open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Scheme (disambiguation)

A **scheme** is a systematic plan for the implementation of a certain idea.

Scheme or **schemer** may refer to:

## Arts and entertainment
* *The Scheme* (TV series), a BBC Scotland documentary series
* The Scheme (band), an English pop band
* *The Scheme*, an action role-playing video game for the PC-8801, made by Quest Corporation
* Schemer (comics), Richard Fisk, a Marvel Comics villain turned antihero
* Horace Schemer, a fictional character in the TV series *Shining Time Station*
* Schemee, a fictional child character and Schemer's nephew in the TV Series *Shining Time Station*
* *Schemers* (film), a Scottish film

## Other uses
* Classification scheme, eg a thesaurus, a taxonomy, a data model, or an ontology
* Scheme (programming language), a minimalist dialect of Lisp
* Scheme (mathematics), a concept in algebraic geometry
* Scheme (linguistics), a figure of speech that changes a sentence's structure
* Scam, an attempt to swindle or cheat people through deception
**Get-rich-quick scheme, a plan to obtain high rates of return for a small investment
** Matrix scheme, or ladder scheme, a business model involving the exchange of money for a certain product with a side bonus of being added to a waiting list for a product of greater value than the amount given
** Ponzi scheme, a scam paying investors returns from their own or others' money (rather than from profits)
** Pyramid scheme, a non-sustainable business model involving payments primarily for enrolling other people
* Google Schemer, a former service allowing its users to share plans and interests
* Scheme, a type of government program in India

## Related pages
* Color scheme
* Contract
* Housing scheme, a Scottish term for a council housing development
* Investment fund
* Numbering scheme
* Rhyme scheme
* Schema (disambiguation)
* URI scheme, the outermost part of internet Uniform Resource Identifiers
Peter Harding (RAF officer, born 1933)

Marshal of the Royal Air Force **Sir Peter Robin Harding**,  (2 December 1933 – 19 August 2021) was a Royal Air Force officer. He was a bomber pilot in the 1950s. He became Chief of the Air Staff in 1988. He became Chief of the Defence Staff in December 1992. 

Harding died on 19 August 2021, aged 87.

## References
Alberto Bica

**Alberto Viller Bica Alonso** (11 February 1958 – 22 August 2021) was a Uruguayan footballer. He was born in Montevideo. He played as a right winger. He played in nine matches for the Uruguay national team from 1979 to 1981.

Bica died of leukemia on 22 August 2021 in Montevideo, aged 63.

## References
Micki Grant

**Micki Grant** (born **Minnie Perkins**, June 30, 1941 – August 22, 2021) was an American singer, actress, playwright and composer. She performed in *Having Our Say* (as Sadie Delaney), *Tambourines to Glory* and *Jericho-Jim Crow*. She was nominated for a Tony Award three times. Grant was born in Chicago. 

Grant died on August 22, 2021 at the age of 80.

## References
## Other websites
*
Sheikh Shahidur Rahman

**Sheikh Shahidur Rahman** (died 22 August 2021) was a Pakistani-born Bangladeshi politician. He was a member of the Workers Party of Bangladesh. He was a member of the Jatiya Sangsad from 1986 to 1988. Rahman was born in Pakistan.

Rahman died on 22 August 2021 in Khulna, Bangladesh from a heart attack at the age of 70.

## References
Andrzej Schinzel

**Andrzej Bobola Maria Schinzel** (April 5, 1937 – August 22, 2021) was a Polish mathematician. He was known for his works with number theory. In 1994, he was elected as a member of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Schinzel was born in Sandomierz, Poland. 

Schinzel died on August 22, 2021 at the age of 84.

## References
## Other websites
* Schinzel's page at IM PAN  (list of publications)
Sandomierz

**Sandomierz** (pronounced: ; ) is a historical town in south-eastern Poland. In 2017, 23,863 people lived here.

## References
High Wall

***High Wall*** is a 1947 American crime drama movie directed by Curtis Bernhardt and was based on the play by Alan R. Clark and Bradbury Foote. It stars Robert Taylor, Audrey Totter, Herbert Marshall, Dorothy Patrick, Warner Anderson, Jonathan Hale, Morris Ankrum and was distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer.

## Other websites
* 
* 
*
1966 United Kingdom general election

The **1966 United Kingdom general election** happened on 31 March 1966. The Labour Party won with a landslide win. The Prime Minister Harold Wilson stayed in power.

Wilson decided to call a snap election because his government had a small majority. This made it hard for them to make new laws. This was the last general election with a voting age of 21. After the Representation of the People Act, 18 year-olds were allowed to vote in elections.

## References
Benzonia, Michigan

**Benzonia** is a village in Benzie County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The population was 551 at the 2020 census.

## References
Bukayo Saka

**Bukayo Ayoyinka T. M. Saka** (born 5 September 2001) is an English professional footballer who plays as a winger,  for  club Arsenal and the England national team.

## Early life 
Saka was born in Ealing, Greater London to Nigerian parents, and went to the Edward Betham Church of England Primary School before Greenford High School, where he gained high grades in his GCSEs. Prior to joining Arsenal, Saka played youth football for local club Greenford Celtic. His parents moved to London from Nigeria as migrants.

His name "Bukayo" comes from the Yoruba language spoken in southern Nigeria, meaning "adds to joy".

## Club career 
Saka had played for the youth teams of Watford. He joined Arsenal's Hale End academy at the age of seven. Once he turned 17 years old, Saka was given a contract by Arsenal and moved up to the under-23 side.

### 2019–20: Breakthrough and FA Cup win 
Saka scored his first senior goal on 19 September, against German side Eintracht Frankfurt in the UEFA Europa League.  He also finished the match with two assists in a 3–0 win. Saka was rewarded for his efforts in Germany with his first Premier League start, in a 3–2 home win over Aston Villa.

