open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Operation Inherent Resolve

**Operation Inherent Resolve** (OIR) is the name given for the ongoing United States military actions against the terrorist group Islamic State since 2014, including the American-led interventions in Iraq and Syria.

## References
Mirzapur (movie)

***Mirzapur*** is an upcoming Indian Hindi-language movie written by Puneet Krishna and directed by Gurmeet Singh. Produced by Ritesh Sidhwani and Farhan Akhtar under Excel Entertainment, the movie has an ensemble cast including Pankaj Tripathi, Ali Fazal, Divyenndu, Jitendra Kumar, Ravi Kishan, Abhishek Banerjee, Rasika Dugal, Shweta Tripathi, Shriya Pilgaonkar, Harshita Gaur, Sushant Singh, Mohit Malik, Sheeba Chaddha, Rajesh Tailang, Kulbhushan Kharbanda, Anjum Sharma, Sonal Chauhan, Pramod Pathak, Anangsha Biswas and others. It is based on the streaming television series *Mirzapur* (2018).

## Cast 
* Pankaj Tripathi
* Ali Fazal
* Divyenndu
* Jitendra Kumar
* Ravi Kishan
* Abhishek Banerjee
* Rasika Dugal
* Shweta Tripathi
* Shriya Pilgaonkar
* Harshita Gaur
* Sushant Singh
* Mohit Malik
* Sheeba Chaddha
* Rajesh Tailang
* Kulbhushan Kharbanda
* Anjum Sharma
* Sonal Chauhan
* Pramod Pathak
* Anangsha Biswas

## Production 
### Development 
The movie was officially announced by Amazon MGM Studios, with Gurmeet Singh serving as director, and the script is penned by Puneet Krishna, while Excel Entertainment managed the production. The muhurat puja was held on 14 August 2025 at Excel office in Mumbai with the presence of the movie cast and crew.

### Casting 
In August 2025, Ravi Kishan joined the cast. In the same month, Jitendra Kumar was cast to replacing Vikrant Massey, who exited the project. In October 2025, Sonal Chauhan and Anjum Sharma were added to the cast.

### Filming 
The script reading session was held on 15 August 2025. Principal photography began the following month in Mumbai. Later production moved to Varanasi in October 2025 for its second schedule, which was completed within the same month. The next schedule was held in Jaisalmer followed by Jodhpur. Following a short break, the team filmed a concurrent schedule in December 2025 in Rajasthan where Fazal's portions were filmed. Filming wrapped in January 2026. The movie was shot extensively in multiple locations including Mumbai, Varanasi, and various parts of Rajasthan.

## Release 
The film is slated for theatrical release on 4 September 2026.

## Other websites 
* 

## References
StopAntisemitism

**StopAntisemitism** is a nonprofit advocacy organization in the United States that focuses on combating antisemitism and anti-Israel bias.

## History 
 of StopAntisemitism, during a hearing before the United States House of Representatives Small Business Committee in 2024]]
American activist Liora Rez founded StopAntisemitism in October 2018 to monitor and expose antisemitism online. Rez was born in the Soviet Union, where her family experienced antisemitism.

## Activities 
StopAntisemitism regularly receives reports of antisemitic incidents, often via social media. The organization reviews the incoming reports and gathers additional information about the perpetrator, especially about their professional background and employer. All information about the perpetrator, often including a photo and screenshots of their social media accounts and profile, is then published to expose them.

Since 2019, a "Antisemite of the Week" has been chosen each week, and an "Antisemite of the Year" has been chosen each year.

Following the outbreak of the Gaza war in 2023, StopAntisemitism shared a post on social media claiming that Palestinians were editing photos to create fake photos of dead children with dolls. The post was disinformation. StopAntisemitism was accused of participating in the spreading of the "Pallywood" conspiracy theory.

### „Antisemite of the Year“ finalists 
## Related pages 
* Anti-Defamation League
* Center for Research on Antisemitism
* Vidal Sassoon International Center for the Study of Antisemitism

## References 
## Other websites 
*
Battle of Phước Long

The **Battle of Phước Long** (Vietnamese: **Chiến dịch Đường 14 – Phước Long**) was an important battle fought in the final months of the Vietnam War in December 1974. North Vietnam launched a spring offensive against South Vietnam with the particaption of the People's Army of Vietnam and the Viet Cong (also known as the National Liberation Front of South Vietnam).

Finally, Phước Long fell and this was the first battle to mark the beginning of the fall of South Vietnam later.

## References 
### Citations 
### Further readings 
* George C. Herring. (1998). ''America's Longest War*. Hanoi: National Politics Publishing House.
* Pham Ngoc Thach & Ho Khang. (2008). *The War of Resistance Against America* (8th edition). Hanoi: National Politics Publishing.
* Vietnam People’s Army. (2004). *History of the 4th Army Corp-Cuu Long Army Corp''. Hanoi: People’s Army Publishing House.
### Other links 
* Phuoc-Long, The wound that never heal
Felino Corporation

**Felino Corporation** is a Canadian automobile brand founded in 2009 by Antoine Bessette a former racing driver in Montreal. Since 2016 it makes the Felino CB7.

## References
E (disambiguation)

**E** is the fifth letter of the alphabet.

**E** may also refer to:

* E (musical note)
* *e* (mathematical constant)
* E minor, a minor scale
Rub Me Wrong

"**Rub Me Wrong**" is the first single by Australian drag queen and singer Courtney Act. It was released on 8 March 2004, shortly after she appeared on season 1 of *Australian Idol*. The song reached number 29 on the ARIA Singles Chart in Australia.

