open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Don Ohl

**Donald Jay Ohl** (April 18, 1936 – December 2, 2024) was an American professional basketball player for 10 seasons (1960&ndash;1970) in the National Basketball Association (NBA). He was born in Murphysboro, Illinois. Ohl played for the Detroit Pistons from 1960 to 1964, Baltimore Bullets from 1964 to 1968 and then for the St. Louis / Atlanta Hawks from 1968 to 1970. He went by the nickname of Waxie because of his short hair cut.

Ohl was raised in Iowa, Peoria, Illinois and Edwardsville, Illinois. He studied at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign.

Ohl died in St. Louis, Missouri on December 2, 2024, at the age of 88.

## References
## Other websites
* Career stats @ basketball-reference.com
* All-Time Largest Trades in NBA History
* Catching Up With ... former Bullet Don Ohl
Pterodactyl (film)

***Pterodactyl*** is a thriller movie focusing on attacks caused by vicious pterodactyls.

## Plot 
At a nest, several eggs fall into the mountain and hatch, revealing themselves as prehistoric pterodactyls. A trio of hunters exploring the Turkish-Armenian border are suddenly attacked by a pterodactyl*,* becoming outnumbered and killed.

A group of scientists, made up of a group of kids (Michael, Angie, Willis, Jason, Kate and Gwen) and their professor, go on an expedition to a volcano on the border between Turkey and Armenia, ignoring warnings about the dangers they face. At their first stop, Kate talks to Michael and tells him that she has feelings for him, but he doesn't answer her, as they are interrupted by Willis, who found a strange substance (pterodactyl urine). 

Meanwhile, a troop of soldiers led by Captain Bargen and consisting of Serling, Zelasny, Clarke, Borrughs and Herbert, capture the rebel leader Yolen.

Angie is attacked by a pterodactyl while bathing in a river, but manages to escape, and Jason is taken away by it. Angie tells the others, but they do not believe her, until a second attack occurs. After this, Tezo and his men attack them, looking for Yolen, but in turn, they are attacked by a large band of pterodactyls, who kill the terrorists, while the civilians are rescued by the military. 

Bargen initially refuses to help them any further, but Kate tells him that she is the daughter of Burton Hailen, a military man and former colleague of Bargen, which makes him change his mind. They again find themselves in a confrontation with the pterodactyls, in the middle of which Herbert and Angie are killed in a gruesome manner. Yolen tries to escape when Borrughs is decapitated by a pterodactyl, but Bargen recaptures him. Kate and Clarke are kidnapped by the beasts and taken to their nests.

At the end, all the pterodactyls are destroyed, except for an allosaurus that emerges from a volcano.
Respect and Freedom Party

The **Respect and Freedom Party** (Hungarian: *Tisztelet és Szabadság Párt*, **TISZA**) is a centre-right political party in Hungary. It was founded in 2020 and is led by Péter Magyar. 

The party was founded in 2020 but gained national prominence in 2024 when it ran in the European Parliament and Budapest municipal elections. With just three months of preparation and no nationwide organization, it came in second in both elections. This rapid rise is unprecedented in Hungarian politics, making it the main challenger to Fidesz, which has governed for fourteen years. 

## History
The party was founded in 2020 but the 2024 European Parliament election, it gained 29.6% of the votes, making it the leading opposition party against Fidesz.

## References
Mazda EZ-6

The **Mazda EZ-6** is a mid-size car produced by Mazda through its joint venture with Changan, called Changan Mazda, in China. It was first introduced in April 2024 at the Beijing Auto Show and became available for purchase in mid-2024. The car is designed as a five-door liftback and comes with a choice of a fully electric powertrain or an extended-range electric vehicle (EREV) configuration.

## History
The development of the Mazda EZ-6 was a collaborative effort between Mazda and Changan Automobile. It utilizes the Changan EPA1 platform, which is shared with models like the Deepal L07.

## Features
The Mazda EZ-6 has many features and the electric version is estimated to have a driving range of approximately 600 km (373 miles) under CLTC standards. The car is equipped with a 14.6-inch central display powered by the Qualcomm Snapdragon 8155 chip, which controls functions such as climate control, seating, and multimedia. Other features include a 14-speaker Sony sound system, 64-color ambient lighting, and "zero-gravity" front seats The vehicle also includes a glass roof .

## Markets
The Mazda EZ-6 was initially launched in China and has been confirmed for release in European markets starting in 2024.
## References
Amoghavarsha Conflicts with Palas

Amoghavarsha I of Rashtrakuta Empire raided the North Eastern India ruled by the Palas at that time, he was successful in defeating the Pala rulers i.e successfully raiding and devastating their territories.

## Raid
Around 866 A.D., after 860 A.D. (the year of the Konnur inscription), Amoghavarsha, the Rashtrakuta king, raided northeastern India.

Vigrahapala I was probably the king of Anga. He faced defeat from the Rashtrakutas around 865 A.D. and then stepped down, handing over the throne to his son Narayanapala. Dr. H.C. Ray suggested that even though Vigrahapala I might have been peaceful like the ancient king Bimbisara's son Ajatasatru, it doesn't mean he didn't show respect to Amoghavarsha.
## Result
*According to some Pala inscriptions, Narayanapala defeated a Dravidian king who tends to be Amoghavarsha of the Rashtrakuta Empire. According to Historian AS Atllekar there were Indecisive skirmishes between Pala Empire and Rashtrakuta Empire. Both sides claim victory over each other.
*According to Historian Bindeshwari Prasad, Rashtrakuta Ruler Amoghavarsha Successfully raided North Eastern India defeating Vigrahapala I and Sarupala (According to some scholars Sarupala is none other than Narayanapala) the contemporary Ruler of Pala Empire. Dr.HC Raya mentions the same.
*According Sailendra Nath Sen Amoghavarsha of Rashtrakuta Empire successfully defeated Narayanapala of Pala Empire.
* R.C Majumdar also states that Narayanapala of Pala Empire was defeated by Amoghavarsha of Rashtrakuta Empire.

