November 10

## Events 
### Up to 1950 
* 1444 &ndash; Battle of Varna: King Wladyslaw of Poland and Hungary is killed, after defeat to the Turks under Murad II.
* 1520 &ndash; King Christian II of Denmark orders the execution of dozens of people in the Stockholm Bloodbath, after successfully invading Sweden.
* 1619 &ndash; René Descartes has the dreams that inspire his Meditations on First Philosophy.
* 1674 &ndash; The Netherlands cedes the New Netherland to England.
* 1775 &ndash; United States Marine Corps is created.
* 1799 &ndash; Napoleon Bonaparte becomes French consul.
* 1821 &ndash; Cry of Independence by Rufina Alfaro at La Villa de los Santos, Panama, sets into motion a revolt which will lead to Panama's independence from Spain and to it immediately becoming part of Colombia.
* 1847 &ndash; Passenger ship *Stephen Whitney* is wrecked in thick fog off Ireland, killing 92 out of the 110 people on board.
* 1865 &ndash; Major Henry Wirz, superintendent of a prison camp in Andersonville, Georgia, US, is hanged.
* 1871 &ndash; Henry Morton Stanley locates the explorer David Livingstone in Ujiji, Tanzania.
* 1890 &ndash; At Cabo Vilan, Spain, British ship HMS *Serpent* of the Royal Navy sinks in stormy seas, killing 172 people, with 3 being able to swim to safety.
* 1909 &ndash; The first outdoor ice rink opens in Vienna.
* 1918 &ndash; Kaiser Wilhelm II of Germany, following the declaring of a Republic in Germany, goes into exile in the Netherlands.
* 1928 &ndash; Coronation of Hirohito as Emperor of Japan.
* 1938 &ndash; The Kristallnacht ends. About 30 000 Jews are moved to concentration camps, and over 1500 synagogues are partly destroyed.
* 1938 &ndash; President of Turkey Mustafa Kemal Atatürk dies.
* 1940 &ndash; The 1940 Vrancea earthquake in Romania kills around 1,000 people.
* 1942 &ndash; World War II: Germany invades Vichy France following French admiral Francois Darlan's agreement to an armistice with the allies in North Africa.
* 1944 &ndash; The ammunition ship USS *Mount Hood* explodes at Manus, Admiralty Islands, killing at least 432 people.
* 1945 &ndash; Heavy fighting in Surabaya between Indonesian nationalists and returning colonists after World War II.
* 1946 &ndash; An earthquake in the Ancash region of Peru kills 1,400 people.

### From 1951 
* 1951 &ndash; The US' first direct coast–to–coast service begins, between New Jersey and California.
* 1954 &ndash; US President Dwight D. Eisenhower dedicates the USMC War Memorial in Arlington National Cemetery.
* 1958 &ndash; The Hope Diamond is donated to the Smithsonian Institution by New York diamond merchant Harry Winston.
* 1969 &ndash; The television show *Sesame Street* airs for the first time in the United States.
* 1970 &ndash; For the first time in five years, a week passes without reports of US Military casualties in Vietnam.
* 1970 &ndash; Soviet lunar probe *Lunokhod 1* is launched.
* 1971 &ndash; In Cambodia, Khmer Rouge forces attack Phnom Penh and its airport, killing 44 people. 
* 1975 &ndash; The SS Edmund Fitzgerald sinks during a storm on Lake Superior, killing all 29 crew members on board.
* 1975 &ndash; The UN General Assembly approves a resolution equating Zionism with Racism. This is repealed (removed) by 1991.
* 1978 &ndash; Larry Holmes wins the World Heavyweight Boxing title against Alfredo Evangelista.
* 1982 &ndash; Soviet leader Leonid Brezhnev dies, being succeeded by Yuri Andropov, who himself dies only 15 months later, in February 1984.
* 1989 &ndash; Bulgaria's Communist regime under Todor Zhivkov falls.
* 1995 &ndash; Nine Nigerian human rights activists are executed, including the writer Ken Saro-Wiwa.
* 2001 &ndash; Apple Inc. starts selling the IPod.
* 2008 &ndash; Over five months after landing on Mars, NASA declares the Phoenix mission finished, after communication with the lander was lost.
* 2009 &ndash; Ships from the North Korean and South Korean navies clash off Daecheong Island in the Yellow Sea.
* 2009 &ndash; John Allen Muhammad is executed for the Beltway sniper attacks.
* 2011 &ndash; Lucas Papademos is chosen to lead a caretaker government in Greece.
* 2012 &ndash; Four days after the United States Presidential Election, Florida is given to Barack Obama, sealing his 332–206 Electoral College win over Mitt Romney.
* 2013 &ndash; Marc Marquez becomes the youngest Moto GP world champion.
* 2014 &ndash; A suicide bomb attack at a school in northeastern Nigeria kills 48 people.
* 2019 &ndash; Spain holds its second general election in less than seven months, with the governing Socialist Party under Pedro Sánchez remaining the largest party but the far–right Vox Party doubling its number of seats.
* 2019 &ndash; Evo Morales resigns as President of Bolivia during a political crisis in the country over his disputed re–election on October 20.

