open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Ascending node

The **ascending node** (☊) is one element of the orbital that must be specified to define the orientation of an elliptical orbit. The other orbital elements are inclination, and the argument of periapsis (ω).

The ascending node is usually quoted as the angular position at which a celestial body passes from the southern side of a reference plane to the northern side, hence ‘ascending’. For objects orbiting the Sun, the most convenient reference plane is the orbital plane of the Earth. In other systems, such as orbits of satellites around a planet, a more appropriate reference plane must be used.

## References
Judy Parfitt

**Judy Catherine Claire Parfitt** (born 7 November 1935) is an English television, theatre and movie actress. Her first movie appearance was a small part in *Information Received* (1961). That was followed by a supporting role in the BBC series *David Copperfield* (1966).

Parfitt later played Queen Gertrude in the 1969 version of *Hamlet*. In 1995 she played Vera Donovan in the horror thriller movie *Dolores Claiborne*. In 2003 she played Maria Thins in the historical romance movie *Girl with a Pearl Earring*. She was nominated for a BAFTA Award for her part.

Parfitt was born in Sheffield, England.

## Awards and nominations
;BAFTA Film Awards
* 2003 - Best Actress in a Supporting Role - as Maria Thins in *Girl with a Pearl Earring* - **nominated **
;BAFTA TV Awards
* 1984 - Best TV Actress - as Mildred Layton in *The Jewel in the Crown* - **nominated**

;Other awards
* 2009 - Satellite Award for Best Actress in a Supporting Role in a Series, Mini-Series or Motion Picture Made for Television - as Mrs Clennam in *Little Dorrit* - **nominated**
* 2014 - Satellite Award for Best Actress in a Supporting Role in a Series, Mini-Series or Motion Picture Made for Television - as Sister Monica Joan in *Call the Midwife* - **nominated**

## References
O'Shea Jackson Jr.

]]
'''O'Shea Jackson Jr.** (born February 24, 1991), also known as **OMG'*, is an American actor and rapper. He is the oldest son of gangsta rapper Ice Cube. He played his father in the 2015 movie *Straight Outta Compton*.

In the movie *Ingrid Goes West'', Jackson Jr. played Dan Pinto, a Batman-obsessed inspiring screenwriter.

## References
Lasse Hallström

**Lasse Hallström** (born 2 June 1946) is a Swedish movie director. He directed almost all music videos from the group ABBA.

Hallström was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Director for the 1985 movie *My Life as a Dog*. He was later nominated again for *The Cider House Rules*. His other famous works include ''What's Eating Gilbert Grape* and *Chocolat''.

Hallström was born in Stockholm, Sweden. He later moved to Bedford, New York.

## References
Redoute's Choice

'''Redoute's Choice''' (15 August 1996 – 26 March 2019) was a multiple Group One-winning Australian Thoroughbred racehorse. He was a champion sire. 

His dam is a half-sister to the Group One winners Hurricane Sky (by Star Watch) and Umatilla (by Miswaki (USA)), and later produced the Group One winners Platinum Scissors (also by Danehill) and Manhattan Rain (by Encosta De Lago). Redoute's Choice was crowned champion first season sire in Australia in 2004 and champion sire in 2006.

Arrowfield Stud announced the death of Redoute’s Choice on 26 March 2019 at the age of 22. The horse was humanely euthanised.

## References
Laminitis

**Laminitis** is a disease that affects the feet of ungulates and is found mostly in horses and cattle. Clinical signs include foot tenderness which makes it harder for them to walk. It also increased digital pulses, and increased temperature in the hooves. The progression of the disease will lead to perforation of the coffin bone through the sole of the hoof or being unable to stand up requiring euthanasia.

## Notes
Fayez al-Sarraj

**Fayez Mustafa al-Sarraj** ( or ; born 1960) is a Libyan politician who was the Chairman of the Presidential Council of Libya and Prime Minister of Libya|prime minister of the Government of National Accord (GNA) of Libya that was formed as a result of the Libyan Political Agreement signed on 17 December 2015. He has been a member of the Parliament of Tripoli. He retired on 15 March 2021.

## Political career
His father, Mostafa al-Sarraj was a minister during the Libyan Monarchy. Trained as an architect, during the Gaddafi era he worked in the Housing Ministry. In 2014, he served as the Minister of Housing and Utilities in the Maiteeq Cabinet of the GNC. Some critics "regard Sarraj as a politician imposed by foreign powers." At the time of his appointment "Guma el-Gamaty, a member of Libya Dialogue, the UN-chaired body that created the new government, said Sarraj was expected to ask for help to combat Isis and train Libyan units."

### Presidency
In early October 2015, the United Nations envoy to Libya, Bernardino León, proposed a national unity government for Libya, led by a prime minister (Fayez al-Sarraj), three deputies from the country's east, west, and south regions, and two ministers to complete a presidential council. However, this national unity government was rejected by the internationally recognized legislature in Tobruk and the rival government in Tripoli.

Fayez al-Sarraj, and six other members of the Presidential Council and proposed cabinet arrived in Tripoli on 30 March 2016. The following day, it was reported that the GNA has taken control of the prime ministerial offices and that the GNC appointed prime minister Khalifa al-Ghawil had fled to Misrata.

Prior to his initial arrival in Tripoli in March 2016, Sarraj survived two separate assassination attempts.

The government's initial proposed group of ministers was rejected by the House of Representatives (HoR), leading Sarraj to form a government that received a no confidence vote from the HoR. Infighting among rival militias has only intensified, and Libyan citizens have faced economic hardships, including inflation, corruption, and smuggling, that are "melting away the country's cash reserves".

## References 
## Other websites
* Government of National Accord – Office of the Prime Minister
* Official Twitter feed

|-
Thelma Houston

**Thelma Houston** (born **Thelma Jackson** on May 7, 1946) is an American singer and actress. She had a #1 hit with her version of "Don't Leave Me This Way". The song won the Grammy Award for Best Female R&B Vocal Performance.

