open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Ghardaïa Province

**Ghardaïa** is a province in eastern Algeria.  The capital is Ghardaïa. The M'Zab Valley, located there, is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

## Divisions
The province has 9 districts and 13 *communes* or municipalities.

### Districts
# Métlili
# El Ménia
# Bounoura
# Mansourah
# Ghardaïa
# Dhayat Ben Dhahoua
# Zelfana
# Bérianne
# El Guerara

## References
Relizane Province

**Relizane** is a province of Algeria. Relizane is the capital. 

## Divisions
The province has 13 districts and 38 *communes* or municipalities.

### Districts
# Ain Tarik
# Ammi Moussa
# Djidiouia
# El H'Madna
# El Matmar
# Mazouna
# Mendes
# Oued Rhiou
# Ramka
# Relizane
# Sidi M'Hamed Ben Ali
# Yellel
# Zemmoura

## References
Matilde Camus

**Matilde Camus** (26 September 1919 – 28 April 2012) was a Spanish poet who also wrote non-fiction. She was born in Santander, Cantabria.

## Poetry
* *Voces* ("Voices", 1969).
**Vuelo de estrellas* ("Stars flight", 1969).
**Manantial de amor* ("Love Spring", 1972)..
**Bestiario poético* ("Poetic book of animals", 1973).
**Templo del Alba* ("Temple of Dawn", 1974).
**Siempre amor* ("Forever Love", 1976).
**Cancionero de Liébana* ("Collection of verse of Liebana", 1977).
**Corcel en el tiempo* ("Steed of the time", 1979).
**Perfiles* ("Profiles", 1980).
**He seguido tus huellas* ("I have followed your footprints", 1981).
**Testigo de tu marcha* ("Witness of your departure", 1981).
**Testimonio* ("Testimony", 1982).
**La preocupación de Miguel Ángel* ("The concern of Miguel Ángel", 1982).
**Tierra de palabras* ("Land of words", 1983).
**Coral montesino* ("Chorale of Monte", 1983).
**Raíz del recuerdo* ("Root of remembrance", 1984).
**Cristales como enigmas* ("Glasses as enigma", 1985).
**Sin teclado de fiebre* ("Without a fever keyboard", 1986).
**Santander en mi sentir* ("Santander in my heart", 1989).
**Sin alcanzar la luz* ("Without reaching the Light", 1989).
**El color de mi cristal* ("The colour of my glasses", 1990).
**Tierra de mi Cantabria* ("Cantabria, my land", 1991).
**Amor dorado* ("Golden Love", 1993).
**Ronda de azules* ("Blue avenue", 1994).
**Vuelo de la mente* ("Mind flight", 1995).
**Reflexiones a medianoche* ("Midnight thoughts", 1996).
**Mundo interior* ("Inner World", 1997).
**Fuerza creativa* ("Creative strength", 1998).
**Clamor del pensamiento* ("Clamour of thought", 1999).
**Cancionero multicolor* ("Multicolour collection of verses", 1999).
**La estrellita Giroldina* ("Giroldina the star", 1999).
**Prisma de emociones* ("Prism of emotions", 2000).
**Motivos alicantinos* ("Motif from Alicante").

## Other websites
* "Matilde Camus Official Website"
Camus (disambiguation)

**Albert Camus** (1913–1960) was a French philosopher, writer, and journalist.

**Camus** might also mean:
## People
* Camus (name), a given name and surname, including a list of people with the name
* Camus (folklore), an 11th-century legendary Scandinavian military leader
* Camus (musician), an American singer-songwriter

## Places
*Camus, County Galway, Ireland
*Camus, a townland in County Londonderry, Northern Ireland
*Camus, a townland and parish in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland
*Castle Camus or Knock Castle, a castle on the Isle of Skye, Scotland

## Other uses
*Camus people or Ilchamus people, a people of Kenya
*Camus Cognac, a brand of French cognac 
*Royal Corps of Army Music (CAMUS), a corps of the British Army
*Camus, a fictional character in *Meine Liebe*
Wāli

**Wāli** or ***vali*** is a title used during the Arab Empire and Ottoman Empire.  It means governor. It is still used in some countries with Arabic culture.

In Algeria, a *wāli* is the "governor" of each of the 48 provinces.  They are chosen by the president.

In Iran the governors are called Vāli.

In Turkey the head of the 81 provinces is called a wāli.
People's Provincial Assembly

The '''People's Municipal Assembly'* is the political group that rules the provinces of Algeria. The people are picked for five years. This assembly further elects a president, the *president of the People's Provincial Assembly''.
Numidia

**Numidia** (202 BC – 46 BC) was an ancient Berber kingdom.  It was in modern-day Algeria and a smaller part of western Tunisia in North Africa.  It was the first major state in the history of Algeria and the Berber world.

## Sources
Shark Bay

**Shark Bay** is a large bay on the west coast of Western Australia. It is about  north of Perth. In 1991, the bay, its islands, and the land around it were added to UNESCO's list of World Heritage Sites.   

Shark Bay has three important features to protect. It has the largest seagrass beds in the world. These are home to about 10% of the world's dugongs. And at one end of the bay are stromatolites, which are the oldest form of life on the Earth. The protected area covers .

## World Heritage Site
The area protected by the World Heritage Site is made up of different areas. About 70% of the site is marine environment protected by national parks and reserves, and includes  of coastline. About 20% was used for farming, but half of this area has been taken over by the government and is now conservation area. About 6% is in national parks and reserves.

