open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Chondrosteidae

The **Chondrosteidae** are an extinct family of chondrosteans from the Lower Jurassic of Europe. They are closely related to sturgeons and paddlefish.

## Genera 
* †*Chondrosteus* Egerton, 1858 (*ex* Agassiz, 1834)
* †*Gyrosteus* Woodward, 1889 (*ex* Agassiz, 1834)
* †*Strongylosteus* Jaekel, 1931

## References 
# Louis Agassiz (1833–43). *Recherches sur les Poissons Fossiles, Tome I*. Imprimerie de Petitpierre, Neuchâtel. pp. 1–188.
# Hornung, Jahn J.; Sachs, Sven (2020). "First record of *Gyrosteus mirabilis* (Actinopterygii, Chondrosteidae) from the Toarcian (Lower Jurassic) of the Baltic region". *PeerJ*.
# Hilton, Eric J. (2009). "Redescription of Chondrosteus acipenseroides Egerton, 1858 (Acipenseriformes, Chondrosteidae) from the Lower Lias of Lyme Regis (Dorset, England), with comments on the early evolution of sturgeons and paddlefishes". *ResearchGate*.

'']]

## Other websites 
* Data related to  at Wikidata
2010s in Shumang Kumhei

This article is about the notable events, related to Shumang Kumhei (), also known as Shumang Leela (), a traditional Meitei theatrical art form, happened in 2010s.

## Events 
### 2014 
* **30 January**: 11th Shumang Leela Ningtham Kumei () was organized by Manipur State Shumang Leela Council at Iboyaima Shumang Leela Sanglen, with the participation of 13 different Shumang Leela Artist groups.
### 2016 
* **7 February**: Comedian Oinam Babu, better known as Ipom Babu, was remembered on his 85th birth anniversary, at Iboyaima Shumang Leela Shanglen, organised by the Shumang Leela Council and his family members.
### 2017 
* **11 February**: *"Pakhang No. 1"*, a Special Show by Iramdam Manipur Artist Association (IMAA) at 45th All Manipur Shumang Leela Festival 2016-17, organized by Manipur State Kala Akademi, Imphal, at Iboyaima Shumang Leela Shanglen, Konung Mamang in Imphal.

### 2019 
* **7 March**: In the 47th All Manipur Shumang Leela Festival, 2018-2019, *Iramdam Manipur Artist Association (IMMA)* performed a play named *Nipalsuba Mapok* at Iboyaima Shumang Leela Shanglen, Imphal.
* **10 April**: Manipur State Shumang Leela Council gave the Iboyaima Award for the year 2019 to AK Bengol, a Shumang Leela director and artist.
* **15 July**: Ching Tam United Women's Association organized a five-day long performance of 3rd Nupi Moirang Parva Festival at Iboyaima Shumang Leela Shanglen, Palace Compound in Imphal.

## References
Syr Darya sturgeon

The **Syr Darya sturgeon** (*Pseudoscaphirhynchus fedtschenkoi*) is a species of sturgeon native to Kazakhstan, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan. There is a very small number of individuals, so it could probably be "extinct". It is from the genus *Pseudoscaphirhynchus*.

IUCN lists this fish as a critically endangered species. Before, it used to live in the Aral Sea, but that lake has dried up already.

## References 
# Mugue, N. & Karimov, B. (2022). "*Pseudoscaphirhynchus fedtschenkoi*". *IUCN Red List of Threatened Species*.
# "*Pseudoscaphirhynchus fedtschenkoi*". FishBase.
Madhavpur Ghed

**Madhavpur (Ghed)** is a culturally significant village located on the seashore in the Porbandar district of Gujarat, India. It is known for its association with the folklore of Krishna marrying Rukmini at this location, which is commemorated annually by a fair and the presence of the Madhavrai Temple. The village is governed by the Madhavpur Gram Panchayat.

## Madhavrai Temple 
The village is home to a temple dedicated to Lord Madhavrai, a form of Krishna. The original 15th-century temple was damaged during invasions, but its remains are still visible. A new temple adjacent to the old structure is now used for worship.

## Annual Fair 
An annual five-day fair is held in Madhavpur to celebrate the marriage of Krishna and Rukmini. It begins on the day of Ram Navami and features a colorful chariot procession through the village, accompanied by dancing and the playful throwing of colors.

## Vallabhacharya's Bethak 
Madhavpur is also known for being one of the 84 seats (*Bethak*) of Vallabhacharya, the founder of the Pushtimarg sect of Vaishnavism. This particular Bethak is the 66th of Vallabhacharya's 84 Bethaks.

## References
Rama Navami

**Rama Navami** () is a major Hindu festival that celebrates the birth of Lord Rama, the seventh avatar of Vishnu. Observed on the ninth day of the bright half (*Shukla Paksha*) of the lunar month of Chaitra (March–April), it falls during the spring festival of Chaitra Navaratri. Rama is revered as an ideal king and human, celebrated for his righteousness and virtue.

The festival is marked by devotional practices such as puja, fasting, recitations from the Ramayana, bhajans (devotional songs), and community meals. Major celebrations take place in the city of Ayodhya, the birthplace of Rama, as well as in temples across India.

## Rituals 
Devotees observe various rituals, including vrata (fasting) and offerings to infant Rama, often placing an image of him in a cradle. Processions of chariots (*ratha yatras*) featuring Rama, Sita, Lakshmana, and Hanuman are organized in various locations. Temples are decorated, and the day is filled with chanting, singing, and spiritual discourses.

## References
Lee Eun-kyung

**Lee Eun-kyung** (born 15 July 1972) is a South Korean archer. Lee competed at the 1992 Summer Olympics.

## References
Lee Han-sup

**Lee Han-Sup** (born April 30, 1966) is a South Korean archer. Lee competed at the 1988 Summer Olympics.

## References
Lee Sung-jin

**Lee Sung-jin** (born March 7, 1985) is a South Korean archer. Lee competed at the 2004 Summer Olympics and the 2012 Summer Olympics.

