open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Monty Woodhouse

**Christopher Montague Woodhouse**,  (11 May 1917 – 13 February 2001) known as *C. M. Woodhouse*, was a British Conservative politician who served as Member of Parliament (MP) for *Oxford*  in the county of Oxfordshire, from 1959 to 1966 and again from 1970 to 1974. He was also a visiting Fellow at Nuffield College, Oxford, from 1956 to 1964.

Woodhouse, was an expert on Greek affairs after he first got involved with resistance forces in Greece against the Germans during the Second World War, and then having served in the British Embassy.

Woodhouse also worked at the British Embassy in Tehran from 1951 to 1952 and played a central role in organizing the 1953 Iranian coup d'état that brought down the democratically elected government of Mohammad Mosaddegh. 

## Early Life and Military Service
Montague Woodhouse, son of *Horace Woodhouse, 3rd Baron Terrington*, was educated at Winchester College and later at New College, Oxford, where he achieved a double first in Classics. Enlisting in the Royal Artillery in 1939, he served throughout World War II, rising to the rank of colonel and earning the *Distinguished Service Order* and Officer of the Order of the British Empire in 1944. Woodhouse's love for Greece grew during his service, particularly in his role as the Second-in-Command of the *Harling Force* in mainland Greece. 

## Government Service
Following World War II, Woodhouse served as Second Secretary at the British Embassy in Athens until 1946. He then returned to Britain, engaging in various industrial and academic roles. Woodhouse worked at the British Embassy in Tehran from 1951 to 1952 and played a pivotal role in organizing the 1953 Iranian coup d'état. Later, from 1955 to 1959, he served as the Director General at the Royal Institute of International Affairs.

## Operation Boot and Parliamentary Career
Woodhouse, as an MI6 agent, was involved in Operation Boot in Iran in the 1950s, aiming to resist a potential Soviet attack. He entered Parliament in 1959 and served in Conservative governments, holding positions such as Parliamentary Secretary for Aviation and Under-Secretary of State for the Home Office. Woodhouse faced defeat in 1966 but returned to Parliament in 1970, ultimately losing his seat in 1974.

## Personal Life
Married to Lady *Davidema Katharine Cynthia Mary Millicent Bulwer-Lytton*, Woodhouse had three children. He succeeded to the barony in 1998 and lost his seat in the House of Lords in 1999 due to legislative changes.

## Writings
C. M. Woodhouse authored several books, including "Modern Greece: A Short History," "The Philhellenes," and "The Rise and Fall of the Greek Colonels." Before his death in 2001, he completed the translation of the 10-volume "History of the European Spirit" by former Greek Prime Minister *Panayiotis Kanellopoulos*.

## References
Shah Mehmood Qureshi

**Makhdoom Shah Mahmood Hussain Qureshi** (Urdu: مخدوم شاہ محمود حسین قریشی; born 22 June 1956) is a Pakistani politician who served as the 29th Minister of Foreign Affairs from 2018 to 2022. He previously held the post from 2008 to 2011.

## References
2023 Chicago train crash

subway train after the crash]]
 footage released by Chicago Transit Authority, showing multiple camera views during the crash.]]
On November 16, 2023, a Chicago Transit Authority (CTA) passenger train crash with a railway snow removal machine north of Howard station. It injured 16 people.

At 10:39&nbsp;a.m. local time (07:50 UTC) on November 16, 2023, a Yellow Line passenger train. The front car of the two-car train was partially crushed and derailed. 

Of the 37 people aboard both vehicles, 16 were injured, 3 of which were in critical condition.

## References
Pankaj Udhas

**Pankaj Udhas** (d. 2024) was an Indian ghazal and playback singer known for his works in Hindi cinema, and Indian pop. 

Family: His brothers Nirmal Udhas and Manhar Udhas are also singers.

After the singer died, India's Prime Minister Narendra Modi  (said or) expressed his condolences.

## Awards
* 2006 – Padma Shri for his contribution to the art of ghazal singing, his huge contribution to cancer patients and thallasemic children on the occasion of him completing 25 years of ghazal singing.

## Albums
*Aahat (1980)
*Nasha (1997)
*Mukarrar (1981)
*Tarrannum (1982)
*Mehfil (1983)
*Shamakhana
*Pankaj Udhas Live at Albert Hall (1984)
*Nayaab (1985)
*Legend
*Khazana
*Aafreen (1986)
*Shagufta
*Nabeel
*Aashiyana (1992)
*Anjana (1992)
*Ek Dhun Pyar Ki (1992)
*Rubayee
*Teen Mausam
*Geetnuma
*Kaif
*Khayaal
*Aman
*Woh Ladki Yaad Aati Hai
*Stolen Moments
*Mahek (1999)
*Ghoonghat
*Muskan
*Dhadkan
*Best of Pankaj Udhas Vol-1, 2
*Pankaj Udas 'Life Story' Vol-1, 2
*Pankaj Udhas Vol-1, 2, 3, 4
*Lamha
*Janeman
* Jashn (2006)
* Endless Love
* Shaayar
* Rajuat (Gujarati)
* Baisakhi (Punjabi)
* Yaad
* Kabhi Ansoo Kabhi Khushboo Kabhi Naghuma
* Humnasheen
* In Search of Meer (2003)
* Hasrat (2005)
* Bhalobasha (Bengali)
* Yaara – Music by Ustad Amjad Ali Khan
* Shabad – Music by Vaibhav Saxena and Gunjan Jha
* Shaayar (2010)
* Barbad Mohabbat
* Nasheela
*Sentimental (2013)
*Khamoshi Ki Aawaz (2014)
*Khwabon Ki Khahani (2015)
*Madhose
*Nayaab lamhe with Gulzar (2018)

## Sources
Rana Sanaullah

**Rana Sanaullah Khan** ; born 1 January 1955) is a Pakistani lawyer and politician who served as the 39th Interior Minister of Pakistan. He had been a member of the National Assembly of Pakistan from August 2018 till August 2023.

