open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Coolamon (vessel)

, often done when used as a cradle for babies.]]

A **coolamon** is  a carrying vessel used by Indigenous Australians. The word was originally  "guliman", from the Wiradjuri language of central New South Wales.  

It is a shallow dish with curved sides, about  to  long, shaped like a small canoe.

Aboriginal women used coolamons to carry water, fruit, nuts, and even to hold babies. Today, women usually use things like buckets or cans to gather food from the bush. When carrying a coolamon over a long distance, women would balance it on their heads. If they used it to hold a baby, they carried it under their arm. When carrying it on the head, they used a soft ring pad called an *akartne*, made from possum or human hair, grass, or feathers. This pad helped protect and support the coolamon, just like head pads used by women in other traditional cultures worldwide.

The Pintupi people from the Western Desert used a double rope made from hair or plant fibres to carry the coolamon over their shoulders. They also wore smaller coolamons as hats, with twine tied under their chins.

Coolamons were also used to help prepare food, like winnowing grains for bread, heating or cooking food, and even as umbrellas to protect from rain or sun.

## How they are made
, probably used to make a coolamon  at Parramatta, NSW]] 
Coolamons are usually made by men. They are often made from hard wood like mallee. In Central Australia, people often used the bean tree. To make a coolamon, they take a piece of the tree’s outer bark and shape it over a fire to make its curved sides. Deep lines were cut into it using a sharp quartz stone knife. The coolamon had to rest for several days with a stick inside to keep it open and stop it from losing its shape. Sometimes, coolamons were made from a knot or growth on a tree called a "wirree."

Coolamons were often beautifully decorated on the outside with carvings showing tribal symbols and totem designs. They were also used in ceremonies, such as a smoking ceremony, which was believed to clean and purify. People rubbed coolamons regularly with fat, like emu fat, to keep the wood in good condition.

Different Aboriginal groups across Australia have many other names for coolamons. These groups include the Murri, Queensland Aboriginals, people from the Northern Territory, Victoria, Western Australia, and the Dharug or Eora people from the Sydney area. Each group has its own name for the coolamon.

List of other names for a coolamon:
**piti*
**pitchi*
**bindgie*
**bingie*
**binguie*
**tarnuk*
**lijarri*
**urtne*
**yandi*
**gulaman*

## References
Susan Haack

**Susan Haack** (; 23 July 1945 – 10 March 2026) was a British academic and philosopher. She was the Cooper Senior Scholar in Arts and Sciences, professor of philosophy, and professor of law at the University of Miami in Coral Gables, Florida. Haack's works were about logic, the philosophy of language, epistemology, and metaphysics. She was known for her pragmatism writing.

## References
## Other websites
*Susan Haack's CV at the University of Miami
*Interview with Susan Haack by Richard Carrier
*
Joachim Wanke

**Joachim Wanke** (4 May 1941 – 12 March 2026) was a German Roman Catholic prelate. He was the first bishop of the Diocese of Erfurt from 1994 until his retirement in 2012. He was an important prelate for the German Bishops' Conference.

Wanke resigned for health reasons, which was accepted by Pope Benedict XVI, on 1 October 2012. He died on 12 March 2026, at the age of 84 in Erfurt, Germany.

## References
C2H6O

'''''' is the molecular formula of:
* Ethanol
* Dimethyl ether
It is one of the simplest organic molecular formulas to have multiple isomers.
Andrei Socaci

**Andrei Socaci** (19 June 1966 – March 2026) was a Romanian weightlifter. He a silver medal at the 1984 Olympics as a lightweight. He later moved up to the middleweight division and won nine medals at the world and European championships between 1985 and 1992, including the European title in 1991.

Socaci died in March 2026 at the age of 59.

## References 
## Other websites 
* 
*
Enrica Bonaccorti

**Enrica Bonaccorti** (18 November 1949 – 12 March 2026) was an Italian television presenter, actress and singer-songwriter. She was born in Savona, Italy. She was known as one of the main presenters of the variety show  *Non è la Rai* during its first season between 1990 to 1991. She also starred in *Your Vice Is a Locked Room and Only I Have the Key* (1972) as Giovanna and in*The Sensual Man* (1973) as Mariella.

Bonaccorti died of pancreatic cancer on 12 March 2026 in Rome, Italy at the age of 76.

## References
## Other websites
*
Yerin Ha

**Yerin Ha** (; born 16 January 1998) is an Australian actress. She is known for her role as Sophie Beck in the period Netflix drama *Bridgerton* (2026). She also had roles in the Paramount+ television series *Halo* (2022–2024), the Stan miniseries *Bad Behaviour* (2023), the Netflix series *The Survivors* (2025).

Born in Sydney, Australia, her family comes from South Korea. 

## References
## Other websites
*
Konstantin Makovsky

**Konstantin Yegorovich Makovsky** (; (20 June o.c.) 2 July n.c. 1839 – 17 o.c. (30 n.c.) September 1915) was a Russian painter during the Belle Époque. Often he is associated with a group of artists called the "Peredvizhniki (Wanderers)". Many of his historical paintings, show an idealized view of Russian life in the centuries before him. Examples of these paintings are *Beneath the Crown* (1889), which is also known as ''The Russian Bride's Attire* and *Before the Wedding''. He is often considered a representative of Academic art.

