open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
National Art Museum of Azerbaijan

**National Art Museum of Azerbaijan** is the biggest art museum of Azerbaijan. It was founded in 1936 in Baku and in 1943 was named after Rustam Mustafayev,

## The displays
Seven of the rooms in the first building show European art, and ten rooms show Russian art. European art includes artworks of Italian (Guercino, Leandro Bassano, Francesco Solimena, Lorenzo Bartolini), French (Jules Dupré, Gaspard Dughet, Pascal Dagnan-Bouveret, Jean-Joseph Benjamin-Constant), Dutch/Flemish (Frans Hals, Michiel Jansz van Mierevelt, Adriaen Brouwer, Adriaen van Ostade, Justus Sustermans, Pieter Claesz), German (Johann Heinrich Roos, Fritz August Kaulbach) and Polish (Jan Styka) painters.

The second building built in 1885 houses Eastern art,  particularly by Persian, Turkish, Chinese and Japanese art. Russian art is represented notably by paintings of Karl Briullov, Alexey Venetsianov, Vasily Vereshchagin, Isaac Levitan, Vladimir Makovsky, Valentin Serov, Vladimir Borovikovsky, Vasily Tropinin, Konstantin Korovin and Ivan Shishkin. There are also restored artworks of Russian avant-garde.

Among Azerbaijani artists represented are painters Mir Mohsun Navvab, Bahruz Kangarli, Tair Salakhov, Azim Azimzade, Salam Salamzade, Vidadi Narimanbekov, Mikail Abdullayev, Togrul Narimanbekov and sculptor Omar Eldarov. The works of Sattar Bahlulzade fill one entire room. 

The museum also holds  and book  of 17th-19th centuries, lacquered () miniatures of 18th-19th centuries and a collection of sherbet spoons, made from mulberry tree.

The first works were  from Saint-Petersburg, Moscow and  s. The museum s were later shown in Canada (1966), Cuba (1967), Syria (1968), France (1969), former Czechoslovakia, Algeria (both 1970), Iraq (1971) etc. The museum is open Tuesday to Sunday from 10:00 until 18:00.

## References
## Other websites
* Museum's overview (Bakupages.com)
Antonino Rocca

**Antonino Rocca** (born **Antonino Biasetton**, April 13, 1927 – March 15, 1977) was an Italian professional wrestler.

## Career
He was trained by professional wrestler Stanislaus Zbyszko in Argentina. During his professional wrestling career, he was known for his unique, acrobatic, off-the-ground, flying wrestling style.

Rocca was responsible for the revival of the New York City Metropolitan-Area territory in the late 1940s which would eventually become part of the modern World Wrestling Entertainment. Rocca would become one of the most well-known wrestlers in America during the golden age of television and had an uninterrupted seven-year run of headlining or co-headlining every main-event at the Garden. Aside from singles competition, Rocca had a successful tag team career with Miguel Pérez. Both Rocca and Pérez were known for drawing huge crowds to Madison Square Garden on a regular basis.

During the early 1950s, he held two regionally-recognized versions of professional-wrestling's world heavyweight singles-championship while he still headlined nationwide  in territories where other wrestlers were the recognized champs. In 1949, he competed for the New York City-area territory owned by Joseph Raymond "Toots" Mondt and the Johnston family of promoters. He was considered to be the box-office draw that helped bring wrestling back to Madison Square Garden, on a regular basis, for the first time since 1938.

After he was demoted, and because of the arrival of Buddy Rogers as the featured star at MSG in 1961, he left the WWWF and briefly set up a competing promotion (which was supported by Jim Crockett, Sr. and others) based at the Sunnyside arena in Queens, NY but it was believed to have failed and it shut down. During the mid-1970s, he teamed up with Vince McMahon to handle the color commentary on the WWWF's weekly television show. In 1995, he was inducted into the WWE Hall of Fame by Kevin Nash.

## Championships
***American Wrestling Association (Montreal)**
**AWA World Heavyweight Championship (Montreal version) (one time)
**American Wrestling Association (Ohio)
**AWA World Heavyweight Championship (Ohio version) (one time)
***Stampede Wrestling**
**Stampede Wrestling Hall of Fame
***NWA Capitol Wrestling**
**NWA World Tag Team Championship (Capitol version) (one time) (with Miguel Pérez)
**NWA United States Tag Team Championship (Northeast version) (one time) (with Miguel Pérez)
***Southwest Sports, Inc.**
**NWA Texas Heavyweight Championship (two times)
***World Wrestling Council**
**WWC North American Tag Team Championship (one time) (with Miguel Pérez)
***World Wide Wrestling Federation/World Wrestling Federation
**WWF Hall of Fame (Class of 1995)
***CWC/WWWF International Heavyweight Championship** (one time)
**Professional Wrestling Hall of Fame and Museum (Class of 2003)
***Wrestling Observer Newsletter awards'''
**Wrestling Observer Newsletter Hall of Fame (Class of 1996)

## References 
## Other websites
*WWE Hall of Fame profile
Monster movie

* was one of the earliest and most well-known monster movies.]]
A **monster movie** (also called a **creature feature** or **giant monster movie**) is a movie with humans trying to stay alive in attacks by very large monsters. Monster movies can fit in the horror, fantasy, or science fiction genres. In Japan, large monsters are called kaiju.

In many monster movies, the monster is created by humans because of something such as a bad experiment, the effects of radiation, or the destruction of habitat. Since the 1953 movie *The Beast from 20,000 Fathoms'', many monster movies have shown the monster being created by nuclear warfare. One of the most well-known movie monsters, Godzilla, was created by a nuclear weapon. Godzilla has appeared in 28 movies and has become a cultural icon in Japan.

