open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
The Valley of Decision

***The Valley of Decision*** is a 1945 American historical drama movie directed by Tay Garnett and was based on the 1942 novel of the same name by Marcia Davenport. It stars Greer Garson, Gregory Peck, Donald Crisp, Lionel Barrymore, Marsha Hunt, Preston Foster, Gladys Cooper, Jessica Tandy, Reginald Owen and was distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. It was nominated for 2 Academy Awards in 1946.

## Other websites
*
Li Jijun

**Li Jijun** (, October 9, 1933 &ndash; July 21, 2020), was a Chinese geographer and geomorphologist. He was born in Pengzhou, Sichuan. In 1991, he was elected as a member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. He was a professor of Geography Department of Lanzhou University and a Dean of the Geography Department of Lanzhou University.

Li died on July 21, 2020 in Lanzhou, Gansu at the age of 87.

## References
Jonathan Oppenheim

**Jonathan Louis Oppenheim** (November 10, 1952 – July 16, 2020) was an American movie and television editor and producer. His works were mainly documentaries. Oppenheim was known for his work on *The Oath* (2010) and *Paris Is Burning* (1990). He was born in New York City.

Oppenheim died on July 16, 2020 from brain cancer, aged 67.

## References
## Other websites
*
Stadtbredimus

**Stadtbredimus** () is a commune in Luxembourg. It is part of the canton of Remich.

As of 2019, 1,894 people live here.
Ettelbruck

**Ettelbruck** ( ) is a commune with town status in Luxembourg. It is part of the canton of Diekirch.

As of 2019, 8,926 people live here.
JoJo Siwa

**Joelle Joanie** "**JoJo**" **Siwa** (; born May 19, 2003) is an American dancer, lip-syncer, actress, and YouTube personality. She is known for appearing for two seasons on *Dance Moms* and for her singles "Boomerang" and "Kid in a Candy Store". 

## Works 
Siwa posts daily videos of her life on her YouTube channels, "JoJo Siwa TV" and "It's JoJo Siwa". She was born in Omaha, Nebraska.

In June 2019, the FDA issued a warning about dangerous levels of asbestos in a JoJo Siwa-branded cosmetics kit.

JoJo signed with Nickelodeon in 2017. She was in the movies *Blurt!* and *Lip Sync Battle Shorties* with Nick Cannon. She played on pictionary!.

In April 2024, JoJo released a single entitled Karma which she intended to be an adult song, attempting to rebrand from a child star. 

## Personal life 
Siwa came out as being in the LGBTQ+ community in January 2021. In February 2021, she revealed that she was in a relationship with her best friend who had asked her to be her girlfriend a month prior. However they have since separated and Siwa has had several relationships since. 

## References
Dalheim

**Dalheim** is the name of two places in Europe:
* Dalheim, Luxembourg, a commune in the canton of Remich in southeastern Luxembourg
* Dalheim, Rhineland-Palatinate, a municipality in the Mainz-Bingen district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany

## Other 
* Talheim
* Thalheim
Perquimans County, North Carolina

**Perquimans County** is a county in the U.S. state of North Carolina. In 2020, 13,005 people lived there. Its county seat is Hertford.

## References
Drava Statistical Region

The **Drava Statistical Region** () is a statistical region in Slovenia. The largest city in the region is Maribor.

## Municipalities 
The Drava Statistical Region has 41 municipalities:

* Benedikt
* Cerkvenjak
* Cirkulane
* Destrnik
* Dornava
* Duplek
* Gorišnica
* Hajdina
* Hoče–Slivnica
* Juršinci
* Kidričevo
* Kungota
* Lenart
* Lovrenc na Pohorju
* Majšperk
* Makole
* Maribor
* Markovci
* Miklavž na Dravskem Polju
* Oplotnica
* Ormož
* Pesnica
* Podlehnik
* Poljčane
* Ptuj
* Rače–Fram
* Ruše
* Selnica ob Dravi
* Slovenska Bistrica
* Središče ob Dravi
* Starše
* Sveta Ana
* Sveta Trojica v Slovenskih Goricah
* Sveti Andraž v Slovenskih Goricah
* Sveti Jurij v Slovenskih Goricah
* Sveti Tomaž
* Šentilj
* Trnovska Vas
* Videm
* Zavrč
* Žetale
Real Academia de la Historia

The **Real Academia de la Historia** (**RAH**, 'Royal Academy of History') is a Spanish institution in Madrid. 

It studies history "ancient and modern, political, civil, ecclesiastical, military, scientific, of letters and arts, that is to say, the different branches of life, of civilisation, and of the culture of the Spanish people". 

The Academy was created by Philip V of Spain on 18 April 1738.

## References
Roanoke

**Roanoke** may refer to:
* The Roanoke people, who once lived in North Carolina.
* Roanoke Colony, a failed British colony.
* Roanoke Island, where Roanoke Colony was created.
* Roanoke, Alabama
* Roanoke, Texas
* Roanoke, Virginia
* Roanoke Rapids, North Carolina
Roanoke people

The **Roanoke people** were a group of Native Americans who lived in North Carolina. Their population was between 5,000 and 10,000. Their capital was possibly *Dasamonguepeuk*. The English met them on Roanoke Island, where the English would later create Roanoke Colony.
## References
Carinthia Statistical Region

The **Carinthia Statistical Region** () is a statistical region in northern Slovenia. It lies along the border with Austria.

## Municipalities 
The Carinthia Statistical Region has 12 municipalities:

* Črna na Koroškem
* Dravograd
* Mežica
* Mislinja
* Muta
* Podvelka
* Prevalje
* Radlje ob Dravi
* Ravne na Koroškem
* Ribnica na Pohorju
* Slovenj Gradec
* Vuzenica
Savinja Statistical Region

The **Savinja Statistical Region** () is a statistical region in Slovenia.

