November 17

## Events 
### Up to 1900 
* 474 &ndash; Zeno becomes Emperor of the Byzantine Empire.
* 794 &ndash; Emperor Kammu of Japan changes his residence from Nara to Kyoto.
* 1183 &ndash; Battle of Mizushima in Japan.
* 1292 &ndash; John Balliol becomes King of Scotland.
* 1511 &ndash; Spain and England ally against France.
* 1558 &ndash; Elizabeth I becomes Queen of England.
* 1603 &ndash; English politician and explorer Walter Raleigh is put on trial.
* 1659 &ndash; The Treaty of the Pyrenees is signed by France and Spain.
* 1777 &ndash; US Articles of Confederation are submitted to the states for ratification.
* 1796 &ndash; French Revolutionary Wars: Battle of the Bridge of Arcole – French forces defeat the Austrians in Italy.
* 1800 &ndash; The United States Capitol building in Washington, DC holds its first session of the U.S. Congress.
* 1810 &ndash; Sweden declares war on the United Kingdom, though no fighting takes place.
* 1811 &ndash; José Miguel Carrera is sworn in as President of the Executive Junta of the government of Chile.
* 1820 &ndash; Captain Nathaniel Palmer becomes the first American to see Antarctica.
* 1831 &ndash; Ecuador and Venezuela are separated from Greater Colombia.
* 1839 &ndash; Oberto, Giuseppe Verdi's first opera, opens at the Teatro alla Scala in Milan.
* 1863 &ndash; American Civil War: The Siege of Knoxville begins. Confederate forces under James Longstreet place Knoxville, Tennessee under siege.
* 1869 &ndash; In Egypt, the Suez Canal, linking the Mediterranean Sea with the Red Sea, is inaugurated in an elaborate ceremony.
* 1871 &ndash; The National Rifle Association of America is given a charter by the state of New York.
* 1874 &ndash; British sailing ship *Cospatrick* catches fire in the South Atlantic Ocean and sinks, killing 467 people.
* 1876 &ndash; Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky's "Slavonic March" is performed for the first time, in Moscow.
* 1878 &ndash; An assassination attempt is made on King Umberto I of Italy by anarchist Giovanni Passannante.

### 1901 &ndash; 2000 
* 1903 &ndash; The Russian Social Democratic Party splits into the Bolsheviks and Mensheviks.
* 1915 &ndash; Morocco starts using its current flag.
* 1919 &ndash; King George V of the United Kingdom proclaims Armistice Day (later Remembrance Day). The idea was first suggested by Edward George Honey.
* 1922 &ndash; Former Sultan of the Ottoman Empire, Mehmed VI, goes into exile in Italy.
* 1933 &ndash; The United States recognizes the Soviet Union.
* 1939 &ndash; Nine Czech students are executed as a response to Anti–Nazi protests after the death of Jan Opletal. All Czech universities are shut down and over 1,200 students are sent to concentration camps.
* 1947 &ndash; The Screen Actors Guild implements an Anti–Communist loyalty oath.
* 1947 &ndash; American scientists John Bardeen and Walter Houser Brattain observe the basic principles of the transistor.
* 1950 &ndash; Lhamo Dondrub is officially named Tenzin Gyatso, 14th Dalai Lama.
* 1953 &ndash; The last people to have lived in the Blasket Islands, County Kerry, Ireland, are evacuated from their homes.
* 1953 &ndash; The Minquiers and Ecrehos case ends with the International Court of Justice giving Minquiers and Écréhous to Jersey.
* 1954 &ndash; Colonel Gamal Abdel Nasser becomes President of Egypt.
* 1962 &ndash; John F. Kennedy dedicates Washington Dulles International Airport, serving the Washington, DC region.
* 1968 &ndash; Alexandros Panagoulis is condemned to death for attempting to kill Greek dictator George Papadopoulos.
* 1969 &ndash; Soviet and US negotiators meet in Helsinki to begin talks on limiting the number of strategic weapons on both sides.
* 1970 &ndash; Vietnam War: Lieutenant William Calley goes on trial for the My Lai massacre.
* 1970 &ndash; Soviet Luna programme: The Soviet Union launches the "Lunokhod 1" probe to the Moon, released by the Luna 17 aircraft.
* 1973 &ndash; The Athens Polytechnic Uprising against the Greek military regime ends in bloodshed.
* 1973 &ndash; Watergate scandal: In Orlando, Florida, US President Richard Nixon tells 400 Associated Press managing editors "I am not a crook".
* 1982 &ndash; Duk Koo Kim, a South Korean boxer, dies as a result from injuries he suffered in a Las Vegas boxing match against Ray Mancini.
* 1983 &ndash; The Zapatista Army of National Liberation is founded in Mexico.
* 1989 &ndash; The Velvet Revolution begins in Czechoslovakia against the government of Ladislav Adamec. It is part of the Fall of the Iron Curtain, and leads to Vaclav Havel becoming President on December 29.
* 1990 &ndash; Fugnendake, part of the Mount Unzen volcano in Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan, erupts.
* 1993 &ndash; The United States House of Representatives approves the North American Free Trade Agreement.
* 1993 &ndash; In Nigeria, Sani Abacha comes to power through a military coup against the government of Ernest Shonekon.
* 1997 &ndash; 62 people are killed by Islamic militants in Luxor, Egypt.
* 2000 &ndash; A landslide occurs at Log pog Mangartom, Slovenia, killing 7 people.
* 2000 &ndash; Alberto Fujimori is removed from office as President of Peru.