## Track listings
## Charts
## References
Crisis in Venezuela

The **crisis in Venezuela** is a current total crisis regarding economy, society and politics in Venezuela since the 2010s under the leadership of Hugo Chávez all the way to the Nicolás Maduro's presidency. This is the worst crisis ever to happen in Venezuela (economically) and is also one of the worst economic crisis in the Americas. The crisis emerged when populist policies of Chávez and Maduro, called the "Bolivarian Revolution" faltered, plus oil rates reached low in early 2015 which intensifies the situation to the point it is getting out of control.

The decreasing Venezuela's GDP & GDP per capita rates from 2013 to 2017 are much worse than the United States' Great Depression era, perhaps even worse than Russia, Cuba and Albania after communism collapsed in 1989–91. The yearly consumer inflation rates have reached hundred to thousand percentage points, the economy shrinks by 20% every year. Food shortage causes 75% population to lose an average of 8,7kg (18,5 pound) of weight and a 2018 study of three Venezuelan universities shows 90% Venezuelans are living in poor conditions.

The Venezuelan crisis is impacting deeply to ordinary Venezuelans. Political corruption, loss of basic goods, business bankrupt, unemployment, plus the economy relies on oil and many, making it hard to solve the problems. Crimes are getting higher, making Venezuela as top countries with the highest violence rates. In 2015, the murder rates in Venezuela are 90 in 100,000 people, which is 18 times higher than the United States' 5 in 100,000 people rates.

## Notes 
## References
Submitters

**Submitters** are followers of the Egyptian-American biochemist Rashad Khalifa (d. 1990) who established United Submitters International (USI) in Tucson, Arizona. Submitters reject the Hadith and believe in the "Qur'an alone" plus the specific mathematical code (19), which Khalifa popularised, whom they consider a "Messenger of the Covenant". Submitters do not consider themselves to be Quranists, as the two are fundamentally different in their core beliefs, specifically regarding the status of Khalifa and the understanding of certain practices. Quranists have accused Khalifa of "extremism in lying and extremism in disbelief".

The USI founded by Khalifa has published a monthly newsletter with the title "Submitter's Perspective" since 1985. Among those influenced by Khalifa's ideas include Edip Yüksel, Ahmad Rashad, and Nigerian High Court Judge, Isa Othman.

## References
Adenomera juikitam

**Goiás tropical bullfrog** (*Adenomera juikitam*) is a frog.  It lives in  Brazil.

## Home
This frog lives in Cerrado, Caatinga, and other places. It lives in places with rocky, sandy, or limestone soil. This frog lives where there is at least some shade.

Scientists have only seen these frogs in protected places: Área de Preservação Ambiental Pouso Alto and Parque Nacional da Chapada dos Veadeiros.

## Young
Scientists think this frog has young on land and the tadpoles do not eat food.

## Danger
Scientists from the IUCN say this frog is not in danger of dying out.

## First paper
*

## References
Symphony No. 10 (Beethoven/Cooper)

Ludwig van Beethoven's **Symphony No. 10** in E♭ major is a unfinished work, put together in 1988 by Barry Cooper from Beethoven's writing for the first movement. There is consensus that Beethoven did intend to write another symphony but died before he could finish it. Cooper's score was first played at a concert given in 1988 by the Royal Philharmonic Society, London.

## References 
## External links 
*
Silverfort

**Silverfort** is a private cybersecurity company. It makes software that helps protect user accounts and computer networks, including systems that use Active Directory.

## History 
Silverfort was started in 2016 by Hed Kovetz, Yaron Kassner, and Matan Fattal.

The company raised funding in several rounds, including a Series A round in 2018 and a Series B round in 2020.

In January 2024, Silverfort raised $116 million in a late-stage funding round, which media reports said valued the company at about $1 billion.

## Products 
Silverfort’s product is meant to help companies protect logins and reduce attacks that move through a network after one account is stolen.

## References
New Republic Pictures

**New Republic Pictures** is an American film production and financing company. It was founded in 2017 by producer Brian Oliver.

## History 
In 2018, the company made a deal with Paramount Pictures to help finance and release films.

In 2019, producer Bradley J. Fischer became the company’s president and chief content officer.

In 2020, the company announced first-look deals with Cate Blanchett’s Dirty Films and Jake Gyllenhaal’s Nine Stories Productions.

## Selected films 
New Republic Pictures has worked on films such as:
* *Rocketman* (2019)
* *1917* (2019)
* *Top Gun: Maverick* (2022)

## References 
## Other websites 
*
Luminar Neo

**Luminar Neo** is a photo editing program made by Skylum. It works on Windows and macOS. It can run as a normal app, and it can also work as a plug-in in some other photo editors.

## History 
Skylum released Luminar Neo in February 2022. Before Neo, the company released earlier Luminar products, including Luminar (2016) and Luminar 2018.

## Features 
Luminar Neo includes tools for adjusting light and color, and some automated tools that use AI to help with edits like sky replacement and portrait changes.

## Awards 
Luminar Neo won a TIPA award for imaging software in 2022 and 2023.

## References
Sodium peroxide

**Sodium peroxide** is a chemical compound made of sodium and peroxide ions. Its chemical formula is . The molar mass is around 77.98 g/mol (anhydrous). It usually forms the octahydrate compound when hydrated. It appears as a yellow to white powder (anhydrous) or just white powder (octahydrate). It is a strong base.

