open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Neal Casal

**Neal Casal** (November 2, 1968 – August 26, 2019) was an American rock guitarist, singer-songwriter and photographer. Casal was born in Denville, New Jersey.

He was known as the guitarist for Rickey Medlocke's Blackfoot from 1988 to 1993 and as a member of Ryan Adams' backing band the Cardinals from 2005 until 2009. He played in several groups, including the Chris Robinson Brotherhood, Hard Working Americans, The Skiffle Players, GospelbeacH and Circles Around the Sun – and released twelve albums as a solo artist.

Casal killed himself on August 26, 2019 at the age of 50.

## References
## Other websites
* Neal Casal's official website
* Chris Robinson Brotherhood News, Reviews and More
Albert Vickers Bryan Jr.

**Albert Vickers Bryan Jr.** (November 8, 1926 – August 27, 2019) was an American politician and lawyer. He was the United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia from July 1971 through December 1991. Bryan Jr. was born in Alexandria, Virginia. He was nominated by President Richard Nixon.

Bryan Jr. died of pneumonia in Alexandria on August 27, 2019 at the age of 92.

## References
## Other websites
* 
* Political Graveyard
Fernanda Young

**Fernanda Maria Young de Carvalho Machado** (née **Leite Young**; 1 May 1970 – 25 August 2019), commonly known as **Fernanda Young**, was a Brazilian writer, screenwriter, television presenter, model and actress. She was born in Niterói, Rio de Janeiro. She was known for starring and creating *Os Normais* and *Como Aproveitar o Fim do Mundo*. 

Young died at a hospital in Paraisópolis, Minas Gerais from cardiopulmonary arrest caused by asthma at the age of 49.

## References
## Other websites
* 
*
Colin Clark (economist)

**Colin Grant Clark** (2 November 1905 – 4 September 1989) was a British-Australian economist and statistician. He worked in both the United Kingdom and Australia.  He created the use of gross national product (GNP) as the basis for studying national economies. He was on the Council of the Econometric Society from 1948 to 1952.

## Publication
### Papers
* "A System of Equations Explaining the United States Trade Cycle, 1921 to 1941", *Econometrica*, Vol. 17, No. 2 (April 1949), pp.&nbsp;93–124
* "The Economic Functions of a City in Relation to Its Size", *Econometrica*, Vol. 13, No. 2 (April 1945), pp.&nbsp;97–113
* "Economic Development in Communist China", *The Journal of Political Economy*, Vol. 84, No. 2 (April 1976), pp.&nbsp;239–264
* "Theory of Economic Growth", *Econometrica*, Vol. 17, Supplement: Report of the Washington Meeting (July 1949), pp.&nbsp;112–116
* "The Measurement of National Wealth: Discussion", (with Milton Gilbert; J. R. N. Stone; Francois Perroux; D. K. Lieu; Evelpides; Francois Divisia; Tinbergen; Kuznets; Smithies; Shirras; MacGregor), *Econometrica*, Vol. 17, Supplement: Report of the Washington Meeting. (July 1949), pp.&nbsp;255–272
* "A Critique of Russian Statistics by Colin Clark", *Economica*, May 1941, NS 8, p.&nbsp;212.

## References
Jessi Combs

**Jessica Combs** (July 27, 1980  – August 27, 2019) was an American professional racer, television personality, and metal fabricator. She was known as "the fastest woman on four wheels". 

## Career
She co-hosted the Spike TV show *Xtreme 4x4* for more than 90 episodes from 2005 to 2009. Other television shows she appeared on included ''Overhaulin'*, *Mythbusters*, *The List: 1001 Car Things To Do Before You Die*, *All Girls Garage'', and Science Channel's *How to Build... Everything* in 2016. 

## Death
Combs was killed during a land speed record attempt as part of the North American Eagle Project on August 27, 2019, in the Alvord Desert, Oregon at the age of 39.

## References
Abel González Chávez

**Abel González Chávez** (July 26, 1943 – August 27, 2019) was a Colombian radio and television host. From 1996 to 2019, González hosted a daily radio program on Emisora Atlántico called *Satélite*.

González Chávez died on August 27, 2019 in Barranquilla, Colombia from a stroke at the age of 76.

## References
## Other websites
*Caribe Sano Official Web Site
Paul Meger

**Paul Carl Meger** (February 17, 1929 – August 27, 2019) was a Canadian professional ice hockey forward. Meger played his entire National Hockey League (NHL) career with the Montreal Canadiens, winning the Stanley Cup in 1953. His career lasted from 1950 to 1955. Meger was born in Watrous, Saskatchewan.

Meger died on August 27, 2019 in Barrie, Ontario at the age of 90.

## References
## Other websites
*
Tahu Potiki

**Tahu Potiki** (23 December 1966 – 27 August 2019) was a New Zealand Māori leader. He was chief executive of Te Rūnanga o Ngāi Tahu from 2002 to 2006. Potiki was born in Palmerston, Otago.

Potiki died in Auckland on 27 August 2019, aged 52 from multiple organ failure.

## References
Martin Weitzman

**Martin Lawrence "Marty" Weitzman** (April 1, 1942 – August 27, 2019) was an American economist. He was a Professor of Economics at Harvard University. He was among the most influential economists in the world according to IDEAS/RePEc. 

His latest research was largely focused on environmental economics, specifically climate change and the economics of catastrophes.

## References
Christian Bonaud

**Yahya Christian Bonaud** (1957 – 26 August 2019), also known as **Yaḥyā ʿAlawī** (or Yaḥyā Bonaud) was a French Islamologist, philosopher, writer and translator. He was a commentator of the Qur'an in French, and a professor at the Jāmī Theological Center at Al-Mustafa International University in Iran. He was born in Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany. 

Bonaud drowned after being involved in a boat crash on 26 August 2019 in Abidjan, Ivory Coast at the age of 62.

