open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
20 Fenchurch Street

**20 Fenchurch Street** is a commercial skyscraper in London that takes its name from its address on Fenchurch Street, in the historic City of London financial district. It has been nicknamed *The Walkie-Talkie* because of its distinctive shape. The 34-storey building is  tall, making it the fifth-tallest building in the City of London.

Designed by architect Rafael Viñoly and costing over £200 million, 20 Fenchurch Street features a highly distinctive top-heavy form which appears to burst upward and outward. A large viewing deck, bar and restaurants are included on the top three floors; these are open to the public.

The tower was originally proposed at nearly  tall but its design was scaled down after concerns about its visual impact on the nearby St Paul's Cathedral and Tower of London. It was subsequently approved in 2006 with the revised height. Even after the height reduction there were continued concerns from heritage groups about its impact on the surrounding area. The project was consequently the subject of a public inquiry; in 2007 this ruled in the developers' favour and the building was granted full planning permission.

In their preliminary results for 2007, joint-developers Land Securities and Canary Wharf Group said 20 Fenchurch Street would be completed in 2011, however in 2009 during the depths of the Great Recession, the estimated completion was changed to 2014.
## Tenants 
*Ascot Underwriting
*China Merchants Bank
*CNA
*Lancashire
*Liberty Mutual
*Markel
*RSA
*Tokio Marine
*Vanquis
The Stolen Child

mentioned in the poem ]]
"**The Stolen Child**" is a poem by William Butler Yeats, published in 1889 in *The Wanderings of Oisin and Other Poems*. Several critics praised the poem.

## Overview 
The poem shows the early influence of Romantic literature and Pre-Raphaelite verse.

: Where dips the rocky highland
: Of Sleuth Wood in the lake,
: There lies a leafy island
: Where flapping herons wake
: The drowsy water rats;
: There we've hid our faery vats,
: Full of berry
: And of reddest stolen cherries.
: *Come away, O human child!*
: *To the waters and the wild*
: *With a faery, hand in hand.*
: ''For the world's more full of weeping than you can understand.*

: Where the wave of moonlight glosses
: The dim grey sands with light,
: Far off by furthest Rosses
: We foot it all the night,
: Weaving olden dances
: Mingling hands and mingling glances
: Till the moon has taken flight;
: To and fro we leap
: And chase the frothy bubbles,
: While the world is full of troubles
: And is anxious in its sleep.
: *Come away, O human child!*
: *To the waters and the wild*
: *With a faery, hand in hand,*
: *For the world's more full of weeping than you can understand.*

: Where the wandering water gushes
: From the hills above Glen-Car,
: In pools among the rushes
: That scarce could bathe a star,
: We seek for slumbering trout
: And whispering in their ears
: Give them unquiet dreams;
: Leaning softly out
: From ferns that drop their tears
: Over the young streams.
: *Come away, O human child!*
: *To the waters and the wild*
: *With a faery, hand in hand,*
: *For the world's more full of weeping than you can understand.''

: Away with us he's going,
: The solemn-eyed:
: He'll hear no more the lowing
: Of the calves on the warm hillside
: Or the kettle on the hob
: Sing peace into his breast,
: Or see the brown mice bob
: Round and round the oatmeal chest.
: *For he comes, the human child,*
: *To the waters and the wild*
: *With a faery, hand in hand,*
: *For the world’s more full of weeping than he can understand.*

The poem was first published in the *Irish Monthly* in December 1886.

## References 
## Other sources 
* Richard J Finneran (ed) 1994. *Yeats: An Annual of Critical and Textual Studies XII*, p91–92. ISBN 0-472-10614-7
* Terence Brown 2001. *The Life of W.B. Yeats*, pages 9, 19, 66. Blackwell. ISBN 0-631-22851-9
119 Tauri

**119 Tauri**, also known as **CE Tauri**, is a red supergiant star located in the Taurus constellation. It has a diameter that is more than 590 times bigger than that of the Sun's. This is about 830 million kilometers. It has a diameter nearly the size of the asteroid belt and can be easily seen in the night sky.

## References
Rain, Swabia

**Rain** (also: *Rain (Lech)*) is a town in the Donau-Ries district, in Bavaria, Germany. It is on the river Lech, close to where it joins with the Danube, 11&nbsp;km east of Donauwörth.

## References
Pope Damasus I

**Pope Damasus I** (; c. 305 – 11 December 384) was Pope of the Catholic Church. He was Pope From October 366 to his death in 384. He was born in Rome, Western Roman Empire. He is recognized as a saint by the Catholic Church. His feast day is December 11.

## References 
## Other websites
*
WhatsApp

**WhatsApp Messenger** is a freeware and cross-platform messaging and voice over IP (VoIP) service owned by Meta. The application allows the sending of text messages and voice calls, as well as video calls, images and other media, documents, and user location. 

The application runs from a mobile device though it is also accessible from desktop computers. The service needed consumer users to provide a standard cellular mobile number. Originally users could only communicate with other users individually or in groups of individual users. In September 2017 WhatsApp announced a forthcoming business platform which will enable companies to provide customer service to users.

## References
Oettingen in Bayern

**Oettingen in Bayern** also spelled **Oettingen in Baiern** (, lit. 'Oettingen in Bavaria') is a town in the Donau-Ries district, in Swabia, Bavaria. It is  northwest of Donauwörth, and  northeast of Nördlingen.

