open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Chris Beckford-Tseu

**Chris Beckford-Tseu** (born June 22, 1984) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey goaltender. He played 1 game in the National Hockey League (NHL). He played for the St. Louis Blues.

## Career
Before playing in the NHL, Beckford-Tseu played parts of one season with the Guelph Storm, three seasons with the Oshawa Generals, and one season with the Kingston Frontenacs of the Ontario Hockey League (OHL).

He was drafted 159th overall by the St. Louis Blues in the 2003 NHL entry draft. On September 10, 2004, Beckford-Tseu signed his entry-level contract to join the Blues. He was immediately sent down to play for their ECHL and AHL-affiliate Worcester IceCats, Peoria Rivermen (ECHL), Peoria Rivermen (AHL) and Alaska Aces. On February 21, 2008, the Blues called him up and Beckford-Tseu made his NHL debut, stopping 8 of 9 shots in a 5–1 loss against the Los Angeles Kings. After the game, the Blues sent him back down to play for the Rivermen.

On July 3, 2008, Beckford-Tseu signed a contract to join the Florida Panthers. He never played a game for the Panthers and was sent down to play for their AHL and ECHL-affiliate Rochester Americans and Florida Everblades. He finished his career playing for the Phoenix Roadrunners, Victoria Salmon Kings, and Greenville Road Warriors of the ECHL.

Beckford-Tseu retired from playing professional ice hockey in 2011.
	
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Curtis Sanford

**Curtis Sanford** (born October 5, 1979) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey goaltender. He played parts of 6 seasons in the National Hockey League (NHL). He played for the St. Louis Blues, Vancouver Canucks, and Columbus Blue Jackets. Outside of the NHL, Sanford played for Lokomotiv Yaroslavl of the Kontinental Hockey League (KHL).

He currently works as a goaltending coach for Toronto Maple Leafs.

## Career
Before playing in the NHL, Sanford played parts of four seasons with the Owen Sound Platers of the Ontario Hockey League (OHL) and 6 regular season games with the Missouri River Otters of the United Hockey League (UHL).

He was not drafted by an NHL team. On October 9, 2000, Sanford signed a contract to join the St. Louis Blues of the National Hockey League (NHL). He was immediately sent down to play for their ECHL and AHL-affiliate Peoria Rivermen and Worcester IceCats. On October 17, 2002, the Blues called him up and Sanford made his NHL debut, stopping 12 of 13 shots in a 7–1 win against the Columbus Blue Jackets. On March 1, 2003, Sanford stopped all 27 shots he faced in a 2–0 win against the Minnesota Wild to earn his first NHL shutout. On September 10, 2004, Sanford signed a contract to stay with the Blues. The NHL named him as the NHL Defensive Player of the Week for the weed of November 21.

On July 3, 2007, Sanford signed a one-year, $600,000 contract to join the Vancouver Canucks. The Canucks signed Sanford as a backup goaltender to Roberto Luongo. On July 3, 2008, Sanford signed a one-year, $650,000 contract to stay with the Canucks. In November 2008, Sanford became the Canucks starting goaltender after Luongo was out with an injury. The starting job did not last long as Sanford was injured with back spasms and a groin injury. On January 14, 2009, the Canucks placed Sanford on waivers and he cleared them to play for their AHL-affiliate Manitoba Moose.

On July 20, 2009, Sanford signed a one-year, two-way contract to join the Montreal Canadiens. He was sent down to play for their AHL-affiliate Hamilton Bulldogs. On July 1, 2010, Sanford signed a one-year, $550,000 contract to stay with the Canadiens. 

He played parts of two seasons with the Bulldogs. He was awarded the Harry "Hap" Holmes Memorial Award for the goaltender with the lowest goals against average in the AHL.

On July 1, 2011, Sanford signed a one-year, $600,000 contract to join the Columbus Blue Jackets. He played 36 regular season games with the Blue Jackets, posting a record of 10–18, a 2.60 goals against average, and a .911 save percentage.

After the season, Sanford decided to sign a contract with Lokomotiv Yaroslavl of the Kontinental Hockey League (KHL). The team was still rebuilding at the time shortly after the team was killed in the Lokomotiv Yaroslavl plane crash. He played parts of three seasons with the team.

On March 7, 2015, Sanford announced that he was retiring from playing professional ice hockey. On July 5, 2022, Sanford signed a contract to join the Toronto Maple Leafs to become a goaltending coach for the team.
	
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David Aebischer

**David Aebischer** (born 7 February 1978) is a Swiss former professional ice hockey goaltender. He played parts of 7 seasons in the National Hockey League (NHL). He played for the Colorado Avalanche, Montreal Canadiens, and Phoenix Coyotes. Outside of the NHL, Aebischer played for HC Fribourg-Gottéron, HC Lugano, and the Rapperswil-Jona Lakers of the NDA/National League A (NLA), and HC Thurgau of the National League B (NLB).

He currently works as a goaltending coach for HC Fribourg-Gottéron of the National League.

## Career
Before playing in the NHL, Aebischer played parts of one season with HC Fribourg-Gottéron of the NDA, one season with the Chesapeake Icebreakers and one season with the Wheeling Nailers of the ECHL.

