open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
House of the Tiles

remains of the House of the Tiles.]]

The **House of the Tiles** is a large Early Bronze Age building with two stories located at Lerna in southern Greece. It is known for its advanced architecture, especially its roof covered by baked tiles giving the building its name. The building is a type of house called a "corridor house".

## History
### Excavation
The House of the Tiles was discovered during excavations made in the early 1950s by the American School of Classical Studies led by John Langdon Caskey of the University of Cincinnati.

### Structure
The building dates back to 2500–2300 BCE and is either the dwelling of a high member of the community, an early palace, or an administrative center. It may also have been a communal structure meaning the property of all the townspeople. The building's function remains unknown. The building also had areas for storage. Debris found at the site of the building had many terracotta tiles that fell from the roof. Such roofs were also found in the Early Bronze Age site of Akovitika, as well as in the Mycenaean towns of Gla and Midea. But roofs with baked tiles only became common in Greek architecture in the 7th century BC. The walls of the House of the Tiles were made with bricks on stone. But the complexity of the tumulus built over the house's ruins by Bronze Age people shows instead a "showing of respect for their predecessors that one would not expect of invaders of a different culture."

## References
### Citations
### Sources
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Timini Egbuson

**Timini Egbuson** (born 10 June 1987) is a Nigerian actor and media personality. He won the 2020 Africa Magic Viewers' Choice Awards Best Actor in a Drama.
## Filmography
* *MTV Shuga*
* *Elevator Baby*
* *Love is Yellow*
* *Something Like Gold*
* *A Tribe Called Judah*
## Accolades
In 2017, he was nominated for the Best New Actor of the Year during the City People Entertainment Awards and Male Revelation of the Year at Best of Nollywood Awards. In 2019, he won the Prize for Acting at The Future Awards Africa and AMVCA awards' Best Actor in a Drama (Movie/TV series).
## References
Ruby Barnhill

Barnhill was born on 16 July 2004 in Knutsford, Cheshire, England. She lives with her parents and younger sister in Cheshire, and she is a member of the local youth theatre.

## References
Wayne Sermon

, Finland]]
**Wayne Sermon** is an musician, and songwriter from the United States. He is the highest of all of the guitar players in the band Imagine Dragons. Sermon was born the 15th of June 1984 in the county American Fork in the state of Utah. He was born in a devout non trinitarian Christian family and was a member of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints but left due to unknown reasons.

## References
Ludo

**Ludo** is a board game for two to four players. In the game, the players race their four tokens from start to finish according to the rolls of a single dice. Like other cross and circle games, Ludo is taken from the Indian game Pachisi. The game and its versions are popular in many countries and under different names.

## References
TRT Haber

**TRT Haber** (English: **TRT News**) is a Turkish news and current affairs television channel. It was established by TRT on 18 March, 2010.

It became Turkey's most watched news channel between 2018 and November 2020.
## Related pages
*TRT Arabia
## References
Taylor rule

The **Taylor rule** is a monetary policy for how central banks manage money. It was made by economist John B. Taylor in 1992. The idea is to control the economy by adjusting short-term interest rates. The rule looks at the federal funds rate, price level, and changes in real income. It figures out the best federal funds rate based on the gap between the desired inflation rate and the actual inflation rate, plus the gap between actual and natural output level. When inflation is higher than the target, the Taylor rule suggests a higher interest rate. 

In the United States, the Federal Open Market Committee manages money policy, aiming for a 2% average inflation rate. The Taylor rule is different from discretionary policy, which depends on personal views of monetary policy authorities and has fewer factors considered.

## References
Made in Japan (Buck Owens song)

"**Made in Japan**" is a 1972 song by Buck Owens. It was taken from his studio album *In the Palm of Your Hand*. It was his last number one country single in the United States and Canada. It went to number 17 in Australia.
Ghore Ghore Zee Bangla

***Ghore Ghore Zee Bangla*** (English: *House to House Zee Bangla*) is a Bengali television family game show started in 2023. The show telecast on Zee Bangla six days in a week and also available on ZEE5 digitally.

## Anchors 
* *Indrani Halder*
* *Aparajita Auddy*
* *Biswanath Basu*

## References 
## Other websites 
* Ghore Ghore Zee Bangla at ZEE5
Progymnosperm

**Progymnosperms** are ancient plants that don't exist anymore. They were like woody plants with spores and probably came from trimerophytes. Later, they led to the development of gymnosperms, which are the ancestors of acrogymnosperms and angiosperms (flowering plants). People sometimes call them **Progymnospermophyta** or **Progymnospermopsida**.

## References
## Other websites
*Progymnospermophyta 
*Botany: an introduction to plant biology
My Father's Eyes (song)

"'''My Father's Eyes'*" is a 1998 song by Eric Clapton and is the leading single from his 13th studio album *Pilgrim''. It went to number 33 in the United Kingdom, number 72 in the Netherlands, number 12 in Iceland, number 41 in Scotland, number 2 in Canada and number 2 on the Billboard Adult Contemporary chart. It won a Grammy Award in 1999.

## Track listing
# "My Father's Eyes"
# "Change the World"
# "Theme from a Movie That Never Happened" (Orchestral)
# "Inside of Me"

## References
TheCable

**TheCable** is an independent news source in Lagos, Nigeria. It was founded by Simon Kolawole in 2014 and published by The Cable Newspaper Ltd established on 2011.
## Activities
In 2023, TheCable launched an app to aid people with defect read news.

## Related pages
* Newspapers published in Nigeria

## References
## Other websites
* Official website
Disraeli Gears

***Disraeli Gears*** is the second studio album by Cream. Cream were a British rock band. The band released the album in November 1967. *Disraeli Gears* was number five on the UK Albums Chart. It was also number one on Swedish, Finnish, and Australian music charts. It was the number one album in the United States in 1968. The album had two singles. These were "Strange Brew" and "Sunshine of Your Love". In 1999, the album was put in the Grammy Hall of Fame.

