open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Historic Monuments and Sites in Kaesong

**Historic Monuments and Sites in Kaesong** are a group of archaeological sites in North Korea that show the history of the Koryo Dynasty, which ruled Korea from 918 c.e. to 1392 c.e.  All together, they were named a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2013.

Kaesong was the capital city of the Kingdom of Koryo.  The city's gates, palaces, tombs and monuments, walls, schools, tower for looking at the stars and other buildings all together make up the World Heritage Site because they show the philosophy, culture, politics and spiritual beliefs of the Koryo people.  The city's layout shows a mixture of Buddhism, Taoism and Confucianism.  It especially shows the change from Buddhism to neo-Confucianism that happened during the Koryo Dynasty. 

The ruins of the Kaesong Chomsongdae are also part of the site.. Comsongdae was an observatory where people studied the stars and weather.  The Koryo Songgyungwan was a school for government officials and Sungyang Sowon was a school of Confucian philosophy.

Sonjuk Bridge is where the high official Jong Mong Ju was assassinated, an event that was part of the end of the Koryo Dynasty.

## Tombs and monuments
The Heritage Site includes large mausoleums for King Taejo of Goryeo and King Gongmin of Goryeo. It has two other groups of tombs as well, the Seven Tombs Cluster and Myongrung Tombs Cluster. There are also two steles for Jeong Mong-ju, called the Phyochung Monuments.  Steles are memorial pillars that may have the dead person's name written on them but do not contain his or her body.

## References
List of World Heritage Sites in North Korea

As of 2013, two sites in North Korea have been added to the World Heritage List. Both are cultural sites.  There are also five sites on the tentative list.

## World Heritage Sites
## References
## Other websites
*  UNESCO World Heritage Sites - Democratic People's Republic of Korea
Bullvalene

**Bullvalene** is a hydrocarbon. It has a chemical formula of **C10H10.** It is a type of molecule with no permanent structure.  

Compounds that share the molecular formula, include: 
* Basketene
* Cyclodecapentaene
* Dialin
* Divinylbenzene
* Diisopropenyldiacetylene
* Pentaprismane ([5]Prismane)

## References
Parnelia Augustine

**Parnelia Augustine** (1884–1960) was an American painter. Her works are shown in the Museum of Nebraska Art (MONA). She tied with another artist and won the American Beauty Roses in the Lincoln Artists’ Guild All-Nebraska Show. 
]]

## References
Ms. 45

***Ms. 45*** (also known as ***Angel of Vengeance***, and mistyped as ***Ms. 45***) is a 1981 American crime thriller movie directed by Abel Ferrara (wlo also stars) and starring Zoe Lund, Editta Sherman, Albert Sinkys. It was distributed by Rochelle Films.

## Other websites
* 
*
A Certain Smile (movie)

***A Certain Smile*** is a 1958 American romantic drama movie directed by Jean Negulesco and is based on the 1956 book of the same name by Françoise Sagan. It stars Rossano Brazzi, Joan Fontaine, Christine Carère, Bradford Dillman and was distributed by 20th Century Fox.

## Other websites 
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High Crimes

***High Crimes*** is a 2002 American legal thriller movie directed by Carl Franklin and starring Ashley Judd, Morgan Freeman, Jim Caviezel, Amanda Peet, Tom Bower. The screenplay by Yuri Zeltser and Grace Cary Bickley is based on the 1998 novel of the same name by Joseph Finder and was distributed by 20th Century Fox.

## Other websites 
* 
* 
* 
* 
*
Belfries of Belgium and France

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The **Belfries of Belgium and France** are a group of 56 historical buildings. They are part of UNESCO World Heritage Sites in Europe. It shows a design change from feudal and religious influence in historic Flanders and its neighboring regions of the Duchy of Burgundy.

UNESCO included 32 towers of **Belfries of Flanders and Wallonia** in 1999. In 2005, the bell tower of Gembloux in the Walloon Region of Belgium and 23 others from the Nord-Pas-de-Calais and Picardy regions were added to the renamed list. Brussels Town Hall and its bell tower were not included since was already part of the Grand Place World Heritage Site.

Additional six church towers were also added since they served as watchtowers or alarm bell towers. These include Cathedral of Our Lady in Antwerp, St. Rumbolds Cathedral in Mechelen, St. Peter's Church, Leuven, St. Germanus Church in Tienen, the Basilica of Our Lady in Tongeren and St. Leonard's Church in Zoutleeuw.

Most of the buildings in the list are towers from bigger buildings. A few of them are restoration of towers previously connected to nearby bigger buildings.

## Belgium 
The ID numbers match the order in the complete list ID from 943 to 943bis from UNESCO.

### Flanders 
#### West Flanders 
#### East Flanders 
#### Antwerp 
#### Flemish Brabant 
#### Limburg 
### Wallonia 
#### Hainaut 
#### Namur 

## France 
### Nord-Pas de Calais 
#### Nord 
#### Pas-de-Calais 

### Picardy 

#### Somme 

## Gallery 

File:Beffroi_Armentières_(Nord).jpg|Belfry of Armentières
File:Winokbelfort.jpg|Belfry of Bergues
File:Calais hotel de ville face.jpg|Town hall and belfry of Calais
File:Charleroi beffroi.JPG|Belfry of Charleroi
File:Douai rue de la mairie.jpg|Belfry of Douai
File:Gent Belfort R03.jpg|Belfry of Ghent
File:Herentals belfort.jpg|Belfry of the old town hall of Herentals
File:Namur Belfry 02.JPG|Belfry of Namur
File:Nieuwpoort Belfort 1201.jpg|Belfry of Nieuwpoort
File:Halletoren Tielt.jpg|Belfry of Tielt

