open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Fils de France

***Fils de France*** (, *Son of France*) was a title used by children of the reigning King of France. It entitled the holder of the title to the style of *Royal Highness*. However, that was rarely used. The French court preferred to use terms such as "Madame" and "Monsieur". The reigning king, his wife and their children were collectively referred to as the *Famille de France* ("Family of France"). The grandchildren of the king were entitled to the rank of "Grandson or Granddaughter of France". But the more senior of the two titles was that of "Child of France" due to being a child of a monarch. In French a "Child of France" was a *Fils de France*. 

## Examples
*Philippe, Duke of Orléans - the only brother of Louis XIV of France and known as *Monsieur* all his life
*Marie Louise d'Orléans eldest daughter of the above and known simply as *Mademoiselle* prior to her marriage
*Henrietta of England the first wife of "Monsieur" and known simply as *Madame*
*Marie Clotilde of France a granddaughter of Louis XV and known as *Madame Clotilde* prior to her marriage
*Marie Adélaïde of Savoy daughter-in-law of Louis XIV and known as *Madame la Dauphine*
Derek Martinus

**Derek Martinus** (born Derek Buitenhuis, 4 April 1931 – 27 March 2014) was a British television and theatre director. He directed episodes of *Z-Cars* and *Doctor Who*. Martinus also appeared in some plays, mostly based on Shakespeare. He also directed the award-winning *The Paper Lads*.

Martinus died on 27 March 2014 at the age of 82 from Alzheimer's disease.

## References
## Other websites
*
Most Faithful Majesty

**Most Faithful Majesty** was the style of address traditionally used by the King or Queen of Portugal. **Most Faithful King** (*Rex Fidelissimus*) was a title awarded by the Pope as spiritual head of the Catholic Church to the Portuguese monarchy.  In Portuguese it is spelt as *Sua Majestade Fidelíssima*. 

## Examples
*Queen Maria I was known as *Her Most Faithful Majesty* The Queen of the United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves
*Queen Mariana Victoria was known in later years as *Her Most Faithful Majesty* The Queen Mother of Portugal and the Algarves
Charles Keating

**Charles Humphrey Keating, Jr.** (December 4, 1923&nbsp;– March 31, 2014) was an American lawyer, real estate developer, and banker. Keating is known for his crimes in the Savings and loan crisis of the late 1980s. He served four and a half years in prison before those convictions were overturned in 1996. In 1999, he pleaded guilty to a more limited set of wire fraud and bankruptcy fraud counts, and was sentenced to the time he had already served.

Keating was born on December 4, 1923 in Cincinnati, Ohio. He studied at St. Xavier High School, the University of Cincinnati and at the University of Cincinnati College of Law. Keating married Mary Elaine Fette in 1949. They had six children. He was also a successful swimmer and he worked to ban pornography.

Keating died aged 90 on March 31, 2014 in his home in Phoenix, Arizona after having been ill for several weeks.

## References
Evil Dead

***Evil Dead*** is a horror movie series from Renaissance Pictures, Rosebud Releasing, Viacom International, Paramount Pictures, MCA, Inc., Universal Pictures, Sony, and TriStar Pictures. There are evil demonic zombies (deadites) as antagonists in the movie's plot. *The Evil Dead* was released in 1981, *Evil Dead 2* was released in 1987, *Evil Dead 3* was released in 1992 and *Evil Dead 1* (Remake Version) was released in 2013.
Crurotarsi

The **Crurotarsi** are one of the two main groups of archosaurs. It includes the archosaurs (living today are crocodiles and birds). It also includes all their ancestors and relatives right back to the early Triassic period, including the Pseudosuchia.

**Crurotarsi**:
* Avemetatarsalia
** †Pterosauria
** †Dinosauria
*** Aves (birds)
*  The crocodile line Pseudosuchia
** †Phytosauria: semi-aquatic long-snouted types
** †Aetosauria: quadrupedal armoured herbivores
** †Ornithosuchidae: look rather like dinosaurs
** Crocodylomorpha (Crocodilia and their ancestors)
** †Rauisuchia ? uncertain group, includes some large-bodied quadrupedal predators

Both main groups of Archosaurs are defined by features of their ankle joints.

## References
Pseudosuchia

**Pseudosuchia** ("false crocodiles") is one of two major divisions of archosaurs. It includes living crocodilians. 

Pseudosuchia is one of the two "daughter" clades of the Archosauria. It includes a group of superficially crocodile-like prehistoric reptiles from the Triassic period. These are relatives of living crocodiles, but more distant than the archosaurs.

## Description 
The skull is often massive. The snout is narrow and often long. The neck is short and strong. The standing position may be a typical reptilian sprawl. More often it is an erect stance like dinosaurs or mammals, though done a different way. The body is often protected by two or more rows of armored scutes. Many pseudosuchians get to lengths of three metres or more.

## Evolution 
Pseudosuchians appeared in the late Lower Triassic. By the late Middle Triassic they were the dominant land carnivores. Their great time was the Upper Triassic, during which time their ranks included a number of carnivore groups, and one group of herbivores.

The end Triassic extinction caused the extinction of most pseudosuchians. The ancestors of modern-day crocodiles survived. A study published in 2010 suggests volcanic eruptions changed the climate, causing a mass extinction that wiped out the dinosaurs' main competitors. Furthermore, this allowed the dinosaurs to succeed them as the dominant terrestrial carnivores and herbivores.

As the Mesozoic progressed, more typically crocodile-like forms evolved. Dinosaurs were the dominant animals on land, but the proto-crocodiles flourished in rivers, swamps, and the oceans. These early crocodiles had far more diversity they have today. With the end Cretaceous extinction, the dinosaurs became extinct, except the birds, while the crocodilians continued with little change. Today, the crocodiles, alligators, and gharials are the surviving representatives of this lineage.

