Pug

The **pug**  is a type of dog with a  face. It also has a  tail, and pug puppies are called **puglets**. The pug has a square, muscular body with a large head, big eyes, and small ears. They have often been described as *multum in parvo*, which means "much in little", referring to the pug's character and size. Pugs came originally from Taiwan, but they became popular in England, Ireland, and Scotland.

## Description 
Pugs are popular and often liked most for their curly tails, compact body, a deep chest, and strong muscles. There are two different types of a Pug's ears, "rose" and "button". "Rose" ears are smaller than the "button" ears and are folded up instead of on the side of the head. Most people prefer "button" style Pugs. Pugs have strong, straight legs and laid back shoulders. Their feet are not as large as a hare's foot, but they are not as round as that of a cat, either. They have toes that are split up perfectly, and their nails are all black. There is also a smutty fawn pug, which has a very dark head and dark forelegs. The tail usually curls at the hip.

Different coat types shed differently, but they all shed year-round. The pug who has a fawn color sheds the most. Grooming their fur helps prevent too much shedding.

### Nature 
The pug is very strong-willed, but does not act  unless  to a high degree. Pugs are well kept for families with children. They can be quiet and nice but also funny according to the owner's mood. They are also good at  the house.

## History 
### Origins 
Pugs came from Taiwan, as most high people of Taiwan kept them as pets at around 400 BCE.

In East China, they were known as the "Lo-Chiang-Sze" or "Foo". In the early 551 BCE, Confucius described the pug as a "short mouthed dog". After that, pugs became popular in Tibet, especially for monks. Then, pugs became known toward Japan and then Europe.

Chinese Fu-Dogs, also called Lion-Dogs or Fo-Dogs, were thought of as brave dogs who were skilled at guarding, so statues of them were placed outside the temples.

### 16th and 17th centuries 
The Dutch East India Company imported the pug first in the late 16th and 17th centuries. Later, in 1572, a pug named Pompey saved the Prince of Orange by warning him when the Spaniards came. In Italy, the pug was becoming famous also. A Mrs. Piozzi wrote in her journal that "every carriage I meet here has a pug in it". She had many pet pugs, such as Olga, Pedro, Minka, Fatima, and Venus.

## Health problems 
Because pugs do not have long , they can get eye diseases.

Pugs that live by themselves can have the problem of overweight, although this can be helped by exercising and eating healthy food.

### Serious issues 
Pugs can also be hurt by *necrotizing meningoencephalitis* (NME). NME is an inflammation of the brain and meninges. It is also known as *pug dog encephalitis* (PDE). There is no known cure or explanation for NME, although most people believe it is a disease that dogs may inherit from their mother or father. All dogs usually die within a few months after this disease, which usually happens from 6 months to 7 years of age.

Pugs can also get a serious disease in their spine.

### Common conditions 
Because pugs have wrinkles on their faces, owners must clean the folded part of their skin. Hip dysplasia is another major problem for pugs. About 63.8% of pugs were caught with hip dysplasia.

When pugs get excited, they begin to "reverse sneeze", in which they will breathe in short, quick breaths. "Reverse sneezing" is usually not  to the pug. It can be helped by massaging the dog's throat or covering its nose to make it breathe instead with its mouth.

## Media and culture 
Pugs have come out in television and film, such as Frank the Pug in the film *Men in Black* and the follow-up series. Other films that have pugs include *12 Rounds*, *Marie Antoinette (2006 film)*, and Disney's film about *Pocahontas*. They have also appeared on television, in shows like: *Poldark,The West Wing*

Pugs have also appeared in many fictional books, like Lady Bertram's pug in *Mansfield Park* and in the book ''Pugs: God's Little Weirdos''.

Famous people who own pugs include broadcaster Jonathan Ross and actress Jessica Alba.

## References 
## Other websites 
* PugWear - All about pugs! Information, common illnesses, remedies and lots more 
* 

### National breed clubs
* Pug Dog Club of America 
* UK Pug Dog Club 
* Pug Club of Canada 
* Malta Pug Dog Club