open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Harold Scheraga

**Harold Scheraga** (October 18, 1921 – August 1, 2020) was an American biophysicist. He was the George W. and Grace L. Todd Professor Emeritus in the chemistry department at Cornell University. He was a key person in protein biophysics and in the study of protein solvation and the hydrophobic effect as it relates to protein folding. He was born in New York City.

Scheraga died on August 1, 2020 in Ithaca, New York at the age of 98.

## References
John Hume

**John Hume** KCSG (18 January 19373 August 2020) was an Irish politician. He was a founding member of the Social Democratic and Labour Party. He was co-recipient of the 1998 Nobel Peace Prize, with David Trimble.

He was the second leader of the Social Democratic and Labour Party (SDLP) from 1979 until 2001. He was a Member of the European Parliament and a Member of the United Kingdom Parliament, as well as a member of the Northern Ireland Assembly.

He was also a recipient of the Gandhi Peace Prize and the Martin Luther King Award. In 2012, Pope Benedict XVI made Hume a Knight Commander of the Papal Order of St. Gregory the Great.

He suffered from dementia. Hume died on 3 August 2020, at a nursing home in Derry at the age of 83.

## References
Mohammad Reza Navaei

**Mohammad Reza Navaei** (, 1 December 1948 – 3 August 2020) was an Iranian lightweight freestyle wrestler. He won bronze medals at the 1973 World Wrestling Championships and 1974 Asian Games. He competed at the 1976 Summer Olympics. He was born in Tehran. 

Navaei died on 3 August 2020 in Tehran at the age of 71.

## References
Qui transtulit sustinet

***Qui transtulit sustinet*** is the state motto of Connecticut. It means "He who transplanted sustains" in Latin.

## References
Saïd Amara

**Saïd Amara** (11 March 1933 – 2 August 2020) was an Algerian football player and manager. He was born in Saïda. He played club football for MC Saïda, USM Bel-Abbès, Strasbourg, Béziers and Bordeaux. He also earned five caps for the Algerian national team between 1963 and 1964.

## References
Bruno Dettori

**Bruno Dettori** (22 December 1941 &ndash; 2 August 2020) was an Italian politician. He was born in Sassari, Italy.

He began his political career in 1990 becoming a city councilor in Sassari under the Christian Democrats. He was elected senator at the end of the 2001 general election on 13 May 2001.  From 18 May 2006 to 7 May 2008 he  was part of the second Prodi government as Secretary for the Environment.

Dettori died on 2 August 2020, aged 78.

## References
Bernard Cleary

**Bernard Cleary** (May 8, 1937 – July 27, 2020) was a Canadian politician. He was born in Mashteuiatsh, Quebec.

Cleary was first elected to the House of Commons of Canada in the 2004 Canadian federal election. He was the *Bloc Québécois* member of parliament for the riding of Louis-Saint-Laurent.

In 2006, he was defeated by Josée Verner from the Conservative Party of Canada.

He was the first person of Aboriginal descent to be elected in Quebec.

## References
## Other websites
*How'd They Vote?: Bernard Cleary's voting history and quotes
Keith Pontin

**Keith Pontin** (14 June 1956 – 2 August 2020) was a Welsh professional footballer who played as a central defender.

Pontin began his career with Cardiff City. He made nearly 200 league appearances and earned two caps for the Welsh national team. He later played for Merthyr Tydfil and Barry Town.

At the age of 59, Pontin was diagnosed with dementia.

Pontin died on 2 August 2020, aged 64. After his death, an autopsy revealed that Pontin had been suffering from chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE).

## References
Bobby Prescott

**George Bertrand "Bobby" Prescott** (March 27, 1931 – August 2, 2020) was a Panamanian professional baseball player. He was an outfielder, first baseman and third baseman. He had a 19-year career, from 1952–1970, in North American minor league baseball and a brief trial with the  Kansas City Athletics of the Major Leagues. 

## References
## Other websites
* Major League Baseballs Connection To Gamboa Santa Cruz Canal Zone
Katherine B. Hoffman

**Katherine "Kitty" Marie Blood Hoffman** (August 1, 1914 – July 18, 2020) was an American chemist and academic administrator. When she retired from Florida State University, the chemistry department named a laboratory building in her honor. It was dedicated to her again in 2018. Hoffman was awarded an honorary doctorate by Florida State University in 2007.

Hoffman died in Tallahassee Memorial HealthCare on July 18, 2020, aged 105 of COVID-19.

## References
Rachel Dolezal

**Rachel Anne Dolezal** (born November 12, 1977), also known as **Nkechi Amare Diallo**, is a self-proclaimed black American woman who was assigned white at birth. 

She is a former college instructor and National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) chapter president.

## References
Billy Porter

**Billy Porter** (born September 21, 1969) is an American actor and singer.

Porter won the 2013 Best Actor in a Musical for his role as Lola in *Kinky Boots* at the 67th Tony Awards. 

In 2014 Porter won the Grammy Award for Best Musical Theater Album for *Kinky Boots*. He currently stars in the television series *Pose* for which he was nominated for a Golden Globe Award and won the 2019 Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actor in a Drama Series. 

In 2021, he confirmed he had been living with HIV for 14 years.

## References
Leon Fleisher

**Leon Fleisher** (July 23, 1928 – August 2, 2020) was an American pianist and conductor. He was one of the most renowned pianists and pedagogues in the world. He was born in San Francisco, California.

He taught at Peabody Conservatory of Music, the Curtis Institute of Music, and the Royal Conservatory of Music in Toronto. He co-founded and co-directed the Theater Chamber Players in 1968&ndash;2003, which was the first resident chamber ensemble of the Smithsonian Institution and of The Kennedy Center.

Fleisher died on August 2, 2020 from cancer under hospice care in Baltimore, Maryland, aged 92.

