open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Stade Brestois 29

**Stade Brestois 29** is a football club from Brest. They play in Ligue 1 the highest level in France football. The club was founded in 1950 by the union of five local clubs.  The oldest was  Armoricaine de Brest, founded in 1903.

## Name 
* 1903-1950 **Armoricaine de Brest**
* 1950-present **Stade Brestois 29**
## Players 
### Current squad 
### Out on loan
## Club Officials
## Famous players 
* Adrian Aliaj
* Claude Barrabé
* Pierre Bernard
* Olivier Bogaczyk
* Jean-Pierre Bosser
* Maurice Bouquet
* Jorge Luis Brown
* Gérard Buscher
* Roberto Cabanas
* Frédéric Cado
* Basile De Carvalho
* Julio Cesar da Silva
* Joël Cloarec
* Robert Coat
* Patrick Colleter
* Pierre-Yves David
* Jean-Claude Delorme
* Oscar Ewolo
* Pape Fall
* Bernard Ferrer
* Louis Floch
* David Ginola
* Thierry Goudet
* Sergio Goycochea
* David Grondin
* Vincent Guérin
* Stéphane Guivarc'h
* Lionel Justier
* Racine Kane
* Bernard Lama
* Paul Le Guen
* Jean-Luc Le Magueresse
* Yvon Le Roux
* Claude Makélélé
* Corentin Martins
* Eduardo Oliveira
* Bruno Pabois
* Bernard Pardo
* Marc Pascal
* Pascal Pierre
* Yvon Pouliquen 
* Franck Ribéry
* Nolan Roux
* Ronan Salaün
* Moustapha Salifou
* Carlos Tapia
* Alexis Thépot
* Drago Vabec
* Jos Van Herpen

## References
AS Cannes

**A.S. Cannes Football**, sometimes referred to as Cannes or A.S. Cannes, is a football club which plays in Cannes, France.
Red Star F.C.

**Red Star F.C. 93** is a football club which plays in France.

## Name 
* 1897-1906 **Red Star Club Français**
* 1906-1927 **Red Star Amical Club**
* 1927-1946 **Red Star Olympique**
* 1946-1948 **Red Star Olympique Audonien**
* 1948-1950 **Stade Français-Red Star**
* 1950-1967 **Red Star Olympique Audonien**
* 1967-1978 **Red Star Football Club**
* 1978-1984 **AS Red Star**
* 1984-2003 **AS Red Star 93**
* 2003-present **Red Star FC 93**
ES Troyes AC

**E.S. Troyes A.C.** is a football club which plays in France.

## Name 
* 1900-1931 **Union Sportive Troyenne**
* 1931-1970 **AS Troyes-Savinienne**
* 1970-1986 **Troyes Aube Football**
* 1986-2000 **Association Troyes Aube Champagne**
* 2000-present **Espérance Sportive Troyes Aube Champagne**
SC Toulon

**Sporting Toulon Var** is a football club which plays in France.

## Name
*1944-1998 **S.C. Toulon**
*1998-present **Sporting Toulon Var**
Angoulême Charente FC

**Angoulême C.F.C.** is a football club which plays in France.

## Name
*1920-1925 **SC Angoulême**
*1925-1948 **AS des Charentes**
*1948-1992 **AS Angoulême**
*1992-2005 **AS Angoulême-Charente 92**
*2005-present **Angoulême CFC**

## References
Paris FC

**Paris F.C.** is a football club which plays in France. They play in the Championnat National, which is the third league of football in France. They play their home games at the Stade Charléty located in the capital of France, which is Paris, Île-de-France.
Gina McKee

**Gina McKee** (born 14 April 1964) is an English actress that was in the television mini series *The Forsyte Saga* alongside Damian Lewis.

## Other websites 
*
Florida State Road 540

**State Road 540** is an east-west road in Central Florida, serving Polk County.  It runs  from US 27 to the south side of the city of Lakeland.  SR 540 also runs along the entrance to Cypress Gardens. It is a major road along the south side of Winter Haven, where it is known as **Cypress Gardens Boulevard**, and an important link between Winter Haven and Lakeland, the Polk Parkway, and also Interstate 4 and the Tampa Bay area.

SR 540 is known by the following names:
*Cypress Gardens Blvd. (US 27 – US 17)
*4th St. (cosigned with US 17)
*Winter Lake Rd. (US 17 – US 98)
*Bartow Rd. (cosigned with US 98)
*Clubhouse Rd. (US 98 – SR 37B)

## SR 540A
**State Road 540A** is a set of traffic bypasses for the termini of SR 540.

## References
Mr. Bean

***Mr. Bean*** is a British sitcom and comedy show. It is about a man who lives in London and has problems and finds unusual ways to solve them. It is physical humour and has less dialogue than is usual for a sitcom. It has fourteen 25-minute episodes. All of them were written by and star Rowan Atkinson as the main character. Different episodes were also written by Robin Driscoll, Richard Curtis and one by Ben Elton. The first episode was shown on ITV on 1 January 1990. The last television episode, "Goodnight Mr. Bean" broadcast on 31 October 1995. The final episode, "Hair by Mr. Bean of London", was a video released on 15 November 1995, but not shown in the Illinois until 2006.

## Origin
The character of Mr. Bean was created by Rowan Atkinson while Rowan Atkinson was studying for his master's degree at The Queen's College, Oxford. A sketch about Bean was shown at the Edinburgh Fringe.

