open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Arash Estilaf

**Arash Estilaf** (), known as **Hua Bobo** () is an Iranian actor and TV host active in China.

## Life 
His birth name is Mohammadjavad Estilaf. He was born in Tehran, Iran and moved to China when he was 17 years old. Estilaf moved to Shanghai in 2006. He started learning Chinese at East China Normal University. In 2008, he joined the first Chinese Bridge language contest for foreign students. He finished in the top 10. Estilaf became popular on Chinese TV as comedian. 

## References 
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TIM Group

**TIM** (formerly **Telecom Italia**) is an Italian telephone operator based in Rome and Milan. It offers fixed telephone services.

## References
## Other websites 
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Samsung Galaxy S4

The **Samsung Galaxy S4** is an Android phone developed made by Samsung Electronics as the fourth smartphone of the Samsung Galaxy S series and was first seen publicly on March 14, 2013, at Samsung Mobile Unpacked in New York City. It is the successor to the Galaxy S III, which maintains a similar design, but with upgraded hardware and an increased focus on software features that take advantage of its hardware functions—such as the ability to detect when a finger is over the screen, and expanded eye tracking functionality, it was released the previous year. A new version of the S4 became the first phone to support the coming LTE Advanced mobile network standard. The T-Mobile version of the Galaxy S4, was released the same month. The phone's successor, the Samsung Galaxy S5, was released the next year.
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Silvia Cartwright

**Dame Silvia Rose Cartwright**  (née **Poulter**, born 7 November 1943) is a New Zealand jurist who served as the 18th Governor-General of New Zealand, from 2001 to 2006.

## References
Anand Satyanand

**Sir Anand Satyanand**,  (born 22 July 1944) is a New Zealand lawyer, academic, judge and politician. He was the 19th Governor-General of New Zealand from 2006 to 2011. 

Satyanand was chair of the Commonwealth Foundation for two 2-year terms.

In August 2019 he was elected to be Chancellor of the University of Waikato for a 4-year term.

## References
Somerset, Massachusetts

**Somerset** is a town in Bristol County, Massachusetts, United States. The population was 18,303 at the 2020 census.

## References
Steve Howey (actor)

**Steven Michael Robert Howey** (born July 12, 1977) is an American actor. He is known for his roles as Van Montgomery on The WB/CW television series *Reba*, and Kevin Ball on the Showtime series *Shameless.*

## References
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Carl's Jr.

'''Carl's Jr. Restaurants LLC'* is an American fast food restaurant chain. CKE Restaurant Holdings (*CKE'' stands for Carl Karcher Enterprises) is the operator of this chain and its related restaurant business Hardee's. The business is operated in North America, Africa, Oceania, Europe, Asia and South America.

Carl's Jr. sells hamburgers, cheeseburgers, California-style burgers, cheesesteak-style burgers, pastrami sandwich burgers, guacamole burgers, French fries, chicken sandwiches/strips,  and breakfast food materials (until 10:30 a.m. each day). Breakfast items include breakfast burritos, orange juice, frosted cinnamon rolls, hash browns, milk, eggs and biscuits. The most popular items on Carls's Jr menu is the Big Carl and The Famous Star.

The business chain was started in Los Angeles in the early 1940s by Margaret Karcher and her husband Carl.

In 1988, Carl Karcher and several others related to him—one of them was chain president Donald F. Karcher—were accused by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission of insider trading. However, the only charge was e against the head accountant. In summer the following year, they settled their case by paying a fine.

## References
Tiramisu

**Tiramisu** ( , from , "pick me up" or "cheer me up") is a coffee-flavored Italian dessert.

## References
## Other websites
Lester Eriksson

**Erik Lester Eriksson** (16 November 1942 &ndash; 26 October 2021) was a Swedish freestyle swimmer. He won two bronze medals at the 1966 European Aquatics Championships. He competed at the 1964 and 1968 Summer Olympics.

## References
Michael Laughlin

**Michael Stoddard Laughlin** (1938 – October 27, 2021) was an American movie director, producer and screenwriter. He was born in Minonk, Illinois. His career began in 1967. He was known for writing and directing the movies *Strange Behavior* (1981), *Strange Invaders* (1983), *Mesmerized* (1986) and *Town & Country* (2001).

Laughlin was married to French actress Leslie Caron between 1969 until 1980. 

Laughlin died on October 27, 2021, in Honolulu, Hawaii from problems caused by COVID-19, aged 82.

## References
## Other websites
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*National Film Registry, Library of Congress
*Criterion Collection essay on Two-Lane Blacktop
*Variety Profile
German nationalism

**German nationalism** is the idea that the different people who are seen as German belong together and should make one country. German nationalism started around 1770. At the start, there were many different small kingdoms and duchies, the German state only started to exist in the mid-19th century. German nationalism started with the Napoleonic wars, when France invaded the different German states. In the 19th century, the main question was whether to make a Germany that included the modern-day state of Austria, (seen as lesser German) or to make one that included it. 

In the end Bismarck opted for a lesser German solution (which did not include Austria). This is through German Unification. When the Nazis came to power in 1933, they wanted to create a Greater Germany (including Austria). During this time, the people who were not seen as German were seen as Untermenschen  (subhumans), and many were killed.
Hampton Falls, New Hampshire

**Hampton Falls** is a town in Rockingham County, New Hampshire, United States. As of the 2020 census, 2,403 people lived there.

## Other websites
* Town of Hampton Falls official website
* Hampton Falls Free Library
* Hampton Falls Historical Society
Valeriy Khmelko

**Valériy Khmelkó** (30 July 1939 – 30 October 2021) was a Ukrainian sociologist. He was a professor at the National University of Kiev-Mohyla Academy. He was also President of the Kyiv International Institute of Sociology. Khmelko was born in Kyiv, Ukraine. His works focused on macrosociology and sociology of personality.

