August 30

## Events 
### Up to 1900 
* 526 &ndash; Ostrogoth King Theodoric the Great dies of dysentery in Ravenna.
* 711 &ndash; K'inich K'an Joy Chitam, king of Palenque, disappears from history. He was probably taken prisoner by a rivalling city state.
* 1464 &ndash; Pope Paul II is elected.
* 1574 &ndash; Guru Ram Das becomes the Fourth Sikh Guru/Master.
* 1791 &ndash; The ship HMS *Pandora* sinks after running aground on a reef.
* 1800 &ndash; Gabriel Prosser postpones a planned slave rebellion in Richmond, Virginia, but is arrested he can make it happen.
* 1813 &ndash; In an uprising, Creek Native Americans launch an attack on Fort Mims, Alabama (present–day Mobile, Alabama), and commit the Fort Mims massacre.
* 1813 &ndash; Battle of Kulm: French forces are defeated by Austrian–Prussian–Russian alliance.
* 1832 &ndash; Agreement is reached on the border between Greece and the Ottoman Empire.
* 1835 &ndash; The city of Melbourne, Australia is founded.
* 1836 &ndash; The city of Houston, Texas is founded.
* 1850 &ndash; Honolulu, Hawaii becomes a city.
* 1862 &ndash; American Civil War: Battle of Richmond, Kentucky – Confederates under Edmund Kirby Smith rout a Union army under General Horatio Wright.
* 1862 &ndash; American Civil War: Union forces are defeated in Second Battle of Bull Run.
* 1873 &ndash; Austrian explorers Julius von Payer  and Karl Weyprecht discover the archipelago (island group) of Franz Josef Land in the Arctic Ocean. The islands now belong to Russia.
* 1881 &ndash; British passenger steamer RMS *Teuton* hits a reef off South Africa and sinks, killing 236 of the 272 people on board.
* 1896 &ndash; Philippine Revolution: After Spanish victory in the Battle of San Juan del Monte, eight provinces in the Philippines are declared to be under martial law by the Spanish Governor–General  Ramon Blanco y Erenas.

### 1901 &ndash; 2000 
* 1914 &ndash; World War I: Battle of Tannenberg.
* 1917 &ndash; During a night–time sailing, with all light switched off because of the war, French passenger steamer *Natal* collides with an oncoming cargo ship, sinking in 10 minutes. Of the 503 on board, 105 are killed.
* 1918 &ndash; Assassins seriously injure Bolshevik leader Vladimir Lenin and kill Bolshevik senior official Moisei Uritsky, prompting the decree for Red Terror.
* 1922 &ndash; Battle of Dumlupinar, final battle in Greco-Turkish War (1919-1922) ("Turkish War of Independence").
* 1940 &ndash; The Second Vienna Award reassigns the territory of North Transylvania from Romania to Hungary.
* 1941 &ndash; World War II: The Siege of Leningrad begins.
* 1945 &ndash; World War II: Hong Kong is liberated from Japan.
* 1945 &ndash; World War II: Allied Supreme Commander Douglas MacArthur lands at Atsugi Air Force Base.
* 1945 &ndash; The Allied Control Council, governing Germany after World War II, until 1949, goes into effect.
* 1946 &ndash; In post–World War II Germany, the state of Rhineland-Palatinate is created in the French occupation zone.
* 1948 &ndash; The Romanian intelligence agency, the Securitate, is founded.
* 1956 &ndash; The Lake Pontchartrain Causeway in Louisiana opens. 
* 1959 &ndash; The title National Hero of Indonesia is awarded for the first time, to writer and politician Abdul Muis.
* 1963 &ndash; Hotline between U.S. and Soviet leaders goes into operation.
* 1965 &ndash; Casey Stengel announces his retirement from baseball.
* 1965 &ndash; Rock musician Bob Dylan releases his influential album *Highway 61 Revisited* featuring the song "Like a Rolling Stone."
* 1967 &ndash; Thurgood Marshall confirmed as the first African American Justice of the United States Supreme Court.
* 1974 &ndash; A train crash, of a Dortmund to Belgrade Express train, in Zagreb kills 153 people.
* 1974 &ndash; A powerful bomb explodes at the Mitsubishi Jeavy Industries Headquarters in Marunouchi, Tokyo, Japan killing 8 people.
* 1976 &ndash; Tom Brokaw becomes news anchor of the Today Show.
* 1981 &ndash; Iranian President Mohammad–Ali Rajai and Prime Minister Mohammad–Javad Bahonar are assassinated in a bombing by the People's Mujahedin of Iran.
* 1984 &ndash; Space Shuttle Discovery launches on its first mission.
* 1990 &ndash; Tatarstan declares independence from the RSFSR.
* 1991 &ndash; Azerbaijan declares independence from the USSR.
* 1992 &ndash; Michael Schumacher wins his first Formula One race at the Belgian Grand Prix.
* 1993 &ndash; The Hassan II Mosque in Casablanca, Morocco, is inaugurated.
* 1993 &ndash; The Late Show with David Letterman debuts on CBS.
* 1994 &ndash; Oasis release their first album, Definitely Maybe.
* 1995 &ndash; NATO launches Operation Deliberate Force against Bosnian–Serb forces.
* 1999 &ndash; The East Timorese vote for independence in a referendum.