## Formation and reactions of sodium peroxide
It is made when sodium metal reacts with excess oxygen when heated to first make sodium oxide then to sodium peroxide.
:The first step balanced chemical equation is:
:
:The second step balanced chemical equation is:
:

It can be also made (the octahydrate form) when sodium hydroxide reacts with hydrogen peroxide (and some water).
:The balanced chemical equation is:
:

It hydrolyzes in water to make sodium hydroxide and hydrogen peroxide or oxygen depending on the temperature.
:The balanced chemical equation (in cold water) is:
:
:While the balanced chemical equation (in hot water) is:
:

## Related pages
*Lithium peroxide
*Magnesium peroxide
Hexamethylenediamine

**Hexamethylenediamine** is a chemical compound made of carbon, nitrogen, and hydrogen. It is one of the two main ingredients in the synthetic fibre nylon 66.

## Sources
Jeremy Sumpter

**Jeremy Robert Myron Sumpter** (born February 5, 1989) is an American actor. He had many television and movie roles. He is best known for his roles in movies including *Peter Pan* (2003) and *Into the Storm* (1999).

## Other websites 
*
Organosilicon chemistry

**Organosilicon chemistry** is the scientific study of **organosilicon compounds**, a type of chemical compound where silicon atoms are connected to carbon atoms. Silicon has similar chemistry to carbon because they are both in the same group, and many organosilicon compounds are similar to those made with just carbon. 

The 1904 discovery of silicone by Frederic Kipping made organosilicon chemistry an important part of the rubber and lubricant industries. Millions of tonnes of silicone rubber (usually polydimethylsiloxane) are made every year.

## Sources
Terephthaloyl chloride

**Terephthaloyl chloride** is an organic compound. It is the acyl chloride related to terephthalic acid, with the chemical formula . It is one of three isomers of benzenedioyl chloride, defined by having the acyl chloride groups on opposite sides of the aromatic ring.

## Preparation 
1,4-bis(trichloromethyl)benzene will react with terephthalic acid with only hydrogen chloride as a byproduct:
:
It also reacts with sulfur dioxide, which makes thionyl chloride as a byproduct:
:

Like other acyl chlorides, it may also be prepared using thionyl chloride or phosgene:
:
:

## Uses 
Terephthaloyl chloride is a monomer used to make aramids, a type of synthetic fibre. Kevlar is a well-known trade name for an aramid. The other ingredient in aramids is an aromatic diamine like *p*-phenylenediamine. The amine groups react with the acyl chloride groups to make amide groups (the Schotten-Baumann reaction).

As well as aramids, it can be used instead of terephthalic acid to make polyesters like polyethylene terephthalate.

## Sources
Hellen Obiri

**Hellen Obiri** (born 13 December 1989) is a Kenyan track and field athlete and marathon runner. She is a two-time World Champion at 5,000 meters. Obiri has also won three Olympic medals. She was the silver medalist in the 5,000 meters in the 2016 and 2020 Olympics. In the 2024 Olympics, she won a bronze medal in the marathon.

Obiri has also won four major marathons. She won the Boston Marathon in 2023 and 2024. Obiri was the winner of the New York City Marathon in 2023 and 2025. Her time of 2:19:51 in the 2025 New York City Marathon broke the course record. 

## References
Grey seal

The **grey seal** is a large species of seal. It is found on both shores of the North Atlantic Ocean. Its name is spelled **gray seal** in the United States; it is also known as **Atlantic seal** and the **horsehead seal**.

## Description
Grey seals are fairly large, ranging from  long and weighing ,  although some as long as  have been observed. They are different from the harbor seal because of their straighter head shape, further apart nostrils, and because they commonly have less spots.   Males are generally darker than females. Females are silver grey to brown with dark patches.

## Reference
Blake Garrett

**Nolan Blake Garrett** (September 14, 1992 – February 8, 2026) was an American actor, known primarily for his work as a child actor, especially for his role as Plug in the comedy film *How to Eat Fried Worms*.

## Career 
Garrett was born on September 14, 1992, in Austin. From a young age, he was involved in acting, appearing in local theater productions such as Aladdin and His Magical Lamp, Peanuts: A Charlie Brown Tribute, The Wizard of Oz, Annie, and Grease. At age 10, Garrett joined Barney's Colorful World International Tour, performing roles in the live show.

Garrett made his most well-known film appearance in 2006 with the movie How to Eat Fried Worms, a family comedy based on the children's novel of the same name. In it, he played Plug, one of the protagonist's classmates. His performance was part of the cast that won the Young Artist Award for Best Child Ensemble in a Motion Picture at the 2007 Young Artist Awards.

After his time as a child actor, Garrett led a relatively private life. He struggled with addiction, managing to stay sober in the years leading up to his death. I have lived in Tulsa, Oklahoma.

## Death 
Blake Garrett died on February 8, 2026, at the age of 33  after being hospitalized for shingles.

## Filmography 
### Cinema 
* How to Eat Fried Worms (2006)

### Theater 
* *Aladdin and his Magical Lamp*
* *Peanuts: A Charlie Brown Tribute*
* *The Wizard of Oz*
* *Annie*
* *Grease*

## References
## Other websites
Adenomera araucaria

The **Paraná tropical bullfrog** (*Adenomera araucaria*) is a frog.  It lives in  Brazil.