## References
Narumi Ohsawa

**Narumi Ohsawa (大澤奈留美, sometimes written as Narumi Osawa)** is a Japanese professional Go player at Nihon Ki-in. She was born at Saitama, Saitama in 1976.
## Family
* Her father is a Nihon Ki-in certified instructor (普及指導員) and a Keio University alumni. He is managing Go schools with his daughters.
* Her sister is **Maya Ohsawa** (大澤摩耶, Saitama Prefecture female Go champion in 1991 and 2002, national female amateur Go champion in 2002 and 2013). She is a Go teacher at many places such as the University of Tokyo (東京大学囲碁銀杏会) and ANA Intercontinental Tokyo Go Salon etc.
* Her niece is **Seira Ohsuka** (大須賀聖良). She obtained professional status at Nihon Ki-in by recommendation in 2020. She died for the consequences of an accident in 2025.
## Records
## References and notes
American Pie (song)

**American Pie** is an American popular song, written by singer-songwriter Don McLean.

## About 
The song was recorded and included in his album *American Pie* album in 1971. It reached no.1 on the Billboard hit chart. We consider this song is the longest song ever made among top hits of American popular songs. Because its playing time is beyond 8 minutes. "American Pie" was selected as the fifth important "Song of the Century", announced by the National Endowment for the Arts and the Recording Industry Association of America.

The original song in the album is accompanied by the guitar, piano and strings section. He also played the song with his guitar alone at the BBC studio live in 1972.The RollingStone reported the BBC live, too.

His original rough notes of the song has been a topic. They are often noted as an important historical piece in America. In May 2015, the original lyrics written by himself was sold in market publicly (at an auction). This news surprised people all over the world. He sold the original lyrics at auction for $1.5 million (£800,000). It is said that there are four handwritten copies of the handwritten lyrics to “American Pie.” A 18-page copy consists of 237 lines. One copy was sold at the auction as already mentioned, and a second copy sold for $100,000 in August 2017.

"All roads lead to American Pie," said Don McLean of the song that made him famous. "As American as apple pie was the saying. It was some kind of a big American song that I wanted to write, which would be a conclusion for my show and bring all the songs home, which it still does. I can go anywhere I want with American music and come home to that. And it all makes sense." 

In this way, he has never been explaining the real intention or meaning of the song in the past interviews. He just said, “I was around in 1970 and now I am around in 2015... there is no poetry and very little romance in anything anymore, so it is really like the last phase of American Pie.” Many details in the song still remains in mystery, as he did not mention anymore.

## Suggested reading 
*What's so great about 'American Pie'? - April 7, 2015, Cable News Network
*Don McLean: 'American Pie changed my life' - May 18, 2015, The Telegraph

## Related pages 
* Don McLean - an American popular singer

## References 
## Other websites 
*An original version of American Pie at Youtube
*American Pie live at BBC in 1972 from BBC Newsnight archives at YouTube
Abdul Hay Mosallam Zarara

**Abdul Hay Mosallam Zarara** (10 March 1933 &ndash; 1 August 2020) was a self-taught Palestinian artist. He was born in Al-Dawayima, near Al Khalil (Hebron), in Palestine.

Mosallam was known for recreating scenes from daily life in his lost Palestinian home. Mosallam also created documentation of the recent Palestinian struggle and liberation movements in the form of painted reliefs. 

Mosallam Zarara died on 1 August 2020 in Amman, Jordan at the age of 87.

## References
Wilmington insurrection of 1898

The **Wilmington insurrection of 1898**, also known as the **Wilmington massacre of 1898** or the **Wilmington coup of 1898,** happened in Wilmington, North Carolina, on Thursday, November 10, 1898. 

It is seen as a turning point in post-Reconstruction North Carolina politics. It caused more intense racial segregation of African Americans throughout the South. It made it harder for African-Americans to vote. 

The event was caused after many white supremacists took over the Wilmington city government which was controlled by both white and black men and killed the black alderman. After the event, no black politician was in charge in Wilmington.

It has been called a race riot caused by blacks by white newspapers at the time. However, over time, with more facts publicized, the event has come to be seen as a ''coup d'état*, the violent overthrow of a duly elected government, by a group of white supremacists. It is seen as the only coup in American history. 

The *coup'' happens with 2,000 white men. They destroyed the property and businesses of black citizens built up since the Civil War, including the only black newspaper in the city, and killed about 60 to more than 300 people.

## References
Sa. Kandasamy

**Sa. Kandasamy ** (23 July 1940 – 31 July 2020) was an Indian novelist and filmmaker. He was born in Tamil Nadu. His 1968 novel *Chayavanam* was listed by the National Book Trust as a masterpiece in modern Indian Literature.

In 1998, Kandasamy was honored with the Sahitya Academy award for his novel *Vicharanai Commission*.

Kandasamy died on 31 July 2020 from a heart attack, aged 80.

## References
Litoria nullicedens

***Litoria nullicedens*** is a tree frog from Papua New Guinea.  Scientists found this frog on the southwestern side of Mount Obree, at 550 meters above sea level.

This frog has green coloring on the inside of its mouth.  Scientists say it is related to the northern New Guinea tree frog, *Litoria graminea*.

## References
Ua Mau ke Ea o ka ‘Āina i ka Pono

***Ua Mau ke Ea o ka ‘Āina i ka Pono*** is the state motto of Hawaii. In Hawaiian, it means "The life of the land is perpetuated in righteousness".

## References
Japanese Society for Rights of Authors, Composers and Publishers

**Japanese Society for Rights of Authors, Composers and Publishers** is also called **JASRAC** in short. Its official name in Japan is 一般社団法人日本音楽著作権協会.

JASRAC was made in 1939. It is the only organization in Japan to manage and protect copyrights in Japan.

JASRAC can only manage copyrights inside Japan. As for outside Japan (for overseas), foreign organizations such as ASCAP, Muserk manage copyrights of origins of Japan instead, according to a separete agreement with these organizations. 129 foreign organizations have relation with JASRAC.