## Related pages
*List of sociologists from Europe

## References
Pepi Bader

**Josef "Pepi" Bader** (29 May 1941 &ndash; 30 October 2021) was a West German bobsledder. He competed in two Winter Olympics, he won silver medals in the two-man event both in 1968 and 1972. Bader also won two medals at the 1970 FIBT World Championships in St. Moritz. He was born in Grainau, Germany.

Bader died on 30 October 2021, aged 80.

## References
Dusty Johnson

**Dustin M. Johnson** (born September 30, 1976) is an American politician. He is the U.S. Representative for South Dakota's at-large congressional district since 2019. He is a member of the Republican Party. He was South Dakota Public Utilities Commissioner from 2005 to 2011. 

## References
Presho, South Dakota

**Presho** is a small city in Lyman County, South Dakota, United States. The population was 472 at the 2020 census.

## References
Vyacheslav Khrynin

**Vyacheslav Aleksandrovich Khrynin** (; 10 August 1937 – 30 October 2021) was a Russian basketball player. He played for the Soviet team, where he won a silver medal at the 1964 Summer Olympics.

## References
Tim Johnson

**Timothy Peter Johnson** (December 28, 1946 &ndash; October 8, 2024) was an American lawyer and politician. He was a United States Senator from South Dakota from 1997 to 2015. He was a member of the Democratic Party. He was the United States Representative for  from 1987 to 1997.

Johnson chose not to run for reelection in 2014. 

Johnson died on October 8, 2024 under hospice care in Sioux Falls, South Dakota from problems caused by a stroke at the age of 77.

## References
Doğan Akhanlı

**Doğan Akhanlı** (; 18 March 1957 – 31 October 2021) was a Turkish-born German writer. His works focused on genocides of the 20th century, such as those affecting Armenians and the Jews. His works criticized Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan and often got him arrested.

Akhanlı died from cancer on 31 October 2021 at the age of 64 in Berlin.

## References
Aurel Vainer

**Aurel Vainer** (10 January 1932 – 31 October 2021) was a Romanian economist and politician. He was born in Ștefănești, Botoșani, Romania. He was well known in the Romanian Jewish community. He was a member of the Chamber of Deputies from 2004 until 2016.

Vainer died on 31 October 2021 in Bucharest, Romania at the age of 89.

## References
Peter Philpott

**Peter Ian Philpott** (21 November 1934 – 31 October 2021) was an Australian cricketer. He was a leg-spin bowler and middle order batsman. He played for New South Wales and the national team in the 1960s. He was born in Manly, New South Wales.

Philpott died on 31 October 2021 at the age of 86 from problems caused by a fall in New South Wales.

## References
Maurice Malleret

**Maurice Malleret** (30 September 1931 – 3 October 2021) was a French writer, historian, musicologist, and poet. He worked with the magazine *La Vie du rail* and *Cercle Littéraire des Écrivains Cheminots*. He was a member of the Société des poètes et artistes de France. He was born in Cosne-d'Allier, France. He also worked at the National Museum of Natural History, France.

Malleret died on 3 October 2021 in Lavault-Sainte-Anne, France from congestive heart failure, aged 90.

## References
Andrzej Zaorski

**Andrzej Adam Zaorski** (17 December 1942 – 31 October 2021) was a Polish actor and cabaret artist. He was born in Piaski, Poland. From 1991 to 1993, he produced the television series *Polskie Zoo*. An actor, he was known for his roles in *The Mother of Kings*, *Westerplatte* and *Pięciu*.

Zaorski died on 31 October 2021 in Warsaw, Poland from stroke-related problems, aged 78.

## References
## Other websites
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Spintharus berniesandersi

***Spintharus berniesandersi*** is a species of *Spintharus* ("smiley-faced spiders") in the family Theridiidae. It is endemic to Cuba.

It was described in 2018 by academics at the University of Vermont.

The spider is named after United States Senator Bernie Sanders.

## References
Claire King

**Jayne Claire King** (born **Jayne Claire Seed**; 10 January 1962) is an English actress. She is best known for portraying the roles of Kim Tate in the ITV soap opera *Emmerdale* (1989–1999, 2018–present), and Karen Betts in the ITV prison drama series *Bad Girls* (2000–2004). King also appeared in the fourth series of *Strictly Come Dancing* (2006), *Safari School* (2007), and *Celebrity Big Brother 14* (2014). Then from 2014 to 2017, she portrayed Erica Holroyd in the ITV soap opera *Coronation Street*.

## Other websites
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Epping, New Hampshire

**Epping** is a town in Rockingham County, New Hampshire, United States. As of the 2020 census, 7,125 people lived there.

## Other websites
* Town of Epping official website
* New Hampshire Economic and Labor Market Information Bureau Profile
* Rockingham County Planning Commission - Maps
Loudon, New Hampshire

**Loudon** is a town in Merrimack County, New Hampshire, United States. As of the 2020 census, 5,576 people live here, and is the home of New Hampshire Motor Speedway.

## Other websites
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Eileen Filler-Corn

**Eileen Robin Filler-Corn** (born June 5, 1964) is an American lawyer and politician. She was the 56th Speaker of the Virginia House of Delegates from 2020 to 2022. She has been a member of the Virginia House of Delegates since 2010. She is a member of the Democratic Party. 

She is also the first woman and Jew to serve as Speaker of the Virginia House of Delegates.

## References
Cruziohyla sylviae

'''Sylvia's tree frog'* (*Cruziohyla sylviae*) is a frog that lives in Panama, Costa Rica, Honduras, and Nicaragua.  Scientists have seen it no more than 750 meters above sea level. People have seen it between 30 and 1600 meters above sea level.

