open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Syktyvkar

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**Syktyvkar'* (, ; Komi: Сыктывкар) is the capital city of the Komi Republic in Russia. It is also its largest city. Before 1930, it was named *Ust-Sysolsk*, after the Sysola River.

## Origin of its name 
The name of the city comes from *Syktyv*, the Komi name for the Sysola River, plus *kar'', meaning "city".

## Geography 
Syktyvkar is located on the Sysola River. It is the origin of its old name Ust-Sysolsk. The city is close to where the Sysola joins the larger Vychegda River, which is a branch of the Northern Dvina.

## Economy 
The Sysola, the Vychegda, and the Northern Dvina are easy to travel on and are a major transport route of forestry products from Syktyvkar. Lumber and woodcrafts are the city's largest industries.

Previously, Komiinteravia had its head office in Syktyvkar.

## Transportation 
The city is served by Syktyvkar Airport and Syktyvkar Southwest airfield. The city also has a railway station. Syktyvkar is the end point of route R176 (Vyatka Highway).

## Events 
* In January 2017 the Bandy Y-19 World Championship was organized in Syktyvkar.
* Syktyvkar was to host the 2021 Bandy World Championship, for which an indoor arena was to be erected. However, the tournament was delayed many times because of the COVID-19 pandemic. It was removed from Syktyvkar altogether due to the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine.

## Climate 
Syktyvkar has a subarctic climate (Köppen climate classification *Dfc*) with long, cold winters and short, warm summers. Compared with areas at a similar latitude in Siberia, winters are less extreme, but still much longer than summer and a bit cold by European standards.

## Twin towns – sister cities 
Syktyvkar is twinned with:

* Cullera, Spain
* Debrecen, Hungary
* Los Altos, United States
* Lovech, Bulgaria
* Taiyuan, China

## References 
## Other websites 
* Official website of Syktyvkar  
* All news of Syktyvkar and Republic of Komi 
* Syktyvkar. History 
* About Syktyvkar: Churches, History & Photogallery
Hold On Tight (Electric Light Orchestra song)

**"Hold on Tight"** is a 1981 song by British band Electric Light Orchestra and taken from their ninth studio album Time. It went to number one in Spain and Switzerland, number 2 in Austria and Germany, number 5 in Australia and the Netherlands, number 7 in New Zealand, number 4 in the United Kingdom and number 10 in the United States.
## References
Sibiryak (disambiguation)

**Sibiryak** may refer to:

* *Sibiryak*, Russian word for a resident of Siberia, as well as a member of the subethnic group of the Russians
* Sybirak, Polish term for a person exiled to Siberia by the Russian Empire or by the Soviet Union
* Sibiryak (rural locality), several rural localities in Russia
* Sibirjak, Novosibirsk-Moscow-Berlin express train
* Sibiriak (horse), a horse from the Soviet Union that took part in 1964 Summer Olympics
* Dmitry Mamin-Sibiryak, Russian writer
* FC Sibiryak Bratsk, a Russian association football club based in Bratsk, Irkutsk Oblast

__DISAMBIG__
E Ola Ke Aliʻi Ke Akua

**E Ola Ke Alii Ke Akua** was the national anthem of the Kingdom of Hawaii from 1860 to 1866. It used the same tune as "God Save the King". The lyrics author is William Charles Lunalilo.

## Lyrics
## References
He Mele Lahui Hawaii

"**"He Mele Lāhui Hawaii**" ("Song of the Hawaiian Nation") was the national anthem of the Kingdom of Hawaii from 1866 to 1876. The lyrics and music was created by Queen Liliʻuokalani.

## Lyrics
## References
Mingus Ah Um

***Mingus Ah Um*** is a studio album by American musician Charles Mingus. It was released in October 1959 by Columbia Records. It was his first album recorded for Columbia. The album cover shows a painting made by S. Neil Fujita. The album was put into the Grammy Hall of Fame in 2013.

## References
Justice (band)

**Justice** is a French electronic music group made up of musicians Gaspard Augé and Xavier de Rosnay. The group's label is Ed Banger Records. Justice is known for putting a strong rock music influence into their songs.

The band's first album, *Cross*, was released in June 2007. It was nominated for a Grammy Award for Best Electronic/Dance Album, but did not win. In September 2009, the band announced they would be moving to the new label Elektra Records. In 2010, the band started to work on their second album. This album, *Audio, Video, Disco,* came out on October 24, 2010. This was followed by a live album in 2013, and a third album, *Woman*, in 2016. An album of remixes, named *Woman Worldwide*, won a Grammy Award for Best Electronic/Dance Album in 2019.

## Discography 
**Studio Albums**

* *†* (2007)
* *Audio, Video, Disco* (2011)
* *Woman* (2016)

## References
Siberia (disambiguation)

**Siberia** is the region of Russia and northern Kazakhstan between the Ural Mountains and the Pacific Ocean.

**Siberia** may also refer to:

## Geography 
* Siberia (continent), the craton located in the heart of the region of Siberia
* Siberian Federal District, a federal district of Russia
* Siberia, California, a disappeared town in the Mojave Desert, California
* Siberia, Indiana, a community in the United States
* Waverley, Western Australia or Siberia, an abandoned town in the goldfields
* 1094 Siberia, an asteroid
* La Brévine, known as the *Siberia of Switzerland*

## Film and TV 
* *Siberia* (1926 film), a lost 1926 silent film
* *Siberia* (1998 film), a 1998 Dutch comedy film
* *Siberia* (2018 film), a 2018 romantic crime thriller
* *Siberia* (2020 film), a 2020 Italian film
* *Siberia* (TV series), a 2013 American TV series

