June 27

## Events 
### Up to 1900 
*678 &ndash; Pope Agatho is elected.
*1358 &ndash; The Republic of Dubrovnik is founded.
*1497 &ndash; Cornish rebels Michael An Gof and Thomas Flamank are executed at Tyburn, London, England.
*1556 &ndash; The thirteen Stratford martyrs are burned at the stake near London for their Protestant beliefs.
*1709 &ndash; Peter the Great defeats Charles XII of Sweden at the Battle of Poltava.
*1715 &ndash; In a war with Venice, 40,000 Ottoman soldiers land in the Peloponnese, present-day Greece.
*1743 &ndash; War of the Austrian Succession: Battle of Dettingen – on the battlefield in Bavaria, King George II of Great Britain leads his troops into battle. It is the last time that a British monarch would command troops  on the field.
*1759 &ndash; General James Wolfe starts siege of Quebec.
*1760 &ndash; Cherokee warriors defeat British forces at the Battle of Echoee near present-day Otto, North Carolina during the Anglo-Cherokee War.
*1806 &ndash; The British capture Buenos Aires.
*1844 &ndash; Joseph Smith, Jr and his brother Hyrum murdered in Carthage Jail, Carthage, Illinois.
*1864 &ndash; Battle of Kennesaw Mountain in the American Civil War.
*1867 &ndash; The Bank of California opens its doors
*1893 &ndash; Crash of the New York Stock Exchange.
*1898 &ndash; First solo circumnavigation of the globe completed by Joshua Slocum from Briar Island Nova Scotia.
*1899 &ndash; A. E. J. Collins scores 628 not-out, a record score in cricket.

### 1901 &ndash; 2000 
*1905 &ndash; Mutiny on the battleship *Potemkin*.
*1927 &ndash; Prime Minister of Japan Tanaka Giichi leads a conference to discuss Japan's plans for China.
*1941 &ndash; Romanian government forces, supporting Nazi Germany, launch a violent pogrom against the Jewish population of the city of Iasi, Romania; 13,266 are subsequently murdered.
*1945 &ndash; Under Secretary of the Navy Ralph Bard sends memo to Secretary of War Henry L. Stimson urging that the United States give "preliminary warning" to Japan before using the atomic bomb on a Japanese target.
*1946 &ndash; The Parliament of Canada establishes the definition (meaning) of Canadian citizenship.
*1950 &ndash; The United States decides to send troops to fight in the Korean War.
*1953 &ndash; Joseph Laniel becomes Prime Minister of France.
*1954 &ndash; World's first nuclear power station opens in Obninsk, near Moscow.
*1954 &ndash; Guatemalan President Jacobo Arbenz is removed from power with US assistance.
*1957 &ndash; Hurricane Audrey kills 500 people in Louisiana and Texas.
*1963 &ndash; John F. Kennedy visits his ancestral home in County Wexford, Republic of Ireland.
*1966 &ndash; The military seizes power in Argentina.
*1967 &ndash; World's first ATM installed in Enfield, London.
*1972 &ndash; ATARI is established by Nolan Bushnell.
*1973 &ndash; President of Uruguay Juan Maria Bordaberry dissolves parliament and establishes a dictatorship.
*1974 &ndash; US President Richard Nixon visits the U.S.S.R.
*1976 &ndash; Air France Flight 139 is captured by Palestinian militants and diverted to Entebbe Airport in Uganda.
*1977 &ndash; France grants independence to Djibouti.
*1977 &ndash; Joseph Ratzinger (later Pope Benedict XVI) becomes a cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church.
*1979 &ndash; Muhammad Ali announces his retirement from boxing.
*1980 &ndash; A commercial DC-9 (Itavia Flight 870) is apparently shot down.
*1982 &ndash; Space Shuttle Columbia is launched from the Kennedy Space Center on the final research and development flight mission, STS-4.
*1984 &ndash; Pierre Elliott Trudeau wins the Albert Einstein Peace Prize.
*1984 &ndash; UEFA Euro 1984: France defeats Spain 2-0 to win the tournament.
*1985 &ndash; Route 66 ceases to be an official highway.
*1986 &ndash; International Court of Justice finds against the United States in its judgement in the Nicaragua v. United States.
*1988 &ndash; In Atlantic City, New Jersey, Mike Tyson becomes Boxing Heavyweight Champion of the World, defeating Michael Spinks.
*1991 &ndash; Slovenia, which declared independent two days previously, is invaded by Yugoslavia troops, tanks, and aircraft.
*1995 &ndash; Jodi Huisentruit, an anchorwoman in Mason City, Iowa disappears, presumably abducted.
*1998 &ndash; 130 people are killed in an earthquake in southwestern Turkey.

