open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Val-d'Oronaye

'''Val-d'Oronaye''' is an alpine commune on the Italian border in Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur in the Alpes-de-Haute-Provence department in southeastern France. The municipality was created on 1 January 2016 and consists of the former communes of Larche and Meyronnes (the seat). In 2022, 98 people lived there.

## Related pages 
* Communes of the Alpes-de-Haute-Provence department

## References 
## Other websites 
*
Rockstar Leeds

**Rockstar Leeds Limited**, formerly known as **Möbius Entertainment Limited**, is a British video game developer owned by Rockstar Games since 2004. It was founded in December 1997 in the Stanningley area of Pudsey, England.
Piano Concerto No. 6 (Beethoven)

**Piano Concerto No. 6** in D major, Hess 15, is a piano concerto by Ludwig van Beethoven that was not completed. It is not to be mixed up with the transcription by the Beethoven for piano and orchestra of the Violin Concerto in D Major, Op. 61, which can be called the 6th Piano Concerto.

## Description
Beethoven spent a lot of time on the concerto in the end of 1814 and start of 1815. He made seventy pages of sketches for the first movement, and started writing a full score that is almost completed from the start of the movement to the middle of the solo beginning (bar 182), but the writing starts to be less clear as the work goes on and there are signs that the composer was not happy with or could not decide on some parts.

A complete first movement was made by British scholar Nicholas Cook in 1987.

## References
*
Violin Concerto in C (Beethoven)

The **Violin Concerto** in C major, WoO 5 is a concerto by Ludwig van Beethoven  from 1790–1792.

## Description 
Only a 259-bar part of the first movement in Beethoven's writing is still around, and is kept in the Gesellschaft der Musikfreunde in Vienna. There is argument about if this is a part of a completed movement, the completed concerto, or was never completed. 

The work is written for solo violin, flute, two oboes, two bassoons, two French horns and strings.

## References
**Notes**

**Sources**
*
Abduction of Yazidis by Ba’athist Iraqi authorities

In July 1996,  of the **Yazidi** community in Mosul, Iraq, were arrested by the Iraqi government. Since then, they have not been seen again, and their fate is unknown.

The arrests happened during the Kurdish civil war. At the time, the Iraqi government often used repressive measures against ethnic and religious minorities, including Yazidis. 

Human rights organizations reported the arrests, but there was no official explanation or legal process. As of the latest reports, the individuals remain disappeared, with no confirmed information about their status.

## Related pages 
* Yazidi genocide
* Human rights in Iraq
* Yazidis

## References
Telmatobius punctatus

The **Huánaco water frog** (*Telmatobius punctatus*) is a frog.  It lives in Peru.

## Home
This frog  lives in streams in cloud forests and puna places.  Scientists saw this frog between  2300 and 3000 meters above sea level in valleys between the Andes Mountains.

Scientists have seen this frog one protected park: Nor Yauyos-Cochas Landscape Reserve.

## Young
People see the tadpoles swimming in streams that have plants growing in them.

## Danger
Scientists from the IUCN say this frog is in big danger of dying out and Peru's Categorization in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna says it is in very big danger of dying out. Potato farms, mines, and houses put bad chemicals in the water. Human beings cut down too many trees. People also use this frog to use in food and medicine. Scientists believe the fungal disease chytridiomycosis could kill this frog too, but they have not found the fungus *Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis* on this frog yet.

## Papers
*
*

## References
Telmatobius simonsi

The **sucre water frog** (*Telmatobius simonsi*) is a frog.  It lives in Bolivia.
## Home
This frog spends almost all its time in the water.  It lives in streams in cloud forests and Yungas forests. People see them on rocks and in the mud at the bottoms of streams. Scientists saw this frog between 1000 and 2800 meters above sea level in valleys between the Andes Mountains.

Scientists have seen this frog in some protected parks: Parque Nacional El Palmar and Parque Nacional Amboró.

## Danger
Scientists from the IUCN say this frog is in very big danger of dying out.  There were many of these frogs years ago, but a lot of them died at the same time.  Scientists believe the fungus *Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis* killed the frogs by giving them the fungal disease chytridiomycosis, which has killed many frogs in South America. Human beings also change the places where the frog lived to make farms, to get wood to build with, put bad chemicals in the water, and let animals eat grass near the frogs' home.

## References
Yancy Butler

**Yancy Victoria Butler** (born July 2, 1970) is an American actress. She is known for playing the character Natasha Binder in the 1993 film *Hard Target.* She also played Jess Crossman in *Drop Zone* (1994). Another of her acting roles was Detective Sara Pezzini on the TV show *Witchblade.* She won a Saturn Award for acting in *Witchblade*.

Butler graduated from Sarah Lawrence College in 1991.

## References
Yacht rock

**Yacht rock** is a type of music. At first it was called the **West Coast sound** or **adult-oriented rock.** It is a lot like soft rock. Soft rock was one of the most popular types of music from the mid-1970s to the mid-1980s. Yacht rock was influenced (shaped) by other kinds of music like smooth soul, smooth jazz, R&B, and disco. Yacht rock songs usually have high-quality production, clean vocals, and a focus on light, catchy melodies. This kind of music was first called *yacht rock* in 2005 by the people who made an online comedy video series that was also named *Yacht Rock.* These people made the connection between the music and boating. Calling it “yacht rock” was thought of as an insult by some music reviewers.

## References
XO (song)

"**XO**" is a song by Beyoncé. It is the lead single from the singer’s fifth studio album, which was also called *Beyoncé*. The song came out on December 16, 2013. Beyoncé, Ryan Tedder, and Terius Nash wrote the song. It is a medium-speed pop and electro-rock ballad. The instruments are synthesizers and drums. It uses hip-hop parts and has a call and response chorus (where the singer says something and the audience says something back). It is a love song. It is about a person who wants a lasting and stable romance even as life changes.

