open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Luke Somers

**Luke Daniel Somers** (1981 &ndash; 6 December 2014) was a British-American photojournalist. He was held hostage by the militant Islamist group al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula (AQAP) in Yemen until they killed him. He was a dual citizen of the United Kingdom and the United States. 

Somers was born in London. He graduated from Beloit College in Wisconsin with a Bachelor's degree in Creative Writing and later traveled to Egypt before settling in Yemen.

## References
Nedunuri Krishnamurthy

**Nedunuri Krishnamurthy** (10 October 1927 – 8 December 2014) was an Indian Carnatic vocalist. He was known for performing songs about meditation and peace. He also wrote classical music. He was born in Kothapalli, Hyderabad State, British India.

Krishnamurthy died in Visakhapatnam, India from lung cancer, aged 87.

## Other websites
* Website about Nedunuri
Svensk handbollselit

**Svensk handbollselit** is the top division of women's handball in Sweden. It consists of 12 teams. Swedish national indoor championships for wommen have been played since 1951. The event is organized by the Swedish Handball Federation.

The series changed name to "Svensk handbollselit" for the 2016-2017 season. Before that it was called **Elitserien** ().

## Swedish national championships
* 1951 Kvinnliga IK Sport
* 1952 Kvinnliga IK Sport
* 1953 Kvinnliga IK Sport
* 1954 Kvinnliga IK Sport
* 1955 Kvinnliga IK Sport
* 1956 IF Guif
* 1957 Kvinnliga IK Sport
* 1958 Kvinnliga IK Sport
* 1959 Kvinnliga IK Sport
* 1960 Kvinnliga IK Sport
* 1961 Kvinnliga IK Sport
* 1962 IK Ymer
* 1963 IK Bolton
* 1964 Kvinnliga IK Sport
* 1965 IK Bolton
* 1966 IK Bolton
* 1967 IK Bolton
* 1968 IK Bolton
* 1969 Kvinnliga IK Sport
* 1970 Borlänge HK
* 1971 Kvinnliga IK Sport
* 1972 Kvinnliga IK Sport
* 1973 Borlänge HK

* 1974 Stockholmspolisens IF
* 1975 Stockholmspolisens IF
* 1976 Stockholmspolisens IF
* 1977 Stockholmspolisens IF
* 1978 Borlänge HK
* 1979 Stockholmspolisens IF
* 1980 Stockholmspolisens IF
* 1981 Stockholmspolisens IF
* 1982 Stockholmspolisens IF
* 1983 Stockholmspolisens IF
* 1984 Stockholmspolisens IF
* 1985 Stockholmspolisens IF
* 1986 Irsta HF
* 1987 Tyresö HF
* 1988 Tyresö HF
* 1989 Tyresö HF
* 1990 Stockholmspolisens IF
* 1991 Irsta HF
* 1992 Skånela IF
* 1993 IK Sävehof
* 1994 Sävsjö HK
* 1995 Sävsjö HK
* 1996 Sävsjö HK

* 1997 Sävsjö HK
* 1998 Sävsjö HK
* 1999 Sävsjö HK
* 2000 IK Sävehof
* 2001 Skuru IK
* 2002 Eslövs IK
* 2003 Eslövs IK
* 2004 Skuru IK
* 2005 Skuru IK
* 2006 IK Sävehof
* 2007 IK Sävehof
* 2008 Skövde HF
* 2009 IK Sävehof
* 2010 IK Sävehof
* 2011 IK Sävehof
* 2012 IK Sävehof
* 2013 IK Sävehof
* 2014 IK Sävehof
* 2015 IK Sävehof
* 2016 IK Sävehof
* 2017 H 65 Höör
* 2018 IK Sävehof
* 2019 IK Sävehof

## References
Duchy of Parma

The **Duchy of Parma** was created in 1545 from that part of the Duchy of Milan south of the Po River, which had been conquered by the State of the Church in 1512. These territories, centered on the city of Parma, were given as a fief for Pope Paul III's illegitimate son, Pier Luigi Farnese. The state was originally ruled by the Farnese family before eventually falling to the House of Bourbon by inheritance. Following the creation of the state of Italy in 1859 the duchy was abolished.  It was also a state of the Holy Roman Empire till 1806 and had various links with its neighbour the Grand Duchy of Tuscany.
Ken Weatherwax

**Kenneth Patrick Weatherwax** (September 29, 1955 – December 7, 2014) known as **Kenny** and billed as ** "Ken"  Weatherwax**, was an American actor. He was best known for having played Pugsley Addams on the original *The Addams Family* television series.

Weatherwax died from a heart attack at his home on December 7, 2014 at the age of 59.

## References
## Other websites
*
Gaston, Duke of Orléans

**Gaston of France, Son of France, Duke of Orléans** (Gaston Jean Baptiste; 25 April 1608 &ndash; 2 February 1660) was the third son of King Henry IV of France and his wife Marie de Medici. As a son of the king, he was born a *Fils de France*.  As a young boy he was given the title of **Duke of Anjou**. Later he had the title Duke of Orléans. As the eldest surviving brother of King Louis XIII, he was known at court as *Monsieur*. He was also one of the first princes to use the *style* of *Royal Highness*. He is often also referred to as '''''Gaston d'Orléans'''''.  His grandson the last Medici Grand Duke of Tuscany was named in his honour. 

## Children
Marguerite and Gaston d'Orléans had five children, three of whom survived into adulthood:
#Marguerite Louise d'Orléans (28 July 1645 &ndash; 17 September 1721) married Cosimo III de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany and had children. 
#Élisabeth Marguerite d'Orléans (26 December 1646 &ndash; 17 March 1696) married Louis Joseph of Lorraine, Duke of Guise and had children. 
#Françoise Madeleine d'Orléans (13 October 1648 &ndash; 14 January 1664) married  Charles Emmanuel II, Duke of Savoy but died childless. 
# Jean Gaston, Duke of Valois (Paris, 17 August 1650 &ndash; Paris, 10 August 1652) died young. 
#Marie Anne d'Orléans (Paris, 9 November 1652 &ndash; Blois, 17 August 1656) died young.

