open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Navin Ramgoolam

**Navinchandra Ramgoolam**, GCSK, FRCP (born 14 July 1947) is a Mauritian politician and the Prime Minister of Mauritius since 13 November 2024. He is also the leader of the Labour Party. He was Leader of the Opposition from 1991 to 1995. He was Prime Minister for the first time from December 1995 until September 2000.

## References
Kailash Purryag

**Rajkeswur Purryag**, GCSK (12 December 1947 &ndash; 21 June 2025), also known as **Kailash Purryag**, GCSK, GOSK was a Mauritian politician. He was President of Mauritius from 2012 to May 2015.

Purryag died on 21 June 2025 at the age of 77.

## References
Cassam Uteem

**Cassam Uteem**, GCSK (born 22 March 1941) is a Mauritian politician. He was President of Mauritius from 30 June 1992 to 15 February 2002 and is the longest serving President of Mauritius, having served for nine years.

## References
Veerasamy Ringadoo

**Sir Veerasamy Ringadoo**, GCMG, GCSK, QC, (born வீரசாமி ரிங்காடு Vīracāmi Riṅkāṭu; 20 October 1920 &ndash; 9 September 2000) was a Mauritian politician. He was the Governor-General of Mauritius from 1986 until 1992. In 1992, he became the 1st President of Mauritius.

## References
Paradise Now

***Paradise Now*** () is a 2005 Palestinian Dutch French German Israeli drama movie directed by Hany Abu-Assad and starring Kais Nashef, Ali Suliman, Lubna Azabal, Hiam Abbass. It was nominated for an Academy Award in 2006.

## Other websites
* 
*
Dendropsophus counani

***Dendropsophus counani*** is a frog that lives in Brazil, French Guiana, Suriname, and Guyana.

The adult male frog is 19.6 to 21.7 mm long from nose to rear end and the adult female frog is 22.1 to 24.5 mm. The tops of the back legs are dark grey with some white.

## References
Strive Masiyiwa

**Strive Masiyiwa** (born 29 January 1961) is a London-based Zimbabwean billionaire businessman and philanthropist.

## Education 
Masiyiwa holds a bachelor's degree in electrical engineering from the University of Wales.

## References
Agnes Kalibata

**Agnes Matilda Kalibata** is a Rwandan agricultural scientist, policymaker, and president of the Alliance for a Green Revolution in Africa (AGRA). She was the Rwanda's minister of agriculture and animal resources. 

## Early life and education 
Kalibata was born in Rwanda to a refugee in Uganda to parents who were smallholders. She holds a bachelor's degree in entomology from Makerere University and biochemistry, master's degree in agriculture, also from Makerere University in Uganda. She obtained her Ph.D. in entomology from the University of Massachusetts Amherst. 

## Related pages
*List of scientists from Africa
*List of women scientists from Africa

## References
Eris

**Eris** might refer to:

* Eris (goddess)
* Eris (dwarf planet)
* Eris, a descendant of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant
Humf

***Humf*** is a British animated preschool education television series about a purple bear named Humf.

## References
International Fertilizer Development Center

The **International Fertilizer Development Center** (known as IFDC) is a science-based public international organization working to alleviate global hunger by popularizing agricultural practices and fertilizer technologies to farmers and by connecting farmers to markets. It has it headquartered in Muscle Shoals, Alabama, USA. The organization has projects in nearly 25 countries. 

## References
Urine-diverting dry toilet

**Urine-diverting dry toilet** (**UDDT**) is a toilet that does not use water.  It has a device that moves the urine away.  This toilet can give safe and cheap sanitation in many places on Earth. 

## References
Paul Bérenger

**Paul Raymond Bérenger** GCSK, MP (born 26 March 1945) is a Mauritian politician who was Prime Minister of Mauritius from 2003 to 2005. He was theLeader of the Opposition many times — from 1983 to 1987, 1997 to 2000, 2005 to 2006, 2007 to 2013, October 2013 to 15 September 2014, and again from December 2014 to December 2016. He was also Deputy Prime Minister from 1995 to 1997 and again from 2000 to 2003.

## References
Jeremy Paxman

**Jeremy Dickson Paxman** (born 11 May 1950) is an English broadcaster, journalist, author, and television presenter. He was born in Leeds, West Riding of Yorkshire. He joined the BBC in 1972. He worked on *Tonight* and *Panorama* before becoming a newsreader for the ''BBC Six O'Clock News* and later a presenter on *Breakfast Time*.

In 1989, he became a presenter for the BBC Two programme *Newsnight*. He was known for his tough and aggressive interviewing skills. In 2014, Paxman left *Newsnight* after 25 years as its presenter. He was the presenter of *University Challenge'' from 1994 to 2023.

In May 2021, Paxman revealed that he was diagnosed with Parkinson's disease.

## References
Abdulrasheed Bawa

**Abdulrasheed Bawa** (born 30 April 1980), is the Chairman of Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC) in Nigeria. He was the Deputy Chief Superintendent of the anti-graft agency. 

## References
Aliyu Mohammed Gusau

**Aliyu Mohammed Gusau** (born May 18 1943) is a Nigerian general, statesman and the current minister of defense of federal republic of Nigeria.

## References
Mansur Dan Ali

**Mansur Muhammad Dan Ali** (born August 25, 1959) is a retired Nigerian Army and former Minister of Defence of federal republic of Nigeria.

## Early life and education 
Dan-Ali was born on August 25, 1959 in Zamfara State. He received his Higher National Diploma (HND) in Photogrammetric and Surveying from Kaduna Polytechnic and possesses a master's degrees in Public Policy and Administration (MPPA) from Bayero University Kano, and a master's degree in Security Studies from the Bangladesh University of Professionals.

## Career 
Dan Ali was commissioned as a 2nd Lieutenant in the Nigerian Army through the Short Service Commission at the Nigerian Defence Academy. Dan-Ali has served in numerous command, sections and staff capacities, such as commanding the Nigerian contingent supporting the United Nations Africa Hybrid Mission in Sudan, Directing Staff of the Armed Forces Command and Staff College, Jaji, Chief Instructor (CI) at the Nigerian Defence Academy, and the Director Military Training before getting posted to the Ministry of Defence's Logistics Department as deputy director.

