open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Benzaiten

**Benzaiten**  is the Japanese name of the Hindu goddess Saraswati. Worship of Benzaiten started in Japan in the 6th to 8th centuries, mainly through the Chinese translations of the *Sutra of Golden Light *.

Her Sanskrit name is "Sarasvatî Devî", which means "flowing water". This is why Benzaiten is the goddess of everything that flows: water, words, speech, and music. The characters used to write her name showed her as the goddess of eloquence. Because of the Sutra of Golden Light, in Japan she became a protector of the people. Lastly, she became one of the Seven Lucky Gods.

She has a shrine on the Island of Enoshima in Sagami Bay, about 50 kilometers south of Tokyo; and a five-headed dragon and her are the main people in the Enoshima Engi, a history of the shrines on Enoshima written by the Japanese Buddhist monk Kokei (皇慶). According to Kokei, Benzaiten is the third daughter of the dragon-king of Munetsuchi (無熱池; literally "lake without heat"), the lake which is at the center of the world in an ancient Buddhist view.

## Other websites
* A Study of the Enoshima Engi 
* Sacred Texts account of Benzaiten

## Sources
*Japan and Indian Asia by Hajime Nakamura. Publisher: Firma KLM, 1961. Publication date: 1961
*India and Japan: A Study in interaction during 5th cent - 14th century – By Upendra Thakur.
Warren (domestic)

A **domestic warren** is an artificial enclosed establishment of animal husbandry that is used for the raising of domestic rabbits for meat and fur.  

There used to be a clear distinction between free warren and domestic warren, but it is nearly all gone. People even speak of a "prairie dog warren."  

## Other websites 
* Description of mounds, etc. 

## References
Purchasing power parity

There are two ways to measure GDP (total income of a country) of different countries and compare them. One way, called GDP at exchange rate, is when the currencies of all countries are converted into USD (United States Dollar). The second way is GDP (PPP) or GDP at **purchasing power parity** (**PPP**).

## PPP 
### Uses 
Purchasing power parity (PPP) is measured by finding the values (in USD) of a basket of consumer goods that are present in each country (such as pineapple juice, pencils, etc.). If that basket costs $100 in the US and $200 in the United Kingdom, then the purchasing power parity exchange rate is 1:2.

### Examples 
For example, suppose that Japan has a higher GDP per capita (US$18) than the US (US$16). This means that the average Japanese person makes $2 more than the average American. However, this does not necessarily imply that the Japanese are more affluent. Suppose that one gallon of orange juice costs $6 in Japan, and $2 in the US, i.e. $6 buys a good in Japan that can be purchased in the US for $2. 1 gallon of orange juice is taken as a reference good in this example. Simply, 1 gallon of orange juice can be bought in Japan, versus 3 gallons in America, with an equivalent amount of money. We can calculate a PPP index for Japan vs. the US equal to 1/3.  According to orange juice prices, Americans have stronger purchasing power, or are able to buy more value with their money. The US has a PPP-adjusted GDP of $16, which has not changed since it is the reference currency. Japan's GDP, however, is only $6 when adjusted for PPP. This is calculated by multiplying Japan's unadjusted GDP by the PPP index. In reality, a much wider range of goods that includes much more than just orange juice is taken to calculate the PPP index, so that it accurately reflects the average cost of living. 

For instance, if a hamburger costs $5 in the United States and £4 in the United Kingdom, the PPP exchange rate would be 1 USD to 0.8 GBP. This rate might differ significantly from the market exchange rate, which is influenced by various factors beyond just the cost of goods.

### The History of PPP 
The concept of Purchasing Power Parity dates back to the 16th century but gained prominence in the 20th century, particularly after the Bretton Woods Agreement. Economists like Gustav Cassel popularized it as a way to understand currency value and exchange rates based on economic fundamentals rather than speculative markets.

## The Formula Behind Purchasing Power Parity 
The basic formula used in a Purchasing Power Parity Calculator
Burrow

comes out of its burrow]]
 limestone, southern Israel]]

A **burrow** is a hole or tunnel in the ground made by an animal. Animals dig burrows to live in. Sometimes animals only use burrows for a short time. Many animals dig burrows.

There are many different kinds of burrows. Different kinds of animals make different kinds of burrows. Lots of mammals make burrows. Some mammals that make burrows are moles, gophers, groundhogs, rabbits, meerkats, and kangaroo mice. The biggest mammal that makes a burrow is the polar bear.

Other kinds of animals that make burrows are: mammals, amphibians, fish (lungfish), crustaceans, reptiles, birds, small dinosaurs, insects, spiders, sea urchins, crustaceans, clams, and worms.

Burrows can be made in different materials. Kangaroo mice make burrows in sand. Termites make burrows in wood. Some sea urchins and clams make burrows in rock. Burrows can also be make in different shapes and sizes. Some burrows are simple tubes a few centimeters long. Others are many tunnels and rooms that connect to each other.

Sometimes a burrow has a special name when it is made by a certain kind of animal. For example, a rabbit's burrow is called a *warren*.

## References
Burrow (disambiguation)

A **burrow** is a hole made by an animal.

**Burrow** can also mean:
*Burrow (Shropshire), a hill in Shropshire, England
* "The Burrow" (short story), a short story by Franz Kafka
* The Burrow, residence of the Weasley family in the *Harry Potter* book series
* FAU Arena or The Burrow, the Florida Atlantic University Arena

## People with the family name Burrow
*James Burrow, a Gentleman well versed in Natural and Mathematical knowledge
*Sharan Burrow, Australian union official
*Taj Burrow, Australian surfer
*Thomas Burrow, orientalist, Professor of Sanskrit at Oxford

## Related pages
*Burro, a donkey
*Borough
Meride

**Meride** was a municipality of the district Mendrisio in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland. On 14 April 2013, the former municipalities of Besazio, Ligornetto and Meride merged into the municipality of Mendrisio.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Official website
Tokyo Juliet

***Tokyo Juliet*** (or **東方茱麗葉** in Chinese) is a 2006 Taiwanese dramatic television series. It stars Ariel Lin and Wu Zun of the band Fahrenheit. The series is based on the manga of the same name by Miyuki Kitagawa.

