open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Toshi Ichiyanagi

was a Japanese composer of avant-garde music.

Ichiyanagi was born in Kobe, Japan.

One of his best known works is the 1960 composition *Kaiki*, which combined Japanese instruments, *shō* and koto, and western instruments, harmonica and saxophone.

Another work, *Distance* (1961), required the performers to play from a distance of three meters from their instruments. *Anima 7* (1964) stated that chosen action should be performed "as slowly as possible".

Ichiyanagi was married to Yoko Ono from 1956 to 1963.

Ichiyanagi won the 33rd Suntory Music Award (2001). He has been honored with Japan's Order of Culture.
Ichiyanagi died on 7 October 2022, at the age of 89.
## References
## Other websites
* 
* 
* Julian Cope's Japrocksampler entry on Toshi Ichiyanagi
Jim McDaniels

**James Ronald McDaniels** (April 2, 1948 &ndash; September 6, 2017) was an American professional basketball player. He was born in Scottsville, Kentucky. McDaniels was drafted by the Seattle SuperSonics in the second round of the 1971 NBA draft and by the Utah Stars in the ABA Draft, but he began his professional career with the Carolina Cougars of the American Basketball Association. 

McDaniels died in Bowling Green, Kentucky on September 6, 2017 from a long-illness at the age of 69.

## References
Trump: The Art of the Deal

***Trump: The Art of the Deal*** is a 1987 book credited to businessman Donald Trump and journalist Tony Schwartz. Part memoir and part business-advice book. It was the first book published by Trump, Trump said that the book helped to make him a "household name". 

It reached number 1 on *The New York Times* Best Seller list, stayed there for 13 weeks, and altogether held a position on the list for 48 weeks. and his second-favorite book after the Bible.

## References
Megaflora

**Megaflora** (from Greek μέγας *megas* "huge" and Latin *Flōra* goddess of flowers, from *flōs* "flower") is the collective name of extremely large plant species. Examples of megaflora include the sequoias of California and a number of extinct plant species from the Mesozoic.
Noel Picard

**Joseph Jean-Noel Yves Picard** (December 25, 1938 – September 6, 2017) was a Canadian ice hockey defenceman. He was the brother of former National Hockey League (NHL) player Roger Picard with whom he briefly played in St Louis, Missouri for one season. He was born in Montreal, Quebec. He played for the Montreal Canadiens, St. Louis Blues and the Atlanta Flames.

Picard died in Montreal, Quebec on September 6, 2017 at the age of 78.

## References
## Other websites
*
Kim Ki-duk (director, born 1934)

**Kim Ki-duk** (29 September 1934 – 7 September 2017) was a South Korean movie director and professor. He was best known outside of Korea for his 1967 giant monster movie *Yongary*. Kim directed 66 movies in total from his directorial debut in 1961 until his retirement from the movie industry in 1977. 

Along with Kim Soo-yong and Lee Man-hee, Kim was one of the leading young directors of the Korean cinematic wave of the 1960s. The most distinctive and successful genre of this period was the melodrama (청춘영화 - *cheongchun yeonghwa*). He was not related to Kim Ki-duk, the South Korean director of *3-Iron*.

Kim died on 7 September 2017 at the age of 83 from lung cancer in Seoul, South Korea.

## References
## Other websites
* 
*
Kim Ki-duk

**Kim Ki-duk** ( ; December 20, 1960 &ndash; December 11, 2020) was a South Korean movie director and screenwriter. His movies have received many awards in the festival awards, making him one of the most important contemporary Asian movie directors.

## Career
He won the Golden Lion at 69th Venice International Film Festival for *Pietà*, Silver Lion for Best Director at 61st Venice International Film Festival for *3-Iron*, Silver Bear for Best Director at the 54th Berlin International Film Festival for *Samaria* and Un Certain Regard prize at 2011 Cannes Film Festival for *Arirang*.

His best known movie was *Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter... and Spring* (2003). Two of his movies were official submissions for Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film as South Korean entries.

Kim wrote scripts to many of his former assistant directors including Juhn Jai-hong (*Beautiful* and *Poongsan*) and Jang Hoon (*Rough Cut*).

## Death
On December 11, 2020, Kim died in Riga, Latvia from problems caused by COVID-19, just nine days before his 60th birthday.

## International awards 
*Silver Bear (Best Director) for *Samaritan Girl*, Berlin International Film Festival (2004)
*Silver Lion (Best Director) for *3-Iron*, Venice Film Festival (2004)
*Un Certain Regard Prize for *Arirang*, Cannes Film Festival (2011)
*"Award for Future Movies", Küstendorf Film and Music Festival (2012)
*Golden Lion for *Pietà*, Venice Film Festival (2012)
*The Venice Days Best Film Award, Venice Film Festival (2014)

## References
## Other websites
* 
* Kim Ki-Duk: the past, the persistent problems and the near future  About Kim Ki-Duk's 2006 controversial declarations
* Review of Kim Ki-duk's *Time* 
*Working Biography
Michael Moriarty

**Michael Moriarty** (born April 5, 1941) is an American-Canadian stage and screen actor and a jazz musician. He received an Emmy Award, a Tony Award and Golden Globe Award. He is known for his first acting role on American television as a Nazi SS officer in the 1978 mini-series *Holocaust*.

Moriarty played Executive Assistant District Attorney Benjamin Stone for the first four seasons (1990–1994) on the television show *Law & Order.* Moriarty is also known for his roles in movies such as *Bang the Drum Slowly*, ''Who'll Stop the Rain*, *Q: The Winged Serpent*, *The Stuff*, *Pale Rider*, *Troll*, *Courage Under Fire*, and *Shiloh''.

## References
## Other websites
* 
* 
* Michael Moriarty  at the Internet Off-Broadway Database
* 
* 
*Yahoo Movies: Michael Moriarty
*Michael Moriarty UUU fan site (via archive.org): includes semi-regular blog posts by Moriarty
*Michael Moriarty (Aveleyman)
Mícheál Ó Muircheartaigh

**Mícheál Ó Muircheartaigh** (; 20 August 1930 &ndash; 25 June 2024) was an Irish Gaelic games commentator for the Irish national radio and television, Raidió Teilifís. 