## Home
This frog lives in Atlantic forests. It can live in forests where the branches come together like a roof and in rainforests that were cut down and have been growing back. It can live on tree farms if the tree farms are thirty years old or older. It can only live in forests. Scientists have seen it between  above sea level.

Scientists have seen these frogs in protected places: Área de Proteção Ambiental da Serra da Esperanca, Área de Proteção Ambiental do Alto Rio Turvo, Floresta Nacional de São Francisco de Paula, Parque Estadual Itapeva, Parque Estadual Serra Furada, Parque Nacional da Serra do Itajai, and Parque Nacional de Aparados da Serra.

## Young
Scientists think this frog has young on land in foam nests.

## Danger
Scientists from the IUCN say this frog is not in danger of dying out. In some places, it is in some danger when human beings change the places where it lives to cut down trees and make farms and places for cows to eat grass.

## References
Rubidium selenide

**Rubidium selenide** is a chemical compound made of rubidium and selenide ions. Its chemical formula is . The molar mass is around 249.907 g/mol. It is used together with caesium selenide in solar cells.

## Formation of rubidium selenide
It can be made when rubidium metal reacts with mercury selenide to make rubidium selenide and mercury metal.
:The balanced chemical equation is:
:
It can also be made when rubidium hydroxide reacts with hydrogen selenide to make rubidium selenide and water.
:The balanced chemical equation is:
:

## Related pages
*Rubidium oxide
DeWarmte B.V.

**DeWarmte B.V.** is a Dutch company that makes and installs heat pump systems for homes. The company is based in The Hague, Netherlands. DeWarmte creates technologies for hybrid and all-electric heating.

## History
DeWarmte was founded in 2018 in Delft by Sander Wapperom and Auke de Vries, who studied mechanical engineering at the Delft University of Technology.

The company's first product was the HeatCycle (2019), which recovered heat from wastewater. This product was discontinued in 2024 as the company focused on heat pumps. In 2023, DeWarmte moved its headquarters to The Hague and its logistics center to Utrecht.

DeWarmte has received several awards for its work. These include the Rabobank Innovatiefonds award (2019), the ASN Wereldprijs (2020), and an iF Design Award (2024). It was also ranked in the KVK Innovation Top 100 in 2024 and 2025. Its main product is the Pomp AO, a hybrid heat pump launched in 2021. This system works together with a gas boiler to reduce gas usage.

In 2024, the company released the Pomp T. This is an all-electric heat pump boiler designed to replace gas heating entirely. Later, in November 2025, DeWarmte introduced the Pomp MP. This is a more powerful hybrid system made for larger houses.

## References
Access Books

**Access Books** is a nonprofit volunteer organization in Southern California. It gives books to libraries for children from low-income communities. The organization was founded in 1999 by Rebecca Constantino. She started Access Books after saving rejected books that were going to be thrown away and giving them to a school in Compton, California. 

Access Books focuses on helping children enjoy reading. The books include picture books, children’s books, biographies, classics, and young adult novels. The organization gets books from donations by publishers, schools, and individuals. It also buys books at lower prices using money from charities and donors. Libraries can ask for books that fit the needs of their students. Volunteers help deliver, sort, and place the books on shelves. They also help improve libraries by painting murals and adding furniture, such as chairs and rugs, to make reading more comfortable. Access Books also holds community events, such as book signings and writing workshops, to support reading and literacy.

Access Books had given more than 2 million new and used books to over 300 libraries and community centers in Southern California.

## References
Motwani Jadeja Foundation

**Motwani Jadeja Foundation** (**MJF**) is a nonprofit organization. It was started in 2012 by Asha Jadeja Motwani. The foundation was created in memory of her husband, Rajeev Motwani, a computer science professor at Stanford University. The foundation is based in Palo Alto, California and works mainly in the United States and India.

The foundation supports programs in technology, education, and business. One of its main programs is the Rajeev Circle Fellowship, which connects Indian entrepreneurs with mentors in Silicon Valley. In India, the foundation supports local innovation projects and educational programs. It also helps organize discussions about public policy, innovation, and global technology. The foundation supports women in technology through the Women in Tech program. It also helps students in India by offering scholarships for studies in engineering and medicine.

The foundation is led by Asha Jadeja Motwani, a philanthropist and technology investor based in Silicon Valley.

## References
Yaoreima

(Sarang Leishangthem group) & the Ningthouja dynasty (Mangang or dominant Meitei group)]]

**Yaoreima** (), also known as **Yaoreima Chanu** (), was a queen in the early history of ancient Meitei civilization. She was connected to both the Chenglei kingdom and the Ningthouja kingdom.

## Early life 
Yaoreima was the wife of Thangyi Khongjromba, a king of the Chenglei dynasty. Through this marriage, she became queen of the Chenglei kingdom.

She is mentioned in the Chengleiron, the royal chronicle of the Chenglei dynasty. This record connects her to the history and traditions of the Chenglei rulers.

## Conflict between the Chenglei and Ningthouja kings 
Later, Yaoreima became related to with Naokhamba, a Meitei king of the Ningthouja dynasty. According to different accounts, she either eloped with Naokhamba or was abducted by him. This event caused a conflict between the two kings.

A duel fight happened between the Chenglei king and the Ningthouja king. Naokhamba defeated Thangyi Khongjromba. After this defeat, Yaoreima became the queen of the Ningthouja kingdom.

