open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Supervolcano

A **supervolcano** is a volcano that can make a volcanic eruption where the things being thrown out of the volcano have a volume bigger than , which is a Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI) of 8. If the definition is expanded, supervolcanoes also include volcanoes that have volcanic eruptions with a volume bigger than , which is a Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI) of 7. This is thousands of times bigger than most volcanic eruptions which happened a long time. Supervolcanoes can occur when magma in the Earth rises into the crust from a hotspot, but can not break through the crust. More and more pressure builds up in a large and growing magma pool until the crust can no longer take the pressure. 

Although there are not many Quaternary supervolcanoes, supervolcanic eruptions usually cover very big areas with lava and volcanic ash. They can also cause a long-lasting change to weather (such as causing a volcanic winter which can trigger a small ice age), enough to possibly make species extinct.

## Terminology 
The term "supervolcano" was first used in the BBC popular science television program *Horizon* in 2000 to mean eruptions of this type. 

Volcanologists (who study with volcanoes) and geologists do not say "supervolcanoes" in their scientific work. This is because the word can mean many different geothermal conditions.  Since 2003, however, the term has been used by professionals when showing things to the public.  The term '''' is sometimes used for calderas which are quite similar to supervolcanoes, such as the Blake River Megacaldera Complex in the Abitibi greenstone belt of Ontario and Quebec, Canada.

## Super Eruptions 
VEI 8 eruptions are considered super-eruptions due to their large scale. The Earth's most recent supereruption is the Oruanui eruption, occurring 26,500 years ago.

## Related pages 
* Toba catastrophe theory

## References 
## More reading 
* 

* 

## Other websites 
* Information on the original BBC program
* Yellowstone Supervolcano and Map of Supervolcanoes Around The World 
* USGS Fact Sheet – Steam Explosions, Earthquakes, and Volcanic Eruptions – What's in Yellowstone's Future?
* Discovery Channel's site on "Supervolcano"
* Scientific American's The Secrets of Supervolcanoes
*
Nesvizh Castle

**Nesvizh Castle** or **Niasvizh Castle** is a castle of the Radziwill family in Nesvizh in Belarus.

## History
The estate was owned by the Radziwiłł Belarus magnate family starting in 1533.  It was given to Mikołaj Radziwiłł and his brother Jan Radziwiłł after the Kiszka family died. Since the Radziwills were one of the most important and rich clans of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, it was there that the Lithuanian Archive was moved in 1551. In 1586 the estate was made into an *ordynacja*.

In 1582 Mikołaj Krzysztof "Sierotka" Radziwiłł started to build a large square three-storey chateau. Building was completed by 1604. They added several galleries half a century later. The château's corners had four octagonal towers.

In 1706, during the Great Northern War, Charles XII's army sacked the castle.  The destroyed its fortifications. Several decades later, the Radziwills asked some German and Italian architects to fix and enlarge the chateau. Antoni Zaleski decorated its yellow facades with baroque stucco work. The 16th-century castle gates were also reconstructed. It was at this time that the three separate buildings surrounding the central courtyard were joined into a single structure.

The most important building in Nesvizh is the Corpus Christi Church.  It is connected with the castle by a dam over a ditch.  It has coffins of 72 members of the Radziwill family, each in a simple coffin made of birch and marked with Trąby Coat of Arms. Designed by the Italian architect Gian Maria Bernardoni, the church is said to be the first Jesuit temple patterned after Il Gesù in Rome.  It is the first domed basilica with Baroque facade in the world and the first baroque piece of architecture in Eastern Europe.

In 1770 the castle was taken by Russian forces. The Radziwill family was removed. The Lithuanian Archive was moved to Saint Petersburg (where it remains).  The works of art in the palace were given to various Russian nobles. The Russian army left. The palace slowly fell into disrepair. It was restored by the Radziwills.  Between 1881 and 1886 the castle's insides were fixed by Prince Anton Radizwill and his French wife, Marie de Castellane. They also made a landscape park in English style. With an area of more than one square kilometre, the park is one of the biggest in Europe.

In 1939, the Radziwill family was removed from the castle by the invading Red Army. In Soviet times, the chateau was used a sanatorium.

In 1994, the castle complex was made a national historical and cultural reserve. Twelve years later, the castle complex was added on the World Heritage List.

## Other websites
Prix Benois de la Danse

The **Benois de la Danse** is one of the most  ballet competitions. It was started by the International Dance Association in Moscow in 1991.  It takes place each year on or around April 29 and is jury-based in its judging. The members of this jury change every year and have only top ballet personages.

Statuettes are given to the winners in the categories of lifelong achievement, ballerina, danseur, choreographer, composer and designer.

## History 
The idea for the Benois de la Danse was started in Moscow.  The founders got support of UNESCO in the autumn of 1992.  Its scheduling at the end of April is to match with the birthday of Alexandre Benois (1870–1960).

French sculptor Igor Ustinov designed the statuette of the Benois de la Danse award in 1992. He is the son of the famous actor Peter Ustinov, a great-nephew of Alexandre Benois.

## Goals of competition 
* To give the Benois audience the best performances of the works that have been entered, regardless of whom they were made by.
* To bring the best representatives of different dance styles and schools together.
* To support veterans of ballet financially, with funds from the gala concerts

## References
Prime (movie)

***Prime*** is a 2005 American romantic comedy-drama movie set in Manhattan, New York City. It was written and directed by Ben Younger. It stars Uma Thurman, Meryl Streep and Bryan Greenberg.

Thurman plays 37 year old divorced photographer Rafi Gardet, who begins a sexual relationship with 23 year old David Bloomberg, who is Jewish. Streep plays her psychiatrist Lisa Metzger, whom she tells about the relationship. Both women find out that the man involved is Lisa's son. Lisa disapproves of the relationship because of the age-gap and because Rafi is not Jewish.

