open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
The Settlers of Catan

***The Settlers of Catan***, sometimes called ***Catan*** or ***Settlers*** for short, is a board game. The Settlers of Catan was designed by Klaus Teuber and first published in 1995 in Germany by Franckh-Kosmos Verlag (Kosmos) as ***Die Siedler von Catan***.  Three to four people play as settlers, each trying to build holdings while trading and getting resources.  Players get points as their settlements grow. The first player to reach a set number of points, usually 10, wins. The game and its many expansions are also published by Mayfair Games, Filosofia, Capcom, 999 Games, Κάισσα, and Devir.

*The Settlers of Catan* became one of the first German-style board games to become popular outside Europe. , more than 22 million copies in 30 languages had been sold.
The game involves a lot of strategy, while still being fairly easy to learn.

## Gameplay
 Indy 2003. This is one of many *Settlers of Catan* custom, extra-large boards seen during demonstrations and tournaments at Gen Con.]]
The players in the game represent settlers creating colonies on the island of Catan. Players build settlements, cities, and roads to connect them as they settle the island. The game board, which represents the island, is made out of tiles with six sides. (hexes) of different land types, which are laid out randomly at the beginning of each game. Newer editions of the game began to have a fixed layout in their manual, which has been proven by computer simulations to be fair. They recommend this to be used by beginners. In 2016, editions of the game were released with a conventional fixed layout board in this configuration. The hexes of these editions cannot be rearranged.

Teuber's original design was for a large game of exploration and development in a new land. Between 1993 and 1995 Teuber and Kosmos refined and simplified the game into its current form.  Unused mechanics from that design went on to be used in Teuber's following games, *Entdecker* and *Löwenherz.*  The game's first expansion, *Catan: Seafarers,* adds the concept of exploration, and the combined game (sometimes known as "New Shores") is probably the closest game to Teuber's original intentions.

## References
Marthe Cnockaert

**Marthe Mathilde Cnockaert** (28 October 1892 – 8 January 1966), later **Marthe McKenna**, was a Belgian nurse. She spied for the British forces after the First World War. She became a novelist and wrote over a dozen spy novels in addition to her memoirs.

## References
Tsukuyomi-no-Mikoto

**Tsukuyomi** (), or **Tsukuyomi-no-mikoto** (), is the god of the moon in Japanese mythology. He is the brother of Amaterasu, the goddess of the sun, and of Susanoo, the god of the sea and storms.

He killed Toyoukebime, the goddess of food. His sister Amaterasu was upset and said that she would stay away from him forever. That is why the sun is up during the day and the moon is up during night.

Both the *Kojiki* (c. 712 CE) and the *Nihon Shoki* (720 CE) agree in their description of Amaterasu as the daughter of the god Izanagi and as the elder sister of the moon goddess, Tsukuyomi, and of the storms and seas god, Susanoo.

## References;
Tom Dart

**Thomas J. Dart** (born May 25, 1962) is an American politician and police official. He is the Sheriff of Cook County, Illinois since 2007. A Democrat, he is the chief executive of the second largest such department in the United States after Los Angeles.

Dart was a member of the Illinois Senate from 1991 to 1993. From 1993 to 2003, he was a member of the Illinois House of Representatives.

Dart was the Democratic nominee for state treasurer of Illinois but lost to incumbent Republican Judy Baar Topinka.

Dart, who studied at Loyola University, lives in Mount Greenwood, Chicago.

## References
## Other websites
*Cook County Sheriff's Office
*Tom Dart biography
Betty Boop

**Betty Boop** is an animated cartoon character created by Max Fleischer. She originally appeared in the *Talkartoon* and *Betty Boop* movie series. They were produced by Fleischer Studios and released by Paramount Pictures. She has also been featured in comic strips and mass merchandising.

She is based on the singer and actress Helen Kane.

Betty Boop was described in a 1934 court case as: "combin[ing] in appearance the childish with the sophisticated—a large round baby face with big eyes and a nose like a button, framed in a somewhat careful coiffure, with a very small body of which perhaps the leading characteristic is the most self-confident little bust imaginable". 

She was first voiced by Margie Hines, but was popularly played by Mae Questel.

## References
Busy Philipps

**Elizabeth Jean** "**Busy**" **Philipps** (born June 25, 1979) is an  American actress, writer, producer, and director. She is known for her roles on the television series *Freaks and Geeks* (1999–2000), ''Dawson's Creek* (2001–03) and *ER* (2006–07), and for her role of Laurie Keller on the ABC series *Cougar Town* (2009–15).

Philipps was born in Oak Park, Illinois, but was raised in Scottsdale, Arizona.

Philipps has also appeared in movies, such as *The Smokers* (2000), *Home Room* (2002), *White Chicks* (2004), *Made of Honor* (2008), *He's Just Not That into You* (2009), *The Gift* (2015), and *I Feel Pretty* (2018). and voiced roles in *Nutri Ventures* English-dubbed role as Ben in several episodes, *Super Robot Monkey Team Hyperforce Go*, *American Dad*, *Fish Hooks''.

## Personal life
Philipps married screenwriter Marc Silverstein on June 16, 2007. They have two children: Birdie, born in 2008, and Cricket, born in 2013. They separated in February 2021.

## References
## Other websites
*
Jefferson County, Kentucky

**Jefferson County** is a county located in the U.S. state of Kentucky. As of the 2020 census, the population was 782,969. It is the most populous county in the state. Its county seat and largest city is Louisville, Kentucky.