## Music 
* *Siberia* (opera), a 1903 opera by Umberto Giordano
* *Siberia* (Lights album), 2011
* *Siberia* (Echo & the Bunnymen album), 2005
* *Siberia* (Polvo album), 2013
* "Siberia", from the 1955 musical *Silk Stockings*
* "Siberia", a song by the Backstreet Boys from *Edna* (album)
* "Siberia", a song by Headie One from *Never Gone*
* "Siberian Khatru" or "Siberia", a 1972 song by Yes

## Related pages 
* Syberia (disambiguation)
* Sibiria, a Swedish indie pop band
* Cyberia (disambiguation)
* Siberian (disambiguation)
* Sibirsky (disambiguation)
Oblasts of Russia

An **oblast** () is a type of federal subject of the Russian Federation.
## Politics
Oblasts are political entities in a federal union. They have representation in the Federation Council. They serve as a first-level administrative division. Each oblast has a state government. It has control over its territory. They have a state legislature, the *Oblast Duma*. It is democratically elected. The Governor is the highest executive position of an oblast. He/she is elected by its people. 
## Subdivisions under oblasts
Oblasts are divided into *raions* (districts), cities of oblast significance (district-equivalent independent cities), and autonomous okrugs. These are legally federal subjects equal to an oblast but are different from others. Two oblasts have autonomous okrugs: Arkhangelsk Oblast (Nenets Autonomous Okrug) and Tyumen Oblast (Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug and Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug).
## Naming
The term *oblast* can be translated into English as "province" or "region". There are currently 46 oblasts (48 if counting Kherson and Zaporozhye oblasts, which are internationally recognized as legally a part of Ukraine). It is the most common type of the 85 federal subjects of Russia. Most oblasts are named after their administrative center. It is the official term for a capital city in an oblast, which is usually the largest city. Exceptions to this include Leningrad Oblast and Moscow Oblast, which have no official capital. Sakhalin Oblast is named after an island. Leningrad Oblast and Sverdlovsk Oblast keep the old names of Saint Petersburg and Yekaterinburg. 

## Demographics
Oblasts are usually areas that are mostly populated by ethnic Russians and native speakers of the Russian language. They are mostly located in European Russia. 
## Statistics
The largest oblast by size is Tyumen Oblast at 1,435,200&nbsp;km2 (when excluding autonomous okrugs Irkutsk Oblast is the largest at 767,900&nbsp;km2) and the smallest is Kaliningrad Oblast at 15,100&nbsp;km2. The most populous oblast is Moscow Oblast at 7,095,120 and the least populous is Magadan Oblast at 156,996.

## History 
In the Russian Empire, oblasts were a third-level administrative division. It was created in 1849. Oblasts split the larger *guberniyas* (governorates) within the first-level krais. 
### Soviet era
After the many changes during the Soviet era, the number of oblasts went up as they became the top-level administrative divisions of the Soviet Socialist Republics (SSRs). These oblasts held very little autonomy or power. 
### Post Soviet era
When the Soviet Union dissolved into sovereign states along the lines of the SSRs, they became the first-level administrative divisions. The oblasts of the Russian SFSR, which turned into the Russian Federation, became the first-level administrative divisions of the new country. They received greater devolved power.

On September 30, 2022, Russia annexed the Donetsk, Kherson, Luhansk and Zaporizhzhia oblasts of Ukraine after a controversial referendum. These four regions are internationally recognized as part of Ukraine.

## List of Russian oblasts 
## References
Jim Russell (journalist)

**James B. Russell**  (January 30, 1946 - September 13, 2022) was an American journalist, producer, and executive. He created national programs for all three public radio networks: National Public Radio, Public Radio International and American Public Media, as well as for PBS.

## References 
## Other websites
*
Republics of Russia

In Russia, republics are a type of federal subject. They were originally created as nation states for non-Russian ethnic groups, but have since lost most of their autonomy.

## Status of Southeast Ukraine 
On 18 March 2014, Russia annexed the Autonomous Republic of Crimea of Ukraine after an unrecognized referendum.The peninsula became the Republic of Crimea, the 22nd republic of Russia. However, Ukraine and most of the international community do not recognize Crimea's annexation. United Nations General Assembly declared the vote to be illegitimate.

On 24 February 2022 Russia invaded Ukraine and took large areas of southern and eastern Ukraine. As early as March leaders in the unrecognized Luhansk People's Republic and Donetsk People's Republic both said their wish to join Russia, originally once Russia captured all their claimed territory. However, after quick Ukrainian gains in the east in September, Russia and the unrecognized republics rushed a series of referendums on annexation to Russia. The referendum results claimed a large majority supported annexation. On 30 September 2022, Putin formally announced the annexation of the two republics. However, the referendums were recognized internationally as a sham while the European Union and G7 said they were illegal. United Nations Secretary-General António Guterres condemned the annexations as a violation of the UN Charter.

Kherson Oblast, another region annexed by Russia, was originally thought to be upgrading itself to a "people's republic", according to United States intelligence. However, it never happened, and by the time of the referendums in late September 2022, Kherson's status in Russia stayed unmentioned. When Kherson was annexed, along with neighbouring Zaporizhzhia Oblast, they became oblasts instead of republics.

## Republics
*For the individual flags of the republics, see Flags of the federal subjects of Russia.

## References 
## Sources 
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You See Me Crying

**"You See Me Crying"** is a 1975 song by Aerosmith and is the last single from their 3rd studio and breakthrough album *Toys in the Attic*. It failed to chart anywhere in the world.
Duke Nukem series

***Duke Nukem*** is a platform video game series, it was developed and published by Apogee Software (now 3D Realms). The *Duke Nukem* series began in 1991 called *Duke Nukem*, released for MS-DOS and Windows. The player will played as Duke Nukem, a main portagonist of the series.