## Other websites 
*
Regions of Belarus

Belarus is divided into six *oblasts* (*voblasts* or provinces). These oblasts are the first-level subdivisions of Belarus. The city of Minsk has a special status as the capital of Belarus. Minsk is also the capital of Minsk Region.

The regions of Belarus are divided into *raions* (districts).

The layout and size of the regions were created in 1960 when Belarus (then the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic) became a republic of the Soviet Union.

## History 
At the start of the 20th century, the borders of the Belarusian lands in the Russian Empire were still being made. In 1900 it was made of the entire Minsk Governorate and Mogilev Governorate, most of  Grodno Governorate, parts of Vitebsk Governorate, and parts of Vilna Governorate (Vilna Governorate is now in Lithuania). World War I, the independence of Poland, and the 1920-1921 Polish–Soviet War changed the borders. In 1921, Belarus had what is now all of Minsk Region except for the western fringe, the western part of Gomel Region, a western slice of Mahilyow Region, and a small part of Vitebsk Region. In 1926, the eastern part of Gomel Region was added.

At different times between 1938 and 1960, the following *oblasts* existed:

* Babruysk Oblast, created 1944, deleted 1954
* Baranavichy Oblast, created 1939, deleted 1954
* Belastok Oblast, created 1939, deleted 1944 (now Białystok in Poland)
* Brest Oblast, created 1939
* Gomel Oblast, created 1938
* Grodno Oblast, created 1944
* Maladzyechna Oblast renamed from Vileyka Oblast 1944, deleted 1960
* Mogilev Oblast, created 1938
* Minsk Oblast, created 1938
* Navahrudak Oblast, created 1939, renamed Baranavichy Oblast December 1939
* Pinsk Oblast, created 1939, deleted 1954
* Polatsk Oblast, created 1944, deleted 1954
* Polesia Oblast, created 1938, deleted 1954
* Vitebsk Oblast, created 1938
* Vileyka Oblast, created 1939, renamed to Maladzyechna Oblast 1944

## Regions 
## Historical division 
## References 
## Other websites 
* Interactive map of Belarus 
* Regions (oblasts) of Belarus, The official President's website
* Geography of Belarus, The official website of Belarus 
* Belarusian regions, towns and villages
* Current Status of United Nations Romanization Systems for Geographical Names of Belarus
List of World Heritage Sites in Sweden

There are fourteen official UNESCO World Heritage Sites in Sweden.  There are twelve cultural sites, one natural site and one mixed site.

## Inscribed sites
:**Name**: name as listed by the World Heritage Committee
:**Coordinates**: geographic coordinates of the site's location
:**County**: County of Sweden where the site is at
:**Year**: year the site was added to the World Heritage List
:**UNESCO ref**: the site's reference number
:**UNESCO criteria**: the criteria it was listed under (criteria *i* through *vi* are cultural, while *vii* through *x* are natural)
:**Description**: brief description of the site

## References
List of World Heritage Sites in France

This is a **list of World Heritage Sites in France** that are in UNESCO's World Heritage List. Currently, thirty-seven properties in France are on the World Heritage List. Thirty-three of these are cultural properties, three are natural properties, and one is mixed. The first was added to the list in 1979 and the latest in 2011. 

## Properties on the World Heritage List
## References
List of World Heritage Sites in the Republic of Ireland

is one of the most important prehistoric megalithic sites in Europe and is also older than Stonehenge and the great pyramids of Giza.]]
**World Heritage Sites in Ireland** are places that are in the UNESCO World Heritage Programme.  These are places of outstanding cultural or natural importance to the common heritage of mankind. 

## Existing sites
### Brú na Bóinne
Located in County Meath, the site is several Neolithic chamber tombs, standing stones, henges and other prehistoric enclosures.  Some date to as early as 35th century BC - 32nd century BC. The site came before the Egyptian pyramids.  It was built with a knowledge of science and astronomy.  This is most evident in the passage grave of Newgrange. The site is often called the "Bend of the Boyne".  Some people think this is what Brú na Bóinne means, but it does not.  It means "Palace of the Boyne". It was made a World Heritage Site in 1993.

### Skellig Michael
Off the coast of west County Kerry, Skellig Michael was probably founded in the 7th century. For 600 years the island was a centre of monastic life for Irish Christian monks. The Gaelic monastery is almost at the top of the 230-metre-high rock. It became a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1996. It is one of Europe's better known but hardest to reach monasteries.
List of World Heritage Sites in the Netherlands

This is a **list of World Heritage Sites in the Netherlands** with properties of cultural and natural heritage in the Netherlands that are on UNESCO's World Heritage List. Currently, nine properties in the Netherlands and Curaçao are on the World Heritage List. Eight of these are cultural properties and one is a natural property. The first was added to the list in 1995 and the latest in 2010. Seven properties are in the Netherlands, one is in Curaçao, and one is in both the Netherlands and Germany. The Wadden Sea is in the Netherlands, Germany, and Denmark, but only the Dutch and German parts are on the World Heritage List.

## Properties on the World Heritage List
## Notes
## References
Southwark Bridge

]]

**Southwark Bridge** is an arch bridge across the River Thames in London, England.  The bridge makes it possible to travel back and forth between Southwark and the City of London  

At the north-west side is Vintners Court.

The south end is near the Tate Modern and Globe Theatre.

The next bridge upstream is the London Millennium Bridge. The next downstream is Cannon Street Railway Bridge.

## History
Southwark Bridge opened in 1921.  A previous bridge on this site opened in 1819

In June 2012, the bridge was highlighted on the  of Queen Elizabeth II's Diamond Jubilee Pageant on the Thames.

## Related pages 
* List of crossings of the River Thames

## References
## Other websites
* 
*
List of World Heritage Sites in Armenia

There are currently 3 UNESCO World Heritage Sites in Armenia. 

