June 12

## Events 
### Up to 1950 
* 1381 &ndash; Peasants' Revolt: In England, rebels arrive at Blackheath.
* 1418 &ndash; An insurrection delivers Paris to control of the Burgundians.
* 1429 &ndash; Battle of Jargeau: Joan of Arc leads the French army in the capture of the city and the English commander, William de la Pole, 1st Duke of Suffolk in the battle's second day.
* 1550 &ndash; Helsinki, present-day capital of Finland and then-part of Sweden, is founded by King Gustav I of Sweden.
* 1560 &ndash; Battle of Okehazama: Oda Nobunaga defeats Imagawa Yoshimoto.
* 1665 &ndash; England installs a municipal government in New York.
* 1758 &ndash; French and Indian War: Siege of Louisbourg – James Wolfe's attack on Louisbourg, Nova Scotia, begins.
* 1775 &ndash; American Revolution: British general Thomas Gage declares martial law in Massachusetts.
* 1776 &ndash; The Virginia Declaration of Rights is adopted in what would become the United States.
* 1860 &ndash; The State Bank of the Russian Empire is founded.
* 1864 &ndash; American Civil War: Battle of Cold Harbor – General Ulysses S. Grant pulls his Union troops from their positions, handing victory to Confederate General Robert E. Lee.
* 1872 &ndash; The Royal Mint (where money is made) opens in Melbourne.
* 1889 &ndash; The Armagh rail disaster occurs in present-day Northern Ireland, killing 78 people.
* 1897 &ndash; Carl Elsener patents a small pen knife, now called the Swiss army knife.
* 1898 &ndash; The republic of the Philippines declares independence from Spain.
* 1899 &ndash; United States: The New Richmond tornado kills 117 people.
* 1929 &ndash; Anne Frank is born in Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
* 1932 &ndash; Bayern Munich win the German football championship for the first time.
* 1939 &ndash; The Baseball Hall of Fame opens in Cooperstown, New York.
* 1939 &ndash; Shooting begins on Paramount Pictures' Dr. Cyclops, the first horror movie photographed in three-strip Technicolor.
* 1940 &ndash; World War II: 13,000 British and French troops surrender to Major General Erwin Rommel at Saint-Valery-en-Caux.
* 1942 &ndash; Anne Frank receives her diary for her 13th birthday.
* 1943 &ndash; Holocaust: Nazi Germany liquidates the Jewish Ghetto in what is now Berezhany, Ukraine. 1,800 Jews are led to the city's graveyard and shot.

### 1951 &ndash; 2000 
* 1962 &ndash; The Roraima National Park is created in the border area of Venezuela, Brazil and Guyana.
* 1963 &ndash; Civil Rights activist Medgar Evans is murdered in Jackson, Mississippi by Byron De La Beckwith.
* 1964 &ndash; Nelson Mandela is sentenced to life in prison.
* 1967 &ndash; The United States Supreme Court rules in the Loving v Virginia case that US State laws prohibiting interracial marriage are unconstitutional.
* 1967 &ndash; Venera programme: The Venera 4 space probe is launched to Venus.
* 1968 &ndash; Eddy Merckx wins the Tour de France for the first time.
* 1973 &ndash; Helmut Kohl is chosen as leader of the CDU, one of the main parties in the Federal Republic of Germany.
* 1975 &ndash; Indira Gandhi is found guilty of electoral corruption.
* 1978 &ndash; David Berkowitz is sentenced to 365 years in prison for the six Son of Sam murders in New York.
* 1987 &ndash; Ronald Reagan makes a speech at the Brandenburg Gate, calling for Mikhail Gorbachev to 'Tear down this wall!'
* 1987 &ndash; Jean-Bédel Bokassa, former self-declared Emperor of the present-day Central African Republic, is sentenced to death.
* 1990 &ndash; The parliament of Russia declares its sovereignty.
* 1991 &ndash; Boris Yeltsin is elected President of Russia.
* 1991 &ndash; The Sri Lankan Army massacres 152 Tamil civilians in the eastern Sri Lankan village of Kokkadichcholai.
* 1993 &ndash; Elections are held in Nigeria, but they later annulled by the military government under Ibrahim Babangida.
* 1994 &ndash; A referendum in Austria supports EU membership.
* 1994 &ndash; Ronald Goldman and Nicole Brown Simpson are murdered in Los Angeles. O. J. Simpson is later found not guilty of their murders.
* 1994 &ndash; The Boeing 777 makes its first flight.
* 1997 &ndash; Queen Elizabeth II reopens the Globe Theatre in London.
* 1999 &ndash; A NATO–led UN peacekeeping force enters Kosovo.
* 2000 &ndash; Sandro Rosa do Nascimento takes hostages while robbing a bus in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. It results in a stand-off in which do Nascimento and one of the hostages die.
* 2000 &ndash; In the Treaty of Jeddah, Yemen recognizes the determined border with Saudi Arabia.