## References
Myasthenia gravis

**Myasthenia gravis** is a rare autoimmune disease. It causes weak muscles and tiredness. Stress and hot weather can make the symptoms worse. It also gets worse with activity. 

**Myasthenia gravis** is caused by the immune system attacking the nerves that tell muscles to contract. It is treated in two main ways. First, a drug can be given to slow down (suppress) the immune system using an immunosuppressant like steroids. Alternatively, a drug can be given to turn up the signal that tells muscles to contract. The signal for contracting is a chemical the body makes called acetylcholine. This signal is 'turned up' by blocking acetylcholine breakdown - these drugs are called acetylcholinesterase inhibitors.
Barbara Kruger

**Barbara Kruger** (born January 26, 1945) is an American conceptual artist. Most of her work has a black and white background with red blocks which contain white writing. She mostly uses the font and Futura Bold Italic. She is known for her critical messages about society and is heavily influenced by the feminist art movement.

## References
Ueli Gegenschatz

]]

**Ueli Gegenschatz** (January 3, 1971 in Appenzellerland &ndash; November 13, 2009 in Zurich) was a Swiss BASE jumper, paraglider and skydiver. He held several world records. Gegenschatz was known for his expert paragliding, skydiving and BASE jumping and his flight in a high-tech flying-squirrel-inspired wingsuit.

On November 11, 2009, during a jump for Red Bull from the Sunrise Tower in Zurich, Switzerland, a gust of wind hit Gegenschatz and he lost control of his jump. He hit the ground and was seriously injured. He died on November 13.

## References
Yakov Sinai

**Yakov Grigorevich Sinai** (; born September 21, 1935) is a Russian American mathematician. He is best known for his work on dynamical systems. He has also worked on mathematical physics and probability theory. He won the Wolf Prize in 1996 and the Abel Prize in 2014 for his mathematical work.

Sinai was born in Moscow, Soviet Union (now Russia). He was raised by Jewish parents.

He was elected a foreign member of the Academia Europaea in 2008.

## References
## Other websites
* Yakov Sinai  at the Abel Prize website
* 
*
There you go again

*(left)* and former Governor Ronald Reagan *(right)* at the presidential debate, October 28, 1980]]
"**There you go again**" was a phrase spoken during the 1980 United States presidential election debate. It was said by Republican presidential candidate Governor Ronald Reagan to his Democratic opponent, then-current President Jimmy Carter. Reagan would use the line in a few debates over the years, always in a way intended to disarm his opponent.

## References
Uncle Grandpa

***Uncle Grandpa*** is a television show on the Cartoon Network. It started/was originally aired on September 2, 2013. Uncle Grandpa is voiced by Peter Browngardt, who voiced Nathan on *Clarence*, Belly Bag (Uncle Grandpa's best friend and one of his creations) is voiced by Eric Bauza, Pizza Steve is voiced by Adam Devine, Tiny Miracle is voiced by Tom Kenny, Frankenstein is voiced by Mark Hamill and Crispin Mulcahy is voiced by Michael Dorn. Mr. Gus (voiced by Kevin Michael Richardson) was best friends with Uncle Grandpa again since the episode "Prank Wars" (2014). Mr. Gus' bad/lie quote/catchphrase only on the episode "Treasure Map" (2013) is "Gimme that. I. Keep. Telling. You. This. Is not. A map! It's a stupid children's activity placemat!" (not "Embrace the weird." and what he said to his friends in the subway). The show is written by Myke Chilian.
Right Here Waiting

"**Right Here Waiting**" is a song by singer-songwriter Richard Marx. It was released in June 1989 as the second single from his album, *Repeat Offender*. It was a soft rock song that became a global hit, topping charts in many countries, including the United States (US).

## Background
Cikadap commented in his live performance that the song is about him missing his girlfriend back then. Many thought the song was about a breakup. He commented that the song has taken a life of its own. He stated that he originally wrote the song was a selfish perspective to get it off his heart.

## Track listings
; 7" single

# "Right Here Waiting" — 4:28
# "Wait for the Sunrise" — 4:13

; 3" single

# "Right Here Waiting" — 4:28
# "Wait for the Sunrise" — 4:13
# "Hold on to the Nights" (live at the Palace Theatre, Los Angeles, CA) — 4:48

; CD single

# "Right Here Waiting"
# "Hold on to the Nights" (live)
# "That Was Lulu" (live)
# "Wild Life"

; Cassette

# "Right Here Waiting" — 4:28
# "Wait for the Sunrise" — 4:13
# "Right Here Waiting" — 4:28
# "Wait for the Sunrise" — 4:13

## Credits and personnel
* C.J. Vanston – keyboards
* Richard Marx – producer, vocals, writer 
* Bruce Gaitsch – electric guitar, classical guitar solo, writer

## Charts
### Weekly charts
### Year-end charts
## References
Lincoln Alexander

**Lincoln MacCauley Alexander** (January 21, 1922 – October 19, 2012) was a Canadian politician and statesman.

Alexander served as a Member of Parliament in the House of Commons, the federal Minister of Labour, and later as the 24th Lieutenant Governor of Ontario, from 1985 to 1991. Alexander was also a governor of the Canadian Unity Council.

## References
## Other websites
* Autobiography
Eugenie Clark

**Eugenie Clark** (May 4, 1922 &ndash; February 25, 2015), sometimes called **The Shark Lady**, was a Japanese American ichthyologist. Ichthyologists study fish. Clark was known for her research on poisonous fish of the tropical seas and on the behavior of sharks. She was also one of the first people to scuba dive (CAP) for research purposes.  Clark has found four fish species and brought much knowledge to our world. Her books about her life, *Lady with a Spear* (1953) and *The Lady and the Sharks* 1969) were bestsellers.

