open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Eisenhüttenstädter FC Stahl

**Eisenhüttenstädter FC Stahl** was a German association football team, based in Eisenhüttenstadt, Brandenburg.

## History
*Stahl* was as a second division side in East Germany's DDR-Liga. After German reunification in 1990, the side changed to its current name. They appeared in the last FDGB-Pokal final in 1991, losing to Hansa Rostock. This qualified for them for the following year's Cup Winner's Cup. They were eliminated in the first round by Galatasaray.

After German reunification, they joined the NOFV-Oberliga Nord, which was the 3rd tier in Germany. The club joined the Regionalliga Nordost in 1994 and would play in that league until the league disbanded. In 2015, *Stahl* was part of a merger, which created *FC Eisenhüttenstadt* and folded one year later.

## Honours
The club's honours:
* **DDR-Liga**
** Division champions: 1969, 1989
* **NOFV-Oberliga Nord**
** Runners-up: 1994
* **Brandenburg Cup**
** Winners: 1992, 1993, 2002
** Runners-up: 1997, 1998
* **FDGB-Pokal**
** Runners-up: 1991

## References
## Other websites
* Official website 
* The Abseits Guide to German Soccer
Philip Fysh

Sir **Philip Oakley Fysh**  (1 March 1835 – 20 December 1919) was an Australian politician and merchant. He arrived in the colony of Tasmania in 1859. He later became a key merchant in Hobart. He served two terms as premier of Tasmania (1877–1878, 1887–1892). He became a leader of the colony's federation movement. He later won election to the new federal House of Representatives (1901–1910). He was also chosen to represent Tasmania in the first federal ministry under Edmund Barton. He was minister without portfolio (1901–1903) and Postmaster-General (1903–1904).

Fysh was born in Highbury, London. His wife died in 1912. The couple had at least nine children. Fysh died on 20 December 1919 in Sandy Bay, Hobart, at the age of 84. The Canberra suburb of Fyshwick is named in honour of him.

## References
## Other websites
*Parliament of Tasmania profile
Loris Karius

**Loris Sven Karius** (born 22 June 1993) is a German football player. He plays as a goalkeeper for Premier League club Newcastle United.

## Career statistics
## Honours
**Liverpool**
*UEFA Champions League runner-up: 2017–18

**Newcastle United**
*EFL Cup runner-up: 2022–23

## References
## Other websites
*Liverpool F.C. profile
Alice Ross-King

**Alys Ross King**  (5 August 1887 – 17 August 1968), known as **Alice Ross-King** (later **Alice Appleford**), was an Australian nurse who served during both World Wars. During World War I, she served in hospitals in Egypt and France. She was one of only seven Australian nurses awarded with the Military Medal for gallantry (military courage). She also held a senior post within the Australian Army Medical Women's Service during World War II. In 1949, she was awarded the Florence Nightingale Medal, the highest award made by the International Committee of the Red Cross.

Ross-King was born in Ballarat, Victoria. At a young age, she moved with her family to Perth, Western Australia. Her father, Archibald Ross King, and two brothers died after drowning in Swan River. After the accident, her mother, Henrietta King, moved to Melbourne with Alys. After joining the Australian Army Nursing Service, she started using the spelling "Alice" and added a hyphen to her surname.

Ross-King was engaged to Harry Moffitt during World War I. He died during the Battle of Fromelles in 1916. After the war, she married Sydney Theordore Appleford. The couple had four children. Her husband died in 1958. Ross-King died in Cronulla, Sydney, on 17 August 1968. She was 81.

## References
## Other websites
*Australian War Memorial profile
Rove McManus

**John Henry Michael** "**Rove**" **McManus** (born 21 January 1974) is an Australian comedian, television and radio presenter. He is best known as the host of variety show *Rove* from 1999 to 2009. He was awarded the Gold Logie Award for Most Popular Personality on Australian Television in 2003, 2004 and 2005. Other projects include hosting *Rove LA* and *Whovians*. He has also appeared in *Good Morning Australia*, *John Safran vs God*, *Pulp Sport*, *The Living Room*, *The Project*, *Studio 10*, *Celebrity Name Game*, *Have You Been Paying Attention New Zealand?* and *Hughesy, We Have a Problem*.

## Personal life 
McManus was born in Perth, Western Australia. He married actress Belinda Emmett in 2005. She died of breast cancer in 2006. He later married actress Tasma Walton. The couple have one child. His first cousin is Australian rules footballer Shaun McManus.

## References
## Other websites
*
Steven Miles (politician)

**Steven John Miles** (born 15 November 1977) is an Australian politician. He became the Premier of Queensland in December 2023 after Annastacia Palaszczuk resigned. Before that he was the Deputy Premier of Queensland from May 2020. He has been the member for Murrumba in the Queensland Legislative Assembly since 2017, and formerly represented Mount Coot-tha from 2015 to 2017. He has also served as Queensland's Minister for Health and Ambulance Services since 2017. Miles is a member of the Labor Party.

Miles spent three years in the Environment portfolio, While there, he introduced a ban on single use plastic bags and a cash for container refund scheme. He also created new environmental laws that made sure mining companies cleaned up their mines and he improved Queensland’s climate change initiatives. As the first Minister for the Great Barrier Reef, Miles secured record funding for projects that clean up the reef.

Before entering Parliament in 2015, Miles worked as a senior advisor to government, as a senior campaigner for Together and United Voice, and co-founded national parent advocacy organisation, The Parenthood before starting his own communications business.

Miles was born in Brisbane, Queensland. His wife is named Kim. They have three children. As of 2018, he lives in the Moreton Bay Region suburb of Mango Hill.

## References
## Other websites
*
Gray mouse lemur

The **gray mouse lemur** (*Microcebus murinus*), is a type of lemur. It is only found on the island of Madagascar. It is also called the **grey mouse lemur** or **lesser mouse lemur**. It weighs 58 to 67 grams (2.0 to 2.4 oz). It is the largest mouse lemur.

