open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Astrakhan Oblast

**Astrakhan Oblast** (, *Astrakhanskaya oblast*) is a federal subject of Russia. It is an oblast. It is in southern Russia. Its administrative center is the city of Astrakhan. About 1,000,000 people lived there at the 2010 Census.

## Geography 
Astrakhan Oblast borders the Caspian Sea, Kazakhstan, Volgograd Oblast, and Kalmykia. It is in the Russian Southern Federal District.

## History 
Historically, Astrakhan Oblast was home to the Buzhans, a Slavic tribe in southern Russia and is home to the Astrakhan Tatars. 

During the Soviet era, many nuclear bombs were tested underground in Astrakhan Oblast.

## Population 
### Ethnic groups 
According to the 2010 census, the ethnic groups of Astrakhan Oblast were:

### Largest cities and towns 
## Related pages 
* Astrakhan Khanate
* Music of Astrakhan
* Elections in Astrakhan Oblast
* Hinduism in Russia

## References
Jason Shah

**Jason Shah** (born 14 December 1987) is a British-Indian actor and fitness model. 

## Filmography 
* *Fitoor* (2016)
* *Bigg Boss 10* as Himself/Wild Card Contestant (2016)
* *Sabaash Naidu* as Officer Burt Jackson (2016)
* *Dev DD* as Philip (2017)
* *Chandrashekhar* (TV series) as John Nott-Bower (2018)
* *Thugs of Hindostan* as East India Company Officer (2018)
* *Jhansi Ki Rani* (2019 TV series) as Hugh Ross, 1st Baron Strathnairn (2019)
* *Barrister Babu* as Officer Sir John Greenwood (2020)
* *State of Siege: 26/11* web series released digitally on ZEE5 Platform (2020)
* Dev DD 2 web series was released digitally on ZEE5 Platform (2021)
* Swaraj (TV series) as Vasco Da Gama

## References 
## Other websites 
*
José Águas

**José Pinto de Carvalho Santos Águas** (; 9 November 1930 – 10 December 2000) was a Portuguese footballer and manager. As a player, he played as a striker.

His son, Rui Águas, was also a footballer. His daughter, Helena Maria (more commonly known as Lena d'Água) is a singer. 

## Career statistics
### Club
### International goals
## Honours
### Player
**Benfica**
*Primeira Liga: 1954–55, 1956–57, 1959–60, 1960–61, 1962–63
*Taça de Portugal: 1950–51, 1951–52, 1952–53, 1954–55, 1956–57, 1958–59, 1961–62
*European Cup: 1960–61, 1961–62

### Manager
**Marítimo**
*AF Madeira Championship: 1966–97
*Madeira Cup: 1966–97

**Atlético**
*Segunda Divisão: 1967–68

### Individual
*Primeira Liga Top Scorer: 1951–52, 1955–56, 1956–57, 1958–59, 1960–61
*European Cup Top Scorer: 1960–61
*Taça de Portugal Top Scorer: 1950–51, 1952–53, 1954–55, 1957–58

## References
## Other websites
* Portugal stats at Eu-Football
D. Cheetham

**D. Cheetham** was a British foil fencer from London. She was a fencer in the early 20th-century, in the era women's fencing was becoming an established sport. She was a fencer at the Bertand's School of Arms of Felix Bertrand.

## Career
Cheetham was one of the Britisch fencers who competed at one of the earliest international fencing competitions, the 1910 England–Belgium women's fencing competition. Here she competed against Albin Lambotte, the president of the Belgian Ladies Fencing Club. The next year she participated in both international competitions against the Dutch during the 1911 England–Holland women's fencing competitions.

Cheetham also competed in 1913 at the international 1913 Alfred Hutton Memorial Challenge Cup without losing one match in the elimination round and only one match during the semi-finals. During the finals she lost two matches and won the third place prize. She had shown that she had made "considerable" progress, and due to this progress she soon became the best fencer of the Bertand's School of Arms. 

### Fencing style
Cheetham has been described as a small but very fast fencer. In other reports her fencing style is described as lively and tight.

## References
Palestine League

The **Palestine League**, also known as The **Eretz Israel League**, was an association football league. It was played between 1928 and 1948, during the British Mandate of  Palestine (now Israel). It was organised by the Eretz Israel Football Association.
## Seasons
;Key

:*Full league standings and top scorer details not known at this time.*

## Notes
## References
Lysapsus limellum

The **Uruguay harlequin frog** (*Lysapsus limellum*) is a frog. It lives in Uruguay, Paraguay, Bolivia, Brazil, and Argentina.  Scientists have seen it as high as 800 meters above sea level.

The adult male frog is 16.2–24.8 mm long from nose to rear end and the adult female frog is 15.3-21.0 mm long.  This frog can be light green, dark green-brown, or any color in between.  Many of the frogs have stripes, but they do not all have the same kinds of stripes.  The iris of the eye is gold in color.

This frog is much larger when it is a tadpole than when it is a frog.  The tadpole can be 40 mm long with the tail (11 mm long not counting the tail).  The tip of the tadpole's tail is black in color.  Scientists think this may make animals that want to eat the tadpole attack its tail instead of its head.

Scientists found these frogs in places with much water and few trees.  For example, river basins on savanna grasslands.  This animal goes to places where plants float on top of the water instead of growing up from the bottom.  The tadpoles swim in the middle of the water.  They stay near plants that grow up from the bottom of the pond.

This frog lays eggs all year.  The male frog sits on floating plants and sings for the female.  The female lays 10-182 eggs at a time.

Fish and animals without bones eat the adult frog.  Insects eat the tadpole.

## First paper
*

## References
1913 Breda–The Hague women's fencing competition

The '''1913 Breda–The Hague women's fencing competition''' was the first women's national fencing competition in the Netherlands on 27 April 1913. The competition was held between fencers of the Bredasche Schermvereeniging from Breda and Salle De Vos from The Hague. The competition was organized by the "Bredasche Schermvereeniging" (fencing association of Breda).

There was a “large” audience, both civilian and military people. The cadets orchestra played during the event.