### From 2001 
* 2004 &ndash; UEFA Euro 2004 in Portugal starts, as the Portugal national football team, hosting the tournament, loses 2-1 to the Greece national football team.
* 2009 &ndash; A Presidential Election is held in Iran. Mahmoud Ahmadinejad claims victory over Mir-Hossein Mousavi, in a disputed result. Soon after, protests begin in Tehran against his rule, following the controversial outcome of the election.
* 2013 &ndash; Jiroemon Kimura dies in Japan. At the age of 116 years, 53 days, he is recognized as the oldest man ever, and the last-surviving man to have been born in the 19th century.
* 2013 &ndash; The government of Greece shuts down the national broadcaster for a previously undetermined amount of time.
* 2014 &ndash; The 2014 FIFA World Cup in Brazil, the 20th edition of the tournament, begins. In the opening game, the Brazil national football team comes from behind to beat the Croatia national football team 3–1.
* 2015 &ndash; The first European Games begin in Baku, Azerbaijan, lasting until June 28.
* 2016 &ndash; 2016 Orlando nightclub shooting: Gunman Omar Mateen kills 49 people in a shooting at the Pulse nightclub in Orlando, Florida in the worst mass shooting in recent US history.
* 2016 &ndash; Pittsburgh Penguins win the Stanley Cup by beating the San Jose Sharks 3-1 and winning the series 4–2.
* 2018 &ndash; 2018 North Korea-United States summit takes place as US President Donald Trump and North Korean leader Kim Jong-un meet for talks in Singapore.
* 2018 &ndash; Politicians in the Republic of Macedonia reach an agreement with Greece in a dispute over its name.

## Births 
### Up to 1900 
* 950 &ndash; Emperor Reizei of Japan (d. 1011)
* 1107 &ndash; Emperor Gaozong of Song, of China (d. 1187)
* 1519 &ndash; Cosimo I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany (d. 1574)
* 1577 &ndash; Paul Guldin, Swiss mathematician and astronomer (d. 1643)
* 1771 &ndash; Patrick Gass, American sergeant in the Lewis and Clark expedition (d. 1870)
* 1777 &ndash; Robert Clark, American politician (d. 1837)
* 1795 &ndash; John Marston, American sailor (d. 1885)
* 1802 &ndash; Harriet Martineau, American journalist, political economist, abolitionist and feminist (d. 1876)
* 1806 &ndash; John A. Roebling, German-American architect (Brooklyn Bridge) (d. 1869)
* 1812 &ndash; Edmond Hébert, French geologist (d. 1890)
* 1819 &ndash; Charles Kingsley, English priest, historian and novelist (d. 1875)
* 1827 &ndash; Johanna Spyri, Swiss writer (d. 1901)
* 1831 &ndash; Robert Herbert, English-Australian politician, 1st Premier of Queensland (d. 1905)
* 1843 &ndash; David Gill, Scottish astronomer (d. 1914)
* 1851 &ndash; Oliver Lodge, English physicist (d. 1940)
* 1858 &ndash; Harry Hamilton Johnston, English polymath (d. 1927)
* 1858 &ndash; Henry Scott Tuke, English painter and photographer (d. 1929)
* 1872 &ndash; Emil Hacha, Czech politician (d. 1945)
* 1885 &ndash; Frank Ferera, Hawaiian musician (d. 1951)
* 1888 &ndash; Zygmunt Janiszewski, Polish mathematician (d. 1920)
* 1890 &ndash; Egon Schiele, Austrian painter (d. 1918)
* 1890 &ndash; Théophile Alajouanine, French psychiatrist (d. 1980)
* 1892 &ndash; Basil Rathbone, British actor (d. 1967)
* 1892 &ndash; Djuna Barnes, American writer (d. 1982)
* 1892 &ndash; Apostolos Grozos, Greek Communist politician (d. 1981)
* 1897 &ndash; Walter Peterhans, German photographer (d. 1960)
* 1897 &ndash; Anthony Eden, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1977)
* 1899 &ndash; Fritz Albert Lipmann, American biochemist (d. 1986)
* 1899 &ndash; Weegee, Ukrainian-American photographer (d. 1968)

### 1901 &ndash; 1950 
* 1901 &ndash; Clyde Geronimi, Italian-American animation director (d. 1989)
* 1902 &ndash; Hendrik Elias, Flemish politician (d. 1973)
* 1903 &ndash; Emmett Hardy, American musician (d. 1925)
* 1905 &ndash; Ray Barbuti, American sportsperson (d. 1988)
* 1906 &ndash; Sandro Penna, Italian poet (d. 1977)
* 1908 &ndash; Marina Semyonova, Russian ballerina (d. 2010)
* 1908 &ndash; Alphonse Ouimet, Canadian engineer and designer (d. 1988)
* 1908 &ndash; Otto Skorzeny, German SS officer (d. 1975)
* 1912 &ndash; Bill Cowley, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 1993)
* 1914 &ndash; Go Seigen, Japanese Go player (d. 2014)
* 1915 &ndash; David Rockefeller, American banker (d. 2017)
* 1915 &ndash; Priscilla Lane, American actress (d. 1995)
* 1916 &ndash; Raul Hector Castro, American politician, 14th Governor of Arizona (d. 2015)
* 1916 &ndash; Irwin Allen, American director and producer (d. 1991)
* 1917 &ndash; Gottfried Honegger, Swiss artist and graphic designer (d. 2016)
* 1918 &ndash; Samuel Z. Arkoff, American film producer (d. 2001)
* 1919 &ndash; Uta Hagen, German-American actress (d. 2004)
* 1919 &ndash; Ahmed Abdallah, President of the Comoros (d. 1989)
* 1921 &ndash; Luis Garcia Berlanga, Spanish movie director and screenwriter (d. 2010)
* 1922 &ndash; Günter Behnisch, German architect (d. 2010)
* 1922 &ndash; Margherita Hack, Italian astrophysicist (d. 2013)
* 1924 &ndash; George H. W. Bush, 41st President of the United States (d. 2018)
* 1926 &ndash; Amadeo Carrizo, Argentine footballer
* 1928 &ndash; Petros Molyviatis, Greek politician
* 1928 &ndash; Vic Damone, American singer-songwriter and actor (d. 2018)
* 1928 &ndash; Richard M. Sherman, American composer, songwriter and publisher
* 1929 &ndash; Anne Frank, German-Dutch diarist who died in the Holocaust (d. 1945)
* 1929 &ndash; Alberto De Martino, Italian movie director (d. 2015)
* 1929 &ndash; Brigid Brophy, British writer (d. 1995)
* 1929 &ndash; Jameel Jalibi, Pakistani writer and Urdu language scholar
* 1930 &ndash; Donald Byrne, American chess player (d. 1976)
* 1930 &ndash; Innes Ireland, British racing driver (d. 1993)
* 1932 &ndash; Mano Wolde, Ethiopian long-distance runner (d. 2002)
* 1933 &ndash; Eddie Adams, American photographer (d. 2004)
* 1937 &ndash; Vladimir Arnold, Russian mathematician (d. 2010)
* 1938 &ndash; Jean-Marie Doré, Prime Minister of Guinea (d. 2016)
* 1938 &ndash; Ian Partridge, English tenor
* 1941 &ndash; Chick Corea, American musician
* 1941 &ndash; Roy Harper, English singer-songwriter, guitarist, poet and actor
* 1941 &ndash; Reg Presley, English singer-songwriter (d. 2013)
* 1942 &ndash; Bert Sakmann, German physiologist
* 1945 &ndash; Pat Jennings, Northern Irish footballer
* 1946 &ndash; Michel Bergeron, Canadian ice hockey player
* 1946 &ndash; Salman Taseer, Pakistani politician (d. 2011)
* 1949 &ndash; Jens Boehrnsen, German politician, Mayor of Bremen and former acting President of Germany
* 1949 &ndash; John Wetton, English singer, bassist and guitarist (d. 2017)

