open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Soricomorpha

The **Soricomorpha** ("shrew-form") was a proposed biological group in the class of mammals. It includes all the shrews, solenodons and moles. It is divided into four families, one extinct. The other three families are the shrews, solenodons and moles. This followed the discovery, from sequence analysis, that the old order Insectivora was polyphyletic. That meant it was not a single clade.

The proposal was discarded when it was discovered that a larger grouping was monophyletic, and formed an natural clade of insectivores. That is the new order Eulipotyphla.

* **ORDER SORICOMORPHA**
** **Family Soricidae**
*** Subfamily Crocidurinae: white-toothed shrews
*** Subfamily Soricinae: red-toothed shrews
*** Subfamily Myosoricinae: African white-toothed shrews
** **Family Talpidae**: moles
*** Subfamily Scalopinae
*** Subfamily Talpinae
*** Subfamily Uropsilinae
** **Family Solenodontidae**: solenodons
** **Family †Nesophontidae**: West Indian shrews

## References
Mysticeti

The **Mysticeti**  are one of the two suborders of the Cetacea. They are often called **baleen whales**, or 'whalebone whales' or 'great whales'.

Baleen whales have baleen plates made of keratin. 
The difference is connected with feeding. Baleen whales strain plankton out of the water, whereas the Odontoceti (toothed whales) eat larger prey.

The suborder contains four families and fourteen species.

## Baleen 
Baleen whales do not have teeth, except as embryos. Fossil adult baleen whales did have teeth, but modern adults have only baleen. The embryo teeth are replaced by baleen, which look like a curtain of long plates hanging down from the top of the whale's mouth. Those plates might be 12 feet long, and a foot or more wide. Looking at them from the outside, they look like straight knives hanging down, but from the inside, they are like a big toothbrush or comb. Baleen is made of keratin, a tissue also found in mammalian hair and nails.

## Size 
Baleen whales are generally larger than toothed whales, and females are larger than males. The group includes the largest living animal species, the blue whale.

## Breaching 
Although they are very heavy, baleen whales are able to jump completely out of the water. Humpback whales are known for their jumping skills, but other baleen whales also jump out from the water with their body or beat it loudly with their fins. Nobody knows for sure why the whales do this.  It may be a type of communication.

## Evolution
The oldest true fossils of baleen are only 15 million years old, but baleen rarely fossilizes, and scientists believe it originated considerably earlier than that. Genetic evidence from DNA sequence analysis supports this idea.

Baleen-related skull modifications have been found in fossils from considerably earlier. Baleen is believed to have evolved around thirty million years ago, possibly from a hard, gummy upper jaw, like the one a Dall's porpoise has. In fact, it resembles baleen closely at the microscopic level. Many early baleen whales also had teeth, but these were probably used only peripherally, or perhaps not at all (again like Dall's porpoise, which catches squid and fish by gripping them against its hard upper jaw).

## Importance to humans 
From the 11th to the late 20th centuries, baleen whales were hunted for their oil and baleen. Their oil can be made into margarine and cooking oils. Baleen was used to stiffen corsets, as parasol ribs, and to crease paper.

## References
Israel national football team

The **Israel National Football Team** is the national football team of Israel and is controlled by the Israel Football Association. 

They Play in Teddy Stadium in Jerusalem, Sammy Ofer Stadium in Haifa, and in Bloomfield Stadium in Tel Aviv. Israel has been a member of UEFA since 1994. The national team was not recognized by FIFA until 1948. The same year, they played their first FIFA-recognized match in a 3–1 humiliating defeat to the American under-20 team in a friendly.

## Most appearances
Top 12 Israeli players with most national apperances.

Bold players are active players.

## Top scorers
## References
Metroid (video game)

is an action-adventure video game made by Nintendo. It was first released in Japan on the Famicom Disk System on August 6, 1986. In 1987 and 1988, it was released in Europe and North America on the Nintendo Entertainment System. Years later, it was released for the Wii.

*Metroid* is the first game in the *Metroid* series and stars the character Samus Aran. She later appears in all of the later games.

## Gameplay
*Metroid* was one of the first non-linear video games. This means that it did not force players to play through the game in one way. Players could explore and go to all of the areas in whatever order they wished. The basic gameplay is a mix of adventure, platform shooter, and action. The player controls the main character Samus while exploring the game's cave-like environment. Because Samus starts only with a weak attack and a short jump, players must find power-ups to make the attack and jump stronger, in order to get to new areas of the game. While there are many different small enemies that players meet, there are also large bosses who must be killed in order to reach the last level of the game.
Macropus

***Macropus*** is a marsupial genus that belongs to the family Macropodidae. It has 14 species. The genus includes all land kangaroos, wallaroos and several species of wallaby.

## Taxonomy
* Genus *Macropus*
** Subgenus *Notamacropus*
*** Agile wallaby, *Macropus agilis* 
*** Black-striped wallaby, *Macropus dorsalis*
*** Tammar wallaby, *Macropus eugenii*
*** Toolache wallaby, *Macropus greyii* (extinct)
*** Western brush wallaby, *Macropus irma*
*** Parma wallaby: *Macropus parma* (rediscovered, thought extinct for 100 years)
*** Pretty-faced wallaby: *Macropus parryi*
*** Red-necked wallaby: *Macropus rufogriseus*
** Subgenus *Osphranter*
*** Antilopine kangaroo, *Macropus antilopinus* 
*** Woodward's wallaroo, *Macropus bernadus*
*** Eastern wallaroo, *Macropus robustus*
*** Red kangaroo: *Macropus rufus*
** Subgenus *Macropus*
*** Western grey kangaroo, *Macropus fuliginosus*
*** Eastern grey kangaroo, *Macropus giganteus*

## Other websites
Antalya

in Antalya]]

**Antalya** is a city in southern Turkey. The city is in the Mediterranean Region and along the coast of Mediterranean Sea. 2.158.265 people live there. Antalya is the most important tourism destination in Turkey and one of the best in Mediterranean. The city created a good image and its name started to be known to tourists. Every year mostly British, Russian, and German tourists come to city for beautiful beaches and the ancient destinations.