Houston made guest-star appearances, including *Cagney & Lacey* and *Simon & Simon*. She later acted in the movies *Beloved* and *54*.

Houston was born in Leland, Mississippi.

## References
Hugo Ballesteros Reyes

**Hugo Eugenio Ballesteros Reyes** (3 January 1931 – 7 April 2019) was a Chilean politician and diplomat. He served as a member of the Senate from 1957 to 1965. He was also a member of the Chamber of Deputies from 1969 to 1977. He served as his country's ambassador to the United Nations. He was born in Santiago, Chile.

Ballesteros Reyes died of brain cancer on 7 April 2019 in Valparaíso. He was 88.

## References
Courgevaux

**Courgevaux** () is a municipality of the district See in the canton of Fribourg in Switzerland.

## References 
## Other websites
Nina Lagergren

**Nina Viveka Maria Lagergren** (*née* **von Dardel**; 3 March 1921 – 5 April 2019) was a Swedish businesswoman. She was the half-sister of Raoul Wallenberg. She was known for her trying to find out what happened to him after his . She was the founder of the Raoul Wallenberg Academy. She also presented the radio program *Sommar i P1* in 2014.

Lagergren was born in Stockholm. She was married to Gunnar Lagergren from 1943 until his death in 2008. The couple had four children. Their oldest daughter, Nane, was the married to Kofi Annan, the 7th Secretary-General of the United Nations.

Lagergren died on 5 April 2019 in Djursholm, Danderyd Municipality. She was 98.

## References
Xerocole

A **xerocole** (from Modern Greek xēros /ˈzɪroʊs/, meaning 'dry', and Latin col(ere), meaning 'to inhabit'), is an animal adapted to live in the desert. The main problems these animals face is very little water to drink, and a very hot environment. Xerocoles tend to be nocturnal or crepuscular to escape the heat.

## Saving up water
Xerocoles have many ways to conserve (save up) the water in their body. Most xerocoles do not sweat or sweat very little. Many desert birds and mammals have oils on their skin to prevent water from escaping. There is also very little water in their urine and feces.

## Different types of xerocoles
*Aardvark
*American black bear
*Chipmunk
*Coyote
*Gila monster
*Gemsbok
*Hyena
*Lion
*Meerkat
*Ostrich
And so on.
Avenches

**Avenches** is a Swiss municipality in the canton of Vaud, in  Broye-Vully. It was created on 1 September 2006, the village of Donatyre merged into Avenches and on 1 July 2011, the former municipality of Oleyres merged into Avenches.

## References 
## Other websites 
*Municipality of Avenches, official website
*Photo gallery from the Roman theatre
*
Lurtigen

**Lurtigen** () was a municipality of the district of See in the canton of Fribourg in Switzerland. On 1 January 2016, the former municipalities of Courlevon, Jeuss, Lurtigen and Salvenach merged into Murten.

## References
Vasily Likhachyov

**Vasily Nikolayevich Likhachyov** (; 5 January 1952 – 8 April 2019) was a Russian politician. He served as the Permanent Representative for Russia to the European Council, and as Deputy Minister of Justice. He was also vice-president of the federal subject of Tatarstan. From 2011 until his death, he was a State Duma deputy for the Communist Party of the Russian Federation. Likhachyov was born in Gorky (now known as Nizhny Novgorod).

Likhachyov died on 8 April 2019, at the age of 67.

## References
Montresta

**Montresta** (*Montrèsta*) is a town and *comune* (municipality) in the Province of Oristano in Sardinia, Italy. As of 2016, 489 people lived there. Its area is 31.16&nbsp;km². It is 410 meters above sea level.

## References 
## Other websites
Shaddap You Face

"**Shaddap You Face**" is a song by singer-songwriter Joe Dolce ( as Joe Dolce Music Theatre). It came out in Australia in 1980. The comedy song is about a made up rebellious Italian boy. The song charted at No. 1 in many countries including Australia, Austria, Belgium, France, Germany, Ireland, New Zealand, South Africa, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.

"Shaddap You Face" sold millions of records around the world. As of 2013, it sold 450,000 units in Australia. This makes it the country's the most  single terms of sales.

## References
Eva Moser

, August 2013]]
**Eva Moser** (26 July 1982 – 31 March 2019) was an Austrian chess player. She was awarded the titles International Master (IM), in 2004, and Woman Grandmaster (WGM), in 2003, by FIDE. 

She was the first woman to win the Austrian Chess Championship in 2006. She also won the Austrian women's championship in 2010 and 2011. She competed in the Women's World Chess Championship (WWCC) in 2008. She was born in Tamsweg, Salzburg.

Moser died of leukaemia on 31 March 2019 in Graz. She was 36.

## References
## Other websites
* Eva Moser chess games at 365Chess.com
Büchslen

**Büchslen** () was a municipality of the district See in the canton of Fribourg in Switzerland. On 1 January 2013, it became a part of Murten.

## References 
## Other websites
Utøya

**Utøya** is an island in the Tyrifjorden lake in Hole municipality, in the county of Buskerud, Norway. On 22 July 2011, Utøya was the site of a mass shooting carried out by Anders Behring Breivik. The terrorist attack killed 69 on or near the island.

## References
## Other websites
*
Barberêche

**Barberêche** (;  ) was a municipality of the district of See in the canton of Fribourg in Switzerland. It lies on the "language boundary" between the French- and German-speaking parts of Switzerland. On 1 January 2017, the former municipalities of Barberêche, Villarepos and Wallenried merged into the municipality of Courtepin.

