open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Eusébio Scheid

**Eusébio Oscar Scheid**, S.C.J. (8 December 1932 – 13 January 2021) was a Brazilian prelate of the Catholic Church. He was Archbishop of Rio de Janeiro from 2001 to 2009. He was born in Luzerna, Brazil.

Scheid was Bishop of São José dos Campos from 1981 to 1991 and Archbishop of Florianópolis from 1991 to 2001.

Scheid died on 13 January 2021 in São José dos Campos, Brazil from pneumonia caused by COVID-19, aged 88.

## References
Philip Tartaglia

**Philip Tartaglia** (11 January 1951 – 13 January 2021) was a Scottish prelate who served as a bishop of the Catholic Church.  He was the Metropolitan Archbishop of Glasgow from 2012 to 2021.  He was the Bishop of Paisley from 2005 to 2012. Tartaglia was born in Glasgow, Scotland.

Tartaglia died on 13 January 2021 at his home in Glasgow from COVID-19 at the age of 70.

## References
Impeachment of Donald Trump

**Impeachment of Donald Trump** may mean:
* First impeachment of Donald Trump
* Second impeachment of Donald Trump
Maguito Vilela

**Maguito Vilela** (24 January 1949 &ndash; 13 January 2021) was a Brazilian politician and lawyer. He was Governor of Goiás from 1995 to 1998. He was also a member of the Brazilian Senate from 1999 to 2007. For a short time in January 2021, he was Mayor of Goiânia.

Vilela died on 13 January 2021 in Goiânia from COVID-19, aged 71.

## References
Kathleen Heddle

**Kathleen Joan Heddle**,  (November 27, 1965 &ndash; January 11, 2021) was a Canadian rower. She won two gold medals at the 1992 Summer Olympics and 1996 Summer Olympics. Heddle also won a bronze medal in 1996. In 1997, Heddle was awarded the Order of British Columbia and was honored into the Canadian Sports Hall of Fame. Heddle was born in Trail, British Columbia.

Heddle died on January 11, 2021 in Vancouver, British Columbia from breast cancer and lymphoma, aged 55.

## References
Koiné language

A **koiné language**, **koiné dialect**, or simply **koiné** (Ancient Greek , "common [language]") is a standard language or dialect made by people who speak closely related languages or dialects in order to be able to talk and write to each other easily. They are created by combining phonology, vocabulary, and grammar from the different dialects (or sometimes creating new words and grammar based on the same methods earlier this sentence). The name of the term comes from Koine Greek, which was a common dialect used by Greeks to talk and write to Greeks from other city states.

This is not to be confused with pidgins or creoles because those are languages that are created for people who speak unrelated, or distantly related, languages.

## Examples 
* Koine Greek
* High German
* Standard Mandarin
* British English Received Pronunciation
*General American English
*Maghrebi Arabic
*Mashriqi Arabic
*Modern Standard Arabic
*Standard Japanese
*Standard Italian
*Mexican Spanish
*Peninsular Spanish
European storm petrel

The **European storm petrel**, **British storm petrel**, or just **storm petrel** (*Hydrobates pelagicus*) is a small seabid. It lives in the Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean, around the coasts of Europe. Note that storm petrel can also refer to another group of birds, which mainly occur in the New World.

Storm petrels spend almost their whole life at sea. For breeding the come to shore, where they breed in large colonies. The bird has a well-developed sense of smell. It uses this to find its nest, or to find food, at night. In Europe, they can occasionally be seen at the Belgian coast, the Netherlands and the coast of Schleswig-Holstein. 

It is one of the smallest seabirds. Its length is  and wingspan about . It weights about .It is usually black, with a white patch. The biggest known colony is probably that on Nólsoy, on the Faroe Islands. The birds can mainly be found in the ocean between Iceland, the Lofoten and the Faroe Islands.

## References
Stacey Plaskett

**Stacey Plaskett** (born May 13, 1966) is an American politician, lawyer and commentator. She is the fifth delegate for the United States House of Representatives from the United States Virgin Islands' at large congressional district. Plaskett is a member of the Democratic Party.

Plaskett has practiced law in New York City, Washington, D.C. and the U.S. Virgin Islands.

Plaskett was born in Brooklyn, New York.

## References
Lauriana Mae

**Lauriana Mae** (born January 18, 1983) is an American pop, R&B and soul singer-songwriter. She has collaborated with other singers, including CeeLo Green, B.o.B. and Kwamé. She performed guest vocals with Green on "Only You". That led to a performance on the Ellen DeGeneres Show on April 17, 2013.

Mae released her first extended play, *Love Mae*, in 2011. In 2015, she released an extended play called *City of Diamonds*. The  record had R&B and hip hop on it.

In 2016, Mae released a mixtape, ''Can't Go Back*. She released the studio album *Small Town City Dreams'' in 2019.

Mae was born in Red Bank, New Jersey.

## References
Marielle de Sarnez

**Marielle de Sarnez** ( ; 27 March 1951 – 13 January 2021) was a French politician. He was a member of the Democratic Movement. In 2017, De Sarnez was elected a member of the National Assembly.

De Sarnez was Minister for European Affairs in the Édouard Philippe cabinet from May to June 2017. From 1999 to 2017, she was Member of the European Parliament. 

De Sarnez was born in Paris. She was married to Philippe Augier. De Sarnez died of leukaemia in Pairs on 13 January 2021, aged 69.

## References
Theodoros Mitras

**Theodoros Mitras** (14 May 1948 &ndash; 12 January 2021) was a Greek politician and lawyer. He was born in Katerini, Greece. He was a member of the New Democracy Party. Mitras was a member of the Hellenic Parliament from 1993 to 1996. 

