open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Letitia Wright

**Letitia Michelle Wright** (born 31 October 1993) is a Guyanese-born British actress and model. She is best known for her role as Shuri in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU) movies *Black Panther* and *Avengers: Infinity War* (both 2018). She has also appeared in TV shows such as *Top Boy*, *Coming Up*, *Chasing Shadows*, *Humans*, the *Doctor Who* episode "Face the Raven" and the *Black Mirror* episode "Black Museum". For *Black Mirror*, she was  for the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Limited Series or Movie. In 2019, she won the BAFTA Rising Star Award. 

Wright was born in Georgetown, the capital city of Guyana. At the age of seven, her family moved to London. She grew up in Tottenham, north London.

## References
## Other websites
*
National Students' Union of India

'''National Students' Union of India''' (NSUI) is the student wing of the Indian National Congress. NSUI was established on 9 April 1971. The organisation was founded by Indira Gandhi. Vinod Jakhar is the current president.

## History 
### Pre-Independence Movement 
Student movement reached its apex during the struggle for independence due to the strong participation of students from all sections of society. Prior to 1950, the student activism of the Indian National Congress was carried out by the youth wing of the AICC.

## Related pages 
* Indian National Congress

## Other websites 
* National Students' Union of India official site 
* Official All India Congress Committee website
* Official Indian National Congress website

## References
Crosbyton, Texas

**Crosbyton** is a city in and the county seat of Crosby County, Texas, United States. The population was 1,492 at the 2020 census.

## References
Sam Sullivan

**Sam Sullivan**, CM (born November 13, 1959) is the Liberal  Member of the Legislative Assembly (MLA) in the British Columbia legislature for Vancouver-False Creek. He is the  Official Opposition’s Housing critic.

Sullivan was the Minister of Community, Sport and Cultural Development and the Minister Responsible for TransLink. He was a member of the Legislative Review Committee and the Select Standing Committee on Crown corporations and the Select Standing Committee on Public Accounts.

In 2006 to 2009 he was mayor of Vancouver. In 1993 to 2005 he was a Vancouver City Councillor. While Mayor of Vancouver, he helped create the Street to Home Foundation. He was also involved in the largest increase in social housing in several decades on 14 Vancouver city sites.

Sullivan is an Adjunct professor at the University of British Columbia's School of Architecture and Landscape Architecture.

Sullivan was made a member of the Order of Canada for his work with the Disability Foundation which supports quality of life initiatives for people with disabilities from all over Canada. He received the Christopher and Dana Reeve’s Award and the Terry Fox Award for helping to improve the quality of life for people with disabilities.

## References
Gustav Nossal

Sir **Gustav Victor Joseph Nossal**  (born 4 June 1931) is an Austrian-born Australian research biologist. He is famous for his work in the fields of antibody formation and immunological tolerance. 

## Life and career
Nossal was born in Bad Ischl. He first grew up in the Austrian capital city of Vienna. After the Anschluss (Nazi Germany's annexation of Austria), he and his family moved to Australia. This was because, although not of Jewish faith, his father's grandparents were Jewish. This meant that Nossal was at risk of being sent to concentration camps due his Jewish background. Nossal was baptised, like his father, and is a Roman Catholic. He studied at the University of Sydney.

Nossal has written five books and 530 scientific articles on immunology and similar fields. From 1959 to 1961, he was the assistant professor of genetics at Stanford University. He began serving as director of the Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research from 1965. At the same time, he was Professor of Medical Biology at the University of Melbourne. He retired from both of these roles in 1996. He was knighted for his services to science in 1977. In 1989, he was made a Companion of the Order of Australia. In 1990, he was awarded the Albert Einstein World Award of Science. In 2000, he was named Australian of the Year.

Nossal High School in Berwick, Victoria, is named after him.

## References
## Other websites
* Sir Gustav Nossal at the Walter and Eliza Hall Institute website
Dellinger

**Dellinger** may refer to:

## Places
* Dellinger (crater), a crater on the far side of the Moon
* 78392 Dellinger, a main-belt asteroid discovered in 2002 by A. Lowe

## Other uses
* Dellinger (surname)
* Dellinger effect, a fadeout of short-wave radios caused by solar flares

### Not to be confused with
* Derringer, a general term for small handguns
* Dellingr, a god in Norse mythology
Val-de-Charmey

**Val-de-Charmey** is a new municipality of the district of Gruyère in the canton of Fribourg in Switzerland. It was created on 1 January 2014 when the former municipalities of Cerniat and Charmey merged to form the new municipality of Val-de-Charmey.

## References
Alterswil

**Alterswil** was a municipality of the district Sense in the canton of Fribourg in Switzerland. On 1 January 2021, the former municipalities of Alterswil and St. Antoni merged to form the municipality of Tafers.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Official website
Arconciel

**Arconciel** () was a municipality of the district Saane in the canton of Fribourg in Switzerland. On 1 January 2021, the former municipalities of Arconciel, Ependes and Senèdes merged to form the new municipality of Bois-d'Amont.

