open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Plouzévédé

**Plouzévédé** () is a commune. It is found in the region Brittany in the Finistère department in the northwest of France.

## References
Carbon Cliff, Illinois

]]
**Carbon Cliff** is a village in Illinois in the United States. There were 1,846 people living in the area according to the 2020 census.

## References
Sharon, Kansas

**Sharon** is a city in Barber County, Kansas, United States. 147 people lived there at the 2020 census.

## References
Hurricane Isaias

**Hurricane Isaias** was an Atlantic tropical cyclone in July and August 2020. The storm caused very extensive damage from Bahamas to the East Coast of the United States. Hurricane Isaias moved over the Leeward Islands, Hispaniola and the Bahamas. Isaias later threatened the East Coast of the United States from Florida to Maine.

Isaias first began on July 28 as Potential Tropical Cyclone Nine. It was upgraded to Tropical Storm Isaias on July 30.

Hurricane or tropical storm notices were put up from the Windward Islands to United States' East Coast. The storm made landfall at 03:10 UTC August 4 in North Carolina, moving up the East Coast and dissipating on August 5.
Kumiko Yashiro

**Kumiko Yashiro** is a Japanese professional Go player at Nihon Ki-in. Her husband is also a professional Go player.
## Records
## References
Joan Mari Torrealdai

**Joan Mari Torrealdai Nabea** (November 24, 1942 – July 31, 2020) was a Spanish writer, journalist and sociologist. He was a member of Euskaltzaindia (the Royal Academy of the Basque Language). He was born in Forua, Spain. 

In 2003, he was arrested and tortured by the Government of Spain in a campaign against the newspaper *Euskaldunon Egunkaria*. In 2007 he was appointed as a full member of the Royal Academy of the Basque Language. In 2011 he took charge of the Azkue Library of the Academy.

## References
Tamás Pomucz

**Tamás Pomucz** (12 June 1957 &ndash; 31 July 2020) was a Hungarian sailor. He competed in the Flying Dutchman event at the 1992 Summer Olympics. He was born in Siófok, Hungary.

Pomucz died on 31 July 2020, aged 63.

## References
Bill Mack (songwriter)

**Bill Mack** (June 4, 1932 – July 31, 2020) was an American country music singer-songwriter, and radio host. He was born in Fort Worth, Texas. He was known for his songs "Blue" and "Drinking Champagne". He was also known for hosting radio shows on WBAP and XM Radio.

Mack died of COVID-19 in Fort Worth on July 31, 2020 at the age of 88.

## References
Eusebio Leal

**Eusebio Leal Spengler** (11 September 1942 – 31 July 2020) was a Cuban-Mexican historian. He was born in Havana. He was director of the  restoration program of Old Havana and its historical center,  UNESCO World Heritage Site and was an honorary member of the National Assembly of People's Power. He was a well known historian of the city of Havana.

Leal died on 31 July 2020 in Havana from pancreatic cancer, aged 77.

## References
Gilles Lapouge

**Gilles Lapouge** (November 7, 1923 – July 31, 2020) was a French writer and journalist. He worked with the daily *O Estado de S. Paulo*. He won the 2007 Prix Femina Essai. He worked for many newspapers in Brazil and later worked for *Le Monde* when he moved back to France.

Lapouge died on July 31, 2020 at the age of 96.

## References
Gary Knopp

**Gary Allan Knopp** (1956/57 – July 31, 2020) was an American Republican politician. He was a member of the Alaska House of Representatives from 2017 to 2020. He was born in Whitefish, Montana.

Knopp was killed in a plane crash near Soldotna, Alaska on July 31, 2020 at the age of 64.

## References
Miodrag Živković (sculptor)

**Miodrag Živković** (Serbian Cyrillic: Миодраг Живковић; (1928 — 31 July 2020) was a Serbian sculptor. He was most well known for his work on memorial statues throughout the Former Yugoslavia.

After working as an arts teaching instructor in Mladenovac and Novi Beograd, he was hired as an Assistant Professor at the Faculty of Applied Arts within the University of Arts in Belgrade, becoming Dean in 1974. He left the job in 1977. From 1977 to 1984 he was head of the Faculty's sculpture department. From 1991 to 1996 he was again Dean of the Faculty.

Živković died on 31 July 2020 in Belgrade, aged 92.

## References
Imogen

**Imogen** or **Imogene** [ **im**-*uh*-jeen ] is an English first name. Imogen is an exquisite name that has been increasingly popular in modern times. The name boasts a noteworthy heritage and profound significance. Imogen has its roots in the Celtic culture and signifies "maiden" or "innocent." The name has been in use for centuries and has been linked to many notable figures across history. The first recorded use of the name is under the English playwright William Shakespeare. It is chiefly used as a given name in several countries. They include Canada, the United States, Ireland, Australia and South Africa.

## People 
* Imogen Poots, British actress
* Imogen Heap, British musician
* Imogen Hassall, English actress (1942-1980)

Imogen or Imogene was used on several celebrities, including Imogene Coca and Imogen Hassall.

## References
Nyctimystes kuduki

***Nyctimystes kuduki***  is a tree frog from Papua New Guinea.  It lives on mountains with rainforests in Southern Highlands Province.

The adult male frog is 58.2 to 61.0 mm long from nose to rear end, which is large for a frog in *Nyctimystes*. It has yellow or gold veins on its lower eyelids. The male frog sits on leaves over fast-flowing streams and sings for female frogs. It has very small ears for a *Nyctimystes* frog. It has very large, dark brown eyes. It has two big groups of vomerine teeth in its upper jaw. This frog has dark brown and light brown skin. Some parts of its legs are yellow. It has a dull white belly.  It has white spots on its back and eyelids.

Scientists named this frog after Max Kuduk, who worked for the World Wide Fund for Nature.

