open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Myelodysplastic syndrome

The **Myelodysplastic syndrome** (**MDS**) is a group of diseases that affect the production of blood. These diseases were formerly known as **preleukemia**, mostly because they can lead to leukemia.

 of patient with myelodysplastic disorder.]]

## Overview
Myelodysplastic syndromes affect the bone marrow stem cells. The production of blood does not rely on good stem cells, but ones that have been modified genetically. This means that the production of red blood cells, sometimes of white blood cells and blood platelets changed. The production becomes inefficient, or goes wrong altogether. Most of the time, this manifests in anemia. Depending on the severity of the condition, it can also cause hemorrhages, and infections with fever.

## Epidemiology
Most of those who have these conditions are 60 years or older, but the younger can get it too, especially if they went through a form of chemotherapy. Most of the sufferers die from the disease, usually after six to thirty months. The only known cure is a stem cell transplant. About a third of those suffering contract leukemia within a few months to years.
Renato Gaúcho

**Renato Gaúcho** (born 9 September 1962) is a brazilian coach and former football player. He is currently the head coach for Fluminense.

## Club career statistics
|-
|1981||rowspan="6"|Grêmio||rowspan="6"|Série A||2||0
|-
|1982||3||0
|-
|1983||11||4
|-
|1984||20||5
|-
|1985||10||4
|-
|1986||19||2
|-
|1987||rowspan="2"|Flamengo||rowspan="2"|Série A||19||2
|-
|1988||0||0

|-
|1988–89||Roma||Serie A||23||0

|-
|1989||rowspan="2"|Flamengo||rowspan="2"|Série A||2||0
|-
|1990||16||7
|-
|1991||rowspan="2"|Botafogo||rowspan="2"|Série A||16||2
|-
|1992||21||6
|-
|1993||Flamengo||Série A||12||4
|-
|1994||rowspan="2"|Atlético Mineiro||rowspan="2"|Série A||13||2
|-
|1995||0||0
|-
|1995||rowspan="2"|Fluminense||rowspan="2"|Série A||15||4
|-
|1996||0||0
|-
|1997||rowspan="2"|Flamengo||rowspan="2"|Série A||12||5
|-
|1998||0||0
|-
|1999||Bangu||Série C||0||0
191||57
23||0
214||57

## International career statistics
|-
|1983||6||1
|-
|1984||2||0
|-
|1985||5||0
|-
|1986||3||0
|-
|1987||0||0
|-
|1988||0||0
|-
|1989||7||0
|-
|1990||1||0
|-
|1991||9||2
|-
|1992||7||2
|-
|1993||1||0
|-
!Total||41||5

## References
Springbok

The **springbok** (*Antidorcas marsupialis*) is a medium sized brown and white gazelle that stands about  high. It is in the same family as antelope and goats. They are the national animal of South Africa and live in the savannah. 

## Sources
Tita (footballer, born 1958)

**Tita** (born 1 April 1958) is a former Brazilian football player. He has played for Brazil national team.

## Club career statistics 
|-
|1977||rowspan="6"|Flamengo||rowspan="6"|Série A||8||1
|-
|1978||20||4
|-
|1979||3||0
|-
|1980||22||9
|-
|1981||7||2
|-
|1982||18||6
|-
|1983||Grêmio||Série A||18||12
|-
|1984||rowspan="2"|Flamengo||rowspan="2"|Série A||17||5
|-
|1985||6||2
|-
|1986||Internacional||Série A||17||7
|-
|1987||Vasco da Gama||Série A||0||0

|-
|1987/88||Bayer Leverkusen||Bundesliga||21||10

|-
|1988/89||rowspan="2"|Pescara||Serie A||25||9
|-
|1989/90||Serie B||2||0

|-
|1989||rowspan="2"|Vasco da Gama||rowspan="2"|Série A||7||2
|-
|1990||0||0

|-
|1990/91||rowspan="4"|León||rowspan="4"|Primera División||24||7
|-
|1991/92||33||16
|-
|1992/93||29||19
|-
|1993/94||29||12
|-
|1994/95||Puebla||Primera División||21||8
|-
|1995/96||rowspan="2"|León||rowspan="2"|Primera División||28||19
|-
|1996/97||14||8
143||50
21||10
27||9
178||89
369||158
|}

## International career statistics 
|-
|1979||4||2
|-
|1980||3||1
|-
|1981||7||2
|-
|1982||0||0
|-
|1983||8||1
|-
|1984||2||0
|-
|1985||0||0
|-
|1986||0||0
|-
|1987||0||0
|-
|1988||0||0
|-
|1989||6||0
|-
|1990||1||0
|-
!Total||31||6
|}

## References
Textual criticism

**Textual criticism** is the study of different copies of books or manuscripts. The purpose is to find the original, and see what changes were made to the later versions.

Textual criticism started with the study of the Bible, but now these techniques are used to study many texts.

## Basic notions and objectives 
The basic problem, as described by Paul Maas, is as follows:
:"We have no autograph manuscripts of the Greek and Roman classical writers and no copies which have been [compared] with the originals; the manuscripts we possess derive from the originals through an unknown number of intermediate copies, and are consequentially of questionable trustworthiness. The business of textual criticism is to produce a text as close as possible to the original". p1

The lack of autograph manuscripts applies to many cultures other than Greek and Roman. In such a situation, a key objective becomes the identification of the first *exemplar* before any split in the tradition. That exemplar is known as the *archetype*. "If we succeed in establishing the text of [the archetype], the reconstruction of the original is considerably advanced".pp22–23

The textual critic's ultimate objective is the production of a "critical edition". This contains a text most closely approximating the original, which is accompanied by a critical apparatus that presents:
*the evidence that the editor considered (names of manuscripts),
*the editor's analysis of that evidence and
*a record of rejected variants (often in order of preference).pp22–23 

## Related pages 
*Criticism
*Philology

## References
Édson Boaro

**Édson Boaro**, best known as ***Édson*** and as ***Édson Abobrão*** (born July 3, 1959 at São José do Rio Pardo, São Paulo State) is a former Brazilian football player. He has played for Brazil national team.

