open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Basophil

]

**Basophils**, or **basophil granulocytes**, are rare granulocytes.  If you had 10,000 white blood cells, only 1–30 of them would be basophils.

Basophils contain large cytoplasmic granules. When stained, the granules hide the cell nucleus from sight. However, when unstained, the nucleus is visible and it usually has two s.

The mast cell, another granulocyte, is similar in appearance and function. Both cell types store histamine, a chemical that is secreted by the cells when stimulated. However, they come from different cell lines. Mast cells usually do not circulate in the blood stream, but instead stay in connective tissue. Like all circulating granulocytes, basophils go from the blood into a tissue when needed.

The name comes from the fact that these leukocytes are basophilic, i.e., they are stained by basic dyes, as shown in the illustrations.

How they work is not well understood. Basophils have protein receptors on their cell membrane which binds IgE, an immunoglobulin involved in macroparasite defence and allergy. They are found in unusually high numbers at sites of ectoparasite infection, for example, by ticks.

## References
Thomas the Tank Engine

**Thomas the Tank Engine** is a fictional steam locomotive in *The Railway Series* books by the Reverend Wilbert Awdry and his son, Christopher. He became the most popular character in the series. He is the title character in the television series, *Thomas and Friends*.

## Origins
On Christmas 1942, Wilbert Awdry gave his son Christopher a wooden model of a blue steam engine. Christopher named it Thomas. Wilbert would later write the second *Railway Series* book focused on Thomas. He published the book after his wife Margaret encouraged him to do so. Illustrated by Reginald Payne, Thomas was based on an LB&SCR E2 class tank engine.

## Characteristics
Thomas is introduced as being very cheeky and fussy. He thinks his job is the most important one, and thus looks down on everyone else despite being the smallest at the time. He also tends to ignore advice and prefer doing jobs on his own. These two flaws cause him to get into accidents a lot. As the series goes on, Thomas became less selfish and got more mature over time.

## Reception
### Awards
Thomas was the only fictional character included in *The Independent on Sunday*s 2009 "Happy List". He was listed alongside 98 real-life adults and a therapy dog for making Britain a better and happier place. In 2011, Thomas appeared on a series of 1st class UK postage stamps handed out by the Royal Mail. The postal service company did this to mark the centenary of the birth of Wilbert Awdry.

### Legacy 
From 2014, the  in Japan dressed up five of their locomotives to look like characters from *Thomas and Friends*. These characters are Thomas, Hiro, Percy, James, and Rusty. The locomotives are based at Shin-Kanaya Station. Train rides operate between Shin-Kanaya Station and Ieyama Station.

The 2015 Marvel superhero movie *Ant-Man* features a model of Thomas. Director Peyton Reed and his production team had made sure not to make Thomas seen as evil by children. They achieved this by writing Thomas as neutral during the fighting sequence and rendering him using computer graphics to make production simpler.

Video game players have frequently modified released games to include Thomas and other characters. One of the first popular efforts was replacing dragons with *Thomas and Friends* characters in the game *The Elder Scrolls: Skyrim* in 2013. Since then, Thomas has been incorporated into other games like *Grand Theft Auto V*, *Sonic the Hedgehog* and the 2019 *Resident Evil 2* remake.

## Related pages 
* '''' &ndash; an American short story featuring a similar blue locomotive character
* Hatsune Miku &ndash; a Japanese vocal synthesiser mascot with similar characteristics and cultural influence as Thomas

## References 
## Sources 
* 
* 

## Other websites 
* 
*
Lifestylez ov da Poor & Dangerous

***Lifestylez ov da Poor & Dangerous*** is the first studio album by American rapper, Big L. *Lifestylez ov da Poor & Dangerous* was released on March 28, 1995 through Columbia Records. The album featured the singles "Put It On", "M.V.P.", and "No Endz, No Skinz".

The album first appeared on the *Billboard* 200 at #149. It reached at #22 on the R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart. Since August 2000, It has sold over 200,000 copies since August 2000

The album was well received. The Source gave the album 4 out of 5 mics and said "[Big L] comes with ill animated lyrics, combined with metaphors that stun; a combo sure to have suckas on the run".

## Track listing
## References
## Other websites
*
Charles W. Robinson

**Charles Wesley Robinson** (September 7, 1919 - May 20, 2014) was an American entrepreneur. He served as United States Deputy Secretary of State from 1975 through 1976 under the Gerald Ford administration.

## References
Emmaboda IS

**Emmaboda IS** is a sports club in Emmaboda in Sweden. It was established in 1927.

The men's soccer team has played three seasons in the Swedish second division.

## References
## Other websites
*Official website
Jorge Sassi

**Jorge Alberto Sassi** (17 November 1947 &ndash; 9 February 2015) was an Argentine actor. He was known for his roles in  *Valientes*, *Heartbreakers*, and *A dos aguas*. Sassi was born in Rafaela, Santa Fe, Argentina.

Sassi died of renal failure at his home in Buenos Aires, Argentina, aged 67.

## References
## Other websites
*
Lunar calendar

A **lunar calendar** is a calendar that is based on the phases of the Moon. Because there are slightly more than twelve lunar months (29.53 days each) in a solar year, the period of 12 lunar months (354.37 days) is sometimes referred to as a **lunar year**.

A common purely lunar calendar is the Islamic calendar.The First Islamic Calendar was First introduced in the reign of 2nd khalipha Umar ibn khitab(r.a). It is calculated from one crescent moon to the next crescent moon. A feature of the Islamic calendar is that a year is always 12 months. So the months are not linked with the seasons. They  each solar year by 11 to 12 days. It comes back to the position it had in relation to the solar year approximately every 33 Islamic years. It is used mainly for religious s, but in Saudi Arabia it is the official calendar. Other lunar calendars often include extra months added occasionally to synchronize it with the solar calendar.

