open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
List of Oasis band members

This is a **List of Oasis band members**.

## Final lineup
;Liam Gallagher
:Active: 1991–2009
:Instruments: lead vocals, tambourine
:Release contributions: all Oasis releases

;Gem Archer
:Active: 1999–2009
:Instruments: guitar, keyboards, harmonica, bass, backing vocals
:Release contributions: all Oasis releases from *Heathen Chemistry* (2002)

;Andy Bell
:Active: 1999–2009
:Instruments: guitar, bass, keyboards
:Release contributions: all Oasis releases from *Heathen Chemistry* (2002)

;Jay Darlington
:Active: 2002–2009
:Instruments: keyboards, Hammond organ
:Release contributions: *Dig Out Your Soul* (2008) – "Falling Down" only

;Chris Sharrock
:Active: 2008–2009
:Instruments: drums, percussion
:Release contributions: none

## Former members
;Tony McCarroll
:Active: 1991–1995
:Instruments: drums
:Release contributions: *Definitely Maybe* (1994)

;Paul "Bonehead" Arthurs
:Active: 1991–1999
:Instruments: rhythm guitar, piano, mellotron
:Release contributions: *Definitely Maybe* (1994), ''(What's the Story) Morning Glory?* (1995), *Be Here Now* (1997)

;Paul "Guigsy" McGuigan
:Active: 1991–1999
:Instruments: bass
:Release contributions: *Definitely Maybe* (1994), *(What's the Story) Morning Glory?* (1995), *Be Here Now* (1997)

;Noel Gallagher
:Active: 1991–2009
:Instruments: guitar, vocals, keyboards, piano, mellotron, bass, drums, eBow
:Release contributions: all Oasis releases

;Alan White
:Active: 1995–2004
:Instruments: drums, percussion
:Release contributions: *(What's the Story) Morning Glory?* (1995), *Be Here Now* (1997), *Standing on the Shoulder of Giants* (2000), *Heathen Chemistry* (2002)

;**Zak Starkey**
:Active: 2004–2008
:Instruments: drums, percussion
:Release contributions: *Don't Believe the Truth* (2005), *Dig Out Your Soul'' (2008)
Manon

***Manon*** is a French opera in five acts by Jules Massenet, first performed at the Opéra-Comique in Paris, on March 19, 1884, libretto by Henri Meilhac et Philippe Gile, after the Abbé Antoine-François Prévost's ''L'histoire du Chevalier des Grieux et de Manon Lescaut*. An immediate success, it has remained one of the most popular of French operas.

## Principal roles and voice types 
* Manon - soprano
* Chevalier des Grieux - tenor
* Lescaut - baritone
* Comte des Grieux - bass
* Guillot de Morfontaine - tenor
* Monsieur de Brétigny - baritone

## Sources 
* *The Complete Dictionary of Opera & Operetta'', James Anderson, Vikings Books, 1989.
Desensitized (Drowning Pool album)

***Desensitized*** is the second studio album by American alternative metal band Drowning Pool. It was their first album after the death of vocalist Dave Williams as well as the first and only album to feature Jason 'Gong' Jones as vocalist. The album debuted at #17 on the Billboard 200 chart.
Achillobator

***Achillobator*** is a dromaeosaurid theropod dinosaur from the Upper Cretaceous period of what is now Mongolia. It lived about 90 million years ago. 

It was probably an active predator, hunting with the large sickle-shaped claw on the second toe of each foot. It was a large dromaeosaurid: the first and only individual specimen found is estimated at being 5 meters (17 feet) long. The name comes from Achilles, a famous ancient Greek warrior of the Trojan War. It refers to the large Achilles tendon needed to use the sickle claw on the foot, which was the major weapon of dromaeosaurids. The one species is named *A. giganticus* because it is much larger than other dromaeosaurids.
List of songs recorded by Oasis

This is a comprehensive list of songs by English rock band Oasis. Since forming in 1994, the band have released seven studio albums, one live album, two compilation albums, one extended play (EP), thirty singles and five video albums. This list does not contain live versions or remixes released by the band.

## Original songs
## Covers
## Unreleased songs
## Notes

*A **^**  "(It's Good) To Be Free", "Acquiesce", "Fade Away", "Going Nowhere", "Half the World Away", "Headshrinker", "I Am the Walrus", "Listen Up", "Rockin' Chair", "Stay Young", "Talk Tonight", "The Masterplan", "The Swamp Song" and "Underneath the Sky" were later included on *The Masterplan*.
*B **^**  "Bonehead's Bank Holiday" was included on the vinyl edition of ''(What's the Story) Morning Glory?* only.
*C **^**  "Boy with the Blues" was included on the bonus CD of *Dig Out Your Soul*. Was later included on *NCIS: The Official TV Soundtrack''.
*D **^**  "Can Y'See It Now? (I Can See It Now!!)" was included on the Japanese edition of ''Don't Believe the Truth* only.
*E **^**  "Cloudburst" was also included on the Japanese edition of *Definitely Maybe*.
*F **^**  "Eyeball Tickler" was also included on the UK and Canadian iTunes editions of *Don't Believe the Truth*.
*G **^**  "I Believe in All" was included on the bonus CD and Japanese edition of *Dig Out Your Soul'' only.
*H **^**  "Lord Don't Slow Me Down" was later included on the bonus CD of *Dig Out Your Soul*.
*I **^**  "Pass Me Down the Wine" was also included on the US iTunes edition of ''Don't Believe the Truth*.
*J **^**  "Sad Song" was included on the vinyl and Japanese editions of *Definitely Maybe''. Was later included on the DVD version of Definitely Maybe.
*K **^**  "Sittin' Here in Silence (On My Own)" was also included on the Japanese edition of ''Don't Believe the Truth''.
*L **^**  "The Cage" was included as a hidden track after "Better Man".
*M **^**  "You've Got to Hide Your Love Away" was included on the Japanese edition of "Some Might Say" only.
*N **^**  "Originally aired for BBC Radio 2 on 2 June 2007"
Sinner (Drowning Pool album)

