open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Levon Aronian

**Levon Aronian**, born 6 October 1982 in Yerevan, is an Armenian chess Grandmaster. He is Armenia's #1 player. 

Aronian won the Chess World Cup 2005. He led the Armenian national team to the gold medals in the 37th Chess Olympiad, Turin 2006, the 38th Olympiad, Dresden 2008, and the World Team Chess Championship in Ningbo, 2011. In the Chess Olympiad 2010 at Khanty-Mansiysk he won the silver medal for his individual performance on board one.

He won the FIDE Grand Prix 2008–2010, qualifying him for the Candidates tournament for the World Chess Championship 2012, where he was knocked out in the first round. 

Aronian has had a string of outstanding tournament results since reaching the top with a joint win at Wijk aan Zee 2008. His latest, and perhaps greatest victory was in January 2012, at the same Tata Steel Chess Tournament in Wijk aan Zee. The field included world #1 Magnus Carlsen, defending champion Hikaru Nakamura, and former world champion Veselin Topalov, among others. The average rating of the field was 2755, making this thirteen-round event a category 21 tournament. After twelve rounds, Aronian was in clear first place with 8.5 points going into the final round, one point ahead of Carlsen and Teimour Radjabov. In the final round, Aronian drew against Radjabov with the white pieces in the King's Indian Defence. With the draw, Aronian finished with 9/13 (+5), a tournament performance rating of 2891. He took clear first place a point ahead of Carlsen, Radjabov and Fabiano Caruana.

Aronian was declared the best sportsman of Armenia in 2005, and was awarded the title of "Honoured Master of Sport of the Republic of Armenia" in 2009.

## References
Casio

is an electronics company whose headquarters are in Tokyo, Japan. Its products include calculators, mobile phones, cameras, musical instruments and watches. It was founded in 1946, and in 1957 released the first electric compact calculator.

## Gallery 

File:Casio G-SHOCK MR-G The G MRG-7100BJ-1AJF02s5.jpg|G-Shock MRG-7100BJ-1AJF
File:Casio EX-S600 front.jpg|Exilim EX-S600
File:1980 to 1988 scientific calculator Casio fx 180P made in Japan.jpg|The Casio calculator fx-180P (1980-1988)

## References 
## Other websites 
* www.casio.com
Alexander Grischuk

**Alexander Grischuk** (born Moscow, 31 October 1983) is a chess grandmaster, one of the top Russian players.  

In the FIDE World Chess Championship 2000 he made it to the semi finals.  
In the FIDE World Chess Championship 2004 he made it to the quarter finals, where he lost 3–1 to Rustam Kasimdzhanov.  

Grischuk is also one of the best blitz chess players in the world, having once held the record for highest rating achieved on the Internet Chess Club. In 2006 he won the World Blitz Championship in Israel.

Grischuk is married to the Ukrainian WGM Natalia Zhukova. 

## References 
## Other Websites
*
2010 Pichilemu earthquakes

A **6.9 earthquake** occurred on March 11, 2010, 40&nbsp;kilometers southwest of Pichilemu, O'Higgins Region, Chile . A tsunami warning was made by the Pacific Tsunami Warning Center Pacific-wide, although they warned of the possibility of local tsunamis within 100&nbsp;kilometers of the epicenter (between San Antonio and Concepción).

Although news media first reported the earthquake as an aftershock of the February earthquake, the initial geological summary given by the United States Geological Survey  said it was a different earthquake. Though unchained by the regional stress caused by the February 27 earthquake, the March event was not a fast adjustment to February's thrust fault rupture between the Nazca and South American plates, but it was caused by normal faulting inside one of those plates. However, it has not been positively decided in which plate the earthquake occurred.

Within 6&nbsp;hours, 10 aftershocks took place, of these 2 were of magnitude 6 or greater and 7 between magnitude 5 and 6.

The earthquake took place shortly before the new president, Sebastián Piñera, was sworn in, at about 12:15&nbsp;PM local time (15:15 UTC), at the Chilean congress in Valparaíso, where the shaking was clearly felt. The presidents of Bolivia, Paraguay, and Ecuador were present when the earthquake occurred, however, the television footage showed that the inauguration was not interrupted.

Damage reported by the Chilean news media include a collapsed pedestrian crossing over Chile Highway 5, north of Rancagua. The most affected place by the earthquake was Pichilemu, the epicentre of the earthquake. It destroyed the Ross Park, most of the Agustín Ross Cultural Centre and many houses in Espinillo and Rodeillo.

## May 2, 2010 aftershock 
The **May, 2 2010 Pichilemu earthquake** was a magnitude 6.0 MW earthquake that struck off Pichilemu, Chile, at 10:52&nbsp;AM on May 2, 2010 at the epicenter, at a depth of . USGS described  the epicenter as  south-southwest of San Antonio,  west Regional capital of Rancagua,  northwest of Curicó and  southwest of the Chilean capital of Santiago.

After almost exactly three hours later a second quake happens in the same area with an intensity of 4.8 MW

More than 10 aftershocks happened on May 2 and 3.

## Related pages
* February 2010 Chile earthquake

## References
Footloose

***Footloose*** is a 1984 American musical drama movie. It stars Kevin Bacon and was directed by Herbert Ross. Lori Singer, Dianne Wiest and John Lithgow are co-stars.

It was made into a musical on Broadway in 1999. A movie remake came out in 2011.

## Other websites 
*
Life insurance

**Life insurance** is money for your family to use to pay your bills and death expenses when you die. A person must be healthy to purchase a life insurance policy. The amount of life insurance needed depends on the person’s family’s needs when they die. Some things to consider when purchasing a life insurance policy are, marital status, the number of dependents, (wife, kids, etc.) family size, income, and wealth. Life insurance has different types of policies.