### 1951 &ndash; 1975 
* 1951 &ndash; Andranik Margaryan, Armenian politician (d. 2007)
* 1951 &ndash; Bun E. Carlos, American drummer (Cheap Trick)
* 1951 &ndash; Brad Delp, American musician (d. 2007)
* 1952 &ndash; Pete Farndon, English musician (d. 1983)
* 1952 &ndash; Spencer Abraham, American politician
* 1953 &ndash; Rocky Burnett, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
* 1953 &ndash; Tess Gerritsen, Chinese-American novelist
* 1953 &ndash; David Thornton, American actor
* 1958 &ndash; Rebecca Holden, American actress and singer
* 1961 &ndash; Hannelore Kraft, German politician, Prime Minister of North Rhine-Westphalia
* 1965 &ndash; Vicky Vette, Norwegian-Canadian pornographic actress
* 1965 &ndash; Cathy Tyson, English actress
* 1965 &ndash; Gwen Torrence, American athlete
* 1967 &ndash; Aivar Kuusmaa, Estonian basketball player and coach
* 1968 &ndash; Manuel Blanc, French actor
* 1968 &ndash; Htay Kywe, Burmese activist
* 1969 &ndash; Heinz-Christian Strache, Austrian politician
* 1971 &ndash; Mark Henry, American professional wrestler
* 1972 &ndash; Sophie Lawrence, English actress, singer and director
* 1973 &ndash; Jason Caffey, American basketball player and coach
* 1973 &ndash; Takis Fyssas, Greek footballer
* 1973 &ndash; Darryl White, Australian footballer
* 1974 &ndash; Hideki Matsui, Japanese baseball player
* 1974 &ndash; Jason Mewes, American actor

### From 1976 
* 1976 &ndash; Thomas Sorensen, Danish footballer
* 1976 &ndash; Antawn Jamison, American basketball player
* 1977 &ndash; Richard Ayoade, English actor, director and screenwriter
* 1977 &ndash; Kenny Wayne Shepherd, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
* 1978 &ndash; Lewis Moody, English rugby player
* 1978 &ndash; Yumiko Shaku, Japanese actress and model
* 1978 &ndash; Shiloh Strong, American actor, screenwriter, photographer and director
* 1979 &ndash; Diego Milito, Argentine footballer
* 1979 &ndash; Robyn, Swedish singer
* 1980 &ndash; Marco Bortolami, Italian rugby player
* 1980 &ndash; Diem Brown, American television personality (d. 2014)
* 1980 &ndash; Walter Erviti, Argentine footballer
* 1981 &ndash; Adriana Lima, Brazilian model
* 1981 &ndash; Nora Tschirner, German television presenter
* 1982 &ndash; Jason David, American football player
* 1983 &ndash; Bryan Habana, South African rugby player
* 1983 &ndash; Christine Sinclair, Canadian soccer player
* 1985 &ndash; Blake Ross, American software developer
* 1985 &ndash; Colin Doyle, Irish footballer
* 1985 &ndash; Dave Franco, American actor
* 1985 &ndash; Kendra Wilkinson, American model, actress and author
* 1986 &ndash; Sergio Rodriguez, Spanish basketball player
* 1986 &ndash; Stanislava Komarova, Russian swimmer
* 1986 &ndash; Mario Casas, Spanish actor
* 1987 &ndash; Abbey Lee Kershaw, Australian model
* 1987 &ndash; Antonio Barragan, Spanish footballer
* 1988 &ndash; Eren Derdiyok, Swiss footballer
* 1988 &ndash; Mauricio Isla, Chilean footballer
* 1989 &ndash; Laura Kirkpatrick, American model
* 1990 &ndash; Jrue Holiday, American basketball player
* 1992 &ndash; Allie DiMeco, American actress and musician
* 1992 &ndash; Laura Jones, English gymnast
* 1992 &ndash; Philippe Coutinho, Brazilian footballer
* 1996 &ndash; Anna Margaret, American singer, songwriter and actress

