SLAPP Suits

"**SLAPP Suits**" is a part of the  HBO show *Last Week Tonight with John Oliver.* It is focused on strategic lawsuits against public participation, known as SLAPP suits–lawsuits made to scare people out of saying anything bad about someone else. It was first played on November 10, 2019, as part of the twenty-ninth episode of the series's sixth season. During the twenty six-minute video, comedian John Oliver talked about the result of a lawsuit against him from mining businessman Robert E. "Bob" Murray. He talked about the harmful effects of lawsuits like that. Oliver then ended the clip with a song entitled "Eat Shit, Bob!" in honor of winning his lawsuit.

## Background 
### Coal 
 *(pictured)* was part of the penultimate episode of *Last Week Tonight*'s sixth season.]]
On June 18, 2017, John Oliver played a video on his show, called "Coal". Itt was about the coal mining industry. Oliver began the piece by showing Donald Trump's fondness for the coal industry. He played videos of him when he was running for president in 2016 in a coal miner's hat and talking to a crowd that had miners in it. In the speech, he told the miners to prepare to work their "asses off" when he became President. Oliver then introduced Bob Murray, who is the head of Murray Energy.

Oliver explained that he and his team talked to Murray Energy about this segment before showing it. He said that he received a letter from Murray Energy telling him that he should cease and desist from–or stop–"any efforts to [...] injure Mr. Murray". Oliver also said that Murray has sued people before. Oliver ignored this letter. He called Murray a "geriatric Dr. Evil" who was "on the same side as black lung". Oliver also talked about other errors in the way Murray's miners were told to do their jobs. Oliver particularly talked about the Crandall Canyon Mine collapse that killed 9 people. Bob Murray argued that it was the fault of an earthquake. However, the federal government said that it was the fault of the dangerous way miners were told to do their jobs. The government told Murray Energy that they had to pay . This is the highest amount possible the federal government can make someone pay for doing a dangerous thing like this. Oliver then talked about Murray's program for coal miners to earn more money. The workers did not like the program. They said that it might encourage them to do dangerous things for more money. The company told the workers that they could return their money if they felt they were being encouraged to do risky things. Two miners gave back the money, writing the words "KISS MY ASS BOB" and "Eat Shit Bob" on their checks.

### Lawsuit 
On June 22, 2017, some companies owned by Bob Murray said that they had filed a lawsuit. The lawsuit was against John Oliver, HBO, and others close to Oliver. Bob Murray said that Oliver had defamed them–said untrue and bad things about Murray and his company. The plaintiffs said that they didn't like the way Oliver talked about the Crandall Canyon Mine collapse. They repeated what they had said before about the mine collapse–that it was because of an earthquake and that Oliver was lying. They also said that because so many people watch Oliver's show, that he was unfairly hurting Murray. Murray wanted money from Oliver, as well as a gag order–a court telling someone not to say something–stopping people from watching the segment.

On February 24, 2018, the case was thrown out. This was because the judge agreed with HBO's argument that Murray hadn't shown that anything was wrong with what Oliver did. Bob Murray asked another court to reconsider the case. Before they could, all the justices on that court were fired. The case was dropped soon after. Oliver later said that this was a relief to him. This was because he had made a joke on his show a few years before. He said that the head Justice on the court, Allen Loughry, referred to his penis as "The Gavel".

#### Amicus curiae 
The ACLU–an activist group of lawyers–wrote a letter to the court for Oliver. People liked the letter because it was funny and sarcastic. This is not common in that type of letter. The paper had lines such as "You Can’t Sue People for Being Mean to You, Bob" and "A Brief History of Plaintiffs’ Attempts to Chill Speech by Abusing the Legal System." The letter said that Oliver's segment did not say anything that was bad for Murray. They said some of the statements were jokes, and the rest were true.   Murray didn't like the way the ACLU worded their letter. They wrote that the biased tone by itself should make the court throw away the other letter.  5 days after the 2016 United States presidential election, Oliver's show made a video called "President-Elect Trump". Oliver told to donate to activists they saw as left-leaning. These clauses included Planned Parenthood, the NAACP Legal Defense and Educational Fund, The Trevor Project, the Center for Reproductive Rights, and the International Refugee Assistance Project. Murray Energy said that this encouragement caused an "immediate surge of millions of dollars in donations to the ACLU". Because of this, said Murray Energy, the court should throw away the ACLU's letter. *Reuters* argued that Murray Energy did not prove that what they said was true. They said this because Murray provided links to three articles to prove what they said. None of the articles backed up what Murray said. The articles did agree that the activists got more money. However, they said that it was because of the election, and not because of Oliver's show. Oliver pointed out that Murray has filed at least nine lawsuits against news companies and journalists who have said bad things about him, including the *Huffington Post* Oliver argued that Murray has sued those who aren't lucky enough to have the support of a large company like HBO and their own insurance. He then suggested that because those people might be scared of Murray, they won't say anything bad about him. Oliver argued that this led to almost nobody in the press writing about two sexual harassment cases against Murray. One of these cases involved Murray asking a woman employee to get on her hands and knees and find a kidney stone that Murray had passed and lost.

Oliver said that the segment was checked over by HBO's lawyers (who he joked were "getting very tired of this"). However, he also said that the episode would likely lead to another lawsuit from Murray. Oliver said that he would stand behind his works if it were to happen. When Judge Jeffery D. Cramer threw out Oliver's case, he noted that people are allowed to use "loose, figurative language". Oliver brought this up as his reason to create a musical number to end the episode.

### Musical number 
Oliver took the name of "Eat Shit, Bob" from the money the miner returned. He then acted in a five-minute musical number, initially set in his studio. There, he began singing slowly that "even though he'll threaten legal Armageddon, we have just one tiny thing to say..." Then, P;over put up his middle finger and exclaimed "Bob Murray can go fuck himself today!" He then introduced the "Suck My Balls, Bob" dancers. The dancers to Times Square as they recounted fake stories of Murray doing crazy and terrible things. They joked that he caused the 1994 Cobo Arena attack on Nancy Kerrigan, shot puppies into outer space, supplied drugs to Bill Cosby, murdered Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria and started World War I, and was the Zodiac Killer. Brian d'Arcy James also made an appearance as HBO's legal counsel. At first, he told everyone to stop singing and dancing. Then, James went into his own segment. There, he recounted Bob Murray forcing tourists at the New York City M&M's Store to watch as he "crammed them (M&M's) up his anal hole."

## Reaction 
An opinion from the *Charleston Gazette-Mail* said that there was "a lesson in John Oliver roasting Bob Murray". The lesson was that we should think about why states like West Virginia have relaxed anti-SLAPP laws.

The musical number was well-liked. *The A.V. Club* said that the episode was a demonstration in "why rich assholes really shouldn’t sue John Oliver". They also said that the musical number was "glorious" and "over-the-top".

*The Mary Sue* commented that Bob Murray's SLAPP suits create a "culture of fear in which Murray ends up able to succeed in his goal of stifling any criticism of him and his industrial operations". However, they also say that Murray "may have picked too big a fish" in John Oliver, adding that "Of course, this is John Oliver we’re talking about and 'culture of fear' is basically his Bat-Signal."

## References