open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Arata Sugiyama

**Arata Sugiyama** (born 25 July 1980) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Omiya Ardija.

## Club career statistics 
|-
|1999||rowspan="4"|Kashiwa Reysol||rowspan="4"|J. League 1||0||0||0||0||1||0||1||0
|-
|2000||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|2001||4||0||0||0||0||0||4||0
|-
|2002||2||0||0||0||1||0||3||0
|-
|2003||rowspan="7"|Ventforet Kofu||rowspan="3"|J. League 2||16||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||16||0
|-
|2004||22||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||23||0
|-
|2005||43||1||2||0||colspan="2"|-||45||1
|-
|2006||rowspan="2"|J. League 1||30||0||2||0||3||0||35||0
|-
|2007||23||0||2||0||3||0||28||0
|-
|2008||rowspan="2"|J. League 2||38||1||2||0||colspan="2"|-||40||1
|-
|2009||45||2||3||0||colspan="2"|-||48||2
|-
|2010||Omiya Ardija||J. League 1||||||||||||||||
223||4||12||0||8||0||243||4
223||4||12||0||8||0||243||4
|}
Bruno Metsu

**Bruno Jean Cornil Metsu** (28 January 1954 – 15 October 2013) was a French footballer-turned manager. He died of colon cancer.

## Honours as a manager
### Club
**Al-Ain**
*UAE Football League: 2002–03, 2003–04
*UAE Super Cup: 2003
*AFC Champions League: 2002–03

**Al-Gharafa**
*Qatar Stars League: 2004–05
*Sheikh Jassem Cup: 2005–06
*Qatar Crown Prince Cup: 2011
*Emir of Qatar Cup runner-up: 2006, 2011

### International
**Senegal**
*African Cup of Nations runner-up: 2002

**United Arab Emirates**
*Gulf Cup of Nations: 2007

## References
Shinya Nasu

**Shinya Nasu** (born 29 December 1978) is a former Japanese football player.

## Club career statistics
|-
|2002||rowspan="6"|Ventforet Kofu||rowspan="4"|J. League 2||28||4||3||0||colspan="2"|-||31||4
|-
|2003||37||1||0||0||colspan="2"|-||37||1
|-
|2004||11||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||12||0
|-
|2005||31||1||1||0||colspan="2"|-||32||1
|-
|2006||rowspan="2"|J. League 1||4||0||1||0||4||0||9||0
|-
|2007||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|2008||Gifu||J. League 2||34||0||2||0||colspan="2"|-||36||0
145||6||8||0||4||0||157||6
145||6||8||0||4||0||157||6
|}

## References
Yohei Onishi

**Yohei Onishi** (born 30 October 1982) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Ventforet Kofu.

## Club career statistics
|-
|2005||rowspan="6"|Ventforet Kofu||J. League 2||4||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||5||0
|-
|2006||rowspan="2"|J. League 1||16||0||0||0||3||0||19||0
|-
|2007||18||0||2||0||3||0||23||0
|-
|2008||rowspan="3"|J. League 2||34||6||2||1||colspan="2"|-||36||7
|-
|2009||46||8||3||0||colspan="2"|-||49||8
|-
|2010||||||||||||||||
118||14||8||1||6||0||132||15
118||14||8||1||6||0||132||15
|}

## References
Toshiki Chino

**Toshiki Chino** (born 19 July 1985) is a former Japanese football player.

## Club statistics
## Other websites
*
*library.footballjapan.jp
Daisuke Sudo

**Daisuke Sudo** (born 25 April 1977) is a Japanese football player.

## Club career statistics 
|-
|2000||rowspan="2"|Mito Hollyhock||rowspan="2"|J. League 2||24||2||1||0||1||1||26||3
|-
|2001||43||10||3||1||2||0||48||11
|-
|2002||Shonan Bellmare||J. League 2||22||5||0||0||colspan="2"|-||22||5
|-
|2003||rowspan="5"|Ventforet Kofu||rowspan="3"|J. League 2||36||7||3||2||colspan="2"|-||39||9
|-
|2004||24||3||1||0||colspan="2"|-||25||3
|-
|2005||28||8||2||0||colspan="2"|-||30||8
|-
|2006||rowspan="2"|J. League 1||15||1||3||3||3||0||21||4
|-
|2007||23||4||0||0||8||6||31||10
|-
|2008||rowspan="2"|Vissel Kobe||rowspan="2"|J. League 1||5||0||0||0||3||0||8||0
|-
|2009||2||1||0||0||0||0||2||1
222||41||13||6||17||7||252||54
222||41||13||6||17||7||252||54
Kenta Suzuki

**Kenta Suzuki** (born 16 September 1985) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Sagamihara.

## Club career statistics
|-
|2004||rowspan="4"|Ventforet Kofu||rowspan="2"|J. League 2||5||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||6||0
|-
|2005||3||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||3||0
|-
|2006||rowspan="2"|J. League 1||6||0||0||0||3||0||9||0
|-
|2007||15||0||0||0||5||0||20||0
29||0||1||0||8||0||38||0
29||0||1||0||8||0||38||0
|}

## References
Daiki Tamori

is a Japanese professional athlete.  He is best known as an association football player.

## Career
|-
|2006||rowspan="3"|Ventforet Kofu||rowspan="2"|J. League 1||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|2007||9||0||1||0||2||0||12||0
|-
|2008||J. League 2||5||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||5||0
|-
|2009||rowspan="2"|Ehime ||rowspan="2"|J. League 2||24||1||1||0||colspan="2"|-||25||1
|-
|2010||||||||||||||||
38||1||2||0||2||0||42||1
38||1||2||0||2||0||42||1
|}

## References
Kotaro Yamazaki

**Kotaro Yamazaki** (born 19 October 1978) is a former Japanese football player.

## Club career statistics
|-
|1997||rowspan="2"|Nagoya Grampus Eight||rowspan="2"|J. League 1||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|1998||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|2001||rowspan="2"|Shimizu S-Pulse||rowspan="2"|J. League 1||9||0||1||0||1||0||11||0
|-
|2002||0||0||0||0||2||0||2||0
|-
|2003||rowspan="5"|Ventforet Kofu||rowspan="3"|J. League 2||13||2||2||1||colspan="2"|-||15||3
|-
|2004||18||5||1||0||colspan="2"|-||19||5
|-
|2005||10||1||0||0||colspan="2"|-||10||1
|-
|2006||rowspan="2"|J. League 1||18||2||1||0||4||3||23||5
|-
|2007||14||0||0||0||2||0||16||0
82||10||5||1||9||3||80||14
82||10||5||1||9||3||80||14
|}

