open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Virginia's 8th congressional district

'''Virginia's 8th congressional district''' is a U.S. congressional district located just across the Potomac River from Washington, D.C. It is made up of Alexandria, Arlington, and Falls Church, as well as parts of Fairfax County. Democrat Don Beyer has held the seat since 2015.

## References
Virginia's 11th congressional district

'''Virginia's 11th congressional district''' is a U.S. congressional district in the Commonwealth of Virginia. It is in the Northern Virginia suburbs of Washington, D.C.. It is made up of most of Fairfax County and Fairfax City. The district is represented by Democrat James Walkinshaw.

## References
Surfside Beach, South Carolina

**Surfside Beach** is a town in Horry County, South Carolina, United States. The population was 4,155 at the 2020 census.

## References
South Carolina House of Representatives

The **South Carolina House of Representatives** is the lower house of the South Carolina General Assembly. It is made up of 124 representatives who are elected to two-year terms at the same time as U.S. congressional elections. Representatives must be 21 years of age before they are eligible to become a representative.

## References
Salem, South Carolina

**Salem** is a U.S. town in Oconee County, South Carolina. The population was 120 at the 2020 United States Census.

## References
South Carolina's 1st congressional district

'''South Carolina's 1st congressional district''' is a coastal congressional district in South Carolina. It is represented by Republican Nancy Mace since January 3, 2021.

The district has usually covered Charleston. It has included Myrtle Beach.

## References
South Carolina's 2nd congressional district

'''South Carolina's 2nd congressional district''' is in central and southwestern South Carolina. The district includes Columbia to the South Carolina side of the Augusta, Georgia metropolitan area.

From 1993 through 2012, it included all of Lexington, Jasper, Hampton, Allendale and Barnwell counties; most of Richland and Beaufort counties and parts of Aiken, Calhoun and Orangeburg counties.

## References
South Carolina's 6th congressional district

'''South Carolina's 6th congressional district''' is in central and eastern South Carolina. It has been represented by Democrat Jim Clyburn since 1992.

It includes all of Allendale, Bamberg, Calhoun, Clarendon, Hampton, and Williamsburg counties and parts of Charleston, Colleton, Dorchester, Florence, Jasper, Orangeburg, Richland and Sumter counties. 

With a Cook Partisan Voting Index rating of D+13, it is the only Democratic district in South Carolina.

## References
Ralph Norman

**Ralph Warren Norman Jr.** (born June 20, 1953) is an American real estate developer and politician. He has been the U.S. representative for  since 2017. He is a member of the Republican Party. He was a member of the South Carolina state representative for the 48th district from 2005 to 2007 and from 2009 to 2017.

Norman supported having martial law in the United States to stop the transfer of power to President-elect Joe Biden in January 2021.

## References
## Other websites
* Congressman Ralph Norman official U.S. House website
* Campaign website  
* 
* 
* Official Biography, South Carolina House of Representatives
South Carolina's 5th congressional district

'''South Carolina's 5th congressional district''' is a congressional district in northern South Carolina bordering North Carolina.  

The district includes all of Cherokee, Chester, Fairfield, Kershaw, Lancaster, Lee, Union and York counties and parts of Newberry, Spartanburg and Sumter counties. 

## References
William Timmons

**William Richardson Timmons IV** (born April 30, 1984) is an American politician, lawyer, and Air Force veteran. He has been a member of the U.S. House of Representatives for  since 2019. He is a member of the Republican Party. Timmons was a South Carolina state senator from 2016 to 2018.

## References
## Other websites
* Congressman William Timmons official U.S. House website
* William Timmons for Congress
* 
* 
*
South Carolina's 4th congressional district

'''South Carolina's 4th congressional district''' is a congressional district in upstate South Carolina bordering North Carolina.  It includes parts of Greenville and Spartanburg counties.  The district includes the two major cities of Greenville and Spartanburg.

## References
West Virginia's 1st congressional district

'''West Virginia's 1st congressional district''' is currently located in the southern half of the state. 

## Recent election results from statewide races  
## References
Carol Miller

**Carol Miller** (née **Devine**; born November 4, 1950) is an American farmer, educator, and politician. She has represented West Virginia's 1st congressional district since 2019. 

Miller represented the 15th district in the West Virginia House of Delegates from 2007 to 2013, and the 16th district from 2013 to 2019. She is a member of the Republican Party.

## References
## Other websites
* Congresswoman Carol Miller official U.S. House website
* Campaign website
*
*[Carol Miller](http://ballotpedia.org/Carol_Miller_(West_Virginia)) at Ballotpedia
*Carol D. Miller at OpenSecrets
*
West Virginia's 3rd congressional district

'''West Virginia's 3rd congressional district''' is a U.S. congressional district that is no longer in use. It used to be in southern West Virginia. It used to represent Huntington, Bluefield, Princeton, and Beckley.

The district was last represented by Republican Carol Miller. However, because West Virginia lost a congressional seat in the 2020 census, it was eliminated in 2023. On October 22, 2021, Governor Jim Justice signed the new congressional map into law. Under the plan, the old 3rd essentially became the new 1st.

## References
Adrian Smith (politician)

**Adrian Michael Smith** (born December 19, 1970) is an American politician. He has been the U.S. representative for  since 2007. He is a member of the Republican Party. He represented the 48th district in the Nebraska Legislature from 1999 to 2007. 

Smith was born in Scottsbluff, Nebraska. He was raised in Gering, Nebraska. He studied at Liberty University. He transferred to the University of Nebraska–Lincoln.