The oldest known lunar calendar was found in Scotland. It dates back to around 8,000 BC.

## References
Rauni-Leena Luukanen-Kilde

**Rauni-Leena Luukanen-Kilde** (15 November 1939 &ndash; 8 February 2015) was a Finnish physician. She wrote and taught about parapsychology, ufology and mind control.

Luukanen-Kilde died in Vaasa in February 2015 after a long illness, aged 75.

## References
Kathrine Windfeld

**Kathrine Windfeld** (21 August 1966 &ndash; 6 February 2015) was a Danish movie and television director. She was known for the 2012 Swedish spy movie *Hamilton: In the Interest of the Nation*.

Windfeld died in February 2015 after a short illness. She was 48.

## References
## Other websites
*
St. John's Park

'''St. John's Park''' used to be a park in Lower Manhattan, New York City. It was square-shaped. To the west, north, east, and south were Varick, Laight, Hudson, and Beach Streets. The park is now a traffic circle at the Manhattan end of the Holland Tunnel to New Jersey.

It used to be a farm belonging to a New Netherland farmer. Then, the country of England  gave the park to Trinity Church. The church built St. John's Chapel, as well as some townhouses, around the park. By 1827, people living in the area were very rich. In the 1850s, many rich people moved out. In 1866, Cornelius Vanderbilt bought the park for a railroad terminal. The terminal was destroyed in 1927. The Port Authority of New York and New Jersey's Holland Tunnel was built in 1927.

## References
## Other websites
*
IFK Öxnehaga

**IFK Öxnehaga** is a sports club in Öxnehaga in Huskvarna in Sweden. It was established on 10 April 1955 as **IFK Huskvarna**.

The women's soccer team in the Swedish second division during the late 1990s and the early 2000s.

When IFK Jönköping was disbanded following the 1998 season the activity of that club was transferred to IFK öxnehaga.

The club won both the Småland women's and girls' district championship in 1999.

## References
## Other websites
* Official website
IFK Jönköping

**IFK Jönköping** was a sports club in the town of Jönköping in Sweden. Its women's soccer team played in the Swedish second division during the 1990's. The club was established in 1989 out of IK Tord's women's soccer section.

The club won the women's Småland district championship in the years of 1994, 1995 and 1997.

The women's soccer team was dissolved before the 1997. The activity was then transferred over to IFK Öxnehaga.

## References
Cheek to Cheek (album)

***Cheek to Cheek*** is a collaborative album between American pop singer-songwriter Lady Gaga and American jazz artist Tony Bennett.  The album won the 2015 Grammy Award for Best Traditional Pop Vocal Album. It was Gaga's sixth Grammy win.  The album debuted at number one on the US *Billboard* 200 chart. It was Gaga's third consecutive number-one album in the United States.

## Track listing  
* Tracks with a plain background are duets. A yellow background represents Tony Bennett solos; lavender backgrounds are Lady Gaga solos.

* Tracks with a plain background are duets. A yellow background represents Tony Bennett solos; lavender backgrounds are Lady Gaga solos.
## References
Lotorps IF

**Lotorps IF** is a sports club in Lotorp in Sweden. It was established on 15 March 1923. The women's bandy team has played three seasons in the Swedish top division. The women's soccer team played three seasons in the Swedish top division between 1978 and 1997.

## References
## Other websites
*Official website
Archaeoceti

The **Archaeoceti** ('ancient whales'), or **Zeuglodontes** in older literature, is a group of primitive cetaceans. They lived from the early Eocene to the late Oligocene, 5523 million years ago (mya). They were the first cetacean radiation, and they include the first  stages in cetacean evolution. So they are the ancestors of both modern cetacean suborders, Mysticeti and Odontoceti.

The group evolved in the shallow waters that separated India and Asia 55–45 mya. About 30 species have been found which were adapted to a fully oceanic life. Modern characters such as echolocation and filter-feeding evolved later, in a second radiation .

All archaeocetes from 55 to 48 mya are only from Indo-Pakistan. By 41–34 mya genera are known from across the Earth, including North America, Egypt, New Zealand, and Europe. They were very unlikely to be as well-adapted to the open ocean as living cetaceans, so they probably got to North America along coastal waters. They could have gone around Africa and over to South America. More likely, over the Tethys Sea (between Eurasia and Africa) and along the coasts of Europe, Greenland, and North America.

The group is a paraphyletic because it gave rise to the two separate modern suborders.

## References
Vittangi SK

** Vittangi SK** is a sports club in Vittangi in Sweden. It was established in 1959.

The women's soccer team played in the Swedish top division in 1982.

## References
## Other websites
*Vittangi SK
Söderhöjdens BK

**Söderhöjdens BK** was a sports club in the town of Stockholm in Sweden. It was established in 1971. The club played three seasons in the Swedish women's bandy top division.

## References
Staining

and actin filaments are labelled red with phalloidin]]

**Staining** is used in microscopy to make cells and tissues easier to see and understand.

This is a way to improve contrast in the microscopic image. Stains and dyes are often used in biology and medicine to highlight structures in biological tissues, often with the aid of different microscopes.

Staining can be done on living tissues (*in vivo*) or on dead tissues (*in* *vitro*).

## Preparation 
Dead tissue needs to be "fixed" so it does not decay. The fixative keeps the structure as it is. After fixation a tissue may be cut into thin slices, and put on a series of glass microscope slides. Occasionally, it is necessary to dissolve cell membranes so large dye molecules can get into the cells. Standards are published in the *Biotechnic & Histochemistry* journal.

## Staining 
The simplest way is to dip the slide plus specimen into a solution of dye, then rinse it and examine. The stains used are certified stains, tested by the Biological Stain Commission.