## References 
## Other websites
Schmitten, Fribourg

**Schmitten** is a municipality of the district of Sense in the canton of Fribourg in Switzerland.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Official website of the municipality of Schmitten
Schmitten

**Schmitten** may refer to:
* Schmitten, Germany, a climatic spa in the Hochtaunuskreis in Hesse, Germany
* Schmitten, Fribourg, a municipality in the canton of Fribourg, Switzerland
* Schmitten, Graubünden, a former municipality in the canton of Graubünden, Switzerland
Riversleigh

**Riversleigh** may refer to:

* Riversleigh, Queensland, a locality in the Shire of Murweh in South-West Queensland
* Australian Fossil Mammal Sites (Riversleigh), a World Heritage listed fossil site in North-West Queensland
John Quarmby

**John Quarmby** (18 June 1929 – 5 April 2019) was an English character actor. He was best known for his roles as Mr Carnegie in the *Fawlty Towers* episode "Basil the Rat" (1979), and as Henry Tobias in *K-9 and Company* (1981). He had roles in TV series such as *Z-Cars*, *Softly, Softly*, *Juliet Bravo* and ''Howards' Way*. He also appeared in the movies *The Scarlet Pimpernel* (1982), *A Christmas Carol* (1984) and *Thirteen at Dinner'' (1985).
## Biography 
Quarmby was born in Liverpool. He served for two years in the Royal Air Force in the 1940s. He joined Royal Academy of Dramatic Art (RADA) in 1949. He died on 5 April 2019, at the age of 89.

## References
## Other websites
*
Pat Cleveland

**Patricia Cleveland** (born June 23, 1950) is an American fashion model. She became successful in the 1960s and 1970s and was one of the first African-American models within the fashion industry to achieve fame as a runway model and print model. Cleveland was born in New York City.

Cleveland was diagnosed with colorectal cancer in April 2019.

## References
Jeremy Bowen

**Jeremy Francis John Bowen** (born 6 February 1960) is a Welsh journalist and television presenter. He was born in Cardiff, Wales. He is the BBC's  Middle East correspondent working in Jerusalem between 1995 and 2000. He has been its Middle East Editor since 2005.

Bowen was diagnosed with bowel cancer in April 2019.

## References
## Other websites
* 
* Photograph. BBC.
* *Newswatch*: Jeremy Bowen. BBC.
* ''Bowen Middle East role 'enhanced'''. BBC.
Mont-Vully

**Mont-Vully** is a new municipality in the district of See in the canton of Fribourg in Switzerland. It was created on 1 January 2016 when the former municipalities of Bas-Vully and Haut-Vully merged to form Mont-Vully.

## References
Katrin Sjögren

**Katrin Sjögren** (born 2 February 1966) is a Finnish politician from the Åland Islands. She has been the Premier of Åland since 25 November 2015. She has also been the leader of the Liberals for Åland party since 2012. She became a member of the Parliament of Åland in 2003. She was Minister of Social Affairs and Environment between 2007 and 2011.

She lives in Mariehamn, the capital city of the Åland Islands. She is married to Anders Eriksson. The couple have three children.

## References
Đồng Sĩ Nguyên

**Đồng Sĩ Nguyên** (1 March 1923 – 4 April 2019), also known as **Nguyễn Hữu Vũ**, was a Vietnamese soldier and politician. **Đồng Sỹ Nguyên** is another spelling of his name. He served as Deputy Prime Minister of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam from 1982 to 1991. He was also a lieutenant-general of the North Vietnamese Army during the Vietnam War. He was interviewed in the documentary TV series *The Vietnam War* (2017) He was born in Quảng Trạch District, Quảng Bình Province, then-part of French Indochina.

Đồng died on 4 April 2019 in Hanoi, at the age of 96.

## References
René Fontès

**René Fontès** (11 June 1941 – 17 March 2019) was a French sports official and politician. He was club president of the Top 14 rugby union team Clermont Auvergne from 2004 to 2013. He was also mayor of the Eygalières commune in Bouches-du-Rhône from 2008 until his death in 2019. He was made Chevalier (Knight) of the Legion of Honour in 2011. He was born in Saint-Martin-de-Crau, Bouches-du-Rhône.

Fontès died of a heart attack on 17 March 2019 in Eygalières. He was 77.

## References
Nikolay Kovalyov (politician)

**Nikolay Dmitrievich Kovalyov** (; 6 August 1949 – 5 April 2019) was a Russian politician, general, and former KGB official. He was a member of United Russia. He was also a member of the State Duma. He was chairman of the Duma's Veterans' Committee. He was the Director of the Federal Security Service (FSB) from July 1996 to July 1998. Vladimir Putin took on the role of director after him. Kovalyov was born in Moscow.

Kovalyov died after a long illness on 5 April 2019 in Moscow. He was 69.

## References
Nikolay Kovalev

**Nikolay Kovalev** may refer to:

* Nikolay Kovalyov (politician) (1949–2019), Russian politician
* Nikolay Kovalev (fencer) (born 1986), Russian sabre fencer
* Nikolai Kovalyov (footballer) (born 1996), Russian footballer
Plaffeien

**Plaffeien** () is a municipality of the district of Sense in the canton of Fribourg in Switzerland. On 1 January 2017, the former municipalities of Oberschrot and Zumholz merged into the municipality of Plaffeien.

It is the third-largest municipality in the canton of Fribourg.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Official website
Carmelita Pope

in Chicago]]
**Carmelita Pope** (April 15, 1924 – April 3, 2019), also known by her stage name **Carla Dare**, was an American actress. She was best known for her roles in stage productions. In 1947, she appeared in the Broadway play *A Streetcar Named Desire*. She also acted in television series such as *General Hospital*, *Days of Our Lives*, *They Stand Accused*, *Down You Go* and *The Amazing Spider-Man*.

Pope was born in Chicago, Illinois. She was a childhood friend of actor siblings Jocelyn and Marlon Brando. She was married twice and had two sons. She lived in Boise, Idaho.

Pope died on April 3, 2019, at the age of 94. 

## References
## Other websites
*
Gresham College

Hall, the current home of Gresham College]]
, 1740]]

**Gresham College** is an institution of higher learning in London. It does not enroll students and does not award any degrees. It was founded in 1597 under the will of Sir Thomas Gresham.

The College gives over 140 free public lectures every year. Since 2001, all lectures have also been made available online.

