Abu Ibrahim al-Hashimi al-Qurashi replaced him as the leader of ISIS.

## Personal life 
Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi had several wives, including Asma Fawzi Muhammad al-Dulaimi, Israu Rajab Mahal al-Qaisi, Sujida al-Dulaimi (also known as "Saja") and, according to various media reports, German teenager Diane Kruger. He had children from these marriages, including a son named Huzaifa al-Badri, who was killed in action in 2018. During the Barisha raid, two or three of his children died along with him. In addition, al-Baghdadi had siblings, including Rasmia Awad, who was detained by Turkish authorities, and Juma, who acted as a courier for him. Other relatives such as Duaa Amid Ibrahim and Abu Ahmed al-Samarrai were also involved or associated with his activities.

Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi's three daughters. One of his daughters, Umaima al-Baghdadi, was married to ISIS leader Abu Nuradin Rustamov, who was killed by a US F-16 fighter-bomber in 2016.

## References
Characterization

**Characterization** is the idea of making characters for a narrative. It is a literary element and may be used in dramatic works of art or everyday conversation. Characters can be shown by description. They can also be shown through their speech, thoughts, or actions.

## References
## Other websites
* by Dr. Marilyn H. Stauffer of the University of South Florida
*Character and characterisation  in ''The UVic Writer's Guide''  (from the University of Victoria)
*Drama Theory 
*15 Days to Stronger Characters
*Characterisation thesaurus for writers
Narrative

A **narrative** is a literary term for the events that make up a story. It is the way the events connect and make up the plot of a story or book.

A narrative reports connected events, presented to the person reading or listener in a sequence of written or spoken words.

A common term for narrative is **plot**. The study on structure in narratives is called narratology.

## Related pages
*Narrative poetry
*Narrator
*Theme (narrative)
## References
TNA Unbreakable

**Unbreakable** was a professional wrestling pay-per-view show made by Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA). It was held on September 11, 2005 at the TNA Impact! Zone in Orlando, Florida. It was the first and only Unbreakable event that TNA held and was also the ninth event in TNA's 2005 pay-per-view schedule.

There were nine matches on the card and two pre-show matches. The main event was a Three Way match between then-champion Christopher Daniels, A.J. Styles and Samoa Joe. Styles ended up winning the match and became the new X Division Champion. Another top card match saw Raven defeat Rhino in a Raven's Rules match for the NWA World Heavyweight Championship.

Unbreakable gained positive reviews. The Three Way TNA X Division Championship match earned a rare 5 star rating from Dave Meltzer which was the first that the promotion had received. Corey David Lacroix of the professional wrestling section of the Canadian Online Explorer rated the show 8 out of 10, and said "TNA's Unbreakable PPV was an astounding buffet of action, catering to the variety of tastes among professional wrestling fans."

## Matches
## References
Literary technique

A **literary technique** is any  an author uses to tell their message. This makes it easy to tell them from literary elements, which are mostly found in literature.

## References
Literary element

A **literary element** is a part of books and stories of narrative fiction. It is kind of verbal storytelling. It can be found in any written or spoken narrative. This is different than literary techniques. For example, plot, theme, and tone are literary elements. Figurative language, irony, or foreshadowing are literary techniques.

Literary elements help in the discussion and understanding of a work of literature as basic categories of critical analysis; literary elements could be said to be made by the readers of a work just as much as they are produced by its author. They are a kind of literary education at the primary and secondary level. A set of terms often appear in a school's student evaluations. For example, the New York State Comprehensive English Regents Examinations make students use and talk about literary elements relating to works in each of the two essays.

## References
Acidophile

An **acidophile** is an extremophile organism which thrives in extremely acidic conditions. What "acidic" usually means here is environments at pH 2.0 or below. These organisms can be found in different branches of the tree of life, including Archaea, Bacteria, and a few eukaryotes.

Inside the organisms, their cells are at a normal pH. They have evolved mechanisms which pump protons (H+) out of the intracellular space in order to keep the cytoplasm at or near neutral pH.
Lynsey de Paul

**Lynsey de Paul** (11 June 1948 – 1 October 2014) was an English singer-songwriter. She was known for representing the U.K. in the 1977 with Mike Moran on "Rock Bottom" at Eurovision. She was also known for her songs, *"Sugar Me"*, "Getting a Drag",''"Won't Somebody Dance With Me"*, Ooh I Do", "No Honestly", "My Man and Me", *"Storm In A Teacup*" and *"Sleeping Blue Nights''".

De Paul was born in London, England. She was never married, but was known for being in relationships with Ringo Starr, Roy Wood, James Coburn, Sean Connery, Bill Kenwright, Bernie Taupin, Chas Chandler and Dudley Moore.

De Paul suffered a brain hemorrhage on the morning of 1 October 2014. She died in a London hospital hours later, aged 66.

## References
## Other websites
*Official website 
*
Joyride (album)

***Joyride*** is the third studio album by Roxette. The album has the songs "Joyride" and "Fading Like a Flower". "Joyride" hit #1 on the *Billboard* Hot 100. In June 1991, it became the best selling album in Europe for 2 weeks.

This album was released on March 28, 1991.
Ken Dunek

**Ken Dunek** (born June 20, 1957) was a professional football player with the Philadelphia Eagles.  Dunek went to college at Memphis State (now known as University of Memphis).  During college, he played forward on the basketball team. He switched to football his senior year.  In 1980, he started playing with the Philadelphia Eagles. Since leaving the Eagles, he has worked as an author and motivational speaker.