## Other websites
* Akdeniz Univeresity
Hatay Province

**Hatay** is a province in the southern part of Turkey, on the Mediterranean coast. Hatay is bordered by Syria on the south and east. The province has a mixed population of Turks and Arabs.

In ancient times it was called Antioch. It joined Turkey in 1939.  From 1938 to 1939, the city was an independent Arab emirate known as Hatay State. It then became a part of Turkey, which caused protests by the Arabs in the province. The protests were later shut down and many Arab Christians and Alawites fled to Syria. Currently, the province has mostly Turks and Arabs. The Turks mainly follow Sunni Islam and the Arabs follow either Alawite or Sunni Islam.

The province was badly damaged and many people died in the 2023 Turkey–Syria earthquake.

## Districts
Hatay province is divided into 15 districts, listed below with their populations officially estimated as at 31 December 2022:

* Altınözü (60,344)
* Antakya (399,045)
* Arsuz (101,233)
* Belen (34,449)
* Defne (165,494)
* Dörtyol (128,941)
* Erzin (41,558)
* Hassa (56,675)
* İskenderun (251,682)
* Kırıkhan (121,028)
* Kumlu (13,333)
* Payas (43,919)
* Reyhanlı (108,092)
* Samandağ (123,447)
* Yayladağı (36,803)
## Stamps issued as Hatay state, today Turkey

File:Hatay devleti stamp.gif
File:Turkeyhatay3kurus1939.jpg
Mural

is a famous Mural of Pablo Picasso. It memorizes the bombing of Guernica, during the Spanish civil war, in 1937. ]]
A **mural** is a painting on a wall or a ceiling. Murals are usually big. They may be in public places, such as the outside of a building, or indoors.
Laurasiatheria

**Laurasiatheria** is a large group of placental mammals. The name comes from the area where advanced mammals evolved. This was on the northern supercontinent of Laurasia, roughly corresponding to Eurasia today plus North America. When Pangaea broke up, it split first into Laurasia in the north and Gondwana in the south.

Members of the group include shrews, hedgehogs, pangolins, bats, whales, most hoofed mammals, and carnivorans, and others.

The Laurasiatheria is defined by DNA sequence analysis. The group does not share any obvious anatomical features. It includes these living orders:

*Eulipotyphla: hedgehogs, gymnures, moles, shrews, solenodons (cosmopolitan)
*Cetartiodactyla: cosmopolitan; includes former orders Cetacea (whales, dolphins and porpoises) and Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates, including pigs, hippopotamus, camels, giraffe, deer, antelope, cattle, sheep, goats)
*Pholidota: pangolins or scaly anteaters (Africa, South Asia)
*Chiroptera: bats (cosmopolitan)
*Carnivora: carnivores (cosmopolitan)
*Perissodactyla: odd-toed ungulates 

There are various ideas as to how these groups are related to each other, and no tree of descent is agreed by experts so far.

## References
İzmir

**İzmir** is a city in the west of Turkey. It has one of the biggest seaports in the Aegean Sea region and all of Turkey. İzmir is a popular destination for tourists, who come for beaches and cultural tours in the region. It has a hot-summer Mediterranean climate (*Csa* in the Köppen climate classification). İzmir is the third largest city in Turkey.

This is an ancient city; many scholars think Homer was born in Smyrna. Earthquakes destroyed the city in 187 AD, 1653, 1688, 1739, and 1778, and it was rebuilt many times. The last big earthquake was in 2020, which caused more than 117 deaths and the collapse of 8 buildings. The Greek name for this formerly Greek city is Smyrna, from which the Turkish name İzmir comes.  The Greek name was also used in English until the early 20th century. About 30 km (20 miles) south of İzmir, there is an ancient Greek city named Ephesus.

İzmir was a candidate for Expo 2015. However, Milan had more support, so İzmir lost.
Peter and the Wolf

***Peter and the Wolf*** is a composition by Sergei Prokofiev. It was written in 1936 after his return to Russia, then part of the Soviet Union. It is a children's story. Prokofiev got the idea from Natalya Sats, who led the Moscow State Musical Theater for Children. The idea was to introduce children to the different musical instruments in the orchestra. For this reason, each character in the story has a particular instrument and a musical theme:
*Bird: flute
*:[[flute| \relative c''''  { \clef treble \time 4/4 \set Staff.midiInstrument = #"flute"  \tempo "Allegro" 4=176 \slashedGrace a8\mf( g8-.)[ e-.] \slashedGrace a( gis-.)[ gis-.] gis-.[ gis-.] \slashedGrace a( gis-.)[ e-.] | d16->( ees des c b8) \times 2/3 {a16( b a } g8->) g-. c-. e-. | \slashedGrace a8( g8-.)[ e-.] \slashedGrace a( gis-.)[ gis-.] gis-.[ gis-.] \slashedGrace a( gis-.)[ e-.] | d16->( ees des c g'!8-.) \slashedGrace b,( a-.) g2-> } ]]

*Duck: Oboe
*: \relative c' { \clef treble \time 3/4 \set Staff.midiInstrument = #"oboe"  \tempo "L'istesso tempo"4=92 \key aes \major \slashedGrace fes8( ees2.\mf->) | \slashedGrace ees8( d[ des c des] \slashedGrace d g[ f)] | \slashedGrace fes( ees2.->) } 

