open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Potyvirus

***Potyvirus*** or **potyviruses** are a genus of viruses in the family Potyviridae.  They make plants sick.  There are 183 species in this genus including the type species Potato virus Y. The genus is named after potato virus Y.

Scientists think the first potyvirus existed 15,000 to 30,000 years ago and lived in grass.

## References
Cable internet

]]
**Cable** is a way to provide internet services to homes and businesses through a coaxial cable. Because cable internet uses existing cable TV wires, it can service large areas without building new wires, especially in the United States.

## Modem 
When you subscribe to cable internet service they will send you a modem, the modem is like a translator, taking an analog signal and turning it into a digital signal that your computer can understand.

## Speed 
What speeds you will get depends on many things, such as the company or the speed package you subscribe to, but the general rule is, cable internet has a maximum speed of 1000 megabits per second.

## Phone service 
Cable internet can also carry phone calls through the internet, this is called VoIP which stands for 'Voice over Internet protocol' this is, however different than calls over a smart phone.

## Cable internet providers 
Major internet providers in the United States are: Charter Communications, Comcast, Cox, Mediacom, and Suddenlink.
Another Round (movie)

***Another Round*** (, "binge drinking") is a 2020 Danish Dutch Swedish comedy-drama movie directed by Thomas Vinterberg and starring Mads Mikkelsen, Thomas Bo Larsen, Magnus Millang, Lars Ranthe, Susse Wold, Maria Bonnevie. It was nominated for 2 Oscars and won an Academy Award in 2021. It is set to be remade into an American version with Leonardo DiCaprio starring and Jim Jarmusch directing.

## Other websites
*
Wembley, Western Australia

**Wembley** is a western suburb of Perth, Western Australia in the Town of Cambridge. Its postcode is 6014.

## References
Burgkirchen an der Alz

**Burgkirchen an der Alz** (Bavarian: *Buagkiacha a da Oiz*) is a municipality in Altötting, a district (*Landkreis*) in Upper Bavaria.

## References
Shoalhaven

**Shoalhaven** is a local government area in the south-eastern coastal region of New South Wales, Australia.

## References
Emmerting

**Emmerting** is a municipality in Altötting in Bavaria in Germany and member of the administrative association of the same name.

## Geography 
### Geographical Place 
Emmerting is in the southeast of Upper Bavaria.

### Structure 
Emmerting is divided into four parts: 
* Bruck
* Oberemmerting
* Seng
* Unteremmerting

There are also the subdistricts Altöttinger Forst, Alzgerner Forst, Emmerting and Holzfelder Forst.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Homepage der Gemeinde
* 
*
Reischach

**Reischach** (Bavarian: *Reischoch*) is a municipality in Altötting, a district *(Landkreis)* in Upper Bavaria.

## References
Bombala, New South Wales

**Bombala** is a town in the Monaro region of south-eastern New South Wales, Australia. At the , 1,387 people lived there.

## References
2021 Baghdad hospital fire

On the night of 24 to 25 April 2021, a fire at the Ibn al-Khatib hospital in Baghdad, Iraq, left at least 82 people dead and 110 others injured. 

The fire was started by the explosion of oxygen tanks meant for COVID-19 patients. There was a lack of fire detection systems which caused the fire to grow. Many of the COVID patients died as a result of being taken off their ventilators to help them escape the fire. 

## References
Mars Oxygen ISRU Experiment

The **Mars Oxygen In-Situ Resource Utilization Experiment** (**MOXIE**) is a technoligical experiment from NASA using the NASA Mars 2020 rover *Perseverance* trying to find out if oxygen can be created on Mars by using carbon dioxide. 

On April 20, 2021, MOXIE produced oxygen from carbon dioxide in the Martian atmosphere by using solid oxide electrolysis. This was the first experimental extraction of a natural resource from another planet for human use. 

The technology may help a possible human mission to the planet to provide breathable oxygen.

## References
Family (2001 Dutch movie)

***Family*** () is a 2001 Dutch drama movie directed by Willem van de Sande Bakhuyzen and was based on the play by Maria Goos. It stars Petra Laseur, Marisa van Eyle, Bram van der Vlugt, Anneke Bok, Mark Rietman.

## Other websites
*
Human mission to Mars

A **human mission to Mars** has been seen in science fiction since the 1880s, and of aerospace engineering and scientific proposals since the late 1940s. 

Plans include landing on Mars for exploration at a minimum, with some thinking about exploring its moons Phobos and Deimos.

Long term proposals have included sending settlers and starting terraforming the planet.

The exploration of Mars has been a goal of national space programs for many years with planned missions typically being stated as taking place anywhere between 10 and 30 years.

Plans for a human mission to Mars may include a small group (between two and eight astronauts) would visit Mars for a period of a few weeks or year.

Landed spacecraft on the surface of Mars are: *Mars 3*, *Viking 1*, *Viking 2*, *Mars Pathfinder* and *Sojourner*, *Spirit*, *Opportunity*, *Phoenix*, *Curiosity*, *InSight*, *Beagle2* and *Perseverance*.

In April 2021, the Mars Oxygen ISRU Experiment was able to create oxygen in the Martian atmosphere by using carbon dioxide. Many believe this is the first step for a human mission to Mars as it will help humans create breathable oxygen.

## References
Vela

Vela is a constellation in the southern sky. Its name is Latin the sails of a ship.  It is specifically supposed to be the ship Argo from the myth of Jason and the Golden Fleece. It is part the constellation Argo Navis, which also has the Carina for keel and Puppis for the ship's stern.

