open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Five Colleges of Ohio

This is a list of colleges and universities which are the **Five Colleges of Ohio**:
*The College of Wooster
*Denison University
*Kenyon College
*Oberlin College
*Ohio Wesleyan University

## References
*
Liger

A **liger** is a mix between a male lion (*Panthera leo*) and a female tiger (*Panthera tigris*). It is different from a similar mix called a tigon and is the biggest of all known extant cats. Males don't always have a mane.

## Other websites 
* Liger Tribute 
* Liger  Video of Sinbad (900 pound liger)
* Liger Pictures Liger Pictures from the Animal Safari in Pine Mountain Georgia
* The Liger Exists
Mézeray

**Mézeray** may mean:

* François-Eudes de Mézeray (1610-1683), French historian
* Mézeray, a commune of the Sarthe *département* in France
Ness

**Ness** may refer to:
## Places
* *Ness* is an archaic word meaning a headland or cape and comes from *nes* in Icelandic / Old Norse and for that reason there are many places once under Viking or Norse influence that include the word
* Loch Ness
**Loch Ness Monster
* Ness: East Ness & West Ness, Ryedale, North Yorkshre
* River Ness, links the Loch to the North Sea at Inverness, Scotland, UK
* Ness, Western Isles, the most northerly area on Lewis, Scotland, UK
* Bo'ness, a town in Scotland, UK
* Lowestoft Ness, most easterly point of the UK
* Orford Ness, shingle spit and bird sanctuary in Suffolk, England, UK
* Dungeness, shingle promontory and site of a nuclear power station in Kent, England
* Ness, Cheshire, a village in Cheshire on the Wirral Peninsula, England, UK
* Ness Botanic Gardens, owned by the University of Liverpool and located on the Wirral Peninsula, England, UK
* Langness Peninsula, in the Isle of Man
* Ness City, Kansas
* Ness Township, Minnesota
* Sheerness, an English town in Kent
* Caithness, a Scottish county

## Organizations
* New England Skeptical Society (NESS), a Skeptical organization
* Ness Foundation, a medical research charity near Inverness, Scotland
* Nottingham Exchange Students Society, a student-run society at the University of Nottingham
* Ness Technologies Ltd, an Information Technology company.

## Fictional Characters 
* Ness, a character from the video game Earthbound.
Hy-Vee

**Hy-Vee** is an employee owned chain of supermarkets in the Midwestern United States. As of January 2008, Hy-Vee runs 197 supermarkets and 26 Drugstores in seven states. Over 100 of its supermarkets are in Iowa, but it also has stores in Illinois, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, and South Dakota. Hy-Vee is known for its longtime advertising slogan, "Where there's a helpful smile in every aisle."

Two-time National Football League MVP Kurt Warner once worked at a Hy-Vee Store in Cedar Falls, Iowa.  After he was cut by the Green Bay Packers at age 24, he thought his football career might be over, so he worked there to play for his bills.

## Company starting 
The company was started by Charles Hyde and David Vredenburg. They had opened a general store in Beaconsfield, Iowa, in 1930. In 1938, the company changed their name to Hyde & Vredenburg, Inc. Hyde & Vredenburg had 15 stores in Iowa and Missouri at that time. In 1945, Hyde & Vredenburg moved its headquarters from Lamoni to Chariton, Iowa, after buying the Chariton Wholesale Company. 

## Stores 
Most Hy-Vee stores are full-service supermarkets with bakeries, delicatessens, banks, florists, and pharmacies. To keep pace with Wal-Mart's recent expansion into the gas station business, Hy-Vee has also added gas stations with convenience stores to some of its stores.

HyVee's Largest Store is in Sioux Falls, South Dakota, which has 
over  of Retail Space in the store. Hy-vee keeps making larger stores, so their largest store changes every 6 months to every year.

## Employment 
Hy-Vee Inc. employs over 52,000 people and is the largest employer in the state of Iowa.  The company has annual sales of over $5.84 billion. In 2007, Hy-Vee ranked 47th on *Forbes* magazine's annual list of the largest privately owned companies in the United States.

## References 
## Other websites
* Hy-Vee Food Stores Official Website
WWE The Great American Bash

**The Great American Bash,** known simply as **The Bash** in 2009 and as **NXT The Great American Bash** since 2020, is a series of professional wrestling shows held in the summer by WWE since 2004. It was originally made by the National Wrestling Alliance starting in 1985 and then by World Championship Wrestling from 1989 to 2000. According to Ric Flair in his autobiography, Dusty Rhodes invented The Great American Bash.
 
After the last Great American Bash by World Championship Wrestling in 2000, The Great American Bash did not happen again until 2004 and only SmackDown! superstars were on it until the 2007 event, when Raw and ECW brands joined. Something special about the 2004 event was that anyone in the American military could watch it for free. It was simply called The Bash in 2009, and WWE replaced the series with Fatal 4-Way the following year. In 2012, the Great American Bash returned as a special episode of *SmackDown*. Since 2020, the name is used for a yearly television special of the NXT brand (the 2023 edition however was a livesteaming-only show).

## Dates and venues
Here are the dates and places where past events have been held:

## References
## Other websites 
*Official Website
**WWE The Bash 2009 Matches*
Heart of Midlothian F.C.

**Heart of Midlothian Football Club** (commonly known as *Hearts*) is a professional football club based at Tynecastle Park in Edinburgh, Scotland. They play in the Scottish Premier League along with their city rivals Hibernian. Hearts were one of the teams invited to join the Scottish Football League when it first started in 1890. Hearts have won the Scottish Cup on 8 occasions, the League title 4 times and the League Cup 4 times.