## References
Toru Kamikawa

**Toru Kamikawa** (born 8 June 1963) is a former Japanese football referee.

## Club career statistics
|-
|1986/87||rowspan="4"|Fujita Industries||rowspan="4"|JSL Division 1||||||||||||||||
|-
|1987/88||||||||||||||||
|-
|1988/89||||||||||||||||
|-
|1989/90||||||||||||||||
|-
|1990/91||rowspan="2"|Fujita||rowspan="2"|JSL Division 2||6||0||||||0||0||6||0
|-
|1991/92||1||0||||||0||0||1||0
7||0||0||0||0||0||7||0
7||0||0||0||0||0||7||0
|}

## References
Yusuke Kawakita

is a Japanese professional athlete.  He is best known as an Association football player.

## Career
|-
|2001||rowspan="2"|Ventforet Kofu||rowspan="2"|J. League 2||13||0||3||0||0||0||16||0
|-
|2002||9||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||9||0
|-
|2003||rowspan="2"|Otsuka Pharmaceuticals||rowspan="2"|Football League||29||0||3||0||colspan="2"|-||32||0
|-
|2004||10||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||10||0
|-
|2005||Tokushima Vortis||J. League 2||0||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||0||0
|-
|2006||rowspan="5"|Ehime||rowspan="5"|J. League 2||24||0||2||0||colspan="2"|-||26||0
|-
|2007||19||0||4||0||colspan="2"|-||23||0
|-
|2008||21||0||2||0||colspan="2"|-||23||0
|-
|2009||0||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||0||0
|-
|2010||||||||||||||||
125||0||14||0||0||0||139||0
125||0||14||0||0||0||139||0
|}

## References
Matthias Sindelar

**Matthias Sindelar** (10 February 1903 – 23 January 1939) is a former Austrian football player. His nicknames were "Mozart of football" and "Der Papierene-the Paperman" due to his slight figure. He has played for Austria national team. Sindelar was elected for Austria's "Team of the century".

## Club career
Matthias Sindelar was of Czech origin. He and his family came to Vienna in 1905. They lived in Favoriten where Matthias started playing football with Hertha Vienna from 1918 to 1924. Then he went to FK Austria Wien (which was called Wiener Amateur-SV until 1926). For this club he played from 1924 until his death in 1939.

## International career
He was an important part of the Austrian team in the early 1930s. This team is called "Wunderteam" and had won lot of matches against leading European nations. 
The following is a list of Sindelar's international appearances and goals with the Austria national football team.

## Honours
Sindelar was ranked as Austria's best footballer of the twentieth century by the IFFHS, also ranking as the world's 22nd best. His career titles include:

### Club 
;Austria Wien
* 1. Liga
** **Winner**: 1926
** *Runner Up*: (2) 1925, 1937
* Austrian Cup
** **Winner**: (5) 1925, 1926, 1933, 1935, 1936
* Mitropa Cup
** **Winner**: (2) 1933, 1936

### International 
;Austria
* FIFA World Cup 
** *Semi-finals*: 1934
* Central European International Cup
** **Winner**: 1931–32
** *Runner-up*: (2) 1927–30, 1933–35

**Individual**
* FIFA World Cup Silver Ball: 1934
* Central European International Cup : best player: 1927-30,1933-35
* Mitropa Cup : top scorer:1932,1933
* IFFHS : Austrian player of the century
* Austrian Football Bundesliga : top soccer : 1926-27,1931-32,1932-33
* European leagues : Top Soccer :1932-33

## International career statistics 
|-
|1926||3||4
|-
|1927||2||0
|-
|1928||2||0
|-
|1929||0||0
|-
|1930||1||0
|-
|1931||5||5
|-
|1932||7||8
|-
|1933||8||4
|-
|1934||7||2
|-
|1935||1||0
|-
|1936||3||2
|-
|1937||4||1
|-
!Total||43||26
|}

## Death
Matthias Sindelar was found dead in his  home in Viennas Annengasse on 23 January 1939. The official reason was carbon monoxide poisoning. But soon after his death myths arose that it was because he said he wouldn't play for Germany, which occupied Austria, and therefore he was murdered. But the rumours were never verified.

## References 
## Other websites
* Profile at the official web site of FK Austria 
* Tribute web page
* Channel 4 News: Matthias Sindelar 
* Career stats – National Football Teams
* Player profile – Austria Archive
Torashi Shimazu

**Torashi Shimazu** (born 20 August 1978) is a Japanese football player. He plays for JEF United Ichihara Chiba.

## Club career statistics
|-
|2003||rowspan="3"|Ventforet Kofu||rowspan="3"|J. League 2||0||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||0||0
|-
|2004||0||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||0||0
|-
|2005||0||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||0||0
|-
|2005||rowspan="4"|Tokushima Vortis||rowspan="4"|J. League 2||7||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||8||0
|-
|2006||23||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||23||0
|-
|2007||26||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||26||0
|-
|2008||27||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||28||0
|-
|2009||JEF United Ichihara Chiba||J. League 1||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|2010||Grulla Morioka||Regional Leagues||||||||||||||||
83||0||2||0||0||0||85||0
83||0||2||0||0||0||85||0
|}

## References
Shunzo Ono

is a former Japanese football player.

## Club statistics
## Personal honors
*J.League Best XI - 1993

## Team honors
**Sumitomo Metal/Kashima Antlers**
*Japan Soccer League Division 2 - 1984, 1986/87

## Other websites
*
Scottish Football League Second Division

**Scottish Football League Second Division** was the third tier of the Scottish football league system which ran between 1975 and 2013. In July 2013 it was replaced by the Scottish League One.

## Winners of the Second Division
## Related pages
*Scottish Premier League
*Scottish Football League First Division
*Scottish Football League Third Division
Jan Kromkamp

**Jan Kromkamp** (born 17 August 1980) is a Dutch former football player.

## Career statistics
### Club
:Sources:

### International
:Source:

**PSV**
*Eredivisie: 2006–07, 2007–08

## References
Peñarol

**C.A. Peñarol** is a football club which plays in Uruguay. They were the South American club of the 20th century, chosen by the IFFHS.