## References
Donnie Fritts

**Donald Ray Fritts** (November 8, 1942 – August 27, 2019) was an American session musician and songwriter. In 2008, he was added into the Alabama Music Hall of Fame. He was known for working with Kris Kristofferson.

Working closely with Rick Hall, Billy Sherrill, Dan Penn, Arthur Alexander, David Briggs, Jerry Carrigan and Norbert Putnam.

In 2014, he appeared on *Country Funk Vol. II*, a compilation album from Light in the Attic.  In 2015, he signed with Single Lock Records.

Fritts died from heart surgery-related problems on August 27, 2019, at a hospital in Birmingham, Alabama at the age of 76.

## References
## Other websites
* 
*Donnie Fritts Interview - NAMM Oral History Library (2015)
* 
*
Nicolás Leoz

**Nicolás Leoz Almirón** (10 September 1928 – 28 August 2019) was a Paraguayan-Colombian sports executive. He was the President of CONMEBOL (*South American Football Confederation*) from 1986 to 2013. On April 23, 2013, Leoz resigned from both the FIFA Executive Committee and the CONMEBOL presidency, citing health issues.

Leoz died on 28 August 2019 of cardiac arrest while under house arrest in Asunción, Paraguay at the age of 90.

## References
## Other websites
* FIFA.COM
Guy Innes-Ker, 10th Duke of Roxburghe

**Guy David Innes-Ker, 10th Duke of Roxburghe** (18 November 1954 – 29 August 2019), styled **Marquess of Bowmont and Cessford** until 1974, was a British aristocrat. He was a Liveryman of the Worshipful Company of Fishmongers and a Freeman of the City of London. He was the Duke of Roxburghe from 1974 until his death. He was also the Premier Baronet of Scotland, and the 30th feudal baron of Innes.

In 2009, Innes-Ker was diagnosed with esophageal cancer. He died from the disease on 29 August 2019 at his home in Floors Castle in Kelso, Roxburghshire at the age of 64.

## Titles and styles
* 18 November 1954 – 26 September 1974: Marquess of Bowmont and Cessford
* 26 September 1974 – 29 August 2019: His Grace The Duke of Roxburghe

## References
## Other websites
*Floors Castle website
*Ted Innes Ker professional travel website 
* Paul Theroff. "Roxburghe" in *An Online Gotha* Section Two.
* Duke sets sights on estate expansion - Monday interview: Duke of Roxburghe
*Profile, scotsman.com
*Profile, geni.com
Colin Clark (soccer)

**Colin Clark** (April 11, 1984 – August 26, 2019) was an American soccer player. He was born in Fort Collins, Colorado. Clark played for men's national soccer team in 2009. From 2006 through 2010, he played for the Colorado Rapids and for the Houston Dynamo from 2010 through 2012.

On August 26, 2019, Clark died after suffering a heart attack; he was 35 years old.

## References
Hurricane Dorian

**Hurricane Dorian** was a tragic 2019 tropical cyclone. The storm hit the British and United States Virgin Islands and nearly hit Puerto Rico. It was the fourth named storm, second hurricane, first major hurricane, and a first Category 5 hurricane of the 2019 Atlantic hurricane season.

On August 30, Dorian became a first major hurricane of the season, and then became a Category 4 hurricane from a Category 2 in 9 hours. Dorian later became a Category 5 hurricane, making 2019 the fourth consecutive season to feature at least one Category 5 hurricane (Matthew in 2016, Irma and Maria in 2017, and Michael in 2018). The storm was the second most-intense storm to strike anywhere in the Atlantic basin.

Dorian struck the north western Bahamas with 185 mph sustained winds and heavy flooding. This was the most powerful tropical cyclone on the record to hit the Bahamas, and is regarded as the worst natural disaster in the country's history.

The cyclone brushed eastern Florida and Georgia. The storm was also expected to move over northeastern South Carolina, eastern North Carolina and south eastern Virginia. After that, it transitioned into a category 2 extratropical storm and hit Nova Scotia and Newfoundland.

Tropical cyclone warnings and watches were put up for areas from the Leeward Islands to Hispaniola. Similar warnings were put up from Florida to Delaware.

## Retirement: 
List of retired Atlantic hurricane names

Because of the damage and loss of life it caused the name Dorian was retired and replaced by Dexter for the 2025 season
Juhani Kärkinen

**Juhani Tapio Antero Kärkinen** (28 October 1935 – 29 August 2019) was a Finnish ski jumper. He won a gold medal in the large hill at the 1958 World Ski Championships. He placed eighth in the normal hill at the 1960 Winter Olympics.

## References
Halvor Næs

**Halvor Næs** (born 19 April 1928) is a Norwegian former ski jumper. He competed in the 1950s. His only victory was in 1953 and he finished fifth in the individual large hill event at the 1952 Winter Olympics in Oslo. He was born in Trysil. Næs was awarded the Holmenkollen medal in 1964 (shared with Veikko Kankkonen, Eero Mäntyranta, and Georg Thoma).

## References
Georg Thoma

**Georg Thoma** (born 20 August 1937) is a retired German Nordic combined skier and ski jumper. He won a gold medal at the 1960 Olympics. At the 1964 Olympics, he won a bronze medal and was the Olympic flag bearer for Germany at the opening ceremony. He further won the world championships title in 1966.

Thoma was awarded the Holmenkollen medal in 1964 (shared with Veikko Kankkonen, Eero Mäntyranta, and Halvor Næs).

Thoma was born in Hinterzarten, Germany.

## References
## Other websites
* 
* 
* 
*  – click Holmenkollmedaljen for downloadable pdf file 
*  – click Vinnere for downloadable pdf file
Rockerville, South Dakota

**Rockerville** is a small unincorporated community in Pennington County in the Black Hills of the U.S. state of South Dakota. It originally started as a mining camp. It was named for the "rockers" which were used to separate placer gold from stream gravel.