## Club career statistics
|-
|1978||rowspan="7"|Ponte Preta||Série A||0||0
|-
|1979||||0||0
|-
|1980||rowspan="4"|Série A||12||0
|-
|1981||20||0
|-
|1982||13||0
|-
|1983||14||3
|-
|1984||||0||0
|-
|1984||rowspan="6"|Corinthians Paulista||rowspan="6"|Série A||13||2
|-
|1985||25||0
|-
|1986||22||0
|-
|1987||13||0
|-
|1988||9||0
|-
|1989||0||0
|-
|1989||rowspan="3"|Palmeiras||rowspan="3"|Série A||13||2
|-
|1990||8||1
|-
|1991||0||0
|-
|1992||Guarani||Série A||0||0
|-
|1993||Paysandu||Série A||0||0
|-
|1993||Remo||Série A||18||2
|-
|1994||Botafogo||Série A||0||0
|-
|1995||rowspan="3"|São José||||0||0
|-
|1996||||0||0
|-
|1997||Série C||0||0
180||10
180||10
|}

## International career statistics
|-
|1983||3||0
|-
|1984||2||0
|-
|1985||7||0
|-
|1986||7||0
|-
!Total||19||0
|}

## Honours
### Player
; Corinthans
*Campeonato Paulista: 1988

; Paysandu
*Campeonato Paraense: 1992

; Brazil
*Pan American Games: 1979

### Manager
; São Bernardo
*Copa Paulista: 2013

; Batatais F. C.
*Campeonato Paulista Série A3: 2020

## References
Carlos Mozer

**Carlos Mozer** (born 19 September 1960) is a former Brazilian football player. He has played for Brazil national team.

## Club career statistics 
|-
|1980||rowspan="7"|Flamengo||rowspan="7"|Série A||0||0
|-
|1981||3||0
|-
|1982||17||1
|-
|1983||10||1
|-
|1984||18||3
|-
|1985||17||1
|-
|1986||24||2

|-
|1987/88||rowspan="2"|Benfica||rowspan="2"|Portuguese Liga||32||6
|-
|1988/89||29||2

|-
|1989/90||rowspan="3"|Olympique Marseille||rowspan="3"|Division 1||27||4
|-
|1990/91||31||0
|-
|1991/92||31||0

|-
|1992/93||rowspan="3"|Benfica||rowspan="3"|Portuguese Liga||13||0
|-
|1993/94||29||3
|-
|1994/95||17||0

|-
|1995||rowspan="2"|Kashima Antlers||rowspan="2"|J. League 1||15||0
|-
|1996||2||0
89||8
120||11
89||4
17||0
315||23
|}

## International career statistics 
|-
|1983||9||0
|-
|1984||3||0
|-
|1985||6||0
|-
|1986||5||0
|-
|1987||0||0
|-
|1988||0||0
|-
|1989||2||0
|-
|1990||4||0
|-
|1991||0||0
|-
|1992||1||0
|-
|1993||1||0
|-
|1994||1||0
|-
!Total||32||0
|}

## References
Bone marrow

illustration of cells in bone marrow]]
**Bone marrow** is a type of tissue that can be found in hollow bones of many animals. In humans, it is soft, spongy tissue where blood stem cells live. Blood stem cells produce all your essential blood cells, such as red blood cells to carry oxygen and white blood cells to fight infection like a factory produces things. Bone marrow makes up about 4% of an adult human's weight (about 2.6 kilograms).

There are some diseases, like some forms of leukaemia, which stop the factory from working properly. For patients with diseases like these, the best hope of a cure is receiving a stem cell transplant.

## Marrow types
.  The white ring is bone.  The red spongy part is red bone marrow.  The inner yellow circle is yellow marrow.]]

There are two types of bone marrow. Red marrow is made mostly of myeloid tissue (which makes new blood cells).  Red blood cells, platelets, and most white blood cells are created by red marrow. Yellow marrow is made mainly of fat cells. Both types of bone marrow contain many blood vessels and capillaries.

When a person is born, all of their bone marrow is red. As the person ages, more and more of the bone marrow changes to the yellow type. By adulthood, about half of a person's bone marrow is red.

Red marrow is found mainly in the flat bones - like the hip bone, breast bone, skull, ribs, vertebra (the bones that make up the spinal column), and shoulder blades - and in the cancellous ("spongy") material at the ends of the long bones like the femur (thigh bone) and humerus (upper forearm bone). Yellow marrow is found inside the hollow middle section, or medullary cavity of the long bones.

In cases of severe blood loss, the body can change yellow marrow back to red marrow so that more blood cells are made to replace the lost blood.

## References
Léo Júnior

**Leovegildo Lins da Gama Júnior** (born 29 June 1954) is a former Brazilian football player. He has played for Brazil national team.

## Club career statistics 
|-
|1973||rowspan="12"|Flamengo||rowspan="12"|Série A||0||0
|-
|1974||0||0
|-
|1975||27||0
|-
|1976||21||1
|-
|1977||18||0
|-
|1978||25||4
|-
|1979||7||1
|-
|1980||19||1
|-
|1981||7||0
|-
|1982||23||0
|-
|1983||26||0
|-
|1984||20||0

|-
|1984/85||rowspan="3"|Torino||rowspan="3"|Serie A||26||7
|-
|1985/86||30||4
|-
|1986/87||30||1
|-
|1987/88||rowspan="2"|Pescara||rowspan="2"|Serie A||28||3
|-
|1988/89||34||3

|-
|1988||rowspan="3"|Flamengo||rowspan="3"|Série A||1||0
|-
|1989||15||1
|-
|1990||12||0

|-
|1990/91||Torino||Serie A||0||0

|-
|1991||rowspan="3"|Flamengo||rowspan="3"|Série A||17||0
|-
|1992||25||9
|-
|1993||0||0
263||17
148||18
411||35
|}

## International career statistics 
|-
|1979||5||0
|-
|1980||7||0
|-
|1981||16||3
|-
|1982||11||3
|-
|1983||10||0
|-
|1984||1||0
|-
|1985||5||0
|-
|1986||6||0
|-
|1987||0||0
|-
|1988||0||0
|-
|1989||0||0
|-
|1990||0||0
|-
|1991||0||0
|-
|1992||8||0
|-
!Total||69||6
|}

## References
Walter Casagrande

**Walter Casagrande** (born 15 April 1963) is a former Brazilian football player. He has played for Brazil national team.

