open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
I'm Coming Out

"'''I'm Coming Out'''" is a song released in 1980. It was recorded by Diana Ross in 1979.

## References
Leslie Thomas

**Leslie Thomas**,  (22 March 1931 &ndash; 6 May 2014) was a Welsh journalist and author. His best known works where his comic novels *The Virgin Soldiers* (1966) and *Dangerous Davies, the Last Detective* (1976). *The Virgin Soldiers* was made into a movie in 1969 and a sequel in 1977, while *Dangerous Davies, the Last Detective* was made into an ITV television series starring Peter Davison. The series ran for 17 episodes from 2003 to 2007.

Thomas was born in Newport, Monmouthshire. He was became an orphan at the age of 12, when his mariner father was lost at sea and his mother died only a few months later from cancer.

Thomas after a long illness on 6 May 2014 near Salisbury, Wiltshire, aged 83. His wife, Diana, and their four children outlived him.

## References
## Other websites
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Irene Rich

**Irene Frances Luther** (aka **Irene Rich**; October 13, 1891 – April 22, 1988) was an American movie actress who also worked in radio. She played Stephanie in *A Law Unto Herself*. She also played Marga in *Her Purchase Price*.

Rich was born in Buffalo, New York. She died in the Hope Ranch district of Santa Barbara, California of heart failure. Rich was 96.

## References
## Other websites 
*
Steven Bochco

**Steven Ronald Bochco** (December 16, 1943 &ndash; April 1, 2018) was an American television producer and writer. He created a number of popular television hits including *Hill Street Blues*, *L.A. Law*, *Doogie Howser, M.D.*, and *NYPD Blue*. He also had unsuccessful series including *Cop Rock*. He won Emmy Awards for his writing in 1981 and 1987.

Bochco was diagnosed with leukemia in 2014. He died from the disease at his home in Los Angeles, California on April 1, 2018, at age 74.

## References
## Other websites
*
Chi Chil Tah, New Mexico

**Chi Chil Tah** (also **Cheechilgeetho**, **Gahyazhi**, **Jones Ranch**, **Tse Chil Tah**) is an unincorporated community in McKinley County, New Mexico, United States.

## References
Pierre Richard

**Pierre Richard** (born **Pierre Richard Maurice Charles Léopold Defays** (born 16 August 1934) is a popular French actor and comedian. He is known for playing a clumsy daydreamer in French comedy movies. He worked with many famous French directors such as Louis de Funès and Gérard Depardieu. He is also a singer and movie director.

## References
## Other websites
*Official website (in French; English version under development)
*
Tom Courtenay

**Sir Thomas Daniel Courtenay** (born 25 February 1937) is an English actor. His career began during the 1960s. He is known for his roles in *The Loneliness of the Long Distance Runner* (1962), *Billy Liar* (1963), *Doctor Zhivago* (1965), *The Dresser* (1983), and in *Last Orders*. 

He won a Golden Globe Award for Best Actor in 1983 and a BAFTA TV Award for Best Actor in 1999.

## References
## Other websites
*
*
Katrina Bowden

**Katrina Bowden** (born September 19, 1988) is an American actress. She played Cerie on the television show *30 Rock* (2006-2013). She played Mia in *American Reunion*.

Bowden was born in Wyckoff, New Jersey.

## References
Gambit (2012 movie)

***Gambit*** is a 2012 British-American comedy movie directed by Michael Hoffman. It stars Colin Firth, Cameron Diaz, Alan Rickman and Stanley Tucci. It was released in November 21, 2012 in the United Kingdom and on April 25, 2014 in the United States.

## References
## Other websites 
* 
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J. Stanley Marshall

**J. Stanley Marshall** (January 27, 1923 &ndash; June 8, 2014) was an American academic. He was president of Florida State University from 1969 to 1976. He also helped establish the James Madison Institute in 1987. 

Marshall was born in Cheswick, Pennsylvania. He was married to Shirley Slade of Longview, Texas for over fifty years.

Marshall died from heart failure on June 8, 2014 in Tallahassee, Florida, aged 91. He suffered a heart attack in May and died in hospice care.

## References
## Other websites
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James B. Sikking

**James Barrie Sikking** (March 5, 1934 – July 13, 2024) was an American actor known for his Emmy Award-nominated role as Lt. Howard Hunter on the 1980s NBC TV series *Hill Street Blues*. He also starred on the ABC TV series *Doogie Howser, M.D.* as Dr. David Howser.

Sikking married his second wife, cookbook author Florine Sikking ( Caplan), in 1962. They had three children.

Sikking died of problems caused by dementia at his home in Los Angeles, California on July 13, 2024, at the age of 90.

## References
## Other websites
* 
* 
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Salpicon

**Salpicon** is a something people can make for cooking.  In a salpicon, ingredients that are diced, cut into small cube-like pieces, and cooked with a sauce or other liquid. Sometimes salpicon is used as stuffing. 

Salpicons can be made with meat, vegetables or fruits.

The word "salpicon" is used in different ways in French, Spanish, Central American and Latin American cuisine.
Pooh's Heffalump Halloween Movie

'''''Pooh's Heffalump Halloween Movie'''* is a 2005 American direct-to-video animated movie. It was produced by John A. Smith and was directed by Elliot M. Bour and Saul Andrew Blinkoff. It is a sequel to *Pooh's Heffalump Movie'' which was released in February 11, 2005.
Pooh's Heffalump Halloween Movie was released on June 13, 2005 in North America. The movie is about Lumpy the Heffalump's adventure with his friends during his first Halloween with them.

It is the first Winnie the Pooh movie since Paul Winchell's death and is the last movie to feature John Fiedler as the voice of Piglet, as Fielder died in 2005.