Gaston had an illegitimate daughter by Marie Porcher:
#Marie *bâtarde* d'Orléans 1 January 1631, Paris.
He also had an illegitimate son by Louise Roger de La Marbelière:
#Jean Louis *bâtard* d'Orléans, Count of Charny, (1638, Tours-1692, Spain).

## Titles and styles
***25 April 1608 - 6 August 1626** [*His Royal Highness*] The Duke of Anjou.
***6 August 1626 - 2 February 1660** [*His Royal Highness*] The Duke of Orléans 

## Other websites
Don Larsen

**Donald James Larsen** (August 7, 1929 &ndash; January 1, 2020) was an American former Major League Baseball (MLB) pitcher. During a 15-year MLB career, he pitched from 1953–1967 for seven different teams. Larsen was born in Michigan City, Indiana, but was raised in San Diego, California.

Larsen pitched for the St. Louis Browns / Baltimore Orioles (1953–1954; 1965), New York Yankees (1955–1959), Kansas City Athletics (1960–1961), Chicago White Sox (1961), San Francisco Giants (1962–1964), Houston Colt .45's / Houston Astros (1964–1965), and Chicago Cubs (1967).

Larsen died on January 1, 2020 in Hayden, Idaho at the age of 90 from esophageal cancer.

## References
## Other websites
*Don Larsen's official site
*The box score for Larsen's perfect game
*Retrosheet
*ESPN: Fifty years later, Larsen's life still close to perfect
.NET Framework

**.NET Framework** (pronounced dot net) is a product of Microsoft. It is a programming framework used by Software applications in order to run. It has two major parts: the Common Language Runtime (CLR) and the .NET Framework Class Library. The CLR is an execution engine used to handle running programs. The class library provides a library of reusable code that applications can use. These are designed to greatly simplify the development of larger applications. Everything in .NET is contained in an object. It is usually recommended to install the latest version your operating system (OS) will support. This is because of backward compatibility; the newer version will also support older versions. 

Visual Studio is the major development tool for .NET Framework. Visual Studio 2013 Community Edition is the first full-featured edition for personal development. It also has compilers for computer programming languages such as C++ and others.

## Version 
## References
John Bertrand

**John Bertrand** is an Australian yachtsman. He was born on 20 December 1946 in Chelsea, Victoria. He has one brother who has the same hobby. Bertrand sailed yacht with his brother every afternoon on Port Phillip Bay.

Bertrand went to Monash University in Melbourne, Australia. He took a mechanical engineering class. He eventually went across to Massachusetts Institute of Technology. After completing these courses, he won lots of yacht in competitions in his community. He then went to the 1972 Summer Olympics. He came fourth in the finn competition. In 1976 Bertrand won a bronze medal at the Olympic Games also for the finn competition.

In 1983, Bertrand was the captain of the *Australia II* at the America's Cup. The weather at the start of the race was rough but then calmed down. On the last race Australia was losing by 55 seconds but then they caught back that time and won. Bertrand’s team was the first to beat the United States in the America's Cup in 132 years. 

## References
Saint Vitus

**Vitus** was born in Sicily in southern Italy. He was born in 290 AD. He died in Luciana in the northwest of Italy. Vitus was one of the fourteen holy helpers. 

Legend says that Vitus was the son of a man named Hylas. Hylas didn’t like Vitus for being Christian so he arrested him with his tutor and his nurse. Vitus travelled to Lucania which is in Rome, Italy and he got trapped by some people who knew his father. They put Vitus in a cell and didn't feed him for weeks. Some say he died from huger and others say he killed himself 

Saint Vitus was the patron saint of actors, comedians, dancers and epileptics. Vitus’s feast day is June 15, which was his date of death in 303. It was long celebrated  in dance. People in Germany celebrate the feast of St Vitus by dancing next to his statue on June 15.
Mango (singer)

**Mango**, stage name of **Giuseppe** ("**Pino**") **Mango** (6 November 1954 – 7 December 2014), was an Italian singer-songwriter and musician. He was known for his style which fuses pop, folk, world music, the frequent use of odd time signatures and for his high vocal range.

On 7 December 2014 Mango suffered a heart attack while performing the song "Oro" during a concert in Policoro, province of Matera, aged 60.

He was also the father of the singer Angelina Mango, who went to Eurovision Song Contest 2024.

## References
## Other websites
*
St. Dominic Savio

**Dominic Savio** (April 2, 1842 – March 9, 1857) is a Roman Catholic saint.

## Early years
Dominic Savio was born on 2 April 1842 in Riva di Chier, Turin, Italy. He was the second child out of eleven born to Charles Savio and his wife Brigid. His father was a blacksmith and his mother was a seamstress. Dominic became an altar server at age five. When Dominic received his first Holy Communion, he wrote rules that he would always tried to follow. 
Those rules were:
*I will go to confession and Communion often.
*I will keep holy the feast days.
*Jesus and Mary will be my best friends.
*I will rather die than commit a sin.
From then on, Dominic lived by his motto, “Death, but not sin!”

## Later years
At the age of twelve Dominic met John Bosco. Dominic told him that he wished to be a priest.  At the age of fourteen years old, he started at the Don Bosco School. Dominic was kind and friendly to all the students. Dominic had a great enthusiasm for the Eucharist. At school Dominic organised a club called the Company of the Immaculate Conception. They would do jobs around the school such as sweeping the floor and helping other boys who were misbehaving at school. At the age of only 14, Dominic died from an illness. He died on 9 March 1857

## Years as a saint
St Dominic Savio was canonised in on June 12, 1954. He is the saint for young boys and the falsely accused. His feast day is March 9,  the day of his death. Dominic was canonised by Pope Pius XII.