## Honors 
* Copa Libertadores  - 5
* Intercontinental Cup - 3

## Names 
* 1891-1913 - **Central Uruguay Railway Cricket Club**
* 1913-present - **Club Atlético Peñarol**

## References
Takehiro Hayashi

**Takehiro Hayashi** (born 23 January 1976) is a former Japanese football player.

## Club statistics
## Other websites
*
*
Steve Sidwell

**Steven James Sidwell** (born 14 December 1982) is an English former professional footballer who played as a midfielder.

## Career statistics
## Honours
**Arsenal Youth**
*FA Youth Cup: 2000, 2001 2005–06 Football League Championship
*Football League Championship Player of the Month: September 2004

## References
## Other websites
*
Jérôme Rothen

**Jérôme Rothen** (born 31 March 1978) is a French football player. He plays for Ankaragücü.

## Club career statistics
|-
|1997/98||rowspan="3"|Caen||rowspan="3"|Division 2||23||3
|-
|1998/99||37||5
|-
|1999/00||38||3
|-
|2000/01||rowspan="2"|Troyes||rowspan="2"|Division 1||30||4
|-
|2001/02||16||0
|-
|2001/02||rowspan="3"|Monaco||Division 1||11||1
|-
|2002/03||rowspan="2"|Ligue 1||37||4
|-
|2003/04||34||0
|-
|2004/05||rowspan="5"|Paris Saint-Germain||rowspan="5"|Ligue 1||18||1
|-
|2005/06||28||1
|-
|2006/07||27||2
|-
|2007/08||32||3
|-
|2008/09||34||3

|-
|2009/10||Rangers||Premier League||4||0

|-
|2009/10||Ankaragücü||Süper Lig||||
365||30
4||0
0||0
369||30
|}

## International career statistics
|-
|2003||3||0
|-
|2004||4||0
|-
|2005||4||0
|-
|2006||0||0
|-
|2007||2||1
|-
!Total||13||1
|}

## References
Nathan Delfouneso

**Nathan Abayomi Delfouneso** (born 2 February 1991) is an English professional footballer who plays as a striker for Chorley.

Delfouneso was a regular England youth international, playing a total of 54 matches and scoring 19 goals at U16, U17, U19 and U21 levels.

## Career statistics
## Honours
**Aston Villa**
*Football League Cup runner-up: 2009–10

**Blackpool**
*EFL League Two play-offs: 2017

**England U16**
*Victory Shield: 2006

**England U19**
*UEFA European Under-19 Championship runner-up: 2009

**Individual**
*Aston Villa Players' Young Player of the Year: 2008–09, 2009–10
*Aston Villa Supporters' Young Player of the Year: 2008–09, 2009–10
*UEFA European Under-19 Championship Golden Boot: 2009

## References
Kingdom of Croatia (925–1102)

The **Kingdom of Croatia** was a nation in modern-day Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina that existed in the Middle Ages, specifically from 925 to 1102. It was created in 925 when the Duchy of Croatia became a kingdom, and stopped existing in 1102 when it entered into a personal union with Hungary.

## Other websites 
* croatianHistory.net
Kingdom of Croatia

**Kingdom of Croatia** may refer to:

* Kingdom of Croatia (925–1102), an independent medieval kingdom
* Independent State of Croatia (1941–1945), a puppet state during World War II, formally a kingdom until 1943
Mickey Rourke

**Philip Andre "Mickey" Rourke, Jr.** (born September 16, 1952) is an American actor. He is of Irish and French descent. He is a Roman Catholic. He was in the movie "The Wrestler". He also appeared at WrestleMania and had an encounter with Chris Jericho. He also played the voice of Jericho in the Driver 2 video game.

## References
Whitey Ford

**Edward Charles "Whitey" Ford** (October 21, 1928 &ndash; October 8, 2020) was a Major League Baseball pitcher who spent his entire 18-year career with the New York Yankees. He was voted into the Hall of Fame in 1974.

Ford died on October 8, 2020, at his home in Lake Success, New York from dementia-related problems at the age of 91.

## References 
## Other websites
WGME-TV

**WGME-13** is a local television station from Portland, Maine. CBS is shown on it. It also has local news. Kiley Bennett and Kim Block are two of the news team. Sarah Long and Charlie Lopresti do the weather.

## References
Benny Hill

**Alfred Hawthorne "Benny" Hill** (21 January 1924 – 20 April 1992) was an English comedian, actor and singer, notable for his long-running television programme *The Benny Hill Show*.

## References
4 Strings

**4 Strings** is a Dutch techno music group with a female lead singer. "Diving" is one of their most popular songs. *Believe* is one of their albums.

## Discography
### Albums 
* 2003 - *Believe*
* 2004 - *Let It Rain*
* 2006 - *Mainline*

### Singles
## References
Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street (2007 movie)

***Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street*** is a 2007 British-American musical crime horror movie directed by Tim Burton. It is an adaptation of Stephen Sondheim and Hugh Wheeler's Tony Award–winning 1979 musical thriller about a serial killer in 19th century London.

## References
Lefty Gomez

**Vernon Louis "Lefty" Gomez** (November 26, 1908 – February 17, 1989) was a
Mexican-American left-handed major league pitcher who played in the American League for the New York Yankees between 1930 and 1942.
Owen Hart

**Owen James Hart** (May 7, 1965 – May 23, 1999)

* **Pro Wrestling Illustrated**
** Editor's Award (1999)
** Feud of the Year (1994) (vs. Bret Hart)
** Rookie of the Year (1987)
** He was ranked **#10** of the 500 singles wrestlers in the PWI 500 in 1994.
** He was ranked **#66** of the top 500 singles wrestlers of the "PWI Years" in 2003.
** He was ranked **#84** of the 100 best tag teams of the PWI Years with Davey Boy Smith in 2003.