## References
Phillip Island

**Phillip Island** (*Boonwurrung: Corriong* or *Millowl*) is an island about  south-southeast of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. The island is named after Arthur Phillip, the first governor of New South Wales, by explorer and seaman George Bass. As of the 2016 census, 10,387 people live on the island.

Phillip Island is  long and  wide, with an area of about . It has  of coastline and is part of the Bass Coast Shire.

A  concrete bridge (formerly a wooden bridge) connects the mainland town San Remo with the island town Newhaven.

## References
## Other websites
*Visit Phillip Island
Schagen

**Schagen** is a municipality in the Dutch province of North Holland. In 2019, 46,553 people lived there.

The city is between Alkmaar and Den Helder. It received city rights in 1415.

Since 2013, Harenkarspel and Zijpe have been part of the municipality of Schagen.

## References
Naarden

**Naarden** was a municipality in the Dutch province of North Holland. Since 2016, it has been part of the new Gooise Meren municipality.

## References
Liberty (advocacy group)

**Liberty** (known as the **National Council for Civil Liberties** or **NCCL** until 1989) is a advocacy group promoting human rights and protecting civil liberties through the law, legislature and wider society. It is based in the United Kingdom.

The NCCL was founded in 1934 by Ronald Kidd and Sylvia Crowther-Smith (later Scaffardi).

Liberty announced Martha Spurrier as its new director on 31 March 2016.

## References
The Front Page (1974 movie)

***The Front Page*** is a 1974 American black comedy movie directed by Billy Wilder and was the third adaptation of Ben Hecht and Charles MacArthur's 1928 play of the same name. It stars Jack Lemmon, Walter Matthau, Susan Sarandon, Vincent Gardenia, David Wayne, Carol Burnett, Allen Garfield, Charles Durning, Allen Jenkins and Martin Gabel. The Front Page was released by Universal Pictures on December 18, 1974.

## Other websites
* 
* 
*
Stede Broec

**Stede Broec** is a municipality in the Dutch province of North Holland. In 2019, 21,706 people lived there.
Davis, Illinois

**Davis** is a village in Illinois in the United States. Most people in Davis own their houses, rather than rent housing.

## References
IPhone 12

The **iPhone 12** and **iPhone 12 Mini** are smartphones made by Apple Inc. It was released on October 23, 2020. Coming next the iPhone 11, it has an identical 6.1-inch screen size to its predecessor but also comes in a smaller variant called the iPhone 12 mini, which has a 5.4-inch screen. Both models have two rear camera lenses and come in storage options of 64 GB, 128 GB, and 256 GB. It is equipped with the Apple A14 Bionic System-on-Chip (SoC). The iPhone 12 mini starts at US $649, and iPhone 12 starts at US $799. The iPhone 12 and 12 mini both includes OLED displays. They include USB-C–to–Lightning cables but no power adapter for the first time. Apple included MagSafe in the iPhone 12 family, a magnetic back of the device which allows for magnetic wireless charging and mounting accessories including as a wallet to the back of the phone. The iPhone 12 family is the first series of iPhones to have 5G connectivity. The iPhone 12 and 12 mini are available in white, black, green, blue, and (PRODUCT)RED finishes. The iPhone 12 marks a return to flat edges for the iPhone, first released in 2010 with the iPhone 4 until the iPhone 5S (2013), with an exception for the first-generation iPhone SE (2016).
## Related pages 
*iPhone 12 Pro
## References 
## Other websites 
*
Up the Down Staircase (movie)

***Up the Down Staircase*** is a 1967 American drama movie directed by Robert Mulligan and was based on the 1964 novel of the same name by Bel Kaufman. It stars Sandy Dennis, Patrick Bedford, Eileen Heckart, Ruth White, Jean Stapleton, Sorrell Brooke, Florence Stanley, Vinnette Carroll and was distributed by Warner Bros..

## Other websites
*
*
Günter de Bruyn

**Günter de Bruyn** (; 1 November 1926 &ndash; 4 October 2020) was a German author. He was born in Berlin. 

He trained as a librarian and worked at the *Zentralinstitut für Bibliothekswesen* (Central Institute for Library Knowledge) in East Berlin from 1953 to 1961. From 1965 to 1978, he was a member of the *Zentralvorstandes des Schriftstellerverbandes der DDR* (Central Executive Committee of the Literary Association of East Germany).

He was a member of the presidency of the PEN Centre of East Germany from 1974 to 1982.

In October 1989, Günter de Bruyn declined to accept the National Prize of East Germany.

Bryn died in Berlin on 4 October 2020 at the age of 93.

## References
Gabo Ferro

**Fernando Gabriel "Gabo" Ferro** (6 November 1965 &ndash; 8 October 2020) was an Argentine singer-songwriter, poet and historian. Ferro was born in Buenos Aires. 

His career began in 1994. His solo career began in 2004. He played the guitar and most of his songs were rock. Many of his songs were made by Azione artigianale record label. His best known albums were *Canciones que un hombre no debería cantar* (2005) and *Mañana no debe seguir siendo esto* (2007).

Ferro died on 8 October 2020 in Buenos Aires from cancer at the age of 54.

## References
Rock-a-Doodle

***Rock-a-Doodle*** is a 1991 Irish/British/American live-action/animated musical comedy adventure movie. It was produced by Sullivan Bluth Studios and Goldcrest Films. It is loosely based on Edmond Rostand's comedy *Chantecler*. *Rock-a-Doodle* was directed by Don Bluth and written by David N. Weiss. The movie has the voices of Glen Campbell, Christopher Plummer, Phil Harris (in his last movie role before his retirement and death), Charles Nelson Reilly, Sorrell Booke, Sandy Duncan, Eddie Deezen, Ellen Greene, and Toby Scott Ganger in his movie debut. The movie was released in the United Kingdom on 2 August 1991 and in the United States and Canada on 3 April 1992.

## References 
## Other websites 
* 
* 
* 
*
Dirk Bootsma

**Dirk Bootsma** (23 May 1936 – 5 October 2020) was a Dutch geneticist. He was a professor at the Erasmus University Rotterdam between 1969 and 2002. He and his research group discovered the cause of chronic myelogenous leukemia and pushed for the understanding of the nucleotide excision repair.