## References
Job Control Language

**Job Control Language** (**JCL**) is a name for scripting languages used on IBM mainframe operating systems. It instructs the system on how to run a batch job or start a subsystem.

The purpose of JCL is to say which programs to run, using which files or devices  for input or output. It can indicate under what conditions to skip a step.

There are two distinct IBM Job Control languages: 
* one for the operating system lineage that begins with DOS/360 and whose latest member is z/VSE; and 
* the other for the lineage from OS/360 to z/OS, the latter now including JES extensions, Job *Entry* Control Language (JECL).

They share some basic syntax rules and a few basic concepts, but are otherwise very different.

## Notes
Bodolz

**Bodolz** is a municipality in the district of Lindau in Bavaria in Germany.

## References 
## Other websites
Lindenberg im Allgäu

**Lindenberg im Allgäu** is the second largest town of the district of Lindau in Bavaria, Germany. It is an air health resort.

## References
Maierhöfen

**Maierhöfen** is a municipality in the district of Lindau in Bavaria in Germany. It is in the Allgäu region.

## References
Jo Swinson

**Joanne Kate "Jo" Swinson**  (born 5 February 1980) is a British politician who was the Leader of the Liberal Democrats from 22 July 2019 to 12 December 2019. Before this She was the Deputy Leader of the Liberal Democrats from 2017. She was a member of the UK Parliament for an area in Scotland called "East Dunbartonshire".

On 30 May 2019, Swinson announced her plans to run as Vince Cable's replacement for party leader. She won the leadership contest beating Ed Davey.

Swinson led her party in the 2019 general election. She lost her seat to the Scottish National Party and immediately resigned as party leader.

## References
Nonnenhorn

**Nonnenhorn** is one of the three Bavarian towns on Lake Constance in the district of Lindau in Bavaria in Germany. It is an air health resort and a famous wine town. It is between Wasserburg am Bodensee and Kressbronn am Bodensee (Baden-Württemberg).

## References 
## Other websites
Röthenbach (Allgäu)

**Röthenbach (Allgäu) **is a municipality in the district of Lindau in Bavaria in Germany. It is the seat of the municipal association Röthenbach.

## References
Podklanc

**Podklanc** () is a settlement on the left bank of the Meža River south of Dravograd in the Carinthia region in northern Slovenia.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Podklanc on Geopedia
Municipality of Radovljica

The **Municipality of Radovljica** (; ) is a municipality in the Upper Carniola region of northern Slovenia. The capital of the municipality is the town of Radovljica. The municipality has around 18,000 inhabitants and an area of . It is located at the southern slope of the Karawanks mountain range at the confluence of the Sava Dolinka and the Sava Bohinjka, both headwaters of the Sava River.

## References 
## Other websites 
* 
* Municipality of Radovljica on Geopedia 
* Radovljica municipal site
Wild Frontier

***Wild Frontier*** is the sixth solo studio album by Irish guitarist Gary Moore, released in 1987. His first studio effort after a trip back to his native Belfast, Northern Ireland in 1985. The album contains several songs about Ireland and even the music itself is steeped in Celtic roots. The album is dedicated to the memory of Moore's close friend and former Thin Lizzy bandmate Phil Lynott, who died on 4 January 1986, with the words "For Philip" on the rear cover.

*Wild Frontier* contains the hit single "Over the Hills and Far Away", which reached No. 20 in the UK, as well as a cover of the Easybeats' song "Friday on My Mind". The Max Middleton-penned "The Loner" which was originally recorded by Cozy Powell for his *Over the Top* album in 1979 (on which Moore performed, but not on Powell's recording of "The Loner"). The track was substantially altered by Moore for his own recording, that is why he is credited as a co-writer.

All drums on *Wild Frontier* are sequenced with a drum machine, although the programming is uncredited in the liner notes of the album. Future Toto drummer Simon Phillips would appear on the music video for "Over the Hills and Far Away," as well in early promotions for the album. He would be replaced by former Black Sabbath drummer Eric Singer for the tour, before leaving shortly afterwards to form Badlands.

"Over the Hills and Far Away" was covered by the Finnish symphonic power metal band Nightwish on their 2001 EP of the same title, and by Swedish viking metal band Thyrfing on their album *Urkraft*. The Spanish band Saurom also recorded a cover of this song with alternative lyrics, titled "La Disolución de la Comunidad".

## Track listing 
## Personnel 
* Gary Moore – lead, rhythm and acoustic guitars, lead and backing vocals, producer on tracks 5, 7, and 8
* Neil Carter – keyboards, backing vocals
* Bob Daisley – bass

; Production

* Peter Collins – producer on tracks 1, 2, 4, 9, 10 and 12
* Pete Smith – producer on tracks 3 and 6
* James "Jimbo" Barton – producer on tracks 5, 7, 8 and 13, engineer on tracks 1 and 2, mixing on tracks 3 and 6
* Chris Porter – engineer on tracks 2 and 4
* Mike Stone – producer on track 11
* Nigel Walker – producer on track 14

## Certifications 
## References
Thief II: The Metal Age

***Thief II: The Metal Age*** is a 2000 stealth video game developed by Looking Glass Studios and published by Eidos Interactive. Like its predecessor *Thief: The Dark Project*, the game follows Garrett, a master thief who works in and around a steampunk metropolis called the City. The player assumes the role of Garrett as he unravels a conspiracy related to a new religious sect. Garrett takes on missions such as burglaries and frameups, while trying to avoid detection by guards and automated security.