## References
Tropic of Emerald

***Tropic of Emerald*** or ***De gordel van smaragd*** is a 1997 Belgian Indonesian Dutch drama movie directed by Orlow Seunke and starring Pierre Bokma, Esmée de la Bretonière, Christine Hakim, Bram van der Vlugt, Frans Tumbuan, Piet Kamerman.

## Other websites
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Pastorale 1943

***Pastorale 1943*** is a 1978 Dutch World War II drama movie directed by Wim Verstappen and was based on the novel by Simon Vestdijk. It stars Frederik de Groot, Leen Jongewaard, Coen Flink, Sacco van der Made, Hein Boele, Bram van der Vlugt, Rutger Hauer, Bernard Droog.

## Other websites
*
Petite bourgeoisie

In Marxism, the **petite bourgeoisie** (or **petty bourgeoisie**) is the social class made up of small merchants and peasants who own land. The term comes from French and means "small bourgeoisie". Unlike the bourgeoisie, they do not own the means of production. However, they try to be like the bourgeoisie.

## References
Badrinath Ki Dulhania

***Badrinath Ki Dulhania*** () is a 2017 Indian Hindi-language romantic comedy movie.

It was written and directed by Shashank Khaitan and produced by Hiroo Yash Johar, Karan Johar and Apoorva Mehta under the Dharma Productions banner. This film is a sequel of the film *Humpty Sharma Ki Dulhania*, which was released in 2014, although it was not related.

It stars Varun Dhawan and Alia Bhatt in the lead roles with Aakanksha Singh, Rituraj Singh, Yash Sinha, Shweta Basu Prasad, Gaurav Pandey, Aparshakti Khurana, Sahil Vaid and Swanand Kirkire in supporting roles.

*Badrinath Ki Dulhania* was the third time Dhawan and Bhatt acted together after their previous movies *Student of the Year* (2012) and *Humpty Sharma Ki Dulhania* (2014).

The film was theatrically released in India on 10 March 2017, coinciding with the Holi weekend. 

The movie received positive reviews and was commercially successful at the box office, and earned over 1.90 billion globally at the box office.

## Cast 
* Varun Dhawan as Badrinath "Badri" Bansal
* Alia Bhatt as Vaidehi Trivedi
* Rituraj Singh as Ambarnath "Ambar" Bansal, Badri's father
* Yash Sinha as Aloknath "Alok" Bansal, Badri's brother
* Shweta Basu Prasad as Urmila Shukla Bansal, Alok's wife
* Swanand Kirkire as Mayank Trivedi, Vaidehi's father
* Kanupriya Pandit as Manasvi Trivedi, Vaidehi's mother
* Sahil Vaid as Somdev Mishra, Badri's best friend
* Sukhmani Lamba as Kritika Mishra [née Trivedi], Bhushan’s wife
* Aparshakti Khurana as Bhushan Mishra, Kritika's Husband
* Rajendra Sethi as Jitendra Mishra, Bhushan's father
* Aakanksha Singh as Kiran Kakkar, Vaidehi's friend in Singapore
* Gaurav Pandey as Gurmeet Singh Lamba, Vaidehi's friend in Singapore and Lamba's girlfriend
* Gauahar Khan as Laxmi Shankar, a cop in Singapore
* Atul Narang as Sagar

## References
Workers of the world, unite!

**"Workers of the world, unite!"** is a slogan from *The Communist Manifesto*. It means that the working class should work together to get rid of capitalism and win the class war.

## History 
The original phrase in German was **"Proletarians of all countries, unite!"**.

## In other languages 
This slogan was used as a motto by many communist and socialist states during the Cold War.

### Motto of the Soviet Union 
In each Soviet republic, the same motto was used in the local language.

### Motto of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia 
### Motto of other countries 
## References
Black bloc

**Black bloc** is a protest strategy where people wear black clothes and cover up their faces. This helps them to not be recognized and to avoid pepper spray in their eyes.

## Overview 
People who do black bloc wear black clothes and shoes. Usually they wear matching clothes to blend in better in a crowd. They may also wear sunglasses to protect their eyes. To cover up their faces, they might wear hoodies, ski masks, and motorcycle helmets.

## History 
Black bloc was developed by leftists in West Germany in the 1980s.  The idea became famous in Seattle, Washington in the United States in the 1990s in protests against the World Trade Organization.

## Purpose 
The purpose of black bloc is to not be recognized by the police and security cameras. This is because people wearing black bloc may do things that are considered wrong or illegal according to the people in power. Some of these things include rioting, vandalism, and protesting without a permit.
## References
Central Bank of Nigeria

The **Central Bank For Nigeria (CBN)** is the apex bank and the highest monetary authority for Nigeria. It was created by the CBN Act of 1958. The bank started operations on July 1, 1959.

## History 
The bank was created Under the leadership of G.D Paton. It was established by the colonial administration to investigate banking practices in Nigeria. Before the inquiry, the banking industry was largely uncontrolled. The G.D Paton report, an offshoot of the inquiry became the cornerstone for the first banking legislation in the country: the banking ordinance of 1952. The ordinance was designed to prevent non viable banks from mushrooming, and to ensure orderly commercial banking. The Central Bank of Nigeria has blue color on its office building at different branches for Nigeria.

