open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Golden Sun

***Golden Sun*** is a Game Boy Advance handheld role-playing video game. It was developed by Camelot and published in 2001 by Nintendo. It's the first of the *Golden Sun* series. In Japan, it's named ***Ōgon no Taiyō Hirakareshi Fūin*** (, meaning *Golden Sun: The Broken Seal*). In 2003, the second of the series named *Golden Sun: the Lost Age* was released. The game's "Djinn" setting is unusual.

The game's story take place on a magic world named "Weyard". It's an alchemy world, and alchemy can be controlled by adepts. Long long ago, Alchemy was sealed, but one day some young adepts let it return to Weyard. To keep world safety, they have to travel to let alchemy be sealed again.

IGN's Craig Harris said *Golden Sun* "is the best game in all 2D-based Japanese RPG".

## References
Stories or Tales of Past Times

, 1862]]

***Stories or Tales from Past Times*** () is a collection of eight fairy tales by Charles Perrault. It was published in Paris in 1697 by Claude Barbin. The collection is also known as ''Mother Goose's Tales'' (). The eight tales are "The Sleeping Beauty in the Wood", "Little Red Riding Hood", "Bluebeard", "Puss in Boots", "Diamonds and Toads", "Cinderella", "Rickey with the Tuft", and "Hop o' My Thumb".  Later editions included three verse tales by Perrault: "Griselda", "The Silly Wishes", and "Donkeyskin". The stories have been translated into many languages. They have been published around the world.

## References 
* Barchilon, Jacques and Henry Pettit (Eds.) 1974. *The Authentic Mother Goose Fairy Tales and Nursery Rhymes*. Denver: Alan Swallow. pp.&nbsp;7–29.
* Betts, Christopher (Ed.) 2009. *The Complete Fairy Tales*. Oxford UP. pp. ix-xliv.
* Opie, Iona and Peter. 1974. *The Classic Fairy Tales*. Oxford UP. pp.&nbsp;21–4.
* Zipes, Jack (Ed.) 2000. *The Oxford Companion to Fairy Tales*. Oxford UP. pp.&nbsp;236–8.
Imitation of Life (1959 movie)

***Imitation of Life*** is a 1959 American romantic drama movie. It stars Lana Turner, John Gavin, Juanita Moore, Susan Kohner, and Sandra Dee. Douglas Sirk directed. The movie is based on a book by Fannie Hurst. It was produced by Ross Hunter and released by Universal Pictures. The movie tells the story of two women and their daughters over the years.

## Other websites 
*
Puss in Boots

"**Puss in Boots**" is a fairy tale. It was written/recorded by Charles Perrault. The story is the classic "animal as helper" tale. It is about a cat who uses tricks and lies to gain power, money, and a princess in marriage for his lowborn master.  The story first appeared in a handwritten manuscript in 1695 with four other tales by Perrault. It was published in Paris in 1697 by Claude Barbin in *Histoires ou contes du temps passé* (), a collection of eight fairy tales by Perrault. The book was a great success.  

A tale from Gianfrancesco Straparola's *Le piacevoli notti* () (1550-55) and another from Giambattista Basile's *Pentamerone* (1634) are similar to "Puss in Boots". Straparola's story was published in France in 1560. It may have influenced Perrault.  *Pentamerone* was not published in France during Perrault's lifetime. It is not likely he knew Basile's tale.  

## Story 
A miller dies.  He leaves a cat to his youngest son. The cat requests a pair of boots. He tells the boy he will make his fortune. The cat makes friends with the king by bringing him a wild game in the name of his master. One day, the king rescues the boy from drowning. He dresses him in clothes from his own wardrobe. The king's daughter falls in love with the handsome boy at once. The cat takes possession of a castle for his master by killing an ogre. The boy marries the king's daughter.

## References 
* Opie, Iona and Peter. 1974. *The Classic Fairy Tales*. Oxford UP. pp. 21, 110-12.
* Zipes, Jack (Ed.) 2000. *The Oxford Companion to Fairy Tales*. Oxford UP. pp. 409.
Madame X (1966 movie)

***Madame X*** is a movie from 1966 starring Lana Turner, Constance Bennett, John Forsythe, Ricardo Montalbán, Burgess Meredith, and Keir Dullea. It was directed by David Lowell Rich and produced by Ross Hunter.

## Plot 
Holly Parker marries a rich and ambitious politician named Clayton Anderson (Forsythe). He is often travelling. Holly steps out now and then with Phil (Montalbán). She breaks the relationship off, but Phil refuses to be dismissed. He dies while arguing with her.

Holly's mother-in-law (Bennett) realizes the scandal will destroy her son's political goals. She tells Holly to disappear forever by staging a fake drowning.  She does so, and flees to Europe.

The years pass. Holly drinks heavily and pals around with Dan (Meredith). They return to America. Holly discovers Dan plans to blackmail her husband. She kills him. She refuses to reveal her identity to the police, and signs a confession with the letter "X".

The court assigns her an attorney who happens to be her son Clayton Jr. (Dullea). The trial is nerve wracking for Holly. Weary and ill, she dies in jail without revealing that she is her attorney's mother.

## Other websites
*
Louis Vuitton

, in Milan, Italy.]]

**Louis Vuitton** is a French fashion house formed in 1854 by Louis Vuitton. It sells shoes, watches, jewellery, accessories, sunglasses and books.  It sells its products in boutiques. The products are still made by hand. In 1867, the company participated in the universal exhibition in Paris. To protect the duplication of his look, he changed the Trianon design to a beige and brown in 1876. The company opened its first store in London, England on Oxford Street. In 1959 he created purses, bags and wallets. In 1977, the company had an annual income of 70 million francs.