## Queen of the Ningthoujas 
As queen of the Ningthouja kingdom, Yaoreima gave birth to two princes. One was Naophan Ahanba. The other was Naophangba, who lived from about 428 to 518 CE and later became king of the Ningthouja dynasty.

Yaoreima is mentioned in several Ningthouja chronicles. These include the Chada Laihui, which records the birth givers or queen mothers of the Ningthouja kings, the Cheitharol Kumbaba, the royal chronicle of the Ningthouja kings, and the Ningthourol Lambuba, another chronicle of the Ningthouja rulers.

## Related pages 
* List of Meitei princesses
* List of Khuman queens
* Meitei queens of Tripura
* Meitei goddesses

## References
2014 Pilger, Nebraska tornado family

In the afternoon of June 16, 2014, two strong tornadoes struck the town of Pilger, Nebraska. The tornadoes killed 3 people and hurt 20 others.

## References
Vitalism

**Vitalism** is the idea that life has special properties that separate it from other types of matter. While it was once popular with early scientists, scientific evidence now overwhelmingly suggests that living things follow all the same rules of physics and chemistry as nonliving things. This makes vitalism an example of a superseded theory.

## History 
### Development of modern chemistry 
Vitalism began to be seriously challenged in the 19th century. In 1828, Friedrich Wöhler discovered the Wöhler synthesis, which makes the organic compound urea from the inorganic compound ammonium cyanate. This is commonly called the end of vitalism, but this is criticised by both chemists and historians as being an oversimplifed myth. Many chemists at the time, most prominently Wöhler's teacher Jöns Jacob Berzelius, remained vitalists well after Wöhler published his work. Further developments in organic synthesis, such as the preparation of acetic acid from inorganic carbon disulfide by Hermann Kolbe, saw the end of vitalism in chemistry by the late 19th century.

Prominent vitalists like Hans Dreich and Johannes Reinke were active in biology and philosophy into the early 20th century. By the 1960s molecular biology had advanced enough that vitalism was considered a superseded scientific theory, with Francis Crick describing it as "what everyone believed yesterday, and [vitalists] believe today, only cranks will believe tomorrow."

## Sources
Max Thieriot

**Maximilion Drake Thieriot** (born October 14, 1988) is an American actor. He made his acting debut in the criminal comedy movie *Catch That Kid* (2004). He is known for his roles in movies including *Jumper* (2008) and *Chloe* (2009).

## Other websites 
*
Fall of the Fascist regime in Italy

The **Fall of the Fascist regime in Italy** was a series of events from 1943-1945. The events happened after the Sicilian invasion of 1943, when a joint Anglo–American army invaded Sicily from Italy, nicknamed Operation Husky. On 24–25 July 1943, a coup d'état named ***25 Luglio*** successfully had the dictator Benito Mussolini removed from his Prime Minister position and arrested by King Victor Emmanuel III.

## References
Muhammad Tawfiq Sidqi

**Muhammad Tawfiq Sidqi** (Arabic: محمد توفيق صدقي, romanized: Muḥammad Tawfīq Ṣidqī; 1881–1920) was an Egyptian physician and Quranist scholar who is credited with laying the intellectual foundations of Quranism. In 1906, he published an article entitled "Islam is the Qur'an Alone" (*Al-Islām huwa l-Qurʾān Waḥda-hū*) in Rashid Rida's magazine *Al-Manār*. As the name of the article suggests, Sidqi accepted the Qur'an alone as an authoritative religious source and was convinced that it contained all the necessary information. The Sunnah of the Prophet was only a model for his contemporaries. If the Prophet had wanted Hadiths to reach future generations, he would have had them written down – just like the Qur'an. Muslims today are therefore free to decide whether or not to follow something that is narrated by the Prophet and is not contained in the Qur'an. 

## References
Adenomera engelsi

The **Ilha de Santa Catarina tropical bullfrog** (*Adenomera engelsi*) is a frog.  It lives in  Brazil.

## Home
This frog lives in Atlantic forests. People see it on the dead leaves on the ground in forests that were never cut down and rainforests that were cut down and have been growing back. It is good at living in places that have changed.  Scientists have seen it between  above sea level.

Scientists have seen these frogs in protected places: Parque Estadual Serra do Tabuleiro, Monumento Natural Municipal da Lagoa do Peri, and Parque Municipal do Maciço da Costeira.

## Young
This frog puts its eggs in nests made out of bubbles on the ground far from water. Scientists think this frog hatches out of its egg as a small frog and not as a tadpole..

## Danger
Scientists from the IUCN say this frog is not in danger of dying out. In some places, it is in some danger when human beings change the places where it lives to make towns and farms, but there are big pieces of forest left, and this frog is good at living in small pieces of forest.

## References
Italo-Turkish War

The **Italo–Turkish War**, also known as the **War of Libya**, was a war between the Kingdom of Italy and the Ottoman Empire from 29 September 1911 to 18 October 1912. Italy won and took the Ottoman Empire's Tripolitania and also its sub-provinces of Fezzan, Cyrenaica and Tripoli, these territories would later be called Italian Libya.

Italy also took the Dodecanese in the Aegean Sea. They agreed to give the Ottomans back the Dodecanese in the 1912 Treaty of Ouchy but because of the treaty's context were superficial and careless plus the Ottoman's poor conditions at the time and later the Balkan and First World Wars led to Italy having the rights to own it.

