open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
New Jack City

***New Jack City*** is a 1991 crime drama movie starring Ice-T, Wesley Snipes, Allen Payne and Mario Van Peebles (who also directed the movie). The movie is set in New York City and is about the trafficking of illegal drugs and associated violence.

## Other websites 
*
Stratford St. Mary

**Stratford St Mary** is a village and civil parish in Babergh, Suffolk, England. In 2001, there were 703 people living in Stratford St Mary.

## References
Dominica at the Olympics

**Dominica** was first at the **Olympic Games** in 1996.  They have been in each Games since then. Thea LaFond won the country’s first gold medal in the 2024 Paris Games in the triple long jump. 

The Dominica Olympic Committee was formed in 1993 and  in 1998.

Dominica has not been in any Winter Olympic Games.

## Olympic table Summer
## Related pages
* List of IOC country codes

## References 
## Other websites 
* Dominica profile at London2012.com
Ecuador at the Olympics

**Ecuador** has been in 12 Summer Olympic Games.

The International Olympic Committee's official abbreviation for Ecuador is ECU.

## History
No Ecuadorian team has competed in the Olympic Winter Games.  The Ecuadorian National Olympic Committee was formed in 1948 and  by the IOC in 1959.

## Medalists
## Related pages
* List of IOC country codes

## References 
## Other websites 
* Ecuador profile at London2012.com
Cottonwood County, Minnesota

**Cottonwood County** is a County in Minnesota. At the 2020 census, 11,517 people lived there.  The county seat of Cottonwood County is Windom.

## References
Sioux

The Sioux (pronounced "soo") are a Native American tribe.  They live in the Midwestern U.S. They have a long history with the European colonists that eventually became the Americans. Today, the Sioux mainly consist of 2 language-based tribes: The **Dakota**, and the **Lakota**.
## Famous Sioux People
*Sitting Bull

## References
University of the Bío-Bío

The **University of the Bío-Bío** () is a university located in Concepción, Chile. It is one of the universities in the south of Chile.

## History 
This university was created by the union of some statal universities and was founded in 1947 as the Technical University of the State (TUS).

## Faculties 
* Business Studies
* Architecture, Design and Construction 
* Sciences
* Engineering
* Education and Humanities
* Health Sciences and Food

## References 
## Other websites 
* University of the Bío-Bío official website
Mansion Passos Oliveira

façade]]
The **Mansion Passos Oliveira** was a historic building in the city of São José dos Pinhais, Brazilian state of Paraná. It was built in 1876 and demolished in June 2011.

## References
Alexander Walke

**Alexander Walke** (born June 6, 1983 in Oranienburg, Brandenburg) is a German professional football goalkeeper who is playing for FC Red Bull Salzburg in the Austrian Bundesliga.

## Career
After starting football with his local club Eintracht Oranienburg he went at the age of 14 to Energie Cottbus. He was transferred to Werder Bremen where he reached the first squad in 2003. 2005 he went on to SC Freiburg and SV Wehen Wiesbaden. His next team was Hansa Rostock, where he signed a two-years contract but went in 2010 to FC Red Bull Salzburg in the Austrian Bundesliga. The 2010/11 season he played on loan for Greuther Fürth in the Second German Bundesliga then he came back to Salzburg. In the 2011/12 season he played his first league match on November 26, 2011 versus SV Kapfenberg. His last match was on 28 May 2023 versus Austria Klagenfurt. After this match he ended his career.He played 158 league matches for Salzburg.

## International
He played for Germany at the FIFA World Youth Championship 2003, but tested positive with doping.
## Honours
**Red Bull Salzburg**
* Austrian Bundesliga: 2011–12, 2013–14, 2014–15 , 2015–16 , 2016–17, 2017–18, 2018–19, 2019–20, 2020–21 2021-22 
* Austrian Cup: [2011–12, 2013–14, 2014–15, 2015–16, 2016–17, 2018–19, 2019–20, 2020–21 , 2021-22, 2022 -23
El Salvador at the Olympics

**El Salvador** has been in thirteen Summer Olympic Games.

The International Olympic Committee's official abbreviation for El Salvador is ESA.  In 1964, it was SAL for "*salvador*".

## History
There have been no teams from El Salvador at the Olympic Winter Games. As of 2025, El Salvador does not have a .

The "Comité Olímpico de El Salvador" was formed in 1949 and  by the IOC in 1962.

## Related pages
* List of IOC country codes

## References 
## Other websites 
* El Salvador profile at London2012.com 
*El Salvador at SportsReference.com
Arecibo message

The **Arecibo message** was a short radio message sent into space to celebrate the remodeling of the Arecibo radio telescope in Puerto Rico in 1974. It was aimed at the globular star cluster M13, about 25,000 light years from Earth. M13 was chosen because it was the right size, and was in the sky at the right time and place for the ceremony. 

Dr. Frank Drake, then at Cornell University and creator of the famous Drake equation, wrote the message, with help from Carl Sagan, among others.

The cardinality of 1679 was chosen because it is a semiprime. It can be arranged as a rectangle of 73 rows by 23 columns. The other arrangement, 23 rows by 73 columns, does not produce a meaningful result. The message forms the image shown on the right, or its inverse, when translated into graphics characters and spaces.

In 2009 the band Boxcutter made an album called the *Arecibo Message*, which has a lot of short songs.

## References
## Other websites
* Arecibo Observatory Home Page
Boroughbridge

**Boroughbridge** is a town in North Yorkshire, England. In 2001 there were 3,184 people living in Boroughbridge.

## References
Ministry of Justice (Spain)

)]]

The **Ministry of Justice** (in Spanish: *Ministerio de Justicia* - previously called *Ministerio de Gracia y Justicia*, *Ministerio de Justicia y Culto*, *Ministerio de Sanidad, Trabajo y Justicia* and *Ministerio de Interior y Justicia*) is one of the departments of the Government of Spain. The current minister of Justice is *Dolores Delgado García.*

It's headquarters is located in Madrid, in the *Palacio de la Marquesa de la Sonora*.

