open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Jane (German band)

**Jane** was a German rock band. The band formed in October 1970 in Hanover. In 1973, their album *Here We Are* was very popular.

## Discography
### Vinyl
* *Together* (1972)
* *Here we are* (1973)
* *Jane III* (1974)
* *Lady* (1975)
* *Fire, Water, Earth and Air* (1976)
* *Live at Home* (1976)
* *Between Heaven and Hell* (1977)
* *Age of Madness* (1978)
* *Sign No. 9* (1979)
* *Jane (Mask)* (1980)
* *Germania* (1981)
* *Warlock Rock Ballet soundtrack (feat. Lady Jane)* (1983)
* *Beautiful Lady* (1986)
* ''Live '88* (1989)
* *Live '89* (1990)

### CDs
* *Together* (1990)
* *Here we are* (1997)
* *Jane III* (1997)
* *Lady* (1997)
* *Fire, Water, Earth and Air* (1990)
* *Live at home* (1992)
* *Between Heaven and Hell* (1997)
* *Age of madness* (1997)
* *Sign No. 9* (1997)
* *Jane (Maske)* (1997)
* *Germania* (1997)
* *Beautiful Lady* (1993)
* *Live '89* (1990)
* *Resurrection (Pano's Jane)* (1996)
* *Comes alive (Klaus Hess/Mother Jane)* (2000)
* *Back again (Lady Jane)* (2000)
* *Genuine* (2002)
* *Live 2002 (Peter Panka's Jane)* (2002)
* *Shine On (Peter Panka's Jane)* (2003)
* *Voices (Peter Panka's Jane)* (2006)
* *Live At META's (Peter Panka's Jane)* (2007)
* *Tribute to Peter Panka (Werner Nadolny's Jane)* (2008)
* *Proceed with Memories (Werner Nadolny's Jane)* (2009)
* *In Dreams (Klaus Hess' Jane a.k.a. Mother Jane)* (2009)
* *Traces (Peter Panka's Jane)* (2009)
* *Hungry4Live (Klaus Hess' Jane a.k.a. Mother Jane)* (2010)
* *Hungry4Live part 2 (Klaus Hess' Jane a.k.a. Mother Jane)* (2010)
* *The Journey - Best of Jane '70-'80 (Werner Nadolny's Jane)* (2010)
* *Eternity (Werner Nadolny's Jane)* (2011)
* *Kuxan Suum (Peter Panka's Jane)* (2011)

### Singles
* *Daytime* (1972)
* *Here we are* (1973)
* *Bambule Rock* (1974)
* *Age of madness* (1978)
* *Love Song* (1978)
* *Beautiful lady (Maxi-Single)* (1986)
* *Together we stand (Mother Jane)* (1998)

### Compilations
* *Waiting for the sunshine* (1979)
* *Rock on brain (2 LP)* (1980)

### DVD
**Krautrock Meeting* (2005)
**Jane - Live 2002 Hannover* (2005)
**Jane - Tribute To Peter Panka* (2008)
**Phoenix* (2008)
**Jane - Inside - (The Cave - Concert)* (2010)
**Jane - Live 2010 / Fernsehkonzert 2010* (2010)
**Jane - Eternity* (2011)
**Jane - Visual Impressions* (2011)
**Jane - Live at home again - Hannover 2011'' (2011)

## Other websites 
*Overview of Jane on AllMusic
* Jane (PP's Jane), official site
* Mother Jane a.k.a. Klaus Hess' Jane, official site
* Jane (WN's Jane), official site
Capital of Korea

:*This article is about the Korean national capital in general. For the current capital, see Seoul or Pyongyang.*

The **capital of Korea** has been in many locations during the history of the Korean peninsula.  Today there are two Koreas, each with its own capital city:  
* Seoul is the capital of the Republic of Korea (ROK), also known as South Korea
* Pyongyang is the capital of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK), also known as North Korea

Since the end of World War II, there have been two countries or  divided Korea:  If reunification were to take place someday, alternate prospects for the capital city, along with Seoul and Pyŏngyang,are Sejong City in South Korea and Kaesong in North Korea.

## History
;During the Gojoseon period
The Go-Joseon period  from 2333 BC to 108 BC.
* Unknown — first capital
* Pyongyang — second capital (post 400 BC)
;During the Three Kingdoms period
The Three Kingdoms period lasted from 57 BC to AD 676
* Gungnae-seong – second capital of Goguryeo
* Pyongyang – third capital of Goguryeo
* Wiryeseong – first capital of Baekje
* Ungjin – second capital of Baekje
* Sabi – third capital of Baekje
* Gyeongju – capital of Silla

;During the North-South States Period
* Gyeongju – capital of Silla
 
;During the Joseon Dynasty period
The Joseon Dynasty lasted from 1392 to 1910.
* Hanseong

;During the Japanese colonial period
The Japanese colonial period lasted from 1910 to 1945.
* Seoul

## Modern capitals
* Seoul
* Pyongyang

## References
Jennifer Beals

**Jennifer Beals** was born December 19, 1963 around the Chicago metropolitan area. Her most notable acting role was playing Alexandra Owens for the 1983 film *Flashdance*. She also starred in the Showtime television program *The L Word*. She's been in more than 50 movies over the years.
Red Wing, Minnesota

**Red Wing** is a city in Minnesota on the Mississippi River. It is known for its farming and where the Swiss Mission for Native Americans took place.

## Other websites 
*Information on Red Wing, Minnesota from Infoplease
List of historical capitals of Egypt

:*This article is about the Egyptian national capital in general. For the current capital, see Cairo.*

The **Capital of Egypt** is Cairo. In the course of history, the national capital has been in many locations other than Cairo.

