open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Tornado drill

A **tornado drill** is something people do to practice what they would do if there were a tornado. It is usually done in a building such as a school or office. It starts with a  such as an alarm or a spoken message over an . After they hear the signal, people go to a certain part of the building. This is usually a room deep inside the building (probably near the middle), or a hallway with no windows. They then get into a safe position. This might include  on the ground with their hands over their heads.

In some places, schools have to have tornado drills, but usually not as often as fire drills. Tornado drills happen more in places where there are more tornadoes, such as in the Tornado Alley of the Midwestern United States.

## Statewide drills 
In the United States, most states in the Midwest and South have a statewide tornado drill in late winter or early spring to get ready for the severe weather season.  During these drills, the National Weather Service gives out test tornado warnings, and local Emergency Alert Systems and/or NOAA Weather Radio (normally as a weekly or monthly test) are sounded, along with outdoor warning sirens.  Schools and businesses may also have a tornado drill.

## Related pages
* Fire drill
* Tornado
* Tornado Alley

## References 
## Other websites
* Tornado Safety Rules in Schools 
* My Hazardous Statewide Guide
Conservation biology

, Australia while continuing to allow visitor access]]

**Conservation biology** is the study of the nature and status of Earth's biodiversity, aimed to protect species, their habitats, and ecosystems from threatening to extinction. It combines subjects ranged from sciences to economics and the practice of natural resource management. The name *conservation biology* was introduced as the title of a meeting held at the University of California in 1978. Both conservation biology and the concept of biodiversity influence conservation policy.

## References 
## Related pages 
*Conservation movement
*Reforesting
2009–10 FC Barcelona season

The **2009–10 season** is '''Futbol Club Barcelona's''' 116th in the Spanish league.

## Players
 in 2009]]

## Transfers 
## League
## References
Fandango (wrestler)

**Curtis Jonathan Hussey** (born July 22, 1983) is an American professional wrestler. He currently wrestles for Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA), where he is a member of the Stable (wrestling) The System and performs under the ring name **Johnny Dango Curtis** (**JDC**). He is best known for his time in WWE from 2006 to 2021, where he competed under the ring name **Fandango** and is a former NXT Tag Team Champion with Tyler Breeze. He was also known by the ring name **Johnny Curtis** when he competed on the fourth season of *NXT*, which he won. He first competed for Florida Championship Wrestling (FCW), where was a two-time Florida Tag Team Champion with Tyler Reks and Derrick Bateman. His entrance music was popular among WWE fans and so it placed on the iTunes charts and generated coverage in mainstream media.

## Championships and accomplishments
***Eastern Wrestling Alliance**
**EWA Tag Team Championship (3 times) – with Kamikaze (2) and Brian Black (1)
***Florida Championship Wrestling**
**FCW Florida Tag Team Championship (2 times) – with Tyler Reks (1) and Derrick Bateman (1)
***Independent Connecticut Championship Wrestling**
**ICCW Connecticut Championship (1 time)
***Immortal Championship Wrestling**
**ICW Heavyweight Championship (1 time)
***Northeast Championship Wrestling**
**NCW New England Championship (1 time)
**NCW Tag Team Championship (1 time) – with Damian Houston
***Premier Wrestling Federation**
**PWF Northeast Heavyweight Championship (2 times)
**PWF Northeast Tag Team Championship (2 times) – with Kenn Phoenix
****Pro Wrestling Illustrated***
**Ranked no. 59 of the top 500 singles wrestlers in the *PWI 500* in 2013
***South Coast Championship Wrestling**
**SCCW Lightweight Championship (1 time)
***Superstars Of Wrestling Federation**
**SWF Heavyweight Championship (1 time)
***WWE**
**NXT Tag Team Championship (1 time) – with Tyler Breeze
***NXT* (season 4)

## References
## Other websites
*
2010–11 FC Barcelona season

The **2010–11 season** was '''FC Barcelona's''' 111th season since the club was founded in 1899. Barcelona started the season with a new President, Sandro Rosell.

Many people consider this season to be one of the best in Barcelona's history.

## Players
### Youth System 
## Transfers 
## Supercopa de España 
## League
## Copa del Rey 
### Round of 32 
### Round of 16 
### Quarter-finals 
### Semi-finals 
### Final 
## UEFA Champions League 
### Group stage 
### Round of 16 
### Quarter-finals 
### Semi-finals 
### Final 
## References
Android (robot)

An **android robot**, also known as a **robotic android** or simply a **robot android**, **robotic droid**, **robot droid**, **robodroid** or **robod** or an **android** or a **droid** , is a robot, specifically a humanoid robot, that looks very similar to humans. In TV shows and movies, androids are usually represented by human actors without special effects, while robots are usually shown in clunky suits or in makeup.

In real life, androids do exist — but they are inhuman and tend to look scary, falling into the uncanny valley.

## References
## External videos
* Russian Android『FEDOR (callsign：Skybot F-850)』Official Videos
**  - on Roscosmos State Corporation for Space Activities Official YouTube Channel
**  - on Roscosmos State Corporation for Space Activities Official YouTube Channel
**  - on Roscosmos State Corporation for Space Activities Official YouTube Channel
ISO 21482

**ISO 21482** is a standard that specifies a warning symbol to warn against the dangers of radiation. The warning is made of the trefoil on the top, which warns against radiations. There are lines towards the bottom. On the bottom left, there is a skull, which warns against poison. On the bottom right, there is a running figure, and an arrow pointing outside the sign. The color red was chosen because children said it expresses danger better than yellow. The Gallup Organization recommended the symbol, after showing it to 1650 people. 