## References
## Other websites
* Congressman Adrian Smith official U.S. House website
* Adrian Smith for Congress
* 
*
The Last of Us (TV series)

***The Last of Us*** is an American post-apocalyptic drama television series created by Craig Mazin and Neil Druckmann for HBO. It is based on the video game series created by Naughty Dog.

The series is set twenty years into a pandemic caused by a mass fungal infection, which causes its hosts to transform into zombie-like creatures and causes an apocalypse.

The series has received positive reviews from critics and audiences.

## References
Tom Rice

**Hugh Thompson Rice Jr.** (born August 4, 1957) is an American lawyer and politician. He was a member of the U.S. representative for  from 2013 to 2023. He is a Republican.

Rice was one of ten Republicans to vote to impeach Donald Trump in the second impeachment of Donald Trump. In January 2021, the South Carolina Republican Party censured him for voting for the impeachment. 

In 2022, Trump supported a primary opponent for his seat. Rice lost the Republican nomination in the June 14 primary to South Carolina state representative Russell Fry. 

## References
## Other websites
* Congressman Tom Rice  official U.S. House website
* Tom Rice for Congress 
* 
*
South Carolina General Assembly

The **South Carolina General Assembly**, also called the **South Carolina Legislature**, is the state legislature of the U.S. state of South Carolina. The legislature is bicameral and is made up of the lower South Carolina House of Representatives and the upper South Carolina Senate. All together, the General Assembly has 170 members. The legislature meets at the State House in Columbia.

The main role of the South Carolina General Assembly is to pass laws "as the common good may require."

## References
South Carolina Senate

The **South Carolina Senate** is the upper house of the South Carolina General Assembly, the lower house being the South Carolina House of Representatives. It is made up of 46 senators elected from single member districts for four-year terms at the same time as United States presidential elections.

## References
South Carolina's 3rd congressional district

'''South Carolina's 3rd congressional district''' is a congressional district in western South Carolina bordering both Georgia and North Carolina.  It includes all of Abbeville, Anderson, Edgefield, Greenwood, Laurens, McCormick, Oconee, Pickens, and Saluda counties and parts of Greenville and Newberry counties.  

## References
Sakura Wars (TV series)

**Sakura Wars** (also known as Sakura Wars TV) is a TV show based off and inspired by Sakura Wars (or Sakura Taisen), a video game released by Sega and Red Entertainment (who was known as Red Company back when the game was released) in 1996 for the Sega Saturn, the anime adaptation was created by Studio Madhouse and it aired on TBS in 2000 with a total of 25 episodes and a movie that aired in 2001 (which was named Sakura Wars: the movie).

The show takes place in a fictionalized version of the Taishō period.

It also received a english dub by ADV Films in 2003, with Sentai Filmworks licensing the series again in 2009 after ADV Films went defunct.

## Premise 
While the show has characters and settings from the videogames, it is completely different from the games.

## Cast 
* Chisa Yokoyama as Sakura Shinguji
* Akio Suyama as Ichiro Ogami
* Urara Takano as Maria Tachibana
* Michie Tomizawa as Sumire Kanzaki
* Mayumi Tanaka as Kanna Kirishima
* Maya Okamoto as Orihime Soletta
* Kumiko Nishihara as Iris Chauteaubriand
* Kazue Ikura as Reni Milchstrasse
* Ai Orikasa as Ayame Fujieda
Make America Healthy Again

shaking hands with then-former President Donald Trump after announcing his support of his campaign in August 2024]]
**Make America Healthy Again** (**MAHA**) is a slogan and American political movement led by Robert F. Kennedy Jr., focusing on his role as the Secretary of Health and Human Services in the second Trump administration. Kennedy Jr. created the slogan when he ran an independent campaign for U.S. President in 2024.

The MAHA movement focuses on curing chronic illnesses, supporting healthier lifestyle choices, and stopping corruption in the food and pharmaceutical industries.

The phrase "Make America healthy again" comes from Trump's political slogan, Make America Great Again.  

The movement has been criticized by some health officials because of Kennedy's history of spreading conspiracy theories and false information about public health and vaccines. During his confirmation hearing in January 2025, Kennedy said he was never anti-vaccine and promised to keep all vaccines available.

## References
Meta Runner

***Meta Runner*** is an Australian indie-animated eSports action drama web series created by Luke Lerdwichagul and Kevin Lerdwichagul. 

It was made by the brothers’ company Glitch Productions, with associating funding support from Screen Australia, Crunchyroll, AMD, and Epic Games.

## Synopsis 
The show follows Tari, a Meta Runner with the ability to warp into video games, as she uncovers her past and battles against the powerful TAS Corp organization. Tari's journey involves befriending a character from a video game, Theo, and navigating a world where technology and gaming intertwine.

## Episodes 
### Season 1 (2019) 
**NOTE**: All episodes were written by Kevin Lerdwichagul and Jasmine Yang, and Luke Lerdwichagul served as creative director.

### Season 2 (2020) 
**NOTE**: All episodes were written by Jasmine Yang, and Luke Lerdwichagul served as director.

### Season 3 (2022)
**NOTE**: This season’s (dubbed **Meta Runner: The Final Season**) episodes were written by Jasmine Yang, and Matthew Peckham served as art director.

## References
Remember Monday

**Remember Monday** are an British country pop girl group, which consists of members Lauren Byrne, Holly-Anne Hull and Charlotte Steele. The group represented the United Kingdom at the Eurovision Song Contest 2025 with the song "".