## History
### List of Egyptian capitals 
The capitals of Egypt in chronological order begin with Thinis (pre-2950 BC)

#### I-VIII dynasties
* Memphis: (2950 BC - 2180 BC) 
 
#### IX and X dynasties
* Herakleopolis: (2180 BC - 2063BC)

#### XI dynasty
* Thebes: (2135 BC - 1985 BC)

#### XII dynasty
* Itjtawy: (1985 BC - 1785 BC) 

#### XIII dynasty
* Thebes: (1785 BC - 1650 BC)

#### XIV dynasty
* Xois: (1715 BC - 1650 BC) 

#### XV dynasty
* Avaris: (1650 BC - 1580 BC) 
 
#### XVI dynasty
* unknown (perhaps in Kingdom of Kush)

#### XVII-XVIII dynasties
* Thebes: (1650 BC - c. 1353 BC)  
* Akhetaten: (c. 1353 BC - c. 1332 BC)
  
#### XVIII-XIX dynasties
* Thebes: (c. 1332 BC - 1279 BC)   
* Memphis

#### XIX-XX dynasties
* Pi-Ramesses: (1279 BC - 1078 BC)

#### XXI dynasty
* Tanis: (1078 BC - 945 BC) 

#### XXII dynasty 
* Bubastis: (945 BC - 715 BC)  

#### XXIII dynasty
* Tanis: (818 BC - 715 BC) 
 
#### XXIV dynasty
* Sais: (725 BC - 715 BC) 

#### XXV dynasty 
* Napata/Memphis (715 BC - 664 BC)

#### XXVI-XXVII dynasties
* Sais: (664 BC - 525 BC)
 
#### XXVIII dynasty
* Sais: (404 BC - 399 BC) 

#### XXIX dynasty
* Mendes: (399 BC - 380 BC) 

#### XXX dynasty
* Sebennytos: (380 BC - 343 BC) 
 
#### XXXI dynasty
* Alexandria: (332 BC - 641 AD)
* Al-Fustat: (641 AD - 750 AD)
* Al-Askar: (750 - 868 AD)
* Al-Qatta'i: (868 - 905 AD)  
* Al-Fustat: (905 - 969 AD)
* Al-Qahira (Cairo): the present capital (969 AD - Present)

## References
Naniwa-kyō

, also called **Naniwa no Tsu**,  was an ancient Imperial capital of Japan in the 7th and 8th centuries.  It was located in present-day Osaka.

## History
Naniwa was founded by Emperor Temmu in 683.
* **745** (*Tenpyō 17*): Shōmu built a palace named Shigaraki no Miya
* **745** (*Tenpyō 17*): The court and the capital moves to Heijō Kyō.

### Archeology
In 1957, traces of ancient palaces were found. Other archaeological site was discovered in 2006.

## Related pages
* Capital of Japan

## References 
## Other websites 
* Osaka City Cultural Properties Association
Kuni-kyō

, also called **Kuni no miyako**, was an ancient Imperial capital of Japan between 740 and 744. It was in present-day Kizugawa in Kyoto Prefecture.  

## History
The new capital of Emperor Shōmu was built by Tachibana no Moroe. in what became the town Kizu. 

The city of Kuni-kyō was not completed.  The court and capital moved to Naniwa-kyō (Osaka) after only four years.

## Archeology
Studies of the archaeological site suggest the location of the main buildings.  The city was laid out in a . The area of palace is estimated to have been 500+ meters wide and 700+ meters long.

## Related pages
* Capital of Japan

## References
First Spaceship on Venus

***First Spaceship on Venus*** is a science fiction movie that came out in 1959. It is rated PG for parental guidance. It is 130 minutes long. It is directed by Kurt Maetzig.

## Other websites 
*
Sribhargavaraghaviyam

***Śrībhārgavarāghavīyam*** () (2002), meaning *Of Parashurama and Rama*, is a Sanskrit epic poem (Mahākāvya) made by Jagadguru Rambhadracharya (1950–) in 2002. It is made of 2121 verses in 40 Sanskrit and Prakrit metres and is separated into 21 cantos (*Sarga*s) and each contains 101 verses. The epic is the story of the two Rama Avatars – Parashurama and Rama. This is found in the Ramayana and other Hindu books. *Bhārgava* is used for Parashurama, as he was born in the family of the religious teacher Maharishi Bhrigu, while *Rāghava* is used for to Rama as he was born in the royal family of king Raghu. The poet was awarded the Sahitya Akademi Award for Sanskrit in 2005, and many other awards for this work.

A copy of the epic with a Hindi commentary by the poet himself was published by the Jagadguru Rambhadracharya Handicapped University, Chitrakuta, Uttar Pradesh. The book was released by the then prime minister of India, Atal Bihari Vajpayee on October 30, 2002.

## Notes
## Works cited
* 
* 

## Other websites
* A Sanskrit only text of the epic 
* A list of corrections in the published version 
* The single consonant verses from the epic with the Sanskrit commentary by the poet
Capital of France

:*This article is about the French national capital in general. For the current capital, see Paris.*

The **capital of France** is Paris.  In the course of history, the national capital has been in many locations other than Paris.