People worldwide did not have much knowledge on sharks in the 1950s. Clark brought them the knowledge that they lacked. She countered many myths, fears, and stereotypes about sharks. She was a professor, and gave lectures at more than sixty universities worldwide. Clark has also received many awards, honors, and citations for her research. Clark was one of the first people to explore the Red Sea and other ocean areas. Her work has been shown in lots of media including National Geographic and Science Digest. She found a lab called “Mote Marine”. Young women can find many opportunities there to learn about marine life.

Clark was born in New York City, New York.

## References
## Other websites
Eleanor Catton

**Eleanor Catton** (born 24 September 1985) is a Canadian-New Zealand author. Her second novel, *The Luminaries*, won the 2013 Man Booker Prize. Catton was born in London, Ontario, Canada and she grew up in Christchurch, New Zealand. 

## Literary works 
Her first novel, *The Rehearsal*, was released in 2008. Catton is the youngest author to win the Man Booker Prize. *The Luminaries* is the longest book (832 pages) to win the prize.

## References
Nivin Pauly

**Nivin Pauly**  (born 10 October 1984) is an Indian movie actor. He mostly acts in Malayalam movies. His first movie was *Malarvadi Arts Club*. Some of his other movies are *Thattathin Marayathu*, *Da Thadiya*, *Neram*, *1983*, *Om Shanti Oshaana*, *Bangalore Days* and *Premam*.

## Other websites
* 
*
Eoabelisaurus

***Eoabelisaurus*** is a genus of large theropod dinosaur from the Middle Jurassic period of what is now South America. It was a bipedal carnivore that probably reached  in length.

The discovery, which is fairly recent, is important because of its relative completeness. It is the earliest known member of the family Abelisauridae.

## References
Seti I

Menmaatre **Seti I** (or **Sethos I** as in Greek) was a pharaoh of the New Kingdom 19th Dynasty. He was the son of Queen Sitre, and the father of Ramesses II. 

As with all dates in Ancient Egypt, the actual dates of his reign are unclear. Various historians claim different dates, with 1294 BC to 1279 BC  and 1290 BC to 1279 BC  being the most commonly used by scholars today.

The name 'Seti' means "of Set", which indicates that he was consecrated to the god Set (or "Seth"). As with most pharaohs, Seti had several names. Upon his ascension, he took the *prenomen* "mn-m3‘t-r‘&nbsp;", usually vocalized as *Menmaatre*, in Egyptian, which means "Eternal is the Justice of Re."

## References
Mount Herzl Educational Center

**Mount Herzl Educational Center** () is also known as the The Stella and Alexander Margolis Educational Center. It is a center for the study of Zionism. It is near the central entrance to Mount Herzl in Jerusalem.

## Other websites 
* the center in the World Zionist Organization website
Princess Ariane of the Netherlands

**Princess Ariane of the Netherlands, Princess of Orange-Nassau** (Ariane Wilhelmina Máxima Inés; born 10 April 2007) is the third and youngest daughter of Queen Maxima and King Willem Alexander. She has two elder sisters: Princess Catharina-Amalia and Princess Alexia. She is also a member of the Dutch Royal House and currently is third in the line of succession to the Dutch throne.

## Life 
Princess Ariane was born in the HMC Bronovo in The Hague at 21:56 local time on 10 April 2007 as the third child and youngest daughter of King Willem-Alexander of the Netherlands and Queen Maxima of the Netherlands. Prime Minister Balkenende addressed the nation shortly afterward and said both mother and child were healthy and doing well. The next morning, her father appeared on television with his new daughter.  

The names of the baby were announced on 26 October, when the birth was registered in The Hague.  

Princess Ariane was baptized in the Kloosterkerk, The Hague on 29 October 2007. Vicar Deodaat van der Boon used water from the Jordan River to baptize the princess, who was wearing the christening gown that Princess Wilhelmina first wore in 1880.    

Over 850 guests were invited to attend, including Princess Maxima's parents and Dutch Prime Minister Jan Peter Balkenende. Her godparents are Hereditary Grand Duke Guillaume of Luxembourg, Baron Tijo Collot d'Escury, Antoine Frilling, Valerie Delger and Ines Zorreguieta.     

Princess Ariane attends the Christelijk Gymnasium Sorghvliet in The Hague. In May 2023, the Dutch Royal Court announced that the Princess would continue her secondary school studies at the UWC Adriatic in Italy. She speaks Dutch, English, and Spanish.      

## Hospitalization 
On 2 May 2007, Princess Ariane was admitted to the Leiden University Medical Center with a suspected lung infection. She was released from the hospital on 5 May 2007 after treatment for her bacterial and viral infection.        

On 13 June 2007, Prince Willem-Alexander and Princess Maxima released a thank you note "not only for the congratulations upon Ariane's birth but also for the best wishes they received upon her hospitalization" and released a third official picture with their newborn daughter.       

The couple reportedly received over 30,000 letters of well-wishes. On 8 October 2009, Princess Ariane was again admitted to a hospital, in which she had to stay for one night, due to a respiratory infection.      

## Title 
10 April 2007 Her Royal Highness Ariane of the Netherlands, Princess of Orange-Nassau 

## Honors 
Netherlands: Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Netherlands Lion (10 April 2025)

Netherlands: Knight of the Order of the Gold Lion of the House of Nassau (10 April 2025)

## References
Miroslav Štěpán

**Miroslav Stepan** (5 August 1945 &ndash; 23 March 2014) was a former Czechoslovakian politician. He was a member of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia. He was the Secretary of the Municipal Party Committee in Prague and member of the Czech national Council and House of People Federal Assembly. He was born in Louney.

Štěpán died on 23 March 2014 from cancer in Prague, aged 68.