### From 2001 
* 2001 &ndash; Former President of Yugoslavia and Serbia Slobodan Milosevic is charged with Genocide.
* 2002 &ndash; The Tandy Center Subway in Fort Worth, Texas ceases to operate.
* 2003 &ndash; While being towed across the Barents Sea, decommissioned  Russian submarine K–159 sinks, killing all 9 crew members.
* 2009 &ndash; Yukio Hatoyama is elected Prime Minister of Japan, taking office on September 16, when he succeeds Taro Aso. He resigns on June 2, 2010.
* 2014 &ndash; Prime Minister of Poland Donald Tusk is chosen as the new EU President, while Federica Mogherini of Italy is chosen as the next EU Foreign Policy Chief.
* 2016 &ndash; Doris McLemore, the last–surviving fluent speaker of the Wichita language, dies aged 89.

## Births 
### Up to 1900 
* 1334 &ndash; King Peter I of Castile (d. 1369)
* 1377 &ndash; Shah Rukh, ruler Persia and Transoxonia (d. 1447)
* 1401 &ndash; Georgios Sphantzes, Byzantine historian (d. 1479)
* 1569 &ndash; Jahangir, Mughal Emperor (d. 1627)
* 1705 &ndash; David Hartley, English philosopher (d. 1757)
* 1720 &ndash; Samuel Whitbread, English politician and brewer (d. 1796)
* 1727 &ndash; Giovanni Domenico Tiepolo, Italian painter (d. 1804)
* 1731 &ndash; Jacob Sievers, Russian statesman (d. 1828)
* 1739 &ndash; George Mathews, American politician, Governor of Georgia (d. 1812)
* 1745 &ndash; Johann Hieronymus Schroeter, German jurist and astronomer (d. 1816)
* 1748 &ndash; Jacques-Louis David, French painter (d. 1825)
* 1758 &ndash; Cristobal Bencomo y Rodriguez, Spanish priest (d. 1835)
* 1785 &ndash; Lin Zexu, Chinese scholar and official (d. 1850)
* 1797 &ndash; Mary Shelley, British writer of *Frankenstein* (d. 1851)
* 1798 &ndash; Virginie Dejazet, French actress (d. 1875)
* 1800 &ndash; Auguste von Harrach, wife of Frederick William III of Prussia (d. 1873)
* 1808 &ndash; Princess Ludovika of Bavaria (d. 1892)
* 1812 &ndash; Agoston Narasidhy, Hungarian traveler, writer and winemaker (d. 1869)
* 1813 &ndash; Princess Mathilde of Bavaria (d. 1892)
* 1818 &ndash; Alexander H. Rice, 30th Governor of Massachusetts (d. 1895)
* 1820 &ndash; Gustave Le Gray, French photography pioneer (d. 1884)
* 1820 &ndash; Hardin Richard Runnels, 6th Governor of Texas (d. 1873)
* 1821 &ndash; Anita Garibaldi, Brazilian–born Italian revolutionary (d. 1849)
* 1844 &ndash; Friedrich Ratzel, German zoologist and geographer (d. 1904)
* 1850 &ndash; Marcelo H. del Pilar, Filipino writer, lawyer and journalist (d. 1896)
* 1852 &ndash; Jacobus Henricus van t' Hoff, Dutch chemist (d. 1911)
* 1855 &ndash; Evelyn De Morgan, British painter (d. 1919)
* 1856 &ndash; Carl David Tolme Runge, German mathematician and physicist (d. 1927)
* 1860 &ndash; Isaac Lewitan, Russian painter (d. 1900)
* 1870 &ndash; Grand Duchess Alexandra Georgievna of Russia (d. 1891)
* 1871 &ndash; Ernest Rutherford, New Zealand chemist and physicist (d. 1937)
* 1884 &ndash; Theodor Svedberg, Swedish physicist (d. 1971)
* 1890 &ndash; Samuel Frederick Henry Thompson, English captain and pilot (d. 1918)
* 1893 &ndash; Huey Long, American politician (d. 1935)
* 1896 &ndash; Raymond Massey, Canadian actor (d. 1983)
* 1898 &ndash; Shirley Booth, American actress (d. 1992)