## Appearance
The adult male frog is 44.3 to 67.0 mm long from nose to rear end and the adult female frog is 73.5 to 88.2 mm long.

This frog has a mix of dark green and light green on its back, with pale blue spots.  It has yellow-orange sides with thick black stripes.  It has a small yellow spot behind each eye.  The spot is covered up when the frog is still.  Unlike *Cruziohyla calcarifer'', it does not have dark brown marks on its underside.

## Home
This frog lives in trees where the branches come together like a roof in forests and flood plains. The frog climbs down to lower branches when it is time to lay eggs. The female frog lays eggs in water in dead trees. People have also seen tadpoles in water storage lakes if there are enough trees nearby.

## Threats
This frog is not endangered, and people have seen more of them than there were before.  However, they are still in some danger because human beings change the forests where they live into farms and other things and cut down trees for the wood.  This is called habitat loss.

## References
Irene Tarimo

**Irene Tarimo** (born 1 October 1964) is a Tanzanian scientist, researcher and educator.     

## Career 
She served as the Head of Department of Environmental Studies and Lindi Regional Director at the Open University of Tanzania.  She currently serve as Chairman of the Staff Funds Committee, Open University of Tanzania 

During 1990's, she helped with the founding of the Tanzania Environmental Conservation Society, which advocates on environmental impacts and the climate crisis, mostly on researches.

## References
The Rat Race

***The Rat Race*** is a 1960 American romantic comedy-drama movie directed by Robert Mulligan and was based on the play by Garson Kanin. It stars Tony Curtis, Debbie Reynolds, Jack Oakie, Kay Medford, Don Rickles, Norman Fell, Marjorie Bennett and was distributed by Paramount Pictures.

## Other websites
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* 
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Sarcohyla labeculata

The **Mixe streamside tree frog**, **yellow-robed tree frog**, **Cerro las Flores spikethumb tree frog** (*Sarcohyla labeculata*) is a frog that lives in Mexico.  Scientists have seen it between 1780 and 1896 meters above sea level.

## References
Demographic momentum

**Demographic momentum** is a common characteristic of growing populations. It is that even after a decline in fertility rates, the birth rate will still increase. This is because of a young age distribution, which means that there are a lot of young people who are able to have children.

## Other websites
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Dances with Smurfs

"**Dances with Smurfs**" is the 13th Episode of the 13th Season of South Park, a TV show on Comedy Central.

The episode shows Eric Cartman replacing Gordon Stoltski as the reader of the morning announcements.  In the episode, Eric Cartman starts accusing Wendy Testaburger, the school's student body president, of being a Smurf killer and writes a book about his frustration with her. 

"Dances with Smurfs" is a parody of Glen Beck and of James Cameron's movie *Avatar*.

## References
Rindge, New Hampshire

**Rindge** is a town in Cheshire County, New Hampshire, United States. As of the 2020 census, 6,476 people lived there.

## Other websites
* Town of Rindge official website
* Ingalls Memorial Library 
* Rindge Chamber of Commerce
* Rindge Historical Society
Earless monitor lizard

**The earless monitor lizard** (*Lanthanotus borneensis*) is a brown lizard. It lives in Borneo. It is the only living species in the family Lanthanotidae.

## References
Göktürks

(6th to 8th century)|thumb]]

The **Göktürks**, **Celestial Turks** or **Blue Turks** were a group of Turkic peoples who lived in Central Asia during the middle ages. Bumin Qaghan and his sons were their leaders. The Göktürks ruled their area after the Rouran Khaganate. They became the main power in their part of inner Asia.  They built the Turkic Khaganate.  This Khaganate was a nomadic dynasty that had a big effect on later Turkic peoples. Their Religion was Tengrism

## References
António Topa

**António André da Silva Topa** (2 September 1954 – 31 October 2021) was a Portuguese engineer and politician. He was a member of the Social Democratic Party. He was in the Assembly of the Republic from 2015 until his death. 

Topa died in Lisbon, Portugal on 31 October 2021, aged 67.

## References
Gale Anne Hurd

**Gale Anne Hurd** (born October 25, 1955) is an American movie and television producer. She is the founder of Valhalla Entertainment (formerly Pacific Western Productions). She was a recording secretary for the Producers Guild of America. Hurd was born in Los Angeles, California.

Hurd is known for producing *Aliens*, *The Terminator* and *The Walking Dead*.

Hurd studied at Stanford University. She was married to James Cameron from 1985 until their divorce in 1989. She later married Brian De Palma in 1991 and they divorced in 1993. In 1995, Hurd married Jonathan Hensleigh. She has a daughter, Lolita, with de Palma.

## References
Magdalena Andersson

**Eva Magdalena Andersson** (born 23 January 1967) is a Swedish politician for the Social Democratic Party.

In November 2021, she was appointed First Secretary of the Swedish Social Democratic Workers' Party, making her the second woman to lead the party. On 24 November 2021, the Swedish Parliament elected her as Prime Minister of Sweden. She assumed office on 30 November 2021.
In May 2022, Andersson started the process for Sweden to join NATO.

After her left-wing coalition lost its majority in the 2022 election, Andersson announced her resignation as prime minister. She was replaced by Ulf Kristersson on 18 October.

## References
2021 United Nations Climate Change Conference

The **2021 United Nations Climate Change Conference**, also known as **COP26**, was the 26th United Nations Climate Change conference. It is being held in Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom, between 31&nbsp;October and 12&nbsp;November 2021. The conference is the 26th Conference of the Parties (COP) to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and the third meeting of the parties to the Paris Agreement.

This conference is the first time that parties will commit to lower greenhouse gas emissions and the raising temperatures of climate change.

It was supposed to be held in November 2020, but was postponed because of the COVID-19 pandemic.

On 1 September 2021, the first pledges and the first meeting of **COP26** had started.