## Track listing 
## References
Intangible cultural heritage

, an intangible cultural heritage of Pakistan.]]
An **intangible cultural heritage** (**ICH**) is something that is considered by UNESCO to be part of a place's cultural heritage. Buildings, historic places, monuments, and artifacts are cultural property, not  heritage. Intangible heritage is things like folklore, customs, beliefs, traditions, knowledge, and language.

Intangible cultural heritage is considered by member states of UNESCO to be like the tangible World Heritage but focusing on intangible parts of culture. In 2001, UNESCO made a survey among countries and NGOs to try to agree on a definition, and the Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage was drafted in 2003 for its protection and promotion.

## References
If You Leave (song)

"**If You Leave**" is a 1986 song by British band Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark. It was taken from the 1986 movie *Pretty in Pink*. It went to the top 5 in the United States, New Zealand and Canada, number 48 in the United Kingdom and number 15 in Australia.

## Track listing
### 7": Virgin / VS 843 (UK) 
# "If You Leave" – 4:30
# "88 Seconds in Greensboro" – 4:20

### 7": A&M/Virgin / AM 8669 (US) 
# "If You Leave" – 4:24
# "Secret" – 3:57

### 7": A&M/Virgin / AM 2811 (US) 
# "If You Leave" - 4:24
# "La Femme Accident" - 3:58

### 12": Virgin / VS 843-12 (UK) 
# "If You Leave" (extended version) – 5:59
# "88 Seconds in Greensboro" – 4:20
# "Locomotion" (live version) – 3:50

### 12": A&M/Virgin / SP-12176 (US) 
# "If You Leave" (extended version) – 5:59
# "La Femme Accident" (extended version) – 5:36
Streets of Bakersfield

"**Streets of Bakersfield**" is a 1973 song written by Homer Joy and popularized in 1988 by Buck Owens featuring Dwight Yoakam. It went to number 1 on the country single charts in the United States and Canada. It is the leading single from Yoakam's third studio album *Buenas Noches from a Lonely Room*.

## References
Presidential Commission on the Status of Women

The '''President's Commission on the Status of Women** (**PCSW**) was established to advise the president of the United States on issues concerning the status of women. It was created by President John F. Kennedy and was signed into law on December 14, 1961. In 1975 it became the **National Association of Commissions for Women'''.

## References
Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Onitsha

The **Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Onitsha** () was established on 18th April, 1950.

Leadership: Valerian Okeke, Archbishop of Onitsha.

## Localities and organizations
### Schools
* Christ the King College, Onitsha
* Queen of the Rosary College, Onitsha
* Regina Pacis Secondary,Onitsha
* Mater Amabilis Secondary school, Umuoji
* St. Kizito Secondaryschool, Umudioka
* St. Charles College, Onitsha
### The Archbishop
It houses the Archbishop who lives in the Basilica of the Most Holy Trinity, Onitsha, the only basilica of Roman Catholicism in Nigeria.
## Bibliography
* The History of the Catholic Church in Nigeria. (1982). Nigeria: Macmillan Nigeria.
* Ozigboh, I. R. A. (1999). A History of Igboland in the 20th Century. Nigeria: University of Nigeria.
## References
## Other websites
* Official website
History of psychiatry

**The history of psychiatry** began in India with the Charaka Samhita which was a book in Sanskrit about medicine. It talks about treating Madness.  In Ancient Greece, people normally thought Madness was caused by being cursed by one of the gods, usually Dionysus, or was happening because someone was making a prophecy.  But then Democritus and Hippocrates said Madness was caused by physical disease. Democritus experimented on animals to figure out how that worked.

There were still people in Ancient Rome and in the Dark Ages who believed Madness was caused by Demonic possession and could be cured by excorcism.

In Iraq, in the 9th Century, people started to build hospitals called bimaristans which had rooms for people who were violent and insane.

In the 13th Century, people in Christian Europe started to build hospitals for mad people called lunatic asylums but they were used mainly to keep them inside instead of trying to cure them.

## The Anatomy of Melancholy 
In 1621, a man named Robert Burton wrote a book about Madness called The Anatomy of Melancholy. Burton said that knowing how the human mind works was the most important thing there was.

## Humanitarian Reform 
In 1758, William Battie wrote a book called Treatise on Madness. He said Madness was caused by physical problems with the Brain and the rest of the Body. He criticized a British hospital called Bedlam for treating mad people badly. In 1789, George III went mad and people in Great Britain started to say that Madness was a disease to be cured.  A Quaker named William Tuke said that Insane Asylums were doing a bad job and that they should use therapy instead. Philippe Pinel made the same arguments as Tuke did in France.

## Modern Psychiatry 
In 1808, a German doctor named Johann Christian Reil started to use the word Psychiatry to mean using Medicine and Therapy to treat Madness. Then Karl Ludwig Kahlbaum and Emil Kraepelin started to say that there were different kinds of Madness called Mental Disorders and tried to explain and name different Mental Illnesses.

## Psychoanalysis 
Some Psychiatrists started to think that  Sigmund Freud was right about Psychoanalysis and started to use it. Freud’s ideas got a lot less popular with psychiatrists by the 1970s.

## Criticism 
Michel Foucault in his book Madness and Civilization criticizes Psychiatry and says that it’s using science as an excuse to punish people for being different. Thomas Szasz in his book The Myth of Mental Illness, criticizes Psychiatry and says that the concept of Mental illness is only a metaphor and not something that scientifically exists.
Nanba Shrine

**Nanba Shrine** (難波神社) is a Shinto Shrine in Osaka. It worships Emperor Nintoku. It was made by Nintoku's son Emperor Hanzei.

The first theater for Bunraku puppet shows was built at the shrine.

