open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Saturn Relay

The **Saturn Relay** was a minivan that was built by General Motors' Saturn brand. The Relay was made by the Saturn Corporation from 2005 to 2007. The Relay was the first of two minivans made by the Saturn Corporation, with the only other minivan sold by Saturn being its successor, the Saturn Outlook. The Relay was one of a few Saturn vehicles that was a badge engineered. Due to poor sales, the Relay was replaced by the Saturn Outlook in 2006.
NCAA Division I men's basketball tournament

The '''NCAA Division I men's basketball tournament** (also known as **March Madness''') is a single-elimination (if you lose a game, you stop playing) college basketball tournament. It has 68 college teams in it. The National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) created it in 1939. When it was started in 1939, only eight teams played in the tournament. The tournament is played from mid-March to early April.

32 of the teams in the tournament are the best teams in each Division I conference. 36 of the teams join the tournament by winning other basketball games. These teams are chosen by the NCAA to be in the tournament. For the tournament, there are four regions. Each team is put into a region. Each region has 16 teams. The tournament has seven rounds. It is three weeks long. The first round is called the First Four. It has eight teams in it. The four winning teams join the tournament.

Each team is given a number. It is from 1 to 16. In the tournament, the semifinals are known as the Sweet Sixteen. The finals are known as the Elite Eight. They are named for how many teams are in these rounds.

Thirty seven college basketball teams have won the tournament. As of 2023, UCLA has won it eleven times. The Kentucky Wildcats have won it eight times. The coach with the most wins is John Wooden. He coached UCLA. He has won it ten times.

## Titles by school 
:The following is a list of all schools that have won at least one NCAA men's basketball tournament, along with the year(s) in which they won their championship(s).
*Vacated title not included*
Weeds (TV series)

***Weeds*** is an American comedy television series which was on Showtime from August 8, 2005 - September 16, 2012. The series is about a widow (who is played by Mary-Louise Parker) who is a mother of two sons Silas (who is played by Hunter Parrish) and Shane (who is played by Alexander Gould) and she turns to selling marijuana to support her family after her husband, Judah (who was played by Jeffrey Dean Morgan) suddenly dies.

## Other websites
*Weeds  on Showcase
*
The Highwayman (poem)

***The Highwayman*** is a long poem by Alfred Noyes published in 1906. It is written in ballad form. It wasn't very popular when first published, and is still a barely read narrative poem today.

## Story
*The Highwayman* tells the story of a highwayman who is in love with the daughter of an innkeeper. Her name is Bess and she has long black hair and red lips. A jealous ostler (person who works in the stable) who is in love with Bess reports the highwayman to the army.

When they come to ambush him, Bess kills herself to warn him and save his life. When he hears about the way she died, he becomes very angry and is shot down on the highway. The poem ends by saying that the ghosts of the two lovers eat each other. What a happy ending
Narrative poetry

**Narrative poetry** is a type of poetry that tells a story. Narrative poems can be short or long. Some are novels or short stories written in verse form. Many older narrative poems were designed to be passed on through generations as a way of recording history. Narrative poems tell a story of tradition, berve, and /.

## Related pages 
*Epic poetry
*Oral tradition

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Highwayman

The **highwayman** was a type of robber who attacked people who were travelling.  They were common in the British Isles from the time of Elizabeth I to the 1800s. Highwaymen rode on horses. They were thought to be socially superior to footpads (who robbed on foot).

## Crimes 
Some highwaymen robbed alone, but others worked in gangs.  Some were men; others were women. They often targeted coaches because they did not have much defence, They stole money, jewellery and other valuable items. 

The penalty for robbery with violence was execution by hanging. Soldiers attempted to catch highwaymen.

### Famous highwaymen 
The 17th-century highwayman James Hind was hanged, drawn and quartered. As a supporter of King Charles, the Protectorate charged him with treason.

One of the most famous highwaymen was Dick Turpin, who was hanged for his crimes in 1739. The Australian bushranger  Ben Hall was said to be one too. 

Not all highwaymen were men. The worst places for highwayman were Shooter's Hill and Finchely Common.

## References
Bothwell Castle

**Bothwell Castle** is a large medieval castle in Scotland. It is sited on a high, steep bank, above a bend in the River Clyde, in South Lanarkshire. It is located between Uddingston and Bothwell, about  south-east of Glasgow. The castle was built in the 13th century by the ancestors of Clan Murray. It was built to guard a strategic crossing point of the Clyde. Bothwell played a key role in Scotland's Wars of Independence. It changed hands several times.
Source Code

***Source Code*** is a 2011 American science fiction-thriller movie that was produced by Mark Gordon, Jordan Wynn and Philippe Rousselet and was directed by Duncan Jones. Source Code was released on April 1, 2011 in North America. The movie gained very positive reviews with a 90% from Rotten Tomatoes and a 74 out of 100 from Metacritic.

## Cast 
*Jake Gyllenhaal as Colter Stevens
*Michelle Monaghan as Christina
*Vera Farmiga as Carol Goodwin
*Jeffrey Wright as Dr. Rutledge
*Cas Anvar as Hazmi
*Russell Peters as Max Denoff
*Michael Arden as Derek Frost

## Other websites 
*Source Code's official website
* 
*
Velpur

**Velpur** is a village in India. It is in the state of Andhra Pradesh  in the West Godavari district.

## References
Child labour

, Mali and Ethiopia have more than half of all children aged 5–14 at work, because the family does not earn enough money.]] factory]]
, were passed in Britain in the 19th century. Children younger than nine were not allowed to work, those aged 9–16 could work 16 hours per day: Cotton Mills Act. In 1856, the law permitted child labour past age 9, for 60 hours per week, night or day. In 1901, the child labour age was raised to 12.]]