## Career
The group first met while they were studying together at The Sixth Form College Farnborough, where they bonded over a shared passion for music. When group were formed in 2013 they were known as **Houston**, in 2018 the group changed their name to Remember Monday. In 2019, they took part in series 8 of *The Voice UK*, the group made it to the Knockouts but were eliminated. The group released their debut extended play, *Hysterical Women*, on 3 February 2023 and includes the singles "Nothing Nice to Say" and "Let Down". They released their second extended play, *Crazy Anyway*, on 25 October 2024 and includes the single "Famous". In February 2025, they were announced as the United Kingdom representative for the Eurovision Song Contest 2025 in Basel with the song "", the song was written by the group and Thomas Stengaard, Julie Aagaard, Tom Hollings, Sam Brennan and Kes Kamara. On 17 May 2025, the group finished in 19th place in the Grand Final, they finished 10th in the Jury scoring 88 points but recieved 0 points from the Public vote.

## Discography
### Extended plays
### Singles
## References
Alopias palatasi

***Alopias palatasi*** or also know **"Giant Thresher shark"** (now *Trigonotodus palatasi*) is an extinct species of shark of Alopias genus, that lived in Early Miocene to Middle Miocene, he was originaly classified in Alopecias genus. He is compared on the Great White shark, he measured 6-6.6 metres (20–22 ft) in maximum size and in average 4.5 metres (11–16 ft).

## References
Food industry

and cheese]]
]]
The **food industry** is a global network of businesses that create most of the food eaten by the world's population. The food industry today are range from small, traditional, family-run activities to large, capital-intensive and highly mechanized industrial processes. 

Many food industries also lead into local agriculture, animal farms, produce, and/or fishing.

The food industry includes:
* Agriculture: raising crops, livestock, and seafood. Agricultural economics.
* Manufacturing: agrichemicals, agricultural construction, farm machinery and supplies, seed, etc.
* Food processing: getting fresh products for market ready, and create food products
* Marketing: promotion of products, new products, advertising, marketing campaigns, packaging, public relations, etc.
* Wholesale and food distribution: logistics, transportation, warehousing
* Foodservice (which includes catering)
* Grocery, farmers' markets, public markets and other retailing
* Regulation: local, regional, national, and international rules and regulations for food production and sale, including food quality, food security, food safety, marketing/advertising, and industry lobbying activities
* Education: academic, consultancy, vocational
* Research and development: food science, food microbiology, food technology, food chemistry, and food engineering
* Financial services: credit, insurance

## References
## Other websites
*
Pandit

A **pandit** (Sanskrit: पण्डितः, Hindi: पंडित) is a person with special knowledge, mainly in Hinduism, who teaches subjects like Vedic scriptures, Hindu law, and philosophy. In the past, the word was used for Hindu law experts, but today it can also mean an expert in fields like music. In English, the word **pundit** comes from *pandit* and refers to someone who gives expert opinions, especially in politics, science, technology, or sports. For Muslim men in music, the similar title is **ustad** (उस्ताद). The words **Vidushi** (विदूषी), **Pandita** (पंडिता), and **Panditain** (पंडिताइन) are titles for Hindu women, though they are not widely used today.

## References
Intensive animal farming

s in Brazil]]
 in a barn in an intensive system in the Midwestern United States]]
**Intensive animal farming**, **industrial livestock production**, and **macro-farms**, also known as **factory farming**,  is a type of agriculture that involves mass animal production designed to create foods and goods with little costs. To make this possible, agribusinesses keep livestock make as much cattle, poultry, and fish as possible in a crowded area. The main products of this industry are meat, milk and eggs for food.

While intensive animal farming can create large amounts at a low cost with less human labor, it is controversial because of ethical concerns of how these animals are treated and killed. 

## References
Dunakeszi

**Dunakeszi** is a city in Pest County, Hungary. It is near Budapest. About 43,000 people live there.

## Twin towns 
Dunakeszi is twinned with:
*  Casalgrande, Italy
*  Cristuru Secuiesc, Romania
*  Ravda, Bulgaria
*  Stary Sącz, Poland

## Other websites 
* Official website
Casalgrande

**Casalgrande** is a *comune* in the Province of Reggio Emilia in the Emilia-Romagna region in Italy.

## References
Cristuru Secuiesc

**Cristuru Secuiesc** () is a town in Harghita County, Romania. In 2021, 8,797 people live in Cristuru Secuiesc.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Town website
FBG Duck discography

FBG Duck discography has 1 studio albums, 8 mixtapes, 18 singles and 3 collaborative projects. A key figure in the Chicago drill scene, From his early independent releases like Look At Me (2013) to major label releases like Big Clout (2018) to breakout singles like “Slide” (2018). Since his passing in August 2020, his posthumous releases continued to add to his discography.

## Albums 
### Studio albums 
### Mixtapes 
### Singles 
### Collaborative Albums 
## Notes 
## References
This How I'm Coming 2

***This How I’m Coming 2*** is the fifth mixtape by American rapper FBG Duck, released independently on December 8, 2017. Hosted by DJ Cortez, it features 10 tracks with guest appearances from FBG Cash, FBG Young, FBG Dutchie, TaySav, and Billionaire Black. Part of Duck’s *This How I’m Coming* series. It includes the lead single "Slide," which later became Duck’s most popular single, peaking at number 15 on the *Billboard* Bubbling Under Hot 100 in 2019.

## Background 
*This How I’m Coming 2* is apart of his *This How I’m Coming* series, which began in 2016 and finished with *This How I’m Coming 3* in 2019. It was hosted by DJ Cortez.