When people in Japan uses music, videos and books for business useage,  originally produced in outside Japan must pay proper money for their copyrights. For this purpose or business, JASRAC manage copyrights in turn by legal agreements with organizations overseas such as PRS for Music, ASCAP, BMI,  SESAC, HARRY FOX AGENCY and Muserk.

## Numerical information 
Numerical information on music business is made public every year. In 2019, JASRAC collected national money of 117,691,182,223 yen in total from April 1 to March 31. On the other hand, JASRAC gave 117,056,695,494 yen to members such as songwriters in total during the same period.

## References 
## Related pages 
* American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers (ASCAP)
* Recording Industry Association of Japan (RIAJ)
* Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA)

## Other websites 
*https://www.jasrac.or.jp/ejhp/index.htm - The official website of JASRAC
Robert Gnaizda

**Robert Leslie Gnaizda** ( ) (August 6, 1936 – July 11, 2020) was an American civil rights activist. He was the co-founder, General Counsel and Policy Director for the Greenlining Institute. He was born in New York City.

Gnaizda died of a heart attack on July 11, 2020 in San Francisco, aged 83.

## References
Saori Minami

**Saori Minami** (born Akemi Shinoyama, 篠山 明美) is a retired Japanese female popular singer. She was also called "Cynthia" as a nickname.  
## Early life and career 
Minami was born on July 2, 1954 in Okinawa, Japan. She is bilingual in English and Japanese as her father-in-law was of the Philippine origin. In 1971, at age 17, her talent in music was discovered by a manager who worked for music company. She was recommended by him as a singer. 
Soon after that, she recorded a song "17才"(Seventeen years old), written by a songwriter Kyohei Tsutsumi. She then became popular all over Japan. She had been continuing to make hit songs in 1970s. She retired from a singer in 1978 and got married to Kishin Shinoyama, a famous cameraman in 1979. Shinoyama died in 2024.

## Discography 
Her major hit songs were as follows.

*17才 (1971)
*潮風のメロディー (1971)
*ともだち (1972)
*哀愁のページ (1972)
*早春の港 (1973)
*色づく街 (1973)
*ひとかけらの純情 (1973)
*バラのかげり (1974)
*想い出通り (1975)
*人恋しくて (1975)
*春の予感 (1978)

## References 
## Other websites 
*Saori Minami official homepage at Sony Music.co.jp
*Saori Minami solo show in 1975 at YouTube
*A special article on the 50th anniversary of her  in the weekly magazine "Gendai", or in Yahoo! News in Japanese
Edina Müller

**Edina Müller** (born 28 June 1983) is a German wheelchair basketball player. She won a gold medal at the 2012 Summer Paralympics and silver medal at the 2016 Summer Paralympics.

She played several major tournaments like 2011 European Championship, 2012 Paralympic Games, and 2014 World Championships.

## References
Viktor Saneyev

**Viktor Danilovich Saneyev** (Georgia (country) ვიქტორ სანაევი 3 October 1945 &ndash; 3 January 2022) was a Georgian triple jumper. He competed internationally for the USSR and won four Olympic medals; three golds (1968, 1972 and 1976) and one silver (1980). He was born in Sukhumi, Georgian SSR.

Saneyev died on 3 January 2022 in Sydney, Australia, three months after his 76th birthday.

## References
Cherokee language

The **Cherokee language** (ᏣᎳᎩ ᎦᏬᏂᎯᏍᏗ, *Tsalagi Gawonihisdi*) is an endangered language spoken by the Cherokee people.

## Writing system 
The Cherokee language does not use the Latin alphabet (ABCs) like English does. Instead, it uses its own alphabet, which has some letters that look like the ABCs. Each letter represents a different syllable sound. This special alphabet was invented by a Cherokee man named Sequoyah.

Below is a chart of all the letters of the Cherokee alphabet and the sound each one makes.

**Notes:**
# In the chart, ‘v’ represents a nasal vowel, which is pronounced like "ung" in "lung".
# The character Ꮩ *do* is shown upside-down in some fonts. It should look like the Latin letter *V*.

## Grammar 
The Cherokee language uses many prefixes and suffixes.

## Notes 
## References
## Other websites 
*Wiktionary in Cherokee
Gustaf Skarsgård

**Gustaf Caspar Orm Skarsgård** (born 12 November 1980) is a Swedish actor. He is best known outside Scandinavia for his role as Floki in the History Channel series *Vikings* as well as for his roles in the movies *Evil* (2003), *The Way Back* (2010), *Kon-Tiki* (2012) and *Oppenheimer* (2023). He also played Karl Strand in the second season of the HBO series *Westworld*.

## Early life 
Gustaf Skarsgård was born in Stockholm, Sweden, to Swedish actor Stellan Skarsgård and his first wife, My, a physician. He has five siblings: Alexander, Sam, Bill, Eija and Valter, and two half-brothers Ossian and Kolbjörn from his father's second wife, Megan Everett. Alexander, Bill, and Valter are also actors. His godfather is Swedish actor Peter Stormare.

## Career 
In 1989, as a nine-year-old, Gustaf Skarsgård acted in the Swedish Film *Codename Coq Rouge*. After attending Teaterhögskolan in Stockholm from 1999 to 2003, Gustaf Skarsgård joined the Royal Dramatic Theatre. He played in several of Shakespeare’s, Chekhov's and Söderberg’s works both on the Royal Dramatic Theatre and on Stockholm City Theatre. In 2003 he performed in *Evil* and 2008 in *Patrik 1,5*. For both roles he was nominated for the Guldbagge Awards as Best Supporting Actor and as Best Leading Actor. Finally, he received the prize as Best Leading Actor for his role in *Förortsungar*. In 2012, Skarsgård joined the History Channel's series *Vikings* in the role of Floki, the shipbuilder.
## Personal life 
Gustaf Skarsgård was in a long term relationship with actress Hanna Alström from 1999 to 2005.