## References
## Other websites
FC Antibes

**F.C. Antibes Juan-les-Pins** is a football club which plays in France.

## Name
*1912-1933 **Olympique Antibes**
*1933-1940 **FC Antibes**
*1940-1966 **Olympique Antibes Juan-les-Pins**
*1966-present **FC Antibes Juan-les-Pins depuis**
Stade Français (association football)

**Stade Français** is a football club which plays in France.

## Name
*1900-1942 **Stade Français**
*1942-1943 **Stade-CAP**
*1943-1944 **Stade Français**
*1944-1945 **Stade-Capitale**
*1945-1948 **Stade Français**
*1948-1950 **Stade Français-Red Star**
*1950-1966 **Stade Français FC**
*1966-1968 **Stade de Paris FC**
*1968-1981 **Stade Français**
*1981-1985 **Stade Français 92**
*1985-present **Stade Français**
Pikachu

**Pikachu** is a yellow mouse Pokémon from the fictional Pokémon world that was created by Satoshi Tajiri. Pikachu is the mascot of the Pokémon franchise, and one of the main characters of the Pokémon anime series. It has also appeared in most Pokémon video games and merchandise. In the video game *Pokémon Yellow*, it is the player's starter Pokémon. In the anime series, Pikachu is Ash's first Pokémon.

Pikachu is an electric-type Pokémon, which attacks using electricity from two red pouches on its cheeks.

Pikachu evolves from a baby Pokémon called Pichu if it loves its trainer. Pikachu can evolve into Raichu, which is darker orange than Pikachu, if a Pikachu evolves in Alola the Raichu it evolves into has the ability to fly and use its tail kind of like a hoverboard.

## Design 
Pikachu is a yellow mouse Pokémon. It has long ears with black tips. It has red cheeks that store electricity. It has brown stripes on its back. Pikachu has a lightning bolt-shaped tail, while female Pikachus have a heart-shape at the end of their tails.

Pikachu is 40 centimeters (1 foot, 4 inches) tall and it weighs 6 kilograms (14 pounds).

The name "Pikachu" comes from the Japanese words "pikapika" (the sound of electricity) and "chuchu" (the sound that a mouse makes).

## Appearances
In the *Pokémon* anime, the trainer Ash Ketchum's first Pokémon is a Pikachu. At first, it does not like him, but then he saves it from a group of Spearow and their friendship grows slowly from there.

Pikachu has also appeared in the *Super Smash Bros.* series. He has appeared in *Super Smash Bros.*, *Super Smash Bros. Melee*, *Super Smash Bros. Brawl*, *Super Smash Bros. for Nintendo 3DS and Wii U*, and Super Smash Bros. Ultimate as a very fast and light playable character. In the game Pokémon Go, Pikachu can be found wearing a Santa hat at Christmas.

Ryan Reynolds voiced Pikachu in the 2019 movie *Pokémon: Detective Pikachu*.

## Pichu 
Pichu is the pre-evolved form of Pikachu. It is a small yellow electric mouse, but is not as powerful as Pikachu. It evolves to Pikachu when it is very happy, such as loving its trainer. There are special forms of Pichu: a notched-ear Pichu, and a Pikachu-colored Pichu as event Pokémon in the *Pokémon HeartGold and SoulSilver* games. Pichu has appeared as an unlockable character in *Super Smash Bros. Melee* and *Super Smash Bros. Ultimate* where it has a cloned moveset to Pikachu's but takes damage when it uses electric attacks. Pichu features in the intro of the third Pokémon movie.

## Raichu
Raichu is the evolved form of Pikachu and has orange fur, unlike Pikachu's yellow fur. In order for a Pikachu to evolve into a Raichu, it must use a Thunderstone. It can hold much more electricity in its cheeks. In Alola, it can evolve into Alolan Raichu by using a Thunderstone in Alola. It is a Psychic/Electric type. In the Pokémon anime, in Kanto, Gym Leader Lt. Surge's Raichu has a battle with Ash's Pikachu. At first, Raichu wins, but Pikachu beats it in a rematch.

## References 
## Other websites
WEKG

**WEKG** (810 AM) is a radio station in Jackson, Kentucky, USA. It plays country music.  As of March 2023, the station is owned by Intermountain Broadcasting Co., Inc. WEKG carries programming from ABC Audio.

## References
Valea Voenilor River

The **Valea Voenilor River** is a tributary of the Pascu River.

## References
* Administraţia Naţională Apelor Române - Cadastrul Apelor - Bucureşti
* Institutul de Meteorologie şi Hidrologie - Rîurile României - Bucureşti 1971

## Maps
* Harta munţii Codru Moma 
* Harta munţii Apuseni
Daisy Duke

**Daisy Duke** is a fictional character from the *Dukes of Hazzard*. She is an attractive young woman from Georgia. Her apparel includes low cut blue jeans, which later led to the term "Daisy Dukes" being used for short shorts. She was portrayed by actress Jessica Simpson in the movie.
Sonata for Two Pianos and Percussion

The **Sonata for Two Pianos and Percussion** is a musical composition by the Hungarian composer Béla Bartók.  It was written for a very unusual combination of players.  Four players are needed to perform this sonata: two pianists and two percussion players.  The two pianists each have a piano, and the two percussion players play seven instruments between them: three timpani, xylophone, one side drum with snares and one without, a suspended cymbal, a pair of cymbals, a bass drum, a triangle and a tam-tam.

In the introduction to the score Bartók gave very precise instructions about how the different percussion instruments should be played, the kinds of beaters to be used, and a plan of how they were to be grouped on stage.

There are three movements: a fast movement, a slow movement and a fast movement.  The first movement starts with a slow introduction.

There are many interesting and unusual things to listen out for in the music.  For example, in the first movement the timpani sometimes play glissandos.  This means that the pitch of the notes slides up or down.  The player needs to have timpani with pedals to do this.  This movement is in sonata form.

The second movement sounds very creepy.  Bartók quite often wrote music which sounded like insects at night.  This is one of his “night pieces”.  In the climax to this exciting music Piano One plays lots of glissandos.

