open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Martian Manhunter

* character.]]
The **Martian Manhunter** (*'J'onn J'onzz**, alias: **John Jones'*) is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics. He was created by writer Joseph Samachson and designed by artist Joe Certa. The character first appeared in the story "The Manhunter from Mars" in *Detective Comics* #225 (Nov. 1955). Martian Manhunter is one of the seven original members of the Justice League of America. 

## Publication history 
The character was created by writer Joseph Samachson and designed by artist Joe Certa. He first appeared in the story "The Manhunter from Mars" in *Detective Comics'' #225 (Nov. 1955). 

## Fictional character biography 
A martian holocaust killed his wife and daughter, nearly driving him mad, until he was brought to Earth in an accident caused by scientist Saul Erdel. Although he holds great reverence for his homeworld, he has come to greatly respect his adopted world as well and protects it as his home. In his secret identity, to blend into humanity, he is a gritty hard-boiled police officer. 

## Powers and abilities 
His natural abilities include super-strength, super-speed, invulnerability, flight, shape-shifting, intangibility and telepathy. 

## In other media 
J'onn J'onzz has featured in other DC Comics-endorsed products, such as video games like Injustice: Gods Among Us, television series, animated films, and merchandise like action figures and trading cards. He also appears in the DC Extended Universe, played by Harry Lennix, though he pretends to be General Swanwick and is not shown to be the Martian Manhunter until ''Zack Snyder's Justice League''. The character was ranked #43 on IGN's greatest comic book hero list.

## References
Black Canary

**Black Canary** (also known as **Sara Lance**) is the name of two fictional superheroines appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics: Dinah Drake and Dinah Laurel Lance along with rebooted amalgam version within The New 52. The original version was created by the writer-artist team of Robert Kanigher and Carmine Infantino. The character debuted in *Flash Comics* #86 (August 1947).

One of DC's earliest super-heroines, Black Canary has appeared in many of the company's flagship team-up titles including Justice Society of America and Justice League of America. Since the late 1960s, the character has been paired with archer superhero The Green Arrow professionally and romantically.

## In other media 
Black Canary has been adapted into various media. In *Birds of Prey* she was played by Rachel Skarsten, and in *Smallville* she was played by Alaina Huffman. In *Arrow* and the Arrowverse shows the characters Dinah Laurel Lance, Sara Lance, and Dinah Drake are portrayed by Katie Cassidy, Caity Lotz, and Juliana Harkavy. Dinah Lance made her cinematic debut in the DC Extended Universe film *Birds of Prey*, portrayed by Jurnee Smollett-Bell.

IGN rated her its 81st-greatest all-time comic book hero. She was number 26 on ''Comics Buyer's Guide's'' "100 Sexiest Women in Comics" list.

## References
Black Manta

**Black Manta** (**David Hyde**) is a fictional supervillain appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics. The character first appeared in *Aquaman* #35 (September 1967) and is the archenemy of the superhero Aquaman.

## Fictional character biography 
Black Manta has had numerous origin stories throughout his comic book appearances, having been a young boy kidnapped and enslaved by pirates on their ship; an orphan subjected to cruel experiments in Arkham Asylum; and a high-seas treasure hunter caught in a mutual cycle of vengeance with Aquaman over the deaths of their fathers. Despite these different versions of his past, Black Manta is consistently depicted as a ruthless underwater mercenary who is obsessed with ruining Aquaman's life. As Aquaman's nemesis, Black Manta has been part of the superhero's defining stories, including the murder of Arthur Curry, Jr.–Aquaman's infant son–and numerous attempts to destroy Aquaman's home kingdom of Atlantis. A black armored suit with a large, bug-eyed metal helmet serves as Black Manta's visual motif.

## In other media 
The character made his movie debut in the James Wan's *Aquaman* movie (2018), played by Yahya Abdul-Mateen II, while Kevin Michael Richardson, Khary Payton and others have provided his voice in animation and video games.

## References
Gorilla Grodd

**Gorilla Grodd** is a fictional supervillain appearing in American comic book published by DC Comics. He was written as an enemy of The Flash. The character first appeared in *The Flash* #106 (May 1959) and he was created by John Broome and Carmine Infantino. 

## Fictional character biography 
Gorilla Grodd is an evil and super-intelligent gorilla who gained mental powers after being exposed to the radiation of a meteorite.

IGN named him 35th of the Top 100 Comic Book Villains.

## Powers and abilities 
Grodd's psionic abilities allow him to place other beings under his mental control and transfer his consciousness into other bodies. Grodd also has (on occasion) vast telekinetic abilities ranging from force beams, telekinetic transmutation of matter and lifting thousands of tons mentally.

## In other media 
Grodd has appeared in several forms of DC-related media, such as the *Super Friends* franchise (voiced by Stanley Ralph Ross), the DC Animated Universe (voiced by Powers Boothe), and the Arrowverse television series *The Flash* (voiced by David Sobolov).

## References
Aquaman (movie)

***Aquaman*** is a 2018 American superhero movie based on the DC Comics character of the same name. Distributed by Warner Bros. Pictures, it is the sixth movie in the DC Extended Universe (DCEU). The movie was directed by James Wan, from a screenplay by David Leslie Johnson-McGoldrick and Will Beall and stars Jason Momoa as Aquaman, with Amber Heard, Willem Dafoe, Patrick Wilson, Dolph Lundgren, Yahya Abdul-Mateen II, and Nicole Kidman in supporting roles. In the movie, Aquaman sets out to lead the underwater kingdom of Atlantis, replacing his half-brother, King Orm, who seeks to unite the seven underwater kingdoms against the surface world.