## References
Ratha Yatra

**Ratha Yatra** (), also known as the chariot festival, is an annual religious procession where deities, most commonly Jagannath, Balabhadra, and Subhadra, are paraded on grand wooden chariots (*rathas*) through the streets. The most famous Ratha Yatra takes place in Puri, Odisha, at the Jagannath Temple, and is celebrated by millions of devotees.

The term *Ratha Yatra* comes from two Sanskrit words: *Ratha* (chariot) and *Yatra* (pilgrimage or journey). The festival typically occurs during the month of Ashadha (June–July), with significant celebrations in Puri, as well as in places like Ahmedabad, Bangladesh, and Nepal. In addition, Hindu communities in countries like Singapore and the UK also organize similar processions.

## Significance 
Ratha Yatra is a joyous event where deities leave the sanctum of their temples, symbolizing their visit to the devotees and the world outside. The festival brings together large communities to celebrate, marking its cultural and religious importance. The chariots are decorated elaborately, and the procession is accompanied by singing, dancing, and chanting by the devotees.

The Puri Ratha Yatra has inspired the English term "juggernaut," referring to an unstoppable force due to the sheer size and momentum of the chariots.

## Historical references 
Medieval Indian texts, such as the Puranas, mention Ratha Yatra celebrations for various deities, including Surya (the Sun god), Devi (the Mother goddess), and Vishnu. Fa-Hien, a Chinese traveler who visited India in the 5th century CE, described the grandeur of these processions.

## References
Oh Jin-hyek

**Oh Jin-hyek** (born 15 August 1981) is a South Korean archer. Oh competed at the 2012 Summer Olympics and the 2020 Summer Olympics.

## References
Park Kyung-mo

**Park Kyung-mo** (born August 15, 1975) is a South Korean archer. Park competed at the 2004 Summer Olympics and the 2008 Summer Olympics.

## References
Park Sung-soo

**Park Sung-soo** (born May 19, 1970 died August 27, 2025) is a South Korean archer. Park competed at the 1988 Summer Olympics.

## References
## Other websites
*
Fugly (movie)

***Fugly*** (or *"F*UGLY"*, as shown on the poster) is a 2014 Indian movie in the Hindi language. It is a comedy, drama, and social thriller. The movie was made by director Kabir Sadanand and producers Ashvini Yardi and Alka Bhatia. It came out on 13 June 2014. The movie has actors Jimmy Sheirgill, Mohit Marwah, Vijender Singh, Arfi Lamba and Kiara Advani. It was Kiara Advani’s first movie.

## References 
## Other websites
* 
*
Takeshi Morishima

(born October 15, 1978) is a Japanese former professional wrestler.

Morishima is known for his time wrestling in All Japan Pro Wrestling (AJPW), Pro Wrestling Noah, Ring of Honor (ROH) and Lucha Libre AAA Worldwide (AAA). He also had a tryout and dark match for World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE).

During his career, Morishima would hold many championships. In Noah, he was a three-time GHC Heavyweight Champion and a five-time GHC Tag Team Champion, in ROH, he was a one-time ROH World Champion, and in AAA, he was a one-time AAA World Tag Team Champion.

In April 2015, Morishima was scheduled to wrestle in the 2015 Global Tag League but could not compete because he had suffered an injury. Results of bloodwork he had done revealed that Morishima had a high glycated hemoglobin which was thought to be diabetes. Doctors suggested that Morishima never wrestle again and he would decide to.retire from in-ring competition afterwards. Morishima would later say that his retirement was more because he was in a terrible shape both physical and mentally. He made an attempt to return to the ring in late 2018 but had to cancel because he needed surgery for Arthritis in his foot.

On November 4, 2018, Morishima would get into legal trouble. He would be arrested after punching a taxi driver in the face and breaking his cheekbones after not paying his fare.

## References 
## Other websites
Lee Seung-yun

**Lee Seung-yun** (born 18 April 1995) is a South Korean archer. Lee competed at the 2016 Summer Olympics.

## References
Marc Striednig

**Marc Striednig** (born February 27, 2006 in Salzburg) is an Austrian football player. He plays as midfielder for the 2. League club FC Liefering. He also plays for FC Red Bull Salzburg U19 in the UEFA Youth League.
## Career 
Striednig began his career at FC Red Bull Salzburg. Then he played in the academy in all levels. For the 2024/25 season he moved into the squad of the farm team FC Liefering. 

He made his professional debut  in September 2024. He came on as a substitute for Valentin Sulzbacher verss SV Horn. 
## International 
Striednig made his debut for the Austrian U-18 team in November 2023 against Finland. In September 2024 he played for the U-19 team for the first time. 

## References
Trishneet Arora

**Trishneet Arora** (born 2 November 1993, Ludhiana, Punjab) is the founder and CEO of TAC Security, a cybersecurity company . Despite dropping out of school, he has become a sought-after expert in the field . Arora was named in Forbes 30 Under 30 Asia 2018 and Fortune India’s 40 Under 40 list in 2019 . In 2024, he was listed among the Top 10 youngest Indian billionaires on the Hurun Rich List with a net worth of $130 million (Rs 1,100 crore) .

## Personal life 
Trishneet also invest in startups as an angel investor. In 2020 invested in online gaming company Oneiric.

## References
Frank Guiller

**Frank Guiller** (born 1959) is a Cuban-American artist who emerged during the post-revolutionary period, influenced by the Socialist realism style, which idealized life under socialism.

## Education 
Guiller studied fine arts and photography at the San Alejandro School of Art in Havana from 1980 to 1984, Mercy College in the Bronx from 1989 to 1992, and Parsons School of Design in New York from 1992 to 1993. He also completed workshops and courses in photography, printmaking, and graphic design.

