open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince (movie)

***Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince*** is a 2009 fantasy movie directed by David Yates. It is based on J. K. Rowling's 2005 novel of the same name. The movie, which is the sixth one in the *Harry Potter* movie series. 

It stars Daniel Radcliffe as Harry Potter, alongside Rupert Grint and Emma Watson as Harry's best friends Ron Weasley and Hermione Granger. 

With a budget of $250 million, it is one of the most expensive movies ever made. At the time, it was the most expensive movie in the *Harry Potter* movie series.

## Plot 
Lord Voldemort gives Draco Malfoy the task of killing Professor Dumbledore. Draco's mother, Narcissa makes a deal with Severus Snape that he must kill Dumbledore if Draco cannot. Meanwhile, Harry Potter and Dumbledore recruit Professor Slughorn to work as the new potions teacher at Hogwarts school.

As the school year begins, Harry's friend Ron Weasley falls in love with Lavender Brown, making Hermione Granger upset. Harry finds a potions and spellbook written by a former Hogwarts student who called themselves the "Half-Blood Prince". A half-blood is a wizard who has one magical parent and one non-magical parent. Pure-bloods have two magical parents while muggle-borns have two non-magical parents. Voldemort wants rid of all wizards who are not pure-bloods.

Dumbledore and Harry look into Professor Slughorn's memories and find out that Slughorn taught Voldemort when he was at school. Slughorn told Voldemort about Horcruxes, objects which an evil wizard can put his soul inside of so he can be immortality. Dumbledore realises that Voldemort has been using Horcruxes to survive after death. Two of them have already been destroyed.

Harry and Dumbledore go on a mission to retrieve another Horcrux. They are successful and return to Hogwarts. Draco Malfoy uses a magical cabinet to let a group of Death Eaters into the school. Draco and the Death Eaters corner Dumbledore but Draco cannot kill him. Snape arrives and kills Dumbledore. Snape reveals to Harry that he is the Half-Blood Prince. Harry, Ron and Hermione agree to leave Hogwarts to search for the remaining Horcruxes.

## References
Younger Dryas

The **Younger Dryas** (around 12,900 to 11,700 years ago) was a cold period. It reversed the gradual climatic warming which started around 20,000 years ago. 

 (LGM). There were very low temperatures for the most part of the Younger Dryas, rapidly rising afterwards to reach the level of the warm Holocene. This is based on Greenland ice cores.]]

At this time there was a sharp fall in temperature over most of the Northern Hemisphere.  This occurred at the end of the Pleistocene epoch and just before the present, warmer, Holocene epoch. 

The last glacial maximum (LGM) was about 27,000 to 24,000 years ago. The Younger Dryas was the most recent and longest of several interruptions to the gradual warming of the Earth's climate. The change was relatively sudden, and it resulted in a decline of temperatures in Greenland by 4 to 10&nbsp;°C (7.2 to 18&nbsp;°F) Glaciers and dry conditions spread over much of the temperate Northern Hemisphere. It may have been caused by a large amount of fresh, cold water moving from North America to the Atlantic.

The Younger Dryas was a period of climatic change. The effects were complex and variable. In the Southern Hemisphere and some areas of the Northern Hemisphere, such as southeastern North America, a slight warming occurred.

## References
Isolation center (Belarus)

**Isolation centers** in Belarus are prisons where people are held in rooms alone for some time.

The Belarusian "isolation centers" became very known as part of the 2020 Belarusian protests after 2020 Belarusian presidential election. The government and Alexander Lukashenko let punishments on protesters be done. People have been moved in isolation centers. There have been news on bad handling of people and torture in isolation centers. The most known isolation center is Okrestina.
## References
Mérida, Yucatán

**Mérida** () is the capital and largest city in the Yucatán state in Mexico. It is also the largest city of the Yucatán Peninsula.

## References
The Eve of St. Mark

***The Eve of St. Mark*** is a 1944 American World War II fantasy movie directed by John M. Stahl and was based on the 1942 play of the same name by Maxwell Anderson. It stars Vincent Price, Harry Morgan, Ruth Nelson, Anne Baxter and was distributed by 20th Century Fox.

## Other websites
* 
*
Bart vs. Itchy & Scratchy

"**Bart vs. Itchy & Scratchy**" is the 18th episode of the thirtieth season of the American animated sitcom *The Simpsons*, and the 657th episode overall. It aired in the United States on Fox on March 24, 2019.
Reactionary

A **reactionary** or **reactionist** is a person or organization that is against social progress and wants society to return to the old way of doing things.

The word reactionary comes from the word "reaction," which describes movement in the opposite direction. In this case, reactionary beliefs and actions are opposed to the direction of social progress.

Some parts of right-wing politics is based on reactionary thinking and a wish to return to the way things were. 

The words **counter-revolutionary** or **anti-revolutionary** are sometimes used instead of the word reactionary.

## History
The word reactionary was first used during the French Revolution. The *réactionnaires* were people who wanted France to return to a monarchy.

### 20th century
In the 20th century, socialists and communists used the word reactionary to describe their enemies. In Marxist thinking, a reactionary is someone who supports causes like feudalism, capitalism, fascism, nationalism, or any other cause opposed to social reform and revolution.

### 21st century 
Reactionary politics is still influential in politics. There are many people and political parties who have opinions that can be seen as reactionary because they want to go back to the old ways. For example, Donald Trump can be considered a reactionary politician.

## References
Martin Lambie-Nairn

**Martin John Lambie-Nairn** (5 August 1945 – 25 December 2020) was an English designer and animator. He was the founder of Lambie-Nairn. He was known for creating the original Channel 4 logo. He was born in Croydon.

Lambie-Nairn died on 25 December 2020, aged 75.