## Artworks 

File:A Boyar Wedding Feast (Konstantin Makovsky, 1883) Google Cultural Institute.jpg|A Boyar Wedding Feast
File:Konstantin Makovsky - The Bulgarian martyresses.jpg|The Bulgarian martyresses
File:MakovskiyKE PocelObry.jpg|Kissing Ceremony
File:The Russian Bride's Attire - Konstantin Makovsky.jpg|Beneath the Crown/The Russian Bride's Attire/Before the Wedding
File:Konstantin Makovsky - Escogiendo la novia.jpg|Bride-show
File:Konstantin Makovsky, The Murder of False Dmitry.jpg|The Murder of False Dmitry
File:Konstantin Makovsky - The Toilet of Venus, 1910.jpg|The Toilet of Venus
File:Happy Arcadia by Konstantin Makovsky.jpg|Happy Arcadia
File:Konstantin Makovsky - The Judgment of Paris, 1889.jpg|The Judgement of Paris
File:Konstantin Makovsky-Self-Portrait-1856.jpg|Self-Portrait, 
File:S.L.Stroganova by K.Makovsky (1864).jpg|Portrait of S. L. Stroganova
File:Sergei Stroganov by Konstantin Makovsky.jpg|Portrait of Sergei Stroganov
File:Konstantin Makovsky Nikolay-Muravyov-Amursky 1863.jpg|Portrait of Muraviev-Amursky
File:Alexander II of Russia by K.Makovskiy (1881, GTG).jpg|Tsar Alexander II
Svyatochniye gadaniya by K.Makovskiy (c.1905, Atheism museum).jpg|*Christmastide Divination*. Historic paintings of Russian peasant life made Konstantin Makovsky popular in Russia
MakovskiyKE PtDetHudozhTVER.jpg|*Children of the Artist*, 1882
Makovsky Ophelia.jpg|*Ophelia*
Elizaveta Hlusovici

**Elizaveta Hlusovici** (born 19 March 2007) is a Moldovan cross country skier. She was a flag bearer for Moldova at the 2026 Winter Olympics.

She completed at the 2025 U23 World Ski Championships, and .2025–26 FIS Cross-Country World Cup.

At the 2026 Winter Olympics, she completed at the Women's 10 kilometre freestyle.

## References
Daniela Airoldi Bianchi

**Daniela Airoldi Bianchi** ( Lecco , 7 June 1960 ) is an Italian theatre actress , director , and theatre teacher .

## Life 
She studied at the Teatro Officina in the 1980s. She studied with  Serena Sartori , Eugenio Allegri , Michela Lucenti , Michelle Doffe , Serena Sinigallia and Maria Consagra .

She graduated  from the University of Milan with a thesis on Marcel Proust 's *Recherche.*

*S*ince 1993 she has taught theater at the Civica Scuola Manzoni of the Municipality of Milan.

Over the years he has gained experience in social theatre starting with “Memorie di terra contadina” ( 1997 ) in which the entire town of Olevano di Lomellina was involved in narrating its own history;

In 1998, she organized the project Teatro Officina,   “Cuore di fabbrica”,  for the where the former workers of the large factories of Sesto San Giovann.

She also designed several projects in the outskirts of Milan for the Teatro Officina (Teatro nei cortili in 1992, Imperiferie in 1993).

With the Teatro Officina she was among the first to act for the urban regeneration of the Via Padova area  by starting a collaboration with the Casa della Carità Foundation  (2006 - 2010) .

She is an actress in some shows of the Teatro Officina (Jacopone da Todi  , The scandal of hope (1997), in 2007 she took care of the project for the show "I protesto" brought on stage in Ripalimosani  , she is the interpreter and director of "The faces of poverty" (2011) on the texts of Father David Maria Turoldo  , The distracted life, The death of Ivan Il'ič , My soul magnifies the Lord, Dark face by and with Tommaso Guarino (2017), The word that heals (2018), And let there be peace in the world (2019)  . In 2008 she took care of the screenplay of a documentary film " Milan , life and the dream" produced by the Province of Milan .

## References
National Alliance (Italy)

**National Alliance** (Italian: *Alleanza Nazionale*, AN) was a conservative right-wing political party created in 1995. The party took the place of the neo-fascist party Italian Social Movement. The party dissipated on 22 March 2009 to join with The People of Freedom.

## References
Jung Seong-bin

**Jung Seong-bin**  (born 12 May 2007 in Uijeongbu) is a South Korean footballer.  He plays as a defender for Austrian second division club FC Liefering on loan from Ulsan HD FC.
## Career 
Jung began his career at Yongma Middle School. He moved to the Ulsan Hyundai youth team for the 2023 season. He was promoted to the Ulsan professional squad for the 2025 season. He made his professional debut in February 2025 in the AFC Champions League Elite against Buriram United.

This was to be his only appearance for Ulsan. Jung moved on loan to Austrian second division club FC Liefering in June 2025.  He debuted on 6 March 2026 when he came in in minute 77 for Marcel Moswitzer versus Schwarz-Weiß Bregenz 
## References
List of TV5 stations

The following is a list of television and radio stations owned by and affiliated with the TV5 Network Inc. As of 2025, TV5 has numerous analog and digital television stations across the Philippines, The network has five originating stations (shaded in red), has twenty-one relay stations and the twenty-one planned, translators stations (shaded in dark gray) and two affiliate stations (shaded in dark red).

## TV Stations
### Analog
### Digital
#### Digital affiliate stations
## See also
*List of Nation Broadcasting Corporation stations
*List of Radio Philippines Network affiliate stations
*List of TV5 radio stations
*Media of the Philippines
*List of companies of the Philippines
*Television in the Philippines
*List of radio stations in the Philippines
*Apollo Broadcast Investors
*Mediascape TV stations

## Note
## References
Pseudopaludicola canga

The **canga swamp frog** or **dwarf swamp frog** (*Pseudopaludicola canga*) is a frog.  It lives in Brazil.

