open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
1950 British Grand Prix

The 1950 British Grand Prix held at Silverstone was Round 1 of 7 in the 1950 Formula One Season. Giuseppe Farina took Pole and the Race Win for Alfa Romeo.

## Qualifying 
## Race 
;Notes
* – Includes 1 point for fastest lap

## Championship standings after the race
;Drivers' Championship standings

* **Note:** Only the top five positions are listed. Only the best 4 results counted towards the Championship.

## References
Katsyaryna Barysevich

**Katsyaryna Barysevich** (, ) (born on 2 August 1984 in Staryya Darohi, Minsk Region, Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic, Soviet Union) is a journalist from Belarus. She worked for the website TUT.BY, European Radio for Belarus and other media. She wrote about the death of Raman Bandarenka in 2020. She was arrested on November 19, 2020, in Minsk. On April 20, 2021, Minsk City Court said no to a request to call off or change the sentence.

## Reaction 
On November 24, the human rights organization Amnesty International named her a prisoner of conscience in the Bandarenka matter. On the same day, ten organizations (the Viasna Human Rights Centre, the Belarusian Association of Journalists, the Belarusian Helsinki Committee and others) made a joint statement. It said that she is a political prisoner.

On December 10, 2020, she was named Journalist of the Year (2020).

On December 16, 2020, support for the political prisoner was undertaken by Cem Özdemir, a member of the Bundestag.

Among the organizations who considered Barysevich's imprisonment and sentencing to be bad, included the European Federation of Journalists, the Committee to Protect Journalists, and the International Press Institute.

Together with Darya Chultsova and Katsyaryna Andreeva, on April 9, 2021, she got the Ales Lipay (the person who made BelaPAN) Prize "Honor of Journalism."

On July 14, 2021, she got the  from the Committee to Protect Journalists (organization that takes care of journalists).

On August 12, 2021, she got the .

## Personal life 
She has a daughter.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Katsyaryna Barysevich's page on the website of the Viasna Human Rights Centre
Yann Sommer

**Yann Sommer** (born 17 December 1988) is a Swiss professional footballer. He plays as a goalkeeper for Inter Milan and the Switzerland national team.

## Career statistics
### Club
### International
## Honours 
**FC Vaduz**
* Swiss Challenge League: 2007–08
* Liechtenstein Football Cup: 2007–08

**FC Basel**
* Swiss Super League: 2010–11, 2011–12, 2012–13, 2013–14
* Swiss Cup: 2011–12

**Switzerland U21**
* UEFA European Under-21 Championship runner-up: 2011

**Individual**
* Credit Suisse Player of the Year: 2016, 2018

## References
## Other websites
*
2057

**2057** (**MMLVII**) will be .

## Predicted and scheduled events 
### January 
* January 1 – Books, movies, and other works published in 1961 will enter the public domain in the United States.

### March 
* March 6 – Ghana celebrates 100 years of independence.

## Fictional events
* The movie *Red Planet* takes place in 2057.
* The movie *Repo! The Genetic Opera* takes place in 2057.
Green woodpecker

There are four species of bird named **green woodpecker**:
* European green woodpecker, *Picus viridis*
* Iberian green woodpecker, *Picus sharpei*
* Japanese green woodpecker, *Picus awokera*
* Cuban green woodpecker, 	 *Xiphidiopicus percussus*
Translation (geometry)

In geometry, a **translation** is a transformation that moves everything by the same distance in the same direction. It does not change size or shape.

## References
The Otto Show

"**The Otto Show**" is the 22nd episode of *The Simpsons* 3rd season. It was first broadcast on the Fox network on April 23, 1992.

## Other websites 
*
*
*
Skinner's Sense of Snow

"'''Skinner's Sense of Snow**" is the 8th episode of the 12th season of ***The Simpsons*'''. It was first shown on the Fox network on December 17, 2000. The episode is about Springfield Elementary School being stuck in a snowstorm.

The episode's story came from an event in the episode writer's life. The episode takes place in winter. This made it harder for animators to make the animation of the episode. The episode makes  to ''Smilla's Sense of Snow*, *The Deer Hunter'', and Kristi Yamaguchi. Matt Selman, a writer for the show, got the idea for the Simpson family to go to Cirque du Purée. This idea became the beginning of the episode's story. Mike Scully thought that the animators did a great job on animating the circus show. The episode is set in the winter. This made it harder for animators to animate than it is for other episodes. Kramer said that "It just adds another ". He shows this by talking about episodes that are set in winter:
* The clothes on people have to move around if it is .
* The snow has to stay .
* If there are big snowflakes showing, and then small snowflakes when it is snowing faster, it will not work. Matt Haigh of Den of Geek said that the episode is "gold" (good in quality). Elizabeth Skipper from DVD Verdict says that episodes with Principal Skinner are a " thing" and that this episode was "no ". Colin Jacobsson of DVD Movie Guide called the episode "". He thought that the episode's story was not as good as it could have been.

## References 
## Other websites 
*
*
*
Xiaomi Mi Note 10

The **Xiaomi Mi Note 10** (**Mi CC9 Pro** in China) is a mid-range Android smartphone developed by the company Xiaomi. It is the first smartphone with a 108 MP camera. 

## Camera
Pentacamera setup consists of 5 modules, they are on the upper left side of the phone.

The main wide-angle lens is a Samsung S5KHMX (1/1.33 inch) sensor with a resolution of 108 MP and a light-power lens with 8 lenses (also for the first time in smartphones, but only in premium edition) with an F/1.69 aperture. It has optical stabilization.

The second camera is a 12-megapixel telephoto lens with an F/2.0 aperture.

The third is a 20-megapixel ultrawide-angle lens with a 117° viewing angle and an F/2.2 aperture.

The fourth is a 8-megapixel telephoto lens with an F/2.0 aperture. It has a 5-fold optical zoom (hybrid 5x) and optical stabilization.

