open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Wilhelm Killmayer

**Wilhelm Killmayer** (21 August 1927 – 20 August 2017) was a German composer of classical music, a conductor and an academic teacher of composition at the Hochschule für Musik und Theater München from 1973 to 1992. 

He composed symphonies and song cycles on poems by Friedrich Hölderlin, Joseph von Eichendorff, Georg Trakl and Peter Härtling, among others.

Killmayers first composition was *Lorca-Romanzen* after Federico García Lorca, premiered at the Donaueschingen Festival. In 1954 he composed a Missa brevis, which was recorded and reviewed:Young (29) Munich-born Composer Wilhelm Killmayer's Missa Brevis ripples with exciting, shifting rhythms and rises skillfully to a colorful series of blasting choral climaxes occasionally more reminiscent of the bandstand than the choir.

## References
Cautín Province

The **Cautín Province** () is one of two provinces of the Chilean region of Araucanía (IX). The provincial capital is the city of Temuco.

## Geography
The Cautín province is in the southern half of the Araucanía region with an area of .

The average amount of precipitation for the year in Temuco is . The month with the most precipitation on average is June with  of precipitation. The month with the least precipitation on average is January with an average of .

The average temperature for the year in Temuco is . The warmest month, on average, is January with an average temperature of . The coolest month on average is July, with an average temperature of .

## Population
 (last national census), there were 667,920 people living in the province, giving it a population density of  inhabitants/km². The urban population was 449,147 persons ( of the total population).

The largest city of the province, in 2002, is its capital, Temuco, with 227,086 inhabitants. Other cities are Padre Las Casas (33,697 inhabitants) and Villarrica (27,408 inhabitants).

## Administration
As a province, Cautín is a second-level administrative division, consisting of 21 communes (*comunas*). The city of Temuco serves as the provincial capital. The province is administered by a governor.

## Related pages
* Provinces of Chile

## References
## Other websites
* Territorial division of Chile 
* Gobierno Regional de la Araucanía  Official website 
* Province of Cautín website
Jim Whelan

**Jim Whelan** (November 8, 1948 – August 22, 2017) was an American Democratic Party politician. He served in the New Jersey State Senate where he represented the 2nd Legislative District, from January 8, 2008, until his death.

Whelan died at age 68 of a heart attack as complications from kidney surgery on August 22, 2017 in Atlantic City, New Jersey. 

## References
Gordon Williams (writer)

**Gordon Maclean Williams** (20 June 1934 &ndash; 20 August 2017) was a Scottish author. He was born in Paisley, Renfrewshire. He wrote for television and was the author of more than 20 novels, including *From Scenes Like These* (1969), shortlisted for the Booker Prize in 1969, ''Walk Don't Walk* (1972) and *Big Morning Blues* (1974). Other novels include *The Camp* (1966), *The Man Who Had Power Over Women* (1967) and *The Upper Pleasure Garden* (1970).

He was a ghostwriter for the autobiographies of association footballers Bobby Moore, Terry Venables and manager Tommy Docherty.

In 1971, his novel *The Siege of Trencher's Farm* was controversially filmed as *Straw Dogs*. 

Williams died on 20 August 2017 in Glasgow, Scotland at the age of 83.

## References
## Other websites
* 
* D. J. Taylor, "Gordon who?" (interview), *The Guardian'', 22 October 2003.
Greg Evers

**Robert Gregory "Greg" Evers** (June 16, 1955 &ndash; August 21, 2017) was a Republican American politician. He served as a member of the Florida Senate from 2010 to 2016, representing parts of Northwest Florida. Before to his election to the Senate, he served as a member of the Florida House of Representatives, representing the 1st District from 2001 to 2010.

Evers was killed in a car crash on August 21, 2017, near his home in Baker, Florida, aged 62.

## References
Dean Rusk

**David Dean Rusk ** (February 9, 1909 &ndash; December 20, 1994) was an American politician. He served as the United States Secretary of State from 1961 to 1969 under presidents John F. Kennedy and Lyndon B. Johnson. Rusk is the second-longest serving U.S. Secretary of State of all time, behind only Cordell Hull and tied with William H. Seward.

As Secretary of State he believed in the use of military action to combat communism. On March 24, 1961, Rusk released a brief statement saying his delegation was to travel to Bangkok and the SEATO nations' responsibility should be considered if peace settlements are not realized.

In 1964, Rusk said the US would not be pushed out of the Gulf of Tonkin and that the prevention of it becoming a "communist lake" would be assured by the continued presence of American forces there. 

During his later years, Rusk showed his support of Richard Nixon and his handling of the Cold War. 

Rusk died of heart failure in Athens, Georgia on December 20, 1994, at the age of 85.

## References
Tom Pritchard

**Thomas Leslie "Tom" Pritchard** (10 March 1917 &ndash; 22 August 2017) was a New Zealand cricketer. He was born in Kaupokonui, Taranaki, New Zealand.

Pritchard played most of his first-class cricket in England. Pritchard was a genuinely fast right-arm bowler and a useful lower order right-handed batsman who played in several matches for Wellington before the Second World War. He said in 2013 that his 1939 memories of a game at the Basin Reserve and of playing for his country were still strong.   

In March 2017 he became only the third New Zealand first-class cricketer, after John Wheatley and Syd Ward, to reach 100 years of age.

Pritchard died at the age of 100 on 22 August 2017 in Levin, New Zealand of pneumonia-related complications.

## References
Roberto Gottardi

video on conservation of the National Schools of Art|thumb|300px]]
**Roberto Gottardi** (30 January 1927 – 21 August 2017) was an Italian architect. He was known for designing buildings across Cuba in the aftermath of the Cuban Revolution. He designed the National Art Schools, which was commissioned by Fidel Castro.