*Thief II* received positive reviews from critics, and its initial sales were stronger than those of its predecessor. However, the game's royalties were gained slowly, which made Looking Glass's financial troubles worse. As a result, the company closed in May 2000, with plans for *Thief III* cancelled. The third game in the series, entitled *Thief: Deadly Shadows*, was developed by Ion Storm and published by Eidos in 2004. *Thief 2X: Shadows of the Metal Age*, a widely praised expansion mod for *Thief II*, was released in 2005. In 2014, Square Enix published a reboot of the series, developed by Eidos Montréal.

## Gameplay 
*Thief II* is a stealth game that takes place from a first-person perspective in a three-dimensional (3D) graphical environment. The player seeks to complete mission objectives and to evade the notice of opponents such as guards.  The player must minimize the visibility and audibility of the player character, Garrett, to escape detection. Players try to avoid lit areas and loud flooring in favor of shadows and quiet flooring. A light monitor on the heads-up display (HUD) indicates the player character's visibility. While it is possible for the player character to engage in direct combat, he is easily defeated.

## Reception 
*Thief 2* debuted high on the bestsellers list for computer games, and its initial sales were better than those of its commercially successful predecessor. By November 2000, its global sales had surpassed 220,000 copies; *PC Zone* described these figures as "commercial acclaim." The United States alone accounted for 67,084 sales by the end of 2000, which drew in revenues of $2.37 million. The game later received a "Silver" sales award by the Entertainment and Leisure Software Publishers Association (ELSPA), indicating sales of at least 100,000 copies in the United Kingdom. *Thief II* also received positive reviews from critics, with an aggregate score of 87 on Metacritic and 89.14% on GameRankings.

## References 
## Other websites 
*
Social Democratic Party (UK)

The **Social Democratic Party** (also known as the **SDP**) was a centrist political party that was made by Labour Party politicians in 1981 who did not like how left-wing the party was becoming. The SDP was founded on 26 March 1981 by four senior Labour Party moderates, dubbed the "Gang of Four": Roy Jenkins, David Owen, Bill Rodgers and Shirley Williams.

They allied with the Liberals, winning 25% of the vote in 1983 and 23% in 1987. The alliance between the SDP and the Liberals was called the "SDP-Liberal Alliance". Most of the SDP and Liberals merged in 1988 to form the Liberal Democrats.

David Owen continued to lead a much reduced party until 1990 when it decided to dissolve itself. The same year, some members voted to continue the party, forming the current SDP. 

## References
M50 motorway (Great Britain)

The **M50** is a motorway in South West England. It goes from the M5 to near Ross-on-Wye. Together with the A40 and A449, it links the West Midlands to South Wales. It is about .

## Junctions
{| class="wikitable"
|-  style="background:#0080d0; text-align:center; color:white; font-size:120%;"
| colspan="6" | **M50 motorway junctions**
|-
! mile
| km
! Eastbound exits (B carriageway)
! Junction
! Westbound exits (A carriageway)
! Coordinates
|- style="text-align:center;"
|0.0
|0.0
| The Midlands, Worcester, Birmingham, The South West, Tewkesbury, Bristol **M5**
| M5, J8*Terminus*
| *Start of motorway*
| 
|- style="text-align:center;"
|1.7
|2.8
| Tewkesbury **A38**
| J1
| Malvern **A38**
|
|- style="text-align:center;"
|10.9
|17.5
| Gloucester **A417**
| J2
| Ledbury **A417**
Hereford **(A438)**
|
|- style="text-align:center;"
|18.0
| 28.9
| Newent **B4221**
| J3
| Newent **B4221**
|
|- style="text-align:center;"
|21.6
|34.7
| *Start of motorway*
| J4*Terminus*
| South Wales, Monmouth, Ledbury, Ross-on-Wye **A449**
| 

## References
Wasserburg am Bodensee

**Wasserburg am Bodensee** is one of the three Bavarian municipalities on Lake Constance.  It is a well known resort, since the atmosphere is thought to be healthy.

## References
Electric beacon

, 1864.]]

In navigation, an **electric beacon** (or **electromagnetic beacon**) is a kind of beacon, as a device which sends a signal and marks a fixed location and allows direction finding equipment to find relative bearing, as the direction to the beacon.  The most common are **radio beacons**, which broadcast a radio signal which is picked up by radio direction finding systems on ships, aircraft or cars to determine the bearing to the beacon. However, the term "beacon" also covers infrared and sonar beacons.

## References
Asteroid impact prediction

**Asteroid impact prediction** warns about asteroids hitting Earth, and when and where they will hit the Earth. Most asteroids will not hit Earth. Asteroid impact prediction works by finding the ones that will hit Earth. It finds asteroids that might hit Earth in the future. This works well for big asteroids as they can be seen easily from a long distance, many years before they come close to Earth. 

There aren't many big asteroids, but there are millions of smaller space rocks. They are not normally bright enough to see until they are close to Earth. We use telescopes to find the asteroids that are going to hit Earth soon. The telescopes are not good enough to see the small asteroids unless everything is perfect. Because of this we almost never see them before they hit Earth.
## NASA Sentry system 
 and positions of asteroid 2018 LA and Earth, 30 days before it hit Earth. The picture shows how orbit information can help us know when an asteroid will hit earth, a long time before it hits Earth.]]