The new symbol does not replace the old one, but it amends it. It was designed to show the danger of radiation to people who do not know about radiation, or who do not know the symbol for it. The symbol was developed because of nuclear accidents that happened because people opened containers with radioactive materials, such as the Goiânia accident in 1987, or the Samut Prakan disaster near Bangkok in 2000. The new symbol will not be placed on the containers. Rather, it will directly placed on the substances emitting radiation, of the highest categories, 1 to 3. Containers will continue to bear only the old symbol, as they do not pose a direct risk. This also applies to rooms with radiation sources or x-ray equipment in them.

## References
Manuel Lanzini

**Manuel Lanzini** (born 15 February 1993) is an Argentine football player. He plays for River Plate.

## Career statistics
### Club
### International
 (Argentina score listed first, score column indicates score after each Lanzini goal)
*Taca Guanabara: 2012

**River Plate**
*Argentine Primera División: Torneo Final 2014
**West Ham United**
*UEFA Europa Conference League: 2022–23
**Argentina**
*Superclásico de las Américas: 2017
**Individual**
*West Ham United Players' Player of the Year: 2016–17
*Premier League Goal of the Month: October 2020

## References
## Other websites
* Manuel Lanzini at West Ham United F.C. (archive)
* 
* 
* 
* 
* Argentine Primera statistics at Fútbol XXI  
* "Se dio todo muy rápido" at River Plate&nbsp;— Sitio Official 
*Argentine Primera statistics at Fútbol XXI
Banchan

***Banchan*** (; also known as '''''panch'an'''*), is a word for small dishes of food. They are served with cooked rice in Korean cuisine. The main dishes that are eaten are *bap* (밥, cooked rice), *guk*, or *tang* (soup), *gochujang* or *ganjang*, *jjigae*, and *kimchi*. The table setting is called *3 cheop* (삼첩), *5 cheop* (오첩), *7 cheop* (칠첩), *9 cheop* (구첩), *12 cheop* (십이첩) *bansang*. This depends on the number of *banchan* there is. In Korean royal cuisine, the table setting is *12 cheop*.

*Banchan* are put on the middle of the table and usually shared, though *guk* (soup) is not shared. Banchan are served little by little. They are meant to be finished at each meal, and more is added if there is not enough. Often, the more  the meals are, the more *banchan* there will be. Jeolla province is quite famous for serving many different kinds of *banchan'' in a single meal.

## References 
## Other websites 
* 
*
Jjigae

**Jjigae** (찌개) is a Korean food. if you compare jjigae to a Western food, you can think of it as being similar to soup and stew. There are many different kinds of *jjigae*. Koreans love and enjoy a food. People usually enjoy eating rice with jjigae. However, it is usually made with meat, seafood or vegetables in a  flavored with *gochujang*, *doenjang*, or *ganjang*. *Jjigae* can also be well seasoned with red chili pepper and served boiling hot. 

A Korean meal almost always includes either a *jjigae* or a *guk* (국, soup).

Guk and Tang have a lot of water and little stuff, so they belong to basic food like rice, but jjigae is mostly treated as a side dish.

## Type of jjigae 
Different kinds of *jjigae* are often called according to their main  such as *saengseon jjigae* (생선찌개).

Kimchi-jjigae(김치찌개) : One of the most representative jjigaes in Korea. It is a spicy jjigae made with Kimchi, meat and tofu.Other types of  Kimchi may be added to your taste. 

Soybean-jjigae(된장찌개) : As a representative jjigae in Korea, it is mentioned with Kimchi-jjigae. It is jjigae made with tofu or mushrooms with soybean paste. Ingredients may change depending on the season. 

Gochujang-jjigae(고추장찌개) : It is a jjigae made by boiling red pepper paste with water and adding meat, green onions, tofu, etc. This is the most common jjigae in Korea.

Soft tofu-jjigae(순두부찌개) : This is a jjigae made by adding seasoning to soft tofu and seasoning it with soy sauce or salt. It is one of the soft and easy-to-digest foods.

## References
Fumigation

**Fumigation** is the making of toxic fumes. It may be done for several reasons. The most common use is to kill insects that hide in various places in a house or other building. There are a few steps to fumigate. First, the house or room is sealed. Then the fumigant (substance making fumes) is placed in the area. Then the fumigant is left to flow through the area. Finally, the fumigant is released before the people move back in. The gases are very toxic and the person fumigating has to make sure no one goes into the fumigation area or they might get poisoned. 

## Related pages
*Pest control
*Pesticide
*Herbicide

## References
Exit (system call)

**exit** in computing means to  a task or program. On many computer operating systems, a process is stopped by making a system call, called exit. An exit in a multithreading environment means that a thread of execution has stopped running. The operating system reclaims memory that was used by the process. The process is said to be a *dead process* after it terminates.

## Related pages
* exit (command)
Winger (band)

**Winger** is an American metal band from in New York City. Winger became popular during the late 1980s and early 1990s from songs like *Seventeen*, *Headed for a Heartbreak* and *Miles Away*. As the music scene changed in the early to mid-1990s with the popularity of grunge music, the band lost popularity after their third album *Pull*.

After the band broke up in 1994, some of the band members began solo careers. The band reunited in 2001 with a new guitarist (John Roth). In 2006, the band's 1993 touring line-up (except for Paul Taylor) re-united to record the band's first studio album in over 13 years, *IV*. In 2009 the band released a fifth album, *Karma*.
Kip Winger

**Kip Winger** (born **Charles Frederick Kip Winger**, June 21, 1961, Denver, Colorado) is an American rock musician. He is a member of the band Winger, and a solo artist.
Ipswich, Queensland

**Ipswich** () is a large city in Queensland, Australia. It has a population of about 155,000 people. Ipswich is the oldest provincial city in Queensland, and has more than 6000 heritage listed houses, shops, public buildings and historic sites. It is also the site of the Amberley Air Base, the Royal Australian Air Force's largest operating base.