He was drafted 161st overall by the Colorado Avalanche in the 1997 NHL entry draft. He was immediately sent down to play for their AHL-affiliate Hershey Bears and also returned to play one game with HC Fribourg-Gottéron. On 18 October 2000, the Avalanche called him up and Aebischer made his NHL debut, stopping 20 of 21 shots in a 5–1 win against the Columbus Blue Jackets. On 26 October, Aebischer stopped 18 of 18 shots in a 2–0 win against the Chicago Blackhawks to earn his first NHL shutout. During his time with Colorado, he was the backup goaltender for Patrick Roy. He helped the Avalanche during the playoffs. They defeated the Vancouver Canucks, Los Angeles Kings and the St. Louis Blues. They went on to defeat the New Jersey Devils four games to three in the Finals to win the Stanley Cup. By winning the cup, Aebischer also became the first Swiss player to become a Stanley Cup champion. On 15 August 2001, Aebischer signed a three-year, $1.5 million contract to stay with the Avalanche. On 28 May 2003, Roy announced his retirement and the Avalanche made Aebischer the starting goaltender. Aebischer was selected to play in the NHL YoungStars Game that season. On 16 July 2004, Aebischer signed a one-year contract to stay with the Avalanche. On 16 August 2005, Aebischer signed a contract to stay with the Avalanche.

On 8 March 2006, the Avalanche traded Aebischer to the Montreal Canadiens in exchange for José Théodore. The Canadiens brought him in to be the backup goaltender for Cristobal Huet. On 12 July, Aebischer signed a one-year contract to stay with the Canadiens.

On 19 July 2007, Aebischer signed a one-year, $600,000 contract to join the Phoenix Coyotes. He played one game with them before being sent down to play for their AHL-affiliate San Antonio Rampage. On 23 November 23, the Rampage loaned Aebischer out to play for was loaned to HC Lugano of the National League A (NLA). He played parts of four seasons with Lugano.

On 25 January 2015, Aebischer announced that he was retiring from playing professional ice hockey.
	
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Johan Holmqvist

**Johan Erik Daniel Holmqvist** (born May 24, 1978) is a Swedish former professional ice hockey goaltender. He played parts of 5 seasons in the National Hockey League (NHL). He played for the New York Rangers, Dallas Stars, and Tampa Bay Lightning. Outside of the NHL, Holmqvist played for Brynäs IF, Frölunda HC, and Karlskrona HK of the Elitserien/Swedish Hockey League (SHL).

Holmqvist is a one-time Le Mat Trophy champion, winning with Brynäs in 1999.

## Career
Before playing in the NHL, Holmqvist played parts of four seasons with Brynäs IF of the Elitserien. He had a successful time with Brynäs. He helped them during the playoffs. They defeated Djurgårdens IF and Luleå HF. They went on to defeat MODO Hockey three games to two in the finals to win the Le Mat Trophy.

He was drafted 175th overall by the New York Rangers in the 1997 NHL entry draft. On 24 July 2000, Holmqvist signed his entry-level contract to join the Rangers. He was immediately sent down to play for their AHL-affiliate Hartford Wolf Pack. On 27 October 2000, the Rangers called him up and Holmqvist made his NHL debut, stopping 29 of 33 shots in a 4–1 loss against the Pittsburgh Penguins. On 12 August 2002, Holmqvist signed a contract to stay with the Rangers.

On 11 March 2003, the Rangers traded Holmqvist to the Minnesota Wild in exchange for Lawrence Nycholat. On 8 July 2003, Holmqvist signed a multi-year contract to stay with the Wild. He never played a game for the Wild and played his time for their AHL-affiliate Houston Aeros.

After the NHL entered into a lockout, Holmqvist decided to leave the Rangers and North America to Brynäs IF of the Elitserien. He played parts of two seasons in his return to the team.

On 1 June 2006, Holmqvist returned to North America and signed a one-year contract to join the Tampa Bay Lightning of the National Hockey League (NHL). On 2 November, Holmqvist stopped 30 of 32 shots in a 5–2 win against the Philadelphia Flyers to earn his first NHL win. On 19 May 2007, Holmqvist signed a one-year, $1 million contract to stay with the Lightning. On 1 February 1, he stopped all 31 shots in a in a 4–0 win against the Carolina Hurricanes to earn his first NHL shutout. He played 31 regular season games over two season for the Ducks.

On 26 February 2008, the Lightning traded Holmqvist along with Brad Richards to the Dallas Stars in exchange for Mike Smith, Jussi Jokinen, and Jeff Halpern. He played 2 regular season games with the Stars.

On July 23, 2008, he left North America again and signed a contract with Frölunda HC of the Elitserien. He finished his career in Europe.

Holmqvist retired from playing professional ice hockey in 2018.
	
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Nolan Schaefer

**Nolan Schaefer** (born January 15, 1980) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey goaltender. He played 7 regular season games in the National Hockey League (NHL). He played for the San Jose Sharks. Outside of the NHL, Schaefer played for CSKA Moscow of the Kontinental Hockey League (KHL), and both HC Ambrì-Piotta and SC Bern of the National League A (NLA).

## Career
Before playing in the NHL, Schaefer played parts of four years with the Providence Friars of Hockey East. He had a successful time with the Friars. He was named to the All-Hockey East Second Team and the AHCA East Second-Team All-American.

He was drafted 166th overall by the San Jose Sharks in the 2000 NHL entry draft. On August 19, 2003, Schaefer signed his entry-level contract to join the Sharks. He was immediately sent down to play for their ECHL and AHL-affiliates Fresno Falcons and Cleveland Barons. On October 26, 2005, the Sharks called him up and Schaefer made his NHL debut, entering the game for the injured Vesa Toskala and stopping 12 of 13 shots in a 5–4 overtime win against the San Jose Sharks. On August 15, 2005, Schaefer signed a one-year contract to stay with the Sharks. On November 4, 2005, Schaefer stopped all 21 shots he faced in a 1–0 overtime win against the Mighty Ducks of Anaheim to earn his first NHL shutout. 

On February 27, 2007, the Sharks traded Schaefer to the Pittsburgh Penguins in exchange for a 2007 seventh-round draft pick. He never played a game for the Penguins and was sent down to play for their AHL-affiliate Wilkes-Barre/Scranton Penguins.

