open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
American Dream

, New York City, New York, U.S.]]

The **American Dream** is the hope that in the United States of America, anyone can become successful if they work hard and try their very best.

## Immigration 
Many migrants, people who come to America from other countries, come to America because they hope for a better life. America is attractive to migrants, because often there is more freedom to become rich or famous than the country that they leave. The standard icon of the American Dream is the Statue of Liberty.

## To Live Freely 
**American Dream** also meant to live freely and equally with all other people in the United States. 

The American Dream is also a main theme in the book by John Steinbeck, *Of Mice and Men*. The two friends George and Lennie dream of their own piece of land with a ranch, so they can "live off the fatta the lan'" and just enjoy a better life. 

But the symbolism shows this is **futile** due to the fact that it will never happen, and Lennie ends up being shot in the back of the head as a mercy killing, like Candy's dog. This shows that not everyone can achieve the American dream, thus proving by contradiction it is not possible.

## *The Great Gatsby* 
Although it is possible to achieve the American dream for few. A lot of people follow the American dream to achieve a greater chance of becoming rich. This was easier in the 1900s and now it is really hard to achieve the American dream because of all the competition and hard work required to achieve this dream. This is also shown in *The Great Gatsby*.

## References
Jason Upton

**Jason Upton** (born December 15, 1973) is an independent Christian worship leader and musician. He has a large underground following. 

He has released 12 albums since the year 2000:
**Key of David* (2000)
**Faith* (2001)
*''Jacob's Dream* (2002)
**Dying Star* (2002)
**Remember* (2003)
**Trusting the Angels* (2004)
**Great River Road* (2005)
**Open Up the Earth* (2005)
**Beautiful People* (2007)
**Between Earth and Sky* (2007)
**1200 FT Below Sea Level* (2008)
**On the Rim of the Visible World'' (2009) w/ the Good Land Band
Richard Dean Anderson

**Richard Dean Anderson** (born January 23, 1950, in Minneapolis, Minnesota) is an American television actor. He is best known for his role as the title character in the television series *MacGyver*, and for his role as Jack O'Neill in the television series *Stargate SG-1*.

## References
## Other websites
*
Mycobacterium leprae

***Mycobacterium leprae*** is a bacteria. It causes the disease, leprosy, also known as the Hanson's Disease. 

## Discovery
The bacterium was discovered in 1873 by a Norwegian doctor named Gerhard Armauer Hansen. *M. leprae* is a gram-positive, aerobic rod surrounded by the characteristic waxy coating unique to Mycobacteria. 

## Features
In size and shape, it closely resembles  M. tuberculosis. Due to its thick, waxy coating, stains with carbol-fuchsin are used, rather than with the traditional Gram staining method.
Smells Like Teen Spirit

"**Smells Like Teen Spirit**" is a song by the American grunge band, Nirvana, from their second album *Nevermind*. It is their most famous song, and one of the most famous songs ever. Many people thought the song represented the ideas of the people in Generation X (people born in the United States between 1965 and 1980.)

## Writing the song 
The song was written by all three members of Nirvana. It was written to sound like a song that the Pixies (a band that Kurt Cobain enjoyed) wrote. It was originally a much faster song than the final version was. The title "Smells Like Teen Spirit" came from when Cobain's friend Kathleen Hanna spray painted "Kurt Smells Like Teen Spirit" on his wall. "Teen Spirit" was the name of the deodorant that Cobain's girlfriend Tobi Vail wore. But Cobain thought it was a symbol for a "revolutionary" song or a "punk rock anthem."

## People's opinions of the song 
Smells Like Teen Spirit was released in 1991. It was the first single from *Nevermind*. Nirvana expected the song to not become very famous. They expected the next single, "Come as You Are", to be their big hit. However, radio stations in Seattle played Smells Like Teen Spirit, and it became a hit. Come as You Are was not as popular.

Many people who listened to the song were not able to understand what Kurt Cobain was singing. This was because he mumbled throughout the song, and the lyrics did not make sense to them. Because of this, "Weird Al" Yankovic made a parody of the song called "Smells Like Nirvana".
Mycobacterium tuberculosis

***Mycobacterium tuberculosis*** is a bacterium that causes tuberculosis. *M. tuberculosis* was first described on 24 March 1882 by Robert Koch. The bacterium was first called the "tubercle bacillus", and is now also known as Koch's bacillus. This disease is spread by the air and from getting coughed or sneezed on by an infected patient.

Tuberculosis used to kill over half the people who were infected. The bacterium was almost wiped out by antibiotics, but is now a threat again because strains have appeared which are resistant to all the usual antibiotics.

## References
Sand (disambiguation)

**Sand** may refer to:
* Sand a finely divided rock found on beaches
* George Sand (1804–1876), a French novelist
* Sand, Shetland, a settlement on the Shetland Islands
* Ebbe Sand (born 1972), a Danish former professional football (soccer) player
Thousand Foot Krutch

**Thousand Foot Krutch** is a Canadian Christian hard rock band that was formed in 1997.

They have released a number of albums (including 2 remix albums) the latest being Exhale, sequel to Oxygen: Inhale.

While TFK had rap influences, obvious with Trevor's vocals in earlier TFK albums, "The Flame In All Of Us" and "Welcome To the Masquerade" have moved away from that, and used a more rock-based sound. But "The End Is Where We Begin" returns to the band's Rap roots.

While "The Last Song" from "The Flame In All Of Us", has been thought by some to be an outro from the band, TFK still continues touring, and Trevor has said that they were very tired, and it's only a sarcastic "Here it all is: love it or hate it".

