open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Bill Torrey

**William Arthur Torrey** (June 23, 1934 – May 2, 2018) was a Canadian hockey executive. He served as a general manager in the National Hockey League for the Oakland Seals, New York Islanders, and Florida Panthers. He owned the Islands when they won four Stanley Cups.  He was often known as "The Architect," and "Bow-Tie" Bill, after the signature bow tie he always wore.

Torrey was elected to the Hockey Hall of Fame in 1995.

Torrey died at his home in West Palm Beach, Florida, on the evening of May 2, 2018, aged 83.

## References
Tony Cucchiara

**Tony Cucchiara**, stage name of **Salvatore Cucchiara** (30 October 1937 – 3 May 2018) was an Italian folk singer-songwriter,  playwright and composer. In 1970 Cucchiara debuted as a playwright with a musical titled *Cassandra 2000*. His first hit was the song " Annalisa", named after Cucchiara's first daughter. This song was used as closing theme of the RAI variety show *Alta pressione*.

Cucchiara died in Rome on 3 May 2018 at the age of 80.

## References
## Other websites
*
Afonso Dhlakama

**Afonso Marceta Macacho Dhlakama** (1 January 1953 – 3 May 2018) was a Mozambican politician. He was the leader of RENAMO, an anti-communist guerrilla movement from 1979 to 2018. He fought the FRELIMO government in the Mozambican Civil War before signing a peace agreement. Dhlakama became the opposition leader in the early 1990s. Dhlakama was born in Muxúngue, Sofala Province.

Dhlakama died on 3 May 2018 in Muxúngue of a heart attack at the age of 65.

## References
## Other websites
*Special Report on Mozambique Elections by the Carter Center 
*Final Report of the European Union Election Observation Mission
Khorramshahr

**Khorramshahr** () is a port city in the south of Iran. It is on the northern tip of the Persian Gulf, on the Karun river.

## References
Isabela Garcia

**Isabela Garcia Costa** (born June 11, 1967 in Rio de Janeiro) is a Brazilian actress.

Because of her incredible resemblance to Shirley Temple in her childhood years, Garcia was evidently destined to be an actress. At just four years she made her debut in a telenovela. In 1976 it appeared for the first time on the big screen. 1980 was the year of the debut of Isabela, in the telenovela *Água Viva*, where she played Maria Helena, the tender orphan girl of a mother who enters the lives of all the characters of the story. Garcia was the daughter of a radio actor.

In 1986 she was in the cast of *Anos Dourados* and *Roda de Fogo*. In *Bebê a Bordo*, Isabela played the lead, Ana. The novel was a great success and the actress was the highlight of the year 1988. In the following novels, *O Sexo dos Anjos* (1989) and *Lua Cheia de Amor* (1990), Isabela played leading paerts.

In 1993, she played the villain Lúcia Guerra in *Sonho Meu*. In the miniseries *Labirinto*, 1998, her character was the fun Yoyô socialite. In 2003, Isabela returned to be in evidence with the character Eliete, of *Celebridade*.

In 2007, Isabela won the Friends of Best Supporting Actress Award for her performance in the novel *Paraíso Tropical*. In 2012 he acted in *Lado a Lado*. 

Isabela is the daughter of Dirce Prieto and of the radioactor Gilberto Garcia, who died in 1996. She has three brothers Gilberto, Ricardo and Rosana Garcia, actress, performer of the famous Narizinho of *Sítio do Picapau Amarelo*.

## References
## Other websites 
*
Plastic pollution

]]

**Plastic pollution** is when there is a lot of plastic in the environment and it negatively affects animals, animal habitats or people. Many things are made of plastic because it is inexpensive and durable. Most plastics will not biodegrade, so they stay in the environment for a long time. That results in a lot of plastic pollution in the environment.

## References
L
Pierre-Louis Maupertuis

**Pierre Louis Moreau de Maupertuis** (; ; 1698 – 27 July 1759) was a French mathematician, philosopher and man of letters. He became the Director of the Académie des Sciences, and the first President of the Prussian Academy of Science, at the invitation of Frederick the Great.

Maupertuis made an expedition to Lapland to determine the shape of the Earth. He is often credited with having invented the principle of least action; a version is known as Maupertuis's principle – an integral equation that determines the path followed by a physical system. His work in natural history is interesting in relation to modern science, since he touched on aspects of heredity and the struggle for life.

## References
Matthew Webb

Captain **Matthew Webb** (19 January 1848 – 24 July 1883) was the first recorded person to swim the English Channel without the use of artificial aids for sport purpose. On 25 August 1875, Webb swam from Dover to Calais in less than 22 hours. Webb attempet to swim the Niagra River on August 24, 1883 but died near the entrance to the whirlpool.

## References
Magnosaurus

***Magnosaurus*** (meaning 'large lizard') was a theropod dinosaur from the Middle Jurassic of England.  The main species, *Magnosaurus nethercombensis* has poorly preserved remains. It has often been confused with or included in *Megalosaurus*.

In 1923, German paleontologist Friedrich von Huene named *Megalosaurus nethercombensis* from a partial skeleton. It was found in the nineteenth century by W. Parker in Dorset. Fossils came from a possible juvenile individual.  Huene interpreted it as a more primitive species of *Megalosaurus*.

The remains are just a few fragments. Details of its anatomical features are unknown. It would have been a bipedal carnivore of moderate size for a dinosaur. 

## References
CGP Grey

**CGP Grey** is an American-Irish podcaster and educational YouTuber. He created the podcast Hello Internet with educational YouTuber Brady Haran. Since 2015, he has also hosted the audio podcast Cortex with Myke Hurley of Relay FM. In addition to podcast production, Grey is known for posting on YouTube under the channel CGP Grey. His YouTube channel mainly features short explanatory videos on varying subjects, including politics, geography, economics, history, culture, and death. The channel's most popular video is an explanation of the terminology of the British Isles. Grey's videos have been covered by several publications, including Business Insider and The Washington Post.