## References.
Flags of the Confederate States of America

The **flags of the Confederate States of America** have a history of three designs from 1861 to 1865. The flags were known as the "Stars and Bars", used from 1861 to 1863, the "Stainless Banner", used from 1863 to 1865, and the "Blood-Stained Banner", used in 1865 shortly before the Confederacy's was dissolved.

Since the end of the American Civil War, the flag has been used by white supremacists and have been controversial in the United States.

## References
Lightyear (movie)

***Lightyear*** is a 2022 computer-animated superhero film movie that is based on the character Buzz Lightyear from the *Toy Story* series and is a spin-off movie. It is the fitfh movie of the Toy Story franchise, and is directed by Angus MacLane, and stars Chris Evans in the title role.

*Lightyear was* released in theaters on June 17, 2022.

## Plot
After an astronaut named Buzz Lightyear accidentally crash lands a spaceship on an alien planet in the middle of nowhere, Buzz Lightyear feels guilty about that so Buzz decides to try to fix the crystal they need to go faster than the speed of light. But every time he tries to do that he goes four years into the future instead while everyone else builds a colony on the planet. Eventually Buzz’s partner Hawthorne dies of old age so her replacement Commander Burnside ends Buzz’s mission and decides to deactivate Buzz’s robot cat Sox so Buzz steals a spaceship and takes Sox with him 22 years into the future. When Buzz comes back to the planet he finds out it’s being attacked by an army of robots working for someone named Zurg and Buzz works with a team led by Hawthorne’s granddaughter to beat Zurg. Buzz learns that aside from him everyone was able to make the planet their home. Buzz finds out Zurg is actually him from the future and that he went back in time to keep them from ever crashing into the planet. When Buzz refuses to help Future Buzz, Future Buzz tries to kill him so Buzz and his team have to beat Future Buzz and save the planet. Commander Burnside then rewards Buzz and his team by making them a group of soldiers to protect the Galaxy.

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Huey P. Long Bridge (Jefferson Parish)

The **Huey P. Long Bridge** is a bridge in Jefferson Parish, Louisiana. It is a cantilevered steel through-truss bridge. It carries a railroad line and US 90 over the Mississippi River.

The bridge opened in December 1935. It was named for the Governor Huey P. Long, who was killed on September 8 of that year. It was designed by Polish-American engineer Ralph Modjeski. It is a National Historic Civil Engineering Landmark.

## References
Sarcohyla

***Sarcohyla*** is a genus of frogs in the family Hylidae. These frogs live in Mexico and the hills and mountains between Durango in the north and Guerrero in the south. These frogs live in habitats that humans have not changed too much, near streams in pine-oak forests between  above sea level. The name comes from the Greek *sarkodes* meaning "fleshy" and from *Hylas*. It is for the thick, glandular skin of most of the frogs in the genus.

## Description
*Sarcohyla* are medium sized or large frogs. They have thick skin with glands. They have large thumbs and no projecting spine. The alary process of the premaxilla does not split into two pieces like it does in some other frogs.

## Taxonomy
Scientists first invented *Sarcohyla* in 2016 using molecular data. The species in *Sarcohyla* had been in the *Hyla bistincta*, *Hyla arborescandens* and *Plectrohyla bistincta* groups. *Sarcohyla*'s sister group is *Plectrohyla*. Not all species in *Sarcohyla* were included in the molecular analysis, so not all scientists are sure the genus is monophyletic.

## Species
The genus has 26 species in it:

## References
Nelson Freire

**Nelson Freire** (18 October 1944 — 31 October 2021) was a Brazilian classical pianist. He was thought to be one of the greatest pianist in Brazil. He was born in Boa Esperança, Minas Gerais. He won the Vianna da Motta International Music Competition in 1964. 

Freire died at his home in Rio de Janeiro on 31 October 2021 at the age of 77.

## References
Francisco Ou

**Francisco H.L. Ou** (; 5 January 1940 – 30 October 2021) was a Taiwanese politician. He was born in Hsinchu, Taiwan, Empire of Japan. He was the Minister of Foreign Affairs between 2008 until 2009 during the Ma Ying-jeou presidency. He was also an ambassador to Guatemala and Nicaragua.

Ou died on 30 October 2021 from pneumonia, aged 81.

## References
Peter Rabbit (franchise)

**Peter Rabbit** is a media franchise from Columbia Pictures and based on Beatrix Potter's 1902 of the same name. It includes two feature films.

## Movies 
### *Peter Rabbit* (2018)
Feature adaptation of Beatrix Potter's classic tale of a rebellious rabbit trying to sneak into a farmer's vegetable garden.

### *Peter Rabbit 2: The Runaway* (2021)
Thomas and Bea are now married and living with Peter and his rabbit family. Bored of life in the garden, Peter goes to the big city, where he meets shady characters and ends up creating chaos for the whole family.

## Characters
Verghereto

**Verghereto** is a *comune* (municipality) in the Province of Forlì-Cesena in the Italian region Emilia-Romagna.

## References
Pat Martino

**Pat Martino** (born **Patrick Azzara**; August 25, 1944 – November 1, 2021) was an American jazz guitarist and composer.

Martino worked with jazz organists Charles Earland, Richard "Groove" Holmes, Jack McDuff, Don Patterson, Trudy Pitts, Jimmy Smith, Gene Ludwig, and Joey DeFrancesco.

Martino had been performing until a hemorrhage caused a "near-fatal seizure" in 1980 which caused him to lose his memory and how to play instruments.

Martino died on November 1, 2021, at the age of 77.

## References
Clint Howard

**Clinton Engle Howard** (born April 20, 1959) is an American actor. He is the second son born to American actors Rance and Jean Howard. He is the younger brother of actor and director Ron Howard. He is known for his roles in *The Waterboy* and *Apollo 13*. Howard was born in Burbank, California.