## Home
This frog lives in Cerrado and Amazon places. People see it in savanna and other grassy places.  Scientists have seen it  above sea level.

Scientists have seen these frogs in some protected places, for example Área de Proteção Ambiental da Foz do Rio das Preguiças-Pequenos Lencóis - Região Lagunar Adjacente and Floresta Nacional de Carajás.

## Young
Scientists believe the female frog puts eggs in pools of water and that the tadpoles swim in the water.

## Danger
Scientists from the IUCN say this frog is not in danger of dying out. In some places, the frogs are in some danger when human beings change the places where it lives. People make farms, make towns, make places for animals to eat grass, and mine in the ground.

## References
C2H4O2

'''''' is the molecular formula of a chemical compound with two carbon atoms, two oxygen atoms, and one degree of unsaturation:

* Acetic acid, 
* Methyl formate,
Methyl formate

**Methyl formate** is an organic compound with the chemical formula . It is the simplest ester of a carboxylic acid. Methyl formate is used as a chemical precursor to other formic acid derivatives.

## Preparation 
Industrially, methyl formate is made by carbonylation of methanol:
:
A strong base like sodium methoxide is used as a catalyst.

## Sources
CH2O2

Chemical compounds with the formula :
* Formic acid
* Dioxirane

Functional groups and fragments:
* Methylenedioxy
Propyne

**Propyne**, also called **methylacetylene**, is an organic compound. It is a hydrocarbon with the chemical formula . It is one of the simplest alkynes.

## Uses 
Like the closely related chemical acetylene, it can be used as a fuel gas for welding, where it is called methylacetylene-propadiene gas, or MAPP gas when mixed with propane.
C3H4

'''''' is the molecular formula of:
* Propyne or methylacetylene, 
* Propadiene or allene, 
* Cyclopropene
Freedom 250

**Freedom 250** is a program to celebrate the 250th anniversary of American (United States) independence.  It takes place in 2026.  It was designated by the American president Donald J. Trump.  

The program includes a motorcar race in Washington, D.C.  and a UFC (mixed martial arts) program in Washington in June.  Other events include a tall-ships parade in New York and a fireworks display in Washington (both on the Fourth of July).  In the fall, there will be Patriot Games for high-school students from every state, and the opening of the Teddy Roosevelt Library.  Two conservative organizations, PragerU and Hillsdale College, made the museum content. 

Freedom 250 has been criticized by some people.  For example, some historians say a religious scene in a Freedom 250 brochure is not historically correct.   Some Congressional Democrats and other people were worried that the funding of Freedom 250 might lead to corruption.   A prominent combat athlete, Ronda Rousey, and others have criticized the UFC fight. The motorcar race has also been criticized.  For example, some fans did not like the layout of the race course.

Another organization set up to celebrate the 250th anniversary of the founding of the United States is  America250.  It was set up by Congress  ten years earlier.  It is  a bipartisan (having both Republicans and Democrats) commission created by Congress.  According to Anne Sewell, it  "is now being sidelined by Trump’s Freedom 250."
Peeter Simm

**Peeter Simm** (24 February 1953 – 12 March 2026) was an Estonian movie director. He was born in Kiviõli, Estonia. He was known for directing the movies *Georg* (2007) and *On the Water* (2020).

Simm died on 12 March 2026 at the age of 73.

## References
## Other websites
*
Methanediol

**Methanediol**, also called **methylene glycol**, is a chemical compound with the chemical formula . It is the simplest diol.

Methanediol can lose a water molecule to make formaldehyde. In very dilute solutions of formaldehyde in water, methanediol is the main chemical species present. Other species in formaldehyde solution include 1,3,5-trioxane and paraformaldehyde.

## Chemistry 
Methanediol is a very weak acid. Its conjugate base, **methanediolate**, is a byproduct of oxidation of formaldehyde in the presence of strong base.

## Sources
Jane Lapotaire

**Jane Elizabeth Marie Lapotaire** (née **Burgess**; 26 December 1944 – 5 March 2026) was an English actress. She was known for her Broadway stage role as Édith Piaf in the 1978 play *Piaf*. She won a Tony Award for Best Actress in a Play for this role. She also played Princess Alice of Battenberg in two episodes of the third season of Netflix's *The Crown*.

Lapotaire died on 5 March 2026 at the age of 81.

## References
## Other websites
* 
* Jane Lapotaire at Theatricalia
John Young (advisor)

John Young ( 1742 or  – 17 December 1835) was a British sailor and boatswain from Liverpool who became a military advisor to King Kamehameha I in Hawaii. Stranded in 1790 from the ship *Eleanora*, he helped unify the Hawaiian Islands by training warriors in using modern weapons like cannons and muskets. He became a trusted high-ranking advisor to Kamehameha I and assisted in the formation of the Kingdom of Hawaii. He Married Kaʻoanaʻeha, the niece of Kamehameha, and continued to advise successors after the king's death in 1819. He was known locally as "Olohana" He died on December 17, 1835,  his legacy is honored at the Puʻukoholā Heiau National Historic Site.
## References
Ottoman–Persian War (1505–1517)

The **Ottoman–Safavid War of 1514–1517** was a landmark conflict between the Ottoman Empire and Safavid Iran, representing the first major military confrontation between the two rival powers. The war was characterized by the clash between the Ottomans' modern gunpowder-based military and the Safavids' traditional Qizilbash tribal cavalry.

[attachment_0](attachment)

The conflict began following years of Safavid-sponsored Qizilbash uprisings in Anatolia, notably the Shahkulu rebellion. Sultan Selim I (r. 1512–1520), seeking to eliminate the Shia threat on his eastern flank, launched a massive campaign into Azerbaijan. The decisive engagement took place at the **Battle of Chaldiran** on 23 August 1514, where the Ottoman Janissaries and artillery units devastated the Safavid forces. Shah Ismail I was wounded and forced to flee his capital, Tabriz.