Mitras died on 12 January 2021 in Thessaloniki, Greece at the age of 72.

## References
Shippensburg, Pennsylvania

**Shippensburg** is a borough in Cumberland and Franklin counties in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania. 5,478 people lived here at the 2020 census. 

## References
Herbert Kroemer

**Herbert Kroemer** (August 25, 1928 &ndash; March 8, 2024) was a German-American physicist. He won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2000 for "developing semiconductor heterostructures used in high-speed- and opto-electronics". 

Kroemer was a professor emeritus of electrical and computer engineering at the University of California, Santa Barbara.

Kroemer died on March 8, 2024 in Santa Barbara, California at the age of 95.

## References
Jack Kilby

**Jack St. Clair Kilby** (November 8, 1923 – June 20, 2005) was an American electrical engineer. He helped discover the first integrated circuit while working at Texas Instruments (TI) in 1958. 

He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics on December 10, 2000.  Kilby was also the co-inventor of the handheld calculator and the thermal printer.

## References
James Heckman

**James Joseph Heckman** (born April 19, 1944) is an American economist. He won the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences in 2000. He works at the University of Chicago. He is Co-Director of Human Capital and Economic Opportunity (HCEO) Global Working Group. 

## References
Daniel McFadden

**Daniel Little McFadden** (born July 29, 1937) is an American econometrician. He won the 2000 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences with James Heckman. He won the prize "for his development of theory and methods for analyzing discrete choice". 

He is the Presidential Professor of Health Economics at the University of Southern California and Professor of the Graduate School at University of California, Berkeley.

## References
Gallant Journey

***Gallant Journey*** (also known as ***The Great Highway***) is a 1946 American drama movie directed by William A. Wellman and starring Glenn Ford, Janet Blair, Charles Ruggles, Henry Travers, Charles Kemper, Arthur Shields, Willard Robertson. It was distributed by Columbia Pictures.

## Other websites
*
Alan J. Heeger

**Alan Jay Heeger** (born January 22, 1936) is an American physicist and academic. He won the 2000 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. He won the prize with Alan G. MacDiarmid and Hideki Shirakawa "for their discovery and development of conductive polymers".

Heeger was born in Sioux City, Iowa, to a Jewish family. He grew up in Akron, Iowa.

## References
Wolfgang Ketterle

**Wolfgang Ketterle** (born 21 October 1957) is a German physicist. He is a professor of physics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). His works focused on experiments that trap and cool atoms to temperatures close to absolute zero. 

He won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2001, together with Eric Allin Cornell and Carl Wieman.

## References
Carl Wieman

**Carl Edwin Wieman** (born March 26, 1951) is an American physicist. He works at Stanford University. 

In 1995, while at the University of Colorado Boulder, he and Eric Allin Cornell created the first true Bose&ndash;Einstein condensate (BEC). In 2001, he won the Nobel Prize in Physics. 

## References
Anthony Leggett

**Sir Anthony James Leggett**  (26 March 1938 &ndash; 8 March 2026) was a British theoretical physicist. He was a professor emeritus at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Leggett was known for his theory of low-temperature physics. He won the 2003 Nobel Prize in Physics.

From 2006 to 2016, he worked at the Institute for Quantum Computing in Waterloo, Ontario. He was chief scientist at the Institute for Condensed Matter Theory, a research institute at the UIUC.

His research focused on cuprate superconductivity, superfluidity in atomic gases, low temperatures of amorphous solids, the formulation of quantum mechanics and topological quantum computation.

Leggett died on 8 March 2026 at the age of 87.

## References
Elfriede Jelinek

**Elfriede Jelinek** (; born 20 October 1946) is an Austrian playwright and novelist. She won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 2004. Jelinek was born in Mürzzuschlag, Styria, Austria.

Her best known works are *The Piano Teacher*, *Die Kinder der Toten*, *Greed* and *Lust*.

## References
Álvaro Mejía (athlete)

**Álvaro Mejía Florez** (15 May 1940 – 12 January 2021) was a Colombian long-distance runner. He competed in the 1964 Tokyo Olympic Games 5,000 meter final. He was born in Medellín, Antioquia, Colombia.

Mejía competed in the 1968 Mexico City Olympics in the 10,000 meters and in the 1972 Munich Olympics.

Mejía also won the 1971 Boston Marathon. He won a bronze medal at the 1971 Pan American Games in the 10,000 metres. Mejía won the Saint Silvester Road Race in 1966.

Mejía died on 12 January 2021 in Bogotá, Colombia at the age of 80.

## References
Philip III of France

**Philip III** or **Philip the Bold** (1 May 1245 – 5 October 1285) was King of France from 1270 until 1285.

## References
Hugh David Politzer

**Hugh David Politzer** (; born August 31, 1949) is an American theoretical physicist. He is the Richard Chace Tolman Professor of Theoretical Physics at the California Institute of Technology. He shared the 2004 Nobel Prize in Physics with David Gross and Frank Wilczek for their discovery of asymptotic freedom in quantum chromodynamics. He was born in New York City.

## References
Hideki Shirakawa

is a Japanese chemist and engineer. He is Professor Emeritus at the University of Tsukuba and Zhejiang University. He is best known for his discovery of conductive polymers. He won the 2000 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Alan MacDiarmid and Alan Heeger.

Shirakawa was born in Tokyo. He studied at the Tokyo Institute of Technology. He is a critic of the Nobel Prize and its media coverage.

## References
Frank Wilczek

**Frank Anthony Wilczek** (; born May&nbsp;15, 1951) is an American theoretical physicist and mathematician. He works at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT).