## History
### List of capitals of France
*Tournai (before 486)
*Soissons (486-ca. 900)
*Paris (900-1419) The residence of the kings of France, but they were consecrated at Reims.
*Orléans (1108) One of the few consecrations of a French monarch to occur outside of Reims occurred at Orléans, when Louis VI the Fat was consecrated in Orléans Cathedral by Daimbert, archbishop of Sens and from 13 December 1560 to 31 January 1561, the French States-General met here. 
*Troyes (1419–1422) For a short time during the Hundred Years' War, the town was the seat of the royal government.
*Bourges (1422–1444) Charles VII was forced to flee from Paris.
*Tours (1444—1527) Louis XI made château de Plessis-lez-Tours his residence.
*Paris (1528—1588) Francis I had established his court in Paris
*Tours (1589—1594) faction of parliamentarians, faithful to the king was sitting at Tours.
*Paris (1594—1661)
*Paris (1661-1682) Paris is the official capital, but Louis XIV disputed that Versalles will be the politic centre.
*Versailles (1682–1715) In 1682, Louis XIV made Versailles his residence. 
*Paris (1715–1722)
*Versailles (1722–1789) On October 5 and 6, 1789, a throng from Paris invaded the castle and forced the royal family to move back to Paris. The National Constituent Assembly followed the king to Paris soon afterward, and Versailles lost its role of capital city.
*Paris (1789–1871)
*Versailles (1871–1879) The French Third Republic established Versailles as its seat of government in March 1871 after the Paris Commune took control of Paris.
*Paris (1879–1914, 1914-1940)
*Bordeaux (September 1914) The French government was relocated from Paris to Bordeaux very briefly during World War I, when it was feared that Paris would soon fall into German hands. These fears were alleviated after the German Army was pushed back at the First Battle of the Marne
*Tours (10–13 June 1940) Tours served as the temporary capital of France during the Second World War after the government fled Paris due to the German advance. 
*Bordeaux (June 1940) The French government was relocated from Paris to Tours then Bordeaux very briefly during World War II, when it became apparent that Paris would soon fall into German hands.
*Vichy (1940-1944) The Parliament abolished the French Third Republic here and replaced it with the French State.
*Paris (1944–present) With the liberation of Paris in 1944, Charles de Gaulle established the Provisional Government of the French Republic, restoring Paris as the French capital.

## References
Dhok Padhal

**Dhok Padhal** () is a village in Jhelum District, Punjab, Pakistan.

## Geography
The village is at 32° 58' 40" North, 73° 30' 40" East and has an altitude of 275 metres (905&nbsp;ft) Falling Rain Genomics and has an area of about .It lies 10&nbsp;km west of Dina, 5&nbsp;km north of Rohtas and 30&nbsp;km north east of Tilla Jogian.

## Related pages
*Dhok padhal map
*school name
Protein Data Bank

The **Protein Data Bank** (**PDB**) is a collection of information about the three dimensional (3-D) structure of large biological molecules, such as proteins and nucleic acids. Biologists and biochemists from around the world send in the data. Most data comes from X-ray crystallography or NMR spectroscopy. Anyone can access the PDB for free online. The Worldwide Protein Data Bank, wwPDB, manages the PDB.

The PDB is useful for scientists studying structural biology and structural genomics. Many scientists have to send their information to the database. Major scientific journals and some funding agencies, such as the National Institutes of Health in the United States have rules telling scientists to send the data to the PDB. The PDB has the original or primary data. Hundreds of other databases reuse the data. These secondary databases organize the information in different ways. For example, both SCOP and CATH put structures into groups organized by type of structure and ideas about how they are related through evolution. Gene ontology puts the data into groups based on genes.
## References
## Related pages
* Database of Molecular Motions
* The Worldwide Protein Data Bank (wwPDB) – parent site to regional hosts (below)
** RCSB Protein Data Bank (USA)
** PDBe (Europe)
** PDBj (Japan)
** BMRB, Biological Magnetic Resonance Data Bank  (USA)
* wwPDB Documentation – documentation on both the PDB and PDBML file formats
* Looking at Structures  – The RCSB's introduction to crystallography
* PDBsum Home Page – Extracts data from other databases about PDB structures.
* Nucleic Acid Database, NDB  – a PDB mirror especially for searching for nucleic acids
* Introductory PDB tutorial sponsored by PDB
Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic

The **Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic** (Azerbaijani: *Азәрбајҹан Совет Сосиалист РеспубликасыAzərbaycan Sovet Sosialist Respublikası*; Russian: Азербайджанская Советская Социалистическая Республика [АзССР] *Azerbaydzhanskaya Sovetskaya Sotsialisticheskaya Respublika [AzSSR]*), also known as the **Azerbaijan SSR** for short, was one of the republics that made up the former Soviet Union.

It was founded on April 28, 1920 as the Azerbaijan SSR. From March 12, 1922 to December 5, 1936, it was part of the Transcaucasian SFSR together with the Armenian SSR and the Georgian SSR. In December 1922, the Transcaucasian SFSR became part of the newly established Soviet Union. The Constitution of Azerbaijan SSR was approved by the 9th Extraordinary All-Azerbaijani Congress of Soviets on March 14, 1937. On November 19, 1990, the Azerbaijan SSR was renamed the "Republic of Azerbaijan" while still a part of the Soviet Union for another year before its collapse and the independence of Azerbaijan in 1991.

## References
Nina Burger

**Nina Burger** (born 27 December 1987 in Tulln, Austria) is a former Austrian football player. She played for the Austria national football team. She was a striker.

## Career
She started playing at the age of seven for the youth teams of FC Hausleiten. She started her club career with SV Langenrohr from Lower Austria. In 2005 she went to SV Neulengbach.

## International goals
:''Scores and results list Austria's goal tally first.

## Honours
*Champion with SV Langenrohr (NÖ Landesliga 2002–03)
* U-18 Champion 2005
* UEFA Women's Champions League
* Champion and Cupwinner with Neulengbach (2005–06, 2006–07, 2007–08, 2008–09, 2009–10, 2010–11)
* Topscorer ÖFB Frauenliga (2006–07: 38 goals, 2007–08: 33 goals, 2008–09: 23 goals, 2009–10: 22 goals, 2010–11: 29 goals)
*Bruno award "Best player 2010"

## References
Plitvice Lakes

**Plitvice Lakes** is a World Heritage Site and National Park in Croatia. 
Waters flowing over the limestone and chalk have deposited minerals, and created natural dams. The result is a series of beautiful lakes, caves and waterfalls. The forests in the park are home to bears, wolves and many rare birds.

Plitvice is the oldest national park in southeast Europe and the largest national park in Croatia. It was founded in 1949 and is in the mountainous karst area of central Croatia, at the border with Bosnia and Herzegovina.