## Types of life insurance 
* Term life insurance
* Whole life insurance
* Universal life insurance
* Indexed universal life insurance
* Variable life insurance
* Variable universal life insurance
* Final expense insurance
* Group life insurance

## References
Polytetrafluoroethylene

and has a fairly high heat resistance.]]
In chemistry, **Polytetrafluoroethylene** (often shortened to **PTFE**) is a polymer of tetrafluoroethylene. As a polymer made from a fluorocarbon, it is called a fluoropolymer. Polytetrafluoroethylene is not very reactive. It also repels oil and water. E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company developed it in 1938.

It is better known by its trade-names, *Teflon* and *Gore-Tex*. Teflon is a coating for cookware and other tools. Gore-Tex is stretched PTFE, used as a membrane in clothing.

## Problems 
Perfluorooctanoic acid was formerly used to produce Polytetrafluoroethylene. It is very toxic for people and may cause cancer. In the 2010s it was replaced with other chemicals. 

The precursors for many chemical weapons are highly corrosive, so their containers are often treated with Polytetrafluoroethylene. For this reason, the export of Polytetrafluoroethylene from the European Union may need a special permit.
Teflon (disambiguation)

**Teflon** is a trade name, which is used for the following polymers:
*Polytetrafluoroethylene
*Perfluoroalkoxy,
*Fluorinated ethylene propylene

## Other uses
* The Teflon president, a nickname used for President Ronald Reagan.
Mannerism

**Mannerism** is a style of art that was created in the Late Renaissance period, from about 1520 until about 1600. The Mannerist style of painting or sculpture often shows figures that are "elongated" (made longer) and "distorted" (made into strange shapes"). The aim of the Mannerist artist was usually to make art that looked "elegant". During the Renaissance, artists like Leonardo da Vinci and Raphael had tried very hard to learn from nature, and to paint things in a way that was very realistic. These two famous painters both died around 1520. Many artists then decided that they were going to use the art of painting to "express themselves". They were not going to follow the rules of anatomy and perspective in the way that Leonardo and Raphael did.

Mannerism spread from Italy to France, Germany and Spain. One of the most famous Mannerist painters was El Greco who worked in Spain. Some other artists who worked in the Mannerist style are the French sculptor Jean Goujon, the Dutch painter Abraham Bloemaert and the German painter Bartolomeus Spranger. Possibly the strangest paintings from this time were by Giuseppe Arcimboldo who did pictures in which people's faces seem to be made from fruit, flowers, fire and even fish.

## Gallery
 
Image:Girolamo Francesco Maria Mazzola - Madonna with the Long Neck.jpg|Parmigianino, *The Madonna with the Long Neck* 
File:Angelo Bronzino - Venus, Cupid, Folly and Time - National Gallery, London.jpg|Bronzino, *The Triumph of Venus* 
Image:Jacopo Pontormo 004.jpg|Jacopo Pontormo, *The Entombment* 
File:El Greco - San Martín y el mendigo.jpg|El Greco, *St Martin and the Beggar* 
File:Jacopo Tintoretto 008-2.jpg|Tintoretto, *Jesus in the House of Mary and Martha*
File:Bartholomäus Spranger 021.jpg|Spranger, *Venus and Adonis*
File:Perseus Cellini Loggia dei Lanzi 2005 09 13.jpg|Cellini, *Perseus with the head of Medusa*
File:Florence Rape of the Sabine Women 1.jpg|Giambologna, *The Rape of the Sabine Women* 
File:Arcimboldo Spring 1563.jpg|Arcimboldo, *Spring* 

## References
Stockholm syndrome

building in Stockholm, Sweden, the location of the 1973 Norrmalmstorg robbery (photographed in 2005)]]
**Stockholm syndrome** is something that sometimes happens to people who are victims of kidnapping. In Stockholm syndrome, the victim starts feeling loyalty toward the person who kidnapped him or her and even start to have feelings for the person. It got its name from a bank robbery in Norrmalmstorg in Stockholm, Sweden in 1973. There was a bank robbery where two thieves held four people as hostages. After the thieves were arrested, the hostages defended them publicly. 

## References
Copa do Brasil

**Copa do Brasil** is a Brazilian football competition. It is a knockout competition played by 87 teams.

## Champions
## References
Palombia

**Palombia** is a fictional country in the Belgian comic *Spirou and Fantasio*. In the world of the comic, Palombia is found between Paraguay and Colombia. Its name is a portmanteau of both countries.
Tricolour

representing the Azerbaijani tricolours. The stripes are horizontal (across).]]
 representing the French tricolours. The stripes are vertical (up and down).]]
 representing the Congolese tricolours. The stripes are diagonal (neither up and down nor across).]]
**Tricolor** or **tricolour** (meaning "three colours") is, in most cases, a flag or banner that has three colours. Tricolour is a specific type of a flag with three stripes. The stripes can be horizontal (across), vertical (up and down) or diagonal (neither up and down nor across).
Ray Romano

**Ray Romano** (born December 21, 1957) is an American stand-up comedian, actor, and screenwriter. He is best known as the star of the television series *Everybody Loves Raymond*. He acted in that series with Patricia Heaton.

## Filmography
### Film
### Television
### Video games
## References
## Other websites
* Official website of Ray Romano
Dave Willis

**David Christopher "Dave" Willis** (born May 1, 1970) is an American voice actor, writer, and producer.  He is best known for his work on the Adult Swim programs *Aqua Teen Hunger Force* and *Squidbillies*.

## Career 
His first job was on the show *Space Ghost: Coast to Coast*. There he met Matt Maiellaro. He and Maiellaro later made *Aqua Teen Hunger Force*.

## Filmography
## References
Peter Svidler

**Peter Svidler**, born 17 June 1976 in Leningrad, is a Russian chess Grandmaster, and six times Russian chess champion.

Peter Svidler learned to play chess when he was six years old. In 1992, he tied for 1st with Ragim Gasimov in the USSR Junior Open Chess Championship. He became a grandmaster in 1994. 