## References 
## Other websites
Sachin Bansal

**Sachin Bansal** (born August 5, 1981) is an Indian technology entrepreneur and an ardent, amateur gamer. He is best known as the co-founder of Flipkart that was acquired by Walmart (77 per cent stakes) at $16 billion in 2018. During his career at Flipkart that spanned 11 years, Bansal held the position of chief executive officer and Executive chairman. In 2018, Bansal exited Flipkart along with the Walmart deal.

In 2007, Sachin Bansal and Binny Bansal (not related) founded Flipkart whose valuation in 2018 was $20.8 billion.

## Early life
Bansal was born in Chandigarh, India, on August 5, 1981. Bansal attended Indian Institute of Technology Delhi and graduated as a Computer Science engineer in 2005. During the course of his education, Bansal had considered giving up his engineering seat to pursue a career in gaming. Age of Empires and Quake III Arena are the games that he was playing in his early life. For about 18 months they received ₹10,000 every month as allowance from their parents. In the first few months, according to Bansal's own claims, he oversaw all business details, from building the first version of their website to sourcing book to packing and delivering them. The non-compete clause restricted Bansal from starting any business that directly or indirectly competed with Flipkart for 18 months and in making any investments in businesses competing with Flipkart for 36 months from his departure. Since 2014, Bansal has made 18 investments in local, early-stage startups where the deal size was $1–2 million. In 2019, Bansal invested $100 million in Ola and received a stake holding of 0.37 per cent. In February 2019, he had investments in Ola, Grey Orange, Ather Energy, SigTuple, Inshorts, Unacademy and TeamIndus.
* In 2016, Time Magazine included Bansal and his co-founder in the 100 most influential people in the world list.
* In 2017, India Today included Bansal and his co-founder in India's 50 most powerful people list.

## Personal life 
Sachin Bansal is married to Priya Bansal, a dentist by training and profession. They have one son.

## References
Bas-Vully

**Bas-Vully** (German: *Niederwistenlach* and *Unterwistenlach*) was a municipality of the district See in the canton of Fribourg in Switzerland. Until 1977, it was officially known as *Vully-le-Bas*. On 1 January 2016, the former municipalities of Bas-Vully and Haut-Vully merged into the new municipality of Mont-Vully.

## References 
## Other websites
Dimmitt, Texas

**Dimmitt** ( ) is a city and county seat in Castro County, Texas, United States. The population was 4,171 at the 2020 census.

## References
Gruyères

**Gruyères** (; ) is a town in the district of Gruyère in the canton of Fribourg in Switzerland.

## References 
## Other websites 
* 
* http://www.castle-gruyeres.ch
* HR Giger Museum
Gruyère

**Gruyère cheese** is a hard yellow cheese made from cow's milk, named after the town of Gruyères

**Gruyère** or **Gruyere** may also refer to:
* Gruyère (district), a district of the canton of Fribourg in Switzerland,
* Gruyères, a Swiss town in the Gruyère district, known for the cheese named after it
* Lake of Gruyère, a lake in the canton of Fribourg in Switzerland
* Gruyères, Ardennes, a commune in France
* Gruyere, Victoria, a town in the Yarra Valley wine region east of Melbourne, Australia
Dalhart, Texas

, 2008]]
**Dalhart** is a city in Dallam and Hartley counties in the U.S. state of Texas. It is the county seat of Dallam County. The population was 8,447 at the 2020 census.

## Geography 
Dalhart has a total area of 4.79 square miles.

## People 
Dalhart has 8,447 people living there.

## Notes
Eric Swalwell 2020 presidential campaign

The **2020 presidential campaign of Eric Swalwell**, the U.S. Representative from California's 15th congressional district, began on April 8, 2019, when it was announced on *The Late Show with Stephen Colbert*.  Swalwell also posted a campaign ad on his social media accounts the same day he announced his candidacy.

He was the third Californian to run for president, behind Senator Kamala Harris and spiritual author Marianne Williamson.

If he was elected, Swalwell would be the youngest president in American history; the first millennial president; the first president with student debt; the first president from the San Francisco Bay Area; the first president from California since Ronald Reagan; and the first president who was in the House of Representatives before becoming president since James A. Garfield in 1881.  

Swalwell ended his campaign on July 8, 2019.

## References
Angels Camp, California

**Angels Camp** is a incorporated city in Calaveras County, California. At the 2020 census, 3,667 people lived there.

## References
Ruth-Margret Pütz

**Ruth-Margret Pütz** (born **Margret Doerkes**, 26 February 1930 – 1 April 2019) was a German operatic coloratura soprano and teacher. She was born in Krefeld-Uerdingen, Rhenish Prussia, Germany. She was a member of the Staatsoper Stuttgart for many years as a guest at the Vienna State Opera. Her best known roles was as Konstanze in Mozart's *Die Entführung aus dem Serail*. She was one of the leading sopranos of the 1960s.

Pütz died on 1 April 2019 in Stuttgart, Baden-Württemberg at the age of 89.

## References
## Other websites
*
Arie Irawan

2013]]
**Muhammad Arie Irawan Ahmad Fauzi** (21 August 1990 – 7 April 2019) was a Malaysian professional golfer. He was born in Selangor, Malaysia. Irawan played on the Asian Tour, the Asian Development Tour and the PGA Tour China. He won two events on the Asian Development Tour in early 2015.

On 7 April 2019, Irawan was found dead at his hotel in Sanya, China at the age of 28. The cause of death is unknown though many believe it to be natural.

## References
Davey Williams (musician)

**Davey J. Williams** (1952 – April 5, 2019) was an American free improvisation-avant-garde music guitarist and critic. He was born in York, Alabama. He was known for his works with Curlew and LaDonna Smith. Williams co-founded *The Improviser*, a journal of experimental music, in 1981. He also worked as a music critic for the *Birmingham News* and published freelance criticism.

Williams died of cancer on April 5, 2019 in Birmingham, Alabama at the age of 66.