## References
Frederik Finisie

**Frederik Finisie** (c. 1958 – 5 December 2024) was a Surinamese politician.

As a member of the National Democratic Party (NDP) he served for 22 years as a member of the National Assembly from 1996 to 2018. From August 2018 to 2020 he was District Commissioner of Brokopondo. In 2021 he moved from NDP to General Liberation and Development Party.

Finisie died at the Academic Hospital Paramaribo on 5 December 2024, at the age of 66.

## References
Maung Maung Aye

**Maung Maung Aye** (; born 1962) is a Burmese army general in the military of Myanmar (also known as the Tatmadaw). He holds the military rank of general and has served in various important positions within the Myanmar Armed Forces. He is currently serving as the Joint Chief of Staff of Myanmar’s military.

## Early life and education 
Maung Maung Aye was born in Thanlyin, Myanmar and attended Defence Services Academy, where he trained to become an officer. He later joined the Myanmar Army, where he began his career and rose through the ranks.

## Military career 
Maung Maung Aye's military career has been marked by his leadership in several roles. He has held key positions within the armed forces, especially in operations related to counter-insurgency and national defense. His career includes significant involvement in military campaigns against ethnic armed groups in Myanmar, particularly in the states of Kachin, Shan, and Rakhine.

Maung Maung Aye's notable rise within the Myanmar military includes his promotion to Joint Chief of Staff in 2021. He succeeded General Mya Tun Oo, who was appointed to a civilian role in the cabinet of Myanmar's military-led government.

## Role in the 2021 Myanmar military coup 
Maung Maung Aye played a crucial role during the 2021 Myanmar military coup, which resulted in the removal of the civilian government led by Aung San Suu Kyi and the National League for Democracy (NLD). The coup took place on February 1, 2021, and Maung Maung Aye was one of the military leaders who supported the takeover.

The coup was widely condemned internationally, with many governments calling for the release of elected leaders and the restoration of democratic rule. The military, led by Senior General Min Aung Hlaing, took control of the country after accusing the civilian government of election fraud, although no evidence was provided. During the coup, Maung Maung Aye was involved in the military's control of the country's security forces controversies.

Maung Maung Aye, like many senior officers in the Myanmar military, has been involved in controversial military actions. His career has been linked to the military’s violent response to protests and armed resistance following the 2021 coup. Reports from human rights organizations have accused the military of using excessive force against demonstrators and ethnic minorities in Myanmar. These aced to international criticism and calls for accountability.

Additionally, Maung Maung Aye’s role in the military’s long-standing operations against ethnic armed groups has also drawn criticism. Many ethnic minorities in Myanmar accuse the military of human rights abuses and war crimes, including forced displacement, torture, and extrajudicial killings.

## Personal life 
Not much is known about Maung Maung Aye’s personal life, as he keeps a low profile outside of his military duties. Like many high-ranking military officers in Myanmar, he is focused on his career and has avoided public discussion of his personal affairs.
## References
Mazda CX-8

The **Mazda CX-8** is a mid-size crossover SUV produced by Mazda. It was first introduced in late 2017 and is known for being a three-row SUV, The CX-8 is similar in design to the Mazda CX-5 but is longer and It was Mazda’s flagship SUV in Japan and is available in multiple countries.

## History and Features 
The Mazda CX-8 was unveiled on September 14, 2017, and launched in Japan in December 2017. the vehicle is available in configurations for six or seven passengers. Initially, the SUV was offered with a 2.2 L Skyactiv-D diesel engine. In 2018, Mazda added petrol engine options, including a 2.5 L Skyactiv-G engine, both naturally aspirated and turbocharged.

## Markets
The CX-8 was initially released in Japan, where it recieved over 12,000 orders shortly after launch. It was also introduced in Australia, where it was available with both diesel and petrol engines. In New Zealand, the SUV was released with a diesel option and underwent updates in 2019 and 2023. The model was marketed in Malaysia and Vietnam with various trims, and it continued to be sold in these regions after Japan's production ended. The vehicle was also available in countries like Thailand, Indonesia, the Philippines, and Singapore, offering different engine options and seating configurations.

## References
LMP – Hungary's Green Party

The '''LMP – Hungary's Green Party'* (Hungarian: *LMP – Magyarország Zöld Pártja'', **LMP**) is a centrist political party in Hungary. It was founded in 2009. The party focuses on environmental protection, fighting corruption, and supporting green energy.

LMP wants Hungary to be more eco-friendly and fair. They support better public transportation, renewable energy, and protecting forests and rivers. The party also works for social justice and equal opportunities for all people.

In 2025, the party's group in the National Assembly ended because many people left the party. Officially, the three LMP politicians are now in Parliament as independent members. In a podcast interview on June 29, Péter Ungár basically said that he has stopped being active in politics and that it is possible LMP might also end.