## Cast 
*David Ogden Stiers as The Narrator
*Jimmy Bennett as Roo (Bennett replaces voice actor Nikita Hopkins)
*Kyle Stanger as Lumpy the Heffalump
*Peter Cullen as Eeyore
*Jim Cummings as Winnie-the-Pooh and Tigger
*John Fiedler as Piglet
*Ken Sansom as Rabbit
*Kath Soucie as Kanga

Additional voices were provided by Travis Oates and Tara Strong. Oates also provided additional dialogue for Piglet since John Fiedler died in 2005, right before the movie was released.

## References
## Other websites 
*Official website 
*
LL Cool J

**James Todd Smith** (born January 14, 1968) is an American rapper, songwriter, record producer and actor. He is known professionally as **LL Cool J** (**L**adies **L**ove **Cool** **J**ames).

He currently stars on the CBS crime drama television series *NCIS: Los Angeles* as Special Agent Sam Hanna. As a rapper, he has released thirteen studio albums. Some of his most well known songs are "Mama Said Knock You Out", "I'm Bad", "Rock the Bells", "I Can't Live Without My Radio", "Hey Lover", "Loungin", "4,3,2,1", "Luv U Better",  "The Boomin' System" and "Murdergram Deux". His last album *Authentic* was released on April 30, 2013.

Cool J is married to his wife Simone and is a Christian.

## Discography
* *Radio* (1985)
* *Bigger and Deffer* (1987)
* *Walking with a Panther* (1989)
* *Mama Said Knock You Out* (1990)
* *14 Shots to the Dome* (1993)
* *Mr. Smith* (1995)
* *Phenomenon* (1997)
* *G.O.A.T.* (2000)
* *10* (2002)
* *The DEFinition* (2004)
* *Todd Smith* (2006)
* *Exit 13* (2008)
* *Authentic* (2013)
* *The FORCE* (2024)

## Filmography
### Movies
* Krush Groove - Himself (1985)
* Wildcats - Rapper (1986)
* The Hard Way - Detective Billy, NYPD (1991)
* Toys - Captain Patrick Zevo (1992)
* Out-of-Sync - Jason St. Julian (1995)
* The Right to Remain Silent - Charles Red Taylor (1996)
* B*A*P*S - Himself (1997)
* Caught Up - Roger (1998)
* Woo - Darryl (1998)
* Halloween H20: 20 Years Later - Ronald "Ronny" Jones (1998)
* Deep Blue Sea - Sherman "Preacher" Dudley (1999)
* In Too Deep - Dwayne Keith "God" Gittens (1999)
* Any Given Sunday - Julian "J-Man" Washington (1999)
* Charlie's Angels - Mr. Jones (2000)
* Kingdom Come - Ray Bud Slocumb (2001)
* Rollerball - Marcus Ridley (2002)
* Deliver Us from Eva - Raymond "Ray" Adams (2003)
* S.W.A.T. - Officer Deacon "Deke" Kaye (2003)
* Mindhunters - Gabe Jensen (2004)
* Edison - Officer Rafe Deed (2005)
* Slow Burn - Luther Pinks (2005)
* Last Holiday - Sean Williams (2006)
* The Man - Manny Baxter (2007)
* The Deal - Bobby Mason (2008)
* Grudge Match - Frankie Brite (2013)

### Television
* The Adventures of Pete & Pete - Pete's Teacher (1993)
* In the House - Marion Hill (1995–1999)
* All That - Himself (1998)
* Oz - Jiggy Walker (1998)
* House - Clarence (2005)
* 30 Rock - Ridikolus (2007)
* WWII in HD - Shelby Westbrook (2009) (voice)
* NCIS - Special Agent Sam Hanna (2009)
* NCIS: Los Angeles - Special Agent Sam Hanna (2009–2023)
* The Electric Company - Himself (2009–2011)
* Sesame Street - Himself (2011)
* Hawaii Five-0 - Special Agent Sam Hanna (2012)

## References
## Other websites
* Official website
*
The Little Mermaid II: Return to the Sea

***The Little Mermaid II: Return to the Sea*** is a 2000 American-Danish direct-to-video animated musical fantasy movie. It was produced by Leslie Hough and David Lovegren and was directed by Jim Kammerud and Brian Smith. It is the sequel to the 1989 movie *The Little Mermaid* and the final film in Disney's *Little Mermaid* series. *The Little Mermaid II: Return to the Sea* was released on September 19, 2000 in the North America. The movie about Ariel and Eric's daughter Melody who wants to swim in the ocean but her parents will not allow her to. It takes place over a decade after the original movie. A prequel, ''The Little Mermaid: Ariel's Beginning'', was released in 2008.

The movie holds a 33% rating on Rotten Tomatoes.

## Cast 
*Jodi Benson as Ariel
*Tara Charendoff as Melody
*Samuel E. Wright as Sebastian
*Pat Carroll as Morgana
*Rob Paulsen as Prince Eric
*Kenneth Mars as King Triton
*Cam Clarke as Flounder
*Buddy Hackett as Scuttle
*Clancy Brown as Undertow
*Max Casella as Tip
*Stephen Furst as Dash
*René Auberjonois as Chef Louis
*Edie McClurg as Carlotta
*Kay E. Kuter as Grimsby
*Tress MacNeille as Mother Penguin and Baby Penguin (uncredited)

In addition, there's the additional voices cast:
*Frank Welker as Max the Sheepdog
*Justin Schulte as Handsome Boy
*Blake Ewing as Boy #1
*Emily Hart as Mergirl
*Marcus Toji as Merboy #2

## References
## Other websites 
*Official website
*
Lin Junq-tzer

**Lin Junq-tzer** () is a politician in the Republic of China. He has been the Governor of Taiwan Province since 26 February 2010.