## About the band
The name Thousand Foot Krutch came from the belief that God is a crutch you can lean on, even if your problems pile a thousand feet high. What they mean is, you can ask God for help even if you have very serious or many problems in your life.

They have gone through certain line-up changes. For example, Steve Augustine has not always been a part of the band, and Christian Harvey was their original drummer.

## Studio albums
# ''That's What People Do* (1997)
# *Set it Off* (2000)
# *Phenomenon* (2003)
# *The Art of Breaking* (2005)
# *The Flame in All of Us* (2007)
# *Welcome To The Masquerade* (2009)
# *The End Is Where We Begin* (2012)
# *Oxygen: Inhale* (2014)
# *Exhale'' (2016)

## References
Kazakh language

Kazakh text]]
**Kazakh** is a Turkic language that is mostly spoken in Kazakhstan, a country in Central Asia. It, along with Russian, is one of Kazakhstan's official languages.

## History
The Kazakh language had been written in the Cyrillic alphabet since the Russian Empire started to occupy that country in the 19th century. In 1917, people began to use the Arabic alphabet, but the Russians were not able to make them use Cyrillic.

The Kazakhs used the Arabic script to write their language until approximately 1929. In the early 1900s, Kazakh activist Ahmed Baytursinuli reformed the Kazakh-Arabic alphabet, but his work was largely overshadowed by the Soviet presence in Central Asia. At that point, the new Soviet regime forced the Kazakhs to use a Latin script, and then a Cyrillic script in the 1940s in an effort to thoroughly Russify them. Today, Kazakhs use the Arabic, Latin, and Cyrillic scripts to write their language.

Following the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, the newly-independent Republic of Kazakhstan allowed the old Latin alphabet to be used, but continued to use Cyrillic as the main alphabet. In 2006, president Nursultan Nazarbayev started a project to introduce a standard form of the Latin alphabet as the official script of his country. A version of the new Latin alphabet, which used apostrophes for certain sounds, was created in April 2017, but was replaced with another one in February 2018 which instead uses diacritics on certain letters. The latest version, proposed in 2021, has been in official use and will be taught in elementary schools starting 2023. If all goes as planned, the Cyrillic alphabet will be fully replaced with Latin by 2025.

## Kazakh letters 
The last proposed Kazakh Latin alphabet was shown in 2019:

## Sources 
## Other websites
*Website of the government of Kazakhstan
Thrice

**Thrice** is an American experimental rock band formed in 1998. They are always changing their sound from different albums. The four members in Thrice are the same four people as when they started 10 years ago.

In 2004, the band released a DVD about the band. In the DVD, it talks about the members. They talk about experiences with touring and being in the band. They also talk about their ideas about the future direction of the music.

Dustin Kensrue, the lead singer for the band, released a solo album in 2007.

Most recently, Thrice have released a four disc album titled *The Alchemy Index* (volumes *Earth*, *Fire*, *Water* and *Air*). At the end of each disc, there is a song written in a similar poem style. The  last line in that song is always sung in the same way.

## Albums
# *First Impressions* (1999)
# *Identity Crisis* (2001)
# *The Illusion of Safety* (2002)
# *The Artist in the Ambulance* (2003)
# *Vheissu* (2005)
# *The Alchemy Index*, volumes: *Fire* and *Water* (2007)
# *The Alchemy Index*, volumes: *Earth* and *Air* (2008)

## References
Sidewalk

:***Pavement** redirects here. For the American rock band, see Pavement (band).*

), sidewalk (CA, US), or footpath (AU, IE, IN, NZ).]]
A **sidewalk** is a path for pedestrians that runs along the side of a road. It is called a sidewalk in American English, but can also be called a **pavement** (mainly British English and South African English), a **footpath** (Australian English, Irish English, Indian English and New Zealand English) or **footway** (Engineering term).

Pedestrians use sidewalks to keep them safe from vehicles on the road. Sidewalks can be paved with bricks, poured concrete or tarmac. 

In suburban areas sidewalks are often separated from the roadway by a verge planted with grass and trees.

Street furniture (benches, letterboxes, transit shelters, litter bins, advertising columns, etc.) are often placed on or immediately adjacent to sidewalks.
Dianthus

***Dianthus*** is a genus of about 300 species of flowering plants in the family Caryophyllaceae, found mainly in Europe and Asia, with a few species found south to north Africa, and one species (*D. repens*) in Arctic North America. Common names include **carnation** (*D. caryophyllus*), **pink** (*D. plumarius* and related species) and **sweet william** (*D. barbatus*). The name *Dianthus* is from the Greek words *dios* ("god") and *anthos* ("flower"), and was mentioned by the Greek botanist Theophrastus.

## Selected species
Mazda

]]

**Mazda Motor Corporation** is a car manufacturer based in Hiroshima, Japan. Mazda is the 15th largest car maker in the world, and 12th largest in U.S. sales. The company was started in 1920. Today it has about 44,000 employees. Sales are 2,057,614,000,000 yen.

## History
In 1920, Toyo Koruku Kogyo was established. In 1984, it changed its name to Mazda. The company is unique in using rotary engines in some of its cars. In 1991, the Mazda 787B (which had a rotary engine) won the 24 Heures du LeMans. From 1979 to 2010, Mazda had a partnership with Ford Motor Company. At one point, Ford owned 1/3 of Mazda's stock.  Since 2000, Mazda has grown, especially in Europe and North America, and it is now completely separate from Ford.  In 2015, Mazda and Toyota agreed to work together.