## Related pages 
* List of World Heritage Sites in Europe

## Notes 
## Other websites 
* Brief description of the ensemble ID 943/943bis, UNESCO Website
* Detailed argumentation for list ID 943/943bis, UNESCO Website
* The complete list ID 943/943bis, UNESCO Website (monuments ordered by UNESCO ID, which precedes the corresponding monument in this Wikipedia article's main list)
* Articles on the phenomenon of the belfries from the Flemish Department of Monuments and Landscapes
* The Belgian belfries on the UNESCO list ID 943 (without Gembloux) with photographs  and slideshows – from the Flemish Department of Monuments and Landscapes
*  The French belfries on the UNESCO list ID 943bis  with photographs  and descriptions; and a general article
*  The French belfries on the UNESCO list ID 943bis with thumbnails, photographs and descriptions
Not in Front of the Children (TV series)

***Not in Front of the Children*** is a British comedy series starring Wendy Craig.   It was first aired on British TV in August, 1967. The last of the 39 episodes produced was transmitted on the 9th January, 1970. The programme was broadcast over four series or seasons. Wendy Craig went on to reprise her role as a middle class, scatty housewife in ...*And Mother Makes Three and* its follow up series ...*And Mother Makes Five*.

## Story 
Craig plays a scatter-brain housewife, Jennifer Corner. She is married to Henry who is a school art teacher. They have three children, a boy in his early teens, played by Hugo Keith Johnston, and two girls who are younger than the boy, played by Roberta Tovey later replaced by Verina Greenlaw and Jill Roddick. Henry was initially played by Paul Daneman (in the *Comedy Playhouse* pilot and the first series or season). He was replaced in subsequent episodes by Ronald Hines. Jennifer's best friend, Mary, is played by Charlotte Mitchell.

Only eight episodes survive.

## References 
## Other websites 
*
Jeju language

The **Jeju language** (Jeju: 제주말, *Jeju-mal*) is a Koreanic language spoken on the South Korean island of Jeju. It is related to Korean.

## History 
The Jeju language comes from Middle Korean, which is also the ancestor of the Korean language.

Jeju became a separate language from (mainland) Korean due to its isolation as an island and because in 1629, Jejuans were banned from leaving Jeju, causing more disconnection.

## Usage 
UNESCO lists Jeju as a "critically endangered" language, since most of its speakers are over the age of 70. Younger Jejuans speak Korean instead. As of 2010, the language is spoken by 5,000 - 10,000 people, which is less than 2% of Jeju Island's total population. Others think Jeju is a dialect of Korean, although a very different one. The local government calls Jeju as a separate language, and the idea of it being a language is becoming more accepted in both Korean and foreign academia. UNESCO listed Jeju as one of the world's languages in 2011.

## Related pages 
* Jeju-do, the island where Jeju language is spoken
* South Korea

## References
Ovilla, Texas

**Ovilla** is a city in the U.S. state of Texas. There were 4,304 people living in the area according to the 2020 census.

## References 
## Other websites 
*
Nightmare Alley (movie)

***Nightmare Alley*** is a 1947 American crime drama movie directed by Edmund Goulding and was based on the 1946 novel of the same name by William Lindsay Gresham. It stars Tyrone Power, Joan Blondell, Coleen Gray, Helen Walker, Ian Keith, Taylor Holmes and was distributed by 20th Century Fox.

## Other websites
* 
* 
*
Highland Park, Texas

(July 2016)]]
**Highland Park** is a town in the U.S. state of Texas. According to the 2020 census, there were 8,864 people living in the area.

## References
Grays Prairie, Texas

**Grays Prairie** is a village in the U.S. state of Texas. It is in Kaufman County. There were 325 people living there, according to the 2020 census.

## References
Los Ybanez, Texas

**Los Ybanez** is a city in the U.S. state of Texas. It is in Dawson County. There were 28 people living there according to the 2020 census. The city has the smallest population in Texas.

## References
Mustang, Texas

**Mustang** is a town in the U.S. state of Texas. There were only 21 people living there in the year 2010, but nobody lived there in 2020. It was the smallest town in Texas in terms of population. In December 2021, Mark Cuban, entrepreneur and former owner of the Dallas Mavericks, purchased the  town for roughly $2&nbsp;million. 

## References
Booker, Texas

**Booker** is a town in the U.S. state of Texas. It got its name from B.F. Booker, a civil engineer for the Panhandle and Santa Fe railway. According to 2020 census, there were 1,437 people living there.

## References
Nevada, Texas

**Nevada** is a city in the U.S. state of Texas. According to the 2020 census, there were 1,314 people living there.

## References
Chiappa Rhino

The **Chiappa Rhino** is a revolver. It fires bullets from the bottom of the cylinder. This is different from most other revolvers, which fire from the top of the cylinder. This allows the Rhino to shoot even powerful bullets, like the .357 Magnum, with little recoil. As a result, the Rhino also has high accuracy and high rate of fire.

The Rhino is named after the rhinoceros because it looks somewhat like a rhinoceros's head. Most models shoot the .357 Magnum (as well as the .38 Special), but there are also models that shoot the 9x19mm Parabellum or the S&W .40. Due to its futuristic look, it is often shown in science-fiction movies like the live-action *Ghost in the Shell*, *Terminator: Dark Fate*, and the remake of *Total Recall*.

## References
Muskegon County, Michigan

**Muskegon County** is a county in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2020 census, 175,824 people live here. The county seat is Muskegon.

## References
Lady Davina Windsor

**Lady Davina Windsor** (Davina Elizabeth Alice Benedikte; born 19 November 1977) is a member of the British royal family. In May 2023, she was 35th in the line of succession to the British throne. She was also known as **Lady Davina Lewis** between 2004 and 2018. She is the elder daughter of Prince Richard, Duke of Gloucester and Birgitte, Duchess of Gloucester. She is divorced from her former husband, Gary Lewis.

