Jeffrey Archer

**Jeffrey Howard Archer, Baron Archer of Weston-super-Mare** (born 15 April 1940) is a British author and politician. He was a member of Parliament, Deputy Chairman of the Conservative Party and since 1992 is a life peer. His political career ended after an indictment for perjury. He is married to Mary Archer, a prominent scientist in solar power.

## Biography 
### Early life 
Jeffrey Howard Archer was born in the City of London Maternity Hospital. When he was two weeks old he and his family moved to the seaside town of Weston-super-Mare, Somerset, where he spent most of his young life. 

At Oxford he was successful in athletics, competing in sprinting and hurdling. He also made a name for himself in raising money for the then little-known charity Oxfam, famously claiming to have obtained the support of The Beatles in a charity fundraising drive (it was actually Pat Davidson of Oxfam). The band accepted the invitation to visit the Senior Common Room of his Brasenose College, where they were photographed with Archer and dons of the college, although they did not play there. It was during this period that he met his future wife, Mary. His parents were John and Mary Archer who gave birth to him in 1940. Jeffery Archer only had one sibling and that was his brother, Thomas Archer who is a renowned politician for the conservative party.

At the age of 29, he was elected as a Member of Parliament (MP) for a Lincolnshire constituency, holding the seat for the Conservative Party in a by-election on 4 December 1969. 

In Parliament, Archer was on the left of the Conservative Party, rebelling against some of his party's policies. He urged free TV licences for the elderly and was against museum charges. Archer voted against restoring the death penalty saying it was barbaric and obscene. 

Archer had to resign because of a scandal in October 1986 when the Sunday newspaper *The News of the World* led on the story "Tory boss Archer pays vice-girl". The article claimed that Archer had paid Monica Coghlan, a prostitute, £2000 through another person at Waterloo Station to go abroad. Unlike the *Daily Star*, the newspaper did not allege that Archer had actually slept with Coghlan. Archer sued the *Daily Star*.

### Perjury and downfall 
Archer had been selected by the Conservative Party as their candidate for the London mayoral election of 2000. He was forced to withdraw from the race when it was revealed that he was facing a charge of perjury.

On 4 February 2000, Archer was expelled from the Conservative Party for five years. On 26 September 2000, he was charged with perjury and perverting the course of justice (obstruction of justice) during the 1987 libel trial.

A few months before the beginning of the perjury trial, Archer began performing in the star role in a courtroom play (which he also wrote) called *The Accused*. The play was staged at London's Theatre Royal Haymarket and concerns the court trial of an alleged murderer from beginning to end. The play used the innovation of assigning the role of jury in the trial to the audience, with theatre-goers voting on whether Archer's character was innocent or guilty at the end of each night's performance. Archer would attend his real trial during the day and be judged in his fictional trial at the theatre in the evening.

The real life trial began on 30 May 2001. On 19 July 2001, Lord Archer was found guilty of perjury. He was sentenced to a total of four years' imprisonment by Mr. Justice Potts. The most ironic aspect of his trial was that he had fabricated the alibi for the wrong date. Archer never spoke during the trial. Ted Francis was found not guilty of perverting the course of justice.

On 21 Julyn2003, he was released on licence, after serving half of his sentence, from HMP Hollesley Bay, Suffolk. 

Many of Lord Archer's friends remained loyal to him.

## Bibliography 
*1975 - *In the Lap of the Gods*
*1976 - *Not a Penny More, Not a Penny Less*
*1977 - *Shall We Tell the President?*
*1979 - *Kane and Abel*
*1980 - *Willy visits the Square World*
*1980 - *A Quiver Full of Arrows* (Short story collection)
*1982 - *The Prodigal Daughter*
*1984 - *First Among Equals*
*1986 - *A Matter of Honour*
*1988 - *A Twist in the Tale* (Short story collection)
*1991 - *As the Crow Flies*
*1993 - *Honour Among Thieves*
*1994 - *Twelve Red Herrings* (Short story collection)
*1996 - *The Fourth Estate*
*1998 - *The Eleventh Commandment*
*2000 - *To Cut A Long Story Short* (Short story collection)
*2002 - *Sons of Fortune*
*2002 - *A Prison Diary*
*2003 - *A Prison Diary Volume 2*
*2004 - *A Prison Diary Volume 3*
*2006 - *False Impression*
*2006 - ''Cat O'Nine Tales* (Short story collection)
*2007 - *The Gospel According to Judas'' (with Francis J. Moloney)

## References 
## Further reading 
*

## Other websites 
*Interview about becoming Mayor of London at BBC News
*Jeffrey Archer's official Web site 
*News In Depth: The Archer trial at BBC News
* "The Times" - "Activists demand tough line on crime - Conservative Party conference" - October 7, 1993.
* Coverage of the Archer trial at *The Guardian*
* Review of Jeffrey Archer's 2000 courtroom play, *The Accused* at Curtain Up
* Anglia shares at BBC News
* Archer in DTI shares inquiry at *The Guardian*
* The webpage for the book 'The Wonga Coup' 
* Real Audio interview with Jeffrey Archer  by Don Swaim at Wired For Books