## Notes
Everybody's Hungary People's Party

The **Everybody’s Hungary People’s Party** (Hungarian: *Mindenki Magyarországa Néppárt*, **MMN**) is a centre-right political party in Hungary. The party was founded by Péter Márki-Zay.

## Ideology 
It has a 12-point plan that includes the rule of law, freedom of the press, siding with the West, joining the Eurozone, and securing borders against illegal immigration.

The party was created to build a conservative political group in Hungary that aims to change the system, ending corruption and careless politics without any clear future plan.

As the Hungarian member of the European People's Party, it aims to represent Hungarian national interests and European values. 

## Notes
Bulawayo

**Bulawayo** is the second largest city in Zimbabwe. It is the largest city in the country's Matabeleland region. The city's population, based on the 2022 census, is listed as 665,940. 

## References
Richard Hudson (American politician)

**Richard Lane Hudson Jr.** (born November 4, 1971) is an American politician. He has been the U.S. representative for North Carolina's 9th congressional district since 2013. He is a member of the Republican Party.

In December 2020, Hudson was one of 126 Republican members of the House of Representatives to sign an amicus brief in support of *Texas v. Pennsylvania*, a lawsuit filed at the United States Supreme Court that tried to overturn the results of the 2020 presidential election. 

## References
## Other websites
*Congressman Richard Hudson official U.S. House website
*Richard Hudson for Congress
* 
*
Krishna II's Attack on Palas

Krishna II of the Rashtrakuta Empire along with his ally Commander Malla I of Velanadu defeated Narayanapala of the Pala Empire during 908 A.D. Krishna II may have annexed Orissa as it was lost by Narayanapala after the Rashtrakuta Invasion while Ranasthambha, the king of sulki conquered Radha province of Pala Empire.

 under Narayanapala  A.D.]]

## Battle
Krishna II, the Rashtrakuta king, likely defeated Narayanapala in battle, as he is said to have been the teacher who made the Gauda people take an oath of humility. However peace was established between the two kingdoms with a marriage alliance, Narayanapala married his son Rajyapala to the daughter of Tunga, who some believe was Jagattunga, the son of Krishna II. Part of Radha may have been taken over by the Sulki king, Maharajadhiraja Ranasthambha. Malla I of Velanadu also claimed to have conquered the Vangas, Magadhas, and Gaudas, and he might have fought alongside Krishna II as a military leader.

.]]

## References
Cruel Intentions (series)

***Cruel Intentions*** is an American drama and romance television series. It is based on the 1999 movie of the same name, which itself was inspired by the French novel Les Liaisons Dangereuses by Pierre Choderlos de Laclos.

## Plot
The story follows two step-siblings, Caroline Merteuil and Lucien Belmont, who are rich, powerful, and ruthless. They attend the prestigious Manchester College near Washington, D.C. The siblings will do anything to stay at the top of the social ladder, including manipulation and betrayal.

When a scandal threatens to expose the corrupt system of the school's elite societies, they create a dangerous plan. They involve Annie Grover, the daughter of the Vice President of the United States, in their schemes. The show explores themes like power, love, loyalty, and morality.

## Main cast
* Sarah Catherine Hook as Caroline Merteuil
* Zac Burgess as Lucien Belmont
* Savannah Smith as Annie Grover

## Production
The series was created by Phoebe Fisher and Sara Goodman. It is produced by Sony Pictures Television and Amazon MGM Studios. The show streams on Amazon Freevee.

## Reception
The show has received mixed reviews. Some praised its bold storytelling and modern themes, while others criticized it for not living up to the original movie. It has a rating of 3.2/5 based on six user reviews.

## Trivia
* The series updates the original movie's setting and themes for a modern audience.
* It explores how social media and technology affect relationships and power dynamics.

## Episodes
The first season premiered in 2024 and includes eight episodes:

* Alpha
* Beta
* Gamma
* Delta
* Epsilon
* Zeta
* Eta
* Theta

## Sources
https://www.fernsehserien.tv/eiskalte-engel.shtml
Zhang Qiongyue

**Zhang Qiongyue** (; born 12 March 2004) is a Chinese rifle shooter. She won a bronze medal at the 2024 Summer Olympics, a gold and a bronze at the  and other medals.

## References 
## Other websites 
*
Ameerega yoshina

***Ameerega yoshina*** is a frog.  It lives in Peru.

## Body
The adult frog is 26 - 35 mm long from nose to rear end. This frog has small front feet for a frog its side.  There are yellow stripes from the eyes to the rear end.  Other than that, these frogs can be different colors depending on where they live.  Frogs that live near Contamana have brick-red or orange backs and green-gold or yellow-green bellies. Frogs from Callanayacu can have orange or red backs but are usually orange and they have blue bellies with black marks on them.  In both groups of frogs, the legs can be black, light olive green, or any color in between.

## Name
Scientists named this frog *yoshina* for the word *yoshin*, which means "evil spirit" in the Panoan language. They named it this because the frog is hard to see and because its voice sounds strange.

## Home
People have seen this frog in two places, one in Serranía de Contamana and the other in Cordillera Azul.  It lives in forests that human beings have not changed. People have seen it near streams.  People see the adult frogs under logs or under dead leaves on the ground.  Scientists saw the frog between 230 and 600 meters above sea level.

The frog lives in at least one protected park, Cordillera Azul National Park. It also lives just outside Sierra del Divisor National Park.

## Young
The male frog sits on the dead leaves on the ground and calls to the female frogs. The tadpoles swim in pools of water that are not deep and are in the forest.

