open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Désirée Clary

**Bernardine Eugénie Désirée Clary** (8 November 1777 – 17 December 1860) was Queen of Sweden and Norway from 5 February 1818 to 8 March 1844. Her husband was King Charles XIV John. Her son was King Oscar I. Before she married, she was engaged to Napoleon Bonaparte.

## Life
Desirée Clary was born in Marseille, France. Her father was François Clary, a silk manufacturer and merchant. Her mother was Françoise Rose Somis.

Desirée sister was Julie Clary. Julie married Joseph Bonaparte. She later became Queen of Naples and Spain.

Her brother was Nicholas Joseph Clary, later Count Clary.

]]
WhenDesirée was a child, she was educated in a convent. When she was 11 years old, the French Revolution took place and convents were closed. Desirée returned to live with her parents. She was home-schooled after that.

In 1794, Desirée met Joseph Bonaparte, the brother of Napoleon Bonaparte. Joseph was soon engaged to Julie Clary. Désirée was engaged to Napoleon Bonaparte on 21 April 1795. Napoleon became involved with Joséphine de Beauharnais. He broke the engagement to Desirée on 6 September 1795. He married Joséphine in 1796.

For a short time, Desirée was engaged to Mathurin-Léonard Duphot, a French general. People thought that the engagement was Napoleon's idea to make up for breaking their engagement. Duphot liked Clary's dowry and the fact that she was the sister-in-law of Napoleon. On 30 December 1797, Duphot was killed in a riot in Rome. Later in her life, Desirée said that her engagement to Duphot had never existed.

On 17 August 1798, Desirée married Jean Baptiste Jules Bernadotte, another French general and politician. On 4 July 1799, their son, Oscar, was born. They never had any other children.

In August 1810, Bernadotte was elected heir to the throne of Sweden. Desirée did not want to leave France, but had to move to Sweden. Her husband moved first. She and their son left later and arrived there on 22 December 1810.

## In Sweden
Desirée did not like Sweden. She hated the snow so much that she cried. In summer 1811, she returned to France without her husband and son. She lived there as a private citizen and not as royalty.

In summer 1822, Desirée son traveled outside Sweden to find a wife. He met with Desirée two times during his travels. In 1823, Desirée went to Sweden with Josephine of Leuchtenberg, the woman her son was going to marry. Desirée stayed in Sweden the rest of her life.

On 21 August 1829, Desirée was crowned Queen of Sweden. She was never crowned Queen of Norway because of religious differences.

]]
In 1844, Desirée husband, Charles XIV John, died, and her son Oscar became king. When Oscar died in 1859, his son Charles became king.

Desirée Clary died at age 83. In December 1860. 

## References
Wetaskiwin

in Wetaskiwin]]
**Wetaskiwin** is a city in the Canadian province of Alberta. It is  south of Edmonton. In 2021, 12,594 people live in Wetaskiwin. It is home to the Reynolds-Alberta Museum.

## References
2024 Florida Amendment 4

**Florida Amendment 4** is a proposed change to the Florida Constitution that voters will decide on November 5, 2024. Voting "yes" on Florida Amendment 4 would make abortion legal until fetal viability (meaning any time before a fetus can live outside the womb), which is generally considered to be around 23–24 weeks. It would also permit abortions when it would be necessary to protect a patient’s health, as determined by a health care provider. Voting "no" on Florida Amendment 4 would leave abortions illegal in Florida after 6 weeks unless two physicians are willing to state that the pregnant person would die without one.

## References
Constitution of Florida

The **Constitution of the State of Florida** is the document that establishes the basic law of Florida, an state of The United States. The current Constitution of Florida was ratified on November 5, 1968.

Florida has had six different sets of rules (or constitutions) since it became part of the United States. But before that, when Florida was still part of Spain, they had a special Spanish set of rules (or constitution) in 1812 called "La Constitución de Cádiz."

## References
Jab Mila Tu

***Jab Mila Tu*** () is an Indian Hindi-language drama television series which aired on JioCinema from 22 January 2024 to 26 February 2024. The series stars Mohsin Khan, Eisha Singh, Pratik Sehajpal and Alisha Chopra.

## Cast 
* Mohsin Khan as Maddy
* Eisha Singh as Aneri
* Pratik Sehajpal as Jigar
* Alisha Chopra as Mint

## Production 
The series was announced on JioCinema. Principal photography of the series wrapped in December 2023.

## Music 
## Reception 
A critic writing for *Times Now* gave the series  out of 5 stars. Arpita Mondal of *Midgard Times* awarded the series six-and-a-half out of ten stars.

## References 
## Other websites 
* 
* *Jab Mila Tu* on JioCinema
Vosges mountains

]]
The **Vosges** are a mountain range in the east of France, between the plains of Alsace and Lorraine. They roughly run southwest to northeast. The Vosges are about  long. They cover an area between . They can be subdivided into low middle and high Vosges. Their highest elevation is the Grand Ballon. It rises to . Towards Alsace, the slopes are often steep. The French département with the same name covers a part of the mountain range. The Palatinate Forest is to the north. Both together form one of the largest wooded areas in western Europe.
Duple Metsec

**Duple Metsec** was a builder of bus bodies. They were founded in West Midlands in England in the United Kingdom. They made bus bodies for bus companies in Singapore.

## Models 
### Duple Metsec "R" bodywork 
The Duple Metsec "R" was a single-decker body of a bus. It had a step-entrance. It had 2 axles. It was built from 1988 to 1995.

It was built for different types of  bus chassis such as the Volvo B10M chassis and Mercedes-Benz O405 chassis.