## References
Mike Gale

**Michael Eugene Gale** (July 18, 1950 – July 31, 2020) was an American basketball player. He was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. 

Gale played in the National Basketball Association and American Basketball Association. He played for the Kentucky Colonels (1971&ndash;1974), the New York Nets (1974&ndash;1975), the San Antonio Spurs (1975&ndash;1980), the Portland Trail Blazers (1980&ndash;1981), and the Golden State Warriors (1981&ndash;1982).  

Gale died on July 31, 2020 at the age of 70.

## References
Alex Dupont

**Alex Dupont** (30 June 1954 – 1 August 2020) was a French football manager and former player.

He coached Dunkerque, Charleville, Boulogne, Gueugnon, with whom he won the Coupe de la Ligue in 2000, Sedan, Laval, Amiens.

He managed Brest from 2009 to 2012, when he took over from Gérald Baticle, and from 2013 to 2016.

He died on 1 August 2020.

## References
Helena Žigon

**Helena Žigon** (13 April 1928 – 30 July 2020) was a Slovenian long-distance runner between 1946 and 2014.

She was the oldest Slovenian runner who ran all Ljubljana Marathons. She ran the half marathon in Istrian on her 86th birthday.

Žigon died on 30 July 2020, aged 92.

## References
Jorge Santibáñez Ceardi

**Jorge Santibáñez Ceardi** (1 March 1934 – 30 July 2020) was a Chilean politician and lawyer. He was a member of the Christian Democratic Party. He was a Deputy from 1965 to 1973. He was Mayor of Viña del Mar from 1994 to 1996. 

Santibáñez Ceardi died at the age of 86 on 30 July 2020.

## References
Face transplant

A **face transplant** is a medical procedure to replace all or part of a person's face using tissue from a donor. 

The world's first partial face transplant on a living human was carried out in France in 2005. The world's first full face transplant was completed in Spain in 2010. Turkey, France, the United States and Spain are seen as the leading countries in the research into the procedure.

## References
Connie Culp

**Connie Culp** (March 26, 1963 – July 30, 2020) was the first United States recipient of a partial face transplant. It was performed at the Cleveland Clinic in December 2008.

Culp was shot in the face by her husband Thomas G. "Tom" Culp in a failed murder–suicide in September 2004. The shotgun blast destroyed Culp's nose, cheeks, the roof of her mouth and an eye. She had over thirty surgeries. 

Culp died on July 30, 2020 at the Cleveland Clinic from problems caused by an infection, aged 57.

## References
R. Toros

**Toros Rasguélénian**, real name of **R. Toros** (12 December 1934 – 29 July 2020) was a French sculptor.

He settled in Valence, then in Romans-sur-Isère, both in the Drôme region. He made a large amount of monuments in memory of the victims of the Armenian Genocide, of which his uncle was a victim. These monuments can be found in Valence, Aix-en-Provence, Marseille, and Saint-Étienne. 

He awarded the *Trophée Toros* to the best piece of Franco-Armenian literature published each year in Marseille.

R. Toros died on 29 July 2020 in Romans-sur-Isère at the age of 85.

## References
List of Buddhist conversions in India

Stupa in Nagpur where Ambedkar converted to Buddhism.]]
Since Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar's conversion, several thousand people from different castes have converted to Buddhism in ceremonies including the twenty-two vows.
## List of Buddhist conversions 
In 1956, Ambedkar adopted Buddhism with lakhs of people as "Dalits' path to liberation". Therefore, there is a lot of interest towards Buddhism among the Indian society especially Dalits. Being influenced by Ambedkar, every year thousands of people accept Buddhism. Most of the converts have come from Hindu Dalit community, who consider Ambedkar as their Messiah or liberator. Influenced by Ambedkar, many famous people have embraced Buddhism, including people like Mallikarjun Kharge, Ramdas Athawale, Udit Raj, Laxman Mane, Poolan Devi, Sushma Andhare, Eknath Awad, etc.

## References
Turning Point USA

**Turning Point USA** (**TPUSA**) is an American conservative nonprofit organization. 

TPUSA's related organizations include Turning Point News, the Turning Point Endowment, Turning Point Action, and Students for Trump. 

TPUSA's wants to "identify, educate, train and organize students to promote the principles of fiscal responsibility, free markets and limited government." 

## References
Roger Williams (hepatologist)

**Roger Stanley Williams** CBE FRCS FRCP FRCPE FRACP FMedSci (28 August 1931 &ndash; 26 July 2020) was a British professor of hepatology. He was Director of the Institute of Hepatology, London and Professor of Hepatology, King's College London. 

He was also Medical Director of the charity, the Foundation for Liver Research a UK registered charity (RCN 1134579) and was the lead person of the Lancet Commission into Liver Disease in the UK.

## References
Janine Despinette

**Janine Despinette** (1926 – 24 July 2020) was a French researcher and critic of children's literature. She was born in Aix-les-Bains, France. She was known for creating the idea of "color literature" which says that illustrations have as much power to the reader as words and narrations.

Despinette died on 24 July 2020, aged 94.

## References
Gwich'in

The '''Gwich'in''' people are a group of people who live in Alaska and Canada, above the Arctic Circle.

## Name 
The Gwich'in call themselves the *Dinjii Zhuu*, which means "small people" in their language.

## Language 
The Gwich'in have their own language. It is split into two dialects, the Canadian and the American dialects. However, not many of them speak it as they now use English. In Alaska, only 300 Gwich'in know how to speak Gwich'in.

## Caribou 
The caribou is a very important animal in Gwich'in culture. Some of them call themselves the caribou people.

## References
Grewia asiatica

***Grewia asiatica*** is a flowering plant in the genus Grewia. It was first found in Varanasi, India and was taken by Buddhist scholars to other Asian countries and the rest of the world. *Grewia celtidifolia* was initially considered a mere variety of Phalsa, but is now recognized as a distinct species.

