open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Isaac Isaacs

**Sir Isaac Alfred Isaacs**  (6 June 1855 &ndash; 11 February 1948) was an Australian judge and politician. He served as the Chief Justice of Australia from 2 April 1930 until 21 January 1931. He also served as the 9th, and first Australian-born, Governor-General from 21 January 1931 until 23 January 1936.

Isaacs was born in Melbourne, Victoria. His parents, German-born Alfred Isaacs and English-born Rebecca Abrahams, were Jewish immigrants. He was married to Deborah "Daisy" Jacobs () from 1888 until Isaacs' death. He had two daughters. He was strongly against Zionism.

Isaacs died after an illness on 11 February 1948 in South Yarra, Melbourne, aged 92. He was given a state funeral and was buried in the Melbourne General Cemetery after a synagogue service.

## References
## Other websites
* Australian Dictionary of Biography: Isaac Alfred Isaacs
Homa Rousta

**Homa Rousta** (&lrm;; 26 September 1946 &ndash; 26 September 2015) is an Iranian actress. She was best known for her roles in the movies *Report on a Murder* (1986), *The Little Bird of Happiness* (1987), *Travellers* (1991) and *From Karkheh to Rhine* (1992).

Rousta was born in Tehran. She graduated in theatre from the School of Dramatic Arts in Bucharest, Hungary. She was the widow of stage director Hamid Samandarian.

Rousta died from cancer on her 69th birthday (26 September 2015) in Los Angeles, California, United States.

## References
## Other websites
*
Quantico (TV series)

***Quantico*** is an American drama-thriller television series It was created and produced by Joshua Safran and Mark Gordon. The program premiered on ABC on  September 27, 2015 at 10:00 pm EDT. It concerns a group of young Federal Bureau of Investigation recruits, who are training at the FBI Training Academy in Quantico, Virginia.

The series stars Aunjanue Ellis as Miranda Shaw, the Assistant Director of the FBI Academy. Josh Hopkins plays her , FBI Special Agent Liam O'Connor. The series' protagonist (main ) is Alex Parrish (Priyanka Chopra), an FBI trainee who has an affair with another recruit. Jake McLaughlin, Tate Ellington, Graham Rogers, Johanna Braddy, Yasmine Al Masri, and Anabelle Acosta co-star as FBI recruits.

## References 
## Other websites 
* 
*
Syed Ahmed (politician)

**Syed Ahmed** (March 6, 1945 - September 27, 2015) was an Indian politician, author and a member of the Congress Party. He was sworn in as the sixteenth Governor of Manipur on May 16, 2015, but only served four months before dying of cancer in office on September 27.

## References
Manuel Oltra

**Manuel Oltra i Ferrer** (8 February 1922 &ndash; 26 September 2015) was a Spanish composer. He was known for composing music about harmony and counterpoint music. He led the Conservatorio Superior Municipal de Barcelona from 1959 until its disestablishment in 1987. Oltra was born in Valencia, Spain.

Oltra died of pneumonia in Barcelona, Spain at the age of 93.

## References
## Other websites
* Biography
2014 FIFA World Cup Group A

**Group A** of the **2014 FIFA World Cup** consisted of Brazil, Croatia, Mexico and Cameroon. Play began on 12 June and ended on 23 June 2014.

## Teams
;Notes

## Standings
*Brazil advanced to play Chile (runner-up of Group B) in the round of 16.
*Mexico advanced to play Netherlands (winner of Group B) in the round of 16.

## Matches
### Brazil vs Croatia
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### Mexico vs Cameroon
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### Brazil vs Mexico 
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### Cameroon vs Croatia 
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### Cameroon vs Brazil 
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### Croatia vs Mexico 
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Brian T. Delaney

**Brian Thomas Delaney** (born November 17, 1976) is an American actor, singer, voice artist, and comedian.

## Early life
Delaney was born **Brian Thomas Delaney** in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania on November 17, 1976.

## Filmography
### Live-action
### Film
### Television
### Video games
## References
## Other websites
*
Nordic model

The **Nordic model** (or **Nordic capitalism** or **Nordic social democracy**) is the economic and social policies common to the Nordic countries (Denmark, Finland, Norway, Iceland, Greenland, Faroe Islands and Sweden).

This includes a combination of free market capitalism with a comprehensive welfare state and collective bargaining at the national level.

## References
Workplace democracy

**Workplace democracy** is a form of democracy in all its forms (including voting systems, debates, democratic structuring, due process, adversarial process, systems of appeal) to the .

## References
Tuition payments

**Tuition payments**, usually known as **tuition** in American English and as **tuition fees** in Commonwealth English, are fees charged for students looking for a higher education.

Tuition payments are charged by colleges and universities include costs for lab equipment, computer systems, libraries, facility upkeep and to provide a comfortable student learning experience. 

## References
Peter Kelamis

**Peter Kelamis** (born December 11, 1967) is an Australian-born-Canadian actor, voice actor, comedian and impressionist. He was born in Sydney, Australia and raised in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. He is best known for playing Dr. Adam Brody in *Stargate Universe*, Goku in the Ocean Group English dub of the animated series *Dragon Ball Z* and Rolf from *Ed, Edd n Eddy*.

## Personal life
Kelamis has been married to Canadian actress Alannah Stewartt since 2004 and they currently reside in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.

## Filmography
### Film and television
### Video games
## References
Politico

***Politico*** is a political journalism organization based in Arlington County, Virginia, that covers the issues, ideas and personalities behind politics and policy in the United States and in the global arena. It focuses on politicians, scandals, presidential candidates, elections, and foreign policies.

Politico was established in 2007.