Lambie-Nairn also animating the title sequence for British comedy TV series *Mind Your Language*.

Lambie-Nairn also designed the idents and the commercial bumpers of the masked troubadour for the Swiss-Italian TV channel TSI.

Lambie-Nairn held an Honorary Doctor of Arts from the University of Lincoln, and was a Visiting Professor at the Faculty of Art, Architecture and Design. He also held an Honorary Doctor of Arts from the University of Northampton.

## Bibliography
**Brand Identity for Television With Knobs On*, Phaidon Press, 1997 

## References
## Other websites
*National Portrait Gallery Sitting
*
Fabinho (footballer, born 1993)

**Fábio Henrique Tavares** (born 23 October 1993), known as **Fabinho** (), is a Brazilian professional footballer who plays as a defensive midfielder for Saudi Pro League club Al-Ittihad and the Brazil national team.

## Career statistics
### Club
### International
## Honours
**Monaco**
*Ligue 1: 2016–17
*FA Cup: 2021–22
*EFL Cup: 2021–22
*FA Community Shield: 2022 
*UEFA Champions League: 2018–19; runner-up: 2021–22
*UEFA Super Cup: 2019

**Brazil**
*Copa América runner-up: 2021

**Individual**
*UEFA Champions League Team of the Season: 2021–22

## References
Humoresque (movie)

***Humoresque*** is a 1946 American romantic drama movie directed by Jean Negulesco and is the second adaption of the 1919 short story of the same name by Fannie Hurst. It stars Joan Crawford, John Garfield, Oscar Levant, Joan Chandler, Peggy Knudsen, Paul Cavanagh and was distributed by Warner Bros.. It was nominated for an Academy Award in 1947.

## Other websites
* 
* 
* 
*
EcuRed

**EcuRed** is a Cuban online encyclopedia. Some people have called it the "Cuban Wikipedia". It was launched in 2010. As of now, it has over 200,000 articles.

## About
EcuRed is short for ***E**nciclopedia **Cu**bana en la **Red*** (Spanish for "Cuban encyclopedia on the Web"). The website is in Spanish.

EcuRed says that its goal "is the accumulation and development of knowledge with a non-profit, pro-democracy aim from a decolonizing point of view".

Articles on EcuRed are written from a Cuban point of view. For example, EcuRed's article about the United States said it had historically taken "territory and natural resources from other nations by force, to put at the service of its businesses and monopolies", and the George W. Bush article says that he continues a family tradition of corruption, deceit and intrigue.

## References
Pramod Sawant

**Pramod Pandurang Sawant** (born 24 April 1973) is an Indian politician. He is the current Chief Minister of Goa.
Sawant represents the Sanquelim constituency in the Goa Legislative Assembly. He is a member of the Bharatiya Janata Party.

He is an Ayurveda Medical practitioner by profession.
He was serving as the speaker of the Goa assembly before being sworn in as Chief Minister. After the death of the sitting chief minister Manohar Parrikar, he became chief minister of Goa.

## References
Jean Graetz

**Jean Graetz** (born **Jean Ellis**; December 24, 1929 – December 16, 2020) was an American civil rights activist. She and her clergyman husband Robert Graetz were well known white supporters of the Montgomery bus boycott in 1955. Graetz was born in East Springfield, Pennsylvania. 

Graetz died of lung cancer in Montgomery, Alabama on December 16, 2020 at the age of 90.

## References
Springfield Township, Erie County, Pennsylvania

**Springfield Township** is a township in Erie County, Pennsylvania, United States. About 3,076 people lived here at the 2020 census.

## References
Leg before wicket

**Leg before wicket** (**LBW**) is one way a batsman can get out in cricket. There must be an appeal to the umpire at the bowler's end, and he makes the decision.

LBW happens when the ball touches a batsman's body before it touches the bat or a hand/glove holding the bat, and the ball would otherwise have hit the wicket. 

Leg before wicket first appeared in the laws of cricket in 1774, as batsmen began to use their pads to prevent the ball hitting their wicket.

## Definition
The definition of leg before wicket (lbw) is currently Law 36 in the Laws of Cricket, written by the Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC). If the bowler delivers a no-ball — an illegal delivery — the batter cannot be out lbw under any circumstances. 

Otherwise, for the batter to be adjudged lbw, the ball, if it bounces, must hit the pitch in line with or on the off side of the wickets. For a right-handed batsman, the off side is the right-hand side of the pitch when viewed from his perspective. For a left-handed batsman, the off side is the left-hand side. Then the ball must strike part of the batsman's body without first touching his/her bat, In the Laws of Cricket, the batsman's bat is considered to include the hand or hands holding it. in line with the wickets and have been going on to hit the stumps. 

The batter may also be out lbw if, having made no attempt to hit the ball with their bat, they are struck outside the line of off stump by a ball that would have hit the wickets. The umpire must assume that the ball would have continued on the same trajectory after striking the batter, even if it would have bounced before hitting the stumps.

## Instant replay 
Sometimes video replay and other technologies are used to decide if a batter is out LBW. For example, heat-tracking ("Hot Spot") can visually show when the ball has hit the bat or part of the batter's body, audio-tracking ("Snickometer") can show if there is a slight sound from the impact of the ball, and advanced simulations ("Hawkeye") can predict where the ball would have gone after impact with the batter's body if the batter had not been there.

## References
Forman, North Dakota

**Forman** is a city in Sargent County, North Dakota, United States. It is the county seat of Sargent County. About 509 people lived here at the 2020 census.

## References
Lyle Hanson

**Lyle L. Hanson** (May 11, 1935 – December 23, 2020) was an American politician and educator. He was a member of the Democratic Party. Hanson was a member of the North Dakota House of Representatives, representing the 12th district from 1979 to 2013. Hanson was born in Sargent County, North Dakota.