***Sinner*** is the first album by the nu metal band Drowning Pool. The album is the band's most popular and reached platinum only six weeks after it came out. This was thought to be because of the song "Bodies", often known as "Let The Bodies Hit The Floor", which remains the band's most well-known song. It was the only album to have the lead singer Dave Williams. While touring in support of *Sinner*, he died on August 14, 2002 from heart failure. The album debuted at #14 on the Billboard 200 chart.
Drowning Pool (album)

***Drowning Pool*** is the fourth studio album by American heavy metal band Drowning Pool. It was released on April 27, 2010 and marks the band's first album not to feature a new singer, as Ryan McCombs remained with Drowning Pool from their 2007 release.

## References
Noel Gallagher

**Noel Thomas David Gallagher** (born 29 May 1967) is a British musician and singer-songwriter. 

Gallagher is lead guitarist and main songwriter for the band Oasis. He left the band in 2009 following an argument with his younger brother and Oasis' frontman Liam. And as announced on August 27th 2024, he will rejoin Oasis for a 2025 live tour. 

In 2011 he released his first solo album ''Noel Gallagher's High Flying Birds''. The band's second album *Chasing Yesterday* was released 2 March 2015.

## References
## Other websites
* 
*
Terror birds

**Terror birds**, the family **Phorusrhacidae**, were large carnivorous flightless birds. They were the dominant predators in South America during the Cainozoic, from 53–0.1 million years ago. They were roughly 1–3 meters (3–10&nbsp;feet) tall. 

*Titanis walleri*, one of the larger species, is known from Texas and Florida in North America. This makes the phorusrhacids the only known example of large South American predators migrating north during the Great American Interchange. This took place after the volcanic Isthmus of Panama land bridge rose about three million years ago.

A recently discovered species is *Kelenken guillermoi* from the middle of the Miocene some 15 million years ago. It was found in Patagonia in 2006. It had the largest bird skull yet found. The fossil has been described as having a  nearly intact skull. The beak is roughly  long and curves in a hook shape that resembles an eagle's beak. Most species described as phorusrhacid were smaller,  tall, but the new fossil belongs to a bird that probably stood about  tall. The large terror birds were nimble and quick runners able to reach speeds of .

Simulations of a terror bird strike produced by the Discovery Channel using a pneumatic model showed the larger species could easily crush the skull of its prey and puncture through bone with its beak. They had a fearsome weapon, a beak which could be driven into prey with the force of a sledgehammer. They could run at speed over long distances. The Phorusrhacids are colloquially known as "terror birds". The larger species were apex predators during the Miocene.

Well-known genera:
**Brontornis*
**Phorusrhacos*
**Titanis*

## References
Renault Grand Prix results

These are the complete Grand Prix racing results for Renault F1 team.
__FORCETOC__
## Complete Formula One results 
### As a works (factory) team 
(key) (results in **bold** indicate pole position)
Jump to: 1980 2002 2010

 Season in progress.

### As an engine supplier 
(key) (results in **bold** indicate pole position)
Jump to: 1990 2001 2010

 Season in progress.
 Point totals and position standings include finishes with non-Renault engines.

### Other engines based on the Renault engine 
Mecachrome was an engineering company. Starting in 1983 they helped Renault build the &nbsp;turbocharged engines supplied to other race teams. Starting in 1992 they help Renault build the V10 engines to supply the Ligier team. This changed to Benetton and Williams in 1995. After 1997, Renault sold its engine to Mecachrome.

Mecachrome signed a contract in May 1998 with Super Performance Competition Engineering. They would supply engines and call them Supertec engines.

(key) (results in **bold** indicate pole position)

 Half points awarded as less than 75% of race distance was completed.

## References
American Library Association

The **American Library Association** (**ALA**) is an organization which does not receive money. It is in the United States. It helps libraries and library education all over the world. It is the oldest and largest library association in the world. It has more than 62,000 members.
Justin Winsor, Charles Ammi Cutter, Samuel Swett Green, James L. Whitney, Melvil Dewey, Fred B. Perkins and Thomas W. Bicknell began the organization in 1876. It began in Philadelphia, but its head office is in Chicago now. Anybody can join, but most of its members are librarians. Most members live and work in the United States. Members from other countries make up about 3.5% of the members.

## References 
## Other websites 
* 
*American Library Association
*ALA Freedom to Read Statement 
*ALA Intellectual Freedom Q&A 
*ALA's "Resolution on the USA Patriot (sic) Act and Related Measures that Infringe on the Rights of Library Users" 
About Charles Ammi Cutter
B.o.B

**Bobby Ray Simmons Jr.** (born November 15, 1988 in Winston-Salem, North Carolina) is an American rapper and record producer, known professionally **B.o.B**. In 2006, B.o.B was signed to Jim Jonsin's label Rebel Rock Entertainment.

## Studio albums 
B.o.B has released 3 studio albums:

## References
## Other websites
* B.o.B's Official website
Pontiac Firebird

The **Pontiac Firebird** was a car built by the Pontiac division of General Motors from 1967 to 2002 and they made four generations of it. The Firebird was succeeded by the Pontiac GTO. 

## Other websites
* Pontiac Firebird heritage at Pontiac.com
Craig Newmark

**Craig Alexander Newmark** (born December 6, 1952 in Morristown, New Jersey) is the founder of Craigslist. He currently lives in San Francisco.

Newmark is Jewish, which he mentioned in a interview.

Newmark achieved a Bachelor of Science degree in 1975 and a Master of Science degree in 1977 while attending Case Western Reserve University.