Rockerville was founded in 1876 as the result of a gold rush.

## References
Vladimir Veličković

**Vladimir Veličković** (; 11 August 1935 – 29 August 2019) was a Serbian painter. He was born in Belgrade, then-Yugoslavia.

In 1987, he won the Herder Prize. In 1985, he became a member of the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts. In 2005, he became a member of the Académie des Beaux-Arts. In 2017 he signed the Declaration on the Common Language of the Croats, Serbs, Bosniaks and Montenegrins. His paintings were exhibited in many countries in Europe and Americas starting in 1951.

Veličković died on 29 August 2019 at a hospital in Split, Croatia from congestive heart failure at the age of 84.

## References
## Other websites
* Two films about Velickovic
*  Official Website 
*Vladimir Veličković on Artefacts.net
*Vladimir Veličković on Karaart.com
*Publications on Vladimir Veličković
*Vladimir Veličković  (French)
*galerie anne-marie et roland pallade
Alvord Desert

The **Alvord Desert** is a desert located in Harney County, in southeastern Oregon in the western United States.  It is roughly southeast of Steens Mountain.  The Alvord Desert is a  dry lake bed and averages  of rain a year.  

Two mountain ranges separate it from the Pacific Ocean—the Coast Range, and the Cascade Mountains. The Alvord Desert is at an elevation of about .

## References
Mortal Kombat

***Mortal Kombat*** is a series of fighting video games. It is known for having a very high level of violence, blood, and gore. The first game was so violent and bloody compared to other video games at the time that it was one of the games mentioned in the 1993 congressional hearings on video games. This later led to the ESRB rating system. Unsurprisingly, most games in the series are rated M for Mature, which means that the game cannot legally be sold to anyone under the age of 17 in most stores in the United States.

## Guest fighters
Starting with the 2011 video game, well-known characters serve as guests for the games. Due to legal constraints, they only appear only in one game. There are two guests in MK9, four guests in MKX and five guests in MK11.
* Kratos (God of War/MK9 PlayStation ports)
* Freddy Krueger (A Nightmare on Elm Street/MK9)
* Jason Voorhees (Friday the 13th/MKX)
* Predator (Predator/MKX)
* Leatherface (The Texas Chainsaw Massacre/MKX)
* Alien (Alien/MKX)
* The Terminator (Terminator/MK11)
* The Joker (Batman/MK11)
* Spawn (Spawn/MK11)
* RoboCop (RoboCop/MK11)
* John Rambo (First Blood/MK11)
Nancy Holloway

**Nancy Holloway** ( **Brown**, December 11, 1932 &ndash; August 28, 2019) was an American jazz, pop and soul singer and actress. She was popular during the 1960s in France, where she continued to perform and live. She was born in Cleveland, Ohio. Holloway was known for singing "T'en va pas comme ça" and for starring in *Seek the idol* and *Man from Cocody*.

Holloway died on August 28, 2019 in Paris at the age of 86.

## References
Sega Technical Institute

**Sega Technical Institute** (STI) was an American development division of Sega. It was created by Mark Cerny in 1991. They wanted to combine good Japanese developers, including Sonic Team programmer Yuji Naka and his team, with new American developers. STI created many *Sonic the Hedgehog* games, as well as other games for the Sega Genesis. It closed in late 1996.

Games developed by STI are important in the history of the Genesis, and many were well-received or sold well. Developers have described STI as a unique workplace that did not fit into Sega's corporate structure, and have fond memories of the environment.

## Games created
## References
Kansas State Department of Education

**Kansas State Department Board of Education** (**KSDE**) is Kansas's Board of Education. Its headquarters are in Topeka. The board of education that controls the department is a constitutional group created in Article 6 of the Kansas Constitution. The Board helps decide educational policy for the state's primary and secondary schools.

## References
## More reading
* Kester, D., & Kester, J. (1985). *History of the Kansas State Department of Education*. Topeka, KS: Kansas Department of Education.
* Throckmorton, A.F. (1967). *Kansas Educational Progress: 1858-1967*. Topeka, KS: Kansas State Department of Public Instruction.
* Throckmorton, Adel F. (1960). *Our Kansas System of Education*. Topeka, KS: Kansas State Department of Public Instruction.
* Yudhijit Bhattacharjee, *Strategies Evolve as Candidates Prepare for Kansas Board Races*. Science 3 February 2006 311: 588-589 DOI 10.1126/science.311.5761.588
* Yudhijit Bhattarcharjee, *Evolution Trumps Intelligent Design in Kansas Vote*. Science 11 August 2006 313: 743 DOI 10.1126/science.313.5788.743
* AAAS Board of Directors, *On the Kansas State Board of Education Decision on the Education of Students in the Science of Evolution and Cosmology*. Science 12 November 1999 286: 1297 DOI 10.1126/science.286.5443.1297b

## Other websites
;KSDE
* 
* Kansas School District Boundary Map, KSDE
;KGI Online Library
* Kansas State Board of Education Meeting Minutes (1968-present)
* Kansas Educational Directory (1941-present)
* Kansas Education Accountability Report (2000/01-present)
* Other KSDE publications at KGI Online Library 

;Controversy
* Kansas education board downplays evolution State school board OKs standards casting doubt on Darwin.
* Kansas Rewrites Science Standards Again
* Letters to the Kansas State Board of Education regarding evolution and science curriculum standards , June 7, 2005
* Kansas board of education scraps standards questioning evolution
PROSOCO

**PROSOCO** is a national manufacturer of special construction chemical products for cleaning, protecting and maintaining concrete. It was created in 1937. PROSOCO's production and warehouse building, and corporate headquarters are in Lawrence, Kansas; construction on that building started in 1998.

The company has 100-250 employees.