## World Heritage Sites
The table lists information about each World Heritage Site:
:**Name**; as listed by the World Heritage Committee
:**Location**; in one of Greece's regions, with co-ordinates provided by UNESCO
:**Period**; time period of significance, typically of construction
:**UNESCO data**; Site reference number, the year the site was inscribed on the World Heritage List, and the criteria it was listed under
:**Description**; brief description of the site

## References
List of World Heritage Sites in Switzerland

This is a **list of World Heritage Sites in Switzerland** with cultural and natural heritage in Switzerland that are in UNESCO's World Heritage List. 
Currently, eleven properties are on the World Heritage List.  Eight of these are cultural properties and three are natural properties. The first three were added to the list in 1983 and the latest in 2011.   

## Sites 
## References
Lists of World Heritage Sites in Europe

For lists of World Heritage Sites in Europe, see:
*List of World Heritage Sites in Northern Europe (Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Iceland, Latvia, Lithuania, Norway, and Sweden)
***List of World Heritage Sites in Sweden*
*List of World Heritage Sites in Western Europe (Austria, Belgium, France, Germany, Ireland, Netherlands, Switzerland, United Kingdom)
***List of World Heritage Sites in France*
***List of World Heritage Sites in Ireland*
***List of World Heritage Sites in the Netherlands*
***List of World Heritage Sites in Switzerland*
***List of World Heritage Sites of the United Kingdom*
*List of World Heritage Sites in Eastern Europe (Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Slovakia, Ukraine, Romania, and the European part of Russia)
***List of World Heritage Sites in Armenia*
***List of World Heritage Sites in Bulgaria*
***List of World Heritage Sites in Hungary*
***List of World Heritage Sites in Poland*
***List of World Heritage Sites in Romania*
***List of World Heritage Sites in Russia*
***List of World Heritage Sites in Turkey*
***List of World Heritage Sites in Ukraine*
*List of World Heritage Sites in Southern Europe (Albania, Greece, Italy, Portugal, Serbia, Slovenia, and Spain)
***List of World Heritage Sites in Albania*
***List of World Heritage Sites in Bosnia and Herzegovina*
***List of World Heritage Sites in Greece*
***List of World Heritage Sites in Italy*
***List of World Heritage Sites in North Macedonia*
***List of World Heritage Sites in Spain*
***List of World Heritage Sites in Serbia*
List of World Heritage Sites in Poland

There are thirteen UNESCO World Heritage Sites in Poland. The first properties were added to the World Heritage List in 1978. Two of the sites are shared with neighboring countries.

## World Heritage Sites
## References
List of World Heritage Sites in Bulgaria

The **List of World Heritage Sites in Bulgaria** is a  of places chosen by UNESCO, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization.

## History
UNESCO was created for the "conservation and protection of the world’s inheritance of books, works of art and monuments of history and science". The constitution of UNESCO was ratified in 1946 by 26 countries.

Bulgaria agreed to take part in the World Heritage Convention in 1974.

## List
The World Heritage Site (WHS) list has  over time.  It is part of a process; and the list continues to grow.

There are nine WHS places in Bulgaria. The first four properties were added in the World Heritage List in 1979, and the last in 1985.

### Cultural
### Natural
### Tentative list
The Tentative List consists of sites which have been nominated.  The  process is not yet completed.
* Two neolithic dwellings with their interior and household furnishings and utensils completely preserved
* The Magoura cave with drawings from the bronze age
* The ancient town of Nicopolis ad Istrum
* The late ancient tomb of Silistra
* The Bachkovo Monastery
* The town of Melnik and the Rozhen Monastery
* The Roussensky Lom National Park
* The Ancient Plovdiv
* Thracian Tomb with Wall Paintings beside Alexandrovo village
* Vratsa Karst Nature Reserve
* Rocks of Belogradchik
* Central Balkan National Park
* Pobiti Kamani Natural Monument

## Gallery

Image:Desislava.jpg|A fresco from the Boyana Church

Image:Nesebar-oldtown-imagesfrombulgaria.jpg|A view of the Ancient City of Nesebar
Image:Pirin_national_park.jpg|Pirin National Park
Image:Rilamon-lazarov-5.JPG|Rila Monastery
Image:Ivanovo_gesamt.jpg|Rock-hewn Churches of Ivanovo
Image:Srebarna-Lake.jpg|Lake Srebarna
Image:Reproduction_of_Thracian_tomb_2.jpg|A chariot race mural from the Thracian Tomb of Kazanlak
Image:Sveshtari_Thracian_tomb_Bulgaria_IFB.JPG|Thracian Tomb of Sveshtari
Image:Magura_-_drawings.jpg|Drawings in the Magura Cave

Image:Meleniko.jpg|Melnik, uniting old architecture with natural beauty

## Related pages
*World Heritage Committee
*UNESCO World Heritage Site
*Table of World Heritage Sites by country
*List of World Heritage Sites in Europe

## References
## Other websites
* List of biosphere reserves which are wholly or partially world heritage sites
List of World Heritage Sites in Turkey

Below is the list of UNESCO World Heritage Sites in Turkey. 

## References
## Other websites
* UNESCO World Heritage Centre - Turkey
Air Traffic Safety Electronics Personnel

**Air Traffic Safety Electronics Personnel** (ATSEPs) are the air traffic management technical staff in charge of the electronics and software used for the safety of air traffic.

In France, ATSEPs are from the French Civil Aviation University, and in Morocco from the ''Académie internationale Mohammed VI de l'aviation civile''.

## References
## Other websites
*website page about ATSEPs
*ATSEP Belgium Association webpage about the ATSEP 
*ATSEP Competence
Type rating

A **type rating** is an authorization to fly a certain aircraft type that requires additional training. What aircraft require a type rating is decided by the local civil aviation authority.