## References
Dromornis

***Dromornis*** is a genus of fossil flightless birds. It lived in Australia from the late Miocene to the early Pliocene. This means early humans never met this animal. 

*Dromornis* had a huge beak and jaw capable of great force. It did not have the typical beak and claws of a carnivore, and its life style is not certain. Though they looked like giant emus, the *Dromornis* are more closely related to geese. 

*Dromornis stirtoni* was three metres (10&nbsp;feet) tall and weighed up to half a ton (500 kilos). It inhabited subtropical open woodland in Australia during the late Miocene. It may have been partly carnivorous. It was heavier than the  Moa and taller than *Aepyornis*. 

*D. stirtoni* had a long neck and stub-like wings, so it was flightless. Its legs were powerful, but it was not a fast runner. The bird's beak was large and immensely powerful, leading early researchers to believe that it was used to shear through tough plant stalks. However, others have argued that the size of the beak suggests that the bird was a carnivore. There were forests and a permanent water supply where the *Dromornis* birds lived, although the climate was unpredictable.

*Dromornis* are part of a family of giant birds called Dromornithidae that lived from 15 million years ago until less than 30,000 years ago. Australasia had started to separate from other continents as Gondwana started to break up in the Mesozoic era. 

Australia's last connection with Antarctica broke about 40 million years ago. Since then the animals of Australasia (Australia and New Guinea) evolved slowly in almost complete isolation from the animals of other continents, except for the occasional immigrant species from Asia. 

## Large birds 
*Elephant birds
***Aepyornis*
*Moa
***Dinornis*
*Terror birds
***Phorusrhacos*
***Brontornis*
**Gastornis* (*Diatryma*)

## References
Lead(II) oxide

**Lead(II) oxide**, also known as **plumbous oxide** and **litharge**, is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is PbO. It has lead in the +2 oxidation state. It also contains oxide ions.

## Properties
It is a yellow or red solid. When it is heated with charcoal it makes liquid lead metal. It is a crystalline solid. It is highly toxic since it has lead in it. It reacts with acids to make other lead(II) salts and bases to make plumbites.

## Preparation
It can be made by heating lead strongly in air. It can be also made by heating lead carbonate or lead nitrate.

## Uses
It is made when lead is taken from its ores. The lead sulfide in galena is changed to lead(II) oxide, which is heated with charcoal to make liquid lead. It is used to make lead glass. It used to be used in lead paint.

## Related pages
*Lead(II) chloride
*Lead(IV) oxide
*Lead(II,IV) oxide
Justin Gabriel

**Phillip Paul Lloyd** (born March 3, 1981) is a South African professional wrestler. He is best known for his time in World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE) where he wrestled under the ring name **Justin Gabriel**. He is currently wrestling for Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA) and Global Force Wrestling (GFW) under the ring name **PJ Black**.

Lloyd was the first South African wrestler to compete in the WWE. While performing in Florida Championship Wrestling (FCW), he was a one-time FCW Florida Heavyweight Champion and a one-time FCW Florida Tag Team Champion with Kris Logan. He is a former member of The Nexus and The Corre. His finishing move is the 450° splash.

Gabriel had his last televised WWE match on the January 14, 2015 episode of *Main Event* in a loss to Rusev. On January 24, 2015, it was reported by the Wrestling Observer Newsletter that Gabriel had quit WWE, which was a day before the 2015 Royal Rumble which he was scheduled to appear in before he was replaced in the match. The next day, WWE confirmed his release.

On May 6, 2015, Global Force Wrestling (GFW) announced that they had added PJ Black to their roster.

On August 12, Black was a part of an angle, where GFW invaded Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA). He would go on to defeat Lashley, Chris Mordetzky, Eric Young and Robbie E in a King of the Mountain match and win the vacant TNA King of the Mountain Championship. On August 19, Black faced off against EC3 for the TNA World Heavyweight Championship.

## References
## Other websites
*GFW profile 
*
Yoshihiro Tajiri

**Yoshihiro Tajiri** (born September 29, 1970 in Tamana, Kumamoto, Japan) is a Japanese professional wrestler who is best known for wrestling with WWF/E and Extreme Championship Wrestling (ECW). Tajiri is currently wrestling on the independent circuit under SMASH.

## Championships
Tajiri has won many belts with different wrestling promotions:

***Big Japan Pro Wrestling**
**BJW Junior Heavyweight Championship - (one time)
**BJW Tag Team Championship - (two times) with Ryuji Yamakaw
***Combat Zone Wrestling**
**CZW World Heavyweight Championship (one time)
***Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre**
**CMLL World Light Heavyweight Championship (one time)
***Extreme Championship Wrestling**
**ECW World Tag Team Championship (one time) with Mikey Whipwreck
**ECW World Television Championship (one time)
***Fight Club Finland**
**FCF Finnish Heavyweight Championship (one time)
***International Wrestling Association**
**IWA Hardcore Championship (one time)
***Pro Wrestling Illustrated**
**PWI ranked him #23 of the 500 best singles wrestlers of the PWI 500 in 2002
***Tokyo Sports Grand Prix**
**Special Award (2001)
***World Wrestling Federation / World Wrestling Entertainment**
**World Tag Team Championship (one time) with William Regal
**WCW Cruiserweight Championship (one time)
**WCW United States Championship (one time)
**WWE Tag Team Championship (one time) with Eddie Guerrero
**WWF/E Cruiserweight Championship (one time)
**WWF Light Heavyweight Championship (one time)

## Other websites
*Tajiri's Official website 
*
Lead(II,IV) oxide

**Lead(II,IV) oxide**, also known as **lead tetroxide**, **minium**, **red lead**, or **triplumbic tetroxide**, is a chemical compound. It contains some lead atoms in the +2 oxidation state and some in the +4 oxidation state. It is used in batteries, paints, and glass. It dissolves in acids. It is made by heating lead(II) oxide in air. It is toxic because it contains lead.