## Cast
*Ariel Lin 林瀨穗 Lin Lai Sui
*Wu Chun as 紀風亮 Ji Feng Liang
*Simon Yam as 褚形 Chu Xing
*Tang Zhi Ping as Ai Li Ou
*Huang Hong Sheng as 陸一彌 Lu Yi Mi
*Kagami Tomohisa as 克行 Ke Xing
*Lu Jia Xin as Gan Li Sha
*Cai Shu Zhen as Gao Gang Quan
*Cai Yi Zhen as 裴美子 Pei Mei Zi (Pei Mitsu)
*Wu Jun Qiang as Guang Xi
Magick

**Magick** is an old way to spell the word "magic". It appears in texts as early as 1704, in The History of Lapland. This spelling was used by Aleister Crowley for occult magic of Thelema. He wanted to make it clear that he did not mean stage magic.

Crowley defined magick as "the art and science of causing change to occur in conformity with the will."  By this, he included ordinary acts of will as well as acts of ritual magic.
Left Hand Path

***Left Hand Path*** is a term used in occultism for one kind of spiritual path. It is the opposite of the ***Right Hand Path***, which is what most people think of when they think of religion or spirituality.

The use of this term in occultism came from a term used in Hindu Tantra, *Vama marga* in Sanskrit. This ancient form of tantra used the breaking of rules (taboos) as part of the practice. Rules about diet and sex were broken on purpose. For example, rules against eating meat and drinking alcohol might be broken. Such a practice might require eating meat and drinking alcohol while having sex in a graveyard or cremation ground.

People who follow the Left Hand Path in the West are not interested in giving up pleasure or the world in order to be spiritual. They are not interested in worshiping God or following rules made up by others. They seek to gain power and freedom by breaking through taboos, fears and restrictions.

Many people link this term with Satanism and black magic, but they are not the same. The Left Hand Path is sometimes described as *amoral*.

## Related pages
* Thelema
* The Satanic Bible

## References 
* Evans, Dave. *The History of British Magic After Crowley*. Hidden Publishing, 2007. 
* Grant, Kenneth. *Cults of the Shadow*. London: Muller, 1975.
* Hine, Phil. *Black magic and the left-hand path *.
Dolmen

, Ireland]]
, India]]

A **dolmen** is a type of single-chamber megalithic tomb. It usually consists of three or more upright stones (megaliths) supporting a large flat horizontal capstone (table). 

Most date from the early Neolithic period (4000 BC to 3000 BC). Dolmens were usually covered with earth or smaller stones to form a barrow, though in many cases that covering has weathered away, leaving only the stone "skeleton" of the burial mound intact.

## Notes
Twice-cooked pork

]]
**Twice-cooked pork** (, literally: *meat that has been returned to the wok*) is probably the best-known Sichuan-style Chinese dish. Twice-cooked pork is cooked by boiling pork rib steak chunks in hot water with slices of ginger and salt first, then after being cut into thin slices, the pork is put back into a wok and shallow-fried in hot oil.

## Legend 
Twice-cooked pork is said to have started in the Qing Dynasty, while the Qianlong Emperor toured Sichuan. Qianlong wanted a feast at every stop that he made, and, when he arrived at one particular village, the villagers were very worried. The crops had not been harvesting well that year and there may not have been enough to host the emperor. They were worried that the emperor would do bad things to them if they did not give him a feast, so they quickly put the food they had not yet eaten back into the pot, cooked it again (thus "twice-cooking" them) and served the food to the emperor. To their surprise, the emperor enjoyed it, and so the "Twice Cooked Pork" became a famous Sichuan dish.

## Types
Common vegetables to add to twice-cooked pork are cabbage, peppers and garlic shoots. *Pixian*, a thick broad-bean sauce, is also a common ingredient.
Wu Chun

**Wu Chun** (traditional Chinese: 吳尊; simplified Chinese: 吴尊; pinyin: Wú Zūn) is a Brunei-born actor and singer. He is the only non-Taiwanese member of the boy band Fahrenheit. He is also known for his roles in the Taiwanese TV shows Hanazakarino Kimitachihe and Tokyo Juliet.

## Biography
Born **Goh Kiat Chun** (traditional Chinese: 吳吉俊; Pinyin: *Wú Jí Jùn*) in Brunei on 10 October 1979, Wu studied at the Chung Hwa Middle School in Bandar Seri Begawan. He later graduated from the RMIT University in Melbourne with a Bachelor's degree in Business Administration. Wu also played basketball for Brunei's national team . Before joining Fahrenheit (band), he was a model for *伊林 Yi Lin* in Taiwan and for *Diva Models* in Singapore. He manages a gym club called Fitness Zone  in Brunei.

## Television roles
## Fahrenheit
Wu was the last and oldest member to join Fahrenheit (band). He is the bass vocalist of the group. He also plays the drums. His personality is represented by a cool Autumn at 59 degrees on the Fahrenheit scale. He also represented by the word "Mysterious" (traditional Chinese: 神; Pinyin: shén).