It has a summer festival that starts on July 20th and lasts two days. It is called Himuro Matsuri and during the festival crushed ice is given to worshippers. It is believed that those who eat it will be protected from summer heat.

Some people think it was the Soja shrine of Settsu Province. Soja shrines are shrines where all the kami of a province can be worshipped at once.

## History 
The shrine was built in 415, during the reign of the 18th emperor, Hanzei, in the ancient capital of Matsubara in Osaka Prefecture. 

On New Year's Day 1071, Emperor Go-Sanjo visited the shrine on his way to the Sumiyoshi-taisha, and he determined that, in addition to Nintoku, Susa-no-O (素盞嗚) and the female deity Uka-no-mi-tama (倉稲魂), for the treatment of illnesses.

Later, at the same time as Toyotomi Hideyoshi was building Osaka Castle, Namba-jinja was moved to its current location.

In the Edo Period a small Inari shrine on the grounds called Bakurocho-no-Oinari-san was more famous than this one.

The Torii and surrounding walls of the place of worship were destroyed during the Pacific War on 14 March 1945 . They were rebuilt in reinforced concrete in 1974.

## Gallery

File:Namba Shinto Shrine in 201411.JPG|alt=|View of the shrine from the street
File:Nanba Shrine1.jpg|alt=|Entrance Torii
File:Namba Shinto Shrine at Night in 201412.JPG|alt=|Entrance Torii at night
File:Futon daiko.jpg|alt=|Traditional Futon Daiko procession
File:Nanba Shrine Bakurou Shrine.jpg|alt=|A small Inari shrine at Nanba Shrine. It used to be more famous than this one.
File:Nanba Shrine honsha.jpg|alt=|Main building of Nanba Shrine
File:Nanba Shrine Juyonbashiraaidono Shrine.jpg|alt=|A small subshrine
File:Nanba Shrine kotohira Shrine.jpg|alt=|A small Kotohira Shrine at Nanba Shrine
File:Nanba-jinjya Kusunoki.jpg|alt=|Kusunoki tree
File:Naniwa-Schrein 1.jpg|alt=|Honden of the Shrine
File:Nanba Shrine Roof from below.jpg|alt=|Roof of the Shrine
File:Emblem on the door of Nanba shrine.jpg|alt=|Emblem on the door of the shrine
File:Matsumoto Kiyoshi Senba Shinsaibashi.jpg|alt=|Shop across the street from Nanba Shrine

## Related pages 
* Nanba Yasaka Shrine

## References
Kayode Kasum

**Kayode Kasum** (born 2 February 1992) is a Nigerian director and movie producer who has been nominated as the Director of the Year at 2018 Best of Nollywood Awards and 2020 Best of Nollywood Awards. Kasum has worked on projects such as *Sugar Rush,* *This Lady Called Life* (2020), * Far From Home* (2022), *Kambili – The Whole 30 yards* (2020), *Castle and Castle S2* (2019), *Soole* (2021), *Obara’M* (2022), *Áfàméfùnà – An Nwa Boi Story* (2023).

## Filmography
* *This Lady Called Life*
* *Oga Bolaji*
* *Kambili: The Whole 30 Yards*
* *Sugar Rush*
* *Fate of Alakada*
* *The Therapist*
* *Ponzi*
* *Something Like Gold*
* *Love is Yellow*
* *Áfàméfùnà – An Nwa Boi Story*
## Accolades
Obara’M, one of the movies he directed was announced as the opening film of the 10th edition of the NollywoodWeek Film Festival at Cinema l’Arlequin, Paris. He was among the 2021 awardees of The Future Awards Africa as the movie director.

## References
## Other websites
*
Dominic Ekandem

**Dominic Ignatius Ekandem** (1917 – 24 November, 1995) was a Nigerian Catholic cardinal who served as Archbishop of Abuja from 1989 to 1992. He was the first West African Cardinal from Africa. He was the founder of Missionary Society of Saint Paul, Nigeria.

## Legacy
The Dominic Cardinal Ignatius Ekandem Villa which houses the Gaudium et Spe Institute in Asokoro, Abuja.

## References
United Nations Commission on Human Rights

The **United Nations Commission on Human Rights** (**UNCHR**) was a human rights commission the United Nations from 1946 until it was replaced by the United Nations Human Rights Council in 2006. It's purpose was to promote the protection of human rights.

On March 15, 2006, the UN General Assembly voted to replace UNCHR with the UN Human Rights Council.

## References
Legislature of the Marshall Islands

The **Legislature of the Marshall Islands** has 33 members, elected for a four-year term in nineteen single-seat and five multi-seat constituencies. 

## History of Marshall Islands 
The Republic of the Marshall Islands (RMI) is a country made up of 29 coral atolls and 5 small islands in the middle of the Pacific Ocean, between Hawaii and Australia.

In 1978, the people of the Marshall Islands voted to become separate from the rest of Micronesia. They made their own Constitution in 1979, which officially made the Marshall Islands a self-governing country starting from May 1, 1979.

Then, in 1986, they signed an agreement called the Compact of Free Association with the United States. This agreement gave the Republic of the Marshall Islands (RMI) its freedom and independence on October 21, 1986. The RMI also joined the United Nations in 1991.

## The Legislature 
The Constitution of 1979 describes a government system where there is one group of lawmakers. However, the President is in charge of both the country and the government and is chosen by members of the Parliament. This setup makes the Marshall Islands' government a mix of a parliamentary and a presidential system. The Marshall Islands has a law-making group with two parts: the Nitijela, which has 33 seats filled by popular vote for four years and has the power to make laws, and the Council of Iroij, made up of 12 tribal chiefs who give advice on traditional matters.

The legal system of the Marshall Islands is based on laws from the time it was under American control, along with laws made by the local government, traditional laws, and common laws. For example, copyright, patent, and trademark laws from the United States also apply in the Marshall Islands.