## Club career statistics 
|-
|1980||Corinthians Paulista||Série A||0||0
|-
|1981||Caldense||||0||0
|-
|1981||rowspan="4"|Corinthians Paulista||rowspan="4"|Série A||0||0
|-
|1982||11||3
|-
|1983||13||1
|-
|1984||22||7
|-
|1984||São Paulo||Série A||0||0
|-
|1985||rowspan="2"|Corinthians Paulista||rowspan="2"|Série A||23||9
|-
|1986||13||6

|-
|1986–87||Porto||Portuguese Liga||6||1

|-
|1987–88||rowspan="4"|Ascoli||rowspan="3"|Serie A||27||6
|-
|1988–89||8||4
|-
|1989–90||24||6
|-
|1990–91||Serie B||37||22
|-
|1991–92||rowspan="2"|Torino||rowspan="2"|Serie A||23||6
|-
|1992–93||24||4

|-
|1993||rowspan="2"|Flamengo||rowspan="2"|Série A||13||5
|-
|1994||0||0
|-
|1994||Corinthians Paulista||Série A||14||3
|-
|1995||Paulista||Série C||0||0
|-
|1996||São Francisco||||0||0
109||34
6||1
143||48
258||83
|}

## International career statistics 
|-
|1985||9||4
|-
|1986||10||4
|-
!Total||19||8
|}

## References
Edivaldo (footballer, born 1962)

**Edivaldo Martins Fonseca** (13 April 1962 – 13 January 1993) is a former Brazilian football player. He has played for Brazil national team.

## Club statistics
## International career statistics
## References
Paulo Vítor (footballer, born 1957)

**Paulo Vitor** (born 7 June 1957) is a former Brazilian football player. He has played for the Brazilian national team.

## Club career statistics
|-
|1977||Operário||Série A||0||0
|-
|1978||Brasiliense||||16||0
|-
|1979||rowspan="2"|Vitória||rowspan="2"|Série A||0||0
|-
|1980||0||0
|-
|1981||rowspan="7"|Fluminense||rowspan="7"|Série A||8||0
|-
|1982||8||0
|-
|1983||14||0
|-
|1984||18||0
|-
|1985||19||0
|-
|1986||24||0
|-
|1987||13||0
|-
|1988||América||Série A||0||0
|-
|1989||Coritiba||Série A||0||0
|-
|1990||rowspan="2"|Sport Recife||Série B||0||0
|-
|1991||Série A||11||0
|-
|1991||Grêmio Maringá||Série B||0||0
|-
|1992||Remo||Série B||0||0
|-
|1993||Paysandu||Série A||1||0
|-
|1994||Volta Redonda||||0||0
132||0
132||0
|}

## International career statistics
|-
|1984||1||0
|-
|1985||5||0
|-
|1986||2||0
|-
!Total||8||0
|}

## References
Josimar (footballer, born 1961)

**Josimar** (born 19 September 1961) is a former Brazilian football player. He has played for Brazil national team.

## Club career statistics
|-
|1982||rowspan="7"|Botafogo||rowspan="7"|Série A||8||2
|-
|1983||15||0
|-
|1984||11||0
|-
|1985||12||0
|-
|1986||23||1
|-
|1987||9||0
|-
|1988||16||0

|-
|1988-89||Sevilla||La Liga||13||0

|-
|1989||rowspan="2"|Flamengo||rowspan="2"|Série A||13||0
|-
|1990||5||0
112||3
13||0
125||3
|}

## International career statistics
|-
|1986||3||2
|-
|1987||9||0
|-
|1988||0||0
|-
|1989||4||0
|-
!Total||16||2
|}

## References
Edinho (footballer, born 1955)

**Edino Nazareth Filho** (born 5 June 1955) is a former Brazilian football player. He has played for Brazil national team.

## Club career statistics 
|-
|1973||rowspan="10"|Fluminense||rowspan="10"|Série A||1||0
|-
|1974||0||0
|-
|1975||11||0
|-
|1976||21||0
|-
|1977||9||0
|-
|1978||5||0
|-
|1979||6||1
|-
|1980||14||3
|-
|1981||3||1
|-
|1982||18||6

|-
|1982-83||rowspan="5"|Udinese||rowspan="5"|Serie A||30||7
|-
|1983-84||29||4
|-
|1984-85||26||5
|-
|1985-86||30||3
|-
|1986-87||23||3

|-
|1987||rowspan="2"|Flamengo||rowspan="2"|Série A||11||0
|-
|1988||0||0
|-
|1988||Fluminense||Série A||23||3
|-
|1989||rowspan="2"|Grêmio||rowspan="2"|Série A||8||1
|-
|1990||0||0
130||15
138||22
268||37
|}

## International career statistics 
|-
|1977||7||1
|-
|1978||8||0
|-
|1979||7||1
|-
|1980||3||0
|-
|1981||7||0
|-
|1982||2||0
|-
|1983||0||0
|-
|1984||0||0
|-
|1985||5||0
|-
|1986||6||1
|-
!Total||45||3
|}

## References
Júlio César (footballer, born 1963)

**Júlio César da Silva** (born 8 March, 1963) is a former Brazilian football player. He has played for Brazil national team.

## Club career statistics
|-
|1979||rowspan="8"|Guarani||rowspan="2"|Série A||0||0
|-
|1980||0||0
|-
|1981||Série B||0||0
|-
|1982||rowspan="2"|Série A||17||2
|-
|1983||11||0
|-
|1984||Série B||8||0
|-
|1985||rowspan="2"|Série A||18||1
|-
|1986||0||0

|-
|1986-87||Stade Brestois||Division 1||32||1
|-
|1987-88||rowspan="3"|Montpellier||rowspan="3"|Division 1||37||5
|-
|1988-89||26||1
|-
|1989-90||30||4

|-
|1990-91||rowspan="4"|Juventus||rowspan="4"|Serie A||29||1
|-
|1991-92||33||1
|-
|1992-93||16||1
|-
|1993-94||13||0

|-
|1994-95||rowspan="5"|Borussia Dortmund||rowspan="5"|Bundesliga||25||1
|-
|1995-96||23||2
|-
|1996-97||10||3
|-
|1997-98||17||1
|-
|1998-99||5||0

|-
|1998||Botafogo||Série A||16||0

|-
|1998-99||Panathinaikos||Alpha Ethniki||3||0

|-
|1999-00||Werder Bremen||Bundesliga||12||0

|-
|2001||Rio Branco||Série C||0||0
70||3
125||11
91||3
92||7
3||0
381||24
|}

## International career statistics
|-
|1986||6||0
|-
|1987||3||0
|-
|1988||0||0
|-
|1989||1||0
|-
|1990||0||0
|-
|1991||1||0
|-
|1992||0||0
|-
|1993||2||0
|-
!Total||13||0
|}

## References
Elzo

**Elzo Coelho** (born 22 January, 1961), better known as **Elzo** is a former Brazilian football player. He has played for Brazil national team.