In 1979, Plitvice Lakes was one of the first natural sites added to the UNESCO World Heritage register. Each year, more than 900,000 visitors are recorded.

The lakes are renowned for their distinctive colours, ranging from azure to green, grey or blue. The colours change constantly depending on the quantity of minerals or organisms in the water and the angle of sunlight.

## Wildlife 
### Plants 
The area includes forests, meadows and water plants; ecologically it ranges from Alpine to Mediterranean conditions. Of over 1,000 types of plant, 75 are endemic, found naturally only here, and 55 are species of orchids.

### Animals 
The park is home to a wide variety of animal and bird species. Rare fauna such as the European brown bear, wolf, eagle, owl, lynx, wild cat, capercaillie and many bats are there, with many more common species. 
157 species of birds have been recorded, 70 of which nest in the area. 12 amphibian species and lizards, snakes and turtles are there also.

## References
Heijō-kyō

**Heijō-kyō** (, also known as  **Heizei-kyō**) was twice the ancient Imperial capital of Japan from 710 to 784.  It was where Nara is today.

## History
In 710, Empress Gemmei moved the Imperial capital from Fujiwara-kyō which is about 18&nbsp;km south.
* **710** (*Wadō 3, 3rd month*):  Empress Gemmei moves from Fujiwara-kyō to Heijō-kyō.  The palace of the empress was named Nara-no-miya.
* **784** (*Enryaku 3*): Capital is moved briefly to Nagaoka
* **794** (*Enryaku 13*): Capital was moved to Heian-kyō and the palace was named Heian no Miya.
* **November 17, 794** (*Enryaku 13, 21st day of the 10th month*): The emperor traveled by carriage from Nara to Heian-kyō in a grand procession.   This marks the end of the Nara period and the beginning of the Heian period in Japanese history.

## Architecture
The Heijō Palace and some of the Buddhist temples at Heijō-kyō are named together as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, including 
* Daian-ji (大安寺)
* Yakushi-ji (薬師寺)
* Kōfuku-ji (興福寺)
* Gangō-ji (元興寺)
* Suzakumon (朱雀門, reconstruction) 
* Saidai-ji (西大寺)
* Tōdai-ji (東大寺)
* Daikokuden (大極殿, reconstruction)

## Related pages 
* List of World Heritage Sites in Japan
* Capital of Japan

## References
## Other websites
* Jô-Bô System of Heijô-Kyô 
* Nara (Heijô-kyô) — The Capital of Japan in the 8th Century
Hansel and Gretel

, 1909]]

"**Hansel and Gretel**" () is a fairy tale from Germany. The Brothers Grimm heard it from Dortchen Wild in Cassel and published it in their ''Children's and Household Tales* in 1812. The Grimms revised the tale over the years. They gave the children names, changed the mother to a stepmother, and introduced Christian motifs. Their final version is dated 1857. The tale has been adapted to many media, most notably the opera *Hänsel und Gretel* (1893) by Engelbert Humperdinck. A stop-motion animated movie based on the opera was made in the 1950s.

## Story 
Hansel and Gretel are a young brother and sister who learn their parents intend to abandon them in the forest. Despite their situation, Hansel and Gretel’s spirits remained high.They find their way home by leaving a trail of pebbles. One day, however, their parents succeed. The children wander the forest and come upon a house made of cake and candy. It belongs to an old woman who makes the children prisoners. Although, she intends to eat them, she fails. Gretel outwits her. She pushes the old woman into the oven and slams the door. The two poor kids escaped and lived happily ever after.

## References 
* Opie, Iona and Peter. 1974. *The Classic Fairy Tales*. Oxford UP. pp. 236-7.
* Tatar, Maria. 2002. *The Annoted Classic Fairy Tales*. Norton. pp. 44-5.
* Zipes, Jack (Ed.) 2002. *The Oxford Companion to Fairy Tales''. Norton. pp. 225-6.
Singapore at the Olympics

**Singapore** has sent athletes to most Summer Olympic Games held since 1948. The country was created as a separate British Crown Colony from the Straits Settlements about three months before the start of the 1948 Summer Olympics. It sent a team to the Games until 1964. 

At that time, Singapore was part of Malaysia. The team from Malaysia included people from Singapore. When Singapore became independent from Malaysia in 1965, the country began sending its own team again. It sent a team for every summer games after then, except in 1980. The country boycotted the 1980 games along with many other countries. No athletes from Singapore have been in any Winter Olympic Games.

## Olympic medals 
The country has won four Olympic medals. The first medal was won by Tan Howe Liang, who won a silver medal in lightweight weightlifting in 1960. In table tennis, Jing Jun Hong and Li Jiawei came close to winning medals in Sydney in 2000. They finished in fourth place. They also finished fourth in the 2004 Athens Olympics. Singapore sent many athletes to the 2008 Beijing Olympics. It was felt that this was their best chance of winning a medal since 1960. This proved to be true.

In the Beijing, Li, together with Feng Tianwei and Wang Yuegu, beat the South Korea Women's Table Tennis team in the semi-finals. Because of this, they made it to the final match and would win at least the silver medal. Singapore lost to host China in the gold medal final.

## Medalists
### Medals by sport
## Related pages
* List of IOC country codes

## References
## Other websites
* Singapore profile at London2012.com
Philip Showalter Hench

**Philip Showalter Hench** (February 28, 1896 – March 30, 1965) was an American physician who won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1950. Hench won the award along with his Mayo Clinic co-worker Edward Calvin Kendall and the Swiss chemist Tadeus Reichstein. They won it for finding the hormone cortisone and its use for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis."

Hench went to university at Lafayette College in Easton, Pennsylvania. He was trained as a physician at the United States Army Medical Corps and the University of Pittsburgh.