### Governors
Here are the list for Governors of the Central Bank For Nigeria:

## References
Teenjurey View Point

**Teenjurey** also spelled as **Tinjurey**  is a hill in the Indian state of Sikkim. It is the highest point of Fambong Lho Wildlife Sanctuary at an altitude of  . It is located in the East Sikkim district of the Sikkim.  The word Tinjurey or Teenjurey comes from the Nepali language t*een* meaning "three" and *jurey* meaning "the crest of a hill". At the top, the hill forms into three peaks.

## Trekking 
Tinjurey is one of the most common and popular hiking trails in the district. The trail begins at the Golitar base camp, which is about  from the capital, Gangtok. It is about  long. It takes up about 3 hours time to reach the top. At the top of the trail is a watch tower with a scenic view of the town of Gangtok as well as Teesta Valley  https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/darjeeling-unrest-3-crpf-men-wounded-in-mob-attack-in-teesta-valley/story-Kor7z7vMEyDfgMzFydRKvL.html  from one side and on the other the Kangchenjunga peak can also be seen. It is the third highest mountain in the world with an elevation of .

## Biodiversity 
There is no human settlement in Teenjurey. There are only a small number of log houses which are used to host tourists. The area has a large amount of biodiversity. There are many different types of plants and animals. The forest has many different types of trees. These include magnolia, pine, bamboo and rhododendron. Rohodendron is the state flower of Sikkim There are also a number of endangered animals such as barking deers, leopards, red panda, hill partridge, Himalayan brown bear and satyr tragopan.

## References 
## Other websites 
*
Tandoor

A **tandoor** is a cylindrical vertical clay or metal oven used in baking. It has been known to be used in some cuisines such as India.

## References
Babatunde Elegbede

**Muftau Adegoke Babatunde "Tunde" Elegbede** (c. 1939 – 19 June 1994) was Chief of Nigeria's Defence Intelligence Agency from July 1986 to January 1990 and Military Governor of Cross River State, Nigeria. 

## References
Nigerian Navy

The **Nigerian Navy** (**NN**) is a branch of the Nigerian Armed Forces. It is the largest navies on the African continent, consisting of numerous thousand personnel, including those of the Coast Guard.

## History 
The Nigerian Navy originated from the Nigerian Marine. Southern Nigerian Marine was formed in 1893. A Northern Nigeria Marine was formed in 1900. They merged in 1900.

## Structure 
The NN currently has 9 Branches at the Naval Headquarters, 5 commands and a number of autonomous units.

The 5 commands are made up of 3 operational commands: 

* Western Naval Command
* Central Naval Command 
* Eastern Naval Command 

There is also Training and Logistics Commands.

The Special Boat Service is a special operations unit of the Nigerian Navy. 

## Nigerian Navy ships 
Nigerian Navy ships has four main departments: operations, marine engineering, weapon engineering, and logistics.

## References
Wage slavery

**Wage slavery** is a situation where the pay a person receives for work is so low it barely or doesn't cover their expenses. The worker's wages are used up to pay for their basic needs, and they are unable to earn more. This person then doesn't have any money left to save, or for the expenses of an emergency. 

Wage slavery is caused when bosses have more power than their employees and pay them very little money. The term "wage slavery" is used by Marxists and other people who do not like capitalism. 

## References
Aliyu Mai-Bornu

**Aliyu Mai-Bornu** (1919 – 23 February 1970) was the first indigenous Governor of the Central Bank of Nigeria.

## Early life and education 
Mai-Bornu was born in Gongola now Yola. Mai-Bornu attended Yola Elementary School, Yola Middle School, and was went to Kaduna College where he graduated in as an English language teacher. He started his teaching career at Yola Middle School  before going to work at Kaduna College and soon joined the Northern Teachers Association. He returned to Yola as deputy headmaster of the Yola Middle School and later left Yola to be a House Tutor at the Veterinary School in Vom for five months. He earned a government scholarship to travel abroad and studied Economics at Bristol University in the United Kingdom.

## References
Ejipura

**Ejipura** is a small sized neighbourhood that is located in southeast Bangalore, Karnataka, India. It is a compact neighbourhood that houses many areas of residence, schools, parks, provision stores and other recreational facilities. It is neighboured by other residential areas like Viveknagar, Koramangala, Adugodi and Madiwala.   

The locality is known for its narrow roads and high slum population. It is also well known for the eviction of over 5,000 people who were a part of the Economically Weaker Section (EWS) of Ejipura, in order to build way for a shopping mall. 

## History 
Ejipura is a direct extension of Vannarpet, that settled towards the East of Bangalore. Earlier, it was often known as Equestrian Grounds Puram, which later became E.G Puram. It was initially a colony that was situated next to the Equestrian Grounds that had been used by the army. The grounds were used by several workers who looked after the horses and their stables.

## Community 
Ejipura houses a big community of Kshatriyas and Balijas who were settlers from pre-independence era but also houses people from the North East  and other Eastern cities like Bihar.

## EWS Eviction 
During the start of the year 2005, BBMP had passed a decision which provided housing and residence on the same piece of land for the people residing in Ejipura. In early 2006, the BBMP had then issued for a rights/identification certificate to the residents of the locality. However, a Public Private Partnership between the BBMP and Maveric Holdings had come into contract and was signed in order to develop the same piece of land that was given to the EWS. 