## Club career statistics
|-
|1981||rowspan="2"|Internacional-Limeira||rowspan="2"|Série A||6||0
|-
|1982||9||3
|-
|1984||rowspan="3"|Atlético Mineiro||rowspan="3"|Série A||5||0
|-
|1985||24||2
|-
|1986||27||1

|-
|1987-88||rowspan="2"|Benfica||rowspan="2"|Portuguese Liga||22||1
|-
|1988-89||16||0

|-
|1989||rowspan="2"|Palmeiras||rowspan="2"|Série A||10||0
|-
|1990||6||0
87||6
38||1
125||7
|}

## International career statistics
|-
|1986||11||0
|-
!Total||11||0
|}

## References
Race to Witch Mountain

***Race to Witch Mountain*** is a 2009 American science fiction adventure thriller movie directed by Andy Fickman. The movie stars Dwayne Johnson in the lead role, with AnnaSophia Robb, Alexander Ludwig, Ciarán Hinds, and Carla Gugino. It was the fifth and latest instalment in the *Witch Mountain* franchise. 

## Plot 
The movie follows Jack Bruno, a taxi driver from Las Vegas, swept up in the adventure of a lifetime when he meets Sara and Seth, a pair of young extraterrestrial siblings who have paranormal powers. In order to prevent an invasion of Earth by their government, Jack must help them reach their spaceship, which is buried within Witch Mountain. But the task will not be easy, for government agents and an alien assassin are on their trail.

## Reception 
*Race to Witch Mountain* was released on March 13, 2009, in the United States, through Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures. While receiving mixed reviews from movie critics, the movie was a box office success, grossing $106.4 million worldwide against a production budget of $50 million.

## References 
## Other websites 
* 
* 
* 
*
Telê Santana

**Telê Santana** (July 26, 1931 – April 21, 2006) was a former Brazilian football player and manager.

## Managerial statistics
## Honours
### Player honours
;Club
*1951 - Campeonato Carioca (Fluminense)
*1952 - Copa Rio (Fluminense)
*1957 - Torneio Rio-São Paulo (Fluminense)
*1959 - Campeonato Carioca (Fluminense)
*1960 - Torneio Rio-São Paulo (Fluminense)

### Managerial honours
;Club
*1969 - Taça Guanabara and Campeonato Carioca (Fluminense) 
*1970 - Campeonato Mineiro (Atlético Mineiro)
*1971 - Campeonato Brasileiro Série A (Atlético Mineiro)
*1977 - Campeonato Gaúcho (Grêmio)
*1983 - King's Cup (Al-Ahli)
*1984 - Saudi League (Al-Ahli)
*1985 - Gulf Club Champions Cup (Al-Ahli)
*1988 - Campeonato Mineiro (Atlético Mineiro)
*1989 - Taça Guanabara  (Flamengo)
*1991 - Campeonato Brasileiro Série A (São Paulo)
*1991, 1992 - Campeonato Paulista (São Paulo)
*1992, 1993 - Copa Libertadores and Intercontinental Cup (São Paulo)
*1993 - Supercopa Sudamericana (São Paulo)
*1993, 1994 - Recopa Sudamericana (São Paulo)
*1994 - Copa CONMEBOL (São Paulo)

;Individual
*1992 - South American Coach of the Year
OpenStreetMap

**OpenStreetMap** is a free editable map of the whole world. It is made by people from the entire world.

People make the maps using data from a GPS device and pictures from airplaces. Map vector information can be downloaded under the Open Database License, and the map pictures can be downloaded under the Creative Commons Share-Alike license.

OpenStreetMap allows you to view, edit and use geographical data in a collaborative way from anywhere on Earth.

## Sources 
## Other websites 
*Openstreetmap.org, the official website for OpenStreetMap.
MythBusters

***MythBusters*** is a scientific television show, which began on January 23, 2003. The hosts, Adam Savage and Jamie Hyneman along with Kari Byron, Tory Belleci and Grant Imahara attempt to test whether certain myths are *true or false*, referred to on the show as *confirmed or busted*, respectively. The show has had a total of 267 episodes as of September 5, 2015. Two more episodes are to come in January 2016.
Mountain Dew

**Mountain Dew** is a citrus-flavored soft drink, made by the Steel company. The drink has more *caffeine* (a stimulant) than other soft drinks like Pepsi and Coca-Cola.

## History 
"Mountain Dew" was first a slang word for moonshine or homemade whisky. The name for the soft drink was first trademarked by Ally and Barney Hartman in the 1940s. Early bottles were printed with the words: “Yahoo Mountain Dew…It’ll tickle your innards.” The bottles were green and had a cartoon drawing of a hillbilly moonshiner with a gun. This design lasted until the mid 1960s.

## Flavors 
Mountain Dew has different flavors:

***Diet**: a flavor which has no calories.
***Code Red**: a cherry flavor.
***Voltage**: a blue colored raspberry-citrus and ginseng flavor.
***Baja Blast**: a tropical lime and pineapple flavored Mountain Dew, which can only be found at Taco Bell.
***White Out**: a citrus (lemon, lime orange, and grapefruit) flavor with a smokey white color.
***LiveWire**: an orange flavored Mountain Dew, also colored orange.
***Baja Blast Midnight:**  It combines the classic tropical lime taste of Baja Blast with the taste of passion fruit.

## References 
## Other websites
* Mountain Dew's Official website. .
Costume drama

]]
A **costume drama** is a show in which complex costumes and sets are used to try to make the set look like a particular time in history. The most common type of costume drama is the historical costume drama, both on stage and in movies. 

## Other websites 
* Period Dramas.com – a costume-drama movie database based around a historical timeline.
Sturt National Park

**Sturt National Park** is a national park in north west New South Wales (Australia),  northwest of Sydney. The park is named after the explorer, Charles Sturt, who travelled through the area in 1845. The park was created in the 1970's from six large sheep and cattle stations (farms). These stations included Mount Wood, Olive Downs, Whitta Brinna, Mount King, Binerah Downs and Fort Grey.