**Child labour** means that children are forced to work like adults and take part in an economic activity. According to the ILO International Labour Organization the term is applied to people up to age thirteen, or seventeen in case of dangerous work. Only about a fourth of the ILO members have ratified the respective convention, but the age limits are generally accepted.  

When children work like adults, this will deprive them of their childhood: Very often, they cannot attend regular school either. This kind of work  is mentally, physically, socially or morally dangerous and harmful.

Child labour is fundamentally different from casual work done by children, like guarding other children, or helping here and there. Child labor is forbidden in most countries. In some places minor boys and girls work in tea stalls, restaurants, hotels and other small shops. Some work in huge factories like brick factories. The main reason why child labour occurs is poverty.

There are two kinds of work that minors can do:
#Some work they do is acceptable, as it is only light, or easy to do. Children can also do it while they are well-integrated into the family. This kind of work can be done in addition to an education the children are getting.
#The other kind of work is difficult to do, or it is physically exhausting. It may be dangerous, the children may be required to work for long hours and in humiliating clothing.
In general the second kind of work is usually labelled child labour. Estimates are that up to 350 million children are affected by child labour. Eight million of these are affected by the worst forms of child labour: they are child soldiers, they are forced into child prostitution, they are used for child pornography, they are child slaves, debt bondage or affected by human trafficking.

Often such cases are known through scandals in the mass media. In that manner, a working child is often seen as a slave, working in a sweat shop in a third world country, producing textiles, or as one of the street children in South America. The reality is different though: Such shops exist all over the world, also in countries like the United States or Italy. The fact that child labour is involved is often hidden: More than three quarters of this work is done in the sector of agriculture, or it has to do with activities done at home, in the context of the family. If child-slaves exist, they are only a minority. This form of work done by children also existed before industrialisation and globalisation, the two phenomena have made it more visible.                   

## References
## Related pages
*Child abuse
*Child slavery
*Debt bondage
Cash crop

is a common cash crop]]
A **cash crop** is a crop that is grown to be sold on the market. This is different from a subsistence crop which is grown for the personal use of the farmer, or as food for the farmer's animals.

There are several different categories of cash crops, for different purposes.

## Foods 
Food crops are grown to be eaten by humans or animals. Since modern agriculture(farming) methods allow farmers to grow much more food than they need to feed themselves and their families, the extra is sold to others.

Some food crops include:
, a food crop.]]
* Wheat, barley, and other grains

* Apples, oranges, and other fruits
* Potatoes, cabbage, and other vegetables
* Mushrooms

### Spices and Herbs 
Spices and herbs are ingredients added to food in order to make it taste less bland. Spices and herbs do not make up much of a meal but are very flavorful. Since spices and herbs are used in small amounts but can be grown in much larger quantities, the surplus grown is sold as a cash crop.

Some spices/herbs include:
, a spice crop.]]
* Cinnamon
* Paprika
* Turmeric
* Cardamom
* Mint
* Basil
* Pepper

## Materials 
Material crops are plants which have parts that can be used as raw materials to create objects with. Material crops are not eaten, but sold to the market for usage for various purposes.

Some material crops include:
* Timber (Wood from trees)
* Bamboo
* Cotton 
* Wool 

## Medicinal/Drug 
Medicinal and drug crops are grown for their effects on the human or animal body. Medicinal crops can help with healing, relieving pain, and curing illness. Some medicinal crops can be used to substitute for sugars. Drug crops are crops that are used for recreational purposes and often have addicting effects.

Some medicinal crops include:
, a crop that is both a drug and medicinal.]]
* Aloe Vera

* Amla
* Basil
* Lavender
* Lemon grass
* Marijuana
Some drug crops include:
* Tobacco
* Marijuana

## Decorative 
Ornamental plants are crops grown and sold for the purpose of making a place look more attractive.  These include flowers, though they can be any plant that decorates an indoor or outdoor space.  Ornamental crops are frequently used in gardens, parks, and public places.

Some decorative crops include:
* Tulips
* Roses
* Agave

## References
Chloë Sevigny

**Chloë Sevigny** (born November 18, 1974) is an American actress, fashion designer and former model. She was born in Springfield, Massachusetts and raised in Darien, Connecticut. Her father was of French Canadian origin; her mother is Polish American. Sevigny starred in many independent or *avant garde* movies during the 1990s and 2000s. She also had a fashion career during the mid 1990s. 

## Other websites 
*
Stratosphere

The **stratosphere** is one of the layers of the atmosphere of the planet Earth. It extends from about 8&nbsp;km above the poles (18&nbsp;km above the equator) to about 50&nbsp;km. In the stratosphere, the temperature rises with increasing height. This makes the stratosphere very stable. This temperature gradient is caused by the ozone layer which absorbs some UV radiation from sunlight. The absorbed radiation is converted to heat. 

This differs from the lower layer, the troposphere, where temperature declines with higher altitude, and from the next higher layer, the mesosphere, where the temperature again declines.

Airplanes that are going far usually fly in the lower stratosphere, because the engines are more efficient in cold air and drag is small in low air density air.
Tara Lipinski

**Tara Lipinski** (born June 10, 1982) is an American figure skater. She won the Ladies' Singles Olympic gold medal for figure skating at the 1998 Winter Olympics. She is the youngest individual to win a gold medal in Winter Olympics' history. 