On July 3, 2007, Schaefer signed a two-year, $1.2 million contract to join the Minnesota Wild. He never played a game for the Wild and was sent down to play for their AHL-affiliate Houston Aeros. He finished his second season with the Aeros, posting a 26–17 record with a 2.52 goals against average and a .903 save percentage. He was awarded the Harry "Hap" Holmes Memorial Award as being the goaltender with the lowest goals against average in the AHL.

On August 5, 2009, Schaefer left North America and signed a contract to join CSKA Moscow of the Kontinental Hockey League (KHL). He played out the rest of his career in Europe.

Schaefer retired from playing professional ice hockey in 2015.
		
## Personal life
Schaefer's younger brother Peter was also a professional ice hockey player who played over 500 games in the NHL.
	
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Scott Clemmensen

**Scott Lee Clemmensen** (born July 23, 1977) is an American former professional ice hockey goaltender. He played parts of 12 seasons in the National Hockey League (NHL). He played for the New Jersey Devils, Toronto Maple Leafs, and Florida Panthers.

## Career
Before playing in the NHL, Clemmensen played parts of two seasons with the Des Moines Buccaneers of the United States Hockey League (USHL) and three years with the Boston College Eagles of the Hockey East. He had a successful time with his teams. The Eagles won the men's ice hockey tournament, defeating the North Dakota Fighting Sioux in the Frozen Four in 2001.

He was drafted 215th overall by the New Jersey Devils in the 1997 NHL entry draft. On June 2, 2001, Clemmensen signed his entry-level contract to join the Devils. On October 6, 2001, the Devils called him up and Clemmensen made his NHL debut in relief of Martin Brodeur, stopping 4 of 5 shots he faced in a 6–1 loss against the Washington Capitals. After playing two games with the team, they sent him down to play for their AHL-affiliate Albany River Rats. On September 18, 2002, Clemmensen signed a contract to stay with the Devils. On August 13, 2004, Clemmensen signed a contract to stay with the Devils. On October 3, 2006, Clemmensen signed a one-year contract to stay with the Devils.

On July 6, 2007, Clemmensen signed a one-year, $500,000 contract to join the Toronto Maple Leafs. He was sent down to play for their AHL-affiliate Toronto Marlies and played a season with them before being called up and playing 3 regular season games with the Leafs.

On July 10, 2008, Clemmensen signed a one-year contract to rejoin the New Jersey Devils. He played 40 games in his return with the Devils. Over that season, he posted a 25–13–1 record with a 2.39 goals against average and a .917 save percentage. For his efforts, the Devils named him as their nominee for the Bill Masterton Memorial Trophy.

On July 1, 2009, Clemmensen signed a three-year, $3.6 million contract to join the Florida Panthers. On July 1, 2012, Clemmensen signed a two-year, $2.4 million contract to stay with the Panthers.

On July 1, 2014, Clemmensen signed a one-year, $600,000 contract to rejoin the Devils. He played 3 regular seasons games in his return before New Jersey sent him down to play for their AHL-affiliate Albany Devils.

On June 30, 2015, Clemmensen retired from playing professional ice hockey and accepted a job to become a goaltending development coach for the New Jersey Devils.

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Scott Langkow

**Scott Langkow** (born April 21, 1975) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey goaltender. He played 20 regular season games in the National Hockey League (NHL). He played for the Winnipeg Jets, Phoenix Coyotes, and Atlanta Thrashers. Outside of the NHL, Langkow also played for Ässät and Lukko of the SM-liiga, HV71 of the Elitserien, the Rapperswil-Jona Lakers of the National League A (NLA), Metallurg Novokuznetsk of the Russian Superleague (RSL), and Krefeld Pinguine of the Kontinental Hockey League (KHL).

## Career
Before playing in the NHL, Lanmgkow played parts of four seasons with Portland Winter Hawks of the Western Hockey League (WHL). He had a successful time with his Winter Hawks. He was selected for back-to-back WHL West Second All-Star Teams in both 1994 and 1995.

He was drafted 31st overall by the Winnipeg Jets in the 1993 NHL entry draft. On December 7, 1995, Langkow made his NHL debut, stopping the 2 shots against him in a 5–3 loss against the San Jose Sharks. After the game, the Oilers sent him down to play for their AHL-affiliate Springfield Falcons. He had a successful time with the Falcons. He was co-awarded the Harry "Hap" Holmes Memorial Award with Manny Legace for the lowest goals against average in the AHL. Langkow was also awarded the Aldege "Baz" Bastien Memorial Award for the most outstanding goaltender in the AHL and was selected to the AHL First All-Star Team. He stayed with the franchise when they relocated to become the Phoenix Coyotes.

On June 25, 1999, the Coyotes traded Langkow to the Atlanta Thrashers in exchange for future considerations. He played 15 regular season games with the Thrashers, recording a 3–11 record with a 4.31 goals against average, and a .861 save percentage. He was then sent down to play for their IHL-affiliate Orlando Solar Bears and then their ECHL-affiliate Mobile Mysticks.

On February 9, 2001, the Thrashers traded Langkow along with Sergei Vyshedkevich to the Mighty Ducks of Anaheim in exchange for Ladislav Kohn. He never played for the team and was sent down to play for their AHL-affiliate Cincinnati Mighty Ducks. He played 15 regular season games with the Mighty Ducks.

On October 16, Langkow decided to leave the Mighty Ducks and signed a contract to join the Kalamazoo Wings of the United Hockey League (UHL). He played 15 regular season games with the Thrashers, recording a 20–24 record with a 3.28 goals against average, and a .899 save percentage.

He then headed to Europe and played three seasons with Ässät and one season with Lukko of the SM-liiga. He played for many other European teams throughout his career.

Markkanen retired from playing professional ice hockey in 2013.