Wilczek, along with David Gross and H.&nbsp;David Politzer, won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2004 "for the discovery of asymptotic freedom in the theory of the strong interaction."

## References
John L. Hall

**John Lewis "Jan" Hall** (born August 21, 1934) is an American physicist. He won the 2005 Nobel Prize in Physics with Theodor W. Hänsch and Roy Glauber for his work in precision spectroscopy.

## References
Theodor W. Hänsch

**Theodor Wolfgang Hänsch** (born 30 October 1941) is a German physicist. He won one fourth of the 2005 Nobel Prize in Physics for "contributions to the development of laser-based precision spectroscopy, including the optical frequency comb technique" sharing the prize with John L. Hall and Roy J. Glauber.

He was elected a member of the Academia Europaea in 2009.

## References
## Other websites
*Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics
*United States Patents by Theodor Hansch 
*Hänsch's homepage at the MPI for Quantum Optics
*A video interview with Theodor Hänsch
*Hänsch's homepage at LENS(Firenze) 
* Group photograph taken at *Lasers* '95 including (right to left) Marlan Scully, Theodor W. Hänsch, Carl E. Wieman, and F. J. Duarte.
Tim Bogert

**John Voorhis** "**Tim**" **Bogert III** (August 27, 1944 &ndash; January 13, 2021) was an American blues rock singer-songwriter and bassist. He was born in New York City. Bogert played with Carmine Appice and appeared with Vanilla Fudge, Cactus and the power trio Beck, Bogert & Appice.

Bogert died on January 13, 2021 at the age of 76.

## References
Carmine Appice

**Carmine Appice** ( ) (born December 15, 1946) is an American drummer and percussionist. He played with Vanilla Fudge; Cactus; the power trio Beck, Bogert & Appice; Rod Stewart; King Kobra; and Blue Murder.

## References
Margo St. James

**Margaret Jean St. James** (September 12, 1937 – January 11, 2021) was an American women's rights activist and sex worker. In 1973 she started the organization COYOTE and St. James Infirmary Clinic. COYOTE is a medical and social service organization helping sex workers in San Francisco. St. James was born in Bellingham, Washington. 

St. James died on January 11, 2021 under hospice care in San Francisco, aged 83.

## References
Karim

**Karim** is a masculine Arabic name which means "dignified". It comes from the root "Karama (كرامة)" which means "dignity".
## Given name
;Karim
* Prince Karim Aga Khan, Imām of the Shia Imami Ismaili Muslims
* Karim Benzema, French footballer
* Karim Haggui, Tunisian footballer
* Karim Masimov, Prime Minister of Kazakhstan
* Karim Adeyemi, German association football player
* Karim Bagheri, Iranian footballer
* Karim Konaté, Ivorian footballer

;Kareem
* Kareem Abdul-Jabbar (born 1947), American basketball player

## References
Makoto Kobayashi

**Makoto Kobayashi** may refer to:

* Makoto Kobayashi (artist) (born 1958), Japanese manga artist
* Makoto Kobayashi (physicist) (born 1944), Japanese physicist
* Makoto Kobayashi (Olympics), President of the Organizing Committee for the 1998 Winter Olympics and Paralympics
Makoto Kobayashi (physicist)

is a Japanese physicist. He is known for his work on CP-violation. He won the 2008 Nobel Prize in Physics "for the discovery of the origin of the broken symmetry which predicts the existence of at least three families of quarks in nature."

## References
Andre Geim

**Sir Andre K. Geim**  (; born 21 October 1958) is a Russian-born Dutch-British physicist. He works at the School of Physics and Astronomy at the University of Manchester.

Geim was awarded the 2010 Nobel Prize in Physics with Konstantin Novoselov for his work on graphene. 

He is Regius Professor of Physics and Royal Society Research Professor at the National Graphene Institute. He was born in Sochi, Russian SFSR, Soviet Union.

## References
Konstantin Novoselov

**Sir Konstantin Sergeevich Novoselov**  (; born  1974) 

His work on graphene with Andre Geim won them the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2010.

He was elected a member of the Academia Europaea in 2015.

## References
Saul Perlmutter

**Saul Perlmutter** (born September 22, 1959) is an American astrophysicist. He worked at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and a professor of physics at the University of California, Berkeley. He is a member of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences.

Perlmutter won the 2011 Nobel Prize in Physics.

## References
Joël Robert

**Joël Robert** (26 November 1943 – 13 January 2021) was a Belgian professional motocross racer. He was one of the most successful motocross racers competing in the Motocross World Championships during the 1960s and early 1970s.

Robert died on 13 January 2021 in Gilly, Belgium, aged 77. He was in a coma after having a heart attack while being treated with COVID-19.

## References
David Gross

**David Jonathan Gross** (; born February 19, 1941) is an American theoretical physicist and string theorist. He won the 2004 Nobel Prize in Physics for his discovery of asymptotic freedom. Gross is the Chancellor's Chair Professor of Theoretical Physics at the Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics of the University of California, Santa Barbara (UCSB). 

He is a foreign member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.

## References
Adam Riess

**Adam Guy Riess** (born December 16, 1969) is an American astrophysicist. He works at Johns Hopkins University and the Space Telescope Science Institute. He is known for his research in using supernovae as cosmological probes.

Riess shared both the 2006 Shaw Prize in Astronomy and the 2011 Nobel Prize in Physics with Saul Perlmutter and Brian P. Schmidt for "providing evidence that the expansion of the Universe is accelerating". This means that the expanding Universe is expanding at an ever-increasing rate.

In 2020, Riess was appointed a Fellow of the American Astronomical Society.

