open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Japanese calligraphy

is common art in Japan.

## History
Japanese Calligraphy started with introduction of Kanji from China.

After Buddhism was introduced into Japan, Calligraphy spread rapidly.

Emperors such as Shotokutaishi (*聖徳太子*) and Shoumu (*聖武天皇*) wanted people to copy sutras by hand. Also, Japanese envoys to Tang Dynasty China took Chinese culture back to Japan. This affected the way of Japanese Calligraphy.

 

## References
## Other websites
Fukuoka SoftBank Hawks

is a Japanese baseball team in Fukuoka, Fukuoka Prefecture.   The Hawks play in Japan's . 

## History
The history of the Hawks dates to the 1930s.  The team has had several names, including
* Nankai Hawks (~1947)
* Fukuoka Daiei Hawks (1988~2004) 
* Fukuoka SoftBank Hawks (2005~)

SoftBank Hawks won the first prize in the Japan championship in 2011. The owner of the Hawks is SoftBank, an IT company. The Hawks are very popular in Fukuoka. The mascot character is Harry Hawk.

## Home stadium
The Fukuoka Yahoo! Japan Dome in Fukuoka is their home stadium. This stadium is in the central ward of Fukuoka city,  near Tojinmachi subway station.

## Notable players
### Current Manager
### Current players
*
*
*  
* 
*
*
*
*

## Related pages
* Sports in Japan

## References
## Other websites
* Fukuoka Softbank Hawks website
* (@Hawks official)on Twitter
Auf Wiedersehen, Pet

***Auf Wiedersehen, Pet*** is a British drama television program about English migrant builders. The show was created by Franc Roddam and mostly written by Dick Clement and Ian La Frenais. It was shown on ITV from 1983-1986 and on BBC One from 2002-2004. It stars Christopher Fairbank, Christopher Holton, Tim Healy, Gary Holton, Jimmy Nail, Pat Roach, Timothy Spall and Kevin Whately.

In the first series, the men work on a building site in Düsseldorf, Germany.

## Other websites 
*
*The Auf Wiedersehen, Pet homepage
Kameoka, Kyoto

is a Japanese city in Kyoto Prefecture. It is in western Kyoto in a wide, flat valley.

## History
Kameoka city was built around a castle. It is in a rural area. 

## Development
The population of Kameoka city is about 90,000 people. 

Special products found in Kameoka include Botan nabe and Matsutake.

## Sister cities 
*Knittelfeld, Austria - April 14, 1964
*Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA - November 3, 1985
*Jandira, Brazil - November 3, 1980
*Suzhou, China - December 31, 1996

## Festivals
The Kameoka festival is held in the city from October 23rd to 25th every year. It is called the Gion Festival in Tamba, or Fall festival in Kameoka.

## References
## Other websites
Soft tennis

**Soft tennis** is major sport in Japan. It is usually played by two players with rackets. It is similar to normal tennis, but the ball is soft.
Young and old of both sexes can enjoy playing soft tennis because the racket and ball are light.

## History
Tennis came to Japan from England in about 1880's.

## Equipment
*Racket
*Ball
In Japan, people were not able to make good hard ball those days. Imported balls were expensive. Therefore Japanese people used a rubber ball.

## References
Botan nabe

is a Japanese dish made with meat from wild boars. The name comes from the appearance of the meat as it is arranged before cooking. It looks like the flower "Botan (牡丹)" (English: peony). Another name for this food is Inoshishi-nabe (猪鍋). 

## Ingredients
It has a lot of ingredients: boar meat, vegetables, root vegetables, mushrooms, konyaku, fu, and tofu.

## References
## Other websites
* Tohoku University, Botan-nabe (wild boar stew) party
Tumors of the hematopoietic and lymphoid tissues

**Blood cancer** is a type of cancer or tumor. Blood cancer hurts the blood, bone marrow, lymph, and lymphatic system. Sometimes more than one body part is hurt.

The cause is usually different from other types of cancer. The way to find out if a person has this cancer is also different. 

People with blood cancers see a kind of doctor called a hematologist (blood doctor) or oncologist (cancer doctor). There are other blood problems that are not blood cancers.  A blood doctor also helps people with those problems.

## Medical terms 
Tumors of the hematopoietic (blood cell forming) and lymphoid tissues are local growths. Hematopoietic and lymphoid *malignancies* are cancers that affect the blood, bone marrow, lymph, and lymphatic system. As the blood and lymph connect through both the circulatory system and the immune system, a disease affecting one will often affect the others as well.

### Types 
There are three types: 
* Leukemia
* Lymphoma
* Multiple myeloma

## Finding out
A doctor will do some tests to find out if a person has a blood cancer.  One common test is a complete blood count.  The cells that circulate in the bloodstream are generally divided into three types: white blood cells (leukocytes), red blood cells (erythrocytes), and platelets (thrombocytes).  The relative proportions is what picks up indications of a problem.

Sometimes the doctor will take a very small piece of the body out, to look at it.  This is called a *biopsy*.  Bone marrow is where new blood is made in the body. A bone marrow biopsy looks at the blood-making parts to see if they have cancer.

## Treatment 
People with blood cancer often take drugs called chemotherapy or immunotherapy.  If the blood cancer is in one place, they may have radiotherapy.  A bone marrow transplant is a difficult way to kill blood cancers.

## How many people get it
Thousands of people get blood cancers.  Each year, 30,000 people in the United Kingdom (UK) learn that they have blood cancer.

Lymphomas are more common than leukemias.

## References 
## Other websites
* Leukemia & Lymphoma Society website
The Last Emperor

]]
***The Last Emperor*** is a biographical historical movie filmed and released in 1987.

## Plot
The movie follows the life of Puyi, who was the last emperor of the Qing Dynasty and later the emperor of the Japanese puppet state of Manchukuo.

## Cast
## Production
This movie was a collaboration by Italy, China, and the United Kingdom. It was entirely filmed in China, most notably in the Forbidden City in Beijing, as well as in Dalian and in Changchun.