## References
Foreshadowing

illustration, the Rhinemaidens warn Siegfried of a curse, foreshadowing the disasters of *Götterdämmerung*.]]
**Foreshadowing** or **guessing ahead** is a literary device by which an author hints what is to come. It is used to avoid disappointment, and sometimes used to arouse readers.

## Example
*Foreshadowing is used in the works of John Steinbeck. In *Of Mice and Men*, **Lennie** accidentally kills a mouse, a puppy dog and finally '''Curley's Wife**. This foreshadows his own death. When **Carlson''' kills Candy's Dog, **Candy** told George, "I ought to of shot that dog myself" making George later chose to kill Lennie himself to save him from dying by the hands of a stranger. Doing it the way that Carlson did it was for the best because, "He won't even feel it." 

## References
Joyride (song)

**"Joyride"** is a 1991 song from Roxette. The song is about falling in love.

The single topped the charts in Europe, the United States and Australia. It hit #1 on the *Billboard* Hot 100.

The song was released on February 27, 1991.
Pope Shenouda III of Alexandria

**Pope Shenouda III** (3 August 1923&nbsp;– 17 March 2012) was the 117th Pope of Alexandria & Patriarch of the See of St. Mark. His papacy lasted for forty years, four months, and four days from 14 November 1971 until his death on 17 March 2012.

Pope Shenouda III died on 17 March 2012 in Cairo, Egypt from respiratory and kidney failure, aged 88.

## References
## Other websites
* Official website 
* Pope Shenouda III&nbsp;– Coptic Orthodox Church Network: Biography, Online Books, and Audio Sermons
* Some Articles by Pope Shenouda III in English 
* More information about the life of Pope Shenouda III&nbsp;– from Saint Takla Haymanout the Ethiopian Church, Alexandria, Egypt
* Common declaration of Pope Shenouda III and Pope Paul VI (1973)
* Pope Shenouda III's story and life in Arabic and English 
* Pope Shenouda III's Life
Critical analysis

**Critical analysis** is to examine something that someone has said. It means to study the individual parts of the work.

## References
Theme (narrative)

**Theme** in writing is what you think is important in a story or narrative. It is the big idea of the work. 

In contemporary literary studies, a **theme** is how the central topic a text, book, or story is treated. Themes can be divided into two categories: a work's *thematic concept* is what readers "think the work is about" and its *thematic statement* being "what the work says about the subject".

The most common understanding of theme is an idea or point that is central to a story. It can be summed in a single word (e.g. love, death, betrayal). Some examples of themes of this type are conflict between the person and society; getting to adult age; humans in conflict with technology; nostalgia.

A theme may be shown by the actions, words said, or thoughts of a character in a novel. An example of this would be the theme loneliness in John Steinbeck's *Of Mice and Men*. Many of the characters are lonely. It may be different from the book's or author's view of the world. 

## References
Figurative language

**Figurative language** is language that describes something by comparing it with something else. The language goes from the actual meaning of the words at face value to cause a special meaning. The figurative meaning is different from the literal meaning. For example, the sentence "When she heard the news, she was over the moon and jumped for joy" means that she was very happy, not that she was flying above the moon or jumping up and down.
 
Literal language has words and groups of words that do not go away from their meaning. Non-literal, or figurative, language has words and groups of words that change the normal meanings of words.

Literal use of language is the "normal" meanings of the words. It has the same meaning regardless of the context. The intended meaning is the same as the real meaning of the individual words.

Figurative use of language is the use of words or phrases in a manner in which the literal meaning of the words is not true or does not make sense. It "implies a non-literal meaning which does make sense or that could be true".

## References
Province of Quebec (1763–1791)

The **Province of Quebec** was a colony in North America that was created by Great Britain after the Seven Years' War in which the British acquired New France by the Treaty of Paris (1763). After a long debate, France negotiated to keep Guadeloupe, a small island in the Caribbean, which was rich in sugar, Saint Pierre and Miquelon, small islands in the Atlantic with major fishery resources.

In the Royal Proclamation of 1763, the British renamed Canada, which was part of New France, to the Province of Quebec. The province extended from the coast of Labrador, on the Atlantic Ocean, southwest through the Saint Lawrence River Valley to the Great Lakes and beyond to the confluence of the Ohio and the Mississippi Rivers.

Portions of its southwest, below the Great Lakes, were ceded to the United States in the Treaty of Paris (1783), which ended the American Revolutionary War.

## References
Losing My Religion

"**Losing My Religion**" is a 1991 rock song from R.E.M.. The song became R.E.M.'s highest charting song for the United States. It hit #4 on *Billboard* Hot 100. It was nominated for several Grammy Awards. It won two.

The song was released on February 19, 1991.

R.E.M. guitarist Peter Buck wrote the riff and chorus to the song on a mandolin while learning to play it. Buck had just bought the instrument and was recording the music as he practiced. Buck said that "when I listened back to it the next day, there was a bunch of stuff that was really just me learning how to play mandolin, and then there's what became 'Losing My Religion', and then a whole bunch more of me learning to play the mandolin."

## Further reading 
* Black, Johnny. *Reveal: The Story of R.E.M.* Backbeat Books, 2004. 

## References
Casualty (person)

A **casualty** in military usage is a person in military service, who becomes unavailable for duty due to death or  injury. It also includes illness, capture, desertion, etc.; or a civilian casualty.

In civilian usage the word "casualty" is properly used for a person who is killed, wounded or injured by some event. It is usually used to describe multiple deaths and injuries due to violent incidents or disasters. *Casualties* is sometimes loosely used to mean *fatalities*, but non-fatal injuries are also casualties.