The IAU Minor Planet Center (MPC) looks after all the asteroid information in the world. NASA's Sentry System is always checking the MPC asteroid information. It checks if any asteroids could hit earth in the future.  It has not yet found any. The asteroid which is most likely to hit Earth is called . NASA thinks it will pass Earth in September 2095. They think it has less than a 1 in 10 chance of hitting Earth.

## Making impact prediction better 
In the early 21st century impact prediction usually doesn't work. Almost all of the asteroids that hit Earth are a surprise. NASA wants to get better at impact prediction by building more powerful telescopes. A big new telescope, made for searching, is being built in northern Chile called the LSST. It is very big and will take years to build. It should be ready by 2023. When it is ready the powerful telescope should be a lot better at seeing small asteroids. 

Telescopes on the Earth can only see part of the sky. They won't be able to see any asteroids coming from near the direction of the Sun because of the blue sky during the day.

## List of when it worked 
Below is the list of all the times when asteroid impact prediction worked. When it worked, the space rocks which hit the Earth were not a surprise. There are lots of asteroids which will hit Earth in the future.  They are not in the list because we don't know about any of them yet.  If we get better at asteroid impact prediction we will find out about them. Then we will know what asteroids are going to hit us in the future.

### Notes 
## Related pages 
*Impact event

*Near-Earth asteroid
*Near-Earth object

## References 
## Other websites
* Earth Impact Database
* Earth Impact Effects Program 
* NASA JPL Predicted Close Approaches (including impacts)
Binary solution

A **binary solution** is a homogeneous mixture of two or more than two substances whose composition can change within a certain limits. The boiling point of binary solution depends upon the solution composition and there can be three cases:

# the boiling points of solutions of all compositions lie between the boiling points of clean liquids
# the boiling points of solutions of any composition lie above the boiling points of clean liquids
# the boiling points of solutions of some compositions lie below the boiling points of clean liquids
Nicholas Roerich

**Nicholas Roerich** (; October 9, 1874 – December 13, 1947) – also known as **Nikolai Konstantinovich Rerikh** () – was a Russian painter, writer, archaeologist and theosophist. Some people in Russia thought of him as an enlightener, philosopher, and public figure. He was interested in hypnosis and other spiritual practices. His paintings are said to have hypnotic expression. He was born in Saint Petersburg to a Russian mother and a Baltic German father. Roerich was an activist for the preserving of art and architecture during war time. He earned several nominations for the Nobel Peace Prize long list. The Roerich Pact which was signed into law in 1935 by the United States and most nations of the Pan-American Union was named after him.

## Selected paintings

File:Nicholas Roerich, Guests from Overseas (corrected colour).jpg|"Guests from Overseas"
File:Rigden japo expo.jpg|"Rigden japo"
File:Sosen.jpg|"Sosen"
File:Sky power.jpg|"Sky power"
File:Fukasa yori fukai.jpg|"Fukasa yori fukai"

## References
Plate armour

(1550s).]]
**Plate armour** is a type of body armour made from iron or steel plates. The iconic suit of armour that entirely covers the wearer is plate armour. The earliest example of plate armour is the Roman army's Lorica segmentata. However full plate armour was mainly made in Europe in the late middle ages. This was an improvement on the coat of plates that had been worn over chain mail in the 13th century. It reached its peak popularity in the 15th and 16th centuries. It is often associated with medieval knights, since modified plate armour was used in jousting. However after 1650 only the breastplate was generally worn. This is because the musket was created: the musket could pierce plate armour over long distances. 

## References
Harry Connick Sr.

**Joseph Harry Fowler Connick Sr.** (March 27, 1926 – January 24, 2024) is an American attorney. He is best known for being the district attorney of the Parish of Orleans from 1973 to 2003.

His son, Harry Connick Jr., is a jazz singer, pianist, actor, and humanitarian.
Harry Connick Sr. died in New Orleans on January 24, 2024, at the age of 97.
## References
Manhasset, New York

**Manhasset** is a hamlet and census-designated place (CDP) in Nassau County, New York, on the North Shore of Long Island. As of the 2020 United States Census, the population was 8,176. It is a suburb of New York City.

## References
Philip Zimbardo

**Philip George Zimbardo** (; March 23, 1933 &ndash; October 14, 2024) was an American psychologist. He was a professor emeritus at Stanford University.

Zimbardo became known for his 1971 Stanford prison experiment. He wrote many introductory psychology books, textbooks for college students, and other notable works, including *The Lucifer Effect*, *The Time Paradox*, and *The Time Cure*. He is also the founder and president of the Heroic Imagination Project.

Zimbardo was born in New York City. He studied at Brooklyn College and later at Yale University. He was married to Christina Maslach.

Zimbardo died at home in San Francisco, California on October 14, 2024, at the age of 91.

## References
## Other websites
* Zimbardo's official website
* The Heroic Imagination Project
* Philip G. Zimbardo Papers (Stanford University Archives)
* 
* 
* Philip Zimbardo on the Lucifer Effect, in two parts
* "Critical Situations: The Evolution of a Situational Psychologist - A Conversation with Philip Zimbardo" , *Ideas Roadshow*, 2016
* Who was Philip Zimbardo?
Olivia Thirlby

**Olivia Jo Thirlby** (born October 6, 1986) is an American actress. She is best known for her roles as Leah in *Juno* (2007), as Natalie in *The Darkest Hour* (2011) and as Judge Cassandra Anderson in *Dredd* (2012).