### From 2001 
*2001 &ndash; International Court of Justice finds against the United States in its judgement in the LaGrand Case.
*2006 &ndash; 2006 FIFA World Cup: Brazil's Ronaldo becomes the highest goalscorer in FIFA World Cup history, with 15 goals.
*2007 &ndash; Gordon Brown becomes Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, succeeding Tony Blair.
*2008 &ndash; In a highly scrutinised election, Zimbabwe's President Robert Mugabe claims a landslide victory, after opposition leader Morgan Tsvangirai had withdrawn, citing violence against MDC supporters.
*2010 &ndash; Iceland legalizes same-sex marriage.
*2010 &ndash; 2010 FIFA World Cup: Two controversial decisions in Second Round matches prompt discussions about technology in football. Frank Lampard's goal for England against Germany is not given despite crossing the line, and an offside goal by Argentina's Carlos Tévez against Mexico is given.
*2013 &ndash; Kevin Rudd becomes Prime Minister of Australia for a second time, replacing Julia Gillard.
*2013 &ndash; NASA launches the Interface Region Imaging Spectograph, a space probe to observe the Sun.
*2014 &ndash; Jean-Claude Juncker is chosen to become President of the European Commission.
*2016 &ndash; UEFA Euro 2016: Iceland defeats England 2–1 in a surprise result in the second round of the tournament.
*2017 &ndash; Scotland's First Minister Nicola Sturgeon delays a plan for a second independence referendum.
*2017 &ndash; A vote in the German Bundestag on same-sex marriage is set for June 30 after Chancellor Angela Merkel changes her official position on the issue.
*2017 &ndash; Armin Laschet takes over from Hannelore Kraft as Prime Minister of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany's most-populous state.
*2017 &ndash; A second Ransomware cyber attack in just over six weeks affects the world's computers, with Russia, Poland and Ukraine among the most-affected countries. 
*2018 &ndash; 2018 FIFA World Cup: Germany is knocked out of the FIFA World Cup at the first stage for the first time in 80 years, after a 2–0 defeat to South Korea; it is the fourth time in five FIFA World Cups that the previous champion goes out at the group stage.
*2018 &ndash; United States Supreme Court Justice Anthony Kennedy announces his retirement.

