open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Hirving Lozano

**Hirving Rodrigo Lozano Bahena** (born 30 July 1995), also known by his nickname **Chucky**, is a Mexican professional footballer. He plays as a winger for Major League Soccer club San Diego FC and the Mexico national team.

Lozano started his career at Pachuca, where he scored 44 goals in 152 games, and won the 2016–17 CONCACAF Champions League. In June 2017, he signed for Dutch side PSV Eindhoven and won the Eredivisie in his first season. In 2019, Lozano signed for Italian club Napoli for a reported €42&nbsp;million, making him the most expensive Mexican player of all time. He won the 2022–23 Serie A in his final season at the club, before rejoining PSV in 2023. In June 2024, it was announced that he signed for San Diego FC, as the team's first Designated Player. 

His younger brother, , is also a footballer.

## Career statistics
### Club
### International
:''Scores and results list Mexico's goal tally first.''
*Coppa Italia: 2019–20

**Mexico Youth**
*CONCACAF U-20 Championship: 2015
*CONCACAF Olympic Qualifying Championship: 2015

**Mexico**
*CONCACAF Nations League runner-up: 2019–20, 2023–24; third place: 2022–23

**Individual**
*CONCACAF U-20 Championship Golden Boot (Shared): 2015
*CONCACAF U-20 Championship Best XI: 2015
*CONCACAF Olympic Qualifying Championship Golden Ball: 2015
*CONCACAF Olympic Qualifying Championship Best XI: 2015
*CONCACAF Champions League Golden Boot: 2016–17
*CONCACAF Champions League Best Young Player: 2016–17
*Eredivisie Player of the Month: August 2017
*Eredivisie Team of the Season: 2017–18
*UEFA Champions League Breakthrough Team: 2018
*CONCACAF Men's Player of the Year: 2018
*CONCACAF Best XI: 2016, 2017, 2018, 2021
*IFFHS Men's CONCACAF Best XI: 2020, 2021, 2022, 2023
*IFFHS CONCACAF Men's Team of the Decade: 2011–2020
*Eredivisie Team of the Month: August 2024
*MLS All-Star: 2025

## References
## Other websites
*Profile at the SSC Napoli website
* 
* 
* 
*
Radiative transfer

**Radiative transfer** (also called **radiation transport**) is when energy transfers through electromagnetic radiation. Radiation is made through absorption, emission, and scattering. The **equation of radiative transfer** (also called the **radiative transfer equation**, or **RTE**) describes these interactions using math. Equations of radiative transfer are used in many fields of science. These fields can be optics, astrophysics, atmospheric science, and remote sensing. Some of the analytic solutions for the equation exist. These equations are usually only in simpler forms. In more complicated equations, like equations with scattering effects, different methods are required. This article is mostly focused on radiative equilibrium.

## Definitions 
A radiation field is an area of space where electromagnetic radiation exists. Scientists describe this radiation using spectral radiance (sometimes called specific intensity).
Spectral radiance measures the amount of energy that runs through a small amount of area in a certain direction. Radiation can travel in any direction. The energy can move both forward and backward for every direction. The energy in this small piece of area is measured by the time interval, the amount of area the radiation hits,the angle that this radiation hits, and the frequency of the radiation. This can be written using this differential equation:dE_\nu = I_\nu(\mathbf{r},\hat{\mathbf{n}},t) \cos\theta \ d\nu \, da \, d\Omega \, dt is the spectral radiance (the subscript means that the spectral radiance is a function of , or radiation frequency)

*da is the area
*\mathbf{r} is the position
*dt is the time
*d\Omega is the solid angle
*\hat{\mathbf{n}} is the direction
*\theta is the angle between the radiation and the area (the unit vector \hat{\mathbf{n}} makes a perpendicular angle with the area)
*\nu\, to \nu+d\nu\,are the radiation frequencies that the spectral lines are measured at.

The units of spectral radiance are energy/time/area/solid angle/frequency. In MKS units, this is  (watts per square-metre-steradian-hertz).

## Related pages 
* Beer-Lambert law
* Optical depth
* Planck's law

## References 
## Further reading 
* 
* 
* 
* 
* 
* 
* 
* 
*
Félix Sánchez (football manager)

**Félix Sánchez Bas** (born 13 December 1975) is a Spanish football manager. He was recently the head coach of Qatar Stars League side Al Sadd.

Sánchez started as a youth coach for FC Barcelona, before moving to Qatar to join Aspire Academy in 2006. After spending four years as the Qatar U19 manager, he became the manager of the country's senior side.

He helped Qatar to win their first AFC Asian Cup title in 2019, and managed them at the 2022 FIFA World Cup. He also managed Qatar at the 2019 Copa América the 2021 CONCACAF Gold Cup, and the first ever FIFA Arab Cup.

On 11 March 2023, Sánchez became the manager of Ecuador. He left Ecuador after losing in the 2024 Copa América quarter-finals to Argentine on penalties.

## Managerial statistics
## Honours
**Qatar U19**
* AFC U-19 Championship: 2014

**Qatar U23**
* AFC U-23 Championship third place: 2018

**Qatar**
* AFC Asian Cup: 2019

**Al Sadd**
* Qatar Stars League: 2024-25
* Qatar Cup: 2025

## References
## Other websites
*
Moussa N'Diaye (footballer, born 2002)

'''Moussa N'Diaye''' (born 18 June 2002) is a Senegalese professional footballer. He plays as a defender for Belgian First Division A club Anderlecht. He started his career at Barcelona Atlètic in 2020. In 2022, he joined Anderlecht, scoring his first goal on 13 August 2023, in a 1–0 win against Sint-Truiden.