## Titles 
*19 November 1977- 31 July 2004 Lady Davina Windsor 
*31 July 2004-30 March 2018 Lady Davina Lewis
*30 March 2018-present Lady Davina Windsor

## References
List of World Heritage Sites in Ireland

The following lists detail World Heritage Sites in Ireland:

* List of World Heritage Sites in the Republic of Ireland
* List of World Heritage Sites in the United Kingdom, including one site in Northern Ireland: the Giant's Causeway
Héctor Méndez Alarcón

**Héctor Méndez Alarcón** (born 11 September 1959) is a Mexican politician from Hidalgo. He is with the National Action Party. Between 2000 to 2003, he served as Deputy of the LVIII Legislature of the Mexican Congress. 

## References
Evenks

The **Evenks** (Evenki: Ewenkī) are an ethnic group native to Northern Asia. Most of them are living in Russia (Siberia) or China (Inner Mongolia). Small number of them also live in Mongolia and Ukraine.

Evenks are a Tungusic people.  They are related to the Manchu and the Oroqen.

## Related pages 
* Tungusic languages

## References
Sholay

***Sholay*** is a Bollywood  movie directed by Ramesh Sippy. It was produced by his father, GP Sippy. The movie was released on 15 August 1975. The action-adventure movie is about two criminals, Veeru and Jai (played by Dharmendra and Amitabh Bachchan), who were hired by a retired police officer (Sanjeev Kumar) to catch the cruel dacoit Gabbar Singh (Amjad Khan). *Sholay* is a classic Indian movie.  It was top of the British Film Institute's 2002 poll of "Top 10 Indian Films" of all time. In 2005, 50th Filmfare Awards named it the Best Film of 50 Years. 

## Cast 
* Dharmendra as Veeru
* Sanjeev Kumar as Thakur Baldev Singh
* Hema Malini as Basanti
* Amitabh Bachchan as Jai (Jaidev)
* Jaya Bhaduri as Radha, Thakur's daughter-in-law
* Amjad Khan as Gabbar Singh
* Satyen Kappu as Ramlaal, Thakur's servant
* A. K. Hangal as Rahim Chacha, the imam in the village
* Sachin as Ahmed, son of the imam
* Jagdeep as Soorma Bhopali, a comical wood trader
* Leela Mishra as Mausi, Basanti's maternal aunt
* Asrani as the Jailor, a comical character modelled after Charlie Chaplin in *The Great Dictator*
* Keshto Mukherjee as Hariram, prison barber and Jailor's side-kick
* Mac Mohan as Sambha, Gabbar Singh's sidekick
* Viju Khote as Kaalia, another of Gabbar's men whom he kills in a game of Russian roulette
* Iftekhar as Inspector Khurana, Radha's Father
* Helen in a special appearance in song "Mehbooba Mehbooba"
* Jalal Agha in a special appearance in song "Mehbooba Mehbooba"
* Raj Kishore as a jail inmate with gayish mannerisms
* Arvind Joshi as elder son of Thakur Baldev Singh
* Sharad Kumar as Ninni, younger son of Thakur Baldev Singh
* Gita Siddharth as Geeta, Arvind Joshi's wife

## Notes
## References
Tilehurst

**Tilehurst** is a suburb of the town of Reading in the Royal County of Berkshire, England. It is in the west of central Reading. It lies within the boundaries of The Borough of Reading and partly in the district of West Berkshire. The part within West Berkshire forms part of the civil parish of Tilehurst. It also includes the northern part of Calcot and a small rural area west of the suburb.
The Tilehurst Water Tower, built in the 1930s, towers over the suburb. In the 2011 Census, 14,604 people lived in Tilehurst. 

## Notable residents[edit source] 
* Bryan Adams, musician, lived in Tilehurst in the 1960s while his father was stationed in the UK
* Jacqueline Bisset, actress, grew up in Tilehurst in a 17th-century country cottage, where she now lives part of the year[*citation needed*]
* Kenneth Branagh, actor, attended Meadway School in the 1970s
* Tim Dinsdale, searcher for the Loch Ness Monster.
* Mike Oldfield, musician, grew up in Tilehurst
* Ayrton Senna, Formula 1 driver, lived on the Pottery Road estate in the 1980s
* Sir Peter Vanlore (1547-1627) bought Tilehurst Manor and lived there with his wife Lady Jacoba van Loor (daughter of Henri Thibault). Sir Peter was a well respected trader and merchant during the Elizabethan and early Stuart eras. Sir Peter was born in Uttrecht, the Netherlands. Sir Peter and his wife had several children; one of whom was Anna van Loor whom married the Dutch jeweller and lawyer, Sir Charles Caesar ( formerly Cesarini - Adelmare ).

## References
American flamingo

.]]
The **American flamingo** or  **caribbean flamingo** (*Phoenicopterus ruber*) is a species of flamingo that occurs in Central America. It is related to the Greater flamingo, and the Chilean flamingo. It can also be found on the Galapagos Islands. The American flamingo's main traits are pink fur and long legs. It is also known as the **Caribbean flamingo**, although its found in the Galápagos Islands. It is the only flamingo that naturally lives in North America.
Budj Bim

**Budj Bim**, also called **Mount Eccles**, is a dormant volcano near Macarthur in southwestern Victoria, Australia. It is in the Budj Bim National Park. "Budj Bim" is a Gunditjmara name meaning "High Head". The volcano is around  high. It became a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2019.

## References
Robert Trump

**Robert Stewart Trump** (August 26, 1948August 15, 2020) was an American real-estate developer and business executive. He was the younger brother of Donald Trump, the 45th President of the United States.

## Career
Trump joined his father Fred Trump's business and came to manage the Trump Organization's real estate holdings outside Manhattan.

He was on the board of directors for ZeniMax Media, parent company to Bethesda Softworks, a position he had from 1999 until his death in 2020.

