open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Indecent exposure

is a type of indecent exposure]]
**Indecent exposure** is a term that is used that describes the act of a person deliberately  showing  parts of their body in a way that is not considered good behavior by local standards, called decency. 

These standards vary around the world. These rules are often affected by religion, morality, or tradition They can be justified as "necessary to maintain public order". Non-sexual exhibitionism, or public nudity, is sometimes said to be indecent exposure. If sexual acts are performed, or hinted at, it is very often considered to be indecent exposure. For this, there sometimes is  a case of gross indecency. This term is usually used for a more serious offence. 

Many communities have ideas of what parts of the body should be covered in public. Not covering these parts may be seen as indecent exposure. For example. in many Muslim countries, a woman not wearing a veil may be seen as indecent. She may be seen as not being modest.

While a woman exposing her breast seen as indecent in many countries but they are often allowed to breastfeed their children in public without punishment. 

## Different standards 
What defines indecent varies widely. For example, it is seen as indecent for a woman show their nipples in much of the United States. In these areas is women must cover their nipples with pasties. In other areas. women are allowed to be topless. New York City is a place were it is legal for a woman to be topless in public. The standard of decency are developed in each given community. They can also say what kind of clothing should be worn. There are societies, such as those in Saudi Arabia or Afghanistan, where the standards are very strict.  In these societies, modesty requires that most of the body to be covered most of the time. In other societies, such as the tribal societies of the Pirahã or the Mursi, it is normal for people to be naked.

## History 
The standards of decency have varied over time. During the Victorian era, exposure of a woman's legs and arms was seen as indecent in much of the Western world. At formal occasions, hair was sometimes required to be covered with a hat or bonnet. As late as the 1930s, and sometimes the 1950s. both women and men were expected to bathe or swim in public places wearing bathing suits that covered above the waist. An adult woman exposing her navel was seen as indecent in parts of the West into the 1960s and 1970s. Moral values changed drastically during the 1990s and 2000s. This also changed the criteria for indecent exposure.

Public exposure of the navel has been accepted in public. In the 2000s, the buttocks was often exposed while wearing a thong. For many years, however, it was quite common for women to show boobs at public beaches throughout Europe and South America and even some parts of the United States. From 2010 to 2020, the numbers of women going topless on beaches has taken a sharp drop. This is possibly explained by the rising popularity of the smartphone, combined with websites people share pictures of (partly) naked women.

## References
Kazuo Takahashi (politician)

**Kazuo Takahashi** ( *Takahashi Kazuo*; 2 July 1930 – 8 January 2022) was a Japanese politician. He was governor of Yamagata Prefecture from 1993 to 2005.  Takahashi was born in Yamagata, Japan.

Takahashi died on 8 January 2022 in Yamagata from problems caused by Alzheimer's disease, at the age of 91.

## References
Sinan Al Shabibi

**Sinan Al-Shabibi** (; 1 July 1941 – 8 January 2022) was an Iraqi economist and politician. He was the governor of the Central Bank of Iraq from September 2003 to October 2012.

Al Shabibi died on 8 January 2022, at the age of 80.

## Related pages
*List of scientists from Asia

## References
Hiranmay Sen Gupta

**Hiranmay Sen Gupta** (1 August 1934 – 8 January 2022) was a Bangladeshi physicist. He worked in nuclear physics. He published over 200 research papers. He was made a fellow of Bangladesh Academy of Sciences in 1977.

Sen Gupta died at a hospital in Dhaka, Bangladesh on 8 January 2022, at the age of 87.

## References
Nina Rocheva

**Nina Petrovna Rocheva** (,  **Selyunina**; 13 October 1948 – 8 January 2022) was a Soviet cross-country skier. He competed from 1978 to 1980. She won a silver medal at the 1980 Winter Olympics in Lake Placid, New York.

Rocheva died on 8 January 2022, at the age of 73.

## References
## Other websites
*Database Olympic Profile
*World Championship results
Carmelo Pujia (politician)

**Carmelo Pujia** (5 October 1927 – 8 January 2022) was an Italian politician. He was a member of the Christian Democracy party. He was president of the Province of Catanzaro from 1970 to 1975 and in the Chamber of Deputies from 1983 to 1994. He was born in Polia, Italy.

Pujia died in Rome, Italy on 8 January 2022, at the age of 94.

## References
Polia, Calabria

**Polia** (Calabrian: ; ) is a *comune* (municipality) in the Province of Vibo Valentia in the Italian region of Calabria. It had a population of 1,224 and an area of .

## References
Viktor Mazin

**Viktor Ivanovich Mazin** (; 18 June 1954 – 8 January 2022) was a Soviet featherweight weightlifter. He won a gold medal at the 1980 Olympics in Moscow. He retired in 1982 after winning a Soviet Cup.

Mazin died in Minusinsk, Russia on 8 January 2022, at the age of 67.

## References
Michael Lang (producer)

**Michael Lang** (December 11, 1944 – January 8, 2022) was an American concert promoter, producer, and artistic manager. He was best known as a co-creator of the Woodstock Music & Art Festival in 1969.

Lang died from non-Hodgkin lymphoma at a hospital in New York City, on January 8, 2022, at the age of 77.

## References
Attila Kelemen

**Attila Béla Ladislau Kelemen** (4 May 1948 – 8 January 2022), better known as **Attila B. L. Kelemen**, was a Romanian politician. He was a Member of the European Parliament in 2007. He was a member of the Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania (UDMR/RMDSZ). Kelemen has also sat in the Chamber of Deputies from 1996 to 2016.

Kelemen was born in Târgu Mureş, Romania. He died on 8 January 2022 in Paris, France, at the age of 73.