N'Diaye played for Senegal's under-20 team at the 2019 Africa U-20 Cup of Nations and 2019 FIFA U-20 World Cup. In November 2022, he was called up to Senegal's 2022 FIFA World Cup team, to replace the injured Sadio Mané.

## Career statistics
### Club
## Honours
;Individual
* U-20 Africa Cup of Nations Golden Ball: 2019

## References
## Other websites
*
Where the Heart Is (British TV series)

***Where the Heart Is*** is a TV show from the United Kingdom. It aired on ITV from 6 April, 1997 to 10 September, 2006 for 10 seasons and 110 episodes. It was set in Yorkshire.

## Other websites
*
*
Ngangbiton

**Ngangbiton ()** is a character in a Meitei folktale that features Tembalaithak (also known as Temba Laithak). She is described as the daughter of Keirakpa, a minister in her community. Ngangbiton plays an important role in the story, which follows events surrounding her unwanted attention from Temba, her father’s reaction, and the difficult life that follows.

## Background 
Ngangbiton is presented as a young woman known for her beauty. She is the daughter of Keirakpa, who holds the position of minister in the area. Her social position becomes significant because Tembalaithak believes he is too inferior to be accepted as her husband.

## Incident at the river 
In the folktale, Ngangbiton goes to the river with her friends to bathe, even though she usually does not bathe there. At the river, she is confronted by Temba, who grabs her hand and threatens to kill both her and himself. Frightened, she asks him to spare her life. Temba releases her only after she makes a promise to him.

## Aftermath of the incident 
Later, when Temba pretends to be dead inside Keirakpa’s house, Keirakpa blames Ngangbiton for the situation. He scolds her harshly and becomes angry after learning that Temba has escaped. Feeling ashamed because of her father’s reaction, Ngangbiton leaves her home and goes to Temba’s house, where she is welcomed.

Keirakpa, believing that his daughter has died, breaks his earthen cooking pots as a sign of sorrow.

## Life with Temba 
Ngangbiton and Temba live together in poverty. Their financial situation becomes worse over time. Ngangbiton remains with Temba throughout the events of the folktale, including his rise to fame through deception, fortune-telling, and assistance given to different kings.

## Role in the folktale 
Ngangbiton’s role in the story is closely linked to the actions and decisions of Tembalaithak. Her experiences reflect themes of fear, social pressure, family conflict, and the difficult position of women within the narrative. The folktale ends by stating that Ngangbiton lives peacefully with Temba for the rest of her life.

## Related pages 
* List of Meitei folktales
* Thabaton
* Khamnu
* Hayainu
* Haosi Namoinu
* Keibu Keioiba
* Tapta
* Lai Khutsangbi
* Lai Khadang Pandabi
* Yenakha Paodabi
* Pebet
* Kakyen
* Houdong
* Shamu (Meitei culture)
* Tenawa

## References
Mohammed Muntari

opening game.]]
**Mohammed Muntari** (; born 20 December 1993) is a professional footballer. He plays as a striker for Al-Gharafa. Born in Ghana, he plays for the Qatar national team. He played for Qatar at the 2022 FIFA World Cup, and scored their first-ever (and only) FIFA World Cup goal.

## International goals
:''Scores and results list Qatar's goal tally first.''

## Honours
;Al-Duhail
* Qatar Stars League: 2016–17, 2019–20
* Emir of Qatar Cup: 2016, 2019, 2022
* Sheikh Jassem Cup: 2015, 2016

;El-Jaish
* Qatari Stars Cup: 2012–13
* Qatar Cup: 2014

## References
## Other websites
*
*
Kei Onba water

**Kei Onba Water**, also known as **Kei Onba Kom Gi Eshing** (), or **Keioibi Lake**,

## Setting 
The story takes place in a small village over the mountains. A couple lived there happily with their children. They cut a large area of forest and turned it into farmland, making their living by growing crops.

## Forbidden water pit 
One sunny day, the couple was working in their farm. The wife became very thirsty, but there was no water nearby. She asked her husband to let her search for water. He warned her not to go alone, saying:

Despite her husband’s warning, the wife promised not to drink from the pit and went to search for water. She could not find any water except the forbidden pit. At first, she resisted drinking from it, but eventually, she could not control her thirst and drank the water.

## Transformation 
After drinking from the pit, the woman returned to work and did not tell her husband what she had done. Soon, she began to act strangely, showing tiger-like behavior. Her husband realized that she had drunk from the forbidden pit.

The woman regretted her action and confessed to her husband, asking for forgiveness. He accepted, and they finished their work and returned home.

## Life as a tiger 
At home, the woman lived normally during the day. At night, she would leave the house, turn into a tiger, and hunt for prey in the forest. She continued this routine for some time, maintaining her love for her husband and children.

## Conflict with villagers 
One day, villagers found a human carcass in the backyard of the woman’s house. They became scared and suspicious of her. As her tiger-like behavior increased, the villagers decided to expel her from the village.

The woman fully transformed into a tiger and made the forest her home. She often returned to stand near her family’s house, but the villagers chased her away.

## Covered pit 
To protect future generations, the villagers worked together to cover the forbidden water pit. They built a strong fence and warned everyone not to enter the area.

## Moral 
The folktale warns against disobeying rules or doing forbidden things. The woman, who did not listen to her husband, spent the rest of her life as a tiger in the forest.

## Related pages 
* Temba Laithak
* Ngangbiton
* Thabaton

## References
Igor Angelovski

**Igor Angelovski** (; born 2 June 1976) is a North Macedonian football manager and former player. As a player, he  played in the Slovenian First League with Publikum Celje between 1998 and 2000. As a manager, he coached North Macedonia between 2015 and 2021, and managed the team at the 2020 European Championship.