## Awards
*The Last Emperor* received Golden Globe Awards.

The movie won nine Academy Awards, including Best Picture.

## References
## Other websites
* 
* 
* 
* 
*
Monster

or Bigfoot.]]
A **monster** is a type of creature in fiction. They are usually found in legends or horror stories. They are often ugly and may make people and other creatures scared. They also eat people sometimes. A monster could really be any creature, like a dinosaur, a ghost, a gnome, a vampire, a demon, a frog, a werewolf, a dragon, a monster, a mole, a flower, a tapir, a hippo, or a dhampir. Figuratively, a *monster* is a very evil person. Sometimes these creatures are not bad or monsters as you would say because some protect other people and/or are inoffensive.
Denmark Strait

The **Denmark Strait** or **Greenland Strait** is an oceanic strait between Greenland (to its northwest) and Iceland (to its southeast). The Norwegian island of Jan Mayen is northeast of the strait.

It connects the Greenland Sea, an extension of the Arctic Ocean, to the Irminger Sea, a part of the Atlantic Ocean.  It is  long and  miles wide at its narrowest.

During World War II, the Battle of the Denmark Strait took place on 24 May 1941. 

It is the widest strait of the world found in the American continent.
Hudson Strait

off the Upper Savage Islands, Hudson Strait; by Robert Hood (1819)]]
**Hudson Strait** links the Atlantic Ocean to Hudson Bay in Canada. It is between Baffin Island and the northern coast of Quebec.  Its eastern entrance is Cape Chidley and Resolution Island. It is  long. Its width varies from  at its largest point, to a minimum of .

The strait was discovered by explorer Henry Hudson in the year 1609. It was long thought to be the fabled Northwest Passage.

## References
Variable antshrike

The **variable antshrike** (*Thamnophilus caerulescens*) is a species of bird in the Thamnophilidae family found most in South America. It is (as its name) arguably the species of antbird with the most variable plumage. This leads to claims that it includes more than one species, but evidence suggests that this is incorrect.

The Variable Antshrike is about  long.

## Distribution and habitat
The Variable Antshrike is found mostly in eastern and southern Brazil. It is also seen in Pernambuco and Alagoas. From southern Brazil, its range spreads through Uruguay, Paraguay, northern Argentina, Bolivia, and along the eastern slope of the Andes in Peru, as far north as the Amazonas Region.

## References
White-backed vulture

The **White-backed Vulture** is a bird of the family Accipitridae which also includes eagles and hawks. They live in the African grasslands. They eat the leftovers of big cats. After their meal, they clean their feathers well so that they are always in good flying condition.

## References
Checker-throated stipplethroat

The **checker-throated antwren** (*Epinecrophylla fulviventris*), also known as the **fulvous-bellied antwren** or **checker-throated stipplethroat**, is a small passerine bird in the antbird family. As its name, the males have throats with a black and white "checkered" pattern. The Checker-throated Antwren is the only member of the genus that lives in the west of the Andes. The species is found from Honduras south to northern Colombia and to western Ecuador.

## References
Horned lizard

The **horned lizards** (*Phrynosoma*) are a genus of lizard wlives in dry areas and deserts of North America. The female horned lizard lays her eggs in a hole in the ground.

## Diet 
The horned lizard eats mostly ants or other crawling insects.

## Description 
The horned lizard has strong armor to protect it from prey. It has pointed scales, as well as horns behind its head. One of the most famous abilities of horned lizards are shooting blood from their eyes as far as 5 ft (1.5 m).

## References
Black-hooded antshrike

The **black-hooded antshrike** (*Thamnophilus bridgesi*) is a species of bird in the Thamnophilidae family.
It is found in Costa Rica and Panama. As its name, males are mostly black, with three rows of well-marked white spots on the wings. However, females are usually brown, and only its tail is black. 

## References 
* BirdLife International 2004.  Thamnophilus bridgesi.   2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.   Downloaded on 27 July 2007.
3D (album)

***3D*** is the final studio album by American girl group TLC. It was released on November 12, 2002 by Arista Records. This was six months after Lisa "Left Eye" Lopes died. The album debuted at number six on the *Billboard* 200 chart. 143,000 copies of *3D* were sold in the first week of release. It was then certified Platinum by the RIAA for shipping 1,000,000 copies in the United States. The album was given two Grammy Awards nominations.

## Track listing
## Release history
## Charts
## References
Shōten

**Shōten** is a comedy Japanese television series. It is broadcast on Sunday afternoons in Nippon television Network corporation. The show started in 1966.

There are eight members of this TV program: Utamaru, Koyuuza, Kouraku, Kikuō, Rakutarou, Shōta, Taihei and Takao Yamada. They are very　famous comic storytellers except Yamada. Yamada carries Japanese cushion for other broadcaster. Yamada says "I carry not only cushion but also happiness."

## References 
## Other websites 
* Shōten 
*
Alejandro Fernández

**Alejandro Fernández** () (born April 24, 1971) is a Latin American singer. He was nicknamed "El Potrillo" (The Colt) by the media and fans. He has sold over 30 million albums worldwide. Alejandro is the son of ranchera singer Vicente Fernández. Alejandro sings Mexican folk music. These include mariachi and ranchera music.

Alejandro Fernández has performed with artists such as Plácido Domingo, Marc Anthony, José Carreras, Chayanne, Amaia Montero, Joan Sebastian, Gloria Estefan, Malú, Julio Iglesias, Patricia Kaas, Miguel Bosé, Mario Frangoulis, Ednita Nazario, Yuri, Franco De Vita, Diego El Cigala, Nelly Furtado and Beyoncé Knowles.