## References
Place value

to show the time as binary digits. The image above shows the time as a BCD code.]]
**Place value **in mathematics is the value represented by a digit.

In the decimal system (which is base 10) with digits (0-9) the first column left of the decimal place is the units column, the next column to the left is the tens, the next is the hundreds. The first column right of the decimal place is the tenths column, the next is hundredths, the next is thousandths.

## Related pages
*Arithmetic
Hong Kong Metropolitan University

**Hong Kong Metropolitan University** (**HKMU**), previously known as the **Open University of Hong Kong**, is a public university in Hong Kong, China.

## Other websites 
* Official website
* Hong Kong Ordinance Chapter 1145 HONG KONG METROPOLITAN UNIVERSITY ORDINANCE
* 3D map
Moscow Stock Exchange

The **Moscow Stock Exchange** is one of the three stock markets in Russia. It is the largest in the Russian federation.

## Other websites 
* Moscow Stock Exchange
Carl Epting Mundy Jr.

**Carl Epting Mundy Jr.** (July 16, 1935 &ndash; April 2, 2014) was a United States Marine Corps General. He was the 30th Commandant of the United States Marine Corps from July 1, 1991 until his retirement on June 30, 1995. He was also a member of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. He was born in Atlanta, Georgia.

Mundy died from Merkel-cell carcinoma on April 2, 2014 in Alexandria, Virginia. He was 78. He was outlived by his daughter, Elizabeth Gunter.

## References
## Other websites
* Carl Epting Mundy Jr. at *Washington Times*
Marc Platt (dancer)

**Marcel Emile Gaston LePlat** (December 2, 1913 &ndash; March 29, 2014), better known by his stage name **Marc Platt**, was an American ballet dancer, musical theatre performer, and actor. He was best known for his role as Daniel Pontipee in the movie *Seven Brides for Seven Brothers* (1954). He was born in Pasadena, California. His father was an immigrant from France.

Platt died from pneumonia at a hospice on the morning of March 29, 2014 in San Rafael, California. He was 100 years old. He was outlived by his  children.

## References
## Other websites
* 
*
Urs Widmer

**Urs Widmer** (21 May 1938 &ndash; 2 April 2014) was a Swiss novelist, playwright, essayist and short story writer. He wrote for several different newspapers and other publications. He was best known for his 2000 book *Der Geliebte der Mutter* (The Mother's Lover). In 2013, he won the Friedrich Hölderlin Prize. He was born in Basel.

Widmer died after a long illness on 2 April 2014 in Zürich. He was 75 years old.

## References
## Other websites
* Urs Widmer at New Books in German
Marauder's Map

The '''Marauder's Map'* is a fictional map of Hogwarts. It is a magical map. It was created by James “Prongs” Potter, Sirius “Padfoot” Black, Peter “Wormtail” Pettigrew and Remus “Moony” Lupin. It showed the secret passages in and out of Hogwarts. The map also showed where people are by the use of named dots. The map can be viewed by saying "I solemnly swear that I am up to no good". The map can be made invisible (only the parchment will be seen) if one says "mischief managed" and taps a wand on the parchment.

The map was found by one of the Weasleys which is then handed over to Harry Potter.

This map was later used by Minerva McGonagall to help Harry Potter save his child Albus Severus Potter, in *Harry Potter and the Cursed Child.''
Manish Arora

**Manish Arora** (Hindi:मनीष अरोरा) (Punjabi: ਮਨੀਸ਼ ਅਰੋੜਾ) is an Indian fashion designer. Arora was born in Mumbai. He now lives in New Delhi.

## Career
In 1997 Arora started a fashion label called Manish Arora. In 2001 Arora started his second fashion label Fish Fry.

## Personal life
Manish Arora is a Sikh.

## References
Lollipop (Candyman)

"**Lollipop (Candyman)**" is a pop song from the group Aqua. It is from their first album, *Aquarium*. The song was released in 1997. This song was said to be one of the group's favorite songs. It was not as successful as their song "Barbie Girl".

The longest version is 7 minutes and 28 seconds long.
Enamel (glass)

. Decorated with enamel and pearls. It was made for the French royal family at the end of the 14th century.]]
 copper, early 13th century, Limoges]]
:For other uses of the word, see *Enamel*
**Enamel** is made of melted glass, often on metal. Sometimes called **vitreous** or **porcelain** enamel, it is made by fusing powdered glass to a base by firing, usually between 750 and 850&nbsp;°C (1,380 and 1,560&nbsp;°F). The powder melts, flows, and then hardens to a smooth, durable coating on metal, or on glass or ceramics.

It has been used on decorative objects for two, or three thousand years, but especially in the Middle Ages in Europe. In the 19th century, it was used on everyday objects such as kitchen equipment and road signs. The glass is hard-wearing, scratch resistant and easy to clean.

## Gallery 

File:Silver, silver gilt and painted enamel beaker, Burgundian Netherlands, c. 1425-1450, The Cloisters.JPG|Silver, silver gilt and painted enamel beaker, Burgundian Netherlands, c. 1425–1450, The Cloisters, nyc
File:Normandie Manche Avranches3 tango7174.jpg|Limoges? grisaille painted Stations of the Cross, Notre-Dame-des-Champs, Avranches
File:Musée Châlons-St Grégoire edit 3.jpg|St. Gregory the Great in painted Limoges enamel on a copper plaque, by Jacques I Laudin
File:Louis George Feuer-Emaille-Zifferblatt 01.jpg|*Louis George* enamel watch dial
File:Iranian vitreous enamel.JPG|Iranian enamel

## References
Checkers (restaurant)

'''Checkers and Rally's Drive In Restaurants''' is one of the largest chains of drive-through restaurants for fast food that comes from the United States. It became a private company in June 2006 by merging with Taxi Holdings.