The song starts with audio from the challenger disaster. The families of the people who died criticized (said that they did not like) the audio being used. 

## References
Der glorreiche Augenblick

***Der glorreiche Augenblick***, Op. 136 (The glorious moment) is a cantata by Ludwig van Beethoven.

## Composition
*Der glorreiche Augenblick* was written for the start of the Congress of Vienna after the end of the Napoleonic Wars. 

The cantata is written for two sopranos, tenor and bass soloists, chorus and orchestra. It uses words by . The Cantata was made in 1814, but not made public until 1837. This is why it has a big opus number. The cantata was first played on November 29th 1814, where it was said that all of the Congress of Vienna came to hear it, such Austrian chancellor Klemens von Metternich, Emperor Alexander I of Russia and King Frederick William III of Prussia.

## Structure
The work has six movements:
#Chorus "Europa steht!"
#Recitative "O seht sie nah' und näher treten!"
#Aria with chorus "O Himmel, welch' Entzücken!"
#Recitative "Das Auge schaut"
#Recitative and quartet "Der den Bund im Sturme fest  gehalten"
#Chorus: "Es treten hervor"

## Instrumentation
:The work is written for SATB choir, Children’s choir (last movement only), 4 soloists (soprano, mezzo-soprano, tenor and bass), piccolo (last movement only), 2 flutes, 2 oboes, 2 clarinets in A, B♭ and C, 2 bassoons, 4 horns in many keys, 2 trumpets in various keys, 3 trombones (alto, tenor and bass),triangle, bass drum and cymbals (last movement only), timpani, violins, violas, cellos, and double basses.
:
:The soloists are characters. The soprano is the city of Vienna, the mezzo-soprano is the Prophetess, the tenor is the Genius and the bass is the Leader of the People.

## References
## Other websites
*
Mas-Kom-Yah

**Mas-Kom-Yah** is a theater play written by the future mayor of Istanbul, Prime Minister of Turkey and President of Turkey, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan in 1975, based on the book *Kızıl Pençe* ("Red Claw") written by the Islamist preacher Mustafa Bayburtlu. The name Mas-Kom-Yah is an abbreviation for ***Mas**on, **Kom**ünist ve **Yah**udi* (Freemason, Communist and Jew).

## Plot 
The non-religious factory owner Ayhan Bey sends his son abroad for education. Years later, the son, having left Islam, returns to Turkey. This leads to a fight between Ayhan Bey and his son. At the same time, the factory owner's workers rebel and take over Ayhan Bey's property. They are incited by a Jewish worker pretending to be a Turkish Muslim. He is shown in the play as extremely evil, and in the end incites his colleagues to murder Ayhan Bey.

## References
Mangang (ancient tribe)

The **Mangang tribes** () were an ancient tribe of Ancient Kangleipak (early Manipur). They are regarded as the one of the earliest groups to settle in the region.

## Early history 
According to the Ningthourol Lambuba, the Mangangs were a pre-Pakhangba clan that lived in the Loijing Hills, now part of the Koubru-Leimaton range to the west of the Imphal Valley. They were among the first ethnic groups in the region and also ruled at Kangla and its surrounding areas. Their region comprised the heart of the Ningthouja kingdom in later periods.
## Related pages 
* Meitei confederacy
* Yek Salai
* Ningthouja dynasty
* Mangang
* Khaba Nganba
* Naothingkhong

## References
Nongyai (ancient tribe)

The **Nongyais** () were an ancient and numerous prominent tribe in Ancient Kangleipak (early Manipur). Gradually, they became connected with the Khuman clan (), and the term *Khuman-Nongyai* () started to represent their merged identity. Historically, the *Khumans* were also known as *Adon* () or *Nongyai* (), showing this deep-rooted connection.

## History 
The **Nongyais** were related to the *Nongbal* (*Nongpan*) tribes. They established a network of early communities in the northern regions by living side by side with other early tribes like the *Nongpans* and *Wangams*. After that, the *Nongyais* migrated eastward to the area near *Yaingangpokpi* on the valley's eastern edge. Finally, they moved south and joined the Khumans to become the combined group known historically as the *Khuman-Nongyai*.

## Related pages 
* Meitei confederacy
* Ancestors of Yek Salai
* Khuman
* Meitei people
* Ningthouja dynasty

## References
Phantek (ancient tribe)

The **Luwang Phantek**, shortly called **Phantek** (), was a sub-tribe of the Luwang clan, in ancient Kangleipak (early Manipur). They were previously a paternal sub-tribe of the Angom clan but were maternally merged into the Luwang identity after the death of Luwang Ningthou Punshiba before they were subdued by the Khumans.

### Founding Lineages 
*Khoidom* started the *Luwang Phantek* lineage, It was bordered by *Luwang Yumlen* and the Meitei kingdom in the north, the Moirang kingdom in the south, Loktak Lake in the east, and the western hills in the west.

* *Khoidom*
* *Pana*
* *Pumingnabakhoi*
* *Tarung*
* *Kaisu*
* *Nanphou* (*Maphou*)
* *Kaimu*
* *Phantek* *Shoknaiba*
*Phantek Shoknaiba* enjoyed the status of king. He married Khayoiron Haoreima, the daughter of the Khuman king Chingkhong Thonggraiba.

## Dissolution 
Once *Phantek Shoknaiba* planned to kill the *Khuman king, Chingkhong Thongraiba*, by inviting him to a feast. After the defeat, the Phantek principality was subdued and absorbed into the Khuman kingdom, marking the end of its independence.

