July 2

## Events 
### Up to 1900 
* 437 &ndash; Emperor Valentinian III begins his reign over the Western Roman Empire.
* 626 &ndash; China: Li Shimin, the future Emperor Taizong of Tang, ambushes and kills his rival brothers Li Yuanji and Li Jiancheng in the Xuanwu Gate Incident.
* 706 &ndash; In China, Emperor Zhongzhong of Tang inters  the bodies of relatives in the Qianling Mausoleum, located on Mount Liang, outside Chang'an.
* 1266 &ndash; The Treaty of Perth settles a territorial dispute between Scotland and Norway over the Hebrides and the Isle of Man.
* 1494 &ndash; The Treaty of Tordesillas is ratified by Spain.
* 1555 &ndash; The Ottoman admiral Turgut Reis sacks the city of Paola.
* 1561 &ndash; Menas, Emperor of Ethiopia defeats a revolt in Emfraz.
* 1578 &ndash; Martin Frobisher becomes the first European to reach Baffin Island.
* 1582 &ndash; Battle of Yamazaki: Toyotomo Hideyoshi defeats Akechi Mitsuhide.
* 1644 &ndash; English Civil War: Battle of Marston Moor.
* 1679 &ndash; Europeans visit present-day Minnesota for the first time.
* 1698 &ndash; Thomas Savery patents the first steam engine.
* 1767 &ndash; Philip Carteret's expedition discovers Pitcairn Island in the Southern Pacific Ocean, naming it after sea cadet Robert Pitcairn, who first sighted it.
* 1776 &ndash; The Continental Congress adopts a resolution, severing ties with Great Britain.
* 1777 &ndash; Vermont abolishes Slavery.
* 1823 &ndash; Bahia Independence Day: End of Portuguese rule in Brazil.
* 1839 &ndash; Near Cuba, 53 rebelling African slaves take over the ship, *Amistad*.
* 1853 &ndash; The Russian Army crosses the Pruth River into the Danubian Principalities – Moldavia and Wallachia – the final spark that set off the Crimean War.
* 1860 &ndash; The Russian city of Vladivostok is founded as a naval post.
* 1871 &ndash; Victor Emmanuel II of Italy enters Rome, having conquered it from the Papal States.
* 1881 &ndash; Charles J. Guiteau shoots US President James A. Garfield, who dies of an infection on September 19.
* 1897 &ndash; Guglielmo Marconi gets a patent for the radio in London.
* 1900 &ndash; The first Zeppelin flight takes place on Lake Constance, near Friedrichshafen, Southern Germany.

### 1901 &ndash; 2000 
* 1921 &ndash; World War I: US President Warren G. Harding signs the Knox-Porter Resolution, formally ending the US' state of war with Imperial Germany.
* 1928 &ndash; British women over the age of 21 are given the right to vote.
* 1934 &ndash; The Night of the Long Knives, Adolf Hitler's purge of his political rivals, ends with the death of Ernst Roehm.
* 1937 &ndash; Amelia Earhart and Fred Noonan go missing while flying over the Pacific Ocean. No remains are ever found, and many conspiracy theories have come out of their disappearance.
* 1940 &ndash; Indian independence leader Subhas Chandra Bose is arrested and detained in Calcutta.
* 1950 &ndash; The Golden Pavilion at Kinkaku-ji in Kyoto, Japan, burns down.
* 1962 &ndash; The first Wal-Mart store opens in Rodgers, Arkansas.
* 1964 &ndash; US President Lyndon B. Johnson signs the Civil Rights Act of 1964.
* 1966 &ndash; France carries out its first nuclear test at Mururoa Atoll in the South Pacific Ocean.
* 1974 &ndash; A magnitude 7.4 earthquake strikes Iran, killing 1,200 people.
* 1976 &ndash; Fall of the Republic of Vietnam.
* 1990 &ndash; A mass panic in a pedestrian tunnel in Mecca, Saudi Arabia, kills 1,427 people who were there for the Hajj pilgrimage.
* 1994 &ndash; Andrés Escobar, Colombian footballer, is shot dead. The killer's motive was his own goal in the FIFA World Cup.
* 2000 &ndash; Vicente Fox is elected President of Mexico.
* 2000 &ndash; The France national football team wins UEFA Euro 2000, defeating the Italy national football team 2–1 in extra time.