Its formula is Pb3O4. It is commonly said "Sandur".

## Related pages
*Lead(IV) oxide
*Lead(II) oxide
*Lead oxide
Bouldering

**Bouldering** is a type of rock climbing. Bouldering comes without gear, belayer, and associated distractions. As such, it allows a climber to focus completely on the terrain and their movement. It is climbing heights at which the climber does not usually suffer serious injuries in case of a drop. To protect from injuries there are usually special bouldering mats underneath the climber. It is usually practiced on large natural boulders and in climbing gyms.

## Bouldering basics
Boulder routes are called "problems", because this style is like solving climbing-problems. The height of boulder problems is rarely higher than . Otherwise the risk of injuries is too high. Often other climbers, who stand on the ground, spot the climbers to protect them from hitting the ground with the head or the spine.

## Equipment
The equipment used by boulderers is not much. They use special climbing shoes, a bouldering mat, some brushes to clean the grips and sports tape.

## History
Bouldering was invented in the late 19th century. It has been first documented in France, England and Switzerland. It has been practiced for a long time but in the 1930s and 1940s it was practiced for its own sake in Fontainebleau in France.

Today many rock climbers are specialized boulderers and it is their favourite style of climbing.

## References
Monster Energy

**Monster Energy** is the name of a brand of energy drinks manufactured by Hansen Natural and distributed by Anheuser-Busch (United States), PepsiCo Canada (Canada), Pepsi (Germany), Grupo Jumex (Mexico) and Schweppes (Australia).

In 2020, Monster Energy had a market share of 39% in the energy drink industry. This is the second-largest after Red Bull.

Monster Energy has sponsored many sporting events like the X Games and pays many sportspeople to wear their logo by *And1*.

Monster Energy has 260 calories in

Dududhdd a can.

## References
## Other websites
*Official website
*Official Canadian website. .
Peter Rabbit

**Peter Rabbit** is a fictional animal character in many children's stories by Beatrix Potter. Peter was different from the traditional hero of that time. He is small, emotional, easily scared, and a not very wise animal. He first came out in *The Tale of Peter Rabbit* in 1902. After that, he came out in five more books between 1904 and 1912. Potter made a soft doll shaped like Peter Rabbit, and soon dishes and wallpaper showed pictures of him. He appears as a character in the 1971 ballet movie, *The Tales of Beatrix Potter* and in the BBC series *The World of Peter Rabbit and Friends*. He was inspired by Potter's pet rabbit, Peter Piper. In stories, he wears human clothes and walks standing up. His mother is Mrs. Josephine Rabbit, and he has three sisters, Flopsy, Mopsy, and Cotton-tail. His popularity made Potter say in 1917, "All rabbits *are* called Peter now" – but she added "either Peter or Brer Rabbit."

In 2018, a live-action animated movie was released with James Corden voicing Peter Rabbit.

## References 
## Further reading 
* Mackey, Margaret (2002), Beatrix Potter's Peter Rabbit: A Children's Classic at 100, Lanham, MD: The Scarecrow Press, Inc., ISBN  0810-84197-5
* 
*
1979 (song)

"**1979**" is a song by the American alternative rock band The Smashing Pumpkins.  It was released as the second single from their third studio album, *Mellon Collie and the Infinite Sadness*.  "1979" was written by frontman Billy Corgan, and features loops and samples that were not like previous Smashing Pumpkins songs. The song was popular with critics and fans; Allmusic's Amy Hanson called it a "somewhat surprising hit". The song was nominated for the Record of the Year and Best Rock Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocal at the Grammy Awards.  They won an MTV Video Music Award for Best Alternative Video.
## Chart positions
|}

 	 

## References
Future of the Earth

phase, seven billion years from now.]]

The **future of the Earth** will depend on many things, including increases in the brightness of the Sun, loss of heat energy from the Earth's core and change of the planet's orbit by the other things in the Solar System. The Milankovitch theory says the planet will continue to go into glaciation cycles because of the planet's difference in orbit from a perfect circle, the axis of the planet tilting, and pushing of the Earth's orbit. As part of the supercontinent cycle, plate tectonics may create a supercontinent within 250 million–350 million years. Some time in the next 1.5 billion–4.5 billion years, the axis's tilt may begin to change into bad versions, with changes in the axis's tilt of up to 90°.

One billion to two billion years in the future, the increase in solar radiation caused by the helium build-up at the core of the Sun will result in the loss of the oceans and the cessation of continental drift. Four billion years from now, the increase in the Earth's surface temperature will cause a bad greenhouse effect. By that point, most if not all the life on the Earth will be gone. The most likely fate of the planet is being destroyed by the Sun in about 7.5&nbsp;billion years, after the star has entered the red giant phase and expanded to cross the planet's orbit.

## Human influence
Humans now play a top role in the biosphere, with the large amount of people in many of Earth's ecosystems. This has caused a widespread, ongoing extinction of other species known as the Holocene extinction. The Holocene extinction event is the result of habitat destruction, the large distribution of invasive species, hunting and climate change.

## Solar evolution
The energy generation of the Sun is based upon changing of hydrogen into helium. This occurs in the core region of the star.

When the Sun first became a main sequence star, it radiated only 70% of the current luminosity. The luminosity has increased in a nearly linear fashion to the present, increasing by 1% every 110 million years. In three billion years the Sun is expected to be 33% more luminous. The hydrogen fuel at the core will finally be limited in 4.8 billion years, when the Sun will be 67% more luminous than at present. Thereafter the Sun will continue to burn hydrogen in a shell surrounding its core, until the increase in luminosity reaches 121% of the present value. This marks the end of the Sun's main sequence lifetime, and thereafter it will be into a red giant.