## Early life
Lipinski was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. She was the daughter of Patricia (née Brozyniak), a secretary, and Jack Lipinski, an oil executive and lawyer. She was raised in New Jersey.

## Awards and recognition
The year before her Olympic win, the U.S. Olympic Committee named Lipinski the 1997 Female Athlete of the Year. Lipinski is particularly proud of the recognition she has received from fans. In 1999 and 2000 she was voted Best Female Athlete at the Nickelodeon Kids' Choice Awards.

## References
## Other websites
*
Caulfield, Victoria

**Caulfield** is a suburb in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 7 miles south-east from Melbourne's central business district. Its Local Government Area is the City of Glen Eira. In 2006 there were 4790 people living in Caulfied.

The boundaries of Caulfield are Kooyong Road in the west, Glen Eira Road in the north, Glenhuntly Road in the south and Booran Road in the east.

Caulfield is best known as the location of Caulfield Racecourse and the Caulfield campus of Monash University.

## History
It is not known why the area was called Caulfield, but it is probably linked with Baron Caulfeild of Ireland. John Caulfield was an early settler in the colony of Victoria. The name Caulfield was in use by 1853, and the early maps always place it somewhere around the racecourse.

The whole area was named the Caulfield Road District in 1857. Caulfield Post Office opened on 1 January 1863 and closed in 1974. Caulfield Junction Post Office opened in 1923 and is still open.

## Parks and Open Space
Caulfield Park is a large Victorian era garden between by Hawthorn, Balaclava and Inkerman Roads. It has a war memorial, a decorative lake and playing fields for various sports.

## Public transport
Caulfield is one of Melbourne's suburbs most serviced by public transport.

Trains connect the suburb to the city via the major transport interchange, Caulfield railway station at Caulfield East.

Trams service North, South and East Caulfield with route 67 (along Glenhuntly Road) route 64 (along Hawthorn Road), crossing Hawthorn Road at both Balaclava Road and Glenhuntly Road and route 3 near the railway station.

Helen Shardey  is the Liberal State Member for Caulfield.

## Sport
Caulfield has an football team playing in the Southern Football League.

## References
## Other websites
* Glen Eira City Council
*Australian Places: Caulfield
MAC address

Computers that use a computer network or internet network need to be identified. For this reason, many network connection types, like Ethernet or Wi-Fi, use unique addresses to identify the network card, a part of a computer, to access the network. These addresses are usually called the **Media Access Control address** or **MAC address**.

Each computer is given a MAC address by its computer maker. The way for giving MAC addresses to computers, created by Xerox, is used.  MAC addresses have 48-bits (how many 1s or 0s it has in it). As each of the twelve entries can have 16 possible values (0 through 9 and A through F), there are 1612 or 248 (or 281,474,976,710,656) possible MAC addresses. MAC addresses identify many things, such as the type of device being used.

A MAC address is used by the network to send and receive data (computer information) to the right place almost like mail being sent and received from a home mail address. The MAC address is like a door number or street number. 
## References
FCSB

**FCSB** is a football team from Bucharest, Romania. It was founded on 7 June 1947 as *ASA Bucureşti* (*ASA Bucharest*). The original FC Steaua București team was part of the namesake CSA Steaua București sports club and belonged to the Ministry of National Defence. FC Steaua București was forced to change its name to FCSB in 2017. It has won the most championships in Romania, 26, and it is the only team from Romania to win a UEFA Champions League title. Its chairman is George Becali (usually "Gigi" Becali).

## References
## Other websites
Ian (Anghel Georgian Bogdan)
* Official Website
* Fans site
Optical gain medium

An **optical gain medium** (also called an *active laser medium*) can make light stronger. In general, gain media must be powered by another energy source in order to have energy to provide as light. Some gain media can be powered using electricity, but many others need light energy from bright flash lamps or a laser.  Optical gain media are used in lasers. The first lasers used artificial ruby as their optical gain medium.
Microvillus

photo of microvilli in an intestine]]
**Microvillus** (plural **microvilli**) is a very tiny hair-like membrane in the body.  The microvillus greatly increase the amount of surface area for a cell. In humans, the microvilli can give a cell 600 times more surface area. They are good for  things and for secreting things. They are found in many places in a human body including the ear, the tongue, the nose and the intestines. 

On a tongue, the microvilli are the tiny hairs on the taste buds that send signals to the brain.  These signals are interpreted by the brain, and tells the brain what things taste like. Over time, as a person tastes more and more things, the brain stores the information the microvilli send in a databank of information.  This databank is used to compare new tastes to old tastes, and help to classify them by comparing and contrasting their qualities.

In the intestines, the microvilli are able to absorb (take) nutrients from the digested food for the body to use.

## References
Judith Miller (journalist)

**Judith Miller** is an American conservative journalist. She was born January 2, 1948. She worked for the New York Times until retiring from there around November 2005. She later became a contributor to Fox News and then a contributing writer for a conservative magazine called *Newsmax*.

Her coverage of Iraq's alleged Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD) program both before and after the 2003 invasion generated much controversy. A number of stories she wrote while working for *The New York Times* later turned out to be inaccurate or simply false.<

## References
Gilda Radner

**Gilda Susan Radner** (June 28, 1946 &ndash; May 20, 1989) was an American actress and comedian. She was born in Detroit, Michigan. She was one of the original cast members of NBC's comedy program *Saturday Night Live* (for which she won an Emmy Award in 1978). She died from ovarian cancer in Los Angeles, California.
She was married to actor Gene Wilder before her death.