## References
## Other websites
*
Offa's Dyke

, showing the line of Offa's Dyke (red)]]

 in the Welsh Marches]]

'''Offa's Dyke'* (Welsh: *Clawdd Offa*) is a large  that roughly follows the current border between England and Wales. 

The structure is named after Offa, the 8th century king of Mercia. He is believed to have ordered its construction. Its original purpose is not known for sure. It followed the border between Anglian Mercia and the Welsh kingdom of Powys. The dyke was up to 65 feet (20 m) wide (including its flanking ditch) and 8 feet (2.4 m) high. It ran over low ground, hills and rivers. Today the earthwork is protected as a scheduled monument. 

*'Offa's Dyke Path''' is a 177 mile (283 km) footpath which runs between Prestatyn in the north (Liverpool Bay) and Sedbury, near Chepstow (the Severn Estuary) in the south. This is from north of Offa's Dyke to south of it, and runs near the dyke in its central part. It is also thought to be constructed under the orders of Offa. It is a British National Trail.

Some sections of the dyke are defined as Sites of Special Scientific Interest, and Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty.  Most of the line of Offa's Dyke is designated as a Public Right of Way, including those sections which form part of the Offa's Dyke Path.

In August 2013, a  section of the dyke, between Chirk and Llangollen, was destroyed by a local landowner. The destruction of the dyke to build a stables was said to be like "driving a road through Stonehenge".

## References
Trans-Pacific Partnership

The **Trans-Pacific Partnership** (**TPP**) is a proposed free trade agreement drafted 5 October 2015 between several Pacific Rim countries. It is about many different matters of economic policy. Among other things, the TPP seeks to lower trade barriers such as tariffs, establish a common framework for intellectual property, enforce standards for labour law and environmental law, and establish an investor-state dispute settlement mechanism.

## References
The Hill (newspaper)

***The Hill***  is an American political newspaper published in Washington, D.C. since 1994. It is owned by News Communications, Inc., which is owned by *Capitol Hill Publishing*, Chairman James A. Finkelstein.

It focuses on the intersection of politics, policy, business and international relations, The Hill coverage includes Congress, the White House and federal campaigns.

## References
Claudio Baggini

**Claudio Baggini** (1 August 1936 &ndash; 25 September 2015) was an Italian Roman Catholic bishop.

Baggini was born in Rome. He was became a priest on 14 June 1959. He served as the Bishop of Vigevano from 18 March 2000, until 12 March 2011. He resigned.

Baggini died on 25 September 2015, in Lodi at the age of 79.

## References
Andrzej Duda

**Andrzej Sebastian Duda** (born 16 May 1972) is a Polish politician and lawyer. From 6 August 2015 to 6 August 2025, he was the President of Poland. He has a PhD in law. From 2006 to 2007, he was a secretary of state in the Ministry of Justice. From 2008 to 2010, Duda was secretary of state in the Office of President of Poland, Lech Kaczyński. He was also a member of the European Parliament.

In the 2020 election, Duda was re-elected with 51% of the vote.
## Biography
Duda is the son of Jan Tadeusz Duda and Janina Milewska, both professors at the AGH University of Krakow. In 1994, he married Agata Kornhauser, a German professor and daughter of the poet and writer Julian Kornhauser. The couple has one daughter, Kinga, born in 1995. 

He studied law at the Jagiellonian University. In October 2001, he was appointed assistant professor at the Administrative Department of the Jagiellonian University, earning a doctorate in law from the same university four years later.

## References
The Boston Globe

***The Boston Globe*** is an American daily newspaper based in Boston, Massachusetts.  Founded in 1872 by Charles H. Taylor, it was privately held until 1973. The *Boston Globe* has been awarded 23 Pulitzer Prizes since 1966, and its chief print rival is the *Boston Herald*. In 2002, they exposed the massive child abuse cover-up by the Roman Catholic Church.

## References
Washington Examiner

***The Washington Examiner*** is a political journalism publication based in Washington, D.C., is a weekly magazine. The local newspaper ceased publication on June 14, 2013, and its content began to focus exclusively on national politics, switching its print edition from a daily newspaper to a weekly magazine format.

## References
Single-payer healthcare

**Single-payer health care** is a system in which the government, rather than private insurers, pays for all healthcare costs.  Single-payer systems may contract for healthcare services from private organizations. The actual funding of a "single payer" system comes from all or a portion of the covered population. Although the fund holder is usually the state, some forms of single-payer use a mixed public-private system. This is practiced in Canada, the United Kingdom, Estonia and many other countries

## References
LA Law Library

**LA Law Library** is the second largest public law library in the United States behind the Law Library of Congress. It has about 1 million print volumes or equivalents, including information in their databases, journals, and gazettes.

The library is now located at 301 W 1st St in downtown Los Angeles.

## History 
It was started in 1891 by local attorneys.
For its first 60 years, it was located in the courthouse on Hill Street. Later, they built the current building. It took from 1951-1953 to finish it.
An addition was built in 1969-1970.

## Other websites 
* 
*
Frank Tyson

**Frank Holmes Tyson** (6 June 1930 &ndash; 27 September 2015) was an English cricketer and journalist. In the 1950s, he played 17 Test matches, taking 76 wickets at an outstanding bowling average of 18.56. He was a fast bowler and was given the nickname "Typhoon Tyson" for his speed.

Tyson was born in Farnworth, Lancashire. In 1960, he moved to Australia and became a journalist. He was married to Ursula and had three children.

Tyson died on 27 September 2015 on the Gold Coast in Queensland. He was 85.

## References
## Other websites
* Player profile: Frank Tyson from ESPNcricinfo
* Player profile: Frank Tyson from CricketArchive
Siegfried Gottwald

**Siegfried Johannes Gottwald** (30 March 1943 &ndash; 20 September 2015) was a German mathematician, logician and historian of science. For his work to set theory, he became well known. He taught at the Leipzig University from 1972 to his retirement in 2008. He wrote seven published books between 1973 and 2001.