Hench began working at the Mayo Clinic in 1923. He later became the head of the Department of Rheumatology.

## Early life and education
He attended Lafayette College in Easton, Pennsylvania. At Lafayette, he earned his Bachelor of Arts in 1916. After that, he served in the Medical Corps of the U.S. Army and the reserve corps to finish his medical training. He got a doctorate in medicine from the University of Pittsburgh in 1920. During this time, biochemist Edward Calvin Kendall has found several steroids created by the adrenal gland cortex. After several years of work, Hench and Kendall decided to use one of these steroids on patients with rheumatoid arthritis. 
During his career, Hench was one of the founding members of the American Rheumatism Association. He was its president in 1940 and 1941. 

Hench also got the Heberdeen Medal (1942), the Lasker Award (1949), the Passano Foundation Award (1950), and the Criss Award. Lafayette College, Washington and Jefferson College, Western Reserve University, the National University of Ireland and the University of Pittsburgh gave Hench honorary doctorates.

## References
## Other websites
*Nobel Biography
*Biography
Hurricane Ophelia (2005)

**Hurricane Ophelia** was a long-lived Atlantic hurricane. It was mostly remembered for its very erratic and slow track off the United States' East Coast in September 2005. This storm brushed eastern North Carolina on September 14 and 15, 2005, causing $70 million in damages. Minor damage was also reported in eastern New England and Atlantic Canada when Ophelia brushed them as a strong tropical storm.
LUV Graz (women)

**LUV Graz (women)** is a women´s football club from the Styrian capital Graz. The club plays in the 2nd Frauenbundesliga. soccer.

## History
The club started as women team of the football club LUV Graz which was founded in 1959. They played from 1978 on in the Damenliga Ost, which was then the highest class in Austrian women´s soccer. In 1982 the ÖFB started the Frauen Bundesliga, which is now the ÖFB-Frauenliga. LUV Graz played from the beginning in this league. 1979 the club won the Cup. 1984 till 1986 the club reached the Cup-final but was beaten all three times. In the 1986 season the club reached the second place in the Championship. After the 1988/89 season the club stopped playing in the top level league.

In 1998 the club was restarted as independent women soccer club. They started in the Landesliga Steiermark, which was then the second level of women soccer. 2001 they returned to the ÖFB-Frauenliga. Since then LUV Graz is part of the league. They reached mostly places in the middle of the table, but in 2007 they were runner-up in the league. The second team of the club is playing in the Styrian Landesliga (3rd level). The club has also an U19 team.

## Honours
### as part of LUV Graz
*Austrian Cup: 1979
*Austrian Cup runner-up: 1978, 1984, 1985, 1986
*Runner up Frauenliga: 1986
### as DFC LUV Graz
*Austrian Cup runner-up: 2006, 2007
*Runner up Frauenliga: 2007

## 2023/24 team
## Coaches
***First team**:Susanna Höller 

## References
Jo Dee Messina

**Jo Dee Messina** is an American country music artist. She was born in Massachusetts on August 25, 1970. She has had nine #1 songs on the United States Billboard Country Music Charts. As late 2008 she had a song on Billboard's Hot Country Songs music chart. 

She has been honored under the Country Music Association. In the past, she was nominated for two Grammy Awards. She was the first female country artist to score 3 multiple-week number one singles. Messina relocated to Nashville, Tennessee around age 19.

## Discography
;Studio albums
* *Jo Dee Messina* (1996)
* ''I'm Alright* (1998)
* *Burn* (2000)
* *Delicious Surprise* (2005)
* *Me'' (2014)

;Singles
* "It's Too Late to Worry" (2006)

## References
Shoeshine

***Shoeshine*** is a drama movie made in 1947. It has some violence in it. It is 90 minutes long. It is an Italian movie directed by Vittorio De Sica. It was nominated for best picture by the National Board of Review.

## Other websites 
*Overview at allrovi
Sejo of Joseon

**Sejo of Joseon** (; September 29 1417 – September 8 1468) was the seventh king of the Joseon Dynasty. He was the second son of Sejong the Great.

In 1429 his peerage was **Grand Prince Suyang**. When his father died in 1450, his elder brother Munjong was crowned. Two years later Munjong died, and Munjong's son Danjong was crowned.

In 1455, he took the throne and became king of Joseon himself. Sejo's nephew Danjong was expelled. Danjong was then murdered in 1455.

## Works 
*  *Seokbosangjeol* ()
*  Worinseokbo ()
*  Yeokdaebyeongyo ()

## Related pages 
* Cheugugi
* Yeonsangun of Joseon

## References 
## Other websites 
* Sejo of Joseon:Navercast
* Sejo of Joseon
* 조선 세조대 정치를 보는 시각과 생육신 (논문) 
* 나한님 옆 바위틈에 ‘물방울 종소리’ 청아해라 불교신문 2008년 06월 14일자 
* 선 굵은 선조… 개성 넘치는 정조… 
* (이성무의 선비 이야기)  세조와 이계전
Prequel

**Prequel** is a term in drama and literature: it is a fusion of the words 'precursor' and 'sequel'. 

When a story is told in several stages, it is natural to tell it in order of time. For example, a series of books on the Second World War started with the 1930s and ended up in 1946. 

For various reasons, this does not always happen. In the movie series *Star Wars*, the first movie was *Star Wars Episode IV: A New Hope* (1977). It was followed by three prequels, which were *Star Wars Episode I: The Phantom Menace* (1999); *Star Wars Episode II: Attack of the Clones* (2002) and *Star Wars Episode III: Revenge of the Sith* (2005).

For correct use, the term 'prequel' is only applied when work is part of a series, and when the later publication refers to an earlier time. It is an old idea, but one which is often used today for drama on movie and television. The *Cypria*, a work of Ancient Greek literature, is a prequel to Homer's *Iliad*. A related idea is the back-story, which is the background story of a main story or character.