### From 2001 
* 2003 &ndash; Arnold Schwarzenegger becomes Governor of California.
* 2012 &ndash; Over 50 schoolchildren are killed in an accident at a railway crossing near Malafut, Egypt.
* 2013 &ndash; Tatarstan Airlines Flight 363 crashes at the airport in Kazan, Russia, killing 50 people.
* 2018 &ndash; Ibrahim Mohamed Solih becomes President of the Maldives.

## Births 
### Up to 1900 
* 9 &ndash; Vespasian, Roman Emperor (d. 79)
* 1293 &ndash; King Philip V of France (d. 1322)
* 1502 &ndash; Atahualpa, last emperor of the Inca (d. 1533)
* 1503 &ndash; Agnolo Bronzini, Italian painter (d. 1572)
* 1576 &ndash; Roqué González de Santa Cruz, Paraguayan missionary (d. 1628)
* 1587 &ndash; Joost van den Vondel, Dutch poet, writer and playwright (d. 1679)
* 1612 &ndash; Dorgon, Manchu prince of the Qing Dynasty (d. 1650)
* 1729 &ndash; Maria Antonietta of Spain, Queen of Sardinia (d. 1785)
* 1749 &ndash; Nicolas Appert, French inventor (d. 1841)
* 1755 &ndash; King Louis XVIII of France (d. 1824)
* 1784 &ndash; Ebenezer Henderson, Scottish minister and missionary (d. 1858)
* 1790 &ndash; August Ferdinand Moebius, German mathematician (d. 1868)
* 1794 &ndash; George Grote, English classicist (d. 1871)
* 1816 &ndash; August Wilhelm Ambros, Austrian composer (d. 1876)
* 1827 &ndash; Petko Slaveykov, Bulgarian poet (d. 1895)
* 1835 &ndash; Andrew L. Harris, 44th Governor of Ohio (d. 1915)
* 1854 &ndash; Hubert Lyautey, French general (d. 1934)
* 1857 &ndash; Joseph Babinski, French neurologist (d. 1932)
* 1866 &ndash; Voltarine de Cleyre, American author and activist (d. 1912)
* 1868 &ndash; Korbinian Brodmann, German neurologist (d. 1918)
* 1877 &ndash; Frank Calder, English–Canadian journalist and businessman (d. 1943)
* 1878 &ndash; Grace Abbott, American social worker (d. 1939)
* 1878 &ndash; Augustus Goessling, American swimmer and water polo player (d. 1963)
* 1878 &ndash; Lise Meitner, Austrian physicist (d. 1968)
* 1886 &ndash; Walter Terence Stace, British philosopher (d. 1957)
* 1887 &ndash; Bernard Montgomery, British World War II commander (d. 1976)
* 1895 &ndash; Mikhail Bakhtin, Russian philosopher (d. 1975)
* 1895 &ndash; Gregorio López, Mexican journalist, author and poet (d. 1966)
* 1896 &ndash; Lev Vygotsky, Russian psychologist (d. 1934)