On 1 July 2020, Saka signed a new long-term contract with Arsenal.

### 2020–21: Arsenal Player of the Season 
On 15 April, Saka scored a goal and helped Arsenal to a 4–0 victory over Slavia Prague in the quarter final of the Europa League. Because of this, he was named as the Europa League Player of the Week.

## International career 
Saka represented England at under-16, under-17, under-18, under-19 and under-21 level.

On 1 October, Saka was called up to the England senior squad for the first time, and made his international debut as one of the starters in a 3–0 victory over Wales.

On 1 June 2021, he was named in the 26-man squad for UEFA Euro 2020. On 2 June 2021, in a friendly against Austria, Saka scored his first senior international goal, the only goal in a 1–0 win.  He started in England's third Euro 2020 group stage match on 22 June 2021 against the Czech Republic, and was named the man of the match. On 11 July 2021, in the tournament final against Italy, Saka was brought on as a substitute for Kieran Trippier. Following full-time and extra time, Saka was chosen to take the team's fifth penalty during the following shoot-out, his first penalty kick at senior level. Saka's shot was saved by goalkeeper Gianluigi Donnarumma and, as a result, Italy won the shoot-out and the tournament. Saka faced racist abuse online after missing the penalty.

## Career statistics
### Club
### International
:*England score listed first, score column indicates score after each Saka goal*
*FA Community Shield: 2020, 2023
*UEFA Europa League runner-up: 2018–19

**England**

UEFA European Championship runner-up: 2020

UEFA European Championship runner-up: 2024 2022–23
*Premier League Player of the Month: March 2023
*PFA Young Player of the Year: 2022–23 2021–22
*IFFHS Men's Youth (U20) World Team: 2021
*London Football Awards Men's Young Player of the Year: 2023

## References 
## Other websites 
* Profile at the Arsenal F.C. website
* Profile at the Football Association website
Hardhead

The **hardhead** (*Aythya australis*), also known as the **white eyed duck**, is the only true diving duck found in Australia. The common name "hardhead" has nothing to do with the hardness of the bird's skull, instead referring to the difficulty encountered by early taxidermists in studying the head. Hardheads are found in wetter, coastal regions of Australia, particularly in the south-east, but are known to live as far as New Guinea, New Zealand, and the Pacific Islands.

## References
Aythya

***Aythya*** is a genus of diving ducks. It has twelve described species. The name *Aythya* comes from the Ancient Greek word  (), which may have referred to a sea-dwelling duck or an auklet.

## Species
## References
Lulach

**Lulach mac Gille Coemgáin** (before 1033 – 17 March 1058) better known as **Lulach** (c. 1032–1099), was King of Scots between 15 August 1057 and 17 March 1058. He was the stepson of Macbeth. In March 1058, he was killed by Malcolm III.

## References
Aphasia

**Aphasia** is damage to the brain which affects speech. It is used for all forms of brain damage which negatively affects speech. 

The damage may cause muteness, in which case treatment depends on knowing exactly what caused the aphasia.

The condition primary progressive aphasia is serious because it is progressive. It gets worse with time.

## References 
## Related pages 
*Broca's area
Rajkummar Rao

**Rajkummar Rao** (born **Raj Kumar Yadav**; 31 August 1984) is an Indian actor  known for his work in Bollywood. He has received awards including a National Film Award and three Filmfare Awards.

## References
List of number-one singles of 2021 (Finland)

This is a **List of number-one singles** in **Finland** in **2021**. The source is the Official Finnish Charts.

## Chart history
## Related pages
*List of number-one singles of 2022 (Finland)
*Single (music)

## Sources
New Zealand quail

The **New Zealand quail** (*Coturnix novaezelandiae*), or ***koreke*** in Māori, is an extinct old world quail species endemic to New Zealand. The male and female were similar, except the female was lighter. The first scientist to describe it was Sir Joseph Banks when he visited New Zealand on James Cook's first voyage.

## References
Killing of Samuel Luiz

**Samuel Luiz Muñiz** was a nursing assistant, who was beaten to death in A Coruña, Galicia, Spain, on 3 July 2021 as a victim of homophobic violence. Samuel Luiz was talking to his friend, Vanessa Gonzalez, when he was attacked at about 2:45 am. After his death, people started doing demonstrations to protest violence against LGBT people.

## References
Vinyl

**Vinyl** may be:
* Vinyl group, a class of organic molecules in chemistry
* Polyvinyl chloride (PVC), a particular vinyl polymer
** PVC clothing, cloth coated in PVC, also commonly used for tablecloths, upholstery, and shoes
* Vinyl composition tile, floortiles
* Vinyl polymer, a group of polymers derived from vinyl monomers
* Vinyl siding, an outer covering of a house

## Music
* Phonograph record, commonly referred to as "vinyl" because they are made with PVC
* *Vinyl* (Dramarama album), 1991
* *Vinyl* (William Michael Morgan album), 2016
* *Vinyl* (EP), by Dramarama
* Vinyl Solution, a record label

## Film
* *Vinyl* (1965 movie), directed by Andy Warhol
* *Vinyl* (2000 movie), a documentary directed by Alan Zweig
* *Vinyl* (2012 movie), directed by Sara Sugarman about a 2004 musical hoax involving UK band, The Alarm

## Television
* *Vinyl* (TV series), a 2016 American television series on HBO

## Fictional characters
* Vinyl Scratch, a background character in the television show *My Little Pony: Friendship is Magic*
* Vinyl (character), a character in the Irish novel series *Zom-B*
Raj Kapoor filmography

**Raj Kapoor** (born **Shrishti Nath Kapoor**; 14 December 1924 – 2 June 1988) was an Indian actor, film director and film producer who worked in Bollywood films. He was fondly called "Raj Sahab", "The Showman", "The Greatest Show Man of Indian cinema", "Ranbir Raj Kapoor", and "Charlie Chaplin of Indian cinema" by his family, friends and fans. 

