open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Cornufer

***Cornufer*** is a genus of frogs in the family Ceratobatrachidae. Brown et al. (2015), a group of scientists, made it bigger: They placed most Australasian frogs in the family Ceratobatrachidae. These frogs live in Melanesia and Polynesia &mdash; in Palau, Fiji, New Guinea, and in the Admiralty, Bismarck, and Solomon Islands.

## Species
There are more than 50 species of frogs in this genus.

* *Cornufer acrochordus* (Brown, 1965)
* *Cornufer aculeodactylus* (Brown, 1952)
* *Cornufer adiastolus* (Brown, Richards, Sukumaran, and Foufopoulos, 2006)
* *Cornufer admiraltiensis* (Richards, Mack & Austin, 2007)
* *Cornufer akarithyma* (Brown & Tyler, 1968)
* *Cornufer batantae* (Zweifel, 1969)
* *Cornufer bimaculatus* (Günther, 1999)
* *Cornufer boulengeri* (Boettger, 1892)
* *Cornufer browni* (Allison & Kraus, 2001)
* *Cornufer bufoniformis* (Boulenger, 1884)
* *Cornufer bufonulus* (Kraus and Allison, 2007)
* *Cornufer caesiops* (Kraus and Allison, 2009)
* *Cornufer cheesmanae* (Parker, 1940)
* *Cornufer citrinospilus* (Brown, Richards, and Broadhead, 2013)
* *Cornufer cryptotis* (Günther, 1999)
* *Cornufer custos* (Richards, Oliver, and Brown, 2015)
* *Cornufer desticans* (Brown & Richards, 2008)
* *Cornufer elegans* (Brown and Parker, 1970)
* *Cornufer exedrus* (Travers, Richards, Broadhead, and Brown, 2018)
* *Cornufer gigas* (Brown and Parker, 1970)
* *Cornufer gilliardi* (Zweifel, 1960)
* *Cornufer guentheri* (Boulenger, 1884)
* *Cornufer guppyi* (Boulenger, 1884)
* *Cornufer hedigeri* (Brown, Siler, Richards, Diesmos, and Cannatella, 2015)
* *Cornufer heffernani* (Kinghorn, 1928)
* *Cornufer latro* (Richards, Mack & Austin, 2007)
* *Cornufer macrops* (Brown, 1965)
* *Cornufer macrosceles* (Zweifel, 1975)
* *Cornufer magnus* (Brown & Menzies, 1979)
* *Cornufer malukuna* (Brown and Webster, 1969)
* *Cornufer mamusiorum* (Foufopoulos and Brown, 2004)
* *Cornufer manus* (Kraus and Allison, 2009)
* *Cornufer mediodiscus* (Brown and Parker, 1970)
* *Cornufer mimicus* (Brown & Tyler, 1968)
* *Cornufer minutus* (Brown and Parker, 1970)
* *Cornufer montanus* (Brown and Parker, 1970)
* *Cornufer myersi* (Brown, 1949)
* *Cornufer nakanaiorum* (Brown, Foufopoulos, and Richards, 2006)
* *Cornufer neckeri* (Brown & Myers, 1949)
* *Cornufer nexipus* (Zweifel, 1975)
* *Cornufer opisthodon* (Boulenger, 1884)
* *Cornufer paepkei* (Günther, 2015)
* *Cornufer papuensis* (Meyer, 1875)
* *Cornufer parilis* (Brown & Richards, 2008)
* *Cornufer parkeri* (Brown, 1965)
* *Cornufer pelewensis* (Peters, 1867)
* *Cornufer punctatus* (Peters & Doria, 1878)
* *Cornufer schmidti* (Brown & Tyler, 1968)
* *Cornufer solomonis* (Boulenger, 1884)
* *Cornufer sulcatus* (Kraus and Allison, 2007)
* *Cornufer trossulus* (Brown and Myers, 1949)
* *Cornufer vertebralis* (Boulenger, 1887)
* *Cornufer vitianus* (Duméril, 1853)
* *Cornufer vitiensis* (Girard, 1853)
* *Cornufer vogti* (Hediger, 1934)
* *Cornufer weberi* (Schmidt, 1932)
* *Cornufer wolfi* (Sternfeld, 1920)
* *Cornufer wuenscheorum* (Günther, 2006)

## References
*AmphibiaWeb
Percoidea

(*Perca flavescens*)]]
**Percoidea** is a superfamily of perciform fish. The superfamily includes about 3,374 species.

## Related pages 
* Perciformes
* Percoidei
* Percidae

## References 
# J. S. Nelson; T. C. Grande; M. V. H. Wilson (2016). *Fishes of the World* (5th ed.). Wiley. pp. 431–452. ISBN 978-1-118-34233-6.
Ostariophysi

**Ostariophysi** is a clade of Actinopterygii and the second-largest superorder of fish.

## Taxonomy 
The superorder is classified below:

* Series **Anotophysi**
** Gonorynchiformes, about 37 species
* Series **Otophysi** (Euostariophysi)
** Cypriniformes (minnows and allies), about 4,501 species (contains Cyprinidae, largest family of freshwater fishes)
** Characiformes (characins and allies), about 2,168 species
** Siluriformes (catfishes), about 3,813 species
** Gymnotiformes (electric eels, American knifefishes), about 239 species (sometimes grouped under Siluriformes)
Alloparenting

**Alloparenting** is when people other than a child’s mother and father help to raise them. Alloparent is derived from the Greek words 'allo' and 'parens.' Allo means "other," and parens means "parents." So alloparents mean other parents. Other caregivers may include family members or people in the community who are not related to the child. In humans, alloparenting is a common practice to help raise children. The people that take care of the children are called their alloparents.

Humans have a very long infancy and childhood compared to other species. They depend on the adults around them. Adults need to provide children with shelter, food, water, education, love, and support. Children need people to take care of them for many years until they are older. Parents also pass down culture to their children and teach them all about life. They teach them traditions and how to act in the community. They rely on other people as they grow and learn new things. When the birth parents are not the regular caregivers, alloparents take over this role.

## References
Racing in the Street

"**Racing in the Street**" is a 1978 song by Bruce Springsteen and is the fifth track from his fourth studio album *Darkness on the Edge of Town*. The song has been called one of Springsteen's best songs from his album.
Salmo

***Salmo*** is a genus of the fish, salmon. One extinct genus, called *Eosalmo*, resembles the modern salmon.
Ronnie Van Zant

**Ronald Wayne Van Zant** (January 15, 1948 – October 20, 1977) was an American singer. He is known for helping make the rock band Lynyrd Skynyrd, and also singing for it. He is the older brother of Johnny Van Zant and Donnie Van Zant, two other musicians.