Bootsma was elected a member of the European Molecular Biology Organization in 1976. He was elected a member of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1983. Bootsma was elected a member of the Academia Europaea in 1991.

## References
Motorola Razr (2020)

The **Motorola Razr** (stylized **Motorola razr**) is an Android foldable smartphone made by Motorola Mobility. Announced on November 14, 2019, it was released on February 6, 2020.

## References 
## Other websites 
*
Monica Roberts

**Monica Roberts** (May 4, 1962 – October 5, 2020) was an African-American blogger, writer, and transgender rights activist. She was the founding editor of *TransGriot*, a blog focusing on issues about to trans women, many of which minorities. She was born in Houston, Texas.

Roberts died on October 5, 2020 in Houston from a pulmonary embolism at the age of 58.

## References
Fred Wenz

**Frederick Charles "Fireball" Wenz** (August 26, 1941 – October 6, 2020) was an American middle relief pitcher in Major League Baseball. He played from 1968 through 1970 for the Boston Red Sox (1968–69) and Philadelphia Phillies (1970). He was born in Bound Brook, New Jersey.

Wenz died on October 6, 2020 in Branchburg, New Jersey at the age of 79.

## References
## Other websites
*Sons of Sam Horn
Weekend at Dunkirk

***Weekend at Dunkirk*** () is a 1964 French Italian World War II drama movie directed by Henri Verneuil and was based on the 1949 novel *Week-end at Zuydcoote* () by Robert Merle. It stars Jean-Paul Belmondo, Catherine Spaak, Jean-Pierre Marielle, Pierre Vernier, Paul Préboist and was distributed by 20th Century Fox.

## Other websites
*
Manuel Guerra (swimmer)

**Manuel Guerra** (18 July 1928 &ndash; 7 October 2020) was a Spanish swimmer. He competed in three events at the 1948 Summer Olympics.

Guerra died on 7 October 2020 at the age of 92.

## References
Sam Burton

**Samuel Burton** (10 November 1926 – 8 October 2020) was an English professional footballer. He played his entire career as a goalkeeper for Swindon Town, making 463 appearances in the Football League and 509 in all first-team competitions. Only John Trollope, Maurice Owen and Fraser Digby played more times for the club. He was born in Swindon, Wiltshire.

Burton died on 8 October 2020 from dementia-related problems and cancer at the age of 93.

## References
David Ipp

**David Andrew Ipp** AO QC (1938 &ndash; 8 October 2020) was a South African-born Australian lawyer and politician. He was the Commissioner of the NSW Independent Commission Against Corruption between 2009 and 2014. Between 1989 to 2002, he was a judge of the Supreme Court of Western Australia. Ipp was born in Johannesburg.

Ipp died in Sydney on 8 October 2020 at the age of 82.

## References
Tommy Rall

**Thomas Edward "Tommy" Rall** (December 27, 1929 – October 6, 2020) was an American actor and dancer. Rall was born in Kansas City, Missouri. His career lasted from 1942 to 1988. 

Rall was known for his roles in *Kiss Me, Kate* as "Bill" (1953), *Seven Brides for Seven Brothers* as "Frank" (1954), *Invitation to the Dance* (1956),
*Merry Andrew* as "Giacomo Gallini" (1958), and *My Sister Eileen* as "Chick" (1955).

Rall died on October 6, 2020 from congestive heart failure caused by heart surgery in Santa Monica, California at the age of 90.

## References
## Other websites
*
Brian Locking

**Brian** "**Licorice**" **Locking** (22 December 1938 – 8 October 2020) was an English rock pianist and songwriter. He was the bass guitarist with The Shadows between 1962 and 1963. During his time with the band he appeared with Sir Cliff Richard in the movie *Summer Holiday*. Locking was born in Bedworth, Warwickshire.

Locking died on 8 October 2020 from bladder cancer in Wales, aged 81.

## References
## Other websites
* 
* Discogs.com entry for Vince Taylor And His Playboys
* Discogs.com entry for Janice Peters and The Playboys
* Discogs.com entry for The Krew Kats
Waterland

**Waterland** is a municipality in the Dutch province of North Holland. In 2019, 17,315 people lived there.
Weesp

**Weesp** is a former municipality in the Dutch province of North Holland. In 2021, about 20,400 people lived there. 

Since 24 March 2022, it has been part of the new municipality of Amsterdam.
Branchburg, New Jersey

**Branchburg** is a township in Somerset County, New Jersey, United States.  As of the 2020 United States Census, the township's population was 14,940.

## References
Kim Batiste

**Kimothy Emil Batiste** (March 15, 1968 &ndash; October 7, 2020) was an American Major League Baseball infielder for the Philadelphia Phillies from 1991 to 1994 and San Francisco Giants in 1996, both of the National League. He was born in New Orleans, Louisiana.

Batiste died on October 7, 2020 in New Orleans from problems caused by kidney surgery at the age of 52.

## References
Nabil Bechaouch

**Nabil Bechaouch** (1970 – 7 October 2020) was a Tunisian footballer. He was born in Aryanah, Tunisia. Bechaouch played for the national team from 1993 to 1995. He played from Olympique Béja, CS Sfaxien and Stade Tunisien. 

Bechaouch died on 7 October 2020 of a heart attack in Béja, Tunisia.

## References
California Suite

***California Suite*** is a 1978 American comedy movie directed by Herbert Ross and was based on the play of the same name by Neil Simon. It stars Maggie Smith, Alan Alda, Walter Matthau, Michael Caine, Jane Fonda, Elaine May, Richard Pryor, Dana Plato, Bill Cosby and was distributed by Columbia Pictures. It was nominated for 3 Oscars and won an Academy Award in 1979.

## Other websites
* 
* 
*
Marty Wilde

**Marty Wilde**,  (born **Reginald Leonard Smith**; 15 April 1939) is an English rock pop singer-songwriter. He is the father of pop singers Ricky, Kim and Roxanne Wilde. Wilde was born in London. His career began in 1957.