## Brand
Mazda produces cars only in Japan and Mexico, but 80% of its sales are outside of Japan. Mazda is the only company that produces cars which have rotary engines (but most of its cars do not have rotary engines). The cars are popular in Australia and Europe, especially Germany and U.K. Nowadays, Mazda's slogan is ZOOM-ZOOM. It is famous for the movie Only Strong. ZOOM-ZOOM comes from English-speaking children calling cars ZOOM-ZOOM. 

## Name
Mazda's company name is derived from Matsuda Jujirou who was the founder of this company, and the Zoroastrian god, Ahura Mazda. Ahura Mazda is a symbol of wisdom, reason, and harmony.
## Current production vehicles 
## References
## Other websites
* Mazda Global Web Site - includes links to Mazda operations worldwide
* Mazda Dealerships  - North America
Nuremberg Laws

The **Nuremberg Laws** is the name for three (historically two) antisemitic laws that were set into practice in Germany in 1935, and that were valid until 1945. They are named after the city of Nuremberg where the legislative assembly met.

They were:
* *Gesetz zum Schutze des deutschen Blutes und der deutschen Ehre* (Often called *Blutschutzgesetz*, law concerning the protection of German blood and honour). This law made it illegal for Jews to marry Germans. It also made it illegal for Germans and Jews to have sexual relations. The law against marriage imposed prison time for both sexes violating it. The law against sexual relations provided for long prison terms for men who did not obey it, but no prison time for women. This law also forbade Jews to show the national flag, and guaranteed their right to show Jewish symbols.
* *Reich Citizenship Law :* This law basically said that only people of German or closely-related blood could become citizens - in other words: Jews (and some others) could not. All Jews employed by the government had to quit their job. They also lost their right to vote and to be in the army.
* *Reichsflaggengesetz* Strictly speaking this flag law is not one of the Nuremberg Laws, but it was published with the others. It made the swastika the official flag of Germany.
On the 14th of November 1935, the Nuremberg laws were expanded prohibiting Roma (Gypsies), Blacks or any of their offspring from engaging in marriage or sexual relations with 'Those of German or German related blood'.
Campylobacter

***Campylobacter*** is a genus of bacteria. It is found in the intestines of many types of animal. *Campylobacter* is the most common bacterial cause of diarrhea and food poisoning. It is spiral shaped, and moves by using its flagella.

**Campylobacteriosis** is a gastrointestinal tract infection caused by *Campylobacter*. It causes inflammation, sometimes bloody diarrhea, cramps, fever, and pain.

Campylobacteriosis is more common during the summer months. It also appears to be more common in males than females. It is caused by eating contaminated food or drinking contaminated water. Eating raw meat or undercooked poultry, and raw dairy products are common causes. It affects about half a million people annually and kills about 100.

## References
Michael Shanks

**Michael Garrett Shanks** (born December 15, 1970, Vancouver, British Columbia) is a Canadian actor, writer and director. He became famous for his role as Dr. Daniel Jackson on the television series *Stargate SG-1*. He also provided the voice of the character Thor for this show. He is a film and television actor.

## Other websites
* Michael Shanks Online - The Official Michael Shanks Website
*
* Michael Shanks TV Guide Blog
Emperor Meiji

'''''' was the 122nd emperor of Japan according to the traditional order of succession.  His  lasted from 1867 until his death in 1912. He was Emperor of the Empire of Japan from 1867 to 1912 and he was the leader of Japan in the First Sino-Japanese War (1894–1895), the Boxer Rebellion (1899–1901) and the Russo-Japanese War (1904–1905), being rivals with the Qing dynasty, the Russian Empire and European Powers. He was involved in the Boxer Rebellion to stop Qing Empress Dowager Cixi. Emperor Meiji allied with Russia (led by Nicholas II), Germany (led by Kaiser Wilhelm II), Austria-Hungary (led by Franz Joseph I of Austria), France (led by Félix Faure and Émile Loubet), Britain (led by Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury) and the United States of America (led by William McKinley) to help General Yuan Shikai in the Boxer Rebellion (1899–1901). He was also involved in the Philippine-American War (1899–1902) along with Emperor Wilhelm II before the Russo-Japanese War in 1904. He was Emperor of Japan (1867–1912), Taiwan (1895–1912) and Korea (1910–1912).

## Events of Meiji's life
Meiji's reign was marked by many changes including the move of the Imperial court from Kyoto to Tokyo.

### Timeline 1852-1912
A timeline of major events includes:
* **1852** (*Kaei 5*): A son called Sachinomiya is born to Emperor Kōmei
* **1860** (*Ansei 7*): Sachinomiya becomes official heir and his personal name (*imina*) becomes Mutsuhito.
* **1867** (*Keiō 3*): Kōmei dies and the responsibility of the throne passes to Crown Prince Mutsuhito.
* **1868** (*Meiji 1*): Official beginning of the emperor's reign
* **1869** (*meiji 2*): Marriage to Ichijo Haruko, who becomes Empress Shoken.
* **1879** (*meiji 12*): Prince Yoshihito (the future Taisho Tenno) is born.

* **1889** (*Meiji 22*): Meiji Constitution is proclaimed
* **1894** (*Meiji 27*): Sino-Japanese War
* **1899-1901**  Boxer Rebellion
* **1904–1905** (*Meiji 37-38*):: Russo-Japanese War
* **1912** (*Meiji 45*): The emperor dies

### After death
He died in Tokyo. A detailed account of the state funeral in the *New York Times* concluded with an observation: "The contrast between that which preceded the funeral car and that which followed it was striking indeed.  Before it went old Japan; after it came new Japan."

The spirits of Emperor Meiji and his wife are honored at the  in Tokyo.