## Managerial statistics
## Honours
### Player
;Cementarnica
*Macedonian Cup: 2002–03
;Pobeda
*Macedonian Cup: 2001–02

### Manager
;Rabotnički
*Macedonian First League: 2013–14
*Macedonian Cup: 2013–14, 2014–15

## References
## Other websites
* 
*
History of writing

The **history of writing** has the development of writing systems and how their use transformed and was transformed by different places. The use of writing social causes effects.

## Terminology 
Writing systems have three things they need. First, writing has some reason to it. Second, writing systems make use of specific symbols which may be recorded. Thirdly, the symbols used in writing generally are the same as elements of spoken language.

## References
Annabelle: Creation

***Annabelle: Creation*** is a 2017 horror movie directed by David F. Sandberg. It serves as a prequel to *Annabelle* (2014) and is part of *The Conjuring* Universe, which includes several interconnected horror movies.

## Plot 
The story revolves around a dollmaker and his wife, who, after the tragic death of their daughter, decide to open their home to a nun and several girls from a shuttered orphanage. However, they soon discover that the dollmaker's possessed doll, Annabelle, has a sinister influence over the girls. The film explores themes of loss, faith, and the battle between good and evil, all set against a backdrop of chilling supernatural occurrences.

## Reception 
*Annabelle: Creation* received generally positive reviews from critics, particularly praising its atmosphere, direction, and effective scares. It is known for its well-crafted tension and strong performances, especially from the child actors.
Annabelle Comes Home

***Annabelle Comes Home*** is an American horror movie released in 2019, and it's part of *The Conjuring* Universe. The movie is directed by Gary Dauberman and serves as the third installment in the *Annabelle* series.

## Plot 
The plot revolves around the haunted doll Annabelle, which is kept in a cabinet in Ed and Lorraine Warren's home. When the Warrens leave their daughter, Judy, with a babysitter for the night, the doll and other supernatural entities in the Warren's artifact collection are unleashed, leading to a night filled with terror.

## Themes 
The movie explores themes of fear, family, and the battle against evil, showcasing the dangers that come from underestimating malevolent forces. It has received mixed reviews from critics but has been appreciated by fans of the genre for its jump scares and suspenseful atmosphere.
Jasper van der Werff

**Jasper van der Werff** (* 9 December 1998 in St. Gallen, Switzerland ) is a Swiss-Dutch football player. He plays for Universitatea Cluj in Romania.
## Career 
Van der Werff began his career at FC St. Gallen. After playing in the club's youth academy, he was promoted to the U-21 squad for the 2016/17 season. He made his debut for the U-21s in October 2016. After more than 20 appearances in the Swiss First League, van der Werff was included in the first-team squad for the first time in February 2018 against BSC Young Boys. That same month, he made his Super League debut, starting in the 22nd matchday of the 2017/18 season against FC Basel.

For the 2018/19 season, he went to Austrian Bundesliga club FC Red Bull Salzburg. Initially he played for the feeder team FC Liefering in the second division. He made  his debut for them in August 2018 against SK Vorwärts Steyr. He made his Bundesliga debut for the first team against TSV Hartberg on 18 August 2018. In the match against SK Sturm  he suffered a serious injury and was sidelined for several months.

In January 2020, he returned to Switzerland and was loaned to FC Basel for a year and a half. For the 2021/22 season, he was loaned out to German second-division side SC Paderborn 07. In May 2022, the German club signed him permanently. Within the league, he was loaned to Hansa Rostock for one season in the summer of 2023.  He suffered relegation to the third division.

After the loan ended, the player left SC Paderborn 07 went to Romanian first division club Universitatea Cluj.
## Honours 
* Austrian Champion: 2019
* Austrian Cup:  2019

## References
SC Neusiedl am See

**Sportclub Neusiedl am See 1919** is a football club from Neusiedl am See in Burgenland, Austria. The club currently plays in the Regionalliga Ost, the third highest division in Austria. Its club colors are green and white.

## History 
SC Neusiedl am See was founded in May 1919 by a group of sports enthusiasts at the Nyikos Inn in Neusiedl , then part of Hungary. The club's most successful period began in the late 1970s. The club worked its way up from the Burgenland lower leagues, winning the Landesliga (State League) title in 1976, the Regionalliga Ost (Regional League East) title in 1980, and finishing fourth in the Second Division in 1982. They were promoted to the Bundesliga  due to an increase in the number of first-division teams. Six teams from the Second Division were promoted that season. SC Neusiedl am See struggled with the high level of the Bundesliga and only managed to finish in 13th place. That season, however, they celebrated one of their greatest achievements with a 2-1 victory over Rapid Wien, then the best team in Austria.

The following season, however, the team failed to secure a single point in the first half of the season and was ultimately eliminated from the Bundesliga with a dismal four points. The club's sporting and financial decline began. In 1989, SC Neusiedl am See narrowly avoided relegation to the lowest division (2nd Class North – Burgenland) of Austrian football. From 1992 onwards, Neusiedl began to improve. In 2004, they finally achieved promotion to the Landesliga (State League). In 2005 they were promoted to the third-tier Regionalliga Ost (Regional League East). After seven years in the Regionalliga, the club was relegated to the Burgenlandliga (Burgenland League) in 2012. They came back in 2014 by finishing second, because SC-ESV Parndorf II was not allowed to promote due to the relegation of the first team from the First League.
### Current squad 
### Coaching staff
## References
Stefan Savic

**Stefan Savic** (* 9 January 1994 in Salzburg) is an Austrian football player who plays as a midfielder for FK Borac Banja Luka in Bosnia and Herzegovina.
## Career 
Stefan Savic began playing football at the age of seven with Lieferinger SV in the Liefering district of Salzburg. In 2005, FC Red Bull Salzburg brought him into their youth academy. He played for the Red Bull Salzburg youth team and made his debut for the reserve team at the age of 16.