## References
Lourdes Castro

**Maria de Lourdes Bettencourt de Castro**  (9 December 1930 – 8 January 2022) was a Portuguese artist. She was known for creating shadow puppets for her Shadow Theatre. She helped create the São Paulo Art Biennial.

Castro died at a hospital in Funchal, Portugal from pneumonia on 8 January 2022, at the age of 91. President Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa called her "one of the most [important] Portuguese artists".

## References
Professional school

**Professional School** or **Professional Education**, in the United States and Canada, is a school that rewards professional degrees required to enter a profession, usually to become a lawyer or a medical doctor.

Examples of Professional Degrees include: 

* Juris Doctor (JD): A law degree required in most states to become a lawyer. In Canada, the Juris Doctor Degree replaced the Bachelor of Laws degree in the late 2000s. 
* Medical Degree (MD): A degree of medicine required in all states to become a physician, which the student must also complete post-graduate medical training known as residency to become a full license doctor. 
* Osteopathic Medicine (DO): Equivalent to a medical degree (see above). However, this degree also allows a physician to perform osteopathy on patients.
Pithos

, Crete, about 1500 BC. ]]
A **pithos** (several pithoi) is a large jar used for storage. It was common in the whole Mediterranean. It was used for storing things like wine, vegetable oil or grain. Pithoi were common in the Aegean and on Crete. These jars were very big, they could reach the height of a man. As a consequence, creating them required special skill. Pithoi were similar to amphoras, but they were usually bigger, and had a flat bottom. 

Pithoi were sometimes used for burials, examples of these are the Argaric culture, or the child-skeleton of Kritsa.

## Related pages 
*Pandora's box
Mark Forest

**Lou Degni** (January 6, 1933 – January 7, 2022), better known as **Mark Forest**, was an American actor and bodybuilder. He played Hercules in the Italian movie *Goliath and the Dragon* (1960).

Forest died on January 7, 2022 at his home in Los Angeles, California, one day after his 89th birthday.

## References
## Other websites
*
*Mark Forest at Brians Drive in Theater
Dwayne Hickman

**Dwayne Bernard Hickman** (May 18, 1934 – January 9, 2022) was an American actor, television executive, producer and director. He worked at CBS. He played Chuck MacDonald in the 1950s *The Bob Cummings Show* and the main role in *The Many Loves of Dobie Gillis*. 

Hickman died on January 9, 2022 in Los Angeles, California from problems caused by Parkinson's disease, aged 87.

## References
## Other websites
*
Darryl Hickman

**Darryl Gerard Hickman** (July 28, 1931 - May 22, 2024) was an American actor, television producer, screenwriter and acting coach. He played Winfield in *The Grapes of Wrath*. He also appeared in the television series *The Many Loves of Dobie Gillis*. He also played Bill in *Network*. His first movie role was as Ronald Colman's son in *The Prisoner of Zenda* in 1937.

## References
## Other websites
*
Tahani al-Gebali

**Tahani al-Gebali ** (; 20 November 1950 – 9 January 2022) was an Egyptian judge. She was the Vice President of the Supreme Constitutional Court of Egypt. In 2003, she was appointed to office by President Hosni Mubarak. She was the first woman to hold a judiciary position in Egypt. She was the only female on the bench until 32 other Egyptian women were appointed in 2007. She was born in Tanta, Egypt.

Al-Gebali died from COVID-19 in Cairo, Egypt on 9 January 2022, at the age of 71.

## References
Lee Grant

**Lee Grant** (born **Lyova Haskell Rosenthal**; October 31, 1925) is an American actress and director. Her role in the 1951 movie *Detective Story* as a young shoplifter got her an Oscar nomination for Best Supporting Actress. Her role in the 1975 movie *Shampoo*, won her an Oscar. She also won two Emmy Awards during her career. She is the only Academy Award-winning actor to also direct an Academy Award-winning documentary.

## Early life
**Lee Grant** was born **Lyova Haskell Rosenthal** in Manhattan to a Jewish family. 

Grant made her stage debut in ''L'Oracolo* at the Metropolitan Opera in 1931. She studied at Art Students League of New York, Juilliard School of Music, The High School of Music & Art, and George Washington High School. She later enrolled in the Actors Studio in New York.

## Career
Grant was one of many people who were blacklisted during the 1950s. 

Grant starred in 71 TV episodes of *Peyton Place* (1965–1966). She also had lead roles in *Valley of the Dolls* and *In the Heat of the Night* in 1967. In 1964, she won the Obie Award for Distinguished Performance by an Actress for her role in *The Maids*. During her career, she won two Emmy Awards and was nominated seven times.

Grant later turned her focus to directing. In 1986, she won a Directors Guild of America Award for *Nobody's Child*. In 1987, the documentary she directed, *Down and Out in America'', tied for the Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature.

## Personal life
Grant married screenwriter Arnold Manoff in 1951. They divorced in 1960. They had two children, including actress Dinah Manoff. She then married Joseph Feury in 1970.

## Notes
## References
## Other websites
* 
*
* 
* 
*
*
*Lee Grant at the University of Wisconsin's Actors Studio audio collection
*
*
*
Sara Takanashi

(born 8 October 1996) is a Japanese ski jumper. She is one of the most successful female ski jumper to date, as well as one of the most successful athletes in the history of the sport, having won four World Cup overall titles (an all-time female record), seven World Championship medals, and a Winter Olympic medal. As of January 2022, Takanashi holds the record for the most individual World Cup wins, male or female, with 61. She also has three Guinness World Records certificates for the most podium finishes in the Ski Jumping World Cup, the most individual victories by a female in the Ski Jumping World Cup, and the most Ski Jumping World Cup individual victories in a career (overall).