## References
Hanja

**Hanja** is the Korean word for Chinese characters. It is about the Chinese characters that are  from the Chinese language and used in the Korean language with Korean pronunciation. *Hanja-mal* or *hanja-eo* is about words which can be written with hanja. *Hanmun* (한문) is about the Chinese Classical writing, but *hanja* can sometimes be used to generally mean *hanmun* too. Hanja was never very changed, so almost all of the Chinese characters in hanja are the same as in traditional Chinese. Only a few hanja characters are unique to Korea.

In the 1440s, however, a Korean hangul alphabet relying on sound was made by a group of students, led by King Sejong the Great. It was not widely used at first. However, by the early 19th and 20th century it was more widely used than *hanja*, and it is now the official writing system of Korea.

But until then, everyone mostly read and wrote in *hanja*, so most of the older books in Korean literature are written in hanja. Students who learn Korean history learn hanja to read historical papers. Children in South Korea still learn hanja, for many South Korean words still have roots in hanja. In North Korea, however, hanja has been abolished along with many Chinese loanwords, and North Koreans only use hangul to write in Korean.

## Related pages 
* Hangul
*Kanji

## References 
## Other websites
*Korean Hangul to Hanja Conversion Tool
Rick Rude

**Richard Erwin Rood** (December 7, 1958 &ndash; April 20, 1999), was an American professional wrestler. He is best known by his ring name **"Ravishing" Rick Rude** and wrestled for the professional wrestling promotions World Championship Wrestling (WCW), Extreme Championship Wrestling (ECW) and World Wrestling Federation (WWF) from 1987 to 1998. In his wrestling career he was a one-time WWF Intercontinental Champion and won numerous championships in WCW and ECW.

## Other websites
*WWE profile
Gypsum

**Gypsum** (CaSO4·2H2O) is a common sulfate mineral made of calcium sulfate. Gypsum has been used as a building material for a long time, possibly since the neolithic. Today, it is used in drywall, and as an ingredient of plaster of Paris. It can also be used as a fertilizer. It is softer than most minerals, with a value of 2 on the Mohs scale of mineral hardness. This mineral can be, somewhat, scratched with your fingernail. A fingernail, with a value of 2.5 on the Mohs scale of mineral hardness is in fact higher than the mineral shown above. It is an ingredient of Portland cement. Gypsum was used in ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia by sculptors. It is also used in making surgical and orthopedic cast molds.

## Related pages 
*Plaster
The Fame Monster

***The Fame Monster*** is an extra long EP (extended play) recording created by American artist Lady Gaga in 2009. *The Fame Monster* reached the top of the charts in Australia, Germany, Ireland, New Zealand, Poland and the United Kingdom, while reaching the top ten in other major markets. Lady Gaga did a tour called the Monster Ball that lasted from late 2009 until mid-2011.

Gaga has said that the album represents the darker side of fame, and each song shows a certain fear.

## Singles
The singles on *The Fame Monster* are "Bad Romance", "Telephone" (featuring R&B singer Beyoncé), and "Alejandro". The album and "Bad Romance" received three Grammy Awards altogether: Best Pop Vocal Album (*The Fame Monster*), Best Pop Vocal Performance ("Bad Romance"), and Best Short Form Music Video ("Bad Romance"). In the UK, the first two singles topped the chart.The main music genres which make up the album are pop, dance-pop, and electropop.

## Track listing
## References
Randy Couture

**Randy Duane Couture** (born June 22, 1963 in Everett, Washington) is an American mixed martial artist, Greco-Roman wrestler and actor fighting for the UFC. Couture has won the UFC Heavyweight Championship 3 times, the UFC Light Heavyweight Championship 2 times and is a UFC Hall of Famer. Couture also acted in the movie The Expendables as *Toll Road*.

## Other websites
*Randy Couture's Official website
Nadia Petrova

**Nadezhda "Nadia" Petrova** (); born June 8, 1982 in Moscow, Soviet Union, is a Russian professional tennis player. 

She has won 27 WTA Titles, nine in singles and eighteen in doubles. In singles, Petrova has a career high ranking of World No. 3 in May 2006. She has reached the semi-finals of the French Open in 2003 and 2005. In doubles, she won the Sony Ericsson Championships in 2004 with Meghann Shaughnessy.  As of 29 August 2011, Petrova was ranked World No. 30 in singles and World No. 9 in doubles. 

## Weblinks 
* Nadja Petrowa at the Women's Tennis Association
* Nadja Petrowa at ITF Tennis
* Official Nadia Petrova Page 
* Nadia Petrova Fanpage
B.J. Penn

**Jay Dee "B.J." Penn ** (born December 13, 1978 in Hilo, Hawaii) is an American mixed martial artist. He fights for the UFC. Penn is a former one-time UFC Lightweight Champion and one-time UFC Welterweight Champion. Penn was also the coach of the 5th season of The Ultimate Fighter against the other coach, Jens Pulver. Penn is also a former one-time *Rumble on the Rock* Lightweight Champion.

## Other websites
*B.J. Penn's Official website
Jason Lee

**Jason Michael Lee** (born April 25, 1970 in Santa Ana, Orange County, Orange, California) is an American professional Skateboarder turned actor. Growing up in Orange, California, he became a skateboarder at age 13. As a professional skateboarder, he travelled worldwide and appeared in several skateboard videos. In 2005, he gambled on accepting the lead in the *My Name is Earl* television series. The sitcom ran for four years. In 2007, he played Dave Seville in *Alvin and the Chipmunks*. He played the role again in the 2009 sequel. Also in the third movie in 2011 and the fourth one in 2015.