### From 2001 
* 2002 &ndash; Steve Fossett becomes the first person to travel solo around the world in a hot-air balloon.
* 2003 &ndash; Italian Prime Minister Silvio Berlusconi insults German MEP Martin Schulz, comparing him to a Concentration camp guard.
* 2005 &ndash; Live 8 concerts take place worldwide.
* 2008 &ndash; After a captivity of more than six years, Ingrid Betancourt is released from FARC Guerrillas in Colombia.
* 2010 &ndash; A tanker explosion in the Eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo kills more than 230 people.
* 2011 &ndash; Albert II, Prince of Monaco marries Charlene Wittstock.
* 2011 &ndash; Petra Kvitova wins the Women's Singles tennis title at Wimbledon, defeating Maria Sharapova 6–3, 6–4.
* 2015 &ndash; A ferry capsizes  in Ormoc, Leyte, Philippines, killing 62 people.
* 2016 &ndash; A terrorist attack and hostage taking in Dhaka, Bangladesh, results in the deaths of 20 people, mainly non-Bangladeshi citizens.
* 2016 &ndash; Tennis: In a shock result, multiple Grand Slam champion Novak Djokovic is knocked out in the third round at Wimbledon, losing to Sam Querrey in four sets.

## Births 
### Up to 1900 
* 419 &ndash; Valentinian III, Roman Emperor (d. 455)
* 1262 &ndash; Arthur II, Duke of Brittany (d. 1312)
* 1363 &ndash; Maria, Queen of Sicily (d. 1401)
* 1486 &ndash; Jacopo Sansovino, Italian sculptor and architect (d. 1570)
* 1489 &ndash; Thomas Cranmer, Archbishop of Canterbury (d. 1556)
* 1644 &ndash; Abraham a Santa Clara, German theologian and writer (d. 1709)
* 1648 &ndash; Arp Schnitger, German organ builder (d. 1719)
* 1667 &ndash; Pietro Ottoboni, Italian cardinal (d. 1740)
* 1698 &ndash; Francesco III d'Este, Duke of Modena (d. 1780)
* 1714 &ndash; Christoph Willibald von Gluck, German composer (d. 1787)
* 1724 &ndash; Friedrich Gottlieb Klopstock, German poet (d. 1803)
* 1790 &ndash; Leopold, Prince of Salerno (d. 1851)
* 1807 &ndash; Arthur Conolly, British traveler, military and diplomat (d. 1842)
* 1819 &ndash; Charles-Louis Hanon, French pianist and composer (d. 1900)
* 1819 &ndash; Thomas Anderson, Scottish chemist (d. 1874)
* 1821 &ndash; Charles Tupper, shortest-serving Prime Minister of Canada (d. 1915)
* 1824 &ndash; Juan N. Méndez, President of Mexico (d. 1895)
* 1841 &ndash; Alexander Mikhaylovich Zaitsev, Russian chemist (d. 1910)
* 1843 &ndash; Antonio Labriola, Italian philosopher (d. 1904)
* 1849 &ndash; Maria Theresa of Austria-Este (d. 1919)
* 1855 &ndash; Louis Maxson, American archer (d. 1916)
* 1862 &ndash; William Henry Bragg, English physicist (d. 1942)
* 1865 &ndash; Lily Braun, German author (d. 1916)
* 1869 &ndash; Liane de Pougy, French dancer (d. 1950)
* 1874 &ndash; Pedro Paulet, Peruvian scientist (d. 1945)
* 1876 &ndash; Harriet Brooks, Canadian physicist (d. 1933)
* 1876 &ndash; Wilhelm Cuno, Chancellor of Germany (d. 1933)
* 1877 &ndash; Hermann Hesse, German writer (d. 1962)
* 1881 &ndash; Royal Hurlburt Weller, American lawyer and politician (d. 1929)
* 1882 &ndash; Marie Bonaparte, French psychoanalyst and writer (d. 1962)
* 1884 &ndash; Alfons Maria Jakob, German neurologist (d. 1931)
* 1896 &ndash; Lydia Mei, Estonian painter (d. 1965)