## References
Patriot (Spanish American Revolution)

The term "**patriot**" is used to refer to supporters of Spanish American independence and of their governments that emerged during the revolutions between 1808 and 1825. 

After three centuries of colonial rule, independence came rather suddenly to most of Spanish and Portuguese America. Between 1808 and 1826 all of Latin America except the Spanish colonies of Cuba and Puerto Rico slipped out of the hands of the Iberian powers who had ruled the region since the conquest. The rapidity and timing of that dramatic change were the result of a combination of long-building tensions in colonial rule and a series of external events. The movements that liberated Spanish South America arose from opposite ends of the continent. From the north came the movement led most famously by Simón Bolívar, a dynamic figure known as the Liberator. From the south proceeded another powerful force, this one directed by the more circumspect José de San Martín. After difficult conquests of their home regions, the two movements spread the cause of independence through other territories, finally meeting on the central Pacific coast. From there, troops under northern generals finally stamped out the last vestiges of loyalist resistance in Peru and Bolivia by 1826. First Republic of Venezuela was the first Patriot government and State of Upper Peru was the last Patriot government. And the leaders are Nicknamed Libertadore.
Gulf of Ob

The **Gulf of Ob** (; also known as ***Bay of Ob***, ) is a bay of the Arctic Ocean. It is in Northern Russia at the mouth of the Ob River. It is the world's longest estuary.

## References
Polypedates bengalensis

The **brown blotched Bengal tree frog** or **brown blotched whipping frog** (*Polypedates bengalensis*) is a frog.  It lives in India.People have seen it between 7 and 13 meters above sea level.

People have seen this frog in small pieces of forest and on bamboo and banana plants in gardens.

## References
Split-flap display

A **split-flap display**, or a **flap display**, is a digital electromechanical display device that shows changeable alphanumeric text, and sometimes graphics.

They are commonly used as public transport timetables in airports or railway stations.

Commonly they are called **Solari boards** after Italian display manufacturer Solari di Udine, or in Central European countries they are called **Pragotron** after the Czech manufacturer instead.

Split-flap displays were once commonly used in consumer digital clocks known as flip clocks.

## Description 
Each character position or graphic position has a collection of flaps on which the characters or graphics are painted or silkscreened. These flaps are rotated to show the desired character or graphic.

Sometimes the flaps are large and display whole words, and in other installations there are several smaller flaps, each displaying a single character.

Flip-dot displays and LED display boards may be used instead of split-flap displays in most applications. Their output can be changed by reprogramming instead of replacement of physical parts but they suffer from lower readability. They also can refresh more quickly, as a split-flap display often must cycle through many states.

Advantages to these displays include:

* high visibility and wide viewing angle in most lighting conditions
* little or no power consumption while the display remains static
* Distinct metallic flapping sound draws attention when the information is updated.

The Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority has designed the new LED replacements for its aging Solari boards at North Station and South Station to emit an electronically generated flapping noise to alert passengers to train boarding updates.

Many game shows of the 1970s used this type of display for the contestant podium scoreboards. Usually, the flip was left-to-right on a vertical axis, although up/down on a horizontal axis was not completely unknown. Early seasons of the game show *Family Feud* used a split flap display as part of the game board (subsequent seasons used more modern digital displays, and eventually simply used a large digital flat screen monitor). The game board on the Nickelodeon game show *Make the Grade* was a 7x7 split-flap display, used to display subjects and wild cards, as well as tracking contestants' progress. The television game show *Chain Reaction* on Game Show Network features computer-simulated split-flap displays to display the various words in a chain.

In Italy, split-flap displays have also been occasionally used as destination signs for transit vehicles; there was also a brief vogue for them in the United Kingdom in the mid 1980s.

## Non-informational uses 
The artistic appeal of the displays have been seen use in works like *Pedestrian Drama*, contemporary artwork using this display technology, and art by Juan Fontanive, who has used the mechanism since 2005.

The album cover for The Enemy's album ''We'll Live and Die in These Towns'' is based on the Solari design seen at British railway stations.

## References
Thunderbolts*

***Thunderbolts**** (or simply ***Thunderbolts***) is an American superhero movie. It was released on May 2, 2025 in North America. It is based on the Marvel Comics's team Thunderbolts and it is a part of the Marvel Cinematic Universe. It was directed by Jake Schreier.

The movie was announced in July 2022 and the cast members were revealed in September. Principal photography started in Trilith Studios and Atlanta Metro Studios on February 26, 2024 and ended in July, 2024. Filming was delayed because of the 2023 SAG-AFTRA strike.

## Cast 
* Sebastian Stan as Bucky Barnes
* Hannah John-Kamen as Ava Starr / Ghost
* Wyatt Russell as John Walker / U.S. Agent
* Julia Louis-Dreyfus as Valentina Allegra de Fontaine
* Florence Pugh as Yelena Belova
* David Harbour as Alexei Shostakov / Red Guardian
* Olga Kurylenko as Antonia Dreykov / Taskmaster
* Lewis Pullman as Robbie Reynolds / Sentry
* Geraldine Viswanathan

