open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Ransom (1975 movie)

***Ransom*** is a 1974 British thriller movie directed by Caspar Wrede and starring Sean Connery, Ian McShane, Christopher Ellison, Jeffry Wickham, Isabel Dean, Robert Harris. It was distributed by 20th Century Fox.

## Other websites
* 
*
Latifur Rahman (businessman)

**Latifur Rahman** (28 August 1945 –  1 July 2020) was a Bangladeshi businessman. From 2014 to 2017, he was a member of the International Chamber of Commerce. He was the chairman of Transcom Group.

Rahman died from an illness at his home in the Comilla District, Bangladesh at the age of 74.

## References
## Other websites
* 
*
Whiteville, North Carolina

**Whiteville** is a city in Columbus County, North Carolina, United States. The population was 4,766 at the 2020 census. It is the largest city in Columbus County and is the county seat.

## References
Eva Clayton

**Eva McPherson Clayton** (born September 16, 1934) is an American Democratic politician. When she was elected to the United States House of Representatives in 1992, Clayton became the first African American to represent North Carolina in the House since 1898. She retired from politics in 2003.

## References
Cumberland County, North Carolina

**Cumberland County** is a county located in the U.S. state of North Carolina. As of the 2020 census, the population was 334,728, making it the fifth-most populous county in North Carolina. Its county seat is Fayetteville.

## References
G. K. Butterfield

**George Kenneth Butterfield Jr.** (born April 27, 1947) is an American politician. In 2004, he was elected to the U.S. Representative for North Carolina's 1st congressional district. He is a member of the Democratic Party.

Butterfield was appointed to be an Associate Justice of the North Carolina Supreme Court by Governor Mike Easley in 2001. He is a member of the Congressional Black Caucus and was its chair from 2015 to 2017.

In November 2021, Butterfield announced his retirement and would not run for re-election in 2022.

## References
Ida (movie)

***Ida*** is a 2013 Polish Danish French British drama movie directed by Paweł Pawlikowski and starring Agata Kulesza, Agata Trzebuchowska, Dawid Ogrodnik, Jerzy Trela. It was distributed by Solopan and was nominated for 2 Oscars and won an Academy Award in 2015.

## Other websites
*
West Mercia Police

**West Mercia Police** is a territorial police service that polices Herefordshire, Shropshire and Worcestershire. It was known as **West Mercia Constabulary** until it was renamed in 2009. Its name comes from the area it polices formerly being the western part of the Anglo-Saxon kingdom of Mercia.

It was formed on 1 October 1967. It was created when Worcestershire Constabulary, Herefordshire Constabulary, Shropshire Constabulary, and Worcester City Police merged together.

It is the fourth largest police service in England and Wales.

The service has around 2,000 police officers, 200 police community support officers, 1,500 police staff, and 400 special officers.

Their headquarters is at Hindlip Hall on the outskirts of the city of Worcester.

## Gallery

File:Policehelm_West_Mercia_Constabulary.jpg|West Mercia Police helmet
File:Hindlip_-_11.jpg|West Mercia Police HQ, Worcester
File:England_-_West_Mercia_Constabulary_(bell)_(6505643385).jpg|West Mercia Police Bell
The Changeling (movie)

***The Changeling*** is a 1980 Canadian horror movie directed by Peter Medak and starring George C. Scott, Trish Van Devere, Melvyn Douglas, John Colicos, Jean Marsh, Roberta Maxwell. It was distributed by ITC Entertainment.

## Other websites
* 
*
RFC Liège

**Royal Football Club de Liège** (**RFC Liège**) is a Belgian football club from the city of Liège. It currently plays in the Belgian First Amateur Division. The club was also known for being 'homeless' between 1995 and 2015, but is now playing on its own ground in Rocourt. 

## Other websites
* Official website
* Unofficial website
* Club history website
* statistics website
Utz

***Utz*** is a 1992 German Italian British drama movie directed by George Sluizer and based on the 1988 novel of the same name by Bruce Chatwin. It stars Armin Mueller-Stahl, Brenda Fricker, Peter Riegert, Paul Scofield and was distributed by First Run Pictures.

## Other websites
*
Pei Chi Juan

**Pei Chi Juan** (born  10 August 1983) is a Taiwanese volleyball player. She played for the Chinese Taipei women's national volleyball team. She played at the 2006 FIVB Volleyball Women's World Championship and 2006 Asian Games.

She played for National Taipei University of Education's women's volleyball team.

## References
Kimberly Exner

**Kimberly Exner** (born 16 July 1977) is a Canadian volleyball player. She is part of the Canadian women's national volleyball team. She competed at the 2002 FIVB Volleyball Women's World Championship.

She played for Eastern Washington University's women's volleyball team.

## References
Ivo Banac

**Ivo Banac** (; 1 March 1947 – 30 June 2020) was a Croatian-American historian. He was a professor of European history at Yale University. He was a politician of the former Liberal Party in Croatia. Banac was a consultant for the Bosnian Institute. In 1990, he became a member of the Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts. He was President of the Liberal Party (2003–2004) and MP (2003–2008).

Banac died on 30 June 2020, aged 73.

## References
## Other websites
* Ivo Banac - Detalji znanstvenika   (Scientist profile at the Ruđer Bošković Institute)
Tim Brooks (wrestler)

**Timothy Paul Brooks** (December 4, 1947 &ndash; June 30, 2020) was an American professional wrestler. He was better-known by his ring name **"Killer" Tim Brooks**. He competed in North American regional promotions such as in the National Wrestling Alliance (NWA), Pacific Northwest Wrestling (PNW) World Wrestling Council and World Class Championship Wrestling (WCCW) and Southwest Championship Wrestling (SWCW) during the 1970s and 1980s. Brooks was born in Dallas, Texas.

Brooks died on June 30, 2020 at his home in Waxahachie, Texas from cancer at the age of 72.