## Births 
### Up to 1800 
* 1232 &ndash; Haakon the Young, King of Norway (d. 1257)
* 1341 &ndash; Henry Percy, 1st Earl of Northumberland, English statesman (d. 1408)
* 1433 &ndash; Charles the Bold, Duke of Burgundy (d. 1477)
* 1480 &ndash; Bridget of York, English nun and princess (d. 1517)
* 1483 &ndash; Martin Luther, German Protestant reformer (d. 1546)
* 1547 &ndash; Gerhard Truchsess von Waldburg, Archbishop–Elector of Cologne (d. 1601)
* 1565 &ndash; Laurentius Paulinus Gothus, Swedish theologian and astronomer (d. 1646)
* 1577 &ndash; Jacob Cats, Dutch poet, jurist and politician (d. 1660)
* 1668 &ndash; François Couperin, French composer (d. 1733)
* 1683 &ndash; George II, German–born King of Britain (d. 1760)
* 1695 &ndash; John Bevis, English physician and astronomer (d. 1771)
* 1697 &ndash; Louise Hippolyte, Princess of Monaco (d. 1731)
* 1697 &ndash; William Hogarth, English artist (d. 1764)
* 1710 &ndash; Adam Gottlob Moltke, Danish statesman (d. 1792)
* 1720 &ndash; Honoré III, Prince of Monaco (d. 1795)
* 1728 &ndash; Oliver Goldsmith, Anglo–Irish playwright (d. 1774)
* 1735 &ndash; Granville Sharp, English abolitionist (d. 1813)
* 1740 &ndash; Maria Kunigunde of Saxony (d. 1826)
* 1755 &ndash; Franz Anton Ries, German violinist (d. 1846)
* 1759 &ndash; Friedrich Schiller, German writer (d. 1805)