## Honors
* Order of the Garter, 1906

## Related pages
* Emperor of Japan
* List of emperors of Japan
* Japanese imperial family tree
* Meiji period
* Meiji Seamount

## References 
## Further reading
*Jansen, Marius. (1995). *The Emergence of Meiji Japan*. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ; ; OCLC 31515308
*Keene, Donald. (2002). *Emperor of Japan: Meiji and His World, 1852–1912*. New York: Columbia University Press. ; OCLC 46731178

## Other websites
Billabong (clothing)

**Billabong** is an Australian brand of surf clothing which is popular with young people, in particular the Australian surf community, however, more recently of the skating, and other sporting communities.

## History 
Billabong started in the Gold Coast in 1973 when surfing culture in Australia was popular. Surfers Gordon and Rena Merchant wanted to create board shorts that were strong enough to withstand the weather conditions of surfing. The name Billabong comes from the Wiradjuri word 'bilaban', which means a creek that runs during the rainy season. 

Billabong is known for their brand mottos "Life's better in boardshorts" and "A bikini kinda life".

## References
Trivium (band)

**Trivium** is an American heavy metal band from Orlando, Florida. They started in 1999 and became very successful. The members are: Matt Heafy (vocals, guitars), Corey Beaulieu (guitars), Paolo Gregoletto (bass) and Alex Rüdinger (drums).

## Band members 
;Current lineup
* Matt Heafy – guitars (1999–present); lead vocals (2000–present); backing vocals (1999–2000)
* Corey Beaulieu – guitars, harsh backing vocals (2003–present)
* Paolo Gregoletto – bass, clean backing vocals (2004–present)
* Alex Rüdinger – drums, percussion (2025–present)

;Former
* Brad Lewter – bass, lead vocals (1999–2000)
* Jarred Bonaparte – guitars (1999–2000); bass (2000–2001)
* Travis Smith – drums, percussion (1999–2009)
* Brent Young – guitars (2000–2001); bass (2001–2004); backing vocals (2000–2004)
* Nick Augusto – drums, percussion (2009–2014)
* Mat Madiro – drums, percussion (2014–2015)
* Alex Bent – drums, percussion (2017–2025)

### Timeline
## Discography 
### Studio albums 
* *Ember to Inferno* (2003)
* *Ascendancy* (2005)
* *The Crusade* (2006)
* *Shogun* (2008)
* *In Waves* (2011)
* *Vengeance Falls* (2013)
* *Silence In The Snow* (2015)
* *The Sin And The Sentence* (2017)
* *What the Dead Men Say* (2020)
* *In the Court of the Dragon* (2021)

### Extended plays 
* *Trivium EP* (2003)

## References
## Other websites 
* 
*
Emily Browning

**Emily Jane Browning** (born 7 December 1988) is an Australian movie actress and singer. Browning made her movie debut in the Australian television movie *The Echo of Thunder*. Later, she played recurring roles in Australian television shows *Blue Heelers* and *Something in the Air.* Her breakthrough role was in the 2002 horror movie *Ghost Ship,* which introduced her to a wider audience. In 2005, Browning won the Australian Film Institute Award for Best Actress for her portrayal of Violet Baudelaire in the comedy movie ''Lemony Snicket's A Series of Unfortunate Events* (2004).

Browning is also known for her roles in the horror movie *The Uninvited* (2009), the action movie *Sucker Punch* (2011), and the independent movie *Sleeping Beauty* (2011). Her role in *Sleeping Beauty'' was highly praised and in 2011 was named the Breakthrough performer of the year by Hamptons International Film Festival.

## References
Trivium (liberal arts)

The word **trivium**, from Latin, is made of two parts. The first part *tres* meant "three" and the second part *vía* meant "way".  

In antiquity and the High Middle Ages, there were different ways of teaching young men at the university. The trivium was three simplest ways to study the world, and so young men learned them first. After the trivium, they studied the quadrivium. Together, these subjects were called the seven liberal arts. The most difficult, and final subject studied was theology.

The three subjects were related to talking about the world. These subjects were grammar, logic and rhetoric.  They were ways of preparing for the quadrivium, which includes arithmetic, geometry, music and astronomy.

## Grammar 
One way of studying the world is to look at the form of the words. Grammar is the mechanics of the language.
When a man studied grammar, he studied how words were put together, and how words were combined to make sentences, paragraphs, chapters, and stories.

The word "grammar" has a more limited meaning now than it did before now. Many subjects, such as syntax and phonetics were part of grammar.

## Logic 
One way of studying the world is to look at the meaning of words. Logic is the mechanics of thought and analysis. Logic is the study of how meanings are related to each other, and how to make good decisions. A fallacy is when someone does not draw a conclusion according to the rules of logic. An old name for logic was dialectics.

## Rhetoric 
One way of studying the world is to look at communicating with words. Rhetoric is the mechanics of discourse. Discourse is the process of two or more people communicating about an idea. Young men studied rhetoric in order to learn how to instruct and to persuade. 

## Related pages
*Liberal arts
*Quadrivium
London School of Economics

The **London School of Economics and Political Science** (more commonly **London School of Economics** or **LSE**) is a college of the University of London in Westminster. The college opened in 1895. It joined the University of London in 1900. Today it is one of the leading universities for Law, Economics and Political Sciences. QS ranked it as the second best university in the world for social science in 2013. 