Following the victory, the Ottomans systematically annexed the Eastern Anatolian highlands and eliminated the Beylik of Dulkadir in 1515. The war effectively ended the westward expansion of the Safavid state and shifted the geopolitical balance of the Middle East. It allowed Selim I to subsequently launch a campaign against the Mamluk Sultanate, leading to the total conquest of Egypt and Syria by 1517. The borders established during this period became the foundation for the eventual Treaty of Zuhab in 1639.

## References
Garabandal apparitions

, Spain]]
 in Garabandal]]
 in Garabandal in Garabandal]]
The **Garabandal apparitions** are reported appearances of the Virgin Mary and Saint Michael the Archangel that allegedly occurred between 1961 and 1965 in the village of San Sebastián de Garabandal in Cantabria, northern Spain. The visions were reported by four schoolgirls: Conchita González, Mari Cruz González, Jacinta González, and Mari Loli Mazón, who were about 11 or 12 years old at the time. According to the visionaries, they experienced many apparitions during this period, and large numbers of visitors traveled to the village to witness the events.

The first reported event occurred on 18 June 1961, when the girls said they saw Saint Michael the Archangel. The angel was said to appear several times before the first apparition of the Virgin Mary, which reportedly took place on 2 July 1961. The Virgin Mary was described as appearing under the title of Our Lady of Mount Carmel.

During the apparitions the girls often entered states of ecstasy while speaking with the Virgin Mary. Witnesses reported that the girls walked through the village during these states and claimed to converse with the Virgin and the archangel. According to the visionaries, the archangel also gave them Holy Communion on some occasions. One widely discussed event occurred on 19 July 1962, when a communion wafer reportedly appeared in Conchita González’s mouth.

After January 1963, only Conchita González continued to report apparitions regularly. The final apparition was said to have taken place on 13 November 1965.

According to the visionaries, the Virgin Mary delivered two main messages. The first message, announced on 18 October 1961, called for prayer, penance, sacrifice, and devotion to the Eucharist, and warned that humanity could face punishment if it did not change its behavior. The second message, given on 18 June 1965, stated that the first message had not been followed and warned about declining faith and devotion, urging people to repent and return to God.

The visionaries also described several future events connected with the apparitions. These included a global “Warning” in which people would see the state of their own souls, followed by a “Great Miracle” that would occur in Garabandal and leave a permanent sign. They also warned of a possible “Chastisement” if humanity did not change.

The Catholic Church has not officially recognized the Garabandal apparitions as supernatural. Investigations by the bishops of Santander concluded that there was no evidence of supernatural origin for the events. However, the Church has stated that the messages themselves do not contain doctrinal errors, since they encourage prayer, penance, and devotion to the Eucharist.

The apparitions have remained controversial. Some of the visionaries later expressed doubts about the events, and certain predicted signs or events have not occurred. Despite this, Garabandal continues to attract pilgrims and supporters who believe the apparitions were authentic.
Dry Spell (song)

"**Dry Spell**" is a song by the American singer-songwriter Kacey Musgraves. It was released on March 11, 2026, through Lost Highway Records. The song is the lead single from Musgrave's seventh studio album, *Middle of Nowhere* (2026).

In February 2026, Musgraves began showing hints of a new song and possible new album. After finishing the international part of her Deeper Well World Tour, she announced her seventh studio album, *Middle of Nowhere*. "Dry Spell" was released on March 11, as the album's lead single alongside its music video. 

## References
Eastern Anatolia

**Eastern Anatolia** () is a mountainous and high-altitude region located in the easternmost part of Turkey. It is the largest geographical region of the country by area, yet it has the lowest population density due to its rugged terrain and harsh continental climate.

## Geography 
The region is characterized by high mountain ranges, including the Armenian Highlands, and massive volcanic peaks. 
* **Highest Point:** Mount Ararat (5,137 m).
* **Hydrography:** It contains the sources of the Euphrates, Tigris, and Aras rivers. 
* **Lakes:** Lake Van, the largest lake in Turkey, is located here and is known for its soda-rich waters.

## History 
Eastern Anatolia has been a crossroads of civilizations for millennia. 
* **Ancient Period:** The region was the heartland of the Urartu Kingdom (9th–6th century BC).
* **Medieval Period:** It was a site of frequent conflict and cultural exchange between the Byzantine Empire, the Armenian kingdoms, and the Seljuk Empire.
* **Ottoman–Persian Wars:** From the 16th to the 19th centuries, the region was a major battleground between the Ottoman Empire and the Safavid, Afsharid, and Qajar dynasties of Persia, most notably during the Battle of Chaldiran in 1514.

## Climate 
The region experiences a harsh **Continental Climate** with long, snowy winters and short, hot summers. It is the coldest region in Turkey, with temperatures in provinces like Erzurum and Ardahan frequently dropping below −30°C.

## Provinces 
The region is divided into 14 provinces:

## Demographics 
The population of Eastern Anatolia is ethnically diverse, consisting primarily of Kurds, Turks, and Zazas. Historically, the region also had significant Armenian and Assyrian populations until the early 20th century.

## References
Symphony No. 64 (Haydn)

Joseph Haydn's **Symphony No. 64** in A major was written between 1773 and 1775. It is sometimes called ***Tempora mutantur***.  