*Cat: Clarinet (in A)
*: \relative c { \clef treble \time 4/4 \set Staff.midiInstrument = #"clarinet"  \tempo "Moderato" \partial 4*1 d8-.\p g-. \bar "||" b4-. g8-. d-. cis4-. d8-. g-. | b-. d-. c4->~ c8 b g a | b( a) fis-. g-. a( g) e-. fis-. | g2-> } 
*Grandfather: Bassoon
*:  \relative c { \clef bass \time 4/4 \set Staff.midiInstrument = #"bassoon"  \tempo "Poco più andante" 4=92 \key b \minor \partial 16*1 b,16\f( \bar "||" fis'8)[ r16 fis] b,4->~ b8._"pesante" cis16 d8. e16 | fis8. d16 a'8 a a-> a-> \times 2/3 { a-> b-> bis-> } | cis4->~( \times 2/3 { cis8 d dis } ais) r } 
*Wolf: 3 French Horns
*: \relative c { \clef bass \time 4/4 \set Staff.midiInstrument = #"french horn" \tempo "Andante molto" 4=66 \key bes \major 2->\mp 16(    8)  | -- -- -- -- 2-> |} 
*Peter: String instruments
*:  \relative c'' { \clef treble \time 4/4 \set Staff.midiInstrument = #"violin" \tempo "Andantino" 4=92 g4\p-- c8.( e16-.) g8-.[ a-.] g8.->( e16) | g8-.( a-.) b8.-> c16 g8( e) c-.( d-.) | ees4->\\mf( bes) } 
*Hunters: Timpani and Bass Drum
*: \relative c' { \clef treble \time 4/4 \set Staff.midiInstrument = #"trumpet"\tempo "Allegro moderato" 4=116 \partial 4*1 c4\mf( | des8)->[ r ees-. r e->] r c4( | des8->)[ r ees-. r e->] r c4 | des8-> e f aes c4-> b8 c | des-.[ r f-.] r e2-> } 
(The hunters' theme is actually introduced by the woodwinds)
In addition, there is a narrator telling the story. 

In 1946, Walt Disney produced an animated version of Peter and the Wolf. There are some differences to the original work, for example the animals are given names. It was released on video tape in the 1990s. 

## Other websites 
* http://www.internet-maerchen.de/download/peter.mp3
Washington Monument

The **Washington Monument***(also referred to as "The Pencil")* is a large, tall, white obelisk near the west part of the National Mall in Washington, D.C. It was built to remember George Washington, who was the first President of the United States. It is the tallest stone structure in the world, and is 555 feet 5⅛ inches (169.294 m) tall. The monument is made of marble, granite, and sandstone.

## History
The monument was started in 1848, but was not finished until 1884 due to the American Civil War. Construction continued after the war ended, but the type of sandstone was changed. The monument opened on February 21, 1885 after 19 years total of construction. Plans of building the monument began even before Washington was elected president.

## Earthquake damage
On Tuesday, August 23, 2011, the monument was cracked by an earthquake. A 5.8-magnitude earthquake struck northern Virginia, about  from Washington D.C. Cracks were found at the top of the monument, which was then closed for repair. It was re-opened in October 2019. There were early reports that the Monument was leaning. The National Park Service said that while there was damage, the Monument is not leaning.

## Visit
Visitors to Washington, D.C., can tour the inside of the Washington Monument. There is an elevator which takes people to the top. From the top, it is possible to see the National Mall, the White House, the U.S. Capitol, and the Lincoln Memorial.

## References
Deniz Baykal

**Deniz Baykal** (20 July 1938 – 11 February 2023) was a Turkish politician and academic. He was the leader of the Republican People's Party (CHP) and the leader of the Main Opposition in Turkey. He has been the Member of Parliament for Antalya since 2002.

He quit his academic career and was elected as the Member of Parliament from the Republican People's Party in 1973. He served as the Deputy Prime Minister, the Minister of Finance, Energy and Foreign Affairs in various times.

He resigned as leader of the Republican People's Party on May 10, 2010.

Because he was the oldest MP, he became the interim Speaker of the Parliament until the election of the permanent speaker. He became CHP's nominee for the election.

## Other websites 
* CHP official website
Avrupa Yakası

***Avrupa Yakası*** (English: *European Side*) was a popular sitcom which broadcasted on Turkish TV. The writer of the series, Gülse Birsel, also plays the role as **Aslı**. The series was about Aslı, her colleauges, friends and family. The series started airing in 2004 and ended in 2009. It was aired on ATV every wednesday at 20.00 pm (GMT+2).

## Cast
*Gülse Birsel as Aslı Sütçüoğlu (2003-2009)
*Hümeyra as İffet Sütçüoğlu (2004-2008)
*Gazanfer Özcan as Tahsin Sütçüoğlu (2004-2009)
*Hale Caneroglu as Yaprak (2004-2009)
*Şenay Gürler as Fatoş (2004-2008)
*Ata Demirer as Volkan Sütçüoğlu (2004-2008)
*Evrim Akin as Selin Yerebakan (2004-2006)
*Veysel Diker as Tacettin (2004-2009)
*Bülent Polat as Şehsuvar(Şesu) (2004-2006)
*Yildirim Öcek as Saadettin Yerebakan (2004-2009)
*Engin Günaydın as Burhan Altıntop (2005-2009)
*Levent Üzümcü as Cem Onaran (2004-2009)
*Binnur Kaya as Saika Koçarslan (2007-2009)
*Timur Acar as Izzet (2007-2009)
*Tolga Cevik as Sacit Kiral (2006-2008)
*Hasibe Eren as Makbule Kiral (2006-2008)
*Rutkay Aziz (2005-2009)
*Celal Belgil as Sabit Aksoy (2006-2009)
*Sensel Uykal as Hediye Aksoy (2006-2009)
*Sarp Apak as Tanriverdi (2006-2009)
*Hakan Yilmaz as Osman Koçarslan (2008-2009)
*Peker Acikalin as Gaffur Aksoy (2006-2007)