## References
William Raborn

**William Francis Raborn, Jr.**, (June 8, 1905 &ndash; March 6, 1990) was the United States Director of Central Intelligence from April 28, 1965 to June 30, 1966. He was also a career United States Navy officer, who led the project to develop the Polaris missile system. He retired from the Navy in 1963 as a vice admiral.

## References
Leo Schwarz

**Leo Schwarz** (9 October 1931 – 26 November 2018) was a German Catholic figure. He was born in Braunweiler, Germany. Schwarz was from 1982 to 2006 the Roman Catholic auxiliary bishop in the diocese of Trier, and was bishop of Abbir Germaniciana.

Schwarz died on 26 November 2018 in Cologne, Germany from lymphoma at the age of 87.

## References
Snus

**Snus** is smokeless tobacco. It has been used in Sweden for almost a century. The name is a bit like the English snuff, but it is a different product. Snus is placed under the upper lip; snuff is inhaled into the nostrils.

## References
Hinds County, Mississippi

**Hinds County** is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2020 census, the population was 227,742. It is the most populous county in Mississippi. Its county seats are Raymond and Jackson, the state capital. The county was created in 1821. It is named for General Thomas Hinds, a hero of the Battle of New Orleans during the War of 1812.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Hinds County - Official website
Raymond, Mississippi

**Raymond** is a city in Hinds County, Mississippi, United States. As of the 2020 census, the city population was 1,960. Raymond is one of two county seats of Hinds County (along with Jackson) and is the home of the main campus of Hinds Community College.

## References
LeBreton Flats

**LeBreton Flats** is a 21-hectare (52 acres, 21,000 square meters) piece of undeveloped land in the center of Canada’s capital city, Ottawa.

The Great Fire of 1900 destroyed most of the land.

## References
Harrison County, Mississippi

**Harrison County** is a county found in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2020 census, the population was 208,621. It is the second-most populous county in Mississippi. Its county seats are Biloxi and Gulfport. The county is named after U.S. President William Henry Harrison.

## References
Max Fleischer

**Max Fleischer** (born **Majer Fleischer** ; July 19, 1883 – September 25, 1972) was a Polish-American animator, inventor, movie director and producer. He was born in Kraków, Poland. Fleischer was the head of Fleischer Studios. He was known for creating Koko the Clown, Betty Boop, Popeye, and Superman to the movie screen.

Fleischer died on September 25, 1972 in Los Angeles, California at the age of 89.

## References
Joni Eareckson Tada

**Joni Eareckson Tada** (born October 15, 1949) is an American evangelical Christian author and radio host. She is the founder of *Joni and Friends*, an organization "accelerating Christian ministry in the disability community". Tada was born in Baltimore, Maryland. Tada wrote of her life in her 1976 international best-selling autobiography, ''Joni: The unforgettable story of a young woman's struggle against quadriplegia & depression*.

## Career 
In November 2009, Tada signed an ecumenical statement known as the *Manhattan Declaration* calling on evangelicals, Catholics and Orthodox Christians to work towards changing laws which permit abortion.

Tada is a conference speaker. Her articles have been published in *Christianity Today*, *Today's Christian Woman*, *The War Cry* (Salvation Army), and newspapers around the world. Tada has appeared four times on *Larry King Live''.

## Personal life 
In 2010, Tada was diagnosed with breast cancer. She underwent a mastectomy and chemotherapy. Her treatment was successful and was declared cancer-free in 2015. In November 2018, Tada was diagnosed with malignant thyroid cancer.

## References
## Other websites
*
Cornu aspersum

***Cornu aspersum*** is the garden snail. They are often called a pest. In English books it was called ***Helix aspersa*** for over two centuries, but the current classification now places it in the genus *Cornu*. They are native to Europe, though have spread elsewhere. It is very similar, but smaller than the Roman snail (*Helix pomantia*).

## Food
These snails mainly eat plants, since they are herbivores. 
In the wild, they consume a wide range of vegetation like leaves, stems, and fruits. They also eat :fungi  , decaying matter, and even :soil for essential :minerals . 

You can feed a snail :lettuce, :cucumber, :zucchini, :sweet potato , :carrots, :kale, :collard, :radish leaves, and fruits like bananas. 
Avoid citrus fruits, :onion, :pineapple, :avocado, foods with salt, bread, pasta, and fish food containing copper.
 
Snails need a source of :calcium for their shells. :cuttlebone or eggshells can be provided.

## Reproduction
Snails are both male and female. They are able to reproduce by themselves, though normally reproduce sexually.

Snails find each other by following slime trails. During mating, they exchange sperm through their genital openings. 
After mating, the "female" snail lays eggs, usually in a safe, moist location. The eggs are often protected in a jelly-like substance. The location of egg-laying varies by species, with some laying them on plants, under rocks, or in the soil. 
The eggs hatch after a period of time, typically a few weeks, and the baby snails emerge. They feed on the remaining yolk or surrounding environment before venturing out to find food on their own. 

## References
Miami, Arizona

**Miami** is a town in Gila County, Arizona, United States. Miami is a classic Western town. Miami's old downtown has been partly renovated, and the Bullion Plaza Museum features the cultural, mining and ranching history of the Miami area.

According to the 2020 Census, the population of the town was 1,541. It is near Globe, Arizona.

## References
Ed Pastor

**Edward Lopez Pastor** (; June 28, 1943 – November 27, 2018) was an American politician. He was born in Claypool, Arizona. He was Arizona's first Hispanic congressman.