The symphony is written for two oboes, two horns, and strings. The symphony has four parts, also called movements:

## References 
## Other websites 
*
Qizilbash

The **Qizilbash** (, , lit. "Red Heads") refers to a diverse group of Turkmen militant groups who were the primary military force behind the establishment of the Safavid Empire in the early 16th century. Historically, they were followers of the Safavid order (*Safaviyya*) and were instrumental in the rise of Shah Ismail I.

## Etymology 
The term is derived from the Turkish words *Kızıl* (Red) and *Baş* (Head). This name was given to them because of their distinctive headgear—a red cap with twelve gores (*tark*), representing the Twelve Imams of Shia Islam.

## Origins and Beliefs 
The Qizilbash originated from various Oghuz Turkic tribes residing in Anatolia, Azerbaijan, and the Caucasus. They were spiritually tied to the Safavid Sufi masters in Ardabil. Their ideology was a unique blend of heterodox Shia Islam and traditional Turkic shamanistic elements, characterized by extreme loyalty to the Safavid Shah, whom they viewed as both a temporal leader and a semi-divine spiritual guide (*Murshid-i Kamil*).

### Major Tribes 
The Qizilbash confederation was composed of several powerful tribes, including:
* **Shamlu** and **Rumlu** (mostly from Anatolia)
* **Ustajlu** and **Tekelu**
* **Afshar** and **Qajar**
* **Dhul-Qadr** (from the Beylik of Dulkadir)

## Military and Political Role 
The Qizilbash were the "Sword of the Safavids." They provided the high-speed cavalry that allowed Ismail I to conquer Persia and Iraq.

### Role in the Ottoman–Persian Wars 
The Qizilbash were central to the conflicts with the Ottoman Empire. Many tribes lived within Ottoman territory in Anatolia, leading to internal revolts such as the Shahkulu rebellion (1511). At the Battle of Chaldiran (1514), the Qizilbash cavalry faced Ottoman Janissaries and artillery. Their defeat there highlighted the technological gap between traditional nomadic cavalry and modern gunpowder warfare.

## Internal Conflict and Evolution 
As the Safavid state matured, tensions rose between the Qizilbash tribal leaders and the Persian civil administration. 
* **Civil Wars:** During the reign of Tahmasp I and the early years of Abbas I, rival Qizilbash factions fought for control over the regency.
* **The Reforms of Abbas I:** To curb their power, Shah Abbas I created a new standing army of ghulams (slave-soldiers of Caucasian origin). While the Qizilbash remained a vital part of the military, they lost their monopoly on political power.

## Legacy 
The descendants of the Qizilbash tribes continue to live in modern Iran, Azerbaijan, Turkey (often associated with the Alevi community), and Afghanistan. In Afghanistan, the term "Qizilbash" refers to a specific ethnic group that historically served as administrators and soldiers.

## References 
## See also 
* Safavid dynasty
* Battle of Chaldiran
* Alevism
* Shahkulu Rebellion
Diyarbekir

**Diyarbekir** (, ) is a historical city and province in the southeastern part of modern Turkey. Located on the banks of the Tigris river, it has served as a critical strategic, commercial, and administrative hub for over two millennia. In the 16th century, it was a primary bone of contention between the Ottoman Empire and the Safavid Empire.

## Etymology 
The name literally means "Land of the Bakr" (an Arab tribe that settled in the region in the 7th century). In antiquity, the city was known as **Amida**. Locally and historically, it is also referred to as **Amed**.

## History 
Diyarbekir's history is defined by its massive black basalt walls, which were largely expanded by the Romans and later preserved by various Islamic dynasties.

### Middle Ages 
The city was ruled by several dynasties, including the Hamdanids, Marwanids, and Artuqids. It later became part of the Aq Qoyunlu (White Sheep Turkmen) confederation, serving as one of their major centers.

### Ottoman–Safavid Era 
In the early 16th century, the city was captured by Ismail I of the Safavid Empire. However, the local Sunni population and Kurdish lords eventually grew dissatisfied with Safavid rule.
* **Ottoman Conquest (1515):** Following the Battle of Chaldiran, Sultan Selim I dispatched Bıyıklı Mehmed Pasha to capture the city. With the support of the local inhabitants and the Kurdish scholar Idris-i Bitlisi, the city was annexed to the Ottoman Empire in 1515.
* **Administrative Center:** It became the capital of the Diyarbekir Eyalet, one of the most important administrative divisions of the Ottoman Empire in the east, acting as a military staging ground for further campaigns into Mesopotamia.

## Landmarks 
* **Diyarbekir Walls:** One of the longest and widest defensive walls in the world, second only to the Great Wall of China.
* **Great Mosque of Diyarbakır (Ulu Cami):** Built in 1091, it is considered one of the holiest sites in the region and reflects early Islamic architecture.
* **Hevsel Gardens:** A 700-hectare area of fertile lands near the Tigris, used for agriculture since ancient times.

## Demographics 
Historically, Diyarbekir has been a "melting pot" of ethnicities and religions, including Kurds, Turks, Armenians, and Assyrians/Syriacs. By the late 20th century, the city became a major cultural and political center for the Kurdish population in Turkey.

## References 
## See also 
* Ottoman–Persian War (1514–1517)
* Southeastern Anatolia Region
Symphony No. 69 (Haydn)

Joseph Haydn's **Symphony No. 69** in C major was written around 1775–1776. It is also called the ***Laudon Symphony.***  

The symphony is written for two oboes, two bassoons, two horns, two trumpets, timpani, and strings. The symphony has four parts, also called movements:

## References 
## Other websites 
*
Symphony No. 70 (Haydn)

Joseph Haydn's **Symphony No. 70** in D major was first played on 18 December, 1779.  