## References
## Other websites
* Official Marty Wilde website (with discography)
*
Wijdemeren

**Wijdemeren** is a municipality in the Dutch province of North Holland. In 2019, 24,013 people lived there.

## References
Tommy Robson

**Thomas Henry Robson** (31 July 1944 – 8 October 2020) was an English footballer who made more than 600 appearances in the Football League playing as a left winger.

Robson's career lasted from the 1950s to 1980s. He played for Northampton Town, Chelsea, Newcastle United, Peterborough United, Nuneaton Borough and Stamford.

In September 2019, Robson was diagnosed with motor neurone disease. He died on 8 October 2020 at the age of 76.

## References
Tom O'Donnell

'''Thomas G. O'Donnell''' (30 August 1926 – 8 October 2020) was an Irish Fine Gael politician. He was born in Charleville, County Cork.

O'Donnell was Minister for the Gaeltacht from 1973 to 1977. He was a Teachta Dála (TD) for the Limerick East from 1961 to 1987. He also was a Member of the European Parliament (MEP) for the Munster constituency from 1979 to 1984.

O'Donnell died on 8 October 2020 in County Limerick at the age of 94.

## References
Ràdio i Televisió d'Andorra

'''Ràdio i Televisió d'Andorra, S.A.** (**RTVA''') (; "Radio and Television of Andorra PLC") is the state-owned public television and radio broadcaster in the Principality of Andorra. It works as a television channel, ATV, and a radio station, RNA, both of which broadcast in Catalan.

## References
Ram Vilas Paswan

**Ram Vilas Paswan** (5 July 1946 &ndash; 8 October 2020) was an Indian politician. He was born in Khagaria, Bihar. 

He was a member of the Janata Party. He was a member of the Lok Sabha between 1977 to 1984, 1989 to 1991, 1991 to 1996, 1996 to 2009 and from 2014 to 2019. He was also a member of the Rajya Sabha between 2010 to 2014 and from 2019 until his death.

Paswan was Minister of Labour between 1989 to 1990. From 1996 to 1998, he was Minister of Railways. He was Minister of Communications and Information Technology between 1999 to 2001. 

He was Minister of Mines between 2001 to 2002. He was Minister of Chemicals and Fertilizers between 2004 to 2009. He also was Minister of Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution between 2014 to 2020.

Paswan died on 8 October 2020 in New Delhi from problems caused by heart surgery, aged 74.

## References
## Other websites
* Official biographical sketch in Parliament of India website
* Profile on Ambedkar.org
* Profile on HindustanTimes.com dated June 2004 
* Homepage on Lok Sabha website
* Paswan Profile on TribuneIndia
* Paswan and Indian Muslims
* Union minister Ram Vilas Paswan passes away
IPhone (1st generation)

The **iPhone** (also called the **first-generation iPhone**, **iPhone (original)**, **iPhone 2G**, and **iPhone 1**) was the first smartphone made by Apple, Inc. It was announced on January 9, 2007, and released on June 29, 2007. It changed the mobile phone industry, being the first phone to have a multi-touch screen. It through to the line of touchscreen phones by Apple.

## Design 
Compared to other phones at the time, the iPhone had a much larger screen and removed most buttons, leaving only a home button to take you to the home screen. It has a black with a silver back color.

## Software 
It used iPhone OS 1 for the first time. It can upgrade to other versions like iPhone OS 2 or iPhone OS 3 when come out.

## 3G version 
On June 9, 2008, Apple announced a version of the iPhone which featured slightly improved hardware, GPS, and 3G functionality.

## References
Wormerland

**Wormerland** is a municipality in the Dutch province of North Holland. In 2019, 16,329 people lived there.
Folker Bohnet

**Folker Bohnet** (7 August 1937 – 6 October 2020) was a German actor and theatre director. He was born in Berlin. He was known for his role as Hans in *Die Brücke* (1959) and as Josef Kainz in ''Ludwig (1973).

Bohnet died on 6 October 2020 in Berlin at the age of 83.

## References
## Other websites
*
Josef Kainz

**Josef Gottfried Ignaz Kainz** (2 January 1858 &ndash; 20 September 1910) was an Austrian actor. He was one of the greatest actors of the German-speaking theatre. He was known for his works in *Hamlet*, *Richard II*, Schiller's *Don Carlos* and as Franz Moor in *The Robbers*.

## References
Zandvoort

**Zandvoort** is a municipality in the Dutch province of North Holland. In 2019, 17,011 people lived there.

Zandvoort is one of the most popular beach in the Netherlands.
Appingedam

**Appingedam** is both a small city and a former municipality in the province of Groningen, the Netherlands. In 2019, 11,721 people lived there. Since 2021, it has been part of the new municipality of Eemsdelta.

## Other websites 
* Official website
Out to Sea

***Out to Sea*** is a 1997 American romantic comedy movie directed by Martha Coolidge and starring Jack Lemmon, Walter Matthau, Dyan Cannon, Gloria DeHaven, Donald O'Connor, Rue McClanahan, Edward Mulhare, Estelle Harris. It was distributed by 20th Century Fox.

## Other websites
*
David Refael ben Ami

**David Refael ben-Ami** (8 October 1950 &ndash; 9 October 2020) was an Israeli singer. He was born in Nahalal, Israel. He was known for his 1970 single "Desdemona". Most of his works are written by Matti Caspi. In 2006, he released his album *We are for God and our eyes are to God*. Many of his songs were political, mainly pro-Israel.

Ben Ami died of COVID-19 on 9 October 2020 at a hospital in Jerusalem, aged 70.

## References
Uncommon Valor

***Uncommon Valor*** is a 1983 American action movie directed by Ted Kotcheff and starring Gene Hackman, Patrick Swayze, Robert Stack, Fred Ward, Tim Thomerson, Reb Brown, Randall "Tex" Cobb, Gail Strickland, Jane Kaczmarek, Reb  Brown . It was distributed by Paramount Pictures.

## Other websites
*
*
Orange, New York

**Orange** is a town in Schuyler County, New York, United States.  The population was 1,408 at the 2020 census.

The **Town of Orange** is in the southwest part of the county and is east of Bath, New York.