In a career that has lasted 60 years, he has come to be regarded as the "voice of Gaelic games." His prolific career has earned him a place in *Guinness World Records*.

Ó Muircheartaigh died at a hospital in Dublin, Ireland at the age of 93 on 25 June 2024.

## References
## Other websites
Madura District (Madras Presidency)

**Madura District** was one of the districts of the Madras Presidency of British India. It covered the present-day districts of Madurai, Dindigul, Theni, Ramanathapuram, Sivagangai and parts of Virudhunagar District in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu.

## History 
Madura district was the centre of the Pandya kingdom and its capital city of Madurai was flourishing ever since the Sangam period. In the 10th century AD, the region was conquered by the rising Chola power. The Pandyas governed as subordinate from the 10th to the 13th century AD when they asserted their independence and established their supremacy over the declining Cholas. After a short and progressive rule, the Pandyas were defeated by the Delhi Sultanate whose ruled Alauddin Khilji sacked Madura. The region was ruled by the Madurai Sultanate for some time before it was conquered by the Vijayanagar Empire. The Vijayanagar kings were succeeded by the Madurai Nayak kingdom whose demise in 1736 left behind a huge void. After a short period of anarchy, Madura was conquered by the British East India Company and the district of Madura was carved out.

## Taluks 
Madura district was sub-divided into 15 taluks, including 5 zamindari taluks of Ramnad estate and 3 zamindari taluks of Sivaganga estate.

## References
Gyposaurus

***Gyposaurus*** (meaning "vulture lizard", referring to the outdated hypothesis that prosauropods were carnivores) is a genus of prosauropod from the early Jurassic of South Africa and China. It is usually considered to represent juveniles of other prosauropods, but "G." *sinensis* is regarded as a possibly valid species.

## References
Ibadan

**Ibadan** is the capital of Oyo State, Nigeria. There are over 3 million people living in Ibadan which makes it the most populous city in Oyo state. It is the third most populous city in Nigeria, after Lagos and Kano. It is the largest city in the country by land size.

Ibadan is located in south-western Nigeria. Ibadan was the centre of administration of the old Western Region since the days of the British colonial rule, and parts of the city's ancient protective walls still stand to this day. The major inhabitants of the city are Yoruba, as well as various communities from other parts of the country.

## Geography 
Ibadan is in southwestern Nigeria, in the southeastern part of Oyo State. It is about 119 kilometers (74 miles) northeast of Lagos and 120 kilometers (75 miles) east of Nigeria's border with the Republic of Benin. The city is within the tropical forest zone but is near the edge of the forest and savanna. Its elevation ranges from 150 meters in the valleys to 275 meters on the main north-south ridge in the city center. Ibadan covers an area of 3,080 square kilometers (1,190 square miles), making it the largest city in Nigeria by land area.

The city of Ibadan is has five natural main rivers with several smaller streams. The Ona River is in the north and west, while the Ogbere River is towards the east. The Ogunpa River flows through the city, and the Kudeti River is in the central part of the city. The Ogunpa River is a third-order stream, 12.76&nbsp;km long, with a catchment area of 54.92 square kilometers. Lake Eleyele is in the northwest of Ibadan. To the east, the Osun River and Asejire Lake mark the city's boundary between Ibadan and Osun, while the fifth river, known as the Odo-Ogun River, forms a boundary between Ibadan and nearby towns such as Iseyin, Eruwa, and parts of Lagos, and Ogun states.

## References
Citipati

***Citipati*** (pronounced  in Hindi, meaning 'funeral pyre lord') is a genus of oviraptorid theropod dinosaur from the Late Cretaceous Period of what is now Mongolia.

The type species, *Citipati osmolskae*, was described in 2001. A second, as yet unnamed species may also exist. *Citipati* is often confused with the similar *Oviraptor*
Zapalasaurus

***Zapalasaurus*** is a genus of dinosaur named after the city of Zapala. The type species, *Zapalasaurus bonapartei*, was found in Neuquén Province, Argentina. It was a diplodocoid, a long-necked herbivore, and it lived during the Early Cretaceous. 

## References
Dakotaraptor

, 2015]]
***Dakotaraptor*** is a genus of large carnivorous theropod dromaeosaurid dinosaur. It lived in the Late Cretaceous of North America.

## Description
### Size
*Dakotaraptor* was about  long. That makes it one of the largest dromaeosaurids known.
Latenivenatrix

***Latenivenatrix*** (meaning "hiding hunter") is a genus of troodontid. It was previously identified as *Troodon*. 

*Latenivenatrix* has an estimated skull length of  and a size . This makes it the largest troodontid known.

## References
Guarinisuchus

***Guarinisuchus*** is an extinct genus of crocodyliform from the Late Cretaceous and Early Paleocene periods, 66-62 million years ago of the María Farinha Formation, Brazil. It was a dominant predator in its environment, and reached a length of 3&nbsp;m (10&nbsp;ft). *Guarinisuchus* appears to be closely related to marine crocodylomorphs found in Africa, which supports the hypothesis that the group originated in Africa and migrated to South America before spreading into the waters off the North American coast.

## References
Tangvayosaurus

***Tangvayosaurus*** (meaning "Tang Vay lizard") is a genus of sauropod dinosaur from the Aptian-Albian age Lower Cretaceous Grès Supérior Formation of Savannakhet, Laos. It was a basal titanosaur, about 15&nbsp;m long, and is known from the remains of two or three individuals.

## Material 
It is based on TV4-1 to TV4-36, consisting of a partial pelvis, several back vertebrae and a tail vertebra, ribs, and an upper arm bone (humerus).