The fifth is 2 MP macro lens with a minimum focus distance of 1.5 cm.

Two dual LED flash units are on the right of the camera unit. Two are ordinary and two soft warm light. This allows you to take much better photos at night.

The front camera has 32 MP.

In addition, the smartphone uses AI widely for photographing, as well as RAW format.
### Videos
The smartphone can shoot video 4K@30fps and ultra-slow 720p video at 960 hp or 1080p at 240 hp.
### Camera ratings
DxOMark rated the smartphone cameras at huawei mate 30 Pro level, which costs twice as much. Photos from Xiaomi Mi Note 10 received 130 points (Huawei — 132), and video from Xiaomi scored 102 points (Huawei only 100). Xiaomi Mi Note 10 thus finished second after the Huawei Mate 30 Pro, pushing the samsung Galaxy Note 10+ 5G into third place.
## Screen
The phone has a 6.47 inch OLED screen and Full HD+ resolution curved on the side edges. The manufacturer calls it "hyperbolic" for advertising purposes. The screen provides coverage of the DCI-P3 color space and is characterized by a contrast of 400 000:1.

The fingerprint scanner is built under the screen.
## Battery and charger
The model has a battery capacity of 5260 mAh (most of these models from other manufacturers have batteries capacity of 3000-3500 mAh).

Xiaomi Mi Note 10 has a fast charger with a capacity of 30 W. It can be charged up to 58% in half an hour, and up to 100% in 65 minutes.
## Availability
In China, the phone was presented on November 5, 2019, on November 6, a presentation was held in Spain, 14 — in Poland. In Ukraine, sales started on November 21, 2019.

## References 
## Related pages
*Xiaomi Mi Note 3
*Realme X2 Pro
Human sexual activity

shows a woman on top of a man. It also shows an erect penis, which is one of the signs of arousal in men. ]]
 painting in Pompeii, showing oral sex. ]]
**Human sexual behavior** refers to all the ways in which humans experience and live their sexuality. It includes acts done alone, for example masturbation, and acts done with a partner. Not all acts done with a partner are about sexual intercourse. All these acts  usually result in sexual arousal. Human sexual activity can also include things done to find new partners, or to attract their attention (for example courtship).

## Types of human sexual activity
Sexual activity has many different forms. Commonly, sexual activity involves foreplay, which is the act of making the partner feel good. Sexual activity can involve one or more people. Sexual activity may be different depending on the gender and sexual orientation of the people involved.

Some forms of sexual activity only involve one person, which is called autoeroticism. Some people have fetishes for objects, such as shoes, clothing, lingerie, leather, and rubber. Some people with fetishes have a sexual interest in certain actions, such as choking. However, some fetishes can be dangerous, some of which may cause injury.

In order to have good human sexual activity, both partners must agree to do sexual activity, and they must be at least a certain age. This is called consent. If sexual activity is forced or threatened, it is considered rape or another form of sexual assault. In different cultures and countries, various sexual activities may be lawful or illegal depending on the person's age, gender, status of marriage, or other reasons related to the participants of sexual activity. Some countries don't have laws against certain types of sexual activity, even if the sexual activity does not agree with social norms or generally accepted sexual morals.

## Related pages
*Pornography

## References
Ivan V of Russia

**Ivan V Alekseyevich** (,  &ndash; ) was a joint Tsar of Russia (with his younger half-brother Peter I) who co-reigned between 1682 and 1696.
Business Insider

***Business Insider*** is an international business news website. It was founded in 2007.

## Other websites 
* Official website
FC Vaduz

**Fussball Club Vaduz**, commonly known as **FC Vaduz**, is a Liechtenstein football club that is based in Vaduz. They play in the Swiss football league system. They currently play in the Swiss Super League.

## Honours
### Domestic competitions
*** Liechtenstein Football Championship**
:** Winners (1):** 1936
*** Liechtenstein Football Cup**
:** Winners (49) (World Record):** 1948–49, 1951–52, 1952–53, 1953–54, 1955–56, 1956–57, 1957–58, 1958–59, 1959–60, 1960–61, 1962, 1965–66, 1966–67, 1967–68, 1968–69, 1969–70, 1970–71, 1973–74, 1979–80, 1984–85, 1986, 1987–88, 1989–90, 1991–92, 1994–95, 1995–96, 1997–98, 1998–99, 1999–2000, 2000–01, 2001–02, 2002–03, 2003–04, 2004–05, 2005–06, 2006–07, 2007–08, 2008–09, 2009–10, 2010–11, 2012–13, 2013–14, 2014–15, 2015–16, 2016–17, 2017–18, 2018–19, 2021/22, 2022/23
::* Runners-up (13):* 1945–46, 1946–47, 1947–48, 1949–50, 1950–51, 1954–55, 1971–72, 1976–77, 1983–84, 1986–87, 1990–91, 1996–97, 2011–12

### Switzerland competitions
*** Swiss Challenge League (2nd tier)**
:** Winners (3):** 2002–03, 2007–08, 2013–14
::* Runners-up (3):* 2003–04, 2004–05, 2019–20

## References
## Other websites
*Erster offizieller Fanclub 04 
*FC Vaduz Ostschweizer Fussballverband (Swiss Football League)
Leslie West

in 2008]]
**Leslie West** (born **Leslie Weinstein**; October 22, 1945 – December 23, 2020) was an American rock guitarist, vocalist, and songwriter. He was best known as a founding member and co-lead vocalist of the hard rock band Mountain. West was born in New York City.

West died on December 23, 2020 in Palm Coast, Florida from a heart attack, aged 75.

## References
Alexander II of Russia

**Alexander II** (; 29 April 181813 March 1881) was Emperor of Russia, King of Poland and Grand Duke of Finland from 1855 until his assassination in 1881. Alexander's most significant liberal reform as emperor was the emancipation of Russia's serfs in 1861, for which he is known as **Alexander the Liberator**.

