open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Tel al-Hawa neighbourhood

**Tel al-Hawa neighborhood ()** is a neighborhood located in South West Gaza City. During the Gaza War (2008–2009) the neighborhood was subjected to massive destruction after intense bombing by the Israeli army, and a large number of Palestinian citizens were arrested. As of 16 January 2009, 23 bodies were recovered from the rubble of bombed houses.

## References
Maria II of Portugal

**Maria&nbsp;II** (4 April 1819 – 15 November 1853) "**the Educator**" () or "**the Good Mother**" (), was Queen of Portugal from 1826 to 1828, and again from 1834 to 1853.
Pedro V of Portugal

**Peter V** ( ; 16 September 1837 – 11 November 1861), nicknamed "**the Hopeful**" (), was King of Portugal from 1853 to 1861.
It's the End of the World but It's a Beautiful Day

'''''It's the End of the World but It's a Beautiful Day''''' is the sixth studio album by American rock band Thirty Seconds to Mars. The album was released on September 15, 2023.

## Track listing
## References
No Thunder, No Fire, No Rain

"**No Thunder, No Fire, No Rain**" is a 1986 song by New Zealand singer Tim Finn and is the leading single from his second studio album *Big Canoe*. It went to number 46 in Australia and number 24 in New Zealand. The song lyrics refer to the 1984 Bhopal disaster.

## Track listing
;Australian/New Zealand  7" single (VS 849)
*A. "No Thunder, No Fire, No Rain" - 4:03
*B. "Searching the Streets" - 4:02

;Australian/New Zealand  12" single (VS 849)
*A1. "No Thunder, No Fire, No Rain" (Extended Mix)
*B1. "No Thunder, No Fire, No Rain" (7" Version)
*B2. "Searching the Streets"

## References
Queen dowager

A **queen dowager** or **dowager queen** is a former queen consort whose husband has died. Dowager queens may also take the title of queen mother, referring to their role as mother of the monarch.

## References
117 (number)

**117** is the natural number after 116 and before 118. It is divisible by 1, 3, 9, 13, 39, and 117. It is also the atomic number of tennessine.
118 (number)

**118** (**one hundred [and] eighteen**) is the natural number after 117 and before 119. It is divisible by 1, 2, 59, and 118.
Hans Sarpei

**Hans Adu Sarpei** (born 28 June 1976) is a Ghanaian former professional footballer who played as a full-back. Regarded as one of the best Ghanaian left-backs of all time. He was a skillful defender with his great tackling and his stamina. He was known for his pace and versatility. He also stood out for his leadership qualities on the pitch.  He also was a long time regular for the Ghana national team. Sarpei most recently played for his country at the 2010 FIFA World Cup in South Africa.

## Club career
In his youth, Sarpei played at SV Fühlingen Chorweiler, CfB Ford Niehl and SC Viktoria Köln , later at Winfriedia Mülheim, Siegburger SV 04 and VfL Rheinbach.

As an amateur at Fortuna Cologne, he made it into the professional squad (2nd Bundesliga) in 1998. In 2000 he moved to MSV Duisburg, and from 2001 he played for VfL Wolfsburg in the Bundesliga. In the summer of 2007, Sarpei moved to Bayer 04 Leverkusen on a free transfer and in the summer of 2010 to FC Schalke 04, where he signed a two-year contract. After Sarpei made regular appearances at the beginning of the season, he often had to be content with a place on the bench or in the stands. He was even suspended by coach Felix Magath due to insufficient training and had to train with the second team. After a change of coach, Ralf Rangnick brought him back to the professional team. Although he only played nine Bundesliga games for Schalke, he was always involved in the decisive games. In 2011 he was in the starting line-up in the semi-finals of the DFB Cup against FC Bayern Munich and in the final against MSV Duisburg. He also contributed to Schalke's good performance in the Champions League, during which he was used, among other things, in the round of 16 against FC Valencia and in the quarter-finals against defending champions Inter Milan. Sarpei was dismissed from Gelsenkirchen at the end of the 2011/12 season, and ended his playing career. 

## International career
Sarpei was a Ghana international. He made his first international appearance on October 8, 2000 in Ghana's 4-1 victory over Zimbabwe. He also took part in the 2010 World Cup in South Africa as a regular player.

As part of the national team, he participated in two world championships (2006 in Germany and 2010 in South Africa), as well as three African Nations Cups (2006 in Egypt, 2008 in Ghana, where the team won bronze awards, and 2010 in Angola, where together with the team won "silver").

During his career in the national team, he played 36 matches in the form of the main team of the country, scoring 1 goal.

## Honours
*German cup winner: Schalke 04: 2010-11
*Winner of the German Super Cup :"Schalke 04": 2011
*African Cup of Nations silver medalist: 2010
*Bronze medalist of the Cup of African Nations: 2008

## References
## Other websites
*  
*
QSO J0529-4351

**QSO J0529-4351** is a quasar.

It is the most luminous (or brightest) thing in space (as of 2024's first quarter). However, information published in 2022's second quarter, has been used in research, to try to find out if the star is in the Milky Way; According to [ computer software or] automated analysis, there is a [c. 99% or] 99.98% chance that the star is in the Milky Way. 