## Cast
* Jason Momoa as Arthur Curry / Aquaman:
:The king of the undersea nation of Atlantis, with the ability to manipulate the tides of the ocean, communicate with other aquatic life, swim at supersonic speeds, and possesses superhuman strength. Otis Dhanji portrays a young Arthur Curry.
* Amber Heard as Mera:
:The queen of the undersea nation of Atlantis and Arthur's love interest. Mera possesses hydrokinetic and telepathic powers that allow her to control her aquatic environment and communicate with other Atlanteans.
* Willem Dafoe as Nuidis Vulko: Atlantis' chief scientific advisor.
* Patrick Wilson as Orm Marius / Ocean Master:
:Aquaman's corrupted half-brother, who seeks to take the throne. Wilson previously had a voice cameo as the President of the United States in *Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice*.
* Yahya Abdul-Mateen II as David Hyde / Black Manta: A ruthless treasure hunter and mercenary, who is Aquaman's archenemy.
* Temuera Morrison as Thomas Curry: Arthur Curry's father.
* Dolph Lundgren as Nereus: The king of the undersea nation of Xebel.
* Nicole Kidman as Atlanna: Arthur Curry's mother, and former queen of Atlantis.
* Ludi Lin as Murk: The leader of the Men-of-War, the frontline army of Atlantis.
* Djimon Hounsou as the Fisherman King
* Michael Beach as Jesse Kane: Black Manta's father.
* Randall Park as Dr. Stephen Shin: A marine biologist who was friends with Arthur's father.
Graham McTavish has been cast in the movie, though his role is currently unknown.

## Background
Principal photography began in May 2017 on the Gold Coast, Australia.
## Sequel
A sequel is in development. Much of the first film's cast, including Mamoa, Heard, and Wilson, will reprise their roles.

## References
## Other websites
* 
* 
* 
*
Mera (character)

**Mera** () is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics. She was developed by Jack Miller and Nick Cardy. She is the wife of the superhero Aquaman. The character first appeared in *Aquaman* #11 (September 1963) as a queen of the sea. Mera was ranked 81st in ''Comics Buyer's Guide's'' "100 Sexiest Women in Comics" list.

## Fictional character biography 
Originally portrayed as a supporting character to her husband, the superhero Aquaman, possessing the formidable hydrokinetic power to create and control water, modern writers have given greater emphasis to her superhuman physical strength. Mera has been depicted as a member of DC Comics' flagship superhero team, the Justice League. Queen Mera's earlier storylines have also portrayed her mental breakdown, as she was faced with crippling loss. The stories explored her attempts at coping with lasting anger and rage. More recent storylines have explored her approach to rulership in comparison to her husband.

## In other media 
The character has been adapted substantially in various media, she was played by Elena Satine on *Smallville.* American actress Amber Heard portrays Mera in the live-action movies *Justice League*, directed by Zack Snyder, *Aquaman*, directed by James Wan,in ''Zack Snyder's Justice League* (2021), and in *Aquaman and the Lost Kingdom'' (2023).

## References
Geoff Johns

**Geoff Johns** (born January 25, 1973 in Detroit, Michigan) is an American comic book and television writer, movie producer, and television producer. He is the president and Chief Creative Officer at DC Comics since 2010.

His most notable work in different media has used the DC Comics characters Green Lantern, Aquaman, The Flash, and Superman. He is known for his work on The WB/The CW's *Smallville*, *Arrow* and *The Flash*.

Johns is also a comic book retailer who co-owns Earth-2 Comics in Northridge, California with Carr D'Angelo and Jud Meyers.

In 2016, Johns was made the co-runner of the DC Extended Universe, and co-chairman of DC Films in order to create a unified vision and overarching story for the franchise.

## References
Norman McCabe

**Norman McCabe** (February 10, 1911 – January 17, 2006) was an American animator, cartoonist, and director. He is famous for creating animated cartoons during the Golden Age of Hollywood. He did his most major work for the Warner Bros. studios. He created the characters of Porky Pig and Daffy Duck. His had an effect on almost all of the animated cartoon series by various studios in the 1940s.

## Other websites 
*
Yahya Abdul-Mateen II

**Yahya Abdul-Mateen II** (born 1986) is an American actor. He is best known for his role Cadillac in the television series *The Get Down*. He also starred in *Baywatch* (2017). He also appeared in *The Greatest Showman* and DC's *Aquaman* as Black Manta.

Abdul-Mateen was born in New Orleans, Louisiana. Before acting, Abdul-Mateen was an architect.

## References
## Other websites
*
Sinestro

**Thaal Sinestro** () is a fictional supervillain appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics. 

## Fictional character biography 
Sinestro is a former Green Lantern Corps member who was dishonorably discharged for abusing his power. He is the archenemy of Green Lantern and founder of the Sinestro Corps, though he occasionally has acted in anti-heroic roles as well.

The character was created by John Broome and Gil Kane, and first appeared in *Green Lantern* (vol. 2) # 7 (August 1961).

In 2009, IGN ranked Sinestro as the 15th Greatest Comic Book Villain of All Time.

## In other media 
The character has been adapted to different forms of media, including toys, television series, and video games. Mark Strong portrays Sinestro in the live-action movie *Green Lantern*.

## References
The Wizard (movie)

***The Wizard*** is a 1989 American adventure comedy-drama family movie. It was directed by Todd Holland. It was written by David Chisholm. It stars Fred Savage, Christian Slater, , Beau Bridges, and Luke Edwards.

The movie is about three children travelling to California. The youngest of the three is a genius in video games. *The Wizard* is famous for its extensive product placement of video games for the Nintendo Entertainment System. The MOVIE was also famous for being North America's introduction to one of the best-selling video games of all time, *Super Mario Bros. 3*.

## Plot 
After his little brother, Jimmy (Luke Edwards), a boy who is always with his lunchbox, is put into a mental institution, Corey (Fred Savage) breaks him out and the pair run off together to California. On their way, Corey meets a girl named Haley (Jenny Lewis) and discovers that Jimmy is a genius at playing video games. With talents like this, he could easily win the top prize of $50,000 at Video Armageddon. While the three travellers are going (hitch-hiking) to the competition, the boys' parents hire a bounty hunter to track them down.