He has been Russian champion six times (1994, 1995, 1997, 2003, 2008, 2011). This is a record for this high-class event, which has a long history. In 2001, he reached the semi-finals of the FIDE World Championship.

He came second (with Viswanathan Anand) in the FIDE World Chess Championship 2005 in San Luis with 8.5 points out of 14 games, lagging 1.5 points behind the winner, Veselin Topalov. In an interview  given for World Chess Network he said: "I only prepared seriously for San Luis, and I think it has paid off. But in general I spend most of my spare time with my wife and kids, so my relative success in 2005 was a pleasant surprise". His San Luis result earned him direct entry to the World Chess Championship series of 2007. In that tournament he scored 6.5 out of 14, placing 5th out of eight players.

In 2006 he came second behind Alexander Grischuk at the World Blitz Championship in Rishon Lezion, Israel, with 10.5 points out of 15 games. He also finished tied for first with Vladimir Kramnik at Dortmund 2006.

## 2011 World Cup 
Svidler has won the FIDE 2011 World Cup in Khanty-Mansisyk Siberia. The final was in September.

Svidler took the $120,000 first prize after beating his fellow countryman, Alexander Grischuk 2.5-1.5, in the best-of-four game final. It was a crushing psychological win for Svidler, who took adantage of his opponent's bad time-management. Svidler steered the games into lines that had Grischuk thinking from the very early stages.  

Svidler has now become the first Russian to win the World Cup title. His back-to-back major title wins of the Russian Championship followed by the World Cup has Svidler once again into the world’s top ten. 

Both Svidler and Grischuk also earned qualification for the 2012 World Championship Candidates tournament. And in the all-Ukrainian battle for the third Candidates spot, Vassily Ivanchuk won 2.5-1.5 against Ruslan Ponomariov.

## References
Kick-Ass

***Kick-Ass*** is a comicbook and movie about superheroes. The movie opened in theatres in the United Kingdom 26 March 2010 and 16 April 2010 in the United States.

The movie and comic tell the story of a teenager called Dave Lizewski. Lizewski is an average teenager who wonders why nobody in real life has ever decided to become a superhero like the ones in the comic books. He decides to become a real-life superhero despite having no special power or ability of any kind. He purchases a suit on the Internet and calls himself Kick-Ass.
Aqua Teen Hunger Force Colon Movie Film for Theaters

***Aqua Teen Hunger Force Colon Movie Film for Theaters*** is an 2007 animated movie based on the Adult Swim program *Aqua Teen Hunger Force*. The movie is rated R for crude and sexual humor, violent images, and language. The movie was written and directed by the show's creators Dave Willis and Matt Maiellaro.

## Plot
The Aqua Teens, Carl, the Plutonians, the Cybernetic Ghost, Dr. Weird, and the Mooninites are all after the exercise machine called the Insanenoflex. Carl goes on it and gets stuck, so the Aqua Teens try to stop it with music. The plan works, but the Aqua Teens realize that the world is still in danger, and then they set out to find more about themselves. Later on the Aqua Teens find out how they were created by Dr. Weird. Also they learn that there was a fourth Aqua Teen called Chicken Bittle. Finally they learn that their father turns out to be a watermelon whose accomplice is Neil Peart of the band Rush and that their mother is a 9-layer burrito.

## Cast
## Planned sequel
A script for a sequel entitled *Death Fighter* has been written. The project was scrapped and never produced. Co-creator Dave Willis has stated he would be open to using Kickstarter to fund the project in the future.

## References
Johnny Clegg

**Jonathan "Johnny" Clegg** (7 June 1953 &ndash; 16 July 2019) was a British-born musician from South Africa. He was in the bands Juluka and Savuka.

## Career
Juluka were able to tour in Europe.  They had two platinum and five gold albums.  They were an international success.  The Savuka album *Shadow Man* sold 250,000 copies within a week after its release.  It sold more than 1,000,000 copies in France alone.

His song "Scatterlings of Africa" was on the soundtrack to the 1988 Oscar winning movie *Rain Man*. This song is his only entry in the UK Singles Chart to date.  It reached #75 in May 1987.  He also did music for the movie *The Lion King 1½*, *George of the Jungle* and *Opportunity Knocks*. 

## Death
Clegg was diagnosed with pancreatic cancer in 2015. He retired in 2017. Clegg died on 16 July 2019 at his home in Johannesburg from the disease at the age of 66.

## Recognition
*Clegg was awarded the *Chevalier des Arts et Lettres* (Knight of Arts and Letters) by the French Government in 1991.
*In 2004, he was voted 23rd in the SABC3's Great South Africans.
*In 2007, Clegg received an honorary doctorate in music from the University of the Witwatersrand.
*In 2011, Clegg received an honorary Doctor of Laws degree from City University of New York School of Law.
*In 2012, Clegg received the South African Presidential Ikhamanga award as part of the National Orders ceremony. This award is the highest honor a citizen can receive in South Africa. It was presented by President Jacob Zuma.
*In 2012, Clegg received an honorary Doctor of Humane Letters degree from Dartmouth College

## References
Banner

A **banner** is a flag or other piece of cloth with a symbol, logo, slogan or other message. Sometimes, churches use banners to evangelize people.
 Church Banner]]
John Brown

**John Brown** is the name of:

*John Brown (abolitionist), a white American who believed in using violence to end slavery in the 19th century and was brutally hanged to death for his beliefs
*John Brown (football player), a football player from Scotland
Thoroughfare Gap

***Thoroughfare Gap*** is an album by American singer-songwriter Stephen Stills. The album was released in 1978.

## Track listing
Most tracks were composed by Stephen Stills.

### Side 1 
#"You Can't Dance Alone" – 4:14
#"Thoroughfare Gap" – 3:31
#"We Will Go On" – 2:41
#"Beaucoup Yumbo" (Stills, Joe Vitale)  – 3:33
#"What's the Game" – 3:32

### Side 2 
#"Midnight Rider" (Gregg Allman)  – 3:39
#"Woman Lleva" – 3:13
#"Lowdown" – 3:46 	
#"Not Fade Away" (Buddy Holly, Norman Petty)  – 3:26
#"Can't Get No Booty" (Danny Kortchmar, Stills)  – 3:44
CAPTCHA

test, used before making certain changes or creating accounts. The letters are completely random.]]
A **CAPTCHA** is a test that is used to separate humans and machines. CAPTCHA stands for "Completely Automated Public Turing test to tell Computers and Humans Apart." It is normally an image test or a simple mathematics problem which a human can read or solve, but a computer cannot. It is made to stop computer hackers from using a program to automatically set up hundreds of accounts, such as email accountsmzu6

. It is named after mathematician Alan Turing's Turing test.

