open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
John A. Quitman

**John Anthony Quitman** (September 1, 1798 – July 17, 1858)'''''' was an American who was a lawyer, politician, and soldier. He briefly acted as the Governor of Mississippi in 1835. Later, he became the Governor of Mississippi from 1849 to 1851, but he quit after being arrested for breaking the law. He was very supportive of slavery and was a leader among those who wanted to separate from the United States. He cared more about being famous in the military and politics than taking care of his plantations and slaves, according to his biographer John F. H. Claiborne.

## References
Cycle sport

**Cycle sport** is when people compete using bicycles. There are different types of bike races like road racing, mountain biking, and BMX. Some other non-racing bike sports are artistic cycling and cycle polo. The International Cycling Union (UCI) is in charge of organizing bike races around the world. The International Human Powered Vehicle Association is in charge of human-powered vehicles, and they have fewer rules than the UCI. The UltraMarathon Cycling Association organizes long-distance bike races.

Bike racing is in the Olympics. It's especially popular in Europe, where countries like Belgium, France, and Italy are big fans. Other countries like Australia and the United States are also fans of bike racing.

## History 
The first bicycle race happened on May 31, 1868, in Paris, France. It was a short race of 1,200 meters and was won by James Moore from England. He rode a wooden bicycle with solid rubber tires. You can see this bike now in a museum in Ely, England.

The Union Cycliste Internationale was started on April 14, 1900, by Belgium, the United States, France, Italy, and Switzerland. They wanted to replace the International Cycling Association because of a disagreement with Great Britain and other issues.

Since the Olympic Movement started in 1896, cycling has been a part of every Summer Olympics.

## References
Red Hill Mining Town

"**Red Hill Mining Town**" is a 1987 song by Irish rock group U2 and is the sixth track from their fifth studio album *The Joshua Tree*. It was meant to be the second single from the album but was shelved and replaced by ''I Still Haven't Found What I'm Looking For''. It was not played live in concerts until 2017.

## References
Cursive forms of the International Phonetic Alphabet

In the early days of the International Phonetic Alphabet, they had special handwriting forms of the letters meant for writing by hand or taking notes in the field. The 1999 *Handbook of the International Phonetic Association* mentioned that back when people had to write down speech by hand quickly, these cursive forms might have been more helpful because they allowed for faster writing. But for most people, these cursive forms are difficult to read. It's better to use handwritten versions that look more like the printed symbols.

## Development 
## Example 
The following passage is from the 1912 edition of the *International Phonetic Assocation* handbook:
'' spoken in 'Northern English']]

## References
Rowing at the 2024 Summer Olympics – Qualification

This article details the qualifying phase for **rowing at the 2024 Summer Olympics**. About two-thirds of the total quota will be awarded to the National Olympic Committees, not to specific athletes, at the 2023 World Rowing Championships, scheduled for 3 to 10 September in Belgrade, Serbia. The remainder of the total quota will be attributed to the eligible rowers at each of the four continental qualification regattas in Asia and Oceania, the Americas, Africa, and Europe, and at the final Olympic qualification regatta in Lucerne, Switzerland.

All qualifying NOCs are limited to one berth per event, and only NOCs with fewer than two berths from the World Championships may compete in the continental qualifying regattas. Host nation France will be automatically granted a berth each in the men's and women's single sculls if it fails to qualify for any rowing event at the various regattas.  Four quota places (two per gender) are entitled to the NOCs competing in the single sculls as bestowed upon the Universality principle.

## Timeline
## Qualification summary
## Men's events
### Men's single sculls
### Men's double sculls
### Men's lightweight double sculls
### Men's quadruple sculls
### Men's coxless pair
### Men's coxless four
### Men's eight
## Women's events
### Women's single sculls
### Women's double sculls
### Women's lightweight double sculls
### Women's quadruple sculls
### Women's coxless pair
### Women's coxless four
### Women's eight
## References
Youth wing

In politics, **youth wing** is a subdivision of a political party made up of younger members, usually teenagers and young adults. They are dedicated to promoting the party's interests, values and policies among young voters, as well as involving them in political activities like campaigns, debates, and advocacy. They can provide opportunities for leadership, civic education, and active participation in party politics.

## References
2024–25 Formula E World Championship

The **2024–25 ABB FIA Formula E World Championship** is the eleventh season of the FIA Formula E championship, a motor racing championship for electrically powered vehicles recognised by motorsport's governing body, the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA), as the highest class of competition for electric open-wheel racing cars.

## Teams and drivers 
All teams are scheduled to use the Formula E Gen3 Evo car on Hankook tyres.

### Team changes
British motorsport brand Lola announced its return to top-level motorsport for the first time since the 2006 Champ Car World Series. Lola entered Formula E developing its own powertrain in cooperation with Yamaha. This partnership supplies powertrains to ABT, who had previously used Mahindra powertrains but ended that affiliation, and the team entered the season as Lola Yamaha ABT Formula E Team.

## List of planned races 
Pre-season testing will take place at the Circuit Ricardo Tormo between 4 and 7 November 2024. The following ePrix are contracted to form the 2024–25 Formula E World Championship.