## Personal life
His younger brother Daymond also played in the NHL for parts of 16 seasons.
	
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Kirk McLean

**Kirk Alan McLean** (born June 26, 1966) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey goaltender. He played parts of 16 seasons in the National Hockey League (NHL). He played for the New Jersey Devils, Vancouver Canucks, Carolina Hurricanes, Florida Panthers, and New York Rangers.

McLean is a two-time All-Star, being named on in 1990 and 1992.

## Career
Before playing in the NHL, McLean played parts of three seasons with the Oshawa Generals of the Ontario Hockey League (OHL). He also played 15 regular seasons games with the Nanaimo Clippers of the British Columbia Hockey League (BCHL).

He was drafted 107th overall by the New Jersey Devils in the 1984 NHL entry draft. On April 5, 1986, McLean made his NHL debut in a 7–1 loss against the New York Islanders. On April 6, 1986, McLean stopped 20 of 27 shots in a 7–1 loss against the New York Islanders. After the two games, the Devils sent him down to play for their AHL-affiliate Maine Mariners.

On September 15, 1987, the Devils traded McLean along with Greg Adams to the Vancouver Canucks in exchange for Patrik Sundström and a 1988 fourth-round draft pick. On February 17, 1988, McLean stopped all 27 shots he faced in a 5–0 win against the Pittsburgh Penguins to record his first NHL shutout. He started to find success during his time in Vancouver. Over the 1988–89 season, McLean posted a 20–17–3 record with a 3.08 goals against average and a .891 save percentage. For his efforts, the Canucks named him as their nominee for the Vezina Trophy and he finished third in voting. the next season, McLean was selected to play for in his first All-Star Game. On October 16, 1990, McLean signed a contract to stay with the Canucks. The next season, he was nominated for the Vezina Trophy again but it was won by Patrick Roy. He helped the Canucks when they went on a run in the playoffs. They defeated the Calgary Flames, Dallas Stars, and Toronto Maple Leafs. They were eventually defeated by the New York Rangers four games to three in the Final. He had some notable moments during the playoffs. During game 7 of the first round against the Calgary Flames. McLean scrambled back into position and stacked the pads to save an open net one-timer shot from Robert Reichel. He also posted back-to-back shutouts in game 3 and 4 against the Maple Leafs. On April 5, 1995, McLean signed a five-year, $2.4 million contract to stay with the Canucks.

On January 2, 1998, the Canucks traded McLean along with Martin Gélinas to the Carolina Hurricanes in exchange for Sean Burke, Geoff Sanderson, and Enrico Ciccone. He played 8 regular season games with the Hurricanes.

On March 23, the Hurricanes traded McLean to the Florida Panthers in exchange for Ray Sheppard. He played parts of two seasons with the Panthers.

On July 13, 1999, McLean signed a two-year, $1.64 million contract to join the New York Rangers. He played parts of two seasons with the Rangers.

McLean retired from playing professional ice hockey in 2001.

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Steve Mason (ice hockey)

**Steve Mason** (born May 29, 1988) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey goaltender. He played parts of 12 seasons in the National Hockey League (NHL). He played for the Columbus Blue Jackets, Philadelphia Flyers, and Winnipeg Jets.

Mason is a one-time All-Star, being named on in 2009. He was also the winner of the Calder Memorial Trophy in 2009.

## Career
Before playing in the NHL, Mason played parts of three seasons with the London Knights and one season with the Kitchener Rangers of the Ontario Hockey League (OHL). He had a successful time with his teams. He finished the 2006–07 season with a 45–13–4 record with a 3.20 goals against average and a .914 save percentage. For his efforts, he was named the OHL's best goaltender.

He was drafted 69th overall by the Columbus Blue Jackets in the 2006 NHL entry draft. On October 6, 2001, the Blue Jackets called him up to replace the injured Pascal Leclaire and Mason made his NHL debut. He stopped 22 of the 26 shots he faced in a 5–4 win against the Edmonton Oilers. On November 22, Mason stopped all 15 shots he faced in a 2–0 win against the Atlanta Thrashers to record his first NHL shutout. He went on to have a fantastic rookie season. Over the season, he posted a 33–20–7 record with a 2.29 goals against average and a .916 save percentage. The NHL named him the back-to-back Rookie of the Month for November and December. For his efforts, Mason was awarded the Calder Memorial Trophy. He was also nominated for the Vezina Trophy. On September 20, 2010, Mason signed a two-year, $5.8 million contract extension to stay with the Blue Jackets.

On April 3, 2013, the Blue Jackets traded Mason to the Philadelphia Flyers in exchange for Michael Leighton and a 2015 third-round draft pick. On April 8, Mason signed a one-year, $1.5 million contract to stay with the Flyers. On January 18, 2014, Mason signed a three-year $12.3 million contract to stay with the Flyers.

On July 1, 2017, Mason signed a two-year $8.2 million contract to join the Winnipeg Jets. He played 13 regular season games with the Jets, missing a lot of time after being injured.

On June 30, 2018, the Jets traded Mason along with Joel Armia, a 2019 seventh-round draft pick, and a 2020 fourth-round draft pick to the Montreal Canadiens in exchange for Simon Bourque. He did not play a game with them and the Canadiens placed Mason on waivers, making him a free agent.

Mason retired from playing professional ice hockey in 2018.

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Vesa Toskala

**Vesa Tapani Toskala** (born May 20, 1977) is a Finnish former professional ice hockey goaltender. He played parts of 8 seasons in the National Hockey League (NHL). He played for the San Jose Sharks, Toronto Maple Leafs, and Calgary Flames. Outside of the NHL, Toskala played for Ilves of the SM-liiga, as well as, Färjestad BK and AIK IF of the Elitserien.

## Career
Before playing in the NHL, Toskala played parts of four seasons with Ilves of the SM-liiga and one season with Färjestad BK of the Elitserien. 