## References
## Other websites
*[ Davey Williams] at Allmusic
Nadja Regin

**Nadja Regin** (, ; 2 December 1931 – 6 April 2019) was a Serbian actress. Starting in Yugoslav films in 1949, she developed an international career in the 1950s, appearing in the 1960s in such British TV series like *Danger Man*, *Maigret*, *The Benny Hill Show* and ''The Saint.

On 6 April 2019, Regin died at the age of 87.
## References
## Other websites
*
Governor of Tennessee

The **governor of Tennessee** is the head of government of the U.S. state of Tennessee. The governor is head of the executive branch of the state government. The governor is also the commander-in-chief of the state's military forces.

Bill Lee is the 50th and current governor of Tennessee, in office since January 2019.

## Eligibility & requirements 
The state's constitution states for a person to serve as governor must:

* be at least thirty years old.
* be a United States citizen.
* be a resident of Tennessee for at least seven years.

## Election process and terms 
The governor is elected to a four-year term on a separate ticket. The candidate must have the majority of the popular vote in order to win the election.

Under the state's constitution, the governor is can only be re-elected once.

## Power and duties 
The governor has a duty to enforce state laws and the power to either approve or veto bills passed by the state's legislature, to convene the legislature, and to grant pardons, except in cases of treason and impeachment.

## List of governors 
## References
Harry Kesten

, 1970]]
**Harry Kesten** (November 19, 1931 – March 29, 2019) was an American mathematician. He best known for his work in probability, most notably on random walks on groups and graphs, random matrices, branching processes and percolation theory. He wrote 191 papers and has been cited by more than 2,300 researchers. He has been called of the most inventive and important experts of probability theory. He worked at Princeton University, the Hebrew University of Jerusalem and Cornell University. He was born in Duisburg, Germany and grew up in the Netherlands.

Kersten died in Ithaca, New York on March 29, 2019. He was 87.

## References
## Other websites
*
Wolof people

**Wolof people** are an ethnic group in Senegal, The Gambia, and Mauritania. Of the people in Senegal, 39.7% are Wolof.

## References
Ruth Negga

**Ruth Negga** (born 7 January 1982) is an Irish actress. She is well known for her role as Mildred Loving in the movie *Loving* (2016). For this role, she was  for an Academy Award for Best Actress, Golden Globe Awards for Best Actress in a Motion Picture – Drama, Independent Spirit Award for Best Female Lead, Critics' Choice Movie Award for Best Actress and won an Irish Film and Television Award for Best Actress. 

Negga has  in the movies *Capital Letters* (2004), *Isolation* (2005), *Breakfast on Pluto* (2005) and *Warcraft* (2016). She has also played roles in television, such as in the BBC miniseries *Criminal Justice*, RTÉ's *Love/Hate*, E4's *Misfits*, ABC's *Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.* and AMC's *Preacher*.

Ruth Negga was born in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia's capital city. Her mother is Irish and her father is Ethiopian. She grew up in Limerick.

## References
## Other websites
*
Gabriel Piroird

**Gabriel Jules Joseph Piroird** (5 October 1932 – 3 April 2019) was a French Roman Catholic bishop. He became a priest in 1964. He began serving as the 14th Bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Constantine, Algeria on 25 March 1983. He retired on 21 November 2008. He was born in Lyon.

Piroird died on 3 April 2019 in Écully, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes. He was 86.

## References
## Other websites
* Gabriel Piroird at Catholic-Hierarchy.org
Sukharev Tower

The **Sukharev Tower** (Сухарева башня) was a building in the center of Moscow, Russia. It was built from 1692 to 1701  by the architect Mikhail Chugolokov Ivanovich. It was destroyed in 1934. 

The Soviet government of Stalin destroyed it to make Garden Avenue in Moscow. When the building was first opened, it was designed to be a kind of Triumphal Gate In honor of the Tsar, he renounced his war against his sister Sophia Alexeyevna Romanova on the throne. The tower was named in honor of Lorenti Pankerevich Soharb who was the commander of the army. The School of Mathematics and Navigation of Moscow used the tower until 1921. Then it became the Moscow City Hall where it also housed: "Moscow History Museum." Finally, it was destroyed in 1934 for the construction of The Garden Ring Although there were many objections to its destruction among the public and among many Russian architects. The tower was built in the Baroque Narishkin style.
Richard E. Cole

**Richard E. Cole** (September 7, 1915 – April 9, 2019) was an American Air Force officer. In April 1942, he was one of the airmen who took part in the Doolittle Raid. He was serving as the co-pilot to Jimmy Doolittle in the lead plane of the raid. He stayed in China after the raid until June 1943. He served again in the China Burma India Theater from October 1943 until June 1944. He later served as Operations Advisor to the Venezuelan Air Force from 1959 to 1962. He retired from the Air Force in 1966. In 2016, he became the last living Doolittle Raid airmen.

Cole was born in Dayton, Ohio. He turned 100 in September 2015. He died on April 9, 2019, at the age of 103.

## References
Auboranges

**Auboranges** is a municipality in Glâne in the canton of Fribourg in Switzerland. The name Auboranges is spoken () 

## References 
## Other websites
Billens-Hennens

**Billens-Hennens** is a municipality of the district Glâne in the canton of Fribourg in Switzerland. It was created on 1 January 1998 from the former municipalities of Billens () and Hennens ( or *Innin*) merged into the municipality of Billens-Hennens.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Official website 
* 
*
Chapelle, Glâne

**Chapelle (Glâne)** () is a municipality of the district of Glâne in the canton of Fribourg in Switzerland.

Since 2005, Chapelle (Broye) in the same canton is part of the municipality of Cheiry.