## Career 
Guiller has participated in many group and solo art exhibitions in the United States, Latin America, and other parts of the world. He has shown his work in places like New York, Miami, Ohio, China and Spain. Some of his group exhibitions include "Past Forward" (2019) at El Barrio Art Space in New York, "An Island Apart" (2016) at The Frank Museum of Art in Ohio, and "Unbroken Ties" (2011) in Michigan.

His solo exhibitions, include "Revelations of Identity" in 2018 at the William V. Musto Museum in New Jersey and "Portraits" in 2017 at the Musto Museum.

## Selected Group Exhibitions 
* 2019: *Past Forward*, El Barrio Art Space, New York
* 2018: *Common View Photography*, Maggi Peyton Art Gallery, NY
* 2017: *Utopias*, Curatorial Projects & Project Art Space, NY
* 2016: *An Island Apart: Cuban Artist in Exile*, The FRANK Museum of Art, OH
* 2015: *Boricuba, Pictures of New York*, The Clemente Soto Vélez Gallery Center, NY
* 2013: *HumanScape*, 17 Frost Cultural Center, Brooklyn, NY
* 2011: *Unbroken Ties: Dialogues in Cuban Art*, Michigan

## Selected Solo Exhibitions 
* 2018: *Revelations of Identity*, William V. Musto Museum, New Jersey
* 2017: *Portraits*, Musto Museum, New Jersey
* 1998: *Monotype Impressions on Paper*, Art Center 4106, New Jersey
* 1997: *Monotype y Photography*, Art Center 4106, New Jersey

## Style 
Guiller's work has been influenced by his early training in the Socialist Realism style, but he later developed his own approach. He often explores themes of identity, exile, and urban life in his photography.

## References
Pipelining

In computer science, pipelining is a technique used to improve the speed of processes by overlapping the execution of multiple steps in a system, often within a CPU or in parallel computing. The term is most commonly associated with CPU instruction pipelines, but it can also apply to other areas, such as network data processing or graphics rendering.

## Key concepts 
### Instruction Pipeline (in CPUs) 
*Modern processors divide the execution of a machine instruction into several stages such as fetching the instruction, decoding it, executing it, and writing the result back to memory. 
*By pipelining, the CPU can work on multiple instructions simultaneously, with each stage handling a different part of an instruction at the same time, leading to improved throughput.

### Stages of a Typical Instruction Pipeline
*Fetch (F): Retrieve the instruction from memory.
*Decode (D): Interpret the instruction and determine the required actions.
*Execute (E): Perform the operation (e.g., arithmetic, memory access).
*Memory Access (M): Load or store data if needed.
*Write-back (W): Store the result in the appropriate location (e.g., register).

### Hazards 
*Data hazards: Occur when instructions depend on the results of previous ones.
*Control hazards: Occur due to branching and jumping in the program.
*Structural hazards: Happen when multiple instructions require the same resources at the same time.

### Parallelism 
Pipelining exploits instruction-level parallelism by executing different parts of multiple instructions in parallel, as long as those instructions are independent of each other.

## Other types  
*Pipeline in Data Processing: Used to process streams of data where each step in the pipeline performs a part of the task (e.g., stages in data packet processing in networks).
*Graphics Pipeline: In graphics rendering, different stages like vertex processing, pixel shading, and rasterization are performed in a pipeline to render images efficiently.

Pipelining is a basic concept for improving system performance by breaking down processes into smaller, sequential steps that can be executed in parallel or with overlap.
Geneviève Laloz

**Geneviève Maria Laloz** with marriage name **Jacques** (15 October 1898 - 2 June 1986) was a French football player and track and field athlete during the 1920s, the early era of women's athletics. She was specialized in the hurdles and sprint events. She represented France at international comptitions and won medals at the 1922 Women's Olympiad and at the Women's World Games in 1922 and 1926. 

Laloz was world record holder in the 83 m hurdles, 110 m hurdles and 4 x 75 metres relay and 10 x 100 metres relay. 

## Biography
### Personal life
Laloz was the daughter of Auguste Joseph Laloz, , and Virginie Laure Vallée. Geneviève Laloz had four sister. who also competed in athletics. Most known was , but also her sisters Marguerite, Christiane and Paulette competed in athletics. Laloz married to René Louis Gustave Jacques in Boulogne-Billancourt in 1928. In 1926, she competed at the 1926 Women's World Games in Gothenburg and won the silver medal in the 4 × 110 yards relay together with Louise Bellon, Yolande Plancke and Marguerite Radideau.

### Football
As a football player, Laloz played with En Avant and became national champion with her club. She was also a member of the France women's national football team.

## References
Mixed-use development

]]
 in Arlington, Virginia, part of the Baltimore-Washington metropolitan area, is transit-oriented, mixed-use and densified, giving a "downtown" feel in an edge city.]]
, North Macedonia]]
**Mixed use** is a type of urban , urban design, urban planning and/or a zoning class that mixes multiple uses. That way there may be shops, restaurants or a cinema at the ground floor of an apartment building, for example.These functions are to some degree physically and functionally mixed, and the building provides pedestrian connections. Mixed-use development may also be applied to a block or neighborhood, or in zoning policy across an entire city or town. A mixed-use development may be a new construction. Sometimes, it reuses an existing building or brownfield site, or it is a combination.

## References
Marija Križ

**Marija Križ** (born 1906) was a Yugoslavian track and field athlete who was specialized in the discus throw. She was a pioneer in women's sports in Yugoslavia being active during the 1920s. Križ was the national record holder in discus throw and represented Yugoslavia at internationaly.

Križ' best achievement was when she represented Yugoslavia at the 1926 Czechoslovakia–France–Yugoslavia women's athletics match in Prague on 2 July 1926. At this meeting she improved the Yugoslavian discus throw record with a distance of 29.91 meters.

Križ is named in the 2012 pulbished history of "*Slovene Women in the Modern Era*" by the National Museum of Contemporary History, and is seen as a prominent women's athlete in her era.

