open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Firoza Begum

**Firoza Begum** (28 July 1930 &ndash; 9 September 2014) was a Bangladeshi musician. She was a *Nazrul Geeti* singer. She was considered an icon of the Indian subcontinent. In 1979, she was awarded with the Independence Day Award. She was also awarded the Sheltech Award in 2000.

Begum was born in Faridpur District, British Raj. Her family were Muslim. She was married to music director Kamal Das Gupta. They had three sons: Tahsin, Hamin and musician Shafin Ahmed.

Begum died from heart and kidney failure on 9 September 2014 in Dhaka. She was 84. At the time of her death, she also had jaundice.

## References
## Other websites
*
Jerome Ehlers

**Jerome Francis Ehlers ** (20 December 1958 &ndash; 9 August 2014) was an Australian actor and screenwriter. His movie roles included *Two Hands* (1999), *Ned Kelly* (2003), *The Marine* (2006). He also made appearances in television series such as *The New Adventures of Flipper* and *House Husbands*. He also wrote the movie *After the Rain* (2000).

Ehlers was born in Perth, Western Australia. He was married twice and had two sons, Ethan and Jackson.

Ehlers died from cancer on 9 August 2014 in Sydney, New South Wales. He was 55.

## References
## Other websites
* 
*
Ventricles of brain

The **ventricles** are hollow spaces in the human brain. They contain cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). There are four ventricles in a human brain.
This is the **ventricular system**: it continues as the central canal of the spinal cord. The ventricles are interconnected: this allows the flow of cerebrospinal fluid. 

The ventricle lining is an epithelium-like membrane. The CSF is produced by cells of this lining.
Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs

The **Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs** is a *Billboard* chart that ranks the top 50 most popular R&B and Hip hop  songs in the United States. The chart is ranked by *Billboard*. Since it has started, the chart has been renamed many times to accurately reflect the music industry at that time. There is also a chart called the **Bubbling Under R&B/Hip-Hop Singles** which ranks the top 25 songs that are making progress onto the main R&B/hip-hop chart.

## References
## Other websites 
*Billboard Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart
*Bubbling Under R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart
Barnett Newman

**Barnett Newman** (January 29, 1905 &ndash; July 4, 1970) was an American artist. He is one of the major figures in abstract expressionism, and a leading "color field" painter.

Newman was born in New York City, the son of Jewish immigrants from Poland. He studied philosophy at the City College of New York and worked in his father's business making clothing. He later made a living as a teacher, writer and critic. From the 1930s on he made paintings said to be in an expressionist style. He later destroyed all these works.

Throughout the 1940s he worked in a surrealist vein before developing his mature style. This has areas of pure color separated by thin vertical lines, or "zips" as Newman called them. In the first works featuring zips, the color fields are variegated, but later the colors are pure and flat. Newman himself thought that he reached his fully mature style with the Onement series (from 1948). The zips define the spatial structure of the painting, while simultaneously dividing and uniting the composition.

Newman died of a heart attack in New York City. He was unappreciated as an artist for much of his life, being overlooked in favour of more colorful characters such as Jackson Pollock. Some critics wrote admiringly about him, but it was not until the end of his life that he began to be taken seriously. He was, however, an important influence on many younger artists.

## Other websites 
* See his work at artsy.net: https://www.artsy.net/artist/barnett-newman

## References
Emilio Botín

**Emilio Botín-Sanz de Sautuola y García de los Ríos**  (1 October 1934 &ndash; 10 September 2014) was a Spanish banker and businessman. He was the Executive Chairman of Grupo Santander until his death. The bank is the largest in the Eurozone. He was a billionaire.

Botín was born in Santander, Cantabria. He was married to Spanish nobility Paloma O'Shea, giving Botín an extended title. They had six children: Ana, Carmen, Carolina, Paloma, Javier and Emilio. He was a Roman Catholic.

Botín died from a heart attack on 10 September 2014 in Madrid. He was 79. His eldest daughter Ana now has his job as Chair of Santander.

## References
## Other websites
* 
* Emilio Botín  at the Grupo Santander website
Kitchee S.C.

**Kitchee Sports Club** () is a Hong Kong sports club best known for its football team. Their home stadium is Mong Kok Stadium.

## Honours
### Domestic
* **Hong Kong Premier League**
*Winners (6)**:** 2014–15, 2016–17, 2017–18, 2019–20, 2020–21, 2022–23*

*Runners-up (1):* 2015–16
***Hong Kong First Division League**
*Winners (6):* 1947–48, 1949–50, 1963–64, 2010–11, 2011–12, 2013–14

*Runners-up (7):* 1952–53, 1954–55, 1956–57, 2003–04, 2006–07, 2008–09, 2012–13
***Hong Kong Senior Challenge Shield**
*Winners (8):* 1949–50, 1953–54, 1959–60, 1963–64, 2005–06, 2016–17, 2018–19, 2022–23

*Finalists (6):* 1948–49, 1951–52, 1955–56, 2007–08, 2009–10, 2014–15

* **Hong Kong Sapling Cup**

*Winners (2):* 2017–18, 2019–20
* **Hong Kong FA Cup**
*Winners (7):* 2011–12, 2012–13, 2014–15, 2016–17, 2017–18, 2018–19, 2022–23

*Finalists (2):* 2003–04, 2013–14

* **Hong Kong League Cup**

*Winners (5):* 2005–06, 2006–07, 2011–12, 2014–15, 2015–16

* **Hong Kong Junior Challenge Shield**

*Winners (2): 1951–52, 1998–99*

* **Hong Kong Community Shield**

*Winners (1):* 2009

* **Hong Kong Community Cup**

*Winners (2):* 2017, 2018

*Finalists (3)*: 2014, 2015, 2016

* **Hong Kong Season Play-off**

*Winners (2):* 2012–13, 2015–16
Kelly Lynch

**Kelly Lynch** (born January 31, 1959) is an American actress. She played Connie in *Three of Hearts* and Madison Carter in *Virtuosity*. She was born in Golden Valley, Minnesota.