## References
Isaac Levitan

**Isaac Ilyich Levitan** (; August 30, 1860 &ndash; ) was a Lithuanian-Russian landscape painter of Jewish descent.

## Biography
Levitan was born in 1860 in Kibarty, Lithuania. His father worked for a railroad company. From 1873 to 1885, Levitan went to school at the Moscow College of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture in Moscow, Russia. He learned painting form the painters Savrasov and Polenov. Starting in 1884 his paintings went on display with the Society for Circulating Art Exhibitions. He became a member of the society in 1891. Levitan taught landscape painting at the Moscow College of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture starting in 1898. He died in Moscow in 1900.

## Work
In his career as a painter, Levitan painted many landscapes which were later thought of as masterpieces of Russian art. Levitan painted simple landscapes from Russia. Early in his career he painted scenes from around Moscow. Next he painted scenes from around the Volga River. His later paintings came from Vladimir, Vyshny Volochek, and the Tver region of Russia.

## References
Peter O'Neill

'''Peter O'Neill''', CMG (born 13 February 1965 ) was the prime minister of Papua New Guinea from 2011 to 2019.

## References
Programmable read-only memory

]]
**Programmable Read-Only Memory** (**PROM**) is a type of read-only memory (ROM) that can be programmed directly by the user using a special PROM programmer. It is a control memory in which stored information can be altered, but not as easily as in ordinary memory.

A PROM that is able to be erased and rewritten is called an EPROM (standing for erasable programmable read-only memory). A PROM that is able to erased and rewritten only using electricity is called an EEPROM (standing for electrically erasable programmable read-only memory).
List of World Heritage Sites in Ukraine

The **List of World Heritage Sites in Ukraine** is a  of places chosen by UNESCO, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, located in Ukraine.

## History
UNESCO was created for the "conservation and protection of the world’s inheritance of books, works of art and monuments of history and science". The constitution of UNESCO was ratified in 1946 by 26 countries.

Ukraine agreed to take part in the World Heritage Convention in 1988.

## List
The World Heritage Site (WHS) list has  over time.  It is part of a process; and the list continues to grow.

There are five WHS places in Ukraine.

## Cultural
## Natural
;Notes
This UNESCO World Heritage Site includes two biosphere reserves: Carpathian Biosphere Sanctuary and the southern half of East Carpathian Biosphere Reserve (Poloniny National Park and Uzhok National Park) as well some protected Presov areas in the eastern Slovakia.

### Tentative list
The Tentative List consists of sites which have been nominated.  The  process is not yet completed.
* Historic Centre of Tchernigov, 9th -13th centuries
* Cultural Landscape of Canyon in Kamenets-Podilsk
* Tarass Shevtchenko Tomb and State Historical and Natural Museum
* National Steppe Biosphere Reserve "Askaniya Nowa"
* Dendrological Park "Sofijivka"
* Bagçesaray Palace of the Crimean Khans
* Archaeological Site "Stone Tomb"
* Mykolayiv Astronomical Observatory
* Complex of the Sudak Fortress Monuments of the 6th - 16th c.
* Astronomical Observatories of Ukraine
* Historic Center of the Port City of Odesa
* Kyiv: Saint Sophia Cathedral with Related Monastic Buildings, St. Cyril's and St. Andrew's Churches, Kyiv-Pechersk Lavra (extension of Kyiv: Saint-Sophia Cathedral and Related Monastic Buildings, Kyiv-Pechersk Lavra)
* Wooden Tserkvas (Churches) of Carpathian Region in Ukraine and Poland
* Trading Posts and Fortifications on Genoese Trade Routes. From the Mediterranean to the Black Sea
* The ancient city of Tauric Chersonese and its chora (5th century BC — 14th century AD)

## Related pages
*World Heritage Committee
*UNESCO World Heritage Site
*Table of World Heritage Sites by country
*List of World Heritage Sites in Europe

## References
## Other websites
* List of biosphere reserves which are wholly or partially world heritage sites
List of World Heritage Sites in Albania

The **United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization** (UNESCO) World Heritage Sites are places of importance to cultural or natural heritage. Below is the list and the tentative list of sites in Albania.

## References
The Idler Wheel...

***The Idler Wheel...*** is an album by Fiona Apple that was released in 2012. Its full name is *The Idler Wheel Is Wiser Than the Driver of the Screw and Whipping Cords Will Serve You More Than Ropes Will Ever Do*. Two singles were released from it. It was nominated at the 2013 Grammy Awards for Best Alternative Album. The album was named the best album of 2012 by Time Magazine, Stereogum, Spinner, and NPR Music's Fresh Air. The album got good reviews. *Pitchfork* gave it a score of 9.0.

## Track listing
# "Every Single Night" – 3:30
# "Daredevil" – 3:28
# "Valentine" – 3:33
# "Jonathan" – 5:04
# "Left Alone" – 4:51
# "Werewolf" – 3:13
# "Periphery" – 4:58
# "Regret" – 5:17
# "Anything We Want" – 4:41
# "Hot Knife" – 4:02

## References
List of World Heritage Sites in Romania

The **List of World Heritage Sites in Romania** is a  of places chosen by UNESCO, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization.

## History
UNESCO was created for the "conservation and protection of the world’s inheritance of books, works of art and monuments of history and science". The constitution of UNESCO was ratified in 1946 by 26 countries.

Romania agreed to take part in the World Heritage Convention in 1990.

## List
The World Heritage Site (WHS) list has  over time.  It is part of a process; and the list continues to grow.

There are seven WHS places in Romania.