## Primary cast 
* Fred Savage as Corey Woods
* Luke Edwards as Jimmy Woods
* Jenny Lewis as Haley Brooks
* Christian Slater as Nick Woods
* Beau Bridges as Sam Woods
* Will Seltzer as Putnam
* Wendy Phillips as Christine Bateman
* Sam McMurray as Mr. Bateman

## Production 
Recording took place between June 5 and July 25, 1989. Lee Hartney from The Smith Street Band was nearly cast in the lead role, but due to location conflicts (problems) was never officially offered the part. In a 2008 reunion and 2014 interview, Todd Holland, the director of the movie, revealed that the original cut of the movie was 2.5 hours long and included an extended backstory (background) for Corey and Jimmy.

## Music 
* BoDeans – "You Don't Get Much"
* Pasty Cline – "Leavin' On Your Mind"
* BoDeans – "Red River"
* New Kids on the Block – "You Got It (The Right Stuff)"
* Real Life – "Send Me an Angel '89"
* New Kids on the Block – "Hangin' Tough"
* Martha & The Vandellas – "Nowhere to Run"
* Paul Carrack – "I Live by the Groove"
* Bobby Brown – "Don't Be Cruel"
* Paul Anka – "My Way"
* Sally Dworsky – "I Found My Way"

## References
Mark Esper

**Mark Thomas Esper** (born April 26, 1964) is an American lobbyist and former government administrator for the United States Department of Defense. Esper was the 27th United States Secretary of Defense from July 2019 until November 2019. He was the 23rd United States Secretary of the Army from November 2017 until July 2019. He served as Vice President of government relations at Raytheon.

Esper studied at United States Military Academy, Harvard University and at George Washington University.

On July 19, 2017, it was announced that President Donald Trump had the intention of nominating Esper to become U.S. Secretary of the Army. He is Trump's third nominee for the position, following the withdrawals of Vincent Viola and Mark E. Green. He was confirmed by the Senate on November 15, 2017. He resigned on June 24, 2019 to become acting Defense Secretary.

President Donald Trump announced on June 18, 2019, that Esper would become acting Secretary of Defense. Three days later, Trump nominated Esper to serve the job full-time. On July 23, 2019, his nomination was confirmed by a vote of 90–8.

On November 5, 2020, shortly after the 2020 presidential election, it was reported that Esper had prepared a letter of resignation from his position as Secretary of Defense. He was fired by President Trump four days later on November 9.

## References
Joe Morton

**Joseph Thomas** "**Joe**" **Morton, Jr.** (born October 18, 1947) is an American actor. He worked with movie director John Sayles in *The Brother from Another Planet* (1984), *City of Hope* (1991) and *Lone Star* (1996). He is also known for his role as Lt. McMahon in the 1994 action movie *Speed*.

In 2014, Morton won the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Guest Actor in a Drama Series for his role as Eli Pope in *Scandal*. He is also known for playing the role of Henry Deacon on the popular TV series *Eureka*.

In 2016, Morton played Dr. Silas Stone, father of Victor Stone/Cyborg, in a cameo role in *Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice* as part of the DC Extended Universe. He will play the role again in the upcoming *Justice League* (2017).

## References
## Other websites
* 
* Joe Morton sings "The Devil's Lonely Fire" from *Badland*.
Belt and Road Initiative

The **Belt and Road Initiative** (BRI), also known as the **New Silk Road**, is a plan by the government of the People's Republic of China to build infrastructure for transportation, from China to other countries in Asia, Europe, and Africa. The project was announced in 2013. The "Belt" means the roads and railway tracks on land. The "Road" means sea routes.

A high-speed railway in Thailand is part of OBOR; the Bangkok-Phitsanulok High-Speed Railway is under construction (as of 2017).

The idea has always had its critics. There has been criticism about human rights violations and environmental impact. In the main, the critics do not expect most recipient countries to pay China back. In many cases there is not the slightest chance of repayment. Secondly, some (many?) of the railways are quite obviously "railways to nowhere". This is clearest in Africa.

"Some 150 countries have signed on to the Belt and Road with China, including 22 in Latin America", media said (2024).

Member countries in Europe, includes Hungary, Slovakia and Serbia.
## Related pages
*Economy of China
*Political problems of China
## References
Yash Pal

**Yash Pal** (26 November 1926 – 24 July 2017), also known as **Yash Pal Singh**, was an Indian scientist, educator and educationist. He was known for his works to the study of cosmic rays, as well as for being an institution-builder. In his later years, he has become one of the leading science communicators of the country.

Starting his career at Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR), he later remained chairman of the University Grants Commission from 1986 to 1991. In 2013, he was awarded India's second highest civilian honour, the Padma Vibhushan.

Pal died of lung cancer on 24 July 2017 in Noida, Uttar Pradesh at the age of 90.

## References
## Other websites
* teindia.nic.in  (PDF)
Supreme Leader Snoke

**Supreme Leader Snoke** is a fictional character and a major antagonist in the *Star Wars* franchise. He was introduced in the 2015 movie *Star Wars: The Force Awakens*. He is a CGI character voiced and performed by Andy Serkis.

Snoke is the leader of the First Order, an organization brought back from the fallen Galactic Empire, which wants to reclaim control of the galaxy. Powerful with The Force, he has seduced Kylo Ren to become evil and eventually led to him killing his father Han Solo. 

Snoke also appeared in Star Wars: The Last Jedi where he bridges the minds of Rey and Kylo Ren in order to manipulate them. Kylo Ren kills Snoke and takes his place as leader of the First Order. In Star Wars: The Rise of Skywalker it is revealed that Snoke is a clone and a puppet of the resurrected Darth Sidious.