## Tasks 
 of the Kingdom of Spain.]]
The Ministry of Justice is responsible for the preparation and execution of government policy on development of law (criminal law, civil law, commercial law, ...), rights and religious freedom and worship, prerogative of mercy and titles of nobility and greatness of Spain.

In addition, the department shall be responsible for policy for the organization and support for the administration of justice, international judicial cooperation, as well as with the Autonomous Communities, in coordination with other relevant departments in this area. The ministry is also one that provides legal assistance to State.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Ministry's page
Condor (roller coaster)

**Condor** (formerly **El Condor**) is a steel roller coaster at Walibi Holland in The Netherlands. The ride was built by Vekoma as the first suspended looping coaster in the world.

## Gallery 

File:CFilms - El Condor . Walibi World.ogv|Video of El Condor

## Other websites 
*El Condor on the Walibi Holland website  

## References
Food Power

In politics, the use of agriculture or agricultural products to influence the outcome of decisions is called **Food Power**. Several nations with crude oil have organised themselves and founded a cartel called OPEC. Through this cartel, they can fix the price at which they will sell oil. Food power works in much the same way. Nations usually do what is best for their citizens, who usually want food. 

Food power is part of food politics. Embargoes can also be used to put pressure on a nation. In order for a nation to make use of food power effectively, the nation must effectively apply and display scarcity, supply concentration, demand dispersion, and action independence. The four main nations that export enough agriculture to be able to exert food power are the United States, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand. The U.S. does appear to use food power for punishment. Some African countries have used food power in internal conflicts on a smaller scale.
Goliath (Walibi Holland)

**Goliath** is a steel roller coaster in the Dutch theme park Walibi Holland. The lift hill has a height of 46.8 meters. This makes it the tallest coaster of the Benelux. However, in 2007 this record was beaten by Vertigo in Walibi Belgium, but after Vertigo was demolished in 2008, Goliath was again the tallest coaster of the Benelux.

## Ride information 
The coaster was created by the Swiss coaster manufacturer Intamin AG. It was opened in 2002. The coaster has a maximum speed of 66 miles per hour (106&nbsp;km/h) over 3,982 feet (1,214 m) of track. The coaster has 2 trains, one green and one purple with hydraulic lap bars as restraints.

## Gallery 

File:Roller coaster - by frank wouters.jpg|Overview of the roller coaster.
File:Goliath Brakes.jpg|A close up of the braking system.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Walibi Holland website
The Rules of Attraction

***The Rules of Attraction*** is a 2002 American satirical black comedy-drama movie. It stars James van der Beek and Jessica Biel. This movie is based on the novel of the same name by Bret Easton Ellis. It is about events at a fictional college in New Hampshire. *The Rules of Attraction* was originally rated NC-17 by the MPAA, although edits were performed by Lionsgate so that the movie could get an R rating.

## Other websites 
* 
* 
* 
* 
*
Xpress: Platform 13

**Xpress** is a steel launched roller coaster at Walibi Holland in The Netherlands. It opened in 2000 under the name *Superman the Ride*. However, Six Flags was planning to open it under the name *Riddlers Revenge* and the ride was painted green at the factory. Shortly before the coaster was built, the name was changed to *Superman the Ride* and was painted red and blue. Since 2005 the coaster is called *Xpress*. It is the first LSM coaster in Europe.

The coaster had been standing but not operating for the whole season in 2011. The reason for this was because important parts of the launch mechanism were broken, which can cause that the train does not have enough speed at the end of the launch, or doesn't launch at all. These parts are ordered and are only made on request, as there are only 3 coasters of this type worldwide (2 of which are in Disney parks). Therefore, Walibi Holland decided to paint the track. As of 2012, the coaster operates again.

## Gallery 

File:SFH El Rio Grande.jpg|Overview of Xpress
File:Xpress logo 2012 Walibi Holland.JPG|The logo as of 2012

## References
John Farey, Sr.

. The silhouette is by his friend White Watson whilst the QR Code takes you to the article on the English Wikipedia]]
**John Farey, Sr.** (1766 – January 6, 1826) was an English geologist. However, he is better known for a mathematician, the Farey sequence is named after him. He is also a writer.

## References
Wilford Brimley

**Anthony Wilford Brimley** (September 27, 1934 &ndash; August 1, 2020) was an American actor. Brimley has appeared in the movies *The China Syndrome*, *Cocoon*, *The Thing* and *The Firm*. He has also appeared in television commercials for Quaker Oats and Liberty Medical. He was a member of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints and a former United States Marine. 

He had diabetes which he speaks openly about in his commercials for Liberty Medical. These commercials were turned into a meme because he pronounced diabetes as ‘diabeetus’.

Brimley died on August 1, 2020 in St. George, Utah at the age of 85, after suffering kidney disease.

## Filmography
## References
## Other websites
*
Ernest Ellis Clark

**Ernest Ellis Clark** (1870 – 1932) was a Derby born artist. Three of his paintings are in Derby Museum and Art Gallery.

## Biography
Clark was born in Derby and after studying art he started work at Royal Crown Derby. He won many prizes for his art. In his forties he served in the Royal Field Artillery during the first world war. His only book was a guide for his students to design based on plant forms. In the book he supplied the designs. Clark said "... it cannot be too frequently urged upon students that the only right way for them is to make their own studies direct from nature." Three of his paintings are in Derby Museum and Art Gallery after being gifted by Alfred E. Goodey. The painting of Green Street records a time three years before the Hippodrome Theatre was built on the left and on the right is the College of Art where Clark trained.