After Ricardo Moniz took over as head coach of the first team in April 2011, he immediately noticed Savic and let him train with the squad. Savic made his first appearance on the Salzburg bench in the Europa League qualifier against Liepājas Metalurgs. He made his Bundesliga debut on 21 August  2011  against SK Sturm Graz. He started the match and was substituted at halftime by Christoph Leitgeb.

For the 2012/13 season, he was loaned to FC Liefering. With Liefering, he achieved promotion to the First League. He  turned down a contract extension in order to move to SC Heerenveen in the Netherlands. However, the transfer fell through, even though Savic completed the entire preseason training with Heerenveen. Also a move to SC Cambuur failed. The reason for this was the training compensation fee payable to Red Bull, which Cambuur was unwilling to pay. After six months without a club, he returned to Liefering in January 2014, where he signed a contract until June 2015. After a year at FC Liefering, he moved to LASK during the winter break of the 2014/15 season.

After half a year in Upper Austria, Savic moved to Croatia. He played for  NK Slaven Belupo. During his year and a half at Slaven Belupo, he made 55 appearances in the first league, scoring five goals. In January 2017  he moved to the Netherlands to play for Roda JC Kerkrade. After failing to make a single appearance in the Eredivisie during his six months in the Netherlands, he moved to Slovenia to join NK Olimpija Ljubljana for the 2017/18 season. In his first season in Slovenia, he won the league title with Olimpija Ljubljana.

After three seasons in Slovenia, during which he made 104 appearances in the 1. SNL, he left Ljubljana after the 2019/20 season. He then moved to Poland to join Wisła Kraków. Over two seasons, he made 52 appearances in the Ekstraklasa. Wisła were relegated from the top flight at the end of the 2021/22 season. He left Kraków.

For the 2022/23 season, Savic moved to Turkey. He played for the second-division side Tuzlaspor. He made seven appearances for Tuzla in the TFF 1. Lig before leaving the club in January 2023. He then returned to Poland and joined Warta Poznań. He made a total of 44 appearances for Warta in the Ekstraklasa. Posan was relegated in 2024. Savic moved to Bosnia and Herzegovina to play for FK Borač Banja Luka for the 2024–25 season.
## International 
Stefan Savic played for various Austrian youth national teams from 2009 to 2012.
## Honours 
* 1 × Austrian Champion:  2012
* 1 × Slovenian Championː2018
* 1 × Austrian Cup: 2012
* 1 × Promotion to the 2nd leagueː2013
* 2 × Champion Regionalliga West: 2011, 2013
St Mary's Church, Osterley

'''St Mary's Church, Osterley''' is a Church of England church on Osterley Road in Osterley, London Borough of Hounslow.

Designed by John Taylor the Younger in a Neo-Gothic imitation of the Decorated style, it was funded by Henry Daniel Davies, who built the Spring Grove estate of which it formed a part. In 1855 it was said that when the church was opened it would be "placed at the disposal of an able and evangelical minister" and has remained in that churchmanship ever since. The church opened in 1856 and was assigned a parish taken from the ancient parish of Isleworth later the same year. Young built it in brick with stone facings and with two tiers of windows ready for the addition of galleries, though these were never needed. The church includes stained-glass windows by Heaton, Butler and Bayne.

In 1875 the parish's living was valued at £459. Davies remained patron of the parish for several years, but eventually its advowson passed to the Church Patronage Society around 1897. Notable events include the 1899 marriage of Sofia Dalgairns, future head of the Metropolitan Police's first Women Patrols. The living was valued at £859 net in 1955–1956. In 1959 a new vicar began a Sunday parish communion service at 9:30 whilst continuing matins at 11, at which time the parish's electoral roll totalled 506. It now forms part of the parish of St Mary's with St Luke's, the latter having opened on Kingsley Road as a Sunday school before 1895 before becoming a mission church (a church of lesser status than a parish church) of St Mary's parish. Located in South Osterley.

## References
Maya (religion)

In Hinduism, Maya is a term used to refer illusion. 

Ancestors were buried in houses in this religion.
Mahishasurmardini stotra

The Mahishasuramardini stotra is a Hindu stotra. Comprising 21 verses , the work extols the goddess Durga , a principal aspect of the supreme goddess Mahadevi. And her act of slaying the Asura Mahishasura. 

(Mahishasura Mardini stotra)

religion - Hinduism 

Author- Adi Shankara

Language - Sanskrit 

Verses- 21
Bhavani Ashtaka

The Bhavani Ashtaka is a Hindu hymn dedicated to the goddess Bhavani , an epithet of the Hindu goddess Durga .it was written by the spiritual guru Adi Shankara. It comprises 8 stanzas.

Bhavani Ashtaka;

* Author- Adi Shankara
* Religion- Hinduism
* Language- Sanskrit 
* Verses- 8

description:-

In this hymn,Adi Shankara proclaims Bhavani , a form of the divine mother, to be his only refuge, help, and source of strength.

Hymn:-

The first stanza of the mantra describes the author's veneration of Bhavani.