### Staining bacteria 
Gram staining is used to classify bacteria. It is based on the composition of their cell wall. Gram staining uses crystal violet to stain cell walls, iodine as a mordant, and a counterstain which marks all bacteria.

Gram-positive bacteria stain dark blue or violet. Their cell wall lacks the secondary membrane and lipopolysaccharide layer found in Gram-negative bacteria.

On most Gram-stained preparations, Gram-negative organisms are red or pink from the counterstain.

### Staining tissues 
 tissue stained with hematoxylin and eosin]]

Haematoxylin and eosin staining is often used in histology for thin sections of tissue. Haematoxylin stains cell nuclei blue, while eosin stains cytoplasm, connective tissue and other extracellular substances pink or red.

Eosin is strongly absorbed by red blood cells, colouring them bright red. In a skilfully made H & E preparation the red blood cells are almost orange, and collagen and cytoplasm (especially muscle) go different shades of pink. Hematoxylin stains the cell nucleus and other acidic structures (such as RNA-rich portions of the cytoplasm and the matrix of hyaline cartilage) blue. In contrast, eosin stains the cytoplasm and collagen pink.

A quick and simple stain used on blood smears, and human cheek cells is methylene blue, which stains the nuclei. There are many other specialist stains, some fluorescent under special light.

## References
Mosseruds GF

**Mosseruds GF** is a sports club in the town of Karlstad in Sweden. It was established on 8 September 1938. The men's bandy team qualified for the Swedish second division in 2010.

## References
## Other websites
*Official website
Skellefteå Innebandy IF

**Skellefteå Innebandy IF ** is a floorball club in the town of Skellefteå in Sweden. The club was established in 1986. The women's team debuted in the SSL in the 2006-2007 season.

## References
## Other websites
*Officiell webbplats
Manhattan Bridge

The **Manhattan Bridge** is a suspension bridge across the East River in New York City. It connects the New York City boroughs of Manhattan and Brooklyn. The bridge is  long.

The bridge opened on December 31, 1909. It was designed by Leon Moisseiff.

The bridge is officially landmarked. It was made a National Historic Civil Engineering Landmark in 2009.

## References 
## Other websites
*
*Manhattan Bridge at New York City Department of Transportation
Music of the Heart

***Music of the Heart*** is a 1999 American drama movie. It was directed by Wes Craven and was produced by Susan Kaplan, Marianne Maddalena, Allan Miller, and Walter Scheuer. *Music of the Heart* was released on October 29, 1999. The movie is based on the true story of Roberta Guaspari, who was the co-founder the Opus 118 Harlem School of Music. It is director Wes Craven's movie outside of the horror/thriller genre to date. It was also his first movie to receive an Academy Award nomination.

The movie gained mixed reviews from critics and holds a 64% rating on Rotten Tomatoes. Movie critic Roger Ebert gave the movie 3 out of 4 stars and said, "Meryl Streep is known for her mastery of accents; she may be the most versatile speaker in the movies. Here you might think she has no accent, unless you've heard her real speaking voice; then you realize that Guaspari's speaking style is no less a particular achievement than Streep's other accents. This is not Streep's voice, but someone else's - with a certain flat quality, as if later education and refinement came after a somewhat unsophisticated childhood."

The movie was nominated for two Academy Awards; Meryl Streep was nominated for Best Actress and scored songwriter Diane Warren was nominated for Best Original Song for the song "Music of My Heart". Streep was also nominated for a Golden Globe Award in the category of Best Actress in a Motion Picture – Drama.

## Cast 
* Meryl Streep as Roberta Guaspari
* Gloria Estefan as Isabel Vasquez
* Angela Bassett as Principal Janet Williams
* Aidan Quinn as Brian Turner
* Cloris Leachman as Assunta Guaspari
* Jane Leeves as Dorothea von Haeften

## References
## Other websites 
*Official website
*
Williamsburg Bridge

The **Williamsburg Bridge** is a suspension bridge in New York City. It goes between the boroughs of Manhattan and Brooklyn. The bridge opened on December 19, 1903. It is free to cross.
__NOTOC__
## History
The bridge was built starting in 1896. It cost $24,200,000.  Until 1924, it was the world's longest suspension bridge.

The bridge has been rebuilt since the 1980s. It was closed in 1988 after cracks were found on the bridge. A bicycle lane was also built on the bridge.

In 2003, the bridge turned 100 years old.  On June 22, 2003, people held a party on the bridge to celebrate the bridge's age. In 2009, the bridge was made a National Historic Civil Engineering Landmark.

## Train tracks
The bridge carries subway tracks of the BMT Nassau Street Line. In the early 20th century it also had trolley tracks.

## References 
## Other websites
*
*Williamsburg Bridge info from NYCDOT
Viktor Andersson

**Viktor Andersson**, born 28 September 1982, is a Swedish floorball player. He is a defender, he has represented several club teams. He has played in the SSL. His first club is Hagaboda SK.

## Clubs
Throughout the years he has represented the following clubs:

*1995/1996 - Fagerhult Habo IBK Ungdom, Sweden
*1995/96 - 1998/99 - Fagerhult Habo IBK, Sweden
*1999/00-2001/02 - Mullsjö AIS, Sweden
*2001/2002-2003/04 - Jönköpings IK, Sweden
*2003/2004-2004/2005 - Fagerhult Habo IBK, Sweden
*2005/2006-2006/07 - Jönköpings IK, Sweden
*2007/08 - Basel Magic, Switzerland
*2008/09 - 2009/2010 - Mullsjö AIS, Sweden
*2010/11 - Fagerhult Habo IBK, Sweden
*2011/2012-2013/2014 - IBK Landskrona, Sweden

## References
Queensboro Bridge

The **Queensboro Bridge** is a cantilever bridge over the East River in New York City. The bridge is also named the **59th Street Bridge** because its end in Manhattan is between 59th and 60th streets. It was finished in 1909. The Queensboro Bridge connects Midtown Manhattan with Long Island City in the borough of Queens. It goes over Roosevelt Island. The bridge is  long. The bridge was renamed after New York City mayor Ed Koch in 2011. Its official name is now the **Ed Koch Queensboro Bridge**. 