Raj Kapoor worked in many films, and his filmography is listed below.

## Filmography 
## References
2021 Tennessee floods

During the early morning of August 21, 2021, very heavy rainfall caused massive flash flooding across the western central part of Tennessee in the United States. It rained a total of  before the flood. Many towns in Tennessee were damaged by floodwater, with many homes and businesses being destroyed. Over 22 people were killed with over 20 missing.

## References
Waverly, Tennessee

**Waverly** is a city in and the county seat of Humphreys County, Tennessee, United States. The population was 4,297 at the 2020 census.

## References
Blue duck

The **blue duck** or **whio** (*Hymenolaimus malacorhynchos*) is a member of the duck, goose and swan family Anatidae. It is endemic to New Zealand. It is the only member of the genus ***Hymenolaimus***. 

It appears to be most closely related to the tribe Anatini, the dabbling ducks, but its exact taxonomy is unknown.

## References
Kotamobagu

**Kotamobagu** is a city in North Sulawesi, Indonesia. 107,459 people lived here at the 2010 Census. 

## References
Percha Leanpuri

**Percha Leanpuri** (24 June 1986 – 19 August 2021) was an Indonesian politician. She was a member of the Nasdem Party. She was on the People's Representative Council from 2019 to 2021 and the Regional Representative Council from 2009 to 2015. She was the daughter of Governor of South Sumatra Herman Deru. Leanpuri was born in South Sumatra, Indonesia.

Leanpuri died on 19 August 2021 at a hospital in Palembang, Indonesia from while giving birth at the age of 35.

## References
South Sumatra

**South Sumatra** () is a province of Indonesia. It is located on the southeast of the island of Sumatra, The province is about  and about 8,497,196 people lived here.

## References
Jean Orchampt

**Jean Pierre Marie Orchampt** (9 December 1923 – 21 August 2021) was a French prelate of the Roman Catholic Church. Until his death, he was the oldest living bishop from France. Orchampt was born in Vesoul, France. He became a priest in 1948. Orchampt became auxiliary bishop of the Archdiocese of Montpellier in 1971. Orchampt was made bishop of Diocese of Angers on 5 July 1974 and retired in 2000.

Orchampt died on 21 August 2021 at the age of 97.

## References
Rod Gilbert

**Rodrigue Gabriel Gilbert** (July 1, 1941August 22, 2021) was a Canadian professional ice hockey forward. He  played his entire career for the New York Rangers of the National Hockey League (NHL) from 1960 until 1978. He played right wing on the GAG line. He was honored into the Hockey Hall of Fame in 1982. He was the first player in Rangers history to have his number retired. Gilbert was born in Montreal, Quebec.

Gilbert died on August 22, 2021 in New York City, aged 80.

## References
## Other websites
*Rod Gilbert's official web site
Militant

**Militant** can be:
*Militancy in regard to reformism or other activism

## In politics
* *The Militant*, an international socialist news magazine, published since 1928
* The Militants, or Militant faction, an organized grouping in the Socialist Party of America during the 1930s

;Britain
* Militant (Trotskyist group), commonly called the "Militant tendency", and its newspaper *Militant*, published since 1964
** Militant in Liverpool, the actions of the group in the 1980s
* Militant Group, a British Trotskyist group of the 1930s, and their journal *Militant* from 1937

## Related pages
*
Abdullah Mokoginta

**Abdullah Mokoginta** (5 May 1935 – 16 August 2021) was an Indonesian politician. He was Deputy Governor of North Sulawesi from 1986 to 1991. He was a member of the People's Representative Council from 1992 to 1999. Mokoginta was born in North Sulawesi, Dutch East Indies.

Mokoginta died on 16 August 2021 in Kotamobagu, Indonesia at the age of 86.

## References
Edin Šaranović

** Edin Šaranović ** (8 March 1976 — 22 August 2021) was a Bosnian footballer. He played as a forward. He was born in Tešanj, then-Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. His playing career lasted from 1998 until 2012. He played for the Bosnia and Herzegovina national football team in 2001. In 2016, he managed TOŠK Tešanj.

Šaranović died on 22 August 2021 in Munich, Germany at the age of 45.

## References
Tešanj

**Tešanj** is a town and municipality located in the Zenica-Doboj Canton of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. In 2013, it had a population of 43,063 people.

## Other websites
*
Eric Wagner

**Eric Wagner** (April 24, 1959 – August 22, 2021) was an American heavy metal singer-songwriter. He was best known for his work with doom metal band Trouble. He formed the band in 1979. He also appeared on Dave Grohl's heavy metal side project *Probot* in 2004. He also formed The Skull.

Wagner died on August 22, 2021 from pneumonia caused by COVID-19 at the age of 62.

## References
## Other websites
*Official website
José Yudica

**José Antonio Yudica** (26 February 1936 – 23 August 2021) was an Argentine football player and manager. He was born in Rosario, Santa Fe. He made four appearances for the national team. He played for Newell's Old Boys from 1954 until 1958 and managed them from 1987 until 1990.

Yudica died on 23 August 2021 in Buenos Aires, aged 85.

## References
Newell's Old Boys

'''Club Atlético Newell's Old Boys'''  () is an  Argentine sports club based in Rosario, Santa Fe. The club was founded on 3 November 1903.

## References
Johnson Aguiyi-Ironsi

Major General **Johnson Thomas Umunnakwe Aguiyi-Ironsi** MVO, MBE (3 March 1924 – 29 July 1966) was the first Military Head of State of Nigeria. He took control of Nigeria during the 15 January 1966 military coup.

He ruled Nigeria from 16 January 1966 until his assassination on 29 July 1966 by military officials.