## References
Chuandongocoelurus

***Chuandongocoelurus*** is a tetanuran theropod dinosaur from the Jurassic of China.

## Discovery and naming 
The type species *Chuandongocoelurus primitivus* was first described and named by Chinese paleontologist He Xinlu in 1984.

The thighbone of *C. primitivus* has a length of 20.1 cm.

## References
## Other websites
* Details on *Chuandongocoelurus*, from the Dinosaur Mailing List (includes full redescription)
Wolfgang Völz

**Wolfgang Otto Völz** (16 August 1930 – 2 May 2018) was a German actor. He was born in Free City of Danzig.

He was known for his roles in theatre plays, television shows, feature movies (especially German movies based on Edgar Wallace works) and taped radio shows. He was also a very prolific voice actor.

He dubbed American stars such as Walter Matthau, Peter Falk and Mel Brooks and people or animals in animated movies like ''Impy's Island''.

Völz died at his home in Berlin at the age of 87.

## References 
## Other websites 
*
Donald McHenry

**Donald Franchot McHenry** (born October 13, 1936) is a former American diplomat. He was the United States Ambassador and Permanent Representative to the United Nations from September 1979 until January 20, 1981.

McHenry was born in St. Louis, Missouri, and grew up across the river in East St. Louis, Illinois.

In September 1979, McHenry was appointed Ambassador and U.S. Permanent Representative to the U.N. by President Jimmy Carter.

He has been a director of The Coca-Cola Company since 1981, as well as a former director of AT&T Corporation and International Paper.
Herman Krebbers

**Herman Krebbers** (18 June 1923 &ndash; 2 May 2018) was a Dutch violinist. He was born in Hengelo, Overijssel. In 1943 the 19-year-old violinist debuted with the Royal Concertgebouw Orchestra and eventually became the Orchestra's Concertmaster in 1962. In parallel he led a career as a soloist and a chamber musician.  

## References
Abi Ofarim

**Abi Ofarim**, born **Avraham Reichstadt** (5 October 1937 – 4 May 2018) was an Israeli singer, musician and dancer. He was born in Safed, Mandatory Palestine. In 1961, he married Esther Ofarim, his musical duo. Their greatest success in Germany came the next year with "Morning of my Life", written by the Bee Gees. In 1968 "Cinderella Rockefella" hit the top of the charts in a number of countries including the UK.

Ofarim died on 4 May 2018 at the age of 80.

## References
Henryk Skolimowski

**Henryk Skolimowski** (4 May 1930 &ndash; 6 April 2018) is a Polish philosopher. He completed technical studies, musicology and philosophy in Warsaw. He received his Ph.D. in philosophy from Oxford University. He was born in Warsaw. During decades of travel and involvement with leading thinkers across the globe, Skolimowski became familiar a great variety of cultures, and has included winning precepts from them into his works.

In the years 1992-1997 Skolimowski held the position of Chair of Eco-Philosophy at Technical University of Lodz, the first such position of its kind in the world.

Skolimowski died on 6 April 2018 in Warsaw at the age of 87.

## References
## Other websites
* http://www.ecophilosophy.org  The Eco-philosophy Centre website
* Google Books
* Google Scholar
Reece Thompson

**Reece Daniel Thompson** (born November 22, 1988) is a Canadian actor and voice actor. Thompson started his acting career as a child actor by voice acting in several animated television series and minor roles on television shows before transitioning to movies. His first major role came in the 2007 movie *Rocket Science*. Thompson appeared in 2009's *Assassination of a High School President* with Mischa Barton and Bruce Willis, and in *Afterwards*. Also in 2012, he appeared as Craig in *The Perks of Being a Wallflower*.

## Early life 
Thompson grew up in White Rock, British Columbia, Canada, a small town near Vancouver. His mother ran a film society that brought independent movies to town. and at a young age, Thompson, along with the rest of his family, began taking background roles in productions in Vancouver. Thompson signed with an agent he was introduced to through the school and began attending auditions.

## Personal life 
Thompson currently lives part-time in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. The other half of his time is spent living in Los Angeles, California in the United States. He is a co-founder of the online comedy group "Jitterbug Productions".

## References 
## Other websites 
*
Eric Koch

**Eric Otto Koch** (31 August 1919 – 28 April 2018) was a German-born Canadian author, broadcaster and academic.

He retired from the broadcaster in 1979 in order to focus on writing books and teaching at York University where he was a course director in the Social Science Division and taught a course on The Politics of Canadian Broadcasting for 18 years.

He published his first novel at the age of 60, Koch is the author of 13 books of fiction.

## References
## Other websites
* His archival records are preserved at York University Libraries (F472)
* Eric Koch's blog
* Eric Koch Biography - (born 1919), The French kiss, tour de force, Leisure riots
Geneviève Claisse

**Geneviève Claisse** (17 July 1935, in Quiévy – 30 April 2018, in Dreux) was a French geometrical abstract painter. Her first personal exhibits in the Galerie Caille in Cambrai and Galerie Hybler in Paris in 1958. Her arts were displayed at museums in Oslo and Paris.

## References
## Other websites
*Geneviève Claisse personal testimony
Anatole Katok

**Anatole Borisovich Katok** (; August 9, 1944 – April 30, 2018) was an Russian-American mathematician. Katok was the Director of the Center for Dynamics and Geometry at the Pennsylvania State University.
His field of research was the theory of dynamical systems.

## References
## Other websites
* Anatole Katok – Google Scholar Citations
* List of Fellows of the American Mathematical Society
John Treacher

Admiral **Sir John Devereux Treacher**  (23 September 1924 – 30 April 2018) was a British naval officer. He served as Commander-in-Chief Fleet from 1975 to 1977.