***Stampede Wrestling**
** Stampede British Commonwealth Mid-Heavyweight Championship (1 time)
** Stampede Wrestling International Tag Team Championship (1 time) (with Ben Bassarab)
** Stampede North American Heavyweight Championship (2 times)
** Stampede Wrestling Hall of Fame

* **United States Wrestling Association**
** USWA Unified World Heavyweight Championship (1 time)

***World Wrestling Federation**
** WWF European Championship (1 time)
** WWF Intercontinental Championship (2 times)
** WWF World Tag Team Championship (4 times) (with Yokozuna (2), The British Bulldog (1), and Jeff Jarrett (1))
** King of the Ring (1994)
** Slammy Award for Squared Circle Shocker (1996)1
** Slammy Award for Best Bow Tie (1997)2

* **Wrestling Observer Newsletter awards**
** 5 Star Match (1994) (vs. Bret Hart in a cage match at SummerSlam)
** Best Flying Wrestler (1987, 1988)
** Feud of the Year (1997) (with Bret Hart, Jim Neidhart, Davey Boy Smith, and Brian Pillman vs. Steve Austin)

1The Slammy was awarded to Shawn Michaels for collapsing but Hart accepted the award for himself instead.

2After he presented the Award, Hart did not award it to any of the possible candidates and instead stole it for himself.

## References 
## Other websites
*
Resident Evil 4

***Resident Evil 4***, known in Japan as , is a survival horror third-person shooter video game developed by Production Studio 4 and published by multiple publishers, including Capcom, Ubisoft and Nintendo of Australia. It is the sixth game in the *Resident Evil* series. 

## References
Ken Shamrock

**Ken Shamrock** (born **Kenneth Wayne Kilpatrick;** February 11, 1964) is an American mixed martial arts fighter and professional wrestler. He is best known for his time in the UFC, where he was the first UFC Superfight Champion and was inducted into the Hall of Fame in 2003. In professional wrestling, he is famous for working with the World Wrestling Federation (where he is a former Intercontinental and Tag Team Champion) and TNA/Impact Wrestling (where he is a former NWA World Heavyweight Champion and also a Hall of Famer).

## Championships and accomplishments
### Mixed martial arts
***George Tragos/Lou Thesz Professional Wrestling Hall of Fame**
**George Tragos Award (2020)
* **Ultimate Fighting Championship**
** UFC Hall of Fame (Pioneer wing, class of 2003)
** UFC Superfight Championship (one time, first)
*** Two successful title defenses
** UFC 3 Tournament Finalist
** UFC 1 Tournament Semifinalist
** Ultimate Ultimate 1996 Semifinalist
** Longest fight in UFC history (36 minutes) - with Royce Gracie at UFC 5
** UFC Viewer's Choice Award
* **Pancrase Hybrid Wrestling**
** King of Pancrase Tournament winner (1994)
*** First ever champion of Pancrase
** King of Pancrase
*** One successful title defense
* **Pride Fighting Championships**
** Pride Grand Prix 2000 Finals Superfight Winner
* **World Mixed Martial Arts Association**
** WMMAA Heavyweight Championship (1 time)
* ***Black Belt Magazine***
** 2000 Full-Contact Fighter of the Year
* ***Wrestling Observer Newsletter***
** 2002 Feud of the Year vs. Tito Ortiz
** 2006 Feud of the Year vs. Tito Ortiz
* **World MMA Awards**
** 2023 Lifetime Achievement Award

### Professional wrestling
* **Battle Championship Wrestling**
** BCW Tag Team Championship (1 time) – with Carlo Cannon
* **NWA: Total Nonstop Action/Impact Wrestling**
** NWA World Heavyweight Championship (1 time)
** Gauntlet for the Gold (2002 – Heavyweight)
**Impact Hall of Fame (2020)
* ***Pro Wrestling Illustrated***
** Most Improved Wrestler of the Year (1997)
** Ranked No. 8 of the top 500 singles wrestlers in the *PWI 500* in 1998
** Ranked No. 226 of the top 500 singles wrestlers of the "PWI Years" in 2003
* **South Atlantic Pro Wrestling**
** SAPW Heavyweight Championship (1 time)
**SAPW Heavyweight Title Tournament (1991)
* **World Wrestling Federation**
** WWF Intercontinental Championship (1 time)
** WWF Tag Team Championship (1 time) – with Big Boss Man
** King of the Ring (1998)
** WWF Intercontinental Championship Tournament (1998)

## Footnotes 
## References 
## Other websites 
* 
* 
*
Leszek Kołakowski

, Poland, 23 October 2007]]
**Leszek Kołakowski** - (October 23 1927 — July 17 2009) was a Polish philosopher, who worked mainly in the history of philosophy, history of political ideas and philosophy of religion, essayist, journalist and novelist. He was born in Radom, south of Warsaw in 1927 and died in Oxford, England in 2009. Kolakowski published more than 30 books during his 50-year writing career. He was awarded the Order of the White Eagle, Poland’s highest honor, and the MacArthur Foundation fellowship.
## Works
In 2003 he became the first recipient of the United States Library of Congress’s $1 million John W. Kluge Prize for Lifetime Achievement in the Humanities and Social Sciences, given in fields where there are no Nobel Prizes. In announcing the prize, James H. Billington, the librarian of Congress, noted not only Mr. Kolakowski's scholarship but also his “demonstrable importance to major political events in his own time,” adding that “his voice was fundamental for the fate of Poland, and influential in Europe as a whole.”  His work inspired the Solidarity movement in Poland.

In his younger days he was a communist. But he could see the problems with the Soviet type of speech control. In *72 definitions of What Socialism is not* he said "Socialism is not: a society in which one man is in trouble for saying what he thinks, while another is well-off because he does not say what he has on his mind; a society in which a man lives better if he doesn't have any thoughts of his own at all; a state which has more spies than nurses and more people in prison than in hospital; a state in which the philosophers and writers always say the same as the generals and ministers – but always after they've said it…". 

## Selected works 
**Main currents of Marxism*. (1978) 2005. 3 vols, New York: Norton. ISBN 978-0-393-32943-8
**Modernity on endless trial*. 1990.  University of Chicago Press. ISBN 978-0-226-45046-9;  ISBN 978-0-226-45045-2
**Freedom, fame, lying, and betrayal: essays on everyday life*. 1999. Penguin. ISBN 978-0-140-28044-9

## References
John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin

**John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin** (*Catholic University of Lublin, Lat. Universitas Catholica Lublinensis Ioannis Pauli II*) - a private Catholic university in Lublin, with full rights of public school. Founded in 1918, to 1928 under the name University of Lublin, from October 16 2005, on the basis of a resolution approved by the  Senate of the Polish Episcopate, the University changed its name to the Catholic University of Lublin John Paul II. In 1938 years of KUL has the right to award degrees.
## Other websites 
* English web page of the Catholic University of Lublin
Tsarevich Alexei Petrovich of Russia

:*For the son of Nicholas II, see Alexei Nikolaevich, Tsarevich of Russia*

**Alexei Petrovich Romanov** () ( – ), was a Russian Tsarevich. He was born in Moscow, the son of Tsar Peter I and his first wife Eudoxia Lopukhina.
Thames Valley

The **Thames Valley** is a term that is used for the English counties and towns along the course of the River Thames. It includes parts of Wiltshire, Oxfordshire, Buckinghamshire, Berkshire, North Hampshire and West London.