The war was a big insult to the Ottoman Empire due to it being weak and defeated by a young Empire like Italy. Seeing the Ottomans weak, members of the Balkan League later attacked the Ottomans in the First Balkan War which will be World War I's predecessor.

Before war, the British, French and Russians always supported Italy about colonial problems in Libya causing troubles for the Ottoman Empire. This was one of the reasons why Italy didn't fully join the Central Powers in World War I.

## Why the war broke out 
The Kingdom of Italy had already wanted to take Libya from the Ottoman Empire after the Russo-Turkish War of 1877–78 and the many next treaties of the 1878 Congress of Berlin. With the French and British help against conflicts with Russia, the Ottomans agreed to let France to occupy Tunisia and Britain to control Cyprus. Later Italy committed a secret agreement with the British government in February 1887 through diplomacy. The agreement said the Italians would support the British control in Egypt and Britain would support Italy's Libyan control. In 1902, Italy and France signed a secret agreement which allowed the free intervention over Tripolitania and Morocco.

The agreement which were negotiated by Italian foreign minister Giulio Prinetti and French ambassador Camille Barrère ended the historical competitions between the two nations in order to gain control over North Africa. The same year, Britain promised Italy that any changes in Libya would be suitable for Italy, this promise aimed to ease the commitment of Italy with the Triple Alliance.

For Tripoli and Cyrenaica, to gain Italy's support over the sovereignty of Bosporus, Russiaaccepted Italy's requests about Italy's Libyan problems. However, the Kingdom of Italy did not mention Libya's resources were rare and hard to be found. Nationalist Enrico Corradini led the public call in Libya and that was written by the nationalist newspaper L'Idea Nazio in 1911. The Kingdom of Italy began a mass lobbying campaign for an invasion of Libya in late March of 1911. It was exaggerately described Libyan resources as rich and had good water sources and were protected by four thousand Ottoman troops. In addition, its citizen was described to be hostile against the Ottomans and friendly with the Italians.

, who had colonial policies regarding Libya.]]
## References
AppyPie

**AppyPie** is an Indian technology company that makes a no-code development platform. It lets users create mobile apps, websites, chatbots, and automated workflows without traditional programming.

## History
AppyPie was founded by Abhinav Girdhar on January 21, 2016, in Noida, India.

In 2017, the company released a virtual reality and augmented reality (VR/AR) app builder for startups and small businesses.

In 2018, AppyPie expanded its no-code tools, including website-building features.

In 2023, AppyPie announced an AI App Generator. It also announced AppyLM, an early (alpha) large language model project for code generation.

In July 2024, AppyPie announced that it acquired Appsmakerstore.com.

In 2025, Indian media reported that AppyPie launched new AI tools for image and video generation and a Hindi AI design model called PixelYatra.

## Products
AppyPie offers no-code tools such as:
* an app builder for creating mobile apps
* a website builder
* automation tools for workflows (for example, connecting apps and services)

## Reviews and discussion
Tech websites have reviewed AppyPie’s tools. TechRadar said its AI features can be useful, but it also noted limits in customization and templates.

Writers have also discussed no-code platforms in general. In a 2014 article, *Los Angeles Times* quoted a critical view that some app-building platforms could be expensive or not very elegant.

## References
List of Netflix original programming

Netflix is an American global streaming-on-demand media platform that since 2007 has offered many original streaming television shows, including original series, specials, miniseries, documentaries and films. Netflix's original productions also include shows it continued after they were canceled by other networks. They also include acquired or co-produced content from international broadcasters for exclusive broadcast in other territories, which are also marketed in those regions as Netflix original content. Netflix previously produced content through Red Envelope Entertainment. The company has since increased its original content. All programming is in English unless stated otherwise, is organized by its primary genre or format, and is sorted by premiere date. These shows had their original production ordered by Netflix, or had additional seasons ordered by Netflix.

## Drama 
## Comedy 
## Kids & family 
## Animation 
### Adult animation 
### Anime 
### Kids & family 
## Non-English language scripted 
These shows are created by Netflix and are spoken entirely or almost entirely in a non-English language. Most have the option of watching with English subtitles and dub.

### Arabic 
### Dutch 
### French 
### German 
### Hindi 
### Italian 
### Japanese 
### Korean 
### Mandarin 
### Polish 
### Portuguese 
### Spanish 
### Swedish 
### Turkish 
### Other 
## Unscripted 
### Docuseries 
### Reality 
### Variety 
.
## Specials 
These are one-time original events or additional episodic content related to original series.

### One-time 
### Episodic 
## Upcoming original programming 
The following projects have all received series orders from Netflix or are in development, but currently have an unknown specific release date at this time.

### Drama 
### Comedy 
### Animation 
#### Adult animation 
#### Anime 
#### Kids & family 
### Non-English language scripted 
#### Arabic
#### German 
#### Hindi 
#### Italian 
#### Japanese 
#### Korean 
#### Mandarin 
#### Polish 
#### Portuguese 
#### Spanish 
#### Turkish
#### Other 
### Unscripted 
#### Docuseries 
#### Reality 
### Co-productions 
### Continuations 
### Specials 
#### One-time 
### In development 
## References 
## Other websites 
* Netflix Originals current list on Netflix (based on geolocation)
War against the Islamic State

in November 2014]]
The **war against the Islamic State** (ISIS) is an ongoing war, it aims to prevent and destroy the Sunni Islamic terrorist and extremist organisation of the Islamic State. The war is fought between the Western countries (led by the United States), Arab nations and also Turkey against the Islamic State.