Pastor was a member of the United States House of Representatives from Arizona from 1991 to 2015. He was a member of the Democratic Party. He represented Arizona's 2nd congressional district from 1991 to 2003, and  Arizona's 7th congressional district from 2003 to 2015. The latter district was numbered as the 4th district from 2003 to 2013.

Pastor died on November 28, 2018 following a heart attack in Phoenix, Arizona at the age of 75.

## References
## Other websites
* 
*
*
New Martinsville, West Virginia

**New Martinsville** is a city in Wetzel County, West Virginia, United States, along the Ohio River. The population was 5,204 at the 2020 census. It is the county seat of Wetzel County.

## References
Jim Leach

**James Albert Smith Leach** (October 15, 1942 &ndash; December 11, 2024) was an American academic and politician. He was born in Davenport, Iowa. He was the ninth Chair of the National Endowment for the Humanities from 2009 to 2013. He was a member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Iowa from 1977 to 2007 as a Republican.

Leach died on December 11, 2024 at a hospital in Iowa City, Iowa from a heart attack caused by a stroke at the age of 82.

## References
## Other websites
* 
* 
* June 21, 2007 speech by Leach on US foreign policy to the Iowa City Foreign Relations Council, MP3
Salome Zourabichvili

**Salome Zourabichvili** (; born 18 March 1952) is a French-born Georgian politician. She was the 5th President of Georgia from 2018 to 2024.

She was an Independent MP in the Parliament of Georgia from 2016 until her election as President in 2018.

From 2003 till 2004 she was ambassador of France to Georgia.

## Notes
## References
## Other websites
President of Georgia

The **President of Georgia** (, *sakartvelos prezidenti*) is the head of state and supreme commander-in-chief.

Their role is ceremonial as in many parliamentary democracies. Prime Minister is the head of government. The office was first introduced by the Supreme Council of the Republic of Georgia on 14 April 1991, five days after Georgia's declaration of independence from the Soviet Union.

The President serves a five-year term. 

## List of Presidents
## References
## Other websites
*Official Site of the President of Georgia
Mamuka Bakhtadze

**Mamuka Bakhtadze** (; born June 9, 1982) is a Georgian politician. He is the Prime Minister from 20 June 2018 to 2 September 2019. He was approved by Georgian Parliament in a 99–6 vote. 

## References
Prime Minister of Georgia

The **Prime Minister of Georgia** is the most senior minister within the Cabinet of Georgia. He is appointed by the President of Georgia. 

Georgia has had 42 Prime Ministers since 1918.

## Democratic Republic of Georgia (1918–1921)
:**Prime ministers**

## Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic (1921–1991)
## Georgia (since 1991)
:**Prime ministers**

## List of prime ministers (since 1995)
### Georgia (1995–present)
:**Prime ministers**

## References
Umberto Borsò

in New York City, 1962]]
**Umberto Borsò** (3 April 1923 – 26 November 2018) was an Italian operatic tenor. He was born in La Spezia, Italy. 

In 1953 and 1954, he performed in the role of Giadone in the premiere of *Medea* by Pietro Canonica conducted by Ottavio Ziino with Maria Pedrini at the Teatro dell'Opera in Rome. He also sang the role of Andrea Chénier with Renata Tebaldi in 1953, again at the Teatro dell‘Opera in Rome.
'']]

Borsò died on 26 November 2018 in Rome at the age of 95.

## References
## Other websites
* Umberto Borsò at Virtual Museum
Charles Arthur Bowsher

**Charles Arthur Bowsher** (May 30, 1931 – September 30, 2022) was an American politician and businessman. He was the 6th Comptroller General of the United States from 1981 to 1996. He was born in Elkhart, Indiana.

Raised in Chicago, Bowsher studied at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign and at the University of Chicago. He was in the United States Army from 1950 to 1952 during the Korean War.

In 1956, he worked as an accountant and as a key business figure for Arthur Andersen & Co..

From 1967 to 1971, he was Assistant Secretary of the Navy (Financial Management and Comptroller) during the Lyndon B. Johnson presidency.

Bowsher was nominated by President Ronald Reagan in 1981 and was Comptroller General for 15 years from 1981 to 1996. During that period, he led the Government Accountability Office during the savings and loan crisis and other major issues. With a term limit of fifteen years, Bowsher worked for the Reagan, Bush Sr. and Clinton presidencies.

In 1996, Bowsher was added to the Accounting Hall of Fame. After civil service, he is the Chairman for the Board of Directors of the Concord Coalition.
## References
## Other websites
*Induction into Accounting Hall of Fame
*Biography at Accounting Hall of Fame 
*
Patricia Quintana

**Patricia Quintana** (1946 – 26 November 2018), was a Mexican Chef, writer, businesswoman and professor. She was a known international cook and expert in Mexican gastronomy. She was born in Mexico City. She studied and taught on ancestral Mexican cuisine mixed with the classical. She was the owner City of Mexico of the restaurant Izote from 2001 to the 2013, but resigned to start a banquet catering company.

She was culinary ambassador of her country for the world, distinction that awarded her the Office of Tourism and the Association of Restaurants of Mexico.

Quintana died in Mexico City on 26 November 2018 from an aortic aneurysm at the age of 72.

## References
John Murtha

**John Patrick Murtha Jr.** (; June 17, 1932 – February 8, 2010) was an American politician. He was born in New Martinsville, West Virginia. Murtha, a Democrat, represented Pennsylvania's 12th congressional district in the United States House of Representatives from 1974 until his death in 2010. 

Murtha died on February 8, 2010 in Arlington, Virginia from complications of intestine surgery at the age of 77.