## Danger
Scientists say this frog is in danger of dying out. People change the places where the frog lives, especially near Río Huallaga. People cut down forests to make farms, for example palm oil, coffee, and banana farms. In Seirra del Divisor, people change the places the frog lives by building roads, building pipes to move oil, digging good rocks out of the ground and digging oil out of the ground. People also come into the forest to get wood to build with but this is against the law.

## First paper
*

## References
2022 FIFA World Cup controversies

The **awarding of the 2022 FIFA World Cup to Qatar** has raised a number of concerns and controversies regarding Qatar's suitability as a host country and the fairness of the FIFA World Cup bidding process. Criticism from various media outlets, sports experts and human rights groups highlighted issues such as Qatar's poor football history, the expected high cost, the local climate, although other parts of the world do not focus as much on these concerns.

The choice of hosting the World Cup in Qatar has been the source of considerable controversy. Criticism focused on Qatar's multiple human rights violations, particularly the treatment of migrant workers, women and the position on LGBT rights, leading to allegations of " sportswashing." Others have cited Qatar's intense heat and lack of a strong football culture, as well as evidence of bribery for hosting rights and widespread corruption within FIFA. Several countries, clubs and players declared boycotts of the event,

## Human rights 
Various groups and media outlets have expressed concern about Qatar's suitability to host the event, due to serious questions about respect for human rights.

In October 2022, some European national teams announced that their respective team captains wear armbands alluding to support the LGBT. A few days before the start of the World Cup, FIFA warned that players wearing such a badge would be reprimanded, so the European federations backed down on their intentions to wear a badge in LGBT colours.

IIn an interview for the German television channel ZDF, one of the ambassadors of the World Cup, former international player Khalid Salman, declared that ‘homosexuality is a mental damage’. Following these statements, representatives of the organising committee interrupted the interview.

## References
2022 FIFA World Cup opening ceremony

The **2022 FIFA World Cup opening ceremony** takes place on 20 November at Al-Bayt Stadium in Al-Khor, Qatar.

It will be broadcast at 18:00 UTC+03 (local time), prior to the match between hosts Qatar and Ecuador on first day of Group A.

Italian artistic director Marco Balich, who has already worked on a number of Olympic Games ceremonies, is in charge of organising the show.

A series of concerts is also planned, featuring Jeon Jungkook, the South Korean singer of BTS, and the American rapper Lil Boy, two names that have been confirmed. A number of other artists have been lined up to take part in the competition, including Maître Gims, Robbie Williams, the Black Eyed Peas, David Guetta, Maroon 5, J. Balvin, Major Lazer and Enrique Iglesias.

## References
Ameerega altamazonica

The **Tarapoto poison frog** (*Ameerega altamazonica*) is a frog.  It lives in Peru.

## Body
The adult frog is 18-25 mm long from nose to rear end. These frogs can have different colors depending on where they live. Mostly, the skin of the frog's back is black or dark brown in color with two white stripes from the nose all down the body and two more from the mouth down the front legs. Frogs that live further north are darker in color. Frogs that live further south have copper-colored skin and orange color to confuse animals that want to eat the frog near where the back legs meet the body.

Because this frog has bright colors, like other frogs in *Ameerega*, scientists think it also has poison in its skin, like other frogs in *Ameerega*.

## Home
People have seen this frog in many places, usually near roads or small streams. People only sometimes see it in forest that has been destroyed and is growing back. Scientists saw the frog between 150 and 865 meters above sea level.

The frog lives in at least one protected park, Parque Nacional Río Abiseo. Scientists think it might also live in Área de Conservación Cordillera Escalera and Parque Nacional Cordillera Azul.

## Young
The male frog sits on the dead leaves on the ground and calls to the female frogs. His voice sounds like "peep." Scientists have not seen wild frogs lay eggs. When the frog lives with humans, the female puts her eggs on dead leaves on the ground or on leaves of living plants near the ground. She lays  14-22 eggs at a time. After the eggs hatch, the adult male frog carries the tadpoles tow water.

The tadpoles are dark brown in color with two white spots, one on each side of the mouth.

## Danger
Scientists say this frog is not in danger of dying out.  It lives in a large place and it is good at living in places that people have changed. People sometimes catch this frog to sell as a pet, but scientists say that this is not a danger to the frog. Also, not many people want this frog for a pet.

## First paper
*

## References
8Wines

**8Wines** is a premium wine importer, online retailer, négociant, and wholesaler based in Prague, Czech Republic, founded in 2015. The company specializes in sourcing unique wines often unavailable in local markets or on other online platforms. 

Known for its selection of rare wines from around the world, it has become a leader in online wine retail, particularly for exclusive offerings.  

## History 
8Wines was started to sell high quality U.S. wines to customers in Europe. Since then, it has added many different wines from other places, including Australia, New Zealand, and Argentina, as well as from European countries like France, Italy, and Spain. 8Wines has grown quickly and has a strong connection with more than 700 wineries around the world, which helps it offer unique wines. 

In 2021, 8Wines received an investment from Chateau Purcari, a well known winery in Moldova. Purcari bought 10% of 8Wines. The partnership helped 8Wines offer more high quality wines from Central and Eastern Europe. Chateau Purcari is recognised as a leading winery in the region and was named the best winery from Central and Eastern Europe at the Decanter Award in 2023. 8 Wines contribute to Forbes Next Big Thing event by hosting a wine tasting.