## References
List of Nepali-language writers

This is a list of Nepali-language novelists, poets and other writers.
__NOTOC__
## B 
* Bhanubhakta Acharya – (1814–1868) – poet and translator, first translation of Ramayana from Sanskrit, honored with the title of *Adikavi* (**The First Poet**)
* Bhim Nidhi Tiwari

## L 
* Laxmi Prasad Devkota – (1909–1959) – poet, playwright and essayist

## M 
* Madhav Prasad Ghimire – (1919–2020) – poet

## S 
* Sanu Sharma - novelist, short story writer, poet, lyricist  
* Suman Pokhrel – (born 1967) – poet, lyricist, translator and artist

## V 
* Vishnu Raj Atreya – (1944 - 2020) – poet and scholar

## References
Pressure waves

A pressure wave is a (usually longitudinal) wave that is caused by changes in pressure that moves particles around. Sound is a good example of a pressure wave because it makes pressure differences that move around that is clearly seen when glass vibrates and breaks in front of a very loud sound because of the pressure waves. A shockwave is also a mix of pressure waves bunching up on a supersonic object making a very loud sound called a sonic boom. A whip is a very easy tool to demonstrate a sonic boom. The velocity of a very fast object is measured in Mach number, a unit based on the speed of sound in air, about 343 meters per second. There is not a "universal" speed of sound because the speed of sound depends on the medium it travels through. In the picture, notice the red part that is an increase of pressure where there are a lot of molecules. changes in pressure can also cause wind so a pressure wave can also cause wind like sound blowing out a candle.

## References
Joe Johnson (snooker player)

**Joe Johnson** (born 29 July 1952) is an English former snooker player. He also did snooker commentary for Eurosport. He became the British under-19 champion in 1971. He was an amateur, defeating Tony Knowles in the final. He reached the final of both the English Amateur Championship and World Amateur Snooker Championship in 1978. He turned professional in 1979. He reached his first ranking final at the 1983 Professional Players Tournament (losing to Knowles), and reached the semi-finals of the 1985 Classic. 

Johnson began the 1986 World Snooker Championship as a 150–1 outsider. He was not likely to win the event. He had first-round losses in both of his previous attempts. He reached the final, and defeated Steve Davis in the final 1812. This was his only ranking win of his career. The following year, at the 1987 World Snooker Championship. In the final, he lost 14–18 to Davis.
 
He was professional until 2005, when he retired at age 53 after breaking his ankle. Johnson later competed on the World Seniors Tour, where he won the 2019 Seniors Masters.

## Life
Johnson was the subject of *This is Your Life*. He was a guest on the celebrity sports quiz *A Question of Sport* in 1986. In 1987, BBC1 broadcast a show called *An Ordinary Joe* it was about the year since his world-championship victory. He appeared on snooker show *Big Break* between 1991 and 2001. Johnson was interviewed for an episode of the Radio 5 show *Time of My Life* in 1998. He was a guest on the TV quiz show  *Celebrity Eggheads* in 2012.
He sang in the band Made in Japan, who released a cover of "Everlasting Love" in October 1986. Johnson coached Shaun Murphy and was an early influence on Paul Hunter. He is a regular commentator for Eurosport. Johnson owned Cue Gardens snooker club, and ran a coaching academy with Richard Harrison. He is married to Terryl, and has seven children. By 2017, he had survived seven heart attacks.

## References
801 (number)

**801** is a number between 800 and 802. It is the sum of a square and cube in more than one way. The factors of 801 are 1, 3, 9, 89, 267 and 801. It is factored as 32 &times; 89.

In Roman numerals, 801 is written as **DCCCI**.
127 (number)

**127** is the natural number following 126 and preceding 128. It is the 31st prime number. Because 31 is prime, 127 is the 11th super-prime.
122 (number)

**122** is the natural number after 121 and before 123 and is an even number. It is divisible by 1, 2, 61, and 122. It is also the atomic number of unbibium.
123 (number)

**123** is the natural number after 122 and before 124 and is a Lucas number. It is divisible by 1, 3, 41, and 123. It is the emergency telephone number in Colombia.
Donbas Arena

**Donbas Arena** was a football stadium in Donetsk in Ukraine. It was home to the club F.C. Shakhtar Donetsk. It could hold up to 51,504 people. It was the biggest club stadium in Ukraine. It was closed in 2014 due to war in Donbas.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Donbass Arena official website
* Rinat Akhmetov: The new stadium's name is Donbass Arena
Bernhard

**Bernhard** can be

## People 
### Surname
*Thomas Bernhard (d. 1989), Austrian playwright and novelist
*Sandra Bernhard (born 1955), comedian, singer, actress and author
*Timo Bernhard (born 1981), sports car racer

### Given name
*Prince Bernhard of Lippe-Biesterfeld (d. 2004), Prince Consort of Queen Juliana of the Netherlands
*Bernhard Riemann (d. 1866), German mathematician
*Bernhard Vogel (born 1932), German politician
Gracixalus quangi

The '''Quang's bush frog'* (*Gracixalus quangi'') is a frog.  It lives in Vietnam, Laos, Thailand, and China. People have seen it between 550 and 1300 meters above sea level.

## Appearance
This frog is small. The adult male frog is 21.4 - 24.5 mm long from nose to rear end and the adult female frog is 26.8 - 27.3 mm long. The frog's body is flat in shape. Its nose is triangular in shape.  The feet have disks on the toes for climbing.  There is no webbed skin on the front feet and some webbed skin on the back feet.  The skin of the frog's back is see-through dark green in color with some yellow on the legs. There is some see-through light green on the legs. There are brown spots on the sides of the body and bottoms of the back legs. There is a dark brown mark behind and between the eyes. There is light blue color on the skin over the eardrum. The webbed skin is black in color. The iris of the eye is bronze in color with black lines in it.

## Home and threats
This frog lives in rainforests on hills and in low places.  The female frog lays eggs on plants over muddy water.  The eggs are the almost-white color of cream. They have gel on them to protect them. When the eggs hatch, the tadpoles fall into the water.

Scientists believe this frog is not in danger of dying out because it lives in such a large place. Human beings change the places where the frog lives to build homes and farms and to get wood to build with. The frogs live in at least one protected park: Pu Hoat Proposed Nature Reserve in Veitnam. Scientists think it could also live in Xuan Lien Nature Reserve in Laos and Pu Huong Nature Reserve in Laos.