## Results
### World Cup
#### Standings
#### Individual wins
#### Individual starts
### Grand Prix
#### Standings
#### Individual wins
#### Individual starts
## References
Murray Peden

Flight Lieutenant **David Murray Peden**,  (October 19, 1923 – January 6, 2022) was a Canadian Air Force pilot, lawyer, and writer. From 1941 to 1945 Peden was in the Royal Canadian Air Force as a bomber pilot. He was best known for his 1979 memoir *A Thousand Shall Fall*.

Peden died on January 6, 2022, at the age of 98.

## References
Rolf-Dieter Amend

**Rolf-Dieter Amend** (21 March 1949 – 4 January 2022) was an East German slalom canoeist. He was born in Magdeburg, Allied-occupied Germany. He won a gold in the C-2 event at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich.

Amend died on 4 January 2022, at the age of 72.

## References
Harpdog Brown

**Harpdog Brown** (January 28, 1962 – January 7, 2022) was a Canadian blues singer-songwriter and harmonica player. He was honored by the Maple Blues Awards in 2014.

Brown died on January 7, 2022 in Alberta, Canada at the age of 59.

## References
Victor Garland

**Sir Ransley Victor Garland** KBE (5 May 1934 – 1 January 2022), usually known as **Vic Garland**, was an Australian politician. He was a member of the House of Representatives from 1969 to 1981. He was a member of the Liberal Party. He was High Commissioner to the United Kingdom from 1981 to 1983.

Garland died on 1 January 2022, at the age of 87.

## References
Crêpe

A  **crêpe** or **crepe** ( or , , Quebec French: ) is a type of pancake. The dough is made of flour, eggs, and a liquid, usually milk or water. The crepe is then cooked on both sides. 

Originally, crêpes came from Brittany in France, where they originated in the 13th century. Today, they can be found all over the world. 

There are two varieties: the sweet crêpe, crêpe sucrée,  and the salty one, which is usually called *galettes*. Crêpes are usually consumed with a filling. 

When preparing the gallettes, usually a different kind of flour is used (blé de Sarassin, from Buckwheat), and less sugar is used.

Special places that mainly servecrêpes are called **crêperie** in France. 

Crêpe_opened_up.jpg|A sweet crêpe opened up, with whipped cream and strawberry sauce on it
Crepes.webmhd.webm|Video demonstration of preparing crêpes
Picswiss_BS-55-89.jpg|A small crêperie
Creperie_du_Ciel_à_Münster.JPG|Crêperie in Germany

## References
## Other websites 
* 
* 
* 
* How to make a crepe
Dee Booher

**Deanna Booher** (August 6, 1948 – January 7, 2022) was an American actress, professional wrestler, and roller derby skater. She is known for her appearances with Gorgeous Ladies of Wrestling as **Matilda the Hun**. An actress, she appeared in *Brainsmasher... A Love Story* and *Spaceballs*. Booher was born in Torrance, California.

Booher died on January 7, 2022 from problems caused by peripheral neuropathy, aged 73.

## References
Michael Dunn (actor)

**Michael Dunn** (born **Gary Neil Miller**, October 20, 1934 – August 30, 1973) was an American actor and singer. He played Dr. Loveless in *The Wild Wild West* (1968).

Dunn had medical dwarfism caused by spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia.

Dunn died at a hotel room in London on August 30, 1973 from respiratory failure caused by heart and lung disease, aged 38.

## Other websites
* Michael Dunn Actor and Singer
* 
* 
* Michael Dunn; @ Aveleyman.com 
* Sculpture of Michael Dunn
Ethiopian National Defense Force Headquarters

The **Ethiopian National Defense Force Headquarters** is a building located in Addis Ababa. It was first used on January 9, 2022. The building is also as the headquarters of the Chiefs of the General staff and Ministry of Defense. 

## Inauguration 
The Ethiopian National Defense Forces opened with a military style airshow and ground show. During the opening, the Prime Minister, High Ranking Military Officials and high government official were present. the building is one of the biggest military headquarters in the world.  On the Inauguration Ceremony there was an award program for military officers.

## Building 
The building is over 13,000 square meters of land. It has close to 770 rooms. These include 32 kitchens over 5 floors. The Ministry of defense headquarters has meeting halls, libraries, research centers and an organized information center.

### Backyard 
The building also has another 36,000 square meters of land for helicopter landing and a small airport inside the compound for airplanes.

## History 
The building was originally planned and began 13 years before it was completed January 9,  2022.

## References
Leather subculture

, in Cologne, in 2014. Many are flying Leather Pride Flags.]]
**Leather subculture** is the name for a group of people who have a sexual fetish about leather clothing. Most of them are gay, and they associate with BDSM. The subculture developed in the United States, after the Second World War. At the time, most used a motorcycle. The most widely known symbol of leather culture is the Leather Pride Flag.
Amanda Asay

**Amanda Asay** (May 16, 1988 – January 8, 2022) was a Canadian baseball and ice hockey player. She was born in Prince George, British Columbia. She was a member of the Canada women's national baseball team which won a silver medal at the 2015 Pan American Games.

Asay died on January 8, 2022 from injures caused by a skiing accident in Nelson, British Columbia at the age of 33.

## References
Canadian National Exhibition

The **Canadian National Exhibition** is an annual fair that happens in Toronto. It is the largest annual fair in Canada, and the sixth largest in North America, with 1.5 million visitors each year. The fair started in 1879 and has happened every year except during World War I and World War II when the fairground was used instead by the Canadian Army to train soldiers. It also did not happen in 2020 and 2021 because of the COVID-19 pandemic. The fair is held in the last two weeks of August and the first few days of September and ends on Labour Day. At the fair, people can see shows and exhibits, demonstrations of new technology, farm animals, and they can also enjoy rides such as roller coasters and play games. 