#### Gallery 

File:DennisDart-SBST-Ext.JPG|SBS Transit's Dennis Dart with Duple Metsec bodywork
File:MBo405 sbs423p 268.jpg|SBS Transit's Mercedes-Benz O405 with Duple Metsec bodywork
File:SBS0823T on 16.jpg|SBS Transit's Volvo B10M Mark III with Duple Metsec bodywork

### Duple Metsec "W" bodywork 
The Duple Metsec "W"  was a double-decker body of a bus. It had a step-entrance. It had 2 axles. It was built from 1970s to 1998.

It was built for different types of  bus chassis such as;

* Daimler/Leyland Fleetline chassis
* Leyland Atlantean chassis
* Dennis Jubilant chassis
* Leyland Victory Mark 2 chassis
* Dennis Dominator chassis
* Dennis Dragon chassis
* Dennis Condor chassis.

#### Gallery 

File:DC9328.jpg|A Dennis Dominator with Duple Metsec-bodywork operated by KMB, Hong Kong.
File:Evers Dennis Jubilant HK KMB.JPG|A Dennis Jubilant with Duple Metsec-bodywork operated by KMB, Hong Kong.

#### Duple Metsec Dragons and Condors 
The Duple Metsec "W"  was a double-decker body of a bus. It had a step-entrance. It had 3 axles. It was built from 1982 to 1996.

It was built for the Dennis Dragon chassis and Dennis Condor chassis. It was made for China Motor Bus and Kowloon Motor Bus.

##### Gallery 

File:GH469.jpg|A Dennis Dragon with Duple Metsec-bodywork operated by Citybus, Hong Kong.
File:802 CTB 10(Back side).jpg|A Dennis Dragon with Duple Metsec-bodywork rear operated by Citybus, Hong Kong.

### Duple Metsec DM3500 
Duple Metsec DM3500 was a single-decker body of a bus. It had a step-entrance. It had 2 axles. It was built from 1997 to 2000.

It was built on the Volvo B10M chassis for SBS Transit .

#### Gallery 

File:SBS Transit B10M Mk4, S2006.JPG|SBS Transit's Volvo B10M Mark IV with Duple Metsec DM3500 bodywork
File:SBS903X.JPG|SBS Transit's Volvo B10M Mark IV with Duple Metsec DM3500 bodywork

### Duple Metsec DM5000 
Duple Metsec DM5000 was a double-decker body of a bus. It had a low-floor. It had 3 axles. It was built for the Dennis Trident 3 chassis.

New World First Bus, Citybus, Kowloon Motor Bus of Hong Kong and SBS Transit of Singapore ordered Trident 3s with Duple Metsec DM5000 bodies.

The Duple Metsec DM5000 was made until 2002.

#### Gallery 

File:JC1611.jpg|KMB's Dennis Trident 3 with Duple Metsec DM5000 bodywork
File:Sgtrident.JPG|SBS Transit's Dennis Trident 3 with Duple Metsec DM5000 bodywork

## References
## Other websites
*Duple Metsec
Thaomei

**Thaomei** (), also spelled as **Thaumei** (), is a traditional Meitei lamp. The Meitei language word "Thaomei", is derived from "Thao" (), meaning "oil" and "Mei" (), meaning "fire".

Lighting thaomei lamps for devotion (lai thaomei thaba) is a highly fashionable duty to be performed by the Meitei woman in every households.
## Types 
### Khoiru Thaomei 
In Meitei language, khoiru thāomei () refers to a "lamp of wax."
Khoi‑ru () refers to bee, which is a significant part of the term. It symbolises the source of light or energy.

## In traditional Meitei religion 
### Worship of household deities 
Thaomei (a lamp) plays an important role in the daily religious practices of the Meitei people. It is used in the worship of deities like Lainingthou Sanamahi and Leimaren Sidabi.
When worshipping Lainingthou Sanamahi, the god of the household and protector of the family, the Thaomei is lit to show respect and to ask for blessings of protection and prosperity.
Similarly, in the worship of Leimaren Sidabi, the goddess, the Thaomei is also used to honor her and seek her divine blessings.
In both practices, the Thaomei symbolizes light, energy, and spiritual connection, making it an essential part of the daily rituals that bring divine blessings into the home.

## In Meitei festivals 
### Mera Thaomei Thaanba 
During the Mera Hou Chongba and Mera Chaorel Houba festivals, one important ritual is lighting thaomei lamps at the end of bamboo poles, called “Mera Thaomei Thaanba.” This act symbolizes safety for the community.
Throughout the festival, the Meitei people light thaomei lamps in their courtyards every evening. The lights represent safety and divine blessings.
The main celebrations happen at the Kangla Palace and Sana Konung Palace in Imphal, where large festivals and rituals are held to celebrate the festival’s importance. The lighting of lamps is a key part of this tradition.

## References 
## Other websites
Crisis pregnancy center

A **crisis pregnancy center** (CPC), also known as a pregnancy resource center (PRC) or anti-abortion or pro-life pregnancy center, is a type of nonprofit organization created by people who are against abortion. Their goal is to convince pregnant women to not have an abortion. 

There are many crisis pregnancy centers. For example, in the United States, there are about 2,500 to 4,000 crisis pregnancy centers. Some are medical clinics that offer pregnancy tests and ultrasounds, but many do not have medical licenses. There are also CPCs in other regions or countries like Canada, Latin America, Africa, and Europe.  

CPCs sometimes tell wrong things about abortions to make it seem more dangerous than it really is.    They might also give incorrect information about condoms and how to stay safe from diseases. For this, some people in favor of abortions or pro-choise call them “fake abortion clinics” because their ads don’t always tell the whole truth.    

Some laws have been made to stop these places from using confusing ads and to make sure they say if they don’t do abortions or have doctors.

## References
Middle Cretaceous

The Middle Cretaceous is the second part of the Cretaceous, and likely has hosted a variety of dinosaurs.

