open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Nipple piercing

**Nipple piercings** are a type of body piercing located through the nipple. Nipple piercings are commonly horizontal (especially for a ring), but can also be vertical or at other angles. A ring in a vertical piercing would tend to twist or pull on the hole, and might become painful.

## Gallery

File:Crop_Denie.jpg|Woman with various piercings including nipple piercings with barbells
File:Nipplepiercing.jpg|Nipple piercing with ring on a woman
File:NipplePierRS.JPG|Nipple piercing with barbell on a man

## Related pages 
* Genital piercing
* Navel piercing
Nella Martinetti

**Nella Martinetti** (21 January 1946 &ndash; 29 July 2011) was a Swiss singer-songwriter, affectionately nicknamed "Bella Nella".

She was born in Brissago, Ticino, Switzerland. In 1986, she became the first winner of the Grand Prix der Volksmusik with the song "Bella Musica", which she composed. In 1987, along with Atilla Şereftuğ, Martinetti approached a then unknown young Canadian singer Céline Dion, asking her to represent Switzerland in the 1988 Eurovision Song Contest. Dion won the Eurovision Song Contest with the song "Ne partez pas sans moi", which she composed along with Şereftuğ. 

Martinetti entered into a civil union with her longtime partner Marianne Schneebeli in 2009.

Martinetti died in Männedorf, Canton of Zürich, Switzerland, aged 65, in 2011, from pancreatic cancer.

## References
## Other websites 
* Martinetti's Yahoo.com music page
* Nella Martinetti's official website
Cade Otton

**Cade Otton** (born April 15, 1999) is an American football player. He is a tight end. Otton was drafted by the Tampa Bay Buccaneers in 2022.

Otton attended Tumwater High School in Tumwater, Washington. As a senior, he was *The Olympian*’s All-Area Football Player of the Year after having 39 receptions for 733 yards with 13 touchdowns on offense and 107 tackles and three sacks on defense. After high school, he played college football at  the University of Washington.

Otton was redshirted in 2017. He played in all 14 games in 2018. He started in 10 of those games  He finished the year with 13 receptions for 174 yards and three touchdowns. As a sophomore in 2019, he started all 13 games. He had 32 receptions for 344 yards and two touchdowns. As a junior in 2020, he started all four games and had 18 receptions for 258 yards and three touchdowns. Otton decided to play his final year at Washington rather than enter the 2021 NFL Draft. During his senior year, he recorded all-time-low numbers. He was still ranked as a Top 10 Tight-End.  Tampa Bay selected Cade Otton in the fourth round of the 2022 NFL draft.

During his career at Washington, Otton caught 76% of 113 passes to him. He averaged 11.5 yards per catch and had nine touchdowns.

## References
Kees van der Kruijs

**Kees van der Kruijs** (1947—22 September 2021) was a Dutch Grand Prix motorcycle road racer.  He was national champion in the 250-cc and 350-cc class. 

He was born in Heeze, he later moved with his parents to Oisterwijk. His best victory was the 24 hours of Oss. He competed at international competitions and among others, the 1976 Dutch TT, 1976 German motorcycle Grand Prix, 1977 Belgian motorcycle Grand Prix and 1977 British motorcycle Grand Prix. He died on 22 September 2021.

## References
Hans Haas

**Hans Haas** (15 January 1945 – 12 September 2021) was a Dutch politician. He was a member of the Christian Democratic Appeal. He was the mayor of Maasdriel  from 1989 to 1995), the  mayor of Haaren  from 1996 to 16 February 2001 and the mayor of Valkenswaard  from 16 February 2001 to 1 February 2007. He retired on 1 February 2007. He ended his retirement in 2008 and became mayor of Boekel and acting mayor of Gemert-Bakel from 2010 to 2011.

Haas died in Druten on 12 September 2021.

## References
Ula

**Ula** or **ULA** may refer to:

*Ula Tirso, a town in Italy
*United League of Arakan, a political group in Myanmar
*United Launch Alliance, a spacecraft company
Richard Crafus

**Richard Crafus**, known as King Dick January 15, 1783 -  1835), was an American imprisoned by the British in Dartmoor Prison during the War of 1812.  King Dick was a privateer who had been captured during the war. Although the prison held non-Americans, these were released around the end of the war.  The Americans were held longer. In the prison, this tall African-American became the leader of black inmates after the white Americans successfully petitioned the prison administration for segregation.  The prison division that King Dick led was Prison Number Four.  According to memoirs written by white inmates, he ruled strictly and fairly.  This meant that life in Prison Number Four more desirable than elsewhere in Dartmoor Prison. Because King Dick allowed whites to transfer to Number Four, many whites did so.  In 1815, the British released the American prisoners of war.

Apparently, Crafus went to Boston.  In that city, an African-American named King Dick taught boxing from 1826 through 1835.  He also served as an auxiliary on the police department. "He led an annual procession around Boston Common on Election Day, after which he gave a patriotic speech." 

## Physical description
King Dick was at least six foot three, whereas the average height in the prison was only five foot six. He was "physically powerful and a masterful bare-knuckle boxer. He wore a bearskin grenadiers’ cap as a symbol of his authority." 

## Death
"Richard Crafus probably died around 1835." 

## References 
## Other sources
* Guyatt, Nicholas (2022) *The Hated Cage: An American Tragedy in Britain’s Most Terrifying Prison*. Basic Books: New York.