Hanson died on December 23, 2020 in Jamestown, North Dakota, aged 85.

## References
Geoff Stephens

**Geoffrey Stephens** (1 October 1934 – 24 December 2020) was an English songwriter and record producer. His single "Winchester Cathedral" won him the 1967 Grammy Award for Best Contemporary (R&R) Recording. He was born in London. Other best known singles were "Sorry Suzanne", "Daughter of Darkness" and "You Won't Find Another Fool Like Me".

Stephens died on 24 December 2020 at the age of 86.

## References
Tomás Irribarra

**Tomás Edison Irribarra de la Torre** (19 May 1935 &ndash; 25 December 2020) was a Chilean politician and lawyer. He was a member of the Radical Party of Chile. Irribarra was born in Quirihue, Chile. He was a member of the Chamber of Deputies from 1969 to 1973 and Mayor of Quirihue from 1992 to 1996 and again from 2008 to 2012.

Irribarra died on 25 December 2020 in Quirihue at the age of 85.

## References
Progressive bulbar palsy

**Progressive bulbar palsy** (**PBP**) is a medical condition. It is a type of motor neuron disease. PBP is a disease that attacks the nerves in the bulbar muscles. They make the cerebral cortex, spinal cord, brain stem, and pyramidal tracts weaker.

## References
Quirihue

**Quirihue** () is a Chilean city in Quirihue, Itata Province, Ñuble Region.

It is about 72 kilometers northwest of Chillán and 410 km southwest of Santiago.

## References
Florentino Domínguez Ordoñez

**Florentino Domínguez Ordoñez** (16 October 1962 &ndash; 27 December 2020) was a Mexican politician. He was a member of the Institutional Revolutionary Party. In 2014, he became a member of the Mexican Chamber of Deputies representing Tlaxcala. He was born in Chiautempan, Tlaxcala.

Domínguez Ordoñez died during the COVID-19 pandemic in Mexico on 27 December 2020 at the age of 58.

## References
Manteo, North Carolina

**Manteo** () is a town in Dare County, North Carolina, United States. It is in Roanoke Island. 1,600 people lived here at the 2020 census. It is the county seat of Dare County.

## References
Roberto Junguito

**Roberto Junguito Bonnet ** (1943 – 27 December 2020) was a Colombian politician. He was Minister of Agriculture and Rural Development from 1983 to 1984 and Minister of Finance and Public Credit from 1984 to 1985 and again from 2002 to 2003. He was born in Bogotá.

Junguito was the Ambassador to the European Union from 1983 to 1984 and of France from 1986 to 1987.

Junguito died on 27 December 2020 in Bogotá, aged 77.

## References
Football League Third Division North

The **Third Division North** was the 3rd division of the English football league system between 1921 to 1958. It ran along with the Third Division South, with clubs being either elected to the League or relegated from a higher division allocated to either league based on their geographical location. Some clubs in the English Midlands shuffled between the Third Division North and the Third Division South based on the composition of the two leagues.

Its final season was the 1957–58 season. After that season, the North and South sections were merged to form the Third Division and the Fourth Division.

## Founding clubs
*Accrington Stanley
*Ashington
*Barrow
*Chesterfield
*Crewe Alexandra
*Darlington
*Durham City
*Grimsby Town
*Halifax Town
*Hartlepools United
*Lincoln City
*Nelson
*Rochdale
*Southport
*Stalybridge Celtic
*Stockport County
*Tranmere Rovers
*Walsall
*Wigan Borough
*Wrexham

## Champions
## Related pages
* Football League Third Division South
* Football League Third Division
Cy McClairen

**Jack Forsyth "Cy" McClairen**  (March 2, 1931 &ndash; December 28, 2020) was an American football player and coach.  He played professionally as an end for the Pittsburgh Steelers of the National Football League (NFL) from 1955 to 1960. McClairen was born in Panama City, Florida. 

McClairen died on December 28, 2020 in Daytona Beach, Florida at the age of 89.

## References
Othón Cuevas Córdova

**Othón Cuevas Córdova** (2 July 1965 – 28 December 2020) was a Mexican politician. He was a member of the Party of the Democratic Revolution. In 2006, he was elected to the Mexican Chamber of Deputies representing Oaxaca. He left congress in 2009. Cuevas Córdova was born in Oaxaca, Mexico.

Cuevas Córdova died on 28 December 2020 in Mexico City from COVID-19 at the age of 55

## References
Headington Shark

**The Headington Shark** is a sculpture on the top of a house. It is at 2 New High Street, Headington, Oxford. The sculpture is a shark breaking the roof of the house. Its proper name is ***Untitled 1986***.

## About the sculpture 
The shark was first put on the house on 9 August 1986. The house is owned by a radio presenter, Bill Heine. The sculpture is 4 long hundredweight and 25 feet long. It is made of painted fibreglass. It took 3 months to make the shark.

The statue was put together on the 41st anniversary of the bombing of Nagasaki. It was designed by John Buckley. Anton Castiau made the sculpture. Heine said that the shark is "saying something about CND, nuclear power, Chernobyl and Nagasaki".

On 26 August 2016, Heine's son Magnus Hanson-Heine bought the house. He bought it so that the shark can stay on top of the house.

## Controversy 
The shark started controversy when it was first put on the house. Oxford City Council wanted the shark removed from the house because it was not safe for the people living near. There were no planning permissions for the shark. In 1992,  Tony Baldry from the Department of the Environment said that the shark can stay on the house because it does not cause any problems.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Headington Shark website
Nolan Mettetal

**Henry Nolan Mettetal** (November 19, 1945 – December 28, 2020) was an American politician. He was a member of the Republican party. Mettetal was member of the Mississippi House of Representatives from 2012 to 2020. He also was a member of the Mississippi Senate from 1996 to 2012. Mettetal was born in Baton Rouge, Louisiana.

