open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Alice and Bob

**Alice and Bob** are placeholder names which are commonly used to talk about problems. It is used in cryptography, game theory and physics. Instead of “A sends B a message” people say “Alice sends Bob a message”. Ron Rivest seems to have used these names first, in publications about the RSA algorithm. This was 1977 and 1978.

## Other names
The most used names are Alice and Bob. Eve, Mallory, and Trent are used often too, and they have pretty well-defined uses.
Twelve Penny Black

**Twelve Penny Black** is a rare Canada stamp. It was issued in 1851. The 12-pence stamp showed the portrait of Queen Victoria.

## History 
In 1851, the Province of Canada issued the stamps of Queen Victoria. For the stamp , the Queen's portrait by Alfred Edward Chalon (1780–1860) was used. This  is called the *Chalon head*. The stamps were printed in New York.

In fine and unused , these stamps are very priced. In February 2006, a Twelve Penny Black was sold £116,000.

## Related pages 
* Penny Black
* Penny Lilac
* Penny Red
* Queen Victoria
* Two Penny Blue

## Notes 
## References 
## Other websites 
* Canadian stamps (1851–1875)  on the site of Library and Archives Canada.
* 
*
K.A.A. Gent

**Koninklijke Atletiek Associatie Gent**, also referred to as just **AA Gent** is a football club from Ghent, Belgium. It was founded in 1900 and is one of the top clubs in Belgium. Its home ground is the Planet Group Arena, which has a capacity of 20,000.
Maurice Hayes

**Maurice Hayes** (8 July 1927 &ndash; 23 December 2017) was an Irish politician. He was an independent member of the 21st and 22nd Seanads, nominated as a senator by the Taoiseach. 

Hayes was born in County Down in Northern Ireland. He died at a hospital in Belfast on 23 December 2017 from frontotemporal dementia at the age of 90.

## References
Kenneth Bloomfield

**Sir Kenneth Percy Bloomfield** (born 15 April 1931 died 30 May 2025) was the former head of the Northern Ireland Civil Service.

He was later a member of the Independent Commission for the Location of Victims' Remains and for a time Northern Ireland Victims Commissioner. In addition to this, he has held a variety of public sector posts in Northern Ireland and elsewhere.

Bloomfield was born in Belfast, Northern Ireland.

## Other websites
*Independent Commission for the Location of Victims Remains Official Website
Cheshmeh-Ali (Shahr-e-Rey)

**Cheshmeh-Ali** (meaning:Ali's spring) is a natural and swimming spring in Rey, Iran. The spring is located south of Tehran. Cheshmeh-Ali is run from a big rock and flown to south-east. Cheshmeh-Ali dates back 8,000 years ago and is placed under Rey Castle. Inscription of Fath Ali Shah is between Rey Castle and Cheshmeh-Ali from top to down. 

## Resources 
* ČAŠMA(-YE) ʿALĪ *iranicaonline.org*
Erik Carlsson

**Erik Carlsson**, aka "*Carlsson på taket*" ("Carlsson on the roof"), (5 March 1929 – 27 May 2015) was a Swedish rally driver for Saab.

Carlsson was born in Trollhättan. Erik Carlsson married Pat Moss on 3 March 1963 in London. Carlsson died on 27 May 2015, aged 86.

## References
Mary Ellen Mark

**Mary Ellen Mark** (March 20, 1940 – May 25, 2015) was an American photographer. She was known for her photojournalism, portraiture, and advertising photography. 

She photographed people who were "away from mainstream society and toward its more interesting, often troubled fringes".

Mark died of myelodysplastic syndrome in Manhattan, on May 25, 2015, aged 75.

## References
## Other websites
* 
**Scotsman* newspaper interview, June 2005
*Audio interview, *The Digital Journalist* , March 1999
*Art HERStory: Mary Ellen Mark
John Gardner (British writer)

**John Edmund Gardner** (20 November 1926&nbsp;– 3 August 2007) was an English spy and thriller novelist. He was best known for his James Bond novels, but also for his series of Boysie Oakes books and three continuation novels containing Sir Arthur Conan Doyle's fictional villain, Professor Moriarty.

Gardner went on to write over fifty works of fiction, including fourteen original James Bond novels, and the novel versions of two Bond movie. He died from suspected heart failure on 3 August 2007.

## Other websites
*John-Gardner.com
John Gardner (American writer)

**John Champlin Gardner Jr.** (July 21, 1933 – September 14, 1982) was an American novelist, essayist, literary critic and university professor. He was known for his novel *Grendel*, a retelling of the Beowulf myth from the monster's point of view.

Gardner was killed in a motorcycle accident in Susquehanna County, Pennsylvania, aged 49.

## Works
### Fiction
* *The Resurrection*, 1966. 
* *The Wreckage of Agathon*, 1970.
* *Grendel*, 1971.
* *The Sunlight Dialogues*, 1972. 
* *Jason and Medeia*, 1973. 
* *Nickel Mountain: A Pastoral Novel*, 1973. 
* ''The King's Indian*, 1974. 
* *October Light*, 1976. 
* *In the Suicide Mountains*, 1977. 
* *Freddy's Book*, 1980. 
* *The Art of Living and Other Stories*, 1981.
* *Mickelsson's Ghosts*, 1982. 
* *Stillness and Shadows*, 1986.

### Biography
* *The Life and Times of Chaucer'', 1977.

### Children's stories
* *Dragon, Dragon (and Other Tales)*, 1975.
* *Gudgekin The Thistle Girl (and Other Tales)*, 1976.
* *The King of the Hummingbirds (and Other Tales)*, 1977.
* ''A Child's Bestiary*, 1977.