### 1901 &ndash; 1950 
* 1901 &ndash; Roy Wilkins, American Civil rights activist (d. 1981)
* 1902 &ndash; Jozef Maria Bochenski, Polish philosopher (d. 1995)
* 1907 &ndash; John Mauchly, American physicist and computer engineer (d. 1980)
* 1908 &ndash; Fred MacMurray, American actor (d. 1991)
* 1910 &ndash; Roger Bushell, English soldier and pilot (d. 1944)
* 1912 &ndash; Nancy Wake, New Zealand–born Australian spy in World War II, known as the "White Mouse" (d. 2011)
* 1912 &ndash; Edward Mills Purcell, American physicist (d. 1997)
* 1913 &ndash; Richard Stone, British economist (d. 1991)
* 1915 &ndash; Princess Lilian, Duchess of Halland, Welsh–born Swedish princess (d. 2013)
* 1917 &ndash; Denis Healey, British politician (d. 2015)
* 1917 &ndash; Vladimir Kirillovich, pretender to the Russian throne (d. 1992)
* 1918 &ndash; Ted Williams, American baseball player (d. 2002)
* 1919 &ndash; Wolfgang Wagner, German festival organiser (d. 2010)
* 1919 &ndash; Kitty Wells, American singer (d. 2012)
* 1921 &ndash; Angelo Dundee, American boxing trainer (d. 2012)
* 1922 &ndash; Lionel Murphy, 22nd Attorney–General of Australia (d. 1986)
* 1922 &ndash; Regina Resnik, American mezzo soprano (d. 2013)
* 1923 &ndash; Vic Seixas, American tennis player
* 1925 &ndash; Laurent de Brunhoff, French author and illustrator
* 1927 &ndash; Bill Daily, American actor (d. 2018)
* 1930 &ndash; Warren Buffett, American businessman
* 1930 &ndash; Mauro Ramos, Brazilian footballer (d. 2002)
* 1931 &ndash; Jack Swigert, American astronaut (d. 1982)
* 1933 &ndash; Don Getty, 11th Premier of Alberta (d. 2016)
* 1935 &ndash; John Phillips, American singer-songwriter (Mamas and Papas) (d. 2001)
* 1937 &ndash; Bruce McLaren, New Zealand racing driver (d. 1970)
* 1938 &ndash; Murray Gleeson, Australian judge, 11th Chief Justice of Australia
* 1938 &ndash; Abel Laudonio, Argentine boxer and actor (d. 2014)
* 1939 &ndash; John Peel, British DJ (d. 2004)
* 1939 &ndash; Elizabeth Ashley, American actress
* 1940 &ndash; Ricardo Bauleo, Argentine actor (d. 2014)
* 1942 &ndash; Jonathan Aitken, Irish–British politician
* 1943 &ndash; Jean-Claude Killy, French skier
* 1943 &ndash; Robert Crumb, American cartoonist.
* 1943 &ndash; Bobby Lennox, Scottish footballer
* 1944 &ndash; Tug McGraw, American baseball player (d. 2004)
* 1944 &ndash; Frances Cairncross, English economist, journalist and academic
* 1946 &ndash; Anne-Marie, Danish princess and former Queen of Greece
* 1946 &ndash; Peggy Lipton, American actress
* 1948 &ndash; Lewis Black, American comedian, author and actor
* 1948 &ndash; Fred Hampton, American political activist (d. 1969)
* 1948 &ndash; Victor Skumin, Russian professor, philosopher, writer. 
* 1949 &ndash; Peter Maffay, German singer
* 1949 &ndash; Christopher Collins, American actor, voice artist and comedian (d. 1994)
* 1950 &ndash; Antony Gormley, British sculptor
* 1950 &ndash; Micky Moody, English guitarist (Whitesnake)