* Horsman, Reginald (February 1975) "The Paradox Of Dartmoor Prison," *American Heritage*. https://www.americanheritage.com/paradox-dartmoor-prison

* Lipke, Alan Thomas (2013) *The Strange Life And Stranger Afterlife Of King Dick including His Adventures in Haiti and Hollywood With Observations On The Construction Of Race, Class, Nationality, Gender, Slang Etymology and Religion.* (M.A. Thesis, University of South Florida) https://digitalcommons.usf.edu/etd/4530  / https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?referer=&httpsredir=1&article=5727&context=etd

* Stephen B.Luce Library (February 11, 2015) *Black History Month 2015: Prolific African Americans in Maritime History, Society and Industry.* https://www.slideshare.net/LuceLibrary/black-history-month-2015
Flag of Gibraltar

The **flag of Gibraltar** was adopted in 1982, the flag is based on the coat of arms of Gibraltar that was granted by the Royal Warrant from Queen Isabella I of Castile on 10 July 1502.

## References
Flags of Europe

This is a list of flags used in Europe.

## Flags of European countries 
These are the flags of the 50 countries in Europe.
Julia (programming language)

**Julia** is a high-performance programming language, which is also meant to be easy (was considered a contradictory goal before), originally made with technical computing or with science in mind (like MATLAB), but it's a fully general-purpose language similar to e.g. Python, can be used for e.g. web development to building artificial intelligence.

Julia is a high-level language, which means a programmer can focus on what to do, but does not require knowledge of computer hardware. Writing programs in Julia takes less time than in some other languages.

Some state-of-the-art software has already been written in Julia, because it's considered easier to do then in the other popular languages. Some of it can also be used from other languages like Python or R. Julia was designed to be unusually easy to work with other languages, i.e. to benefit from code already written in other languages, to "reuse" their code.

Julia drew inspiration from other programming languages like Python, MATLAB, R, Ruby, Perl, Mathematica, Lisp, and C.

Julia works on the Raspberry Pi computer, and is e.g. supported in Raspbian.

Julia is supported by notebooks like Pluto.jl, Jupyter, and since 2025 Google Colab supports Julia natively.

It is recommended to install Julia with juliaup (which installs and takes care of Julia version updates), it is recommended NOT to install Julia through Linux distro's package managers. Juliaup is available in the Microsoft Store under the name Julia, which installs both.

## Some technical details
Julia is a high-level, high-performance, dynamic programming language. While it is a general-purpose language and can be used to write any application, many of its features are well suited for numerical analysis and computational science.

Distinctive aspects of Julia's design include multiple dispatch as its core programming paradigm. Julia supports concurrent, (composable) parallel and distributed computing. Julia uses a just-in-time (JIT) compiler, as Julia compiles code to machine code before running it.

Julia is garbage-collected, and includes efficient libraries for floating-point calculations, linear algebra, random number generation, and regular expression matching.

Julia supports calling C (and also e.g. Fortran or Rust) without glue code, using the keyword `ccall`. But it's also possible to call e.g. C++, Python, Java, MATLAB and R with help of Julia libraries for that purpose, and it's also possible to use those languages to call Julia, to reuse Julia libraries (that some of are state-of-the-art, such as SciML, made for scientific machine learning, which includes e.g. that DifferentialEquations.jl package).

## References
## Further reading
* 
* 
* 

## Other websites
* 
** See also: The web page of the company Julia Computing, while the language itself is open source.
Visidela

***Visidela (The Fishing Net)*** () is a 1997 Sri Lankan romantic drama movie directed by H.D. Premaratne and starring W. Jayasiri, Anusha Sonali, Jackson Anthony, Daya Thennakoon, Daya Alwis, Robin Fernando, Mahendra Perera.

## Other websites
* https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0111632/ at IMDB
Contrary Condor

***Contrary Condor*** or Donald Duck and the Egghunt or Donald Duck at the Egg Collector is a 1944 Donald Duck short film by Walt Disney Productions and RKO Radio Pictures.

## Plot
The short opens on a map, with footprints belonging to Donald trailing across the border of North America to South America, making a trail through the Andes. Donald is seen climbing up a vertical side of the mountain with plungers on his feet, yodeling as he goes. He sees the nest, and quickly reaches the top, ready to take an egg from a condor. One condor hatchling has already hatched and starts squawking at Donald’s arrival, but Donald just tells the hatchling to shut up and shoves him back into his egg shell. When he spots Mother Condor flying overhead, Donald hides the other egg and hides in the other hatching’s shell, kicking the baby condor out. The mother lands and decides to sit on the egg in which Donald is hiding. The warmth she provides is almost too much for Donald, and he sweats profusely. The egg suddenly starts to crack, and he is nearly crushed by the condor. Thinking quickly, Donald decides to pretend he’s a condor. The mother is convinced, and gives Donald a hug, much to the surprise of the other hatchling.Mother Condor then sends her hatchlings off to learn how to fly. The hatchling pushes Donald off the tree branch, but he manages to hold on when his clothes catch a branch nearby, although he is not so lucky when a passing storm cloud starts to shower all over him. Mother Condor tries to teach Donald to fly, but Donald looks down and gets dizzy. He tries to slip away, but is spotted and brought back. Donald manages to convince her that he has a bum wing, and she starts cradling him. The hatchling gets jealous, and starts squawking for attention. Having had enough, he sends Donald flying into the air and he lands on a branch nearby. Trying to get out of his situation once and for all, Donald rigs up a decoy using branches and leaves, and sends it hurtling to the river below. Although Mother Condor tries to save her “hatchling,” she believes it to be too late when it falls into the river, and she starts sobbing on the nearby bank. Donald then takes the other condor egg, thinking himself victorious, but the other hatchling steals it from him. Donald takes it back, but falls down into the river, holding the egg protectively. Relieved to see him still alive, Mother Condor gathers Donald and the egg into her arms and coddles them. That night, egg, Donald, hatchling, and Mother Condor are nestled together, while Donald mutters angrily under his breath.