Clark died aged 63 in Derby in 1932 and his work is free from copyright.

## References
Alfred John Keene

.]]
**Alfred John Keene** (1864–1930) was a British watercolour artist working in Derby. 

## Biography
Known as "Jack", Keene trained at Derby Central School of Art from 1878 to 1895.

Keene managed the family business with his brother Charles after their father's death. Alfred John Keene was a founder member, in 1887, of the Derby Sketching Club with F Booty, William Swindell, George Thompson, Charles Terry And Frank Timms. This club still meets today. Keene's paintings were collected by Alfred E. Goodey who eventually purchased 77 of them. Goodey gave his collection of paintings to Derby Museum in 1936.

## Sources
*
Derby Sketching Club

The** Derby Sketching Club** is a members' club meeting in Derby, England. It was founded in 1887, still providing members with facilities.

## History
In 1887, a group of young men held a meeting at the County hotel in Derby and founded the **Derby Sketching Club**. They wanted to have a place where they and others could work, share their interest in painting and sketching. The fee for one year was two shillings and sixpence. Their first exhibition was held in January 1889, at the Athenaeum Rooms in Derby. 

In 1922, the Derby Ladies Art Group was formed. The two groups first held a joint Exhibition in 1951 for the Festival of Britain. They finally merged in 1966.

The art collector Alfred E. Goodey. collected some of their work about Derby made by Sketching Club members. In the 1940s he presented the paintings to Derby Museum and Art Gallery.

## Current activities
There are regular sessions for members- for lifedrawing, and portrait painting and still life. There are guest lectures and exhibitions and members use the website to promote their work.

## References
## Other websites 
*
Holy Land

The **Holy Land** is an area in the Levant that is  to Abrahamic religions (Christianity, Islam and Judaism). The name roughly refers to the region of Palestine. Jews say God gave the Holy Land to them. This is where Jesus lived.  James, along with the others named "brothers" of Jesus, are said to have been Jesus' cousins. Several Crusades were fought there.

## Other websites
*"Description of the Holy Land" is an old map from the 1500s which shows the Holy Land when Jesus was alive
Shadows of the Damned

***Shadows of the Damned*** is an action-adventure video game developed by Grasshopper Manufacture and published by Electronic Arts. The game was made for the PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360. The game was released on June 21, 2011 in North America and on June 24, 2011 in Europe.

## Characters
* **Garcia Hotspur** - A demon hunter
* **Johnson** - A demon that assists Garcia
* **Paula** - Garcia's girlfriend
* **Fleming** - The demon in charge of the underworld
* **Christopher** - A half-human/demon hybrid

## Other websites
* Shadows of the Damned's Official website
Pete Astudillo

**Pedro "Pete" Astudillo** (born 1963 in Laredo, Texas) is a Mexican American songwriter. He became a back-up dancer and singer for the band "Selena y Los Dinos". The band's lead singer Selena was the "Queen of Tejano music". Astudillo later left the band after writing several #1 *Billboard* hits. He left to become a solo artist. Most of his written and recorded songs were all  for awards. Most of these did win the awards they were nominated for.

## References 
## Other websites 
*"Pete Astudillo", *BMI*
*"Pete Astudillo arrestado "
Spa

spa in Goa, India.]]
The term **spa** is associated with water treatment of disease by bathing. Spa towns, spa resorts, and hot springs resorts often offer various health treatments. People have believed in the helpful powers of mineral waters back to prehistoric times. This practice has been popular worldwide. It is especially widespread in Europe and Japan.

## Origins of the term 
The term came from the name of the town of Spa, Belgium. This name was known back in Roman times, when it was called Aquae Spadanae. It may be related to the Latin word "spargere" meaning to scatter, sprinkle or moisten.

## References
Tejano music

***Tejano music*** or **Tex-Mex music** (Texas&ndash;Mexico music) is a genre of music that originated in South Texas with help from German settlers in the 1800s. Tejano music is a mix-music-genre of German folk, Ranchera, Mariachi, and Conjunto music. The genre became popular during the 1990s. The singer Selena, who was called the "Queen of Tejano music", helped attract younger and wider audiences to Tejano.
American Psycho (movie)

***American Psycho*** is a 2000 American satirical crime drama movie. It stars Christian Bale, Willem Dafoe, Jared Leto, Chloë Sevigny and Reese Witherspoon. It is set in New York City in the late 1980s. The central character is an investment banker who is quickly revealed to be a serial killer, balancing his life of maintaining an upper-class, socialite image while managing his unraveling mental state. The movie is based on a novel by Bret Easton Ellis that is also called American Psycho.

## Plot 
## Other websites 
* 
*"American Psycho". British Board of Film Classification. Retrieved April 16, 2022. "American Psycho (2000)". BFI. Retrieved October 28, 2018.  "American Psycho". AFI Catalog. Retrieved October 28, 2018.  "American Psycho (2000)". Box Office Mojo. IMDb. Retrieved September 18, 2009.
A.B. Quintanilla III

**Abraham Isaac Quintanilla III** is a Grammy Award-winning songwriter, most known for his works for his sister, Selena. A.B. Quintanilla III, became a member of Kumbia Kings, which he founded several years after Selena's death. A.B., left the band and soon founded another band Kumbia All-Starz with some alumni members and some from Selena y Los Dinos.

A.B.,'s hit singles "Como La Flor", Amor Prohibido", and "No Me Queda Mas" became classic hits for Selena and became her signature songs. "Amor Prohibido" and "No Me Queda Mas" were the most successful singles in 1994 and 1995 in the United States Latino communities and Mexico.