The symphony is written for flute, two oboes, bassoon, two horns, two trumpets, timpani, and strings. The symphony has four parts, also called movements:

## References 
## Other websites 
*
Fahd bin Mahmoud al Said

Sayyid **Fahd bin Mahmoud Al-Said** (; 1944 – 12 March 2026) was an Omani politician who was the Deputy Prime Minister for the Council of Ministers from 1979 until his death. 

Said died on 12 March 2026 in Muscat, Oman. 

## References
Beylik of Dulkadir

The **Beylik of Dulkadir** () was one of the frontier principalities (beyliks) established by Turkmen tribes in the wake of the decline of the Sultanate of Rum. Centered in the regions of Elbistan and Maraş, it served as a crucial buffer state between the three greatest powers of the 15th and 16th centuries: the Ottoman Empire, the Mamluk Sultanate, and the Safavid Empire.

## History 
The beylik was founded in 1337 by Zeyneddin Karaca Bey, a member of the Bayat clan of the Oghuz Turks.

### Strategic Importance 
Due to its geographical location in the Taurus Mountains, the Dulkadirids controlled the mountain passes connecting central Anatolia to Syria and Mesopotamia. This made them a frequent target of diplomacy and war. 
* **Mamluk influence:** For much of its early history, the beylik was a vassal of the Mamluk Sultans in Cairo.
* **Ottoman Marriage Alliances:** The Ottomans frequently married Dulkadirid princesses to secure their eastern flank. Notably, **Emine Hatun** (daughter of Nasir-ud-Din Mehmed Bey) married Mehmed I, and **Gülbahar Hatun** (daughter of Alaüddevle Bozkurt Bey) was the mother of Selim I.

### Conflict with the Safavids 
In the early 16th century, the Dulkadirids came into direct conflict with the rising Safavid Empire. In 1507, Shah Ismail I invaded the beylik, defeating Alaüddevle Bozkurt Bey and sacking Maraş and Elbistan, an event that pushed the Dulkadirids closer to the Ottomans.

### Ottoman Conquest (1515–1522) 
During the Ottoman–Persian War (1514–1517), Alaüddevle Bozkurt Bey remained neutral and refused to support Sultan Selim I at the Battle of Chaldiran. 
1. **Battle of Turnadağ (1515):** Angered by this neutrality, Selim I sent Hadim Sinan Pasha to conquer the beylik. The Dulkadirid army was defeated, and Alaüddevle was executed.
2. **Annexation:** The beylik was initially given to Şehsuvaroğlu Ali Bey as an Ottoman vassal, but after his execution in 1522 for suspected treason, the territory was directly incorporated into the empire as the Dulkadir Eyalet.

## Culture and Architecture 
The Dulkadirids were prolific builders. Their architecture is characterized by a blend of Seljuk and Mamluk styles.
* **The Great Mosque of Maraş:** Built in the late 15th century.
* **The Great Mosque of Elbistan:** Notable for its unique dome structure that influenced later Ottoman imperial architecture.

## Rulers 
## References 
## See also 
* Anatolian beyliks
* Battle of Chaldiran
* Eyalet of Dulkadir
Private island

, an infamous private island owned by Jeffrey Epstein]]
A **private island** is an island that is owned entirely by a private citizen or a corporation. This gives the owner large amounts of power over the island, but the local or national government still has authority over it. Sizes of different private islands are very different from each other.

## List of famous island owners 
* Pamela Anderson - Greece in The World, United Arab Emirates
* Nicolas Cage - Leaf Cay, Bahamas
* Larry Ellison - 98% of Lanai, Hawaii
* Jeffrey Epstein - Little Saint James, US Virgin Islands
* Mel Gibson - Mago Island, Fiji
* Steven Spielberg - two islands in the Madeira Archipelago

## See also 
* Desert island

## References
San Marino in the Eurovision Song Contest

San Marino has participated in the Eurovision Song Contest since its debut in .  (SMRTV) is the San Marino broadcaster.

## Participation overview
## Notes
## References
PointCrow

**Eric Morino** (born January 21, 1998), known as **PointCrow** online, is an American YouTuber and Twitch streamer. He is known for videos about video games, most famously *The Legend of Zelda: Breath of the Wild* and *The Legend of Zelda: Tears of the Kingdom*. He has completed several competitions in *Breath of the Wild* and has received fame for offering a $10,000 prize to whoever created a mod that allowed the game to be played in online multiplayer. 

The mod was released on April 4, 2023, and some of Morino's videos playing it were given YouTube copyright strikes by Nintendo shortly after.

## References
Put Your Records On

"**Put Your Records On**" is a song by the English singer Corinne Bailey Rae from her *Corinne Bailey Rae* (2006). Written by Bailey Rae, John Beck, and Steve Chrisanthou, it was the album's second song released in February and early March 2006 in Europe; it was released as the album's lead song in North America. The song spent several weeks on the UK Singles Chart and became her signature tune.

"Put Your Records On" was a commercial success, topping the UK R&B Chart and peaking at number two on the UK Singles Chart. It was nominated for Record of the Year and Song of the Year at the 2007 Grammy Awards. 

## Song information
The opening verse of the song honors "Three Little Birds" by Bob Marley and the Wailers. "Put Your Records On" is a jazz-infused pop-soul R&B ballad.

Produced by Steve Chrisanthou, "Put Your Records On" entered and peaked at number two on the UK Singles Chart on 26 February 2006—for the week ending dated 4 March 2006. It topped the UK Singles Downloads Chart and the UK R&B Singles Chart. In the United States, the single peaked at number 64 on the *Billboard* Hot 100; as of January 2010, the single had sold 945,000 downloads. Despite peaking at number two on the UK Singles Chart, the song became her signature tune.

The song earned a Grammy Award nomination for Song of the Year and Record of the Year in 2007.