## References
Orangeburg, New York

**Orangeburg** is a hamlet and census-designated place, in the town of Orangetown, Rockland County, New York, United States. It is located north of Tappan, south of Blauvelt, east of Pearl River and west of Piermont. The population was 4,565 at the 2020 census.
## References
World Food Programme

The **World Food Programme** (**WFP**) is the food-assistance branch of the United Nations and the world's largest humanitarian organization. It was founded by Food and Agriculture Organization in 1961. Its mission is to end hunger and helping giving people food. 

According to the WFP, it gives food assistance to an average of 91.4 million people in 83 countries each year. From its headquarters in Rome and from more than 80 country offices around the world, the WFP works to help people who cannot make or get enough food for themselves and their families. 

It is a member of the United Nations Development Group and part of its executive committee. 

It was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 2020. The current executive director of the WFP is Cindy McCain.

## Notes
## References
Fred Dean

**Frederick Rudolph Dean** (February 24, 1952 &ndash; October 14, 2020) was an American former professional football player. He was a defensive end in the National Football League (NFL). He was a member of the Pro Football Hall of Fame. 

His career started with the San Diego Chargers in 1975 and ended with the San Francisco 49ers after the 1985 season. A two-time first-team All-Pro and a four-time Pro Bowler, he won two Super Bowls with the 49ers.

On October 8, 2020, Dean was diagnosed with COVID-19 and hospitalized in West Monroe, Louisiana. He died a few days later on October 14 while being airlifted from West Monroe to Jackson, Mississippi at the age of 68.

## References
Mondaire Jones

**Mondaire Jones** (born May 18, 1987) is an American attorney and politician. He is a member of the Democratic Party. He was the U.S. Representative for  from 2021 to 2023.

He and Ritchie Torres were the first openly gay black members of Congress.

He was the Democratic nominee for  in the 2020 election. He won the election in November 2020. In August 2022, he lost re-nomination in the Democratic primaries.

## References
## Other websites
* Campaign website
I'm Not Rappaport

'''''I'm Not Rappaport''''' is a 1996 American comedy-drama movie directed by and based on the play of the same name by Herb Gardener. It stars Walter Matthau, Ossie Davis, Amy Irving, Craig T. Nelson, Martha Plimpton, Boyd Gaines, Ron Rifkin and was distributed by Universal Pictures.

## Other websites
*
Tappan, New York

**Tappan** (, ) from the Lenape word "tuphanne" thought to mean "cold water," is a hamlet and census-designated place in the town of Orangetown, Rockland County, New York, United States. The population was 6,673 at the 2020 census.

## References
Blauvelt, New York

**Blauvelt** is a hamlet and census-designated place, formerly known as Greenbush and then Blauveltville, in the town of Orangetown, Rockland County, New York, United States. As of the 2020 census, the CDP had a population of 5,548.

## References
Bellingwedde

**Bellingwedde** is a former municipality in the province of Groningen, the Netherlands.

## History 
Bellingwedde was created on 1 September 1968 from the former municipalities of Bellingwolde and Wedde. Since 2018, it has been part of the new municipality of Westerwolde.
Piermont, New York

**Piermont** is a village in Rockland County, New York, United States. Piermont is in the town of Orangetown. The population was 2,517 at the 2020 census. 

## References
Nine Hours to Rama

***Nine Hours to Rama*** is a 1963 British American drama movie directed by Mark Robson and is based on the 1962 novel of the same name by Stanley Wolpert. It stars Horst Buchholz, Diane Baker, Jose Ferrer, Robert Morley and was distributed by 20th Century Fox.

## Other websites 
* 
*
Les Misérables (1952 movie)

***Les Misérables*** is a 1952 American romantic drama movie directed by Lewis Milestone and is based on the 1862 novel of the same name by Victor Hugo. It stars Michael Rennie, Debra Paget, Robert Newton, Sylvia Sidney, Edmund Gwenn and was distributed by 20th Century Fox.

## Other websites 
* 
*
Orangetown, New York

**Orangetown** is a town in Rockland County, New York, United States. It is northwest of New York City, north of New Jersey, east of the town of Ramapo, south of the town of Clarkstown, and west of the Hudson River. The population was 48,655 at the 2020 census.

## References
Michael S. Hopkins

**Michael Scott “Mike” Hopkins** (born December 28, 1968) is a Colonel in the United States Space Force, and a current NASA astronaut. 

Hopkins was selected in June 2009 as a member of the NASA Astronaut Group 20. He made his first spaceflight as a Flight Engineer on Soyuz TMA-10M/Expedition 37/Expedition 38, from September 2013 until March 2014. 

He was the first member of his astronaut class to fly in space.

## References
Lebanon, Missouri

**Lebanon** is a city in Laclede County, Missouri, United States. The population was 15,013 at the 2020 census. It is the county seat of Laclede County.

## References
Briaroaks, Texas

**Briaroaks** is a town in the U.S. state of Texas. 

## Population 
Briaroaks, Texas had 507 people at the 2020 Census.  

## Climate 
Briaroaks has hot summers and cold winters, and is in a desert region.

## References
Het Hogeland

**Het Hogeland** is a municipality in the province of Groningen, the Netherlands. In 2019, 49,479 people lived there.

It was created on 1 January 2019 from the former municipalities of Bedum, De Marne, Eemsmond and Winsum.

## Other websites 
* Official website
War of God (1976 movie)

***War of God*** or Hong Kong Calamity is an 1976 Taiwanese-Hong Kong movie.  It is science fiction, fantasy, and action movie. Chun Hongmyin directed it.  It was produced by Hsing Hua Film Production Company. *War of God* was released in Taiwanese by July 24, 1976. Koichi Takano built the special effects.

## Plot
A sculptor named, Mr. Chao makes a statue of the god Guan Yu to fight large space aliens that are attacking Hong Kong. 