## Notes
## References
Ludvonga I

**Ludvonga I** (c. before 1670 - 1715) was the king of Swaziland. Out of all the Maswati kings, Ludvonga I was king for a very long time. He was a prominent member of the Jewish Community. 

Ludvonga fought for Spain loyal to Philip and the Kingdom of France during the War of Spanish Succession. He became a very successful general for France achieving victory against Great Britain in Menorca.

Often known as the "Moses of Southern Africa", Ludvonga I is considered as the main driving force behind the "Yiddish Renaissance" in modern day Eswatini.
Vibes (movie)

***Vibes*** is a 1988 American romantic adventure comedy movie directed by Ken Kwapis and starring Cyndi Lauper, Jeff Goldblum, Julian Sands, Peter Falk, Elizabeth Peña, Steve Buscemi, Van Dyke Parks, Park Overall, Max Perlich. It was distributed by Columbia Pictures and was not a box office success.

## Other websites
* 
*
David Kaye

2008 in Cincinnati, Ohio]]
**David V. Hope** (born October 14, 1964), better known by his stage name **David Kaye**, is a Canadian voice actor, best known for his roles in animation.

## Other websites
* 
* 
* 
* Interview with David Kaye – Jan 2004
Leg cricket

**Leg cricket** is a form of cricket where the players don't use a bat. It is played with the batters instead kicking the ball with their legs, and there is a distance of only about  from the kicker to the edge of the field. The ball is delivered to the kicker underarm by the bowler.Mr. S. Nagraj is known as the father of leg cricket. Mr. Verma is the present secretary of the International Leg Cricket Council and Leg Cricket Federation of India.

## Measurements 
The pitch is  wide and 42&nbsp;ft to 48&nbsp;ft long, (based on the age group and category of the players). 

; Pitch

; Boundary

; Stumps

## References
Un flic

***Un flic*** (; also known as ***Dirty Money***) is a 1972 French Italian crime thriller movie directed by Jean-Pierre Melville and starring Alain Delon, Catherine Deneuve, Richard Crenna, Michael Conrad, Paul Crauchet.

## Other websites
*
*
*
Alex Padilla

**Alejandro "Alex" Padilla** (born March 22, 1973) is an American politician serving as the senior United States senator from California since 2021. A member of the Democratic Party, Padilla was the 30th secretary of state of California from 2015 to 2021. He was also a member of the California State Senate and the Los Angeles City Council.

In November 2023, Padilla introduced a legislation in the Senate for the future of Puerto Rico. The Puerto Rico Status Act would create a referendum to decide the political status of Puerto Rico. The legislation deals with the status for Puerto Rico as a state as well as its independence and sovereignty in the United States.

## References
Kenya Moore

**Kenya Summer Moore** (born January 24, 1971) is an American actress, model, producer, author, television personality, and entrepreneur.

Moore co-starred in the Bravo series *The Real Housewives of Atlanta* beginning in 2012.  She was also was a member of the cast of *The Celebrity Apprentice 7* in 2015. Moore won the Miss USA contest in 1993 . She placed in the top 6  in that year's Miss Universe pageant. After thism she was in many movies and television shows. These include *Waiting To Exhale* (1995) and *Deliver Us From Eva* (2003), *The Steve Harvey Show* (1998) and *Girlfriends* (2004).

Moore has produced several movie projects, had a book published, and starred in her own exercise video. She is also known for her involvement in businesses. She is the founder of hair care brand, Moore Hair.

## References 
## Other websites
*
*Kenya Moore's Official Website 
*Game, Get Some! on Amazon.com
*Trois – Box Office Mojo
Mannan Hira

**Mannan Hira** (1956 – 23 December 2020) was a Bangladeshi dramatist and filmmaker. He was the recipient of 2006 Bangla Academy Literary Award in the drama category.

## Biography 
Hira was born on 1956 in Sirajganj, East Pakistan. He completed his higher secondary education from Rajshahi College.Then he graduated from University of Dhaka. 

He was the president of *Bangladesh Path Natok Parishad* and a member of *Aranyak Natyadal*. He had written around 15 theater plays.
In 2014, Hira debuted as a filmmaker through *Ekatturer Khudiram*.

Hira died on December 23, 2020 in Dhaka of a heart attack.

## References
Rebecca Luker

**Rebecca Luker** (April 17, 1961 – December 23, 2020) was an American actress, singer and recording artist. She appeared in many musical productions on Broadway. Her stage credits include *Mary Poppins*, *Show Boat* and *The Music Man*. Her voice type was soprano. 

Luker was  for three Tony Awards and two Drama Desk Awards. She played a part in opera star Plácido Domingo's recording of *The Broadway I Love* (1991). Off the stage, Luker also acted onscreen in television shows and movies. *The New York Times* compared her to actresses such as Barbara Cook and Julie Andrews.

Luker was born in Birmingham, Alabama. She grew up in Helena, Alabama. She married fellow actor and singer Danny Burstein in 2000.

Luker was diagosed with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) in late 2019. She died on December 23, 2020, in Manhattan, New York City. She was 59.

## References
## Other websites
*
*
Poisson point process

A **Poisson process** is a stochastic process. It counts the number of occurrences of an event leading up to a specified time. This is a counting process where the increments of time are independent of one another (the times do not overlap).

## Definition
The counting process known as the Poisson process is defined as:
* N(0) = 0.
* N(t) has independent increments.
* The number of arrivals in any window of time follows a Poisson distribution. 

Where N(t) is the total number of events that occur by time t.
Gnome Alone

***Gnome Alone*** is a 2017 computer animated comedy fantasy musical movie. It was made in the Cyprus and Greece released on November 2, 2017.