## References
Star Wars: The Last Jedi

***Star Wars: The Last Jedi*** (also known as ***Star Wars: Episode VIII – The Last Jedi***) is an American epic space opera movie written and directed by Rian Johnson. It was released worldwide in December 2017. It is the second movie in the *Star Wars* sequel trilogy, after *Star Wars: The Force Awakens*. It is followed by *Star Wars: The Rise of Skywalker.*

## Cast
The movie is produced by Lucasfilm and distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures. It stars Mark Hamill, Carrie Fisher, Adam Driver, Daisy Ridley, John Boyega, Oscar Isaac, Lupita Nyong'o, Domhnall Gleeson, Anthony Daniels, Gwendoline Christie, and Andy Serkis in returning roles. New cast members include Benicio del Toro, Laura Dern, and Kelly Marie Tran. Fisher died in December 2016, making *The Last Jedi* her final movie role.

## Background
The movie was announced after Disney's purchase of Lucasfilm in October 2012. It is produced by Ram Bergman and Lucasfilm president Kathleen Kennedy. John Williams, composer for the previous seven films, returned to compose the score. Scenes that required shooting at Skellig Michael in Ireland were filmed during pre-production in September 2015, with principal photography beginning at Pinewood Studios in England in February 2016 and ending in July 2016.

*The Last Jedi* was released on December 15, 2017. A sequel, *Star Wars: The Rise of Skywalker*, was released on December 20, 2019.

## Critical response 
On Rotten Tomatoes, the film has an approval rating of 91% based on 379 critic reviews, with an average rating of 8.1/10.

## Further reading
*

## References
## Other websites
*
* 
* 
* 
* *The Last Jedi* The Movie Database
Kujataa

"Kujataa is a sub-arctic farming landscape in the southern region of Greenland".

The first known example of agriculture (or farming) in the Arctic is at Kujataa.

The oldest trace of the spreading of the Old Norse culture outside Europe is at Kujataa.

## History
Kujataa got its name on the UNESCO World Heritage List in 2017.

## References
Paul D. Boyer

**Paul Delos Boyer** (July 31, 1918 &ndash; June 2, 2018) was an American biochemist, analytical chemist, and a professor of chemistry at University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA). 

Boyer shared the 1997 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for research on the "enzymatic mechanism underlying the biosynthesis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP)" (ATP synthase) with John E. Walker, making Boyer the only Utah-born Nobel laureate; the remainder of the Prize in that year was awarded to Danish chemist Jens Christian Skou for his discovery of the Na+/K+-ATPase.

In 2003 he was one of 22 Nobel Laureates who signed the Humanist Manifesto.

Boyer died two months shy of his 100th birthday in Los Angeles, California on June 2, 2018 of respiratory failure.

## References
## Other websites
* Photograph, Biography and Bibliographic Resources, from the Office of Scientific and Technical Information, United States Department of Energy
* Nobel autobio. — Paul D. Boyer 
* Nobel Prize press release — The 1997 Nobel Prize in Chemistry
* UCLA webpage — Paul D. Boyer
Crawford County, Ohio

**Crawford County** is a county of Ohio in the United States. In 2020, 42,025 people lived there. The county seat is Bucyrus.

## References
Greene County, Ohio

**Greene County** is a county of Ohio in the United States. In 2020, 167,966 people lived there. Its county seat is Xenia. It was named for General Nathanael Greene, an officer in the Revolutionary War.
## References
Campbell, Ohio

**Campbell** (; ) is a city in Mahoning County, Ohio, United States. The population was 7,852 at the 2020 census.

## References
Befotaka

**Befotaka** is a town in Atsimo-Atsinanana Region in south-eastern Madagascar. It is near the Itomampy river.
Sogndal

**Sogndal** is a municipality in Norway. It is in Sogn og Fjordane county. It is on the northern shore of the Sognefjorden in the traditional district of Sogn. The village of Sogndalsfjøra (population 3,455 in 2012) is the administrative center of Sogndal municipality. Other villages include Kaupanger, Kjørnes, Fimreite, Nornes, and Fjærland.  Sogndal Airport, Haukåsen is  southwest of Kaupanger.

In 1917, a farmer in Sogndal plowed up the Eggja stone, a gravestone with runic inscriptions important for the history of the Old Norse language.

The mayor, Stig Ove Ølmheim, is elected until late 2027.
## Related pages
*List of mayors in Norway that are elected until 2027

## Other websites
* Official Homepage of Sogndal
Degen, Switzerland

**Degen** was a municipality, in the new municipality of Lumnezia and the district of Surselva in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland.

## Other websites
* Official Website
Disentis

**Disentis/Mustér** (, ) is a municipality of the district of Surselva in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland.

## References
## Other websites
* Official webpage of the municipality Disentis/Mustér 
*
Egesheim

**Egesheim** is a municipality in Tuttlingen in Baden-Württemberg, Germany.

## References 
## Other websites 
*
Le Vaud

**Le Vaud** is a municipality in the district of Nyon in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.

## References
## Other websites
* Official website 
* Zoo de la Garenne
Emmingen-Liptingen

**Emmingen-Liptingen** is a municipality of the district of Tuttlingen in the state of Baden-Württemberg, Germany.

## History 
Emmingen was first mentioned in 820, Liptingen in 761. The municipalities were joined together in 1975.

## References 
## Other websites 
* 
* Official website
Flix

**Flix** is a municipality found in the province of Tarragona in the autonomous community of Catalonia in Spain.

## References
Bludesch

**Bludesch** is a municipality in the district of Bludenz in the Austrian state of Vorarlberg.

## References
Centerville, Ohio

**Centerville** is a city in Ohio in the United States. It is in both Montgomery and Greene counties.

## References
BMW Z4

The **BMW Z4** is a rear-wheel drive sports car by the German car maker BMW. It is part of a line of past BMW roadsters such as the BMW Z1, BMW 507, BMW Z8, and the BMW Z3. The Z4 replaces the Z3. First generation production started in 2002 to replace the BMW Z3 introduced in 1995, at a plant in Greer, South Carolina, of BMW US. Both roadster and coupe versions of the car were made.