## References
## Other websites 
* **Chinese** H.I.M International Music
* **Japanese** Fahrenheit: Official Japan Site
* Wu Zun's Blog
Joseph

**Joseph** could mean:

*Joseph (name)
**Joseph (Hebrew Bible), father of important Hebrew tribes, the favored son of Jacob
*Saint Joseph, husband of Mary, the mother of Jesus.
*Joseph Conrad, Polish-British writer.
*Józef Piłsudski, the first Marshal of Poland.
*Joseph Smith, Jr., founder of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
* Joseph Stalin, General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union's Central Committee from 1922 until his death in 1953
* Joseph Bonaparte, king of Sicily and Naples and later king of Spain
Yi

**Yi** may mean:
* *In China*:
** Dong Yi, ancient people who lived in the east of China.
** Hou Yi, a heroic figure from Chinese mythology.
** Si Ma Yi, grandfather of Emperor Wu of Jìn.
** The Pinyin pronunciation for the Mandarin word for "one."
** Wu Yi, Vice Premier of China
** Yi (drinkware), the ancient Chinese drinkware.
** Yi (nationality), an ethnic group of China.
** Yi Jian Lian, a Chinese NBA basketballer.
** 宜瀏 Yi Liu, a dialect of the Gan language of Jiangxi.
** Yi script, the writing of Yi.
* *In Korea*:
** The Korean pronunciation of the Chinese name Li or Lee.
** Yi I, a Korean Confucian scholar.
** Yi Sun Sin, a Korean admiral.
* In Ukraine
** Yi (Cyrillic), written as Ї or ї, a letter of the Ukrainian alphabet.
* In Uruguay
** Yi River, a river in Uruguay.

**Yi (dinosaur)*, the dinosaur with the shortest name.
Joseph (name)

**Joseph** [ **joh**-z*uh*f, -s*uh*f ] is a name from Hebrew language, written as . This is pronounced in standard Hebrew as Yosef, and in Tiberian Hebrew and Aramaic as . In Arabic the name is spelled  or Yūsuf. The name can be translated from Hebrew as "the lord will increase." The name Joseph is used mostly in English and French-speaking countries. Some shortened versions and nicknames of Joseph include Joe, Joey and Jo. From 1925 to 1972 it was one of the top ten boys' names in the United States. This name was ranked #28 on the US Popular Names in 2021.

## People known as Joseph
### Royalty
* Joseph I, Holy Roman Emperor
* Joseph II of Austria
* Franz Joseph I of Austria
* Joseph I of Portugal, King of Portugal
* Joseph, Prince of Brazil
* Joseph, General Inquisitor (1720–1801) – a natural son of King John V of Portugal, one of the Children of Palhavã.
* Joseph Bonaparte, King of Spain, King of Naples
* Maximilian III Joseph, Elector of Bavaria
* Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria, King of Bavaria
* Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin, leader of the Soviet Union from 1924 to 1953

### Biblical figures
* Saint Joseph, husband of Mary the mother of Jesus (according to Christian doctrine)
* Joseph, Old Testament Biblical figure in the book of Genesis
* Joseph of Arimathea, secretive disciple of Jesus

### Other
* Joe Biden, Vice President of the United States of America
* Chief Joseph, Nez Perce tribal leader
* Joseph Cook, Prime Minister of Australia

## References
Burrow (Shropshire)

**Burrow** is a hill in Shropshire with an Iron Age hill fort at the top that is known as **Burrow Camp**. The nearest villages are Hopesay and Aston-on-Clun.  It was possibly very important during the Iron Age as it has two natural springs.
Warren

**Warren** could mean:

## Animal husbandry and related
### Animal husbandry
* Warren (domestic), a rabbitry for the breeding and raising of domestic rabbits.  *Warren* is also used for rabbit or hare burrows in the wild.

### Forest law
* Warren (free) ("Free warren"), a type of hunting franchise under the Anglo-Norman *Forest law*

### Metaphor
* In metaphoric use, *warren* refers to a tight agglomeration of inferior accommodations, such as a slum.

## People
* Warren G. Harding, 29th President of the United States
* Warren Beatty, American actor
* Warren Christopher, former Secretary of State of the United States
* Warren E. Burger, former Chief Justice of the Supreme Court
* Warren Buffett, American businessman and entrepreneur 
* Warren Hastings, first Governor-General of India
* Warren Zevon, American singer and musician
* Warren Truss, Australian politician

## Other
* Warren abstract machine, a Prolog (software) engine
* Warren Commission, which investigated the assassination of John F. Kennedy
* Warren Cup, a Roman antiquity
* Warren's Gate, an archaeological site
* Warren's Skipper, a type of butterfly
* Warren Wagon Train Raid, historic incident in Texas
Marilyn (hill)

A **Marilyn** is a mountain or hill in the British Isles (including Ireland) with a relative height of at least 150 metres (492 ft). The name was coined as an ironic contrast to the designation Munro, that is used of a Scottish mountain with a height of more than 3,000&nbsp;feet, which is homophonous with (Marilyn) Monroe.

There are currently 1556 Marilyns identified in Great Britain and surrounding islands: 1218 in Scotland, 174 in England, 159 in Wales and 5 on the Isle of Man. 

Many of the largest hills are Marilyns, including Ben Nevis, Scafell Pike and Snowdon. On the other hand, many large hills, including some Munros, and other well-known hills are not Marilyns because they do not meet the relative height criterion, like Scafell, Bow Fell in the Lake District and four thousand footers Cairngorm and Aonach Mor in Scotland.

## Other websites
* Marilyn News Centre
* Lakes24 24 Marilyns in 24 hours in the English Lake District
Munro

in winter]]
A **Munro** is a Scottish mountain with a height over 3,000&nbsp;feet (914.4 metres). They are named after Sir Hugh Munro (1856–1919), who produced the first attempt at a catalogue of such hills, known as ''Munro's Tables'', in 1891.