## References
Salihu Ibrahim

**Salihu Ibrahim** FSS, FHWC (June 25, 1935 – December 10, 2018) was a Nigerian army general who was Chief of Army Staff during the military regime of Ibrahim Babangida.

## References
The Tattooist

***The Tattooist*** is a 2007 New Zealand Dutch Singaporean horror movie directed by Peter Burger and starring Jason Behr, Michael Hurst, Timothy Balme, David Fane, Nathaniel Lees, Caroline Cheong, Matthew Ridge, Robbie Magasiva.

## Other websites
*
*
Garba Duba

**Garba Duba** (1942 – 17 May 2024) is was a Nigerian Army Lieutenant General. He was the Governor of Bauchi State, Nigeria during the military regime of General Olusegun Obasanjo. 
Duba died on 17 May 2024 at the age of 82.

## References
Theeb

***Theeb*** ( *dhīb* , "wolf") is a 2014 Jordanian British United Arab Emirates Qatari adventure drama thriller movie directed by Naji Abu Nowar and starring Jack Fox, Hussein Salameh Al-Sweihiyeen, Hassan Mutlag Al-Maraiyeh, Jacir Eid Al-Hwietat. It was nominated for an Academy Award in 2016.

## Other websites
*
Captain Abu Raed

***Captain Abu Raed*** () is a 2007 Jordanian drama movie directed by Amin Matalqa and starring Nadim Sawalha, Rana Sultan, Hussein Al-Sous, Udey Al-Qiddissi.

## Other websites
* 
*
The Seventh Continent (1966 movie)

***The Seventh Continent*** () is a 1966 Croatian Czech fantasy movie directed by Dušan Vukotić and starring Demeter Bitenc, Vanja Drach, Oudy Rachmat Endang, Mikloš Huba, Karla Chadimová, Viktor Starčić, Iris Vrus.

## Other websites
*
Aircalin

**Aircalin** is New Caledonia's largest airline, having a network of flights all over Oceania. It began in September 1983 as *Air Calédonie International*, an international airline to complement New Caledonia's domestic airline, Air Calédonie.

## Destinations
Aircalin has flights all over Oceania, however, no flights to mainland France. Below are the following destinations that they serve.

### Australia
*Sydney Kingsford Smith Airport
*Brisbane Airport

### Fiji
*Nadi International Airport

### French Polynesia
*Faa'a International Airport, Papeete

### Japan
*Kansai International Airport, Osaka
*Narita International Airport, Tokyo

### New Caledonia
*La Tontouta International Airport (hub)

### New Zealand
* Auckland Airport

### Vanuatu
* Bauerfield International Airport, Port Vila

### Wallis and Futuna
*Hihifo Airport, Wallis		
*Pointe Vele Airport, Vele

### Terminated destinations
* Melbourne, Australia
* Seoul, South Korea

## Fleet
*Airbus A320neo
*Airbus A330neo

## References
Nationwide

**Nationwide Building Society** is a British mutual financial institution, the seventh largest cooperative financial institution and the largest building society in the world with over 15 million members.  Its headquarters are in Swindon, England.

Nationwide is the result of over a hundred mergers, the most notable of which are its merger with Anglia Building Society in 1987 and Portman Building Society in 2007. It is now the second largest provider of household savings and mortgages in the UK and has a 7.7% market share of current accounts.

For the financial year 2015/2016, Nationwide had assets of around £208.9 billion compared to £331 billion for the entire building society sector, making it larger than the remaining 44 British building societies combined.

It is a member of the Building Societies Association, the Council of Mortgage Lenders and Co-operatives UK.
## References
Lockton

**Lockton Companies Inc.** is the world's biggest privately held insurance brokerage company, providing insurance, risk management, employee benefits and retirement services. In addition to its Kansas City, Missouri headquarters, Lockton operates more than 100+ locations in 125 countries. Lockton currently has more than 8,300 employees worldwide.

## History
The company was created by Jack Lockton in 1966 and has since become the world’s 8th largest insurance brokerage firm. Lockton serves a wide array of industries with services that include risk management, casualty, surety, professional indemnity and more. For more than 50 years, Lockton posted organic growth, with global revenues reaching more than $1.72 billion in fiscal 2019.

## References
Dekabank

**DekaBank** **Deutsche Girozentrale** is the central provider of asset management and capital market solutions of the German Savings Bank Finance Group. Registered in Frankfurt am Main and Berlin, its headquarters is based in Frankfurt.

## History
DekaBank was formed in 1999 after the merger of Deutsche Girozentrale Deutsche Kommunalbank and DekaBank GmbH. Together with its subsidiaries it forms the Deka Group, making it one of the largest securities services providers in Germany.

## References
Green Man

The **Green Man** is a legendary creature and a symbol.  The green man represents rebirth, new growth. The Green Man is usually shown in a sculpture surrounded by leaves. 

According to Mike Harding, first Green Man figures were found in Lebanon and Iraq; they had been made in the 2nd century. 

## In churches 
The Green Man became popular in Great Britain in the 19th century.  The architects used this image to decorate Gothic cathedrals. He was also very popular among Australian stonemasons and can be found on many holy buildings.  Victorian architecture also use the green man in their constructions.    

Churches, chapels, abbeys and cathedrals have wood or stone green man sculptures.   ]]

## In popular culture
A fictional Green Man is a character in the 1993 video game, *Conquests of the Longbow*.

## References
1050

## Events 
* Start of the Ottoman Empire
## Births 
* November 11 &ndash; Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor and King of Germany, German royal (died 1106)
* *date unknown* &ndash; Peter the Hermit, French monk and writer (died 1115)
## Deaths 
* King Arthur (fictional character), King of Camelot (born 960)
Synonyms (movie)

***Synonyms*** () is a 2019 Israeli French German drama movie directed by Navad Lapid and starring Tom Mercier, Quentin Dolmaire, Olivier Loustau, Léa Drucker.