## Sources
Lightning McQueen (Cars)

**Lightning McQueen** is a fictional racecar who is the main character in Pixar’s Cars franchise. He is voiced by Owen Wilson.

## Appearances 
* Cars (2006)
* Cars 2 (2011)
* Cars 3 (2017)
Baron of Irrus

The Baron of Irrus is a feudal title connected to a historical land area in County Mayo, Ireland known as Irrus or Erris. The title is not a peerage title but a feudal dignity, a kind of old land‑based title historically linked to local rule and land ownership.

## Name Origin 
Irrus comes from the Irish name Iorras Domhnann, meaning “western promontory” or “peninsula”. This refers to its position on the west coast of Ireland. Over time the Irish name was anglicised to Irrus and today is more commonly known as Erris.

## History 
The region of Irrus has ancient roots as a Gaelic territory before the English administrative system was extended into west Ireland. During the Tudor and Stuart period of English rule in Ireland, baronies like Irrus were used as administrative units. The English Crown recognised local leaders with feudal barony titles in these regions.

The title Baron of Irrus dates back to at least 1585, when it was recognised in connection with the area around Erris. Later, King James I of England formally granted the lands and dignity associated with the Barony around 1605.

Historically, individuals who held the title were responsible for local governance and land management under the Crown’s authority. Over the centuries, feudal systems like this declined and many baronies ceased to have legal or governmental power.

## Modern Usage 
Today the title still exists as a feudal dignity separated from its land. It can be held and passed on like an inherited land title, but it does not grant legal nobility in either the United Kingdom or Ireland.

As of recent records, Louis Allan Barratt holds the title of Baron of Irrus. He has been associated with efforts to promote the heritage of the Barrett/ Barratt clan, historically linked to the region through Norman settlement in Ireland.

## See Also 
* Doolough
* County Mayo
Made in Korea (movie)

***Made in Korea*** is a 2026 Indian-South Korean drama movie written and directed by Ra. Karthik. Produced under Rise East Entertainment, it stars Priyanka Mohan, Park Hye-Jin and Si-hun Baek. The movie premiered on Netflix on 12 March 2026.

## Cast 
* Priyanka Mohan as Shenba
** Riya Manoj as Young Shenbagam
* Park Hye-jin as Yeon-ok
* Si-hun Baek as Heo Jun-jae
* Rishikanth as Mani, Shenbagam's love interest
* Ha-Ram Jo as Sung-hun
* Jae-hyeon Jang as Min-seok
* Sori Kim as Hansol
* Rok Kim as Woo-jin
* Min-Seok Jung as Hong Soo-hwan
* Thirunavukkarasu
* Jenson Dhivakar
* Jaya

## Production 
The movie was officially commissioned by Netflix, with Ra. Karthik serving as writer and director, while Rise East Entertainment managed the production. Priyanka Mohan and Park Hye-jin were cast as the leads. Principal photography of the movie concluded in 2025.

## Music 
The music for Made in Korea is composed by Hesham Abdul Wahab, Dharan Kumar and Simon K. King.

## Release 
The teaser was revealed on 3 February 2026. The trailer of the movie was released on 5 March 2026. The movie was made available to stream exclusively on Netflix on 12 March 2026.

## Reception 
Yashaswini Sri  of *The Indian Express* gave the movie 3/5 stars. Chandu Shanigarapu of Hindustan Times rated the film 3.5/5 stars. S. Poorvaja for *The Hindu* reviewed the movie.

## Notes 
## Other websites 
* 
* 
 
## References
Symphony No. 74 (Haydn)

Joseph Haydn's **Symphony No. 74** in E-flat major was written in 1780 or 1781.  

The symphony is written for flute, two oboes, bassoon, two horns, and strings. The symphony has four parts, also called movements:

## References 
## Other websites 
*
Habermehl Rock

**Habermehl Rock** (, ) is a rock off the north coast of Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. The area was visited by early 1800s by seal hunters.

The rock is named after Erasmus Habermehl, a Bohemian science tool maker who created an early version of the theodolite.

## Notes
Wonsan Tram

**Wonsan Tram** () is a tourist tram system in Wonsan, North Korea . The line was opened in 2025. It is a single-track tramway that is 8.5 kilometers long.

## Overview 
According to North Korean media, the construction of a 1,000 mm gauge line was started in 2019 and said that it will be completed in November 2020, however, it was postponed because of the COVID-19 pandemic.Work on overpasses was again started in 2023 and was finished in 2024 and was opened in June 26 2025.

The tram line was put into service in late June 2025 at the Wonsan Kalma Coastal Tourist Area on North Korea’s east coast. The line is served by a fleet of three summer trams. The trams was designed without doors and windows. There are two ordinary trams with three double-leaf doors.

The four-axle single-car tramcars were created in 2020–2021 at the Kim Chong-t'ae Electric Locomotive Works in Pyongyang.

## Rolling stock 
The five trams for the Wonsan tram line are locally built trams that are designed for tourist use. They were created by the Kim Chong-t'ae Electric Locomotive Works. Three of the trams are half open on the sides to allow for clear views of the Wonsan-Kalma resort.

## See also 
* Wonsan
* Pyongyang Metro

## References
Pyongyang International Airport

**Pyongyang Sunan International Airport** ()  is the airport serving the North Korean capital, Pyongyang. The airport is located 24 km from the city centre.

Sunan Airport has two runways. The longer runway (01-19) is used primarily for international flights. The shorter runway (17-35) is used by the North Korean Air Force and for domestic flights. The airport is open daily from 6:00 AM to 10:00 PM in summer and from 7:00 AM to 9:00 PM in winter.