## Dinosaurs featured 
This period has had a full collection of dinosaurs. Some of the most common plant-eaters of this timeline had to watch out for meat-eaters.
Abortion in Florida

**Abortion in Florida** is mostly illegal after six weeks of pregnancy. Many women do not know they are pregnant in the first six weeks. This law started in May 2024 and was signed by Governor Ron DeSantis. Only Republican lawmakers supported the law, while Democrats were against it. Since 2015, women must also visit a doctor twice, 24 hours apart, before getting an abortion. This rule was made by Governor Rick Scott.

There are some exceptions to the six-week ban. A woman may get an abortion up to 15 weeks if her pregnancy is from rape, incest, or human trafficking. She needs to show proof of this. Another exception is if doctors find that the fetus has a condition that will cause it to die before birth. In this case, two doctors must agree. Also, if the mother’s life is in danger, an abortion can happen at any time.

From 1868 to 1972, abortion was illegal in Florida unless it was needed to save the mother's life. In 1973, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that abortion was a right in the Roe v. Wade case. However, in 2022, the Supreme Court overturned this decision in the Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health Organization case, giving states like Florida the power to make their own abortion laws.

In November 2024, people in Florida voted on Amendment 4, a proposed change to the Florida Constitution. This amendment would have stopped the Florida Legislature from banning abortion before the fetus can survive outside the womb, which is usually around 23 to 24 weeks. If the amendment passes, it would have cancelled current laws like the six-week ban. The amendment received 57% of votes, but it needed 60% of voters to agree, so it failed.

## References
Dennis Javelin

The **Dennis Javelin** was a chassis of a coach. It was made from 1986 to 2010 by Dennis and then Alexander Dennis. 

It replaced the Bedford Y series.

2,000 Javelins were made, 500 were ordered by the Ministry of Defence.

## Bodyworks 
The following bodyworks was built on the Javelin chassis:

* Berkhof Axial bodywork
* Berkhof Axial 50 bodywork
* Berkhof Excellence bodywork
* Caetano Algarve bodywork
* Caetano Cutlass bodywork
* Caetano Enigma bodywork
* Caetano Porto F bodywork

* Plaxton Excalibur bodywork
* Plaxton Paramount bodywork
* Plaxton Premiere bodywork
* Plaxton Profile bodywork 
* UVG UniStar bodywork

## Exports
In 1996, Australian operator Fearne's Coaches ordered four Javelins with MotorCoach Australia bodywork.

From 1999 to 2005, New Zealand operator Ritchies Coachlines ordered nine Javelins with Designline bodywork and Kiwi Bus Builders bodywork.

## Notes
## References
## Other websites
*Product description Alexander Dennis
Old Gallo-Romance

**Old Gallo-Romance** is a Romance language spoken from around 600 to 900 AD.

## Literature 
Old Gallo-Romance literature consists of a few texts, with them including the Oaths of Strasbourg (also written in Old High Frankish). Texts that precede the Oaths of Strasbourg include the Kassel and Reichenau glosses.
 
## References
Ting Ting Chaoro

**Ting Ting Chaoro** () is a traditional Meitei language song. It is usually sung by mothers while bathing their children. It is also sung by the maibis (traditional Meitei priestesses) during Lai Haraoba festival.

## Related pages 
* Tha Tha Thabungton
* Te Te Tenawa

## References 
## Other websites
Jeholosaurus

**Jeholosaurus** is a species of iguanodont that socializes in living on the forests. It lived on the planet during the early Cretaceous period, and was once thought to be a relative of the bird *Archaeopteryx* in 1992. Now, that's false, and it was finally confirmed to be a plant-eating dinosaur.

## Diet habits 
*Jeholosaurus* was once thought to feed on plants, but today, it may be omnivorous.

## Relatives 
*Jeholosaurus* had a lot of relatives, such as *Dryosaurus* and *Nanosaurus*, well as *Fruitadens*, *Heterodontosaurus*, *Lesothosaurus*, *Hypsilophodon* and *Leallynasaura*.

## Popular culture 
Jeholosaurus is indeed a famous dinosaur, and it has been depicted in a lot of media, such as Sir Arthur Conan Doyle's film adaption of *The Lost World* novel, and Planet Dinosaur. However, it was more famously known as *Hypsilophodon* in some culture.
Developer

**Developer** may be:

## Computers
*Software developer, a person or organization who develops software
*Video game developer, a person or business who develops games
*Web developer, a programmer who develops applications in the internet

## Other uses
**Developer* (album), the fifth album by indie rock band Silkworm
Free solo climbing

**Free solo climbing** is a type of rock climbing where the climber does not use a rope, harness, or other safety gear. The climber only uses their hands and feet to move up the rock wall. Because there is no safety equipment, it is very dangerous. If the climber falls, they could be seriously hurt or die.

## Differences from other climbing 
Free solo climbing is different from other types of climbing. In free climbing, the climber uses a rope and other gear to stay safe, but only uses their body to climb. In aid climbing, the climber uses equipment to help them move up the rock. Free solo climbing does not use any safety gear or equipment to help the climber.

Some climbers also do something called "deep-water soloing." This is like free solo climbing, but it happens over water. If the climber falls, they fall into the water instead of onto the ground.

## Famous climbers 
One of the most famous free solo climbers is Alex Honnold. In 2017, he climbed El Capitan in Yosemite National Park without any safety gear. Many people think this is one of the greatest climbing achievements ever.

Another famous free solo climber is Alain Robert, also known as "The French Spider-Man." He is famous for climbing tall buildings.

## Dangers 
Free solo climbing is very dangerous because there is no safety gear. If the climber makes a mistake, they can fall and get hurt or die. Even experienced climbers can die while free solo climbing. For this reason, not many people try it, and those who do are usually very skilled and experienced.

## In media 
### Movies and documentaries 
Free solo climbing has been shown in movies and documentaries. The documentary *Free Solo* shows Alex Honnold's climb of El Capitan. It won an Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature in 2019.