### Criticism and Instruction
* *The Forms of Fiction*, 1962.
* *The Construction of the Wakefield Cycle*, 1974.
* *The Poetry of Chaucer*, 1977.
* *On Moral Fiction*, 1978.
* *On Becoming a Novelist*, 1983.
* *The Art of Fiction*, 1983.
* *On Writers and Writing*, 1994. 

### Translation
* *The Complete Works of the Gawain Poet*, 1965.
* *The Alliterative Morte Arthure and Other Middle English Poems*, 1971.
* *Tengu Child* (with Nobuko Tsukui), 1983.
* *Gilgamesh* (with John Maier, Richard A. Henshaw), 1984.

## Other websites
* 
* 
*"Audio Interview with John C. Gardner" , *Wired for Books''
*"Thirty years Later: A Conversation on John Gardner (with Joel Gardner). March 2012. http://ragazine.cc/2012/02/joel-gardnerinterview 
*Audio interview of John Gardner by Stephen Banker, circa 1978
John L. Gardner

**John Lane Gardner** (1793–1869) served in the U.S. Army eventually achieving the rank of brevet Brigadier General after serving in the American Civil War having also served in the War of 1812, the Seminole War and the Mexican–American War before that.

## Other websites
*John L. Gardner at Find A Grave
*The Mexican-American War: Gardner military reports 
*Fort Polk
John Gardner

**John Gardner** may refer to:

## Arts and literature
*John Gardner (American writer) (1933–1982), American novelist and educator, author of *Grendel*
*John Gardner (British writer) (1926–2007), British author of spy and mystery novels, former official James Bond author
*John Gardner (composer) (1917–2011), British composer
*John Lowell Gardner II (1837–1898), patron of the arts
*John Gardner (boat builder) (1905–1995), American nautical historian

## Law, education and government
*John Gardner (Rhode Island) (1697–1764), Deputy Governor, Colony of Rhode Island
*John Gardner (Australian politician), Australian Liberal Party MP for the South Australian seat of Morialta since 2010
*John Gardner (Continental Congress) (1747–1808), American farmer, Rhode Island delegate to Continental Congress
*John Gardner (lawyer) (born 1964), professor of jurisprudence, University of Oxford
*John Dunn Gardner (1811–1903), British Member of Parliament, 1841 to 1847 
*John Fentress Gardner (1912–1998), American author and educator
*John J. Gardner (1845–1921), American politician representing New Jersey in the United States House of Representatives, 1885 to 1893
*John W. Gardner (1912–2002), U.S. Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare during the Great Society, founder of Medicare and Public Broadcasting

## Others
*John D. Gardner (general), lieutenant general in the U.S. Army
*John L. Gardner (1793–1869), brigadier general in the US Army
*John Albert Gardner (born 1979), American double murderer
*John Sterling Gardner, Jr., American criminal, see List of individuals executed in North Carolina
*John Gardner (Texas Ranger) (1845–1926), Texas Ranger, cowboy, Indian fighter and trail boss
*John Twiname Gardner (1854–1914), English doctor and composer
*John L. Gardner (boxer), British boxer
*John Gardner (tennis), Australian tennis player, see 1971 US Open – Men's Singles
John W. Gardner

**John William Gardner** (October 8, 1912 – February 16, 2002) was an American politician who served as the Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare under President Lyndon Johnson. He was the founder of Common Cause.

## Other websites
* "John Gardner: Uncommon American" PBS documentary 
*
* "John W. Gardner: The Man Behind Our Mission"
Rocky Frisco

**Don Roscoe "Rocky" Joseph III** (July 26, 1937 - May 26, 2015), professionally known as **Rocky Frisco** and **Rocky Curtiss**, was an American musician.  He was best known as the longtime pianist for JJ Cale, and for his role in the development of the music style known as the Tulsa Sound.

## References
Aminah Robinson

**Aminah Brenda Lynn Robinson** (February 18, 1940 – May 22, 2015) was an American artist. Robinson received her formal art training at the Columbus Art School (now the Columbus College of Art and Design). She was known for creating sculptures in Columbus neighborhoods. 

Robinson died on May 22, 2015 from heart failure, aged 75.

## References
Mallory Hagan

**Mallory Hagan** (born December 23, 1988) is an American beauty queen. She was crowned Miss America 2013. Since 1989, each contestant has to choose an  she cares deeply about to promote. Hagan chose increasing awareness and prevention of child sexual abuse. Along with the crown she won a $50,000 college scholarship. She had been competing in beauty contests since age 13.

## References
Tanith Lee

**Tanith Lee** (19 September 1947 – 24 May 2015) was a British writer of science fiction, horror, and fantasy. She was the author of over 90 novels and 300 short stories, a children's picture book (*Animal Castle*), and many poems. 

She also wrote two episodes of the BBC science fiction series ''Blake's 7*. She was the first woman to win the British Fantasy Award best novel award (also known as the August Derleth Award), for her book *Death's Master'' (1980).

Lee died peacefully in her sleep after a long illness on 24 May 2015.

## References
## Other websites
* Daughter of the Night: The premier annotated Tanith Lee bibliography
* Tanith Lee on the Silver Metal Lover
* Biography  on the Internet Book List
* Tanith Lee Publications at *http://www.immanion-press.com
* Tanith Lee's Official Website: http://www.tanith-lee.com
General Motors C/K Trucks

The **C/K** was Chevrolet and GMC's full-size pickup truck. The series was produced from 1960 until 1999 in the United States. In Canada it was produced from 1965 to 1999. South American trucks were made from 1964 through 2001 in Brazil and from 1975 to 1982 in Chile. 

The first Chevrolet pickup truck appeared in 1918. The buyer provided the all-wood cab or got it after an aftermarket supplier added it to the chassis. The same was true for the steel cargo bed. "C" indicated two-wheel drive and "K" indicated four-wheel drive. The aging C/K light-duty pickup truck was replaced with the Chevrolet Silverado and GMC Sierra names in 1999 in the US and Canada. In 2001 in Brazil they were called the Chevrolet Silverado HD and GMC Sierra HD heavy-duty pickup trucks. Until this time the names Silverado and Sierra were used to identify the trim level of the C/K trucks.

