open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Ryszard Parulski

**Ryszard Parulski** (9 March 1938 &ndash; 10 January 2017) was a Polish fencer. He won a silver medal in the team foil event at the 1964 Summer Olympics and a bronze in the same event at the 1968 Summer Olympics. He was born in Warsaw.

Parulski served as the vice-chairman of the Polish Olympic Committee from 1990 until 1992.

## References
James Fairfax

**James Oswald Fairfax** (27 March 1933 – 11 January 2017) was an Australian company director and philanthropist. He was a member of the Fairfax family, an Australian family in the newspaper publisher industry. He became a director of John Fairfax & Sons Ltd in 1957 and took over from his father in 1977. He resigned in 1987 and sold his shares to his half brother Warwick Fairfax, during 'young Warwick's' ultimately disastrous takeover bid.

Fairfax was born in Sydney. He studied at Cranbrook School, Geelong Grammar School and Balliol College, Oxford.

Fairfax published a memoir in 1991. He died on 11 January 2017 in Sydney at the age of 83.

## References
James Ferguson-Lees

**Ian James Ferguson-Lees** (8 January 1929 &ndash; 11 January 2017) was a British ornithologist. He became known as a member of the British Birds Rarities Committee who was responsible, with John Nelder and Max Nicholson, for publicly debunking the Hastings Rarities.

Ferguson-Lees was born in Italy. He died on 11 January 2017 in England at the age of 88.

## References
Jan Szczepański

**Jan Antoni Szczepański** (20 November 1939 – 15 January 2017) was a Polish boxer. He won the gold medal in the lightweight division (&ndash; 60&nbsp;kg) at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, West Germany. In the final he defeated Hungary's László Orbán on points (5:0).

Szczepanski died on 15 January 2017, after long illness in Warsaw, aged 77.

## References
Eddie Long

**Eddie Lee Long** (May 12, 1953 – January 15, 2017) was an American pastor. He was the senior pastor of New Birth Missionary Baptist Church, a megachurch in unincorporated DeKalb County, Georgia, from 1987 until his death in 2017. 

## Career
When Long started as pastor for New Birth Church, there were 300 church members, which grew to 25,000. During this time, Long was found not guilty in Senate investigations concerning whether he personally profited from his church's tax-exempt status. 

Also, civil lawsuits were filed against him alleging sexual abuse of multiple underage male members of his parish. Long has denied wrongdoing through his attorneys and privately settled the lawsuits out of court for undisclosed amounts. 

## Death
Long died from cancer-related causes on January 15, 2017, aged 63.

## References
## Other websites
* New Birth Missionary Baptist Church
Frank Spellman

**Frank Isaac Spellman** (September 17, 1922 – January 12, 2017) was an American weightlifter. He set several Olympic records and earned a gold medal in 1948. Spellman has been elected to the United States Weightlifting Hall of Fame, the Helms Athletic Foundation Hall of Fame and the Porterville Quarterback Hall of Fame. He was born in Malvern, Pennsylvania.

In addition to being inducted into the Philadelphia Jewish Sports Hall of Fame in its class of 2003 / 2004, Spellman was inducted into the International Jewish Sports Hall of Fame in 1983. 

Spellman died on January 12, 2017 at the age of 94.

## References
Xavier University

**Xavier University** ( ) is a co-educational Jesuit, Catholic university located in Norwood, an enclave of Cincinnati, Ohio, United States. It was established in 1831.

The school is the sixth-oldest Catholic and fourth-oldest Jesuit university in the nation. Xavier has an undergraduate enrollment of 4,485 students and graduate enrollment of 2,165. Xavier is primarily an undergraduate, liberal arts institution.

## References
## Other websites
* 
* Xavier Athletics website
Greg Trooper

**Greg Trooper** (January 13, 1956 – January 15, 2017) was an American singer-songwriter. His songs have been recorded by many artists, including Steve Earle, Billy Bragg and Vince Gill.

## Early life
Trooper was born in Neptune Township, New Jersey, and raised in nearby Little Silver. He studied at the University of Kansas.

## Career
Trooper moved to New York City for the 1980s and part of the 1990s, where he formed The Greg Trooper Band along with Larry Campbell on guitar, Greg Shirley on bass and Walter Thompson on drums. During this time he recorded his first two records: ''We Won't Dance* and the critically acclaimed *Everywhere'' produced by Stewart Lerman.  

He also met songwriter/publisher Earl Shuman, who secured Trooper's first publishing deal with CBS Songs.  Trooper's records caught the attention of Steve Earle, who recorded Trooper's "Little Sister."

In the early 1990s, Trooper met E Street Band bassist Garry Tallent who, like Trooper, would move to Nashville. Tallent produced Trooper's 1996 album *Noises in the Hallway* and released it on his D'Ville Record Group label. 

*Popular Demons* followed in 1998, on Koch Records and produced by Buddy Miller. After the release of that album, Trooper signed with Nashville indie Eminent Records, which released *Straight Down Rain* in 2001.

## Death
Tropper died on January 15, 2017 in Nashville, Tennessee from pancreatic cancer, aged 61.

## References
## Other websites
* 
* Dutch website
* *No Depression*  Issue #33, May–June 2001 | "Greg Trooper: a New Jersey yankee in King Acuff's court" by Jim Musser
* *No Depression* Issue #44 March–April 2003 | Greg Trooper: Between A House And A Hard Place (McConigel's Mucky Duck) CD review by Barry Mazor
* Greg Trooper interview with Melissa Block, NPR "All Things Considered" April 5, 2005
* *USA Today* April 11, 2005 CD review by Brian Mansfield
Super Mario Run

**Super Mario Run** is a side-scrolling auto-running video game developed and published by Nintendo for iOS and Android devices. It was d first for iOS on December 15, 2016. It was released for Android in March 22, 2017.