In retirement he became Chief Executive of National Car Parks. He was also Deputy Chairman of Westland Group and a Director of Meggitt. He was named chairman of London's Playboy Club in an attempt to secure a gambling license that had been denied over concerns regarding his predecessor.

Treacher died on 30 April 2018 at the age of 93.

## References
William Reynolds (actor)

**William de Clerq Reynolds** (December 9, 1931 &ndash; August 24, 2022) was an American  actor. He was best known for his movie roles in the 1950s and his television roles in the 1960s and 1970s. He was known for his the title role in ''Pete Kelly's Blues*.

Reynolds caught his big break co-starring with Efrem Zimbalist, Jr., in another ABC series, the long-running *The F.B.I.''. Reynolds first made guest appearances in seasons one and two in 1966, before he appeared as series regular Special Agent Tom Colby from 1967 to 1973.

Reynolds died on August 24, 2022 from pneumonia in Wildomar, California at the age of 90.

## References
## Other websites
* 
* TV.com page for William Reynolds 
* The 1965 FBI Show Tribute Site
Danville, Pennsylvania

**Danville** is a borough in and the county seat of Montour County, Pennsylvania, United States. It is along the North Branch of the Susquehanna River. Danville was home to 8,042 people in 1900, 7,517 people in 1910, and 7,122 people in 1940. The population was 4,239 at the 2020 census.

## References
## Other websites
* DanvillePA.com, sponsored by the *Press-Enterprise*
* Danvilleboro.org
* Iron Heritage Festival
Tarte Tatin

The **Tarte Tatin** is called after the hotel which served it as its signature dish. 

It is an upside-down pastry. The fruit (usually apples) are caramelized in butter and sugar before the tart is baked. 

It originated in France but has spread to other countries over the years.
Ignacio Zaragoza

**Ignacio Zaragoza Seguín** (; March 24, 1829 &ndash; September 8, 1862) was a Mexican general and politician. He led the Mexican army that defeated invading French forces at the Battle of Puebla on May 5, 1862 (mostly celebrated in the United States as *Cinco de Mayo*).

Shortly after his famous victory, Zaragoza was struck with typhoid fever, of which he died at the age of 33. He was buried in San Fernando Cemetery in Mexico City.

## Other websites
*"Zaragoza Seguín, Ignacio ". The Handbook of Texas Online. Retrieved July 1, 2005.
Flatboat

on the Ohio River.]]
A **flatboat** is a rectangular flat-bottomed boat with  square ends used to transport freight and passengers on inland waterways. The flatboat could be any size, but essentially it is large, sturdy tub with a hull.

A flatboat is almost always a one-way vessel, and is usually dismantled for lumber when it reaches its downstream destination.

## References
Poekilopleuron

***Poekilopleuron*** (meaning "varied ribs") is a megalosauroid  dinosaur. The genus has been used under many different spelling variants, although only one, *Poekilopleuron*, is valid. The type species is *P. bucklandii* (see also *Megalosaurus*), named after William Buckland, and many junior synonyms of it have also been erected. Few material is currently known, as the holotype was destroyed in World War II, although many casts of the material still exist.

## Discovery and naming 
*Poekilopleuron* is a genus of theropod with a long and complex history. The genus was first named and described by Jacques-Amand Eudes-Deslongchamps in a report published in 1836, based on holotype material that is now destroyed. In 1837, Eudes-Deslongchamps published a more detailed account of this discovery in a monograph which was also inserted next year in volume 6 of the "Mémoires de la Société Linnéenne Normandie".

The holotype, which was housed in Musée de la Faculté des Sciences de Caen and destroyed during World War II, included gastralia, phalanges, a left forelimb, caudal vertebrae, chevrons, ribs and a hindlimb. Of all the material, few is still preserved, although the gastralia, phalanges and forelimb were casted.

In the same 1836 publication, Eudes-Deslongchamps also named the type species of *Poekilopleuron*, *P. bucklandii*. Eudes-Deslongchapms noted similarities with some material of *Megalosaurus bucklandii* and *Poekilopleuron*, and chose the species name *bucklandii* for *Poekilopleuron*, so that it the two genera were synonymized, only the genus name would be suppressed. The generic name is derived from Greek ποίκιλος, *poikilos*, "varied", and πλευρών, *pleuron*, "rib", a reference to the three types of rib present. The specific name, honouring William Buckland, was deliberately identical to that of *Megalosaurus bucklandii*.

## References
Signs of Life (1968 movie)

***Signs of Life*** () is a 1968 movie. Werner Herzog wrote, directed, and produced it. It was his first feature movie. The story of the movie is based on the short story "Der Tolle Invalide auf dem Fort Ratonneau" by Achim von Arnim. The movie won a German Film Award.

## Cast
* Peter Brogle - Stroszek
* Wolfgang Reichmann - Meinhard
* Athina Zacharopoulou - Nora
* Wolfgang von Ungern-Sternberg - Becker
* Wolfgang Stumpf - Captain
* Henry van Lyck - Lieutenant
* Julio Pinheiro - Gypsy
* Florian Fricke - Pianist
* Heinz Usener - Doctor
* Achmed Hafiz - Greek resident

## References
## Other websites
*
Wonder Woman 1984

***Wonder Woman 1984*** (also known as ***WW84***) is a 2020 American superhero movie based on the DC Comics character Wonder Woman. It is the sequel to 2017's *Wonder Woman*. It is the eighth installment in the DC Extended Universe (DCEU). The movie was directed by Patty Jenkins, with a screenplay by Geoff Johns, David Callaham and Jenkins. It was based from a story written by Johns and Jenkins. It is produced by Charles Roven, Gal Gadot, Zach Snyder and Deborah Snyder.

The movie stars Gadot as Wonder Woman, with Chris Pine as Steve Trevor, Kristen Wiig as Cheetah and Pedro Pascal as Maxwell Lord. The movie is set in 1984 during the Cold War. Hans Zimmer composed the movie's soundtrack score.