## Related pages 
* Luwang
* Yek Salai
* Angom Salai

## References
Kege (ancient tribe)

The **Kege** (), also spelled **Keke** (), was an ancient tribal group in Ancient Kangleipak (early Manipur). They are believed to have originated from the Kabaw Valley region and later settled in the southern areas of the Imphal Valley. Gradually, the *Kege* merged with the *Moirang* people, forming a composite identity known as *Kege-Moirang*.

## Origin and migration 
The *Kege* were a mixed ethnic group primarily associated with the *Moriya* () principality in the *Kabaw Valley* () of present-day *Upper Myanmar*, according to some historical accounts. The *Kege* is believed to have contained elements of the *Pyu*, *Tai*, *Chin*, *Sakya* (*Chakha*), and other Tibeto-Burman populations. They most likely arrived in the southern Imphal Valley before the *Moirangs*' arrival.

## Settlement areas 
The Kege initially settled in the *Ethai* () region, which is southeast of the later Moirang territory. They gradually spread to neighbouring regions, such as *Ngangkha-rawai* () which now makes up a large portion of the southern Imphal Valley. These regions developed into their main habitat and the hub from which they communicated with nearby communities.

## Gallery 

Different ways to write "KeKe" in Classical Meitei Mayek writing system (Traditional Meetei Mayek script).jpg

## Related pages 
* Moirang
* Yek Salai
* Moirang Kangleirol
* Ancestors of Yek Salai Taret

## References
Khuyon (ancient tribe)

The **Khuyons** were an ancient tribe of Ancient Kangleipak (early Manipur). They were believed to be the first group of people to migrate to Moirang and were one of the components that made up the Moirang Salai. The *Khuyons* are believed to be of *neo-Tibetan* origin.

They occupied the southern parts of Ancient Moirang including the Thangjing Hill led by the *Khuyon Khunda Hanba*, the chief of the *Khuyon* tribe. Other groups also followed the steps of the *Khuyons* and settled in the southern parts of Moirang.

## Related pages 
* Ancient Moirang
* Moirang
* Thangching
* Khuyol Haoba

## References
Senu (Thoibi's maid)

**Senu** (), also spelled as ***Shenu***, originally ***Sennu*** or ***Shennu*** (), was an achanbi (favorite maid) and a close friend of Princess Thoibi of the ancient Moirang kingdom. She was loyal to Thoibi and supported her whenever possible. She was an important character in the Khamba Thoibi classical epic of Moirang Kangleirol genre of Meitei mythology and folklore.

## Name 
The name Senu (), also spelled Shenu, is derived from Sennu or Shennu () in the Meitei language. It comes from Sen/Shen (), meaning to look after or to take care, combined with Nu (), a feminine suffix.

## Role and character 
Senu knew the private wishes and feelings of Princess Thoibi. She often acted on Thoibi’s signals and helped her in secret matters. At times, Senu distracted other people when Thoibi wanted privacy.

### Relationship with Princess Thoibi 
Senu had a trusted relationship with Princess Thoibi. She worked for Thoibi at all times and helped her meet Khuman Khamba, who later became Thoibi’s husband.

## Notable events 
]]

During the first meeting between Thoibi and Khuman Khamba at the verandah of Thoibi’s father’s house, Senu welcomed Khamba after receiving a secret signal from Thoibi.

Senu accompanied Thoibi during the traditional indoor game of playing kang. In this game, Thoibi was able to meet Khuman Khamba at the play station.

Senu also went with Thoibi to the women-only fishing event called Een Chingba () at Loktak Lake. When Khuman Khamba arrived there suddenly, Senu received a signal from Thoibi and distracted the other women. This left Thoibi alone with Khuman Khamba in the middle of the lake.

## Separation and reunion with Thoibi 
Senu could not accompany Princess Thoibi when Thoibi was exiled to the Kabaw (Kabo) region, a tributary region of the Moirang kingdom. The exile was ordered by Thoibi’s father, Crown Prince Chingkhu Akhuba. Senu remained in Moirang during this time. They reunited after Princess Thoibi returned from exile.

## Related pages 
## References
Pheiroijamba

]]

**Pheiroijamba** (, also spelled **Feiroijamba**) is a figure from the traditional Moirang Kangleirol stories of the ancient Moirang kingdom. He is the son of Chaoba Nongthon, a Moirang official and guardian of the orphaned children of the warrior Puremba. Pheiroijamba is the husband of Khamnu, the elder sister of Khamba, making him brother-in-law of Khamba and son-in-law of Puremba and Ngangkha Leima.

Pheiroijamba was a son-in-law of King Chingkhu Telheiba of Moirang, as his wife Khamnu was biologically the king’s daughter but was raised by Puremba, just like her younger brother Khamba, who also became a son-in-law of the Moirang royal family by marrying Princess Thoibi, the daughter of the king’s younger brother, Chingkhu Akhuba.

## Early life and adoption 
Pheiroijamba was brought by Chaoba Nongthon to his household and raised as his son. Being childless, Chaoba Nongthon personally cared for Pheiroijamba, ensuring his proper upbringing and training. He was raised alongside Khamnu and her younger brother Khamba, the children of Puremba and Ngangkha Leima, who had been orphaned after Puremba’s death and Ngangkha Leima’s return to heaven.

## Marriage and family 
In accordance with prior arrangements made between Chaoba Nongthon and Puremba, Pheiroijamba married Khamnu when they reached adulthood. Through this marriage, he became directly connected to the lineage of Puremba and Ngangkha Leima, reinforcing the protection and continuity of the family. As Khamnu’s husband, he was closely involved in the lives of her family, including Khamba, his brother-in-law.