## Births 
### Up to 1900 
*1040 &ndash; King Ladislaus I of Hungary (d. 1095)
*1350 &ndash; Manuel II Palaiologus, Eastern Roman Emperor (d. 1425)
*1462 &ndash; King Louis XII of France (d. 1515)
*1550 &ndash; King Charles IX of France (d. 1574)
*1682 &ndash; King Charles XII of Sweden (d. 1718) (June 17 in Swedish calendar)
*1717 &ndash; Louis Guillaume Le Monnier, French botanist (d. 1799)
*1740 &ndash; John Latham, English physician, naturalist and author (d. 1837)
*1805 &ndash; Napoléon Coste, French composer and guitarist (d. 1883)
*1806 &ndash; Augustus De Morgan, English mathematician (d. 1871)
*1821 &ndash; August Conradi, German organist and composer (d. 1873)
*1821 &ndash; Samuel Washington Woodhouse, American surgeon, explorer and naturalist (d. 1904)
*1828 &ndash; Bryan O'Loghlen, Irish-Australian politician, 13th Premier of Victoria (d. 1905)
*1838 &ndash; Paul Mauser, German weapon designer (d. 1914)
*1838 &ndash; Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay, Indian journalist, author and poet (d. 1894)
*1838 &ndash; Eugenia Washington, American historian (d. 1900)
*1839 &ndash; George Mary Searle, American astronomer and clergyman (d. 1918)
*1840 &ndash; Ingram Bywater, British classical philologist (d. 1914)
*1846 &ndash; Charles Stewart Parnell, Irish nationalist political leader (d. 1891)
*1850 &ndash; Lafcadio Hearn, writer (d. 1904)
*1869 &ndash; Hans Spemann, German doctor and zoologist, won the 1935 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1941)
*1869 &ndash; Emma Goldman, Lithuanian-American anarchist, feminist, free love advocate (d. 1940)
*1870 &ndash; Frank Rattray Lillie, zoologist, embryologist (d. 1947)
*1880 &ndash; Helen Keller, American writer and spokeswoman for the deaf and blind (d. 1968)
*1882 &ndash; Eduard Spranger, philosopher, psychologist and educator (d. 1963)
*1884 &ndash; Gaston Bachelard, French philosopher and poet (d. 1962)
*1885 &ndash; Guilhermina Suggia, Portuguese cellist (d. 1950)
*1885 &ndash; Pierre Montet, French Egyptologist (d. 1966)
*1888 &ndash; Antoinette Perry, American actress and director (d. 1946)
*1890 &ndash; Roberto Urdaneta, 44th President of Colombia (d. 1972)
*1891 &ndash; Vladimir Petlyakov, Russian aircraft designer (d. 1942)
*1892 &ndash; Paul Colin, French illustrator (d. 1985)
*1893 &ndash; Ivan Belov, Soviet military (d. 1938)
*1899 &ndash; Juan Trippe, American airline entrepreneur (d. 1981)

### 1901 &ndash; 1950 
*1904 &ndash; Alberta Vaughn, American actress (d. 1992)
*1905 &ndash; Armand Mondou, French Canadian ice hockey player (d. 1976)
*1906 &ndash; Catherine Cookson, British writer (d. 1998)
*1906 &ndash; Vernon Watkins, Welsh-American poet (d. 1967)
*1907 &ndash; John McIntire, American actor (d. 1991)
*1908 &ndash; Joao Guimaraes Rosa, Brazilian writer (d. 1967)
*1909 &ndash; Billy Curtis, American actor (d. 1988)
*1910 &ndash; Pierre Joubert, French artist (d. 2002)
*1913 &ndash; Willie Mosconi, professional billiards player (d. 1993)
*1914 &ndash; Robert Aickman, English writer (d. 1981)
*1914 &ndash; Giorgio Almirante, Italian journalist and politician (d. 1988)
*1915 &ndash; Grace Lee Boggs, American writer, activist and feminist (d. 2015)
*1918 &ndash; Adolph Kiefer, American swimmer (d. 2017)
*1921 &ndash; Muriel Pavlow, English actress
*1925 &ndash; Michael Dummett, English philosopher (d. 2011)
*1925 &ndash; Jerome Felder, AKA Doc Pomus, American musician, composer (d. 1991)
*1927 &ndash; Otto Herbert Hajek, German sculptor (d. 2005)
*1928 &ndash; Rudy Perpich, American politician (d. 1995)
*1930 &ndash; Ross Perot, American billionaire and politician (d. 2019)
*1930 &ndash; Tommy Kono, American weightlifter (d. 2016)
*1931 &ndash; Martinus J. G. Veltman, Dutch physicist
*1931 &ndash; Magali Noel, French actress and singer (d. 2015)
*1932 &ndash; Anna Moffo, American soprano (d. 2006)
*1934 &ndash; Alberto Bevilacqua, Italian writer, poet and journalist (d. 2013)
*1935 &ndash; Laurent Terzieff, French actor (d. 2010)
*1938 &ndash; Bruce Babbitt, American politician
*1938 &ndash; Yevgeniy Ivchenko, Soviet race walker
*1940 &ndash; Ian Lang, Baron Lang of Monkton, Scottish politician
*1941 &ndash; Krzysztof Kieslowski, Polish movie director (d. 1996)
*1942 &ndash; Bruce Johnston, American musician (The Beach Boys)
*1942 &ndash; Danny Schechter, American television producer, moviemaker, blogger and media critic (d. 2015)
*1949 &ndash; Rafael Chirbes, Spanish writer (d. 2015)
*1949 &ndash; Vera Wang, American fashion designer