## References
GNU Lesser General Public License

The **GNU Lesser General Public License** (**LGPL**) is a free software license created by the Free Software Foundation. It is similar to the GNU General Public License and is also an open source license. It's mostly used for "library" software (meaning parts of other software), with the license name formerly meaning Library General Public License.

## Other websites 
* LGPL Official Page
Pseudocode

**Pseudocode** (sometimes written as pseudo-code) is a description of the source code of a computer program or an algorithm in a language that is easily understood by humans.

It uses the general structure of a computer programming language, but does not use the details that are required by machines to understand and execute the code. The main purpose of writing pseudocode is to allow humans to understand the computer program or algorithm without having to understand any programming language.

## Syntax 
Pseudocode does not follow the syntax and grammar of any specific computer programming language. Variable declarations are generally excluded. Function calls and blocks of code, such as code for a loop, are often replaced by a one-line natural human language sentence.

## Examples 
```
FOR I FROM 1 TO 50:
    PRINT I
```

This pseudocode uses a for loop to print all the integers from 1 to 50.
Waterloo Maple

**Waterloo Maple Inc.** (Maplesoft) is a Canadian software company. They are in Waterloo, Ontario. They are most well known for creating the Maple computer algebra system.

Waterloo Maple Inc. was registrated under the name Waterloo Maple Software in April 1988.

## Related pages
*Maple (CAS)

## Other websites 
* Maplesoft Corporate Website
* Symbolic Computation Group website
Null device

In some operating systems, the **null device** is a device file that ignores anything written to it but returns that the write worked. This device is called `/dev/null` on Unix and Unix-like systems, `NUL:` or `NUL` on CP/M and DOS (internally `\DEV\NUL`), `nul` on newer Windows systems (internally `\Device\Null` on Windows NT), `NIL:` on Amiga systems, and `NL:` on OpenVMS. In Windows Powershell, the equivalent is `$null`. It returns nothing to any process that reads from it, returning EOF immediately. In IBM DOS/360, OS/360 (MFT, MVT), OS/390 and z/OS operating systems, such files would be assigned in JCL to `DD DUMMY`.

## References
Right whale

The **right whales** (***Eubalaena spp***.), also known as the **black whales** are baleen whales with bow-shaped lower jaw and a head that is up to one-quarter of the body length. The head is hairier than most whales; up to 300 hairs are found on the tip of the lower jaw and 100 are on the upper jaw. There are also callosities (a series of horny growths) behind the blowhole, on the chin, above the eyes, on the lower lip, and on the rostrum (the beak-like upper jaw). 

## Description 
Right whales are similar to bowhead whales, but smaller. These whales are rich in blubber and have 2 blowholes. The eyes are very small and lips are large. Right whales were named by whalers who considered them the "right" whales to hunt, since they were rich in blubber, they were easy to catch (they are relatively slow swimmers) and they floated after being killed. 

## History 
Hunters needed the right whale's blubber for meat, because blubber could be boiled to make oil.
The right whale's name came from hunters, who thought that they were the "right" whales to hunt. This was because they had lots of blubber. They were also easy to catch (because they were relatively slow swimmers) and they floated on the surface of the water after being killed. Because of these things, right whales are the most endangered of the great whales.

## References
Magenta rose

**Magenta rose** is a color that is a representation of the color of a particular type of rose called a *magenta rose*, which can come in various tones of magenta or rose.

The first recorded use of *magenta rose* as a color name in English was in 1927.
   

## Meaning of magenta rose 
* The color magenta rose represents the flower called a *magenta rose*.  
* The color magenta rose may represent Valentine's Day since the colors rose and magenta (as well as red) are used to represent Valentine's Day.  Thus, the color magenta rose may represent romantic love.