Femur_Tangvayosaurus_hoffeti.jpg|Femur 
Tangvayosaurus.jpg|Model

## References
Coimbatore District (Madras Presidency)

**Coimbatore district** was one of the districts of the erstwhile Madras Presidency of British India. It covered the areas of the present-day districts of Coimbatore, Erode and Tirupur and the Kollegal taluk of present-day Karnataka. It covered a total area of 20,400 square kilometres (7,860 sq mi) and was sub-divided into 10 taluks. The administrative headquarters was Coimbatore city. Most of Coimbatore's inhabitants were Tamil-speaking but there were also large numbers of Malayalam, Telugu and Kannada speaking people.

## History 
Coimbatore was a part of the ancient Chera kingdom during the Sangam Age. After the Chera kingdom fell, the region was ruled by the Western Gangas and the Hoysalas. Coimbatore came under Muslim rule in the 13th century AD and was a province of the Vijayanagar Empire. After the fall of the Vijayanagar Empire, Coimbatore was ruled by the Madurai Nayaks till 17th century. A series of wars between the Kingdoms of Kingdom of Mysore of Madurai Nayak dynasty resulted in the region coming under the control of Mysore kings till the defeat of Tipu Sultan in the Third Mysore War in 1792, Coimbatore became a part of British India.
The district was founded in 1805. In 1868 Nilgiri District was segregated. The Avinashi taluk was formed when Karur was separated from the district and merged with Trichinopoly District. In 1927 and 1929 other readjustments were made. In 1956 the Kollegal taluk was transferred to Mysore State.

## References
Filippo Reef

**Filippo Reef** is a coral reef in the Pacific Ocean. It is located at ,  east of Starbuck Island in the Line Islands. The reef was reported by the master of the Italian barque *Filippo* who saw it on 28 June 1886. From  an unidentified report of  breakers dated 1926, it was estimated to have a water depth of only , and appeared to be about  long northwest to southeast, and less in width.

The only sighting referenced shows a date of 1926. The topographic data supplied by the General Bathymetric Chart of the Oceans (GEBCO), however, shows a sea depth of . It is therefore likely that this 1926 report is an error, and that Filippo Reef is a phantom island. Maps showing the reef rely on the report of 1926, and  are likely in error.

Nevertheless, it is marked in the 2005 edition of the *National Geographic Atlas of the World*.
## References
FC Schaffhausen

**FC Schaffhausen** is a football club which plays in Switzerland.

## Honours
***Swiss Cup: Runners-up**
:: 1988, 1994
***Challenge League: 1st**
:: 2004
***Swiss Super League: 8th**
:: 2006

## Other websites
* Official website
Klosters-Serneus

**Klosters-Serneus** is a ski resort and municipality of the district Davos in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland.

It is a popular ski location and the slopes are easily accessible via a large cable car.

## References
## Other websites
* Official Website
Küblis

**Küblis** is a municipality in the district of Davos in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland.

## References
Air Transat

**Air Transat** is a Canadian leisure airline based in Montreal, Quebec. It was founded in December 1986. In 2016 there were about 2,500 employees.

## Other websites
*airtransat.com
Luna Shamsuddoha

**Luna Shamsuddoha** (4 October &ndash; 17 February 2021) was a Bangladeshi Women Entrepreneur. She was the Chairman of the software firm Dohatec New Media, in Dhaka Bangladesh, which she founded in 1992. She was the first woman to head any state-owned bank in Bangladesh. She is the founder President of Bangladesh Women in Technology (BWIT). She has got ‘Bangladesh Business Award-2017’ for her exceptional contribution to the country’s economy and honored with `Annona Best 10 award' for her remarkable execution in local software industry as a women entrepreneur  She serves as board member of SME Foundation, Independent University Bangladesh (IUB), Director of state-owned Janata Bank Limited. She has joined as chairman of the state-owned Janata Bank Limited.

## Early life and education
Shamsuddoha was born to Lutfar Rahman and Hasina Rahman on 4 October in Dhaka. She got her Secondary School certificate from Viqarunnisa Noon School and College and Higher Secondary School certificate from Holy Cross College. She has a master's degree in International Relations (IR) from University of Dhaka.

## Career
She began business in 1985 as the Managing Partner of The Executive Center. Prior to that, she functioned as English Language Teacher at British Council Language Resource Center and as Lecturer, English Language, Institute of Modern Languages, Dhaka University. Her company is an Independent Software Vendor (ISV) and System Integrator. Dohatec provides software solutions to institutions, government agencies and corporations in USA, Canada, Germany, Switzerland, and Bangladesh. Dohatec’s key clients are The World Bank, World Health Organisation, US Postal Service, Government of Bangladesh and Bangladesh Army.

## Personal life
Shamsuddoha was married to A. K. M. Shamsuddoha, a businessman in Dhaka. The couple had a daughter Reem Shamsuddoha.

Shamsuddoha died on 17 February 2021 in Dhaka.

## Awards
* Bangladesh Business Award, 2017
* Honorary Special Recognition Award by Global Women Inventors & Innovators Network (GWIIN), 2013 

## References
Selima Ahmad

**Selima Ahmed** (born 7 July 1960) is a Bangladeshi politician and businesswoman. She is the Vice Chairperson of Nitol-Niloy Group and started and is the President of the Bangladesh Women Chamber of Commerce and Industry (BWCCI). She is part of the board of Janata Bank Limited. She was a board member of Sonali Bank Limited, but is not any more. In 2014 she won the Oslo Business for Peace Award for her work in Business.  She is a Global Ambassador of The International Alliance for Women (TIAW) and also a Course Teacher of MBA class in University of Dhaka.

## Early life and education
Ahmed earned her graduation and Masters in Business Management from Dhaka University and did short courses from USA, Japan, Denmark and Canada. She is a fellow of Stanford University. She has been working to help businesses for over 28 years and has helped many women entrepreneurs.