## References
Jane Wenham-Jones

**Jane Wenham-Jones** (1961/1962 &ndash; 22 August 2021) was a British author, journalist, presenter, interviewer, creative writing tutor, and speaker. She was a regular contributor to *Writing Magazine*, ''Woman's Weekly* and the *Isle of Thanet News*. She also published short stories for  *Bella*, *My Weekly*, *The People's Friend* and *Take a Break''.

She was a member of Equity and presented for both BBC Radio Kent and the BBC's Politics Show. 

Wenham-Jones died on 22 August 2021, aged 59.

## References
## Other websites
*
*Jane Wenham-Jones: Official Blog
*Jane Wenham-Jones: Wannabe A Writer website 
*Jane Wenham-Jones on Goodreads
*Teresa Chris Literary Agency
Jack Hirschman

**Jack Hirschman** (December 13, 1933 – August 22, 2021) was an American Marxist poet, essayist and social activist. He wrote more than 100 volumes of poetry and essays. He was born in New York City. 

In 2006, Hirschman was made Poet Laureate of San Francisco by Mayor Gavin Newsom. 

His best known poetry volumes were *A Correspondence of Americans* (Indiana U. Press, 1960), *Black Alephs* (Trigram Press, 1969), *Lyripol* (City Lights, 1976), *The Bottom Line* (Curbstone, 1988), and *Endless Threshold* (Curbstone, 1992).

Hirschman suddenly died at his home in San Francisco on August 22, 2021, aged 87.

## Related pages 
*List of poets from North America

## References
Jimmy Hayes (ice hockey)

**James Ryan Hayes** (November 21, 1989 – August 23, 2021) was an American professional ice hockey right winger. He played in the National Hockey League from 2011 until 2018. He played for the Chicago Blackhawks, Florida Panthers, Boston Bruins and New Jersey Devils. Hayes was born in Boston, Massachusetts.

Hayes died on August 23, 2021 in Milton, Massachusetts. He was 31 years old. A toxicology report said that Hayes died from a mix of fentanyl and cocaine use.

## References
Irma Dorantes

**Irma Aguirre Martínez** (born 21 December 1934), commonly known as **Irma Dorantes**, is a Mexican actress. She was born in Mérida, Yucatán. Her career lasted from 1948 until 2014. She sang "La Flor de la Canela". She played supporting roles in telenovelas such as *Cuando me enamoro* (2010).

Dorantes was married to actor Pedro Infante from 1953 until his death in 1957. They had one child.

## References
## Other websites
*
Pedro Infante

**Pedro Infante Cruz** (; 18 November 1917 – 15 April 1957) was a Mexican actor and ranchera singer. He was born in Mazatlán, Mexico. He was married to actress Irma Dorantes. He played the main character in *Tizoc* (1957).

Infante died in an airplane crash near Mérida, Mexico on 15 April 1957 at the age of 39.

## References
Bangladesh Islami Chhatra Shibir

**Bangladesh Islami Chhatrashibir** (), is a Bangladeshi Islamic student organization. It was established on 6 February 1977. The organisation is generally considered as a student wing of Bangladesh Jamaat-e-Islami, and many of the leaders of the student organisation have gone on to become notable leaders within Jamaat. This organisation is active in different Bangladeshi universities like University of Dhaka, University of Chittagong, Rajshahi University, SUST, BUET, DUET, Medical College.

## References
Shafiqur Rahman

**Shafiqur Rahman** () is a Bangladeshi politician and physician. He became the emir of Bangladesh Jamaat-e-Islami on 12 November 2019. He was secretary general of Jamaat from October 2016 to November 2019. He was elected Emir of Jamaat-e-Islami on November 12, 2019.  He was in charge of secretary general of the party. Before this, he had been *Ameer* (leader) of the Sylhet city branch of the party.

## References
Alex Ferns

**Alexander Ferns** (born 13 October 1968) is a Scottish actor and television personality. He is best known for his *EastEnders* role as Trevor Morgan, Rick Harper in BBC Scotland soap opera, *River City* and as Andrei Glukhov in the miniseries *Chernobyl*. Ferns was born in Lennoxtown, Scotland.

## Other websites
*
Alexandra Feodorovna

**Empress Alexandra Feodorovna of Russia** may refer to:

*Alexandra Feodorovna (Charlotte of Prussia) (1798–1860), wife of Emperor Nicholas I
*Alexandra Feodorovna (Alix of Hesse) (1872–1918), wife of Emperor Nicholas II
The Salmon of Doubt

**The Salmon of Doubt: Hitchhiking the Galaxy One Last Time** is a collection of last published and unpublished material written by  Douglas Adams.

The book discusses mostly about life experience and technology.

## References
Love Child (2011 movie)

***Love Child*** () is a 2011 Dominican Republican Puerto Rican drama movie directed by Leticia Tonos and starring Frank Perozo, Julietta Rodriguez, Victor Checo, Andres Ramos, Gastner Legerme, Kalent Zaiz.

## Other websites
*
Fiordland tokoeka

The **Fiordland tokoeka** or **Fiordland kiwi** (*Apteryx australis australis*) is a subspecies of southern brown kiwi. It lives in South Island, New Zealand.  This bird does not fly.  It runs on the ground.

## Appearance
This is a large southern brown kiwi.  It has red-brown feathers that look like fur.  It has small wings and does not fly.  It has no tail.  It has a long, curved bill, or beak.

## Threats
There are about 15,000 Fiordland tokoeka alive.  The number of Fiordland kiwis is getting smaller because human beings build farms and other things in the places the kiwi like to live and because animals brought over the ocean by humans like to eat them and their eggs: dogs, stoats, ferrets and cats.  However, human beings set traps for stoats in parts of Fiordland, and now there are more kiwis in those places.

## Breeding
The kiwis make a nest in a hollow log, crack in a rock, or space dug out of the ground.  The egg is large and pale green in color.  Both the male and female kiwi take turns sitting on the egg.