Some of the most notable people who attended the college are:

* Bertrand Russell
* Ed Miliband
* John Fitzgerald Kennedy
* John Richard Hicks
* Friedrich August von Hayek
* George Bernard Shaw
* Mick Jagger
* Monica Lewinsky

It is a member of the Russell Group. In 2011 17,654 people applied for 1,271 undergraduate places. This means there were 13.8 applicants for every place. Over half of LSE's students are postgraduates. 16 Nobel Prize winners have been LSE students or staff. It has the highest percentage of students from another country in the world and 46% of staff are from other countries.

## References
Friedrich Hayek

**Friedrich August von Hayek**, CH (8 May 1899 – 23 March 1992) was an Austrian-British economist and political philosopher. He became known because he strongly defended liberalism and free-market capitalism. He was against too much central control of the economy and society. He thought that forms of government like socialism were not good for the economy, and damaged freedom of the individual. Hayek's signature work, *The Road to Serfdom*, refers to the consequences of socialism.

He was one of the most important economists and political philosophers of the 20th century. He was one of the most important members of the Austrian School of economics. He also had many ideas in the fields of jurisprudence and cognitive science. He shared the 1974 Nobel Prize in Economics with his rival Gunnar Myrdal. The award was for their work in the theory of money and economic fluctuations; also for their analysis of the inter-dependence of economic, social and institutional phenomena. He also received the U.S. Presidential Medal of Freedom in 1991. He is thought to be one of the major causes of change from the Keynesian policies of the first part of the 20th century. Instead of governments handling the details of the economy, they went back towards classical liberalism in the 1980s and later. This happened most clearly in the 1980s in the U.S.A. (under Ronald Reagan) and the U.K. (under Margaret Thatcher).

## Main books 
* *Profits, interest and investment: and other essays on the theory of industrial fluctuations*, 1939.
* *The road to serfdom*, 1944. 
* *Individualism and economic order*, 1948. 
* *The counter-revolution of science: studies on the abuse of reason*, 1952. 
* 
* *Law, legislation and liberty* (3 volumes)
::Volume I. *Rules and order*, 1973. 
::Volume II. *The mirage of social justice*, 1976. 
::Volume III. *The political order of a free people*, 1979. 
* *The fatal conceit: the errors of socialism*, 1988. 

## Related pages
* Constitutional economics
* Political economy

## References
Manhattan (movie)

***Manhattan*** is a 1979 American romantic comedy-drama movie by director Woody Allen. The movie is set in New York City. The movie is about Issac Davis (played by Allen), a divorced 42-year old dating a 17-year-old girl. His ex-wife is openly lesbian.

The movie was nominated for two Academy Awards: Best Supporting Actress (Mariel Hemingway) and Best Writing, Screenplay Written Directly for the Screen. It also won the BAFTA Award for Best Film and was nominated for the BAFTA Award for Best Screenplay. The movie was #46 on American Film Institute's "100 Years...100 Laughs". In 2001, the United States Library of Congress said the movie was "culturally significant" and selected it to keep in the National Film Registry.

The movie had mostly positive reviews.

## Cast
* Woody Allen as Isaac Davis
* Diane Keaton as Mary Wilkie
* Michael Murphy as Yale Pollack
* Mariel Hemingway as Tracy
* Meryl Streep as Jill
* Anne Byrne as Emily
* Michael O'Donoghue as Dennis
* Wallace Shawn as Jeremiah
* Karen Ludwig as Connie
* Charles Levin, Karen Allen, and David Rasche as Television actors
* Mark Linn-Baker and Frances Conroy as Shakespearean actors

## References
## Other websites 
*
Match Point

***Match Point*** is a 2005 British crime drama thriller movie by director Woody Allen. It is set in London and stars Scarlett Johansson and Jonathan Rhys Meyers. The film had its limited theatrical release in the United States on December 28, 2005, and expanded to a wide release on January 20, 2006.

## References
## Other websites 
*
Punching bag

exercise.]]

A **punching bag** is a tough bag which is supposed to be punched a lot.  It is used in exercise or stress relief to improve one of three areas: physical strength, aerobic fitness or punching technique.

## History
Punching bags have been used in martial arts for as long as there has been a written history of military training. Similar apparatus in Asian martial arts include the Okinawan *makiwara* and the Chinese *mook jong*, which may have padded striking surfaces attached to them.

## Related pages
*Boxing
*Jujutsu
*Karate
*Kung Fu
*Taekwondo

## References
Nocera Inferiore

**Nocera Inferiore**, is a town and comune in Campania, Italy, in the province of Salerno, at the foot of Monte Albino, 20&nbsp;km east-south-east of Naples by rail, . above sea-level.

***Nuceria Alfaterna***  appears to have been the chief town in the valley of the Sarnus, Herculaneum, Pompeii, Stabiae and Surrentum all being dependent upon it.

Hannibal destroyed the town in 216.

In 1385 Pope Urban VI was besieged in the castle of Charles of Durazzo.

At Nocera had sped a big part of they life the painter Francesco Solimena, and the writers Jacopo Sannazzaro and Domenico Rea.

Is the birthplace of the footballers Simone Barone and Raffaele De Martino.
Originally from Nocera are the parents of Italian American Warren Cuccurullo and Mario Cuomo.

## References
Tao

**Tao** (Pinyin **Dào**) is a metaphysical concept found in Taoism, Confucianism, and ancient Chinese philosophy. The Chinese character translates as "way," "path," or "route". In Taoism, the Tao was the origin of the whole universe. Taoists believe that the "myriad things", or everything in the universe from animals to materials to ideas, originally came from the Tao, and when something disappears, its energy (or *qi*) goes back to the Tao to be absorbed and re-birthed in a different form. 