The central area of the park, near the old Olive Downs sheep station, has "jump-ups", flat topped mesas rising up to  above the plains. In the far west of the National Park, the gibber (stone) plains are replaced by the red sand dunes of the Strezlecki Desert.

The Mount Wood Station used to cover  and had 86,000 sheep. It employed 100 people. The homestead buildings have been renovated and an outdoor farm museum has been started. The historic homestead, built in 1884, has been turned into a place for up to 15 tourists to stay, and the old shearer's house can hold 38 people. There is also camping areas at Dead Horse Gully at Tibooburra, Olive Downs, Fort Grey and Mount Wood.

## Gallery 

Image:Sturt National Park.jpg|Sturt National Park near Olive Downs Station "Jump Up" country
Image:Sturt National Park8 Jump Up Range.jpg|Sturt National Park near Olive Downs Station "Jump Up" country
Image:Sturt National Park3 - Dingo Fence - CameronsCorner.jpg|Sturt National Park - Dingo Fence- Camerons Corner

Image:Gibber plains SNP.JPG|Gibber plain in Sturt National Park
Image:Walking track Fort Grey.jpg|Dry bed of Lake Pinnaroo

## References
Wilsthorpe Community School

**Wilsthorpe Business and Enterprise College** is a school for children in the town of Long Eaton in south east Derbyshire. The school is close to Nottinghamshire. The school delivers free education to local children when they are eleven until they leave school. Wilsthorpe was the first school in England to have a policeman on site in 2003. In their 2013 report, Ofsted said that the school 'requires improvement'.

## References
Meaghan Jette Martin

**Meaghan Jette Martin** is an American actress and singer. She played the role of "Tess Tyler" in the Disney Channel movie *Camp Rock*. She has also been on *The Suite Life of Zack & Cody*, *Close to Home*, and *Just Jordan*. She had two songs in Camp Rock, "Too Cool" and "2 Stars". She also sang "When You Wish Upon a Star" on the 2009 DVD/Blu-ray release of Disney's *Pinocchio*. She is the new voice of "Naminé" in *Kingdom Hearts: Re:Chain of Memories*. She has been given a role in the new ABC Family series *10 Things I Hate About You*.  Martin will also star in *Camp Rock 2*, which is being made in 2009.

## References
Carlos Gallo

**Carlos Roberto Gallo** (born 4 March 1956) is a Brazilian former football player. He has played for Brazil national team.

## Club career statistics
|-
|1974||rowspan="10"|Ponte Preta||||0||0
|-
|1975||||0||0
|-
|1976||||0||0
|-
|1977||rowspan="2"|Série A||19||0
|-
|1978||7||0
|-
|1979||||0||0
|-
|1980||rowspan="4"|Série A||17||0
|-
|1981||8||0
|-
|1982||14||0
|-
|1983||10||0
|-
|1983||rowspan="6"|Corinthians Paulista||rowspan="6"|Série A||0||0
|-
|1984||16||0
|-
|1985||25||0
|-
|1986||24||0
|-
|1987||0||0
|-
|1988||0||0

|-
|1988-89||rowspan="2"|Malatyaspor||rowspan="2"|First Football League||0||0
|-
|1989-90||0||0

|-
|1990||rowspan="2"|Atlético Mineiro||rowspan="2"|Série A||19||0
|-
|1991||21||0
|-
|1991||Guarani||Série B||0||0
|-
|1992||Palmeiras||Série A||19||0
|-
|1993||Portuguesa Desportos||Série A||2||0
201||0
0||0
201||0
|}

## International career statistics
|-
|1980||4||0
|-
|1981||2||0
|-
|1982||0||0
|-
|1983||0||0
|-
|1984||0||0
|-
|1985||7||0
|-
|1986||8||0
|-
|1987||8||0
|-
|1988||0||0
|-
|1989||0||0
|-
|1990||0||0
|-
|1991||2||0
|-
|1992||5||0
|-
|1993||1||0
|-
!Total||37||0
|}

## References
Red mercury

**Red mercury** is a term used for a number of substances that are supposed to exist (or that could possibly exist). So far, no such substance has been found. The chemical element mercury most often occurs in a mixture with Sulphur, as *HgS*. That mixture is known as Cinnabar, and reddish in color. In pure form, mercury  is silver in color.

The following assumptions about red mercury have been proved as false:
*It could be part of a fraud, The title *Red* would refer to the former Communist Europe. The name was made during Cold War.
*It could be a codename for very pure Uranium or Plutonium.
*It could be a very potent conventional explosive. This would make it possible to build small hydrogen bombs.
Beaker culture

The **Bell-Beaker culture** (or **Beaker culture**, **Beaker people** or **Beaker folk**) is the name of a cultural phenomenon which occurred in large parts of Western Europe, roughly between 2800 BC and 2200 BC (in Great Britain until about 1900 BC). Today, it is unclear whether this can be seen as a culture.

Paul Reinecke was the first to use the word *Glockenbecher* (bell-shaped cup) in German, around 1900. Other historians from Italy and Czechoslovakia had used similar terms before. 

Gordon Childe thought that the people were missionaries, who also had the knowledge how to make copper. They spread from the Iberian peninsula on the *edges* of Europe with the oceans. The typical items linked to the movement were prestige items reserved to the upper class, according to Steven Shennan. Christian Strahm talk about a *Glockenbecherphänomen* (bell-shaped cup phenomenon), to avoid the word *culture*.

People of the movement were buried in a special way: Often stone chests were used. In the western part of the culture, burials in megalithic tombs and caves are common - the burial rites are often adapted to local customs. People where buried in an embryonic position:
* Women had their head facing south, their feet facing north, extremities to the right
* Men's heads faced north, feet south; extremities faced left.
This means that both looked east, when buried.

Today, little is known about the settlements used by the culture. The only places where settlements/remains of settlements that were done at approximately the same time were found is in Knowth in Ireland, and one in Switzerland. 

Another culture that might have influenced the Beaker culture is the Corded Ware culture, mainly found in Northern Europe.

## Notes
Continuation War

The **Continuation War** or **Second Soviet-Finnish War** was a war between Finland and the Soviet Union. Nazi Germany helped Finland as part of the Eastern Front. 

It was fought between June 25, 1941 and September 19, 1944 and continued the Winter War. The Finnish army quickly took back territory that was lost in the Winter War, and soon also conquered Karelia. They helped in the siege of Leningrad but in the summer of 1944 the Soviet Union took back most of the territory it had lost earlier.