## Gameplay
*Super Mario Run* has three game s. It has core game where the player controls Mario or other characters and automatically run across the screen while jumping to collect coins and other awards. It has a Toad Rally where players compete against ghosts of other players. It also has a Mushroom Kingdom area for players to expand using coins and other collectibles from the other game modes.

## References 
## Other websites 
*
David Modell

**David Modell** (born **David Orrick McDearmon, Jr.**; August 16, 1960 &ndash; January 13, 2017) was an American business executive and sports team owner. He was born in Willoughby, Ohio. He served as president and COO of the National Football League's Baltimore Ravens. Modell served as chairman for 3ality Digital, Inc..

Modell died on January 13, 2017 from lung cancer in Baltimore, Maryland, aged 56.

## References
Willoughby, Ohio

**Willoughby** is a city in Lake County, Ohio, United States and is a suburb of Cleveland. The population was 23,959 at the 2020 census.

Willoughby South High School: In 2017, the school dropped its "Rebel" mascot—a man dressed in a gray Confederate military outfit—but kept the "Rebel" nickname.
## References
## Other websites
* Willoughby, Ohio
* Willoughby Area Welcome Center 
* Willoughby branch of the Willoughby-Eastlake Public Library
Harwood Heights, Illinois

**Harwood Heights** is a village in Cook County, Illinois, United States. The population was 9,065 at the 2020 census. The current mayor is Arlene Jezierny. She is the second woman to serve as mayor in Harwood Heights, the first being Margaret Fuller.

## References
Mohammed bin Faisal Al Saud

**Mohammed bin Faisal Al Saud** (1937 – 14 January 2017) was a Saudi Arabian businessman and a member of the House of Saud. He was the son of King Faisal of Saudi Arabia and one of the early pioneers in the development of Islamic banking. He was born in Taif, Saudi Arabia.

Prince Mohammed served as the chairman of the board of trustees of the King Faisal Foundation. He was also a founding board member and trustee of Effat University.

Prince Mohammed bin Faisal died on 14 January 2017 in Mecca, Saudi Arabia at the age of 80.

## References
Nicodemo Scarfo

**Nicodemo Domenico "Little Nicky" Scarfo** (March 8, 1929 – January 15, 2017) was a member of the American Mafia who eventually became the Boss of the Philadelphia crime family after the death of Angelo Bruno and Phil Testa. 

During his criminal career, Scarfo was described by some as psychotic, cruel and vicious. From many accounts of his former criminal associates who testified against him, he would want to murder someone if he was shown the slightest bit of disrespect or even if he was stared at.

## References
John Wightman

**John Matthew Wightman** (October 2, 1938 – January 5, 2017) was an American politician from the state of Nebraska. He served two terms, from 2007 to 2015, in the Nebraska Legislature, representing a district in the central part of the state. Wightman was a member of the Republican Party. He was also mayor of Lexington, Nebraska.

Wightman died on January 5, 2017 of respiratory failure at the age of 78 in Lexington, Nebraska.

## References
Claude Steiner

**Claude M. Steiner** (6 January 1935 &ndash; 9 January 2016) was a French-born American psychotherapist and writer. He wrote about transactional analysis (TA). His writings have focused especially on life scripts, alcoholism, emotional literacy, and interpersonal power plays.

In the 1970s and '80s, Steiner was a founder and practitioner of Radical Psychiatry, a new approach to psychotherapy based in a social theory (of alienation) rather than a medical one (of individual pathology). Influenced by progressive movements of the time, work in this modality continues into the present and is gaining recent recognition worldwide.

Steiner died at his ranch in Ukiah, California on 9 January 2017, aged 81.

## References
Kevin Starr

**Kevin Starr** (September 3, 1940 &ndash; January 14, 2017) was an American historian. He was born in San Francisco, California. Starr was best known for his multi-volume series on the history of California, collectively called "Americans and the California Dream".

Starr died of a heart attack in San Francisco on January 14, 2017, aged 76.

## References
## Other websites
* 
* 
*
Steve Dillon

**Steve Dillon** (22 March 1962 &ndash; 22 October 2016) was a British comic book artist. He was best known for his work with writer Garth Ennis on *Hellblazer*, *Preacher* and *The Punisher*. He began his career in the 1970s. He was born in London and grew up in Luton, Bedfordshire.

Dillon died of problems caused by appendicitis on 22 October 2016 in Manhattan, New York, United States. He was 54.

## References
## Other websites
*
The Chainsmokers

**The Chainsmokers** are an American pop and electronic dance music duo. They are made up of Andrew “Drew” Taggart and Alexander “Alex” Pall. The Chainsmokers are from New York City.

The duo released their first extended play, *Bouquet*, in October 2015. Their song, "Roses", reached the Top 10 on *Billboard* Hot 100. In 2016, "Closer", with vocals from Halsey, became their first #1 single on the Hot 100 chart.