## References
## Other websites
* 
* Profile at SourceWatch
*
Claypool, Arizona

**Claypool** is a census-designated place (CDP) in Gila County, Arizona, United States. The population was 1,395 at the 2020 census.

Claypool is located in southern Gila County at  (33.408626, -110.847532), between Miami to the west and Globe, the county seat, to the east. U.S. Route 60 runs along the northern edge of the community.

## References
Mike Plume

**Mike Plume** (born May 28, 1968) is a Canadian country music singer and songwriter. He was born in Moncton, New Brunswick.

## Background
Canadian singer/songwriter Mike Plume fronts his roots-based namesake band. His first record, Songs From a Northern Town, was recorded in Texas and released in 1993... Touring with groups like Blue Rodeo helped built the group's following, and their 1998 album Song & Dance, Man has won them more fans and awards. In 2009 he released the album "8:30 Newfoundland", followed in June 2013, with the new album "Red and White Blues".

## Discography
### Albums
## References
*Plume's career picks up steam, *Edmonton Journal*, September 3, 2008
*The Mike Plume Band, *The Vue Weekly*, Aug. 27, 2008
*Plum’s down home stories by way of Nashville, *The Record*, October 20, 2009
*Biography, CMT.ca 

## Other websites
*Official Website
*CanadianBands.com entry
*Mike Plume at MySpace
Captain Tractor

**Captain Tractor** is a Canadian folk rock band, based in Edmonton, Alberta. They play a punk-influenced variant of Celtic folk music, similar to such bands as Great Big Sea, The Pogues or Spirit of the West. Their songs are often rich in local, cultural, and geographical references.

The band's most famous songs have been renditions of the folk music classics "The Log Driver's Waltz" and "Drunken Sailor", as well as a cover of the Arrogant Worms' "The Last Saskatchewan Pirate". They have also developed a following for their brand of Canadian rock, with singles such as "Up the Hill", "Frozen Puck to the Head", "This Is Not a Sad Song", "Another Drinking Song", and "The Bastard of Strathcona County".

In celebration of the release of the band's sixth album, 'North of the Yellowhead' (2005 Six Shooter Records), Alley Kat Brewing Company released "Captain Tractor's Yellowhead Wheat Ale".

Their seventh studio album, **Famous Last Words**, was released on May 3, 2011. A live record, **Live at the Roxy**, was released in 2015.

## Band members
The band consists of five men, one woman, and their mascot, a deer named Bucky.  The band members are:
* Chris Wynters - vocals, guitar, songwriter
* Scott Peters - vocals, mandolin, guitar, bodhran, songwriter, driver
* Jules Mounteer - drums, percussion, driver
* Jon Nordstrom - bass, trumpet, guitar, vocals, songwriter. Joined before "Hat Trick".
* Jason Kodie - keyboards, vocals, musical restraint. Joined before "North of the Yellowhead".
* Shannon Johnson - Fiddle, Vocals

Former members include:
* Aimee Hill - flute, vocals. Left after "East of Edson".
* Jeff Smook - bass, vocals, songwriter. Left after "Bought the Farm".
* Brock Skywalker - accordion, flute, guitar, bodhran, penny whistle, harmonica, mandolin, keyboards, vocals, songwriter. Left just before "North of the Yellowhead".

## Discography
Captain Tractor has released seven albums:
* *Land* (1994)
* *East of Edson* (1995)
* *Bought the Farm* (1997)
* *Hat Trick* (1998)
* *Celebrity Traffic Jam* (1999)
* *Hoserista* (2000)
* *North of the Yellowhead* (2005)
* *Famous Last Words* (2011)
* "Live at the Roxy" (2015)
* "25 Years On" (2018)

They have also released a video entitled *Inconsequential Things* in 1998, and an interactive CD-ROM, *Bus Madness*, in 1995.

Members' solo albums:
* Chris Wynters' *Skywriting* (Six Shooter Records, 2005) and *2010-1982* (Shameless Records, 2010).
* Jon Nordstrom's *Brick and Stone* (Independent, 2003) and Waiting for Summer (Independent 2005).
* Former member Brock Skywalker *Cerebral Reruns* (FrozenPuck, 2004).

## References
## Other websites
* Official site
* CanConRox entry  CanadianBands.com
Charles Huxtable

General **Sir Charles Richard Huxtable**, KCB, CBE (22 July 1931 – 26 November 2018) was a senior British Army officer. He fought in the Korean War. He was Commander-in-Chief, Land Forces between 1988 and 1990. In the 1961 Queen's Birthday Honours, he was appointed Member of the Order of the British Empire (MBE).

Huxtable died on 26 November 2018 at the age of 87.

## References
## Other websites
* Duke of Wellington's Regimental Website – Who We Are, by General Huxtable
Lethal Weapon 2

***Lethal Weapon 2*** is a 1989 American buddy cop action comedy movie directed by Richard Donner, and starring Mel Gibson, Danny Glover, Joe Pesci, Patsy Kensit, Derrick O'Connor and Joss Ackland. It is a sequel to the 1987 movie Lethal Weapon and the second movie in the Lethal Weapon series.