## Discography
### Studio albums
* 1992: * Alejandro Fernandez*
* 1993: * Piel De Niña*
* 1994: *Grandes Exitos A La Manera De Alejandro Fernandez*
* 1995: * Que Seas Muy Feliz*
* 1996: * Muy Dentro de Mi Corazon*
* 1997: * Me Estoy Enamorando*
* 1999: * Mi Verdad*
* 2000: * Entre tus brazos*
* 2001: * Orígenes*
* 2003: * Niña Amada Mía *
* 2004: * Zapata: El sueño del héroe*
* 2004: * A Corazón Abierto*
* 2007: * Viento A Favor*
* 2009: * Dos mundos: Evolución / Dos mundos: Tradición*

### Live albums
* 1999: * Christmas in Vienna VI*
* 2002: * Un Canto De México*
* 2003: * En Vivo: Juntos Por Ultima Vez*
* 2005: * México – Madrid: En Directo Y Sin Escalas*
* 2010: * Dos Mundos: Revolución*

## References 
## Other websites 
* Official website
* Alejandro Fernández at Univisión
* Foro Alejandro Fernández at Univisión
Kara Strait

The **Kara Strait** or **Kara Gates** is a 56&nbsp;km (35&nbsp;mi) wide channel of water between the southern end of Novaya Zemlya and the northern tip of Vaygach Island. This strait connects the Kara Sea and the Barents Sea in northern Russia. 

The Kara Strait was an important waterway in the early exploration of the Northern Sea Route.
Genchū

**Genchū** (元中) was a Japanese era name (年号, *nengō*, lit. year name) of the Southern Court during the Nanboku-chō period after *Kōwa*.  This was the last Southern Court era.  This period started in April 1384 and ended in October 1392.  During this time, the monarch in Yoshino until 1392 was ..  Until 1392, the pretender in Kyoto was   After 1392, Go-Komatsu was the 100th emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession.  

## Events of the Genchū Era
* **1391** (*Genchū 8*): Yamana Ujikyo attacked Kyoto.
* **1392** (*Genchū 9*), also known as *Meitoku 3*: Northern and Southern courts were reunited under Go-Komatsu.

## Northern Court  *nengō*
* Shitoku, 1384-1387
* Kakei, 1387-1389
* Kōō, 1389-1390
* Meitoku, 1390-1394

## Related pages
* Muromachi period

## References
## Other websites
* National Diet Library, "The Japanese Calendar" -- historical overview plus illustrative images from library's collection
White-flanked antwren

The **white-flanked antwren** (*Myrmotherula axillaris*) is a passerine bird in the antbird family. It is the only antwren with white flank patches. Vieillot named the species in 1817. Because it has a large range, it does not reach the status of vulnerable.

## References 
## Other websites 
*White-flanked Antwren videos on the Internet Bird Collection
*Stamps  (for Nicaragua) with RangeMap
*White-flanked Antwren photo gallery  VIREO
*White-flanked Antwren Photo ; Article
Picnic

in Tokyo]]

A **picnic** is an event to eat outdoors, have a break, enjoy the warm sunshine, and have fun in a free time. It is usually held in a park or other open places. People bring the food for picnics in lunch boxes or in picnic baskets. Food for picnics is prepared on location such as by grilling, or at home.  After the meal, people often play games and sports, for example, playing catch, badminton and Frisbee. As at other parties, some like to create their own original foods and games.A lakeside, park or other places with interesting view is perfect for a picnic. In picnic, we often get the freshness of the nature.

## History
In the 12th century, a picnic was described in the Persian poetry of *The Rubaiyat*:
:::"A book of verse beneath the bough,
:::A loaf of bread, a jug of wine, and thou 
:::Beside me singing in the Wilderness – 
:::Ah, wilderness were paradise enough!"
::::  Omar Khayyam

In 1800, the Picnic Society in London was organized by people who met from time to time to dine together.
## In art
* by Édouard Manet]]
A famous painting of a picnic is *Le déjeuner sur l'herbe* (*The Luncheon on the Grass''). It was painted in 1862 by the French artist Édouard Manet. 

## Related pages 
* Hanami
* Bento

## References
Romeo Santos

**Anthony "Romeo" Santos** (born July 21, 1981) is an American singer. Romeo was the lead singer of the bachata group Aventura. As part of Aventura, Romeo became an important figure for making Bachata music popular. His songs were on the top of the *Billboard* Hot Latin Tracks charts and the top of music charts in Europe. In 2002, the band's song "Obsesión" was at number one in Italy for 16 weeks. On May 9, 2011, Romeo released his lead single "You" from his first album. The song debuted at number one on the Hot Latin Tracks and Tropical Songs chart. The second single, "Promise" a duet with Usher, reached number one on both charts as well.

## Discography 
### Studio albums 
* 2011: *Formula, Vol. 1*
* 2012: *The King Stays King: Sold Out at Madison Square Garden*
* 2014: *Formula, Vol. 2*
* 2017: *Golden*
* 2019: *Utopía*

### Singles 
## References 
## Books 
* Rosen, Jody. "Crossover Dreams of a Bronx Bachatero". *New York Times*. Arts:Music. June 3, 2009
* Symkus, Ed. "Listen to the Tale of Aventura". *The Edge*. *The Boston Herald.com* December 1, 2009
Banda Los Recoditos

**Banda Los Recoditos** is a Mexican band. The members of the group formed the band in Mazatlán, Sinaloa, Mexico. 

## History 
In 1989, Banda Los Recoditos wad formed by a group of students. The band's name came from Banda el Recodo. This was because they were children of the band members from Banda el Recodo, a Mexican band formed by Cruz Lizárraga. Lizárraga invited the boys to perform at a birthday party for José Ángel Espinoza Ferrusquilla, a family friend. After they were done singing, everyone was amazed at their talents. This helped them realize their love for music.

They started out by singing in celebrations in Mazatlan and other neighborhoods close by. They began to become popular among the people in the city. The band recorded their first album *A Bailar de Cabllito*. This album helped the band to tour in the United States, where they were asked to play. After the released, Pancho Barraza, and Alfonso Lizárraga joined Banda el Recodo.

In 1998, the band renamed their name to "Banda Vuelta De Rio". Alfonso Lopez had wanted to change the name. They recorded three  albums. In 2001, they changed their band's name to "Banda Los RCS" (Banda Ritmo Con Sabor Sinaloense). However, in 2004, they changed their band name again to their original band name.