Guest Stars:

*Halil Ibrahim Aras as Küçük Adnan
*Sinan Bengier as Imdat
*Sinan Cetin as himself
*Yonca Cevher as Mürvet
*Nurhan Damcioglu as Azamet
*Didem Erol as Victoria
List of World Heavyweight Champions (WWE)

This is the title history of the World Heavyweight Championship. The title was introduced in 2002 when WWE bought out World Championship Wrestling WCW. It was retired and made into one with the WWE Championship on December 16, 2013 when Randy Orton defeated John Cena at TLC: Tables, Ladders & Chairs. It does not share the title history of the new World Heavyweight Championship that was created in 2023.

## Title History 
## Combined reigns
## References 
## Other websites 
* WWE World Heavyweight Title History
Deniz Gezmiş

**Deniz Gezmiş** (February 27, 1947  – May 6, 1972) was a political activist in the late 1960s. He is one of the founders of the Marxist-Leninist organization Türkiye Halk Kurtuluş Ordusu, in English Turkey People's Liberation Army.

Gezmis was captured by the Turkish government and the trial period started. At the end of his trial, Gezmiş was sentenced to death. He was killed on May 6, 1973, by the Turkish government. However, many people years later think Deniz Gezmis and his friends are heroes, and that they are threats to the community.

Books about Deniz Gezmis's life have been written. The latest book about his life is *Darağacında Üç Fidan*. It was published in Turkish language in 2008.

## Other websites
* The person who took the photograph of "Deniz with Parka", wrote a book - Hürriyet (Kelebek), Ali Dağlar, 25 May 2013 (Turkish)
* Who Wrote Lament of Deniz Gezmiş?  - Metehan Akbulut, 26 February 2022 (Turkish)
* What Happened That Night?  - Metehan Akbulut, 04 March 2022 (Turkish)
* Photographs of Deniz Gezmiş that emerged 50 years later  - Haberler.com, 11 February 2021 (Turkish)
* Lament of Deniz Gezmiş - Aşık Kiraz reading the lyrics, 27 October 2014 (Written explanations and lyrics are in English on the page.)
Yıldız Technical University

**Yıldız Technical University** is a university in Turkey. It is found in Beşiktaş,İstanbul. The university has three campuses in Davutpasa, Yıldız and Ayazağa. It is a public university.

## Departments 
* Civil Engineering
* Architecture
* İnternational Relationships
* Electronics and Communication Engineering
* Electrical Enginnering
* Mechanical Engineering
Primitive Methodist Church

The **Primitive Methodist Church** is a body of evangelical Christians in the Methodist denomination. They began in England in the early 1800s, with the influence of American evangelist Lorenzo Dow (1777–1834).

## Other websites 
*History of the Primitive Methodist Connexion  by H. B. Kendall
*Primitive Methodist Church in the U.S.A.
Tract

printed by the China Inland Mission.]]A **tract**, is a short literary work that is written to convince somebody of an idea or belief. 
## Overview
Tracts see applications in politics by those promoting propaganda, or in religion by those promoting their religious beliefs. They are often either left for someone to find, or handed out for free.
## Related pages
* Fiction
* Polemic
* Publishing
* Non-fiction
List of Formula One Grands Prix

The following is a complete **list of Grands Prix** which have been a part of the FIA Formula 1 World Championship since it started in 1950.

At the end of the 2019 season, 1018 World Championship Grands Prix will have been held including the Indy 500 which was a part of the World Championship from 1950 until 1960.

Major auto racing events are usually named *Grands Prix*, a tradition dating back to the first decade of the 20th Century and the Grand Prix motor racing of the 1920s and 1930s.

## Active and past races
*The information below is correct as of the 2020 Italian Grand Prix*.

### By race title
**Bold** denotes the Grands Prix scheduled as part of the  season.

### By host nation
**Bold** denotes the Grands Prix scheduled to be held in the  season.

### By venue
**Bold** denotes the Grands Prix scheduled to be held in the  season.

## Races by season
### 1950–1959
The 1950s hosted 84 World Championship races.

### 1960–1969
The 1960s hosted 100 World Championship races.

### 1970–1979
The 1970s hosted 144 World Championship races.

### 1980–1989
The 1980s hosted 156 World Championship races.

### 1990–1999
The 1990s hosted 162 World Championship races.

### 2000–2009
The 2000s hosted 174 World Championship races.

### 2010–2019
The 2010s hosted 198 World Championship races.

### 2020–2029 
## Milestone races 
### Multiples of 100 
## Notes
## References
Anadolu University

**Anadolu University** (Turkish: **Anadolu Üniversitesi**)  is a high-degree educational institution in Eskişehir, Turkey providing distance education.

## References
## Other websites
* Anadolu University Website
National Mall

, facing west across the Mall.  In front of the statue of the horse is the Ulysses S. Grant Memorial. The Washington Monument in the background.]]

The **National Mall**, often just called *the Mall*, is an open park in the city center Washington, D.C.  It has many museums, like the Smithsonian and the National Gallery of Art.  It is found between the United States Capitol and the Washington Monument, which are about one mile apart.  It is a popular place, and is used for exercise, recreation, music concerts, festivals, and protests.  It is also visited by many tourists - over 25 million people come to the Mall each year.