## References
## Other websites
*Online World of Wrestling profile 
*CageMatch profile
G20

The **G20** (or **Group of Twenty**) is an international forum for the governments and central bank governors from 19 countries and the **European Union** (EU). It was founded in 1999. The goal is to coordinate global policy on trade, health climate and other prominent issues as well as promoting international financial stability.

Together, the nations of the G20 account for almost 80% of the global economic output. The figures have remained stable, while the G7 is shrinking.

Since the November 2011 Cannes summit, G20` summits have been held annually.

## Current G20 Leaders

File:President of Angola João Lourenço during a bilateral exchange at the Angola presidential palace in Luanda, Angola, September 27, 2023 - 230927-D-PM193-1914 (cropped).jpg| African Union João Lourenço, Chairperson
File:Javier Milei en el Salón Blanco 2 (cropped) (2).jpg| **Argentina**Javier Milei,President
File:Anthony Albanese portrait (cropped).jpg| **Australia**Anthony Albanese,Prime Minister
File:Foto oficial de Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva (estreita).jpg| **Brazil**Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva,President
File:Prime Minister Mark Carney June 2025.jpg| **Canada**Mark Carney,Prime Minister
File:Xi Jinping 2019.jpg| **China**Xi Jinping,President
File:Emmanuel Macron January 2022.jpg| **France**Emmanuel Macron,President
File:Friedrich Merz June 2025.jpg| **Germany**Friedrich Merz,Chancellor
File:Prime Minister Modi in July 2021.jpg| **India**Narendra Modi,Prime Minister
File:Prabowo Subianto 2024 official portrait.jpg| **Indonesia**Prabowo Subianto,President
File:Giorgia Meloni Official 2023 (cropped).jpg| **Italy**Giorgia Meloni,Prime Minister
File:Sanae Takaichi 20251021 (cropped) 1.jpg| **Japan**Sanae Takaichi,Prime Minister
File:President Lee Jae-Myung June 2025.jpg| **South Korea**Lee Jae-myung,President
File:Claudia Sheinbaum con la banda presidencial (cropped) (2).jpg| **Mexico**Claudia Sheinbaum,President
File:Владимир Путин (13-11-2021) (cropped).jpg| **Russia**Vladimir Putin,President
File:Salman of Saudi Arabia - 2020 (49563590728) (cropped).jpg| **Saudi Arabia**Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud,King
File:Cyril Ramaphosa - President of South Africa - 2018 (cropped).jpg| **South Africa**Cyril Ramaphosa,President
File:Recep Tayyip Erdogan (2020-01-19) 01.jpg| **Turkey**Recep Tayyip Erdoğan,President
File:Prime Minister Sir Keir Starmer Official Portrait (cropped).jpg| **United Kingdom**Keir Starmer,Prime Minister
File:Official Presidential Portrait of President Donald J. Trump (2025).jpg| **United States**Donald Trump,President
File:Antonio Costa Portrait 2024 (cropped).jpg| **European Union**António Costa,President of theEuropean Council
File:Official Portrait of Ursula von der Leyen (cropped).jpg| **European Union**Ursula von der Leyen,President of theEuropean Commission 

## Related pages
* G7
* G8
* NATO
* African Union
* United States
* United Nations
* United Kingdom
* European Union

## Notes
## References
Mike Easley

**Michael Francis Easley** (born March 23, 1950) is an American lawyer and politician. He was the 72nd Governor of the U.S. state of North Carolina from January 2001 to January 2009. He is the first  governor of North Carolina to have been convicted of a felony.

He is a member of the Democratic Party. Easley was North Carolina's second Catholic governor.

## References
Preserved counties of Wales

of Wales]]

Wales is split into eight **preserved counties**. They are areas used for the ceremonial purposes of lieutenancy and shrievalty.

Between 1974 and 1996, they were used for local government purposes.

Seven of the eight preserved counties are now split into counties and principal areas. Powys is the only one that still exists.
Inkster, Michigan

**Inkster** is a city in Wayne County in the U.S. state of Michigan. At the 2020 census, the city population was 26,088.

## References
Montrose, Georgia

**Montrose** is a town in Laurens County, Georgia, United States. The population was 203 at the 2020 census.

## References
Dublin, Georgia

**Dublin** is a city in Laurens County, Georgia, United States. As of the 2020 census, the city had a population of 16,074. It is the county seat of Laurens County.

## References
Hui Chen Chen

**Hui Chen Chen** (born 23 April 1988) is a Taiwanese volleyball player. She played for the Chinese Taipei women's national volleyball team. She played at the 2006 FIVB Volleyball Women's World Championship and 2006 Asian Games.

She played for National Kaohsiung Normal University's women's volleyball team.

## References
Lisbet Arredondo Reyes

**Lisbet Arredondo Reyes** (born  22 November 1987) is a Cuban female volleyball player. She played for the Cuba women's national volleyball team. She played at the 2006 FIVB Volleyball Women's World Championship, 2009 Women's NORCECA Volleyball Championship, 2009 Pan-American Games, 2007 Montreux Volley Masters, 2009 Montreux Volley Masters, 2010 Montreux Volley Masters, and 2010 FIVB Volleyball Women's World Championship.

She played for Villa Clara, Volejbol Kluby Šygys, Yeşilyurt, Gresik Petrokimia Volleyball Club, Hämeenlinnan Pallokerho Naiset, CV Logroño, and IBSA Palmas.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Former Cuban National Team member Lisbet Arredondo Reyes to reinforce Generika Ayala Lifesavers
Lukman Niode

**Lukman Niode** (21 October 1963 – 17 April 2020) was an Indonesian swimmer. He competed in three events at the 1984 Summer Olympics, but was eliminated in the heats in all three events.

Lukman died on 17 April 2020 in Pelni Hospital in Jakarta at the age of 56, due to COVID-19.