## References
Talking past each other

**Talking past each other** is an idiom.

The phrase describes a situation in which people communicate at .

The idiom explains what happens when there is a .  Idioms are a common  for learners of a language.

The idiom applies to disputes in which neither side addressed any of the issues raised by the other.  In talking past each other, two different concepts which need not have been disputed are somehow  or .

In fictional dialogue, when characters talk past each other, the result is an  with  or .

## In common use 
The phrase is used in many contexts.  For example,

*1917 &mdash; Albert Einstein and David Hilbert had dawn-to-dusk discussions of physics; and they continued their debate in writing, although Felix Klein records that they *talked past each other*, as happens not infrequently between simultaneously producing mathematicians."(*italics* added)
*2009 &mdash; After U.S. President Barack Obama's 2009 speech in Cairo, PBS experts discussed the President's words:
::According to David Brooks:  "... I liked it on the whole. You know, if you cover the Middle East, you know that there's a lot of shouting there, a lot of people *talking past each other*. Famously, every group has their own historical narrative which they emphasize while ignoring everyone else's narrative. And I thought Obama did the right thing, which was to go there and give everybody -- everybody's narratives melded into one. Now, it meant he had to squeeze history here and there, but that's fine. He melded it into one so everyone could have a common conversation." (*italics* added)

## References
## More reading
* Anderson, Philip Warren. "Twenty years of talking past each other: The theory of high Tc," *Physica C: Superconductivity and its Applications,* v. 460-462, iss. 0, p.&nbsp;3-6.
* Fleisser, Marieluise and David Horton. (1992). *Pioniere in Ingolstadt.* Manchester, New York: Manchester University Press. ; ; OCLC 24376759
* Gutting, Gary. (1980). ''Paradigms and Revolutions: Appraisals and Applications of Thomas Kuhn's Philosophy of Science.'' South Bend, Indiana: University of Notre Dame Press. OCLC 163461098
Viveiro

**Viveiro** is a municipality in the Province of Lugo, in Galicia, Spain.

It has an area of 109.3 km² and a population of 15,291 people.

## Festivities 
The calendar of Viveiro holds several festivals, both religious and not.

### Carnival 
Viveiro has the oldest Carnival in Galicia. It is celebrated during the four days before Lent, from Saturday until Shrove Tuesday. It finishes on Tuesday with many floats travelling through the streets.

### Saint James' day 
Viveiro celebrates the St. James' Day Battle on July 25 at the Port of Celeiro. It has marines moving through the estuary of Viveiro in a well organised and orderly way, similar to a march.

## Twinned towns 
* Lannion, France
* Old Havana, Cuba
* Perth, Australia

## Other websites 
* Ferrol-San Cibrao Port Authority
Sapote

**Sapote** (from Nahuatl ***tzapotl***) is a word for a soft, edible fruit. The word is part of the names of several plants from Mexico, Central America and northern parts of South America that have fruits. 

Some but not all sapotes come from the family Sapotaceae:

* Sapotaceae sapotes:
** Sapodilla (*Manilkara zapota*) is native to Mexico, Guatemala, Nicaragua, Belize, and possibly El Salvador. 
** Yellow sapote (*Pouteria campechiana*) is from Mexico and Central America.
** Mamey sapote (*Pouteria sapota*) is from southern Mexico to northern South America.
** Green sapote (*Pouteria viridis*) is native to lowland southern Mexico.

* Ebenaceae sapotes:
** Black sapote (*Diospyros digyna*) is from eastern Mexico south to Colombia. This is probably the original Aztec *tzapotl*.
** Chapote (*Diospyros texana*) is from the lower Rio Grande valley region in Texas and Mexico

* Other sapotes
** White sapote (*Casimiroa edulis*: Rutaceae) is from northern and central Mexico, Costa Rica, El Salvador and Guatemala.
** South American sapote (*Quararibea cordata*: Malvaceae) is from the Amazon rainforests of Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru.

File:Diospyros digyna 2.jpg|Black sapote
File:Casimiroa edulis4.jpg|White sapote
File:Zapotes.jpg|South American sapote
File:Vietnamese Sapote.JPG|*Lòng mứt*, a kind of Vietnamese sapote
File:Mamey.jpg|Mamey sapote
File:Manilkara zapota.jpg|Sapodilla
File:Canistel-2.jpg|Yellow sapote

## References
Blind men and an elephant

The **Blind men and an elephant** is an idiom.

The story of the blind men and an elephant comes from India. It is about a range of truths and mistakes.  It is also about the need for communication and the need for respect for different perspectives.  

The idiom shows the effects of  and . Idioms are a common  for learners of a language.

## Story
A group of blind men (or men in the dark) touch an elephant to learn what it is like. Each one feels a different part, but only one part.  For example, one touches only the side and another touches only the tusk. 

The blind men discover that they disagree when each describes what he has learned from touching the elephant.

## Poem
A famous poem — "The Blind Men and the Elephant" by John Godfrey Saxe (1816–1887).

The poem begins:
It was six men of Indostan
To learning much inclined,
Who went to see the Elephant
(Though all of them were blind),
That each by observation
Might satisfy his mind

They conclude that the elephant is like a wall, snake, spear, tree, fan or rope, depending upon where they touch.  None of blind men's description is correct for the whole elephant.

## Related pages
* Is the glass half empty or half full?

## References
## Other websites
* Story of the Blind Men and the Elephant  from www.spiritual-education.org 
* All of Saxe's Poems including original printing of The Blindman and the Elephant 
* Buddhist Version as found in *Jainism and Buddhism. Udana* hosted by the University of Princeton 
* Jalal ad-Din Muhammad Rumi's version as translated by A.J. Arberry
* Jainist Version hosted by Jainworld 
* John Godfrey Saxe's version hosted at Rice University
Internal Troops of Azerbaijan

The **Internal Troops of Azerbaijan** () also known as **Interior Troops** or **Interior Guard** is the uniformed gendarmerie-like paramilitary force in Azerbaijan.