## Municipalities 
The Savinja Statistical Region has 31 municipalities:

* Braslovče
* Celje
* Dobje
* Dobrna
* Gornji Grad
* Kozje
* Laško
* Ljubno
* Luče
* Mozirje
* Nazarje
* Podčetrtek
* Polzela
* Prebold
* Rečica ob Savinji.
* Rogaška Slatina
* Rogatec
* Šentjur
* Slovenske Konjice
* Šmarje pri Jelšah
* Šmartno ob Paki
* Solčava
* Šoštanj
* Štore
* Tabor
* Velenje
* Vitanje
* Vojnik
* Vransko
* Žalec
* Zreče

The municipalities of Bistrica ob Sotli and the Radeče were part of the region until 1 January 2015; they became part of the Lower Sava Statistical Region in 2015.
Central Sava Statistical Region

The **Central Sava Statistical Region** () is a statistical region in Slovenia.

## Municipalities 
The Central Sava Statistical has four municipalities: 
* Hrastnik
* Litija
* Trbovlje
* Zagorje ob Savi
Lower Sava Statistical Region

The **Lower Sava Statistical Region** (; until 31 December 2014 ) is a statistical region in Slovenia.

## Municipalities 
The Lower Sava Statistical Region has six municipalities:
* Bistrica ob Sotli
* Brežice
* Kostanjevica na Krki
* Krško
* Radeče
* Sevnica
Paul Cook (politician)

**Paul Cook** (born March 3, 1943) is an American politician. He was a member of the U.S. House of Representative for California's 8th congressional district from 2013 until 2020. He is a member of the Republican Party. He was a member of the California State Assembly until 2012.

In September 2019, Cook announced that he would not run for re-election to Congress in 2020. He instead ran for a seat on the San Bernardino County Board of Supervisors. He won the election and was sworn in on December 7, 2020.

## References
Littoral–Inner Carniola Statistical Region

The **Littoral–Inner Carniola Statistical Region** () is a statistical region in Slovenia. Until 1 January 2015, it was named the **Inner Carniola–Karst Statistical Region** ().

## Municipalities 
The Littoral–Inner Carniola Statistical Region has six municipalities:
* Bloke
* Cerknica
* Ilirska Bistrica
* Loška Dolina
* Pivka
* Postojna
Upper Carniola Statistical Region

The **Upper Carniola Statistical Region** is a statistical region in Slovenia.

Ljubljana Jože Pučnik Airport is in the region.

## Municipalities 
The Upper Carniola Statistical Region has 18 municipalities:

* Bled
* Bohinj
* Cerklje na Gorenjskem
* Gorenja Vas–Poljane
* Gorje
* Jesenice
* Jezersko
* Kranj
* Kranjska Gora
* Naklo
* Preddvor
* Radovljica
* Šenčur
* Škofja Loka
* Tržič
* Železniki
* Žiri
* Žirovnica
Coastal–Karst Statistical Region

The **Coastal–Karst Statistical Region** (, ) is a statistical region in Slovenia.

## Municipalities 
The Coastal–Karst Statistical Region has 8 municipalities:
* Ankaran
* Divača
* Hrpelje-Kozina
* Izola
* Komen
* Koper
* Piran
* Sežana
Rodolfo Olgiati

**Rodolfo Olgiati** (Lugano, 30 June 1905 – Bern, 31 May 1986) was a Swiss schoolteacher and educationist.

Olgiati studied in Chur and Bern. He studied mathematics and physics at the ETH Zurich. He met Leonhard Ragaz. From 1929 to 1932, he was a teacher at the Odenwaldschule in Heppenheim. In 1933, he worked at Faithfull's home for educators in England. From 1934 to 1935, he worked for Fritz Wartenweiler in the youth courses. In 1935 he became secretary of the Service Civil International. During the Spanish Civil War, in February 1937, he worked for the rescue of vulnerable children and founded the Swiss Working Group for Spanish Children (SAS) with Fritz Wartenweiler and Regina Kägi-Fuchsmann. 
 
In Spain, he met Irma Schneider, who, as a former teacher at the Swiss school in Barcelona, ran the canteen for pregnant women in Madrid.
In January 1940, he helped bring together 17 organizations under the umbrella organization of the Swiss Working Group for Children Affected by War (SAK). 

In January 1942, Children's Aid, were founded by the Swiss Red Cross and the SAK in order to be able to extend children's aid to the whole of Europe. From 1942 to 1943, Olgiati was a central secretary. He resigned at the end of 1943 and the SAK was dissolved in 1944.
 
From late 1944 to 1948, he was the manager of Swiss donation, and from 1948 Swiss European Aid (SEH). He started aid for Germany. From 1949 to 1970, he was a member of the International Red Cross ICRC in Geneva. In 1958, he led the East Swiss Evangelical Home of Wartensee.

## References
Avesnes-sur-Helpe

**Avesnes-sur-Helpe** () is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2018, 4,345 people lived there.

## References
## Other websites
* INSEE commune file
East Meadow, New York

**East Meadow** is a hamlet and census-designated place (CDP) in Nassau County (Long Island), New York, United States. East Meadow is an unincorporated area in the Town of Hempstead.

The population was 37,796 at the 2020 census.

## References
Ogaden

**Ogaden** is one of the three names for the largest region of Ethiopia. It is named after the Ogaden tribe. The area is also called the Somali Region.
 The Ogaden tribe shares borders with Dir to the northwest, Isaaq to the north, reer Darawiish to the northeast, Oromo to the west and Rahanweyn to the south.

## References
Lamborghini Centenario

The **Lamborghini Centenario** is a supercar. Lamborghini made it in 2016. They only made 40 Centenarios. Twenty of them were coupes. The other twenty were convertibles. The Centenario convertible was called the Centenario Roadster. All of them sold out before the car was even released. It shares the same platform as the Aventador but exhibits some new technology which is going to be integrated into future designs

## History
The Centenario was built to celebrate the 100th  of Ferruccio Lamborghini’s birth. It was first shown at the 2016 Geneva Motor Show. The Centenario was based off the Aventador. It used a more powerful version of its V12 engine.

## Production 
Lamborghini made a total of 40 Centenarios (20 coupes and 20 roadsters). All of them had already been sold by the time Lamborghini started delivering them to customers.