On October 20, 1977, Van Zant died in a plane crash. A plane was taking the band from South Carolina to Louisiana, but it ran out of fuel. He died when the plane hit the ground because of head injuries. He was 29 years old. People spent money to make the Ronnie Van Zant Memorial Park in Lake Asbury, Florida for him after he died.

## Albums 
Van Zant sang on six albums when he was in Lynyrd Skynyrd.

* ''(Pronounced 'Lĕh-'nérd 'Skin-'nérd)* (1973)
* *Second Helping* (1974)
* *Nuthin' Fancy* (1975)
* *Gimme Back My Bullets* (1976)
* *One More from the Road* (1976)
* *Street Survivors'' (1977)

## References
Cyprinodontiformes

**Cyprinodontiformes** is an order of fishes. These freshwater fish are sometimes called **toothcarps**, though they are not related to the Cypriniformes. While cyprinids are Ostariophysi, toothcarps are Ovalentaria or Acanthopterygii. 

## Description 
Toothcarps are usually small fish. The channels and pores of the lateral line are mainly in the head, while in the body the lateral line is a series of pointed scales.

Many members of the family Cyprinodontidae (the pupfishes) eat plant material as well and some have adapted to a diet very high in algae to the point where one, the American Flag Fish, is a renowned algae eater in the aquarium, in spite of belonging to an order of fishes that do not generally consume any plant material.

In addition, killifish derive some of the carotenoids and other chemicals required to make their body pigments from pollen grains on the surface of and in the gut of insects they eat from the surface of the water; this can be simulated in culture by the use of special color enhancing foods that contain these compounds.

The largest species is the Pacific four-eyed fish (*Anableps dowei*), which measures 34 cm (13 in) in length, while the smallest one, the least killifish (*Heterandria formosa*), is just 8 mm (0.31 in) long as an adult.

## Distribution 
They are found in freshwater or brackish environments in America, Africa and Asia. The members of this order are notable for their ability to tolerate environment such as saltwater. They usually live near the surface, taking advantage of areas with oxygen-rich water.

## Systematics 
### Classification 
The families in the following classification
, *Fundulopanchax scheeli*]]
**Cyprinodontiformes**

* Suborder Aplocheiloidei (all oviparous)
** Family Aplocheilidae - Asian killifishes
** Family Nothobranchiidae - African killifishes
** Family †Kenyaichthyidae (Miocene of Kenya)
** Family Rivulidae - New World killifishes
* Suborder Cyprinodontoidei
** Family Pantanodontidae - spine killifishes (oviparous)
** Family Fundulidae - topminnows (oviparous)
** Family Cyprinodontidae - pupfishes (oviparous)
** Family Profundulidae - Middle American killifishes (oviparous)
** Family Goodeidae - splitfins or goodeids (largely viviparous)
** Family Fluviphylacidae - American lampeyes (oviparous)
** Family Anablepidae - four-eyed fish (largely ovoviviparous)
** Family Poeciliidae - livebearers (viviparous)
** Family Aphaniidae - Oriental killifishes (oviparous)
** Family Valenciidae - Valencia toothcarps (oviparous)
** Family Procatopodidae - African lampeyes (oviparous)
Additionally, the Anablepidae and Poeciliidae can be grouped in a superfamily called the Poecilioidea:

* Anablepidae Bonaparte, 1831
* Poeciliidae Bonaparte, 1831

, *Belonesox belizanus*]]

### Phylogeny 
## Related pages 
* Mummichog
* Fundulus
* Guppy
* Mosquitofish
* Platy (fish)
* Kenyaichthys – an extinct genus of toothcarp

## References 
## Other websites
Gambusia

***Gambusia*** is a genus of fish in the family Poeciliidae (order Cyprinodontiformes). They are often called **topminnows**, or simply **gambusias**; they are also known as **mosquitofish** which refers to two species, *Gambusia affinis* and *Gambusia holbrooki.* 

## Extinct species 
The Amistad gambusia (*Gambusia amistadensis*) is the only extinct species.
DWBD-TV

**DWBD-TV** (channel 30) is a television station in Batangas City, Philippines, serving as the flagship of the TV5 network. It is owned and operated by the network's namesake corporate parent alongside RPTV outlet DZGG-TV (channel 24). DWBD-TV analog and digital transmitter are located atop Mt. Banoy, Bo. Talumpok East, Batangas City.

## Digital television
### Digital channels
DWET-TV's digital signal operates on UHF Channel 51 (695.143&nbsp;MHz)1 and broadcasts on the following subchannels:

## Rebroadcasters
DWBD-TV's programming is relayed to the following stations across the Southern Tagalog.

## Area of coverage
* Batangas
* Laguna
* Cavite
* Rizal
* Portion of Quezon
* Portion of Oriental Mindoro
* Portion of Marinduque
* Portion of Romblon
Pachycormidae

]]
**Pachycormidae** is an extinct family of prehistoric ray-finned fish. It belongs to the order Pachycormiformes.
List of television and radio stations owned by TV5 Network

The following is a list of television and radio stations that are owned-and-operated and affiliate by  **TV5 Network Inc.** As of 2025, TV5 has one hundred five across the Philippines, with TV5 fifty analog stations, and thirty digital TV stations, One Sports fifteen analog stations, RPTV fourteen analog stations. The network has five originating stations (shaded in red), has twenty-one relay stations and the twenty-one planned, translators stations (shaded in dark gray) and two affiliate stations (shaded in dark red).

## Free-to-air television stations
### TV5 Network 
#### Analog Broadcast Stations 
#### Digital Broadcast Stations
;Luzon

;Visayas

;Mindanao

#### Digital affiliate stations
### One Sports
#### Analog Broadcast Stations
(Operated through TV5's affiliate, Nation Broadcasting Corporation, except the Naga station, which is operated by Mediascape/Cignal TV and TV5 Network)
;Luzon

;Visayas

;Mindanao

### RPTV
## Radio stations
The following is a list of radio stations owned and affiliated by TV5 Network.
### Owned and operated stations
#### True FM
### Affiliated stations
#### Planned
## Note
## Related pages
*Media of the Philippines
*Apollo Broadcast Investors
*Mediascape TV stations

## References
Ichthyodectiformes

**Ichthyodectiformes** is an extinct order of marine stem-teleost ray-finned fish. They were most diverse throughout the Cretaceous period. You can see their "bulldog" appearance, which is why they are also called **bulldog fish**. Ichthyodectiforms are usually considered to be called like that because of their unique appearance. There is evidence that at least one species, *Xiphactinus audax*, may have been endothermic ("warm-blooded").