## Background 
The United States launched an international military coalition against ISIS at NATO summit in Newport, Wales on 5 September 2014. The founding members besides the US are Germany, the United Kingdom, France, Italy, Poland, Denmark, Australia, Canada and Turkey. The Netherlands will join later from October 2014 to July 2016, next is Belgium from June 2016, every country provides some F-16 fighter jets.

Days later, US President Barack Obama appointed former general and former commander of the International Security Assistance Force John R. Allen as special envoy for the coalition against ISIS,

## Attacks 
### September 2014 
On 22 September 2014, the first ever airstrike against ISIS by international coalition forces was conducted, led by the US. Besides the U.S. Air Force and U.S. Navy (with cruise missiles), fighter jets from Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Jordan and the United Arab Emirates also participated. The attacks targeted 50 locations in Raqqa Governorate in northern Syria. An ISIS base was destroyed and a checkpoint was attacked in Deir-er-Zor Governorate.

On 24 September 2014, American bomber aircrafts attacked a house of the Khorasan group of Syria, leading to 15 deaths and the building was completely destroyed. This group was a part of Al-Nusra Front and was considered a terrorist organisation in the United States.

### 2024 
According to the United States Department of Defense, there are currently 700 U.S. soldiers stationing in Syria as of 2024.

## Operations 
* : *Operation Inherent Resolve* (OIR), officially launched on 15 October 2014 by the United States Central Command (CENTCOM) and effective on 8 August 2014.
* : *Operation Okra* (since 31 August 2014)
* : *Operation Desert Falcon* (ODF; since September 2014)
* : *Opération Chammal* (since 20 September 2014)
* : *Operation Shader* (since 26 September 2014)
* : *Operazione Prima Parthica* (since October 2014)
* : *Operation Martyr Muath* (عملية الشهيد معاذ; since 22 September 2014)
* : *Operation Impact* (since 4 September 2014)
* : *Operation Counter Daesh* (since 4 December 2014)

## Partners 
### Nations 
### International organisations 
* 
* 
* Interpol
* 
## References
Eddy Antoine

**Eddy Antoine** (27 August 1949 – 8 February 2026) was a Haitian footballer who played as a midfielder. He was capped 13 times for Haiti, and played for them at the 1974 FIFA World Cup.

Antoine died on 8 February 2026, at the age of 76.

## References
System of a Down (album)

***System of a Down*** is the debut studio album by System of a Down. The album was released on June 30, 1998.

## Track listing
Varija Bajaj

**Varija Bajaj** is an Indian fashion designer from Delhi. She is known for her women's workwear and and modern Indian clothing. 

## Life
Bajaj studied Philosophy at Miranda House, University of Delhi, Advertising and Marketing at St. Xavier's College, Mumbai, and earned a Master of Business Administration degree from the University of Sheffield in the United Kingdom.
In 2016, her collection had models wearing a traditional Indian head covering called a turban (pagdi). In 2017, she presented her “Vrindavan” collection. It was created to challenge social stigma against widows in India.

## Philanthropy
Bajaj is the chairperson of Varija Life, a non-governmental organization (NGO). The group works to support the rights of people with disabilities. It organizes the National Ability Summit, a conference that promotes disability inclusion. Varija Life organized National Ability Summit to highlight opportunities for disability inclusion in diverse fields. Varija Life has also started inviting applications for research on adaptive clothing. Over 27 prominent colleges across India are part of the research.

## References
Franco-Thai War

The **Franco-Thai War** (Thai: กรณีพิพาทอินโดจีน or สงครามอินโดจีน; French: Guerre franco-thaïlandaise) was a war between Thailand and the Vichy France in the territory of French Indochina during the Pacific War, which was a part of World War II).

## Related pages 
* Franco–Siamese War

## References
Abdullah Chakralawi

**Abdullah Chakralawi** (d. 1916 CE) was an Indian reformer who founded the Ahl al-Qur'an movement which was influential mostly in the Punjab region. The movement took the hadith as relevant only to the human situation of prophet Muhammad, took only the injunctions of the Qur'an as compulsory, and denied the excessive emphasis that Ahl al-Hadith put on hadith. In 1920 CE, the Lahore High Court of Pakistan gave legitimacy to the Ahl al-Qur'an group as a Muslim sect.

Ahl al-Qur'an has been described by Aziz Ahmad and Dietrich Reetz as a "fundamentalist splinter group of Ahl al-Hadith" while Francis Robinson has described it as puritanical. Chakralawi also opposed Sufism and vehemently condemned the shrine-based practices and Piri-Muridi traditions of the time.

Chakralawi established a mosque with the financial assistance of his disciple Shaykh Muhammad Chittu (d. 1911 CE) in Lahore.

## See also 
* Hadith rejectors
* Islamic schools and branches

## References
Total synthesis

In organic chemistry, **total synthesis** is a way of making a complicated organic compound from simple laboratory chemicals, normally inorganic compounds.

Total synthesis is mostly used in basic research, where it is used to study chemical reactions and find new tools for organic synthesis. In the chemical industry it is normally cheaper or easier to make complex molecules from other complex molecules rather than starting from simple ones.

## History 
The first total synthesis was the Wöhler synthesis of urea, which Friedrich Wöhler discovered by accident in 1828.
David Shapell

**David Shapell** (February 4, 1921 – February 8, 2015) was American real estate developer and philanthropist born in Poland. He was a Holocaust survivor. He co-founded one of the largest real estate companies in Southern California. He supported Jewish charities in the United States and Israel.