## Economy
The Thames Valley region is one of the wealthiest regions in the European Union. It has good communications, a well educated work force, is near to London, and has strong local employers. 

In the twentieth century, new industries replaced the old ones. That were primarily information and communications technology and life sciences.

## Tourism 
The Thames Valley region is an important tourist destination in the United Kingdom, both for domestic and international tourists. Some major attractions include:

*The City of Oxford
*Windsor Castle

## Major towns and cities 
* High Wycombe
* Maidenhead
* Oxford
* Reading

## Universities 
*Oxford University
*Reading University

## References
Meander

]]
 canyon, an incised meander in Serbia]]

A **meander** is a curve in a river. Meanders form a snake-like pattern as the river flows across a fairly flat valley floor. The position of the curves changes over time. Meanders were named for a river in Anatolia. 

A river rarely flows in a straight line: it bends around because it drops sediment where it flows most slowly. There are areas of slower and faster water movement. The river flows faster on the outside of a curve, and the fast water erodes the outside bends of a river channel by hydraulic action and abrasion.  This forms a river cliff.  The river flows more slowly on the inside of the river beach.  The slower water drops sediment.  

Continuous erosion on the outer bank and deposition on the inner bank will expand the bend in the river. This is called a meander.  Over time, meanders become larger and more visible. 

Eventually meanders turn into oxbow lakes when two outside bends erode together making a shorter route for the water.

## Related pages 
*Oxbow lake
*Braided river
Peach Girl

is a Japanese shōjo manga series by Miwa Ueda. It was published in Japan by Kodansha in *Bessatsu Friend* from 1998 to 2003 and collected in 18 volumes. The series was adapted as a Taiwanese drama in 2002 and Japanese animated television series in 2005.
Billy Gunn

**Monty Kip Sopp** (born November 11, 1963 in Orlando, Florida), better known by his ring name **Billy Gunn**, is an American professional wrestler. He is currently signed to All Elite Wrestling (AEW), where he won the AEW World Trios Championship once with Max Caster and Anthony Bowens.

Gunn is best known for his time with World Wrestling Federation/Entertainment (WWE), where he was en eleven-time tag team champion and the 1999 King of the Ring. He also worked as a trainer for WWE's developmental territory NXT and wrestled for Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA).

Gunn is also known for being a tag team wrestler and was a part of The Smokin' Gunns with on-screen brother Bart Gunn, the New Age Outlaws with Road Dogg, Billy and Chuck with Chuck and D-Generation X.

His sons Austin and Colten Gunn also wrestle in AEW in the tag team The Gunns.

## Career
### All Elite Wrestling
At All In, Gunn and The Acclaimed defeated the House of Black (Malakai Black, Brody King, and Buddy Matthews) to win the AEW World Trios Championship. This was Gunn's first championship in AEW.

## Championships
Gunn held many championships during his professional wrestling career:
***All Elite Wrestling**
** AEW World Trios Championship (1 time) (with Max Caster and Anthony Bowens)
***American Pro Wrestling Alliance**
**APWA American Championship (one time)
***Bad Boys of Wrestling Federation**
**BBFW Aruba Championship (one time, current)
***International Wrestling Federation**
**IWF Tag Team Championship (two times) (with Brett Colt)
***Legends Pro Wrestling**
**XWF/LPW Hall of Fame (August 18, 2007)
***Maryland Championship Wrestling**
**MCW Tag Team Championship (one time) (with B.G. James)
***Pro Wrestling Illustrated**
**He was ranked #**39** of the best 500 singles wrestlers of the year in the PWI 500 in 1999
**PWI Tag Team of the Year (1998) (with Road Dogg)
**PWI Tag Team of the Year (2002) (with Chuck)
**He was ranked #**43** of the Top 100 Tag Teams of the PWI Years in 2003 (with Road Dogg)
***TWA Powerhouse**
**TWA Tag Team Championship (one time) (with B.G. James)
***World Pro Wrestling**
**WPW World Heavyweight Championship (one time)
***World Wrestling Federation / World Wrestling Entertainment / WWE**
**WWF Hardcore Championship (two times)
**WWF Intercontinental Championship (one time)
**WWE Tag Team Championship (one time) (with Road Dogg)
**WWF/E World Tag Team Championship (ten times) (with Bart Gunn (3), Road Dogg (6) and Chuck (2)) 
**King of the Ring (1999)
***Wrestling Observer Newsletter awards**
**Worst Worked Match of the Year (2006) (TNA Reverse Battle Royal on TNA Impact!)

## Footnotes 
## References 
## Other websites
*
*
Manchukuo yuan

The **Manchukuo yuan** was the money used in the Empire of Manchukuo, from June 1932 until August 1945. 

The Manchukuo yuan would buy 24 grams of silver. The yuan was instead of the Chinese *tael*. The tael was common and was in use in Manchuria. A tael would buy about 40 grams of silver.

## History 
The Manchukuo yuan would buy 24 grams of silver in 1932. The price of silver changed and the yuan would not buy 24 grams of silver. To show that the yuan had value it was made equal to Japanese money. The Japanese money was called the yen. In 1940 the Manchukuo yuan was being used to measure Manchukuo exports and imports to America, Germany and Japan.

 
The paper money was in five values in 1932. Each piece of paper money is called a note. There was a one hundred yuan note, a ten yuan note, a five yuan note, a one yuan note and a small value note. A new 1000 yuan note was made in 1944.

The paper money or notes had pictures of Chinese emperors printed on them. The money was first made in Japan. Later they were made by the Bank in the Manchukuo capital of Hsinking (Hsinking is now called Changchun). 

The Yuan was subdivided into 10 *chiao*, 100 *fen* or 1000 *li*. Coins were made that were worth 5 *li* and bigger values. The largest value coin was 10 *fen*.

In 1944 and 1945, Manchukuo made coins of red or brown cardboard. These may be unique as to coining material, but they are not particularly scarce.