## Cast
* Clarence Nash as Donald Duck
* Florence Gill as Condors
* Frank Graham as The Narrator

## References
## Other websites
* 
*
Don Donald

***Don Donald*** is a 1937 American animated short film produced by Walt Disney Productions. It was released by United Artists.

## Releases
Source:
* January 9, 1937 &ndash; original release (theatrical)
* November 13, 1984 &ndash; Donald Duck's 50th Birthday (TV)
* 1993 &ndash; *The Adventures of Mickey and Donald*, Episode 26 (TV)
* October 13, 1997 &ndash; *Ink & Paint Club*, Episode 4 "Disney Firsts" (TV)

## Home media
The short was released on May 18, 2004 on *Walt Disney Treasures: The Chronological Donald, Volume One: 1934-1941*.

Additional releases include:
* 1984 &ndash; "Cartoon Classics: Donald Duck's First 50 Years" (VHS)
* 1987 &ndash; "Cartoon Classics: Starring Donald and Daisy" (VHS)
* January 11, 2005 &ndash; "Classic Cartoon Favorites: Starring Donald" (DVD)
* April 29, 2008 &ndash; bonus feature on the "Classic Caballeros Collection" (DVD)

## Related pages
* Mickey Mouse (movie series)

## References
## Other websites
*
Modern Inventions

***Modern Inventions*** is a 1937 American comic science fiction animated short film produced by Walt Disney Productions and released by United Artists.

## Voice cast
### Uncredited
* Clarence Nash – Donald Duck
* Billy Bletcher – Robot Butler
* Adriana Caselotti — Robot Baby Carriage
* Cliff Edwards – Robot Barber Chair

## Releases
*May 29, 1937 &ndash; original release (theatrical)
*c. 1992 &ndash; ''Mickey's Mouse Tracks*, Episode 7 (TV)
*c. 1992 &ndash; *Donald's Quack Attack*, Episode 30 (TV)
*December 24, 1997 &ndash; *Ink & Paint Club*, Episode 26 "Classic Donald" (TV)

## Home media
The short was released on May 18, 2004 on *Walt Disney Treasures: The Chronological Donald, Volume One: 1934-1941*.

It was also released on VHS is 1985 on *Cartoon Classics: The Continuing Adventures of Chip 'n' Dale Featuring Donald Duck''.

## References
## Other websites
*
*
Self Control (movie)

***Self Control*** is a 1938  animated short featuring Donald Duck. It was created in Technicolor by Walt Disney Productions and released in theaters on February 11, 1938, by RKO Radio Pictures. *Self Control* follows Donald trying to learn to control his temper by following the advice of a radio program.
## Production
*Self Control* was directed by Jack King, It includes the voice of Clarence Nash as Donald Duck and Florence Gill as the clucking voice of a chicken. The voice of Uncle Smiley is not credited.

## Voice cast
* Donald Duck: Clarence Nash
* Hen: Florence Gill

## Home media
The short was released on May 18, 2004, on *Walt Disney Treasures: The Chronological Donald, Volume One: 1934-1941*.

## References
## Other websites
* 
*
Scinax hayii

'''Hay's snouted tree frog'* (*Scinax hayii'') is a frog that lives in  Brazil.

The adult male frog is 28.7–35.1 mm long from nose to rear end and the adult female frog is 34.2–38.6.  Its skin is pale green or brown with darker brown or darker green marks.  There is webbing on the back feet but not on the front feet.

This frog lives in trees in primary forest and secondary forest.  

## References
Völs am Schlern

**Völs am Schlern** () is a municipality in South Tyrol in northern Italy. It is about  east of Bolzano.

## References
Go, Dog. Go!

***Go, Dog. Go!*** is a 1961 children's book by P. D. Eastman. It was later made into a series of the same name from Netflix.

## References
Marquee

A **marquee** is a large tent used for hosting events. They are often used for big parties like weddings, for festivals, or for shows. A marquee is a temporary building. It can be put up for a few days or weeks and then taken down.

## How they are made 
Marquees have a frame made of long poles. These poles are usually made of metal, like steel or aluminum. The roof and walls are made of a strong fabric. This can be canvas or a type of plastic called PVC. The marquee is held down with ropes and pegs (stakes) that go into the ground.

## Types of Marquees 
There are two main types of marquee.

A **pole marquee** has poles in the middle of the tent to hold up the roof. This is a traditional type of marquee.

A **frame marquee** has a strong metal frame that holds up the roof. It does not need poles in the middle. This means there is more open space inside.

## Other meanings 
In North America, the word **marquee** can also mean something else. It is a sign over the entrance of a theater, cinema, or hotel. This sign has lights and shows the name of company, a play, movie, or performer.