### Committees of the Nitijela 
* The Committee of the Whole
* Permanent Standing Committees
* Special Committees

## References
Palace of Fine Arts

**Palace of Fine Arts** can be
*Palace of Fine Arts (Dominican Republic), in the Dominican Republic
*Palace of Fine Arts (Mexico)
*Palace of Fine Arts (United States), in San Francisco, California
Daniel Revenu

**Daniel Revenu** (5 December 1942 – 2 January 2024) was a French fencer and Olympic champion.

Revenu received a gold medal in *foil team* at the 1968 Summer Olympics in Mexico City. He participated and received medals at the 1964, 1968, 1972 and 1976 summer Olympics.

Revenu died on 2 January 2024, at the age of 81.

## References
Rosie Reyes

**Rosa María Reyes Darmon** (*née* **Reyes**; 23 March 1939 – 4 January 2024) was a Mexican tennis player. She was active in the 1950s and 1960s. She was born in Mexico City. Reyes competed in the women's doubles event at 1968 Summer Olympics. She won a gold and silver medal at the event.

Reyes died from a lung disease at her home in Mexico City, on 4 January 2024, at the age of 84.

## References
Ayla Algan

**Ayla Algan** (; 29 October 1937 – 4 January 2024) was a Turkish actress and singer. She was born in Istanbul, Turkey. Her career began in 1960. She was known for her roles in *The House of Leyla*, *O Hayat Benim* and *Binbir Gece*.

Algan died on 4 January 2024 in Istanbul at the age of 86.

## References
Kishin Shinoyama

was a Japanese photographer. He was well-known for having photographed the covers for John Lennon and Yoko Ono's albums, *Double Fantasy* and *Milk and Honey*.

Shinoyama died on January 4, 2024 in Tokyo, Japan at the age of 83.

## References
Christian Oliver

**Christian Oliver** (3 March 1972 – 4 January 2024) was a German actor. He was born in Celle, Lower Saxony.

Oliver had both movie and television roles. He appeared in *Speed Racer*, *The Baby-Sitters Club*, *The Good German*, *Saved by the Bell: The New Class*, *Valkyrie*, *Sense8*, *Hunters* and *Timeless*.

In 2010, he married Jessica Mazur. They divorced in 2021. They had two daughters. 

Oliver and his two daughters were killed in a plane crash on 4 January 2024 off the coast of Bequia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines.

## References
## Other websites
* 
*
Popular Mobilization Forces

The **Popular Mobilization Forces** (Arabic: الْحَشْدُ الشَّعْبِيُّ) is an Iraqi state-sponsored Shia-dominated armed network of 67 different factions along with other Sunni Muslim, Christian, and Yazidi groups. The goal of the group was to fight the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant and has fought in every battle with the group. Some of the groups armed (Shia) factions such as the Kataib Hezbollah are claimed to have links to the Islamic Republic of Iran.

## References
## Other websites
* Official website
Fazoli's

'''Fazoli's''' is an American fast casual restaurant chain headquartered in Lexington, Kentucky. It was founded in 1988. It is owned by FAT Brands.
Ingles

**Ingles** is an American supermarket chain. It is headquartered in Black Mountain, North Carolina. It has 198 supermarkets in the Southeastern United States.

## Other websites 
*
Mercy Johnson

**Mercy Johnson Okojie** (born 28 August 1984) is a Nigerian actress and movie producer.
## Biography
Mercy was born on 28 August 1984. She went to Rivers State Secondary School and Nigerian Navy Secondary School in Port Harcourt for her secondary education.

## Career
She made her debut, *The Maid.* She has also appeared on movies including *Hustlers*, Baby Oku in America*, *War in the Palace.* She is also an ambassador of *Tiger Foods Limited.''

## Related pages
* List of Nigerian actors

## References
## Other websites
Land O'Lakes

]]

'''Land O'Lakes''' is an American member-owned agricultural cooperative. It is based in the Minneapolis-St. Paul suburb of Arden Hills, Minnesota, United States. It was founded on July 8, 1921. Every year it handles 12 billion pounds of milk. It is one of the largest producers of butter, cheese and dairy products in the United States.

## References
Kenneth Noland

**Kenneth Noland** (April 10, 1924 – January 5, 2010) was an American abstract painter.

He was first an expressionist abstract painter, in the 1950s, and after, a minimalist painter, in the 1960s. He became one of the best-known American painters in the abstract style of color field. He helped in the creation of the Washington Color School movement.

## References
Philautus kempiae

The **Tura bubble-nest frog**, '''Kemp's bush frog**, or the **Tura shrub frog'* (*Philautus kempiae'') is a type of frog.  It lives in India, in the Garo Hills.

This frog is about 17 mm long from nose to rear end.  There is webbed skin on the back feet but not on the front feet. There are large disks on the toes for climbing. There is a black mark between the eyes and another on the back. The belly is white with brown marks. This frog has a round nose.
## References
Nanba Yasaka Shrine

**Nanba Shrine** (難波八阪神社) is a Shinto Shrine in Osaka. It is a shrine for Gion worship dedicated to Susanoo-no-Mikoto.

It has a large lion-shaped building which is famous in Japan.

## History
There is no longer any exact data as to the date of the first construction of this place of worship, but it is mentioned for the first time in the Annals of the Year 1069. Because of Bombing of Osaka, it burned to the ground in 1945. Its reconstruction and its current form date from may 1974.

The deity Gozu Tenno (god of protection against epidemics) is honored in this temple.

## Special features 
In the central square of the temple there is a stage building 12 meters high, 11 meters wide and 10 meters deep, made of stone, in the shape of a lion's head. It is likely that the lion motif was influenced by the style of temples in Taiwan . 