On January 1946 Manchukuo Yuan was replaced. The Chinese allowed people to swap 1 Manchukuo for a new type of money called a *North-Eastern Yuan*. In 1948 these new yuan could be swapped by a *Gold Yuan*. One Gold Yuan cost 150,000 *North Eastern Yuans*.

## Banknotes 
]] containers]]

## References
Alonzo Mourning

**Alonzo Harding Mourning, Jr.** (born February 8, 1970, in Chesapeake, Virginia) is a retired American professional basketball player who played most of his 16-year NBA career for the Miami Heat. He played college basketball at Georgetown University before playing in the NBA.
Independence Day (1996 movie)

***Independence Day*** is a 1996 American science fiction action movie directed by Roland Emmerich. The movie about two men trying to stop aliens from taking over the world. It stars Will Smith, Bill Pullman and Jeff Goldblum.

It was followed by *Independence Day: Resurgence*, which was released on June 24, 2016.

## References
## Other websites
* *Independence Day* at 20th Century Fox
* 
* 
* 
*
Love's Philosophy

"'''Love's Philosophy'''" is a poem written by Percy Bysshe Shelley in 1820. 

## Original text
The fountains mingle with the river
And the rivers with the Ocean,
The winds of Heaven mix for ever
With a sweet emotion;
Nothing in the world is single;
All things by a law divine
in one spirit meet and mingle.
Why not I with thine?--

See the mountains kiss high Heaven
And the waves clasp one another;
No sister-flower would be forgiven
If it disdained its brother;
And the sunlight clasps the earth
And the moonbeams kiss the sea:
What is all this sweet work worth
If thou kiss not me?
Penny Hardaway

**Anfernee Deon "Penny" Hardaway** (born July 18, 1971, in Memphis, Tennessee) is a former American professional basketball player in the National Basketball Association (NBA). He was in the United States basketball team at the 1996 Summer Olympics.

## References
Wyclef Jean

**Nel Ust Wyclef Jean ** (born October 17, 1969) is a Haitian rapper, musician, singer, and producer. He is a former member of the hip hop trio the Fugees. Wyclef has sold more than 31 million albums throughout his career, together with his album sales with the Fugees.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Official website
Jewel of the Seas

The '*MS *Jewel of the Seas''''' is a cruise ship belonging to Royal Caribbean's *Radiance* class.

## References
## Other websites 
* Official website
1 Giant Leap

**1 Giant Leap** is a concept band and media project consisting of the two principal artists, Jamie Catto (Faithless founding member) and Duncan Bridgeman.

## Other websites 
* 1 Giant Leap Website
Tropical Storm Jerry (1995)

**Tropical Storm Jerry** was a weak tropical storm of the very active 1995 Atlantic hurricane season. Even though Jerry was weak, Jerry caused 8 deaths and $40 million in damage. Jerry made landfall in Jupiter, Florida and Dixie County, Florida. Jerry was active with four other cyclones in the Atlantic Ocean: Humberto, Iris, Luis, and Karen. Because there was not much damage, the name *Jerry* was not retired and was used again in 2001 and 2007, the name will also be used again in 2013.

## Meteorological history
A tropical wave moved off the coast of Africa on August 9. Over the next week, clouds and other thunderstorms grew near the tropical wave. By August 22 it was upgraded to *Tropical Depression Eleven*. Tropical Depression Eleven was located just to the north of Cuba at the time. On August 23 it became *Tropical Storm Jerry*. Jerry had winds at 40 miles per hour, however the minimum pressure was not at the lowest still Jerry weakened back to a depression. The National Hurricane Center did not expect to Tropical Depression Eleven to become a tropical storm because most of the showers and thunderstorms were over land.

## Impact
Tropical Storm Jerry killed two people in Florida, three people in South Carolina, and three more in North Carolina. Jerry caused $19 million in damage in Florida, $10 million in South Carolina, and $11 million in North Carolina. In total, Jerry caused $40 million in damage and 8 people to be killed. This was the first time since 1990 that a name starting with the letter "J" was used. It was also only the second time that the name *Jerry* made been used to name a storm in the Atlantic. Because there was not much damage, the name *Jerry* was not retired, so it was used again in 2001 and 2007, it will also be used again in 2013.

## Related pages
*1995 Atlantic hurricane season

## References
Ja Rule

**Jeffrey Bruce Atkins** (born February 29, 1976), better known by his stage name **Ja Rule**, is an American rapper, actor and singer signed to The Inc. and Universal Records, formerly of Def Jam Recordings. A Hollis, New York native, Ja Rule has released seven albums. Rule's eighth album is called *Renaissance Project*. It has not been released yet. He has had a longtime feud with 50 Cent.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Official website
Yusaku Tanioku

**Yusaku Tanioku** (born 18 October 1978) is a former Japanese football player.

## Club career statistics
|-
|1998||rowspan="5"|Ventforet Kofu||Football League||0||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||0||0
|-
|1999||rowspan="4"|J. League 2||13||0||0||0||0||0||13||0
|-
|2000||37||1||0||0||0||0||37||1
|-
|2001||38||1||0||0||2||0||40||1
|-
|2002||37||1||0||0||colspan="2"|-||37||1
|-
|2003||rowspan="2"|Otsuka Pharmaceuticals||rowspan="2"|Football League||20||0||3||0||colspan="2"|-||23||0
|-
|2004||24||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||24||0
|-
|2005||Tokushima Vortis||J. League 2||19||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||20||0
|-
|2006||Sagawa Express Osaka||Football League||19||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||19||0
|-
|2007||Sagawa Express||Football League||5||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||5||0
|-
|2008||rowspan="2"|Sagawa Shiga||rowspan="2"|Football League||3||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||3||0
|-
|2009||3||0||9||9||colspan="2"|-||3||0
218||3||4||0||2||0||224||3
218||3||4||0||2||0||224||3
|}

## References
Michiharu Otagiri

**Michiharu Otagiri** (born 2 September 1978) is a former Japanese football player.

## Club career statistics
|-
|1997||rowspan="2"|Kyoto Purple Sanga||rowspan="2"|J. League 1||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|1998||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|1999||Ventforet Kofu||J. League 2||9||0||0||0||2||0||11||0
|-
|2000||rowspan="4"|Jatco||rowspan="4"|Football League||13||2||3||0||colspan="2"|-||16||2
|-
|2001||29||1||2||0||colspan="2"|-||31||1
|-
|2002||17||1||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||17||1
|-
|2003||28||4||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||28||4
|-
|2004||rowspan="4"|YKK AP||rowspan="4"|Football League||19||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||19||0
|-
|2005||25||2||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||25||2
|-
|2006||31||2||3||0||colspan="2"|-||34||2
|-
|2007||31||3||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||31||3
|-
|2008||rowspan="2"|Kataller Toyama||rowspan="2"|Football League||10||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||11||0
|-
|2009||16||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||16||0
228||15||9||0||2||0||239||15
228||15||9||0||2||0||239||15

## Other websites
*
Norwegian Cruise Line

**Norwegian Cruise Line** (NCL) is a company operating cruise ships, headquartered in Miami, Florida. It began in 1966 and currently owns eighteen ships.