### 1901 &ndash; 1950 
* 1902 &ndash; Germaine Thyssens-Valentin, Dutch pianist (d. 1987)
* 1903 &ndash; King Olav V of Norway (d. 1991)
* 1903 &ndash; Alec Douglas-Home, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1995)
* 1904 &ndash; René Lacoste, French tennis player and businessman (d. 1996)
* 1906 &ndash; Hans Bethe, German physicist (d. 2005)
* 1906 &ndash; Séra Martin, French runner (d. 1993) 
* 1908 &ndash; Thurgood Marshall, United States Supreme Court Justice (d. 1993)
* 1911 &ndash; Reg Parnell, English racing driver (d. 1964)
* 1914 &ndash; Frederick Fennell, American conductor (d. 2004)
* 1914 &ndash; Mario Schenberg, Brazilian physicist (d. 1990)
* 1914 &ndash; Alois Andritzki, German priest and martyr (d. 1943)
* 1915 &ndash; Arthur Valerian Wellesley, 8th Duke of Wellington, English nobleman (d. 2014)
* 1916 &ndash; Ken Curtis, American actor and singer (d. 1991)
* 1916 &ndash; Hans-Ulrich Rudel, German colonel and pilot (d. 1982)
* 1917 &ndash; André Lafargue, French journalist (d. 2017)
* 1917 &ndash; Murry Wilson, American songwriter and record producer (d. 1973)
* 1922 &ndash; Pierre Cardin, Italian-French fashion designer
* 1923 &ndash; Wislawa Szymborska, Polish poet (d. 2012)
* 1925 &ndash; Patrice Lumumba, Congolese politician (d. 1961)
* 1925 &ndash; Medgar Evans, American civil rights activist (d. 1963)
* 1927 &ndash; Brock Peters, American actor (d. 2005)
* 1928 &ndash; Line Renaud, French singer and actress
* 1929 &ndash; Imelda Marcos, former First Lady of the Philippines
* 1930 &ndash; Carlos Menem, former President of Argentina (d. 2021)
* 1930 &ndash; Ahmad Jamal, American jazz pianist
* 1932 &ndash; Dave Thomas, founder of Wendy's fast food chain (d. 2002)
* 1935 &ndash; Alain Berbérian, Lebanese-born French film director and screenwriter (d. 2017)
* 1936 &ndash; Omar Suleiman, Vice President of Egypt (d. 2012)
* 1937 &ndash; Polly Holliday, American actress
* 1937 &ndash; Richard Petty, American racing driver
* 1938 &ndash; David Owen, British politician
* 1939 &ndash; Alexandros Panagoulis, Greek politician and poet (d. 1976)
* 1940 &ndash; Robert Broberg, Swedish singer and songwriter (d. 2015)
* 1940 &ndash; Christopher Awdry, son of Wilbert Awdry
* 1940 &ndash; Kenneth Clarke, British politician
* 1942 &ndash; Vicente Fox, former President of Mexico
* 1943 &ndash; Iva Eenmaa, Estonian politician
* 1943 &ndash; Walter Godefroot, Belgian singer
* 1946 &ndash; Richard Axel, American neuroscientist
* 1946 &ndash; Ron Silver, American actor (d. 2009)
* 1947 &ndash; Larry David, American television producer
* 1947 &ndash; Ann Taylor, Baroness Taylor of Bolton, English politician
* 1949 &ndash; Roy Bittan, American musician (E Street Band)

### 1951 &ndash; 1975 
* 1952 &ndash; Ahmed Ouyahia, former Prime Minister of Algeria
* 1953 &ndash; Jean-Claude Borelly, French trumpeter and composer
* 1953 &ndash; Mark Hart, American guitarist and keyboardist
* 1954 &ndash; Pete Briquette, Irish bass player, songwriter and producer
* 1954 &ndash; Chris Huhne, British politician
* 1954 &ndash; Wendy Schaal, American actress
* 1957 &ndash; Bret Hart, Canadian professional wrestler
* 1959 &ndash; Mirandinha, Brazilian footballer
* 1960 &ndash; Maria Lourdes Sereno, Filipina lawyer
* 1961 &ndash; Samy Naceri, French actor
* 1963 &ndash; Mark Kermode, English movie critic
* 1964 &ndash; José Canseco, Cuban-American baseball player
* 1964 &ndash; Ozzie Canseco, Cuban-American baseball player
* 1964 &ndash; Doug Benson, American stand-up comedian and actor
* 1964 &ndash; Alan Tait, Scottish rugby player and coach
* 1966 &ndash; Jean-François Richet, French director, producer and screenwriter
* 1967 &ndash; Claudio Biaggio, Argentine footballer
* 1969 &ndash; Jenni Rivera, American singer-songwriter, producer and actress (d. 2012)
* 1971 &ndash; Bryan Redpath, Scottish rugby player and coach
* 1971 &ndash; Samantha Giles, English actress
* 1972 &ndash; Darren Shan, Irish author
* 1973 &ndash; Peter Kay, English comedian
* 1974 &ndash; Rocky Gray, American drummer, guitarist and songwriter