### Cultural
### Natural
### Tentative list
The Tentative List consists of sites which have been nominated.  The  process is not yet completed.
* Le Monastère de Neamt
* Eglises byzantines et post-byzantines de Curtea de Arges
* L'ensemble monumental de Tirgu Jiu
* L'ensemble rupestre de Basarabi
* L'église des Trois Hiérarques de Iassy
* Les "coules" de Petite Valachie
* L'église de Densus
* Le noyau historique de la ville d'Alba Julia
* Massif du Retezat
* Pietrosul Rodnei (sommet de montagne)
* Sinpetru (site paléontologique)
* Codrul secular Slatiora (forêt séculaire)
* The Historic Centre of Sibiu and its Ensemble of Squares
* The old villages of Hollókő and Rimetea and their surroundings

## Related pages
*World Heritage Committee
*UNESCO World Heritage Site
*Table of World Heritage Sites by country
*List of World Heritage Sites in Europe 

## References
## Other websites
* List of biosphere reserves which are wholly or partially world heritage sites
List of World Heritage Sites in Russia

The **List of World Heritage Sites in Russia** is a  of places chosen by UNESCO, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization.

## History
UNESCO was created for the "conservation and protection of the world’s inheritance of books, works of art and monuments of history and science". The constitution of UNESCO was ratified in 1946 by 26 countries.

Russia agreed to take part in the World Heritage Convention in 1988.

## List
The World Heritage Site (WHS) list has  over time.  It is part of a process; and the list continues to grow.

There are 24 WHS places in the Russian Federation.
 

*1:(shared with Lithuania)
*2:(shared with Belarus, Estonia, Finland, Latvia, Lithuania, Republic of Moldova, Norway, Sweden, Ukraine)
*3:(shared with Mongolia)

### Tentative list
The Tentative List consists of sites which have been nominated.  The  process is not yet completed.
* Historical and Cultural Jeyrakh-Assa Reservation
* The architectural and historical complex "Shelter of count N.P. Cheremetev"
* The Valamo archipelago
* The National Park of Vodlozerof
* The Bolgar historical-architectural complex
* The ensemble of former city building of Sviyazhsk
* Centre historique d'Irkoutsk
* Cathedral of Christ the Saviour
* Rostov Kremlin
* Railway Bridge Over Yenissey River
* Historic Center of the Yenisseisk
* Church of Prince Dimitri "On Blood"
* Great Pskov
* Petroglyphs of Sikachi-Alyan
* Daurian Steppes (Daursky State Biosphere Reserve)
* The Commander Islands (Comandorsky State Nature Reserve)
* Magadansky State Nature Reserve
* Krasnoyarsk Stolby
* The Great Vasyugan Mire
* Ensemble of the Astrakhan Kremlin
* The Ilmensky mountains
* The archeological site of Tanais
* Russian Kremlins
* Bikin River Valley (Extension of the "Central Sikhote-Alin")
* Architectural and Park Ensemble "Tsar's Country Estate Izmaylovo"
* Bashkir Ural

## Related pages
*World Heritage Committee
*UNESCO World Heritage Site
*Table of World Heritage Sites by country
*List of World Heritage Sites in Asia 
*List of World Heritage Sites in Europe

## References
## Other websites
* List of biosphere reserves which are wholly or partially world heritage sites
Prince Tomohito of Mikasa

was a member of the Imperial House of Japan.

Tomohito was the first member of the Imperial House of Japan to have a full beard since Emperor Meiji.  He was known as "the bearded prince".

## Education
Prince Tomohito graduated from Gakushuin University.

## Public service
Prince Tomohito was involved in the promotion of welfare for the disabled and sports.

## Genealogy
The prince was the eldest son of Prince Mikasa who is the younger brother of former Emperor Shōwa. He was a first cousin of Emperor Akihito.

At the time of his death, Prince Tomohito was sixth in the line of succession to the Japanese throne.

## Related pages 
* Line of succession to the Japanese throne
* Japanese Imperial family tree

## References 
 symbol of the Japanese emperor and his family.]]

## Other websites 
* Imperial Household Agency (*Kunaicho*), Prince and Princess Tomohito of Mikasa
Deprivation

**Deprivation** may refer to:

## Necessities or Rights
* Sleep deprivation
* Maternal deprivation
* Social deprivation
* Sensory deprivation
* Cultural deprivation
* Oxygen deprivation
* Water deprivation
* Deprivation of food
* Nutritional deprivations

## Poverty
* Poverty
* Relative deprivation
* Poverty threshold
* Concentrated poverty
* Deprivation index

## Laws
* Forfeiture
* Loss of consortium

## Science and medicine
* Monocular deprivation
* Language deprivation experiments
* Language deprivation
* Fluid deprivation test
* Androgen deprivation therapy

## Related pages
* Rights
List of World Heritage Sites in Bosnia and Herzegovina

The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) World Heritage Sites are places of importance to cultural or natural heritage. Below is the table with the main list of sites in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

## References
List of World Heritage Sites in Greece

There are 17 UNESCO World Heritage Sites in Greece.  Five of the places are on islands.  One is between the islands and the mainland.  The remaining 11 are on the mainland.  

## World Heritage Sites
The table lists information about each World Heritage Site:
:**Name**; as listed by the World Heritage Committee
:**Location**; in one of Greece's regions, with co-ordinates provided by UNESCO
:**Period**; time period of significance, typically of construction
:**UNESCO data**; Site reference number, the year the site was put on the World Heritage List, and the criteria it was listed under
:**Description**; brief description of the site

## References
Białowieża Forest

**Białowieża Forest**  is an ancient woodland. It is on the border between Poland and Belarus.  It is  north of Brest (Belarus) and  southeast of Białystok (Poland). It is one of the last and largest remaining parts of the large primeval forest that once went across the European Plain.

This UNESCO World Heritage Site and Biosphere Reserve are in parts of the Brest Voblast and Hrodna Voblast in Belarus. On the Polish side they are near the town of Białowieża in the Podlaskie Voivodeship.  Białowieża means the White Tower in Polish.

The border between the two countries runs through the forest. There is a border crossing for hikers and cyclists. The forest is home to 800 wisent, the continent's heaviest land animals.