## References
Seth Gabel

**Seth Gabel** (born October 3, 1981) is an American actor. Gabel is known for his roles of agent Lincoln Lee on Fox's television series *Fringe*, Cotton Mather on WGN America's series *Salem*, and Adrian Moore on the FX series *Nip/Tuck*.

Gabel married actress Bryce Dallas Howard in 2006 and they have two children together.

## References
Kitty Dukakis

**Katharine** "**Kitty**" **Dukakis** (née **Dickson**; December 26, 1936 &ndash; March 21, 2025) was an American author. She was the wife of former Massachusetts governor Michael Dukakis. She was the First Lady of Massachusetts from 1975 until 1979 and again from 1983 until 1991.

During the 1988 presidential election, many fake rumors were talked about in the media about the Dukakises, including the claim by Idaho Republican Senator Steve Symms that Kitty had burned a United States flag to protest the Vietnam War.

In 1989, Dukakis was briefly hospitalized after drinking rubbing alcohol. In 1991, she revealed in her autobiography that she had suffered from alcoholism and had depression. She later became an activist supporting electroconvulsive therapy to treat patients with depression.

## References
Rubbing alcohol

rubbing alcohol]]
**Rubbing alcohol** is either an isopropyl alcohol or an ethanol-based liquid used for sanitation.

They are liquids used primarily as a topical antiseptic.
They can be used at hospitals to houses for disinfect things or injuries.

## References
Friars Point, Mississippi

**Friars Point** is a town in Coahoma County, Mississippi, United States. The population was 896 at the 2020 census.

## References
Peter Rabbit 2: The Runaway

***Peter Rabbit 2: The Runaway*** (also known simply as ***Peter Rabbit 2***) is a 2021 3D live-action/computer-animated adventure comedy movie directed and produced by Will Gluck, who co-wrote the screenplay with Patrick Burleigh. The movie is a sequel to 2018's *Peter Rabbit* produced by Sony Pictures Animation, and is based on the stories of Peter Rabbit created by Beatrix Potter. The movie stars the voice of James Corden as the title character, alongside Rose Byrne, Domhnall Gleeson, and David Oyelowo in live-action roles, and the voices of Elizabeth Debicki, Lennie James and Margot Robbie.

After facing numerous delays from its original February 2020 release date due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the movie was released theatrically by Sony Pictures Releasing under its Columbia Pictures label, first in Australia on March 25, 2021, then in the United Kingdom on May 17 and in the United States on June 18. The movie has grossed over $153 million worldwide and received mixed reviews from critics.
## References
## Other websites
* 
*
Remanufacturing

**Remanufactured** (also known as Rebuilt) is an event when an building or train is rebuilt after an accident.

## References 
## Other websites 
* http://www.remanufacturing.org.uk
*Ivor Searle's Engine Remanufacturing Process 
*The Environmental Impact of Engine Reconditioning / Remanufacturing
Last Night in Soho

***Last Night in Soho*** is a 2021 British psychological horror movie directed by Edgar Wright. The screenplay was written by Wright and Krysty Wilson-Cairns, from a story by Wright. The movie stars Thomasin McKenzie, Anya Taylor-Joy, Matt Smith, Diana Rigg, Elizabeth Berrington and Terence Stamp.

The movie premiered at the 78th Venice International Film Festival on 4 September 2021. It was released in the United Kingdom and United States on 29 October 2021 by Universal Pictures and Focus Features. It had mainly positive reviews, especially the production design, cinematography and performances from actors.

## References
Giacomo Babini

**Giacomo Babini** (22 February 1929 &ndash; 1 November 2021) was an Italian Roman Catholic prelate. He was born in Verghereto, Italy. He became a priest in 1966. He was controversial for his antisemitism and homophobia comments. He was the Bishop of Pitigliano-Sovana-Orbetello (1991–1996) and Grosseto (1996–2001).

Babini died on 1 November 2021 at a hospital in Arezzo, Italy at the age of 92.

## References
Chloe Fineman

**Chloe Rose Fineman** (born July 20, 1988) is an American actress and comedian. Fineman began her career with The Groundlings improv troupe. She is known for being a cast member of *Saturday Night Live* since 2019. In 2024, she appeared in the film *Despicable Me 4* (2024).

## References
## Other websites
*
Bottes sauvages

**Bottes sauvages** are shoes.  They are boots.  They are tall, reaching up toward the knee.  They are made of leather.  People invented bottes sauvages by looking at Native American moccasins.  These boots are part of the traditional clothing of people from Quebec.

## References
Dawn raids (New Zealand)

The **Dawn Raids** were a crackdown in New Zealand from the mid-1970s to the early 1980s on illegal overstayers from the Pacific Islands. 

The raids were first announced in 1973 by Prime Minister Norman Kirk and were continued by his replacement Rob Muldoon.

These raids involved special police squads causing raids on the homes and workplaces of overstayers throughout New Zealand usually at dawn. Overstayers and their families were often prosecuted and then deported back to their countries.

In August 2021, New Zealand Prime Minister Jacinda Ardern made a formal apology for the raids.

## References
Baby Driver

***Baby Driver*** is a 2017 action movie written and directed by Edgar Wright. It stars Ansel Elgort as a getaway driver who wants freedom from a life of crime with his girlfriend Debora (Lily James). Kevin Spacey, Jon Hamm, Eiza González, Jamie Foxx, and Jon Bernthal appear in supporting roles. The movie was produced by Eric Fellner and his Working Title Films partner Tim Bevan with Nira Park from Big Talk Productions. Sony and TriStar Pictures released the film.