### Parks and reserves
* Bernier Island
* Dirk Hartog Island National Park
* Dorre Island
* Charlie Island
* Faure Island Sanctuary
* Francois Peron National Park
*  Friday Island
* Hamelin Pool Marine Nature Reserve
* Hamelin Pool/East Faure Island High-Low Water Mark
* Koks Island
* Monkey Mia
* Shark Bay Marine Park
* Shell Beach Conservation Park
* Small Islands
* Zuytdorp Nature Reserve

## Related pages 
*List of World Heritage Sites in Australia

## References 
## Other websites
* Shark Bay website
UTC+01:00

**UTC+01:00** is the timezone for many places.

This time is used in:

*Central European Time
*West Africa Time
*Western European Summer Time
**British Summer Time
**Irish Standard Time
*Romance Standard Time (Microsoft Windows Control panel)
*Swatch Internet Time

## As standard time (all year round)
*Algeria
*Angola
*Benin
*Cameroon
*Central African Republic
*Chad
*Republic of the Congo
*Democratic Republic of the Congo:
**Bandundu
**Bas-Congo
**Équateur
**Kinshasa
*Equatorial Guinea
*Gabon
*Niger
*Nigeria
*Tunisia

## As standard time (Northern Hemisphere winter)
*Albania
*Andorra
*Austria
*Belgium
*Bosnia and Herzegovina
*Croatia
*Czech Republic
*Denmark
*France
*Germany
*Gibraltar (UK)
*Hungary
*Italy
*Liechtenstein
*Luxembourg
*North Macedonia
*Malta
*Monaco
*Montenegro
*Netherlands
*Norway, including:
**Svalbard and Jan Mayen
*Poland
*San Marino
*Serbia
*Slovakia
*Slovenia
*Spain - except Canary Islands
*Sweden
*Switzerland
*Vatican City

## As standard time (Southern Hemisphere winter)
*Namibia
*Bouvet Island

## As daylight saving time (Northern Hemisphere summer)
*Alderney
*Faroe Islands
*Guernsey
*Ireland
*Isle of Man
*Jersey
*Morocco 
*Portugal - except Azores
*Sark
*Spain - Canary Islands only
*United Kingdom (GMT / BST)

## References
Stonehenge, Avebury and Associated Sites

**Stonehenge, Avebury and Associated Sites** is a UNESCO World Heritage Site in Wiltshire, England.

Stonehenge and Avebury are  of large stones called megaliths. Both  sites are circles of stones which are placed in a pattern.  In each, the placement of the stones and spaces between them may have astronomical meaning. Windmill Hill, West Kennet Long Barrow, and Overton Hill.

## Gallery

File:0001-Ground-plan-of-Stonehenge-q75-1139x1590.jpg|Plan of Stonehenge, c. 1840
File:Knight-Stonehenge-Restored-plan-q85-1165x1066.jpg|Stonehenge restored, 1845
File:Knight-Stonehenge-Perspective-elevation-restored.jpg|Stonehenge, perspective view of restored stones, 1845 

## Related pages 
* List of World Heritage Sites in the United Kingdom

## References
## Other websites
* EnglishHeritage.org, Stonehenge
* SacredDestinations.com, Stonehenge
Zirid dynasty

The **Zirid dynasty** were a Berber group. They were from what is now modern Algeria. The capital was Achir. 

The Hammadids came from this group.

## Zirid rulers
*Abul-Futuh Sayf ad-Dawla Bologhine Ibn Ziri (973-983)
*Abul-Fat'h al-Mansur ibn Buluggin (983-995)
*Abu Qatada Nasir ad-Dawla Badis ibn Mansur (995-1016)
*Sharaf ad-Dawla al-Muizz ibn Badis (1016–1062) declared independence from the Fatimids 1048, changed capital to Mahdia in 1057 after Kairouan was lost to the Banu Hilal.
*Abu Tahir Tamim ibn al-Muizz (1062–1108); changed the khutba to refer to the Abbasid Caliph in 1087, marking a final break with the Fatimids.
*Yahya ibn Tamim (1108–1131)
*Ali ibn Yahya (1115–1121)
*Abul-Hasan al-Hasan ibn Ali (1121–1152)

## References
Rustamid

The **Rustamid** (or *Rustumid*, *Rostemid*) ruled part of North Africa in the from the 700's to 909.  It was a Muslim theocracy.  The capital was Tahert.  It was in present-day Algeria. The group had a Persian origin. No one knows how big their land was but it went as far east as Jabal Nafusa in Libya.

## Rustamid Imams
*Abd ar-Rahman ibn Rustam ibn Bahram (776-784)
*Abd al-Wahhab ibn Abd ar-Rahman (784-832)
*Aflah ibn Abd al-Wahhab (832-871)
*Abu Bakr ibn Aflah (871)
*Muhammad Abul-Yaqzan ibn Aflah (871-894)
*Yusuf Abu Hatim ibn Muhammad Abil-Yaqzan (894-897)
*Yaqub ibn Aflah (897-901)
*Yusuf Abu Hatim ibn Muhammad Abil-Yaqzan, again (901-906)
*Yaqzan ibn Muhammad Abil-Yaqzan (906-909)

## References
Naama Province

**Naâma** is a province of Algeria.  The capital is the town of Naâma. There is an airport in Mécheria.

## Divisions
The province has 7 districts and 12 *communes* or municipalities.

### Districts
# Aïn Séfra
# Asla
# Mécheria
# Mekmen Ben Amar
# Moghrar
# **Naâma**
# Sfissifa

## References
Algerian dinar

The **dinar** is the money of Algeria. 100 *santeem* make 1 dinar.  The name "dinar" comes from the Roman denarius.  Algeria started using the dinar on 1 April 1964.
Iwami Ginzan Silver Mine

The  was a silver mine in the city of Ōda, Shimane Prefecture. It was the largest silver mine in Japanese history. Iwami Ginzan was active for almost four hundred years. It was discovered in 1526 and closed in 1923. 