## Recognition 
8wines has grown quickly and achieved man y successes. It has been recognised in industry magazines as the fastest growing wine company in Europe. The company has a growth rate of 372.6% and an average annual growth rate of 67.8%. 

## Awards 
8Wines received Gold rating from Wine-Searcher for seven year in a row.

In 2024, Financial Times named 8Wines as one of the top 1,000 fastest growing companies in Europe.

## References
SiIvaGunner

**SiIvaGunner** (spelt Siivagunner, pronounced See-va-gunner), formerly **GiIvaSunner**, is a musical group best known for their YouTube channel that uploads videos which claim to be "high-quality rips" of video game music, but in reality are remixes or mashups of the songs most often involving references to Internet memes, popular music, and their own running-gags such as 7 GRAND DAD (a Taiwanese bootleg of a Flintstones video game containing stolen assets of Mario that replace the main characters), The Nutshack, and Snow Halation, a song from the anime Love Live.

## History 
The channel originally went by the name GiIvaSunner; this is a reference to the now-defunct channel GilvaSunner, but with a capital "i" used in place of a lowercase "L" (with the effect of making the channel names appear identical). Following the termination of their original YouTube channel in April 2016, the name was changed to SiIvaGunner for the new channel (retaining the capital "i").

In late 2019, the art gallery Gallery Aferro featured an exhibit titled "Elevator Music 6: SiIvaGunner", curated by Juno Zago. An auditory exhibit, it was a collection of SiIvaGunner remixes of classic and new video game music played inside an early-1900s refurbished Otis elevator.

The channel has also lead to the popularity of some specific Internet memes such as "Yoshi Commits Tax Fraud", a made-up joke video game.

## References
Oracular Spectular

***Oracular Spectacular*** is the debut studio album by the American band MGMT, It was released on October 2, 2007, by RED Ink and on January 22, 2008, by Columbia.
## Track listing
**Notes**
* An earlier version of "Time to Pretend" appeared on *Time to Pretend EP*.
* An earlier version of "Kids" appeared on ''We (Don't) Care*, *Climbing to New Lows* and *Time to Pretend EP''.

## Personnel
* Andrew VanWyngarden – lead vocals, lead and rhythm guitars, synthesizers, bass guitar, drums, percussion
* Ben Goldwasser – keyboards, synthesizers, sampling, rhythm guitar, percussion, backing vocals

## Charts
### Weekly charts
### Year-end charts
## Certifications

## Awards
## References
## Other websites
*
Caroline Chew

**Caroline Rosanna Pei Jia Chew** (born 18 April 1992) is a Singaporean equestrian athlete and lawyer. She was at the 2018 World Equestrian Games and the 2014 Asian Games in dressage. She was also at the 2010 Youth Olympic Games for show jumping. She won many medals in the Southeast Asian Games. She was at the 2020 Summer Olympics.

## Career 
Chew started riding horse when she was six years old. She did show jumping and was seventeenth place in the Singapore 2010 Youth Olympic Games.

Chew later went from show jumping to dressage. Chew was the first Singaporean dressage rider at the 2018 World Equestrian Games in Tryon. She was 56th place.

## Personal life 
Caroline Chew studied law at the Bristol University in England. She lives in London and works as a lawyer at Freshfields Bruckhaus Deringer. Catherine won silver and gold medals in the 2015 Southeast Asian Games in Singapore.

## References 
## Other websites 
*
Cultural depictions of Ronald Reagan

U.S. President Ronald Reagan has been seen in popular culture since he was elected president in 1980. Reagan also appeared many times in popular fiction.

## Culture depiction
### Movies
In the 1991 crime/thriller movie *Point Break*, a face mask of Reagan is worn by the leader (Patrick Swayze) of the "Ex-Presidents", a gang of robbers who wear face masks of former Presidents during bank robberies.
 actor Alan Rickman played Reagan in *The Butler* (2014)

In 2001, Richard Crenna played Reagan in the Oliver Stone television movie *The Day Reagan Was Shot*. In 2007, the edited version of his diary was published entitled *The Reagan Diaries*. It became the New York Times Best Seller.

In March 2018, it was confirmed that actor Dennis Quaid would play Reagan in a biographical movie based on Reagan's life. David Henrie was cast to play a younger Reagan in the movie.

In 2014, Reagan was played by British actor Alan Rickman in Lee Daniels' *The Butler*.

In 2015, Bill O'Reilly published *Killing Reagan*, the fifth book of his *Killing* series. It covers the assassination attempt on Reagan in March 1981. *Killing Reagan* was premiered on National Geographic on October 16, 2016, with actor Tim Matheson playing Reagan. In late 2015, actor Bruce Campbell played Reagan in the second season of Fox's criminal suspense drama series *Fargo*.

### Television
Voice actor Hank Azaria voiced Reagan three times (1993, 1994, and 2012) in *The Simpsons*. Harry Shearer said that *Simpsons* character Mr. Burns is inspired by Reagan. Seth MacFarlane voiced Reagan in *American Dad!* and on *Family Guy* for special episodes.

During the history of *Saturday Night Live*, Reagan has been played by Phil Hartman, Randy Quaid and Robin Williams. In a 2010 short comedy video, *Presidential Reunion*, actor Jim Carrey played the spirit of Reagan trying to speak to Barack Obama about bank companies and the media.

## Other
In October 2018, the Reagan library began showing three Reagan holographs: one where Reagan is in the Oval Office, one where he is in a train during his 1984 campaign and one at his Rancho del Cielo.