## References
## Other websites
* 
* 
*
Dyfed

**Dyfed** (pronounced *Durv-ed*) is one of the eight preserved counties of Wales.

It was created on 1 April 1974 when Cardiganshire, Carmarthenshire and Pembrokeshire came together. In 1996, it was abolished and Cardiganshire, Carmarthenshire and Pembrokeshire were made into seperate counties once again. The next day, Cardiganshire was renamed to its current name, Ceredigion.

It was a very rural county and was located in the south-west of Wales. It had a border on the Irish Sea and the Bristol Channel. It bordered Gwynedd to the north, Powys to the east and West Glamorgan to the south-east.

The county's county town was Carmarthen but the largest town was Llanelli. The university town of Aberystwyth was also inside the county.

The name Dyfed is still used today, for example in the name Dyfed–Powys Police.
Rebecca Ngo Nkot

**Rebecca Rose Ngo Nkot** (born  10 August 1984) is a Cameroonian volleyball player. She played for the Cameroon women's national volleyball team. She played at the 2006 FIVB Volleyball Women's World Championship,

She played for INJS Yaoundé, AES Sonel VB, Melun-La Rochette, and ES Meylan La Tronche.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Rebecca Rose NGO NKOT,  chouettes.supporters.free.fr/
Robert L. Carroll

**Robert "Bob" Lynn Carroll** (May 5, 1938 – April 8, 2020) was an American–Canadian vertebrate paleontologist. His works focused on Paleozoic and Mesozoic amphibians and reptiles. He was born in Kalamazoo, Michigan.

Carroll died on April 8, 2020 in Westmount, Quebec from COVID-19, aged 81.

## References
Aptripel Tumimomor

**Aptripel Tumimomor** (April 3, 1966 – April 2, 2020) was an Indonesian politician, businessman and engineer. He was the Regent of North Morowali Regency, in Central Sulawesi, from February 17, 2016, until his death. Tumimomor was born in Kolonodale, Central Sulawesi. Tumimomor owned several businesses, including hotels in Kendari, plantations in Mamuju Regency, and a construction company.

Tumimomor died at a hospital in Makassar from COVID-19 on April 2, 2020 at the age of 53.

## References
Michelle Nogueras

**Michelle Nogueras** (born 5 December 1988) is a Puerto Rican female volleyball player. She was part of the Puerto Rico women's national volleyball team at the 2010 FIVB World Championship, 2010 FIVB World Grand Prix, 2011 Women's NORCECA Volleyball Championship, 2012 FIVB World Grand Prix, 2013 FIVB World Grand Prix, and 2013 Women's Pan-American Volleyball Cup.

She played for Criollas de Caguas.

## References
Pakistan Stock Exchange attack

On 29 June 2020, the Balochistan Liberation Army (BLA) separatist militants attacked the Pakistan Stock Exchange (PSX) building in Karachi with grenades and by firing their guns. They killed three security guards and a police sub-inspector. They injured seven other people. 

Police reported that they killed all four attackers within 8 minutes by headshot.

## References
Princess Diana of Bourbon-Parma

**Princess Diana Margherita of Bourbon-Parma** (*Diane Marguerite de Bourbon-Parme* in French; 22 May 1932 – 7 May 2020) was a French aristocrat. She was a member of the House of Bourbon-Parma, a cadet branch of the Spanish royal family. She was born in Paris.

On 15 March 1955 she married Prince Franz Josef Hubertus Maria Meinrad Michael of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen, son of Frederick, Prince of Hohenzollern, in a civil ceremony London. She and Prince Franz Josef divorced in 1961. 

Princess Diana died in Hamburg on 7 May 2020 from COVID-19 during pandemic in Germany, aged 87. Her first cousin Princess María Teresa of Bourbon-Parma died in March 2020 from the same infection.

## References
Clwyd

**Clwyd** (pronounced *Cloid*) is one of the eight preserved counties of Wales.

It was created in 1974 and was named after the River Clwyd which flowed through it. In 1996, it was abolished and four new unitary authorities were created. These were Wrexham County Borough, Conwy County Borough, Denbighshire, and Flintshire. Clwyd became a preserved county.

It was in the north-east of Wales. To the north, it bordered the Irish Sea. To the north-east, it shared a maritime border with the English county of Merseyside, across the River Dee. To the east, it bordered Cheshire and bordered Shropshire to the south-east, both also in England. To the south, it bordered Powys and bordered Gwynedd to the west.

Clwyd's county town was Mold, which is today part of Flintshire. The county's largest town was Wrexham, which is today its own borough.
Noami Santos

**Noami Santos-Lamb** (born 29 November 1993) is a Puerto Rican female volleyball player. She was part of the Puerto Rico women's national volleyball team at the 2010 FIVB World Championship, 2016 FIVB World Grand Prix, 2017 FIVB Volleyball World Grand Prix, and 2018 FIVB Volleyball Women's World Championship.

She played for the University of Florida's women's volleyball. and San Juan.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Noami Santos - Player Info
Saguache, Colorado

The historic town of **Saguache** is a Statutory Town that is the county seat of Saguache County, Colorado, United States.  The population was 539 at the 2020 U.S. Census.

## References
Center, Colorado

**Center**, officially the **Town of Center**, is a Statutory Town in Rio Grande and Saguache counties in the U.S. state of Colorado. The town's population was 1,929 at the 2020 United States Census.

## References
Del Norte, Colorado

The **Town of Del Norte** is a Statutory Town that is the county seat of Rio Grande County, Colorado, United States. The town's name is generally pronounced /ˈdɛl nɔɹt/. The town population was 1,458 at the 2020 census.

## References
Española, New Mexico

**Española**  is a city in Rio Arriba County, New Mexico, in the United States. A part of the city is in Santa Fe County. It was founded as a capital for Nuevo México in 1598 as ***San Juan de los Caballeros***. It has been called the first capital city in the United States. At the 2020 census, the city had a total population of 10,526.