### 1951 &ndash; 1975 
*1951 &ndash; Mary McAleese, former President of Ireland
*1951 &ndash; Julia Duffy, American actress
*1951 &ndash; Ulf Andersson, Swedish chess player
*1952 &ndash; Madan Kumar Bhandari, Nepalese politician (d. 1993)
*1952 &ndash; Mary Rosenblum, American author (d. 2018)
*1955 &ndash; Isabelle Adjani, French actress
*1956 &ndash; Sultan bin Salman Al Saud, Saudi Arabian prince and astronaut
*1957 &ndash; Gabriella Dorio, Italian middle-distance runner
*1958 &ndash; Lisa Germano, American musician
*1958 &ndash; Magnus Lindberg, Finnish pianist and composer
*1959 &ndash; Clint Boon, musician best known for playing keyboards in the band Inspiral Carpets
*1960 &ndash; David Cholmondeley, British aristocrat
*1960 &ndash; Craig Hodges, American basketball player
*1961 &ndash; Tim Whitnall, British voice actor
*1961 &ndash; Meera Syal, British actress, comedienne and writer
*1962 &ndash; Tony Leung Chiu Wai, Hong Kong actor
*1962 &ndash; Michael Ball, British singer and actor
*1962 &ndash; Carrie Gracie, British journalist and news presenter, former BBC News China editor
*1962 &ndash; Sunanda Pushkar, Indian-Canadian businesswoman (d. 2014)
*1962 &ndash; Ollanta Humala, 94th President of Peru
*1963 &ndash; Wendy Alexander, Scottish politician
*1963 &ndash; Jay Karnes, American actor
*1964 &ndash; Stephan Brenninkmeijer, Dutch director, producer and screenwriter
*1964 &ndash; Chuck Person, American basketball player and coach
*1964 &ndash; Taimak, American martial arts actor and stuntman
*1965 &ndash; Simon Sebag Montefiore, English journalist, historian and author
*1965 &ndash; Ange Postecoglou, Australian footballer and coach
*1966 &ndash; J. J. Abrams, American television writer and producer
*1966 &ndash; Aigars Kalvitis, former Prime Minister of Latvia
*1969 &ndash; Alessandro Esseno, Italian composer and pianist
*1969 &ndash; Viktor Petrenko, Ukrainian figure skater
*1970 &ndash; John Eales, Australian rugby player
*1970 &ndash; Jim Edmonds, American baseball player
*1970 &ndash; Vitamin C, pop singer
*1971 &ndash; Jo Frost, English nanny and television personality
*1971 &ndash; Dipendra of Nepal (d. 2001)
*1971 &ndash; Régine Cavagnoud, French skier (d. 2001)
*1972 &ndash; Dmytro Tymchuk, Ukrainian politician, military expert and blogger (d. 2019)
*1974 &ndash; Christian Kane, American actor and singer
*1974 &ndash; Christopher O'Neill, British-American businessman and husband of Princess Madeleine of Sweden
*1975 &ndash; Tobey Maguire, American actor

### From 1976 
*1976 &ndash; Nekima Levy-Pounds, American lawyer, professor, activist and writer
*1977 &ndash; Raúl, Spanish footballer
*1977 &ndash; Arkadiusz Radomski, Polish footballer
*1978 &ndash; Anna Kumble, British singer
*1978 &ndash; Courtney Ford, American actress
*1978 &ndash; Marc Terenzi, American singer
*1979 &ndash; Fabrizio Miccoli, Italian footballer
*1980 &ndash; Kevin Pietersen, South African-born English cricketer
*1980 &ndash; Takahiro Futagawa, Japanese footballer
*1981 &ndash; Andrew Embley, Australian footballer
*1981 &ndash; Cléber Santana, Brazilian footballer (d. 2016)
*1983 &ndash; Alsou, Russian singer
*1984 &ndash; José Holebas, German-born Greek footballer
*1984 &ndash; Gökhan Inler, Swiss footballer
*1984 &ndash; Khloe Kardashian, American reality television personality
*1985 &ndash; Svetlana Kuznetsova, Russian tennis player
*1985 &ndash; James Hook, Welsh rugby player
*1985 &ndash; Nico Rosberg, Finnish-German racing driver
*1986 &ndash; LaShawn Merritt, American sprinter
*1986 &ndash; Sam Claflin, English actor
*1987 &ndash; Ed Westwick, English actor
*1988 &ndash; Célia Sasic, German footballer
*1988 &ndash; Matthew Spiranovic, Australian footballer
*1988 &ndash; Alanna Masterton, American actress
*1989 &ndash; Matthew Lewis, English actor
*1990 &ndash; Taylor Phinney, American cyclist
*1991 &ndash; Madylin Sweeten, American actress
*1992 &ndash; Sohee, South Korean singer, dancer and actress
*1999 &ndash; Chandler Riggs, American actor