He was drafted 90th overall by the San Jose Sharks in the 1995 NHL entry draft. On 11 June 2001, Toskala signed a contract to join the Sharks. He was sent down to play for their AHL-affiliate Kentucky Thoroughblades. On 24 November 2001, the Sharks called him up and Toskala made his NHL debut in relief of Evgeni Nabokov, stopping all 2 shots he faced in a 3–1 loss against the Los Angeles Kings. On 27 March 2003, Toskala stopped all 25 shots he faced in a 3–0 win against the Detroit Red Wings to record his first NHL shutout. On 3 August 2004, Toskala signed a two-year contract to stay with the Sharks. During the 2005–06 season, the NHL named Toskala as the Defensive Player of the Week for the weeks of March 27 and April 10. On 3 August 2004, Toskala signed a two-year contract extension to stay with the Sharks.

On 22 June 2007, the Sharks traded Toskala along with Mark Bell to the Toronto Maple Leafs in exchange for a 2007 first- and second-round draft pick and a 2009 fourth-round draft pick. On 18 March 2008, an embarrassing moment happened for Toskala during a game against the New York Islanders. Islanders player Rob Davison tried to dump the puck off the boards while on the penalty kill. The puck bounced five times off the ice from 174 feet away and then beat Toskala's glove for the only team goal in a 3–1 win for the Leafs.

On 31 January 2010, the Maple Leafs traded Toskala along with Jason Blake to the Anaheim Ducks in exchange for Jean-Sébastien Giguère. He never played a game for the Ducks. On 3 March, the Ducks traded Toskala to the Calgary Flames in exchange for Curtis McElhinney. He played 6 regular season games with the Flames, backing up goaltender Miikka Kiprusoff.

On 1 November 2010, Toskala decided to leave North America and return to Europe after signing a one-month contract with the AIK IF of the Elitserien. He played two games with AIK, posting a .898 save percentage and 3.07 goals against average. On 1 November, Toskala decided to leave North America and return to Europe after signing a one-month contract with the AIK IF of the Elitserien. He played two games with AIK, posting a .898 save percentage and 3.07 goals against average. On 1 November, Toskala returned to his original team Ilves after signing a one-month contract with the AIK IF of the Elitserien. He played two games with AIK, posting a .885 save percentage and 3.43 goals against average.

On 2 October 2012, Toskala announced that he was retiring from playing professional ice hockey.

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Singlet oxygen

**Singlet oxygen** is one of the possible energy states of the oxygen molecule, . It is called a singlet state because all of the electrons are spin-paired, so there is only one possible value, 0, for the total spin for the whole molecule. The singlet state has a higher energy than the triplet oxygen state, so it is called an excited state.

## Structure 
The singlet state is the structure of oxygen seen in most introductions to chemistry. It has a double bond between two oxygen atoms, for the structure . This is different from the two three-electron bonds in the triplet state, which can't easily be drawn as a Lewis structure.

## Chemistry 
Because of conservation of angular momentum, making a chemical bond only happens between two singlet molecules or two triplet molecules. Since most molecules are singlets, this means that triplet oxygen only reacts when it has enough activation energy to change spin (a spin-forbidden reaction). Singlet oxygen does not have this restriction, making it much more reactive.

## Sources
Chakdor Namgyal

**Chakdor Namgyal** (Sikkimese: ཕྱག་དོར་རྣམ་རྒྱལ་; Wylie: *phyag dor rnam rgyal*) (1686-1717) was the third Chogyal of Sikkim from 1700-1717.
Wade Flaherty

**Wade Flaherty** (born January 11, 1968) is a Canadian colour commentator and former professional ice hockey goaltender. He played parts of 11 seasons in the National Hockey League (NHL). He played for the San Jose Sharks, New York Islanders, Tampa Bay Lightning, Florida Panthers, and Nashville Predators. Outside of the NHL, Flaherty played for the China Sharks of the Asia League Ice Hockey (AL).

## Career
Before playing in the NHL, Flaherty played parts of one season with the Seattle Thunderbirds, parts of one season with the Spokane Chiefs and three seasons with the Victoria Cougars of the Western Hockey League (WHL). He also played 15 regular seasons games with the Nanaimo Clippers of the British Columbia Hockey League (BCHL).

He was drafted 181st overall by the Buffalo Sabres in the 1988 NHL entry draft. He did not play a game for the Sabres and he was not signed by the team. He played one season with the Greensboro Monarchs of the ECHL, as well as, one game with the Kalamazoo Wings and two seasons with the Kansas City Blades of the International Hockey League (IHL). On September 3, 1991, Flaherty signed a contract to join the San Jose Sharks. On April 12, 1992, Flaherty made his NHL debut, stopping 43 of 48 shots he faced in a 6–4 loss against the Edmonton Oilers. 

On July 22, 1997, Flaherty signed a contract to join the New York Islanders. He played parts of four seasons with the Islanders.

On February 16, 2001, the Islanders traded Flaherty to the Tampa Bay Lightning in exchange for a conditional draft pick. He played 2 regular season games with the Lightning before they sent him down to play for their AHL-affiliate Utah Grizzlies.

On August 2, 2001, Flaherty signed a two-year contract to join the Florida Panthers. He played 4 regular season games with the Panthers and then a season with the San Antonio Rampage of the AHL.

On March 9, 2003, the Panthers traded Flaherty to the Nashville Predators in exchange for Pascal Trépanier. On July 17, 2003, Flaherty signed a contract to stay with the Predators.

On July 7, 2004, Flaherty signed a contract to join the Vancouver Canucks. On July 28, 2005, the Canucks exercised the one-year option on Flaherty's contract. On July 3, 2006, Flaherty signed a one-year contract to stay with the Canucks.

