open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
University of Mumbai

The **University of Mumbai**, informally known as **Mumbai University** (MU), is a public state university in Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. Established in 1857, it is one of the oldest universities in India and was one of the first three universities founded in India. Known for its sprawling campuses, the university offers undergraduate, postgraduate, and doctoral programs in fields such as science, commerce, arts, management, engineering, law, and social sciences. It is affiliated with the University Grants Commission (UGC) and has received a top grade from the National Assessment and Accreditation Council (NAAC).

## History 
The University of Mumbai was established on 18 July 1857 by Dr. John Wilson, following a petition by the Bombay Association to the British colonial government. Originally founded as an affiliating and examining body, the university's purpose was to encourage higher education in the Bombay Presidency. In 1904, it was restructured to provide a more robust system of teaching and research. Over the years, it evolved into a prominent university, contributing to the development of higher education in India.

## Campuses 
* **Fort Campus** - in South Mumbai, housing administrative offices and the examination section.
* **Kalina Campus** - in Santacruz (East), this campus hosts various postgraduate programs and research facilities.
* **Thane Sub-Campus** - Serves as an extended learning and research center in the city’s northern region.

## Academics 
* *Faculty of Arts*
* *Faculty of Commerce*
* *Faculty of Science*
* *Faculty of Technology*
* *Faculty of Law*
* *Faculty of Management Studies*

## Affiliated Colleges 
* Narsee Monjee College of Commerce and Economics

## Research and Innovation 
The university promotes research through its various departments and research centers. It also has multiple collaborations with national and international academic bodies. Areas of significant research include economics, social sciences, chemical technology, and engineering. Its dedicated research programs are supported by funding from the University Grants Commission, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), and other organizations.

## Rankings 
The University of Mumbai has consistently ranked among the top universities in India, particularly in the fields of commerce and science. In recent years, the university has received favorable evaluations from the National Institutional Ranking Framework (NIRF) and QS World University Rankings.

## Notable Alumni 
The university has an extensive alumni network, with many graduates going on to become leaders in politics, business, science, and the arts. Notable alumni include:
* Dr. B.R. Ambedkar 
* Mukesh Ambani 
* Anil Kapoor
* Sunita Williams 
* Kishore Kumar

## References 
## Other websites 
* Official website
Iron Guard

.]]

The **Iron Guard** (Romanian: *Garda de Fier*) was a Romanian pro-Nazi  group founded by Romanian ultranationalist Corneliu Zelea Codreanu (1899 – 1938) in 1930 during the Great Depression and rise of fascism in Europe. the military wing of which became the Iron Guard. This earned them support from radical nationalist peasants, intellectuals Student mobilization contributed to Iron Guard's rise.

## Rise
In 1937, the Iron Guard became the third-largest party in Romania's parliament by winning 15.81% of votes and 66 out of 387 seats.
It also became the third-largest far-right movement in Europe, with 200,000 members within Romania. and 1941 respectively, the first time under King Carol II (where Iron Guard's founder was executed) and the second time under the Nazi-backed Ion Antonescu.

Antonescu was an Iron Guard member himself, appointed by King Carol II as the Prime Minister on 5 September 1940. After the SNL ended, Antonescu continued ruling Romania as a tyrant until 23 August 1944, when he was overthrown in a coup led by King Michael I. and Iron Guard leader Horia Sima saluting the Iron Guard founder Corneliu Zelea Codreanu (overhead portrait) in October 1940.]] with Nazi salutes in downtown Bucharest, the Romanian capital, c. 1940.]]

## Antisemitism
 synagogue, was burned down by the Iron Guard in the Bucharest pogrom and Legionnaires' rebellion.]]

As mentioned, the Iron Guard was violently antisemitic.
They  numerous antisemitic riots, one of which was the Bucharest pogrom on 21–23 January 1941, which killed 125+ Jews.

## Downfall
Horia Sima, the Iron Guard leader, did not get along with the Nazi-backed Prime Minister Ion Antonescu. Antonescu was wary of the Iron Guard's influence as a paramilitary.

During the Bucharest pogrom, the Iron Guard launched a concurrent rebellion against Antonescu. Antonescu unleashed a crackdown, outlawed the Iron Guard and threw 9,000 Iron Guard members into jail.

 dead bodies in public on 29 June 1941 during the Iași pogrom.]]

### Horia Sima in exile
Horia Sima fled Romania with the help of the Nazi SS. Sima and his allies were resettled in Berkenbrück, Germany. In 1942, he escaped to Italy, but was sent back to Nazi  by Italy's dictator Benito Mussolini. The Nazis found Sima troublesome. They placed him and his allies in the Buchenwald concentration camp. though he continued leading successor groups throughout the Cold War. 

#### Death
Sima lived in Spain until he died in 1993.

## Ideology
The beliefs of the Iron Guard are classifiable as follows.

### Political
* Fascism
* Antisemitism
* Christian nationalism tied to the Romanian Orthodox Church

### Economic
* Agrarianism
* Anti-capitalism
* Anti-communism

### Cultural
* Collectivism
* Traditionalism

## Related pages
* Odessa massacre
* Slovak Republic (1939–1945)
* Catholic Church and the Independent State of Croatia

## References
Colostethus agilis

The **Cauca rocket frog** (*Colostethus mertensi*) is a frog.  It lives in Colombia.

## Body
The adult male frog is about 24 mm long from nose to rear end and the adult female frog is about 28 mm long. Most frogs in *Colostethus* do not have much webbed skin on their feet, but *C. agilis* does.

## Home
This frog is awake during the day. This frog lives in cloud forests on hills and mountains. Scientists saw the frog between 2190 and 2600 meters above sea level on the Pacific Ocean side (west side) of the Andes Mountains. They have only seen it in forests and not anywhere else.

One of the places this frog lives is a protected park: Parque Nacional Natural Munchique. Scientists think it might live in Parque Nacional Natural Farallones de Cali too.