## Cast
## Other websites 
*
Altaf Fatima

**Altaf Fatima** (; 10 June 1927 – 29 November 2018) was a Pakistani Urdu novelist, short story writer, and teacher (specializing in Muhammad Iqbal). Altaf Fatima was born in Lucknow. She moved to Lahore during the Partition, earning MA and BEd from the University of Punjab. Her novel *Dastak Na Do* ("Do not Knock") is seen as one of the defining works in the Urdu language. An adaptation was shown on Pakistani television. In 2018, Fatima was given the KLF Urdu Literature award at the 9th Karachi Literature Festival for her book, Deed Wadeed. She died on 29 November 2018.
* *Khwabgar* (2008)

### Collection of short stories 
* *Woh Jissay chaha gaya*(1969)
* *Jab Deewarein Girya Karti Hain (1988)*
* *Taar-i-Ankaboot (1990)*
* *Deed Wadeed* (2017)
* *Gawahi Akhir e Shab Ki* (2018)

### Translations 
* *Naghmay ka Qatal* (Urdu Translation of Harper Lee's novel *To Kill a Mockingbird*)
* *Mere Bachay Meri Daulat* (Urdu Translation of My Children, My Gold by Debbie Taylor)
* *Barrey Aadmi, Aur Unke Nazariyat*. A collection of political essays
* *Moti*. Urdu Translation of *The Pearl* by John Steinbeck
* *Sach Kahaniyan* (2000) (Urdu translation of Truth Tales i.e. Gujrati, Marathi, Tamil and Hindi Short Stories)
* *Zaitoon ke Jhund* (2016) (Urdu translation of Santa Claus in Baghdad by Elsa Marston)
* *Japani Afsana Nigar Khawateen* (1994) (Urdu translation of collection of Japanese short stories )
* *Haveli ke Ander*. (Urdu translation of *Inside the Haveli* by Rama Mehta)
* Urdu translation of collection of South American short stories

### Tanqeed 
* *Urdu Adab Mein Fann e Sawaneh Nigari ka Irtiqa* (1961)

### General 
* *Rozmarra Aadaab* (1963)

## References
Eldon George

**Eldon Thomas George**  (May 10, 1931 &ndash; November 29, 2018) was a Canadian fossil collector and amateur geologist. He was born in Parrsboro, Nova Scotia. He made many important discoveries on the shores of the Minas Basin and the Bay of Fundy in the 1940s. 

George found the world's smallest dinosaur tracks in 1984 near Parrsboro, Nova Scotia, Canada. His other finds include many fossilized amphibian and dinosaur prints that were displayed, along with the world's smallest dinosaur tracks, at his Parrsboro Rock and Mineral Shop and Museum. 

One of them is a 17-inch (45-cm) track that may have been made by a primitive, two-legged, crocodile-like creature that was nearly 20 feet (6 m) long. George's other discoveries include a fossilized insect with three pairs of wings and a tiny horseshoe crab that supplies a missing link in evolutionary history.

George died on November 29, 2018 in Parrsboro at the age of 87.

## References
## Other websites
*Order of Nova Scotia recipients - 2013
Robert Morris (artist)

**Robert Morris** (February 9, 1931 &ndash; November 28, 2018) was an American sculptor, conceptual artist and writer. He was thought of as one of the most well known theorists of Minimalism along with Donald Judd. He made important works to the development of performance art, minimalism, land art, the Process Art movement and installation art.

In 2013 as part of the October Files, MIT Press published a volume on Morris, examining his work and influence, edited by Julia Bryan-Wilson.

Morris was born in Kansas City, Missouri. He studied at the University of Kansas,  Kansas City Art Institute, Reed College and at Hunter College. Morris died on November 28, 2018 in Kingston, New York from pneumonia at the age of 87.

## References
Yayoi Kusama

is a Japanese contemporary artist and writer. She is well known for her repeating dot patterns in her art. She uses a variety of media. These include painting, drawing, sculpture, movies, performance and immersive installation. Her art ranges from works on paper featuring intense semi-abstract imagery, to soft sculpture known as ‘Accumulations’, to her ‘Infinity Net’ paintings. These paintings are made up of carefully repeated arcs of paint built up into large patterns.

Since 1977, Kusama has lived voluntarily in a psychiatric institution. Much of her work has been marked with obsessiveness and a desire to escape from psychological trauma. In an attempt to share her experiences, she creates installations that immerse the viewer in her obsessive vision of endless dots and nets or infinitely mirrored space.

## Biography
Yayoi Kusama was born in 1929 in Matsumoto, Nagano. She started drawing pictures with a motif of polka dots with watercolors, pastel and oil paints at 10 years old. She entered art university in Kyoto. Afterwards, she went to the US to study art. She did intense performances whose name were “happening” there to protest wars. In 1968. her movie won the prize of the 4th Belgian International Short Film Festival. She also had exhibitions held around the world. A documentary movie about her was released in 2019. It received high evaluations.

## Sickness
Kusama suffers from hallucinations. Her field of vision is covered with polka dots, and she says that flowers speak to her. She has had schizophrenia from childhood. She decided to paint to run away from the hallucinations and the fear of death. Her works reflect what she sees.

## Art works
All of Kusama's works are expensive. Kusama became the most expensive living female artist at auction when *White No. 28* (1960) from her signature *Infinity Nets* series sold for $7.1&nbsp;million at a 2014 Christie's auction.

## References
The Son of Neptune

***The Son of Neptune*** is a 2011 fantasy-adventure book written by American author Rick Riordan in the series *Heroes of Olympus*. It is based on based on Greek and Roman mythology. It follows Percy Jackson after his memories have been erased. He meets Roman demigods Frank Zhang and Hazel Levesque and they start their adventure to defeat Gaea and save Hera.

## References
Excelsior Springs, Missouri

**Excelsior Springs** is a city in Clay and Ray counties in the U.S. state of Missouri. The population was 10,553 at the 2020 census. It is located about  northeast of central Kansas City, Missouri.