## References
## Other websites
* ''Roberto Gottardi's National art school - Paradise lost?'' , Cuba Absolutely Magazine, February 2008 - retrieved 03-03-11
Jerzy Leśniak

**Jerzy Leśniak** (August 14, 1957 &ndash; August 20, 2017) was a Polish journalist and historian. He was born in Nowy Sącz, Poland.

His best-known book, *Encyklopedia Sądecka* (published in 2000, co-authored with Augustyn Leśniak and Karol Leśniak), has been so far the most comprehensive source and compendium of the region's history, as well as personal biographies and rare illustrations. He was also an editor-in-chief of a weekly regional magazine "Echo" and a quarterly "Nowy Sącz". During the years 2003-2006 he was a spokesman of the president of the city of Nowy Sącz.

Leśniak died in Warsaw, Poland on August 20, 2017 of a heart attack at the age of 60.

## References
Mirosława Litmanowicz

**Mirosława Litmanowicz** (**Mirosława Kałęcka**; 6 September 1928 &ndash; 18 August 2017) was a Polish chess player. She won the Polish Women's Chess Championship in 1968 and the FIDE Woman International Master in 1967. She was born in Warsaw.

Litmanowicz died on 18 August 2017 at the age of 89.

## References
## Other websites
* Profile: Mirosława Litmanowicz
John Abercrombie (guitarist)

**John Laird Abercrombie** (December 16, 1944 – August 22, 2017) was an American jazz guitarist, composer and bandleader. 

His work explored jazz fusion, post bop, free jazz and avant-garde jazz. Abercrombie studied at Berklee College of Music in Boston, Massachusetts. He recorded his debut album, *Timeless* with Manfred Eicher's ECM label, and recorded principally with this label since then. Abercrombie played with Billy Cobham, Ralph Towner, Jack DeJohnette, Charles Lloyd, Michael Brecker and Randy Brecker. He was known for his spare, understated and eclectic style and his work with organ trios.

Abercrombie died of heart failure in Cortland, New York on 22 August 2017 at the age of 72.

## References
Joe Klein (baseball executive)

**Joseph Anthony Klein III** (August 22, 1942 — August 23, 2017) was an American professional baseball executive. He was born in Baltimore, Maryland.

Klein was the executive director of the Atlantic League of Professional Baseball, an independent circuit that operates in the Northeast United States. Klein was a farm director, scouting director, and general manager in Major League Baseball from 1976 through 1995.

Klein served as the baseball executive for the Texas Rangers, Cleveland Indians, and Detroit Tigers.

Klein died on August 23, 2017 at a hospital in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania from complications of heart surgery at the age of 75.

## References
Lateef Raji

**Lateef Oludare Raji** (12 October 1962 – 14 August 2017) was a Nigerian politician. He was the former special adviser on Information and Strategy to former Lagos State Governor, Babatunde Raji Fashola. He was also a commissioner to former Lagos state Governor Bola Tinubu.

Raji was a serving member of the Lagos State Independent Electoral Commission committee (LASIEC) before his death.

Raji died of throat cancer at his home in Magodo, Nigeria on 14 August 2017 at the age of 54.

## References
Jay Van Andel

in 1975]]
**Jay Van Andel** (June 3, 1924 – December 7, 2004) was an American businessman and billionaire. He was best known as co-founder of the Amway Corporation, along with Richard DeVos. He was born in Grand Rapids, Michigan.

He also served as chairman of the U.S. Chamber of Commerce from 1979 to 1980 and later as a member of its Senior Council from 1980 to 1985.

He was also known for funding religious missions and conservative political causes, including the Republican Party.

Van Andel was a member of the Christian Reformed Church in North America. He died of Parkinson's disease in Ada Township, Michigan on December 7, 2004, at the age of 80.

## References
Amway

]]

**Amway** (short for "American Way"; ) is an American company specializing in the use of multi-level marketing to sell health, beauty, and home care products. Amway and its sister companies under Alticor reported sales of $9.5 billion in 2015.

It conducts business through a number of affiliated companies in more than a hundred countries and territories. Amway was ranked No. 29 among the largest privately held companies in the United States by *Forbes* in 2015 based on revenue, and No. 1 among multi-level marketing companies by *Direct Selling News* in 2016.

It was founded in 1959 by Jay Van Andel and Richard DeVos and is based in Ada Township, Michigan.

## References
Joe Klein

in 2016]]
**Joe Klein** (born September 7, 1946) is an American political columnist, writer, critic, historian and journalist. He works for *Time* magazine and is known for his novel *Primary Colors*.

Klein is currently a member of the Council on Foreign Relations and is a former Guggenheim Fellow. He has also written articles and book reviews for *The New Republic*, *The New York Times*, *The Washington Post*, *Life*, and *Rolling Stone*.

Klein was born in New York City to a Jewish family. He was raised in New York City and in New Rochelle, New York. Klein studied at the University of Pennsylvania. In 1967, he married Janet Eklund. They divorced in 1975. They had 2 children. He is now married to Victoria Kaunitz. They have two children.

## References
## Other websites
* 
* Time Magazine columnist profile
*
*
*
Malleco Province

The **Malleco Province** () is one of two provinces of the Chilean region of Araucanía (IX). The provincial capital is the city of Angol.

## Geography
The Malleco province is in the northern half of the Araucanía region with an area of .

## Population
 (last national census), there were 201,615 people living in the province, giving it a population density of  inhabitants/km². The urban population was 139,261 persons ( of the total population).

The largest city of the province, in 2002, is its capital, Angol, with 43,801 inhabitants.

## Administration
As a province, Malleco is a second-level administrative division, consisting of 11 communes (*comunas*). The city of Angol serves as the provincial capital. The province is administered by a governor.

