Scorpaeniformes

The **Scorpaeniformes**, also known as the **mail-cheeked fishes**, are a diverse order of marine and freshwater ray-finned fish. They belong in the group **Scleroparei**. Scorpaeniforms are widespread throughout the oceans of the world. An example is the sculpin.

Here is a list of mail-cheeked fishes:

* *Psychrolutes marcidus*
* De Beaufort's flathead
* Australian prowfish
* Sea robin
* Peristediidae
* *Eschmeyer nexus*
* Velvetfish
* Stonefish
* Rockfish
* Thornyhead
* *Adelosebastes*
* Spiny scorpionfish
* *Sebastolobus altivelis*
* Horsefish
* Stickleback

## Classification 
Order **Scorpaeniformes**
* Suborder Scorpaenoidei
** Superfamily Congiopodoidea
*** Family Aploactinidae Jordan & Starks, 1904 (Velvetfishes)
*** Family Congiopodidae Gill, 1889 (Racehorses, pigfishes or horsefishes)
** Superfamily Pataecoidea
*** Family Pataecidae Gill, 1872 (Australian prowfishes)
*** Family Gnathanacanthidae Gill, 1892 (Red velvetfish)
** Superfamily Scorpaenoidea
*** Family Eschmeyeridae Mandrytsa, 2001 (the cofish)
*** Family Scorpaenidae Risso, 1827 (Scorpionfishes)
* Suborder Platycephaloidei
** Superfamily Platycephaloidea
*** Family Bembridae Kaup, 1873 (Deepwater flatheads)
*** Family Platycephalidae Swainson, 1839 (True flatheads)
*** Family Hoplichthyidae Kaup, 1873 (Ghost flatheads)
** Superfamily Trigloidea
*** Family Triglidae Rafinesque, 1815 (Common searobins)
*** Family Peristediidae Jordan & Gilbert, 1883 (Armored searobins)
* Suborder Normanichthyiodei
** Family Normanichthyidae Clark, 1837 (the Barehead scorpionfish or mote sculpin)
* Suborder Zoarcoidei
** Superfamily Anarhichadoidea
*** Family Anarhichadidae Bonaparte, 1835 (Wolffishes)
*** Family Cryptacanthodidae Gill, 1861 (Wrymouths)
*** Family Stichaeidae Gill, 1864 (Pricklebacks)
*** Family Pholidae Gill, 1893 (Gunnels)
** Superfamily Bathymasteroidea
*** Family Bathymasteridae Jordan & Gilbert, 1883 (Ronquils)
*** Family Ptilichthyidae Jordan & Gilbert, 1883 (Quillfish)
** Superfamily Zoarcoidea
*** Family Eulophiidae H. M. Smith, 1902 (Spinous eelpouts)
*** Family Zoarcidae Swainson, 1839 (True Eelpouts)
** Superfamily Zaproroidea
*** Family Scytalinidae Jordan & Starks, 1895 (Graveldivers)
*** Family Zaproridae Jordan, 1896 (Prowfishes)
* Suborder Gasterosteoidei
** Family Hypoptychidae Steindachner, 1880 (the Korean Sandlance)
** Family Aulorhynchidae Gill (1861) (Tubesnouts)
** Family Gasterosteidae Bonaparte, 1831 (Sticklebacks)
* Suborder Cottoidei
** Superfamily Anoplopomatoidea (Quast, 1965)
*** Family Anoplopomatidae Jordan & Gilbert, 1883 (Blackcod)
** Superfamily Zaniolepidoidea Shinohara, 1994
*** Family Zaniolepididae Jordan & Gilbert, 1883 (Combfishes)
** Superfamily Hexagrammoidea Gill, 1889
*** Family Hexagrammidae Jordan, 1888 (Greenlings)
** Superfamily Trichodontoidea Nazarkin & Voskoboinikova, 2000
*** Family Trichodontidae Bleeker, 1859 (Sandfishes)
** Superfamily Cottoidea Gill, 1889
*** Family Jordaniidae Jordan & Evermann, 1898 (Longfin sculpins)
*** Family Rhamphocottidae Jordan & Gilbert, 1883 (Grunt sculpins)
*** Family Scorpaenichthyidae Jordan & Evermann, 1898
*** Family Agonidae Swainson, 1839 (Poachers and searavens)
*** Family Cottidae Bonaparte, 1831 (Sculpins)
*** Family Psychrolutidae Günther, 1861 (Bighead sculpins)
*** Family Bathylutichthyidae Balushkin & Voskoboinikova, 1990 (Antarctic sculpins)
** Superfamily Cyclopteroidea Gill, 1873
*** Family Cyclopteridae Bonaparte, 1831 (lumpfishes or lumpsuckers)
*** Family Liparidae Gill, 1861 (Snailfishes)

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## Related pages 
* Atractosteus
* Kyphosichthys

## References 
# Froese, Rainer, and Daniel Pauly, eds. (2006). "Scorpaeniformes" in FishBase. February 2006 version.
# Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.) (2021). "*Erilepis zonifer*" in FishBase. June 2021 version.

## General references 
* "Scorpaeniformes". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved 31 March 2006.
* J. S. Nelson; T. C. Grande; M. V. H. Wilson (2016). *Fishes of the World * (5th ed.). Wiley. pp. 467–495

## Other websites 
* http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=10329