## Young
The female frog lays eggs on the ground. After the eggs hatch, the male frog carries the tadpoles to ponds of water that dry up for part of the year, where they swim and grow.

## Danger
Scientists say this frog is in big danger of dying out. Humans cut down the forests to make farms, to make places for cows to eat grass, to get wood to build with, and get good rocks out of the ground.

## References
Al-Hussein SC (Irbid)

**Al-Hussein Sports Club** is a sports club founded in 1964 in the city of Irbid, It is considered one of the effective clubs that practice many sports, such as football, basketball and handball, in addition to cultural and social activities, and the football team appeared in 1975 and settled in the excellent class in 1975 and did not fall since that date until 2012, when it was relegated and then returned to the professional class.Al-Hussein achieved the Jordan Professional League Championship in 2024 for the first time in its history. 

## Stadium 
Al-Hussein plays their home games at Al-Hassan Stadium in Irbid. The stadium was built in 1971 and opened in 1976. It is also the home stadium of Al-Arabi and Al-Sareeh. It can have 12,000 spectators.

## Kits
Al-Hussein's home kit is all yellow shirts and shorts, their away kit is all black shirts and shorts.

### Kit suppliers and shirt sponsors
## Honours
## Performance in AFC  and UAFA competitions
***AFC Champions League Two**: **1 appearance**
::2024–25: 
***AFC Cup**: **1 appearance**
::2005: Quarterfinals
***Arab Club Champions Cup / Arab Champions League**: **2 appearances** 
::1993: Group stage 
::2004–05: First round

### Records
## Players
## Managerial history
*  Nazar Ashraf (2007–2008)
*  Osama Qasem (2008–2010)
*  Rateb Al-Dawud (2010–2011)
*  Jabbar Hamid (2010–2011)
*  Hussam Al-Mawsali (2011)
*  Mahmoud Abu Abed (2011)
*  Osama Qasem (2011–2013)
*  Marinko Koljanin (2013)
*  Mohammad Abdel-Azim (2013–2015)
*  Osama Qasem (2015)
*  Islam Thiabat (2015–2016)
*  Issa Al-Turk (2016)
*  Bilal Al-Laham (2016–2017)
*  Maher Bahri (2017)
*  Bilal Al-Laham (2016–2017)
*  Mohammad Abdel-Azim (2017–2018)
*  Alaa Amrat (2018)
*  Bilal Al-Laham (2018–2019)
*  Ashraf kassem (2019)
*  Othman Al-Hasanat (2020)
*  Valeriu Tița (2021)
*  Osama Qasem (2021) 
*  Amjad Abu Taima (2022)
*  Ayman Hakeem (2022)
*  Hussein Alawneh (2022)
*  João Mota (2023–2024)
*  Jamal Mahmoud (2024) 
*  Tiago Moutinho (2024–present )

## References 
## Other websites 
** Al Hussein Club website
** Al-Hussein SC on Kooora
Luciobarbus

***Luciobarbus*** is a genus of freshwater cyprinids. They live in Europe, North Africa, and the Caspian Sea. Before, they also used to be found in the Aral Sea, but it is now dried up.

## Taxonomy 
*Luciobarbus* is classified in the subfamily Barbinae. It was once part of the more well-known genus *Barbus*.

## Species 
### Extant species 
The genus contains 40 extant species:

* *Luciobarbus albanicus* (Steindachner, 1870) (Albanian barbel)
* *Luciobarbus barbulus* Heckel, 1847
* *Luciobarbus biscarensis* Boulenger, 1911
* *Luciobarbus bocagei* (Steindachner, 1864) (Iberian barbel)
* *Luciobarbus brachycephalus* (Kessler, 1872) (Aral barbel)
* *Luciobarbus callensis* Valenciennes, 1842 (Algerian barb)
* *Luciobarbus capito* (Güldenstädt, 1773) (Bulatmai barbel)
* *Luciobarbus caspius* (L. S. Berg, 1914) (Caspian barbel)
* *Luciobarbus chelifensis* Brahimi, Freyhof, Henrard & Libois, 2017
* *Luciobarbus comizo* (Steindachner, 1864) (Comizo barbel)
* *Luciobarbus escherichii* (Steindachner, 1897) (Ankara barbel)
* *Luciobarbus esocinus* Heckel, 1843 (Mangar)
* *Luciobarbus graecus* Steindachner, 1896
* *Luciobarbus graellsii* (Steindachner, 1866)
* *Luciobarbus guercifensis* Doadrio, Perea & Yahyahoui, 2016 (Guercif barbel)
* *Luciobarbus guiraonis* (Steindachner, 1866)
* *Luciobarbus kersin* (Heckel, 1843) (Kersin barbel)
* *Luciobarbus kottelati* Turan, Ekmekçi, İlhan & Engin, 2008 (Menderes barbel)
* *Luciobarbus lanigarensis* Brahimi, Libois, Henrard & Freyhof, 2018
* *Luciobarbus leptopogon* G. H. W. Schimper, 1834
* *Luciobarbus longiceps* Valenciennes, 1842 (Jordan barbel)
* *Luciobarbus lydianus* (Boulenger, 1896) (Lydian barbel)
* *Luciobarbus maghrebensis* Doadrio, Perea & Yahyaoui, 2015 (Maghreb barbel) 
* *Luciobarbus magniatlantis* (Pellegrin, 1919)
* *Luciobarbus microcephalus* (Almaça (pt), 1967)
* *Luciobarbus mursa* (Güldenstädt, 1773) (Mursa)
* *Luciobarbus mystaceus* (Pallas, 1814) (Euphrates barbel)
* *Luciobarbus pallaryi* Pellegrin, 1919
* *Luciobarbus pectoralis* (Heckel, 1843) (Heckel’s Orontes barbel)
* *Luciobarbus rabatensis* Doadrio, Perea & Yahyaoui, 2015 (Rabat barbel) 
* *Luciobarbus rifensis* Doadrio, Casal-Lopez & Yahyaoui, 2015 (Rifian barbel) 
* *Luciobarbus sclateri* (Günther, 1868) (Andalusian barbel)
* *Luciobarbus setivimensis* Valenciennes, 1842
* *Luciobarbus steindachneri* (Almaça (pt), 1967)
* *Luciobarbus subquincunciatus* (Günther, 1868) (Mesopotamian barbel)
* *Luciobarbus xanthopterus* Heckel, 1843 (Yellowfin barbel)
* *Luciobarbus yahyaouii* Doadrio, Casal-Lopez & Perea, 2016 (Yahyaoui barbel)
* *Luciobarbus zayanensis* Doadrio, Casal-Lopez & Perea, 2016 (Zayan barbel)