It is grown for its sweet and sour acidic fruit, which is sold in the market during the summer months under the name *falsa*. 

## References
Keiko Kato

**Keiko Kato** is a Japanese professional Go player at Nihon Ki-in. Her husband is also a professional Go player. She has several title match appearances since the 2000s.
## Records
## References and notes
Marcelo Elío Chávez

**Marcelo Elío Chavez** (15 May 1966 &ndash; 27 July 2020) was a Bolivian politician and journalist. He was born in Oruro, Bolivia. He was a member of the Movement for Socialism. He was President of the Plurinational Legislative Assembly from 2014 to 2015.

Elío Chávez died in Oruro on 27 July 2020, aged 54.

## References
Colligny

**Colligny** is a former French commune. It is in the Moselle department. On 1 June 2016, it was merged into the new commune of Colligny-Maizery.

## References
Colligny-Maizery

**Colligny-Maizery** is a French commune. It is in the Moselle department. The municipality was created on 1 June 2016 and consists of the former communes of Colligny (the seat) and Maizery.

## References
Quimperlé

**Quimperlé** () is a commune. It is found in the region Brittany in the Finistère department in the northwest of France.

## References
Majorana fermion

A **Majorana fermion**(), also referred to as a **Majorana particle**, is a fermion that has the same properties as its antiparticle. Ettore Majorana, an Italian physicist, thought they would exist, in 1937.  Majorana disappeared in 1938, and the particles are named after him. As Majorana fermionns are thought to have the same properties as their antiparticles, they cannot have an electric charge. Today, atomic particles with an electric charge are called Dirac fermions. An example for Dirac fermions are electrons, and positrons; they have the same properties, but their electric charge is different. 

Neutrinos do not have an electric charge, and might be Majorana fermions, but their status is unclear

## Theory 
The concept goes back to Majorana's suggestion of 1937. Majorana suggested that  neutral spin- particles can be described by a real wave equation (the Majorana equation). The wave functions of particle and antiparticle are related by complex conjugation. For this reason, they would be identical to their antiparticle.

The difference between Majorana fermions and Dirac fermions can be expressed mathematically in terms of the creation and annihilation operators of second quantization: The creation operator \gamma^{\dagger}_j creates a fermion in quantum state j (described by a *real* wave function), whereas the annihilation operator \gamma_j annihilates it (or, equivalently, creates the corresponding antiparticle). For a Dirac fermion the operators \gamma^{\dagger}_j and \gamma_j are distinct, whereas for a Majorana fermion they are identical. The ordinary fermionic annihilation and creation operators f and f^{\dagger} can be written in terms of two Majorana operators \gamma_1 and \gamma_2 by

: f=(\gamma_1+i\gamma_2)/\sqrt{2},
: f^{\dagger}=(\gamma_1-i\gamma_2)/\sqrt{2}.

In supersymmetry models, neutralinos—superpartners of gauge bosons and Higgs bosons—are Majorana.

## Standard model of particle physics 
The standard model of physics has no  Majorana fermions, all particles are Dirac fermions. There are neutrinos, and anti-neutrinos. In the standard model, neutrinos have no mass, though. The question how to differentiate between neutrinos and anti-neutrinos is not settled yet.

## Extensions to the standard model 
There are different extensions of the standard model. One of them is called Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model. It allows for supersymmetry, and can transform one kind of particle, the bosons, into the other, the fermions.  In condensed matter physics, bound Majorana fermions can appear as quasiparticle excitations—the collective movement of several individual particles, not a single one, and they are governed by non-abelian statistics.

## References
Mark Rocco

**Mark Hussey** (11 May 1951 – 30 July 2020) was an English professional wrestler. He competed for Joint Promotions,  All Star Wrestling and the second BWF as **Mark "Rollerball" Rocco** and as the original masked **Black Tiger** in New Japan Pro Wrestling (NJPW) during the 1970s and '80s. 

He was known for appearing on ITV's *World of Sport*. He was born in Manchester, England.

Hussey died on 30 July 2020 at his home in Tenerife, Canary Islands at the age of 69.

## References
List of archives in Azerbaijan

This is a **list of archives in Azerbaijan**.

## Archives 
# State Archives of the Republic of Azerbaijan
# Archive of Political Documents of the Office of the President of Azerbaijan
# State Archives of Political Parties and Public Movements of the Republic of Azerbaijan
# State Archives of Scientific and Technical Documents of the Republic of Azerbaijan
# State Archives of Literature and Art of the Republic of Azerbaijan
# State Archives of Cinematographic Documents of the Republic of Azerbaijan
# State Archives of Sound Recordings of the Republic of Azerbaijan
# State Historical Archives of the Republic of Azerbaijan
# State Archives of the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic

## Related pages 
* National Archive Department of Azerbaijan
* List of archives
* List of libraries in Azerbaijan
* List of museums in Azerbaijan
* Culture of Azerbaijan

## Other websites 
* List of archives of state bodies and organizations in Azerbaijan (English)
Ance Féas

**Ance Féas** is a commune of the Pyrénées-Atlantiques *département* in the southwestern part of France. The municipality was created on 1 January 2017 and consists of the former communes of Féas (the seat) and Ance.

## References
Folklore (album)

***Folklore*** (styled in lowercase) is the eighth studio album by American recording artist Taylor Swift.  It was released on July 24, 2020.  Swift released the album as a surprise when her Lover fest stadium tour was canceled due to the 2019–20 coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. She produced the album with her longtime collaborator Jack Antonoff, along with Aaron Dessner. It is Swift's first album with a Parental Advisory logo. It was released to all music streaming platforms.

Swift announced the album the day before its release. She became the first artist to have a song and album both debut at number one in the same week and is the only artist to have seven of her albums enter at number one. The songs "the 1" and "exile" featuring Bon Iver entered at numbers four and six of the Hot 100.