## Cast 
* Becky G as Chloe
* Josh Peck as Liam
* Tara Strong as Catherine
* Olivia Holt as Brittany
* David Koechner as Zamfeer
* Jeff Dunham as Quicksilver
* Patrick Stump as Alpha, Bravo, and Charlie
* Nash Grier as Trey
* Madison De La Garza as Tiffany and Chelsea
* George Lopez as Zook
* Steve Blum as Lead Troggs and the Troggs, evil creatures
* Fred Tastascione as Mega Trogg and more Troggs
* Ben Diskin as even more Troggs
* Taylore Rayne as Jess
* Salli Saffioti as Chloe's virtual assistant
* Loop group includes Zachery Callison, Amber Hood, Maxwell Mittelman, and Kari Wahlgren.

## References
Oppo F17 Pro

The **Oppo F17 Pro** is a phone developed by Oppo. It is the latest phone in the Oppo F Series, a range of devices marketed towards consumers looking a mid-range phone. The phone was released in India on September 7, 2020, and later went on the market in other countries by a different name, the Oppo A93. The phone has a single configuration with a price of ₹22990, but there is also a special "Diwali Edition" version of the phone, which features a Matte Gold version of the phone, which is boxed along with a 10000mAh power bank and a "Diwali Exclusive back case cover." This special edition sells for ₹23990.
Hymn to Liberty

The "**Hymn to Liberty**" () has been the national anthem of Greece since 1865

## Lyrics
### Greek original
### Translation
## References
Ivan VI of Russia

**Ivan VI Antonovich** (**Iván VI**; **Ioánn Antónovich**; ;  – ) was Tsar of Russia from 1740 to 1741 until he was removed from the position.

## Murder 
He was murdered in July 1764.
Gagauzia Radio Television

The **Gagauzia Radio Television** (GRT) is the only television channel based in Comrat and broadcasting in Gagauzia. Its name is **Gagauziya Radio Televizionu** in Gagauz Turkish. The channel is in Turkey and cooperates with the Turkish Radio and Television Corporation. It can be seen via satellite by Turksat 3A since 2018.

The channel started in the year 2000 with the help of TİKA and in 2004 was publicated as a independent channel that offered political, economic, social, cultural themes.

This channel organizes of the entry for Gagauzia in TSC.

## References
## Other websites 
*GRT Official Site
*Official Facebook account of GRT
*Official Twitter account of GRT
*Official Instagram account of GRT
*GRT Official YouTube channel of GRT
Igor Belanov

**Igor Ivanovich** (or **Ihor Ivanovych**) **Belanov** (born 25 September 1960) is a former Ukrainian footballer. He played for the Soviet Union football team.

## Career statistics
### Club
### International
### International goals
:''Scores and results list Soviet Union's goal tally first.''

## Honours
### Club
**Dynamo Kyiv**
*UEFA Cup Winners' Cup: 1985–86
*Soviet League: 1985, 1986
*Soviet Cup: 1985, 1987, 1990
*Soviet Super Cup: 1986, 1987
*UEFA Super Cup: Runner-up 1986

**Chornomorets Odessa**
*Ukrainian Premier League: Runner-up 1995–96

### International
**Soviet Union**
*UEFA European Football Championship: Runner-up 1988

### Individual
* Ballon D'Or: 1986
* UEFA Cup Winners' Cup: Top scorer 1985–86
* *World Soccer* magazine's Player of the Year: Runner-up 1986
* FIFA World Cup Bronze Boot: 1986
*Top assist provider: UEFA Euro 1988
* The World Cup's top 100 footballers of all time, by *The Times*
* Merited Master of Sports: 1986
* The best 33 football players of the Soviet Union (4): 1985 — No. 3, 1986 — No. 1, 1987 — No. 3, 1988 — No. 3
* FIFA XI: 1991, 1998
* Golden Foot: 2008, as a legend

## References
## Other websites
* Profile at UkrSoccerHistory 
* 
*
Melina Kanakaredes

**Melina Kanakaredes** (born April 23, 1967) is an American video game, television and soap opera actress. She played Dr. Sydney Hansen in the television series *Providence* on NBC. She later played Stella Bonasera on *CSI: NY* on CBS (2004 to 2010).

Kanakaredes was born in Akron, Ohio.

## Awards and nominations
## References
## Other websites 
*
Constance Moore

**Constance Moore** (January 18, 1920 or 1921 − September 16, 2005) was an American actress. She was best known for wartime musicals, including *Atlantic City* (1944), *Show Business* (also 1944) and *Buck Rogers* (1939). In the latter, she played Wilma Deering.

Moore was born in Sioux City, Iowa. She was later raised in various places. She died in Los Angeles, California after a long illness and of heart failure.

Many sources say Moore was born in 1920. Others say that she was born in 1921.

## References
Carrie Ann Inaba

**Carrie Ann Inaba** (born January 5, 1968) is an American television personality, choreographer, dancer, actress and singer. She is best known for her work on ABC's *Dancing with the Stars*. She also co-hosted and moderated the show *The Talk* on CBS.

Inaba began her career as a singer in Japan. She introduced herself by way of the show *In Living Color* (1990-1992). 

For five years, Inaba choreographed the Miss America pageant.

Inaba was born and raised in Honolulu, Hawaii.

## References
Oppo Electronics

**Oppo Electronics Corporation** is a Chinese commercial organization and manufacturer of consumer electronics. They were run by BBK Electronics until 2023.

The brand is registered in many countries worldwide. Oppo Digital Inc.'s USA division develops and manufactures audio-visual equipment, with a range of high-end Blu-ray players, headphones, and headphone amplifiers in the product line. In 2008, OPPO entered the portable electronics segment and launched its own mobile phone.

## History 
The brand name "Oppo" was registered in China in 2001 and launched in 2004 by Tony Chen in Dongguan, China. In 2005, they introduced their first device internationally, the Oppo X3 MP3 player.  Since then, the company has expanded to over 50 countries and become a major player in electronic devices around the world. selling its phones at more than 200,000 retail outlets. In 2018, Oppo Digital  announced that they were discontinuing their disc player business in major markets, and focusing on mobile devices. Oppo was the top smartphone brand in China in 2019 and was ranked fifth in market share worldwide.