## References 
## Other websites 
* 
* 
*
Rosa Maria Carrasco i Azemar

**Rosa Maria Carrasco i Azemar** (2 July 1936 &ndash; 6 August 2018) was a Spanish politician. She was born in Barcelona. She was known as one of the founders of the Democrats of Catalonia party.

Carrasco Azemar died in Barcelona from a stroke on 6 August 2018, aged 82.

## References
Dominik Kalata

**Dominik Kalata**, SJ, (19 May 1925 – 23 August 2018) was a Slovakian Roman Catholic prelate. He was a titular bishop of Semta. Kalata was ordained as a Catholic priest on August 12, 1951 and clandestinely as bishop in September 9, 1955.

## References
Rosa Bouglione

**Rosa Bouglione** (née **Van Been**; 21 December 1910 – 26 August 2018) was a French circus performer. She was the matriarch of the Bouglione circus family. Bouglione was born in Ixelles, Belgium to a French family.

Bouglione began performing as a child. She was known for a dance she would do with her father in a cage full of lions.

Bouglione died in Paris on 26 August 2018 at the age of 107.

## References
Kerry Hill

**Kerry Hill** AO (1943– 26 August 2018) was an Australian architect. He was known for his hotel designs in tropical Asia. He was born in Perth, Western Australia. Hill's best known works are State Theatre Centre of Western Australia and the City of Perth Library. Most of his works were also in Perth and Sydney.

Hill died on 26 August 2018 in Perth at the age of 75.

## References
Tony Hiller

**Anthony Toby Hiller** (30 July 1927 – 26 August 2018) was an British songwriter and record producer.  He was best known for writing and/or producing hits for Brotherhood of Man such as "United We Stand" (1970) and "Save Your Kisses for Me" (1976). He was born in London.

Hiller died in London on 26 August 2018 at the age of 91.

## References
## Other websites
*
*Discography
*Discography (2)
Dale M. Cochran

**Dale M. Cochran** (November 20, 1928 – August 27, 2018) was an American politician. He was born in Fort Dodge, Iowa. He was a member of the Iowa House of Representatives from 1965 to 1987. From 1975 to 1978, Cochran was Speaker of the House. 

A Democrat, he as the Iowa Secretary of Agriculture from 1987 to 1998. 

Cochran died in Des Moines, Iowa on August 27, 2018 from stomach cancer at the age of 89.

## References
Mirka Mora

**Mirka Madeleine Mora** (18 March 1928 – 27 August 2018) was a French-born  Australian visual artist and cultural figure. She was born in Paris. Her work led to the creation of contemporary art in Australia. Her media included drawing, painting, sculpture and mosaic.

In 2002 Mora was made an ''Officier de l'Ordre des Arts et des Lettres'' by the French Minister of Culture and Communication.

Mora died, aged 90, in Melbourne on 27 August 2018 from complications of Alzheimer's disease.

## References
## Other websites
* Photos of Mirka Mora by Robert Whitaker 
* Mirka Mora at William Mora Galleries Official Website
Fredd Wayne

on 'The Twilight Zone*, 1961]]
**Fredd Wayne** (October 17, 1924 – August 27, 2018) was an American actor and columnist. He was best known for his role as Benjamin Franklin in *Bewitched*. He was also known for his work as *G.I. Carmen* in the United States Army. Wayne was born in Akron, Ohio.

Wayne wrote articles for *The New York Times*, *Playboy*, and *The Los Angeles Times''. 

Wayne died in Santa Monica, California from a heart attack on August 27, 2018, aged 93.

## References
## Other websites
*
Murray Westgate

**Murray Westgate** (April 16, 1918 – August 27, 2018) was a Canadian actor. He was best known for his longtime role as a television pitchman in Canadian commercials for Esso on *Hockey Night in Canada* in the 1950s and 1960s.

He was also known for his roles in *Blue City Slammers* and for his role in the adaptation of *Two Solitudes*, as the Prime Minister of Canada.

## References
## Other websites
*
John Culver

**John Chester Culver** (August 8, 1932 &ndash; December 26, 2018) was an American politician, writer and lawyer. He represented Iowa in both the United States House of Representatives from 1965 to 1975 and the United States Senate from 1975 to 1981. He was a member of the Democratic Party.

His son was Chet Culver, who was Governor of Iowa from 2007 to 2011.

Culver died on December 26, 2018 in Washington, D.C. at the age of 86.

## References
## Other websites
* The John Culver Papers  are housed at the University of Iowa Special Collections & University Archives.
Josep Fontana

**Josep Fontana i Lázaro** (20 November 1931 &ndash; 28 August 2018) was a Spanish historian. He was born in Barcelona. He taught economic, the role between history, law and economics and contemporary history at the University of Barcelona, the University of Valencia and at the Autonomous University of Barcelona.

Fontana died of heart failure in Barcelona on 28 August 2018 at the age of 86.

## References
Andrew Gillum

**Andrew Demese Gillum** (born July 26, 1979) is an American politician. He has been the Mayor of Tallahassee, Florida from the years 2014 to 2018.

At the age of 23, Gillum became the youngest person ever elected to the Tallahassee City Commission in February 2003.

On August 28, 2018, Gillum won  the Democratic nomination for Governor of Florida when he won the Democratic primary election even though he was losing in the polls. He lost the general election to his Republican opponent Ron DeSantis in the general election.