### 1801 &ndash; 1900 
* 1801 &ndash; Vladimir Dal, Russian lexicographer (d. 1872)
* 1801 &ndash; Samuel Gridley Howe, American social reformer (d. 1876)
* 1807 &ndash; Robert Blum, German politician and revolutionary (d. 1848)
* 1810 &ndash; George Jennings, English plumber and engineer (d. 1882)
* 1829 &ndash; Elwin Bruno Christoffel, German astronomer (d. 1900)
* 1834 &ndash; José Hernández, Argentine journalist, poet and politician (d. 1886)
* 1845 &ndash; Miguel Antonio Caro, 2nd President of Colombia (d. 1909)
* 1845 &ndash; John Sparrow David Thompson, Prime Minister of Canada (d. 1894)
* 1851 &ndash; Francis Maitland Balfour, Scottish biologist (d. 1882)
* 1859 &ndash; Théophile Steinlen, Swiss–French artist (d. 1923)
* 1861 &ndash; Robert T. A. Innes, Scottish astronomer (d. 1933)
* 1862 &ndash; Chester Hardy Aldrich, 17th Governor of Nebraska (d. 1924)
* 1868 &ndash; Gichin Funakoshi, Japanese martial artist (d. 1957)
* 1871 &ndash; Winston Churchill, American novelist (d. 1947)
* 1873 &ndash; Henri Rabaud, French composer (d. 1949)
* 1875 &ndash; Hansi Niese, Austrian actress (d. 1934)
* 1878 &ndash; Jorge Ubico, President of Guatemala (d. 1946)
* 1879 &ndash; Patrick Pearse, Irish writer and political activist (d. 1916)
* 1880 &ndash; Jacob Epstein, American sculptor (d. 1959)
* 1883 &ndash; Olaf Bull, Norwegian poet (d. 1933)
* 1886 &ndash; Edward Joseph Collins, American pianist, conductor and composer (d. 1951)
* 1887 &ndash; Elisa Leonida Zamfirescu, Romanian engineer (d. 1973)
* 1887 &ndash; Arnold Zweig, German writer (d. 1968)
* 1888 &ndash; Andrei Tupolev, Russian aircraft designer (d. 1972)
* 1888 &ndash; Juan Antonio Ríos, President of Chile (d. 1946)
* 1889 &ndash; Claude Rains, British–American actor (d. 1967)
* 1890 &ndash; El Lissitzky, American artist (d. 1941)
* 1892 &ndash; Mabel Normand, American actress and director (d. 1930)
* 1893 &ndash; John P. Marquand, American writer (d. 1960)
* 1895 &ndash; John Knudsen Northrop, American industrialist and aircraft designer (d. 1981)
* 1896 &ndash; Jimmy Dykes, American baseball player and manager (d. 1976)
* 1897 &ndash; Antonio Pons, Acting President of Ecuador (d. 1980)
* 1899 &ndash; Swami Satyabhakta, Indian guru, philosopher and scholar (d. 1998)

### 1901 &ndash; 1950 
* 1905 &ndash; Louis Harold Gray, British physicist and radiologist (d. 1965)
* 1907 &ndash; Jane Froman, American actress and singer (d. 1980)
* 1909 &ndash; Pawel Jasienica, Polish historian (d. 1970)
* 1909 &ndash; Johnny Marks, American songwriter (d. 1985)
* 1911 &ndash; Harry Andrews, English actor (d. 1989)
* 1912 &ndash; Jean-Hilaire Aubame, Prime Minister of Gabon (d. 1989)
* 1914 &ndash; Edmund Conen, German footballer (d. 1990)
* 1916 &ndash; Dr. Tangalanga, Argentine comedian (d. 2013)
* 1918 &ndash; Ernst Otto Fischer, German chemist (d. 2007)
* 1919 &ndash; Mikhail Kalashnikov, Russian inventor of the AK-47 (d. 2013)
* 1920 &ndash; Maurice Clavel, French writer and philosopher (d. 1979)
* 1920 &ndash; Jennifer Holt, American actress (d. 1997)
* 1923 &ndash; Hachiko, world famous Japanese Akita dog (d. 1935)
* 1924 &ndash; Russell Johnson, American actor (d. 2014)
* 1925 &ndash; Richard Burton, Welsh actor (d. 1984)
* 1927 &ndash; Vaughn O. Lang, American general (d. 2014)
* 1927 &ndash; Sabah, Lebanese singer and actress (d. 2014)
* 1928 &ndash; Ennio Morricone, Italian composer
* 1930 &ndash; Gene Conley, American basketball player (d. 2017)
* 1930 &ndash; Adam Purple, American activist and gardener (d. 2015)
* 1931 &ndash; Lilly Pulitzer, American fashion designer (d. 2013)
* 1932 &ndash; Roy Scheider, American actor (d. 2008)
* 1932 &ndash; Paul Bley, Canadian pianist (d. 2016)
* 1933 &ndash; Ronald Evans, American astronaut (d. 1982)
* 1934 &ndash; Lucien Bianchi, Belgian racing driver (d. 1969)
* 1935 &ndash; Igor Dmitriyevich Novikov, Russian astronomer and astrophysicist
* 1937 &ndash; Albert Hall, American actor
* 1937 &ndash; Archie Macpherson, Scottish sports commentator
* 1938 &ndash; Jiri Grusa, Czech diplomat and writer (d. 2011)
* 1939 &ndash; Russell Means, Native American activist and actor (d. 2012)
* 1940 &ndash; Screaming Lord Sutch, British musician and politician (d. 1999)
* 1942 &ndash; Hans-Rudolf Merz, Swiss Federal Councillor
* 1942 &ndash; Robert F. Engle, American economist
* 1943 &ndash; Saxby Chambliss, American politician
* 1944 &ndash; Sir Tim Rice, English songwriter
* 1944 &ndash; Askar Akayev, former President of Kyrgyzstan
* 1944 &ndash; Silvestre Reyes, American politician
* 1945 &ndash; Terence Davies, English screenwriter, director, novelist and actor
* 1947 &ndash; Greg Lake, English musician (d. 2016)
* 1947 &ndash; Bachir Gemayel, Lebanese politician (d. 1982)
* 1947 &ndash; Glen Buxton, American musician
* 1948 &ndash; Vincent Schiavelli, American actor (d. 2005)
* 1948 &ndash; Shigesato Itoi, Japanese video game designer, voice actor and author
* 1949 &ndash; Ann Reinking, American actress and dancer
* 1949 &ndash; Michio Yasuda, Japanese footballer