Every third Sunday in January, a rite inspired by Japanese mythology is performed there. It tells the story of Susanoo, the god of Wind and Sea, and the dragon Yamata-no-Orochi . In 2001, this ritual was officially recognized as an element of the intangible heritage of the city of Osaka.

## Gallery

File:Nanba yasaka shrine exterior.jpg|View of the complex from outside
File:Namba-yasaka-jinja Torii entrance.jpg|Entrance to the shrine
File:Nanba yasaka shrine 02.JPG|Look at the mouth from afar
File:Tabemas.jpg|Side view of the head
File:Interior of the Lion's Head Theater at Namba Yasaka Jinja, Osaka.jpg|Inside the Lion's Head Theater at Namba Yasaka Jinja
File:Roof of the Haiden at Namba Yasaka Jinja in Osaka.jpg|View of the roof
File:Komainu at the Namba Yasaka Jinja.jpg|A Komainu guarding Namba Yasaka Jinja
File:Chōzuya at Namba-Yasaka-Jinja, Osaka.jpg|Chōzuya
File:Lanterns on the Haiden at Namba Yasaka Jinja, Osaka.jpg|Lanterns at the Haiden
File:Namba-yasaka-jinja sasayama jinja.jpg|A subshrine
File:Namba-yasaka-jinja two subshrines.jpg|Two subshrines
File:Namba-yasaka-jinja Torii to subshrine.jpg|Torii of a subshrine
File:Namba-yasaka-jinja stele.jpg|Stone carving
File:Omikuji at Namba Yasaka Jinja, Osaka closeup.jpg|Omikuji

## Related pages 
* Nanba Shrine

## References
Autonomous Republic of Crimea

The **Autonomous Republic of Crimea** is an autonomous region in Ukraine located on Crimean Peninsula. The republic is viewed globally as an unlawfully taken part of Ukraine by Russia. Crimea was a part of Russia from 1783 until 1954. Then, they gave it to Ukraine. But in 2014, Russia wanted Crimea back from Ukraine, so it took Crimea forcefully, disregarding international law. Crimea's population is 2,416,856 (2021) and population density is 219.1/sq mi.

Crimea's area is 10,425 sq mi.

Crimea's nominal GDP is $7 Billion and GDP Per Capita is $300.

Crimea's main languages are Russian, Ukrainian, and Crimean Tatar.
File:Flag of Crimea.svg|The Flag of Crimea

## Related pages 
* Republic of Crimea
* Crimea

## References 
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autonomous_subdivisions_of_Russia
Cabinet of curiosities

**Cabinets of curiosities**, also known as wonder-rooms, were collections of different objects in Renaissance Europe. These collections, starting in the 16th century, had no specific categories. They covered natural history, geology, art, and more. They were well-known before modern museums, showing the interests of their owners.

The word "cabinet" first meant furniture, not room. Objects in these cabinets could be natural specimens and artworks. Besides rulers' and aristocrats' collections, even the merchant (trader) class and early scientists made similar collections. They were like the origins of museums. These cabinets showed the curator's interests and their social status. There were two main types: princely cabinets for representation and aesthetic (beauty) appeal, and more modest (medium-sized) collections for practical (useful) and scientific purposes.

They also were entertainment, which is shown by the Royal Society's early meetings. Although educational, these exhibitions' purpose was to combine learning with entertainment.

## History 
### To c. 1600 
The earliest known natural history cabinet is shown in Ferrante Imperato's Dell'Historia Naturale (Naples 1599). It showed preserved fishes, stuffed mammals, shells, and more.

### 17th century 
Special cabinets belonged to Ole Worm and Athanasius Kircher. These cabinets had preserved animals, minerals, and mythical (fictional) creatures. Worm's catalog, Museum Wormianum (1655), gave information to science.

### 18th century and after 
In the 18th century, Belsazar Hacquet's natural history cabinet became famous. "Green Vaults" in Dresden showed Augustus the Strong's wonders. The "Enlightenment Gallery" at the British Museum had a goal to recreate the diversity of mid-18th-century museums.

### United States 
In the U.S., Thomas Dent Mutter's collection focused on medical curiousities. P. T. Barnum's American Museum and the Hobby Club in New York continued the tradition of showing curiosities.

### Declining influence 
By the early 18th century, curiosities started to lose importance as Enlightenment thinkers focused on nature's patterns. Curiosities were seen as exceptions, not divine messages, and were less studied.
Sailing on the Seven Seas

"**Sailing on the Seven Seas**" is a 1991 song by British band Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark and is the leading single from their eighth studio album *Sugar Tax*. It went to number 3 in the United Kingdom, Sweden and Austria, number 77 in Australia, number 9 in Germany and number 5 in Ireland and was covered by German band Fools Garden in 2015.

## Track listings
**7-inch and cassette single**
# "Sailing on the Seven Seas"
# "Burning"

**12-inch single**
:A. "Sailing on the Seven Seas" (extended version)
:B. "Floating on the Seven Seas"

**CD single**
# "Sailing on the Seven Seas"
# "Floating on the Seven Seas"
# "Sailing on the Seven Seas" (Larrabee mix)
# "Sugar Tax"

**Special-edition CD single**
# "Sailing on the Seven Seas" (extended version)
# "Burning"
# "Dancing on the Seven Seas"
# "Big Town"

## References
Stumbling on Happiness

***Stumbling on Happiness*** is a nonfiction book by Daniel Gilbert. It came out in 2006 in the United States and Canada. It is a bestseller in the New York Times. They also translated it into more than thirty languages.

## Theme 
Gilbert's main idea is that people are not good at imagining the future and what will make them happy. He says this happens because of how they see things and their thinking habits. According to him, there are three ways the imagination does not work well:

# When people picture things in their minds, they usually add or skip details, and they might not notice that important details could be wrong or missing in what they're thinking.
# What people imagine for the future (or remember from the past) is often more like how things are right now than how they will actually be (or were). 
# The mind doesn't realize that things will feel different when they truly happen. For example, the psychological immune system can make negative things feel not as bad as they first thought.