## Professors
There seven original Gresham College Professorships that date back to the origins of the college. They are in Astronomy, Divinity, Geometry, Law, Music, Physic and Rhetoric.

These subjects reflect the curriculum of the medieval university (the trivium and quadrivium).

The college played an important role in the Enlightenment and in the formation of the Royal Society. Early distinguished Gresham College professors included Christopher Wren, who lectured on astronomy in the 17th century, and Robert Hooke, who was Professor of Geometry from 1665 until 1704.

The professors received £50 a year. The terms of their position were very precise, for example: :*The geometrician is to read as followeth, every Trinity term arithmetique, in Michaelmas and Hilary terms theoretical geometry, in Easter term practical geometry. The astronomy reader is to read in his solemn lectures, first the principles of the sphere, and the theory of the planets, and the use of the astrolabe and the staff, and other common instruments for the capacity of mariners.*

Today three further Professorships have been added to take account of areas not otherwise covered by the original Professorships:

* Commerce, established in 1985.
* Environment, established in 2014.
* Information technology, established in 2015.

The professors currently hold their positions for three years, extendable for a fourth year. They give six lectures a year.  There are also visiting professors appointed to give series of lectures at the College. There are a number of single-lecture speakers.

The lectures are often given in the Museum of London, which has a bigger lecture room than the College.

## References
Melvin Van Peebles

**Melvin Van Peebles** (August 21, 1932 &ndash; September 22, 2021) was an American movie maker, actor, novelist and composer. He was the father of actor Mario Van Peebles.

Melvin Van Peebles created and acted in the blaxploitation movie ''Sweet Sweetback's Baadasssss Song* in 1971. He also acted in many other movies from the 1970s to the 2010s. His first Hollywood movie was *Watermelon Man'' in 1970.

Van Peebles was born in Chicago, Illinois. He died on September 22, 2021 in New York City, aged 89.

## References
Damon Wayans Jr.

**Damon Wayans Jr.** (born November 18, 1982) is an American actor, comedian and writer. In the sitcom *Happy Endings*, he was nominated for a Critics' Choice Television Award for Best Supporting Actor in a Comedy Series. He played Brad Williams in the show. He co-hosts the CBS game show Raid the Cage.

Wayans is the son of actor and comedian Damon Wayans Sr.

As a child, Wayans was in the comedy movie *Blankman* in 1994. In 2009, he played Thomas Uncles in the movie *Dance Flick*.

Wayans was born in Huntington, Vermont.

## References
Edmund Gunter

**Edmund Gunter** (1581 – 10 December 1626) was an English clergyman, mathematician, geometer and astronomer of Welsh descent.  

He is best remembered for his practical inventions for measurement. These include the '''Gunter's chain**, **Gunter's quadrant**, and the **Gunter's scale'''. In 1620, he invented the first successful analogue device which he developed to calculate logarithmic tangents. These inventions are related to the main practical maths interests of England at that time. These were maritime navigation, land surveying and accounting.

Gunter was taught mathematics by Henry Briggs. He became a Gresham Professor of Astronomy, from 1619 until his death. Gunter  invented the terms cosine and cotangent, 

## Gunter's scale 
 (1575–1660), inventor of the slide rule, used Gunter's scale as his starting-point]]

Gunter’s scale (called by seamen "the Gunter") is a large plane scale, usually 2 ft. long by about 1½ in. broad, and engraved with various lines of numbers. By means of this scale questions in navigation, trigonometry etc. are solved with the aid of a pair of compasses.

The slide rule was invented around 1620–1630, shortly after John Napier's publication of the concept of the logarithm. In 1620 Gunter developed his calculating device with a single logarithmic scale. With additional measuring tools it could be used to multiply and divide. In c. 1622, William Oughtred of Cambridge combined two handheld Gunter rules to make a device that is the modern slide rule. 

## Gunter's chain 
Gunter's chain was in common use in surveying up to modern times. It is 22 yards long and is divided into 100 links. Its usefulness comes from its decimal division, and the fact that 10 square chains make an acre. It folds up in sections, and is carried by the surveyor.

## Gunter's quadrant 
His quadrant of 1623 was used to tell the time, find the length of day, when the sun had risen and set, the date, and the meridian. It used scales and curves of the quadrant and related tables. Gunter's quadrant was fairly simple, and was widely used in the 17th and 18th centuries.
This instrument is used to find the hour of the day, the sun’s azimuth, and other common problems of the globe, and also to take the altitude of an object in degrees. These things are needed by ships on long voyages, and on long overland excursions.

## Controversies 
Like his contemporary at Cambridge, Isaac Newton, Oughtred taught his ideas privately to his students.  Also like Newton, he became involved in a  controversy over priority (who invented what and when). This involved his one-time student Richard Delamain. Oughtred's ideas were only made public in publications of his student William Forster in 1632 and 1653.

## References
Barry Malkin

**Barry M. Malkin** (October 26, 1938 – April 4, 2019) was an American movie editor. He had about 30 movie credits to his name. He was best known for his work movie director Francis Ford Coppola. He edited most of Coppola's movies between 1969 and 1997. These include *The Rain People* (1969), *The Godfather Part II* (1974), *Apocalypse Now* (1979), *Rumble Fish* (1983), *The Cotton Club* (1984), *Peggy Sue Got Married* (1986), *The Godfather Part III* (1990) and *Jack* (1996). He also edited for the movies *Little Big Man* (1970), *Big* (1988), *New York Stories* (1989), *Honeymoon in Vegas* (1992) and *The Big Bounce* (2004). He was  for a BAFTA Award for Best Editing and an Academy Award for Best Film Editing.

Malkin died on April 4, 2019 in Manhattan, New York City. He was 80.