## Deaths 
### Up to 1950 
* 816 &ndash; Pope Leo III (b. 750)
* 1020 &ndash; Lyfing, Archbishop of Canterbury
* 1560 &ndash; Imawaga Yoshimoto, Japanese daimyo (b. 1519)
* 1560 &ndash; Ii Naomori, Japanese warrior (b. 1506)
* 1574 &ndash; Princess Renée of France (b. 1510)
* 1675 &ndash; Charles Emmanuel II, Duke of Savoy (b. 1634)
* 1758 &ndash; Augustus William, Prince of Prussia (b. 1722)
* 1772 &ndash; Marc-Joseph Marion de Fresne, French explorer (b. 1724)
* 1778 &ndash; Philip Livingston, American merchant and statesman (b. 1716)
* 1816 &ndash; Pierre Augereau, French marshal (b. 1757)
* 1818 &ndash; Egwale Seyon of Ethiopia
* 1841 &ndash; Konstantinos Nikolopoulos, Greek composer, archaeologist and philologist (b. 1786)
* 1878 &ndash; George V of Hanover (b. 1819)
* 1900 &ndash; Lucretia Peabody Hale, American journalist and author (b. 1820)
* 1904 &ndash; Camille of Renesse-Breidbach, Belgian nobleman, entrepreneur and author (b. 1836)
* 1912 &ndash; Frédéric Passy, French Nobel Peace Prize winner (b. 1822)
* 1917 &ndash; Teresa Carreno, Venezuelan singer, pianist, composer and conductor (b. 1853)
* 1929 &ndash; Marie Henri Andoyer, French astronomer and mathematician (b. 1862)
* 1932 &ndash; Theo Heemskerk, Prime Minister of the Netherlands (b. 1852)
* 1937 &ndash; Mikhail Tukhachevsky, Marshal of the Soviet Union (b. 1893)

### 1951 &ndash; 2000 
* 1952 &ndash; Michael von Faulhaber, German cardinal (b. 1869)
* 1957 &ndash; Jimmy Dorsey, American musician (b. 1904)
* 1962 &ndash; John Ireland, English composer (b. 1879)
* 1963 &ndash; Medgar Evans, American Civil Rights activist (b. 1925)
* 1964 &ndash; Walter Seifert, German retired World War II veteran, ran amok in a Cologne school (b. 1922)
* 1966 &ndash; Hermann Scherchen, German composer and conductor (b. 1891)
* 1969 &ndash; Percival Proctor, Governor of Maine (b. 1876)
* 1976 &ndash; Gopinath Kaviraj, Indian philosopher and scholar (b. 1887)
* 1978 &ndash; Guo Moruo, Chinese historian, author and poet (b. 1892)
* 1978 &ndash; Georg Simenson, Estonian footballer (b. 1912)
* 1980 &ndash; Billy Butlin, British holiday entrepreneur (b. 1899)
* 1980 &ndash; Masayoshi Ohira, Prime Minister of Japan (b. 1910)
* 1982 &ndash; Karl von Frisch, Austrian zoologist (b. 1886)
* 1983 &ndash; Norma Shearer, Canadian-American actress (b. 1902)
* 1987 &ndash; Paul Janes, German footballer (b. 1912)
* 1990 &ndash; Terence O'Neill, Baron O'Neill, Northern Irish politician (b. 1914)
* 1994 &ndash; Ronald Goldman, American waiter and murder victim (b. 1968)
* 1994 &ndash; Nicole Brown Simpson, American murder victim (b. 1959)
* 1997 &ndash; Bulat Okudzhava, Russian singer-songwriter, musician and author (b. 1924)
* 2000 &ndash; Sandro Rosa do Nascimento, Brazilian hostage taker (b. 1978)
* 2000 &ndash; Purushottam Laxman Deshpande, Indian actor, director, producer and author (b. 1919)

### From 2001 
* 2003 &ndash; Gregory Peck, American actor (b. 1916)
* 2006 &ndash; Gyorgy Ligeti, Hungarian composer (b. 1923)
* 2006 &ndash; Nijiro Tukuda, Japanese supercentenarian (b. 1895)
* 2007 &ndash; Guy de Rothschild, French banker (b. 1909)
* 2009 &ndash; Félix Malloum, President of Chad (b. 1932)
* 2012 &ndash; Elinor Ostrom, American economist (b. 1933)
* 2012 &ndash; Henry Hill, American convict (b. 1943)
* 2013 &ndash; Jiroemon Kimura, Japanese supercentenarian, oldest-recorded man ever (b. 1897)
* 2014 &ndash; Frank Schirrmacher, German journalist (b. 1959)
* 2014 &ndash; Carla Laemmle, American actress (b. 1909)
* 2014 &ndash; Jimmy Scott, American jazz musician (b. 1925)
* 2014 &ndash; Khagen Mahanta, Indian folk singer (b. 1942)
* 2014 &ndash; Joe Pittman, American baseball player (b. 1954)
* 2015 &ndash; Monica Lewis, American actress (b. 1922)
* 2015 &ndash; Fernando Brant, Brazilian poet and composer (b. 1946)
* 2016 &ndash; Omar Mateen, American gunman, perpetrator of the 2016 Orlando nightclub shooting (b. 1986)
* 2016 &ndash; Donald Carr, English cricketer (b. 1926)
* 2016 &ndash; Vladimir Dolgopolov, Russian footballer (b. 1961)
* 2016 &ndash; Alfonso Portugal, Mexican footballer (b. 1934)
* 2016 &ndash; George Voinovich, American politician, former Governor of Ohio (b. 1936)
* 2016 &ndash; Janet Waldo, American actress (b. 1920)
* 2017 &ndash; C. Narayana Reddy, Indian screenwriter, composer and poet (b. 1931)
* 2017 &ndash; Charles P. Thacker, American computer designer (b. 1943)