The Internal Troops are under the authority of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, who also control the police. The Internal Troops are the descended from the Soviet Union's Internal Troops. They are used to deal with internal emergencies such as natural disasters, restoring public order, internal armed conflicts and to protect important facilities. During wartime, the Internal Troops fall under the jurisdiction of the Azerbaijani Land Forces, and can be involved in local defense and security of the country, along with the army.

Its equipment includes Heckler & Koch MP5 submachine guns.

Other law enforcement bodies in Azerbaijan include the Azerbaijani National Guard and the State Border Service of Azerbaijan and its Coast Guard branch.

## Related pages
*Military history of Azerbaijan
*Azerbaijani Armed Forces
*Azerbaijani Land Force
*Azerbaijani Air Force
*Azerbaijani Navy
*Azerbaijani National Guard
*State Border Service of Azerbaijan

## References
## Other websites
*Internal Troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs
Kaštanka

**Kaštanka** is a forest. It has one of the highest lying sets of chestnuts in central Europe. It is in a small town called Nasavrky. Nasavrky is in eastern Bohemia, Czech Republic. It is about 25&nbsp;km south of county seat Pardubice. 

## History 
Jan Adam von Auersperg came back from Italy with six seedlings of chestnut at the end of 18th century.  He ordered that the seedlings were planted on the north side of Nasavrky hill. This happened between 1776 to 1778. The plants were the start of Kaštanka. In passing time, the set was expanded a lot. Kaštanka had over 110 trees in the turn of 19th and 20th century.
Kaštanka was made a nature monument on 1 December 1990. At that time, Kaštanka had over 138 trees. One of the first planted trees survives to this day. It was named "Knížák" in honor of prince Auersperg.
The chestnut became the sign of Nasavrky. It became the main motive in the emblem of the city Nasavrky, and the flag of Nasavrlky in 1996.

## Main information
Kaštanka is natural monument which was declared as special protection area on 1st December 1990. The set of chestnuts is on a slight rise north ward. This area is in a built-up area about 100 meters from the city square. Kaštanka is at an altitude of 472 – 486. The area of set is 1,088 hectares large and all trees are chestnut trees expect a few that are on the edge.

## Inspired by Kaštanka
Kaštanka was main theme of many artists like painters, sculptors and writers. Some writers wrote novels about Kaštanka. Two of the authors that did this were Marie Doležalová and Alois Stanislav Novák. Kaštanka gave Věra Vovsová, Jiří Poláček and Karel Pavlík the inspiration to make art. Vovsová said this about Kaštanka:

## References
St. Cloud, Minnesota

**St. Cloud** is a city in central Minnesota. It is north of Minneapolis-St. Paul. St. Cloud State University is there. Most of St. Cloud is in Stearns County, but parts of it are in Benton and Sherburne Counties. The population of St. Cloud was 66,881 at the 2020 census. The Mississippi River runs through St. Cloud, and St. Cloud uses the Mississippi as drinking water.

## References
Windsor, Vermont

**Windsor** is a town in Windsor County, Vermont, United States. It is built on the banks of the Connecticut River. The population was 3,559 at the 2020 census. The Constitution of Vermont was written and signed in the town. It is known as the birthplace of Vermont. It was the first capital until 1805.  Then Montpelier became the official capital.

## History
The first settler in Windsor was Captain Steele Smith who arrived with his family in August 1764. The Constitution of Vermont was written and signed in 1777 at a tavern, now called Old Constitution House. This constitution declared that Vermont was an independent republic, and no longer part of Great Britain. By 1820, Windsor was the largest town in Vermont. It had factories making guns, machinery, tinware, furniture and harness. A dam built across Mill Brook in 1836 provided water power for these factories.

## References
## Other websites
* 
* 
* 

## Further reading
* A. J. Coolidge & J. B. Mansfield, *A History and Description of New England*, Boston, Massachusetts 1859
* Hayward's *New England Gazetteer of 1839*
* English and American Tool Builders.  Joseph Wickham Roe, 1916 by Yale University Press and 1987 by Lindsay Publications Inc., Bradley IL 60915.   paper
Psychopathy

**Psychopathy** is a personality disorder or antisocial personality disorder. Psychopaths are unemotional. They do not show concern about the feelings or rights of others. They show almost no empathy, and do not try to follow norms. They don’t have a conscience and do not feel guilt. Another word for psychopathy is sociopathy, there are differences between the two.

Many psychopaths are  and often manage to work with other people. They use other people. Psychopaths often have other bad personality traits, like sadism, violence and deception. They are very selfish and get rid of people for whom they have no further use. They may have many children by many partners.

The definition of psychopathy has changed. Different definitions are used. They only partly overlap and sometimes seem contradictory.

There are efforts to use behaviour therapy to treat psychopaths; often, this may be done in prisons.

Some people are mislabeled as *psychopaths*, but have no problems with social norms, but they are good at influencing people. There is a difference between the sexes as to how psychopathy is shown. Men show it more as an antisocial pattern of behaviour. In women it shows more as a histrionic pattern (excessive attention-seeking).

Amongst professional psychiatrists, psychopathy is known for being difficult to treat.

## References
Avarua

of Rarotonga]]
**Avarua** is a town and district in the north of Rarotonga Island. The name means "Two Harbors" in Cook Islands Māori. It is the national capital of the Cook Islands.

The downtown area of Avarua is located at sea level. It is below the peaks of Rarotonga ( ). The town has several supermarkets, two banks and several restaurants. It has other shops which sell black pearls and other handicrafts. The town has an open air market on Saturday. The market sells items including brightly coloured ''pare'u'' (wrap around dresses), flower garlands, fresh fish and tropical fruits. The town is served by Rarotonga International Airport (IATA Airport Code:  RAR). In 2006 there were 5,445 people living in Avarua. They mainly make their living from tourism, trade, fishing and agriculture. There is one main road in Avarua. It is called Ara Maire Nui. It is also known as Marine Drive or Main Street. It turns into the island-circling ring road called Ara Tapu at both ends of town.