### Books 
* 
* 
* 

## References 
## Pictures of free solo climbing

File:Robi-Bosh-Alain-Robert.jpg|Alain Robert, free soloing "No Self Control" (grade 7a), Verdon, France, 3 April 1991
File:Alex_Honnold_El_Capitan_Free_Solo_4.png|Alex Honnold, free soloing "Freerider" (grade 5.13a) on El Capitan, Yosemite, California, United States, 3 June 2017

## Related pages 
* Rock climbing
* Deep-water soloing
* Alain Robert
* Alex Honnold
Better Be Home Soon

"**Better Be Home Soon**" is a 1988 song by rock band Crowded House and was taken from their second studio album *Temple of Low Men*. It went to number 2 in Australia and New Zealand, number 8 in Canada, number 31 in the Netherlands, number 34 in Belgium and number 59 in Germany.
Proto-English

**Proto-English** was a form of English language spoken in Western Europe by Germanic tribes. It eventually formed into Old English by the end of the Roman Empire.

## Formation 
Proto-English formed around the 200s by Germanic tribes such as the Angels, Saxons, Frisians, Jutes and possibly the Franks. Much of the information about Proto-English comes from Germania.  

## Development 
Proto-English developed significantly over time:

* It separated from Proto-West Germanic around the year 392.
* Next it became Old Ingvaeonic, which divided between Old Saxon and "Proto-Anglo-Frisian" around 411
* Then around 420, it became a independent language from "Proto-Anglo-Frisian"
* In 476 the West Roman Empire fell
* Around the year 550, Proto-English evolved into Old English and its dialects.

## References
I Feel Possessed

"**I Feel Possessed**" is a 1990 song by rock band Crowded House. It was the fifth and final single from their second studio album *Temple of Low Men*. The song later appeared in the greatest hits album *Recurring Dream*. It went to number 93 in Australia.

## References
Chocolate Cake (song)

"**Chocolate Cake**" is a 1991 song by rock band Crowded House. It is from their third studio album *Woodface*. It went to number 7 in New Zealand, number 9 in Canada, number 20 in Australia, number 27 in the Netherlands, number 34 in Belgium and number 69 in the United Kingdom.
Ivy Barber

**Ivy Barber** (born 24 March 1909) was a British athletics competitor during the 1920s specialized in the 800 metres and 880 yards. She was national champion and represented the United Kingdom at international competitions.

## Career
Barber had her best season in 1928. That year she became champion at the WAAA Championships in the 880 yards, winning the event in a time of 2:27.6, four yards ahead of Lilian Styles.

She was selected to represent the United Kingdom internationally. She competed at the 1928 Great Britain–Germany–France women's athletics match where she won the 800 metres in a time of 2:28.6, ahead of Lilian Styles and French Marcelle Neveu. At the 1928 Berlin international athletics meeting in Germany she finished the 800 metres in het personal best time of 2:25.0 behind Japanese Kinue Hitomi and German Elfriede Wever.

## References
Bright Edomwonyi

**Bright Osagie  Edomwonyi** (born July 24, 1994 in Benin City) is a Nigerian football player. He plays as striker for the Diósgyőri VTK in the Hungarian Nemzeti Bajnokság (1st league).
## Career 
Bright Osagie Edomwonyi  went through several football academies in Benin City. In 2009 he joined the Westerlo Football Academy in Lagos, the academy of the Belgian club KVC Westerlo. 2011 he moved to Westerlo. Then he moved to Austria to FC Red Bull Salzburg in the summer. There he made his professional debut on October 28, 2012 against SK Rapid Wien. For the 2013/14 season he was loaned to  FC Liefering. During the winter transfer period of 2013/14 he was loaned to FC Wacker Innsbruck. After a poor spring, he moved on loan to TSV Hartberg in the second-tier Austrian First League.

In January 2015 he moved to Bundesliga club SK Sturm Graz. In January 2017 he moved to Çaykur Rizespor in Turkey. In January 2018 he returned to Sturm Graz on loan.  For the 2018/19 season he moved to FK Austria Wien.  In two and a half years at Austria he made 54 Bundesliga appearances, in which he scored seven goals. In January 2021 he moved to Greece on loan to Atromitos Athens. After the loan ended, he returned to Austria for the 2021/22 season. He played for Young Violets Austria Wien. After four seasons in Vienna, he left the club after his contract ended after the 2021/22 season.

After failing to find a new club in the regular transfer phase, Edomwonyi moved to Slovenia to first division club FC Koper in September 2022. After one season he moved to Diósgyőri VTK in Hungary.

## References
Paisa

**Paisa** (also called **pice**, **pesa**, **poysha**, **poisha**, and **baisa**) is a small unit of money. The word means money or wealth. In India, Nepal, and Pakistan, one paisa is 1/100 of a rupee. In Bangladesh, one poysha is 1/100 of a Bangladeshi taka. One baisa in Oman equals 1/1000 of an Omani rial.

## Etymology
The word paisa originates from the Sanskrit word padāṁśa. Padāṁśa means quarter part and unit. The pesa was used in colonial Kenya.

## History
Chaulukya coins were known as Gadhaiya Paise. In India and Pakistan the paisa or pice was equal to 3 pies or 1/64 of a rupee until the 1950's. When these countries switched to a decimal system, the paisa became 1/100 of a rupee.

## Terminology
In languages like Hindi, Bengali, Urdu, and Nepali, the word paisa means money. In East Africa, the word pesa for money is still used. An example is Kenya’s M-Pesa, which means "mobile pesa" or "mobile money."