## Highly cited articles 
These articles have each been cited over 1900 times.
* 1998 with V Filippenko, P Challis, A Clocchiatti, A Diercks, et al., *Observational evidence from supernovae for an accelerating universe and a cosmological constant*, in: *The Astronomical Journal*. Vol. 116, nº 3; 1009.
* 2009 with KN Abazajian, JK Adelman-McCarthy, MA Agüeros, SS Allam, CA Prieto, et al., *The seventh data release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey*, in: *The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series*. Vol. 182, nº 2; 543.
* 2004 with LG Strolger, J Tonry, S Casertano, HC Ferguson, B Mobasher, et al., *Type Ia supernova discoveries at z> 1 from the Hubble Space Telescope: Evidence for past deceleration and constraints on dark energy evolution*, in: *The Astrophysical Journal*. Vol. 607, nº 2; 665.
* 2007 with JK Adelman-McCarthy, MA Agüeros, SS Allam, KSJ Anderson, et al., *The fifth data release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey*, in: *The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series*. Vol. 172, nº 2; 634.
* 2003 with JL Tonry, BP Schmidt, B Barris, P Candia, P Challis, A Clocchiatti, AL Coil, et al., *Cosmological results from high-z supernovae*, in: *The Astrophysical Journal*. Vol. 594, nº 1; 1.
* 2007 with LG Strolger, S Casertano, HC Ferguson, B Mobasher, B Gold, et al., *New Hubble space telescope discoveries of type Ia supernovae at z≥ 1: narrowing constraints on the early behavior of dark energy*, in: *The Astrophysical Journal*. Vol. 659, nº 1; 98.
* 1998 with BP Schmidt, NB Suntzeff, MM Phillips, RA Schommer, A Clocchiatti, et al., *The high-Z supernova search: measuring cosmic deceleration and global curvature of the universe using type Ia supernovae*, in: *The Astrophysical Journal*. Vol. 507, nº 1; 46.

## References
David J. Wineland

**David Jeffrey Wineland** (born February 24, 1944) is an American physicist. He works at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) physics laboratory. He was awarded the 2012 Nobel Prize in Physics with Serge Haroche for "ground-breaking experimental methods that enable measuring and manipulation of individual quantum systems". He was born in Milwaukee, Wisconsin.

## References
Isamu Akasaki

was a Japanese engineer and physicist. He was best known for inventing the bright gallium nitride (GaN) p-n junction blue LED in 1989.

Akasaki was awarded the Kyoto Prize in Advanced Technology in 2009. He was also awarded the 2014 Nobel prize in Physics with Hiroshi Amano and Shuji Nakamura "for the invention of efficient blue light-emitting diodes, which has enabled bright and energy-saving white light sources".

Akasaki died on April 1, 2021 at his home in Nagoya, Japan from pneumonia, aged 92.

## References
Toshihide Maskawa

was a Japanese theoretical physicist. He is known for his work on CP-violation. He won the 2008 Nobel Prize in Physics "for the discovery of the origin of the broken symmetry which predicts the existence of at least three families of quarks in nature."

Maskawa died on July 23, 2021 in Kyoto, Japan from jaw cancer at the age of 81.

## References
Mo Yan

**Guan Moye** (; born 17 February 1955), better known by the pen name **Mo Yan** (, ), is a Chinese novelist and short story writer. 

He is best known to Western readers for his 1987 novel  *Red Sorghum Clan*. In 2012, Mo was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature for his work as a writer "who with hallucinatory realism merges folk tales, history and the contemporary".

## Related pages
*List of Chinese writers

## References
Shuji Nakamura

is a Japanese-born American electronic engineer. He is a professor at the Materials Department of the College of Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara (UCSB). He is known as the inventor of the blue LED. 

With Isamu Akasaki and Hiroshi Amano, he is one of the three winners of the 2014 Nobel Prize for Physics.

## References
Patrick Modiano

**Jean Patrick Modiano** (; born 30 July 1945), generally known as **Patrick Modiano**, is a French novelist. He won the 2014 Nobel Prize in Literature. He is known for *Rue des boutiques obscures*. 

## References
Serge Haroche

**Serge Haroche** (born 11 September 1944) is a French physicist. He won 2012 Nobel Prize for Physics with David J. Wineland for "ground-breaking experimental methods that enable measuring and manipulation of individual quantum systems". 

## References
Tunisian National Dialogue Quartet

The **Tunisian National Dialogue Quartet** (Arabic: الرباعي التونسي للحوار الوطني, French: *Quartet du dialogue national*) is a group of four civil society organizations. They focus on democracy and the constitutional settlement in Tunisia.

The quartet was formed in the summer of 2013 after a political crisis. 

On 9 October 2015, the quartet was awarded the 2015 Nobel Peace Prize.

## References
Ndubuisi Kanu

**Ndubuisi Godwin Kanu** (November 3, 1943 – January 13, 2021) was a Nigerian Navy rear admiral and politician. He was the Imo State Governor from 1976 to 1977 and Lagos State Governor from 1977 to 1978. 

Kanu died on January 13, 2021 at the age of 77.

## References
William C. Campbell (scientist)

**William Cecil Campbell** (born 28 June 1930) is an Irish-born American biologist and parasitologist. He is known for his work in discovering a novel therapy against infections caused by roundworms. He won the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. He helped to discover a class of drugs called ivermectins. 

Campbell worked at the Merck Institute for Therapeutic Research and is currently a research fellow emeritus at Drew University.

## References
Seyoum Mesfin

**Seyoum Mesfin Gebredingel**  (25 January 1949 &ndash; 13 January 2021) was an Ethiopian politician. He was Ethiopia's Minister of Foreign Affairs from 1991 until September 2010. He was Ethiopia's Ambassador to the People's Republic of China from 2010 until 2017. Mesfin was born in Adigrat, Ethiopia. He was a member of the People's Revolutionary Democratic Front.