## References 
## Other websites 
* *Thunderbolts* at Marvel.com
*  at IMDb
Emperor of Mexico

in May 19, 1822, Iturbide placed the crown upon his own head and became Agustín I, emperor of Mexico. An arbitrary and extravagant ruler, he proved unable to bring order and stability to his country, and after that In 1863 The younger brother of Emperor Francis Joseph, Maximilian archduke of Austria he accepted the offer of the Mexican throne, falsely believing that the Mexican people had voted him their king; in fact, the offer was the result of a scheme between conservative Mexicans, who wished to overturn the liberal government of President Benito Juárez, and the French emperor Napoleon lll who wanted to collect a debt from Mexico  On June 19, 1867, Maximilian was executed on a hill outside Querétaro.
## First Mexican Empire (1821–1823) 
Antonio López de Santa Anna, called for Iturbide’s overthrow and exile. On March 19, 1823, Iturbide abdicated and went first to Italy and then to England. In 1824, however, he returned to Mexico, unaware that the congress had decreed his death. Captured on July 15, he was executed four days later.
## Second Mexican Empire (1863–1867) 
On June 19, 1867, Maximilian was executed on a hill outside Querétaro With Maximilian's execution in 1867 by a firing squad of the restored republic, schemes and dreams of a royal head of state came to an end in Mexico.
Doctor Strange (movie)

***Doctor Strange*** is an American superhero movie based on the Marvel Comics character Doctor Strange. It was produced by Kevin Feige and directed by Scott Derrickson. The movie was produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures. The movie is the 14th movie in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU). It was released on November 4, 2016. 

Principal photography started in November 2015 in Nepal, England and Hong Kong, and ended in New York City in April 2016. The movie made $677.8 million around the world.

## References 
## Other websites 
* *Doctor Strange* at Marvel.com
*  at IMDb
Eternals (movie)

***Eternals*** is a 2021 American superhero movie based on Marvel Comics race Eternals. It is produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures. The movie is the 26th movie in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU). The movie was directed by Chloé Zhao, from a screenplay he wrote with Patrick Burleigh, Ryan Firpo, and Kaz Firpo. It stars Gemma Chan, Richard Madden, Kumail Nanjiani, Lia McHugh, Brian Tyree Henry, Lauren Ridloff, Barry Keoghan, Don Lee, Kit Harington, Salma Hayek, and Angelina Jolie.

Principal photography started in July 2019 at Pinewood Studios and on location in England and the Canary Islands, and ended in February 2020. The movie was released on November 5, 2021. It made $402.1 million around the world.

## References 
## Other websites 
* *Eternals* at Marvel.com
*  at IMDb
Nyctixalus margaritifer

The **Java Indonesian tree frog** or **pearly tree frog** (*Nyctixalus margaritifer*) is a frog.  It lives in Java, Indonesia. People have seen it between 700 and 1200 meters above sea level.  People have seen it between 50 and 1800 meters above sea level.

This frog lives in forests that have never been cut down but people have also seen it in coffee farms.  It lives in places where the tree branches come together like a roof. The female frog lays eggs in bits of water high up in the trees. The water is in holes in the trees.  The tadpoles swim and grow in the water.

Scientists believe this frog is not in danger of dying out because it lives in such a large place, but they believe people cutting down its forests may harm it. Some of the places where the frog lives are protected parks.

## References
The Valley (TV series)

***The Valley*** is an American reality television series which premiered on Bravo on March 19, 2024. It was developed as a spin-off from *Vanderpump Rules*. The series follows five couples who are "taking a shot at adulting."

## Overview 
*The Valley* was first announced by Bravo on January 17, 2024. Lisa Vanderpump serves as an executive producer, with 32 Flavors Entertainment, Haymaker East and Evolution Media attached as the production companies.

The series is a spin off of *Vanderpump Rules*.

### Season 1 
The full cast for the first season was announced and a teaser for the season was released on January 17, 2024. An extended first look was released on February 27 and the premiere date was announced as March 19, 2024.

The first season premiered on Bravo on March 19 and the finale aired on June 4. The original cast consisted of Brittany Cartwright, Jax Taylor, Kristen Doute, Luke Broderick, Daniel Booko, Nia Booko, Janet Caperna, Jason Caperna, Jesse Lally, and Michelle Lally as main cast members, with "friends of" Jasmine Goode and Zach Wickham also joining the cast.

In May 2024, it was announced that the series had been renewed for a second season. 

## Cast 
### Main cast 
* Brittany Cartwright: (2024–present), married to Jax, mother of Cruz
* Jax Taylor: (2024–present), married to Brittany, father of Cruz
* Kristen Doute: (2024–present), a businesswoman, in a relationship with Luke
* Luke Broderick: (2024–present), a podcast host, in a relationship with Kristen
* Daniel Booko: (2024–present), an actor and model, married to Nia, father of Asher, Isabelle and Zariah
* Nia Booko: (2024–present), a beauty pageant titleholder (Miss Nevada USA 2014, Miss USA 2014), married to Daniel, mother of Asher, Isabelle and Zariah
* Janet Caperna: (2024–present), a former executive assistant and co-host of the Scheananigans podcast
* Jason Caperna: (2024–present), an attorney with Acumen Law, LLP, father of an unnamed newborn baby boy
* Jesse Lally: (2024–present), a luxury real estate broker, father of Isabella
* Michelle Saniei Lally: (2024–present), a luxury real estate broker, mother of Isabella

### Recurring cast 
* Jasmine Goode; (2024–present): a former server at SUR Restaurant & Lounge, now an NFL cheerleader and a member of the Bachelor Nation
* Zack Wickham; (2024–present): Brittany's best friend from college
## Episodes 
### Season 1 
## References 
## Other websites 
* Official website
* *The Valley* at IMDb
Empanada

An **empanada** is a type of stuffed pastry from Spain, other Southern European countries, Latin American countries, and the Philippines. The name comes from the Spanish word *empanar* (which means "to bread," i.e., "to coat with bread"). The word "empanada" translates as 'breaded', that is, wrapped or coated in bread. 

Empanadas are made by folding dough over a filling, which may consist of meat, cheese, tomato, corn, or other ingredients, and then cooking the resulting turnover, either by baking or frying.
German Instrument of Surrender

The **German Instructment of surrender**, was signed on May 8th, 1945. By several officers, including Wilhelm Ketiel.
Erotica

drew many examples of erotica with lesbian themes in an Art Nouveau style]]
**Erotica** is a type of art or writing mean to be sexually arousing and erotic. It is usually considered different from pornography because erotica is meant to have some kind of artistic merit while pornography is only meant to be sexually pleasing.