## Related pages
* Taiwan Province

## References
Taiwan Province

**Taiwan Province** () is one of the two provinces of the Republic of China. It makes up 73% of the land controlled by the Republic of China. 40% of the people in the Republic of China live in this province. The capital of the province is Chung Hsing New Village in Nantou County.

## Geography
The province is made up of most of the island of Taiwan, and also the Penghu islands. Even though the special municipalities of Kaoshiung, Tainan, New Taipei, and Taipei are all on Taiwan island, they are not part of Taiwan Province. 

## Government
The province has a Provincial Council with 9 members, led by a Governor of Taiwan Province. 

## Divisions
### Provincial cities
* Chiayi City
* Hsinchu City
* Keelung City

### Counties
* Changhua County
* Chiayi County
* Hsinchu County
* Hualien County
* Miaoli County
* Nantou County
* Penghu County
* Pingtung County
* Taitung County
* Taoyuan County
* Yilan County
* Yunlin County

## References 
## Other websites
* Taiwan Provincial Government official site 
* Local government structures  by the Department of Civil Affairs, Ministry of Interior, ROC
Scopes trial

The **Scopes trial** is formally known as *The State of Tennessee v. John Thomas Scopes*. It is also referred to as the **Scopes monkey trial**. It occurred in 1925 and is a famous court case in American history. 

## Background 
A substitute high school teacher, John Scopes, was accused of violating Tennessee's Butler Act. That law made it unlawful to teach human evolution in any state-funded school.  The trial was deliberately staged in order to attract publicity to the small town of Dayton, Tennessee, where it was held.  

Scopes was unsure whether he had ever actually taught evolution, but he purposely incriminated himself so that the case could have a defendant.   

## Conviction 
Scopes was found guilty and fined $100, but the verdict was overturned on a technicality. Nevertheless, the trial served its purpose of drawing intense national publicity. National reporters came to Dayton to cover the big-name lawyers who had agreed to represent each side. William Jennings Bryan, three-time presidential candidate, argued for the prosecution, while Clarence Darrow, the famed defense attorney, spoke for Scopes. 

## Impact 
The trial publicized the Fundamentalist–Modernist Controversy.  "Modernists" said evolution was not inconsistent with religion: a person could believe in both. Meanwhile, Fundamentalists said the word of God, as revealed in the Bible, took priority over all human knowledge (including evolution). The case was thus seen as both a theological contest and a trial on whether modern evolutionary biology should be taught in schools.

The Tennessee law was not repealed until 1967.

## References
Anne Shirley

**Dawn Evelyeen Paris** (also: **Anne Shirley**; April 17, 1918 – July 4, 1993) was an American movie actress. She played Jeanne in *Chasing Yesterday*. She also played Jenny Yates in *Chatterbox*. 

Under the name '''Dawn O'Day''', Shirley was a child actress.

Shirley was born in New York City. She died from lung cancer at age seventy-five.
Ch'eng Mao-yün

**Cheng Maoyun** (; 25 August 1900 – 31 July 1957) was a Chinese musician and a professor at National Central University and Hangzhou Societal University (杭州社會大學). He wrote the music of the "National Anthem of the Republic of China".

Chen was born in 1990 in Xinjian to a family of officials. He studied music in Jiangxi Provincial Higher Normal School. 

The official university song of the National Central University, now in Taiwan, was also composed by Cheng. 

## References
Colleen Dewhurst

**Colleen Dewhurst** (June 3, 1924 – August 22, 1991) was an American and Canadian actress. She played Helen Benson in *Man on a String*. She also played Monique in *The Last Run*. She was also a stage actress.

Dewhurst was born in Montreal, Quebec. She died in South Salem, New York of cervical cancer at the age of 67.
National Anthem of the Republic of China

The **national anthem of the Republic of China**, also unofficially known as ***Sān Mín Zhǔyì*** ('The Tridemism'), was originally created by a Sūn Yìxiān speech in 1924 and was set to music by Chéng Màoyún a few years later when the Guómíndǎng adopted new a new flag  and emblem. The anthem was later adopted for the Republic of China in 1937, then officially in 1943. A bit later, when the Japanese surrendered, this song became official in the island of Taiwan. When the communists took control of the mainland in 1949, repelling the nationalists to Taiwan, this anthem became banned in the mainland but continues to be in use in Taiwan to this day alongside the national banner anthem.

## References
Paper plane

A **paper plane** is a toy airplane made from paper. The paper is folded in a certain way so that the folded paper actually glides. This is a form of origami; the Japanese art of paper folding. Paper planes were used originally for testing real airplanes. Today the making of paper planes is a hobby and a craft.

Takuo Toda holds the world record for the longest time in air (27.9 seconds).  The distance record () was set by Joe Ayoob, with a plane constructed by John Collins, in February 2012. It was broken on the 14th of April 2022 by 3 South Korean men with a distance of 77 metres.

## References 
## Further reading
*
Fluvial terrace

**Fluvial terrace** is an abandoned floodplain with a long, narrow stairs that were formed when the river flowed at a higher level than at present. Fluvial terraces consist of two parts; a tread, which is the flat surface at the upper side of fluvial terrace, and a scarp, which is the steep slope connecting the tread to the downside. 

## Classification 
Fluvial terraces are divided into Rock terraces or gravel terraces according to structure materials. They are classified as Tectonic terraces or Climate terraces depending on how they were formed.

Erosional terraces are terraces where the tread has been formed primarily by lateral erosion. During a low water level stage, fine sediment is deposited and coarse sediment is deposited at the end of a high water event. When the river reaches its highest level, it moves all the channel sediment and scours the underlying bedrock before coarse detritus is deposited again on the channel floor.