The Z4’s body dimensions were larger and its wheelbase was longer and wider. The suspension was also upgraded to be stiffer and the car was equipped with a sport package which firmed up the steering.

When it came out, it won *Automobile* magazine's "Design of the Year Award". With the 2009 model year, BMW started making the second-generation Z4 at BMW's Regensburg, Germany plant as a retractable hardtop roadster. In 2009, the BMW Z4 II won the Red Dot Design Award.

## References
Lost in Space

***Lost in Space*** is an American science fiction TV series which was created by Irwin Allen and produced at the 20th Century Fox studios. It ran on CBS from 1965 until 1968, making three seasons with a total of 83 episodes. Its first season was made in black-and-white while its second and third seasons were made in color. The show stars Guy Williams, June Lockhart, Mark Goddard, Marta Kristen, Billy Mumy, Angela Cartwright and Jonathan Harris. The show's music was composed by Johnny Williams.

## Plot
*Lost in Space* is set to the year 1997, when the United States sends the Robinson family on a mission in outer space to the planet Alpha Centauri, which is thought to support life. However, while trying to sabotage this mission, Dr. Smith is accidentally trapped inside the ship, *Jupiter 2*. To try to return to Earth, Dr. Smith ends up changing the ship's course, causing him and the Robinsons to become hopelessly lost in space. Because the series was unexpectedly canceled, the story was never finished. In the last episode, Dr. Smith and the Robinsons are still lost in space, stuck in a junkyard.

## Cast 
* Guy Williams as Dr. John Robinson, father of the Robinsons
* June Lockhart as Maureen Robinson, mother of the Robinsons
* Mark Goddard as Major Don West, captain of the ship *Jupiter 2*
* Marta Kristen as Judy Robinson, older daughter of the Robinsons
* Billy Mumy as Will Robinson, only son and youngest child of the Robinsons
* Angela Cartwright as Penny Robinson, younger daughter of the Robinsons
* Jonathan Harris as Dr. Zachary Smith

## Notes
## Other websites
*in Space* article on the IMDb
Carl von Ossietzky

**Carl von Ossietzky** (3 October 1889 – 4 May 1938) was a German journalist and peacemaker. He was awarded the 1935 Nobel Peace Prize because he exposed the secret German re-armament. He was convicted of treason and spying afterwards.

## References
## Other websites
* Nobel prize biography
David Copperfield (illusionist)

**David Seth Kotkin** (born September 16, 1956), known professionally as **David Copperfield**, is an American illusionist. He is described by *Forbes* as the most ly  magician in history. Copperfield's career of over 40 years has earned him 11 Guinness World Records. Copperfield has won a total of 21 Emmy Awards. He has also been named a Living Legend by the US Library of Congress. Copperfield was born in Metuchen, New Jersey, United States.

## References
Arrondissement of Belfort

The **arrondissement of Belfort** is an arrondissement in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region of France. It is the only arrondissement of the Territoire de Belfort department.

## Composition
### Cantons
The cantons in the arrondissement of Belfort are:

# Bavilliers (9001)
# Belfort-1 (9002)
# Belfort-2 (9003)
# Belfort-3 (9004)
# Châtenois-les-Forges (9005)
# Delle (9006)
# Giromagny (9007)
# Grandvillars (9008)
# Valdoie (9009)

### Communes
The communes of the arrondissement of Belfort are:

# Andelnans (90001)
# Angeot (90002)
# Anjoutey (90003)
# Argiésans (90004)
# Autrechêne (90082)
# Auxelles-Bas (90005)
# Auxelles-Haut (90006)
# Banvillars (90007)
# Bavilliers (90008)
# Beaucourt (90009)
# Belfort (90010)
# Bermont (90011)
# Bessoncourt (90012)
# Bethonvilliers (90013)
# Boron (90014)
# Botans (90015)
# Bourg-sous-Châtelet (90016)
# Bourogne (90017)
# Brebotte (90018)
# Bretagne (90019)
# Buc (90020)
# Charmois (90021)
# Chaux (90023)
# Chavanatte (90024)
# Chavannes-les-Grands (90025)
# Châtenois-les-Forges (90022)
# Chèvremont (90026)
# Courcelles (90027)
# Courtelevant (90028)
# Cravanche (90029)
# Croix (90030)
# Cunelières (90031)
# Danjoutin (90032)
# Delle (90033)
# Denney (90034)
# Dorans (90035)
# Eguenigue (90036)
# Essert (90039)
# Faverois (90043)
# Felon (90044)
# Florimont (90046)
# Fontaine (90047)
# Fontenelle (90048)
# Foussemagne (90049)
# Frais (90050)
# Froidefontaine (90051)
# Fêche-l'Église (90045)
# Giromagny (90052)
# Grandvillars (90053)
# Grosmagny (90054)
# Grosne (90055)
# Joncherey (90056)
# Lachapelle-sous-Chaux (90057)
# Lachapelle-sous-Rougemont (90058)
# Lacollonge (90059)
# Lagrange (90060)
# Lamadeleine-Val-des-Anges (90061)
# Larivière (90062)
# Lebetain (90063)
# Lepuix (90065)
# Lepuix-Neuf (90064)
# Leval (90066)
# Menoncourt (90067)
# Meroux (90068)
# Montbouton (90070)
# Montreux-Château (90071)
# Morvillars (90072)
# Moval (90073)
# Méziré (90069)
# Novillard (90074)
# Offemont (90075)
# Petit-Croix (90077)
# Petitefontaine (90078)
# Petitmagny (90079)
# Phaffans (90080)
# Pérouse (90076)
# Recouvrance (90083)
# Reppe (90084)
# Riervescemont (90085)
# Romagny-sous-Rougemont (90086)
# Roppe (90087)
# Rougegoutte (90088)
# Rougemont-le-Château (90089)
# Réchésy (90081)
# Saint-Dizier-l'Évêque (90090)
# Saint-Germain-le-Châtelet (90091)
# Sermamagny (90093)
# Sevenans (90094)
# Suarce (90095)
# Thiancourt (90096)
# Trévenans (90097)
# Urcerey (90098)
# Valdoie (90099)
# Vauthiermont (90100)
# Vellescot (90101)
# Vescemont (90102)
# Villars-le-Sec (90105)
# Vétrigne (90103)
# Vézelois (90104)
# Éloie (90037)
# Étueffont (90041)
# Évette-Salbert (90042)