## References
Roche-et-Raucourt

**Roche-et-Raucourt** is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Haute-Saône department in east France.

## References
Roye

**Roye** is the name of two communes in France:
* Roye, Haute-Saône
* Roye, Somme

## Other 
* Roye-sur-Matz, in the Oise department
Roye-sur-Matz

**Roye-sur-Matz** is a commune. It is in Hauts-de-France in the Oise department in north France.

## Related pages 
* Communes of the Oise department

## References
Clairo

**Claire Elizabeth Cottrill** (born August 18, 1998), known professionally as **Clairo**, is an American singer-songwriter. She started posting music on the internet when she was thirteen.

Clairo became well-known when the music video for her lo-fi song "Pretty Girl" was very successful in 2017. She signed a record deal and released her debut EP *Diary 001* (2018) with Fader Label. Fader Label was created by her father's friend. Her debut studio album *Immunity* (2019) had the singles "Bags" and "Sofia". "Sofia" became her first single to chart on the *Billboard* Hot 100. Her second studio album, *Sling*, was released in 2021 and was successful. It debuted in the top 20 of the US *Billboard* 200. Her third studio album, *Charm*, was self-released on July 12, 2024. *Charm* received a Grammy nomination for Best Alternative Music Album.

## References
Sainte-Marie-en-Chanois

**Sainte-Marie-en-Chanois** is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Haute-Saône department in east France. In 2022, 209 people lived there.

## References
Wadi Damm

The **Wadi Damm** is a scenic wadi located near the village of Damm in Ad Dhahirah Governorate, Oman.
## References
Listenbourg

and Portugal.]]

**Listenbourg** is a fictional country located in Europe subject to Internet memes, a fake history, a flag and a national anthem. The country was created by French Twitter user, Gaspardo, to test the stereotype that Americans are bad at geography. Various users have created made up facts about Listenbourg, such as winning the 1986 World Cup, and having international affairs.

## Gallery

File:Europe with and without Listenbourg fictional country.svg|Map of Europe with (left) and without (right) the fictional country of Listenbourg.
File:Fictional country Listenbourg five regions and capital.svg|The five regions of Listenbourg: Flußerde, Kusterde, Mitteland, Adriàs and Caséière. The capital city is named Lurenberg.
File:Flag of Listenbourg fictional country created from Emblem of Napoleon Bonaparte and Lutry flag.svg|Flag of Listenbourg created from the emblem of Napoleon and from the flag of the Swiss town of Lutry.
File:Photomontage Twinning La Clusaz & Osatri in Listenbourg derivative work.jpg|Hoax shared by the French town of La Clusaz announcing its twinning with Osatri in Listenbourg.

## References
Robin Hood: Prince of Thieves

***Robin Hood: Prince of Thieves*** is a 1991 American action-adventure movie based on the English folk tale of Robin Hood and set in the late 12th century. Directed by Kevin Reynolds and written by Pen Densham and John Watson, the movie stars Kevin Costner as Robin Hood, Morgan Freeman as Azeem, Christian Slater as Will Scarlett, Mary Elizabeth Mastrantonio as Marian, and Alan Rickman as the Sheriff of Nottingham.

Despite receiving mixed reviews from movie critics, the movie was a box office success, earning $390.5&nbsp;million worldwide, making it the second-highest-earning movie of 1991. Rickman received the BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Supporting Role for his performance as the Sheriff of Nottingham. The theme song "(Everything I Do) I Do It for You" by Bryan Adams was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Original Song, and it won the Grammy Award for Best Song Written for Visual Media.

## References 
## Other websites 
* 
* 
* *Robin Hood: Prince of Thieves* at AllMovie
* 
*
Re:Zero

, often referred to simply as ***Re:Zero*** and also known as ***Re: Life in a different world from zero***, is a Japanese light novel and anime series written by Tappei Nagatsuki and illustrated by Shin'ichirō Ōtsuka. It started serialization as a web novel on the  website Shōsetsuka ni Narō in 2012. 44 light novels, as well as six side story volumes and thirteen short story collections have been published by Media Factory.

## Notes
## References
India national futsal team

The **India national futsal team** is India's team for international futsal competitions. The All India Football Federation (AIFF) controls the team. The team is governed in Asia by the Asian Football Confederation (AFC).

India's first game was against Bahrain in an international friendly game on 12 August 2023, losing 3–0. The 2024 AFC Futsal Asian Cup qualification was their first international competition. That was in October 2023.

On 13 September 2025, India suffered their worst defeat in history, losing 7–2 to Lebanon.

## Competitive record 
### FIFA Futsal World Cup 
### AFC Futsal Asian Cup 
## Results and fixtures 
### 2023 
### 2025 
### Overall results 
## Players 
*Caps and goals are correct as of 14 August 2023, after the match against .*

## Related pages 
* Sport in India

## References
Bella Ramsey

**Isabella May Ramsey** (born 25 September 2003) is an English actor. They are known for their roles as young noblewoman Lyanna Mormont in the HBO fantasy television series *Game of Thrones* (2016–2019) and as Ellie in the HBO post-apocalyptic drama series *The Last of Us* (2023–present). They received nominations for several major awards, including a Primetime Emmy Award, Golden Globe Award and Critics' Choice Award, for their role in *The Last of Us*.

Ramsey is non-binary. Ramsey uses they/them pronouns.

## Works
### Movies
### Television
### Video games
### Radio and podcasts
## Discography
## Awards and nominations
## Notes
## References
## Other websites
* 
*
Macintosh Classic II

The **Macintosh Classic II** (also called the **Performa 200**) is a personal computer made by Apple Computer, Inc. It was sold from October 1991 to September 1993. Like the early Macintosh models, it had a small all-in-one design with a built-in 9-inch black-and-white screen. It also had a handle built into the case so it was easier to carry, though laptops were not common at the time.