## References
Dwayne Roloson

**Albert Dwayne Roloson** (born October 12, 1969 in Simcoe, Ontario) is a Canadian retired professional ice hockey goaltender and the current goaltending coach of the Anaheim Ducks. Roloson played 606 games in the National Hockey League (NHL). He played with the Calgary Flames, Buffalo Sabres, Minnesota Wild, Edmonton Oilers, New York Islanders, and Tampa Bay Lightning.

After Mark Recchi retired, Roloson became the oldest active NHL player and the last active NHL player to have been born in the 1960s. He played for the Calgary Flames for 2 seasons, the Buffalo Sabres for 2 seasons, the Minnesota Wild for 4 seasons, the Edmonton Oilers for 4 seasons and the New York Islanders for 2 seasons before being traded to the Tampa Bay Lightning on January 1, 2011 for defenceman Ty Wishart. He is married to his wife, Melissa and they have two sons, Brett, 7, and Ross, 5.

## Other websites
*
Ricky Vela

***Ricardo Vela*** or also known as **Ricky Vela** was a songwriter and keyboardist for Selena y Los Dinos. Vela had won several awards at the Tejano Music Awards for his works with Selena.

## Charted songs 
(This is a list of songs written or co-written by Ricky Vela that impacted music charts on *Billboard*)

*"Dame Tu Amor" #6 Hot Latin Tracks
*"No Debes Jugar" #3 Hot Latin Tracks
*"La Llamada" #6 Hot Latin Tracks
*"No Me Queda Mas" #1 Hot Latin Tracks
*"Fotos y Recuerdos" #1 Hot Latin Tracks

## References
Q-Productions

***Q-Productions*** is an independent record label founded by Abraham Quintanilla Jr in 1993, to help build further awareness for his daughter, Selena. After Selena's death, Abraham Quintanilla Jr opened the record label to the public to help find new stars in the music and film industries. Q-Productions specializes in Tejano music.

## Artists signed 
*Selena
*Jennifer Pena (1996–2001)
*La Fuerza
*Los Tres Reyes
*Cortez De La Sierra
*Jorge Roel Y Potrillo

## References 
* http://Q-productions.com/qzone.html 
* http://q-productions.com/about.html
Robin Hood (roller coaster)

**Robin Hood** is a wooden roller coaster at Walibi Holland in the Netherlands.

## Information 
Robin Hood was designed by *Stand Company* and built by Vekoma in 2000. It has a capacity of 815 people per hour. The coaster has 2 trains, both having 4 cars with 6 seats (per train 24 people). A ride takes about 2.5 minutes and the coaster is about 1 kilometer long. The ride will close in 2018 for an RMC make-over.

## References
Tripartite Pact

The **Tripartite Pact**, also called the **Three-Power Pact**, **Axis Pact**, **Three-way Pact**, or **Tripartite Treaty** was a pact signed in Berlin, Germany, on September 27, 1940, which set up the Axis Powers of World War II. On that date, it was signed by three countries: Germany, Italy, and Japan. 

The pact was later joined by Hungary (November 20, 1940), Romania (November 23, 1940), Slovakia (November 24, 1940), Bulgaria (March 1, 1941), Yugoslavia (March 25, 1941) and Croatia (April 10, 1941). Japan included some countries that were under its control.

The countries that signed the pact agreed to give ten years of political, economic, and military help to one another. Also, if any country that signed the pact was attacked by another other country that had not joined the war, such as the United States or the Soviet Union, all of the other countries in the pact countries would declare war and help.

In 1943, the pact began to fall. Many countries had ended the war or joined the Allies. Although the pact remained in effect until Japan's surrender in August 1945, Germany's surrender three months earlier had made the pact meaningless.

## Members 
### Original 
* 
* 
* 

### Subsequent 
* 
* 
* 
* 
* 
*  (for two days)

## Related pages
* Anti-Comintern Pact

## Other websites 
*The text of the Tripartite Pact
Chris Pérez

**Chris Pérez** (born 14 August 1969 in San Antonio, Texas) is a Grammy-winning guitarist and the widower of "The Queen of Tejano music" Selena Quintanilla-Pérez.

## Personal life 
In 1988, Pérez met Grammy-winning Mexican American singer Selena.  Two years later, Selena's family hired him to play in her band and they quickly fell in love.  At first her father did not approve of the relationship and went as far as firing Pérez from the band.  However, he eventually came to accept the relationship. On April 2, 1992, Selena and Pérez married in Nueces County, Texas and Selena legally added Pérez's surname to her own.

After Selena was murdered in 1995, Pérez remarried and had two children with his second wife, Vanessa. They split up in March 2008.

## Career 
At the 2000 Grammy Awards his Rock band, *The Chris Pérez Band*, won a Grammy Award for "Best Latin Rock/Alternative Album" for their debut album "Resurrection". Pérez dedicated the song, "Best I Can," to Selena.  In 2001, *The Chris Pérez Band* made their final album called "Una Noche Más" (English: *One More Night*).

After the *Chris Pérez Band* disbanded, Pérez joined his former brother-in-law's (A.B. Quintanilla III) music group called *Kumbia Kings*. However, Quintanilla had conflicts with the band and left the *Kumbia Kings* along with Pérez. Quintanilla started a new band called, *Kumbia All-Starz* with Pérez as its current guitarist.

## References 
## Other websites
* Chris Pérez Official Website
* Chris Pérez Facebook!
* Chris Pérez YouTube!
* Chris Pérez Twitter!
* Chris Pérez Bands Twitter!
* 
* 
* Chris Pérez  at VH1.com
Rhineland

The **Rhinelands** used to mean an area on both banks of the Rhine, in Central Europe, but the **Rhineland** (or **Rheinland** in German) is now a general word for areas of Germany along the middle and the lower Rhine. It borders Luxembourg, Belgium and the Netherlands to the west and the Rhine to the east.