Mettetal died of COVID-19 on December 28, 2020 at a hospital in Oxford, Mississippi at age 75.

## References
Mageina Tovah

*, 2007]]
**Mageina Tovah Begtrup** (born July 26, 1979) is an American actress. She played Glynis Figliola in the TV series *Joan of Arcadia'' (2003–2005) and Ursula Ditkovich in the final two movies of Sam Raimi's *Spider-Man* trilogy (2004–2007).

Tovah was born in Honolulu, Hawaii. She grew up in Tennessee. She is Jewish.

## Other websites
*
COVID-19 pandemic in Antarctica

The **COVID-19 pandemic in Antarctica** is part of the worldwide pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 () caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (). 

Antarctica was the last continent to have confirmed cases of COVID-19 and was one of the last regions of the world affected by the pandemic. 

The first cases were reported in December 2020, almost a year after the first cases of COVID-19 were seen in China. 

## References
Jaan Rääts

**Jaan Rääts** (15 October 1932 &nbsp;– 25 December 2020) was an Estonian composer. He worked on movie scores in the 1960s and 1970s. He became a member of the Estonian Composer's Union in 1957. He was born in Tartu, Estonia. He composed the movie scores for *Ohtlikud mängud* (1974) and *Aeg elada, aeg armastada* (1976).

Rääts died on 25 December 2020 in Tallinn, Estonia at the age of 88.

## References
Carencro, Louisiana

**Carencro** (; historically ) is a small city in Lafayette Parish, Louisiana, United States. It is a suburb of Lafayette. 9,272 lived here at the 2020 census.

## References
Vic Stelly

**Victor Theodore Stelly** (January 11, 1941 – December 26, 2020) was an American politician and businessman. He was a member of the Republican Party. Stelly was born in Carencro, Louisiana. From 1988 to 2004, he was a member of the Louisiana House of Representatives.

Stelly died on December 26, 2020 in Lake Charles, Louisiana from problems caused by COVID-19 at the age of 79. His wife, Terry Bass, died hours after him from the same infection.

## References
Nora Arnezeder

**Nora Arnezeder** (born 8 May 1989) is a French actress and singer. She played the lead role in the 2013 drama *Angélique*.

In 2012, Arnezeder appeared in the movie *Safe House*. In the same year she appeared in role of Celia in *The Words*.

## References
Calum Worthy

**Calum Worthy** (born January 28, 1991) is a Canadian actor, writer, and producer. He played Dez on the Disney Channel series *Austin & Ally*, Alex Trimboli in the Netflix series *American Vandal*, Nicholas Godejohn in the Hulu series *The Act*, and himself in *The Coppertop Flop Show*.

## References
The Act (TV series)

***The Act*** is an American true crime drama television series that was made by Hulu. The series had eight parts, the first episode was released on March 20, 2019. The final episode came out on May 1, 2019.

The show is about the real life story of Gypsy Blanchard and the murder of her mother, Dee Dee Blanchard. Dee Dee abused her daughter Gypsy by lying about her age, faking medical illnesses about Gypsy and physically tying her up.

Joey King played Gypsy and Patricia Arquette played her mother, Dee Dee Blanchard. AnnaSophia Robb, Chloë Sevigny, and Calum Worthy also star.

## References
Haugesund

**Haugesund** is a town within the Municipality of Haugesund, and is the capital of the municipality. It is within the Rogaland county in the country of Norway. It had a population of roughly 32,000 (42,000 including all of the suburbs) as of January 2020. The "birthplace of Norway", as it is called, Avaldsnes, is approximately 8.5km away from the town. The town is named after the nearby Haugesundet strait which is close to the town.

The residents of the town are nicknamed "*Måke*" (Seagulls), especially those who live in the east side of the town and support the local soccer team.

## Tourist attractions 
Here is a list of tourist attractions which can be found within the town:

• (Natural attraction) The Haraldsvang hiking area. It is quite close to the Skelsvannet lake. 

• (Natural attraction) The Skelsvannet lake is good for fishing, and you could be able to find some fish that are from the region. It would also be good for birdwatching, mostly seagulls which are commonly found in Haugesund.

• There is a North Sea cycling route which runs through, which would be good for cyclists

• Haugesund also has an airport (HAU) for people who like planespotting.

• Haugesund also hosts the Norwegian International Film Festival, and the "*Slidajazz"* festival in August every year.

## Sports in Haugesund 
Haugesund is home to the soccer club Haugesund FK (FKH), who currently play in the Eliteserien, the highest tier in Norwegian soccer (20/21 season).

## Municipal council 
The municipal council () of Haugesund is made up of 49 representatives that are elected every four years. The government is located at the Haugesund City Hall.

The mayor, Nils Konrad Bua, is elected until late 2027.

## International relations 
Haugesund is a sister city with the following places:

*  Søllerød, Hovedstaden, Denmark
*  Ystad, Skåne, Sweden

## Gallery of images 

Rathaus Haugesund.jpg|The city hall, designed by Gudolf Blakstad and Herman Munthe-Kaas
Haugesundsgate.JPG|Common street in Haugesund
Haugesund2.jpg|left|Haugesund from the Risøy bridge
Risøybrua sett fra Risøy.jpg|Risøybrua seen from Risøy. Photo: Knut Arne Gjertsen
Haugesund1.jpg|Haugesund docks, with bridge to Risøy

## Related pages
*List of mayors in Norway that are elected until 2027

## References
Battle of Monmouth

The **Battle of Monmouth** or **Battle of Monmouth Courthouse** was a battle of the American Revolutionary War. It was fought on June 28, 1778 in Monmouth, New Jersey. The British army retreated, but neither side won.  Monmouth was the longest battle between the main Continental Army and the main British Army.