Carlos Perez, Luis Angel Franco, and Carlos Sarabia joined the band in 2004. They began recording Regional Mexican music. This was popularized by young Mexicans. In 2005, was given an award "Popular Breakthrough of the Year" at the Premios Oye!. This was for their third album *Si No Existieras*. In 2006, the band recorded an album with their parent's group Banda el Recodo called *Dos Generaciones*. In 2010, the band released *¡Ando Bien Pedo!* their first major album. It reached to number one on the *Billboard* Top Latin Albums chart. The single, which is the same name, reached number one on the Hot Latin Tracks chart as well. On September 19, 2010, Luis Angel Franco announced that the band is working on a new album. They released it in 2011 under the title *A Toda Madre*.

## Band members
*Source:

## Discography
**A bailar de Caballito* (1990)
**Lola la Bailera* (1990)
**Las rejas no matan* (1991)
**Tu abandono*(1992)
**Un Sólo Cielo* (1993)
**Adiós amor*(1994)
**Canto Para Tí* (1995)
**Siempre te voy a recordar* (1996)
**El Nylon* (1997)
**Y Todavia Hay Amor* (1998)
**Como La Primera Vez* (2001)
**Si No Existieras* (2004)
**Dos Enamorados* (2005)
**Vengo a Decirte* (2007)
*'*¡Ando Bien Pedo!* (2010)
*''A Toda Madre (2011)

## References
List of number-one Billboard Latin Albums from the 2010s

The Top Latin Albums chart is a weekly music chart. It is published by *Billboard* magazine. It lists the top 50 albums released (primarily) by Hispanics in the United States. 

## Number one albums
n singer-songwriter Shakira released her fifth number-one album *Sale el Sol* in 2010]]
 singer Prince Royce had his debut album 58 weeks in the chart before reaching number one]]
 performer Gloria Trevi debuted and reached at number one with her album *Gloria* in 2011]]
 reached number-one for the second time with his album *Canciones Que Duelen* in 2011]]
;Key
 &ndash; Best-selling Latin album of the year

## References
* For information about every week of this chart, follow this link; in the chart date section select a date and the top ten positions for the week selected will appear on screen, including the number-one album, which is shown in the table above.
Barefoot in the Park (movie)

***Barefoot in the Park*** is a 1967 American romance comedy movie. It was directed by Gene Saks, produced by Hal B. Wallis and written by Neil Simon. It is based on Simon's 1963 play Barefoot in the Park. It is set in Greenwich Village, Manhattan, New York City. It stars Robert Redford and Jane Fonda as newlywed couple Paul and Corie Bratter. Paul is a conservative attorney and Corie is free-spirited.

## Other websites 
*
Chayanne

**Elmer Figueroa Arce** (born June 28, 1968 ) is a Puerto Rican Latin pop singer. He is best known by his stage name **Chayanne**. He has released 21 studio albums. He has also sold over 30 million albums worldwide. Figueroa's nickname "Chayanne" was given to him by his mother. This was because he liked the 1960s television series *Cheyenne*. In the 1970s, Chayanne tried out for Menudo. The producers told him that he was too young to be in the group. Because of this, he joined another group called Los Chicos (the guys).  They recorded several hit singles. These include "Puerto Rico Son Los Chicos" and "Ave Maria", which would later be recorded by Beyoncé Knowles. After the group separated in 1984, Chayanne started his solo career.

Chayanne signed with RCA Ariola. He released his first album *Chayanne es mi Nombre* (1984). His second album with RCA, *Sangre Latina* was released in April 1986. On May 5, 1987, Chayanne switched to Sony Music Latin. His self-titled album was released in that same year. The album features "Peligro de Amor" and "Fiesta en América" which ranked on the *Billboard* Hot Latin Tracks charts. On November 1, 1988, Chayanne released another self-titled album. After its release, Pepsi wanted him to be their spokesperson. On August 7, 1990, his album *Tiempo de Vals* was given a Grammy Award nomination. Chayanne has also been in several TV programs since 1984.

## Movies 
*2010: *Tangled* .... Flynn Rider (Voice in Spanish )
*2008: *Gabriel* .... Gabriel Marquez (10 episodes, 2008)
*2008: *Premios Billboard de la música latina* (TV)
*2004: *La niñera*
*2001: *Provócame*  .... Pedro Balmaceda-Linares Duncan
*2001: *Ally McBeal* .... Sam Adams (2 episodes) "Hats Off to Larry"  "Mr. Bo"
*1998: *Dance with Me*  .... Rafael Infante
*1997: *Siempre piel canela*  (TV) .... Singer
*1996: *Al compas de un sentimiento*  .... Singer
*1994: *Linda Sara*  .... Young Alejandro
*1994: *Volver a Empezar*.... Chayanne (Himself)
*1986: *Pobre juventud*

## Discography 
*2014: *En Todo Estaré*
*2012: *A Solas Con Chayanne*
*2010: *No Hay Imposibles*
*2008: *De Piel a Piel
*2008: *Chayanne: Vivo* (live)
*2007: *Mi Tiempo*
*2005: *Cautivo*
*2005: *Desde Siempre*
*2003: *Sincero*
*2002: *Grandes Éxitos* 
*2001: *Simplemente*
*1998: *Atado a Tu Amor*
*1996: *Volver a Nacer*
*1994: *Influencias*
*1992: *Provócame*
*1990: *Tiempo de Vals*
*1988: *Chayanne II*
*1987: *Chayanne* 
*1986: *Sangre Latina*
*1984: *Chayanne es mi Nombre''

## References
## Other websites 
*
*
Marc Anthony

:*For the Roman politician, see Mark Antony.*

**Marco Antonio Muñiz** (born September 16, 1968), is an American singer-songwriter, actor, and producer. He is better known by his stage name **Marc Anthony**. Anthony is the top selling tropical salsa artist of all time. He has won two Grammy Awards and three Latin Grammy awards. He has also sold over 12 million copies worldwide. He is known for his Latin salsa songs and ballads.  