- Stanza 1 

Na tato na mata na bandhur na data

Na putro na putro na bhrtyo na bharta 

Na  jaya na vidya na vrttir

Mamaiva gatih

Tvam gatih tvam tvameka Bhavani 

English- 

I have neither father nor mother, neither a friend nor a grandson, 

Neither a son nor a daughter, 

Neither a helper nor a husband 

Neither have I a wife, nor any

Learning nor any occupation 

You, Mata Bhavani, you are alone my refuge.
Battle of Pavlograd

**Battle of Pavlograd** was fought between the Italian forces and Soviet Union during Eastern Front of World War II.

## Battle
In early October 1941, after the rapid German advances that captured Poltava, Kiev, and Kharkov, Hitler announced that conditions were ready for a final offensive before winter, but units like the Italian CSIR (Corpo di Spedizione Italiano in Russia) faced major transport shortages and difficult weather. Despite General Messe’s repeated complaints about inadequate support, the German command ordered the CSIR to move northeast of Dnepropetrovsk to protect the flanks of von Kleist’s tank group during its push toward the Sea of Azov. Heavy rains, mud, and limited crossing equipment slowed the Italian divisions “Torino,” “Pasubio,” and “Celere” but they eventually deployed along the Woltschja River. The XX Bersaglieri Battalion eliminated the Ulianovka bridgehead on 8 October, and on 10–11 October German and Italian forces, including the “Garelli column” with the 63rd “Tagliamento” Legion, helped capture Mishritsch and Maurina and destroyed the Soviet Pavlograd bridgehead. After forcing the enemy back beyond the Woltschja, the Italians took over the sector from Pavlograd to Gaitschur, earning praise from General Roetting of the German 198th Division for their effective cooperation and combat performance.

## References
Relayball

**Relayball** is a sport which is a combination of football and basketball, played on basketball courts. It is usually played one on one, with a small basketball. 

## Game play 
Main Concept: 

**Game Length:**

The game consists of two 15 minute halves. The clock will run continuously during the first half and the first 14 minutes of the second half.

Each team will receive one time out per half.

**Team Structure:**

This can be: 

1 vs. 1 - Centers

2 vs. 2 - One Center & One Midfielder

3 vs. 3 - One Center, One Midfielder, & One Goalie.

Any additional players will be considered as a substitute on the team.

## References 
https://www.imleagues.com/spa/sport/8f988824db7f49beafa18cba9290be6e/handbooks

https://www.tallytumbler.com/blogs/news/meet-the-creator-how-relay-ball-is-bringing-fast-paced-fun-to-the-yard-game-world
Province of Maine

The **Province of Maine** existed from 1622-1691 and was one of the thirteen colonies controlled by England before the American Revolutionary War. After the American Revolution, the Province of Maine became part of the new United States of America. The Province of Maine controlled territories of modern-day Maine and New Hampshire. Its first governor was William Gorges from 1636-1638. The last governor was Thomas Danforth who governed from 1689 to 1692.

## References
Adrian Șut

**Adrian Gheorghe Șut** (born 30 April 1999) is a Romanian professional footballer. He plays as a defensive midfielder for Liga I club FCSB and the Romania national team. He was part of Romania's team at UEFA Euro 2024, but did not play any matches.

## Career statistics
### Club
### International
## Honours
;FCSB
*Liga I: 2023–24, 2024–25
* Supercupa României: 2024, 2025

;Individual
*Liga I Team of the Season: 2022–23, 2024–25

## References
## Other websites
*
*FCSB official profile
Second ladies and gentlemen of Colombia

The **second gentleman of Colombia** or ** second lady** (**second gentleman of the nation**) is the title held by the host of the Vice Presidential House. This is usually the wife, husband of partner of the Vice President of Colombia, during the vice president's term in office. Yerney Pinillo is the current second gentleman of Colombia, in role since August 2022 as the partner of Vice President Francia Márquez.

## Origins and role
The second lady or second gentleman is not elected by the people of Colombia. There are no official jobs he or she is officially required to perform and they are not paid for being the second spouse.

They are often involved in political campaigns and managements of the Vice Presidential House. They are involved in participating in social causes and representing with vice president the country at official and ceremonial occasions. They also accompany the vice president on foreign summits and events.

## Office of the Second Spouse
Under Colombian law, the first and second spouses are private citizens, which prevents them from having their own offices and staff. Therefore, the second spouse does not have an office or staff. Instead, they are assisted by the Vice President's staff.

## References
British American Tobacco

**British American Tobacco p.l.c.** (**BAT**) is a large British international corporation that makes and sells cigarettes, tobacco and other nicotine products like electronic cigarettes (vapes). They sell in most areas of the world. The company began in 1902, and is now headquartered in London, England. , it is the second-largest tobacco company in the world based sales. Because of this, it is normally said to be part of Big Tobacco.

## References
Dun dun duuun!

**Dun dun duuun!** is a short three-chord musical phrase that is widely used in media to indicate a moment of surprise. In modern productions, it is often used as a joke effect. There are three main variations of the sting.

An example is heard in *Young Frankenstein*, with the chord progression rising and then falling instead of all three chords falling. This version was used in the 2007 YouTube video Dramatic Chipmunk.
Jartypory

**Jartypory** is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Liw, within Węgrów County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. It was first mentioned as a settlement in 1683.

## References
Jess Mariano

***Jess mariano***   

Jess Mariano, a pivotal character from Gilmore Girls, is known for his sharp wit, brooding intelligence, and unmistakable charm that often masks a deep well of emotional complexity. Introduced as the rebellious nephew of **Luke Danes**, Jess arrives in Stars Hollow with a chip on his shoulder and a stack of books under his arm, immediately setting him apart from the town’s quirky, small-town warmth. His troubled relationship with his absentee parents, particularly his unreliable mother, fuels both his cynicism and his fierce independence, shaping him into someone who pushes others away before they have the chance to disappoint him. Despite this, Jess forms a profound and transformative connection with **Rory Gilmore**, drawn to her curiosity, kindness, and shared love of literature. Over time, he evolves from a defiant teenager into a more grounded, self-aware adult who channels his intelligence into writing and publishing, proving he’s capable of growth even if it comes through hardship. Jess’s journey—marked by missteps, redemption, and a gradual reclaiming of his own potential—remains one of the most compelling arcs in the series, making him a fan favorite for his depth, vulnerability, and the quiet strength he ultimately learns to embrace.