The last movement is a big contrast to the atmosphere in the slow movement.  It is like a lively dance.

The sonata was first performed in Basle in 1938 with the composer playing one piano and his wife Ditta playing the other one.  Fritz Schiesser and Philipp Rühlig played the percussion.   It immediately became very popular and has since been one of his best- known works.  Bartók also made a version for the two pianos to play with an orchestra, but it is not normally performed like that.

## References 
* Score of Sonata for Two Pianos and Percussion (Boosey and Hawkes)
* The Life and Music of Béla Bartók; Halsey Stevens, OUP 1964.
Concerto for Orchestra (Bartók)

***Concerto for Orchestra*** is the title of a work for orchestra by the Hungarian composer Béla Bartók. It is one of the most famous orchestral pieces of the mid-20th century.

Several composers have written works to which they gave the title “Concerto for Orchestra”. It is an unusual title because a concerto is normally a work for one solo instrument and an orchestra. The soloist is given a lot of opportunity to show off his (or her) talent. In a “Concerto for Orchestra” there is no soloist, but the composer thinks it is different from a symphony because a lot of the instruments in the orchestra are treated like soloists during the piece. This is what happens in Béla Bartók’s concerto.

The work was written in 1943 and it was first performed on 1 December 1944 in the Boston Symphony Hall by the Boston Symphony Orchestra with the conductor Serge Koussevitzky. It was immediately a great success. Koussevitszky asked Bartók to write this piece. Bartók had just arrived in United States from Hungary. He had to flee because of World War II. Bartók had no money and so he was glad to get some work.

## The music 
Bartók often uses ideas from the Classical music period in this work. He also uses ideas from folk music from central Europe, especially Hungarian music. Quite often the music is not in a major or minor key. He uses folk scales which have different kinds of scales called modes. Sometimes tunes sound like folk music. At other times there are drones in the horns and strings.

The orchestra needs 3 flutes (one doubling piccolo), 3 oboes (one doubling cor anglais), 3 clarinets (one doubling bass clarinet), 3 bassoons (one doubling contrabassoon), 4 French horns, 3 trumpets, 3 trombones, tuba, timpani, side drum, bass drum, cymbals, triangle, tamtam, 2 harps and strings

### The five movements 
The first movement, called *Introduzione* by Bartók, is a slow introduction which sounds like music describing the night. This is something Bartók did several times in his works. It is in sonata form.

The second movement is called "Giuoco delle coppie" which means "Game of pairs". Pairs of instruments take it in turns to play a tune, each pair playing music which is separated by a different interval.

The third movement, called *Elegia* by Bartók, is another slow movement, typical of Bartók's night music.

The fourth movement, called *Intermezzo interrotto* by Bartók, has a flowing melody with a time signature which keeps changing. There is also a theme which pokes fun at the march tune in Dmitri Shostakovich's *"Leningrad" Symphony (No. 7)*. There is a very difficult bit for the timpani where the player has to play lots of different pitches in a very short section.

The fifth movement, called *Finale* is a very fast movement with lots of energy and plenty of folk tunes.

## References 
* Score of Concerto for Orchestra, Boosey and Hawkes
* The Life and Music of Béla Bartók, Halsey Stevens, OUP 1964.
51 Pegasi

**51 Pegasi** is a star that is like our Sun. It is 15.4 parsecs (50.1 light-years) away from the Earth in the constellation Pegasus. 

It was the first Sun-like star, other than the Sun, found to have a planet orbiting it. In 1996 astronomers Baliunas, Sokoloff, and Soon calculated that it takes 51 Pegasi b 37 days to orbit 51 Pegasi.

## Description 
51 Pegasi is a yellow dwarf star that is thought to be around 7.5 billion years old, which is somewhat older than our Sun. 51 Pegasi is also 4-6% more massive than our Sun with more metal content. However, it is running low on hydrogen.

The star itself has an apparent brightness of 5.49. Because of this, it can be seen from the Earth with binoculars, or with the naked eye if it is dark outside. 

The exoplanet's discovery was made public on October 6, 1995 by Michel Mayor and Didier Queloz.  The discovery was made using the radial velocity method at the Observatoire de Haute-Provence, using a tool called the ELODIE spectrograph that is used to find planets that are outside our Solar System. 

## Planetary system 
After the announcement, on October 12, 1995, more proof that this star did exist came from Dr. Geoffrey Marcy from San Francisco State University and Dr. R. Paul Butler from the University of California, Berkeley using the Hamilton Spectrograph at the Lick Observatory near San Jose in California.

51 Pegasi b is the first discovered planet of its parent star, 51 Pegasi. If any more are discovered they will be named 51 Pegasi c, 51 Pegasi d, and so on. The planet has been informally named Bellerophon. After its discovery, many teams proved its existence and continued to find out more about its properties, including the fact that it orbits very close to the star, has estimated temperatures around 1200 Celsius, and has a minimum mass about half of Jupiter's.

## References
## Other websites
* **Extrasolar Visions**: 51 Pegasi 
* 51 Pegasi  at SolStation.com.
* nStars database entry 
* David Darling's encyclopedia
Gumbasia

***Gumbasia*** is a very short movie made in 1953 by Art Clokey. *Gumbasia* was a clay animation movie.

Clokey made *Gumbasia* while he was studying at the University of Southern California and being taught by Slavko Vorkapich. It was Clokey's first clay animation movie and it was only 3 minutes and 45 seconds long. The movie showed moving lumps of clay set to music in a copy of Walt Disney's *Fantasia*. Gumbasia was made in a style Vorkapich taught called Kinesthetic Film Principles. This style, which uses camera movements and stop-motion editing, is used in later Gumby movies. After watching *Gumbasia*, movie producer Sam Engel decided to give Clokey money to make a 15 minute movie that became the first Gumby movie -- *Gumby Goes to the Moon*.