The Classic II used the same 16 MHz Motorola 68030 processor as the older Macintosh SE/30. But it was about 30% slower because it had a cheaper 16-bit data bus, not the faster 32-bit bus of the SE/30. It came with 2 MB of memory and could be upgraded to 10 MB. It had a 40 or 80 MB hard drive.

Even though it looked like the Macintosh Classic, the inside of the Classic II was more like the Macintosh LC. Apple used the same custom chips as the LC, which helped lower the number of parts and make it cheaper to build. But unlike the LC and SE/30, it didn’t have a Processor Direct Slot for upgrades, making it the second compact Mac without one.

In 1992, Apple rebranded the Classic II as part of its new Macintosh Performa series, calling it the "Performa 200".

The Classic II was the last compact black-and-white Mac and the last desktop Mac to include a port for an external floppy disk drive. Apple stopped supporting the Classic II on January 1, 2001.

## Hardware 
The Classic II had a 50-pin internal slot that could be used for a math co-processor (FPU) or extra ROM, but not for general upgrades. Apple didn’t make any official cards for it, but some companies made their own, like the FastMath Classic II and others that used the 68882 chip. Later, hobbyists also made open-source expansion cards.

The picture shows the Classic II’s main board. The high-voltage parts like the power supply and screen driver were on a separate board. The 68030 CPU is on the right, near the FPU/ROM slot. Below the CPU are two ROM chips. RAM is on the bottom left. This board has 4 MB of RAM—2 MB built-in and 2 MB added with SIMMs. Above the RAM is the “Eagle” chip for video and other functions. Nearby is the SCSI and serial chip, and the connectors for hard drives. A small battery holder is to the left of the CPU. The floppy disk connector and controller chip are near the top. The ADB controller chip is on the far right.

## Gallery 
## References 
## Other websites 
* Classic II (Performa 200) Information pages at Mac512.com
Havok (character)

**Havok** is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. His real name is **Alexander "Alex" Summers**, and he is the younger brother of Scott Summers / Cyclops. Havok was created by writer Len Wein and artist Dave Cockrum, making his first appearance in *X-Men* #54 in 1969.

## Overview 
Havok possesses the mutant ability to absorb ambient cosmic and solar energy and then release it as powerful plasma blasts. His powers make him a formidable member of the X-Men and other superhero teams. Unlike his brother Cyclops, who directs his optic blasts as focused beams, Havok's energy releases are generally uncontrolled, which can be both a strength and a challenge.

### Themes 
Havok's character has been involved in numerous storylines exploring themes of family, responsibility, and control over his powers. He often struggles with his abilities' destructive potential and his desire to use them for good.

## In other media 
Havok has appeared in various animated series, video games, and was portrayed by Lucas Till in the 2011 movie *X-Men: First Class*.
Bishop (Marvel Comics)

**Lucas Bishop** is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. 

## Publication history 
He was created by writer John Byrne and artist Whilce Portacio, making his first appearance in *The Uncanny X-Men* #282 in November 1991.

## Fictional character biography 
Bishop is a mutant from a dystopian future where mutants are persecuted and nearly extinct. He possesses the ability to absorb and project vast amounts of kinetic energy, which he uses both defensively and offensively. Bishop's backstory involves traveling back in time to the present-day Marvel Universe to prevent the apocalyptic future he comes from.

## Powers and abilities 
Bishop can absorb energy from physical impacts and energy blasts. He can release the stored energy as concussive blasts. His abilities grant him strength, agility, and durability. Bishop is skilled in hand-to-hand combat and weaponry.

## Role in Marvel Universe 
Bishop is a member of the X-Men and related mutant teams. He is known for his serious demeanor, dedication to preventing mutant extinction, and complex relationship with other mutants and heroes. His presence often introduces themes of time travel and alternate futures in Marvel storylines.

## In other media 
Bishop has appeared in animated series such as *X-Men: The Animated Series*, *X-Men: Evolution*, and *Wolverine and the X-Men*. He also appears in the 2014 movie *X-Men: Days of Future Past*, portrayed by Omar Sy.
Rolls-Royce Phantom

The **Rolls-Royce Phantom** is a full-sized luxury sedan made by Rolls-Royce Motor Cars. It is among the most expensive sedans ever built, with current prices starting around US$550,000. The Phantom is considered one of the most luxurious, longest, and most prestigious sedans in the world.

## Generations 
There are eight generations of the Rolls-Royce Phantom:

* **Phantom I** – 1925 to 1931  
* **Phantom II** – 1929 to 1935  
* **Phantom III** – 1936 to 1939  
* **Phantom IV** – 1950 to 1956  
* **Phantom V** – 1959 to 1968  
* **Phantom VI** – 1968 to 1990  
* **Phantom VII** – 2003 to 2017  
* **Phantom VIII** – 2017 to present  

### Phantom I 
The **Phantom I**, also known as "The New Phantom," was introduced in 1925 to replace the Rolls-Royce Silver Ghost.  

### Phantom II 
The **Phantom II** debuted in 1929 while production of the Phantom I continued until 1931. Production of the Phantom II ended in 1935.  

### Phantom III 
The **Phantom III** was the last pre-war Rolls-Royce model, produced from 1936 to 1939. A gold Phantom III appeared in the 1964 James Bond film *Goldfinger*.  

### Phantom IV 
After an eleven-year gap, Rolls-Royce introduced the **Phantom IV** in 1950. Only 18 units were made, and owners included members of the British royal family and several heads of state. Production ended in 1956.  