**Jess** **Mariano**, the moody intellectual of **Gilmore Girls**, isn’t just considered attractive by the characters around him—he’s widely regarded by viewers as one of the hottest characters in the entire series. From the moment he arrived in Stars Hollow with his messy dark hair, intense eyes, and trademark smirk, audiences were instantly drawn in. Fans admired not only his looks but also the layered personality beneath them: the book-loving rebel, the emotionally guarded thinker, the guy who seemed tough until you caught glimpses of the softness he tried so hard to hide. His chemistry with Rory only amplified that appeal, transforming him into the classic “bad boy with depth” archetype that television audiences find irresistible. Over the years, as Jess matured, took accountability for his actions, and grew into a more thoughtful and grounded adult, viewers found even more reasons to adore him. To this day, he remains a fan-favorite heartthrob—someone viewers talk about, swoon over, and debate passionately, proving his enduring status as one of TV’s most compelling and attractive characters. And rory and jess (literati) is still the most popular ship
Anatolian Disturbances (1832-1835)

**Anatolian Disturbances (1832–1835)** refers to a series of raids and armed incursions carried out in eastern Anatolia by forces loyal to the Kurdish emir Mir Muhammad of Rawanduz. The disturbances took place shortly after Soran expansion in the early 1830s and affected several Ottoman-controlled districts.

## Background 
Following the consolidation of power in Rawanduz, Mir Muhammad initiated campaigns beyond the mountainous frontier regions. Some Anatolian tribal groups opposed to local Ottoman authority supported these incursions.

## Course of events 
Soran units targeted roads, customs posts, and small Ottoman hubs. Several local garrisons were overwhelmed, and provincial officials requested reinforcements.

Ottoman forces attempted multiple counter-operations but failed to restore full control before 1835.

## Aftermath 
The disturbances ended as the Soran Emirate reached its peak influence. Ottoman centralisation efforts later reversed these gains.

## See also 
* Anatolia
* Muhammad Pasha of Rawanduz
* Soran-Ottoman War (1833–1835)

## References
South Park Rally

***South Park Rally*** is a kart-style racing video game released in early 2000 based on the American animated sitcom *South Park* published by Acclaim Entertainment.
Red Delicious

The **Red Delicious** apple is a red apple with a sweet flavor. In the industry, it is called the "red men". It was first recognized in 1872 in Madison County, Iowa. Despite its name, it has nothing in common with the "Golden Delicious".

Although these "red flavor" varieties are harvested in mid-October, they are available year-round. They can also be part of a cider apple blend. Today, the name "red delicious" includes more than 50 varieties. It was the most widely produced apple variety in the United States from 1968 to 2018. At the same time, it has lost ground in Canada. However, it is still popular in Mexico and some Asian countries.

A 1996 study showed that the cloning of Radicchio was one of the most frequently used varieties to develop new apple varieties, and it was the most frequently used. Along with many new varieties developed in Pacific countries, the "red flavor" variety is the one.

Red Delicious has a powdery equivalent, Glam. Golden Ginger is one, with a golden aroma.

## References
South osterley

South Osterley is in Osterley and Spring Grove Ward and is north of Isleworth and West of Central London, Furthermore, it has many tourist attractions:

St Mary's Church, Osterley

Campion House

Isleworth and Syon School for Boys

Stick Tower, Parkfield,Osterley

## Climate 
It is Slightly Warmer than Mainland Osterley, and has a thamesian climate, it has hot summers and mild winters with rare snow. It is 10°C in January amd around 27°C in July. Here is some data:
Goran Pandev

**Goran Pandev** (, born 27 July 1983) is a former Macedonian professional footballer. He played as a forward for teams like Lazio, Inter Milan, Napoli, and Genoa. While at Inter Milan, Pandev won the treble during the 2009–10 season. He is known as one of the best Macedonian footballers of all time.

Pandev was capped 122 times for North Macedonia, scoring 38 goals. He was part of North Macedonia's team at the 2020 European Championships, and became the second-oldest goal-scorer in the tournament.

On 22 April 2021, he became the first Macedonian footballer to score 100 goals in one of the top five European football leagues. 

## Personal life
Pandev's younger brother, Sashko, is also a footballer. 

## Career statistics 
### Club 
### International
:''Scores and results list North Macedonia's goal tally first, score column indicates score after each Pandev goal''
* Coppa Italia top scorer: 2008–09, 2016–17

## References
## Other websites
* 
* Goran Pandev Fans Community (archived 26 October 2010)
* Official website (GoranPandev.com) (archived 12 September 2007)
Edward Iordănescu

**Edward** "**Edi**" **Marius Iordănescu** ( born 16 June 1978), sometimes known as **Iordănescu Jr.**, is a Romanian professional football manager and former player. He was most recently in charge of Ekstraklasa club Legia Warsaw. As a player, Iordănescu played as a midfielder in Romania, and for Panionios in Greece and Alki Larnaca in Cyprus. He was the manager of Romania at UEFA Euro 2024. He has also coached CSKA Sofia, Astra Giurgiu, CFR Cluj,  and FCSB.