## References
Odo Marquard

**Odo Marquard** (26 February 1928 - 9 May 2015) was a German philosopher.

Marquard was born in Stolp, Farther Pomerania. In 1984 he was awarded the Sigmund Freud Prize by the Deutsche Akademie für Sprache und Dichtung. Marquard died at the age of 87.

## References
Epstein–Barr virus

The **Epstein–Barr virus** (**EBV**), also called **human herpesvirus 4** (HHV-4), is one of eight viruses in the herpes family. It is one of the most common viruses in humans.

EBV is best known as the cause of infectious mononucleosis (glandular fever). It is also associated with some forms of cancer, such as Hodgkin's lymphoma, and conditions associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). EBV may be associated with a higher risk of certain autoimmune diseases.  Some 200,000 cancer cases per year may be caused by (or associated with) EBV. 

Infection with EBV occurs by the transfer by mouth (oral transfer) of saliva and genital secretions. 

Most people become infected with EBV and gain adaptive immunity. In the United States, about half of all five-year-old children and about 90 percent of adults have evidence of previous infection. Infants become susceptible to EBV as soon as maternal antibody protection disappears. Many children become infected with EBV, and these infections usually cause no symptoms or are just mild, brief illnesses of childhood. In the United States and other developed countries, many people are not infected with EBV in their childhood years. When infection with EBV occurs during adolescence, it causes glandular fever 35 to 50 percent of the time.

EBV infects B cells of the immune system and epithelial cells. Once EBV's initial infection is brought under control, non-active EBV stays in the person's B cells for the rest of their life.

## References
Populism

:

, a staunch supporter of populism, has been swallowing the symbol of the Democratic Party.]]
**Populism** is a name for a kind of political movement. Populists usually try to make a difference between common people and "elites" (meaning usually, top classes of people). Populists may think of wealthy people or well-educated people as belonging to the class of elites. Populists may also call those who have been working in government for a long time "establishment" and count them as elites too.

A theme of populism is that the common people lack certain privileges that the elites have or that commoners cannot do certain things the elites can do. The populists see themselves on the side of the common people. They want to help the common people get some of the rights and privileges of the elites.

## Right-wing populism 
Right-wing populists take some of the values of right-wing parties: 
* They see unregulated immigration as good for the elite and bad for the people. 
* They are against globalization and foreign beliefs: in Europe, they often think that European values are based on Christian ones and that other religions or their values are bad.

## Left-wing populism 
Left-wing populists share some of the values of left-wing parties:
*They believe in social justice, according to their defined definition
*Often, they are against capitalism and globalization
*Unlike right-wing populists who are against unregulated immigration, they focus heavily on including unprivileged social groups. Often at the burden of a larger collective.
Left-wing populism is common in Central and South America.

## Related pages
* Appeal to popularity
* Autocracy
* Cult of personality
* Ochlocracy
* Pragmatism
* Political polarization
* Welfare state
Cactus Flower

***Cactus Flower*** is a 1969 American comedy movie. Ingrid Bergman plays Stephanie Dickinson. Goldie Hawn plays Toni Simmons. Walter Matthau plays Julian Winston. 

The movie received an Oscar for Goldie Hawn for her performance. It also won a Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actress. It was liked both by the general public and critics.

## References
## Other websites
*
*
Ramelteon

**Ramelteon** is a central nervous system (CNS) depressant medication that can help people sleep. It is used for patients that have trouble falling asleep.

## References
1001 Nights (TV series)

**1001 Nights** is a Canadian animated television series developed and produced at Big Bad Boo Studios, based on stories from *One Thousand and One Nights.* This is the first time the books of *One Thousand and One Nights* were made into an animated TV series for children.

## References
Mike Wazowski

**Michael "Mike" Wazowski** is a character from both Monsters, Inc. and Monsters University. In Monsters, Inc., he and his partner Sulley worked as scorers on the scarefloor. He also had a girlfriend named Celia who was the receptionist. In Monsters University, he went on a school field trip with Ms. Graves kindergarten class to Monsters Inc. After visiting the factory, he wanted to be a scarer, so he went to Monsters University to accomplish this goal.
Dayton Waller

**Dayton Hollis Waller, Jr.** (April 2, 1925 &ndash; May 26, 2015) was an American farmer and businessman from Shreveport, Louisiana. He was a Democratic member of the Louisiana House of Representatives. He served a single term with six other at-large members from 1968 until 1972.

## References
John Elders

**John Elders** (18 December 1930 &ndash; 3 May 2015) was an English rugby union player. He played with Leicester Tigers between 1953 and 1958, scoring the third most tries in the 1950s for the club with a total of 38. He also captained the club for a number of seasons. From 1972 until 1974, he coached England national rugby union team.

Elders was born in Middlesbrough. In 1981, he moved to Australia but moved back to England in 1981.

Elders died after a long illness on 3 May 2015, aged 84.

## References
Vézère Valley

The **Vézère Valley** is known for its prehistoric cave systems, containing numerous cave paintings and hominid remains. They are found in the valley of the Vézère river between the *communes* of Les Eyzies-de-Tayac-Sireuil and Montignac in the Dordogne department, Nouvelle-Aquitaine region.

UNESCO designated the systems as a World Heritage Site in 1979. Among the archaeological sites with remarkable caves is Lascaux.

## Inscription as a heritage site 
UNESCO description is:
:"The Vézère valley contains 147 prehistoric sites dating from the Palaeolithic and 25 decorated caves. It is particularly interesting from an ethnological and anthropological, as well as an aesthetic point of view because of its cave paintings, especially those of the Lascaux Cave, whose discovery in 1940 was of great importance for the history of prehistoric art. The hunting scenes show some 100 animal figures, which are remarkable for their detail, rich colours and lifelike quality".