## Assistance to Khamba 
Pheiroijamba always supported Khamba throughout his youth and adulthood. He discovered that Khamba was nearly killed during an assassination attempt by Chingkhu Akhuba, the younger brother of King Chingkhu Telheiba. Pheiroijamba immediately informed others and, together with his father Chaoba Nongthon, formally complained to King Chingkhu Telheiba about the incident, ensuring that justice was delivered without bias.

He also helped Khamba in the national racing championship, where Khamba faced attempts to be cheated by his rival, Angom Nongban Kongyamba. Pheiroijamba intervened and helped ensure fairness during the competition. Beyond these specific incidents, Pheiroijamba consistently supported Khamba whenever he faced danger, threats, or injustice.

## Legacy 
Pheiroijamba is remembered in the Moirang Kangleirol stories as a devoted son, husband, and brother-in-law, whose loyalty to his family and protective actions were important to the survival and success of Khamba and Khamnu.

## Related pages 
* Pheiroijam

## References
PubChem

**PubChem** is a database of chemical molecules and their activities against biological assays. The system is maintained by the National Center for Biotechnology Information, which is part of the National Institutes of Health of USA.

The usage of the database is free of fees.

## References
Microsoft v. MikeRoweSoft

***Microsoft v. MikeRoweSoft*** was a legal case in 2004. It was between the company Microsoft and a 17-year-old student from Canada named Mike Rowe. Rowe made a website called **MikeRoweSoft.com**. The name sounded like "Microsoft". Microsoft said this was too close to their company name and asked him to give it up.

## Background 
Mike Rowe made the website in 2003 for his small web design business. He chose the name as a joke, using his real name and adding "soft". Microsoft said this broke their trademark and first offered him $10 to give up the name.

Rowe asked for $10,000 instead. Microsoft then sent him a long legal letter. They said he was cybersquatting, which means using a name to get money from a big company.

## Public reaction and deal 
The story became popular in the news. Many people supported Rowe. His website got so many visitors that it went offline. Microsoft got bad publicity and later agreed to a deal.

Rowe gave Microsoft the website name. In return, he got:

* an Xbox with games  
* a trip to Microsoft in Redmond, Washington  
* help with Microsoft training  
* money to pay his costs  
* a subscription to a Microsoft developer program  

He made a new website called MikeRoweForums.com. Rowe also gave most of the money people sent him to a children's charity called Canuck Place.

## After the case 
After the case, Rowe sold the legal papers on eBay. Many people looked at the auction, but most of the high bids were fake. The real final price was $1,037.

Later, Microsoft said they may have been too strict. Some experts said Microsoft had to protect their trademark. Others said Rowe could have won because he was using his real name.

## Other websites 
* Microsoft official website
* Archived version of MikeRoweSoft.com
* Reddit AMA with Mike Rowe
Ukai Kappa

**Ukai Kappa** () is an annual royal archery ceremony, described in the Khamba Thoibi, a classical Meitei epic from the Moirang Kangleirol genre of Meitei mythology and folklore. The ritual is held for the welfare of Moirang kingdom and involves the king and his younger brother, the crown prince.

## Background 
The event was traditionally held in honour of God Thangjing, the national deity of the Moirang kingdom. The king, Chingkhu Telheiba, and the crown prince, Chingkhu Akhuba, were the main archers. Their favourite task was to have their chosen attendants retrieve the arrows from the target as quickly as possible.

Angom Nongban Kongyamba was chosen to fetch the arrows shot by the king, while Khuman Khamba, a rival of Kongyamba, was chosen to fetch the arrows shot by the crown prince.

## Preparation 
Before the event, the royal priests performed rituals, singing charms over the arrows and bows to bless them. The crown prince asked his daughter, Princess Thoibi, about the coat of golden embroidery she had recently prepared in her handloom. Thoibi, who had already given the coat to her lover Khamba, lied to her father about it.

## Main event 
During the event, the king and the crown prince shot their arrows at the target. Kongyamba quickly retrieved the arrows for the king. Khamba ran swiftly to fetch the arrows for the crown prince. While running, Khamba’s outer cloth loosened, revealing the golden embroidered coat underneath.

The crown prince became angry when he saw Khamba wearing the coat. When Khamba offered him an arrow, the prince refused to accept it and turned away. Kongyamba then took the arrow from Khamba and gave it to the crown prince. The prince was pleased with Kongyamba and promised that Princess Thoibi would marry him within five days.

## Conflict 
Minister Chaoba Nongthonba questioned the crown prince about his sudden anger toward Khamba. The prince said he did not like Khamba and wanted to give Thoibi to Kongyamba. The minister reminded him that the king, Chingkhu Telheiba, had already promised Thoibi’s hand to Khamba when Khamba captured a feral Kao (bull) from the Ikop Pat lake shore in the Khuman kingdom. The promise was marked publicly with seven notches on the lintel of the Moirang royal palace, the Moirang Kangla.

## Aftermath 
The crown prince ignored the king’s earlier promise and instructed his wives to prepare for the reception for wedding gifts from Kongyamba. Within five days, he intended to give his daughter Thoibi in marriage to Kongyamba.

## Related pages 
* Meitei traditional weapons
* Meitei martial arts

## References
Ngangkha Leima

***Arai Leima*** (), better known as **Ngangkha Leima** () or **Ngangkhareima** (), is a figure from the traditions of the ancient Moirang kingdom. She is a goddess, one of the seven celestial daughters of the Sky God. In Moirang Kangleirol tradition of Meitei mythology and Meitei folklore, she is closely connected with the lives of Mungyang Chaoba, his rebirth Puremba, and their children, including Khuman Khamba, a central hero of the classical Meitei epic Khamba Thoibi.