## Comparison of pruple, magenta, rose and red
## Tones of magenta rose color comparison chart

 Light Pink Lace (Xona.com color list "Pink Lace Light") (Hex: #FFF1FB) (RGB: 255, 241, 251)
 Light Classic Rose (Xona.com color list “Classic Rose Light”) (Hex: #FDE9F5) (RGB: 253, 233, 245)
 Pink Lace (Xona.com color list) (Hex: #FFDDF4) (RGB: 255, 221, 207)
 Classic Rose (Xona.com color list) (Hex: #FBCCE7) (RGB: 251, 204, 231)
 Bright Pale Rose (Crayola colored pencils "Pale Rose") (Hex: #FFCCFF) (RGB: 255, 204, 255)
 Light Hot Pink (Xona.com color list “Hot Pink Light”) (Hex: #FFB3DE) (RGB: 255, 179, 222)
 Lavender Rose (Hex: #FBA0E3) (RGB: 251, 160, 227)
 Persian Pink (www.99colors.net) (Maerz & Paul) (Hex: #F77FBE) (RGB: 247, 127, 190)
 Light Deep Pink (Xona.com color list “Deep Pink Light”) (Hex: #FF5CCD) (RGB: 255, 92, 205)
 Rose Pink (Hex: #FF66CC) (RGB: 255, 102, 204)
 Hot Pink (web color)(Hex: #FF69B4) (RGB: 255, 105, 180)
 French Pink (Pink (pourpre.com)) (Hex: #FD6C9E) (RGB: 253, 108, 158)
 French Rose (Maerz & Paul) (Hex: #F64A8A) (RGB: 246, 74, 138)
 Violet Red (Crayola) (Hex: #F7468A) (RGB: 247, 70, 138)
 Wild Strawberry (Crayola)  (Hex: #FF3399) (RGB: 255, 51, 153)
 Fluorescent Pink (Crayola Twistable colored pencils) (Hex: #FF008F) (RGB: 255, 0, 143)
 Deep Pink (web color) (Hex: #FF1493) (RGB: 255, 20, 147)
 Brilliant Rose (Crayola "Magenta") (Hex: #F653A6) (RGB: 246, 83, 166)
 Bright Magenta Rose (Hex: #FC51AF) (RGB: 252, 81, 175)
 Rose Bon Bon (Pourpre.com) (Hex: #F9429E) (RGB: 249, 66, 158)
 Persian Rose (Maerz & Paul) (Hex: #FE28A2) (RGB: 254, 40, 162)
 Vivid Persian Rose (Hex: #FF1CB1) (RGB: 255, 28, 177)
 MAGENTA ROSE (Hex: #FF00AF) (RGB: 255, 0, 175)
 Shocking Pink (Elsa Schiaparelli) (Hex: #FC0FC0) (RGB: 252, 15, 192)
 Hot Magenta (Crayola) (Hex: #FF00CC) (RGB: 255, 0, 204)
 Razzle Dazzle Rose (Crayola) (Hex: #FF33CC) (RGB: 255, 51, 204)
 Purple Pizzaz (Crayola) (Hex: #FE4EDA) (RGB: 254, 78, 218)
 Amaranth  Magenta (Hex: #ED3CCA) (RGB: 237, 60, 202)
 Rich Magenta Rose (Hex: #E010A8) (RGB: 224, 16, 168)
 Deep Magenta Rose (Hex: #C120A2) (RGB: 193, 32, 162)
 Fandango (Maerz & Paul) (Hex: #B55489) (RGB: 181, 84, 137)

## Related pages 
* List of colors

## References
The Last Olympian

***The Last Olympian*** is a fantasy-adventure novel based on Greek mythology by Rick Riordan published on May 5, 2009. It is the fifth and final installment in the *Percy Jackson & the Olympians* series and serves as the direct sequel to *The Battle of the Labyrinth*. There is a statement at the end of the book referencing the close of "the first Camp Half-Blood series," indicating that there might be more to follow.

### Major characters
* Percy Jackson: Protagonist, a 16-year-old demigod son of Poseidon.
* Annabeth Chase: Percy's friend, a 16-year-old demigod daughter of Athena.
* Luke Castellan: Antagonist, a demigod son of Hermes, inhabited by Kronos.
* Tyson the Cyclops: Percy's half brother
* Rachel Elizabeth Dare: Percy's friend, a mortal girl who can see through the mist
* Thalia Grace: daughter of Zeus and best friends with Percy, Annabeth, and Grover
* Charles Beckendorf: Percy's friend, Hephaestus counselor
* Silena Beauregard: Beckendorf's Girlfriend
* Cronus/Kronos: The king of the Titans and the lord of time

## Critical reception
*The Last Olympian* received overwhelmingly positive reviews. *Publishers Weekly* wrote "...fans will not be disappointed" *Booklist*'s starred review commented that "...Riordan’s imagination soars in the climactic battle scenes" but said that he manages to "bring the whole series to a satisfying close in the down-to-earth conclusion."

## Audiobooks
The unabridged audiobook version of *The Last Olympian* is read by Jesse Bernstein.  It was released on May 12, 2009, by Random House/Listening Library. It is 10 hours and 50 minutes long.

## Sequel Series 
Riordan wrote a sequel called The Lost Hero as the first book in a new series called The Heroes of Olympus

## References
Vineyard

in France]]

A **vineyard** is a place where grapes are grown. Some vineyards belong to wineries. The grapes grown in those are used to make wine.

## Related pages
* Winery
* Farming
Bowhead whale

The **bowhead whale** (***Balaena mysticetus***) is an Arctic baleen whale, a right whale with a large, bow-shaped head that is up to 40% of its body length. The arched mouth is up to 10 feet (3 m) wide and 20 feet (6 m) deep. The eyes are very small and lips are huge. Bowheads live in pods, are rich in blubber (a subcutaneous layer 20-inch (50 cm) thick in places), and have 2 blowholes.

## References
## Other websites

*https://www.animal-glossary.com/bowhead-whale.shtml
Tyson (Percy Jackson)

**Tyson** is a fictional character in Rick Riordan's *Percy Jackson and the Olympians* series. He is a cyclops. Percy Jackson, the main character of the series, is his half-brother. They have the same father, the Greek god Poseidon. He first appears as a homeless boy in the second book of the series, *The Sea of Monsters the second book*

Tyson is played by Douglas Smith in Percy Jackson: Sea of Monsters, the film adaption of The Sea of Monsters and by Daniel Diemer in the television adaptation for Disney+.

## Background
Tyson is the half-son of the Greek god of the sea Poseidon and a nature spirit. He is a young cyclops who tries to be "the best little brother possible" and "make his family proud." The Mist obscures everybody's view of Tyson's one eye, making most think he has two eyes . Tyson has severe scars on his back that were caused by a sphinx in the substation where he used to live.

### *The Battle of the Labyrinth*
Percy comes back to Camp Half-Blood to find Tyson already there cleaning their room for inspection. Tyson has also fixed Percy's shield, which has been broken by a manticore, Dr. Thorn in the third book. The shield retracts into a watch when not in use.