## List of the main sites named by the UNESCO 
## Gallery

File:Lascaux, horse.JPG|Lascaux, replica in the Brno museum Anthropos.
File:Roc de Saint-Cirq - Entrée - 20090923.jpg|Entrance of the Roc de Saint-Cirq cave.
File:Abi cro magnon.jpg|Shelter of the Cro-Magnon.
File:Grotte du Grand Roc - panoramio - Colin W (1).jpg|Le Grand Roc Cave

## Related pages
* Lascaux
* Vézère

## References 
## Other websites
* Hominides.com website  
* Office de tourisme de la Vallée de la Vézère
Bharat Raj Upreti

**Bharat Raj Upreti** (; 8 July 1950 &ndash; 24 May 2015) was a Nepalese judge. He was a justice of the Supreme Court of Nepal from 22 January 2009 until his resignation in 2013.

## Personal Life
Upreti was born in Sindhupalchowk to a Hindu family. He studied at universities in Nepal and India.
## Death
Upreti died on 24 May 2015 in Gyaneshwor, Kathmandu, aged 64. He committed suicide by hanging.

## References
Chances Are

***Chances Are*** is a 1989 American romantic comedy fantasy movie. This movie is about happenings in 1964 and 1987. It is also about reincarnation. Cybill Shepherd plays Corinne Jeffries. Mary Stuart Masterson plays Miranda Jeffries.

## Cast
* Cybill Shepherd as Corinne Jeffries
* Robert Downey, Jr. as Alex Finch
* Ryan O'Neal as Phillip Train
* Mary Stuart Masterson as Miranda Jeffries
* Christopher McDonald as Louie Jeffries
* Josef Sommer as Judge Fenwick
* Joe Grifasi as Omar
* Henderson Forsythe as Ben Bradlee
* Fran Ryan as Mavis Talmadge
* James Noble as Dr. Bailey

## Locations
Several scenes were filmed in Georgetown, along the mall and other parts of Washington, D.C..

## Reception
*Chances Are* received positive reviews from movie critics. Rotten Tomatoes gives the movie a 64% rating. The movie got back over $16 million.

## References
## Other websites
* 
* 
* 
*
Australopithecus deyiremeda

***Australopithecus deyiremeda*** is an extinct hominin which lived about 3.4 million years ago in northern Ethiopia. 

*A. deyiremeda* was perhaps one of four different species of early humans that were all alive at the same time. It lived around the same time and place as several previously discovered specimens of *Australopithecus afarensis*. They include the well-known Lucy. 

Analysis of fossil teeth suggest that *A. deyiremeda* had a different diet from *A. afarensis*. Some scientists believe that *A. deyiremeda* fossils really belonged to *A. afarensis* individuals, and are not a unique species at all. Others disagree.

## Name 
The word *Australopithecus* means "southern ape" in Latin. The word *deyiremeda* means "close relative" in the Afar language of Ethiopia.

Within the study area where the fossils were found, paleoanthropologists have found more than 120 early hominin fossil specimens, all around 3.4 to 3.8 million years old.

## Identification 
Ethiopian paleoanthropologist Yohannes Haile-Selassie and his team first proposed *A. deyiremeda* as a species in 2015.

## Description 
*A. deyiremeda* was bipedal. However, it probably also spent time in the trees, based on its foot anatomy.

Analysis of fossil teeth suggests that this species had a plant-based diet similar to *Ardipithecus ramidus* and *Australopithecus anamensis*.

## Related pages 
* Human evolution
* *Australopithecus*
* Paleoanthropology

## References
Cyborg

A **cyborg** (short for "cybernetic organism") is a theoretical or fictional being with both organic and manufactured parts. 

The term was coined in 1960.  D.S. Halacy's *Cyborg: evolution of the superman* in 1965 spoke of a "new frontier" that was "not merely space, but more profoundly the relationship between 'inner space' to 'outer space' – a bridge...between mind and matter".

The term cyborg is not the same thing as bionic. It is often applied to an organism that has restored or enhanced abilities, done by some artificial part, by or technology that relies on some sort of feedback. 

While cyborgs are commonly thought of as mammals, they might also conceivably be any kind of organism and the term "cybernetic organism" has been applied loosely to all sorts of things. The term can also apply to micro-organisms which are modified to perform at higher levels than their unmodified counterparts. It is thought that cyborg technology may form a part of humanity's future.

## References
Consenting Adults (movie)

***Consenting Adults*** is a 1992 American mystery crime-thriller movie. This movie is about a composer and his wife living an ordinary suburban life until some new neighbors come along.

## Plot
Composer Richard Parker and his wife Priscilla live an ordinary suburban life. That is, until they meet their new neighbors, Eddy and Kay Otis. The two couples become friends. Kay's talent for blues singing gets the attention of Richard. Eddy is attracted to Priscilla. However, it becomes clear that Eddy is a scam artist who fakes a neck injury after an auto accident.

The plot takes a nasty turn when Richard sleeps with Kay. Kay turns up bludgeoned to death with a baseball bat the following morning. It is then revealed that Eddy spent the night elsewhere, to establish an airtight alibi. Richard's fingerprints are on the bat. His semen is found in her body. He is then charged with the crime. Making matters worse, Priscilla disowns and divorces Richard due to his infidelity. Eddy soon becomes Priscilla's lover and a substitute father to Richard's child.

Richard finds a ray of hope when he discovers that Kay is alive. Eddy, expecting what Richard intends to do next, murders Kay and slips away.

Priscilla discovers a forgotten plane ticket that Eddy used on the night of the second murder. She realizes Eddy's guilt and worries over what to do about it. Richard raids Eddy's house. Eddy, however, expects this move as well. Priscilla and Richard eventually kill Eddy with the baseball bat.