Anthony has won many awards. He won the 2009 Congressional Hispanic Caucus Institute (CHCI) Chair's Award. and its CHCI Chair's Lifetime Achievement Award.  Marc Anthony holds the record for having the most number one singles on the *Billboard* Tropical Songs chart. Marc Anthony is also one of the owners of the Miami Dolphins NFL team. 

Anthony worked with ex-wife Jennifer Lopez and director-choreographer Jamie King in late 2011 on a Latino talent series created by Simon Fuller, called ''Q'Viva! The Chosen''. It follows Lopez and Anthony as they travel across 21 countries to find new talent.

He is a philanthropist.  He has won awards for his charitable work. He raises funds for orphanages in Latin America and for brain cancer.

## Personal life
In 1994, Anthony's ex-girlfriend Debbie, a NYC police officer, gave birth to their daughter Ariana.

Marc married former Miss Universe Dayanara Torres on May 9, 2000. They have two sons. The marriage ended in October 2003.

Anthony married Nuyorican actress and singer Jennifer Lopez on June 5, 2004.   This was less than a week after his divorce. They had twins in 2008. Anthony filed for divorce on April 9, 2012.

On January 28, 2023, Anthony married Miss Universe Paraguay Nadia Ferreira.

He was raised Roman Catholic. Anthony is a Democrat and attended the 2012 Democratic National Convention in support of President Obama's re-election.

## Discography 
**When the Night is Over* (with Little Louie Vega) (1991)
**Otra Nota* (1993)
**Todo a Su Tiempo* (1995)
**Contra la Corriente* (1997)
**Marc Anthony* (1999)
**Libre* (2001)
**Mended* (2002)
**Amar Sin Mentiras* (2004)
**Valió la Pena* (2004)
**El Cantante* (2007)
**Iconos* (2010)
**3.0* (2013)
**Opus* (2019)
*''Pa'llá Voy'' (2022)

## Filmography
## References 
## Other websites 
*Official Website
*Marc Anthony at Billboard.com
*
Rana (genus)

***Rana*** is a genus of frogs. There are over 90 species of these frogs. These include the pond frogs such as the common frog which lives in Europe. The brown frog, leopard frog, and the American bullfrog are also included. Members of *Rana* can be found in Eurasia, North American, Africa, Central America, and the northern parts of South America.

Species of *Rana* are very large in length. They have slim waists and wrinkled skin. Most of *Rana* frogs do not have warts like many toads. *Rana* frogs are great jumpers because of their long slender legs. All of the *Rana* frogs, including most frogs, have webbed feet. This allows them to swim in water. *Rana* frogs are mostly green and have brown on the top. They have darker and yellowish spots on their bodies.

## Books
* Dubois, A. & Ohler, A. (1995) Frogs of the subgenus *Pelophylax* (Amphibia, Anura, genus *Rana*): a catalogue of available and valid scientific names, with comments on the name-bearing types, complete synonymies. proposed common names, and maps showing all type localities. *In:* : II International Symposium on Ecology and Genetics of European water frogs, 18-25 September 1994, Wroclaw, Poland. *Zoologica Poloniae* **39**(3-4): 139-204
* Frost, Darrel R. (2006): Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 4, 2006-AUG-17.
* Hillis, D. M. & Wilcox, T. P. (2005): Phylogeny of the New World true frogs (*Rana*). *Mol. Phylogenet. Evol.* **34**(2): 299–314.  PDF fulltext 
* Matsui, Masafumi (2007): Unmasking *Rana okinavana* Boettger, 1895 from the Ryukyus, Japan (Amphibia: Anura: Ranidae). *Zool. Sci.* **24**: 199–204.  (HTML abstract)
* Pauly, Greg B., Hillis, David M. & Cannatella, David C. (2009): Taxonomic freedom and the role of official lists of species names. *Herpetologica* **65**: 115-128.  PDF fulltext 
* Stuart, Bryan L. (2008): The phylogenetic problem of *Huia* (Amphibia: Ranidae). *Mol. Phylogenet. Evol.* **46**(1): 49-60.  (HTMl abstract)

## Other websites
*AmphibiaWeb
*Amphibian and Reptiles of Peninsular Malaysia
Global dimming

**Global dimming** is the slow decrease in the irradiance at the Earth's surface. Irradiance is the power of electromagnetic radiation per unit area. One of the possible causes of global dimming is pollution. It affects the water cycle by decreasing evaporation and by decreasing the rain in some areas. Global dimming also causes the earth to cool down. This cooling effect may cover the effect of greenhouse gases caused by global warming.

## Causes and effects
Air pollutants absorb solar energy and reflect sunlight back into space. The pollutants can also become the core for cloud droplets. Water droplets in clouds fuse around the pollutants. More pollutants create clouds with more number of smaller droplets. The smaller droplets make clouds to reflect more light. This causes more sunlight to be reflected back into space and less light reaches the Earth's surface.

Clouds stop the heat from both going in and out from the earth. This process is complex and it changes according to the time, location and the height above the sea level. During the day, more sunlight stops from going in. This cools down the Earth. During the night, the heat in earth stops from going out. This slows down the heat from going out the earth.

Volcanic ash can also stops the sunlight from going in and out from the earth. Decreases in the earth's temperatures are observed after large volcanic eruptions. Some examples are the eruptions of Mount Agung in Bali that erupted in 1963, El Chichon (Mexico, 1983), Ruiz (Colombia, 1985), and Mount Pinatubo (Philippines, 1991). Even for large eruptions, the ash clouds do not stay for a long time.