## Players 
### Current squad 
*As of 7 December*

#### Out on loan
## References
Hibernian F.C.

**Hibernian Football Club**, also known as **Hibs**, is a professional football club based at Easter Road in Edinburgh, Scotland. They play in the Scottish Premiership. Their city rivals are Hearts. It is one of three SPFL clubs in the city, the others being their Edinburgh derby rivals Hearts and Edinburgh City. Hibernian was founded in 1875 by Irish immigrants, but support for the club is now based on geography rather than ethnicity or religion. The Irish heritage of Hibernian is still reflected, however, in its name, colours and badge.

In 1887 Hibernian defeated Preston North End in a match nicknamed the Association Football Championship of the World decider, because of the two teams’ achievements in their domestic cup trophies. Hibs enjoyed enormous success throughout the 1940s and 50s where they won the 1947/8, 1950/1 and 1951/2 League Competitions. Their not-so-secret weapon was the attacking formation known as ‘The Famous Five’ consisting of Bobby Johnstone, Willie Ormond, Lawrie Reilly, Gordon Smith and Eddie Turnbull. 

Hibs became the first British team to enter European competition in 1955.  They competed in the Champions Cup and gave a fantastic performance against the German club, Rot Weiss Essen, winning 4-1 and drawing 1-1 on the return match in Scotland.

Hibernian F.C. was in grave danger of being closed down at the beginning of the 1990s when Wallace Mercer of rivals, Hearts of Midlothian, decided he wanted just one main club in Edinburgh.  However, the club was saved in 1991 by Sir Tom Farmer CBE.

Hibernian became the first team to be relegated via the SPFL playoffs in 2014. In 2016 they ended their 114 year wait for the Scottish Cup, winning a final against Rangers 3-2.

In 2019, Tom Farmer sold the club to Ron Gordon. Gordon died in 2023.

## Squad 
:*As of June 15 2008.*

## References
Inverness Caledonian Thistle F.C.

**Inverness Caledonian Thistle Football Club** is a professional football club based at Caledonian Stadium in Inverness, Scotland. They play in the Scottish Championship and are currently managed by Billy Dodds.

## Current squad 
### International players 
Six players have represented their country whilst contracted to Caley Thistle. These are Pāvels Mihadjuks (Latvia), Richard Hastings and Davide Xausa (both Canada), Marius Niculae (Romania), Jonathan Tuffey (Northern Ireland) and Owain Tudur-Jones (Wales national football team).

## References
Environment (disambiguation)

**Environment** may mean:
*Environment (biophysical), the physical and biological factors along with their chemical interactions that affect an organism
*Natural environment, all living and non-living things that occur naturally on Earth
*Built environment, constructed surroundings that provide the setting for human activity, ranging from the large-scale civic surroundings to the personal places
*Social environment, the culture that an individual lives in, and the people and institutions with whom they interact
*Environmental science, the study of the interactions among the physical, chemical and biological components of the environment
*Environmental psychology
*Environmental determinism
*Environmental policy
*Environmental quality
*Environmental art

In **computing**:
*Environment variable, the set of environments meaning in a process
*Runtime environment, a virtual machine state which gives a software services for processes or programs while a computer is running
*Integrated development environment, a kind of computer software that helps computer programmers in developing software
*Desktop environment, in computing, is graphical user interface to the computer

## Related
*Environmentalism, a concern with the preservation of the environment. It studies the biota (living things), the environment, and their interactions. 
*Environmental movement  = same as above.
*Ecology, a sub-discipline of biology. It is often confused with the environment in general.
Kilmarnock F.C.

**Kilmarnock Football Club** is a professional football club based at Rugby Park in Kilmarnock, Scotland. They were founded in 1869, and are the oldest professional club in Scotland. They currently play in the Scottish Premier League and are managed by Derek McInnes

## Current squad 
## Notable former players
* Steven Naismith
* Kris Boyd       
* Alex Burke
* Ian Durrant
* Alex Burke
* John Shaw
* Gary Holt
* Gus MacPherson
* Ally McCoist
* Kevin McGowne
* Jim McIntyre
*   Dylan Kerr
* Tommy McLean
* Gordon Smith 
* Paul Wright
* Dragoje Leković
* Gary McSwegan

## Managers
## References
Higher education

**Higher education** is after secondary education. Through attending college a **higher degree** (or **title**) can be gained. Generally, people must be 18 years old or over to enter higher education. They also need to have completed primary school and secondary education. Usually some kind of selection is used.  Exams can be of state, local or university level. Sometimes no selection exists. Some open universities encourage older adults to apply, whether they were good at school or not.

## Preparation 
]]
Higher education is either professional or academic. You can study for a diploma or a degree. Graduates can study for a  or doctorate.  Places of higher education were traditionally called universities, but there are other names like institute, teaching training college, academy, conservatory, and polytechnic. (The names depend on the country).

## Other functions 
Research work is done at this level. Colleges often also reach out to employers and offer cultural or sporting events open to the local community.

## Role in society
The importance of higher education in society changes according to the country; for example, in many countries a student goes to university to obtain a diploma for work, but university is also often a time during which the student learns to be independent. Students also learn to mix with people of different origins, and to grow as people. Richer students can study in a place far from their hometown, but kids from poor neighbourhoods may be unable to afford college at all without a scholarship of some kind.