### 1901 &ndash; 1950 
* 1901 &ndash; Lee Strasberg, Austrian director (d. 1982)
* 1901 &ndash; Walter Hallstein, German politician and diplomat (d. 1982)
* 1902 &ndash; Eugene Wigner, Hungarian physicist (d. 1995)
* 1904 &ndash; Salomeja Neris, Lithuanian poet (d. 1945)
* 1904 &ndash; Paul Chaudet, Swiss politician (d. 1977)
* 1905 &ndash; Queen Astrid of the Belgians (d. 1935)
* 1905 &ndash; Mischa Auer, Russian–born American actor (d. 1967)
* 1906 &ndash; Soichiro Honda, Japanese businessman and automobile executive (d. 1991)
* 1912 &ndash; Kim Sung-Gan, Korean–Japanese footballer (d. 1984)
* 1916 &ndash; George Silk, New Zealand–American photojournalist (d. 2004)
* 1916 &ndash; Shelby Foote, American historian and novelist (d. 2005)
* 1920 &ndash; Camillo Felgen, Luxembourg singer-songwriter (d. 2005)
* 1920 &ndash; Ellis Kaut, German writer and illustrator (d. 2015)
* 1921 &ndash; Albert Bertelsen, Danish painter
* 1922 &ndash; Stanley Cohen, American biochemist
* 1923 &ndash; Aristides Pereira, 1st President of Cape Verde (d. 2011)
* 1923 &ndash; Hubertus Brandenburg, German–born Swedish Roman Catholic bishop (d. 2009)
* 1925 &ndash; Rock Hudson, American actor (d. 1985)
* 1925 &ndash; Charles Mackerras, Australian conductor (d. 2010)
* 1926 &ndash; Vlasta Chramostová, Czech actress (d. 2019)
* 1928 &ndash; Arman, French–American artist (d. 2005)
* 1928 &ndash; Rance Howard, American actor (d. 2017)
* 1929 &ndash; Norm Zauchin, American baseball player (d. 1999)
* 1930 &ndash; Bob Mathias, American athlete, actor and politician (d. 2006)
* 1933 &ndash; Isao Iwabuchi, Japanese footballer (d. 2003)
* 1933 &ndash; Roger Leloup, Belgian comic artist and writer
* 1934 &ndash; Jim Inhofe, American politician, United States Senator for Oklahoma
* 1935 &ndash; Toni Sailer, Austrian skier (d. 2009)
* 1937 &ndash; Peter Cook, British author, actor and comedian (d. 1995)
* 1938 &ndash; Gordon Lightfoot, Canadian singer
* 1939 &ndash; Eddie Reeves, American songwriter and record label executive (d. 2018)
* 1940 &ndash; Luke Kelly, Irish singer and banjo player (d. 1984)
* 1940 &ndash; Gunnar Uldall, German politician (d. 2017)
* 1942 &ndash; Martin Scorsese, American movie director
* 1943 &ndash; Lauren Hutton, American actress
* 1944 &ndash; Danny DeVito, American actor
* 1944 &ndash; Rem Koolhaas, Dutch architect
* 1944 &ndash; Joe Boeheim, American basketball player and coach
* 1944 &ndash; Lorne Michaels, Israeli–American television producer
* 1945 &ndash; Elvin Hayes, American basketball player
* 1945 &ndash; Jeremy Hanley, English politician
* 1946 &ndash; Martin Barre, English rock musician (Jethro Tull)
* 1946 &ndash; Terry Branstad, 39th Governor of Iowa
* 1947 &ndash; Jorge Sassi, Argentine actor (d. 2015)
* 1948 &ndash; Howard Dean, American politician
* 1948 &ndash; Tom Wolf, American politician, 47th Governor of Pennsylvania
* 1949 &ndash; Nguyen Tan Dung, Prime Minister of Vietnam
* 1949 &ndash; John Boehner, American politician

### 1951 &ndash; 1975 
* 1951 &ndash; Dean Paul Martin, American singer, actor and tennis player (d. 1987)
* 1951 &ndash; Stephen Root, American actor
* 1951 &ndash; Jack Vettriano, Scottish painter
* 1952 &ndash; Cyril Ramaphosa, South African politician and businessman, President of South Africa
* 1954 &ndash; Chopper Read, Australian mobster (d. 2013)
* 1955 &ndash; Yolanda King, American activist (d. 2007)
* 1958 &ndash; Mary Elizabeth Mastrantonio, American actress and singer
* 1959 &ndash; Terry Fenwick, English footballer
* 1959 &ndash; Thomas Allofs, German footballer
* 1960 &ndash; Jonathan Ross, British television presenter
* 1960 &ndash; RuPaul, American actor, drag queen, model, author and singer
* 1960 &ndash; Mandy Yachad, South African cricketer and field hockey player
* 1961 &ndash; Wolfram Wuttke, German footballer (d. 2015)
* 1964 &ndash; Susan Rice, American politician and diplomat
* 1964 &ndash; Iain Stewart, Scottish geologist
* 1964 &ndash; Moses Sithole, South African serial killer
* 1966 &ndash; Jeff Buckley, American musician (d. 1997)
* 1966 &ndash; Richard Fortus, American guitarist (Guns N' Roses)
* 1966 &ndash; Daisy Fuentes, Cuban–American television host and model
* 1966 &ndash; Sophie Marceau, French actress
* 1967 &ndash; Tab Benoit, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
* 1968 &ndash; Sean Miller, American basketball player
* 1970 &ndash; Paul Allender, English guitarist and songwriter
* 1971 &ndash; Michael Adams, English chess player
* 1972 &ndash; Kimya Dawson, American singer-songwriter
* 1972 &ndash; Lorraine Pascale, British chef and former model
* 1973 &ndash; Andreas Hedlund, Swedish singer-songwriter and producer
* 1973 &ndash; Eli Marrero, Cuban–American baseball player, coach and manager
* 1973 &ndash; Bernd Schneider, German footballer
* 1973 &ndash; Alexei Urmanov, Russian figure skater
* 1974 &ndash; Eunice Barber, Sierra Leonean–French heptathlete and long jumper
* 1974 &ndash; Leslie Bibb, American actress
* 1974 &ndash; Berto Romero, Spanish humorist
* 1975 &ndash; Jerome P. James, American basketball player