## Branding 
The South Korean boy band 2PM prepared a song known as "Follow Your Soul" in a promotional deal with Oppo for launching its brand in Thailand in 2010. In June 2015, the company signed an agreement with FC Barcelona to become a sponsor of the Spanish football club.

In 2016, the Philippine Basketball Association tied up with this company as its official smartphone partner, starting at the 2016 PBA Commissioner's Cup.

## References
Judith Hoag

**Judith Hoag** (; born June 29, 1963

Hoag later played Tandy Hampton in the television series *Nashville*. After that, she played Stephanie Quinn in Syfy's fantasy series *The Magicians*.

Hoag was born in Newburyport, Massachusetts.

## References
## Other websites 
*
Jaye Jacobs

**Emma Jaye Jacobs** (born 27 May 1982), known professionally as **Jaye Jacobs**, is an English actress. She is best known for portraying the role of Donna Jackson in the BBC medical drama series *Holby City* (2004–2011, 2017–2022) and its sister show *Casualty* (2004–2005, 2010, 2019, 2023).

Jacobs also portrayed Sian Diamond in the BBC school-based drama series *Waterloo Road* (2011–2013), and Amber in the CBBC children's series *Millie Inbetween* (2014–2018).

## Personal life
Jacobs was born in Bristol and raised in Street, Somerset. She is of Jamaican descent.

## Other websites
*
European Radio for Belarus

**European Radio for Belarus** (**Eŭrapéjskaje Rádyjo dla Biełarúsi**, ERB, ) is a radio station and website. It is from Belarus. It was made on February 26, 2006. European Radio for Belarus works on FM, OIRT FM, Internet, and Satellite. Journalists of the station work from Minsk and Warsaw.

The radio station has one of the highest ratings among propaganda-free media in Belarus.

The site of European Radio for Belarus can't be opened in Belarus. It has been writing about the 2020 Belarusian protests and 2020 Belarusian presidential election, so journalists of the European Radio for Belarus have been tried and arrested for that. On July, 5, 2021, the Government of Belarus shut the house of European Radio for Belarus in Minsk. Since July 8, 2021, the second website of European Radio for Belarus can't be opened in Belarus.

In 2021 and 2022, Belarusian courts added the Telegram, YouTube, Instagram pages of the radio and its logo to the Republican list of extremist materials; in July 2022, the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Belarus named it as an extremist group. In 2022 and 2023, several people who have been interviewed by the radio were arrested and imprisoned for it on charges of helping extremist activity.

## Awards 
* ERB journalist Marina Shukjurova received ‘П’еро’ Award in Freedom of Speech nomination (2009);
* Dmitry Lukashuk got first prize at BAJ ‘Вольнае слова’ Competition (2015);
*Honorary Diploma of the Belarusian Association of Journalists for very good work of journalist Dmitry Lukashuk (video series "Idea X") (2019).

## References 
## Other websites 
*
Stella Tennant

**Stella Tennant** (17 December 1970 − 22 December 2020) was a British model and fashion designer. She posed for a number of magazines, including the French, British and Italian versions of *Vogue*. Tennant was born in London.

In June 2012, Tennant was honored as Model of the Year in the Scottish Fashion Awards Hall of Fame at its annual awards.

Tennant died suddenly on 22 December 2020 in Duns, Scottish Borders at the age of 50.

## References
All This and Heaven Too

***All This and Heaven Too*** is a 1940 American romantic drama movie directed by Anatole Litvak and was based on the 1938 novel of the same name by Rachel Field. It stars Bette Davis, Charles Boyer, Barbara O'Neil, June Lockhart, Virginia Weidler, Ann E. Todd, George Coulouris, Montagu Love and was distributed by Warner Bros.. It was nominated for 3 Academy Awards in 1941.

## Story 
Henriette Deluzy-Desportes, a governess in a troubled noble household, is accused of influencing a murder but is eventually cleared and moves to America. There, she becomes a teacher and is proposed to by a minister, suggesting a hopeful future.

## Reference 
## Other websites
* 
* 
*
Survival sex

People who are very poor and who cannot even cover their basic needs, such as getting a place where they live, or food, sometimes trade sexual intercourse to cover these needs. This practice is called **survival sex**. The term is used by sex trade, poverty researchers, and aid workers.  Very often, people who engage in survival sex are homeless. Sometimes, survival sex is used to get illegal drugs. 

Survival sex is common throughout the world. It has been studied in many countries including the United States, Canada, Mexico, the Philippines, Thailand, New Zealand, Colombia, Kenya, Uganda, and South Africa.

Researchers estimate that of homeless youth in North America, one in three has engaged in survival sex. In one study of homeless youth in Los Angeles, about one-third of females and half of males said they had engaged in survival sex. People who have been homeless for a longer time, who have become victims, or who have become criminals are more likely to engage in survival sex. This is also true for people who have attempted suicide, who are pregnant, or those who have a STI.

Survival sex is common in refugee camps. In Uganda, 1.4 million civilians have been displaced by conflicts between Ugandan government forces and the militant Lord's Resistance Army. Many of them live in refugee camps in northern Uganda. Human Rights Watch reported in 2005 that displaced women and girls in these camps were engaging in survival sex with other camp residents, local defense personnel, and Ugandan government soldiers.

## Related pages 
* Sexual capital

## References
Cynthia (movie)

***Cynthia*** is a 1947 American comedy drama movie directed by Robert Z. Leonard and was based on the 1945 play *The Rich, Full Life* by Viña Delmar. It stars Elizabeth Taylor, George Murphy, S. Z. Sakall, Mary Astor, Gene Lockhart, Spring Byington, Morris Ankrum and was distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer.