### Extinct species 
* †*Luciobarbus nasus* (Günther, 1874)

## Gallery 

File:Holotype of Barbus continii (i.e. Carasobarbus canis x Barbus longiceps) - ZooKeys-339-001-g029.jpg|Jordan barbel (*Luciobarbus longiceps*)
File:Barbus nasus 1901.jpg|*Luciobarbus nasus*
File:Mesopotamian barbell.png|Mesopotamian barbel (*Luciobarbus subquincunciatus*)

## References 
## Other websites
Nita Ambani

**Nita Ambani** (born 1 November 1963) is an Indian philanthropist and businesswoman, best known as the chairperson of the Reliance Foundation and as a director of Reliance Industries. She is the wife of Mukesh Ambani, chairman and managing director of Reliance Industries.

In 2016, Nita was listed among the “50 High and Mighty Indians” by India Today. The same year, she was included in the list of the most influential women business leaders in Asia by Forbes. 

She also became the first Indian woman to be elected as a member of the International Olympic Committee (IOC) in 2016. 

Nita served as a co-chair and board member of the Mumbai Academy of the Moving Image during the sponsorship of the organisation by Jio from 2015 to 2024.

In 2023, she launched the Nita Mukesh Ambani Cultural Centre in Mumbai.

## Career 
### Reliance Foundation 
In 2010, Nita Ambani founded the Reliance Foundation, the philanthropic arm of Reliance Industries.

## Controversies 
#### IPL spot-fixing case (2013): 
During the 2013 investigation into betting and spot-fixing in the Indian Premier League, media reports said that her son was questioned by the Mumbai Police.

## Personal life 
Nita Ambani married Mukesh Ambani in 1985, and they have three children – twins Akash and Isha, and Anant. The Ambani family resides in South Mumbai in Antilia, one of the world's most expensive private residences.

## Awards and recognition 
Nita Ambani received the Rashtriya Khel Protsahan Award in 2017 from Ram Nath Kovind, who was the President of India at that time.

She also received the Best Corporate Supporter of Indian Sports award from The Times of India.

## Related pages 
* Mumbai Indians

## References
Faridollah Adib Ahein

**Faridollah Adib Ahein** (born **Faridullah Adeeb Ayan**; November 7, 1965) is an Afghanistan visual artist, critic, and painter. He is known for his painting work, canvas work, and abstract expressionism.

## Early life
Ahein was born in Herat. His father, Azizuollah, was a rank-and-file officer. His mother was a teacher. During the Afghanistan Civil War, Ahein and his family immigrated to Iran, where he studied painting.

## References
## Other websites
Sytze van der Zee

**Sytze van der Zee** (25 July 1939 – 5 November 2024) was a Dutch writer and journalist.

Van der Zee was the editor-in-chief of *Het Parool* from 1988 to 1996. As a writer he wrote extensively about the World War II, including *25.000 landverraders: de SS in Nederland, Nederland in de SS* (1967) about the Dutch people who fought on the German side during the war. Other notable of his books are *De overkant. Mijn jaren bij Het Parool* (1998) about his fight against the cuts at *Het Parool* and *Harer Majesteits loyaalste onderdaan* (2015). Videoland made a television series about his book *Anatomie van een seriemoordenaar - het beest van Harkstede* (2006).

Van der Zee died from metastatic lung cancer on 5 November 2024, at the age of 85.

## References
Girijashankar Sundaresan

**Girijashankar Sundaresan** is an Indian Carnatic music vocalist based in Chennai. He is a disciple of Chitravina Narasimhan and N. Ravikiran.

Girijashankar began his stage career in 2008 and has since performed at various venues, including The Music Academy, Mylapore Fine Arts Club, and Vani Mahal in Chennai, as well as at festivals in India and internationally. His performances have also included events like the Cleveland Tyagaraja Aradhana and Shruti Laya music festivals in the United States.

In addition to his performances, Girijashankar has curated and presented several musical projects, including Marga, a Journey, which explores devotional compositions by various composers. He has also organized the Concert for Autism, an event aimed at using music as a therapeutic tool for children with autism and their families.

Girijashankar has collaborated with dancer Vyjayanthimala on multiple projects, contributing music to her dance productions such as Nava Vidha Rama Bhakti and Kaisika Puranam. He has also been involved in recording projects like Vintage Virtuosos, a presentation of Ottukkadu Venkata Kavi’s Saptaratnas, and has released singles based on devotional poetry, including Entahadayya by Basava and Pushpa Ki Abhilasha by Makhanlal Chaturvedi. 

As a music educator, Girijashankar conducts workshops and teaches Carnatic music to students in India and North America. He has worked with institutions such as the Learn Quest Academy of Music in Boston.

Girijashankar has received several awards, including Best Individual Performer from The Music Academy in 2019 and Yuva Kala Bharathi from Bharat Kalachar in 2017. He is married to Rajya Rajan.

## References
John Morris (American actor)

**John Morris** (born August 22, 1989), is an American voice actor. He is best known for his role as the voice of Andy Davis in the *Toy Story* films.
Yahya Awang

Tan Sri **Yahya bin Awang** (born 7 September 1950) is a heart and chest surgeon from Malaysia. He was born to Awang Hassan, who was the governor of Pulau Pinang from 1981 to 1989, and Khadijah Abdul Rahman, the sister of Ismail Abdul Rahman, Malaysia’s 2nd Deputy Prime Minister. Yahya performed two heart surgeries on Mahathir Mohamad: one in 1989 and another in 2007.