## References
Rashi Fein

**Rashi Fein**, Litt.D., Ph.D., (February 6, 1926 – September 8, 2014) was an American economist and professor. He was called the 'Father of Medicare'. He was Professor of Economics of Medicine, Emeritus at Harvard Medical School. He was the author of the book *Medical Care, Medical Costs: The Search for a Health Insurance Policy*.

He was the brother of activist Leonard J. Fein.

Fein died in Boston, Massachusetts from unknown causes, aged 87.

## References
Bob Suter

**Robert Allen Suter** (May 16, 1957&nbsp;– September 9, 2014) was an American ice hockey player. He was a former ice hockey defenseman. He was a member of the Miracle on Ice 1980 U.S. Olympic hockey team won the gold medal.

He was the brother of former National Hockey League (NHL) player Gary Suter and father of current NHL player Ryan Suter and Garrett Suter who plays for the University of Wisconsin–Stevens Point in the Northern Collegiate Hockey Association. His nephew Jeremy Dehner is currently playing for KHL team Jokerit.

Suter died on September 9, 2014, of a heart attack suffered at Capitol Ice Arena, aged 57.

## References
IPhone 6

The **iPhone 6** and **iPhone 6 Plus** are smartphones that are designed and made by Apple Inc. They were shared along with the Apple Watch at an Apple event on September 9, 2014. They were released on September 19, 2014. They both serve as a nest to the iPhone 5S. These models mark the first big increases in screen size since the screen of the iPhone 5, measuring at 4.7 inches and 5.5 inches.

## Sales 
The iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 Plus is the one of best-selling touchscreen phone of all time with ten million sold units in first week of release. On September 2016, Apple stopped selling iPhone 6 and 6 Plus.

## Features 
The iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 Plus have Apple A8 Bionic Chipset, The iPhone 6 has a 4.7 inch IPS screen and The iPhone 6 Plus has a 5.5 inch IPS screen. The iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 Plus runs iOS 8. They can upgrade the other versions like iOS 9, iOS 10, iOS 11 and iOS 12 when came out. The iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 Plus cannot upgrade to iOS 13. The iPhone 6 has an 1810mAh battery capacity and The iPhone 6 Plus has a 2915mAh battery capacity. The iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 Plus have an 8MP rear camera and 1.2MP front camera.

The iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 Plus have 1GB RAM. for the iPhone 6 has 16GB, 32GB, 64GB and 128GB Storage. For the iPhone 6 Plus has 16GB, 64GB and 128GB storage.
## Related pages 
*Apple Watch

## References 
## Other websites 
* Official website
Apple Watch

The **Apple Watch** is an electronic watch from Apple Inc. It has been available to buy in stores and online since early 2015.

The Apple Watch can do things like measuring a user’s heartbeat and works like a walkie-talkie when used together with an iPhone 5 or a newer iPhone. It can also access the Internet to download and run apps. Because of this, many people call it a "smartwatch".

The Apple Watch was released on April 24, 2015 and quickly became the best-selling wearable device with 4.2 million sold in the second quarter of 2015.

The second generation of Apple Watches was released in September 2016: the Apple Watch Series 1 and Apple Watch Series 2, while the first generation was discontinued.

The Apple Watch Series 3 was released on September 22, 2017 alongside the discontinuation of the Apple Watch Series 2.

The Apple Watch Series 4 was announced on September 12, 2018.

## Features 
The Apple Watch works with Apple Pay, a mobile payment service that allows users to use their Apple Watch to pay for things. It was announced at the same event that the watch was announced. It can control the Apple TV, act as a walkie-talkie, and lets users control the iPhone camera.

## Related pages 
* iPod Nano (6th generation), an iPod that can also be used as a watch.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Official website
Sunglasses

**Sunglasses** are dark tinted eyeglasses. They are often worn to protect the eyes from sunlight or as a fashion accessory. Some of the most popular brands include:
*Ray-ban
*Oakley
*Prada
*Polaroid
*Gucci
*Emporio Armani Eyewear
*DKNY
*Emblem Eyewear
*Arnette Eyewear
*Panto Glasses

Common frame styles include
* **Aviators** - Frames with a double bar nose bridge and often teardrop shaped lenses.
***Wayfarers** - Thicker plastic frames with metal dots at the top corner of the glasses.
***Wraparound glasses** - Where the lenses are curved around the face, offering greater protection and a wider field of vision.
***Clip-on sunglasses** - Frames akin to Pince-nez made to clip onto the front of a pair of prescription eyeglasses.
***Fit over glasses** - Designed to be donned over prescription glasses.

Common lens tints include
***grey** - A neutral color
***brown** - A color that gives better contrast and a "warmer" hue
***green** - Ideal for golf and certain other sports
***yellow** - good for overcast conditions, computers or night driving.
***Blue-** In terms of fashion.

Tint intensities. The darkness of a lens tint is usually categorized in percentage or a category of four system.

***Category one tints** are the lightest and mainly for fashion usage. Category one tints are usually 10 or 20% tinted.
***Category two tints** are great for photosensitivity caused by indoor florescent lighting and correspond with 30% to 50% darkness
***Category three tints** are standard sunglass level 60% to 80% tint.
***Category four tints** are for the brightest of sunny days. These tints are usually 75% to 90%.
***Gradient lenses** have a darker tint at the top and goes lighter further down the lenses.