## Other websites
*
Lynn Whitfield

**Lynn Whitfield** (*née* **Smith**; born February 15, 1953) is an American actress. She began acting in television and theatre. Whitfield later went to acting in supporting roles in movies. She received a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Lead Series or Movie. For her performance as Josephine Baker in the 1991 HBO biographical movie *The Josephine Baker Story*. 

In the 1990s, Whitfield played the dangerous femme fatale (seductive woman) Brandi in the 1996 romantic sex comedy movie *A Thin Line Between Love and Hate*. In the 1998 comedy-drama movie *Stepmom* she played Dr. Sweikert. She later played as Glenda Hill in the 2008 comedy-drama movie *The Women*. The 2008 movie was a remake of the 1939 movie with the same name. 

Whitfield acted in a number of movies during the 2000s and 2010s. From 2016 to 2020, she played Lady Mae Greenleaf in the television drama show *Greenleaf*. Whitfield was given high praise from critics for the role. She won two NAACP Image Awards, along with a Gracie Award.

Lynn Whitfield was born as Lynn Smith in Baton Rouge, Louisiana.

## References
Balzapata tree frog

The **Balzapata tree frog** (*Dendropsophus aperomeus*) is a frog that lives in Peru in the Andes mountains.
## References
Big Bang nucleosynthesis

In physical cosmology, the **Big Bang nucleosynthesis** was an event that happened during the Big Bang. It made elements heavier than hydrogen when the Universe was young. Most cosmologists believe that it happened roughly 10 seconds to 20 minutes after the Big Bang. It is also calculated to have made most of the helium in the Universe and a very small amount of lithium. It also made two radioactive isotopes. They are tritium and beryllium-7.

## References
Global Biodiversity Information Facility

The **Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF)** is an organization that provides information about living things.  It was started in 2001. Governments pay for the GBIF to work, and GBIF gives the information to whoever wants it. GBIF is the largest data platform for living things in the world, and it is the one that scientists use the most.

## References
Kladno

**Kladno** ( ) is a city in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It is the capital of the Kladno District. It has about 69,000 inhabitants.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Official website
Flapjacks

A **flapjack** (also known as a **cereal bar**, **oat bar** or **oat slice**) is a baked dessert bar.   It is cooked in a flat oven tin and cut into squares or rectangles. It is made from rolled oats, fat (typically butter), brown sugar and usually golden syrup.

They are available commercially, sold in packs.  "Diet" versions are available with less fat and calories.  In 2022 there was a court case about whether some commercial ones  were confectionery. Confectionery in the United Kingdom  is charged 20% value-added tax. Traditional flapjacks are counted as cakes, and so not taxed. 

The snack is like the North American granola bar.

In America flapjack is the name for what in the UK is called Pancake.

## References
Česká Třebová

**Česká Třebová** () is a town of the Ústí nad Orlicí District in the Pardubice Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 15,000 people living there.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Official website
Maison-Ponthieu

**Maison-Ponthieu** is a commune. It is in Hauts-de-France in the Somme department in north France.

## References
## Other websites
Ghost Town (2008 movie)

***Ghost Town*** is a 2008 American fantasy comedy movie directed by David Koepp and starring Ricky Gervais, Greg Kinnear, Téa Leoni, Aasif Mandvi, Billy Campbell, Kristen Wiig, Aaron Tveit. It was distributed by DreamWorks Pictures, Paramount Pictures and Spyglass Entertainment.

## Other websites 
* 
* 
*
Poltava

**Poltava** () is a city in Ukraine. It is the administrative centre of Poltava Oblast. In 2024, 287,135 people lived there.

## Other websites
Eighteam

***Eighteam*** is a 2015 Spanish Zambian documentary movie directed by Juan Rodriguez-Briso and was based on the true story of the 1993 plane crash involving the Zambia national football team.

## Other websites
*
President of Mauritius

The **president of Mauritius** () is the head of state of the Republic of Mauritius.

## List 
List of rules of Mauritius

## References
Rakhiv

**Rakhiv** (; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;  or *Rakhyv*) is a city in the Zakarpattia Oblast (province) in western Ukraine. It is the administrative centre of Rakhiv Raion (district). In 2020, 15,601 people lived there.

## Other websites
DZ Bank

**DZ Bank AG** is the second largest bank in Germany by asset size and the central institution for around 800 cooperative banks and their around 8,500 branch offices. Within the Volksbanken Raiffeisenbanken Cooperative financial network, which is one of Germany's largest private sector financial service organizations, DZ Bank functions both as a central institution and as a corporate and investment bank. 
## Name
DZ Bank is an acronym for **Deutsche Zentral-Genossenschaftsbank** (literally "German Central Cooperative Bank"). 
## Business
As a holding, the DZ Bank Group defines itself primarily as a service provider for local cooperative banks and their 30 million or so clients. The DZ Bank Group includes: DVB Bank, a transportation finance bank; Bausparkasse Schwäbisch Hall, a building society; DZ HYP, a provider of commercial real estate finance; DZ Privatbank Gruppe; R+V Versicherung, an insurance company; TeamBank, a provider of consumer finance; Union Investment Group, an asset management company; VR Leasing; and various other specialized institutions. 

DZ Bank, headquartered in Frankfurt, Germany, is a member of CIBP, EACB, the Euro Banking Association, and Unico. It maintains branches, subsidiaries and representative offices in key financial centers and economic regions worldwide. The DZ Bank building in Berlin, located at Pariser Platz 3, was designed by architect Frank Gehry. 

DZ Bank also has one of the most significant collections of contemporary artistic photography which today comprises over 6,000 works by more than 550 artists.

In 2016 DZ Bank was merged with WGZ Bank, the central institute of the cooperative banks of both the Rheinland (Rhineland)  and Westfalen (Westphalia).
## References
Stepmom (1998 movie)

***Stepmom*** is a 1998 American comedy and drama movie. It has themes of terminal illness and friendships between couples.