### Location changes
*The Misano ePrix was removed from the calendar, leaving Italy without a race in Season 11.
*The Saudi Arabian rounds were relocated from the Riyadh Street Circuit to the Jeddah Corniche Circuit, hosting the first ever Jeddah ePrix.
*The Miami ePrix was reintroduced to the calendar, the first race in Florida since 2015, replacing the Portland ePrix. The event will move from the Biscayne Bay Street Circuit to the Homestead–Miami Speedway, which previously hosted IMSA GT Championship, the one-off Ferrari Winter Series for developmental single-seater drivers, and currently hosts numerous club races.  It is unknown which version of the circuit will be used (with or without the banking).  Regardless, at  (without banking) or  (with banking), it will be the longest Formula E circuit in history. 
*The Monaco ePrix will become a double header for the first time in the race's history. The Tokyo ePrix will also be a double-header race.
*The Jakarta ePrix will return to the calendar, after a cancellation in season 10 due to elections in the country.

## References
Mister International Korea

**Mister International Korea** () is a male beauty pageant. It is held every year,  to sselect South Korea's representatives to the Mister International, Mister Global, Mister Supranational and Man of the World pageant.

.

## History 
Previously, the Korean representatives were selected through an online announcement or an unofficial public contest, but in 2013, the tournament was officially held and Kim Jae Hyuk took the first win. The first competition was held in 2013.

## References 
## Other websites 
*
Dancing on the Jetty

"**Dancing on the Jetty**" is a 1984 song by Australian new wave band INXS and is the fourth and final single from their fourth studio album *The Swing*. It went to number 39 in Australia.

## Track listing 
## References
The Big Money

"**The Big Money**" is a 1985 song by Canadian progressive rock band Rush and is the leading single from their 11th studio album *Power Windows*. It went to number 45 in the United States and number 4 on the Billboard Mainstream Rock chart. It has also appeared on their compilation albums *Retrospective II* and *The Spirit of Radio: Greatest Hits 1974-1987*.

## References
Too Late for Love (Def Leppard song)

"**Too Late for Love**" is a 1983 song by English heavy metal band Def Leppard and is the fourth and final single from their third studio album *Pyromania*. It went to number 86 in the United Kingdom and number 9 on the Billboard Mainstream Rock Tracks chart.

## Track listing
# "Too Late for Love"
# "Foolin'"
# "High 'n' Dry (Saturday Night)"

## References
Emmanuelle Wargon

**Emmanuelle Wargon**, born *Emmanuelle Stoléru*, (born 1971) is a French civil servant, lobbyist and politician.

After holding various administrative positions in the Ministry of Health, she joined the Danone Group as Director of Communications and Public Affairs, which led her to industry lobbying, including environmental issues. On 16 October 2018, she was appointed Deputy Minister for Housing under the Minister for Ecological and Solidarity Transition. On 6 July 2020, the government minister responsible for housing, Jean Castex, was appointed.

Emmanuelle Wargon graduated from HEC Paris, Sciences Po Paris and ENA.

## References
Absurd (song)

"**Absurd**" (stylized as "ABSUЯD") is a 2021 song by American rock band Guns N' Roses. It is the first new material since 2008 and the first since their sixth studio album *Chinese Democracy*. The reworked version made its live debut in August 2021 in Boston. 

## References
The Tenant

***The Tenant*** () is a 1976 French horror thriller movie directed by Roman Polanski (who also stars) and is based on the 1964 novel of the same name by Roland Topor. It stars Isabelle Adjani, Melvyn Douglas, Jo Van Fleet, Bernard Fresson, Lila Kedrova, Claude Dauphin, Shelley Winters and was distributed by Paramount Pictures.

## Other websites 
* 
* 
* 
*
Great Freedom

***Great Freedom*** () is a 2021 Austrian German drama movie directed by Sebastian Meise and starring Franz Rogowski, Georg Friedrich, Anton von Lucke, Thomas Prenn. It won the Jury Prize in the *Un Certain Regard* section at the 2021 Cannes Film Festival

## Other websites 
*
The Secret of the Chinese Carnation

***The Secret of the Chinese Carnation*** (; ) is a 1964 German French Italian crime movie directed by Rudolf Zehetgruber and is based on a novel by Louis Weinert-Wilton. It stars Paul Dahlke, Olga Schoberová, Dietmar Schönherr, Dominique Boschero, Klaus Kinski and was distributed by Constantin Film.

## Other websites 
*
Breckenridge, Minnesota

**Breckenridge** is a city in the U.S. state of Minnesota. It is the county seat of Wilkin County. 3,430 people lived here at the 2020 census. Its twin city is Wahpeton, North Dakota.

## References
Sliač

**Sliač** is a spa town in central Slovakia. It is on the river Hron, between Banská Bystrica and Zvolen. About 5,000 people live there.

The town is known for its hot springs. It has an airport.

## Population 
### Ethnic composition 
### Religion 
## Twin towns 
Sliač is twinned with:
*  Přibyslav, Czech Republic

## References 
## Other websites 
* Official website
Přibyslav

**Přibyslav** is a town in the Vysočina Region of the Czech Republic. About 4,000 people live there.

## Twin towns 
Přibyslav is twinned with:
*  Mook en Middelaar, Netherlands
*  Sliač, Slovakia

## References 
## Other websites 
* Official website
Caso Cerrado

**Caso cerrado** (**Case Closed**), formerly **Sala de parejas** ('''Couples' Court'''), is a Spanish-language court show broadcast by Telemundo in which Cuban-American lawyer Ana María Polo arbitrates cases for volunteer participants. The series was ran from April 2, 2001 to December 10, 2019.
Art Olivier

**Arthur C. Olivier** (born August 24, 1957) is an American politician and former mayor of Bellflower, California. In 2000, he ran as the Libertarian candidate for vice president in the United States presidential election. 