## References
The Beast from 20,000 Fathoms

***The Beast from 20,000 Fathoms*** is a 1953 science fiction monster movie. It was released on June 13, 1953, by Premier Productions. It was produced by Warner Bros. It made over $5 million, including $2.25 million in the United States in its first year.

The movie was the first movie to show a monster being woken up or created by an explosion from an atomic bomb. Its success helped cause the creation of more monster movies in the 1950s such as *Godzilla*.

## Plot
An atomic bomb test in the Arctic Circle wakes up a sleeping dinosaur, the fictional *Rhedosaurus*. After being woken up, it destroys New York City before being killed at Coney Island.

## Cast
* Paul Christian as Professor Tom Nesbitt
* Paula Raymond as Lee Hunter
* Cecil Kellaway as Dr. Thurgood Elson
* Kenneth Tobey as Colonel Jack Evans
* Donald Woods as Captain Phil Jackson
* Ross Elliott as George Ritchie
* Steve Brodie as Sgt. Loomis

* Jack Pennick as Jacob Bowman
* Michael Fox as ER doctor
* Lee Van Cleef as Corporal Jason Stone
* Frank Ferguson as Dr. Morton
* King Donovan as Dr. Ingersoll
* James Best as Charlie, radar operator

## References
## Other websites
*
University of Fort Hare

The **University of Fort Hare** is a public university in Alice, Eastern Cape, South Africa. It was an important university for black Africans from 1916 to 1959. 

It offered a Western-style, academically excellent education to students from across sub-Saharan Africa, creating a black African elite. Nelson Mandela studied at the university during his early years before leading a group of students on a political strike and getting expelled.

## References
## Other websites
* Official website
African National Congress Youth League

The **African National Congress Youth League** (ANCYL) is a part of the African National Congress for younger people. It was founded in 1944 by Nelson Mandela and Walter Sisulu. They created the foundation to put an end to apartheid in Africa.

The African National Congress Youth League (ANCYL) was established on 2 April 1944, by Anton Lambede (who became the League’s first President), Nelson Mandela, Ashby Mda, Walter Sisulu and Oliver Tambo. They were joined by, Duma Nokwe, B Masekela, Ida Mtwa, Lillian Ngoyi, James Njongweni, William Nkomo and Dan Tloome. The aim of the Youth League was to push the ANC away from the then South African version of Communism, towards its founding ideology which was Africanism. At the time the ANCYL was established, political circumstances in South Africa were tenuous as the ruling United Party was divided about South Africa’s participation in World War II. Four years after the establishment of the Youth League, the United Party’s rule came to an end and the country was subsequently governed by the National Party.

## Former leaders
* Fikile Mbalula
* Julius Malema

## References
Sit-ski

A **Sit-ski** is a sled used by a skier with paraplegia, spina bifida, muscular dystrophy, or cerebral palsy.

Sit-skis are used for para-Nordic skiing and para-alpine skiing.  Skiers first used bi-skis in para-alpine skiing before using mono-skis.  Mono-skis allow skiers to ski using the same way that people who stand ski down a hill.

When skiers first learn to ski, their teacher may be connected to them on a tether until the skier can control the sit-ski on their own.

## References
Mono-ski

using a mono-ski]]

A **mono-ski** is a sled used by a skier with limited use of their lower limbs, often due to paraplegia, spina bifida, muscular dystrophy, cerebral palsy, or other disabilities.  People who use mono-skis need good balance to stop themselves from falling over.

People first used mono-skis in 1985 in the United States.  Mono-skis allow skiers to ski using the same way that people who stand ski down a hill.

Mono-skis have a hydraulic lift.  This makes it easier for a skier to get in and out of the mono-ski.

## References
Xhosa language

**Xhosa** is one of the official languages of South Africa. Xhosa is spoken by 7.6 million people, or about 18% of the South African population. Xhosa is written using a Latin alphabet. Henry Hare Dugmore helped translate the entire Bible in Xhosa language. Xhosa has ten vowels.

Xhosa is well known for its set of three major clicks.

## References
Most distant things

.]]

This article lists the **most distant things** known to us, all of which are galaxies or energy sources inside galaxies. Their distances are described in two ways. redshift = z, and billion light years (Gly).

As of 2012, there are only about 50 possible objects z=8 or farther, and another 100 z=7 candidates. Candidates vary in their notability,

## References
Athens Olympics

**Athens Olympics** can mean:

*1896 Summer Olympics, games of the I Olympiad
*1906 Summer Olympics, intercalated games, unofficial
*2004 Summer Olympics, games of the XXVIII Olympiad
London Olympics

**London Olympics** can mean:

*1908 Summer Olympics
*1944 Summer Olympics (suspended for World War II)
*1948 Summer Olympics
*2012 Summer Olympics
UDFj-39546284

**UDFj-39546284** is a 'stellar structure' (probably a galaxy) reported January 27, 2011 as light from the oldest object. It was detected through infrared observation by the Hubble Space Telescope.  It was reported in December 2012 to be at redshift z = 11.9 using Hubble and Spitzer telescope data, including Hubble Ultra-Deep Field (HUDF).

The actual stellar source of the light detected no longer exists. The image is likely to correspond to a compact mini-galaxy of blue stars that existed as we see it 13.42 billion years ago, around "380 million years" after the Big Bang (estimated at 13.8 billion years ago).

At the time of the announcement, it was the oldest galaxy found. It beat the previous distance record holder by about 150 million light years. With the revision of the distance, it again became the oldest galaxy found as of December 12, 2012. The next attempt to see further will be the James Webb Space Telescope launched sometime this decade.

Unlike UDFy-38135539, UDFj-39546284 has not been spectroscopically confirmed. A galaxy first formed near to the end of the Dark Ages, it offers information from early after the Big Bang.