Other words for sunglasses include:

***Sunnies** - most common in British and Australian English
***dark glasses**
***Smoked spectacles** - Used especially for the nearly opaque glasses of the blind
***Solar shields** - Sunglasses with overly large lenses
***Cooling glasses** - In Indian English
***Glares** - In Indian English
***Shades**
***Stunna shades** - Sunglasses with large lenses. Used in hip-hop circles
***Glecks** - A term for both eyeglasses and sunglasses in Scottish English
***Sun cheaters** - In American English
Howell Evans

**Howell Evans** (3 March 1928 &ndash; 9 September 2014) was a Welsh actor, comedian, and singer. He worked in television and theatre. He worked more than 60 years. He played "Daddy" in the Sky1 TV comedy drama series *Stella*.

Evans died on 9 September 2014. He was 86 years old.

## References
## Other websites
*
Sachal Sarmast

Hazrat *Sain* (Saint) **Sachal Sarmast** (1730-1829), whose real name was **Abdul Wahab Faruqi**, was a famous mystic poet and Sufi of Sindh (now in Pakistan). 

Sachal wrote poems about his love of God. He spent most of his life teaching that all human beings - of all religions, colours and groups - are bound together by the Divine Love.

His shrine is at Daraza village, Ranipur, close to Khairpur, Pakistan. 

## References
Harold Shipp

**Harold Gordon Shipp** (January 21, 1926 – September 7, 2014) was a Canadian businessman and philanthropist. He was the chairman of Shipp Corporation Limited. He was born in East York of Toronto, Ontario.

Shipp died after a short illness at the Trillium Hospital in Mississauga, Ontario on September 7, 2014, aged 88.

## References
Orunamamu

**Orunamamu** (**Mary Beth Washington**; 4 April 1921 4 September 2014) was an American-Canadian professional storyteller and teacher. Her storytelling led her on journeys across the United States including Alaska, overseas to the United Kingdom and Egypt. She moved to Canada during her final years.

Orunamamu died at the age of 93 in a hospital in Calgary, Alberta.

## References
## For more information
* 
* 
* 
* }
*}
* }
Richard Kiel

**Richard Dawson Kiel** (September 13, 1939 – September 10, 2014) was an American actor. Standing 7 feet 2 inches (2.18 m) tall and often referred to as "the Gentle Giant". He was best known and remembered for his role as Voltaire to Dr. Miguelito Loveless in the first season episodes of *The Wild, Wild West* (1965-1966). Keil was also known for his prominent role as Jaws in the *James Bond movies* The Spy Who Loved Me and Moonraker. Keil's movie and television acting career lasted over 50 years.

## Early life
Kiel was born and raised in Detroit, Michigan. He then moved to Fresno, California and began his acting career in Hollywood.

## Acting career
Kiel began his acting career in 1960. His first television role was in the television show *Laramie* and his first movie role was in the 1961 movie *The Phantom Planet*.

Kiel also played the role of the  titanium-toothed Bond villain Jaws in the James Bond movies *The Spy Who Loved Me* (1977) and *Moonraker* (1985) as well as in the James Bond video game *Everything or Nothing*. He also played Mr. Larson in the 1996 comedy film *Happy Gilmore*. Richard also portrayed all of the Kanamits in the epic Twilight Zone episode "To Serve Man"

In 1986, Kiel was nominated for a Saturn Award for his role as Jaws in both *The Spy Who Loved Me* and *Moonraker*.

Kiel's last television role was in the 2000 television series *Bloodhounds, Inc.* and his last movie was in the 2010 animated movie *Tangled*, where he provided the voice for the character of Vladimir, a gigantic but soft-hearted thug who collects ceramic unicorns.

## Personal life
Kiel was originally married to Faye Daniels from 1960 until they divorced in 1973. Then, he was married for a second time to Diane Rogers from 1974 until his death in 2014. Both Kiel and Rogers had 4 children together.

Keil also had acromegaly, which creates too much growth hormones. In 2005, he also wrote his own autobiography "*Making It BIG In The Movies*".

### Death
Kiel died on September 10, 2014 in Fresno, California at the age of 74. Kiel died from a heart attack caused by coronary artery disease. He was 3 days away from turning 75. Prior to his death, Keil had been admitted to a hospital in Fresno after breaking his leg the previous week.

## References
## Other websites
*
Prism (geometry)

A **prism** is a three-dimensional shape, which is made of two polygons at each of its two ends. Each pair of polygon sides on the same axis will have a quadrilateral (four-sided shape) face between them.

There are an infinite number of different prisms, which can be based on a polygon with any number of sides.

A cube is a special kind of prism with squares for the faces on its ends and for the faces between them.
Guilin

**Guilin** is a prefecture-level city in the northeast of the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China. It is on the west  of the Li River. It is next to Hunan to the north. Its name means, "Forest of Sweet Osmanthus".  This is due to the large number of fragrant Sweet Osmanthus trees grown throughout the city. It has long been renowned for its  of karst rock formations. after 1949. There are many s including photographic tours.

Guilin covers an area of . It has a total population of about 5.3 million people.

## References 
## Other websites
*Guilin Travel Guide 
*Guilin Photo Gallery
Frank Farian

**Franz Reuther** (18 July 1961 – 23 January 2004), better known as **Frank Farian**, was a German record producer and songwriter. He is best known as founder of the 1970s disco group Boney M. He created the group Milli Vanilli. He has also been associated with other music groups.

He was born in Kirn, Germany. Farian died in Miami on 23 January 2004, at the age of 42.

## References
Joachim Fuchsberger

**Joachim "Blacky" Fuchsberger** (pronounced ; 11 March 1927 – 11 September 2014) was a German-Australian actor, television host, lyricist and businessman. He was known for his roles in *08/15*, *Der Frosch mit der Maske*, *The Dead Eyes of London*, *The Black Abbott*, and in *Im Banne des Unheimlichen*.

Fuchsberger died from multiple organ failure at his German home on 11 September 2014, aged 87.