## Cast
## Critical reception
*Consenting Adults* received negative reviews from movie critics. Rotten Tomatoes gives the movie 27% overall.

## References
## Other websites
* 
* 
* 
*
Tzatziki

**Tzatziki** or **cacık**  is a yoghurt dip or meze also served widely in the Mediterranean and Middle East. It is basically made from  yogurt with chopped-up cucumber or other vegetables. It is excellent to go with the spiced meat dishes of the Mediterranean cuisine.

A common recipe is strained yogurt (usually from sheep or goat milk) mixed with cucumbers, garlic, salt, olive oil, sometimes lemon juice, and dill, mint, or parsley. Tzatziki is typically served cold.

It is served as a cold appetiser (meze), a side dish, and as a sauce for souvlaki and gyros sandwiches and other foods.

## References
American occupation zone

The **American Zone of Occupation** was the southern part of Allied Occupied Germany after the defeat of Nazi Germany in World War II in 1945.

Germany was occupied by the Soviets, the French, the Americans, and the British. Each had an occupation zone. The American Zone of Occupation's first military governor was Dwight Eisenhower, later the President of the United States of America. It remained as an occupied territory from 1945 until 1949. During the aftermath of Germany's defeat there was some sabotage and murder by the Nazi Operation Werwolf.

## Related pages 
* Allied Occupation Zones in Germany
* British occupation zone
* Soviet occupation zone
Cat Chaser

***Cat Chaser*** is a 1989 thriller movie. The movie is about a former American paratrooper who runs a beachfront hotel in Miami. He searches for a woman who saved his life in 1965. Kelly McGillis plays Mary. Charles Durning plays Jiggs.

## Cast
* Peter Weller as George Moran
* Kelly McGillis as Mary DeBoya
* Charles Durning as Jiggs Scully
* Frederic Forrest as Nolen Tyner
* Tomás Milián as Andres DeBoya
* Maria M. Ruperto as Luci Palma
* Juan Fernández de Alarcon as Rafi

## Critical reception
*Cat Chaser* got mixed reviews from critics. Rotten Tomatoes rates the movie 40%. *Variety* said: "Despite a fine cast and atmospheric direction by Abel Ferrara, the pic doesn't quite make the grade, though it is certainly worth a look." 

## References
## Other websites
*
Little Big Man

***Little Big Man*** is a 1970 Western-comedy movie. It is about Native Americans and American pioneers in the 19th century. Also in 19th century, a white male child is raised by the Cheyenne people. Dustin Hoffman plays Jack Crabb. Faye Dunaway plays Louise Pendrake. Little Big Man was released on December 23, 1970. It was based on the book by Thomas Berger.

The movie got very positive reviews from critics. Roger Ebert gave the movie four stars. It was rated GP by the MPAA.

In 2014, the Library of Congress selected Little Big Man into the United States National Film Registry.

## References
## Other websites
* 
*
Armagnac (brandy)

**Armagnac** (; ) is a kind of brandy produced in the Armagnac region of France. The region lies between the Adour and Garonne rivers in the s of the Pyrenees. The area contains  of grape-producing vines. It was given an AOC in 1936.

Column stills rather than pot stills are used in the production of Armagnac. It is then aged in oak barrels. Armagnac is the oldest brandy distilled in France. In the past was consumed for its therapeutic benefits. In the 14th century, Prior Vital Du Four, a Cardinal, claimed it had 40 virtues:

## References
Cyborg (movie)

***Cyborg*** is a 1989 martial arts and science fiction movie. The movie is about post-apocalyptic times.

## Cast
* Jean-Claude Van Damme as Gibson Rickenbacker
* Deborah Richter as Nady Simmons
* Vincent Klyn as Fender Tremolo
* Dayle Haddon as Pearl Prophet
* Alex Daniels as Marshall Strat
* Blaise Loong as Furman Vux / Pirate / Bandit
* Ralf Möller as Brick Bardo (as Rolf Muller)
* Haley Peterson as Haley
* Terrie Batson as Mary
* Jackson 'Rock' Pinckney as Tytus / Pirate

## Production
Cannon Films had planned to make a sequel to the 1987 He-Man movie *Masters of the Universe* and a live action version of 'Spider Man'. Both projects were planned to shoot at the same time by Albert Pyun. Cannon, however, was in financial trouble. They had to cancel deals with both Mattel and Marvel Entertainment. Cannon had already spent $2 million on costumes and sets for both movies. They decided to write a new project to recoup the money spent on them. Then Pyun wrote the storyline for *Cyborg* in one weekend. The movie was shot for less than $500,000 and filmed in 23 days. It was shot entirely in Wilmington, North Carolina.

Jackson "Rock" Pinckney, who played one of Fender's pirates, lost his eye during filming when Jean-Claude Van Damme struck his eye with a prop knife. Pinckney sued Van Damme in a North Carolina court and was awarded $485,000.

Violent scenes were removed from the movie to achieve an R rating rather than an X rating. That included a throat slitting and some blood and gore in the village massacre. Also removed was the death of a man Van Damme was fighting.

## Reception
The movie got negative reviews from movie critics. However, the movie was successful in the box office. It got back over $10 million total.

## References
## Other websites
* 
* 
* 
*
Inuinnaqtun

**Inuinnaqtun** is an Inuit language spoken in northern Canada. It is one of the official languages of Nunavut and the Northwest Territories. These are two of the three territories in Canada. 

Inuinnaqtun is closely related to Inuktitut, but Inuinnaqtun is only written in Latin script (unlike Inuktitut). The number of native speakers is 410.
Cabin (truck)

The **cabin** or **cab** of a truck is the  space in a truck where the driver is seated. Modern long-haul (long distance) trucks cabs usually feature air conditioning, a good sound system, and ergonomic seats (often air-suspended). Pickup truck cabs have options that can make them as comfortable to drive as a car.