## References
Cypriniformes

**Cypriniformes** is a group of ray-finned fish, which includes carps and minnows. The group contains 320 genera, with over 3200 species.

The most well-known family in the order is the Cyprinidae. type species of this order is the common carp, ***Cyprinus carpio***.

## Description 
The Cypriniformes have a Weberian apparatus and a dorsal fin on their backs. Unlike other fish, they don't have teeth in their mouths. Instead, they have pharyngeal teeth.

## Some species 
### Extant species 
* Common carp, *Cyprinus carpio*
* Spined loach, *Cobitis taenia*
* Tench, *Tinca tinca*
* Gudgeon, *Gobio gobio*
* White sucker, *Catostomus commersonii*
* Crucian carp, *Carassius carassius*

### Extinct species 
* †*Cyprinus yilongensis*
* †*Jianghanichthys*
* †*Amyzon*
* †*Palaeocarassius*

## Related pages 
* Cyprinus carpio
* Jianghanichthys

## References
Kylie (album)

***Kylie*** is the first album by Australian singer Kylie Minogue, released on 4 July 1988. The album was produced by Stock, Aitken and Waterman, who also wrote nine of the ten songs. Mostly a dance-pop album, it also contains many bubblegum pop elements.

## Track listing 
All songs written and produced by Mike Stock, Matt Aitken and Pete Waterman, except where noted.

## Other websites 
*Kylie Minogue official website
Transkei

The **Transkei** (meaning *the area beyond the river Kei*), officially the **Republic of Transkei** was a Bantustan—an area for members of a specific ethnicity. It was in the southeastern region of South Africa. Its capital was Umtata (renamed Mthatha in 2004). President of South Africa Nelson Mandela was born here.

## References
Pippi Longstocking

", the house used for the movie and series. It is located on Gotland in the town of Vibble.]]

**Pippi Longstocking** () is a fictional character who originally appeared in a series of children's books by Swedish author Astrid Lindgren. The character has since adapted into several movies and television series. Pippi means "" in old Swedish slang. She was named by Lindgren's daughter Karin, who was nine years old at the time. She had asked for a story from her mother one day when she was home sick from school.

Pippi is an unusual and  nine-year-old girl. She has superhuman strength, and is easily able to lift her horse with one hand. She often  and  adults she encounters; she usually reserves her worst behaviour for the most  adults. Pippi only really gets angry when someone treats her horse badly. Like Peter Pan, Pippi does not want to grow up. She is the daughter of a pirate captain and has adventurous tales to tell. She has four best friends: her horse, a monkey, and the neighbour's children Tommy and Annika.

The first three Pippi Longstocking books were published by Rabén and Sjögren from 1945 to 1948. Another series of six books were published between 1969 and 1975. Two final stories were printed in 1979 and 2000. The books have been translated into 64 languages.

## Books
There are three full-length Pippi Longstocking books:
* *Pippi Longstocking* (1945)
* *Pippi Goes on Board* (1946)
* *Pippi in the South Seas* (1948)

There were three original picture books that were translated into English:

The episode stars (among others) child actor Gina Gillespie as Pippi Longstocking, Renie Riano as schoolteacher Miss Lindquist, and Tor Johnson as circus strongman Mighty Adolf. Pippi defeats bullies and burglars, and out-performs a circus strongman. The episode has been released to DVD.

#### 1969 television series
A Swedish television series, *Pippi Longstocking*, was created in 1968. The stories were based on the books. The first episode was broadcast on Sveriges Radio TV in February 1969. It was a co-production between Sweden and West Germany. Several German actors had roles in the series. Inger Nilsson played Pippi.

Astrid Lindgren had been unhappy with the 1949 adaptation. She wrote the script herself for this version. The series was directed by Olle Hellbom who also directed several other Astrid Lindgren adaptations. This version is the most well-known version in Sweden and other European countries.

#### Soviet television movie
A television movie version, *Peppi Dlinnyychulok*, was released in 1982 by Mosfilm. It was produced by Margaret Mikalan, and starred Mikhail Boyarsky, Lev Durov and Tatiana Vasilieva. Pippi was played by Svetlana Stupak, and her singing voice was provided by Svetlana Stepchenko.

#### *ABC Weekend Special* television special
In 1985, Carrie Kei Heim played Pippi in the *ABC Weekend Special* called *Pippi Longstocking*. It was directed by Colin Chilvers. It was shown in two parts: on November 2 and November 9.

## References
## More reading
*
*
*
*
*

## Other websites
*The home of Pippi Longstocking
*Pippi Longstocking and Astrid Lindgren
Greyfriars Bobby

**Greyfriars Bobby** (4 May 1855 - 14 January 1872) was a Skye terrier. He belonged to a policeman in Edinburgh named John Gray. When Mr. Gray died in 1858, he was buried in Greyfriars Kirkyard. Bobby stayed near the grave of Mr. Gray long after the funeral. He would not leave. 

The little dog came to be called Greyfriars Bobby.  He stayed at the grave for the rest of his life. Bobby died in 1872.

In 1873, Lady Angela Burdett-Coutts erected a drinking fountain (pictured) in Edinburgh to the memory of Greyfriars Bobby. 

Eleanor Stackhouse Atkinson wrote a book about Bobby in 1912. It has never been out of print. A movie based on the book was made in 1961. This movie stars Tam O'Shanter as Bobby, and is described as "a tearjerker, one that saddens and lifts the spirit at the same time."

## References
Fluorescence

under the microscope with three separate channels marking specific cellular components]]

**Fluorescence** is the light given off by certain substances when it absorbs light or other electromagnetic radiation. First the substance absorbs the energy, then it emits light. When the light source is removed, the fluorescence stops occurring. It is a form of luminescence.  