Gottwald was born in Limbach, Saxony. He studied mathematics at the Leipzig University from 1961 to 1966. He was married with three children.

Gottwald died on 20 September 2015 at the age of 72.

## References
Ton van de Ven

**Antonius Hendrikus Maria** "**Ton**" **van de Ven** (1 January 1944 &ndash; 16 September 2015) was a Dutch industrial designer. He was best known for being the creative director at the Efteling theme park in Kaatsheuvel. He designed many things at the theme park between the mid-1970s and early 2000s, including ten rides.

Van de Ven was born in Eindhoven, North Brabant. He was married and had three children.

Van de Ven died from a cerebral hemorrhage on 16 September 2015 in Tilburg. He was 71.

## References
Wilton Felder

**Wilton Lewis Felder** (August 31, 1940 &ndash; September 27, 2015) was an American jazz musician. He played the saxophone and bass. He is best known as a founding member of The Jazz Crusaders, later known as The Crusaders. He was born in Houston, Texas.

Felder died of multiple myeloma on September 27, 2015 in Whittier, California. He was 75.

## References
## Other websites
*
Sleepless in Seattle

***Sleepless in Seattle*** is a 1993 American romantic comedy movie. It stars Tom Hanks and Meg Ryan and was directed by Nora Ephron and produced by Gary Foster. After his mother has died, a young boy calls a radio station and asks for help finding a new partner for father. A woman who is about to be married hears the story and becomes very interested. *Sleepless in Seattle* was released on June 25, 1993.

The movie got positive reviews from critics. It has a 72% rating on Rotten Tomatoes. *Sleepless in Seattle* was nominated for two Academy Awards at the 66th Academy Awards in the categories of Best Original Screenplay and Best Original Song but did not win in either. At the 51st Golden Globe Awards, the movie was nominated for Best Film - Musical or Comedy. Tom Hanks was nominated for Best Actor - Musical or Comedy and Meg Ryan was nominated for Best Actress - Musical or Comedy.

## Cast 
* Tom Hanks as Sam Baldwin
* Meg Ryan as Annie Reed
* Bill Pullman as Walter
* Ross Malinger as Jonah Baldwin
* Rosie O'Donnell as Becky
* Gaby Hoffmann as Jessica
* Victor Garber as Greg
* Rita Wilson as Suzy
* Barbara Garrick as Victoria
* Carey Lowell as Maggie Baldwin
* David Hyde Pierce as Dennis Reed
* Dana Ivey as Claire Bennett
* Rob Reiner as Jay
* Kevin O'Morrison as Cliff Reed
* Caroline Aaron as Dr. Marcia Fieldstone

## References
## Other websites
*
John Sergeant Cram

**John Sergeant Cram, Sr.** (1852-1936) was the Head of the New York Public Service Commission.

## Biography
Cram was born in 1852 in New York to Henry A. Cram and Catherine Sergeant. He attended the St. Paul School in Concord, New Hampshire and then Harvard University. He was appointed as the head of the New York Public Service Commission by Charles Seymour Whitman from 1911 to 1916. In 1916 he was replaced by Travis H. Whitney.

## References
Britt Allcroft

**Britt Allcroft** (born **Hilary Mary Allcroft**; 14 December 1943 – 25 December 2024) was an English writer, producer, director, and voice actress. She was best known for making the children's TV series *Thomas & Friends* which was based off Reverend Wilbert Awdry's *The Railway Series*. Allcroft also created the children's TV series *Magic Adventures of Mumfie*.

Allcroft died in Los Angeles, California on 25 December 2024, at the age of 81.

## References
The Eleventh Commandment (Ronald Reagan)

The **Eleventh Commandment** was a phrase used by President of the United States Ronald Reagan during his 1966 campaign for Governor of California. The Commandment reads: 
:Thou shalt not speak ill of any fellow Republican. 

Reagan followed this "commandment" during the first five primaries during the 1976 Republican primary against incumbent Gerald Ford, all of which he lost.

## References
Ignacio Zoco

**Ignacio Zoco Esparza** (31 July 1939 – 28 September 2015) was a Spanish footballer. He played as a defensive midfielder. He played 12 years of his professional career with Real Madrid, appearing in more than 400 official games and winning ten major titles.

Zoco played more than 20 times with Spain, representing the nation in one World Cup and one European Championship, winning the 1964 European Nations' Cup.

Zoco died in Madrid on 28 September 2015, after a long illness. He was 76 years old.

## Career statistics
## Honours
**Real Madrid**
*La Liga: 1962–63, 1963–64, 1964–65, 1966–67, 1967–68, 1968–69, 1971–72
*Copa del Generalísimo: 1969–70, 1973–74; Runner-up 1967–68

## References
Movius Line

The **Movius Line** is a theoretical line drawn across northern India. This idea was proposed by the American archaeologist Hallam L. Movius in 1948 to show a technological difference between the early prehistoric tool technologies of Africa, Asia, and Europe.

Movius noticed that the Palaeolithic stone tools from sites east of northern India never contained handaxes. They had less formal implements known as chopping tools. These were sometimes as extensively worked as the Acheulean tools from further west, but could not be described as true handaxes. 

Movius drew a line on a map of India to show where this difference occurred, dividing the tools of Africa, Europe and Western and Southern Asia from those of Eastern and South-eastern Asia.

Fossil evidence also suggests a difference in the evolutionary development of the people who made the two different tool types across the Movius Line. Scientists still do not know why this difference occurred. Scholars still use the idea of the Movius Line to describe that difference.