## Usage
* Poysha =  of a Bangladeshi taka (no longer in circulation)
* Paisa =  of an Indian rupee  (only 50 paisa coins are de facto valid but no longer in circulation)
* Paisa =  of a Nepalese rupee  (no longer in circulation)
* Baisa =  of an Omani rial
* Paisa =  of a Pakistani rupee (Officially demonetized from 1 October 2014)

## Gallery

File:100 Baisa Oman reverso.png|100 Omani Baisa note (reverse)
File:100 Baisa Oman.png|100 Omani Baisa note (1995)
File:৫০ পয়সা ২০০১ সালের নকশা সম্মূখভাগ - 50 Paisa year 2001 Front Part.png|50 Bangladeshi Poysha (2001)
File:৫০ পয়সা ২০০১ সালের নকশা - 50 Paisa year 2001 Back Part.png|50 Bangladeshi Poysha (2001, reverse)

## Related pages
*Bangladeshi taka
*Indian paisa

## References
Lilian Styles

**Lilian Styles** (born 20 June 1905) was a British athletics competitor specialized in the 800 metres and cross country running. She represented the United Kingdom in both disciplines internationally during the late 1920s and 1930s.

## Career
Styles competed at the 1928 Great Britain–Germany–France women's athletics match where she finished second in the 800 metres behind Ivy Barber. In the 800 metres she won at the WAAA Championships the silver medal at the 1928 championships and furthermore four bronze medals; in 1926, 1927, 1929 and 1930.

During the 1930s she won multiple medals at International Cross Country Championships. At the 1931 championships in Douai she won individually the silver medal behind British Gladys Lunn and won the gold medal in the team event. At the 1932 Championships she won individually the bronze medal behind Lunn and French Suzanne Hedouin, and the gold medal in the team event. At the 1935 Championships she won the silver medal behind Nellie Halstead and won also the silver medal in the team competition. She finished fifth at the 1938 Championships.

## References
Bouligney

**Bouligney** is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Haute-Saône department in east France.

## References
Rashid Rida

**Rashid Rida** was a Salafist Islamic scholar who called for the revival of the study of hadith and supported the idea of a Islamic state. He believed that reform was needed to save Muslims from Sufism and start a Islamic revival. He supported the idea of a armed jihad in the Muslim world against imperialists. During the 1900s, Rida started to be influenced by Wahhabism and Ahl-i Hadith and started to follow a more conservative interpretation of Salafism.

## References
Robert David Steele

Robert David Steele was a former CIA officer and a prominent figure in the fields of intelligence and information warfare. He became known for his critiques of the intelligence community and advocated for open-source intelligence. Steele also ran for political office and was involved in various initiatives focused on government transparency and accountability.

He authored several books and articles discussing intelligence reform and the importance of open data. Steele was a controversial figure, with a blend of supporters and critics, particularly for his unconventional views on various issues.

## References
Zero Wing

***Zero Wing*** is a 1989 Japanese arcade video game. It is the game where the popular meme based on a bad Japanese-to-English translation "All your base are belong to us" comes from.

## References
Temple of Low Men

***Temple of Low Men*** is the second studio album by rock band Crowded House and was released on 5 July 1988 through Capitol Records. It went to number 1 in Australia, number 2 in New Zealand, number 10 in Canada, number 20 in the Netherlands, number 40 in the United States and number 99 in the United Kingdom.

## Track listing
Lalitaditya's invasion of Tokharistan

Lalitaditya, after subjugating much of northern India, extended his imperial ambitions beyond the Himalayas, launching audacious campaigns into the Central Asian plains and striking at the dominions of the Arabian Caliphate.

## Background
Lalitaditya ascended the throne of Kashmir after a period of internal instability. His reign is often described as a golden age for Kashmir due to advancements in art, architecture, and administration. His military ambitions were fueled by both the need to consolidate his kingdom and the desire to assert dominance over the neighboring regions, including those in Central Asia

## Campaign
Lalitaditya led a formidable campaign into the plains of Central Asia and Afghanistan.

One of his major expeditions was directed against the Arab commander Tamim ibn Ziyad, the then governor of Sindh. Seizing upon the weakened condition of the Arab forces, Lalitaditya launched a swift offensive, pursuing Tamim's army deep into the region of modern-day Zabulistan. He eventually extended his campaign further into the Oxus region and across Central Asia, then known to the Arabs as Mã Wara' an-Nahr ("the land beyond the river").

## Scholars' consensus
The campaign of Lalitaditya remains a subject of debate among historians. Scholars and institutions such as the University of Kashmir, André Wink, and Sailendra Nath Sen acknowledge his campaigns as historical events. contrast, Professor Tansen Sen questions the extent of Lalitaditya's conquests in Central Asia, citing a lack of contemporary evidence. Several scholars also argue that Kalhaņa, who composed the Rājatarangiņi nearly a century after Lalitaditya's reign, may have exaggerated the king's exploits.Nonetheless, the campaigns themselves are not considered insignificant.Historian Cynthia Paclert proposed a revised interpretation, suggesting that Lalitaditya's ventures were indeed real but primarily large-scale raids and plundering expeditions, later magnified by Kalhaņa into accounts of lasting conquests.

## References
List of heads of state of Equatorial Guinea

## List 
(Dates in italics indicate *de facto* continuation of office)

For continuation after independence, *see:* List of presidents of Equatorial Guinea
B4U Plus

**B4U Plus,** and before that **Plus TV**, is an English entertainment television channel for Indian movies with English subtitles and Pakistani series in the Middle East and the United Kingdom.

## About the channel 
**B4U** Network has added its latest channel, **B4U Plus**, a channel that has been specially prepared to suit the Arab taste, with dubbed and original films and programmes. The channel shows the latest Bollywood films translated into English, music, programmes, series and Bollywood news in a manner that suits the customs and traditions of the Arab world.

## Broadcast date 
In the UK the channel was launched on 12 August 2013 for B4U and Sky Network and in the UAE the channel was launched on 15 September 2015 at 3am UAE time for B4U.