In most cases, the light given off has a longer wavelength and lower energy than the absorbed light.

One of the most surprising types of fluorescence is when a substance absorbs ultraviolet light that cannot be seen by the human eye, but gives off visible light.

Fluorescence is used in many fields such as mineralogy, gemology, chemical sensors (fluorescence spectroscopy), dyes, biological detectors, and fluorescent lights.

Fluorescence in the life sciences is a way of tracking biological molecules. A protein or other component can have a fluorescent dye attached to it, which allows a scientist to visually find the specific protein with a microscope.

## References
Victim blaming

**Victim blaming** is holding the victim of a crime responsible for that crime. Starting in the 1970s, the term was commonly used in the United States. It was mainly used in connection with trials for rape, as well those with a racist background.

## Overview
In 1947, Theodor W. Adorno defined what would be later called "blaming the victim," as "one of the most sinister features of the Fascist character". Shortly after, Adorno and three other professors at the University of California, Berkeley created their influential and highly debated *F-scale* (F for fascist), published in *The Authoritarian Personality* (1950), which included among the fascist traits of the scale the "contempt for everything discriminated against or weak." A common example of victim blaming is the "asking for it" idiom, e.g. "she was asking for it" said of a victim of violence or sexual assault.

## Opposing views
Roy Baumeisteress, a social and personality psychologist, argued that blaming the victim is not always wrong. According to him, it can lead to new ideas that show that the victim was at least partly responsible for the act. Baumeister argues that the common explanations of violence and cruelty are not helpful because they say that the victim was innocent. 

According to him, in the classic telling of "the myth of pure evil," the innocent, well-meaning victims are going about their business when they are suddenly assaulted by terrible villains. The situation, however, is not this simple; In most cases, the victim has done something to either anger the offender, or to help the offender's actions. In spite of this, the actions that follow may be more important than the "victim's" first offense.

## Examples
In 2005, Australian Muslim preacher Feiz Mohammad gave a speech in Australia in which he blamed women for being rape victims.  He said:  "A victim of rape every minute somewhere in the world. Why? No one to blame but herself. She displayed her beauty to the entire world... Strapless, backless, sleeveless, showing their legs, nothing but satanic skirts, slit skirts, translucent blouses, miniskirts, tight jeans: all this to tease man and appeal to his carnal [sexual] nature.

In a case that became famous in 2011, an eleven-year-old victim of repeated gang rapes in Cleveland, Texas, was accused by the defense attorney of sexually attracting men on purpose so that they would try to rape her.  "Like the spider and the fly. Wasn't she saying, 'Come into my parlor, said the spider to the fly?' ", he asked a witness.

In a case that attracted worldwide coverage, when a woman was raped and killed in India in December 2012, some Indian government officials and political leaders blamed the victim for her outfit and being out late at night.

## Related pages
*Rape culture
*Social stigma

## References
Googoosh

**Faegheh Atashin** (, born on 5 May 1950 in Tehran), known by her stage name **Googoosh** (), is an Iranian singer and actress. She is considered one of most iconic female pop-singers in Middle Eastern and Central Asian countries.

Googoosh has been married three times. She has a son, Kambiz. She currently lives in Los Angeles.

## Discography
**Studio albums**
* 1970: Do Panjareh (Two Windows)
* 1971: Mordab (The Swamp)
* 1972: Kooh (The Mountain)
* 1974: Do Maahi (Two Fish)
* 1974: Hamsafar (Co-Traveler)
* 1975: Pol (The Bridge)
* 1975: *Mosabbeb* (with Dariush)
* 1977: Dar Emtedâde Šab (Along the Night)
* 1978: Ageh Bemooni (If You Stay)
* *Nimeh Gomshodeh Man *("My Lost Half", year unknown)
* *Behtarin Fasl-e-Taazeh *("The Best Fresh Season", year unknown)
* Jadeh (The Road)
* Kavir (The Desert)
* Yadam Basheh, Yadet Basheh (Shenasnameyeh 1)
* Setaareh (The Star)
* Mann O Gonjeshkayeh Khoneh (Me and Sparrows of the Home)
* Lahzeh Bidari (Awakening Moment)

**Albums (Since she returned to music)**
* 2000: *Zartosht* (Zoroaster)
* 2004: *Akharin Khabar* (Latest News)
* 2006: *Manifest* (Manifest)
* 2008: *Shabe Sepid* (White Night)
* 2010: * Hajme Sabz* (Green Volume)
* 2012: '' E'jaz'' (Miracle)

## Filmography
## References
## Other websited
* 

* Official website
Paris Olympics

**Paris Olympics** can mean:

*1900 Summer Olympics, games of the II Olympiad
*1924 Summer Olympics, games of the VIII Olympiad
*2024 Summer Olympics, games of the XXXIII Olympiad
Los Angeles Olympics

**Los Angeles Olympics** can mean:
* 1932 Summer Olympics, games of the X Olympiad
* 1984 Summer Olympics, games of the XXIII Olympiad
* 2028 Summer Olympics, games of the XXXVII Olympiad
Khomein

**Khomein** (, also romanized as **Khomeyn**, **Khumayn**, and **Khūmaīn**) is a city in and the capital of Khomeyn County, Markazi Province, Iran.  At the 2006 census, its population was 64,031, in 17,399 families. The city is the birthplace of the Ruhollah Khomeini, leader of the Iranian Revolution.

## References
Sorkheh

**Sorkheh** (, also Romanized as **Surkheh**) is a city in and the capital of Sorkheh County, in Semnan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 9,062, in 2,686 families. Its inhabitants speak Sorkhei, a Semnani language or dialect.