Today the mine has become an open-air museum.  It was named a World Heritage Site in 2007.

## Mine history
Kamiya Jutei, a Japanese merchant, started the mine in 1526. By the early 1600s the mine was producing approximately 38 tons of silver a year. That was one third of the world's production at that time. 

Warlords fought over the mine until the Tokugawa Shogunate took control of it in 1600 after the Battle of Sekigahara in 1600. 

## References
## Further reading
* Lyman, Benjamin Smith. (1879). *Geological Survey of Japan: Reports of Progress for 1878 and 1879.* Tookei: Public Works Department.  OCLC: 13342563

## Other websites
* Iwami-Ginzan Silver Mine site 
* Article in UNESCO
* Japan Mint, World Heritage Coin Set
French colonial empire

The **French colonial empire** (French: *Empire colonial français*) was land that was controlled by France from the 16th century to the late 1960s.

In the 17th and the 18th centuries, France gained and then lost large territories in North America and India. Like other empires of the time, it was powered by slaves, most of whom had been captured in Africa. The Haitian Revolution, when many of those slaves in the colony of Saint-Domingue (now Haiti and the Dominican Republic) fought and defeated the French, caused major changes in the empire.

Some historians believe in a first and a second French colonial empire. The "First French Colonial Empire" began with the French colonization of the Americas and ended in the Napoleonic Wars. The "Second French Colonial Empire" was mostly the French colonies in Africa.

Lasting from the 16th to the 17th centuries, the First French Colonial Empire had a total area of over 10,000,000 square kilometres (3,900,000 sq mi) at its peak, in 1680. At the time, it was the second-largest empire in the world, behind the Spanish Empire. In terms of land area, the Second French Colonial Empire extended to over 13,500,000 square kilometres (5,200,000 sq mi) at its peak in 1936. It was also the second largest in the world at the time, at 10% of the world's land area, behind the British Empire. The total land area of both French colonial empire combined reached 24,000,000 square kilometres (9,300,000 sq mi).

France began to establish colonies in North America, the Caribbean and India in the 17th century but lost most of them after it lost the Seven Years' War. The North American colonies were lost to Britain and Spain. Spain returned Louisiana, which had been part of New France, in 1800. However, France sold it to the United States in 1803.

France rebuilt a new empire mostly after 1850, mostly in Africa but also in Indochina and in the South Pacific. It started to trade with the regions by supplying raw materials and purchasing manufactured items. Rebuilding an empire improved the reputation of France as an international power by spreading its French language and the Catholic religion. It also provided more men to fight for France in the world wars.

A major goal was the "Civilizing Mission" (French: *Mission civilisatrice*). "Civilizing" the populations of Africa by spreading language and religion was stated as to explain why the French colonial project should be supported. France sent small numbers of settlers to its empire, with the notable exception of Algeria, where the French settlers took power but always remained a minority.

## References
Wet Tropics of Queensland

The **Wet Tropics of Queensland** is a UNESCO World Heritage Site which has *the oldest continuously surviving tropical rainforests on Earth*. The forests date from the Mesozoic era when the climate of Australia (and the world) was much more tropical than today. Originally, the rain forest area covered a much wider area than today. Today it is just a narrow strip along the east coast of Queensland. It starts just north of Townsville and continues to just south of Cooktown, a distance of about . 

The wet tropics cover an area of  in 730 separate blocks of land. It includes 41 national parks covering. About 80% of the site is tropical rainforest. It is interesting because it is very old forest, and is a living record of 415 million years of evolution, going back to Pangea and Gondwana. All of Australia's marsupials, and many of its other animals, evolved in tropical rainforests, and many of their closest surviving ancestors still live in the Wet Tropics of Queensland.

## Related pages 
*List of World Heritage Sites in Australia
*Daintree Rainforest

## References 
## Other websites
*
The Last Temptation of Christ

***The Last Temptation of Christ*** is a 1988 American drama movie. It is based on the 1953 novel of the same name. Martin Scorsese directed the movie. It stars Willem Dafoe as Jesus, Harvey Keitel as Judas and Barbara Hershey as Mary Magdalene. This movie was highly controversial because it depicted Jesus as a complicated person: certain countries went as far as banning it. Furthermore, certain video stores, such as Blockbuster, would not carry the movie or make it available for rental due to the controversy. This movie was released on August 12, 1988.

## Other websites 
*
Flag of Andorra

The **national flag of the Andorra** was adopted in 1866.  The flag is a vertical tricolour of blue, yellow, and red. The Coat of arms of Andorra is in the centre. The three vertical bars look of equal width but the centre yellow bar is slightly wider than the other two.  The ratio of bar widths is 8:9:8. 

The look of the flag is from the flags of France and Spain.

The motto in the coat of arms in the middle stripe *Virtus Unita Fortior* means "Strength United is Stronger".
Shrines and Temples of Nikkō

is the UNESCO World Heritage Site in Nikkō in Tochigi Prefecture, Japan. 

The site covers 103 buildings or structures and the natural area around them.  Two Shinto shrines  and one Buddhist temple are included in the site. 

## History
The area of Nikko has been a Shinto forest since pre-historic times.  It has had Buddhist temples since the 9th century.  Thousands of Japanese cedars were planted in the early 17th century

The shrines and temples of Nikkō are closely related to the history of the Tokugawa Shoguns.

## Gallery
Many gates and buildings at Nikkō have very detailed carvings. The use of color is based on records dating back to 1753.  The very precise descriptions of the architectural structures
and the decorative works are used by experts who want to  history at Nikkō.