## References
KK theory

In math, the **KK theory** is a theory where there's a fifth dimension, instead of only 4 (time, depth, width, length). It was introduced by Russian mathematician Gennadi Kasparov in 1980.

{\displaystyle [F,\rho (a)],(F^{2}-1)\rho (a),(F-F^{*})\rho (a)}

## References
Emīlija Krūmiņa

**Emīlija Valija Krūmiņa** (born c. 1900s) was a Latvian track and field athlete. She was specialized in the middle-distance, but also competed in the 400 metres sprint and high jump. She was a pioneer in Latvian women's athletics active during the 1920s, the early era of women's athletics.

Krumina was one of the four athletes who represented Latvia at the 1926 Women's World Games in Gothenburg. Krūmiņa was the flag bearer for Latvia during the opening ceremony. She competed in the 1000 metres event.

In 1928 she was the best Latvian athlete in the 1000 meters with a time of 3:27.9. Her 400 metres in 1928 was 1:07.6, with only Julija Khmizovska being faster. She was with a height of 1.35 meters in the high jump ranked third behind Julija Khmizovska and Smurge.

## References
## Other websites
*Image, as member of the relay team (second right with number 4)
* Image of Krūmiņa at the 1926 Women's World Games opening ceremony (front row, second right with #3 visible)
* Krumina during the 1000 meters at the 1926 Women's World Games
Chandigarh Kare Aashiqui

***Chandigarh Kare Aashiqui*** (,  ; ) is an Indian love comedy movie. It first came out on 10 December 2021 and can now be watched on Netflix. The movie was directed by Abhishek Kapoor, and it stars Ayushmann Khurrana and Vaani Kapoor.

This movie is about a love couple, and the groom learns that the bride he is dating with is transgender. At first, he gets mad at her, but later in the movie he begins learning about transgender women and toward the end of the movie he understands her. The two later accepted to be with each other. Both actors got good praise for their performances.

## References
## Other websites
* 
* Chandigarh Kare Aashiqui at Bollywood Hungama
Hyloxalus chlorocraspedus

***Hyloxalus chlorocraspedus*** is a frog.  It lives in Brazil and Peru.

## Home
Scientists saw this frog on ground in forests that had never been cut down. Mostly, they found it in open places where a tree had fallen down, making room in the leaves for sunlight to come through to the ground.

## Reproduction
Scientists think the female frog lays eggs on the ground, but they have not seen female *Hyloxalus chlorocraspedus* do this. After the eggs hatch, the adult frog carries the tadpoles to water, for example water in the trunk of a dead tree. Scientists saw a male frog with tadpoles on his back.

## Danger
Scientists do not know whether this frog is dying out.

## First paper
*

## References
Krishnaism

**Krishnaism** refers to a collection of Hindu traditions (*sampradayas*) that mainly focus on the worship of Krishna as *Svayam Bhagavan* (the Supreme God), considered the source of all reality, as opposed to being merely an avatar of Vishnu. This term is often used in academic discussions to distinguish Krishna-centered worship from other forms of Vaishnavism, such as Sri Vaishnavism, Ramaism, or Radhaism.

## History and Origins 
Krishnaism is believed to have originated in the late centuries BCE through the followers of the heroic deity, Vāsudeva Krishna. Over time, this tradition amalgamated with the worship of the "divine child" Bala Krishna and the Gopala-Krishna traditions, giving rise to the monotheistic school known as Bhagavatism.

During the early centuries CE, these non-Vedic traditions aligned with Vedic practices to gain recognition from the orthodox establishment. The teachings of the Bhagavad Gita are often considered one of the first expressions of Krishnaite theology.

## Key Scriptures 
The key scriptures that guide Krishnaism include:

* Bhagavad Gita
* Bhagavata Purana
* Harivamsa (an appendix to the Mahabharata)
* Brahma Vaivarta Purana
* Garga Samhita

These texts emphasize the devotional worship (*bhakti*) of Krishna, the supremacy of Krishna as God, and the pursuit of a personal relationship with the deity.

## Distinction from Vaishnavism 
Krishnaism differs from other Vaishnava traditions, which generally regard Krishna as an avatar of Vishnu. In Krishnaism, Krishna is seen as the original, highest form of God, or *Svayam Bhagavan*. Krishnaites, therefore, do not necessarily subscribe to the Vishnu-centric view found in other Vaishnava traditions such as Sri Vaishnavism and Ramaism.

## Bhakti Movement 
Krishnaism gained momentum during the Bhakti movement in medieval India. Bhakti poets like Meera Bai expressed their devotion to Krishna in personal and emotive ways, often disregarding formal religious institutions.

## Forms of Worship 
Worship within Krishnaism is centered on:

* Devotion to Krishna as the Supreme Being
* Practices of *bhakti yoga* (devotion through love and service)
* Worship of Krishna in various forms: as a child (Bala Krishna), as a youthful lover (Gopala), or as the charioteer of Arjuna in the Bhagavad Gita.

## Related pages 
* Vaishnavism
* Bhagavata Purana
* Bhakti movement
* Meera Bai
* Radha-Krishna

## References 
## Other websites 
* Krishna.com – Official website for Krishna-related content
* Smithsonian Institution's collection of Krishna art
Padum Pukhuri

**Padum Pukhuri** is a pond in Tezpur, Sonitpur, Assam. 

It enhances the beauty of the Tezpur Town to an envisage of romance. The pond get blooms lotus flowers every year during the month of April to August in a large numbers which carries a nostalgic view in very every year from which it has derived its name Padum Pukhuri.

In the middle their lies a tiny Island decorated as a park and a colourful musical fountain is also added significances of decorative moods to visitors and its beauty is cherished. There is a statue of Charles Alexander Bruce the father of Tea in Assam. A beautiful electric Toy Train, Speed Boat is an added attraction for tourists. (Entrance opposite Ramkrishna Seva Ashram).  Tezpur is a cultural capital city of Assam, many tourists and children visits regular for enjoying natural pleasure in this children Park of Padum Pukhuri. 