## Awards and distinctions 
Skarsgård won a Guldbagge Awards for *Kidz In da Hood*. He won the European Film Academy’s Shooting Stars Award in 2007.

## Notes 
## References 
## Other websites 
* 
*
Darleen Carr

**Darleen Carr** (born December 12, 1950) is an American actress, singer, and voice-over artist.  She has also been credited as Darlene Carr or Darleen Drake. She has two sisters, both actresses (Shannon Farnon and Charmian Carr).

## Career
Carr's only television series in which she had a lead billing was the short-lived CBS sitcom *Miss Winslow & Son* (1979), in which she played Susan Winslow, the single mother and titular character. In 1965–1966, Carr played Kathy, a student at a private girls' academy in California on *The John Forsythe Show*. She was a regular on the 1969 version of the NBC variety series *Dean Martin Presents the Gold Diggers*  and played Cindy Smith in the 1971-1972 ABC comedy-drama *The Smith Family*. Carr also had recurring roles as Margaret Devlin in the western series *The Oregon Trail* (1977)  and the editor, reporter and photographer of the town newspaper in the 1981–1982 television series *Bret Maverick*.

Carr portrayed Kathleen "Kick" Kennedy, John F. Kennedy's favorite sister, in a television movie, *Young Joe, the Forgotten Kennedy*. She appeared in the miniseries *Once an Eagle* (1976). She portrayed the daughter of Karl Malden's character on 12 episodes of *The Streets of San Francisco* (1972–77), as well as in the TV movie sequel, *Back to the Streets of San Francisco* (1992).

On television during the 1970s and 1980s she was a guest on such shows as *The F.B.I.* (on 2 episodes), The Virginian,*Alias Smith and Jones*, *Marcus Welby M.D.* (2 episodes), *Chopper One*, *The Rookies* (3 episodes), *The Waltons*, *S.W.A.T.*, *Medical Center* (3 episodes), *Man from Atlantis*, *Fantasy Island*, *The Paper Chase*, *Barnaby Jones* (3 episodes), *The White Shadow*, *Vega$*, *Quincy M.E.*, ''Charlie's Angels*, *V*, *Murder, She Wrote*, *Magnum, P.I.*, and *Simon & Simon'' (4 episodes).  In 1994 she appeared as Ambassador E'Tyshra on *Star Trek: Deep Space Nine*.

Her movie roles included appearances in *Monkeys, Go Home!* (1967) —her movie debut, *The Impossible Years* (1968) with David Niven, *Death of a Gunfighter* (1969) with Richard Widmark, *The Beguiled* (1971) with Clint Eastwood, *Eight Days a Week* (1997) with Keri Russell, and TV horror movies such as *The Horror at 37,000 Feet* (1973) and the TV remake of *Piranha* (1995).

She is also a singer and sang in *The Sound of Music*, dubbing the high singing voice for Duane Chase as Kurt, and in Walt Disney's *The Jungle Book*, as The Girl. She released an album, *The Carr-DeBelles Band,* in 1988.

## Personal life
Carr was married to Jason Laskay for two years before they separated in the 1970s. She later married Zelko Megovetich, a horse trainer. They had a son who died of Duncan's Disease in 1981. She was married to actor Jameson Parker.

## References
## Other websites
*
Emil Ciocoiu

**Emil Ciocoiu** (13 September 1948 – 1 August 2020) was a Romanian painter and photographer.

In 1972, he won the *Musée 2000* Prize in Luxembourg, and the City of Bucharest awarded him the scholarship of Theodor Aman in 1975.

From 1994 to 2000, Ciocoiu's works were displayed at the Salon des indépendants in Paris. In 1997, the European Parliament organized an exhibition of his paintings.

Ciocoiu died on 1 August 2020, aged 71.

## References
Taitō

is one of the 23 special wards of Tokyo, Japan. The population was 190,873 in 2015.

On 15 March 1947, the ward of Taitō was formed by combining the wards of Asakusa and Shitaya.
## References
## Other websites
*
John Otto (politician)

**John Clifford Otto** (1948 – August 1, 2020) was an American Republican politician. He was a member of the Texas House of Representatives from District 18 from 2004 to 2017. He was born in Dayton, Texas.

Otto died on August 1, 2020 in Dayton, Texas at the age of 71.

## References
Dayton, Texas

**Dayton** is a city in Liberty County, Texas, United States. The population was 8,777 at the 2020 census.

## References
Reni Santoni

**Reni Santoni** (April 21, 1939 – August 1, 2020) was an American actor. He was born in New York City. His career began in 1962 and he retired in 2012. 

He was known for his roles as Inspector "Chico" González in 1971's *Dirty Harry*, as prison official Ramon Herrera in *Bad Boys* (1983), and as Detective Tony Gonzales in the action movie *Cobra* (1986).

Santoni died on August 1, 2020 under hospice care in Los Angeles from cancer at the age of 81.

## References
David L. Gunn

**David L. Gunn** (born June 21, 1937) is an American transportation businessman. He was born in Boston, Massachusetts.

He was Director of Operations of the Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority (MBTA) from 1975 to 1979, General Manager and Chief Operations Officer of the Southeastern Pennsylvania Transportation Authority (SEPTA) from 1979 to 1984, President of the New York City Transit Authority from 1984 to 1990, the General Manager at WMATA (the Washington Metro) from 1991 to 1994, and Chief General Manager of the Toronto Transit Commission in Canada from 1995 to 1999.

In 2002, Gunn became president of Amtrak. He was fired in 2005.

## References
Tim Wirth

**Timothy Endicott Wirth** (born September 22, 1939) is an American politician and environmentalist. He was born in Santa Fe, New Mexico.

Wirth, a Democrat, was a member of the House from 1975 to 1987. He was elected to the Senate in 1986, serving one term there before retiring in 1993. 