## History
PROSOCO was created in 1937. It was first called the **Process Solvent Company**. It was first a company in Kansas City that made special cleaning products and engine products for the car and railroad industries. Because the construction industry grew in the 1950s, Process Solvent Company starting making construction and building maintenance products. In 1967, the Process Solvent Company filed to trademark "PSC", which made it shorter to call the company.

PROSOCO has been involved with some famous buildings including the United States Capitol Building.

## Awards 
In 2015, the company received an award Building Green's top-10 products.

## Product 
PROSOCO has 4 brands: *R-Guard, Sure Klean, Consolideck and Anchoring Systems*. 

## References
## Other websites
*PROSOCO official website
Sean Stephenson

**Sean Clinch Stephenson** (May 5, 1979 – August 28, 2019) was an American therapist, self-help author and motivational speaker. He was born in Chicago with osteogenesis imperfecta. Stephenson stood three feet tall, had fragile bones, and used a wheelchair. He studied at DePaul University. He earned $15,000 to $30,000 per appearance.

His second book, *Get Off Your "But": How to End Self-Sabotage and Stand Up for Yourself*, was published in 2009. It was a self-help book about his own personal story along with the stories of others, and provided exercises for readers to perform while they read. That same year, Stephenson was the subject of "Three Foot Giant", a television documentary that aired on The Biography Channel in November 2009.

Stephenson died on August 28, 2019 from problems caused by a concussion at the age of 40.

## References
Maria Dolors Renau

**Maria Dolors Renau i Manén** (15 November 1936 – 29 August 2019) was a Spanish politician. She was a  Deputy and a MEP from 1986 to 1987, as well as a president of Socialist International Women (1999–2003). She was born in Barcelona.

Renau died on 29 August 2019 in Barcelona at the age of 82.

## References
Parsnip

The **parsnip** (*Pastinaca sativa*) is a root vegetable. It is native to Eurasia. Its long, tuberous root has cream-colored skin and flesh. Left in the ground to mature, it gains a sweeter flavor after winter frosts.

The parsnip has been used as a vegetable since antiquity. It was cultivated by the Romans. It was used as a sweetener before the arrival in Europe of cane sugar.

The plant is closely related to carrot and parsley; they all belong to the family Apiaceae.

## References
Little Falls, Minnesota

**Little Falls** is a city in Morrison County, Minnesota, United States. It is the county seat of Morrison County. The population was 9,140 at the 2020 census. Little Falls was the boyhood home of noted aviator Charles Lindbergh.

## References
Coon Rapids, Minnesota

**Coon Rapids** is a northern suburb of Minneapolis, and is the largest city in Anoka County, Minnesota, United States.  The population was 63,599 at the 2020 census. It is the fifteenth largest city in Minnesota and the seventh largest Twin Cities suburb.

## References
Conan the Barbarian

**Conan the Barbarian** (also known as **Conan the Cimmerian**) is a fictional sword and sorcery hero who began in pulp magazines and has since been adapted to books, comics, several films (including *Conan the Barbarian* and *Conan the Destroyer*), television programs (animated and live-action), video games, role-playing games, and other media. 

## Other websites
* The Works of Robert E. Howard
Franco Columbu

**Francesco Columbu** (August 7, 1941 – August 30, 2019) was an Italian actor, author, champion bodybuilder, powerlifter and ''World's Strongest Man* competitor. He was born in Ollolai, Sardinia. He was known for his roles in *Conan the Barbarian* and *The Terminator''. Columbu won the Mr. Olympia in 1976 and again in 1981.

Columbu drowned after having a heart attack on August 30, 2019 in San Teodoro at the age of 78.

## References
## Other websites
*
*
*Pumping Iron Gallery
*www.lexnews.fr – Exclusive Interview for the French Magazine LEXNEWS
Jim Langer

**James John Langer** (May 16, 1948 – August 29, 2019) was an American football center. He played for the National Football League's Cleveland Browns, Miami Dolphins and Minnesota Vikings. He was thought to have been among the greatest NFL centers of all time. Langer was elected to the Pro Football Hall of Fame in his first year of eligibility in 1987. Langer was born in Little Falls, Minnesota.

Langer died on August 29, 2019 in Coon Rapids, Minnesota from heart failure at the age of 71. 

## References
## Other websites
*Pro Football Hall of Fame entry
Hans Rausing

**Hans Rausing**, KBE (25 March 1926 – 30 August 2019) was a Swedish-British businessman. He was founder of Tetra Pak. It is the largest food packaging company in the world. In 1995 he sold his share of the company to his brother, Gad.

In the Forbes world fortune ranking, Rausing was placed at number 83 with an estimated fortune of US$10 billion in 2011. He was the second richest Swedish billionaire in 2013.

Rausing died in London on 30 August 2019 at the age of 93.

## References
## Other websites
*Arcadia Fund
*Sussex Community Foundation
*Tetra Pak Homepage
Udo Schaefer

**Udo Schaefer** (October 19, 1926 – August 30, 2019) was a German lawyer and a Bahá'í writer. He was born in Heidelberg, Germany. He was known for his writing ''Bahá'í Ethics in Light of Scripture* and *Beyond the Clash of Religions: The Emergence of a New Paradigm''.

Schaefer died on August 30, 2019 at the age of 92.

## Works
*
*
*
*
*
*
*

## References
## Other websites
*English Books 
*English articles
William Bulger

**William Michael Bulger** (born February 2, 1934) is an American Democratic politician, lawyer, and educator. He was the President of the Massachusetts Senate from 1978 through 1996, which is the longest in history. He then became president of the University of Massachusetts.

His brother was convicted mob boss James "Whitey" Bulger, who led the Winter Hill Gang. In 2003 he refused to testify in a congressional hearing about communications he had with his then-fugitive brother. Because of that, he was forced to resign from the presidency of the University of Massachusetts.