## Divine origin 
Ngangkha Leima was originally known as Arai Leima, the youngest and most beautiful of seven celestial sisters. They descended from heaven to secretly bathe in the pond of Mungyang Chaoba. After being discovered by him, Arai Leima was required to live as the wife of Mungyang Chaoba until his natural death. Because his death was not natural, she was not allowed to return to heaven and had to wait for his rebirth.

## Motherhood and departure to heaven 
With Puremba, Ngangkha Leima gave birth to a son named Khuman Khamba. Shortly after Khamba’s birth, Puremba died.

Her daughter Khamnu took on a motherly role and raised her younger brother Khamba.

Khamba later became a strong warrior and the male protagonist of the classical Meitei romantic epic Khamba Thoibi, alongside Princess Thoibi of the Moirang kingdom.

Ngangkha Leima is remembered as a divine figure whose life connects the heavenly world with the royal and heroic traditions of ancient Moirang.

## Related pages 
* Helloi
* Hingchabi

## References
Canuck Place

**Canuck Place** is a children's hospice located in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. It was the first free-standing hospice for children in North America and provides care for children with serious illnesses and support for their families. The hospice offers specialized pediatric palliative care, which focuses on comfort, quality of life, and support for physical, emotional, social, and spiritual needs.

The idea for Canuck Place began in 1991. Brenda Eng and George Jarvis, along with the support of the Vancouver Canucks hockey team and its community foundation, helped bring the vision to life. Arthur Griffiths, who owned the Canucks at the time, played a key role in supporting the project. Canuck Place officially opened its doors in 1995.

The building that houses Canuck Place is a historic mansion. In the 1920s, it was used as the headquarters of the Ku Klux Klan in British Columbia. The building has since been completely repurposed to serve children and families in need, symbolizing a powerful transformation from a place of hate to one of healing and compassion.

Canuck Place’s model of care has influenced other children’s hospices around the world. It continues to provide vital services free of charge to families across the province.

## Other websites
Yaithing Konu

**Yaithing Konu** (), also spelled **Yaithing Konnu** (), is a central female figure in the love story of Moirang Kangleirol, a traditional narrative from the ancient kingdom of Moirang, in present-day Manipur. She is known for her tragic romance with Khuyol Haoba and her forced marriage to Kaoba Hingamba, the Khuman warrior. According to the old Meitei chronicle text Khuman Kangleiron, she became the queen of the Khuman kingdom by marriage to Kaoba (also known as Kaopa), who was the king of that realm.

## Background 
Yaithing Konu was the daughter of Luwang Huiningsumba, a powerful nobleman of the Luwang clan in the Moirang kingdom. She was admired for her beauty, grace, and intelligence. Her social status and lineage placed her among the highest-ranking women of her time.

## Meeting Khuyol Haoba 
Yaithing Konu met Khuyol Haoba, the orphaned son of a former royal official, during a festive event on Loktak Lake. On that day, all young women of Moirang were fishing as part of a ritual celebration, and men were not allowed to enter the water. When Konu's fishing net broke, Haoba happened to be nearby and helped her. They fell in love at first sight.

Their secret love grew stronger over time, even as Haoba lived in hiding to escape a planned human sacrifice falsely justified by a nobleman’s scheme.

## Forced marriage to Kaoba 
The turning point in Konu’s life came during a royal hunting expedition. Her father, Huiningsumba, accidentally caused a forest fire that spread to the Khuman region, destroying the home and barn of Kaoba Hingamba, a Khuman warrior. In retaliation, Kaoba captured Huiningsumba and his men.

To save their lives, Huiningsumba was forced to offer his daughter, Yaithing Konu, as ransom. The Moirang court agreed, and a grand marriage ceremony was held. Konu was sent to Kaoba’s household, even though she was already three months pregnant with Khuyol Haoba’s child.

According to the Khuman Kangleiron, an old Meitei text, Kaoba (also referred to as Kaopa) was a king of the Khuman kingdom, and by this marriage, Yaithing Konu became queen of the Khuman people.

## Secret reunions and exile 
Despite her new status, Yaithing Konu remained emotionally devoted to Haoba. Haoba disguised himself as a hill-man to visit her in secret. Eventually, Kaoba discovered these visits. In anger, he drove Konu out of his house. After her exile, she was reunited with Haoba, and the lovers were finally together again.

## Related pages 
* Meitei marriage
* List of Khuman and Luwang common ancestral monarchs

## References
Yumbanlol copper plate inscriptions

copper manuscript text - in Meetei script]]

 copper manuscript text - in Meetei script]]

The **Yumbanlol** *(also spelled Yumpanlol, Yumbanlon, Yumballol, Yumballon, Yumbalol, or Yumbalon)* is a rare 6th-century Classical Meitei language manuscript inscribed on copper plates. It is one of the earliest known literary texts from the ancient Kangleipak (present-day Manipur, India), and is written in the traditional Meetei Mayek script.

## Description 
The Yumbanlol consists of six copper folios, each measuring 13.5 cm x 2.5 cm x 0.5 cm. The manuscript is a didactic and instructional text, focusing on themes of sensuality, relationships between husbands and wives, and household management. It is believed to reflect the moral and social codes of the early Meitei society.

The text is both literary and prescriptive, offering guidance on family life and domestic duties within the cultural context of early Kangleipak civilization.

## Historical context 
The manuscript is dated to the period between 568–658 CE, making it one of the oldest surviving Meitei literary works. It was originally composed during the early historical period of Manipur, when the Meitei script and Classical Meitei language were already in use for official and cultural purposes.