He worked in the United States Department of Education for President Richard Nixon and was the first Under Secretary of State for Global Affairs for the United States Department of State for President Bill Clinton. 

He worked with Vice President Al Gore on global environmental and population issues, supporting the administration's views on global warming. 

From 1998 to 2013, he was the president of the United Nations Foundation.

## References
Nicholas D'Agosto

'''Nicholas D'Agosto '* (born April 17, 1980) is an American actor. He is known for being the lead of *Final Destination 5*. He starred in the Showtime series *Masters of Sex* and the Fox series *Gotham''.

## References
Ryōko Tateishi

was a Japanese stage, movie and television actress. She was from Nagasaki, the capital city of Nagasaki Prefecture. She appeared in many theatrical works directed by Yukio Ninagawa.
## References
Gregory Areshian

**Gregory Areshian** (13 May 1949 – 2 August 2020) was an Armenian-American archeologist and historian. He was a professor at American University of Armenia. He was the co-director of the international team of archeologists that found the 5,500 years old shoe in and the oldest winery in Areni.

Areshian taught at 14 American universities and colleges including; the University of California, Los Angeles, University of California, Irvine, University of Chicago, University of Wisconsin, Platteville, and Amherst College. 

Areshian died on 2 August 2020 in Yerevan from COVID-19, aged 71.

## References
Sumida, Tokyo

is one of the 23 special wards of Tokyo, Japan. The population was 287,766 in 2025.

On 15 March 1947, the ward of Sumida was formed by combining the wards of Honjo and Mukojima.
## References
## Other websites
*
Siddaramaiah

**Siddaramaiah** (born 12 August 1948)   is a senior Indian politician and the current Chief Minister of Karnataka as of 2025. He is a member of the Indian National Congress (INC) party. He has served as Chief Minister of Karnataka twice, first from 2013 to 2018, and again starting in May 2023.

## Early Life and Education
Siddaramaiah was born on 12 August 1948 in Siddaramanahundi, a village in Mysore district, in present-day Karnataka. He comes from a humble farming background. He studied science and law and earned a B.Sc. degree and a Bachelor of Law (LLB) degree from the University of Mysore.

## Political Career
Siddaramaiah began his political journey in the 1980s. He was first elected to the Karnataka Legislative Assembly in 1983. Over the years, he worked with different political parties, including Janata Dal and Janata Dal (Secular), before joining the Indian National Congress in 2006.

He held several important ministerial positions in the Karnataka government, including Finance Minister and Deputy Chief Minister.

In 2013, he led the Indian National Congress to a major victory in the state elections and became the Chief Minister of Karnataka. He was the first CM in 40 years to complete a full 5-year term (2013–2018). His government focused on social welfare schemes, free rice distribution and healthcare.

After a gap, he returned as Chief Minister again in May 2023 after the Congress party won the Karnataka assembly elections. He continues to hold the position as of 2025. 

## Personal Life
Siddaramaiah is married to Parvathi Siddaramaiah and they had two sons. One of his sons, Rakesh Siddaramaiah, was being prepared for a political role but sadly passed away in 2016. His other son, Yathindra Siddaramaiah, is also active in politics and served as an MLA.

## References
Adhe Tapontsang

**Adhe Tapontsang** (1932 – 3 August 2020) was a Tibetan resistance fighter of the Chushi Gangdruk. She spent 27 years in the Laogai before taking refuge in India. Tapontsang was born in Ghortsa, Xinlong County, Tibet. 

In 1958, Tapontsang was arrested and separated from her two children. She was subject to interrogation and internment in the Laogai for 27 years, eleven of them as a "free laborer". She was released in 1985.

Tapontsang died on 3 August 2020 in Dharamshala, India at the age of 92.

## References
Jan Halvarsson

**Jan Ivar "Janne" Halvarsson** (26 December 1942 – 5 May 2020) was a Swedish cross-country skier. He was born in Östersund, Sweden. He won a silver medal at the 1968 Winter Olympics.

Halvarsson died on 5 May 2020 in Hammerdal, Sweden, aged 77.

## References
Leslie Randall (actor)

**Leslie Randall** (19 October 1924 –  2 August 2020) was an English actor. He was born in South Shields, County Durham. He was known for starring in *Joan and Leslie*, ITV's first home-grown situation comedy.  He also appeared in the 1963 movie version of *Billy Liar* where he played Danny Boon.

On 2 August 2020, it was announced that Randall had died at age 95.

## References
Carol A. Timmons

**Carol A. Timmons** ( &ndash; August 2, 2020) was an American military officer. She was the Adjutant General of the Delaware National Guard from February 1, 2017, until her retirement on March 2, 2019.

She was awarded the Legion of Merit, Bronze Star Medal, and others.

Timmons died on August 2, 2020 at the age of 62.

## References
St. Jude Children's Research Hospital

'''St. (Saint) Jude Children's Research Hospital''' is a pediatric treatment and research facility focused on children's catastrophic diseases such as leukemia and other cancers. The hospital costs about US$2.8 million a day to run, but patients are not charged for their care. 

It is located in Memphis, Tennessee. St. Jude was founded by entertainer Danny Thomas in 1962.

## Hospital funding and functions 
St. Jude is a 501(c)(3) designated nonprofit medical corporation.

The main source of funding for St. Jude comes from donations raised by the American Lebanese Syrian Associated Charities (ALSAC), which was also founded by Danny Thomas in 1957.

## Awards and achievements 
St. Jude has received multiple awards. In 2022, it was ranked second in the U.S *News & World Report’s* ranking of the best children’s cancer hospitals in the United States.

## References
Vangapandu Prasada Rao

**Vangapandu Prasada Rao** (Telugu: వంగపండు ప్రసాదరావు) (1943 &ndash; 4 August 2020) was an Indian poet, lyricist and actor. He was better known as "Vangapandu". He was born in Andhra Pradesh. A political writer, he was known for writing works that were pro-communism and held rallies about it. He also wrote revolutionary songs such as *yantrametta nadustumdantee*, *Jajjenaka janare*, *eem pillado eldamostavaa* and *ooda nuv vellipoke*.