## Pickup trucks 
There are usually three types of cabs in pickup trucks:
* **Regular cab** means a pickup truck with 2 doors. It has a single row of seating and may seat one or two passengers.
* **Extended cab** means a cab with rear seating. It can have two, three or four doors.
* **Crew Cab** means a 4-door truck cab.
* **Cab over engine** (COE) or **flat nose**, where the driver is seated on top of the front axle and the engine. They came into use just before World War II. Cabovers have a shorter wheelbase and good visibility. Conventionals are further divided into "large car" and "aerodynamic" designs. A "large car" or "long nose" is a conventional truck with a long (6 to 8&nbsp;foot (1.8 to 2.4&nbsp;m) or more) hood. With their very square shapes, these trucks experience a lot of wind resistance. They typically consume more fuel. They also provide somewhat poorer visibility than their aerodynamic or COE counterparts. By contrast, *Aerodynamic* cabs are very streamlined. They have a sloped hood and other features to lower drag. The front doors are behind (and mostly above) the front tires. Access to a conventional cabin is commonly by s at or near the fuel tank(s) behind the front tires.

## References
Two-wheel drive

**Two-wheel drive** (2WD) describes vehicles in which, in , two wheels receive power from the engine at the same time. Usually the two wheels are on the same axle in the drivetrain. Most vehicles with two-wheel drive are mainly for use on roads and highways. Two-wheel drive cars and trucks are either front- (FWD) or Rear-wheel drive (RWD). This means either the front or the rear axle is the "drive axle" that moves the vehicle forward. When the vehicle begins to accelerate, some of the weight of the vehicle is shifted to the rear giving a rear-wheel drive car or better  and traction. Two-wheel drive systems are simple and rugged. This is why rear-wheel drive is so  in police cars and other service vehicles. A differential also prevents excessive tire wear. 

Of the two drive types, RWD has more disadvantages. In wet or slippery conditions, having effectively only one drive wheel, the tires are going to slip and lose traction. A FWD (not to be confused with 4WD) vehicle will have better traction, but in snow and icy conditions will not equal a four-wheel drive car or truck.

## References
Carlito's Way

'''''Carlito's Way''''' is a 1993 crime drama movie set in New York City in 1975. It was directed by Brian De Palma and produced by Martin Bregman. The movie is about Carlito Brigante. He is released from prison and wants to go straight. However, he cannot escape from his past, and gets dragged back into criminal activity. Al Pacino plays Carlito. Penelope Ann Miller plays Carlito's girlfriend Gail. Sean Penn plays Carlito's lawyer Dave Kleinfeld.

## Cast
* Al Pacino as Carlito Brigante
* Sean Penn as David Kleinfeld
* Penelope Ann Miller as Gail
* John Leguizamo as Benny Blanco
* Luis Guzmán as Pachanga
* Jorge Porcel as Saso
* Ingrid Rogers as Steffie
* Ara Gelici as Delale Sirnak
* James Rebhorn as District Attorney Bill Norwalk
* Joseph Siravo as Vincent "Vinnie" Taglialucci
* Frank Minucci as Anthony "Tony T" Taglialucci
* Adrian Pasdar as Frank "Frankie" Taglialucci
* Richard Foronjy as Pete Amadesso
* Viggo Mortensen as Lalin
* John Augstin Ortiz as Guajiro
* Al Israel as Rolando
* Ángel Salazar as Walberto
* Orlando Urdaneta as a bartender
* Rick Aviles as Quisqueya

## Reception
This movie was released on November 3, 1993. It got mixed to positive reviews from critics. Its box office intake was over $63 million. The movie was criticized for re-treading old ground, mainly Brian De Palma's earlier works, such as *Scarface* and *The Untouchables*. On the *Siskel and Ebert* show, Ebert gave the movie a thumbs up. Siskel gave the movie a thumbs down. Ebert stated in his review the movie was one of De Palma's finest. The movie has a Fresh 79% rating from Rotten Tomatoes.

## References
## Other websites
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Kate Quilton

**Kate Quilton** is a television presenter best known for her work on food shows like *Food Unwrapped*.

Quilton began working in television while still a student. She had jobs with ITV and the BBC. She resigned from Channel 4 in 2014 to work full-time on *Food Unwrapped*. In 2014 Quilton appeared with *Food Unwrapped* co-presenter Jimmy Doherty in ''The World's Best Diet'', a one-off show.

## References
## Other websites
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Grumpy Old Men (movie)

***Grumpy Old Men*** is a 1993 romantic comedy movie. It is about two old men who lead boring, ordinary lives in Wabasha, Minnesota. This was the sixth movie starring both Jack Lemmon and Walter Matthau. It was also their first movie together since 1981's *Buddy Buddy*. Lemon and Matthau are one of the screen's great comedy teams.

It was followed by a sequel, *Grumpier Old Men*.

## Plot 
Lemon and Matthau play neighbors who have been feuding since their childhood. The movie opened on December 25, 1993. It had a weekend gross of $3,874,911. However, its numbers gradually became stronger. It earned a domestic total of $70 million. It got mixed to positive s from critics. The movie is rated PG-13 for adult themes.

## References
## Other websites
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* *Grumpy Old Men* at Rotten Tomatoes
Grumpier Old Men

***Grumpier Old Men*** is a 1995 romance-comedy movie. The movie is about a feud between two old men that has cooled. The movie is the sequel to *Grumpy Old Men*.