The duo have been one of the most successful EDM groups, being ranked as the third most popular group of the 2010s behind Imagine Dragons and One Direction.https://edm.com/news/the-chainsmokers-most-popular-groups-decade

## Albums 
* *Memories...Do Not Open* (2017)
* *Sick Boy* (2018)
* *World War Joy* (2019)
* *So Far So Good* (2022)

## References
Krottenspitze

The **Krottenspitze** is a mountain in the Allgäu Alps. It is  high. It is one of the few rocky summits of the main ridge that is visible from Oberstdorf. There are no marked routes to the Krottenspitze. It was first climbed in 1854 for survey work. It is made of Dolomite.
 (r) from the east flank of the Kratzer]]

## Other reading 
* *Das schöne Allgäu. Die Zeitschrift für Brauchtum, Kultur, Heimatpflege, Freizeit und Umwelt*, September 1970
* Thaddäus Steiner: *Allgäuer Bergnamen*, Lindenberg, Kunstverlag Josef Fink, 2007, 
* Thaddäus Steiner: *Die Flurnamen der Gemeinde Oberstdorf im Allgäu*, Munich, Selbstverlag des Verbandes für Flurnamenforschung in Bayern, 1972
* Zettler/Groth: *Alpenvereinsführer Allgäuer Alpen*. Munich, Bergverlag Rudolf Rother 1984.
Rick Parfitt

, 2013]]
**Richard John** "**Rick**" **Parfitt**, OBE (12 October 1948 &ndash; 24 December 2016) was an English musician, singer-songwriter and guitarist. He was born in Woking, Surrey. Parfitt was best known as a singer, songwriter and rhythm guitarist for rock band Status Quo.

Parfitt died, aged 68, on 24 December 2016 in a hospital in Marbella, Spain from sepsis complicated by an infected shoulder injury he suffered two days before.

## References
## Other websites
* Status Quo official website
* Obituary: Rick Parfitt From BBC News
Mark Fisher

**Mark Fisher** (11 July 1968 &ndash; 13 January 2017) was a British writer, cultural theorist and blogger. He was also known by his blogging name **k-punk** from 2003. He was known for his writing on radical politics, popular culture and music. He wrote books, including *Capitalist Realism* (2009). He also wrote as a journalist for *The Wire*, *The Guardian*, *Fact*, *New Statesman* and *Sight & Sound*. He was based at Goldsmiths, University of London.

Fisher died on 13 January 2017 at the age of 48. His wife, Zöe Fisher, said he had taken his own life.

## References
Marbella

**Marbella** is a city and municipality in southern Spain, belonging to the province of Málaga in the autonomous community of Andalusia. It is part of the Costa del Sol and is the headquarters of the Association of Municipalities of the region; it is also the head of the judicial district that bears its name.

## Background
Marbella is near the Mediterranean Sea, between Málaga and the Strait of Gibraltar, in the foothills of the Sierra Blanca. The municipality covers an area of  crossed by highways on the coast, which are its main entrances.

In 2012 the population of the city was 140,473 inhabitants, making it the second most populous city in the province of Málaga and the eighth in Andalusia. It is one of the most important tourist cities of the Costa del Sol and throughout most of the year is an international tourist attraction, due mainly to its climate and tourist infrastructure.

## Historical value
The city also has a significant archaeological heritage, several museums and performance spaces,  and a cultural calendar  with events ranging from reggae concerts  to opera performances.

## Climate
Marbella is protected on its northern side by the coastal mountains of the Cordillera Penibética and so enjoys a climate with an average annual temperature above . The highest peaks of the mountains are occasionally covered with snow, which usually melts in a day or two. Average rainfall is 628 l/m², while hours of sunshine average 2,900 annually.

## References
Howard Shore

**Howard Leslie Shore** (born October 18, 1946) is a Canadian composer, conductor, orchestrator and music producer. He is known for his movie scores. 

He has composed the scores for over 80 movies, mostly known for the scores for *The Lord of the Rings* and *The Hobbit* movie trilogies. 

Shore has also composed a few concert works including one opera, *The Fly*, based on the plot of David Cronenberg's 1986 movie premiered at the Théâtre du Châtelet in Paris on July 2, 2008, a short piece Fanfare for the Wanamaker Organ and the Philadelphia Orchestra, and a short overture for the Swiss 21st Century Symphony Orchestra.

In addition to his three Academy Award wins, Shore has also won three Golden Globe Awards and four Grammy Awards.

## References
Sumiko Mizukubo

is a Japanese silent movie actress. She acted in several movies of Naruse Mikio and Ozu Yasujiro. She quit movie-acting in 1935. She was known for her roles in *Chocolate Girl* (1930), *Apart From You* (1933), *Dragnet Girl* (1933) and in *Rappa to Musume* (1933).

## References
## Other websites
First inauguration of Donald Trump

The **inauguration of Donald Trump** as the 45th president of the United States happened on Friday, January 20, 2017, on the West Front of the United States Capitol Building in Washington, D.C.

The inauguration marked the beginning of the first four-year term of Donald Trump as president and of Mike Pence's only term as vice president. The presidential oath of office was administered to Trump by Chief Justice John Roberts on the Lincoln Bible and the vice presidential oath of office was administered to Pence by Associate Justice Clarence Thomas.

Benedictions were given by several clerics (among them a rabbi and reverend Franklin Graham, son of the retired reverend Billy Graham, who for decades gave benedictions at the inauguration of US presidents).

The main theme in the inauguration speech of President Trump was his focus on the interests of the United States ("America first!", "Make America Great Again").

Spectators were far fewer than at the inaugurations of his predecessor Barack Obama, although this was contested by President Trump and his spokesman. Most voters in Washington D.C. had voted for Hillary Clinton, Trump's main opponent in the 2016 presidential election.

Presidents Jimmy Carter, Bill Clinton, George W. Bush, and Barack Obama, along with their respective wives, the First Ladies (including Hillary Clinton), had all confirmed their attendance at Trump's inauguration, and were all present. George H. W. Bush, age 92, did not attend the inauguration due to health reasons.

Many groups applied for demonstration permits for Donald J. Trump's inauguration, including Bikers for Trump, and the Women's March on Washington, scheduled for the day after inauguration day. Most of the demonstrators were against the new president, and a few were rioters.