## Career
Ahmad, is Vice Chairperson of the Nitol-Niloy Group. She is the Key person of the Bangladesh chapter of Women Democracy Network. She is a member of the Civil Society Advisory Group of UN Women. She also holds positions in different committees of various national and international organizations.

## Personal life
Ahmad is married to Abdul Matlub Ahmad, a Business Leader and former President of Federation of Bangladesh Chambers of Commerce & Industries (FBCCI).

## Awards
* Oslo Business for Peace Award, 2014
* Jeane J. Kirkpatrick Award by International Republican Institute, USA, 2013
* Priyadarshini Award by Federation of Indian Women Entrepreneurs(FIWE), 2012
* Women’s Contribution to Development by The Islamic Development Bank(IDB), 2012
* TIAW World of Difference 100 Award by The International Alliance for Women, Canada, 2010
* Special Prize for Women entrepreneurs by Dhaka International Trade Fair (DITF), 2010
* Women Entrepreneur Appreciation Award by Karachi Chamber of Commerce, 2009
* Business Express Award Women Entrepreneurs by Business Express, 2009
* Female Business Personality of the Year-2008 by Bangladesh Cultural Reporters Association, 2008
* Cultural Reporter’s Award: 2007
* Best Business Woman by Financial Weekly Magazine, 2000, 2002, 2003

## References
Haleh Afshar, Baroness Afshar

**Haleh Afshar, Baroness Afshar** OBE FAcSS (; 21 May 1944 &ndash; 12 May 2022) was a British professor and a life peer in the House of Lords. She was a prominent Muslim feminist, and characterises herself as a Socialist and a Shi'a Muslim.  Her background is in equal opportunities in Britain, and before that, land reform and development in Iran, where she grew up, and journalism in both countries.

Afshar died on 12 May 2022 at the age of 77.

## References
Ramnad estate

The estate of Ramnad was a permanently settled zamindari estate that existed in the Ramnad subdivision of the Madura district and later Ramnad district of the Madras Presidency in British India from 1801 to 1949.

The seat of administration was the town of Ramanathapuram. The Zamindari had its origins in the Kingdom of Ramnad established by Raghunatha Kilavan in the late 17th century. In 1803, the Kingdom was converted to a Zamindari by the British. The male rulers of Ramnathapuram also bore the title of Sethupathi or "protector of the bridge", the bridge here referring to the legendary Rama's Bridge while female rulers bore the title "Nachiyar".
## Details 
The estate covered an area of 2,104 square miles (5,450 km2) and had a population of 723,886 in 1901. It was one of the largest and most populous zamindari estates in the Madras Presidency. The zamindar of Ramnad paid a tribute of Rs. 3.75 lakhs for the year 1903-04 to the British government.

## List of Sethupathis 
### Chieftains under the Madurai Nayak 
*  (1590-1621)
*  (1621-1637)
*  (1637-1659)
* Raghunatha Sethupathi (1659-1670

### Independent kings 
*  (1670–1708)
*  (1708–1723)
*  (1723 -1728)
*  (1728-1734)
*  (1734-1747)
*  (1747-1748)
*  (1748-1760)
*  (1760-1794)

### Ruler of princely state under the paramountcy of the British Raj 
 (1795-1803)

### Zamindars 
* Mangaleswari Nachiyar (1803-1807)
* Annaswami Sethupathi (1807-1820)
* Ramaswami Sethupathi (1820-1830)
* Muthu Chella Thevar Sethupathi (1830-1846)
* Parvatha Vardhani Ammal Nachchiyar (1846–1862)
* Muthuramalinga Sethupathi II (1862–1873)
* Court of Wards (1873–1889)
* Bhaskara Sethupathy (1889–1903)
* Dinakara Sethupathy
* Raja Rajeswara Sethupathi (1903–1929)
* Shanmugha Rajeswara Sethupathi (1929–1967)
* Ramanatha Sethupathi (1967–1979)
* Rajeswari Nachiyar (1979-)

## Reference
Drôme (river)

The **Drôme** () is a river in southeastern France. It is a left tributary of the Rhône river. It gives its name to the French department of Drôme.

## Geography
The Drôme river has a length of , and a drainage basin with an area of .

Its average yearly discharge (volume of water which passes through a section of the river per unit of time) is  at Saillans in the Drôme department.

Colors=
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  id:darkgrey  value:gray(0.7)
  id:sfondo value:rgb(1,1,1)
  id:barra value:rgb(0.6,0.7,0.8)

ImageSize = width:500 height:300
PlotArea = left:50 bottom:30 top:30 right:30
DateFormat = x.y
Period = from:0 till:30
TimeAxis = orientation:vertical
AlignBars = justify
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ScaleMinor = gridcolor:lightgrey increment:5 start:0
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 bar:Jan text:Jan.
 bar:Feb text:Feb.
 bar:Mar text:Mar.
 bar:Apr text:Apr.
 bar:May text:May
 bar:Jun text:Jun.
 bar:Jul text:Jul.
 bar:Aug text:Aug.
 bar:Sep text:Sep.
 bar:Oct text:Oct.
 bar:Nov text:Nov.
 bar:Dec text:Dec.

PlotData=
 color:barra width:20 align:left

 bar:Jan from:0 till: 19.60
 bar:Feb from:0 till: 23.50
 bar:Mar from:0 till: 24.80
 bar:Apr from:0 till: 28.80
 bar:May from:0 till: 26.30
 bar:Jun from:0 till: 14.20
 bar:Jul from:0 till: 6.350
 bar:Aug from:0 till: 4.050
 bar:Sep from:0 till: 6.460
 bar:Oct from:0 till: 12.50
 bar:Nov from:0 till: 20.80
 bar:Dec from:0 till: 19.90