## References
James Mtume

**James Forman** (January 3, 1946 – January 9, 2022), stage name **James Mtume**, was an American jazz and R&B musician, songwriter, record producer, activist and radio personality. He worked with Miles Davis between 1971 and 1975. Mtume's R&B group, also called Mtume, played the 1983 R&B hit song "Juicy Fruit".

Mtume died on January 9, 2022 at the age of 76.

## References
Choro-Q Advance

***Choro-Q Advance*** (Japanese: **チョロＱアドバンス** *Choro-kyū Adobansu*) (localized as ***Gadget Racers*** in the United States and ***Penny Racers*** in Europe) is the first of two *Choro-Q* video games to be released on the Nintendo Game Boy Advance.

## Gameplay 
*Choro-Q Advance* is described as a "CarPG". The main goal of the game is to advance across five sections of a world map, completing several events along the way in several categories (such as a simple race, a speed test, a single lap dash, a drag race or a braking test). Wins earn money and parts, with the player's stats being able to be upgraded through the use of new parts, and also visual customisation of the player's car, spedometer and changing their horn.

There were also other types of races - battle races where players would shoot eachother with weapons equipped to their cars, and races across water that would require floats. These two types would carry onto the sequel.

The game uses a graphical system similar to other GameBoy Advance racing games at the time, with Mode-7 styled ground effects with billboarded sprites intended to give the impression of 3D graphics.

This game allows players to share "bottle racers" with other players that would appear in the races of the players that received said bottle racers. This was included along with a traditional link-play mode via the Game Boy Advance Link Cable.

## Trivia 
* The Japanese version of the game featured a mail system that would inform you of specific things on your journey through the events. This was removed from all other versions of the game.

## Other websites 
*https://gamefaqs.gamespot.com/gba/915173-gadget-racers
*https://gamefaqs.gamespot.com/gba/915173-gadget-racers/data
*https://gamefaqs.gamespot.com/gba/915173-gadget-racers/images
*https://gamefaqs.gamespot.com/gba/915173-gadget-racers/videos
Rolland Smith

**Rolland Gregory Smith** (born December 6, 1941) is an American retired television news reporter and anchor. He is best known for his time in New York City. He is known for being the host of *The Morning Program*. Smith was born in San Diego, California.

## References
## Other websites
* Rolland Smith's official website 
* Rolland Smith's official blog
Plaisir d'amour

'''Plaisir d'amour'* is a well-known French love song. The text is from the novella Céléstine by Jean-Pierre Claris de Florian, published in 1784. Jean-Paul-Égide Martini composed the melody, and published it in 1785. In 1859, Hector Berlioz wrote a short piece for small orchestra, based on the melody.

It has been interpreted by many famous singers: Fritz Wunderlich (1965), Yvonne Printemps (1931), Tino Rossi (1955), Joan Baez (1961), Judith Durham of the Seekers (1963), Marianne Faithfull (1965), Nana Mouskouri (1971), Brigitte Bardot, Barbara Hendricks, Andrea Bocelli, Mireille Mathieu, Peter Alexander, Ivan Rebroff and Eddy Mitchell are among them. The King’s Singers, one of the best English a capella choirs also have a version.

*Can't Help Falling in Love'' by Elvis Presley, with a well-known version by  UB40, has the same melody.

## References 
## Other websites 
*
*
Abdur Rouf

**Abdur Rouf** (আবদুর রউফ) is a Bangladesh Awami League politician and the incumbent Member of Parliament from Kushtia-4.

## Career
Rouf was elected to Parliament on 5 January 2014 from Kushtia-4 as a Bangladesh Awami League candidate. On 4 July 2015, he prevented Brazilian wheat from entering the Kumarkhali Upazila Food department warehouse. The wheat had been imported by the government of Bangladesh for its social safety net program. According to Rouf, the wheat was substandard and had not been tested.

## References
Khonghampat Orchidarium

The **Khonghampat Orchidarium** () is a botanical garden in Imphal, Manipur. It is dedicated to the collection, cultivation, preservation and display of a wide range of 500 varieties of orchids found in Manipur. The finest visiting season is March-April. This Orchidarium is the orchid centre of the Forest Department of Manipur.

## History 
The Khonghampat Orchidarium () was founded by the Manipur Forest Department in the year 1976.

Predominant genuses of the orchid species grown in the orchidarium include Vanda, Dendrobium and Rhynchostylis. A few of the species are the following:

## References
Agatharchides

**Agatharchides** or **Agatharchus** was a Greek historian and geographer. He lived in the second century BC.

## Life
Agatharchides is believed to have been born at Cnidus. He was later a secretary to Heraclides Lembus.

Agatharchides wrote a few words about his own life. At the conclusion of his book *On the Erythraean Sea*, he apologizes for being unable to complete his work "since our age is unable to similarly bear the toil" and "as a result of the disturbances in Egypt" he could no longer access the official records (a fragment cited by Photius in his *Bibliotheca* Cod. 250.110, 460b). 

## Writings
Agatharchides was not well known in ancient times. Of his two major works, *Affairs in Asia* (*Ta kata ten Asian*) in ten books, and *Affairs in Europe* (*Ta kata ten Europen*) in forty-nine books, only a few fragments survive, too few to provide us with any sense of the contents of either work. However, for his *On the Erythraean Sea* (*Peri tes Erythras Thalasses* or *De Mari Erythraeo*) in five books, almost the entire fifth book, a geographical treatise on the Horn of Africa and the lands around the Red Sea, has survived almost intact. According to Burstein, "the comparative soberness of Agatharchides' treatment compared to previous accounts and the wealth of information contained in it led to a quick recognition . . . [that it was] a valuable summary of the results of Ptolemaic exploration."