As a section of the joint development agreement, it was said that half of the land was then to be used in order to construct 1,512 EWS apartments. The other half of it was to be used by Maverick Holdings Corporation in order to build a mall. The eviction of residents had been stalled several times, even after several rights groups had staged protests, alleging that the projects seemed like a land scam. The citizen groups and protestors had accused the BBMP of constructing just 1,512 houses and residences within a site that could host up to 3,000 houses, by choosing to split the land equally with a private builder.
Following directions of the Court order, the private builder, Maverick Holdings, alleges to have given a remuneration amount of Rs. 30,000 to families who had been evicted from the land. After this, an arrangement the government and Maverick had met half way and decided to build houses for the residents who took to the streets for shelter.

The project did commence only until recently. Due to the setbacks in starting the work, a group of original residents had filed a petition of contempt in the High Court, which questioned the delay in project commencement. Due to this, the court had requested that the Principal Secretary of the Urban Development Department (UDD) observe the happenings of the project and to submit a report to them. After having acquired the plan for the sanction to the EWS housing, the builders commenced the work in the year 2017. 

## References
Defence Colony Bangalore

**Defence Colony** is a residential locality within the larger neighbourhood of Indiranagar in Bangalore, Karnataka, India. It is bordered by three of Indiranagar's main roads 100 feet road, 80 feet Road and Chinmaya Mission Hospital (CMH) road. The locality is a mixture of apartments and independent houses. Originally a settlement for defence veterans, today it is one of the most expensive localities in Bangalore. 

## History 
Defence Colony was originally a settlement of defence veterans started in the 1970s. The government allotted land to high ranking retired defence officers here.  It was a sparse collection of Large Bungalows. At the time Indiranagar was a suburb, far outside Bangalore city. The Information Technology boom in the 1990s led to the rapid development of the neighbourhood, transforming Indiranagar into an upscale area. With increasing commercialisation of the surrounding areas, demand to live in this neighbourhood grew. As a result, property prices in Defence Colony rose over the years. Many of the owners sold their property to builders who put up apartments or developed it into apartments themselves. Today Defence Colony is largely made up of apartments. 

## Transport 
Defence Colony is located only a few minutes away from the Indiranagar Metro Station. Auto Rickshaws are easily available on the main roads bordering the colony. There are also three bus stops nearby. One of 100 ft road at 6th main, and two on CMH road at Indiranagar police station and Chinmaya Mission Hospital.  

## Community 
### Residents Welfare Association 
Defence Colony has a very active Residents Welfare Association. **The Defence Colony Residents Association** or **DECORA** is a voluntary association that looks after the interests of the residents of the colony. The association acts as a method for collective action by the residents.  While the original function was to guard against illegal encroachment, the association also looks after civic amenities, residents welfare, security and communicates with local authorities to solve issues faced by residents. They have enforced zoning norms by shutting down 15 commercial establishments in the locality and protected two neighbourhood parks from encroachment. 

### Crime 
the incidents of street crime has been increasing over the years especially during the night. Defence Colony and surrounding areas suffers from a high rate of street crime with incidences of chain snatching, harassment and robbery reported regularly. 

### Recreation 
100 feet road (that borders Defence Colony) is full of restaurants, pubs and high end retail shops.  Within the Colony there are three parks, a children's park, a walking park and a senior citizens park, as well as a large open field. Opposite it is the walking park, which has a paved walking path surrounded by lots of trees, grass and other plants. The senior citizens park is a smaller version of the walking park exclusively for senior citizens.  

## References
Peoples Democratic Party (Nigeria)

The **Peoples Democratic Party** (PDP) is one of the oppositional political party in Nigeria that ruled for 16 years. 

## Biography 
In 1998, the PDP held its first presidential primary election held in Jos, Plateau State, North Central part of Nigeria. They nominated former military leader Olusegun Obasanjo who had just been released from detention as political prisoner as the presidential candidate in the elections of February 1999. Atiku Abubakar (Governor-Elect of Adamawa State and a former leading member of the Social Democratic Party) was his running mate. They won the presidential election and were inaugurated on 29 May 1999.

## References
Bukola Saraki

**Olubukola Abubakar Saraki**, MBBS, CON (born 19 December 1962) is a Nigerian politician and was the 13th President of the Senate of Nigeria from 2015 to 2019 and Chair of the 8th Nigeria National Assembly. He was the Governor of Kwara State from 2003 to 2011; and was elected to the Senate in 2011, under the Peoples Democratic Party.

## Education 
Saraki was educated at King's College, Lagos, where he graduated in 1978. He attended Cheltenham College, a public boarding school in the United Kingdom. He then proceeded to London Hospital Medical College of the University of London where he received a Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery (MBBS).

## Career 
Saraki began his career as a medical officer at Rush Green Hospital, Essex. He was a director of Société Générale Bank (Nig) Ltd. In 2000, President Olusegun Obasanjo appointed Saraki as Special Assistant to the President on Budget.

## References
Salyut 1

**Salyut 1** was the first ever space station sent into space. It was launched into orbit in April 1971 by the Soviet Union and stayed in space until October 1971. During its time in space, it was visited by two spacecraft with crews. The purpose of Salyut 1 was to learn and test how a space station worked. A second goal was to find out how being in space a long time affected the human body. It had a number of problems, but a lot was learned from it that helped with future stations. 

The station was at first part of the Almaz program, to make a secret military station in space. On 16 February 1970 it was decided to make it civilian instead.  The Soviet space program gave the name **DOS** to the program. That is an abbreviation of the Russian "Dolgovremennaya Orbitalnaya Stanziya" which in English means "Long Term Orbital Station". The first station was called DOS-1 by the people working on the space program. To the public, it was going to be called Zarya, but was changed to Salyut before launch. Salyut is the Russian word for  and was given to honor Yuri Gagarin.