## Observances 
* Independence Day (the Philippines)
* Loving Day (United States)
* Russia Day
* World Day Against Child Labour
* Chaco Armistice Day (Paraguay)
* Dia dos Namorados (Brazil)
* Helsinki Day
* Democracy Day (Nigeria)

## Events 
### Up to 1950 
* 1381 &ndash; Peasants' Revolt: In England, rebels arrive at Blackheath.
* 1418 &ndash; An Insurrection delivers Paris to control of the Burgundians.
* 1429 &ndash; Battle of Jargeau: Joan of Arc leads the French army in the capture of the city and the English commander, William de la Pole, 1st Duke of Suffolk in the battle's second day.
* 1550 &ndash; Helsinki, present-day capital of Finland and then-part of Sweden, is founded by King Gustav I of Sweden.
* 1560 &ndash; Battle of Okehazama: Oda Nobunaga defeats Imagawa Yoshimoto.
* 1665 &ndash; England installs a municipal government in New York.
* 1758 &ndash; French and Indian War: Siege of Louisbourg – James Wolfe's attack on Louisbourg, Nova Scotia, begins.
* 1775 &ndash; American Revolution: British general Thomas Gage declares martial law in Massachusetts.
* 1776 &ndash; The Virginia Declaration of Rights is adopted in what would become the United States.
* 1860 &ndash; The State Bank of the Russian Empire is founded.
* 1864 &ndash; American Civil War: Battle of Cold Harbor – General Ulysses S. Grant pulls his Union troops from their positions, handing victory to Confederate General Robert E. Lee.
* 1872 &ndash; The Royal Mint (where money is made) opens in Melbourne.
* 1889 &ndash; The Armagh rail disaster occurs in present-day Northern Ireland, killing 78 people.
* 1897 &ndash; Carl Elsener patents a small pen knife, now called the Swiss army knife.
* 1898 &ndash; The republic of the Philippines declares independence from Spain.
* 1899 &ndash; United States: The New Richmond tornado kills 117 people.
* 1929 &ndash; Anne Frank is born in Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
* 1932 &ndash; Bayern Munich win the German football championship for the first time.
* 1939 &ndash; The Baseball Hall of Fame opens in Cooperstown, New York.
* 1939 &ndash; Shooting begins on Paramount Pictures' Dr. Cyclops, the first horror movie photographed in three-strip Technicolor.
* 1940 &ndash; World War II: 13,000 British and French troops surrender to Major General Erwin Rommel at Saint-Valery-en-Caux.
* 1942 &ndash; Anne Frank receives her diary for her 13th birthday.
* 1943 &ndash; Holocaust: Nazi Germany liquidates the Jewish Ghetto in what is now Berezhany, Ukraine. 1,800 Jews are led to the city's graveyard and shot.

### 1951 &ndash; 2000 
* 1962 &ndash; The Roraima National Park is created in the border area of Venezuela, Brazil and Guyana.
* 1963 &ndash; Civil Rights activist Medgar Evans is murdered in Jackson, Mississippi by Byron De La Beckwith.
* 1964 &ndash; Nelson Mandela is sentenced to life in prison.
* 1967 &ndash; The United States Supreme Court rules in the Loving v Virginia case that US State laws prohibiting interracial marriage are unconstitutional.
* 1967 &ndash; Venera programme: The Venera 4 space probe is launched to Venus.
* 1968 &ndash; Eddy Merckx wins the Tour de France for the first time.
* 1973 &ndash; Helmut Kohl is chosen as leader of the CDU, one of the main parties in the Federal Republic of Germany.
* 1975 &ndash; Indira Gandhi is found guilty of electoral corruption.
* 1978 &ndash; David Berkowitz is sentenced to 365 years in prison for the six Son of Sam murders in New York.
* 1987 &ndash; Ronald Reagan makes a speech at the Brandenburg Gate, calling for Mikhail Gorbachev to 'Tear down this wall!'
* 1987 &ndash; Jean-Bédel Bokassa, former self-declared Emperor of the present-day Central African Republic, is sentenced to death.
* 1990 &ndash; The parliament of Russia declares its sovereignty.
* 1991 &ndash; Boris Yeltsin is elected President of Russia.
* 1991 &ndash; The Sri Lankan Army massacres  152 Tamil civilians in the eastern Sri Lankan village of Kokkadichcholai.
* 1993 &ndash; Elections are held in Nigeria, but they later annulled by the military government under Ibrahim Babangida.
* 1994 &ndash; A referendum in Austria supports EU membership.
* 1994 &ndash; Ronald Goldman and Nicole Brown Simpson are murdered in Los Angeles. O. J. Simpson is later found not guilty of their murders.
* 1994 &ndash; The Boeing 777 makes its first flight.
* 1997 &ndash; Queen Elizabeth II reopens the Globe Theatre in London.
* 1999 &ndash; A NATO–led UN peacekeeping force enters Kosovo.
* 2000 &ndash; Sandro Rosa do Nascimento takes hostages while robbing a bus in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. It results in a stand-off in which do Nascimento and one of the hostages die.
* 2000 &ndash; In the Treaty of Jeddah, Yemen recognizes the determined border with Saudi Arabia.