## References
## Other websites
* 
* Military District of Washington - 58th Presidential Inauguration  
* @TrumpInaugural - Official Twitter account of the 58th Presidential Inaugural Committee (PIC)
Amin Nasir

**Amin Nasir** ( &ndash; 16 January 2017) was a Singaporean football player and manager. He played as a defender for sides including Sembawang Rangers and Woodlands Wellington.

Amin was first diagnosed with colon cancer in 2012.

## References
Barry Cassin

**Barry Cassin** (1924 – 14 January 2017) was an Irish television, stage and screen actor.  He was born in Dublin.

On screen and on television, Cassin played mostly secondary roles such as in the recent movie *Byzantium*. Cassin's daughter, Anne, is a well-known journalist and news presenter for Raidió Teilifís Éireann.

Cassin died in Dublin on 14 January 2017, aged 92. 

## References
## Other websites
*
Royal Rumble (2014)

**Royal Rumble (2014)** was a professional wrestling pay-per-view (PPV) show made by WWE. It took place on January 26, 2014 at the Consol Energy Center in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. It was the 27th Royal Rumble event held by WWE and the first to be held in Pittsburgh.

Five matches happened at the event. The most important match was the Royal Rumble match. Batista won it by last eliminating Roman Reigns. In the match, Reigns eliminated twelve men, which broke Kane's record for most eliminations in a Royal Rumble match. Alexander Rusev also made his WWE main roster debut in the match.

The match is also known for being CM Punk's last wrestling match before he walked out of WWE. Punk later returned to wrestling at AEW's The First Dance in August 2021, and finally made his return to WWE at Survivor Series: WarGames two years later in November.

## Results 
## Royal Rumble entrances and eliminations 
 – **NXT** – **Winner**

Kane was already eliminated when he returned to eliminate CM Punk later in the match.

## References
Lists of state leaders by age

This article contains various **lists of state leaders organized by age**, defined as heads of state and/or heads of government.

## Oldest serving state leaders
### Top ten currently serving
People currently serving as head of state and/or head of government, a party leader of a one-party state, or a representative of a head of state.

### Top ten of all time
## Youngest serving state leaders
### Top ten currently serving
### Top ten since 1800
## Oldest state leaders
The following lists show the oldest people who have served office as state leader (not limited to their age while in office).

### Top ten living
### Top ten since 1800
## Notes
Shigeru Kōyama

.]]
 was a Japanese actor. He began acting in 1952. He appeared in *Samurai Rebellion* (1967), *Taiyō o Nusunda Otoko* (1979) and *Beyond Outrage* (2010). He was known in the United States for appearing in *Black Rain* (1986), starring Andy García, Michael Douglas and Ken Takakura. He was born in Kure, Hiroshima.

Kōyama died from pneumonia on 3 January 2017 in Kyoto Prefecture. He was 87.

## References
## Other websites
*
Ferdinand Peroutka

**Ferdinand Peroutka** (6 February 1895 – 20 April 1978) was a Czech journalist and writer. He is considered to be one of the most important journalists in Czech history.

## Life 
### Early career 
From 1919 to 1924 he worked as editor of magazine *Tribuna* (Tribune), then from 1924 to 1939 he was editor-in-chief of revue *Přítomnost* (Presence). His activity was supported by T. G. Masaryk, who also contributed to his magazines. Peroutka was also wrote about politics in *Lidové noviny,* where he wrote against Nazis and communists, whose idelogies he saw as dangerous. For this he was frequently attacked by members of those parties. He also openly criticiced Adolf Hitler, for his lies and false promises. 

### World War II 
After German occupation of Czechoslovakia in 1939, Peroutka was forced to write propaganda for the Nazis. He didn't listen and in April 1939 issue of *Přítomnost* he wrote an article *Dynamický život* (Dynamic life) about the 50th birthday of Adolf Hitler. In this article he acknowledged Hitler's power, but refused that Czechs should listen to him. For this he was sent to concentration camp, but was released after few days. Although, a few months later in September 1939 he was jailed again, along with other potential enemies of Nazi regime.

Peroutka was jailed in concentration camps Dachau and Buchenwald, where he was liberated by American army in 1945.

### After the war 
After the war Peroutka became editor-in-chief of *Svobodné noviny* and *Dnešek,* that replaced his previous magazines.

In those years he was repeatedly accused  by communists of sympathizing with Nazis. Peroutka refused those claims. The alleged evidence of the communists were articles *Dynamický život* and *Hitler po lidské strance* (Hitler with a human face), that Peroutka didn't actually write.

Many years later in 2015, Czech president Miloš Zeman claimed that Peroutka was fascinated by Nazism and wrote an article called *Hitler je gentleman* (Hitler is gentleman). Although this was not proved, Zeman refused to offer an excuse. Zeman was eventually forced by the court to apologize for his false statement.

In the years 1945-1946 he was a member of the parliament for Czech National Social Party.

### Exile 
After Soviets assumed control over Czech government in 1948 Peroutka went to exile. First he went to England and later to United States. He worked for Radio Free Europe in Munich and was one of the members of The Council of Free Czechoslovakia.

Peroutka became one of the most important anti-communist personalities and his works were banned behind Iron Curtain. Reading and spreading his work was illegal and Communist government pretented he never existed. Because of this Czechs growing up after normalization had practically no way to find out who he was.

Peroutka died in 1978 in New York. After Velvet revolution he was buried on Vyšehrad in 1991.

## References
Lieutenant Governor of Iowa

The **Lieutenant Governor of Iowa** is a assistant governor. If the governor quits or dies, then the lieutenant governor will become governor of the state. The current Lieutenant Governor is Republican Chris Cournoyer since 2024.

Before 1990, the governor and lieutenant governor were elected in separate elections; since then they have run together on the same ticket.