## Notable people
* Hassan Rouhani (1948–), President of Iran from 2013 to 2021.

## References
Semnan province

**Semnan is a Semnani/Komsi Caspiani province, it** is one of the 31 provinces of Iran. Located north of the country, its center is Semnan.

## Other websites
Tommy Gunn

**Tommy Gunn** (born May 13, 1967 in Cherry Hill, New Jersey) is an American pornographic actor. He began his career in pornographic movies in 2004.

## Related pages
* Rocco Siffredi 

## References
Semnan

**Semnan** may refer to:

* Semnan Province, a province in Iran
* Semnan County, a county in the Semnan Province of Iran
* Semnan, Iran, a city in the Semnan County of Iran
Semnan, Iran

**Semnan** (, also Romanized as **Semnān** and **Samnān**) is a **Semnani Caspiani** city in and capital of Semnan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 124,999, in 36,298 families. Semnan is located 216&nbsp;kilometers east of Tehran.

## References
## Other websites
* Semnan.ir
Razavi Khorasan province

**Razavi Khorasan Province** (, *Ostān-e Khorāsān-e Rażavī* ) is one of the 31 provinces of Iran. Its capital is Mashhad.

## References
Anthem of the Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic

The **Anthem of Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic** () was the national anthem of Armenia when it was a republic of the Soviet Union. He was known for his ballets. 

Like many national anthems of republics of the Soviet Union, this song praised Vladimir Lenin, the October Revolution and Communism. It also praised the friendship of republics of the Soviet Union. "Hayastan" in the lyrics was the name that the Armenian ethnic called themselves. "Severe" in the lyrics means the Armenian history, such as earthquakes.

## Lyrics
## Trivia
*This anthem did not begin with an intro.
*This anthem never mentioned Stalin in the lyrics.

## References
Travesti

as Hamlet]]
In theatre, **travesti** (meaning "") is a character performed by a person of the opposite gender. A woman performing as a male in male clothing is called a **breeches role**. Famous travesty roles in opera include Cherubino in *The Marriage of Figaro*, Siebel in *Faust*, and Octavian in *Der Rosenkavalier*. In ballet, the role of Frantz in *Coppélia* was a travesty role at the Paris Opéra until the 1950s.  Carabosse in Tchaikovsky's ballet *The Sleeping Beauty* is performed by a man in woman's clothing. The Stepsisters in Prokofiev's ballet *Cinderella* are sometimes played by men in women's clothing. The title character is a travesty role in the Broadway musical *Peter Pan*.

## References
South Khorasan province

**South Khorasan Province** ( *Ostān-e Khorāsān-e Jonūbī* ) is a province in eastern Iran. Birjand is the centre of the province. Other major cities include Ferdows, Tabas and Qaen.

## Related pages 
* Khorasan
* Razavi Khorasan Province
* North Khorasan Province

## Other websites 
* The text of the law for division of Khorasan into three provinces (in Persian) 
* Cultural Heritage Foundation of Khorasan
North Khorasan province

**North Khorasan Province** (, *Ostān-e Khorāsān-e Shomālī* and Kurdish: Xorasani kurdi) is a province in northeastern Iran. Its capital is Bojnord.

## References 
## Other websites 
* The text of the law for division of Khorasan into three provinces (in Persian) 
* Cultural Heritage Foundation of Khorasan
Bojnord

**Bojnord** (Persian: بجنورد) (also spelled **Bojnūrd**, **Bujnūrd**, **Bojnoord**, or **Bujnurd**.) is the capital city of North Khorasan Province, Iran. It is about  from Tehran.

## Climate
## References
Ardabil province

**Ardabil Province** (, *Ostān-e Ardabīl* ) is one of the 31 provinces of Iran. Its capital is Ardabil. The province was established in 1993 from the eastern part of East Azarbaijan and the northern part of Gilan.

## References
Ardabil

**Ardabil**  (Persian and Azeri: اردبیل, also Romanized as **Ardabīl** and **Ardebīl**) is a historical city in north-western Iran. The name Ardabil comes from the Zoroastrian name of "Artawila", meaning a holy place. Ardabil is the capital of Ardabil Province.  At the 2011 census, its population was 564,365, in 156,324 families, Its inhabitants are ethnic Azeris. Ardabil is also known for the sanctuary and tomb of Shaikh Safî ad-Dîn, eponym of the Safavid Dynasty.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Ardabil Tourist Attractions 
* http://www.irantour.org/Iran/province/ardabil.html .
* http://www.travel-images.com/az-ardebil.html
Sana'a Governorate

'''Sana'a** ( **') is a governorate of Yemen. Its capital is Sana'a, which is also the national capital. However, the city of Sana'a is not part of the governorate. Instead, it forms the separate governorate of Amanat Al-Asemah. The governorate covers an area of 13,850&nbsp;km². As of 2004, the population was 918,379 inhabitants, however an estimate put it at around 1,109,000 inhabitants in 2011.

## Districts
*Al Haymah Ad Dakhiliyah District
*Al Haymah Al Kharijiyah District
*Al Husn District
*Arhab District
*Attyal District
*Bani Dhabyan District
*Bani Hushaysh District
*Bani Matar District
*Bilad Ar Rus District
*Hamdan District
*Jihanah District
*Khwlan District
*Manakhah District
*Nihm District
*Sa'fan District
*Sanhan District

## References
Al Hudaydah Governorate

**Al Hudaydah** ( '''') is a governorate of Yemen. Its capital is Al Hudaydah.

## Districts
*Ad Dahi District
*Ad Durayhimi District
*Al Garrahi District
*Al Hajjaylah District
*Al Hali District
*Al Hawak District
*Al Khawkhah District
*Al Mansuriyah District
*Al Marawi'ah District
*Al Mighlaf District
*Al Mina District
*Al Munirah District
*Al Qanawis District
*Alluheyah District
*As Salif District
*As Sukhnah District
*At Tuhayat District
*Az Zaydiyah District
*Az Zuhrah District
*Bajil District
*Bayt al-Faqih District
*Bura District
*Hays District
*Jabal Ra's District
*Kamaran District 
*Zabid District

## References
Sa'dah Governorate

'''Sa'dah** ( **') is one of the governorates of Yemen. Its capital is Sa'dah.