## Deaths 
### Up to 1900 
*363 &ndash; Emperor Julian (b. 313)
*1149 &ndash; Raymond of Poitiers, Prince of Antioch (b. 1099)
*1458 &ndash; Alfonso V of Aragon (b. 1396)
*1462 &ndash; Eudes II, Duke of Burgundy (b. 1118)
*1497 &ndash; Michael An Gof, Cornish rebel
*1497 &ndash; Thomas Flamank, Cornish rebel
*1574 &ndash; Giorgio Vasari, Italian artist (b. 1511)
*1648 &ndash; Arngrimur Jonsson, Icelandic academic (b. 1568)
*1655 &ndash; Eleonore Gonzaga, wife of Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor (b. 1598)
*1794 &ndash; Wenzel Anton Graf Kaunitz, Austrian statesman (b. 1711)
*1794 &ndash; Philippe de Noailles, duc de Mouchy, French nobleman (b. 1715)
*1794 &ndash; Anne d'Arpajon, comtesse de Noailles, French noblewoman (b. 1729)
*1823 &ndash; Pierre Antoine Delalande, French explorer and naturalist (b. 1787)
*1829 &ndash; James Smithson, founder of the Smithsonian Institute
*1831 &ndash; Sophie Germain, French mathematician (b. 1776)
*1839 &ndash; Ranjit Singh, founder of the Sikh Empire (b. 1780)
*1844 &ndash; Hyrum Smith, American religious leader (b. 1800)
*1844 &ndash; Joseph Smith, Jr., founder of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (b. 1805)
*1852 &ndash; Lemuel H. Arnold, American politician, Governor of Rhode Island (b. 1792)
*1878 &ndash; Sarah Helen Whitman, American poet (b. 1803)

### 1901 &ndash; 2000 
*1907 &ndash; Elizabeth Cabot Agassiz, American educator (b. 1822)
*1916 &ndash; Stefan Luchian, Romanian painter (b. 1868)
*1917 &ndash; Karl Allmenroder, German World War I ace (b. 1896)
*1934 &ndash; Francesco Buhagiar, 2nd Prime Minister of Malta (b. 1876)
*1935 &ndash; Eugene Augustin Lauste, French inventor (b. 1857)
*1944 &ndash; Milan Hodza, Slovakian politician (b. 1878)
*1946 &ndash; Juan Antonio Ríos, President of Chile (b. 1888)
*1952 &ndash; Elmo Lincoln, actor (b. 1889)
*1957 &ndash; Hermann Buhl, Austrian mountaineer (b. 1924)
*1957 &ndash; Malcolm Lowry, novelist (b. 1909)
*1959 &ndash; Giovanni Pastrone, Italian filmmaker (b. 1883)
*1960 &ndash; Lottie Dod, English athlete (b. 1871)
*1961 &ndash; Hélène Dutrieu, French pilot (b. 1877)
*1970 &ndash; Daniel Kinsey, American hurdler (b. 1902)
*1986 &ndash; George Nepia, New Zealand rugby player (b. 1905)
*1989 &ndash; Alfred Jules Ayer, British philosopher (b. 1910)
*1991 &ndash; Molly Geertsema, Dutch politician (b. 1918)
*1996 &ndash; Albert R. Broccoli, American movie producer (b. 1909)
*1998 &ndash; Kerim Tekin, Turkish singer
*1999 &ndash; Georgios Papadopoulos, Greek military leader (b. 1919)
*2000 &ndash; Pierre Pflimlin, French politician, Prime Minister of France (b. 1907)