## References
Frank Martinus Arion

**Frank Martinus Arion** (born **Frank Efraim Martinus**; 17 December 1936 &ndash; 28 September 2015) was a Curaçaoan author, poet, and linguist. He wrote over ten books in Dutch and Papiamento. His best known works were *Dubbelspel*, *Afscheid van de koningin*, *Nobele wilden*, *De laatste vrijheid* and *De deserteurs*. He also worked in Netherlands and Suriname. He was born in Curaçao.

Arion died on 28 September 2015 in Curaçao, aged 78.

## References
Lincoln County, South Dakota

**Lincoln County** is a county in the U.S. state of South Dakota. As of the 2020 census, the population was 65,161. This makes it the third-most populated county in the state. Its county seat is Canton. 
The first resident of the area was A. I. Linderman in 1866. He was the only resident until the summer of 1867. The county was named for Abraham Lincoln, 16th President of the United States.

## References
Kallen Pokkudan

**Kallen Pokkudan** (; 1937 &ndash; 27 September 2015), also known as **Kandal Pokkudan**, was an Indian environmental activist and writer. He was best known for helping to protect mangrove forests in Kerala from 1989 until his death. He also wrote several books even his basic literacy, including to autobiographies.

Pokkudan was born in Ezhom Moola, Idukkil Thara, Kannur. He had six children, three sons and three daughters.

Pokkudan died after an illness on 27 September 2015 in Cherukunnu, Kannur. He was 78.

## References
## Other websites
*
Michael Burgess (singer)

**Michael Burgess** (July 22, 1945 &ndash; September 28, 2015) was a Canadian actor and singer (tenor). He was best known for his portrayal of Jean Valjean in the Toronto production of *Les Misérables*. In 2013, he was made a Member of the Order of Ontario.

Burgess was born in Regina, Saskatchewan. He grew up in Toronto, Ontario. He studied at the University of Ottawa. He married fellow *Les Misérables* performer Susan Gilmour on October 8, 1994.

Burgess died from cancer on September 28, 2015 in Toronto, aged 70.

## References
## Other websites
*
Pushback

In aviation, **pushback** is an airport procedure in which an aircraft is pushed backwards from an airport gate by external power. Pushbacks are carried out by special, vehicles called *pushback tractors* or *tugs*.
Robin Hood Airport Doncaster Sheffield

**Robin Hood Airport Doncaster Sheffield** (IATA: **DSA** ICAO: **EGCN**) is an international airport. It is located at the old RAF Finningley station, in the Metropolitan Borough of Doncaster in South Yorkshire, England.

## References 
## Other websites 
*Robin Hood Airport official website
Kendall Gill

**Kendall Gill** is a retired American basketball player. He is now a basketball television analyst.

Gill was chosen in the 1990 NBA Draft by the Charlotte Hornets. He played in the NBA for 15 years.

## References
Stacey Augmon

**Stacey Augmon** (born August 1, 1968) is a retired American basketball player. Augmon had the nickname "Plastic Man" due to his athletic ability to "stretch".

## College
Augmon played college basketball for four years at UNLV. He won the 1990 NCAA Championship with them. Augmon was the first three-time winner of the NABC Defensive Player of the Year, winning the award in 1989, 1990, and 1991. He is a class of 2002 member of the UNLV Athletic Hall of Fame along with teammates Greg Anthony and Larry Johnson.

## NBA career
Augmon was drafted by the Atlanta Hawks in 1991. He played for the Hawks, the Detroit Pistons, the Portland Trail Blazers, the Charlotte Hornets, the New Orleans Hornets, and the Orlando Magic. He holds a scoring average of 8.0 points per game throughout his career.

## References
20 Y.O.

***20 Y.O.*** is the ninth studio album by American singer-songwriter Janet Jackson. It was d on September 20, 2006 by Virgin Records. The title refers to the twenty years since her third studio album, *Control* (1986). It had its twentieth anniversary rerelease in 2006. It was also her last album to be released by Virgin Records. She signed a new contract with Def Jam Recordings.

## Reviews
*20 Y.O.* received mixed reviews by music critics.

## Track listing
## References
Spirit (Leona Lewis album)

***Spirit*** is the debut studio album by English singer Leona Lewis. It was d by Syco in November 2007 in the United Kingdom and Ireland. It was released everywhere else in early 2008.

## Reviews
*Spirit* received generally positive to mixed reviews.

## Track listing
### Deluxe edition
## References
## References
Silwan necropolis

**Silwan necropolis** (also called **Kidron Valley necropolis**) is a row of ancient Jewish burial caves in the Kidron Valley. The valley is between the City of David and the north-west slope of the Mount of Olives. The ancient caves face towards the City of David to the west under the houses of the Arab neighborhood of Silwan in East Jerusalem. The row of ancient burial sites ends at the Tomb of Pharaoh's daughter monument. It is the continuing of the Mount of Olives Jewish Cemetery from the south beside the Arab neighborhoods.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Kidron Valley necropolis in Tel Aviv University website
Calvin Johnson

**Calvin Johnson** (born September 29, 1985) is an American football wide receiver who played for the Detroit Lions. His nickname is **Megatron**. He was drafted by the Lions in 2007. 

He was also on the winless 2008 Lions roster. Even though the Lions went 0-16, Johnson finished as one of the strongest wide receivers statistically for the season, fifth in receiving yards (1,331) and 7th in receiving yards per game (83.2), and leading the league in receiving touchdowns (12). 

At the end of 2015, Johnson retired.