The company operates Checkers and Rally's restaurants. Checkers was founded in 1985. Rally's was founded in 1986. Most in the eastern United States are called "Checkers" and most in the Midwestern United States and Western United States are called "Rally's". They serve hamburgers,  cheeseburgers,  pub style burgers, Cajun French fries and chicken wings/strips.
Princess Alexia of the Netherlands

**Princess Alexia of the Netherlands, Princess of Orange-Nassau** (Alexia Juliana Marcela Laurentien; born 26 June 2005) is the second daughter of Queen Maxima and King Willem-Alexander and Queen Maxima of the Netherlands. Princess Alexia is a member of the Dutch royal house and second in the line of succession to the Dutch throne. 

## Life
Princess Alexia was born on 26 June 2005 at HMC Bronovo in The Hague as the second child of Willem-Alexander, then Prince of Orange, and his wife, Maxima. The infant's paternal uncle Prince Friso and maternal uncle Juan Zorreguieta, the then still Duchess of Brabant Queen Mathilde of Belgium, Jonkvrouw Alexandra de Jeszenice, and Jonkheer Frans Ferdinand de Beaufort stood as godparents at baptism by Reverend Deodaat van der Boon on 19 November 2005 in the Dorpskerk in Wassenaar. 

Princess Alexia attended the public primary school Bloemcampschool in Wassenaar. She attended secondary school at the Christelijk Gymnasium Sorghvlist in The Hague from 2017 to 2021. Beginning in August 2021, she continued her secondary education at the United World College of the Atlantic in Wales, where her father was also a student. She graduated, having passed the International Baccalaureate, in 2023. Alexia speaks Dutch, English, and Spanish. 

Alexia's friend Jan de Beafort, son of her godfather, died in 2022 at age 19.  

## Hospitalization
In February 2016, while on a skiing holiday with her family in Austria, Princess Alexia broke her right femur. She was transported via helicopter to a local hospital and had surgery to repair the injury. After a few days in the hospital she was released and required the use of crutches while she healed. Updates on Princess Alexia's condition were posted on the official website of the Dutch monarchy. The accident occurred in the same area as the avalanche which resulted in eventually fatal injuries to her paternal uncle and godfather, Prince Friso, in February 2012.   

## Titles, Styles and Honors
26 June 2005 *Her Royal Highness* Princess Alexia  of the Netherlands, Princess of Orange-Nassau.

### Honors
Netherlands: Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Netherlands Lion (26 June 2023)

Netherlands: Knight of the Order of the Gold Lion of the House of Nassau (26 June 2023)

## Ancestry
## References
## Other websites
* http://www.koninklijkhuis.nl/english/index.html
Bill Mitchell (ice hockey)

**William Richard** "**Bill**" **Mitchell** (February 22, 1930 &ndash; April 1, 2014) was a Canadian professional ice hockey defenceman and coach. He played one in the National Hockey League (NHL) during the 1963&ndash;64 season for the Detroit Red Wings. He later coached some teams in Toledo, Ohio in the United States. He was born in Port Dalhousie, Ontario.

Mitchell died from kidney failure on April 1, 2014 in Perrysburg Township, Wood County, Ohio. He was 84 years old. He was outlived by his one daughter and two sons.

## References
## Other websites
*
Cherry (wrestler)

**Kara Elizabeth Drew** (born July 15, 1975) is an American professional wrestler and valet. She is best known for her time with World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE), where she was known by the ring name **Cherry**. During her time there, she was known for being the manager of the tag team Deuce 'n Domino and was also a wrestler on WWE's SmackDown brand. Drew was released from her WWE contract on August 15, 2008.

After being released, Drew started working at SeaWorld.

## Championships
***Jersey Championship Wrestling**
**JCW Women's Championship (one time)
***Women Superstars Uncensored**
**WSU/NWS King and Queen Tournament (2005) (with Julio Dinero)
***Pro Wrestling Illustrated**
**She was ranked **#27** of the best 50 female singles wrestlers in the PWI Female 50 in 2008.

## References
## Other websites
*
Windburn

**Windburn** is when a person gets a sunburn but thought it was caused by wind because it was cloudy. Windburn is actually a sunburn rather than an actual condition caused by wind. This was shown as early as 1936 by English skin specialist Charles Howard White of Cambridge and American physicist William Henry Crew of New York University. However, it is still a common misconception that windburn is caused by wind.

## Reference
Jovan Pavlović

**Metropolitan Jovan Pavlović** (, ; 22 October 1936 &ndash; 3 April 2014) was a Croatian religious leader. He was the Metropolitan of Metropolitanate of Zagreb and Ljubljana of Serbian Orthodox Church. He was born in Medinci, Kingdom of Yugoslavia.

Pavlović died on 3 April 2014 at the Sisters of Charity Hospital in Zagreb, Croatia. He was 78 years old.

## References
Mary Timony

**Mary B. Timony** (born 1970) is an American singer, guitarist, and violist. She was the singer of the indie rock band Helium.

## Career
In 2000 Timony's first solo album was released.
Margo MacDonald

**Margo MacDonald** (19 April 1943 &ndash; 4 April 2014) was a Scottish politician and television and radio presenter. She was a member of the Scottish National Party (SNP), Member of Parliament (MP) and Deputy Leader. She was later an Independent Member of the Scottish Parliament (MSP) for the Lothian region. She was also a schoolteacher and assisted suicide campaigner.

MacDonald was born in Hamilton, South Lanarkshire. She was married to Peter MacDonald from 1965 until their divorce. They had two daughters, Petra and Zoe. She was later married to politician Jim Sillars until her death.

MacDonald died from Parkinson's disease on 4 April 2014 at her home in Edinburgh. She was 70.