## Battle
Four days earlier, the leaders of the Continental Army (the Americans) met.  Some wanted to fight the British army head-on and some did not.  Most of the leaders decided to fight small battles and win slowly.

General George Washington and General Charles Lee led the Continental Army to Englishtown.  There, Washington ordered the army to attack British General Sir Henry Clinton's army.  During the battle, Lee ordered his own Continental troops to retreat.  Washington became angry  About 100 people fell or died from heatstroke.  George Washington's horse also died of heatstroke.

June 28 was a very hot day.  Mary Ludwig Hayes brought water to her husband and other gunners during the battle many times.  One time, she brought water and found her husband had been shot and injured.  She took over his job as gunner.  People gave her the nickname "Molly Pitcher."  There may have been more than one real-life woman who was given the name "Molly Pitcher."

Nathanael Greene and the Marquis de Lafayette also fought in this battle.

## Weapons
Both armies had muskets.  The Highland Scots in the British army also had broadswords.  The British and the German soldiers had bayonets, long blades attached to the ends of the muskets.  The Continental army had been trying to get bayonets.  Some of the Virginia troops had rifled firearms.

This was the first time the Continental army used the tactics and training they had learned at Valley Forge from then-Acting Inspector General Friedrich Wilhelm von Steuben.

## Outcome
General Lee asked to be court-martialed for his actions in this battle.  He was sentenced to one year suspension.

After the Battle of Monmouth, the war moved to the South.

## Today
Reenactors reenact the battle at Monmouth Battlefield State Park in Freehold, New Jersey.

## References
Langbian Plateau frog

The **Langbian Plateau frog ** or **Chantaburi Stream frog** (*"Hylarana" montivaga*) is a frog from Vietnam and Thailand. Scientists think it may also live in Cambodia and Laos.

## References
Peter Schmidhuber

**Peter Schmidhuber** (15 December 1931 &ndash; 26 December 2020) was a German politician. He was a member of the CSU party. Schmidhuber was born in Munich. He was a member of the Munich city council from 1960 to 1966. From 1965 to 1969 and again from 1972 to 1978, he was a member of the Bundestag.

Schmidhuber also held many political posts in the European Union during the Jacques Delors commission.

Schmidhuber died on 26 December 2020 in Munich at the age of 89.

## References
George Hudson (footballer)

**George Anthony Hudson** (14 March 1937 &ndash; 28 December 2020) was an English professional footballer. He born in Manchester, England. He played as a centre forward in the Football League. His career lasted from 1958 to 1970.

Hudson played for the Blackburn Rovers, Accrington Stanley, Peterborough United, Coventry City, Northampton Town, Tranmere Rovers and Altrincham.

Hudson died on 28 December 2020 at the age of 83.

## Honours 
* Coventry City Hall of Fame

## References
Marc Basnight

**Marc Basnight** (May 13, 1947 – December 28, 2020) was an American politician and businessman. He was a member of the Democratic Party. Basnight was born in Manteo, North Carolina. From 1985 to 2011, he was a member of the North Carolina Senate. From 1993 to 2011, he was President pro tempore of the state senate.

Basnight died on December 28, 2020 in Manteo from problems caused by progressive bulbar palsy at the age of 73.

## References
Luis Enrique Mercado

**Luis Enrique Mercado Sánchez** (19 January 1952 – 28 December 2020) was a Mexican journalist and politician. He was a member of the National Action Party. From 2009 to 2012 he was Deputy of the Mexican Congress representing Zacatecas.

He began his career as a journalist for *El Universal* and founded *El Economista* in 1988.

Mercado died from COVID-19 during the COVID-19 pandemic in Mexico on 28 December 2020 at the age of 68.

## References
Anubias

***Anubias*** is a genus of tropical plants in the family Araceae. Members of this genus are popular as aquarium plants. Because of the often shady places where the plants grow, the genus was named after the Egyptian god Anubis, the god of the afterlife. Besides A. afzelii, the genus has the following species:  *A. barteri, A. gigantea, A. gilletii, A. gracilis, A. hastifolia, A. heterophylla*, and *A. pynaertii*.

## References
Saracen

**Saracens** () were Arab Muslims during the Middle Ages. 

In the early centuries of the Common Era, Greek and Latin writings used the term to talk about the people who lived in desert areas in and near the Roman province of Arabia Petraea, and in Arabia Deserta. 

The oldest known source mentioning *Saracen* dates to the 7th century.

## References
Kasthuri

***Kasthuri*** is an Indian Telugu language soap opera serial that originally airing on Star Maa from December 11, 2017 to March 27, 2021. 

The plot revolves around the life of a female doctor. She is happily serving the needy and another doctor falls in love with her. The story is about the romantic life of the couple after marriage and the challenges they face in life together.

It stars Nagarjun Ballappa and Aishwarya Pisse in lead roles.
Mole (espionage)

In espionage jargon a **mole** ("deep cover agent", or "sleeper") is a long-term spy. 

The spy is recruited *before* having access to secret intelligence. Later, if he gets into the target organization, he or she becomes active. 

However, it is popularly used to mean any long-term clandestine spy or informer in an organization, government or private. In police work, a mole is an undercover law-enforcement agent who joins an organization in order to collect incriminating evidence about its operations, and so bring its members to justice.

The term was introduced to the public by British spy novelist John Le Carré in his 1974 novel *Tinker, Tailor, Soldier, Spy*.

## References
Lambert of Italy

**Lambert** (c. 880 – 15 October 898) was the King of Italy from 891, Holy Roman Emperor, co-ruling with his father from 892, and Duke of Spoleto and Camerino (as Lambert II) from his father's death in 894. 