### From 2001 
* 2004 &ndash; UEFA Euro 2004 in Portugal starts, as the Portugal national football team, hosting the tournament, loses 2-1 to the Greece national football team.
* 2009 &ndash; A Presidential Election is held in Iran. Mahmoud Ahmadinejad claims victory over Mir-Hossein Mousavi, in a disputed result. Soon after, protests begin in Tehran against his rule, following the controversial outcome of the election.
* 2013 &ndash; Jiroemon Kimura dies in Japan. At the age of 116 years, 53 days, he is recognized as the oldest man ever, and the last-surviving man to have been born in the 19th century.
* 2013 &ndash; The government of Greece shuts down the national broadcaster for a previously undetermined amount of time.
* 2014 &ndash; The 2014 FIFA World Cup in Brazil, the 20th edition of the tournament, begins. In the opening game, the Brazil national football team comes from behind to beat the Croatia national football team 3–1.
* 2015 &ndash; The first European Games begin in Baku, Azerbaijan, lasting until June 28.
* 2016 &ndash; 2016 Orlando nightclub shooting: Gunman Omar Mateen kills 49 people in a shooting at the Pulse nightclub in Orlando, Florida in the worst mass shooting in recent US history.
* 2016 &ndash; Pittsburgh Penguins win the Stanley Cup by beating the San Jose Sharks 3-1 and winning the series 4–2.

## Births 
### Up to 1900 
* 950 &ndash; Emperor Reizei of Japan (d. 1011)
* 1107 &ndash; Emperor Gaozong of Song, of China (d. 1187)
* 1519 &ndash; Cosimo I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany (d. 1574)
* 1577 &ndash; Paul Guldin, Swiss mathematician and astronomer (d. 1643)
* 1771 &ndash; Patrick Gass, American sergeant in the Lewis and Clark expedition (d. 1870)
* 1777 &ndash; Robert Clark, American politician (d. 1837)
* 1795 &ndash; John Marston, American sailor (d. 1885)
* 1802 &ndash; Harriet Martineau, American journalist, political economist, abolitionist and feminist (d. 1876)
* 1806 &ndash; John A. Roebling, German-American architect (Brooklyn Bridge) (d. 1869)
* 1812 &ndash; Edmond Hébert, French geologist (d. 1890)
* 1819 &ndash; Charles Kingsley, English priest, historian and novelist (d. 1875)
* 1827 &ndash; Johanna Spyri, Swiss writer (d. 1901)
* 1831 &ndash; Robert Herbert, English-Australian politician, 1st Premier of Queensland (d. 1905)
* 1843 &ndash; David Gill, Scottish astronomer (d. 1914)
* 1851 &ndash; Oliver Lodge, English physicist (d. 1940)
* 1858 &ndash; Harry Hamilton Johnston, English polymath (d. 1927)
* 1858 &ndash; Henry Scott Tuke, English painter and photographer (d. 1929)
* 1872 &ndash; Emil Hacha, Czech politician (d. 1945)
* 1885 &ndash; Frank Ferera, Hawaiian musician (d. 1951)
* 1888 &ndash; Zygmunt Janiszewski, Polish mathematician (d. 1920)
* 1890 &ndash; Egon Schiele, Austrian painter (d. 1918)
* 1890 &ndash; Théophile Alajouanine, French psychiatrist (d. 1980) 
* 1892 &ndash; Basil Rathbone, British actor (d. 1967)
* 1892 &ndash; Djuna Barnes, American writer (d. 1982)
* 1892 &ndash; Apostolos Grozos, Greek Communist politician (d. 1981)
* 1897 &ndash; Walter Peterhans, German photographer (d. 1960)
* 1897 &ndash; Anthony Eden, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1977)
* 1899 &ndash; Fritz Albert Lipmann, American biochemist (d. 1986)
* 1899 &ndash; Weegee, Ukrainian-American photographer (d. 1968)

### 1901 &ndash; 1950 
* 1901 &ndash; Clyde Geronimi, Italian-American animation director (d. 1989)
* 1902 &ndash; Hendrik Elias, Flemish politician (d. 1973)
* 1903 &ndash; Emmett Hardy, American musician (d. 1925)
* 1905 &ndash; Ray Barbuti, American sportsperson (d. 1988)
* 1906 &ndash; Sandro Penna, Italian poet (d. 1977)
* 1908 &ndash; Marina Semyonova, Russian ballerina (d. 2010)
* 1908 &ndash; Alphonse Ouimet, Canadian engineer and designer (d. 1988)
* 1908 &ndash; Otto Skorzeny, German SS officer (d. 1975)
* 1912 &ndash; Bill Cowley, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 1993)
* 1914 &ndash; Go Seigen, Japanese Go player (d. 2014)
* 1915 &ndash; David Rockefeller, American banker (d. 2017)
* 1915 &ndash; Priscilla Lane, American actress (d. 1995)
* 1916 &ndash; Raul Hector Castro, American politician, 14th Governor of Arizona (d. 2015)
* 1916 &ndash; Irwin Allen, American director and producer (d. 1991)
* 1917 &ndash; Gottfried Honegger, Swiss artist and graphic designer (d. 2016)
* 1918 &ndash; Samuel Z. Arkoff, American film producer (d. 2001)
* 1919 &ndash; Uta Hagen, German-American actress (d. 2004)
* 1919 &ndash; Ahmed Abdallah, President of the Comoros (d. 1989)
* 1921 &ndash; Luis Garcia Berlanga, Spanish movie director and screenwriter (d. 2010)
* 1922 &ndash; Günter Behnisch, German architect (d. 2010)
* 1922 &ndash; Margherita Hack, Italian astrophysicist (d. 2013)
* 1924 &ndash; George H. W. Bush, 41st President of the United States
* 1926 &ndash; Amadeo Carrizo, Argentine footballer
* 1928 &ndash; Petros Molyviatis, Greek politician
* 1928 &ndash; Vic Damone, American singer-songwriter and actor
* 1928 &ndash; Richard M. Sherman, American composer, songwriter and publisher
* 1929 &ndash; Anne Frank, German-Dutch diarist who died in the Holocaust (d. 1945)
* 1929 &ndash; Alberto De Martino, Italian movie director (d. 2015)
* 1929 &ndash; Brigid Brophy, British writer (d. 1995)
* 1929 &ndash; Jameel Jalibi, Pakistani writer and Urdu language scholar
* 1930 &ndash; Donald Byrne, American chess player (d. 1976)
* 1930 &ndash; Innes Ireland, British racing driver (d. 1993)
* 1932 &ndash; Mano Wolde, Ethiopian long-distance runner (d. 2002)
* 1933 &ndash; Eddie Adams, American photographer (d. 2004)
* 1937 &ndash; Vladimir Arnold, Russian mathematician (d. 2010)
* 1938 &ndash; Jean-Marie Doré, Prime Minister of Guinea (d. 2016)
* 1938 &ndash; Ian Partridge, English tenor 
* 1941 &ndash; Chick Corea, American musician
* 1941 &ndash; Roy Harper, English singer-songwriter, guitarist, poet and actor
* 1941 &ndash; Reg Presley, English singer-songwriter (d. 2013)
* 1942 &ndash; Bert Sakmann, German physiologist
* 1945 &ndash; Pat Jennings, Northern Irish footballer
* 1946 &ndash; Michel Bergeron, Canadian ice hockey player
* 1946 &ndash; Salman Taseer, Pakistani politician (d. 2011)
* 1949 &ndash; Jens Boehrnsen, German politician, Mayor of Bremen and former acting President of Germany
* 1949 &ndash; John Wetton, English singer, bassist and guitarist (d. 2017)