## References
Sam Phillips

**Samuel Cornelius Phillips** (January 5, 1923 – July 30, 2003), better known as **Sam Phillips**, was an American businessman, record executive, record producer and DJ.  He played an important role in the rock and roll world in the 1950s. He was a producer, label owner, and talent scout throughout the 1940s and 1950s.

He was the founder of both Sun Studios and Sun Records in Memphis, Tennessee.  He was most successful in the launching of Elvis Presley's career in 1954.

## Other websites
*Sun Studio official website
*Interview with Sam Phillips
*Rock Hall of Fame
*Elvis Presley at Sun Studio
Adnan Gulshair el Shukrijumah

**Adnan Gulshair el Shukrijumah** (, *ʿAdnān Shukrī Jumaʿah*) (4 August 1975 – 6 December 2014) was a member of al-Qaeda. He was born in Saudi Arabia and grew up in the United States.

In March 2003, a provisional arrest warrant was issued calling him a "material witness". He was listed on theFederal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) on the Seeking Information - War on Terrorism list, and since then United States Department of State, through the Rewards for Justice Program, has offered a bounty of up to US$5 million for information about his location.

Media reports surfaced on 6 December 2014 indicating that he was killed in a manhunt operation by Pakistan in South Waziristan.

## References
Euthanasia Coaster

The **Euthanasia Coaster** is an art concept. The idea was a steel roller coaster designed to kill its passengers. 

In 2010, it was designed and made into a scale model by Julijonas Urbonas. Urbonas used to work in an amusement park. Urbonas said that the goal of his proposed roller coaster is to take lives "with elegance and euphoria". Urbonas said it would be like "euthanasia" or "execution". 

John Allen, who was the president of the Philadelphia Toboggan Company, gave Urbonas the idea. Allen wanted an "ultimate" roller coaster that "sends out 24 people and they all come back dead". Urbonas took Allen's idea and designed the roller coaster. Urbonas said the roller coaster would make its passengers unconscious before killing them. It was criticized by the anti-euthanasia association Care Not Killing.

The roller coaster kills its passengers by drastically decreasing oxygen in their brains.

## References
## Other websites
*Computer animated simulation of the ride
Claude Chabrol

**Claude Henri Jean Chabrol** (; 24 June 1930 &ndash; 12 September 2010) was a French movie director. He was a member of the French New Wave (*nouvelle vague*) group of filmmakers. He became popular at the end of the 1950s. Chabrol was born in Sardent, France.

Like his colleagues Jean-Luc Godard, François Truffaut, Éric Rohmer and Jacques Rivette, Chabrol was a critic for the influential movie magazine *Cahiers du cinéma*.

Chabrol died on 12 September 2010 in Paris, France, aged 80.

## References
## Other websites
*
*Biography on newwavefilm.com
*Senses of Cinema: Great Directors Critical Database 
*Interview with Chabrol on La Cérémonie 
*
*Surfer on the New Wave – Interview with Chabrol from 2001
Dagger (typography)

Times New Roman|alt=Sksaran143]]
A **dagger** is a symbol in typography, which usually looks like a vertical bar, with one or two traits. It can also be called an **obelisk**. It is present in Unicode, at position 2020.
May Nilsson

**May Nilsson**, born 5 May 1921 in Åre, Sweden, dead 7 November 2009 in Albertville, France, was a Swedish alpine skier. She won a bronze medal at the women's slalom event during the 1939 world championships in Zakopane.

## References
Roehampton

**Roehampton** is a small suburban village in Southwest London. Historically Roehampton was a wealthy town. Some of the great mansions of the 1700s are now used by colleges of the University of Roehampton. The university was founded in 2004. In 2007 the National Tennis Centre was set up in Roehampton. It has 22 courts and is a training facility for some of Britain's top tennis players. It also hosts the qualifying rounds for the Wimbledon championships. The Priory Hospital at Roehampton is a mental health hospital. It is internationally known for the treatment of celebrities with various addictions.

## References
Provincial city

**Provincial cities** (), sometimes translated **provincial municipalities**, are cities lesser in rank than special municipalities of the Republic of China (Taiwan). They are directly governed by provinces and are one level above the most basic county-controlled cities. In the early 20th century a provincial municipality was described as one having a population of over 200,000. However, if the city was important in politics, economics or culture it had to be over 100,000.

After relocating the government to Taiwan the Republic of China government raised the limit to 500,000 in 1981. It was later raised again to 600,000. Currently, the *Local Government Act* of the Ministry of the Interior applies for the creation of a provincial city. In this case a city needs to have a population between 500,000 and 1,250,000. It must also have major political, economical and cultural roles.

## References
Saint Roch

**Saint Roch** or **Rocco** ( – ) was a Christian saint. His death is commemorated on 16 August. He is a patron saint against the plague. He is also a patron Saint of dogs and falsely accused people.

## Life 
According to his legends, Roch was born in 1295 in Montpellier, France. He was born with a red cross on his chest.

As a young man he was very . He decided to live the life of a hermit. He gave away all he owned to the poor. At age 20 he set out on a religious pilgrimage to Rome. At this same time the plague struck Italy. He remains one of the most popular saints in the south of France. His feast day is on August 16th.

## References
## Other websites 
* Saints & Angels
Sea glass

**Sea glass** and **beach glass** are pieces of glass worn smooth by s. Technically, "Sea glass" is glass found on beaches along bodies of salt water. As the glass reaches the shoreline pounding waves and rocks break it into smaller pieces. The sharp edges are worn smooth. Salt water erodes the glass and gives it a frosted appearance. "Beach glass" comes from fresh water. It is found mainly along coastlines and the shores of large lakes. However many feel sea glass and beach glass are the same thing. 