Robert Trump remained a loyal supporter of his brother's political career. In a 2016 interview, Robert Trump stated: "I support Donald one thousand percent."

## Death
In June 2020, Trump spent a week in intensive care at Mount Sinai Hospital in Manhattan. On August 14, 2020, the White House announced that he had again been hospitalized. Trump died at NewYork–Presbyterian Hospital in Manhattan on August 15, 2020 at age 71 from a cerebral hemorrhage.

## References
USS Enterprise (CVN-80)

'*USS *Enterprise* (CVN-80)*' will be the third  to be built for the United States Navy. She will be the ninth United States naval vessel to bear the name, and is scheduled to be in operation by 2027. Her construction began in August 2017 with a steel-cutting ceremony.

## Naming 
On 1 December 2012, during the presentation of a pre-recorded speech at the inactivation ceremony for , then-Secretary of the Navy Ray Mabus announced that CVN-80 would be named *Enterprise*. She will be the ninth ship and the third aircraft carrier in the history of the United States Navy to bear the name.

## Construction 
 and Katie Ledecky along with Jennifer Boykin sign a 35-ton steel plate used to begin the construction of *Enterprise*]]
CVN-80  will be built by Huntington Ingalls Industries-Newport News Shipbuilding in Newport News, Virginia. *Enterprise* is scheduled to begin active construction around 2018 and be delivered by 2025. However, in an effort to save costs, the Congressional Research Service indicates that the Department of the Navy is reviewing the possibility of extending the length of time used to build both  and *Enterprise* by two years. If approved, the ship would not enter service until 2027 and prevent any instance of 12 carriers being in service at any one time. The steel from CVN-65 will be recycled and used to construct CVN-80. The ship is currently scheduled to replace . The first cut of steel ceremony, marking the beginning of fabrication of the ship's components, was held on 21 August 2017, with ship's sponsors Katie Ledecky and Simone Biles present. Construction began in advance of the purchase contract and construction award, in early 2018. In the spring of 2018, a piece of steel from CVN-65 was melted down and remade into a keel plate for CVN-80.

## Related pages 
* List of aircraft carriers
* List of aircraft carriers of the United States Navy
* List of ships of the United States Navy named *Enterprise*

## References 
## Other websites 
* DoD press release naming CVN-80 *Enterprise*
Rouvres-les-Vignes

**Rouvres-les-Vignes** is a commune of the Aube *département* in the north-central part of France.

## References
Silverton, Texas

**Silverton** is a city in the U.S. state of Texas. There were 629 people living there according to the 2020 census.

## References
Old Rauma

**Old Rauma** (, ) is a wooden city centre. It is located in the town of Rauma, Finland. It is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

The area of Old Rauma is about 0.3&nbsp;km². It has approximately six hundred buildings (including both proper houses and smaller buildings like sheds). About 800 people live in the area. 

The town of Rauma expanded outside Old Rauma only in the early 19th century. The oldest currently standing buildings were built in the 18th century, because two fires in 1640 and 1682 destroyed the town. Most buildings are currently inhabited and owned by private individuals. The two main streets and area around the town square are mainly in business use.

## References 
## Other websites 
* 
* Old Rauma as a VRML model
* Old Rauma information in English
Amherst County, Virginia

**Amherst County** is a county in the U.S. state of Virginia. As of the 2020 census, 31,307 people lived there. Its county seat is Amherst.

## References 
## Other websites 
*
Jongmyo

**Jongmyo Shrine** is a religious building in Seoul, South Korea.  It is a Confucian royal shrine from the Joseon Dynasty.  It was built in the late 1300s, destroyed during a Japanese invasion in the 1500s, and rebuilt in the 1600s.  People still use it in modern times.

The Jongmyo Shrine holds spirit tablets, each dedicated to a specific king or queen from the Joseon Dynasty.  The Confucian way of life includes ancestor worship.  During the Joseon Dynasty, the king of Korea would go to Jongmyo to pray to earlier kings and queens.  There were also larger rites, with more people.  Some of them involved singing and dancing.  Some of these rites are still performed in modern times.

The layout of the shrine was planned very carefully to complement and work with the hills and other natural structures around it.  

Jongmyo has a main shrine, called Jeongjeon.  It has a smaller shrine called Yeongnyeongjeon, or "the Hall of Eternal Peace" in English.  It also has a place specifically for the king, a storage building for ritual items, and a waiting area.  There is also a specific shrine to King Kongmin from the earlier Koryo Dynasty.  That shrine was built by the Joseon-era King Taejo.

The Jongmyo-Daejae, or "Royal Shrine Ritual" in English, was the most important rite performed at the shrine.  During the Joseon Dynasty, it was performed five times each year.  During the Japanese occupation of Korea (1910-1945), it was not performed because the Japanese did not allow it.  Since 1969, the Royal Family Association has performed the Jongmyo-Daejae once each year.  The Jongmyo-Daejae itself and the music used in the Jongmyo-Daejae were both declared Intangible Cultural Heritage by UNESCO in 2001.

Jongmyo was named a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1995.

## References
Gwaii Haanas National Park Reserve and Haida Heritage Site

forest in Gwaii Haanas National Park Reserve and Haida Heritage Site]]
**Gwaii Haanas National Park Reserve, National Marine Conservation Area, and Haida Heritage Site**, is in the southernmost Haida Gwaii (formerly known as Queen Charlotte Islands). It is often simply called as **Gwaii Haanas** (), It is  off the mainland of British Columbia, Canada. Gwaii Haanas is an archipelago of 138 islands. "Gwaii Haanas" means "Islands of Beauty" in . It is the language of the Haida people. 

The Haida Heritage Site is part of the territory of the Haida people. They have lived in Haida Gwaii for at least 14,000 years.