The movie was released on December 25, 2020.

## References
## Other websites
*
Under Mango Tree

**Under Mango Tree** is an architecture firm that was formed in 2010. Notable projects include the UCL Institute of Making in London and the regeneration of Sujan Singh Park – New Delhi’s first multi-storied housing complex originally designed by Walter Sykes George.Under Mango Tree works across many sectors, including arts and culture, heritage, education, hospitality and residential.

## Awards
*2021 Winner Kyoorius Design Awards
*2020 Finalist Dezeen Awards
*2016 Winner UKTI Smart Cities competition
*2015 20under35 - Design X Design Exhibition, Alliance Francaise de Delhi
*2008 Finalist, AMD Open Architecture Network Challenge, International architecture competition

## References
## Other websites
*
Duriavenator

***Duriavenator*** is a genus of theropod dinosaur described in 2008. It was excavated in Dorset. The type species is *D. hesperis*, formerly known as *Megalosaurus hesperis*. 

*Duriavenator* lived about 170 million years ago. It is one of the oldest-known tetanurans. The genus name combines the Latin name of Dorset, *Duria*, with Latin for "hunter", *venator*. This genus has also gone under the unofficial name "Walkersaurus".

## References
Michele Castoro

**Michele Castoro** (14 January 1952 &ndash; 5 May 2018) was a Roman Catholic archbishop. Castoro was born in Oria, Italy.

Castoro was ordained to the priesthood in 1975. He served as bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Oria from 200 to 2009. He then served as archbishop of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Manfredonia-Vieste-S. Giovanni Rotondo, Italy, from 2009 until 2018.

Castoro died in Apulia, Italy on 5 May 2018 of pancreatic cancer at the age of 66.

## References
Active fault

of the New Madrid Earthquake, that happened in 1811. It is the biggest earthquake in the history of the US, east of the Rocky Mountains.  It is classifired as level IX (heavy shaking) on the Mercalli intensity scale. It probably had a magnitude of between 7.5 and 7.9 on the Richter scale. ]]
An **active fault** is a fault that is likely to become the source of another earthquake sometime in the future. Faults are active if there has been movement seen or evidence of seismic activity during the last 10,000 years. Active faulting is considered to be a geologic hazard. It is related to earthquakes as a cause. 

## References
Chun-Li (song)

"**Chun-Li**" is a song by American rapper Nicki Minaj.  It was released on April 12, 2018, alongside the single "Barbie Tingz".  It is Minaj's first lead single in over a year, since she released the songs "No Frauds", "Changed It", and "Regret in Your Tears".  With "Chun-Li", Minaj earned her first production credit. The song has reached number 10 on the *Billboard* Hot 100.

## Music videos 
Minaj released a vertical video recorded with her phone the day after the song was released.  The official video was released May 4, 2018, and features Minaj in scrim lighting wearing glow-in-the-dark accessories.

### Notes 
## References
Lake Albert (Africa)

**Lake Albert**, or **Albert Nyanza**, is a lake in Uganda and the Democratic Republic of the Congo. It is one of the African Great Lakes. Lake Albert is Africa's seventh-largest lake, and the world's twenty-seventh largest lake by volume.

Lake Albert is in the center of Africa. It is the northernmost of the chain of lakes in the "Albertine Rift", the western branch of the East African Rift. The lake is about  long and  wide, with a maximum depth of . It is  above sea level.

Lake Albert is part of the complicated system of the upper Nile. Its main sources are  from Lake Victoria to the southeast, and from Lake Edward to the southwest. Its outlet, at the northernmost tip of the lake, is the Albert Nile, which becomes the White Nile when it enters South Sudan.

At the southern end of the lake there are swamps. Farther south is the Ruwenzori Range, while a range of hills called the Blue Mountains tower over the northwestern shore

European colonialists operated shipping on the lake. The British planned shipping on Lake Albert as part of a network of railway, river steamer and lake steamer services. The idea was to link British interests in Egypt, east Africa and southern Africa.

In 2024, Uganda announced a project to use the petroleum that had been discovered under the lake.

## References
Chiemsee

**Chiemsee** () is a natural freshwater lake in Bavaria, Germany, near Rosenheim. It is often called "the Bavarian Sea".

The rivers Großache and Prien flow into the lake from the south, and the river Alz flows out towards the north. The Alz flows into the Inn which then merges with the Danube. The Chiemsee is divided into the bigger, north section, in the northeast, called *Weitsee*, and the *Inselsee*, in the southwest.

The Chiemgau, the region surrounding the Chiemsee, is a famous recreation area.

## References
Penshurst, New South Wales

**Penshurst** is a suburb in southern Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. Penshurst is 17 kilometres south of the city of Sydney. It is part of the St George area.

Most of the housing in Penshurst is made up of houses and small unit blocks. Most of the people who live in Penshurst are older. Some younger families have moved into the area from other countries so that they can be close to Hurstville.

Penshurst has passenger trains and buses to and from Sydney CBD.

## References
Lake Neuchâtel

**Lake Neuchâtel** (; ) is a lake in western Switzerland. The lake is mainly in the canton of Neuchâtel, but is also part of Vaud, Fribourg, and Berne. Lake Geneva and Lake of Constance are larger, but the part of them that is in Switzerland is smaller. Lake Neuchatel is the largest lake entirely in Switzerland. It is the 59th largest lake in Europe. Tourism is important near the lake. Also, wine is made there (mainly white wine). The city of Neuchâtel, on the lake, is known for watch-making, and tapestries called Indiennes.

## Other websites 
*Waterlevels at the Harbour of Neuchâtel from the Swiss Federal Office for the Environment
Yverdon-les-Bains

**Yverdon-les-Bains** () is a municipality in Jura-Nord vaudois in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. It is the capital of the district. As of ,  people lived in Yverdon-les-Bains. It was called **Eburodunum** and **Ebredunum** during the Roman era.