## References
Nil sine numine

***Nil sine numine*** is the state motto of Colorado. In Latin, it means **Nothing without the Deity** or **Nothing without the divine will**.

## References
Anna Cropper

**Anna Cropper** (*née* **Roache**; 13 May 1938 — 22 January 2007) was an English actress. She was best known for playing Joan Akers in *Coronation Street*.

## Early life  
Cropper was born in Brierfield, Lancashire. She was the daughter of stage actress and director Margaret Cropper and dentist Jack Cropper.

## Personal life 
In 1961, she was married to the *Coronation Street* actor William Roache. The marriage ended in divorce in 1974. They had two children, son Linus Roache and daughter Vanya. Vanya died on 2 March 2018 aged 50.

## Death 
Cropper died suddenly at her home in Tangmere, West Sussex on January 2007 at 68. 

## References 
## Other websites 
*
Miss Teen USA

**Miss Teen USA**  is an American pageant. It is like the Miss USA pageant, except it is for teenagers (people between the ages of 13 and 19). It was founded on August 30, 1983. 

The current Miss Teen USA is Breanna Myles of Florida. She was the first Floridian to win Miss Teen USA.

## Miss Teen USA Winners 
## Notable Miss Teen USAs 
Notable Miss Teen USAs includeː 

* Shelley Hennig, Miss Teen USA 2004, of Louisiana
* Allie LaForce, Miss Teen USA 2005, of Ohio, who is now a reporter for Fox News
* Katie Blair, Miss Teen USA 2006, of Montana, who was the first Montana native in history to win a national pageant, and who also became Miss California USA in 2011
* Kaliegh Garris, Miss Teen USA 2019, of Connecticut, the current Miss Teen USA

## References
Caity Lotz

**Caitlin Marie Lotz** (born December 30, 1986), commonly known as *Caity Lotz* is an American actress, dancer, singer and director. She is best known for her role as Sara Lance in The CW series: *Arrow*, *Legends of Tomorrow*, *The Flash,* and *Supergirl*.

## Personal life 
Lotz have a husband, first child born in September 2024 and in August 19th 2025, Lotz and her husband expecting their second child together.

## Roles
### Movies
### Television
## Awards 
## References
## Other websites
*
*
Roscoff

**Roscoff** () is a commune. It is found in the region Brittany in the Finistère department in the northwest of France.

## References
Olivia Jordan

**Olivia Jordan Thomas** (born September 28, 1988) is an American model, actress, TV show host and beauty pageant titleholder from Oklahoma who won Miss USA 2015 and also finished 3rd in Miss Universe 2015. She was the first Oklahoman to be crowned Miss USA.

## Early life & education 
She was born to Bob and Jill Thomas on September 28, 1988, in Tulsa, Oklahoma. After her high school graduation, she went to Boston to attend Boston University. She graduated in May 2011 with a Bachelor of Science in Health Sciences.

Jordan soon joined the SAG and adopted the name Olivia Jordan. After college, she moved to Los Angeles, California, to do modeling and acting. She acted in the movie *Ted* during college and later acted in several other films. 

## Pageants 
Jordan began her career at the Miss California USA 2013 pageant, where she finished second. Later that year, she was named Miss World America 2013 and competed at the Miss World 2013 pageant, where she finished in the top 20 and also finished second for Top Model. 

On December 21, 2014, Jordan won Miss Oklahoma USA 2015 and went on to win Miss USA 2015 as well. She represented the United States in Miss Universe 2015 and finished third. 

## Personal life 
In 2018, she became engaged to actor Jay Hector. They married on November 8, 2019, in Palm Springs, California. 

## References 
## Other websites 
*
Amir Sarkhosh

**Amir Sarkhosh** (born May 30, 1991) is an Iranian snooker player.

Amir Sarkhosh won his first international position in Lebanon in 2013 and won a solo bronze and gold team in the West Asian championship, and has won three more in a team in 2013. After winning the Q Tour Global Playoff, he will turn professional in 2024.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Amir Sarkhosh at snooker.org
* Amir Sarkhosh at snookerdatabase.co.uk
Fareway

**Fareway Stores** is an American grocery company. Fareway is based in Boone, Iowa. It operates over 120 grocery stores in South Dakota, Nebraska, Minnesota, Iowa and Illinois. 

Fareway is a family-owned business in the Midwestern United States. Some stores open as early as 6am. Some remain open unti 11pm. All Fareway grocery stores are closed Sundays and major holidays.

Fareway was founded in 1938.
Chizu Kobayashi

**Chizu Kobayashi** is a Japanese professional Go player at Nihon Ki-in. She has several professional Go players in her relatives. Her brother is the president of Nihon Ki-in.
## Records
### Go promotion activities
She was sent to Europe and the United States for the promotion of Go. Due to this activity, she has several students from Europe. Some of them eventually obtained professional status at Nihon Ki-in.

## Family
Satoru Kobayashi is the strongest player in her family. He has obtained many domestic titles/awards and published many books. In 2016, he obtained 1100 career wins. He is the president of Nihon Ki-in since 2019.
## References
## Other websites
*Official website
*Personal website
Winn-Dixie

**Winn-Dixie** is a supermarket chain. They have stores in Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama and Florida. The company once served Oklahoma, Texas, South Carolina, North Carolina and New Mexico. Now, they mainly serve the Southeastern United States.

The company is headquartered in Jacksonville, Florida. 

Winn-Dixie has its private label Chek for sodas. The sodas have over 20 different flavors.

Winn-Dixie was established in 1925. It is owned by Southeastern Grocers.
Ayumi Ishida

**Ayumi Ishida** may refer to:

*Ayumi Ishida (actress) (born 1948), Japanese actress and pop singer
*Ayumi Ishida (singer) (born 1997), Japanese singer and dancer, member of the pop group Morning Musume
Joseph Kasa-Vubu

**Joseph Kasa-Vubu** ( 1890 – 24 March 1969) was a Congolese politician. He was the first President of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (then Republic of the Congo) from 1960 to 1965.