## Classification 
### Bardackichthyidae 
* †**Bardackichthyidae** Hacker & Shimada, 2021
** †*Amakusaichthys* Yabumoto *et al.*, 2020
** †*Bardackichthys* Hacker & Shimada, 2021
** †*Heckelichthys* Taverne, 2008

### Chuhsiungichthyidae 
* †**Chuhsiungichthyidae** Yabumoto, 1994
** †*Chuhsiungichthys* Lew, 1974
** †*Jinjuichthys* Kim *et al.*, 2014
** †*Mesoclupea* Ping & Yen, 1933

## Description 
*]]
The Ichthyodectiformes resembled sea monsters due to their monstrous appearance. Their face resembled that of a bulldog, which is a dog breed. That is why they are called **bulldog fish**.

### *Saurodon* 
*Saurodon* was quite different from other ichthyodectiforms, because the lower jaw projected in front of the upper.

### *Xiphactinus* 
 leanus*]]
*Xiphactinus* was one of the largest prehistoric fish ever. In 1982, Carl Baugh found a solitary "Y-shaped" fossil that he called **Unicerosaurus** while he was excavating.

## References 
# Nelson, Joseph S.; Grande, Terry C.; Wilson, Mark V. H. (2016). Fishes of the World (5th ed.). John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 9781118342336.
Pieter ter Veer

**Pieter ter Veer** (22 December 1944 – 11 December 2022) was a Dutch politician and dairy farmer from Zuidhorn.

As a politician he he served for Democrats 66 as a member of the House of Representatives from 1981 to 1982 and also from 1989 to 2002.

In 2009 Ter Veer married Louise Groenman. He died from an illness in Heemstede on 11 December 2022, at the age of 77. The day after his death, the House of Representatives paid tribute to his death.

## References
The Bandit's Waterloo

'''''The Bandit's Waterloo''''' is a 1908 American silent drama movie directed by D. W. Griffith and stars Charles Inslee, Linda Arvidson, and Marion Leonard.

## Actors
* Charles Inslee as Bandit leader
* Linda Arvidson as Accomplice / Woman at Inn
* Marion Leonard as Kidnapped woman
* Harry Solter as Police Sergeant
* Arthur V. Johnson
* Florence Lawrence

## References
## Other websites
*
Behind the Scenes (1908 movie)

***Behind the Scenes*** is a 1908 American silent drama movie directed by D. W. Griffith and stars Florence Lawrence, Gladys Egan, and Kate Bruce.

## Actors
* Florence Lawrence as Mrs. Bailey
* Gladys Egan as Mrs. Bailey's Daughter
* Kate Bruce
* George Gebhardt as Member of Audience
* Robert Harron as Messenger
* Charles Inslee as Manager
* George Nichols as The Doctor
* Mack Sennett as Backstage Man

## References
## Other websites
*
Betrayed by a Handprint

***Betrayed by a Handprint*** is a 1908 American silent crime movie directed by D. W. Griffith and stars Florence Lawrence, Harry Solter, and Linda Arvidson.

## Actors
* Florence Lawrence as Myrtle Vane
* Harry Solter as Mr. Wharton
* Linda Arvidson as The Maid / Party Guest
* Kate Bruce as Mrs. Wharton (unconfirmed)
* Gene Gauntier as Party Guest
* George Gebhardt as The Palmister
* Mack Sennett as The Butler

## References
## Other websites
*
The Black Viper

***The Black Viper*** is a 1908 American silent drama movie directed by D. W. Griffith and Wallace McCutcheon Sr. and stars Edward Dillon, George Gebhardt, and Mack Sennett.

## Actors
* Edward Dillon as Mike
* George Gebhardt as Viper
* Mack Sennett as Rescuer
* D. W. Griffith as Rescuer
* Anthony O'Sullivan as Gang Member

## References
## Other websites
*
Bobby's Kodak

'''''Bobby's Kodak''''' is a 1908 American silent comedy movie directed by Wallace McCutcheon and stars Edward Dillon and Robert Harron.

## Actors
* Edward Dillon
* Robert Harron

## References
## Other websites
*
A Calamitous Elopement

***A Calamitous Elopement*** is a 1908 American silent comedy movie directed by D. W. Griffith and stars Harry Solter, Linda Arvidson, and Charles Inslee.

## Actors
* Harry Solter as Frank
* Linda Arvidson as Jennie
* Charles Inslee as Jennie's Father
* George Gebhardt as Bill, a Thief
* John R. Cumpson
* D. W. Griffith as Policeman
* Robert Harron as Bellboy
* Florence Lawrence
* Anthony O'Sullivan

## References
## Other websites
*
A Christmas Carol (1908 movie)

***A Christmas Carol*** is a 1908 American silent horror movie. It stars Thomas Ricketts.

## Actors
*Thomas Ricketts as Ebenezer Scrooge

## References
## Other websites
*
The Clubman and the Tramp

***The Clubman and the Tramp*** is a 1908 American silent comedy movie directed by D. W. Griffith and stars Florence Lawrence, Linda Arvidson, and John R. Cumpson.

## Actors
* Florence Lawrence as Bridget / Dinner Guest
* Linda Arvidson as Dinner Guest
* John R. Cumpson
* George Gebhardt as Waiter
* Robert Harron as Man on Street
* Arthur V. Johnson as Dinner Guest / Moneylender
* Jeanie MacPherson as Dinner Guest
* Mack Sennett as Dinner Guest / Policeman
* Harry Solter as Man on Street

## References
## Other websites
*
Amakusaichthys

***Amakusaichthys*** is an extinct genus of prehistoric ichthyodectiform fish which lived during the Late Cretaceous. The fish is known from only one species, ***A. goshouraensis***. Fossils are known from Kumamoto Prefecture in Japan.

## Description 
*Amakusaichthys* is a relatively small ichthyodectiform fish with length around 60 cm (24 in). It is characterized by its long snout and small mouth and teeth. Multiple specimens are found overlapped in one place, suggesting its schooling ecology.
Acanthuriformes

]]
**Acanthuriformes** is an order of ray-finned fish, part of the Percomorpha clade. Some authorities place the fishes in the order within the in the suborders Acanthuroidea and Percoidea of the order Perciformes.