The prize for the winner was offered by the mayor of Breda . The women of the Bredasche Schermvereeniging started fencing only recently, around half a year before this competition. 

T. van den Bergh won in a “beautiful way” the first prize. Beelaerts van Blokland and S. C. Scharroo Habbema, who lost both the same amount of matches, won the second and third prize. Their fencing was described as quick and elegant.

## References
Republic of Western Armenia

The **Republic of Western Armenia**, is a so-called state claiming sovereignty over parts of the Armenian highlands including sections of Western Armenia as well as Nagorno-Karabakh, and Nakhchivan. Also, the self-declared country says it has its own presidency, government, parliament, constitution, national anthem and coat of arms. 

The individuals of the Republic of Western Armenia claim to be the legal successor of the Armenian state recognised by international law in 1920, and therefore internationally recognised.

## Background 
The presence of Armenians in Anatolia has been documented since the sixth century BCE, about 1,500 years before the arrival of Turkmens under the Seljuk dynasty.

In the 16th and 17th centuries, historical Armenia was divided between the Ottomans taking the West and the Safavids taking the East. 

On the eve of World War I in 1914, around two million Armenians lived in Anatolia out of a total population of 15–17.5 million. According to the Armenian Patriarchate's estimates for 1913–1914, there were 2,925 Armenian towns and villages in the Ottoman Empire, of which 2,084 were in the Armenian highlands in the vilayets of Bitlis, Diyarbekir, Erzerum, Harput, and Van. Armenians were a minority in most places where they lived, alongside Turkish and Kurdish Muslim and Greek Orthodox Christian neighbors. According to the Patriarchate's figure, 215,131 Armenians lived in urban areas, especially Constantinople, Smyrna, and Eastern Thrace. Although most Ottoman Armenians were peasant farmers, they were overrepresented in commerce. As middleman minorities, despite the wealth of some Armenians, their overall political power was low, making them especially vulnerable. The ethnic cleansing of Armenians during the final years of the Ottoman Empire is widely considered a genocide, The Ottoman Empire massacred approximately 600,000–1,500,000 Armenians. The first wave of persecution was in the years 1894 to 1896, the second one culminating in the events of the Armenian genocide in 1915 and 1916.

## History  
On February 4, 2011 the beginning of the process of formation of the Government-in-Exile of Western Armenia was announced (now – the Government of the State of Western Armenia). In November 2013, through direct elections via Internet, the National Assembly (Parliament) of Western Armenia was formed, whose deputies at the first session of the Parliament on January 20, 2014, in Paris, elected the President of Western Armenia.

## The claimed lands 
The "Western Armenia TV" newscaster introduced cities such as Bitlis, Muş, Van, Mardin, Iğdır, Adana, Trabzon and Rize as "Western Armenia" in his news bulletins. Artsakh and Nakhichevan is also claimed lands. The announcer also added that Western Armenia, which was declared an independent and sovereign state in 1920, is now occupied by Turkey. Sooner or later it will return to its true owners, the Armenians," he said. Erzurum, which the Armenians call "Karin", is claimed as the capital. 

## References 
## Sources 
*  
*  
*  
*
Simon Clarke (politician)

**Sir Simon Richard Clarke** (born 28 September 1984) is a British politician. He was the Secretary of State for Levelling Up, Housing and Communities from 6 September to 25 October 2022. He served as Chief Secretary to the Treasury from 2021 to 2022. A member of the Conservative Party, he has been a Member of Parliament (MP) for Middlesbrough South and East Cleveland since the 2017 general election.
Lynne Owens

Dame **Lynne Gillian Owens**  (born 29 January 1969) is a senior law enforcement officer and Deputy Commissioner of Police of the Metropolis for the United Kingdom.
Jorge Amado

**Jorge Leal Amado de Faria** (10 August 1912 – 6 August 2001) was a Brazilian writer of the modernist school. He remains the best known of modern Brazilian writers, with his work having been translated into some 49 languages and popularized in film, notably *Dona Flor and Her Two Husbands* in 1976. His work reflects the image of a Mestiço Brazil and is marked by religious syncretism. He depicted a cheerful and optimistic country that was beset, at the same time, with deep social and economic differences.
Chuvash people

The **Chuvash people** ( ,  ;  ;  ) are a Turkic ethnic group, a branch of Oghurs, native to an area from the Volga-Ural region to Siberia. Most of them live in Chuvashia and nearby areas. They speak Chuvash, a unique Turkic language that split from other Turkic languages over a millennium ago. 

## Subgroups 
The division of the Chuvash people are as below:

* *Virjal* or *Turi* (, 'upper')
* *Anat jenchi* (, 'mid-lower')
* *Anatri* (, 'lower')
** *Hirti* (, 'steppe') (this is a sub-group that is recognized by some researchers)

## Language 
## Gallery 

File:Chuvash woman in traditional attire 2.jpg|Chuvash woman in traditional attire. Mid-to-late 19th century
File:Married Chuvash woman in costume of matchmake.jpg|Married Chuvash woman in matchmaking costume. Early 20th century
File:Example of married Chuvash woman's headdress.jpg|Married Chuvash women. Early 20th century
File:Atner Huzangaj.jpg|Chuvash linguist and philologist Atner Khuzangai
File:МихаилСеспель.gif|Pioneer of Chuvash syllabotonic poetry Mišši Śeśpĕl
File:Middle Chuvash group XIX с.jpg|Middle Chuvash group XIX с
File:Chuvash children. Middle group XIX century.jpg|Chuvash children. Middle group XIX century

## Related articles 
* List of Chuvashes
* Chuvash National Congress
* Chuvash National Museum
* Chuvash national symbols
* Chuvash State Academic Song and Dance Ensemble
* Chuvash Wikipedia
* ChuvashTet
* Society for the study of the native land

## References
Komi people

The **Komi** (, *komijas* also *комі-войтир, komi-voityr)*, also called **Komi-Zyryans** or **Zyryans**, are a Permian ethnic group. The Komi homeland is located in northeastern European Russia around the Vychegda, Pechora, and Kama rivers. In Russia, they mainly live in the Komi Republic, Perm Krai, Murmansk Oblast, Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug, and the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug.