During 2010, the rights of the series were acquired by Gearbox Software, who completely the development of the *Duke Nukem Forever* and released on June 10, 2011 in Europe and Australia, later released in North America on June 14, 2011. The franchise generated over $1 billion in revenue by 2001.

## Games
### Main series
* *Duke Nukem* (1991)
* *Duke Nukem II* (1993)
* *Duke Nukem 3D* (1996)
* *Duke Nukem Forever* (2011)

### Spin-offs
* *Duke Nukem: Time to Kill* (1998)
* *Duke Nukem: Zero Hour* (1999)
* *Duke Nukem: Land of the Babes* (2001)
* *Duke Nukem: Manhattan Project* (2002)

### Portable games
* *Duke Nukem* (1999)
* *Duke Nukem Advance* (2002)
* *Duke Nukem Mobile* (2004)
* *Duke Nukem Mobile II: Bikini Project* (2005)
* *Duke Nukem Arena* (2007)
* *Duke Nukem: Critical Mass* (2011) Nintendo DS
Kid Icarus (video game)

***Kid Icarus*** is a platform game developed by Nintendo and Tose, and publised by Nintendo R&D1, for the Famicom Computer Disk System in Japan Nintendo Entertainment System worldwide. It was released in Japan in 1986, in Europe released in February 1987, and also in North America in July 1, 1987. It is the first part of the first *Kid Icarus* series.

The plot of *Kid Icarus* revolves around portagonist Pit's quest for the three sacred treasures, which hemust equip to rescue the Greek-inspired fantasy world Angel Land and its ruler, the goddess Palutena. Player controls Pit through platform areas while fighting some monsters and collecting all items. The objectives is to reach the end of the levels, and find Boss monsters and defeat them that guard the three treasures. It was designed by Yoshio Sakamoto, directed by Satoru Okada, and produced by Gunpei Yokoi.

*Kid Icarus* had a mixed critical reception but became a cult classic. Reviewers praised its music and its mixture of gameplay elements from different genres, but criticized its graphics and high difficulty level. It was included too in several lists of the best games compiled by *IGN* and *Nintendo Power* magazine.

## Sequels
*Kid Icarus* has followed by two sequels called *Kid Icarus: Of Myts and Monsters* released in 1991 and also *Kid Icarus: Uprising* released in 2012.
Konami Code

The **Konami Code** (also known as the **Contra Code** or the **30 Lives Code**) is a cheat code in many Konami and non-Konami games.

To enter the code, someone has to enter `↑``↑``↓``↓``←``→``←``→``B``A` (sometimes followed by `START` and/or `SELECT`). and is present as an Easter egg on several websites.

## References
Cliffhanger (movie)

***Cliffhanger*** is a 1993 American French Italian action thriller movie directed by Renny Harlin and starring Sylvester Stallone, John Lithgow, Michael Rooker, Janine Turner, Craig Fairbrass, Leon Robinson, Caroline Goodall, Paul Winfield, Ralph Waite. It was distributed by TriStar Pictures.

## Other websites
* 
* 
* 
* 
*
Levon Mirzoyan

**Levon Isayevich Mirzoyan** (; ; 14 November 1897 – 26 February 1939) was a Soviet politician who served as the First Secretary of the Azerbaijan Communist Party from 1926 to 1929 and the First Secretary of the Communist Party of the Kazakh SSR from 1936 to 1938. He succeeded Filipp Goloshschyokin during the Kazakh Famine of 1930–1933, also known as the Goloshchyokin Genocide, in which at least 1.3 million Kazakhs peoples died.

## References
Qaumii salaam

"**Qaumii Salaam**" (also transliterated as "**Gaumee Salaam**"; , ; "National Salute") is the national anthem of the Maldives.

## Lyrics
Generally only the first two verses and their choruses are sung.

### Dhivehi original and English translation
### Transliterations
## References
When I Need You

**"When I Need You"** is a 1977 song by English Australian singer Leo Sayer and taken from his 1976 album Endless Flight. It went to number 1 in the United Kingdom, United States, Ireland and Canada.
## References
Vorkuta

**Vorkuta** (; Komi: Вӧркута, *Vörkuta*; Nenets for "the abundance of bears", "bear corner") is a coal-mining town in northern Komi Republic, Russia. It is located right above the Arctic Circle and built near the river Vorkuta. After the fall of the Soviet Union, the town lost population as the mines were abandoned. 

## History 
In 1930, geologist Georgy Chernov found large amounts of coal fields next to the river Vorkuta. These coal fields were soon developed. This was the start of coal-mining in the Komi ASSR.

The origins of the town of Vorkuta (have much to do with, or) are associated with Vorkutlag. That was one of the most notorious forced-labour camps of the Gulag network.

In 1997, a massacre took place that killed 7 civilians. 

Airbase:
During the Cold War, the Vorkuta Sovetsky airbase was used as a base for strategic bombers by the Soviets.

## Economy 
By the early 21st century, most of the mines in Vorkuta were closed because of the high costs of keeping them open. 

### Transportation 
The small Vorkuta Airport is located in the town.

## Climate 
Vorkuta has a subarctic climate (Köppen classification system *Dfc*) with short cool summers and cold and snowy winters.
## References
Saga, Saga

is the capital city of Saga Prefecture in Japan.

Saga is in northwest Kyūshū. Around 240,000 people live there.

## History
Saga developed around Saga castle of the Nabeshima clan.

Every fall it holds the Saga International Balloon Fiesta.