## References
Gilsum, New Hampshire

**Gilsum** is a town in Cheshire County, New Hampshire, United States. As of the 2020 census, 752 people lived there.

## Other websites
* 
* Town of Gilsum community website
* Gilsum Public Library 
* New Hampshire Economic and Labor Market Information Bureau Profile
Norman Kirk

**Norman Eric Kirk**  (6 January 1923 – 31 August 1974) was a New Zealand politician. He was the 29th Prime Minister of New Zealand from 1972 until his sudden death in 1974.

Kirk joined the New Zealand Labour Party in 1943.

Kirk died of a pulmonary embolism in Wellington on 31 August 1974 at the age of 51.

## References
## Other websites
* Prime Ministers of New Zealand: Norman Kirk
* NZBC Network News – Prime Minister Norman Kirk's Death
Folly Beach, South Carolina

**Folly Beach** is a partly-private coastal city in Charleston County, South Carolina. Folly Beach is on the Atlantic coastal region of eastern South Carolina. The number of people living in the city was 2,682 according to the 2020 United States Census.

On September 21 or 22, 1989, Hurricane Hugo moved onto shores northeast of Charleston, Folly Beach and Mount Pleasant. These places were affected by Hugo's weaker winds. The Washout, a very well known place that people like to visit, was created not long after Hugo entered the area.
 
The city was established in 1937 or 1938.

## References
Viv Richards

**Viv Richards** (born in 1952) is a former West Indian cricketer.

Richards is from Antigua. He played for Somerset and the West Indies.

Wisden elected him one of the five cricketers of the 20th century.

## References
Interstate 220 (Mississippi)

**Interstate 220** (**I-220**) is a bypass around Jackson, Mississippi. It provides an interstate connection for Interstate 55 and Interstate 20 without going through downtown. The highway was Mississippi's first three-digit interstate, complete by 1981.

I-220 begins at I-20. It continues north, with an interchange at Clinton Boulevard that provides access to Capitol Street and Bullard Street. After turning to the northeast, I-220 ends at I-55.

Legally, the route of I-220 is defined in Mississippi Code § 65-3-3.

## References
Interstate 115

**Interstate&nbsp;115** (**I-115**) is a  auxiliary Interstate Highway in the U.S. state of Montana. It connects I-15/I-90 to Butte. The highway begins at an interchange with I-15/I-90 through generally rural areas in western Butte. It has an interchange with Excelsior Avenue before ending. The entire route was upgraded to interstate standards during the 1960s, and was further upgraded in 2005.
Sarcohyla celata

The **Oaxaca tree frog** (*Sarcohyla celata*) is a frog that lives in Mexico.  It lives in cloud forests.  Scientists have seen it between 2640 and 2890 meters above sea level in the Sierra Juárez in Oaxaca.

## References
Bong Go

**Christopher Lawrence** "**Bong**" **Tesoro Go** (; born June 14, 1974) is a Filipino politician. He is a Senator since 2019. He was Special Assistant to the President and Head of the Presidential Management Staff from June 2016 to October 2018 during the Rodrigo Duterte cabinet. 

In October 2021, Go announced his candidacy for Vice President of the Philippines in the 2022 election. However the following month, he withdrew from the vice presidential election to run for President of the Philippines.

## References
Smallfoot (movie)

***Smallfoot*** is a 2018 American  computer-animated musical comedy movie. 
## Production
It was produced by the Warner Animation Group and distributed by Warner Bros. Pictures. The story is based on the unpublished children's book *Yeti Tracks* by Sergio Pablos. The movie was co-written and directed by Karey Kirkpatrick. 
## Release
*Smallfoot* was theatrically released in the United States on September 28, 2018. It received a mostly positive reception from critics and grossed over $214 million worldwide.

## Plot
The plot follows a tribe of Himalayan Yeti who come across a human being, with each species thinking the other was just a myth.
## Voice cast
The movie stars the voices of Channing Tatum, James Corden, Zendaya, Common, LeBron James, Gina Rodriguez, Danny DeVito, Yara Shahidi, Ely Henry, and Jimmy Tatro. 
* Channing Tatum as Migo
* James Corden as Percy Patterson
* Zendaya as Meechee
** Jennifer Hale as Meechee's singing voice (uncredited)
* Common as Stonekeeper
* LeBron James as Gwangi
* Gina Rodriguez as Kolka
* Danny DeVito as Dorgle
* Yara Shahidi as Brenda
* Ely Henry as Fleem
* Jimmy Tatro as Thorp
* Patricia Heaton as Mama Bear

## References
Joan of the Tower

**Joan of the Tower** (5 July 1321 &ndash; 7 September 1362) was the queen of Scotland from 1329 to her death as the first wife of David II of Scotland. She was the daughter of Edward II of England and Isabella of France.

## Life 
Joan was the youngest daughter of King Edward II of England and Isabella of France. She was born in the Tower of London on 5 July 1321. 

According to the Treaty of Northampton, Joan was married on 17 July 1328 to David, the son and heir of Robert I of Scotland at Berwick-upon-Tweed. At the time of the marriage, Joan was 7 and David was 4. The marriage lasted for 34 years.

## References 
## Sources
*Ashley, Mike. *The Mammoth Book of British Kings and Queens*. London: Robinson Publishers, 1999. 
*Marshall, Rosalind. *Scottish Queens 1034–1714*. East Linton: Tuckwell Press, 2003.  
*Panton, James. *Historical Dictionary of the British Monarchy*. Lanham, MD: Scarecrow Press, 2011.  

## Other websites
Imee Marcos

**Maria Imelda Josefa** "**Imee**" **Romualdez Marcos** (; born November 12, 1955) is a Filipina politician. She has been a  Senator since 2019. She was governor of Ilocos Norte from 2010 to 2019 and a representative of Ilocos Norte's 2nd district from 1998 to 2007. 

She is a daughter of former dictator Ferdinand Marcos and former first lady Imelda Marcos.