## Language 
The Komi language is part of the Permian branch of the Uralic family. There are two main dialects: Zyrian and Permyak, though Permyak is sometimes considered a separate language. The language was originally written using the Old Permic alphabet, but Cyrillic is used now.

## Related pages 
* Sámi
* Nenets people
* Indigenous peoples

## References
Australian desserts

There are many desserts eaten in Australia.

## Pavlova 
Pavlova is a meringue cake. Meringue is egg whites and sugar. It is crispy on the outside. It is light inside. It has fruit and cream on top. 

The name "pavlova" comes from a famous Russian ballerina called Anna Pavlova. 

The first pavlova was made in New Zealand. In 1926 a chef in a hotel made the dessert when Anna Pavlova was in the country. 

Pavlova is also very popular in Australia. 

## Lamington 
A lamington is a sponge cake. It is covered with chocolate and coconut. Sometimes it has jam in the middle. 

The Governor of Queensland from 1896 to 1901 was Lord Lamington. The cake was probably named after him, or his wife. 

Lamingtons are very popular in Australia. July 21st is National Lamington Day. 

## Fairy Bread 
Fairy bread is white bread spread with butter, and covered in Hundreds and Thousands. The bread is cut into triangles. Fairy bread is popular at children’s parties. 

No one knows who made the first Fairy Bread. In 1929 there was a newspaper article about fairy bread in a newspaper in Hobart, Tasmania.

## References
Holy Wars... The Punishment Due

"**Holy Wars... The Punishment Due**", or "**Holy Wars**", is a song by American thrash metal band Megadeth. It was released in 1990. It is the first song on the band's fourth studio album, *Rust in Peace*.
Hangar 18 (song)

"**Hangar 18**" is a song by American thrash metal band Megadeth. It is from the band's 1990 studio album *Rust in Peace*. The name is based off of Hangar 18 at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base. Some people think that an alien flying craft was brought to Hangar 18 from Roswell, New Mexico, in 1947. 

## Sequel 
A sequel to "Hangar 18", named "Return to Hangar", was put on Megadeth's ninth album *The World Needs a Hero*. The sequel is about the space aliens held in Hangar 18 coming to life and escaping.

## Awards 
"Hangar 18" was nominated for a Grammy Award for Best Metal Performance, but did not win.

## References
War Thunder

***War Thunder***  is a free-to-play vehicular combat multiplayer video game developed and published by Gaijin Entertainment. Announced in 2011, it was first released in November 2012 as an open beta with a worldwide release in January 2013; it had its official release on December 21, 2016 Xbox, PC, Playstation, iOS, and Android. 

The game has over 1,000 aircraft, tanks, helicopters, and boats to choose from with many trees and sub trees to research. Tanks go from Post WW1 (excluding the WW1 event vehicles) all the way to more modern main battle tanks. 

You can recreate historical battles in Simulator, Arcade or Realism matches. War Thunder has aircrafts, tanks and boats from post WWI to modern day, excluding 5th gen aircraft. 

War Thunder features 10 Nations that you can choose from. These being: U.S.A., Great Britain, Germany, U.S.S.R. (Russia), Japan, Italy, China, France, Sweden, and Israel. However, there are also sub-trees within these nations, such as South Africa.
Zinnia

***Zinnia*** is a plant in the Asteraceae, or flowering plant family as its genus as itself. They have notably long-stems that come in many bright colors.

Zinnias are garden flowers that come in many flower colors and shapes, and can live in summer temperature, and are easy to grow from seeds. They are grown in fertile, well drained soil in an area with lots of sunlight and outdoors. They remake seeds each year, so it is an annual plant.

Zinnias was named after Johann Gottfried Zinn who was a botanist (plant scientist). They are native to Mexico.

## Gallery 
## Related pages 
*Sunflower
*Zinnia elegans
*Daisy

## References
Beat Saber

**Beat Saber** is a rhythm virtual reality video game by Beat Games for Windows and PlayStation VR as an early release. The game was made available for certain headsets such as Oculus Quest and Quest 2 and HTC Vive on May 21, 2019.

## Gameplay 
On an Oculus Quest 2 headset, when starting up Beat Saber you will be met with many warning screens and the main menu. The Main Menu has 4 options, "Solo, Online, Campaign, Party Mode". In Solo mode, you can pick any song with any difficulty on any mode. In Online Mode, you can play with up to 5 people in a random lobby or with friends where you play songs to determine the winner. In Campaign Mode, you play different songs on different difficulties to get to the next songs. Sometimes the songs have special requirements, to go to the next level. In Party Mode, you can play with people in the same room as you. The goal is to try and beat the high score by making different rankings on the local leaderboard. Beat Saber comes with 5 music packs for free, you can buy other music packs as well such as the Interscope Mixtape or BTS Music Pack. They can not be found in Campaign mode. The goal of Beat Saber is to slash blocks in time with the beat to earn a good score. While in a song, you may see obstacles that you have to pass through such as walls or spikes.

## Reception 
Beat Saber is a very popular VR game and is sometimes the first VR game someone buys. It is the first VR game to almost immediately break into Steam's Top Sellers list.

### Mods 
The community of Beat Saber is very diverse. Some people have created mods that allow you to create and play custom songs. Mods also allow you to change how your blocks, walls, and sabers look.

## References
Misunderstanding (Genesis song)

**"Misunderstanding"** is a 1980 song by Genesis and taken from their 10th studio album *Duke*. It went to number 14 in the United States, number 42 in the United Kingdom and topped the single charts in Canada where it was their biggest hit for 1980 in Canada.
Behind the Lines (Genesis song)

**"Behind the Lines"** is a 1980 song by Genesis and taken from their 10th studio album *Duke* and was re-recorded by Phil Collins for his 1981 debut studio album *Face Value*.
Carlos Revilla

**Carlos Revilla González** (22 January 1933 – 28 September 2000) was a Spanish voice actor. He was known for performing the Spanish voice of Homer Simpson in the first eleven seasons of *The Simpsons* and KITT in *Knight Rider*. He also dubbed actors such as Walter Matthau, Bill Cosby and Jack Lemmon.