## Other websites 
*Calvin Johnson stats
2008 Detroit Lions season

The **2008 Detroit Lions season** was the 79th football season of the Detroit Lions of the National Football League (NFL). It was their third year under head coach Rod Marinelli. In 2008, the Lions had one of the worst seasons of any major American pro sports team. They lost all 16 of their regular season games. They were the first NFL team to finish a season with no wins and 16  after their loss to the Green Bay Packers. They were the second team with no wins after the 1976 Tampa Bay Buccaneers. Matt Millen was  during the bye week of the season and the rest of the staff were fired after the season was over.

In 2017, the Cleveland Browns became the second team to lose all 16 regular season games.

## Roster 
## Schedule 
### Preseason
### Regular season
**COLOR KEY AND NOTES:**

: x Means game was blacked out locally
: Means the game was nationally televised

## Season facts 
* Three people who were on the 2008 Lions played in Super Bowl 48. They were Manny Ramirez and Paris Lenon of the Denver Broncos and Cliff Avril for the Seattle Seahawks, who won the Super Bowl.
* First 0-16 team in NFL history after loss to the Green Bay Packers
* The team won all 4 preseason games.
* After losing to the New Orleans Saints in week 16 (7-42), they became the first 0-15 team. They also became the first team to lose 15 straight games since the 2001 Panthers
* Gave up 517 points during the season
* Third team to lose 14 games, after the 1980 Saints and the 1976 Buccaneers
* In week 6 against the Minnesota Vikings in Minnesota, it was the first game where the Lions lost by 2.
* In week 13 against the Tennessee Titans, the team gave up 47 points as the team lost 10-47. They fell to 0-12. It would also be the 2nd straight season a NFL team has started 0-12 after the 2007 Miami Dolphins, who finished the year 1-15.

## References
Hellmuth Karasek

**Hellmuth Karasek** (4 January 1934 &ndash; 29 September 2015) was a German journalist, literary critic and novelist. He wrote over 25 books on literature and movies. He was well known for being on the panel of the show *Das Literarische Quartett*, with Marcel Reich-Ranicki. In 1968, he became the theatre critic of *Die Zeit*. From 1974 until 1996, he worked for *Der Spiegel*. In 1999, he was a member of the jury at the 49th Berlin International Film Festival.

Karasek was born in Brünn, Czechoslovakia (now Brno, Czech Republic). He moved from Bielitz (now Poland) to Bernburg in 1944 during World War II. In the 1950s, he became a student at the University of Tübingen in Tübingen, Baden-Württemberg (then West Germany).

Karasek died on 29 September 2015 in Hamburg. He was 81.

## References
## Other websites
*
Frankie Ford

**Vincent Francis Guzzo, Jr.** (August 4, 1939 &ndash; September 28, 2015), better known by his stage name **Frankie Ford**, was an American singer. He was best known for his 1959 hit "Sea Cruise". His main genres were rock and roll, rhythm and blues and pop. Ford was born in Gretna, Louisiana. He was adopted by Vincent and Anna Guzzo.

Ford died from natural causes after a long illness on September 28, 2015 in New Orleans, Louisiana. He was 76.

## References
## Other websites
*
Alphabet Inc.

**Alphabet** is an American company based in California. It holds Google and 12 other projects. The CEO is Sundar Pichai.

## History 
Alphabet was founded as a Google parent holding company on August 10, 2015. It included 9 businesses.

On December 3, 2019, the Google CEO Sundar Pichai became the Alphabet CEO too. 

That year the company was ranked  #15 on the Fortune 500 list of global US corporations by revenue.

In 2020, Alphabet net income was $40,269 million.

On January 16, 2020, Alphabet reached  a $1 trillion market value.

## Critics 
In October 2020, the United States Government Department of Justice filed an Anti-Trust Lawsuit against Alphabet Inc over Google’s monopoly on Search.

## References
Think of the children

]]

**"Think of the children"** (also **"What about the children?"**) is a phrase that became a strategy used when you are in an argument with someone. Basically in its simplest use it can mean just children's rights, like for example talking about child labor problems. But when this phrase is used in the middle of an argument, it can be used to try to make people feel emotional when thinking about the needs of children, and then to try and fool people into doing what they want because they might be scared that they do not want to harm children. The book *Community, Space and Online Censorship* (2009) wrote that calling children just babies in need of protection was a form of focusing too much on the concept of purity.

## In popular culture 
"Think of the children" as a phrase was used in the 1964 Walt Disney Pictures film *Mary Poppins*; where Mrs. Banks pleaded with her departing nanny not to quit and to asked her to "Think of the children!". Its use was popularized through satire on the television program *The Simpsons*, beginning in 1996. Character Helen Lovejoy pleaded: "Won't somebody please think of the children!" during loud arguments in the town of Springfield on the TV show.

Law professor Charles J. Ten Brink in the 2012 *Georgia State University Law Review* wrote that *The Simpsons* character Helen Lovejoy's use of "Think of the children" was a good form of parody. The phrase's use was made fun of a lot when people used it in politics. and "think-of-the-children-ism".

## References
## Other websites
*
Regions of Iceland

The **regions of Iceland** are mainly used for statistical purposes. The district court jurisdictions use them. The postal code system follows the regions as well with a few s. Before 2003 the regions were also used for elections to parliament.

These regions are not defined by law. They have no official standing or administrative function. They are used to divide Iceland for certain purposes.

The health care system in Iceland is divided into 7 health care districts. These are the same as the 8 regions of Iceland with one exception. The Northwestern region and the Northeastern region which are a single health care district. 

## Regions
Bathory (band)

**Bathory** was an extreme metal band from Vällingby, Sweden. The band formed in 1983. Bathory broke up in 2004. The band's main songwriter was Quorthon. Bathory released 12 studio albums and 5 compilation albums. Bathory's first four albums were "the blueprint for Scandinavian black metal". The band first played black metal but moved on to viking metal in its later years.