## References
## Other websites
*
Phonograph cylinder

**Phonograph cylinders** were the earliest commercial method for recording and reproducing sound. 

They were commonly known simply as "records" in their era of greatest popularity (c. 1896–1915). They were hollow cylindrical objects with an audio recording engraved on the outside surface. The sound can be reproduced when they are played on a mechanical cylinder phonograph. In the 1910s, the competing disc record system became the more popular commercial audio medium.

Some of the cylinders and their recoreders can be found in local museums.

## References
Marilyn Mason

**Marilyn May Mason** (June 29, 1925 – April 4, 2019) was an American concert organist, recording artist and professor. She joined the staff of the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor in 1947. She became chair of the organ department in 1962, and was named a professor in 1965. She retired in 2014, making her the longest serving University of Michigan staff member at 67 years. She was born in Alva, Oklahoma.

Mason died on April 4, 2019 in Fort Lauderdale, Florida. She was 93.

## References
Michael Ironside

**Frederick Reginald Ironside**, known as **Michael Ironside** (born February 12, 1950) is a Canadian actor, voice actor, movie director, movie producer and screenwriter for both movies and television. He is best known for playing tough guys and villains. He has also played sympathetic characters.

Ironside played Richter in the 1990 science fiction movie *Total Recall*. In 1997 he played Lieutenant Jean Rasczak in *Starship Troopers*. In 2011 he played the Captain of the 7th Fleet in *X-Men: First Class*.

Ironside did voice acting in *Superman: The Animated Series* and its sequel *Justice League*.

Ironside was born in Toronto, Ontario.

## References
Jon Østeng Hov

**Jon Østeng Hov** (23 January 1936 − 29 March 2019) was a Norwegian photographer and writer. He was known for his nature photos. He was a columnist for the *Adresseavisen* newspaper for over 30 years. Hov was an honorary member of the Norwegian Society for the Conservation of Nature. In 2005, he was made Knight, 1st Class of the Order of St. Olav.

Hov died on 29 March 2019, at the age of 83.

## References
Ralph S. Greco

**Ralph Steven Greco** (May 25, 1942 – March 31, 2019) was an American surgeon and sculptor. He was the Johnson and Johnson  Professor, Emeritus of Surgery at Stanford University School of Medicine. He was well-known for his advocacy for the  of surgery residents. He retired from Stanford in 2017.

Greco was born in the Bronx, a borough of New York City. He went to Yale University. He was married to Irene L. Wapnir. The couple had three children.

Greco died from prostate cancer on March 31, 2019 in Stanford, California. He was 76.

## References
## Other websites
*
Attalens

**Attalens** ( or  *Talin*) is a municipality of the district Veveyse in the canton of Fribourg in Switzerland.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Official website
Franz Weber (activist)

**Franz Weber** (27 July 1927 – 2 April 2019) was a Swiss environmentalist, animal welfare activist and journalist. He founded the Franz Weber Foundation in 1975. In the 1970s and the 2000s, he led  campaigns for the protection of the Lavaux region. In 2007, Lavaux became a World Heritage Site by UNESCO. He has also worked in the conservation of natural sites in France, Germany, Austria, Italy, Greece, Switzerland, Slovenia and Hungary. He has also helped endangered species in South America, Canada, Australia, Africa and Europe.

In 1989, the Franz Weber Foundation bought Bonrook Station, a former cattle station near Pine Creek, Northern Territory. It has since developed into a sanctuary for brumbies and native wild life. 

In 1997, in the presence of Émile Gardaz, Jean-Pierre Thiollet and some other personalities, the township of Delphi appointed him an Honorary citizenship.

Weber was born in Basel. He was married to Judith with one daughter, Vera. He lived in Montreux.

On 2 April 2019, Weber died in the capital Bern. He was 91.

## References
## Other websites
* Franz Weber Foundation
Oberschrot

**Oberschrot** was a municipality in the district of Sense in the canton of Fribourg in Switzerland. On 1 January 2017, the municipalities of Oberschrot and Zumholz became part of Plaffeien.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Official website
Olli Mäki

**Olli Mäki** (22 December 1936 – 6 April 2019) was a Finnish boxer. As an amateur, he won the European lightweight title in 1959. Before this, he placed second in 1957. He was dropped from the 1960 Olympic team. After this, he became professional. He fought until 1973 as a pro, with a record of 28 victories, 14 losses and 8 draws. He lost in two rounds to Davey Moore in 1962. In retirement, Mäki worked as a boxing coach and manager. The movie, *The Happiest Day in the Life of Olli Mäki* (2016), is based on his life. He was born in Kokkola.

On 6 April 2019, Mäki died of problems caused by Alzheimer's disease in Kirkkonummi. He was 82.

## References
## Other websites
* 
*
Shawn Smith

**Shawn Smith** (October 28, 1965 – April 3, 2019) was an American singer-songwriter and musician. He began his career in 1991.He was a vocalist of the bands Brad, Satchel and Pigeonhed. He was also a solo artist. 

He released 10 solo albums from 1999 until his death. His songs were featured in television series such as *The Sopranos* and *ER*. Smith was born in Spokane, Washington.

Smith lived in Seattle. He died of a torn aorta and high blood pressure on April 3, 2019, at the age of 53.

## References
## Other websites
*
Soviet satellite state

**Soviet satellite states** were satellite states indirectly controlled by the Soviet Union. This meant that they were countries controlled by leaders who were really controlled by the Soviet Union. Soviet satellite states included the Warsaw Pact countries and Mongolia. The Soviet Union chose leaders in these countries who were loyal to the Soviet Union and would send in the military if the local people protested against the local government.