## Related pages
* Habitable zone
* Planetary habitability
* Risks to civilization, humans and planet Earth
* Stability of the Solar System

## References
## Other websites 
*
TLC: Tables, Ladders & Chairs (2009)

**TLC: Tables, Ladders & Chairs (2009)** was a professional wrestling pay-per-view show made by World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE), that took place on December 13, 2009 at the AT&T Center in San Antonio, Texas. It was the first TLC: Tables, Ladders & Chairs event held by the WWE and was created to replace the Armageddon in the December slot of WWE's pay-per-view calendar.

## Results
## Other websites
SummerSlam (2010)

**SummerSlam (2010)** was a professional wrestling pay-per-view show made by World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE). It took place on August 15, 2010 at the Staples Center in Los Angeles, California. It was the 23rd SummerSlam event held by WWE. There were 6 matches on the card. The main event saw the surprise return of Daniel Bryan, who joined team WWE to fight his former stable The Nexus.

## Results
;7-on-7 Elimination Tag Team Match

## References
Dig a Pony

"**Dig a Pony**" is a song by The Beatles.

## Composition
John Lennon was the song's composer and singer but the song was credited to Lennon/McCartney. It was originally called "All I Want Is You". Lennon would later comment that he thought the song was "a piece of garbage," though he has shown similar scorn for many of his songs. It was written for his soon-to-be wife Yoko Ono, and featured a multitude of strange, seemingly nonsense phrases which were strung together, culminating in the chorus "All I want is you", aimed at Yoko.

The song was one of the songs on *Let It Be* that was recorded at the rooftop concert. It begins with a false start, with Ringo Starr yelling "hold it!" to halt the other band members because he was holding a cigarette and had only one drum stick in his hand.

## Personnel
*John Lennon – lead vocal, rhythm guitar
*Paul McCartney – backing vocal, bass
*George Harrison – backing vocal, lead guitar
*Ringo Starr – drums

## Notes
Peugeot 407

The **Peugeot 407** is a mid-size car produced by the French automaker Peugeot between 2004 and 2011. Designed to succeed the Peugeot 406, the 407 was a part of Peugeot's strategy to compete in the D-segment, with rivals such as the Ford Mondeo, Volkswagen Passat, and Renault Laguna. The 407 was offered in several body styles, including a 4-door sedan, a 2-door coupe, and a station wagon (SW), The 407 was facelifted in 2008 and remained in production until it was replaced by the Peugeot 508 in 2011,

## Engines 
### Petrol 
* *1.8 16V* 85 kW (115 hp) and 92 kW (125 hp)
* *2.0 16V* 100 kW (136 hp) and 103 kW (140 hp)
* *2.2 16V* 116 kW (158 hp) and 120 kW (163 hp)
* *3.0 V6* 155 kW (211 hp)

### Diesel 
* *1.6 HDi* 80 kW (109 hp)
* *2.0 HDi* 100 kW (136 hp), 103 kW (140 hp) and 120 kW (163 hp)
* *2.2 HDi* 125 kW (170 hp)
* *2.7 HDi* 150 kW (204 hp)
* *3.0 HDi* 177 kW (241 hp)
Not Afraid

"**Not Afraid**" is a 2010 hip hop song by the American rapper Eminem, and is the first single from his seventh studio album *Recovery*, which was released in April 27, 2010. The song was written by Eminem, Boi-1da, Luis Resto, J. Evans and M. Burnett.

The song is about how Eminem tried to overcome the troubles in his life from the past few years and mainly his drug addiction and rehabilitation.
Recovery

***Recovery*** is the seventh studio album by American rapper Eminem. It was released on June 18, 2010 by Aftermath Entertainment and Shady Records. The album got very good sales and reviews. Four singles were released from the album: "Not Afraid", "Love the Way You Lie", "No Love", and "Space Bound". It won the 2011 Grammy Award for Best Rap Album.

## Track listing 
## References
Love the Way You Lie

"**Love the Way You Lie**" is a 2010 hip hop song by the American rapper Eminem and featured Barbadian singer Rihanna, and is the second single from his seventh studio album *Recovery*, which was released in 2010. The song was written by Eminem, A. Grant, H. Hafferman, M. Riddick.

H. Hafferman is Holly Brook Hafermann who now writes and records as Skylar Grey.

The song's music video stars Megan Fox and Dominic Monaghan as a couple in a violent abusive love-hate relationship.
Joan Sutherland

**Dame Joan Alston Sutherland** OM AC DBE (7 November 1926 – 10 October 2010) was an Australian operatic soprano, particularly associated with bel canto repertory and French operas. She possessed a voice of great beauty and considerable power combined with extraordinary agility and a brilliant upper register. She was called *La Stupenda* by the Italian press, which means *The Stupendous One*.

## Life and career
Born in Sydney, Australia, she studied first with her mother and later with John and Aida Dickens. After a few public appearances, notably in Henry Purcell's *Dido and Aenas* and Eugene Goossens' *Judith*, she left for London, England in 1951 to continue her vocal studies with Clive Carey.

She was hired by the Royal Opera House as a utility soprano, making her debut in 1952, as the First Lady in Mozart's *The Magic Flute*. She went on singing a wide variety of roles such as Amelia (*Un ballo in maschera*), Aida (*Aida*), Agathe (*Der Freischutz*) and Eva (*Die Meistersinger von Nurnberg*), and also created the role of Jennifer in Michael Tippett's *The Midsummer Marriage* in 1955.

She met and married fellow countryman and accompanist Richard Bonynge in 1954, who recognized her potential for the bel canto repertoire and guided her in that direction. This led to her appearance in Donizetti's *Emilia di Liverpool* and Handel's *Alcina* in 1957, and eventually the title role in *Lucia di Lammermoor* at the Royal Opera House in 1959, which proved a sensational success and launched her international career.