## References
Black Beauty (1946 movie)

***Black Beauty*** is a 1946 American family drama movie directed by Max Nosseck and is the second version of the 1877 novel of the same name by Anna Sewell. It stars Mona Freeman, Richard Denning, Evelyn Ankers, Moyna Macgill, Terry Kilburn, Arthur Space and was distributed by 20th Century Fox.

## Other websites
* 
* 
*
Pat and Mike

***Pat and Mike*** is a 1952 American romantic comedy movie directed by George Cukor and starring Spencer Tracy, Katherine Hepburn, Aldo Ray, William Ching, Sammy White, George Mathews, Loring Smith, Frank Richards. It was distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer and was nominated for an Academy Award in 1953. Hepburn was nominated in the Best Actress category at the 10th Golden Globe Awards, while Ray was nominated for "New Star of the Year".

## References
## Other websites
* 
* 
*
Fitness Boxing

***Fitness Boxing*** is an exergaming video game developed by Rocket Company and Imagineer, and also published Worldwide by Nintendo. Released first in Japan on December 20, 2018; PAL region on December 21, 2018; South Korea on December 30, 2018; and later North America on January 4, 2019. Exclusively on Nintendo Switch.

*Fitness Boxing* is a spiritual succesor to the *Shape Boxing* trilogy on Nintendo Wii, with the first two games branded by Gold's Gym fitness game.

The game continues, with the sequel called ***Fitness Boxing 2: Rythm and Exercise***, released on December 20, 2020.

## Other websites
* Official Fitness Website
* 
*
Epic Mickey: Power of Illusion

***Epic Mickey: Power of Illusion*** is an platfomer video game developed by DreamRift, and published by Disney Interactive Studios. Released on Nintendo 3DS in 2012 Worldwide; and 2013 in Japan by Spike Chunsoft. It is the third entry of *Epic Mickey* series.
Spotted dove

The **spotted dove** (*Spilopelia chinensis*) is a small long-tailed pigeon that is a common and native to the Indian subcontinent and in Southeast Asia. The species has been introduced to many parts of the world and feral populations have become established.

This species was formerly included in the genus *Streptopelia* with other turtle-doves, but studies suggest that they differ from typical members of that genus. This dove is long tailed buff brown with a white-spotted black collar patch on the back and sides of the neck. The tail tips are white and the wing coverts have light buff spots.

There are considerable plumage variations across populations within its wide range. The species is found in light forests and gardens as well as in urban areas. They fly from the ground with an explosive flutter and will sometimes glide down to a perch. It is also called the **mountain dove**, **pearl-necked dove**, **lace-necked dove**, and **spotted turtle-dove**.

## References 
## Other websites 
*
*
* Xeno-canto: audio recordings of the spotted dove
* Photographs and other media on the Internet Bird Collection
* Pigeon taxonomy
* Spotted Dove Photos (Dark Mutation)
Kelly Price

**Kelly Price** (born April 4, 1973 in Queens, New York City) is an American contemporary R&B, gospel and soul singer. She started her singing career in 1992. Price was on several hit singles by other R&B, hip hop and soul artists. The include "Mo Money Mo Problems" by The Notorious B.I.G., "Fantasy" by Mariah Carey and "Feel So Good" by Mase.

Price released her first studio album *Soul of a Woman* in August 1998. The record had the hit single "Friend of Mine". The song remix, also on the album, had singers R. Kelly and Ronald Isley. Both the original and remix versions were #1 on the United States Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart. "Friend of Mine" received the Soul Train Music Award for the Best New Artist.

Price released her second studio album, *Mirror Mirror*, in June 2000 under the Def Soul area of Def Jam Records. The second record had the songs "You Should've Told Me" and "As We Lay" (her cover of the 1986 hit by Shirley Murdock). A Christmas record, *One Family*, was released just before Thanksgiving 2001.

In 2006, Price recorded the song "Why?" for the soundtrack of the 2007 comedy-drama movie *Why Did I Get Married?*.

## Kelly's breast cancer work
Price's mother and mother-in-law were diagnosed with breast cancer in late 1998. The earlier later died of the condition. The latter was given two months to live after her diagnosis. However, the mother of Kelly Price, Claudia Price-North, survived the breast cancer. Price-North was treated with chemotherapy. The cancer went into in complete remission by October 2006. Almost fourteen years later, Price-North died from unknown causes at age 69.

## Discography
;Studio albums
* *Soul of a Woman* (1998)
* *Mirror Mirror* (2000)
* *One Family: A Christmas Album* (2001)
* *Priceless* (2003)
* *This Is Who I Am* (2006)
* *Kelly* (2011)
* *Sing Pray Love, Vol. 1: Sing* (2014)
* *Grace* (2021)
 
## References
Effect

**Effect** can be:
* A result or change of something, like global warming for example
** List of effects
** Cause and effect, an idiom describing causality
## Pharmacy and pharmacology
* Drug effect, a change resulting from the administration (or use) of a drug
** Therapeutic effect, when a medical condition improves, often caused by a drug
** Side effect or adverse effect (an unwanted change in medical condition because of a drug)
* Dose-response effect (the relationship between a drug dose and its effect, plotted on a dose-response curve)
## In media
* Special effect, an artificial illusion
** Sound effect, an artificially created or enhanced sound
** Visual effects, artificially created or enhanced images
*Audio signal processing
** Effects unit, a device used to manipulate electronic sound 
*** Effects pedal, a small device attached to an instrument to modify its sound
## Other uses
* Effects, one's personal property or belongings
* Effects (G.I. Joe), a fictional character in the G.I. Joe universe
* *Effects* (movie), a 2005 movie
* Effect size, a measure of the strength of a relationship between two variables
* Effect system, formal system which describes the computational effects of computer programs
* Pro-Design Effect, an Austrian paraglider design
* Marotte effect, psychological reaction to social-media influencer and religious guru Dame Alix's famed surprising actions and behaviors.