### Phantom V 
Three years later, Rolls-Royce introduced the **Phantom V** in 1959. The British Royal Family owned two Phantom Vs. Production ceased in 1968.  

### Phantom VI 
The **Phantom VI** followed in 1968, with 374 units produced before manufacturing ended in 1990.  

### Phantom VII 
After a thirteen-year hiatus, BMW acquired the Rolls-Royce marque and launched the **Phantom VII** in 2003. The Series I ran from 2003 to 2012, and the Series II was introduced in 2012 as a 2013 model, remaining in production until 2017.  

### Phantom VIII 
Introduced in late 2017, the **Phantom VIII** is regarded as one of the most advanced and luxurious sedans ever made. Two versions exist: Series I (2017–2022) and Series II (2023–present).  

## References
Dazzler (Marvel Comics)

**Dazzler**, also known as **Alison Blaire**, is a fictional superheroine appearing in Marvel Comics. She was created by writer Tom DeFalco and artist John Romita Jr., making her first appearance in *Uncanny X-Men* #130 in February 1980.

## Overview 
Alison Blaire is a talented singer and songwriter who discovers she has the mutant ability to convert sound, particularly her singing, into powerful light and energy-based attacks. Her mutant powers allow her to generate dazzling, multicolored light displays and energy blasts, making her both a performer and a superhero.

Dazzler can produce various forms of light, from dazzling flashes to powerful beams. She can convert sound waves into light and energy, often using her voice as a conduit. She is skilled in hand-to-hand combat and self-defense.

Dazzler has been a member of the X-Men and other superhero teams. She often balances her career as a performer with her responsibilities as a hero, and her unique powers make her a distinctive member of the mutant community.

Dazzler was notable for being one of the few mutant characters with a career in entertainment, reflecting her dual identity as a performer and hero. She has appeared in various comic series, animated shows, and has been considered an icon representing the intersection of music and superhero culture.
List of resident commissioners in Swaziland

This is a list of the **resident commissioners of Swaziland**, a kingdom in Southern Africa which gained full independence in 1968. 

## Resident commissioners
## Related pages
*High Commissioner for Southern Africa

## References
Erika Vikman

**Erika Vikman** (born 20 February 1993), is a Finnish singer and songwriter. She represented Finland at the Eurovision Song Contest 2025 with the song "".

## Career
She released her debut studio album, ''*, on 20 August 2021, the album peaked at number on the Finnish Albums Chart. The album includes the singles "", "", "Häpeä" and "Tääl on niin kuuma". In January 2025, Vikman was announced as one of the competing entries taking part in *Uuden Musiikin Kilpailu'' (UMK), a music competition organised by Yle to select the entry for the Eurovision Song Contest 2025. The Final of UMK took place on 8 February 2025, she won the contest with a total of 430 points, she finished second in the Jury and won the Televote. She will represent Finland at the Eurovision Song Contest 2025 with the song "". On 17 May 2025, she finished 11th in the Grand Final.

## Discography
### Studio albums
### Extended plays
### Singles
## References
Alsodes coppingeri

***Alsodes coppingeri*** is a frog.  It lives in Chile and Argentina.

## Home
This frog lives in forests that are not very hot or very cold and on cold grassland with mountains all around. People see it in leafy plants, under rocks, and near streams. Scientists have seen the frog between 0 and 300 meters above sea level.

This frog lives in at least one protected place: Bernardo O'Higgins National Park.

## Young
This frog hatches out of its egg as a tadpole, not a froglet.

## Danger
Scientists do not know if this frog is in danger of dying out. American mink that people brought from other parts of the world can kill this frog.

## First paper
*

## References
List of MeSH codes (E03)

The following is a partial list of the "E" codes for Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), as defined by the United States National Library of Medicine (NLM).

This list continues the information at List of MeSH codes (E02). Codes following these are found at List of MeSH codes (E04). For other MeSH codes, see List of MeSH codes.

The source for this content is the set of 2006 MeSH Trees from the NLM.

## – anesthesia and analgesia
### – analgesia
*  – acupuncture analgesia
*  – analgesia, epidural
*  – analgesia, obstetrical
*  – analgesia, patient-controlled
*  – audioanalgesia
*  – neuroleptanalgesia
*  – transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation
*  – electroacupuncture

### – anesthesia
*  – anesthesia, conduction
*  – anesthesia, epidural
*  – anesthesia, caudal
*  – anesthesia, local
*  – anesthesia, spinal
*  – nerve block
*  – autonomic nerve block
*  – anesthesia, dental
*  – hypnosis, dental
*  – anesthesia, general
*  – anesthesia, inhalation
*  – anesthesia, closed-circuit
*  – anesthesia, rectal
*  – anesthesia, intratracheal
*  – anesthesia, intravenous
*  – anesthesia, obstetrical
*  – cryoanesthesia
*  – electroacupuncture
*  – hypnosis, anesthetic
*  – hypnosis, dental

### – anesthesia recovery period
### – conscious sedation
### – electronarcosis
### – hypotension, controlled
### – neuromuscular blockade
### – preanesthetic medication
----
The list continues at List of MeSH codes (E04).
Alsodes vanzolinii

'''Vanzolini's Spiny-chest Frog'* (*Alsodes vanzolinii'') is a frog.  It lives in Chile.

## Body
The adult male frog is 36.4 – 52.2 mm long from nose to rear end and the adult female frog is 42.7 – 54.4 mm long. Adult frogs have brown skin on their backs with white spots. There is a yellow triangle on the head. There is dark color between the eyes and nose. There are dark stripes on all four legs. Adult frogs' bellies are white in color but young frogs' bellies are darker in color.