## Related pages
*Academia
*Academic Ranking of World Universities
*Postgraduate education
*Right to education

## References
## Other websites
*Portal dedicated to the higher education
*EU-Student Informations on Erasmus and Practices 

## References
Aeronautics

prototype designed by Clément Ader.]]
**Aeronautics** is the study of how to make and use flying machines like aeroplanes or helicopters. The name comes from the Ancient Greek language.  It means "Air Navigating".

Part of aeronautics is Aerodynamics, how air moves around things.  Many books are available on these topics.  Aeronautics is related to transport and engineering, and aerodynamics is science. 
## Related pages
* NASA
* Spacecraft
       
## Other websites
* Aeronautics Citizendium
*
Rawalpindi

{
  "type": "Feature",
  "geometry": { "type": "Point", "coordinates": [33.626057, 73.071442] },
  "properties": {
    "title": "Location of Rawalpindi city.",
    "description": "",
    "marker-symbol": "",
    "marker-size": "large",
    "marker-color": "0050d0"
  }
}

**Rawalpindi**, known simply as **Pindi**, (; Pothwari: راولپنڈی, Rāwalpindī) is a city in the Pothohar Plateau near Pakistan's capital city of Islamabad, in the province of Punjab. It is home to the headquarters of the *Pakistan Army* and also served as the nation's capital while Islamabad was being constructed during the 1960s. The city is home to many industries and factories. Benazir Bhutto International Airport is actually in Rawalpindi, formerly known as the "Chaklala Airport", serving the city along with the capital. Rawalpindi is in the Punjab province, 275&nbsp;km (171 miles) to the north-west of Lahore. It is the administrative seat of the Rawalpindi District. About 3,363,911 people lived in Rawalpindi in the year 1998. The local language spoken is Pothwari.
AT&T

**AT&T Inc.** (used to be called **American Telegraph & Telephone**) is the largest provider of both local and long distance fixed telephone services and Internet access in the United States with 71.4 million customers. It is the second largest wireless service provider in the country.

AT&T has been publicly traded on the New York Stock Exchange since 1984. It was one of the 30 companies that made up the Dow Jones Industrial Average until 2013, when it was replaced by Apple Inc.

On April 8, 2022, the spinoff of WarnerMedia and its subsequent merger with Discovery, Inc. to form Warner Bros. Discovery was completed. As a result of this merger, HBO Max and other video services were dropped from AT&T's unlimited plan offering.

In March 2024, AT&T confirmed the 2021 leak of contact information of over 7.6 million current users, as well as 65 million former ones. The leaked records may contain "full name, email address, mailing address, phone number, social security number, date of birth, AT&T account number and passcode". A few months later, it closed it's AT&T Corporation division.

## References
## Other websites
* Official website
Wienerwald

. The city is in the top left corner.]]
The **Wienerwald** (East Central Bavarian: *Weanawoid*, lit.'Vienna Woods') is a large forest of over 1,000 square kilometers. It lies southwest of Vienna in Lower Austria. It covers the start of the Alps. It is about 45&nbsp;km long, and between 20 and 30&nbsp;km wide.
Wienerwald, Austria

**Wienerwald** is an Austrian municipality in the Mödling District, Lower Austria. It is in the forest of the Vienna Woods (*Wienerwald*). About 2,600 people live there.  

## References
## Other websites 
*
Wienerwald (restaurant)

, Austria]]
, Germany]]
**Wienerwald** is a chain of franchise restaurants. The name means *Vienna Woods*. They are mainly in Germany and Austria. They specialize in chicken-based products. It was founded in 1955. It went bankrupt several times. Today the two chains in Austria and Germany are independent of each other. The company operates in Austria, Belgium, Hungary, Romania, Turkey, United Arab Emirates, United States and Egypt.
Pomona, California

**Pomona** is a city in Los Angeles County, California. As of the 2020 census, the city population was 151,713.

## References
Sin City (movie)

***Sin City*** is a 2005 American crime thriller movie written, produced and directed by Frank Miller and Robert Rodriguez. It is based on Miller's graphic novel series of the same name.

The main actors in it are Jessica Alba, Brittany Murphy, Benicio Del Toro, Clive Owen, Mickey Rourke, Bruce Willis and Elijah Wood. *Sin City* received mostly positive reviews.
This movie has a sequel called *Sin City: A Dame to Kill For*.

## References
## Other websites
* 
*
Dark Angel (American TV series)

***Dark Angel*** is an American science fiction television series created by James Cameron and Charles H. Eglee, which ran from 2000 to 2002 on the FOX network. *Dark Angel* tells the story of the character of "Max Guevara" (X5-452), a genetically enhanced super-soldier, portrayed by Jessica Alba as an adult, and Geneva Locke as a child.

The program is set in 2019 in Seattle, Washington, but was filmed in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada at Lions Gate Studios.

## Other websites 
*
Fantastic Four: Rise of the Silver Surfer

***Fantastic Four: Rise of the Silver Surfer*** is a 2007 superhero movie, and sequel to the 2005 movie *Fantastic Four*. Both movies are based on the comic book of the same name. The movie was directed by Tim Story, who also directed the original. Ioan Gruffudd, Jessica Alba, Chris Evans, Michael Chiklis, Julian McMahon and Kerry Washington reprised their roles from the first movie.

It was released June 15, 2007, in North America, and was released onto high-def Blu-ray Disc and DVD on October 2, 2007.