## Area
Officially, the Mall is the area between the U.S. Capitol and the Washington Monument.  However, there is another park that is right next to the Mall, which is from the Washington Monument to the Lincoln Memorial.  The Reflecting Pool is in this park, as well as many monuments and museums. Many people say that this park is also part of the National Mall.

The National Mall has many trees.  Most of them are elm and cherry trees.  The cherry blossom trees were given to the United States by Japan in 1912.

## History
Pierre L'Enfant, the man who planned Washington D.C., wanted to have a park in the middle of the city.  However, the National Mall was not always a park.  In the 19th century, there was a railroad that ran through the Mall.  Cows also grazed (ate grass) on the Mall.  There was a large market on one side of the Mall.  During the American Civil War, there were many buildings on the Mall.  There were even slaughterhouses on the Mall - places where animals are killed and turned into meat.  In 1901, the Senate passed the McMillan Plan.  This cleaned up the National Mall and moved the railroad to Union Station.

## Events
 and the reflecting pool from the steps of the Lincoln Memorial during the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom.]]
Many events happen at the National Mall.  The National Park Service says that over 3,000 events happen each year, but most of these are tours.  In 1995, the Million Man March was held on the Mall.

## Museums and monuments in the Mall
## Near the Mall
There are many places very close to the Mall.  The Library of Congress and the United States Supreme Court building are just east of the Capitol.  The White House, the National Archives, the Old Post Office, and, Ford's Theater (where Abraham Lincoln was killed) are just north.  The National Postal Museum, and Union Station are northeast. The Jefferson Memorial, the Franklin Delano Roosevelt Memorial, the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, and the Bureau of Engraving and Printing are to the south.

## References
National Air and Space Museum

The **National Air and Space Museum**  is a museum in Washington, D.C., United States, in the National Mall.  It is the most popular Smithsonian museum, and over five million people visit it each year.  The museum has the most airplanes and spacecraft in the world.

## At the museum
There are many exhibits of famous planes or spacecraft at the museum.  Here are a list of some of the most famous ones:
* The original Wright *Flyer*, which made the first flight in 1903.
* The *Spirit of St. Louis*, in which Charles Lindbergh made the first solo (one-person) flight across the Atlantic Ocean.
* The Bell X-1 *Glamorous Glennis*, in which Chuck Yeager made the first powered supersonic (faster than sound) flight.
* A model of Mariner 2, the first space probe to fly by another planet (Venus).
* A part of the Apollo 11 ship, the first mission to land on the moon.
* A German V-2 rocket, the first man-made thing to reach space.
* A rock from Mars (a meteorite).
* A rock from the Moon that anyone can touch.
* A model of the starship USS *Enterprise* from the science fiction television series *Star Trek*.
* A copy of Skylab, America's first space station.
* A model of one of the Voyager probes, which went to the planets Jupiter and Saturn.
Daniel Alfredsson

**Daniel Alfredsson** (born 11 December 1972) is a Swedish retired professional ice hockey right winger. He played a career total of 18 years in the National Hockey League (NHL). He played for the Ottawa Senators and the Detroit Red Wings. He is best known for being the captain of the Senators from 1999 to 2013. He also played in the Elitserien with Frölunda HC.

Before playing in the NHL, Alfredsson played 3 seasons in the Swedish Elite League with Frölunda HC. He was selected by the Senators with the 133rd overall pick in the 1994 NHL Draft. Alfredsson won the Calder Memorial Trophy in 1996. He returned to play for Frölunda HC for 15 games during the 2004–05 NHL lockout. He played for the Ottawa Senators for 17 seasons and served as their captain from 1999 to 2013. On July 5, 2013, Alfredsson signed a one-year, $5.5 million contract with the Detroit Red Wings.

On December 4, 2014, Alfredsson decided to sign a one-day contract to officially retire as a member of the Ottawa Senators.

He played for the Sweden men's national ice hockey team and won the gold medal with them during the 2006 Winter Olympics. He also won a silver medal with the team at the 2014 Winter Olympics.

## References
## Other websites
*
Knapsack

The word **knapsack** can mean:

* a backpack
* the knapsack problem, a math problem
** the subset sum problem, a special case of the above
** Naccache-Stern knapsack cryptosystem, a cryptosystem based on the knapsack problem
* Knapsack (band), an American band
Termite

**Termites** are a suborder of social insects, the **Isoptera**. They are sometimes called *"white ants"*, incorrectly, because ants belong to the Order Hymenoptera. 

They are *eusocial* animals, as are ants and some bees and wasps. Termites mostly feed on detritus, mostly wood, leaf litter, soil, or animal dung. There are an estimated 4,000 species (about 2,600 taxonomically known). About 10% are pests which can cause serious structural damage to buildings, crops or plantation forests. 

Termites are major detrivores in the subtropical and tropical regions. Their recycling of wood and other plant matter is very important for ecology.

A termite colony starts when winged termites (called *alates*) swarm and mate. After mating, they fall to the ground and rip off their wings. The female looks for a good place to start the colony, and the male follows her. Most termites nest underground their entire lives, but termites in Africa and Australia actually build really big mound structures that look like little mountains and can be more than 20 feet tall (see photo below).

Termites live in colonies that, at maturity, hold from several hundred to several million individuals. They are a prime example self-organised systems which use swarm intelligence. They use this cooperation to exploit food sources and environments which would not be available to any single insect acting alone. A typical colony contains nymphs (semi-mature young), workers, soldiers, and reproductive individuals of both genders, sometimes containing several egg-laying queens.