The pond stands Nearby Electricity Main Office which is also very close to it.  

Now, in 2024 the bank of pond is also being protected by implementing some civil works by establishing stones spars with wire netting cages.
Bala Krishna

**Bala Krishna** (, *Bālakṛṣṇa*, lit. 'child Krishna/divine child Krishna') or **Bala Gopala** refers to the boyhood form of the Hindu deity Krishna. Worship of Bala Krishna is one of the earliest forms of devotion in Krishnaism and Vaishnavism sects.

## Legend 
Krishna was born as the eighth son of Devaki and Vasudeva, destined to defeat his tyrannical uncle Kamsa, the king of Mathura. Upon his birth in a prison, Krishna instructed his father to take him to Vraja, where he would be raised by his foster parents, Yashoda and Nanda, in the settlement of Gokulam. He spent his early childhood with his brother Balarama, growing up among the cowherds of Gokulam.

## Childhood Tales 
As a toddler, Bala Krishna is most recognized for his mischievous activities, particularly his fondness for stealing butter from the families of Gokulam. Butter, in devotional traditions, is often seen as a metaphor for love—abundant and non-quantifiable. His playful activities, or *līlā*, include untying cows, teasing children, and challenging social norms, all of which reflect his divine connection with the world.

### Miraculous Feats 
Bala Krishna’s divine nature is also demonstrated through miraculous feats. After learning of his birth, his uncle Kamsa sent various demons (*asuras*) to kill him. However, Krishna effortlessly defeated them:

* **Putana**, a shapeshifting demoness, attempted to kill Krishna by offering him her poisoned breast, but Krishna sucked the life out of her.
* **Bakasura**, a demon in the form of a crane, tried to swallow Krishna but was killed when Krishna split his beak.
* **Aghasura**, a serpent demon, swallowed Krishna and his friends, but Krishna expanded in size, bursting Aghasura from within.

## Symbolism and Worship 
Bala Krishna symbolizes the divine playfulness of God and his intimate connection with the devotees. His childhood antics are seen not merely as pranks but as expressions of divine love and grace. Devotees believe that Krishna’s līlā brings them closer to experiencing God in a more personal and loving manner.

In many homes and temples, Bala Krishna is worshipped in the form of a small idol, often depicted holding a ball of butter. The festival of Janmashtami, celebrating Krishna’s birth, is one of the most important holidays in his worship.

## Related pages 
* Krishna
* Gopala Krishna
* Yashoda
* Krishnaism
* Bhagavata Purana

## References 
## Other websites 
* The Krishna Story: The Bala Krishna Episode
* Krishna: Britannica Article
Optare Spectra

The **Optare Spectra** was a double-decker body of a bus. It had a step-entrance or a low-floor. It was made from 1991 to 2006 by Optare.

The Spectra body was built on the step entrance DAF DB250 chassis and low-floor DB250LF chassis.

## Optare Spectra (step-entrance)
The Optare Spectra was a double-decker body of a bus. It had a step-entrance. It was made from 1991 to 1997 by Optare.

The Spectra body was built on the step entrance DAF DB250 chassis.

## Optare Spectra (low-floor) 
The Optare Spectra was a double-decker body of a bus. It had a low-floor. It was made from 1997 to 2006 by Optare.

The Spectra body was built on the low-floor DAF DB250LF chassis.

## Gallery 

File:MARCHANTS Cheltenham - Flickr - secret coach park (9).jpg|DAF DB250 with Optare Spectra bodywork in 2014
File:Velvet Bus 131 L131 ELJ rear.JPG|DAF DB250 with Optare Spectra bodywork rear in 2011
File:20171104-2way-W161RFX.jpg|DAF DB250LF with Optare Spectra bodywork in 2017
File:Damory Coaches 3177 HJ02 WDL rear.JPG|DAF DB250LF with Optare Spectra bodywork rear in 2012

## Related pages
*List of buses

## References
## Other websites
Optare Vecta

The **Optare Vecta** was a single-deck body of a bus. It had a step entrance. It was made from 1991 to 1997 by Optare.

The Vecta body was built on the MAN 11.190 chassis.

The front of the Vecta was used on Optare's Spectra double-decker bus.

## References
## Other websites
Dargins

**Dargins** or **Dargwa** (Дарганти.  Darganty) are a Caucasian ethnic group native predominantly to southern Dagestan and southern Russia, and speak the Dargwa language. Their social structure is firmly based on equality and deference to individuality.
## Diaspora 
## References
Charlotte Dujardin

**Charlotte Susan Jane Dujardin**  (born 13 July 1985) is a British dressage rider and equestrian. She has been a World and Olympic winner many times. She is a powerful dressage rider of her era, She was the first to have a complete set of dressage titles at the same time. She has won six Olympic medals. She also has three gold medals. She is tied with cyclist Laura Kenny as Britain's female Olympian with many medals. However, Dujardin went out of the 2024 Summer Olympics after being not able to because of animal cruelty.

## Early life
Charlotte Dujardin was born in Enfield. She grew up in Leighton Buzzard, Bedfordshire. She started riding horses as a two-year-old. When she was three, she won second place at her first Pony Club show jumping competition. Later, her mother bought and sold ponies for her daughters.

As a child, Dujardin was diagnosed with dyslexia.
She went to Vandyke Upper School in Leighton Buzzard. She later said, "I didn't really go to school that much". She left school at 16.

Dujardin won the *Horse of the Year Show* competition four times. was a winner at *All England Jumping Course at Hickstead* three times.

## Career
Dujardin did dressage with a horse that she bought. On 19 April 2015, in Las Vegas, Dujardin and Valegro won the FEI World Cup. They got a score of 94.169% on the last day of the competition.  This was their fourth World Title. They are the only pair to have ever held four world titles.