## Cast 
*Ioan Gruffudd as Reed Richards / Mister Fantastic
*Jessica Alba as Susan Richards / Invisible Woman
*Chris Evans as Johnny Storm / Human Torch
*Michael Chiklis as Benjamin Grimm / The Thing
*Julian McMahon as Victor Von Doom / Doctor Doom
*Doug Jones as Norrin Radd / Silver Surfer
**Laurence Fishburne as Silver Surfer's voice
*Kerry Washington as Alicia Masters
*Stan Lee as himself

## Rating 
Unlike the first *Fantastic Four* film (which was rated PG-13), the film was rated PG by the MPAA for sequences of action violence, some mild language and innuendo. This is Marvel's first film to be rated PG by the MPAA.

## Crazy credits 
* After the 20th Century Fox fanfare animation is completed, the logo disappears and slide away via a comic strip to proceed into the Marvel logo before the opening credits.
The Ultimate Fighter

***The Ultimate Fighter*** is a reality television series and mixed martial arts (MMA) contest, in the United States, and made by Spike TV and the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC). On this show, professional MMA fighters that have yet to make a big name for themselves are placed in a house outside of Las Vegas, Nevada and they go against each other for the title of The Ultimate Fighter, winning a six-figure, multi-fight contract with the UFC.

## Other websites
*Official website
*Spike TV's Ultimate Fighter page 
*UFC Official Website
Cold Mountain (movie)

***Cold Mountain*** is a 2003 American drama movie set in North Carolina. It was directed by Anthony Minghella. The main actors in the movie are Jude Law, Nicole Kidman, and Renee Zellweger. It was  for seven Academy Awards and won one, for Zellweger as Best Supporting Actress.

## Plot
The movie is about a Civil War deserter named W. P. Inman.  He has deserted the Confederate Army &ndash; he does not want to fight the war anymore and they would not let him go, so he left and has not come back. In the Civil War, the Confederacy wanted to break away from the United States, but the Union would not let them, so they fought for whether the Confederacy (also called the South) should be allowed to break away or not. Before he left, he fell in love with a woman named Ada and now he wants to be back with her.

Along the way, Inman finds a preacher named John. John is a drunk, but he goes with Inman. However, they are caught by the Home Guard, a group of men who try to find deserters and round them up. They are put in chains with a bunch of other people and are forced to march for a few days. However, the Home Guard gets tired of moving them and decides to shoot them all.  Inman manages to not get hit and soon breaks free.

At home, Ada is living with her father. Her father dies soon after Inman leaves and soon the farmhouse and the farm breaks down and looks bad. A woman named Ruby comes and teaches Ada how to work and fix the farmhouse up. They soon become good friends.  One day, Ruby's father comes to the farm. He had left his wife and the children before, and Ruby slaps him because of it but she lets him in. He can play an instrument.

## References
## Other websites 
*
Fantastic Four (2005 movie)

***Fantastic Four*** is a 2005 American superhero movie based on the Marvel Comics comic *Fantastic Four*.  The movie was released in the United States on July 8, 2005.

## Cast 
*Ioan Gruffudd as Reed Richards / Mister Fantastic
*Jessica Alba as Susan Storm / Invisible Woman
*Chris Evans as Johnny Storm / Human Torch
*Michael Chiklis as Benjamin Grimm / The Thing
*Julian McMahon as Victor Von Doom / Doctor Doom
*Kerry Washington as Alicia Masters
*Stan Lee as Willie Lumpkin

## References 
## Other websites 
*
Beverly Hills, 90210

***Beverly Hills, 90210*** is an American primetime television drama series that aired from October 4, 1990, to May 17, 2000 on FOX in the United States and subsequently on various networks around the world. The show followed the lives of a group of teenagers living in the upscale, star-studded community of Beverly Hills, California and attending the fictitious West Beverly Hills High School and then-fictitious California University. The show was created by Darren Star and produced by Aaron Spelling and Spelling Television. The "90210" in the title refers to one of the suburb's postal ZIP codes.

The original premise of the show was based around the adjustment and culture shock that twins Brandon (played by Jason Priestley) and Brenda Walsh (played by Shannen Doherty) had after they and their parents, Jim and Cindy moved from Minneapolis, Minnesota to Beverly Hills. The show addressed several topical issues, including: date rape, alcoholism, domestic violence, gay rights, drug abuse, teenage suicide, AIDS, and teenage pregnancy.

The show gained popularity during the summer of 1991, when FOX aired a special "summer season" of the show while most other series were in reruns. The series became one of FOX's top shows when it began its next season that fall. Viewership increased dramatically and the cast members, particularly Jason Priestley and Luke Perry, became teen idols, while the series would make actresses Shannen Doherty, Jennie Garth and Tori Spelling household names.

## Other websites 
*
Teen Choice Awards

The **Teen Choice Awards** is an awards show presented annually by FOX. The program honors the year's biggest achievements in music, movies, sports, and television, as voted on by teens aged 12–17. The program usually features a high number of celebrities and musical performers. The winners are awarded with lifesize surfboards, to fit the summertime theme. The ceremony has also created spin-off teen awards on YouTube.

Starting in 1999, the *Teen Choice Awards* were presented weeks prior to the televised event up through 2005. Since 2006, the program has been televised live.

## References
French Canadians

**French Canadian** (***Canadien*** or ***Canadien français*** in French) refers to a nation or ethnic group that comes from Canada in the period of French colonization in the 1600s. They are the main French-speaking population of Canada. It may also refer to people of French descent living in Canada, or native speakers of French in Canada.