## Related pages
*Shunga
*Erotic photography
*Erotic thriller
Jaysh al-Salam

**Jaysh al-Salam** is a subgroup in the FSA with the goal of destroying Daesh in Raqqa.

In 2016, the group joined the SDF. The group was later replaced with other groups in the SDF.

## Ideology 
The goal of Jaysh al-Islam is democracy for the Syrian people and keep unity between the territories of Syria. The group also said that it would strictly select commanders unlike other FSA sub groups such as Jaysh al-Izza.

## References
Atomic Heart

***Atomic Heart*** is a first-person shooter video game. It was published by VK Play in the CIS, 4Divinity in Asia, and Focus Entertainment in the rest of the World. The game was developed by Mundfish. The game was released on February 21, 2023. They released the game for the PlayStation 4, PlayStation 5, Windows, Xbox One, and Xbox Series X/S.

The game takes place in a future World where robot take over a fallen Soviet Union. The player has to try and find out what happened at Facility 3826, a Soviet research facility.

## Controversy
The game was surrounded by controversy. People accused the game of promoting pro-Russian propaganda, as well as taking gamers data and giving it to the Russian government.

Mundfish, the developers of *Atomic Heart*, denied any involvement with the Russian government and said that they do not take data from their players.

The Government of Ukraine asked players to avoid playing the game. Ukraine's Ministry of Digital Transformation also tried to have the game removed for purchasing in the country.

Composer Mick Gordon would donate his salary from the game to the Red Cross Ukraine Crisis appeal and condemned the war.

## References
## Other websites
*
Al Ayam (Sudan)

Al Ayam is a Sudanese newspaper and is the oldest independently run newspaper in the country of Sudan.

The newspaper was created by Mahjoub Mohamed Salih in the year 1958. The newspaper was closed twice by the Sudanese government and became government run in 1970. The paper was republished in 1986 but was closed again from 1989 to 2000. 

In 2004 it was closed again by the government for independent reporting of the incident in Darfur.

In March of 2004, a Sudanese court ordered to close the newspaper forever but refused.

## References
Doorway effect

The **doorway effect** is an unusual occurrence that happens in the brain. This effect usually happens due to short-term memory loss while going through a door.  Humans tend to forget recent information once crossing a boundary and often forget what they are thinking or planning to do after entering a different room. 

Research says that this happens in both real life boundaries (ex: moving into a different room using a door) and imaginary/virtual boundaries (ex: switching desktop windows using the Alt+Tab keyboard shortcut on Windows or the Cmd+Tab keyboard shortcut on MacOS).

## References
María Josepha Sophia de Iturbide

**María Josepha Sophia de Iturbide** was born on (29 February 1872 in Mikosdpuszta, Austria-Hungary) as the eldest of three daughters of Prince Salvador de Iturbide and Baroness Gizella Maria Terezia Mikos de Tarrõdhàza. Her father was a grandson of Emperor Agustín I of Mexico.
Operation Weserübung

On 9 April 1940, the Wehrmacht launched a invasion of Denmark and Norway. In under six hours, the Danish surrendered, and the Germans launched the invasion of Norway. 

By 10 June, both governments had surrendeed to the Germans.
Ansar Ghazwat-ul-Нind

Ansar Ghazwat ul-Hind is a Al-Qaeda subgroup active in Kashmir fighting for a Islamic state under Sharia in Kashmir and jihad against India. The group pledges allegiance to both the Taliban and Al-Qaeda. The group was created in 2017 by a former Hizbul Mujahideen member.

## References
Pachycormus (fish)

*For other uses, see Pachycormus. For the species of plant, see Pachycormus discolor.*

***Pachycormus*** is an extinct genus of pachycormiform from the Toarcian (about 185–182 million years ago) of Europe. This fish had no pelvic fins.

## Description 
*Pachycormus* superficially resembled a giant tuna. It was able to grow 1 m (3.5 ft) in length. It is characterized by falciform pectoral fins. The teeth are short and designed for grasping.

The caudal fin was deeply forked, just like a modern-day tuna. The body was covered with small scales equipped with ganoine.

## Classification 
The type species *P. macropterus* was first named as a species of *Elops* by Henri Marie Ducrotay de Blainville in 1818. However, this species was placed into *Pachycormus* by Louis Agassiz in 1833.
## As a basal fish 
*Pachycormus* is the second most basal pachycormiform after *Euthynotus*.

## Distribution 
Fossils have been found in marine deposits from France, Germany, and England.

## Image gallery 
*]]
 in Somerset, UK]]

*]]

## Related pages 
* Pleuropholis
* Amblypterus
* Orthocormus
* Bonnerichthys

## References 
# Roberts, George (1839). ''''. p. 129. Retrieved 31 December 2021.
Iz*One

**Iz*One** (; ; stylized in all caps) was a South Korean–Japanese girl group. It was formed in 2018 through the talent show *Produce 48* (the third season of *Produce 101*). The group was made of twelve members: Jang Won-young, Sakura Miyawaki, Jo Yu-ri, Choi Ye-na, An Yu-jin, Nako Yabuki, Kwon Eun-bi, Kang Hye-won, Hitomi Honda, Kim Chae-won, Kim Min-ju and Lee Chae-yeon. They started to make music on October 29, 2018, and they stopped on April 29, 2021.