## References
## Other websites
*
Antoine Duhamel

**Antoine Duhamel** (30 July 1925 – 11 September 2014) was a French composer, orchestra conductor and music teacher.

Duhamel was born in Valmondois in the Val-d'Oise département of France. Duhamel was the son of French writer Georges Duhamel and actress Blanche Albane. He studied music at the Sorbonne.

He wrote the score for his first movie in 1960. In 2002 he was awarded the Silver Bear at the Berlin Film Festival for his music for the Bertrand Tavernier directed movie, Laissez-passer.

Antoine Duhamel scored several of Jean-Luc Godard's movies, including *Pierrot le Fou* and *Week End*.

Duhamel died in Paris, France, aged, 89.

## References
Norman Cook

**Norman Cook** (born Quentin Leo Cook on 16 July 1963), known by his stage name **Fatboy Slim**, is an English musician, disc jockey, rapper, and record producer. He is known for songs like "Weapon of Choice", "The Rockafeller Skank", "Praise You", "Eat Sleep Rave Repeat", and "Right Here Right Now".

Cook was born in Bromley, Kent. He was raised in Reigate, Surrey. He married Zoe Ball in 1999. The couple have a son and daughter. They separated in 2016. 

## References
Bob Crewe

**Stanley Robert** "**Bob**" **Crewe** (November 12, 1931 &ndash; September 11, 2014) was an American singer-songwriter, dancer, manager, record producer and fine artist. His main genre of musical work was rock, pop, R&B and soul. He was best known for his work with *Jersey Boys* and The Four Seasons. His work with Frankie Valli and Bob Gaudio, made a string of Top 10 singles for The Four Seasons. He was also known for his hit recordings with Freddy Cannon, Lesley Gore, Michael Jackson, Bobby Darin, Roberta Flack and Patti LaBelle.

Crewe was born in Newark, New Jersey and raised in Belleville.

Crewe died on September 11, 2014 at his nursing home in Scarborough, Maine. He was 82.

## References
## Other websites
* 
*
Johnny Ace

**John Marshall Alexander Jr.** (June 9, 1929 – December 25, 1954), known by the stage name **Johnny Ace**, was an American rhythm-and-blues singer. He had many hit singles in his career. One of them was "Pledging My Love".

## Life and career
John Alexander was born in Memphis, Tennessee, the son of preacher John Marshall Alexander and Leslie Newsome,  and grew up near LeMoyne-Owen College.  He dropped out of high school to join the United States Navy. Alexander was reportedly AWOL for much of his duty. After he was discharged, Initially, they weren't an official band, but at times there was a leader and they played on each other's records.

## Death
He died after accidentally shooting himself in Houston, Texas. He was 25.

## References
Donald Sinden

**Sir Donald Alfred Sinden**  (9 October 1923 &ndash; 11 September 2014) was a British actor and writer. He got early fame as a Rank Organisation movie actor in the 1950s. He later became a Shakespearian and West End theatre actor and television sitcom star. He starred in *The Day of the Jackal* (1973). He appeared in the television series ''Two's Company* with American actress Elaine Stritch from 1975 until 1979. He and actor Windsor Davies starred in *Never the Twain'' from 1981 until 1991. His final acting credit was in 2012.

Sinden was born at St Budeaux in Plymouth, Devon. He grew up in Ditchling, Sussex. He was married to actress Diana Mahony from 3 May 1948 until her death from cancer on 15 September 2004, aged 77. They had two sons, actor Jeremy Sinden (1950&ndash;1996) and producer Marc Sinden (born 1954). Jeremy died from lung cancer, aged 45.

Sinden died from prostate cancer on 11 September 2014 in Romney Marsh, Kent, aged 90.

## References
## Other websites
*
Atef Ebeid

**Atef Muhammad Ebeid** (; 14 April 1932 &ndash; 12 September 2014) was an Egyptian politician. He was a member of the National Democratic Party. He served as the Prime Minister of Egypt from 5 October 1999 until 14 July 2004. Ahmed Nazif became PM after Atef Ebeid. He was sentenced to ten years in jail on 1 March 2012 for squandering public funds. He was acquitted in January 2013.

Ebeid was born in Tanta, Gharbiya Governorate to a Muslim family. He went to Cairo University and later became a teacher there.

Ebeid died on 12 September 2014 in Cairo, aged 82.

## References
Ayaan Hirsi Ali

**Ayaan Hirsi Ali** (born 13 November 1969) is a Dutch-American activist who was born in Somalia. She is known for being critical of female genital mutilation and Islam. She is the daughter of Somali politician Hirsi Magan Isse. In 2005 Hirsi Ali was in *Time* magazine's list of the 100 most influential people in the world. Hirsi Ali became an American citizen in 2013. She is married to British historian and public commentator Niall Ferguson.

## Early life
Hirsi Ali was born as **Ayaan Hirsi Magan** in 1969 in Mogadishu, Somalia. Her father Hirsi Magan Isse was put in prison when Hirsi Ali was a baby. She had female genital mutilation done to her when she was five years old. Hirsi Ali's family moved with her to Saudi Arabia then Ethiopia. In 1980 they moved again to Nairobi, Kenya. Hirsi Ali studied at a Muslim Girls' Secondary School.

## Life in the Netherlands and United States
In 1992 Hirsi Ali moved to the Netherlands. Between 1995 and 2001 she worked as a translator. 
She started working as a researcher for the Wiardi Beckman Foundation in 2001.
In 2002 she became an atheist. She became a member of the Dutch parliament in 2003. Hirsi Ali wrote the script for a short film directed by Theo Van Gogh called *Submission*. It was released in 2004. Mohammed Bouyeri killed Van Gogh on 2 November 2004. He left a note on Gogh's body. The note was a death threat to Hirsi Ali. In 2006 Hirsi Ali's second book translated in English, *The Caged Virgin: An Emancipation Proclamation for Women and Islam*, was published.