Rao died on 4 August 2020 at the age of 77.

## References
Ernesto Brambilla

**Ernesto** "**Tino**" **Brambilla** (31 January 1934 – 3 August 2020) was a Grand Prix motorcycle road racer. He was a professional race car driver. He was born in Monza. 

In 1959, he finished in 10th place in the 350cc Grand Prix motorcycle season. In 1961 he again finished in 10th place in the 350 class.

Brambilla entered in two Formula One Grands Prix, firstly in the 1963 Italian Grand Prix, which he failed to qualify. 

Brambilla died on 3 August 2020 in Monza from a heart attack, aged 86.

## References
Bart's Friend Falls in Love

"'''Bart's Friend Falls in Love**" is the 22nd episode of the 3rd season of ***The Simpsons*'''. It was first shown on television on May 7, 1992. In the episode, Bart's friend Milhouse gets a girlfriend named Samantha Stanky. Bart gets jealous and tells Samantha's father about the . Samantha's father sends her to a different school that only allows girls. While this happens, Homer tries to lose weight using a subliminal stimuli cassette tape. However, Homer is given a tape about using better vocabulary instead.

The  of the episode is a parody of the movie *Raiders of the Lost Ark*. The  of the episode is a parody of the movie *Casablanca*.
## Story
Milhouse shows Bart his new toy, a Magic 8-Ball. Bart asks the Magic 8-Ball if he and Milhouse will still be friends at the end of the day. The Magic 8-Ball says that they will not. A girl from Phoenix, Arizona named Samantha Stankey becomes a new student at the Springfield Elementary School. Milhouse  with Samantha. When school is over, Milhouse brings Samantha to Bart's treehouse and kiss each other. 

Milhouse does not spend time with Bart anymore. This makes Bart feel jealous and left out. Bart tells Samantha's father about her relationship. Samantha's father gets angry at her and puts her in a catholic school that is for girls. Bart starts to feel guilty when he sees that Milhouse is very sad, so he tells Milhouse that he told Samantha's father about the relationship. Milhouse gets very angry and fights Bart. When they , they go to the school that Samantha has been put in. Samantha loves the new school, but she still loves Milhouse. She kisses Milhouse, knowing that she will get punished for doing so.

While this happens, Lisa thinks that Homer is too obese. Marge  a cassette tape that will subliminally get Homer to lose weight. However, they are given a tape on how to have better vocabulary. Homer has been using more  words, but he is also getting more weight. When Homer finds out that the tape is only making him more obese, he  and no longer uses complex words.
## Reception
Colin Jacobson of DVD Movie Guide said that the episode is a "". He says that the episode "gets into -teen emotions but never becomes ." He also says that the other story with Homer "provides  laughs as well." Nate Meyers of Digitally Obsessed thought it was  to see Milhouse in a , but said "Still, the love triangle makes for some  ". Bill Gibron of DVD Verdict thought that the main story was "" but liked the story with Homer. Nathan Ditum of Total Film and Colin Kennedy of *Empire* said that the episode's parody of *Raiders of the Lost Ark* is the best movie parody of the show.
## References
## Other websites
*
*
*
Tiffany Haddish

**Tiffany Sara Cornilia Haddish** (born December 3, 1979) is an American actress, comedian, and author. She is known for her role as Nekeisha Williams on the NBC sitcom *The Carmichael Show*. 

## References
Magnificent Obsession (1935 movie)

***Magnificent Obsession*** is a 1935 American drama movie directed by John M. Stahl and based on the 1929 novel of the same name by Lloyd C. Douglas. It stars Robert Taylor, Irene Dunne, Charles Butterworth, Betty Furness, Sara Haden, Beryl Mercer and was distributed by Universal Pictures. It was remade in 1954.

## Other websites
* 
*
Nick Kroll

**Nicholas Kroll** (born June 5, 1978) is an American actor, comedian, producer and writer. He is known for creating and starring in the Comedy Central series *Kroll Show*, *The Oh, Hello Show*, the FX comedy series *The League*, and starring in and co-creating in the animated Netflix series *Big Mouth*.

## References
Irfaan Ali

**Mohamed Irfaan Ali** (born 25 April 1980) is a Guyanese politician. He is the 10th President of Guyana and assumed office in 2020. He was a Member of Parliament and the Minister of Housing.

## References
Mark Phillips (Guyana)

**Mark Phillips** (born 1961) is a Guyanese politician and retired military officer. In August 2020, he became the 9th Prime Minister of Guyana. He was the chief of staff of the Guyana Defence Force from 2013 to 2016.

## References
Getúlio Teixeira Guimarães

**Dom Getúlio Teixeira Guimarães** (17 October 1937 &ndash; 1 August 2020) was a Brazilian Roman Catholic prelate. He was born in Cipotânea, Minas Gerais. He became a priest in 1966 in Barbacena. In 1984, Pope John Paul II appointed him to be the Bishop of the Diocese of Cornélio Procópio. He retired in 2014.

Guimarães died on 1 August 2020 from heart disease-related problems in Cornélio Procópio, Paraná, aged 82.

## References
Azerbaijan First Division

The **Azerbaijan First Division** () is the second highest professional division in Azerbaijani professional football. The division is run by AFFA.

## History
Due to the dissolution of the Soviet Union, all Azerbaijan clubs of the former Soviet Premier Division and Soviet First Division organized in a single Azerbaijan Premier League, which meant that the new second tier of Azerbaijani football would remain regionalized. For the first two seasons three regional groups organized the second tier, until in 1994 the single table in use today began to be used.

## Competition format
The First Division currently has of 14 teams. All teams play each other two times.

## Media coverage
CBC Sport currently own all the rights to broadcast the season's games on television. In Azerbaijan, the First Division games is also available on CBC Sport.