## References
## Other websites
* IRIN 2007, 'Humanitarian situation in Saada remains poor despite peace agreement', *IRIN*, 31 July. Retrieved on 27 April 2008.
Innsbruck Olympics

**Innsbruck Olympics** can mean:
*1964 Winter Olympics IX Olympic Winter Games
*1976 Winter Olympics XII Olympic Winter Games
*2012 Winter Youth Olympics I Winter Youth Olympics
Ambroise Vollard

, *Portrait of Ambroise Vollard,* 1908, 82 x 65&nbsp;cm, Courtauld Institute Galleries, London]]

**Ambroise Vollard** (3 July 1866 – 21 July 1939) was one of the most important dealers in French modern art in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century. He had his portrait painted by so many artists that Picasso said "The most beautiful woman who ever lived has never had her portrait painted, drawn, or engraved any oftener than Vollard".

He sold these almost unknown artists, who became world-famous. They included Paul Cézanne, Aristide Maillol, Renoir, Louis Valtat, Pablo Picasso,

Vollard died without direct heirs. Much of the art was left to extended family and close friends, although a significant number of works apparently were sold, dispersed, or disappeared during World War II.

More than 80 years after his death, works from his collection were sold after agreement with the various claimants to his estate. Massive auctions were held by Sotheby's in Paris and London in June 2010.

## References
Cortina d'Ampezzo Olympics

'''Cortina d'Ampezzo Olympics''' can mean:
*1944 Winter Olympics VI Olympic Winter Games (suspended for World War II)
*1956 Winter Olympics IV Olympic Winter Games
Luminescence

and haemoglobin, an example of chemiluminescence]]

**Luminescence** is light emitted by a substance not caused by heat. In contrast, incandescence is light emitted by a substance as a result of heating.

Luminescence can be caused by chemical reactions, electrical energy, subatomic motions, or piezoelectricity (stress on a crystal).   The term 'luminescence' was introduced in 1888 by Eilhard Wiedemann.

The dials, hands, scales and signs of aviation and navigational instruments and markings are often coated with luminescent materials in a process known as 'luminising'.

## Some types of luminescence 
*Chemiluminescence, the making light from a chemical reaction.
**Bioluminescence, emission as a result of biochemical reaction by a living organism
*Fluorescence, emission after higher-energy electromagnetic radiation is applied
*Phosphorescence, same cause, but emission is delayed, lasting sometimes for hours
*Electroluminescence: Light-emitting diodes (LEDs)

## References 
## Related pages 
*Luminous paint
Hajjah Governorate

**Hajjah** ( '''') is a governorate of Yemen. Its capital is Hajjah.

## Districts
*Abs District
*Aflah Al Yaman District
*Aflah Ash Shawm District
*Al Jamimah District
*Al Maghrabah District
*Al Mahabishah District
*Al Miftah District
*Ash Shaghadirah District
*Ash Shahil District
*Aslem District
*Bakil Al Mir District
*Bani Al Awam District
*Bani Qa'is District
*Hajjah District
*Hajjah City District
*Harad District
*Hayran District
*Khayran Al Muharraq District
*Ku'aydinah District
*Kuhlan Affar District
*Kuhlan Ash Sharaf District
*Kushar District
*Mabyan District
*Midi District
*Mustaba District
*Najrah District
*Qafl Shamer District
*Qarah District
*Sharas District
*Wadhrah District
*Washhah District

## References
List of monarchs of Wessex

This is a **list of monarchs of Wessex** until 927. For later monarchs, see the List of English monarchs.  Details for many of the later English monarchs are confirmed by a number of sources. But the earliest kings of Wessex predate many written sources. Wessex was one of the seven kingdoms of the British Heptarchy.  This is a later name given to the seven Anglo-Saxon kingdoms of England during the early Middle Ages. Besides Wessex it included Northumbria, Mercia, East Anglia, Essex, Kent, and Sussex. 

The year 865 saw the arrival of the Great Heathen Army in East Anglia. One by one the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms were defeated by the Danes (Vikings). By the close of the ninth century the last four independent kingdoms of England had been reduced to just one. Wessex was the only remaining kingdom not destroyed by the Vikings. His grandson, Athelstan was the first King of England.

## Monarchs of the West Saxons (Wessex) 
### Cerdicing Dynasty 
* Cerdic (519–534)
*Creoda (534?) Likely disputed 
* Cynric (534–560)
* Ceawlin (560–591)
* Ceol (591–597)
* Ceolwulf (597–611)
* Cynegils (611–643)
* Cwichelm (626–636)
* Cenwalh (643–645)
* Centwine (probable) (645–648)
* Cenwalh (648–672) (restored to the throne)
* Seaxburh (672–674)
* Cenfus (674)
* Aescwine (674–676)
* Centwine (676–685)
* Caedwalla (685–688)
* Ine (688–726)
* Athelheard (726–740) 
* Cuthred (740–756)
* Sigeberht (756–757)
* Cynewulf (757–786)
* Beorhtric (786–802)
* Egbert (802–839)
* Athelwulf (839–858)
* Athelbald (858–860)
* Athelbert (860–865)
* Athelred (865–871)
* Alfred the Great (871–899)
* Edward the Elder (899–924)
* Alfweard (924), son of Edward, ruled for 16 days.
* Athelstan (924–927), after 927 ruled as King of the English.