The *communes* with more inhabitants in the *arrondissement* are:

## Related pages
* Communes of the Territoire de Belfort department

## References
Solomon Perel

**Solomon Perel** (21 April 1925 — 2 February 2023), also **Shlomo Perel** or **Sally Perel**, was a German-born Israeli author and motivational speaker. He was born in Peine, Lower Saxony, Germany to a German Jewish family. He escaped persecution by the Nazis by pretending to be an ethnic German.

His life story is told in the 1990 movie *Europa Europa* loosely based on his autobiography *Ich war Hitlerjunge Salomon* (*I Was Hitler Youth Salomon*).

## References
## Other websites
*College course page with 3 text excerpts and 5 photographs
*Student paper with summary, discussion and links
It Just Comes Natural

***It Just Comes Natural*** is the 24th studio album by George Strait. The album was released on October 3, 2006 through MCA Nashville Records. The song "Give It Away" from the album was Strait's 41st Number One for *Billboard* Hot Country Songs.

## Chart positions
## References
Sangul Utindaan

A **Sangul Utindaan**ː is a traditional spiritual custodian of the Sangul people in Northern Ghana. Some sources translate this position's name to mean the Sangul's "overlord" or "landlord". 

In November 2017, the serving Utindaan is Wunikpel Mbaliye Jato. The  descendants of the Utidaan are Gasetiib, a clan in the Tatale-Sangul District. This role is not the same as one with a similar name in the Saboba District of Northern Ghanabhggg, which has a different title and role.

## References
List of governors of Bihar

The Governor of Bihar is a head and representative of the President of India in the state of Bihar. The Governor is appointed by the President for a time of 5 years.

## Governors of Bihar (1947present)
;Legend
* Died in office
* Transferred
* Resigned/removed

;Color key
* indicates acting/additional charge

## References
David Copperfield (disambiguation)

**David Copperfield** is a novel written by Charles Dickens. "David Copperfield" can also mean:

**David Copperfield* (1935 movie), a 1935 movie based on the novel
*David Copperfield (illusionist), an American magician
List of current Indian governors

The following is the list of Governors of States in India.

## List 
The following list consists of the list of the current governors of all the Indian states.
Guernsey County, Ohio

**Guernsey County** is a county of Ohio in the United States. In 2020, 38,438 people lived there. The county seat is Cambridge.

## References
Bad Waldsee

**Bad Waldsee** is a town in the district of Ravensburg in the state of Baden-Württemberg, Germany.

Bad Waldsee is 20&nbsp;km south of Biberach an der Riß, and 20&nbsp;km northeast of Ravensburg.

## References
## Other websites
Formazza

**Formazza** (Walliser German: *Pomatt*, Piedmontese: *Formassa*) is a *comune* (municipality) in the Province of Verbano-Cusio-Ossola in the Italian region Piedmont.

Formazza is about  northeast of Turin and  north of Verbania. It is on the border with Switzerland.

As of 2004 about 443 people lived there. It has an area of .

The municipality of Formazza contains the *frazioni* (subdivisions, mainly villages and hamlets) Foppiano, Antillone, Fondovalle, Chiesa, Valdo, San Michele, Ponte, Brendo, Grovella, Canza, Sotto Frua, La Frua, and Riale.

Formazza borders the following municipalities: Baceno, Bedretto (Switzerland), Bignasco (Switzerland), Binn (Switzerland), Bosco/Gurin (Switzerland), Cavergno (Switzerland), Premia, Reckingen-Gluringen (Switzerland), Ulrichen (Switzerland).

The village was founded by Walser and Walser German is still spoken.

## References
## Other websites
* Official website
Logan County, Ohio

**Logan County** is a county in the U.S. state of Ohio. In the 2020 census, 46,150 people lived there. The county seat is Bellefontaine. The county was founded in 1818 and named for Benjamin Logan, who fought Native Americans in the area.

## References
Sarzens

**Sarzens** is a former municipality of the district of Broye-Vully in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. On 1 January 2017, it is part of the municipality of Lucens.

## References
Arizona (disambiguation)

**Arizona** is a state in the southwestern United States.

**Arizona** can also refer to:

*USS *Arizona* (BB-39), a ship that was sunk in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii
*Arizona Coyotes, a national hockey team
*Arizona Cardinals, a national football team
*Arizona Diamondbacks, a baseball team
*University of Arizona
*Arizona Beverage Company (AriZona), a producer of iced tea
Domat/Ems

**Domat/Ems** (, ) is a municipality of the district of Imboden in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland.

## References
## Other websites
* Official Website
Bescanó

**Bescanó** is a municipality in the province of Girona and autonomous community of Catalonia in Spain.

## References
Piła

**Piła** () is a town in northwestern Poland. In 2006, 75,044 people lived there. Piła is the largest town in the northern part of Great Poland. It is the capital of Piła County.

## Other websites
* Official Website
Xinghesaurus

]]
***Xinghesaurus*** is the informal name given to a Sauropod dinosaur from China. It was probably around  long and weighed around .

## References
Thomas Fleming

**Thomas James Fleming** (July 5, 1927 &ndash; July 23, 2017) was an American military historian and historical novelist. He was born in Jersey City, New Jersey. 

Fleming was the author of over forty nonfiction and fiction titles. His work was about the particular interest on the American Revolution, with titles such as *Liberty! The American Revolution And The Future Of America, Duel: Alexander Hamilton, Aaron Burr, and the History of America* and ''Washington's Secret War: The Hidden History of Valley Forge''.