## Ownership and preservation 
The Yumbanlol was originally preserved by the royal family of Kangleipak, and later came into the custody of royal scholars. Due to its exclusive content and cultural importance, access to the manuscript was historically restricted to members of the royal household and their appointed scholars.

In modern times, the manuscript was donated to the Manipur State Archives in Imphal by Bobby Wahengbam, a descendant of the royal lineage that held the manuscript.

## Importance 
The Yumbanlol manuscript is considered a valuable historical and literary source for understanding the early domestic ethics, gender relations, and cultural practices of ancient Manipur. It also holds significance as a rare surviving example of early copper-plate Meitei texts, demonstrating the use of Meetei Mayek in administrative and literary contexts during the 6th and 7th centuries.

## Related pages 
* Laiphangba
* Meitei currency
* Ura Konthouba

## References
Edvin Kulluri

**Edvin Kulluri** (born 25 May 1976) is an Albanian politician and former government official. He is one of the founders of the political party *Djathtas 1912*. In the 2025 parliamentary election, he ran as a candidate for the party in the Vlorë region.

## Early life and education
Kulluri was born in Tirana, the capital of Albania. He studied at the University of Tirana.

## Government career
Kulluri worked in several government positions, including:
* General Secretary of the Ministry of Defence of Albania
* Advisor in the Ministry of Local Government
* Assistant in the Prime Minister's Office
* Political leader for the Municipality of Selenicë

## Political activity
Kulluri was a member of the National Council of the Democratic Party of Albania.

In 2024, he helped start the party *Djathtas 1912*, a right-wing political group. In the 2025 Albanian parliamentary election, he ran for a seat in Parliament in the Vlorë district.

## References
Wangam (ancient tribe)

The **Wangams** were an old tribe in Ancient Kangleipak (early Manipur). They were of *Tai* origin and later mixed with a branch of the *Poirei* tribe and came to be known as the *Poirei-Wangams*.

## Origin 
*Wangams* belonged to the *Tai Mungs*, *Tai Ngai-Laos* and *Tai Lai*. It is said that *Tai Mungs* (Great-Tais), belonged to the *Ai-Lao* race. They then travelled to and settled in appropriate locations throughout Southeast Asia. A branch of the Ai-Lao race moved to the low hills to the west of the Manipur valley and established themselves there.

### Moirangs 
Wangam kings, from Taothingmang upto Pengsiba started marrying girls from the Haokap, Chingsang, Khunpham, and Ngangcheng tribe within the Moirang clan.

## Related pages 
* Ningthouja dynasty
* Yek Salai
* Groups of Meitei ethnicity
* Kangla Palace

## References
The Great American Bash (2004)

**The Great American Bash (2004)** was a professional wrestling pay-per-view show made by World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE) for their SmackDown! brand. It took place on June 27, 2004 at the Norfolk Scope in Norfolk, Virginia. It was the first Great American Bash event held by WWE and the 15th overall. Something special about the event was that anyone in the American military could watch it for free.

## Matches
## References
## Other websites
*Official Great American Bash 2004 website
Kaarel Nurmsalu

**Kaarel Nurmsalu** (born April 30, 1991) is an Estonian retired ski jumper and nordic combined skier who competed at the 2014 Winter Olympics for Estonia in the ski jumping competition. 

He won 3 bronze medals at the 2011 Nordic Junior World Ski Championships in Otepää.

## Refrences
Drachma

A **drachma** is a silver coin from Ancient Greece, dating from about the mid-6th century BCE, and the former monetary unit of modern Greece.

## References
Renault Rafale

The **Renault Rafale** is a coupe crossover SUV produced by Renault since 2024. 

## Overview 
It named after the C.460 Rafale monoplane introduced in 1934.

It sharing the platform with Renault Austral and sixth-generation Renault Espace. 

## References
Bifidobacterium dentium

***Bifidobacterium dentium*** is a type of bacteria coming from a genus of *Bifidobacteria* that lives in the human body.  This species is Gram-positive, which means it has a thick cell wall made of polysaccharide called peptidoglycan, and it does not move or make spores.

Although it is mostly known for living in the mouth, it can also be found in the gut, proven by its presence in faeces**.** Scientists have discovered 38 different types, or strains, of this bacterium in humans and other mammals.

Its ability to use so many sugars as nutrients comes from its large number of genes coding for enzymes that are involved in carbohydrate digestion. In addition, it can break down salivary glycoproteins, which makes it even more fit for living in the mouth.

What makes *B. dentium* special is its ability to use many different kinds of nutrients. Even when glucose (a common sugar) is missing, it can grow by using other sugars and amino acids. This ability helps it survive in different parts of the body.
* **Making useful chemicals**: *B. dentium* produces GABA, a chemical that calms the nervous system and may help people with inflammatory bowel diseases.
* **Affecting mood and brain**: This bacterium can increase the amount of serotonin in the gut and may even affect serotonin in the brain. In studies on mice, *B. dentium* colonisation of the gut led to changes in brain chemistry that reduced signs of anxiety.

## Tracking Water Pollution 
Scientists can use *B. dentium* to help detect pollution in water. Some strains are found only in human waste, so if they appear in rivers or lakes, it may mean the water is contaminated with human sewage. This can help identify where the pollution is coming from.

## References
Lead paint

**Lead paint** refers to any type of paint containing lead compounds. Usually this is white lead (lead carbonate) or red lead (Lead(II,IV) oxide). Lead paint is a serious hazard and can cause lead poisoning if ingested. Sanding lead paint is dangerous and can release lead dust. When lead paint gets old, it will often chip and crack. Lead paint chips taste sweet, which encourages young children to eat them, causing lead poisoning. Lead paint was banned for use in homes in the United States in 1978. Most other countries have also banned lead paint for homes. In some places it is still allowed for industrial use and for artist's paints.