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 bar:Jan at: 19.60 fontsize:S text: 19.60 shift:(-9,5)
 bar:Feb at: 23.50 fontsize:S text: 23.50 shift:(-12,5)
 bar:Mar at: 24.80 fontsize:S text: 24.80 shift:(-12,5)
 bar:Apr at: 28.80 fontsize:S text: 28.80 shift:(-12,5)
 bar:May at: 26.30 fontsize:S text: 26.30 shift:(-12,5)
 bar:Jun at: 14.20 fontsize:S text: 14.20 shift:(-12,5)
 bar:Jul at: 6.350 fontsize:S text: 6.350 shift:(-12,5)
 bar:Aug at: 4.050 fontsize:S text: 4.050 shift:(-12,5)
 bar:Sep at: 6.460 fontsize:S text: 6.460 shift:(-12,5)
 bar:Oct at: 12.50 fontsize:S text: 12.50 shift:(-12,5)
 bar:Nov at: 20.80 fontsize:S text: 20.80 shift:(-12,5)
 bar:Dec at: 19.90 fontsize:S text: 19.90 shift:(-12,5)

**Average monthly discharge (m3/s) at Saillans (108 years)** From here, the Drôme flows first to the northwest and then to the west.

The Drôme river flows within the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region, 2 departments and 37 *communes*. It flows through the following *communes*, among others:

File:Luc en Diois - Drôme 6.JPG|The Drôme river in Luc-en-Diois.
File:Drôme.jpg|The Drôme river near Crest.
File:Vue en aval du pont d'Aouste.jpg|The Drôme in Aouste-sur-Sye.
File:Confluence de la drôme et de Rhone vu des hauteurs du Pouzin (Ardeche).JPG|Confluence of the Drôme and the Rhône

## Main tributaries
The main tributaries of the Drôme river are:

**Left tributaries**:
* Roanne - 33.9 km

**Right tributaries**:
* Bez - 25.4 km
* Gervanne - 29.9 km

## Related pages
* List of rivers of France

## References
University of Dhaka

The **University of Dhaka** (ঢাকা বিশ্ববিদ্যালয়), also known as **Dhaka University** or simply **DU**), is the oldest university in modern Bangladesh. It was created in 1921 during the British Raj. It is important to the modern history of Bangladesh. After the Partition of India, the university was important to the progressive and democratic movements in Pakistan. Its students and teachers played a central role in the rise of Bengali nationalism and the independence of Bangladesh.

Today, it is the largest public university in Bangladesh, with a student body of 33,000 and a faculty of 1,800.

## Other websites
*Official website

## References
List of scientists from the Middle East

## Egypt
## Iran 
## Iraq
*Ahmed Chalabi, was Deputy prime minister; mathematician
*Sinan Al Shabibi, was the governor of the Central Bank of Iraq; economist
*Al-Kindi - he is known as the first to write an explanation of cryptanalysis and the method of frequency analysis; death in 873 AD

## Israel
:*Pages appear in :Category:Israeli scientists*
*Yehoshua Matza; economist
*Ida Nudel; economist

## Jordan
*Abdullah Ensour, former prime minister; economist
*Maen al Qatamin, former Minister of Labor and Minister of State for Investment Affairs; economist

## Lebanon
*Mohamad Chatah, was minister of finance; economist

## Saudi Arabia
*Yasmin Altwaijri, listed on BBC's 2014 list featuring 100 Women internationally; one of thirty-five women featured in the book *Arab Women Rising*, which includes women from Tunisia to Saudi Arabia; scientist within Medicine;

* Suhad Bahajri, Chemistry

## Syria
*Bashar al-Assad, president of Syria (as of 2017), Medicine

## Related pages
* List of scientists from Africa
* List of scientists from Asia
* List of scientists from Europe

## References
List of scientists from Africa

This is a list of scientists from Africa.

## Benin
*Léopold K. Fakambi, he was a "Knight of the National Order of Benin" ; agronomist, d. 2021

## Botswana
*Linah Mohohlo, was Governor of the Bank of Botswana; economist
*Thomas Tlou, was the first Motswana (Botswana citizen) to be vice-chancellor of the University of Botswana

## Burkina Faso
:*Pages appear in :Category:Burkinabe scientists*
*Lassina Zerbo, prime minister; has a PhD in Geophysics from the Université de Paris XI
*Paul Kaba Thieba, former prime minister; economist

## Cameroon
*Esther Dang, Director of the Cameroon National Investment company; presidential candidate; economist
*Achille Mbembe, he is a political scientist

## Chad
*Kalzeubet Pahimi Deubet, former prime minister; economist

## Egypt
## Ghana
*Kofi Annan, was chief of the United Nations(or UN); economist
*Kwesi Amissah-Arthur, was vice-president of Ghana; economist

## Kenya
## Libya
*Mohammed Magariaf, has been president of the General National Congress; economist

## Morocco
:*Pages appear in :Category:Moroccan scientists*
*Mahdi Elmandjra, economist, writer, sociologist; d. 2014
*Hamza Ben Driss Ottmani, was an award-winning writer, Transportation Planning Director, Secretary General of the Ministry of Transports; engineer, economist

## Nigeria
*Adebayo Adedeji, was Federal Commissioner for Economic Development & Reconstruction; Executive Secretary of the United Nations Economic Commission for Africa; economist
*Clement Isong, was governor of the Central Bank of Nigeria, governor of Cross River State; economist
*Farida Kabir, Nigerian-British epidemiologist

## Rwanda
*Agnes Kalibata, former minister of agriculture and animal resources

## São Tomé and Príncipe
*Manuel Pinto da Costa, former president, economist

## Sierra Leone
*J. B. Dauda - member of parliament (in Sierra Leone); economist; he died in 2017

*Ahmad Tejan Kabbah - a former president of Sierra Leone; economist; died in 2014

## Somalia
*Hassan Ali Khayre, economist, former prime minister

## South Africa
*Basil Yamey, was an expert in the history of accounting

## Tunisia
*Chedly Ayari, was President of the Central Bank of Tunisia; cabinet member; economist
*Abbas Bahri, introduced the method of the critical points at infinity, which is a fundamental step in the calculus of variations; Mathematics, Variational analysis; died in 2016
*Mohamed Talbi - the historian died in 2017