## Engine and transmission
The Centenario is based off the Aventador. It is powered by a more powerful version of the Aventador's 6.5-litre V12 engine. The engine makes  at 8,500 rpm and  of torque at 5,500 rpm. This is  more than the Aventador SV. The engine is paired with the same 7-speed *ISR* automated manual gearbox as the Aventador. The Centenario’s power goes to all four wheels through the Aventador’s all-wheel drive system.

### Performance
The Centenario can  from  in 2.8 seconds. It can also go from  in 23.5 seconds. It has a top speed of . The car can also brake from  in just .

## Related pages
*Lamborghini Aventador

## References
Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region

The **Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region** () is a statistical region in Slovenia.

## Municipalities 
The Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region has 21 municipalities:

* Črnomelj
* Dolenjske Toplice
* Kočevje
* Kostel
* Loški Potok
* Metlika
* Mirna
* Mirna Peč
* Mokronog-Trebelno
* Novo Mesto
* Osilnica
* Ribnica
* Semič
* Sodražica
* Straža
* Šentjernej
* Šentrupert
* Škocjan
* Šmarješke Toplice
* Trebnje
* Žužemberk
Ƒ

The letter '*** (minuscule: **ƒ**) is a letter of the Latin alphabet, based on the italic form of F. It is used in writing the Ewe language to represent a voiceless bilabial fricative (IPA: ), as distinct from the letter F, which represents a voiceless labiodental fricative. Compare , which is the equivalent voiced sound.

The minuscule **ƒ** is also used as an abbreviation for florin, gulden and guilder.

The lowercase **ƒ*' is also used in mathamatics for function notation:
 ƒ(x)=πx2

## Use on computers
Older fonts and character encodings included only the minuscule form for its use as an abbreviation. Unicode includes both the majuscule and the minuscule.

## Other websites
*Practical Orthography of African Languages
RM (rapper)

**Kim Nam-joon** (; born September 12, 1994), better known as **RM** (formerly **Rap Monster**), is a South Korean rapper, songwriter, and record producer. He is the leader of and a rapper in South Korean boy group BTS. He also sings his own songs. He has worked with artists such as Wale, Younha, Warren G, Gaeko, Krizz Kaliko, MFBTY, Fall Out Boy, Primary, and Lil Nas X.

## Early life 
He was born on September 12, 1994, in Dongjak-gu, a district in Seoul, and grew up in Ilsan-gu, another district in Seoul, where his family moved when he was four or five. He has a younger sister.

As a child, RM largely learned English through watching *Friends* with his mother. As a student, he wrote poetry and often received awards for his writings. He posted his work to an online poetry website for roughly one year, where he received some attention. Through this, RM grew interested in pursuing a literary career but decided against it.

## Songs 
Below is a list of RM's own songs. To see songs he has made as a member of BTS, see BTS.
### Mixtapes
* *RM* (2015)
* *Mono* (2018)
## References
Kim Seok-jin

**Kim Seok-jin** (; born on December 4, 1992), also known by his stage name **Jin**, is a South Korean singer-songwriter and member of the South Korean boy band BTS since June 2013. Kim was recruited for the group while in university and joined Big Hit Entertainment as an actor, eventually becoming a Korean idol. Kim has co-written and released three solo tracks with BTS: "Awake" (2016), "Epiphany" (2018), and "Moon" (2020), all of which have charted on South Korea's Gaon Digital Chart. 

In 2019, Jin released his first independent song, the digital track "Tonight". He also appeared on the 2016 *Hwarang: The Poet Warrior Youth* soundtrack alongside BTS member V.

## Early life 
**Kim Seok-jin** was born on December 4, 1992, in Gwacheon, Gyeonggi Province, South Korea. He has an older brother.

## References
Donald Whiston

**Donald Francis Whiston** (June 19, 1927 &ndash; July 11, 2020) was an American ice hockey player. He won a silver medal at the 1952 Winter Olympics. Afterwards he coached at Brown for three seasons. Whiston was born in Lynn, Massachusetts.

Whiston died on July 11, 2020 in Ipswich, Massachusetts at the age of 93.

## References
Ipswich, Massachusetts

**Ipswich** is a coastal town in Essex County, Massachusetts, United States. The population was 13,785 at the 2020 census.
## References
Michael Silverstein

**Michael Silverstein** (12 September 1945 – 17 July 2020) was an American linguist. He was the Charles F. Grey Distinguished Service Professor of anthropology, linguistics, and psychology at the University of Chicago. He was a theoretician of semiotics and linguistic anthropology.

Silverstein died on 17 June 2020, aged 74.

## References
Bantigny

**Bantigny** () is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2018, 520 people lived there.

## References
## Other websites
* INSEE commune file
Louis Dicaire

**Louis Dicaire** (29 August 1946 – 19 July 2020) was a Canadian Roman Catholic bishop. He was the auxiliary bishop of Saint-Jean-Longueuil from 2004 until his death. Dicaire was Auxiliary Bishop of Montreal from 1999 to 2004. He was born in Montreal. 

Dicaire died on 19 July 2020 in Montreal, aged 73.

## References
Lamborghini Sián FKP 37

The **Lamborghini Sián FKP 37** is a supercar. Lamborghini says that they will start making it in 2020. The Sián is based off the Aventador. Lamborghini will only make 63 Siáns. The Sián is the first Lamborghini to have a hybrid powertrain. This means that the car is powered by both a gas engine and an electric motor.

## History
Lamborghini first showed the Sián FKP 37 at the 2019 Frankfurt Motor Show. The car’s name was made to honor Ferdinand Piëch. Piëch had died a couple months before the Sián was first shown. "FKP" was the initials of Piëch‘s name. The "37" came from Piëch‘s birth year, which was 1937.

## Production
Lamborghini will only build 63 Sián FKP 37s. This is because Lamborghini started making road cars in 1963. All 63 Siáns have already been sold. The Sián sends its power to all four wheels through an all-wheel drive system.

### Performance
The Sián is able to go from 0- in 2.8&nbsp;seconds. Lamborghini says that the Sián will have a top speed of .