## Channel programs 
* Star Stop
* Curry On
* India's Kitchen
* City Beats
* Hear it Here with Sudhi & Suchi
* Fit Test with Bipasha
* Plus Tunes
* Big Buzz
* Bollywood Scoop

## Short programs 
* Bollywood Minutes
* Bollywood Glitz
* Whats Up Bollywood
* Bollywood Box Office

## Classic movies 
* Woh 7 Din
* Coolie
* Mr. Natwarlal
* Nagin
* Mard
* Saat Hindustani
* Don
* Sholay
* Aakhre Rasta
* Allah Rakha
* Andhaa Kanoon

## Related pages 
* MBC Bollywood
* B4U Aflam
* Zee Aflam
* Imagine Movies

## References
Egypt's Twentieth Dynasty

The **Twentieth Dynasty of Egypt**, also known as Dynasty XX, was the third and last dynasty of the Ancient Egyptian New Kingdom period. It lasted from 1189 BC to 1077 BC. Notable pharaohs during this dynasty included Ramesses III and Ramesses IX. However, it also marked the decline of Egypt's power and influence in the region, facing external threats and invasions.

## References
Leucostethus yaguara

The **Stripe-throated rocket frog** (*Leucostethus yaguara*) is a frog.  It lives in Colombia.

Scientists saw this frog on the dead leaves on the ground in forests with water in the air. They saw it about 1575 meters above sea level.

Scientists think the tadpoles swim in streams, but they did not see any.

Scientists only saw this frog once and have not seen it since then.  They do not know if it is in danger of dying out. But people cut down the forests where it lives to make farms and places for animals to eat grass.

## References
I Love This Place

**I Love This Place** is the seventh studio album by Australian country music artist Troy Cassar-Daley. It was released in April 2009 and peaked at number 34 on the ARIA Charts.

At the ARIA Music Awards of 2009, the album won the ARIA Award for Best Country Album. This marked the fourth time Cassar-Daley had won the award. At the 2010 Country Music Awards of Australia in Tamworth, Cassar-Daley won seven Golden Guitars, including Male Vocalist of the Year and Album of the Year.

## Track listing 
## Awards 
At the ARIA Music Awards of 2009, *I Love This Place* won the award for Best Country Album.

## Chart performance 
The album peaked at number 34 on the ARIA Charts.

## References
Orient Bell Limited

**Orient Bell Limited** is an Indian manufacturer of ceramic and vitrified tiles. The company was founded in 1977 and is headquartered in Sikandrabad, Uttar Pradesh. It is publicly traded on both the Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) and the National Stock Exchange (NSE) under the ticker symbol **ORIENTBELL**.

## History 
Orient Bell Limited was incorporated on May 18, 1977, and began commercial production later that year. In 2012, it merged with Bell Ceramics to expand its product line and reach within the Indian market. The company operates several **Orient Bell Tile Boutiques (OBTBs)** across India, which showcase its tiles to consumers.

## Manufacturing Facilities 
Orient Bell operates multiple manufacturing plants across India. The company's major production units are located in Sikandrabad (Uttar Pradesh), Hoskote (Karnataka), and Dora (Gujarat). These facilities have an installed capacity to produce millions of square meters of tiles annually. The company has made investments in advanced machinery and technology to ensure efficient production and compliance with environmental standards.

## Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) 
Orient Bell Limited is involved in various Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) initiatives. These include community development programs, support for education, and environmental sustainability efforts. The company has contributed to several local development projects around its manufacturing locations and aims to promote eco-friendly production practices in line with Indian government regulations.

## Financial Information 
For the financial year ending March 31, 2024, Orient Bell Limited reported consolidated revenue from operations of ₹674.4 crore.

## Marketing and Campaigns 
In 2023, Orient Bell launched a marketing campaign titled "100% Tiles, 0% Celebs," which aimed to promote its products without relying on celebrity endorsements.

## References
Breuchotte

**Breuchotte** is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Haute-Saône department in east France.

## References
Plaxton Leopard

The **Plaxton Leopard** is a bodywork of a coach. It has been made from 2013 to the present day by Plaxton. 

The Leopard body was built on the Volvo B9R chassis but it is now built on the Volvo B8R chassis.

The Leopard replaced the Plaxton Profile.

## References
## Other websites
*Leopard Brochure Plaxton
Plaxton Elite

The **Plaxton Elite** is a body of a coach. It has been made from 2008 to the present day by Plaxton. 

The Elite body is built on the following chassis:

Volvo B12B chassis

Volvo B9R chassis

Volvo B11R chassis

Volvo B13R chassis

Scania K-series chassis

In 2012, It replaced the Profile coach body.

## Elite *i* 
In 2012, Plaxton made a new model called the '*Elite *i'''''. the passenger area is above the driver's cab and there is a small lower saloon. The Elite *i* body is built on the Volvo B11RT chassis.

## Gallery 

File:Parks of Hamilton LSK 473 Citylink Gold (10393004786).jpg|Volvo B13RT with Elite bodywork rear
File:GO AHEAD OXFORD BUS COMPANY - Flickr - secret coach park.jpg|Volvo B11RT with Elite ***i*** bodywork
File:M5 Junction 25 - Stagecoach 54211 (SF62CZV) rear.JPG|Volvo B11RT with Elite ***i*** bodywork rear

## References
## Other websites
Electric Callboy

**Electric Callboy** (formerly known as **Eskimo Callboy**) is a German electronicore band. They were founded in Castrop-Rauxel in 2010. The current members are Kevin Ratajczak, Daniel "Danskimo" Haniß, Pascal Schillo, Daniel Klossek, David Friedrich and Nico Sallach.
Nick Seymour

**Nicholas More Seymour** (born 9 December 1958) is an Australian musician and record producer. He is known as the bass guitarist for the rock band Crowded House. His younger brother, Mark Seymour, is a singer-songwriter for the rock band Hunters & Collectors.
Scoop with Raya

***Scoop With Raya*** is a weekly entertainment and artistic program presented by the Lebanese media personality Raya Abirached, through which she keeps up with the latest developments in movies and cinema festivals, and hosts various celebrities around the world. The program began broadcasting in 2005, entering its fifteenth season to complete its successful journey that it has achieved over the past years on MBC 2 and Shahid platform.