## Cast
* Yu Ming Lun as Chao Chun
* Tse Ling-Ling as Li Yu
* Cindy Tang Hsin as Chun Lan
* Yu-Hsin Chen as Mr. Chao
* Fei Lung as Guan Yu

## References
## Other websites
*
Victor J. Glover

**Victor Jerome Glover** (born April 30, 1976) is a NASA astronaut of the class of 2013 and Pilot on the first operational flight of the SpaceX Crew Dragon to the International Space Station. 

Glover is a commander in the U.S. Navy. He was born in Pomona, California. He is an F/A-18 pilot and graduate of the U.S. Air Force Test Pilot School. He is planned to participate in missions of the Artemis program.

## References
Shannon Walker

**Shannon Walker** (born June 4, 1965) is an American physicist and a NASA astronaut since 2004. She launched on her first mission into space on 25 June 2010 onboard Soyuz TMA-19 and has currently been 163 days in space over one long-duration mission to the International Space Station (ISS).

## References
SpaceX Crew-1

**SpaceX Crew-1** (also known as **USCV-1** or simply **Crew-1**) was a spaceflight in 2021 and 2022. It was the first crewed operational flight of a Crew Dragon spacecraft.

The Crew Dragon spacecraft *Resilience* was expected to launch on October 31, 2020, on a Falcon 9 from the Kennedy Space Center, LC-39A. The launch was postponed due to bad weather and was eventually launched on November 15.

It carried NASA astronauts Michael Hopkins, Victor Glover and Shannon Walker along with JAXA astronaut Soichi Noguchi, all members of the Expedition 64 crew. The mission is the second overall crewed orbital flight of the Crew Dragon, pending the certification of the vehicle.

## Crew
## Mission
The *Resilience* space capsule will dock at the ISS after launch, where the astronauts will stay for about 6 months before returning back to earth.

### Timeline
## References
Soichi Noguchi

is a Japanese aeronautical engineer and JAXA astronaut.

His first spaceflight was as a Mission Specialist aboard STS-114 on 26 July 2005 for NASA's first "return to flight" Space Shuttle mission after the *Columbia* disaster.

He was most recently in space as part of the Soyuz TMA-17 crew and Expedition 22 to the International Space Station (ISS), returning to Earth on 2 June 2010.

He is the fifth Japanese astronaut to fly in space and the fourth to fly on the space shuttle.

## References
2020 Moldovan presidential election

The **2020 Moldovan presidential election** took place on Sunday, 1 November 2020. It was the 4th presidential election since the nation's declaration of independence. Voters elected former Prime Minister Maia Sandu as the new president in the second-round of the election on 15 November.

## References
Dassault Aviation Falcon 7X

Dassault Aviation Falcon 7X]]
The **Dassault Aviation Falcon 7X** is a tri-jet business aircraft built in France.
2020 Venezuelan parliamentary election

**Parliamentary elections** were held in Venezuela on 6 December 2020. Aside from the 167 deputies of the National Assembly who are eligible to be re-elected, the new National Electoral Council president announced that the assembly would increase by 93 seats, for a total of 277 deputies to be elected.

Many saw the election was unfair saying that there were many illegal votes and it was rigged.

## Opinion polls
## Notes
## References
Solar eclipse of December 14, 2020

A total solar eclipse occurred on Monday, December 14, 2020. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, which will cover the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. 

A total solar eclipse happens when the Moon's apparent diameter is larger than the Sun's, blocking all direct sunlight, turning day into darkness. Totality happens in a narrow path across Earth's surface, with the partial solar eclipse visible over a surrounding region thousands of kilometres wide. 

The Moon’s apparent diameter was larger because the eclipse occurred only 1.8 days after perigee, the point at which the Moon is closest to the Earth (on December 12, 2020).

It was visible from Chile and Argentina. There was also a partial solar eclipse in Bolivia, Brazil, Ecuador, Paraguay, Peru and Uruguay.

## Other websites
* solar-eclipse.de: *The total solar eclipse of 12/14/2020*
Prince Charles of Luxembourg (born 2020)

**Prince Charles of Luxembourg (**Charles Jean Philippe Joseph Marie Guillaume; born 10 May 2020) is the heir apparent to the Luxembourgish throne as the elder child and son of Grand Duke Guillaume and Grand Duchess Stéphanie. He was born at Grand Duchess Charlotte Maternity Hospital in Luxembourg City. 

He is the next in the line of succession to the throne of Luxembourg. 

His birth was celebrated by a 21-gun salute at Fort Thungen in Kirchberg.

On 19 September 2020, Prince Charles was baptised at the Abbey of St. Maurice and St. Maurus of Clervaux in Luxembourg.

He is expected to one day become Grand Duke of Luxembourg after his Grandfather and Father. Assuming this happens, he'll be the first Monarch to rule under the name of Charles.

## Title and honours 
* 10 May 2020 : His Royal Highness  Prince Charles  of Luxembourg, Prince of Nassau, Prince of Bourbon-Parma
* Luxembourg: Grand Cross of Order of Adolphe of Nassau  (10 May 2038)
* Luxembourg: Knight of the Order of the Gold Lion of the House of Nassau  (10 May 2038)

## References
Prince Charles of Luxembourg (1927–1977)

**Prince Charles of Luxembourg, Prince of Bourbon-Parma and Nassau** (born **Charles Frédéric Louis Guillaume Marie**; 7 August 1927 – 26 July 1977), was a younger son of Grand Duchess Charlotte and Prince Felix of Bourbon-Parma.

## References
Hairy-eared dwarf lemur

The **hairy-eared dwarf lemur** (*Allocebus trichotis*), is a type of lemur. It is also called the **hairy-eared mouse lemur**. It is a nocturnal animal. It only lives in Madagascar. It is the only member of the genus ***Allocebus***.

## References
Sadyr Japarov

**Sadyr Nurgozhoevich Japarov** (; born 6 December 1968, surname sometimes romanized as **Zhaparov**) is a Kyrgyz politician. He was the Prime Minister of Kyrgyzstan from October 2020 to November 2020. On 15 October 2020, he became Acting President of Kyrgyzstan. He became the country's 6th president in January 2021.