## References
Clockstoppers

***Clockstoppers*** is a 2002 American science fiction action-comedy movie released by Paramount Pictures and Nickelodeon Movies. The film stars Jesse Bradford, Paula Garcés, French Stewart, and Michael Biehn. It was directed by Jonathan Frakes and was released in theaters on March 29, 2002.

## Plot
The story follows Zak Gibbs, a teenager who discovers a mysterious wristwatch among his father's various inventions called Hypertime, which allows Zak's molecules to speed up to the point where the world seems to be standing still. Along the way, Zak finds himself on the run from agents of the Quantum Tech (QT) Corporation, an evil organization which created the devices, and teams up with a beautiful Venezuelan girl named Francesca and a scientist named Earl Dopler, a colleague of Zak's father, and embark on a mission to stop the company's CEO named Henry Gates, who plans to use the technology to dominate the world.

## Cast
* Jesse Bradford as Zak Gibbs, a teenage boy who finds a time-stopping watch.
* Paula Garcés as Francesca, a Venezuelan girl who moves to Zak's town.
* French Stewart as Earl Dopler, a scientist that was unwillingly brought back into the services of QT Corporation.
** Miko Hughes as young Earl Dopler
* Michael Biehn as Henry Gates, the CEO of QT Corporation.
* Robin Thomas as Dr. George Gibbs, a scientist who is the father of Zak and the colleague of Earl Dopler.
* Garikayi Mutambirwa as Meeker, Zak's best friend.
* Julia Sweeney as Jennifer "Jenny" Gibbs, the mother of Zak.
* Lindze Letherman as Kelly Gibbs, the younger sister of Zak.
* Grant Marvin as Prof. Jenning
* Jason George as Richard, an agent who works for Henry.
* Linda Kim as Jay, a silent agent who works for Henry.
* Ken Jenkins as Moore, an agent of the NSA
* Jonathan Frakes (*uncredited cameo*) as a bystander
* Judi M. Durand as the uncredited voice of the Q.T. Computer
* Jenette Goldstein as Doctor
* DJ Swamp as himself

## References
Con Power

**Captain Con Power** (born 1952 or 1953 – 3 November 2024) was an Irish show jumper. He has been described as "legendary" He won many other awards between 1976 and 1979.

## References
Siyal people Location, Claim, Synonyms, Surname.

## Location in India
The [Siyal](https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siyal_(caste)) people are found in Bihar, western Odisha, Cochin, Mysore Madras, Travancore, Rajputana Baroda, west Bengal, and Rajasthan.

## Synonyms
* Sivals 
* Siolo
* Khajuria
* Sial 
* Siali 
* Siala 
* Sundhi (in some areas of western Odisha) 

## Past occupations in Western Odisha (koshal)
Sial are occupationally wine Sellers and toddy sellers.

## Present occupations in western Odisha (koshal)
Most of the cultivators and some have their land. and few of them engage in services and business.

## Surname of Siyal in western Odisha (koshal)
* Behera
* Rout

## References
David Filo

**David Robert Filo** (born April 20, 1966) is an American businessman and philanthropist best known as the co-founder of Yahoo! Inc., one of the pioneering web services and search engines of the early internet era. Filo’s work alongside Jerry Yang was instrumental in shaping Yahoo into a globally recognized internet company during the 1990s and 2000s.

## Related pages 
* Yahoo!
* Jerry Yang
* Stanford University
* Verizon Communications

## References 
## Other websites 
* Yahoo! official website
* Stanford School of Engineering
Yahoo! Inc.

**Yahoo! Inc.** is an American web services provider and a subsidiary of Apollo Global Management. Founded in January 1994 by Jerry Yang and David Filo, Yahoo was one of the early pioneers of the internet and played a central role in popularizing web search, email, and online news. Throughout the late 1990s and early 2000s, Yahoo grew to become one of the largest web portals and media companies worldwide, offering a range of services from search to financial news.

## History 
Yahoo was founded by Jerry Yang and David Filo, who were graduate students at Stanford University. Originally created as "Jerry and David's Guide to the World Wide Web," it served as a directory of other websites organized by categories. The guide quickly became popular, and in 1995, it was incorporated as Yahoo! Inc.

Yahoo’s unique blend of search functionality and web directory made it one of the most visited sites on the internet during the 1990s, as users relied on its curated approach to finding websites and information online.

## Related pages 
* Jerry Yang
* David Filo
* AOL
* Google

## References 
## Other websites 
* Official Yahoo website
* Apollo Global Management website
2022 Kids' Choice Awards

The '''2022 Kids' Choice Awards''' was the 35th annual event of the Nickelodeon Kids' Choice Awards. It was held on April 9, 2022 at the Barker Hangar in Santa Monica, California. It was broadcast live on Nickelodeon. Rob Gronkowski, former NFL player, and actress Miranda Cosgrove co-hosted the event.

## Overview 
The Kids' Choice Awards, organized by Nickelodeon, is an annual event that celebrates children's favorites in movies, television, music, sports, and other entertainment fields. It is known for its unique orange blimp trophies and famous slime moments. The show allows young viewers to vote for their top choices in various categories.

## Nominations and voting 
Nominees for the 2022 Kids' Choice Awards were announced on March 9, 2022. Voting took place on Nickelodeon's website and social media platforms. Kids worldwide could participate in choosing the winners. The voting covered a range of categories, including "Favorite Movie," "Favorite Animated Series," "Favorite Male Artist," "Favorite Female TV Star," and more. 

## Winners and highlights
*Spider-Man: No Way Home* was a significant winner, taking home the "Favorite Movie" award. Olivia Rodrigo won for "Favorite Female Artist." The event included special slime moments, live musical performances, and appearances by popular stars such as Jack Harlow and Kid Cudi.

The show was notable for its interactive elements. Audiences at home and in the arena could vote in real-time and influence certain outcomes during the show.