## Reference
Pedro Peña (actor)

**Pedro Peña Allén** (December 14, 1925 &ndash; October 2, 2014) was an Spanish actor. He was known for his roles in *Médico de familia* (1995), *Un paso adelante* (2002) and *Dulce* (2011). He was born in Tordehumos, Spain.

Peña died in Madrid, Spain from Alzheimer's disease, aged 88.

## References
## Other websites
*
Narratology

**Narratology** is the study of structure in narratives. The theory of narrative or narratology was developed in the 1960s. Narratology is based on the idea of a common literary language. Narratives are found and told through oral and written language. Narratology has helped to make it easier to understand the how and why of narrative. 

## References
## Other websites
*http://wikis.sub.uni-hamburg.de/lhn/index.php/Main_Page  - The Living Handbook of Narratology
*http://www.units.miamioh.edu/technologyandhumanities/narratology.htm  - Notes on Narratology
*http://www.nou-la.org/ling/1975a-theonarreme.pdf - THBORIE DES NARRGMES ET ALGORITHMES NARRATIFS
Red shirts

**Redshirts** or **Red coats** is the name given to the s who followed Giuseppe Garibaldi. He was an Italian revolutionary who unified Italy by conquering the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies in 1861. 
The name came from the color of their shirts.

## References
Man Against Machine

***Man Against Machine*** is the tenth studio album by Garth Brooks. The album was released on November 11, 2014. It was Brooks' second studio album on his new label Pearl Records. It was his first studio album new material in nine years.

## References
## Other websites
* Garth Brooks official website
Literary term

A literary term is a word that is used in talking or writing about books and stories. They are words used to describe different kinds of writing by an author.

## References
Military intelligence

**Military intelligence** is information about a real or possible enemy. The information has first been  and . It can include the terrain, the weather, and any other information about a theater of operations. Military intelligence gathering has a long history with military studies.

## History 
During the Battle of Kadesh in  BC Egyptian, Pharaoh Ramses II was known to have had court spies. In the biblical Book of Genesis, Joseph thought that his brothers were Canaanite spies.

The Chinese general and strategist Sun Tzu (544 BC – 496 BC) wrote about the importance of military intelligence. In his book, *The Art of War*, he wrote, "If you know both yourself and your enemy you can win a hundred battles without jeopardy." He  the importance of using spies to learn an enemy's strength and what it was doing. What he meant was war can even be avoided if the enemy is fred enough bad information.

When Major General Joseph Hooker took command of the Army of the Potomac, he ordered Colonel George H. Sharpe to establish an intelligence unit. In 1863, they established the Bureau of Military Information. The information they gathered was amazingly accurate. They calculated the size of the Confederate Army of Northern Virginia within 2% of the actual number. By the war's end, Sharpe knew more about the Army of Northern Virginia than many Confederate officers. One of the best sources of military information for Sharpe's organization was the slaves who had used the Underground Railroad to escape the South.

During World War I, intelligence became better organized. For the first time, airplanes were used to gather intelligence. Air observers would fly with a pilot and diagram and map battlefields. They would also photograph intelligence targets and count troops. Operators at listening stations reported on enemy communications. Military planners had no data on the climate of their target area. In many cases, they did not even have accurate maps of the area. In the 17th and 18th centuries, army quartermasters, in addition to providing supplies, also  terrain and planned the routes that their armies would take. One of the first major improvements in gaining scientific knowledge of terrain was during the Russo-Japanese War (1904–1905). The Russians used geologists to do a detailed survey of Korea. They also used geologists to advise them in building fortifications.

## Modern military intelligence 
In addition to intelligence gathering on other countries, terrorism is also a major concern of military intelligence. Intelligence gathering by examining communications signals has been a regular activity of military intelligence. Since 2005, military and other intelligence services have also monitored the Internet. Often, military and civilian intelligence gathering have different goals and s. Both of them gather their own intelligence and do not always share information.

## References 
## Other websites 
* The Uncertain Oracle; Some Intelligence Failures Revisited (Pdf) 
* The History of the Intelligence Corps (Pdf) 
* The Mongol Intelligence Apparatus (Pdf)
Granada Cathedral

**Granada Cathedral** (also called **Cathedral of the Incarnation**) is a cathedral in Granada, Spain. It is a Roman Catholic cathedral and is the seat of the Archdiocese of Granada. The site was once the center of Muslim Spain. In 1532 the Archbishop of Granada laid the cornerstone for the cathedral. The cathedral features a large number of paintings by the artist, sculptor and architect Alonso Cano.

## References 
## Other websites
* Guide to monuments of Granada: the Cathedral 
* Granada Pictures
* *Del arte árabe en España* Book about Arab Art in Spain by Rafael Contreras y Muñoz, pages 1 to 7.
* Information on the Cathedrals of Granada on the Spain.info website. 
* History of the monuments of Granada in English 
* Detailed maps of Granada
* Information on the Cathedrals of Granada on a Nicaraguan website 
* Tourist Guide to Granada Cathedral and other places of tourist interest in Spain. 
* Photo Gallery: Granada Cathedral of Incarnation ~ Spain
* Ixigo Granada Cathedral Photos
1st Army (Russian Empire)

The **Russian First Army** was a World War I Russian field army that fought on the Eastern Front for two years. 

## August 1914 
It was commanded by General Paul Rennenkampf when Russia invaded East Prussia at the outbreak of war in 1914. They were accompanied by the Second Army commanded by General Alexander Samsonov. On 17 August the First Army engaged the Germans at Stallupönen. They fought the Germans again on 20 August at Gumbinnen and defeated them. Rennenkampf kept his troops in good order as they retreated. He was replaced by General Litvinov. The First Army again fought at Thorn and Lódź but there was no clear cut winner.