## References
Donald Judd

**Donald Clarence Judd** (June 3, 1928February 12, 1994) was an American artist. He worked with minimalism. In his work, Judd worked with autonomy and space that objects created by it. He was also known for his works alongside sculptor Robert Morris.

When the National Endowment for the Arts supported his work, Northern Kentucky University hired Judd to build his notable  aluminium sculpture that was opened in the middle of the school's campus in 1976. Another commission, *Untitled* (1984), a three-part sculpture out of concrete with steel reinforcements, was installed at Laumeier Sculpture Park.

Judd was born in Excelsior Springs, Missouri, but raised in Marfa, Texas. He studied at College of William and Mary, Columbia University School of General Studies and at the Art Students League of New York. Judd died on February 12, 1994 in Manhattan, New York from non-Hodgkin lymphoma at the age of 65.

## References
Marfa, Texas

**Marfa** is a city in far West Texas, located between the Davis Mountains and Big Bend National Park. It is the county seat of Presidio County, and its population as of the 2020 United States Census was 1,788.

## References
Viktor Matviyenko

**Viktor Antonovych Matviyenko** (9 November 1948 – 29 November 2018) was a Ukrainian footballer and manager. He was born in Zaporizhia, Ukraine. Matviyenko won the bronze medalist in the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal. He played for Dynamo Kyiv and the USSR national team. He managed Torpedo Zaporizhya.

Matviyenko died in Kyiv on 29 November 2018 at the age of 70.

## References
## Other websites
*Profile
Jörg Meuthen

**Jörg Hubert Meuthen** (; born 29 June 1961) is a German economist and right wing extremist politician. He is the Federal spokesman for Alternative for Germany (AfD) since July 2015.

Meuthen is professor for political economy and finance at the Academy of Kehl.

## References
Alexander Gauland

**Alexander Eberhardt Gauland** (born 20 February 1941) is a German politician, journalist and lawyer. He is the Leader of the German political party Alternative for Germany (AfD) in the Bundestag since September 2017 and Co Leader of the party since December 2017.

He has been a Member of the Bundestag (MdB) since September 2017. Gauland was the party's co-founder and is its federal spokesman and the party leader for the state of Brandenburg.

## References
Christian Lindner

**Christian Wolfgang Lindner** (born 7 January 1979) is a German politician. He is a member of the Bundestag and leader of the liberal Free Democratic Party of Germany (FDP). In December 2021, he became the  Minister of Finance.

On 23 February 2025, Lindner resigned as party leader and announced his retirement from active politics after the FDP lost all of their seats in parliament as a result of the 2025 federal election. He is widely blamed for the party's massive loss in the Bundestag during the election.

## References
Katja Kipping

**Katja Kipping** (born 18 January 1978) is a German politician. She was the Chairperson of The Left and a member of the Bundestag (German Parliament).

On 10 May 2014 she was reelected, along with Bernd Riexinger, as chairperson of The Left by a national party conference.

Since 2005, Kipping has been a member of the German Parliament for The Left party. She was listed as the lead candidate on the state-level party list in Saxony.

## References
Annegret Kramp-Karrenbauer

**Annegret Kramp-Karrenbauer** (born 9 August 1962), commonly referred to by her initials **AKK**, is a German CDU politician. She was the Leader of the Christian Democratic Union from 2018 to 2021. She was chief minister of Saarland from 2011 to 2018, making her the first woman to lead the government of Saarland and the fourth woman to head a German state government. 

From February to December 2018, she was general secretary of the CDU.

She was elected CDU party leader on 7 December 2018 following Angela Merkel's retirement from that role.

On 10 February 2020, Kramp-Karrenbauer announced her resignation as Chairwoman of the CDU.

## References
Annalena Baerbock

**Annalena Charlotte Alma Baerbock** (born 15 December 1980) is a German politician. In December 2021, she became Minister of Foreign Affairs. She is a member of the Alliance 90/The Greens and was the party's co-leader from 2018 until 2022. Since 2013, she also holds a seat in the Bundestag, the German federal diet.

## References
## Other websites
* Baerbock's profile on the website of the Green Party parliamentary faction
Robert Habeck

**Robert Habeck** (born 2 September 1969 in Lübeck) is a German writer and politician. Habeck was the Vice-Chancellor of Germany and Federal Minister for Economic Affairs and Climate Action from December 2021 until May 2025. He is a member of the Alliance '90/The Greens and was their co-leader from 2018 until 2022.

Habeck was the Deputy Prime Minister and State Minister for Energy, Agriculture, Environment and Rural Areas in the Albig Cabinet and in the Cabinet Günther.

Under his leadership, the Green Party became the third largest group in the Landtag after the 2017 state elections.

## References
Albert Bryan Jr.

**Albert Bryan Jr.** is an American politician. He is the 30th and current Governor of the United States Virgin Islands. He defeated Governor Kenneth Mapp in the runoff election on November 20, 2018. 

Bryan was commissioner of the Virgin Islands Department of Labor.

## References
Jens Spahn

**Jens Spahn** (born 16 May 1980) is a German politician. He was the Federal Minister of Health from 2018 to 2021. He is a member of the lower house of the federal parliament, the Bundestag as a member of the centre-right Christian Democratic Union of Germany (CDU).

In October 2018, Chancellor Angela Merkel announced her retirement for the CDU party leadership. Spahn announced his intention to stand for election as her successor in December 2018.