Image:NikkoShinkyo5593.jpg|Arched Bridge
Image:Nikko_Toshogu_Outer_Torii_M3032.jpg|Tōshō-gū Outer Torii
Image:20100727 Nikko Tosho-gu Three wise monkeys 5965.jpg|Three Monkeys Carving
Image:Nikko_Toshogu_Shimojinko_M8479.jpg|Tōshō-gū Shimojinko
Image:Nikko1.jpg|Tōshō-gū Kyozo
Image:Nikko Toshogu Yomeimon M3249.jpg|View of Yomeimon
Image:YomeimonCarvings.jpg|Brightly painted carvings at Yomeimon
Image:NikkoKaramonCarvings5205.jpg|Close-up of carvings above Karamon Gate
Image:SleepingCatNikko.jpg|Sleeping Cat

## Related pages
* List of World Heritage Sites in Japan

## References
## Other websites
Mostaganem Province

**Mostaganem** is a province of Algeria. The capital is Mostaganem. 

## Divisions
The province has 10 districts and 32 *communes* or municipalities.

### Districts
# Achacha
# Aïn Nouïssy
# Aïn Tédelès
# Bouguirat
# Hassi Mamèche
# Kheïr Eddine
# Mesra
# **Mostaganem**
# Sidi Ali
# Sidi Lakhdar

## References
Central Atlas Tamazight

**Central Atlas Tamazight**, also known as **Central Morocco Tamazight**   is a Berber language.  It is of the Afro-Asiatic language family. It is spoken by 3 to 5&nbsp;million people in Central Morocco, and by smaller communities in France and elsewhere. It is an official language of Morocco.

Central Atlas Tamazight is one of the four most-spoken Berber languages.  The other ones are Kabyle, Shilha, and Riff.

## References
Andorran

**Andorran** may mean:
* Something of, or related to Andorra, such as a person from Andorra, or of Andorran descent
* Andorran cuisine
* A person from Andorra, Teruel, in Spain
Coat of arms of Andorra

The **coat of arms of Andorra** has been used for centuries. Below the shield arms is Andorra's national motto '** (Latin for **'). The coat of arms also appears on the Flag of Andorra.
Spaniards

**Spaniards** or **Spanish people**, are a Romance ethnic group native to Spain.  They are native speakers of the widespread Spanish language.

## References
El gran Carlemany

"**El Gran Carlemany**" (, meaning "The Grand Charlemagne") is the national anthem of Andorra. Enric Marfany Bons wrote the song, and Joan Benlloch i Vivó composed the music for the song. It started to be used in 1921.

## Lyrics
## References
Joan Enric Vives i Sicília

Archbishop **Joan Enric Vives i Sicília** (born 24 July 1949) was the Bishop of Urgell and Co-Prince of Andorra from 2003 until 2025.

Born in Barcelona, he became a priest in 1974. On 19 March 2010, he became an archbishop.

## References
Nemesi Marqués Oste

**Nemesi Marquès Oste** (born 17 May 1955) is known for his work on the institutional evolution of Andorra and for his books on the reform and the Constitution of the Principality of Andorra. Over the course of his career he has carried out institutional representative functions and has participated in forums and public presentations in which he explained key episodes of the constitutional transition. His publications—among them studies on the reform of institutions (1975–1981) and a work on the Constitution—place him as a reference in Andorran institutional analysis. Nemesi Marquès Oste served as Secretary to the Co-Prince during the period when Joan Martí Alanis was Bishop of Urgell and Co-Prince of Andorra. 

## References
Christian Frémont

**Christian Frémont** (23 April 1942 - 3 August 2014) was the chief of staff of Nicolas Sarkozy. He was the French Representative to Andorra from 24 September 2008 to 15 May 2012.

Frémont died in Paris, France from cancer, aged 72.

## References
Hammadid dynasty

The **Hammadids** were a Berber group.  It was in what is now north-eastern modern Algeria.  It existed from about 1008 to 1152.  They were destroyed by the Almohads.  

The capital was first Qalaat Beni Hammad.  It is now a UNESCO World Heritage Site.  In 1090 the capital was changed to Béjaïa.

## Rulers
*Hammad ibn Buluggin, 1014–1028
*al-Qaid ibn Hammad, 1028–1045
*Muhsin ibn Qaid, 1045–1046
*Buluggin ibn Muhammad ibn Hammad, 1046–1062
*an-Nasir ibn Alnas ibn Hammad, 1062–1088
*al-Mansur ibn Nasir, 1088–1104
*Badis ibn Mansur, 1104
*Abd al-Aziz ibn Mansur, 1104–1121
*Yahya ibn Abd al-Aziz, 1121–1152
Antoni Martí

**Antoni Martí Petit** (30 July 1963 He was the Prime Minister from 11 May 2011 to 16 May 2019. 

Martí died on 6 November 2023, at a hospital in Meritxell, Andorra from cardiac arrest at the age of 60.

## References
El Tarf Province

**El Taref** is a province of Algeria. El Kala is a port town in this province. El Taref is the capital city. There is also El Kala National Park.

## Administrative divisions
The province has 7 districts and 24 municipalities.

### Districts
# Ben M'Hidi
# Besbes
# Bouhadjar
# Boutheldja
# Dréan
# El Kala
# **El Taref**

## References
Important Cultural Properties of Japan

's Rinshunkaku in Yokohama is a nationally designated Important Cultural Property]]

 is a list of items made by the Japanese Agency for Cultural Affairs. These are places and things that are especially important to the Japanese people.

## Types of Cultural Properties
Japan's government made a Law for the Protection of Cultural Properties a  to protect its culture. It chooses important items and names them as Cultural Properties The law sets rules about changing, repairing, or exporting these items.