He has also attempted to become the Libertarian Party's presidential candidate for the 2024 United States presidential election.

## Education 
Olivier went to Cerritos College, where he received a degree in Design Technology 

## Personal life 
He married a woman named Joyce in 1987 and had three kids. They divorced in 2022.

## Career 
Olivier served as a councilman, Acting Mayor, and mayor of Bellflower, California. He's also a Realtor. During his time on the City Council, Olivier privatized the city's tree trimming, crossing guards, street sweeping, and Building Department. He also got rid of the city's lighting tax.

## Views 
During his vice presidential campaign, Olivier called for a smaller federal government, within constitutional limits. He talked against U.S. interventionismand publicly saying he wants to bring troops home. He is for refocusing the Department of Defense on actual defense. Olivier opposed the U.S. acting as the world's policeman and supported avoiding entangling alliances, noting that foreign conflicts harm America's image.

Olivier is a big supporter for first amendment rights.

## *Operation Terror* 
Olivier supports the 9/11 truth movement. In 2012, he made a thriller film called *Operation Terror*, which imagined a fictional version of the 9/11 attacks. The movie suggested that American government insiders were behind the attacks. Olivier used real transcripts from the 9/11 Commission investigation and based characters on real people involved in the attacks.

The film premiered in Los Angeles on September 11, 2012, and received awards at the International Film Festival for Peace, Inspiration and Equality and the International Movie Awards. The director, Paul Cross, was also nominated for Best Director at the Fajr International Film Festival.

## Campaigns 
**2000 Libertarian Vice Presidential Nominee**

On July 4, 2000, Olivier was chosen as the Libertarian Party's Vice Presidential nominee for the 2000 Presidential Election. He beat Steve Kubby on the second ballot. He ran with Harry Browne. They got 5th place and 384,431 votes.

**2006 California Gubernatorial Campaign**
 campaigning for Governor and  Lieutenant Governor.|257x257px]]

In the 2006 California Gubernatorial Election, Olivier ran angainst Arnold Schwarzenegger and Phil Angelides.  He said he appeared on more talk radio shows than all other candidates combined.  Olivier finished in 4th place. He got around 1% of the vote.

**2024 Libertarian Presidential Campaign**

Olivier ran for president in the 2024 Libertarian Party primaries. He earned 5 votes in the primaries . 

Olivier couldn't get on the ballot for any Super Tuesday states, so he decided to do a write-in campaign in North Carolina. However, he didn't receive any votes.

## References
## Other websites 
*Appearances on C-SPAN
List of children's animated television series of the 2020s

This is a '''list of children's animated television series''' (including internet television series); that is, animated programs originally targeted towards audiences under the age of 18.

This list does not include Japanese, Chinese, or Korean series.

## 2020s
### United States
### United Kingdom
### Canada
### Co-productions
#### European
#### Canadian
#### British 
#### French 
#### Italian
#### Asia Pacific
## Upcoming
## References
Formula E

**Formula E**, officially the **ABB FIA Formula E World Championship,** is an open-wheel single-seater motorsport championship for electric cars. The racing series is the highest class of competition for electrically powered single-seater racing cars. The inaugural championship race was held in Beijing in September 2014. Since 2021, the series has had FIA World Championship status. The ABB FIA Formula E World Championship season consists of a series of races, each known as an e-Prix. These take place in multiple countries and continents around the world, mostly on street circuits created specifically for Formula E on closed public roads in the centre of major cities, with a small number on iconic purpose-built circuits such as Autódromo Hermanos Rodríguez in Mexico City. A points system is used at each e-Prix to determine two annual World Championships: one for the drivers and one for the constructors (the teams). To compete, each driver must hold a valid e-licence issued by the FIA. Formula E cars are the fastest-regulated electric road-course racing cars in the world. Major changes made for the 2022–23 season in the development of the Gen3 car were delivered as software updates directly to the advanced operating system built into the car.
Harewood, New Zealand

**Harewood** is a northwestern suburb of Christchurch and is split with State Highway 1 and Christchurch International Airport running through the area. It has a primary school that opened in 1862 and has residential areas east of the highway and industrial areas west of the highway. 

## References
ECall

**eCall** is an automated system for alerting emergency services. It was introduced in 2018. All car manufacturers that sell cars in the European Union have to put it in the cars they sell. The system will automatically alert emergency services by sending a standardized message to the Europe-wide emergency number 112. The message sent includes things like the current position and direction of the car and the time the accident happened. It also includes other information, like two positions of the car, in the last fifteen seconds before the accident. Optionally, it can include things like the number of people in the car, whether the vehicle turned upside down, and other specific information.

Such cars also have a button which can send the message manually.

In 2007, TÜV did some crash tests in Cologne. Unfortunately, they forgot to deactivate the respective alerting system. Soon, ambulances and fire engines arrived, as a major accident had been signalled.

## References
Women's wing

In politics, a '''women's wing''' is a group within a political party dedicated to issues relating to women, such as sex equality, women's rights, and political representation. It often work to promote women's participation in politics, influence public policies related to women, and support female candidates in elections. They may carry out advocacy activities, organize events and campaigns to promote their causes within the party and wider society. In left-leaning parties, this wing tend to take a feminist stance.

## References
Albert Hourani

**Albert Hourani** (31 March 1915 — 17 January 1993) was a Lebanese-British historian. He described himself as a liberal and  specialised in the history of the Middle East. He wrote many books but is best known for his work *A History of the Arab Peoples*. 