## References
Kehkashan Basu

**Kehkashan Basu** (Meritorious Service Medal (Canada)) (born June 5, 2000) is an Emirati environmental and human rights activist. She also works for peace, children’s rights, education for sustainable development, nuclear disarmament, gender equality and climate justice. She is the Founder-President of Green Hope Foundation. It is the youngest Councillor of World Future Council. It is the youngest Trustee of the Parliament of the World's Religions. She is a KidsRights Youngsters member and winner of the International Children's Peace Prize 2016.

## Life 
### Early life
Kehkashan was born on June 5. At the age of 8, she started planting trees and organising young people for recycling programs. At the age of 11, she spoke at the TUNZA Children and Youth Conference in Indonesia. At the age of 12, she set a record as the youngest delegate to speak at a press conference at the United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development (Rio+20). As of December 2020, it was a third-year for her at the University of Toronto. She is studying in environmental studies and minoring in gender studies and physical and environmental geography.

### Career
She founded the Green Hope Foundation in 2012. Her goal is teaching and regulating the UN's Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). It includes grassroots action such as tree plantations. The organization also involves young people globally in the SDGs. It is through the community-focused projects in climate justice. It is associated with land degradation, sustainable consumption and renewable energy, and biodiversity conservation, as well as gender equality and social justice. As of now, it has more than 3000 members in total. Members are from across Canada, Suriname, United Arab Emirates, Oman, Qatar, Bahrain, United States, Indonesia, Malaysia, Cambodia, Australia, Kenya, The Bahamas, Chile, Vietnam, Seychelles, Sweden, The Netherlands, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Peru, Sri Lanka, India, Nepal, Bangladesh, Kiribati and Liberia. The organization works by conducting workshops and conferences around the regulation of the SDGs.

In 2017, she published the short story book "The Tree of Hope". It was in association with the illustrator Karen Webb-Meek. In the book, a young girl creates an oasis in a desert. She does so by planting trees and requesting friends to help her.

## Awards and Honours 
* Basu won the International Children's Peace Prize in 2016.
*Basu was named as one of Canada's Top 25 Women of Influence in 2018.
*Basu was named as a Forbes 30 Under 30 in 2021 – the youngest in the category of Education.
*Basu won the World Literacy Award for Significant Contribution to Literacy by a Youth in 2021.
*Basu was awarded the Meritorious Service Medal of Canada (Civil Division) in 2022.

## References 
## Other websites 
* 
*
Banco Santander Argentina

**Banco Santander**, formerly known as **Santander Río** in Argentina, is a financial services and commercial bank based in Spain. The bank is owned by Spanish bank Banco Santander  The headquarter of the company  in Buenos Aires, Argentina.  it is the largest private bank in the country. The bank has 430 branches, 3.5million clients and more than 8,500 employees. The branches are in twenty-two provinces and in the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires.

The bank is the third largest in Argentina. It has deposits of about  billion and a loan portfolio of US$3.8 billion. It operates 262 branches and employs more than eight 5 people in Argentina.  It has a network of over 1500 Banelco ATMs. This is the largest network of ATMs in the country.

In June 2019, Santander Río changed its name to **Santander**. In October 2021, the bank launched the Argentine version of **"**Superdigital**".** It did this to increase mobile banking.  It became the fourth country in Latin America to have it after Brazil, Chile and Mexico.

## Headquarters
Its headquarters is the Banco Santander Argentina Building. It was formerly called the Banco Río de la Plata Building. The building is in downtown Buenos Aires. It was designed in 1977 and opened in 1983 to house the headquarters of Banco Español del Río de la Plata.  It has fifteen floors and a height of . The  name of the building was changed when the bank changed its name.

## Branches
Below is a list of the number of branches that Banco Santander Argentina has:

## References
S.A. (corporation)

**S.A** or **SA** designates a type of limited company in certain countries, most of which have a Romance language as their official language and employ civil law.
, issued 20 November 1900. *Société anonyme* were common in Switzerland at this time.]]
As with bearer bonds, anonymous unregistered share ownership and dividend collection enabled money laundering, tax evasion, and concealed business transactions in general, so governments passed laws to audit the practice. Nowadays, shareholders of S.A.s are not anonymous, though shares can still be held by a holding company in order to obscure the beneficiary.

## Other websites
* Anonymous Companies  on Global Witness
Parliament of Montenegro

The **Parliament of Montenegro** is the unicameral legislature of Montenegro. The Parliament currently has 81 members, with each member elected to a four-year term. Members of the house are elected using proportional representation. The first parliament was created in 1906.

## References
Dritan Abazović

**Dritan Abazović** (Cyrillic: Дритан Абазовић; born 25 December 1985) is a Montenegrin politician. He is the prime minister of Montenegro from 28 April 2022 until 31 October 2023. He is the leader of the United Reform Action party. He was deputy prime minister in the cabinet of Zdravko Krivokapić from 2020 until 2022.

In August 2022, a motion of no confidence against Abazović was passed in the Parliament of Montenegro, after a dispute with his coalition government over an agreement the government signed with the Serbian Orthodox Church.

## References
Kōji Omi

was a Japanese Liberal Democratic Party politician. He was the Minister of Finance in the first Cabinet of Shinzō Abe, from 2001 to 2007. He was a member of the House of Representatives from 1983 until 2009. Omi was born in Numata, Japan. 

Omi died on 14 April 2022 from pneumonia in Tokyo, Japan at the age of 89.

## References
Pedro López (serial killer)

**Pedro Alonso López** (born 8 October 1948) is a Colombian serial killer and child rapist. He murdered about 110 young girls from 1969 to 1980 and claimed to have murdered over 350 victims across Colombia, Peru and Ecuador. He was released from a Colombian asylum in 1998.