## Plot
Jackie and Luke Harrison are a divorced New York City couple. They try hard to co-parent their daughter Anna and son Ben. The couple helps the kids deal with the lifestyle change. Luke is a lawyer, He is living with his girlfriend for one year, Isabel Kelly. Isabel is a successful fashion photgrapher his junior by several years. Isabel has never wanted to be a mother. However, she tries hard to make Anna and Ben more around her. Anna rejects Isabel's overtures. Ben likes Isabel, though he makes things harder with his mischief. Isabel behaves with contempt. She is very cautious around Jackie. She believes Jackie compensates too much for the divorce when she spoils her children.

Jackie is a former publisher. She has become a stay-at-home mom. Jackie treats Isabel coldly. She (Jackie) sees Isabel as an immature, selfish and overly ambitious career woman. Jackie also has plans to hurt Luke. This is seen during fights on Isabel's ability to parent.

It becomes obvious Jackie was battling cancer for some time. The cancer is now set to kill her.

Isabel and Anna's relationship begins improving. They bond over shared hobbies, like painting and music.

On Christmas morning, the family get together to celebrate. Jackie is now bedridden. She shares emotional moments with her children. Jackie tells them she will remain with them as long as they remember her.

## Cast
* Julia Roberts as Isabel Kelly
* Susan Sarandon as Jackie Harrison
* Ed Harris as Luke Harrison
* Jena Malone as Anna Harrison
* Liam Aiken as Ben Harrison
* Lynn Whitfield as Dr. Sweikert
* Darrell Larson as Duncan Samuels
* Mary Louise Wilson as School Counselor
* Andre B. Blake as Cooper
* Herbert Russell as Photo Assistant
* Jack Eagle as Craft Service Man

## Reception
*Stepmom* got mixed reviews from critics. Rotten Tomatoes sets the approval rating of the movie at 46%.

Despite the substandard critic reviews, the movie took in over $91 million in the United States. Across the world, it took in over $159 million. The movie was released on Christmas Day 1998.

Susan Sarandon was nominated for a Golden Globe Award for the Best Actress – Motion Picture Drama. The San Diego Film Critics Society gave her an award for the Best Actress for her role in *Stepmom*. Ed Harris received an award for Best Supporting Actor from the National Board of Review for his role in that same movie.

## References
Omar (movie)

***Omar*** () is a 2013 Palestinian drama movie directed by Hany Abu-Assad and starring Adam Bakri, Eyad Hourani, Waleed Zuaiter, Leem Lubany, Anna Maria Hawa. It was nominated for an Academy Award in 2014.

## Other websites
*
Cybernator

***Cybernator*** also known in Japan as  is a 2D mecha game developed by Masaya in 1992, for Super Famicom. The second entry of *Assault Suits* series, it is the prequel of *Target Earth* (*Assault Suits Leynos* in Japan). Also release in PlayStation 2, and releases Worldwide by Konami and Palcom. The story follows Jake Brain and his pilot, where fighting agains giant mecha.
Grand Cinema

***Grand Cinema*** is a 1989 Iranian comedy movie directed by Hassan Hedayat and starring Ebrahim Abadi, Akbar Abdi, Ezzatolah Entezami, Hosein Amirfazil.

## Other websites
*
Return from Hell

***Return from Hell*** () is a 1983 Romanian drama movie directed by Nicolae Mărgineanu and starring Constantin Brînzea, Maria Ploae, Remus Margineanu, Ana Ciontea, Ion Sasaran, Vasile Nitulescu. It was distributed by Româniafilm.

## Other websites 
*
Stefan Luchian (movie)

***Stefan Luchian*** () is a 1981 Romanian biographical drama movie directed by Nicolae Mărgineanu and starring Ion Caramitru, George Constantin, Maria Ploae, Ovidiu Schumacher, Monica Ghiuță, Victor Rebengiuc, Petre Gheorghiu, Adrian Rățoi. It was distributed by Româniafilm.

## Other websites 
*
The Idol (2015 movie)

***The Idol*** is a 2015 Palestinian British Qatari Dutch Egyptian United Arab Emirates drama movie directed by Hany Abu-Assad and starring Tawfeek Barhom, Nadine Labaki, Ashraf Barhom, Saber Shreim.

## Other websites
*
Makiivka

**Makiivka** (; ) is a city in the Donetsk Oblast (province) of eastern Ukraine. In 2022, 338,968 people lived there.

## History
The place became a settlement around 1696. The city got city rights in 1917.
### Russo-Ukrainian War
During the Russo-Ukrainian War the city town hall was taken over by pro-Russian separatists on 13 April 2014. Makiivka is still (as of 2023's first quarter) under the control of Donetsk People's Republic.
#### New Year's Day rocket attack in 2023
During the night of 31 December 2022/1 January 2023, many Russian soldiers died when they were staying in a school building; Ukrainian soldiers did blow up the building during a rocket attack. The HIMARS rocket system was used, media said. The number of dead soldiers is either less than one hundred, or "many hundred"; sources have different numbers. The Rocket attack on soldiers' quarters in Makiivka, is also called the Makiivka military quarters shelling (see shell (projectile)).

## References
Honeyland

***Honeyland*** () is a 2019 Macedonian documentary movie directed by Tamara Kotevska and Ljubomir Stefanov about bees. It was nominated for two Academy Awards in 2020.

## Other websites 
* 
*
Vacoas-Phoenix

**Vacoas-Phoenix** or *Villes Jumelles* (meaning 'twin cities') is a city on the island of Mauritius. As of 2019, about 115,000 people were living here, making it the second largest city in the country.

Vacoas-Phoenix lies in the middle of the western part of the island, in the Plaines Wilhems and (partially) in the Moka districts.

Vacoas-Phoenix has been a municipality since 1968. Vacoas and Phoenix were separate settlements until 1963. 