His campaign for governor has been endorsed by Senator Bernie Sanders.

## References
Garnett, Kansas

**Garnett** is a city in and the county seat of Anderson County, Kansas, United States.  As of the 2020 census, the city population was 3,242.

## References
Randy Bryce

**Randall John Bryce** (born December 9, 1964) is an American ironworker and politician. He was a candidate for Wisconsin's 1st congressional district in the 2018 midterm elections. 

Bryce has been nicknamed *IronStache* because of his career as an ironworker and for his mustache. His campaign has been endorsed by Senator Bernie Sanders prompting his campaign to become popular.

Bryce was originally going to face current Speaker Paul Ryan in the election, but he retired and instead faced and lost to Bryan Steil. 

## References
## Other websites
*
Paula Hawkins

**Paula Hawkins** (born 26 August 1972 in Salisbury, Rhodesia) is a British author. She is known for her best selling novels *The Girl on the Train* and *Into the Water*.
## Biography
Hawkins was born in Salisbury (now Harare, Zimbabwe) in 1972. Hawkins attended Arundel School in Harare and Collingham College in London. She has also worked with *The Times* as a journalist. Her 2015 novel, *The Girl on the Train* was adapted into film by same name featuring Emily Blunt in 2016. Hawkins has also written four romantic fictions under the name *Amy Silver*.

## Bibliography
* *Guerrilla Learning: How to Give Your Kids a Real Education With or Without School* (2001) (Amy Silver) (with co-author Grace Llewellyn) 
* *Confessions of a Reluctant Recessionista* (2009) (Amy Silver) 
* *All I Want for Christmas* (2010) (Amy Silver) 
* *One Minute to Midnight* (2011) (Amy Silver) 
* *The Reunion* (2013) (Amy Silver) 
*  *The Girl on the Train* (2015) (Paula Hawkins) 
*  *Into the Water* (2017) (Paula Hawkins) 

## References
## Other websites
*Official website
*Paula Hawkins on BBC
Colin Trevorrow

**Colin T. Trevorrow** (born September 13, 1976) is an American movie director and screenwriter. He is best known for directing the indie movie *Safety Not Guaranteed* (2012) and the blockbuster movie *Jurassic World* (2015). He also co-wrote the script for *Jurassic World* and its first sequel *Jurassic World: Fallen Kingdom* (2018). He will direct the second sequel *Jurassic World: Dominion* (2022).

Trevorrow was born in San Francisco, California. He grew up in Oakland, California. He has Jewish ancestry on his mother's side. He is married to Isabelle. The couple live with their two children in England.

## References
## Other websites
*
Wallerstein, Bavaria

**Wallerstein** is a municipality and former principality in the district of Donau-Ries in Bavaria in Germany.

## References
Mary Joe Fernández

**Mary Joe Fernández** (born August 19, 1972) is a retired professional tennis player from the United States. Fernández has won three Olympic medals and two Grand Slam women's doubles titles.

## Important finals
### Grand Slam finals
#### Singles: 3 (0 titles, 3 runners-up)
#### Women's doubles: 7 (2 titles, 5 runners-up)
### Olympics
#### Singles: 1 medal (1 bronze medal)
Mary Joe Fernández lost in the semi-finals to Steffi Graf 6–4, 6–2. In 1992, there was no bronze medal play off match, both beaten semi-final players received bronze medals.

#### Doubles: 2 medals (2 gold medals)
### Year-End Championships finals
#### Doubles: 1 (1 title, 0 runners-up)
## WTA Tour Finals
### Singles: 16 (7–9)
### Doubles: 43 (19–24)
|

|}

## Grand Slam performance timeline
### Singles
### Doubles
* NH = tournament not held.
* A = did not participate in the tournament.
* SR = the ratio of the number of Grand Slam tournaments won to the number of those tournaments played.
## References
Gareth Edwards

Sir **Gareth Owen Edwards**  (born 12 July 1947) is a former Welsh rugby union player. He played as a scrum-half. He played for Wales between 1967 and 1978, making 53 appearances. He also played for the British Lions 10 times. He has been called the greatest Welsh rugby player of all time by the BBC. He was also the scorer of the try that has been called "the greatest of all time" for the Barbarians against New Zealand in 1973. 

Edwards was born in Gwaun-Cae-Gurwen, Glamorgan. He is married to Maureen Edwards.

## References
## Other websites
* Gareth Edwards  at ESPN Scrum
Gareth Edwards (director)

**Gareth James Edwards** (born 13 July 1975) is a British movie director, producer, screenwriter and visual effects artist. He is best known for directing the movies *Monsters* (2010), *Godzilla* (2014) and *Rogue One: A Star Wars Story* (2016). He has had small acting roles in *Rogue One* and *Star Wars: The Last Jedi* (2017).

Edwards was born in Nuneaton, Warwickshire, England. His parents are from Wales. 

## References
## Other websites
*
Electronic system

A **electronic system** that is powered by electricity, and it processes information, data, or any raw material from input into a desired output for further usage in life.