## Members 
Korean members are listed in Eastern name order. Japanese members are listed in Western name order with both Japanese and Korean transliterations in brackets.
* Kwon Eun-bi () – leader
* Sakura Miyawaki (; )
* Kang Hye-won ()
* Choi Ye-na ()
* Lee Chae-yeon ()
* Kim Chae-won ()
* Kim Min-ju ()
* Nako Yabuki (; )
* Hitomi Honda (; )
* Jo Yu-ri ()
* An Yu-jin () 
* Jang Won-young ()

## Discography 
### Studio albums 
* *Bloom*Iz* (2020)
* *Twelve* (2020)

### Extended plays 
* *Color*Iz* (2018)
* *Heart*Iz* (2019)
* *Oneiric Diary* (2020)
* *One-reeler / Act IV* (2020)

### Single albums 
* *Suki to Iwasetai* (2019)
* *Buenos Aires* (2019)
* *Vampire* (2019)

## Related pages 
* AKB48 – another group with Sakura Miyawaki, Nako Yabuki and  Hitomi Honda
* Le Sserafim – another group with Sakura Miyawaki and Kim Chae-won
* Ive (group) – another group with Jang Won-young and An Yu-jin
* Wanna One – another group formed through *Produce 101*

## References 
## Other websites 
*
1918-19 Austrian football championship

The **1918-19 Austrian football championship** was organized by the Lower Austrian Football Association. Only teams from Vienna and the Vienna suburbs were allowed to take part. Clubs from the federal states had no opportunity to take part in the championship. After the First World War ended in 1918, the association reintroduced relegation and promotion.

The Erste Klasse (NFV) was played with ten clubs, each of which played nine games in an autumn and spring round. SK Rapid Wien won the Austrian championship title for the fifth time. The bottom of the table, SC Wacker Wien, was able to remain in the league due to the first class being expanded to twelve clubs.  

## Table
Johann Brandweiner, Otto Fischer, Ferdinand Feigl, Ferdinand Götz, Leopold Heinz, Karl Jiszda,  Otto Kramer, Julius Kaps, Karl Kurz and Ferdinand Lukesch played all championship matches for their teams.
## Matches 
### August 1918 
### September 1918 
### October 1918
### November 1918
### December 1918
### March 1919 
### April 1919 
### May 1919 
### June 1918 
### July 1918 
## Promotion from the 2nd Class A
̟* SK Admira Wien
* First Vienna FC 1894
### Champion squad 
## Top scorer
## References
Franco-Siamese War

The **Franco-Siamese crisis** of 1893, known in Thailand as the **Incident of Rattanakosin Era 112** was a conflict between the French Third Republic and the Kingdom of Siam. Auguste Pavie, French vice consul in Luang Prabang in 1886, was the chief agent in furthering French interests in Laos. His intrigues, which took advantage of Siamese weakness in the region and periodic invasions by Vietnamese rebels from Tonkin, increased tensions between Bangkok and Paris. The conflict concluded with the Paknam Incident, in which French gunboats sailed up the Chao Phraya River to blockade Bangkok. The Siamese subsequently agreed to give the area that constitutes most of present-day Laos to France, an act that led to the significant expansion of French Indochina.

This came after the Haw wars (1865–1890), in which the Siamese attempted to pacify northern Siam and Tonkin.

## References
Elden Ring

***Elden Ring*** is an action role-playing video game. It was published by FromSoftware in Japan and Bandai Namco Entertainment in the rest of the World. The game was developed by FromSoftware. Writer George R. R. Martin helped with the game. The game was released on February 25, 2022. They released the game for the PlayStation 4, PlayStation 5, Windows, Xbox One, and Xbox Series X/S. It is similar to *Dark Souls*, making it a soulslike game.

In the game, the player travels the open World, trying to get Great Runes, which are shards of the Elden Ring. They have to defeat bosses to find them. The player tries to work their way up to becoming the new ruler of the kingdom and the Elden Lord.

On June 20, 2024, downloadable content titled **Shadow of the Erdtree** was released for the game.

## Reception
The game was very well liked by both game critics and players. Critics said that they liked how large the open world environment was and how the player could explore it.

Since February 2024, *Elden Ring* has sold over 23 million copies worldwide.

The game has also won many awards. It is the most awarded game in video game history.

Among the awards won, it has been named Game of the Year by multiple different video game publications.

## References
## Other websites
*
Pachycormus

***Pachycormus*** is the scientific name for two animal genera:

* *Pachycormus* (fish), an extinct genus of pachycormiform from the Jurassic
* *Pachycormus discolor*, a genus of plants in the family Anacardiaceae
Vital Signs (Rush song)

"**Vital Signs**" is a 1982 song by Canadian progressive rock band Rush. It was taken from their eighth studio album *Moving Pictures* and was heavily influenced by reggae rock music by The Police. It was carried over into its next three studio albums. It went to number 41 in the United Kingdom after it was released there.

## References
Euthynotus

***Euthynotus*** is an extinct genus of prehistoric bony fish that lived during the Toarcian. It is the most basal pachycormiform. The second most basal is *Pachycormus*. Fossil remains have been found in Europe.

## Description 
*Euthynotus* had a slender body. The skull was quite long and narrow, with a slightly pointed snout. The dorsal fin was small and placed far away.

## Systematics 
### Species 
*Euthynotus* has two species:

* †*Euthynotus incognitus* Blainville, 1818
* †*Euthynotus intermedius* Agassiz, 1839

### Synonyms 
* *Parathrissops* Sauvage, 1891

## Species info 
### *Euthynotus incognitus* 
*Euthynotus incognitus* is a species of *Euthynotus*. It is very much well-known.

### *Euthynotus intermedius* 
*Euthynotus intermedius* is another species of *Euthynotus*. Unlike the other species, it's not well-known.

## Paleoecology 
*]]
Like many pachycormiforms, *Euthynotus* was a predatory fish. The particularly long body of this fish made it very fast. It was a carnivore.