## References
## Other websites
* Gitell, Seth.  "Bulger's Denouement." *Boston Phoenix* December 12, 2002.  Accessed September 11, 2006.
* [Billy Bulger](https://web.archive.org/web/20080517075103/http://thebrothersbulger.com/William%20(Billy)%20Bulger.htm)
* 60 Minutes segment about Bulger, aired in 1992 
* A Profile in Political Power
*
Dorchester, Massachusetts

**Dorchester** is a Boston neighborhood making up more than  in the City of Boston, Massachusetts, United States. Originally, Dorchester was a separate town, founded by Puritans who emigrated in 1630. It is Boston's largest neighborhood by far. In the 2010 United States Census, the neighborhood's population was 92,115.

## References
Vincent Waller

**Vincent Waller** (born September 30, 1960) is an American writer, artist, animator, storyboard artist, and technical director. He worked on several animated television shows and movies, his best works being *The Ren & Stimpy Show* and *SpongeBob SquarePants*.

## References
Alan Oppenheimer

**Alan Louis Oppenheimer** (born April 23, 1930) is an American actor. He is best known for working with Filmation in the 1970s and 1980s.

His best known roles include Oil Can Harry, Swifty and the narrator on *The New Adventures of Mighty Mouse and Heckle & Jeckle*, Ming the Merciless on *Flash Gordon*, the Overlord on *BlackStar*, Skeletor, Man-At-Arms and Mer-Man from Filmation's 1980's cartoon *He-Man and the Masters of the Universe*, and the voice of Prime Evil in the 1986 TV series, Filmation's *Ghostbusters*.

Recently, he voiced the Scientist in *9* and Old Timer in *Toy Story 4*.

## References
## Other websites
* 
*
Jomo Kenyatta International Airport

**Jomo Kenyatta International Airport** , is an international airport in Nairobi, the capital of and largest city in Kenya. Located in the Embakasi suburb  southeast of Nairobi's central business district, the airport has scheduled flights to destinations in over 50 countries. Originally named **Embakasi Airport**, the airport's name was changed in 1978 to honour Jomo Kenyatta, Kenya's first president and prime minister. The airport served over 7 million passengers in 2016, making it the seventh busiest airport in passenger traffic in Africa.

## References
Alan Silvestri

**Alan Anthony Silvestri** (born March 26, 1950) is an American composer, conductor and orchestrator. He is known for his movie and television scores.

## Early life 
Silvestri was born in New York City to Louis Silvestri and Sophia Phelan. His father is Italian and his mother is Irish. 

## Personal life 
Silvestri and his wife Sandra live in Carmel Valley Village, California with Joey Silvestri, Alexandra Silvestri and James Silvestri.

## Other websites
Donnie Green

**Donnie Gerald Green** (July 21, 1948 – August 28, 2019) was an American football offensive lineman in the National Football League. He played for the Buffalo Bills, Philadelphia Eagles, and the Detroit Lions.  

He played college football at Purdue University and was drafted in the fifth round of the 1971 NFL Draft. He was born in Washington, D.C..

On August 28, 2019, Green died on August 28, 2019 at the age of 71.

## References
Señorita (Shawn Mendes and Camila Cabello song)

"**Señorita**" is a song by Canadian singer Shawn Mendes and Cuban-American singer Camila Cabello. It is from Mendes' self-titled third studio album.  The song was released on June 21, 2019.  It was written by the two artists along with its producers – Cashmere Cat, WATT, and Benny Blanco – and British artist Charli XCX, Ali Temposi, Magnus Höiberg, and Jack Patterson of the electronic band Clean Bandit.

The song became Mendes' first number-one hit on the *Billboard* Hot 100 in the US and Cabello's second, after "Havana".  Mendes previously reached number two on the Hot 100 with "If I Can't Have You" earlier in 2019.

## References
Battle of Kursk

The **Battle of Kursk** was a World War II battle. It happened on 5 July to 23 August 1943 near Kursk, Russia. It was the biggest battle in history.

The Battle of Kursk, also called the Battle of the Kursk Salient, was a major World War II Eastern Front battle between the forces of Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union near Kursk in southwestern Russia during the summer of 1943, resulting in a Soviet victory.
Berzona

**Berzona** is a village and former municipality of the district of Locarno in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland.

In 2001 the municipality was merged with the other, neighboring municipalities Auressio and Loco to form a new and larger municipality Isorno.

## References
Muzzano

**Muzzano** can mean:

## Places 
;Italy
* Muzzano, Piedmont, a *comune* in the Province of Biella

;Switzerland
* Muzzano, Switzerland, a municipality in the Canton of Ticino
* Lago di Muzzano, a lake in the Canton of Ticino
Dennis Fentie

**Dennis G. Fentie** (November 8, 1950 – August 30, 2019) was a Canadian politician. He was the seventh Premier of Yukon and leader of the Yukon Party from 2002 to 2011. He worked on the MLA for Watson Lake from 1996 through 2011.

When the 2002 election was over, it was made public that Fentie had been convicted and spent time in prison for heroin trafficking in 1974. He was given a full pardon for the offence in 1996.

Fentie died of cancer at the age of 68 on August 30, 2019.

## References
## Other websites
* Government of Yukon Territory - Premier's Website
France Aviation Civile Services

Toulouse]]

**France Aviation Civile Services**, previously DSNA Services, is a consulting company, started by the DGAC and the ENAC in 2013. It gives to clients the expertise of French civil aviation in regulation, security and air navigation.

Its President is Mr Farid Zizi, previous President of the ICAO Air Navigation Commission.

## References
## Further reading 
*
Kyivan Rus Park

The **Kyivan Rus Park** (in Ukrainian: "Парк Київська Русь") is a cultural, commercial and entertainment complex in Kopachiv village, Obuhivskyi raion. 34 km. from Kyiv, Ukraine. the park was opened in 2008 in a site that restores the Kyiv Kremlin that was the Kremlin of Kyiv in the 5th to 8th century.