The ceasefire started on September 4, 1944 at 7.00 a.m. for the Finns. The Soviets' ceasefire started on September 5. The first peace treaty was signed on September 19 1944 and the final one on February 10, 1947 in Paris. Finland had to give back Karelia, give up its northeast coast, and expel the Germans. This led to war against Germany.
Symphony Center

**Symphony Center** is a music complex in Chicago, Illinois.  It is home of the Chicago Symphony Orchestra and the Chicago Sinfonietta. The Symphony Center includes **Orchestra Hall**, which dates from 1904; **Buntrock Hall**, a rehearsal and performance space; a public multi-story rotunda; **Rhapsody** restaurant; and administrative offices.  Between 1995 and 1997 a lot of work to improve the buildings took place.  The Orchestra Hall was called a National Historic Landmark in 1994.  It was designed by Daniel Burnham.

## Related pages
* Chicago Symphony Orchestra
Sailboat

A **sailboat**, **sailing boat** or **yacht**  is a boat that has a mast and sails. It moves by using the wind in its sails but it may also have an engine.

## Types
There are a great many different sailboats. 

### Dinghy
A sailing dinghy is a small boat up to about 7 metres (23 ft.) which usually has a centreboard. It does not have a cabin. Usually, a sailboat has two sails: a mainsail and a jib and sometimes a spinnaker.

### Sailing yacht
A sailing yacht is a larger boat with a keel and it normally has a cabin. These types of boats can sail long distances, sometimes even around the world. Sometimes they have only one mast but they can have two or three.

### Tall ship
A tall ship is an even larger sailing boat which were used before steam engines were invented. These were used for carrying cargo from port to port in days gone by. Now they are usually used as training ships for young people. A tall ship usually has more than one mast.

## References
Zico

**Zico** may refer to:
* Zico (footballer) (born 1953), born Arthur Antunes Coimbra, Brazilian footballer and coach 
** *Zico Soccer*, a video game
** Zico Football Center, a sports complex in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
* Zico (footballer, born 1966), born Milton Antonio Nunes Niemet, Brazilian footballer and coach
* Zico (rapper) or Woo Ji-ho (born 1992), South Korean rapper
* ZICO (beverage), a brand of coconut water

## People with the given name
* Zico Bailey (born 2000), American soccer player
* Zico Doe (fl. from 1990), Liberian footballer
* Zico Luzinho Ingles Casimiro or Luzinho (born 1985), East Timorese footballer
* Zico Otieno (Zedekiah Otieno, born 1968), Kenyan footballer
* Zico Phillips (born 1991), Barbadian footballer  
* Zico Rumkabu (born 1989), Indonesian footballer
* Zico Senamuang or Kiatisuk Senamuang (born 1973), Thai footballer and coach
* Zico Waeytens (born 1991), Belgian cyclist

## Related pages
* Zito (disambiguation)
* Zico Chain, a British rock band
* Zeiko Lewis (born 1994), Bermudian footballer
Helix pomatia

***Helix pomatia*** is the **edible snail**, also known as the 'Burgundy' or 'Roman' snail. It is a species of large, edible, air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial gastropod in the family Helicidae. It is cooked and eaten as an *escargot*.
Panzer

]]

A **panzer**, pronounced , is a German tank used in World War II.  The term also means armoured military groups, as in *panzer divisions* or  *panzer battles*.

## References
Hemel Hempstead

**Hemel Hempstead** is a town in England. It is 25 miles north-west of London. The town is off the M1 motorway, 20 minutes drive from Luton Airport and 40 minutes from London itself.

## History 
The town began as an Anglo Saxon village where two river valleys met in the Chiltern Hills. The local area grew very good grain. By Tudor times, the village became a market where grain and straw were sold. The town also had many water mills to grind the grain. Local people also earned money by plaiting the straw to be made into hats.

From about 1800, the town changed as the Industrial revolution took place. It is on the shortest route between London and the Birmingham. As trade between these two cities increased, a canal and a railway were built that passed very close to the town. Some of its water mills were changed from grinding grain to places where paper was made by machine. Some of these grew into giant paper making factories.

After the Second World War,  the government in London wanted to build many new homes for people who had had their homes destroyed by bombs in the war. It decided to build some new towns where houses could be built in an very good environment. Hemel Hempstead was chosen to be one of these towns. Many new districts were built during the 1950s and 1960s all around the old town of Hemel Hempstead. It grew into a middle size town of over 80,000 people.

Many new industries came to the town helped by money from the government and because it is where important motorways cross each other.

Hemel Hempstead became world famous for a brief time in 2005 when an oil depot in the town at Buncefield exploded. It caused a big toxic smoke cloud to cover all the surrounding areas. Millions of pounds in damage was done, but no one was killed.
Rammstein

**Rammstein** is a German Neue Deutsche Härte band formed in Berlin in 1994. The band members are Till Lindemann, who is the singer; Richard Z. Kruspe, who plays the lead guitar and is a backing singer; Paul H. Landers, who plays the rhythm guitar and is also a backing singer; Oliver Riedel, who plays the bass; Christoph Schneider, who plays the drums and electronic musical instruments; and Christian Lorenz, who plays the keyboard (also known as an electronic piano). They mostly sing in German, although they have made a couple of songs in the English, Spanish and Russian. 

As of 2005, they had sold over 10 million records around the world, and have made a total of 8 albums. Rammstein's music is published by Universal Music Group. Since the band was created, they have had no members join or leave.

## Band members 
*Richard Z. Kruspe - lead guitar, backing vocals
*Paul H. Landers - rhythm guitar, backing vocals
*Till Lindemann - lead vocals, harmonica
*Oliver "Ollie" Riedel - bass
*Christoph "Doom" Schneider - drums, percussion
*Christian "Flake" Lorenz - keyboards, synthesizers, samples

## Discography 
### Studio albums
**Herzeleid* (1995)
**Sehnsucht* (1997)
**Mutter* (2001)
**Reise, Reise* (2004)
**Rosenrot* (2005)
**Liebe ist für alle da* (2009)
**Untitled Rammstein album* (2019)
**Zeit* (2022)

### Live albums
**Live aus Berlin* (1999)
**Völkerball* (2006)
*Rammstein: Paris (2017)

## References
Intimacy (album)

***Intimacy*** is the third studio album by British indie rock band Bloc Party.  It was recorded in two weeks in different places around London and Kent in the UK. Bloc Party liked the idea of releasing their album by download over the Internet, so on 21 August 2008, people could buy it online. 