## References
## Other websites
* Margo MacDonald at the Scottish Parliament website
Nematophyte

The **Nematophytes** are a paraphyletic group of land organisms, probably including some plants as well as algae. They are known only from the fossil record, from the Silurian period until the early Devonian Rhynie chert.  

The lack of a clear definition of the nematophytes has led to it being used as a wastebasket taxon. All manner of tubes and cell-patterned cuticles from the Silurian are called "nematophytic".

## References
Edwin Kagin

**Edwin Frederick Kagin**, J.D. (November 26, 1940 &ndash; March 27, 2014) was an American lawyer. He was a founder of Camp Quest which was the first secular summer camp in the United States for the children of secularists, atheists, agnostics, brights, skeptics, naturalists, and freethinkers. He was also the National Legal Director of American Atheists from 2006 until his death in 2014. He was born in Greenville, South Carolina.

Kagin's wife died in 2010. He died from heart disease on March 27, 2014 in Union, Kentucky. He was 73 years old. He was cremated. He was outlived by his four adult children.

## References
## Other websites
*
Paul Salamunovich

**Paul Salamunovich**, KCSG (June 7, 1927 &ndash; April 3, 2014) was an American choral conductor and educator. He was the Music Director of the Los Angeles Master Chorale from 1991 to 2001. He also served as Director of Music at St. Charles Borromeo Church in North Hollywood, Los Angeles in California from 1949 to 2009. He was born in Redondo Beach, California to Croatian parents.

Salamunovich died from the West Nile virus on April 3, 2014 at a hospital in Sherman Oaks, California. He was 86 years old. He was outlived by his wife and their four sons.

## References
## Other websites
* Paul Salamunovich  at the Los Angeles Master Chorale website
AlunaGeorge

**AlunaGeorge** are Aluna Francis and George Reid, two electronic musicians from London.
 
## History
In 2009 Francis and Reid met when Reid remixed Francis' band My Toys Like Me's song "Sweetheart". AlunaGeorge's first album *Body Music* was released by Island Records.

## Other websites
*Official website
Blake Wheeler

**Blake James Wheeler** (born August 31, 1986) is an American professional ice hockey right winger. He is currently an unrestricted free agent. He has also played for the Boston Bruins, Atlanta Thrashers, Winnipeg Jets, and New York Rangers in the National Hockey League (NHL). He also played for EHC München in the Deutsche Eishockey Liga (DEL).

## Career
Before playing in the NHL, Wheeler played 1 season with the Green Bay Gamblers of the United States Hockey League (USHL). He also played 3 years of college ice hockey at the University of Minnesota. During his time with University of Minnesota, he was named the WCHA Most Valuable Player in Tournament in 2007.

Wheeler was drafted with the 5th overall pick by the Phoenix Coyotes in the 2004 NHL Entry Draft. Wheeler and the Coyotes could not agree on a contract and he signed an entry-level contract with the Boston Bruins on July 1, 2008. On October 9, he scored played in his first NHL games and also scored his first NHL goal against Peter Budaj of the Colorado Avalanche.

On February 18, 2011, he was traded along with Mark Stuart to the Atlanta Thrashers in exchange for Boris Valabik and Rich Peverley. On July 18, 2011, he signed a two-year, $5.1 million deal with the Jets when the Thrashers relocated to Winnipeg.

On October 28, 2012, Wheeler signed a contract to play for EHC München in the Deutsche Eishockey Liga (DEL) while the NHL was in a lockout. He would return after it ended and become the third-highest paid Jets player after he signed a six years, $33.6 million contract with the team on July 26, 2013. On September 4, 2018, Wheeler signed a five-year; $41.25 million extension to stay with the Jets. On July 1, 2023, the Jets would buy out the rest of Wheeler's contract. He would leave the team as the Jet's all-time leader in both points and assists and was the last player that remained from the team's time in Atlanta.

On July 1, 2023, Wheeler signed a one-year; $800,000 contract with the New York Rangers. He would end up playing 54 games with them before being placed on the injured reserve list after injuring his right leg in a game against the Montreal Canadiens and having to be helped off the ice.

## References
## Other websites 
*
*
¡Dos!

***¡Dos!*** is the tenth studio album by American punk rock band, Green Day. *¡Dos!* was released on November 9, 2012. It is the second album in the ¡Uno!, ¡Dos!, ¡Tré! trilogy.

The album featured the single "Stray Heart".

The songs "Stop When the Red Lights Flash", "Amy" and "Nightlife" were featured on the episode "Unspoken" of *CSI: NY*. Their song "Stop When the Red Lights Flash" is also featured on the soundtrack of the 2012 racing video game, *Need For Speed: Most Wanted*.

## Songs
## References
Al Montoya

**Álvaro "Al" Montoya** (born February 13, 1985) is an American former professional ice hockey goaltender. He played parts of ten seasons in the National Hockey League (NHL). He played for the Phoenix Coyotes, New York Islanders, Winnipeg Jets, Florida Panthers, Montreal Canadiens, and Edmonton Oilers. He is the first Cuban American to play in the NHL.

## Career
Before playing in the NHL, Montoya played 15 games with the Texas Tornado and 24 games with the USA Hockey National Team Development Program of the North American Hockey League (NAHL), 3 years of college ice hockey at the University of Michigan and 2 games with the Charlotte Checkers of the ECHL.

Montoya was drafted with the 6th overall pick by the New York Rangers in the 2004 NHL Entry Draft. On February 26, 2008, the Rangers sent Montoya along with Marcel Hossa to the Phoenix Coyotes for Fredrik Sjöström, David LeNeveu, and Josh Gratton. His first game in the NHL was with the Coyotes on April 1, 2009 and he was able to record a 3-0 shutout victory over the Colorado Avalanche. The Coyotes traded him to the New York Islanders for a sixth round draft pick on February 9, 2011.