## References
2018 Christian Democratic Union of Germany leadership election

The **2018 Christian Democratic Union leadership election** was held in Hamburg on 7 December 2018. This is after Angela Merkel's decision in October 2018 not to stand for party leader at the 2018 party conference following the party's bad performance in the 2018 Hessian state election and low numbers in national polls.

On 29 October 2018, both the CDU's General Secretary Annegret Kramp-Karrenbauer and the Federal Minister of Health Jens Spahn announced their candidacy in the election. This was followed by Merkel's arch-rival Friedrich Merz announced his bid on 30 October 2018.

Kramp-Karrenbauer was elected leader by winning 45.05% of the vote. Merz won 39.24% of the vote and Spahn won 15.72% of the vote.

## Candidates
* Annegret Kramp-Karrenbauer — General Secretary of the CDU (2018–today), Minister-President of Saarland (2011–2018), Leader of the CDU Saar (2011–2018), Minister for Family and Social Affairs in Saarland (2009–2011), Minister for Education in Saarland (2007–2009), Minister for the Interior in Saarland (2000–2007), Member of Landtag of Saarland (1999–2018), Member of Bundestag (1998) Kramp-Karrenbauer has been endorsed by the Saarland state association of the CDU.
* Friedrich Merz — Leader of the Opposition and Parliamentary Leader of the CDU (2000–2002), Member of Bundestag (1994–2009), Member of the European Parliament (1989–1994) Merz has been endorsed by the local associations of Fulda and of Hochsauerland.
* Jens Spahn — Minister for Health (2018–today), Parliamentary Secretary of State for Finance (2015–2018), Member of Bundestag (2002–today) Spahn has been endorsed by the local association of Borken.

File:Annegret Kramp-Karrenbauer 2 par Claude Truong-Ngoc janvier 2015.jpg|General Secretary**Annegret Kramp-Karrenbauer**from Saarland
File:Friedrich Merz 2017.jpg|Former MP**Friedrich Merz**from North Rhine-Westphalia
File:Jens Spahn MdB.jpg|Health Minister**Jens Spahn**from North Rhine-Westphalia

## Polling
## References
Andrea Nahles

**Andrea Maria Nahles** (born 20 June 1970) is a German politician. She was the Leader of the Social Democratic Party (SPD) from April 2018 to June 2019 and the leader of the SPD in the Bundestag from September 2017 to June 2019. 

Nahles was a Federal Minister of Labour and Social Affairs from 2013 to 2017 and SPD Youth leader. She is known within the party for criticising Gerhard Schröder's Agenda 2010.

## References
Balaji Telefilms

**Balaji Telefilms** is an Indian company that makes soap operas, reality TV, comedy, game shows, and other TV programs in several Indian languages. Balaji had a partnership with White Leaf Productions from 1997 to 2006.

Balaji Telefilms is promoted by Ekta Kapoor and Shobha Kapoor and is a public company listed at Bombay Stock Exchange and National Stock Exchange of India.

## Current productions
## Past productions
### National
## References
## Other websites
* 
*
Shraddha Arya

**Shraddha Arya** (born 17 August 1987) is an Indian actress who has been in television shows like *Main Lakshmi Tere Aangan Ki*, *Tumhari Paakhi* and *Dream Girl*.
## Television
## References 
## Other websites 
* 
* 
*
Bernd Riexinger

**Bernd Riexinger** (born 30 October 1955) is a German politician of the Left Party. He was named co-chairman of the party, together with Katja Kipping, on 2 June 2012.

## References
Marie Avgeropoulos

**Marie Avgeropoulos** (; born 17 June 1986) is a Canadian actress and model. She is best known for her role as Octavia Blake on The CW's post-apocalyptic science fiction television series *The 100* (2014–present).

## Early life
Avgeropoulos was born on 17 June 1986 in Thunder Bay, Ontario. She grew up fishing, hunting and camping, spending most of her free time outdoors. Avgeropoulos started playing drums when she was 16. After studying broadcast journalism for two years in her hometown, Avgeropoulos moved to Europe. Several months later, she came back to Canada and settled in Vancouver.

## Career
One of her friends invited her for a casting call in Vancouver, which happened to be looking for drummers. A talent agent recognized her talent and invited her to appear in various national commercials. She caught the attention of director Chris Columbus. He hired Avgeropoulos for *I Love You, Beth Cooper*,* *which became her first feature film role. Her appearance in the film gave her the opportunities to star in more films and television shows.

In 2010, Avgeropoulos was cast as Kim Rhodes in the film *Hunt to Kill*, which became her break-out role.

Early in 2013, Avgeropoulos made her break-out in television after being cast for a recurring role in The CW's *Cult*. However, the series failed to attract viewers and after episode 7, the show was cancelled. The remaining six episodes of the show were broadcast later in the summer.

Not long after the show ended, The CW cast her as one of the main characters in their new sci-fi, *The 100*, to portray the character Octavia Blake. She was then charged with domestic violence. Avgeropoulos's boyfriend wants the charges against the actress dropped as he said she doesn't pose a threat.

## Filmography
### Film
### Television
## References
## Other websites
*
Eptingen

**Eptingen** is a municipality of the district of Waldenburg in the canton of Basel-Landschaft in Switzerland.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Official website 
*
Union County, Arkansas

**Union County** is a county of the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 39,054. The county seat is El Dorado. It was founded on November 2, 1829.

## References
Palden Gyatso

**Palden Gyatso** (1933 – 30 November 2018) was a Tibetan Buddhist monk. He was born in Panam, Tibet. During the Chinese invasion of Tibet he was arrested for protesting and spent 33 years in Chinese prisons and labor camps, where he was tortured. He was still a practicing monk and political activist, traveling the world publicizing the cause of Tibet up until his death in 2018. 