In 2019, Dujardin was taken out of the Longines FEI European Championships after blood was found on her horse, Mount St John.

### Olympics
Dujardin and Valegro were picked to represent Great Britain at the 2012 Summer Olympics. On 7 August 2012, Charlotte and Valegro were a part of the British team. The team won the gold medal in the team dressage event.

Dujardin and Valegro also won double gold medals for themselves at the 2016 Rio Olympics, making her the first British woman to retain an Olympic title for herself.

On 14 December 2016, Dujardin retired Valegro at age 14 after finishing a freestyle test.

## International Championship results
### Animal cruelty
On 23 July 2024, Dujardin pulled out of competing at the 2024 Summer Olympics in Paris after a video emerged of her whipping a horse during training over and over. She was shortly taken out from competition.

Dujardin said that she was "deeply ashamed" and the problem "was completely out of character and does not reflect how I train my horses or teach my students". She was on the Netflix show *Free Rein*.

## Personal life
Her then-fiancé Dean Golding wore a shirt that said, "Can we get married now?" after she won the gold medal at the *Rio Olympics*. On 6 March 2023, Dujardin gave birth to a daughter.

## Related pages
* Natasha Baker – para-dressage rider and equestrian
* Hiroshi Hoketsu – dressage rider and equestrian
* Nicole Uphoff – dressage rider and equestrian

## References
## Other websites
* 
*
Aero (chocolate bar)

**Aero** is a brand of chocolate bar. They are chocolate bars that have been filled with foam which cause the bar to be filled with bubbles because of it being aerated. Aero is owned by Nestlé.

The chocolate bar was created by Rowntree's and it would be launched it in 1935. A mint version called a Peppermint Aero would later be launched in 1959.

The making of Aero bars stopped when World War II broke out and would return after the war was finished. When they returned, they focused they attention to selling chocolate for everybody. To do this, the company had commissioned oil paintings to be created of fourth women doing everyday things. These women would then come to be known as the "Aero girls" and a search was later done to try and find the women who had posed for the painting so the company could better portray its history to the public.

Beyond than the United Kingdom, Aero bars are also sold in Ireland, Canada, Australia, Germany, South Africa, and Japan.

Aside the original, Aero is also sold in different varieties such as a Chunky bar, chocolate ball versions called Aero Bubbles, and a bar with piece of biscuit in it called Aero Biscuit. They also sell a mousse, drinks, ice cream, and a McFlurry flavour at McDonald's.

## References 
## Other websites
*
Alabama Senate

The **Alabama Senate** is the upper house of the Alabama Legislature, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Florida, the Alabama House of Representatives being the lower house. The Senate is made of 35 members, each elected from a single-member district with a population of about 125,000 people.

, Republicans hold the majority in the chamber with 27 seats; Democrats are in the minority with 6 seats.

## References
Plaxton Cheetah

The **Plaxton Cheetah** is a body of a minibus and a minicoach. It was built from 1997 to 2014 by Plaxton.

## Plaxton Cheetah 1 
The first generation Plaxton Cheetah 1 was a body of a minibus. It was built from 1997 to 2000 by Plaxton.

The Plaxton Cheetah body was built on the Mercedes-Benz Vario chassis.

## Plaxton Cheetah 2 
The second generation Plaxton Cheetah 2 was a body of a minibus. It was built from 2000 to 2014 by Plaxton.

The Plaxton Cheetah 2 body was built on the Mercedes-Benz Vario chassis.

## Plaxton Cheetah XL 
The Plaxton Cheetah XL is a body of a minicoach. It was built from 2015 to 2019 by Plaxton.

The Cheetah XL was made as a replacement for the second generation Cheetah 2.

The Cheetah XL body was built on the Mercedes-Benz Atego chassis.

In 2019, Plaxton stopped making the Cheetah XL because of poor sales.

## Gallery

File:Grey Cars KUB97.jpg|Mercedes-Benz Vario with standard Plaxton Cheetah 1 bodywork
File:Bus img 7309 (16155249658).jpg|Mercedes-Benz Vario with custom-made  Plaxton Cheetah 1 bodywork
File:Scaggs Coaches DX09LAA (9127923854).jpg|Mercedes-Benz Vario with Plaxton Cheetah 2 bodywork
File:AE65 BTF (47310427351) (cropped).jpg|Mercedes-Benz Atego with Cheetah XL bodywork

## Notes
## References
## Other websites
*
*Cheetah XL Brochure Plaxton
Lyle and Erik Menendez

**Joseph Lyle Menéndez** (born January 10, 1968) and **Erik Galen Menéndez** (born November 27, 1970), are American brothers and convicted murderers. They were both convicted for first-degree murder after they killed their parents José and Mary Louise "Kitty" Menéndez in 1989. 

## Murder
On August 20, 1989, Lyle and Erik entered their mansion and shot their parents to death while they were watching television. They used 12-gauge shotguns; shooting their father José six times and their mother Mary ten times. After the murders, the brothers would answer police questions and tell them that they went to a movie theatre to see *Batman* and attended the "Taste of L.A." festival. They would spend a lot of money on expensive luxury items and vacationed in many different countries.

The brothers would eventually be caught after Erik confessed to the murders to his psychologist. Lyle would be arrested first on March 8, 1990 and Erik would later turn himself into police on March 11 after arriving in Los Angeles from Israel.

## Trials
The first trial happened in 1993 and was very popular on television channel CourtTV at the time.

Their lawyer Leslie Abramson said that their father José was a pedophile that was both mentally and sexually abusive towards them. Abramson also said their mother was an alcoholic, drug addicted enabler and that these factors were why the Menendez brother murdered their parents. Two cousins Andy Cano and Diane Vander Molen both supported the claims.

The lawyer for the prosecution said that Lyle and Erik murdered their parents for financial gain and their parent's large inheritance.