## References 
## Other websites
Ursy

**Ursy** is a municipality in the district of Glâne in the canton of Fribourg in Switzerland.

## History 
On 1 January 2001, the former municipalities of Vauderens, Bionnens and Mossel merged into the municipality of Ursy. The former municipality of Vuarmarens merged on 1 January 2012 into the municipality of Ursy.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Official website
Gummy candy

**Gummies**, **gummy candies**, or **jelly candies** are a broad category of gelatin-based or agar-based chewable sweets.

## Related pages 
*Jelly bean
*Gummy bear
*Gummy worm
*Haribo
*Trolli
*Welch's
Saint-Julien-Innocence-Eulalie

**Saint-Julien-Innocence-Eulalie** is a new commune in the Dordogne department in Nouvelle-Aquitaine in southwestern France. It was founded on 1 January 2019 by merger of the former communes of Sainte-Innocence (the seat), Sainte-Eulalie-d'Eymet and Saint-Julien-d'Eymet.

## References
Littlefield, Texas

**Littlefield** is a city in the U.S. state of Texas. It is the county seat of Lamb County. 5,943 people lived there at the 2020 census.

## References
Alà dei Sardi

**Alà dei Sardi** (*Alà*) is a town and *comune* (municipality) in the Province of Sassari in Sardinia, Italy. As of 2016, 1,879 people lived there. Its area is 197.99&nbsp;km². It is 663 meters above sea level.

## References 
## Other websites 
*
Marilynn Smith

**Marilynn Smith** (April 13, 1929 – April 9, 2019) was an American professional golfer. She was one of the 13 founders of the Ladies Professional Golf Association (LPGA) in 1950. She won two major championships and 21 LPGA Tour events in all. Her major wins were the Titleholders Championship in 1963 and 1964. She was a member of the World Golf Hall of Fame. She was born in Topeka, Kansas.

Smith died on April 9, 2019, at the age of 89 in Goodyear, Arizona. She was four days short of her 90th birthday.

## References
## Other websites
* Marilynn Smith at the LPGA Tour official site
K. M. Mani

**Karingozhakkal Mani Mani** (30 January 1933 – 9 April 2019) was an Indian politician. He was a member of Kerala Congress (M). He served as MLA of the Kerala Legislative Assembly from 1965 until his death. He was the longest serving MLA in Kerala's history. He was also of Minister of Revenue and Law, as well as Minister of Finance many times.

Mani had chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). He died on 9 April 2019 in Kochi. He was 86.

## References
Bolotana

**Bolotana** (*Olòthene, Bolòtzana*) is a town and *comune* (municipality) in the Province of Nuoro in Sardinia, Italy. As of 2016, 2,618 people lived there. Its area is 108.44&nbsp;km². It is 472 meters above sea level.

## References 
## Other websites
Cardedu

**Cardedu** (*Cardèdu*) is a town and *comune* (municipality) in the Province of Nuoro in Sardinia, Italy. As of 2016, 1,909 people lived there. It has an area of 33.39&nbsp;km². It is located at 19 meters above sea level.

## References 
## Other websites
Avi Gabbay

**Avraham "Avi" Gabbay** (, born 22 February 1967 in Jerusalem) is an Israeli politician.

He was leader of the Israeli Labor Party between 2017 and 2019  and former leader of The Zionist Union. He was CEO of the telecommunications company Bezeq from 2007 to 2013. He was Minister of Environmental Protection between 2015 and 2016.

## References
Marysville

**Marysville** can be one of these places in the U.S.:
*Marysville, California
*Marysville, Iowa
*Marysville, Kansas
*Marysville, Ohio
*Marysville, Washington
Yoke and arrows

**The Yoke and the Bundle of Arrows** or the **Yoke and Arrows** (***el Yugo y el haz de flechas*** or ***el yugo y las flechas***) is a badge from the times of the Spanish monarchy of Ferdinand II and Isabella. It represents the unity of the Spanish monarchy and state, and it also promotes the "heroic virtues of the [Spanish] race". The *Y* in *yugo* stands for *Ysabel*, as in another spelling of Queen Isabella; and the *F* in *flechas* stands for the first letter in King Fernando's name.

The yoke also takes inspiration from the legend of the Gordian knot, as well as the motto that comes with it, *Tanto monta*. The arrows being wrapped together refers to the moral story that claims that, like people, arrows can be easily broken one by one, but less so when they are together.

In the late 1800s, the yoke and arrows became the political symbol of the Spanish socialist party. After more socialist parties were created and decided to use different icons, the fascist Falangist party began to use the yoke and arrows.

File:Escudo de Isabel y Fernando.jpg|Badge of Ferdinand II and Isabella.
File:Yoke-and-arrows-symbol-001.JPG|The yoke and arrows on a building in Spain.
File:Bandera FE JONS.svg|Flag of the Spanish Falange.

## References
Housing starts

**Housing starts** is an economic indicator that reflects the number of privately owned new houses (technically housing units) on which construction has been started in a given period.

## References
Leif Haraldseth

**Leif Haraldseth** (30 November 1929 – 8 April 2019) was a Norwegian trade unionist and politician. He was a member of the Labour Party. He served as the Minister of Local Government from 1986 to 1987. He was also head of the Norwegian Confederation of Trade Unions from 1987 to 1989. He was born in Drammen.

Haraldseth died on 8 April 2019 in Drammen. He was 89.