## December 1914 
The First army evacuated Lódź and returned to their own lines for the remainder of the winter. The First Army served on the Northwestern front for the rest of the war. 

## References
Offensive (military)

An **offensive** is an aggressive military operation usually aimed at an enemy force. It is also called an attack, an advance or an invasion. An offensive can be conducted on land, at sea or in the air. A common goal of an offensive is to engage the enemy in a battle. It can also be used to get an enemy to withdraw and avoid a battle.

A tactical offensive is an operation that is usually smaller or more limited. It often involves the use of special forces (or specialized forces). It often has a limited task such as the capture of a bridge or stronghold. A strategic offensive usually involves larger forces and usually has long-range goals.

## References
Jack Hills

The **Jack Hills** are a range of hills in Western Australia. They include the oldest material of terrestrial origin found on Earth. These are zircons which formed about 4.4 billion years ago (bya). The oldest zircon with the most consistent date is closer to 4.35 bya.

This zircon is part of a population of zircons in the metamorphosed conglomerate. They were deposited about 3.060&nbsp;bya, which is the age of the youngest detrital zircon in the rock. 

The zircons are used in research on the conditions on Earth in the Hadean eon. 

## Comparisons 
We have samples of rock from the Moon which are older than these zircons. The "Genesis Rock", got from the Moon by astronauts in the Apollo 15 mission, has been dated at 4.46 billion years. This is one of the oldest known rocks on Earth, though it originated on the Moon. During Apollo 16, older rocks were brought back.

The Allan Hills 84001 meteorite was blasted off from Mars by meteorite impact about 4.5 bya, and crystallised 4.091 bya. It arrived on Earth about 13,000 years ago. These figures were got by a number of radiometric dating techniques.

## References
Robert Flower

**Robert Flower** (5 August 1955 – 2 October 2014) was an Australian rules footballer. He played with Melbourne Football Club. His first game was against Geelong in 1973. He captained the team from 1981 until his final game in 1987. He held the record for the number of games for his club, 272, until overtaken by David Neitz in 2006. Flower was born in Melbourne, Victoria.

Flower died on 2 October 2014, after a short illness.

## References
Kevin Metheny

**Kevin Metheny** (c. 1954 – October 3, 2014) was an American radio executive. He was played by Paul Giamatti in the 1997 movie, *Private Parts*. His final job in the radio industry was as operations manager of KGO-AM/KSFO-AM (San Francisco).

Metheny died in San Francisco, California from a suspected heart attack, aged 60.

## References
Ward Ruyslinck

**Raymond De Belser** (17 June 1929 – 3 October 2014), pseudonym **Ward Ruyslinck**, was a Belgian writer. He was born in Berchem, Belgium. He was known for his book *Wierook en tranen* ("*Incense and Tears*"). He won the *Prijs voor Letterkunde van de Vlaamse provincies* for this work. In 1966, he wrote the bittersweet fairy tale *Golden Ophelia*.

Ward Ruyslinck retired in 1984. His wife committed suicide in 1980. Afterwards, he moved to Meise to live with his mistress Monika Lo Cascio. Ruyslinck and Cascio wrote the autobiographical novel *De speeltuin* ("The Playground") in 1992.

Ruyslinck, who had from Alzheimer's disease, died on 3 October 2014 in a retirement home in Meise.

## References
Jean-Jacques Marcel

**Jean-Jacques Marcel** (13 June 1931 – 3 October 2014) was a French footballer. He played at the World Cup tournaments in 1954 and 1958.

On 3 October 2014, it was announced by his former football club that Marcel died. He was 83.

## References
Shareef Abdur-Rahim

**Shareef Abdur-Rahim** (born December 11, 1976) is an American retired professional basketball player. He currently works as the director of player personnel for the Sacramento Kings of the National Basketball Association (NBA) and is the general manager of the Reno Bighorns, the Kings' NBA D-League affiliate.

Abdur-Rahim played college basketball at the University of California, Berkeley with the Golden Bears. He was selected 3rd overall by the Vancouver Grizzlies in the 1996 NBA Draft. During his time with the Grizzlies, he became the team's leading scorer and set a franchise record of 18.7 points per game. He averaged 6.9 rebounds and 2.2 assists in 35&nbsp;minutes per game.

On June 27, 2001, the Grizzlies traded Abdur-Rahim and the 27th overall pick to the Atlanta Hawks for Brevin Knight, Lorenzen Wright and Pau Gasol, the 3rd overall pick in the 2001 NBA Draft. The Hawks finished the 2001–02 season with a 33–49 win-loss record. Abdur-Rahim's performances, which included a career-high 50-point game, earned him a selection to the NBA All-Star game for the season. On December 28, 2002, he became the fifth-youngest player in NBA history to reach 10,000-points with a jump shot against the Washington Wizards. At the end of the 2004–05 NBA season, he became a free agent.

During the 2005 off-season, he was traded through a sign and trade agreement (in principle) to the New Jersey Nets for a first-round draft pick. On August 4, 2005, it was revealed that he failed a required physical because of scar tissue found in his knee. The trade was put on hold, pending a second opinion from other medical sources. On August 7, Abdur-Rahim was quoted as saying: "Right now I don't feel I want to be a Net".

On August 12, 2005, Abdur-Rahim signed a free-agent contract with the Sacramento Kings.