### 1951 &ndash; 1975 
* 1954 &ndash; Jaume Bartumeu, 5th Prime Minister of Andorra
* 1955 &ndash; Roland Emmerich, German movie director
* 1955 &ndash; Bruno Peyron, French sailor
* 1956 &ndash; Mohsen Badawi, Egyptian entrepreneur and activist
* 1956 &ndash; Matt Craven, Canadian actor
* 1956 &ndash; Sinbad, American actor and comedian
* 1957 &ndash; Nigel Evans, British politician
* 1958 &ndash; Stephen Herek, American film director
* 1958 &ndash; George Lowe, American actor and comedian
* 1959 &ndash; Mackenzie Phillips, American actress
* 1959 &ndash; Randy Mamola, American racing driver
* 1960 &ndash; Neil Gaiman, English writer
* 1961 &ndash; John Walton, English darts player
* 1963 &ndash; Hugh Bonneville, English actor
* 1963 &ndash; Mike Powell, American athlete
* 1963 &ndash; Antoni Martí, 6th Prime Minister of Andorra
* 1964 &ndash; Magnús Scheving, Icelandic sportsperson, producer and actor
* 1965 &ndash; Sean Hughes, Irish actor and comedian (d. 2017)
* 1965 &ndash; Eddie Irvine, Northern Irish racing driver
* 1967 &ndash; Andreas Scholl, German tenor
* 1967 &ndash; Michael Jai White, American actor and martial artist
* 1968 &ndash; Tracy Morgan, American actor and comedian
* 1968 &ndash; Daphne Deckers, Dutch model
* 1968 &ndash; Steve Brookstein, British singer
* 1969 &ndash; Faustino Asprilla, Colombian footballer
* 1969 &ndash; Jens Lehmann, German footballer
* 1969 &ndash; Ellen Pompeo, American actress
* 1970 &ndash; Warren G, American rapper
* 1970 &ndash; Sergei Ovchinnikov, Russian footballer and manager
* 1971 &ndash; Mario Abdo Benítez, Paraguayan politician, President of Paraguay
* 1971 &ndash; Jose Peralta, American politician (d. 2018)
* 1971 &ndash; Magnus Johansson, Swedish footballer
* 1971 &ndash; Niki Karimi, Iranian actress, director and screenwriter
* 1971 &ndash; Holly Black, American writer
* 1972 &ndash; DJ Ashba, American musician (Guns N' Roses)
* 1973 &ndash; Patrik Berger, Czech footballer