Revilla died in Madrid of a heart attack on 28 September 2000, aged 67.

## References
## Other websites
*
Antoine-François Andréossy

**Comte** **Antoine-François Andréossy** (6 March 1761 – 10 September 1828) was a Franco-Italian nobleman. He served as a French Army artillery general, diplomat and parliamentarian.

## Works 
Andréossy's works included the following:

* on artillery (with which arm he was most intimately connected throughout his military career):
** ''Quelques idées relatives à l'usage de l'artillerie dans l'attaque et ... la défense des places* (Metz);
** *Essai sur le tir des projectiles creux* (Paris, 1826);
* on military history:
** *Campagne sur le Main el la Rednitz de l'armée gallo-batave* (Paris, 1802);
** *Opérations des pontonniers en Italie . . . 1795-1796'' (Paris, 1843).

## Honours and titles 
### Titles 
*  - Knight of the Empire
*  - Count of the Empire

### Honours 
*  - Grand-croix, Order of Saint Louis
*  - Grand-officier, Ordre de la Légion d'honneur
*  - Chevalier, Order of Malta
*  - Commandeur, Orders of Our Lady of Mount Carmel and St Lazarus
*  - Grand-chancelier, Order of the Golden Fleece

## Related pages 
* French Revolutionary Wars: campaigns of 1798
* List of Ambassadors of France to the United Kingdom
* Armorial of Counts of the French Empire 

## Notes 
## References 
* 
* 
* 
* 
* 

**Attribution**

*  Endnotes:
** Marion, *Notice nécrologique sur le Lt.-Général Comte Andréossy*.
* 

## Further reading 
* 
* 

## Other websites 
* www.emd.terre.defense.gouv.fr 
* *Citizen Andréossy* at www.jeanlannes.com
* www.napoleon-monuments.eu
TalkTV (British TV channel)

, adjacent to the Shard in London|right]]

**TalkTV** was a British television channel owned and operated by News UK. It was opened on 25 April 2022 and closed on broadcast television in April 2024.

The channel featureed video simulcasts of TalkRadio programming during off-peak hours, but launched with four original programmes, Sky News Australia, *The News Desk*, *Piers Morgan Uncensored*, and *The Talk*.
Steve Chen

**Steve Chen** is a Taiwanese-American Internet entrepreneur. He is one of the co-founders and previous chief technology officer of YouTube. After having co-founded the company AVOS Systems, Inc. and built the video-sharing app MixBit, he joined Google Ventures in 2014.

## References
Discothèque (song)

"**Discothèque**" is a 1997 song by Irish rock band U2. It is the lead single from their ninth studio album *Pop*. It went to number 1 in the United Kingdom, New Zealand, Finland, Ireland, Italy, Norway, number 2 in Canada and number 10 in the United States.

## Track listings
* **UK and European CD single**
# "Discothèque" – 5:08
# "Holy Joe" (Garage Mix) – 4:21
# "Holy Joe" (Guilty Mix) – 5:09

* **US 12-inch single**
:A1. "Discothèque" (DM Deep Club Mix) – 6:58
:A2. "Discothèque" (Hexidecimal Mix) – 7:21
:B1. "Discothèque" (DM Deep Instrumental Mix) – 6:58
:B2. "Discothèque" (radio edit) – 4:34

## References
Kids in America

**"Kids in America"** is a 1981 debut song by British singer Kim Wilde. It was taken from her self-titled debut album. It went to number 1 in Finland and South Africa, number 2 in the United Kingdom, Ireland, Sweden and number 5 in Australia and New Zealand.

## Track listing
**7" UK single**
#"Kids in America" – 3:26
#"Tuning in Tuning On" – 4:30

**7" US/Canada single**
#"Kids in America" – 3:26
#"You'll Never Be So Wrong" – 4:11

## References
Madhav Kumar Nepal

**Madhav Kumar Nepal** (, ; born 6 March 1953), is a Nepalese politician. He is a former Prime Minister of Nepal. He served as Prime Minister of Nepal from 25 May 2009 to 6 February 2011 for nearly two years.

He served as the Deputy Prime Minister along with the ministers of Foreign Affairs and Defence in the cabinet of Man Mohan Adhikari. He was the executive General Secretary of Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist-Leninist) for 15 years.

Since 18 August 2021, he has been serving as the chairman of the CPN (Unified-Socialist), a new party formed through split in CPN (UML) citing issues of the party president KP Sharma Oli.

## References
Ismail I

**Ismail I** (17th July 1487 – 23rd May 1524), was the Shah of the Safavid dynasty of Persia until his death in 1524. He started the Safavid dynasty and was the effective founder who went on to unite all of people of the region and establish Shia Islam as the main religion.
Anivision

**Anivision** () was a Korean animation studio. It was founded in March 1991, then merged with Sunwoo Entertainment in April 2003.

## Filmography 
* SpongeBob SquarePants (1991–95; 52 episodes)
* *The Simpsons* (1991–99; 59 episodes)
* *Rugrats* (1991–2000; 123 episodes)
* *Aaahh!!! Real Monsters* (1994–97; 50 episodes)
* *Duckman* (1994–97; 37 episodes)
* *Edith Ann: Homeless Go Home* (1994)
* *Cro* (1994) 
* Courage the Cowardly Dog (1999-2002)
* *Santo Bugito* (1995; 9 episodes)
* *Quack Pack* (1996)
* *Space Goofs* (1997; 15 episodes)
* *Recess* (1997-2003)
* ''Salty's Lighthouse* (1997-98)
* *Stressed Eric* (1998; 6 episodes, uncredited)
* *King of the Hill* (1998, 2001; 3 episodes)
* Horseland (2006)
* Rusty Rivets (1994)
* Regal Academy (1992) (Universal Pictures & Amblimation)
* *The Wild Thornberrys* (1998–2004; 79 episodes) 
* The New Woody Woodpecker Show (1999)
* *Rocket Power* (1999–2001; 32 episodes)
* *As Told By Ginger'' (2000–01; 49 episodes) 
* Animaniacs (1993-1998)
2019–20 Austrian Cup

The **2019–20 Austrian Cup** was the 85th edition of the national cup in Austrian football. Red Bull Salzburg were the defending champions.