## In art
In art, white lead paint is known as flake white or Cremnitz white. It was historically the most common white paint. In addition to use on its own, it was mixed with other colors of paint to lighten them. It was used by many of the most famous painters, such as Vincent van Gogh. It is still available today but is rarely used due to the health risks. In modern times it has mostly been replaced with zinc white or titanium white.
Zimbabwean ZiG

**Zimbabwe Gold**, also known as **ZiG**, is the currency used in Zimbabwe. It was launched on 8 April 2024 to replace the Zimbabwean dollar after extreme inflation made the old money nearly worthless, with 1 US dollar costing over 30,000 ZWL. The new currency is backed by gold, precious metals, and foreign currency to help keep its value more stable. 

The name ZiG stands for "Zimbabwe Gold" and shares its name with an earlier digital gold-backed token that was once used in the country. Its official currency code is **ZWG**.

Coins were introduced in values of 1, 2, and 5 ZiG, and banknotes started with 10 and 20 ZiG. The Reserve Bank of Zimbabwe plans to add 50, 100, and 200 ZiG notes later, along with rare coins like ¼ and ½ ZiG. When the ZiG replaced the Zimbabwean dollar, the exchange rate was set at 2,498.7242 ZWL to 1 ZiG, meaning 1 ZiG was worth around 13.56 US dollars at launch. However, its value dropped quickly and by late 2024 it had lost over half its market value.

Many Zimbabweans still prefer using the US dollar in daily life, and some workers are not paid in ZiG. Businesses often accept foreign money instead, but the government is trying to encourage ZiG use by requiring taxes and duties to be paid in the new currency.

Zimbabwe has had several currency changes since 2008 due to hyperinflation. From 2009 to 2019, the country used mostly foreign currencies like the US dollar and South African rand, but reintroduced the Zimbabwean dollar in 2019. That too failed because of inflation, leading to the creation of ZiG, which is now the sixth version of a local currency since 2008.
Arthur Griffiths (businessman)

**Arthur R. Griffiths** (born 1957) is a Canadian businessman and community leader. He used to own the Vancouver Canucks (a hockey team), the Vancouver Grizzlies (a basketball team), and the arena where they played. He helped bring the 2010 Winter Olympics to Vancouver and later ran for office in British Columbia.

Griffiths is the son of Emily and Frank Griffiths. He began working with the Canucks in 1981. In 1988, he took full control of the team from his father and helped build a new arena, now called Rogers Arena, because the old one was too small. His father passed away in 1994.

In 1995, he helped start the Vancouver Grizzlies basketball team. The team later moved to Memphis, Tennessee. Griffiths sold both the Canucks and the Grizzlies by 1997. He also worked with a Russian sportswear company at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London and the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi.

In 1998, Griffiths was asked to help lead Vancouver's bid for the 2010 Winter Olympics. With his leadership, the bid won in 2003 and the Games were awarded to Vancouver and Whistler.

In 1991, while leading the Canucks’ community work, he supported an idea to create a children’s hospice. This became Canuck Place, the first free-standing hospice for children in North America. It supports children with serious illnesses and their families.

Griffiths tried to enter politics in 2008. He ran as a BC Liberal Party candidate in a special election but lost to Spencer Chandra Herbert of the New Democratic Party.

He studied at BCIT, graduating in 1980. He is married and lives in Vancouver.

## Other websites 
*
SpongeBob vs. The Big One: Beach Party Cook-Off

***SpongeBob vs. The Big One: Beach Party Cook-Off*** (known in Europe as ***SpongeBob SquarePants: Frantic Fry-Cook***) is an action video game based on the animated TV series *SpongeBob SquarePants*.
Telmatobius oxycephalus

The **red-headed water frog** (*Telmatobius oxycephalus*) is a frog.  It lives in Argentina.

## Home
This frog spends most of its time in the water. It lives in streams in Yungas forests, Yungas grassy places, and other places.  Scientists saw this frog between 1400 and 2980 meters above sea level.

Scientists have seen this frog one protected park: Parque Nacional Calilegua.

## People
People catch and eat some *Telmatobius* frogs, but scientists think human beings do not eat *Telmatobius oxycephalus*.

## Danger
Scientists from the IUCN say this frog is in big danger of dying out. Fish from other parts of the world can kill this frog. So can too many visitors to its home. Human beings also put water in canals for farms and goats. Scientists believe the fungal disease chytridiomycosis could kill this frog too.

## References
1979-80 Austrian football championship

The **1979-80 Austrian football championship** was organized by the Austrian Football Association. The single-tiered Second Division served as the foundation for the First Division. The third tier consisted of the Regionalliga Ost (Vienna, Lower Austria, Burgenland), the Alpenliga (Salzburg, Tyrol), and the regional leagues of Vorarlberg, Carinthia, Upper Austria  and Styria.

## Final table
## Matches 
### Round 1
### Round 2
### Round 3
### Round 4
### Round 5
### Round 6
### Round 7
### Round 8
### Round 9
### Round 10
### Round 11
### Round 12
### Round 13
### Round 14
### Round 15
### Round 16
### Round 17
### Round 18
### Round 19
### Round 20
### Round 21
### Round 22
### Round 23
### Round 24
### Round 25
### Round 26
### Round 27
### Round 28
### Round 29
### Round 30
### Round 31
### Round 32
### Round 33
### Round 34
### Round 35
### Round 36
## Champion squad 
## Top scorer
## References
My Blue Angel

"**My Blue Angel**" is a song by American singer Aaron Tippin.