## References
## Other websites
*Photo of Government Radio Station Rarotonga c1950
Map projection

A **map projection** is a way of showing the surface of a three-dimensional sphere on a flat surface. Such projections are necessary to create maps. The problem with projections is that they change the surface in some way; this is called distortion. Depending on the purpose of the map, some distortions may be less bad. This is why cartographers use different mathematical projections for different maps.

Carl Friedrich Gauss showed that is not possible to project the surface of a sphere to a plane, without distorting it. This theorem is known as Theorema egregium today.

To understand the projections, it is easier to imagine a light source, a globe, and another geometric object. The light source shines "a shadow" of each point of the globe onto the geometric object. At the end the surface of the geometric object is unrolled, this yields the map. It is possible to tell the projections apart by the type of helper object used.
*Using a plane gives azimuthal projections. 
*Using a cone gives conical projections.
*Using a cylinder gives cylindrical ones. 

*Cylindrical projections "put the sphere into a cylinder, and then unroll its surface". Examples of these are Equirectangular projection, Mercator projection
*Psedocylindrincal: Same as cylindrical, but only applies to the main meridian and parallels.
Azerbaijani National Guard

The **Azerbaijani National Guard** () is a paramilitary force in Azerbaijan. The Internal Troops is under the authority of the Government of Azerbaijan  and operates as a semi-independent entity. The Azerbaijani National Guard was definitely active in December 1996 but has been united into the Special State Protection Service. The guard was established on the December 25, 1991.

The Special State Protection Service (SSPS) of Azerbaijan is a military unit directly under the authority of the President of Azerbaijan. Its responsibilities include the protection of the President of Azerbaijan, the protection of the National Assembly of Azerbaijan (Parliament), the Cabinet of Ministers of Azerbaijan, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Azerbaijan, the Constitutional Court, the Central Election Commission and other public bodies as well as the protection of important foreign leaders visiting Azerbaijan.

One of the most important tasks of the SPSS is the safety of the Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan petroleum and natural gas pipeline and the South Caucasus petroleum pipeline. NATO is supporting the service with several helicopters and military vehicles in order to protect the pipelines.

During wartime, the Azerbaijani National Guard operates together with the Azerbaijani Land Forces, and can be involved in local defense and security of the country, along with the army.

Other law enforcement bodies in Azerbaijan include the Internal Troops of Azerbaijan and the State Border Service of Azerbaijan and its Coast Guard branch.

## Related pages
*Military history of Azerbaijan
*Azerbaijani Armed Forces
*Azerbaijani Land Force
*Azerbaijani Air Force
*Azerbaijani Navy
*Internal Troops of Azerbaijan
*State Border Service of Azerbaijan

## References
Hark the Herald Angels Sing

**"Hark! the Herald Angels Sing"** is a song connected with the Christmas season which dates back to around 1739. Its melody is based on Felix Mendelssohn's cantata *Festgesang*. This song has been altered numerous times during the decades. Many musicians have covered this song during the years, including, though not limited to Amy Grant.
Asuka, Yamato

'' aat Asuka ]]
 was an ancient Imperial capital of Japan during the 6th and 7th centuries. It was in Yamato Province, which is present-day Nara Prefecture.

## Imperial Palaces 
When Asuka was Japan's capital, new palaces were constructed for each new monarch.  Sometimes Imperial palaces were abandoned because of fires or bad omens.

According to tradition, Asuka was the site of Chikatsu-Asuka-Yatsuri Palace during the reign of Emperor Kenzo

Imperial capitals in Asuka in 593-640 were:
* Toyura Palace (*Toyura-no-miya*), 593–603
* Oharida Palace (*Oharida-no-miya*), 603–629

In Asuka, the Imperial capitals in 655-660 were:
* Itabuki Palace, 655–655

In Asuka, the Imperial capitals in 672-694 were:
* Shima Palace, 672
* Okamoto Palace, 672
* Kiyomihara Palace (*Kiomihara-no-miya*), 672–694

## Related pages
* Capital of Japan

## References
Road Town

**Road Town**, on Tortola, is the capital of the British Virgin Islands. It is next to the horseshoe-shaped Road Harbour in the centre of the island's south coast. About 9,400 people lived there in 2004.

The name comes from sailing. "The roads" means a place less sheltered than a harbor but where ships stop. Its marina made Road Town a popular place in the Caribbean for chartering yachts. Cruise ships often dock here. Road Town also has tourism.

The Harbour is the dock for many of the ferries servicing the island. The ferry terminal is at the southwest end of Road Town. Ferries run during the day every day of the week. A 28 hectare (70 acre) development called Wickham's Cay, is on two areas of man-made land. The HM Prison on Main Street is the oldest building in Road Town. It was built in the 1840s. People disagree about where the borders of the town are.

## History
The Emancipation Proclamation was read on 1 August 1834. This gave slaves their freedom, even though slavery had been officially abolished in 1807.

In 1853, a fire destroyed nearly every building in Road Town. Angry rioters spread the fire to protest an increase on the cattle tax. Rioters burned most of the plantations across the island.

## References
## Other websites
*Ferry Schedule 
*Tortola Map & Guide 
*Detailed map of Road Town 
*Article from Encyclopedia Britannica
*Real Travel/Frommer's Travel Guide to Road Town
Fujiwara-kyō

was the Imperial capital of Japan between 694 and 710. It was established by Empress Jitō in Yamato Province (present-day Kashihara in Nara Prefecture).

## Related pages
* Capital of Japan
* Heijō-kyō

## References
## Other websites