The jury would deadlock twice and it was announced that the brothers would be retried. In the second trial, the claims of sexual abuse were only allowed limited testimony by Judge Stanley Weisberg. The jury was also not allowed to vote for charges of manslaughter instead of murder. On July 2, 1996, The second trial would end with the judge convicting Lyle and Erik Menéndez of two counts of first-degree murder and conspiracy to murder. They would end up being sentenced to life in prison without the chance of parole.

They were both separated and sent to two different prisons. On April 4, 2018, the two were reunited for the first time in 20 years when Lyle was moved to the R.J. Donovan Correctional Facility in San Diego where Erik was incarcerated.

On October 24, 2024, Los Angeles District Attorney George Gascón announced that he was asking the court to resentence the case.

## References
Seo Hyang-soon

**Seo Hyang-soon** (born July 8, 1967) is a South Korean archer. Seo competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics.

## References
Wang Hee-kyung

**Wang Hee-kyung** (born July 16, 1970) is a South Korean archer. Wang competed at the 1988 Summer Olympics.

## References
## Other websites
*
Yoon Hye-young

**Yoon Hye-young** (born March 15, 1977) is a South Korean archer. Yoon competed at the 1996 Summer Olympics.

## References
## Other websites
*
Oghenetejiri Adejenughure

**Oghenetejiri Adejenughure** (born February 4, 2007) is an Austrian footballer. He plays as forward for FC Liefering in the Austrian Second league.
## Career 
Adejenughure started his career at First Vienna FC. In September 2018 he moved to SK Rapid Vienna. In February 2021 he moved to the FC Red Bull Salzburg academy. There he went through all age levels. For the 2024/25 season Adejenughure moved into the squad of FC Liefering.   He made his debut in the 2nd league in August 2024 . He came in as a substitute for Tim Trummer in the 81st minute against First Vienna FC. 
## International 
Adejenughure played for an Austrian youth national team for the first time in November 2021. In 2024 he took part in the European Championships with the U-17 team.  Adejenughure played in all four of the Austrians' games and scored four goals. In September 2024 he debuted for the U19 team in a friendly match versus Belgium. 

## References
Cedar Holdings Group

**Cedar Holdings Group** is a Chinese holding company active in six business sectors:
* Gongtongyun Supply Chain Group
* Chemical Industry Group
* Cedar Culture & Tourism Group
* King vision Group
* Community Ecological Operation Group
* Financial Services Group

Cedar also controls two A-share listed companies: Qixiang Tengda and Sinoer.

## References
## Other websites
*
Yun Mi-jin

**Yun Mi-jin** (born April 30, 1983) is a South Korean archer. Yun competed at the 2000 Summer Olympics and the 2004 Summer Olympics.

## References
Yun Ok-hee

**Yun Ok-hee** (born 1 March 1985) is a South Korean archer. Yun competed at the 2008 Summer Olympics.

## References
Park Young-sook

**Park Young-sook** (born 4 August 1960) is a South Korean retired archer. Park competed at the 1988 Summer Olympics.

## References
Miguel Alvariño

**Miguel Alvariño Garcia** (born 31 May 1994) is a Spanish archer. Alvariño competed at the 2016 Summer Olympics.

## References
Daniel Castro

**Daniel Castro Barcala** (born 19 April 1997) is a Spanish archer. Castro competed at the 2020 Summer Olympics.

## References
Elías Cuesta

**Elías Cuesta Cobo** (born 15 March 1985) is a Spanish archer. Cuesta competed at the 2012 Summer Olympics.

## References
Highway Star (song)

"**Highway Star**" is a 1972 song by British rock band Deep Purple and is the opening track to their sixth studio album *Machine Head*. It is the fastest tempo from the album.

## References
Family Aaj Kal

***Family Aaj Kal*** () is an Indian Hindi-language comedy drama television series directed by Parikshit Joshi and written by Manoj Kalwani and Arundhati Bhande. Made by Anushka Shah under Civic Studios, it stars Apoorva Arora, Sonali Sachdev, Nitesh Pandey, Aakarshan Singh, Prakhar Singh, and Masood Akhtar. The series premiered on SonyLIV on 3 April 2024.

## Cast 
* Apoorva Arora
* Sonali Sachdev
* Nitesh Pandey
* Aakarshan Singh
* Masood Akhtar
* Prakhar Singh

## Production 
The series was announced by Civic Studios. The principal photography of the series was wrapped in 2023.

## Reception 
Prateek Sur of *Outlook India* gave the series a rating of 3/5 stars. Shaheen Irani of *OTTplay* rated the series 3.5 out of 5 stars.

## References 
## Other websites 
* 
* *Family Aaj Kal* on SonyLIV
Julian Hussauf

**Julian Hussauf** (born April 8, 2006 in Rottenmann) is an Austrian football player. He plays as defender for the Second league team FC Liefering.
## Career 
Hussauf began his career at FC Gaishorn. For the 2017/18 season he moved to SK Sturm Graz. For the 2019/20 season he moved to the youth team of FC Red Bull Salzburg. He went through all age levels in the academy from the 2020/21 season.

For the 2024/25 season, Hussauf moved into the squad of FC Liefering.  He made his debut in the 2nd league in August 2024. He came on as a substitute for Gaoussou Diakité  against SV Lafnitz. 
## International 
Hussauf made his debut for the Austrian U-18 team in March 2024 against Italy. 

## References
Cheisaang Marol

**Cheisaang Marol** (), also known as **Cheisang Maron** (), is a form of martial arts practiced by the early Meitei people of Manipur. It uses a Cheisaang (a long stick) instead of a sword or a spear or other weapons. Before going to a battle or a hunt, people used sticks to practice this martial art form. It is defensive and is very useful when surrounded by enemies. Usually, the martial artist uses one long stick and a short stick. The long stick is used like a spear and the shorter stick is used like a sword.

Cheisaang Marol is closely related to “Sharit Sharak” (alias Sarit Sarak) and is also considered a part of the Thang-Ta.