On July 11, 2007, Flaherty signed a contract to join the Chicago Blackhawks. He was sent down to play for their AHL-affiliate Rockford IceHogs. He played 31 games for the IceHogs.

In 2008, Flaherty decided to head overseas and signed a contract to join the China Sharks of the Asia League Ice Hockey (AL). He played 36 regular season games with the Sharks.

Flaherty retired from playing professional ice hockey in 2009.

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Inhumans

**Inhumans** is a Marvel Comics team and franchise centered around a race of superhumans with unique abilities, often associated with the city of Attilan. 

## Publication history 
The Inhumans were created by writer Stan Lee and artist Jack Kirby and first appeared in *Fantastic Four* #45 in 1965.

## Overview 
The Inhumans are a society of evolved humans who possess genetic traits triggered by exposure to the Terrigen Mist.

They have diverse powers, including enhanced strength, agility, telepathy, and other abilities.

The royal family, including Black Bolt, Medusa, Karnak, Gorgon, and others, leads the society.

Their culture is highly advanced, with a monarchy system and a focus on tradition and purity.

## In other media 
The Inhumans gained a television series titled ''Marvel's Inhumans'' in 2017, which was part of the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU) but received mixed reviews.

They also appear in various Marvel Comics, animated series, and video games.
Parvo camera

The Debrie Parvo camera is a 35 mm French-made camera, designed in 1908, and widely used throughout Europe during the silent film era. The Debrie Super Parvo camera succeeded it with the advent of sound cinema
Vitali Yeremeyev

**Vitali Mikhailovich Yeremeyev** (; born September 23, 1975) is a Kazakhstani former professional ice hockey goaltender. He played 4 regular season games in the National Hockey League (NHL). He played for the New York Rangers. Outside of the NHL, Yeremeyev played for Torpedo Ust-Kamenogorsk, CSKA Moscow, Lokomotiv Yaroslavl, and Dynamo Moscow of the Soviet Championship League/International Hockey League (IHL), and Barys Astana of the Kontinental Hockey League (KHL).

## Career
Before playing in the NHL, Yeremeyev played parts of three seasons with Torpedo Ust-Kamenogorsk, four seasons with CSKA Moscow, one season with Lokomotiv Yaroslavl, and one season with Dynamo Moscow of the Soviet Championship League/International Hockey League (IHL). He helped Dynamo when they went on a run in the playoffs. They defeated Dinamo-Energija Yekaterinburg, HC Lada Togliatti, and Metallurg Novokuznetsk. They went on to defeat the Ak Bars Kazan four games to one to win the championship.

He was drafted 209th overall by the New York Rangers in the 1994 NHL entry draft. On July 24, 2000, Yeremeyev signed his entry-level contract to join the Rangers. On December 27, 2000, Yeremeyev made his NHL debut in relief of Kirk McLean, stopping 13 of 14 shots he faced in a 4–3 loss against the Carolina Hurricanes. On July 10, 2001, Yeremeyev signed a contract extention to stay with the Rangers. He was not able to find success in his next three games either and the Rangers sent him down to play for their AHL and ECHL-affiliates Hartford Wolf Pack and Charlotte Checkers.

In 2001, Yeremeyev decided to leave North America and return to Russia after signing a contract to return to Dynamo Moscow of the Russian Superleague (RSL). He went on to play nine seasons with Dynamo, winning another championship with them in 2005. He then played four seasons with Barys Astana of the Kontinental Hockey League (KHL).

Yeremeyev retired from playing professional ice hockey in 2014.

## References
## Other websites 
*
Director's cut

A '''director's cut''' is a version of a movie that reflects the director's original vision for the movie. It often includes scenes that were cut or altered during the official editing process or theatrical release, providing a more complete or different interpretation of the story. This version may offer additional footage, alternative scenes, or different pacing, and is usually released for home video or special screenings to give audiences a fuller experience of the director's intent.
Statistics Canada

Statistics Canada is the national statistical office. The agency ensures Canadians have the key information on Canada's economy, society and environment that they require to function effectively as citizens and decision makers.
Mohammad Abu Sheikh

**Mohammad Abu Sheikh** (born November 20, 2000) is a Jordanian-born serial technology entrepreneur. He is the founder and CEO of LocAI Ltd, a company specializing in artificial intelligence applications. He is also an investor and board member at several AI-focused companies, including VGLNT AI, BasicAI Inc., CNTXT and SMPL AI.

## Biography 
Mohammad Abu Sheikh was born on November 20, 2000, in Amman, Jordan. He grew up in a family with two brothers, Abdallah Abu Sheikh and Hasan Abu Sheikh. He pursued his higher education at the German Jordanian University, where he earned a bachelor's degree in computer engineering.

## Career 
Mohammad Abu Sheikh established multiple ventures with a primary focus on artificial intelligence (AI) in the Middle East.

In May 2024, Mohammad became an investor and Executive Board Member at VGLNT AI, the Middle East’s first AI-powered fact-checking tool. Around the same time, Mohammad joined the Board of BasicAI Inc., a company specializing in AI-powered data annotation platforms. It connects AI engineers with data labeling experts. In June 2024, Mohammad founded SMPL AI, where he serves as a managing partner. SMPL AI focuses on supporting tech and AI startups in the MENA region.

## References
Trystan Jessie Bloodworth

Trystan Versuch Coolen(*Also known as "TJ" by family and friends*) is a writer, artist, and micronationalist born in southern Virginia.
Kent Police

**Kent Police** is the territorial police force in charge of policing the  and around 1.8 million inhabitants of Kent, a county in South East England.
Jiří Lehečka

Czech professional tennis player.  He is the current No. 1 Czech player in men's singles.