## Taxonomy 
* Order Acanthuriformes
** Suborder Sciaenoidei Gill, 1872
*** Family Emmelichthyidae Poey, 1867 (Rovers)
*** Family Sciaenidae Cuvier, 1829 (Drums)
** Suborder Acanthuroidei Greenwood *et al*, 1966
*** Family Luvaridae Gill, 1885 (Luvar)
*** Family Zanclidae Bleeker, 1876 (Moorish angels)
*** †Family Acanthonemidae Bannikov, 1991
*** †Family Massalongiidae Tyler & Bannikov, 2005
*** Family Acanthuridae Bonaparte, 1835 (Surgeonfishes)
**** Subfamily Nasinae Fowler & Bean, 1929
**** Subfamily Acanthurinae Bonaparte, 1835
***** Tribe Prionurini J.L.B. Smith, 1966
***** Tribe Zebrasomini Winterbottom, 1993
***** Tribe Acanthurini Bonaparte, 1835

## References 
# "Taxon: Order Acanthuriformes Jordan, 1923". *The Taxonomicon*. Retrieved 24 December 2020.
The Christmas Burglars

***The Christmas Burglars*** is a 1908 American silent drama movie directed by D. W. Griffith and stars Florence Lawrence, Adele DeGarde, and Charles Inslee.

## Actors
* Florence Lawrence as Mrs. Martin
* Adele DeGarde as Margie, Mrs. Martin's Daughter
* Charles Inslee as Mike McLaren
* John R. Cumpson
* Gladys Egan
* George Gebhardt as One of Mike's Assistants
* Arthur V. Johnson as One of Mike's Assistants
* Marion Leonard as Customer
* Jeanie MacPherson as Customer
* Tom Moore as Customer
* Mack Sennett as One of Mike's Assistants
* Harry Solter as One of Mike's Assistants
* Charles West

## References
## Other websites
*
Istiophoriformes

]]

**Istiophoriformes** are an order of bony fish which is not fully recognized by some taxonomists. Some include the two extant families Xiphiidae and Istiophoridae, and others include the family Sphyraenidae.

## Families 
The following families are classified under the Istiophoriformes. Three are extant, and three are extinct:
* Sphyraenidae (barracudas)
* Xiphiidae (swordfish)
* Istiophoridae (marlins, spearfish and sailfish) 
* †Hemingwayidae
* †Palaeorhynchidae
* †Blochiidae
 
]]

## References 
# "Istiophoriformes". Encyclopedia of Life. Retrieved 10 May 2018.
Prehistoric ray-finned fish

**Prehistoric ray-finned fish** are basal actinopterygians that are known from fossil remains. 

## Description 
These prehistoric creatures have different shapes and sizes. They are also colorful. For example, *Amakusaichthys* is an ichthyodectiform that is navy blue on the top, blue in the middle, and celeste pallido blue at the bottom.
Wanted Dead or Alive (Bon Jovi song)

"**Wanted Dead or Alive**" is a 1987 song by American hard rock band Bon Jovi and is the third single from their third studio album *Slippery When Wet*. It went to number 5 in New Zealand, number 6 in Ireland, number 7 in the United States, number 13 in Australia and the United Kingdom, number 17 in Ireland and number 20 in the Netherlands.

## Track listings
## References
Gold Dust Woman

"**Gold Dust Woman**" is a 1977 song by British American band Fleetwood Mac and taken from their 11th studio album *Rumours*. It was the B-side to the American single release from *You Make Loving Fun*. It was covered by the band Hole in 1996.
The Call of the Wild (1908 movie)

***The Call of the Wild*** is a 1908 American silent western movie directed by D. W. Griffith and stars Charles Inslee, Harry Solter, and Florence Lawrence.

## Actors
* Charles Inslee as George Redfeather
* Harry Solter as Lieutenant Penrose
* Florence Lawrence as  Gladys Penrose
* George Gebhardt as The Indian agent
* John R. Cumpson as The Penroses' Chinese servant
* Mack Sennett as Party guest / Indian warrior
* Arthur Johnson as Party guest / Indian warrior
* Claire McDowell as Party guest

## References
## Other websites
*
Stephen "tWitch" Boss

**Stephen Laurel "tWitch" Boss** (September 29, 1982December 13, 2022) was an American freestyle hip hop dancer, choreographer, actor, television producer, and television personality. 

In 2008, Boss finished in second place on the American version of *So You Think You Can Dance*. From 2014 to May 2022, he was featured on *The Ellen DeGeneres Show* as a co-host. He was also a co-executive producer of the program. He was featured as DeGeneres' sidekick in ''Ellen's Game of Games*. Between 2018 and 2020, Boss and his wife Allison Holker hosted *Disney's Fairy Tale Weddings* on Freeform and Disney+.

## Death 
On December 13, 2022, Allison Holker told Los Angeles officers that Boss left their home without taking the car. This was unusual behavior. Boss died by shooting at the Oak Tree Inn in Encino, Los Angeles without leaving the hotel. His death was ruled a suicide. Boss was 40 years old.

## Filmography 
### Movies 
### Television 
### Web series 
## Awards 
* Runner Up, *Star Search'', 2003
* 3rd Place, MTV's *The Wade Robson Project*, 2003
* Runner Up, Season 4 of *So You Think You Can Dance*, 2008

## Net worth 
Boss had an estimated net worth of around $5 million at the time of his death. During his first two seasons on "The Ellen DeGeneres Show," twitch's salary was $500,000 per season, then it was raised to $1 million per season . In 2015, Boss paid $1.15 million for a 2,500+ square foot home in the Sherman Oaks area of Los Angeles. He put the four-bedroom home on the market for $1.299 million in April 2019.

## References 
## Other websites 
* 
* 
* Interview with tWitch on Fox 11
Cornufer solomonis

The **Solomon wrinkled ground frog** (**Cornufer solomonis**) is a frog. It lives in the Solomon Islands.

## References
Pachycormiformes

**Pachycormiformes** is an extinct order of marine ray-finned fish. They lived in the early Jurassic period to the end of the Cretaceous. It only includes a single family, the **Pachycormidae**. They were characterized by having serrated pectoral fins (though more recent studies demonstrated that fin shape diversity in this group was high), reduced pelvic fins and a bony rostrum.

## Relationships 
Pachycormiformes were probably members of the Teleosteomorpha. This was a group which includes all fish more closely related to modern teleosts than to Holostei. This is a group which includes the bowfin and gars.