## Belarusian section 
On the Belarusian side the Biosphere Reserve is . The National Park and World Heritage Site are . The Belavezhskaya Pushcha headquarters at Kamieniuki, Belarus has a laboratory and a zoo.  The zoo has wisent, konik (a semi-wild horse), wild boar, moose, and other animals. There is also a small museum, restaurant, snack bar and hotel. Because of the lack of facilities and having few tourists in the country, few foreign tourists visit the Belarusian Pushcha each year.

## Polish section 
On the Polish side, part of the Białowieża Forest is protected as the Białowieża National Park (Białowieski Park Narodowy).  It has a general area of about . There is also the Białowieża Glade (Polana Białowieska).  This has several buildings first owned by the tsars of Russia.  The tsars were the last private owners of the forest (from 1888 to 1917) when the whole forest was in the Russian Empire. A hotel, restaurant and parking areas are there. Guided tours into the strictly controlled areas of the park can be arranged on foot or by horse-drawn carriage. About 200,000 tourists visit the Polish part of the forest each year. Activities are: bird watching with local ornithologist, watching bisons in their natural environment,

## Logging 
Polish environmentalists say that logging is threatening the flora and fauna in the forest, including species of rare birds. Poland's state forestry board is saying that it is being done for protection and for ecological reasons.

## References 
## Other websites
List of World Heritage Sites in North Macedonia

This is a **list of World Heritage Sites in North Macedonia**.

## Properties on the World Heritage List
There is currently one property in North Macedonia on the World Heritage List.

## References
30 Rock

***30 Rock*** is an American television sitcom created by Tina Fey for NBC. It began on October 11, 2006 and ended on January 31, 2013. It was set in a television studio in Manhattan, New York City. It starred Fey, Alec Baldwin, Tracy Morgan, Jane Krakowski, Jack McBrayer, Scott Adsit, Judah Friedlander, Katrina Bowden, Keith Powell, John Lutz, Kevin Brown, Grizz Chapman and Maulik Pancholy.

Fey played the protagonist Liz Lemon, the writer of TGS with Tracy Jordan. Morgan played the star of TGS with Tracy Jordan. Krakowski played Jenna Maroney, Liz's assistant and Tracy's co-star. McBrayer plays Kenneth Parcell, an NBC page.

## Other websites
*
Uakari

**Uakari** is the common name for the New World monkeys of the genus ***Cacajao***. Both the English and scientific names probably came from indigenous languages. They live in South American rainforests. When excited or upset, their red faces become even redder.

## References
List of World Heritage Sites in Northern Europe

The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) has listed 35 World Heritage Sites in eight countries commonly called Northern Europe.  These countries are Iceland, Norway, Sweden, Finland, Denmark, Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania. 

Greenland is not included in this list even though it is linked with Denmark.  It is included in the List of World Heritage Sites in the Americas. The United Kingdom and Ireland are included in Western Europe even though they are sometimes listed in Northern Europe.

## Legend
:**Site**; named after the World Heritage Committee's official designation
:**Location**; at city, regional, or provincial level and geocoordinates
:**Criteria**; as defined by the World Heritage Committee
:**Area**; in hectares and acres. If available, the size of the buffer zone has been noted as well. A value of zero implies that no data has been published by UNESCO
:**Year**; during which the site was added to the World Heritage List
:**Description**; brief information about the site, including reasons for qualifying as an endangered site, if applicable

## Sites
## Notes
## References
List of World Heritage Sites in Spain

The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) World Heritage Sites are places of importance to cultural or natural heritage. 

As of 2010, Spain has 42 total sites on the list.  This is second only to Italy.

The Pyrénées – Mont Perdu World Heritage Site is shared with France.  The Prehistoric Rock-Art Sites in the Côa Valley and Siega Verde site is shared with Portugal. 

## List of sites
The table lists information about each World Heritage Site:
:**Name**: as listed by the World Heritage Committee
:**Location**: city or province of site
:**Community**: one of the 17 autonomous communities of Spain
:**Period**: time period of significance, typically of construction
:**UNESCO data**: the site's reference number; the year the site was added on the World Heritage List; the criteria it was listed under: criteria *i* through *vi* are cultural, while *vii* through *x* are natural; *(the column sorts by year added to the list)*
:**Description**: brief description of the site

### Sites by autonomous community
This is the list of Heritage sites by autonomous community.

## References
Bad Honnef

**Bad Honnef** is a city in the German state of Nordrhein-Westfalen. About 25,000 people live there.

## References
Lego Harry Potter

**Lego Harry Potter** is a LEGO series. It was based on the *Harry Potter* movies. Models of important scenes, vehicles and people were made for the first five movies. It was created in the year 2001. This was the same time the first Harry Potter movie, ''Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone*, was released.

In May 2009, LEGO said that a video game called *LEGO Harry Potter: Years 1-4'' is being developed. They also said it would be released in 2010.

## References
The Dead (1987)

***The Dead*** is an 1987 drama movie directed by John Huston. It is based on a book by James Joyce. Anjelica Huston plays the lead role.

## Other websites 
*The Dead (1987) at allmovie
The Dead (2010 movie)

***The Dead*** is an 2010 British horror movie directed by Jon Ford and Howard J. Ford. It is rated R for restricted.

## Other websites 
*The Dead (2010) at allmovie
Jean-Michel Vernhes

**Jean-Michel Vernhes** (born in 1950 at Mazamet) is a French aerospace engineer and businessman. He is the current President of French Airports (*Union des aéroports français*) and of Toulouse-Blagnac Airport.

Graduate from the French Civil Aviation University (1971), Jean-Michel Vernhes starts his career in 1975 at the air traffic control center of Bordeaux. He has done a career of 20 years in air navigation. He is nominated President of Toulouse-Blagnac Airport in 1999.

