Orangutan

**Orangutans** (*Pongo*) are great apes belonging to the rainforests of Indonesia and Malaysia. There are two species of orangutan. They are from Southeast Asia. There are very few of them left, because loss of the jungle has reduced their habitat. There are orangutans on view at the Singapore zoo.

The name orangutan comes from two Malay words, *orang* which means *person*, and *hutan* which means *forest*; so orangutan means *person of the forest*.

## Taxonomy
* Genus *Pongo*
** Bornean orangutan, *Pongo pygmaeus*
** Sumatran orangutan, *Pongo abelii*
** Tapanuli orangutan, *Pongo tapanuliensis* 

OrangutanP1.jpg|Bornean orangutan
Orangutan 01.jpg|Sumatran Orangutan
Pongo tapanuliensis.jpg|Tapanuli Orangutan

 of the superfamily Hominoidea. It highlights the subfamily Homininae. First the gibbons (Hylobatidae) split from the main line some 18 million years ago. Next, the subfamily Ponginae broke away—leading to the current orangutan. Later the Homininae split into the tribe Hominini (with subtribes Hominina and Panina), and the tribe Gorillini]]

## Appearance
Orangutans have red-brown hair. They have long arms, and short legs. They can be strong like chimpanzees, gorillas and humans. They also have hands that are good for climbing. The *Sumatran Orangutan* is smaller and has longer hair than the *Bornean orangutan*. Orangutans have suffered from forest loss and are on the very edge of extinction.

## Life
Orangutans are from the rainforests on the islands Borneo and Sumatra in Southeast Asia. They mostly live up in the trees. They eat fruit, leaves and bark and also insects and bird eggs. They drink water from rain that has been collected in leaves. Orangutans are not comfortable on the ground since they have to push themselves along with fists. Heavy adults move carefully through the trees, using their flexible feet to grasp the tree branches. Smaller orangutans swing with more ease.

## Diet
An orangutan's diet consists mainly of fruit, they like ripe fruit. If they cannot find fruit they will eat bark, leaves and termites, rather than move to somewhere else to get food. About 60% of an orangutan's diet is fruit, 25% is leaves, 10% is bark and flowers, and 5% is termites and other insects.

## Pregnancy
After a pregnancy of 230–260 days the female gives birth to usually one baby, but sometimes two, every eight to nine years. The little ones stay with their mother for years, riding on the mother backend and learning to move through the forest. The young orangutans are playful and affectionate. When they are five or six years old, they become more independent and eventually go off on their own.

## Related pages
* Ape

## References
## Other websites
* Primate Info Net *Pongo* Factsheet
* Information from Grungy Ape on the difference between the two Orang-utan species 
* OrionSociety.org  - 'Does an orangutan find Freedom in the Gift of Words?  Do We?'
* Orang utan language project 
* Facial Expression & Vocalizations
* Orangutan Foundation International non-profit organization dedicated to "*support the conservation and understanding of the orangutan and its rain forest habitat while caring for ex-captive individuals as they make their way back to the forest.*"
* Orang Utan Republik Education Initiative non-profit organization whose mission is to secure the future of the orangutan through programs of education and outreach in Indonesia.
* The Borneo Orangutan Survival Foundation
* Sumatran Orangutan Society International non-profit organization dedicated to the protection of Sumatran orangutans