## Other websites 
*

people with anorexia nervosa
September Affair

***September Affair*** is a 1950 musical movie that was produced by Hal B. Wallis and was directed by William Dieterle. The movie was released on October 18, 1950 in North America. The movie received positive reviews and also won a Golden Globe Award in 1951 for Best Original Score.

## Cast 
*Joan Fontaine as Manina Stuart
*Joseph Cotten as David Lawrence
*Françoise Rosay as Maria Salvatini
*Jessica Tandy as  Catherine Lawrence
*Robert Arthur as David Lawrence Jr
*Jimmy Lydon as Johnny Wilson
*Fortunio Bonanova as Grazzi
*Grazia Narciso as Bianca
*Anna Demetrio as Rosita
*Lou Steele as Vittorio Portini
*Frank Yaconelli as Mr. Peppino
*Hal B. Wallis as a tourist in a souvenir shop (uncredited) (cameo)

## Other websites 
*September Affair at TMC Movie Database
*
Languages of the United States

English is the *de facto* national language (language used in common practice) of the United States, with 82% of the population claiming it as a mother tongue, and some 96% claiming to speak it "well" or "very well". However, no *official language* is recognized by the whole federal government. On March 1, 2025, President Donald Trump signed an executive order that declared English to be the official language of the U.S., but the order is limited to the executive branch. The Constitution of the United States does not set an official language. There have been several proposals to make English the *de jure* national language in amendments to immigration reform bills, but none of these bills have made a federal language. This means that, while the federal government uses English, there is no law that they have to. However, some states have adopted English as their official language.

On the other hand, a lot of other languages, like Spanish, French, Italian, Arabic, Japanese, Korean, Russian, Polish, Finnish, Dutch, German, Swedish, Norwegian, Danish, Welsh, Irish, Scottish Gaelic, Hindi, Mandarin, Hebrew, Cantonese, Chinese, Hawaiian, Ukrainian, Navajo, Indonesian, Malay, Vietnamese, Tagalog, Portuguese, etc. are spoken in the United States as second languages.
## By state
## References
Christopher Mintz-Plasse

**Christopher Charles Mintz-Plasse** (born June 20, 1989 in Woodland Hills, Los Angeles, California) is an American actor. He is famous for playing the character *Fogell/McLovin* in the movie *Superbad* and ''Chris D'Amico/Red Mist* in the movie *Kick-Ass*.

## Filmography
**Superbad* as Fogell/McLovin (2007)
**Role Models* as Augie Farks (2008)
**Year One* as Isaac (2009)
**How to Train Your Dragon* as Fishlegs (2010)
**Kick-Ass'' as Chris D'Amico/Red Mist (2010)
**Marmaduke* as Giuseppe (2010)
**Fright Night* as "Evil" Ed Thompson (2011)
**Movie 43* (2011)
**ParaNorman* (2012) as Alvin (Voice)
**How to Train Your Dragon 2* (2014) as Fishlegs (Voice)
Jonah Hill

**Jonah Hill Feldstein** (born December 20, 1983 in Los Angeles, California) better known as, **Jonah Hill** is an American actor, producer, director, writer and comedian. He is notable for playing the character *Seth* in the movie, Superbad. He started his acting career in his first philosophical comedy movie, I Heart Huckabees as Bret.

## Filmography
**I Heart Huckabees* as Bret (2004)
**The 40-Year-Old Virgin* as eBay Customer (2005)
*''Grandma's Boy* as Barry (2006)
**Click* as Ben Newman at age 17 (2006)
**Accepted* as Sherman Schrader (2006)
**10 Items or Less* as Packy (2006)
**Knocked Up* as Jonah (2007)
**Evan Almighty* as Eugene Tenanbaum (2007)
**Rocket Science* as Lionel (2007)
**Superbad* as Seth (2007)
**Walk Hard: The Dewey Cox Story'' as Nate Cox's Ghost (2007)
**Strange Wilderness* as Lynn Cooker (2008)
**Forgetting Sarah Marshall* as Matthew (2008)
**Just Add Water* as Eddie (2008)
**Emerson Park* as Dylan Machado (2008)
**Night at the Museum: Battle of the Smithsonian* as Brandon (2009)
**Funny People* as Leo (2009)
**The Invention of Lying* as Frank (2009)
**Brüno* as Associate Producer (2009)
**How to Train Your Dragon* as Snotlout (2010)
**Get Him to the Greek* as Aaron Green (2010)
**Cyrus* as Cyrus (2010)
**Megamind* as Hal/Titan (2010)
**Moneyball* as Peter Brand (2011)
**The Sitter* as Noah Jaybird (2011)
**21 Jump Street* as Morton Schmidt (2012)
**The Wolf of Wall Street* as Donnie Azoff (2013)
**This Is the End* as himself (2013)
**The Lego Movie* as Green Lantern (2014)
**22 Jump Street* as Morton Schmidt (2014)
**How to Train Your Dragon 2* as Snotlout (2014)
**War Dogs* as Efraim Diveroli (2016)
**The Lego Batman Movie* as Green Lantern (2017)

## Other websites 
*
Jill Eikenberry

**Jill Eikenberry** (born 21 January 1947) is an American actress. She was born in New Haven, Connecticut. Her most well known role was playing Ann Kelsey in *L.A. Law* (1986-1994). She appeared in many television movies in the 1980s. 