## Some Important Cultural Properties of Japan

File:Seigantoji05s1920.jpg|Seiganto-ji, Wakayama Prefecture
File:Kochi Castle04s3872.jpg|Kōchi Castle, Kōchi Prefecture
File:Tsujyunkyo.jpg|Tsūjun Bridge, Kumamoto Prefecture
File:Nikolai-do.jpg|Holy Resurrection Cathedral in Tokyo
File:Hokkaido Prefectural Office02s5s4272.jpg|The Former Hokkaidō government office building
File:TsurugaokaHachiman4226.jpg|Tsurugaoka Hachiman-gū in Kamakura, Kanagawa prefecture

## Notes
## References
Saltaire

**Saltaire** is a UNESCO World Heritage Site in the City of Bradford, West Yorkshire, England. The site is a complete and well-preserved industrial village of the second half of the 19th century. It has textile mills, public buildings and workers' housing.

In time, the new village grew to over 800 dwellings.

In 1933, the village was sold the Bradford Property Trust. The mill closed down in 1986.

In 2001, Saltaire was named a World Heritage Site.

## Gallery

File:Salts Mill 2.jpg|Saltaire village in the foreground with Salt's Mill in the background
File:Saltaire04.JPG|Salt's Mill and street map of Saltaire
File:Saltaire.jpg|Leeds and Liverpool Canal in Saltaire  Salts Mill at the left and New Mill on the right

## Related pages 
* List of World Heritage Sites in the United Kingdom

## References
## Other websites
* Saltaire Village website
Crown of Aragon

The **Crown of Aragon** was a joining of multiple titles and states in the hands of the King of the Crown of Aragon.  In the 14th and 15th the land of Aragon covered most of present-day France and Spain.  The political center was at Barcelona.

## References
Encamp

**Encamp** is one of the seven parishes of Andorra. It is in the east central part of the country. Encamp is also the name of the main town of the parish.

## Geography
The Encamp parish is in the east central part of the country and borders with the Canillo parish to the north, with the Pyrénées-Orientales department (France) to the east, with Spain to the southeast, with the Escaldes-Engordany parish to the south, with the La Massana parish to the west and the Ordino parish to the northwest.

The highest mountain in the parish is *Pic del Pessons* () with an elevation of  above sea level.

The main river in Encamp is the ''Valira d'Orient*.

## Population
The parish had a population, in 2015,  of 12,212 inhabitants,

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## Villages
The urban areas in the parish are:

## Economy
The main economic activity is tourism and the parish is a major tourism destination.

## Sites of interest
* **Sant Romà de Vila** church in Vila
* **Sant Romà de les Bons** church in Les Bons
* **Museu Nacional de l’Automòbil d’Andorra**, a automobile museum in Encamp
* *'Santa Eulàlia d'Encamp** church in Encamp
* **Grandvalira''' ski resort

## Gallery

File:Comú d'Encamp - Andorra.jpg|Encamp town hall
File:Pas de la case.jpg|El Pas de la Casa
File:Sant Romà de Vila, Encamp.jpg|Sant Romà de Vila church
File:Sant Romà de les Bons - Encamp - Andorra.jpg|Sant Romà de les Bons church

## References
Canillo

**Canillo** is one of the seven parishes of Andorra. It is in the northeast of the country. Canillo is also the name of the main town of the parish.

The town of Canillo is the religious centre of Andorra because here is the *Mare de Déu de Meritxell* ("Our Lady of Meritxell") Basilica. Our Lady of Meritxell is the patron saint of Andorra.

## Geography
The Canillo parish is in the northeastern part of the country and borders with the Ariège department to the north and east, with the Pyrénées-Orientales department (France) to the southeast, with the Encamp parish to the south and the Ordino parish to the west.

The highest mountain in the parish is ''Pic de l'Estanyó* () with an elevation of  above sea level; it is on the border with the Ordino parish.

The main river in Canillo is the *Valira d'Orient*, also known as *Valira d’Encamp*.

The largest lake of Andorra, *Estany de Juclà* ("Juclar lake"), is in the Canillo parish; it has an area of .

## Population
The parish had a population, in 2015,  of 4,124 inhabitants,

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## Villages
The urban areas in the parish are:

## Economy
The main economic activity is tourism and the parish is a major tourism destination during winter.

## Sites of interest
* **The new Our Lady of Meritxell Basilica** in Meritxell.
* **Sant Joan de Caselles** church. It is similar to the church in Mérens-les-Vals, Ariège, France.
* **Valley of the Incles river** with the *Estany de Juclà'' ("Juclar lake"), the largest lake of Andorra.
* **Soldeu-El Tarter** ski resort, part of the Grandvalira ski resort.

## Gallery

File:Santuari vell de Meritxell.jpg|The old Our Lady of Meritxell Basilica
File:Vall d'Incles II.jpg|The Incles river valley
File:Escoles de canillo.jpg|School in Canillo

## References
Sant Julià de Lòria

**Sant Julià de Lòria** is one of the parishes of Andorra.  It is the most southern parish of the country. Sant Julià de Lòria is also the name of the main town of the parish.  The University of Andorra is in the parish.

## Geography
The parish has an altitude of ; the town of Sant Julià de Lòria is at  high, the lowest settlement in Andorra. The Valira river (or *Gran Valira*), the biggest river in the country, flows through the parish.

Sant Julià de Lòria borders with the Andorra la Vella parish to the north, with the Escaldes-Engordany parish to the northeast and with Spain to the east, south and west.

The highest mountain in the parish is *Pic Negre Norte* () with an elevation of  above sea level; it is on the border with the Escaldes-Engordany parish.