## References
Paola Ramírez

**Paola Ramírez Vargas** (born 23 February 1987) is a Costa Rican volleyball player. She was part of the Costa Rica women's national volleyball team at the 2006 FIVB Volleyball Women's World Championship, 2008 Women's Pan-American Volleyball Cup, 2009 Women's Pan-American Volleyball Cup, and 2013 Women's Pan-American Volleyball Cup. 

She played for Universidad Estatal a Distancia.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Paola Ramírez Vargas - Costa Rica BVB
William Wyler

**William Wyler** (; born **Willi Wyler** (); July 1, 1902 – July 27, 1981) was a German-Swiss movie director, producer and screenwriter. 

His best known works were *Ben-Hur* (1959), *The Best Years of Our Lives* (1946), and *Mrs. Miniver* (1942), all of which won Academy Awards for Best Director, as well as Best Picture.

## Notes
Margaret Tallichet

**Margaret  "Talli" Tallichet** (March 13, 1914 &ndash; May 3, 1991) was an American actress. She was the wife of movie director William Wyler. Her best-known leading role was with Peter Lorre in the noir movie *Stranger on the Third Floor* (1940).

Tallichet died at her home in Los Angeles on May 3, 1991 from cancer, aged 77.

## References
Jim Henderson (politician)

**Donald James Henderson** (August 7, 1940 – May 2, 2020) was a Canadian politician. He was a Liberal member of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario from 1985 to 1995. He represented the ridings of Humber and Etobicoke—Humber. He was born in Sudbury, Ontario.

Henderson died in Toronto on May 2, 2020 from problems caused by Parkinson's disease and COVID-19, aged 79.

## References
Beate Grimsrud

**Beate Grimsrud** (28 April 1963 &ndash; 1 July 2020) was a Norwegian novelist and playwright. She was born in Bærum. Her best known books are *Continental Heaven* from 1993, *Å smyge forbi en øks* from 1998, and *Søvnens lekkasje * from 2007. 

Her novel *En dåre fri* from 2010 was awarded the Norwegian Critics Prize for Literature. She wrote the script for the movie *Ballen i øyet* from 2000. She was awarded the Dobloug Prize in 2011.

Grimsrud died of breast cancer on 1 July 2020, aged 57.

## References
Jennifer Hinze

**Jennifer Hinze** (born 20 May 1988) is a Canadian volleyball player. She is part of the Canadian women's national volleyball team. She competed at the 2009 Women's Pan-American Volleyball Cup, 2010 Women's Pan-American Volleyball Cup, 2010 FIVB Volleyball Women's World Championship, and 2011 Women's NORCECA Volleyball Championship.

She played for University of British Columbia's women's volleyball team. She was born and raised in Vancouver, British Columbia.

## References
Le Cordon Bleu

**Le Cordon Bleu**  (French for "The Blue Ribbon") is an international chain of hospitality and culinary schools teaching French cuisine. It focuses on hospitality management, culinary arts, and gastronomy. The institution is made of 35 institutes in 20 countries and has over 20,000 students of many different nationalities.

## References
The Lake of Thinking

***The Lake of Thinking*** (, translit.&nbsp;I limni ton pothon, also known as ***The Lagoon of Desire***) is a 1958 Greek drama movie directed by Giorgos Zervos and starring Tzeni Karezi, Giorgos Fountas, Eleni Zafeiriou, Koula Agagiotou, Christoforos Nezer.

## Other websites
*
Nadine Alphonse

**Nadine Alphonse** (born 22 July 1983) is a Canadian volleyball player. She is part of the Canadian women's national volleyball team. She competed at the 2007 Women's Pan-American Volleyball Cup, 2008 Women's Pan-American Volleyball Cup, 2009 Women's Pan-American Volleyball Cup, 2009 Women's NORCECA Volleyball Championship, and 2010 FIVB Volleyball Women's World Championship.

## References
Tammy Mahon

**Tammy Louise Mahon** (born 4 November 1980) is a Canadian volleyball player. She is part of the Canadian women's national volleyball team. She competed at the 2003 FIVB World Grand Prix, 2004 Women's Pan-American Volleyball Cup, 2005 Women's Pan-American Volleyball Cup, 2006 Women's Pan-American Volleyball Cup, 2007 Women's Pan-American Volleyball Cup, 2007 Women's NORCECA Volleyball Championship, 2008 Women's Pan-American Volleyball Cup, 2009 Women's Pan-American Volleyball Cup, 2010 Women's Pan-American Volleyball Cup, 2011 Women's Pan-American Volleyball Cup, and 2011 Pan American Games.

She played for the University of Manitoba's women's volleyball team and Panathinaikos. 

## References
AmphibiaWeb

**AmphibiaWeb** is an American non-profit website that shows information about amphibians, for example frogs and salamanders. It is run by a group of universities working with the California Academy of Sciences: San Francisco State University, the University of California at Berkeley, University of Florida at Gainesville, and University of Texas at Austin.

AmphibiaWeb's goal is to provide an information page for every species of amphibian in the world so research scientists, citizen scientists and people who want to help the environment can work together.  It added its 7000th animal in 2012, a glass frog from Peru.  As of 2022, it hosted more than 8,400 species from all over the world.

## Beginning
Scientist David Wake founded AmphibiaWeb in 2000.  He founded it at the Digital Library Project at the University of California at Berkeley in 2000.  It was a class project.

## Uses
AmphibiaWeb gives information to the IUCN, CalPhotos, Encyclopedia of Life and iNaturalist. *The European Journal of Taxonomy*, *Amino Acids* and *The Journal of Ethnopharmacology*.

Many libraries recommend AmphibiaWeb to readers, including UNLV University Libraries, Stony Brook University Libraries, the College of Wooster Libraries and James Cook University Libraries.

## Related pages
* Endangered species
* Amphibians

## Other websites
*AmphibiaWeb

## References
Jacques F. Acar

**Jacques F. Acar** (13 April 1931 – 27 March 2020) was a French doctor and microbiologist who specialized in antibiotics.