Yverdon-les-Bains won Wakker Prize in 2009 for the way the city handled and developed the public areas and connected the old city with Lake Neuchâtel.

The former municipality Gressy became part of Yverdon-les-Bains on 1 July 2011.

## References 
## Other websites 
* City of Yverdon, official website
* Official website of Yverdon-les-Bains Region Tourist Office

* Maison d'Ailleurs website
* Swiss Fashion Museum
* Records and Research Centre Pestalozzi
* Benno Besson Theatre
* Echandole Theatre
* Town Hall Gallery
* Grande Caricaie reserve
* Champ-Pittet Nature Centre 
* Spa - Thermal Centre
* China in 18th century Yverdon
Chambry

**Chambry** can mean:
* Chambry, Aisne, in the Aisne department
* Chambry, Seine-et-Marne, in the Seine-et-Marne department
* Chambry, former name of Chambrey, Moselle
Chêne-Pâquier

**Chêne-Pâquier** is a municipality of the district of Jura-Nord Vaudois of the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.

The municipality consists of the hamlets of Le Chêne and Le Pâquier.

## History 
Chê
ne-Pâquier is a place in Switzerland that has two old Villages: Chêne and Pâquier. People first wrote about them more than 500 years ago. They were part of another place that had a Castle, but the Castle is gone now. Chêne-Pâquier has a Church that was built in 1667 for people who are Protestants. It is one of the first Churches in Switzerland made for Protestants

## Politics 
Chêne-Pâquier is a place in Switzerland that has a government. The government has a leader called the mayor. The mayor is Guy-Cyrille Jaquier. The people in Chêne-Pâquier can vote for different parties. A party is a group of people who have similar ideas. In 2007, the most popular party was the SVP. The SVP is a party that wants less immigration and lower taxes. The next popular parties were the FDP, the SP and the Green Party. The FDP is a party that supports business and free trade. The SP is a party that wants more social justice and equality. The Green Party is a party that cares about the environment and human rights.
José María Íñigo

**José María Íñigo Gómez** (4 June 1942 – 5 May 2018) was a Spanish journalist and television presenter. He was born in Bilbao.

Shortly after he moved to London, from where he collaborated with different music programmes on Cadena SER. Back to Spain, he settled in Madrid, where he worked in radio music shows *El Musiquero*, *El Gran Musical* and *Los 40 Principales*.

Over the years Íñigo has been associated with the Eurovision Song Contest. Between the 1975 Contest and 1976 Contest he announced the Spanish jury result. Between the 2011 Contest and the 2017 Contest, he provided the TVE commentary.

Íñigo died in Madrid, aged 75, on 5 May 2018 of lung cancer.

## References
## Other websites
*  José María Íñigo's website
*
1811–1812 New Madrid earthquakes

from RM Devens's *Our First Century* (1877)]]

The **1811–12 New Madrid earthquakes** refer to a series of earthquakes near the town of New Madrid, a town that is right next to the Mississippi River, in late 1811 and early 1812. They were the largest known earthquakes in the United States in recorded history.

## Description 
The first shock was on December 16, 1811. It had a magnitude of 7.5-7.9 on the Richter scale. There also was an aftershock of magnitude 7.4 on the same day.  All three main earthquakes had major aftershocks.

They were the most powerful earthquakes to hit the contiguous United States east of the Rocky Mountains in recorded history. "Contiguous" excludes Hawaii and Alaska, neither of which was then part of the United States.

The earthquakes occurred in and near the Mississippi River town of New Madrid. It was then part of the Louisiana Territory but is now in the US state of Missouri.

There are estimates that in the stable continental region, the earthquakes were felt strongly over an area of  and moderately across nearly 3 million km2 (1 million sq mi). The 1906 San Francisco earthquake, by comparison, was felt moderately over roughly .

## Aftermath 
Different Native American tribes interpreted the powerful earthquakes and came to a consensus that they must have meant something. For many tribes in Tecumseh's pan-Indian alliance, it meant that he and his brother, the Prophet, must be supported.

## Seismic zones 
Even today, earthquakes happen in the area, known as the New Madrid Seismic Zone (or NMSZ). Scientists think that before 2050, there is a chance of over 90% that earthquakes with a magnitude of over 7.0 on the Richter scale will occur here. Arthur C. Clarke wrote a story called *Richter 10* that describes such a scenario.

Other seismic activity is known from fault zones within tectonic plates. They include the Charleston earthquake of 1886. It was particularly surprising since the area had almost no history of even minor earthquakes.

## References
Monterey, California

**Monterey** is a city in Monterey County in the U.S. state of California. It is on the southern edge of Monterey Bay on California's Central Coast.  

It stands at an elevation of  above sea level, on a land area of . The 2020 census recorded a population of 30,218. Monterey had a big herring industry, which went bust because of overfishing. Cannery Row in Monterey was where the fish were packaged. 

Cannery Row was the setting of John Steinbeck's novels *Cannery Row* (1945) and *Sweet Thursday* (1954). Both were the basis for the 1982 movie *Cannery Row*, starring Nick Nolte and Debra Winger. It is also mentioned in Bob Dylan's song "Sad Eyed Lady of the Lowlands". Sea otters still dive for abalone shellfish

Pacific Biological Laboratories, a biological supply house, was located at 800 Ocean View Avenue (now 800 Cannery Row) from 1928 to 1948. It was operated by Edward F. Ricketts. He was the inspiration for several characters in Steinbeck novels. Ricketts rebuilt the laboratory using the original floorplan.

There is a variety of natural habitats in Monterey: the closed-cone pine forest has pines whose cones only open after a fire (this is called "seroteny"). The idea is that the seeds drop onto ground with few occupants, so have the best chance of developing into trees. Coast live oaks often grow nearby.

## References
George V. Murry

**George Vance Murry** S.J. (December 28, 1948 &ndash; June 5, 2020) was an African-American prelate of the Catholic Church and member of the Jesuit Order. He was born in Camden, New Jersey. He was the Bishop of the Diocese of Youngstown, Ohio.