Depositional terraces are terraces where the tread represents the surface of a valley fill. Valley filling occurs when the amount of sediment produced in a basin is more than the river system can carry away. It is usually triggered by glacial outwash, climate change, or change in base level, slope, or load caused by rising water level. Depositional terraces are climatically controlled. Erosional terraces are tectonically controlled..

## References
Iditarod

s at the start of the race in 2010]]
The **Iditarod** is the world’s most famous dog sled race. It is an annual race that starts on the first Saturday of March in Anchorage, Alaska and ends in Nome, Alaska.  The race crosses the Alaska Range and Kuskokwim Mountains range.  The contestants in the race go northwest from Anchorage. Then they turn north and go along the Bering Sea to Nome.  On even years they take the route that goes more north and on odd years they take the route that goes more south. White Mountain is the last of three rest stops for teams in the race. 

Iditarod is an endurance sport for the sled driver and the dogs. All the paths are cold, icy, and snowy.

The current way the Iditarod is run today started in 1973.  There were also shorter races that started in 1967. The first shorter race took place in the years from 1967 - 1973.  The shorter races were held on the Iditarod trail which was an old mail route.

Deaths of sled dogs: 3 sled dogs died during the race in 2024.

Each team has to keep moving for .

12 to 16 dogs are in the race.

## Related pages
*Finnmarksløpet 2024

## References 
* "Nature." Sled Dogs: An Alaskan Epic. Web. 12 May 2014. 
* Nightingale, Dave. "Iditarod." World Book Student. World Book, 2014. Web. 1 Apr. 2014. 
* "Race Across Alaska." Weekly Reader-3 (Vol. 74, No. 19). Feb. 25 2005: 2+. SIRS Discoverer. Web. 01 Apr. 2014.
Carroll O'Connor

'''John Carroll O'Connor** (or just **Carroll O'Connor'*; August 2, 1924 – June 21, 2001) was an American actor. He played Archie Bunker in *All in the Family* and *Archie Bunker's Place*. He also played Major General Colt in the movie *Kelly's Heroes''. 

O'Connor was born in Manhattan, New York City. He died from complications of diabetes at 76.
Mikaela Shiffrin

**Mikaela Pauline Shiffrin** (born March 13, 1995) is an American skier. Her first time at the Winter Olympic Games was during the 2014 Winter Olympics at Sochi, Russia. In those games, she won a gold medal in the Slalom at an age of 18 years and 345 days. Shiffrin is the youngest gold medalist in the Slalon in Olympic history. Before the 2014 Olympics, Mikaela had competed in other national and international competitions. 

## Early life
Mikaela Shiffrin was born on March 13, 1995 in Vail, Colorado. Her father, Jeff, skied at Dartmouth College. Her mother, Eileen, came from a Massachusetts family who loved skiing. Later that year she joined another international competition and got a gold medal in slalom. At the 2026 Winter Olympics, Shiffrin won her second gold medal in the slalom.

## Personal life
In 2021, Shiffrin started dating Norwegian ski racer Aleksander Aamodt Kilde. On April 4, 2024, Kilde and Shiffrin said they were engaged.

## References 
## Other websites
*
Gayageum

The ***gayageum*** or ***kayagum*** is a traditional Korean zither-like string instrument. It has 12 strings, though some more recent variants have 21 or other numbers of strings. It is probably the best known traditional Korean musical instrument. Its body is made of Paulownia wood.

## History 
According to Samguksagi ( the three kingdoms history book), the first gayageum was made for King Gasil in the 6th century. This was after he observed a Chinese musical instrument. He ordered a musician named Wu Ruk to compose music for this new instrument. The original name was *gayago*. It was further improved by Wu Ruk.

## Construction 
There are two types. The *beobgeum gayageum* is 160cm long by 30cm wide by 10cm deep. Its body is made of a single piece of paulownia wood. The resonator chamber is hollowed out of the wood body. It is used in court music.

The *sanjo gayageum* is about 142cm long by 23cm wide by 10cm deep. The soundboard is made of paulownia, but the sides and back are of a harder wood such as chestnut or walnut. It is used in folk music.

## Technique 
The player usually sits cross-legged. The gayageum is played put on the player’s knee (usually the right knee). One hand plucks the strings to make a sound. The other hand decorates the sound by pressing, shaking, and vibrating the strings. 

## References 
## Other websites 
* Gayageum, Doosan Encyclopedia
Legal guardian

The goal of a **legal guardian** is to protect a person who cannot make decisions on their own.  The legal guardian makes decisions for the person who needs protection.  Usually, a legal guardian has to be appointed (chosen) by a court.  Before a court appoints a guardian for a person, it first has to decide that the person is incompetent (unable to make decisions on their own).

A court may choose a legal guardian for a minor child (a child under a certain age) in many different situations:

* If a child has no parents or other adults who are willing to take care of the child 
* If a child's parents die 
* If a child's parents lose custody of the child.  (This happens when a court decides that the parents are not able to take care of the child.  For example, if a parent hurts their child, or does not care for them properly, they may lose custody.) 
* If a court decides that a child's parents are incompetent (unable to make decisions on their own)

A court may also choose a legal guardian for an adult.  This happens when the court decides the adult is incompetent.  The court appoints a legal guardian to help protect the incompetent person (who is called a ward).  The legal guardian then has the right to make legal decisions for the ward.  In Massachusetts, a court can appoint a Rogers Guardian, who can only make decisions about their ward's psychiatric (mental health) medicines.  The ward still has the right to make any other decisions that are not about medications.  In other states, like Pennsylvania, a court can appoint a plenary guardian, who has the right to make all decisions for the ward.  The ward has no right to make any important decisions for himself or herself.