In 2004, Parks Canada (on behalf of the Government of Canada) added the whole area of Gwaii Haanas to its tentative list of potential future World Heritage Sites, pending the approval of UNESCO.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Official site
* World Heritage Site

## Notes 
* "MacDonald, George F." *Ninstints – Haida World Heritage Site*. Vancouver: UBC Press. 1983
Jasper National Park

**Jasper National Park** is a national park in Alberta, Canada. It is the largest national park of the Canadian Rockies in Alberta. Its area is around . It is to the north of Banff National Park and to the west of Edmonton. The park has glaciers of the Columbia Icefield, springs, lakes, waterfalls and mountains. It is part of the Canadian Rocky Mountain Parks World Heritage Site.

## References
Echo sounding

**Echo sounding** is a way to measure the depth of water. This is done by sending out sound waves, and measuring how long it takes for the echo of the sound to come back. The speed of sound in the water is known, so the depth can be calculated. It is a kind of sonar. Note that the word sounding is used for all kinds of technologies, even though some do not use sound. Before echo sounding was used (in the early 20th century), sounding lines were lowered into the water to measure the depth.

The sound reflects off the seafloor and returns to the transducer. The time the sound takes to travel to the bottom and back is used to calculate the distance to the seafloor. Water depth is estimated by using the speed of sound through the water (approximately 1,500 meters per second). The product is divided by two because the measured time is the round-trip time (from the transducer to the seafloor and back to the transducer). The faster the sound pulses return to the transducer from the ocean floor, the shallower the water depth is and the higher the elevation of the sea floor. The sound pulses are sent out regularly as the ship moves along the surface, which produces a line showing the depth of the ocean beneath the ship. This continuous depth data is used to create bathymetry maps of the survey area.

## References
Kootenay National Park

**Kootenay National Park** is a national park in southeastern British Columbia. The park has an area of  in the Canadian Rockies. Some of the Kootenay River and all of the Vermilion River are in the park. The park is part of the Canadian Rocky Mountain Parks World Heritage Site.

## Gallery

Image:Kootenay National Park.jpg|View to the southeast from the viewpoint near Sinclair Pass
Image:Kootenay Paint Pots.jpg|Paint Pots
Image:Kootenay valley.JPG|Kootenay River valley
Image:Canada Sheep - Kootenay.JPG|Bighorn sheep
Image:Bighorn Sheep Resting on Forest Floor.jpg|Bighorn sheep
Image:Wild Lily Blooming along Dog Lake Trail at Kootenay National Park.jpg|*Lilium philadelphicum*Wild lily at Dog Lake Trail
Image:Kootenay NP Entry.JPG|BC Highway 93 leading into the park through Sinclair Canyon
Image:Olive Lake - National Park Kootenay.JPG|Olive Lake
Image:FlowLake2017b.jpg|Floe Peak and Foster Peak as seen from the Rockwall Trail
Image:HelmetFalls.jpg|Helmet falls as seen from the Rockwall Trail

## References
Sounding line

, illustration of 1844.]]
A **sounding line** is a way to measure the depth, usually inside a body of water.  The basic concept is that of a weight attached to a long rope.
Banff National Park

**Banff National Park** () is the oldest national park in Canada. It was first started in 1885. It is in the Canadian Rockies,  west of Calgary, Alberta. The park has an area of around . The park has mountains, glaciers, and ice fields. There is also a large coniferous forest. The main town near to the park is Banff. Banff is one of the seven parks in the Canadian Rocky Mountain Parks World Heritage Site.

## References
Structural violence

**Structural violence** is when a social structure or social institution hurts people by preventing them from getting their basic needs.

Unlike physical violence, there is no bloodshed and is not very obvious. However, people are still hurt and structural violence is tied to physical violence in a lot of ways.

## Causes and effects 
A lot of social institutions are run by people who come from the advantaged classes. They want to make the social structures work for them so they make it hard for disadvantaged groups to live in society.

## References
Arizona's 2nd congressional district

'''Arizona's 2nd congressional district''' is a congressional district in southeast Arizona. It is one of 9 districts in Arizona and 435 in the USA. It is represented in the House of Representatives by Democrat Ann Kirkpatrick, and includes the city of Tucson. It has a CPVI of R+1.

## Voting
Canadian Rocky Mountain Parks World Heritage Site

**Canadian Rocky Mountain Parks** is a UNESCO World Heritage Site in the Canadian Rockies. There are seven parks in the site, including four national parks:
*Banff National Park
*Jasper National Park
*Kootenay National Park
*Yoho National Park

and three British Columbia provincial parks:

*Hamber Provincial Park
*Mount Assiniboine Provincial Park
*Mount Robson Provincial Park

They became a World Heritage Site in 1984. The Burgess Shale site is also part of it, which was a World Heritage site on its own between 1980 and 1984.

## References
Hamber Provincial Park

**Hamber Provincial Park** is a provincial park in British Columbia. It is next to Jasper National Park and the border with Alberta. It has an area of about . It is part of the Canadian Rocky Mountain Parks World Heritage Site. The Trans-Canada Highway was built a different way to make sure it didn't go through the park.

## Gallery
## References
Montmorency County, Michigan

**Montmorency County** is a county in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2020 census, 9,153 people live here. The county seat is Atlanta.

## References
Terrestrial television

.]]
**Terrestrial television** is a type of television broadcasting where the television signal is sent by radio waves from a transmitter on the land. In North America, it is usually called **over-the-air television** (**OTA**). This type of TV is different to newer types such as satellite, cable, and IPTV.

TV is broadcast between 52 and 600 MHz in the VHF and UHF radio bands. This can be sent in digital or the older analog format. Many countries switched (or are switching) to digital and turned off the analog signals.
Mukden Palace

The **Mukden Palace** (), also known as the **Shenyang Imperial Palace** (), was a former imperial palace for the emperor of the  Qing dynasty. It became part of UNESCO World Heritage List in 2004. It was added to the Imperial Palace of the Ming and Qing Dynasties in Forbidden City, Beijing.