## Related pages 
* Orthocormus
* Pachycormus (fish)
* Nelumbo nucifera
* Heterolepidotus
* Semionotiformes
* Pike topminnow
* Blackstripe topminnow

*]]

## References 
# Sepkoski, Jack (2002). "A compendium of fossil marine animal genera". *Bulletins of American Paleontology*. **364**: 560. Archived from the original on July 23, 2011. Retrieved 2009-02-27.
# "†Euthynotus (ray-finned fish)" . *Fossilworks*. Retrieved 1 December 2022.
Lumbini sal park

## Lumbini Sal Park 
It is located in Nepal near the Indian border. Lumbini is a Buddhist pilgrimage site in the Kapilavastu district of Nepal, near the Indian border. It is the place where Queen Maha Mayadevi is said to have given birth to Siddhartha Gautama, who was also known as the Gautama Buddha, gave birth to the Buddhist tradition.
It was said that when the queen knew that she was going to have a baby so as per their tradition the person that was giving birth had to go near her mother so while the queen was going to her mother she saw a sal park ahd she stoped by then by amazement the little Prince Siddhartha was born there and he walked seven steps, for each step a lotues bloomed
Paul Gardiner

**Paul Andrew Gardiner** (1 May 1956 – 18 February 1984) was a British musician who played bass guitar with Gary Numan and Tubeway Army, as well as creating material under his own name.
Secret Invasion (miniseries)

***Secret Invasion*** is an American television miniseries created by Kyle Bradstreet for the streaming service Disney+. It is based on the Marvel Comics storyline of the same name and is the ninth television series in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU) produced by Marvel Studios, sharing continuity with the movies of the franchise.

The series started on June 21, 2023 and ended on July 26, 2023, after six episodes. It is the first series of Phase Five of the MCU.

## References 
## Other websites 
* *Secret Invasion* at Marvel.com
*  at IMDb
* *Secret Invasion* on Disney+
Baldur's Gate 3

'''''Baldur's Gate 3'''* is an role-playing video game. It was both published and developed by Larian Studios. It is a part of the *Baldur's Gate* series and is the third main game in the series. The series itself is based on the tabletop game *Dungeons & Dragons*. The game was fully released on 3 August 2023. They released the game for the Windows, PlayStation 5, macOS, and Xbox Series X/S. Before the full release of the game, there was a early access version released on 6 October 2020.

The game is set 120 years after *Baldur's Gate 2: Shadows of Amn*. The character their group get abducted by illithids, an alien species. They then infect the player and the group with a parasite. The character and the group then travel the world looking for a cure. There are many different quests paths that the player can do.

## Reception
The game was very well liked by both game critics and players. Critics said that they liked the writing, creativity and high quality of the game design.

Since February 2024, *Baldur's Gate 3'' has sold over 10 million copies worldwide.

The game has also won many awards. Among the awards won, it has been named Game of the Year by multiple different video game publications.

## References
## Other websites
*
Dune: Part Two

***Dune: Part Two*** is an epic science fiction movie from 2024, directed by Denis Villeneuve. It is the second of two movies based off of the 1965 book *Dune* by Frank Herbert, after *Dune* (2021). Timothée Chalamet, Rebecca Ferguson, Josh Brolin, Stellan Skarsgård, Dave Bautista, Zendaya, Charlotte Rampling, and Javier Bardem return from the first film, with Austin Butler, Florence Pugh, Christopher Walken, and Léa Seydoux playing new roles.

## History
*Dune: Part Two* was released in movie theatres in the United States on March 1, 2024, by Warner Bros. Pictures. It had positive reviews from critics and viewers.

The main characters of the movie
*Paul Muad'Dib, born as Paul Atreides, son of a duke
*Jessica, the mother of Paul
*Cheni, a warrior

Analysis: The story is inspired by Lawrence of Arabia. [Parts of] the Dune movie's story is about fanatacism within religion, and combat regarding natural resources.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Official website
*  at IMDb
Danish Taimoor

**Danish Taimoor** (; born 16 February 1983) is a Pakistani actor, producer, host and fashion model. 

Beginning his acting career in 2005, Taimoor is known for his roles portraying a form of toxic masculinity in Urdu television series, especially since his antihero avatar with the 2018-2019 drama *Ab Dekh Khuda Kya Karta Hai*. He has also worked in cinema.

His notable dramas include *Rehaai* (2013), *Ab Dekh Khuda Kya Karta Hai* (2018-2019),  *Deewangi* (2019-2020), *Ishq Hai* (2021), *Kaisi Teri Khudgarzi* (2022) and *Jaan Nisar* (2024).

## Career
Danish was a fashion model before becoming an actor.

He began his acting career on television in 2005 with the horror drama *Mystery Series*, featuring in two episodes, *Do Saal Baad* and *Dracula*, which were aired on Indus Vision. He later acted in numerous television serials as well telefilms.

He made his film debut with Yasir Jaswal's thriller *Jalaibee* in 2015.

In 2016, Taimoor produced the drama *Shehrnaz*, starring his wife Ayeza.

In 2018, he produced and starred in *Haara Dil*. Next in 2019 , he played the role of Sultan Durrani  in the blockbuster series 
"Deewangi" , which led to his high popularity and mass appeal among the audience. The Drama series was well received and was appreciated for it's intense storyline. 
During 2020 he starred in "Mehar Posh"
Alongside his wife "Ayeza Khan". 
Later in 2021, He starred in the
"Ary Digital" romantic series - "Ishq hai" opposite "Minal Khan"

In 2022 , Danish starred in "Kaisi teri khudgarzi" with "Durefishan saleem"  The series gained immense popularity and broke several records. It also became the first Pakistani series to Achieve 1 Billion views while still airing. The First episode crossed 110 million views and the "OST" sung by "Rahat Fateh Ali Khan" garnered over 190 million views.

During 2023-24 , He starred in multiple dramas including 
The Rom-Com "Chand Tara" , "Rah-e-Junoon" and Hum TV's drama "Teri chaaon mein".

He also reunited with his "Deewangi" co-star "Hiba qadir" for "Jaan Nisaar"
the series was hit and achieved a milestone of over 2 billion views , breaking records and entering the Billion club.