## Other websites 
* Termitehub https://termitehub.com/
Silverfish

***Lepisma saccharina*** (commonly called the **fishmoth**, **urban silverfish** or just the **silverfish**) is a small, wingless insect. Typically it is between half an inch and one inch (12–25&nbsp;mm). Its common name comes from the animal's silvery blue color, combined with the fish-like appearance of its movements. The scientific name indicates the silverfish's diet of carbohydrates such as sugar or starches. It belongs to the basal insect order Thysanura, and the species is estimated to have existed for over 300 million years, originating in the Paleozoic Era. Often misidentified as a silverfish is the house centipede, another house-dwelling arthropod that exhibits rapid, fluid movement.

An eyeless species of silverfish, or a close relative, was discovered in January 2006 in caves in Sequoia National Park, California.

## References
Dany Heatley

**Daniel James Heatley** (born January 21, 1981) was a German-born Canadian former professional ice hockey right winger. He played parts of thirteen seasons in the National Hockey League (NHL). He played for the Atlanta Thrashers, Ottawa Senators, San Jose Sharks, Minnesota Wild, and Anaheim Ducks. He also played for SC Bern of the National League A (NLA) and for Ak Bars Kazan of the Russian Superleague (RSL), and the Thomas Sabo Ice Tigers of the Deutsche Eishockey Liga (DEL).

Heatley was born in Freiburg and raised in Calgary.

Heatley won the Calder Memorial Trophy in 2002. He won the trophy when he was playing for the Atlanta Thrashers. In 2005 Heatley asked to be traded because of his involvement in a car accident that killed teammate and close friend Dan Snyder. He was traded to Ottawa Senators. Heatley then later traded to San Jose Sharks in 2009. Olympic champion in ice hockey with team Canada in Vancouver 2010.

On July 9, 2014, he signed a one-year, $1 million contract as a free agent with the Anaheim Ducks.

He last played professional ice hockey in 2016.

## References
## Other websites
*
Earwig

**Earwigs** is the name given to a group of insects called **Dermaptera**. They are characterized by wings they can fold under short, leather-like forewings. There are about 1800 species of earwigs. They do not seem to spread any disease, or harm humans in any way. Most of them are 10-14mm long, but some species can reach 80mm. Most earwigs are omnivores as they also eat some insect larvae.

## Physical Characteristics 
All earwigs are insects. All earwigs have three body parts, head, thorax, and abdomen. Earwigs are about the same size as a peanut.
Earwigs are dark brown, red, or black. Earwigs use their antennae for smelling and feeling. Their antennae are attached to their head. All earwigs look a little flat. Earwigs have thin back wings that are covered by thick forewings. They don’t fly often. Some earwigs have stripes on the thorax and abdomen.
All earwigs have six hooked legs.
Male earwigs have curved cerci(which are little pinchers to grab food) and females have straight cerci on their abdomen. Sometimes, male earwigs use their cerci (little pinchers to grab food) to fight other males. Earwigs are known for having a foul smell.

## Habitat 
Earwigs live all over the world, except Antarctica. 
Earwigs usually live in damp, shady places such as under leaves or in fallen trees. Earwigs can also be found in your home, mostly in basements or bathrooms, where there are damp and shady places.

## Diet 
All earwigs eat plants. Earwigs eat pollen out from flowers. Sometimes, earwigs will eat fruit such as apples. When they live in houses they eat some of our pests like spiders and flies. Only some times they can get honey to eat. On trees you might find them eating moss or fungi.
To eat insects, an earwig will use its cerci (little pinchers).
Birds will usually avoid eating earwigs due to their bad taste and smell.

## References 
*St. Pierre Stephanie (2002) Bug Books: Earwig. Heinemann.
Corrie ten Boom

**Cornelia Johanna Arnolda "Corrie" ten Boom** (April 15, 1892 in Amsterdam – April 15, 1983 in California) was a Dutch evangelist and Nazi concentration camp survivor. She helped nearly 800 Jews escape the Nazis during World War II. 

Ten Boom co-wrote her autobiography *The Hiding Place* in 1971. It was later made into a movie of the same name.  

In December 1967, Ten Boom was given the award of "Righteous Among the Nations"' by the State of Israel. 

She died in California at the age of 91.

## Other websites
* Corrie ten Boom at Yad Vashem website
30,000 Pounds of Bananas

**"30,000 Pounds of Bananas"** is a song by Harry Chapin. It is from his 1974 *Verities & Balderdash* album.

The song tells the story of  real-life truck accident which happened on March 18, 1965, in Scranton, Pennsylvania.

## References
Morwell, Victoria

**Morwell** is a city in Gippsland, east of Victoria, Australia. Morwell is in the Latrobe Valley. The Latrobe Valley has a lot of brown coal which is burned to make electricity in power stations. It is also the centre for the City of Latrobe. 
The name Morwell is believed to have come from the Australian aboriginal Gunnai language meaning "people who live in the swamp".

## References
Lincoln Memorial

The **Lincoln Memorial** is a memorial building. It was built to remember Abraham Lincoln. Lincoln was the 16th President of the United States. He led the nation during the American Civil War.  The memorial is in the National Mall in Washington, D.C., and is a popular site for tourists.

## Design
The Lincoln Memorial was built to look like the Temple of Zeus at Olympia, Greece. The main focus of the memorial is Daniel Chester French's sculpture of Lincoln, seated on a throne. It is surrounded by thirty six columns which are  high.  There is a large reflecting pool right outside the steps.

## Inside
A sculpture of Lincoln sitting on a chair is inside the Memorial.  The statue shows the President looking towards the reflecting pool and the Washington Monument. The statue is 19 feet 9&nbsp;inches (6 m) tall and  wide, and was carved from 28 blocks of white marble.

These words are written on the wall behind the sculpture: 

This is a complicated sentence and was written long ago.  It means that Abraham Lincoln will forever be remembered here, just like he will be remembered by the people of the United States, who he saved.