## Round dates
## First round 
Thirty-two first round matches were played between 19 and  21 July 2019.

## Second round
Sixteen second round matches were played between 24 and 25 September 2019 .

## Third round
Eight third round matches were played between  	29 and 30 October 2019.

## Quarter-finals
The four quarter-finals were played between 7 and 9 February 2020.

## Semi-finals
The two semi-final matches were played on 4 and 5 March 2020.

## Final
|style="vertical-align:top; width:50%"|

|}

## Top goalscorers
## References
Lee Rausch

**William Lee Rausch** is an American drummer. He played in many thrash metal bands in the 1980s. 

## Career 
### Megadeth 
in 1983, Rausch joined Megadeth, a band made by Dave Mustaine. In 1984, he played the drums for *Last Rites*, which had three songs on it. Afterwards, Rausch left the band, and was replaced by Gar Samuelson.
1947–48 Austrian Cup

The **1947-48 Austrian Cup** was the national cup in Austrian football. Wacker Wien were the defending champions. The 1947/48 competition was held in a new format:
The winners of the local cup competitions in each federal state (with the exception of Tyrol - no cup competition - the autumn champion was named here) played a final competition for the Austrian Cup

## Qualification
## Quarter finals
## Semi-finals
## Replay match Semifinals
## Final
**FK  Austria Wienː** Friedrich Nikolai - Otto Melchior - Ferdinand Popelka -  Leopold Mikolasch - Ernst Ocwirk - Siegfried Joksch - Ernst Melchior - Friedrich Kominek - Ernst Stojaspal -  Josef Stroh - Kurt Reiter Coachː Heinrich Müller

**SK Sturm Grazː** Otto Ullaga - Robert Friedrich - Hermann Lobenhofer - Anton Landauf - Otto Denk - Emil Zötsch - Franz Valentin - Hans Gmeindl - Kurt Schmidt - Ludwig Durek - Hans Schabus Coachː Josef Molzer

## Top goalscorers
## References
Chuvashia

The **Chuvash Republic** (, *Chuvashskaya Respublika – Chuvashiya*; , transl. *Çăvaš Respubliki*), or **Chuvashia** (, *Chuvashiya*; , transl. *Çăvaš En*), is a federal subject of Russia. Specifically, it is a republic. It is the home of the Chuvash people, a Turkic ethnic group. Its capital is the city of Cheboksary. As of the 2010 Census, its population was&nbsp;1,251,619.

## Geography 
Chuvashia is located in the center of European Russia. It borders the Mari El Republic, Nizhny Novgorod Oblast, the Republic of Tatarstan, the Republic of Mordovia, and Ulyanovsk Oblast. Some of the major rivers in Chuvashia are the Volga, the Sura, and the Tsivil, but there are over 2,000 rivers in the republic and over 400 lakes. The climate of Chuvashia is continental.

### Natural resources 
Some of the natural resources found in Chuvashia include gypsum, sand, clay, sapropel, phosphorite, and peat. There are also deposits of oil and natural gas. 30% of the land area of Chuvashia is forest.

## Administrative divisions 
## Demographics 
**Population**: 

The capital and largest city of Chuvashia is Cheboksary (population 464,000 in 2010). Cheboksary is located on the southern bank of the Volga. Just east of Cheboksary is the second largest city (a satellite city of Cheboksary), Novocheboksarsk (population 124,000 in 2010).

### Cities and towns 
### Ethnic groups 
According to the 2010 Census, ethnic Chuvash make up 67.7% of the republic's population. Other groups include Russians (26.9%), Tatars (2.8%), Mordvins (1.1%), and a host of smaller groups, each accounting for less than 0.5% of the total population.

## Economy 
The Chuvash Republic is the most populous and fertile area in the middle Volga region. There are woodlands on fertile black earth. In farming, wheat and sugar-beet, pigs and beef cattle have become more important than the rye, oats, barley and dairy cattle which were typical for the region.

## References 

## Sources 
* 
* 

## Other websites 
* 
* 
* Official website of the Chuvash Republic
* About flag and coat of arms of the Chuvash Republic
* Chuvashia news
* Why do Chuvash people not speak  in Chuvash? (article in Russian)
* "As it is in the Chuvash Republic the Chuvash are not needed?!"
The ULULU Company

**The ULULU Company**, originally known as **The Curiosity Company**, is an American production company and animation studio founded in 1997 by Matt Groening, the creator of The Simpsons for Gracie Films. It is behind for the television series Futurama and Disenchantment  and the 1999 television film Olive, the Other Reindeer.
## Productions
**The Simpsons* (1997–present) (Co-production with Gracie Films and 20th Television Animation)
**Futurama* (1999–2013) (Co-production with 20th Century Fox Television
**Olive, the Other Reindeer* (1999) (Co-production with Blue Sky Studios, Flower Films, Fox Television Studios, and Fox Television Animation)
**The Simpsons Movie* (2007) (Co-production with Gracie Films and 20th Century Fox Animation)
*''Futurama: Bender's Big Score* (2007) (Co-production with 20th Century Fox Home Entertainment)
**Futurama: The Beast with a Billion Backs* (2008) (Co-production with 20th Century Fox Home Entertainment)
**Futurama: Bender's Game* (2009) (Co-production with 20th Century Fox Home Entertainment)
**Futurama: Into the Wild Green Yonder* (2009) (Co-production with 20th Century Fox Home Entertainment)
*Untitled *Futurama* film (TBA) (Co-production with 20th Century Studios and 20th Century Animation)
**Disenchantment'' (2018–present) (credited as The ULULU Company)
## References
Hot Child in the City

**"Hot Child in the City"** is a 1978 single by English-Canadian singer Nick Gilder and taken from his second album *City Nights*. It was his biggest hit and went to number 1 in Canada and the United States and number 3 in New Zealand.
## References
I Am (Earth, Wind & Fire album)

**"I Am"** is the ninth studio album by American group Earth, Wind & Fire released on June 9, 1979 through ARC/Columbia. It went to number 3 in the United States.