### From 1976 
* 1977 &ndash; Carl Froch, English boxer
* 1978 &ndash; Jüri Ratas, Estonian politician, Prime Minister of Estonia
* 1978 &ndash; Owain Yeoman, Welsh actor
* 1979 &ndash; Walter Davis, American triple jumper
* 1979 &ndash; Joe Thornton, Canadian ice hockey player
* 1980 &ndash; Alexander Petersson, Latvian–Icelandic handball player
* 1980 &ndash; Rachel Brown, English footballer
* 1983 &ndash; Michelle Branch, American singer, songwriter and guitarist
* 1984 &ndash; Ryan Keely, American pornographic actress, columnist and model
* 1984 &ndash; Maarten Martens, Belgian footballer
* 1984 &ndash; Johnny Weir, American figure skater
* 1985 &ndash; Corey Bringas, American actor
* 1985 &ndash; Vlatko Ilievski, Macedonian singer (d. 2018)
* 1985 &ndash; Ashley Tisdale, American actress and singer
* 1986 &ndash; Lindsay Lohan, American actress
* 1987 &ndash; Ruslana Korshunova, Kazakhstani model (d. 2008)
* 1988 &ndash; Lee Chung-Yong, South Korean footballer
* 1988 &ndash; Porta, Spanish rapper
* 1989 &ndash; Dev, American singer-songwriter and rapper
* 1989 &ndash; Alex Morgan, American soccer player
* 1990 &ndash; Roman Lob, German singer
* 1990 &ndash; Margot Robbie, Australian actress
* 1990 &ndash; Danny Rose, English footballer
* 1992 &ndash; Madison Chock, American ice dancer
* 1993 &ndash; Deysi Cori, Peruvian chess player

## Deaths 
### Up to 1900 
* 626 &ndash; Li Jiancheng, Chinese prince (b. 589)
* 626 &ndash; Li Yuanji, Chinese prince (b. 603)
* 649 &ndash; Li Jing, Chinese general (b. 571)
* 862 &ndash; Swithun, Anglo-Saxon bishop of Winchester (b. 789)
* 1298 &ndash; Adolf, King of Germany (b. 1220)
* 1504 &ndash; Stephen III of Moldavia (b. 1434)
* 1566 &ndash; Nostradamus, French astrologer (b. 1503)
* 1591 &ndash; Vincenzo Galilei, Italian lute player and composer (b. 1520)
* 1621 &ndash; Thomas Harriot, English astronomer and mathematician (b. 1560)
* 1743 &ndash; Spencer Compton, 1st Earl of Wilmington, Prime Minister of Great Britain (b. 1673)
* 1778 &ndash; Jean-Jacques Rousseau, French philosopher (b. 1712)
* 1822 &ndash; Denmark Vesey, freed slave (b. 1767) (hanged)
* 1833 &ndash; Gervasio Antonio de Posadas, Argentine politician (b. 1757)
* 1843 &ndash; Samuel Hahnemann, German physician (b. 1755)
* 1850 &ndash; Robert Peel, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1788)
* 1857 &ndash; Carlo Pisacane, Italian patriot and philosopher (b. 1818)