## Life
David Shapell was born as David Czapelski in Wolbrom, Poland. During World War II, he escaped Poland and fought in the Polish army under Soviet control. It was bought by Toll Brothers in 2013. He also supported the National Library of Israel in Jerusalem and Weizmann Institute of Science in Rehovot, Israel. He was trustee of the Jewish human rights organization Simon Wiesenthal Center in Los Angeles.

## References
Friedrich Wöhler

**Friedrich Wöhler** (31 July 180023 September 1882) was a German chemist. He is best known for the discovery of isomerism and the Wöhler synthesis of urea, the first example of a total synthesis in organic chemistry.

## History 
Wöhler was a student of the Swedish chemist Jöns Jacob Berzelius, one of the founders of modern chemistry.

In 1827, Wöhler made his most significant discovery. A reaction between silver nitrate and potassium cyanate made silver cyanate, which Wöhler gave the formula .

This was the same elements, in the same amounts, as Justus von Liebig had found in silver fulminate, but the two compounds were very different: the fulminate is an explosive, but the cyanate is not. Liebig challenged Wöhler's discovery, but after reviewing Wöhler's data, he agreed that silver cyanate had the same formula as silver fulminate.

Before this discovery, chemists believed that chemicals could only be different if made of different elements. Wöhler's experiment disproved this, showing that different chemicals could be made of the same elements. In a 1930 book. Berzelius named this idea "isomerism", from the Greek language roots *iso* meaning "same" and *mer* meaning "part".
Bear Stearns

**Bear Stearns** was a premier Wall Street investment bank and securities trading firm that collapsed in March 2008 due to heavy exposure to subprime mortgages, marking a critical, early turning point in the global financial crisis. It was subsequently acquired by JPMorgan Chase in a government-backed, distressed sale.
USS Nevada (BB-36)

The USS Nevada was an American battleship and the first ship of the Nevada Class. The building of the ship started on November 4th, 1912 and was commissioned in 1916. It fought during World War 1. The USS Nevada is best known for being the only battleship that was able to try to leave during the Japanese Attack on Pearl Harbor. After the War, Nevada would be sunk during the Operation Crossroads Atomic bomb tests.

## Service History 
### World War 1 
During World War 1 USS Nevada was in the Western Atlantic and Caribbean until mid 1918 when she went to the British Isles to protect cargo ships.

### Interwar 
After the war USS Nevada returned to the United States. USS Nevada also took part in the United States Navy's Goodwill Cruise in 1925 In 1927 USS Nevada went to the Norfolk Navy Yard to receive a modernization. 

### World War 2 
The United States entered World War 2 on December 8th, 1941, one day after the Attack on Pearl Harbor. During which she was the only battleship able to sail. During the first wave, the Nevada was hit by a torpedo from a Type 97 "Kate" Attack Bomber. During the second wave Nevada was the primary target of Japanese Vals.

## References
Siege of Malta (World War II)

The **Siege of Malta**, also known as the **Battle of Malta**, was a military operation in the Mediterranean and Middle East theatres of the Second World War. In around 1940–42, the fight to gain control of the island of Malta was the front between the Italian and German naval and air forces against the United Kingdom's naval and air force armies.

In mid-1940, when a new front opened in North Africa increased the significant value of Malta. Because its location is in the middle of the Mediterranean Sea, from this island the British Naval and Air Force armies can easily attack supply line ships and reinforcements of the Axis powers which will be starting from Europe to North Africa. For Germany, the Nazi commander-in-chief in North Africa Field Marshal Erwin Rommel immediately saw the importance of the island for his armies. In May 1941, he warned that if Malta is not under Axis control then sooner or later the Axis will lose North Africa.

The Axis were determined to bombard or exhaust Malta to the point that they need to leave the island, by attacking harbours, towns and Allied ships to supply. Malta became the most bombarded place in the entire war. The German Air Force Luftwaffe and Italian Air Force Regia Aeronautica had conducted 3,000 airstrikes in around two years to destroy the British Royal Air Force's defences and harbours. The success of the bombardments will create an opportunity for a German–Italian landing (Operation Herkules) supported by paratroopers (*Fallschirmjäger*). In reality, the landing was never conducted. While being surrounded, Allied ships can still be continuing to supply and aid Malta, the British Royal Air Force can ensure its defences while taking heavy casualties.

In November 1942, the Axis lost the Second Battle of El Alamein and the Allies had landed in Morocco (under the Vichy France) and Algeria in Operation Torch. The Axis were forced to exchange their troops to the Battle of Tunisia, resulting in the decreasing attacks on Malta. The siege formally ended in November 1942.

In December 1942, the British Naval and Air Force armies in Malta changed into defensive positions. In May 1943, they sunk 230 Axis ships in 164 days, this was the highest sinking rate for the Allies in the war. The Allied victory in Malta contributed an important part for their victory in North Africa.

## References
National anthem of the Orange Free State

The **national anthem of the Orange Free State** (Afrikaans: *Vrystaatse Volkslied*, Dutch: *Volkslied van de Oranje Vrijstaat*) was used from 1854 until 1902 as the national anthem of the Orange Free State.
Frederic Remington

**Frederic Remington** (October 4, 1861 – December 26, 1909) was an American painter and sculptor. He became famous with his pictures of cowboys and native americans, in the genre of Western American Art.

## References