Murry served as an auxiliary bishop of the Archdiocese of Chicago from 1995 to 1999 and as the bishop of the Saint Thomas in the Virgin Islands from 1999 to 2007.

In April 2018, Murry was diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia. He died from the disease on June 5, 2020 in New York City, aged 71.

## References
## Other websites
*Roman Catholic Diocese of Youngstown Official Site
* National Black Catholic Congress  bio of George Murry
Richard John Garcia

**Richard John Garcia** (April 24, 1947 &ndash; July 11, 2018) was an American Roman Catholic bishop. Garcia was born in San Francisco, California. He was appointed by Pope Benedict XVI as the fourth ordinary bishop of the Diocese of Monterey, California on December 19, 2006, and was installed at a Mass celebrated by Cardinal Roger Mahony on January 30, 2007.

In April 2018, Garcia was diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease. He died three months later on July 11, 2018 from complications of the disease in Monterey, aged 71.

## References
## Other websites
*Diocese of Monterey official website
**Bishop of Monterey* 
**Bishop Garcia will lead Diocese of Monterey* 
**United States Conference of Catholic Bishops*
Blaxploitation

**Blaxploitation** is a type of exploitation movie which focuses on black people. Blaxploitation movies emerged in and were most popular during the early 1970s. 

These movies were often criticized for their use of stereotyped characters. They were also praised for showing black people as the heroes and main subjects, rather than being sidekicks or as victims of violence.

Following the example set by ''Sweet Sweetback's Baadasssss Song'', many blaxploitation films feature funk and soul jazz soundtracks with heavy bass, funky beats, and wah-wah guitars.

## References
Jordan Nikolić

**Jordan Nikolić** (; 11 May 1933 – 26 April 2018) was a Serbian folk singer. He sang traditional songs from Kosovo. He was born in Prizren, Yugoslavia. About a hundred of his voice recordings are saved in Radio Belgrade archives. Nikolić participated in Jugovizija (Yugoslavian Eurosong qualification contest) in 1976. 

Nikolić died in Belgrade on 26 April 2018 from complications of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, aged 84.

## References
## Other websites
*
*
*
*
Earl Balfour

**Earl Frederick "Spider" Balfour** (January 4, 1933 – April 27 2018) was a Canadian NHL hockey player. He was born in Toronto, Ontario.

Balfour served as a forward from 1952 to 1961. He was a defensive forward and penalty-killing expert. Balfour won the Stanley Cup with the 1960–61 Chicago Black Hawks. He also played for the Toronto Maple Leafs. He retired after 288 games, posting 30 goals, 22 assists, 52 points and just 78 penalty minutes.

Balfour died on April 27, 2018 of prostate cancer in Guelph, Ontario, aged 85.

## References
## Other websites
*
Esther Ofarim

**Esther Zaied**, better known by her married name **Esther Ofarim** (; born June 13, 1941), is an Israeli singer. She came second in the 1963 Eurovision Song Contest with the song "T'en vas pas", representing Switzerland. A

After marrying Abi Ofarim in 1961, she was half of the singing husband and wife duo, **Esther & Abi Ofarim**. The couple divorced in Germany in 1970. After they divorced, the duo broke up and she undertook a successful solo career.

## References
## Other websites
* Esther's official website
Mel Lastman

**Melvin Douglas "Mel" Lastman** (March 9, 1933 &ndash; December 11, 2021), nicknamed "Mayor Mel" or "Mega City Mel", was a Canadian businessman and politician. He was the founder of the Bad Boy Furniture chain.  He served as the mayor of the former city of North York, Ontario, Canada from 1973 until 1997.

Lastman died on December 11, 2021, at the age of 88.

## References
## Other websites
*City of Toronto, Mel Lastman profile
David Crombie

**David Edward Crombie**  (born April 24, 1936) is a Canadian politician,  professor and consultant.  Crombie served as Mayor of Toronto from 1972 to 1978.

## References
Art Eggleton

**Arthur C. "Art" Eggleton**,  (born September 29, 1943) is a Canadian politician. He was a Senator representing Ontario from 2005 to 2018. He was the longest serving Mayor of Toronto, serving from 1980 to 1991. 

Eggleton has held several federal government posts, including President of the Treasury Board and Minister of Infrastructure from 1993–1996, Minister for International Trade from 1996–1997, and Minister of National Defense from 1997 until 2002.

## References
## Other websites
* Liberal Senate Forum 
* Official Website
Martha MacIsaac

**Martha MacIsaac** (born October 11, 1984) is a Canadian actress. She is best known for her role of Becca in the 2007 teen comedy *Superbad*.

## Early life 
MacIsaac was born and raised in Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, the youngest of three girls; her mother Irene was one of twelve.

## Career 
MacIsaac started her career playing Emily Byrd Starr in the *Emily of New Moon* television series, based on the books by Lucy Maud Montgomery.

She has appeared in several plays including the 2006 play *The Wild Duck* in which she played Hedwig and was nominated for a Dora Mavor Moore Award for "Outstanding Performance by a Female in a Principal Role - Play". In 2009, she played Paige in a remake of the Wes Craven film *The Last House on the Left*. She also performed in three consecutive productions of Soulpepper Theatre Company's *Our Town* as Emily, beginning in 2006.

In a 2007 *Entertainment Weekly* article, she stated she has been inspired by Julia Roberts from the age of four and was self-described as "obsessed". She also stated she would like to perform alongside her in a film, particularly "a female version of *Twins*".

In late 2012, MacIsaac began a main role on the NBC comedy *1600 Penn* as the president's eldest daughter, Becca. Brittany Snow was originally cast as Becca but because she did not physically resemble and fit in well with the other family members, Martha MacIsaac was cast. In a 2012 interview with the CBC Radio series *Island Morning*, she revealed that *1600 Penn* was her last audition before she considered returning to Canada. She lives in Los Angeles, California as of 2017.