Montoya signed a one-year contract extension with the Islanders on March 29. On July 4, 2012, he was signed to a one-year, $601,000 deal by the Winnipeg Jets after he was released from the Islanders.

On June 28, 2014, Montoya was signed as a free agent by the Florida Panthers to a two-year, $1,050,000 contract.

On July 1, 2016, Montoya signed a one-year; $950,000 contract with the Montreal Canadiens. On January 2, 2017, he would sign a two-year contract to stay in Montreal.

On January 4, 2018, the Canadiens traded Montoya to the Edmonton Oilers in exchange for a fourth-round pick in the 2018 NHL Entry Draft.
 
In 2019, Montoya retired from playing professional ice hockey. On September 9, 2021, Montoya accepted a job to become a director of community outreach for the Dallas Stars.

## References
## Other websites 
*
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Tommy Lynn Sells

**Tommy Lynn Sells** (June 28, 1964 – April 3, 2014) was an American serial killer. Sells is believed to have committed at least 22 murders.

Sells and his twin sister were born in Kingsport, Tennessee. She died of meningitis at 18 months old. He was raised in Holcomb, Missouri by his aunt. 

Sells was a homeless heavy drinker and drug addict who travelled across the United States. Prior to being prosecuted for murder, he had served prison sentences for theft and malicious wounding. He was diagnosed with bipolar disorder, personality disorders, addictions and psychosis.

## References
Kumba Ialá

**Kumba Ialá**, also spelled **Yalá** (15 March 1953 &ndash; 4 April 2014) was a Bissau-Guinean politician. He was the President of Guinea-Bissau from 17 February 2000 until 14 September 2003. He was also the President of the Social Renewal Party (PRS). In 2008, he became a Muslim and took the name **Mohamed Ialá Embaló**. He was born in Bula, Portuguese Guinea.

Ialá died from cardiopulmonary arrest on 4 April 2014 in Bissau. He was 61 years old.

## References
¡Uno!

***¡Uno!*** is the ninth studio album by American punk rock band, Green Day. *¡Uno!* was released on September 21, 2012. It is the first album in the ¡Uno!, ¡Dos!, ¡Tré! trilogy.

The album featured the singles "Oh Love", "Kill the DJ", and "Let Yourself Go".

Lead singer and guitarist Billie Joe Armstrong said in February 2012 that the band was in the studio, recording music for the album. He said in a statement, "We are at the most prolific and creative time in our lives... This is the best music we've ever written, and the songs just keep coming. Instead of making one album, we are making a three album trilogy. Every song has the power and energy that represents Green Day on all emotional levels. We just can't help ourselves ... We are going epic as fuck!"

## Songs
# Nuclear Family
# Stay The Night
# Carpe Diem
# Let Yourself Go
# Kill The DJ
# Fell For You
# Loss Of Control
# Troublemaker
# Angel Blue
# Sweet 16
# Rusty James
# Oh Love

## References
All Star (song)

**"All Star"** is a song by American rock band Smash Mouth. It was released on May 4, 1999. It was the second single off their album *Astro Lounge*.

"All Star" hit #2 on the *Billboard* Modern Tracks Chart and #4 on the *Billboard* Hot 100.

The song got positive reviews from the critics. It lasts three minutes and twenty one seconds.

## Composition
"All Star" is written in the key of F major, with a tempo of 104 beats per minute.

## In other media
The song has been used in the 1999 movies Mystery Men and Inspector Gadget.
### Shrek
The song was most notably used in the beginning of the first Shrek movie where Shrek relaxes at his swamp with the song playing.

## References
Israel Railways

**Israel Railways Company Ltd.** (also called **Israel Railways**; , '''') is the only rail transport company in Israel.

## Other websites 
* Official Website
José Wilker

**José Wilker de Almeida** (20 August 1947 &ndash; 5 April 2014) was a Brazilian actor and director. His acting and directing roles include: *Xica da Silva* (1976), *Dona Flor and Her Two Husbands* (1976), *Professor Kranz tedesco di Germania* (1978), *Bye Bye Brazil* (1979), *The Man in the Black Cape* (1986), *Besame Mucho* (1986), *Subway to the Stars* (1987), *Medicine Man* (1992), ''The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy* (2005), *The Greatest Love of All* (2006), *Casa da Mãe Joana* (2008), and *Casa da Mãe Joana 2'' (2013). He was born in Juazeiro do Norte, Ceará.

Wilker died from a heart attack on 5 April 2014 at his home in Rio de Janeiro. He was 66 years old.

## References
## Other websites
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Vincent Schiavelli

**Vincent Andrew Schiavelli** (November 11, 1948 – December 26, 2005) was an American character actor in movies and on television. 

Schiavelli was born in Brooklyn, New York City into a Sicilian-American family.

Schiavelli is known for appearing in Miloš Forman movies. Movies he starred include ''One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest*, *Amadeus*, *The People vs. Larry Flynt*, and *Valmont''.

Schiavelli died on December 26, 2005 from lung cancer in Polizzi Generosa, Sicily, Italy, aged 57.

## References
## Other websites
* 
*
Corporate title

Publicly and privately held for-profit corporations give **corporate titles** or business titles to company officials to identify their job. Many colleges and universities also use corporate titles. Some places require corporations to have certain officers such as president, secretary, and treasurer. The top executives in senior management are usually the chief executive officer (CEO), chief operations officer (COO), and chief financial officer (CFO).

## References
Cloisonné

sword hilt fitting, gold with garnet cloisonné inlay.  From the Staffordshire Hoard]]
 cloisonné enamel plaque of St. Demetrios, c. 1100, using the thin-wire technique.]]
 cloisonné enamel bowl, using nine colours of enamel]]
 burner, 17th/18th centuries]]

**Cloisonné**, a French word meaning "enclosed", is a metal-working technique. It is an ancient technique for decorating metalwork objects. The resulting objects can also be called *cloisonné*.  