## List
## Notes
## Other websites
*
Epsom Downs railway station

**Epsom Downs** railway station is a station in the borough of Reigate and Banstead. It opened in 1865. The only operator for this station is Southern.

## Platforms
There is only one platform for this station and it is used for trains towards London Victoria via Norbury. There is no Sunday service for this station.

## Frequency
This list shows the frequency of trains on typical off-peak hours.

### Up (northbound)
* 2 tph to London Victoria via Norbury

## Departures
This table shows the departures from this station with the calling points and the time that is taken to  get to the end of the line.

## Other websites
* http://ojp.nationalrail.co.uk/service/ldbboard/dep/EPD
* http://www.nationalrail.co.uk/stations_destinations/EPD.aspx
Cuvier's dwarf caiman

The '''Cuvier's dwarf caiman'* (*Paleosuchus palpebrosus''), also called a **musky caiman** and **dwarf caiman**, is a genus of Caiman native to northern and central South America. They are the smallest living crocodilians in South America. They live in freshwater lakes. It was first described by the French zoologist, Georges Cuvier, in 1807. They grow up to  long for males and  long for females. Cuvier's dwarf caiman weigh between  and . They live up to 40 years. Cuvier's dwarf caiman was first described by the French zoologist Georges Cuvier in
1807. It is one of only two species in the genus Paleosuchus. The Cuvier's dwarf caiman has an average length of 1.4 m (4.6 ft) for males. The average length for females is 1.2 m (3.9 ft). An adult weighs around 6 to 7 kg (13 to 15 lb). It has strong body armor, which provides protection against predators. Young dwarf caimans mainly
feed on invertebrates. It also eats small fish and frogs. Adults eat larger fish,
amphibians, and invertebrates, such as large molluscs. It is listed Least concern.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Cuvier's Dwarf Caiman (Paleosuchus palpebrosus) feeding video; YouTube
Franca Sozzani

**Franca Sozzani** (20 January 1950 &ndash; 22 December 2016) was an Italian journalist. She was the editor-in-chief of *Vogue Italia* from 1988 until her death in 2016. She was born in Mantua. Her son, Francesco Carrozzini (born 1982), is a director and photographer.

Sozzani died after a long illness on 22 December 2016 in Milan. She was 66.

## References
Aleksandr Ezhevsky

**Aleksandr Aleksandrovich Ezhevsky** (; 3 November 1915 &ndash; 15 January 2017) was a Soviet Russian statesman and politician. He served as the minister of tractor and agricultural machinery (engineering) of the USSR from 1980 to 1988. He was given for Order of Lenin awards. He was born in Tulun, Irkutsk Governorate of Siberia.

Ezhevsky turned 100 in 2015. He died on 15 January 2017 at the age of 101.

## References
Franz Jarnach

**Franz Jarnach** (14 October 1943 &ndash; 16 January 2017) was a German actor and musician. He was also known by his stage name **Mr. Piggi**. He was best for his role as Schildkröte in the improv comedy series *Dittsche*. He appeared in the series at least 188 times between 2004 and 2014. He was a pianist for the 1960s British beat group Lee Curtis and the All-Stars. He appeared on the music program *Beat-Club* with the group twice. He was also a member of the rock band The Rattles during the early 1990s.

Jarnach was born in the Bad Godesberg district of Bonn, North Rhine-Westphalia. His father, Philipp Jarnach (1892–1982), was a composer.

Jarnach died from a heart attack on 16 January 2017 in Hamburg. He was 73.

## References
## Other websites
*  
*
Zdeněk Svěrák

**Zdeněk Svěrák** (born 28th March 1936 in Prague) is best known as a Czech actor and writer. He is also a noted playwright and songwriter. He is the holder of 3 Magnesia Litera awards and 3 Czech Leo awards. He studied at the Pedagogic University and was a teacher. After 4 years as a teacher, he started to work in Czechoslovak radio. There he met musician Jaroslav Uhlíř and since then he collaborated with him. 

Zdeněk Svěrák and Ladislav Smoljak are creators of czech most famous entertaining genious person Jára Cimrman. They have made 13 theatre plays about him and his life. As actor he appears in czech classic movies as: Na samotě u lesa, Marečku, podejte mi pero!, Trhák, Tři veteráni, Obecná škola or Vratné Láhve. He ed the Theater of Jara Cimrman in 1966. Zdeněk Svěrák starred in the movie. In 2014 he was awarded the President's Prize for lifetime achievements ad the Karlovy Vary International Film Festival.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Zdenek Sverák Biography at IMDb
Vicki Lansky

**Vicki Lee Lansky** (née **Rogosin**; January 6, 1942 &ndash; January 15, 2017) was an American author and publisher. She wrote parenting books and other advice books. She wrote over forty books, first with *Feed Me I’m Yours*. Other books she wrote include *Divorce Book for Parents*, *101 Ways To Tell Your Sweetheart "I Love You"* and five "101 Ways" books. Her books sold over six million copies.

Lansky was born in Louisville, Kentucky and grew up in Westchester, New York. She had two children with her first husband, Bruce. They later divorced. In 2008, she married Stephen M. Schaefer.

Lansky died from cirrhosis on January 15, 2017 in Plymouth, Minnesota. She was 75.

## References
Věra Čáslavská

**Věra Čáslavská** (3 May 1942 – 30 August 2016) was a Czechoslovakian artistic gymnast and Czech sportswoman. She was very attractive, cheerful and popular with the general public. Věra Čáslavská won 22 international titles between 1959 and 1968, including seven Olympic gold medals, four World titles and eleven European championship. Čáslavská and Soviet Larisa Latynina, they are only two female gymnasts, who win the all-around gold medal at two consecutive Olympics. In years 1964 - 1968 she wasn’t never lose out in big competition in multicontest.