## Related pages 
* 
* 
* Affect (disambiguation)
* Effectiveness
* Efficacy
* Pragmatism, the philosophy of causes and effects
* Sequence of events
Spilopelia

***Spilopelia*** is a genus of doves that are closely related to *Streptopelia*, yet distinguished from them by differences in morphology and behavior. Some authors have argued that *Stigmatopelia* is the valid name as it appears in an earlier line although also erected by the Swedish zoologist Carl Sundevall, but Richard Schodde and Ian J. Mason in their zoological catalogue of Australian birds chose *Spilopelia* citing clause 24(b) of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN) which supports the decision of the first reviser. The name *Spilopelia* combines the Ancient Greek *spilos* meaning "spot" and *peleia* meaning "dove".

## Species
The genus includes just two species:

* Spotted dove, *Spilopelia chinensis*
* Laughing dove, *Spilopelia senegalensis*
Some ornithologists split the spotted dove into the eastern spotted dove (*Spilopelia chinensis*) and the western spotted dove (*Spilopelia suratensis*).

## Notes
## References
Heavenly Sword

***Heavenly Sword*** is a 2007 action-adventure hack and slash video game for PlayStation  3. Developed by Ninja Theory (developer of *Ninja Gaiden* series) and published by Sony Computer Entertainment.

## Gameplay
Gameplay of *Heavenly Sword* is similar to *God of War* series, which is using quick time event (QTE) and using hack and slash like *Devil May Cry* series. A sword called "Heavenly Sword" which change is one into three-forms, Nariko sometimes using three fighting styles with Speed Technique.

## Other websites
*
Second inauguration of Dwight D. Eisenhower

The **second inauguration of Dwight D. Eisenhower** as the 34th president of the United States happened privately on January 20, 1957, and publicly on the next day, January 21, 1957. It was the start of the second and final term of Dwight D. Eisenhower as president and Richard Nixon as vice president.  

Two inaugural ceremonies happened because January 20, 1957, was on a Sunday. The first ceremony was done at the White House, and the second ceremony was done at the East Front of the United States Capitol Building. The event was the 43rd presidential inauguration.

Chief Justice Earl Warren gave the oath of office to Eisenhower. William Knowland gave the vice presidential oath to Nixon.

## References
## Other websites
* Video of Eisenhower's Second Inauguation from cspan.org (with audio)
* Text of Eisenhower's Second Inaugural Address
Chinese Australians

.]]

**Chinese Australians** (, ) are Chinese people living in Australia.  They mainly speak Mandarin, English, Cantonese and Hokkien. Most Chinese Australians were born in Australia or China (including Hong Kong and Macau), but many were born in Singapore, Taiwan, Malaysia, Indonesia, Thailand and the Philippines. Australia has more Chinese people than any non-Asian country per capita, the largest population in Oceania and one of the largest in the world, with over 1.2 million Australians claiming Chinese ancestry in 2016 (5.6% of all Australians). They are the largest single non-Anglo-Celtic ethnic group in Australia. While most cities and large towns have Chinese Australian communities, cities with the largest numbers of Chinese people include Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane, Perth, Adelaide, Newcastle, Canberra and the Gold Coast. Chinese people are also the main ethnic group on Christmas Island.

## Related pages
*Chinese New Zealanders

## References
Malaysian English

**Malaysian English** is the dialect of English spoken in Malaysia. It (along with Malay) is an official language of Malaysia. It is used as a lingua franca between Malays, Chinese Malaysians and Indian Malaysians. English was first used in Malaysia when the British arrived in Malaysia and Singapore.

## Related pages 
* Manglish, a form of "broken English" used mainly by older Malaysians
* Singaporean English
* Singlish, a form of "broken English" used mainly by older Singaporeans
Hammett (movie)

***Hammett*** is a 1982 American mystery movie directed by Wim Wenders and was based on the novel of the same name by Joe Gores. It stars Peter Boyle, Frederic Forrest, Marilu Henner, Roy Kinnear, David Patrick Kelly, Elisha Cook, Jr., Samuel Fuller, Sylvia Sidney and was distributed by Warner Bros..

## Other websites
*
Utopia (2015 movie)

***Utopia*** is a 2015 Afghan Indian British Iranian drama movie directed by Hassan Nazer and starring Malalai Zikria, Hannah Spearritt, Homayoun Ershadi, Arun Bali.

## Other websites
*
Columbinae

**Columbinae** is a subfamily of birds from the family Columbidae. Otherwise, four genera *Geotrygon*, *Leptotila*, *Starnoenas* and *Zenaida* form subfamily Leptotilinae.

## Genera
**Caloenas*
**Chalcophaps*
**Claravis*
**Columba*
**Columbina*
**Gallicolumba*
**Geopelia*
**Geophaps*
**Geotrygon*
**Henicophaps*
**Leptotila*
**Leucosarcia* – wonga pigeon
**Macropygia*
**Metriopelia*
**Nesoenas*
**Ocyphaps* – crested pigeon
**Oena* – Namaqua dove
**Patagioenas*
**Petrophassa*
**Phaps*
**Reinwardtoena*
**Spilopelia*
**Starnoenas* – blue-headed quail-dove
**Streptopelia*
**Trugon* – thick-billed ground pigeon
**Turacoena*
**Turtur*
**Uropelia* – long-tailed ground dove
**Zenaida*
Including four extinct monotypic genera:
*†*Arenicolumba*
*†*Dysmoropelia*
*†*Ectopistes*
*†*Microgoura*

## References
*
Diane Allen

**Diane B. Allen** (born March 16, 1948, Newark, New Jersey) is an American journalist, nightly news anchor and Republican politician. She worked with New Jersey's 7th legislative district in the New Jersey Assembly from 1996 to 1998. She later worked with the New Jersey Senate from 1998 to 2018.