She was rapidly invited to appear at most of the great opera houses of the world (Milan, Paris, New York, etc.) to great acclaim. Some of her most famous roles include; Rossini's *Semiramide*, Bellini's *La sonnambula*, *Norma*, *Beatrice di Tenda*, *I puritani*, Donizetti's *Lucrezia Borgia*, *Maria Stuarda*, Verdi's *La traviata*, amongst many others. She also resurrected some long neglected works like Massenet's *Le Roi de Lahore* and *Esclarmonde*.

Sutherland retired from the stage in 1990. She was made a Dame of the British Empire (DBE) in 1978. She died of cardiopulmonary failure at her home near Montreux, Switzerland, at the age of 83. She was buried at the nearby cemetery of Clarens.

## References
* *The New Everyman Dictionary of Music*, Eric Blom, revised by David Cummings, D.M. Dent & Sons Limited, 1988.
Two of Us (song)

"**Two of Us**" is a song by The Beatles. It was written by Paul McCartney, but it is credited to Lennon/McCartney. Lennon and McCartney sang the song as a duet. It was written for Linda Eastman, McCartney's soon to be wife. It sometimes sounds like it is addressing Lennon, whose relationship with McCartney was tense at that time.

## Production
### Intro
At the beginning of the recording Lennon says, "'I Dig a Pygmy', by Charles Hawtrey and the Deaf Aids... Phase One, in which Doris gets her oats!" The joke was mixed in by Phil Spector for the *Let It Be* album and also appeared in the *Let It Be* film, both released in 1970. "I Dig a Pygmy" is an obvious reference to Lennon's song "Dig a Pony" that follows in the album's track order. "The deaf aids" &ndash; a British term for hearing aids at the time &ndash; was also the nickname given to the Beatles' Vox amplifiers.

### Composition
"Two of Us" was originally a hard rock song. In the *Let It Be* film, McCartney and Lennon sing the song "rocker" style into the same microphone. McCartney had never been satisfied with this style, which he said was "chunky." And so on 24 January, he and the band reworked it. Lennon had ideas about how the song might sound if Stevie Wonder performed it, and just before revisiting the song, the band had run through the Everly Brothers hit "Cathy's Clown". With these influences and a move from electric guitar to acoustic, the song transformed into the gentler, stripped-down version that fans know today. The Beatles performed a finished version of the song live at Apple Studios on 31 January 1969; this performance was included in both the *Let it Be* film and album.

The song was originally titled "On Our Way Home". In May 1969, McCartney produced a recording of the song using this title by the group Mortimer, a New York City trio that briefly recorded for Apple, but this recording was never released.

## Writing credit
In his 1980 interview with *Playboy*, when asked who wrote the song, Lennon said "mine", but he may have been distracted at the time by a previous question about "Don't Let Me Down."

:**Playboy**: "Don't Let Me Down"?
:**Lennon**: That's me, singing about Yoko.
:**Playboy**: "Two of Us"?
:**Lennon**: Mine. By the way, Rod Stewart turned "Don't Let Me Down" into [sings] 'Maggie don't go-o-o.' That's one the publishers never noticed...

In fact, in his 1972 interview with the Hit Parader, Lennon said that Two of Us was written by McCartney.

## Personnel
*John Lennon – harmony vocal, acoustic guitar, and whistling.
*Paul McCartney – lead vocal, acoustic guitar and whistling.
*George Harrison – bass-line (played on electric guitar).
*Ringo Starr – drums

## Notes
## Other websites
* 
* 
* 
*
Chicken Huntin'

"**Chicken Huntin**'" is a 1995 midwest hip hop song by the American Horrorcore band Insane Clown Posse and is the first single from their third studio album *Riddle Box*, which was released in 1995. The song was produced by Insane Clown Posse and Mike Clark.

The song is about meeting and killing multiple racist rednecks, who the band referred to as 'Chickens'.
Halls of Illusions

"**Halls of Illusions**" is a 1997 midwest hip hop song by the American horrorcore band Insane Clown Posse. It is the first single from their fourth studio album *The Great Milenko* (1997). The song was produced by Insane Clown Posse and Mike Clark. It featured Slash on guitar.

The song is about the band's hatred towards child abuse and domestic violence.
The song has swearing but is loved by many Juggalos.
Little ground squirrel

The **little ground squirrel** (*Spermophilus pygmaeus*) is a species of rodent in the Sciuridae family. It is found in Georgia, Kazakhstan, Russia, Ukraine, and Uzbekistan. 

The Caucasian mountain ground squirrel, *Spermophilus musicus*, was previously a subspecies, but is now a separate species.

This species is diurnal and lives in grassland, uncultivated ground, field edges and roadside verges. It avoids areas with dense long vegetation. It lives in colonies and builds burrows. It makes permanent burrows for hibernation and reproduction and temporary burrows for shelter. Before hibernation, all exits from the burrow are plugged by soil. In March or April the entrances are opened, the burrows cleaned and new construction starts. It uses mounds on the surface as look-out points.

## References
Time Flies... 1994–2009

***Time Flies... 1994–2009*** is a compilation album released by the rock band Oasis.  The album contains all 27 UK singles released by the band between 1994 and 2009.  The record features the songs "Whatever" and "Lord Don't Slow Me Down" which had previously never appeared on an Oasis album.  "Sunday Morning Call" is not listed anywhere on the artwork but appears as a hidden track on Disc 2, track 13.  The reason for this is not known.

Five different versions of the album were released.  They are the 2CD version, DVD, the Deluxe Box Set, 5LP Box Set and the iTunes Deluxe Edition.
In Japan it entered the charts at number 2 with sales of 59,348 copies.  The album entered the charts at number 1 in the UK with the second highest first week sales in 2010 to date with 101,297.

A boxset featuring postcards of the sleeves of every UK Oasis single was released concurrently with the album.