During his first season with the Kings, he averaged 16.0 ppg, 6.2 rpg and 3.0 apg as a starter. He shot .543 for field goal percentage, and almost .800 from the free throw line.

On September 22, 2008, Abdur-Rahim announced that he was retiring from basketball because of a constant knee injury. The next week, he joined the Kings' coaching staff as an assistant. He was hired as the Kings' assistant general manager on October 7, 2010.

## References
## Other websites
* NBA profile
Jean-Claude Duvalier

**Jean-Claude Duvalier** (), nicknamed "**Bébé Doc**" or "**Baby Doc**" (July 3, 1951&nbsp;– October 4, 2014) was the President of Haiti from 1971 until his overthrow by a popular uprising in 1986. He succeeded François "Papa Doc" Duvalier, his father, as the ruler of Haiti.

Duvalier died of a heart attack on October 4, 2014, at the age of 63.

## References
## Other websites
*
Splake

hybrid (above) and one splake hybrid (below)]]
The **splake** or **slake** (*Salvelinus namaeycush X Salvelinus fontinalis*) is a fish. It is the hybrid of a male brook trout (*Salvelinus fontinalis*) and a female lake trout (*Salvelinus namaycush*).  The name is a combination of speckled trout (another name for brook trout) and lake trout. The name may have been used as early as the 1880s. Hybrids of the male lake trout with the female brook trout (the so-called "brookinaw") have also been produced, but are not as successful.

## References
Bryant Reeves

**Bryant Reeves** (born June 8, 1973) is an American retired professional basketball player. He played six seasons with the Vancouver Grizzlies of the National Basketball Association (NBA). He was nicknamed **Big Country** by his college teammate Byron Houston after he was amazed through his first cross-country flight over the United States, having grown up in the small town of Gans, Oklahoma.

Reeves played college basketball at the Oklahoma State University–Stillwater with the Cowboys. During his time with the Cowboys, Reeves led the team to the 1995 Final Four and averaged 21.5 points per game as a senior player.

He was selected 6th overall by the Vancouver Grizzlies in the 1996 NBA Draft. He was the Grizzlies' first-ever draft choice. During his six seasons with the Grizzlies, he had averaged 13.3 points per game in his rookie season and he averaged 16.2 points per game in 1997. On July 8, 1997, Reeves was given a six-year, $61.8 million contract extension. Reeves' best season came in 1997-98, when averaged 16.3 points, 7.9 rebounds, 1.08 blocked shots per game, and scored a career-high 41 points against the Boston Celtics.

After 1998, he began suffering from both weight-control problems and injuries. His production numbers had fell off severely. The Grizzlies were still using Reeves as their starting center but both his minutes per game dropped and his field goal percentage had dropped. When the Grizzlies were moved to Memphis in 2001, Reeves had to start the season on the injured list because of continuing back pain and he was never able to play another game after only playing two preseason games with Memphis. Reeves retired from playing professional basketball on January 29, 2002.

Since retiring, Reeves moved back to Gans, Oklahoma where he owns a large cattle ranch just outside of Gans and lives with his wife and three children.

## References
## Other websites
*NBA profile
Castle of Almansa

The **Castle of Almansa** () is a castle in Almansa, Spain. It was declared *Bien de Interés Cultural* in 1921.

The Castle of Almansa was one of 100 finalists for the 12 Treasures of Spain in 2007.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Details about the castle 
* Images of castle
Seville Cathedral

**Seville Cathedral** is one of the famous Roman Catholic cathedrals in Spain. It is in Seville state. It is the third largest cathedral in the world and the largest Gothic style cathedral. It was consecrated in 1507.  In 1987, UNESCO added this church as a World Heritage site. 

In the early 16th century, Hagia Sophia made the church into a mosque. At that time, the cathedral was the largest church or cathedral in the world. Christopher Columbus is buried in this church.

## Gallery

File:Cathedral and Archivo de Indias - Seville.jpg|Seville Cathedral.
File:Sevilla kathedrale.jpg|Exterior of the Cathedral (South view).
File:View From Seville Cathedral 02.jpg|View from inside of La Giralda.
File:Seville Massive Se Cathedral Facade.jpg|Façade of the Cathedral.
Image:La Giralda - 2.jpg|Giralda as seen from the outside wall of the *Patio de los Naranjos*.
File:Torre de la Giralda - Plaza Virgen de los Reyes - Sevilla.jpg|Giralda from Plaza Virgen de Los Reyes .
File:Sevilla2005July 036.jpg|Cathedral rooves as seen from the Giralda.
File:Naves 001jpg.jpg|Interior of the Cathedral.
File:Spain Andalusia Seville BW 2015-10-23 12-30-25 stitch.jpg|Inside the Cathedral.
File:Vidriera catedral Sevilla 001.jpg|Inside the Cathedral.
File:Relicarios en la capilla de las Doncellas. (Catedral de Sevilla).jpg|Relics at the Cathedral.
File:Patio of the Oranges Gate, Seville Cathedral.jpg|Gate to the *Patio de los Naranjos*, part of the old Almohad mosque, now annexed to the Cathedral.
File:Pierre Dancart Altarpiece Seville.jpg|Pierre Dancart's masterpiece, considered one of the finest altarpieces in the world.
File:Cristo de los cálices.jpg|Montañés' Cristo de los Cálices (1603), located in the Sacristy.
File:Seville panorama.jpg|Panoramic view
File:Catedral de Santa María de la Sede. Interior.jpg|Inside the cathedral
File:Sevilla cathedral - vault.jpg|Details of vaults in front of main chapel

## References
## Other websites 
* Official website
* Interactive 360° panorama from Plaza del Triunfo with Cathedral, Alcázar and Archivo General de Indias (Java, highres, 0,9 MB)  
* acred-destinations 
* More information of Seville Cathedral as the monument of Spain 
* Great Building Website with more information about Seville Cathedral
* Bluffton University images and details pertaining to Catedral de Sevilla
Alcántara Bridge

**Alcántara Bridge** (also called **Puente Trajan at Alcantara**) is a Roman stone arch bridge. It was built over the Tagus River, Alcántara, Spain between 104 and 106 AD. The Roman emperor Trajan ordered this bridge built in 98 AD. The Alcántara Bridge was built at the expense of 12 local municipalities in Lusitania. The names were added on an inscription on the archway over the central pier.