Munro did not set any measure of relative height by which a peak qualified as a separate mountain, and much debate has since taken place over how distinct two hills must be if they are to be considered as two separate Munros.

Despite their modest height, walking and climbing in the Scottish mountains may be made dangerous by their latitude and exposure to Atlantic weather systems. Even in summer, conditions can be very bad; thick fog, strong winds, driving rain and freezing summit temperatures are not unusual.

Winter  of certain Munros are widely accepted to provide among the most challenging ice climbs in Europe. Some walkers are unprepared for the often extreme weather conditions on the exposed tops and many fatalities are recorded every year, often resulting from slips on wet rock or ice.

## Other websites
*Scottish Mountaineering Club official Munros page , including completionists.
*MunroMagic – details and route descriptions for all Munros. (Some content requires registration.)
*The Munros and Tops 1891-1997  - Spreadsheet showing changes in successive versions of Munro's Tables.
Roy Keane

**Roy Maurice Keane** (born 10 August 1971 in Mayfield, Cork, Republic of Ireland) is a former Irish football player. He was the manager of English Championship club Ipswich Town. He played for Republic of Ireland national team. Keane played for Manchester United for twelve years and won numerous trophies. He was also captain of the team from 1997 to 2005.

## Career statistics
### Club
### International
:''Scores and results list Republic of Ireland's goal tally first, score column indicates score after each Keane goal''

## Managerial statistics
## Honours
### As a player
**Nottingham Forest**
*Full Members' Cup: 1991–92

**Manchester United**
*Premier League: 1993–94, 1995–96, 1996–97, 1998–99, 1999–2000, 2000–01, 2002–03
*FA Cup: 1993–94, 1995–96, 1998–99, 2003–04
*FA Community Shield: 1993, 1996, 1997, 2003
*UEFA Champions League: 1998–99
*Intercontinental Cup: 1999

**Celtic**
*Scottish Premier League: 2005–06
*Scottish League Cup: 2005–06

**Individual**

*PFA Team of the Year: 1992–93 Premier League, 1996–97 Premier League, 1999–2000 Premier League, 2000–01 Premier League, 2001–02 Premier League
*PFA Team of the Century: (1907–2007)
**Team of the Century 1997–2007
**Overall Team of the Century
*FAI Young International Player of the Year: 1993, 1994
*FAI Senior International Player of the Year: 1997, 2001
*Premier League Player of the Month: October 1998, December 1999
*RTÉ Sports Person of the Year: 1999
*FWA Footballer of the Year: 2000
*PFA Players' Player of the Year: 2000
*ESM Team of the Year: 1999–2000
*Premier League 10 Seasons Awards: (1992–93 to 2001–02)
**Overseas Team of the Decade
*English Football Hall of Fame: 2004
*FIFA 100
*Premier League 20 Seasons Awards: (1992–93 to 2011–12):
**Fantasy Teams of the 20 Seasons (Panel choice)
*Premier League Hall of Fame: 2021

### As a manager
**Sunderland**
*Football League Championship: 2006–07

**Individual**
*Football League Championship Manager of the Month: February 2007, March 2007
*LMA Championship Manager of the Year: 2006–07

## References
Rainbow body

The **rainbow body** in Buddhism is a body that is made of light, not flesh. The term is mostly used in the part of Tibetan Buddhism called Dzogchen.

According to Dzogchen, the rainbow body is a sign of complete mastery of the Dzogchen view. Tenzin Wangyal Rinpoche states: “The realized Dzogchen practitioner, no longer deluded by apparent substantiality or dualism such as mind and matter, releases the energy of the elements that compose the physical body at the time of death”.

Padmasambhava, who was the founder of Buddhism in Tibet, is often shown with the rainbow body on paintings known as thangkas.

## Notes 
## References 
* Blackman, Sushila (Compiled and edited) (1997). *Graceful Exits:  How Great Beings Die:  Death Stories Of Tibetan, Hindu & Zen Masters*. New York, USA:  Weatherhill, Inc.  
* Namkhai Norbu Rinpoche (Edited by John Shane) (1988).  *The Crystal and the Way of Light.*. Routledge & Kegan Paul. 
* Namkhai Norbu Rinpoche (1999). *The Crystal and The Way of Light: Sutra, Tantra and Dzogchen*. Snow Lion Publications. 
* Reynolds, John Myrdhin (1996). *The Golden Letters*. (1st ed edition). Snow Lion Publications. 
* Sogyal Rinpoche; Harvey, Andrew (Editor) & Gaffney, Patrick (Editor)(1993). *Tibetan Book of Living and Dying*. (Rev and Updated ed.). HarperSanFrancisco. 
* Tenzin Wangyal Rinpoche (2002). *Healing with Form, Energy, and Light*. Ithaca, New York: Snow Lion Publications. 

## Other websites 
* Images of Rainbow Body
Tara

**Tara** could mean:

*Tara (Buddhism), a female deity representing enlightened activity and fearlessness
*Tara (Polynesian goddess), a beautiful sea goddess 
*In Hinduism:
**Tara (Devi), a Mahavidya of Mahadevi, Kali or Parvati. 
**Another name for Taraka, the second wife of Brihaspati
**Tara (Ramayana), the wife of the monkey king Vali, who married Vali's brother and successor, Sugriva, after Vali's death
Terpsitone

The **terpsitone** was an electronic musical instrument invented by Léon Theremin. It consisted of a platform fitted with antennas, through and around which a dancer would control the musical performance. By most accounts, the instrument was nearly impossible to play. 

Theremin only built three of these instruments. Only the last one, made by Theremin in 1978 for Lydia Kavina, still exists today.