In 1966, Acar became head of the Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases at the Hôpital Saint-Joseph in Paris, staying there until 1999. At the same time, he was head of Medical Microbiology at the Hôpital Broussais. He was a professor of medical microbiology at Pierre and Marie Curie University from 1973 until 1980, and was head of that department from 1980 to 2000.

Acar was President of the World Health Organization's taskforce on antimicrobial resistance from 1992 to 1996. He was editor-in-chief of *Clinical Microbiology and Infection* from 1995 to 2000, and an expert for the World Organisation for Animal Health from 1999 until his death.

Acar died at a Paris hospital on 27 March 2020 from COVID-19, aged 88.

## References
Peron's tree frog

'''Peron's tree frog** or **emerald-spotted tree frog'''

The adult frog can be as big as 65 mm long from nose to rear end.  It lives in forests, grasslands and swamps.  It has sometimes been seen in northwestern Australia, far from its natural range.  Citizen scientists from Frogwatch SA think this is because people keep Peron's tree frogs as pets and then they either escape or are set free.

This frog lays eggs in temporary bodies of water. The tadpoles are yellow with stripes.

## References
Reassortment

**Reassortment** is mixing of the genetic material of a species into new combinations in different individuals. 

There are several ways this happens. The term is  used when two similar viruses infecting the same cell exchange genetic material. In particular, reassortment occurs among influenza viruses. Their genomes have eight segments of RNA. These segments act like mini-chromosomes: each time a flu virus is assembled, it needs one copy of each segment.

A single host (a human, a chicken, or other animal) may be infected by two different strains of the influenza virus. Then it is possible that new assembled viral particles will be made from segments whose origin is mixed, some coming from one strain and some coming from another. The new reassorted strain will share properties from both  parental lineages.

Reassortment is responsible for some of the major changes in the history of the influenza virus. The 1957 and 1968 pandemic flu strains were caused by reassortment between an avian virus and a human virus. The H1N1 virus responsible for the 2009 swine flu pandemic has an unusual mix of swine, avian and human influenza genetic sequences.

There are other examples, but this is enough to indicate why reassortment causes such dangerous illness.  

If any of a virus’s genome segments is damaged in such a way as to prevent replication or expression of an essential gene, the virus is inviable when it, alone, infects a host cell (single infection).  However when two or more damaged viruses infect the same cell (multiple infection), the infection may succeed due to reassortment of segments. Each of the eight genome segments may be present in at least one undamaged copy.

## References
Burmese amber

**Burmese amber**, or **Burmite** or **Kachin amber**, is amber from the Hukawng Valley in northern Myanmar. It is important for its fossils from the earliest part of the Upper Cretaceous, in the Cenomanian age, 99 million years ago. The amber has been commercially exploited since the first century AD. Research on the deposit may fund internal conflict in Myanmar. 

The amber has flora and fauna especially arthropods such as  insects and arachnids. There are also birds, lizards, snakes, frogs and fragments of dinosaur remains. 

The fossils arachnids in the amber include:
*44 families of spiders.
*20 families of mites.
*5 families of Opiliones (mites, harvestmen, daddy longlegs)
*12 families of pseudoscorpions
*7 families of scorpions
*5 families of ticks
*1 genus of short-tailed whipscorpion (Schizomida)
*1 genus of Palpigradi
*1 genus of Amblypygi 
*1 genus of camel spider 
*2 genera of whip scprpions
*3 genera of hooded tickspiders
15 families of myriapods are in the amber

8 families of Entognatha are known

29 orders of insects are known, including:
*50+ families of Hymenoptera
*47 families of flies (Diptera)
*89 families of beetles (Coleoptera)
*21 families of Neuroptera (such as lacewings, antlions, etc)
*65 families of Hemiptera (true bugs)
*20 families of Dictyoptera
And 16 more smaller families.

Other groups of invertebrates include:
*Nematodes
*Nematomorpha
*Molluscs

There are some vertebrates:

*A well preserved theropod dinosaur tail, with preserved feathers.
*Fossils of enantiornithine birds including juveniles and partial wings and preserved feet, including a diagnostic taxon, *Elektorornis*. 
*A complete skull of the bizarre avialan or lizard *Oculudentavis* is known. 
**Electrorana* is a well preserved frog known from the amber. 
*Other notable specimens include an embryonic snake. 
*Several species of lizard were described from the deposit including a gecko with preserved toe pads (*Cretaceogekko*). 
*One of the specimens was initially described to be a chamelonid, actually turned out to be an albanerpetonid amphibian.

## References
Megan Anderson (fighter)

**Megan Anderson** (born 11 February 1990) is an Australian mixed martial artist. She fought in the Ultimate Fighting Championship and is the former Invicta FC featherweight champion. Of her 16 MMA fights, she was won 11 bouts and lost five.

Anderson was born on the Gold Coast, Queensland. She lives in the US state of Missouri.

## References
## Other websites
*UFC profile
Cleon

**Cleon** (;  *Kleon*, ; died 422 BCE) was an Athenian politician and general known for his support of the Peloponnesian War. The historian Thucydides writes that Cleon was a demagogue and that he once ordered the Athenians to massacre an entire city for rebelling against Athens.

Cleon also dragged Aristophanes to court to prosecute him for his play The Babylonians. Aristophanes at the beginning of his next play The Acharnians said he would have revenge on Cleon. Aristophanes also wrote a comedy called The Knights to try and convince the people not to re-elect Cleon and another called The Wasps about Cleon being a populist.

According to Aristotle, Cleon was the first one who would shout down anyone who disagreed with him and accuse any and all opponents of being essentially traitors to ‘the people’ and who did everything he could to convince the people that the only way for them to have power was to let him do what he wanted even if it were against the Constitution (false and unsourceable).
Death of an Angel

***Death of an Angel*** is a 1986 American drama movie directed by Petru Popescu and starring Bonnie Bedelia, Leonard Lewis, Alex Colon, Abel Franco, Nick Mancuso. It was distributed by 20th Century Fox.