## References 
* City Population
Kelč

**Kelč** () is a town of the Vsetín District in the Zlín Region of the Czech Republic.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Official website
Heřmanice (Havlíčkův Brod District)

**Heřmanice** is a village of the Havlíčkův Brod District in the Vysočina Region of the Czech Republic. In 2006, 69 people live in Heřmanice. It covers an area of .

## Other websites 
*
Karviná

**Karviná** (; ) is a city in the Moravian-Silesian Region of the Czech Republic. It is the capital of the Karviná District.

The city is on the Olza River and has about 51,000 inhabitants.

## Twin towns – sister cities 
Karviná is twinned with:
*  Jastrzębie-Zdrój, Poland
*  Jaworzno, Poland
*  Kaili, China
*  Rybnik, Poland
*  Wodzisław Śląski, Poland

## References 
## Other websites 
* Official website
Rodrigues

**Rodrigues** (French: *Île Rodrigues*; Creole: *Rodrig*) is an island in the Indian Ocean. It belongs to the Mascarene Islands and is part of the Republic of Mauritius.

Its size is 108 km². About 42,000 people were living on this island in 2014. Main town is Port Mathurin.

## References 
* Tourist information
Topaz Energy

Topaz Energy was a fuel supplier in Ireland, until it was rebranded in 2018.

## History 
Topaz Energy came to be in 2008 after the rebrand of all Statoil gas stations in Ireland.

In 2008, an advertisement that showed a car driving on an island, shaped in the Topaz logo, and also the car looking like the Topaz logo, was made. In 2013, Denis O'Brien took over Topaz. Topaz Energy was sold to Couche-Tard in 2015.

### Circle K 
In April to July 2018, all Topaz stations became Circle K, some stations, such as the Dundrum outlet, would rebrand at a later stage.

## Play or Park 
Topaz launched a brand new loyalty game in February 2013 called Play or Park. The customer can register via the Topaz app, the website or in-store with a game tag. The customer can earn points by filling up at Topaz, and they may win a chance of a lifetime. If not, they win items in-store. Play or Park did not change, even with the rebrand of Topaz to Circle K in 2018.
Friederike Mayröcker

**Friederike Mayröcker** (20 December 1924 – 4 June 2021) was an Austrian poet. She was born in Vienna. She was known as one of Austria's most well known poets.

## Death
Mayröcker died on 4 June 2021 aged 96, in Vienna.

## Works
* *Gesammelte Prosa 1949-2001* (collected prose) ed. by Klaus Reichert, 5 volumes, Frankfurt/Main 2001
* *Magische Blätter I-V* (magic pages I-V), Frankfurt/Main 2001
* *Requiem für Ernst Jandl* (requiem for Ernst Jandl), Frankfurt/Main 2001
* *Mein Arbeitstirol - Gedichte 1996-2001* (my working Tyrol – poems), Frankfurt/Main 2003
* *Die kommunizierenden Gefäße* (the communicating vessels) Frankfurt/Main 2003
* *Sinclair Sofokles der Baby-Saurier* (Sinclair Sofokles the baby-dinosaur) with coloured illustrations by Angelika Kaufmann, St. Pölten 2004
* *Gesammelte Gedichte 1939-2003* (collected poems) ed. by Marcel Beyer, Frankfurt/Main 2005
* *Und ich schüttelte einen Liebling* (and I shook a darling), Frankfurt/Main 2005
* *Pathos und Schwalbe*, Frankfurt/Main 2018.

## References
## Other websites
* Mayröcker at the Suhrkamp publishing house 
* Collection of links at the Free University of Berlin
Atal Bihari Panda

**Atal Bihari Panda** ( &ndash; 5 June 2021) was an Indian actor, playwright and songwriter. Panda was born in Binika, India. His career lasted from 1943 until 2020. He was known for his roles as Gauntia Budha	in *Sala Budha* and as Kandha Budha in *Aadim Vichar*. 

Panda died on 5 June 2021 in Bhubaneswar, India at the age of 92.

## References
Karla Burns

**Karla Burns** (December 24, 1954 – June 3, 2021) was an American operatic mezzo-soprano and actress. She performed at opera houses, theaters, and on television. Her career included performances with the Metropolitan Opera, Paris Opera, the Teatro Real, Cairo Opera House, and the Royal Shakespeare Company. 

She was the first African-American to win the Laurence Olivier Award.

## References
Fernando Lima Bello

**Fernando Lima Bello** (27 November 1931 – 3 June 2021) was a Portuguese sailor. He was the country's only member of the International Olympic Committee, which he was elected to in 1989. He was Portuguese national champion in Star, Dragon and Sharpie 12 m2. Lima Bello was born in Lisbon. He took part of the 1968 and 1972 Summer Olympics.

Lima Bello died on 3 June 2021 in Lisbon, aged 89.

## References
Edward F. Crawford

**Edward Francis Crawford** (born April 25, 1938) is an American businessman. He was the U.S. Ambassador to Ireland from 2019 to 2021 during the Donald Trump administration. He was chairman and CEO of Park-Ohio Holdings.

## References
New Vernon, New Jersey

**New Vernon** is an unincorporated community and census-designated place. within Harding Township in Morris County, New Jersey, United States.

As of the 2020 United States Census, the population was 825.

*Forbes* magazine ranked New Vernon, New Jersey as one of the 25 most "expensive" zip codes in the country.

## References
COVID-19 pandemic in Iowa

The COVID-19 pandemic first hit the American Midwest state of Iowa in March 2020. The first known cases were three people who had traveled on a cruise in Egypt. They came home to Johnson County on March 3. Cases were first found at meat packing plants and care facilities. By late October, community spread was a concern in the state.

On March 9, 2020, Iowa Governor Kim Reynolds signed a Proclamation of Disaster Emergency.

On April 25, the first testing site was launched in Des Moines under the new initiative *TestIowa.com*.

During a May 6, 2020 meeting with Reynolds, then-President Donald Trump answered to the increased coronavirus testing rate.

## Impact
Iowa's largest industry is manufacturing. Most manufacturing relates to food. That means the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the meat packing industry is highly disruptive in Iowa.