### 1951 &ndash; 1975 
* 1951 &ndash; Gediminas Kirkilas, Lithuanian politician.
* 1951 &ndash; Dana, Irish singer and politician
* 1953 &ndash; Robert Parish, American basketball player
* 1953 &ndash; Lech Majewski, Polish director, producer and screenwriter
* 1954 &ndash; Alexander Lukashenko, President of Belarus
* 1955 &ndash; Helge Schneider, German comedian, jazz musician, director and actor
* 1958 &ndash; Anna Politkovskaya, Russian journalist, Human Rights activist and writer (d. 2006)
* 1958 &ndash; Muriel Gray, Scottish broadcaster and writer
* 1960 &ndash; Ben Bradshaw, English politician
* 1962 &ndash; Alexander Litvinenko, Russian–born British citizen and ex–KGB agent (d. 2006)
* 1963 &ndash; Dave Brockie, Canadian–American musician (d. 2014)
* 1966 &ndash; Michael Michele, American actress
* 1967 &ndash; Eddie May, Scottish footballer and coach
* 1968 &ndash; Vladimir Malakhov, Russian ice hockey player
* 1970 &ndash; Paulo Sousa, Portuguese footballer
* 1971 &ndash; Mizuki Kawashita, Japanese mangaka
* 1972 &ndash; Cameron Diaz, American actress
* 1972 &ndash; Pavel Nedved, Czech footballer
* 1973 &ndash; Lisa Ling, American journalist
* 1974 &ndash; Javier Otxoa, Basque cyclist (d. 2018)
* 1974 &ndash; Camilla Lackberg, Swedish writer
* 1975 &ndash; Radhi Jaidi, Tunisian footballer

### From 1976 
* 1976 &ndash; Sarah-Jane Potts, British actress
* 1977 &ndash; Elden Henson, American actor
* 1977 &ndash; Felix Sanchez, American–Dominican runner
* 1977 &ndash; Kamil Kosowski, Polish footballer
* 1978 &ndash; Sinead Kerr, Scottish figure skater
* 1978 &ndash; Cliff Lee, American baseball player
* 1979 &ndash; Juan Ignacio Chela, Argentine tennis player
* 1982 &ndash; Andy Roddick, American tennis player
* 1983 &ndash; Kris Commons, English–Scottish footballer
* 1983 &ndash; Simone Pepe, Italian footballer
* 1985 &ndash; Leisel Jones, Australian swimmer
* 1985 &ndash; Anna Ushenina, Russian chess player
* 1986 &ndash; Ryan Ross, American guitarist (Panic! at the Disco)
* 1986 &ndash; Aldo Simoncini, Sammmarinese footballer
* 1988 &ndash; Ernests Gulbis, Latvian tennis player
* 1989 &ndash; Bebe Rexha, Albanian–American singer-songwriter
* 1991 &ndash; Farid Mammadov, Azerbaijani singer
* 1996 &ndash; Trevor Jackson, American singer and actor
* 2001 &ndash; Emily Bear, American pianist and composer

## Deaths 
### Up to 1900 
* 526 &ndash; Theodoric the Great, King of the Ostrogoths and ruler of Italy (b. 454)
* 1158 &ndash; King Sancho III of Castile (b. 1134)
* 1329 &ndash; Khutughtu Khan, Emperor Mingzong  of Yuan, of the Yuan Dynasty and Mongol Empire
* 1428 &ndash; Emperor Shoko of Japan (b. 1401)
* 1483 &ndash; King Louis XI of France (b. 1423)
* 1505 &ndash; Elizabeth of Austria (b. 1536)
* 1580 &ndash; Emmanuel Philibert, Duke of Savoy (b. 1528)
* 1619 &ndash; Shimazu Yoshihiro, Japanese samurai and warlord (b. 1535)
* 1751 &ndash; Christopher Polhem, Swedish scientist and inventor (b. 1661)
* 1856 &ndash; Gilbert Abbott a Beckett, writer (b. 1811)
* 1879 &ndash; John Bell Hood, Confederate general (b. 1831)
* 1896 &ndash; Aleksey Lobanov-Rostovsky, Russian statesman (b. 1824)