## Population
The parish had a population, in 2015 of 9,379 inhabitants,

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## Villages
There are other villages and hamlets besides the main town of Sant Julià de Lòria in the parish:

## Sites of interest
* **Església de Sant Serni de Nagol**  is a church built in the 11th century.
* **Església de Sant Miquel de Fontaneda** is a church in Fontaneda, built in the 11-12th century.
* **Santuari de la Mar de Déu de Canòlic** ("Mother of God of Canòlic Sanctuary"); the Mother of God of Canòlic is the patron saint of the Sant Julià de Lòria parish.
* **La Rabassa**, a cross-country skiing station; here there is also a park, *Naturlandia*.
* **Museu del Tabac** ("Tobacco Museum"), an old tobacco factory that is now a museum.

## Gallery

File:Sant Miquel de Fontaneda4.jpg|Sant Miquel church, Fontaneda
File:Església de Sant Serni de Nagol - 1.jpg|Sant Serni church, Nagol
File:Museu del Tabac d'Andorra.JPG|Tobacco museum, Sant Julià de Lòria
File:Santuari Canolic.jpg|Santuari de la Mar de Déu de Canòlic

## References
Coma Pedrosa

**Coma Pedrosa** is the highest mountain in Andorra. It is popular with mountain climbers. The nearest town is Arinsal, La Massana.

## References
Ponte Buggianese

**Ponte Buggianese** is an Italian town in the province of Pistoia, Tuscany. About 8,876 people lived there as of 2011.

## References 
## Other websites
Willandra Lakes Region

The **Willandra Lakes Region** is a World Heritage Site that covers 2,400 square kilometres in south-western New South Wales, Australia. It includes important natural and cultural features. The lakes were formed about two million years ago, but are now dry. The Australian Aborigines camped around the lakes, especially in the sand dunes on the lake shores for at least 50,000 years.

The Willandra Lakes Region was added to the Australian National Heritage List in May 2007.

## Movies
*2003 - *Journey of Man*

## Related pages 
* List of World Heritage Sites in Australia

## References
## Other websites 
*World heritage listing for Willandra Lakes
Stella McCartney

**Stella Nina McCartney**,  (born 13 September 1971 ) is an English fashion designer. She is the daughter of former Beatles member Sir Paul McCartney and American photographer and animal rights activist Linda McCartney.

## Early life 
McCartney was born at King’s College Hospital in London, England, She is second child of American photographer Linda McCartney and former Beatle Paul McCartney. She is named after her maternal great-grandmothers both of Linda McCartney's grandmothers were named Stella.

## References
## Other websites
Chunseong

**Chunseong** (춘성 ; 春城, March 30, 1891 - August 22, 1977) was a philosopher, Buddhist monk, scholar, poet, and writer from South Korea.

## Related pages 
* Han Yong-un
* Mangong

## References 
* Doh Jin-Soon, "Great monk & Great learning" (큰 스님 큰 가르침) (Seoul: Moonwae, 2006) 
* Kim Kwang-sik, "Choonseong:Mooaedoin's Story" (춘성:무애도인 삶의 이야기) (Seoul: SaeSsak, 2009) 
* Samjoong, "The More story behind" (숨겨왔던 많은 이야기들) (Seoul: KukbooCarma, 2009)

## Other websites 
* Chunseong 
* Chunseong
* Chunseong
World Heritage Committee

The **World Heritage Committee** is the group which decides on the places to be listed as UNESCO World Heritage Sites. It makes sure that the agreements in World Heritage Convention are followed. It also decides how the money in the World Heritage Fund is spent. The committee has 21 members who are elected from the 188 countries that have agreed to the World Heritage Convention.

According to the World Heritage Convention, committee members are elected for six years, however many of the representatives choose to be on the committee for only four years. This gives more countries a chance to take part. At the 15th General Assembly (2005) all the committee members agreed to serve for only four years.

## Session
The World Heritage Committee meets many times a year to discuss the management of existing World Heritage Sites, and to look at possible new sites. A special meeting, known as the World Heritage Committee Session, takes place each year where sites are added (inscribed) to the World Heritage List.

The annual session takes place in cities all over the world. With the exception of meetings held in Paris, where the UNESCO headquarter office is located, only countries who are members of the World Heritage Committee have the right to hold a Session. The cities are decided by the Committee.

## References
## Other websites
* UNESCO World Heritage portal — Official website 
* The World Heritage List — Official searchable list of all Inscribed Properties
University of Valparaíso

**University of Valparaíso** () is a Chilean university. It is part of the Chilean Traditional Universities in Valparaíso.

## Other websites 
*Official website
Historic Monuments of Ancient Kyoto (Kyoto, Uji and Otsu Cities)

**Historic Monuments of Ancient Kyoto (Kyoto, Uji and Otsu Cities)** is the UNESCO World Heritage Site in Kyoto in Kyoto Prefecture, Japan. 

The site covers 17 locations in three cities  in Kyoto, in Uji (Kyoto Prefecture) and in Ōtsu (Shiga Prefecture). Three of these places are Shinto shrines and 13 are Buddhist temples. A castle is also included in the . 

## History
Kyoto was Japan's capital city from 794 until the late-19th century. Some of the city's historic structures show what life was like in the capital in those centuries.

The several properties include 38 buildings which have been identified by the Japanese Government as "National Treasures".  There are 160 properties which have been named as "Important Cultural Properties".  There are 8 gardens which have been recognized as "Special Places of Scenic Beauty".  There are 4 designated  as "Places of Scenic Beauty". 

In 1994, UNESCO listed parts of Kyoto as a World Heritage Site.
 