He was the son of Guy III of Spoleto and Ageltrude, born in San Rufino. He was the last ruler to issue a capitulary in the Carolingian tradition.

## References
Arnulf of Carinthia

**Arnulf of Carinthia** ( 850 – December 8, 899) was the duke of Carinthia who removed his uncle, Emperor Charles the Fat from power. He was the disputed King of Italy from 894 and the disputed Holy Roman Emperor from February 22, 896 until his death at Regensburg, Bavaria.

## References
Lean on Me (movie)

***Lean on Me*** is a 1989 American biographical drama movie written by Michael Schiffer, directed by John G. Avildsen and starring Morgan Freeman.

*Lean on Me* is based on the story of Joe Louis Clark, a real life high school principal in Paterson, New Jersey. The school is at risk of being taken over by the New Jersey state government unless students improve their test scores on the New Jersey Minimum Basic Skills Test. 

This movie's title is based on the 1972 Bill Withers song of the same name.

## Other websites
*
Marcus D'Amico

'''Marcus D'Amico'* (4 December 1965 – 16 December 2020) was an German-born British actor. He was best known for his role as Michael "Mouse" Tolliver in the 1993 *Tales of the City'' miniseries. He was born in Frankfurt, Germany. 

D'Amico died on 16 December 2020 at the age of 55.

## References
## Other websites
*
Frederik Batti Sorring

**Frederik Batti Sorring**, also known by **FBS**, (May 28, 1955 &ndash; December 21, 2020) was an Indonesian politician. He was a member of the Democratic Party. He was the Regent of North Toraja Regency from 2011 until 2016. He was the first Vice Regent of Asmat Regency in Papua province from 2005 to 2010.

In December 2020, Batti Sorring tested positive for COVID-19. He died from problems of COVID-19 at Grestelina Hospital at the age of 65.

## References
Csaba Ali

**Csaba Ali** (4 November 1946 &ndash; 27 December 2020) was a Hungarian swimmer. He competed in two events at the 1964 Summer Olympics. He was born in Eger, Hungary.

Ali died on 27 December 2020 at the age of 74.

## References
Paul Sueo Hamaguchi

**Paul Sueo Hamaguchi** (1 August 1948 &ndash; 28 December 2020) was a Japanese Roman Catholic bishop. Hamaguchi was born in Oita, Japan. He became a priest in 1975. He was bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Oita, Japan, from 2011 until his death.

Hamaguchi died on 28 December 2020 at the age of 72.

## References
Hatem Ali

**Hatem Ali**  () (2 June 1962 – 29 December 2020) was a Syrian television and movie director and actor. His career began in 1988. He was born in Fiq, Syria. He was known for his television roles in *Al-Taghreba al-Falastenya*, *Salah Al-deen*, and *Omar TV series*.

Ali died on 29 December 2020 in Cairo from a heart attack at the age of 58.

## References
## Other websites
*
Edward Craven Walker

**Edward Craven Walker** (4 July 1918 – 15 August 2000) was a British inventor, who invented the lava lamp. He is also known for being a naturist.

## Work on the lava lamp 
Walker got the idea of a lava lamp from seeing what is now called a "blob light", a mix of oil and water heated by a lightbulb at the bottom. He thought it would look more interesting if the oil was thick enough to form shapes, and spent 10 years trying to make it good.

Eventually, his product was launched in 1963, and Walker's factory soon began production of it as it grew in popularity.

Apparently, Walker once said, "If you buy my lamp, you won't need drugs."

Lava lamps were featured in the sitcom series "Absolutely Fabulous", which some people think helped the lava lamp's popularity, which was declining at the time.

Eventually, as it become less popular in the 1980s, Walker sold the company to Elizabeth Granger. Her company, Mathmos, was one of Britain's fastest growing companies, mostly from the lava lamp. Walker believed the lava lamp would be good for her company.

"I think it will always be popular." he once said. "It's like the cycle of life. It grows, breaks up, falls down, and starts all over again." 

## Naturism 
Walker's interest in nudity began with a visit to the Isle du Levant in the 1950s. He liked the idea, and tried to make it popular. "Eves on Skies" was broadcast in 1958, and "Travelling Light" followed soon after in 1960.

The success of Travelling Light gave Walker the money to buy a nightclub in Bournemouth. He turned it into a nudist resort. He tried to ban overweight nudists from entering, but failed.

"We are all against these fat fogies, it's not what naturism is about," he said

## Death 
Walker was suffering from cancer in the mid and late 1990s, and he eventually died because of it. He died in Ringwood, Hampshire at the age of 82 on the 15th of August 2000.

## References
William Link

**William Theodore Link** (December 15, 1933 – December 27, 2020) was an American screenwriter and producer. He was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Link was known for creating the television programs *Columbo*, *Murder, She Wrote* and *Mannix*. He won two Primetime Emmy Award in 1970 and 1972. 

Link died on December 27, 2020 in Los Angeles from heart failure at the age of 87.

## References
Browser engine

For computers, a **browser engine** (also called a **layout** or **rendering engine**) is a main part of a web browser that is responsible for showing a web page. It is separate from other parts, such as a JavaScript engine.

## Function 
In order to render, or make visible, a web page, it takes a Hyper Text Markup Language document and splits it up into elements. These elements, such as text, links, and images, are placed onto the Document Object Model (DOM), a way of finding the structure of the page. It then takes the Cascading Style Sheets code to tell it where to place the elements from the DOM, as well as other things, such as colors or backgrounds to put around the elements.