## Uganda
*Maria Mutagamba, was minister of tourism, wildlife and antiquities; economist
*Jacob Oulanyah, was Speaker of the 11th Parliament of Uganda; economist 

## Related pages
*List of women scientists from Africa
*List of scientists from Asia
*List of scientists from Europe
*List of scientists from North America
*List of scientists from Oceania
*List of scientists from South America
*List of female scientists from Africa
*Category:LGBT_scientists

## References
List of scientists from North America

This is a list of scientists from North America 

## Belize
*Janet Gibson - Goldman Environmental Prize in 1990; zoologist (and therefore also a biologist)
*Andrea Gill, former president of the Senate of Belize; biologist

## Bermuda
*Louis L. Mowbray - he successfully bred the first Galapagos tortoises and Galapagos penguins in captivity; he was a naturalist and an ornithologist; death in 1952
*David B. Wingate (He got the awards, the Queen’s Honours (UK); and (UN's) Global 500 Award)

## Canada
:*Pages appear in :Category:Canadian scientists*
*Mika McKinnon, she is a geophysicist
* William Vickrey, he was a Nobel Prize winner in economics

## Costa Rica
*Clodomiro Picado, was a pioneer in research on snake venom and the development of various antivenins; treated patients with compounds that he made at least one year before the re-discovery of penicillin by Alexander Fleming.
*Miguel Ángel Rodríguez, former president of Costa Rica; economist

## Cuba
## Dominican Republic
*Luis Abinader, president; economist

## Guatemala
*Fernando Mazariegos, was the creator of the drinking water filter called "Ecofilter"
*Haroldo Rodas, was minister of foreign affairs; economist
*Ricardo Bressani, one of the 42 founding members of the Third World Academy of Sciences, later known as The World Academy of Sciences; Biochemistry, Nutrition; died in  2015

## Haiti
*Jean-Baptiste Chavannes - he got the Goldman Environmental Prize for his work on forest protection; he is an agronomist.

## Honduras
*Rafael Leonardo Callejas Romero, was president of Honduras; economist
*Julieta Castellanos - the International Women of Courage Award from the U.S. State Department.

## Jamaica
*Norman Girvan, was Secretary General of the Association of Caribbean States; economist

## Mexico
:*Pages appear in :Category:Mexican scientists*
*Guillermo Soberón Acevedo, was a Secretary of Health (Mexico); chemist, physician
*Claudia Sheinbaum

## Trinidad and Tobago
*Reema Harrysingh-Carmona, former First Lady of Trinidad and Tobago; economist

## United States
*Thomas Edison - he and his workers made "the first practical incandescent light bulb";  died in 1931
*Nikola Tesla, Serbian-American, best known for his contributions to the design of the modern alternating current (AC) electricity supply system; electrical engineer, mechanical engineer, d. 1943

## Related pages
*List of scientists from Africa
*List of scientists from Asia
*List of scientists from Europe
*List of scientists from Oceania
*List of scientists from South America

## References
Nancy Dupree

**Nancy Hatch Dupree** (; October 3, 1927 – September 10, 2017) was an American-Afghan historian whose work primarily focused on the history of modern Afghanistan.

Dupree went to Barnard College and Columbia University to study Chinese.

Dupree was the director of the Afghanistan Center at Kabul University in Afghanistan and author of five books that she compiled while studying the history of Afghanistan from 1962 until the late 1970s.

## References
Michael Friedman (composer)

**Michael Friedman** (September 24, 1975 &ndash; September 9, 2017) was an American composer and lyricist. He was a founding associate artist of The Civilians. He received a 2007 Obie award for excellence.  His musical *Bloody Bloody Andrew Jackson* opened on Broadway in October 2010. He was born in Boston, Massachusetts, but was raised in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

Friedman was openly gay.

## References
## Other websites
*
* https://www.nytimes.com/2010/02/01/arts/music/01friedman.html
* http://newyork.timeout.com/articles/theater/28431/musical-theater-report-the-anthropologist
Frank Aarebrot

**Frank Henrik Aarebrot** (19 January 1947 – 9 September 2017) was a Norwegian political scientist. He was born in Bergen, Norway. He was professor of comparative politics at the University of Bergen and adjunct professor of democracy development at the Örebro University. He regularly lectured at Institut des Sciences Politiques and at the Humboldt University. Aarebrot has written 69 books on the democratisation of Europe, following the fall of the Berlin Wall. In Norway, Aarebrot was known as a political commentator.

Aarebrot died in Bergen from heart surgery-related problems for a heart attack he suffered on 9 September 2017 at the age of 70.

## References
Solomon Efimovich Shulman

**Solomon Efimovich Shulman** (January 20, 1936 &ndash; September 6, 2017), also known as **Sol Shulman** and **Semion Shulman**, was a Belarusian author, screenwriter, movie director and adventurer. He was the writer of more than forty documentary movies, five feature movie scripts, plus a host of literary and publicist works, published in many countries worldwide. His best known book was *Power and Destiny*. His movies include *In Broad Daylight*, *On the Slopes of Elbruce* and *In Ancient Khiv*.

Shulman died on September 6, 2017 in Melbourne, Australia of heart failure, aged 81.

## References
Nick Theodore

**Nick Andrew Theodore** (born September 16, 1928) is an American politician. He was a State representative from 1963-66 and 1970-78, a South Carolina state senator from 1967-68 and from 1981-86, and the 85th Lieutenant Governor of South Carolina from 1987 to 1995. 

Theodore is a member of the Democratic Party.

## References
W. Brantley Harvey Jr.

**William Brantley Harvey Jr.** (August 14, 1930 &ndash; December 12, 2018) was an American lawyer and politician. He was elected to the South Carolina House of Representatives as a Democrat in 1958, and served until 1975, when he was installed as Lieutenant Governor of South Carolina. He served in that position until 1983. 

Harvey later served on the  South Carolina Commission of Parks, Recreation and Tourism, as well as the South Carolina Department of Transportation.