After the French were defeated in the early 19th century, the German - and the Dutch-speaking areas in the middle and the lower Rhine were added to the Kingdom of Prussia and were called the **Rhine Province** (or **Rhenish Prussia**). 

After World War I, the western part of Rhineland was under Allied control and demilitarized, with no military activities allowed, under the Treaty of Versailles. German forces sent armies back to it in 1936, three years before World War II began. Still, to this day, the **Rhinelands** remain a part of Germany.

## Reference
The Scientist (song)

"**The Scientist**" is the second single from British alternative rock band Coldplay's second album, *A Rush of Blood to the Head*. The song was written by all the band members for the album together. It is built around a piano ballad. Its lyrics tell the story about a man's desire to love and about an apology. The song was released in the United Kingdom as the second single from *A Rush of Blood to the Head* and reached number 10 in the UK Charts. It was released in the United States as the third single and reached number 18 on ''Billboard's'' Modern Rock Tracks.

Critics praised "The Scientist". Several remixes of the track have been made. Its riff has been widely sampled. The single's music video won three MTV Music Video Awards, for the video's use of reverse narrative. The song was also featured on the band's 2003 live album *Live 2003*.

On May 19, 2011, a cover of the song by Mike Posner was leaked.

The song was used by WWE in a tribute to Macho Man Randy Savage that aired on Raw and Smackdown just a few days after his death on May 20, 2011.

## Composition
"The Scientist" is a melancholic, piano-driven ballad that was written in the key of F major.

## Track listing
# "The Scientist" - 5:11
# "1.36" - 2:05
# "I Ran Away" - 4:26
* "1.36" features Tim Wheeler of Ash on guitar.

### DVD
# "The Scientist" (Edit)
# "The Scientist" (video running backwards)
# "Lips Like Sugar" (Live)

## Charts
## References
## Notes
* Roach, Martin (2003). *Coldplay: Nobody Said It Was Easy*. Omnibus Press. .

## Other websites 
*
Tejano Music Awards

The ***Tejano Music Awards*** is an annual music awards ceremony that is held in San Antonio, Texas to recognize and build awareness for Tejano music. The first ''TMA's'' began in 1980.

## Achievements 
In 1986, Selena won the "Female Vocalist of The Year" award and continued to win the award for nine consecutive years, up until her death. She had won two awards posthumously after her death. Selena dominated the awards beginning the 90's when she helped spread the Tejano Music Movement into the United States. She was then given the title "Queen of Tejano music".

Being a male-dominate genre, the Tejano Music Awards continued to see a rise in more male entertainers receiving awards such as Emilio Navaira, Jay Perez, and La Mafia. The group, La Mafia, became the first male Tejano group to sell a gold album (sales of 50,000 units). For the females, Selena's album Ven Conmigo (1990) became the very first Tejano album to ever be certified gold by the RIAA.

## Awards 
*Tejano Music Awards for Male Vocalist of The Year
*Tejano Music Awards for Female Vocalist of The Year
*Tejano Music Awards for Best New Male Artist
*Tejano Music Awards for Best New Female Artist
*Tejano Music Awards for Best New Group
*Tejano Music Awards for Album of The Year (Conjunto)
*Tejano Music Awards for Album of The Year (Tejano)
*Tejano Music Awards for Entertainer of The Year
*Tejano Music Awards for Song of The Year
*Tejano Music Awards decade ballots
*Tejano Music Awards for Album of The Year (group)
*Tejano Music Awards for Crossover Song of The Year
*Tejano Music Awards for Vocal Duo of the Year
*Tejano Music Awards for Lifetime Achievement Award
*Tejano Music Awards for Most Promising Band
*Tejano Music Awards for Showband of the Year
*Tejano Music Awards for Album of The Year (Conjunto Progressive)
*Tejano Music Awards for Album of The Year (Urban Tejano)
*Tejano Music Awards for Album of The Year (Conjunto Norteño)
*Tejano Music Awards for Mexican/Regional Song of the Year
*Tejano Music Awards for Album of The Year (Tejano Norteño)
*Tejano Music Awards for Tejano Music Video of the Year
*Tejano Music Awards for Album of The Year (Traditional)
*Tejano Music Awards for Humanitarian of the Year
*Tejano Music Awards for Album of The Year (Orchestra)
*Tejano Music Awards for Album of The Year (Overall)
*Tejano Music Awards for Song of The Year (Tejano Country)
*Tejano Music Awards for Instrumental of the Year
*Tejano Music Awards for Songwriter of the Year
*Tejano Music Awards for Tejano Gospel Music Artist

## References 
## Books and articles 
*

## Other websites 
*Official web site
Boomerang (roller coaster)

**Boomerang** is a coaster type made by Vekoma, named after the original boomerang. The first Boomerang began operation in 1984 at Rafaela Padilla in Puebla, México (which has since been moved to Six Flags México), and it has become one of the most repeated roller coaster designs in the world, with 41 Boomerangs operating as of 2011, another two "Standing but not operating" or in storage, and one currently under construction.

## Information 
The Boomerang operates with one train with 7 cars, each capable of carrying 4 people (28 people per train). The ride starts with the train being pulled backwards out of the station, up a lift hill by a catch-car. When the catch-car reaches the end of the lift hill, it releases the train, which rolls down through the station, then into a cobra roll. After the cobra roll, it goes through a loop after which it clicks onto a chain on the second lift hill. When the train reaches the end of the second lift hill, the chain is moved down, which causes the train to roll down (as it is not attached to the chain anymore) and do the same track backwards.