Allen was the Republican nominee for Lieutenant Governor of New Jersey during the 2021 gubernatorial election. She was selected by Jack Ciattarelli.

## Broadcasting career
Allen began her broadcast news career in 1970 with WJJZ. WJJZ was an AM radio station based in Mount Holly, New Jersey. She worked at the New Jersey Network. Allen later joined an ABC station in Chicago.

In 1976, Allen returned home to cover New Jersey politics for KYW-TV. That was the CBS station in Philadelphia. In 1985, she co-moderated the New Jersey gubernatorial debate between Governor Thomas Kean and Peter Shapiro. She left the network in 1988. Allen later won a lawsuit against CBS for discriminatory practices.

In 1989, Allen joined WCAU. That was the NBC station in Philadelphia. She stayed there until 1994.

In 2000, Allen briefly served as an interim anchor for CN8 while another anchorwoman was on vacation. This prompted criticism from Senate Minority Leader Richard Codey. The latter criticized her for conducting her duties as an officeholder while reporting on politics.

Allen is the President for VidComm, Inc.. It is a media production company she founded after her broadcasting career ended.

## Accolades
During her career, Allen won eight Daytime Emmy Awards.

The Broadcast Pioneers of Philadelphia inducted Allen into their Hall of Fame in 2005.

## Other offices
Senator Allen operated as a delegate to the Republican National Convention in 1996, 2000, as well as in 2004 and 2012.

In 2008, Allen was a leading candidate to succeed Jim Saxton in the U.S. House. However, she announced on November 29, 2007 that she would not run for the seat. Allen cited political faction in the Burlington County Republican Party.

In 2009, Allen was a leading candidate to join Chris Christie's ticket as the Republican nominee for Lieutenant Governor. Christie ultimately chose Monmouth County Sheriff Kim Guadagno instead.

## References
Flag of Herefordshire

The **flag of Herefordshire** is flag of the English area of Herefordshire. It was officially put to the Flag Institute on 2 November 2019.

## Proposed flags
When there was no official flag, the banner of Herefordshire Council was sometimes used. It was flown usually with the Union Flag.

Another design for a flag has been popular. The flag was created as a joke by a student. It is sold at the Hereford Tourist Centre.

## References
Grossglockner

Grossglockner or *Großglockner* is the highest mountain in Austria (3798 m). The Pasterze Glacier in Carinthia, Spittal an der Drau District, is on North Side of the mountain chain, directly beneath Großglockner, Kleinglockner and Glocknerwand.

## Other websites 
 with valley of Möll river (older photo). Großglockner is on left side of the photo.]]
Mark Hyman (doctor)

**Mark Adam Hyman** (born November 22, 1959) is an American physician, author and columnist. 

He is the founder and medical director of The UltraWellness Center.

## References
Cities of Malaysia

This is a list of **cities of Malaysia**. In Malaysia, there are 18 areas with city status (*bandar raya*) by law. However, there are also highly urbanised and populated areas that do not have city status but are sometimes referred to as cities. City status is granted to a place within a local government area. Other populated areas which do not have city status are municipalities or towns.

## Cities of Malaysia
The following is a list of places in Malaysia in order by the date they were given city status.

;Former city within Malaysia

### Subsequent cities
The royal charters for Kuala Lumpur, Kuching, Kota Kinabalu, Shah Alam, Malacca City, Alor Setar and Miri were from the Malaysian head of state, the Yang di-Pertuan Agong, while Ipoh, Johor Bahru, Iskandar Puteri and Subang Jaya were granted by their respective state sultans. Malacca City was declared a "historical city" prior to being granted city status in 2003.

Kuala Lumpur, the largest city, is the national capital and a federal territory. But as of 2012, most government ministries have relocated to the new administrative capital of Putrajaya.

### Criteria
Among the latest (2008) basic criteria for city status on a local government is that it has a minimum population of 500,000 and an annual income of not less than RM 100 million.

## Locations of cities 
## Population 
Kuala Lumpur is by far the largest urban area. It is also the largest metropolitan area in Malaysia. Johor Bahru, the capital city of Johor, is the second-largest city in Malaysia and the heart of Malaysia's second-largest conurbation. To the north, George Town, Penang forms the core of the third-largest metropolitan area in the country. Other metropolitan areas with a population of more than 500,000 include Ipoh, Kuching, and Kota Kinabalu.

## Gallery 

File:Moonrise over kuala lumpur.jpg|1. Kuala Lumpur
File:Perai and Penang Bridge.jpg|2. Seberang Perai
File:Subang Jaya at Dusk.jpg|3. Subang Jaya
File:2018 New Year Fireworks in George Town, Penang.jpg|4. George Town
File:Ipoh skyline.jpg|5. Ipoh
File:ShahAlamPark.jpg|6. Shah Alam
File:E11 highway and surrounding cityscape - Bandar Utama, Malaysia (8693660796).jpg|7. Petaling Jaya
File:Kota Iskandar.JPG|8. Iskandar Puteri
File:KM Plaza intersection at Jalan Tuanku Munawir (220709).jpg|9. Seremban
File:Johorbahrub0606.jpg|10. Johor Bahru
File:Malacca City.JPG|11. Melaka
File:Panorama of Greater Kota Kinabalu.jpg|12. Kota Kinabalu
File:Alor Setar Tower from Sky Garden - panoramio.jpg|13. Alor Setar
File:K Terengganu (187).jpg|14. Kuala Terengganu
File:Sarawak River.jpg|15. Kuching
File:Miri-sarawak.JPG|16. Miri 
File:Pasir Gudang Highway.JPG|17. Pasir Gudang
File:Sky Kuantan.jpg|18. Kuantan

## References
## Other websites
*
*
Diabetes in dogs

**Diabetes mellitus in dogs** happens when the beta cells in the pancreas stop producing insulin (leading to type 1 diabetes) or produce enough insulin though cells improperly use it (leading to type 2 diabetes).