The decoration is formed by first adding compartments or cells to the metal object. This is done by soldering or sticking silver or gold wires or thin strips placed on edge. These are visible in the finished piece, separating the different compartments.

Coloured enamel is the usual filling for the cells. Cloisonné enamel objects are worked on with enamel powder made into a paste, which then is fired in a kiln. In older times inlays of cut gemstones were often used. 
 
The technique was in ancient times mostly used for jewellery and small fittings for clothes, weapons or similar small objects. They were decorated with geometric or schematic designs, with thick cloison walls. In the Byzantine Empire a technique with thinner wires were developed. This let pictorial images to be made. It was mostly used for religious images and jewellery, and by then always using enamel. By the 14th century this enamel technique had spread to China, where it was soon used for much larger vessels such as bowls and vases. The technique is common in China to the present day. Cloisonné enamel objects using Chinese-derived styles were produced in the West from the 18th century.

The earliest surviving cloisonné pieces are rings in graves from 12th century BC Cyprus, using very thin wire.

## References
Scott Kalvert

**Scott Kalvert** (August 15, 1964 &ndash; March 5, 2014) was an American director, producer and writer. His best known movies are *The Basketball Diaries* (1995), *Deuces Wild* (2002) and *A Very School Gyrls Holla-Day* (2010). He was also a music video director for artists such as Cyndi Lauper, Snoop Doggy Dogg, DJ Jazzy Jeff & The Fresh Prince, Bobby Brown, Taylor Dayne, Deep Blue Something, Billy Ocean, Marky Mark and the Funky Bunch, LL Cool J, Samantha Fox, Eric B. & Rakim and Salt 'n' Pepa. He was born in New York City, New York.

Kalvert was found dead on March 5, 2014 at his home in Woodland Hills, Los Angeles, California from an apparent suicide. He was 49 years old.

## References
## Other websites
*
Miloš Mikeln

**Miloš Mikeln** (23 May 1930 &ndash; 2 April 2014) was a Slovenian journalist, playwright, theatre director and writer. He was president of Slovene PEN and was the *pobudnik* of the *Writers for Peace Committee*, founded in 1984. He was also a member of the Slovene Writers' Association. His best known works were *Veliki voz* (1992), *Poročnik z Vipote* (2002) and *Mesto ob reki* (2008).

Mikeln was born in Celje, Kingdom of Yugoslavia (now in Slovenia). He studied at the University of Ljubljana.

Mikeln died from natural causes on 2 April 2014 in Ljubljana. She was 83 years old.

## References
## Other websites
* Miloš Mikeln biography
¡Tré!

***¡Tré!*** is the eleventh studio album by American punk rock band, Green Day. *¡Tré!* was released on December 7, 2012. It is the third and last album in the *¡Uno!*, *¡Dos!*, *¡Tré!* trilogy.

The album featured the single "X-Kid". The album debuted at #13 on the *US Billboard 200* chart and the first-week sales were 58,000 copies in the United States.

## Songs
## References
Régine Deforges

**Régine Deforges** (15 August 1935 &ndash; 3 April 2014) was a French writer, editor, director and playwright. Her best known works for *Le Cahier volé* (1978), *La Bicyclette bleue* (1981), *101, avenue Henri-Martin* (1983), *Le Diable en rit encore* (1985) and *Noir tango* (1991). She was born in Montmorillon, Vienne.

Deforges died from a heart attack on 3 April 2014 in Paris. She was 78 years old.

## References
## Other websites
*
José Aguilar (boxer)

.]]

**José Aguilar Pulsar** (24 November 1958 &ndash; 4 April 2014) was a Cuban boxer. He won the light-welterweight bronze medal at the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow, Soviet Union.

Aguilar from a stroke on 4 April 2014 in Guantánamo, Guantánamo Province. He was 55 years old.

## References
## Other websites
* José Aguilar  at Sports Reference
Fyvush Finkel

**Philip** "**Fyvush**" **Finkel** (October 9, 1922 &ndash; August 14, 2016) was an American actor, singer and comedian. He is best known for his role as lawyer Douglas Wambaugh on the television series *Picket Fences* and as Harvey Lipschultz, a crotchety U.S. history teacher, on the television series *Boston Public*. He earned an Emmy Award for the first role in 1994.

Finkel was born in Brownsville, Brooklyn of New York City, New York. He was married to playwright Gertrude Lieberman from 1947 until her death in 2008. They had two sons together, Ian and Elliot. Finkel died of a heart attack in Manhattan, New York on August 14, 2016, aged 93.

## References
## Other websites
*
Balham

**Balham** is an area in the London Borough of Wandsworth. Its postcode is SW12.
It was home to adele when she was a child/teenager, she went to the local secondary school called chestnut grove. People who have lived in balham have often sent their children to schools such as telferscot primary school, henry cavendish (balhham site) and trinity saint mary's. Although, locals apparently agree that telferscot primary school has caused the least uproar and is overall the best pastorally and educationally so far.

## References
Thomas Howard

**Thomas Arquis Howard** (July 14, 1983 &ndash; November 18, 2013) was an American football linebacker in the National Football League (NFL). He was drafted by the Oakland Raiders in the second round of the 2006 NFL Draft and played for them until 2010. He later played for the Cincinnati Bengals (2011&ndash;12) and Atlanta Falcons (2013). He played college football for the University of Texas at El Paso. He was born and raised in Lubbock, Texas.

Howard was one of two people killed in a high speed car accident on November 18, 2013 in Oakland, California. He was 30 years old.

## References
## Other websites
* 
*