## Ships
*Norwegian Jewel
*Norwegian Epic
*Norwegian Jade
*Norwegian Pearl
*Norwegian Sun
*Norwegian Joy
*Norwegian Gem 
*Norwegian Sky
*Norwegian Star
*Norwegian Spirit
*Norwegian Bliss
*Norwegian Encore
*Norwegian Getaway
*Norwegian Breakaway
*Norwegian Dawn
*Norwegian Escape
*Norwegian Prima
*Pride Of America
Ben Wallace

**Ben Camey Wallace** (born September 10, 1974) is a former American basketball player. He played in the National Basketball Association with the Detroit Pistons. He had his picture on the cover of the ESPN 2K5 video game. Nicknamed "Big Ben", he played the center and power forward positions, and is listed at  and .

## References
Fabrizio Miccoli

**Fabrizio Miccoli** (born 27 June 1979) is an Italian football player. He plays for Città di Palermo.

## Club career statistics 
|-
|1996/97||rowspan="2"|Virtus Casarano||rowspan="2"|Serie C1||29||8||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||29||8
|-
|1997/98||30||11||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||30||11
|-
|1998/99||rowspan="4"|Ternana||rowspan="4"|Serie B||30||1||2||0||colspan="2"|-||32||1
|-
|1999/00||33||9||7||0||colspan="2"|-||40||9
|-
|2000/01||23||7||2||0||colspan="2"|-||25||7
|-
|2001/02||34||15||4||3||colspan="2"|-||38||18
|-
|2002/03||Perugia||Serie A||34||9||6||5||2||2||42||16
|-
|2003/04||rowspan="2"|Juventus||rowspan="2"|Serie A||25||8||6||1||6||1||37||10
|-
|2004/05||0||0||1||0||0||0||1||0
|-
|2004/05||Fiorentina||Serie A||35||12||4||0||colspan="2"|-||39||12

|-
|2005/06||rowspan="2"|Benfica||rowspan="2"|Portuguese Liga||17||4||0||0||6||2||23||6
|-
|2006/07||22||10||0||0||11||1||33||11

|-
|2007/08||rowspan="3"|Città di Palermo||rowspan="3"|Serie A||22||8||0||0||1||0||23||8
|-
|2008/09||30||14||1||0||colspan="2"|-||31||14
|-
|2009/10||29||19||||||||||||
325||102||33||9||9||3||367||114
39||14||0||0||17||3||56||17
364||116||33||9||26||6||423||131
|}

## International career statistics 
|-
|2003||5||0
|-
|2004||5||2
|-
!Total||10||2
|}

## References
Malky Mackay

**Malcolm George "Malky" Mackay** (born 19 February 1972, in Bellshill) is a Scottish football manager and former player.  He is the manager of Cardiff City.  Mackay began his playing career in Scottish football, with Queen's Park and Celtic.  He joined English side Norwich City in 1998. He also played in the Premier League with Norwich, West Ham and finally Watford. He retired as a player in 2008.

## Managerial statistics
## Honours
### Player
**Celtic**
*Scottish Premier Division: 1997–98

**Norwich City**
*Football League First Division: 2003–04

### Manager
**Cardiff City**
*Football League Championship: 2012–13 November 2011
*League Managers Association Championship Manager of the Year: 2012–13

## References
The Postal Service

**The Postal Service** is an American indie pop band formed in 2001. Their songs include "This Place Is A Prison" from their album "Give Up".

## Discography
;Studio albums
* *Give Up* (2003)

## Other websites
* Official site
Tim Hardaway

**Timothy Duane "Tim" Hardaway** (born September 1, 1966) is an American retired professional basketball player. He played parts of 13 seasons in the National Basketball Association (NBA). He played for the Golden State Warriors, Miami Heat, Dallas Mavericks, Denver Nuggets, and Indiana Pacers.
Hurricane Anita

**Hurricane Anita** was the only major hurricane of the inactive 1977 Atlantic hurricane season. It struck Mexico as a category 5. Though it struck as a category 5 no one knows the damage. Anita killed 11 people in Mexico.

## Storm history
A tropical wave moved off the coast of Africa on August 16. After it moved westward for about a week, it started growing some clouds. It changed the way it was moving to the northwest on August 27 while it was over Cuba, but all clouds were over the Bahamas and Florida. The tropical wave soon crossed Florida and entered the Gulf of Mexico. While it entered the Gulf of Mexico, an anticyclone made conditions good for a tropical cyclone to form. The tropical wave also moved slow when it entered the Gulf of Mexico, making it easier for it to develop. By August 29, the tropical wave was good enough to be upgraded to Tropical Depression One.

Tropical Depression One went back on a westward path than a ridge forced it. Conditions remained good and the tropical depression strengthened into Tropical Storm Anita later on August 29. Water temperatures were warm, this allow Tropical Storm Anita to become Hurricane Anita during August 30. Hurricane Anita looked like it would strike Texas at first, but other weather systems did not allow it to do so. Anita began to quickly strengthen, it had become a category 3 hurricane on September 1. By the next day, Hurricane Anita had reached its highest winds as a category 5 hurricane, while not far from the coast of Mexico.

Hurricane Anita stayed as a category 5 hurricane as it made landfall in the Mexican state of Tamaulipas on September 2. Anita weakened fast over land, weakening to a tropical storm over central Mexico later that day. It also weakened to a tropical depression before it reached the Pacific coast of Mexico.

## Retirement
The name Anita was retired. It was not replaced with anything  because the tropical cyclone names change in 1979.

## References
Skittles

**Skittles** are a type of sugar candy printed with the letter "S". They were created in 1974 by the Wrigley Company in England. 