## Notable engines 
Some engines that are used include:

* Blink, the engine used in the Google Chrome, Chromium, Microsoft Edge, Opera, and Brave web browsers.
* Gecko, the engine used by the Mozilla Firefox web browser, and the Mozilla Thunderbird email client.
* Webkit, the engine used by Apple Safari, and all browsers for IOS.
Elaine McCoy

**Elaine McCoy**,   (March 7, 1946 — December 29, 2020) was a Canadian politician. She was born in Brandon, Manitoba. McCoy was a member of the Progressive Conservative Party. McCoy was a member of the Legislative Assembly from Alberta from 1986 to 1993. She was the Senator from Alberta from 2005 until her death.

McCoy died on December 29, 2020 in Ottawa, Alberta at the age of 74.

## References
Nikhil Nandy

**Nikhil Nandy** (1932 – 29 December 2020) was an Indian footballer. He competed in the men's tournament at the 1956 Summer Olympics. He played for the national team. He was born in Kolkata, India.

Nandy died on 29 December 2020 in Nagerbazar, India at the age of 88.

## References
Corrado Olmi

**Corrado Olmi** (24 October 1926 – 29 December 2020) was an Italian actor and comedian. He was born in Jesi, Italy. His career lasted from 1956 to 2000. He played Bobino in *Wake Up and Die*, Don Ermino in *Scandal in the Family* and as the Mayor in *Madly in Love*.

Olmi died on 29 December 2020 in Rome from COVID-19 at the age of 93.

## References
Daniel S. Paletko

**Daniel S. Paletko** (December 21, 1950December 29, 2020) was an American Democratic politician. He was born in Dearborn Heights, Michigan. From 2003 to 2004, he was a member of the Michigan House of Representatives. Paletko was Mayor of Dearborn Heights from 2004 until his death.

Paletko died on December 29, 2020 in Dearborn Heights from COVID-19 at the age of 70.

## References
Serafim Papakostas

**Serafim Papakostas** (21 January 1959 – 29 December 2020) was a Greek Orthodox prelate. He was bishop in the Metropolis of Kastoria from 1996 until his death. 

Papakostas died of COVID-19 on 29 December 2020 at the age of 61.

## References
Howard J. Rubenstein

**Howard J. Rubenstein** (February 3, 1932 – December 29, 2020) was an American lawyer and public relations expert. Rudolph Giuliani called him "the dean of damage control". He was known for working with many top New York City officials. His clients included the New York Yankees, News Corporation, Columbia University, the New York Philharmonic, and The Metropolitan Opera.

Rubenstein died on December 29, 2020, at age 88.

## References
Luigi Snozzi

**Luigi Snozzi** (29 July 1932 – 29 December 2020) was a Swiss architect. He was born in Mendrisio, Ticino. From 1962 to 1971, Snozzi worked with architect Livio Vacchini.

From 1982 to 1984, he was a Visiting Professor and in 1985 he was appointed Professor of Architecture at École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne.  Snozzi was a professor of the University of Sassari, at the Faculty of Architecture of Alghero, Sardinia.

Snozzi died in Minusio, Switzerland on 29 December 2020 from COVID-19, at the age of 88.

## References
Arne A. Jensen

**Arne Agnar Jensen** (15 November 1954 – 29 December 2020) was a Norwegian media and corporate executive. He was born in Bergen, Norway. From 1989 to 1993, he was the chief executive of BSB Bates Group. He then became chief executive of TV 2, and then chief executive of the airline Braathens from 1999 until 2001.

He then became chief executive of Merkantildata, later Ementor, from 2001 to 2004.

Jensen died on 29 December 2020 at the age of 66.

## References
Richard Choruma

**Richard Choruma** (23 November 1978 – 29 December 2020) was a Zimbabwean football winger. His career lasted from 1999 to 2011. He made 54 appearances with Bloemfontein Celtic from 2002 to 2006. Choruma played for Highlanders from 1999 to 2002, 2003 to 2004 and 2007 to 2011. He made eight appearances for the national team from 2001 to 2004.

Choruma died on 29 December 2020 in Thembisa, South Africa from kidney failure at the age of 42.

## References
Electronic tagging

]]
There are special electronic devices, that can be permanently attached to a person. These devices are called **electronic tags**. Using wireless or mobile phone networks, it is then possible to monitor where the person is, all the time. The device can also have extra functions, such as measuring certain parameters.

There are two basic use cases:
* People who have committed a crime can serve part or all of their sentence with an electronic tag. This is not available in all countries, and it is also not available for all crimes
* Certain people (mostly old people) have diseases or conditions where they often need help. Using such a device, it is possible to locate them easily.

Especially in the case of monitoring old people, there have been concerns about privacy.

In the case of monitoring a criminal or someone on probation, the person has to report to a base station at given times. When the base station no longer detects the signal from the tag, it will alert the authorities.
Bridget Regan

**Bridget Catherine Regan** (born February 3, 1982) is an American actress. She played Kahlan Amnell in the television series *Legend of the Seeker*, Rebecca Lowe/Rachel Turner in *White Collar*, Rose Solano in *Jane the Virgin* and Dottie Underwood in *Agent Carter.* 

## References
Glynn Turman

**Glynn Russell Turman** (born January 31, 1947) is an American actor. He played Toledo in the 2020 Netflix movie ''Ma Rainey's Black Bottom*.

Turman played Lew Miles on the prime-time soap opera *Peyton Place*, Leroy "Preach" Jackson in *Cooley High*, Bradford Taylor on the NBC sitcom *A Different World* and Mayor Clarence Royce on the HBO drama series *The Wire''. 

Turman was married Aretha Franklin from 1978 and they divorced in 1984.

## References
Ted White (manager)

**Theodore Richard White** (born March 25, 1931), known professionally as **Ted White**, is an American businessman, songwriter, and producer. White was born in Detroit, Michigan. He was the manager and first husband of soul singer Aretha Franklin. White wrote or co-wrote many songs with Franklin such as "Think".