The Tao is a cosmic force that can't be named or described, which is the natural harmony between all living things, and the way they all move together. Taoist writings say if someone "forgot themselves", and let go of intentions, they would be able to "move effortlessly" (wu wei, or "non-action"), and be in harmony with the Tao, like the animals, plants, and everything else. This harmony is the ultimate goal of Taoism.
Vitis

***Vitis*** is a genus of about 60 species of vining plants in the flowering plant family Vitaceae.  The genus is made up of species most often found in the Northern hemisphere. It is economically important as the source of grapes, both for direct consumption of the fruit and for fermentation to produce wine. The cultivation of grapevines is called viticulture. A farm or garden where grapes are grown is a vineyard.

File:Vitis vinifera 001.jpg|A grape vine growing in a vineyard
Sulfur dioxide

**Sulfur dioxide** (also **sulphur dioxide**) is the chemical compound with the formula SO2.  It is a gas. It smells like burnt matches or rotten eggs. It can also cause suffocation. Sulfur dioxide is produced by volcanoes and in various industrial processes. It is also used to protect wine from oxygen and bacteria. It can be produced by burning sulfur. It dissolves in water to produce sulfurous acid. It can be oxidized to trioxide, which is dissolved in sulfuric acid to make more sulfuric acid. It is used to make sulfites.

## Sources
Foreign policy

A country's **foreign policy** (also called the **international relations policy**) is a set of goals about how the country will work with other countries economically, politically, socially and militarily. It includes such matters as international trade, foreign aid, military alliances, and war.  

Foreign policy also involves dealing with groups that are not countries but that are still important. These are called *non-state actors*, and might include religious groups, large companies, or even terrorist groups. The study of foreign relations is known as foreign policy analysis (FPA) and the work is called diplomacy. Most counties have a foreign minister who directs these things, with help from other officials.

Foreign policy is basically the way a government deals with other nations. The policy and behavior of other states, as well as domestic consideration and interests is what influences the development of foreign policy. According to Lumen Learning, foreign policy consists of self-interest strategies chosen by the state to safeguard its national interests and to achieve its own goals through relations with other countries. This means that foreign policies are arrangements made by the government to benefit them. 

## References
Philip II

**Philip II** may mean:

* Philip II of Macedon (382–336 BC)
* Philip II of France (1165–1223)
* Philip II of Spain and I of Portugal (1527–1598)
* Philippe II, Duke of Orléans (1674–1723)
Dolná Krupá

**Dolná Krupá** is a village in the Trnava Region of Slovakia. It is in the Danubian Hills at around 12&nbsp;km from the city of Trnava.

The important sights in the village are:

* the Saint Andrew church, built in 1807–1811
* the Dolná Krupá mansion.

## Population 
### Ethnic composition 
### Religion 
## References
Human nature

**Human nature** refers to the characteristics of mankind. This means ways of thinking, feeling and acting which humans have naturally.
 
What these characteristics are, what causes them and how fixed human nature is, are good questions. They among the oldest and most important questions in western philosophy. These questions affect ethics, politics and theology. Human nature is a source of advice on how to live well, but it also puts limits and  on living a good life.
 
The complex implications of such questions are also dealt with in art and literature, while the humanities inquire into human nature, and what it means to be human. The seven theories were those of:
#Plato
#Christianity
#Marx
#Freud
#Sartre
#Skinner
#Lorenz

Thirty years later the selection was of ten theories:
#Confucianism
#Hinduism
#Buddhism
#Plato
#Aristotle
#The Bible
#Kant
#Marx
#Sartre and
#Darwinian theories of human nature.

## Aristotle
Aristotle, Plato's most famous student, made some of the most famous and influential statements about human nature.

In his works some clear statements about human nature are made:
* Man is a conjugal animal. 'Conjugal' means living together, building a household (*oikos*). A clan or small village could still be run by the head of the family.
* Man is a political animal. By this he meant an animal with able to develop complex communities the size of a city or town, with a division of labour and law-making. This type of community is different from a large family, and requires the use of human reason.
* Man loves to use his imagination (and not just to make laws and run town councils). We love to look at things, learn their names, and think about them.

For Aristotle, reason is what is most special about humanity compared to other animals, and is what we achieve at our best.

Much of Aristotle's description of human nature is still influential today, but the particular teleological idea that humans are "meant" or intended to be something, has become much less popular in modern times.

## Biological theories
Humans are mammals, and have developed by a process of evolution. It follows that what is called human nature is inherited, and had been the product of natural selection. We are not blank slates; our mental life and behaviour has ancient roots. This is the question of nature vs nurture, and the subject-matter of evolutionary psychology. Ethology and sociobiology has also looked at these issues from the perspective of human evolution and heredity.

## References
Krupský potok

**Krupský potok** is a tributary of the Blava River in Slovakia. This means it flows into the Blava River.
Belly dance

dinner cruise]]A **Belly dance** is an oriental dance, which is mostly performed by women. In the Arabic language, it is called **raqs sharqi**, which means "oriental dance". It is also called **oriental dance**.  Performers usually use oriental-style music. They usually wear clothing that leaves the bellly free. The dance originated in Egypt. The dance  has movements of the hips and torso.  It is also called  **Middle Eastern dance** or **Arabic dance**. There are many different forms depending on the country and region, both in costume and dance style.The styles and costumes of Egypt are the most recognized worldwide due to Egyptian cinema. Belly dancing in its various forms and styles is popular across the globe where it is taught by many schools of dance.

Many boys and girls in countries where belly dancing is popular will learn how to do it when they are young. The dance involves movement of many different parts of the body; usually in a circular way.