## Taxonomy 
* *Euthynotus* Wagner, 1860
* *Haasichthys* Delsate, 1999
* *Notodectes* Dolgopol de Saez, 1949
* *Pseudoasthenocormus*
* *Sauropsis* Agassiz, 1843
* **Hypsocorminae** Vetter, 1881
** *Australopachycormus* Kear, 2007
** *Hypsocormus* Wagner, 1860
** *Kaykay* Gouiric-Cavalli & Arratia, 2022
** *Orthocormus* Weitzel, 1930
** *Protosphyraena* Leidy, 1857
** *Simocormus* Maxwell *et al.*, 2020
* **Asthenocorminae** Cooper *et al.*, 2022
** *Germanostomus* Cooper *et al.*, 2022
** *Ohmdenia* Hauff, 1953
** *Pachycormus* Agassiz, 1833
** *Saurostomus* Agassiz, 1843
** Suspension-feeding clade
*** *Asthenocormus* Woodward, 1895
*** *Bonnerichthys* Friedman *et al.*, 2010
*** *Leedsichthys* Woodward, 1889
*** *Martillichthys* Liston, 2008
*** *Rhinconichthys* Friedman *et al.*, 2010

## Related pages 
* Leedsichthys
* Bobasatraniiformes
* Ellimmichthyiformes

## References 
## Other websites
Tu Jhoothi Main Makkaar

***Tu Jhoothi Main Makkaar*** () also abbreviated as ***TJMM***, is a 2023 Indian Hindi-language romantic comedy movie. It was directed by Luv Ranjan and written by Rahul Mody, Luv Ranjan. It is produced by Luv Films and T-Series. *Tu Jhoothi Main Makkaar* started showing in theaters on 8 March 2023.

## Cast
* Ranbir Kapoor as Rohan "Mickey" Arora 
* Shraddha Kapoor as Nisha "Tinni" Malhotra
* Anubhav Singh Bassi as Manu Dabbas
* Dimple Kapadia as Renu Arora, Mickey's mother
* Boney Kapoor as Ramesh Arora, Mickey's father
* Hasleen Kaur as Minny, Mickey's sister
* Inayat Verma as Sweetu, Mickey's niece
* Monica Chaudhary as Kinchi, Manu's girlfriend
* Rajesh Jais as Mr. Malhotra, Tinni's father
* Ayesha Raza Mishra as Mrs. Malhotra, Tinni's mother
* Kartik Aaryan in a cameo appearance
* Nushrat Bharucha in a cameo appearance

## Related pages
*List of Hindi movies of 2023

## References
## Other websites
*
Burning the Ground

"**Burning the Ground**" is the 20th single by English new wave band Duran Duran and taken from their greatest hits album *Decade*. It went to number 7 in Italy and number 31 in the United Kingdom.

## Formats and track listing 
### 7": EMI. / DD 13 United Kingdom
# "Burning the Ground" - 4:00
# "Decadance" - 3:29

### 12": EMI. / 12DD 13 United Kingdom
# "Burning the Ground" - 4:00
# "Decadance" - 3:29
# "Decadance" (Extended Mix) - 7:57

### 12": Capitol Records. / V-15546 United States 
# "Burning the Ground" - 4:00
# "Decadance" (Extended Mix) - 7:57
# "Decadance" - 3:29

### CD: EMI. / CD DD 13 United Kingdom 
# "Burning the Ground" - 4:00
# "Decadance" - 3:29
# "Decadance" (Extended Mix) - 7:57

### CD: part of *The Singles 1986–1995* boxset 
# "Burning the Ground" - 4:00
# "Decadance" - 3:29
# "Decadance" (2 Risk E Remix 12) - 7:57

## References
Queen Esther

* by Edwin Long]]
**Queen Esther** whose name was originally *Hadassah'' is a woman from the Book of Esther. She was the cousin and ward of Mordecai and was married to Ahaseurus. Haman didn't like that Mordecai didn't bow before him. This makes Haman plan to kill all the Jews in Persia. Esther stops the plan by telling Ahaseurus about Haman's plan, which gets Haman executed.

## References
Treaty of Wallingford

The **Treaty of Wallingford**, also known as the **Treaty of Winchester** or the **Treaty of Westminster**, was an agreement between Stephen of Blois and Henry II of England in the summer of 1153. The treaty ended the civil war called The Anarchy. The treaty was named for Wallingford Castle.

## Sources 
* Bradbury, Jim. (1996) *Stephen and Matilda: The Civil War of 1139–53.* Sutton Publishing. .
* King, Edmund. (2010) *King Stephen.* New Haven, U.S.: Yale University Press. .
Ved (movie)

***Ved*** () is a 2022 Indian Marathi-language romantic drama film. It is directed by Riteish Deshmukh in his directorial debut and is produced by his wife, Genelia D'Souza. The film is inspired by the 2019 Telugu film *Majili*. 

*Ved* was theatrically released on 30 December 2022.

## Synopsis 
The film depicts the story of Satya (Riteish Deshmukh), a young man who is obsessed with only two things 'cricket' and his love for his girlfriend. When he can't make it in cricket and losses his girlfriend, he turns to addictions.

## Cast 
* Riteish Deshmukh as Satya Jadhav, a former cricketer
* Genelia Deshmukh as Shravani Jadhav, Satya’s wife
* Jiya Shankar as Nisha Katkar, Satya’s ex-girlfriend
* Ashok Saraf as Dinkar Jadhav; Satya's Father 
* Vidyadhar Joshi as Murli Shinde; Shravani's Father
* Raviraj Kande as Bhaskar Anna 
* Shubhankar Tawde as Jonty
* Khushi Hajare as Khushi; Nisha's daughter & Satya's adopted daughter
* Vineet Sharma as Captain Kumar Katkar; Nisha's father
* Pooja Suresh as Railway office colleague
* Sandy as Inspector Sonavane
* Kunal Pawar as Kunal; Bride's brother
* Hrishikesh Joshi as Sandeep Patil; Shravani's boss
* Siddhartha Jadhav as Suresh
* Jitendra Joshi as Ramesh
* Salman Khan in a guest appearance

## Production
In December 2021, it was announced that Riteish Deshmukh will make his directorial debut in the film to be produced by Genelia Deshmukh under the banner of Mumbai Film Company. The film also marks her debut in Marathi films. On 2 February 2022, Genelia Deshmukh shared video from the sets of the film.

## Release 
The teaser of *Ved* was released on 24 November 2022 on YouTube.  It was released in theaters on December 30, 2022.

## References
Chad Stahelski

**Chad Stahelski** (born September 20, 1968) is an American director known for the John Wick movies. Before directing, Stahelski was a professional stuntman and performed stunts in *The Crow* for Brandon Lee. After Lee died on set, they imposed his face over Stahelski's body.