To the north is a tramway that travels in the air. This tramway goes from Manhattan  to Roosevelt Island.  

From 1909 to 1917, the span of the bridge between Manhattan and Roosevelt Island was the longest cantilever span in North America.

The bridge used to carry elevated trains. It now carries cars. Since 2000, people can walk across the bridge.

The roadway that uses the bridge is numbered New York State Route 25.

## References 
## Other websites
* 
* Queensboro Bridge at New York City Department of Transportation
Roosevelt Island

**Roosevelt Island** is a narrow island in the East River in New York City. To the west is Manhattan Island, and to the east is the New York City borough of Queens. Roosevelt Island is part of the borough of Manhattan.

## Facts 
The island is about  long. The widest point on this island is about  wide. The island's total area is . According to the US Census of 2020, 11,722 people lived on the island. The Queensboro Bridge passes over the southern part of the island but there is no way to get to the island from it.

Roosevelt Island is owned by the city, but is leased to the state of New York. Most people who live on Roosevelt Island rent apartments. There is also a housing cooperative building (where tenants own, rather than rent, part of the building) and a condominium building.

## Transport 
People get to and from Roosevelt Island in different ways:
*The Roosevelt Island Tramway is a cable car that goes between Manhattan and Roosevelt Island in just 3 minutes and has a great view of Manhattan. Over 26 million people have used the tram.
*The IND 63rd Street Line of the New York City Subway passes under Roosevelt Island and has one station on the island. It is served by the F train which goes between Queens and Brooklyn passing through Manhattan.
*A bridge known as the Roosevelt Island Bridge links Roosevelt Island to Queens. It is the only way for cars to get to and from the island, and it is also used by some buses operated by the MTA.

Roosevelt Island has many bicycle trails and walking paths for people to explore the island with. There is also a free bus service, called the "Red Bus", that gets people around the island and to the cable car terminal and subway station.

## History 
Roosevelt Island was called **Minnehanonck** by the Lenape Native Americans. Later, it was called **Varkens Eylandt** (Hog Island) by people who lived in New Netherland. During Britain's colonization of the United States, the island was named **Blackwells Island**. It was known as **Welfare Island** when hospitals were opened on the island between 1921 to 1971. It was renamed Roosevelt Island in 1971, after U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt.

## References 
## Other websites 
*
Värnamo FK

**Värnamo FK** is a sports club in the town of Värnamo in Sweden. The club won the Swedish women's national volleyball championship in the years of 1970, 1972, 1973 and 1974.

## References
## Other werbsites
*Official website
Bosöns IK

**Bosöns IK** was a sports club in Bosön in Sweden. The club won the Swedish women's national volleyball championship in the years of 1962, 1963, 1964 samt 1966 and 1967.

## References
Progona VBK

**Progona VBK** is a volleyball club in the town of Gothenburg in Sweden. The club won the Swedish men's national championship in the year of 1983.

## References
Alingsås VBK

**Alingsås VBK** is a volleyball club in the town of Alingsås in Sweden. It was established on 1 June 1961. The club joined the Swedish Volleyball Federation on 19 December the same year. The club won the Swedish women's national championship in the year of 1971.

## References
Floby VK

**Floby VK** is a volleyball club in Floby in Sweden. It was established on 12 February 1962. The club won the Swedish men's national championship in the years of 1982 and 1997.

## References
## Other websites
*Official website
Random Hearts

***Random Hearts*** is a 1999 American romantic drama movie. It was directed by Sydney Pollack and was produced by Martin Jurow and Marykay Powell. *Random Hearts* was released on October 8, 1999. The movie is based on the novel of the same name by Warren Adler.
## Reviews
The movie gained mixed reviews from critics and holds a 15% rating on Rotten Tomatoes. Movie critic Roger Ebert said, "There are so many good things in *Random Hearts*, but they're side by side instead of one after the other. They exist in the same film, but they don't add up to the result of the film. Actually, the film has no result—just an ending, leaving us with all of those fine pieces, still waiting to come together. If this were a screenplay and not the final product, you could see how with one more rewrite, it might all fall into place."

## Cast 
* Harrison Ford as Sergeant William 'Dutch' Van Den Broeck
* Kristin Scott Thomas as Kay Chandler
* Charles S. Dutton as Alcee
* Bonnie Hunt as Wendy Judd
* Dennis Haysbert as Detective George Beaufort
* Sydney Pollack as Carl Broman
* Richard Jenkins as Truman Trainor
* Paul Guilfoyle as Dick Montoya
* Susanna Thompson as Peyton Van Den Broeck
* Peter Coyote as Cullen Chandler
* Kate Mara as Jessica Chandler
* Susan Floyd as Molly Roll
* Dylan Baker as Richard Judd
* Lynne Thigpen as Phyllis Bonaparte
* Reiko Aylesworth as Mary Claire Clark
* Edie Falco as Janice
* Alex Trebek as Himself

## References
## Other websites 
*
Katrineholms VK

**Katrineholms VK** is a volleyball club in the town of Katrineholm in Sweden. It was established on 30 March 1977 as a breakout out of KFUM Katrineholm's volleyball section. The club won the Swedish women's national championship in the years of 2010, 2011 and 2013

## References
## Other websites
*Official website
Kungälvs VBK

**Kungälvs VBK** is a volleyball club in Kungälv in Sweden. The club was established in 1973. The club won the Swedish men's national championship in the years of 1989, 1991, 1992 and 1993.