## References
## Other websites
*
*Gumbyworld.com
*Premavision/Clokey Productions 
*ArtClokey: the First 50 Years 
*Official 50th Birthday Party Gumby's MySpace
*Bren's Gumbyland - The Ultimate Gumby Memorabilia Collection/Fansite
Well, Hampshire

**Well** is a small village in Hampshire in between Odiham and Farnham. It is next to Lord Wandsworth College. The local pub is called *The Chequers Inn*.

## Other websites
* The Chequers Inn 
* Hampshire Treasures p111  The Old Cottage. Pond House.
* Hampshire Treasures p112  Well Manor Farmhouse.
TM 65 77

The **Telamiina 65 77** (**T**rack **m**ine model 66, with detonator model 77) is a Finnish Army standard issue anti-tank mine. The mine is made of 9.5&nbsp;kg (~21&nbsp;lbs) of cast TNT.  The mine is armed with a detonator that is set to explode when at least 100&nbsp;kg (~220&nbsp;lbs) of pressure is applied to it. The blast effect of the mine blows the track off of tanks and damages their driving wheel.

The mine is also known as the *Kuntonappi* ("Fitness pill") or the *Tellu* (female name, shortened form of Tellervo9).

## References
*http://www.mil.fi/maavoimat/kalustoesittely/index.dsp?level=70&equipment=124
Where Sleeplessness Is Rest from Nightmares

***Where Sleeplessness Is Rest from Nightmares*** is the very first album by Chicago metalcore band Arma Angelus.

## Track listing
All music composed by Arma Angelus. All lyrics written by Pete Wentz.

## References
Arma Angelus

**Arma Angelus** was a metalcore band from Chicago. The band started in 1998 and broke up in 2002. The members of the band were Peter Wentz (singer, now plays bass guitar in Fall Out Boy), Tim McIlrath (played bass guitar, now lead singer of Rise Against), Jay Jancetic (played guitar, now plays guitar for the Chicago band Holy Roman Empire), Daniel Binaei (played guitar), Adam Bishop (played guitar, now an English teacher at San Dieguito High School Academy in Encinitas, California), and Timothy Miller (played the drums).

After Tim quit to start a new band called Rise Against, he was replaced in 1999 by Christopher Gutierrez. Gutierrez is now a touring author and spoken word artist.  He was replaced as the bass guitar player for one tour by Joseph Trohman (now plays guitar in the band Fall Out Boy). Trohman was not a good fit for the band in terms of knowing about the music style and in terms of stage presence.  He was replaced mid-tour when the band flew Chris Gutierrez out to New York for the final half of their tour, including a stop at CBGB's.  

In the last Arma Angelus concert, Patrick Stump played drums, Pete Wentz sang, Joe Trohman played guitar along with Adam Bishop, and Christopher Gutierrez on bass.

## Albums
* Things We Don't Like We Destroy (Compilation) (2002), Let It Burn Records
* Where Sleeplessness Is Rest from Nightmares (2001), Eulogy Records 
* The Grave End of the Shovel EP (2000), Let It Burn Records
* The Personal is Political (2000), Demo

## Other websites 
* Let It Burn Records 
* MySpace Page

## References
70 Virginis

]]

**70 Virginis** is a yellow dwarf star that is around 58 light-years away from the Earth in the constellation Virgo. 70 Virginis is not as big or hot as Earth's Sun.

In 1996, 70 Virginis was found to have an extrasolar planet in orbit around it. There is also a dust disc that orbits the star. The temperature of the disc is 156 K and it is about 3.4 AU from the star.

## References 
## Other websites 
* **SIMBAD**: HD 117176 -- High proper-motion Star
* **SolStation**: 70 Virginis 
* **Extrasolar Planets Encyclopaedia**: 70 Virginis
* **Extrasolar Visions**: 70 Virginis
Rhyno

**Terrance "Terry" Gerin** (born October 7, 1975) is an American professional wrestler. He is currently signed to Total Nonstop Action Wrestling. He competes under the ring name **Rhino** (or **Rhyno**).

He is also known for his time in Extreme Championship Wrestling (ECW) and the World Wrestling Federation (WWE).

During his time in ECW, he was a one-time ECW World Heavyweight Champion and a two-time and final ECW World Television Champion.

In WWE, he was a three-time Hardcore Champion, one-time WCW United States Champion, and one half of the first SmackDown Tag Team Champions with Heath Slater.

Outside of wrestling, Gerin has also been involved in politics. On August 2, 2016, Gerin won the Republican primary for Michigan's 15th District. He ran against Democrat Abdullah Hammoud and lost 21,739 votes to 13,452.

## References
## Other websites
*
15385 Dallolmo

**15385 Dallolmo** (1997 SP4) is a Main-belt Asteroid that was found on September 25, 1997 by the Osservatorio San Vittore at Bologna, Italy

It is named after Umberto Dall'Olmo (1925-1980), who was an amateur astronomer with college degrees in both law and physics; who spent most of his time observing Jupiter and studying flare stars. He was also interested in the history of astronomy and worked as a technician at the University of Bologna's Institute of Astronomy.

## Notes
University of Southern Maine

The **University of Southern Maine** is a university in Maine.

## References
## Other websites
* 
* Official athletics website
Blade (movie)

***Blade*** is a 1998 American vampire superhero horror movie starring Wesley Snipes. It was followed by *Blade II* and *Blade: Trinity*.

## Other websites 
*
70 Virginis b

computer program.]]