## First paper
*

## References
2019–20 Austrian Football Bundesliga

The **2019–20 Austrian Football Bundesliga** was the 109th season. It was played by 12 teams.They initially determine the participants in the master and qualification groups in two rounds. The Austrian football champion and the first three representatives of Austria in the international competitions of the 2020-21 season will then be determined in the championship group. 
## COVID-19
Due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Austria as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, the league was completely stopped on 10 March 2020.  Mid May it was decided to start the Bundesliga matches from 2 June on.

LASK was deducted six points by Senate 1 of the Austrian Bundesliga for violations of the basic idea of fair play. The team held four team training sessions with physical contact during the suspension of play due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

## Mode
Twelve clubs competed against each other in an initial 22 rounds. Each team plays once at home and away against every other team. After that, the best six teams go into the championship group and the remaining six go into the qualification group. The points from the basic round were halved. Half points were rounded down. If two clubs were tied on points at the end of the final round and one of these clubs has had half a point rounded off, that club was ranked first. If neither or both clubs have rounded off, the direct duel was used as the next decision criterion. If there is no decision, the goal difference is the next one.

## Table initial rounds
## Matches 
### Round 1
### Round 2
### Round 3
### Round 4
### Round 5
### Round 6
### Round 7
### Round 8
### Round 9
### Round 10
### Round 11
### Round 12
### Round 13
### Round 14
### Round 15
### Round 16
### Round 17
### Round 18
### Round 19
### Round 20
### Round 21
### Round 22
## Champions group table
## Champion squad 
## Promotion
SC Austria Lustenau

## References
DuMont Television Network

The **DuMont Television Network** was one of America's pioneer commercial television networks.  It was owned by Allen B. DuMont Laboratories, a television equipment and television set manufacturer. It began operations on April 13, 1940. It ceased operations on August 6, 1956, leaving only 3 main networks, rather than public broadcasting, until the founding of Fox in 1986.

## References
Spanish language in the Philippines

speaks Spanish in 1929]]

Spanish was the only official language of the Philippines for over 300 years when it was ruled by Spain, from the late 1500s to 1898. After that, it became a co-official language with English when the USA ruled the country. Even after the Philippines became independent in 1946, Spanish stayed as an official language, along with Filipino (Tagalog) and English. In 1973, it was taken out as an official language by a change in the constitution. But, after a short time, it became an official language again because of a decision by the president. In 1987, with the new Philippine constitution, Spanish was named an "optional and voluntary language".

During the time when the Philippines was ruled by Spain (1565–1898), Spanish was used in government, newspapers, business, schools, and the arts. In the middle of the 19th century, the Spanish government started a free school system. This led to a group of educated Filipinos who spoke Spanish, called the *Ilustrados*. Famous men in this group were José Rizal, Antonio Luna, and Marcelo del Pilar. When Spanish rule ended, many people in the cities and from rich families could speak Spanish. But, most of the country's people did not know the language.

The country's first official language was in the Malolos Constitution of the First Philippine Republic in 1899. It was used a lot during the first years of the U.S. rule from 1898 to 1946. But over time, the American government started to prefer English over Spanish. They saw Spanish as a bad part of the past. By the 1920s, English became the main language for the government and schools. Even after the Philippines became independent in 1946, Spanish became less important. In 1973, it was no longer an official language. Now, Spanish is not used much in daily life. Some Filipinos are interested in learning it again or bringing it back, but the number of people who speak it is getting smaller. In 2020, about 400,000 Filipinos (less than 0.5% of the people) could speak Spanish well.

The Academia Filipina de la Lengua Española controls the Spanish language in the Philippines. It is part of the Asociación de Academias de la Lengua Española, which controls the Spanish language around the Spanish-speaking world.

## List of Spanish words of Philippine origin 
Even though Spanish has influenced the languages of the Philippines the most with many loanwords, the Philippinic languages have also given some words to Spanish.

Here are some Philippine-origin words found in the *Diccionario de la lengua española de la Real Academia Española*, the dictionary made by the Real Academia Española:

## Related pages 
* Chavacano — a creole language based on Spanish spoken in Cavite City, Ternate, and Zamboanga City
* Philippine Spanish — an extinct Philippine variant of the Spanish language

## References 
## Other websites 
* The Teaching of Spanish in the Philippines, UNESCO, February 1968
* Asociacion Cultural Galeon de Manila, Spanish-Philippine cultural research group based in Madrid (in Spanish and English).
* Instituto Cervantes de Manila
* Spanish Chamber of Commerce in the Philippines
Red Sector A

"**Red Sector A**" is a 1984 song by Canadian progressive rock band Rush and is the leading single from their 10th studio album *Grace Under Pressure*. It is based on the experiences of Holocaust survivors, particularly those in concentration camps. Lyricist Neil Peart stated that the song was inspired by Geddy Lee's mother's accounts of her time in the camps. While the lyrics are ambiguous enough to be interpreted as a prison camp in any setting, the detailed imagery and themes evoke the horrors of the Holocaust.

## Track listing
## References
National symbols of San Marino

The **National symbols of the Serene Republic of San Marino** are the symbols that are used to represent both the divided Sammarinese people proper and abroad to represent the country and its people.

## Symbols
Jabalia refugee camp

**Jabalia Camp** () was established in 1948. It is located northeast of Gaza City, one kilometer away from the main road (Gaza-Jaffa). The camp is bordered to the west and south by the villages of  () and  (), to the north by the village of  (), and to the east by citrus orchards.