## Cast
* Walter Matthau as Max Goldman
* Jack Lemmon as John Gustafson Jr.
* Ann-Margret as Ariel Truax Gustafson
* Sophia Loren as Maria Sophia Coletta Raghetti Goldman
* Ann Morgan Guilbert as Francesca "Mama" Ragetti
* Burgess Meredith as John Gustafson Sr.
* Daryl Hannah as Melanie Gustafson Goldman
* Kevin Pollak as Jacob Goldman
* Katie Sagona as Allie (Melanie's daughter)

## Critical reception
This movie was released on December 22, 1995. It got negative reviews from critics. Roger Ebert gave the movie two out of four stars. Kevin Thomas from *Los Angeles Times* said the movie was contrived and getting by on the star power of its cast It took in $71 million at the box office, more than its predecessor, *Grumpy Old Men*. Grumpier Old Men won the 1996 People's Choice Award for "Favorite Comedy Motion Picture". Like the first movie, *Grumpier Old Men* was rated PG-13.

## References
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Style (Taylor Swift song)

**"Style"** is a song by American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift. It is the third track from her fifth studio album, *1989*.  It was released as the third single from the album on February 9, 2015. It reached number six on the US *Billboard* Hot 100.  It topped the Mainstream Top 40/Pop Songs chart in the United States.  The song contains elements of disco, funk-pop, and pop rock.

## References
1989 (album)

***1989*** is the fifth studio album by American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift.  The album was released on October 27, 2014 in the United States.  The album debuted at number one in many countries around the world. *1989* was noted to be Swift's first "pop-sounding" album.  The album was named after the year Swift was born and contains elements of music from that year.

## Release date 
As of January 2016, six singles have been released.  The first four were "Shake It Off", "Blank Space", "Style", and "Bad Blood".  The first, second, and fourth singles all reached number one on the US *Billboard* Hot 100, while the third single reached number six.  The fourth single, "Bad Blood", was also released as a remix featuring American rapper Kendrick Lamar. 

## Billboard spots 
The fifth single, "Wildest Dreams", reached number five on the *Billboard* Hot 100 and, like the previous singles from the album, topped *Billboard*'s Mainstream Top 40 (Pop Songs) airplay chart.  The music video for the sixth single, "Out of the Woods", premiered on New Year's Eve 2015 on the annual new-year countdown show, ''Dick Clark's New Year's Rockin' Eve with Ryan Seacrest*, which was shown on ABC in the United States.  This song has so far reached the top twenty on the US *Billboard* Hot 100.  The last single is "New Romantics", a song from the deluxe edition of *1989*.  The song was released on February 23, 2016.

The album generally received positive reviews from music critics, and it sold over 1.2 million copies in the United States in its first week. This is the largest first-week sales of any album since 2002.  This record was beaten by English singer-songwriter Adele with her 2015 album, *25'', which sold over 3 million copies in its first week in November 2015.

## References
Pharmacokinetics

. ]]

**Pharmacokinetics** is a branch of pharmacology which studies what the body does to a drug. Pharmacokinetics looks at how a substance enters, moves through and exits the body. It relates how the dose delivered affects the concentration within the body. It is closely related to another branch of pharmacology, pharmacodynamics, which describes how a drugs affects the body.
1953 British Mount Everest expedition

The **British Mount Everest expedition of 1953** was the first expedition that made it to the summit of Mount Everest. Edmund Hillary, a New Zealander explorer, and Tenzing Norgay, a Nepalese mountain climber, formed the pair that got to the top. The military-style expedition was "bottom heavy" by today's standards. There were tons of equipment hauled by 350 porters to support only ten climbers. They could stay on the summit for only 15 minutes because they risked running out of oxygen.

## References
Anne Braden

**Anne Braden** (July 28, 1924 – March 6, 2006) was an American civil rights activist and newspaper journalist. She worked for newspapers in Louisville, Kentucky, Anniston, Alabama and Birmingham, Alabama. She also worked for the civil rights movement.

## Early activism
In 1948, she married Carl Braden. He was a journalist too. They were interested in Henry Wallace's campaign to be President of the United States. Not long after Wallace lost, they left mainstream journalism. After World War II, the labor movement grew less aggressive. It began to break apart into smaller groups. At the same time, civil rights causes heated up.

In the 1940s, some hospitals were racially segregated. Black people were not treated in the same area as white people. In 1950, Anne Braden led a hospital racial integration drive in Kentucky. She wanted to show that such racial segregation was a bad idea. In 1951 she led a group of southern white women organized by the Civil Rights Congress to Mississippi. During that march, she was arrested. They were protesting against the execution of Willie McGee, an African American. He had been convicted of the rape of a white woman, Willette Hawkins.

## The Wade case
Anne Braden is probably best known for something that happened in 1954. The Wade family asked the Bradens for help. Andrew Wade was an African American who wanted to buy a house in white suburban Louisville, Kentucky. On May 15, 1954, Andrew Wade and his wife Charlotte spent their first night in their new home. When white neighbors discovered that black people had moved in, they burned a cross in front of the house. They shot out windows. A few days later, a stone was thrown through a window. The milkman would not deliver milk. They were accused of trying to start a race war. They were also accused of blowing up the house themselves to try to overthrow the government of Kentucky. This happened during the time of McCarthyism. Anyone could be accused of being a communist and many were. Carl Braden was said to be a communist . He spent eight months in prison. The Supreme Court ruled a year later in a Pennsylvania case. It said sedition was a federal crime, not a state crime. Carl Braden's state conviction was cancelled. The charges were dropped against the other defendants. The Wades moved back to Louisville.

## Life
Anne Braden was born in Louisville, Kentucky. She died there at age 81.

## References
Anna Levinson

**Anna-Rose Levinson** (8 January 1939 &ndash; 13 May 2015) was a German zoologist and entomologist. She worked at the Max Planck Institute for Behavioral Physiology from 1971 and the Max Planck Institute for Ornithology from 2004.

Levinson was born in Tel Aviv, Israel and graduated from the University of Jerusalem in 1966. She later moved to Germany, living in Starnberg, Bavaria. She was married to Hermann Levinson until his death in November 2013.