## References
## Other websites
*Official website
Three to Tango

***Three to Tango*** is a 1999 American romantic comedy movie. It was directed by Damon Santostefano. *Three to Tango* was released on October 22, 1999.

The movie gained negative reviews from critics and holds a 28% rating on Rotten Tomatoes.

## Cast 
* Matthew Perry as Oscar Novak
* Neve Campbell as Amy Post
* Dylan McDermott as Charles Newman
* Oliver Platt as Peter Steinberg
* Cylk Cozart as Kevin Cartwright
* John C. McGinley as Strauss
* Bob Balaban as Decker
* Deborah Rush as Lenore
* Kelly Rowan as Olivia Newman
* Rick Gomez as Rick
* Patrick Van Horn as Zack
* David Ramsey as Bill
* Barbara Gordon as Jenny Novak
* Roger Dunn as Edward Novak

## References
## Other websites 
*
Michael Smerconish

**Michael A. Smerconish** (born March 15, 1962) is a  talk show host. He has a radio program on Sirius XM Satellite Radio. He has a television program on Cable News Network (CNN). He is a lawyer in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania for the law firm Kline and Specter. Smerconish is a columnist for the Philadelphia Inquirer. He has often been a guest host for other talk show hosts. This includes Joe Scarborough of MSNBC and Bill O'Reilly of Fox News Network.  He made this announcement on MSNBC's *Hardball with Chris Matthews*. On August 20, 2009, Smerconish became the first talk radio host to broadcast live from the Obama White House. That show which included an interview with the President. The interview was held in the Diplomatic Reception Room. That is where President Franklin D. Roosevelt's fireside chats were held. The President took questions from Smerconish and his listeners on a variety of subjects. One subject was the recent debates on the pending Healthcare Reform Bill.
In 2010, Smerconish said in the *Huffington Post* that he had switched his party registration from Republican to independent. When it was said that David Duke had been tied to Republican House leader Steve Scalise in the past, Smerconish interviewed Duke to discuss this.

## Books
Smerconish has written several books. Two of them were on *The New York Times* Best Seller list. 

They are:
* *Flying Blind: How Political Correctness Continues to Compromise Airline Safety Post 9/11* (2004)
* *Muzzled: From T-Ball to Terrorism, True Stories that Should Be Fiction* (2006)
* *Murdered By Mumia: A Life Sentence of Loss, Pain and Injustice* (2008)
* *Morning Drive: Things I Wish I Knew Before I Started Talking (2009)
* *Instinct: The Man Who Stopped the 20th Hijacker* (2009)
* *Talk: a Novel of Politics and the Media'' (2014)

## References 
## Other websites 
*
Lidingö SK

**Lidingö SK** is a sports club in Lidingö in Sweden. The men's volleyball team won the Swedish national championshis 18 times between 1966 and 1981. The team then won again in 1987 and 1990.

The men's junior volleyball team won the Swedish national championship for four times in a row between 1975 and 1978.

## References
## Other websites
*Lidingös SK  
*Lidingös SK handboll  
*Lidingös SK Volleyboll
Sävsjö BK

**Sävsjö BK** was a bandy club in Sävsjö in Sweden. It was established in 1971. Jonas Claesson played for the team. He debuted for the team in Division 2 as a 13 years old. At age 14 he switched to Vetlanda BK.

The women's team has played two seasons in the Swedish top division., 1972/1973 and 1973/1974.

## References
Deng Liqun

**Deng Liqun** (November 27, 1915 – February 10, 2015) was a Chinese former official and high-ranking member of the Communist Party of China. Deng was born in Guidong County, Hunan province, and joined the Party in 1936. Later, he served as secretary to President Liu Shaoqi. 

## References
Long Island Rail Road

The **Long Island Rail Road**, often called the **LIRR**, is a commuter rail system in New York. Its lines travel from Manhattan to Suffolk County on eastern Long Island. Over 334,000 people ride the LIRR every day. It is North America's busiest commuter railroad. It is also one of the few commuter systems in the world that runs 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, 365 days a year.

The LIRR was created in 1834. It has never stopped operating since then. In the 1870s it was consolidated with the other railroads on Long Island. It is the oldest U.S. railroad that still has its original name. The LIRR has 124 stations and more than  of railroad tracks, The LIRR has a total of  of train routes.

It is owned by the Metropolitan Transportation Authority. The LIRR is one of two commuter rail systems owned by the MTA. The MTA also runs the Metro-North Railroad to New York's Hudson Valley and to Connecticut.
It’s rolling stock consists of Budd M3 and Bombardier M7 EMUs from the 1980s and 2000s respectively, and Kawasaki M9 EMUs currently under construction. Diesel service is provided by Kawasaki C3 coaches pulled by EMD DE30AC and DM30AC locomotives, built in the late 1990s

## References
Donald H. Clausen

**Donald Holst "Don" Clausen** (April 27, 1923 – February 7, 2015) is a former U.S. Representative from California. He served in the office for twenty years from 1963 through 1983. Clausen was a member of the Republican Party.

Clausen died on January 7, 2015 in Fortuna, California, aged 91.

## References
Waterview Tower

**111 W. Wacker** (formally **Waterview Tower**) is a skyscraper under construction in downtown Chicago, Illinois, United States.  The original plan called for it to be  tall.