Old footage of Reagan and his likeness was used for the 2020 first-person shooter video game *Call of Duty: Black Ops Cold War*.

## Comics
Ronald Reagan met Captain America in Marvel Comics, would become. He even was shown as the star of the Solsons' Comics series *Reagans Raiders*, in 1987.

Marvel Transformers UK Annual 1985 had a story called "Plague of the Insecticons". Optimus Prime lead Prowl and Warpath to a meeting with President Ronald Reagan in Washington D.C. to open a talk between the Autobots and the US government. In 1986, Ronald Reagan made an appearance in volume 1, issue 8, of the DC Comics series Booster Gold.

## Postage stamps
After Reagan's death, the United States Postal Service made a President Ronald Reagan commemorative postage stamp in 2005.

## Related pages
* What would Reagan do?

## References
Peter Robinson (speechwriter)

**Peter Mark Robinson** (born April 18, 1957) is an American author, research fellow, television host and former speechwriter for then-Vice President George H. W. Bush and President Ronald Reagan.

## References
Anthony R. Dolan

**Anthony R. Dolan** (July 7, 1948 &ndash; March 11, 2025) was an American Pulitzer Prize-winning journalist. He was a speechwriter for President Ronald Reagan from March 1981 until the end of Reagan's second term in 1989.

Dolan died at a hospital in Alexandria, Virginia, on March 10, 2025, at the age of 76.

## References
John C. Kornblum

**John Christian Kornblum** (February 6, 1943 – December 21, 2023) was an American politician and businessman. He was the Ambassador to Germany from 1997 to 2001. 

Kornblum died in Nashville, Tennessee, on December 21, 2023, at the age of 80.

## References
TASS

The **Russian News Agency TASS**, or simply **TASS**, is a Russian state-owned news agency. It was founded in 1904. It is the largest Russian news agency and one of the largest news agencies worldwide.

## References
James Mann (writer)

**James Mann** (born 1946) is an American journalist and author. He has written non-fiction books, including three about America's relationship with China. Earlier in his career, he worked at *The Washington Post*, where he took part in the newspaper's Watergate coverage.

His magazine articles have appeared in *The New Republic*, *The Atlantic Monthly*, *The American Prospect*, and *The American Lawyer*. 

## References
## Other websites
**Damage Bigly* January 18, 2018 issue of *New York Review Books*
*discusses his book *The China Fantasy* as part of  the University of Chicago's World Beyond the Headlines Series
*"James Mann", Conversations with History: Institute of International Studies, UC Berkeley
*
Ángela Álvarez

**Ángela Álvarez** (June 13, 1927 – December 6, 2024) was a Cuban-born American singer. She was known as the oldest Latin Grammy Award for Best New Artist winner ever. She shared the 2022 award in 2022. Her songs were first recorded on an album produced by her grandson, Carlos José Alvarez. Alvarez was in the 2022 remake of *Father of the Bride*, where she sang "Quiéreme mucho". She was born in Camagüey, Cuba.

Alvarez died on December 6, 2024 in Baton Rouge, Louisiana at the age of 97.

## References
## Other websites
*
Laurent Ulrich

**Laurent Bernard Marie Ulrich** (born 7 September 1951) is a French prelate of the Catholic Church. He became Archbishop of Paris in May 2022. Ulrich has been a bishop since 2000. He was Archbishop of Lille from 2008 to 2022.

## References
## Other websites
*
Carl the Collector

***Carl the Collector*** is an animated educational children's television series. The series premiered on December 2, 2024, it was aired on PBS Kids. It features the first series on the channel with a main character with autism spectrum disorder. The series features Carl, is an autistic anthropomorphic raccoon who enjoys keeping collections of everything.

## References
Samsung Galaxy A16

**Samsung Galaxy A16** and **Samsung Galaxy A16 5G** are Android mid-range smartphones developed by Samsung, currently running Android 15 with One UI 7.0. Both models were announced on October 7, 2024, and were eventually released on October 25, 2024. The Galaxy A16 has storage options of 128GB and 256GB, and RAM options of 4GB, 6GB and 8GB. It comes in Blue Black, Grey and Light Green.

## Features
### Hardware
#### Camera
The Galaxy A16 comes with a 50 MP rear camera, a f/1.8 wide camera, a 2 MP f/2.4 macro camera and a 13 MP front camera.
#### Chipset
The Galaxy A16 4G comes with Mediatek Helio G99 (6 nm), and the A16 5G has either Mediatek Dimensity 6300 (6 nm) or Exynos 1330 (5 nm) depending on region.

#### Battery and Charging
The Galaxy A16 comes with a 5000mAh battery, and supports 25W fast charging.

#### Display
The Galaxy A16 comes with a Super AMOLED Display that has a 90hz refresh rate. Its display size is 6.7 inches.

#### Memory
The Galaxy A16 offers 128GB/256GB storage options, and 4GB/6GB/8GB RAM options depending on region. Micro sdXC cards are also supported, up to 1TB in size, to further increase the storage size.

### Software
Both 4G and 5G models come with Android 14 out of the box. Samsung Galaxy A16 and A16 5G currently use Android 15 as the main Operating system with Samsung's One UI 7.0. Both Galaxy A16 4G no 5G variant are set to receive 8 more major Android releases, and up to 19 more years of software support from Samsung.
## References
## Other websites
*Samsung Galaxy A16 5G
*Samsung Galaxy A16
List of rulers of Zimbabwe

The **President of Zimbabwe** is the head of state of Zimbabwe. They are elected using a two-round system.