## Home
This frog lives in forests. People also found it on pine tree farms. Scientists have seen the frog between 50 and 700 meters above sea level.

This frog lives in two protected places, Los Ruiles and Los Queules National Reserves, but they are both small.

## Young
The eggs are yellow in color and about 2.33 mm across. The tadpoles swim in pools in streams.

## Danger
Scientists say this frog is in big danger of dying out. People change the places where the frog lives to grow pine trees and build towns. Fires can also kill this frog.

## First paper
*

## References
Casey Means

**Casey Means** (born **Paula Casey Means**; September 24, 1987) is an American former physician, businesswoman, author and politician. She has been seen as one of the leaders of the Make America Healthy Again movement.

Means is known for her works about functional medicine, a form of alternative medicine. She co-founded the health company Levels. Means co-wrote *Good Energy*, a wellness book with her brother, Calley, in 2024.

In May 2025, President Donald Trump nominated Means as surgeon general, after he withdrew Janette Nesheiwat's nomination. 

## Early life 
Casey was born on September 24, 1987. She was raised in Washington, D.C.. Her father, Grady Means, worked as an assistant to Vice President Nelson Rockefeller. Means graduated with a bachelor's degree from Stanford University before earning a Doctor of Medicine degree from Stanford Medical School.

After medical school, she started a residency in the Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery of Oregon Health and Science University. Six months before the end of the five year program, she dropped out of her surgical residency, having become a critic of the healthcare in the United States.

## Career
In 2019, she co-founded the digital health company Levels Health. Casey and Calley Means wrote the 2024 book *Good Energy: The Surprising Connection Between Metabolism and Limitless Health*. Means stopped treating patients, and her medical license became inactive in January 2024.

### 2024 presidential election
In October 2024, it was reported that she was seen as a possible candidate to lead the Food and Drug Administration under a second Trump administration. During the 2024 presidential election, Means was active in Robert F. Kennedy Jr.'s presidential campaign and supported his Make America Healthy Again platform.

After Trump was elected and Kennedy Jr. was nominated for U.S. Secretary of Health and Human Services, Kennedy Jr. had asked Trump to think about nominating Means for surgeon general or FDA commissioner.

## U.S. Surgeon General
On May 7, 2025, the Trump administration withdrew Janette Nesheiwat's nomination as surgeon general. Hours later, Trump announced that he would nominate Means as surgeon general. Trump said he did not know Means but nominated her because Health Secretary Kennedy Jr. recommended her for the job.

## References
## Other websites
* Official website
Thorium dioxide

s of thorianite, the mineral form of thorium dioxide.]]

**Thorium dioxide**, also known as **thorium(IV) oxide** or **thoria**, is a chemical compound made of thorium and oxygen. It has the chemical formula . Like every thorium compound, it is radioactive.

It can be found as the mineral **thorianite**. Thorianite is similar to pitchblende, but rarer.

## Properties 
Thorium dioxide is a refractory material with a melting point above . This is the highest known melting point of all oxides. Only a few elements and some specialized compounds have higher melting points.

Thorium dioxide shines with a bright blue light when heated and exposed to air. It is candoluminescent, meaning it emits more visible light than an ideal blackbody would at the same temperature. Because of this, people used to use thorium dioxide in gas mantles, especially mixed with cerium dioxide.

## Sources
I Wonder (Kanye West song)

"**I Wonder**" is a song by American rapper Kanye West, released as the fourth track on his third studio album, Graduation (2007). It was released September 11, 2007 with his album *Graduation.* The song was set to be the first song on the album but was changed for Good Morning. This song peaked at number 41 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart and achieved platinum and triple platinum certifications in the US and UK. In 2021 the song went viral on TikTok and gained popularity.

The song is performed by Kanye West. The song was written and produced by him; while Labi Siffre received a songwriting credit due to the sampling of his work. This song samples "My Song" by Labi Siffre and "Ambitionz Az a Ridah" by 2Pac.

"I wonder"peaked at number 41 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart and achieved platinum and triple platinum certifications in the US and UK. This song is one of the biggest on the album with 928,274,803 streams on Spotify as of November 11, 2023 and getting 626,122 daily.
Oxalate

).]] 
**Oxalate** (also known as **ethanedioate**) is a salt or ester of oxalic acid. It is also an ion of oxalic acid. It is a conjugate base of hydrogenoxalate. The chemical formula is  when it exists as an ion itself. It is formed when oxalic acid dissolves in water (which splits into an oxalate anion and two hydrons). Oxalate salts and esters are colourless.

## Examples
*Sodium oxalate: 
*Magnesium oxalate: 
*Potassium oxalate: 
*Calcium oxalate: 
*Dimethyl oxalate: 
*Diethyl oxalate: 

## Related pages
*Carboxylate
*Carboxylic acid
Csángós

The **Csángós** (; ) are ethnic Hungarians of Roman Catholic faith living mostly in the Romanian region of Moldavia, especially in Bacău County. The region where the Csángós live in Moldavia is known as Csángó Land. Their traditional language, Csángó, a Hungarian dialect, is used by only a minority  of the Csángó population group (as of the 2020s).

## Sources
Cerium(III) oxide

**Cerium(III) oxide**, also called **cerium sesquioxide**, is a chemical compound made of cerium and oxygen. It has the chemical formula .

## Uses 
Cerium(III) oxide can react with oxygen in the air to make cerium(IV) oxide. This is used to reuse the cerium(IV) oxide catalyst in catalytic converters.