## References
## Other websites
*Waterview Tower on Chicago Architecture Info 
*Official renderings of upcoming building
*Additional Renderings
Gustaf Nordqvist

**Gustaf Nordqvist**, born 12 February 1886 in Stockholm, Sweden, died 28 January 1949 in Stockholm, Sweden was a Swedish composer, church musician and professor. He wrote music for the Christmas song *Jul, jul, strålande jul*.

## References
Edvard Evers

**Edvard Evers** (born May 12, 1853 in Uddevalla, Sweden, died October 22, 1919  in Stockholm) was a Swedish hymn writer and priest. He is best known for writing the lyrics  for the Christmas song *Jul, jul, strålande jul*.

## References
Regents Park (Chicago)

**Regents Park** is a 1,026 unit, upscale apartment complex in the Indian Village section of the Kenwood community area of Chicago in Cook County, Illinois, United States.

## Other websites
*Official webpage
Gideonsbergs IF

**Gideonsbergs IF** is a sports club in the town of Västerås in Sweden. The club was established in 1955. It started a women's soccer section in 1971. The women's soccer team won the Swedish national championship in 1992.  and the Swedish Cup in 1993.

The women's bandy team has played two seasons in the Swedish top division,

## References
## Other websites
*Official website
Swedish Volleyball Federation

**Swedish Volleyball Federation** () is a special sports association for volleyball in Sweden. It was established on 3 June 1961 It was appointed into the Swedish Sports Confederation in 1961. It is based in Solna.

It represents Sweden with national teams like the Sweden men's national volleyball team and the Sweden women's national volleyball team.

## References
Øyvind Bjorvatn

**Øyvind Bjorvatn** (26 April 1931 – 9 February 2015) was a Norwegian politician. He was a member of the Liberal Party and later the Liberal People's Party. He was born in Herefoss.

## Career
He was elected to the Norwegian Parliament from Aust-Agder in 1965, and was re-elected on one occasion. 

During his second term, in December 1972, Bjorvatn joined the Liberal People's Party. The party split from the Liberal Party over disagreement of Norway's proposed entry to the European Economic Community. 

He then became the party leader of the Liberal People's Party, and held this position from 1982 to 1986.

Bjorvatn was a member of Tvedestrand municipality council during the terms 1963&ndash;1967 and 1967&ndash;1971.

## Death
Bjorvatn died at the age of 83 on 9 February 2015 in Oslo.

## References
Lindesbergs VBK

**Lindesbergs VBK** is a volleyball club in Lindesberg, Sweden. It was established in 1971. The club won the Swedish women's national championship in 2012.

## References
## Other websites
*Official website
Öxabäcks IF

**Öxabäcks IF** is a sports club in Öxabäck in Sweden. It was established in 1931. The women's soccer section was established in 1966 as one of the earliest women's soccer teams in Sweden. The club adopted the name "Öxabäck/Marks IF" in 1991 to show up more of its connections with Mark Municipality. Some years later it adopted the previous name.

The women's soccer team won the Swedish national championship in the years of 1972 (unofficial), 1973, 1975, 1978, 1983, 1987 and 1988. and the Swedish Cup in the years of 1985, 1986, 1987, 1988, 1989 and 1991. The club was relegated from Damallsvenskan during the 1998 season.

The floorball section merged with Örby IF and Berghems IF in 1999 to create *Team Tygriket 99*.Team Tygriket 99 later became IBK Tygriket 99.

## References
## Other websites
*Official website
Metropolitan Transportation Authority

The **Metropolitan Transportation Authority** (**MTA**) is a government-chartered corporation that operates public transportation in the U.S. state of New York. The MTA runs buses and trains in 12 counties in southeastern New York. It also runs in two counties in southwestern Connecticut. On weekdays, about 11 million passengers use MTA buses and trains. Over 800,000 vehicles use its seven tolled bridges and two tunnels daily.

## History
The MTA was chartered by the New York state government in 1965. In 1965, it was called the Metropolitan Commuter Transportation Authority (MCTA). The MTCA was made by Governor Nelson Rockefeller to buy and run the Long Island Rail Road, which run out of money.  The MCTA became the Metropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA) in 1968. In 1968, it combined the operations of the **New York City Transit Authority** (NYCTA) and **Triborough Bridge and Tunnel Authority** (TBTA), which are now **MTA New York City Transit** (NYCT) and **MTA Bridges and Tunnels** (B&T).

The MTA also took the lease of the Penn Central Transportation's Hudson, Harlem, and New Haven commuter rail lines until 1976. In 1976, Conrail took over Penn Central. The MTA did not run these commuter rail lines by itself until 1983. In 1983, it formed the Metro-North Commuter Railroad from the Hudson, Harlem, and New Haven lines.

## MTA Bridges and Tunnels
**MTA Bridges and Tunnels** is the largest bridge and tunnel toll agency in the United States. More than a million people use its bridges and tunnels each day. MTA Bridges and Tunnels collect $900 million from tolls each year.

The seven bridges are:
* Triborough Bridge, connecting Manhattan, the Bronx, Queens, and Randalls and Wards Islands (Manhattan)
* Bronx-Whitestone Bridge, connecting the Bronx and Queens
* Verrazano-Narrows Bridge, connecting Brooklyn and Staten Island
* Throgs Neck Bridge, connecting the Bronx and Queens
* Henry Hudson Bridge, connecting Manhattan and the Bronx
* Marine Parkway-Gil Hodges Memorial Bridge, connecting Brooklyn and the Rockaways (Queens)
* Cross Bay Veterans Memorial Bridge, connecting Broad Channel to the Rockaways (Queens)

The two tunnels are:
* Brooklyn-Battery Tunnel, connecting Brooklyn and Manhattan
* Queens-Midtown Tunnel, connecting Queens and Manhattan

## New York City Transit Authority
The **New York City Transit Authority** has 5.5 million riders per day, or over 1.698 billion a year as of 2019.