In the first book of *On the Erythraean Sea* was a discussion respecting the origin of the name. In the fifth Agatharchides described the mode of life amongst the Sabaeans in Arabia, and the Ichthyophagi, or fish-eaters, the way in which elephants were caught by the elephant-eaters, and the mode of working the gold mines in the mountains of Egypt, near the Red Sea. His account of the Ichthyophagi and of the mode of working the gold mines, has been copied by Diodorus (iii.12-18). Amongst other extraordinary animals he mentions the camelopard, which was found in the country of the Troglodytae, and the rhinoceros.

An Agatharchides, of Samos, is mentioned by Plutarch, as the author of a work on Persia, and one περὶ λίθων. J.A. Fabricius, however,  the true reading is Agathyrsides, not Agatharchides. 

## Namesake
The crater Agatharchides on the Moon is named in his honour.

## References
*

## Further reading
*Burstein, Stanley M., translator and editor. *Works Issued by the Hakluyt Society: Agatharchides of Cnidus, On the Erythraean Sea.* Second series, no. 172. London: Hakluyt Society, 1989.
* 

## Other websites
*Greek text and latin translation of the *On the Erythraean Sea* (excerpta) in Karl Müller's *Geographi Graeci Minores*, Vol.1, Paris, 1855. Internet Archive.
List of objects dropped on New Year's Eve

On New Year's Eve, several places (mostly in North America) mark the starts for New Years by lowering or raising an object. Many of these events have strong similarity to the Times Square New Year's celebrations that began in New York City back in December 1907 when they rang in 1908. Three years before the Ball Drop got started was when Times Square began celebrating New Year's. The Times Square Ball lowering events take place one minute before midnight their time.

Between 1½ billion and 2 billion people celebrate while looking at the New York Times Square Ball Dropping.

## Atlantic and Eastern Times
Other places in the United States and Canada celebrate with other drops/object lowering and raising. These include the Miami Orange Drop, a similar New Year's Eve dropping in Orlando, a pineapple symbol lowered in Sarasota, a sardine symbol lowering for Eastport, Maine. They also drop a maple leaf symbol on the Atlantic Time celebrating when the New Year begins from there.

In the city of York, Pennsylvania, white roses are lowered almost each December 31. 

In Buffalo, New York another ball is dropped. The drop is, though, performed by manual operation.

## Central, Mountain and Pacific Time regions
In Fort Smith, Arkansas at Garrison Avenue and 6th Street, a Ball Drop celebration almost like New York is performed. In New Orleans, fleur de lys are brought down. The fleur de lys drops are shown on ''Dick Clark's New Year's Rockin' Eve'' almost every New Years Eve Night. Tulsa, Oklahoma also performs a Central Time Area Ball Drop on New Years Eve.

In Seattle, Washington, when New Year's Eve celebrations are performed, the Space Needle's elevators are raised (sent up).

## COVID-19 cancelations
In December 2020 in most places, and for some the following year, New Year's raising and lowering parties were canceled or restricted for COVID-19 reasons and scheduling interference related to the COVID-19 situation.

## References
Eastport, Maine

**Eastport** is a coastal city in Maine near the New Brunswick (Canadian) border. The city was reported as of 2020 as having 1,288 people living there.

The population of Eastport for 1900 was 5,311.

## References
Strix

***Strix*** is a genus of owls in the typical owl family (Strigidae).

This is one of the two living families of owls, the other being the barn owls (Tytonidae). Common names for *Stryx* are **earless owls**, though they are not the only owls without ear tufts. "Wood owl" is also used as a more generic name for forest-dwelling owls. Neotropical  birds in the genus *Ciccaba* are sometimes included in *Strix*.

These are medium-sized to large, robustly built, powerful owls. They do not have ear tufts and most are nocturnal woodland birds. They eat small mammals, birds, and reptiles.
Okatana Constituency

**Okatana Constituency** is an electoral constituency in the Oshana Region of northern Namibia. It had 15,562 residents in 2004 and 9,111 registered voters . Its capital is Okatana.

## Politics 
Oktana constituency is dominated by South West Africa People's Organization (SWAPO) party. In the 2015 local and regional elections the SWAPO candidate won uncontested and became councillor after no opposition party nominated a candidate. The SWAPO candidate won the 2020 regional election by a large margin. Edmund Iishuwa of the SWAPO party obtained 3,477 votes, followed by George Uusiku of the Independent Patriots for Change with 715 votes, Joakim Kanisius Shaapota (independent) with 204 votes and Jafet Kleopas N. of the Popular Democratic Movement party with 37 votes.

## References
Dryophytes arboricola

The **arboreal tree frog** (*Dryophytes arboricola*) is a frog that lives high in the hills in Mexico's Sierra Madre del Sur in Guerrero.

## References
Windhoek Rural

(yellow)]]
**Windhoek Rural** is part of the Khomas Region in the middle of Namibia. Its district capital city is Groot Aub. It had a population of 22,254 in 2011, up from 20,212 in 2001. , it has 13,625 registered voters.

Agriculture is the biggest way to make money in Windhoek Rural.  Gardening, seed production, and firewood collection are big too.  90% of the land in Windhoek Rural is farmland run for profit.

## Politics 
Frederick Arie won the 2004 regional election. Arie is in the SWAPO Party. Arie replaced Albert Tsuoub of the Democratic Turnhalle Alliance (DTA). The 2015 regional election were also won by SWAPO whose Penina Ita gained 2,372 votes. Willem Hendrik Vries of the Democratic Turnhalle Alliance (DTA) came second with 848 votes, followed by Bernard Gaoseb of the Republican Party (RP) with 415 votes.