## Track listing 
### Original release
### 2004 reissue bonus tracks
;Note
*The Emotions are Jeanette Hawes, Sheila Hutchinson-Whitt & Wanda Hutchinson-Vaughn

## References
1948–49 Austrian Cup

## Qualification
## Quarter finals
## Semi-finals
## Final
**FK Austria Wienː** Friedrich Nikolai - Ferdinand Popelka - Friedrich Kleibel - Oskar Fischer -  Ernst Ocwirk - Siegfried Joksch - Ernst Melchior - Friedrich Kominek - Adolf Huber - Ernst Stojaspal - Lukas Aurednik Coachː Heinrich Müller

**SK Vorwärts Steyrː** Hermann Schürer - Heinz Schneider - Josef Rambacher - Franz Springer - Fritz Wittek -  Erwin Hilber - Karl Anselgruber - Johann Rehak - Herbert Antonitsch - ? Fischer - Hans Staudinger Coachː Fritz Wittek

## References
That's the Way of the World

'''"That's the Way of the World"''' is the sixth studio album by R&B act Earth, Wind & Fire released on March 15, 1975 through Columbia Records and is the soundtrack to the 1975 movie of same name. It went to number 1 in the United Sates and in 2020 the album was ranked 420 in the rolling stone top 500 greatest albums of all time.

## Track listing
### Original issue 
## References
Erdal Tosun

**Erdal Tosun** (9 April 1963 – 30 November 2016) was a Turkish actor. After graduating from Mimar Sinan Fine Arts University, he started acting on stage and then he focused on television, acting in the show *Bir Demet Tiyatro*. He also starred in the films *Mine*, *G.O.R.A.*, *Magic Carpet Ride* and *Vizontele*.

Tosun died in a car accident in Istanbul on 30 November 2016, aged 53. He was buried at Zincirlikuyu Cemetery next to his father Necdet Tosun, and his younger brother Gürdal Tosun, who were also actors.

## References
## Other websites
*
Verse

**Verse** may refer to:

## Poetry 
* Verse, an occasional synonym for poetry
* Verse (poetry), a metrical structure, a stanza
* Blank verse, a type of poetry having regular meter but no rhyme
* Free verse, a type of poetry written without the use of strict meter or rhyme, but still recognized as poetry

## Religion 
* Chapters and verses of the Bible
* Ayah, one of the 6,236 verses found in the Qur'an

## Music 
* Verse-chorus form, a musical form common in popular music where the chorus is highlighted
Planet Caravan

**"Planet Caravan"** is a 1970 song by heavy metal band Black Sabbath and taken from their second studio album *Paranoid*.

## Pantera cover 
**"Planet Caravan"** was covered by American heavy metal band Pantera and taken from their seventh studio album *Far Beyond Driven*. It went to number 26 in the United Kingdom.
Charles Floquet

**Charles Thomas Floquet** (2 October 1828 – 18 January 1896), was a French lawyer and statesman who served as Prime Minister of France from 1888 to 1889.
Mount Elbert

**Mount Elbert** is a mountain in the state of Colorado in the United States. It is about 14,427 feet (4397m) high. Weather in the Rocky Mountains can be harsh and change quickly. In the summer, there are often afternoon thunderstorms. It can snow all year, even in July or August, but Mount Elbert does not have snowpack all year.

The low areas of Mount Elbert are forested and have many kinds of trees, such as pine, spruce, aspen, and fir.  Because Mount Elbert is very tall, the top of the mountain is an alpine environment. Alpine environments are cold and windy, and trees cannot grow in them.

Some of the animals that live on Mount Elbert are black bears, marmots, mule deer, pikas, and pocket gophers. There are also many species of birds. Elk, grouse, turkey, and bighorn sheep also live on Mount Elbert in the summer.

## Climbing
Climbing Mount Elbert does not need special rock climbing or mountaineering equipment. Fit persons can hike (walk) to the top of the mountain. Because of this, Mount Elbert is often called the "gentle giant" of the Rocky Mountains. But climbing Mount Elbert can be dangerous, because it is very tall. People can get altitude sickness. In winter, there is danger of avalanches.

## References
Cal Brunker

**Callan Stuart "Cal" Brunker** (born November 16, 1988) is a Canadian animator, storyboard artist, screenwriter, and movie director.

## Filmography 
### Movies 
### Television 
## Related pages 
* Bob Barlen

## References 
## Other websites 
* 
* 
* Cal Brunker's Twitter
Indo-Turkic people

Indo-Turks in Turkey or in Turkish: ("Hint asıllı Türkler"), are the descendant of Muslim Indian-Merchant's of the Middle class who's Ancestors once came in weaves from British India arround 1750-1857, especially after the fall of the Mughal Empire like the Indian Rebellion of 1857 and Murree rebellion of 1857, also again from 1876-1924 and settled in the Ottoman Empire and Turkey. 
There was several Muslim Indian Soldiers and Doctors who went from India to the Ottoman Empire at the time of Balkan Wars and World War I. The most prominent person of them was Abdurrahman Peshawari a Hero in the Turkey's War of Independence. 

Indo Turks, today speak Turkish language and fully assimilated in the Turkish culture, but are often mistakenly thought to be Roma people. Indo-Turkic relations traces back to Medival Times.

## References
Gürdal Tosun

**Gürdal Tosun** (14 March 1967 – 30 August 2000) was a Turkish actor and voice actor. After being rejected from drama school, Tosun sold tickets at a local theatre before studying at Mimar Sinan Fine Arts University. He later appeared in films, television shows, stage productions but he was best known for playing Tombalak in *Bir Demet Tiyatro*. He also gave his voice to the Turkish dubbings of Disney films such as *The Lion King*, *Hercules* and the first two *Toy Story* films.

On 30 August 2000, Tosun died of kidney failure resulting in a bowel obstruction, aged 33. He was buried at Zincirlikuyu Cemetery with his father Necdet Tosun, who was also an actor. His older brother Erdal Tosun, who was also an actor, would later be buried with them.