## Other websites
*
Vomitorium

A **vomitorium** is a hallway or alcove found in ancient Roman buildings.  It is called a vomitorium because it can allow many, many people to enter or leave the building at the same time.  The word in Latin means "place from which things spew forth," or "place that things come out of quickly."

## Real vomitoria
Romans built vomitoria in theaters and stadiums.   One building could have many vomitoria on each floor.  Some modern theaters and stadiums also have vomitoria.  In the 1980s, the Oregon Shakespeare Festival added vomitoria to its Allen Elizabethan Theatre so they could do more things with entrances and exits.

## Myths about vomitoria
Because the name sounds like "vomit" in English, people in the 1800s and 1900s thought a vomitorium was a special room that ancient Romans would go to during feasts.  They would throw up in that room to empty their stomachs so they could return to the feast and eat more.  But this is not true.  Ancient Romans did not build special rooms to vomit in.

## Related pages
* Ancient Rome

## References
Creole peoples

Creole in a Red Turban. Painting from about 1840.]]
In the Middle ages, many Europeans were seafaring nations. They discovered new countries. Creole people are people who descended from people of different ethnic backgrounds. At the start, usually the father was European, and the mother was local. With time, whole societies of such people were formed.

There were three big groups:

* In the former Portuguese colonies,  people mixed rapidly.  The men often didn't find a woman of the same standing, so they married a slave. This meant that by default, their children would also be slaves. The men didn't want that, and many freed the woman they married (and their children).  Such societies developed in Cape Verde, or in Brazil, for example. Today, these people are known as Crioulo.
* In the former Spanish colonies, things developed differently. Only the Spanish people born in the country could become bishop, or governor for example. The mixed people developed into a middle class, which gained a lot of influence. They are known as Criollo today.
* So-called Atlantic creoles traveled with the ships, mostly as translators. Very often one parent was European, the other was from Africa. 

Since about the 18th century, the criollos make up the majority of people in many countries.

## Related pages
* Creole language, a language that is a mix of several languages
Yenisey Gonzalez Dias

**Yenisey Gonzalez Dias** (born  22 November 1987) is a Cuban female volleyball player. She played for the Cuba women's national volleyball team. She played at the 2006 FIVB Volleyball Women's World Championship, 2007 FIVB Women's World Cup, and 2008 Summer Olympic Games qualifications.

She played for La Habana, She served on the IOC Committee.

## References 
## Other websites 
* yumilka ruiz luaces getty
Edinah Rotich

**Edinah Rotich** (born 27 March 1981) is a Kenyan volleyball player. She is part of the Kenyan women's national volleyball team. She competed at the 2007 FIVB Volleyball Women's World Cup,  and 2010 FIVB Volleyball Women's World Championship.

She played for Kenya Commercial Bank and Friends Volleyball Club.

## References
Ilaria Garzaro

**Ilaria Garzaro** (born 29 September 1986 in Noventa Vicentina) is an Italian volleyball player.

She played at the 2010 FIVB World Grand Prix, 2010 FIVB Volleyball Women's World Championship, and 2011 FIVB World Grand Prix.

She played for Riviera Volley and Chateau d'Ax Urbino Volley.

## References
Johana Moore

**Johana Moore** (born 10 March 1978) is a Puerto Rican female volleyball player. She was part of the Puerto Rico women's national volleyball team at the 2002 Central American Caribbean Games, 2006 FIVB Women's World Championship, 2006 Central American and Caribbean Games, and 2009 Women's NORCECA Volleyball Championship.

She played for Desamparados.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Johanna Moore of Costa Rica (#14) spikes getty
Marina Storozhenko

**Marina Storozhenko** (born 6 June 1985) is a Kazakhstani volleyball player.

She played at the 2010 FIVB Volleyball Women's World Championship, 2012 Asian Women's Volleyball Cup, 2013 FIVB World Grand Prix, 2014 Asian Games, 2014 FIVB World Grand Prix, 2014 FIVB Volleyball Women's World Championship, and 2018 FIVB Volleyball Women's World Championship.

She played for VC Zhetysu.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Kazakhstan's libero previews FIVB Grand Prix Group 3 Finals Volleyball World, Aug 15, 2014
Indre Sorokaite

**Indre Sorokaite** (born 2 July 1988) is an Italian volleyball player.

She played at the 2013 Women's European Volleyball Championship, 2013 FIVB World Grand Prix, 2014 FIVB World Grand Prix, 2015 Montreux Volley Masters, 2015 Women's European Volleyball Championship, 2015 FIVB World Grand Prix, 2017 FIVB Volleyball World Grand Prix, 2019 FIVB Volleyball Women's Nations League, and 2019 FIVB Volleyball Women's Club World Championship.

She played for Volley Bergamo and Imoco Volley Conegliano.

## References
Corina Ssuschke-Voigt

**Corina Ssuschke-Voigt** (born 9 May 1983) is a German national volleyball player.

She played at the 2006 FIVB Volleyball Women's World Championship, 2009 FIVB World Grand Prix, 2010 FIVB World Grand Prix, 2011 FIVB World Grand Prix, 2011 FIVB Volleyball Women's World Cup, 2012 FIVB World Grand Prix, and 2013 FIVB World Grand Prix.

She played for Lokomotiv Baku.

## References
João and the Knife

***João and the Knife*** (; ) is a 1972 Brazilian Dutch drama movie directed by George Sluizer and starring Joffre Soares, Ana Maria Miranda, Joao-Augusto Azevedo, Douglas Santos.

## Other websites
*
President of the Federated States of Micronesia

The **President of the Federated States of Micronesia** is the head of government and head of state of the Federated States of Micronesia. The president is elected by the Congress (Legislature) from among its members. Presidents pick cabinet members from the Congress. 