Cheisaang Marol is rarely performed in modern times. Once it was performed by the *Kanglei Inat Thang-Ta Shindam Shanglen* at the *KCDO Complex at Kongpal Chanam Leikai* in 2023.
The martial arts instructors of the *Kanglei Inat Thang-Ta Shindam Shanglen* were encouraged to carefully and completely teach the “Cheishaang Marol” as they were taught by their teacher Late Leitanthem Heramot.

## References
1952 Egyptian revolution

The **Egyptian revolution of 1952** (Arabic: ثورة 23 يوليو), also known as the '''1952 coup d'état** (Arabic: انقلاب 1952)and **23 July Revolution''', was a period of time when Egypt experienced changes in politics, economy and society. On 23 July 1952 the revolution began with King Farouk losing power in a coup d'état by the Free Officers Movement. This group of army officers was ruled by Mohamed Naguib and Gamal Abdel Nasser. The Revolution made a wave of other revolutions in the Arab World, and contributed towards decolonisation of Africa, and Third World cooperation during the Cold war. 

## References
Independence Day (Albania)

**Independence Day** is a public holiday in Albania observed on 28 November. It celebrates the Albanian Declaration of Independence.

## Importance 
Independence Day is celebrated every 28 November as a holiday in Albania. It refers to the Albanian Declaration of Independence on 28 November 1912 and the raising of the Albanian flag in Vlora by Ismail Qemali. 

## References
Eagle of Saladin

The **Eagle of Saladin** (Arabic: نسر صلاح الدين, romanized: *Nasr Ṣalāḥ ad-Dīn*), known in Egypt as the **Egyptian Eagle** (Arabic: النسر المصري, romanized: *an-Nasr al-Miṣrī*), and the **Republican Eagle** (Arabic: النسر الجمهوري, romanized: *an-Nasr al-Jumhūrī*), is an Eagle that is the Coat of Arms of many countries; Egypt, Iraq, Palestine, and Yemen. Since the 1952 Egyptian revolution, the eagle has been an iconic symbol of Egypt, and of Arab nationalism, Mostly in Arab States that went through Anti-imperialist political change from the 1950s. It was the national symbols of the now gone United Arab Republic, North Yemen, South Yemen, and the Libyan Arab Republic.

## Origins 
The warlike appearance of eagles made humans use it in military and political emblems in different parts of the world at different times.Orginally from the Ancient Egyptian eagle shown in temples, the eagle became an important bird to Saladin. The Sultan of Egypt took the eagle as a symbol of his reign. 

## Related pages 
*Coat of Arms of Iraq
*Coat of Arms of Egypt
*Coat of Arms of Palestine
*Coat of Arms of Yemen
*Saladin

## References
Giuseppe Castiglione

**Giuseppe Castiglione** (1688 — 1766), was an Italian painter. He worked as an artist at the imperial court of three Chinese emperors – the Kangxi, Yongzheng and Qianlong emperors.

## Gallery

File:Qianlong emperor hunting.jpg|Qianlong Emperor chasing a deer on a hunting trip
Harini Amarasuriya

**Harini Amarasuriya** (born 6 March 1970) is a Sri Lankan academic, activist, and politician. She has been the 17th Prime Minister of Sri Lanka since 2024. She is the third woman to hold this office. She is a member of the National People's Power.

On 24 September 2024, Amarasuriya was sworn in as the sixteenth Prime Minister of Sri Lanka by President Anura Kumara Dissanayake. She is the first prime minister of her party, and the third female to hold the role after Sirimavo Bandaranaike and Chandrika Kumaratunga.

## Notes
## References
## Other websites
* Harini Amarasuriya, Parliament directory of members
Sarco pod

The **Sarco pod** (also known as **Pegasos** and sometimes called a "**suicide pod**") is a kind of device or machine that a person can use for killing himself or herself. That person has to sit inside the (capsule or) pod, and push a button. That makes liquid nitrogen go from a canister, and into the air that is being breathed inside the capsule. When one minute has passed, the concentration of oxygen is too low to keep a human alive.

"Sarco" is short for "sarcophagus" (picture), a kind of coffin.

## Deadly use (year 2024)
Police investigation: In September 2024, police in the Swiss canton of Schaffhausen arrested several people, after a 64 year-old woman from the United States had used the machine.

"Florian Willet, co-president of *The Last Resort* [, an organisation], was [arrested], along with a Dutch journalist and two Swiss people, the spokesperson said. Willet was the only other person present when the woman ended her life", according to media.

## Related pages
* Assisted suicide
* Bodily integrity
* Right to die
* Self-ownership

## Sources
Irakli Kobakhidze

**Irakli Kobakhidze** (; born 25 September 1978) is a Georgian constitutional scholar and politician. He is the 16th and current prime minister of Georgia since February 2024.

He was a member of the Georgian Parliament from 2016 to 2024. He was also the chairman of the Parliament of Georgia from 2016 to 2019. He was the chairman of Georgian Dream party from 2021 to 2024.

## References
Zahiri

The **Ẓāhirī school** (, romanized: az-*Ẓāhira)*, or **Zahirism**, is a Sunni madhab (school of Islamic jurisprudence),that was founded in the 9th century by Dawud al-Ẓahiri, a Muslim scholar, jurist, and theologian of the Islamic Golden Age. The school persisted due to the works of the Andalusian scholar Ibn Hazm, though only a few of his works still survive.

It is characterized by strict adherence to literalism and reliance on the outward (*zahir*) meaning of expressions in the Qur'an and  the hadith; the consensus (*ijma*) of the first generation of the Prophet Muhammad's closest companions (*ṣahaba*) for sources of Islamic law (sharia); and the rejection of analogical deduction (*qiyas*) and societal custom or knowledge (*urf*), which is used by other schools of Islamic jurisprudence. However, there is a Zahiri branch which rejects Ibn Hazm's approach, usually choosing to accept a degree of *qiyas* instead.