## Music video
The music video was directed by Jon Small and premiered in January 7, 1993.

## References
Heirem Khunja

The **Luwang Heirem Khunja** (), shortly known as the **Heirem Khunja** (), was an ancient sub-tribe within the Luwang clan of Ancient Kangleipak (early Manipur). They ruled at Heirem village in Kakching’s Kereching region.

## Origin 
The **Heirems** were related to the **Khunjans**. They were believed to be of *Tai* origin, mixed with *neo-Tibetan* elements, while the *Khunjans* were of Tai origin descended from *Ngai-Lao* groups. *Heirems* first settled near the Thoubal River, likely around the present-day *Yaingangpokpi* area. They later settled close to the Khuman kingdom on the eastern side of Loktak Lake after migrating downstream with the *Khunjans* along the *Thoubal River*. They were subsequently referred to as the *Heirem-Khunjans*.

## Migration 
From *Loklaobung*, the *Heirem-Khunjans* moved to the Kiri Hills in what is now Manipur's Bishnupur district.

## Founding of the Luwang Heirem-Khunja 
The *Luwang Heirem-Khunja* was founded by *Lumjeng Ahanba* (alias *Lumjenghanba*), the son of *Luwang Ningthou Punshiba*, and *Yusin Leima Chingnung Haoba Chanu* The sons and grandsons of Luwang Ningthou Punshiba established many chiefdoms within the Luwang clan such as; *Heirem-Khunja*, *Luwang Phantek*, *Lera Khongnang*, *Luwang Yumlen*, etc.

## Territory and capital 
The *Luwang Heirem-Khunja* was bordered by the Khuman kingdom on the north, by *Tharei* (Wangoo) on the south, by the *Heirok Hills* on the east, and on the west by the *Loktak Lake* and the Moirang Kingdom.

The capital of the *Luwang Heirem-Khunja* was *Heirem Khere* (or *Kere Ching Khunjan Lalum Thon*).

* *Lumjeng Ahanba*
* *Yumjin*
* *Pana*
* *Pansareng*
* *Toureng Lanthaba*
* *Lairuba*
* *Lemba*
* *Chingjaroi Thabanba*
* *Kambong Waiba*
* *Kambong Amukoi*
* *Haying Khoiya Athouba*
* *Khuchupthang Tora*
* *Lasira*

*Chingjaroi Thabanba* was an important king and *Heirem Kangbishu* was a famous warrior. Their last ruler may be *Lasira* as on Sagei Salairol.

Later on, the *Heirem-Khunjans* were merged into the Khuman kingdom.''''

## Related pages 
* Meitei confederacy
* Ancestors of Yek Salai
* Luwang Phantek
* Luwang
* Khuman
* Khuman dynasty
* Yek Salai

## References
Real-name systems in China

, 2018.]]
In mainland China, people need to register with their real names at the relevant national system to use certain services. The specific examples are stated below.
*mobile phone since 2010        

*online video games since 2021  

s, people must verify their identity by tapping their Resident Identity Card over an RFID reader.]]

## Related pages
*Addiction
*Fraud
*Privacy

## References
Sphaerotheca breviceps

The **Indian burrowing frog**, **burrowing frog**, **Punjab bullfrog**, **short-headed burrowing frog**, **clumsy-looking burrowing frog**, **band sand frog**, **olive frog**, **Magadha bullfrog**, **Dharan bullfrog**, or **Swani burrowing frog** (*Sphaerotheca breviceps*) is a frog.  It lives in India, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Pakistan, and Nepal.

## Body
The skin of the frog's back is olive to gold in color with a yellow line in the middle. There is a big gold eye mark on each shoulder. There are other yellow stripes across the legs and jaws.

## Home
This frog lives in forests, grassy places, and places with small, woody plants.  It can live in places where human beings live, for example rice farms.

Scientists have not seen this frog in protected parks, but the place where the frog lives has parks in it.

## Young
The tadpoles live in ponds and pools near streams. They are pink-brown in color with dark brown spots. The tadpoles are 34 to 36 mm long, with the tail. The belly is gray-white with brown spots.

## Danger
Scientists from the IUCN say this frog is not in danger of dying out. People kill this frog by hitting it with cars. Chemicals that kill pests and chemicals that make plants grow can kill this frog. People also build towns where the frog lived.

## References
Cantata on the Death of Emperor Joseph II

Ludwig van Beethoven's **Cantata on the Death of Emperor Joseph II, WoO 87** is a cantata with a libretto by Severin Anton Averdonk (1768-1817), made in 1790 for a funeral for Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor to be done in Bonn. Made when Beethoven was nineteen, it was not made public or played until its first playing in Vienna in November 1884, fifty-seven years after Beethoven died. It is still one of Beethoven's less known works.

## Structure 
The cantata, written in C minor, has seven movements.

# Coro. Largo - Larghetto (C minor)
# Recitativo. Presto (A minor)
# Aria. Allegro maestoso - Allegro assai (D major)
# Aria con Coro. Andante con moto (F major)
# Recitativo. Largo (D minor)
# Aria. Adagio con affetto (E♭ major)
# Coro. Largo - Larghetto (C minor) 

## Composition 
The work is made for 2 flutes, 2 oboes, 2 clarinets, 2 bassoons, 2 horns, strings and SATB chorus with solo soprano and bass (there is also a solo semichorus SSATB). The seven movements take about 35 minutes to play. The aria with Chorus, the fourth movement, is also used in the opera Fidelio.

## References
## Other websites 
*
*The libretto by Severin Anton Averdonk, on the German *Wikipedia* page.