## Performances 
Musical performances were a highlight of the night. Kid Cudi and Jack Harlow performed live sets. The vibrant performances and stage effects kept the young audience engaged and contributed to the high-energy atmosphere the Kids' Choice Awards are known for.

## Slime moments 
True to tradition, the 2022 event featured multiple slime moments where celebrities were unexpectedly slimed, much to the amusement of the audience. These iconic moments are a staple of the Kids' Choice Awards. Each year, there are new, creative ways to surprise stars with the famous green slime.

## Reception and viewership 
The 2022 Kids' Choice Awards garnered attention for its lively performances, star-studded appearances, and fan-driven voting. Viewer reception was positive. The event maintained Nickelodeon’s tradition of engaging family-friendly entertainment.

The ceremony was praised for being inclusive and for offering kids a platform to participate in the entertainment industry through their votes and interactions.

## References
Inauguration of Donald Trump

**Inauguration of Donald Trump** may refer to:
* First inauguration of Donald Trump, 2017
* Second inauguration of Donald Trump, 2025
Second inauguration of Donald Trump

The **inauguration of Donald Trump** as the 47th president of the United States marked the beginning of Donald Trump's second and final term as president and JD Vance's only term as vice president.

The ceremony took place on Monday, January 20, 2025, inside the United States Capitol rotunda in Washington, D.C. The event was the 60th presidential inauguration.

Supreme Court Associate Justice Brett Kavanaugh administered the oath of office to JD Vance. Chief Justice John Roberts administered the oath of office to Donald Trump. Trump's wife, Melania, held two Bibles for Trump to place his left hand on while reciting the oath, in accordance with custom, but he did not do so. This is merely a tradition; incoming presidents are not required to place their hand on the Bibles.

Former United States Presidents Bill Clinton, George W. Bush, Barack Obama and Joe Biden, former Vice Presidents Dan Quayle and Mike Pence and Kamala Harris, former Secretary of State Hillary Clinton, all members of the Supreme Court of the United States, some billionaires, including Mark Zuckerberg, Jeff Bezos, Tim Cook, Sundar Pichai, Elon Musk and different foreign representatives, including Javier Milei of Argentina, Giorgia Meloni of Italy, Daniel Noboa of Ecuador and Han Zheng of China attended the inauguration.

Trump's inauguration marked the first time in U.S. history that a president-elect formally welcomes foreign leaders to the ceremony.

## References
Bernie Moreno

**Bernardo Francisco Moreno Mejía (**born February 14, 1967) is an American businessman and politician who is the senior United States Senator from Ohio since 2025. He was the Republican nominee in the 2024 election, beating Democratic incumbent Sherrod Brown.

Moreno was born in Bogotá, Colombia. When Moreno was five, his family moved to Fort Lauderdale, Florida, where he was raised. Moreno became a U.S. citizen at age 18.

## References
## Other websites
* Campaign website
*
Tim Sheehy (American politician)

**Timothy Patrick Sheehy** (born November 18, 1985) is an American former Navy SEAL, aerial firefighter, businessman and politician who is the junior United States Senator from Montana since 2025. He is a member of the Republican Party.

He founded Bridger Aerospace. In 2023, Sheehy published a memoir,  *Mudslingers: A True Story of Aerial Firefighting.* 

Sheehy was the Republican nominee for the U.S. Senate in 2024. He won the election in November 2024, beating Democratic incumbent Senator Jon Tester.

## References
Kelly Armstrong

**Kelly Michael Armstrong** (born October 8, 1976) is an American lawyer and politician who is the 34th Governor of North Dakota since 2024. Before, he represented North Dakota's at-large congressional district in the United States House of Representatives from 2019 to 2024. He is a member of the Republican Party

On January 23, 2024, he announced he would not seek re-election to the House, and would instead run for governor in the 2024 election. Armstrong won the Republican primary on June 11, 2024, and ran against Democratic nominee Merrill Piepkorn in the general election. He won the election in November 2024.

## References
## Other websites
* Congressman Kelly Armstrong  official U.S. House website
*Kelly Armstrong for Congress official campaign site
*
*Profile at the North Dakota Legislature
*
Julie Fedorchak

**Julie Fedorchak** (née **Liffrig**; born 1968) is an American politician who is the member of the U.S. House of Representatives for North Dakota's at-large congressional district since 2025. She was a member of the North Dakota Public Service Commission from 2012 to 2025. She was appointed to the commission by Governor Jack Dalrymple. She won re-election to that position three times.

## U.S. House of Representatives
In February 2024, Fedorchak announced her candidacy for the United States House of Representatives in the 2024 election. She ran under the focus of abortion, energy, and agriculture as issues she would focus on as a representative.

Fedorchak's campaign was supported by U.S. Senator John Hoeven, Governor Doug Burgum, and former President Donald Trump. In June 2024, Fedorchak won the Republican nomination with 46% of the vote. She would win the election in November 2024.

## Personal life
Fedorchak was born in Williston, North Dakota in 1968. She graduated from the University of North Dakota. 

Fedorchak is married to Michael Fedorchak and they have three children.

## References
## Other websites
* Official website
* Personal Website
Marise Chamberlain

**Marise Ann Millicent Chamberlain**  (5 December 1935 – 5 November 2024) was a New Zealand middle-distance runner. She set world records over 440 yards, 400 metres and 1 mile.

At the 1962 British Empire and Commonwealth Games, she won a silver medal. Two years later, at the Summer Olympics, she won the bronze medal.

Chamberlain died in Christchurch, New Zealand on 5 November 2024, at the age of 88.

## References
Rachel Hunt

**Rachel Henderson Hunt** (born May 19, 1965) is an American politician serving as the 36th lieutenant governor of North Carolina under Governor Josh Stein since 2025. Before becoming lieutenant governor, she was a member of the North Carolina State Senate from 2023 to 2025. Hunt served in the North Carolina House of Representatives from 2019 to 2023.