## History 
Most residents trace their ancestry to Semsom (), Ashdod (), Jaffa (), Lod (), Na'alia (), and Majdal (). 

## Education 
Jabalia camp is one of the most important educational area in the Gaza Strip, as it includes UNRWA schools affiliated with the United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestinian Refugees, spread throughout all the alleys of the camp. According to UNRWA's figures, the camp has 26 schools, two health centers, and a public library.

## Fire in 2022 
On 17 November 2022, a fire occurred in a residential building in the camp, where the Abu Raya ( أبو ريا ) family were celebrating the return of a family member from Al-Kharj ( الخرج ). The fire killed 21 family members, including 7 children (according to Israeli media) or 10 (according to the BBC).

## Attacks in 2024 
The Israeli army withdrew from the refugee camp on 6 February 2024. *Al Jazeera* journalist Anas al-Sharif reported that all that remained was total destruction, with one resident of the area stating there was "not a single habitable house" remaining in Jabalia.

## Notable residents 
* Mahmoud Al-Mabhouh
*  
*  
*  

## References
Brandon Yip

**Brandon Michael Harry Yip** (; born April 25, 1985) is a Canadian-Chinese professional ice hockey right winger. He currently plays for the Kunlun Red Star of the Kontinental Hockey League (KHL). He also played parts of six years in the National Hockey League (NHL) for the Colorado Avalanche, Nashville Predators, and Phoenix Coyotes.

## Career
Before playing in the NHL, Yip played parts of 2 seasons with the Coquitlam Express of the British Columbia Hockey League (BCHL) and four years at Boston University with the Terriers. While playing with the Terriers, Yip would be named the Hockey East Rookie of the Year and would win the NCAA Men's Ice Hockey Championship.

He was drafted 239th overall by the Colorado Avalanche in the 2004 NHL Entry Draft. On July 22, 2009, Yip signed a one-year; entry level contract with the Colorado Avalanche. On December 19, Yip made his NHL debut in a 5-2 win against the Columbus Blue Jackets. On December 22, he would score his first NHL goal on Jonas Hiller in a 4-2 loss against the Anaheim Ducks. On July 7, 2010, he would sign a two-year; $1.5 million contract extension with the Avalanche.

On January 19, 2012, Yip would be claimed off waivers by the Nashville Predators. He would sign with the Predators on June 21, 2012.

On July 19, 2013, Yip decided to sign a one-year; two way contract with the Phoenix Coyotes. He would spend time between the Coyotes and their AHL-affiliate team, the Portland Pirates.

In 2015 and 2016, Yip move to Germany and would play for Adler Mannheim and Düsseldorfer EG of the Deutsche Eishockey Liga (DEL).

On July 26, 2021, Yip signed with Kunlun Red Star of the Kontinental Hockey League (KHL). He made the move because he wanted to reconnect with his Chinese heritage and wanted to play for the China men's national ice hockey team at the 2022 Winter Olympics.

## References
## Other websites 
*
Neoscopelus

(*Neoscopelus macrolepidotus*)]]
***Neoscopelus*** is a genus of ray-finned fish in the blackchin family Neoscopelidae.

## Species 
* *Neoscopelus macrolepidotus* J. Y. Johnson, 1863 (Large-scaled lanternfish)
* *Neoscopelus microchir* Matsubara, 1943 (Shortfin neoscopelid)
* *Neoscopelus porosus* Arai, 1969 (Spangleside neoscopelid)

## References 
# Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2012). Species of *Neoscopelus* in FishBase. April 2012 version.
Karim Ahmad Khan

**Karim Asad Ahmad Khan** (born 30 March 1970 in Edinburgh) is a British lawyer specializing in international criminal law and international human rights law. He holds the position of Assistant Secretary-General of the United Nations, Special Adviser and Head of the United Nations Investigative Team to Promote Accountability for the Crimes Committed by ISIS in Iraq.

He was elected in February 2021 as Chief Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court and will take up his position in June 2021 for a term of nine years.

## References
Emblem of Israel

The **Emblem of Israel** (; ) depicts a temple menorah surrounded by an olive branch on each side, with the word *Israel* written in Hebrew () below it. 

, as depicted on the Arch of Titus.]]

## Symbolism 
The emblem may be based on the vision of the biblical prophet Zechariah, chapter 4, where he describes seeing a menorah flanked by two olive trees, one on each side.

## Use 
The following gallery shows various contexts in which the emblem is used:
File:Flag_of_Israel_President.svg|Flag of the president of Israel
File:Mossad_seal.svg|Seal of Mossad includes the Menorah from Israel's emblem.
File:Israeli Passport.svg|Emblem as coat of arms on Israeli passport
File:Stamp_of_Israel_-_Seventh_Independence_Day.jpg|Independence Day stamp with emblem and inscription "Memorial Day for the Fighters for Independence" (1955)
File:Israel-Independence-Day-Flags-2007.jpg|Flag and emblem of Israel on Israel Independence Day (2007)

## Related pages 
* Menorah (Temple)

## Other websites 
* **State of Israel Emblem** page in **Shamir Brothers** works collection web-site – Designers of the emblem in 1949
*
121 (number)

**121** is the natural number after 120 and before 122 and is an odd number. It is divisible by 1, 11, and 121. It is also the 11th square number.
Myctophum

*]]
*]]
***Myctophum*** is a genus of lanternfishes which have the Stylophthalmine trait.