Seyoum was killed during the Tigray War by the Ethiopian National Defense Force on 13 January 2021, aged 71.

## References
Hiroshi Amano

is a Japanese physicist, engineer and inventor. His work focused on semiconductor technology. He won the 2014 Nobel Prize in Physics together with Isamu Akasaki and Shuji Nakamura for "the invention of efficient blue light-emitting diodes which has enabled bright and energy-saving white light sources".

## References
Duncan Haldane

**Frederick Duncan Michael Haldane**   (born 14 September 1951), known as **F. Duncan Haldane**, is a British-born physicist. He is the Sherman Fairchild University Professor of Physics at Princeton University. He is a co-recipient of the 2016 Nobel Prize in Physics, along with David J. Thouless and J. Michael Kosterlitz.

## References
International Campaign to Abolish Nuclear Weapons

The **International Campaign to Abolish Nuclear Weapons** is a global civil society group working to support and promote the Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons. ICAN was launched in 2007 and counts 541 partner organizations in 103 countries as of 2019.

The campaign received the 2017 Nobel Peace Prize "for its work to draw attention to the catastrophic humanitarian consequences of any use of nuclear weapons and for its ground-breaking efforts to achieve a treaty-based prohibition of such weapons."

## References
Peter Fenwick

**Peter Brooke Cadogan Fenwick** (25 May 1935 &ndash; 22 November 2024) was a British neuropsychiatrist and neurophysiologist. He was known for his studies of epilepsy and end-of-life phenomena.

Fenwick was a senior lecturer at King's College, London. He worked as a consultant at the Institute of Psychiatry.

Fenwick died on 22 November 2024 at his home in London at the age of 89.

## Works
* *The Art of Dying* (Continuum, 2008)
* *Past Lives: An Investigation into Reincarnation Memories* (Berkley, 2001)
* *The Hidden Door: Understanding and Controlling Dreams* (Berkley Publishing Group, 1999)
* *The Truth in the Light: An Investigation of Over 300 Near-Death Experiences* (Berkley Trade, 1997)
* *Living with Epilepsy* (Bloomsbury, 1996)

## References
## Other websites
*The Truth in Light Book Review by Anthony Campbell
*Peter Fenwick's YouTube Channel
Takaaki Kajita

is a Japanese physicist. In 2015, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics with Canadian physicist Arthur B. McDonald.

On 1 October 2020, he became the president of the Science Council of Japan.

## References
Yashwantrao Chavan

**Yashwantrao Balwantrao Chavan** (12 March 1913 – 25 November 1984) was an Indian politician. He served as the Deputy Prime Minister of India from 1979 to 1980. He was a strong Congress leader. He is also co-operative leader, social activist and writer. He was popularly known as *Leader of Common People*.

## Death and legacy
Yashwantrao Chavan died of a heart attack on 25 November 1984 in Delhi. He was aged 71 years.
### Legacy
* Yashwantrao Chavan holds the record of being the only Maharashtrian leader. He held the 4 most important post in the Union government. They are Home, External Affairs, Defence and Finance. 
* When Yashwantrao was appointed Federal Defence minister following the China war in 1962, a popular saying arose in Maharashtra- "हिमालयाच्या हाकेला धावला सह्याद्री" ("Himalayachya Hakela Dhavla Sahyadri"), translated in English, Sahyadri (the mountain range that separates Konkan from the Deccan Plateau) came rushing on the call (for help) by the Himalaya.
* During the 1960s and early 70s when Yashwantrao was at the peak of his power and influence, he was called Pratishivaji or New Shivaji.

### Yashwantrao Chavan Pratishtan (Foundation)
*In 1985, soon after his death,Yashwantrao Chavan Pratishtan (Foundation) was established in Bombay.
*In 2010, The Pratishtan instituted a corpus at the Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses (IDSA) for the conduct of an annual Y B Chavan Memorial lecture. Yashwantrao was the founding President of IDSA. The inaugural lecture in 2010 was delivered by Prof. Sunil Khilnani. Prof. Kanti Bajpai, and  Ambassador Kanwal Sibal delivered the 2011 and 2012 lectures respectively

### Places named after Yashwantrao Chavan
*In 1980, Ujjani Back water named Yashwant Sagar on Bhima River village Ujjani in Solapur district.
*In 1984, an engineering college named Yeshwantrao Chavan College of Engineering was established in Nagpur.
*In 1989, an open university named 'Yashwantrao Chavan Maharashtra Open University' was established at Nasik in Maharashtra. The expressway between Pune and Mumbai is named after him as are the auditoriums in the Kothrud suburb of Pune, at Nariman Point in Mumbai and the Town Hall in Karad.
*Yashwantrao Chavan Memorial hospital in Sant Tukaram Nagar area of Pimpri is named after him.
*Shivaji University, Kolhapur has established 'Yashwantrao Chavan School of Rural Development'.
* In 2009, the Mumbai Pune Expressway, India's first Express-Way, was named Yashwantrao Chavan Mumbai-Pune Express-Way.

## References
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|-

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|-

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|-

|-
Gilda

***Gilda*** is a 1946 American romantic drama movie directed by Charles Vidor and starring Rita Hayworth, Glenn Ford, Joe Sawyer, Steven Geray, George Macready, Joseph Calleia, Don Douglas, Gerald Mohr. It was distributed by Columbia Pictures.

## Other websites
* 
* 
*
Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan

Sheikh **Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan** (; 6 May 1918&nbsp;– 2 November 2004) was the ruler of Abu Dhabi for more than 30 years (6 August 1966&nbsp;– 2 November 2004). 