The original length of this bridge was . It is now  long 

The Alcántara Bridge was one of 100 finalists for the 12 Treasures of Spain in 2007.

## References
## General references 
* David J. Brown, *Bridges* (New York: Macmillan Publishing Company, 1993), p.&nbsp;25
* Manuel Durán Fuentes, *La Construcción de Puentes Romanos en Hispania* (Santiago de Compostela: Xunta de Galicia, 2004), pp.&nbsp;194–200
* Vittorio Galliazzo, *I ponti romani, Catalogo generale* Vol. 2 (Treviso: Edizioni Canova, 1994), pp.&nbsp;353–358 (No. 754)
* Bernhard Graf, *Bridges that Changed the World* (Munich: Prestel, 2002), pp.&nbsp;20–21
* Colin O’Connor, *Roman Bridges* (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press), pp.&nbsp;109–111 (SP21)

## Other websites 
* 
* 
*
Cloud chamber

ever observed]]

A **cloud chamber** is a sealed box with a supersaturated vapour of water or alcohol. When a charged particle (e.g. an alpha or beta particle) goes through it, the vapour is ionized. The resulting ions act as nuclei, around which a mist forms from the vapour.

The high energies of alpha and beta particles mean that a trail is left by ions produced along the path of the charged particle. These tracks have distinctive shapes (for example, an alpha particle's track is broad and shows more evidence of deflection by collisions, while an electron's is thinner and straight). When any uniform magnetic field is applied across the cloud chamber, positively and negatively charged particles will curve in opposite directions, according to the Lorentz force law.

The cloud chamber was invented by Charles Wilson (1869–1959), a Scottish physicist who received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1927 for this work. The first cloud chamber was made in 1911. The invention was used in the early days of atomic physics. It is often called the 'Wilson chamber'. Since then a number of other types of particle detectors have been invented.

## References 
* Das Gupta N.N. & Ghosh S.K. 1946. A report on the Wilson cloud chamber and its applications in physics. *Reviews of Modern Physics*. **18**, 225–365.

## Other websites
*Many pictures of nuclear interaction and experiences
*Video demonstration of a cloud chamber , Peter Wothers, Royal Institution, December 2012
*Wilson's Original Apparatus 
*Radiation tracks in Cloud Chambers
Guggenheim Museum Bilbao

The **Guggenheim Museum Bilbao** is a museum of modern art.  It is in Abando, Bilbao, Spain. The museum was opened in 1997. It is one of the several museums belonging to Solomon R. Guggenheim foundation. This museum was designed by the architect Frank Gehry.  There are no flat surfaces in this building. The structure of the building is made of glass, titanium, and limestone.

"Frank Gehry’s Guggenheim Museum Bilbao not only changed the way that architects and people think about museums, but also boosted Bilbao’s economy with its astounding success."

The museum has three aims in its mission. The museum wants to bring together and help the public to interpret the arts of our time. They want to encourage art education. They also want to increase the knowledge of the public's understanding of the arts. The collections at the Guggenheim Museum Bilbao have works by the some of the most famous artists of the past four decades. There are works of many Work of art Parodies including Classical Baby, Little Einsteins, Starfall and BabyFirst. Spanish contemporary and Basque art are also displayed from some of the local and regional artists. 

There are over one hundred exhibitions in the museum. There have been approximately ten million visitors to the museum.

File:Bilbao.Guggenheim13.jpg|Bilbao Guggenheim
File:Bilbao.JPG|Bilbao Guggenheim
File:Guggenheim-bilbao-jan05.jpg|Bilbao Guggenheim
File:Guggenheim Museum, Bilbao, July 2010 (47).JPG|Guggenheim Museum, Bilbao, July 2010
File:Bilbao.Koons02.jpg|Bilbao Puppy by Jeff Koons
File:Bilbao Guggenheim Museum, Basque Country, Spain.JPG|Acrylics on fine art paper painting by Iñaki Crespo
File:Guggenheim Museum, Bilbao, July 2010 (44).JPG|Guggenheim Museum, Bilbao, July 2010
File:Guggenheim night 2 (3804035123).jpg|Guggenheim museum at night

## References
## Other websites
*http://www.guggenheim.org/bilbao  - Guggenheim Museum Bilbao
*http://www.bbc.com/culture/story/20131218-when-the-museum-is-the-art - Guggenheim Museum Bilbao: Art inside and out
Ewen Gilmour

**David Ewen Gilmour** ( 1963 – 2 October 2014), commonly known as **Ewen Gilmour**, was a New Zealand comedian and television presenter.

Gilmour began his comedy career in 1995. He won the Decade Award - Best Male Comedian - 2000 to 2010 at the 2010 NZ Comedy Guild Awards.