### 1901 &ndash; 2000 
* 1903 &ndash; Ed Delahanty, American baseball player (b. 1867)
* 1914 &ndash; Joseph Chamberlain, English businessman and politician (b. 1836)
* 1915 &ndash; Porfirio Díaz, President of Mexico (b. 1830)
* 1916 &ndash; Louis Maxson, American archer (b. 1855)
* 1929 &ndash; Gladys Brockwell, American actress (b. 1893)
* 1931 &ndash; Peter Kürten, German serial killer (b. 1883) 
* 1932 &ndash; King Manuel II of Portugal (b. 1889)
* 1934 &ndash; Ernst Roehm, Nazi politician (b. 1887)
* 1934 &ndash; Henry Hollis Horton, American politician, 40th Governor of Tennessee (b. 1866)
* 1937 &ndash; Amelia Earhart, American pilot (b. 1897)
* 1937 &ndash; Fred Noonan, American aviator (b. 1893)
* 1946 &ndash; Mary Alden, American actress (b. 1883)
* 1949 &ndash; Georgi Dimitrov, Bulgarian politician (b. 1882)
* 1950 &ndash; Thomas William Burgess, English swimmer (b. 1872)
* 1961 &ndash; Ernest Hemingway, American writer (b. 1899)
* 1966 &ndash; Jan Brzechwa, Polish poet and author (b. 1900)
* 1969 &ndash; Michael DiBiase, Italian-American professional wrestler (b. 1923)
* 1972 &ndash; Joseph Fielding Smith, American Mormon Church leader (b. 1876)
* 1973 &ndash; Betty Grable, American actress (b. 1916)
* 1977 &ndash; Vladimir Nabokov, Russian writer (b. 1899)
* 1986 &ndash; Peanuts Lowrey, American baseball player and manager (b. 1917)
* 1989 &ndash; Andrei Gromyko, Soviet politician (b. 1909)
* 1991 &ndash; Lee Remick, American actress (b. 1935)
* 1994 &ndash; Andrés Escobar, Colombian footballer (b. 1967)
* 1997 &ndash; James Stewart, American actor (b. 1908)
* 1999 &ndash; Mario Puzo, American writer (b. 1920)

### From 2001 
* 2007 &ndash; Beverly Sills, American operatic soprano (b. 1929)
* 2010 &ndash; Beryl Bainbridge, British writer (b. 1932)
* 2010 &ndash; Laurent Terzieff, French actor (b. 1935)
* 2011 &ndash; Itamar Franco, 33rd President of Brazil (b. 1930)
* 2013 &ndash; Douglas Engelbart, American computer scientist (b. 1925)
* 2013 &ndash; Princess Fawzia Fuad of Egypt (b. 1921)
* 2013 &ndash; Anthony Llywellyn, Welsh-American astronaut (b. 1933)
* 2014 &ndash; Errie Ball, Welsh-American golfer (b. 1910)
* 2014 &ndash; Chad Brown, American poker player and actor (b. 1961)
* 2014 &ndash; Louis Zamperini, American athlete and writer (b. 1917)
* 2015 &ndash; Jacobo Zabludovsky, Mexican journalist (b. 1928)
* 2015 &ndash; Charlie Sanders, American football player (b. 1946)
* 2015 &ndash; James C. Weaver, American football player (b. 1945)
* 2015 &ndash; Slavko Avsenik, Slovenian composer and musician (b. 1929)
* 2016 &ndash; Caroline Aherne, English actress, comedienne and writer (b. 1963)
* 2016 &ndash; Roscoe Brown, American World War II veteran (b. 1922)
* 2016 &ndash; Michael Cimino, American screenwriter and director (b. 1939)
* 2016 &ndash; Roger Dumas, French comedian and actor (b. 1932)
* 2016 &ndash; Patrick Manning, 4th and 6th Prime Minister of Trinidad and Tobago (b. 1946)
* 2016 &ndash; Robert Nye, British poet (b. 1939)
* 2016 &ndash; Michel Rocard, former Prime Minister of France (b. 1930)
* 2016 &ndash; Jack C. Taylor, American businessman (b. 1922)
* 2016 &ndash; Elie Wiesel, Romanian-American activist and writer (b. 1928)
* 2017 &ndash; Smith Hart, American-Canadian professional wrestler (b. 1948)
* 2017 &ndash; Jack Collom, American poet (b. 1931)
* 2017 &ndash; Vladimir Malaniuk, Ukrainian chess player (b. 1957)
* 2017 &ndash; Chris Roberts, German singer (b. 1944)
* 2017 &ndash; Tatiana Zatulovskaya, Soviet-born Israeli chess player (b. 1935)
* 2017 &ndash; Ataullah Behmanesh, Iranian wrestler and sports journalist (b. 1923)
* 2017 &ndash; Minos Kyriakou, Greek businessman (b. 1942)
* 2017 &ndash; Bert Rossi, English gangster (b. 1922)
* 2018 &ndash; Henry Butler, American jazz musician (b. 1949)
* 2018 &ndash; Bill Watrous, American jazz trombonist (b. 1939)

## Observances 
* Canada Day (observed on this date if July 1 is a Sunday)
* Bahia Independence Day (Brazil)