## References
Scholastic Corporation

**Scholastic** (or **Scholastic Inc.**) is a global book publishing company known for making educational items for schools, teachers, and parents, and selling and giving them by mail order and via book clubs and book fairs. It also has the all the publishing rights to the *Harry Potter* book series in the United States.

## Notable books
**The 39 Clues*
**The Amazing Days Of Abby Hayes*
*''Allie Finkle's Rules for Girls* series
**Animorphs*
**The Adventures of the Bailey School Kids* series
**The Baby-sitters Club*
**Bananas* (magazine)
**Bionicle*
**Bone* (colorized editions)
**Captain Underpants* series
**Clifford the Big Red Dog* (series)
**Dynamite*
**Dynamath (magazine)*
**Freak the Mighty*
**Genny in a Bottle* series
**Ghostville Elementary* series
**The Ghost Hunter*
**Good Night, Sleep Tight*
**Guardians of Ga'hoole* series
**Goosebumps*
**Geronimo Stilton* series
**Grolier Multimedia Encyclopedia*
**Harry Potter* series
**History of My Back Yard series
**I-Spy*
**Jigsaw Jones Mysteries*
**The Magic School Bus* series
**PLAY! Scholastic* (magazine)
**The Hunger Games*
**The Royal Diaries* series
*''Ripley's Believe It or Not! Special Edition* (annual)
**Scholastic News* (magazines)
**Science World*
**Star Wars* series
**Sunfire* series
**The Scholastic Dictionary of Spelling*
**Warriors* series
**Wishbone* series
**Wow'' (magazine)

## Criticism
Scholastic has been criticized for bad marketing to children. A large number of titles have strong media tie-ins and are considered short in literary and artistic merit by some people. Consumer groups have also said that Scholastic is selling too many toys and video games to children.

## References
## Other websites
*
*Official website on Tom Snyder Productions, a division of Scholastic
*Official website of Soup2Nuts, an animation studio division of Scholastic 
*Official website of Klutz Press, a division of Scholastic
*Official website of TeachersPayTeachers.com
*Scholastic Art & Writing Awards
*Blog: On Our Minds At Scholastic
List of oxides

This page is a list of all oxides. Oxides are chemical compounds containing oxygen in an oxidation state from 1 to 7.

## Metal oxides 
*Aluminium oxide, very hard, used as abrasive
*Antimony trioxide, white solid
*Antimony tetroxide, white solid
*Antimony pentoxide, yellow solid, oxidizing agent
*Arsenic trioxide, white solid, highly toxic
*Arsenic pentoxide, white solid, highly toxic, oxidizing agent
*Barium oxide, white, toxic, basic
*Bismuth(III) oxide, weak oxidizing agent, pale yellow
*Bismuth(V) oxide, very unstable, reddish
*Cadmium(II) oxide, brown, basic, toxic
*Calcium oxide, white, quicklime
*Cerium(III) oxide, white
*Cerium(IV) oxide, strong oxidizing agent
*Chromium(II) oxide, black reducing agent
*Chromium(III) oxide, dark green
*Chromium(IV) oxide, black, artificial, used in cassettes
*Chromium(VI) oxide, red, toxic, oxidizing agent
*Cobalt(II) oxide, dark green, or black
*Cobalt(II,III) oxide, black
*Cobalt(III) oxide, black
*Copper(I) oxide, reddish
*Copper(II) oxide, black
*Iron(II) oxide, black, used as pigment
*Iron(II,III) oxide, black, ore of iron
*Iron(III) oxide, rust, reddish
*Lanthanum oxide, white
*Lead(II) oxide, orange, toxic
*Lead(II,IV) oxide, red, toxic
*Lead(IV) oxide, black, toxic, oxidizing agent, used in car batteries
*Lithium oxide, white, basic, used in ceramics
*Magnesium oxide, white, used in antacids
*Manganese(II) oxide, brown-pink
*Manganese(III) oxide, black, found in dead batteries
*Manganese(IV) oxide, black, oxidizing agent, used in alkaline batteries
*Manganese(VII) oxide, red oil, explosive
*Mercury(II) oxide, red, toxic, used in mercury batteries
*Nickel(II) oxide, light green
*Nickel(III) oxide, rare, oxidizing agent
*Rubidium oxide, yellowish, rare, highly reactive
*Silicon dioxide, colorless crystalline compound, very common in earth
*Silver(I) oxide, brown-black, used in silver oxide batteries
*Thallium(I) oxide, black, dissolves in water
*Thallium(III) oxide, white, oxidizing agent
*Thorium(IV) oxide, white, radioactive
*Tin(II) oxide, black or red, flammable
*Tin(IV) oxide, white, ore of tin
*Uranium(VI) oxide, yellow, toxic and radioactive
*Tungsten(VI) oxide, yellow
*Zinc oxide, white, used in sunscreen

## Non-metal oxides 
*Bromine dioxide, yellow crystals, unstable
*Carbon dioxide, colorless heavy gas, exhaled by animals
*Carbon monoxide, colorless gas, toxic
*Chlorine dioxide, powerful oxidizing gas
*Dinitrogen tetroxide, colorless corrosive gas
*Dinitrogen pentoxide, anhydride of nitric acid
*Dihydrogen oxide, colorless liquid
*Iodine pentoxide, colorless solid, anhydride of iodic acid
*Nitric oxide, toxic gas, easily oxidized
*Nitrogen dioxide, toxic brown choking gas
*Nitrous oxide, sweet gas, used in whipping cream bottles and anesthetics 
*Phosphorus(III) oxide, smells like garlic, toxic
*Phosphorus(V) oxide, absorbs water readily, white, irritating
*Selenium dioxide, white solid, has horseradish odor
*Selenium trioxide, very reactive solid
*Tellurium dioxide, most common tellurium compound, white or yellow solid
*Tellurium trioxide, highly reactive solid
*Sulfur dioxide, colorless heavy toxic gas, "burned" odor
*Sulfur trioxide, irritating toxic liquid
FIA Super Licence

The **FIA Super Licence** is a qualification allowing the licence (license) holder to take part in Formula One Grands Prix as a driver.  The licence is issued by the FIA upon request.