Lehečka has won two ATP Tour singles titles.
Polycyclic compound

A **polycyclic compound** is a chemical compound that has more than one ring of atoms in the structure of the molecule. Formally, a compound is not called polycyclic unless the rings share one or more atoms, but it is also commonly used to talk about molecules that have multiple separate cycles like biphenyl.
Khalid Hassanali

**Khalid Hassanali** is the son of former President of Trinidad and Tobago, Noor Hassanali. He was the president at Petrotrin from May 2012 to October 2015. 

Khalid Hassanali spent decades in the energy and industrial sector, building a long professional career. 

Khalid Hassanali has three children: Behzad, Faria Hassanali with his wife Rehanna and Aadam with his previous wife Sheila.

## References
Dimitrie Cantemir

Dimitrie Cantemir (Romanian:Diˈmitrie Kanteˈmir; Russian:Дмитрий Кантемир; 26 October 1673-21 August 1723) was Prince of Moldavia from 1710-1711, he placed Moldavia under Russian control by signing the Treaty of Lutsk, he supported Peter the Great during the Russo-Turkish War, this resulted in failure at Stănilești, he was forced to emigrate to Kharkiv.

## Life 
Born in Hurdugi on 26 October 1673 as son of Constantin Cantemir and Ana Bantăș, his father was appointed Prince in 1684, at the age of fifteen he was sent as envoy to Constantinople; he learned Turkish and studied history at Greek Orthodox Academy, he also composed music.

He married Casandra Cantacuzino in 1699, at the beginning of 1710, he succeeded his brother as Prince, he allied with Russia during the Russo-Turkish War, but they were defeated at Stănilești, he was deposed and forced into exile.

He travelled to Russia with his family, Dimitrie was granted titles from Peter I and Charles VI, he lived in Kharkiv for 2 years, then settled in Saint Petersburg, he married again to Anastasiya Trubetskaya in 1717, he died in Dmitrovsk from diabetes on 21 August 1723, his cadaver was transferred from Moscow to Iași in 1935.

## Work 
* The Divan or The Dispute of the Wise with the World, written in Romanian and Greek, printed in Iasi in 1698.
* The Indepictable Icon of Sacred Science, published in 1700.
* Hieroglyphic History, written at Constantinople in Romanian in 1704.
* History of increase and decrease of the Ottoman Empire, written in Latin, between 1714-1716.
* Chronicle of the Ancient Moldavians and Wallachians, first written in Latin, between 1719-1722.
* Description of Moldavia, written at Russia in Latin between 1714-1716.
Enciclopedia Colchagüina

**Enciclopedia Colchagüina** is an online encyclopedia. Its goal is to collect and share information about the history, culture, and identity of Colchagua, Chile. The website publishes articles about people and different topics. These articles are written in easy-to-understand language and are checked to make sure they are true. It is a growing project that adds new articles often.

## History 
Enciclopedia Colchagüina started in 2018. At first, it was a project by the newspaper *El Marino* called *Museo de la Prensa* (Press Museum). Its goal was to collect information about important newspapers in the Colchagua region and put the oldest ones on the internet.

In 2019, *Museo de la Prensa* moved to a new website using MediaWiki. It started to include all newspapers, radio stations, television channels, and websites in the provinces of Colchagua and Cardenal Caro. It also added articles about the people who worked for them.

In 2020, the project changed its name to *Enciclopedia Colchagüina*. It began to include everything about the history of the Colchagua area. The project received funding from Google and a social media fund to help it grow and improve its content.

The website is owned by Diego Grez Cañete. On August 11, 2022, the Cultural Foundation of the Colchagua Region () took over the rights to publish the encyclopedia. However, the creator kept the copyrights.

## References 
## External links 
* Enciclopedia Colchagüina
Loginsoft

**Loginsoft** is an American computer security company. The company makes security software and helps other companies find problems in their computer systems. The company is based in Chantilly, Virginia.

## History 
Loginsoft was started in 1997 by Suresh Saribala and Suren Reddy. The company first made software for businesses. Later, it started working on computer security. The company now has offices in Virginia and Hyderabad, India.

## Key services 
Loginsoft helps companies stay safe from computer attacks. The company does several things:

* Finds security problems in software before attackers can use them
* Makes tools that work with security programs like Splunk and Palo Alto Networks
* Builds custom software for companies
* Tests software to make sure it works correctly

The company has made more than 250 tools that help other security programs work better.

## Customers 
Loginsoft works with many types of companies:

* Banks and financial companies
* Hospitals and healthcare companies
* Phone and internet companies
* Media companies
* Defense and government companies

Some of the company's customers include Verizon, PepsiCo, and Time Warner Cable.

## References 

## Other websites 
*
France at the 2026 Winter Olympics

**France** was a nation of **2026 Winter Olympics** in Milan and Cortina d'Ampezzo, Italy, from 6 to 22 February 2026. There were 160 athlets (89 men and 71 women); France won 23 medals (8 gold, 9 silver and 6 bronze).

## Competitors 
## Medalists 
## See also 
* 2026 Winter Olympics
* France at the Olympics
* Milan
* Cortina d'Ampezzo
* France
Charles Arizechukwu Igwe

**Charles Arizechukwu Igwe** (23 August 1958 – 28 December 2025) was a Nigerian professor of soil science. 

Igwe was the 15th Vice-Chancellor of the University of Nigeria, Nsukka (UNN). He served in this role from June 2019 until June 2024.

## Early life and education 
Igwe was born in Awka, Anambra State. 

He studied at the University of Nigeria, Nsukka, where he received his Bachelor's, Master's, and PhD degrees in Soil Science. He also studied in Norway at the Agricultural University of Norway.

## Career 
Igwe started working at the University of Nigeria in 1976 as a soil survey assistant. Over many years, he became a professor and held several high positions, including:

* Head of Department
* Dean of a Faculty
* Director of various university centers
* Deputy Vice-Chancellor (Administration)
*In June 2019, he was appointed the Vice-Chancellor of the university.