## References
## Other websites
*Multicultural Canada website  includes seven full-text searchable French Canadian newspapers from Ontario and Quebec
Good Luck Chuck

***Good Luck Chuck*** is a 2007 romantic comedy movie starring Jessica Alba and Dane Cook. The story of the movie is Chuck is a "good luck charm" lover. That is, women will find their "one true love" after having sex with him. He then meets a girl who he thinks is his true love.

## Sources
## Other websites 
* 
* 
* 
* 
*
Saturn Award

The **Saturn Award** is an award presented every year by the **Academy of Science Fiction, Fantasy & Horror Films** to honor the top works in science fiction, fantasy, and horror in movie, television, and home video. The prestigious Saturn Awards were devised by Dr. Donald A. Reed, who felt that movies within those genres were never given the appreciation they deserved. The physical award is a representation of the planet Saturn, surrounded with a ring of film. The award was initially, and is still sometimes loosely referred to as a **Golden Scroll**.

Similar to other awards, like the Oscars, the Emmys and the Grammys, the Saturn Awards are voted on by members of the presenting Academy. There are also special awards for lifetime achievement in the field.

The awards were first presented in 1972. 

## Saturn Award 
The Saturn Award is an annual award presented to recognize excellence in film and television in the genres of science fiction, fantasy, and horror. The award is given by the Academy of Science Fiction, Fantasy and Horror Films.

## History of the Award 
- The Saturn Award was founded in 1972 by Donald A. Reed, a publisher and editor of the science fiction magazine "Castle of Frankenstein".

- The award is presented annually to recognize outstanding works in the fields of science fiction, fantasy, and horror.

- Over time, the award has expanded to include new categories such as television series and comic book adaptations.

## Categories 
- Best Science Fiction Film

- Best Horror Film

- Best Fantasy Film

- Best Television Series

- Best Actor and Actress in a Film and Television Series

- Best Director

- Best Writing

- Best Music

- Best Visual Effects

- Best Animated Film

- Best New Media Television Series

## Importance of the Award 
- The Saturn Award is one of the most prestigious awards in the science fiction, fantasy, and horror genres.

- The award is a platform to recognize outstanding works and encourage creators in these fields.

- Many films and television series that have won the Saturn Award have become classics in their respective genres.

## The Ceremony 
- The Saturn Award ceremony is held annually in the United States.

- The nominees and winners are announced during the ceremony.

- The ceremony features entertainment performances and tributes to the winners.

## Cultural Impact 
- The Saturn Award has a significant impact on the film and television industry.

- Winning a Saturn Award can increase the visibility and commercial success of a film or television series.

- The award also encourages creators to produce outstanding works in the science fiction, fantasy, and horror genres.

## See also 
Academy Award

Golden Globe Awards

Emmy Award

## Updates until 2025 
- The Saturn Award has continued to evolve and expand to include new categories and modern technologies in film and television production.

- The award has become a major platform to recognize outstanding works in the science fiction, fantasy, and horror genres.

## References
Maxim (magazine)

***Maxim*** is an international men's magazine based in the United Kingdom and known for its revealing pictorials featuring popular actresses, singers, and female models, none of which are nudes.

In the United States, *Maxim* is an industry leader, reporting a circulation of 2.5 million readers which they claim is enough to outsell leading competitors *GQ*, *Esquire*, and *Details* combined.
JCPenney

**J. C. Penney Company, Inc** (most commonly known today by the name **JCPenney** or simply **Penneys**) is a mid-range chain of American department stores based in Plano, Texas, a suburb north of Dallas. The company operates 1,067 stores in 49 of the 50 U.S. states (except Hawaii) and Puerto Rico, and the largest general merchandise catalog business in the United States. In addition to sale of conventional merchandise, JCPenney stores are often home to several leased departments such as Optical, Portrait Studios, Jewelry & Watch repair, etc.

## References
Flipper (1995 TV series)

***Flipper (1995)***, is an American television series, also known as *The New Adventures of Flipper*.  It is a remake of the 1964 *Flipper* television series.  The first two seasons appeared first in syndication; seasons 3 and 4 appeared on the PAX network.

The 1995 version brought back Bud Ricks as a scientist doing marine research in Florida.  The dolphin Flipper was one with whom Dr. Ricks was working.  Jessica Alba was in the show.
Orient

**Orient** is a term meaning "the east". It is from the Latin word *oriens*. Ancient Rome sometimes used it to mean the area east of Rome. Later the dividing line moved farther east, to the Adriatic or the Aegean or the Indus River. This term is in contrast to the "Occident", which is a term meaning "the west". 

Edward Said used the term in his book Orientalism (1978). He used it to mean an area including most of present-day North Africa and Middle Eastern countries.
Drew Barrymore

**Drew Blyth Barrymore** (born February 22, 1975) is an American actress, model and movie producer. Born in Culver City, California, she is the youngest member of the Barrymore family. Lionel Barrymore was her great-uncle and John Barrymore was her grandfather. Barrymore made a breakout role in *E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial*. She starred with Adam Sandler in *The Wedding Singer*, *50 First Dates* and *Blended*. She starred in the Netflix series *Santa Clarita Diet*.

## Personal life 
Barrymore is bisexual. She was married three times. She had a relationship with Jeremy Thomas, Tom Green and Will Kopelman. Before their divorce, Barrymore has two daughters.