### 1901 &ndash; 2000 
* 1906 &ndash; Hans Auer, Swiss architect (b. 1847)
* 1907 &ndash; Richard Mansfield, actor–manager, (b. 1857)
* 1928 &ndash; Wilhelm Wien, German physicist (b. 1864)
* 1935 &ndash; Henri Barbusse, French novelist and journalist (b. 1873)
* 1937 &ndash; Gaetano Bisletti, Italian cardinal (b. 1896)
* 1938 &ndash; Max Factor, Sr., Polish–American make–up artist and businessman (b. 1877)
* 1940 &ndash; J.J. Thomson, English physicist (b. 1856)
* 1941 &ndash; Peder Oluf Pedersen, Danish engineer and physicist (b. 1874)
* 1943 &ndash; Father Eustaquio van Lieshout, ss.cc., Dutch Roman Catholic priest (b. 1890)
* 1945 &ndash; Alfréd Schaffer, Hungarian footballer, coach and manager (b. 1893)
* 1946 &ndash; Konstantin Rodzaevsky, Russian fascist (b. 1907)
* 1949 &ndash; Arthur Fielder, English cricketer (b. 1887)
* 1954 &ndash; Alfredo Ildefonso Schuster, Italian cardinal (b. 1880)
* 1957 &ndash; Otto Suhr, Mayor of Berlin (b. 1894)
* 1961 &ndash; Charles Coburn, actor (b. 1877)
* 1971 &ndash; Ali Hadi Bara, Turkish sculptor (b. 1906)
* 1979 &ndash; Jean Seberg, American actress (b. 1938)
* 1981 &ndash; Mohammad-Ali Rajai, Iranian statesman (b. 1933)
* 1981 &ndash; Mohammad-Javad Bahonar, Iranian statesman
* 1981 &ndash; Vera-Ellen, actress (b. 1921)
* 1985 &ndash; Taylor Caldwell, American writer (b. 1900)
* 1991 &ndash; Jean Tinguely, Swiss kinetic artist (b. 1925)
* 1994 &ndash; Lindsay Anderson, movie director (b. 1923)
* 1995 &ndash; Sterling Morrison, American guitarist (The Velvet Underground) (b. 1942)
* 1996 &ndash; Christine Pascal, French actress (b. 1953)
* 1997 &ndash; Ernst Willimowski, Polish footballer (b. 1916)
* 1999 &ndash; Jan Brasser, Dutch athlete (b. 1912)

### From 2001 
* 2001 &ndash; Govan Mbeki, South African political activist (b. 1910)
* 2003 &ndash; Charles Bronson, American actor (b. 1921)
* 2003 &ndash; Donald Davidson, American philosopher (b. 1917)
* 2004 &ndash; Fred Whipple, American astronomer (b. 1906)
* 2005 &ndash; Hendrikje van Andel-Schipper, Dutch supercentenarian (b. 1890)
* 2006 &ndash; Glenn Ford, Canadian–American actor (b. 1916)
* 2006 &ndash; Naguib Mahfouz, Egyptian writer (b. 1911)
* 2008 &ndash; Killer Kowalski, Canadian professional wrestler (b. 1926)
* 2010 &ndash; J. C. Bailey, American professional wrestler (b. 1983)
* 2010 &ndash; Alain Corneau, French moviemaker (b. 1943)
* 2010 &ndash; Francisco Varallo, Argentine footballer (b. 1910)
* 2012 &ndash; Chris Lighty, American music industry executive (b. 1968)
* 2013 &ndash; Seamus Heaney, Irish writer and poet (b. 1939)
* 2013 &ndash; Soledad Mexia, Mexican–American supercentenarian (b. 1899)
* 2014 &ndash; Bipan Chandra, Indian historian (b. 1928)
* 2014 &ndash; Igor Decraene, Belgian cyclist (b. 1996)
* 2014 &ndash; Victoria Mallory, American actress and singer (b. 1949)
* 2014 &ndash; Bud Andrews, American radio personality and DJ (b. 1940)
* 2014 &ndash; David Mitchell, English politician (b. 1928)
* 2015 &ndash; Bart Cummings, Australian racehorse trainer (b. 1927)
* 2015 &ndash; Oliver Sacks, English–American neurologist and author (b. 1933)
* 2015 &ndash; Wes Craven, American director, writer, producer and actor (b. 1939)
* 2015 &ndash; Marvin Mandel, American politician, 56th Governor of Maryland (b. 1920)
* 2015 &ndash; Hugo Rasmussen, Danish jazz musician (b. 1944)
* 2015 &ndash; Edward Fadeley, American attorney and politician (b. 1929)
* 2016 &ndash; Doris McLemore, last–surviving fluent speaker of the Wichita language (b. 1927)
* 2017 &ndash; Marjorie Boulton, English author (b. 1924)
* 2017 &ndash; Louise Hay, American author (b. 1926)
* 2017 &ndash; Abdul Jabbar, Bangladeshi singer (b. 1938)
* 2017 &ndash; Rollie Massimino, American basketball coach (b. 1934)
* 2017 &ndash; Sumiteru Taniguchi, Japanese anti–nuclear weapons activist (b. 1929)
* 2017 &ndash; Richard Sui On Chang, American Episcopal prelate, Bishop of Hawaii (b. 1941)
* 2017 &ndash; Sam Pivnik, Polish Holocaust survivor and author (b. 1926)
* 2018 &ndash; Joseph Kobzon, Russian singer (b. 1937)
* 2018 &ndash; Ray, Hong Kong professional wrestler (b. 1982)

## Observances 
* International Day of the Disappeared
* Saint Rose of Lima (Peru)
* Victory Day (Turkey)
* Republic Day (Tatarstan)