Gilbert also talks about 'filling in,' which means the mind often uses patterns to connect events we remember with other events we think should be part of the expected experience. This 'filling in' is something our eyes and optic nerves do too, like when they replace the blind spot in our vision with what our mind thinks should be there.

The book is made for regular people, and it tries not to use complicated words. Instead, it explains everyday mistakes in thinking by using simple experiments that take advantage of those mistakes.

## References
Valerian Okeke

**Valerian Maduka Okeke** (born 20 October 1953) is a Nigerian prelate serving as the current Archbishop of the Catholic Archdiocese of Onitsha. He is also the metropolitan of Onitsha Ecclesiastical Province.

## Selected publications
* *The nature and identity of the church : Nigerian theological perspectives* (2002)
* *Christian witness : essays in memory of Archbishop Stephen Nweke Ezeanya, with Valerian Maduka*
* *Go, make disciples of all nations* (2006)
* *Bigard diamond jubilee reflections* (2000)

## References
## Other websites
* Official website
Palace of Aegae

The **Palace of Aegae** is an ancient Greek site in Macedonia.

Aegae (*Αἰγέαι*) was the original capital of the Macedonians, an ancient kingdom in northern Greece. 

The tomb of Philip II (father of Alexander the Great) is there. The city was the burial-place of the Macedonian kings. It was built on a commanding and picturesque site.
Fabrice Borer

**Fabrice Borer** (born 24 December 1971) is a former Swiss football player. He played as a goalkeeper. Borer played for Delémont, Lausanne-Sport, Sion, Grasshoppers and the Switzerland national team.
Sir John Hall

**Sir John Hall** (born March 1933) is a British businessman. He is also life president and former chairman of Newcastle United.
Joseph Lelyveld

**Joseph Salem Lelyveld** (5 April 1937 – 5 January 2024) was an American journalist from Cincinnati, Ohio. He was the editor of the New York Times from 1994 to 2001. He received the Pulitzer Prize in 1986 for *Move Your Shadow: South Africa, Black and White*.

## Personal life
Lelyveld was married to Carolyn Fox from 1959 until her death in 2004. They had two daughters.

Lelyvald died from complications of Parkinson's disease at his home in Manhattan, on 5 January 2024. He was 86 at the time of his death.
## References
Public Investment Fund

The **Public Investment Fund** (**PIF)** is the sovereign wealth fund of Saudi Arabia. It is among the largest sovereign wealth funds in the world with total estimated assets of US$776 billion (£538 billion). It was created in 1971 for the purpose of investing funds on behalf of the Government of Saudi Arabia. The wealth fund is controlled by Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman, Saudi Arabia's *de facto* ruler since 2015.

## References
Halo orbit

A **halo orbit** is a periodic, three-dimensional orbit near one of the L1, L2 or L3 Lagrange points in the three-body problem of orbital mechanics.
2010 Colorado gubernatorial election

The **2010 Colorado gubernatorial election** happened on Tuesday, November 2, 2010 to elect the Governor of Colorado. The Democratic mayor of Denver, John Hickenlooper, easily won the election, as the conservative vote was split between Republican businessman Dan Maes and the Constitution Party's Tom Tancredo, a former Congressman.

## General election
### Candidates
* Libertarian: Jaimes Brown
::Running mate: Ken Wyble
* Independent: Jason R. Clark
* Independent: Paul Fiorino 
* Democratic: John Hickenlooper, mayor of Denver
::Running mate: Joe Garcia, Colorado State University-Pueblo President
* Republican: Dan Maes, businessman
::Running mate: Tambor Williams, former state representative
* Constitution: Tom Trancredo
::Running mate: Pat Miller, former state representative

### Results
## Constitution primary election
### Candidate
*Tom Tancredo, former Republican U.S. Representative
*Ken Salazar, United States Secretary of the Interior and former U.S. Senator
*Andrew Romanoff, former Speaker of the Colorado House of Representatives (ran for U.S. Senate)

### Results
Hickenlooper won the primary 

## Libertarian primary election
### Candidates
*Jaimes Brown
*Dan "Kilo" Sallis, 2008 vice presidential candidate of the Boston Tea Party

### Results
## Republican primary election
### Candidates
*Dan Maes, businessman

### Refused
*John Suthers, Colorado Attorney General
*Josh Penry, state senator
*Tom Tancredo, former U.S. Representative (ran as the Constitution Party candidate)

#### Results
## Aftermath 
Because of Tancredo's strong preformance, the Constitution Party became a "major party." In Colorado, a party can become "major" if their candidate gets 10% of the vote. If a party is "major", their name is placed near the top of the ballot. The Constitution Party did not have a candidate in the 2014 election. Because of that, it was no longer a major party.

## References
Balebreviceps hillmani

The **Bale Mountains tree frog**, **Bale rain frog**, or **Ethiopian short-headed frog** (*Balebreviceps hillmani*) is a frog.  It lives in Ethiopia. Scientists have seen it 3200 meters above sea level in Harenna Forest in the Bale Mountains.

The adult male frog is about 36-39 mm long from nose to rear end and the adult female frog 45-53 mm. It has a small head and eyes for a frog. Its eardrums are hard to see.  The skin of the frog's back is thick and bumpy but the skin of the belly is thin and smooth. The skin of the frog's back is dark in color, purple or brown, with light yellow stripes on each side.  There are also light marks on the sides of the head all the way to the nose.  The back legs are also light in color, with some orange. The bottoms of the feet are light gray or peach in color. The belly is yellow in color, but it can be gray.