## Related pages
* Lamborghini Aventador

## References
Person County, North Carolina

**Person County** is a county in the U.S. state of North Carolina. In 2020, 39,097 people lived there. Its county seat is Roxboro.

## References
J-Hope

** Jung Ho-seok ** (; born February 18, 1994), better known by his stage name **J-hope**, is a South Korean rapper, dancer and singer-songwriter. In 2013, J-Hope made his debut as a member of the South Korean band BTS, managed under Big Hit Entertainment.

J-Hope released his first solo mixtape, *Hope World*, March 1, 2018. A lot of people liked the album. His debut at number 63 (and subsequent peak at number 38) made him the highest charting solo Korean artist on the *Billboard* 200 at the time of the mixtape's release. In September 27, 2019, he released his song "Chicken Noodle Soup" featuring Becky G. J-Hope released his first studio album, *Jack In The Box*, July 15, 2022, and the most biggest album on iTunes.

## Life and career 
### 1994–2012: Early life 
### 2013–present: BTS 
### 2018–present: Solo activities and first mixtape 
J-Hope makes music on the side while performing with the rest of BTS.

## Name 
His stage name, "J-Hope (제이홉)" (transliteration: *Jeihop*), comes from his desire to represent hope for fans, as well as to be "the hope of BTS".

It is also a reference to the Greek myth of Pandora's box, as after the box was opened and all the evils inside were released to the world, the only thing left at the bottom was hope.

## Personal life 
J-Hope currently lives in Seoul with the other members of BTS.

### Charity 
On February 18, 2019, J-Hope donated 100 million Korean won (US$89,000) to Child Fund Korea, in support of those attending his high school alma mater in Gwangju. He had previously donated 150 million won (about US$133,000) to the same organization in December 2018, but requested the donation be private at the time.

## Songs 
### Mixtapes
## References
Baba Ibrahim Suma-Keita

**Baba Ibrahim Suma-Keita** (20 April 1947 &ndash; 18 July 2020) was a Sierra Leonean long-distance runner. He competed in the marathon at the 1980 Summer Olympics and the 1988 Summer Olympics.

Suma-Keita died on 18 July 2020 in Freetown, Sierra Leone at the age of 73.

## References
## Other websites
* 
*
Inatsisartut

The **Inatsisartut** (), also known as the **Parliament of Greenland** in English, is the unicameral parliament (legislative branch) of Greenland. It was created in 1979, it meets in Inatsisartut, on the islet of Nuuk Center in central Nuuk.

There are 31 members. They are elected for four-year periods.

## References
Monterey Park, California

**Monterey Park** is a city in the western San Gabriel Valley region of Los Angeles County, California in the Los Angeles metropolitan area, United States. It is about  from Los Angeles. In the 2020 Census, the city had a total population of 61,096.

## References
Mike Slemen

**Michael Anthony Charles Slemen** (11 May 1951 – 20 July 2020) was an English international rugby union player. He toured South Africa in 1980 with the British and Irish Lions and at the time played club rugby for Liverpool. His career lasted from 1976 to 1980. 

He died on 21 July 2020, aged 69.

## References
Paul Lynde

**Paul Edward Lynde** (; June 13, 1926 &ndash; January 10, 1982) was an American comedian, actor and game show panelist. Lynde was well known for his roles as Uncle Arthur on *Bewitched,* the father Harry MacAfee in *Bye Bye Birdie,* and as a regular "center square" panelist on the game show *The Hollywood Squares* from 1968 to 1981. 

He also voiced animated characters for four Hanna-Barbera works. He was secretly gay.

Lynde died of a heart attack at his home in Beverly Hills, California on January 10, 1982 at the age of 55.

## References
Simon Russell Beale

**Sir Simon Russell Beale**,  (born 12 January 1961) is an English actor, author and music historian. He was born in Penang, Malaya (present-day Malaysia). 

He appeared in *Persuasion* (1995), *The Young Visiters* (2003), *Dunkirk* (2004), *The Deep Blue Sea* (2011) and as Falstaff in the BBC made-for-television movies *Henry IV, Part I and Part II* (2012). 

He was part of the main cast of Showtime's *Penny Dreadful*. He also appeared in *Into the Woods* (2014) and *The Death of Stalin* (2017).

## References
Charles Simonyi

**Charles Simonyi** (; , ; born September 10, 1948) is a Hungarian-born American software architect. He started and led Microsoft's applications group, where he built the first versions of Microsoft Office. 

He founded and led Intentional Software. 

In April 2007, aboard Soyuz TMA-10, he became the fifth space tourist and the second Hungarian in space. In March 2009, aboard Soyuz TMA-14, he made a second trip to the International Space Station. 

His net worth is US$3.3 billion. He was born in Budapest.

## References
Stephen A. Schwarzman

**Stephen Allen Schwarzman** (born February 14, 1947) is an American businessman, investor, and philanthropist. He is the chairman and CEO of The Blackstone Group. His wealth was at $17.2 billion as of October 2019. He was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

As of 2019, *Forbes* ranked Schwarzman at 100th on its World's Billionaires List. He was Chairman of President Donald Trump's Strategic and Policy Forum in 2017.

## References
Separate classroom

**Separate classroom** or **special class** is a class for students with a disability who are grouped together for a special education program based on how similar their needs are. They may have the same disability or have different disabilities but their needs should be the same. Students attend separate classrooms while also attending a regular school.  

## Related pages
* Down syndrome
* Fetal alcohol syndrome

## References
Kurangumala

**Kurangumala** (Monkey Hill) is a village in Pathanamthitta district, Kerala state, India.

## Language
Malayalam is the native language of Kurangumala.

## Education
St. Thomas College is near Kurangumala.

## Politics
Kurangumala is a part of Pathanamthitta Loksabha constituency. Mr. Anto Antony is the current Member of Parliament of the constituency.

## Weather
The tropical climate is moderate and pleasant. 

## Transportation
The major transportation service of this place is provided by Kerala State Road Transport Corporation (KSRTC).