The 18th of May 2011, in addition, he become President of the French Airports (*Union des aéroports français*).

## Award 
* Officier of the Légion d'honneur.

## Bibliography 
* Académie nationale de l'air et de l'espace and Lucien Robineau, *Les français du ciel, dictionnaire historique*, Le Cherche midi, June 2005, 782 p. ()

## References
VooV Festival

music festivals]]
**VooV** (formerly known as **VuuV Experience**) is an annual music festival with about 10,000 to 20,000 visitors.

It was launched in the year 1992. It is one of the oldest rave parties in Germany. From a small party with about 100 people it is now one of the biggest rave parties in Europe. After several moves, was VuuV's place since 2001 in Putlitz. In 2007 they moved back to Antaro which was the place they made the greatest feasts.

## Sources 
* Official website
FileZilla

**FileZilla** is a free Open Source FTP program. The program is designed for Windows, Linux and Mac OS X. FileZilla was the project of the month on SourceForge for November, 2003.

## History
Initially, FileZilla was created as a computer science class project in the second week of January 2001 by Tim Kosse and his two other classmates.

## Other websites
* FileZilla Website

## References
Struve Geodetic Arc

The **Struve Geodetic Arc** is a chain of survey triangulations that go from Hammerfest in Norway to the Black Sea.  They go through ten countries and over .  It made the first accurate measurement of a meridian arc.

The chain was made and used by the German-born Russian scientist Friedrich Georg Wilhelm von Struve in the years 1816 to 1855.  He did this to find the exact size and shape of the earth. At that time, the chain passed through two countries: Union of Sweden-Norway and the Russian Empire. The Arc's first point is in Tartu Observatory.  This is where Struve did much of his research.

In 2005, the chain was added on the World Heritage List. There are 34 plaques or obelisks out of the original 265.

## Chain
### Norway
*Fuglenes in Hammerfest
*Raipas in Alta
*Luvdiidcohkka in Kautokeino
*Baelljasvarri in Kautokeino

### Sweden
*"Pajtas-vaara" (Tynnyrilaki) in Kiruna
*"Kerrojupukka" (Jupukka) in Pajala
*Pullinki in Övertorneå
*"Perra-vaara" (Perävaara) in Haparanda

### Finland
*Stuor-Oivi (currently Stuorrahanoaivi) in Enontekiö ()
*Avasaksa (currently Aavasaksa) in Ylitornio ()
*Torneå (currently Alatornion kirkko) in Tornio ()
*Puolakka (currently Oravivuori) in Korpilahti ()
*Porlom II (currently Tornikallio) in Lapinjärvi ()
*Svartvira (currently Mustaviiri) in Pyhtää ()

### Russia
*"Mäki-päälys" (Mäkipäällys (Finland 1917/1920-1940) in Hogland (Suursaari)
*"Hogland, Z" (Gogland, Tochka Z) in Hogland ()

### Estonia
*"Woibifer" (Võivere) in Väike-Maarja Parish ()
*"Katko" (Simuna) in Väike-Maarja Parish ()
*"Dorpat" (Tartu Observatory) in Tartu. ()

### Latvia
*"Sestu-Kalns" (Ziestu) in Ērgļu novads ()
*"Jacobstadt" in Jēkabpils ()

### Lithuania
*"Karischki" (Gireišiai) in Panemunėlis ()
*"Meschkanzi" (Meškonys) in Nemenčinė ()
*"Beresnäki" (Paliepiukai) in Nemėžis ()

### Belarus
*"Tupischki" (Tupishki) in Oshmyany district ()
*"Lopati" (Lopaty) in Zelva district ()
*"Ossownitza" (Ossovnitsa) in Ivanovo district ()
*"Tchekutsk" (Chekutsk) in Ivanovo district ()
*"Leskowitschi" (Leskovichi) in Ivanovo district ()

### Moldova
*"Rudi" near Rudi village, Soroca district ()

### Ukraine
*Katerinowka in Antonivka, Khmelnytsky Oblast ( )
*Felschtin in Hvardiiske, Khmelnytsky Oblast ( )
*Baranowka in Baranivka, Khmelnytsky Oblast ( )
*Staro-Nekrassowka (Stara Nekrasivka) in Nekrasivka, Odesa Oblast ( )

## Other websites
Siemens

**Siemens AG** () is a company which has its headquarters in Berlin and Munich, Germany. It is the largest electronics company in Europe.

Siemens is a technology company with activities in industry, energy and healthcare. It is organised into six main parts: Industry, Energy, Healthcare, Equity Investments, Siemens IT Solutions, and Services and Siemens Financial Services (SFS).

## References 
## Other websites 
*
Tomislav Nikolić

**Tomislav Nikolić** (born 15 February 1952) is a Serbian politician, a founder and former leader of Serbian Progressive Party. He served as President of Serbia from 2012 to 2017.

In May 2007, he served briefly as the President of the National Assembly of Serbia. In 2008, he founded the Serbian Progressive Party (Српска напредна странка, *SNS*), the biggest political party in Serbia.

## References
Chinese Revolution

"Chinese Revolution" may mean one of many wars since year 1900.

* Xinhai Revolution- This was the 1911 war which changed the government of China from the Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China. 
*Chinese Civil War- These were some wars between the Communist Party of China and the Kuomintang that happened in the years between 1927 and 1950.
Headhunterz

**Headhunterz** (formerly known as *Nasty D-Tuner*) is Willem Rebergen, a Dutch hardstyle DJ and music producer.

He gained his first major experience as a DJ at Defqon.1, a large hardstyle event in the Netherlands, where he was discovered by The Prophet.