**70 Virginis b** is an extrasolar planet that is around 60 light-years away from the Earth in the constellation of Virgo.  The finding of this planet was announced in 1996 by astronomers Geoffrey Marcy and R. Paul Butler. 70 Virginis was one of the first stars that was known to have planets orbiting it.  When first announced, 70 Virginis b was thought to be inside its star's habitable zone, but proof was later found that the planet has an eccentric orbit, closer to its parent.

## Characteristics 
70 Virginis b is a Jupiter-type extrasolar planet that orbits around 70 Virginis every 116 days. It has 7.5 times the mass of Jupiter. Its surface gravity is thought to be about two to three times that of Jupiter's.  At the time that it was found in January 1996, it was thought that the star was only 29 light years away from the Earth. This could explain why the star was less bright based on its apparent magnitude (measure of brightness).  As a result, the planet's orbit was thought to be in the habitable zone and the planet was given the nickname "Goldilocks" (not too cold or too hot). The Hipparcos satellite later showed that the star was farther away from 70 Virginis and therefore its brightness was a result of the planet being too hot to be in the habitable zone.

## Related pages
* Exoplanet 51 Pegasi b

## References 
## Other websites
* **SolStation**: 70 Virginis 
* 70 Virginis b
916 America

**916 America** is a minor planet that is orbiting the Sun in the main belt between Mars and Jupiter.

It was discovered on 7 August 1915 by the Soviet astronomer Grigory Nikolaevich Neujmin at Simeis, Ukraine. Another possible reason for the name was as a mark of thankfulness for the help given during the famine in Crimea by the American Relief Administration under President Herbert Hoover.

In 1986, believing that the asteroid was of S-type and that it had a diameter of 15&nbsp;km, the length of 916 America's day was thought to be 38 hours. Observations by the Infrared Astronomical Satellite have since shown that it has a diameter of 33.2±1.3&nbsp;km, with an absolute magnitude of 11.20 and an albedo (the extent to which it reflects light) of 0.053±0.004.

## References
Nick

**Nick** is a short form of the given name Nicholas. People named Nick include:

*Nick Carter, a singer
*Nick Jonas, singer and member of the Jonas Brothers
*Nick Cannon, an actor

**Nick** can also be short for "Nickelodeon", and might mean:
*Nickelodeon, a television network which begin in 1977
*Nick Jr., a related TV network
Scholasticism

**Scholasticism** is a way of thinking and teaching knowledge. It was developed in the Middle Ages. It started when people wanted to bring together what is called *classical philosophy* with the teachings of 
Christian theology. Classical philosophy is the philosophy developed in Ancient Greece. 
Scholasticism is not a philosophy or a theology, but rather a way of teaching and learning. Scholasticism emphasises the use of dialectic. The main purpose of dialectic is to find an answer to a question, or to show that a contradiction can be resolved.

Scholasticism was started by people like Saint Ambrose and St. Augustine. They tried to use philosophy to help explain the doctrine and mysteries of the church. Ambrose and Augustine were among the first Church fathers who brought Christian ideas and Greek philosophy together.

The main figures of scholasticism were Peter Abelard, Albertus Magnus, Duns Scotus, William of Ockham, Bonaventure and, most importantly, Thomas Aquinas. Summa Theologica is an ambitious synthesis of Greek philosophy and Christian doctrine.

In the 13th century, the teachings of Aristotle were considered more important than those of Plato. Scholastic education was very much based on written texts, and with arguments for and against ideas in those texts. In this way it differed greatly from modern science, which is based on observations from nature. In Aristotle the scholastics chose someone who was himself quite an original investigator of the natural world. But the scholastics themselves dealt almost entirely with the world in manuscripts written in two ancient languages. One was in Latin, the language of the Vulgate Bible and the other was Ancient Greek. Greek opened the doors to the writings of the Greek philosophers in their own language, at least so far as their works survived. The motto of Boethius “As far as you are able, join faith to reason” reminds us that all scholastics were mediaeval Christians. Their main concern was to see how the Greek ideas could be fitted into their religious view of the world.

## Other websites
* "Scholasticism". In *Encyclopædia Britannica* Online.
Belmont, New Hampshire

**Belmont** is a small town in New Hampshire, United States.

Originally called **Upper Gilmanton**, Belmont was chartered in 1727 as a parish of Gilmanton.  In 1859 Upper Gilmanton was separated from Gilmanton. Then in 1869 the town was renamed Belmont.  This was to honor August Belmont. The townspeople hoped Mr. Belmont would provide financial support but he did not.

## References
Scarborough, Maine

**Scarborough** is a town in Maine. It has a harness racing event called the Scarborough Downs. Scarborough High School is here.

## References
The Bravery

**The Bravery** was an American rock band. They were from New York City. The band is best known for their song "An Honest Mistake".

*The Village Voice* said the Bravery was "New York's Official Next Big Thing". MTV and Rolling Stone praised them as an artist to watch. The band was chosen in the BBC News website's Sound of... poll as 2005's most promising act.

## Discography
* *The Bravery* (2005)
* *The Sun and the Moon* (2007)
* *Stir the Blood* (2009)

## References
## Other websites
*
Susan Boyle

**Susan Magdalane Boyle** (born 1 April 1961) is a Scottish singer who became famous through the television contest ''Britain's Got Talent*. She was the runner-up of its third season.

Her version of "I Dreamed a Dream" from *Les Misérables'' has many video views on YouTube. She appeared on America's Got Talent. Boyle's first album *I Dreamed a Dream* was released on 23 November 2009. It went straight to number one in the UK Albums Chart. It sold more copies than any other album in the UK in 2009.

She has had two no. 1 albums in the United States.

## Personal life
Boyle was born at Bangour General Hospital in Blackburn, West Lothian, She is youngest daughter of Patrick Boyle and his wife, She have four brothers and five sisters by her family.