## References
Abbott Laboratories

The **Abbott Laboratories** are an American pharmaceuticals and health care company. They have 90,000+ employees in over 130 countries. The headquarters are in North Chicago, Illinois. This organization was established by Wallace Calvin Abbott in 1888. Abbott's product line includes pharmaceuticals, nutritional, diagnostics, and vascular products. 

The company has made drugs for rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes and other conditions. The company makes glucose monitoring devices for diabetics.

According to the Reuters report, Abbott acquired Alere for $4.48 billion, in April 2017.

In September 2017,  Abbott announced that it has received Food and Drug Administration clearance for a consumer version of its Freestyle Libre flash glucose monitor, which does not require people with diabetes to routinely prick their fingers to check the glucose levels.

## Drugs
**Selsun Blue*

## References
Archie Bunker

**Archibald "Archie" Bunker** is a fictional New Yorker of the 1970s top rated situation comedy *All in the Family*. Also its related TV show ''Archie Bunker's Place''. He was played by actor Carroll O'Connor. Bunker, the family patriarch, was a World War II veteran and blue-collar worker. He was a family man and a conservative. He was first seen when *All in the Family* premiered on January 12, 1971.

## References
Peg + Cat

***Peg + Cat*** is an animated children's television series based on the children's book *The Chicken Problem*, which was published in 2012. The series is created by Billy Aronson and Jennifer Oxley. The series focuses on a young girl named Peg and her talking pet Scottish Fold cat, named Cat. The show teaches the viewer math.  Peg and Cat's adventures often relate to math. Peg speaks directly to the viewers and encourages them to follow along with the episode's plot.

It started on most PBS Kids stations on November 18, 2013. It has a voice cast which includes Hayley Faith Negrin, Dwayne Hill, Annick Obonsawin and Thamela Mpumlwana. In June 2016, the spin-off of Peg + Cat, titled Hard Stuff with Frances Jackson was to be announced. The spin-off premiered on October 11, 2017.

## References
Albert Pujols

**José Alberto Pujols Alcántara** (also known as **Albert Pujols**) is a star baseball player from the Dominican Republic.    

## Early life 
Pujols was born on January 16, 1980 in Santo Domingo, the capital of the Dominican Republic.  When he was 16, Pujols's family moved to Missouri.  He learned English at Fort Osage High School and later studied to be an American citizen.   

## Baseball career 
He went to Maple Woods Community College and posted a .461 on-base average (which means he got on base 461 times out of every 1,000 at-bats).   

At age 19, Pujols was drafted by the St. Louis Cardinals.  He was a very low draft pick (402nd in the 13th round of the draft).  He played his first season with one of the Cardinals' minor league teams, the Peoria Chiefs.  

After one full season with the Chiefs, Pujols got onto the Cardinals' roster after a teammate got injured.  Later two of the Cardinals' best players also got injured, and Pujols became a regular player.  In his first season with the Cardinals, he had 130RBIs and 37 home runs, and posted a .329 on-base average.  He won the Rookie of the Year Award, earning every vote.

## Awards 
In 2002, Pujols was the runner-up for the Most Valuable Player Award, and the Cardinals reached the National League Championship Series.

In 2005, the Baseball Writers of America voted Pujols the National League's Most Valuable Player.

In 2006, the Cardinals won the World Series.  Pujols was also named to the National League All-Star Team that year.  

Since 2006, Pujols has won many awards, like the Players' Choice Most Outstanding Player Award, the Players' Choice Player of the Year Award, and the National League Home Run Award.

## References 
* "Pujols, Albert." Compton's by Britannica. 01 Aug. 2011: n.p. SIRS Discoverer. Web. 01 Apr. 2014.
* Petruso, A. "Albert Pujols." Newsmakers. Detroit: Gale, 2005. Biography in Context. Web. 1 Apr. 2014.
Executive Yuan

The **Executive Yuan** (**EY**; ) is the executive branch of the government of the Republic of China (ROC).

## Organization and structure
 and Executive Yuan Ministers]]

It is led by the Premier of the ROC. It has a Vice-Premier and eleven cabinet ministers. It also has from five to nine ministers without portfolio as its members. The vice premier, ministers, and chairpersons are chosen by the President of the ROC. This is on the recommendation of the premier.

It was started in 1948. The EY is one of the five branches of government of the ROC under their constitution.

## References 
## Other websites
* Official website 
* Official website
Youth in Action

*Youth in Action* is a European program that lasted from 2007 until 2013 labeled for young people in order to help make a shared European mindset where young people from different countries could enhance active citizenship as well as a shared cultural European history. It was made of 5 main actions under which several projects are done by local supporters who show their projects to their national agency.

Allowed participants were young people who are between 13 and 30 years old. Other people could be part of this too. Older youth workers who are part of European youth events and are citizens of a European Union country could be part of the program. Source

The program was given a budget of 885 million euros. Analysis of the program published in 2011 showed that in the years 2007-2009, more than 380,000 people took part in the different actions. Only 21,800 projects received a grant among 42,700 submissions.

## References 
http://ec.europa.eu/youth/tools/youth-in-action_en.htm
http://eacea.ec.europa.eu/youth/index_en.php 
http://www.britishcouncil.org/youth-in-action
Kazu Kibuishi

**Kazu Kibuishi** is the writer and artist of *Copper*, a comic strip. He also wrote Amulet which is a series of graphic novels which are like comic books. He was born 1978, in Tokyo, Japan. He moved to the United States in 1982. He lives in Alhambra, California. He has a degree in film studies from the University of California. He is married to Amy Kim Ganter who is a comic book artist and illustrator.