López became known as the **Monster of the Andes** in 1980, when he led police to 53 graves in Ecuador. The victims were all girls between 9 and 12 years of age. In 1983, he was found guilty of the murder of 110 girls in Ecuador. He further confessed to another 240 murders in Peru and Colombia.

He is currently free.

## References
Judy Henske

**Judith Anne Henske** (December 20, 1936 – April 27, 2022) was an American folk singer-songwriter. Her 1963 recording of "High Flying Bird" was a well known folk-rock song. Her 1969 album *Farewell Aldebaran* was very popular.

Henske died on April 27, 2022 from a long-illness in Los Angeles, California at the age of 85.

## References
Marcelo Tinelli

**Marcelo Hugo Tinelli** (born April 1, 1960, San Carlos de Bolívar) is an Argentine television presenter, businessman, actor, radio host, sports journalist, sports director, philanthropist and television producer. He was the 20th president of Club Atlético San Lorenzo de Almagro from December 18, 2019 until his resignation on April 30, 2022.

During his television career, Tinelli has been the host and producer of humor and entertainment programs such as Rhythm of the night and Showmatch (ex Videomatch). Likewise, he began his career on the radio at a very young age, being a cadet in a sports program at the time. In addition, he is also one of the main audiovisual producers on various television channels in his country, among them, El Trece, which, first with the products of his former production company, Ideas del Sur, of which he was its founder and currently it is with LaFlia Contents, its new production company.

## Personal life
Marcelo is the only child of the marriage that was formed by María Esther Domeño (teacher, died in 1994) and Dino Tinelli (sports journalist, died in 1971);  furthermore, he is the cousin of the musician Luciano "Tirri" Giugno; and grandson of José Domeño, who owned two newspapers.

In 1986, Tinelli married his first wife, Soledad Aquino, who comes from one of the most traditional families in San Isidro. They both met on *Badía y Compañía*, a program by the well-remembered announcer and host Juan Alberto Badía, when he was doing the sports notes and she was working for the production, with the audience in what, at that time, was the main studio of the channel El Thirteen.  With her he had two older daughters: Micaela (1988) and Candelaria (1990). In 1993 the couple separated.

In 1997 he married for the second time with the dancer and actress Paula Robles, whom he met during the recordings of the program he hosted, *Rhythm of the night*, where she was one of the members of the dance group called "Las Tinelli". The couple had their children Francisco (1998) and Juana (2002). After 12 years, the couple divorced in 2009.

Some time later, in 2012, Marcelo currently met his current partner, the model and actress Guillermina Valdés, with whom they had Lorenzo, his fifth child.

## Companies
He is the creator and president of production companies that generate unitary series, soap operas, and programs of general interest for television in his country and international television.

* Ideas del Sur (1996—2017)
* LaFlia Contents (2018—present)

## References
## Other websites
* Tinelli's TV history  (archive)
Neal Adams

**Neal Adams** (June 15, 1941 – April 28, 2022)was an American comic book artist. He was the co-founder of the graphic design studio Continuity Associates. Adams co-created the characters Ra's al Ghul, Man-Bat, and John Stewart for DC Comics.

Adams died on April 28, 2022 in New York City from problems caused by sepsis, aged 80.

## References
Jean-Claude Fruteau

**Jean-Claude Fruteau** (6 June 1947 – 28 April 2022) was a French politician. He was a Member of the European Parliament for France's "*outre mer*" from 1999 to 2007. He was a member of the Socialist Party, which was part of the Party of European Socialists. Fruteau was a member of the National Assembly from 2007 until 2017. He was also Mayor of Saint-Benoît, Réunion from 2008 until his death.

Fruteau died on 28 April 2022 at the age of 74.

## References
Nader Talebzadeh

**Nader Talebzadeh Ordubadi** (; 25 December 1953 – 29 April 2022) was an Iranian researcher, movie director and movie producer. He was known for his 2007 movie *The Messiah*. Talebzadeh was born in Tehran, Iran. His career began in 1979.

Talebzadeh died on 29 April 2022 in Tehran from heart failure at the age of 68.

## References
*
Abul Maal Abdul Muhith

**Abul Maal Abdul Muhith** (; 25 January 1934 – 30 April 2022) was a Bangladeshi economist, writer, and politician. He was Bangladesh's Finance Minister from January 2009 until January 2019. Muhith was also a member of the Jatiya Sangsad from 2009 until 2018. He was a member of the Awami League. Muhith was born in Sylhet, Bangladesh.

Muhith went in the hospital in Dhaka, Bangladesh in March 2022. He died on 30 April 2022 at the age of 88.

## References
RuPaul's Drag U

'''''RuPaul's Drag U'''* (as in "Drag University") is an American reality television series. It debuted July 19, 2010, on Logo TV. Its final episode aired in August 2012. It was hosted by RuPaul and a team of drag queen "professors". *Drag U* was a spin-off of *RuPaul's Drag Race*. RuPaul confirmed on May 8, 2013 via Twitter that the series had been cancelled.

## Cast
Contestants from *RuPaul's Drag Race* appear on *RuPaul's Drag U'' as professors.

## References
## Other websites
* Official website - Season 1  (U.S.)
* Official website - Season 2  (U.S.)
* Official website  (Canada)
* 
*
Sea Ranch, California

**Sea Ranch** is an unincorporated community in Sonoma County, California, United States. At the 2020 census, 1,169 people lived there.