## Band members 
* Quorthon (Thomas Börje Forsberg) – vocals, guitar, bass guitar, drums (1983–2004)
* Freddan/Hanoi (Frederick Melander) – bass guitar (1983–1984)
* Vans McBurger (Jonas Åkerlund) – drums (1983–1984)
* Ribban – bass guitar (1984)
* Stefan Larsson – drums (1984–1986)
* Adde – bass guitar (1985)
* Paul Pålle Lundburg – drums (1986–1987)
* Kothaar – bass guitar (1988–1996)
* Vvornth – drums (1988–1996)

## Discography 
### Studio albums 
* *Bathory* (1984)
* *The Return* (1985)
* *Under the Sign of the Black Mark* (1987)
* *Blood Fire Death* (1988)
* *Hammerheart* (1990)
* *Twilight of the Gods* (1991)
* *Requiem* (1994)
* *Octagon* (1995)
* *Blood on Ice* (1996) – recorded in 1989
* *Destroyer of Worlds* (2001)
* *Nordland I* (2002)
* *Nordland II* (2003)

### Compilation albums 
* *Jubileum Volume I* (1992)
* *Jubileum Volume II* (1993)
* *Jubileum Volume III* (1998)
* *Katalog* (2001)
* *In Memory of Quorthon* (2006)

## Other websites 
*Official website 
*Bathory on Allmusic

## References
Lofsöngur

"**Lofsöngur**" (, meaning "Hymn") is the national anthem of Iceland. It was written for the celebration of the thousandth anniversary of the first Norse settlement of the Nordic country, though it had not been considered a national anthem for another forty years.

## Lyrics
Only the first stanza is regularly used as the national anthem.

## Controversies
This anthem has been criticized for being outdated and at times "unsingable." It's often thought to be difficult to sing due to having vocal range of high and low registers. Not only that, it has too many mentions to religion, despite the country becoming less religious. (As such, the national anthem of Iceland can be considered a religious hymn.) It has been suggested that the anthem be replaced with a more modern, less religious anthem.

## References 
## Other websites 
* The Icelandic National Anthem
* Audio of the national anthem of Iceland, with information and lyrics
Denise Lor

**Denise Jeanne Horine** (born **Denise Jeanne Briault**; May 3, 1929 &ndash; September 27, 2015), better known by her stage name **Denise Lor**, was an American actress and singer. She was born in Los Angeles. She moved to Long Island at age five. She was best known for being on the CBS series *The Garry Moore Show* for eight years in the 1950s and 1960s. She was also known for her song, "If I Give My Heart to You", which charted at #8 in September 1954. She appeared in over 100 stage productions, including *Gypsy*, *Annie* and *Sweeney Todd*.

Lor was married twice. She had two sons from her first, Ron and Denis Martin. She died in September 2015 at the age of 86.

## References
## Other websites
*
Húsavík

**Húsavík** is a town in northern Iceland. It has a population of 2,237 people. Most of the industry in the city comes from tourism and fishing. About 850 AD, a Swedish viking named Garðar Svavarsson arrived on the northern coast of Iceland. There he built a settlement and prepared to stay for the winter. When spring arrived, he went away, leaving two slaves behind. They made a farm there.

## Climate 
## Photos 

File:Husavik Harbor 2006.jpg|Húsavík harbor
File:Husavik1.jpg|Church of Húsavík
File:Husavik whales.JPG|Whales in Skjalfandi near Húsavík
File:A street in Húsavík.jpg|A street in Húsavík
File:Húsavík - town, harbour and church.jpg|The town, harbour and church

## References 
## Other websites 
*Official tourist information website 
*Whalewatching in Húsavík
*Whalewatching Guide
Charles Gibson

**Charles deWolf "Charlie" Gibson** (born March 9, 1943) is a United States former broadcast television anchor and journalist. He was born in Evanston, Illinois. He grew up in Washington, D.C. He was a host of *Good Morning America* from 1987 to 1998, and 1999 to 2006. He was the anchor of *World News with Charles Gibson* from 2006 to 2009. In 2008 he was a moderator for the US presidential debates. He graduated in 1965 with a degree in history from Princeton University.

## References
9½ Weeks

***9½ Weeks*** is a 1986 American erotic romantic drama movie. It was directed by Adrian Lyne and it was produced by Mark Damon, Sidney Kimmel, Zalman King, and Antony Rufus-Isaacs. It was released on February 20, 1986. It is based on the Elizabeth McNeill memoir of the same name. The movie is about a New York City art gallery employee who has an affair with a Wall Street broker.
## Reviews
The movie got mixed and negative reviews from critics. 1,000 people attended a preview screening of the movie and everybody except 40 people walked out. 35 of the 40 people who filled out cards said that they really did not like it. It has a 64% rating on Rotten Tomatoes. Movie critic Roger Ebert of the Chicago Sun-Times gave the movie gave the movie 3 and a half stars stars out of 4 and said that "A lot of the success of *9½ Weeks* is because Rourke and Basinger make the characters and their relationship convincing."

In terms of money, this movie did not earn much in the United States but it was successful in Europe.

## Cast 
* Mickey Rourke as John Gray
* Kim Basinger as Elizabeth McGraw
* Margaret Whitton as Molly
* David Margulies as Harvey
* Christine Baranski as Thea
* Karen Young as Sue
* William De Acutis as Ted (as William DeAcutis)
* Dwight Weist as Farnsworth
* Roderick Cook as Sinclair, the critic
* Victor Truro as Gallery client

## References
## Other websites
*
Maternal insult

A **maternal insult** (also referred to as a **"yo mama"** joke) is a  to a person's mother. This is through the use of phrases such as "your mother" or other , often used to insult the target by way of their mother.  "Your mother" can be combined with most types of insults, although suggestions of  are common. One of the purposes of these insults is to incite violence. Slang variants such as "yo mama", "yo momma", "ur mom", "yer ma", "ya mum", "your mum", "ya mudda" or "your mom" are sometimes used, depending on the local dialect. 