Iordănescu is the son of former Romanian footballer and manager Anghel Iordănescu. He dated Romanian singer-songwriter Delia Matache between 2005 and 2006.

## Career statistics
### Managerial
## Honours
### Player
;Steaua București
*Divizia A: 1995–96
*Cupa României: 1995–96

;Petrolul Ploiești
*Divizia B: 2002–03

### Coach
;Pandurii Târgu Jiu
*Cupa Ligii runner-up: 2014–15

;CFR Cluj
*Liga I: 2020–21
*Supercupa României: 2018, 2020

;Legia Warsaw
* Polish Super Cup: 2025

;Individual
**Gazeta Sporturilor* Romania Coach of the Year: 2023, 2024 
**Gala Fotbalului Românesc* Romanian Coach of the Year: 2021
**Gazeta Sporturilor* Romania Coach of the Month: November 2023

## References
## Other websites
* 
*
Japan Tobacco

(**JT**) is a large Japanese tobacco company. It owns Japan Tobacco International, one of the largest international Big Tobacco product manufacturers in the world. Japan Tobacco started in 1898.

## References
Edwin Schlossberg

**Edwin Arthur Schlossberg** (born July 19, 1945) is an American designer, artist, and author. He is the founder and principal designer of ESI Design. He is the author of eleven books including *Interactive Excellence: Defining and Developing New Standards for the Twenty-first Century*. Schlossberg’s artworks have also appeared in solo exhibitions and museum collections in the United States and around the world.

In 1986, Schlossberg married Caroline Kennedy. They have three children: Rose, Tatiana and Jack.

## References
## Other websites
*
JTI

**JTI** may refer to:

* Japan Tobacco International, an international tobacco company
* Join the Impact, an American LGBT political movement
* *Journal of Japanese Trade & Industry*, now called *Japan Spotlight*
* *Journal of Theological Interpretation*
* Jubail Technical Institute, in Saudi Arabia
* Jungian Type Indicator, a psychometric questionnaire to assess personality types
* University of Virginia Japanese Text Initiative
* Veermata Jijabai Technological Institute, formerly Victoria Jubilee Technical Institute, Mumbai
* Jamalpur Textile Institute, a public textile institute in Bangladesh
Darko Todorovic

**Darko Todorovic** (* 5 May 1997 in Bijeljina) is a Bosnian football player. He plays for Achmat Grosny in the Russian Premjer-League as defender.
## Career 
Todorovic began his career at FK Sloboda Tuzla. In May 2014, he was included in the squad for the first team, then in the second division, for the match against FK Igman Konjic. He finally made his debut in the Premijer Liga in April 2015 against HŠK Zrinjski Mostar. This remained his only appearance that season.

In May 2017, he scored his first Premijer Liga goal in a 3-1 defeat against FK Krupa. In the 2017/18 season, Todorović played in 29 of 32 league games and scored two goals.

For the 2018/19 season  he moved to Austria to  FC Red Bull Salzburg. In July 2019, he was loaned to Holstein Kiel in the German second division. During the loan, he made nine appearances for Kiel in the 2. Bundesliga. For the 2020/21 season, he was loaned to Hajduk Split in Croatia.  By the end of the loan, he had made 26 appearances for Hajduk in the 1. HNL. For the 2021/22 season, he initially returned to Salzburg. Without making any appearances there, the full-back was loaned out for a third time in September 2021, this time to Akhmat Grozny in Russia. In Grozny, he made 17 appearances in the Premier League by the end of the 2021/22 season. In June 2022  he was signed permanently by the  club.
## International 
Todorovic first played for the Bosnian U17 national team in 2013. In 2015, he made his debut for the U19 team. In June 2017, he made his debut for the U21 national team, starting in a European Championship qualifier against Switzerland. He made his debut for the senior national team in January 2018, starting in a friendly against the USA.
## Honours 
* Austrian champion:  2019
* Austrian Cup:  2019

## References
Ziddi Ishq

***Ziddi Ishq*** () is a 2025 Indian Hindi-language drama thriller television series created and directed by Raj Chakraborty. The series premiered on JioHotstar on 21 November 2025.

## Cast 
* Aaditi Pohankar 
* Parambrata Chatterjee 
* Riya Sen 
* Priyanshu Painyuli 
* Shaji Choudhary 
* Barkha Bisht 
* Bibriti Chatterjee 
* Sumeet Vyas 

## Production 
The series was announced on JioHotstar, a remake of the 2019 Bengali film *Parineeta*. Post-production of the series concluded in 2025.

## Reception 
Divya Nair of *Rediff.com* awarded the series 1 stars out of 5 stars. Arpita Sarkar of *OTTPlay* rated the series 2/5 stars.

## References 
## Other websites 
* *Ziddi Ishq* on Disney+ Hotstar
Collisional excitation

When 2 objects collide, energy is transferred. The first object, that initially moves, has kinetic energy. **Collisional excitation** is when the kinetic energy of the moving object is turned into internal energy of the second object. For example, if an electron collides with an atom, the kinetic energy of the electron is transferred into the atom.

## Astronomy
When collisional excitation happens in space, astronomers can observe this. This is because collisional excitation makes spectral lines. These lines are commonly found in planetary nebulae and H II regions.

In these objects, atoms are ionised by photons. These photons come from hot stars in the gas. This process emits electrons (called photoelectrons). Photoelectrons collide with atoms in the gas and excites the atoms. Atoms will eventually go back to their ground state. They usually go back to their ground state in a process called spontaneous emission. When this happens, a photon is emitted. These photons create spectral lines. These spectral lines are recorded by astronomers. These spectral lines are called *collisionally excited lines* (also called CELs).