## Table 
## Related pages 
* List of World Heritage Sites in Japan

## References 
## Other websites 
* Kyoto City, "World Heritage Historic Monuments of Ancient Kyoto"
* Kyoto Prefecture, World's Cultural Heritage
List of countries by GDP (PPP)

GDP “PPP” by Country wikipedia 2023 Purchasing Power Parity 

All figures are in current international dollars (Int$).
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|  style="width:33%; text-align:center;"| **List by the IMF (2023 estimates)**
|  style="width:33%; text-align:center;"| **List by the World Bank (2022)**
|  style="width:33%; text-align:center;"| **List by the CIA (2019)**
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https://www.aljazeera.com/opinions/2023/5/24/how-russia-tried-to-colonise-africa-and-failed.:
## References
;Notes
Sloth (deadly sin)

. The "lazy peasants" sleep instead of work, representing the sin of sloth.]]
In Christianity, **Sloth** is about a person not wanting to work, because of their lack of motivation. The person will be physically inactive and neglect what God has said. Very often, this will lead to resources being wasted. As an example, sloth is about a person not helping those in need, even though they would be able to. Sloth is one of the seven capital sins, which are also called seven deadly sins.

For Protestants, Diligence (or hard work) is one of the ways to please God. Max Weber (1864-1920) treats this in his work The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism. In his work "Anthropologie in pragmatischer Hinsicht", Immanuel Kant stated that of the capital sins sloth, cowardice and falsehood, the first one is the most despicable. However, he also sees this as a measure of self-protection of the individual, as long phases of hard work will lead a person to become tired, and to make short pauses between intervals of work. Without these pauses, the restless malice that is in the world would do a far greater amount of damage. In 1846, Louis Blanc wrote about the right to work. There was a financial crisis at the time, and many people were unemployed. The crisis led to the French Revolution of 1848.
In 1880, the Socialist Paul Lafargue  published an essay called *The Right to be Lazy*, where he explains that the worker should have a right to be lazy.

## Related pages
* Acedia
* Apathy
* Irreligion
* Melancholy 
* Torpor
* Procrastination
* Seven deadly sins
*:Lust
*:Gluttony
*:**Sloth**
*:Wrath
*:Envy
*:Pride

## References
Universitat d'Andorra

The **University of Andorra** () is a public school of higher education.  It was formed in 1997. It is the only university in Andorra. The university has a school of nursing, a school of management and computer science, and a center for online studies.

## References
Telephone numbers in Andorra

**Telephone numbers in Andorra** are six digits, with fixed line numbers beginning with the digits **8** and **7** and mobile telephone numbers with the digits **3**, **4** and **6**.

Until 17 December 1994, Andorra was part of the French numbering plan, with the prefix **0628**. Since 1994, Andorra has its own country code +376. 

***Country Code: +376**
***International Call Prefix: 00**
***Trunk Prefix: none**
Historic Monuments of Ancient Nara

**Historic Monuments of Ancient Nara** is the UNESCO World Heritage Site in Nara in Nara Prefecture, Japan. 

The site covers eight places in the old capital city of Nara. Five are Buddhist temples, one is a Shinto shrine, one is a Palace and one a primeval forest. 

## History
Nara was the capital of Japan from 710 to 784.  The city's historic structures show what life was like in the Japanese capital in the 8th century.

The several properties include 26 buildings which have been named by the Japanese Government as "National Treasures". Also, there are 53 buildings which have been named as "Important Cultural Properties". 

In 1998, UNESCO listed parts of Nara as a World Heritage Site.

### Table 
## Related pages 
*List of World Heritage Sites in Japan

## References
## Other websites
Chinese Crested Dog

The **Chinese crested dog** is a hairless dog breed. The breed probably did not actually come from China. It is the most common hairless dog breed. However, some of them do have fur. Other hairless dog breeds are the American Hairless Terrier, Mexican Hairless Dog, Peruvian Hairless Dog, and Hairless Khala. Hairless Chinese cresteds often win the World's Ugliest Dog Contest, which takes place every year in Petaluma, California.

The Chinese crested is a friendly, intelligent animal.

## References
Vredefort crater

**Vredefort crater** is the largest *verified* impact crater on Earth. That means we know for certain it was caused by an asteroid or meteorite strike.  The crater is in the Free State Province of South Africa.  

In 2005, the Vredefort Dome was added to the list of UNESCO World Heritage Sites as a natural site of geologic interest.

## Formation and structure
The asteroid that hit Vredefort was one of the largest ever to strike Earth since the Hadean eon. The Vredefort hit was some two billion years ago. The bolide is thought to have been about 5–10 km (3–6 miles) in diameter. 

The crater has a diameter of roughly , Telltale shatter cones were discovered in the bed of the nearby Vaal River. 

The Vredefort crater site is one of the few multi-ringed impact craters on Earth, although they are more common elsewhere in the Solar System. Perhaps the best-known example is Valhalla crater on Jupiter's moon Callisto, although Earth's Moon has a number as well. Geological processes, such as erosion and plate tectonics, have removed most multi-ring craters on Earth.

The nearby Bushveld Igneous Complex (BIC) and Witwatersrand Basin were created during this same period, leading to speculation that the bolide was big and fast enough to cause local volcanism. The BIC is where most of the world's known reserves of platinum group metals (PGMs) are found, while the Witwatersrand basin holds most of the known reserves of gold.

The Vredefort dome in the center of the crater is home to three towns: Parys, Vredefort and Koppies.

## References
Varicose veins

**Varicose veins** are a condition in which the veins in the leg area have become bigger. The condition not only looks bad, it also creates itching and painful problems.

Varicose veins are very common, affecting about 30% of people at some time in their lives. They become more common with age.

## References
Emblem of Angola

The **Emblem of Angola** is the national emblem. It shows the recent past of the new nation.  There are Marxist pictures.