There are several requirements to qualify for an FIA Super Licence. The driver requesting the licence must already have a Grade A competition licence. They must also meet the requirements of the FIA International Sporting Code, Appendix L. Appendix L lists other racing experience required. One of the following is required:
*The driver must be the current champion in one of the lower FIA racing series. Examples of the lower series include Formula 3 (British, Italian, Japanese or Euroseries) or Formula Two (formerly known as GP2 and Formula 3000), 
*The driver must have finished well on a regular basis in one of the above categories.
*Drivers who have competed in the IndyCar Series are eligible for a Super Licence if they finished in the top six places of the drivers championship. 
**This allows drivers from the United States domestic series to move into Formula One without first taking part in other FIA sanctioned events. 

In rare and special cases, Appendix L allows the FIA to award a Super Licence to a driver who does not meet the normal requirements. A yes vote by all the members is required. The driver must also completed 300 kilometres of testing at racing speeds in a current car.

## Nationality of drivers 
The nationality that appears on the racing licence is the same one that appears on the driver's passport. This does not need to be the same as the country issuing the racing licence. A Frenchman living in Germany can race with a German licence, but the nationality displayed would still be French. In order to race as German, the driver would need to have German nationality as well. For drivers with multiple citizenships, the driver chooses which country to drive for.

## Other websites 
*The official FIA Website
*Appendix L to the International Sporting Code
Kijiji

**Kijiji** ( ; , Swahili for *village*) is a centralized network of online groups of people for writing local online classified advertisements. It is a subsidiary of eBay launched in March 2005. Kijiji is currently available for more than 300 cities in Germany. Further Kijiji countries are France, Italy, Canada, China, India, Taiwan, Belgium, Switzerland, Austria, and Japan. Kijiji was made available to selected cities in the United States on June 29, 2007, under the name of *eBay Classifieds*.

Kijiji offers similar services and is seen as a competitor to Craigslist with the biggest exception being that Kijiji has quite an extensive pets section. Kijiji's owner eBay is also a minority shareholder in Craigslist. In April 2008 eBay launched a lawsuit against Craigslist claiming that their executives were attempting to weaken eBay's investment, while in May of the same year, Craigslist filed a countersuit claiming Kijiji had stolen trade secrets and that eBay used misleading tactics to promote the service.

## Divisions 
In November 2004, eBay acquired **Marktplaats.nl**, which offers a similar classifieds service in the Netherlands, holding an 80% market share.

At that time, Marktplaats.nl had set out into Spain, Germany, Turkey and Canada under the name of **Intoko**.  Intoko Spain merged with Loquo, Intoko Germany merged with Kijiji Germany and Intoko Canada merged with Kijiji Canada.  Intoko Turkey transferred to the Kijiji platform and is currently operating as *intoko.kijiji.com.tr*.

In May 2005, eBay bought Gumtree, which offers a similar service for cities in the UK, Ireland, Poland, Hong Kong, South Africa, Australia and New Zealand, as well as the Spanish company Loquo. One month later, it acquired OpusForum.org, another website offering online classifieds in Germany. In July 2006, Klaus Gapp, the founder of OpusForum, noted that, after its acquisition, it had "merged with its new Kijiji classifieds business in the German speaking markets of Austria, Germany and Switzerland." In August 2008, Kijiji re-branded their India site to Quikr.com.

The Kijiji Germany website has changed its name to eBay Kleinanzeigen.

In March 2010, eBay unveiled a new classifieds site, called eBay Classifieds, to replace its old site, Kijiji, in the United States.

## References
Struggle for existence

The **struggle for existence** is a natural history [metaphor]. It refers to the competition between living things to survive. This, and the similar phrase *struggle for life*, were used over 40 times by Charles Darwin in the *Origin of Species*, and the phrase is the title of chapter 3 of the *Origin*.
Darwin got the idea from his reading of the 6th edition of Thomas Malthus' *Essay on the principle of population*, and Alfred Russel Wallace also used the phrase regularly.

The idea is actually much older, and many natural historians have noted the competition between animals. Generally speaking, they have been interested in the competition between species. Malthus was probably the first to think about the struggle for resources between members of one species – humans.

Darwin first heard about Malthus in letters from his sister Fanny, while he was voyaging on HMS *Beagle*. Fanny told him Malthus' ideas were being promoted by Harriet Martineau, an early feminist writer.p153 Later on, back in London, Darwin met Martineau over dinner, and put a lot of thought into the ideas of Malthus. The number of humans could double in 25 years. If they did not, it was because of competition for resources, such as food, or because wars and disease became more common.

Darwin began to realize that every species of living thing has the potential to increase geometrically (2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256, 512, ....), yet this pattern of population growth does not happen in practice. Darwin explains why organisms do not increase geometrically. His reasons were the competition between animals, the limited amount of food, the climate, and epidemics. All organisms are bound together in the struggle for existence by complex relationships between each other. Also, the struggle for existence is greatest between organisms of the same species.
By the 1850s he had it all worked out in his manuscript "big book" (which was not published until 1975).

While recovering from malaria in the East Indies, Wallace sent an essay to Darwin in 1858. It contained the phrase: "The life of wild animals is a struggle for existence". Wallace had not known much about Darwin's ideas, and reached the idea from exactly the same source: one of the later editions of Malthus' *Essay on population*. The arrival of this essay led to the joint publication of the idea of evolution by natural selection in 1958.