In 2025, he starred in Geo Entertainment's "Mann Mast Malang"
The series gained high views and TRP due to Taimoor's popularity but was criticized for it's plot, pace and dragged storyline. 

He is next seen in *Sher*, along with "Sarah Khan".

## Personal life 
On 8 August 2014, he married Pakistani actress Ayeza Khan.

## References
Madame Web (movie)

***Madame Web*** is a 2024 American superhero movie based on the Marvel Comics character of the same name, produced by Columbia Pictures and Di Bonaventura Pictures in association with Marvel and TSG Entertainment. Distributed by Sony Pictures Releasing, it is the fourth movie in Sony's Spider-Man Universe (SSU). Directed by S. J. Clarkson from a screenplay Clarkson, Matt Sazama and Burk Sharpless, it stars Dakota Johnson, Sydney Sweeney, Isabela Merced, Celeste O'Connor, Tahar Rahim, Mike Epps, Emma Roberts, and Adam Scott.

The movie was released on February 14, 2024. It got negative reviews from critics and audiences.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Official website 
*  at IMDb
Orthocormus

*]]
***Orthocormus*** is an extinct, prehistoric pachycormiform. It is known from three species found in Late Jurassic fossil deposits in Bavaria, Germany.

## Description 
This fish had a pointed rostrum, consisting of the rostrodermetmoid bone. It was also equipped with two large straight and sharp teeth. The rest of the jaws were armed with small conical teeth, although the others had sharp teeth at the front of the jaw.

## Classification 
### Discovery 
*Orthocormus* was first described in 1930, based on fossils found in Bavaria in the Solnhofen deposit.

### Species 
*Orthocormus* has three recognized species:

* *Orthocormus cornutus* Weitzel, 1930 (type species)
* *Orthocormus roeperi* Arratia & Schultze, 2013
* *Orthocormus teyleri* Lambers, 1988

## Some images 
*, a pachycormid fish]]
*]]
*]]

## Related pages 
* Triggerfish
* Euthynotus
* Pachycormus (fish)

## References 
# Sepkoski, Jack (2002). "A compendium of fossil marine animal genera". *Bulletins of American Paleontology*. **364**: 560. Retrieved 2009-02-27.
# "Orthocormus". *Encyclopedia of Life*.

*]]

## Further reading 
* Arratia, Gloria; Schultze, Hans-Peter (2013). "Outstanding features of a new Late Jurassic pachycormiform fish from the Kimmeridgian of Brunn, Germany and comments on current understanding of pachycormiforms". *Mesozoic Fishes 5 - Global Diversity and Evolution Editors: Gloria Arratia, Hans-Peter Schultze, Mark V. H. Wilson*. Verlag Dr. F. Pfeil: 87–120.
* "Pachycormiformes". Paleobiology Database. Retrieved November 11, 2012.

## Other websites 
* Media related to *Orthocormus'' at Wikimedia Commons
A Dangerous Woman (movie)

***A Dangerous Woman*** is a 1993 romantic drama movie. It was partly based on the same-named novel by Mary McGarry Morris. It was released three weeks before Christmas in 1993.

## The plot
Martha Horgan (played by Debra Winger) is a cognitively troubled woman trying to have a normal life. While working at a local dry cleaner, she is accused of stealing money from the cash register. Martha is then fired. But she believes and thinks that the thefts were done by the boyfriend of her colleague Birdie. The boyfriend's name is Getso.

Martha is later depressed and returns to the house of her Aunt Frances (played by Barbara Hershey). She discovers a handyman named Mackey (played by Gabriel Byrne) is hired to repair the home's porch. Aunt Frances plans an event for a local politician. The politician's wife was angry following her husband's affair with Frances. So she drove right into the porch and damaged it on purpose.

Mackey is nice with Martha. He defends her against Getso because Getso is insulting and bullying her. Mackey smashes the windshield of Getso's van.

But then one night Mackey returns home while drunk to Martha's home, lets himself in and has sex with her while she's on her sofa. Mackey later has sex with Aunt Frances (who happens being also drunk that night).

## The cast
## Reception
Janet Maslin of *The New York Times* liked the movie and some of the direction of the cast. However, she thought *A Dangerous Woman* was more like melodrama than normal drama.

Rotten Tomatoes rated the movie only 47% with fifteen reviews.

For her performance, Winger was nominated for a Golden Globe Award. She won the Best Actress Award at the Tokyo International Film Festival.

## References
Evelyn Baring, 1st Earl of Cromer

Evelyn Baring was also known as Lord Cromer. He was the British High Commissioner who served in Egypt from 1883-1907. He was in charge of extending British influence in the Middle Eastern area and making the British position in the Suez Canal zone stronger.

Lord Cromer opposed any type of Egyptian nationalism. 

## References
List of heads of state of Costa Rica

The following is the list of all the heads of state of Costa Rica. The current Constitution establishes that the President of Costa Rica is both head of state and head of government, and the current officeholder is Rodrigo Chaves Robles of the Social Democratic Progress Party.

## First independent governments (1821–1824) 
On October 11, 1821, the province of Costa Rica proclaimed its absolute independence from Spain. On the 29th of that month, the city of Cartago, head of the Partido de Costa Rican, also signed an act declaring the absolute independence of the Spanish Government.

During this period the main divisions occurred between two sides; the imperialist who sought to annex Costa Rica to the First Mexican Empire and the Republican who sought full independence from Costa Rica. The monarchicals or monarchists also advocated the recognition of Agustín de Iturbide as emperor.