In each episode, the program reviews the latest Western and Arab art news, meets international and Arab stars, and shows scenes from a new film or cinematic event, in addition to excerpts from film premieres and concerts, in addition to visits to filming locations and behind-the-scenes footage.

## References
Plaxton Panorama Elite

The **Plaxton Panorama Elite** was a bodywork of a coach. It was built from 1968 to 1975. It was built by Plaxton of Scarborough, North Yorkshire, England.

Plaxton also made a wide-doorway model called the **Plaxton Elite Express**.

From 1969 to 1974, the model was improved, it had new front headlights and a small side window was replaced with a bigger window. It was called the Elite II.

From 1970 to 1975, the model was improved, it had new front headlights, new brake lights, new bumper and a new interior. It was called the Elite III.

In 1975, It was replaced by the Plaxton Supreme.

## Chassis
The Elite body was built on the following chassis:
*Leyland Leopard chassis
*Panther chassis
*Daimler Roadliner chassis
*AEC Reliance chassis
*Bedford Y series chassis
*Bedford VAL chassis 
*Bedford VAM chassis
*Volvo B58 chassis
*Bristol RE chassis
*Bristol LH chassis
*Ford R-Series chassis
*Seddon Pennine IV (4) chassis
*Seddon Pennine VI (6) chassis
*Mercedes-Benz O302 chassis

## Gallery 

File:Weston-super-Mare 2014 - Western Welsh 177 (OUH177G).JPG|Leyland Leopard with Plaxton Elite Express bodywork (Mark 1)
File:Magical Mystery Tour Bedford VAL Plaxton Panorama Elite II.jpg|A Bedford VAL Panorama replica of the one used in The Beatles 1967 movie Magical Mystery Tour
File:Pennine Plaxton Elite OWR 266K.jpg|
File:HENLEYS Abertillery - Flickr - secret coach park.jpg|AEC Reliance with Plaxton Elite Express bodywork (Mark 3)
File:London Country coach P3 (SPK 203M), M&D and EK 60 rally (7).jpg|AEC Reliance with Plaxton Elite Express bodywork rear (Mark 3)
File:Abbeyways of Halifax coach (XUR 290K), Showbus 2012.jpg|3-axle Bedford VAL with Plaxton Elite Express bodywork (Mark 3) 

## Notes
## References
## Other websites
PUBG: Battlegrounds

**PUBG: Battlegrounds** (once named '''''PlayerUnknown's Battlegrounds'''*) is a battle royale game made by PUBG Studios and published by Krafton. It first came out in 2017. The game was inspired by the 2000 Japanese movie *Battle Royale'' and was based on earlier game add-ons made by Brendan "PlayerUnknown" Greene. Greene helped turn these add-ons into a full game, and it became the first game in the PUBG Universe series.

## Gameplay
The game can be played from either a third-person or first-person view. Up to 100 players jump from a plane onto an island. They must find weapons and equipment to fight and stay alive. As the game goes on, the safe part of the map becomes smaller, forcing players to move closer to each other. This forces players to fight each other. The last player or team still alive wins.
Master the game, conquer the battleground.

## Release
The game was first released for Windows in March 2017 through Steam's early access, with the full release of the game in December 2017. It was also released for Xbox One and the same month, and officially came out in September 2018. A free mobile version called PUBG Mobile was released in 2018 for Android and iOS, and there was also a version for PlayStation 4. The game came to the Stadia streaming service in April 2020, and to Xbox Series X/S and PlayStation 5 in November 2020. Since January 12, 2022, the game has been free-to-play on all platorms.

The game received good reviews from reviewers. Even though it had some technical problems, people liked its new style of play, which was easy for all players to enjoy and had a lot of replay value. PUBG helped make the battle royale genre popular, and many unofficial copies of the game were made, especially in China. It was nominated for several Game of the Year awards and set seven Guinness World Records, along with other honors. PUBG Corporation has hosted small tournaments and added ways to broadcast games to try to make it an esport. The game has sold over 75 million copies on computers and consoles, making it the best-selling game on PC and Xbox One, and the fifth best-selling game of all time. By the third quarter of 2022, the game had earned $13 billion worldwide, including money from the popular mobile version, making it one of the highest-earning games ever.

## References
Lazlo Bane

**Lazlo Bane**  is an alternative rock band. They are from Santa Monica, California, United States. They are well known for collaborating with former Men at Work member Colin Hay, and providing the song "Superman" as the theme for the television show *Scrubs*. They were formed in 1995. The band's origin can be traced back to the efforts of Chad Fischer touring with School of Fish in the early 1990s as a drummer.
Scarlet Spider

The **Scarlet Spider** is an alias used by several fictional characters appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics, most notably **Ben Reilly** and **Kaine Parker**, both of whom are genetic replicates of the superhero Spider-Man.

## In other media 
Both the Ben Reilly and Kaine Parker incarnations of Scarlet Spider appear in *Spider-Man: Across the Spider-Verse*.
Ben Reilly

**Benjamin "Ben" Reilly**, also known as the **Scarlet Spider**, is a major character in the *Spider-Man* franchise. He appears in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. He is the titular deuteragonist of the *Clone Saga* story arc. He was created by Gerry Conway and Ross Andru. He first appeared in *The Amazing Spider-Man* #149 in October 1975.