The station was shaped like a cylinder and had four areas. Besides these, the station had four solar panels. No other spacecraft visited the station. Salyut 1 was de-orbited (removed from space) on 11 October 1971.

Soyuz 1 was followed by the Salyut 2 station, which failed.

## References
Federal Mortgage Bank of Nigeria

**The Federal Mortgage Bank of Nigeria** was founded by the Federal Government of Nigeria in 1973. It replaced the Nigerian Building Society which was founded in 1956. The main purpose of this bank is to build houses. According to the constitution of Nigeria, the Federal Mortgage Bank was established to meet the housing needs of all citizens of the country.

## References
Clement Isong

**Clement Nyong Isong**, CFR (20 April 1920 – 29 May 2000) was a Nigerian banker and politician who was governor of the Central Bank of Nigeria when General Yakubu Gowon ruled Nigeria.

## Education 
Isong studied at University College, Ibadan, Iowa Wesleyan College, Mount Pleasant, Iowa, and the Harvard Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, where he obtained a Ph.D. in Economics. He taught economics in the University of Ibadan before joining the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) and later becoming director of research. 

## References
Femi Gbajabiamila

**Olufemi Hakeem Gbajabiamila** (born 25 June 1962), is a Nigerian lawyer and current Speaker of Nigeria's 9th House of Representatives.

## Education 
Gbajabiamila holds Bachelor of Law (LL.B.) with honors in 1983 and was called to the Nigerian bar in 1984.

## References
Names of the Supreme God in Meitei religion

In Sanamahism (Meitei religion), Atingkok, the Supreme God is known with 1000 names as mentioned in multiple Meitei scriptures. Unlike other faiths, in Meitei paganism, the Supreme God, himself, is the Creator of the Universe as well as the King of the Heaven. He is also the God of the Sky. He is the one who controls weather, rain, thunder and lightning.

## References
Charles Chukwuma Soludo

**Charles Chukwuma Soludo**, CFR (born 28 July 1960) is a Nigerian professor of economics and politician serving as the current governor of Anambra State. He was the former governor of Central Bank of Nigeria.  

 

On November 9, 2021, Soludo, representing the All Progressives Grande Alliance, was declared the winner of the election for governor of Anambra state in 2021, defeating his closest rivals from the PDP and the APC, Valentine Ozigbo and Emmanuel Nnamdi Uba, respectively.

## Education 
Soludo graduated with a First Class Honours degree in 1984, an MSc Economics in 1987, and a PhD in 1989, winning prizes for the best student at all three levels. He holds three degrees and then professorship at the University of Nigeria in Nsukka, Enugu State.

## References
Turms

**Turms** or **Turm** was a god in Etruscan mythology.  He was a god of boundaries and a messenger to the Underworld.  He was like Hermes in Greek mythology or Mercury to the Romans.

## References
Bobby Deol

**Vijay Singh Deol**, better known as **Bobby Deol** (born January 27, 1969), is an Indian film actor who acts in Hindi films. He won multiple Filmfare Awards and Filmfare Best Actor Awards.

Bobby Deol made his debut in films with *Barsaat* (1995) opposite Twinkle Khanna who also made her debut. He won the Filmfare Best Debut Award for that film. He then acted in several more commercially successful films like *Gupt* (1997), *Badal* (2000), *Bichhoo* (2000), *Apne* (2007) and *Yamla Pagla Deewana* (2011). He especially acted in blockbuster films such as *Soldier* (1998), Ajnabee (2001), and *Humraaz* (2002). He won the Filmfare Best Actor Award for Humraaz. He is famous for such films like *Kareeb* (1998), *Dillagi* (1999), *Ab Tumhare Hawale Watan Saathiyo* (2004), and *Players* (2012).

## References
Blunderbuss

The **Blunderbuss** is a short, muzzleloading smoothbore gun, similar to a musket or carbine but has a bigger barrel designed for multiple pellets to be put in. It is considered to be a precursor to the shotgun. A blunderbuss in handgun shape was called a *dragon* which made way for the word *dragoon*.

## Etymology
The term "blunderbuss" is from the Dutch language, from the Dutch word *donderbuis*, which is a fusion of *donder*, meaning "thunder", and *buis*, meaning "Pipe" (Middle Dutch: *busse*, box, tube, from Late Latin, *buxis*, box, from Ancient Greek *pyxίs* (πυξίς), box: esp. from boxwood).

The evolution from *donder* to *blunder* is thought by few to be done on purpose; the term *blunder* was originally used in a transitive sense, synonymous with *to confuse*, and this is thought to describe the very loud sound of the large-bore, short-barreled blunderbuss. The term *dragon* is taken from detail of older models that were designed with a carving in the shape of a dragon's head around the barrel; the muzzle blast would then give the impression of a fire-breathing dragon.

## References
Frank Kendall III

**Frank Kendall III** (born January 26, 1949) is an American engineer, lawyer, and executive. He was the 26th United States Secretary of the Air Force from 2021 until 2025. From 2012 to 2017 he served as the Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition, Technology, and Logistics in the Barack Obama administration.

In April 2021, President Joe Biden nominated Kendall III to be the United States Secretary of the Air Force. His nomination was confirmed by the United States Senate in July 2021.