## Background 
Skittles came to America in 1979. The Skittles' slogan "taste the rainbow" came from New York by a company called  D'Arcy Masius Benton & Bowles.

## Description 
Skittles is a type of chewy fruit-flavored candy. They have a hard outside with a chewy inside and an "s" on one side. Skittles come in many flavors. The original flavors were lime, lemon, grape, orange, and cherry.

## Timeline 
*1974- Skittles are  first made by company in Britain
*1979- Skittles came to America
*1989- New flavors: Tropical skittles and Wild Berry Skittles
*2000- New flavor: sour skittles
*2004- Skittles launches its first bubble gum
*2005- New flavor: Skittles smoothie mix
*2006- Skittles launches X-treme fruit skittles gum (first limited edition variety)
*2009- New flavor:Skittles crazy cores
*2010-New flavor: Skittles Fizzl'd Fruits™
*2012- New flavor: Riddles
*2013- New flavor: Dark side skittles
*2014- New flavor: Skittles desserts
*2015- New flavor: Orchards

## Other websites
*Skittles Official website
Nitride

In chemistry, a **nitride** is a compound of nitrogen with a less electronegative element, attached together in a specific way. Nitrides are a large class of compounds with a wide range of properties and applications.

Most of the names for nitrides follow a simple pattern: the name of the element attached to the nitrogen, then "nitride". So, GaN would be gallium nitride.

There are some exceptions, however, for the compounds that has had a usual name before. For example, NH3 is not called *hydrogen nitride*, even if it is the most simple of this class of molecules, but it is still commonly called ammonia.
Rail gauge

**Rail gauge** is the distance from the inside of one rail on a railroad track to the inside of the other. 
Most tracks use a standard gauge of 1,435 mm (4 ft, 8 1/2 in). Wider gauges are called broad gauge (1676mm), smaller gauges are called narrow gauge(762mm or 610mm).  
Broad gauge may be used where the track needs to have big things moving on it.  Narrow gauge, such as metre gauge (1000mm), is used to build railroads for less money, because the smaller track costs less.  Places where different gauges meet are called break of gauge.
Isleworth Ait

**Isleworth Ait** means "small island". It is in the TW7 area of London between Kew Gardens and Syon Park. It is a 10 acre island densely packed fauna and flora. It has many rare beetles.

## References
Moon River

**Moon River** is a popular song. Audrey Hepburn sang it in the movie ''Breakfast at Tiffany's''. Henry Mancini wrote the song's music. Johnny Mercer wrote the words.  Many other people have sung this song. It was one of Andy Williams' most famous songs.

## Sources
1976 Atlantic hurricane season

The **1976 Atlantic hurricane season** started on June 1, 1976, and ended November 30, 1976. Subtropical Storm One formed before June 1, though. The only storm to remember is Hurricane Belle which caused $100 million of damage in the United States.
## Storms
*Subtropical Storm One
*Tropical Depression Two
*Tropical Depression Three
*Tropical Depression Four
*Tropical Depression Five
*Tropical Storm Anna
*Hurricane Belle
*Hurricane Candice
*Tropical Storm Dottie
*Hurricane Emmy
*Hurricane Frances
*Tropical Depression Thirteen
*Tropical Depression Fourteen
*Subtropical Storm Three
*Tropical Depression Sixteen
*Tropical Depression Seventeen
*Hurricane Gloria
*Tropical Depression Twenty
*Tropical Depression Twenty-One
*Hurricane Holly
*Tropical Depression Twenty-Three
## Storm names
### Retirement
None of the names from the 1976 season were retired.
Tropical Storm Bilis

**Tropical Storm Bilis** was a tropical storm that killed 500 plus people in Fujian, Guangdong and Hunan provinces in China. This happened on July 14, 2006.

## References
Tamarind

**Tamarind** (*Tamarindus indica*) is a kind of tree in the Fabaceae family. It is found in Africa primarily the Sudan. It is thought to have been initially discovered in the lesser-known, edrudgo tribal territory, located within the Lakes State

Sampaloc is a term commonly used for the spice made from the fruit in the Philippines. It taste is very sour. It is used as condiments to recipes if they want to add sourness.
Liebeck v. McDonald's Restaurants

'''''Liebeck v. McDonald's Restaurants''** is also known as the "**McDonald's coffee case'''". It was a lawsuit between Stella Liebeck and McDonald's. Stella Liebeck was badly injured by hot coffee. She had bought the coffee from a McDonald's restaurant. A jury awarded her $2.86 million, but in the end she only got $640,000.

## What happened to Stella Liebeck? 
The accident with the hot coffee happened on February 27, 1992. Stella Liebeck was 79 years old. She bought a cup of coffee from the drive-through window of a McDonald's restaurant. When she opened the cup to add cream and sugar, she spilled the coffee on her lap. She was taken to the hospital and they found that she had bad burns. She had to stay in the hospital for eight days. She got skin grafting: they moved healthy skin to replace the burned skin. She lost a lot of weight. Her daughter had to care for her for 3 weeks when she came out of the hospital. The accident changed her body forever. She was disabled for 2 years.

## What did she want? 
Stella Liebeck wanted $20,000 from McDonald's. She needed to pay the hospital and her daughter. McDonald's offered only $800. Then Liebeck hired an attorney, Reed Morgan. Morgan said that the coffee was dangerous and asked for $90,000, but McDonald's refused. That is why they needed a trial.

## How did the trial go? 
The attorney, Reed Morgan, showed examples of what McDonald's did wrong:

* Coffee from McDonald's had burned 700 people already. 
* A doctor said that colder coffee causes less burns and that the McDonald's coffee is too hot to drink.
* Other restaurants in the city serve colder coffee.

Then on August 18, 1994 the jury decided. They said that McDonald's was 80% wrong and Stella Liebeck was 20% wrong. The  on the coffee cup was too small. Stella Liebeck got $160,000 to pay the hospital and her daughter. She also got $2,7 million so that McDonald's would not do it again. But the judge made it $640,000.

## What happened then? 
* Some people said that it was wrong that Stella Liebeck wanted a lawsuit. They said that it was wrong that she got so much money. But most of the money was to make McDonald's not do it again.
* McDonald's did not make their coffee colder.
* Stella Liebeck died on August 5, 2004. She was 91 years old. She paid a nurse with the money from the lawsuit.
* HBO made a film about this story: *Hot Coffee*.