## Academic career 
Hourani attended Magdalen College in Oxford University from 1933 to 1936 where he studied politics, philosophy and economics. After he graduated, he went to the American University of Beirut to teach politics. Over his life, Hourani taught at Magdalen College and St Antony's College in Oxford; The American University of Beirut; The University of Pennsylvania; and Harvard.

## Political career 
Hourani worked in the Arab Office in Jerusalem and London after the end of World War II. He worked with the Anglo-American Committee of Inquiry, which was to be a report on the conditions in Mandatory Palestine.

## References
Oberbillig

**Oberbillig** is a municipality in Trier-Saarburg in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It is on the river Moselle.

## References
Levice

**Levice** (; ) is a town in western Slovakia. It is the capital of the Levice District. The town is on the river Hron. About 30,000 people live there.

Levice was first mentioned in 1156 as *Leua*.

## Population 
### Ethnic composition 
### Religion 
## References 
## Other websites 
* Official town website 
* Map of Levice
Tlmače

**Tlmače** is a town in the Levice District in the Nitra Region of Slovakia.

## Population 
### Ethnic composition 
### Religion 
## References 
## Other websites 
* Official website
Kalinovo

**Kalinovo** () is a village in the Poltár District in the Banská Bystrica Region of Slovakia.

The village was first mentioned in 1279.

## Population 
### Ethnic composition 
### Religion 
## References 
## Other websites 
* 
* Official website
Khawaja Asif

**Khawaja Muhammad Asif** is a Pakistani Politician who is current Defence Minister of Pakistan, in office 11 March 2024. Having Previously this post from 2022 to 2023. He is also Member of the Pakistani Parliament since 1993.A leader infamous for his controversial statements, in 2025, he openly admitted to Pakistan's past and present of supporting, sheltering and financing terrorism.

## References
Kežmarok

**Kežmarok** ( or ; ; ) is a town in the Prešov Region in Slovakia. It is the capital of the Kežmarok District. About 16,000 people live there.

## Population 
### Ethnic composition 
### Religion 
## References 
## Other websites 
* Official website 
* Official website
Ak, Qazvin

**Ak** (, also romanized as **Ark** and **Āch**) is a village in Eqbal-e Gharbi Rural District, in the Central District of Qazvin County, Qazvin Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, 289 people lived there in 65 families.

## References
Waiting on the World to Change

**Waiting on the World to Change** is a song by American singer-songwriter John Mayer. It was released on August 1, 2006.  It was popular as a single and won the Grammy for Best Male Pop Vocal Performance at the 49th Grammy Awards.  It has a highly popular chord progression often found in blues, rock and soul songs. The chord progression is I - vi - IV - I - V - vi - IV - I, and in the case of "Waiting on the World to Change", it is in the key of D.
Light brown apple moth

The **light brown apple moth** (*Epiphyas postvittana*), often called **LBAM**, is a species of tortricid leafroller measuring about ¼ inch long, which curls leaves to create shelters. Originally from Australia, LBAM has spread to various regions including New Zealand, Hawaii, Ireland, New Caledonia, and Great Britain. In March 2007, LBAM was confirmed to be present in California, leading to restrictions on the shipment of plant materials from California to other states in the USA, as well as within California from infested counties to non-infested areas. The California Department of Food and Agriculture (CDFA) has classified LBAM as a Class A pest and has initiated an eradication program primarily utilizing mating disruption pheromones and insecticide treatments.

Adults of this species exhibit a light brown to yellowish hue, often adorned with varying degrees of darker brown patterning, boasting a wingspan ranging from . Notably, females tend to surpass males in size, typically displaying less pronounced markings; however, a distinctive spot is frequently observable when their wings are in a closed position. Eggs, characterized by their pale white coloration, are laid in clusters with a slight overlap, typically containing 20 to 50 eggs per group. Upon reaching maturity, larvae adopt a green coloration and measure approximately  in length. Despite bearing a superficial resemblance to larvae of other indigenous tortricid species, confirming their identity often necessitates DNA analysis. Pupae of this species are typically brown in color and measure around  in length.

## References
Centrist Democrat International

The **Centrist Democrat International** (**CDI**; Spanish: *Internacional Demócrata de Centro*; French: *Internationale démocrate centriste,* **IDC**) is the international alliance of moderate conservative and Christian-democratic political parties. Until 2001, it was known as the **Christian Democratic International** and, before that, as the '''Christian Democratic and People's Parties International** (until 1999). It was founded in 1961 in Santiago, Chile, as the **Christian Democratic World Union''', based on the legacy of other Christian-democratic internationals that attempted to create a Christian-inspired Third Way alternative to the socialist and communist internationals; In 1982, it changed its name for the first time to Christian Democratic International, but later was renamed again due to the growing participation of parties of other religions. Although it brings together parties from all over the world, its members are mainly from Europe and Latin America. It shares some members with the International Democracy Union (IDU), although the CDI is closer to the political center and more communitarian than the IDU.

## References
Theodore Agnew, Baron Agnew of Oulton

***Theodore Thomas More Agnew, Baron Agnew of Oulton**, DL* is a British businessman, Conservative life peer, and former Minister of State at the Cabinet Office and HM Treasury. He is the founder and current chairman of the board of Inspiration Trust, an academy trust in Norfolk and Suffolk.