## Movies and television
## References 
## Other websites 
* 
* 
*
The Secret World of Alex Mack

***The Secret World of Alex Mack*** is an American television series that ran on Nickelodeon from October 8, 1994 to January 15, 1998, replacing *Clarissa Explains It All* on the SNICK line-up. Repeats of the series aired in 2003 on The N, but it was soon replaced there. The show is currently not on the air in the U.S.
Never Been Kissed

***Never Been Kissed*** is a 1999 American comedy movie directed by Raja Gosnell. It follows a journalist pretending to be high school student. It stars Drew Barrymore, David Arquette, Michael Vartan, Molly Shannon, Leelee Sobieski, John C. Reilly, Jessica Alba, Marley Shelton and Garry Marshall. It marked the first movie produced by Flower Films and James Franco's film debut.

## Other websites 
*

## References
Idle Hands

***Idle Hands*** is a 1999 American comedy-horror movie starring Devon Sawa, Seth Green, and Jessica Alba with Elden Henson and Vivica A. Fox. It follows the life of a teen whose hand becomes possessed and goes on a killing spree, even after being cut off from his arm. The film was delayed in its release because of the Columbine massacre.

## Sources
Tonsil

The **tonsils** are areas of lymphoid tissue on either side of the throat. An infection of the tonsils is called tonsillitis or tonsilitis. Most commonly, the term "tonsils" refers to the palatine tonsils that can be seen in the back of the throat. 

Like other organs of the lymphatic system, the tonsils act as part of the immune system to help protect against infection. In particular, they are believed to be involved in helping fight off pharyngeal and upper respiratory tract infections.
Shigesato Itoi

**Shigesato Itoi** ( *Itoi Shigesato*, born November 10, 1948 in Gumna) is a famous Japanese copywriter, essayist, and game designer. In his video game career, one of his most well-known works has been the *EarthBound* series, which began in 1989 with the release of EarthBound Beginnings (also known as Mother in Japan) and ended in 2006 with the release of Mother 3.

## References
The Eye (2008 movie)

***The Eye*** is a 2008 movie starring Jessica Alba. It is a remake of the 2002 Hong Kong-Thai-Singaporean movie of the same name. The movie was rated PG-13 by the MPAA for "violence/terror and disturbing content." It was directed by David Moreau and Xavier Palud. It is the story of a young blind girl who has her sight restored. She is able to see dead people, and sets out to find the history of her new eyes.

## References
Creatures (company)

is a Japanese video game company. It used to be called Ape, Inc. It's most well known for the *Pokémon* video game series, trading cards, and toys, as well as the *EarthBound* series while they were Ape, Inc.
Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences

The **Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences** (**AMPAS**) is a professional  group meant for the advancement of the arts and sciences of movies.

The Academy has over 6,000 motion picture  as members. While the most of its members are in the United States, membership is open to filmmakers around the world. As of 2004, it had members from 36 countries. It is known around the world for its yearly Academy Awards, known to most people as the "Oscars." 

Also, the Academy gives Student Academy Awards to filmmakers at the undergraduate and graduate level each year; awards up to five Nicholl Fellowships in Screenwriting each year; and runs the Margaret Herrick Library in Beverly Hills, California and the Pickford Center for Motion Picture Study in Hollywood, California, which will grow to include Academy Museum of Motion Pictures, to open as a tourist site in 2017.

The president of the Academy has been Janet Yang since 2022.

## References
Invisible Woman

The **Invisible Woman** (**Dr. Susan "Sue" Storm-Richards**) is a fictional character, a Marvel Comics superheroine created by writer Stan Lee and artist/co-writer Jack Kirby. The character first appeared in *Fantastic Four* #1 in November 1961. Like the other founding members of the Fantastic Four, Sue received her powers after being exposed to a cosmic storm. Her primary power deals with light waves, allowing her to render herself and others invisible. However, she can also project powerful fields of invisible energy which she uses for a variety of offensive and defensive effects. Sue plays a central role in the lives of her brother, her husband, her children (Franklin Richards and Val Richards), and her friend, Ben Grimm. 

## In other media 
The character has appeared in toys, television series, movies, and video games as well. She has been adapted into motion pictures and is played by Rebecca Stabb, Jessica Alba, Kate Mara, and Vanessa Kirby.
GQ

***GQ*** (originally '''''Gentlemen's Quarterly''''') is a monthly men's magazine focusing upon fashion, style, and culture for men, through articles on food, movies, physical fitness, sex, music, travel, sports, technology, and books. It is generally thought of as being more sophisticated than magazines, such as *Maxim* or *FHM*. 

## History
''Gentlemen's Quarterly* was launched in 1931 in the United States as ***Apparel Arts**'', a men's fashion magazine for the clothing trade, aimed primarily at wholesale buyers and retail sellers. 

## Sources
Big Cartoon DataBase

The **Big Cartoon DataBase** (**BCDB**) is an online database of information about cartoons, animated movies, and animated television shows.

## Other websites 
* The Big Cartoon DataBase
MTV Movie Awards

The **MTV Movie Awards** is a movie awards show presented annually on MTV **(Music Television).** It also contains movie parodies that used official movie footage with hosts and other celebrities and music performances. The nominees are decided by a special panel at Tenth Planet Productions, the production company headed by Joel Gallen, who also created the MTV Movie Awards. Winners are decided by the general public. Presently voting is done through MTV's official website through a special Movie Awards link.

## Other websites
*
Mexican Americans

**Mexican Americans** are US citizens of Mexican ancestry. They account for 9% of the country's population: about 28.3 million Americans listed their Original Native ancestry as Mexican as of 2006. They form the largest Original Native group in the United States and contain the largest group of. Mexican Americans trace their ancestry to the modern day country of Mexico or the Southwestern United States.