As a scientist, he researched how tropical soils stay stable and how to stop soil erosion. 

He also studied carbon sequestration, which is a way to help stop climate change by keeping carbon in the ground.

## Awards 
Igwe received many awards and fellowships during his life, including:

* Fellow of the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation (Germany)
* Fellow of the Japanese Society for Promotion of Science
* Winner of the University of Nigeria Vice-Chancellor’s Faculty and University Prizes (1992/93)

## Death 
Igwe died on 28 December 2025 after a brief illness, shortly after finishing his time as Vice-Chancellor.

## References
HB Tórshavn

**HB Tórshavn** ( Havnar  Bóltfelag  short HB)  is the most successful  football club from the Faroe Islands.
## History 
HB was founded in 1904 in the capital city of Tórshavn. The club has approximately 1,000 members, 600 of whom are active players. HB has won the Faroese league title 24 times (record holder) and the cup 30 times. HB Tórshavn's greatest success in the UEFA Cup was a 2-0 victory against Vaasan PS (Finland) in 1998. The biggest defeat at this level was 0:10 against Tromsø IL (Norway) in 1995.
### Current squad 
## Honours 
*    **24 × Champion:** 1955, 1960, 1963, 1964, 1965, 1971, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1978, 1981, 1982, 1988, 1990, 1998, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2006, 2009, 2010, 2013, 2018, 2020
*    **30 × Cupwinner:** 1955, 1957, 1959, 1962, 1963, 1964, 1968, 1969, 1971, 1972, 1973, 1975, 1976, 1978, 1979, 1980, 1981, 1982, 1984, 1987, 1988, 1989, 1992, 1995, 1998, 2004, 2019, 2020, 2023, 2024
*   **6 × Supercup:** 2009, 2010, 2019, 2021, 2024. 2025
## References
British Transport Police

The **British Transport Police** is a national special police force that polices the railway network of Great Britain (England and Wales, and Scotland), with over 10,000 miles of track and 3,000 stations and depots.

BTP also polices the London Underground, Docklands Light Railway, West Midlands Metro, Tramlink, part of the Tyne and Wear Metro, Glasgow Subway and the London Cable Car.

The force is funded primarily by the rail industry.

## References
Republic of Eastburg

The Republic of Eastburg is a micronation located in the south-east coast of Virginia.

The Republic of Eastburg was first concepted on December 14th, 2019 in a small bed room in Virginia when 8 year old Trystan Versuch Coolen thought about creating a micronation in his room, he first created the Kingdom of Goiky, however after for days he changed it because Goiky was the location from BFDI, so he had to change it. He thought of many other names until finally on December 18th, 2019 the now 9 year old Trystan Coolen created the First Republic of Eastburg.

## References
Order of Saint John

The **Order of Saint John** (also known as the **Order of Saint John of Jerusalem** and in full as the **Order of Saint John of Jerusalem, of Rhodes and of Malta**) is the highest of the honours of knighthood (orders and decorations) of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta.
The order is also the most senior branch of the Orders of Saint John which are members of the Alliance of the Orders of Saint John.
Pleurodema guayapae

'''Guayapa's four-eyed frog'* (*Pleurodema guayapae'') is a frog.  It lives in Argentina and Bolivia. Scientists think it could also live in Paraguay.

## Body
This frog is about  40 - 45 mm long from nose to rear end. The skin of the frog's back is gray in color, with spots. The belly is white in color.

## Home
This frog lives on the ground. It lives in places without too many trees, for example, dry parts of the Chaco. Scientists have seen it between  above sea level.

Scientists have seen the frog in protected places: Parque Nacional Sierra de las Quijadas and Reserva Provincial Chancaní.

## Young
This frog has many young at the same time. The male and female frog make a nest out of bubbles for the eggs. This stops the eggs from drying and stops animals that want to eat the eggs. For example *Ceratophrys cranwelli* tadpoles would eat these eggs. The nests are 6 - 9 cm across and 1 - 3 cm tall. Each egg is about 1.44 mm across. In laboratories, the eggs take 26-30 hours to hatch into tadpoles. The tadpoles are light in color.

## Danger
Scientists from the IUCN say this frog is not in danger of dying out.

## References
Faroe Islands Football Association

**Fótbóltssamband Føroya**, short FSF (*Faroe Islands Football Association*) is the leading body for all regular football clubs in the Faroe Islands . The association is also responsible for the Faroese national football team. Since 2003, the FSF is based  in Gundadalur-stadium in Tórshavn.

The FSF is a member of FIFA, UEFA, the ÍSF (Faroese Sports Federation), and the Faroese National Olympic Committee (Olympiska Nevnd Føroya – ONF). The federation was founded on January 13, 1979. 
## History 
Football in the Faroe Islands dates back to 1892, when TB Tvøroyri was founded. The Faroese Football Championship exists since 1942. A women's championship exists  since 1985. The first artificial turf pitches in the Faroe Islands were built in the mid-1980s. The Faroese Football Federation (FSF) began training coaches and referees, receiving assistance from Denmark. Since the mid-1990s, all coaches and referees have been trained exclusively by the FSF.

One of the FSF's main aims was to participate in international competitions. On July 2, 1988, the Faroe Islands became member of  FIFA. On April 18, 1990they became member of the UEFA. 

Since 1930, the Faroe Islands have played semi-official international matches against Iceland , Shetland, the Orkney Islands, Greenland, and  against Denmark's under-21 and senior teams. The first official international match took place on August 24, 1988, in Akranes, Iceland. The Icelandic national football team won this friendly match 1-0. Their first victory came on April 14, 1989, against the Canadian national football team, also by a score of 1-0.
Temple of poseidon

the temple of poseidon is a temple in Greece that was built to warship the god poseidon. he was the Greek god of horses, water, and earthquakes