The President is also the head of government. the office of Prime Minister was abolished in 1987. Under the rules adopted by the same referendum, the president serves a maximum of two five-year terms.

## Unrecognised monarchy (19651970) 
On 7 October 1964 the Southern Rhodesian government announced that when Northern Rhodesia achieved independence as Zambia, the Southern Rhodesian government would officially become known as the Rhodesian Government and the colony would become known as Rhodesia. On 23 October of that year, the Minister of Internal Affairs notified the Press that the Constitution would be amended to make this official. The Legislative Assembly then passed an Interpretation Bill to declare that the colony could be referred to as Rhodesia. The Bill received its third reading on 9 December 1964, and passed to the Governor for assent.

On 11 November 1965, following a brief but solemn consensus, Rhodesia's leading statesmen issued their country's Unilateral Declaration of Independence (UDI). This was immediately denounced as an "act of rebellion against the Crown" in the United Kingdom, and Prime Minister Harold Wilson promised that the illegal action would be short-lived. Initially, the state retained its pledged loyalty to Elizabeth II, Queen of the United Kingdom, recognizing her as *Queen of Rhodesia*. However, few seemed to initially realize that Rhodesia was no longer within the Commonwealth's direct sphere of influence and British rule was now a constitutional fiction; Salisbury remained virtually immune to credible metropolitan leverage.

The monarch's powers were the same as prior to the Unilateral Declaration of Independence. However they were *de facto* exercised by the Officer Administering the Government (Clifford Dupont) as the Queen's *de jure* representative.

## Prime Minister of Zimbabwe 
;

### Southern Rhodesia (1923–1970) 
; Notes

* † Died in office

## List 
## References
Bart Lensink

**Bartholomeus Marinus “Bart” Lensink** (28 August 1925 – December 2024) was a Dutch zoologist. He was the fifth director of the zoo Natura Artis Magistra in Amsterdam from 1973 to 1990.

## Biography
Born in The Hague, Lensink received his doctorate in 1963 with a thesis on the distribution of Acrididae in nature reserve . He then worked for some time at the  (National Service for the IJsselmeerpolders) and for nine years as a biology teacher in Brielle. He then became principal of the .

In 1973, Lensink succeeded Ernst Frederik Jacobi as director of Artis. During Lensink's directorship, the approach to animals changed. The animal became central and no longer the pleasure of the visitor, keeper or director. For example, before his directorship, keepers would walk with monkeys and have them perform tricks to please the public. The number of species was reduced by a third, from 1529 species in 1972 to 1051 in 1990.

Lensink died in December 2024 at the age of 99 years old.

## References
Olga Desmond

**Olga Desmond** (born **Olga Antonie Sellin**; 2 November 1890 – 2 August 1964) was a German dancer, actress, art model and living statue.
Sirhind

**Sirhind**  is a town in the Fatehgarh Sahib district of Punjab, India. It is also a municipal council.

## History
Sirhind, now known as Fatehgarh Sahib, is a historic town in Punjab, India. It's situated on the Grand Trunk Road, between Ludhiana and Ambala. The town has a rich history dating back to the 12th century and was once an important center of trade and commerce.

In the 17th and 18th centuries, Sirhind was a key location in the conflicts between the Mughal Empire, the Sikhs, and the Afghans. The town was occupied by various rulers, including the Mughals, the Sikhs, and the Afghans.,

One of the most significant events in Sirhind's history was the martyrdom of Guru Gobind Singh's two younger sons, aged 9 and 7, who were executed by the Mughal governor, Wazir Khan, in 1705. This event led to a long-standing feud between the Sikhs and the Mughals.,

In 1710, the Sikhs, led by Banda Singh Bahadur, attacked Sirhind and killed Wazir Khan. The town was later occupied by the Afghans and then by the Sikhs again. In 1764, the Dal Khalsa, a Sikh army, defeated the Mughal governor, Zain Khan, and occupied Sirhind.

Today, Sirhind is a thriving town with several historic monuments, including the Gurdwara Fatehgarh Sahib, which commemorates the martyrdom of Guru Gobind Singh's sons. The town also has a mausoleum of Shaikh Ahmad Sirhindi, a famous Sufi saint.

## References
Crab pulsar

and the Crab Pulsar (the red glowing dot in the center). Image combines optical data from Hubble (in red) and X-ray images from Chandra (in blue).]]
The **Crab Pulsar** (PSR B0531+21) is a young pulsar located in the heart of the Crab Nebula, 6,500 light years away from Earth in the constellation of Taurus. It was discovered in 1968 from the University of Arizona using the Arecibo Radio Telescope in Puerto Rico. The pulsar is about 970 years old and when a massive star went type II supernova in 1054, it was seen in the day for 20 days and at night for nearly 2 years.

The pulsar is roughly 20 kilometres (12 mi) in diameter and has a rotational period of about 33 milliseconds, that is, the pulsar "beams" perform about 30 revolutions per second.

In 2019, the Crab Nebula, and presumably therefore this pulsar, was observed to emit gamma rays in excess of 100 TeV, making it the first identified source of UHECRs. Additionally, as a result, they observed 24 photonlike events with E>100  TeV against 5.5 background events, which corresponds to a 5.6σ statistical significance. This is also the first detection of photons with E>100  TeV from an astrophysical source.