Most Mexican Americans live in the four states that border Mexico, California, Texas, Arizona and New Mexico. The areas in and around Los Angeles is home to over six million Mexican Americans. There are also a number of large Mexican American communities in other areas of the Western and Southwestern United States. Though Chicago is not in the Western or Southwestern United States, it has 1.4 million Mexican Americans, more Mexican Americans than any city except Los Angeles.

## Related pages
* Mexican people
* Mestizo
* Hispanic
* Chicano

## References
## Other websites
* California Ethnic and Multicultural Archives – In the Chicano/Latino Collections  - University of California Santa Barbara
* California Ethnic and Multicultural Archives – Digital Chicano Art  - University of California Santa Barbara
* Calisphere > California Cultures > Hispanic Americans  - University of California System
* ImaginArte – Interpreting and Re-imaging Chican@Art  - University of California Santa Barbara
* *Manifest Destinies: The Making of the Mexican American Race* (book)
* Mexican-American.org – Network of the Mexican American Community
* Mexican Americans MSN Encarta(  2009-11-01)
* Think Mexican – News, Culture, and Information on the Mexican Community 
* Mexican Americans - History - World Culture Encyclopedia
* Mexican Immigration to the United States
* Article: Mexican Immigrants in the United States | migrationpolicy.org
Frank Miller

**Frank Miller** (born January 27, 1957) is an American writer, artist and movie director. He is best known for his film noir style comic book stories including Ronin (Marvel), Daredevil: Born Again, The Dark Knight Returns, Sin City, and 300. 

He is one of the most widely-recognized and popular creators in comics, and is one of the most influential comics creators of his generation.

## Early life 
Miller was born in Olney, Maryland, on January 27, 1957, and raised in Montpelier, Vermont.

## Career 
Because of his interest in comics, Miller moved to New York as a young adult to work as a comic book artist. Miller released his first graphic novel, Ronin, in 1983. Miller later wrote other graphic novels including the Dark Knight Returns and 300.  

Miller moved to Los Angeles, California and worked in Hollywood during the 1980s and 1990s, writing the scripts for the Robocop series (Robocop II (2) and Robocop III (3)). Not happy with the films, Miller stopped working in TV and movies until 2005, when Miller worked with director Robert Rodgriguez on the film, Sin City. 

## References
Robert Rodriguez

**Robert Anthony Rodriguez** (born June 20, 1968) is an American movie director, composer, and visual effects supervisor perhaps best known for making profitable, crowd-pleasing independent and studio movies with fairly low budgets and fast schedules by Hollywood standards. He shoots, edits, produces, and scores many of his films in Mexico and in his home state of Texas. He's known for his collabs with Quentin Tarantino, Ethan Manquis and Elizabeth Avellán.

## References
Brooklyn South

***Brooklyn South*** is a short-lived American television police drama. It aired from September 22, 1997 to April 27, 1998 on CBS for only one season. It was canceled due to poor ratings.

One of the producers of the series was Steven Bochco, creator of many well-known police dramas such as *Hill Street Blues* and *NYPD Blue*. *Brooklyn South* was also created and produced by David Milch. The series tried to create a setting of a gritty, realistic police station similar to that of *NYPD Blue*, but differed by focusing on the uniformed police officers rather than the detectives. The pilot of *Brooklyn South* was noted as the first TV-MA rated episode on broadcast television.
Telegraphy

]]

With **telegraphy** (from the Greek words * (τηλε)* = far and * (γραφειν)* = write), messages are sent over long distances without any need to physically transport letters.

To send messages, a telegraph sends pulses of electricity through wires in a special code. The code includes short and large dots and dashes. Usually, amateur radio operators use Morse code. 's optical telegraph on the Litermont near Nalbach, Germany]]

## History
### The first telegraphs 
Some of the first telegraphs were made in the late 1700s, but these were hard to use because they had too many wires. 

Telegrams first became popular in the mid-1800s. In 1844 Samuel Morse built a single-wire telegraph line from Baltimore to Washington, D.C.. This was much easier to use than the earliest telegraphs, which used many wires. Soon there were telegraphs all over the United States.

By the end of the nineteenth century, a transatlantic telegraph cable had been laid. Radio telegraphy became widespread in the early 20th century, especially on ships.

After the 1930s, long-distance telephone calls became less expensive than telegrams. Telegrams became less and less popular. Western Union, an American company created for telegrams, sent its last one in 2006.

### Telegrams 
*See the main article: Telegram*

In the mid-1800s, people communicated across long distances by writing letters. However, letters could take a long time to cross the country. Telegrams were much more convenient than letters because they could be delivered to faraway places immediately. This made it much easier for people to communicate and to move to the Western United States. 

To send a telegram, a person would give their message to a telegraph operator, who would send the message to another operator message using Morse code. The second operator would write down the message and give it to the person who received it.

## Telegraphs now
Telegrams have become rare. This is because of newer technology that people can use to communicate, such as the telephone and the Internet. However, Morse code is still popular among amateur radio enthusiasts.

## Related pages 
* Electrical telegraph
* Telegram
* Transatlantic telegraph cable
* Morse code

## References
## Other websites 
*
Telepathy

**Telepathy**  is the hypothesis that some people can communicate to others by thought, instead of through the known senses.

The term was coined by classics scholar and psychologist Frederic William Henry Myers in 1882. Sigmund Freud did experiments with his daughter Anna where he attempted to communicate with her telepathically. In 1930 Upton Sinclair wrote a book about his experiments with his wife in telepathic communication entitled *Mental Radio*.