Harvey died on December 12, 2018 in Beaufort, South Carolina at the age of 88.

## References
Justice Party (India)

The **Justice Party**, officially the **South Indian Liberal Federation**, was a political party in the Madras Presidencyof British India. It was established in 1916 by T. M. Nair P. Theagarayar ,Alamelu Mangai ,Dr.C.Natesanar as a result of a series of non-Brahmins conferences and meetings in the presidency. Communal division between Brahmins and non-Brahmins began in the presidency during the late-19th and early-20th century, mainly due to caste prejudices and too much Brahminical representation in government jobs.

## Elections conducted and aftermath
In 1920, it won the first direct elections in the presidency and formed the government. For the next seventeen years, it formed four out of the five ministries and was in power for thirteen years. It was the main political alternative to the nationalist Indian National Congress in Madras. After it lost to the Congress in the 1937 election, it never recovered. It came under the leadership of Periyar E. V. Ramaswamy and his Self-Respect Movement. In 1944, Periyar transformed the Justice Party into the social organisation Dravidar Kazhagam and withdrew it from electoral politics. A rebel faction that called itself the original Justice Party, contested one final election, in 1952.
## Ideology
The Justice Party was isolated in Indian politics by its many controversial activities. It opposed Brahmins in civil service and politics, and this anti-Brahmin attitude shaped many of its ideas and policies. It opposed Annie Besant and her Home rule movement, because it believed home rule would benefit the Brahmins. The party campaigned against the non-cooperation movement in the presidency. It disagreed with M. K. Gandhi, primarily due to his praise for Brahminism. Its mistrust of the Brahmin–dominated Congress led it to be hostile toward the Indian independence movement. Although it professed to represent all non-Brahmins, the Justice Party eventually lost the support of Muslims and Untouchables, who accused it of serving the interests of only a few castes like Vellalars (Mudaliars, Pillais), Balija Naidus, Beri Chettis, Kapus and Kammas.

The Justice Party's power period is remembered for the introduction of caste-based reservations, and educational and religious reform. In opposition it is remembered for participating in the anti-Hindi agitations of 1937–40. The party was responsible for creating Andhra and Annamalai universities and for developing the area around present-day Theagaroya Nagar in Madras city.

## References
*
*
*
*
*
* 
*
*
*
HIV Drug Resistance Database

**HIV Drug Resistance Database**, also named **Stanford HIV RT and Protease Sequence Database** is a database at Stanford University that shows 93 versions of HIV.  The latest list uses data from other laboratories in Europe, Canada and the United States including more than 15,000 pieces of data.

## Further reading
* HIV Drug Resistance Database

## Related pages 
* Cystic Fibrosis (CF)
* Infectious agent
* List of infectious diseases

## References
Hugh Leatherman

**Hugh K. Leatherman Sr.** (April 14, 1931 &ndash; November 12, 2021) was an American Republican politician. He was a member of the South Carolina Senate, from 1981 until his death. He was the Chairman of the Senate Finance Committee, Leatherman and sat on the state's Budget and Control Board. 

He was President Pro Tempore of the South Carolina Senate for all but one day from 2014 through 2019.

On October 22, 2021, it was announced that Leatherman was in hospice care in Florence, South Carolina for colorectal cancer. He died from the disease on November 12, 2021 at the age of 90.

## References
## Other websites
*South Carolina Legislature - Hugh K. Leatherman Sr.  **Official SC Senate Website**
*Hugh K. Leatherman Sr. **Official Constituent Service Website**
History of the sword

The different types of swords have been of great importance throughout history. In addition to its use as a weapon, the sword has been the object of special considerations forming part of funerary rituals, mythology and other ancient traditions.

## Chronology details 
The present chronology includes diverse and relatively uneven documents. The need to group them into a single list responds to the desire of simplicity.

## Chronology (until the Christian Era) 
### Bronze Swords 
s found next to Nebra's celestial disk. ]]
The manufacturing process was that the bronze swords were cast into moulds, heated to a certain temperature and allowed to cool slowly. Finally they were cold hammered (hitting them with a hammer on an anvil) to increase hardness.
* c.1275&nbsp;BC. Assyrian sword, with inscriptions.
* 1772. Henry Nock was the founder of a gun-making company. He bequeathed to his manager James Wilkinson, maker of the famous swords and sabres.
* 1804. James Wilkinson.
* 1844. Henry Wilkinson 
* 1943. Sword of Stalingrad

## References 
## Other websites
* Chronology of the swords. Information on the different types.
Kunwar Singh

**Vir Kunwar Singh** or **Veer Kunwar Singh** (23 April 1777 – 26 April 1858) belonged to a royal Ujjainiya Rajput house of Jagdispur, which is currently a part of Bhojpur district, Bihar, India. During the Indian Rebellion of 1857 he led soldiers against the troops of the British East India Company. He was the chief organizer of the fight against the British in Bihar.

## Legacy
The Republic of India issued a commemorative stamp on 23 April 1966. The Kunwar Singh University in Arrah is named after him.

## References
Chabana

**Chabana** (茶花, literally "tea flowers"), is a general word used in the Japanese language, for the arrangement of flowers at a Japanese tea ceremony.  The flowers are not arranged in any special way, the method for arranging these flowers is known as "thrown in".  

This style of flower arranging is recognised as a particular type of **Ikebana** (生け花, "arranging flowers"), also known as **Kādo** (華道, the "way of flowers"), which has its beginnings in Buddhist flower offerings.

Chabana in particular, refers to a flower display for the room where the tea ceremony is to be held, the **Chashitsu** (茶室, literally "tea rooms").
Tatya Tope

**Tatya Tope** also spelled **Tantia Tope** (16 February 1814 — 18 April 1859), was an Indian freedom fighter. He was a General in the Indian Rebellion of 1857. His full name is **Ramachandra Pandurang Tope**.