Piet Adams won the 2020 regional election. Adams is in the Landless People's Movement (LPM). He had 1,645 votes, followed by Johannes Elago (SWAPO) with 1,563 votes. Magdalena Haukelo of the Independent Patriots for Change (IPC), came in third with 1,099 votes, followed by Marthineo Dierkse of the Popular Democratic Movement (PDM) with 714 votes.

## References
Aura Herzog

**Aura Herzog** (Hebrew: אורה הרצוג) ( **Ambache**, 24 December 1924 – 10 January 2022) was an Israeli social activist and philanthropist. She was the First Lady of Israel from 1983 to 1993. She was the wife of Chaim Herzog, the sixth President of the State of Israel and mother of the current president, Isaac Herzog. 

In 1968, she founded the Council for a Beautiful Israel.

Herzog died on 10 January 2022, at the age of 97.

## References
Reuma Weizman

**Reuma Weizman** (Hebrew: ראומה ויצמן ; née **Schwartz**; 18 August 1925 &ndash; 15 April 2025) was an Israeli public personality and philanthropist. She was the wife of the seventh President of the State of Israel Ezer Weizman. She was the First Lady of Israel from May 13, 1993 to July 13, 2000.

Weizman died on 15 April 2025 in Or Akiva, Israel at the age of 99.

## References
Sekta Archaeological Living Museum

The **Sekta Archaeological Living Museum** () is a museum in Sekta, Manipur. It is a protected archaeological site. It is one of the 6 mounds identified in the region. It is known for its secondary burial sites. This site was excavated by the Archaeological Survey of India in association with the State Archaeology Department of Manipur. The Department of History of the Manipur University also participated in the excavations in 1991.

## Location 
The archaeological excavation was carried out in Sekta village. Presently, it is an open air living museum. It is located about  from Imphal and  north of Lamlai. The place is situated at the Imphal-Ukhrul road. It is to the northeastern direction of Imphal on the left bank of the Iril River. These excavations of the burial cum habitation area dated to late centuries BC. The archaeologist and historians have been able to reassess the historical link to the people of Ancient Manipur (Antique Kangleipak). According to an evaluation, more than one group of people lived within exclusive burial areas depending on their occupation in the burial mound. The excavations were divided, stratification wise, to 7 cultural periods in succession. The findings include different types of urns, containing several funerary items and a relic casket. The funerary items are made of copper, brass and iron. The relic casket is made of bell metal.
## References 
## Other websites 
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Alfred Gager

**Alfred Gager** (10 February 1942 – 10 January 2022) was an Austrian footballer. He played in six games for the Austria national football team from 1962 to 1963. Gager also played for FC Admira Wacker Mödling. He was born in Vienna, Austria.

Gager died on 10 January 2022 in Vienna, at the age of 79.
## International statistics
## References
Andrew Jennings

**Andrew Jennings** (3 September 1943 – 8 January 2022) was a British investigative reporter. He was best known for his work investigating and writing about corruption in the IOC and FIFA. He was also known for his appearances in the programme *Panorama*.

Jennings died from an aortic aneurysm on 8 January 2022, at the age of 78.

## References
## Other websites
*Transparency in Sport (His Personal website)
*
2022 Philadelphia apartment fire

On the morning of January 5, 2022, a fire happened at a row house-apartments in the Fairmount neighborhood of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States. Twelve people were killed, eight of them children. Two other people were injured. Eight others escaped unharmed.

## References
Irene Visser

**Irene Visser** (born 10 September 1979) is a Dutch speed skater.

Visser finished fourth at the 1999 World Junior Speed Skating Championships.  She won a bronze medal, at the 1999 KNSB Dutch Allround Championships .

## References
Martine Oosting

**Martine Oosting** (born 26 April 1973) is a Dutch speed skater. She competed at the 2000/2001, 2001/2002, and 2002/2003 ISU Speed Skating World Cup.

In 1997, Oosting was Dutch champion in the 3000 and 5000 meters, and third in the 1500 meters. In 1996 and 2002 she won a silver medal in the 5000 meters. 

Her best ranking at a Dutch all-round championship was a fourth place in 2002.

## References 
## Other websites 
* SpeedskatingResults.com - Martine OOSTING
Hermine Karagheuz

**Hermine Karagheuz** (2 December 1938 Paris - 30 April 2021 Paris) was a French-Armenian actress, writer and photographer.

She debuted in 1967 in *Monsieur Fugue* . She was Eponime in the 1972 mini-series *Les Miserables*.

## References
Eveline Saalberg

**Eveline Saalberg** (born 30 July 1998 in Arnhem) is a Dutch athlete, who specializes in the 400 metres and 400 metres hurdles. In 2019, she was Dutch champion.

## Career 
Saalberg made her breakthrough at the Dutch top at the Dutch championships in 2019 in The Hague. She won the title in the 400 m hurdles here.

In the autumn of 2019, Saalberg joined the training group of  Laurent Meuwly. She competed at the 2021 World Athletics Relays, in the Women's 4x400 metres relay.

She studied medicine at Maastricht University.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Eveline Saalberg - Alamy
Margherita, Archduchess of Austria-Este

**Margherita, Archduchess of Austria-Este** (*née* Princess Margherita of Savoy-Aosta; 7 April 1930 – 10 January 2022) was an Italian aristocrat. She was the first-born child of the late Amedeo, 3rd Duke of Aosta, and Princess Anne d'Orléans.

She was married to Robert, Archduke of Austria-Este from 1953 until his death in 1996. They had five children; including Prince Lorenz of Belgium.

Margherita died on 10 January 2022 in Basel, Switzerland at the age of 91.