She became the first Democrat elected to the lieutenant governor’s office since Walter Dalton in 2012. She the second female lieutenant governor after Bev Perdue. Hunt is also the first Nepalese-American lieutenant governor in the state's history.

Her father was former Governor Jim Hunt.

## References
Video games in the United Kingdom

The ***United Kingdom*** has one of the largest concentrations outside of the United States of video game development studios, and this has naturally led to consistent British representation in video game titles.

## Game Characters from the UK
* GHAddict112 (England)
* UKOGmonkey (England)

## References
Sharda Sinha

**Sharda Sinha** (1 October 1952 – 5 November 2024) was an Indian folk and classical singer. She was called *Bihar Kokila*, the cuckoo of Bihar. 

In 1991, she was honored with the *Padma Shri* award. She was awarded Padma Bhushan in 2018.

Sinha was diagnosed with multiple myeloma in 2017. On 5 November 2024, she was hospitalized in New Delhi, India. She died a few hours later at the age of 72.

## References
Remember the Story

***Remember the Story*** is the fifth studio album by Fireball Ministry. The album was released on October 6, 2017.

## Track listing
## References
Fireball Ministry (album)

***Fireball Ministry*** is the fourth studio album by Fireball Ministry. The album was released on March 16, 2010.

## Track listing
# "Hard Lines" – 4:14
# "Fallen Believers" – 4:37
# "Thought It Out" – 3:17
# "Followed by the Fall" – 3:54
# "Kick Back" – 3:41
# "Butcher, Faker, Policy Maker" – 4:44
# "End of Story" – 4:14
# "Common Enemy" – 4:13
# "Sleeping Angels" – 4:14
# "In Their Own Right" – 3:25

## References
Queer (song)

"**Queer**" is a 1995 song by alternative rock band Garbage and was the second single from their debut studio album *Garbage*. It went to number 13 in the United Kingdom, number 20 in Scotland, number 7 in Iceland, number 55 in Australia and number 37 in New Zealand.

## Track listings
***UK 7-inch Crystal™ sleeve**
# "Queer" – 4:04
# "Queer (The Very Queer Dub Bin) – 5:12

***UK CD 1**
# "Queer" – 4:04
# "Trip My Wire" – 4:29
# "Queer" (The Very Queer Dub Bin) – 5:12
# "Queer" (The Most Beautiful Woman in Town mix) – 5:36

***UK CD 2**
# "Queer" – 4:04
# "Butterfly Collector" – 3:41
# "Queer" (F.T.F.O.I. mix) – 7:17
# "Queer" (Danny Saber mix) – 5:39

***Australia CD/cassette single, Europe CD single**
# "Queer" – 4:05
# "Girl Don't Come" – 2:33
# "Sleep" – 2:31

***France CD single**
# "Queer" – 4:05
# "Queer" (F.T.F.O.I. mix) – 7:17
# "Trip My Wire" – 4:29

*'*UK 12-inch single (*Queer Remixes*)*'
# "Queer" (Rabbit in the Moon Hefty mix) – 9:10
# "Queer" (Danny Saber mix) – 5:39

## References
Colostethus furviventris

***Colostethus furviventris*** is a frog.  It lives in Colombia.

This frog lives on the dead leaves on the ground in cloud forests. Scientists saw the frog 1500 meters above sea level.

One of the places this frog lives is a protected park: Parque Nacional Natural Paramillo.

Scientists do not know if this frog is in danger of dying out.

## References
Pro-Administration party

The **Pro-Administration Party** was a political faction in the early years of the United States, emerging around the time of George Washington's presidency (1789–1797). It was not a political party in the modern sense, but rather a coalition of individuals and groups who supported Washington's administration and its policies. The term "Pro-Administration" is often used to describe those who were generally in favor of the policies put forward by Washington and his key advisors, particularly Secretary of the Treasury Alexander Hamilton.

In fact, the period of Washington's presidency marked a time when political factions began to take shape, even though organized political parties had not yet emerged. "After the passage and ratification of the Constitution and subsequent Bill of Rights, the Legislative Branch began to resemble what it is today. While organized political parties were nonexistent during the presidency of George Washington, informal factions formed between congressmen that were either ‘Pro-Administration’ or ‘Anti-Administration’. After George Washington stepped down as President, the informal coalitions in Congress became officially organized, transforming the ‘Pro-Administration’ faction into the Federalist Party and the ‘Anti-Administration’ faction into the Jeffersonian Party" more known as the "Democratic-Republicans or Anti-Federalists" (The Federalist Party.” *American Battlefield Trust*, www.battlefields.org/learn/articles/federalist-party).

Thus, the Pro-Administration faction became the cornerstone of America's political system, laying the foundation for the Federalist Party and marking the dawn of a new, independent nation.
Chitrali language

**Chitrali language** (Urdu:چترالی زبان) is a Dardic language. It is spoken by 332,200 people.  These people live in the Chitral District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.

## Loanwords
Chitrali language has many loanwords are present from various languages include Arabic, Persian, and Urdu. It also has words from Sanskrit and Ancient Greek.

## Alphabet
The Chitrali alphabet is based on the Arabic alphabet.

## Related pages
*Shina language
*Brokpa tribe

## More reading
* Elena Bashir, (2001) *Spatial Representation in Khowar*. Proceedings of the 36th Annual Meeting of the Chicago Linguistic Society. Chicago: Chicago Linguistic Society.
* Kendall D. Decker, (1992) *Languages of Chitral*   
* Erik L’Homme, (1999) *Parlons Khowar*. Langue et culture de l’ancien royaume de Chitral au Pakistan. Paris: L’Harmattan
* Georg Morgenstierne, (1936) *Iranian Elements in Khowar*. Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies,  Vol. VIII, London.
* Badshah munir Bukhari (2001) *Khowar language*. University publisher.Pakistan
* Georg Morgenstierne, (1947) *Some Features of Khowar Morphology*. Norsk Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap, Vol. XIV, Oslo.
* Georg Morgenstierne, (1957) *Sanskritic Words in Khowar.* Felicitation Volume Presented to S.K. Belvalkar. Benares. 84-98 [Reprinted in Morgenstierne (1973): Irano-Dardica, 267-72]
* Mohammad Ismail Sloan (1981) *Khowar-English Dictionary*. Peshawar. .
## References
Sheriff Callie's Wild West

'''''Sheriff Callie's Wild West''''' is an American CGI-animated children's television series created by George Evelyn, Holly Huckins, and Denis Morella, the creators of Higglytown Heroes, for Disney Junior.