## References
Robert B. Parker

**Robert Brown Parker** (September 17, 1932 &ndash; January 18, 2010) was an American writer.  His most famous works were the 40 novels written about the fictional private detective Spenser.

Parker died suddenly of a heart attack at his home in Cambridge, Massachusetts, on January 18, 2010 at the age of 77.

## References
Imperial presidency

**Imperial presidency** is a term applied to the modern Presidency of the United States. The term means the accumulation of powers and self-imposed rule by the President within a constitutionally established government.

It was first used in the 1960s, and the American historian Arthur Schlesinger Jr popularized the term "imperial presidency" during the Nixon presidency in his 1973 book *The Imperial Presidency*, to address three concerns: that the President has become too powerful, uncontrollable and that he has exceeded his constitutional limits.

According to American professor of political science Thomas E. Cronin, author of *The State of the Presidency,* the imperial presidency is a term used to define a danger to the American constitutional system by allowing presidents to create and abuse presidential powers during national emergencies and crisis. This was based on: (1) presidential war powers vaguely defined in the United States Constitution, and (2) secrecy – a system used that shielded the Presidency from the usual checks and balances by the legislative (United States Congress) and judicial (Supreme Court of the United States) branches.

Issuing many Executive orders, in order to bypass the Congress, if it does not make laws that the President wants, is a common feature of an imperial presidency.

Most would consider the United States government to be democratically controlled, but it is the Constitution of the United States's 3 branches (Executive, Judiciary, and Legislative) that create and impose the of constitutionally upheld rule of law. The United States is considered a democracy because of its constitution, which is a living document and changeable according to the interest of a democratically elected Congress.

While only the Congress and the Administrative branches (President, Governor, Mayor, etc.) are democratically elected by its legal voting citizens, the inclusion of all its people such as women, slaves, indentured servants, and men who didn't own land was only made possible 121 years after the Constitution came into force in 1789. This excludes The Voting Rights Act of 1965.

## References
Flag of Prague

The **flag of Prague**, officially the **flag of the capital city of Prague** is one of the symbols of Prague.
Robin Tunney

**Robin Tunney** (born June 19, 1972) is an American actress. She is known for her movie roles in *Empire Records* (1995) and *The Craft* (1996). She also played Veronica Donovan on *Prison Break* (2005–2006) and Teresa Lisbon on the television series *The Mentalist* (2008–2015).

She is a cousin of Chicago Alderman Tom Tunney.

## References
Kim Keon-hee

**Kim Keon-hee** (; born 2 September 1972) is a South Korean businesswoman who served as the first lady of South Korea from 2022 to 2025 as the wife of Yoon Suk Yeol. Since 2009, she has been the chief executive officer and president of the art exhibition company Covana Contents.

## Early life
Kim was born on 2 September 1972 in Yangpyeong, South Korea. She attended Myungil Girls' High School. She graduated from Kyonggi University with an art degree.

## Career
In 2009, Kim established Covana Contents, a company that specializes in art exhibitions. She has been the chief executive officer and president since then. Kim has been investigated for allegedly taking kickbacks for hosting art exhibitions.

In 2021, there were reports that Kim had inflated her resume with connections to the New York University Stern School of Business. She later publicly apologized.

## Personal life
Kim married Yoon Suk-yeol in 2012. On 10 March 2022, when her husband was elected president of South Korea, Kim said that she preferred the term first spouse to first lady.

## References
New Braunfels Independent School District

**New Braunfels Independent School District** (**NBISD** for short) is a public school district in New Braunfels, Texas.
## List of schools
### High schools
***Grades 9-12**
**Long Creek High School
**New Braunfels High School
***Grades 6-12**
**School of Choice
### Middle schools
***Grades 6-8**
**New Braunfels Middle School
**Oak Run Middle School
### Elementary schools
***Grades K-5**
**Carl Schurz Elementary School
**Klein Road Elementary School
**Memorial Elementary School
**Seele Elementary School
**Walnut Springs Elementary School
**County Line Elementary School
**Lamar Elementary School
**Veramendi Elementary School
**Voss Farms Elementary School
***Pre-Kindergarten**
**Lone Star Early Childhood Center

## Other websites
*NBISD's website
Mount Damavand

**Mount Damavand** is the tallest mountain in Iran and Western Asia, and the tallest volcano in Asia, and the third tallest volcano in the Eastern Hemisphere (after Mount Kilimanjaro and Mount Elbrus), at  in total elevation. Mount Damavand is a dormant volcano in northern Iran about  northeast of Iran's capital city of Tehran.

s near the summit on Mount Damavand.]]
Students' union

A '''students' union** or **student union**, sometimes called **students' council**, **student government**, **free student union**, **student senate**, **students' association or** **guild of students''' is a student organization in many colleges, universities, and some high schools. In higher education, the students' union often has its own building on the campus, for social, and organizational activities.  The students' union may have a voice in the running of the college.  It may have its own staff. They often organise sports teams and entertainment. 

In many countries there is a national organisation of students. There is a European Students' Union which has 45 national unions of students from 40 countries.

## References
Gated community

A **gated community** is a subdivision that has one or more gated entrances. Many people like living in gated subdivisions for the exclusivity and sense of security these neighborhoods offer. Dwellings in gated communities can be detached houses, semi-detached houses, terraced houses apartments, etc. These communities typically have regular (usually monthly) maintenance fees to pay for the gates, amenities, etc or these costs are typically built in to the rent in the case of rental communities. 