## References
Shapley 1

**Shapley 1** (also known as *Sp 1* or *PLN 329+2.1*) is a planetary nebula in the constellation of Norma. The nebula was discovered by the astronomer Harlow Shapley in 1936 and it is about 1,000 lightyears away from Earth.
## References
Pus

is an inflammation of the Conjunctiva of the eye. The yellow liquid below the eye is pus.]]
**Pus** is a fluid that is created as a result of certain inflammations in vertebrates. In vertebrates, white blood cells fight the inflammation. Neutrophils destroy the agents that cause the infection, for example bacteria, macrophages engulf and neutralise these agents. Pus is made of dead neutrophils and macrophages, mostly. In most cases, pus is the result of bacterial infection, but it can also result from other conditions, such as psoriasis.
Pollyanna (1960 movie)

***Pollyanna*** (1960) is a Walt Disney Productions movie. It stars child actress Hayley Mills and Jane Wyman. The movie is based on the 1913 children's novel *Pollyanna* by Eleanor Porter. David Swift wrote the screenplay and directed the movie. *Pollyanna* is the first of six movies Mills made for Disney. She won an Academy Juvenile Award for her performance as Pollyanna.

## Story 
Pollyanna is an orphan. She arrives in the town of Harrington to live with her rich Aunt Polly. The girl is a happy youngster who believes in the goodness of life. She makes many friends. Aunt Polly controls the town because she is the richest citizen. The people of Harrington want an old orphanage rebuilt. Aunt Polly opposes the idea. The people defy Aunt Polly and plan a bazaar to raise funds for a new building. Aunt Polly is furious. She forbids Pollyanna to participate. On the evening of the bazaar however, Pollyanna slips away and has a wonderful time. She returns home. She tries to avoid her Aunt by climbing a tree outside her bedroom window. She falls and injures her legs. Her cheerful spirits sink, making recovery doubtful. The people of Harrington learn of Pollyanna's accident. They visit her and assure her that she is loved. Pollyanna's spirits return to their usual cheerfulness. She leaves for Baltimore with Aunt Polly to have an operation on her legs.
Tropaeolum

**Tropaeolum** is a genus of roughly 80 species of annual and perennial herbaceous flowering plants and the only genus in the family Tropaeolaceae. The genus *Tropaeolum* is native in Central America and South America. The roots of the specie T. polyphyllum from Chile can survive underground when air temperatures drop as low as -15°C (5°F).
All That Heaven Allows

***All That Heaven Allows*** is a 1955 romantic drama movie. It stars Jane Wyman and Rock Hudson. Douglas Sirk directed. It is based on a story by Edna L. Lee and Harry Lee. The movie was produced by Ross Hunter, and released by Universal Pictures. It was chosen for preservation in the United States National Film Registry.

## Story 
Cary Scott is a rich widow. Her social life is dull. It centers on her two adult children, her country club friends, and a couple of men with romantic hopes. She falls in love with young landscape designer Ron Kirby. He is her social inferior. He proposes and she says yes. Her children and friends disapprove. Because of this, Cary ends the relationship with Ron. Cary returns to her lonely life. She sees other women getting engaged and living lives of happiness. She finds the courage to defy social norms and commits to loving Ron.

## Criticism 
Bosley Crowther did not like the movie. He wrote, "The script was obviously written to bring [Wyman] and Mr. Hudson, who made a popular twosome in the *Magnificent Obsession*, together again. Solid and sensible drama plainly had to give way to outright emotional bulldozing and a paving of easy clichés."

## References
Yun Hyu

**Yun Hyu** (Korean:윤휴, 尹鑴, October 14, 1617–May 20, 1680) was a Neo-Confucian scholar, politician, and soldier during the Korean Joseon Dynasty. His other names were **Baegho** (백호, 白湖) and **Haheon** (하헌, 夏軒). His Chinese style names were '''Du'goe** (두괴, 斗魁) and **Huijung''' (희중, 希仲). He was a middle-ranking member of the North Man party.

## Works 
* Baekhojunseo (백호전서, 白湖全書)
* Baekhodokseogi (백호독서기, 白湖讀書記)
* Juryeseol (주례설, 周禮說)
* Hongbeomseol (홍범설, 洪範說)
* Jungyongdaehakhuseol (중용대학후설, 中庸大學後說)
* Jungyongseol (중용설, 中庸說)
* Baekhojip (백호집, 白湖集)

## Related pages
* Silhak
* Heo Mok
* Heo Jeok
* Song Siyeol
* Yun Seondo
* Song Jungil

## Other websites 
* http://koreandb.nate.com/history/people/detail?sn=15008 
* http://people.aks.ac.kr/front/tabCon/ppl/pplView.aks?pplId=PPL_6JOb_A1617_1_0008791&curSetPos=0&curSPos=0&isEQ=true&kristalSearchArea=P
Leptin

**Leptin** (from Greek λεπτός *leptos*, "thin" or "light" or "small") is a hormone made by cells in fat tissue that reduces hunger. That helps the energy balance in the body. 

Leptin is opposed by the actions of the hormone ghrelin, the "hunger hormone".  Both hormones act on receptors in the  hypothalamus. They adjust appetite to get energy homeostasis.  

In obesity, a decreased sensitivity to leptin comes up. This leads to a feeling of hunger, despite high energy stores.

Although regulation of fat stores is the primary function of leptin, it also plays a role in other physiological processes. These additional functions are still being studied.

Leptin was recently discovered in 1994 by Jeffrey M. Friedman and colleagues at Rockefeller University. Its discovery is important in the study of obesity which has become a problem in western society. The importance of leptin was discovered through experiments done on mice in a laboratory. Scientists found that mice who had more leptin in their bodies were thinner and did not need to eat as much. Leptin levels can be increased by reducing stress and having quality or restful sleep.