Examples were:
* The Mongolian People's Republic (Satellite 1921–1990; government extant until 1992)
* The Tuvan People's Republic (Satellite 1921–1944; joined the Soviet Union in 1944)
* The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (Satellite 1945–1948; government extant until 1992)
* The People's Socialist Republic of Albania (Satellite 1944–1960; government extant until 1992)
* The Polish People's Republic (1944–1989)
* The People's Republic of Bulgaria (1946–1990)
* The People's Republic of Romania (1947–1965)
* The Czechoslovak Socialist Republic (1948–1968 and again 1968–1989)
* The German Democratic Republic (1949–1990)
* The Hungarian People's Republic (1947–1956 and again 1956–1989)
* The Democratic Republic of Afghanistan (1978–90)

Most of these "Eastern Bloc" countries had  military service for young men. They also had varying numbers of Soviet troops and KGB agents. All these countries had detailed control of information (censorship), and other aspects of the communist Soviet system. Many features of the Soviet information control were put into practice in distant countries, such as Cuba, which was allied to the Soviet Union, but was not its satellite state.

Other terms which may be used are:
* Satellite state
* Puppet state
* Client state
* Vassal state
* Buffer state
Adele Addison

)]]
**Adele Addison** (born July 24, 1925) is an American soprano. She was a figure in the classical music world during the 1950s and 1960s. She was an opera singer. However, she spent most of her career performing in recital and concert. A lot of her singing is from the Baroque period. She is well known for performing the singing voice of Bess (played by Dorothy Dandridge) in the movie *Porgy and Bess* (1959).

Addison was born in New York City. She grew up in Springfield, Massachusetts. She has had type 2 diabetes since childhood. In 1958, she married Norman Berger, a research scientist and professor at New York University. Berger died in 2005, after a 47-year marriage.

## References
## Other websites
*
List of Ottawa neighborhoods

*Alta Vista
*Arlington Woods
*Avalon
*Bayshore
*Beacon Hill
*Beaverbrook
*Beechwood
*Bells corners
*Blackburn Hamlet
*Bridlewood
*Britannia
*Byward Market
*Carleton Heights
*Carson Grove
*Centrepointe
*Chapel Hill
*Chateauneuf
*Chatelaine Village
*Chinatown 
*Civic Hospital
*Convent Glen
*Craig Henry
*Crystal Beach
*Downtown 
*Elmvale Acres
*Emerald Meadows
*Fallingbrook
*Gardenway
*Glencairn
*Heron Park
*Hiawatha Park
*Hintonburg
*Hunt Club
*Island Park
*Kanata Lakes
*Katimavik
*Lindenlea
*Little Italy
*Lowertown
*Manor Park
*McKellar Park
*Merivale
*Mooney's Bay
*Morgan's Grant
*New Edinburgh
*Nottingate
*Old Ottawa South
*Orleans Wood
*Overbrook
*Pineridge
*Pineview
*Pineview
*Pleasant Park
*Queenswood Heights
*Ridgemont
*Riverside
*Riverside Park
*Rockliffe
*Rockliffe Park
*Rothwell heights
*Sandy Hill
*Stittsville
*Sunridge
*Tanglewood
*The Glebe
*Tunnys Pasture
*Uplands
*Vanier
*Village Green
*Wellington Village
*Westboro
Ried bei Kerzers

**Ried bei Kerzers** () is a municipality of the district See in the canton of Fribourg in Switzerland.

On 1 January 2006, Ried bei Kerzers incorporated the neighboring municipality of Agriswil.

## References 
## Other websites
Don Alden Adams

, July 2009]]
**Don Alden Adams** (January 16, 1925 &ndash; December 30, 2019) was an American Jehovah's Witnesses leader. He was president of the Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society of Pennsylvania from 2000 to 2014. The organization is the main legal body used around the world by Jehovah's Witnesses. Adams was born in Oak Park, Illinois.

Adams died in December 2019, at the age of 94.

## References
Daniela Peštová

**Daniela Peštová** is a Czech model.

She was on the cover of *Sports Illustrated* *Swimsuit Issue* in 1995, 2000 and 2006.

After she started to work for the brand in 1996, she became a Victoria's Secret Angel from 1997 to 2001. During their fashion show in 1998, she wore the Dream Angel Fantasy Bra, worth $5,000,000.

## References
Union Public Service Commission

The **Union Public Service Commission** (**UPSC**; ) is a board in India which conduct several exams to select grade 1 officer for Indian government. UPSC is also responsible for training and allocation of positions to its different selected candidates.

Popular exams conducted by UPSC are Civil services, CDS, IES, NDA and IFOS.

Apart from these five exams, UPSC also conducts many other exams through UPSC Recruitmen   to facilitate government vacancies in various government departments of India, through which it recruits civil service candidates for the Government of India.

## History
Merit based civil services exam system started in India since 1854. Before 1854 Directors of East India company use to recruit or nominate civil servannts and train them at Haileybury college in London.
In early days of civil services exam pappern was focused to help Britishers for this post and exam use to be conducted only at London.
It was first in 1922 that civil services exam started in India as well. 
First Indian to clear civil servant exam was Satender Nath Tagore in 1864 and till 1922 only 4 other Indians could clear civil services.
In 1935 civil service commission was brough to "government of India act" It came in affect since 1st April 1937. It was called as Federal public service commission.  

## UPSC Recruitment Examination 
**UPSC All Examinations List**

* Civil Services Examination 
* Naval Academy Examination
* Engineering Services Examination
* Indian Forest Service Examination
* Combined Geo-Scientist Examination
* National Defence Academy Examination
* Combined Medical Services Examination
* Combined Defence Services Examination
* Central Armed Police Forces Examination
* Special Class Railway Apprentice Examination
* Indian Economic Service - Indian Statistical Service Examination

## Post Independence
India became Indipendent on 15th August 1947 and after inaugration of constitution of India on 26th January 1950, Federal Services commission of India was called Union Public services commission under clause (1) of article 378 of Indian constitution.