Amenities of gated communities can include

*swimming pools.
*golf courses.
*parks and communal gardens.
*gyms, fitness suites and weightlifting rooms.
*sports courts such as basketball, tennis, etc.
*bowling alleys.
*children's playgrounds.
*cinemas.
And many more.
Terraced house

, modern-day Turkey.]]

A **terraced house** (in British English) or **townhouse**/**townhome** or **rowhome** (in North American English) is one of at least three attached dwellings in a single row. These houses are common in urban areas and typically have two or more storeys. **Townhouse** can also refer to a grand urban residence, especially one built in the 19th century and earlier such as brownstone houses.
Zareen Khan

**Zareen Khan**, birthly spelled as **Zarine Khan**, is an Indian actress and model who mainly working in the Hindi language movies. She has also appeared in Tamil, Telugu and Punjabi films. She made her debut in playing the role of a princess in 2010 war action drama film *Veer*.

## References
Today's Special

'''''Today's Special''''' is a Canadian children's television series that was created and produced by Clive VanderBurgh at TVOntario from September 1, 1981 to July 1, 1987. In the United States, it was also aired on PBS after syndication.

## Characters
***Jeff (played by Jeff Hyslop)**
A mannequin with a magic hat that makes him come to life when someone says, "hocus pocus alimagocus".
***Jodie (played by the late Nerene Virgin)**
The store's display designer.
***Sam (puppeteered by Bob Dermer)**
An old man who's the store's security guard.
***Muffy (puppeteered by Nina Keogh)**
A mouse who speaks in a Welsh accent, living in the store all the time.
North American English

**North American English** is the collective term for the varieties of English spoken in the United States and Canada. Because of their related histories and cultures, plus the similarities between the pronunciations (accents), vocabulary, and grammar of American English and Canadian English, linguists often group the two together. Canadian English uses both British and American spellings; however, certain words always take British spellings (e.g., *cheque* rather than *check*) and others American spellings (e.g., *tire* rather than *tyre*).  

## References
The Cock-Eyed World

***The Cock-Eyed World*** is a 1929 American musical comedy movie directed by Raoul Walsh and is the sequel to *What Price Glory?*. It stars Victor McLaglen, Edmund Lowe, Lili Damita, El Brendel and was distributed by 20th Century Fox.

## Other websites
*
*
*
All-you-can-eat restaurant

An **all-you-can-eat restaurant** (**AYCE**) is a restaurant where any amount of food can be eaten for one price. They are often buffets.

## Buffets 
Herbert "Herb" Cobb McDonald, a Las Vegas publicity and entertainment manager, introduced the idea in 1946. William Pearson talked about buffets in his 1965 novel *The Muses of Ruin*:

A 2011 study showed more food is eaten if buffets cost more.

COVID-19 restrictions from March 2020 briefly closed many all-you-can-eat places.

## Other restaurants 
Korean barbecue, Brazilian churrasco and Chinese hot pot are often all-you-can-eat.

## Drinks 
Unlimited drinks, mostly alcoholic drinks, are "all-you-can-drink" or "bottomless", as in "bottomless brunch" or "bottomless mimosas".

## References
Alexandre de Beauharnais

**Alexandre François Marie, Viscount of Beauharnais** (28 May 1760 — 23 July 1794) was a French politician and general during the French Revolution. He was the first husband of Joséphine de Beauharnais, who later became Empress of the French through her marriage to Napoleon.

## Early Life 
Beauharnais was born in Fort-Royal (now Fort-de-France), Martinique. He was the son of a governor,  François de Beauharnais, Marquess de la La Ferté-Beauharnais, and his wife Marie Anne Henriette Françoise Pyvart de Chastullé. Beauharnais’ parents decided that it would be a good idea to arrange him to marry someone. And so he did on 13 December 1779, in Paris to the 16 year old Joséphine Tascher de la Pagerie. There marriage was not happy as Beauharnais said he was only marrying *because his father forced him to do so.* They had 2 children together, Eugène and Hortense. 

## Career 
Beauharnais fought in Louis XVI’s army during the American Revolutionary War.  He  represented the French nobility in the Estates-General and was president of the National Constituent Assembly from June 19, 1791 to July 3, 1791 and again from 31 July to 14 August 1791. He was then made a general in 1792, during the French Revolutionary Wars. In 1793, he refused to become Minister of War. Later the same year, he was named General-in-Chief of the Army of the Rhine. 

## Death 
On 2 March 1794, the Committee of General Safety ordered his arrest, accusing him of poorly defending Mainz during the siege of 1793, and because he was a part of the nobility. He was jailed at Carmes Prison and was sentenced to death during the Reign of Terror. His wife, Joséphine was arrested in the same prison on  21 April 1794. Joséphine survived, but Beauharnais was guillotined, together with his cousin Augustin, on the Place de la Révolution, only a week before the trial and execution of Maximilien Robespierre.
Super Trucks

***Super Trucks Racing*** (or simply as ***Super Trucks*** in Europe and Japan) is an racing game developed by Jester Interactive and published by XS Games exclusively on PlayStation 2. All drivers and sponsorship information are based on the 2001`*Super Trucks* racing series.
Aleta Baun

**Aleta Baun** is an Indonesian environmental activist. She is known as the "Indonesian Avatar".

She won the 2013 Goldman Environmental Prize. It was for organizing hundreds of local villagers to peacefully live in the marble mining sites in “weaving protests”. It stopped destruction of sacred forest lands on Mutis Mountain on the island of Timor.