## Fictional character biography 
He is a clone, ally and "brother" of Peter Parker / Spider-Man that assumed the identity of the Scarlet Spider and later the second Spider-Man shortly before his first death. Reilly has been resurrected and killed many times in the years since.

## In other media 
The character made his cinematic debut in the 2023 feature movie *Spider-Man: Across the Spider-Verse* voiced by Andy Samberg, and will make his live-action debut in the 2025 Amazon Prime Video streaming television series *Spider-Noir*, as a composite character with Spider-Man Noir, portrayed by Nicolas Cage.
Kaine Parker

**Kaine Parker**, also known as the **Scarlet Spider**, is a major character in the *Spider-Man* franchise and appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. He was created by Terry Kavanagh and Steven Butler, and first appeared in *Web of Spider-Man* #119 in October of 1994.

## Fictional character biography 
He was the first clone of Peter Parker created by the mad scientist Miles Warren (also known as the Jackal), but suffered deformities until he was cured and became the second Scarlet Spider to atone for his sins.

## In other media 
Kaine Parker/Scarlet Spider made his cinematic debut in the 2023 feature movie *Spider-Man: Across the Spider-Verse*.
Planetary-mass object

**Planetary-mass object**, **planetary body** or **planemo** is the name used to define objects having mass to be round, but not enough to host nuclear fusion like stars. They orbit around another astronomical object. It includes dwarf planets, moons and other obiects.

## Origin
The term was created by the IAU to define object whether they are planets or not. According to the geophysical definition, a planet is an astronomical object that has mass to become round, but insufficient to host nuclear fusion like stars.

## In the solar system
If we apply this to our Solar System, they will be planetary bodies:
Vicente Juan Segura

**Vicente Juan Segura** (22 May 1955 – 11 October 2024) was a Spanish Roman Catholic prelate. He was the bishop of Ibiza from 14 May 2005 until 18 January 2020. He was the auxiliary bishop of Valencia from 18 January 2020 until his resignation on 25 February 2023. He was born in Tavernes de la Valldigna, Spain.

Juan Segura died on 11 October 2024 at a hospital in Valencia, Spain from problems caused by kidney failure at the age of 69.

## References
Branko Rašović

**Branko Rašović** (11 April 1942 – 11 October 2024) was a Montenegrin football defender. He played for the Yugoslavia national football team from 1964 to 1967, making ten appearances.

Rašović died on 11 October 2024, at the age of 82.

## References
Fleur Adcock

**Fleur Adcock**  (10 February 1934 – 10 October 2024) was a New Zealand poet and editor. Adcock lived much of her life in England. Her works focused on New Zealand poetry anthologies. 

She was awarded an OBE in 1996 for her works to New Zealand literature. In 2008 she was made a Companion of the New Zealand Order of Merit.

Adcock died from a short-illness in London, England on 10 October 2024, at the age of 90.

## References
Peter Cormack

**Peter Barr Cormack** (17 July 1946 – 10 October 2024) was a Scottish professional football player and manager. He played for the Scotland national football team from 1966 to 1971, making nine appearances.

Cormack died on 10 October 2024, at the age of 78.

## References
Pierre Vernier (actor)

**Pierre Louis Rayer** (25 May 1931 – 9 October 2024), known by his stage name **Pierre Vernier**, was a French actor. He was born in Saint-Jean-d'Angély, France. He was known for his roles in movies directed by Claude Lelouch such as in *Itinerary of a Spoiled Child* (1988), *La Belle Histoire* (1992) and *Les Misérables* (1995).

Vernier died on 9 October 2024 at the age of 93.

## References
## Other websites
*
Bruce Ames

**Bruce Nathan Ames** (December 16, 1928 – October 5, 2024) was an American biochemist. He was a professor of biochemistry and Molecular Biology Emeritus at the University of California, Berkeley. He was a senior scientist at Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute (CHORI). Ames was known for his works about mechanisms of mutagenesis and DNA repair. He invented the Ames test. He was born in New York City.

Ames died on October 5, 2024 at a hospital in Berkeley, California from problems caused by a fall at the age of 95.

## References
## Other websites
* 
* University of California biography
* Oral History from his time at the National Institutes of Health 
* Oral History: “Bruce N. Ames: The Marriage of Biochemistry and Genetics at Caltech, the NIH, UC Berkeley, and CHORI, 1954–2018  
* Special issue of Mutation Research Journal Dedicated to Dr. Ames
*
Briaucourt, Haute-Saône

**Briaucourt** is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Haute-Saône department in east France.

## References
Mayra Gómez Kemp

**Mayra Cristina Gómez Martínez** (14 February 1948 – 13 October 2024), better known as **Mayra Gómez Kemp**, was a Cuban-Spanish television host, actress and singer. She was the host of *Un, dos, tres... responda otra vez* from 1982 to 1988. She was believed to be the first woman in the world to host a television quiz show. 

Gómez Kemp was born in Havana, Cuba. Her mother, Velia Martínez, was an actress. In the late 1960s, she moved to Puerto Rico, then to Venezuela and then to Miami, Florida.

In 1976, she was hired by Televisión Española to host several shows. Her first show was *625 Lineas*. She then began hosting *La ruleta de la fortuna*, the Spanish version of *Wheel of Fortune*, from 1989 to 1991. During her career she won the TP de Oro.

She was also an actress, appearing in two movies in 1966 and 1978. These movies were *Death Curse of Tartu* and *Donde hay patrón*.

In October 2009, Gómez Kemp revealed that she had been diagnosed with tongue cancer, for which she had surgery. She had trouble speaking, however recovered. In February 2012, she revealed that the cancer had returned, this time in her throat. A few months later in July, she said she was in remission.

Gómez Kemp died from problems caused by a fall in Madrid, Spain on 13 October 2024, at the age of 76.

## References
## Other websites
*