Iowa State University, the University of Iowa and the University of Northern Iowa expected losses to go past $76 million, $89 million and $28 million, respectively.

As of June 1, 2021, COVID-19 was responsible for more than 6,000 deaths in Iowa.

## References
Green Village, New Jersey

**Green Village** is an unincorporated community located within parts of both Harding Township and Chatham Township in Morris County, New Jersey, United States. 

In the *Forbes* magazine 2006 ranking of the *Most Expensive ZIP Codes in the United States*, Green Village was ranked as the 282nd most expensive in the country. The average home sale price in 2005 was $777,465.

## References
Chatham Township, New Jersey

**Chatham Township** is a suburban township located in Morris County, New Jersey, United States. As of the 2020 United States Census, the township's population was 10,983.

## References
The Conjuring: The Devil Made Me Do It

***The Conjuring: The Devil Made Me Do It*** (also known as ***The Conjuring 3***) is a 2021 American horror movie directed by Michael Chaves. It is a sequel to *The Conjuring* (2013) and *The Conjuring 2* (2016). It is also the eighth movie in the Conjuring Universe. Patrick Wilson and Vera Farmiga return to their roles as paranormal hunters and authors Ed and Lorraine Warren.

It was supposed to be released in September 2020, but was delayed because of the COVID-19 pandemic. *The Conjuring: The Devil Made Me Do It* was released by Warner Bros. Pictures and New Line Cinema in the United States on June 4, 2021 and through HBO Max at the same time. 

The movie had mixed reviews from critics with a 61% on Rotten Tomatoes.

## References
Rambo: Last Blood

***Rambo: Last Blood*** is a 2019 American Hong Kong French Bulgarian Spanish Swedish action movie directed by Adrian Grunberg and starring Sylvester Stallone, Paz Vega, Sergio Peris-Mencheta, Adriana Barraza, Yvette Monreal, Fenessa Pineda, Marco de la O. It is the fifth movie in the *Rambo* franchise.

## Other websites
* 
*
Ingrid Bisu

**Ingrid Bisu** (born 15 September 1987) is a Romanian-German actress, producer, and screenwriter. She is known for her appearance in the dramedy *Toni Erdmann* (2016). She also starred as Sister Oana in *The Nun* (2018) and Jessica in *The Conjuring: The Devil Made Me Do It* (2021).

In 2019, she married filmmaker and actor James Wan.

## References
Bonnie Aarons

**Bonnie Aarons** (born September 9, 1960)  is an American actress and writer. She is best known for her roles as the bum in *Mulholland Drive* (2001), Baroness Joy von Troken in *The Princess Diaries* (2001) and its sequel, *The Princess Diaries 2: Royal Engagement* (2004), and the demon nun Valak in *The Conjuring 2* (2016) and its spinoff, *The Nun* (2018).

She was born in Los Angeles, California.

## References
## Other websites
*
Burdur

**Burdur** is a city in southwestern Turkey. The city is in the Mediterranean Region. It is on the shore of Lake Burdur. In 2020, 267,092 people lived there.

## References
Muş

**Muş** is a city in eastern Turkey. The city is in the Central Anatolia Region. In 2020, 197,555 people lived there.

## References
Culver Max Entertainment

**Culver Max Entertainment Private Limited**, or **Sony Pictures Networks India** (**SPN** or **SPNI**), is an Indian media company. It is owned by Sony Pictures.

Culver Max Entertainment has 26 television channels, the streaming media platform SonyLIV and the television studio Studio NEXT. It also has the movie studio Sony Pictures International Productions.

## History
The company was founded in September 30 1995 as Multi Screen Media Limited. In November 2015, the name of the company was chaged to Sony Pictures Networks India (SPN).

## Owned channels
### On air channel 
## References
Hardwick, Baldwin County, Georgia

**Hardwick** is a census-designated place (CDP) in Baldwin County, Georgia, United States. The population was 3,513 at the 2020 census.

## References
Vadim Kapranov

**Vadim Kapranov** (26 February 1940 &ndash; 4 June 2021) was a Soviet-born Russian basketball player and coach. He competed in the men's tournament at the 1968 Summer Olympics, where he won a bronze medal. Kapranov was born in Moscow. He played for the Soviet Union men's basketball team during the 1960s. He also played for CSKA and Dynamo Moscow.

His playing career lasted from 1958 until 1974. He coached many women's basketball teams until his retirement in 2004.

Kapranov died on 4 June 2021 in Moscow, aged 81.

## References
Jacques Amalric

**Jacques Amalric** (6 October 1938 – 4 June 2021) was a French journalist. He was the editor-in-chief of *Le Monde* and was the managing editor of *Libération*. His son is actor Mathieu Amalric. He was born in Montauban, France.

Amalric died on 4 June 2021 in Ajaccio, France at the age of 82.

## References
The Mill of Good Luck

***The Mill of Good Luck*** () is a 1955 Romanian drama movie directed by Victor Iliu and was based on the short story of the same name. It stars Constantin Codrescu, Ioana Bulcă, Colea Răutu, Valeria Gagialov and was remade as *Orizont* in 2015.

## Other websites
*
30 Days of Night (movie)

***30 Days of Night*** is a 2007 American New Zealand horror movie directed by David Slade and was based on the comic book series of the same name. It stars Josh Hartnett, Melissa George, Danny Huston, Ben Foster, Amber Sainsbury, Joel Toback, Nathaniel Lees, Grant Tilly, Manu Bennett, Elizabeth Hawthorne, Pua Magasiva.

## Other websites
*
Low-carbohydrate diet

and ground beef]]
A **Low-carbohydrate diet** is a type of diet that focuses on lowering the amount of carbohydrates eaten. There are many variations of this diet which all focus on lowering carbohydrates and come with both advantages and disadvantages.