## Related pages
* Provinces of Chile

## References
## Other websites
* Territorial division of Chile 
* Gobierno Regional de la Araucanía  Official website 
* Province of Malleco website
Troisdorf

**Troisdorf** is a town in the Rhein-Sieg-Kreis (district) in the state of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

It is  south of Cologne and  northeast of Bonn.

## Twin cities
*  Évry, Essonne, Île-de-France, France, since  1972
*  Genk, Limburg, Belgium since 1990
*  Heidenau, Saxony, Germany, since  1990
*  Redcar and Cleveland, England, United Kingdom, since  1990
*  Corfu, Greece, since 1996
*  Nantong, Jiangsu, China, since 1997
*  Mušutište, Serbia since 2001
*  Özdere, Turkey since 2004

## References
## Other websites
* Official Website
Kirtland, Ohio

**Kirtland** is a city in Lake County, Ohio, United States. The population was 6,937 at the 2020 census. Kirtland was the headquarters of the Latter Day Saints movement from 1831–1838.

## References
Alain Berbérian

**Alain Berbérian** (; July 2, 1953 – August 22, 2017) was a French movie director and screenwriter. He was born in Beirut, Lebanon. He was known for directing *La Cité de la peur*, *Le Boulet*, and *The Corsican File*. He was also known writing the screenplay of *Paparazzi*.

Berbérian died on August 22, 2017 at the age of 63.

## References
## Other websites
*
Cock Lane

**Cock Lane** is a small street in Smithfield, London which runs east to Giltspur Street and west to Snow Hill.

It was known as *Cokkes Lane* during the Middle Ages - when the lane was known for its legal brothels. However, it is most well known for the ghost that is said to be around the area since 1762. It is also known for being where Christian preacher and writer John Bunyan died of a fever in 1688.

The junction between this lane and Giltspur Street marks an area known as Pye Corner which serves as a marker for the furthest reach of the Great Fire of London. A monument, the Golden Boy of Pye Corner, marks this location.

## References
Heinz Lieven

**Heinz Lieven** (born April 18, 1928) is a German actor. He was born in Hamburg, Germany. His career began in the 1950s. Lieven made his international movie debut in Aleksandar Petrovic's *Group Portrait with Lady* and played a former SS Officer named Aloise Lange in the 2011 movie *This Must Be the Place*.

## References
## Other websites
*
Rachna Khatau

**Rachna Khatau** (born 29 January 1981) is an British-American actress, singer and television host. She is known for her role as Sondra in the Freeform sitcom *Baby Daddy* appearing in the series from 2013 through 2017. As a singer, Rachna was previously signed to a record deal with a subsidiary label of Universal Records. She has hosted live shows and worked as a red carpet correspondent for *Extra*.

Khatau was born in London, England. She was raised in Chicago, Illinois.

## References
## Other websites
* 
* 
*
Toni Preckwinkle

**Toni Preckwinkle** (née Reed; March 17, 1947) is an American politician. She is the current Cook County Board President and a former alderman in the Chicago City Council representing Chicago's 4th ward in Cook County, Illinois, United States.

She was elected on November 2, 2010, as President of the Cook County Board, the Executive Branch of Cook County government. Preckwinkle first sought office in 1983 and was defeated twice before securing election in 1991 and being re-elected as alderman four times.

On September 20, 2018, Preckwinkle announced her candidacy for Mayor of Chicago in the 2019 election to replace Rahm Emanuel. She advanced to the runoff election on April 2. She was defeated by Lightfoot by nearly 50%.

## References
## Other websites
*Cook County Board President Toni Preckwinkle 
*Campaign website
*Full coverage at the *Chicago Tribune*
Amelyn Veloso

**Amelyn Jean Veloso** (April 25, 1974 &ndash; September 25, 2020) She was the anchor of morning show New Day, Morning Newsroom, and public service program Serbisyo All Access. She was born in Cebu City, Philippines.

She was a co-anchor of *Solar Daybreak* from 7 January 2013 until her death in 2017. until 2014. 

On September 25, 2020, Veloso died due to complications from liver cancer in Manila at the age of 46.

## References
## Other websites
*
Michał Żebrowski

**Michał Jan Żebrowski** (born 17 June 1972) is a Polish actor and dramatist. He owns the theater 6 Piętro.

Żebrowski was born in Warsaw, Poland.

## References
## Other websites
*
Lorain, Ohio

**Lorain**  is a city in Lorain County, Ohio, United States. The city is located in northeastern Ohio on Lake Erie. It is about 30 miles west of Cleveland. As of the 2020 census, the city had a total population of 65,211, making it Ohio's ninth largest city, the third largest in Greater Cleveland, and the largest in Lorain County by population.

## References
Jason Clarke

**Jason Clarke** (born 17 July 1969) is an Australian actor. 

Clarke is known for playing Tommy Caffee on the television series *Brotherhood*. He has also appeared in many movies such as *Death Race* (2008), *Public Enemies* (2009), *Zero Dark Thirty* (2013), *White House Down* (2013), *Dawn of the Planet of the Apes* (2014), *Terminator Genisys* (2015), *Everest* (2015), *Chappaquiddick* (2017), and *Oppenheimer* (2023).

## References
## Other websites
*
Emlain Kabua

, designed by Kabua.]]
**Emlain Kabua** (born February 1928 – 11 April 2023) was a Marshallese artist and political figure. She was the First Lady of the Marshall Islands and the wife of Marshallese President Amata Kabua. Kabua served as the first First Lady of the Marshall Islands from 1979 until 1996.

She is known for being the designer of the Flag of the Marshall Islands.

Kabua died on 11 April 2023, at the age of 95.

## References
Flag of the Marshall Islands

The **flag of the Marshall Islands**, an island nation in the Pacific, was adopted upon the start of self-government, May 1, 1979. The flag was designed by Emlain Kabua, who was the first First Lady of the republic.