## Other websites 
*
Blackshirts

The **Blackshirts**, **MVSN** or **Voluntary Militia for National Security** were a Fascist paramilitary group in Fascist Italy's National Fascist Party during the rise and reign of Benito Mussolini. They operated from 1923-1943, having started as the *Squadrismo* in 1919. The similar SA or Brownshirts was formed in 1921 by the National Socialist German Workers Party better known as the Nazi Party.
Catherine Deshayes

**Caterine Deshayes**, sometimes known as **Catherine Monvoisin**, or simply **La Voisin** was a murderous French serial killer. She was born around 1640, and executed as a witch on 16 February 1680, in Paris; together with several others. She played an important role in the so-called Affair of the Poisons. She lived from charging high fees to make horosocopes. She celebrated black masses, practiced abortions, sold love potions and poisons. She is said to have sacrificed infants. Together with the Hellfire club this is one of the earliest known examples of theistic satanism.

Many nobles were among her clients, among them, Madame de Montespan a courtesan of Louis XIV.

## References 
* Anne Somerset - *The Affair of the Poisons: Murder, Infanticide, and Satanism at the Court of Louis XIV* (St. Martin's Press (October 12, 2003) )
* Excerpts from Bastille trial records of Guibourg and LaVoisin (French and English translation)
Carol Burnett

**Carol Creighton Burnett**  (born April 26, 1933) is an American singer, writer, dancer, actress and comedian. She is notable for her stage and television acting. She began her career in New York. She had her own television program: *The Carol Burnett Show* (1967-1978 on CBS). Burnett was born in San Antonio, Texas in 1933.

Burnett has won many awards. These include six Emmy Awards, five Golden Globes and a Tony.

## References
## Other websites
* https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0000993/bio - IMDB
* http://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/authors/c/carol_burnett.html - Carol Burnett Quotes
Boy Meets Curl

**"Boy Meets Curl"** is the twelfth episode of The Simpsons twenty-first season. In this episode, The Simpson family visit Vancouver where Marge and Homer compete in the 2010 Winter Olympics in the mixed-doubles curling team with Seymour Skinner and his mother Agnes. Marge's sweeping earns a win for the team and they earn a spot for the Olympics. Meanwhile, Lisa is given an Olympic mascot pin and she decides to collect them but her pin collecting addiction goes out of control. Marge injures her shoulder in the semi-finals and she is told that she will never sweep again and that the American mixed curling team must concede the gold medal to Sweden. Lisa buys so many Olympic mascot pins that she doesn't have anymore money left so she trades her pearl necklace for a mascot pin from the 1924 Winter Olympics. Bart offers to help Lisa with defeating her pin collecting addiction and manages to get back her necklace by tricking the pin vendor with "Fatov," who is a phony mascot that was "created" in advance for the 2014 Winter Olympics but the mascot is really Homer's mouth, clipped by Bart from his driver's license. When Marge is about to leave Vancouver, she reveals that she is left-handed to Homer and says that she always used her right hand to not seem unusual. She has enough strength to change Maggie's diaper and dress her with one hand. They both decide to re-participate in the gold medal game where they defeated Sweden and won the gold medal.
The Twilight Zone (1959 TV series)

***The Twilight Zone*** is an American television series created by Rod Serling. It is a series of unrelated stories of drama, psychological thriller, fantasy, science fiction, suspense, and/or horror, often ending with a dark or unexpected twist. A popular and critical success, it introduced many Americans to serious science fiction and abstract ideas through television and *Twilight Zone* books and comics.

The success of the first series started two revival series: one series that ran for several seasons on CBS and in syndication in the 1980s, and another series that ran on UPN from 2002 to 2003. It would also lead to a movie, a radio series, a comic book, a magazine and  other spin-offs that would go on for 50 years.

Aside from Serling himself, who wrote nearly two-thirds of the series' total episodes, writers for *The Twilight Zone* included authors such as Charles Beaumont, Richard Matheson, Jerry Sohl, George Clayton Johnson, Earl Hamner, Jr., Reginald Rose, Harlan Ellison and Ray Bradbury.  Many episodes also featured adaptations of classic stories by such writers as Ambrose Bierce, Lewis Padgett, Jerome Bixby and Damon Knight.

*Twilight Zone*'s writers often used science fiction as a way for social commentary. Television networks and sponsors who had censored all possible offensive material from the mostly live dramas were not aware of the s developed by writers such as Ray Bradbury for dealing with important issues through fantasy. Themes include nuclear war, mass hysteria, and McCarthyism, subjects that were not allowed on more "serious" primetime television.

The first series contained 156 episodes. Seasons 1, 2, 3, 5 were half hour shows. Season four (1962–1963) contained one-hour episodes.

## Other websites
*
*
*
* 
**Twilight Zone* actors interviewed, October 2015
*The Anorak Zone 
*The Rod Serling Museum 
*The Twilight Zone Museum
Ball and socket joint

A **ball and socket joint** (**enarthrosis**, **spheroidal joint**) is a joint in which the ball-shaped surface of a bone fits into the cup-like indentation of another bone. This type of joint allows the bone to move in a 360° angle—with more freedom than other joints.

## Examples
Examples of this type of joint occur:
*in the hip, where the rounded head of the femur (ball) rests in the cup-like acetabulum (socket) of the pelvis.
*in the glenohumeral joint of the shoulder, where the rounded head of the humerus (ball) rests in the cup-like glenoid fossa (socket) of the shoulder blade.

## Other images

 Image:Kugelgelenk.jpg|Hip
 Image:Gray327.png|Shoulder

## References
Zack and Miri Make a Porno

***Zack and Miri Make a Porno*** is a 2008 American romantic sex comedy movie. It was produced by Scott Mosier and was directed by Kevin Smith. The movie was released on October 31, 2008 in North America. The movie received positive reviews with a 65% rating on Rotten Tomatoes and a 56 out of 100 from Metacritic.