## References
David Leitch

**David Leitch** (born February 7, 1970) is an American actor who co-directed *John Wick* (2014) and was also the director of *Atomic Blonde* (2017), *Deadpool 2* (2018), and *Hobbs & Shaw* (2019). He was born in Kohler, Wisconsin.

## Other websites 
*
Karel van Eerd

**Carolus Johannes Maria "Karel" van Eerd** (8 April 1938 – 14 December 2022) was a Dutch supermarket entrepreneur. For many years he was general manager and then chairman of the supervisory board of supermarkets Jumbo.

Van Eerd came from a family that owned food wholesalers since the early 20th-century. In 1957, when he was 18 years old, he joined the business at the time his father had to take it easy. He soon took over the management. Van Eerd took over the name "Jumbo" and its formula in 1984 from Jan Meurs. In the mid-1980s there were three Jumbo stores. In 2022, at the time of his death, there were over 700 Jumbo supermarkets, including some in Belgium.

Van Eerd died from an illness in Veghel on 14 December 2022, at the age of 84.

## References
1959–60 Austrian Cup

The **1959-60 Austrian Cup** was  Austria's nationwide football cup competition. Wiener AC were the defending champions.

50 teams played in the competition
*14 clubs from the Staatsliga
* 13 clubs of the Regionalliga Ost
* 11 clubs of the Regionalliga Mitte
* 6 clubs of the regional associations Salzburg, Tirol and Vorarlberg (2 each)
* 6 clubs of the regional associations Vienna, Lower Austria, Burgenland, Upper Austria, Styria and Carinthia (1 each)

## Preliminary round 
*First round with teams from the Second league

## First round 
First round with top division teams

## Round of 16 
***Replay matches:**

***Second replay match:**

## Quarter-finals 
## Semi-finals 
## Final 
***FK Austria Wien:**
Paul Schweda - Oskar Fischer - Norbert Krasa - Johann Löser - Adolf Blutsch - Erich Medveth - Franz Pfeiffer - Johann Riegler - Horst Nemec - Ernst Fiala - Walter Schleger coach: Karl Schlechta
* **SK Rapid Wien:**
Josef Eder - Paul Halla - Walter Glechner - Wilhelm Zaglitsch - Lothar Bilek - Karl Gießer - Stefan Zajic - Walter Skocik - Robert Dienst - Rudolf Flögl - Josef Bertalan coach: Robert Körner
## Top goalscorers
## References
Eslanda Goode Robeson

**Eslanda Goode Robeson (1896 - 1965)**, born December 15, 1896, was an American author, anthropologist and activist. She is best known as a critic of the United State’s racial laws, a supporter of African independence from colonial powers, and as the wife of Paul Robeson. Eslanda Goode Robeson had a large impact on the Civil Rights Movement where she fought segregation and racism in the United States. She continued this work until her death in 1965.

## Background & Education 
Eslanda Goode Robeson was born in 1896 in Washington, D.C. Her father was a clerk, and her mother was a beautician. Robeson attended the University of Illinois before transferring to Columbia University, where she earned a bachelor's degree in chemistry in 1923. She then left this career after marrying her husband, Paul.

Eslanda Goode Robeson was also in filmmaking, mostly as an actress. She acted in the silent films *Borderline* (1930) and *Big Fella* (1937).

## Publications 
Over the course of her life, Robeson wrote three books: *Paul Robeson, Negro* (1930), a biography of her husband, *African Journey* (1945), an ethnographic work on sub-Saharan Africa in the 1930’s, and *American Argument* (1949), a wide-ranging conversation between herself and the author, Pearl S. Buck. Throughout *African Journey,* she connects the daily lives and struggles of Black Africans with those of Black Americans.
## References
Joseph Trapanese

**Joseph Trapanese** (born August 7, 1984) is an American composer, arranger and producer.

## Early life and education 
Trapanese was born in Perth Amboy, New Jersey to Italian American parents and raised in Jersey City, New Jersey. Trapanese attended Dr. Ronald E. McNair Academic High School before moving on to the Manhattan School of Music.

## Film and television music 
### Early career 
Trapanese began his composing career by collaborating with Daft Punk on the soundtrack for the Walt Disney Pictures film *Tron: Legacy*.

### 2011-present 
Trapanese has gone on to compose numerous projects including Disney XD's animated series *Tron: Uprising*, Sony Pictures Classics' *The Raid: Redemption*, Sony Pictures Television's original web series *The Banner Way*, the independent feature *Mamitas* and numerous scores for live-action and animated films from University of California, Los Angeles's School of Theatre, Film and Television.

## Music collaboration with artists 
Following his collaboration with Daft Punk on *Tron: Legacy*, M83 on *Oblivion*, and Mike Shinoda (Linkin Park on The Raid: Redemption'', Trapanese continues to work with artists in film scoring, album production, and live albums.

## Music for live theater 
The music Trapanese has produced for theater is performed primarily in New York City, most notably in productions by The Actors Company Theatre.

## Awards and honors 
* In 2012, Joseph has nominated for an IFMCA Award for Breakthrough Film Composer of the Year' by the International Film Music Critics Association

## References 
## Other websites 
*
Commodity fetishism

Commodity fetishism is an important concept in Marx's philosophy in his magnus opus *The Capital*. In his writings, he describes that people in capitalist systems are too focused on the end product people buy (a commodity) and forget to think about the processes that helped the commodity come about. 

For example, a ballpoint pen must go through material sourcing, designing, prototyping and manufacturing before it can be shipped and delivered to customers. Many people, including workers, took part in the production of the pen, and Marx believes that capitalist thinking takes people away from those processes and relationships which result in a commodity.
Margaritaville

"**Margaritaville**" is a 1977 song by Jimmy Buffett and taken from his seventh studio album *Changes in Latitudes, Changes in Attitudes*. It went to number 4 in Canada, number 8 in the United States, number 33 in New Zealand and number 98 in Australia. It has been covered by country singer Alan Jackson for his 1999 album *Under the Influence*.

## References
Karel Anthierens

**Karel Anthierens ** (22 October 1935 – 15 December 2022) was a Belgian journalist. He worked during his 40-years career for 17 newspapers and magazines.

## Biography
Anthierens had 11 brothers and sisters. His brothers Johan Anthierens and Jef Anthierens were also well-known journalists.

Anthierens had a wife, two sons and grandchildren. He died in Sint-Genesius-Rode on 15 December 2022, at the age of 87.