## References
Robert, Archduke of Austria-Este

**Robert, Archduke of Austria-Este** (given names: ''Robert Karl Ludwig Maximilian Michael Maria Anton Franz Ferdinand Joseph Otto Hubert Georg Pius Johannes Marcus d'Aviano''; 8 February 1915 – 7 February 1996), was the second son of Karl I and Princess Zita of Bourbon-Parma. He was also known as **Robert Karl Erzherzog von Österreich**.

## References
Princess Astrid of Belgium

**Princess Astrid of Belgium, Archduchess of Austria-Este** (born 5 June 1962), is the second child and first daughter of King Albert II and Queen Paola. She is the younger sister to the current Belgian monarch, King Philippe. She is married to Prince Lorenz of Belgium. She is known for her humanitarian missions to Middle Eastern countries.

Biography 

Princess Astrid was born one day before her father's 28th birthday at the  

## Titles 
5 June 1962-22 September 1984: Her Royal HighnessPrincess Astrid  of  Belgium 

22 September 1984-present Her Imperial Highness and Royal Highness Princess Astrid of Belgium,  Archduchess of Austria-Este, Princess Imperial of Austria, Princess Royal of Hungary and Bohemia, Princess of Modena 

## References
Queen Paola of Belgium

**Paola** (born Donna **Paola Ruffo di Calabria**; born 11 September 1937) is a member of the Belgian royal family. She was Queen of the Belgians from 1993 to 2013. She is the wife of the King Albert II.

## Titles and Styles 
11 September 1937-2 July 1959: Donna Paola Ruffo di Calabria

2 July 1959-9 August 1993: Her Royal Highness The Princess of Liege 

9 August 1993-21 July 2013: Her Majesty The Queen of the Belgians 

21 July 2013-present: Her Majesty Queen Paola of Belgium 

## References
## Other websites
*Biography on the official Belgian monarchy web site
Nancy B. Jackson

**Nancy B. Jackson** (March 1, 1956 – January 3, 2022) was an American chemist. She was known for her works about alternative fuels. She was president of the American Chemical Society in 2011. 

Jackson died on 3 January 2022, in Albuquerque, New Mexico at the age of 65.

## References
West Allis, Wisconsin

**West Allis** is a city in Milwaukee County, Wisconsin, United States. It is a suburb of Milwaukee, Wisconsin. The population was 60,325 at the 2020 census.

## References
Richard Freed

**Richard Freed** (December 27, 1928 – January 1, 2022) was an American music critic, program annotator and administrator. He was known for the concert program notes he wrote for many orchestras and ensembles in the United States. He was born in Chicago. He won a Grammy Award in 1995.

Freed died on January 1, 2022 in Rockville, Maryland from a heart attack, five days after his 93rd birthday.

## References
Nils A. Røhne

**Nils Amund Røhne** (20 April 1949 &ndash; 10 January 2022) was a Norwegian politician. He was a member of the Labour Party. He was born in Stange, Norway. From 1996 until 1997, he was State Secretary in the Ministry of Trade. He was also a member of the Storting from 1997 until 2009.

Røhne died on 10 January 2022 in Oslo, Norway at the age of 72.

## References
Sara Bahrami

**Sara Bahrami** is an Iranian actress, born on 19 September 1982 in Isfahan, Iran. 

Her  debut was in Parvaneh TV series displayed in Iran's TV in 2013. She also took part in another TV series entitled *PardeNeshin* (2015) which made her more and more known in Iranian society. Born in the central Iranian city of Isfahan, Sara Bahrami has studied Theater at university. She won Crystal Simorgh in 2018 as the best actress in a leading role, and in 2019 she won the best actress award at the Persian Film Festival.

## References 
## Other websites
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Laudenbach, Bavaria

*For other places with the same name, see Laudenbach (disambiguation)*

**Laudenbach** is a municipality in the Miltenberg district in the region of Lower Franconia in Bavaria, Germany and a member of the Administrative Community of Kleinheubach.

## Geography 
### Place 
Laudenbach is right on the Bavarian Lower Main between Miltenberg and Obernburg, and borders on the Odenwald.

It is relatively well linked to the highway network by *Bundesstraße* 469. The Frankfurt Rhine Main Region’s hub can be reached quickly by car or train.

### Neighbouring communities 
The next community down the Main is Klingenberg am Main, and the next one upstream is Kleinheubach.

### Combinations 
The hamlet of Brunnthal in Hessen, which belongs to Michelstadt’s outlying centre of Vielbrunn, is co-administered by Laudenbach.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Community’s official webpage
Prince Lorenz of Belgium

**Prince Lorenz of Belgium, Archduke of Austria-Este** (born 16 December 1955)  He is a member of the Belgian royal family by his marriage with Princess Astrid of Belgium. Since 1996 he is also head of the House of Austria-Este.

Early Life

Prince Lorenz was born at Clinique du Belvedere in Boulogne-Billancourt, Hauts-de-Seine, France as the second child and eldest son of Robert, Archduke of Austria-Este, and his wife Archduchess Margaret (nee Princess Margherita of Savoy-Aosta). He is the grandson of Charles I of Austria, the last Emperor of Austria. 

He and his uncle Carl Ludwig, complained about the constitutional provision that prohibited members of the former ruling dynasty from running in the Austrian presidential elections, and the terms under which their family was banished from the country. Their subsequent appeal to the European Commission for Human Rights was ruled inadmissible by the court. Further, in June 2011, the Habsburg Law was repealed by the Austrian Parliament.  