Every year about 1 Million students fill up form to apply for most prestigious and difficult exam in India called civil services conducted by UPSC.

## References
## Other websites
*Union Public Service Commission
Lao People's Revolutionary Party

The '''Lao People's Revolutionary Party** (), formerly the **Lao People's Party''', is a Marxist–Leninist political party in Laos. It has emerged from the Communist Party of Vietnam founded by Hồ Chí Minh in 1930. It has governed in Laos since 1975. The policy-making organs are the Politburo, Secretariat and the Central Committee. A party congress is held every five years. The congress elects members to the politburo and central committee. The congress used to also elect a secretariat, but this body was abolished in 1991. As of 2016, 128 of the 132 members of the National Assembly of Laos were from the Lao People's Revolutionary Party.

## History 
The party has its origins in the Communist Party of Indochina founded by Ho Chi Minh in 1930 (see Communist Party of Vietnam). The ICP was entirely Vietnamese at its beginning, but it grew throughout French Indochina. The Communist Party of Indochina was able to found a small "Lao section" in 1936. In the mid-1940s, a campaign to recruit Laotian members began. In 1946 or 1947, Kaysone Phomvihan, a law student at the University of Hanoi, was recruited, along with Nouhak Phoumsavan.

## Sources 
* Stuart-Fox, Martin (2008) *Historical Dictionary of Laos*. Scarecrow Press. ISBNs 0810864118, 978-0-81086-411-5.

## References
Communist Party of Greece

The **Communist Party of Greece** (; *Kommounistikó Kómma Elládas*, **KKE**) is a Marxist–Leninist political party in Greece. 
It was founded in 1918 as the Socialist Labour Party of Greece (adopting its current name in November 1924). It is the oldest political party in modern Greek politics. The party played a significant role in the Greek resistance. The party's membership was largest in the mid-1940s. It participated in the Greek Civil War, but ended on the losing side and was banned until 1974.

The party took part in a coalition government in 1989 when it got more than 13% of the vote.

## History 
### Foundation 
The October Revolution of the Bolsheviks in Russia in 1917 gave rise to the foundation of communist parties in many countries all over the globe. KKE was founded on 4 November 1918 as the Socialist Labour Party of Greece (Greek: Σοσιαλιστικό Εργατικό Κόμμα Ελλάδας, *Sosialistikó Ergatikó Kómma Elládas*; acronym: ΣΕΚΕ, *SEKE*). The party was run by a five-member central committee. The committee consisted of Nikos Dimitratos, D. Ligdopoulos, M. Sideris, A. Arvanitis and S. Kokkinos.

The background of KKE has roots in more than 60 years of small socialist, anarchist and communist groups. These groups were mainly in industrialized areas. They followed the example of the Paris Commune and the 1892 Chicago workers' movement for the eight-hour working day. These groups pushed for the unification of Greek workers into trade unions, the implementation of an eight-hour day in Greece and better salaries for workers. Inspiration came from the Paris Commune and the communist revolutionary efforts at the beginning of the century. The destruction almost 20 years of wars brought upon the Greek workers also played a role. As a result, a unified Social-Communist party was founded in Greece.

At the Second Congress of the SEKE in April 1920, the party decided to affiliate with Comintern. The Comintern was an international communist organisation founded in Moscow in 1919. The SEKE changed its name to the Socialist Labour Party of Greece-Communist (SEKE-K). A new central committee was elected, which included Nikos and Panaghis Dimitratos, Yannis Kordatos, G. Doumas and M. Sideris. At the Third Extraordinary Congress of the SEKE-K in November 1924, the party was renamed the Communist Party of Greece and adopted Marxism–Leninism. Pandelis Pouliopoulos was elected as general-secretary. Ever since, the party has functioned on the basis of democratic centralism.

### KKE between the two World Wars 
KKE strongly opposed Greece's involvement in the Greco-Turkish War of 1919–1922. It considered the war an imperialistic plot to control the market of Asia Minor. KKE members advocated this position both on the front as well as in the mainland. KKE worked with the Soviet ambassador to persuade Venizelos' administration to withdraw its troops from Asia Minor. KKE also tried to persuade the Soviet Union to pressure Mustafa Kemal Atatürk to allow autonomy for Greek cities in Asia Minor.

## References 
## Other websites
*
Communist Party of Chile

The **Communist Party of Chile** () is a Chilean political party inspired by the thoughts of Karl Marx and Vladimir Lenin. It was founded in 1922, as the continuation of the Socialist Workers Party. In 1932 it established its youth wing, the Communist Youth of Chile (*Juventudes Comunistas de Chile* [abbr:JJ.CC]).

The PCCh was a member of "New Majority" (), a leftist coalition led by President of Chile Michelle Bachelet.

It holds 8 seats in the Chamber of Deputies of Chile.

## Leaders
## Related pages
*Communist Youth of Chile
*Luis Emilio Recabarren
*Popular Unity
*Co-ordinating Committee of Communist Parties in Britain
*Juntos PODEMOS Más
*Norte Grande insurrection

## References
Vodka (horse)

(4 April 2004 – 1 April 2019) was a Japanese Thoroughbred racemare which won the 2007 Group One (GI) Tokyo Yūshun (Japanese Derby). She won seven G1 races in Japan and was the highest earning racemare in Thoroughbred history at the time.

Vodka died on 1 April 2019, from laminitis in Newmarket, Suffolk.  She was 14.

## References
Philip Greaves

Sir **Philip Greaves** (born 19 January 1931) is a Barbadian politician. He served as an acting governor-general from 1 July 2017 until 8 January 2018.