# Inputs - Electrical or mechanical sensors, which take signals from the physical world (in the form of temperature, pressure, etc.) and convert them into electric current and voltage signals.
# Signal processing circuits - These consist of electronic components connected together to manipulate, interpret and transform the information contained in the signals.
# Outputs - Actuators or other devices that transform current and voltage signals back into human readable information.
Sriti Jha

**Sriti Jha** (born 26 February 1986) is an Indian television actress. She was born in Begusarai, Bihar.

Jha has worked on television shows including *Jyoti*, *Jiya Jale*, *Dil Se Di Dua... Saubhagyavati Bhava?*, and *Balika Vadhu*. She is currently playing a lead role of Pragya Abhishek Mehra in Zee TV's Kumkum Bhagya.

## References 
## Other websites 
*
*
*
David Owen

**David Owen** (David Anthony Llewellyn Owen, Baron Owen CH PC FRCP, born 2 July 1938) is a British politician and physician.

Owen served as British Foreign Secretary from 1977 to 1979. At 38 he was the youngest person in over forty years to hold the post.

In 1981, Owen was one of the "Gang of Four" who left the Labour Party to found the Social Democratic Party (SDP). Owen led the SDP from 1983 to 1987, and the continuing SDP from 1988 to 1990. He sat in the House of Lords as a crossbencher until March 2014, and now sits as an independent social democrat. Owen is widely regarded as one of the key politicians of the 1970s and 1980s.

## References
J. A. Bayona

**Juan Antonio García Bayona** (born 9 May 1975) is a Spanish movie director. He is best known for directing the movies *The Orphanage* (2007), *The Impossible* (2012), *A Monster Calls* (2016) and *Jurassic World: Fallen Kingdom* (2018). He has also directed two episodes of the television series *Penny Dreadful*.

Bayona was born in Barcelona, Catalonia.

## References
## Other websites
*
Ell & Nikki

**Ell & Nikki** (also known as **Eldar & Nigar**) were an Azerbaijani pop duo consisting of singers Eldar Gasimov and Nigar Jamal. 

On 14 May 2011 they won the Eurovision Song Contest 2011 for Azerbaijan with their entry "Running Scared". It was the country's first (and currently only) win at the contest. 

Although Nigar Jamal represented Azerbaijan, she lives in Enfield, North London.

## Band history 
### Eurovision win 
Both Eldar and Nigar had separately entered the selection contest for Azerbaijan's Eurovision Song Contest entry. They both won and were made into a duo under the name Ell & Nikki. As the contest was taking place in a Western European country, the name change was made to prevent confusion of Jamal's first name being interpreted as a racial slur. 

Their entry, named "Running Scared", was written by Stefan Örn and Sandra Bjurman from Sweden and Iain Farquharson from the UK. The performance included four backing vocalists and singers, including Jessica Marberger and Vera Prada who had earlier in the year attempted to represent Sweden as part of Shirley's Angels.

### After Eurovision 
Following their win, Eldar was one of the presenters of the Eurovision Song Contest 2012. Both of them handed the trophy to 2012's winner Loreen. Eldar was also a judge on the Azerbaijani version of *The Voice*.

In 2014, Nigar was a judge on the Turkish version of *The X Factor*. She lives in the United Kingdom.

## References
Waterloo (ABBA song)

"**Waterloo**" is the first single from the Swedish pop group ABBA's second album, *Waterloo* and their first under the Epic and Atlantic labels. This was also the first single to be credited to the group performing under the name ABBA.

On 6 April 1974 the song was the winning entry for Sweden in the 1974 Eurovision Song Contest. The victory began ABBA's path to worldwide fame. The Swedish version of the single was a double A-side with "Honey, Honey" (Swedish version), while the English version usually featured "Watch Out" on the B-side.

The single became a No.&nbsp;1 hit in several countries. It reached the U.S. Top 10 and went on to sell nearly six million copies, making it one of the best-selling singles of all time.

At the 50th anniversary celebration of the Eurovision Song Contest in 2005, it was chosen as the best song in the competition's history.

## At Eurovision 
The band considered submitting another song to Eurovision, "Hasta Mañana", but decided on "Waterloo" since it gave equal weight to both lead vocalists Agnetha Fältskog and Anni-Frid Lyngstad, while "Hasta Mañana" was sung only by Fältskog.

ABBA performed the song at Melodifestivalen 1974 in February, singing it in Swedish. The song won, and therefore advanced to Eurovision.

The song differed from the standard "dramatic ballad" tradition of the Eurovision Song Contest by its flavour and rhythm, as well as by its performance. ABBA gave the audience something that had more rarely been seen before in Eurovision: flashy costumes (including silver platform boots), plus a catchy uptempo song and even simple choreography. The group also broke from convention by being the first winning entry in a language other than that of their home country; prior to 1973 all Eurovision singers had been required to sing in their country's native tongue, a restriction that was lifted briefly for the contests between 1973 and 1976 contests (thus allowing "Waterloo" to be sung in English), then reinstated before ultimately being removed again in 1999. Compared to later ABBA releases, the singers' Swedish accents are decidedly more pronounced in "Waterloo".

The song won the Eurovision Song Contest 1974 final on 6 April, beating runner-up Gigliola Cinquetti of Italy's entry "Sì" by six points.

## References
Vaxxed

***Vaxxed: From Cover-Up to Catastrophe*** is a 2016 American movie pretending that there was a cover-up by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) of a possible link between the MMR (measles, mumps and rubella) vaccine and autism. 

People were scared that vaccines might cause autism after an English doctor called Andrew Wakefield wrote a scientific article that said that they did. It was a fraud. When the General Medical Council found out, they took away his licence to be a doctor. The Vaxxed film was made by Andrew Wakefield.