## Other websites 
*
One Tree Hill (TV show)

**One Tree Hill** is an American TV drama. It aired from 2003 to 2012. It is about two half-brothers, Lucas and Nathan Scott, who live in the town of Tree Hill in North Carolina. They play on the school basketball team and have romantic relationships.

## Characters 
* Lucas Scott 
* Nathan Scott
* Peyton Sawyer
* Haley James Scott
* Dan Scott
* Brooke Davis
* Brian "Whitey" Durham
* Keith Scott
* Karen Roe
* Deb Scott
* Marvin "Mouth" McFadden
* Antwon "Skills" Taylor
* Rachel Gatina
* Jamie Scott
* Millicent Huxtable
* Julian Baker
* Clay Evans
* Quinn James
* Alex Dupre
* Chase Adams
* Chris Keller
Le Chaudron infernal

***Le Chaudron infernal*** is a French silent trick movie made in 1903. It was directed by  Georges Méliès. In  Britain it was released as ***The Infernal Cauldron*** and in the United States as ***The Infernal Caldron and the Phantasmal Vapors***. It was released by Méliès's Star Film Company and is numbered 499–500 in its catalogues.

## Plot 
In a Renaissance chamber decorated with devilish faces and a warped coat of arms, a gleeful Satan throws three human victims into a cauldron, which spews out flames. The victims rise from the cauldron as nebulous ghosts, and then turn into fireballs. The fireballs multiply and pursue Satan around the chamber. Finally Satan himself leaps into the infernal cauldron, which gives off a final burst of flame.

## Versions 
The movies Meliès did before 1903 were often pirated by  American producers. This is especially true for his popular movie *A Trip to the Moon*.  To fight against this product piracy, Méliès opened an American branch of his Star Film Company. He began producing two negatives of each movie he made: one for home markets, and one for foreign release. To produce the two separate negatives, Méliès built a special camera that used two lenses and two reels of film.

In the 2000s, researchers at the French film company Lobster Films noticed that Méliès's two-lens system was a fully functional, stereo film camera.  3D versions of Meliè' movies could e made by combining the domestic and foreign prints of the film. Serge Bromberg, the founder of Lobster Films, presented 3D versions of *The Infernal Cauldron* and another 1903 Méliès film, *The Oracle of Delphi*, at a January 2010 presentation at the Cinémathèque Française. According to the film critic Kristin Thompson, "the effect of 3D was delightful … the films as synchronized by Lobster looked exactly as if Méliès had designed them for 3D." Bromberg screened both films again—as well as the 1906 Méliès film *The Mysterious Retort*, similarly prepared for 3D—at a September 2011 presentation at the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences.

## References 
## Other websites 
*
Iron County, Michigan

**Iron County** is a county in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2020 census, 11,631 people live here. The county seat is Crystal Falls.

## References
Resurreccion Borra

**Resurreccion Borra** (October 20, 1935 – August 1, 2020) was a Filipino public servant. He worked as a Career Executive Service Officer (CESO). He also was a commissioner and was the Acting Chairman of the Philippine Commission on Elections. During his term, he became known for forcing strict rules on impeachment.  He also tried to fight against bribery in mayoral races in Manila. He was also critical of the use of modern election machines in the Philippines. 

## Career
He was nominated to the job by then President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo to be COMELEC Commissioner in 2001. He was also nominated by her in 2007 to be Chairman of the Commission on Elections. His nomination was seen as a surprising move after the sudden resignation of former Benjamin Abalos.

He was the most senior Commissioner of COMELEC. He retired in 2008. 

In 2003, an investigation and call for him to be criminally charged happened after it was found that he favored some election machine companies over others due to bribes.

## Personal life
Borra was born in Janiuay, Iloilo, Philippine Islands. He died on August 1, 2020 in Manila at the age of 84.

## References
David Darcy

**David Darcy** (11 August 19431 August 2020) was an Australian rules footballer. He played for Footscray in the Victorian Football League (VFL) during the 1960s. 

Darcy also played for and coached South Adelaide in the South Australian National Football League (SANFL). He started his career at half forward but in his second season moved to defence where he excelled.  

Darcy died on 1 August 2020, aged 76.

## References
Julio Diamante

**Julio Diamante** (27 December 1930 – 1 August 2020) was a Spanish movie director and screenwriter. He directed ten movies between 1959 and 1976. His 1965 movie *El arte de vivir* was entered into the 15th Berlin International Film Festival. He also directed *Sex o no sex*. Diamante was born in Cádiz, Spain.

Diamante died on 1 August 2020 in Madrid, aged 89.

## References
Feri Horvat

**Feri Horvat** (; 26 September 1941 – 1 August 2020) was a Slovenian manager and politician. He was one of the founders of the United List of Social Democrats. Between July and October 2004, he served as speaker of the Slovenian National Assembly.

## References
Vitold Kreyer

**Vitold Anatolievich Kreyer** (, 12 October 1932 – 1 August 2020) was a Russian  triple jumper. He competed in the 1956, 1960 and 1964 Olympics and won bronze medals in 1956 and 1960. He won the Soviet title in 1960 and 1961 but failed to reach the finals at the 1958 and 1962 European Championships.

## References
Stan Mellor

**Stanley Thomas Edward Mellor**  (10 April 1937 – 1 August 2020) was a National Hunt jockey and trainer. He was the first jockey to ride 1,000 winners and Champion Jockey three years in a row from 1960 to 1962.

Mellor died on 1 August 2020, aged 83.

## References
Khosrow Sinai

**Khosrow Sinai** (, 19 January 1941 – 1 August 2020) was an Iranian movie director, screenwriter, music composer and scholar. He was born in Sari, Iran. He was known for his movie *In the Alleys of Love*.