## Related pages 
*Social darwinism
*Competition (biology)
*Natural selection

## References
Johnny Bravo

***Johnny Bravo*** is a Cartoon Network television series that started in the year 1997 and ended the year 2004. Several celebrities (like Adam West and Donny Osmond) guest star. The show is now very popular. It was created by Van Partible.

The series premiered July 14, 1997 and ended officially August 27, 2004. The series is a spin-off of World Premiere Toons, also known as the *What a Cartoon! Show*.

## Characters
* **Johnny Bravo** (voiced by Jeff Bennett): The show's main protagonist. A dumb muscular blonde who trys to get chicks, but always fails. He's very confident and he rarley gives up. He loves his mother and himself very much. He always wears black shades, blue pants, and black shoes and a shirt. He often combs his long hair, because he really likes how it looks. In many ways he's based on Elvis Presley and his moves are based on Michael Jackson.
* **Bunny Bravo** (voiced by Brenda Vaccaro): Johnny's mother. She has much common sense then Johnny, and she does not like Johnny's lack of good and mature behavior. She became a little crazier when the show was retooled in its second season. She loves Johnny very much. She's usually called Momma by Johnny.
* **Little Suzy** (voiced by Mae Whitman): Johnny and Bunny's next-door neighbor. She's a little girl who likes Johnny very much, but Johnny thinks she's just annoying.
* **Carl Chryniszzswics** (voiced by Tom Kenny): A smart guy who now annoys Johnny very much, but they used to be friends a long time ago. Carl was introduced on the show's second season when the show was retooled.
* **Pops** (voiced by Larry Drake): A greedy restaurant owner who sometimes acts as a father figuire. Like Carl, Pops was introduced on the show's second season when the show was retooled.

## Video games 
A video game titled *Johnny Bravo in The Hukka Mega Mighty Ultra Extreme Date-O-Rama!* was released on June 9, 2009 for the Nintendo DS and PlayStation 2. The PlayStation 2 version was released exclusively in Europe and Australia by Blast Entertainment, while the DS version was released in North America by MumboJumbo.

Characters from *Johnny Bravo* are featured in the Cartoon Network games *Cartoon Network: Block Party*, *Cartoon Network Racing*, *Cartoon Network Speedway*, *Cartoon Network Universe: FusionFall*, and *Cartoon Network: Punch Time Explosion*.
Burnout Revenge

***Burnout Revenge*** is a car racing game from the *Burnout* series of video games. There is a game in the game called *Takedown* where the player tries to knock as many players into a wall as possible. It was released on September 13, 2005.

## References
## Other websites 
*More about the game
Chris Huhne

**Christopher Murray-Paul Huhne**, commonly known as **Chris Huhne** (born 2 July 1954) is a British politician. He was born in London and was a member of the Liberal Democrats until 2013.

In the 1980s he tried in vain to become an MP on behalf of the Social Democratic Party. He was the Member of Parliament for Eastleigh from May 2005 until February 2013. He was the United Kingdom's Secretary of State for Energy and Climate Change from May 2010 until February 2012. When he was in that job, he decided on the most efficient ways of having electricity and other important resources in Britain. There was an article in the newspaper that said Huhne wanted to have more nuclear power stations. A lot of people think this is wrong.

Huhne was married to Greek economist Vicky Pryce (born 1952) from 1984 until they separated in 2010 and divorced in 2011. Huhne and Pryce had three children together.

## References
Cooking Channel

**Cooking Channel** is an  American television channel. It replaced Fine Living Network on May 31st, 2010. The channel is owned by Scripps Networks Interactive. It is a spin-off of Food Network which is also owned by SNI. The channel focuses more on instructional programs than "reality style" and competitions that Food Network is now geared towards. The original plan was to make the change in the fall of 2010. It was later announced that the switch would be made on May 31, 2010 to happen with Memorial Day in the United States. Cooking Channel launched a high-definition channel on June 30, 2010. The channel also announced that it would offer an on demand version.  

The channel also carried the new "post-game" show for *The Next Food Network Star*. It also aried replays of programs from cooks in Canada and Great Britain, These include Food Network Canada host David Rocco's  ''David Rocco's Dolce Vita'' and Irish chef Rachel Allen's *Rachel Allen: Bake!*. 

## References
## Other websites
*
*Cooking Channel Fan Page on Facebook
*Cooking Channel Chat Page on Twitter
Jarvis Green

**Jarvis Green** (born January 12, 1979) is a former American football player. He was a defensive end for the New England Patriots and Denver Broncos., He is 6'3 and weighs 285 pounds. He was born in Thibodaux, Louisana. He is 31 years old. He went to Louisana State University.

## References
## Other websites 
*bio and stats
Shays' Rebellion

(right), from a 1787 Boston Almanack woodcut, artist unknown.]]
'''Shays' Rebellion''' was a rebellion in central and western Massachusetts (mainly Springfield) from 1786 to 1787. The rebellion is named after Daniel Shays, a veteran of the American Revolution who led the rebels, also known as "Shaysites" or "Regulators". Most of the rebels were poor farmers angered by their debt and taxes. They could not pay their taxes and were afraid of going to jail or having their homes taken away from them.

They tried to stop the courts from taking property from indebted farmers by forcing the closure of courts in western Massachusetts. The participants in Shays' Rebellion believed they were acting in the spirit of the American Revolution, modeled their tactics after the crowd activities of the 1760s and the 1770s, and used "liberty poles" and "liberty trees" to symbolize their cause.

Shays' Rebellion started on August 29, 1786, and by January 1787, over 1000 rebels had been arrested. A militia, which had been raised as a private army, defeated an attack on the federal Springfield Armory by the main rebel force on February 3, 1787.