## Notes
## References
Guillaume, Grand Duke of Luxembourg

**Guillaume** (*Guillaume Jean Joseph Marie*; born 11 November 1981) is Grand Duke of Luxembourg. He is the eldest son of Grand Duke Henri and Grand Duchess Maria Teresa. He became grand duke on 3 October 2025 after his father abdicated.

## Early Life and Education
Prince Guillaume was born on 11 November 1981 at the Grand Duchess Charlotte Maternity Hospital in Luxembourg City and is the eldest child of Grand Duke Henri of Luxembourg and his wife, Cuban-born Grand Duchess Maria Teresa. His godparents are Princess Marie Astrid of Luxembourg and Prince Guillaume of Luxembourg. Guillaume has four younger siblings: Prince Felix, Prince Louis, Princess Alexandra and Prince Sebastien. 

On 26 April 2012, the court announced the engagement of the Hereditary Grand Duke to the Belgian Countess Stéphanie de Lannoy. They were married on 19 October 2012.

Guillaume and Stéphanie have a son, named Prince Charles of Luxembourg born on 10 May 2020 at the Grand Duchess Charlotte Maternity Hospital, Luxembourg Prince Francois of Luxembourg born on March 27 2023 at Grand Duchess Charlotte Maternity Hospital, Luxembourg City.

## Titles
11 November 1981 — 18 December 2000: His Royal Highness  Prince Guillaume of Luxembourg, Prince of Nassau, Prince of Bourbon-Parma 

18 December 2000 — 3 October 2025: His Royal Highness  Prince Guillaume of Luxembourg, The Hereditary Grand Duke of Luxembourg, Prince of Nassau, Prince of Bourbon-Parma 

3 October 2025:-present His Royal Highness The Grand Duke of Luxembourg, Prince of Luxembourg, Prince of Bourbon-Parma, Prince of Nassau 

## Honors
### National Honors
• Luxembourg Knight of the Order of the Gold Lion of the House of Nassau (11 November 1981)

• Luxembourg Grand Cross of Order of Adolphe of Nassau  (11 November 1981)

• Luxembourg Grand Cross of the Order of the Oak Crown (23 June 2012)

### Foreign Honors
• Belgium: Grand Cross of the  Order of the Crown (Belgium) (15 October 2019)  

• France: Grand Officer of the National Order of Merit (France) (5 March 2015)

• Italy: Knight Grand Cross of the Order of Merit of the Italian Republic (30 January 2009)  

• Netherlands: Knight Grand Cross of the Order of Orange-Nassau (21 March 2012)  Recipient of the King Willem-Alexander Inauguration Medal (4/30/2013)

•Portugal: Grand Cross of the Military Order of Aviz (23 May 2017)

• Senegal: Commander of the National Order of the Lion (24 February 2023)

• Slovakia: Grand Officer of the Order of the White Double Cross (7 September 2005) 

• United Kingdom: Recipient of the Sandhurst Medal (22 September 2020)

## References
New Administrative Capital

The **New Administrative Capital** (**NAC**) () is a large-scale project in Egypt that has been under construction since 2015.

It was announced by then-Egyptian housing minister Moustafa Madbouly at the Egypt Economic Development Conference on 13 March 2015. The city will reportedly be named **Wedian**, the Egyptian Arabic plural for "Wadi". 

## References
Great conjunction

A **great conjunction** is a conjunction of the planets Jupiter and Saturn. Great conjunctions occur regularly (every 19.6 years, on average) due to the combined effect of Jupiter's about 11.86-year orbital period and Saturn's 29.5-year orbital period. The last great conjunction happened on 21 December 2020. It was the closest great conjunction since 1623.

## References 
## Other websites
* The Great Conjunction  at GeoGebra
* Orbital Motion Simulation of Jupiter and Saturn at GeoGebra
Hyla

***Hyla*** is a genus of tree frogs in the family Hylidae. Over the years, scientists have changed their minds about which frog species should be in *Hyla* and which should be in *Litoria*, *Ranoidea* or other genera.  At one time, *Hyla* had more than 300 species from Europe, Asia, Africa, and across the Americas. Now, *Hyla* has only 17 extant (living) species. They are from Europe, northern Africa and Asia. The earliest known fossil from a *Hyla* frog is †*Hyla swanstoni* from the Eocene.  The fossil was found in Saskatchewan, Canada, but it is not clear whether we would consider *swanstoni* a *Hyla* frog today.

Josephus Nicolaus Laurenti made the genus in 1768. He named it after Hylas from Greek mythology.  Hylas was a friend of Hercules. Even though the mythological person Hylas was male, the name *Hyla* is given the feminine grammatical gender.

Some people say this word comes from the Greek word  (''*, "forest" or "wood"), but it does not.

## Living species 
*]]

## Mating systems 
### Female choice based on male calling 
In most *Hyla* frogs, the male frogs sing, and then the female frogs choose which male to mate with based on their songs. But females from different species like different things about male frogs' voices. Female *H. versicolor*, for example, choose males whose calls last longer.  Female *H. arborea* choose males who show up to sing in the same place for many nights. This behavior, called lekking, is common in many species of *Hyla*. In order to sing clearly, the males need to be a certain distance apart from each other.

### Indirect selection 
Indirect selection is when one partner chooses a mate based on just one thing that is related to how fit and healthy the mate is all together. *H. arborea* is a frog that is awake at night, and the females listen to the males sing and then choose one, so the frogs must be able to hear well. This ability to see may be related to how females choose males.  Scientists say female *H. arborea* choose males with more brightly colored vocal sacs. They think colorful vocal sacs may show that the frog has enough carotenoids in the food it eats. This may mean the male frog is better at finding food than other frogs, and he might pass on some of this skill to his offspring.

## References 
## Other websites 
* . 2007. Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 5.1 (10 October 2007). *Hyla*. Electronic Database accessible at https://web.archive.org/web/20071024033938/http://research.amnh.org/herpetology/amphibia/index.php. American Museum of Natural History, New York, USA. (Accessed: Apr 21, 2008). 
*  [web application]. 2008. Berkeley, California: *Hyla*. AmphibiaWeb, available at http://amphibiaweb.org/. (Accessed: Apr 21, 2008). 
*  taxon *Hyla* at http://www.eol.org.
Maria Teresa, Grand Duchess of Luxembourg

**Maria Teresa** (born **María Teresa Mestre y Batista**; 22 March 1956) is the spouse of Henri, Grand Duke of Luxembourg, who acceded to the throne in 2000. She was born in Cuba.