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## Related pages 
* Izmailovo Kremlin

## Other websites 
* Official website of Kyivan Rus Park
Anthoine Hubert

**Anthoine Hubert** (22 September 1996 – 31 August 2019) was a French professional racing driver. He was born in Lyon and began his kart racing career in 2006 at age nine. In 2018, he became the GP3 Series champion. At the time of his death in 2019, he raced for BWT Arden.

On 31 August 2019, Hubert was involved in a crash during the Formula 2 feature race at Circuit de Spa-Francorchamps in Stavelot, Belgium. He died of his injuries a short time later. He was 22.

## References
## Other websites
*Official site
Oleksiy Honcharuk

**Oleksiy Valeriyovych Honcharuk** (; born July 7, 1984) is a Ukrainian politician and lawyer. Honcharuk was the 17th Prime Minister of Ukraine from 29 August 2019 to 4 March 2020. He was the Deputy Head of the Office of the President of Ukraine Zelensky. Honcharuk is the youngest Prime Minister in the modern Ukrainian history.

## References
## Other websites
*
Sonic Spinball

***Sonic the Hedgehog Spinball***, commonly shortened to ***Sonic Spinball***, is a 1993 pinball video game. It was created by Sega Technical Institute, and it was published by Sega. It is a spinoff of the *Sonic the Hedgehog* series. It takes place in the universe of the *Sonic the Hedgehog* animated series. Players control Sonic the Hedgehog, who must stop Doctor Robotnik from enslaving the population in a big pinball-like machine.

*Sonic Spinball* was created by the American staff of Sega Technical Institute. This was because the Japanese staff was busy with making *Sonic the Hedgehog 3* and *Sonic & Knuckles*. When Sega management realized that *Sonic the Hedgehog 3* would not be finished in time for the 1993 holiday shopping season, they created another *Sonic* game. The game was quickly designed. It had short time constraints. Most of the work happened in two months. *Sonic Spinball* was released for the Sega Genesis in November 1993 and for the Game Gear and Master System in 1994.

A second pinball game, *Sonic Pinball Party*, was created in 2003. A Sonic Spinball spinning rollercoaster was built in Alton Towers, a British theme park, in 2010.
## Release
The game has been rereleased on 11 different consoles. The Genesis version of the game has been rereleased on the *Sonic Mega Collection* compilation for the Nintendo GameCube, PlayStation 2, Xbox and PCs, ''Sonic's Ultimate Genesis Collection* for the Xbox 360 and PlayStation 3, and multiple iterations of the *Sega Smash Pack* series of compilations. The Game Gear version is an unlockable game in *Sonic Adventure DX: Director's Cut* for the GameCube and PC, as well as *Sonic Gems Collection* for the GameCube and PlayStation 2.

## Reception
*Sonic Spinball'' got mixed reviews; critics liked the idea and graphics but didn't like the controls.

## References
Midland–Odessa shooting

On August 31, 2019, multiple people were shot from a vehicle traveling between and in the Texas cities of Odessa and Midland. 

Odessa police announced five deaths (including the shooter) and 21 injuries (including three police), and described the shooter as a white male in his mid-30s, shot and killed by police outside a movie theater as he fired at them again.

## References
Jukka Virtanen

**Jukka Jalmari Virtanen** (25 July 1933 – 1 September 2019) was a Finnish entertainer and author. He won the Rose d'Or in 1965 for the entertainment program *Lumilinna*. He starred in the movies *Millipilleri*, *Pähkähullu Suomi* and *Noin 7 Veljestä*. Virtanen was the host of Levyraati from 1980 through 1997. Virtanen was born in Jämsänkoski, Finland.

Virtanen died from prostate cancer on 1 September 2019, aged 86.

## References
## Other websites
*
* Jukka Virtasen haastatteluja ja ohjelmia YLEn Elävässä arkistossa 
* Arkkipiispalla vieraana Jukka Virtanen: Ihminen ja ihmisen viat (äänite, 2008).
Washington, North Carolina

**Washington**, commonly known as **The Original Washington** or **Little Washington** (to distinguish it from Washington, D.C.), is a city in Beaufort County, North Carolina, United States. The population was 9,875 at the 2020 census. 

It is the county seat of Beaufort County. 

## References
Veikko Kankkonen

**Veikko Kankkonen** (born 5 January 1940) is a retired Finnish ski jumper. He competed at the 1960, 1964 and at the 1968 Winter Olympics. He won two medals in 1964 with a gold in the individual normal hill and a silver in the individual large hill event. He was born in Sotkamo, Finland.

Kankkonen won the Holmenkollen medal (shared with Eero Mäntyranta, Georg Thoma, and Halvor Næs).

## References
## Other websites
* 
* 
* 
* Holmenkollen medalists – click Holmenkollmedaljen for downloadable pdf file 
* Holmenkollen winners since 1892 – click Vinnere for downloadable pdf file
Berthe's mouse lemur

'''Berthe's mouse lemur** or **Madame Berthe's mouse lemur'* (*Microcebus berthae*) is the smallest mouse lemur and the smallest primate in the world.  Its average body length is  and seasonal weight is around . 

This primate was found in 1992 in the dry Kirindy Forest in western Madagascar. After its discovery genetic studies showed it was as a new species, *M. berthae*.

This lemur is named after the conservationist and primatologist Berthe Rakotosamimanana of Madagascar, who was the Secretary General of the *Groupe d'Etudes et de Recherche des Primates'' (GERP) from its founding until her death in 2005.

## References
Zoë Quinn

**Zoë Tiberius Quinn** (born 1987) is an American video game developer, programmer, writer, and artist.

In 2014, a blog post by her ex-boyfriend sparked the Gamergate controversy, in which Quinn was subjected to a lot of criticism and harassment.