Levinson died on 13 May 2015, aged 76.

## References
Subcompact car

A **subcompact car** is the American term for an automobile with a class size smaller than  a compact car. Usually they are not longer than . They are larger than a microcar. According to the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), a passenger car is classified as subcompact if it has between  and  of interior volume.

The subcompact group is roughly the same as A-segment and B-segment cars in Europe. They also are similar in size to a city car and supermini in British terminology.  In 2012, the New York Times described the differences, saying "today’s small cars actually span three main s in the global vehicle market". The tiny A-segment cars include the Chevrolet Spark and Smart Fortwo. They’re extremely short and very light. Slightly larger are B-segment cars like the Ford Fiesta and Chevrolet Sonic. The most popular subcompact cars include the Chevrolet Sonic/Aveo and the Ford Fiesta.

## References
Medcezir

***Medcezir*** is an Turkish teenage drama television series based in Istanbul. It was on for 2 seasons between September 13, 2013 and June 12, 2015.

## Other websites 
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Elias Gleizer

**Ilicz Glejzer** (4 January 1934 &ndash; 16 May 2015), better known as **Elias Gleizer**, was a Brazilian actor. He started acting in 1959. He was best known for appearing in *O Meu Pé de Laranja Lima* (1980), *Pedra sobre Pedra* (1992), *Sonho Meu* (1994), *Terra Nostra* (1999), *Uga-Uga* (2000), *India – A Love Story* (2009), and *Flor do Caribe* (2013).

Gleizer was born in São Paulo. He was the son of Polish Jewish immigrants. He never married or had children.

Gleizer was hospitalised after a fall on 6 May 2015 in Rio de Janeiro. He later died from heart failure and bronchopneumonia on 16 May, aged 81.

## References
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Ali Raymi

**Ali Raymi** (7 December 1973 &ndash; 23 May 2015) was a Yemeni boxer. He was a four division flyweight Boxing World Champion. His professional boxing record was 26-0 (26 KOs), twenty of which happened in the first round versus undefeated fighters. He was a Yemeni amateur champion in 2004, 2005, 2006 and 2007. He was born in Mecca, Saudi Arabia.

Raymi died in an explosion on 23 May 2015 in Sana'a, aged 41.

## References
John Watts (Grenadian politician)

**Sir John Augustus Fitzroy Watts**  (1921 or 1922 &ndash; 11 May 2015) was a Grenadian dentist and politician. He served as the President of the Senate twice, from 1988 until 1990 and 1995 until 2004. He was also the co-founder of the Grenada National Party.

Watts was born in St. Patrick. He died on 11 May 2015 in St. George's, aged 93.

## References
Sète

**Sète** is a commune in the Hérault department of France. About 45,000 people live there.

Sète is a port and a seaside resort. It is on the Mediterranean. It has its own culture, traditions, cuisine and dialect. It is the hometown of artists including Paul Valéry, Jean Vilar, Georges Brassens, Gregory Del Piero, Hervé Di Rosa, Manitas de Plata and Robert Combas.

## Other websites
England's Newest Hit Makers

'''''England's Newest Hit Makers''''' is the debut studio album by The Rolling Stones. The album was released on May 29, 1964.

## Track listing
## References
Burhan Muhammad

**Burhan Muhammad** (3 August 1957 &ndash; 19 May 2015) was an Indonesian diplomat. From 14 November 2012 until his death, he was the Ambassador to Pakistan. He was born in Yogyakarta.

Muhammad was badly burned and injured in a helicopter crash in Naltar, Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan on 8 May 2015. He later died at a hospital in Singapore, aged 57.

## References
Reynaldo Rey

**Reynaldo Rey** (born **Harry Reynolds**; January 27, 1940 &ndash; May 28, 2015) was an American actor, comedian, and television personality. He started his career in 1973. He was best known for roles in the movies *Harlem Nights* (1989), ''White Men Can't Jump* (1992), and *Friday* (1995). He also appeared in the television series *227''.

Rey was born in Sequoyah County, Oklahoma. He was of African American and Native American ancestry.

Rey died from problems caused by a stroke on May 28, 2015 in Los Angeles, California. He was 75.

## References
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Cannonball

***Cannonball*** is the seventh studio album by Pat Green. The album was released on August 22, 2006.

## Track listing
## References
Wabasha, Minnesota

**Wabasha** is a city in Wabasha County, Minnesota, USA. It is also the county seat.The population was 2,559 in 2020. Wabasha is located in southeastern Minnesota on the Mississippi River. Established in 1830, Wabasha is the oldest town in Minnesota. It is also the oldest ly  city in the upper Mississippi River valley.

## References
Doris Hart

**Doris Hart** (June 20, 1925 &ndash; May 29, 2015) was an American tennis player. She played singles and doubles and was ranked in the world top ten from 1946 through 1955, becoming World No. 1 during 1951. She won four Australian Championships, ten French Championships, ten Wimbledon titles, and eleven U.S. Championships. In total, she had 35 Grand Slam titles before retiring in 1955.

Hart was born in St. Louis, Missouri. As a child, she suffered from osteomyelitis which left her with an impaired right leg. She also attended the University of Miami. She never married or had children.

Hart died on May 29, 2015 in Coral Gables, Florida. She was 89.

## References
## Other websites
* Doris Hart at the International Tennis Hall of Fame
Annarita Sidoti

**Annarita Sidoti** (25 July 1970 &ndash; 21 May 2015) was an Italian race walker. She was the 1997 world champion. She also won the European Championships twice and the European Indoor Championships once. She competed  in the 1992, 1996 and 2000 Summer Olympics. She appeared in the 1998 movie *Le complici*.

Sidoti was born in Gioiosa Marea, Sicily. She was married and had three children.

Sidoti died from breast cancer on 21 May 2015 in Gioiosa Marea. She was 44.

## References
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