It was built in 1625 for the early Qing dynasty who was ruled by the Manchu. China's first three Qing emperors lived there between 1625 to 1644. After the fall of dynasties in China, the place was turned into a museum. It is at the center of Shenyang, Liaoning.

## Gallery 
Some items that are inside the place: 
|Glass pastel flower pattern flower jar() 
|Redwood Wooden Screen with seven Buddha()
|Iron Dagger with Diamonds insert()

## References 
## Other websites 
* English-language official website
Human eye

The human eye is a spherical structure that helps us to see the objects .The human eye is an organ that reacts to light in many circumstances. As a conscious sense organ the human eye allows vision; rod and cone cells in the retina allow conscious light perception and vision, including color differentiation and the perception of depth.The eye receives oxygen through the aqueous. Its function is to nourish the cornea, iris, and lens by carrying nutrients, it removes waste products excreted from the lens, and maintain intraocular pressure and thus maintains the shape of the eye. This gives the eye its shape. It must be clear to function properly. 
the front part (what you see in the mirror) includes: 
* Iris: the colored part.
* Cornea: a clear dome over the iris.
* Pupil: the black circular opening in the iris that lets light in.
* Sclera: the white of your eye.
* Conjunctiva: a thin layer of tissue that covers the entire front of your eye, except for the cornea.
How does the  human eye actually work ?
The lens focuses light through the vitreous humor, a clear gel-like substance that fills the back of the eye and supports the retina. The retina receives the image that the cornea focuses through the eye's internal lens and transforms this image into electrical impulses that are carried by the optic nerve to the brain.

## References
Deadline - U.S.A.

***Deadline - U.S.A.*** is a 1952 American crime drama movie directed by Richard Brooks and starring Humphrey Bogart, Ethel Barrymore, Kim Hunter, Ed Begley, Warren Stevens, Martin Gabel, James Dean, Fay Baker. It was distributed by 20th Century Fox.

## Other websites
*
Shinichi Oishi

**Shinichi Oishi** is a Japanese mathematician at Waseda University. He is also the director of Japan Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics and Japan Society for Simulation Technology.
## Research
Oishi has done many studies in numerical analysis and their branches:
* Validated numerics
* Numerical linear algebra
* Optimization
* Numerical integration
* Numerical methods for partial differential equations
## Career
## References
Les Misérables (1998 movie)

***Les Misérables*** is a 1998 British German American romantic drama movie directed by Bille August and is based on the 1862 novel of the same name by Victor Hugo. It stars Geoffrey Rush, Liam Neeson, Uma Thurman, Claire Danes, Patsy Byrne, Ralph Nossek, Kathleen Byron, Hans Matheson, John McGlynn.

## Other websites
* 
* 
*
Anne of York, Duchess of Exeter

**Anne of York** (10 August, 1439 &ndash; 1476) was a member of the House of York in England, a branch of the English Royal Family. She was the second and eldest surviving daughter of Richard Plantagenet, 3rd Duke of York and Cecily Neville, Duchess of York.

## References
Arizona's 3rd congressional district

'''Arizona's 3rd congressional district''' is a district in southwestern Arizona. It is one of 9 districts in Arizona and one of 435 in the US. It has a CPVI of D+13, and is represented by Ruben Gallego.

## Voting
## References
Qeysar (movie)

***Qeysar*** (, meaning "Caesar") is a 1969 Iranian crime drama movie directed by Masoud Kimiai and starring Behrouz Vossoughi, Pouri Banai, Nasser Malekmotei, Jamshid Mashayekhi, Bahman Mofid.

## Other websites
*
Genopole

**Genopole** is a biocluster in France for biotherapies, research in genetics, genomics, post-genomics and for biotechnology companies. It is located in Évry-Courcouronnes.

In 2018, the Genopole has 17 academic research laboratories, 87 biotechnology companies, as well as 20 scientific platforms shared with the University of Évry Val d'Essonne.

## References 
## Further reading 
* Official website
Stephenson 2-18

**Stephenson 2-18** (St2-18, also known as **Stephenson 2 DFK 1** and **RSGC2-18)** is a red supergiant (RSG) or red hypergiant (RHG) star. It is close to, and a possible member of, the open cluster Stephenson 2. It is about 6,000 parsecs (20,000 ly) away from Earth in the constellation of Scutum and is one of the largest known stars.

It is also possibly one of the most luminous of its type, if it is a member of the cluster. It is estimated to have a radius of 2,150 times that of the Sun, and a volume 10 billion times that of the Sun, however these parameters are unreliable and it is likely not a member of Stephenson 2.

This star has a spectral type of M6,

## References
List of World Heritage Sites in Canada

Canada has 20 UNESCO World Heritage Sites. Nine of them are cultural sites, ten are natural, and one is mixed. This article lists all twenty sites in Canada.

## List
## Tentative list
## References
## Notes
Imtiaz Ali 'Arshi'

**Imtiaz Ali** *Arshi* (8 December 1904 – 25 February 1981) was an Indian researcher and scholar. He is best known for his works for Mirza Ghalib. He wrote Ghalib, *Maktiba-e-Ghalib* (1937), *Intikhab-e-Ghalib* (1943). He also created his own version of Ghalib's *Diwan* called *Nuskha-e-Arshi* published in 1958. Arshi the winner of the 1961 Sahitya Akademi Award in Urdu for the *Diwan*. 

*Nuskha-Arshi* is  by Urdu scholar, Gopi Chand Narang. He tried to do the most complete early attempt to publish Ghalib's ghazals in a chronological manner. It allows for a study of the evolution in the poet's themes and techniques. 

According to Narang, Arshi's *Diwan* was the main source for the study of Ghalib's work until a more complete and chronologically correct. ''Diwan'-e-Raza'' was published by Kalidas Gupta Riza in 1995.