## Life 
She was born in Prague. She did ballet and figure skating when she was small. In 2015 she met Eva Bosáková and with her they started to do gymnastics.

Shortly after the 1968 Olympics, Čáslavská was married with runner Josef Odložil**.** He was a silver medalist at the 1964 Olympics in Tokyo. They had ceremony at the Mexico City Cathedral.

In 1969 was born her daughter Radka and in 1974 son Martin. The couple divorced in 1987.

She became a president Václav Havel’s counselor for social issues and sport in January 1990 and since 1991 she worked as his assistant.

In next ten years she was alone and she don’t associate with anyone.  Čáslavská lived in a nursing home. She was treated with depression in mental home in Bohnice and added addiction on pharmaceuticals. Fortunately in 2007 she came back with great enthusiasm and she began helping Czech athletes. But in summer 2015 she was diagnosed with pancreatic cancer, which next year has worsened. In her final days she was taken to a hospital in Prague on 30 August, where she died at the age of 74. Her funeral took place in the narrow family circle on 8 September in 2016 and her remains were cremated at the crematorium Šumperk.

## Filmography 
Věra 68 - it’s a feature movie, overhead Olga Sommerová.

## Interest 
After Věra Čáslavská is named asteroid (26986) Čáslavská (improvised name 1997 VC5).
Eugene Cernan

**Eugene Andrew** "**Gene**" **Cernan** (; March 14, 1934 &ndash; January 16, 2017), (CAPT, USN, Ret.) was an American naval officer and Naval Aviator, electrical engineer, aerospace engineer, fighter pilot, and NASA astronaut.

Cernan was born in Chicago, Illinois. He was raised in Bellwood, Illinois and in Maywood, Illinois. He studied at Purdue University and at the Naval Postgraduate School. 

He traveled into space three times: as Pilot of Gemini 9A in June 1966, as Lunar Module Pilot of Apollo 10 in May 1969, and as Commander of Apollo 17 in December 1972, the final Apollo lunar landing.

On Apollo 17, Cernan became the eleventh person to walk on the Moon and the most recent man to walk on the Moon since he was the last to re-enter the Lunar Module *Challenger* after the mission's third and final mission. Cernan was also a backup crew member for the Gemini 12, Apollo 7 and Apollo 14 space missions.

Cernan died on January 16, 2017 at a hospital in Houston, Texas, aged 82.

## References
## Other websites
*Last Man on the Moon
*Gene Cernan flies the Windows-based "Eagle Lander 3D" Simulator 
*Eugene Cernan at the Internet Movie Database
*Spacefacts biography of Eugene Cernan
*Cernan at Encyclopedia of Science
*Cernan at Spaceacts
*Cernan at International Space Hall of Fame
Jan Jánský

**Jan** **Jánský** (30 March 1873 in Prague,Czech Republic - 8 September 1921 in Černošice) was a neurologist and psychiatrist. He was the first to divide human blood into the four types (A, B, AB, 0) of the AB0 blood group system. His discovery saved millions of lives.

## His life 
He studied medicine at Charles University in Prague. From 1899 he worked in a psychiatric clinic. He became a professor at Charles University and a doctor of medicine.

### World war I 
He served as a doctor for 2 years on the front lines. After suffering a heart attack in 1916, he was dismissed from the army. After that he was in charge of the department of Neurology and Forensic Psychiatry at the Central Military Hospital in Prague.

He suffered from angina pectoris. Jánský died of Coronary artery disease.

## Points of Interest 
Jánský was a promoter of blood donations. Donators of Czech Republic or Slovakia receive a medal. In 1953 he was the subject of a movie directed by Martin Frič.

## References
Emil Zátopek

**Emil Zátopek** (19 September 1922 - 22 November 2000) was a Czechoslovak runner from town Kopřivnice. He is mostly known for winning 3 gold medals at the 1952 Summer Olympic games in Helsinki. He won in 5,000 metres, 10,000 metres runs and in marathon. He finished Industrial high school in Zlin. He  at the Military Academy in Prague. His wife was Dana, also an olympic athlete. They were married in 1948. In Helsinki she competed in jevelin. She won a gold medal at the same day as Zátopek. His olympic rivals (friends) called him "Czech Locomotive". In 1997 he was called the best Czech athlete of 20th century. Then in 1999, he was declared the best Olympian in Czech history. Altogether he won six Olympic medals, five European Championship and he broke the records for 18 times. His life credo was: "*Are you running out of breath? Go faster!*"

## Career 
His Career began at an elementary school in Zlin. There he ran at school events with good results. He accepted an invitation to train with Zlin´s athletes. He mostly trained by himself with his own running system. He ran  sections with multiple repetitions. In 1943 he tried his first 5,000 metres run and the year after that he set his first record at 2,000 metres track. His most successful event were Summer Olympic games in 1952 where he won 3 gold medals. After that he went through an operation for a hernia. Zátopek´s athlete career ended in 1958 then he worked as a minister (Christianity).

## References
John W. Young

Captain **John Watts Young** (September 24, 1930 &ndash; January 5, 2018) was an American astronaut, naval officer and aviator, test pilot, and aeronautical engineer. He became the ninth person to walk on the Moon as Commander of the Apollo 16 mission in 1972. Young was on the first orbital Space Shuttle mission, STS-1, in April 1981. He was the only person to have piloted, and been commander of, four different classes of spacecraft: Gemini, the Apollo Command/Service Module, the Apollo Lunar Module, and the Space Shuttle.