## Historic examples
*In the Bible, King Joram is greeted by the rebel Jehu with an angry expression about Joram's mother:

When Joram saw Jehu, he said, "Is it peace, Jehu?"
And he answered, "What peace, so long as the harlotries of your mother Jezebel and her witchcrafts are so many?"

*William Shakespeare used such a device in Act I Scene 1 of *Timon of Athens*:

*Painter*: "Y'are a dog."
*Apemantus*: "Thy mother's of my generation. What's she, if I be a dog?"

(In this example, the implication is that the mother is a "".)

*The world's oldest yo momma joke was written about 1,500 BC. It loses much in the translation but was found in Iraq on an ancient tablet:

'' “...of your mother is by the one who has intercourse with her. What/who is it?

(No answer)”

While it cannot be completely deciphered, it is clear some comment is being made about somebody's mother.

## Related pages 
*Insult

## References 
## Other websites 
*Yo Momma  - MTV television show involving the mother-insult style of insult comedy]
Introducing Joss Stone

***Introducing Joss Stone*** is the third studio album by English singer-songwriter Joss Stone. It was d on 9 March 2007 by Virgin Records. The album peaked at number 12 on the UK Albums Chart. In the United States, it ed at number two on the *Billboard* 200 chart.

## Reviews
*Introducing Joss Stone* received mixed to positive criticism from critics.

## Track listing
;Sampling credits
* "Headturner" contains an interpolation of "Respect" by Otis Redding.
* "Music" contains an interpolation of "The Mask" by the Fugees.
* "Proper Nice" contains an interpolation of "Catch Me (I'm Falling)" by Pretty Poison.

## Personnel
Credits adapted from the liner notes of *Introducing Joss Stone*.

* Joss Stone – lead vocals, executive producer, art direction, A&R
* Isaiah Abolin – assistant engineering 
* Jawara Adams – trumpet 
* Chalmers "Spanky" Alford – guitar 
* Chris Anokute – A&R
* Mike Boden – assistant engineering 
* Oswald Bowe – assistant engineering 
* Brian Bowen Smith – photography
* Chuck Brungardt – mixing, recording ; Pro Tools operator 
* Jonathan "Meres" Cohen – body painting, graffiti
* Anthony Coleman – trumpet 
* Lois Colin – harp 
* Common – vocals 
* Tom Coyne – mastering
* Reggie Dozier – string recording ; horn recording 
* Joi Gilliam – backing vocals 
* David Gorman – design
* Steve Greenwell – additional recording ; vocal recording 
* Charlie Happiness – clavinet 
* Lauryn Hill – vocals 
* Lionel Holoman – organ ; Rhodes ; keyboards ; Wurlitzer 
* Keisha Jackson – backing vocals 
* Priscilla Jones Campbell – backing vocals 
* Vinnie Jones – voiceover 
* Justin Kessler – Pro Tools operator 
* Dave Larring – additional recording 
* Joshua Lutz – mural
* Jeremy Mackenzie – Pro Tools operator 
* Marlon Marcel – assistant engineering 

* Kate McGregor – art coordinator
* Mix Master Mike – turntables 
* Dror Mohar – assistant engineering 
* Sean Mosher-Smith – art direction
* Robert Ozuna – sitar ; percussion ; additional drums ; drums ; turntables 
* Khari Parker – percussion ; drums ; additional drums 
* Jermaine Paul – backing vocals 
* Tino Richardson – saxophone 
* Raphael Saadiq – production ; bass ; guitar ; backing vocals ; horn arrangements ; keyboards ; piano 
* Bob Scott – photography
* Ian Shea – assistant engineering 
* Luke Smith – assistant engineering 
* Scott Somerville – assistant engineering 
* Glenn Standridge – mixing, production coordinator, recording
* Charlie Stavish – assistant engineering 
* Neil Symonette – percussion 
* James Tanksley – assistant engineering 
* John Tanksley – assistant engineering 
* Amy Touma – A&R
* Seamus Tyson – assistant engineering 
* Kenneth "Scooter" Whalum III – tenor saxophone ; baritone saxophone 
* Benjamin Wright – string arrangements ; horn arrangements 
* James Zellar – trombone

## References
David Ashby (speedway rider)

**David Ashby** (11 November 1949 &ndash; 16 September 2015) was a British motorcycle speedway rider. He rode for Swindon Robins between 1972 and 1978, making 151 appearances. He also rode with Peterborough Panthers and Milton Keynes Knights. He retired in 1979.

Ashby was born in Marlborough, Wiltshire. His brother was Martin Ashby. He had two sons, Lee and Jamie.

Ashby died from cancer on 16 September 2015 in Swindon, Wiltshire. He was 65.

## References
Mürwik Naval School

The **Naval Academy Mürwik** (German: *Marineschule Mürwik*) is the training school for German Navy officers in Flensburg-Mürwik. The castle-like building overlooks the Flensburg Fjord. Called the "Red Castle", it is well known for its beautiful architecture. It was patterned after the Marienburg (Malbork Castle) in Poland, the seat of the Teutonic Knights.

## History 
The academy was opened 1 October 1910. A few days later Germany surrendered. 

Currently cadets spend a year at Flensburg-Mürwik academy before going on to study at the Führungsakademie der Bundeswehr in Hamburg or the Bundeswehr University Munich.