## Species 
* *Myctophum affine* (Lütken, 1892) (Metallic lantern fish)
* *Myctophum asperum* J. Richardson, 1845 (Prickly lanternfish)
* *Myctophum aurolaternatum* Garman, 1899 (Golden lanternfish)
* *Myctophum brachygnathum* (Bleeker, 1856) (Short-jawed lanternfish)
* *Myctophum fissunovi* Becker & Borodulina, 1971
* *Myctophum indicum* (F. Day, 1877)
* *Myctophum lunatum* Becker & Borodulina, 1978
* *Myctophum lychnobium* Bolin, 1946
* *Myctophum nitidulum* Garman, 1899 (Pearly lanternfish)
* *Myctophum obtusirostre* Tåning, 1928 (Bluntsnout lanternfish)
* *Myctophum orientale* (C. H. Gilbert, 1913) (Oriental lanternfish)
* *Myctophum ovcharovi* Tsarin, 1993
* *Myctophum phengodes* (Lütken, 1892) (Bright lanternfish)
* *Myctophum punctatum* Rafinesque, 1810 (Spotted lanternfish)
* *Myctophum selenops* Tåning, 1928 (Wisner's lantern fish)
* *Myctophum spinosum* (Steindachner, 1867) (Spiny lantern fish)

## References 
*Sepkoski, Jack (2002). "A compendium of fossil marine animal genera". *Bulletins of American Paleontology*. **364**: 560. Retrieved 2008-01-08.
*Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2012). Species of Myctophum in FishBase. April 2012 version.
Olive cultivation in Palestine

() ]]

**In the Palestinian territories, olive trees** are the main agricultural crop. They are mostly grown to produce olive oil. 

Olive trees are very important to the economy in the Palestinian territories. In 2014, around 108,000 tons of olives were pressed there.  This produced 24,700 tons of olive oil, which sold for a total of $10,900,000. Around  families depend on olives for their basic income.

Estimates say that olive trees cover 57% of the cultivated land in the Palestinian territories.  In 2011, the territories held 7.8 million fruit-bearing olive trees. 

## History 
People in the region began cultivating olive trees thousands of years ago. Archaeologists have found prehistoric evidence of olive groves and techniques used to press olives into oil.  These finds date back to the Copper Age, specifically between 3600 BC and 3300 BC. 

In 1982, the shipwreck of Uluburun () was found off the Turkish coast. Jars of olives were found among the wreckage.  Some scholars think the ship carried olives brought from Palestine. 

## Settler violence 
The destruction of Palestinian olive trees has become a feature of the Israel–Palestine conflict, with regular reports of damage by .

. ]] 
## Culture 
Olive trees are a major part of traditional Palestinian agricultural life. Starting in mid-September, several generations of families pick olives together for two months.

In recent years, the Ministry of Education and some universities have given students special vacations so they can participate in the olive-picking season with their families.  

 ]] 
 
## Production 
## Image Gallery 

File:حراثة_الأرض.jpg |  Plowing olive trees in the southern West Bank 
File:تطعيم_أشجار_الزيتون_بالقلم.jpg | Grafting olive trees with pen to obtain a good variety. 
File:تطعيم_أشجار_الزيتون_بالقلم_بأصناف_جيدة.jpg |  Grafting olive trees with good varieties to obtain better production. 
File:تقليم_أشجار_الزيتون_الكبيرة.jpg |  Pruning rejuvenation of large olive trees. 

## Related pages 
* 
* Agriculture in the State of Palestine
* 

## References
California roll

**California roll** is a type of sushi roll. It has fake crab, cucumber, and avocado. It is wrapped in nori (seaweed) and rice, with the outside usually covered in either roe (fish eggs) or sesame seeds. It is one of the most popular sushi rolls in North America.

The roll was created by Hidekazu Tojo at his sushi restaurant in Vancouver, British Columbia. He named it the California Roll since many visitors who visited his restaurant were from California.

## References
The Central Muslim Sahitya Sangsad

**The Central Muslim Literary Society** or **The Central  Muslim Sahitya Sangsad** (In Bengali: কেন্দ্রীয় মুসলিম সাহিত্য সংসদ) is a Bangladeshi old literary organization located at Sylhet in Bangladesh. It was founded on 16 September 1936 by Muhammad Nurul Haque. 

Syed Mujtaba Ali, Dewan Mohammad Azraf and Dilwar Khan are the former president of this organization.

## References
The Cut (2014 movie)

***The Cut*** is a 2014 German French Polish Turkish Canadian Russian Italian Jordanian drama movie directed by Fatih Akin and starring Tahar Rahim, Simon Abkarian, Makram Khoury, Hindi Zahra, Kevork Malikyan, Bartu Küçükçağlayan.

## Other websites 
*
Al-Ittihad (Emirati newspaper)

**Al Ittihad newspaper (****)** is a daily newspaper in United Arab Emirates. Issued by Abu Dhabi Media Company In Emirate of Abu Dhabi. It is considered one of the first and oldest newspapers published in the United Arab Emirates. The first issue of Al Ittihad was published on 20 October 1969.

## Correspondents and bureaus 
Today, nearly a hundred journalists work at the Union, distributed between Abu Dhabi and offices in Dubai, Fujairah, Ras Al Khaimah and the rest of the emirates of the country, in addition to offices distributed in Beirut and Cairo and correspondents around the world. 

## Internet site 
The newspaper entered the Internet world as of Friday 15 March 1996 to offer its readers a new service, making it the first local newspaper to offer this service.

## References
Griante

**Griante** is a *comune* in the Province of Como in the Lombardy region in Italy.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Official website
Belval-en-Argonne

**Belval-en-Argonne** is a commune. It is in Grand Est in the Marne department in northeast France.

## Related pages 
* Communes of the Marne department
Cold Shoulder (song)

"**Cold Shoulder**" is a 2008 song by English singer Adele and is the third single from her debut studio album *19*. It was the only single from the album that was produced by Mark Ronson. It went to number 18 in the United Kingdom, number 68 in the Netherlands and number 29 in Scotland.