Rules about the flag are set forth in the Official Flag of the Marshall Islands Act 1979 (Public Law 1979-1).

## References
Amata Kabua

**Amata Kabua** (November 17, 1928 – 20 December 1996) was a Marshallese politician. He was the first President of the Marshall Islands from 1979 to 1996.

Kabua died in office after a long illness, on December 20, 1996, in Honolulu, Hawaii, aged 68.

## References
Alan Boswell

**Alan Henry Boswell** (8 August 1943 – 24 August 2017) was an English football goalkeeper who made 479 league and cup appearances in a 12-year career in the English Football League. He was born in Walsall, England.

He began his career at Walsall in 1961, before moving on to Shrewsbury Town in 1963. He spent five years at the club, before moving to First Division club Wolverhampton Wanderers in 1968. The next year he moved to Bolton Wanderers, before signing with Port Vale in July 1972. He left Vale Park in May 1974, and later played for Oswestry Town.

Boswell died on 24 August 2017 at the age of 74.

## Career statistics
## References
Alan Sayers

**Alan John Sayers** (6 December 1915 – 19 August 2017) was a New Zealand journalist, photographer and athlete. He was born Onehunga, New Zealand. 

Sayers represented *The New Zealand Herald* prior to World War II. When the war was over he was invited to join the *Auckland Star* where he was the first reporter in New Zealand to receive a personal by-line. In 1953 he was an official journalist on the tour of Queen Elizabeth 11 to the Pacific Islands and New Zealand.

Sayers died in Auckland on 19 August 2017 at the age of 101.

## References
Anne-Aymone Giscard d'Estaing

'''Anne-Aymone Giscard d'Estaing**, born **Anne-Aymone Marie Josèphe Christiane Sauvage de Brantès''' on 10 April 1933 in Paris), is the widow of 20th President of France Valéry Giscard d'Estaing.

## References
Bernadette Chirac

**Bernadette Thérèse Marie Chirac** (born **Bernadette Thérèse Marie Chodron de Courcel**; 18 May 1933) is a French politician and the widow of the former President Jacques Chirac.

## Post-First Lady roles
Since 2001, Bernadette has been a leading member of the "Pièces Jaunes" (Yellow Coins), a charity that aids children in French hospitals by collecting small change. On 3 September 2007, she became the president of the "Fondation Claude-Pompidou" (Claude Pompidou Foundation), following the death of its founder, Claude Pompidou.

She also helped her husband's being elected in 1995 and is herself an elected official in Corrèze, the couple's home *département*.

## Honours
*  Knight of the Legion of Honour ()

## Bibliography
* 2001: *Bernadette Chirac* by Bertrand Meyer-Stabley (Perrin Edition) 
* 2006: *La Fille de Cœur* by Anh Đào Traxel (Flammarion Editions) (a biography of the Chirac family by their foster daughter).
* 2001: *Conversation* by Bernadette Chirac, with Patrick de Carolis, (Plon Editions)

## References
## Other websites
Brigitte Macron

**Brigitte Marie-Claude Macron** (; *née* **Trogneux**, , previously **Auzière**, ; born 13 April 1953) is a French former teacher who is the wife of Emmanuel Macron, the President of the French Republic. 

## Politics
In 2015, to help support her husband in his political career, she ended her career as a teacher of literature at the elite lycée Saint-Louis de Gonzague in Paris.

Macron ran for the city council of Truchtersheim in Bas-Rhin in 1989, but lost. It would be the only time she would run for office.

### First Lady
In 2017, Brigitte Macron played an active role in her husband's presidential campaign; a top adviser was quoted as saying that "her presence is essential for him". After winning of the French presidency, Emmanuel Macron said that his wife "will have the role that she always had with me, she will not be hidden".

After being elected, President Macron wanted to create an official "first lady" title for his wife along with giving her a personal staff, office and a giving her part of the budget for her activities. This was not popular with the French people because some thought it was a sign of nepotism, something that Macron openly spoke out against. A petition against his proposal got more than 275,000 signatures, and the French government announced that Brigitte Macron would not hold the official title of "first lady" and would not be given an official budget.

In May 2025, Macron was filmed shoving her hand in her husband Emmanuel's face, which he described as "joking around".

## Personal life
In 1993, at the age of 40, she met the then 15-year-old Emmanuel Macron in La Providence High School where she was a teacher and he was a student and a classmate of her daughter.

## References
## Other websites
Mary Wilson, Baroness Wilson of Rievaulx

**Gladys Mary Wilson, Lady Wilson of Rievaulx** (12 January 1916 &ndash; 6 June 2018) was an English poet. She was the widow of Harold Wilson, who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom in the mid- to late-1960s and mid-1970s. Her birth name was **Gladys Mary Baldwin**. 

Private Eye regularly published satirical pages under the title ''Mrs Wilson's diary* in the 1960s when she was living in Downing Street with Harold.  It was in the style of the BBC radio serial *Mrs Dale's Diary.*  In 1969  it was made into a movie.  

In 1970 her  of poetry, *Selected Poems'', was published and in 1976 Wilson was one of three judges of the Man Booker Prize, the other judges being Walter Allen and Francis King.

In 2013, aged 97, she attended the funeral of Margaret Thatcher.

In 2016, she became the first spouse of a British prime minister to turn 100.

Wilson died on 6 June 2018, of a stroke, in London at age 102. She is the longest-lived spouse of a British prime minister in history. 

## References
## Other websites
*
Clarissa Eden

**Anne Clarissa Eden, Dowager Countess of Avon** (*née* **Spencer-Churchill**; 28 June 1920 &ndash; 15 November 2021) was the widow of Anthony Eden, 1st Earl of Avon (1897–1977), who was British Prime Minister from 1955 to 1957. 