## References
## Other websites 
* http://www.city.saga.lg.jp/en/ ; [http://www.city.saga.lg.jp/ ]
* Saga International Balloon Fiesta
Rocketry: The Nambi Effect

***Rocketry: The Nambi Effect*** is a 2022 Indian biographical drama film written, produced and directed by R. Madhavan in his directorial debut.
## Cast 
* R. Madhavan as Nambi Narayanan
* Simran as Meena Narayanan, wife of Nambi Narayanan
* Rajit Kapur as Vikram Sarabhai (Hindi and English versions)
* Ravi Raghavendra as Vikram Sarabhai (Tamil version)
* Muralidaran as Subbiah Arunan
* Misha Ghoshal as Geeta Narayanan
* Shyam Renganathan as Shankar Narayanan
* Karthik Kumar as P. M. Nair from CBI
* Amaan as A. P. J. Abdul Kalam
* Dinesh Prabhakar as L. D. Gopal
* Mohan Raman as Udupi Ramachandra Rao
* Ron Donachie as Val Cleaver
* Phyllis Logan as Mrs Cleaver
* Vincent Riotta as Luigi Crocco
* Sriram Parthasarathy as Barry Amaldev
* Rajeev Ravindranathan as Param
* Sam Mohan as Unni
* Bhawsheel Sahni as Sartaj
* Jagan as a scientist
* Anurita Jha as Mariam Rasheeda
* Emma Gojkovic as Elizabeth
* Vladimir Vuckovic as Yuri
* Karina Matas Piper as Michelle
* Shah Rukh Khan as himself (Hindi & English versions; guest appearance)
* Suriya as himself (Tamil version; guest appearance)
* Nambi Narayanan as himself (honorary guest appearance)

## References 
## Other websites 
* Official website
*
Working for the Weekend

"**Working for the Weekend**" is a 1981 song by Canadian rock band Loverboy. It is taken from their second album *Get Lucky*. It went to number 10 in Canada, number 29 in the United States and number 19 in Australia and New Zealand.
Rook

**Rook** or **rooks** may refer to:

*Rook (bird) (*Corvus frugilegus*), a member of the corvid family
*Rook (chess), a piece in chess. Name derives from *Rukh*
*Rooks County, Kansas
*Sukhoi Su-25 or Rook, a close air support aircraft

## Related pages
*
*
Pechora

**Pechora** (; Komi: Печӧра, *Pečöra*) is a town in the Komi Republic in Russia. It is on the Pechora River and nearby the Ural Mountains.

## History 
Pechora was founded in 1940 and given town status in 1949. It was used as a gulag in the Soviet Union from 1932 to 1953.

## Transportation 
The town has the Pechora Airport and the Pechora Railway for transportation.

## Military 
Pechora has a military air base and a radar station nearby.

## Climate 
Pechora has a subarctic climate (Köppen climate classification *Dfc*). Winters are very cold while summers are mild.
## References
Cloud forest tree frog

The **cloud forest tree frog** (*Megastomatohyla nubicola*) is a frog. It lives in Mexico.  It lives in the states of Veracruz near Huatusco. Scientists have seen it at about 1325 meters above sea level.

## References
Carlos Bilardo

**Carlos Salvador Bilardo Digiano** (born 16 March 1938) is a former Argentine physician, footballer, and manager. He won the 1986 FIFA World Cup with Argentina. He is known by fans and the media as *el narigón* ("the big nosed one").

## Honours
### Player
;San Lorenzo
*Primera División: 1959
;Estudiantes
*Primera División: 1967 Metropolitano
*Copa Libertadores: 1968, 1969, 1970
*Intercontinental Cup: 1968
*Copa Interamericana: 1968
;Argentina
*Pan American Games Gold Medal: 1959

### Manager
;Estudiantes
*Primera División: 1982 Metropolitano

;Deportivo Cali
*Categoría Primera A runner-up: 1977, 1978
*Copa Libertadores runner-up: 1978

;Argentina
*FIFA World Cup: 1986; runner-up: 1990
*Copa América Third place: 1989

**Individual**
*Guerin Sportivo Manager of the Year: 1986
*South American Coach of the Year: 1986, 1987
*Konex Award: 1990
**World Soccer* 29th Greatest Manager of All Time: 2013

## References
## Other websites
* 
* 
*Bilardo returns to Manchester 
* 
* Estudiantes » Squad 1970/1971 at WorldFootball.net
*
First Lady of South Korea

The **first lady of the Republic of Korea** (), also known as the **first lady of South Korea**, is the title held by the hostess of the presidential residence, usually the wife of the president of South Korea.

## Role 
The first lady is not elected by the citizens of South Korea, although there are no official  jobs she is required to do and not paid for being the first lady, she is often involved in political campaigns, managements of the Blue House (former residence; now officially the Presidential Residence of South Korea), supporting social causes and representing and accompanying the president to and at official and ceremonial events. First spouses have focused on different initiatives and has a strong influence on public opinion of policy to fashion.

## List of first ladies of the Republic of Korea
### Notes
## Notes
## References
Cheboksary

**Cheboksary** (; ; ,  *Šupaškar*) is the capital city of Chuvashia, Russia. It is also a major port on the Volga River.

## History 
Cheboksary was first mentioned in the 15th century by Russian soldiers that were on their way to invade the Khanate of Kazan. In European maps, the city was first shown as **Cibocar** and **Veda-Suar**. In 1555, the Russians built a fort there and in 1781 it was granted town status. In 1965, the population of Cheboksary had grown to 163,000.

## Population 
Population: 496,350 (2024 Estimate).

The city of Cheboksary together with its satellite city Novocheboksarsk form an agglomeration with a population of more than 680 thousand people.

### Major ethnic groups 
The population of Cheboksary is mainly made up of the two following ethnic groups; the Chuvash (62%), and ethnic Russians (34%). 