## References
Antony and Cleopatra (1908 movie)

***Antony and Cleopatra*** is a 1908 American silent drama movie based on the play by Shakespeare. It was directed by J. Stuart Blackton and Charles Kent and stars Maurice Costello, Florence Lawrence, and William V. Ranous.

## Actors
* Maurice Costello as Mark Antony
* Florence Lawrence: Cleopatra 
* William V. Ranous: Octavius Caesar 
* Betty Kent: Cleopatra 
* William Phillips: Octavius Caesar 
* Charles Chapman: Mark Antony

## References
## Other websites
*
Deceived Slumming Party

***Deceived Slumming Party*** is a 1908 American silent comedy movie directed by D. W. Griffith and stars Edward Dillon, D. W. Griffith, and George Gebhardt.

## Actors
* Edward Dillon as Guide (as Eddie Dillon)   
* D. W. Griffith as Reginald O.C. Wittington     
* George Gebhardt as Chinese    
* Charles Inslee as Chinese  
* Anthony O'Sullivan as Chinese  
* Mack Sennett as Policeman / Waiter
* Harry Solter as Chinese

## References
## Other websites
*
Father Gets in the Game

***Father Gets in the Game*** is a 1908 American silent comedy movie directed by D. W. Griffith and stars Mack Sennett, Harry Solter, and George Gebhardt.

## Actors
* Mack Sennett as Bill Wilkins
* Harry Solter as Wilkins' Son
* George Gebhardt as Professor Dyem / First Couple
* Linda Arvidson
* Charles Avery as The Butler
* Charles Gorman
* Charles Inslee as Clumsy Waiter (unconfirmed)
* Florence Lawrence as First Couple
* Marion Leonard
* Jeanie MacPherson

## References
## Other websites
*
The Feud and the Turkey

***The Feud and the Turkey*** is a 1908 American silent drama movie directed by D. W. Griffith and stars Harry Solter, Linda Arvidson, and Arthur V. Johnson.

## Actors
* Harry Solter as Mr. Caufield
* Linda Arvidson as Mrs. Caufield
* Arthur V. Johnson as Colonel Wilkinson
* Robert Harron as George Wilkinson
* George Gebhardt as Bobby Wilkinson as an Adult
* Marion Leonard as Nellie Caufield as an Adult
* Gertrude Robinson as Nellie Caufield as a Child
* Florence Lawrence as Nellie Caufield's Sister
* Clara T. Bracy
* Edward Dillon
* Charles Inslee as Uncle Daniel
* Violet Mersereau
* Herbert Miles 
* Mack Sennett as A Member of the Wilkinson Clan

## References
## Other websites
*
The Fight for Freedom

***The Fight for Freedom*** is a 1908 American silent western movie directed by D. W. Griffith and stars Florence Auer, Arthur V. Johnson, and Kate Bruce.

## Actors
* Florence Auer as Juanita
* Arthur V. Johnson as Pedro
* Kate Bruce as Pedro's mother
* John G. Adolfi
* Edward Dillon as posse member
* George Gebhardt as man in saloon / guard
* Wallace McCutcheon Jr.
* Anthony O'Sullivan as bartender  
* Robert G. Vignola

## References
## Other websites
*
For a Wife's Honor

'''''For a Wife's Honor''''' is a 1908 American silent drama movie directed by D. W. Griffith and stars Charles Inslee, Harry Solter, and Linda Arvidson.

## Actors
* Charles Inslee as Irving Robertson
* Harry Solter as Frank Wilson
* Linda Arvidson as The Maid
* George Gebhardt as Henderson, the Manager
* Charles Gorman
* Arthur V. Johnson

## References
## Other websites
*
Ernst Kaltenbrunner (footballer)

**Ernst Kaltenbrunner** (5  June 1937 – 11 July  1967) was an Austrian football player. He played for Wiener AC, Admira Wien and the Austrian national football team.

## Career
Ernst Kaltenbrunner started his football career at the Sportvereinigung Zellerndorf where he was a founding member of the first team in 1952. In 1955–56 he went to SK Admira Wien as a center forward where he scored 15 league goals in his debut season. His most successful time was at the WAC where he played since 1957. In the three seasons between 1958 and 1961  he scored 74 goals in the A-League.

Together with his younger brother Günter Kaltenbrunner he went back to  Admira in 1961. He played just a few matches and went back to WAC in 1963. In 1965 the club was relegated. Kaltenbrunner was not able to play because he had a serious illness. He became youth coach at SV Schwechat and died just a few days after his 30th birthday in 1967.

## International career
He played only one match for the team  on 12 December 1960 in Naples. He scored the winning goal in a 2-1 away win over Italy.
## International statistics 
:''Scores and results list Austrias's goal tally first, score column indicates score after each Kaltenbrunnergoal.''

## Honours
* Austrian Cup: 1958-59

## References
Sol Amarfio

**Solomon Amarki "Sol" Amarfio** (22 September 1938 – 13 December 2022) was a Ghanaian drummer and songwriter. He was the drummer of Osibisa and also wrote songs for the band. With the band he scored a worldwide hit with *The Coffee Song* (1976), *Sunshine Day* (1976) and *Pata Pata* (1980).

## Biography
Sol was born on 22 September 1938 in Asere in Accra. He started drumming at the age of 14, which he learned himself. He received as a teenager the nickname "The Rhythm Man". He played in several bands in Ghana. Around 1960 he moved to London. There he played with other Ghanaian artists, including the brothers Teddy Osei (saxophone) and Mac Tontoh (trumpet). Together with other African and Caribbean musicians, he founded the group Osibisa in 1969. They played a mixture of Western and African music. Amarfio was also the writer of several songs. They scored several hits, including in the Netherlands (Dutch Top 40) and the United Kingdom. Amarfio left the group in the early 1990s and moved back later to Accra where he was considered a musical hero.

Amarfio died on 13 December 2022, at the age of 84.

## References
John Wick

***John Wick*** is a series of neo-noir action movies and media franchise. It stars Keanu Reeves as the titular character who becomes a vigilante trying to get revenge against the criminal who killed his pet dog. 

The series started with the release of *John Wick* in 2014, followed by *Chapter 2* in 2017, *Chapter 3 – Parabellum* in 2019 and *Chapter 4* in 2023. There are spin-offs planned for the franchise. The limited series *The Continental: From the World of John Wick* debuted in 2023, while *From the World of John Wick: Ballerina* is set to be released in 2025.
CinemaSins

**CinemaSins** is a YouTube channel about movie criticism and comedy. It was created by Jeremy Scott and Chris Atkinson. It has over nine million subscribers. 