## References
Paula Garcés

**Paula Garcés** (born March 20, 1974) is a Colombian-American actress. She is known for her appearance in movies such as *Clockstoppers*, *Man of the House* and *The Harold and Kumar Series*.

On TV shows, she starred in *CSI: Miami*, *The Shield*, *Law and Order: Special Victims Unit*, *The Sopranos*, *Oz*, *Devious Maids*, *Guiding Light*, *All My Children* and *On My Block*.

## References
## Other websites
*
Angelo Acerbi

**Angelo Acerbi** (born 23 September 1925) is an Italian Roman Catholic archbishop. He became a priest in 1948. On 14 August 1979, Acerbi was named Apostolic Nuncio (diplomat of the Holy See) to Colombia, 28 March 1990 to Hungary, 13 January 1994 to Moldova and 8 February 1997 to the Netherlands. He retired on 27 February 2001. He was born in Sesta Godano, Liguria.

## References
## Other websites
* Angelo Acerbi at Catholic-Hierarchy.org
Tetiana Chornovol

**Tetiana Mykolayivna Chornovol** (; born 4 June 1979) is a Ukrainian journalist, politician and activist. In 2014, she was became a member of the Verkhovna Rada, Ukraine's parliament. She was also one of the leaders in the Euromaidan protests in 2013–14. She is known for  reports about corruption in Ukraine.

Chornovol was born in Kyiv. She was married to Mykola Berezovyi until his death in 2014. He died as a  fighter in eastern Ukraine. On 25 December 2013, Chornovol was badly beaten after her car was rammed off a road outside Kyiv. She made a .

## References
Philip Nitschke

**Philip Haig Nitschke** (born 8 August 1947) is an Australian humanist, writer and former medical doctor. He is the founder and director of the pro-euthanasia group Exit International. He  and  for legal euthanasia in the Northern Territory. There, he assisted four people ending their lives while it was legal. Later, the Government of Australia made it against the law again. He is the author of the books *Killing Me Softly: Voluntary Euthanasia and the Road to the Peaceful Pill* (2005) and *The Peaceful Pill Handbook* (2006). He has been called "Dr Death" by the media.

Nitschke was born in Ardrossan, South Australia. He lives in the Netherlands.

## References
## Other websites
* Exit International
Isle of Palms, South Carolina

**Isle of Palms** is a city in Charleston County, South Carolina, United States. At the 2020 census, the population was 4,347. The city is included within the Charleston-North Charleston metropolitan area.

## References
Tornado outbreak of April 2–3, 1982

. This tornado caused 10 fatalities.]]
The **tornado outbreak of April 2-3, 1982** was a tornado outbreak across the central United States on Friday, April 2, and Saturday, April 3, 1982.

On Friday, April 2, a series of tornadic supercells formed across northeast Texas and southeastern Oklahoma. It produced an F5 tornado in Speer and Broken Bow, Oklahoma. No deaths were reported from this tornado, however, an F4 tornado in Paris, Texas resulted in ten fatalities.

Later in the evening, the supercells that caused the tornadoes moved into Arkansas, causing more deaths in the state. Missouri saw 13 tornadoes during the timeframe. More tornadoes were reported between 8:00 PM on Friday, April 2, and 3:00 PM on Saturday, April 3.

The outbreak killed 29 people and injured 383 others.
Sacred fig

***Ficus religiosa*** or the **sacred fig** is a species of fig on the Indian subcontinent and Indochina. It belongs to *Moraceae*, the fig or mulberry family. It is also known as the **bodhi tree**, **pippala tree**, **peepul tree**,

The sacred fig is considered to have a religious significance in three major religions of the Indian subcontinent: Buddhism, Hinduism and Jainism. It is the type of tree under which Gautama Buddha is believed to have attained enlightenment.  Hindu and Jain ascetics also consider the tree to be sacred and often meditate under them.

It begins life as an epiphyte, and eventually surrounds and outlives its host tree. The kind of growth is like dozens of vertical trunks stuck together. In the middle may be a space where the original tree
of another species once grew.

 

## References
Abbasanta

**Abbasanta** (*Abbasànta*) is a town and *comune* (municipality) in the Province of Oristano in Sardinia, Italy. As of 2016, 2,729 people lived there. Its area is 39.85&nbsp;km². It is 315 meters above sea level.

## References 
## Other websites
The Pokémon Company

**The Pokémon Company** is a Japanese company founded in 1998 by the same makers of the Pokémon franchise. The Pokémon Company's headquarters is in Tokyo, Japan at the Pokémon Center. It is home to Pokémon toys, games, and other stuff that belongs to the Pokémon franchise. The Pokémon Center is also a mall where people buy goodies and gifts from the Pokémon franchise.

Pikachu is the mascot of The Pokémon Company.

The Pokémon Company also has trading card game booster packs and comics. Some examples of things manufactured by The Pokémon Company include figures, costumes and handheld video games. 

It was founded in April 1998 to run Pokémon Center stores in Japan and expanded to the entire franchise in October 2000, rebranding to its current name. The company is based in the Roppongi Hills Mori Tower in Tokyo.

The company has subsidiaries for different regions, with Pokémon Company International managing operations outside Asia. This includes brand management, licensing, marketing, the Pokémon Trading Card Game, and the official Pokémon website in areas like America and Europe.

## References
Aglientu

**Aglientu** (''Santu Francìscu di l'Aglièntu*) is a town and *comune'' (municipality) in the Province of Sassari in Sardinia, Italy. As of 2016, 1,171 people lived there. Its area is 148.19&nbsp;km². It is 420 meters above sea level.