## References
List of municipal districts in Alberta

This is an alphabetical **list of municipal districts in the Province of Alberta** in Canada.
* Acadia
* Athabasca
* Barrhead
* Beaver
* Big Lakes
* Bighorn
* Birch Hills
* Bonnyville
* Brazeau
* Camrose
* Cardston
* Clear Hills
* Clearwater
* Cypress
* Fairview
* Flagstaff
* Foothills
* Forty Mile
* Grande Prairie
* Greenview
* Kneehill
* Lac Ste. Anne
* Lacombe
* Lamont
* Leduc
* Lesser Slave River
* Lethbridge
* Minburn
* Mountain View
* Newell
* Northern Lights
* Northern Sunrise
* Opportunity
* Paintearth
* Parkland
* Peace
* Pincher Creek
* Ponoka
* Provost
* Ranchland
* Red Deer
* Rocky View
* Saddle Hills
* Smoky Lake
* Smoky River
* Spirit River
* St. Paul
* Starland
* Stettler
* Sturgeon
* Taber
* Thorhild
* Two Hills
* Vermilion River
* Vulcan
* Wainwright
* Warner
* Westlock
* Wetaskiwin
* Wheatland
* Willow Creek
* Woodlands
* Yellowhead
Julio-Claudian dynasty

The **Julio-Claudian dynasty** was the first five Roman emperors at the start of the Roman Empire. 
They were related to Julius Caesar (Dictator: murdered before becoming emperor).
#Augustus (adopted son of Caesar)
#Tiberius
#Caligula
#Claudius
#Nero

The Roman society was a class society, and almost all ruling figures were from the Patrician class. Therefore, for the next 100 years the dynasty had many other influential members who were descended from the female members of the dynasty such as Julia the Younger, eldest granddaughter of  Augustus. She was also related to Tiberius, Caligula, Claudius and Nero.
Cargeghe

**Cargeghe** (*Calzèghe, Cagliègga*) is a town and *comune* (municipality) in the Province of Sassari in Sardinia, Italy. As of 2016, 724 people lived there. Its area is 12.05&nbsp;km². It is 333 meters above sea level.

## References 
## Other websites
Laxmi Prasad Devkota

**Laxmi Prasad Devkota** was a Nepali poet. He is known as the poet with the golden heart. In Nepal, he is called *Mahakavi*, which means 'Great/Mega Poet', and is considered one of the founders of modern Nepali literature. 

Some of his famous works are *Muna Madan*, *Sulochana*, *Kunjini*, and *Sakuntala*.He was born on 1909 and died on 1959 in A.D.

It is said that he could learn a foreign language within a few hours, just from simple conversation. It is also said of him that he spent all his money treating other people to tea, cigarettes, and snacks.

He was apparently institutionalized in a foreign western nation, and the doctor there said of him - 'You are not mad my friend, you were simply born in the wrong time in the wrong place!'

## Related pages
* Bhanubhakta Acharya

## References 
## Other websites 
* Laxmi Prasad Devkota's works
* Devkota Study and Research Center 
* Laxmi Prasad Devkota's works in Nepali literature
* Poems by Devkota
* Laxmi Prasad Devkota: Nepal's Greatest Poet
John Motson

**John Walker Motson**  (10 July 1945 &ndash; 23 February 2023), sometimes nicknamed "**Motty**", was an English football commentator. He began as a television commentator with the BBC in 1971. He commentated on over 2000 games on television and radio. From the late 1970s to 2008, Motson was the main football commentator at the BBC. Although during the 1990s, Barry Davies was chosen for a few finals. In September 2017, he left the BBC. For the BBC, he commentated on 10 FIFA World Cups, 10 UEFA European Championships and 29 FA Cup finals. In 2018, he started working for Talksport.

Motson was born in Salford, Lancashire. He was married to Anne. The couple have a son, Frederick (born 1986). He lived in Little Gaddesden, Hertfordshire. He died on 23 February 2023.

## References
## Other websites
* John Motson biography at the BBC Sport official site
Chelidae

The **Chelidae** are a family of freshwater turtles. They are *side-necked turtles*. The family is distributed in Australia, New Guinea, parts of Indonesia, and throughout most of South America. It is a large family of turtles, and its fossil history goes back to the Cretaceous. 

The family Chelidae has about 60 living species in about twenty genera. The family is entirely Gondwanan in origin, with no members found outside Gondwana, either now or as a fossil.

They are called side-necked turtles because they withdraw their heads by moving the head sideways (see Pleurodira). Other turtles, if they withdraw their heads, pull them back in the vertical plane. 

The subfamilies within Chelidae show that most of the South American species and all the Australian species are a clade, that is, evolved from the same ancestor (monophyly.  The far more ancient turtle genus *Hydromedusa* is their sister taxon.

Nowadays, all these species live in fresh water, but we know from the fossil record that many of their forebears lived in seas around the world.

## References
Edgard, Louisiana

**Edgard** is a census-designated place (CDP) in, and the parish seat of, St. John the Baptist Parish, Louisiana, United States. The population was 1,948 at the 2020 census. It is part of the New Orleans metropolitan area.

## References
Flatback turtle

The **flatback turtle** or **sea turtle** (*Natator depressus*) is an Australian species of  turtle in the family Cheloniidae. The species is endemic to the sandy beaches and shallow coastal waters of the Australian continental shelf. It was previously called *Chelonia depressa*. 

The turtle gets its common name from  the fact that its shell has a flattened or lower dome than the other turtles. It may be olive green to grey with a cream underside. It averages from 76 to 96 cm (30 to 38 inches) in carapace length and can weigh from 70 to 90 kg (154 to 198 lb).  
The hatchlings, when emerging from nests, are larger than other turtle hatchlings. The flatback turtle is listed by the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species as Data Deficient, meaning there is insufficient scientific information to decide its conservation status at present. 

The flatback turtle is the least endangered of all of the sea-going turtles. Unlike other  turtles, there is not a big human demand for the meat of the flatback. It does not swim far from shore, so it does not get caught in nets as often as other sea turtles. These reasons may be why it is not in more danger of extinction.

## References
Ecublens, Fribourg

**Ecublens** () is a municipality of the district of Glâne in the canton of Fribourg in Switzerland.

## References 
## Other websites
La Folliaz

**La Folliaz** was a municipality in Glâne in the canton of Fribourg in Switzerland. It was created on 1 January 2005, when the municipalities Lussy and Villarimboud joined together to become the municipality La Folliaz. On 1 January 2020, La Folliaz and Villaz-Saint-Pierre joined together to become the new municipality Villaz.