## References
Suka K. Frederiksen

**Suka K. Frederiksen** (July 18, 1965 – July 21, 2020) was a Greenlandic politician. She was the Foreign Minister of Greenland from 2017 until her death under the Kim Kielsen cabinet. Frederiksen was a member of the Inatsisartut from 2014 until her death. Frederiksen was a member of the Siumut party.

Frederiksen died after a long-illness on July 21, 2020 at the age of 55.

## References
Dobby Dobson

**Highland "Dobby" Dobson** OD (July 5, 1942 &ndash; July 21, 2020) was a Jamaican reggae singer and record producer. He was nicknamed "The Loving Pauper" after one of his best known songs. He was born in Kingston, Jamaica. In 1971, he recorded "That Wonderful Sound" for Rupie Edwards, which sold over 40,000 copies in the Caribbean, and was followed up by the equally successful "Endlessly".

Dobson died on July 21 2020 from COVID-19 in Florida, aged 78.

## References
Calexico, California

**Calexico** is a city in Imperial County, California. As of 2020 the city has a population of 38,633 people.

## References
Mikołaj Kubica

**Mikołaj Kubica** (27 October 1945 &ndash; 19 July 2020) was a Polish gymnast. He competed at the 1964 Summer Olympics, the 1968 Summer Olympics and the 1972 Summer Olympics. He was born in Niedobczyce, Poland.

Kubica died on 19 July 2020, aged 74.

## References
## Other websites
* 
* 
*
Esther Salas

**Esther Salas** (born December 29, 1968) is an American District Judge of the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey sitting in Newark, New Jersey. She was a United States Magistrate Judge of the same court from 2006 until her confirmation as a district judge in 2011. 

Salas is the first Hispanic woman to be a United States Magistrate Judge and as a United States District Judge in the District of New Jersey.

On July 19, 2020, an anti-feminist lawyer, Roy Den Hollander, targeted Salas' family at their home. Salas's son Daniel, aged 20, opened the door when Den Hollander knocked and opened fire, killing Daniel at the scene. Her husband Mark was also shot multiple times and left in a critical but stable condition. Salas was in the basement at the time of the attack and was not injured.

## References
Jorge Villavicencio

**Jorge Alejandro Villavicencio Álvarez** (1958 &ndash; 20 July 2020) was a Guatemalan surgeon and politician. He was Minister of Public Health and Social Assistance from 2 May 2012 to 24 September 2014 during the Otto Pérez Molina presidency. 

In 2019, Villavicencio was arrested and sent to a private military prison over corruption accusations.

Villavicencio died of COVID-19 at a hospital in Guatemala City on 20 July 2020, aged 62.

## References
Annie Ross

**Annabelle Allan Short** (25 July 1930 &ndash;  21 July 2020), known professionally as **Annie Ross**, was a British-American jazz singer-songwriter and actress. She was best known as a member of the jazz vocal trio Lambert, Hendricks & Ross. She also wrote the song "Twisted". An actress, she appeared in the movie *Short Cuts*. Ross was born in London.

Ross died on 21 July 2020 in New York City from problems caused by emphysema and heart disease, four days before her 90th birthday.

## References
Hal Bernson

**Harold M. Bernson,** known as **Hal Bernson,** (November 19, 1930 &ndash; July 20, 2020) was an American politician and clothier businessman. He was born in South Gate, California. Bernson was a member of the Los Angeles City Council between 1979 to 2003. He was a member of the Republican Party.

Bernson died on July 20, 2020 in Los Angeles, aged 89.

## References
Tim Smith (Cardiacs)

**Timothy Charles Smith** (3 July 1961 – 21 July 2020) was an English singer-songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, record producer and music video director. He was best known as the frontman of the cult English band Cardiacs. He was born in Carshalton, Surrey.

In June 2008, Smith suffered from a heart attack and stroke which left him physically disabled. He died on 21 July 2020, aged 59.

## References
Elize Cawood

**Elize Cawood** (28 June 1952 – 18 July 2020) was a South African actress. On television, she was known for her role as Pop in *Verspeelde lente* (1984). Her best known movies were *Dis ek, Anna* and *Red Dust*. She was born in Bloemfontein, then Union of South Africa.

Cawood died on 18 July 2020 from lung cancer in Cape Town, Western Cape, aged 68.

## References
## Other websites
*
Jesup, Georgia

**Jesup** is a city in Wayne County, Georgia, United States. The population was 9,809 at the 2020 census. The city is the county seat of Wayne County.

## References
Nihon University

**Nihon University** is one of the oldest private universities in Japan.
## Campus gallery

File:NUBuilding.jpg|Nihon University head office
File:Nihon Univ College of Art Tokyo Japan 20110628.JPG|Nihon University Nerima (northern Tokyo) campus

## Faculties & Graduate Schools
* Medicine
* Dentistry
* Pharmacy
* Science & Technology (Mathematics, Physics, Chemistry, etc.)
* Law
* Economics
Nihon University also has a junior college and many affiliated high schools.
### Junior College
* Nihon University Junior College Funabashi Campus 
* Nihon University Junior College Shonan Campus 
* Nihon University Junior College Mishima Campus 

## References and notes
## Other websites 
*  (English portal)
*  
* Third Junior & Senior High School of Nihon University 
* Third Junior & Senior High School of Nihon University
Ray Hannigan

**Raymond James Hannigan** (July 14, 1927 &ndash; July 18, 2020) was a Canadian-American professional ice hockey right winger. He played 3 games for the Toronto Maple Leafs of the NHL. Hannigan was ordained in 1991 as a Catholic priest and later lived in the United States.

Hannigan was born in Schumacher, Ontario. He died in Mesa, Arizona on July 18, 2020 at the age of 93.

## References
Index case

The **index case** (occasionally referred to as **patient zero**) is the first patient in a disease epidemic within a large population, or the first documented patient included in an epidemiological study. 