### 1951 &ndash; 1975 
* 1951 &ndash; Andranik Margaryan, Armenian politician (d. 2007)
* 1951 &ndash; Brad Delp, American musician (d. 2007)
* 1952 &ndash; Pete Farndon, English musician (d. 1983)
* 1952 &ndash; Spencer Abraham, American politician
* 1953 &ndash; Rocky Burnett, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
* 1953 &ndash; Tess Gerritsen, Chinese-American novelist
* 1953 &ndash; David Thornton, American actor
* 1958 &ndash; Rebecca Holden, American actress and singer
* 1961 &ndash; Hannelore Kraft, German politician, Prime Minister of North Rhine-Westphalia
* 1965 &ndash; Vicky Vette, Norwegian-Canadian pornographic actress
* 1965 &ndash; Cathy Tyson, English actress
* 1965 &ndash; Gwen Torrence, American athlete
* 1967 &ndash; Aivar Kuusmaa, Estonian basketball player and coach
* 1968 &ndash; Manuel Blanc, French actor
* 1968 &ndash; Htay Kywe, Burmese activist
* 1969 &ndash; Heinz-Christian Strache, Austrian politician
* 1971 &ndash; Mark Henry, American professional wrestler
* 1972 &ndash; Sophie Lawrence, English actress, singer and director
* 1973 &ndash; Jason Caffey, American basketball player and coach
* 1973 &ndash; Takis Fyssas, Greek footballer
* 1973 &ndash; Darryl White, Australian footballer
* 1974 &ndash; Hideki Matsui, Japanese baseball player
* 1974 &ndash; Jason Mewes, American actor

### From 1976 
* 1976 &ndash; Thomas Sorensen, Danish footballer
* 1976 &ndash; Antawn Jamison, American basketball player
* 1977 &ndash; Richard Ayoade, English actor, director and screenwriter
* 1977 &ndash; Kenny Wayne Shepherd, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
* 1978 &ndash; Lewis Moody, English rugby player
* 1978 &ndash; Yumiko Shaku, Japanese actress and model
* 1978 &ndash; Shiloh Strong, American actor, screenwriter, photographer and director
* 1979 &ndash; Diego Milito, Argentine footballer
* 1979 &ndash; Robyn, Swedish singer
* 1980 &ndash; Marco Bortolami, Italian rugby player
* 1980 &ndash; Diem Brown, American television personality (d. 2014)
* 1980 &ndash; Walter Erviti, Argentine footballer
* 1981 &ndash; Adriana Lima, Brazilian model
* 1981 &ndash; Nora Tschirner, German television presenter
* 1982 &ndash; Jason David, American football player
* 1983 &ndash; Bryan Habana, South African rugby player
* 1983 &ndash; Christine Sinclair, Canadian soccer player
* 1985 &ndash; Blake Ross, American software developer
* 1985 &ndash; Colin Doyle, Irish footballer
* 1985 &ndash; Dave Franco, American actor
* 1985 &ndash; Kendra Wilkinson, American model, actress and author
* 1986 &ndash; Sergio Rodriguez, Spanish basketball player
* 1986 &ndash; Stanislava Komarova, Russian swimmer
* 1986 &ndash; Mario Casas, Spanish actor
* 1987 &ndash; Abbey Lee Kershaw, Australian model
* 1987 &ndash; Antonio Barragan, Spanish footballer
* 1988 &ndash; Eren Derdiyok, Swiss footballer
* 1988 &ndash; Mauricio Isla, Chilean footballer
* 1989 &ndash; Laura Kirkpatrick, American model
* 1990 &ndash; Jrue Holiday, American basketball player
* 1992 &ndash; Allie DiMeco, American actress and musician
* 1992 &ndash; Laura Jones, English gymnast
* 1992 &ndash; Philippe Coutinho, Brazilian footballer
* 1996 &ndash; Anna Margaret, American singer, songwriter and actress