## Related pages 
* List of English monarchs 
* Wessex monarchs

## Image gallery 

File:Cherdik - John Speed.JPG|
File:Penda of Mercia.jpg|
File:Swilfrid1.jpg| 
File:Egbert - MS Royal 14 B V.jpg|
File:Æthelwulf - MS Royal 14 B V.jpg|
File:Alfred the Great.jpg|
File:Murder of Cenulph - King of Wessex 031.png|

## Notes 
## References
University of Rhode Island

The **University of Rhode Island** (URI) is the main public research university in the U.S. State of Rhode Island. It was established in 1892 as Rhode Island College of Agriculture and Mechanic Arts. The name was changed to Rhode Island State College around 1909, and officially to University of Rhode Island during 1951. URI is in Kingston, Rhode Island.

## History
In 1888 the university was chartered as Rhode Island's agricultural school and became the Rhode Island College of Agriculture and Mechanic Arts in 1892. The first class of 17 students was graduated two years later.

## References
Garmisch-Partenkirchen Olympics

**Garmisch-Partenkirchen Olympics** can mean:
*1936 Winter Olympics IV Olympic Winter Games
*1940 Winter Olympics V Olympic Winter Games (suspended for World War II)
Skye terrier

The **Skye terrier** is a breed of dog. It is medium sized with short legs, a long body, and a large head. It has a long coat of hair that protects the animal from injury and bad weather. It is one of the oldest terrier breeds, and has its origins on the Isle of Skye, Scotland, as well as being an extremely almost unfamiliar type of dog in such media such as Doogal. This dog was bred to destroy the pests around farms and livestock. The Skye became popular in the 19th century because Queen Victoria made it a favorite. The most famous Skye terrier in popular media is Greyfriars Bobby. He stayed beside his master's grave for 14 years, rain or shine. There is a statue and fountain in Edinburgh that remembers him.

## Skye Terriers in popular culture 
* Greyfiars Bobby, who stayed beside his master's grave for 14 years, rain or shine.
* Dougal, the character from the 2005 film The Magic Roundabout, is a Skye Terrier.
* A terrier patron appears in the Looney Tunes short ''Buddy's Pony Express'', although the patron's breed is depicted as a generic hound rather than a Skye Terrier.

## References
*
2012 Lamma Island ferry collision

On 1 October 2012, two ferries collided off Yung Shue Wan, Lamma Island, Hong Kong. Since the day was the National Day of the People's Republic of China, one of the ships was headed for the commemorative firework display.

39 deaths were caused in the accident.

## References
Red Lobster

**Red Lobster** is a casual dining restaurant. The first one opened in March 1969 in Montreal, Quebec. The chain serves seafood, chicken, steak, pasta, flatbread pizzas and cheesecakes. There are 649 Red Lobster restaurants world-wide.

In May 14, 2024, the company announced that it was preparing to file for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection before Memorial Day weekend, planning to change agreements with its landlords and creditors in efforts to get rid of some of its debt. On May 20, 2024, the company filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy after getting over $100 million in financing commitments from its lenders.

## References
Wankel engine

in Munich, Germany]]

The **Wankel engine** is a type of combustion engine. It is sometimes called a **rotary engine**. The Wankel engine is better than an engine of the reciprocating piston design because it is more compact and simple. 
However, so far, nobody has found a good enough solution to the fact that oil (lubricant) has to be burnt along with the fuel. This causes pollution issues, besides wasting oil. This is why most vehicles still use piston engines.

## History 
The Wankel engine was first thought of by German engineer Felix Wankel in 1929. He started working on it in the early 1950s along with German car company NSU. Since, it has been used by various other car companies, but mostly in prototype cars. One exception was Mazda, which made several cars that used Wankel engines, with the most well known one being the Mazda RX-7. As of 2021, there are no cars in production that have Wankel engines.

## Way it works 
The Wankel engine works in a way similar to that of a regular four-stroke engine but instead of a piston going up and down, a triangle-shaped metal rotor revolves around the rod that connects to the wheels. Unfortunately, the way it works causes it to burn oil (lubricant), and this causes emissions to increase, which is why no cars use this kind of engine nowadays.
Ganz (surname)

**Ganz** is a German surname. People with this name include:

*Bruno Ganz (1941–2019), Swiss actor
*Maurizio Ganz (born 1968), Italian footballer
Tokyo Olympics

**Tokyo Olympics** can mean:

* 1940 Summer Olympics, moved to Helsinki first, then canceled due to World War II
* 1964 Summer Olympics, games of the XVIII Olympiad
* 2020 Summer Olympics, games of the XXXII Olympiad
Anthony Di Pietro

**Anthony Di Pietro** (born 15 February 1969) is an Australian businessman who works in Melbourne. He is the former chairman of the Victorian football club Melbourne Victory. He is also the Chief Executive Officer of a national fruit and vegetable produce company, called 'Premier Fresh Australia'.

## References
Voyage of Slaves

***Voyage of Slaves*** is the third novel in Brian Jacques' *Castaways of the Flying Dutchman* series. It was released on September 13, 2006 in the UK and September 14, 2006 in the US.
Greek Orthodox Church

The **Greek Orthodox Church** is a Christian denomination. It is the largest one in Greece and among Greek people worldwide. It is Eastern Orthodox in doctrine. The Church of Greece is the Greek Orthodox church. Its head is the Archbishop of Athens. There are other Greek Orthodox churches in other countries. The Greek Orthodox Church forms the majority in two countries, Greece and Cyprus.