## Other websites
* 
* 
*
Rachael Harris

]]
**Rachael Elaine Harris** (born January 12, 1968) is an American comedienne and actress. She played Dr. Linda Martin on the show *Lucifer*. She played Mrs. Feldman's Friend in the movie *Starsky & Hutch*. She was also a guest star on television series, such as *Reno 911!*, *The Good Wife* and *Sister, Sister*.

Harris began in television on *SeaQuestDSV* in 1993. She later appeared in *Star Trek: Voyager* in 1997.

Harris played Susan Heffley in *Diary of a Wimpy Kid* and its sequels. In *Wreck-It-Ralph*, she voiced the character Deanna.

Harris was born in Worthington, Ohio.

## References
Abdulla Mohtadi

**Abdullah Mohtadi** (born 1949 in Bukan, Iran) is the leader of the Komala Party of Iranian Kurdistan. As a politician, he has played a prominent role in the Kurdish resistance struggle against the Iranian regime. Abdullah Mohtadi is also a member of the board of Iran's Transitional Council (ITC). In the international media, Abdulla Mohtadi is known as a political analyst of the Middle East, especially ongoing affairs of Iran and Iranian Kurdistan.

As of 2020, Iran is an Islamic republic, where Islamic leaders play an important role. Mohtadi wants to establish a secular state. He has called for democratic reforms. He also called for a society that respects many different opinions; this idea is known as pluralism.

## History 
Despite all the efforts to remain in secrecy, in the 1970s, Mohtadi was arrested three times. The last time he was arrested, Abdullah was sentenced to more than three years' imprisonment for his activism against the Shah regime. Since  SAVAK was unable to provide any evidence regarding Mohtadi's political actions, he was released from prison and now, his party should cope with its most important era of the pre-Islamic Revolution Iran. When Ayatollah Khomeini ordered a massive onslaught against Iranian Kurds in August 1979, Mohtadi emerged as a leader of the Kurdish resistance movement.

## Posts 
* Originator of the Komala Party (1969)
* Central Committee of Komala (1979)
* Secretary General of Komala (1980)
* Secretary General of the Communist Party (1983)
* Secretary General of Komala (2000)
* Secretary of the Iran's Transitional Council (2019)

## Other websites 
* Abdullah Mohtadi Remarks
* Interview with Mr. Abdullah Mohtadi, the Secretary General of the Komala Party of Iranian Kurdistan
* The Kurds and the Green Movement
* Regime change in Iran task for its people: Iranian Opposition Leader
* International Business Times
* Iran has engaged in murder campaign against Kurds 
* Islamic regime ‘are oppressors and liars’

## Books 
* مقدمه‌­ای بر گسست و گذار 
* شۆرش لە سەردەمی نوێدا

## References
Basic needs

shows what it calls basic needs in the lower part of the image. |514x514px]]
There have been several classifications of the needs of a person. While these classifications vary, they commonly place the **basic needs** at the lowest level. Basic needs are those that must be satisfied, to guarantee survival. According to Abraham Maslow these include:

* Needs of the body, or biological needs: breathing, warmth (clothing), food and drink, sleep
* Security: A place to live, health, protection from danger, law and order
* Social needs: friends/a partner, love, a sex life, communication

If these needs are not met the human body cannot function properly. Maslow considered physiological needs the most important of all. Maslow doesn't clearly say which of these are basic needs.

Absolute poverty has been defined as being unable to satisfy basic needs, or spending most of the income on satisfying those needs.

## References
Soumaïla Cissé

**Soumaïla Cissé** (20 December 1949 – 25 December 2020) was a Malian politician. He served as the nation's Minister of Finance from 1993 to 2000. He stood three times as a presidential candidate, in 2002, 2013 and 2018. He was defeated in a second round of voting each time. He became president of the Union for the Republic and Democracy, a political party, in 2014.

Cissé was born in Nianfuke, near Timbuktu. He married Astan Traore in 1978. On 26 March 2020, Cissé was taken hostage in the Tombouctou Region by Jama'at Nasr al-Islam wal Muslimin, a militant Islamist group. He was released on 6 October 2020.

In late 2020, Cissé was taken to France for treatment of COVID-19. He died in Paris on 25 December 2020 at the age of 71.

## References
Nepal Nag

**Nepal Nag** (September 19, 1909 – October 4, 1978) was a Bengali politician, activist and a leader of Communist Party. He was involved in Indian independence movement and Bengali language movement.

## Biography 
Nag was born on 19 September 1909 in Tejgaon, Dhaka. His father's name is Suresh Chandra Nag. In 1923, he joined 'Srisangha' directed by Leela Nag. 

He was arrested by the police on April 21, 1932. While in Deuli prison, he was introduced to the communist ideology by the Marxist poet and veteran revolutionary Rebati Varman. After his release, he became a member of the then Communist Party of India. 

He represented the East Pakistan Provincial Communist Party at the 1970 World Communist Conference in Moscow. He also represented the Communist Party of East Pakistan at the 22nd Congress of the Communist Party of Russia in 1971.

Nag retired from politics in 1982. He died on October 4, 1978 in Kolkata, aged 69.

## Awards 
* *Friends of liberation war award* 2012 (Bangladesh).

## References
Homer vs. Patty and Selma

"**Homer vs. Patty and Selma**" is the 17th episode of the 6th season of ***The Simpsons***. It was first shown on the Fox network on February 26, 1995.

## Other websites 
*
*
*
Weberbauerella chilensis

***Weberbauerella chilensis*** is a Dalbergiae legume species close to *W. brogniartiodes*; with a prostrate habit and shorter leaflets. This species was found in Peru.

## References
Geology of Australia

The **geology of Australia** records over 3.8 billion years of the Earth's history. Australia is a continent on the Indo-Australian Plate. It is immensely old, and has rocks of many different types.