In 2013 Hirsi Ali became a naturalized US citizen.

In 2014 Brandeis University decided to give Hirsi Ali an honorary degree. Then she was not given the degree because of a campaign.

## Political views
Hirsi Ali supports Israel in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict.

## AHA Foundation
In 2007 Hirsi Ali started the AHA Foundation. The foundation is for women's rights.

## Related pages
*List of Dutch women politicians
## References
*  Bio at Parlement.com
Indian Military Historical Society

*a10*

= Indian Military Historical Society =

The **Indian Military Historical Society** is an organisation in the United Kingdom (UK).It was made in 1983.

The main purpose of the Society is to encourage research and study of the history of the old colonial British Indian Army, although some study is also done on the present day Indian Army and Pakistan Army too. Members of this organisation belong to the UK, and many countries from the British Commonwealth of Nations. It also publishes a well-known journal, *Durbar*, in which many historians and scholars print their research work. 

## References
Niscemi

**Niscemi** is a town and *comune* in the province of Caltanissetta, Sicily, Italy. It has a population of 28,152.
Royal Asiatic Society

The **Royal Asiatic Society** (RAS), in full the **Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland** was made in 1824, under a Royal Charter.

The main aim of this Society is to study and to do research on all kinds of subjects about Asia. The members (called 'Fellows') live in the United Kingdom and many other countries of the world, and they write 'FRAS' after their names, to show they are its members.

The Society also publishes the famous journal, *Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society*.

## Notable Fellows
*Henry Thomas Cranbrooke
*Sir Richard Francis Burton
*Thomas Manning
*Sir Stamford Raffles
*Raja Ram Mohan Roy
*Sir Syed Ahmed Khan
*Sir Aurel Stein
*Sir Wilfred Thesiger
*Rabindranath Tagore
*Ahmad Hasan Dani
*Eric Newby
*William Dalrymple
*Omer Tarin
*Tariq Rahman
*Ustad Ashish Khan Debsharma

## References
John Bardon

**John Michael Jones**, better known as **John Bardon** (25 August 1939 &ndash; 12 September 2014), was an English stage and movie actor. He was awarded the Laurence Olivier Award in 1988 (1987 season) as 'Best Actor in a Musical' for *Kiss Me, Kate*. Bardon was known for his role as Jim Branning on the popular BBC television series, *EastEnders*.

On 12 September 2014 the BBC announced that Bardon had died at the age of 75 in Hitchin, Hertfordshire, England.

## References
## Other websites
*
Stefan Gierasch

**Stefan Gierasch** (February 5, 1926 – September 6, 2014) was an American movie and television actor. He was known for his roles in *The Hustler*, *Jeremiah Johnson*, ''What's Up Doc?* *High Plains Drifter*, and *Carrie''.

Gierasch died on September 6, 2014 in Santa Monica, California at the age of 88.

## References
## Other websites
*
Delayed sleep phase disorder

**Delayed sleep phase disorder** is a circadian rhythm sleep disorder. It affects the timing of sleep. It has an effect on the time when a person is most alert during the day. It also affects core body temperature rhythm and other daily rhythms. People with DSPD generally fall asleep after midnight. They have difficulty waking up in the morning. Affected people usually have normal need for sleep. This condition usually develops in childhood or adolescence. DSPD is a life-long condition.

## References
Denny Miller

and Miller in 2007.]]

**Denny Scott Miller** (born **Dennis Linn Miller**; April 25, 1934 &ndash; September 9, 2014) was an American actor. He was best best known for his role as Tarzan in the movie *Tarzan, the Ape Man* (1959). He also appeared in many television series such as *Wagon Train*, ''Gilligan's Island*, *Magnum, P.I.*, *The Brady Bunch* and *Gunsmoke''.

Miller was born in Bloomington, Indiana. He was married to Kit Smythe until their divorce. He was later married to Nancy Miller until his death.

Miller died from Lou Gehrig's disease on September 9, 2014 in Las Vegas, Nevada. He was 80. He was also diagnosed with the disease in January 2014.

## References
## Other websites
* 
*
Annie Khalid

**Annie Khalid** or just **Annie** (or real name **Noor al Ain Khalid**) (born 1987) is a British-Pakistani music star and diva. She started her career in 2006. She sings in Urdu, Punjabi and English languages. 

Her major hit singles so far include *Mahiya* (2007), *Awarapan* (2007), *By my Baby* (2010), *Vari vari jawan* (2011) and *Tharki sala* (2014). Her best-selling album so far is *Princess*.

Annie was for a short time married to a criminal multi-millionaire Pakistani, settled in Dubai, called Malik Noureed Awan. But this man was very violent and he used to beat and abuse her, so she left him. 

## References
Napoleonic Code

, Germany. ]]
The **Napoleonic Code** ‒ or **Code Napoléon**, officially the **Code civil des Français** ‒ is the French civil code established under Napoléon I in 1804. Four judges wrote the Code for Napoleon, to replace the many different kinds of law in different places. It did not allow privileges based on birth (such as nobility), established equality before the law and secured the right to property. It allowed freedom of religion. In particular, it influenced countries such as Italy, Spain, Portugal, Latin American countries, the province of Quebec and the state of Louisiana in the United States. It influenced all other former French colonies which base their civil law systems on the Napoleonic Code. The code of 1804: 
*Simplified administration division
*Abolished feudal system
*Allowed divorce and jury trial
*Removed guild restrictions in towns
*Gave privileges to businessmen, industrialists and professionals
**The privileges were the right to equality,freedom and property
*Transportation and communication were improved
*Introduced a uniform system of measurement

## References
Savannah cat

The **Savannah cat** is a breed of cat. It is the size of a medium dog. The breed is a combination of the serval and the domestic cat. It is a hybrid feline developed by crossing a domestic cat with a serval for a number of generations.