## Track listing
### Disc 1 and 2
* "Champagne Supernova" is listed first track on Disc 2 of United States version.The US version does not contain "Sunday Morning Call" as a hidden track due to time limitations.

### Disc 3: DVD
The DVD includes all the music videos from "Supersonic" to "Falling Down", and in addition, previous unreleased live video versions of "Gas Panic!", and "Little by Little". Also includes commentary on music videos by Oasis members. 
Two iTunes Live Festival videos of "Half the World Away" and "Slide Away" are only available with the iTunes Deluxe Edition.

### Disc 4: *iTunes Live: London Festival*
All tracks recorded live at the London Roundhouse from the iTunes Festival 2009. Tracks 1, 7, 12 and 20 are only available with the iTunes Deluxe Edition.* = released as part of the *iTunes Festival 2009* EP.

## Release history
## Charts
## References
*
*
*
*official oasis recordstore webstore,8 June 2010
*http://itunes.apple.com/gb/preorder/time-flies-1994-2009-deluxe/id374345103
Han Seung-yeon

**Han Seung-yeon** (; born on July 24, 1988, in Seoul) is a South Korean singer, known for being a member of girl group Kara, formed by DSP Entertainment in 2007.

## Biography
Han Seung-yeon was born on July 24, 1988, in Seoul, South Korea. She left Korea to study at Tenafly High School in the United States. However, she left high school mid-course in order to pursue a singing career. After returning to Korea, she debuted as a singer on March 29, 2007, as a member of Kara along with Park Gyu-ri, Nicole and Kim Sunghee.

She passed a high-school level qualification examination, the College Scholastic Ability Test, and was accepted by the Kyung Hee University, majoring in department of Theater and Film. In February 2009, Kara released their second mini-album "Honey". "Honey" became the group's first #1 single when it was at the top of the *M! Countdown* and The Music Trend.

In late July 2009, Kara revealed their second album named "Revolution". Due to the popularity of the song, Wanna and Mister, Kara's overall popularity increased. Kara started their promotions in the beginning of 2010 with their third mini-album which eventually was at the top of the Various music shows like "M! Countdown","Music Bank" etc. It was at the top of Music Bank for a consecutive 6 weeks. "Lupin".

### Solo
Han Seungyeon debuted as a child actress in a cameo role in *Star in My Heart*.

Due to Kara's debut album "The First Blooming" being relatively unsuccessful, Seungyeon went on to participate in many variety shows from 2007 to early 2009 in order to keep Kara recognizable to the public. She was the VJ for *MSL Break* from 2007 to 2008. She replaced Tiffany of Girls' Generation as co-host of *Sonyeo Sonyeon Gayo Baekso* (Boys and Girls Music Guide) with Kim Hyesung and later with actor Kim Soohyeon. Their segment ended on May 8, 2009.   
    
From October to December 2008, she was part of the cast of MBC reality show *Family Needed*, where a group of celebrities would live life as a family, consisting of a father, mother, son and daughter. She also became part of MBC's entertainment news show *Section TV* as a "pop columnist", debuting on November 21, 2008. She also made a guest appearance on rapper Nassun's single "Nolleowa" (, "*Come to Play*"), which was released in March 2009, and appeared on the soundtrack for the movie *Welcome to my House*, releasing her first solo song "Gijeok" (, "*Miracle*").   
    
She became part of the "Dream Team Girl Group" for Samsung's Anycall called "4 Tomorrow". Their first digital single "Dugeunduguen Tomorrow" (, "*BeatBeat Tomorrow*") was released on October 6, 2009, and the official music video was released on October 12, starring actor Lee Dong Gun, who will also star in each member's individual drama version of the video. Seungyeon's version was released on October 26, 2009.

## Discography 
### Singles 
*"Nolleowa" - Nassun (Feat. Han Seungyeon) (2009) 
*"Gijeok" - Han Seungyeon (Soundtrack for *Welcome to my House*) (2009)
*"Dugeunduguen Tomorrow" - 4 Tomorrow (Feat. Han Seungyeon) (2009)

## Filmography 
## References
## Other websites 
* Kara's official website 
*  Official Cyworld page
Maria Callas

**Maria Callas** (December 3, 1923 – September 16, 1977) was a Greek soprano. She was one of the most famous and most controversial opera singers of the 20th century. She had a very distinctive voice of great range, power and agility enabling her to sing a wide variety of roles and was a singer-actress of great dramatic intensity. She was dubbed *La Divina* (*The Divine One*) by her admirers. She was mainly associated with the Italian repertoire, particularly Bellini's *Norma*, Donizetti's *Lucia di Lammermoor*, Verdi's *La traviata* and Puccini's *Tosca*.

## Life and career
Maria was born **Maria Kalogeroupoulou** at Terence Cardinal Cooke Health Care Center in New York City, to Greek parents, she returned to Greece in 1937, with her mother and older sister. There, she studied singing with Elvira de Hidalgo, and made her debut while still a teenager with the Athens Opera in 1941.

During a short return to America to visit her father in 1945, she auditioned at the Metropolitan Opera without success. Her first major break came with her Italian debut in Verona in 1947, as *La Gioconda*. There, she met conductor Tullio Serafin who became her mentor and guided her towards the bel canto repertoire. She sang her first *Norma* in Florence in 1948, and the following year, as a last minute replacement, she appeared as Elvira in Bellini's *I puritani* in Venice, which was to be her first great success. 

In 1949, she married industrialist Giovanni Battista Meneghini who became her manager. She was sometimes known as Maria Meneghini Callas after her marriage.   

Shortly after, she made her debut at La Scala in Milan, where the major part of her career and greatest triumphs were to take place. In collaboration with conductors like Carlo Maria Giulini, Leonard Bernstein, Gianandrea Gavazzeni, and directors like Franco Zeffirelli and Luchino Visconti, lavish productions of works such as Cherubini's *Medea*, Spontini's *La Vestale*, Bellini's *La sonnambula* and *Norma*, Donizetti's *Anna Bolena* and *Poliuto*, Verdi's *La traviata* and *Un ballo in maschera*, were made especially for her to great acclaim. 