Lincoln's famous speech, the Gettysburg Address, is written into one of the walls at the Memorial.  There are also several murals on the other walls.  One of the murals shows an angel, and another one shows a slave being freed.

## Famous events
Due to Lincoln being associated with freeing the slaves, the Memorial has been a center for civil rights protests in the United States.  In 1939, Marian Anderson sang there because she could not sing at Constitution Hall.  The Memorial has been used many times for famous events.  Martin Luther King's *I Have a Dream* speech was given on the steps of the Lincoln Memorial.  President Richard Nixon once met with protesters of the Vietnam War, who were at the Memorial.  A concert was given for President Barack Obama at the Memorial before he took office.

## The Lincoln Memorial on U.S. currency
The Lincoln Memorial has been on the back of the United States penny (the one cent coin) for many years, as well as the five dollar bill.  Both have a picture of Lincoln on the front.

## References
Archaeognatha

**Archaeognatha** is an order of wingless insects, also known as *jumping bristletails*. They are among those insects which changed least during evolution. They first appear in the Devonian period along with the arachnids (Spiders). The name Archaeognatha is derived from Greek *Archaeos* meaning "ancient" and *gnatha* meaning "jaw". This refers to the articulation of the mandibles, which has a single condyle, where all higher insects have two. An alternate name, *Microcoryphia* comes from the Greek *micro* meaning "small" and *coryphia* meaning head.

The Order Archaeognatha has previously been combined with the Order Thysanura, or bristletails. Both groups have three-pronged tails with two cerci and an epiproct. Archaeognatha differ from Thysanura in that they are able to use their tail to spring up to 30&nbsp;cm into the air.  Like Thysanura, the body is covered with scales, with a thin exoskeleton that is susceptible to dehydration.

There are approximately 350 species in the two families. They are distributed worldwide, and unusual in the insect world in that they can even be found in the Arctic where they live in leaf litter and rock crevices. They feed primarily on algae, but also lichens, mosses, or decaying organic materials.

There are no species at current conservation risk, though the order is one of the most poorly-studied among insects, and therefore it may simply be that no one has yet recognized that any species are at risk.

## Sources 
*

## Other websites 
*Archaeognatha  - Tree of Life Web Project
*Microcoryphia  Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State College Department of Entomology
Ravi Zacharias

**Frederick Antony Ravi Kumar Zacharias** (March 26, 1946 &ndash; May 19, 2020) was an Indian-born Canadian-American Evangelical Christian apologist and evangelist. Zacharias was the author of many Christian books, such as the Gold Medallion Book Award winner *Can Man Live Without God?* Zacharias established Ravi Zacharias International Ministries (RZIM) and presented the radio programs *Let My People Think* and *Just Thinking*.

Zacharias died of spinal cancer on May 19, 2020 at his home in Atlanta, Georgia at the age of 74.

## His works 
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**Is There Not a Cause* (2008) (National Day of Prayer Feature Book)
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## References 
## Other websites 
*Official website for Ravi Zacharias International Ministries
*Let My People Think radio archives
Blues scale

The ***blues scale*** is a hexatonic scale with minor pentatonic scale. But because blues notes (or blue notes) have a different form, there can be no one blues scale. As named in contemporary jazz theory, its use is based on the key and not the chord, unlike some chords in jazz.
The semitone differences for a blues scale  are 3-2-1-1-3-2 for instance- C-Eb-F-F#-G-Bb-C

## References
Amazing Grace

"**Amazing Grace**" is a poem written in 1772 by Englishman John Newton. The poem named, "Faith's Review and Expectation", was where the song came from. It was set to music. A seventh stanza, by an unknown author, has been added to most versions since 1829, beginning with the words, "When we've been there ten thousand years". In some versions, stanzas five and six to the song are cut and go directly to the seventh.

## Original lyrics
### Other versions
Another verse was first recorded in Harriet Beecher Stowe's influential 1852 anti-slavery novel ''Uncle Tom's Cabin''. Three verses were sung by Tom. He sings the sixth and fifth verses in that order, and Stowe included another verse, not written by Newton, that had been passed down orally in African-American communities and churches:

## Recorded versions
The U.S. Library of Congress has a collection of 3,000 versions of and songs inspired by "Amazing Grace". More contemporary versions include samples from such popular artists as Sam Cooke and the Soul Stirrers (1963), the Byrds (1970), Elvis Presley (1971), Skeeter Davis (1972), Mighty Clouds of Joy (1972), Amazing Rhythm Aces (1975), Willie Nelson (1976) and the Lemonheads (1992).

## Impact
With the message that forgiveness and redemption, "Amazing Grace" is one of the most recognisable songs in the English-speaking world. American historian Gilbert Chase said that it is "without a doubt the most famous of all the folk hymns". Jonathan Aitken, a Newton biographer, estimates that the song is performed about 10&nbsp;million times annually.

Since 1954, when an organ instrumental of "New Britain" became a best-seller, "Amazing Grace" has been associated with funerals and memorial services.

## References
OMF International

**OMF International** (or **Overseas Missionary Fellowship** and **China Inland Mission** before 1964) is an inter-denominational Protestant Christian missionary society. It was started by English missionary Hudson Taylor on 25 June, 1865.

## Other websites 
* OMF International (formerly China Inland Mission and Overseas Missionary Fellowship)
* Wheaton College Billy Graham Center Archives of the China Inland Mission
Mantis

*Choeradodis* has laterally expanded thoraxes: camouflage by leaf mimicry.]]

A **Mantis** (order Mantodea) is a type of insect. They are usually known as **praying mantids** because of their prayer-like stance.

The group contains about 2,300 species. They occur in temperate and tropical habitats. Most are in are in the family Mantidae, and are called **Mantids**.