The bodies of Savannahs are long and leggy. When a Savannah is standing, its hind-end is often higher than its shoulders. The small head is taller than wide, and it has a long, slender neck. The backs of the ears have vivid markings, very clear in the first illustration. This is inherited from the serval cat. In the wild this lets kittens know where the mother is heading. In grass the kits can jump up to get a sight of their mothers' ears. This is important because servals can cover a lot of territory very quickly.

Serval cats can jump over 9 feet high from a standing start. Savannahs also jump high, but how high depends on the individual. They sometimes jump on top of doors, or onto shelves. They love the water. They have very few health issues. They make a hissing noise that sounds like a snake. Overall, they are active and intelligent. 

The most serval-like cats are the F1 hybrids. Most later crosses are Savannah to Savannah. That, and outcrosses to other breeds, make the cats less distinctive: see second illustration.

These cats are not allowed in Hawaii, Alabama, and some other U.S. states. They are banned from Australia. The reasoning is that their extra size and capability might put even more of its precious native animals at risk.

## References
William Dalrymple

**William Hamilton Dalrymple** (b. 1965) is a British writer and historian.

He has written a number of books, especially on the history of India, like *The Age of Kali* (1998), *The White Mughals* (2002), *The Last Mughal* (2006) and some others. 

## References
Richard Francis Burton

Captain Sir **Richard Francis Burton** (1821–1890) was a famous English explorer, writer, translator, ethnologist, spy and soldier.
 

He traveled a lot in Asia, Africa and the Americas. As a spy for the British government, he was also among the very few Western Christian people who secretly managed to visit the Islamic holy city of Mecca, in Arabia, at the time of the Hajj 

He is also famous for his English language translation of the Arabic book, *One Thousand and One Nights* (also called *The Arabian Nights*). 

## References
Gerrit Kouwenaar

**Gerrit Kouwenaar** (9 August 1923 &ndash; 4 September 2014) was a Dutch journalist, translator, poet and prose writer. He began working in 1941. He was a member of the Dutch poetry group known as the Vijftigers. He worked for magazines and newspapers such as *Vrij Nederland*, *De Waarheid* and *Het Vrije Volk*. During the mid-1940s, he worked for the illegal newspaper *Parade der Profeten*. He was arrested for this and sentenced to half a year in jail. In 1970, he was given the P. C. Hooft Award.

Kouwenaar was born in Amsterdam, North Holland. He was a resistance fighter during World War II. The painter and poet David Kouwenaar (1921&ndash;2011) was an older brother his. He retired in 2008.

Kouwenaar died on 4 September 2014 in Amsterdam, aged 91.

## References
## Other websites
* Gerrit Kouwenaar at the Digital Library of Dutch Literature website
Sun Tower

**The Sun Tower** is a Beaux-Arts building at 128 West Pender Street in Vancouver, British Columbia. The building is known for its faux-patina steel dome painted to imitate copper cladding.

The building was commissioned by L. D. Taylor to house his newspaper, *The Vancouver World*. It was designed by W. T. Whiteway, who was also the designer for the original Woodward's building nearby.

The building was bought by *The Vancouver Sun* in 1937 and was it was renamed. Although *The Vancouver Sun* newspaper had long since moved, first to South Granville then to Granville Square, the building has kept the name. The building was also used as Chance's and Winston's office in the television show Human Target.

On March 19, 2008, it was announced that Sun Capital had bought the building on March 17. After they bought it, they overhauled the fabric and interiors of the building. In turn, the building was sold to the current owners Allied Properties REIT in August 2011. The heritage building is promised to be restored by the new owners.

## References
## Other websites 
*Official website 
*Emporis.com - Sun Tower
*SkycraperPage.com – Sun Tower
Joe Sample

**Joseph Leslie "Joe" Sample** (February 1, 1939 – September 12, 2014) was an American pianist, keyboard player and composer. He was one of the founding members of the Jazz Crusaders. 

Sample died in Houston, Texas, on September 12, 2014. He was 75 years old.

## References
## Other websites
* Yahoo! Music – Joe Sample Albums
* Biography at Verve Records
Wild at Heart

***Wild at Heart*** is a 1990 American crime thriller movie. It is about a young couple from Cape Fear, North Carolina who go on the run. Nicolas Cage plays Sailor, Laura Dern plays Lula Fortune, Diane Ladd plays Marietta, Isabella Rossellini plays Perdita.

This movie was released on August 17, 1990. It got mostly good reviews by the critics.

## Other websites 
*
Software as a service

**Software as a service** is the idea that clients access and use software using a thin client or a web browser. SaaS is also known as on-demand software, web-based software, or web-hosted software.  The software itself is running on computers accessible through the Internet ("in the cloud"). Clients usually pay a fee to get access to the software. The benefit of this approach is that clients do not need to manage the software installation, and that they also do not need expensive hardware. Software providers do not need to use traditional methods of supply, such as distributors, to sell software to clients. One of the problems is that the data is also on the site of the company running the software - that is  "in the cloud". Getting the data may be difficult, if the software vendor goes bankrupt. Richard Stallman of the Free Software Foundation considers SaaS as a violation of the principles of free software, because users have no access to the program that runs the software, and hence do not know what it does, and cannot change it.

## References
Wild Camp

***Wild Camp*** (French title: *Camping sauvage*) is a 2005 French drama movie. It was released on DVD on February 13, 2007. It is about Camille, a 17 year old girl who lives in a holiday camp with her family and her boyfriend Fred.

This movie was nominated for a Golden Zenith at the Montréal World Film Festival.