### From 1976 
* 1976 &ndash; Jacqueline Aguilera, Venezuelan model
* 1976 &ndash; Brandon Call, American actor
* 1976 &ndash; Diane Neal, American actress
* 1978 &ndash; Frode Kippe, Norwegian footballer
* 1978 &ndash; Rachel McAdams, Canadian actress
* 1980 &ndash; Isaac Hanson, American singer–songwriter and guitarist (Hanson)
* 1981 &ndash; Sarah Harding, English singer (Girls Aloud)
* 1981 &ndash; Doug Walker, American YouTube personality (Nostalgia Critic)
* 1983 &ndash; Ryan Bradley, American figure skater
* 1983 &ndash; Harry Lloyd, British actor
* 1984 &ndash; Park Han-byul, South Korean actress
* 1986 &ndash; Luis Aguiar, Uruguayan footballer
* 1986 &ndash; Nani, Portuguese footballer
* 1986 &ndash; Alexis Vastine, French boxer (d. 2015)
* 1986 &ndash; Greg Rutherford, British long jumper and sprinter
* 1987 &ndash; Gemma Spofforth, British swimmer
* 1990 &ndash; Shanica Knowles, American actress and singer
* 1990 &ndash; Doriemus, New Zealand racehorse (d. 2015)
* 1993 &ndash; Taylor Gold, American snowboarder
* 1994 &ndash; Raquel Castro, American actress
* 1998 &ndash; Kara Hayward, American actress

## Deaths 
### Up to 1900 
* 344 &ndash; Emperor Kang of Jin
* 375 &ndash; Valentinian I, Roman Emperor (b. 321)
* 474 &ndash; Leo II, Byzantine Emperor (b. 467)
* 594 &ndash; Gregory of Tours, Gallo–Roman bishop
* 641 &ndash; Emperor Jomei of Japan (b. 593)
* 885 &ndash; Liugard of Saxony (b. 845)
* 1231 &ndash; Elizabeth of Hungary (b. 1207)
* 1492 &ndash; Jami, Persian poet (b. 1414)
* 1494 &ndash; Giovanni Pico della Mirandola, Italian philosopher (b. 1463)
* 1558 &ndash; Reginald Pole, English archbishop (b. 1500)
* 1558 &ndash; Queen Mary I of England (b. 1516)
* 1562 &ndash; Antoine of Navarre (b. 1518)
* 1592 &ndash; King John III of Sweden (b. 1537)
* 1600 &ndash; Kuki Yoshitaka, Japanese navy commander (b. 1542)
* 1632 &ndash; Gottfried Heinrich Graf zu Pappenheim, Bavarian field marshal (b. 1594)
* 1713 &ndash; Abraham van Riebeeck, Dutch colonial governor (b. 1653)
* 1720 &ndash; Calico Jack, English pirate (b. 1682)
* 1768 &ndash; Thomas Pelham-Holles, 1st Duke of Newcastle upon Tyne, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1693)
* 1780 &ndash; Bernardo Bellotto, Italian painter (b. 1720)
* 1796 &ndash; Catherine II of Russia (b. 1729)
* 1818 &ndash; Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, Queen Consort of Great Britain and Ireland (b. 1744)
* 1825 &ndash; Walter Leake, Governor of Mississippi (b. 1762)
* 1858 &ndash; Robert Owen, Welsh social reformer (b. 1771)
* 1893 &ndash; Alexander of Battenberg, Prince of Bulgaria (b. 1857)