The term "Belly dance" is translated from the French language "danse du ventre". However, this dance is done by every part of the body. The most featured body part usually is the hips. Belly dancing is very different depending on country and region, both in costume and dance style.

## History
Belly dancing came from the dances performed in the Middle East and North Africa. One theory is that belly dance may have come from Arabia, a dance when the pagan Arabs were worshipping a goddess before the rise of Islam. A third theory is that belly dance was always danced just for entertainment.

Another theory is that belly dance was originally danced by women for women in the Levant, and North Africa.

The courtly pleasures of the Muslim Umayyad and Abbasid caliphs included belly dancing, soirée, and singing. Belly dancers and singers were sent from all parts of the vast Arab Empire to entertain.

## Controversy 
, Male belly dancer]]
There have been restrictions on belly dancing in the past. At times, the dance was even outlawed. This is especially the case for countries where reigion plays an important role in society.  In these countries, there are religious leaders who have a critical view on traditions that show body parts with little clothing. In most cases, this affects women. Often, there are discussins about such dances. Usually, the dances and dancers are taken as an exanple to show the decay of moral values in society. As a reaction to this, new forms of such dances developed. In these new forms, dancers are male.  One of these dances is called Köcek

In 2006, Hamas outlawed bellydancing.

## References
Emperor Taishō

was the 123rd emperor of Japan according to the traditional order of succession.  His  started in 30 July 1912 and ended with his death in 1926. He was Emperor of Japan from 1912-1926, and as head of state was involved in World War 1, fighting against the German Empire while allied with the British Empire, French Third Republic, Portuguese Empire, and Australia from 1914-1918 . Emperor Taisho was also involved in the Russian Civil War in the Siberian Intervention from 1918-1922, as well the 1918-1920 Revolt Of The Czechoslovak Legion, but had to withdraw the Imperial Japanese Army from the Russian Civil War in 1922.

Emperor Taishō (meaning "Great Justice") was the name given to **Yoshihito** at the time of his coronation. Emperors of Japan receive a new name at the time of their coronation, and people start using the new name, both to refer to the emperor himself and the name of the era during which he reigned.

## Events of Taishō's life
Taishō's early life was marked by many changes in the role of emperor; and his reign was a period of consolidation.

### Timeline
 in 1912]]
A timeline of major events includes:

* **1879** (*Meiji 12*): A son called Harunomiya (also named Yoshihito) is born to Emperor Meiji
* **1900** (*Meiji 33*): Prince Yoshihito marries Kujō Sadako, who becomes Empress Teimei.
* **1912** (*Taishō 1*):  Prince Yoshihito became emperor; also, the Japanese era name becomes the first year of Taishō.
* **1914-1918** (*Taishō 3-7*): World War I
* **1921** (*Taishō 10*): Taishō's son Prince Hirohito became regent.
* **1923** (*Taishō 12*): Great Kantō earthquake
* **1926** (*Taishō 15*): The emperor dies and the responsibility of the throne passes to Crown Prince Hirohito; also, the era name became the first year of Shōwa.

## Related pages
* Emperor of Japan
* List of emperors of Japan
* Japanese imperial family tree
* Taishō period

## References 
## Further reading
* Bix, Herbert P. (2000). *Hirohito and the Making of Modern Japan.* New York: HarperCollins. ; OCLC 247018161
* Young, Arthur Morgan. (1928). *Japan under Taisho Tenno: 1912-1926.*  London: George Allen & Unwin. OCLC 2158641

## Other websites
Clive Charles

**Clive Michael Charles** (3 October 1951 – 26 August 2003) was an English football player, coach and television announcer. He was one of five National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) coaches to win more than 400 games.

## References
Paul Gascoigne

**Paul John Gascoigne** (born 27 May 1967) is an English retired football player. He has played for England national team.

## Life 
Paul Gascoigne was born in Gateshead, County Durham, on 27 May 1967. His father, John (1946–2018), was a hod carrier, and his mother, Carol, worked in a factory. He was named Paul John Gascoigne in tribute to Paul McCartney and John Lennon. 

Despite having a hard and troubled childhood, Gascoigne developed a love for football. Gascoigne saw professional football as a way of earning money to provide for his family He enjoyed football, and later wrote that "I didn't have twitches or worry about death when I was playing football". He was signed on as an apprentice at Newcastle on his 16th birthday.

Gascoigne married Sheryl Failes in 1996. Gascoigne had a son, Regan, with Sheryl and also adopted Sheryl's two children from her first marriage, Mason and Bianca. 

## Career statistics
### Club
### International
:''Scores and results list England's goal tally first, score column indicates score after each Gascoigne goal.''

## Honours
**Newcastle United Youth**
*FA Youth Cup: 1984–85

**Individual**
*PFA Young Player of the Year: 1987–88
*BBC Sports Personality of the Year: 1990
*English Football Hall of Fame Inductee: 2002
*Rangers Hall of Fame Inductee: 2006 