The NYCTA runs:
*The New York City Subway, a subway system in Manhattan, the Bronx, Brooklyn, and Queens
*The Staten Island Railway, a subway line in Staten Island
*The New York City Bus, a bus network in all five boroughs of New York City

## References
## Other websites
* 
* New York City Transit
Transcription factor

**Transcription factors** help to regulate genes. Each transcription factor binds to a specific DNA sequence. That is how they control the rate of transcription of genetic information from DNA to messenger RNA.

A transcription factor is sometimes called a 'sequence-specific DNA-binding factor'. Alone or with other proteins, they promote or block RNA polymerase. RNA polymerase is the enzyme that copies genetic information from DNA to RNA for specific genes.

Transcription factors have one or more DNA-binding domains (DBDs). These attach to sequences of DNA next to the genes they regulate. Other proteins (such as coactivators, chromatin remodellers, histone acetylases or deacetylases, kinases, and methylases) also play crucial roles in gene regulation. Because they lack DNA-binding domains, they are not called transcription factors.

**Glossary**:
* **gene expression** – how information from a gene is used in the synthesis of a functional gene product such as a protein
* **transcription** – the process of making messenger RNA (mRNA) from a DNA template by RNA polymerase 
* **transcription factor** – a protein that binds to DNA and regulates gene expression by promoting or suppressing transcription
* 'transcriptional regulation' – *controlling* the rate of gene transcription for example by helping or hindering RNA polymerase binding to DNA
* 'upregulation', activation or promotion – *increase* the rate of gene transcription
* 'downregulation', repression or suppression – *decrease* the rate of gene transcription
* 'coactivator' – a protein that works with transcription factors to *increase* the rate of gene transcription
* 'corepressor' – a protein that works with transcription factors to *decrease* the rate of gene transcription
* 'response element' – a sequence of DNA to which a transcription factor binds 

## References
Carlo Giustini

**Carlo Giustini** (4 May 1923 – 26 October 2005) was an Italian actor. He was sometimes called as **Carlo Justini**. Giustini is known for his roles in *Wild, Wild Planet* and *War of the Planets*. He died in Rome on 26 October 2005, at the age of 89.

## References
## Other websites
*
Norman Stansfield

**Norman Stansfield** (also known as **Stansfield**) is a fictional character and the main villain of Luc Besson's 1994 movie *Léon: The Professional*. He is played by Gary Oldman.

He is a corrupt and mentally unstable Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) agent. He has been named as one of cinema's greatest villains. In honor of its influence, Noah Walden of MSN Movies described the Stansfield character as "the role that launched a thousand villains".

## References
## Other websites
Marshall Rosenberg

**Marshall Rosenberg** (October 6, 1934&nbsp;– February 7, 2015) was an American psychologist. He was the creator of Nonviolent Communication.

## Other websites
* Center For Nonviolent Communication
* Compassion Voice  Swiss-based Certified NVC Service in English and German. Founder trained by Marshall Rosenberg and Robert Gonzales.
* Big Picture TV  Free video clip of Marshall Rosenberg discussing Nonviolent Communication
*  about Nonviolent Communication in close relationships
* PuddleDancer Press: the main publisher of Nonviolent Communication related works
* Vintage 1993 video of a Dr. Marshall Rosenberg TV appearance in Tucson, Arizona
* Giving from the heart  Excerpt from the book Nonviolent Communication: A language of life
* Wiki for Nonviolent Communication
* Marshall Rosenberg Library
* Marshall Rosenberg video clips on youtube
* TruceWorks  A conflict resolution website influenced by his Nonviolent Communication Theory
Joseph Campanella

**Joseph Anthony Campanella** (November 21, 1924&nbsp;– May 16, 2018) was an American character actor. He appeared in more than two hundred television and movie roles from 1955 to 2009. He was known for his role as John Turino in *The Guiding Light*. He also starred as Harper Deveraux on the soap opera *Days of Our Lives* from 1987 to 1988.

Campanella voiced the character of Dr. Curt Connors/The Lizard on *Spider-Man: The Animated Series* (1994–97). He narrated the *Discover* science series on the Disney Channel from 1992–94.

Campanella died at the age of 93 on May 16, 2018 at his home in Sherman Oaks, Los Angeles, California of complications from Parkinson's disease.

## References
## Other websites
*
Peter Marshall

**Ralph Pierre LaCock** (March 30, 1926 &ndash; August 15, 2024), better known by his stage name **Peter Marshall** , was an American television and radio personality, singer, and actor. He was the original host of *The Hollywood Squares*, from 1966 to 1981. 

Marshall was born in Huntington, West Virginia. His sister was actress Joanne Dru.

Marshall died on August 15, 2024 from kidney failure in Los Angeles, California at the age of 98.

## References
## Other websites
*
*
*Peter Marshall official web site 
*Peter Marshall's page on the Music of Your Life website
*Interview with Peter Marshall, October 2012
*Interview with Peter Marshall, September 2012
Miller Brewing Company

**Miller Brewing Company** is an American beer company. They are owned by SABMiller. The headquarters is in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. It was founded in 1855 by Frederick Miller.

The beers sold by Miller include Miller Lite, Miller High Life and Miller Genuine Draft.

## References
Andrea Mitchell

**Andrea Mitchell** (born October 30, 1946) is an American journalist, news reporter and anchor for NBC News. She is the Chief Foreign Affairs Correspondent. She anchored *Andrea Mitchell Reports* on the MSNBC Network until after the 2025 Presidential Inauguration. She has served as a guest host on other NBC/MSNBC shows such as *Meet the Press* and *Hardball*.Mitchell was raised in a Jewish family.

Mitchell was born in New Rochelle, New York.