The Theme song is sung by Mandy Moore.

## Overview
The series borrows elements from the Western genre, with the theme of the series revolving around "getting along with each other."

## Synopsis
In the Wild West town of Nice and Friendly Corners, everyone is an anthropomorphic and cute animal. They all get along and are friendly to each other. However, there are times when the townsfolk get into problems or don't get along with each other. The series follows Sheriff Callie, a female calico cat and the sheriff alongside her friends Deputy Peck, a male red woodpecker and keeper of the town jail and Toby, a male saguaro cactus. Together they all solve problems and teach the townsfolk to get along with each other while working hard to make the town the friendliest in the west.

## Cast and Characters
* Mandy Moore as Sheriff Callie and the Theme song singer
* Lucas Grabeel as Adjoint Peck
* Dee Bradley Baker as Sparky
* Jessica DiCicco as Toby & Clementine
* Kevin Michael Richardson as Oncle Bun / Stinky / Dr Wolf
* Mo Collins as Ella / Abigail
* Cree Summer as Priscilla Skunk
* Gary Anthony Williams as Dan / Dusty
* Jeff Bennett as Doc Quackers / Cody / Mr Dillo
Titan Army

**Titan Army** (in Chinese: **泰坦军团**) is a Chinese display technology company that makes computer monitors. It is owned by Shenzhen Century Joint Innovation Technology Co., Ltd., and is based in Shenzhen, China. The company makes and sells products such as computer monitors, LCD TVs, and all-in-one (AIO) systems.

## History
Shenzhen Century Joint Innovation Technology Co., Ltd. started the Titan Army brand in 2014 to focus on making high-performance display products. Soon after, the company partnered with local governments and increased its production in China. By 2015, the company set up a production center in Beihai, and by 2016, it expanded the factory to make one million displays each year.

## Products
Titan Army's monitors for gaming and professional use have special technology, including Fast IPS screens, high refresh rates up to 240Hz, Mini-LED backlighting, and HDR for better picture quality.

In February 2023, Titan Army made a partnership with NetEase Games and launched their co-branded esports monitor, P23H2M. Newer models, like the P27A6R and the P32A2S2, work with adaptive sync for smoother visuals.

## Research and development
Titan Army has a research and development (R&D) center that focuses on new display technology. Key developments include Mini-LED backlighting, blue light filtering, and flicker free displays. Titan Army also adds features like KVM switches and split screen multitasking to improve gaming.

## References
The Sisters of Mercy discography

This is the discography of English gothic rock band the Sisters of Mercy.

## Albums
### Studio albums
### Compilation albums
### Box sets
## Extended plays
## Singles
### Other charting singles 
## Videography
### Video albums
### Music videos
## References
## Other websites
* 
* 
* 
*
Faithless elector laws

**Faithless elector laws** are a kind of laws in the United States of America. Faithless elector laws say that it is against the law for 2 kinds of electors to vote any way but the way the common voters told them they must. Those 2 kinds of electors are: electors for President of the United States of America; and electors for Vice President of the United States of America.

Because faithless electors are not normal, 1 faithless elector's vote may cause a state's whole slate of votes to be thrown away by Congress. 1 reason that faithless elector laws are needed is the chance that 1 faithless elector's vote may cause a state's whole slate of votes to be thrown away by Congress.

## References
I Cried

"**I Cried**" is a popular song, written by Michael Elias and Billy Duke.

The best-selling version was done by Patti Page, reaching #13 on the *Billboard* charts in 1954. Another version by Tommy Leonetti reached #30 the same year. The song reached #18 on the *Cash Box* best-selling record charts in that year.

The song was covered by Eddie Holman in his 1970 album *I Love You*.

## References
The Sisters of Mercy

**The Sisters of Mercy** are an English gothic rock band that started in Leeds in 1980.

They released their first album *First and Last and Always* in 1985, In 1987, they released their second album *Floodland*, post-punk, dark wave and industrial rock.

## Discography
**First and Last and Always* (1985)
**Floodland* (1987)
**Vision Thing* (1990)
## Personnel
### Members
;Current members
* Andrew Eldritch – vocals, keyboards, guitars, drum programming (1980–1985, 1987–present), drums (1980) Doktor Avalanche operator (2023–present)

;Former members
* Gary Marx – guitars (1980–1985), vocals (1980)
* Jon Langford – keyboards (1980)
* Dave Humphrey – guitars (1981)
* Tom Ashton – guitars (1981)
* Craig Adams – bass (1981–1985)
* Ben Gunn – guitars (1981–1983)
* Wayne Hussey – guitars, backing vocals (1983–1985)
* Patricia Morrison – bass, backing vocals (1987–1989)
* Andreas Bruhn – guitars (1989–1993)
* Tony James – bass (1989–1991)
* Tim Bricheno – guitars (1990–1992)
* Adam Pearson – guitars, backing vocals, bass (1993–2006)
* Chris Sheehan – guitars, backing vocals (1996, 2000–2005)
* Mike Varjak – guitars (1997–2000)
* Dylan Smith – guitars, bass, backing vocals (2019–2023)

;Former touring musicians
* Dan Donovan – keyboards (1990–1991)
* Simon Denbigh – Doktor Avalanche operator (1996–2012)
* Ravey Davey – Doktor Avalanche operator (1996; 2008; 2012–2023)

### Timeline
### Line-ups
## References
## Other websites
* 
* Official UK website
* The Sisters of Mercy history
Federal prosecution of Donald Trump (election obstruction case)

***United States of America v. Donald J. Trump*** is a pending federal criminal case against Donald Trump, the president of the United States from 2017 to 2021 and 2025 to present. This case is about his attempts to overturn the 2020 U.S. presidential election and his actions in the January6 Capitol attack.