## Plot 
Zack Brown and Miri Linky are stuck living together in a run down apartment in Monroeville, Pennsylvania. They have been unable to keep up with their monthly rent, causing the landlord to shut off electricity and water in their apartment. In this dire situation, Zack and Miri turn to making pornography as a means of paying back their rent. Zack turns to a longtime friend and co-worker for some money to kick start his career in pornography. They hire a group of talented actors and actresses, who are seeking to advance themselves in the movie industry. Like many new movie directors, Zack encounters some difficulties during the first few weeks of his movie career. The room that he rents out to movie his pornographic masterpiece is destroyed.

## Cast 
* Seth Rogen as Zack Brown
* Elizabeth Banks as Miriam "Miri" Linky
* Craig Robinson as Delaney
* Jason Mewes as Lester
* Traci Lords as Bubbles
* Jeff Anderson as Deacon
* Katie Morgan as Stacey
* Ricky Mabe as Barry
* Justin Long as Brandon St. Randy
* Brandon Routh as Bobby Long
* Tyler Labine as Drunk Customer
* Tisha Campbel as Delaney's wife
* Tom Savini as Jenkins
* Jennifer Schwalbach as Betsy
* Gerry Bednob as Mr. Surya
* Kenny Hotz as Zack II
* Nicholas Lombardi as Teen 1
* Chris Milan as Teen 2

## References 
## Other websites 
**Zack and Miri Make a Porno*'s Official website
* 
*
Alexandre Étienne Choron

**Alexandre Étienne Choron** (Caen, 1837 – 1924) was a French chef. As *chef de cuisine* of the celebrated restaurant Voisin on the rue Saint Honoré, Choron is best known for his invention of Choron sauce, a béarnaise sauce enriched with tomato concentrate.

Choron is also remembered for the food he served during the Siege of Paris by the Prussians, which began on 19 September 1870.  During the siege, Parisians were reduced to eating cats, dogs, and rats. The bourgeois did not want to eat such *low* animals, and the *de luxe* restaurants had plenty of customers. As food reserves dwindled, these restaurants, including Voisin, improvised. The menu – stuffed head of donkey, elephant consommé, roasted camel, kangaroo stew, bear shanks roasted in pepper sauce, wolf in deer sauce, cat with rat, and antelope in truffle sauce – has become legendary.  The menu's wines were Mouton-Rothschild 1846, Romanée-Conti 1858 and Château Palmer 1864.

Choron became famous for his elephant dishes (): *Trompe d’éléphant in sauce chasseur* and *Éléphant bourguignon*.  After the elephant at the ''Jardin d'acclimatation'' were used at the Christmas table, the two elephants (Castor and Pollux) at the Paris' *jardin zoologique* were consumed on 31 December 1870 at Voisin. In early January, it was the elephant at the *Jardin des Plantes* (Paris' botanical garden) which was sent to the abbatoir.  It was bought by Choron for his restaurant at the price of 15 francs per pound. By 13 January Voisin was out of elephant meat and substituted horse. The siege was lifted two weeks later.

## References
Femme Fatale

***Femme Fatale*** is the seventh studio album by American recording artist Britney Spears. It was released on March 25, 2011 by Jive Records.

## Track listing 
# Till the World Ends - 3:58
# Hold It Against Me - 3:49
# Inside Out - 3:38
# I Wanna Go - 3:30
# How I Roll - 3:36
# (Drop Dead) Beautiful - 3:36
# Seal It With A Kiss - 3:26
# Big Fat Bass - 4:44
# Trouble for Me - 3:19
# Trip to Your Heart - 3:33
# Gasoline - 3:08
# Criminal - 3:45
Jean-Baptiste-Camille Corot

**Jean-Baptiste-Camille Corot** (16 July 1796 – 22 February 1875) was a French landscape and portrait painter  as well as a printmaker in etching. 

He is a key figure in landscape painting, and painted many works. He was in  the Neo-Classical tradition, but he  the "en plein air" (painting outside in front of the scenery) of impressionism.

## Other websites
* Over 600 works by Jean-Baptiste-Camille Corot 
* Jean-Baptiste-Camille Corot at the WebMuseum
Sassafras

***Sassafras*** is a genus that contains three species of deciduous trees in the family Lauraceae. It was originally in eastern North America and eastern Asia.

Sassafras trees grow from  tall and from  wide. The trunk grows  across.

"Sassafras" was named by the botanist Nicolas Monardes in the 16th century. It is said to be a corruption of the Spanish word for saxifrage.

## Species
**Sassafras albidum* - Eastern North America, from southernmost Ontario, Canada, through the eastern United States south to central Florida, and west to southern Iowa and eastern Texas.
**Sassafras hesperia* - Eocene Klondike Mountain Formation in Washington and British Columbia
**Sassafras tzumu* - Central and southwestern China.
**Sassafras randaiense* - Taiwan.

## References 
## Other websites
Poa pratensis

***Poa pratensis*** (smooth meadow-grass, common meadow grass, or Kentucky bluegrass) is a type of grass. It is a perennial species of the grass family *Poaceae*. It is native to Europe, Asia, and northern Africa. It grows to  tall.

*Poa pratensis* makes a useful pasture plant. It is also used for making lawns in parks and gardens. *Poa* is Greek for fodder, which is food fed to livestock.

The name "Kentucky bluegrass" came from its blue flower heads.