She married Eden in 1952, becoming Lady Eden in 1954, when he was made a Knight of the Garter, and then becoming Countess of Avon in 1961, on her husband's elevation to the peerage. She is also the niece of the prime minister Winston Churchill.

Her memoir, sub-titled *From Churchill to Eden*, was published in 2007, under the name of Clarissa Eden.

Eden turned 100 in June 2020. She died on 15 November 2021, aged 101.

## References
## Other websites
*Clarissa Eden – a memoir: photographic images
East Lancs EL2000

The **East Lancs EL2000** was a single-decker body of a bus, It had a step entrance. It was made from 1989 to 1996 by East Lancashire Coachbuilders.

From 1989 to 1996, it was improved, it had new front bumpers, new grille, new headlights and new turn signals.

## Chassis 
The El2000 body was built on the following chassis:

* Volvo B10M chassis
* Volvo B6 chassis
* Dennis Falcon chassis
* Dennis Dart chassis
* Dennis Lance chassis
* Scania K93 chassis
* Scania N113 chassis

## Gallery

File:Arriva North West bus 1261 (N261 CKA), 2 January 2004.jpg|Dennis Dart with East Lancs EL2000 bodywork (before improvements)
File:Big Lemon Bus M461 LLJ (Route 42) at Lewes Road, Brighton (8279085026).jpg|Dennis Dart with East Lancs EL2000 bodywork (after improvements)
File:Stagecoach Yorkshire East Lancs.jpg|Scania N113CRB with East Lancs EL2000 bodywork (after improvements)
File:Arriva Guildford & West Surrey 3023 N223 TPK.JPG|Dennis Lance with East Lancs EL2000 bodywork (after improvements)
File:Rapsons bus 544 (H923 XYT) 1990 Volvo B10M East Lancs EL2000, Fort William, 24 October 2006.jpg|Volvo B10M with East Lancs EL2000 bodywork (before improvements)
File:London bus route 484.jpg|Dennis Dart with East Lancs EL2000 bodywork rear

## Related pages
* List of buses

## References 
## Other websites
*
Jay Thomas

**Jon Thomas Terrell** (July 12, 1948 – August 24, 2017), professionally known as **Jay Thomas**, was an American actor, comedian, and radio talk show host. 

His well known television work included his role as Remo DaVinci on *Mork & Mindy* (1979–81), the recurring role of Eddie LeBec on *Cheers* (1987–89), the lead character Jack Stein on *Love & War* (1992–95), and a repeat guest role as Jerry Gold on *Murphy Brown*. 

Thomas won the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Guest Actor in a Comedy Series in 1990 and 1991 for playing Gold.

In 1997, he starred in the television movie *Killing Mr. Griffin*, based on the novel of the same name. In movie, he co-starred in ''Mr Holland's Opus* and portrayed The Easter Bunny in *The Santa Clause 2* and *The Santa Clause 3*. He was also an annual guest on *The Late Show with David Letterman* during the Christmas season. 

Beginning in 2005, he hosted *The Jay Thomas Show'' on SiriusXM Satellite Radio, and was on every Friday afternoon on Howard 101.

Thomas died in Santa Barbara, California of throat cancer on August 24, 2017 at the age of 69.

## References
## Other websites
* 
* "The Jay Thomas Show" website 
* TV.com entry 
* Ten Questions with Jay Thomas
Petorca Province

The **Petorca Province** () is one of eight provinces of the central Chilean region of Valparaíso (V). Its capital is the city of La Ligua.

## Geography
The Petorca province is the largest province in the Valparaíso region with an area of .

The Petorca province is the most northern of the provinces of the region and is on the coast along the Pacific Ocean. It is bordered to the north by the Coquimbo region, to the east by the San Felipe de Aconcagua province, to the south by the Quillota province, and to the west by the Pacific Ocean.

## Population
 (last national census), there were 70,610 people living in the province, giving it a population density of  inhabitants/km².

The largest city of the province is La Ligua, its capital, with a population, in 2002, of 17,048 inhabitants.

## Administration
As a province, Petorca is a second-level administrative division, consisting of six communes (*comunas*). The city of La Ligua serves as the provincial capital. The province is administered by a governor.

## Related pages
* Provinces of Chile

## References
## Other websites
* Territorial division of Chile 
* Gobierno Regional de Valparaíso  Official website 
* Province of Petorca website
Double Dutchess

***Double Dutchess*** is the second studio album, by American singer-songwriter Fergie. It was released on September 22, 2017. The album will be Fergie's first to be released on her own imprint Dutchess Music, a partnership with BMG Rights Management, and first since her debut album, *The Dutchess* (2006).

## Singles
The album's fourth single, "You Already Know", featuring Nicki Minaj, was made available for purchase on August 25, 2017. It will be released onto Mainstream and Rhythmic radio on September 12, 2017.

## Track listing
;Sample credits
* "Hungry" contains parts from "Dawn of the Iconoclast", written by Lisa Gerrard and Brendan Perry and performed by Dead Can Dance.
* "Like It Ain't Nuttin" contains parts from "Top Billin'", written by Kirk Robinson and Roy Hammond and performed by Audio Two.
* "You Already Know" contains parts from "Think (About It)", written by James Brown and performed by Lyn Collins.

## References
Jack Rosenthal (journalist)

**Jacob "Jack" Rosenthal** (30 June 1935 – 23 August 2017) was a Pulitzer Prize-winning American journalist, editor and executive. He was born in Tel Aviv during Mandatory Palestine. He was best known for his work at *The New York Times*. In 1982, he won the Pulitzer Prize for distinguished editorial writing on national politics and social policy.