## References
## Other websites
*
Colson Smith

**Colson John Smith** (born 13 August 1998) is an English actor. He is known for portraying the role of Craig Tinker on the ITV longest-running soap opera *Coronation Street*. In 2022, he competed on the ITV reality series *The Games*.
Murders of Abigail Williams and Liberty German

On February 14, 2017, the bodies of **Abigail Williams** (June 23, 2003 – February 13, 2017) and **Liberty German** (December 27, 2002 – February 13, 2017) were discovered near the Monon High Bridge Trail, which is part of the Delphi Historic Trails in Delphi, Indiana, United States, after the young girls had disappeared from the same trail the previous day. 

The murders have received significant media coverage because a video and audio recording of an individual believed to be the girls' killer were found on German's smartphone. Despite thousands of tips that have been sent to the police and the circulation of the recordings of the suspect, no arrest in the case has been made.
Nans, Doubs

**Nans** is a commune in the Doubs department in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region in eastern France.

## Geography
Nans lies  from Rougemont at the foot of a high, horseshoe-shaped cliff.

## Population
## Related pages
* Communes of the Doubs department

## References
## Other websites
* Nans on the intercommunal Web site of the department
Coleen Nolan

**Coleen Patricia Nolan** (born 12 March 1965) is an English singer, television presenter, and author. She was a member of the sister group The Nolans from 1980 to 1994. Since 2000, Nolan has been a regular panelist on the ITV lunchtime talk show *Loose Women*.
## Works
From 2001 to 2002, Nolan co-presented the ITV daytime show *This Morning*. She then later returned to the show from 2010 to 2012 as a presenter. In 2009, she competed in the fourth series of the ITV dancing show *Dancing on Ice*. She finished in fourth place. In 2012, Nolan appeared in the tenth series of the Channel 5 reality series *Celebrity Big Brother*, finishing as runner-up. She returned to *Celebrity Big Brother* in 2017 and won the nineteenth series.
Gloria Hunniford

**Mary Winifred Gloria Hunniford**  (born 10 April 1940) is a Northern Irish television and radio presenter, broadcaster and singer. 

She is known as an anchor on *Rip Off Britain* and  *Loose Women*. She was a reporter on *This Morning* and *The One Show* with all programmes on one of the BBC and ITV channels. She also had a singing career between the 1960s and 1980s.
Jean Colmer

**Jean Colmer** was a British foil fencer from London. She was fencer in the early 20th-century, in the era women's fencing was becoming an establish sport. She was a fencer at the Queen Alexandra House Gymnasium and was trained by misses Bear.

## Career
Colmer competed at a main international women's tournament in 1913, the 1913 Alfred Hutton Memorial Challenge Cup. Colmer was described as "the star" of the competition. With only losing one match in the elimination round and two matches in the semi-final, she reached the final. During the final matches she was the only fencer who beated Alice Walker. She won against her with 5-3. It seemed for a long time that she would win the tournament, however Colmer also lost one match. After barrage Walker became the overall winner with Colmer taking the second place. Colmer was described as the "star" of the evening. However, in the end Colmer was not able to participate.

### Fencing style
The fencing style of Colmer have been described as having an excellent guard, an excellent judgment and being quick to attack.

## References
Trevor Rees-Jones (bodyguard)

**Trevor Rees-Jones** (known as **Trevor Rees**; born 3 March 1968) was a German-British bodyguard of Diana, Princess of Wales. He was the sole survivor of the car crash in Paris that killed her in 1997. Due to a serious head injury, he has no memory of any details of the accident.

Some media reports claimed that he was wearing a seat belt and survived, but investigations indicate that none of the car's occupants were wearing seat belts.
Ishq Pashmina

***Ishq Pashmina*** is an Indian romantic movie. It stars Bhavin Bhanushali, Zarina Wahab, Malti Chahar and Brijendra Kala. Written and directed by Arvind Pandey.

## Cast 
* Bhavin Bhanushali
* Zarina Wahab
* Malti Chahar
* Brijendra Kala
* Kainat Arora
* Gaurika Mishra
* Vijay Mishra
* Yash Chaurasia
* Vikram Sharma
* Ashna Soni

## References 
## Other websites
*
1918–19 Austrian Cup

The **1918–19 Austrian Cup** was the national cup in Austrian football. It was the first competition with obligation for participation of all teams in the 1st class. Therefore it was the first official cup competition in Austrian football history. The competition was carried out by the Niederösterreichischer Fußballverband.

In the event of a tie an extension of 2 x 15 minutes was played, then a drawing of lots. Semifinal matches and the final match were played on neutral pitches with revenue sharing.

## Qualification 2nd round
*First round with teams from the Second league

## Third round
## Quarter-finals
## Semi-finals
## Final
**SK Rapid Wienː**Karoly Nemes -Vinzenz Dittrich - Franz Schediwy - Gustav Putzendopler - Josef Brandstetter - Leopold Nitsch - Eduard Bauer - Josef Uridil - Richard Kuthan - Ferdinand Swatosch - Gustav Wieser Coachː Dionys Schönecker

**Wiener Sport-Clubː** Hans Sindermann - Josef Teufel - Richard Beer - Karl Jordan - Franz Lowak - Rudolf Ranftl - Rudolf Merz - Adolf Patek - Wilhelm Schmieger - Johann Kanhäuser - Johann Strnad  Coacɦː Wilhelm Schmieger

## Top goalscorers
## References
Marty Friedman

**Marty Friedman** (born December 8th, 1962) is an American guitarist. He is best known for being the main guitarist for thrash metal band Megadeth from 1990 to 2000. He is also known for playing with Jason Becker in the band Cacophony from 1986 to 1989. He has made 13 of his own albums, and gone on many tours. Since 2003, Friedman has lived in Tokyo, Japan, and has been on over 700 Japanese television shows.

## References
Declan Donnelly

**Declan Joseph Oliver Donnelly** (born 25 September 1975) is a British television presenter, television producer, former singer, rapper, comedian and actor. He is best known for working alongside Ant McPartlin as part of the presenting duo Ant & Dec. 