## Winners
### Performance by club 
## Records
### Club records
*Most consecutive wins: Absheron, 23, 2010-11
*Most points in a season: Absheron, 72 points, 2010-11
*Most unbeaten run: Absheron, 26 games, 2010-11

## Related pages
* Azerbaijan Premier League
* Azerbaijan Regional League
* Azerbaijan Supercup
* Azerbaijan Cup
* Football in Azerbaijan

## References
## Other websites 
* AFFA   
*  PFL  
* Azerbaijan First Division summary (SOCCERWAY)
Kita, Tokyo

is one of the 23 special wards of Tokyo, Japan. The population was 285,321 in 2015.

On 15 March 1947, the ward of Kita was formed by combining the wards of Ōji and Takinogawa.
## References
## Other websites
*
Annie's Song

"'''Annie's Song'''" is a song recorded and written by singer/songwriter John Denver. It was his second number one song in the USA, staying that place for two weeks in July 1974. It also went to number one in the UK. 

"Annie's Song" was written as an poem to Denver's then-wife, Annie Denver (Annie Martel) of Sleepy Eye, Minnesota.

This song was written in about ten-and-a-half minutes one day on a ski lift to the top of Aspen Mountain in Aspen, Colorado, as the physical exhilaration of having "just skied down a very difficult run" and the feeling of total immersion in the beauty of the colours and sounds that filled all senses. By the time he had finished the 10 minute ride, the song was finished. He went straight home and penned the song. 

The song has since become a wedding standard and an expression of love for many people, due to its grand imagery and the fact it could appeal anyone (Annie is not mentioned by name in any part of the song). 

## Notes 
## Other websites 
* The official site of John Denver
*
All Japan Student Go Federation

**All Japan Student Go Federation (全日本学生囲碁連盟)** is a Japanese student Go organization for holding university Go championships. They have branches in each regions (Kanto, Kansai, Kyushu, Tohoku etc.).
## Differences with other organizations
In Japan, most Go tournaments are held by Nihon Ki-in or Kansai Ki-in. All Japan Student Go Federation and their branches are made for student games. They are not under direct control but have close relation with them.
## Tournaments
They are holding various tournaments with corporate sponsors.
### World Students Go Oza Championship
This is a game to give the student world champion trophy since 2003. Players from each region (including Taiwan, Europe, Oceania etc.) will compete. The expected games in 2020 have been cancelled due to the COVID-19 outbreak.
### All Japan University Go Championship
This is a team competition by each university. Teams that have cleared regional preliminaries can attend. Each team can send only 5 members and substitutes. The sponsor is Yomiuri Newspaper (as same as Yomiuri Giants).

### All Japan Female Student Honinbo
This is the only one game that limits participants by gender. The sponsor is Mainichi Newspaper. Some winners have eventually obtained professional status, or became top amateur players.

### All Japan Student Go Best 10
This is the only one game that allows the attendance of high school and graduate students. It is held since 1964. The sponsor is Asahi Shinbun.
## References
## Other websites
* Official Website
* Official Blog
* American Collegiate Go Association , similar organization in the United States.
The Secret Life of Pets 2

***The Secret Life of Pets 2*** is a 2019 American 3D computer animated comedy movie produced by Illumination, directed by Chris Renaud. It was written by Brian Lynch.

It is the sequel to *The Secret Life of Pets* (2016).

The movie stars Patton Oswalt (who replaces Louis C.K.), Kevin Hart, Eric Stonestreet, Jenny Slate, Tiffany Haddish, Lake Bell, Nick Kroll, Dana Carvey, Ellie Kemper, Chris Renaud, Tara Strong, Michael Beattie, Hannibal Buress, Bobby Moynihan, and Harrison Ford.

The movie was theatrically released in the United States on June 7, 2019, by Universal Pictures. The movie received mixed reviews from critics.

## Sequel 
A third movie is in development, confirmed by Chris Meledandri in a podcast https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-gary-and-kenny-show/id1523714904?i=1000518392475

## References
Azerbaijani Footballer of the Year

has already been chosen as the Azerbaijani Footballer of the Year six times and has the most number of awards.]]

**Azerbaijani Footballer of the Year** is an yearly title awarded to the best Azerbaijani football (soccer) player of the year. The award has been given since 1991, and the winner is elected by authorized journalists from the leading Azerbaijani sport media. On the same occasion, an award is also given for **Azerbaijani Football Goalkeeper of the Year** since 2009. However, this award is not always given every year.

## History
The same year the Association of Football Federations of Azerbaijan was founded, an award for the best Azerbaijani Footballer of the Year began being given every year. The first award was given to former Azerbaijan national football team striker Samir Alakbarov in 1991, and was further awarded in succession in 1992 and 1993. The Azerbaijan national football team captain Rashad Sadygov has the most number of awards at six. The striker Vagif Javadov became the youngest player to win the award in 2009 at the age of 20. The midfielder Mahmud Gurbanov became the oldest player to win the award in 2007 at the age of 34. The award was not given in 1995.

The first Azerbaijani Football Goalkeeper of the Year award was given to Kamran Agayev in 2009, and was further awarded in succession in 2011 and 2012. Both awards are given at the end of the football season.

## List of Azerbaijani Footballer of the Year recipients
### Number of awards per player
## List of Azerbaijani Football Goalkeeper of the Year recipients
## References
Tim Staffell

**Timothy John Staffell** (born 24 February 1948) is an English rock singer, visual artist, model maker and designer. Together with Freddie Mercury and John Deacon, they formed the band Queen.

## References
Azerbaijan Cup

The **Azerbaijan Cup** is a major **association football** competition in Azerbaijan. In its original form, it started in 1936, when the Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic was a republic of the Soviet Union and it was not disputed by Azerbaijani teams in the Soviet league pyramid.