## Charges
On August1, 2023, a grand jury indicted Trump in the District of Columbia U.S. District Court on four charges for his role after the 2020 presidential election through the January6 Capitol attack. They charged him with conspiracy to defraud the United States, obstructing an official proceeding and conspiracy to stop an official proceeding under the Sarbanes–Oxley Act of 2002, and conspiracy against rights under the Enforcement Act of 1870. 

It is Trump's third indictment and the first indictment against a U.S. president about actions while in office. Trump appeared at court on August3, where he pleaded not guilty. The charge with the longest sentence carries a maximum of 20 years in prison.

## References
Nonna Bannister

**Nonna Bannister** (), was an American writer of Jewish origins from Eurasia who survived the Holocaust in Ukraine with her mother at age 9, when she began writing her diary. She was a famed Holocaust survivor.

During her time in the labor camp, she wrote papers documenting various kinds of atrocities. When she immigrated from Germany to the U.S. in 1950, she had her papers published as a memoir in 2009.

## Biography 
**Nonna Bannister** was born on . Yevgeny died during the outbreak of war, and brother Anatoly was never seen again after arriving in Riga, to avoid being drafted into the war. In 1942, Bannister and her mother Anna Ljachsova had little choice but to volunteer on a Ostarbeiter transport that left for work in Germany. By 1943, Bannister worked in a prison hospital treating war prisoners. During this time, Bannister began writing papers of her experiences in the labor camp, which she kept hidden in a ticking pillow cloth strapped to her back, during WWII. Meanwhile, in search for his family, brother Anatoly had returned back home to Santurinowka and died under aerial bombardment of the village. Bannister believed her mother perished in Flossenbürg village. Actually, she did survive, but the two never met again.
Some of her family members back home survived the war.

After Bannister boarded a ship, and arrived in the United States, she attended university. During her time in the university, she met her husband H.Bannister. They later had three children together. Nonna spent time translating her papers, and editing them for publication, and she died in Jackson, Tennessee, on  from hallucinations.

Some of her family relatives had her memoir published as a book, Secret Holocaust Diaries: The Untold Story of Nonna Bannister in April of 2009. It was published by Tyndale House. The publication helped Bannister's children connect with her surviving family relatives and their descendants in eastern Ukraine.
Battle of Roncevaux Pass

The **Battle of Roncevaux Pass** was a confrontation that took place on August 15, 778, in the Pyrenees near the Roncevaux Pass (present-day border between France and Spain). The battle is famous for the death of Roland, the commander of the Frankish rearguard, which has been mythologized in the epic poem *The Song of Roland*.

## Background 
The battle occurred during Charlemagne's campaign into the Iberian Peninsula. Charlemagne had been invited by local Muslim leaders in al-Andalus to intervene against the Umayyad Emirate of Córdoba. However, the campaign did not achieve its intended objectives, and Charlemagne’s army began a retreat back into Frankish territory.

As the army moved through the narrow Roncevaux Pass in the Pyrenees, the Frankish rearguard, led by Roland, was ambushed by local Basque forces.

## The battle 
The Basques, using their knowledge of the terrain, launched a surprise attack on Charlemagne's rearguard. The narrow pass limited the Frankish soldiers' ability to maneuver and respond effectively. In the ensuing battle, the Franks suffered heavy casualties, and Roland was killed.

The Basque forces succeeded in plundering the Frankish baggage train, and the ambush caused a significant setback for Charlemagne’s campaign. The Basque leaders who orchestrated the attack remain unknown.

## Aftermath 
The battle was a notable defeat for Charlemagne and became legendary in medieval European literature. Roland’s heroism was immortalized in *The Song of Roland*, which turned the historical battle into a symbol of Christian chivalry and valor against overwhelming odds.

The defeat at Roncevaux Pass exposed the challenges of extended campaigns in foreign territories and the difficulties of controlling mountain passes.

## Legacy 
The Battle of Roncevaux Pass has had a lasting cultural impact, inspiring one of the oldest surviving major works of French literature, *The Song of Roland*. Roland's character became an icon of loyalty and bravery, and the battle was celebrated in songs and tales across medieval Europe.

## Related pages 
* Charlemagne
* *The Song of Roland*
* Basques
* Pyrenees

## References 
## Other websites 
* Battle of Roncevaux Pass at Encyclopædia Britannica
Umayyad Emirate of Córdoba

The **Umayyad Emirate of Córdoba** (, *Imārat Qurṭuba*) was an independent Muslim emirate established in al-Andalus (present-day Spain and Portugal) by Abd al-Rahman I in 756. The emirate marked a significant period in Islamic and Iberian history, laying the groundwork for the future Caliphate of Córdoba, which would later become a center of cultural, scientific, and economic prosperity in Medieval Europe.

## History 
Following the Umayyad Caliphate's overthrow by the Abbasid Caliphate in 750, Abd al-Rahman I, the last surviving Umayyad prince, escaped to al-Andalus. Arriving in 756, he seized control of Córdoba, proclaiming himself emir and establishing the Umayyad Emirate of Córdoba as a separate entity from the Abbasids in Baghdad. This created an independent Muslim state in al-Andalus, ushering in centuries of Muslim rule in the Iberian Peninsula.

## References
Helen Whately

**Helen Olivia Bicknell Whately** (*née* **Lightwood**; born 23 June 1976) is a British Conservative Party politician. She has been a Member of Parliament (MP) for Faversham and Mid Kent since 2015. Whately has been the Shadow Secretary of State for Transport since July 2024.

She was the Minister of State for Social Care from October 2022 to July 2024. She was in this role before from 2020 to 2021. She also was Exchequer Secretary to the Treasury from 2021 to 2022. 

## References