## Other websites 
*
*
*
Joseph Shivers

**Joseph Clois Shivers, Jr.** (November 29, 1920 – September 1, 2014) was an American textile chemist. He was from West Chester, Pennsylvania. Shivers was best known for developing Spandex.

## References
Kendall Francois

.]]

**Kendall Francois** (July 26, 1971 &ndash; September 11, 2014) was an American serial killer. Francois was born in Poughkeepsie, New York. He killed eight female prostitutes between October 1996 and August 1998 in Poughkeepsie, New York. He would strangle his victims and hide their dead bodies inside his home. The victims were aged between 25 and 51. For these crimes, he was sentenced to life imprisonment without the possibility of parole on August 11, 2000. He served his jail time at the Wende Correctional Facility in Alden, New York.

Francois died from apparent natural causes on September 11, 2014 at the Wende Correctional Facility, aged 43.

## References
## Other websites
* Kendall Francois at Murderpedia
* Kendall Francois  at Criminal Library
Margaret Palm

**Margaret Palm** (born ca. 1836) was an African-American woman. She lived in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania with her husband and son during the middle nineteenth century. She was a "conductor" on the Underground Railroad. She was called "Maggie Bluecoat" for the blue military uniform coat (ca. 1812) she wore while guiding slaves to safety. She always carried a gun to protect herself and her passengers.

Palm was so notorious for helping slaves escape that on several occasions slave-owners from Maryland attempted to kidnap her and sell her into slavery to put an end to her practices. David Schick, whose father was Palm’s employer, recounted one of these episodes:

“She lived up Long Lane, back of the old fair grounds. On this occasion she was attacked by a group of men who made the attempt to kidnap her and take her south where they expected to sell her and derive quite a profit. She was a powerful woman, and they would have, from the sale, derived quite a profit. These men succeeded in tying Mag’s hands...She was fighting them as best as she could with her hands tied. She would attempt to slow them and succeeded in one instance in catching [an attacker’s] thumb in her mouth and bit the thumb off. John Karseen, who was crippled and ran a novelty shop on Baltimore Street, happened along at just the right time and by using his crutch was able to assist Mag in her fight with these kidnappers and drove them off and freed her from her bonds.” She escaped. When she heard the two strangers had returned to Gettysburg, she ran home and got a shotgun. 

## References
Kamal Ganzouri

**Kamal Ganzouri** (, &lrm;; 12 January 1933 – 31 March 2021) was an Egyptian economist and politician. He was the Prime Minister of Egypt from 7 December 2011 to 24 July 2012. He was also prime minister from 1996 to 1999. He succeeded Atef Sedki and was succeeded by Atef Ebeid. He was called *Minister of the Poor* and *the Opposition Minister*. This was because of how he dealt with poor people and the opposition. Before becoming prime minister, Ganzouri was Minister of Planning and International Cooperation. On 24 November 2011, Egypt's military rulers made him prime minister. He took office on 7 December 2011.

Ganzouri died in Cairo on 31 March 2021 at the age of 88.

## References
Rob Pilatus

**Robert Pilatus** (also **"Rob"**; June 8, 1964 or 1965 – April 2, 1998) was an American-German model, dancer and singer. He and musician Fabrice Morvan were the musical group Milli Vanilli.

Pilatus and Morvan released an album called ''Girl You Know It's True*. This album sold seven million copies. Later people learned that Pilatus and Morvan did not actually sing on the album. When they performed songs from the album on stage, they had lip-synched instead of singing.

After not making a record for a long time, Pilatus and Morvan made the album *Rob & Fab''. That album sold only 2,000 copies. The record label went bankrupt shortly thereafter.

Pilatus was born in Munich to a German mother and African-American father. He was adopted as an infant and raised in Munich. He tried to commit suicide many times. He was found dead in a Frankfurt hotel from a mix of alcohol and prescription pill accidental overdose. He was in his early 30s.

## References
Arch A. Moore Jr.

**Arch Alfred Moore, Jr.** (April 16, 1923 &ndash; January 7, 2015) was an American politician and former lawyer. He began his political career as a state legislator in 1952. He was elected the 28th and 30th Governor of West Virginia from 1969 until 1977 and again from 1985 until 1989. He was a member of the Republican Party. His daughter, Shelley Moore Capito, is the current senator of West Virginia.

He was eventually prosecuted for and pleaded guilty to five felony charges. In 1990 he was sentenced to five years and ten months in prison. He served over three years before his release. 

## References
## Other websites
*
*Biography of Arch A. Moore, Jr. 
*Inaugural address of Arch A. Moore, Jr. (1969) 
*Inaugural address of Arch A. Moore, Jr. (1973) 
*Inaugural address of Arch A. Moore, Jr. (1985)
Gisèle Casadesus

**Gisèle Casadesus** (14 June 1914 &ndash; 24 September 2017) was a French actress. She was known for her roles in *Du Guesclin*, *Verdict*, *The Children of the Marshland*, *What Love May Bring*, and in *My Afternoons with Marguerite*.

She was an honorary member of the Sociétaires of the Comédie-Française, Grand Officer of the Legion of Honor, Officer of the Ordre des Arts et des Lettres, and *Grand-Croix* of the National Order of Merit. Her career has lasted for nearly 80 years.

Casadesus died on 24 September 2017 in Paris of respiratory failure at the age of 103.

## References
## Other websites
* 
* The Casadesus Family 
* Gisèle Casadesus at the Comédie-Française
John Franzese

**John "Sonny" Franzese, Sr.** (February 6, 1917 &ndash; February 24, 2020) was an Italian-American longtime member and underboss of the Colombo crime family. Franzese was famous as the oldest active member of the American Mafia. Franzese was an associate producer of the 2002 movie *This Thing of Ours*.

Franzese was born in Naples and raised in New York City.