Sinai died on 1 August 2020 in Tehran from COVID-19, aged 79.

## References
*
Amar Singh (politician)

**Amar Singh** (27 January 1956 – 1 August 2020) was an Indian politician. He was one of the leaders of the Samajwadi Party. He was a member of the Rajya Sabha from 2016 until his death. 

On August 1, 2020, at the age of 64, Singh died from kidney failure at a hospital in Singapore. 

## References
Andre Ptaszynski

**André Ptaszynski** (7 May 1953 – 29 July 2020) was a British theatre producer. He was a president of The Society of London Theatre and was on the board of the Royal National Theatre from 2001 to 2010.  

He died on 29 July 2020 at the age of 67.

## References
Bob McCurdy

**Robert McCurdy** (February 26, 1952July 29, 2020) was an American college basketball player. He played for the Richmond Spiders from 1973 to 1975. He began his collegiate career with the Virginia Cavaliers before transferring to Richmond. He was born in Deer Park, New York.

McCurdy died on July 29, 2020 from anal cancer in Connecticut, aged 68.

## References
Iosco County, Michigan

**Iosco County** is a county in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2020 census, 25,237 people live here. The county seat is Tawas City.

## References
Olive Ann Alcorn

**Olive Ann Alcorn** (October 2, 1900 &ndash; January 8, 1972) was an American dancer, model, and silent movie actress of the 1910s and 1920s. She was known for the many nude photographs of her from the era than for her movie work.

## References
## Other websites
* Olive Ann Alcorn at silentera.com
* Silent Film Star: Olive Ann Alcorn at Noir and Chick Flicks
* The Phantom of the Opera 1925
Khalil Taha

**Khalil Taha** (13 July 1932 &ndash; 27 July 2020) was a Lebanese wrestler. At the 1951 Mediterranean Games in Alexandria Egypt, Taha won the silver medal in the 73&nbsp;kg Greco-Roman wrestling.

At the 1952 Summer Olympics, he won the bronze medal in the men's Greco-Roman Welterweight category.

## References
John Guinness

**Sir John Ralph Sidney Guinness** CBE (23 December 1935 &ndash; 27 July 2020) was a British civil servant and businessman.

Guinness was a member of HM Diplomatic Service and had worked in the Cabinet Office and was Permanent Secretary of the Department of Energy. from 1991 to 1992 and Chairman of British Nuclear Fuels Ltd from 1992 to 1993.

He died on 27 July 2020.

## References
Bill English (computer engineer)

**William Kirk English** (January 27, 1929 – July 26, 2020) was an American computer engineer. He was known for helping create the computer mouse while working for Douglas Engelbart at SRI International's Augmentation Research Center. He would later work for Xerox PARC and Sun Microsystems.

English died of respiratory failure in San Rafael, California on July 26, 2020, aged 91.

## References
Wang Hai

**Wang Hai** (; 19 January 1926 &ndash; 2 August 2020) was a Chinese retired fighter pilot and general. He was a flying ace of the Korean War. He was Commander of the People's Liberation Army Air Force (PLAAF) from 1985 to 1992. He was awarded the rank of general (*shang jiang*) in 1988. He was born in Shandong, China.

Wang died on 2 August 2020 in Beijing, aged 94.

## References
Hall in Tirol

**Hall in Tirol** is a town in the district of Innsbruck-Land in the Austrian state of Tyrol.

## References 
## Other websites 
*
Judith Collins

**Judith Anne Collins** (born 24 February 1959) is a New Zealand politician. She was the Leader of the New Zealand National Party and Leader of the Opposition from 2020 until 2021. She has been the Member of Parliament (MP) for Papakura since 2002. He was a government minister under John Key and Bill English.

## References
Todd Muller

**Todd Michael Muller** (; born 23 December 1968) is a New Zealand politician. He was the Leader of the New Zealand National Party and the Leader of the Opposition from 22 May to 14 July 2020. 

He entered Parliament at the 2014 general election as the MP for Bay of Plenty.

Muller resigned on 14 July 2020, stating, "I am not the best person to be Leader of the Opposition and Leader of the New Zealand National Party at this critical time for New Zealand" and that the role has had a negative impact on his health.

## References
Terumi Koyama

**Terumi Koyama (小山栄美)** is a Japanese professional Go player at Nihon Ki-in. Her husband, son and father in law are also professional Go players.
## Records
## Notes
Black Moon (1975 movie)

***Black Moon*** is a 1975 French West German horror movie directed by Louis Malle and starring Cathryn Harrison, Joe Dallesandro, Therese Giehse, and Alexandra Stewart.

## Other websites 
* 
* 
* 
*
Dirac fermion

In particle physics, a **Dirac fermion** is a particle that is different from its antiparticle. This is true for most particles. In the standard model of physics, each particle has its antiparticle. They are named for Paul Dirac, and can be modeled with the Dirac equation.

A Dirac fermion is equivalent to two Weyl fermions. The counterpart to a Dirac fermion is a Majorana fermion, a particle that must be its own antiparticle. Neutrinos are particles without an electric charge, they might be Majorana fermions.

## References
List of Azerbaijani chess players

This is a complete **list of Azerbaijani chess title-holders** as of October 2019.

## Grandmasters
## International Masters
## Women Grandmasters
## Women International Masters
## Related pages
* Chess in Azerbaijan
* Azerbaijan Chess Federation
* Azerbaijani Chess Championship

## Other websites
* Elo rating list of top 100 Azerbaijani chess players  FIDE
* Official Website of the Azerbaijan Chess Federation (ACF) 
* Azerbaijan Chess Federation
Zhaksylyk Ushkempirov

**Zhaksylyk Ushkempirov** (6 May 1951 &ndash; 2 August 2020) was a light-flyweight Greco-Roman wrestler from Kazakhstan. He won an Olympic gold medal in 1980 and a world title in 1981.