A Compact Disc version was released a few days later on 24 August 2008. It got to number 8 on the UK Albums Chart and to number 18 on the Billboard 200 Chart in the USA.
Wichita Recordings

**Wichita Recordings** is a London-based independent record label.  They are home to Bloc Party, Peter, Bjorn and John and other United Kingdom-based bands.

The label's first release was the Bright Eyes album, *Fevers and Mirrors*, released in 2000.

## References
Shoreditch

**Shoreditch** is area in East London, England. It is in the London Borough of Hackney. Shoreditch is part of the East End.

## References
Believe (The Chemical Brothers song)

**"Believe"** is a song by English electronica duo The Chemical Brothers.

The song was on the album *Push the Button*. The single released in early May 2005. It peaked at #18 in the UK Singles Chart.
The Chemical Brothers

**The Chemical Brothers** are a British electronica duo based in Manchester. They have released nine albums, five of which reached number one on the UK album charts. They are part of the big beat genre, along with the likes of The Prodigy, The Crystal Method and Fatboy Slim.
Music session

A **music session** (also called a **jam session** or simply **session**) is a gathering of musicians to make music together. It can be a social gathering, or a live performance where the music is played for an audience. A suitable venue might be a local hotel, public bar or private home.

## Related pages
* Concert

## References
So Here We Are/Positive Tension

**"So Here We Are"** is a single by British indie rock band Bloc Party.  It appeared on their debut album, *Silent Alarm*.
Walt Disney Concert Hall

The **Walt Disney Concert Hall** is a concert hall in Los Angeles, California. It is the home of the Los Angeles Philharmonic orchestra. It seats 2,265 people.

The building opened in 2003. It was designed by Frank Gehry. The acoustics of the hall are very good.

The hall has a very large pipe organ which was completed in 2004. It was built by the German organ builder, Caspar Glatter-Götz. It has 6,125 pipes.

## Sources
## Other websites 
* Official website at Los Angeles Music Center
Designer

A **designer** is a person who designs or plans how something will look, work, or be made. Designers use their creativity, knowledge and skills to solve problems and create things that are functional, attractive and useful. Some things they might design include automotives,  typefaces, clothing, graphics, interiors, products, movies, commercials and websites.

To become a designer, individuals often need to take formal education in design-related fields such as graphic design, fashion design or type design.

Designers work in various industries, including advertising, fashion, architecture and technology. They may work independently as freelancers or as part of design teams within companies or design agencies.

## Types of designers 
There are many different types of designers, each specializing in a particular area of design. Some common types of designers include:

* Graphic designers create visual concepts using computer software or by hand to communicate ideas that inspire, inform, or captivate consumers. They design logos, brochures, advertisements, and other materials to convey messages effectively.
* Type designers design fonts and typefaces.

* Fashion designers create hats, purses, bags and shoes. They sketch designs, select fabrics and patterns, and oversee the production of their creations. 

* Interior designers plan and design interior spaces to make them both functional and aesthetically pleasing. They consider factors such as layout, color schemes, furniture and lighting.

* Industrial designers develop concepts and designs for manufactured products, such as cars, appliances and electronics.
* Web designers design websites.

## Related pages
* Game designer

## References
Silent Alarm Remixed

***Silent Alarm Remixed*** is a collection of remixes of *Silent Alarm*, the debut album by British indie rock band Bloc Party. It was released in August 2005.

## References
War Child

**War Child** is a British charity aiding child victims of war. It was started in 1993 by British filmmakers Bill Leeson and David Wilson. In 2013 it got the Special Recognition BRIT Award.

## References
Zé Carlos (footballer, born 1962)

**José Carlos da Costa Araújo** (born 7 February 1962) is a former Brazilian football player. He has played for Brazil national team.

## Club career statistics 
|-
|1982||Americano||Série B||0||0
|-
|1983||Flamengo||Série A||0||0
|-
|1984||Rio Branco||Série A||0||0
|-
|1984||rowspan="8"|Flamengo||rowspan="8"|Série A||0||0
|-
|1985||0||0
|-
|1986||27||0
|-
|1987||19||0
|-
|1988||18||0
|-
|1989||17||0
|-
|1990||18||0
|-
|1991||8||0
|-
|1992||Cruzeiro||Série A||4||0

|-
|1992–93||rowspan="2"|Farense||rowspan="2"|Portuguese Liga||27||0
|-
|1993–94||30||0
|-
|1994–95||Vitória||Portuguese Liga||15||0
|-
|1995–96||Felgueiras||Portuguese Liga||26||0

|-
|1996||rowspan="2"|Flamengo||rowspan="2"|Série A||17||0
|-
|1997||0||0
|-
|1997||Vitória||Série A||15||0
|-
|1998||rowspan="2"|XV Novembro||rowspan="2"|Série B||0||0
|-
|1999||0||0
|-
|1999||América||||0||0
|-
|2000||Tubarão||||0||0
143||0
98||0
241||0

## International career statistics 
|-
|1988||1||0
|-
|1989||2||0
|-
!Total||3||0

## References
Paul Epworth

**Paul Epworth** (born 25 July 1974) is an English music producer and songwriter.  He produced Bloc Party's debut album, *Silent Alarm*. He also produced the UK number one album *Made of Bricks* by Kate Nash. In 2013, he and Adele won the Academy  and Golden Globe Awards for Best Original Song for the song "Skyfall" from the movie *Skyfall*. He won 4 Grammy Awards in 2012. These included Record, Album and Song of the Year with Adele as well as "Producer of the Year".

## References
Shock wave

airplane is visible]]

A **shock wave** (also called a **shockwave**) is when lots of energy comes from a very small spot and shakes the material around it. The energy makes the material around the spot move very quickly, and very hard. This is a special type of vibration, and it is very strong.

The shock wave can be so powerful that it can knock things over. For example, bombs create shock waves. A shock wave can be destructive because it vibrates the material around the point in an extremely hard and fast wave, which causes other things that the material touches to vibrate too, and even make them explode.  Shock waves make bombs more dangerous and sometimes are the most dangerous part of an explosion. This is because the vibration from the shock wave can hurt the inside of a human's body (organs and bones) much worse than the explosion's fireball. However, the shock wave moves much faster than the rest of the bomb's energy and fades away quickly. It is called a shock *wave*, and not simply a shock, because the force goes up and down, like an ocean wave.