## References
Mount Assiniboine Provincial Park

**Mount Assiniboine Provincial Park** is a provincial park in British Columbia. It is around Mount Assiniboine. It is part of the Canadian Rocky Mountain Parks World Heritage Site. It is  southwest of Banff, Alberta.

## References
Indiana Dunes National Park

**Indiana Dunes National Park** is a national park in Indiana, United States. **Indiana Dunes National Lakeshore** is known for its beautiful beaches.

More than 3.5 million people visit a sandy, hilly area called Indiana Dunes each year. It sits along the shores of Lake Michigan, about  southeast of Chicago. Visitors to the area swim and sail on the lake. They watch birds in the wetlands. They study plant life in the forests of oak and maple trees. Now, the 6,000-hectare site is the newest national park, and also 61st national park in the United States. It became Indiana Dunes National Park on February 15, 2019.

## A name change 
The park used to be known as Indiana Dunes National Lakeshore, managed by National Park service. The related act in February, 2019 did not influence finance and the area of the park at all. It changed the name from Indiana Dunes National Lakeshore into Indiana Dunes National Park. It does, however, give the area the same recognition as more well-known national parks like Yellowstone and Yosemite.

## Ecology 
The park is one of the most ecologically mixed places in North America. Indiana Dunes has about 1,500 different kinds of plants.

The Dunes are also along a major migration path, and birdwatching is a big reason visitors come to Indiana Dunes each year. The area is home to more than 300 species of birds. The birds include waterbirds such as loons and herons, as well as birds of prey like bald eagles and hawks. Several species of songbirds also live there.

## Maple sugar 
In winter season, people living near by or visitors enjoy collecting sap from maple trees in the park in order to make maple syrup. Sap is a liquid containing sugar inside the trees. People can get sap by making a small hole in a tree. Maple tree sap was historically collected by local American Indians, pioneers and early residents of a farm.

A Maple Sugar Time festival is held in March every year. visitors can learn how American Indians first boiled maple sap into sugar, and how early settlers used large iron kettles to make syrup. Pure maple syrup and sugar, and related products like maple-flavored popcorn and maple water, are for sale.

## References 
*Indiana Dunes Is America’s Newest National Park - a program on VOA Special English

## Notes 
## Related pages 
*National park

## Other websites 
*Indiana Dunes national Park at U.S. National Park Service
Gros Morne National Park

**Gros Morne National Park** is a national park on the west coast of Newfoundland, Canada. It has been a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1987. It has been a national park since 2005, and a national reserve since 1973. It has an area of , making it the second largest national park in Atlantic Canada. The park takes its name from a mountain in the area. Its name means "large mountain standing alone" in French.

## References
Jeju Volcanic Island and Lava Tubes

:*This article is about the World Heritage Site.  For the island itself, see Jeju Island.*
**Jeju Volcanic Island and lava tubes** are located off the coast of South Korea.  They are in Jeju Province.  Jeju has Mount Halla, a shield volcano located over a volcanic hotspot with many parasitic volcanoes, called oreums, around it.  According to UNESCO, the Geomunoreum lava caves are "the finest lava tube system of caves anywhere." UNESCO named Jeju Volcanic Island a Biosphere Reserve in 2002, a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2007, and a Global Geopark in 2010. It is the only island in the world with three UNESCO designations.

Jeju Volcanic Island started to form 1.8 million years ago when the volcano was still active.

According to UNESCO, the three important things that make Jeju Volcanic Island and lava caves a World Heritage site are the Geomonoreum lava cages, Seongsang Ilchulbong, and Hallasan.

The Geomunoreum lava caves are covered in many-colored carbonate deposits on the roof and floor.  They formed about 300,000 years ago when magma from the Geomonoreum parasitic volcano cooled.  It has not been an active volcano for 1000 years.

Other parts of Jeju Volcanic Island are considered important by the government of South Korea but not UNESCO.  For example, Bijarim Forest, which is on Mount Halla, is Natural Monument No. 374.

## References
Mount Robson Provincial Park

**Mount Robson Provincial Park** is a provincial park in British Columbia, Canada. It is in the Canadian Rockies. It has an area of about . It is next to the Jasper National Park in Alberta. It is next to Mount Robson. The park is part of the Canadian Rocky Mountain Parks World Heritage Site. It is the second-oldest provincial park in British Columbia.

Berg Lake is located near the tip of the mountain, a striking turquoise body of water ringed by cliffs, ancient glaciers, and old-growth forest. 

## Gallery

File:Kinney lake2.jpg|Reflection of Whitehorn mountain in Kinney Lake
File:Mount Robson. Mount Robson Provincial Park.jpg|Classic view of Mount Robson from Yellowhead Highway
File:Yellowhead Lake.jpg|Yellowhead Lake

## References
Old Quebec

**Old Quebec** () is the oldest neighbourhood in Quebec City, Quebec, Canada. There are two parts: the Upper Town () and the Lower Town (). It has been a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1985. People often call Old Quebec the **Old City** in English. In French, it is often called the **Latin Quarter** ().

## References
Qallin

**Qallin** is a city in Kafr El Sheikh Governorate, Egypt. It is mainly an agricultural city.

## References
Tilehurst Water Tower

**Tilehurst Water Tower**, also known as **Park Lane Water Tower**, is a distinctive water tower in Tilehurst was erected by Reading Borough Council in 1932. It is estimated to hold approximate 900,000 litres of water.

It is considered to be a local landmark. It was built in addition to the Bath Road Reservoir. They are made to supply water to properties at a higher level than the earlier water tower. It is still in use and is owned by  Thames Water plc. It has the transmitter for a local radio station called The Breeze.