## References 
## Other websites
The Lancet

***The Lancet*** is a weekly peer reviewed general medical journal.

The journal was founded in 1823 by Thomas Wakley, an English surgeon. The word "lancet" has two meanings: a surgical knife, and an architectural term "lancet arch", a window with a sharp pointed arch. This might suggest  the "light of wisdom" or "to let in light".

The journal publishes original research articles, review articles ("seminars" and "reviews"), editorials, book reviews, correspondence, as well as news features and case reports. *The Lancet* has been owned by Elsevier since 1991. The journal has editorial offices in London, New York, and Beijing.

## Related pages 
*British Medical Journal
*Nature (journal)
*Science (journal)

## References
Vuarmarens

**Vuarmarens** was a municipality in Glâne in the canton of Fribourg in Switzerland.

## History 
On 1 January 2006, Esmonts became part of Vuarmarens. On 1 January 2012, Vuarmarens became part of Ursy.

## References 
## Other websites
Paul Wolfowitz

**Paul Dundes Wolfowitz** (; born December 22, 1943) is an American political scientist and diplomat. He was the 10th President of the World Bank, United States Ambassador to Indonesia, U.S. Deputy Secretary of Defense, and former dean of the Paul H. Nitze School of Advanced International Studies at Johns Hopkins University.

He was said to be a leading neoconservative.

After serving two years, he resigned as president of the World Bank Group due to scandals.

## References
Sandy Ratcliff

**Alexandra "Sandy" Ratcliff** (2 October 1948 – 7 April 2019) was an English actress. She was best known for being one of the original cast members in the BBC soap opera *EastEnders* in the 1980s. She portrayed played Sue Osman but left the role in 1989, after it was revealed that she was addicted to heroin and alcohol. Ratcliff was born in London.

Ratcliff died in her sleep at her home in London on 7 April 2019, aged 70.

## References
Nikolai Gorbachev

**Nikolai Stepanovich  Gorbachev** (, ; May 15, 1948 – April 9, 2019) was a Soviet-born Belarusian sprint canoer. He competed in the early to mid-1970s. He won a gold medal in the K-2 1000 m event at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich.

Gorbachev also won three medals in the K-4 10000 m event at the ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships with a gold (1974) and two bronzes (1971, 1975).

Gorbachev died on April 9, 2019 at the age of 70.

## References
Canaan, Connecticut

**Canaan** is a town in Litchfield County, Connecticut, United States. The population was 1,080 at the 2020 census.

## References
Dave Bartholomew

**David Louis Bartholomew** (December 24, 1918 &ndash; June 23, 2019) was an American Hall of Fame rock and roll musician, bandleader, composer, arranger and record producer. His career was based in New Orleans. 

He was known for his partnership with Fats Domino. Their best known songs were "Goin' Home" and "Ain't That a Shame". 

Bartholomew's other hit songs as a composer include "I Hear You Knocking", "Blue Monday", "I'm Walkin'", "My Ding-A-Ling", and  "One Night". He is a member of the Songwriters Hall of Fame, the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and the Louisiana Music Hall of Fame.

Bartholomew died on June 23, 2019 in New Orleans of heart failure at the age of 100.

## References
## Other websites
*Dave Bartholomew Interview NAMM Oral History Library (2003)
Earl Thomas Conley

**Earl Thomas Conley** (October 17, 1941 – April 10, 2019) was an American country music singer-songwriter known for many hit records, including his 1981 top hit "Fire and Smoke" ("...what a rush I got..."). Between 1980 and 2003, he recorded ten studio albums, including seven for the RCA Records label. He had more than 30 hit records, along with his hit-single "Holding Her and Loving You". As a songwriter, he also wrote popular songs for other singers, with Mel Street's number 13 hit "Smokey Mountain Memories" or Conway Twitty's song "This Time I've Hurt Her More".

Throughout his career, Conley's music was called the "thinking man's" country. This is because the narrator looks into the heart and soul of his characters in each song.

Conley died on April 10, 2019 in Nashville, Tennessee from problems caused by dementia at the age of 77.

## References
Avry

**Avry** is a municipality of the district Saane in the canton of Fribourg in Switzerland. The municipality was created on 1 January 2001, when the municipalities of Avry-sur-Matran and Corjolens joined together to become Avry.

## Gallery 

AVRY.JPG|Avry
Corjolens vue du village.jpg|Corjolens
Chapelle-sainte-trinite-avry.jpg|The chapel of Sainte Trinité at Avry

## References 
## Other websites 
* Official website 
* 
*
Bresegard bei Eldena

**Bresegard bei Eldena** is a municipality in the Ludwigslust-Parchim district, in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany.

## References
Arundhati Ghose

**Arundhati Ghose** (25 November 1939 – 25 July 2016) was an Indian diplomat. She was Permanent Representative of India to the United Nations Office at Geneva and was head of the Indian delegation that participated in the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT) negotiations at the Conference on Disarmament in Geneva in 1996. She also served as  Ambassador to South Korea and Egypt.

## References
Whitewashing

**Whitewashing** can mean to really make something look white and clean, but it can also be a metaphor:

*Using whitewash paint to color something white.
*In history, trying to make something sound less bad than it really was.
*In movies and other stories, hiring a white actor to play a character who isn't white or changing a story so that more characters are white.
Aidomaggiore

**Aidomaggiore** (*Aidumajòre, Bidumajòre*) is a town and *comune* (municipality) in the Province of Oristano in Sardinia, Italy. As of 2016, 451 people lived there. Its area is 41.21&nbsp;km². It is 250 meters above sea level.