## Colors 
White, emerald green and brown are the most common colors. They came from jars, plain bottles and beer bottles thrown into the water. Small bubbles in the glass help to identify the original glass item.
 
## Locating 
Collectors walk beaches to find sea glass. After plastic became popular for s it became harder to find sea glass. Sea glass can take from 7 to 10 years to get a frosted appearance. In many places winter seems to be the best time to find sea glass. Experienced sea glass hunters look for periods of low tide to start looking. Beaches that are cleaned of debris regularly won't produce much sea glass. Hunters look for "dirty beaches" that are left alone and have .

## References
Bound for Glory (2014)

**Bound for Glory (2014)** was a professional wrestling pay-per-view show made by Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA). It was held on October 12, 2014 at the Korakuen Hall in Tokyo, Japan. The pay-per-view was a collaboration with the Japanese puroresu promotion Wrestle-1. It was the tenth Bound for Glory event that TNA held and was also the fourth and last event in TNA's 2014 pay-per-view schedule. The event was aired on tape delay because of the time difference. Taz and Mike Tenay were not in Japan at the event and instead did commentary from TNA headquarters in Nashville, Tennessee.

There were eight matches on the card. The main event saw The Great Muta and Tajiri defeat James Storm and The Great Sanada.

## Matches
## References
Al-Duhail SC

**Lekhwiya S.C.** is a football club which plays in Qatar.

## Achievements
***Qatargas League**
: Winners (1): 2009–10

***Qatar Stars League**
: Winners (8): 2010–11, 2011–12, 2013–14, 2014–15, 2016–17, 2017–18, 2019–20, 2022–23

***Crown Prince Cup**
: Winners (1): 2013

## References
Knut Nystedt

**Knut Nystedt** (3 September 1915 – 8 December 2014) was a Norwegian orchestral and choral composer. He was also a musician and played the Organ. Nystedt was born in Oslo, Norway. Nystedt founded and conducted Det Norske Solistkor from 1950 to 1990. He also founded and conducted Schola Cantorum from 1964 to 1985.

Nystedt died in his sleep at his home in Oslo on 8 December 2014 at the age of 99.

## References
## Other websites
*Knut Nystedt  Carus-Verlag
*Jens Staubrand: *Kierkegaard International Bibliography Music Works and Plays*, Copenhagen 2009. In English and Danish. . Including Knut Nystedt's *PRAYERS OF KIERKEGAARD*, for mixed chor a capella, the Kierkegaard words are taken from *Addresses At Holy Communion On Fridays*, *The Heathens’ Anxieties* and *The Journals*
*Stemmer fra Musikken has sound recordings with Knut Nystedt in Norwegian (NRK).
*Norsk Musikforlag
Malcolm Knowles

**Malcolm Shepard Knowles** (August 24, 1913 – November 27, 1997) was an American educator. He was active in developing theories of adult education. His ideas about self-directed learning have gained international recognition.

## Biographical information
Malcolm Shepard Knowles was born on August 24, 1913 in Montana. His family moved to West Palm Beach, Florida, when he was a young boy. He graduated from Palm Beach High School in 1930. In 1934, he graduated from Harvard University with a Bachelor of Arts.  Soon after graduation he married Hulda Fornell. From 1940 to 1943, he worked as Director of Adult Education at the Boston Young Men's Christian Association (YMCA). He was drafted into the United States Navy in 1943. In 1946, he moved to Chicago to work as the Director of Adult Education at that YMCA. During that time, he also worked on a Master of Arts at the University of Chicago. He earned the masters degree in 1949. He continued his studies at the University of Chicago, earning his PhD. He then spent 14 years at Boston University as an associate professor of adult education with tenure.  He became a member of the faculty of North Carolina State University School of Education in 1974. He also taught at Fielding Graduate University in Santa Barbara, CA and at the University of Arkansas. He died of a stroke on November 27, 1997 in Fayetteville, Arkansas.

## Selected bibliography
* 
*Knowles, M. S., & Knowles, H. F. (1955). *How to develop better leaders*. New York: Association Press.
*Knowles, M. S., & Knowles, H. F. (1959). *Introduction to group dynamics*. Chicago: Association Press. Revised edition 1972 *published by New York: Cambridge Books.
*Knowles, M. S. (1968). Andragogy, not pedagogy. *Adult Leadership, 16*(10), 350–352, 386.
*Knowles, M. S. (1973). *The adult learner: A neglected species*. Houston: Gulf Publishing Company. Revised Edition 1990.
*Knowles, M. S. (1975). *Self-directed learning: A guide for learners and teachers*. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice Hall/Cambridge.
*Knowles, M. S. (1980). *The modern practice of adult education: From pedagogy to andragogy.* Englewood Cliffs: Prentice Hall/Cambridge.
*Knowles, M. S., *et al.* (1984). *Andragogy in action: Applying modern principles of adult education*. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

## References
## Other websites
* Website about Knowles 
* Smith, M. K. (2002). Malcolm Knowles, informal adult education, self-direction and andragogy, the encyclopedia of informal education
* Fiorini, Deborah (2003). Malcolm Knowles' Personal Vitae
Justus

**Justus** (died 627) was an Archbishop of Canterbury.

**Justus** might also refer to:

## People
*Justus (son of Justin II), son of Roman Emperor Justin II

## Names
* Justus (given name)
* Justus (surname)

## Other uses
* *Justus* (album), a 1996 album by the Monkees
* Justus (*Shakugan no Shana*), a character in the light novel series *Shakugan no Shana*
* Justus, Ohio, a community in the United States
* Justus Township, the land of the Montana Freemen
* 2799 Justus, an asteroid
* Bishop Justus CE School, a secondary school 

## Related pages 
* Jesus Justus, Jewish Christian mentioned in the New Testament
Jorge María Mejía

**Jorge María Mejía** (31 January 1923 – 9 December 2014) was an Argentine cardinal of the Catholic Church (Roman Rite). He was born in Buenos Aires. On 21 February 2001, Mejía was appointed as Cardinal-Deacon of *San Girolamo della Carità* by Pope John Paul II in the consistory.