## References
National Database and Registration Authority

The **National Database & Registration Authority (NADRA)** () is an independent and autonomous agency under the control of the Interior Secretary of Pakistan that regulates government databases and statistically manages the sensitive registration database of all the national citizens of Pakistan.

## Descriptive 
The ID card has the following information on it:

# Legal Name,
# Gender (male, female, or transgender),
# Father's name (Husband's name for married females), as questions were being raised over who was a Pakistani and who was not. So the Bhutto regime introduced a national registration act in the Parliament of Pakistan to establish an authority to issue photo IDs to all registered Pakistani citizens.

## Related pages
* Pakistani passport

## References
## Other websites
* CNIC  at NADRA
* NADRA ONLINE CARD UK
Interstate 310 (Louisiana)

- Part of Interstate 310]]
**Interstate 310** (**I-310**) is a short spur route of I-10 west of New Orleans, located in St. Charles Parish, Louisiana, United States.

It begins at on I-10 just west of Louis Armstrong New Orleans International Airport. It goes south as an elevated freeway across the LaBranche Wetlands. The highway crosses the Mississippi River, and ends at US&nbsp;90 in Boutte.

## References
Masahito Hitosugi

(born July 3, 1969) is a Japanese forensic pathologist, researcher and educator. He is serving as a professor in legal medicine in Shiga University of Medical Science, Japan.

## Early Career and Education 
After graduating from the Jikei University School of Medicine in 1994, after working at Kawasaki City Kawasaki Hospital, completed the Jikei University School of Medicine. He moved to his current position after working as an assistant at Doshisha University and an associate professor at the Department of Forensic Medicine, Dokkyo Medical University. He is also active in a wide range of fields, including being a university lecturer, a part-time police doctor at the Tochigi Prefectural Police Headquarters, and energetically working on many related committees and academic societies. His area of expertise is the pathophysiology of sudden death, thrombosis, and preventive medicine for traffic accidents.

## Publications 
* 2008,1 January

## Awards 
* Best Paper Award, The Japanese Association of Rehabilitation Medicine (Co-author) 2017
* The Technological Contribution Award, Society of Automotive Engineers of Japan, Inc. 2016
* Best Paper Award, Japan Council of Traffic Science (Co-author) 2016
* International Health Professional of the Year, Cambridge, England 2010
* Best Paper Award, Japan Council of Traffic Science 2010
* Kenichi Uemura Award, Japan Society for Medical English Education 2010
* Japan Society for Transportation Science, *Best Paper Award* 2010
* Japan Society for Medical English Education, *Kenichi Uemura Award* 2010
* Best Presentation Award, Japan Society of Automotive Engineers, Annual Congress 2008
* Society of Automotive Engineers of Japan,  *Best Presentation Award* 2008
* Best Presentation Award, Japan Society of Automotive Engineers, Annual Congress (Co-author) 2007
## Notes 
## References 
## Other websites 
*KAKEN
*Justia
Criminal Tribes Act

The **Criminal Tribes Act** was one of the many laws passed on the 12th of October in 1871 by the British colonial government that applied to Indians based on their religion and caste identification. The *Criminal Tribes Act* and its provisions used the term Tribes, which included castes within their scope. This terminology was preferred for various reasons, including Muslim sensitivities that considered castes by definition Hindu, and preferred Tribes as a more generic term that included Muslims. The origins behind the creation of the act concerned Revolt of 1857 where many tribal chiefs as Dhan Singh Gurjar were labelled traitors and considered rebellious. **Criminal Tribes Act of 1871** was amended, on the 28th of January in 1897; with the subtitle "An Act for the Registration of Criminal Tribes and Eunuchs", ordering that "criminal" eunuchs "dressed or ornamented like a woman in a public street… be arrested without warrant" and imprisoned.

The Criminal Tribes Act of 1871, expanded in scope through the 1920s, targeted numerous castes in colonial India. According to Simon Cole, a professor of Criminology, Law & Society, the law declared everyone belonging to certain castes to be born with criminal tendencies. They criminalized entire communities by categorizing them as habitual criminals. Because of this label, restriction on their movements was also imposed.

Adult male members of such groups were forced to report weekly to the local police.

## References
Nisha Rao

**Nisha** **Rao** is a Pakistani transgender lawyer and activist. In 2020, she became the first transgender law graduate in Pakistan.

## Career 
Rao began her law career by participating in various advocacy events. She later associated herself with various Non-governmental organizations (NGOs) as a volunteer and a legal adviser. She joined the Gender Interactive Alliance (GIA), which works for the rights of the transgender community.

As a lawyer, Nisha has dealt with over 50 cases regarding the transgender community.

## Future plans 
Nisha plans to help the transgender community through her NGO. She wants to set up a helpline where transgender people can be guided by other community members. She also has plans to build a transgender old age home in the near future.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Nisha Rao interview 
* Nisha Rao life story
Human rights in Pakistan

The situation of Human Rights in Pakistan () is complex as a result of the country's diversity, large population, its status as a developing country and a sovereign Islamic democracy with a mixture of both Islamic and secular law. The Constitution of Pakistan provides for fundamental rights.  The Clauses also provide for an independent Supreme Court, separation of executive and judiciary, an independent judiciary, independent Human Rights commission and freedom of movement within the country and abroad. However these clauses are not respected in practice.

## LGBT concerns
Homosexuality is  illegal *per se*.  Criminal sanctions against LGBT people in Pakistan tend to come from several very broadly traditional cultured and Neo-Conservative ideology against perceived "immorality". Additionally the Government of Pakistan has itself admitted on several occasions that it has absolutely no control over the Military of Pakistan and related security agencies.

## References
Human rights in Turkey

**Human rights in Turkey** are protected by a variety of international law treaties, which take precedence over domestic legislation, according to Article 90 of the 1982 Constitution. The International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) was not signed by Turkey until 2000.