## References
Origins of the blues

]]

The **origin of the blues**. Little is known about the origin of the music known as the blues.  No year can be cited as the origin, because the style evolved over a long period. Ethnomusicologist Gerhard Kubik traces the roots of many of its elements back to the African continent, the "cradle of the blues".

One early mention comes from 1901, when an archaeologist in Mississippi described the songs of black workers which had lyrical themes and technical elements in common with the blues. This pre-blues music was adapted from the field shouts and hollers performed during slave times, expanded into "simple solo songs laden with emotional content".

Many of these blues elements, such as the call-and-response format, can be traced back to the music of Africa. When African slaves went to work in North America, they took musical traditions with them. Early forms of music include spirituals and work songs. Spirituals were religious songs and work songs were sung to the rhythm of working. Work songs included a vocal call and response, or where the lead drummer makes a beat and then the others respond to it.

The majority of blues songs have four beats in a bar, and are built on the 12 bar blues form which uses three phrases, each four bars long. They can also use the blue scale.

## References
Claude Dauphin (businessman)

**Claude Dauphin** (10 June, 1951 &ndash; September 30, 2015) was a French billionaire businessman, and executive chairman of Trafigura Beheer BV. He had served as Trafigura's chairman and CEO. In March 2013 his net wealth was estimated at $1 billion by *Forbes*.

Dauphin died in the early hours of September 30, 2015 in a hospital in Bogota, Colombia from cancer, aged 64.

## References
Kelly Gissendaner

**Kelly Renee Gissendaner** (March 8, 1968 – September 30, 2015) was an American woman who was executed by the state of Georgia. Gissendaner had been convicted of orchestrating the murder of her husband, Douglas Gissendaner, in 1997.  At the time of the murder, Gissendaner was 28 and her husband was 30. After her conviction, and until her execution, Gissendaner was the only woman on death row in Georgia.

## References
Ernest Moniz

**Ernest Jeffrey Moniz** GCIH (born December 22, 1944) is an American nuclear physicist. He was the United States Secretary of Energy, serving under U.S. President Barack Obama from May 2013 to January 2017.

## References
## Other websites
*Moniz Nomination: Hearing before the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources, United States Senate, One Hundred Thirteenth Congress, First Session, to Consider the Nomination of Dr. Ernest Moniz to be the Secretary of Energy, April 9, 2013
*Dr. Ernest Moniz at the United States Department of Energy
*
*"Why We Still Need Nuclear Power", Making Clean Energy Safe and Affordable by Ernest Moniz in November/December 2011 Foreign Affairs
James D. Watkins

**James David Watkins** (March 7, 1927July 26, 2012) was an American politician. He was a United States Navy admiral and former Chief of Naval Operations.

He served as the U.S. Secretary of Energy during the George H. W. Bush administration, also chairing U.S. government commissions on HIV/AIDS and ocean policy. Watkins also served on the boards of various companies and other nongovernmental organizations and as the co-chair of the Joint Ocean Commission Initiative.

Watkins died of congestive heart failure on July 26, 2012 in Alexandria, Virginia at the age of 85.

## References
Deadly Relations

***Deadly Relations*** is a 1993 American television film directed by Bill Condon. It stars Robert Urich, Shelley Fabares and Gwyneth Paltrow. The film originally aired on ABC on May 22, 1993.

## References
No Child of Mine

***No Child of Mine*** is a February 1997 British documentary-drama and domestic violence television movie.  It is about the true case of a 13-year-old girl named Kerry (played by Brooke Kinsella). Kerry was sexually abused and bullied at several times by her abusive mother, Linda (played by Sharon Small), and her father, Jim (played by Bill Geraghty).

## References
John Galvin (general)

**John Rogers Galvin** (May 13, 1929 – September 25, 2015) was an American army general. He served as the sixth dean of the Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy at Tufts University. He was a member of the U.S. Commission on National Security/21st Century. He was born in Wakefield, Massachusetts.

Galvin died in Jonesboro, Georgia, aged 86.

## References
Mürwik

**Mürwik** (also: *Muerwik*, Danish: *Mørvig*) is a district of Flensburg. It is on the east side of the Flensburg Firth (estuary) on the peninsula of Angeln. It is well known for the Naval Academy Mürwik with its sail training ship Gorch Fock. It was where the last government of Nazi Germany, called the Flensburg government led by Karl Dönitz was located. It is also the location of the *Kraftfahrt-Bundesamt* (KBA), Germany's Federal Motor Transport Authority.

## Geography 
There are five communities in Mürwik: 
* Stützpunkt Flensburg-Mürwik 
* Osbek (Danish: *Osbæk*)
* Wasserloos (Danish: *Vandløs*)
* Friedheim
* Solitüde (also: Solitude, Danish: *Solitude*)

The highest elevation of the district is about  above sea level. Mürwik also has some natural undeveloped areas, such as the nature reserve at Twedter field.

## History 
Mürwik was first mentioned in 1734. The Naval Academy Mürwik was opened 1 October 1910. At the start of World War I in August 1914, the academy was temporarily closed. The Germans thought the war would be short. It reopened in January 1915. Cadets spent three months training then would go to sea to train aboard cruisers. A few days later Germany surrendered.

## References
Hadi Norouzi

**Hadi Norouzi** (&lrm;; 22 June 1985 &ndash; 1 October 2015) was an Iranian footballer. He played as a striker and winger. He was best known for playing for Persepolis, and became the club's captain two months before his death. He also had spells with clubs Pasargad Tehran, Fajr Sepah Tehran, Gahar Zagros and Naft Tehran. Norouzi was born in Babol, Mazandaran Province.

Norouzi died from a heart attack on 1 October 2015 in Tehran. He was 30.

## References
## Other websites
* Hadi Norouzi  at PersianLeague.com
* Hadi Norouzi at TeamMelli.com
*