On 13 March 2013, Mejía suffered a heart attack on the same day his fellow Argentine Cardinal Jorge Mario Bergoglio was elected as Pope Francis, the 266th pontiff of the Catholic Church. 
Cardinal Mejía died in Rome on 9 December 2014 at the age of 91.

## References
Khalil Ullah Khan

**Khalil Ullah Khan** (, February 2, 1934 – December 7, 2014) was a Bangladeshi movie actor. Khalil Ullah began his acting career as a theater activist while he made his debut on the silver screen with *Sonar Kajol*. He then went on to star in about 800 movies. His first national award was for his role in *Gunda*. In 2012, he won 'Lifetime Achievement Award'.

Khan died from heart disease in Dhaka, Bangladesh, aged 80.

## References
## Other websites
* Bangladeshi actor Khalil Ullah Khan is dead
Roger Nordström

**Roger Nordström**, born 27 April 1966 in Malmö, Sweden, is a Swedish former ice hockey goaltender. He played most seasons for Malmö Redhawks. He then played for German club Krefeld Pinguine between 1998-2003.

During the 1992 Olympic tournament he was appointed for the Swedish national team.

## Tropies and awards
### Club teams
### National teams
* 1994: World championship bronze medal in Italy with Sweden
* 1995: World championship silver medal in Sweden with Sweden

## References 
## Other websites
*
Patricia Blair

**Patsy Lou Blake** (also known as **Patricia Blair**; January 15, 1933 – September 9, 2013) was an American television and movie actress. She is best known for playing Rebecca Boone in all six seasons of NBC's *Daniel Boone*. She also played Lou Mallory in *The Rifleman* from 1962 to 1963. She was tall at 5 feet 9 inches. She could work with tall stars like Fess Parker (*Daniel Boone*) and Chuck Connors (*The Rifleman*).

Patricia Blair was born in Fort Worth, Texas. She died in North Wildwood, New Jersey at age eighty.

## References
Armageddon (2003)

**Armageddon (2003)** was a professional wrestling pay-per-view show made by World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE). It took place on December 14, 2003 at TD Waterhouse Centre in Orlando, Florida. It was the fourth Armageddon event held by WWE.

The pay-per-view was a *Raw* brand exclusive. The main event saw Triple H win a Triple threat match against Kane and then-champion Goldberg. Triple H won the match and the World Heavyweight Championship after he pinned Goldberg following a chokeslam from Kane. Another main match that was on the undercard was Rob Van Dam defending his WWE Intercontinental Championship against Randy Orton. Orton would end up winning the match and he became the Intercontinental Champion after he pinned Van Dam following an RKO. Another primary match that was on the undercard was Batista facing Shawn Michaels. Michaels would win the match by pinfall after he performed the Sweet Chin Music on Batista.

The professional wrestling part of Canadian Online Explorer claimed that the event was a "flop" and rated the overall event a six out of ten.

## Matches
### Tag Team Turmoil match
## References
## Other websites
*Official Armageddon 2003 website
Colonel Tom Parker

**Colonel Thomas Andrew** "**Tom**" **Parker** (June 26, 1909January 21, 1997) born **Andreas Cornelis** ("**Dries**") **van Kuijk,** was a Dutch-born entertainment impresario. He was best known as the manager of Elvis Presley.  For many years Parker falsely claimed to have been U.S.-born, but it eventually emerged that he was born in Breda in the Netherlands.

## References
Comparison of baseball and cricket

**Baseball and cricket** are two similar sports. They are both considered bat-and-ball games and are played by both men and women. But they also have many differences. They have different rules, terms and organization. Their histories are both similar yet different.

## Common history 
Baseball is often thought to have descended from cricket. They both can be traced back to England. They have common terms such as inning(s), umpires, runs and out. So the connection seems very logical. Both have batters, and either a pitcher (baseball) or a bowler (cricket). The pitcher or bowler delivers the ball to the batter who tries to hit it with his bat. Players in the field try to catch the ball, or to prevent the batter from scoring runs. Both games have two umpires on the field. Cricket has eleven players while baseball has nine. Cricket batters usually hold the bat down, baseball batters always hold it up. The playing s are different sizes and shapes. The balls, while similar in construction, are slightly different in weight. The leather cover in baseball is white, while cricket balls can have a red or white leather cover.

## References
James Stewart (mathematician)

**James Drewry Stewart** (March 29, 1941December 3, 2014) was a Canadian mathematician,  violinist, and the professor emeritus of mathematics at McMaster University.

Stewart died in Toronto, Canada from multiple myeloma, aged 73.

## References
## Other websites
*Stewart Calculus Official Biography
*The house that math built by Katie Daubs at the Toronto Star
Fred Hawkins

**Fred Hawkins** (September 3, 1923 – December 6, 2014) was an American professional golfer. He played on the PGA Tour from the mid-1940s to the mid-1960s. Hawkins was born in Antioch, Illinois.

Hawkins died in Sebring, Florida, aged 91.'

## References
Mark Lewis (storyteller)

**Mark Lewis** (February 16, 1954 – December 7, 2014) was an American storyteller, actor, and teacher. He was known for being the narrator in the Pirates of the Caribbean rides on Disneyland.

Lewis died in Eugene, Oregon from surgical complications, aged 60.