When scientists first wrote about this frog in 1986, there were many, but people built a highway into the place where they live in 1983. Since then, humans had built towns and farms and places for animals to eat grass.  Humans have cut down trees in the forests to get wood to build with.  All this change has been bad for the frog. It is now very close to dying out. Scientists are not sure, but they think the chytrid fungus might be making this frog sick.

## References
List of Newcastle United owners

**Newcastle United Football Club** is an English football club based in Newcastle upon Tyne, Tyne and Wear, North East England. Since 2021, there have been 18 chairmans  and 6 owners, the most recent being Yasir Al-Rumayyan who took over as chairman and Public Investment Fund, PCP Capital Partners and RB Sports & Media who took over as owners on 7th November 2021.

## Chairmans 
## Owners
Jom Charity

**Josephine Oboh-Macleod Charity** also known as **JOM Charity** is an organization founded by Josephine Oboh-Macleod to promote art and culture worldwide.

## History 
According to Vanguard Newspaper, JOM Charity is collaborating with Kakofoni and Johfrim Arts and Design Studio to launch the Afro-Celtic exhibition for promoting art and culture in Africa and Scotland.
### Awards 
Milngavie Old People’s Association described JOM Charity as the first Art and Well-being Charities founded by a black woman of African descent Josephine Oboh-MacLeod.
### Collaborations 
JOM Charity has worked with *Women’s Integration Network*, *Kakofoni Foundation Nigeria*, *Milngavie Old People’s Association*, *Twechar Healthy Living Centre,* and others. According to the founder, the organization has supported other NGO's including *Coalition For Racial Equality and Rights (CRER).*
## References
## Other websites
* Official website
Pontiac G8

**Pontiac G8** was a full-size sedan which was produced by Holden in Australia for export to the United States and Canada, where it was sold by Pontiac. Production ended in mid-2009, following the GM decision to discontinue the Pontiac brand.

## References
Bessam

**Cheikh El Khalil Moulaye Ahmed**, known as **Moulaye Khalil Bessam** or **Bessam**, is a Mauritanean professional footballer who plays as forward.
Philautus maosonensis

The **Mao-Son bubble-nest frog** or **Maoson shrub frog** (*Philautus maosonensis*) is a frog.  It lives in northern Vietnam and probably China's Guangxi Province, which borders it. People have seen it between 400 and 1500 meters above sea level.

## References
Scafati

**Scafati** is a town in the province of Salerno, in the part of Campania that is Italian. Approximately 48,000 people live in Scafati as of the 6th of January 2023. Scafati was also a part of Germany until 1943 during World War II. The city is about  west of Salerno. The area is industrialized, and many people from Scafati work in industries nearby. It is part of the Greater Naples area, and right next to Pompeii and Castellammare di Stabia.

## References
Saint-Domingue

**Saint-Domingue** was the name of a French colony on the island of Hispaniola. The colony existed from  1659 to 1804.  In the Peace of Ryswick, the Spanish gave about a third of the island to the French. In 1804, the colony became independent, and took the name Haiti. The other part of the island was called Santo Domingo, and is the Dominican Republic today.

## Related pages 
*Haitian Revolution
6 January 2024 attack on the USS Laboon

On 6 January 2024, the *USS Laboon*, an Arleigh Burke-class destroyer, was attacked in the southern Red Sea by an unmanned aerial vehicle launched by Houthi forces. The *USS Laboon* shot down the suicide drone at approximately 9:30 am (Arabia Standard Time) in what the United States Navy described was “self defense”. No damage or injuries were reported from the incident.

## Related pages 
* 9 January 2024 Houthi attacks

## References
Sudraka

**Sudraka** was an Indian king and playwright. Three Sanskrit plays are ascribed to him - *Mricchakatika* (*The Little Clay Cart*), *Vinavasavadatta*, and a *bhana* (short one-act monologue), *Padmaprabhritaka*. Sudraka has been identified as the pen name of an Abhira king from the third century CE, either Indranigupta, or Shivadatta, father of Ishwarsena. According to Sten Konow, Sudraka belonged to the 3rd century A.D. He established his kingdom in Pratisthana.

Sudraka was the first Abhira king of the Andhras (Satavahanas). This monarch, commonly known to history as , probably established his independence soon after the death of the great Buddhist emperor Ashoka in 232 B.C.

## Notes
## References 
* Ryder, Arthur William. Translator. *The Little Clay Cart (Mrcchakatika): A Hindu Drama* attributed to King Shudraka, Cambridge, Ma: Harvard University Press, 1905.

## Other websites
* 
* 
* *The Little Clay Cart* by Shudraka, translated by Arthur W. Ryder (1905).
Carpet bombing

was 97% destroyed before it was finally taken by Allied troops in 1945]]

**Carpet bombing**, or **saturation bombing** describes the bombardment of a given area with bombs destroying as much as possible in the given area.  Like a carpet that covers the floor, bombs should cover the area. Carpet bombing is usually done by dropping a large number of unguided bombs. 

Carpet bombing of cities, towns, villages, or other areas containing a concentration of protected civilians has been a war crime since 1977.  It is explained in Article 51 of Protocol I of the Geneva Conventions.

The term *obliteration bombing* is sometimes used to describe especially intensified bombing with the intention of destroying a city or a large part of the city. The term *area bombing* refers to indiscriminate bombing of an area and also encompasses cases of carpet bombing, including obliteration bombing. It was used in that sense especially during World War&nbsp;II and the Korean War.

The use of atomic weapons is automatically a case of carpet bombing in its effect, but there are no modern examples of their use. Their use against Japan in WWII was the last and only example of a real attack using an atomic weapon.