## Related pages
*Theremin

## References
*Mason, C. P. (1936). Theremin “Terpsitone” A New Electronic Novelty in *Radio Craft*, Dec. 1936, p.&nbsp;365
*Saggini, Valerio (2004). The Last Terpsitone on Earth
Theremin

The **Theremin** , (also **thereminvox** or **aetherphone**) is one of the first fully electronic musical instruments. It was invented by Russian inventor Léon Theremin in October 1920 after the outbreak of the Russian civil war. Its invention grew out of a search for ways to detect movement. It was the first musical instrument to be played without being touched. The control section has two metal antennae to sense the positions of the player's hands. One hand controls the pitch. The other hand controls the volume. To play the theremin, the player moves his hands around the two metal antennas. The electric signals from the theremin are amplified and sent to a loudspeaker.

The sound of the theremin is associated with "alien," surreal, and eerie-sounding portamento, glissando, tremolo, and vibrato sounds. It has been used in film soundtracks such as *Spellbound*, *The Lost Weekend*, *Ed Wood*, *Mars Attacks!* and *The Day the Earth Stood Still*. The BBC Radiophonic Workshop used the theramin to provide the electronic sounds in demand in the mid-century. Theremins are also used in art music (especially avant-garde and 20th century "new music") and in popular music genres such as rock and pop. The Russian Dmitri Shostakovich was one of the first to include parts for the theremin in orchestral pieces, including a use in his score for the 1931 film *Odna*.

## Related pages
* Terpsitone

## References 
## Other websites 
* oddmusic.com theremin page
* TECI: Theremin Enthusiasts Club International
* Theremin.info 
* Clara Rockmore playing "The Swan" (Saint-Saëns)
* Dr. Samuel Hoffman, Hollywood's premiere thereminist
* Art's Theremin Page : Complete construction plans for solid state and vacuum tube theremins
Tara (Buddhism)

**Tārā** or **Ārya Tārā**, also known as **Jetsun Dolma** in Tibetan, is a female Buddha linked with Buddhist tantra practice in Tibetan Buddhism. She is called the "mother of liberation". She stands for success in work and achievements. 

Tārā is a tantric deity whose practice is used by followers of the Tibetan branch of Vajrayana Buddhism to develop their inner qualities and understand outer, inner and secret teachings about compassion  and emptiness.  Tārā is not found in the Japanese branch of Vajrayana Buddhism, Shingon.

There is more than one form of *Tārā*. They have to do with different forms of the same quality. Bodhisattvas are often considered metaphors for Buddhist virtues.

The most widely known forms of Tārā are:

* Green Tārā, known as the Buddha of enlightened activity
* White Tārā, also known for compassion, long life, healing and serenity; also known as The Wish-fulfilling Wheel, or Cintachakra
* Red Tārā, of fierce aspect associated with magnetizing all good things
* Black Tārā, associated with power
* Yellow Tārā, associated with wealth and prosperity
* Blue Tārā, associated with transmutation of anger
* Cittamani Tārā, a form of Tārā widely practiced at the level of Highest Yoga Tantra in the Gelug School of Tibetan Buddhism, portrayed as green and often conflated with Green Tārā
* Khadiravani Tārā (Tārā of the teak forest), who appeared to Nagarjuna in the Khadiravani forest of South India and who is sometimes referred to as the "22nd Tārā."

In some schools of Buddhism there are twenty-one Tārās. A practice text with the title *In Praise of the 21 Tārās* is recited during the morning in all four sects of Tibetan Buddhism.

The main Tārā chant or mantra is *Oṃ tāre tuttāre ture svāhā*. This Sanskrit mantra is pronounced by Tibetans and Buddhists who follow the Tibetan traditions as *Oṃ tāre tu tāre ture soha*.
Topographic prominence

**Topographic prominence** is a way to measure the independence of a summit. It is often known simply as **prominence**. Some also call it **autonomous height**, **relative height**, **shoulder drop** (in the United States), or **prime factor** (in Europe). It is "the elevation difference between the summit and the lowest contour line encircling it and no higher summit".

Two related concepts in topography are **col** and **parent peak**. These are used to calculate the prominence. The parent peak is a higher mountain that is often (but not always) nearby. It is chosen using a variety of . The **col** is the lowest point between two peaks. There may be several cols between a peak and its parent peak, since other peaks may be between the two. The highest of these cols is known as the **key col**. Prominence is measured as the difference in height between the summit and the key col.

## Related pages 
*List of mountain peaks by prominence
*Topography
*Topographic isolation

### Lists 
*List of mountain peaks by prominence
*List of Ultras of Canada
*List of Ultras of Mexico

## References 
## Other websites 
*peaklist.org, a website about mountain prominence, with lists and maps
*Edward Earl’s article on Topographic Prominence
*Mountain Hierarchy using Prominence Islands
East Azarbaijan province

**East Azarbaijan** or **East Azerbaijan** (, *Āzarbāijān-e Sharqi*; ) is one of the 30 provinces of Iran. It is in the northwest of the country. It has borders with Armenia and the Republic of Azerbaijan, and the provinces of Ardabil, West Azarbaijan, and Zanjan. Its capital is Tabriz.

## References
## Other websites
Chappelle's Show

'''''Chappelle's Show''''' is an American comedy television series starring comedian Dave Chappelle. The show was created by Chappelle and Neal Brennan. It aired from 2003–2006 on Comedy Central. The show ran for two complete seasons plus three "lost episodes".

## Other websites 
*
West Azerbaijan province

**West Azarbaijan** or **West Azerbaijan** (, *Āzarbāijān-e Gharbī*; ; ) is one of the 30 provinces of Iran.

The province of West Azarbaijan covers an area of 39,487&nbsp;km² (or 43,660&nbsp;km² including Lake Urmia). The capital city of the province is Urmia. The majority of the population of the province consists of Azerbaijanis and Kurds.