## Notes
## Other websites
Ghatixalus variabilis

The **variably colored Ghat tree frog**, **green tree frog**, '''Parker's bubble-nest frog**, **Parker's bush frog**, **Indian bubble-nest frog**, **spotted green tree frog**, **Zamorin tree frog**, or **Green frog of the Neelgherries '* (*Ghatixalus variabilis'') is a frog.  It lives in India in the Western Ghat mountains, only north of the Palakkad Gap.

People see this frog in shola forests high in the hills and sometimes on tea or cardamom farms in between.  People have only seen them in or near mountain streams. They sometimes sit on the ground and sometimes on grass and sometimes in holes next to the streams. People have seen this frog between 925 and 2630 meters above sea level.

Scientists believe this frog is in danger of dying out because it lives in such a small place. Human beings have cut down the trees in the forests where it lived.  The forests that are still there have farms in between, and the frogs cannot move from one forest to another.  This frog is also in danger because the Nilgiri Hills are hotter than they were. This has changed the way the water sits below the ground. That has made it easier for new kinds of trees that people to the area, for example eucalyptus, lantana, acacia, wattle, and pinewoods, to grow where the shola forests were. Scientists say climate change is a threat to this frog.

## References
Just What I Am

**Just What I Am** is a song by musicians King Chip and Kid Cudi. A music video goes with the song. The US Hot Rap Songs (Billboard) named it 13 on there list. **Just What I Am** made platinum status by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA).

## In other media
In 2020, the song was heavily featured in the Judd Apatow film *The King of Staten Island*.

## Charts
## Certifications 
## Release history
## References
Banijay

**Banijay**  is a French multinational television production and distribution company.  It is the world's largest international content producer and distributor with over 130 production companies across 21 territories, and a multi-genre catalogue containing over 180,000 hours of original programming. It is headquartered in Paris. It was founded in January 2008 by Stéphane Courbit.

## References
Cars and Girls

"**Cars and Girls**" is a 1988 song by Prefab Sprout and is the leading single from their third studio album *From Langley Park to Memphis*. It went to number 44 in the United Kingdom, number 83 in France and number 41 in Australia.

## Track listings
### 7" vinyl single
**Side 1**
# "Cars and Girls"
**Side 2**
# "Vendetta"

### 10" vinyl single
**Side 1**
# "Cars and Girls"
**Side 2**
# "Real Life (Just Around The Corner)"
# "Vendetta"

### 12" vinyl single
**Side 1**
# "Cars and Girls"
**Side 2**
# "Vendetta"
# "Nero the Zero"

### CD single
# "Cars and Girls"
# "Faron Young (Truckin' Mix)"
# "Real Life (Just Around The Corner)"
# "Vendetta"

## References
South Bengal

**South Bengal** (/দক্ষিণ বাংলা) is a term used for the southern parts of Bengal including Southern Bangladesh and Southern West Bengal, state in India.

## References
Creative director

A **creative director** is someone who makes important creative decisions. Creative directors  oversee the making of ads, products, events, and logos. They also manage and guide the creative team who create these things. Creative directors are mostly found in television, design, movies, music, video games, fashion, ads, media, and entertainment. Sometimes, they work in web or software companies too.

## Significance 
In arts and entertainment, creative director are really important and key parts in making things happen. They might also do jobs like art directing, writing, or leading design. They are in charge of coming up with ideas and designs for projects. For example, in advertising, they lead the team to come up with ideas and designs. They guide a team with skills in things like graphic design, fine arts, and motion graphics. They work on things like layout, ideas, and writing.
## References
Pew Research Center

The **Pew Research Center** (also simply known as **Pew**) is a nonpartisan American think tank based in Washington, D.C. It provides information on social issues, public opinion, and demographic trends shaping the United States and the world.

## Research topics
The center's research includes the following topic areas:
* U.S. politics and policy
* International affairs
* Immigration & migration
* Race and ethnicity
* Religion
* Age & generations
* Gender & LGBTQ
* Family & relationships
* Economy & work
* Science
* Internet and technology
* News habits & media
* Methodological research
* Regions & countries

## References
## Other websites
* 
* Pew Charitable Trusts
Private collection

at Úsov Château, Czech Republic]]
A **private collection** is when a person or an organization owns a large amount of valuable items, like artwork or various other special objects.

In places like museums or art galleries, if you see something on display that is not owned by the museum, it was possibly given to them by someone else, like a collector or an organization.

This could be for a short or long time. The person or group giving it could be an art collector, school, church, bank, or another company. 

People who collect books, even if they do it because they love how the books look, are called bibliophiles, and their collections are usually called libraries.

## Other websites
Benazir Income Support Programme

https://8171news.com.pk/

The Punjab government has launched registration of poor and deserving families under the Ehsaas Program 8171  through the Punjab Socio-Economic Registry (PSER). In 2025, eligible households are receiving quarterly cash payments of Rs. 13,500 under the **Benazir Kafaalat Program**, along with education and health support. Now, women can also complete their registration through NSER survey centers and BISP offices..]]
The **Benazir Income Support Programme** (BISP) is a programme of the Pakistani government to fight against poverty. 

It has been implemented in the provinces of Punjab, Sindh, Baluchistan, and Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa.  The program also operates in the federally administered regions of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, and the Islamabad Capital Territory.