## References
Phineas Gage

his skull in 1849]]
**Phineas P. Gage** (July 9, 1823 &ndash; May 21, 1860) was an American railroad construction foreman. He is known for his unlikely survival of an accident in which a large iron rod was driven completely through his head, destroying much of his brain's left frontal lobe. This caused effects on his personality and behavior over the remaining 12 years of his life.

Gage was born in Lebanon, New Hampshire. He died on May 21, 1860 in the San Francisco Bay Area from status epilepticus (a form of a seizure), aged 36.

## Gallery

File:Phineas gage - 1868 skull diagram.jpg|
File:Phineas Gage injury - animation (frontal lobe).gif|
File:Simulated Connectivity Damage of Phineas Gage 4 vanHorn PathwaysDamaged.jpg|
File:Gage reconstruction (Ratiu et al.).png|
File:Simulated Connectivity Damage of Phineas Gage SkullDisplayWarren.jpg|

## References
Kuttimannilbethel

**Kuttimannilbethel** is a village in Pathanamthitta district, Kerala state, India.

## Language
Malayalam is the native language of Kuttimannilbethel.

## Politics
Kuttimannilbethel is a part of Pathanamthitta Loksabha constituency. Mr. Anto Antony is the current Member of Parliament of the constituency.

## Weather
The climate of the place is moderate and pleasant. Tropical climate is prevailed here throughout the year.

## Transportation
The major transportation service of this place is provided by Kerala State Road Transport Corporation (KSRTC).

## References
Sharjah (emirate)

**Sharjah** ( '''') is one of the seven emirate of the United Arab Emirates.

## Rulers 
, emir of Sharjah]]
List of the rulers ruled Emirate of Sharjah.

## References
Niccolò Fontana Tartaglia

**Niccolò Fontana Tartaglia** (; 1499/1500 &ndash; 13 December 1557) was an Italian mathematician, engineer, a surveyor and a bookkeeper from the then-Republic of Venice. He published many books, including the first Italian translations of Archimedes and Euclid, and an acclaimed compilation of mathematics.
Gian Paolo Dallara

**Gian Paolo Dallara** (born 16 November 1936) is an Italian businessman and engineer. He is the owner of Dallara motorsports. He was born in Parma. He studied aeronautical engineering at the Politecnico di Milano. He first worked at Ferrari, but later moved to Maserati. In 1963, he joined Lamborghini. He worked as the chief designer. He helped design the chassis of the Lamborghini Espada and Miura.

Dallara started Dallara Automobili in Parma. From 1974, his team began designing a Formula 1 car. The car was the Iso-Marlboro IR, for the Williams Team. In 1997, his team started making IndyCar cars. They had many victories until 2003.

## References
University of Missouri Press

The **University of Missouri Press** is a university press controlled by the University of Missouri in Columbia, Missouri and London, England. It was created in 1958 by English professor William Peden. Many publications are by, for, and about people from Missouri. The Press also focuses on the areas of American and world history; military history; intellectual history; biography; journalism; African American studies; women's studies; American, British, and Latin American literary criticism; political science; regional studies; and creative nonfiction. The Press has published 2,000 books since its creation and currently publishes about 30 mostly academic books a year.

## References
Mother Jones (magazine)

***Mother Jones*** (abbreviated ***MoJo***) is an American magazine about news, commentary, and investigative reporting on topics such as politics, the environment, human rights, health and culture. Its political views are liberal or progressive. Clara Jeffery is the editor-in-chief of the magazine. Steve Katz has been the publisher since 2010; Monika Bauerlein has been the CEO since 2015. *Mother Jones* is published by The Foundation for National Progress.

The magazine was named after Mary Harris Jones, also called Mother Jones, who was an Irish-American trade union activist, socialist advocate, and an opponent of child labor.

## References
## Other websites
*
**  - Archives dating back to 1996
*
Bob Sebra

**Robert Bush Sebra** (December 11, 1961 – July 22, 2020) was an American professional baseball player. He played as a pitcher. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) from 1985 to 1990, for the Texas Rangers, Montreal Expos, Philadelphia Phillies, Cincinnati Reds and Milwaukee Brewers. He threw and batted right-handed. He was born in Ridgewood, New Jersey.

On July 22, 2020, Sebra died from multiple organ failure in Miami, Florida. He was 58.

## References
## Other websites
Madang big-eyed tree frog

The **Madang big-eyed tree frog**  (*Nyctimystes disruptus*)  is a tree frog from Papua New Guinea.  It also used to be called '''Richard's big-eyed tree frog'*.  Scientists have seen it in mountain ranges in central and eastern New Guinea, though they think it could live in other places as well.  They found it 1500 to 2000 meters above sea level.

Scientists say this frog looks a lot like the Papua big-eyed tree frog but with more webbing on its feet and clearer lines on its lower eyelids.  This frog has short, broken lines on its lower eyelids.  This frog has pupils in its eyes that go up and down and open side to side.  It can be many different colors.  Scientists have found frogs that are brown with white spots, gray with purple marks and green with brown markings on the back.  The adult male frog is about 74 mm long from nose to rear end and the adult female is about 80 mm long.

For a while, scientists thought another group of frogs, *Nyctimystes oktediensis'', was a separate species, but other scientists say these frogs are also Madang big-eyed tree frogs.

## References
Thalheim

**Thalheim** can mean:

## Places 
### Austria 
* Thalheim bei Wels, town in the Wels-Land district, Upper Austria

### Germany 
* Thalheim, Saxony, town in the Erzgebirgskreis district, Saxony

### Switzerland 
* Thalheim, Aargau, municipality in the Brugg district, Aargau
* Thalheim an der Thur, municipality in the Andelfingen district, Zürich

## Other 
* Dalheim
* Talheim
Aidlingen

**Aidlingen** is a municipality in Böblingen, Baden-Württemberg, Germany. As of 2018, 9,024 people lived there.

## Other websites 
* Official website
Giuoco Piano

The **Giuoco Piano** (Italian for *quiet game*) is a chess opening deriving from the Italian Game and beginning with the moves:
* 1. e4 e5
* 2. Nf3 Nc6
* 3. Bc4 Bc5

The Giuoco Piano is one of the oldest recorded chess openings. It is also known as the *Italian Opening*. It can lead to such variations as the Giuoco Pianissimo or the Evans Gambit.
Fayette, Mississippi

**Fayette** is a city in Jefferson County, Mississippi, United States. The population was 1,445 at the 2020 census. It is the county seat of Jefferson County.