## Track listings
**UK – CD and 7-inch vinyl**
# "Cold Shoulder" 3:15
# "Now and Then" 3:24

**iTunes EP** *Cold Shoulder – EP*
# "Cold Shoulder"
# "Cold Shoulder" 
# "Cold Shoulder" 
# "Cold Shoulder" 
# "Cold Shoulder" 
# "Cold Shoulder" 

## References
Gaétan Boucher

**Gaétan T. Boucher**  (born May 10, 1958) is a Canadian former speed skater. He competed in the 1500 m, 1000 m, 500 m, Sprint, and Overall events.

Boucher competed for Canada at both the 1980 Winter Olympics in Lake Placid, New York and at the 1984 Winter Olympics in Sarajevo, Yugoslavia. He would compete in the 1984 games after coming back from a broken ankle the year before. He won a silver medal at the 1980 games, as well as two gold's and a bronze at the 1984 games. He won the silver in the 1000 m, the two golds in 1500 m and 1000 m, and the bronze in 500 m. Boucher became the first Canadian man to win an individual gold medal at the Winter Olympics and was the record holder for winning the most medals for a Canadian athlete at one Olympics.

Boucher was chosen to compete for Canada at the 1976 Winter Olympics, but he finished in ninth place in the 1000 m event. He would also compete for Canada in short-track speed skating at the World Short Track Speed Skating Championships. He would participate in the 1976, 1977, 1980, 1981, and 1982. Over the course of these competitions, Boucher won two gold medals and five silver medals.

On April 11, 1984, Boucher was awarded the Officer of the Order of Canada. He would also win the Lou Marsh Award and be inducted into Canada's Sports Hall of Fame in 1984.

After retiring, Boucher started designing hockey skates for Bauer.

## References
## Other websites
*Canadian Olympic team profile
Stadion Narodowy

The **Stadion Narodowy** () is a football stadium in Warsaw, Poland. It is used mostly for concerts and football matches and is the home stadium of Poland national football team. It has a capacity of 58,580, which makes it the largest football stadium in Poland. It was built from 2008 to 2011.

The stadium was opened on 19 January 2012. The first match took place in Warsaw on 29 February 2012, when it was played between Poland and Portugal (0:0).

## Other websites 
* Stadion Narodowy official website
Wrocław Stadium

The **Wrocław Stadium** () is a football stadium in Wrocław, Poland. It is the home stadium of Śląsk Wrocław. It has a capacity of 42,771, which makes it the third largest stadium in Poland. The stadium was built from 2009 to 2011. It was opened on 10 September 2011.

## Other websites 
* Wrocław Stadium official website
Stadion Poznań

The **Stadion Poznań** (), also called the **Municipal Stadium** (), is a football stadium in Poznań, Poland. It is the home stadium of Lech Poznań. It has a capacity of 42,837, which makes it the fourth largest stadium in Poland. The stadium was built between 1968 and 1980. It was opened on 23 August 1980.

## Other websites 
* Official stadium website
126 (number)

**126** is the natural number after 125 and before 127 and is an even number. It is divisible by 1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 9, 14, 18, 21, 42, 63, and 126.
Myctophum punctatum

***Myctophum punctatum*** is a species of lanternfish in the genus *Myctophum*. It is found in the Northern Atlantic and the Mediterranean Sea. It can reach 11 cm (4.3 in) in length. It was discovered by Rafinesque in 1810.

## Description 
### Appearance 
Like all lanternfish, it has photophores to allow the emission of light. The color is bright silver with blue fins and silver iris. When it is picked up, it will become a gray color.

### What it eats 
It likes to munch on copepods and krill.

## Common names 
*Myctophum punctatum*'s common name is mostly **spotted lanternfish**. However, it is sometimes misspelled as **spotted lanterfish**.

## References
# Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.) (2014). "*Myctophum punctatum*" in FishBase. November 2014 version.
# Sutton, T. T.; Porteiro, F. M.; Heino, M.; Byrkjedal, I.; Langhelle, G.; Anderson, C. I. H.; Horne, J.; Søiland, H.; Falkenhaug, T.; Godø, O. R.; Bergstad, O. A. (2008). "Vertical structure, biomass and topographic association of deep-pelagic fishes in relation to a mid-ocean ridge system" (PDF). Deep-Sea Research Part II: *Topical Studies in Oceanography*.
Brutality

**Brutality**, also called **barbarism** or cruelty, is breaking away from lofty human customs and resembling the behavior of ferocious beasts. Brutality is indifference to the infliction of pain or pleasure in the infliction of pain. Bertrand Russell said, "The infliction of cruelty with a good conscience is a delight to moralists. That is why they invented hell".

## References
Tangut language

**Tangut** (Tangut: ; ) is a Sino-Tibetan language. It is an extinct language. It was spoken by the Tangut people. It was an official language of the Western Xia dynasty. The language is written with the Tangut script. 

In 1908, Pyotr Kozlov and his expedition team reached Khara-Khoto. They found Tangut texts in a pagoda. They took the manuscript back to Russia.

## References
Emergency psychiatry

**Emergency psychiatry** is the use of psychiatry in an emergency situation. Examples of such situations include people trying to kill themselves or thinking about it, substance abuse, depression, psychosis, panic attacks, suddenly becoming violent, or people showing other sudden unexplained changes in behaviour.  

Treatment is often complex. Many people who are sent to emergency psychiatry often have other mental health issues. They may have gone though a crisis, which triggered the behavior. Very  often, people are in a life-threatening condition, or there is a great risk that they gravely harm themselves. 

Usually, the idea is to stabilize the patient. Once the patient is stable, he or she can then be transferred to long-term treatment or rehabilitation. There are different drugs and therapies that can be used. Very often, these drugs can be injected. One of the things these drugs usually do is calm the patient down. That way physical restraints need to be used less often in emergency settings.
Bergères-sous-Montmirail

**Bergères-sous-Montmirail** is a commune. It is in Grand Est in the Marne department in northeast France.

## Related pages 
* Communes of the Marne department
Gracixalus seesom

The **orange bush frog** (*Gracixalus seesom*) is a frog.  It lives in  Thailand.  Scientists think it could be in Myanmar too. People have seen it between 942 and 1650 meters above sea level.

