Federation

A **federation** is a union of a number of self-governing states or regions, which are joined together under a central government.  The central government is not able to do a lot of things that central government in more centralized states can.  These things are done by the states (or regions) in a federalized state.

The United States of America is a federation. The federal (central) government has the highest executive role. However, state governments can exercise any powers as long as those powers are not assigned to the federal government (by the United States Constitution) and if those powers are not prohibited by the states themselves.

Australia became a Federation in 1901.

After the 1971 civil war, Pakistan became a Federation adopted in the 1973 Constitution of Pakistan.

Other examples of federal states are Austria, Belgium (since 1993), Canada, Germany, Russia and Switzerland.

## List of constituents by federation 
The *federated units* in the table below have inherent governmental authority in the federation's constitutional system, while the "other units" are delegated authority by the federal government or are administered directly by it. 

## Australia
### States 
### Territories
#### Mainland
From 1926 to 1931, Central Australia existed as a separate territory between the 20th and 26th parallels of latitude, before being becoming a part of the Northern Territory again.

#### Overseas territories
*  Ashmore and Cartier Islands
*  Australian Antarctic Territory
*  Norfolk Island
*  Christmas Island
* Cocos (Keeling) Islands
*  Coral Sea Islands Territory
*  Heard and McDonald Islands

#### Former 
* Territory of North Australia (1927-31)
* Territory of Central Australia (1927-31)
* Territory of Papua (1902-49)
* Territory of New Guinea (1920-49)
* Territory of Papua and New Guinea (1949-72)
## Austria
## Belgium
{| class="wikitable"
! width="15%" | Province
! width="17%" | Hainaut
! width="17%" | Walloon Brabant
! width="17%" | Namur
! width="17%" | Liège
! width="17%" | Luxembourg
|-
! French name
| *Hainaut*
| *Brabant wallon*
| *Namur*
| *Liège*
| *Luxembourg*
|-
! German name
| *Hennegau*			 
| *Wallonisch-Brabant*	
| *Namur*			  
| *Lüttich*			 
| *Luxemburg*			  
|-
! Dutch name
| *Henegouwen*		 
| *Waals Brabant*		
| *Namen*			  
| *Luik*			 
| *Luxemburg*			  
|-
! Location
| 			
| 	
| 			
| 			
| 		
|-
! Flag
| 				
| 	
| 				
| 				
| 		
|-
! Coat of Arms
| 					
| 			
| 				
| 				
| 	
|-
! HASC
| BE.HT		
| BE.BW		
| BE.NA		
| BE.LG		
| BE.LX		
|-
! FIPS
| BE03		
| BE10		
| BE07		
| BE04		
| BE06		
|-
! Area
| 3800&nbsp;km²22.56% of Wallonia12.44% of Belgium	
| 1093&nbsp;km²6.49% of Wallonia3.58% of Belgium		
| 3664&nbsp;km²21.75% of Wallonia11.99% of Belgium	
| 3844&nbsp;km²22.82% of Wallonia12.58% of Belgium	
| 4443&nbsp;km²26.38% of Wallonia14.54% of Belgium	
|-
! Subdivisions
| 7 Arrondissements69 municipalities		
| 1 Arrondissement27 municipalities	
| 3 Arrondissements38 municipalities		
| 4 Arrondissements84 municipalities		
| 5 Arrondissements44 municipalities	
|-
! Capital
| Mons			
| Wavre			
| Namur	
| Liège			
| Arlon			
|-

! Population
| 37% of Wallonia	
| 11% of Wallonia	
| 13% of Wallonia	
| 31% of Wallonia	
| 8% of Wallonia	
|-
! Density
| 345 / km²			
| 347 / km²			
| 129 / km²			
| 277 / km²			
| 60 / km²			
|-
! Governor
| Tommy Leclercq		
| Gilles Mahieu		
| Denis Mathen		
| Hervé Jamar		
| Olivier Schmitz		
|-
! Government
| PS, MR	
| MR, PS	
| MR, cdH       	
| PS, MR	
| cdH, PS	
|-
! Website
| Official page		
| Official page		
| Official page		
| Official page		
| Official page 	

Because the German-speaking Community is found in the Province of Liège, people want a third province: the Province of Eupen-Sankt Vith, which would be made up of the 9 municipalities of the German-speaking Community.

## Brazil
### Center-West Region
* Federal District (capital Brasília)
* Goiás (capital Goiânia)
* Mato Grosso (capital Cuiabá)
* Mato Grosso do Sul (capital Campo Grande)

## Notes
## References