Fleming died at his home in New York City on July 23, 2017 at the age of 90.

## References
## Other websites
* Thomas Fleming's home page
* The American Revolution Center 
* The American Revolution Round Table (New York)
* The Society of American Historians
* 
***Booknotes* interview with Fleming on ''The New Dealers' War*, August 26, 2001. 
***In Depth'' interview with Fleming, January 4, 2004
*Fleming's Presentation at the Pritzker Military Museum & Library on June 6, 2013
Mary Ruwart

**Mary J. Ruwart** (born October 16, 1949) is a retired American biomedical researcher and libertarian speaker, writer, and activist.  She was a leading candidate for the 2008 Libertarian Party presidential nomination and is the author of the award-winning *Healing Our World*.

In March 2008, Ruwart announced her candidacy for the Libertarian presidential nomination in the 2008 election. She lost the nomination to Bob Barr on the sixth ballot at the 2008 Libertarian National Convention on May 25, 2008.

Ruwart unsuccessfully ran for Texas Comptroller in 2010 against incumbent Republican Susan Combs. She received 417,523 votes (10.5%) in a race that had no Democrat.

## References
## Other websites
* Ruwart's home page
*
Bontoc, Southern Leyte

**Bontoc** is a 4th class municipality in the province of Southern Leyte, Philippines.

## Barangays
Bontoc is politically subdivided into 40 barangays.
Leo Kinnunen

**Leo Juhani** "**Leksa**" **Kinnunen** (5 August 1943 – 26 July 2017) was a Finnish racing driver, and the first Formula One driver from Finland. He was born in Tampere, Finland.

Kinnunen won the Nordic Challenge Cup in 1969, the Interserie from 1971–1973, and helped Porsche to take the World Sportscar Championship for manufacturers in 1970 (drivers championships were not awarded until 1981). In 1974, he switched to Formula One. He was the last driver to compete in Formula One using an open-face helmet.

Kinnunen died on 26 July 2017 at his home in Turku, Finland of pneumonia at the age of 73.

## References
## Other websites
* 
* Leo Kinnunen – The Flying Finn
Louise Merzeau

**Sylvie Merzeau** (commonly called **Louise Merzeau**, 8 November 1963 – 15 July 2017) was a French academic, university professor at the Paris Nanterre University, specializing on communication studies, as well as a photographer. She was a trustee of Wikimedia France. She was born in Paris.

Merzeau died in Paris on 15 July 2017 of pancreatic cancer at the age of 53.

## References
## Other websites
Fritz Hellwig

**Fritz Hellwig** (3 August 1912 – 22 July 2017) was a German CDU politician and European Commissioner. 

He was born in Saarbrücken, Germany. Before and during the war he was a member of the Nazi Party and the SA. After the war he served as European Commissioner for Research, Technology and Information Distribution from 1967 through 1970. 

Hellwid turned 100 in August 2012. He died on 22 July 2017 in Berlin of cardiopulmonary arrest at the age of 104.

## References
## Other websites
Giovanni Battista Pichierri

**Giovanni Battista Pichierri** (February 12, 1943 &ndash; July 26, 2017) was an Italian prelate of Roman Catholic Church. He was born in Sava, Apulia.

He was ordained to the priesthood in 1967. Pichierri served as bishop of the Diocese of Cerignola-Ascoli Satriano, Italy from 1990 to 1999. He then served as archbishop of the Archdiocese of Trani-Barletta-Bisceglie from 1999 to his death in 2017.

Pichierri died in Trani, Apulia of an aortic aneurysm on July 26, 2017 at the age of 74.

## References
## Other websites
Lawrence Pezzulo

**Lawrence Anthony Pezzulo** (May 3, 1926 – July 26, 2017) was an American politician and Foreign Service officer. He served as the United States Ambassador to Nicaragua (1979&ndash;1981) and to Uruguay (1977&ndash;1979) during the Jimmy Carter presidency. He was a member of the Democratic Party.

Pezzulo was born in New York City. He studied at Columbia University. He married Josephine DiMattia in February 1950. They had three children.

Pezzulo died on July 26, 2017 at his home in Baltimore, Maryland from complications of Alzheimer's disease at the age of 91.

## References
Max (footballer, born 1975)

**Maxlei dos Santos Luzia** or simply **Max** (27 February 1975 &ndash; 26 July 2017) was a Brazilian goalkeeper. He was born in Rio de Janiero. He was known for playing for Portuguesa-RJ, Vila Nova and Botafogo.

In June 2017, Max was the victim of an attempted robbery. The former goalkeeper suffered a fractured right hand and a cerebral edema. On 26 July 2017, Santos Luzia died of a cerebral edema in Rio de Janeiro at the age of 42.

## References
## Other websites
*canalbotafogo.com
*sambafoot.com
*CBF
Michael McElhatton

**Michael McElhatton** (born 12 September 1963) is an Irish actor and writer. He is best known for playing the role of Roose Bolton in the HBO series *Game of Thrones*. He joined the series as a guest star in the second season, and continued to play this role until season 5, promoted to a regular cast member.

His first well known role was that of Rats Doyle in the Irish sitcom *Paths to Freedom*.

In 2011, he had a role in the movie *Albert Nobbs * directed by Rodrigo García, and the following year the short * Pentecost *, which received a nomination for Best Short Film at the 2012 Academy Awards.

## References
## Other websites
*
Brontotherium

*Brontotherium* is a genus of brontothere that lived during the Eocene period. Male brontotheres have been observed very differently with females.

## Other inhabitants 
*Brontotherium* co-existed with *Embolotherium*, *Indricotherium, Hyaenodon, Chalicotherium* and *Paraceratherium*, as well as ocean-dwelling creatures like *Dorudon*, *Basilosaurus* and *Otodus*.