## Human rights in Northern Cyprus
Human rights in Northern Cyprus are protected by the constitution of Northern Cyprus. However, there have been reports of violations of the human rights of minorities, democratic freedom, freedom from discrimination, freedom from torture, freedom of movement, freedom of religion, freedom of speech, right to education, right to life, right to property, and the rights of displaced persons.

### Rights of LGBT 
Sexual intercourse between consenting adult females is legal in Northern Cyprus. Male homosexuality was still criminalised in Northern Cyprus until January 2014, while anti-homosexuality legislation formerly in effect in the Republic of Cyprus was repealed following a 1993 ruling by the European Court of Human Rights (*Modinos v. Cyprus*).

On 27 January 2014 Turkish Cypriot deputies passed an amendment repealing a colonial-era law that punished homosexual acts with up to five years in prison by a new Criminal Code. It was the last territory in Europe to decriminalise sexual relations between consenting, adult men. In response to the vote ,  Paulo Corte-Real from the International Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Intersex Association, a rights advocacy group said that "We welcome today's vote and can finally call Europe a continent completely free from laws criminalising homosexuality".

## References
Human rights in Bahrain

**Bahrain**s record on human rights has been described by Human Rights Watch as "dismal", and having "deteriorated sharply in the latter half of 2010". Their subsequent report in 2020 noted that the human rights situation in the country had not improved.

## LGBT concerns
Homosexuality is not illegal *per se*.  Criminal sanctions against LGBT people in Bahrain tend to come from several very broadly written laws against perceived "immorality".

## References
Kurzgesagt

**Kurzgesagt** (in German Language stands for "In a nutshell") is a design studio and animator founded by Philipp Dettmer. They have a YouTube Channel and its studio focuses on educational minimalist content. They animate their videos using a flat design style. Their videos are about Science, Technology, Policies, Philosophy subjects.

The videos are narrated by Steve Taylor. The videos are usually 4 to 16 minutes long. Their works are available in English, German, and Spanish. They began creating videos in their Spanish Channel (En Pocas Palabras - Kurzgesagt) near the end of 2019 as of June 16th, 2025, they have 24.2 million subscribers and have 287 videos.

 in 
Stockholm, 2018.]]

## References
Dean Shek

**Dean Shek** (17 June 1949 – 20 September 2021),  also known as **Dean Shek Tin**, was a Hong Kong actor and producer. He was best known as Professor Kai-hsien in the 1978 movie *Drunken Master*, Lung Sei in the 1987 movie *A Better Tomorrow II*, and Snooker in the 1990 movie *The Dragon from Russia*.

Shek died from cancer on 20 September 2021, at the age of 72. He had been diagnosed with the disease two months before his death.

## References
Gulraiz Akhtar

**Gulraiz Akhtar** (2 February 1943 &ndash; 1 November 2021) was a Pakistani field hockey player. He was born in Rawalpindi, Pakistan. He won his first gold medal at the 1968 Summer Olympics in Mexico City.

## Position
Gulraiz used to play on left-half position.

## References
Jonathan Gledhill

**Jonathan Michael Gledhill** (14 February 1949 – 1 November 2021) was an English Anglican clergyman. He was the Bishop of Southampton from 1996 to 2003, and the Bishop of Lichfield from 2003 to 2015. He was born in Windsor, Berkshire, England.

He announced he had Parkinson's disease, shortly before his retirement from ministry in 2015. Gledhill died on 1 November 2021, at the age of 72.

## References
Seeco Patterson

**Alvin "Seeco" Patterson** (born **Francisco Willie**, 30 December 1930 – 1 November 2021) was a Cuban-born Jamaican percussionist. He was a member of The Wailers Band. He was born Havana, Cuba.

## References
Yuri Klepikov

**Yuri Nikolaevich Klepikov**  (; 24 August 1935 – 1 November 2021) was a Russian screenwriter and actor. His career began in 1966. A screenwriter, he was known for his works in *The Story of Asya Klyachina* (1966), *The Seventh Companion* (1967), *Mama Married* (1969), *Dauria* (1971), *The Ascent* (1976) and *Boys* (1983).

## References
Hiroshi Ogawa (politician)

was a Japanese politician. He became the governor of Fukuoka Prefecture in 2011. In 2015, he was re-elected for a second term and for a third term in 2019. Ogawa was born in Fukuoka, Japan.

In September 2021, Ogawa resigned after being diagnosed with terminal lung cancer. He died from the disease on 2 November 2021 in Fukuoka, aged 72.

## References
Sabah Fakhri

**Sabah al-Din Abu Qaws** (), also known as **Sabah Fakhri** (; May 2, 1933 – November 2, 2021), was a Syrian tenor singer. He was well known for his strong vocals. His songs were seen as Maqamat and harmonic.

In 1998, Fakhri became a member of the Syrian parliament.

## Works
* *Yā Hādī al-‘Ess* / *Mālek Yā Ḥelwa(t) Mālek*
* *Khamrat el-Ḥobb*
* *Yā Ṭīra(t) Ṭīrī*
* *Fōg el-Nakhal* (Iraqi song)
* *’Adduka al-Mayāss*
* *Yā Māl el-Shām*
* *Muwashshaḥ Imlīlī* / *Yā Shādī el-Alḥān*
* *Eba‘atlī Jawwāb*
* *Ah Yā Ḥelō*

## References
Viktor Putyatin

**Viktor Putyatin** (; 12 September 1941 – 2 November 2021) was a Soviet fencer. He won silver medals in the team foil events at the 1968 and 1972 Summer Olympics. Putyatin was born in Kharkiv, Ukrainian SSR, Soviet Union.

Putyatin died in Kyiv, Ukraine on 2 November 2021, aged 80.

## References