## Airport facilities 
The airport offers parking, a duty-free shop, a passenger lounge, a taxi stand , a bank, and souvenir shops. There is also a left-luggage office, open from 8:00 AM to 9:00 PM, where luggage can be stored for 1,500 Korean won (approximately €1.20). The airport restaurant, bar, and bank are open from 9:00 AM to 6:00 PM.

## Airlines and destinations 
## Gallery 

File:North Korea-Pyongyang-Sunan International Airport-02.jpg|Pyongyang Sunan Airport old terminal
File:PYONGYANG SUNAN AIRPORT DEPARTURE AREA DPRK NORTH KOREA OCT 2012 (8639780443).jpg|Pyongyang Sunan Airport Departure Area
File:SHOP AT SUNAN AIRPORT PYONGYANG DPR KOREA OCT 2012 (8272524912).jpg|Duty free shop in Pyongyang Airport
File:PYONGYANG SUNAN AIRPORT DPRK NORTH KOREA OCT 2012 (8644286250).jpg|Planes parked in Pyongyang International Airport

## Reference
Wurundjeri

The** Wurundjeri** are one of over 30 Indigenous Australian peoples from Victoria, Australia. They live in the Yarra Valley area that now includes the city of Melbourne. The word *Wurundjeri* is made from two words from their  *Woiwurrung* language. *Wurun* means Manna Gum (Eucalyptus viminalis) and *djeri*, is the witchetty grub that lives on or near the tree. The Wurundjeri are the "Witchetty Grub" or "Manna Gum" people. There were many clans who spoke the Woiwurrung language, and these are collectively known as the Wurundjeri.

## References
Rape of males

In most cases, the victims of rape and other sexual violence are women and girls. However, in some cases, the victims are male. Historically, rape has only been seen as a crime where the victims are female. This is still the case in some parts of the world. In many parts of the world, the **rape of males** is also a crime, much like the rape of females. There has been more discussion than in the past.

Males are far less likely to report sexual abuse than females. Rape of males is still considered a taboo subject in society and male victims tend to deny their victimization. Community and service providers often react differently to male victims based on their sexual orientation and the sex of their perpetrators.

It may be difficult for male victims to report a sexual assault they experienced, especially in a society with a strong masculine custom. They might be afraid that people will doubt their sexual orientation and label them homosexual, which is often the case when they were raped by another man. They may also think that that they may be seen as un-masculine because they were a victim. For this reason, many statistics underestimate how many males are raped. Most of the time, male victims try to hide and deny their victimization, similar to female victims, unless they have serious physical injuries. Eventually, the male victims may be very vague in explaining their injuries when they are seeking medical or mental health services.
Vivere

***Vivere*** (*Living*) is a 2019 Italian drama movie directed by Francesca Archibugi and starring Micaela Ramazzotti, Adriano Giannini, Massimo Ghini, Marcello Fonte, Róisín O'Donovan, Andrea Calligari, Elisa Miccoli, Valentina Cervi, and Enrico Montesano. It was distributed by 01 Distribution.

## References
## Other websites
*
Dark galaxy

A **dark galaxy** are hypothetical galaxies that is made up with dark matter but with almost no stars. They have this name because they have no visible stars but may be detectable if they have a huge amount of gas. Dark galaxies are different from intergalactic gas clouds. Distinguishing between intergalactic gas clouds and dark galaxies is difficult. The best candidate dark galaxies as of 2025 include HI1225+01, AGC229385, AC G185.0-11.5 and others. 

## Size 
The actual size of dark galaxies is not known because they cannot be seen with normal telescopes. Some estimations say that these dark galaxies are double the size of Milky Way to the size of a small quasar.

## Structure 
Dark galaxies are theoretically composed of dark matter, hydrogen and cosmic dust. Some scientist support the idea that dark galaxies could contain stars. But the exact composition of dark galaxies remains not known. Some astronomers believe that the mass of the gas in the dark galaxies is approximately one billion solar masses.

## Possible dark galaxies 
### FAST J0139+4328 
Located 94 million light years away from Earth, this galaxy is visible in radio waves in tiny amount of visible light. 

## Related pages 
* Dark matter

## References
Orthocarbonic acid

**Orthocarbonic acid** is a chemical compound with the chemical formula . It is also called **methanetetrol**. Orthocarbonic acid is a very unstable compound that normally breaks apart into carbonic acid and water. While derivatives of orthocarbonic acid have been known since the 1864 discovery of ethyl orthocarbonate, the parent compound was only prepared in 2025.

## Sources
Pseudopaludicola murundu

The **long-legged swamp froglet** (*Pseudopaludicola murundu*) is a frog.  It lives in Brazil.

## Home
This frog lives in Cerrado and Atlantic forest places. Scientists have seen it  above sea level. The male frogs call from smallhills near shallow bodies of water where the water moves slowly. These hills are called murundus.

Scientists have seen these frogs in some protected places, for example Área de Proteção Ambiental Morro da Pedreira, Área de Proteção Ambiental Piracicaba Juqueri Mirím Área I, Área de Proteção Ambiental Sul RMBH, Área de Proteção Especial Ouro Preto/Mariana, and RPPN Luiz Carlos Jurovsk Tamassia.

## Young
The tadpoles swim at night.

## Danger
Scientists from the IUCN say this frog is not in danger of dying out. In some places, the frogs are in some danger when human beings change the places where it lives to make farms, make towns, and make places for cows to eat grass. Also, the farms can make some of the ground wash away into streams.

## First paper
*

## References
C3H8O

'''''' is the molecular formula of:
* Propanols:
** 1-Propanol
** Isopropyl alcohol
* Ethyl methyl ether