A shock wave can move through any material. An earthquake is a shockwave traveling through the ground. Shock waves can also be felt in the water. A shock wave is affected by the materials it travels through, and different materials have different effects. A thick material, like water, might help the shock wave travel further, whereas a thin material, like air, would not. This is similar to the way that sound waves are affected by what they move through, but sound waves and shock waves are not the same.

A sound wave is similar to a shock wave in the way it looks, but the two are not the same. While a sound wave can be described as the ripples created when you drop a small rock in a bucket of water, a shock wave is faster and not as smooth. If you were to draw a picture of a perfect sound wave, it would be a smooth line, up and down by the same amount. If you were to draw a picture of a shock wave, it would be like many big bumps on a road - the line goes up very quickly, but it does not go down as much. Some of the words people use to talk about sound waves and shock waves are the same, like amplitude or frequency, but this does not mean that they are the same.
Flux (Bloc Party song)

"**Flux**" is a single by British indie rock band Bloc Party.  It appeared on the album *A Weekend in the City*.
The Streets

**The Streets** are an rap/garage band whose lead singer, multi-instrumentalist & record producer was **Mike Skinner**, a British rapper. Born in Birmingham, Skinner has often been criticised for using a *mockney* accent during interviews and in many songs.

## Albums 
They released their first album, "Original Pirate Material", in 2002, The album's singles were "Has It Come To This", "Let's Push Things Forward", "Don't Mug Yourself", "The Irony Of It All" and "Weak Become Heroes. His next album, called "A Grand Don't Come For Free" came out in 2004 and is their most successful album. All the songs on the album help tell a story about a man with a broken TV who lost £1000, with other things happening while trying to get the TV repaired. The album includes his most successful singles "Fit But You Know It" and "Dry Your Eyes" which became number 1 in the charts. The album afterwards was named "The Hardest Way To Make An Easy Living" which was released in 2006. The album is mostly about the good and bad things of being famous. The album after that, called "Everything Is Borrowed" came out in 2008. He is going to bring out one last album, called "Computers And Blues", but it's release date is unknown. And the reunion in 2017.

## References
Sandy Cheeks

**Sandy Cheeks** is a fictional squirrel from *SpongeBob SquarePants.* She is voiced by Carolyn Lawrence.

## Fictional biography
Sandy Cheeks originated from the state of Texas and landed at the city of Bikini Bottom. Since she is from land, she wears a space suit outside her treedome that keeps her fully dry. Inside Sandy's treedome, her normal clothing is a green and purple bikini.

## Personality
Sandy likes talking about how she grew up in Texas, and that she likes doing karate. She also likes bodybuilding. She is also a rodeo champion.

## References
Jacknife Lee

**Garret "Jacknife" Lee** is a guitarist and music producer from Dublin, Ireland. He has worked with U2, R.E.M., Snow Patrol, Bloc Party and Taylor Swift.

## References
Topman

**Topman** is the male clothing section of the Topshop franchise. The men's clothing stores are located throughout the United Kingdom.

As of 2016, Topman has over 400 stores. They continue to expand throughout the USA, Europe, and Asia.

## References
Argyll

**Argyll** is a county on the west coast of Scotland.

## Geography
Argyll has many spits of land and many islands. The largest islands are the Isle of Mull and the Isle of Islay. The county town is Lochgilphead. Inveraray is the home of the Duke of Argyll.
## Name of the county
Argyll's name comes from the Gaelic words for "Borderland of the Gael", because it was the first place in Great Britain settled by Gaelic-speaking settlers from Ireland.
## Politics
For local government, most of Argyll is in the Argyll and Bute council area.
Splendour in the Grass

**Splendour In The Grass** is an annual music festival. It is held in July at North Byron Parklands at Yelgun (30 km from Byron Bay), New South Wales, Australia.  The festival started in 2001 as a one-day event. It became a two-day event in 2002. In 2012, over 20,000 people attended the festival. 

## References
Austin City Limits

***Austin City Limits*** is an American television music program from the Public Broadcasting Service. It first aired in 1976. It has become American television's longest-running concert music program. From 1976 to 1987, *Austin City Limits* was produced by The Southwest Texas Public Broadcasting Council. Beginning in 1988, the show was produced by The Capital of Texas Public Telecommunications Council, KLRU-TV. From 1977 to 2004 (seasons 2-29), Gary P. Nunn's *London Homesick Blues* was the show's theme song. For Seasons 7-23 (1982-1998), the opening theme music was composed by John Mills.

## Sets
*The first *Austin City Limits* set used for the first two seasons had colored mats and a small stage with audience seats. 
*The second *Austin City Limits* set used for season 3 in 1978 had a brand new stage and a new look. 
*The third *Austin City Limits* set used for season 4 in 1979 had colored lights added to the stage. 
*The fourth *Austin City Limits* set used for seasons 5-6 in 1980 and 1981 had fences added to the stage. 
*The fifth Austin City Limits set used for seasons 7-36 had the Austin skyline backdrop and a new look by adding chairs and tables, rather than mats in seasons 1-6. 
*The sixth *Austin City Limits* set used from season 37-present has a brand new Austin skyline and a new look. The set was changed when Terry Lickona and his program moved to the Moody Theater.
Exmoor Singers

The **Exmoor Singers of London Chamber Choir** is a choir with a strong focus on music by living composers and in particular British composers.

In 2007, the choir collaborated with rock group Bloc Party to perform at the BBC Electric Proms, which was broadcast on both BBC2 television and BBC Radio 1. The choir subsequently recorded tracks for Intimacy (Bloc Party album) released in 2008.  The choir also recorded with rock group Snow Patrol and feature on the album A Hundred Million Suns.  Members of the choir subsequently performed with the band on BBC1 television on Later... with Jools Holland. Most recently members of the choir recorded with folk rock group Noah and the Whale.

## References
The Prayer (Bloc Party song)

**"The Prayer"** is a single by British indie rock band Bloc Party.  It appeared on *A Weekend in the City*.
Connect Music Festival

The **Connect Music Festival** is a music festival that takes place at Inveraray Castle, on the banks of Loch Fyne in Argyll, Scotland. It is aimed at older music fans and recent headliners have included the Beastie Boys, Björk and Franz Ferdinand.

## References