## Problems 
Boomerang coasters have sometimes stalled, often in the cobra Roll element. As a precaution, many Boomerang coasters, are built with an access platform just under the cobra roll. Also, sometimes the train gets stuck on the second lift hill.

## Other websites 
* Boomerang page on the Vekoma website 
* Listing of Boomerang roller coasters at the Roller coaster database.
* Listing of Invertigo roller coasters at the Roller coaster database.
* Listing of Giant Inverted Boomerang roller coasters at the Roller coaster database.
* Detailed Technical Article about Boomerang Roller Coasters
Globular cluster

globular cluster in the constellation Scorpius is about 30,000 light-years from the Sun. It has several hundred thousand stars.]]

A **globular cluster** is a group of stars of a similar age which orbits the central bulge of a galaxy. Gravity holds clusters together and gives them their spherical shape. Towards the centre of such clusters, there are many stars in a relatively small space. 

Globular clusters occur in the halo of a galaxy and in its disk. Those in the halo contain many more stars and are much older than the less dense open clusters in the disk. Globular clusters are fairly common: there are about 150 to 158 known globular clusters in the Milky Way. Large galaxies can have more: Andromeda may have as many as 500. 

Some giant elliptical galaxies, particularly those at the centres of galaxy clusters, such as M87, have as many as 10,000 globular clusters. These globular clusters orbit the galaxy out to huge distances, 40 kiloparsecs (approximately 131,000 light-years) or more.

Every galaxy of sufficient mass in the Local Group has its group of globular clusters, and almost every large galaxy surveyed has  a system of globular clusters. The Sagittarius Dwarf and Canis Major Dwarf galaxies appear to be in the process of donating their associated globular clusters (such as Palomar 12) to the Milky Way. This demonstrates how many of this galaxy's globular clusters might have been acquired in the past.

## Observation history 
The first globular cluster discovered was M22 in 1665, but individual stars in a globular cluster were not seen until Charles Messier observed M4. The first eight globular clusters discovered are shown in the table. The *M* before a number refers to the catalogue of Charles Messier, while *NGC* is from the New General Catalogue.

William Herschel began a survey program in 1782 using larger telescopes and was able to resolve the stars in all 33 of the known globular clusters. In addition he found 37 additional clusters. In Herschel's 1789 catalog of deep sky objects, his second such, he became the first to use the name *globular cluster* as their description.

The number of globular clusters discovered continued to increase, reaching 83 in 1915, 93 in 1930 and 97 by 1947. A total of 152 globular clusters have now been found in the Milky Way galaxy, out of probably 180 ± 20. The additional, undiscovered globular clusters are believed to be hidden behind the gas and dust of the Milky Way.

## References
Abraham Quintanilla

**Abraham Issac Quintanilla, Jr.** (February 20, 1939 – December 13, 2025) was a Mexican American singer. 

He was the father and manager of Tejano singer Selena, becoming her manager throughout her life.

## *Los Dinos* era 
Abraham and his close friends formed a Mexican American doo-wop band called, *Los Dinos* beginning in the 1950s. *Los Dinos* took to the road everywhere their music was much appreciated. Through struggles, Los Dinos signed numerous minor Texas based record companies. Abraham opened a Mexican American restaurant in 1982, which featured performances by his musically gifted children. Unfortunately, the restaurant was unsuccessful and closed in its first year. In the same year, the "Selena Fan Club" was formed by Yolanda Saldivar who later took Selena's life.

## Personal life 
After Selena's death, Abraham Quintanilla continued to produce new acts in the music business and film with his record company, Q-Productions.

Abraham died in Corpus Christi on December 13, 2025, at the age of 86.

## Discography 
;Studio albums

## Filmography 
## References 
## Other websites 
* IMDB profile
* Q-Productions.com web site
Handstand

A **handstand** is the act of holding the body upside down balancing on the hands. The body is held straight with arms and legs fully extended. The hands are placed about shoulder-width apart. A handstand performer must have balance and upper body strength.

Handstands are used in many activities, including acro dance, acrobatics, cheerleading and gymnastics. Some types of handstand are performed on all gymnastic equipment. Many tumbling skills pass through a handstand position as part of the action. Breakdancers use handstands in freezes and kicks. Sometimes a handstand is used as a starting position for diving. In games or contests, swimmers will sometimes do underwater handstands on pool bottoms with legs and feet extended above the water.

Handstands are known by various other names. In yoga, the handstand is known as *Adho Mukha Vrksasana* (pronounced AHD-hoh MOOK-hah vrik-SHAH-sah-nah) translating to Downward-facing Tree Pose, and in capoeira it is named bananeira.

## Types
There are two basic handstands used in modern gymnastics: *curved-back* and *straight-back*. Straight-back style is used when straight body lines are wanted and possible. In many cases the curved-back style is better as it has much better control over balance. Balance is kept by shifting body weight towards the fingers or the heel of the hand.

All basic handstands have these features:
***Straight arms** with hands placed on the ground about shoulder-width apart.
***Straight legs**, held together.
***Pointed toes** so as to continue the lines of the legs.

Straight-back handstands have these characteristics:
***Tucked head** (face pointed forward) as if standing upright.
***Straight spine**, with hips pushed forward. If performed while lying flat, this would cause the small of the back to contact ground.

## Variations
Common handstand variations include:
* Straight legs held in a side or front split.
* *Stag split*, in which legs are front split with bent knees.
* Back very arched, with bent knees and toes touching the back of the head.
* Hollowback, with the back bent so that legs go further forward than the head.
* One-handed, in which only one hand contacts the ground.
* Handstand pushups, in which one raises and lowers the body while standing inverted on the hands.