### *The Last Olympian*
After jumping off the exploding *Princess Andromeda* (a cruise ship that Kronos had made his headquarters), Percy finds himself in Poseidon's palace where Tyson is waiting for him. Percy is in a grim state, so Tyson takes him to Poseidon. Poseidon looks very aged due to all of the stress from the war going on. Poseidon is not letting Tyson fight, for fear of losing him. To Tyson's disappointment, he sends him back to the armory to make weapons. The next time he is seen is through the mist of the hearth on Mount Olympus. Percy gives Poseidon the idea to send Tyson and all the other Cyclopes to take down Typhon. They do, and Typhon lands in the Hudson River. Tyson is last seen on Mount Olympus where he is awarded a new "stick"; he is also given the role of general of Olympus' army.

## Power and Abilities
* Immensely strong
* Works well with metal (skilled craftsman and smith)
* Cannot be killed/harmed by fire (all cyclopes are immune to fire)
* Inhuman hearing and can imitate voices
* Gets along extremely well with hippocampi (or fish ponies, as he calls them), especially the hippocampus Rainbow, first introduced in " The Sea of Monsters"
* Can communicate with Percy (or any other son of Poseidon) underwater mentally.
* Has inhuman smelling abilities which allows him to smell all *monsters*

## References
## Other websites
* Official UK Site
Marcos Senna

**Marcos Senna** (born 17 July 1976) is a former Spanish football player. He played for Villarreal and the Spain national team, among others.

## Club career statistics 
|-
|2002/03||rowspan="8"|Villarreal||rowspan="8"|La Liga||16||2
|-
|2003/04||8||0
|-
|2004/05||29||2
|-
|2005/06||30||3
|-
|2006/07||33||0
|-
|2007/08||34||4
|-
|2008/09||27||2
|-
|2009/10||||
177||13
177||13
|}

## International career statistics 
|-
|2006||7||0
|-
|2007||1||0
|-
|2008||13||1
|-
|2009||6||0
|-
|2010||||
|-
!Total||27||1
|}

## References
Boris Gelfand

**Boris Abramovich Gelfand** (born 24 June 1968 in Minsk) is a Belarusian-Israeli chess grandmaster. He won the 2009 World Chess Cup. In 1998, Gelfand emigrated to Israel, where he is their top ranking chess player.

## Chess career 
Gelfand was Junior Champion of the Soviet Union at 17, and European Junior Champion two years later. In 1988 he tied for first in the World Junior Championship, the title going to Joel Lautier. He earned the GM title the following year. He has won about 30 tournaments in his career, including tournaments at Wijk aan Zee (in 1992 and 1994) and first places in Biel (1993), Dos Hermanas (1994), Belgrade (1995), Tilburg (1996), Malmo (1999) and Pamplona (2004).

### World Championship Candidate 
Gelfand has several times qualified for Candidates tournaments for the World Chess Championship. In 1993, he qualified for the Candidates via the Interzonal, and was knocked out in the quarter-final by England's Nigel Short. In the FIDE World Chess Championship 1996 he won the Interzonal, then won his first two Candidates matches, before being eliminated in the semi-final by Anatoly Karpov. He had numerous strong results in the knockout tournaments for the FIDE Championships 1998–2004, with his best result being a semi-finalist in 1997. He played in the 8-player 2002 Dortmund Tournament, which was the Candidates for the Classical World Chess Championship 2004, but failed to reach the semi-finals. 

He qualified for the tournament for the World Chess Championship 2007, and surprised most observers by finishing joint second with reigning world champion Vladimir Kramnik (third after tie breaks). The tournament and the world championship was won by Viswanathan Anand. 

Gelfand won the Chess World Cup 2009, and was automatically seeded into the Candidates tournament for the World Chess Championship 2012.

The 2012 Candidates match series was held in Kazan, Russia. In game three of the quarterfinals he played the Sicilian defense to defeat Shakhriyar Mamedyarov 2.5–1.5. In the semifinals he faced American Gata Kamsky. After splitting the first four games 2–2, the match went into a rapid playoff. Kamsky won game three in the playoff to go ahead 2–1. This meant Gelfand had to win with black in the final game to avoid elimination. Gelfand was up to the task, and then won the blitz playoff 2–0 to advance to the final.  

In the final, he faced Alexander Grischuk. After drawing the first five games, Gelfand won the sixth and final game on the white side of a Grünfeld defence to win the match 3.5–2.5. As winner of the Candidates series, Gelfand face Anand for the 2012 World Championship. In this match Gelfand tied 6–6, but he lost the four-game rapid play tie-breaker.

## References
Winchester College football

**Winchester College football**, also known as **Wincofo** or **winkies**, is a style of football, the game also called soccer, that is played at Winchester College in England during the spring term.  The Winchester students call this period *"common time."*  It was originally played during the autumn term, or *"short half."*  It is very similar to games played at other public schools such as Eton's wall game. The school is located in the city of Winchester in Hampshire, England. 

## History 
This game was originally played down Kingsgate Street, a long street that runs parallel to the college. However, there were very few rules. 

## References
*
Nona Gaprindashvili

women's team at the 1986 Chess Olympiad in Dubai. L>R: Akhmilovskaya, Gaprindaschwili and Alexandria.]]
**Nona Gaprindashvili** (; born 3 May 1941) is a Georgian chess player. She was the strongest female player of the 1960s and 70s, and became the sixth Women's World Chess Champion (1962–1978). She was the first woman to achieve the Grandmaster title.

In 1961, aged 20, Gaprindashvili won the fourth women's Candidates Tournament, setting up a title match against Russian world champion Elisabeth Bykova. She won the match easily, with a final score of 9−2 (+7−0=4), and went on to defend her title successfully four times. She finally lost her crown in 1978 to another Georgian, Maia Chiburdanidze, by a score of 6½–8½ (+2−4=9).

Gaprindashvili played for Soviet Union in the women's chess Olympiads of 1963, 1966, 1969, 1972, 1974, 1978, 1980, 1982, 1984, 1986, 1990, and for Georgia in 1992. She won as many as 25 medals, among which 11 team gold medals and 9 individual gold medals  At the Dubai Olympiad 1986 she won all the ten games she played.