She is represented by the Agency for the Performing Arts.

## Filmography 
## References 
## Other websites
* 
* About Martha on *CBC* webpage
Jerrod Carmichael

**Jerrod Carmichael** ( ; born June 22, 1987) is an American stand-up comedian, actor, and writer. Carmichael is best known for creating and playing the lead role in the semi-biographical NBC sitcom *The Carmichael Show.*

## Life and career 
Carmichael was born and raised in Winston-Salem, North Carolina. In 2005, he graduated from Robert B. Glenn High School.

Carmichael's early comedic influences were stand-ups Richard Pryor, Bill Cosby, Sinbad, and George Carlin.

Carmichael moved to Los Angeles at the age of 20. His first time doing stand-up was an open-mic night at The Comedy Store in West Hollywood. Carmichael then appeared in the "New Faces" showcase at the 2011 Just for Laughs Festival in Montreal. Carmichael's star role was in the 2014 film *Neighbors.*

He has released two stand-up HBO comedy specials: *Jerrod Carmichael: Love at the Store* (2014) and *Jerrod Carmichael: 8* (2017). 

In June 2019, Carmichael was hired by Quentin Tarantino to co-write a film adaptation based on the *Django/Zorro* crossover comic book series.

In 2022, Carmichael openly came out as gay.

## Filmography
### Movie
### Television
### Music videos
## References
## Other websites
*
*
Cirilo Bautista

**Cirilo F. Bautista** (July 9, 1941 &ndash; May 6, 2018) was a Filipino poet, fictionist, critic and writer of nonfiction. He was awarded with the National Artist of the Philippines award in 2014. He was born in Manila. 

Bautista works include *Boneyard Breaking*, *Sugat ng Salita*, *The Archipelago*, *Telex Moon*, *Summer Suns*, *Charts*, *The Cave and Other Poems*, *Kirot ng Kataga*, and *Bullets and Roses: The Poetry of Amado V. Hernandez*. His novel *Galaw ng Asoge* was published by the University of Santo Tomas Press in 2004.

Bautista died on May 6, 2018 in Manila of neuroendocrine cancer at the age of 76.

## References
## Other websites
* Cirilo F. Bautista home page
* Mindanao Creative Writers Group Inc.
* U.S.T. Creative Writing Workshop, Baguio City
* About Culture and the Arts
Ben Miller

**Bennet Evan Miller** (born 24 February 1966) is an English actor, author, comedian and director. He is best known as one half of comedy double act Armstrong and Miller, with Alexander Armstrong. Miller starred in the Channel 4 sketch show *Armstrong and Miller*, as well as the BBC sketch show *The Armstrong & Miller Show*. Miller also played the lead role of Richard Poole in the first two series of the BBC Crime Drama *Death in Paradise*.

## Bibliography
* *The Boy Who Made the World Disappear* (2019)
* *The Day I Fell into a Fairytale* (2020)
* *How I Became a Dog Called Midnight* (2021)
* *The Night We Got Stuck in a Story* (2022)
* *Once Upon a Legend* (2023)
* *Diary of a Big Bad Wolf* (2024)

## References
## Other websites
* *The Armstrong & Miller Show* official website
* 
* Ben Miller hands out his very own BAFTAs
Noah Taylor

**Noah George Taylor** (born 4 September 1969) is an English-Australian actor. He is best known for his roles as David Helfgott in *Shine*, Locke in HBO series *Game of Thrones*, Mr. Bucket in *Charlie and the Chocolate Factory* and Danny in *He Died with a Felafel in His Hand*.

## References
## Other websites
*
Mayor of Toronto

The **Mayor of Toronto** is the leader of the municipal government of Toronto, Ontario, Canada. The mayor is directly-elected in municipal elections every four years alongside Toronto City Council. 

## The office
The mayor is responsible for the administration of government services overseeing Toronto government departments and serves as the chairperson for meeting of Toronto City Council. The current mayor of Toronto is John Tory.

Art Eggleton is the longest-serving mayor of Toronto, serving from 1980 until 1991. No Toronto mayor has been removed from office. Toronto's 64th mayor, Rob Ford, lost a conflict of interest trial in 2012, and was ordered to vacate his position; but the ruling was stayed pending an appeal, which Ford won to remain in office.

## Living former mayors
As of February 17, 2023 there are six living former mayors of Toronto:

* David Crombie (1972–1978)
* John Sewell (1978–1980)
* Art Eggleton (1980–1991)
* Barbara Hall (1994–1997)
* David Miller (2003–2010)
* John Tory (2014-2023)

Rob Ford, June Rowlands and Mel Lastman are the most recent mayors that have died. Ford is the first mayor of Toronto after the amalgamation of Toronto to die.

## References
## Other websites
* 
*
Freddie Highmore

**Alfred Thomas "Freddie" Highmore** (born 14 February 1992) is an English Actor and Director. He is known for his film roles in *Women Talking Dirty* (1999), *Finding Neverland* (2004), *Charlie and the Chocolate Factory* (2005), and *The Spiderwick Chronicles* (2008). He has appeared as a television actor in 2 TV series: as Norman Bates in the A&E drama series *Bates Motel* (2013–2017), and as autistic resident surgeon Dr. Shaun Murphy in *The Good Doctor* (2017–2020) on ABC TV.

Highmore won a Saturn Award in 2007. He also twice won the Critic's Choice awards for Best Young Performer in a film.

## References
## Other websites
*
William Gillock

**William Gillock** (July 1, 1917 - September 7, 1993) was an American composer.  He was born in La Russell, Missouri. He taught music and composed piano music.

## Early life and education
Gillock studied music at Central Methodist College (called Central College at that time), in Fayette, Missouri.  His instructor was N. Louise Wright.