She has lived in the same council house in Blackburn, West Lothian, Scotland all her life. She has a cat named Pebbles. Boyle's autobiography, *The Woman I Was Born to Be: My Story*, was published in 2010. She was diagnosed with Asperger syndrome in 2012. She is a Roman Catholic.

## References
Beat It

**"Beat It"** is a song by American singer Michael Jackson. It was produced by Jackson and Quincy Jones. It is on his sixth album, *Thriller* (1982). It was released as the album's third single on February 14, 1983. There is also a music video for the song. The song has a guitar solo by Eddie Van Halen. He chose to make the guitar solo without getting paid. It got the Grammy Award for Record of the Year and Best Male Rock Vocal Performance in 1984.

"Beat It" was number one on the *Billboard* Hot 100 for three weeks. *Billboard* said it was one of the top five songs of 1983. The song is certified platinum by the RIAA. Over 11 million copies of the song have been sold. It is one of the best-selling singles ever made. "Beat It" was number one on music charts in many countries, such as Spain, Canada, New Zealand, and the Netherlands.

The song also has a music video. It shows Jackson stopping two gangs from fighting each other, and then dancing with them. The video was very popular. It helped make Jackson a pop icon. Many people say the song and video were important for pop culture.

"Weird Al" Yankovic made a parody of the song called "Eat It". Fall Out Boy covered the song with John Mayer on their 2008 album *Folie à Deux*.

## Production 
Jackson made a demo version of the song at his house. Other people that made music helped him make it. The drum sounds for the song were made on a drum machine. The bass guitar sounds for the song were made using a bass guitar and a keyboard. This style of making bass guitar sounds was used in the main song. Jermaine Jackson has said the song was inspired by things that happened when the Jackson family lived in Gary, Indiana.

### Guitar solo 
 playing the guitar]]
Jackson and Jones asked Eddie Van Halen, the main guitar player for Van Halen, to make a guitar solo for the song. Van Halen recorded the guitar solo for free. He said that he did it "as a favor". The rest of the band thought he should have asked for money, but he did not want to. In 2015, Van Halen said he also changed the song so that his solo was in the key of E.

When Van Halen was recording the solo, a loudspeaker started burning. Because of this, one of the people recording the music said "This must be really good!" Van Halen later said that working with Jackson was one of the best moments in his career.

## Track listing 
"Beat It" was released as a single. It was released on 7-inch and 12-inch vinyl records.

## References
Coblentz (lunar crater)

**Coblentz** is a small crater on the far side of the Moon, to the south of the much larger Bolyai crater. 

The crater has a circular edge, but it has been worn away by asteroid hits. This is most noticeable at the southern end where a gap exists in the rim. The interior floor has very few features except for several tiny craterlets.

A ridge arcs from the northwest rim of Coblentz to join the southern rim of Bolyai. There are several patches of dark (low albedo) material just to the south and southwest of Coblentz.

## References
* 
* 
*
Max Rockatansky

**"Mad" Max Rockatansky** is a fictional character appearing in the *Mad Max* movies. He is played by Mel Gibson and by Tom Hardy.
Scarface: The World Is Yours

***Scarface: The World Is Yours*** is a video game based on the events from the movie *Scarface*. It was released for the PC, PlayStation 2, Xbox, in 2006, and the Wii in 2007, The game was also planned to be released on the Xbox 360 but it was cancelled. You play as the title character, Tony Montana like in the film, it was developed by Radical Entertainment and published by Vivendi Games.

## Notes
## References
Gambit (Marvel Comics)

**Gambit** (**Remy Étienne LeBeau**) is a fictional character who appears in comic books published by Marvel Comics, commonly in the *X-Men* series. His mutant power is the ability to control, change and create kinetic energy (moving energy) which means he can make things move at his command. Many scenes in *X-Men Origins: Wolverine* can demonstrate this.

## In other media 
Gambit made his live-action debut in the 2009 movie *X-Men Origins: Wolverine*, portrayed by Taylor Kitsch. Channing Tatum was attached to star in a solo Gambit movie, which remained in development hell for five years and was cancelled upon the acquisition of 21st Century Fox by Disney. Tatum ultimately portrayed the character in the 2024 Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU) movie *Deadpool & Wolverine*.
Krusenstern Island

**Krusenstern Island** (and similar names) is a place name honoring the Baltic German explorer Adam Johann von Krusenstern (1770 – 1846). It was and sometimes still is used for a number of places in the Pacific Ocean:
* Ailuk in the Marshall Islands
* Little Diomede (*Ignaluk*) in the Diomede Islands
* Tikehau in the Tuamotus
* "Krusenstern Reef" was a phantom reef at ; it was deleted from maps after 1923
* "Krusenstern Islands" or "Krusenstern Reef" also was applied to islands in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands

## Footnotes
## References
*  (1951): Birds collected during the Whitney South Sea Expedition 59: The populations of the Wedge-tailed Shearwater (*Puffinus pacificus*). *American Museum Novitates* **1512**: 1-21. PDF fulltext
Luna (given name)

**Luna**, is a given name meaning "moon".It is a feminine name that is associated with the night sky, the moon, and the stars. Luna is a name that is often associated with mystery, beauty, and femininity. It is a name that is often associated with the goddess of the moon, Selene. This name was ranked #11 on the US Popular Names in 2021. 