## Overview 
### Macronutrient ratios 
The National Lipid Association and Lifestyle Task force define low-carbohydrate diets as those containing less than 25% of calories from carbohydrates. They define very low carbohydrate diets as those containing less than 10% carbohydrates. A 2016 review of low-carbohydrate diets referred to diets with 50 grams of carbohydrate per day (less than 10% of total calories) as "very low" and diets with 40% of calories from carbohydrates as "mild" low-carbohydrate diets.

### Foods 
 is a food that is low in carbohydrates.]]
There is evidence that the quality is also important too, and that high-fiber slow-digesting foods are healthful while ultra-processed and sugary foods are less so. People choosing diet for health conditions should have the diet focused on their own needs.

Most vegetables are low- or moderate-carbohydrate foods. Some vegetables, such as potatoes, carrots, maize (corn) and rice are high in starch. Most low-carbohydrate diet plans encourage to eat vegetables such as broccoli, spinach, kale, lettuce, cucumbers, cauliflower, peppers and most green-leafy vegetables.

## History 
### First appearences 
In 1797, John Rollo reported on the results of treating two diabetic Army officers with a low-carbohydrate diet and medications. A very low-carbohydrate, ketogenic diet was the standard treatment for diabetes throughout the nineteenth century.

In 1863, William Banting, a formerly obese English undertaker and coffin maker, published "Letter on Corpulence Addressed to the Public". He described a diet for weight control giving up bread, butter, milk, sugar, beer, and potatoes. His booklet was widely read, so much so that some people used the term "Banting" for the activity now called "dieting."

In the early 1900s Frederick Madison Allen made a highly restrictive short term diet which was described by Walter R. Steiner at the 1916 annual convention of the Connecticut State Medical Society as *The Starvation Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus*. This diet was often administered in a hospital in order to better ensure following and safety.

## References
Harding Township, New Jersey

**Harding Township** is a township in Morris County, New Jersey, United States. It is located in the Raritan Valley region within the New York City Metropolitan Area. 

## References
Jesse Marsch

**Jesse Alan Marsch** (born November 8, 1973) is an American football former player and football manager who was formerly the manager of Premier League club Leeds United.

## Career
Marsch started his career with College football with the  Princeton University. 1996 he was drafted by D.C. United. 1998 he went on to Chicago Fire. 2005 he came to  CD Chivas USA. 2010 he ended his career as player.

## International career
Marsch played two matches for the national team.

## Manager
Marsch started his career as assistance coach of the US national football team. From 2011 till 2013 he was head coach of Montreal Impacts. From 2013 till 2015 he was assistance coach of the Princton Tigers the football team of the Princeton University. From 2015 till 2018 he was headcoach of the New York Red Bulls.

In the 2018/19 season he went to Europe and became assistance coach to Ralph Rangnick with RB Leipzig in the German Bundesliga. 2019 till 2021 he was headcoach of FC Red Bull Salzburg. In 2021 he became headcoach of RB Leipzig but was dismissed in December of the same year. After one year in Leeds he became coach of the Canada men's national soccer team.

## Coaching statistics
## Honors
### Player
**D.C. United**
*MLS Cup: 1996, 1997
*Supporters' Shield: 1997
*U.S. Open Cup: 1996

**Chicago Fire**
*MLS Cup: 1998
*Supporters' Shield: 2003
*U.S. Open Cup: 1998, 2000, 2003

### Manager
**New York Red Bulls**
*Supporters' Shield: 2015

**Red Bull Salzburg**
*Austrian Bundesliga: 2019–20, 2020–21
*Austrian Cup: 2019–20, 2020–21

**Individual**
*MLS Coach of the Year: 2015

## References
Yves Leterme

**Yves Camille Désiré Leterme** (born 6 October 1960) is a Belgian politician of the CD&V.

Leterme was born in Wervik. He was prime minister twice: in 2008 and from 2009 to 2011. He was also foreign affairs minister and prime minister of Flanders.

## References 
* Flemish Parliament
Giovanni Simeone

**Giovanni Pablo Simeone Baldini** (; born 5 July 1995) also known as **Gio Simeone**, or “**El Cholito**”, is an Argentine professional footballer who plays as a striker for Serie A club Napoli and the Argentina national team.

He is the son of Diego Simeone.

## Career statistics
### Club
### International
## Honours
**River Plate**
* Argentine Primera División: 2014 Final
* Copa Campeonato: 2014
* Copa Sudamericana: 2014

**Napoli**
* Serie A: 2022–23, 2024–25

**Argentina U20**
* South American Youth Football Championship: 2015

**Individual**
* South American Youth Football Championship Top Goalscorer: 2015
* Serie A Player of the Month: October 2021

## References
Rocky IV

***Rocky IV*** is a 1985 American sports drama movie directed by Sylvester Stallone (who also stars) and starring Talia Shire, Burt Young, Carl Weathers, Brigitte Nielsen, Dolph Lundgren, Tony Burton, Michael Pataki. It is the sequel to the 1982 movie *Rocky III* and is the fourth movie in the *Rocky* franchise. The movie was distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer and United Artists. It won 5 Razzie Awards and was nominated for 4 Razzie Awards in 1986. The movie started the Hollywood career of Dolph Lundgren, who played the Soviet boxer Ivan Drago.

## Other websites 
* 
* 
* 
* 
* 
* 
*
Maison-Roland

**Maison-Roland** is a commune. It is in Hauts-de-France in the Somme department in north France.

## References
Saint-Vincent-les-Forts

**Saint-Vincent-les-Forts** is a former commune. It is in Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur in the Alpes-de-Haute-Provence department in southeast France. On 1 January 2017, it was merged into the new commune of Ubaye-Serre-Ponçon.

## References
Posthumous (movie)

***Posthumous*** is a 2014 American German romantic comedy movie directed by first time director Lulu Wang and starring Brit Marling, Jack Huston, Lambert Wilson, Tom Schilling, Alexander Fehling, Nikolai Kinski.

## Other websites 
* 
*
Young (Tulisa song)

"**Young**" is the debut solo single by English singer and songwriter Tulisa from her debut solo studio album, *The Female Boss*. It was released as the album's lead single on 29 April 2012. "Young" peaked at number one on the UK Singles Chart as well as number five in the Republic of Ireland.