## Education 
Some educational institutions include the Chuvash State University, Chuvash State Agriculture Academy, the Chuvash State Pedagogical University, and the Cheboksary Cooperative Technical School.

* Cheboksary Physics and Mathematics School
* Cheboksary Cooperative Institute

## Economy 
Cheboksary is located nearby the Cheboksary Dam, which provides large amounts of hydroelectric power. It is also the headquarters of Concern Tractor Plants, Russia's largest machine building company.

## Climate 
The climate of the city is continental (Köppen classification system: Dfb). Its climate is similar to that of Moscow.
## References
Novocheboksarsk

**Novocheboksarsk** (; , *Śĕnĕ Šupaškar*) is a city in the Chuvash Republic, Russia. It is located on the southern bank of the Volga River. It is a satellite city of Cheboksary, the capital of Chuvashia.

## History 
Novocheboksarsk was founded in 1960 and was given city status in 1971.

## Twin towns and sister cities 
Novocheboksarsk is twinned with:

*  Klimovsk, Russia
*  Sterlitamak, Russia
*  Žatec, Czech Republic
## References
Vologda

**Vologda** () is a city and the administrative center of Vologda Oblast, Russia. It is built on the river Vologda. Vologda is a major transport hub in Northwestern Russia. The Russian Ministry of Culture classified Vologda as a historic city. Also, several buildings in Vologda have been officially named cultural heritage monuments.

## History 
The year that Vologda was founded is debated by historians. There are two different times (1147 and 1264) that are thought to be the first mentions of the city. 1147 was the year that Vologda was mentioned in a book while 1264 was the first official mention (a document of owned land by the Novgorod Republic after a treaty with the Grand Prince of Vladimir). 

Throughout its history, Vologda has been a major port city on the river Vologda that several nations have fought over. In World War II, Finnish forces and Soviet forces fought over Vologda. The Soviets pushed the Finns back and used the city as a major transport hub for the rest of the war.

## Climate 
Vologda's climate is humid continental (Köppen climate classification *Dfb*) bordering a mild subarctic climate (*Dfc*). The winters are long. Spring and autumn and cool while summer is warm.

## Transportation 
Vologda is a major transport hub in Russia with major railways, highways, and waterways going through it or nearby it. It also has a well-developed public transport system.

### Railway 
The city is the largest and most active stop of the Northern Railway.

### Air 
The Vologda Airport has regular flights to the Russian cities of Moscow, Ukhta, Velikiy Ustyug, Kichmengsky Gorodok, and Vytegra.

## Sports 
Vologda has large sports venues such as the stadiums "Dynamo", "Locomotive", "Vityaz", the swimming pools "Dynamo" and "Lagoon", the sports and concert complex "Spectrum", fitness centers, regional athletic spots. Vologda is a home to:

* the male soccer team "Dynamo"
* the female basketball team "Chevakata"

## Twin towns – sister cities 
Vologda is twinned with:

* Burgas, Bulgaria
* Grodno, Belarus
* Kouvola, Finland
* Sevastopol, Ukraine
* Yevpatoria, Ukraine

## References
Juan López (football manager, born 1908)

**Juan López Fontana** (15 March 1908 – 4 October 1983) was a Uruguayan football manager. He started in coaching as a medical assistant at Central Fútbol Club. He became the manager of Uruguay in 1946, helping them win the 1950 FIFA World Cup and reach the 1954 FIFA World Cup semi-finals. He also coached Peñarol, and won the Uruguayan Primera División in 1953 and 1954. 

López died on 4 October 1983 in Montevideo at the age of 75.

## Honours
### Manager
;Peñarol
*Uruguayan Primera División: 1953, 1954

;Uruguay
*FIFA World Cup: 1950

## References
## Other websites
* Short biography
Meroitic script

The **Meroitic script** was made to write the Meroitic language around the beginning of the Meroitic period (300 BC). It was used in the kingdom of Meroe, in modern-day Sudan.

Meroitic script is made up of two types of scripts: Meroitic cursive and Meroitic hieroglyphics. Meroitic cursive was the most commonly used form. Around 90% of inscriptions (writings) of the Meroitic language used it. The earliest known use of Meroitic cursive was at least a century before the earliest known use of Meroitic hieroglyphics. The last known Meroitic inscription also uses Meroitic cursive, and is said to have been written around AD 410/450.

## References
Labor Zionism

Labour Zionism is a political ideology that supports Socialism and Zionism at the same time and believes to have one you need the other. It's associated with the kibbutz movement in Israel which was based on communalism. Labour Zionism was supported by Israel's first Prime Minister David Ben-Gurion and by his successors Moshe Sharett, Levi Eshkol, Yigal Allon, Golda Meir, Yitzhak Rabin and Shimon Peres. The first Prime Minister of Israel who wasn't a Labour Zionist was Menachem Begin, the creator of the Likud. Benjamin Netanyahu was known for opposing Labour Zionism when he worked for Ariel Sharon and trying to end Israel's socialism.

## Related pages
* Antisemitism
* The Holocaust
* History of Jews
* Revisionist Zionism
Surayud Chulanont

**Surayud Chulanont** ( born 28 August 1943) is a Thai politician. He was the Prime Minister of Thailand and head of Thailand's interim government between 2006 and 2008. He is a former supreme commander of the Royal Thai Army and is currently Privy Councilor to King Vajiralongkorn.