This frog is small. The adult male frog is 22 mm long from nose to rear end. The skin of the frog's back is light brown in color. There is some black color on the webbed skin on its feet.

This frog lives in rainforests and evergreen forests on hills.  People have seen it sitting on twigs. Scientists think the female frog lays eggs on leaves over water or in holes in trees, like other frogs in *Gracixalus* do.

Scientists believe this frog is not in danger of dying out, but people do change the places where the frog lives by cutting down forests. The frog does live in some protected parks, for example Thong Pha Phum National Park and Doi Inthanon National Park.

## References
Penelope Antena

**Penelope Antena**, (born **Penelope Moulin** 2 September 1987 Brussels) is a Franco-Belgian singer, songwriter-producer.

## Life 
She was born in Brussels, the daughter of a singer and a sound engineer.  She taught herself to play the guitar, piano and bass.

She adopted the stage name “Penelope Antena”,   In 2017, she released her first EP, *Down The Rabbit Hole*, then in 2019 her first album, *Antelope*, on Kowtow Records. This first album was recorded in the south of France, Cedars Studio. She writes her texts in English and composes her music, influenced by the work of Robert Wyatt, Thom Yorke, Tom Waits and Kate Bush.

In 2021, she released an EP on Inner Ocean Records entitled *Honey Drips*, in a duet with  Deheb, and sings on the single *One Point* by La Fine Équipe. She also released an album, *Beamorose*, on the American label Youngbloods.

In 2022, she moved to Brest. She composed an album on the piano, accompanied by effects. This was released in 2023, with the title *James & June*, by Parapente Records.

## Family 
Penelope Antena has four siblings; she is the daughter of the singer Isabelle Antena and the producer Denis Moulin, son of the musician Marc Moulin, who is the son of the writer Jeanine Moulin and the sociologist Léo Moulin.

## References
School violence

, in Germany. ]]
**School violence** is the name for violence that occurs in schools. It includes violence of pupils against other pupils, violence of pupils against school staff and teachers, and violence of teachers against pupils. Bullying (also called mobbing) is a big issue at schools. The most extreme cases of violence at schools are school shootings and people running amok (killing themselves and sometimes others), because they can no longer cope with the situation. Violence of teachers and school staff against pupils usually takes the form of corporal punishment. 

There are different risk factors:
*Different parenting styles: At home, the children may often be confronted with violence; or the parents may try to protect them too much.
*In school, there may be a high pressure on the pupils to adapt their behaviour. The cost of failing a test may be high. Also, social relationships may suffer from this pressure.
*The peer group and peer pressure may lead to criminal or violent behaviour. Also, pupils may be bullied.
*Socal status: some of the problems in the families may be poverty, not having a job or being dependent on help from the state
*The media often shows that viloence is a normal way to solve problems. 
*Sometimes, religious groups say that violence against others is alright.

Prevention usually takes the form of special trainings. These trainings will show pupils who are insecure how to act more confidently. It will also show the different participants how to indentify a dangerous situation, and how to try to de-escalate the situation. Often, schools also offer a way of students to report incidents (like being mobbed, or seeing how another child is being mobbed).
433 (number)

**433** is the natural number following 432 and preceding 434. It is the 84th prime number and a twin prime with 431.
Festival da Canção

**Festival da Canção** (meaning **"Song Festival"**) is a Portuguese song competition and television program. The prize for the winning song is gaining the right to represent Portugal at the Eurovision Song Contest.

## Winners
Kanyakubja Brahmin

**Kanyakubja Brahmins** are an endogamous Brahmin community mainly found in northern India. They are classified as one of the Pancha Gauda Brahmin communities native to the north of the Vindhyas.

## Origins
The majority of the interviewees assert that the designation of the caste originates from the city of Kannauj, emphasizing that this name signifies a geographical association. The etymology of this caste is solely preserved through genealogies, oral traditions, mythical narratives, and proverbial accounts.

## Social status
In Uttar Pradesh, they are considered the highest class of Brahmins.

## Occupation
Some of the Kanyakubja Brahmins were Priests, Astronomers, Astrologers, teachers while others chose the career of soldier. They formed the best fighting element in Awadh next only to Rajputs.

## Military 
Kanyakubja Brahmins supplied excellent recruits in the old Bengal Army. There were only two regiments of Brahmins in Bengal Army which recruited exclusively from Kanyakubja Brahmins. It is from this tribe that most of the soldiers in two Brahmin regiments 1st Brahmans & 3rd Brahmans were drawn.

Mr. George Campbell gives the following information:--

"*Whether from the example of the Rajputs, or for other reasons, Kanyakubja Brahmins of the Antarvéda and Awadh have taken largely to the profession of arms, not usually much followed by Brahmins in other parts of the country; and beyond their own boundaries in their military character they are reputed the most overbearing and disagreeable of their race. Yet I fancy that it is rather their profession than their natural character, which has attached to them this bad name*".

It is still generally believed that the Kanyakubja Brahmins formed the first power in the Bengal Army which mutinied. Considering their numbers and influence, they are to be held chiefly responsible for the atrocities which were committed in Eastern India on East India Company.

## Notable people
### Religious figures 
* Bhava Brihaspati, a Shaiva Pashupata ascetic. 
* Abhinavagupta, Kashmir Shaivism Philosopher 
* Ramananda, 14th century Vaishnav poet and founder of Ramanandi sect.
* Bhagat Parmanand, Vaishnav mystic and saint-poet.
* Swaroopanand Saraswati, Indian Religious leader and Former Shankaracharya of Dwarka.