## Background
Ali Tennant wrote the lyrics for "Young" with STL, a production duo comprising Pete Ibsen and Fazer. Tulisa heard both Fazer and Isben and wanted to record the song herself and said that "They didn't even get a chance to pitch it to the [other singer], they were preparing it, it wasn't even finished and I was like, 'I'm having that song, give it to me'." Tulisa wanted it to sound like a song that would be played in Ibiza and at summer festivals with young people jumping and singing along to its hook. It became Tulisa's first and only number one single.

## Track listing
### European Digital EP 
# "Young" – 3:35
# "Young" (Preditah Mix) – 3:20
# "Young" (Breeze & Modulate Mix) – 3:38
# "Young" (Expanda Mix) – 4:35
# "Young" (Agent X Mix) – 3:22

### North American/Mexican Digital Remixes 
# "Young" (Gregor Salto Edit) - 3:16
# "Young" (Gregor Salto Extended) - 5:34
# "Young" (Gregor Salto Extended) - 5:16
# "Young" (Gregor Salto Dub) - 3:36
# "Young" (Vice Edit) - 3:29
# "Young" (Vice Extended) - 6:00
# "Young" (Vice Instrumental) - 6:00
# "Young" (Expanda Remix Edit) - 3:29
# "Young" (Expanda Remix) - 4:33
# "Young" (Expanda Remix Instrumental) - 4:33
# "Young" (Hector Fonseca Edit) - 4:03
# "Young" (Hector Fonseca Club) - 6:02
# "Young" (Hector Fonseca Dub) - 5:32

## Charts
### Weekly charts
### Year-end charts
## Certification
## Release history
## References
Nupa Maibi

A **Nupa Maibi** or a **Nupa Amaibi** (literally, "male priestess") is a male transgender priest in Sanamahism (Meitei religion). They are called **"male priestess"** as they hold the roles of the maibis in the religious rites and rituals, though they are biologically male. They are said to be possessed by the spirits of Lairembis (female deities). They have crucial roles to play in the sacred Lai Haraoba festival.

## Other websites
* https://www.sahapedia.org/amaibis-manipur-gender-fluid-priestesses-sanamahi-religion
* 

## References
Causapscal

**Causapscal** is a city in the Canadian province of Quebec. It is part of the La Matapédia Regional County Municipality. In 2021, 2,147 people lived there.

## References
The Fixx

**The Fixx** are a new wave and rock out of London, England. The major songs from the group include "One Thing Leads to Another" and "Saved by Zero". Both were released during 1983.

College partners Cy Curnin (for the vocals) and Adam Woods (drums) got together and formed the group in 1979. At first the group called themselves the **Portraits**. The pair were later joined by keyboardist Rupert Greenall, guitarist Tony McGrail and the bassist Russell Mckenzie. The last was replaced by Charlie Bennett. The Portraits issued two records under Ariola Records: "Little Women" (1979) and "Hazards in the Home" (1980). 

Later in 1980, McGrail left the band. At this point, the band adde guitarist Jamie West-Oram. The band then changed their name to **The Fix**. This version of the band recorded under 101 Records. They had their first single "Lost Planes" in February 1981. In those early days, West-Oram was simply billed as Jamie West.

The Fix's raised profile led to them being offered a contract by MCA Records. The record label, however, worried about the potential drug user implication of the group's name. MCA wanted a name change before signing them to the label. A deal was then reached. The band changed the spelling of its name to **The Fixx**.

The group's first studio album was *Shuttered Room* in 1982. This album had the initial hit songs "Stand or Fall" and "Red Skies". Both in the United States, United Kingdom and Canada.

The group's second album *Reach the Beach*, was their most commercially successful album. It was certified Platinum by the RIAA. The singles "One Thing Leads to Another" and "Saved by Zero" were released off the album. Both these singles hit the U.S. Top 40. "One Thing Leads to Another" was the band's biggest hit (#1 in Canada, #4 in the United States).

The 1984 album *Phantoms* had the hits "Are We Ourselves?" and "Sunshine in the Shade".

In 1986, the group had their fourth album *Walkabout*. This album had the single "Secret Separation". The songhit #1 on *Billboard* Magazine's Album Rock Chart.

In 1989 the Fixx had their only release for RCA Records, *Calm Animals*. The album had another #1 hit on the Album Rock chart, "Driven Out".

The band released other albums between 1990 and 2012.

## Discography
* *Shuttered Room* (1982)
* *Reach the Beach* (1983)
* *Phantoms* (1984)
* *Walkabout* (1986)
* *Calm Animals* (1989)
* *Ink* (1991)
* *Elemental* (1998)
* *1011 Woodland* (1999)
* *Want That Life* (2003)
* *Beautiful Friction* (2012)

## References
## Other websites
*
Dendropsophus kamagarini

***Dendropsophus kamagarini*** is a frog that lives in Bolivia, Peru and Brazil.  Scientists have seen it between 150 and 1696 meters above sea level.
## References
Chow Hang Tung

**Chow Hang Tung** (Cantonese: 鄒幸彤; born 24 January 1985) is a Hong Kong lawyer and politician.

## Early life and education 
Chow studied physics at University of Cambridge.

Chow found out that human rights issues were her real interest, so she gave up doctoral studies and went back to Hong Kong.

She then studied law at the University of Hong Kong.

## References
Black Butterflies

***Black Butterflies*** is a 2011 Dutch South African biographical drama movie directed by Paula van der Oest and starring Carice van Houten, Rutger Hauer, Liam Cummingham, Nicholas Pauling.

## Other websites
*
Dead Man's Hand (2002 movie)

'''''Dead Man's Hand''''' () is a 2002 Luxembourgian Belgian French comedy-drama movie directed by Laurent Brandenburger and Philippe Boon. It stars Albert Dupontel, Marie Trintignant, Bouli Lanners.

## Other websites
*