## References
Kluane / Wrangell–St. Elias / Glacier Bay / Tatshenshini-Alsek

**Kluane / Wrangell–St. Elias / Glacier Bay / Tatshenshini-Alsek** is a system of parks in Canada and the United States. It is at the border of Yukon and British Columbia (Canada); and Alaska (United States). It has been a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1994. It has many icefields and glaciers. The site has an area of .

## Parks
There are four parks that are part of the site:
* Kluane National Park and Reserve (Canada)
* Wrangell–St. Elias National Park and Preserve (U.S.)
* Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve (U.S.)
* Tatshenshini-Alsek Provincial Park (provincial park, British Columbia, Canada)

## References
Yoho National Park

**Yoho National Park** is a national park in British Columbia, Canada. It is in the Canadian Rockies. The park has large ice fields and mountains, as well as many waterfalls. The name "Yoho" comes from a Cree word that is said in awe, probably because of the beauty of the area. It is to the north of the Kootenay National Park and to the west of the Banff National Park in Alberta. The park is part of the Canadian Rocky Mountain Parks World Heritage Site.

## Mountains
*Mount Goodsir 
*Mount Vaux 
*Mount Balfour 
*Chancellor Peak  
*Mount Stephen  is the tallest of the four mountains that are next to the town of Field, British Columbia. A part of the Burgess Shale fossils were found on Mount Stephen.
*Cathedral Mountain 
*The President 
*Odaray Mountain 
*The Vice President	
*Wapta Mountain 
*Mount Field 
*Mount Burgess  is an often climbed mountain. For 17 years, it was featured on the Canadian ten-dollar bill.
*Paget Peak 

## References
Katherine McNamara

**Katherine Grace McNamara** (born November 22, 1995 in Kansas, Missouri) is an American actress. She commonly known as **Katherine McNamara.**  She is famous for her role, Clary Fray, in the fantasy television series *Shadowhunters*. She also played the character Mia Smoak in *Arrow*.

## Roles 
### Movie 
### Television 
## References 
## Other websites 
* 
* Katherine McNamara on Facebook
* Katherine McNamara on Twitter
* Katherine McNamara on Instagram
Indian Americans

**Indian Americans** are Americans whose ancestry originates fully or partially from India. With a population of more than 5.1 million, Indian Americans make up approximately 1.6% of the U.S. population and are the largest group of South Asian Americans, the largest Asian-alone group, and the second-largest group of Asian Americans after Chinese Americans.

Indian Americans are sometimes confused with American Indians, also known as Native Americans. American Indians are not actually connected to India.

## References
Amanda Leighton

**Amanda Leighton** or Amy Leighton, Amanda Leigh Ratzlaff  (born June 7, 1993) is an American actress and voice actress. as known for the current character Blossom in The Powerpuff Girls franchise. she is a descent of Hispanic-American.                                                                                                                                           

## Voice roles 
### Animated series 
* *Nutri Ventures* (2013-2015, English version) *-* Additional voices
* *The Powerpuff Girls* - Blossom, Majorette 3
* *Trolls: The Beat Goes On!* - Queen Poppy
* *Amphibia* (Removed) - Polly Plantar
* *Trolls: TrollsTopia* - Queen Poppy
* *Teen Titans Go!*  - Blossom
* *Atlantis Forest*  - Eke Lorena
* ''Hailey's On It!* - Kristine Sanchez
* *Dexter's Laboratory'' (2026, miniseries) - Dexter's mom, Midge
* *Curious Minds* - Brittany

### Video Games 
* *Lego Dimensions* - Blossom
* *Super Mario Championship Guardians -* Piper

### Movies 
* *Tom and Jerry and The Powerpuff Girls* - Blossom, Winny (2023)
Azerbaijan Athletics Federation

The **Azerbaijan Athletics Federation** () is the governing body for the sport of athletics in Azerbaijan. 

## Related organizations 
*International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF)
*European Athletic Association (EAA)
*Azerbaijan Olympic Committee 

## National records 
The federation maintains the Azerbaijan records in athletics.

## Other websites 
*Official webpage
Azerbaijan Basketball League

The **Azerbaijan Basketball League** is the top men's professional basketball league in Azerbaijan.

## Clubs
:*Updated on March 20, 2016.*  

## Champions
## References
## Other websites
* Eurobasket.com League Page
Folks!

***Folks!*** is a 1992 American black comedy movie directed by Ted Kotcheff and stars Tom Selleck, Don Ameche, Anne Jackson, Christine Ebersole, Wendy Crewson, Jon Favreau. It was distributed by 20th Century Fox.

## Other websites
*
Death of Ms Dhu

**Julieka Ivanna Dhu** (December 26, 1991 — August 4, 2014) (usually called **Ms Dhu** out of respect for Aboriginal customs) was an Aboriginal Australian woman who died in police custody on 4 August 2014.

She was put in jail for not paying fines. She complained about pain and was sent to hospital, but staff there believed she was suffering from the effects of drugs. She was returned to prison and then sent back to hospital about complaining about not being able to stand. She died from an infection caused by a rib that was broken before she was arrested.

Many people in Australia were upset about Ms Dhu's death. They thought she died because the police and hospital staff were being racist to her.

## Background 
### Ms Dhu
Ms Dhu was born on 26 December 1991 in Western Australia.  Dhu completed Year Eleven;

In November 2009, when she was 17, police found Dhu sleeping near Cable Beach; when they woke her up, she seemed to be intoxicated, used bad language towards them, and said "I don't remember anything after taking that eccy". Dhu fell and the officers let her fall to the ground and hit her head. They got tired of her and so sent her to hospital. When they got there, the officers told the nurses that Dhu was acting.

53&nbsp;minutes after Ms Dhu arrived at hospital, she was pronounced dead.

## References
Run (2014 movie)

***Run*** is a 2014 Ivorian French drama movie directed by Philippe Lacôte and starring Abdoul Karim Konaté, Isaach de Bankolé, Djinda Kane.

## Other websites
*