Ushkempirov took up wrestling in 1969 and won the Soviet title in 1975 and 1980. 

## References
Syed Iftikhar Ul Hassan

**Syed Iftikhar Ul Hassan** (; 2 February 1942 &ndash; 2 August 2020) was a Pakistani politician. He was a member of the National Assembly of Pakistan from August 2018 until his death. He was a member of the National Assembly from June 2013 to May 2018. He was a member of the Pakistan Muslim League (N). 

Hassan died on 2 August 2020 at the age of 78.

## References
Kamal Rani Varun

**Kamal Rani Varun** (3 May 1958 &ndash; 2 August 2020) was an Indian politician. She was member of Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly from 2017 to 2020. She was also a member of Eleventh and Twelfth Lok Sabha between 1996 and 1999. She was born in Lucknow. Varun was a member of the Bharatiya Janata Party.

On 2 August 2020, Varun died at a hospital in Lucknow at the age of 62 from COVID-19.

## References
José Vicente Anaya

**José Vicente Anaya** (22 January 1947 &ndash; 1 August 2020) was a Mexican writer, poet and cultural journalist. He was born in Chihuahua, Mexico. He wrote over thirty books and was part of the Infrarealism poetry movement in Mexico City. He also translated poems of Allen Ginsberg and Carl Sandburg.

Anaya died on 1 August 2020 in Mexico City, aged 73.

## References
Male privilege

**Male privilege** is the system of advantages or rights that men have because of their sex. 

Special privileges and status are granted to males in patriarchal societies.

Many men have responded to this by saying that they do not feel that they have been given any unearned advantages, such as in their struggles to find success in employment, education, or relationships. Supporters for men's rights and father's rights as well as anti-feminist men often accept that men's traditional roles are damaging to men.

## References
Roger Williams (American politician)

**John Roger Williams** (born September 13, 1949) is an American businessman and politician. He has been the U.S. Representative for Texas's 25th congressional district since 2013. He is a member of the Republican Party. He worked for Governor Rick Perry as Secretary of State of Texas from November 2004 to July 1, 2007.

With a net worth of $27.7 million, Williams is one of the wealthiest members of Congress.

## References
The Art of Living (movie)

***The Art of Living*** () is a 1965 Spanish drama movie directed by Julio Diamante (who also stars). Also starring María del Carmen Aberu, Anastasio Alemán, Beatriz Galbó, and Juan Luis Galiardo.

## Other websites
*
Bill Battle

**William Raines Battle III** (December 8, 1941 – November 28, 2024) was an American college athletics administrator and football coach. He was the athletic director of the University of Alabama from 2013 to 2017. He was born in Birmingham, Alabama. He coached the Tennessee Volunteers between 1970 and 1976.

In August 2020, it was reported Battle was hospitalized for COVID-19. He died on November 28, 2024 at the age of 82.

## References
Wim Scherpenhuijsen Rom

**Willem Elmert “Wim” Scherpenhuijsen Rom** (15 March 1933 – 31 July 2020) was a Dutch banker. He was co-founder of the ING Group.

Scherpenhuijsen Rom started working at NMB Bank in 1967. He was main person in the fusion between NMB Bank and Postbank in 1989. He became CEO of the ING Group in 1992. He was also highly involved in the merger of NMB Postbank Group and Nationale-Nederlanden in the early 1990s.

Scherpenhuijsen Rom died on 31 July 2020, aged 87.

## References
Ted Yoho

**Theodore Scott Yoho**  (born April 13, 1955) is an American politician, veterinarian, and businessman. He was a member of the U.S. Representative from  between 2013 to 2021. He is a member of the Republican Party and is known for calling Alexndria Ocasio Cortez a "f***ing b****". 

In the 2012 Republican primary election for the district, Yoho beat long-term incumbent U.S. Congressman Cliff Stearns. In December 2019, Yoho announced that he would not run for re-election to Congress in 2020.

## References
Deer Park, New York

**Deer Park** is a hamlet and census-designated place (CDP) in the town of Babylon, Suffolk County, New York, United States. The population was 28,837 at the 2020 census.

## References
Naft Masjed Soleyman F.C.

**Naft Masjed Soleyman Football Club** () is an Iranian LOR football club based in Masjed-Soleyman, Iran.

## Other websites
* Official Website
* Players
Executive order

An **executive order** or **executive decree** is a rule or order, or a law made by a head of state (president or monarch) who has this power given to him by the constitution of the country. The order tells ministries, agencies, the civil service and the military of a state the things that they must do.

Executive orders can be stopped by the courts in a process called judicial review. They may be stopped by the courts or the legislature if they are against laws or against the constitution. 

However, in countries where there is no real separation of powers and the head of state is actually a dictator, the executive order cannot be stopped by the courts or the legislature, which as a result have no powers and are controlled by him. In many cases, the head of state with dictatorial powers often rules the country by making executive orders rather than making laws in the legislature which he also controls.

Executive orders have a big effect on the internal affairs of the government and on the citizens. They decide how and to what degree legislation will be enforced. They also deal with emergencies and wars.
Idlib Governorate

**Idlib Governorate** ( ) is one of the fourteen governorates of Syria. Its capital is Idlib. The governorate is controlled by the rebel group Tahrir al-Sham but other rebel groups such as Ahrar al-Sham are also based in Idlib. 

## References
Two Guys from Milwaukee

***Two Guys from Milwaukee*** is a 1946 American comedy movie directed by David Butler and starring Dennis Morgan, Jack Carson, Joan Leslie, Janis Paige, Rosemary DeCamp. It was distributed by Warner Bros. and was followed up in 1948 by *Two Guys from Texas*.

## Other websites
* 
*
Rumex spinosus

**Lesser Jack** (Rumex spinosus) is a Mediterrenean plant that grows annually, in which its large leaves usually have three spines.