## Works
He is best known for working with Ant McPartlin as part of the hosting duo Ant & Dec. Donnelly rose to fame alongside McPartlin on the children's drama series Byker Grove. Both men established successful careers as television hosts. They are best known for hosting SMTV Live (between 1998 and 2001), I'm A Celebrity... Get Me Out Of Here!, Ant & Dec's Saturday Night Takeaway (since 2002), and Britain's Got Talent (since 2007), I'm a Celebrity...South Africa (since 2023)

Other notable highlights include hosting *PokerFace*, *Push the Button*, *Pop Idol* and *Red or Black?*. He and McPartlin have been hosts of charity appeal *Text Santa* (between 2011 and 2014). They also performed as pop music duo PJ & Duncan.

In 2023, he announced alongside McPartlin that there are creating a new version of Byker Grove called Byker

## References
1996 African Cup of Nations final

The **1996 African Cup of Nations Final** was a football match. It took place on 3 February 1996 at the FNB Stadium in Johannesburg, South Africa.

## Route to the final
| style="background:#c1e0ff;"|Final standings
| colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"|

|-  style="vertical-align:top; background:#c1e0ff;"
|Opponent
|Result
||Knockout stage
|Opponent
|Result
|-
|align=left|
|2–1
| style="background:#c1e0ff;"|Quarterfinals
|align=left|
|1–1 (aet) (1–4 pen.)
|-
|align=left|
|3–0
| style="background:#c1e0ff;"|Semifinals
|align=left|
|4–2
|}

## Match
### Details
|valign="top"|
|valign="top" width="50%"|

|}

## References
## Other websites
*Final match details - *worldfootball.net*  *11v11.com*
*Qualifications details - *rsssf*
Pegmatite

crystals]]

A **pegmatite** is an igneous rock with a very rough texture, which has large interlocking crystals that are usually bigger than  and sometimes bigger than .

Many of the world's largest crystals are found in pegmatites. These include crystals of quartz, mica, beryl, and tourmaline. Some of these crystals are over  long.

## Etymology
The word *pegmatite* comes from the Homeric Greek word, πήγνυμι (*pēgnymi*), which means “to bind together." This refers to the interlocked crystals in the rock's texture.

## References
You Can Make History (Young Again)

"**You Can Make History (Young Again)**" is a 1996 song by Elton John. It was taken from his compilation album *Love Songs*. It went to number 19 in Canada and number 70 in the United States.

## References
Naberezhnye Chelny

**Naberezhnye Chelny** (;  IPA: [ˈjar ɕɑlːɤ̆]) is the second largest city in the Republic of Tatarstan, Russia. It is a major industrial center. Naberezhnye Chelny is on the Kama River and is 225 kilometers (140 miles) east of Kazan. The city was named **Brezhnev** until 1988.

The population of the city over the years was: 

## History 
Naberezhnye Chelny was granted town status on August 10, 1930, and was named **Brezhnev** (after Leonid Brezhnev) from 1982 to 1988.

The city of Naberezhnye Chelny was one of the centers of the Udmurt Jews, who spoke Udmurtish Yiddish.

## Economy 
Kamaz and ZMA trucks are produced in Naberezhnye Chelny. The city is one of the largest planned cities in the world related to vehicles. With more than  for production, the Kamaz plant is the largest vehicle factory in the world.

## Transportation 
Naberezhnye Chelny is a major transportation hub in Russia. It houses major railways, roadways, and airports. Its location on the Kama River gives it the status of an important port as well.

## Culture 
Alkonost, a Russian doom-folk metal band, was formed in Naberezhnye Chelny in 1995.

## Sports 
FC KAMAZ Naberezhnye Chelny is an association football club based in Naberezhnye Chelny, playing in the Russian Second Division.

## Gallery 

File:Kamaz 2.JPG|The production building of Kamaz
File:Naberezhnye Tchelny 1.JPG|View from the hotel Tatarstan
File:Энтузиастлар бульвары.jpg|View of Naberezhnye Chelny

## Sister cities 
*  Liaocheng, China (since 2009)

## References
Dirk Verbeuren

**Dirk Verbeuren** (born January 8th, 1975) is a Belgian drummer. He is currently the drummer of American thrash metal band Megadeth. In the past, he was a member of Swedish death metal band Soilwork.

Verbeuren made five studio albums and a live music DVD with Soilwork. He played with them in Europe, the United States, Canada, Japan, and other countries between 2004 and 2016. In 2016, Verbeuren left Soilwork to join Megadeth.

## Personal life 
Verbeuren is a vegan.

## References
Snowpack

in Alaska to measure snowpack]]
**Snowpack** is snow that has built up over time in an area. It is made of layers of snow that collect in geographic areas and at high elevations, where it is cold for large parts of the year. Snowpacks feed streams and rivers when they melt and are important water resources. In many communities, snowpack is the main source of drinking water. When snowpack melts quickly, it can cause flash flooding.

Understanding snowpacks is important in the study and prediction of avalanches.

## References
Me at the zoo

**Me at the zoo** is the first YouTube video. It was uploaded on 23 April 2005, under the username "jawed" by Jawed Karim, one of the founders of YouTube. The 19-second video was recorded by Yakov Lapitsky.

The video showcases his explanation of elephants at the San Diego Zoo. 

## Text
## References
1994 African Cup of Nations Final

The **1994 African Cup of Nations Final** was a football match. It took place on 10 April 1994. It was the final match of the 19th edition of the Africa Cup of Nations. It was played in the Stade El Menzah in Tunis, Tunisia. Nigeria won its second championship.

## Road to the final
## Match
### Details
|valign="top"|
|valign="top" width="50%"|

|}

## Other websites
*Final match details - *worldfootball.net*  *11v11.com*
*Qualifications details - *rsssf*
The Essential Earth, Wind & Fire

***The Essential Earth, Wind & Fire*** is a greatest hits album by R&B act Earth, Wind & Fire and was released on 30 July, 2002 through Columbia/Legacy.

## Track listing
### 2014 reissue
## References