## Related pages
*Diving
*Gymnastics

## References
Bit rate

**Bit rate** (also called **bitrate**, **data rate**, or *R*) is how fast bits of data move from one place to another. It is measured in bits per second (bit/s).

It is different from symbol rate and bandwidth, but part of the same group.

## Related pages  
* Bandwidth (computing)
Renal disease

**Renal disease** is the name for a disease or condition that mainly affects the kidneys. Medical words for renal disease are **nephropathy** or **nephrosis**. 

There are many possible causes of renal disease, including:
*Diabetes
*High blood pressure 
*Some pain medicines which affect how well the kidneys work, if they are taken over a longer time period
*If a person has an organ transplantation, certain drugs need to be taken to keep the immune system from attacking the new organ. These often affect the kidneys.
*Certain diseases, like from eating bread contaminated with Aristolochic acid
*Certain viruses, such as HIV
If renal disease gets bad enough, it can cause renal failure, where the kidneys do not work at all.
Florida, Chile

**Florida** is a city and commune in Chile with 10067 inhabitants and an area of 609 square kilometres, all according to the census on 2002. The city is located at 42 kilometres to the eastern of Concepción.

## History 
The city was founded on 1755 by Antonio de Seravia.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Municipality of the city of Florida (Chile)
Lions Gate Entertainment

**Lions Gate Entertainment**, more often known as **Lionsgate**, is a Canadian-American motion picture and television company. It was formed in Vancouver in 1995, and is currently headquartered in Santa Monica, California. As of 2007, it is the most commercially successful independent movie and television distribution company in North America.

Lionsgate produces movies that major American studios would not accept because they are too controversial or too disturbing for major studios. Movies produced by Lionsgate include the *Saw* franchise, *Kick-Ass*, Tyler Perry films and many other movies.

## Other Forms 
### Powerhouse of Entertainment 
**Powerhouse of Entertainment** (formerly **Entertainment Partners Ltd**) is an American independent licensee, producer and distributor of entertainment programming and film and television productions in North America, with approximately 3,000,000,000 all media titles in domestic release, and approximately 450 programs internationally via sublicense agreements. For many of its titles, Image has exclusive audio and broadcast rights as well as digital download rights to approximately 2,100 video programs and over 400 audio programs containing more than 6,000 tracks. The company is headquartered between Burbank, California and Chatsworth, California. 

### MGM/MCA 
**MGM/MCA** is an American entertainment company. It was formed on July 10, 1997, in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada and is currently headquartered in Santa Monica, California

## References
Languages of South Africa

South Africa has eleven official languages.  They are Afrikaans, English, IsiNdebele, Sepedi, Sesotho, SiSwati, Setswana, Xitsonga, Tshivenda, IsiXhosa and IsiZulu. Most South Africans (over 99%) speak one of these languages as a first language. Most South Africans can speak more than one language.  Prior to 1994, South Africa had only two official languages, English and Afrikaans.

All the official languages are equally spoken and recognized everywhere in South Africa even though they are dominant in their respective provinces. Sesotho(Southern Sotho) is dominant in the Free State Province, Setswana(Northern Cape and North West Province), Sepedi(Northern Sotho), Tshivenda and Xitsonga in Limpopo Province, isiZulu in KwaZulu Natal province, isiXhosa in Eastern/Western Cape Province. English and Afrikaans is common in all the provinces as English is a medium of instruction. Due to people migrating to different provinces in pursuit for work, there is always a chance you'll find multiple languages spoken in certain regions however a dominant language with respect to that province will prevail. 

The English version of the South African constitution calls each of these languages by its name in that language. Sotho is called Sesotho, Tswana is called Setswana, Pedi is called Sepedi, Zulu is called *isiZulu*, Xhosa language is called *isiXhosa*, and so on. The languages listed in the constitution are: Sesotho(Southern Sotho), Setswana(Tswana), Sepedi(Northern Sotho), isiZulu (Zulu), isiXhosa (Xhosa), Afrikaans (Afrikaans), English (English), Xitsonga (Tsonga), Siswati (Swati), Tshivenda (Venda), and isiNdebele (Southern Ndebele).

In South Africa, Southern Ndebele is known simply as *Ndebele*, since most speakers of Northern Ndebele live in Zimbabwe.  The 1993 version of the Constitution referred to Northern Sotho as *Sesotho sa Leboa*, but the 1996 version called it *Sepedi*. Different government departments and official organizations use different names for Northern Sotho.

The main language of government is English. Afrikaans and English are both important languages used in commerce. Most rich South Africans speak Afrikaans and English.  

Two of the official languages are West Germanic languages (English and Afrikaans). The other nine languages are Bantu languages. Four of the Bantu languages are part of the Nguni family (Zulu, Xhosa, Swati, Ndebele). Three of the Bantu languages are Sotho-Tswana languages (Northern Sotho, Southern Sotho, Setswana). Tsonga is a Tswa-Ronga language. South Africa also has a national sign language, South African Sign Language.

## References
## Other websites
* Introduction to the languages of South Africa
* Ethnologue Listing of South African Languages
* PanAfriL10n page on South Africa 
* Statistics SA
Entre A Mi Mundo

***Entre A Mi Mundo*** (English: *Enter My World*), was the fourth studio album by Mexican-American Tejano pop singer, Selena. The album was released on May 6, 1992, a month after her marriage with Selena y Los Dinos guitarist, Chris Pérez.