## References
111 West 57th Street

**111 West 57th Street**, also known as the **Steinway Tower**, is a building developed by JDS Development Group and Property Markets Group in Midtown Manhattan, New York City. It is a 84 story building 1,428 feet (438 meter) tall. It is located on 57th Street near Sixth Avenue.

It is currently one of the tallest buildings in the United States. It is the thinnest building in the world with a width-to-height ratio of about 1:24. The north side of the building rises straight to the top. The south side of the building contains some step-backs near the top.

Construction began in early 2014. The building's roof was done in April 2019. It was opened in 2021.

## References
Louis L'Amour

, 1983]]
'''Louis Dearborn L'Amour'* (; born Louis Dearborn LaMoore; March 22, 1908 – June 10, 1988) was an American novelist and short-story writer. He wrote mostly Western novels, which he called "frontier stories". He also wrote historical fiction (*The Walking Drum*), science fiction (*Haunted Mesa*), non-fiction (*Frontier''), and poetry and short-story collections. He received the Golden Plate Award of the American Academy of Achievement in 1979.

After his death, his wife Katie and his children Beau and Angelique continued using the surnamer "L'Amour".

## References
## Other websites
Richmond County, North Carolina

**Richmond County** is a county in the U.S. state of North Carolina. In 2020, 42,946 people lived there. Its county seat is Rockingham.

## References
Zacharias Chaliabalias

**Zacharias Chaliabalias** (; 8 March 1946 – 22 July 2020) was a Greek international footballer. He spent his entire career with Iraklis playing as a centre-back from 1964 to 1975. He also played for the national team between 1968 and 1972.

Chaliabalias was born in Thessaloniki, Greece. He died in Thessaloniki on 22 July 2020, aged 74.

## References
Dino De Poli

**Dino De Poli** (24 August 1929 – 22 July 2020) was an  Italian lawyer and politician. De Poli was born in Treviso, Italy. De Poli was elected to a single term as a member of the Chamber of Deputies in 1968, representing Christian Democracy. 

He later was one of the founding leaders of the Cassamarca Foundation from 1992 to 2018. 

De Poli died on 22 July 2020, aged 90.

## References
Carlton Haselrig

**Carlton Lee Haselrig** (January 22, 1966 – July 22, 2020) was an American heavyweight wrestler and NFL player. Haselrig wrestled for University of Pittsburgh at Johnstown. Haselrig then moved on to professional football, where he played five seasons in the NFL. He played for the Pittsburgh Steelers and the New York Jets. Haselrig was born in Johnstown, Pennsylvania.

Haselrig died on July 22, 2020 in Johnstown, aged 54.

## References
Roland Desné

**Roland Desné** (24 April 1931 – 9 July 2020) was a French writer, philosopher, and historian. In the 1960's, he worked with Pierre Abraham to publish *Histoire litteraire de la France* published in 12 volumes by Éditions sociales.

Desné became involved with study and research for the Supreme Council of the Scottish Rite. In 1989, he helped organize the celebration of the 200th anniversary of the French Revolution.

Desné died in Paris on 9 July 2020 at the age of 89.

## References
Tom Mitchell (Irish politician)

**Thomas James Mitchell** (29 July 1931 – July 2020) was an Irish republican. He was active in the Irish Republican Army. While in jail he was twice elected as a Member of the United Kingdom Parliament, but was disqualified and his elections were not counted.

Mitchell died in July 2020, shortly before his 89th birthday.

## References
Stanley Robinson

**Stanley Earl Robinson** (July 14, 1988 – July 21, 2020) was an American professional basketball player. He last played for the Español de Talca of the Liga Nacional de Básquetbol de Chile. He was born in Birmingham, Alabama. From 2011 to 2012, he played for Iowa Energy. Robinson played college basketball with the Connecticut Huskies.

Robinson died on July 21, 2020, a week after his 32nd birthday, at his home in Birmingham.

## References
Chito Soganub

**Fr. Teresito "Chito" Suganob** (1960/1961 – July 22, 2020) was a Filipino Roman Catholic priest. 

He became well known after he was taken hostage by ISIL-linked Maute group militants during the earlier period of the Battle of Marawi in May 2017. Suganob along with a Dansalan College teacher who was also taken hostage escaped early morning of September 17, 2017 from their captors and were found by the military who rescued them near the Bato Ali mosque. 

Suganob was from Lambunao, Iloilo.

Suganob died from cardiac arrest on July 22, 2020 at the age of 59.

## References
Vivienne Westwood

**Dame Vivienne Isabel Westwood**  (née **Swire**; 8 April 1941 – 29 December 2022) was a British fashion designer, political activist and businesswoman. She is known for bringing modern punk and new wave fashions into the mainstream. Westwood was born in Tintwistle, Cheshire.

## References
Jos Bax

**Jos Bax** (29 March 1946 – July 2020) was a Dutch professional footballer. He played as a goalkeeper for RPC, Eindhoven, Helmond Sport, VVV, Overpelt and VOS. His career lasted from 1965 to 1976.

Bax died in July 2020, aged 74.

## References
Ralph Liguori

**Ralph Liguori** (October 10, 1926 – July 22, 2020) was an American racing driver. He was born in New York City.

He competed in the USAC Championship Car series from 1957 to 1971 making 61 starts. His best finish was 2nd place at the Indiana State Fairgrounds Speedway in 1970.  

Liguori competed in 76 NASCAR Grand National Series races in his career. He had 30 Top 10 and 5 Top 5 finishes in his career.

Liguori died on July 22, 2020 at the age of 93.