Rosenthal was the president of *The New York Times* Company Foundation from 2000 to 2009. Thereafter, he was a senior fellow at The Atlantic Philanthropies from 2010 to 2014.

Rosenthal died on 23 August 2017 in Manhattan, New York of complications from pancreatic cancer at the age of 82.

## References
Kai Linnilä

**Kai Linnilä** (23 July 1942 &ndash; 24 August 2017) was a Finnish editor and writer. He was born in Oulu, Finland. He is the husband of the novelist Kaari Utrio. He takes responsibility for the importation and marketing of cigars and pipes in the Oy Amanita Ltd, the Utrios' family-owned company.

His best known works are *Isoäidin kermakakku* (''The Grandmother's Cream Cake*), *Oman äidin lihapullat* (*The Own Mother's Meat Balls*), *Punainen tupa ja erämaa. Rikkaan arjen allakka* (*The Red Cottage and the Wilds. The Almanac of Rich Everyday Life*) (with Seppo Saraspää), *Wanhan ajan joulu* (*Christmas of the Old Time*), Olaus Magnus: *Suomalaiset pohjoisten kansojen historiassa* (*Finnish People in the History of Nordic Folks*) (edited) and *Linnut* (*The Birds'').

## References
## Other websites
* Oy Amania Ltd
Engelbert Jarek

**Engelbert Jarek** (7 June 1935 &ndash; 23 August 2017) was a Polish footballer. He was born in Rokittnitz, Hindenburg O.S., German Empire . Jarek competed in the 1960 Summer Olympics. He was known for managing and playing for Odra Opole.

## References
Eduardo Angeloz

**Eduardo César Angeloz** (October 18, 1931 – August 23, 2017) was an Argentine politician. He was a presidential candidate and Governor of Córdoba from December 11, 1983 to December 11, 1995. He was born in Río Tercero, Córdoba.

Angeloz died on August 23, 2017 in Cordoba, Argentina from complications of a fall at the age of 85.

## References
Sergio Zaniboni

**Sergio Zaniboni** (4 August 1937 – 18 August 2017) was an Italian comics artist and writer. He was especially known as the artist of numerous stories for *Diabolik*. He was born in Turin, Italy. His son Paolo Zaniboni is also a comic book artist.

From 1972 he also he collaborates with *Il Giornalino*, for which he produced *Il Campione* (a series set in the boxing world, written by Alberto Ongaro) and the police series *Tenente Marlo*, with stories by Claudio Nizzi.

## References
## Other websites
*Page at lambiek.com 
*Short biography at fumetti.org
Arnold Koller

**Arnold Koller** (born 29 August 1933) is a Swiss politician. He was a member of the Swiss Federal Council (1986-1999).

He was elected to the Federal Council of Switzerland on 10 December 1986. He was member of the Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland from the canton of Appenzell Innerrhoden. He handed over office on 30 April 1999.

Koller was Chairman of the Board of the Forum of Federations from 2006 to 2010.

During his time in office he held the following departments:

* Federal Military Department (1987–1988)
* Federal Department of Justice and Police (1989)
* Federal Military Department (1989)
* Federal Department of Justice and Police (1990–1999)

He was President of the Confederation twice in 1990 and 1997.

## Other websites
*
Fürstenau, Switzerland

**Fürstenau** () is a municipality of the district of Hinterrhein in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland.

## References
## Other websites
* Official Website
Neunkirchen, Saarland

**Neunkirchen** is a town-municipality in Saarland, Germany. It is the capital (*Kreisstadt*) of Neunkirchen District.

It had about 46,000 people in 2016.

Neunkirchen lies at an altitude of 252 m, on the Blies river, and about 20 km northeast of Saarbrücken.

It is the biggest settlement of Saarland after Saarbrücken.

## Well-known people 
* Erich Honecker (1912-1994), East German leader
* Stefan Kuntz (b. 1962), footballer

## Other websites 
*
Lawrence County, Ohio

**Lawrence County** is a county in the U.S. state of Ohio. In 2020, 58,240 people lived there. The county seat is Ironton.

## References
Fairlawn, Ohio

**Fairlawn** is a city in Summit County, Ohio, United States, and a suburb of Akron. The population was 7,710 at the 2020 census.

## References
Lightning Rod (roller coaster)

**Lightning Rod** is a wooden roller coaster located at Dollywood near Pigeon Forge, Tennessee. It is manufactured by Rocky Mountain Construction.

Lightning Rod is the world's first and only launched wooden roller coaster.

## References
SheiKra

**SheiKra** is a roller coaster located at Busch Gardens Tampa Bay in Tampa, Florida. It is a Dive Coaster which means riders experience a moment of free fall. 

SheiKra was the first Dive Coaster. It is floorless and features a 90 degree drop.

## References
Lin Jiamei

**Lin Jiamei** (; born 1924) is a Chinese civil servant. She is the widow of former Chinese president Li Xiannian. She was the First Lady of the People's Republic of China from 1983 to 1988.

## References
Wang Yeping

**Wang Yeping** (, born February 12, 1928), is the widow of Jiang Zemin, former General Secretary of the Communist Party of China *de facto* paramount leader and President of the People's Republic of China (*de jure* head of state), and is a native of Yangzhou, Jiangsu.

## References
Grono, Switzerland

**Grono** is a municipality of the district Moesa in the Swiss canton of Graubünden. On 1 January 2017, the former municipalities of Leggia and Verdabbio merged into the municipality of Grono.