## References
International Lunar Research Station

The **International Lunar Research Station (ILRS)** is a planned moon base to be built by Roscosmos (of Russia) and the China National Space Administration. The goal of the ILRS is for scientific experiments and other research. It would also focus on exploration of the moon. Russia and China have invited other countries and organizations to help with the project. They intend to start a long-term presence on the moon between 2036 and 2045. Prior to this many missions will be needed to explore and prepare for a base.

## References
Embodiment theory

**Embodiment theory** is the idea that human thought comes from parts of the body other than the brain and not only from the brain.
## References
Maltipoo

The **maltipoo** is a mix of the dog breeds Maltese and Poodle.

## History 
The Maltese  are believed to have originated from the small island of Malta, located south of Sicily, Italy. Over the centuries, these dogs were loved by royalty, and were considered part of the royal family. The popularity of the Maltese grew steadily and gradually over the years, and they were finally introduced to America in the late 1800s.animalatoz.com 

The Standard Poodle can be traced back to France in the 15th century. These curly-haired dogs were so popular during that time that they became known as the national breed of France. Although it took almost three centuries, poodles began to gain popularity in other countries such as Spain. During the following century, the standard poodle was bred to the size we now label toy and miniature poodles.

Although it is known that the Maltipoo is a new poodle mix, it is not very easy to find the exact place or year that this mixed breed was created. No single person or organization took credit for the first puppy of this new mix.

## Colors 
Many maltipoos are white, but you can find black, brown, and red maltipoos.

## Environment 
Maltipoos should be kept inside, they cannot be outside for too long. They should only be put outside to use the bathroom, play, or exercise.

## Cleaning 
Maltipoos should be given a bath every 3 weeks to a month.

## References
Aashiqui 2

***Aashiqui 2*** () is a 2013 Indian Hindi-language romantic musical drama movie directed by Mohit Suri and produced by Mukesh Bhatt, Bhushan Kumar and Krishan Kumar under the Vishesh Films and T-Series Films, with Mahesh Bhatt serving as presenter. This is a sequel to the 1990 musical movie *Aashiqui* and the movie stars Aditya Roy Kapur and Shraddha Kapoor in the lead roles, with Shaad Randhawa and Mahesh Thakur in supporting roles.

The movie released on 26 April 2013 and opened to positive reviews and the movie became a commercial success at the box-office although there were newcomers, and was one of the highest-grossing Bollywood films of 2013. This movie was a turning point in both Aditya Roy Kapur and Shraddha Kapoor's movie careers.

## Cast 
* Aditya Roy Kapur as Rahul Jaykar
* Shraddha Kapoor as Aarohi Keshav Shirke / Aarohi Rahul Jaykar
* Shaad Randhawa as Vivek
* Mahesh Thakur as Saigal
* Shubhangi Latkar as Aarohi's mother
* Milind Phatak as Keshav Shirke
* Chitrak Bandhopadyay as Salim Bhai
* Mahesh Bhatt as Vikram Jaykar
* Bugs Bhargava as a man drinking in Bar
* Salil Acharya as Aryan
* Soumyajit Majumdar as Kunal Basu
* Aashna Gaikwad as a lyricist
* Ankit Tiwari as a music director

## References
Dear Zindagi

***Dear Zindagi*** () is a 2016 Indian Hindi-language coming-of-age romantic comedy drama movie written and directed by Gauri Shinde. It was produced by Gauri Khan, Karan Johar, and Shinde under the banners of Red Chillies Entertainment, Dharma Productions, and Hope Productions respectively. The film stars Alia Bhatt and Shah Rukh Khan in lead roles, while Ira Dubey, Kunal Kapoor, Angad Bedi, Ali Zafar, Yashaswini Dayama and Rohit Suresh Saraf are playing the supporting roles.

*Dear Zindagi* released worldwide on 25 November 2016 and received positive reviews and was a success at the box office. The audience loved Alia Bhatt and Shah Rukh Khan's performances a lot.

## Cast 
* Alia Bhatt as Kaira
* Shah Rukh Khan as Dr. Jehangir "Jug" Khan
* Ali Zafar as Rumi
* Ira Dubey as Fatima
* Yashaswini Dayama as Jackie
* Gautmik as Ganju
* Yashwant Singh as Kaira's uncle
* Salone Mehta as Kaira's aunt
* Baby Dishita as little Kaira
* Nitika Anand as family friend
* Rohit Suresh Saraf as Kiddo
* Amit Nagraj as little Kiddo
* Aban Deohans as Kaira's mother
* Atul Kale as Kaira's father
* Martha Xavier Fernandes as Kaira's maternal grandmother
* Madhav Vaze as Kaira's maternal grandfather
* Kunal Kapoor as Raghuvendra
* Angad Bedi as Sid
* Ivan Sylvester Rodrigues as vice president of a hotel
* Akanksha Gade as maid Alka
* Aditya Roy Kapur as a furniture dealer (guest appearance)

## References
Taylor's yellow tree frog

The '''Taylor's yellow tree frog'* (*Dendropsophus sartori'') is a frog that lives in Mexico, from Jalisco to Oaxaca.  It lives in forests and wetlands far from the ocean.
## References
Tony Xu

**Tony Xu,** (born 1985 as **Xu Xun**) (Chinese: 徐迅), is a Chinese-American technology executive. He is the co-founder and CEO of DoorDash. Which is an American Company that operate an online food ordering and food delivery platform.
## Education 
Xu has bachelor's degrees in Industrial Engineering and Operations Research from the University of California, Berkeley and an MBA from Stanford Graduate School of Business.