She was a five-times winner of the Soviet women's chess championship: in 1964, 1973, 1981, 1983, and 1985. During her career Gaprindashvili successfully competed in men's tournaments, tying for first place at Lone Pine, California in 1977.

In 1978 Gaprindashvili became the first woman to be awarded the Grandmaster title. She was awarded the title partly as a result of winning Lone Pine 1977 against a field of 45 players, mostly grandmasters. Although she did not meet the technical requirements for the GM Title, this result was so spectacular that FIDE found it sufficient.

Pal Benko wrote in *Chess Life & Review* (January 1979):
:"...Of course (Nona) had earned the "woman grandmaster" title awarded by the International Chess Federation (FIDE), as have some two dozen other women... in Buenos Aires in November 1978 FIDE bestowed upon Nona Gaprindashvili the (men's) international grandmaster title. Not only is she the only woman ever to have received this title, she is the only woman ever to have deserved it.

:"It is regrettable, therefore, that she did not actually earn the title in the regular way: FIDE requires that to earn the grandmaster title a player must achieve certain minimum scores in tournaments consisting of at least twenty-four games in aggregate (the description is highly oversimplified, but you get the idea), and Nona was two or three games short. Yet the FIDE Qualifications Commission voted to give her the title. In my opinion, this historic occasion should not have been allowed to carry even this slight tarnish".

Nona was the first President of the National Olympic Committee of Georgia. In 2009 she won in Condino, Italy the World Senior Championship for women.

## References
Chris Bonington

**Sir Christian John Storey Bonington**, CBE (born 6 August 1934 in Hampstead, London) is a British mountaineer, someone who climbs mountains. 

His has been to the Himalayas nineteen times. Four of those times, he climbed Mount Everest. He was the first to climb of the south part of the mountain Annapurna.

## References
Jersey Telecom

**Jersey Telecom** is the former monopoly telephone operator in the Bailiwick of Jersey. Jersey is incorporated into the UK National Telephone Numbering Plan Ofcom | The National Numbering Scheme - Telephone Numbers administered by Ofcom area codes of +44 1534 for landlines and +44 7797 for Jersey Telecom mobiles, +44 7700 for Cable and Wireless mobiles and +44 7829 for Jersey Airtel mobiles. It is not connected to Jersey Post, the island's postal service.
The Cable Guy

***The Cable Guy*** is an 1996 American black comedy thriller movie that was produced by Judd Apatow and Bernie Brillstein and was directed by Ben Stiller.

Jim Carrey plays a man with borderline personality disorder who installs cable television in people's homes. He is obsessed with one of his customers, played by Matthew Broderick.

The Cable Guy was released on June 14, 1996 in North America. The movie received mixed reviews with a 54% rating on Rotten Tomatoes and a 76 out of 100 from Metacritic.

## Cast 
* Jim Carrey as Ernie "Chip" Douglas/Larry Tate/Ricky Ricardo a.k.a. The Cable Guy
* Matthew Broderick as Steven M. Kovacs
* Leslie Mann as Robin Harris
* Jack Black as Rick
* George Segal as Mr. Kovacs
* Diane Baker as Mrs. Kovacs
* Ben Stiller as Sam Sweet/Stan Sweet
* Tabitha Soren as Herself
* Eric Roberts as Himself
* Janeane Garofalo as Medieval Times Waitress
* Andy Dick as Medieval Times Host
* Harry O'Reilly as Steven's Boss
* David Cross as Sales Manager
* Amy Stiller as Steven's Secretary
* Misa Koprova as Heather
* Paul Greco as Raul
* Owen Wilson as Robin's Date

## Other websites
* 
*
Giorgio de Chirico

**Giorgio de Chirico** (10 July 1888 &ndash; 20 November 1978) was an Italian painter and writer. In the years before World War I, he founded the *Scuola metafisica* art movement. The name means "Metaphysical school". The *Scuola metafisica* was a big influence on the surrealist painters. After 1919, he became interested in more traditional ways of painting. He began to paint in a neoclassical style.

De Chirico was born in Volos, Greece. His parents were Italian. He studied art first in Athens and then in Florence. In 1906 he went to Munich in Germany where he studied at the Munich Academy of Fine Arts.

## Related pages
* Bestetti Edizioni
* List of Italian painters

## References 
## Other websites
*
*De Chirico Foundation
*Giorgio de Chirico at the Museum of Modern Art
Annabeth

**Annabeth** is a female English given name. It is a combination of two names, Anna and Elizabeth, which are both classic and timeless names. This is a unique name (not in the 2021 national ranking of newborn mobility). 

## People 
*Annabeth Gish, American actress
*Annabeth Chase, a character in the *Percy Jackson & the Olympians* stories
*Annabeth Rosen (born 1957), an American sculptor and art studio faculty member at the University of California, Davis
* Annabeth Barnes, an 11-year-old go-kart racer featured in the documentary film *Racing Dreams*
* Annabeth Berkeley, a dancer with National Dance Company Wales

## References
Lucy Beale

**Lucy Beale** is a fictional character from the BBC soap opera *EastEnders*. The character was played by Eva Brittin-Snell (from 1993 to 1996), Casey Anne Rothery (from 1996 until 2004), Melissa Suffield (from 2004 to 2010), and Hetti Bywater (from 2012 to 2015). Lucy was introduced in December 1993 as the baby daughter of Ian (Adam Woodyatt) and Cindy Beale (Michelle Collins). Her stepmother was Jane Beale (Laurie Brett).
Masahiko Kimura

was a Japanese professional athlete.  He is best known as a  or expert in the sport of judo.  He is widely considered one of the greatest judoka of all time.

## References
Alexander Karelin

**Aleksandr Aleksandrovich Karelin** (born September 19, 1967 in Novosibirsk, Russian SFSR) is an athlete from the Russian Federation. He is considered the greatest Greco-Roman wrestler of all time and one of the best wrestlers of his time. He won gold medals at the 1988, 1992, and 1996 Olympic Games.