## Deaths 
### Up to 1950 
* 816 &ndash; Pope Leo III (b. 750)
* 1020 &ndash; Lyfing, Archbishop of Canterbury
* 1560 &ndash; Imawaga Yoshimoto, Japanese daimyo (b. 1519)
* 1560 &ndash; Ii Naomori, Japanese warrior (b. 1506)
* 1574 &ndash; Princess Renee of France (b. 1510)
* 1675 &ndash; Charles Emmanuel II, Duke of Savoy (b. 1634)
* 1758 &ndash; Augustus William, Prince of Prussia (b. 1722)
* 1772 &ndash; Marc-Joseph Marion de Fresne, French explorer (b. 1724)
* 1778 &ndash; Philip Livingston, American merchant and statesman (b. 1716)
* 1816 &ndash; Pierre Augereau, French marshal (b. 1757)
* 1818 &ndash; Egwale Seyon of Ethiopia
* 1841 &ndash; Konstantinos Nikolopoulos, Greek composer, archaeologist and philologist (b. 1786)
* 1878 &ndash; George V of Hanover (b. 1819)
* 1900 &ndash; Lucretia Peabody Hale, American journalist and author (b. 1820)
* 1904 &ndash; Camille of Renesse-Breidbach, Belgian nobleman, entrepreneur and author (b. 1836)
* 1912 &ndash; Frédéric Passy, French Nobel Peace Prize winner (b. 1822)
* 1917 &ndash; Teresa Carreno, Venezuelan singer, pianist, composer and conductor (b. 1853)
* 1929 &ndash; Marie Henri Andoyer, French astronomer and mathematician (b. 1862)
* 1932 &ndash; Theo Heemskerk, Prime Minister of the Netherlands (b. 1852)
* 1937 &ndash; Mikhail Tukhachevsky, Marshal of the Soviet Union (b. 1893)

### 1951 &ndash; 2000 
* 1952 &ndash; Michael von Faulhaber, German cardinal (b. 1869)
* 1957 &ndash; Jimmy Dorsey, American musician (b. 1904)
* 1962 &ndash; John Ireland, English composer (b. 1879)
* 1963 &ndash; Medgar Evans, American Civil Rights activist (b. 1925)
* 1964 &ndash; Walter Seifert, German retired World War II veteran, ran amok in a Cologne school (b. 1922)
* 1966 &ndash; Hermann Scherchen, German composer and conductor (b. 1891)
* 1969 &ndash; Percival Proctor, Governor of Maine (b. 1876)
* 1976 &ndash; Gopinath Kaviraj, Indian philosopher and scholar (b. 1887)
* 1978 &ndash; Guo Moruo, Chinese historian, author and poet (b. 1892)
* 1978 &ndash; Georg Simenson, Estonian footballer (b. 1912)
* 1980 &ndash; Billy Butlin, British holiday entrepreneur (b. 1899)
* 1980 &ndash; Masayoshi Ohira, Prime Minister of Japan (b. 1910)
* 1982 &ndash; Karl von Frisch, Austrian zoologist (b. 1886)
* 1983 &ndash; Norma Shearer, Canadian-American actress (b. 1902)
* 1987 &ndash; Paul Janes, German footballer (b. 1912)
* 1990 &ndash; Terence O'Neill, Baron O'Neill, Northern Irish politician (b. 1914)
* 1994 &ndash; Ronald Goldman, American waiter and murder victim (b. 1968)
* 1994 &ndash; Nicole Brown Simpson, American murder victim (b. 1959)
* 1997 &ndash; Bulat Okudzhava, Russian singer-songwriter, musician and author (b. 1924)
* 2000 &ndash; Sandro Rosa do Nascimento, Brazilian hostage taker (b. 1978)
* 2000 &ndash; Purushottam Laxman Deshpande, Indian actor, director, producer and author (b. 1919)

### From 2001 
* 2003 &ndash; Gregory Peck, American actor (b. 1916)
* 2006 &ndash; Gyorgy Ligeti, Hungarian composer (b. 1923)
* 2006 &ndash; Nijiro Tukuda, Japanese supercentenarian (b. 1895)
* 2007 &ndash; Guy de Rothschild, French banker (b. 1909)
* 2009 &ndash; Félix Malloum, President of Chad (b. 1932)
* 2012 &ndash; Elinor Ostrom, American economist (b. 1933)
* 2012 &ndash; Henry Hill, American convict (b. 1943)
* 2013 &ndash; Jiroemon Kimura, Japanese supercentenarian, oldest-recorded man ever (b. 1897)
* 2014 &ndash; Frank Schirrmacher, German journalist (b. 1959)
* 2014 &ndash; Carla Laemmle, American actress (b. 1909)
* 2014 &ndash; Jimmy Scott, American jazz musician (b. 1925)
* 2014 &ndash; Khagen Mahanta, Indian folk singer (b. 1942)
* 2014 &ndash; Joe Pittman, American baseball player (b. 1954)
* 2015 &ndash; Monica Lewis, American actress (b. 1922)
* 2015 &ndash; Fernando Brant, Brazilian poet and composer (b. 1946)
* 2016 &ndash; Omar Mateen, American gunman, perpetrator of the 2016 Orlando nightclub shooting (b. 1986)
* 2016 &ndash; Donald Carr, English cricketer (b. 1926)
* 2016 &ndash; Vladimir Dolgopolov, Russian footballer (b. 1961)
* 2016 &ndash; Alfonso Portugal, Mexican footballer (b. 1934)
* 2016 &ndash; George Voinovich, American politician, former Governor of Ohio (b. 1936)
* 2016 &ndash; Janet Waldo, American actress (b. 1920)
* 2017 &ndash; C. Narayana Reddy, Indian screenwriter, composer and poet (b. 1931)
* 2017 &ndash; Charles P. Thacker, American computer designer (b. 1943)

## Observances 
* Independence Day (the Philippines)
* Loving Day (United States)
* Russia Day
* World Day Against Child Labour
* Chaco Armistice Day (Paraguay)
* Dia dos Namorados (Brazil)
* Helsinki Day