## Eligibility 
To be eligible for cash payments under BISP, families must earn less than RS 13,500 per month; equivalent to $47. Further eligibility requirements stipulate that:

*Families must have a female applicant holding a valid ID card
*An individual applicant must be a widowed or divorced woman without male family members
*Eligible families include those with physically or mentally disabled individuals

Families deemed ineligible for cash payments through BISP include those with:
*Members employed by the Pakistani government, army, or any other government-affiliated agency
*Members drawing a pension or receiving post-retirement benefits from the government
*Family members owning more than 3 acres of farmland or more than 80 square yards of residential land
*Members receiving income from other sources
*Members holding a machine readable passport
*Members with a National Identity Card for Overseas citizens
*Members with a bank account excluding microfinance banks and those catering to low-income families

## List of Chairpersons of Benazir Income Support Program
## References
Masi, Norway

or  or  is a village in Kautokeino Municipality in Finnmark county, Norway.  

The village is by a river called Kautokeinoelva, which is part of the Alta river. It's about 60 kilometers south of a town called Alta and also about 60 kilometers north of another village called Kautokeino. Most of the people in the village are Sami, who are native to the Fennoscandinavian peninsula and not from Norway.

Masi Church has been there since the 1600s. The church now is a new one because the old one got burned down by German soldiers during World War II.

In the late 1970s, the Norwegian government wanted to build a big power station downstream from Masi. They thought this would flood Masi, the area around Kautokeino, and where reindeer graze. People protested against this, and it became known as the Alta controversy.

## References 
## Other websites
Handlová

**Handlová** (; ) is a town in the Prievidza District in the Trenčín Region of Slovakia.

## Population 
### Ethnic composition 
### Religion 
## References 
## Other websites 
* Official website
Zanesville, Indiana

**Zanesville** is a town in the Wells and Allen counties in the U.S. state of Indiana. The population was 580 at the 2020 Census.

## References
Winter squash

**Winter squash** is a type of fruit that grows every year. There are different kinds of squash in the group called *Cucurbita*. Winter squash is usually grown late in the season. It looks less neat and can be a bit bumpy or warty. It's usually smaller to medium-sized and has a hard outer shell. These types of squash can be kept for a long time and are usually eaten in the winter. Unlike summer squash, they're picked and eaten when they're fully grown and have a tough skin. Most people cook winter squash before eating it, and you usually don't eat the skin like you might with summer squash.

Some types of winter squash are round and orange, and we call them pumpkins. In New Zealand and Australian English, "pumpkin" usually means all kinds of winter squash, not just the round orange ones.

## References
## Other websites
* Sorting *Cucurbita* names
Fairy bread

**Fairy bread** is sliced white bread spread with butter or margarine and covered with "Hundreds and Thousands", often served at children's parties in Australia and New Zealand. It is typically cut into triangles.

A similar breakfast item in The Netherlands and Belgium is known as **hagelslag**, which is the name of the sprinkles.

 hagelslag sprinkles]]

## References
Chiang Rai

**Chiang Rai** is a city in the northern part of Thailand. It is the capital city of Chiang Rai province. The city has a population of about 200,000 people.

## History
Chiang Rai was founded by King Mangrai in the year 1262 CE. It was the first capital city of King Mangrai's kingdom. The name "Chiang Rai" means "The City of King Rai". For hundreds of years, it was controlled by Burma. It became a part of Thailand in 1786. It was officially declared a province of Thailand in 1933.

## Geography
It is located in the very north region of Thailand.  It is situated in the basin of the Kok River, near the Khun Tan Range. It is famous for its beautiful mountain scenery. It covers an area of 60.85  square kilometers. 

## Climate
It has a tropical climate. It has a rainy season from May to October and a dry season from November to February.

## References
Vestvågøy

**Vestvågøy** is a municipality in Nordland county, Norway. In 2023, 11,551 people lived there.

The mayor, Jonny Finstad, is elected until late 2027.
## Related pages 
* List of mayors in Norway that are elected until 2027
Flå

**Flå** is a municipality in Buskerud county, Norway. In 2023, 1,097 people lived there.

The mayor, Merete Høntorp Gandrud, is elected until late 2027.

## References
Environmental law

**Environmental laws** are laws that protect the environment. Environmental law is a collection of rules that tell people how they should treat the environment.  This also covers rules about how we should take care of things like forests, minerals, and fish. It also includes things like checking how our actions affect the environment. Environmental law is all about making sure that living things, including people, are safe from harm caused by human activity, both now and in the future.

## References 
## Related pages 
*Right to a healthy environment
Monroeville, Indiana

**Monroeville** is a town in Monroe Township, Allen County, Indiana, United States. The population was 1,294 in the 2020 census.

## References
Battle near Radekhov

**Battle near Radekhov**&nbsp;— the operation of UPA soldiers to liberate political prisoners from the concentration camp in Radekhov, where clashes with NKVD units took place.

## Operation progress 
On the night of April 26-27, 1945, hundreds of UPA: "Halaida-1" under the command of commander Vasylyashko Vasylnbsp;— "Peremohy", "Perebiynis" under the command of the centurion "Shumsky", "Tigers" with the commander "Romko", "Prolom" with the commander "Chernyk", "Nomads" with the commander "Spyle" and the combat group of the SB under the leadership of Dmytro Kup' which&nbsp;— "Kleya" carried out a raid on the town of Radekhiv, where the Soviets organized a concentration camp for political prisoners destined for deportation to the east . The rebels destroyed NKVD houses with grenades, captured the concentration camp and captured the remaining Soviet soldiers. The operation was successful and freed more than 200 political prisoners.