## Later life
He moved to New Orleans as a young man.  He taught music there for many years.  Later, he stopped teaching and moved to Texas.  In Texas, "
he was the first and only judge for the first twenty-one years of the Junior Pianists’ Guild, which involved over fourteen hundred students." 

His music is often played at piano festivals.

## Honors 
Gillock was given the Award of Merit for Service to American Music by the National Federation of Music Clubs five times. 

## Further reading
* *Dictionary of International Biography-Men of Achievement*.
* ''International Who's Who of Musicians*.
* Bona, N.J., 1995. *An Analytical Guide to Teaching and Performing Selected 'Lyric Preludes' of William Gillock* (Doctoral dissertation, University of Miami).
* Duarte, K.S., 2004. *The Piano Music of William Gillock (Doctoral dissertation, University of Oklahoma).
Renate Dorrestein

**Renate Maria Dorrestein** (25 January 1954 – 4 May 2018) was a Dutch writer, journalist and feminist. She won the *Annie Romein* prize in 1993. She started working as a journalist for a magazine called *Panorama*. She published her first novel (*Buitenstaanders*) in 1983. She was born in Amsterdam.

Dorrestein died on 4 May 2018 of esophageal cancer in Amsterdam at the age of 64.

## References
## Other websites
*
Naser Cheshm Azar

**Naser Cheshm Azar** (31 December 1950 – 4 May 2018) was an Iranian pianist, composer, and arranger. Cheshm Azar was known for his vocal music (for a singer or choir), instrumental music, electronic music, and music which combines multiple genres. He was master in classical music, musical theatre, blues, folk music, jazz, and popular music. He was born in Ardabil, Iran.

Naser Cheshm Azar died of a heart attack in Tehran on 4 May 2018 at the age of 68.

## References
## Other websites
* Naser Cheshmazar  *dailyvideoreports.net*
* Nasser Cheshmazar *imdb.com*
* .isna.ir *.isna.ir* *(Persian Language)*
* .irna.ir *.irna.ir* *(Persian Language)*
Paolo Ferrari

**Paolo Ferrari** (26 February 1929 &ndash; 6 May 2018) was an Italian actor. He appeared in 45 movies between 1938 and 2018. He made his acting debut at 9 years old, in Alessandro Blasetti's *Ettore Fieramosca*. He became first known as "the balilla Paolo", a character he played in numerous radio programs for children and teenagers during the fascist era.

Ferrari died in Rome on 6 May 2018 of complications from pneumonia at the age of 89.

## References
## Other websites
*
Tarcisio Gitti

**Tarcisio "Ciso" Gitti** (18 April 1936 – 6 May 2018) was an Italian lawyer and politician. He was born in Gardone Val Trompia. He was a member of the Chamber of Deputies. He was elected to the Chamber of Deputies in 1979 and served until 1994. 

Gitti was Undersecretary of the Treasury from 30 July 1897 to 22 July 1989, and President of COPASIR from 29 January 1991 to 22 April 1992. From 1992 to 1994, he was Vice President of the Chamber of Deputies. 

Gitti died in Brescia, Italy of Parkinson's disease-related complications on 6 May 2018, aged 82.

## References
Khaled Mohieddin

**Khaled Mohieddine** (August 17, 1922 – May 6, 2018) was an Egyptian Communist politician and a major in the Egyptian Army. He fought in the Egyptian Revolution of 1952, which overthrew the monarchy under King Farouk. 

Mohieddine held important roles throughout Gamal Abdel Nasser's presidency. He founded the leftist political party National Progressive Union Party (Tagammu) in 1976. Under Mohieddine's leadership, Tagammu became a significant opposition force during Hosni Mubarak's rule.

Mohieeddin died on May 6, 2018 at a hospital in Cairo of congestive heart failure at the age of 95.

## References
Flula Borg

**Flula Borg** (born March 28, 1982) is a German actor, comedian, musician, and YouTube personality who is better known as **DJ Flula** or simply **Flula** (sometimes stylized as **f|u|a**). He currently lives in Los Angeles, California. Borg has appeared in several feature movies, including *Pitch Perfect 2*, and a number of popular TV shows. He has collaborated with both well-known YouTubers, including Rhett and Link, Miranda Sings, Smosh, Jacksfilms, and many more, and mainstream celebrities such as Sir Mix-A-Lot, RZA, and Dirk Nowitzki. In 2015, he was named one of *The Hollywood Reporter*s Top 25 Digital Stars as well as one of Variety's 10 Comics to Watch.

## Other websites 
* Flula's official website
*
Natalia Cordova-Buckley

**Natalia Cordova-Buckley** (born November 25, 1982) is a Mexican actress. She was born in Mexico City. Cordova-Buckley is best known for playing Elena "Yo-Yo" Rodriguez on ''Marvel's Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.* and as the voice of Frida Kahlo in Disney-Pixar *Coco'' (2017).

## References
## Other websites
*
Nabih Berri

**Nabih Berri** (; born 28 January 1938) is a Lebanese politician. He has been the Speaker of the Parliament of Lebanon since 1992. He heads the Amal Movement.

## References
Saad Hariri

**Saad El-Din Rafik Al-Hariri** (; born 18 April 1970) is a Lebanese politician. He was the 33rd Prime Minister of Lebanon from December 2016 to January 2020. He was also the Prime Minister from November 2009 to June 2011.

On 29 October 2019, amid the 2019 Lebanese protests, Hariri announced his resignation, and that of his cabinet.

## References
## Other websites
*Future Movement's Official Site 
*March 14 Alliance's Official Site 
*To Live and Die in Beirut, A portfolio of Saad Hariri
Émile Lahoud

**Émile Jamil Lahoud** () (born 12 January 1936) is a Lebanese politician. He was President of Lebanon from 1998 to 2007.

## Honours
### Foreign honours
*  : Grand Cross of the Order of Grimaldi (13 July 2001)

## References
## Other websites