## Related pages
*Peptide hormone

## References
Microtia

**Microtia** meaning 'small ear' is a deformation of the outer ear. Over 90% of the time, only one ear is affected, but both ears can be affected. More boys are affected than girls. The right ear is more affected than the left. One in 1000 people have microtia. It can affect hearing. There are four grades of microtia:
*Grade I: A slightly small ear with identifiable structures and a small but present external ear canal 
*Grade II: A partial or hemi-ear with a closed off ("stenotic") external ear canal producing a conductive hearing loss 
*Grade III: Absence of the external ear with a small peanut vestige structure and an absence of the external ear canal and ear drum 
*Grade IV: Absence of the total ear {"anotia")
Grade III is most common, and can be corrected by surgery.
Ishikari Province

was an old province of Japan on the island of Hokkaido.  The history of the province started in 1869 and ended in 1882.

The  of this ancient province are generally  in what is today called Ishikari Subprefecture.

## History
After 1869, the northern Japanese island was known as Hokkaido. Regional s were established. Ishikari Province was one of the new  which were created in 1869.

In the Meiji period, the provinces of Japan were converted into prefectures.  The maps of Japan including Ishikari Province were reformed in the 1870s.

In 1882, Ishikari and the other ten provinces of Hokkaido were reorganized as Hakodate Prefecture, Sapporo Prefecture and Nemuro Prefecture.

## Related pages
* Provinces of Japan
* Prefectures of Japan
* List of regions of Japan
* List of islands of Japan

## References
## Other websites 
* Murdoch's map of provinces, 1903
Albert II

The name **Albert II** refers to :

*Albert II of Belgium 6th King of Belgium (1993-2013).

*Albert II, Prince of Monaco Prince of Monaco.
Gianfrancesco Straparola

**Giovanni Francesco** "**Gianfrancesco**" **Straparola**, also known as **Zoan** or **Zuan Francesco Straparola da Caravaggio** (c. 1480 – c. 1557) was a writer from Caravaggio, Italy. His principal work is *Le piacevoli notti*, a collection of 75 stories. Modelled on Decamerone, it has participants of a 13-night party in the island of Murano, near Venice, tell each other stories that vary from the bawdy to the fantastic.

Among the tales are:
* The Pig King
* Costantino Fortunato, the oldest known variant of "Puss in Boots"
* Ancilotto, King of Provino, the oldest known variant of "The Dancing Water, the Singing Apple, and the Speaking Bird"
* Biancabella and the Snake
* Maestro Lattantio and His Apprentice Dionigi
* Guerrino and the Savage Man, the oldest known variant of "Iron John"
* *Fortunio*, the earliest European appearance of a story about killing or injuring someone while attempting to shoo away a fly
* Costanza / Costanzo

## References 
## Other websites 
* SurLaLune Fairy Tale Pages: The Facetious Nights of Straparola , an English translation of many tales
About Schmidt

***About Schmidt*** is a 2002 American comedy-drama movie set in Nebraska and Colorado. It was directed by Alexander Payne and starred Jack Nicholson.

## Other websites 
*
Queen Letizia of Spain

**Queen Letizia of Spain** (*Letizia Ortiz Rocasolano*, born 15 September 1972), is the wife of Felipe VI, the king of Spain. 

Before her marriage to the prince, she worked as a journalist for several mass media companies. These included the Austrian newspaper *La Nueva España*, *ABC* and EFE. She also presented the news on television. In 2000, she received the Larra Prize for her work as the best journalist under 30 years of age. 

## Life 
In 1998, she married Alfonso Guerrero. The next year they divorced. Later she met the Prince Felipe at a dinner party. They married on May 22, 2004. Their daughter Leonor was born in October 2005. She is the second in the line of succession for the Spanish Crown. Sofía, her second daughter, was born in April 2007. 

Since her second wedding, she has had the title of Princess of Asturias. She accompanies her husband on official travel wherever she can. She very much likes fashion. People and the press are always noticing what she is wearing.

Following the abdication of her father-in-law in June 2014, her husband succeeded to the Spanish throne as Felipe VI with Letizia as his queen.   (Husband leonor.  Shyam)  

## Titles and styles
* **22 May 2004 – 19 June 2014**: *Her Royal Highness* The Princess of Asturias, The Princess of Girona, The Princess of Viana, The Duchess of Montblanc, The Countess of Cervera, Lady of Balaguer,
* **19 June 2014 – present**: *Her Majesty* The Queen of Spain
Cupid's Chokehold

'''"Cupid's Chokehold"''' is a song by rap group Gym Class Heroes. It was released twice. The first time was in 2005. The second time was in 2007. The single became a hit song around 2007. It contains samples of the song "Breakfast in America" by the group Supertramp. Patrick Stump sings on it. The song reached #4 on US record charts. It reached #3 in the United Kingdom and Canada.

## References
Gilles de Rais

**Gilles de Rais** ( 1405 5 April- 26 October 1440) was a Marshal of France, Joan of Arc's comrade in arms, and a murderer. He was the son of Guy de Laval/Rais and Marie de Craon. He became rich when a relative died. He was made a Marshal of France in 1429. He spent much of his money putting on a play that he wrote. He dabbled in alchemy. His criminal career began in 1434. In 1440, he was arrested, tried, and hanged. De Rais may have killed 140 people. Most of his victims were young boys. He may have been the inspiration for the 1697 fairy tale "Bluebeard" by Charles Perrault.

## References 
## Bibliography
* Benedetti, Jean. 1971. *Gilles de Rais*. Stein and Day. .
* Opie, Iona and Peter. 1974. *The Classic Fairy Tales*. Oxford UP. .
Hop o' My Thumb

, c.1862]]

"'''Hop o' My Thumb'*" (French: Le petit Poucet) is a fairy tale by Charles Perrault. It was first published in 1697 in Paris by Claude Barbin in *Histoires ou contes du temps passé'' (Stories or Tales of Past Times), a collection of eight fairy tales by Perrault. The story tells of several brothers abandoned by their parents. The smallest brother is the same size as a person's thumb. He saves his brothers from an ogre. Perrault's rhyming moral at the end of the story tells readers that sometimes the smallest boy in the family brings good things to all.