## References
## Other websites
*
Hwayang-dong

**Hwayang-dong** is a *dong* in west Gwangjin-gu in Seoul, South Korea. It was joined into Gwangjin-gu on 13 August 1949. It is a mixed home and small business area. Mojin-dong is administered by Hwayang-dong. It has Konkuk University. 

## References
## Other websites
* Gwangjin-gu official website in English
* Chronicle of Beopjeong-dong and Haengjeong-dong 
* Map of Gwangjin-gu at the Gwangjin-gu official website
* Hwayang-dong resident office website
City farming

**City farming**, also called **urban farming**, is growing a kitchen garden () in a city. This has been practiced as long as there have been cities. Other names include "pea-patching", victory gardening and foodscaping. Urban farmers can grow food for their own use. They can also sell excess crops directly to stores or at a farmers' market. City farms can also be nonprofit operations that grow food for poor and homeless people. City farming also includes food growing cooperatives. They provide the opportunity to get involved in agriculture in their own city. In Brisbane, Australia a community group took a  city park that flooded regularly and changed it to an organic city farm. It allows many individuals and families to make an income selling the food they grow. Kids learn responsiblity and work ethics. They are also eager to try new foods when they see them grown in their own gardens. This benefits the school by providing food for school lunches. It also allows children to learn about growing their own food. There were food shortages in the United States, the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia and Germany. In the US alone, victory gardens provided 40% of the produce used during World War II. Victory gardens gave the people at home a sense of  doing their part for the war effort. Women in England tended to grow ornamental gardens. This made for an easy shift towards food gardening. Women in the US had a cultural identity with the British and also grew ornamental gardens. But there were stereotypes to working in agricultural jobs in the US. But these were quickly overcome. Victory gardens were not uncommon even among upper classes in America.

## References 
## Other websites 
* The Victory Garden, PBS

## Further reading
* Grow your own food
* Edible gardening guide 
* How to Design a Potager Garden
Armageddon (2004)

**Armageddon (2004)** was a professional wrestling pay-per-view show made by World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE). It took place on December 12, 2004 at Gwinnett Center in Duluth, Georgia. It was the fifth Armageddon event held by WWE.

The pay-per-view was a *SmackDown!* brand exclusive. There were 10 matches on the card with all 4 of *SmackDown!*'s championship were on the line. The main event saw John "Bradshaw" Layfield defeat Booker T, Eddie Guerrero and The Undertaker in a Fatal-Four Way match to retain his WWE Championship. Layfield won by Booker. If anyone interfered on JBL's behalf he would have lost the championship. Another main match on the undercard saw Big Show defeat Kurt Angle, Mark Jindrak and Luther Reigns in a Handicap match. Big Show was able to win the match after he pinned Jindrak following an F-5. Another primary match on the card saw John Cena defeat Jesús in a Street Fight to retain his WWE United States Championship. Cena won the match by executing an FU to Jesús and pinning him.

## Matches
## References
## Other websites
*Official Armageddon 2004 website
Helmut Schlesinger

**Helmut Schlesinger** (4 September 1924 &ndash; 23 December 2024) was a German economist. He was the President of the Bundesbank. He was born in Penzberg, Bavaria. He was a member of the Orders of Merit and of Chivalry of Germany, Italy, Austria, Hungary, Sweden, and Luxembourg.

Schlesinger turned 100 in September 2024. He died on 23 December 2024.

## References
Morley Safer

**Morley Safer** (November 8, 1931 &ndash; May 19, 2016) was a Canadian-American reporter and correspondent for CBS News. He was best known for his long tenure on the newsmagazine *60 Minutes*. He retired in May 2016, shortly before his death.

Safer died at his home in Manhattan, New York City on May 19, 2016 from pneumonia, aged 84.

## References
## Other websites
**Booknotes* interview with Safer on *Flashbacks on Returning to Vietnam*, May 6, 1990. 
*C-SPAN *Q&A* interview with Safer, October 7, 2012
Hans Tietmeyer

**Hans Tietmeyer** (18 August 1931 - 27 December 2016) was a German economist. He was thought to be one of the best experts on international financial matters. He was president of Deutsche Bundesbank from 1993 until 1999 and remained one of the most important figures in finance of the European Union.

## Other websites
* Personal Web site   
* Tietmeyer's page at the Pontifical Academy of Social Sciences
Departure (Journey album)

***Departure*** is the sixth studio album by Journey. The album was released on February 29, 1980. It was the group's last studio album with keyboardist Gregg Rolie.

## Track listing
Ed Bradley

**Edward Rudolph** "**Ed**" **Bradley, Jr.** (June 22, 1941 – November 9, 2006) was an American journalist. He was best known for 26 years of award-winning work on the CBS News television program *60 Minutes*. Bradley was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. 

Bradley died in New York City from leukemia, aged 65.

## References
## Other websites
* Ed Bradley Biography at CBS News
* 
* 
* Interview by John Sears for *Communicator,* August 2000 
*Remembering Ed Bradley - Clarence Page - November 14, 2006
* Ed Bradley: Journalist and Jazzman
* Tribute to Ed Bradley by CNN's Larry King 
* Pulitzer Prize-winning syndicated columnist Clarence Page on Ed Bradley (11/13/2006)
* Broadcast Pioneers of Philadelphia webpage
* RTDNA Ed Bradley Scholarship
Frederick Law Olmsted

**Frederick Law Olmsted** (April 26, 1822 – August 28, 1903) was an American landscape architect, journalist, social critic, and public administrator. He is considered to be the father of American landscape architecture. He helped Calvert Vaux design Central Park in New York City. Later he designed many parks.

## References
Ann Carter

**Ann Carter** (June 16, 1936 – January 27, 2014) was a former American child actress. She worked with dozens of movie stars. She played Amy Reed in *The Curse of the Cat People*. She played Peggy Allen in *Child of Divorce*.