## Notes 
* IN. Moroz Rebel Commander "Victory"
* Dmytro Kupyak Memories of the unshot Art. 43&nbsp;— 44
Two of a Kind (1983 movie)

***Two of a Kind*** is a 1983 American romantic fantasy comedy movie directed by John Herzfeld and starring John Travolta, Olivia Newton-John, Charles Durning, Oliver Reed, Beatrice Straight, Scatman Crothers. It was distributed by 20th Century Fox and was nominated for 5 Razzie Awards in 1984.

## Other websites 
* 
* 
*
The Room (2019 movie)

***The Room*** is a 2019 Belgian French Luxembourgian science fiction thriller movie directed by Christian Volckman and starring Olga Kurylenko, Kevin Janssens, Joshua Wilson, John Flanders, Francis Chapman.

## Other websites 
*
Billy-le-Grand

**Billy-le-Grand** is a commune. It is in Grand Est in the Marne department in northeast France.

## Related pages 
* Communes of the Marne department
Battle of Leshchava-Horishnaya

**The Battle of Leshchava-Horishnaya** is a battle  that took place on October 28, 1944 in the area of the village of Leshva-Horishnya between the Ukrainian Insurgent Army and some NKVD units.
Voith

**Voith** AG is a German multi-industry company based in Heidenheim, Baden-Württemberg. They have a global presence with offices worldwide. One of the industries served by Voith is the transportation industry.

## Current products 
### Transmissions 
* DIWA.3E
* DIWA.5
* DIWA.6

### Hybrid system 
* DIWAhybrid (parallel)
* ElvoDrive (serial)

## Past products 
### Transmissions 
* DIWA
* DIWA.2
* DIWA.3

## Other websites 
*
Are You Sure? (movie)

***Are You Sure?*** (French: ***En êtes-vous bien sûr?***) is a 1947 French Belgian comedy movie directed by Jacques Houssin and starring Robert Dhéry, Martine Carol, Grégoire Aslan, Marcel Josz, Armand Crabbé, Colette Brosset. It was distributed by Les Films Corona.

## Other websites
*
Adrien Couret

** Adrien Couret** (born 10 November 1983) is the former CEO of HEC Alumni.
He graduated from HEC Paris in 2007. He is also Director of Aéma Groupe, a French insurance company.

## Bibliography 
* Adrien Couret, Claude Alphandéry, *Tous sociétaires !*, March 2022, ISBN 9782080282583

## References
Nové Zámky

**Nové Zámky** (; ) is a town in the Nitra Region in southwestern Slovakia. About 40,000 people live there.

The town is on the river Nitra. It is about 100&nbsp;km east of Bratislava and is about 25&nbsp;km north of the Hungarian border.

Nové Zámky has a temperate continental climate.

## Population 
### Ethnic composition 
### Religion 
## References 
## Other websites 
* Official website
Nitra (river)

]]
The **Nitra** (; ) is a  long river in west Slovakia. It flows into the Váh river in Komoča. The source of the river is in the Malá Fatra (Lesser Fatra) mountains north of Prievidza. The river passes through the towns of Bojnice, Topoľčany, Nitra and Nové Zámky.
Huntertown, Indiana

**Huntertown** is a town in Allen County, Indiana. The population was 9,141 during the 2020 census, making it one of the fastest-growing areas in northeastern Indiana.

## References
Mangrai

**Mangrai** also known as **King Mangrai the Great** was the 25th king of Ngoenyang. He founded the city of Chiang Mai and the Kingdom of Lan Na in Southeast Asia. He ruled from 1292 to 1311 CE.

## Early Life
He was born in 1238 in the ruling family of Ngoenyang. His father was the ruler of the Tai kingdom of Ngoenyang.

## Achievements
In 1262, Mangrai established Chiang Rai as the new capital city. He then began conquering the neighboring region. He defeated the Mon kingdom of Hariphunchai in 1281. In 1292, Mangrai relocated his capital to the newly established city of Wiang Kum Kam. Later in 1296, he left Wiang Kum Kam and established Chiang Mai as the new capital of Lanna Kingdom.

## Death and Succession
He died in 1311 in Chiang Mai. His son Chai Songkhram succeeded him as king. His dynasty ruled the Lanna Kingdom for more than two centuries.

## References
Out of an Old Man's Head

'''''Out of an Old Man's Head''''' () is a 1968 Swedish comedy drama movie directed by Per Åhlin and Tage Danielsson and starring Hans Alfredson, Karl-Axel Forssberg, Monica Ekman, Gösta Ekman.

## Other websites 
*
JoJo (album)

***JoJo*** is the debut studio album by American singer JoJo, released on June 22, 2004, by Da Family Entertainment, Blackground Records, and Universal Records.

## Critical reception
*JoJo* received generally mixed reviews from music critics.

## Track listing
### Notes
*  signifies an additional producer
*  signifies a co-producer
*  The track list for the Japan limited reissue, is the exact same as the European reissue and UK edition with the only difference being that the track "Butterflies" is placed as track 15 for the Japan release and is listed as a bonus track.