## Relationship to water cycle
Global dimming is harming the water cycle of the earth. It reduces the rain, which is very important for the fresh water. In 2001, researchers did a study at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography. The research suggested that the pollutants have a bad effect on the water cycle. Another global dimming event happened in 2006 in northern hemisphere during hurricane season. The NASA study found that the big dust storms happened in Sahara Desert during June and July cause the dust to go over the Atlantic Ocean. The dust forms a cover over the ocean and causes it to cool down. This reduces the hurricanes' development.
## References
San Cristóbal

**San Cristóbal** is the Spanish name of Saint Christopher. It is a common geographical name. It could refer to any of the following:

;Argentina
* San Cristóbal, Santa Fe
* San Cristóbal, Buenos Aires, a neighborhood or *barrio*
;Bolivia
* San Cristóbal - Lipez (Bolivia), a silver, zinc and lead mine
;Colombia
* San Cristóbal (Bogotá)
;Cuba
*San Cristóbal, Cuba, in the province of Pinar del Río
*Havana, founded as Villa de San Cristóbal de la Habana
;Dominican Republic
*San Cristóbal Province
*San Cristóbal, Dominican Republic
;Ecuador
*San Cristóbal Island, an island in the Galápagos
;Guatemala
*Ciudad San Cristóbal, an important town in the city of Mixco
*San Cristóbal Acasaguastlán
*San Cristóbal Cucho
*San Cristóbal Totonicapán
*San Cristóbal Verapaz
;Mexico
*San Cristóbal de las Casas, a city in Chiapas
*San Cristóbal Ecatepec, in the State of Mexico
*San Cristóbal Amatlán
*San Cristóbal Amoltepec
*San Cristóbal Lachirioag
*San Cristóbal Suchixtlahuaca
;Nicaragua
*San Cristóbal volcano
;Panama
*San Cristóbal, Panama, a fishing village on Cristóbal Island
;Paraguay
* San Cristóbal District, Paraguay 
;Peru
* San Cristóbal District, Luya, a district in the Amazonas Region of Peru
; Solomon Islands
* Makira, also known as San Cristóbal, an island in the Solomons.
;Spain
* San Cristóbal de La Laguna, a suburban area of Santa Cruz de Tenerife (province)
;Venezuela
* San Cristóbal, Táchira
Randy Foye

**Randy Foye** (born September 24, 1983) is an American basketball player. He played for the Oklahoma City Thunder and Los Angeles Clippers. Foye was selected with the seventh overal pick in the NBA Draft 2006. In 2007, Foye was selected for the NBA All-Rookie First Team.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Randy Foye at 82games.com
* Randy Foye at nba.com
The Tale of the Heike

, Itsukushima Shinto Shrine ]]

 is an epic account of the struggle between two rival clans at the end of the 12th century.  In the title of this work, the  is one of several ways to describe the  clan.

This conflict is also known in the Genpei War (1150-1185).

## Translations
This long story has been translated into English at least five times, including
* 1818-1821 by Arthur Lindsay Sadler 
* 1956 by Fuki Wooyenaka Uramatsu.
* 1975 by Hiroshi Kitagawa and Bruce Tsuchida
* 1988 by Helen McCullough
* 2012 by Royall Tyler

An abridged translation by Burton Watson was published in 2006.

## Related pages 
* Emperor Antoku
* Nihon Odai Ichiran

## References
## Other websites
* *Heike monogatari*  
* *The Tale of the Heike*
Mozambique Channel

The **Mozambique Channel** is a part of the Indian Ocean. Its between the Somali Sea to the north, the island nation of Madagascar in the east, and Mozambique in the west.  It was the place of the World War II Battle of Madagascar. The channel is about 460 km across at its narrowest point between Angoche, Mozambique, and Tambohorano, Madagascar. The channel reaches a depth of 3,292 m (10,800 feet) about 230 km off the coast of Mozambique. 

## Islands in the channel
### Comoros
*Grande Comore
*Mohéli
*Anjouan

### France
*Mayotte
*Banc du Geyser
*Glorioso Islands
*Juan de Nova Island
*Europa Island
*Bassas da India

### Mozambique
*Primeiras and Segundas Archipelago
## French presence in the Mozambique Channel 
France is present through Mayotte and the Scattered Islands, and maintains a military presence via Réunion, with naval assets patrolling fairly regularly. These islets provide exclusive economic zones (EEZs), rich in fisheries resources and potentially hydrocarbons. For France, the real challenge is to preserve its sovereignty over Mayotte, vis-à-vis the Comoros, and especially over the Scattered Islands, in the face of Malagasy threats. The Malagasy are legally contesting the French presence, believing that these islets were dependencies of Madagascar and that once independence was achieved, they should have reverted to Madagascar, not to France.

## Other websites
Palk Strait

, Adam's Bridge, Palk Bay, Palk Strait, Bay of Bengal]]
 separating Palk Strait from the Gulf of Mannar]]

 The strait is  wide. Several rivers flow into it, including the Vaigai River of Tamil Nadu. The strait is named after Robert Palk.  He was a governor of Madras Presidency (1755-1763) during the Company Raj period.

## Geography
On the southern end  of the strait is a chain of low islands and reef shoals.  These are called Adam's Bridge. This chain goes between Dhanushkodi on Pamban Island and Mannar Island in Sri Lanka. 

The shallow waters and reefs of the strait make it difficult for large ships to pass through.

## References
## Other websites
Long bridge
Strait of Otranto

The **Strait of Otranto** connects the Adriatic Sea with the Ionian Sea.  It separates Italy from Albania. Its width at Punta Palascìa, east of Salento is less than . The strait is named after the Italian city of Otranto.

During World War I, the strait was of strategic importance. The Allied navies of Italy, France, and Great Britain kept the Austro-Hungarian Navy from freely entering the Mediterranean Sea.

In 1997 and 2004, nearly 100 people lost their lives trying to illegally cross the strait.  This was following the 1997 unrest in Albania and poor economic conditions in the Tragedy of Otranto and the Karaburun tragedy.

In 2006, the Albanian government said that motor-powered sailing boats could not sail on all lakes, rivers, and seas of Albania.  This was to prevent organized crime. Government owned boats, foreign owned boats, fishing boats, and jet boats are still allowed. In 2010, the rule was extended for 3 more years, until 2013.

## References 
## Other websites
Sinergia

**Sinergia** is a experimental music band, formed in 1994 in Santiago, Chile. The band released five studio albums, one DVD, thirteen music videos, two extended plays and one demo. The Sinergia's music experiments alternative rock, avant garde metal, funk rock, funk metal, ska, alternative metal, progressive rock, electronic rock, nu metal, and also punk rock, rockabilly and folk rock in their music.