## References
## Other websites
* 
*
Alec Holowka

**Alec Holowka** (30 October 1983 – 31 August 2019) was a Canadian indie game developer, co-founder of an independent game companies Infinite Ammo, Infinite Fall, and Bit Blot. He was known for collaborating with Derek Yu to create *Aquaria* and freeware game ''I'm O.K - A Murder Simulator* and with Scott Benson and Bethany Hockenberry to create *Night in the Woods''. He was born in Winnipeg, Manitoba.

## Controversy and death 
In early August 2019, Holowka was accused of physical and sexual assault by many women including Zoë Quinn. He killed himself on August 31, 2019, aged 35. According to his sister, Holowka had been "battling mood and personality disorders" through his life but "was a victim of abuse".

## References
## Other websites
* Bit Blot
* Infinite Ammo
* Alec Holowka at MobyGames
Anita Sarkeesian

**Anita Sarkeesian** (; born 1983) is a Canadian-American feminist media critic, blogger, and public speaker. She is the founder of *Feminist Frequency*. She is known for her video series *Tropes vs. Women in Video Games*, which reviews the female video game characters stereotypes.

## References
Brianna Wu

**Brianna Wu** (born July 6, 1977) is an American video game developer and computer programmer. She co-founded Giant Spacekat. Giant Spacekat makes indie games. She is also a blogger and podcaster on matters relating to the video game industry.

Wu unsuccessfully ran as a Democrat against incumbent Stephen F. Lynch in Massachusetts for the 8th district for the U.S. House of Representatives in 2018. Wu unsuccessfully ran a second campaign for the 2020 election.

## References
Stephen Lynch (politician)

**Stephen Francis Lynch** (born March 31, 1955) is an American politician. He has been a member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Massachusetts since 2001. He is a Democrat representing Massachusetts's 8th congressional district.

Lynch ran for the Democratic nomination in the 2013 special election for the U.S. Senate but lost to Ed Markey.

## References
Wang Buxuan

**Wang Buxuan** (5 February 1922 – 31 August 2019), also known as **Bu-Xuan Wang** and **Pu-Hsuan Wang**, was a Chinese thermal physicist and educator. He was known for engineering thermodynamics in China. He created the engineering thermodynamics program at Tsinghua University in 1957. He was elected an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1980. 

## References
Immanuel Wallerstein

**Immanuel Maurice Wallerstein** (; September 28, 1930 &ndash; August 31, 2019)  was an American sociologist, economic historian and world-systems analyst. His best known works helped developed the world-systems approach. He published bimonthly commentaries through Agence Global on world affairs from October 1998 to July 2019. 

He was a Senior Research Scholar at Yale University from 2000 until his death in 2019.

## References
West Hartford, Connecticut

**West Hartford** is a town in Hartford County, Connecticut, United States. It is about  west of downtown Hartford. The population was 64,083 at the 2020 census.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Town of West Hartford official website
Ali Wong

**Alexandra Wong** (born April 19, 1982) is an American actress, comedian, producer, and writer. She is known for her Netflix stand-up specials *Baby Cobra* and *Hard Knock Wife,* as well as her television appearances in *American Housewife*, *Are You There, Chelsea?*, *Inside Amy Schumer*, and *Black Box*. 

She also wrote for the first three seasons of the sitcom *Fresh Off the Boat*. In 2019, she starred in *Always Be My Maybe*.

## Award 
• Best TV stand-up comedy performance.

## References
Sant'Abbondio (disambiguation)

'''Sant'Abbondio''' is the name of two places in Europe:
* Sant'Abbondio, a village in the municipality of Gamborogno in the district of Locarno, canton of Ticino, Switzerland
* Serra Sant'Abbondio, a *comune* (municipality) in the Province of Pesaro e Urbino in the region Marche, Italy
Brad Linaweaver

**Bradford Swain Linaweaver** (September 1, 1952 &ndash; August 29, 2019) was an American science fiction and fantasy writer. He was known for directing *The Brain Leeches* and *Jack-O*. He also wrote Libertarian-leaning novels such as *The Boneyard Collection* and *Space Babes Meet the Monsters*. Linaweaver was born in Washington, North Carolina. His best known novel was *Moon of Ice*.

Linaweaver died on August 29, 2019 from cancer at the age of 67.

## References
## Other websites
* 
* The Fortune City Page
University Press of Kansas

The **University Press of Kansas** is a publisher in Lawrence, KS that represents the six state universities in the US state of Kansas: Emporia State University, Fort Hays State University, Kansas State University (K-State), Pittsburg State University, the University of Kansas (KU), and Wichita State University.

## History
The press was created in 1946. There were big changes in 1967 and 1976. Today, it operates as a consortium with representation from each of the participating universities. The press is on the west part of the KU campus.

The press mostly publishes books about American politics and military history. They also publish books about the region around it.

## Notes 
## References 
## Other websites
* Official website
Shivamogga

**Shivamogga** is the capital of the Shivamogga district in Karnataka. It was earlier called Shimoga.

It is located in India.

## References
University of Nebraska Press

The **University of Nebraska Press**, also known as **UNP**, is an academic publisher of scholarly and general-interest books. It was created in 1941. The press is controlled by the University of Nebraska–Lincoln, the main campus of the University of Nebraska system. UNP mostly publishes non-fiction books and academic journals. They publish in both print and electronic editions. The press has strong publishing programs in Native American studies, Western American history, sports, world and national affairs, and military history.

UNP has published more than 4,000 books and 30 journals. They publish more than 150 new titles each year, making it the 12th biggest university press in the United States. Since 2010, two of UNP's books have received the Bancroft Prize, the highest honor given to history books in the U.S.