## References
## Other websites
Yue Wang

**Yue Wang** (born 31 March 1987) is a Chinese chess grandmaster. He was the first Chinese chess player to reach the top 10 in the world, and the highest ranked Chinese player of all time until 2015.

In 2004, he became China's 18th Grandmaster at the age of 17. In October 2007, Wang became the first Chinese player, and third Asian player, to cross the 2700 rating mark. 

Wang Yue was to play on 1st board at the World Team Chess Championship in January 2010, until China dropped out of the event at the last minute.

## References
Camilla and Rebecca Rosso

**Camilla Rosso** and **Rebecca Rosso** (born 6 July 1994 in Wimbledon, London, England) are identical twin actresses. They had a role on *The Suite Life of Zack and Cody*, where they were the twins Janice (Camilla) and Jessica (Rebecca). They also had the principal roles in the third movie in the series of *Legally Blonde*, *Legally Blondes*, which appeared on ABC Family and Disney Channel. The Rosso twins are of British and Euro-Latina American descent.

## Careers
Camilla and Rebecca were discovered when they were selected in an audience by one of the executive producers of *The Suite Life of Zack & Cody* at a live taping of the show. They then auditioned, and they started to perform the roles of twins Janice (Camilla) and Jessica (Rebecca). They appeared in 7 episodes of the show.

They appeared in the film *Legally Blondes*, which was released direct-to-DVD on April 28, 2009 as a sequel to *Legally Blonde*. Reese Witherspoon, star of the original *Legally Blonde*, presented and produced the film.

## Personal life
They currently live in Los Angeles with their mother, father, Aika (their dog), and three sisters Georgina (also an actress), Lola, and Bianca Rosso.

## Filmography 
## References

## Other websites
*
*
DjVu

**DjVu** (pronounced like French *déjà vu*) is a open computer file format. It is made mostly to store scanned documents. It is especially used for things with a mix of words, line drawings, and photographs inside. DjVu has been sold as an alternative to PDF, as it gives smaller files than PDF for most scanned documents.  The DjVu developers report that color magazine pages make smaller to 40–70&nbsp;kB. Black and white technical papers make it smaller to 15–40&nbsp;kB. Old manuscripts make smaller to around 100&nbsp;kB; a satisfactory JPEG image usually needs 500&nbsp;kB. Like PDF, DjVu can have a OCR text layer. This makes it easy to cut and paste, and search for text.

## References 
## Other websites
* DjVu.org
Sunday school

, 1943. Photographed by Ansel Adams.]]

**Sunday School** is a kind of schooling found in many churches or other Christian communities. Classes are done on Sundays. Before or after the main part of worship, a class is held to learn more about that church's teachings and about the Bible. Sometimes the class is only for children, sometimes adults go there as well and sometimes there are different classes for adults and for children.

## Development
Sunday schools were first set up in the 1780s to provide education to working children on their one day off from the factory. Robert Raikes contributed to their development. Raikes was the editor of *The Glouchestor Journal*, and he wanted to stop children from becoming bad. In 1805, Stockport Sunday School made a school for 5000 students. In the late 19th century this was the largest in the world. 
The first Sunday school in London opened at Surrey Chapel by a pastor named Rowland Hill. By 1831, 1,250,000 children went every week to Sunday School in Great Britain. This was bout 25 percent of the people.

The American Sunday School system was first begun by Samuel Slater in Pawtucket, Rhode Island, in the 1790's.

Some Roman Catholic churches do Sunday schools, though Catholics commonly refer to Sunday school as "Catechism class".

Priests or pastors sometimes teach Sunday schools.

## References
## Other websites
*Lesson guides and printable Bible activities
*Apostolic Children's Ministry
Laffy Taffy

**Laffy Taffy** is a type of taffy that comes in many fruit flavours. It is made by Nestlé and the Willy Wonka Candy Company. Laffy Taffy comes with jokes written on the wrapper. A piece of Laffy Taffy has 160 calories.

## References
People for the American Way

**People for the American Way** (PFAW) is a progressive organization that is involved in political activism. Issues that it involves itself in are judicial nominations, church/state separation, civil rights, voting rights for Washington, DC in the U.S. Congress and equal rights for lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) people and promotion of civic participation.

## Purpose
PFAW says about its purpose on its website  
:People For the American Way is dedicated to making the promise of America real for every American: Equality. Freedom of speech. Freedom of religion. The right to seek justice in a court of law. The right to cast a vote that counts. The American Way.

:Our vision is a vibrantly diverse democratic society in which everyone is treated equally under the law, given the freedom and opportunity to pursue their dreams, and encouraged to participate in our nation’s civic and political life. Our America respects diversity, nurtures creativity and combats hatred and bigotry.

:We believe a society that reflects these constitutional principles and progressive values is worth fighting for, and we take seriously our responsibility to cultivate new generations of leaders and activists who will sustain these values for the life of this nation.

:Our operational mission is to promote the American Way and defend it from attack, to build and nurture communities of support for our values, and to equip those communities to promote progressive policies, elect progressive candidates, and hold public officials accountable.

## Other websites
*PFAW.org PFAW officiate website
* YouTube Videos
* PFAW blog

## References
Xserve

.]]
The **Xserve** is a server made by Apple Inc. which started in 2002. It was Apple's first server since the Apple Network Servers that they made in 1996. It first came with one or two PowerPC G4 processors. Later, new PowerPC G5 were added. Now, the server runs on two quad-core Intel Nehalem CPUs.

The Xserve can be used for many things, such as a file server and web server. It can even be used for high-performance computing applications using clustering—a dedicated cluster Xserve, the **Xserve Cluster Node**. This means there are many Xserves linked together so they can combine their power. For this, it was available without a video card or optical drive.

## References