### Politicians 
* Ravishankar Shukla, first chief minister of Madhya Pradesh
* Shyama Charan Shukla, former chief minister of Madhya Pradesh
* Bindeshwari Dubey, Former Chief Minister of Bihar.
* Dwarka Prasad Mishra, Writer, Journalist and Former Chief Minister of Madhya Pradesh.

### Poets/Writers 
* Bāṇabhaṭṭa, 7th century Sanskrit writer and poet from Kannauj.
* Jayadeva, Sanskrit Poet 
* Suryakant Tripathi, Indian poet and novelist.
* Mahavir Prasad Dwivedi, Indian Hindi writer and editor.
* Kavi Bhushan, Court poet of Bundeli king Chhatrasal & Marathi king Shivaji.
* Kalash Deva, Poet and personal advisor of Sambhaji
### Freedom Fighters 
* Chandra Shekhar Azad, An Indian Revolutionary.
## References
Archaeological sites destroyed during the Israel–Hamas war

The intense and continuous Israeli bombing of the Gaza Strip destroyed approximately 100 archaeological monuments in the Strip, some of which are more than 2,000 years old, out of 325 archaeological sites in Gaza. Among the most prominent archaeological sites that were destroyed were the Byzantine Church; the  (), the third oldest church in the world; the  (); and a Roman cemetery, which is more than 2,000 years old.

## Sites destroyed or damaged 
# 
# 
# 
# 
# 
# 
# 
#  the 13th-century palace Qasr Al-Basha.
# 
# 
# 
# 
# Tell Rafah
# 

## Related pages 
* Gaza humanitarian crisis (2023–present)
* 
* Flour massacre
* Al-Falah School massacre

## References 
## Other websites 
* 

## Further reading 
* 
* 
*
Alissa in Concert

***Alissa in Concert*** is a 1990 Dutch musical movie directed by Erik van Zuylen and starring Frances-Marie Uitti, Michael Matthews, Pim Lambeau, Johan Leysen, Hans Veerman.

## Other websites 
*
Celeste (video game)

***Celeste*** is a 2018 platformer developed and published by Maddy Makes Games.

## Gameplay
In Celeste, the main character and player, 'Madeline' has three simple moves, jumping, climbing, and dashes. Advanced moves involve combinations of the three.

## Story 
Celeste's story revolves around Madeline (the main character), Granny (an elderly woman who guides Madeline), Badeline (the personification of Madeline's anxiety and depression, called 'Part of You' in game, but commonly referred to as Badeline in the community and in the game files), Theo (a fellow climber who joins her occasionally), and Mr. Oshiro (the owner of the hotel called 'celestial resort' in chapter 3) the first 7 chapters of the game involve Madeline trying to climb Celeste mountain, which serves as a metaphor for dealing with mental health.

## References
Palestine Summer Time

**Palestine summer time** Is the time used in Palestine during several months of each year. It aims to early working hours and other public events; in order to get more time during the daytime hours, which gradually increase from the beginning of spring Until the climax summer, and shrink from this date until the peak of winter.

**The start and end times of Palestinian summer time:**

## References
Berméricourt

**Berméricourt** is a commune. It is in Grand Est in the Marne department in northeast France.

## Related pages 
* Communes of the Marne department

## References
Stylophthalmine trait

. It is demonstrating the stylophthalmine trait.]]
The **stylophthalmine trait** is a trait used by the larvae of a few ray-finned fishes. The fish will develop elliptically shaped eyes found in long peduncles. This trait has been developed twice in the families Myctophidae (in species of *Myctophum* and *Symbolophorus*), Stomiidae (genus *Idiacanthus*), and Bathylagidae (*Bathylagus*).

Three species with this trait were placed in the genus *Stylophthalmus*. Now, that genus is disputed.

## References 
# King, D. (2014). "Looking through the deep - The Stylophthalmines and their amazing eyestalks". *Life Nature Magazine*. pp. 18-19.
Reisai

A **Reisai** (例祭) is a Shinto festival (Matsuri) held at a Shinto shrine every year. The Reisai is the most important festival of the shrine.

It is held on a special day for the  or the shrine itself. 

If a shrine is for a historical figure, this festival is usually on their birthday or day of death. 

In cases where there is no specific historical date, the festival is usually held during the  or  as a general celebration. 

The date of the Reisai is fixed and cannot be arbitrarily changed. If a shrine needs to change its reisai date, it must get permission from the Association of Shinto Shrines.

## History 
People started calling important festivals reisai in the early modern period. 

In the early modern period, illustrated  around the country would often include entries such as "XX Shrine Annual Festival on XX Month XX Day," which shows that it had become common to refer to important festivals that represent a shrine as annual festivals.

In the Meiji period the Reisai and Niiname-sai and Kinen-sai festivals, were called 'great festivals', Important shrines had imperial envoys give  to the shrines, representing the Imperial House of Japan.

After World War II, the government stopped giving , but imperial envoys still visit imperial shrines during annual festivals. 

## Reisai at various Shrines 
## References
Igbo alphabet

The  **Igbo alphabet** () is the writing of the Igbo language, one of the three national languages of Nigeria.

## Letters
Soul Kitchen (film)

***Soul Kitchen*** is a 2009 German Italian American French comedy movie directed by Fatih Akin and starring Adam Bousdoukos, Birol Ünel, Mortiz Bleibtreu, Anna Bederke, Dorka Gryllus, Wotan Wilke Möhring, Demir Gökgöl, Uğur Yücel, Lucas Gregorowicz, Hendrik von Bültzingslöwen, Cem Akın.

## Other websites
* 
* 
*