## Related pages
*Greek Orthodox Church of Alexandria

## Other websites
*
*What is the Greek Orthodox Church?
Vitruvius

**Vitruvius** (probably **Marcus Vitruvius Pollio**) was an Ancient Roman architect and engineer who lived in the 1st century BC. Neither his name, *Marcus*, nor his cognomen *Pollio* are certain. His main work is called *De architectura* (About architecture). There are ten books in it. He was probably born between 80 and 70 BC in Campania, and died after 15 BC.
Lightsaber

A **lightsaber** is a weapon used in the fictional *Star Wars* universe. Lightsabers are mostly used by the Jedi and the Sith, and sometimes other factions.

## Description
A lightsaber resembles a sword, but instead of having a blade made out of metal, lightsabers have a plasma laser beam for the blade, powered by an internal power cell contained within the hilt. This beam is very powerful and can cut through almost anything.

A lightsaber's blade can typically be seen as red, blue, or green. The Sith are known to wield red lightsabers, and the Jedi are known for their signature blue and green lightsabers. In some of the Expanded Universe books, there are lightsabers that appear in a variety of other colors as well.

Luke Skywalker is known to wield a green lightsaber. Jedi Master Mace Windu is famous for his purple lightsaber, contrasting the typical colors of Jedi lightsabers.
Biceps

The **biceps**, also called the **biceps brachii**, is a muscle in the arm. It has two parts, a long part and a short part. Using the elbow the muscle helps the movement of the forearm. When the muscle shortens, it bends the elbow and twists the forearm so that the palm faces up. The two parts of the muscle start on different parts of the shoulder blade and end together on the forearm.

The biceps is also a muscle in other quadrupeds. In humans, the muscle is more complex, and allows more complex movement than in other quadrupeds. 

The word biceps literally means two-headed, and refers to the fact that the muscle attaches to two different parts of the shoulder. In quadrupeds, the muscle only attaches at one point of the shoulder. 

## References
Philanthropy

**Philanthropy** is doing something for the public good to improve other people's lives. A person who does that is called a philanthropist. Philanthropy often involves donating money for things that need to be done.

The word *philanthropy* comes from Greek words that mean "love of humanity". Former President of Uruguay, José Mujica donated 90% of his salary to charity. This is an example of philanthropy. 

Today philanthropy is used for public good, focusing on quality of life. People owning big business donates their salary to charities such as Bill Gates, Mark Zuckerberg, Lee Miglin, Chuck Feeney, Mr Beast and Ted Turner. 

## Related pages
*Altruism
*Charitable organization
Japanese occupation of Hong Kong

The **Japanese occupation of Hong Kong** (Chinese: ) was a time when Japan controlled Hong Kong. It began when the Governor of Hong Kong, Sir Mark Young, gave up the British Crown colony of Hong Kong to Empire of Japan on 25 December 1941. The occupation lasted for three years and eight months until Japan gave up at the end of Second World War.

## Economics 
One day after the Japanese occupation of Hong Kong started, the Japanese military yen was changed to the only legal currency of Hong Kong. In January 1942, two Hong Kong dollars could be converted to one Japanese military yen. However, in July, four Hong Kong dollars were needed to be converted to one Japanese military yen.

## Education 
All primary schools and secondary schools had to teach Japanese. They were not allowed to teach English.

## Reference
The Great Redwall Feast

***The Great Redwall Feast*** is a picture book written by Brian Jacques. The pictures were drawn by the well-known Redwall artist Christopher Denise. It was published in 1996.

## Plot introduction
*The Great Redwall Feast* is the first *Redwall* picture book, and it was written like a ballad. The animals of Redwall Abbey prepare a surprise feast for their abbot.

## Plot summary
*The Great Redwall Feast* is a story about the creatures of Redwall preparing for a feast while Matthias the Warriormouse, Constance the Badger guardian, Foremole, and the Abbot are traveling in Mossflower Woods looking for a mysterious Bobbatan Weary Nod. The book shows the Abbeydwellers bustling in Redwall, cooking, gathering flowers, and doing other things for the feast for their beloved Abbot (probably Abbot Mordalfus). Many characters from *Redwall* and *Mattimeo* are in the book, but the baby mole Bungo is the only character in the book that wasn't in any Redwall novel.

## Illustrations and significance
The warm-colored pictures by Christopher Denise were drawn on brown butcher paper using pastels, and instead of showing the Redwallers getting ready for war, it shows them much happier and friendly, at work in their daily lives.

Brian Jacques said that *The Great Redwall Feast* was "written a little more for mothers to read to their children, but many Redwall lovers will also enjoy it, because there is the challenge of solving a riddle before the end of the rhyme."

## Translations
*(German) *Das grofte Festmahl von Redwall*

## References
1945 Empire State Building B-25 crash

The **B-25 Empire State Building crash** was a plane crash that occurred on July 28, 1945. On that date, a B-25 Mitchell plane in heavy fog crashed into the Empire State Building in New York City. It caused 14 deaths (three people in the plane and eleven people in the building). It caused damage of around $1 million.

The plane crashed between the 78th and 80th floors of the building, leaving a 18&nbsp;ft (5.5 m) by 20&nbsp;ft (6.1 m) hole in the building. The fire that was started was put out in 40 minutes. It is the only fire at such a height that has been successfully put out. The building was reopened the Monday after the crash.

## References
## Other websites
*On This Day in Aviation History: July 28th
*Video Footage
Tatooine

s like Tatootine. Previously such planets were not considered possible. But more recent research by NASA shows this to be reality.]]
**Tatooine** is a desert planet in the fictional *Star Wars* universe. Anakin Skywalker was raised on Tatooine, and his son Luke Skywalker grew up there.

Tatooine is a place with lots of criminals (including Jabba the Hutt), and slavery exists on this planet.

## References