The album won several awards at the Tejano Music Awards and Premio Lo Nuestro Awards. Songs like "Como La Flor" and "La Carcacha" became Selena's signature songs and helped her crossover to tour in Mexico. The duet with El Salvadoran singer,  Álvaro Torres, entitled "Buenos Amgios", the song became Selena's first #1 *Billboard* song and helped her crossover to South America. To date the album had sold more than 1,200,000 copies in the United States being certified 6x Platinum by the RIAA.

## Track listing 
## Certifications 
## Personnel 
*Pete Astudillo - Vocals (Background)
*Selena - Main Performer
*Manny R. Guerra - Engineer
*Manny R. Guerra - Guest Appearance
*Joe Ojeda - Keyboards
*Chris Pérez - Guitar
*Abraham Quintanilla III - Bass
*Abraham Quintanilla III - Arranger
*Abraham Quintanilla III - Vocals
*Abraham Quintanilla III - Producer
*Ricky Vela - Keyboards
*Al Rendon - Photography
*Selena Quintanilla - Vocals
*Ramon Hernandez - Photography
*Suzette Quintanilla - Drums
*Suzette Quintanilla - Liner Notes
*Suzette Quintanilla - Stylist
*Brian "Red" Moore - Engineer
*Joel Jose Guzman - Guest Appearance
*Lisette Lorenzo - Art Direction
*Abraham Quintanilla, Jr. - Executive Producer

## References
Selena Live!

***Selena Live!*** is a Grammy Award–winning live album released by Tejano singer Selena on May 4, 1993.

## Track listing 
## Certifications 
Note: Certifications are based on the number of units shipped and not the number of copies sold.

## References
Muñequito de Trapo

***Muñequito de Trapo*** (English: *Doll Rag*) is the second LP record released by Mexican-American Tejano pop band Selena y Los Dinos.

## Track listing 
## Re-Release 
This album was re-released entitled *Classic Series Vol. 2* in 2007.
And the Winner Is...

***And the Winner Is*** (Originally released as ***Female Vocalist of the Year and The Winner Is... Selena & Los Dinos***) is the third LP record release from Mexican-American Tejano pop band Selena y Los Dinos.

## Track listing 
## Re-release 
This album was re-released entitled *Classic Series, Vol. 3* in 2007.
The New Girl in Town

***The New Girl in Town*** is the first released album by Selena Y Los Dinos. The album has ten tracks. Some of them were covers of songs performed by other artists before Selena. The rest were written by Selena's father Abraham Quintanilla, Jr.

## Production
When Selena and her band did not receive much support from Freddie Martinez, the founder of Freddie Records, Abraham Quintanilla Jr, the father of Selena, began searching for another record label for the band. In the summer of 1984, *Cara Records* contacted him who had heard Selena during a recent concert and so they can sign *Selena y Los Dinos*. Selena began to record tracks for her new album *The New Girl In Town* in late 1984. Cara Records released the album in 1985, but had to withdraw it after only two months due to conflicts with various song rights. Quintanilla then moved the band to the Manny Guerra labels GP Productions and RP Productions/Record Producer from 1985–1989, and finally to EMI in 1989. The song "Oh Mama" on Cara Records became very popular leading to appearances by Selena y Los Dinos on television shows like the *Johnny Canales Show*.

## Track listing
## Singles
* 1983: "Encontre El Amor"  *I Found Love*
* 1983: "Soy Feliz"  *I Am Happy*
* 1983: "Se Me Hace"  *I Am Thinking...*
* 1983: "Estoy Contigo"  ''I'm With You*
* 1984: "Dejame Volar"  *Let Me Fly*
* 1984: "La Tracalera"  *The Party Girl*
* 1984: "Escribeme"  *Write Me*
* 1984: "Aunque No Salga El Sol"  *Even If The Sun Doesn't Rise*
* 1985: "Oh Mama"
* 1985: "Un Primer Amor"  *A First Love''

## Other websites
* Selena official website
* http://www.selenaforever.com/Site_Guide/Music_Information.html
* http://www.selenaforever.com/Selenamusic/selenadiscography.html

## References
Lauren Faust

**Lauren Johanna Faust** (born July 25, 1974 in Annapolis, Maryland) is an American television animator. She was the storyboard artist for *The Powerpuff Girls* and ''Foster's Home for Imaginary Friends*. She is also the developer for *My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic*. She announced that she would be stepping down as Executive Producer to become the Consulting Producer on May 8, 2011 after the *My Little Pony''s first season finale. She studied animation at the California Institute of the Arts. She is also known to discuss the shows that she has worked on with fans on her deviantART page.

## Other websites 
*
*Lauren Faust's deviantART page
Alpha (album)

***Alpha*** is the second album released by Selena Y Los Dinos.

## Track listing
## Re-Release 
The album was re-released in 2006 entitled *Classic Series Vol. 1*.

Nearly all tracks are new mixes. They are different versions than on the original Alpha album.
White Men Can't Jump (video game)

'''''White Men Can't Jump''''' is a basketball video game developed by High Voltage Software and published by Atari. The game was made for the Atari Jaguar. The game was released July of 1995 in North America. White Men Can't Jump is based on the movie of the same name. The video game is said to be one of the worst video games that was released on the Atari Jaguar due to poor graphics and other factors.

## Other websites
*White Men Can't Jump at MobyGames
Ksenia Sobchak

**Ksenia Anatolyevna Sobchak** (; born on November 5, 1981) is a Russian television presenter, actress and singer. Since 2004 she has been the presenter of the reality show *House 2*. She is the only child of politicians Anatoly Sobchak (1937-2000) and Lyudmila Narusova (b.1951).

Sobchak tried to run against the country's longest-running president Vladimir Putin in 2018. 

## Personal life 
Ksenia is married to Konstantin Bogomolov, Ksenia has a son from her first marriage, his name is Plato.

## References 
## Other websites 
*