## Career 
Xu began his career at his mom’s restaurant washing dishes where he found the inspiration for a delivery service. He announced that DoorDash's profitability was his top priority.

## References
Andy Fang

**Andy Fang** is a Chinese-American billionaire tech entrepreneur. He is best known as the co-founder and Chief Technology Officer at DoorDash.

## Education 
Fang has a bachelor's degree in Computer Science from Stanford University.

## References
Hotel Transylvania: Transformania

***Hotel Transylvania: Transformania*** (also called ***Hotel Transylvania 4: Transformania***) is a 2022 American computer-animated adventure comedy movie. It was produced by Columbia Pictures and Sony Pictures Animation. It is the sequel to *Hotel Transylvania 3: Summer Vacation*, starring Brian Hull as the voice of Dracula and Selena Gomez as Mavis, Dracula's daughter, and features Asher Blinkoff as Dennis. It released on January 14, 2022. It released on Blu-ray, DVD, and Digital HD on August 15, 2023 by Sony Pictures Home Entertainment.

## Cast
* Brian Hull as Count "Drac" Dracula, the founder of Hotel Transylvania and Mavis' father, Johnny's father-in-law, Vlad's son, and Dennis' maternal grandfather. He was originally voiced by Adam Sandler in the first three films.
* Fran Drescher as Eunice, Frankenstein's wife.
* Keegan-Michael Key as Murray, an ancient mummy.

## References
Eric Yuan

**Eric S. Yuan** (Chinese: 袁征; pinyin: *Yuán Zhēng)* is a Chinese-American businessman, engineer, and the CEO and Founder of Zoom Video Communications.

## Education 
Yuan obtained a bachelor's degree in applied mathematics with a minor in computer application from Shandong University of Science and Technology. He has master's degree in geology engineering from China University of Mining and Technology in Beijing. 

## References
Joe Biden 2024 presidential campaign

The **2024 presidential campaign of Joe Biden** was announced by Joe Biden, the 46th president of the United States. He announced his reelection campaign for the 2024 presidential election on April 25, 2023.

Biden won enough delegates for the nomination for the Democratic primaries to be reelected as president and was the presumptive nominee.

On July 21, 2024, Biden ended his reelection campaign. He endorsed Vice President Kamala Harris for the presidential nomination. 

## Background 
After Biden won the 2020 United States presidential election, he became the first presidential candidate to defeat an incumbent president since the 1992 presidential election. Biden also became the oldest president ever elected in the United States.

During late 2021, as Biden was suffering from low approval ratings and nationwide polls urged Biden not to run for reelection due to his unpopularity and his age.

In November 2022, Donald Trump, who Biden had defeated in the 2020 election, announced his candidacy for a non-consecutive term. 

### Debate performance and crisis
The first presidential debate was held on June 27, 2024, between Biden and Republican nominee Donald Trump. Biden's performance was criticized by many, with commentators saying he lost his train of thought and did not give good answers. Many newspaper columnists said that Trump won the debate. Polling showed that a majority of the public believed Trump won. After the debate had people questioning his health, Biden faced calls to drop out from the race, including from fellow Democrats donors and newspapers of several major news outlets. Biden said that he would remain a candidate.

## Suspension
On July 21, 2024, Biden ended his reelection campaign and endorsed Harris's campaign, 29 days before the beginning of the 2024 Democratic National Convention. As of July 22, 2024, Harris had secured enough delegates to become the presumptive Democratic nominee. This is the first time an eligible incumbent has withdrawn from reelection since Lyndon B. Johnson in 1968.

## References
The Wishing Tree (movie)

***The Wishing Tree*** (, , ) is a 1974 Georgian drama movie directed by Tengiz Abuladze and was based on the short stories by Giorgi Leonidze. It stars Lika Kavzharadze, Kakhi Kavsadze, Zaza Kolelishvili, Sofiko Chiaureli, Erosi Manjgaladze.

## Other websites
*
Battle for the Planet of the Apes

***Battle for the Planet of the Apes*** is a 1973 American science fiction movie directed by J. Lee Thompson and is the fifth and final movie in the original *Planet of the Apes* series. It stars Roddy McDowall, Claude Akins, Natalie Trundy, Severn Darden, Lew Ayres, John Huston, Austin Stoker, France Nuyen and John Landis and was distributed by 20th Century Fox.

Battle for the Planet of the Apes was the final Planet of the Apes movie to be rated G.

## Other websites
* 
* 
*
Escape from the Planet of the Apes

***Escape from the Planet of the Apes*** is a 1971 American science fiction adventure movie directed by Don Taylor and is the third movie in the original *Planet of the Apes* series. It stars Roddy McDowall, Kim Hunter, Bradford Dillman, Natalie Trundy, Eric Braeden, William Windom, Sal Mineo and M. Emmet Walsh and was distributed by 20th Century Fox.

## Other websites
* 
*
The Yacoubian Building (movie)

***The Yacoubian Building*** (, transliterated: *ʿImārat Yaʿqūbīān* or *Omaret Yakobean*) is a 2006 Egyptian French drama movie directed by Marwan Hamed and was based on the novel of the same name by Alaa Al Aswany. It stars Adel Emam, Nour El-Sherif, Yousra, Hend Sabri, Somaya El Khashab, Ahmed Rateb. It was turned into a television series in 2007.

## Other websites
*
Diceware

**Diceware** is a method of creating passwords and cryptographic letters using ordinary dice as a random number generator.