## References
Barneveld, Wisconsin

**Barneveld** is a village in Iowa County, Wisconsin. There is a public library called Barneveld Public Library.

## 1984 F5 tornado 
On June 8, 1984, the city was hit by a deadly F5 tornado. After tornadoes broke out across the Midwest, including tornadoes that killed four people in Missouri and Iowa, a tornado watch was issued at 11:00 p.m. CT, but most residents had went to sleep. A line of thunderstorms entered Wisconsin from Iowa/Illinois border shortly after midnight. A sharp bolt of lightning followed by a loud clap of thunder cut power to the city, awakening residents. Nine people died, and two hundred were injured.
Quillota Province

The **Quillota Province** () is one of eight provinces of the central Chilean region of Valparaíso (V). Its capital is the city of Quillota.

## Geography
The Quillota province is the second smallest province in the Valparaíso region with an area of ; only the Isla de Pascua province is smaller.

The Quillota province is bordered to the north by the Petorca province, to the east by the San Felipe de Aconcagua province and the Santiago Metropolitan Region, and to the south and west by the Valparaíso province.

## Population
 (last national census), there were 175,917 people living in the province, giving it a population density of  inhabitants/km².

The largest city of the province is Quillota, its capital, with a population, in 2002, of 62,231 inhabitants.

## Administration
As a province, Quillota is a second-level administrative division, consisting of five communes (*comunas*). The city of Quillota serves as the provincial capital. The province is administered by a governor.

The *comunas* Limache (number 14 in the map) and Olmué (number 16 in the map) were transferred to the Marga Marga province in 2010.

## Related pages
* Provinces of Chile

## References
## Other websites
* Territorial division of Chile 
* Gobierno Regional de Valparaíso  Official website 
* Province of Petorca website
Jeannie Rousseau

**Jeannie Rousseau (Viscomtesse de Clarens)** (April 1, 1919 – August 23, 2017)  was an Allied intelligence agent in occupied France during World War II. She was a member of Georges Lamarque's "Druids" network. Rousseau was born in Saint-Brieuc, France.

Codenamed AMNIARIX, she evaded Gestapo agents while gathering crucial information on the Germans' emerging rocket weapons programs from behind enemy lines.  Her intelligence reports, forwarded to London, led directly to the British raid on Peenemünde and to delays and disruptions in the V-1 and V-2 programs, saving many thousands of lives in the West. 

Rousseau was captured twice and spent time in three concentration camps.

Rousseau died on 23 August 2017 in Montaigu, France, aged 98.

## References
Sardinians

**Sardinians** (Sardinian: *Sardos* or *Sardus*; ) are the people native to the island of Sardinia, an autonomous region of Italy.

Sardinians are noted for the distinct Nuragic civilization in ancient times. They are also known for the indigenous language many still speak, Sardinian. Sardinian is quite separate from Italian and said to be one of the languages, if not the language, keeping most archaic features of ancient Latin. Sardinians have long been active to fight for the official recognition of autonomy in Italy and the protection of their cultural and environmental heritage.

## Related pages
*Sardinia
Namborn

**Namborn** is a municipality in the district of Sankt Wendel in the state of Saarland, Germany.

Namborn is  north of Sankt Wendel. It is  southwest of Idar-Oberstein.

## References
## Other websites
Eure (river)

The **Eure** is a river in northwestern France. It is a left tributary of the Seine. The Eure and Eure-et-Loir departments are named after this river.

Its main tributaries are the Avre and the Iton.
Sardinian language

**Sardinian** (*Sardu*, *Limba* or *Lingua sarda*) is a Romance language. It is native to the island of Sardinia, a Mediterranean island and autonomous region of Italy. About 1.2 million people speak Sardinian. The main dialects are Campidanese (Campidanian), Gallurese (Gallurian), Logudorese (Logudorian), and Sassarese (Sassarian). The standard version of the language is called Limba Sarda Comuna. 

Sardinian is often seen as the closest language to Latin. It fought for decades to get basic recognition by the Italian government.

## Other websites 
* Sardinian language -Citizendium
Abdul Kalam Vision India Party

**Abdul Kalam Vision India Party** is an Indian political party that was founded on 28 February 2016. The party was founded in the name of former president A.P.J. Abdul Kalam, by V. Ponraj, who was the scientific adviser to Bharat Ratna Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam. However, the family of A.P.J. Abdul Kalam expressed their upset over the party using the Kalam's name and portrait as their symbols.

Preparation to the declaration of this political party, a two-day convention was held by United Vision India 2020, inviting V. Ponraj to lead a political party. The convention was conducted on 26 February 2016 without the presence of V. Ponraj and in the presence of V. Ponraj on 27 February 2016.This convention was conducted before the house of V. Ponraj at Thonugal village. The party has been started to achieve the vision 2020 of People's President - Bharat Ratna Dr. A.P.J.Abdul Kalam.

## References
Dravida Kazhagam

**Dravida Kazhagam** (or **Dravidar Kazhagam**, "Dravidian Organization") was one of the first Dravidian parties in India. The party was founded by Periyar. Its original goals were to eradicate the ills of the existing caste system including untouchability and to obtain a "Dravida Nadu" (Dravidian nation) from the Madras Presidency i.e., a separate nation from India for Dravidian people alone.

Dravidar Kazhagam gave birth to many other political parties including Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam and All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam. Dravidar Kazhagam is now headed by K.Veeramani.

## Foundation and Ideology
The roots of the Dravidar Kazhagam lie in the Self-Respect Movement and Justice party, founded by Periyar E. V. Ramasamy. Periyar formed the Self-Respect Movement in 1925, breaking in the process from the Indian National Congress party, of which he had been a member until then. The Justice Party, formed in 1916, also claimed to promote similar interests. The two entities merged in 1938 under Periyar's leadership. The name was changed to Dravidar Kazhagam in 1944.