In the center is a machete and hoe.  These show the revolution through which the nation gained independence, and the importance of agricultural workers.  Above both emblems is a red star.  The red star is often in many socialist images.  The rising sun is the normal symbol of a new beginning.  The half cog-wheel is for the industrial workers.  The half vine of coffee and cotton leaves is for the coffee and cotton industry.

At the bottom is an open book that is for education. A banner reads "Republic of Angola" at the bottom, in Portuguese.

## Historical coats of arms

File:Coat of arms of Portuguese West Africa (1935-1951).svg|Coat of arms of Portuguese West Africa between May 8, 1935 - June 11, 1951.
File:Coat of arms of Portuguese West Africa (1951-1975).svg|Coat of arms of Portuguese West Africa from June 11, 1951 to November 11, 1975.
File:Lesser coat of arms of Portuguese West Africa.svg|Lesser coat of arms between May 8, 1935 - November 11, 1975.
List of countries by GDP (nominal)

Countries by Nominal GDP 2023* Estimates gdp

|-
| style="width:33%; text-align:center" | **Per the International Monetary Fund   (2023 estimates)**
| style="width:33%; text-align:center;" | **Per the World Bank (2019)**
| style="width:33%; text-align:center;" | **Per the United Nations (2018*)**
|- valign="top"
|

|

|

## Related pages 
* List of countries by GDP (PPP)

Per capita:
* List of countries by GDP (nominal) per capita
* List of countries by GDP (PPP) per capita

Past and projected:
* List of countries by past and projected GDP (nominal)

## References
List of countries by GDP (PPP) per capita

This is a **list of countries of the world sorted by their gross domestic product (GDP) per capita**. GDP per capita is a measurement used to determine economic growth and potential increases in productivity and is calculated by taking the GDP and dividing it by the total population in the country. It is used to describe the standard of living of a population, with a higher gross domestic product per capita country ranking a higher standard of living is possible for its population. Although GDP per capita is an important and widely used indicator of countries’ level of economic welfare, "consumption per capita" may be more useful for comparing the relative welfare of consumers across various countries. GDP is the worth of all goods and services made in a country in a year. PPP is for purchasing power parity and it means how much money would be needed to buy the same item in two different countries. Per capita consumption is the yearly use of goods and services by each person. Per capita means per person.

|

|

|}

## References
Chokwe language

**Chokwe** is the Bantu language spoken by the Chokwe people.  It is used in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Angola and Zambia. It is a national language of Angola.
Angola Avante

"**Angola Avante!**" (; "Forward Angola!") is the national anthem of Angola.  Manuel Rui Alves Monteiro wrote the words. Rui Alberto Vieira Dias Mingas wrote the music.

It was started in 1975 after independence from Portugal.

## Lyrics
### Portuguese original
### Kikongo lyrics
### English translation
## References
Umbundu

**South Mbundu**, or ***Umbundu*** is a language used by the Southern Mbundu people.  They live in the central highlands of Angola. Umbundu is the most widespread Bantu language in Angola. About one third of Angola is the Ovimbundu people.

## References
*Schadeberg, Thilo C. (1982) 'Nasalization in Umbundu', *Journal of African Languages and Linguistics*, 4, 2, 109-132.
*Gladwyn M. Childs 'Umbundu Kinship and Character: Being a Description of Social Structure and Individual Development of the Ovimbundu', London: Oxford University Press, 1949.  .
Kimbundu

**North Mbundu**, or ***Kimbundu***, is one of two Bantu languages called **Mbundu** (see Umbundu).  It is one of the most widely spoken Bantu languages in Angola.  It is mostly in the north-west of the country, notably in the Luanda Province, the Bengo Province, the Malanje Province and the Cuanza Norte Province. It is spoken by the Ambundu.

## References
Bengo Province

**Bengo** is a province of Angola. Its capital is Caxito. There are about 450,000 people.

The province is bordered by the provinces of Zaire to the North, Uige to the Northeast, Cuanza Norte to the East, and Cuanza Sul to the South. The Kissama National Park and the Kibinda Forest Reserve are here.

## References
Bié Province

**Bié** is a province of Angola. It is on the Bié Plateau in central part of country. The capital is Kuito. There are about 800,000 people. 

The climate of Bié is fresh.  The large amount of rainfall makes possible the culture of corn, sugar cane, rice, coffee and peanuts. The ground is one of the most fertile of Angola.

The Cuanza River flows through the province.

## Civil War
Bié was greatly affected by the Civil War. Agriculture stopped in several areas.  Some of the rural population fled to the cities. The province capital Kuito was partly destroyed by bombing.
Elisha Cuthbert

**Elisha Ann Cuthbert Phaneuf** (born 30 November 1982) is a Canadian actress. She was born in Calgary, Alberta. She grew up in Greenfield Park, Quebec.

Cuthbert played Kim Bauer in *24*. She starred as the title character in *The Girl Next Door*. She played one of the main characters in the sitcom *Happy Endings*. She was on the 2013 TV series *24/7*.  Cuthbert played Lizzy on the 2015 TV sitcom *One Big Happy*.

## Other websites 
*
The Italian Job

***The Italian Job*** is a 1969 British comedy-drama crime movie. It is about a gang of British criminals who rob an armoured van of its gold cargo in Turin, Italy. It stars Michael Caine, Noel Coward and Benny Hill. It was written by Troy Kennedy Martin and directed by Peter Collinson. A remake was made in 2003. 

## Other websites 
*
Kwanyama

**Kwanyama** or ***Oshikwanyama*** is a national language of Angola and Namibia. It is a dialect of the Ovambo language.

## References
## Sources 
*
*
*
Cunene Province

**Cunene** is a province of Angola. There are about 200,000 to 300,000 people.  Ondjiva is the capital. It is the only city in this province. Cunene is north of the Cunene River.