## Examples
Here are some examples created from diceware:
* dobbs bella bump flash begin ansi
* easel venom aver flung jon call
* conjoined sterling securely chitchat spinout pelvis
* rice immorally worrisome shopping traverse recharger

## References
Almaz

**Almaz** was a space program by the military of the Soviet Union. Its purpose was to spy on other countries using space stations. After some time, the program changed to using spy satellites instead.

Since it is hard to hide a space station, the Soviets tried to keep the program a secret another way. They pretended the stations were civilian and gave them names in the Salyut series. The Salyut stations (such as Salyut 1) were normally to learn about how to live in space.

The Almaz program sent three stations to space, but the first failed. In the later years of the program, satellites were used instead since they are cheaper.

## Space stations 
The Almaz program sent three space stations to space. These were Salyut 2, Salyut 3, and Salyut 5. These had large space telescopes to spy on other countries. The cosmonauts on the station operated these and used cameras to record what they saw.

## Satellites 
In 1978, Almaz began to using spy satellites instead of space stations. Four were made as part of the program. These used radar to observe the ground instead of telescopes.

The first was Almaz-T which launched on 29 October 1986. The Proton rocket in launched on failed, and was destroyed by its safety system. The next was Almaz-T2, which went to space on 25 July 1987 and stayed in space for two years. The third was Almaz-1 which launched on 3 March 1991 and stayed in space for 18 months. A fourth satellite (Almaz-2) was built but never sent to space.

## Legacy 
The design of the Almaz space stations continues to be used even today. The Zarya module of the International Space Station is based on it. And before that, the Kvant-1 module of Mir was based on it.

## References 
## Other websites 
*The Almaz Program, *RussianSpaceWeb.com*
*Almaz, *Encyclopedia Astronautica*
**Astrospies* , an episode of Nova covering the MOL and Almaz
*Inside a Soviet Spy Station, NOVA Short
Kudle Beach

**Kudle Beach** is a natural 'C' shaped beach in Gokarna, Karnataka, India. It is considered to be one of the top 5 beaches, The lack of easy accessibility to the general public renders it as a neat, natural, cleaner and less crowded location to witness the sunset. There are no roads leading to Kudle beach which is further up north of Om beach, surrounded by hills on both ends. Water sports, scuba diving and boating attract enough tourists to the beach. It is usually visited for a time period of two-three hours. and the biggest railway station nearby is the Ankola railway station, This is a small railway station and hence not quite often travelled by. From the train station, one can reach Gokarna city by bus or auto.

Buses ply to Gokarna from all the major cities. From Mangalore and Bangalore, the buses are overnight (5–10 hours). During summers, from April- june, the temperature rises up to 40&nbsp;°C and during monsoon from July to October, the place receives a considerable amount of rainfall due to which the roads leading to the beach can get slippery and slushy. Studies show that it might be vulnerable to sea erosion is high sand dunes are not established to be stabilised by vegetation. At times, Jelly fishes are washed across the shores as well.

### Sediments 
They were found to be in the fine sand class. The mean particle size could be fixed at 2.017-3.18. Jet skiing under a trained jet instructor in which the average power remains around 100-135&nbsp;hp and Banana boat, a banana shaped boat for adult entertainment in which children are not allowed. Scuba diving, allows to get a view of the beautiful sea flowers and corals. Surfing can also be done when the waves are three to five feet tall.

## Visitor information 
There is no entrance fee, however for parking Rs.100 is taken. Everyone can visit it at any time of the day.It is advisable to visit it from 6 am till about 4 pm, after which it gets dark. Tourists visit the location for about 2–3 hours in general. There are no immediate medical facilities available near Kudle beach and as Kudle beach is in an isolated area, mobile connectivity is affected.

## References
Salyut

The **Salyut** program was a space program by the Soviet Union to create space stations. There were seven, single-module stations with the name Salyut that made it to orbit. An additional two stations failed during launch and were not given names starting with Salyut.

Three of these space stations were part of the Almaz series of millitary space stations, instead of the civilian Salyut program. They used the name Salyut in order to try to hide their military use.

Part of the design of the Salyut stations was later used as the basis for the core module of Mir. It was also used in the Zvezda servide module of the International Space Station. Part of the design of the Almaz stations was later used as the basis for the Kvant-1 module in Mir and the Zarya module of the International Space Station.
Tara Sutaria

**Tara Sutaria** (born 19 November 1995) is an Indian actress, singer and dancer who works in Hindi films and television. She started her television career as a child artist in 2010 with Disney India's *Big Bada Boom* and went on to star in the channel's sitcoms *The Suite Life of Karan & Kabir* (2012) and *Oye Jassie* (2013). In 2019, Sutaria made her film debut in the movie *Student of the Year 2*, which also starred Tiger Shroff and Ananya Panday. The latter also made her debut. She played a college student in the teen drama for which she won awards for her debut. Also in 2019, she played a mute girl in the action film *Marjaavaan*.

## References 
Tara Sutaria Biography
Ananya Panday

**Ananya Panday** (born 30 October 1998) is an Indian actress who works in Hindi films. She is the daughter of actor Chunky Pandey, She made her film debut with a leading role in the teen film *Student of the Year 2,* along with Tiger Shroff and Tara Sutaria. The latter also made her debut in films. She acted in the romantic comedy *Pati Patni Aur Woh*. For Student of The Year 2, she was credited well for her performances and she won multiple awards for that film.