## Members 
; Current members
*Rodrigo Osorio - lead vocals (since 1994)
*Pedro López - guitar (since 1994)
*Pedro González - bass (since 2010)
*Bruno Godoy - drums (since 1999)
*Paul Eberhard - turntables, samples, percussion (since 1994)
*Jaime García - turntables, keyboards, synthesizers (since 2003)

; Former members
*Alexis González - bass (1994-2010)
*Luis Silva - drums (1994-2000)

## Discography 
; Studio albums
**Sinergia* (2001, La Oreja/Sello Azul)
**Procésalo todo* (2004, La Oreja)
**Delirio* (2007, La Oreja)
**El imperio de la estupidez* (2009, Oveja Negra)
**Aquí Nadie Debería Ser Pobre* (2012, Oveja Negra)

; EPs
**Apoyando la demencia* (Self-released Demo 1998)
**Canciones de cuando éramos colegiales* (2005, La Oreja)
**Vamos con todo* (2010, Oveja Negra)

; DVDs
**Imperdible* (2008, La Oreja)

## Awards 
*El Copihue de Oro (Mejor Banda)
*Festival de Viña del Mar 2008:
**Antorcha de Plata
**Antorcha de Oro
**Gaviota de Plata
*Premio Altazor 2008 (Mejor banda de Rock)
*Premio Altazor 2010 (Mejor banda de Rock)
*Premio Altazor 2012 (Mejor banda de Rock)
Peep Show (TV series)

***Peep Show*** is a British television sitcom starring David Mitchell and Robert Webb. It ran from 19 September 2003 to 16 December 2015. It was created by Andrew O'Connor, Jesse Armstrong and Sam Bain. It was written by Armstrong, Bain and Simon Blackwell. Mitchell won a BAFTA Award for his role.

Mitchell plays Mark Corrigan, Webb plays Jeremy Usborne. They are two young men who share a flat in Croydon, London. They are friends despite being very different to each other. Much of the show's humour is about the difference between the two central characters.

Mark is conservative, studious, intelligent, hard-working, frugal, socially awkward  and loves history. He is a loan manager for the first five series.

Jeremy is unemployed, irresponsible, dishonest, lazy, promiscuous bisexual and hedonistic. From series 1 - 7 he attempts to become a professional musician. In series 8 and 9 he is a life coach.

## Other websites 
*
Porsche Club Hohensyburg

The **Porsche Club Hohensyburg** is an organization of Porsche enthusiasts in Germany.

Is the first fan-club of cars Porsche. It was founded on May 26, 1952 in Westphalia.

## Notes
Chinoiserie

**Chinoiserie** refers to elements in European art that are influenced by Chinese arts.  Some of the most prominent examples of Chinoiserie can be found in royal palaces in Europe, such as the Drottningholm Palace in Sweden and Tsarskoye Selo in Russia.

## Other websites
*Chinoiserie from Getty Museum
*
Byron, Georgia

**Byron** is a city in Peach County, Georgia, United States. A small part of the city goes into Houston County. The population was 5,702 at the 2020 census. 

Byron is home to the Middle Georgia Raceway.  The racetrack was host to the Atlanta International Pop Festival in 1970.  The festival was the largest gathering in Georgia history until the 1996 Olympics in Atlanta.

Byron is 90 miles south of Atlanta, 16 miles south of Macon and 10 miles from the Peach County seat of Fort Valley.

## References
Wester Ross

]]

**Wester Ross** is part of the Scottish county of Ross and Cromarty. It is in the northwest highlands. It has some of the most spectacular  in Great Britain, and is a tourist attraction.

Wester Ross is geographically the western watershed of Ross-shire. Administrative and political boundaries have been changed a number of times.

The mountains are made of a very old Precambrian rock known as the Torridonian sandstone formation. It was laid down in the Mesoproterozoic and Neoproterozoic eras. It is just a small part of what was once a huge supercontinent. The remains of this are in parts of Scandinavia and North America. These rocks are of Archaean and Paleoproterozoic age, ranging from 3.0–1.7 billion years (Ga) ago.   

## Gallery 

Shieldaig from the Applecross road.jpg|Shieldaig, viewed from the road to Applecross
Sgurr fiona.jpg|Sgurr Fiona and the Corrag Bhuidhe pinnacles on An Teallach
Horns of Alligin.jpg|View east from Sgurr Mhòr over the "Horns"
Liathach from Beinn Eighe.jpg|Liathach seen from Beinn Eighe. The two Munro summits are in the background.

## References 
## Other websites 
*Tourism portal
New Revised Standard Version

The **New Revised Standard Version** (**NRSV**) is an English translation of the Holy Bible. It was released in 1989 in the United States. It is a revision of the Revised Standard Version. It is a formal translation and its editors tried to make it accurate. There are several editions of the NRSV. These include editions with the Apocrypha, Catholic editions, and Anglicized editions which use British spelling and grammar.

## References
Desertion

**Desertion** is a military word which means a soldier has left his position without . The soldier does not plan on returning. The term **absence without leave (AWOL)** can also be used, but is usually used where the soldier does intend to return. Usually a soldier who has been AWOL for more than 30 days is listed as a deserter. Deserting is treated as a serious offense; military law usually provides for the death penalty. The last United States soldier executed for desertion was Eddie Slovik in 1945. No U.S. soldier has been given more than 18&nbsp;months in prison for desertion during the Iraq War.

## References
## Other websites
* Missing movement  from About.com
* Memorial to German World War II deserters in Ulm, Germany at the *Sites of Memory* webpage
* Memorial to all deserters in Stuttgart, Germany at the *Sites of Memory* webpage
* AWOL Information
Henry Hill

**Henry John Hill Jr** (June 11, 1943 - June 12, 2012) He was born and raised in Brooklyn, New York City. Hill's children survive him.

## References
Zheng Zhihua

**Zheng Zhihua** (, born 14 November 1961 in Taipei) is a Taiwanese singer. His songs were very popular in both mainland China and Taiwan during 1990s. His most famous song are "Sailor" () and "Star Lighting" ().