## History
CinemaSins began in 2012 when Scott and Atkinson made a video called “Everything wrong with The Amazing Spider-Man in 2 minutes or less” criticizing the movie The Amazing Spider-Man starring Andrew Garfield. CinemaSins has also worked with other YouTube shows like Screen Junkies for their videos on “Everything wrong with Iron Man 3” and “Everything Wrong With The Amazing Spider-Man 2”. CinemaSins also worked with The Nostalgia Critic for Everything Wrong With How the Grinch Stole Christmas. Dr. Neil deGrasse Tyson also narrated some CinemaSins videos about science fiction movies.

## Criticism of CinemaSins
In 2013, Rian Johnson criticized CinemaSins’ video about the movie Looper saying it was “oddly nasty”. In 2015, Damon Lindelof criticized CinemaSins for making fun of movies for having problems instead of making better movies themselves. In 2017, Jordan Vogt-Roberts criticized CinemaSins saying “things like CinemaSins simply suck the life-blood out of other people and are often just wrong about intent or how cinema works. It’s terrible” and compared it to Mystery Science Theater 3000 saying that unlike CinemaSins it “had merit to itself”. C. Robert Cargill said he agreed with Vogt-Roberts. In 2019, David F. Sandberg made a YouTube video criticizing CinemaSins for its video on the movie Shazam!

## Pastiche Channels
There a lot of YouTube channels that like to do things similar to what CinemaSins does and are influenced by CinemaSins. For example, in 2015 a man named Lee Boucher created a channel called CinemaWins where he goes out of his way to find good parts of different movies (especially ones that got bad reviews) and praise them for having those.
Nightswimming

"**Nightswimming**" is a 1993 song by alternative rock band R.E.M. and is the fifth single from their 8th studio album *Automatic for the People*. It went to number 27 in the United Kingdom, number 48 in New Zealand and number 71 in Australia. It did not chart in the United States.

## Track listing
All songs written by Bill Berry, Peter Buck, Mike Mills and Michael Stipe.

* **7" Single**
# "Nightswimming" – 4:16
# "Losing My Religion" (acoustic live) – 4:55

* **12" and CD Maxi-Single**
# "Nightswimming" – 4:16
# "World Leader Pretend" (acoustic live) – 5:16
# "Belong" (acoustic live) – 4:40
# "Low" (acoustic live) – 4:59

(All four acoustic live b-sides recorded live in Charleston, April 28, 1991, for the *Mountain Stage* radio program. "Belong" and "Low" both taken from the album *Out of Time*)

## References
Drive (R.E.M. song)

"**Drive**" is a 1992 song by alternative rock band R.E.M. and is the lead single to their eighth studio album *Automatic for the People*. It went to number 28 in the United States and number 11 in the United Kingdom. It went to the top ten in Canada, Greece, Ireland, New Zealand, Norway, Portugal and Switzerland.

## Track listings
All songs were written by Bill Berry, Peter Buck, Mike Mills, and Michael Stipe except where noted.

**US 7-inch, cassette, and CD single**
# "Drive"&nbsp;– 4:25
# "Winged Mammal Theme"&nbsp;– 2:57

**UK CD1**
# "Drive"&nbsp;– 4:25
# "World Leader Pretend"&nbsp;– 4:15
# "First We Take Manhattan" &nbsp;– 6:06

**UK CD2**
# "Drive"&nbsp;– 4:25
# "It's a Free World, Baby"&nbsp;– 5:11
# "Winged Mammal Theme"&nbsp;– 2:55
# "First We Take Manhattan" &nbsp;– 6:06

**UK 7-inch and cassette single**
# "Drive"&nbsp;– 4:25
# "World Leader Pretend"&nbsp;– 4:15

## References
Peyton Reed

**Peyton Tucker Reed** (born July 3, 1964) is an American movie and television director. He made the movies *The Break-Up*, *Yes Man* and the *Ant-Man* movies among others.

## References 
## Other websites 
*
Phil Daniels

**Philip William Daniels** (born 25 March 1958) is an English actor, musician and singer. 

He is most noted for film and television roles playing Londoners, such as the lead role of Jimmy Cooper in *Quadrophenia*, Richards in *Scum*, Stewart in *The Class of Miss MacMichael*, Danny in *Breaking Glass*, Mark in *Meantime*, Billy Kid in *Billy the Kid and the Green Baize Vampire*, Kevin Wicks in *EastEnders*, DCS Frank Patterson in *New Tricks*, and Grandad Trotter in the *Only Fools and Horses* prequel *Rock & Chips*. He is also known for featuring on Blur's 1994 hit single "Parklife".
Governor of Mato Grosso do Sul

The **Governor of Mato Grosso do Sul** is the head of government of the Brazilian state of Mato Grosso do Sul.

It is a public position chosen through the two-round majority electoral system. If a candidate receives more than 50% of the total votes in the first ballot, he is elected without the need for a second round.

The seat of the government (*Governadoria)* is located in Parque dos Poderes, in the Sulmatogrossense capital, Campo Grande. The building is also occupied by the headquarters of the Secretary of State for Government and Strategic Management and the Undersecretariat of Communication.

## References 
## Other websites
Concealing a Burglar

***Concealing a Burglar*** is a 1908 American silent drama movie directed by D. W. Griffith and stars Arthur V. Johnson, Florence Lawrence, and Harry Solter.

## Actors
* Arthur V. Johnson as Mr. Brown
* Florence Lawrence as Mrs. Brown
* Harry Solter as Mr. Wells
* Linda Arvidson
* George Gebhardt as Dinner Guest
* Robert Harron as Valet
* Jeanie MacPherson as Dinner Guest
* Mack Sennett as The Waiter / A Policeman

## References
## Other websites
*
Cool Jerk

"**Cool Jerk**" is a 1966 song by R & B band The Capitols. It went to number 7 in the United States and number 9 in Canada. It was used in the 1992 movie *Home Alone 2: Lost in New York*. It has been covered by new wave band The Go-Go's.

## References
The Devil (1908 movie)

***The Devil*** is a 1908 American silent drama movie directed by D. W. Griffith and stars Harry Solter, Claire McDowell, and George Gebhardt.

## Actors
* Harry Solter as Harold Thornton
* Claire McDowell as Mrs. Thornton
* George Gebhardt as The Devil
* D. W. Griffith
* Arthur V. Johnson as The Wife's Companion
* Florence Lawrence as A Model
* Jeanie MacPherson
* Mack Sennett as The Waiter

## References
## Other websites
*