In Europe, the name "praying mantis" refers to only a single species, *Mantis religiosa*. They are sometimes confused with phasmids (stick insects).

The closest relatives of mantids are the order Blattodea (cockroaches and termites), and these two groups together are ranked as the Superorder Dictyoptera.

## Life habit 
Mantids are notable for their hunting abilities. They are predators, and their diet usually consists of living insects, including flies and aphids. Larger species have been known to prey on small lizards, frogs, birds, snakes, and even rodents.

Most mantids are ambush predators, waiting for prey to stray too near. The mantis then lashes out at remarkable speed. Some ground and bark species, however, pursue their prey rather quickly.

Prey are caught and held securely with grasping, spiked forelegs ('raptorial' legs); the first thoracic segment, the prothorax, is commonly elongated and flexibly articulated, allowing for greater range of movement of the front limbs while the remainder of the body remains more or less still.

The movement of the head is also remarkably flexible. It gives nearly 300 degrees of movement in some species. This allows for a great range of vision (their compound eyes have a large binocular field of vision) without having to move the rest of the body. As their hunting relies heavily on vision, they are mainly diurnal, but many species fly at night, when there is less chance of being taken by birds.

Mantids are masters of camouflage and most species make use of protective colouration to blend in with the foliage or substrate. This helps to avoid predators themselves, and to better snare their victims. They not only blend with the foliage, but mimic it, appearing as either living or withered leaves, sticks, tree bark, blades of grass, flowers, or even stones. Some species in Africa and Australia are able to turn black after a molt following a fire in the region to blend in with the fire ravaged landscape (fire melanism).

Mantids bite, but have no venom, and are not dangerous to humans. They are not chemically protected; nearly any large predatory animal will eat a mantis if it is able to detect it. Mantids are generally quite aggressive towards one another, in fact, and most species are readily cannibalistic when given the opportunity.

## References
Swarm intelligence

s form  and keep together and applying similar rules to robots is one of the fields of swarm intelligence]]

**Swarm Intelligence** is a field of Computer science. It is a form of self-organization and artificial intelligence. Some animals, mostly insects like ants, or bees form large colonies. These colonies are made of many animals that communicate with each other. Each animal is relatively simple, but by working together with other animals it is able to solve complex tasks. 

Swarm intelligence wants to obtain similar behaviour than that observed with these animals. Instead of the animals, so called *agents* are used.

## References
Hudson Taylor

**James Hudson Taylor** **戴德生** (21 May 1832 – 3 June 1905) was a British Protestant Christian missionary to China. He started the China Inland Mission (CIM) (now OMF International). Taylor spent 51 years in China.

## Other websites
Baptist Union of Great Britain

The **Baptist Union of Great Britain** (**BUGB**) is the both oldest and largest national group of Baptist churches in Great Britain. It was started when the General Baptists and Particular Baptists came together in 1891.

## Other websites 
*Baptist Union of Great Britain - official Web Site
Credit

When somebody borrows resources from somebody else, **credit** is the trust that they will later pay it back. The term often is used when somebody borrows money from a bank. This is called a loan. A bank may not give somebody credit if they do not think they would pay the loan back.

## Credit cards
A bank or a credit union can give somebody a credit card. This is a card somebody can use when they are buying something instead of using cash. Credit cards are given on the trust they will pay the bank or credit union.

## References
Wordless Book

in China using the Wordless Book]]

A **Wordless Book** is a Christian evangelistic device. Most believe that it was created by the famous London Baptist preacher Charles Haddon Spurgeon. It is called a "book", as it is usually has pages, but it can also be shown on a single page or banner.

## Color themes 
Spurgeon’s concept only contained three colors: “first was black, the second was red, and the third was pure white”
* Black: representing the “sinful state” of humanity “by nature”. Usually meaning the dark page.
* Red: representing the blood of Jesus.
* White: representing the “perfect righteousness which God has given to believers through the atoning sacrifice of Jesus Christ His Son”.
Spurgeon's College

'''Spurgeon's College'* is a theological institute in London. It was started by Charles Spurgeon, known as "the Prince of Preachers." It was first named *The Pastors' College'' when it opened in 1857. When it moved to its present building in 1923, it was renamed in honour of its starter Charles Spurgeon.

## Other websites 
*Spurgeon's College homepage
Tom Brady

**Thomas Edward Patrick Brady Jr.** (born August 4, 1977) is a former American football quarterback who played for 23 seasons, from 2000 to 2023. He spent the first 20 seasons of his career with the New England Patriots, and the final three with the Tampa Bay Buccaneers. He played in 10 Super Bowls and won 7 of them.

## Career 
Picked late in the 2000 NFL Draft, Brady became the starting quarterback for the New England Patriots after Drew Bledsoe got hurt. He played surprisingly well, leading New England to its first Super Bowl win in 2001.

Since then, he has won a record of five Super Bowl MVP awards (XXXVI, XXXVIII, XLIX, LI, LV) as well as three NFL MVP awards (2007, 2010, 2017).

Brady was a 14-time NFL Pro-Bowler, an award given to outstanding players in the league at their position. 

Brady is also famous for his number "12" as well as being married to supermodel Gisele Bundchen from 2009 to 2022.

On February 1, 2022, Brady announced his retirement after 22 seasons in the NFL, in an Instagram post. However, several weeks later, he announced that he was not going to retire and would return to the NFL. On February 1, 2023, Brady announced his retirement in a Twitter post “for good” after 23 seasons in the NFL. After retiring from playing, Brady became a well-known  color commentator for NFL telecasts. He is currently a broadcaster and color commentator for Fox Sports.

## References
Randy Moss

**Randy Moss** (born February 13 1977

## References
## Other websites 
*Randy Moss' Official website 
*Moss's career stats