## References
### Bibliography 
* 
* 
* 
* 
* 
* 
* 
* 
* 
* 

## Other websites 
* "Bombs Over Cambodia" from *The Walrus*
Jersey Mike's Subs

'''Jersey Mike's Subs''' is an American submarine sandwich chain headquartered in Manasquan, New Jersey. It has 2,000 locations. It was founded in 1956.
Albertsons

**Albertsons** is an American grocery company chain. It is based in Boise, Idaho. It has 2,253 stores. It was founded in the year 1939. The grocery company was 53rd in the Fortune 500 list of 2018. The supermarket is the 2nd largest supermarket group after Kroger. The group was bought by Safeway in 2015 for 9.2 billion dollars and had 1,075 supermarkets in 29 different US states.

## References
Safeway (disambiguation)

**Safeway** may refer to:

* Safeway, an Australian supermarket chain.

* Safeway Inc, an American supermarket chain.
Sheetal Thakur

**Sheetal Thakur Massey** is an actress from India. She mainly acts in Hindi movies and shows on the internet. She started her acting career with a Punjabi movie called Bambukat in 2016. She got nominated for the Best Supporting Actress award at the Filmfare Awards Punjabi for that. In 2018, she acted in her first Hindi movie, *Brij Mohan Amar Rahe*. Thakur is famous for her roles in the movies *Chappad Phaad Ke* and *Shukranu*, as well as the web series *Broken But Beautiful*.

## Filmography
### Movies 
### Television 
### Music videos 
## Awards and nominations 
## References
Fernando Capalla

**Fernando Robles Capalla** (1 November 1934 – 6 January 2024) was a Roman Catholic archbishop of the Archdiocese of Davao. He was archbishop from 1996 to 2012. Capalla was born in Leon, Iloilo, Philippine Islands.

Capalla died on January 6, 2024 at the age of 89.

## References
## References
Nicholas Rescher

**Nicholas Rescher** (; ; 15 July 1928 – 5 January 2024) was a German-born American philosopher, polymath, and author. He was a professor of philosophy at the University of Pittsburgh from 1961 until his death. He was chairman of the Center for Philosophy of Science and chairman of the philosophy department.

Rescher was born in Hagen, Westphalia, Prussia, Germany.

Rescher was president for the American Catholic Philosophical Association, Leibniz Society of North America, American Metaphysical Society, American Philosophical Association, and Charles S. Peirce Society.

He was the founder of *American Philosophical Quarterly*, *History of Philosophy Quarterly*, and *Public Affairs Quarterly*. 

He was elected a foreign member of the Academia Europaea in 1998.

Rescher died on 5 January 2024 in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania at the age of 95.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Nicholas Rescher home page 
* Philosophical purpose and purposive philosophy: an interview with Nicholas Rescher by Jamie Morgan.
Biographical evaluation

**Biographical evaluation** or **ʿIlm al-rijāl** (Arabic: عِلْمُ الرِّجال), meaning "*Knowledge of Men*" in Arabic, is a branch of Islamic studies focused on assessing the reliability of individuals who narrate Hadiths (sayings of Prophet Muhammad). This discipline aims to determine the credibility of narrators by combining historical and religious information. Its purpose is to differentiate between authentic and trustworthy Hadiths and those that are less reliable.

## References
1990 Connecticut gubernatorial election

The **1990 Connecticut gubernatorial election** happened on November 6, 1990. It was a three-way race between Democrat candidate Bruce Morrison, Republican candidate John G. Rowland, and third party candidate Lowell Weicker. Lowell Weicker ran as the candidate from A Connecticut Party and narrowly won.

## General election
### Candidates
*A Connecticut Party: Lowell Weicker, former Republican U.S. Senator 
*Concerned Citizens: Joseph Zdonczyk 
*Democratic Party: John G. Rowland, U.S. Representative from CT 3
*Republican Party: Bruce Morrison, U.S. Representative from CT 5

### Results
## References
Ziyad al-Nakhalah

**Ziyad Al-Nakhalah** (born 6 April 1953) is a Palestinian politician. He has been the Secretary-General of the Islamic Jihad Movement in Palestine since 2018, following the illness of former Secretary-General Ramadan Shalah. Ziyad was previously Deputy Secretary-General, and was elected as the movement’s new Secretary-General in late September 2018.

## Biography
Ziyad al-Nakhalah was born on 6 April 1953 in Khan Yunis, Gaza Strip, then under the Egyptian control. His father, Hajj Rushdi Al-Nakhalah, was killed in the city of Khan Yunis in 1956 during the Khan Yunis massacre against Egypt and Gaza.
## Personal life
Ziyad Al-Nakhalah is married and has 4 daughters and 2 sons.
## References
## Other websites
*
25 or 6 to 4

"**25 or 6 to 4**" is a song written by American musician Robert Lamm, one of the founding members of the band Chicago. It was recorded in 1969 for their second album, *Chicago*. Peter Cetera was on the lead vocals.

## Background
Lamm said the song is about trying to write a song in the middle of the night. Since the song has a unique title, "25 or 6 to 4", some people thought it meant the quantity of a certain drug or the name of a famous person in code.

The original recording features an electric guitar solo using a wah-wah pedal by Chicago guitarist Terry Kath, and a lead vocal line in the Aeolian mode.

## Release
The album was released in January 1970 and the song was edited and released as a single in June (omitting the second verse and most of the guitar solo), climbing to number&nbsp;4 on the US *Billboard* Hot 100 chart and number&nbsp;7 on the UK Singles Chart.

## Bans
The song was banned in Singapore in 1970 because of it possibly being about drugs. The ban extended to later albums that included the song, such as *Chicago 18*. In 1993, the ban on this song was lifted, along with long-time bans on songs by other artists such as the Beatles, Bob Dylan and Creedence Clearwater Revival.

## Pop culture
The song has been used in popular media as well. It appears as an on-disc track in the video game *Rock Band 3*; the animated TV series *King of the Hill*, the 2017 movie *I, Tonya*, and the 2023 DCEU superhero movie *The Flash*.

## References