## References
Torridonian

showing distribution of Torridonian sediments]]

The **Torridonian** is a sedimentary sandstone which sits on top of the earliest rocks in Scotland. The map shows the sandstone as orange: it is on the western edge of the mainland, and on part of Skye. Geographically, this is part of the district of Wester Ross.

The sandstone is the earliest sedimentary rock in this part of the world. Under it lies much older gneiss known as the Lewisian complex. All the rock under the sandstone is igneous and metamorphosed igneous rock. 

The sandstones are red beds laid down by rivers and lakes in a landscape of low rocky hills. A great thickness of red sandstone, brought in by rivers, buried the old hills. This took place in the Proterozoic, 1,200 to 544 million years ago (mya). There are older and younger sandstone groups, with a long period between them. The lower sandstone is a breccia, with broken fragments of earlier rocks.

As a result of later periods of rifting and mountain-building, some of the Torridian sandstone lies under the sea, and some of it is uplifted into mountains.

## References 
]]
Knife Party

**Knife Party** is an Australian electronic dance music duo. Their first EP was *100 % No Modern Talking*, which was released on December 12, 2011 through Beatport. Knife Party was founded by Rob Swire and Gareth McGrillen from the band Pendulum. On May 28, 2012, Knife Party's second EP, *Rage Valley* was released. Their single *Antidote* (Swedish House Mafia vs. Knife Party) was their most successful release so far. It debuted at Number 4 in the UK Singles chart.

## Discography 
### Studio albums 
**Abandon Ship* (2014)

### EPs 
**100% No Modern Talking* (2011)
**Rage Valley* (2012)
**Haunted House* (2013)

### Singles 
*"Antidote" (Swedish House Mafia vs. Knife Party) (2012)
*"Resistance" (2014)
*"Begin Again" (2014)
*"Boss Mode" (2014)

## References 
## Other websites 
*Official website
*
Azuchi, Shiga

is a Japanese town in Shiga Prefecture near Lake Biwa.

## History
The town is known for the ruins of Azuchi Castle.  The castle was built by Oda Nobunaga in the 16th century.  The castle was destroyed after Nobunaga's death by Akechi Mitsuhide in 1582; and only ruins remain. 

On March 21, 2010, Azuchi merged with the city of Ōmihachiman.

## Gallery

File:Azuchi Town Office.jpg|Town hall of Azuchi
Image:azuchi.jpg|Stone steps at the Azuchi Castle ruins

## Related pages
* Azuchi-Momoyama period

## References
## Other websites 
* Photoguide.jp Azuchi Castle
Alan Ball (screenwriter)

**Alan Erwin Ball** (born May 13, 1957) is an American writer, movie director and producer. He was born in Atlanta, Georgia and is openly gay.

Ball wrote *American Beauty*, for which he won an Academy Award and a Golden Globe Award. He created, wrote and produced *Six Feet Under* (for which he won an Emmy Award) and *True Blood*.

## References 
## Other websites 
*
Joey Harrington

**Joey Harrington** (born October 21, 1978) is an American retired football player. He played as a quarterback for the Atlanta Falcons in the NFL. Harrington also played for the Detroit Lions and the Miami Dolphins.

Harrington was born in Portland, Oregon.  

## References
Meiji Shrine

*) at the Meiji Shrine]]
*'''' is a Japanese Shinto shrine in Tokyo.  It honors the spirits of Emperor Meiji and his wife, Empress Shōken.

## History
After the emperor's death in 1912, the Diet of Japan voted to commemorate his role in the Meiji Restoration.

Work began on the shrine in 1915.  It was formally dedicated in 1920; and it was completed in 1921.

Until 1946, the Meiji Shrine was in the .

## References
## Other websites
* Meiji jingū website  
* Meiji Shrine map 
* Meiji Shrine panorama
Calamus

"**Calamus**" is a group of poems in Walt Whitman's *Leaves of Grass*. They are about gay love or, in Whitman-speak, "the manly love of s". The Calamus poems have their seeds in a group of poems called "Live Oak with Moss". Whitman wrote these poems before or in the spring of 1859. They were printed with other poems in the 1860 third  of *Leaves of Grass* to form a group of 45 poems about gay love. The "Live Oak" poems seem to be about relations between the Whitman and a male lover. Whitman sees the love of comrades as the backbone of all nations, the root of religious sentiments, the source of personal anguish and joy, and the answer to the big questions of life. The Calamus (*Acorus calamus*, or Sweet Flag) root is shaped like a phallus and has connections with a mythological story about gay lovers.

## Other websites 
*Calamus On WikiSource
*Manuscript for "Live Oak With Moss" at the Walt Whitman Archive
Mount Isa

**Mount Isa** is a city in the north west region of Queensland, Australia. In June 2006 there 18,857 people living in the city. and 31,000 in the region. Mount Isa began in the 1920s as a mining town. Mount Isa Mines (MIM) is one of the most productive mines in the world, producing lead, silver, copper, and zinc.

## References
Khonsu

**Khonsu** is the god of the moon, moonlight, and time in Egyptian mythology. In the beginning of the gods, he gambled time with the sky goddess Nut. The goddess Nut won so many times that she could then add five days to the calendar. These days were called the "devil days". Khonsu's father is Amun, and his mother is Mut.
Copycat (movie)

***Copycat*** is a 1995 American psychological thriller movie. It was directed by Jon Amiel, produced by Arnon Milchan and Mark Tarlov and written by Ann Biderman and David Madsen.

It is set in San Francisco, California. It stars Sigourney Weaver as criminal psychologist Dr. Helen Hudson and Holly Hunter as police detective M.J. Monahan. Dermot Mulroney plays her work partner, detective Reuben Goetz. Harry Connick, Jr. plays Daryll Lee Cullum and William McNamara plays Peter Foley. Cullum is imprisoned early in the movie for murder and for attacking Hudson. As a result of the attack, she has agoraphobia and posttraumatic stress disorder. Foley is a serial killer who is committing murders in the ways that they were done by notorious serial killers.

## References
## Other websites 
*