Shays' Rebellion produced fears that the American Revolution's democratic impulse had gotten out of hand. Over time, the farmers grew into armies, controlled by Shays and his men, as they tried to take back their rights.
Daniel Shays had participated in the Northampton action and began to take a more active role in the uprising in November, though he firmly denied that he was one of its leaders. The Supreme Judicial Court of Massachusetts indicted 11 leaders of the rebellion as "disorderly, riotous, and seditious persons". The court was scheduled to meet next in Springfield, on September 26, and Shays organized an attempt to shut it down in Northampton, while Luke Day organized an attempt in Springfield. They were anticipated by William Shepard, the local militia commander, who began gathering militiamen the Saturday before the court was to sit, and he had 300 men protecting the Springfield courthouse by opening time. Shays and Day were able to recruit a similar number but chose only to demonstrate, exercising their troops outside of Shepard's lines rather than attempting to seize the building.

Warrants were issued for the arrest of several of the protest ringleaders, and a posse of around 300 men rode to Groton on November 28 to arrest Job Shattuck and other rebel leaders in the area. Shattuck was chased down and arrested on the 30th and was wounded by a sword slash in the process. This action and the arrest of other protest leaders in the eastern parts of the state angered those in the west, and they began to organize an overthrow of the state government. "The seeds of war are now sown", wrote one correspondent in Shrewsbury, and by mid-January rebel leaders spoke of smashing the "tyrannical government of Massachusetts".
## References
The Pretty Reckless

**The Pretty Reckless** is an American rock band from New York City. The band's lead singer is Taylor Momsen, who is also a rhythm guitarist. Mark Damon is the band's bassist, Jamie Perkins is the drummer and Ben Phillips is a guitarist, The band formed (began) in 2008. Their debut single, "Make Me Wanna Die" was released in late May and was #1 on the UK Rock Chart. Their first album *Light Me Up* is set to release on August 31, 2010. The band's influences come from grunge rock such as Nirvana, Soundgarden and Courtney Love who fronted the rock band Hole. Other important influences are Joan Jett and Cherie Currie from The Runaways.

Original Songs by The Pretty Reckless:
* My Medicine
* Since You're Gone
* Make Me Wanna Die
* Light Me Up
* Just Tonight
* Miss Nothing
* Goin' Down
* Nothing Left To Lose
* Factory Girl
* You
* Far From Never
* Haven knows
* Going to hell
* Everybody Wants Something From Me
* Zombie
* Hit Me Like A Man
* Under The Water
* Cold Blooded
* A.D.D.
* Blender
* Blonde Rebellion
* He Loves You
* Heart
* Panic
* Sleeze Sister
* Superhero
* Shut Up Slut
* Void And Null
* Bleeding
* Chaotic Sanity
* Ugly People
* Where Did Jesus Go?
* We're All In Love
Palm Island (Miami Beach)

**Palm Island** is a man-made island in Biscayne Bay in the city of Miami Beach, Florida, United States.  Palm Island lies just south of Hibiscus Island.  It is a residential area, the site of exclusive neighborhoods and multi-million dollar homes.  The island is accessible via the MacArthur Causeway. 

## Famous people who lived there 
* Al Capone
* Scott Storch
* Louis L. Gregory

## Other websites 
*Photo 
*Location of Palm Island 
*Google Maps
Yorktown, Virginia

**Yorktown** is a place in Virginia.  It is the county seat of York County, though it only has 220 people living there.  It is most known for the Battle of Yorktown, between American/French troops under George Washington and Jean Rochambeau, and British troops under Charles Cornwallis.   

The British lost the battle, and had to surrender.  This led to the British giving up the American colonies.  A battle in the American Civil War was also fought there and was won by the Confederates. 

Yorktown was named for the city of York in Yorkshire, Northern England. It was founded in 1691.

Today, it is unincorporated.
Johnny Torrio

**John "Papa Johnny" Torrio**, also known as "The Fox" (February 1882 – April 16, 1957) was an Italian-born American mobster who helped make the criminal empire known as the Chicago Outfit in the 1920s. Torrio would later give the Chicago Outfit to Al Capone. He also thought of the National Crime Syndicate in the 1930s and later became an  to the Genovese crime family.

He was shot several times in 1925. He died of a heart attack in Brooklyn in 1957.
The Mystery of Al Capone's Vault

'''''The Mystery of Al Capone's Vault''''' was a one-time live American television special broadcast in April of 1986. It was hosted by Geraldo Rivera. The program was about the opening of a secret vault once owned by Al Capone. The program is best known for the vault being empty except for a few pieces of trash.

## Other websites
* 
* Al Capone's Vault on TV Acres. Retrieved July 8, 2006.
* Geraldo Rivera  on the Museum of Broadcast Communications by Susan Murray. Retrieved July 8, 2006.
* The Lexington Hotel  on Prairie Ghosts in 2003 by Troy Taylor. Retrieved July 8, 2006.
* Al Capone on the FBI homepage. Retrieved August 30th., 2010.
Chromium chloride

**Chromium chloride** may refer to:
*Chromium(II) chloride, also known as chromous chloride.
*Chromium(III) chloride, also known as chromic chloride or chromium trichloride.
*Chromium(IV) chloride
2006 Copiapó mining accident

On January 20, 2006, an explosion occurred in the underground copper mine of Carola-Agustina in Copiapó, Chile, shortly after two trucks collided, covering the only escape route for the miners inside the mine.

The explosion caused two deaths, two injured and 70 miners stayed trapped for 7 hours.

## Effects 
At the nearby mine, "Punta de Cobre", miners constructed a tunnel to allow evacuations in case of emergencies, after the explosion.