Carter was born in Syracuse, New York. After acting, she graduated from Occidental College in Los Angeles. She had been fighting ovarian cancer for nine years.

## References
Vanderlei (footballer, born 1984)

**Vanderlei Farias da Silva** (born 1 February 1984) is an Brazilian football player. He is a goalkeeper. He currently plays with Coritiba.

Vanderlei started his career in Londrina. Later he played for a great team of Brazil, Coritiba.

## Honours
;Paranavaí
* Paraná State Championship: 2007

;Coritiba
* Brazilian Série B: 2007, 2010
* Paraná State Championship: 2008, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013

## References 
## Other websites 
* Coritiba official website
Ralph Giordano

**Ralph Giordano** (March 23, 1923 – December 10, 2014) was a German writer and publicist. He survived the Holocaust and since then he has been writing books about his experiences. For a short-while he was a communist. Giordano was also an activist and critic. Giordano was born in Hamburg, Germany.

Giordano died in Cologne, Germany from complications of a broken hip following a fall, aged 91.

## References
Ventnor

**Ventnor** () is a seaside resort and civil parish on the south coast of the Isle of Wight, England. It was established in the Victorian era. Ventnor lies underneath St Boniface Down. At  it is the highest point on the Isle of Wight. Ventnor is built on steep slopes and cliffs leading down to the sea. It has more sunny days than much of the British Isles, and fewer frosts. This has allowed many species of subtropical plant to grow here. Ventnor Botanic Garden is particularly notable.

## References
Diplomatics

**Diplomatics** is a discipline which is concerned with the analysis of historical documents. The word goes back to *diploma*, which literally means folded (document). Using the term diplomatics for this science is probably due to a work called *De re diplomatica*, by Jean Mabilon (1632-1707). Note also, that the term is unrelated to diplomacy. 

The discipline originally evolved as a tool for studying and determining the  of the official charters and diplomas issued by royal and papal chanceries. It was later found that many of the same underlying principles could be applied to other types of official document and legal instrument, to non-official documents such as private letters, and, most recently, to the metadata of electronic records.

Diplomatics is one of the auxiliary sciences of history. It should not be confused (as it often is) with its sister-discipline of palaeography. In fact, its techniques have more in common with those of the literary disciplines of textual criticism and historical criticism.

## References
Jane Freilicher

**Jane Freilicher** (November 29, 1924 – December 9, 2014) was an American representational painter. She was known for her paintings of urban and country scenes from her homes in lower Manhattan. She was a member of the informal New York School beginning in the 1950s.

Freilicher died in Manhattan at the age of 90 on December 9, 2014.

## References
Lois Nettleton

**Lois Nettleton** (August 16, 1927 – January 18, 2008) was an American actress. She acted in television and movies and on stage. She was a semifinalist at the 1948 Miss America pageant. She acted in dozens of television shows, including *Gunsmoke* and *Daniel Boone*.

Nettleton was born in Oak Park, Illinois. She died of lung cancer in California at age 80.
Joy Page

**Joy Page** (November 9, 1924 – April 18, 2008) was an American actress. She played Annina Brandel in the movie *Casablanca*. She also played Marsinah in the 1944 movie *Kismet*.

Page was born in Los Angeles, California. She died from pneumonia and a stroke, at age eighty-three.
Armageddon (2006)

**Armageddon (2006)** was a professional wrestling pay-per-view show made by World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE). It took place on December 17, 2006 at the Richmond Coliseum in Richmond, Virginia. It was the seventh Armageddon event held by WWE.

The pay-per-view was a *SmackDown!* brand exclusive. The main event was a tag team match, which saw the team of Batista and John Cena defeat the team of King Booker and Finlay. Two other matches on the undercard, saw The Undertaker defeat Mr. Kennedy in a Last Ride match, and Kane defeat Montel Vontavious Porter in an Inferno match.

## Matches
## References
## Other websites
*Official Armageddon 2006 website
Selma Blair

**Selma Blair** (b. June 23, 1972) is an American actress. She acts in a variety of movie genres. She played Cecile Caldwell in the movie *Cruel Intentions*. She played Vivian in *Legally Blonde*.

Blair was born in Southfield, Michigan.

In October 2018, Blair revealed that she had been diagnosed with multiple sclerosis. 

## References
Jože Toporišič

**Jože Toporišič** (October 11, 1926 – December 9, 2014) was a Slovene linguist. He was the author of the most influential Slovene scientific grammar of the second half of the 20th century. He was a member of the Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts, and coauthor of the Academy's Slovene Normative Guide (). He was born in Mostec, near Brežice in Slovenia.

Toporišič died in Ljubljana, Slovenia, aged 88.

## Other websites
* 
* 
* 
*
Russ Kemmerer

**Russell Paul Kemmerer** (November 1, 1930 – December 8, 2014) was an American professional baseball player. He was a right-handed pitcher. He played for the Boston Red Sox (–), the Washington Senators (–), the Chicago White Sox (–), and the Houston Colt .45s (–) to finish his career.

Kemmerer died in Indianapolis, Indiana, aged 84.

## References
Robert B. Oakley

**Robert Bigger Oakley** (March 12, 1931 – December 10, 2014) is an American diplomat. He was a Foreign Service Officer. He was United States Ambassador to Zaire, Somalia, and Pakistan. In the early 1990s, he was a special envoy during the American involvement in Somalia under the Jimmy Carter, Ronald Reagan, and George Bush presidencies.

Oakley died in McLean, Virginia from complications from Parkinson's disease, aged 83.

## References
## Other websites
*Adapted from: State Department biography  (public domain)
*Mississippi State University: Biography of Robert B. Oakley 
* The Foreign Affairs Oral History Collection of the Association for Diplomatic Studies and Training; Interview of Robert B. Oakley by Charles Kennedy and Thomas Stern; July 7, 1992.
New Hartford, Connecticut

**New Hartford** is a town in Litchfield County, Connecticut, United States. The population was 6,658 at the 2020 census.