## References
## Other websites
* 
* Fight Over a Beloved (and Lucrative) Book
Missouri River Valley

The **Missouri River Valley** outlines where the Missouri River from its headwaters where the Madison, Jefferson and Gallatin Rivers flow together in Montana to its confluence with the Mississippi River in the State of Missouri. At  long, the valley drains one-sixth of the United States. It is the longest river valley in North America. The valley in the Missouri River basin includes river bottoms and floodplains.

## References
## Other websites
* Missouri River Valley Explorer
Railroad classes

in 2006]]
In the United States, railroads are Class I, II, or III, depending on how big they are. The Surface Transportation Board decides how big the railroads need to be to be in the classes.

There are six US Class I freight railroad companies. Canada has two Class I freight railroads. Both of the Canadian companies have trackage in the US. Mexico has two Class I freight railroads, one with trackage in the US. The national passenger railroads in the US and Canada, Amtrak and Via Rail, are both Class I.

## Classes
### Class I
In the United States, the Surface Transportation Board says a Class I railroad is a railroad that gets $250 million or more in revenue every year. It was 1991 when they said it had to be at least $250 million. In 2012, $452,653,248 is how much it would be. In 2011, the Association of American Railroads says that Class I railroads had to get at least $433.2 million.

In Canada, a **Class I rail carrier** is a company that has earned at least $250 million (CAD) in revenue for each of the previous two years.

Class I railroads are some of the most efficient kinds of transportation. They move a ton of freight almost 500 miles with each gallon of diesel fuel ( to move ).

In 2013, eleven railroads in North America were Class I. In the United States, Amtrak and seven freight railroads are Class I based on 2011 measurements released in 2013. Switching and terminal railroads are can't be Class II railroads.

### Class III
 is an example of a Class III shortline in Virginia]]
A Class III railroad earns less than $20 million (1991 dollars) in revenue every year.

## References
### More reading
* 49 CFR Part 1201-Railroad Companies (PDF)
* Surface Transportation Board FAQs – Economic and Industry Information 
* STB Ex Parte No. 647 
* &nbsp;
* &nbsp;
* 

## Other websites
* *List and Family Trees of North American Railroads*
* *Uniform Classification of Accounts and Related Railway Records (UCA)* ; retrieved April 24, 2005.
*Surface Transportation Board FAQs – Economic and Industry Information
Terlton, Oklahoma

**Terlton** is a town in Oklahoma in the United States.

## Layout 
The United States Census Bureau, says the town has a total area of , which is all land.

## References
Mount Oread

**Mount Oread**  is a hill in Lawrence, Kansas. The University of Kansas is on it. It is on the water divide between the Kansas and Wakarusa rivers. It was named after the Oread Institute in Worcester, Massachusetts. The hill was first called Hogback Ridge by many Lawrence residents until the Oread name was chosen in 1866.

For emigrants going west by wagon train on the Oregon Trail, "The Hill" was the next big topographical challenge after crossing the Wakarusa River near today's Haskell Indian Nations University.

The United States Geological Survey says that Mount Oread is about  above sea level. Downtown Lawrence is about  above sea level. Mount Oread was whereWilliam Quantrill's raid into Lawrence on August 21, 1863, during the American Civil War, happened. The campus of the University of Kansas (KU) is on Mount Oread.

## Related pages
* Oread

## References
## Other websites
*Lawrence Kansas looking northeast from Mt. Oread (1859)
*Mt. Oread campus buildings  at the University of Kansas.
*TopoQuest map of Mt. Oread
* Mount Oread trail route marker for *KU GIS Day 2006* social geocoding pioneers
Truth Hurts (song)

"**Truth Hurts**" is a song by American R&B recording artist Lizzo. It is taken from the deluxe version of her third studio album (and first major-label release), *Cuz I Love You*.  It was released as a single on September 19, 2017. Lizzo wrote the song with Steven Cheung, Jesse Saint John, and its producer, Ricky Reed.

In 2019, it reached number one on the *Billboard* Hot 100, the Pop Songs radio chart, R&B/Hip-Hop Songs and Rap Songs charts, and on the Radio Songs chart. It also reached the top ten in Canada and New Zealand, while maintaining the top 20 in Australia, the top 40 in the UK, and the top 100 in the Netherlands and Switzerland.

## Charts
## References
Samuel C. Pomeroy

**Samuel Clarke Pomeroy** (January 3, 1816 &ndash; August 27, 1891) was a United States senator from Kansas in the mid-19th century. He was in the United States Senate during the American Civil War. Pomeroy was also in the Massachusetts House of Representatives.He also was the mayor of Atchison, Kansas from 1858 to 1859. He was a Republican.

## Career
### Early life
Samuel C. Pomeroy was born on January 3, 1816 at Southampton, Massachusetts. He was a student at Amherst College.

### 1860s
On April 4, 1861, the Kansas legislature elected Pomeroy (along with James Lane) to be one of Kansas's first senators.

### 1870s
On December 18, 1871, because of Ferdinand Vandeveer Hayden urging and after learning of the findings of the Hayden Geological Survey of 1871, Pomeroy introduced the Act of Dedication bill into the Senate. That bill led to the creation of Yellowstone National Park.

## References
Sewickley, Pennsylvania

**Sewickley** is a borough in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania,  west northwest of Pittsburgh along the Ohio River. It is a residential suburb of Pittsburgh. The population was 3,907 at the 2020 census. 

## References
Electoral district (Canada)

**Electoral districts in Canada** (also called a "constituency" or "riding") are what Canada's representative democracy is based on. In Canadian French, it is called a *circonscription*, but is also called a *comté* (county). Every single federal electoral district is represented by one Member of Parliament (MP) in the House of Commons of Canada. In provincial or territorial electoral districts, the person that represents the riding might be called a Member of the Legislative Assembly (MLA), Member of the National Assembly (NLA), Member of Provincial Parliament (MPP), or a Member of the House of Assembly (MHA).

Right now, federal and provincial electoral districts are only represented by one person. In the past, however, some have been represented by more than one person.