Like its close neighbour, New Guinea, Australia was once part of the southern supercontinent of Gondwanaland. Geologically, they are on the same tectonic plate. When world sea levels were low, the two shared shorelines (which now lie 100 to 140 metres below sea level). They combined with lands now under water, sometimes known as Greater Australia. The two huge countries became separated when the area now known as the Torres Strait flooded after the end of the last glacial period. Big as Australia is, it was much bigger in the past. The end of the last ice age saw sea levels rise, and the old connections were broken.

## Blocks
The main continental blocks of the Australian continent are;
* The Yilgarn Craton, of Archaean age. The Murchinson Province of the craton has the oldest dated meteorite impact crater: 2229 ± 5 mya. (the Yarrabubba crater).

* The Pilbara Craton of Archaean to Proterozoic age
* The Gawler Craton and Willyama Block, of Archaean to Proterozoic age.

Around them are several Proterozoic volcanic belts and sedimentary basins. The cratons formed the greater Australian landmass in the late Archaean to mesoProterozoic, (~2400 mya to 1,600 mya).

* Musgrave Block of granulite gneiss and igneous rocks.
* The Arunta Block of amphibolite grade metamorphic rocks and granites.
* The Gascoyne Complex, Glengarry Basin, and Bangemall Basin sandwiched between the Yilgarn and Arunta Blocks.

The older, western, two-thirds of the continent is much thicker (over 200 km thick) than the eastern third (about 38 to 59 km thick). The continental crust is mainly made of Archaean, Proterozoic and some Palaeozoic granites and gneisses. A thin veneer of mainly Phanerozoic sedimentary basins cover much of the Australian landmass (these are up to 7&nbsp;km thick).

## Meteorite craters 
Many meteorite craters have been found in Australia, but few have yet been confirmed.
*Gosses Bluff crater (Tnorala) in southern Northern Territory. Confirmed, 22km diameter, 142.5 mya (Lower Cretaceous).
*Shoemaker crater (central Western Australia). Confirmed, 30km+, 1630 mya (Proterozoic).
*Wolf Creek crater (Western Australia). Confirmed, 875 m, Pleistocene, ~150 kya.

The Earth Impact Database lists 190 confirmed craters, of which Australia has 27. The largest is the Yarrabubba crater in mid Western Australia. Its estimated age is 2.229 billion years ago. It is one of the oldest known impact structures on Earth.

## References
Georgie Glen

**Georgie Glen** (born 20 April 1956) is a versatile Scottish actress, known for her extensive work in British television and film.

One of her most recognised roles is Miss Higgins in the BBC drama *Call the Midwife*, where she portrays a strict but kindhearted receptionist at Nonnatus House. Her character's warmth and wit has endeared her to fans of the show. Glen is also well known for her portrayal of Audrey McFall, the no-nonsense history teacher in the long-running BBC school drama *Waterloo Road*. Additional high-profile roles have included Lady Fermoy in long-running British drama The Crown.

Beyond TV, Georgie Glen has appeared in several high-profile films. She played notable supporting roles in *Shakespeare in Love* (1998), *Calendar Girls* (2003), and *Les Misérables* (2012). Her work in these films demonstrated her skill in bringing depth to smaller roles, contributing significantly to the ensemble casts of major productions.

Throughout her career, Glen has been celebrated for her ability to embody strong, authoritative, yet approachable women, with a flair for both drama and comedy. Though often in supporting roles, her consistency and range have made her a well-respected figure in British acting.

## Other websites 
*
TeamTO

**TeamTO** is an independent French animation studio that produces TV series and movie projects. It was based in Paris. It has a second production facility in Bourg-les-Valence, with offices in Los Angeles, California, U.S., Beijing, China and London, England, United Kingdom.[2] The studio was founded in 2005 by Guillaume Hellouin, Corinne Kouper and Caroline Souris.[1]

* 2007: *Zoé Kézako* (Season 2)
* 2009: *Hareport*
* 2010: *Babar and the Adventures of Badou* (Season 1-3)
* 2010: *Angelo Rules* (Season 1-4)[3]
* 2010: Oscar's Oasis
* 2011: *Plankton Invasion*
* 2013: *Rabbids Invasion* (Season 1-3) 
* 2016: *Skylanders Academy* (Season 1–3)[4] 
* 2016: *My Knight and Me*
* 2018: *PJ Masks* (Season 2-4)
* 2019: *Mighty Mike*
* 2019: *Ricky Zoom*
* 2014: *SOS Fairy Manu*
* 2016: *Papaya Bull*
* 2019: *Gigablaster*
* 2022: The Creature Cases

## References
Pampas cat

The **pampas cat** or **gato de las pampas** (*Leopardus pajeros* or *Leopardus colocolo*) is a small wild cat that lives in the Andes mountain range.  They live in Argentina, Chile, Bolivia, Peru, Uruguay, Brazil, Ecuador, and Colombia.

This cat lives in many kinds of habitats: cloud forests, swamps, scrublands, and grasslands.

The first visual recordings of the pampas cat, a movie and photos, were made in 2006.

## References
Tropicbird

**Tropicbirds** are pelagic seabirds that occur in tropical areas and seas of the world. There are three living species. Before they were put in their own group, they were thought to belong to the Pelicanformes (which also contains pelcans, cormorants and gannets).

## References
David Proval

, 2008]]
**David Aaron Proval** (born May 20, 1942) is an American actor. He is known for his roles as Tony DeVienazo in the Martin Scorsese movie *Mean Streets* (1973) and as Richie Aprile on the HBO crime drama series *The Sopranos*.

Proval's other movie credits include *The Monster Squad* (1987), *UHF* (1989), *Innocent Blood* (1992), *The Shawshank Redemption* (1994), *Four Rooms* (1995), *The Phantom* (1996), *Mob Queen* (1998), *The Siege* (1998), *Bookies* (2003) and *Balls of Fury*. He has also had roles in television shows such as *Picket Fences*, *Boomtown*, *Everybody Loves Raymond*, *Kojak*, *The Equalizer*, *Miami Vice*, *Friday the 13th: The Series* and *The West Wing*.