## References 
## Other websites
Azerbaijan (disambiguation)

**Azarbaijan** or **Azerbaijan** can mean:
* Republic of Azerbaijan, a country in Asia
* East Azarbaijan, a province in Iran
* West Azarbaijan, a province in Iran
Naomi Watts

**Naomi Ellen Watts** (born 28 September 1968) is an English actress. She played Rachel Keller in the horror movie *The Ring* (2002) and Ann Darrow in *King Kong* (2005).

## Personal life 
On June 9, 2023, Watts married actor Billy Crudup.

## Notable roles 
## References 
## Other websites 
*
Fukurokuju

In Japan, **Fukurokuju** (福禄寿) (From Japanese *fuku*, which means "happiness"; *roku*, which means "richness"; and *ju*, which means "long life") is one of the Seven Lucky Gods. He looks a lot like the Chinese star god Shou. Some people think that before becoming a god, he was a Chinese hermit and a reincarnation of a Taoist god. 

Usually shown as being bald, with long whiskers, people say he is a living form of the Southern Polestar. In many pictures, Fukurokuju has a strangely high forehead. He stands with a crane and a turtle, which are symbols of long life. He is also sometimes with a black deer. Ancient legends say a deer turns black if it is over 2000 years old.

He is the only member of the Seven Lucky Gods with the ability to bring the dead back to life.

## References 
* Ashkenazi, Michael. Handbook of Japanese Mythology.ABC-CLIO, 2003.
Yulia Tymoshenko

**Yulia Volodymyrivna Tymoshenko** (, born 27 November 1960), is a Ukrainian politician. Tymoshenko is a member of the Verkhovna Rada since 2014. She is the leader of the Yulia Tymoshenko Bloc political party. She was the Prime Minister of Ukraine for two separate terms in 2005 and again from 2007 until 2010. 

## Political career
Her first term as Prime Minister was from 24 January to 8 September 2005. She was re-elected on 18 December 2007 but was removed by the Ukrainian Parliament on 3 March 2010 after the government with her own political party and the political party of Viktor Yushchenko (former President of Ukraine) Our Ukraine and the small Lytvyn Bloc lost a no-confidence vote.

### Presidential campaigns
In February 2010 Tymoshenko lost the presidential election to Viktor Yanukovych; with a 3.48% difference, she said Yanukovych won because of fraud. She has promised to make life for the new President as difficult as possible. She had been in prison for improper behaviour in court since 5 August 2011. she said the sentence was an act of revenge by Viktor Yanukovych (he has said it is not). The European Union and Russia protested against the sentence.

## Personal life
Tymoshenko was born in Dnipro, Ukrainian SSR, Soviet Union. She studied at Dnipro Polytechnic, Oles Honchar Dnipro National University and Kyiv National Economic University.

Tymoshenko's first name is sometimes spelled Yuliya, Yulia, Iulia, or Julia. In 1979, she married businessman Oleksandr Tymoshenko. They have a daughter, businesswoman Eugenia.

## References
## Other websites 
* Yulia Tymoshenko personal site  Official personal site of Yulia Tymoshenko
Danish krone

The **Danish krone** is the money used in Denmark and Greenland. 100 *øre* are 1 *krone*. It first became the national currency in 1873 when it replaced the "rigsdaler". Krone is the Danish word for crown. The plural of krone is kroner.

## References 
## Other websites
* Banknotes of Denmark
Eurofighter Typhoon

Typhoon]]

The **Eurofighter Typhoon** is a jet fighter aircraft made by EADS, BAE Systems and Alenia Aeronautica with Eurofighter GmbH.  It first flew in 1994 and was introduced in 2003. It is called the "Eurofighter" because it was made by European countries, Italy, the United Kingdom, Germany, and Spain.

## Specification 
The Typhoon is 11 meters (36 feet) wide, 15 meters (49 feet) long, and 5.3 metres (17&nbsp;ft) tall. It is 9,750 kilograms (21,495&nbsp;lb) with nothing in it, and can weigh up to 21,000 kilograms (46,300&nbsp;lb) with things in it.  It has two EJ200 engines, which can each make 20,000 pounds (9,072 kilograms) of thrust each, and can go 2,125 kilometres per hour (1,320&nbsp;mph).  It carries a 27mm Mauser gun, and several missiles and bombs.

## References
Flag of Denmark

The **Flag of Denmark**, the ***Dannebrog*** is red with a white Scandinavian cross. It is the oldest flag in the entire world.

The flag is supposed to have fallen from the sky during a battle in 1219 in Estonia. The Danes were about to lose the battle when this sign from above gave the warriors new energy, and made them win. 

In reality the Dannebrog of 1219 was most likely a crusade banner - the war in 1219 was a crusade against the Estonians, who were not Christians. 

The battle took place in the 15th of June, and every year the flags birthday is celebrated on this day. 

In some countries the flag is a symbol of the state. In Denmark the Dannebrog is very much a symbol of the people, and the flag is used for all kinds of private celebrations - such as birthdays, weddings and Christmas. For Danes the Dannebrog is a sign of happiness and celebration and not of patriotism.
Monteggio

**Monteggio** was a municipality in Lugano in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland. On 18 April 2021, the former municipalities of Croglio, Monteggio, Ponte Tresa and Sessa merged to form the new municipality of Tresa.

## References 
## Other websites 
*Official website
Morcote

**Morcote** is a municipality of the district Lugano in the Swiss canton of Ticino. It is on the shore of Lake Lugano, about  from Lugano in the district of Lugano.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Official Site of Morcote
Mosogno

**Mosogno** was a municipality of the district Locarno in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland. On 10 April 2016, the former municipalities of Gresso, Isorno, Mosogno and Vergeletto merged to form the municipality of Onsernone.