Its central theme was to remove the degraded status imposed on Dravidians, and to denote this, the party adopted a black flag with a red circle inside it, the black signifying their degradation and the red denoting the movement for upliftment.It opposed Brahminical social, political and ritual dominance, and aimed to form a separate country of Dravida Nadu, to include either all of South India or the predominantly Tamil-speaking regions.
## Reference
Mika Brzezinski

**Mika Emilie Leonia Brzezinski** (; born May 2, 1967) is an American news presenter and author who currently co-hosts MSNBC's weekday morning broadcast show *Morning Joe*. Her father was National Secuity Advisor Zbigniew Brzezinski.

In early 2017, Brzezinski became engaged to her co-host Joe Scarborough. They were married in 2018.

## References
## Other websites
*
**Morning Joe*  on MSNBC
*
Edward Rowny

**Edward Leon Rowny** (April 3, 1917 – December 17, 2017) was a United States Army Lieutenant General of Polish origin. He was a commanding officer in World War II and Korea, a military advisor to five U.S. presidents and a negotiator on the Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty (START).

Rowny died in Washington, D.C. on December 17, 2017 of cardiomyopathy at the age of 100.

## References
## Other websites
*Interview about the SALT I negotiations  for the WGBH series, *War and Peace in the Nuclear Age*
Horst Sindermann

**Horst Sindermann** (September 5, 1915 in Dresden - April 20, 1990 in East Berlin) was a German communist politician.

Sindermann was a member of the Communist Party of Germany (KPD) till 1946, and afterwards a member of the Socialist Unity Party of Germany (SED).

During the war he was imprisoned in several concentration camps.

He was Prime Minister of East Germany from 1973 to 1976, and President of the Volkskammer from 1976 to 1989.

## References 
* www.stiftung-aufarbeitung.de
Peter Weck

**Peter Weck** (born 12 August 1930) is an Austrian movie director and actor. He was born in Vienna, Austria. 

Weck was known for his movie roles in *Herzensfeinde* (2001; he directed it) and *Die Rosenkönigin* (2007). From 1983 through 1986, he starred as the television role of Werner Schuman in the German sitcom *Ich heirate eine Familie*. Weck was known for directing *Help, I Love Twins* (1969). 

In 2004, he was awarded the Grand Decoration of Honour in Silver for Services to the Republic of Austria (*Grosses Silbernes Ehrenzeichen*).

## References
## Other websites
*
Grzegorz Miecugow

**Grzegorz Miecugow** (22 November 1955 &ndash; 26 August 2017) was a Polish television newscaster and journalist. He was born in Kraków, Poland. He was known for presenting the news programs *Wiadomości* and *Fakty TVN*. He was also a frequent columnist for *Szkło Kontaktowe*.

Miecugow died of cancer in Warsaw, Poland on 26 August 2017 at the age of 61.

## References
## Other websites
Adam Wójcik

**Adam Wójcik** (20 April 1970 – 26 August 2017) was a Polish professional basketball player. He was known as one of the all-time greats in Polish basketball. He was the all-time leading scorer of the Polish PLK with 10,087 points scored. He was born in Oława, Poland. He was known for playing for Prokom Sopot from 2004 through 2007.

Wójcik died of leukemia on 26 August 2017 in Wrocław, Poland at the age of 47.

## References
## Other websites
*LegaBasket profile
*Eurobasket profile
Grüsch

**Grüsch** is a municipality in the district Davos in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland. On 1 January 2011, the former municipalities of Fanas and Valzeina.

## References
## Other websites
* Official website of Grüsch 
*
Athens County, Ohio

**Athens County** is a county of Ohio in the United States. In 2020, 62,431 people lived there. The county seat is Athens.

## References
Viola Harris

**Viola Harris** (July 5, 1926 – August 23, 2017) was an American actress. She was born in Baltimore, Maryland. She was known for roles in television, theater and movies from the 1950s to the 2010s. 

Harris has appeared in a number of movies including *The Other Guys*, *Choke*, *Deconstructing Harry* directed by Woody Allen and *Sex and the City 2*.

In 2010, Harris starred in the short movie, *The Secret Friend*, directed by Flavio Alves. Harris received positive reviews for her role in the movie.

Harris was married to actor Robert H. Harris until his death in 1981.

Harris died on August 23, 2017 at her home in New York City at age 91.

## References
## Other websites
*
James Young Simpson

**Sir James Young Simpson** (born June 7, 1811 in Scotland) was a qualified doctor by the age of 21 but changed to work as a clerk, due to his traumatic reaction to witnessing mastectomies during his medical training. He sat in several lecture courses as a student, but the anatomical lecture by a Doctor Knox made him choose the career path of midwifery and obstetrics. He became a qualified professor of midwifery at the age of 29, in 1840.

Due to his traumatizing observations of surgery as a student, he decided to experiment with anesthetics. He tried using ether and chloroform, but refused to use ether due to its bad odor. He discovered the anesthetic properties of chloroform, using it in obstetrics, to make childbirth easier and safer. He also came up with a new design for the forceps, to make them safer to use. They are now known as Simpsons' forceps. He was one of the earliest doctors to use midwifes in hospitals. 

Chloroform was a good idea, as it put people to sleep, making surgical procedures safer, pain-free, and better for the individuals. It was recognized as an achievement when Queen Victoria herself received chloroform to give birth to her eighth child.
Libertarian National Committee

The **Libertarian National Committee** (**L.N.C.** or **LNC**) is a group of people who coordinate the activities of the U.S. Libertarian party in all fifty states. The L.N.C. headquarters is in the nation's capital, Washington, DC. It also has state Libertarian party headquarters in state capitals.

In 2018, Chairperson is Nicholas Sarwark of Arizona and the Vice Chair is Arvin Vohra.

The Libertarian National Committee is a separate entity from the "Libertarian National Congressional Committee", a Federal Elections Commission registered entity, now doing business as the "Libertarian National Campaign Committee."

## References
## Related pages
*Democratic National Committee
*Republican National Committee

## Other websites 
*Official LNC website