## People named *Luna*
* Luna Celeste (born 1963), American voice actress
* Luna Leopold (1915-2006), American scientist
* Luna Vachon (1962–2010), Canadian professional wrestler
* Luna Shamsuddoha, Bangladeshi Women entrepreneur

### Fictional
* Luna Lovegood, in the *Harry Potter* series
* Luna Inverse, oldest sister of Lina Inverse of the series *Slayers*
* Luna Moody, a minor character in *One Life to Live*
* Luna Platz, a character in *Mega Man Star Force*
* Mrs Luna, in the Henry James book *The Bostonians*
* Princess Luna, a character in *My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic*
* Luna Loud, a character in *The Loud House*
* Luna the Moon, a character in ''Let's Go Luna!*
* Luna, a character in *Earth to Luna!''

## References
Juninho (footballer, born 1977)

**Carlos Alberto Carvalho dos Anjos Junior "Juninho"** (born September 15, 1977) is a Brazilian former professional footballer who played as a striker.

In 2008, he said his intention to stay in Japan for the rest of his life and become a naturalized Japanese citizen.  However, he gave up on obtaining Japanese nationality since he found it difficult due to a lack of Japanese language ability.

## Club statistics
## Honours
### Individual
* J2 League Top Scorer: 2004
* J1 League Top Scorer: 2007
* J. League Best Eleven: 2007

### Team
* J1 League Runners-up: 2006, 2008, 2009
* J.League Cup Runners-up: 2007, 2009

## References
Donald

**Donald** is a masculine given name. It is pronounced [**don**-ld]. The name Donald has its roots in the Gaelic name Domhnall and is typically associated with masculinity. Its meaning, "ruler of the world" or "world mighty", is derived from the Celtic words dumno, meaning "world," and val, meaning "rule." The name gained popularity thanks to the Scottish King Donald II, who was the grandson of King Alpin and became a legendary figure. This name was ranked #592 on the US Popular Names in 2021.

Other common forms are Don, Donny and Donnie.

## Famous Donalds 
*Donald II, former King of Scotland
*Don Cheadle, American actor
*Donald Dewar, first First Minister of Scotland
*Don Drysdale, Major League Baseball player
*Donald Duck, fictional duck created by Walt Disney
*Don Edwards, American politician
*Don Ho, Hawaiian musician
*Don LaFontaine, American voice actor
*Don Regan, American politician
*Don Knotts, American comedic actor
*Don McLean, American singer and musician
*Don Meredith, former American NFL quarterback.
*Donald Rumsfeld, United States Secretary of Defense
*Donald Sutherland, American actor
*Donald A. Glaser, American scientist
*Donald Pleasence, British actor
*Donald Trump, President of the United States , businessman
*Donald Tusk, Prime Minister of Poland 

## Related pages
*Don, a disambiguation page

## References
Oligotroph

An **oligotroph** is an organism that can survive with relatively few nutrients. Because there are few nutrients, such organisms grow slower. Their metabolism usually runs at a slower rate. The population density is generally low. 

Environments where oligotrophs can be found include the deep oceans.
Supersaturation

**Supersaturation** in chemical solutions is when a solution contains more of a solute than can be dissolved in it. This usually makes some of the solute separate itself from the solution.

## Examples 
*Rain happens in a supersaturated solution of water in air.
*Carbonated water is a supersaturated solution of carbon dioxide gas in water.  It is stored at very high pressure in a bottle.  This lets the water dissolve more carbon dioxide gas than it can at normal pressure.  When the bottle is opened, the pressure falls to the normal atmospheric pressure, and the carbon dioxide gas escapes slowly.  Certain things such as small bubbles in the bottle can make this process faster.  Such bubbles can be caused by shaking the bottle.  Another solute such as sugar powder or a widget can also trigger precipitation.

* A Diet Coke and Mentos eruption is an extreme example. Some drinks such as ales and stouts rely on this effect to produce the 'head' on the surface of the poured product.
Diomede Islands

Satellite photo of the Diomede Islands]]
 village on the west coast of Little Diomede]]

The **Diomede Islands** are two islands in the Bering Strait, about halfway between mainland Alaska and Siberia. They are also called **Gvozdev Islands** in Russian. There are two islands, called *Big Diomede* and *Little Diomede* respectively. 

Little Diomede is also known as **Krusenstern Island**, but there are also other places with this name. The Eskimos who live there call it *Ignaluk*. 

The other island, Big Diomede, is also known as ***Imaqliq**, **Inaliq**, **Nunarbuk*** or **Ratmanov Island**. 

Big Diomede belongs to Siberia, Little Diomede is part of Alaska.

The Chukchi Sea is to the north and the Bering Sea to the south of the islands.  to the southeast is Fairway Rock, an islet that is usually not considered part of the Diomede Islands.

The islands are separated by an international border and the International Date Line, which is approximately  from each island. At the closest distance between Little Diomede and Big Diomede, the two islands are only about  apart. 

People who live on Little Diomede Island do so in a small village called Diomede, on the west side of the island.

There are plans to build a connection between Siberia and Alaska, either as a bridge or a tunnel (Bering Strait bridge spanning the Bering Strait). In that case, the Diomede Islands would be a halfway point, as they are about the middle of the Bering Strait.

They are sometimes called Tomorrow Island (Big Diomede) and Yesterday Isle (Little Diomede) because the big island is 21 hours ahead of the small one (except when changing daylight saving time, done on different dates).

The people who lived on Big Diomede Island were moved to mainland Russia by the Soviet government. A small Russian military base is currently on the island. Little Diomede has an Inupiat population of 170, mostly in the City of Diomede. This village there has a school, and a local store. Some Eskimos there are famous for their ivory carving. Mail is delivered by helicopter, weather permitting.

## References
Epiglottitis

**Epiglottitis** is inflammation of the epiglottis, which is the flap that sits at the base of the tongue, which keeps food from going into the trachea (windpipe). Due to its place in the airway, swelling of this can interfere with breathing and can set up a medical emergency.