Proval was born in Brooklyn, New York City. He is Jewish.

## References
## Other websites
*
Brian Tyree Henry

**Brian Tyree Henry** (born March 31, 1982) is an American actor. He is best known for his role as Alfred "Paper Boi" Miles in the FX comedy-drama series *Atlanta*. He also appeared as Lemon in the 2022 action-comedy movie *Bullet Train*.

In 2023, he was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for his role in the movie *Causeway*.

## References
Grosse Ile (Michigan)

**Grosse Ile**  is the largest island in the Detroit River. It is the most populated island in the state of Michigan. It is on the American side of the river and is part of Wayne County.

## References
Bill Holm (art historian)

**Bill Holm** (24 March 1925 – 16 December 2020) was an American art historian and author. He was born in Roundup, Montana.

Many of his works focused on Indigenous Northwest Coast art. He was Professor Emeritus of Art History, and Curator Emeritus of Northwest Coast Indian Art at the Burke Museum of Natural History and Culture. He was a professor at the University of Washington in Seattle.

Holm died on 16 December 2020 at the age of 95.

## References
Trace radioisotope

A **trace radioisotope** is a radioactive isotope of an element which exists naturally in tiny amounts (i.e. traces). Generally speaking, trace radioisotopes have half-lives much shorter than the age of the Earth.

Trace radioisotopes occur in the atmosphere and the crust of the Earth. They are constantly produced by natural processes such as cosmic ray fission: high-energy cosmic ray striking atoms and causing them to split into smaller nuclei). 

Another mechanism is neutron capture in uranium ores causing the production of nuclei such as uranium-236 and plutonium-239, which are both radioactive isotopes. Spontaneous fission and alpha decay of heavy nuclei such as thorium and uranium also produce radioisotopes in traces as their intermediate decay products.

## References
OxygenOS

**OxygenOS** () - OS on base Android, developed by a Chinese smartphone manufacturer OnePlus exclusively for their smartphones. OxygenOS was developed for the global marketplace. There is also another version of the OS developed specifically for the China market called **HydrogenOS**.

In an interview published by 3 September 2016, developers XDA found that OnePlus "actively combines both platforms (OxygenOS and HydrogenOS) into a single cohesive operating system".
## Features
Notable features of versions 2.0 and 2.1.1 include permissions Program, Waves MaxxAudio, SwiftKey keyboard, screen gestures, custom icons, dark mode, manual camera mode, and RAW support for third-party apps like Camera FV-5 2.75.

On 14 June 2016, OnePlus released OxygenOS 3.0. This is the version Android with several modifications and internal customizations like gestures, a shell and a dark mode from OnePlus.

On 31 December 2016, OnePlus released OxygenOS 4.0.0 based on Android Nougat and includes its features and several other modifications to the general public through downloads via OTA.

On 31 January 2018, OnePlus released OxygenOS 5.0.3 based on Android Oreo to the general public through OTA downloads. In May 2018, OnePlus released OnePlus 6 with OxygenOS based on Android Oreo 8.1.

On 29 October 2018, OnePlus released the OnePlus 6T from OxygenOS 9.0 based on Android Pie.

On 25 December 2018, OnePlus released OxygenOS 9.0.0 based on Android Pie for OnePlus 5/5T to the general public via OTA.

On 14 October 2020, OnePlus released The OxygenOS 11 based on Android 11 for OnePlus 8T models and other 8 series models. They introduced many features such as AOD (Always on Display) and One Handed Mode Better Experience. OxygenOS's latest version is faster, smoother, and smarter than ever.
### Privacy issues
On 10 October 2017, a security researcher discovered that OxygenOS system service called "DeviceManagerService" collects sensitive data and transmits it back to OnePlus servers. The service collects many data points, including the serial number of the device, the phone number, IMEI, network connections and time records of user activity in each application. Users can delete the system service through ADB. OnePlus later released a statement on data collection and analytics, arguing that the data is only used to improve and optimize the system, is not shared with third parties and can be disabled by users in system settings. OnePlus also says they are reviewing the data analysis mechanism and no longer collecting certain data.

## History
In 2014, OnePlus promised the experience is "close to pure Android, without bloation and with great customization capabilities." Soon they held a contest "Name the firmware" in search of a name. On 30 January 2015, OnePlus officially announced the names OxygenOS and HydrogenOS. The winner of this @Midifire from Belgium was taken to the headquarters in Shenzhen, where he met with the team with their general manager Pete Lau.
Bill Sveinson

**William Martin Sveinson** (July 7, 1946 – December 17, 2020) was a Canadian professional poker player and politician. Sveinson was a Member of the Legislative Assembly (MLA) in Saskatchewan from 1982 to 1986. He was a member of the Saskatchewan Liberal Party. Sveinson was born in Wadena, Saskatchewan.

Sveinson died on December 17, 2020 in Edmonton, Alberta at the age of 74.

## References
Two Men in Manhattan

***Two Men in Manhattan*** () is a 1959 French crime movie directed by Jean-Pierre Melville (who also stars) and also starring Pierre Grasset, Christiane Eudes, Monique Hennessy, Glenda Leigh.

## Other websites
*
Roger Berlind

**Roger Stuart Berlind** (June 27, 1930December 18, 2020) was an American theatre producer and businessman. Berlind was born in New York City. He worked for Lehman Brothers. Berlind won fifteen Tony Awards for many of his stage productions. He produced *Amadeus*, *The Book of Mormon* and *Guys and Dolls*.

Berlind died in New York City on December 18, 2020 of cardiopulmonary arrest at the age of 90.

## References
Tank (movie)

***Tank*** is a 1984 American action comedy movie directed by Marvin J. Chomsky and starring James Garner, Shirley Jones, C. Thomas Howell, Mark Herrier, James Cromwell, Jenilee Harrison. It was distributed by Universal Pictures.

## Other websites
* 
*