## References 
* Betts, Christopher (Ed.) 2009. *The Complete Fairy Tales*. Oxford UP. pp. 187-90.
* Opie, Iona and Peter. 1974. *The Classic Fairy Tales*. Oxford UP. pp. 128-9.
Ligeia

"**Ligeia**" is a short story by Edgar Allan Poe. It was first published in *The American Museum* in 1838. It was revised and reprinted many times during Poe's lifetime.

The story tells of an unnamed narrator's beautiful wife Ligeia. She composes the poem "The Conqueror Worm" before dying. The narrator then marries the Lady Rowena. She shortly sickens and dies. The narrator stays with her body overnight. She comes back from the dead as Ligeia.

Criticism was positive. Charles Eames of *The New World* wrote, "The force and boldness of the conception and the high artistic skill, with which the writer's purpose is wrought out, are equally admirable." Thomas Dunn English wrote in October 1845 that "Ligeia" was "the most extraordinary, of its kind, of his productions".

In 1964, director Roger Corman adapted the story to a movie, *The Tomb of Ligeia*, starring Vincent Price.

## References
The Facts in the Case of M. Valdemar

, 1919]]

"**The Facts in the Case of M. Valdemar**" is a short story by Edgar Allan Poe. It was first published in 1845. The tale tells of a dying, mesmerized man whose body disintegrates once the trance is lifted. Poe was inspired to write the tale after reading a description of an operation performed upon a mesmerized patient. The tale has a great deal of gore, leading to the speculation that Poe had studied medical texts. "Valdemar" has been adapted to the movies and to radio drama.

## Plot 
The narrator mesmerizes an ill friend, M. Valdemar. Valdemar reports first that he is dying and then that he is dead. The narrator leaves him in a mesmeric state for seven months. During this time Valdemar is without pulse, heartbeat, or breath. His skin is cold and pale. Finally, the narrator tries to wake him. Valdemar's swollen black tongue begs to be returned to sleep or to be fully wakened. He shouts "dead! dead!" repeatedly. The narrator takes Valdemar out of the  and his body immediately disintegrates into a "nearly liquid mass of loathsome—of detestable putrescence."

## Publication history
Poe was inspired to write *Valdemar* after reading a letter about an operation on a mesmerized patient. The tale was published in December 1845 in two different New York journals. One used the title "The Facts in M. Valdemar's Case". In England, the tale was published first as "Mesmerism in Articulo Mortis" and later as "The Last Days of M. Valdemar".

## Style 
Poe employs detailed descriptions and high levels of gore in "Valdemar". He may have studied medical texts. Valdemar's eyes at one point leak a "profuse outflowing of a yellowish ichor", for example. The tale's imagery is summed up in the final lines: "...his whole frame at once — within the space of a single minute, or even less, shrunk—crumbled—absolutely rotted away beneath my hands. Upon the bed, before that whole company, there lay a nearly liquid mass of loathsome—of detestable putrescence." The disgusting imagery probably  inspired later fiction including that of H. P. Lovecraft. Those final lines make up one of the most powerfully effective moments in Poe's work, incorporating shock, disgust, and uneasiness into one moment. This ending shows that attempts to appropriate power over death will have hideous results and, therefore, ultimately will be unsuccessful.

## Adaptations 
Movie adaptations include a segment in Roger Corman's *Tales of Terror* (1962) and George A. Romero's *Two Evil Eyes* (1990). "Edgar Allan Poe's Valdemar" (2000) was a dramatic adaptation for National Public Radio.

## References 
## Other websites 
*Full text from E. A. Poe Society
* "The Facts in the Case of M. Valdemar" with annotated vocabulary at PoeStories.com
* "The Facts in the Case of M. Valdemar" Free Audio & eText
Emily Deschanel

**Emily Erin Deschanel** (born October 11, 1976) is an American actress, movie producer and television producer. She is best known for her role as the main character in the television series *Bones*.

## Early life
Deschanel was born in Los Angeles, California. She is of French, Swiss, Dutch, Irish and English ancestry. She is the elder daughter of Caleb Deschanel and Mary Jo Deschanel (née Weir). Her sister is actress Zooey Deschanel.

## Personal life
Deschanel married David Hornsby in 2010. The couple's son was born in 2011.

## References
## Other websites
*
Pepin the Hunchback

**Pepin the Hunchback** (, , c. 767 - 811) was a prince of Frankish Empire. He was the first son of Charlemagne and grandson of Pepin the Short.

## Related pages
* Charlemagne
* Frankish Empire
* Louis the Pious
Yayoi period

The  is a time in the history of Japan which is traditionally dated 300&nbsp;BC to 300&nbsp;AD.

## History
Early evidence of Yayoi culture is found on the island of Kyūshū.  Over time, it spread to the island of Honshū.

Iron and bronze were first used in Japan at about the same time.  Iron was used for tools and weapons. Bronze was used for ritual objects such as mirrors, daggers and spears.

The Yayoi tools included as axes and hoes for agriculture etc., but also weapons such as arrowheads and swords.

## Yayoi people 
The **Yayoi people** (弥生人 *Yayoi jin*) were ancient people that migrated to the Japanese archipelago from southeastern China and Korea during the Yayoi period (300 BCE–300 CE). Modern Japanese people are direct descedants of the Yayoi and have about 97% Yayoi DNA.

The Yayoi and the modern Japanese people are closely related to other East Asian (or Mongoloid) people, such as Chinese people or Koreans. They belonged to the haplogroup O and spoke the proto-Japonic languages. Most scientists and linguists suggest that they originated somewhere in southeastern China or Korea and migrated from there into Japan.

## References
## Other websites 
* Metropolitan Museum of Art, Yayoi Culture 
* Japan-guide.com, Early Japan
Bluebeard

, c.1862]]

"**Bluebeard**" () is a fairy tale by Charles Perrault. It first appeared in a handwritten and illustrated manuscript in 1695 titled ''Contes de ma mère l'oye* (). The deluxe volume was intended for Mademoiselle, the 19-year-old niece of Louis XIV. It included four other tales by Perrault. "Bluebeard" was first published anonymously in January 1697 in Paris by Claude Barbin in *Histoires ou contes du temps passé'' (), a collection of eight fairy tales by Perrault. The tale is about a cruel man who murders his wives so that he will inherit their wealth. He puts their corpses in a secret room opened only by a magic key.