Maria Teresa married Prince Henri of Luxembourg in a civil ceremony on 4 February 1981 and a religious ceremony on 14 February 1981. She received a bouquet of red roses as a wedding gift from the then Cuban dictator Fidel Castro.

The couple has five children: Guillaume, Hereditary Grand Duke of Luxembourg, Prince Félix of Luxembourg, Prince Louis of Luxembourg, Princess Alexandra of Luxembourg, and Prince Sébastien of Luxembourg.

## Titles and styles
*14 February 1981 – 7 October 2000: Her Royal Highness  The Hereditary Grand Duchess of Luxembourg, Princess of Nassau, Princess of Bourbon-Parma
*7 October 2000: Her Royal Highness  The Grand Duchess of Luxembourg, Princess of Nassau, Princess of Bourbon-Parma
*National Honours
*Luxembourg: Knight of the Order of the Gold Lion of the House of Nassau (23 October 2000)
*Luxembourg: Grand Cross of Order of Adolphe of Nassau (23 October 2000)
*Foreign Honours 
*Austria:  Grand Star of the Decoration of Honour for Services to the Republic of Austria (18 June 2019)
*Belgium: Grand Cordon of the Order of Leopold (Belgium) (19 March 2007)
*Brazil: Grand Cross of the Order of the Southern Cross (1 July 2019)
*Denmark: Knight of the Order of the Elephant (3 October 2000) 
*Finland: Grand Cross of the Order of the White Rose of Finland (5 June 2008)
*France: Grand Cross of the National Order of Merit (France) (5 March 2008)
*Greece: Grand Cross of the Order of Beneficence (31 May 2005)
*Italy: Knight Grand Cross of the Order of Merit of the Italian Republic (18 November 2003)
*Japan: Grand Cordon (Paulownia) of the Order of the Precious Crown  (23 October 2000)
*Latvia: Commander Grand Cross of the Order of the Three Stars (31 May 2019)
*Netherlands: Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Netherlands Lion (30 April 2013), Grand Cross of the Order of the Crown (Netherlands)  (30 November 2005)
*Norway: Grand Cross of the Order of St. Olav (3 October 2000) 
*Portuguese Royal Family: Dame Grand Cross of the Royal Order of Saint Isabel (27 October 2012)
*Portugal: Grand Cross of the Military Order of Christ, Grand Cross of the Military Order of Saint James of the Sword, Grand Cross of the Order of Prince Henry,  Grand Cross of the Order of Camoes
*Romania: Grand Cross of the Order of the Star of Romania
*Spain: Dame Grand Cross of the Order of Charles III
*Sweden: Member of the Royal  Order of the Seraphim, Commander Grand Cross of the Royal Order of the Polar Star , Recipient of the [[50th Birthday Medal of King Carl XVI Gustaf

*Official website of H.R.H Maria Teresa, Grand Duchess of Luxembourg
*Official website
*The Mentor Foundation charity website
William I of the Netherlands

**William I** (Willem Frederik, Prince of Orange-Nassau; 24 August 1772 – 12 December 1843) was a Prince of Orange, the King of the Netherlands and Grand Duke of Luxembourg.

## References
## Other websites
* Willem I, Koning (1772-1843)  at the Dutch Royal House website
William IV, Grand Duke of Luxembourg

**William IV** (William Alexander; *French: Guillaume Alexandre*; 22 April 1852 – 25 February 1912) reigned as the Grand Duke of Luxembourg from 17 November 1905 until his death. He succeeded his father, Adolphe.

Currently, William is the last monarch of Luxembourg to die while still on the throne.

## Titles and styles
Although the Duchy of Nassau was annexed by Prussia after the Austro-Prussian war of 1866, the title of Duke of Nassau was retained by William and his heirs. This does not imply any sovereignty over Nassau.

*22 April 1852 - 23 November 1890: *His Highness* The Hereditary Prince of Nassau
*23 November 1890 - 17 November 1905: *His Royal Highness* The Hereditary Grand Duke of Luxembourg, Hereditary Prince of Nassau
*17 November 1905 - 25 February 1912: *His Royal Highness* The Grand Duke of Luxembourg, Duke of Nassau

## Notes
## Other websites
* Grand-Ducal House of Luxembourg
Adolphe, Grand Duke of Luxembourg

**Adolphe** (Adolf Wilhelm August Karl Friedrich; 24 July 1817 – 17 November 1905) was the last sovereign Duke of Nassau, reigning from 20 August 1839 until the duchy's annexation to Kingdom of Prussia in 1866. 

In 1890, he became Grand Duke of Luxembourg following the death of King William III of the Netherlands, ending the personal relationship between the Netherlands and Luxembourg, until his own death in 1905. 

He was the first monarch of Luxembourg from the House of Nassau-Weilburg.

## Coat of Arms

File:CoA_Grand_Duke_of_Luxembourg_1890-1898.svg|Coat of arms of Adolphe, 1890 - 1898
File:Arms of the Grand Dukes of Luxembourg prior to 2000.svg|Coat of arms of Adolphe and Grand Duke of Luxembourg in general, 1898 - 2000

## Other websites
* Adolphe's page on the official website of the Grand-Ducal House of Luxembourg
Princess Joséphine Charlotte of Belgium

**Joséphine-Charlotte, Grand Duchess of Luxembourg** (born **Princess Joséphine-Charlotte of Belgium**; 11 October 1927 – 10 January 2005), was the Grand Duchess consort of Luxembourg as the wife of Grand Duke Jean. 

She was the first child of King Leopold III of Belgium, and sister of the late King Baudouin and former King Albert II and aunt of King Philippe. 

She was also the first cousin of King Harald V of Norway.

Joséphine died of lung cancer on 10 January 2005 at Fischbach Castle in Luxembourg at the age of 77.

## References