## Eysenck's opinion 
Professor Hans Eysenck of London University's Institute of Psychiatry stated:Unless there is a gigantic conspiracy involving some thirty university departments all over the world, and several hundred highly respected scientists in various fields, many of them originally skeptical to the claims of the psychical researchers, the only conclusion that the unbiased observer can come to is that there does exist a small number of people who obtain knowledge existing in other people's minds, or in the outer world, by means as yet unknown to science.

## Scientific reception 
The scientific community considers parapsychology a pseudoscience. A variety of experiments have attempted to demonstrate telepathy, but found no scientific evidence that the power exists. There is no known mechanism for telepathy. 

Philosopher and physicist Mario Bunge wrote that telepathy would contradict laws of science: "[The claim that] signals can be transmitted across space without fading with distance is inconsistent with physics."

A panel commissioned by the United States National Research Council to study paranormal claims concluded:Despite a 130-year record of scientiﬁc research on such matters, our committee could ﬁnd no scientiﬁc justiﬁcation for the existence of phenomena such as extrasensory perception, mental telepathy or 'mind over matter' exercises... Evaluation of a large body of the best available evidence simply does not support the [claim] that these phenomena exist." 

## Related pages 
*Parapsychology
*Teleportation

## References
The Love Guru

***The Love Guru*** is an 2008 American romantic sports comedy movie set in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It was directed by Marco Schnabel and starring Mike Myers. Romany Malco, Jessica Alba and Justin Timberlake co-star. In addition to starring in the movie, Myers wrote *The Love Guru* with Graham Gordy and produced it with Gary Barber. The movie was released by Paramount Pictures on June 20, 2008 and was rated PG-13.

## Cast
*Mike Myers as Guru Maurice Pitka
*Jessica Alba as Jane Bullard
*Romany Malco as Darren Roanoke
*Meagan Good as Prudence Roanoke
*Verne Troyer as Coach Punch Cherkov
*Justin Timberlake as Jacques "Le Coq" Grandé
*Telma Hopkins as Lillian Roanoke
*Manu Narayan as Rajneesh - Pitka's assistant
*John Oliver as Dick Pants
*Ben Kingsley as Guru Tugginmypudha
*Ian McKellen as Professor Gerald Whitman
*Stephen Colbert as Jay Kell
*Jim Gaffigan as Trent Lueders
*Rob Huebel as Bar Patron / Cameo
*Omid Djalili as Guru Satchabigknoba

### People who appeared as themselves
*Mike Myers
*Mariska Hargitay
*Kanye West
*Val Kilmer
*Morgan Freeman (voice)
*Rob Blake
*Deepak Chopra
*Oprah Winfrey
*Judi Dench (referenced by commentator Jay Kell (Stephen Colbert))
*Jessica Simpson

## Other websites
*The Love Guru Official Movie Website 
*
*
*
*Guru Pitka's Book Club  "The Love Guru - The Official Book Club"
Michael Weatherly

**Michael Manning Weatherly, Jr.** (born July 8, 1968) is an American actor. He is best known for his role as Special Agent Anthony DiNozzo on the television series *NCIS*. After being in over 300 episodes he is leaving NCIS at the end of the 2016 season. He also plays Dr. Jason Bull in the CBS drama series *Bull*.

## References 
## Other websites 
*Official Michael Weatherly website 
*
National Football League Training Camp

In the National Football League, **NFL Training Camp** is the time before the season starts. During this time, teams will work hard at an special place, often a university. This is almost the same as baseball's spring training.

## Training camp sites by team 
## Other websites 
*NFL Training Camp Information - From NFL.com
Bright's disease

'''Bright's disease''' is a historical classification of kidney diseases that are now called acute or chronic nephritis. The main symptom is  the presence of serum albumin (blood plasma protein) in the urine, and frequently accompanied by oedema and hypertension.

The term is no longer used, as the disease is now classified by its better known causes.

## References
Rheumatism

**Rheumatism** or **Rheumatic disorder** is a general term for medical problems that can hurt the heart, bones, joints, kidney, skin and lungs. The study of these problems is called rheumatology.

## Types 
The major rheumatic disorders that are known, some are:
* Ankylosing spondylitis
* Back pain
* Bursitis/ Tendinitis, Shoulder or wrist pain, pain in the biceps, leg, knee (patellar), ankle, hip, and Achilles
* Capsulitis
* Fibromyalgia
* Neck pain
* Osteoarthritis
* Psoriatic arthritis
* Rheumatic fever
* Rheumatic heart disease (a long-term complication of Rheumatic fever)
* Rheumatoid arthritis
* Systemic lupus erythematosus
* Temporal arteritis and Polymyalgia rheumatica
* Tenosynovitis.

## Treatment 
Many traditional herbal remedies (using plants and herbs) were recommended for rheumatism in the past. Modern medicine, both conventional and complementary, shows that the different rheumatic disorders have different causes (and several of them have more than one) and need different kinds of treatment.

## Other websites 
* American College of Rheumatology
* EULAR - The European League Against Rheumatism
* BBC "Your Health" website on Arthritis and Rheumatism 
* e-medicine article on Non-Articular Rheumatism
Amani Toomer

**Amani Toomer** () (born September 8, 1974 in Berkeley, California) is a retired American football wide receiver that played for the New York Giants and Kansas City Chiefs of the National Football League. He won Super Bowl XLII with the Giants on February 3, 2008.

## Other websites 
*