### From 2001 
*2001 &ndash; Jack Lemmon, American actor and movie director (b. 1925)
*2001 &ndash; Tove Jansson, Finnish writer of the Moomin books (b. 1914)
*2002 &ndash; John Entwistle, English musician, bass player for The Who (b. 1944)
*2003 &ndash; David Newman, American director, producer and screenwriter (b. 1937)
*2004 &ndash; Darrell Russell, NHRA drag racer (b. 1968)
*2004 &ndash; Fred Ramdat Misier, President of Suriname (b. 1926)
*2005 &ndash; Shelby Foote, American historian and author (b. 1917)
*2007 &ndash; Patrick Allotey, Ghanaian footballer (b. 1979)
*2011 &ndash; Elaine Stewart, American actress (b. 1930)
*2013 &ndash; Alain Mimoun, French runner (b. 1921)
*2013 &ndash; Stefano Borgonovo, Italian footballer (b. 1964)
*2014 &ndash; Leslie Manigat, 43rd President of Haiti (b. 1930)
*2014 &ndash; Bobby Womack, American musician (b. 1944)
*2014 &ndash; Rachid Solh, Prime Minister of Lebanon (b. 1926)
*2014 &ndash; Rex Whitehead, Australian cricket umpire (b. 1948)
*2014 &ndash; Tymon Mabaleka, Zimbabwean footballer and music producer (b. 1950)
*2015 &ndash; Chris Squire, English bass guitarist (Yes) (b. 1948)
*2015 &ndash; Zvi Elpeleg, Polish-Israeli diplomat (b. 1926)
*2016 &ndash; Bud Spencer, Italian swimmer and actor (b. 1929)
*2016 &ndash; Simon Ramo, American engineer, business leader and author (b. 1913)
*2016 &ndash; Alvin Toffler, American writer and futurist (b. 1928)
*2016 &ndash; Elmer Cravalho, American politician (b. 1926)
*2016 &ndash; Pelle Gudmundsen-Holmgreen, Danish composer (b. 1932)
*2016 &ndash; Harry Halbreich, Belgian musicologist (b. 1931)
*2016 &ndash; Mack Rice, American songwriter and singer (b. 1933)
*2017 &ndash; Geri Allen, American jazz pianist and composer (b. 1957)
*2017 &ndash; Piotr Bikont, Polish journalist, critic and author (b. 1955)
*2017 &ndash; Michael Bond, English author (Paddington Bear) (b. 1926)
*2017 &ndash; Michael Nyqvist, Swedish actor (b. 1960)
*2017 &ndash; Suh Yun-bok, South Korean athlete (b. 1923)
*2017 &ndash; Ric Suggitt, Canadian rugby coach (b. 1958)
*2017 &ndash; Peter L. Berger, Austrian-American sociologist (b. 1929)
*2017 &ndash; Anthony Young, American baseball player (b. 1966)
*2017 &ndash; Toytown, English eventing horse (b. 1992)
*2017 &ndash; Better Talk Now, American racehorse (b. 1999)
*2018 &ndash; Harlan Ellison, American science fiction writer (b. 1934)
*2018 &ndash; Joe Jackson, American talent manager, patriarch of the Jackson family (b. 1928)
*2018 &ndash; Steve Soto, American punk guitarist (b. 1963)
*2018 &ndash; Vladimir Andreyevich Uspensky, Russian mathematician and writer (b. 1930)
*2018 &ndash; Paola Paternoster, Italian discus and javelin thrower (b. 1935)
*2018 &ndash; Steven Hilliard Stern, Canadian-American director and screenwriter (b. 1937)
*2018 &ndash; Steve Ditko, American comic book artist and writer (b. 1927)
*2019 &ndash; Gualberto Castro, Mexican singer, actor and television personality (b. 1934)
*2019 &ndash; David Golomb, Israeli politician (b. 1933)
*2019 &ndash; Justin Raimondo, American author (b. 1951)

## Observances 
* Independence Day in Djibouti
* Canadian Multiculturalism Day
* Seven Sleepers Day in Germany (According to legend, the weather on this date is supposed to be the same as in the rest of the Summer)
* National Unity Day (Tajikistan)
* Mixed Race Day (Brazil)