Marriage and Issue   

On 22 September 1984, at the Church of Our Lady of Victories at the Sablon in Brussels, Prince Lorenz married Princess Astrid of Belgium, the only daughter of the then-Prince and Princess of Liege, later King Albert II of Belgium and Queen Paola of Belgium. The couple has five children: Prince Amedeo of Belgium (born 21 February 1986) Princess Maria Laura of Belgium (26 August 1988) Prince Joachim of Belgium (9 December 1991) Princess Luisa Maria  of Belgium (11 October 1995) Princess Laetitia Maria of Belgium (23 April 2003)   

## Titles and Styles 
16 December 1955-10 November 1955: His Imperial Highness and Royal Highness Archduke Lorenz of Austria-Este, Prince Imperial of Austria, Prince Royal of Hungary, Bohemia and Croatia 

10 November 1955-7 February 1996: His Imperial Highness and Royal Highness Prince Lorenz of Belgium, Archduke of Austria-Este

7 February 1996-present: His Imperial Highness and Royal Highness Prince Lorenz of Belgium, The Archduke of Austria-Este, Prince Imperial of Austria, Prince Royal of Hungary and Bohemia, Prince of Modena

## References
Volodymyr Pak

**Volodymyr Petrovich Pak** (; 17 June 1934 – 6 January 2022) was a Ukrainian politician. He was a member of the People's Union "Our Ukraine. He was in the Verkhovna Rada from 2005 to 2006. Pak was born in Stanisławów Voivodeship, Second Polish Republic.

Pak died in Kyiv, Ukraine on 6 January 2022, at the age of 87.

## References
Jo Manning

**Joanne Elizabeth Manning** (December 10, 1923 – January 6, 2022) was a Canadian sketch artist, painter and author.

She taught or ran workshops at Centennial College (1967–71) and Sheridan College (1971-74). She also taught at the Hockley Valley School of Art (1970–74), Elliot Lake (1970–72), University of Toronto (1975) and other places.

Manning died by euthanasia in Victoria, British Columbia, Canada on January 6, 2022, at the age of 98.

## References
Antoni Dalmau

**Antoni Dalmau i Ribalta** (13 March 1951 – 5 January 2022) was a Catalan politician and writer. He was a member of the Socialists' Party of Catalonia. He was in the Parliament of Catalonia from 1988 to 1999. He was President of the Provincial Deputation of Barcelona from 1982 to 1987. He was born in Igualada, Spain.

Dalmau died on 5 January 2022 in Igualada from problems caused by a fall, at the age of 70.

## References
Fair (event)

A **fair** is a gathering of people for entertainment or business related activities. A fair may last for one or several days or weeks and often happens every year at a specific place. 
## Types
) are traditional attractions, often seen at fairs]]
* Village fair, a festival, party or celebration that happens every year or every few years. Traditionally, they were held to celebrate a good harvest or as religious gatherings.
* Traveling funfair or carnival, an amusement show made up of amusement rides, food stalls, stalls selling things, games of "chance and skill", thrill acts and (now less often) animal acts.
* A town/city's street fair or market celebrates the character of a neighborhood and local merchants.
* County fair (USA) or county show (UK), a public event displaying the equipment, animals, like cattle or horses, sports and recreation associated with agriculture and animal breeding.
* Regional or state fair, an annual competition and recreation get-together. Including exhibits or competitors that have won a prize at the local fairs.
* Trade fair, an event held so that companies in an industry can showcase and demonstrate their latest products and services, study activities of rivals, and examine recent market trends and opportunities.
* Festival, an event  with a theme e.g. music, art, season, tradition, history, ethnicity, religion, or a national holiday.

## History
 1590]]

'', painting by Rosa Bonheur (1852-1855)]]
The Roman fairs were holidays on which  work and court cases stopped. In the Roman provinces of Judea and Syria Palaestina, Jewish rabbis stopped Jews from taking part in fairs in certain towns because the religious nature of the fairs contravened the prescribed practice of Judaism.

In the Middle Ages, many fairs developed as short-lasting markets and were very important for long-distance and international trade. Traders travelled, sometimes for many days, to fairs where they could be sure to meet those they needed to buy from or sell to. Fairs were usually tied to special Christian religious events, such as the Saint's day of the local church. Stagshaw, in England, held annual fairs as early as 1293 consisting of the sales of animals. Along with the main fair held on 4 July, the city also hosted smaller fairs throughout the year where certain types of animals were sold, such as one for horses, one for lambs, and one for ewes.

The Kumbh Mela, held every twelve years, at Allahabad, Haridwar, Nashik, and Ujjain is one of the largest fairs in India, where more than 60 million people gathered in January 2001, making it the largest gathering anywhere in the world. *Kumbha* means a pitcher and *Mela* means *fair* in Sanskrit.

In the United States, fairs draw in as many as 150 million people each summer. Children's competitions at an American fair range from breeding small animals to robotics, whilst the organization 4-H has become a traditional association.

## References
## Other websites
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Pomato

The **pomato** is a grafted plant. It is a combination of a tomato plant and a potato plant.  The gardener grafts the two plants together: The gardener cuts and ties two separate plants so that they grow together.

Tomatoes and potatoes are both in the family *Solanaceae*. In a pomato, cherry tomatoes grow on the vine or shoot part of the plant and white potatoes grow in the soil underground from the same plant.

This plant does not occur in nature and does not grow from seeds. The two parts of the pomato plant remain genetically separate, but, after they are grafted, they need each other to live and grow.

Pomato plants are one way to make food production more efficient.  This way, more food can be made on the same amount of land.  That makes the pomato good for city gardens, for example gardens on balconies. Grafted pomato plants began in the United Kingdom in September 2013. A horticultural mail-order company Thompson & Morgan started selling grafted plants under the brand name "TomTato".

## References
Teatro Real

**Teatro Real** (Royal Theatre) or simply *El Real,* is a major opera house in Madrid, Spain. It was founded in 1818 and opened on 19 November 1850. It closed in 1925 and reopened in 1966. It has 1,746 seats. Today the Teatro Real opera is one of the great theaters of Europe.

## References