## Symptoms
Epiglottitis usually happens in children. It can be accompanied with fever, problems swallowing, drooling, and stridor. In children, it must always be considered a medical emergency requiring urgent treatment in an emergency room at a hospital.

## Related pages 
*Respiratory system
*Dentistry
Lyme disease

**Lyme disease**, also known as **Lyme borreliosis**, is an infectious disease. It is caused by bacteria of the genus *Borrelia*. The disease is carried by ticks. Ticks can be found in bed sheets and are parasitic on mammals such as mice, deer, and people. In other words, ticks are the vector which transmits the disease.

It is the most common tick-borne infection in the United States. Although Allen Steere realized in 1978 that Lyme disease was a tick-borne disease, the cause of the disease remained a mystery until 1982. It can cause joint swelling, rashes, and neurological symptoms.

Lyme disease is treated with antibiotics. Depending on disease stage and antibiotic used, treatment is usually between 10 and 28 days.

## Symptoms 
*Fever
*A bulls-eye rash, also known as Erythema migrans.
*Cranial nerve palsies (drooping of the face)
*Arthritis
*Fatigue
*Headache
*Myalgias (muscle pain) and arthralgias (joint pain)
*Meningitis (stiff neck)
*Chills

## References
Travis Childers

**Travis Wayne Childers** (born March 29, 1958 in Booneville, Mississippi, United States) is an American politician. He represented Mississippi's 1st district in the U.S. House of Representatives from the May 2008 special election until 2011. 

Childers did not win re-election in on November 2, 2010, he was defeated by former state senator Alan Nunnelee.

## References
## Other websites
*Official Campaign Website
*The Online Office of Congressman Travis Childers
Diamond Dallas Page

{{Infobox person
|name               = Diamond Dallas Page
|image              = DDP Headshot 1 Landscape.jpg
|caption            = Page in 2016
|birth_name         = Page Joseph Falkinburg Jr.
|birth_date         = 
|birth_place        = Point Pleasant, New Jersey, U.S.
| billed      = The Jersey Shore
| website     = 
}}
}}
**Dallas Page** (born **Page Joseph Falkinburg, Jr.**; April 5, 1956 in Point Pleasant, New Jersey) is an American former professional wrestler, fitness instructor and actor who is probably best known for wrestling with World Championship Wrestling (WCW), World Wrestling Federation (WWF), Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA) under the ring name, **"Diamond" Dallas Page** or "**DDP**" for short.

## Championships
***Pro Wrestling Illustrated**
**PWI Most Improved Wrestler of the Year (2006)
**PWI ranked him #4 of the 500 best singles wrestlers of the year in the PWI 500 in (1997, 1998)
**PWI Feud of the Year in 1997 (vs. Macho Man Randy Savage)
**PWI Most Hated Wrestler of the Year (1999)
**PWI ranked him #65 of the top 500 singles wrestlers of the "PWI Years" (2003)
***Swiss Wrestling Federation**
**SWF Heavyweight Championship (one time)
***World Championship Wrestling**
**WCW World Heavyweight Championship (three times)
**WCW United States Heavyweight Championship (two times)
**WCW World Tag Team Championship (four times) (with Kevin Nash (two), Chris Kanyon and Bam Bam Bigelow as the Jersey Triad (two))
**WCW World Television Championship (one time)
***World Wrestling Federation**
**WWF European Championship (one time)
**WWF World Tag Team Championship (one time) (with Kanyon)
***Wrestling Observer Newsletter awards**
**Best Wrestling Maneuver (1997) (Diamond Cutter)
**Most Improved Wrestler (1996)
**Worst Gimmick (2001)

## References
## Other websites
*Official website 
*DDP's WWE Alumni page
Clay animation

**Clay animation** is one of many ways to make a stop motion animation. Each animated piece, either character or background, can be formed and reformed into different shapes. People making a clay animation usually use soft materials, like Plasticine clay. 

Most animation is made the same way, whether it is cel animation or stop motion. Each frame, or still picture, is recorded on film or digital media and then played back quickly. When played back at a frame rate of more than 10–12 frames per second, the human mind sees the series of slightly changing, rapidly playing images as movement. To us it seems as if the object is moving by itself. This way of tricking the mind into seeing "movement" is the way that all moving images work, from zoetrope to movies to video-games. The way CGI animations are made is different from the frame by frame method.

## How it is done 
In clay animation, each object is made in clay, usually around a wire skeleton called an armature. The object is put on the set (background) and a still picture (one frame of film) is taken. The object or character is then moved slightly by hand. Another picture is taken, and the object is moved slightly again. This is repeated over and over. To get the best results, special care is taken to make sure that each frame is the same as the one before. For example, the lighting has to be the same and the object has to be put back in exactly the right place. The only thing that should be different is the slight change the animator makes to the object.

Making a stop-motion animation using clay is hard work. Normal movies use 24 frames per second (frame/s). Animation usually uses "doubles" or "twos"; that is using two frames for each shot. This means that 12 changes are made for one second of movie. For a 30-minute movie, there would be about 21,600 stops to change the objects for the next frame. For a full-length (90-minute) movie, there would be about 64,800 stops. IF some of the parts were done with only a single, not double frame, there would be even more stops. Great care must be taken to make sure that the object is not moved by accident. For full-length movies, animators now use rubber silicone and resin-cast objects. One foam-rubber method has been called *Foamation* by Will Vinton.

## Examples of clay animation 
Some famous clay animation movies have been made. Examples include:
* Gumby
* Wallace and Gromit
* Robot Chicken
* Bob the Builder
* Clay Studio of Sviridov Max 

## Claymation 
The word "**Claymation**" is a registered trademark in the United States. It was registered by Will Vinton in 1978 to describe his clay animation films. The word is often used incorrectly to describe any clay animation movie.
## References