## References
Tim Russert

**Tim Russert** (May 7, 1950 – June 13, 2008) was an American television journalist and lawyer. He was the longest serving moderator for NBC's *Meet the Press* beginning in 1991. He was the senior vice president of NBC News and a frequent correspondent and guest on NBC's *The Today Show* and *Hardball*. He was born in Buffalo, New York. Russert died from a heart attack in Washington, D.C. at the age of 58.
Kangaroo Jack

***Kangaroo Jack*** is an 2003 American-Australian adventure comedy movie set in New York City and Australia. It was produced by Jerry Bruckheimer and was directed by David McNally. *Kangaroo Jack* was released on January 17, 2003 in North America. The movie received negative reviews with a 8% rating on Rotten Tomatoes and a 16 out of 100 from Metacritic.

## Cast 
*Jerry O'Connell as Charlie Carbone
*Anthony Anderson as Louis Booker
*Estella Warren as Jessie
*Michael Shannon as Frankie Lombardo
*Christopher Walken as Salvatore "Sal" Maggio
*Dyan Cannon as Anna Carbone
*Marton Csokas as Mr. Smith
*Bill Hunter as Blue
*Tony Nikolakopoulos as Sal's Capo
*David Ngoombujarra as James "Mr. Jimmy" Inkamala
*Adam Garcia as Kangaroo "Jackie Legs" Jack (voice) (he was uncredited)
## Other websites 
*
*
University of Kentucky

The **University of Kentucky** sometimes shortened to **UK** is a public, co-educational university in Lexington, Kentucky. The university has about 27,209 students. It was founded in 1865. The current president of the university is Dr. Eli Capilouto. 

## Sports
The athletics teams of the university are called the Wildcats. They have 19 varsity teams, almost all of which compete in the Southeastern Conference. The men's soccer team plays in Conference USA, and the rifle team competes in the Great America Rifle Conference.

In the 2014-15 season of the men's basketball team, the team won all 31 regular season games and started 38-0. However, they were upset by Wisconsin in the final four, who they played also the year before. They would finish 38-1.
## Other websites
*University of Kentucky's Official website
*Kentucky Wildcats' Official athletics website
Central Connecticut State University

**Central Connecticut State University** is a public university in New Britain, Connecticut. The university has about 12,315 students. It was founded in 1849. The current president of the university is Jack Miller. 

## Sports
The athletics teams of the university are called the Blue Devils. They have 14 varsity teams and they compete in the Northeast Conference.

## Other websites
*Central Connecticut State University's Official website
*Central Connecticut Blue Devils' Official athletics website
George Hearst

**George Hearst** (1820 – 1891) was a successful prospector during the Gold Rush. He was born in Missouri into a family of farmers. He went west during the Gold Rush. By the 1860s he owned many copper and silver mines. His mining business grew bigger. In 1880 he bought the San Francisco *Examiner* to promote his political opinions and himself. He favored the two-party system. He said to Mark Twain in San Francisco that he was a Republican so his little boy, William Randolph Hearst, would become a Democrat. In 1886 he became a state senator in California. Later, his son bought more and more newspapers, which were often accused of being sensational.

## References
University of North Carolina at Charlotte

The **University of North Carolina at Charlotte** is a public, coeducational university in Charlotte, North Carolina. The university has about 24,700 students. It was started in 1946. The current chancellor of the university is Dr. Phillip L. Dubois. 

## Sports
The athletics teams of the university are called the Charlotte 49ers. They have 16 varsity teams, most of which compete in the American Athletic Conference (The American).

## Shooting
On April 30, 2019, a mass shooting happened at the university in which two people were killed and four other people were hurt.

## References
## Other websites
*University of North Carolina at Charlotte's official website
*Charlotte 49ers' official athletics website
Kids Helpline

**Kids Helpline** is a counselling service in Australia for people who are between 5 and 25 years old. Children & young people contact Kids Helpline to speak about problems in their lives. These problems range from fighting with friends and breaking up with a partner to suicidal thoughts and being hurt or abused. 

Kids Helpline employs about 110 people to work as counsellors. The call centres are based in Brisbane so all the calls that people make to the Kids Helpline go through to a call centre in Brisbane.  These counsellors listen to nearly 6,000 calls from young people each week. Kids Helpline is run by yourtown. Most of the money needed for it to run is raised through lotteries held by yourtown. The Australian Government also helps by giving some money. Optus is their biggest sponsor.

## History 
Kids Helpline was opened for taking calls on the 25 March 1991. On the first day more than 3,200 young people rang up to ask for help. By the 17th day, 122,000 thousand calls had been made. Not many of these calls were able to be answered. After a year of been open for people to call the Kids Helpline had answered 75,000 calls.

Kids Helpline was added into different states one at a time. In 1993 it was open into the whole nation of Australia. In 1999 *Email Counselling* was offered for the first time and in May 2000 *Web Counselling* was offered for the first time.

Since the first call was taken in 1991, the Kids Helpline has been contacted more than 8 million (8,000,000) times.

## Ways of Contacting 
The Kids Helpline offers three different ways of communicating with them.

### Phone 
Phoning [tel:1800&#x20;55&#x20;1800 1800 55 1800] anywhere in Australia will connect you to a counselor from Kids Helpline. The contact by phone can be made at any time of the day and on any day in the week. This is the quickest way of getting support. If the problem is really urgent Kids Helpline advises that contacting them by phone is the best way to get support immediately. Contacting this number in Australia is for free using a landline & mobile phone.

### Instant Messaging 
This is called *Web Counselling*. Web Counselling allows a person who wants help to talk over the Internet to a counselor. This is done through instant messaging, or sending messages back and forth between a person wanting help and a counselor in a chat room (similar to Skype and eHeadspace). Web Counselling is available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.

