Tata Group

The **Tata Group** () (or simply **TATA**; designed as **TΛTΛ**) is an Indian multi-national company. It's headquarters is in Mumbai, Maharashtra. It is India's largest group of companies with products and services in over 150 countries, and operations in 100 countries across six continents. It was founded in 1868 by Jamshedji Tata who is sometimes referred to as the "*father of Indian industry*".

Each Tata company operates independently under the guidance and supervision of its own board of directors and shareholders. These trusts control over 66% of the Tata holding company Tata Sons, while the family of Tata is a very small shareholder.

There are 29 publicly listed Tata Group companies with a combined market estimating $311 billion as of March 2022. The company has operations across Asia, Africa, America and Middle East. Some of the subsidiaries are Tata Steel, Tata Motors, Air India, Titan company.

## History
### 1839–1904 
 in Bangalore foundation was laid by Jamshedji Tata.]]
Jamshedji Nusserwanji Tata was born in 1839. Tata graduated from Elphinstone College in Bombay in 1858. Shortly afterwards, he joined his father's trading firm that dealt in general merchandise. There, the junior Tata took a special interest in developing trade with China.
 in Mumbai is owned by Tata Group.]]
When the American Civil War caused a boom in the Bombay cotton market, Tata and his father joined the Asiatic Banking Corporation. When the tide ebbed, Tata's credit was left desolate. Fortunately, the firm's credit was re-established during the next three years. A share in the lucrative contract for the commissariat of Napier's expedition to Abyssinia in 1868 restored the family fortune." In 1870 with Rs.21,000 capital, he founded a trading company. Further, he bought a bankrupt oil mill at Chinchpokli and converted it into a cotton mill, under the name Alexandra Mill which he sold for a profit after two years. In 1874, he set up another cotton mill at Nagpur named Empress Mill. He dreamed of achieving four goals, setting up an iron and steel company, a unique hotel, a world-class learning institution, and a hydroelectric plant. During his lifetime, in 1903, the Taj Mahal Hotel at Colaba waterfront was opened making it the first hotel with electricity in British India.

### 1904–1938 
After Jamsetji's death, his older son Dorabji Tata became the chairman in 1904.

In 1932, JRD founded an airline, known as Tata Air Services (later renamed Tata Airlines). In 1953, the Government of India passed the Air Corporations Act and purchased a majority stake in the carrier from Tata Sons, though JRD Tata would continue as chairman till 1977.

In 1945, Tata Motors was founded, first focused on locomotives. In 1954, it entered the commercial vehicle market after forming a joint venture with Daimler-Benz. In 1968, Tata Consultancy Services was founded.

### 1991–Present 
, the former chairman of the company, led the acquisition of several companies by Tata Group.]]
In 1991, Ratan Tata became chairman of Tata Group. This was also the year of economic liberalization in India, opening up the market to foreign competitors. During this time, Tata Group began to acquire several companies. Tata Group bought Tetley In February 2000. After that, it acquired Corus Group in 2007. In the year 2008, it acquired Jaguar and Land Rover. The company's subsidiary Tata Motors launched the Tata Nano which they presented as "the world’s most affordable car" in 2008.

## References 
## Other websites 
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