She is a leader of indigenous Mollo people. She was born to a family of farmers. She lost her mother at a young age. She was raised by other women and elders in the village. She was taught to respect the environment as a source of the spiritual identity and livelihood. As a community leader, she shares the traditional knowledge with others. She was also known as “Mama Aleta.”

Mama Aleta's work made her a target for the mining interests and local authorities. She survived from an attempt to be killed. Once Mama Aleta even went into hiding in a forest with her baby.

Mama Aleta grew the movement to include hundreds of villagers. It is associated with a weaving occupation. 150 women spent a year sitting on the marble rocks at the mining site. They quietly wove their traditional clothes in protest. Women were traditionally responsible for getting food, dye and medicine from the mountains. Mining in these mountains would have directly impacted their livelihoods. While the women protested at the mine, the men provided domestic support at home, cooking, cleaning and caring for the children.

Among the villagers’ peaceful presence, marble mining became increasingly undeniable for the companies involved. Public awareness of the weaving occupation was growing. Indonesian government officials took notice. By 2010, the mining companies started reacting to the pressure. They started mining at all four sites within the Mollo territories. They stopped their operations.

Mama Aleta now helps communities across West Timor to map their traditional forests. She works in water security and indigenous peoples' natural resource management and land rights.

## References
Scinax quinquefasciatus

'''Fowler's snouted tree frog'* (*Scinax quinquefasciatus'') is a frog that lives in  Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru.  Human beings accidentally brought it to the Galapagos Islands.  Scientists have seen it as high as 620 meters above sea level.

The adult male frog is 27.6–38.2 mm long from nose to rear end and the adult female frog is 33.9–38.9 mm long.  This frog can be in different colors.  It can be light brown or dark brown with darker marks and other patterns.  Its belly is the color of cream.

This frog sometimes has a mark on its stomach that looks like five lines coming out from the same middle.  Its Latin name means "five rays."

## References
Patrick Strzoda

**Patrick Strzoda** (; born 5 January 1952) is the current chief of staff at the Élysée Palace of Emmanuel Macron. Strzoda is currently the representative of the French Co-prince of Andorra.
Bennettitales

**Bennettitales** (also known as **cycadeoids**) is an extinct order of seed plants.

They first appeared in the Permian period and became extinct in most places toward the end of the Cretaceous. Bennettitales are among the most common Mesozoic seed plants. They looked like shrubs or cycads. 

Although the leaves of the Bennettitales looked like that of cycads, they had more complex flower-like reproductive organs. So some of them were probably pollinated by insects.

Certainly Bennettitales were cone-bearing seed plants. However, their relationship to other seed plants is unclear.

## References
Law of truly large numbers

The **law of truly large numbers** (a statistical comment), says that with a large enough number of independent samples, any result with constant probability >0 is likely to be seen. We may highlight unlikely events and notice them more. 

The law is often used to falsify different pseudo-scientific claims.

## References
Archaeopteris

***Archaeopteris*** is an extinct genus of progymnosperm tree with fern-like leaves. This tree is found in strata from the Upper Devonian to Lower Carboniferous. 

For a while, 383 to 323 million years ago, it was the dominant tree all over the Earth. They had a world-wide distribution. On all the land areas that were habitable, they all had this tree.

Until the 2007 discovery of *Wattieza*, many botanists thought *Archaeopteris* was the earliest known tree. It has buds, reinforced branch joints, and branched trunks similar to today's wood. It is more like modern seed-bearing trees than other spore-bearing plants. It is a bit like woody trees and herbaceous ferns. These extinct plants are sometimes called the progymnosperms. They are plants with gymnosperm-like wood but which produce spores rather than seeds.

Because it bears spores. it is an ancestor of the gymnosperms.

## References
Dyhia Belhabib

**Dyhia Belhabib** is an environmental scientist and researcher. She is specialised in illegal fishing, conservation, artisanal fishing and food security. As of now, she is a main fishery investigator for Ecotrust Canada. Her research has studied the relationship between fishing industries and the illegal drug trade. She has also found the conflict between artisanal fishing, illegal fishing, climate change and international fishing subsidies. She also stood for the decolonization and greater equity in ocean science.

## References 
## Other websites 
*
Wolves of the Air

***Wolves of the Air*** is a 1927 American silent action movie directed by Francis Ford and starring Johnnie Walker, Lois Boyd, Maurice Costello, Mildred Harris, Gayne Whitman, Billy Bletcher. It was distributed by Sterling Pictures.

## Other websites
*
Arizona Bound (1927 movie)

***Arizona Bound*** is a 1927 American western movie directed by John Waters and starring Gary Cooper, Betty Jewel, El Brendel, Jack Dougherty, Christian J. Frank, Charles Cockett. It was distributed by Paramount Pictures and is a lost movie.

## Other websites
* 
* 
*
Children of Divorce (1927 movie)

***Children of Divorce*** is a 1927 American romantic drama movie directed by Josef von Sternberg and Frank Lloyd and was based on the 1927 novel of the same name by Owen Johnson. It stars Clara Bow, Esther Ralston, Gary Cooper, Norman Trevor, Hedda Hooper, Einar Hanson, Edward Martindel, Iris Stuart and was distributed by Paramount Pictures.

## Other websites
* 
* 
*