Surayud came from a military family. His father defected from the Royal Thai Army to the Communist Party of Thailand when Surayud was a boy. Surayud joined the Thai Army and rose to power as an aide to General Prem Tinsulanonda. He commanded troops during Bloody May, the violent 1992 crackdown on anti-government protesters. He denied giving his men the order to shoot protesters. He was promoted to army commander during the government of Chuan Leekpai. He was promoted to supreme commander in 2003, under the government of Thaksin Shinawatra. Upon his retirement from the army, he was appointed by King Bhumibol Adulyadej to the Privy Council of Thailand. Surayud and Privy Council President Prem Tinsulanonda played a key role in the promotion of General Sonthi Boonratklin to the position of army commander.

## References
Kyzylorda

**Kyzylorda** (; formerly known as **Kzyl-Orda**, **Ak-Mechet**, **Perovsk**, and **Fort-Perovsky**), is a city in Kazakhstan. It is in the middle south of this large country.

The city has a population of 242,462 (2020 census). It is round the Syr Darya river and the site of a Kokand fortress. 

The population of the city with nearby villages is 312,861 (2020 census).

## References
Czechoslovak First League

The **Czechoslovak First League** (, ) was the top division of football in Czechoslovakia from 1925 to 1993.

## League Names
* 1925 First Association League () (teams from Prague only)
* 1925–29 Central Bohemian First League () (teams from Prague and Central Bohemia)
* 1929–34 First Association League () (expanded to include Moravian teams)
* 1934–38 State League () (expanded to include Slovak teams)
* 1938–44 Bohemian-Moravian League () (World War II, Czechoslovakia split)
* 1945–48 State League () (Czechoslovak Republic reinstated)
* 1949–50 First All-National Championship ()
* 1951–55 Republic Championship ()
* 1956–93 First League ()

## Champions 
### 1925–1938 
### Bohemia-Moravia 1938–1944 
### 1945–1993 
## Performance by club 
## Player records 
Josef Bican was the all-time top goalscorer of the league with 447 goals in 279 matches, of which 417 goals were scored for Slavia Praha and 30 goals for FC Vítkovice.

### Top goalscorers
## References 
## Other websites 
* Full tables on RSSSF
Arkhangelsk Oblast

**Arkhangelsk Oblast** (, *Arkhangelskaya oblast*) is one of the federal subjects of Russia. Specifically, it is an oblast. The capital and largest city of Arkhangelsk Oblast is Arkhangelsk, a port city on the White Sea. Arkhangelsk Oblast also includes the Arctic archipelagos of Franz Josef Land, Novaya Zemlya, and the Solovetsky Islands. The Nenets Autonomous Okrug is also officially a part of Arkhangelsk Oblast, even though it is administered separately. Arkhangelsk Oblast as it is today was created in 1937. The population of Arkhangelsk Oblast was 1,227,626 as of the 2010 census. 

## Geography 
Arkhangelsk Oblast, including the Nenets Autonomous Okrug, borders Kirov Oblast, Vologda Oblast, the Republic of Karelia, the Komi Republic, and the White, Pechora, Barents, and Kara seas. The oblast's highest point is Mount Kruzenshtern on Novaya Zemlya.

## Economy 
Arkhangelsk Oblast is one of the major industrial oblasts of Russia. The region has large fishing, forestry, woodworking, cellulose, and paper industries. Additionally, Arkhangelsk Oblast is rich in natural resources such as lumber, oil, bauxite, titanium, gold, manganese, and basalt.

Arkhangelsk Oblast also has many major shipyards, especially in the cities of Arkhangelsk and Severodvinsk. There are major pulp and paper mills in Koryazhma and Novodvinsk, and a major bauxite mine in Severoonezhsk. Most towns in the oblast have timber works.

Fishing was the main means of food and trade in the region. However, after the fall of the Soviet Union, these farms lost support. Many villages were left empty. There is some farming and cattle breeding in the region even though it is very cold.

## Demographics 
, 1899)]]
**Population (including Nenets Autonomous Okrug)**: 

Ethnic composition (2010):

* Russians: 95.6%
* Ukrainians: 1.4%
* Nenets: 0.6%
* Belarusians: 0.5%
* Komi: 0.4%
* Tatars: 0.2%
* Others: 1.3%
* 25,682 people were registered from administrative databases, and could not declare an ethnicity. It is estimated that the proportion of ethnicities in this group is the same as that of the declared group.

### Cities and Towns 
Below is a list of the 10 largest cities and towns in Arkhangelsk Oblast by population (as of the 2010 census).

## References
Vologda Oblast

**Vologda Oblast** () is a federal subject of Russia. Specifically, it is an oblast. Its administrative center (capital city) is Vologda, but the largest city is Cherepovets, home to the Severstal metallurgical plant, the largest industrial company in the oblast.

## Geography 
Vologda Oblast borders Arkhangelsk Oblast, Kirov Oblast, Kostroma Oblast, Yaroslavl Oblast, Tver Oblast, Novgorod Oblast, Leningrad Oblast, and the Republic of Karelia. Most of the oblast's land area is covered by swamps, hills, and taiga. Vologda Oblast and the Republic of Karelia split the freshwater Lake Ladoga, the largest lake fully in Europe.

## Demographics 
**Population**: 

; **Ethnic composition for 2010:**
;* Russians - 97.3%
;* Ukrainians - 0.7%
;* Belarusians - 0.3%
;* Veps - 0.04
;* Others - 1.7%

## Gallery 

File:Troitse-Gledensky Monastery-Troitsky.jpg|Troitse-Gledensky Monastery
File:Residenz von Vaeterchen Frost.jpg|The residence of Ded Moroz in Veliky Ustyug
File:House Zasetskih 6.jpg|Zasetsky House in Vologda (the 1790s)

## References
Nad Tatrou sa blýska

"**Nad Tatrou sa blýska**" (, meaning "Lightning O'er the Tatras") is the national anthem of Slovakia. When Slovakia, along with Czechia, was part of the former country of Czechoslovakia, parts of this anthem was played along the Czech national anthem "Kde domov můj". The words of the song were written in 1844 by Janko Matúška, and the melody of the song comes from a Slovak folk song called "Kopala studienku".