Young was born in San Francisco, California. He studied at the Georgia Institute of Technology where he was a member of the Sigma Chi Fraternity. In 1956, Young married Barbara White. They divorced in 1972. They had two children. Young died of complications from pneumonia in Houston, Texas on January 5, 2018 at the age of 87.

## References
## Other websites
*Young's official NASA biography
*
*
Len Deighton

**Leonard Cyril Deighton** (; 18 February 1929 &ndash; 15 March 2026), known as **Len Deighton**, was a British author. He was thought to be one of the top three spy novelists of his time (along with Ian Fleming and John le Carré). 

He was a well known military historian, cookery writer, and graphic artist. His first book, *The IPCRESS File*, was an instant bestseller. The Sunday Times called him "the poet of the spy story". 

Deighton was born in the London inner-city of Marylebone. He studied at St Marylebone Grammar School, at Saint Martin's School of Art and at the Royal College of Art. He was married to Ysabele Deighton. 

Deighton died on 15 March 2026 at his home in Guernsey, Channel Islands at the age of 97.

## References
Sergei Makarov

**Sergei Mikhailovich Makarov** (; born 19 June 1958 in Chelyabinsk, Soviet Union) is a Russian former ice hockey right wing. He was a two-time Olympic gold medalist. He was voted one of six players to the International Ice Hockey Federation's (IIHF) Centennial All-Star Team. This was in a poll conducted by a group of 56 experts from 16 countries.

## References
Aswat

**Aswat** (Arabic: أصوات) is a Palestinian group for lesbian rights. Rauda Morcos is the co-founder. Aswat means "voices" in the Arabic language. The formation of the group started in 2000.

## History 
Aswat started around the year 2000 as an online forum for discussion on the internet.
* Pause Girls, ( "وقفة بنات" ) 2009.
* Activist voices, ( "أصوات ناشطة" ) 2012.
* About Homosexuality, ( "عن المثليّة" ) 2013.

## Other websites 
* Aswat 
* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aswat

## References
Kaliningrad Time

**Kaliningrad Time (UZ1)** is a time zone in western Russia that applies to the city of Kaliningrad. It is 2 hours ahead of Coordinated Universal Time (UTC+02:00) since October 2014. Originally, under president Dmitry Medvedev's law in 2011, Kaliningrad Time was UTC+03:00 hours, the same time as the Further-eastern European Time and Eastern European Summer Time in the summer. Russia does not currently observe daylight saving time (DST).

## References
Hans Berliner

**Hans Jack Berliner** (January 27, 1929 &ndash; January 13, 2017) was a German-born American computer scientist and chess player. He was born in Berlin and of Jewish descent.

He was Professor of Computer Science at Carnegie Mellon University, was a former World Correspondence Chess Champion, from 1965–68. He was a Grandmaster of Correspondence Chess and an International Master for over-the-board chess. He directed the construction of the chess computer HiTech, and was also a published chess writer.

Berliner died on January 13, 2017 in Riviera Beach, Florida at the age of 87.

## References
## Other websites
*Oral History of Hans Berliner
Brachistochrone curve

A **Brachistochrone curve** is the fastest path for a ball to roll between two points that are at different heights. A ball can roll along the curve faster than a straight line between the points. And the bottom one would be faster then the top.

The curve will always be the quickest route regardless of how strong gravity is or how heavy the object is. However, it might not be the quickest if there is friction.

The curve can be found using calculus of variations and optimal control.
## References 
## Other websites 
* The straight line, the catenary, the brachistochrone, the circle, and Fermat Unified approach to some geodesics (from 2014)
M. M. Ruhul Amin

**M. M. Ruhul Amin** (23 December 1942 &ndash; 17 January 2017) was a Bangladeshi politician and judge. He served as the Chief Justice of Bangladesh from 1 June 2008 to 22 December 2009. He studied at the University of Dhaka. He was born in Lakshmipur District.

Amin died after an illness on 17 January 2017 in Bukit Merah, Singapore. He was 74.

## References
Heliodor Píka

General **Heliodor Píka** (July 3, 1897 Štítina – June 21, 1949 Plzeň ) was a Czechoslovakian army officer. He is also well known as  of Czechoslovakian anti-Nazi resistance and a victim of communism.

## Early life 
Heliodor Píka was born on July 3,1897 in Štítina near Opava. His father was Ignác Píka, who was a wheelwright. In 1915 he graduated from the Gymnasium in Opava. Originally, he wanted to  Pharmacy. In 1916 he was sent to the Galician front. On July 28, 1916, he was captured by Russian units in Berestechko. Later he joined Czechoslovakian legion.

## Czechoslovak Army 
In 1917 he was sent to the Western front in France. In Le Havre he went through  military training. He fought there until 1919.

In 1920 he graduated from École spéciale militaire de Saint-Cyr. He became a teacher at the Military academy in Hranice. In the 1930s, Píka acted as a military attaché to Romania and Turkey.

 In 1941 he cooperated with Czechoslovakian units in USSR. They were supported by Czechoslovakian government in exile. He also attended the ceremonial signing of the Czechoslovak-Soviet treaty. In 1943 he was promoted to the rank of brigadier general. After the war, he was promoted to major general and served as Deputy Chief of Staff.

## Execution 
At the time of the February coup, General Píka was ill. In March 1948, he had to stay at the military hospital in Prague. While he was , General Reicin ordered him to be arrested and interrogated. He was ly d of spying and of High treason. In January 26 to 28, 1948 he was tried and sentenced to death. The execution took place in the prison in Plzeň on June 21, 1948.

## Rehabilitation 
Thanks to Milan Píka, who was Píkas son, his case was reviewed. A military court proved that there is no single piece of evidence, which would convict him. On December 13, 1968 he was cleared of all charges and fully rehabilitated.