### From 1976 
* 1976 &ndash; Steffen Iversen, Norwegian footballer
* 1976 &ndash; Shefki Kuqi, Finnish footballer
* 1977 &ndash; Erik Nevland, Norwegian footballer
* 1977 &ndash; Brittany Murphy, American actress (d. 2009)
* 1978 &ndash; Kyla Cole, Slovakian model, fashion designer and pornographic actress
* 1978 &ndash; Ruth Davidson, Scottish journalist and politician, former Leader of the Scottish Conservative Party
* 1978 &ndash; Eve, American rapper and actress
* 1978 &ndash; Nadine Angerer, German footballer
* 1979 &ndash; Anthony Réveillère, French footballer
* 1981 &ndash; Miroslav Slepicka, Czech footballer
* 1981 &ndash; Ryback, American professional wrestler
* 1982 &ndash; Ruth Lorenzo, Spanish singer
* 1982 &ndash; Heather Matarazzo, American actress
* 1983 &ndash; Miranda Lambert, American singer
* 1983 &ndash; Craig Smith, American basketball player
* 1984 &ndash; Kendrick Perkins, American basketball player
* 1985 &ndash; Aleksandar Kolarov, Serbian footballer
* 1986 &ndash; Samuel Wanjiru, Kenyan marathon runner (d. 2011)
* 1986 &ndash; Josh Peck, American actor
* 1987 &ndash; Jessica Tovey, Australian actress
* 1989 &ndash; Taron Egerton, Welsh actor
* 1990 &ndash; Kristina Vogel, German track cyclist
* 1990 &ndash; Vanessa Ferrari, Italian gymnast
* 1990 &ndash; Aron Johansson, American soccer player
* 1990 &ndash; Mireia Belmonte, Spanish swimmer
* 1991 &ndash; Genevieve Buechner, Canadian actress
* 1991 &ndash; Tony Snell, American basketball player
* 1992 &ndash; Wilfried Zaha, Ivorian–English footballer
* 1994 &ndash; Takuma Asano, Japanese footballer
* 1994 &ndash; Zoey Deutch, American actress
* 1999 &ndash; Kiernan Shipka, American actress
* 2000 &ndash; Mackenzie Foy, American actress and model

## Deaths 
### Up to 1900 
* 461 &ndash; Pope Leo I
* 627 &ndash; Justus, Archbishop of Canterbury
* 901 &ndash; Adelaide of Paris (b. 850)
* 1241 &ndash; Pope Celestine IV
* 1444 &ndash; Wladyslaw of Poland (b. 1424)
* 1549 &ndash; Pope Paul III, last of the Renaissance popes (b. 1468)
* 1605 &ndash; Ulisse Aldrovandi, Italian naturalist (b. 1522)
* 1644 &ndash; Luis Velez de Guevara, Spanish writer (b. 1579)
* 1673 &ndash; Michael of Poland (b. 1640)
* 1777 &ndash; Cornstalk, American tribal chief (b. 1720)
* 1808 &ndash; Guy Carleton, 1st Baron Dorchester, 21st Governor General of Canada (b. 1724)
* 1838 &ndash; Ivan Kotlyarevsky, Ukrainian poet (b. 1769)
* 1848 &ndash; King Christian VIII of Denmark (b. 1786)
* 1848 &ndash; Ibrahim Pasha of Egypt (b. 1789)
* 1852 &ndash; Gideon Mantell, British geologist, physician and palaeontologist (b. 1790)
* 1865 &ndash; Henry Wirz, Swiss–born American POW commandant (b. 1823)
* 1891 &ndash; Arthur Rimbaud, French poet (b. 1854)

### 1901 &ndash; 2000 
* 1911 &ndash; Christian Lundeberg, Prime Minister of Sweden (b. 1842)
* 1912 &ndash; Louis Cyr, Canadian strongman (b. 1863)
* 1916 &ndash; Walter Sutton, American biologist (b. 1877)
* 1936 &ndash; Louis Gustave Binger, French army officer and explorer (b. 1856)
* 1937 &ndash; Lev Shubnikov, Russian physicist (b. 1901)
* 1938 &ndash; Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, first President of Turkey (b. 1881)
* 1940 &ndash; Ilie Pintilie, Romanian activist (b. 1903)
* 1943 &ndash; Johannes Prassek, German activist (b. 1911)
* 1959 &ndash; Felix Jacoby, German classical philologist (b. 1896)
* 1977 &ndash; Dennis Wheatley, English writer (b. 1897)
* 1981 &ndash; Abel Gance, French actor, director and producer (b. 1889)
* 1982 &ndash; Leonid Brezhnev, leader of the Soviet Union (b. 1906)
* 1987 &ndash; Seyni Kountché, President of Niger (b. 1931)
* 1987 &ndash; Noor Hossain, Bangladeshi activist (b. 1961)
* 1990 &ndash; Mário Schenberg, Brazilian physicist (b. 1914)
* 1991 &ndash; Gunnar Gren, Swedish footballer (b. 1920)
* 1992 &ndash; Chuck Connors, American actor and athlete (b. 1921)
* 1994 &ndash; Carmen McRae, American singer (b. 1920)
* 1995 &ndash; Ken Saro-Wiwa, Nigerian writer and human rights activist (b. 1941)
* 1997 &ndash; Ave Ninchi, Italian actress (b. 1914)
* 1998 &ndash; Mary Millar, British actress (b. 1936)
* 2000 &ndash; Jacques Chaban-Delmas, Prime Minister of France (b. 1915)
* 2000 &ndash; Adamantios Androutsopoulos, Prime Minister of Greece (b. 1919)