## References
Hrochův Týnec

**Hrochův Týnec** is a town in Chrudim District in the Pardubice Region of the Czech Republic. About 2,300 people live there. It is  east of Chrudim and  southeast of Pardubice. It has a church called Saint Martin.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Official website
Mulled wine

**Mulled wine**, also known as **spiced wine**, is an alcoholic drink that is common in Europe during the winter. It is  especially served during Christmas markets. Usually it is served hot. Usually, it is made from wine, to wich spices are added. Very often, citrus fruits are also added. The beverage is then heated. Usually, cinnamon, cloves, and star anise are used. Slices of lemon or orange are put in as well.  It is served hot or warm. It is a traditional drink during winter, especially around Christmas. It is usually served at Christmas markets in Europe, primarily in Germany, the Netherlands, the Czech Republic, Austria, Switzerland, Northern Italy, Poland, Slovenia, Croatia, Hungary, Romania, the Nordic countries, the Baltic countries, Great Britain and France. 

Both variants using red wine or white wine are common, the kind of wine varies by region. There are also versions without alcohol.  In the german speaking countries this drink is known as *Glühwein*, in French, it is often call *vin chaud* (literally: hot wine). 

Industrially produced mulled wine often uses poor quality ingredients, with a lot of sugar added, to hide the lower quality.

Mulled wine is simple to prepare, there are many recipes which allow to make it in about half an hour to an hour.

## Origins 
The first record of wine being spiced and heated can be found in Plautus' play *Curculio*, written during the 2nd century BC. The Romans travelled across Europe, conquering much of it and trading with the rest. The legions brought wine and viticulture with them up to the Rhine and Danube rivers and to the Scottish border, along with their recipes.

The Forme of Cury, a medieval English cookery book from 1390, which mentioned mulled wine, says: "Pur fait Ypocras ..." grinding together cinnamon, ginger, galangal, cloves, long pepper, nutmeg, marjoram, cardamom, and grains of paradise ("spykenard de Spayn", rosemary may be substituted). This is mixed with red wine and sugar (form and quantity unstated.

## References
Kamila Beregszásziová

**Kamila Beregszasziova** (born 3 May 1980) is a former Slovak football player. She played as a forward. Between 1996 and 2001, she played **32 matches** and scored **18 goals** for the '''Slovakia women's national team**.

In **2001**, she finished in **20th place'* in the *FIFA Women’s World Player of the Year'' vote. This was the first worldwide FIFA vote made only for women’s football.

## Club career 
Beregszasziova played her whole club career for **Olympia Košice**. She scored **131 goals in 120 league matches** in the Slovak women's league.

She also studied at the Technical University of Košice.

## International career 
Beregszasziova made her senior national team debut on **14 August 1996**, at age 16, in a UEFA Women's Euro qualifying match against Finland.

Between 1996 and 2001, she played 32 international matches and scored 18 goals, including 13 goals in official qualification matches.

During the qualification for the **2003 FIFA Women’s World Cup**, she scored **four goals** in Slovakia’s **7–0 win** over Bosnia and Herzegovina.

## Statistics 
## Honours 
* **20th place** – *FIFA Women’s World Player of the Year 2001*

## External links 
* https://futbalsfz.sk/ – Slovak Football Association
* https://www.uefa.com/ – UEFA
* https://www.worldfootball.net/ – Player statistics
* https://int.soccerway.com/ – Soccerway
* https://web.archive.org/ – FIFA archives

## References
Pilot error

In aviation**, pilot error** generally refers to an action or decision made by a pilot that is a substantial contributing factor leading to an aviation accident. It also includes a pilot's failure to make a correct decision or take proper action. Errors are intentional actions that fail to achieve their intended outcomes. The Chicago Convention defines the term "accident" as "an occurrence associated with the operation of an aircraft [...] in which [...] a person is fatally or seriously injured [...] *except when the injuries are [...] inflicted by other persons."* Hence the definition of "pilot error" does not include deliberate crashing (and such crashes are not classified as accidents).

The causes of pilot error include psychological and physiological human limitations. Various forms of threat and error management have been implemented into pilot training programs to teach crew members how to deal with impending situations that arise throughout the course of a flight.

Accounting for the way human factors influence the actions of pilots is now considered standard practice by accident investigators when examining the chain of events that led to an accident.
Leptodactylus ventrimaculatus

The **spotted-venter thin-toed frog**, **Bulun white-lipped frog**, **spotted-vented thin-toed frog**, **rana terrestre mugidora **, or **rana dedilarga de vientre punteado** (*Leptodactylus ventrimaculatus*) is a frog.  It lives in Colombia, Peru, and Ecuador. Scientists think it might also live in Bolivia.

## Body
The adult male frog is 47.9–55.4 mm long from nose to rear end and the adult female frog is 44.8–59.3 mm long. The skin of the frog's back can have cream-yellow color and dark brown marks. The sides of the body can be dark brown, red-brown, or light rbown. There are some marks over the eyes.

## Home
These frogs are awake at night. These frogs live in forests near streams. It can also live in places that human beings have changed, for example places where cows eat grass and forestst that were cut down and are growing back. Scientists saw the frog as high as 1400 meters above sea level.

## Young
The frogs put their eggs on low plants. The tadpoles swim in water.

## Danger
Scientists from the IUCN say this frog is not in danger of dying out. It is good at living in places where human beings have cut down the trees.

## References
Altria

**Altria Group, Inc.** (was called **Philip Morris Companies, Inc.** until 2003) is a large, American tobacco corporation. It one of the world's largest tobacco companies and is sometimes thought to be part of Big Tobacco. Its headquarters is in Richmond, Virginia, U.S.

## References