Jacque Barchilon believes the tale is original with Perrault because there are no close antecedants. The taboo of the forbidden room is found in eastern literature, and Barchilon writes that the tale has an "Oriental character". He points out that the French associated beards with Turkish fashions, and early illustrations depict Bluebeard wearing a turban-like headdress.

Medieval murderer of children Gilles de Rais may have been the inspiration for the character of Bluebeard. De Rais was a Marshal of France and Joan of Arc's military companion. His victims (mostly young boys) were said to number 140. The Breton king Comorre the Cursed (c.500 AD) is another candidate. Tales similar to "Bluebeard" include "The Fitcher's Bird" by the Brothers Grimm and the English tale "Mr. Fox".

## Story 
A rich man has a blue beard which frightens young women. He has been married several times but no one knows what has happened to his wives. He woos two young sisters in the neighborhood but neither are inclined to consider marriage. He treats them to a lavish time in his country house. The younger sister decides to marry him. Shortly after the wedding (and before he travels to a far land on business), Bluebeard gives his wife the keys to his house. One key opens a door to a distant room. He forbids her to enter this room. He leaves and his wife opens the door to the forbidden room. Here she finds Bluebeard's former wives, all dead and lying on a floor covered with blood. She drops the key. It is magic and becomes stained with blood that cannot be washed away. Bluebeard returns. He discovers the blood-stained key and knows his wife has disobeyed his order. He tells her she will take her place among the dead. He grants her a few minutes to pray. She calls her sister Anne and asks her to go to the top of the tower to see if her brothers are on the road. After several tense moments, Anne reports seeing the men approaching. Bluebeard raises a cutlass to decapitate his wife. Her brothers burst into the room. They kill Bluebeard. Their sister is safe.

## References 
* Barchilon, Jacques and Henry Pettit. 1960. *The Authentic Mother Goose Fairy Tales and Nursery Rhymes*. Denver: Alan Swallow. 
* Betts, Christopher. 2009. *The Complete Fairy Tales*. Oxford UP. .
* Opie, Iona and Peter. 1974. *The Classic Fairy Tales*. Oxford UP. pp.&nbsp;103–5.
Sleeping Beauty (1959 movie)

***Sleeping Beauty*** (1959) is an American-French animated movie produced by Walt Disney Productions and released to movie theaters by Buena Vista Distribution. It is based on the 1697 fairy tale "The Sleeping Beauty in the Wood" by Charles Perrault.  The movie was directed by Les Clark, Eric Larson, and Wolfgang Reitherman, under the supervision of Clyde Geronimi. Additional story work was provided by Joe Rinaldi, Winston Hibler, Bill Peet, Ted Sears, Ralph Wright, and Milt Banta.

The movie's musical score and songs are arrangements or adaptations of material from the 1890 *Sleeping Beauty* ballet by Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky. Buena Vista Distribution released the movie to theaters on January 29, 1959. *Sleeping Beauty* was re-issued to theaters in 1970, 1979, 1986 and 1995. It was the first animated movie to be photographed in the Technirama widescreen process. The movie was presented in Super Technirama 70 and 6-channel stereophonic sound in first-run engagements.

## Reception 
The movie generated mixed reviews from critics. They thought the movie was slow-paced and lacked character development. *Sleeping Beauty* earned approximately $7.7 million in box office rentals. Its production costs totaled $6 million, The high production costs of the movie resulted in the company posting its first annual loss in a decade for fiscal year 1960, and many animators were fired. Even though it failed when it first came out, it made a lot of money during re-releases. After inflation, it’s the seventh highest grossing animated movie. 

## References
Pepin I of Aquitaine

**Pepin I of Aquitaine**, (or **Pepin V of Aquitaine**, ca. 797 - 838) was the Carolingian King of Aquitaine from 814 to 838. He was the second son of Emperor Louis the Pious.

## Related pages
* King of Aquitaine
* Pepin II of Aquitaine
* Louis the German
* Lothair I
* Charles the Bald

## Other websites 
*[Familypedia](http://familypedia.wikia.com/wiki/Pepin_I_d%27Aquitaine_(797%E2%80%93838))
Diamonds and Toads

, c.1862]]

"**Diamonds and Toads**" () is a fairy tale by Charles Perrault. It first appeared in a handwritten and illustrated manuscript in 1695 called ''Contes de ma mêre l'oye'' (). The volume was intended for the king's niece, and included four other tales by Perrault.  It was first published in Paris in 1697 by Claude Barbin in *Histoires ou contes du temps passé* (), a collection of eight prose fairy tales by Perrault. "Le Doie Pizzelle" () is a similar tale in Giambattista Basile's *Pentamerone* (1550-53). Other versions of Perrault's tale exist, including one collected in Hesse by the Brothers Grimm. Iona and Peter Opie write, "The theme of this tale is one of the most popular in the world, that of the proud and the privileged being brought low, and the meek and down-trodden being raised above them."  Christopher Betts believes the tale was intended for a young audience, "old enough to appreciate that the unkind sister is 'rude' ... but not enough to object to the scarcely disguised nannyish advice."

## Story 
A widow has two daughters. The elder is ugly, selfish and rude. The younger is beautiful, kind and polite. The younger is sent to fetch water from a spring. An old woman dressed in rags (a fairy in disguise) asks for a drink of water. The girl politely gives her one. In thanks, the fairy causes diamonds and roses to drop from the girl's mouth whenever she speaks. At home, her mother is amazed. She sends her elder daughter to the spring. The girl meets a grandly-dressed lady (the fairy) who asks for a drink of water. The girl responds rudely. The fairy causes snakes and toads to drop from her mouth.  At home, her mother is furious. She blames the younger sister. The girl runs into the woods. She meets a prince who falls in love and marries her. The elder sister dies after running away from home. A rhyming moral tells the reader that politeness and gentle words are worth more than jewels. They may bring unexpected rewards.