He is a writer, editor, illustrator, art director, comic book artist, graphic novelist, producer, and animator. He's an animator at Shaded Box which is an animation, commercial, and video game studio. Animators make movies and cartoons. 

*Copper* follows the quests of an intelligent dog and his owner in a world of steampunk technology and fiction. The series continues to appear on the Internet and gains him quite a few fans.

## References
* Kazu Kibuishi." Contemporary Authors Online. Detroit: Gale, 2009. Biography in Context. Web. 1 Apr. 2014
* Bolt City. Web. 1 Apr. 2014.
Aztec mythology

**Aztec mythology** is the mythology of the Aztec civilization in Mexico. The Aztec Empire lasted from the 14th century until the Spanish took over in 1521. 

The Aztecs used mythology as a basis and built upon it to establish a working and advanced society. They also took some ideas from the Toltec and Mayans to create their advanced culture.  

## Beliefs 
The Aztecs believed the universe went through four phases. They called them suns. They believed that they lived in the fifth sun. The gods ended each sun with a huge tragedy and then created a new world. 

In the first sun, the world was destroyed by jaguars. In the second, the world was destroyed by a storm. In the third sun, the earth was destroyed by a fire rain. At the end of the fourth, the world was destroyed by a huge flood. They believed that the fifth sun would end with a huge earthquake.

The Aztecs were polytheistic. This means they worshipped many gods and goddesses, like Huitzilopochtli, Tezcatlipoca, and Xochiquetzal. 

### Human sacrifices 
To honor their gods, the Aztecs made human sacrifices. There were three parts of the body that they considered the most powerful: the head, the heart, and the liver. 

## References 
*Leonard, Scott A. "Mythology." World Book Advanced. World Book, 2014. Web.  1 Apr. 2014.
*Carrasco, Davíd. "Aztec." World Book Advanced. World Book, 2014. Web.  1 Apr. 2014.
Ruby Bridges

**Ruby Nell Bridges Hall** (born September 8, 1954) is an American activist. She is known for being the first black child to attend an all-white elementary school in the South. She went to William Frantz Elementary School, in Louisiana, USA.

## Early life 
Ruby Bridges was born in Tylertown, Mississippi to Abon and Lucille Bridges. When she was 4 years old, the family moved to New Orleans, Louisiana. In 1960, when she was 6 years old, her parents allowed her to participate in the integration of the New Orleans School system.

## Integration 
In a 1954 decision, Brown v. Board of Education, the U.S. Supreme Court made racial segregation illegal. Ruby was chosen to attend the all-white William Frantz Elementary School. The school board said black children could attend the first grade if they passed a test. Bridges passed a test. On her first day of school four U.S. Marshals had to go with her to school. She went straight to the principal's office.She sat in the principal's office all day.  Angry crowds of parents shouted threats at her. For the next six months the marshals took her to and from her school. Ruby never missed a day of school that year.

## Adult life 
She finished elementary school and graduated from high school. Bridges went on to become a travel agent for American Express. Mrs. Ruby Bridges got married to Malcolm Hall and had four sons.

In 1999, she wrote a children's book, "Through My Eyes", telling her story and what she went through. She was one of 28 to receive the medal that day.

## References 
## Other websites 
* The Ruby Bridges Foundation 
* Ruby Bridges, Webpage
Premier of the Republic of China

The **President of the Executive Yuan** (), commonly known as the **Premier of the Republic of China** (sometimes as *Prime Minister*) (), is the head of the Executive Yuan. The Executive Yuan is the executive branch of the government of the Republic of China (ROC). It controls Taiwan, Penghu, Matsu, and Kinmen. The premier is appointed by the President of the Republic of China.

## References
Zhongzheng District

**Zhongzheng District** is a local government area of Taipei City, in the Republic of China. 

Many national government buildings of the Republic of China are in this district. Some are the Presidential office building, the Executive Yuan building and other government agency buildings.

This district is named after the former President of the Republic of China, Chiang Kai-shek.

## References
National Chiang Kai-shek Memorial Hall

The **National Chiang Kai-shek Memorial Hall** is a famous memorial in Taipei, Republic of China. It was built for the late President of the Republic of China Chiang Kai-shek. It is located in Taipei's Zhongzheng District. The monument is in a park.

There is a library and museum in the monument. It has books and artefacts about Chiang's life and the history of the Republic of China. 

## Gallery

Image:CKS_Memorial_Hall_Taipei.jpg|Aerial view of the Memorial Hall
Image:EntranceChiangKaiShek.JPG|Historical view of front gate, prior to renaming
Image:Interior of Chiang Kai-shek Memorial Hall.jpg|The lower level exhibition area
Image:ChiangKaiShek-MemorialHall-LanternFestival.jpg|Taipei Lantern Festival festivities on the square (2004)
Image:ChiangKai-shek MemorialHall PeripheralParks.jpg|Gardens in the grounds of the Memorial Hall
Image:Chiang Kai-shek Memorial Hall - Door knocker.jpg|Door knocker on a lower level entrance

## References
National Palace Museum

The **National Palace Museum** () is a museum in Shilin, Taipei, Republic of China. It is one of the national museums of the Republic of China. It has nearly 700,000 pieces of ancient Chinese artifacts and artworks. It is one of the largest museums in the world. Most things in the collection are high quality pieces collected by China's ancient emperors.