## List
## References
David W. Panuelo

**David W. Panuelo** (born 1964) is a Micronesian politician. He was the ninth President of the Federated States of Micronesia. His term started on 11 May 2019 and ended on 11 May 2023.

## References
Ludwig Finscher

**Ludwig Finscher** (14 March 1930 – 30 June 2020) was a German musicologist. He was a professor of music history at the University of Heidelberg from 1981 to 1995 and editor of the encyclopedia *Die Musik in Geschichte und Gegenwart*. He was born in Kassel, Germany. From 1955 to 1960, he worked as a freelance journalist and music critic in Göttingen. He became an assistant to Walter Wiora in 1960, first at the University of Kiel and from 1965 at the University of Saarbrücken.

Finscher was elected a member of the Academia Europaea in 1992.

Finscher died on 30 June 2020 in Wolfenbüttel, Germany at the age of 90.

## References
Kwadwo Owusu Afriyie

**Kwadwo Owusu Afriyie** (popularly known as **Sir John**) (1957 &ndash; July 1, 2020) was a Ghanaian lawyer and politician. He held several political positions including serving as general secretary of the New Patriotic Party. He was the Chief Executive Officer of Forestry Commission of Ghana from 2018 until his death. He was born in Accra.

Afriyie died on July 1, 2020 from COVID-19 in Accra, aged 63.

## References
David F. Gantt

**David F. Gantt** (September 12, 1941 – July 1, 2020) was an American politician. He was a Democratic member of the New York State Assembly from 1983 until his death in 2020. From 2012 to 2020, he represented the 137th Assembly District. He was born in Opp, Alabama.

Gantt died on July 1, 2020 in Rochester, New York at age 78.

## References
Ida Haendel

**Ida Haendel**,  (15 December 1928 – 1 July 2020) was a Polish-born British violinist. Haendel was a child prodigy. Her career lasted over seven decades. She became an influential teacher. Haendel was born in Chełm, Poland. 

In 1991 she was appointed Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE) by Queen Elizabeth II. She received an honorary doctorate from the Royal College of Music, London in 2000 and from McGill University in 2006.

Haendel died on 1 July 2020 from kidney cancer at her home in Pembroke Park, Florida, aged 91.

## Notes
## References
Max Crook

**Maxfield Doyle Crook** (November 2, 1936 &ndash; July 1, 2020) was an American musician. His music was electronic music in pop.  He was the featured soloist on Del Shannon's 1961 hit "Runaway", which he co-wrote. He invented the Musitron. He also recorded as **Maximilian**. Crook was born in Lincoln, Nebraska and raised in Ann Arbor, Michigan.

Crook died on July 1, 2020 at the age of 83.

## References
## Other websites
*Max Crook at DelShannon.com
*
*Black Cat Rockabilly site
Nadja Schaus

**Nadja Schaus** (born 8 November 1984 in Worms) is a German volleyball player. She played with the Germany women's national volleyball team at the 2009 FIVB World Grand Prix, 2010 FIVB World Grand Prix, 2010 FIVB Volleyball Women's World Championship, 2011 FIVB World Grand Prix, and 2012 FIVB World Grand Prix.

She played for Bayer 04 Leverkusen, Sigel Pallavolo Marsala, and USC Munster.

## References
Michael Drosnin

**Michael Alan Drosnin **(January 31, 1946 &ndash; June 9, 2020) was an American journalist and author. He was best known for his writings on the Bible Code. His writings were a set of secret messages written within the Hebrew text of the Torah. Drosnin was born in New York City. He worked as a journalist for *The Washington Post* (1966–1968) and *The Wall Street Journal* (1969–1970).

Drosnin died on June 9, 2020 from heart disease in New York City, aged 74.

## References
Yoon Sam-yook

**Yoon Sam-yook** (May 25, 1937 – July 2, 2020) was a South Korean movie director and screenwriter. Yoon won Best Screenplay at the 1981, 1985 and 1994 Korean Association of Film Critics Awards for his movies *The Hut* (1981), ''The King's Poison* (1984) and *I Will Survive'' (1993). 

In 2016, he was awarded Lifetime Achievement Award at the 53rd Grand Bell Awards.

He died on 2 July 2020 at the age of 83.

## References
## Other websites
*
Yalkae, a Joker in High School

***Yalkae, a Joker in High School*** () is a 1977 South Korean family comedy movie directed by Seok Rae-myeong and starring Jeong Yun-hui, Hah Myung-joong, Lee Seung-hyeon, Kim Jeong-hun.

## Other websites
*
Barbados men's cricket team

The '''Barbados men's cricket team''' is organised by the Barbados Cricket Association (BCA). Although it is the national team of Barbados, it does not play international matches. The BCA is a member of Cricket West Indies, formerly known as the West Indies Cricket Board (WICB), which represents several Caribbean nations in the International Cricket Council (ICC). Barbadians play internationally for the West Indies.

The team has been active since 1865. It plays its home matches at the Kensington Oval in Bridgetown.

## References
Oka Crisis

The **Oka Crisis** was a time in Canadian history when there was a disagreement between a group of Mohawk people and the town of Oka in Quebec, Canada over land. It lasted 78 days and led to the death of one person. The Oka Crisis is a well-known example of violent conflict between a First Nations group and the Canadian government.

## Background 
The Mohawk people were in the Montreal area starting from the 1700s. In 1717, some land in the Montreal region was given to the Roman Catholic Church to use as a seminary. Part of this land included a Mohawk burial site. In 1868, Joseph Onasakenrat, a leader of the Mohawk, wrote a letter to the seminary that said that part of the land was meant for the Mohawk people to use. A year later, he and some other Mohawk attacked the seminary but were unable to get the land in the end.

In 1936, the seminary sold off the land the Mohawk claimed was theirs.

In 1959, the town of Oka let a golf course be built on part of the disputed land. The Mohawk filed a lawsuit but it didn't go through.