## Gallery 
Illustrations of the tale by Laura Vlentine fr ''Aunt Louisa's Nursery Favorite'' (1870).

Image:Valentine,_Laura_-_Aunt_Louisa's_Nursery_Favourite_-_0007.jpg|Rose, the youngest, and the fairy.
Image:Valentine, Laura - Aunt Louisa's Nursery Favourite - 0009.jpg|Rose and her mother : the gift.
Image:Valentine, Laura - Aunt Louisa's Nursery Favourite - 0011.jpg|Fanny, the eldest, and the fairy.
Image:Valentine,_Laura_-_Aunt_Louisa's_Nursery_Favourite_-_0012.jpg|Fanny and her mother : the curse.
Image:Valentine,_Laura_-_Aunt_Louisa's_Nursery_Favourite_-_0014.jpg|Rose in the forest with the prince.
Image:Valentine,_Laura_-_Aunt_Louisa's_Nursery_Favourite_-_0016.jpg|Fanny alone in the forest.

 
## References 
* Betts, Christopher (Ed.) 2009. *The Complete Fairy Tales*. Oxford UP. .
* Opie, Iona and Peter. 1974. *The Classic Fairy Tales*. Oxford UP. pp.&nbsp;98–9.
Rickey with the Tuft

, c.1862]]

"**Rickey with the Tuft**" or "**Riquet with the Tuft**" () is a fairy tale by Charles Perrault. It was first published in Paris in 1697 by Claude Barbin in *Histoires ou contes du temps passé*, a collection of eight fairy tales by Perrault. The story is about an ugly but intelligent gnome prince who bestows wit on a beautiful but stupid princess in return for marriage. She renders Rickey handsome. The tale is not of folk otigins, but is a literary fairy tale. It has Cupid and Psyche and Beauty and the Beast elements. Similar tales include Catherine Bernard's version of the tale in her 1695 novel *Inès du Cordoue*, and Marie-Jeanne Lhéritier's "Ricdin-Ricdon". Another similar tale is Giambattista Basile's "Lo Cattenaccio" (The Padlock) from *Pentamerone*. 

## Story 
A fairy gives an ugly prince named Rickey the gift of conferring wit upon the one he loves the best. He comes to a kingdom with two princesses. The elder one is beautiful but unintelligent. The younger one is intelligent but ugly. The elder princess is saddened that her ugly but smart sister receives more attention than her. One day as the elder princess is walking in the forest to ease her sorrow, she is approached by Rickey who has fallen in love with her. Rickey asks how a person so beautiful can be so sad. She tells him she is sad because she is beautiful but stupid. Rickey bestows intelligence on her for a promise of marriage. A year later, Rickey returns to marry her. She refuses on grounds that he cannot hold her to a promise made before she gained her wisdom. The princess then tells him that she was gifted at birth with the power to transform her lover into a handsome man by the same fairy who helped him. The princess thinks of all Rickey's good qualities and at once he is transformed. The king has his daughter married to Rickey who has already made preparations for the wedding.

## References 
* Barchilon, Jacques and Henry Pettit. 1974. *The Authentic Mother Goose Fairy Tales and Nursery Rhymes*. Denver:Alan Swallow. p. 15.
* Betts, Christopher. 2009. *The Complete Fairy Tales*. Oxford UP. pp. 185-7. 
* Zipes, Jack (Ed.) 2000. *The Oxford Companion to Fairy Tales*. Oxford UP. p. 423.

## Other websites
*
*
Stadium MK

**Stadium:MK** is a football stadium in Milton Keynes, Buckinghamshire. The Milton Keynes Dons F.C. football club has played there since it opened in July 2007. Queen Elizabeth II officially opened the stadium on 3rd December 2007. 

As of 2018, there were about 31,000 seats in the stadium. 

The stadium is beside the junction of the A5 road with the A421 road.
Messier 15

**Messier 15** is a globular cluster in the constellation of Pegasus. This globular cluster was discovered by *Jean-Dominique Maraldi* in 1746. M15 is about 33,600 lightyears from Earth, and 175 lightyears in diameter. It has more than 100,000 stars, 112 variable stars and 8 pulsars. M15 also contains *Pease 1*, the first planetary nebula discovered in a globular cluster.

## References
Greek chorus

A chorus in a classical Greek play typically serving to formulate, express, and comment on the moral issue that is raised by the dramatic action or to express an emotion appropriate to each stage of the dramatic conflict.  

Aeschylus, who was the seventh servant of Dionysus, was told to be the one who directed these chorus' to perfection.: in the most dramatic natural setting.]]

## References
Vale of Rheidol Railway

The **Vale of Rheidol Railway** () is a  railway that runs for  between Aberystwyth and Devil's Bridge in the county of Ceredigion, Wales. The Vale of Rheidol Railway has never closed except during wars. The railway celebrated its 100 year anniversary in 2002.

## References
Volvo Ocean Race

The **Volvo Ocean Race** (known also as the **Whitbread Round the World Race**) is a yacht race around the world. It happens every three years. It is named after its current sponsor, Volvo. At this moment the Netherlands holds the record of most wins with the Dutch captain Conny van Rietschoten being the only skipper to win the race twice.

The race leaves Europe in October. The race started in Alicante, Spain, on October 11, 2008. The 2008-09 race covered nearly , took over nine months to finish, and reached an audience of 2 billion people worldwide.

During the nine months of the 2011–12 Volvo Ocean Race, which started in Alicante, Spain in October 2011 and finishes in Galway, Ireland, in July 2012, the teams are scheduled to sail over  of the world’s most treacherous seas, and include locations such as Cape Town, Abu Dhabi, Sanya, Auckland, around Cape Horn to Itajaí, Miami, Lisbon, and Lorient.