### Email 
A person needing help may send an email to the Kids Helpline and then wait for a response. This is the slowest way of getting help because it sometimes takes a counselor up to two weeks to reply to each email. For a person needing immediate assistance it is recommended to phone Kids Helpline on [tel:1800&#x20;55&#x20;1800 1800 55 1800].

## References 
## Other websites 
* Kids Helpline website
Surfer, Dude

***Surfer, Dude*** is an 2008 comedy movie that was produced by Sidney Gus Gustawes, Mark Gustawes and Matthew McConaughey and was directed by S.R. Bindler. *Surfer, Dude* was released on September 5, 2008 in North America. The movie received strongly negative reviews with a 0% rating on Rotten Tomatoes and a 16 out of 100 from Metacritic.

## Cast 
*Matthew McConaughey as Steve Addington
*Alexie Gilmore as Danni Martin
*Scott Glenn as Alister Greenbough
*Jeffrey Nordling as Eddie Zarno
*Nathan Phillips as Baker Smith
*Willie Nelson as Farmer Bob
*Woody Harrelson as Jack the Ripper
*Zachary Knighton as Brillo Murphy
*Ramón Rodríguez as Lupe La Rosa
*John Terry as Mercer Martin
*Sarah Wright as Stacey
*Todd Stashwick as Vic Hayes

## Other websites 
**Surfer, Dude*'s Official website 
*
Barcelona Sants railway station

**Barcelona Sants** (also '''''') is the main railway station in Barcelona, operated by RENFE. Built in the 1970s, the current station has become Barcelona's most important transport centre. The station is named after Sants, the neighbourhood of Barcelona that it is in.

The station has recently been remodeled so that the Spanish high-speed train AVE, which began service on 20 February 2008, can use it.

## Location and layout
The station is in the Sants-Montjuïc district of Barcelona, northwest of the city centre. It is easily reached by metro or bus from anywhere in the city. The station has two entrances.

The station has been built in a modern airport style. All its platforms are underground. The current redevelopment is aimed to make the surface-level entrance and ticket-hall area larger and brighter. A four-star hotel (Hotel Barceló Sants) occupies most of the upper floors of the station's main building. There is also an adjacent international bus station also called Barcelona Sants.

## References
## Other websites
*Barcelona-Sants information at Trenscat.com
Hampton University

**Hampton University** is a private university in Hampton, Virginia. The university has about 5,000 students. It was founded in 1868. The current president of the university is William R. Harvey. It is a historically black university.

## Sports
The athletics teams of the university are called the Pirates. They have 16 varsity teams and they compete in the Mid-Eastern Athletic Conference.

## Other websites
*Hampton University's Official website 
*Hampton Pirates' Official athletics website
Meet the Fockers

***Meet the Fockers*** is a 2004 American comedy movie. It was produced by Robert De Niro, Jon Poll, Jay Roach, Jane Rosenthal and Nancy Tenenbaum and was directed by Jay Roach. Meet the Fockers was released on December 22, 2004 in North America. The movie received mixed reviews with a 39% rating on Rotten Tomatoes and a 41 out of 100 from Metacritic. It is the first sequel to the 2000 movie, *Meet the Parents*. The second sequel which was called, *Little Fockers* was released in 2010.

## Cast 
* Ben Stiller as Gaylord "Greg" Myron Focker
* Robert De Niro as Jack Tiberius Byrnes
* Dustin Hoffman as Bernard "Bernie" Focker
* Barbra Streisand as Rosalind "Roz" Focker
* Teri Polo as Pamela "Pam" Martha Byrnes
* Blythe Danner as Dina Byrnes
* Spencer and Bradley Pickren as Little Jack
* Alanna Ubach as Isabel Villalobos
* Ray Santiago as Jorge Villalobos
* Owen Wilson  as Kevin Rawley

## References
## Other websites 
*Meet the Fockers' Official website 
* 
*
Pineapple Express (movie)

***Pineapple Express*** is an 2008 American stoner action comedy movie produced by Judd Apatow and Shauna Robertson and directed by David Gordon Green. It was released on August 6, 2008 in North America. The movie received positive reviews with a 68% rating on Rotten Tomatoes and a 64 out of 100 from Metacritic.

## Cast 
*Seth Rogen as Dale Denton
*James Franco as Saul Silver
*Danny McBride as Red
*Kevin Corrigan as Budlofsky
*Craig Robinson as Matheson
*Gary Cole as Ted Jones
*Rosie Perez as Officer Carol Brazier
*Ed Begley, Jr. as Robert
*Nora Dunn as Shannon
*Amber Heard as Angie Anderson
*Joe Lo Truglio as Mr. Edwards
*Arthur Napiontek as Clark
*Adam Crosby as Ack
*Cleo King as Police Liaison Officer
*Bill Hader as Private Miller
*James Remar as General Bratt
*David C. Cook as Chris Gebert
*Mae LaBorde as Mrs. Mendelson
*Jonathan Walker Spencer as Scientist
*Jeffrey Ng as Computer Programmer
*Jack Kehler as Walter
*Steve Bannos as Jared
*Ken Jeong as Ken
*Mae Laborde as Mrs. Mendelson 
*Justin Long as Justin (in the deleted scenes)

## Other websites
*Pineapple Express' Official website 
* 
*
Cheryl Hines

**Cheryl Hines** (born September 21, 1965) is an American actress and television director. She is most noted for playing Cheryl in the HBO show *Curb Your Enthusiasm*. She was born in Miami Beach, Florida. Hines was nominated for two Emmy Awards.

In 2014, she married Robert F. Kennedy Jr..

## References