## References 
## Other websites
James D. Hudnall

**James David Hudnall** (April 10, 1957 – April 9, 2019) was an American writer. He was born in Santa Rosa, California. Hudnall began his career in the comic book field in 1986 with the series *Espers*, published by Eclipse Comics

He later worked for Marvel and DC on such titles as *Alpha Flight*, *Strikeforce: Morituri*, and his own creation *Interface*, which was a sequel to *Espers*. He also wrote graphic novels such as *Lex Luthor: The Unauthorized Biography*, *Sinking*, *Streets* and *The Psycho*.

Hudnall had diabetes, which in 2015 led to the amputation of his right leg. He died April 9, 2019, one day before his 62nd birthday.

## References
Armungia

**Armungia** (*Armùngia, Armùnja*) is a town and *comune* (municipality) in the Province of Sud Sardegna in Sardinia, Italy. As of 2016, 474 people lived there. Its area is 54.75&nbsp;km². It is 366 meters above sea level.

## References 
## Other websites
Charles Van Doren

**Charles Lincoln Van Doren** (February 12, 1926 – April 9, 2019) was an American  writer and editor. He was known for being involved in a television quiz show scandal in the 1950s. 

In 1959 he testified before the United States Congress that he had been given the correct answers by the producers of the show *Twenty-One*. He was fired by NBC, he joined the Encyclopedia Britannica in 1959, becoming a vice president and writing and editing many books before retiring in 1982.

Van Doren died in a retirement community in Canaan, Connecticut on April 9, 2019 at the age of 93.

## References
## Other websites
* "The Remarkable Van Dorens" , *Time* , Feb. 11, 1957
Whitewash

**Whitewash**, also called **calcimine**, **kalsomine**, **calsomine**, or **lime paint**, is a type of paint. 

Whitewash is made of slaked lime (calcium hydroxide) and chalk (calcium carbonate). It is used to make surfaces white. It protects and presents a clean surface. Whitewash may be used to paint the outsides and the insides of homes and other buildings.

Other things may be added to whitewash, such as water glass (sodium silicate), glue, egg white, Portland cement, salt, soap, milk, flour, and soil. To change the colour of whitewash, people used different materials. For example, pig's blood was used to make whitewash pink, and blue laundry dye was used to make whitewash blue.
Bosa

**Bosa** (''Bòsa, 'Osa*) is a town and *comune'' (municipality) in the Province of Oristano in Sardinia, Italy. As of 2016, 7,929 people lived there. Its area is 128.02&nbsp;km². It is 2 meters above sea level.

## References 
## Other websites
Arbus

**Arbus** (*Àrbus*) is a town and *comune* (municipality) in the Province of South Sardinia in Sardinia, Italy. As of 2016, 6,336 people lived there. Its area is 269.12&nbsp;km². It is 311 meters above sea level.

## References 
## Other websites
The Onion

***The Onion*** is an American satirical digital media company and newspaper organization. It publishes articles on international, national, and local news. The company is based in Chicago. It started as a weekly print publication on 29 August 1988 in Madison, Wisconsin.

## References 
## Related pages 
* "No Way to Prevent This", Says Only Nation Where This Regularly Happens

## Other websites 
*
Magnetostatics

**Magnetostatics** is the study of magnetic fields in systems where the electric currents are steady (not changing with time).

Magnetostatics is widely used in magnetic storage devices such as in computer memory. Magnetostatic focussing can be got by a permanent magnet or by passing a current through a coil of wire whose axis coincides with the beam axis.

## References
Bhanubhakta Acharya

**Bhanubhakta Acharya** was a poet, translator and writer in Nepali Literature. He is given the title of *Adikavi* in Nepali Literature, which means *The First-ever Poet*. The great epic Ramayana was translated by him for the first time from Sanskrit to Nepali language.

## Gallery

File:Statue of Bhanubhakta Acharya at Chundi Ramgha 01.jpg|Statue Acharya at Chundi Ramgha
File:Bhanu salik Nepal Academy5.JPG|Bhanu salik at Nepal Academy
File:Bhanubhakta letter.jpg|Letter of Bhanubhakta Acharya to his son (1858)
File:Bhanubhakta_statue.JPG|Statue of Bhanubhakta Acharya at darjeeling

## Related pages
* Laxmi Prasad Devkota

## References 
## Other websites
* About Bhanubhakta Acharya
* Books about Acharya, in Nepali
Jay Garner

**Jay Montgomery Garner** (born April 15, 1938) is a retired United States Army lieutenant general. He was appointed in 2003 as Director of the Office for Reconstruction and Humanitarian Assistance for Iraq following the 2003 invasion of Iraq. He was replaced by Paul Bremer.

## References
César Lévano

**Edmundo Dante Lévano La Rosa**, also known as **César Lévano** (December 11, 1926 – March 22, 2019) was a Peruvian educator, journalist, writer, teacher and poet. He was director of the Peruvian newspaper Perfil. He was also a professor at the National University of San Marcos.

In 2011, he received the Annual Human Rights Award from the National Coordinator of Human rights.

In 2014 he assumed the management of Diario UNO, previously called "La Primera", and resigned in September 2018 due to lack of payments.

## References
Roger Moore (computer scientist)

**Roger D. Moore** (November 16, 1939 &ndash; March 21, 2019) was an American computer scientist. He worked in the design and implementation of APL.

Moore was a cofounder of I. P. Sharp Associates and held a senior position in the company for many years. Before this, he worked at Stanford University and wrote the ALGOL 60 compiler for the Ferranti-Packard 6000 and the ICT 1900. Moore and his associates helped many people to see well/ better/ clearer with glasses. Many people are legally blind/ struggle to physically open their eyes without their glasses or a glass like structure nearby.

## References
Pauli Arbarei

**Pauli Arbarei** (*Paùli Arbarèi*) is a town and *comune* (municipality) in the Province of Sud Sardegna in Sardinia, Italy. As of 2016, 616 people lived there. Its area is 15.14&nbsp;km². It is 140 meters above sea level.

## References 
## Other websites