Scientists have looked carefully at the MMR vaccine and found that it does not cause autism.

According to *Variety magazine*, the film "purports to investigate the claims of a senior scientist at the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention who revealed that the CDC had allegedly manipulated and destroyed data on an important study about autism and the MMR vaccine". This did not happen.

## References
Good Hope, Alabama

**Good Hope** is a city in Cullman County, Alabama, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population of the city was 2,483.

## References
Technology company

A **technology company** (often **tech company**) is a type of business that focuses primarily on the development and manufacturing of technology, or providing technology as a service. This can include, for example, business relating to digital electronics, software, and internet-related services, such as e-commerce services.

Apple, Hewlett-Packard, IBM, Amazon, Microsoft, Google, Intel, Oracle, and eBay, among others, are considered technology companies.

Many large tech companies are known for innovation, spending large sums of money annually on research and development. According to PwC's 2017 Global Innovation 1000 ranking, tech companies made up nine of the 20 most innovative companies in the world, with the top R&D spender (as measured by expenditure) being Amazon, followed by Alphabet Inc., and then Intel.

Information technology (IT) companies and high tech companies are subsets of technology companies.

## References
Richard D'Oyly Carte

'''Richard D'Oyly Carte''' (3 May 1844 – 3 April 1901) was an English talent agent, theatrical impresario, composer and hotelier during the second half of the Victorian era.

From humble beginnings, Carte built two of London's theatres and a hotel empire. He established an opera company that ran for over a hundred years, and a management agency for some of the most important artists of the day.

He built the Savoy Theatre and helped Gilbert & Sullivan to become famous.
Cassoulet

**Cassoulet** is a casserole made particularly in the south of France. It is called after its traditional cooking vessel, the *cassole*, a deep, round, earthenware pot with slanting sides. The name comes from the Occitan *caçolet* (or *cassolet).* It contains meat (usually pork sausages, goose, duck and sometimes mutton), pork skin (*couennes*) and white beans (haricots blancs). It may be baked with an open or a closed top.

The homeland of cassoulet is the province of Languedoc, especially the towns of Toulouse, Carcassonne, and Castelnaudary. The brotherhood of Cassoulet "La Grande Confrérie du Cassoulet de Castelnaudary" organizes competitions and fairs about Cassoulet.

## References
Pyramids (novel)

**Pyramids** is a fantasy book by Terry Pratchett. It was published in 1989 and it is the seventh book in the Discworld series. It won a British Science Fiction award in 1989.

## Plot
The main character in the story is a young man called Pteppic who is the crown prince of Djelibeybi, a small country similar to Ancient Egypt. Pteppic returns to rule the country after training as an assassin.

## Reception
The Guardian said the books "juggle thoughtful ideas with a compelling structure." The Metro said that it "taught us everything we need to know about religion." 

## References
Denzil Minnan-Wong

**Denzil Minnan-Wong** (; born ) is a Canadian politician. He is a Toronto city councillor. He is the person that  Ward 16, an area of Toronto. He was a chairperson of the Employee and Labour Relations Committee in Toronto's  government and was also the deputy mayor of Toronto. He is also part of the board of the Toronto Transit Commission and the Toronto Hydro.

In 2018, he ran for election in the 2018 Ontario election in Don Valley East. He represented the Progressive Conservative Party of Ontario.

## City politics
Minnan-Wong first got into city politics in 1994. This was when one of the councillors of North York, Barry Burton, died of cancer. The city council made him a temporary councillor. In the 1997 elections, he was elected to the new city council. This was after the amalgamation of Toronto.

In 2011, he supported outsourcing garbage collection. His plan was to outsource garbage collection in the western part of Toronto. This saved the Toronto government $12 million a year. He also supported adding bike lanes to the streets of downtown Toronto. He opposed creating bike lanes before learning how to ride a bike. This created several bike lanes in downtown Toronto. Afterwards, Minnan-Wong helped get Bixi, a bike sharing company, to become operated by the Toronto Parking Authority. This was because Bixi was in debt.

In December 2010, the Toronto City Council put him on the TTC board of directors. He was one of the five people that voted to  Gary Webster in 2012, who was the General Manager of the TTC. After the firing of Webster, the five people were removed from the TTC Board. They were removed because many of the councillors did not agree with Rob Ford. In 2014 he was put back on the TTC board after John Tory was elected as mayor.

After the provincial election, Minnan-Wong ran for councillor again in the 2018 municipal election. He ran in the new Ward 16 Don Valley East. Before the 2018 election, the Government of Ontario made the number of councillors in the Toronto City Council smaller. He defeated a former politician, David Caplan.

In 2014, John Tory made him one of the deputy mayors of Toronto.

## Provincial politics
Minnan-Wong got into  politics for a short amount of time. On 20 January 2018, the Progressive Conservative Party of Ontario  that he would be their  for Don Valley East. In the Ontario election, he did not win and instead was second in amount of votes. The person that beat him was the Liberal politician Michael Coteau.

## Personal life
Minnan-Wong's father is Denzil Minnan-Wong, Sr. Minnan-Wong, Sr. was a Chinese immigrant that became a well-known member of the Progressive Conservative Party. He went to university at Osgoode Hall Law School. After this, he became a lawyer that would deal with immigration problems.

Minnan-Wong lives in Toronto. He is married and has three children.

## References
## Related pages
*