## Lyrics
Only the first two stanzas are officially part of the national anthem.

### Slovak original
### English version
## References
Innosilicon

**Innosilicon** is a Canadian microprocessor company that develops GPUs.
In November 2021, the company introduced the  Fenghua 1 (Fantasy 1) discrete graphics processing unit (GPU).
In August 2022, Innosilicon has introduced its second-generation standalone graphics processor, the Fenghua II (aka Fantasy II).

Innosilicon is using Imagination's BXT-32-1024 GPU as the basis for its Fantasy (Fenghua) line of desktop graphics cards.

## Notes 
## Other websites 
* Official website
Ukhta

**Ukhta** (; Komi: Уква, *Ukva*) is an important industrial town in the Komi Republic, Russia. It was known as **Chibyu** before 1939. 

## History 
Ukhta was founded in 1929 as an oil drilling village. It was given town status in 1943. As well as a link to the Pechora Railway, Ukhta has a small airport. The town was used in the gulag in the 1940s and 1950s by the Soviet Union.

## Economy 
Ukhta is located in the Timan-Pechora Basin, a major oil and gas-producing region in the Komi Republic. Its oilfields are located to the south of the town. Most of the town's oil is refined in oil refineries in Moscow and Saint Petersburg, although some is refined locally.

## Climate 
Ukhta has a subarctic climate (Köppen: *Dfc*) with long, cold winters and short, warm summers. Winters in Ukhta are less extreme compared to areas at a similar latitude in Siberia, although still very cold from a European point of view.

## Notable people 
* Roman Abramovich, Russian businessman
* Dmitri Aliev, Olympic figure skater
* Aleksandr Chupriyan, Minister of Emergency Situations
* Olga Fonda, actress
* Sergei Kapustin, hockey player
* Viktor Alexandrovič Lyapkalo, painter
* Eduard Rossel, Governor of Sverdlovsk Oblast
* Yulia Samoilova, Russian singer
* Alexander Sukhorukov, Olympic swimmer
* Arsen Pavlov, Former commander of Donetsk Seperatist militia "Sparta Battalion"

## References
Litchfield, Michigan

**Litchfield** is a town in Hillsdale County, Michigan, United States. Population was 1,566 in February 2026.

## References
National Anthem of South Ossetia

The **national anthem of South Ossetia** was adopted on 5 May 1995.

## Lyrics
### Ossetian original
### Translations
## Notes
## References
Linda Buthelezi

**Innocent Linda Buthelezi** (born 28 June 1969) is a South African former footballer who played at both professional and international levels as a midfielder. Buthelezi played club football for Jomo Cosmos, Kaizer Chiefs, Karabükspor, Orlando Pirates, Mamelodi Sundowns and SuperSport United. He went on unsuccessful trials at South Korean Pohang Atoms. Buthelezi was regarded to be one of the best South African players of the 1990s, he was renowned to be a strong midfielder with his tough tackling ability, he was a incredible dribbler and passer and stood up for his speed.

## Club career
Buthelezi began his career in 1986 for Jomo Cosmos. In 1990, he won the South African Cup with the club. In 1991 he moved to Kaizer Chiefs. He won the South African Championship twice (1991, 1992) and the South African Cup once (1992). In 1993 he became a player of the Turkish Karabükspor. In the 1993–94 season, he played there 6 matches in the first Turkish league.

After that, Buthelezi returned to South Africa, where he became a player of the Orlando Pirates. In 1994, he won the South African Championship. In 1995 he moved to Mamelodi Sundowns. In the 1997–98 season, he won the championship and the South African Cup. In 1998 he left for Supersport United, in the 1998–99 season he also won the national cup. In 1999, he ended his career.

## International career
Buthelezi was selected to play for South Africa in 1994 against Madagascar with 1-0 victory. He participated the 1996 African Cup of Nations in his home country. In the final the Bafana Bafana beat their opponents Tunisia without fear with 2-0. He made an unwanted international headlines in 1997 against England losing 2-1, when a tackle on Paul Gascoigne saw the English midfielder stretchered off. He was not selected to be playing for South African national team during the 1997 FIFA Confederations Cup in Saudi Arabia and the Bafana Bafana team did not perform well and eliminated in the group stage. He turned down a chance to play for the 1998 African Cup of Nations where South Africa finished as runners-up against Egypt with 2-0 defeat. Buthelezi was left out to prepare for the 1998 FIFA World Cup along with Eric Tinkler, Neil Tovey, Mark Williams, Sizwe Motaung and John Moeti.

## References
## Other websites
*
SpongeBob, You're Fired

"'''SpongeBob, You're Fired'*" is a television special of the American animated television series *SpongeBob SquarePants''.
## Other websites 
* 
* Episode's TV.com
Ordnance QF 25-pounder

The **Ordnance QF 25-pounder**, or the **25-pounder**, was a British howitzer. It was used during the Second World War. It started being used right before the war started, and was better than previous British howitzers. The gun was better because it could fire at both long and short distances, and could be moved easily. It was the British Army's main artillery gun until the 1960s. Some groups used it for training up until the 1980s. The guns were produced slowly, but 12,000 were made by 1945.

## Design 
The 25-pounder was made because the British Army wanted to replace the 18-pounder and 4.5-inch howitzer. These artillery guns had been in use for a long time, and were too old to be useful against new guns. The 25-pounder was made when the British Army made a weapon that combined the best features from both older weapons. The resulting idea was a gun that could fire howitzer rounds as fast as the 18-pounder. The shell for the 25-pounder was planned to weigh about 30 pounds, and be about 3.75 inches thick.