## References
2025 Indo-Pak ceasefire agreement

On May 10, 2025, a ceasefire agreement claimed to be brokered by the United States was signed between the Republic of India and the Islamic Republic of Pakistan. The conflict began on May 7, 2025, when the Indian Armed Forces launched an attack on Pakistan in retaliation for the Pahalgam incident. Following Indian missile strikes on Pakistan, numerous demonstrations erupted worldwide in response to the conflict. Since the ceasefire took effect, both India and Pakistan are accusing each other for violating the ceasefire.Both the Government of India and the Government of Pakistan have claimed victory after the ceasefire was declared.

## Background 
Main article: 2025 India–Pakistan conflict
Following the Pahalgam attack on April 22, 2025, the Indian Armed Forces executed missile strikes on Pakistan. In retaliation, Pakistan launched operations against Indian military bases on May 10, 2025. Amid rising tensions, several countries, including the US, UK, and China, called for diplomatic dialogue between India and Pakistan to avert further conflict.

## Allegations of Violations 
Following a ceasefire announcement, loud explosions and projectiles were reported over Srinagar and Jammu in Indian-administered Kashmir. In response, Pakistani Information Minister Atta Tarar dismissed India's claims of ceasefire violations by Pakistan as false and "baseless." Pakistan also accused India of breaching the ceasefire in Pakistan-administered Kashmir.

## Related pages 
* 2025 Pahalgam attack
* 2025 India–Pakistan conflict
* 2025 India–Pakistan diplomatic crisis
* Protests against the 2025 India-Pakistan conflict

## References
Dei

***Dei*** is the genitive singular of *Deus*, the Latin word for "god" or "deity".

**DEI** is an abbreviation of, diversity, equity, and inclusion.

*DEI* or *Dei* can also be

## Business and organisations
* Dale Earnhardt, Inc., a former NASCAR team, now a museum
* Dayalbagh Educational Institute, in Agra, India
* Directed Electronics, Inc., American manufacturer of vehicle security systems
* Dutch East Indies, the Dutch colonial apparatus in the East Indies, now known as Indonesia.
* Public Power Corporation, (Greek: ) the Greek national electrical company
* Senckenberg German Entomological Institute (formerly German Entomological Institute, German: ), an entomological research institute in Germany

## Other uses
* Darrell Edward Issa, U.S. representative from California
* DEI (Dabney Eats It), motto of Dabney House at California Institute of Technology
* Dei Rural LLG, a local government in Papua New Guinea
* Benedetto Dei (1417–1492), Italian poet and historian
* *Destroy Erase Improve*, 1995 extreme metal album by Meshuggah
* Divide et impera
* Doofenshmirtz Evil Incorporated, a fictional company in the *Phineas and Ferb* animated TV series

* 
* Deus (disambiguation)
Mostafa Marian (athlete)

**Mostafa Marian** (born July 21, 2004) is an Iranian para-athlete specializing in discus throw and shot put events. He has represented Iran in various international competitions, including the 2024 Summer Paralympics.

## Career 
Marian began his athletic career in 2016, focusing on field events within para-athletics. He competed in the F56 classification and participated in international competitions such as the World Para Athletics Grand Prix and the 2024 Summer Paralympics in Paris.

## Doping violation 
In December 2024, the International Paralympic Committee (IPC) announced that Marian received a three-year ban for an anti-doping rule violation. A urine sample collected out-of-competition on August 27, 2024, tested positive for methasterone, an anabolic steroid prohibited under the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) 2024 Prohibited List. Marian accepted the sanction, resulting in a suspension from August 31, 2024, to August 30, 2027.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Mostafa Marian – International Paralympic Committee
Titanium tetrachloride

titanium tetrachloride.]]

**Titanium tetrachloride** is a chemical compound made of titanium and chlorine. It has the chemical formula . Titanium tetrachloride is an important step in making titanium metal from ores.

## Properties 
Pure titanium tetrachloride is a colorless liquid at room temperature. Impurities like vanadium oxychloride can give it a yellow color.

Titanium tetrachloride reacts with water to make titanium dioxide and hydrochloric acid.

## Preparation 
Titanium tetrachloride is made using the chloride process. Impure titanium dioxide is treated with chlorine gas and refined carbon, making the tetrachloride and carbon monoxide. Distillation is used to separate out impurities.

## Uses 
Titanium tetrachloride is used in the Kroll process to make titanium metal. It is also used to make pure titanium dioxide, which is used as a pigment.

Titanium tetrachloride was used to make smoke screens for warships during the Second World War.

## References
Younes Seifipour

**Younes Seifipour** (born 3 April 1991) is an Iranian Paralympic athlete who competes in shot put, discus throw, and club throw events in the F32 classification. He has represented Iran in several international competitions, including the 2016 Summer Paralympics, the 2014 Asian Para Games, and the 2018 Asian Para Games, earning multiple medals.

## Career 
Seifipour began his para-athletic career in the early 2010s and quickly rose to prominence in throwing disciplines. He became one of Iran’s top competitors in the F32 class and has participated in global and continental competitions.

## Achievements 
* **Gold medal** – 2014 Asian Para Games, Incheon – Men's shot put F32 (6.85 meters)
* **Gold medal** – 2018 Asian Para Games, Jakarta – Men's club throw F32 (30.16 meters)
* **Bronze medal** – 2018 Asian Para Games, Jakarta – Men's shot put F32 (6.98 meters)
* **5th place** – 2016 Summer Paralympics, Rio de Janeiro – Men's shot put F32 (8.40 meters)

## References 
## Other Websites 
* Younes Seifipour – International Paralympic Committee
* Profile at the Iranian National Paralympic Committee