## References
Christen-Democratisch en Vlaams

**Christen-Democratisch en Vlaams** (shortened to *CD&V*) is a Flemish political party in Belgium. It belongs to the political ideology of the Christian democrats.
Colo (gorilla)

**Colo** (December 22, 1956 &ndash; January 17, 2017) was an American Western gorilla. She was known as the first gorilla to be born in captivity anywhere in the world and as the oldest known gorilla in the world. Colo was born at the Columbus Zoo and Aquarium near Powell, Ohio. Colo's name came from the place of her birth, **Col**umbus, **O**hio. Tomatoes were her favorite food.

Colo died in her sleep on January 17, 2017 at the Columbus Zoo and Aquarium, aged 60.

## References
## Other websites
* Colo's family tree on Flickr
Killing of Harambe

**Harambe** was a gorilla at the Cincinnati Zoo and Botanical Garden. On May 28, 2016, a three-year-old boy ("Isaiah Dickerson") climbed into a gorilla enclosure at the zoo and was grabbed and dragged by Harambe, a 17-year-old Western lowland gorilla. Fearing for the boy's life, a zoo worker shot and killed Harambe. It was recorded on video and was shown on news services around the world. There was a lot of argument about the decision to kill Harambe.

## History 
### Early life 
Harambe was born at the Gladys Porter Zoo in Brownsville, Texas, on May 27, 1999. He was named by Dan Van Coppenolle, a local area counselor who won a naming contest sponsored by the zoo. He came up with the name after listening to the 1988 song "Harambe (Working Together for Freedom)" by Rita Marley, widow of Bob Marley.

### Death 
On May 28, 2016, a 3-year-old boy was visiting the Cincinnati Zoo and he fell into the moat at the zoo due to lack of parent supervision.

The boy climbed a fence, crawled through bushes, and fell  into a moat of shallow water. Zoo workers signaled for the three gorillas to go back inside, the two females went back inside. The third gorilla, a male silverback gorilla named Harambe climbed down to the moat to see the boy splashing in the water. Cincinnati firefighters said the boy was between Harambe's legs when Harambe was shot. The boy was taken to Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, his injuries weren't life-threatening.

### Aftermath 
A number of primatologists and conservationists said that the zoo had no other choice under the circumstances, and that they did the right thing.

The boy's mother also became the target of harassment on the internet and social media. On June 6, 2016, the Ohio prosecutor said that the mother would not face any charges of wrongdoing. The zoo was being investigated by the Association of Zoos and Aquariums (AZA), which sets the standards for zoos, and the USDA.

Experts Jack Hanna and Jane Goodall defended the zoo's actions in killing Harambe.

## Memes
Many internet memes were made, which often  claimed that the death of Harambe caused several major events, such as the return of the Taliban, the COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent toilet paper shortages, the January 6th US Capitol attack, the GameStop short squeeze, the Russian invasion of Ukraine, and Fortnite dancing. The director encouraged people to stop making these memes. In Australia, people joked about supporting Harambe's corpse as a write-in candidate on the ballot for the federal election. Public Policy Polling included Harambe in their polling for the U.S. presidential election. Harambe had 5% support in late July 2016 (ahead of Green Party nominee Jill Stein) and 2% in August 2016 (tied with Stein).

## References
American Pharoah

**American Pharoah** (born 2011; foaled February 2, 2012) is an American Thoroughbred racehorse. He won the American Triple Crown and the Breeders' Cup Classic in 2015. In winning all four races, he became the first horse to win the "Grand Slam" of American horse racing. He won the 2015 Eclipse Award for Horse of the Year and 2015 Champion three-year-old.

He was bred and owned throughout his racing career by Ahmed Zayat of Zayat Stables, trained by Bob Baffert, and ridden in most of his races by Victor Espinoza. He now stands  at stud at Ashford Stud in Kentucky.

His sire was Pioneerof the Nile and his dam was Littleprincessemma.

## References
David Poythress

**David B. Poythress** (October 24, 1943 &ndash; January 15, 2017) was an American politician and military commander. He was born in Bibb County, Georgia.

He has served terms as Secretary of State and Commissioner of Labor of the state of Georgia. Poythress also served as the Adjutant General of the Georgia National Guard from 1999 until 2007, initially appointed by Governor Roy Barnes and reappointed by Governor Sonny Perdue. He retired as a Lieutenant General.

Pothyress died on January 15, 2017 in Cartersville, Georgia at the age of 73.

## References
Scottish Government

The **Scottish Government** is the national, devolved government of Scotland.  It has power over many aspects of government in Scotland, from providing health care, to justice, through to education.
Donald Trump Jr.

**Donald John Trump Jr.** (born December 31, 1977), or known as **Don Jr.**, is an American businessman and television personality. He is the eldest child of President Donald Trump and his first wife Ivana Trump.

Trump serves as a trustee and executive vice president of the Trump Organization, running the company alongside his younger brother Eric. During their father's first presidency, the brothers continued to engage in deals and investments in foreign countries and collect payments at their U.S. properties from foreign governments. 

He also served as a boardroom judge on the reality TV show featuring his father, *The Apprentice*. He authored the books *Triggered* in 2019 and *Liberal Privilege* in 2020.

## References
Eric Trump

**Eric Frederick Trump** (born January 6, 1984) is an American businessman, philanthropist, activist, television personality. He is the third child and second son of President Donald Trump and his first wife Ivana Trump.

Trump is a trustee and executive vice president of his father's business, the Trump Organization, running it alongside his older brother Donald Jr. Trump and his brother took over the company during their father's presidency.

In 2006, he founded the Eric Trump Foundation, which raises money for St. Jude Children's Research Hospital.

## References