## References 
## Other websites
Muggio

**Muggio** was a municipality of the district Mendrisio in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland. On 25 October 2009, the former municipalities of Bruzella, Cabbio, Caneggio, Morbio Superiore, Muggio and Sagno merged into the new municipality of Breggia.

## References 
## Other websites
Muralto

**Muralto** is a municipality of the district  Locarno, in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Official website
Muzzano, Ticino

**Muzzano** is a municipality of the district Lugano, in the canton of Ticino, Switzerland. Lago di Muzzano is named after the village.

## References 
## Other websites
Yulia Tymoshenko Bloc

The **Yulia Tymoshenko Bloc** (; ) is a Ukrainian electoral alliance led by the politician Yulia Tymoshenko, current Prime Minister of Ukraine.

The alliance is especially popular in the West and Center of Ukraine but is also the only "Orange party" (Yulia Tymoshenko was an important player in the Orange Revolution) winning votes in the East and South of Ukraine where the Orange Revolution was not popular.
 votes per region for BYuT during the Ukrainian elections of 2007]]
The bloc consists of:
* All-Ukrainian Union "Fatherland" (Yulia Tymoshenko's party)
* Ukrainian Social Democratic Party
* Reforms and Order Party

## Other websites 
* Yulia Tymoshenko Bloc  Official site
* Yulia Tymoshenko personal site  Official personal site of Yulia Tymoshenko
Der er et yndigt land

"**Der er et yndigt land**" (, meaning "There is a Lovely Land") is one of the two national anthem of Denmark. The melody of this song was created by Hans Ernst Krøyer in 1835, and the words of the song were written by Adam Oehlenschläger in 1819.

Denmark has another national anthem called "Kong Christian stod ved højen mast," which is usually used for royal and military purposes.

## Lyrics
## References
Barrack (disambiguation)

**Barrack** can mean:

*Barracks, a type of military housing.
*Barrack (brandy), a Hungarian palinka brandy.
*Barrack (computer game), a computer game by Ambrosia Software.
*Barrack (Australian Rules Football), to vocalise ones support for their favourite football team.
## Related pages
*Barack Obama - the 44th President of the United States.
Robert Indiana

**Robert Indiana** (born as **Robert Clark**; September 13, 1928 &ndash; May 19, 2018) was an American artist. He was known for being a part of the pop art movement. He was born in New Castle, Indiana.

Indiana moved to New York City in 1954 and joined the pop art movement. Indiana's work often has bold, simple, iconic images, especially numbers and short words like "EAT", "HUG", and "LOVE". His sculpture in the lobby of Taipei 101, called *1-0* (2002, aluminum), uses multicolored numbers.

After the September 11, 2001 attacks, Indiana made a series of *Peace Paintings*, which were shown in New York in 2004.

Indiana died on May 19, 2018 in Vinalhaven, Maine of respiratory failure at the age of 89.

## LOVE
Indiana's best known image is the word *love* in upper-case letters, arranged in a square with a tilted letter *O*. This image was first created for a Christmas card for the Museum of Modern Art in 1964. It was put on an eight-cent US Postal Service postage stamp in 1973, the first of their regular series of "love stamps."

Sculptures of the image can be found at many places in the United States: 
*Sixth Avenue in New York City
*E W Fairchild-Martindale Library, Lehigh University Asa Packer Campus
*Pratt Institute campus in Brooklyn, New York
*Indianapolis Museum of Art, Indianapolis, Indiana
*Scottsdale's Civic Center
*"LOVE Park" in Philadelphia
*New Orleans Museum of Art's sculpture garden
*Middlebury College campus, Vermont 
*University of Pennsylvania campus, Philadelphia
*Museum of Art at Brigham Young University, Utah
*Ursinus College campus in Collegeville, Pennsylvania
*Pool area of the Red Rock Resort Spa and Casino in Las Vegas
* Wichita State University campus in Wichita, Kansas
* City Park in New Orleans, Louisiana

Sculptures of the image can also be found at many places outside of the United States:
*Taipei 101 in Taipei, Taiwan (also displays Indiana's *1-0*)
*Shinjuku I-LAND Tower in Office district of West Shinjuku in Tokyo, Japan
*Orchard Road in Singapore
*Plaza del Sagrado Corazón in Bilbao, Basque Country Spain
*Outside 1445 West Georgia Street in Vancouver, Canada
*Praca do Rossio in Lisbon, Portugal
* Hotel XIXe Siècle in Montreal, Canada
An Indiana sculpture showing the Hebrew word for love *(ahava)* is displayed at The Israel Museum in Jerusalem, Israel.

## References
Jacob Obrecht

**Jacob Obrecht** (born Ghent, 1457 or 1458; died late July, 1505) was a composer from the south Netherlands.  He was one of the greatest composers of his time.  He is best known for his church music, including many masses as well as motets and songs.

## His life
Obrecht's father was a trumpeter.  His mother died when he was about 2 years old and his father remarried.  We know nothing about Obrecht's musical education.  He may have learned to play the trumpet like his father, who worked for the Burgundian court.  Perhaps his father introduced him to people at the court, such as the famous composer Antoine Busnois.  He certainly must have known Busnois' music.

From 1480 to 1484 he was a choirmaster at Bergen-op-Zoom.  Then he got a very good job as choirmaster at Cambrai Cathedral. However, a year later he took another job in Bruges.  He wrote a lot of church music during his years in Bruges.  He travelled to Italy and went to the town of Ferrara where a lot of famous musicians worked.  He stayed there for several months.  This may have been the reason why he then lost his job in Bruges.  His next job was in Antwerp where he worked from 1492 to 1498.  He then got his old job back in Bruges.  From 1501 to 1503 he once again worked at Antwerp where he was choirmaster at the church of Our Lady.  In 1504 he got the job of maestro di cappella at Ferrara, but the following year he died of the plague.