He was the main builder of the United Arab Emirates. He was the Union's first *Raʾīs* (President), a post which he held for almost 33 years (1971 until his death in 2004). He is known as the "Father of the Nation".

  Retrieved 21 March 2018.
## References
Storm petrel

s of the family *Hydrobatidae*.]]
, of the family *Oceanitidae*.]]
**Storm petrel** may mean one of two bird families, both in the order Procellariiformes, once treated as the same family.

The two families are:
*Northern storm petrels (Hydrobatidae) are found in the Northern Hemisphere, although some species around the Equator dip into the south.

*Austral storm petrels (Oceanitidae) are found in all oceans, although only white-faced storm petrels (breeding in the North Atlantic, in addition to the Southern Ocean) and Wilson's storm petrels (on migration) are found in the Northern Hemisphere.
Chicka Chicka 1, 2, 3

***Chicka Chicka 1, 2, 3*** is an American children's book written by Bill Martin, Jr. and Michael Sampson. The book features anthropomorphized numbers.
Papurana supragrisea

The **Papua gray frog** (*Papurana supragrisea*) is a frog from New Guinea.  Scientists have seen it on the southeast peninsual and the d'Entrecasteaux Islands and they think it may live in other places as well.

## References
Deathbed phenomena

**Deathbed phenomena** is many experiences seen by people who are dying. There are many examples of deathbed phenomena in both non-fiction and fictional literature.

In scientific literature, they have been called as death-related sensory experiences (DRSE). Dying patients have reported to staff working in hospices they have experienced comforting visions.

Modern scientists think that the deathbed phenomena and visions are hallucinations.

## History 
The deathbed phenomenon is not a new concept, and it has been documented in various cultures and traditions throughout history. However, interest in it has increased in modern times, especially with advances in medical science and healthcare.

## Common Phenomena 
Visions of deceased loved ones: Some people see their deceased loved ones standing beside them or waiting for them. These visions may be accompanied by feelings of peace and comfort.

Communication with spirits: Some people may communicate with the spirits of their deceased loved ones or feel their presence. This communication may occur through dreams, visions, or feelings of presence.

Feelings of peace: Some people feel a sense of peace and comfort before their death, which may be due to their acceptance of death or satisfaction with their life.

Sudden improvement: Some people may experience a sudden improvement in their condition before death, allowing them to communicate with loved ones or engage in activities they were previously unable to do.

## Interpretations 
Spiritual interpretations: Some people believe that the deathbed phenomenon is a genuine spiritual experience, where individuals communicate with the spirits of their deceased loved ones or feel their presence.

Psychological interpretations: Others believe that the deathbed phenomenon is a result of psychological changes that occur in individuals before death, such as feelings of satisfaction with life or acceptance of death.

Medical interpretations: Some people believe that the deathbed phenomenon is a result of chemical changes in the brain or the effects of medication.

## Related pages 
* Death
* Spirituality

## References
Continental philosophers

**Continental philosophers** are a group of philosophers mainly from continental Europe (especially France and Germany). Continental philosophy includes philosophical movements from the 19th century and after. The term became popular among researchers in England after World War II. It is often used to separate from analytic philosophy. Being a philosopher from continental Europe is not quite the same as being a continental philosopher. Some continental philosophers are from other parts of the world.

There are many movements within continental philosophy, such as: critical theory, deconstruction, existentialism, German idealism, Hegelianism, Marxism, Nietzscheanism, phenomenology, postmodernism, and others.

## References
2020–21 United States Senate election in Georgia

An election happened to elect a Senator from the U.S. state of Georgia. There were two rounds on November 3, 2020; and January 5, 2021. The two people in last round of the election were Jon Ossoff (Democratic Party) and David Perdue (Republican Party). 

Primary elections happened on June 9, 2020. The Republican Party primary only had one person, David Perdue, as he was Senator before the election. There were many people in the Democratic Party primary, and Jon Oscoff won. These went against Libertarian Party candidate Shane T. Hazel. Nobody got more than 50% of the vote, so the top two (Oscoff and Perdue) went to a second round in January. Ossoff won the second round and became Senator.

## Democratic Party primary
## Republican Party primary
## Results
### First round
### Second round
## References
Mimi Pond

**Mimi Pond** is an American cartoonist. She wrote the first episode of *The Simpsons* ("Simpsons Roasting on an Open Fire"). Producers did not allow her to write more episodes because she is a woman. She wrote two memoirs. She wrote *Over Easy* in 2014 and *The Customer is Always Wrong* in 2017.

She is married to the artist Wayne White. They have two children, Woodrow and Lulu White.

## References
I Am Cuba

***I Am Cuba*** (; , *Ya Kuba*) is a 1964 anthology drama movie directed by Mikhail Kalatozov. The movie was Soviet-Cuba and was not popular in both countries. It was thought to be a lost movie until being re-discovered in 1994. 

The movie is shot in black and white.

## References
John Ward (New Zealand cricketer)

**John Thomas Ward** (11 March 1937 – 12 January 2021) was a New Zealand cricketer. He played as a wicket-keeper in eight Test matches between 1964 and 1968. He was born in Timaru, New Zealand. He played for Canterbury from 1959 until 1971. He also played for the national team from 1964 to 1968. 

Ward died in Timaru on 12 January 2021 after a short illness, aged 83.

## References
Mario Cecchini

**Mario Cecchini** (25 January 1933 &ndash; 13 January 2021) was an Italian Roman Catholic bishop. He became a priest in 1958. He was bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Fano-Fossombrone-Cagli-Pergola from 1986 until his resignation in 1998. He was born in Arcevia, Italy.