## References 
*Official website
*Headhunterz at Discogs.com
*About Headhunterz
*About Headhunterz on last.fm
The First Wives Club

***The First Wives Club*** is a 1996 American comedy movie based on the novel of the same name by Olivia Goldsmith. It was directed by Hugh Wilson and produced by Scott Rudin. It was written by Robert Harling and Paul Rudnick. It is narrated by Diane Keaton and stars her, Goldie Hawn and Bette Midler. The movie is about three middle-aged divorced women who take revenge on their ex-husbands, who left them for young women.

## Other websites 
*
Strait of Malacca

The **Strait of Malacca** is a marine strait. It links the Andaman Sea and the Java Sea, and separates Malaya and Sumatra. It is about 800&nbsp;km long. Most parts are between  and  wide. At its narrowest point, it is only  wide. At its shallowest point it is about  deep. The strait has been historically important, linking India to Southeast Asia and China, and has been an important hub for religion, primarily Christianity, Hinduism, and Islam.

## References
Marc Drillech

**Marc Drillech** is a French sociologist and President of universities. He was Vice-President of IONIS Education Group, the first group in France for private higher education.

Drillech graduated from Lille University of Science and Technology with a Bachelor's degree in sociology. He also graduated from ''Institut d'études politiques de Paris'' with a Master's degree. He has a career in marketing.
In 2005, he moved to higher education by joining IONIS Education Group as Vice-President. He retired in July 2023, replaced by Charline Avenel.

## Bibliography 
* 
* 
* Marc Drillech, *Le Boycott. Histoire. Actualités. Perspectives*, 2011, 

## References
Internet Relay Chat takeover

A **takeover** in Internet Relay Chat is when someone who is not meant to be in  of a channel takes control.  Several ways this can happen is by taking advantage of a net split, an event that occurs when one server disconnects from another, or by tricking an IRC bot into promoting the user to operator status.  Once the user has operator status, they kick the other operators out or remove their operator status.
John Hughes

**John Hughes** may refer to:

*John Hughes (filmmaker) (1950-2009), American filmmaker
*John Hughes (footballer born 1964), Scottish footballer turned football manager 
*John Hughes (businessman), a Welsh businessman, founder of the city of Donetsk.
Lists of World Heritage Sites in Asia

For lists of World Heritage Sites in Asia, see:
*List of World Heritage Sites in Northern and Central Asia 
***List of World Heritage Sites in Kazakhstan*
***List of World Heritage Sites in Tajikistan*
*List of World Heritage Sites in Western Asia 
***List of World Heritage Sites in Armenia*
***List of World Heritage Sites in Iran*
***List of World Heritage Sites in Iraq*
***List of World Heritage Sites in Israel*
***List of World Heritage Sites in Saudi Arabia*
***List of World Heritage Sites in Syria*
***List of World Heritage Sites in Turkey*
***List of World Heritage Sites in United Arab Emirates*
*List of World Heritage Sites in Eastern Asia 
***List of World Heritage Sites in China*
***List of World Heritage Sites in Japan*
***List of World Heritage Sites in Mongolia*
***List of World Heritage Sites in North Korea*
***List of World Heritage Sites in South Korea*
*List of World Heritage Sites in Southern Asia 
***List of World Heritage Sites in Afghanistan*
***List of World Heritage Sites in Bangladesh*
***List of World Heritage Sites in India*
***List of World Heritage Sites in Nepal*
***List of World Heritage Sites in Pakistan*
***List of World Heritage Sites in Sri Lanka*
*List of World Heritage Sites in Southeast Asia 
***List of World Heritage Sites in Cambodia*
***List of World Heritage Sites in Indonesia*
***List of World Heritage Sites in Malaysia*
***List of World Heritage Sites in the Philippines*
***List of World Heritage Sites in Thailand*
***List of World Heritage Sites in Viet Nam*
Shuchō

, also romanized as **Suchō** or **Akamitori**, was a  which  only a few monthsfrom June through September 686.   The reigning monarchs were  and .

## History
* In 686,  was created by Emperor Temmu, but the nengō survived for only a few months after Temmu's death.  The era ended when Empress Jitō was  as Temmu's successor.

### Timeline
The system of Japanese era names was not the same as Imperial reign dates.

## Events of the *Shuchō* era
* **686** (*Shuchō 1, 9th day of the 9th month*): Emperor Temmu died.
* **686** (*Shuchō 1*): Ōtsu no Ōji, also known as Ōtsu *no shinnō*, tried and failed to make himself emperor after Temmu's death.
* **686**:  The succession (*senso*) was received by Mommu's widow.  Soon after, Empress Jitō's role as monarch was  in ceremonies (*sokui*).
## Related pages
* Asuka period

## References
## Other websites
* National Diet Library, "The Japanese Calendar" -- historical overview plus illustrative images from library's collection
John Hughes (filmmaker)

**John Wilden Hughes, Jr.** (February 18, 1950 – August 6, 2009) was an American filmmaker. He was born in Lansing, Michigan. He grew up in Grosse Pointe, Michigan and Northbrook, a suburb of Chicago, Illinois. He died of a heart attack in Manhattan, New York City.

Hughes' movies include: ''National Lampoon's Vacation*, *Sixteen Candles*, *The Breakfast Club*, *National Lampoon's European Vacation*, *Weird Science*, *Pretty in Pink*, *Ferris Bueller's Day Off*, *Some Kind of Wonderful*, *Planes, Trains and Automobiles*, *She's Having a Baby*, *The Great Outdoors*, *Uncle Buck*, *National Lampoon's Christmas Vacation*, *Home Alone*, *Career Opportunities*, *Only the Lonely*, *Curly Sue*, *Beethoven*, *Home Alone 2: Lost in New York*, *Dennis the Menace*, *Baby's Day Out*, *Miracle of 34th Street*, Lovers in Las Vegas, *101 Dalmatians*, *Flubber*, *Home Alone 3*, *Just Visiting*, *Maid in Manhattan* and *Drillbit Taylor''.

## References 
## Other websites 
*