In 1977, a group of Mohawk called the Kanehsatà:ke band filed a land claim with the Office of Native Claims. By filing a land claim, they wanted to be accepted as the owners of the land. They were unable to successfully file a claim.

In 1989, the golf club said they wanted to expand the golf course. The Mohawk people protested and took the club to court.

In 1990, the court approved of the expansion of the golf course.

## Crisis 
The Mohawk set up barricades so that no one could get to the golf course. The mayor of Oka, Jean Ouellette, told them to get off but they refused.

On July 11, Mayor Ouellette called the Quebec provincial police to the town.

## End of Crisis 
Although the Mohawk did not get the land, the golf course was not expanded.
Gwent (county)

**Gwent** is one of the eight preserved counties of Wales.

It was created on 1 April 1974. It was named after the Kingdom of Gwent, an ancient kingdom. In 1996, it was abolished and became five seperate counties and boroughs. These are Blaenau Gwent, Caerphilly, Monmouthshire, City of Newport and Torfaen.

The county bordered the Bristol Channel to the south, the English counties of Herefordshire and Gloucestershire to the east, Powys to the north-west, Mid Glamorgan to the west, and South Glamorgan to the south-west.

The county's county town was Cwmbran, which was the location of its Government HQ. Other settlements in the county included Newport, Abergavenny, and Caerphilly.
Karolina Kosek

**Karolina Kosek Różycka** (born 28 June 1985) is an Polish volleyball player.

She played at the 2009 Summer Universiade, 2010 FIVB Volleyball Women's World Championship, 2011 Women's European Volleyball Championship, and 2013 Women's European Volleyball Championship.

She played for Organika Budowlani, Azerrail Baku, and Budowlani Łódź.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Karolina Kosek, Poland BVB
* Karolina Kosek (L) of Poland drops a shot  zimbio
Battle of Gaugamela

(1898-1899).]]
The **Battle of Gaugamela** (also called **The Battle of Arbela**) was a battle fought between Alexander the Great and the first Persian empire. The battle was fought in 331 BC.  It was  in Gaugamela, a village on the banks of the river Bumodus, north of Arbela (modern-day Erbil, in Iraqi Kurdistan).  It led to the fall of the Achaemenid Empire and of Darius III.

Before this Darius had lost the Battle of Issus where his wife, his mother and his two daughters were captured.

Alexander's small army, about 47,000,  had marched through Mesopotamia. The Persian army was certainly bigger, though there is no agreement about how big it was. They had 15 Indian elephants and some scythed chariots **-** war chariots with scythe blades mounted on each side. These didn't make much difference.

After the battle Darius was murdered by Bessus, the Satrap of Bactria.

## References
Bishop's Castle

'''Bishop's Castle''' is a small market town and civil parish in Shropshire, a county in England. In the 2011 census, it had 1,893 people living there.

The town is close to the border with Powys, a county of Wales. It is 20 miles (30 km) north-west of Ludlow and about 20 miles (30 km) south-west of Shrewsbury, the county town. It is surrounded by hills and in 2008 it won a "Walkers are Welcome Town" award.

It is in a very agricultural area. A lot of old buildings, such as Tudor buildings, still stand in the town. It is known for its diverse community which includes artists, musicians, writers and craftspeople all living in or around the town.

The town's name in Welsh is *Trefesgob* which roughly translates into English as "Bishop's Town".

Bishop's Castle has two small breweries, including the Three Tuns, which is the UK's oldest brewery.

## Gallery

File:Bishops_Castle_-_geograph.org.uk_-_38232.jpg|Bishop's Castle Town Hall
File:Six_Bells_pub_and_brewery,_Bishops_Castle,_Shropshire.JPG|Six Bells public house
File:Bishop%27s_Castle,_High_Street_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1240427.jpg|Bishop's Castle High Street
Ilijana Dugandžić

**Ilijana Dugandžić** (born 17 April 1981) is a Croatian national volleyball player.

She played at the 2005 Women's European Volleyball Championship, 2007 Women's European Volleyball Championship, 2011 Women's European Volleyball Championship, and 2010 FIVB Volleyball Women's World Championship.

She played for Mladost Zagreb and Igtisadchi Baku.

## References
Mirela Bareš

**Mirela Bareš** (born 11 June 1982) is a Croatian national volleyball player.

She played at the 2010 FIVB Volleyball Women's World Championship.

She played for Žok Cestorad and Pivovara Osijek.

## References
Marina Katić

**Marina Katić** (born 1 October 1983) is a Croatian national volleyball player.

She played at the 2009 Women's European Volleyball Championship, 2010 FIVB Volleyball Women's World Championship, and 2015 FIVB World Grand Prix.

She played for Igtisadchi Baku, MKS Dąbrowa Górnicza, and Imoco Conegliano.

## References
Mario Balotelli

**Mario Balotelli Barwuah** (; *né* **Barwuah**; born 12 August 1990) is an Italian professional footballer.

## Career statistics
### Club
### International
## Honours 
**Inter Milan**
*Serie A: 2007–08, 2008–09, 2009–10
*FA Cup: 2010–11

**Individual**
*Golden Boy: 2010
*UEFA Euro Team of the Tournament: 2012
*Serie A Team of the Year: 2012–13
*FIFPro World XI 4th team: 2013
*UNFP Ligue 1 Player of the Month: March 2019

## References
Wafa Mnassar

**Wafa Mnassar** (born 21 April 1985) is a Tunisian national volleyball player.

She played at the 2014 FIVB Volleyball Women's World Championship.

She played for Club Féminine de Carthage.

## References
River Tern

The **River Tern**, also sometimes known as the **River Tearne**, is a river in Shropshire, a county of England. 

It rises north-east of Market Drayton, a town in the north of the county.

Its source is said to be the lake in the grounds of Maer Hall in Staffordshire.

It flows for about 30 miles (48 km) until it joins the River Severn near Attingham Park in Atcham.