### 1901 &ndash; 2000 
* 1905 &ndash; Adolphe, Grand Duke of Luxembourg (b. 1817)
* 1917 &ndash; Auguste Rodin, French sculptor (b. 1840)
* 1920 &ndash; John Franklin Fort, Governor of New Jersey (b. 1852)
* 1922 &ndash; Robert Comtesse, Swiss politician (b. 1847)
* 1924 &ndash; Patriarch Gregory VII of Constantinople (b. 1850)
* 1928 &ndash; Lala Lajpat Rai, Indian author and politician (b. 1865)
* 1929 &ndash; Herman Hollerith, American businessman (b. 1860)
* 1934 &ndash; Joachim Ringelnatz, German writer (b. 1883)
* 1940 &ndash; Eric Gill, English sculptor (b. 1882)
* 1940 &ndash; Raymond Pearl, American biologist (b. 1879)
* 1947 &ndash; Ricarda Huch, German writer, poet, philosopher and historian (b. 1864)
* 1959 &ndash; Heitor Villa-Lobos, Brazilian composer (b. 1887)
* 1961 &ndash; Michael Rockefeller, American explorer (b. 1938)
* 1966 &ndash; James Jabara, American Air Force pilot (b. 1923)
* 1968 &ndash; Mervyn Peake, British writer (b. 1911)
* 1971 &ndash; Debaki Bose, Indian actor, director and writer (b. 1898)
* 1971 &ndash; Gladys Cooper, British actress (b. 1888)
* 1973 &ndash; Mirra Alfassa, French–Indian spiritual leader (b. 1878)
* 1974 &ndash; Erskine Hamilton Childers, President of Ireland (b. 1905)
* 1979 &ndash; John Glascock, British musician (Jethro Tull) (b. 1951)
* 1982 &ndash; Duk Koo Kim, South Korean boxer (b. 1959)
* 1985 &ndash; Lon Nol, Cambodian politician (b. 1913)
* 1986 &ndash; Georges Besse, French manager (Renault) (b. 1927)
* 1987 &ndash; Paul Derringer, American baseball player (b. 1906)
* 1990 &ndash; Robert Hofstadter, American physicist (b. 1915)
* 1992 &ndash; Audre Lorde, Caribbean–American author, poet and activist (b. 1934)
* 1998 &ndash; Esther Rolle, American actress (b. 1920)
* 2000 &ndash; Louis Néel, French physicist (b. 1904)

### From 2001 
* 2002 &ndash; Abba Eban, Israeli politician (b. 1915)
* 2004 &ndash; Alexander Ragulin, Russian ice hockey player (b. 1941)
* 2004 &ndash; Mikael Ljungberg, Swedish wrestler (b. 1970)
* 2006 &ndash; Ferenc Puskas, Hungarian footballer (b. 1927)
* 2006 &ndash; Bo Schembechler, American football coach (b. 1929)
* 2006 &ndash; Flo Sandon's, Italian singer (b. 1924)
* 2010 &ndash; Olavo Rodrigues Barbosa, Brazilian footballer (b. 1923)
* 2012 &ndash; Bal Thackeray, Indian politician (b. 1926)
* 2013 &ndash; Doris Lessing, British writer (b. 1919)
* 2014 &ndash; Bill Frenzel, American politician (b. 1928)
* 2014 &ndash; Jimmy Ruffin, American singer (b. 1936)
* 2015 &ndash; Rahim Moeini Kermanshahi, Iranian poet and songwriter (b. 1922)
* 2016 &ndash; Ruth Gruber, American journalist (b. 1911)
* 2016 &ndash; Whitney Smith, American vexillologist (b. 1940)
* 2017 &ndash; Salvatore Riina, Italian mafia boss (b. 1930)
* 2017 &ndash; Earle Hyman, American actor (b. 1926)
* 2017 &ndash; Rikard Wolff, Swedish actor (b. 1958)
* 2017 &ndash; Aleksandr Salnikov, Soviet–Ukrainian basketball player (b. 1949)
* 2018 &ndash; Richard Baker, English broadcaster (b. 1925)
* 2018 &ndash; Gene Berce, American basketball player (b. 1926)
* 2018 &ndash; Kayo Dottley, American football player (b. 1928)
* 2018 &ndash; Alyque Padamsee, Indian actor (b. 1928)
* 2018 &ndash; Eduard von Falz-Fein, Russian–born Liechtensteiner businessman, journalist and sportsman  (b. 1912)
* 2019 &ndash; Harley D. Nygren, American admiral and photographer (b. 1924)
* 2019 &ndash; Adnan Pachachi, Iraqi politician and diplomat (b. 1923)

## Observances 
* International Students' Day
* World Prematurity Day
* Struggle for Freedom and Democracy (Czech Republic and Slovakia)