## Emperor (1822–1823) 
## President 
## References
Wilhelm, Duke of Oldenburg

**Peter Friedrich Wilhelm, Duke of Oldenburg** (born 3 January 1754 at Eutin Castle in Eutin, died 2 July 1823 at Schloss Plön in Plön) was a Duke of Oldenburg. He succeeded his father, Friedrich August I, Duke of Oldenburg as the Duke of Oldenburg in 1785. Wilhelm's mother was Princess Ulrike Friederike Wilhelmine of Hesse-Kassel.
Nyctixalus spinosus

The **spiny Indonesian tree frog** (*Nyctixalus spinosus*) is a frog.  It lives in the Philippines. People have seen it between 300 and 1430 meters above sea level.

The adult frog is 30 to 37 mm long from nose to rear end. It is red-brown in color with small white bumps on it and yellow and orange spots. There is some webbed skin on the feet. It has disks on its toes for climbing. The disks on the front feet are larger than the disks on the back feet. The frog's belly and sides are orange-yellow in color.

This frog lives in forests and in places near forests that humans have changed.  The frog lives on the ground in the dead leaves on the ground.  The female frog lays eggs in bits of water high up in the trees. The water is in holes in the trees.

Scientists believe this frog is not in danger of dying out because it lives in such a large place, but they believe people cutting down its forests may harm it. People cut down the forests to make small farms, large palm oil farms, and to collect wood to make charcoal.

## References
Bonnerichthys

***Bonnerichthys*** is an extinct, prehistoric pachycormiform in the family Pachycormidae from the Late Cretaceous of North America. It only has one species, ***B. gladius***.

Finds were made in the Smoky Hill Member of the Niobrara Formation of Kansas (Late Coniacian-Early Campanian), and additional material was later reported from the Pierre Shale, Mooreville Chalk, Demopolis Chalk, Wenonah Formation, and Moreno Formation.

It was probably related to *Rhinconichthys* and *Leedsichthys*.

## Features 
One of the most significant features of *Bonnerichthys* is that it was a filter feeder, living on plankton. This recognition that many large-bodied fish from the Mesozoic in the Pachycormidae were filter feeders shows that this niche was filled for at least 100 million years.

## References 
# "The Big Fish that Ate Small" . 15 May 2014.

## Other websites 
* *Bonnerichthys * discussion at boneblogger.com
* Media related to *Bonnerichthys* at Wikimedia Commons
Catherine Noble

**Catherine Noble** (born 23 February 1966) is a French taekwondoiste. 

She participated in the taekwondo demonstration sport tournament at the 1992 Summer Olympics in the under 51 kg category; she won the bronze medal  .

She won a gold medal at the 1989 German Open. She trains with  Breuillet club.

## References
The Coffin of Andy and Leyley

***The Coffin of Andy and Leyley*** is an adventure video game. It was published by Kit9 Studio and was developed by Nemlei. The game is released in chapters, with the first chapter being released as a chapter on Itch.io on March 25, 2023. The game then was released for Windows. The second chapter was released as early access on October 13, 2023. Chapter 3A (Decay) was released on April 1, 2025. The release date for the fourth chapter, as well the third chapter's alternate branch (Burial) is unknown at this time. Additionally, the Burial branch has not began development.

The game is about a brother and sister named Andrew and Ashley Graves. They are both on the run after committing crimes and are trying to survive in a terrifying world. There are different paths the story goes down depending on what the player does.

## Reception
The game was criticised for a path in the story where Andrew and Ashley both have an incestuous (sexual activity) relationship and another where the two murder and eat their parents. However, the game was liked by game critics. Critics said that they liked how the creators wrote the toxic sibling relationship well. They also praised the way that topics like incest and cannibalism were handled.

## References
Nasutixalus

***Nasutixalus*** is a group of frogs in the family Rhacophoridae. These frogs live in northeastern India, southeastern Tibet, and western Yunnan (China); they might also live in Nepal and Myanmar. People call them **ridged-nose treefrogs** in English.

## Etymology
The name *Nasutixalus* is from the Latin words *nasutus*, for "large-nosed," and *ixalus*, which is a word for tree frogs.

## Taxonomy
Scientists made the genus group *Nasutixalus* in 2016 because of the species *Nasutixalus medogensis*. The species was described based on just one individual frog. Scientists did DNA studies and found that this one frog was in the family Rhacophoridae but not in any of the genuses that were already known. Sathyabhama Das Biju and team made a new genus for just one species, *Frankixalus*, for *Polypedates jerdonii*; named for  from the Free University of Brussels. But because the other scientists published their paper two days before Das Biju's team, all the other scientists decided to use *Nasutixalus*. So *Frankixalus* is a synonym.

A one frog that scientists called *Theloderma moloch* at first was genetically distinct from other *Theloderma* and made the genus paraphyletic. Scientists studied *Theloderma moloch* more and caught more frogs. They found those frogs were more closely related to *Nasutixalus jerdonii* than to any other frogs in *Theloderma* so they renamed it *Nasutixalus medogensis*.

## Species
There are three species:
* *Nasutixalus jerdonii* (Günther, 1876)
* *Nasutixalus medogensis* Jiang, Wang, Yan, and Che, 2016
* *Nasutixalus yingjiangensis* Yang and Chan, 2018

## Description
*Nasutixalus* are good at hiding and hard to see, medium-sized frogs: adult males are  long from nose to rear end and adult females are  long. There is some webbed skin on the front feet and more on the back feet.

## Habitat and reproduction
s *Nasutixalus jerdonii* with ingested eggs]]
*Nasutixalus* live in trees in evergreen forests on mountains. Male *Nasutixalus jerdonii* and *N. yingjiangensis* call from tree holes. People have seen eggs from *N. jerdonii* have been found in water-filled tree holes. The eggs stick to the inner walls of the holes just above the surface of the water. People also saw tadpoles in the water. The tadpoles had eggs in their stomachs, so scientists think they eat eggs. Phytotelm-breeding frogs often have tadpoles that eat eggs because there is not much food in holes in trees. Scientists don't know whether the tadpoles ate eggs from their same species or not, but they think so.

## References