He has made many appearances on New Zealand television, including Pulp Comedy (1995),  Intrepid Journeys - Peru (2003), Celebrity Treasure Island (2003), Dancing with the Stars series one (2005), and  Comedy Christmas Cracker (2010). He was the host of the TV3 show "Road Madness", mainly about dangerous driving on New Zealand roads, which first aired in 2012.

On 3 October 2014 it was reported Gilmour died in his sleep, aged 51.

## References
## Other websites
* Official website
Purine

**Purine** is an organic compound made of carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen. It has the chemical formula . Purine is a cyclic compound with two rings (a bicyclic compound). The rings share two atoms, so they are called fused. One of the rings is pyrimidine, and  the other is imidazole. Because the rings have nitrogen, it is a heterocyclic compound.

**Purines** are a family of chemicals where some of the hydrogen atoms are replaced by other functional groups. Purines are common in nature. Adenine and guanine, two of the four nucleobases that DNA is made of, are purines. The xanthines are a group of purines that includes caffeine and theobromine.

## Sources
The Colbys

***The Colbys*** was an American primetime soap opera. It was a spin-off of *Dynasty*. It aired on ABC from November 1985 to March 1987. The stars of the series included Charlton Heston, John James, Emma Samms, Maxwell Caulfield, and Stephanie Beacham. This show was focused on the fictional rich Colby family from Los Angeles, California.

## Other websites 
*
Paul Revere (musician)

**Paul Revere Dick** (January 7, 1938 - October 4, 2014) was an American musician and organ player. In 1958, he and other musicians founded the group *Paul Revere & the Raiders*. They recorded many hits. He worked with the group until his death in 2014. Revere was born in Harvard, Nebraska.

Revere died from cancer in Garden Valley, Idaho, aged 76.

## References
## Other websites
*
Jerrie Mock

**Jerrie Mock** (November 22, 1925 – September 30, 2014) was the first woman who flew around the world by herself. She did so in 1964. She flew a single engine Cessna 180. It was named "Spirit of Columbus" and nicknamed "Charlie". The trip began on March 19, 1964 in Columbus, Ohio. It ended on April 17, 1964, also in Columbus. The trip took 29 days.

Mock was born in Newark, Ohio. She was found dead in Quincy, Florida.

Mock flew around the world before Amelia Earhart and by herself.

## References
Alan Henning

**Alan Henning** (15 August 1967 – c. 3 October 2014) was a British taxicab driver-turned-humanitarian aid worker. He was the fourth Western hostage killed by Islamic State (IS). Henning was captured during IS's occupation of the Syrian city of Al-Dana in December 2013, where he was helping with humanitarian relief.

The British Foreign Office withheld news of Henning's capture while they attempted to negotiate his release. Henning was shown at the end of David Cawthorne Haines's execution video, released on 13 September 2014, and referred to by "Jihadi John" as the next victim. A video of Henning's beheading was released by IS on 3 October 2014.

## References
David Cawthorne Haines

**David Cawthorne Haines** (9 May 1970 –  13 September 2014) was a British aid worker. He was captured by the Islamic State in early 2013. He was later executed by beheading in early September 2014.

## References
John J. Lloyd

**John J. Lloyd** (1922 &ndash; October 4, 2014) was an American art director and production designer. He was known for his work on such movies as ''National Lampoon's Animal House*, *The Blues Brothers*, *The Thing*, *Big Trouble in Little China*, and *The Naked Gun: From the Files of Police Squad!''. He was born in Detroit, Michigan.

Lloyd died in Santa Monica, California, aged 92.

## References
## Other websites
*
Uric acid

**Uric acid** is a chemical compound that mammals, such as humans, reptiles and birds excrete. It is a heterocyclic compound of carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and hydrogen with the formula C5H4N4O3. It forms ions and salts known as **urates** and **acid urates**. Uric acid is a product of the metabolic breakdown of purine nucleotides. 

High blood concentrations of uric acid (hyperuricaemia  in people can lead to gout. The chemical is associated with other medical conditions such as diabetes, hypertension, and the formation of kidney stones (ammonium acid urate).

## Related pages 
*Guano

## Notes
Fyodor Cherenkov

**Fyodor Fyodorovich Cherenkov** () (25 July 1959 — 4 October 2014) was a Soviet and Russian football midfielder. He played for Spartak Moscow (1977–90 and 1991–94) and Red Star Football Club (1990–91). Cherenkov made 34 appearances for USSR national football team, scoring 12 goals. He was born in Moscow, Russia.

Cherenkov died in Moscow, Russia, aged 55.

## References
## Other websites
*  Fyodor Cherenkov's profile  at Spartak's official website
*  Profile and interview
Anna Przybylska

**Anna Przybylska** (26 December 1978 &ndash; 5 October 2014) was a Polish actress and model. She was born in Gdynia, Poland. She was ranked high amongst the most beautiful Polish actresses. In 2004, she was chosen to be the Polish ambassador for the ASTOR cometics brand. Two years later, she became the European ambassador for ASTOR. She was known for her role as Jadzia in *Kariera Nikosia Dyzmy* (2002).

Przybylska died on 5 October 2014 from pancreatic cancer in Gdynia, Poland, aged 35. 

## References
Vaughn O. Lang

**Vaughn Olin Lang** (November 10, 1927 – October 2, 2014) was an American lieutenant general in the United States Army. Lang began his service as 2LT at the Officers’ Basic Course at Ft. Monmouth, New Jersey in 1952. He served in the Radio-Radar Procurement Branch and in the European Trans-Atlantic Project. Lang was a general during the Vietnam War. Lang was born in Williamsburg, Pennsylvania.

Lang died on October 2, 2014, at his home in Vienna, Virginia, aged 86.