## Related pages
* 2010 Copiapó mining accident

## References
John Alcock (bishop)

of **John Alcock** in Worcester Cathedral]]
**John Alcock** (c. 1430 – 1 October 1500) was an English churchman.

He was born at Beverley in Yorkshire, son of Sir William Alcock, Burgess of Kingston upon Hull and educated at Cambridge. In 1461 he was made dean of Westminster, and his subsequent promotion was rapid in both church and state. In  1461 he was made *Master of the Rolls*, and in 1470 was sent as ambassador to the court of Castile. He became Bishop of Rochester on 15 March, Bishop of Worcester on 15 July 1476 and of Ely on 6 October 1486. He was Lord Chancellor, once from June 1475 to September 1475 and then again from October 1485 to March 1487.

Alcock was one of the leading pre-Reformation churchmen; he was a man of deep learning and also a great architect. He founded a charity at Beverley and a grammar school at Kingston upon Hull. He restored many churches and colleges, but his greatest achievement was the building of Jesus College, Cambridge.

Alcock died on 1 October 1500 and lies buried in the Alcock Chantry in Ely Cathedral.

## Notes
## References
* 
*
Copiapó

**Copiapó** is a Chilean town in Region of Atacama. It was founded in December 8, 1744. It is also the capital of Region of Atacama and Province of Copiapó.

## Related pages
* 2006 Copiapó mining accident

## References
Lord Chancellor

The **Lord High Chancellor of Great Britain**, or **Lord Chancellor** is a senior and important functionary in the government of the United Kingdom.  They are the second highest ranking of the Great Officers of State after the Lord High Steward.  The Lord Chancellor is appointed by the Sovereign on the advice of the Prime Minister.  Before the Union there were separate Lord Chancellors of England and Scotland.

Until Tony Blair became Prime Minister the Lord Chancellor was required to be a member of the House of Lords, was its presiding officer, and was Britain's highest-ranking judge. Blair tried to abolish the position and wound up removing some of its responsibilities and dividing others, and now the holder is usually in the House of Commons. The Lord Chancellor remains responsible for the Great Seal and for the efficient functioning and independence of the courts.  The current Lord Chancellor is Shabana Mahmood, who replaced Alex Chalk in 2024.

Formerly, there were separate Chancellors of England, Scotland and Ireland.  When the Kingdom of England and the Kingdom of Scotland united to form the United Kingdom of Great Britain under the Acts of Union 1707 the offices of the Chancellor of England and the Lord Chancellor of Scotland were combined to form a single office of Lord Chancellor of Great Britain for the new state.

## References
## Bibliography
*Campbell, J., 1st Baron. (1868). *Lives of the Lord Chancellors and Keepers of the Great Seal of England From the Earliest Times Till the Reign of King George IV*, 5th ed. London: John Murray.
* Davies, M. (2003). *Companion to the Standing Orders and guide to the Proceedings of the Lords*, 19th ed. 
* Department for Constitutional Affairs. (2003). "Constitutional Reform: Reforming the Office of the Lord Chancellor" 
* House of Lords. (2003–2004). Bill 30 (Constitutional Reform Bill).
*"Lord High Chancellor" (1911). *Encyclopædia Britannica*, 11th ed. London: Cambridge University Press.
Glenn Beck

**Glenn Edward Lee Beck** (born February 10, 1964) is an American conservative radio and television show host. He was born in Everett, Washington. His television show, *The Glenn Beck Program*, has been played on Fox News Channel and on CNN's Headline News. However, in April 2011, the Fox News Channel said it would stop showing Beck's show later that year. The show was cancelled in June 2011 and was replaced by *The Five*. He now has an online site called TheBlaze (it was called GBTV) where he does shows that people can pay to see.

## Popularity
Over 9 million people listen to his radio show every day. Usually, between 2 and 3 million people watch his television show every day.

Although Beck's show is very popular, not everybody agrees with his views. He has been criticized for calling Barack Obama a racist

## Personal life
Beck is a member of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.

### Health
Beck has been addicted to drugs and alcohol. He has attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. On November 10, 2014, Beck announced on TheBlaze that he had been suffering from a severe neurological disorder for at least the last five years.

## References
## Other websites
Haruki Nakamura

**Haruki Robert Nakamura** (born April 18, 1986 in Elyria, Ohio) is an Japanese-American former professional football safety. He play for 5 years in the National Football League (NFL). He played for the Baltimore Ravens and Carolina Panthers. Nakamura was drafted out of the University of Cincinnati by the Baltimore Ravens with the 206th pick in the sixth round of the 2008 NFL Draft and played with them from 2008 to 2011. His mother Karen was a fourth degree black belt and his father Ryozo was an eighth degree black belt. Nakamura has two brothers named Mako and Yoshi and a sister named Kimi.

On March 16, 2012, Nakamura signed a three-year contract with the Carolina Panthers. In August 2013, Nakamura suffered a concussion during a preseason game and was forced to retire afterwards. He tried to apply for the Player Retirement Plan from the NFL but was denied. Nakamura sued the insurer Lloyd's of London for damages.

## References
## Other websites
*Haruki Nakamura at nfl.com
Chromium(II) chloride

**Chromium(II) chloride** is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is CrCl2. It is a white crystalline chemical. It dissolves in water to produce a bright blue solution. It is a strong reducing agent. If the water has a little acid in it, hydrogen is produced. If the water has a little base in it, chromium(II) oxide is produced. The water needs to be very pure. 

It is made by reacting chromium(III) chloride and hydrogen at a high temperature. It can also be made by reduction of chromium(III) chloride with zinc. It is used in science research. 

## Related pages 
*Chromium(III) oxide
*Chromium(VI) oxide