## References
Pat Gillick

**Lawrence Patrick David Gillick** (born August 22, 1937) is an American professional baseball executive. He was the general manager of four MLB teams: the Toronto Blue Jays (1978–1994), Baltimore Orioles (1996–1998), Seattle Mariners (2000–2003), and Philadelphia Phillies (2006–2008). He was born in Chico, California.

In 2011, he was elected into the National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum.

## References
Leslie Jordan

**Leslie Allen Jordan** (April 29, 1955 &ndash; October 24, 2022) was an American actor and writer. He played Lonnie Garr in *Hearts Afire* and Beverly Leslie in *Will & Grace*. In 2006, he won an Emmy Award. He became a popular Instagram celebrity during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Jordan died on October 24, 2022 in Los Angeles, California after his car crashed into a building, aged 67. The cause of death was cardiac arrest caused by arteriosclerotic sudden cardiac dysfunction.

## References
Lazar Matveev

**Lazar Lazarevich Matveev** (Russian: Ла́зарь Лазаре́вич Матве́ев; born 17 April 1927) is a Russian intelligence leader and former Soviet intelligence leader. He was a senior KGB liaison officer during 1982 to 1989. He was the boss of Vladimir Putin when Putin worked for the KGB. Matveev was born in Krasnoyarsk Krai, Soviet Union.

## References
Grosse Pointe Woods, Michigan

**Grosse Pointe Woods** is a suburban city in Wayne County in the U.S. state of Michigan. 16,487 people lived there at the 2020 census.  It about  northeast of downtown Detroit.

## References
John Fiedler

**John Donald Fiedler** (February 3, 1925 – June 25, 2005) was an American actor. He played Juror #2 in *12 Angry Men* (1957) and was the voice of Piglet in Disney's Winnie the Pooh movies.

## References
Ma Rainey's Black Bottom (movie)

'''''Ma Rainey's Black Bottom''''' is a 2020 American drama movie directed by George C. Wolfe and written by Ruben Santiago-Hudson. It is based on the play of the same name by August Wilson. 

The movie was produced by Denzel Washington, Todd Black, and Dany Wolf. It stars Viola Davis and Chadwick Boseman, with Glynn Turman, Colman Domingo, and Michael Potts.

The movie is about Ma Rainey and talks about her career in Chicago during the 1920s and how her career was affected by racism.

It was released on a limited theatrical release on November 25, 2020, before beginning to stream on Netflix on December 18.

## References
George C. Wolfe

**George Costello Wolfe** (born September 23, 1954) is an American playwright and movie-theatre director. He won a Tony Award in 1993 for directing *Angels in America: Millennium Approaches* and another Tony Award in 1996 for his direction of the musical ''Bring in 'da Noise/Bring in 'da Funk''.

He was Artistic Director of The Public Theater from 1993 until 2004.

## References
## Other websites
* 
* George C. Wolf in the glbtq Encyclopedia
* George C. Wolf images
George Smiley

**George Smiley** OBE is a fictional character created by John le Carré. Smiley is an intelligence officer with "The Circus". This is the Secret Intelligence Service (SIS), commonly known as MI6. 

He is a central character in the novels *Call for the Dead*, *A Murder of Quality*, *Tinker Tailor Soldier Spy*, *The Honourable Schoolboy*, and ''Smiley's People*, and a supporting character in *The Spy Who Came In from the Cold*, *The Looking Glass War*, *The Secret Pilgrim* and *A Legacy of Spies''. The character has also appeared in a number of film, television, and radio adaptations of le Carré's books.

Le Carré, who created Smiley, wanted to show that Ian Fleming's James Bond series was an inaccurate picture of espionage life. Smiley is polite, shy and humble. He often allows others to mistreat him, especially his unfaithful wife. But his humility masks his inner cunning, excellent memory, mastery of tradecraft, and occasional ruthlessness. His genius being underestimated helps Smiley achieve his goals. In the end, he becomes one of the most powerful agents in Britain.

The character is held in high esteem in Britain, where he has become a pop-culture icon on par with Bond. *The Guardian* called him "the sort of spy [Britain] believes it ought to have: a bit shabby, academic, basically loyal, and sceptical of...  his political masters".

## References
Intelligence officer

An **intelligence officer** is a person employed to collect and or analyze information (known as "intelligence") which is of use to the organization.

The word *officer* is a working title, not a rank. It is used in the same way a "police officer" can be a sergeant, or in the military, where non-commissioned staff may serve as intelligence officers. 

Organizations which employ intelligence officers include armed forces, police, and customs agencies. Mainly, though, the term is used by government intelligence agencies like MI5 and MI6.
James Hormel

**James Catherwood Hormel** (January 1, 1933 &ndash; August 13, 2021) was an American philanthropist, LGBT activist, and Democratic politician. He was the United States Ambassador to Luxembourg from 1999 to 2001 during the Bill Clinton presidency. Hormel was born in Austin, Minnesota. He was the first openly gay ambassador ever nominated in the United States.

## References
Flag of Montserrat

The **flag of Montserrat** was first used after the West Indies Federation was taken apart in 1958.

## Design
The flag is made of a British blue ensign with the coat of arms of Montserrat. They include Erin holding a harp which stands for Montserrat's history of Irish settlers and holding a cross to mean the island's Christian history.

## References
All This and Rabbit Stew

***All This and Rabbit Stew*** is a cartoon with Bugs Bunny. It was first made for  on September 13, 1941. Tex Avery is the  of the cartoon. It is about an African American hunter trying to hunt Bugs Bunny.

The cartoon is a part of the Censored Eleven. The Censored Eleven is a group of cartoons that can not be shown on television because they use  stereotypes. *All This and Rabbit Stew* shows stereotypes of African Americans.

## References 
## Other websites 
*