## Gallery

Image:National_Palace_Museum_Front_View.jpg|Paifang of the National Palace Museum.
Image:Huabiao_National_Palace_Museum_Taipei.jpg|Huabiao in front of the National Palace Museum.
Image:National_Palace_Museum_RightSide_Lion.JPG|Chinese guardian lions in front of the Museum.
Image:ZhiShanGardenTaipei.jpg|Zhishan Garden   
Image:Jade_cabbage_closeup.jpg|The Jadeite Cabbage
Image:Meat-Shaped Stone Gathering of Treasures 1.jpg|The Meat-shaped Stone length
File:National palace museum-ming dynasty-sitting buddha.jpg|A Ming Dynasty statue of Buddhist deity, Guanyin.

## References
Grandaddy

**Grandaddy** is an American indie rock band formed in California in 1992 by singer/guitarist/keyboardist Jason Lytle, bassist Kevin Garcia, and drummer Aaron Burtch.

## History 
Complex Party Come Theories is their first work.  After that, they got new guitarist Jim Fairchild and keyboardist Tim Dryden. They released EP A Pretty Mess By This One Band in 1996, and their first full-length album Under The Western Freeway in 1997. “Summer Here Kids”, one of the songs in Under The Western Freeway,  earned Single of the Week honors in NME. In 2000, in Sophftware Slump, they created vintage, electronic, drift-off music. In , Concrete Dunes was released, without the band's permission. In 2003, the group released another album, Sumday, and received good reviews. In 2006, Just Like the Fambly Cat was released. 

After the album, the band broke up in 2005. They did not do Just Like the Fambly Cat tour concert. The band was utterly content and happy about the decision to end Grandaddy. In the song 'Elevate Myself', he says "I don't wanna work all night and day. On writing songs that make the young girls cry." Other members all worked in their own field, but Jim Fairchild was still working with music. He joined a guitarist in Modest Mouse tour, and he released his first solo album, Ten Readings of a Warning. In 2012, the band reunited for Outside Lands Festival in San Francisco. In the same year, they played in End of the Road Festival.  No album has been released since then. 

In an interview, Jason Lytle tell why the band name got their name Grandaddy; They realized that they are too ugly to seduce young women, so they try to appeal to old women, just like Morrissey. Birds frequently appear in their album cover, because birds are beautiful and colorful, and they can sing.

## Style 
Grandaddy's music has features in the late 90s lo-fi indie rock. Their music has the catchy melodies that they are able to create with the synths and distorted guitars. Most of their musics are slow and emotional. Also, they used electronics. Their lyrics are mostly vague and abstract, but inventive. The album's most enduring image is a man sipping a beer and strumming an acoustic guitar in quiet, beautiful countryside. The Sophtware Slump is generally regarded as the band's masterpiece, but other albums like Under the Western Freeway are popular, too.

## References
Riau

**Riau** is a province of Indonesia. It is on the central eastern coast of Sumatra. Its capital city is Pekanbaru. Riau is rich in natural resources. It has petroleum, natural gas, rubber, and palm oil.

## References
Pekanbaru

**Pekanbaru** (Jawi: **ڤكنبارو**) is the capital city of Riau province, Indonesia. It is the third largest city on the island of Sumatra. It has an area of . As of 2014 about 1,030,732 people live there. Pekanbaru has several industries. It exports palm oil, paper and crude oil.

## References
Nash the Slash

**Jeff Plewman** (March 26, 1948 &ndash; May 10, 2014), better known by his stage name **Nash the Slash**, was a Canadian singer-songwriter and musician.  He was best known for being the founding member of the progressive rock band FM and performing with British musician Gary Numan. He was also a multi-instrumentalist who played mostly the electric violin and mandolin, as well as harmonica, keyboards, glockenspiel, and other instruments.

Nash's musical trademark was his face being covered in surgical bandages. He got the name "Nash the Slash" by using the name of the main antagonist of the Laurel and Hardy silent movie *Do Detectives Think?* (1927).

Nash was born in Toronto, Ontario. In 1998, he revealed that he was gay at Toronto's Pride Week. He retired in 2012.

Nash died on the weekend of May 10, 2014 at his home in Toronto, aged 66. The cause of his death was a suspected heart attack.

## References
## Other websites
* 
*
Jean Fritz

**Jean Guttery Fritz** (16 November 1915 &ndash; 14 May 2017)  was an American children's writer and historian. Her parents were Arthur Minton and Myrtle Guttery. They were missionaries. Missionaries are people who  set out on a mission to teach others about their religion.

## Early life
Fritz lived in China until she was 13 years old. She learned to speak Chinese before she learned English. In 1928 the family returned to the United States. It was about her own childhood experiences in China. After writing the book she visited China.

## Publication of Fritz' books
She started writing her books in the 1950s. Fritz knows much about happenings around the world.

## Works
* Homesick: My Own Story       (Puffin, 1982 . Paperback)
* China homecoming             (Putnam, 1985 . Hardcover)
* China's Long March           (Putnam, 1988 . Hardcover) 
* The Cabin Faced West     (Puffin, 1987 . Paperback. Hardcover.)
* Brady                    (Puffin, 1988 . Paperback)
* Early Thunder            (Puffin, 1987 . Paperback.)

## References 
## Other websites
* "Jean (Guttery) Fritz." Major Authors and Illustrators for Children and Young Adults. Detroit: Gale, 2002. Biography in Context. Web. 1 Apr. 2014.
* Hurst, Carol O. "Jean Fritz." Carol Hurst's Children's Literature Site. Ed. Rebecca Otis. Dec. 1998. Web. 1 Apr. 2014
Martha Hyer

**Martha Hyer** (August 10, 1924 &ndash; May 31, 2014) was an American movie actress. She was known for her roles in *The Best of Everything* (1959), *Ice Palace* (1960), *Desire in the Dust* (1960), *The Carpetbaggers* (1964), *First Men in the Moon* (1964), *Blood on the Arrow* (1964), *The Sons of Katie Elder* (1965), and *The Night of the Grizzly* (1966).