Cecchini died on 13 January 2021 from COVID-19 in Arcevia, aged 87.

## References
Arcevia

**Arcevia** is a *comune* in the province of Ancona of the region of Marche, central-eastern Italy.

## Notes
## Other websites
* www.arceviaweb.it - Official website of the comune di Arcevia
Moses Hamungole

**Moses Hamungole** (1 May 1967 &ndash; 13 January 2021) was a Zambian Roman Catholic bishop. Hamungole was born in Lusaka, Zambia. He became a priest in 1994. He was bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Monze, Zambia from 2014 until his death in 2021.

Hamungole died on 13 January 2021 in Lusaka from COVID-19, aged 53.

## References
Harold Bornstein

**Harold Nelson Bornstein** (March 26, 1947 – January 8, 2021) was an American gastroenterologist. He was best known as Donald Trump's personal physician. He was his personal physician from 1980 until early 2018. He was born in New York City.

In May 2018 Bornstein said that Trump had told him what to write on a letter about his health over the telephone, then sent a car to pick it up.

Speaking to *The New York Times* in February 2017, Bornstein revealed that he was invited to and attended President Trump's inauguration with his wife Melissa. Bornstein told *The Times* that he enjoyed the attention from being known as the President's personal physician. Bornstein had hoped to be the Physician to the President, but the White House decided that Ronny Jackson would continue in that role.

Bornstein died on January 8, 2021 at the age of 73.

## References
Vincent Logan

The Right Reverend **Vincent Paul Logan** (30 June 1941 &ndash; 14 January 2021) was a Scottish Roman Catholic prelate. He was the ninth bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Dunkeld from 1981 to 2012. He was born in Bathgate, Scotland. He became a priest in 1964.

Logan died on 14 January 2021, aged 79.

## References
Aleksandr Borisovich Nikitin

**Aleksandr Borisovich Nikitin** (; 4 February 1961 – 14 January 2021) was a Russian professional football coach and player. He was born in Stalingrad, Russia. He was known for playing and managing Rotor Volgograd. His playing career lasted from 1978 to 1993. His managing career lasted from 1997 to 2009.

Nikitin died on 14 January 2021 in Volgograd at the age of 59. 

## References
Leonidas Pelekanakis

**Leonidas Pelekanakis** (2 November 1962 &ndash; 14 January 2021) was a Greek sailor. He competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics, the 2000 Summer Olympics, and the 2004 Summer Olympics. He was born in Athens, Greece.

Pelekanakis died of COVID-19 on 14 January 2021 in Athens, aged 58.

## References
Safwat El-Sherif

**Mohamed Safwat El Sherif** () (19 December 1933 – 14 January 2021) was an Egyptian politician and businessman. He was Chairman of the State Information Service. He was the Minister of Information from 1981 to 2004.

El Sherif died on 14 January 2021 in Cairo, Egypt from COVID-19 at the age of 88.

## References
Oscar Rizzato

**Oscar Rizzato** (28 February 1928 &ndash; 11 January 2021) was an Italian Roman Catholic prelate. He became a priest in 1954. He was created titular bishop of *Virunum* from 1989 until his death. He was born in Veneto, Italy.

Rizzato died on January 11, 2021 in Padua, Italy from problems caused by COVID-19, at the age of 91. 

## References
Susan May Pratt

**Susan May Pratt** (born February 8, 1974) is an American actress. She played Mandella in *10 Things I Hate About You*, Alicia in *Drive Me Crazy*, and Maureen Cummings in *Center Stage*.

Pratt was born in Lansing, Michigan. Her career began in 1998. In 2006, Pratt married Kenneth Mitchell. They have two children.

## References
Charlotte, Michigan

**Charlotte** ( ) is a city in the U.S. state of Michigan. In the 2020 census, 9,299 people lived here.  It is the county seat of Eaton County.

## References
Lansing, New York

**Lansing** () is a town in Tompkins County, New York, United States. 11,565 people lived here at the 2020 census.

## References
Gimax

**"Gimax"**, pseudonym of **Carlo Franchi** (1 January 1938 – 13 January 2021) was an Italian racing driver. He never raced under his real name. He was born in Milan. He entered one World Championship Formula One Grand Prix with Surtees, the 1978 Italian Grand Prix, but did not qualify. Gimax also participated in one non-Championship Formula One race, the 1979 Dino Ferrari Grand Prix.

Gimax died on 13 January 2021 in Milan, aged 83.

## References
Methuen, Massachusetts

**Methuen**  is a city in Essex County, Massachusetts, United States. 53,059 people lived here at the 2020 census.

## References
Kenneth Mitchell (actor)

**Kenneth Alexander Mitchell** (25 November 1974 – 24 February 2024) was a Canadian actor. He was born in Toronto. His career began in 2000. He is known for playing many Klingon characters *Star Trek: Discovery*. He also played Deke Slayton in ABC's *The Astronaut Wives Club* television drama series.

In 2006, Mitchell married actress Susan May Pratt. They had two children.

In February 2020, Mitchell revealed that he was diagnosed with ALS in 2019. Mitchell died on February 24, 2024, at the age of 49.

## References
## Other websites
*
Robert Stroud

**Robert Franklin Stroud** (January 28, 1890 &ndash; November 21, 1963), known as the "**Birdman of Alcatraz**", was an American convicted murderer, federal prisoner and author. He was one of the most notorious criminals in the United States. 

During his time at Leavenworth Penitentiary, he sold birds and became a respected ornithologist. He was transferred to Alcatraz, where he was incarcerated from 1942 to 1959. 

Stroud was never released from the federal prison system; he was imprisoned from 1909 to his death in 1963.