## References
Elya Baskin

**Ilya (Elya) Zalmanovich Baskin** (; ; born 11 August 1950) is a Soviet-American actor of Jewish descent. He is known for his roles in *Moscow on Hudson*, *Air Force One*, *The Name of the Rose*, *2010*, *October Sky*, *Spider-Man 2*, and in *Transformers: Dark of the Moon*.

## References 
## Other websites
*
Niagara Movement

The **Niagara Movement**, was a civil rights group of African-American activists who wanted equal rights for blacks. It was led by W. E. B. Du Bois. The movement opposed the Atlanta Compromise by Booker T. Washington.

## Founding
Along with Du Bois and Trotter, Fredrick McGhee of St. Paul, Minnesota, and Charles Edwin Bentley of Chicago also recognized the need for a national activist group. The foursome organized a conference to be held July 11–13, 1905, in Buffalo, New York. 59 carefully selected anti-Bookerites were invited to attend; 29 showed up, including prominent community leaders and a notable number of lawyers. At the last minute, to avoid disruption, the meeting was moved to the Erie Beach Hotel in Fort Erie, Ontario, Canada, across the Niagara River from Buffalo.

The organization founded at this meeting chose Du Bois as its general secretary and Cincinnati lawyer George H. Jackson as treasurer. It set up committees to oversee progress on the organization's goals. State chapters would advance local agendas and disseminate information about the organization and its goals. Its name was chosen to reflect the site of its first meeting and to be representative of a "mighty current" of change its leaders sought to bring about. Seventeen founders were each appointed as state secretary to individually represent 17 of the states of the union:
*Massachusetts – CG Morgan
*Georgia – John Hope
*Arkansas – FB Coffin
*Illinois – CE Bentley 
*Kansas – B. S. Smith
*D.C. – L. M. Henshaw
*New York – G. F. Miller
*Virginia – James Robert Lincoln Diggs
*Colorado – C. A. Franklin
*Pennsylvania – G. W. Mitchell
*Rhode Island – Byron Gunner
*New Jersey – T. A. Spraggins
*Maryland – G.R. Waller
*Iowa – G. H. Woodson
*Tennessee – Richard Hill
*Minnesota – F. L. McGhee
*West Virginia – J. R. Clifford

## References
Harvard, Nebraska

**Harvard** is a city in Clay County, Nebraska, in the United States. As of the 2020 census, the city population was 951.

## References
Division of Moncrieff

The **Division of Moncrieff** is an Australian Electoral Division in Queensland. The division was created in 1984 and is named after Gladys Moncrieff (1892–1976), an Australian singer who lived in the area.

Moncrieff is located in south east Queensland, and includes the central area of the Gold Coast, including Surfers Paradise.

## Members
## Election results
## References
## Other websites
* Division of Moncrieff (Qld) &mdash; Australian Electoral Commission
Jules Bianchi

**Jules Bianchi** (3 August 1989 – 17 July 2015) was a French racing driver. He drove for the Marussia F1 team. He made his Formula One debut in 2013, driving for Marussia alongside Max Chilton. He previously raced in Formula Renault 3.5, the GP2 Series and Formula Three.

During the Japanese Grand Prix on 5 October, Bianchi's car crashed with a recovery vehicle which was helping to the car of Adrian Sutil, who had crashed the lap before. The race was cancelled after the crash. The FIA released a statement that CT scans have shown Bianchi suffered a "severe head injury" in the crash, and he will be transferred to intensive care following surgery. Bianchi died in Nice, France on 17 July 2015 from complications of his injuries at the age of 25.

## References
## Other websites
* 
* Jules Bianchi career statistics at Driver Database
Almansa

**Almansa** is a Spanish town and municipality in the province of Albacete.  The municipality borders with Alicante, Valencia and Murcia. Almansa is famous for its *Moros y Cristianos* festival celebrated from the 1st to the 6th of May.

Almansa is built at the foot of a white limestone cliff. It has a Moorish castle at the top. It is in the middle of a fertile and irrigated plain. About  south of the town centre there is an obelisk to remind people of the Battle of Almansa. The battle was fought there on the 25 April 1707 during the War of Spanish Succession. The Duke of Berwick who the son of James II defeated the allied British, Portuguese and Spanish troops.

The Sierra del Mugrón is located in the Almansa city limits.

## Main sights
The main sightseeing attraction is the 14th-century Castle of Almansa.

There are other important monuments, such as:
*Assumption Church (16th-19th century)
*Palace of *Los Condes de Cirat* (16th century), today the Town  Hall
*Church of the *Agustinas* Convent (18th century)
*The Convent of *San Francisco* (17th century)
*Clock Tower (1780)

8&nbsp;km from the city is the  reservoir of Almansa,  built in 1584. This reservoir is the oldest one in Europe. 12&nbsp;km from the city is the Sanctuary of Our Lady of Belen (17th century).

'.]]

## References
## Other websites
*http://www.almansa.com/ Portal of Almansa
Hoot (novel)

***Hoot*** is a young adult novel written by Carl Hiaasen. It was originally published in 2002. *Hoot* won the Newbery Medal in 2003.

The novel is about a boy named Roy Eberhardt and his friends, Beatrice Leep and Mullet Fingers. They work to save a nest of burrowing owls at a construction site. 

The book was turned into a movie in 2006. The movie starred Logan Lerman as Roy, Brie Larson as Beatrice, Cody Linley as Mullet Fingers, Luke Wilson as David Delinko, Tim Blake Nelson as Curly Brannit, and Clark Gregg as Chuck Muckle.