## References
VHF omnidirectional range

**VOR**, short for **VHF omnidirectional radio range**, is a type of radio navigation system for aircraft, enabling them to find their position and stay on course by receiving radio signals emitted by a network of radio beacons. It uses frequencies in very high frequency (VHF) from 108 to 117.95&nbsp;MHz. Developed in the USA in 1937, VOR is the standard air navigational system in the world, used by both commercial and general aviation. There are about 3000 VOR stations around the world.

A VOR station broadcasts a VHF radio signal including the identifier, voice, and navigation signal. The identifier is in Morse Code. The voice will have information from the station. The navigation signal allows the equipment to find a magnetic bearing from the station to the aircraft. VOR stations in areas of magnetic unreliability are oriented to True North. A line of position is called the "radial" from the VOR. The crossing of two radials from different VOR stations provides the position of the aircraft. VOR signals have a range of about 200 miles.

## References
Robots exclusion standard

The **robots exclusion standard** (also called the **robots exclusion protocol** or **robots.txt protocol**) is a way of telling Web crawlers and other Web robots which parts of a Web site they can see.

To give robots instructions about which pages of a Web site they can access, site owners put a text file called `robots.txt` in the main directory of their Web site, e.g. ``. This text file tells robots which parts of the site they can and cannot access. However, robots can ignore `robots.txt` files, especially malicious (bad) robots. If the `robots.txt` file does not exist, Web robots assume that they can see all parts of the site.

## Examples of robots.txt files 
*Google
*YouTube
*Wikipedia

## References
The Conqueror Worm

"**The Conqueror Worm**" is a poem by Edgar Allan Poe. It is about human mortality and the fact that death cannot be stopped.  It was first published in ''Graham's Magazine'' in 1843. It was incorporated into Poe's short story "Ligeia" in 1845.  In the revised story, the poem is composed by Ligeia. She teaches it to the narrator during her death throes.

## Story 
Weeping angels watch a play performed by "mimes, in the form of God on high", and controlled by vast formless shapes looming behind the scenes. The mimes chase a "" which they can never capture. Finally, a monstrous "crawling shape" emerges, and eats the mimes.  The final curtain comes down, "a funeral pall," signaling an end to the "tragedy, 'Man'" whose only hero is "The Conqueror Worm".

## Interpretation
Though Poe was referring to an ancient connection between worms and death, he may have been inspired by "The Proud Ladye", a poem by Spencer Wallis Cone which was reviewed in an 1840 issue of ''Burton's Gentleman's Magazine''. That poem contained the lines "Let him meet the conqueror worm / With his good sword by his side".

## Role in "Ligeia"
The poem plays an important symbolic role as part "Ligeia." The poem is written by Ligeia as she is dying, though it is actually recited by the narrator, her husband.

Because it emphasizes the finality of death, it calls to question Ligeia's resurrection in the story.  Also, the inclusion of the bitter poem may have been meant to be ironic or a parody of the convention at the time, both in literature and in life.  In the mid-19th century it was common to emphasize the sacredness of death and the beauty of dying (consider Charles Dickens's Little Johnny character in *Our Mutual Friend* and the death of Helen Burns in Charlotte Brontë's *Jane Eyre*).  Instead, Ligeia speaks of fear personified in the "blood-red thing."

"The Conqueror Worm" also uses the word "evermore", which would later evolve into "nevermore" in Poe's famous poem "The Raven" in 1845.

## Publication history
"The Conqueror Worm" was first published as a stand-alone poem in the January 1843 issue of ''Graham's Magazine*. Shortly after, it was included among several other poems by Poe in the February 25 issue of the *Saturday Museum'' in a feature called "The Poets & Poetry of Philadelphia: Edgar Allan Poe". It was later included in Poe's poetry collection *The Raven and Other Poems* in 1845. "Ligeia" was again republished with "The Conqueror Worm" in the September 27, 1845, issue of *The Broadway Journal* while Poe was its editor. This was not unusual for Poe, who had also incorporated poems "The Coliseum" and "To One in Paradise" into tales.

## Adaptations
The British horror movie *Witchfinder General* was retitled *The Conqueror Worm* for US release. It was not based on Poe's poem.

## References
## Other websites 
*Reading by Classic Poetry Aloud (MP3)
*The Conqueror Worm: A Study Guide
* Project Gutenberg Etext containing *The Conqueror Worm*
Institut supérieur européen de gestion group

**Institut supérieur européen de gestion group** (**ISEG group**) is a group of two French higher education schools (ISG Programme Business & Management, ISEG Marketing and Communication school) created in 1980.. The group is in seven places, in Paris, Bordeaux, Nantes, Lille, Lyon, Strasbourg and Toulouse (France). ISEG group delivers Bachelor's degree and Master's degree.

ISEG group's main area is entrepreneurship.

## Notable teachers and former teachers
* Fabrice Bardeche, Vice-President of IONIS Education Group

## References
Hafiz Barkhurdar

**Hazrat Hafiz Barkhurdar** (1658–1707), was a Punjabi Sufi Jatt poet from the village of Takhat Hazara in Sargodha District in modern-day Pakistan. His shrine where he was buried stands in the village of Chitti Sheikhan in Sialkot District. 