Gyatso died on 30 November 2018 in Dharamshala, India of liver cancer at the age of 85.
## Related pages 
*List of Chinese dissidents
## References
## Other websites
*Waller, Douglas *Weapons Of Torture,* CNN, March 31, 1998
*Yangzom, Tsering *Walk for Tibetan freedom passes through Boston area, The Boston Globe*, July 31, 2005
*Palden Gyatso - 33 years in Chinese concentration camps
Harold O. Levy

**Harold  O. Levy** (December 14, 1952 – November 27, 2018) was an American lawyer and philanthropist. He was the executive director of the Jack Kent Cooke Foundation, the largest scholarship foundation in the United States. Levy was best known as Chancellor of the New York City public schools from 2000 to 2002.

Levy was born in New York City. He studied at Cornell University and at Oxford University. Levy died from complications of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in New York City on November 27, 2018 at the age of 65.

## References
## Other websites
*Harold O. Levy  at the Jack Kent Cooke Foundation
*New York City Department of Education
Common bronzewing

The **common bronzewing** (*Phaps chalcoptera)* is a species of pigeon. They are found in Australia. They eat vegetable matter.
## Looks
They are 20 to 36 centimetres long.

## Distribution
They are common in Australia. They are found in a variety of habitats, though they are nearly always near water.
## Eating
They eat material from plants, such as seeds. They drink rather frequently.

## References
Laughing kookaburra

The **laughing kookaburra** (*Dacelo novaeguineae*) is a type of kingfisher. They were previously called the laughing jackass and the giant kingfisher.

Breeding
Laughing kookaburras are believed to have 90 females

## Looks 
They are normally off white with pale brown lines. They have brown wings and back. They look similar to the Blue-winged kookaburra which is found in the same area.  male and female birds look similar. They are 43 to 45 cm long and weigh around 0.5 kg.

Laughing and rofous-bellied kookaburras are known to speed far north as Norway and as far south as Antarctica

## Food 
They eat insects, crustaceans and worms. Sometimes, they will eat small snakes, mammals, frogs and birds.

## Relationship with humans 
They can become tame and may accept meat from a human's hand.

## References
2018 Anchorage earthquake

On November 30, 2018, at 8:29 AKST (17:29 UTC), a magnitude 7.0 earthquake hit Anchorage, Alaska. The earthquake's epicenter was near Joint Base Elmendorf–Richardson, about  north of the city. 

It was followed by a 5.7 aftershock epicentered  north-northwest of the city. There were a total of 40 aftershocks. The earthquake could be felt as far as Fairbanks. 

Severe damage to several buildings and a highway overpass near Ted Stevens Anchorage International Airport have been reported. There are no casualties reported so far.

A tsunami warning was issued for nearby coastal areas, including Cook Inlet and the Kenai Peninsula, but they were lifted shortly after. 

## References
1964 Alaska earthquake

following the earthquake]]
The **1964 Alaskan earthquake**, also known as the **Great Alaskan earthquake** and **Good Friday earthquake**, happened at 5:36 PM AKST on Good Friday, March 27, 1964. Across south-central Alaska (mainly in Anchorage), ground fissures, collapsing structures, and tsunamis were caused by the earthquake. It caused about 139 deaths.

The earthquake lasted four minutes and thirty-eight seconds. It was a magnitude 9.2 earthquake. It remains the most powerful earthquake recorded in North American history, and the second most powerful earthquake recorded in world history.

Nearby, a  tsunami destroyed the village of Chenega, killing 23 of the 68 people who lived there. Post-quake tsunamis severely affected Whittier, Seward, Kodiak, and other Alaskan communities, as well as people and property in British Columbia, Washington, Oregon, and California.

Tsunamis also caused damage in Hawaii and Japan. Evidence of motion directly related to the earthquake was also reported from Florida and Texas.

## References
Ted Stevens Anchorage International Airport

**Ted Stevens Anchorage International Airport**  is a major airport in the U.S. state of Alaska. It is located  southwest of downtown Anchorage. The airport is named for Ted Stevens, a U.S. senator from Alaska in office from 1968 to 2009. 

It is included in the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems for 2017–2021, in which it is categorized as a medium-hub primary commercial service facility.

## References
Steve Cowper

**Stephen Cambreleng Cowper** (born August 21, 1938) is an American Democratic politician. He was born in Petersburg, Virginia. Cowper was the sixth Governor of Alaska from 1986 to 1990. He was governor during the 1989 *Exxon Valdez* oil spill.

## References
## Other websites
* Steve Cowper at ''100 Years of Alaska's Legislature''
*
Golden bowerbird

The **golden bowerbird** (*Prionodura newtoniana*) is a species of bird in the family  Ptilonorhynchidae, the  bowerbirds. It is endemic to Queensland in Australia. Today, it lives only in the Atherton region.

## References
Turlock, California

**Turlock, California** is a city in Stanislaus County in California. In 2020, the city had a population of 72,740 people. It is the second-largest city in Stanislaus County.

California State University, Stanislaus is in Turlock.

## Geography 
Turlock is between Modesto and Merced. Turlock is in the Central Valley.

Turlock has a semi-arid climate.

## Notable people
* Richard L. Bare, television director (*Green Acres*, *The Twilight Zone*)
* Ryan Taylor,  Politician
* Dot Jones, athlete and actress
* Colin Kaepernick, NFL quarterback

## References