He also helped pay the $22,000 budget of the 1972 pornographic movie *Deep Throat* and the 1974 slasher movie *The Texas Chain Saw Massacre*, which earned over $30 million from a $80,000–140,000 investment.

Franzese was released from the Federal Medical Center in Devens, Massachusetts on June 23, 2017, at the age of 100.

Franzese died on February 24, 2020, in a New York City hospital at the age of 103.

## References
## Other websites
*La Cosa Nostra – State of New Jersey Commission of Investigation 1989 Report- The Colombo/Persico/Orena Family
Diane Birch

**Diane Birch** (born January 24, 1983) is an American singer-songwriter. Her album, *Bible Belt*, was released in 2009. Her second album, *Speak a Little Louder*, was released in 2013.

She was born in Michigan.

## References
Adrianne Palicki

**Adrianne Palicki** (born May 6, 1983) is an American actress. She was born in Toledo, Ohio.

Palicki has acted in both television series and movies. She was in the television series *Friday Night Lights* (2006–2011) and  *Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.* (2014–2016). She acted in *Legion* (2010), *Red Dawn* (2012), *G.I. Joe: Retaliation* (2013), and *John Wick* (2014).

## References
Betty Azar

**Betty Schrampfer Azar** is an expert on teaching and learning English grammar. She wrote the *Azar Grammar Series* for students of English as a second or foreign language. This series is used by teachers and students all over the world. It has been very popular for more than thirty years.

Azar thinks teaching grammar is a good way to teach a new language. Students should start by learning about grammar, and that will help them learn all language skills — speaking, listening, writing, and reading.
 
There are four editions of Azar's book series. Stacy A. Hagen became Azar's co-author 2006, so now the books are called the *Azar-Hagen Grammar Series*.

There are three main textbooks in the series:
* *Understanding and Using English Grammar*,
* *Fundamentals of English Grammar*
* *Basic English Grammar*.

## References
## Other websites
* AzarGrammar.com 
* Betty Schrampfer overview At WorldCat
American Bobtail

The **American Bobtail** is a breed of cat.  It has a short "bobbed" tail about one-third to one-half the length of a normal cat's tail. This is because of a genetic mutation that affects the way their tail develops. This mutation also happens with the Manx cat.   

The American Bobtail looks like the Japanese Bobtail, but they are not in the same cat breed family. The genetic mutations for their bobbed tails are different because the gene for the American Bobtail's tail is dominant and the Japanese Bobtail's is recessive.

## Appearance 
American Bobtails can have either short or long-haired fur coats. Their coat is shaggy instead of fluffy. They can have any color of eyes and coat. They look like a "wild" tabby cat. Their eyes are almond shaped.  They have a long and strong body. Their tail is short, but the end of it can be seen above their back. It can be straight or curved, slightly knotted or may have bumps. These cats take two to three years to grow from kittens into adult cats.

## Behavior 
American Bobtails are playful and have a lot of energy. They are friendly and are not shy. These cats are intelligent. Some have been clever enough to  from rooms and cages with closed and latched doors. Since they are playful and want attention, they will beg for it by meowing or just by hopping into laps. 

## History 
An urban legend says that Bobtail cats began by cross mating a domestic tabby cat and a wild bobcat.  Their unusual tail is really an accidental genetic mutation in the cat world. It  may be related to the Manx gene, which is also dominant. The first Bobtail cat's parents were a short-tailed brown tabby cat male named Yodie and a seal point Siamese female in the late 1960s. This cat was born in Arizona near an American Indian reservation. Yodie's family breed was not known.  It was thought to have been a bobcat and domestic cat hybrid because of its stubby tail. 

The breed was first recognized by The International Cat Association in the United States, in 1989.

## References 
## Other websites 
* 
*American Bobtail Breeders Association 
*American Bobtail Guide
Sarah Waters

**Sarah Waters** (born 21 July 1966) is a Welsh novelist. She is known for novels set in the Victorian era and featuring lesbian protagonists. Her books include *Tipping the Velvet* and *The Night Watch*.

She was born in Neyland, Pembrokeshire, Wales. She is openly lesbian and lives in London.

## References
Stefan Löfven

**Kjell Stefan Löfven** (born 21 July 1957) was the Prime Minister of Sweden from 2014 until 2021. He was a leader of a Swedish trade union from 2006 to 2012, and he became the leader of the Swedish Social Democratic Party since 2012. On 14 September 2014, he led his party in the 2014 Swedish general election to become Sweden's new Prime Minister. Löfven took office in October 2014.

On 22 August 2021, Löfven announced that he would retire as Leader of the Social Democrats at the November party congress and resign as Prime Minister upon the election of his successor.

## References
Anwar Kamal Pasha

**Anwar Kamal Pasha** (1927-1987) was a famous early Pakistani film director and producer from Lahore. He dominated the first 20 years of Pakistani cinema. He was the son of noted poet and scholar, Hakim Ahmad Shuja who named him after the Turkish leader Enver Kemal Pasha.

Some of Pasha's top hit films were *Do Ansoo* (1949), *Gumnaam* (1954), *Qatil* (1955), *Sarfarosh* (1956) and *Anarkali* (1958). From the 1960s, he gradually started making less films and his popularity grew less. 

## References
Alter Echo

***Alter Echo*** is a third-person action video game published by THQ and developed by Outrage Entertainment. It was released for the PlayStation 2 and Xbox. It was released on August 19, 2003 in North America and on October 3, 2003 in the PAL region.

GameSpot gave the game a 7.5 out of 10 and Jeff Gerstmann of GameSpot wrote that "It would have been nice to have seen some more variety in the environments, and the instances of backtracking through areas you've already visited are disappointing. But the game's exciting, free-form combat makes up for those deficiencies."

## References
## Other websites
*