He was the first person to give name 'Punjabi' to the language of Punjab in 1672 A.D. One of his very famous piece of poetry in Punjabi language is as under:- 

**حجرے شاہ مقیم دے اک جٹی عرض کرے**

**میں بکرا دیواں پیر دا جے سر دا سائیں مرے** 

**ہٹی سڑے کراڑ دی جتھے دیوا نت بلے**

**کتی مرے فقیر دی، جیڑی چوں چوں نت کرے**

**پنج ست مرن گوانڈھناں، رہندیاں نوں تاپ چڑھے**

**گلیاں ہو جان سنجیاں، وچ مرزا یار پھرے**

Explanation of the Poem:

حجرے شاہ مقیم دے  اک جٹی عرض کرے

میرے دل دے وچ مقیم سچے بادشاہ اگے میری روح فریاد کر دے اے

کہ میرے سر تے سوار شیطان لعین میرا پیچھا چھڈ دیوے

تاکہ میں سچے رب دا مخلص بندہ بن سکاں

میرے نفس وچ ھر دم جیڑا دیوا خواھشات دا بلدا اے

او ھمیشہ لئی بجھ جاوے

میرا غرور جیڑا مینوں ھر دم میں میں وچ مبتلا رکھدا اے

او فنا ھو جاوے

میریاں او پنج ست عادتاں جھوٹ ، غیبت ، چغلی ، دھوکہ ، تے بے ایمانی

جو ھر دم میرے وجود نال چمڑیاں نیں

او ختم ھو جان تے باقی برائیاں وی کمزور ھو جان

میری سوچ وچار دیاں گلیاں ھر غیر توں خالی ھو جان

تے انہاں سنسان گلیاں وچ صرف اوس یار دا گشت ھووے ۔

جیہڑا وحدہ لا شریک اے

O my Lord you live in my heart. My soul prays to you that my ego must be killed. So that I can become the one whom you like. The lamp of my wishes may extinguish for ever and my arrogance may turn in to humbleness and I may get riddance from deceit, ,lies, jealousy and dishonesty which are always part of me. This way, the alleys of my thinking become pure where I could invite you my Lord.
Mindless Behavior

**Mindless Behavior** is an American boy band. They are best known for the singles "My Girl" and "Mrs. Right", which were produced by Walter Millsap. The band was put together in Los Angeles in 2008, by Keisha Gamble, Walter Millsap (who has previously worked with Beyoncé and Timbaland) and Vincent Herbert (Lady Gaga, Toni Braxton). The band trained in dance and singing for two years before releasing anything. The members are all in their early teens.  They performed "My Girl" on *The Today Show* in November 2010. It appeared on the *Billboard* 200 album chart at number 7.

Mindless Behavior toured with the Backstreet Boys, Justin Bieber and Jason Derülo. They were the opening act for Janet Jackson's 2011 tour. 
This Must Be Pop says that it thinks Mindless Behavior will be future stars.

## Members of the band 
*EJ 
*Princeton 
*Mike

## References 
## Other websites
Louis the Pious

**Louis the Pious**, also called **Louis I**, (778 - 840) was the third Carolingian King of the Franks and the second Holy Roman Emperor (814 - 840) and the King of Aquitaine (781 - 814). He was Charlemagne's sixth son. When Louis died, he divided his kingdom among his sons.

## Related pages 
* King of Aquitaine
* Pepin I of Aquitaine
* Louis the German
* Lothar I
* Charles the Bald

## Other websites 
* http://familypedia.wikia.com/wiki/Louis_the_Pious_(778-840)
* http://mariefb.pagesperso-orange.fr/casseneuil/palais_charlemagne.htm
RecordTV

**Record** (), formerly known as **Rede Record**, **RecordTV** and **Recó**, is a Brazilian television network, launched by Paulo Machado de Carvalho on 1953, and bought by bishop and entrepreneur Edir Macedo on 1989.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Official page 
*
Éric Boullier

**Éric Boullier** (born 9 November 1973) was the team principal of the McLaren Formula One team from 2014 to 2018, and vice-president of Formula One Team Association.

He graduated from Institut polytechnique des sciences avancées.

## References
Rufous treepie

The **rufous treepie** (*Dendrocitta vagabunda*) is a species of bird in the Corvidae (crow) family. The rufous treepie is native to the Indian Subcontinent and adjoining parts of Southeast Asia from Pakistan to Vietnam. Woodland, forest edges and gardens are the habitat of this species. It feeds on various fruits, insects and carrion.

## Distribution and subspecies 
The rufous treepie builds its nest 6−8 meters above the ground in trees. Both male and female take turns breeding and feeding the young. There are usually 3-5 eggs laid. After the young have hatched, the remain with their parents for several months. Rufous treepies form pair bonds for life.

The species was first described in 1790 by John Latham. A previous description as "Dendrocitta rufa" is not valid. It belongs to the Treepie genus *Dendrocitta* which is Southeast Asian in distribution. According to ornithologist Derek Goodwin, the rufous treepie may be closely allied to the hooded treepie (*D. frontalis*). There are eight recognized subspecies.
There are no estimates for the population of this species. It is common throughout its range, but rare in Vietnam.

## Description 
The Rufous Treepie is shorter and smaller than the European magpie. The head, neck and breast are grey, although sometimes they are slightly brown. The underparts and lower back are orange-brown. The tail is a light blue color with a black tip. The bill, legs and feet are black.

## Sources 
### Literature 
* Salím Ali, S. Dillon Ripley: *Handbook of the Birds of India and Pakistan. Volume 5: Larks to the Grey Hypocolius.* Oxford University Press, London 1972.
* Joseph del Hoyo, Andrew Elliot, David Christie (Hrsg.): '''' Lynx Edicions, Barcelona 2009, .

### References
Walter Camp

**Walter Chauncey Camp** (April 17, 1859 – March 14, 1925) was an American football player, coach, and sports writer.  He is known as the "Father of American Football".

## Early life 
Camp was born in New Haven, Connecticut on April 17, 1859. His parents were Leverett and Ellen Camp. He attended Hopkins Grammar School in New Haven. He went to Yale in 1876. He graduated in 1880.

## Career 
Camp played college football at Yale from 1876 to 1882. 

Camp's football inventions include the eleven-man team and the gridiron marking of the field. He also invented the line of scrimmage and the modern point system. He invented the "All-American team" of college players. "All-American" has since become a part of American-English. In time, he began to think of American football as his private property. He did not want new additions to the game, like the forward pass.

## Personal life 
He stayed at Yale for two more years to study medicine. He started working for a watch company in 1882. In 1888, he married Alice Graham Sumner. They had two children. In 1903, he became president of the watch company.

## Notes 
## References 
*     

## Other websites 
*