Making the 25-pounder before the Second World War was hard, because there was not enough money to fund building new guns. The British Army made the decision to change the barrels of the 18-pounders into new ones, and then change the rest of the gun later when money was available. This barrel fired shells that weighed about 25 pounds, and were 3.45 inches thick. It was placed on the carriage (a platform that could be rotated) of newer 18-pounders when it was fired. This made the gun put most of the recoil force into the ground, making it more stable when it fired. The platform gave the gun a smooth surface to rotate on when it was firing, which let soldiers operating it move the barrel faster.
Pátria

"**Pátria**" (; "Fatherland") is the national anthem of East Timor.

## Lyrics
### Portuguese lyrics
### Translations
Because East Timor has three other official languages, Tetum (the national language), English and Indonesian, it has been translated into the other three languages from the original Portuguese lyrics.

## References
Flag of Rhode Island

The **flag of Rhode Island** has a white background with a gold anchor in the center (a symbol for hope) with thirteen gold stars around it (for the thirteen original colonies). Below the anchor is a blue ribbon with the word "HOPE" (the state's motto) in gold on it. This current flag of Rhode Island was adopted in 1897. 

## Gallery 
## Related Articles 
* State of Rhode Island
* Seal of the State of Rhode Island

## References
Flag of the Northern Mariana Islands

The **flag of the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands** features a star (representing the United States), a latte stone (representing the Chamorros), and a *mwarmwar* (wreath; represents the Carolinians). These symbols are all on a blue background which represents the Pacific Ocean and the Mariana Trench. The flag was adopted in 1985.

## Gallery 
## Related articles 
* Northern Mariana Islands
* Seal of the Northern Mariana Islands
* Flags of the U.S. states and territories
César Luis Menotti

**César Luis Menotti** (; 5 November 1938 &ndash; 5 May 2024), known as *El Flaco* ("Slim"), was an Argentine former football manager and player. He won the 1978 FIFA World Cup as the head coach of Argentina.

As a player, he played as a striker for clubs Rosario Central and Boca Juniors.

## Death
Menotti died on 5 May 2024, at the age of 85, after being hospitalized in Buenos Aires for a month with anemia.

## Honours
### Player
**Boca Juniors**
*Primera División: 1965

**Santos**
*Campeonato Brasileiro Série A: 1968
*Intercontinental Supercup: 1968
*Campeonato Paulista: 1968

**Argentina**
*Copa América third-place: 1963

### Manager
**Huracán**
*Primera División: 1973 Metropolitano

**Barcelona**
*Copa del Rey: 1982–83
*Copa de la Liga: 1983 
*Supercopa de España: 1983

**Argentina Youth**
*FIFA U-20 World Cup: 1979

**Argentina**
*FIFA World Cup: 1978

### Individual
*World Soccer 22nd Greatest Manager of All Time: 2013

## References
## Other websites
*Todo-Argentina biography 
*Full Spanish language electronic text of "El DT del Proceso", a book strongly critical of Menotti's ethics and his links to the military regime 
*
Thanom Kittikachorn

Field Marshal **Thanom Kittikachorn** (Thai: ถนอม กิตติขจร, Thai pronunciation: ; 11 August 1911 – 16 June 2004) was the leader of Thailand from 1963 to 1973. He illegally tried to stay in power. Public protests which became violent forced him to quit. His return from  in 1976 caused protests. On October 6, 1976, many people in these protests were killed, and a military coup happened later that day.
Don Siegel

**Donald Siegel** (October 26, 1912 – April 20, 1991) was an American film, television director and producer.

He directed the science fiction horror film *Invasion of the Body Snatchers* (1956). He directed five films with *Clint Eastwood*, including the police thriller *Dirty Harry* (1971) and the prison drama *Escape from Alcatraz* (1979). He also directed John Wayne's last film, the Western *The Shootist* (1976).
Anthem of Transnistria

The "**Anthem of Transnistria**", titled "**We Sing the Praises of Transnistria**", was adopted on 18 July, 2000.

## Lyrics
### Romanian
### Russian
### Ukrainian
### Translations into English
Since Transnistria has three official languages, the anthem has official lyrics in Romanian, Russian and Ukrainian; however, they are not all literal translations of one another and all have different semantic meanings. The translations are represented below:

### Trilingual version
On official TV broadcasts, a trilingual version is used consisting of the first verse and chorus in Russian, the second verse and chorus in Romanian, the first verse and chorus in Ukrainian and the final repeat of the chorus in Russian.

## References
### Notelist
1967–68 Austrian Cup

The **1967-68 Austrian Cup** was the national cup in Austrian football. FK Austria Wien were the defending champions.  After draw was extra time, then a replay. If it is a draw in the replay extra time and then drawing of lots.
## First round 
### Replay matches
## Second round
### Replay matches
## Quarter finals
## Semi-finals
## Final
**SK Rapid Wienː** Gerald Fuchsbichler - Walter Gebhardt - Walter Glechner - Erich Fak - Walter Skocik - Ewald Ullmann - Anton Fritsch - Jörn  Bjerregaard - Leopold Grausam - Rudolf Flögel - Günter Kaltenbrunner Coachː Rudolf Vytlacil

**Grazer AKː** Gerfried Hodschar - Gerald Erkinger - Erich Frisch - Johann Klug - Erwin Ninaus - Heinz Schilcher - Walter Koleznik - Johann Geyer - Erwin Hohenwarter (75. Hermann Stessl) - Ferdinand Eckhart (46. Johann Scharmann ) - Radoslav Slovic Coachː Fritz Kominek

## Top goalscorers
## References