## Etymology 
*Brontotherium* comes from Ancient Greek βροντή (*brontḗ*), meaning "thunder", and θηρίον (*theríon*), meaning "beast".
__NOTOC__
Swedish Transport Agency

The **Swedish Transport Agency** () is a Swedish government agency under the Ministry of Enterprise, Energy and Communications. It was formed on 1 January 2009, through a merger of several government agencies, including the Civil Aviation Administration.

It has its headquarters in Norrköping, Sweden.

## References
Nakhon Ratchasima

**Nakhon Ratchasima** is a city in Thailand's Nakhon Ratchasima Province.

## History
The collapse of the Royal Plaza Hotel killed 137 people in the city on 13 August 1993. 

A high-speed rail line from Bangkok is being planned. The line will be built meters above ground, on 15 kilometers of the track, "to avoid causing traffic problems in downtown Muang district", between Phukhao Lat and Ban Ko railway stations.

A mass shooting occurred in the city on 8 and 9 February 2020.

## References
Stephen Tobolowsky

**Stephen Harold Tobolowsky** (born May 30, 1951) is a Canadian-American actor, author, and musician. He is known for movie roles such as insurance agent Ned Ryerson in *Groundhog Day* and Sammy Jankis in Christopher Nolan's *Memento*, as well as such television characters as Commissioner Hugo Jarry (*Deadwood*), Bob Bishop (*Heroes*), Sandy Ryerson (*Glee*), Stu Beggs (*Californication*), and Action Jack Barker (*Silicon Valley*).

Tobolowsky is Jewish.

## References
## Other websites
* 
*
Michael Johnson (singer)

**Michael Johnson** (August 8, 1944 – July 25, 2017) was an American pop, country and folk singer-songwriter and guitarist. 

Johnson was best known for his 1978 hit song "Bluer Than Blue". He charted four hits on the *Billboard* Hot 100 charts, and nine more on the Hot Country Songs charts, including two Number One country hits in 1986's "Give Me Wings" and "The Moon Is Still Over Her Shoulder". He also co-wrote "Cain's Blood", the debut single of 1990s country group 4 Runner.

Johnson died in Minneapolis, Minnesota on July 25, 2017 after suffering from a long-illness at the age of 72.

## References
## Other websites
*
*
*
Joachim Vobbe

**Joachim Gerhard Vobbe** (January 5, 1947 – July 26, 2017) was a German bishop for the Catholic Diocese of the Old Catholics in Germany. He was born in Bad Honnef, Germany.

Vobbe was ordained a priest on 14 June 1972.

## References
Ramón Xirau

**Ramón Xirau Subías** (, ) (20 January 1924 – 27 July 2017) was a Spanish-born Mexican poet, philosopher and literary critic. He was born in Barcelona, Spain. 

## Recognitions 
He received the Legion of Honour from France and the Isabel la Católica from Spain awards as well as the Cruz de Saint Jordi from the Generalitat of Catalonia for his works in essay and academics in Spanish and Catalan literature.

He was a research faculty member of the UNAM y and the National System of Researchers. At the UNAM he taught at the Faculty of Philosophy and Literature and did research at the Institute of Philosophy Research. He was a member of the Colegio Nacional since 1973.

Xirau died on 27 July 2017 of congestive heart failure in Mexico City at the age of 93.

## Related pages 
*List of poets from North America
## References
John Delaney

**John Kevin "JK" Delaney** (born April 16, 1963) is an American politician and businessman. He was the United States Representative for Maryland's 6th congressional district from 2013 to 2019.

On July 28, 2017, Delaney became the first Democrat to announce he is running for President in 2020. He ended his campaign in January 2020, days before the Iowa caucus.

## Early life
Delaney was born in Wood-Ridge, New Jersey. His parents were Elaine Rowe and Jack Delaney, an electrician. He was raised in Wood-Ridge. He studied at Columbia University and Georgetown University Law Center.

## Business career
Delaney has co-founded two companies, both of which are publicly traded on the New York Stock Exchange. He has won the Ernst & Young Entrepreneur of the Year Award in 2004.

In 1993, he co-founded Health Care Financial Partners, to make loans available to smaller-sized health care service providers purportedly ignored by larger banks. In 2000, Delaney co-founded CapitalSource, a commercial lender headquartered in Chevy Chase, Maryland; the company provided capital to roughly 5,000 small and mid-size businesses before his departure.

Delaney retired from his business career in 2012, to pursue a career in politics.

## United States Representative (2013&ndash;2019)
Delaney decided to run for the newly redrawn 6th District against 10-term Republican incumbent Roscoe Bartlett. The district had long been a Republican stronghold.

During the primary, Delaney was endorsed by former President Bill Clinton, U.S. Congresswoman Donna Edwards, Comptroller Peter Franchot, the *Washington Post*, and the *Gazette*. On April 3, 2012, Delaney won the five-candidate Democratic primary field with 54% of the vote. The next closest opponent, State Senator Robert J. Garagiola, received 29% of the vote, 25 points behind Delaney.

In the November 6, 2012 general election, Delaney defeated Bartlett by 59%-38%, a 21-point margin.

Delaney introduced legislation to end partisan gerrymandering. The Open Our Democracy Act would appoint independent redistricting commissions nationwide to end partisan gerrymandering, make Election Day a federal holiday and create an open top-two primary system.

## 2020 presidential campaign
Delaney announced he is running for President of the United States in the 2020 presidential election in a Washington Post op-ed on July 28, 2017.

## Personal life
Delaney married April McClain in 1989. Together they have four daughters. In 2024, McClain was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives.

## References
## Other websites
*Congressman John Delaney  official U.S. House website
*Campaign website 
* 
*
Hampton Fancher

**Hampton Lansden Fancher** (born July 18, 1938) is an American actor who became a movie producer and screenwriter in the late 1970s. He is known for writing the screenplay for *Blade Runner*.

## References
## Other websites
*
*Salon.com  &ndash; The flamenco man: Hampton Fancher
*
*