## References 
## Other websites
SmoshCast

The **SmoshMouth** is a podcast made by Smosh family members. When Mythical Entertainment bought Smosh, SmoshCast was created. The show was revamped in 2023.  Each Monday a new episode is released on iTunes. Amanda Lehan-Canto and Shayne Topp host alongside guests from the Smosh family as well as other internet personalities. The censored episode is then uploaded on Friday to YouTube.

## Series overview 
### Season 1
## Recurring Guests
*Ian Hecox - 36 episodes
*Courtney Miller - 24 episodes
*Shayne Topp - 23 episodes
*Damien Haas - 13 episodes
*Noah Grossman - 8 episodes
*Olivia Sui - 7 episodes
*Mari Takahashi - 7 episodes
*Keith Leak, Jr. - 5 episodes
*Matt Raub - 5 episodes
*Sarah Whittle - 4 episodes
*David "Lasercorn" Moss - 4 episodes
*Monica Vasandani - 3 episodes
*Tommy Bowe - 2 episodes
*Ryan Todd - 2 episodes
*Joshua "Joven" Ovenshire - 2 episodes

## References
Cho Yang-ho

**Cho Yang-ho** (; 8 March 1949 – 7 April 2019), also known as ** Y. H. Cho**, was a South Korean businessman. He was the chairman and chief executive officer (CEO) of Korean Air, South Korea's flag carrier and largest airline. He served as chairman of the Hanjin Group. He was also a founding member of the SkyTeam airline alliance. He was born in Incheon, Gyeonggi.

Cho died on 7 April 2019 after an illness in Los Angeles, California, United States. He was 70.

## References
Collège La Cité

**La Cité**, previously called La Cité collégiale, is a French language college in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.

## Other websites
* Official website
Jim Glaser

**James William Glaser** (December 16, 1936 – April 6, 2019) was an American country music artist. He was a singer-songwriter and guitarist. 
## Biography
Glaser was born in Spalding, Nebraska. He was the brother of fellow country musicians Chuck and Tompall Glaser. With his brothers, he was a member of the group Tompall & the Glaser Brothers. He was also a solo artist. In 1984, his single, "You're Gettin' to Me Again" reached No. 1 on *Billboard*s Hot Country Songs. He was named as Best New Male Vocalist by the Academy of Country Music in 1984. 

Glaser died of a heart attack on April 6, 2019. He was 82.

## References
Lloyd McDermott

**Lloyd Clive McDermott** (11 November 1939 – 6 April 2019) was an Australian rugby player and lawyer. He was Australia's first indigenous barrister. He was also the second indigenous person to represent his country in rugby union (after Cecil Ramalli). He played two matches for the Wallabies against New Zealand's All Blacks in 1962. He later played rugby league for a short time. He was born in Eidsvold, Queensland.

McDermott died on 6 April 2019 in Sydney, New South Wales. He was 79.

## References
Joe Dolce

**Joseph Dolce** (born 13 October 1947) is an American-born Australian singer-songwriter, poet and essayist. He had international fame with the 1980 hit song "Shaddap You Face". The song sold millions worldwide was  under the name of his one-man show called **Joe Dolce Music Theatre**. "Shaddap You Face" was charted at No. 1 in many countries including Australia, France, Germany, New Zealand and the United Kingdom. It is Australia's most  single in terms of sales (450,000 units as of 2013).

Dolce was born in Painesville, Ohio. His parents were Italian-Americans. He moved to Melbourne, Victoria in 1978.

## Related pages
*List of poets from Oceania
*List of poets from North America

## References
## Other websites
* 
*
Empty Homes Tax

An **Empty Homes Tax** Is a tax on homes that are not lived in for more than six months of the year. A home that is lived in by its owner or a tenant for at least six months does not have to pay this tax. 

## Province of British Columbia 
The Province of British Columbia, Canada charges an empty homes tax. The rate of the tax which is charged depends on if you are a Citizen of Canada. This tax is not the same as the City of Vancouver's empty homes tax.   

## Vancouver, British Columbia 
In the Canadian city of Vancouver, the empty home tax is one percent of the assessed value of the home.  A  CBC report said that rental vacancy rate rose only 0.1% after the tax started. The report also said that the tax was going to bring the city $38 million. The city spent  $10 million putting this new tax in 2018 into effect.

## Santa Cruz, California
In the City of Santa Cruz a group is trying to put a measure for an empty home tax for the November 2022 ballot. The group has registered with the California Secretary of State as a ballot measure committee to support the passage of the ballot measure. The "Empty Home Tax" would create a tax on homes that are lived in  for less than 120 days of the calendar year. A home that is lived in by owner or tenant for at least 120 days do not have to pay this tax. This tax also does not apply to homes whose owners have hardships such going into long term care, long hospital stays and other reasons. 

## Related pages
* Speculation and vacancy tax

## References
## Other websites
* Official website (Vancouver)
Victorian Socialists

The **Victorian Socialists** is a political party in Australia made in 2018. It is a socialist party that focuses on housing, public transport, and worker's rights. It has links to trade unions.

## References
Sammy Hagar

, July 2008]]
**Samuel Roy Hagar** (born October 13, 1947), nicknamed "**The Red Rocker**", is an American singer, songwriter and guitarist. He became famous in the 1970s, as the lead singer of the hard rock band Montrose. He then had a  solo career. He had a hit single in 1984 with "I Can't Drive 55". He  David Lee Roth as the lead singer of Van Halen in 1985. He left the group in 1996. He later returned to the band for a two-year reunion from 2003 to 2005. On March 12, 2007, Hagar was added into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a member of Van Halen.

Hagar was born in Salinas, California. He is of Irish and Italian ancestry. He was married to his first wife Betsy Berardi from 1968 until their divorce in 1994. Berardi and Hagar have two sons together. He married Kari in 1995. The couple have two daughters.

## References
## Other websites
* 
*