## References
Ottershaw

**Ottershaw** is a village in the Runnymede district of Surrey, England. It is about  southwest of London. Ottershaw is part of the mixed rural and suburban Foxhills ward. It is part of the parish of Ottershaw. This parish was first established in 1864 in what was part of the original parish of Chertsey. This is when the name 'Ottershaw' came into use. Before that it was a part of Chertsey Common, which was part of Windsor Forest.

## References
Karl Otto Pöhl

**Karl Otto Pöhl** (1 December 1929 - 9 December 2014) was a German economist. He served as President of the Bundesbank and Chairman of its Central Bank Council from 1980 to 1991. He was born in Hanover, Lower Saxony.

Pöhl died in Zurich, Switzerland, aged 85.

## References
## Other websites
*
Albert Günther

**Albert Günther** FRS, (Albert Karl Ludwig Gotthilf Günther, also Albert Charles Lewis Gotthilf Günther, 3 October 1830 – 1 February 1914), was a German-born British zoologist, ichthyologist, and herpetologist. Günther is currently ranked the second-most productive reptile taxonomist. He described more than 340 reptile species.

He joined the British Museum in 1857, under Richard Owen and John Edward Gray. His first task was to classify 2000 snake specimens. After the death of Gray in 1875, Günther was appointed Keeper of Zoology at the Natural History Museum, a position he held until 1895. 

The major work of his life was the eight-volume *Catalogue of Fishes* (1859–1870, Ray Society). He also worked on the reptiles and amphibians in the museum collection. In 1864, he founded *The Zoological Record* and was editor for six years.

## References
Vonetta McGee

**Vonetta McGee** (14 January 1945 – 9 July 2010) was an American actress. She was known for her roles in movies during the 1970s. She played the Negress in *The Kremlin Letter*. She played Melinda in the movie *Melinda*.

McGee was born in San Francisco, California. She died from cardiac arrest in Berkeley, California.
Zalman King

**Zalman King** (May 23, 1942 – February 3, 2012) was an American movie writer, producer, movie director and actor. He directed several erotic movies, including *Wild Orchid* (1990) and *Two Moon Junction* (1988).

King was born in Trenton, New Jersey. He died from cancer in Santa Monica, California.
Cornelius Vanderbilt

**Cornelius Vanderbilt** (May 27, 1794 – January 4, 1877) was an American businessman, philanthropist, and slave owner. A lot of his wealth came from railroads and shipping.

He was also the patriarch of the Vanderbilt family. He was one of the richest Americans in history. He provided the initial gift to found Vanderbilt University, which is named in his honor.

Vanderbilt died on January 4, 1877 in New York City, New York from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), aged 82.

Vanderbilt was worth more than $100 million at the time of his death (equivalent to approximately $ in  dollars).

## References
## Other websites
Billy Boys

"**Billy Boys**", also titled "**The Billy Boys**, is a loyalist song from Glasgow, sung to the tune of "Marching Through Georgia." and later became viewed to reflect the long running sectarian divide in the city. It is also commonly used by fans of Rangers football club.

## Sources
Addlestone

**Addlestone** is a large village in Runnymede, Surrey. It is situated between Weybridge and Chertsey. It has a railway station that has direct links to London within 1.5 hours. Addlestone is famous for a thousand year oak tree named The Crouch Oak. There is a legend that Queen Elizabeth I stopped to picnic under it.

## References
Wareside

**Wareside** is a small village in Hertfordshire, England. It is about 3 miles away from the town of Ware.
Weybridge

**Weybridge** is a small town in Surrey. It is near Walton-On-Thames and Addlestone. Weybridge is known for being a middle class area with many wealthy people living there.

## Famous residents
Famous residents, past and present, include:
*Jacqueline Bisset - actress, was born in the town.
*John Lennon - lived in Weybridge in the mid to late 1960s, in a mansion on St George's Hill
*Ringo Starr - lived in Weybridge in the late 1960s
*Tom Jones - lived in Weybridge in the late 1960s
*Nina Bawden - lived in Weybridge in the 1960s and 70s, ''Carrie's War'' was written at her house in Hanger Hill, since demolished along with the private 'Wallop School'
*E. M. Forster - author, wrote his best known book, *Howards End*, in Weybridge, 1908–10
*Petr Čech - Czech footballer, Chelsea F.C.
*Peter Crouch - footballer, Stoke City F.C.
*Cliff Richard - pop singer
Debenhams

**Debenhams** was the United Kingdom's largest department store chain. It was formed in 1778. It is a company that has opened shops across the world, first opening in London, England. Debenhams operated nearly 100 retail stores in the UK in 2005. The 2014 Christmas advert was filmed in the Sutton, London shop in August 2014.

Debenhams was acquired by the online retailer Boohoo for £55m in 2021.

## References
Banstead

**Banstead** is a village in the borough of Reigate and Banstead in Surrey, England. 
It has been there since 967 AD. It has a high street with lots of coffee shops, such as Cafe Nero, Costa, and Caffe Italia.
Towns close by include Reigate, Sutton, Epsom and Belmont.
West Bridgford

**West Bridgford** is a small town in Nottinghamshire. The River Trent runs through it. The Trent Bridge cricket ground and the Nottingham Forest football ground are there.

West Bridgford has a lot of independent cafes and supermarkets such as ASDA, Marks and Spencers and The Co-operative.
West Bridgford is often called "Bread and Lard Island". It is called that because it is thought that the people who live there spend most of their money on big houses and fur coats, and can only afford to eat bread and lard at home.

## References
Regent's Canal

'''Regent's Canal''' is a canal in England. It runs through Camden. It is part of the London Canal Network.

## Other websites