She also made guest appearances at the Royal Opera House in London, the Berlin State Opera, the Paris Opéra, the Lyric Chicago Opera, the Dallas Opera and  the Metropolitan Opera in New York City. 

In 1958, she met Greek shipping magnate Aristotle Onassis which led to her divorce from Meneghini, and slowly began to withdraw from the stage. Her final appearance was in *Tosca* in London in 1965. She made a last world concert tour in 1973–74 with her often partner tenor Giuseppe Di Stefano, but by then her voice was almost gone. 

Callas died of a heart attack in Paris, France, at the age of 53.

## Reference
* *The Complete Dictionary of Opera & Operetta*, James Anderson, Wings Books, 1993.
* Broadcast  auditions (2) “Maria Callas” (cycle “From collection of the rare recordings” by Maxim Malkov – in Russian).
Nicktoons Nitro

***Nicktoons Nitro*** is a video game which is a sequel to *Nicktoons Racing* and *Nicktoons Winners Cup Racing*. It features characters from the TV shows: *SpongeBob SquarePants*, *Danny Phantom*, *The Adventures of Jimmy Neutron: Boy Genius*, *The Fairly OddParents*, *Invader Zim*, *Avatar: The Last Airbender*, The game was released in August 2008 as an arcade game by developer Raw Thrills.

## References
## Other websites
*Raw Thrills - Nicktoons Nitro 
*News Article
Lead carbonate

**Lead carbonate** is a compound composed of lead and carbonate ions. It contains lead in the +2 oxidation state. It is made by mixing lead(II) acetate and carbon dioxide. It does not dissolve in water. It is poisonous because it has lead in it. It produces lead(II) oxide when heated.

## Related pages
*Lead(IV) oxide
*Lead nitrate
*Lead
Full Circle (Drowning Pool album)

***Full Circle*** is the third album from hard rock band Drowning Pool. It is their first release with former Soil singer Ryan McCombs, who joined the band after the departure of Jason 'Gong' Jones in 2005.  It was released on August 7, 2007. This album has more of a post-grunge sound compared to the last two releases by the band and is less heavy as well. The first single off the album, "Soldiers," is dedicated to all the men and women of the United States Army.
Lead(II) acetate

**Lead(II) acetate** is a chemical compound composed of lead and acetate ions. It contains lead in the +2 oxidation state. It is also known as **sugar of lead**, **salt of Saturn**, and '''Goulard's powder'''. It is used to make other lead compounds. It dissolves in water, although most lead compounds do not. Lead nitrate does though. It is used in cosmetics and testing for hydrogen sulfide. It is toxic because it contains lead.

## Related pages
*Lead(II) nitrate
*Lead carbonate
*Lead(II) oxide
Volkswagen Caddy

The **Volkswagen Caddy** is a van produced by Volkswagen in four generations since 1979.

## First generation (1979–1996) 
The first generation Caddy was built from 1979 until 1996. It was based on the Volkswagen Golf Mk1.

In North America, Volkswagen launched the **Volkswagen Rabbit Pickup**, and a pickup truck based on the Škoda Felicia. It is based on the Volkswagen Golf Mk5.

In 2004, Volkswagen launched a leisure vehicle called the **Caddy Life**.

In 2010 and 2015, The van version is also called **Caddy Cargo** and **Caddy Commerce** and the leisure vehicle is called the **Caddy Life.**. It is based on the Volkswagen Golf Mk8.

File:Volkswagen Caddy V IMG 3833.jpg|Volkswagen Caddy Cargo
File:Volkswagen Caddy V IMG 3980.jpg|Volkswagen Caddy Cargo rear
File:2021 Volkswagen Caddy C20 Commerce Pro TD 2.0 Front.jpg|Volkswagen Caddy Commerce Pro 
File:2021 Volkswagen Caddy C20 Commerce Pro TD 2.0 Rear.jpg|Volkswagen Caddy Commerce Pro rear
File:Volkswagen Caddy V IMG 4136.jpg|Volkswagen Caddy
File:Volkswagen Caddy V IMG 4314.jpg|Volkswagen Caddy

### Ford Tourneo Connect
In 2021, the Ford Tourneo Connect was launched, it is a Volkswagen Caddy Life with a different badge and different interior.

File:Ford Tourneo Connect Active (3rd generation) Leonberg 2022 1X7A0445.jpg|2023 Ford Tourneo Connect
File:Ford Tourneo Connect Active (3rd generation) Leonberg 2022 1X7A0447.jpg|2023 Ford Tourneo Connect

## Notes
## References
## Other websites
Acetate

**Acetate**, also known as **ethanoate**, is the salt or ester of acetic acid (vinegar). It is also an ion of acetic acid. It is formed when acetic acid dissolves in water (which splits into an acetate anion and a hydron). The chemical formula is  (also written as  or ) when it exists as an ion. Acetate salts turn brown when heated, and smell like acetic acid.

## Acetate esters
Acetate esters have the chemical formula  (where R is an organic group like an alkyl or aryl group). It is made when acetic acid reacts with an alcohol to make an acetic ester and water.

The reaction between acetic acid and ethanol gives ethyl acetate and water:

 + CH3OH ⇌  + H2O

## Acetate salts
Acetate salts are made when acetic acid reacts with a base (like sodium hydroxide).

The reaction between acetic acid and sodium hydroxide gives sodium acetate and water:

 + NaOH —>  + H2O

## Examples
*methyl acetate: 
*ethyl acetate: 
*sodium acetate: 
*potassium acetate: 

## Related pages
*Protonation
*Acid
*Formate
*Carboxylate
*Carboxylic acid