## His reputation
Obrecht composed extremely quickly.  He is supposed to have written one of his masses in one night.  This was different to Josquin des Prez who spent a long time composing his pieces and making changes to them before he let anyone have copies.  Obrecht was influenced by the music of Busnois and Ockeghem.  Obrecht himself was a big influence on Josquin, even though Josquin was older than Obrecht.

In recent years musicologists have studied Obrecht's music a lot and made many discoveries, including the correct dates for many of his works.
Assassin's Creed

'''''Assassin's Creed''''' is an action-adventure video game developed by Ubisoft for the PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 consoles. It was released in November 2007. A PC version of the game was released in 2008.

The game started a franchise of graphic novels, comics, apparel as well as sequel games including Assassin's Creed II, Assassin's Creed: Brotherhood and more. The newest ones are Assassin's Creed: Unity and Assassin's Creed: Rogue, which were both release on November 11, 2014.
## Story summary
The story is about a bartender, Desmond Miles, who is kidnapped and placed in a machine, called an "Animus" (plural "Animi"), which reads genetic memories and puts them on a screen in 3D. Desmond is forced against his will to relive the memories of his ancestor Altaïr Ibn-La'Ahad (first name pronounced *Al-ti-ear*) who lived in during the Third Crusade. The player must play as Altaïr as he attempts to regain his status as a Master Assassin in the Assassin Order by taking nine Templar lives. The Assassins being the mortal enemy of the Templars who are wanting to 
use mind control in order to have complete control of society. The Assassins want to preserve free will, and with the gift of freedom creating tools like swords, crossbows, knives, axes, tomahawk, bow and arrow, AK-47, hidden blades, kill the Templars who  them with the government mind control. 
The Templars later own Abstergo industries.
While in modern day segments the player, as Desmond, must discover who Abstergo Industries (the company who kidnapped him) is, and why the Assassin's and Templars are fighting eachother. The story focuses on finding an object called a "Piece of Eden" which can control other people supernaturally.

## References
## Other websites
* Assassin's Creed UK site
* Assassin's Creed US site
Antoine Busnois

**Antoine Busnois** (pronounce "AN-twun bew-NWAH") (also spelt **Busnoys**) (born about 1430; died 6 November 1492) was a French composer and poet of the early Renaissance Burgundian School.  He wrote church music, such as motets, as well as secular (non-religious) chansons.  He was the most important composer of the late Burgundian school after the death of Guillaume Dufay.

## Life
We do not know where Busnois was born.  It might have been in the tiny village of Business in the Artois district.   Maybe he took his name from the village.

Nothing is known about his musical education.  We know that he got into trouble in 1461 because he was said to be in a group of people who beat up a priest on five occasions.  At that time he was a chaplain in Tours cathedral.  While the attack was being investigated he went to mass.  This led to him being excommunicated, but later the pope pardoned him.

In 1465 he moved from the cathedral to the collegiate church of St. Martin, also in Tours, where he became a subdeacon.  Johannes Ockeghem was treasurer there, and the two composers seem to have known each other well.  Later in 1465 Busnois moved to Poitiers, where he not only became "maîtrise" (master of the choirboys), but managed to get lots of good singers from the region.  By this time he was famous as a singing teacher and composer.  However he left the job for some reason in 1466 and then moved to Burgundy.

By 1467 Busnois was a composer at the court of Burgundy.  Soon Charles the Bold was on the throne.  Charles fought many wars, and sometimes took Busnois and other musicians on his military journeys.  In 1477 Charles was killed at the Battle of Nancy. Busnois continued to work for the Burgundian court until 1482.  Nothing is known about what he did after that.  He died in 1492.

## His music 
He was very well known as a composer and his music was sung in many parts of Europe. 
He was the probably the best-known musician in Europe between the time of Guillaume Dufay and Johannes Ockeghem.  

Busnois wrote sacred and secular music.  It is likely that a lot of his music is now lost.  Two of his masses and eight motets have survived.  The style of his music is somewhere between the simple homophonic music of Dufay and Binchois, and the more elaborate imitation of Josquin..

Busnois may have been the composer of the famous tune ''L'homme armé*, one of the most popular tunes of the Renaissance.  The tune was often used as a cantus firmus for mass composition.  He may have been the very first composer to write a mass based on *L'homme armé''.  This mass was a big influence on many composers.

Busnois is remembered today for many of his chansons (French secular songs).  Some of the tunes were used by later composers in their masses.

## References
*Groves online
Intellectual

An **intellectual** is a person who uses his or her intellect and critical thinking skills to work, study, reflect, or ask and answer questions about a wide variety of different ideas. Intellectuals are often times authors, artists, writers for newspapers, and college professors.

There are some people who do not like intellectuals because they are not traditional or practical. This is called "anti-intellectualism".

## Other websites 
*Intellectual checklist
Sinology

**Sinology** is studying Chinese language(s) and culture along with the connection and comparison between China and other Asian cultures. *Sino-* etimologically Greek *Σίνα*,  China, and -logy from *-λογία*,  *treatise*, *study*, *science*.
Patriarch

A **patriarch** was the head of an extended family, originally. 

Today, the word is mostly taken to have a meaning within Christianity. There, the word is used to refer to the highest-ranking Bishops of the respective churches, that is the Oriental Orthodox Church, the Eastern Orthodox Church, the Roman Catholic Church and the Assyrian Church of the East

## Related pages
*Patriarchy