Diabetes in dogs can be treated. It doesn't need to make the life expectancies of dogs shorter than usual. If not treated, however, the condition could lead to cataracts, malnutrition, diabetic ketoacidosis, dehydration and possibly death. Diabetes mostly affects middle-aged and older dogs. There are, however, juvenile cases. The typical dog with diabetes is overweight or obese and middle-aged. Females are affected almost three times more often than male dogs. But there are arguments about whether or not neutering male dogs may increase the risks of developing diabetes. Some data mention that male dogs' risks of becoming obese double or triple after they are neutered.

Diabetes is commonly split into two types: type 1 and type 2.

Type 1 diabetes (previously called "juvenile diabetes") happens when the beta cells of the pancreas are either destroyed or severely damaged. The condition, in the past, was also called "insulin-dependent diabetes". That means insulin injections must replace the insulin the pancreas is no longer capable of producing for the body's needs. Type 1 is the most common form of diabetes and affects approximately 0.34% of dogs.

Type 2 diabetes does develop in dogs. However, this form is not as common as type 1. Because of this, there is no possibility the permanently damaged pancreatic beta cells could re-activate to bring about a remission (meaning no evidence of the disease) as may be possible with some feline diabetes cases. In cats, the usual type of diabetes is type 2.

Gestational diabetes does happen in dogs. The condition, though, does not happen in dogs as often as for human beings.

## Genetic susceptibility of certain breeds
This list of risk factors for canine diabetes is taken from the genetic breed study. This study was published in 2007. The "neutral risk" category should be taken for being not enough evidence that the dog breed genetically shows a high, moderate, or a low risk for the disease. All risk information is based only on discovered genetic factors.

**High risk**

*Cairn Terrier
*Samoyed

**Moderate risk**

*Bichon Frise
*Border Collie
*Border Terrier
*Collie
*Dachshund
*English Setter
*Poodle
*Schnauzer
*Yorkshire Terrier

**Neutral risk**

*Cavalier King Charles Spaniel
*Cocker Spaniel
*Doberman
*Jack Russell Terrier
*Labrador Retriever
*Mixed Breed
*Rottweiler
*West Highland Terrier

**Low risk**

*Boxer
*English Springer Spaniel
*German Shepherd
*Golden Retriever
*Staffordshire Bull Terrier
*Weimaraner
*Welsh Springer Spaniel

## References
Marie, Princess of Liechtenstein

**Marie** (born **Countess Marie Kinsky von Wchinitz und Tettau**; 14 April 1940 – 21 August 2021) was the Princess of Liechtenstein as the wife of Prince Hans Adam II. She was a member of the House of Kinsky.

On 18 August 2021 Princess Marie suffered a stroke. She died three days later in a hospital in Grabs, Switzerland, at the age of 81.

## References
Rosita Quintana

**Rosita Quintana** (born **Trinidad Rosa Quintana Muñoz**; July 16, 1925 – August 23, 2021) was an Argentine-Mexican actress and singer-songwriter. She was a famous actress during the Golden Age of Mexican cinema.

## Life
Quintana starred in Luis Buñuel's *Susana* (1951) and musical movies such as *Serenata en México* (1956) and *Cuando México canta* (1958). Quintana was born in Buenos Aires. Her career began in 1948.

Quintana died in Mexico City on August 23, 2021 from problems caused by thyroid cancer surgery at the age of 96.

## Movies
* *Tender Pumpkins* (1949)
* *Rough But Respectable* (1949)
* *Yo quiero ser tonta* (1950)
* *Susana* (1951)
* *Women Who Work* (1953)
* *The Price of Living* (1954)
* *To the Four Winds* (1955)
* *Serenata en México* (1956)
* *¡Cielito Lindo!* (1957)

## References
## Other websites
*
*  Rosita Quintana at the cinema of Mexico site of the ITESM
Quarraisha Abdool Karim

**Quarraisha Abdool Karim**, (PhD) is a South African medical doctor who specializes in infectious diseases (epidemiologist).

She is the co-founder and near Scientific Director of CAPRISA.

## References
Dating the Bible

The oldest Hebrew Bible writings that are still here today, the Dead Sea Scrolls, were written in about the 2nd century BCE.  The oldest writing that has no pieces missing is a Greek translation called the Septuagint. It is from the 4th century - the Codex Sinaiticus. The oldest parts of the Masoretic Text, which is where we get modern Hebrew Bibles, are from the 9th century. Almost no biblical writing was written at the same time as the events it talks about.  Most of the writings about Jesus Christ were written long after he lived, some of them hundreds of years after.

## Table I: Chronological overview of the Hebrew Bible 
These tables show the chronology (order) of the Bible and when in history they were written. Much of the Hebrew Bible/Old Testament may have been put together in the 5th century BCE.  Most of the New Testament books were written in the second half of the 1st century CE. The Deuterocanonical books fall in between.

## Table II: Chronological overview of Deuterocanonical Old Testament 
## Table III: Chronological overview of the New Testament 
## References
### Citations
### Bibliography 
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Wyoming (1947 movie)

***Wyoming*** is a 1947 American western movie directed by Joseph Kane and starring Wild Bill Elliott, Vera Ralston, John Carroll, Albert Dekker, Virginia Grey, Grant Withers, Ray Barcroft. It was distributed by Republic Pictures.

## Other websites
*
The Mummy Returns (video game)

***The Mummy Returns*** is a 2001 action and platform video game released for the PlayStation 2, and Game Boy Color. The game was released in the North America & PAL regions and is based on the popular Universal Pictures film *The Mummy Returns*.

## Other websites 
* GameFAQs - The Mummy Returns (PS2)
* GameFAQs - The Mummy Returns (GBC)