## References
Ragaa Al Geddawy

**Ragaa Al Geddawy** (; 6 September 1934 – 5 July 2020) was an Egyptian actress and model. Her career lasted for sixty years. She was born in Ismailia, Egypt. Her best known roles were as Amna's friend in the Academy Award-nominated movie ''The Nightingale's Prayer'' (1959) and as Samiha's friend in *A Rumor of Love* (1960).

Al Geddawy died on July 5, 2020 at a hospital in Ismailia from COVID-19, aged 85.

## References
Alexander Gusev (ice hockey)

**Alexander Vladimirovich Gusev** (; 21 January 1947 – 22 July 2020) was a Russian Soviet ice hockey player. He participated at the 1976 Winter Olympics in Innsbruck, where the Soviet team won the gold  medal. He was born in Moscow.

Vladimirovich Gusev died on 22 July 2020, aged 73. 

## References
Nawaf Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah

Sheikh **Nawaf Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah** ( *Nawaf al-Ahmad al-Jābir as-Sabāh*, 25 June 1937 – 16 December 2023) was the Emir of Kuwait following the death of Sabah Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber on 29 September 2020. He was the Deputy Commander of the Military of Kuwait. 

He was the half-brother of the Emir of Kuwait, Sabah Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah. 

Nawaf was nominated as Crown Prince on 7 February 2006 against the tradition of the Al-Sabah family. 
## Heath
On 29 November 2023, Nawaf was admitted to a hospital following an emergency health issue. 
## Death
He died on 16 December 2023 in Hawalli Governorate, Kuwait at the age of 86.

## References
Nadja West

**Nadja Yudith West** (née **Grammer**; March 20, 1961) is a retired United States Army lieutenant general. She was the 44th U.S. Army Surgeon General and former Commanding General of the U.S. Army Medical Command. West was born in Washington, D.C..

West, a physician, was the first black Army Surgeon General, and was the first black female active-duty major general and the first black female major general in Army Medicine. 

West is also the first Army black female lieutenant general. She is the highest ranking woman to have graduated from the United States Military Academy.

## References
Nadja Tiller

**Nadja Tiller** ( March 16,  1929 -21 February 2023) is an Austrian actress. She was one of the most popular Austrian actresses and was well known during the 1950s and 1960s. She was born in Vienna.

Her best known roles were *Ich suche Dich* (1955) and *Rosemary* (1958). She won the Miss Austria competition in 1949.

## References
Lahai

**Lahai** is a village in Pathanamthitta district, Kerala state,India.

## Language
Malayalam is the native language of Lahai.

## Geogrphy
Most of the regions in Lahai are covered by forest.

## Politics
Lahai is a part of Pathanamthitta Loksabha constituency. Mr. Anto Antony is the current Member of Parliament of the constituency.

## Economy
The major income of the people are from rubber cultivation.

## Weather
The climate of the place is moderate and pleasant. Tropical climate is prevailed here throughout the year. Significant rainfall occur in the months June, July and August.

## Transportation
The major transportation service of this place is provided by Kerala State Road Transport Corporation (KSRTC).

## References
John Schneider

**John Richard Schneider** (born April 8, 1960) is an American actor, screenwriter, producer, director and country music singer. He is best known for his role as Beauregard "Bo" Duke in the American television action/comedy series *The Dukes of Hazzard* and as Jonathan Kent in the TV series *Smallville*. He was born in Mount Kisco, New York.

## References
## Other websites
* 
*
Ichiyo Shimizu

**Ichiyo Shimizu** (清水市代, Shimizu Ichiyo, born January 9, 1969) is a Japanese women's professional shogi player ranked 7-dan. She became the first women's professional to be promoted to the rank of women's 6-dan and obtain 40 women titles. She is also the second women's professional to win 600 official games.
## JSA director
In May 2017, Shimizu became the first women to be elected as an executive director to the Japan Shogi Association's (JSA) board of directors. She was re-elected to a second two-year term in June 2019.

## Honors
Shimizu has received several awards in recognition of her accomplishments in shogi and contributions to the Japanese society.

* 1996, June: Minister of Education Award
* 1997, February: Tokyo Resident Culture Honor Award (Awarded by the Governor of Tokyo in recognition of cultural achievements)
* 2000, November: Higashimurayama, Tokyo Resident Honor Award
* 2008, August: Kurashiki Shogi Culture Honor Award
* 2009: 25 Years Service Award (Awarded by the JSA in recognition of being an active professional for twenty-five years)

## Title match records
The following tables are the summary of her achievements.

## References and notes
Polk County, North Carolina

**Polk County** is a county in the U.S. state of North Carolina. In 2020, 19,328 people lived there. Its county seat is Columbus.

## References
Christopher Mayer

**Christopher Mayer** (born **George Charles Mayer III**; February 21, 1954 – July 23, 2011), also known as **Chip Mayer**, was an American actor. He was best known for playing Vance Duke on *The Dukes of Hazzard* for 19 episodes during season 5.

Mayer was found dead in his Los Angeles home in Sherman Oaks on July 23, 2011 at the age of 57.

## References
The Dukes of Hazzard

***The Dukes of Hazzard*** is an American action-comedy television series that was aired on CBS from January 26, 1979 to February 8, 1985. The show aired for 147 episodes spanning seven seasons.

The show is about two young male cousins, Bo and Luke Duke, who live in Georgia and are on probation for moonshine-running. The young men and their friends and their female cousin Daisy Duke, and other family escape many times from corrupt law officers Boss Hogg and Sheriff Rosco P. Coltrane.

The series was inspired by the 1975 movie *Moonrunners*. The show was the plot for a movie of the same title in 2005.

The show starred Tom Wopat as Luke, John Schneider as Bo, Catherine Bach as Daisy, Denver Pyle as Jesse, Ben Jones as Cooter, James Best as Sheriff Rosco P. Coltrane, and Sorrell Booke as Boss Jefferson Davis "J.D." Hogg with Sonny Shroyer as Deputy Sheriff Enos.

## Other websites
* *The Dukes of Hazzard* official Facebook page
* 
* *The Dukes of Hazzard* at CMT.com
* Who sang the theme song and also served as the narrator on The Dukes of Hazzard?