Tope was a close  of Nana Saheb. Tope and Sahib led the Indian forces in the Siege of Cawnpore. The British East India Company surrendered and were told they could have safe passage. But they were attacked by Indian forces and all but 210 women and children were killed.

He fought valiantly against the British in 1857. He was very loyal to Nana Sahib.

## References
**Notes**
Single non-transferable vote

The **single non-transferable vote** (often Abbreviated to S.N.T.V.) is an electoral system for multiple member electoral districts. It is an electoral system which can produce an proportional result but it will depend on the district's magnitude (the number of representatives in the electoral district) if there is more members in each electoral district the more proportional the result will be. In many cases the single non-transferable vote has been replaced by other voting systems. 

In certain cases S.N.T.V. is thought to be similar to Plurality-at-large voting, commonly refereed as Bloc Voting, but is different because in S.N.T.V electors are only allowed to vote for one candidate but in Plurality-at-large voting the voter have as many votes as there are seats to win. 

## Example 
This example has three winners in the electoral district
# The voters select one candidate on the ballot
# All votes are counted
# The three candidates with the highest number of votes win

## Current Usage 
Today there are very few places which use the Single Non Transferable Vote: 
* Afghanistan's House of Peoples. 

* Kuwait's National assembly.
* Indonesia's Regional Representative Council.
* Puerto Rico's Legislative Assembly (only for 11 seats in the Senate and 11 seats in The House of Representatives).
* Japan's House of Councillors (only for 146 seats). 
* Taiwan's Legislative Yuan (only for the six aboriginal seats).
* Vanuatu's Parliament.

## References
Gadi Eizenkot

**Gadi Eizenkot**, Hebrew: גדי איזנקוט, (born May 19, 1960 in Tiberias) has been the Chief of General Staff (*Ramatkal*) of the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) since February 16, 2015.

Eizenkot has the rank of lieutenant general (*rav aluf*).

He has been an Israeli soldier since 1978. He commanded the following units: the Northern Command, the Golani Brigade, the Judea and Samaria Division, and the Operations Directive. In between he was military secretary to prime minister Ehud Barak from 1999 to 2001.

He fought in several wars, like the 1982 Lebanon War, the 2006 Lebanon War and the Gaza War.

Eizenkot is a Maghrebic Jew (he is of Jewish-Moroccan descent). During his youth he lived in Eilat. He studied history at Tel Aviv University and political science at Haifa University. He also studied at the United States Army War College.

He is married with five children, and lives in Herzliya.

## References 
* Ynetnews
B. V. Radha

**Bengaluru Vijaya Radha** (August 1948 &ndash; 10 September 2017) was an Indian actress and movie producer. Starting her career in the 1964 movie  **Navakoti Narayana**. She went on to play mostly supporting roles in over 300 movie, 250 of which were in Kannada, and the rest in Tamil, Telugu, Malayalam, Tulu and Hindi. She was born in Bangalore, Mysore State, India.

## Early Life
Vijaya Radha was born in August 1948 in Bangalore, which was then part of the Mysore State, now in Karnataka, India. From a young age, she had an interest in acting and performing.

## Career
Vijaya Radha started her film career in 1964 with the movie Navakoti Narayana. Over the years, she acted in more than 300 movies. Out of these, around 250 movies were in the Kannada language. She often played supporting roles and her performances were appreciated by audiences and critics.

She worked with many famous actors and directors in the South Indian film industry. Her roles were known for their emotional depth and strong screen presence. She was also involved in movie production and contributed to the industry behind the scenes.

## Death
Radha died of a heart attack on 10 September 2017 in Bangalore at the age of 69.

## References
## Other websites
*
Helen Foster Snow

**Helen Foster Snow** (September 21, 1907 – January 11, 1997) was an American journalist. She lived in China in the 1930s.

## Early life 
Helen Foster was born in Cedar City, Utah. She grew up in the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church). Her parents were John Moody Foster and Hannah Davis. They met while working as teachers at Ricks Academy, a school connected with the LDS Church. Hannah went to school at Ricks Academy. John went to Stanford University. Both of Helen's parents were the children of Mormon pioneers. The pioneers came to Utah in the mid-1800s.

When Helen was young, the Foster family moved a lot. After Helen was born, the Fosters moved to Chicago so John could go to law school. Many years later, the family moved back to Idaho. Moving a lot made Helen more outgoing. She cared about what her new classmates thought of her. Helen took the civil service exam and passed. First, she wanted to work in Europe. But there were no places open for her to work in civil service in Europe. Her boss had a connection in China. This helped Helen get a job with the president of an American company in Shanghai. In August 1931, Helen moved to Asia with hopes of becoming a writer.

## References
René Laurentin

Father **René Laurentin** (October 19, 1917 – September 10, 2017) was a French theologian. He was born in Tours, France.

Laurentin was known as an expert in the field of Mariology and is the author of numerous books and scholarly articles on topics including Marian apparitions such as Lourdes and Medjugorje; visionaries and mystics including Bernadette Soubirous, Thérèse de Lisieux, Catherine Labouré, and Yvonne Aimée de Malestroit; as well as biblical exegesis, theology, and Vatican II.

## References
## Other websites
* Guide to the Father Rene Laurentin collection
* Catholic honor
Don Ohlmeyer

**Donald Winfred** "**Don**" **Ohlmeyer Jr.** (February 3, 1945 &ndash; September 10, 2017) was an American television producer and president of the NBC network's west coast division. He was born in New Orleans, Louisiana. He was a professor of television communications at Pepperdine University in Malibu, California. He served as ombudsman for ESPN.com for 18 months; that term ended in January 2011.

Ohlmeyer died in Indian Wells, California on September 10, 2017 of cancer at the age of 72.

## References
## Other websites
*Don Ohlmeyer Receives Lifetime Achievement Award 
*Don Ohlmeyer hired as ESPN Ombudsman
*Don Ohlmeyer inducted into Sports Broadcasting HOF 
*Don Ohlmeyer's ESPN Biography