### Sample credits
* "Breezy" contains replayed elements from "Something for Nothing" by MFSB.

### Musicians
* JoJo – vocals
* The Underdogs – all music 
* Bink! – all music, programming 
* Soulshock and Karlin – arrangement, all instruments 
* Eric Jackson – guitar 
* Sean Hurley – guitar 
* Michael Thompson – guitar 

### Technical
* Kwamé "K1 Mill" – production 
* Eric Schlotzer – recording 
* Jermaine Fray – recording assistance 
* Dexter Simmons – mixing ; additional production 
* Vincent Herbert – mixing ; production ; additional production ; executive production
* Donnie Whittemore – mixing assistance 
* The Underdogs – production 
* Dave "Natural Love" Russell – recording, editing, mixing 
* Dabling "Hobby Boy" Harward – recording, editing 
* Kevin Mahoney – recording assistance, editing assistance 
* The Co-Stars – production 
* Balewa Muhammad – production 
* Franny Graham – recording 
* Mike City – production 
* Bink! – production 
* Reggie Burrell – production 
* Ronald Burrell – production 
* Soulshock and Karlin – production 
* Soulshock – mixing 
* Brian Morgan – production 
* G.P. – co-production 
* Young Freak – co-production 
* Joanna Levesque – co-production 
* Tre Black – production 
* Barry Hankerson – executive production
* Jomo Hankerson – executive production
* Gene Grimaldi – mastering

### Artwork
* Stacey "Swade" Wade – art direction, design, photography
* Thomas Delisle – photography

## Charts
### Weekly charts
### Year-end charts
## Certifications
## Release history
### Charts
## Notes
## References
The Man Who Quit Smoking

***The Man Who Quit Smoking*** () is a 1972 Swedish comedy movie directed by Tage Danielsson and starring Gösta Ekman, Grynet Molvig, Carl-Gustaf Lindstedt, Toivo Pawlo, Holger Löwenadler.

## Other websites 
*
Polish government-in-exile

from 1928 - 1980]]
 since 1980]]
The **Polish government-in-exile**, was the exiled government of Poland that existed from the German invasion of Poland in 1939 (hence the exile) to the return in 1990.

## Background 
In September 1939, Germany, Slovakia, and the USSR invaded Poland and the government went into exile in allied countries. 

## Army 
Some Polish forces survived the invasion and fled to the allied countries and would fight in the Fall of France, in 1941, POW’s captured by the Soviets, were freed due to the axis invasion of the USSR (operation Barbarossa) and would fight with the British in the invasion of Iran, Italian campaign (Participating in the Battle of Monte Cassino and liberating Bologna), and the western front (helping to liberate France).

### Home Army 
]]
In the occupied areas, resistance rose up fighting the Germans. They also caused uprisings like the Warsaw uprising (Most of them crushed).

## Post-war 
The Yalta conference agreed that the western allies would not recognise the government-in-exile, instead, they would recognise the communist provisional government of the Republic of Poland.

the resistance would continue to fight the communist regime but would end in 1963.

The government would return to Poland in 1990 when the Communist Bloc was ending.

## Maps 

File:Poland 1930.svg|Map of Poland pre WWII
File:Poland 1956-1990.svg|Map of Poland post WWII

## Leaders 
 (as President from 1939–1947)

## References
Valentine Sergo

**Valentine Sergo** (born 1969) is a Swiss actress, playwright and movie director. She is notable for her work, which has been the subject of multiple independent periodical reviews.

## Early life
Valentine Sergo moved to Switzerland as a child, from Italy. She graduated from the Serge Martin theater school, and studied dramaturgy and text performance at  the University of Lausanne.

## Career
In 2004, she founded and is artistic director of the Uranus Company, in Geneva. She also acted in plays such as *A Dream Job* , by Daniel Vouillamoz, in 2017. She leads literary workshops in hospitals. This  led to the work, *Tell me ten words to take care* with Kouam Tawa.

## Works
* *La Divergence des trajectoires* (2010) and *Palpitations* (2013)
* *Au bord du monde* (2014‒16)
* *Si tout est vrai, ne m’endors pas* (2017)
* *Chaos* (2021)

## References
Blancs-Coteaux

**Blancs-Coteaux** is a commune. It is in Grand Est in the Marne department in northeast France. The municipality was created on 1 January 2018 and consists of the former communes of Vertus (the seat), Gionges, Oger and Voipreux.

## Related pages 
* Communes of the Marne department

## References
Vertus

**Vertus** is a former commune. It is in Grand Est in the Marne department in northeast France. On 1 January 2018, it was merged into the new commune of Blancs-Coteaux.

## Related pages 
* Communes of the Marne department

## References
Trakai

**Trakai** is a city in Lithuania. It is  west of Vilnius, the Lithuanian capital. About 5,000 people live there. It is known for the Trakai Island Castle. The Trakai Historical National Park is in Trakai.

The city was first mentioned in German chronicles from 1337 as *Traken*.
Želiezovce

**Želiezovce** or **Zseliz** (; ) is a town in the Levice District in the Nitra Region in Slovakia. It is on the river Hron. About 6,500 people live there.

## Population 
### Ethnic composition 
### Religion 
## Twin towns 
Želiezovce is twinned with:
*  Barcs, Hungary
*  Makó, Hungary
*  Miercurea Ciuc, Romania
*  Trstená, Slovakia

## References 
## Other websites 
* Official website
Leo-Cedarville, Indiana

**Leo-Cedarville** is a town in Cedar Creek Township, Allen County, Indiana, United States. The population was 3,624 at the 2020 census.

## History
Before, Cedarville and Leo were different villages. Cedarville was planned out in 1838, and Leo was started in 1849, first called the Town of Hamilton.

In 1996, Leo and Cedarville became one town called Leo-Cedarville. They did this to stop the nearby city of Fort Wayne from taking them over.

The Hursh Road Bridge was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1981. But then, it was taken off the list in 1993.

## References