## References
Joint Direct Attack Munition

The **Joint Direct Attack Munition** (**JDAM**) is a set of parts that converts bombs into bombs that can seek a target by using GPS. Bombs with these parts on top use an inertial guidance system connected to a Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver. This gives them a  of up to . JDAM-equipped bombs range from  to . When installed on a bomb, the JDAM kit is given a GBU (Guided Bomb Unit) designation, instead of the "unguided bomb" JDAM is a joint project of the United States Air Force and the United States Navy.

## References
Roger Hanin

**Roger Hanin** (20 October 1925 &ndash; 11 February 2015) was a French actor and movie director. He was best known for playing the title role in the 1989–2006 TV police drama, *Navarro*.

## Other websites
*
Bob Simon

**Bob Simon** (May 29, 1941 – February 11, 2015) was an American television journalist. He was an award winning CBS News television correspondent. He was known for his appearances in *60 Minutes*.

On February 11, 2015, Simon was killed in a car crash. He was a passenger in a livery cab that collided with another car and then crashed into a middle barrier of the West Side Highway in Manhattan. Simon went into cardiac arrest and was taken to St. Luke's-Roosevelt Hospital, where he died.

## References
## Other websites
*
National Hero of Azerbaijan

The **National Hero of Azerbaijan** is the highest  in Azerbaijan. The law on the title has been in effect since December 25, 1995.

## References
Deli Fuad Pasha

**Fuad** (18351931) was a Ottoman soldier and stateman, also known as Mushir (Marshall) Deli Fuad Pasha.

Fuad Pasha was born in 1835 in Egypt and was Turkic. He was the son of Müsür Hasan Pasha. He ascended to colonel rank in Egyptian army. He came Istanbul in 1869. He won Liva rank in Ottoman Army in 1872. He took office 1877–1877 in Tuna frontline Ottoman-Russsian War. He was commander in Elena Conflict in side of Ottoman troops and gained "Elena Hero" title for his achievements. Also gained "Deli" title which means exactly "Crazy" because of his courage. But in 1902 he sent into exile by Abdulhamid II to Damascus. He returned Istanbul in 1908 when The Second Constitutional Era announcement.

He was 96 years old when he died in Istanbul.

## Notes
Alternaria brassicicola

***Alternaria brassicicola*** is a fungus which belongs to the family Pleosporaceae. The species has branched hyphae which are between 1.5 and 7.5 micrometre wide. In the beginning the hyphae are transparent but later their colour turns to brown or olive brown. The conidium are between the 5 and 8 micrometre wide and can be up to 70 micrometre long. 

## Reference 
* Seemadua S. *et al* 2011. Alternaria spot (Alternaria brassicicola)  Updated on 2/22/2011 4:17:39 PM Available online: PaDIL - http://www.padil.gov.au.
2015 Chapel Hill shooting

The **2015 Chapel Hill shooting** was an  that happened on February 10, 2015 in Chapel Hill, North Carolina. Three Muslim college students were shot dead. Their neighbor Craig Stephen Hicks was arrested for it. Families of the victims called it a hate crime. 

## History 
Police do not know why Hicks might have done it. Neighbors said Hicks was ed over people parking in his space. His Facebook page says he supports “Atheists for Equality” and d “radical Christians and radical Muslims" for causing problems in the world. They also started an investigation to see if any federal laws have been broken. On 12 June 2019, Hicks pleaded guilty to the shooting. He was sentenced to spend the rest of his life in prison. He was not convicted of any hate crime. 

## References
Alexander Cools

**Alexander Rudolf "Lex" Cools** (The Hague, 1941 – Nijmegen, 7 September 2013) was a Dutch neuroscientist. He was interested in the pharmacology of behavior. 

Cools got his Doctor of Philosophy in 1973 at the Radboud University Nijmegen. He was a professor in Nijmegen from 1985 until his retirement in 2006. 

A special issue of the scientific journal *Behavioural Pharmacology* was dedicated to his memory in 2014. Cools was one of the founders of the European Behavioural Pharmacology Society. He became its second president. This claim is correct but was initially not believed. Cools is also known for his work on the basal ganglia.

## References 
## Other websites 
*
Fristad

**Fristad** is a locality in Borås Municipality in Västra Götaland County in Sweden. In 2010, 4,924 people lived there.

## References
Larry King Live

***Larry King Live*** was an American television talk show hosted by Larry King on CNN from 1985 to 2010. It was the network's most watched and longest-running program, with over one million viewers nightly.

On June 29, 2010, Larry King announced that the program would end. The last episode aired on December 16, 2010, and a new episode on the war against cancer aired two days later on December 18.

## References
2014 Sweden mosques arson attack series

The **2014 Sweden mosques arson attack series** were a series of arson attacks on three mosques in one week. They started on Christmas Day and ended on new year. The mosques were struck by petrol bombs and molotov cocktails while others were vandalised with racist graffiti. The attacks caused fear in the local Muslim communities and led to public discussions about safety.

## Related pages
*2015 Chapel Hill shooting

## References
Treaty of New Echota

The **Treaty of New Echota** (7 Stat. 488) was a treaty signed on December 29, 1835, in New Echota, Georgia by officials of the United States government and representatives of a minority Cherokee faction, the Treaty Party.

The treaty of New Echota essentially made the Indians move out of the southeast United States and into Indian Territory. This move was called the Trail of Tears. 

## References
Cake (movie)

***Cake*** is a 2014 American drama movie. It is about a pleasant woman who has become unhappy with her life after a car accident that killed her child. 

Jennifer Aniston plays Claire. Mamie Gummer plays Bonnie. Felicity Huffman plays Annette.

This movie was released in some theaters in December 2014.

## Other websites
* 
* 
*