Compared to cups in many other countries, Azerbaijan attracts considerably less public interest and even the cup final tickets are rarely sold out. Consequently, the Association of Football Federations of Azerbaijan has experimented with the cup in order to raise public interest for the cup.

## Format 
The clubs from Azerbaijan First Division (2nd tier) play in the First Round. The winners of that round advance to the Second Round, where the clubs from the Azerbaijani Premier League (1st tier) join. For the quarterfinals and the semifinals, the round-robin system is used. For the finals, the format is restored to head-to-head.

## Participants
All clubs from the Azerbaijani Premier League and the Azerbaijan First Division.

## Soviet time Cup winners
* 1936: Stroitel Yuga Baku
* 1937: Temp Baku
* 1938: Temp Baku
* 1939: Lokomotiv Baku
* 1940: Dinamo Baku
* 1941–46: Not Played
* 1947: Pischevik Baku
* 1948: Pischevik Baku
* 1949: KKF Baku
* 1950: Trudovye Rezervy Baku
* 1951: Zavod im. S.M.Budennogo Baku
* 1952: Zavod im. S.M.Budennogo Baku
* 1953: Dinamo Baku
* 1954: BODO Baku
* 1955: Zavod im. S.M.Budennogo Baku
* 1956: NPU Ordgonikidzeneft Baku
* 1957: Mekhsul Tovuz
* 1958: SK BO PVO Baku

* 1959: Neftyannik Cuba
* 1960: ATZ Sumgait
* 1961: NPU Ordgonikidzeneft Baku
* 1962: MOIK Baku
* 1963: MOIK Baku
* 1964: Vostok Baku
* 1965: Vostok Baku
* 1966: Vostok Baku
* 1967: Apsheron Baku
* 1968: Politechnik Mingechaur
* 1969: MOIK Baku
* 1970: MOIK Baku
* 1971: Suruhanez Salyany
* 1972: Izolit Mingechaur
* 1973: MOIK Baku
* 1974: MOIK Baku
* 1975: Suruhanez Baku
* 1976: MOIK Baku

* 1977: Suruhanez Baku
* 1978: MOIK Baku
* 1979: Suruhanez Baku
* 1980: Energetik Ali-Bayramly
* 1981: Gandglik Baku
* 1982: Gandglik Baku
* 1983: FK Vilash Masalli
* 1984: Konditer Gandja
* 1985: Konditer Gandja
* 1986: İnşaatçı Sabirabad
* 1987: Khazar Lankaran
* 1988: Araz Baku
* 1989: Gandglik Baku
* 1990: Qarabağ
* 1991: İnşaatçı Baku

## Finals
Note
* The Azerbaijan Cup held in 2001–02 was suspended due to the clashes between clubs and AFFA. The clubs themselves then made an alternative cup. The ultimate winner of the cup was Neftchi. However, the result of an alternative tournament that season is not officially recognized.

## Performance
### Performance by club
## References
## Other websites 
*
English Lutheran Church

**English Lutheran Church** is a historic church at 1040 New Hampshire Street in Lawrence, Kansas. It was built in 1870, and it grew in 1900.

## References
Douglas County Courthouse (Kansas)

The **Douglas County Courthouse** in Lawrence, Kansas is a three-and-a-half-story stone courthouse. It was built in 1903.

It was designed by 19th-century architect John G. Haskell. Frederick C. Gunn, who was also an architect, helped.

## References
## Other websites
*Douglas County Facilities page
Nyctimystes ocreptus

***Nyctimystes ocreptus*** is a tree frog from Papua New Guinea.  Scientists found it on Mount Albert Edward, 2600 meters above sea level. Some may also live on Mount Victoria or Mount Knutsford.

This frog has brown eyes.  The veins in its lower eyelid go in all directions, like a net.  This frog's skin is gold-green to gray-green in color.  Its belly is white with purple and brown marks.

The name of this frog is from the words "oculus in rete captus," which means "eye caught in a net."

## References
A55

**A55** may refer to:

## Roads 
* A55 highway (Australia), a road connecting St George, Queensland and Lithgow, New South Wales
* A55 motorway (Canada), a road in Québec connecting Stanstead and Shawinigan
* A55 motorway (France), a road connecting Marseille and Martigues
* A55 road (Great Britain), a road connecting Chester and Holyhead
* Autostrada A55 (Italy), a bypass around Turin
* A55 road (Northern Ireland), a road around Belfast

## Electronics 
* A-series light bulb of diameter 55 mm
* a model of a Fusion Controller Hub (FCH), a chipset used for AMD microprocessors
* Sony Alpha 55, a DSLT camera
* Siemens A55, a mobile phone
* ARM Cortex-A55, a processor microarchitecture

## Other 
* Old Indian Defense, Encyclopaedia of Chess Openings code
* Austin Cambridge A55, a British car
* GER Class A55, a British steam locomotive

## Related pages 
* List of highways numbered 55
Megumi Asaoka

**Megumi Asaoka** (麻丘めぐみ) is a Japanese female popular singer and actress. Asaoka was born on October 11, 1955 in Ohita, Japan and grew up in Osaka. She started as a model for photos of magazines and on TV commercials. In 1972 at age 16, she started as a singer and sung her first recording song "芽ばえ". Her biggest hit that she had ever made was a song "わたしの彼は左きき" in July, 1973. Many songs sung by Asaoka were written by a songwriter Kyohei Tsutsumi.

She had been popular in 1970s. But in 1983 she made up her mind to start herself as an actress for movies and on television.

## Her hit songs 
Her major hit songs were as follows.
* 悲しみよこんにちは (1972)
* 女の子なんだもん (1973)
* 森を駈ける恋人たち (1973)
* わたしの彼は左きき (1973)
* アルプスの少女 (1973)
* ときめき (1974)
* 白い部屋 (1974)
* 悲しみのシーズン (1974)

## Notes 
## Other websites 
*Megumi Asaoka at JVC Music co.jp
*Megumi Asaoka hit songs at YouTube