Hyer died in Santa Fe, New Mexico from natural causes, aged 89.

## References
## Other websites
*
*
*
Mario Missiroli

**Mario Missiroli** (13 March 1934 – 19 May 2014) was an Italian stage, television and movie director. He was known for his works *La bella di Lodi* (1963), *Delitto e castigo* (1983) and *Family Portrait* (1962). He was nominated for a Silver Ribbon for his work in *Family Portrait* (1962).

Missiroli died in Turin, Italy from an illness, aged 80.

## References
## Other websites
* 
*
Shilin District

**Shilin District** is a district of Taipei, Republic of China. It is a residential district, and famous residents include the late Chiang Kai-shek, former President of the Republic of China. The district is divided into 51 villages (里), which are further divided up into 987 villages (鄰).

The culture of Taipei is said to be started in Shilin district.

## Education
Shilin has three universities: Ming Chuan University, Soochow University, and the Chinese Culture University. Some international schools, like the Taipei American School, Taipei Japanese School, and Taipei European School are in this district. The district is also has vocational colleges, four senior high schools, eight junior high schools, and twenty elementary schools.

## References
## Other websites
* Shilin District Office, Taipei City
West Coast Conference

The **West Coast Conference** (WCC) is a college sports conference (group of sports teams that play against each other) in the western United States. There are many sports in the conference. The conference does not have football, and only one of its current members has a football team.

The WCC began in 1952 when five schools in and around the San Francisco Bay Area formed the California Basketball Association. The league was then called the West Coast Athletic Conference from 1956 to 1989.

All 10 of its current members were founded by churches. Eight of the colleges are Catholic schools. Only the University of the Pacific, which was started by Methodists, no longer gets money from a church.

## Members 
### Current 
The WCC currently has 10 members, all located in West Coast states. Gonzaga will leave in 2026 for the Pac-12 Conference.

### Future 
Two schools will join the WCC in the near future, one in 2026 and the other in 2027.

### Associate members
The WCC has eight "associate members". Five play one sport in the conference, and one plays two sports. All are full members of other Division I conferences except Augusta, an NCAA Division II member that fields Division I teams in men's and women's golf. The others are Oregon State and Washington State, which were left behind by the collapse of the Pac-12 Conference in 2024. They are housing most of their sports in the WCC through the 2025–26 school year. After that time, the Pac-12 will resume play with seven new members, among them current WCC member Gonzaga.

#### Current 
## References
*
Ride (band)

**Ride** was a British shoegazing band from Oxford. 

Ride was formed in 1988 by Mark Gardener, Andy Bell and Laurence Colbert. The named the band 'Ride' because of the evocation of travel and after the Ride cymbal. The band was a part of the "shoegazing" scene that happened in England during the early 1990s. They broke up in 1996 because of tension in the band. After their breakup, the former members decided to work on other projects. Andy Bell would become the bassist for Oasis. 

Their debut album *Nowhere* was ranked #74 on Pitchfork Media's list of *Top 100 Albums of the 1990s* and was also added to the book *1001 Albums You Must Hear Before You Die*. The single "Vapour Trail" was ranked #145 on Pitchfork Media's list of *Top 200 Tracks of the 90s*.

## Discography 
### Albums
**Nowhere* (1990)
**Going Blank Again* (1992)
**Carnival of Light* (1994)
**Tarantula* (1996)

## References
## Other websites
*Official website
Rye, New York

**Rye** is a city in Westchester County, New York, United States. Rye was a town before it became a city in 1942. The population was 16,592 at the 2020 census.

## References
Gracie Gold

**Gracie Gold** (born August 17, 1995) is an American figure skater.

## Childhood 
Gracie Gold was born on August 17, 1995 in Newton, Massachusetts. When she was four years old her family moved to Springfield, Illinois. At a skating birthday party when she was eight years old, she began to try figure skating. After that party she signed up for lessons. She was a natural; she soon was landing double axels. 

## Before Olympics and other competitions 
After a while her hard work wasn't paying off. She kept getting low scores! Around a year before the Sochi, Olympics Gracie's relationship with her coach, Alex Ouriashev had completely crumbled. A little while after that Gracie switched coaches. She switched to Frank Carroll and this switch took her mother and sister Carly Gold with her to Hermosa Beach, Los Angeles. Frank Carroll’s experience with coaching other Olympians like Evan Lysacek, Michelle Kwan, Tim Goebel, Linda Fratianne and Denis Ten helped and inspired Gracie. Going to the Olympics gave a lot of stress to her. She would stress about being an Olympian and would stress out about  all of the mistakes she would make in practice. Sometimes to calm down Gracie would juggle. She had to learn how to relax while doing her triple axels and how to save a jump if she started off wrong. Gracie also had to learn how to make her performance still look good to the judges, even after a fall. Later, after all of this training Gracie was ready to compete in competitions like the Midwestern sectional, The U.S. Championships, and the U.S. International Classic. In almost all of her later competitions she did better than the firsts. This helped her earn her spot in the 2014 Sochi, Olympics. 

## Sochi, Olympics 
Gracie got a bronze medal from the Olympics, she got this from the team event. In the Ladies free skate, and short program she was placed fourth. Gracie is eager to return to Olympic Ice in the 2018 Winter Olympics. 

## References 
* Hersh, Philip. "A Brave New World for Gold." Chicago Tribune. 19 Feb. 2014: 12. SIRS Discoverer. Web. 06 May. 2014.
* "Gracie Gold." Gale Biography in Context. Detroit: Gale, 2013. Biography in Context. Web. 6 May 2014