## References
Dirigo

In Latin, ***Dirigo*** means "I direct". This phrase is the state motto of Maine, by analogy of it appearing on the state's seal. 

## References
United we stand, divided we fall

**United we stand, divided we fall** is a phrase that is used in many mottos and phrases, often used to inspire unity. It is also used in its short form "**United we stand**". Aesop made up the phrase (and possibly invented it) in his stories The Four Oxen and the Lion directly and in ":The Bundle of Sticks" indirectly. It is the state motto of Kentucky, adopted on December 30, 1792 and in the Seal of Missouri

## Creation 
The phrase was first used by Aesop in his fable, “The Four Oxen and the Lion”.

### Bible Reference 
A similar phase is in the New Testament, translated from Koine Greek to English in Mark 3:25 as “And if a house be divided against itself, that house cannot stand”. Also similar quotes is in Matthew 12:25 and Luke 11:17

## References
Gwichʼin language

The **Gwichʼin langauge** (*Dinju Zhuh Kʼyuu* in Gwichʼin) is a language spoken by the Gwichʼin people in Canada and Alaska.

## Today 
Gwichʼin is now an endangered language because most Gwichʼin now speak English.

## Sounds 
Gwichʼin has a lot of sounds that are not found in English.

Consonants

## References
Nyctimystes myolae

***Nyctimystes myolae*** is a tree frog from Papua New Guinea.  Scientists found this frog near the village of Myola village, at 2000 meters above sea level.

This frog is brown in color.  Scientists say it is related to the common big-eyed tree frog, *Nyctimystes narinosus*.

## References
Xoloitzcuintle

The **Xoloitzcuintle** (), or **Xolo**, also known as the **Mexican hairless dog**, is a breed of dog from Mexico. Most have no hair but some are born with hair (coated). The Xolo also has wrinkled skin. It is found in three sizes: toy, miniature, and standard. Its name is from the Nahuatl language, where it is called *xōlōitzcuintli* (singular) The name comes from the god *Xolotl* and *itzcuīntli*, meaning dog in Nahuatl.

## References
The Luck of the Irish (1948 movie)

***The Luck of the Irish*** is a 1948 American romantic fantasy comedy movie directed by Henry Koster and starring Tyrone Power, Anne Baxter, Cecil Kellaway is his Oscar nominated role, Lee J. Cobb, Jayne Meadows. It was distributed by 20th Century Fox.

## Other websites
*
Kunigami language

The **Kunigami language** (Kunigami: 山原言葉, *Yanbaru kutūba*) is an endangered Ryukyuan language spoken in the Kunigami area of Okinawa, Japan.

Japan calls it a dialect while most linguists put Kunigami as its own language within the Ryukyuan languages group.

Kunigami is somewhat understandable to people who speak the Okinawan language. However, Japanese speakers wouldn’t be able to understand Kunigami. There are also different dialects of Kunigami, such as the one on Okinoerabu.

## Phrases 
### Okinoerabu dialect 
Thank you. = みへでぃろ。(Mihediro).

Welcome. = うがみやぶら。/ めんしょーり。(Ugamiyabura. / Menshoori.)

## Music 
A famous sanshin song known as “Aha Bushi” is sung in Kunigami.

## Related pages 
* Ryukyuan languages
* Okinawan languages

## References
Brick red

**Brick red** is a maroon-like color similar to the color of a brick. The name comes from its similarity to the color of a brick.

## Related pages
* List of colors
Junrey Balawing

**Junrey Balawing** ( ; ; born June 12, 1993 – July 28, 2020) was a Filipino record holder at the Guinness World Records for the  world's shortest man alive measuring at  tall. The declaration came during Balawing's 18th birthday celebration. 

Guinness World Records official said Balawing broke the record of Khagendra Thapa Magar of Nepal, who was  tall.

## References
Juan Ramón

**Juan Ramón** (born as **Ellery Guy Rech**; 13 January 1940 – 30 July 2020) was an Argentine singer and actor. He was born in Cañada de Gómez, Santa Fe. He was known for his Spanish dubbing of classic to pop French songs by Christophe such as "Aline". He also created the soundtrack for the 1970 French-Italian movie *Road to Salina*.

Ramón died of pneumonia-related problems in Buenos Aires on 30 July 2020, aged 80.

## References
Herbert Leuninger

**Herbert Leuninger** (8 September 1932 – 28 July 2020) was a German Catholic priest and theologian. He was a human rights activist for asylum in Germany. He was a co-founder of the organisation Pro Asyl, helping refugees, and a member of the board of the European Council on Refugees and Exiles. He was born in Cologne.

Leininger died after a short illness in Limburg on 28 July 2020 at the age of 87.

## References
Randal Kleiser

**John Randal Kleiser** (born July 20, 1946) is an American movie and television director, producer and screenwriter. He is best known for directing the 1978 musical romantic-comedy movie *Grease*. He was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

## References
## Other websites
* 
* Official website
Joseph Jerome Farris

**Joseph Jerome Farris** (March 4, 1930 – July 23, 2020) was an American politician and lawyer. He was the Senior United States Circuit Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit between 1979 until his death. Farris was nominated by President Jimmy Carter. Farris was born in Birmingham, Alabama. 

Farris died on July 23, 2020 in Seattle, Washington at the age of 90.

## References
Tom Pollock

**Thomas Philip Pollock** (April 10, 1943 – August 1, 2020) was an American movie producer and studio executive. He started his career as an entertainment lawyer. He was the Chairman of the Board of Trustees of the American Film Institute.

He was an Adjunct Professor of Film at the University of California Santa Barbara. He was also co-owner of The Montecito Picture Company. Pollock was known for producing *Hitchcock*. He was born in Los Angeles.

Pollock died on August 1, 2020 from a heart attack in Los Angeles, aged 77.

## References