## Location 
* **Right Ascension**: 05h 34m 31.95s
* **Declination**: +22° 00' 52.2"
* **Distance**: 2 kpc (6,524 light years)

## Features 
The luminosity of the Crab Pulsar is 0.9 times that of the sun. It is about 10 kilometers (6.2 miles) in size and diameter. Its mass is 1.4 times that of the sun. Its tempreture is about 1.6 × 10^6 Kelvin and the core temperature can get to 3 x 10^8 Kelvin, the suns temperature is only 5,777 Kelvin so the pulsar is about 277 times hotter then the sun. Magnetic field is about 15,200,000,000,000 times stronger then Earths (7.6 x 10^12 Gauss) Completes a full rotation in 30.6 milliseconds (about 30.2 times every second).

## How it was formed 
The pulsar was formed in 1054 when a supergiant star went type II supernova about 970 years ago, this star was about 8-12 times the size of the sun. When the star exhausted its nuclear fuel, it could no longer hold itself, the supergiant stars core collapsed under gravity, compressing protons and electrons to form neutrons, then the star exploded into a type II supernova.

The star turns into a neutron star, this neutron star retained a significant amount of angular momentum from the original star, causing it to spin rapidly. The neutron star, now spinning at a high rate, emits beams of electromagnetic radiation from its magnetic poles, these beams sweep across space like a cosmic lighthouse.

## Related pages 
* Vela Pulsar — another famous pulsar

## References
Zaw Min Tun

Zaw Min Tun () is a Burmese army general and senior government spokesperson. He speaks publicly for the Myanmar Army and the Myanmar government. He is Deputy Minister of Information of Myanmar and Information Team Leader of the National Defence and Security Council.

## Early life and education 
Zaw Min Tun was born in Yenanchaung, Magway Region, Myanmar. He studied at the Defence Services Academy and graduated in the 37th intake. He learned military leadership and communication.

## Career 
After graduation, Zaw Min Tun joined the Myanmar Army and worked in different roles. Later, he focused on communications.

In 2018, he became Chief of the Tatmadaw True News Information Team, the army’s official media group.

After the February 2021 military takeover, he became Head of the Press Team of the State Administration Council on 5 February 2021. On 7 February 2021, he became Deputy Minister of Information of Myanmar. Soon after, he became Director of Public Relations and Psychological Warfare of the Myanmar Army. He managed communication and state media messaging.

He also spoke for the military about operations and security issues during the civil conflict.

On 3 September 2025, he became Information Team Leader of the National Defence and Security Council.

## Relieved from Director role 
On 25 March 2026, Zaw Min Tun was relieved from his duties as Director of Public Relations and Psychological Warfare. This happened after his statements about the military leader Senior General Min Aung Hlaing's health. He was replaced by Brigadier General Ye Yint Aung. He continues as Deputy Minister of Information and may still lead government press work.

## Awards 
He received the Pyidaungsu Sithu Thingaha (Sithu) award on 4 January 2026, one of Myanmar’s highest honours.

## Personal life 
Zaw Min Tun is married to Thin Thin Aung. They have one daughter, Yamone Myint Myat.  

## References
Margarita Boladeras i Cucurella

**Margarita Boladeras Cucurella** ( Barcelona, Spain ) is a professor emeritus of Moral and Political Philosophy at the University of Barcelona. She is known for her important contributions in the fields of philosophy, ethics and bioethics.

## Biography 
Margarita Boladeras studied in France, Austria and Germany, therefore she has a good knowledge of French and German languages. She received her BA and PhD in Philosophy from the University of Barcelona, where she has developed most of her academic career. Over the years, she has worked on the development and dissemination of philosophical thought and has actively participated in numerous conferences and seminars, both national and international.

## Research Areas 
Margarita Boladeras' main research areas include:

* Moral Philosophy
* Political Philosophy
* Bioethics
* Human Rights
* Applied Ethics
* Obstetric violence

## Publications 
Throughout her career, Boladeras has published numerous articles and books on topics related to ethics and political philosophy. Some of her most notable works include:

* *La ética de la responsabilidad* (1999)
* *Filosofía moral y bioética* (2004)
* *Ética aplicada y derechos humanos* (2011)

* El concepto "violencia obstétrica" y el debate actual sobre la atención al nacimiento.
* Bioética, sujeto y cultura
* Carta de Margarita Boladeras a José Luis L. Aranguren

## Acknowledgements 
Margarita Boladeras has received multiple awards and recognitions throughout her career for her contributions to philosophy and ethics. ,being an influential voice in the debate on bioethics and human rights in Spain and other countries. 

## References
Zahid Arip

**Muhammad Zahid bin Mat Arip** (born 22 June 1966) is a Malaysian politician. He was a Senator from June 2020 to June 2023 and served as Political Secretary to Prime Minister Mahathir Mohamad from 2018 to 2020.  

He is a member of the Malaysian United Indigenous Party (BERSATU), part of the Perikatan Nasional (PN) coalition, and was previously in the Pakatan Harapan (PH) coalition. Before joining BERSATU, he was with the United Malays National Organisation (UMNO), part of the Barisan Nasional (BN) coalition. He also served on BERSATU's Supreme Council from 2016 to 2020.  

He is the grandson of former Deputy Prime Minister Abdul Ghafar Baba. His uncle, Tamrin Abdul Ghafar, was an UMNO member who later joined the Malaysian Islamic Party (PAS).

## References