## References
State Information Service

The **State Information Service** is an Egyptian government agency. It reports directly to the Egyptian Presidency. It is the official media and public relations apparatus of the Egyptian state. It is responsible for regulating the affairs of foreign press and media correspondents in Egypt.

The Service was founded in 1954 by the Revolutionary Command Council. It abolished the Monarchy. Revolutionary Command Council member Salah Salem was SIS's first Chairman.

The current Chairman of SIS is Diaa Rashwan. He is a journalist and politician. He was appointed to the post by president Abdel Fattah el-Sisi in June 2017. Among the previous Chairmen of SIS was Safwat El-Sherif one of the leading figures in president Hosni Mubarak's government.

**Chairmen of SIS**
- Salah Salem (1954 - 1955)
- Amin Howeidi (1965 - 1966)
- Ahmed Asmat Abdel-Meguid (1967 - 1968)
- Safwat El-Sherif (1979 - 1980)
- Mamdouh El Beltagui (1983 - 1993)
- Nabil Othman (1994 - 2003)
- Taha Abdel Alim (2003 - 2004)
- Nasser Kamel (2005 - 2006)
- Diaa Rashwan (2017 - present)

## References
José Luis Caballero

**José Luis Caballero** (21 June 1955 – 14 January 2021) was a Mexican footballer. He competed in the men's tournament at the 1976 Summer Olympics. He won a gold medal at the 1975 Pan American Games. He was born in Mexico City.

Caballero died on 14 January 2021 in Mexico City, aged 65.

## References
Sinikka Nopola

**Sinikka Marianna Nopola** (26 November 1953 – 13 January 2021) was a Finnish children's writer. She published 80 books from 1987 until her death. Nopola's popular series were series *Hayflower and Quiltshoe* and *Ricky Rapper*. Nopola was born in Helsinki. She worked as a journalist for the newspaper *Helsingin Sanomat*.

Nopola died on 13 January 2021 in Helsinki, aged 67.

## References
Echinococcosis

**Echinococcosis** is an infection caused by tapeworms. Animals such as dogs and sheep are able to transmit the disease. Risk factors are coming in contact with feces of livestock, dogs and foxes. Humans become infected swallowing tapeworm eggs in the contaminated food. Then eggs can spread to liver, lungs and brain forming cysts. That is why Echinococcosis is also called **Hydatid cyst disease**. Cysts can be found using ultrasound, computer tomography, or magnetic resonance imaging. To confirm the diagnosis ELISA, immunological test should be done. Treatment includes antiparasitic medications. Surgical intervention such as cyst aspiration is recommended to avoid to prevent to spread of the infection.

## Related pages 
* Chlamydia psittaci 
* Enterobiasis (Pinworm infection)
A Wicked Woman

***A Wicked Woman*** is a 1934 American drama movie directed by Charles Brabin and was based on the novel of the same name by Anne Austin. It stars Mady Christians, Charles Bickford, Betty Furness, Zelda Sears, Robert Taylor, Sterling Holloway and was distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer.

## Other websites
* 
* 
*
The Return of October

***The Return of October*** is a 1948 American comedy movie directed by Joseph H. Lewis and starring Glenn Ford, Albert Sharpe, Terry Moore, James Gleason, Dame May Whitty, Lloyd Corrigan. It was distributed by Columbia Pictures.

## Other websites
*
Bernd Kannenberg

**Bernhard "Bernd" Kannenberg** (20 August 1942 &ndash; 13 January 2021) was a West German race walker. He won the 50&nbsp;km event at the 1972 Summer Olympics, winning the gold medal. Kannenberg was born in Königsberg, East Prussia, Nazi Germany. After retiring from competitions he coached the German race walking team.

Kannenberg died on 13 January 2021, at age of 78. 

## References
Comic book convention

A **comic book convention**, often called **comic con** is an event where people gather to talk about comic books. Fans of comic books will come to comic book conventions to meet other comic book fans, to meet with comic book authors, or to participate in many other activities related to comic books. The first comic book convention was held in 1964, and was called New York Comicon.

## Related pages
*New York Comic Con
*San Diego Comic-Con
*WonderCon
*CCXP

## References
Mona Malm

**Mona Malm** (born **Mona Kristina Ericsson**; 24 January 1935 – 12 January 2021) was a Swedish actress. Her career began in 1957. Malm was born in Stockholm.

Malm was known for her roles in *Smiles of a Summer Night* (1955), *The Seventh Seal* (1957), *All These Women* (1964), *Heja Roland!* (1966), *Fanny and Alexander* (1982), *Nånting levande åt Lame-Kal* (1988), *The Best Intentions* (1992), *The Tattooed Widow* (1998) and *After the Wedding* (2006).

Malm died at a Stockholm hospital on 12 January 2021, at the age of 85.

## References
## Other websites
*
Saratoga, Texas

**Saratoga** is an unincorporated community in Hardin County, Texas, United States. It is located  northwest of Beaumont. The ZIP code is 77585.

## Other websites
*
Lansing (village), New York

**Lansing** is a village in Tompkins County, New York, United States. 3,648 people lived here in the 2020 census.

The **Village of Lansing** is in the Town of Lansing. It is north of the City of Ithaca.

## References
Antonello da Messina

**Antonello da Messina** (born 1429 or 1430 in Messina – died 1479) was an Italian painter from the 15th century. His real name was **Antonio di Giovanni de Antonio**, the *da Messina* simply refers to his origin. He was the first to use light in his paintings. With this, he was able to add some of what the Dutch painters of the time did already. Today, he is mostly known for his oil portraits.

## Related pages
* List of Italian painters