### From 2001 
* 2001 &ndash; Ken Kesey, American writer (b. 1935)
* 2002 &ndash; Michel Boisrond, French actor, director and screenwriter (b. 1921)
* 2003 &ndash; Canaan Banana, first President of Zimbabwe (b. 1936)
* 2003 &ndash; Irv Kupcinet, American columnist and television presenter (b. 1912)
* 2006 &ndash; Jack Palance, American actor (b. 1919)
* 2007 &ndash; Laraine Day, American actress (b. 1920)
* 2007 &ndash; Norman Mailer, American writer (b. 1923)
* 2008 &ndash; Miriam Makeba, South African singer (b. 1932)
* 2009 &ndash; Robert Enke, German footballer (b. 1977)
* 2009 &ndash; John Allen Muhammad, American spree killer (b. 1960)
* 2010 &ndash; Dino De Laurentiis, Italian movie producer (b. 1919)
* 2011 &ndash; Ivan Martin Jirous, Czech poet (b. 1944)
* 2013 &ndash; Giorgio Orelli, Swiss poet (b. 1921)
* 2014 &ndash; Wayne Goss, Australian politician, Premier of Queensland (b. 1951)
* 2014 &ndash; Steve Dodd, Australian actor (b. 1928)
* 2014 &ndash; Al Renfrew, American ice hockey player and coach (b. 1924)
* 2014 &ndash; Ken Takakura, Japanese actor (b. 1931)
* 2014 &ndash; Doc Paskowitz, American surfer (b. 1921)
* 2014 &ndash; Jovian, American lemur actor (b. 1994)
* 2015 &ndash; Allen Toussaint, American musician, songwriter and producer (b. 1938)
* 2015 &ndash; Laurent Vidal, French triathlete (b. 1984)
* 2015 &ndash; André Glucksmann, French philosopher (b. 1937)
* 2015 &ndash; Pat Eddery, Irish jockey (b. 1952)
* 2015 &ndash; Helmut Schmidt, Chancellor of West Germany (b. 1918)
* 2015 &ndash; Tim Valentine, American politician (b. 1926)
* 2015 &ndash; Klaus Roth, German–British mathematician (b. 1925)
* 2015 &ndash; Gene Amdahl, American computer scientist, physicist and engineer (b. 1922)
* 2017 &ndash; Ray Lovelock, Italian actor and rock musician (b. 1950)
* 2017 &ndash; Mikhail Nikolayevich Zadornov, Latvian–born Russian comedian and writer (b. 1948)
* 2017 &ndash; Bernhard Eckstein, German racing cyclist (b. 1935)
* 2017 &ndash; Erika Remberg, Austrian actress (b. 1932)
* 2018 &ndash; Raffaele Baldassarre, Italian politician (b. 1956)
* 2018 &ndash; Joel Barcellos, Brazilian actor (b. 1936)
* 2018 &ndash; Ron Johnson, American football player (b. 1947)
* 2018 &ndash; Herbert London, American political activist and conservative commentator (b. 1939)
* 2018 &ndash; Liz J. Patterson, American politician (b. 1939)
* 2019 &ndash; T. N. Seshan, Indian politician (b. 1932)
* 2019 &ndash; István Szívós, Hungarian water polo player (b. 1948)

## Observances 
* Atatürk Remembrance Day (Turkey)
* Heroes' Day, or Hari Pahlawan (Indonesia)
* World Science Day