## Bibliography
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## References
Atreyu

**Atreyu** are an American heavy metal band. They are signed to Roadrunner Records. They took their name from a character called *Atreyu* in a book called *The Neverending Story*.Sound Tracks
*"You Give Love a Bad Name" (Bon Jovi cover) featured on Mr. & Mrs. Smith: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack (2005, Lakeshore Records)
Compilations
*"Bleeding Mascara" featured on Vans Warped Tour '05: 2005 Tour Compilation (2005, Side One Dummy Records)
*"A Song for the Optimists" featured on Victory Style: Volume 5 (2005, Victory Records)
*"Ain’t Love Grand" featured on AMP Magazine Presents: Hardcore, Volume 1 (2004, Suburban Home Records)
*"Taking Back Every Word That I Said" featured on Picking Up the Pieces: Volume 1 (2003, Fall Apart Records)
Magazine cover compilations
*"Bleeding Mascara" featured on August 2005 Rock Sound Magazine cover CD
*"Isn’t Love Grand" featured on March 2004 Metal Hammer cover CD
'Atreyu' is an American metal core band with melodic death metal and hardcore influences from Orange County, California. Contrary to popular belief, the band did not intentionally name itself after Atreyu, a character from Michael Ende's novel, The Never-ending Story. Rather, the name was suggested to them by a friend of the band. 
## Members
Current
*Dan Jacobs: guitar
*Marc McKnight: bass
*Travis Miguel: guitar
*Brandon Saller (born June 24, 1983): drums, vocals
*Alex Varkatzas (born January 17, 1982): vocals, lyrics
Atreyu was formed as a band sometime during 1998 and 1999. Shortly thereafter, they released their first EP, entitled Visions. The record garnered the band some success in the Southern California metal core scene and they constantly performed to support the seven-track release.
Atreyu released its second record, a five-track EP, entitled Fractures in the Facade of Your Porcelain Beauty, in 2001. The record featured early versions of the songs "Living Each Day Like You're Already Dead", "Someone's Standing on My Chest", and "Tulips Are Better", which were re-worked for the band's third release. The record also caught the attention of record executives at Victory Records, who quickly signed the band and added it to its roster.
Atreyu recorded and released its first full-length album in 2002. Suicide Notes and Butterfly Kisses would become an instant fan favorite and was noticed by a wide variety of music fans. The record broke down the walls separating the genres of heavy metal and hardcore, allowing the band to push itself into the forefront of the metal core scene. Critics from publications such as the L.A. Times, Guitar World, and Metal Maniacs commented that the "Southern California five-piece brings new definition to overnight success." Since then, the album has sold over 100,000 copies and has produced two popular singles, "Ain’t Love Grand" and "Lip Gloss and Black." Their newest album, "Congregation of the Damned", was released October 2009 and delighted many of their original fans. Their songs changed by their music slowly getting heavier and darker.
Vitaceae

**Vitaceae** are a family of dicotyledonous flowering plants including the grape and Virginia creeper. The family name comes from the genus *Vitis*.  The name sometimes appears as **Vitidaceae**, but Vitaceae is a conserved name and therefore has priority over both Vitidaceae and another name sometimes found in the older literature, **Ampelidaceae**.

The relationships of Vitaceae are unclear and the family does not appear to have any close relatives. In the Cronquist system, the family was placed near the family Rhamnaceae in order Rhamnales. The family was placed in the Rosid clade, but not classified in an order, by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (APG). The Angiosperm Phylogeny Web places Vitaceae in its own order, Vitales. Recent phylogenetic analyses support Vitaceae as the sister-group to all other rosids (Jansen et al. 2006).

Most Vitis species have 38 chromosomes (n=19), but 40 (n=20) in subgenus Muscadinia, while Ampelocissus, Parthenocissus, and Ampelopsis also have 40 chromosomes (n=20) and Cissus has 24 chromosomes (n=12).

The family is economically important as grapes (Vitis species) are an important fruit crop and, when fermented, produce wine.

Species of the genus Tetrastigma serve as hosts to parasitic plants in the family Rafflesiaceae.

Leea, sometimes classified in its own family, Leeaceae, is included in Vitaceae by the APG and the Angiosperm Phylogeny Web.
Little Carpathians

]]The **Little Carpathians** or **Lesser Carpathians** are a mountain range that are about 100 kilometers long. They are found in the western part of Slovakia, between Bratislava and Nové Mesto nad Váhom, and in Northeastern Austria.
Michael Laudrup

**Michael Laudrup** (born 15 June 1964) is a former Danish football player. He has played for Denmark national team.

## Career statistics
### Club
### International
:''Scores and results list Denmark's goal tally first, score column indicates score after each Laudrup goal.''

## Managerial statistics
## Honours
### Player
**Juventus**
*Serie A: 1985–86
*Intercontinental Cup: 1985

**Barcelona**
*La Liga: 1990–91, 1991–92, 1992–93, 1993–94
*Copa del Rey: 1989–90
*Supercopa de España: 1991, 1992
*European Cup: 1991–92
*UEFA Super Cup: 1992

**Real Madrid**
*La Liga: 1994–95

**Ajax**
*Eredivisie: 1997–98
*KNVB Cup: 1997–98

**Denmark**
*FIFA Confederations Cup: 1995

**Individual**
*Danish Player of the Year (2): 1982, 1985
*Don Balón Award&nbsp;– La Liga Best Foreign Player of the Year: 1991–92
*ESM Team of the Year: 1994–95
*FIFA XI (Reserve): 1996
*FIFA World Cup All-Star Team: 1998
*Best Foreign Player in Spanish Football in the last 25 years: 1974–1999
*UEFA Golden Player (Greatest Danish Footballer of the last 50 Years): 2003
*FIFA 100
*Denmark's Best Player of All Time: 2006
*Danish Football Hall of Fame
*World Soccer The Greatest Players of the 20th century: The 100 Greatest Footballers of All Time

### Manager
**Brøndby**
*Danish Superliga: 2004–05
*Danish Cup: 2002–03, 2004–05
*Danish League Cup: 2005
*Danish Supercup: 2002

**Swansea City**
*Football League Cup: 2012–13

**Lekhwiya**
*Qatar Stars League: 2014–15
*Crown Prince Cup: 2014–15

**Individual**
*Danish Manager of the Year: 2002–03, 2004–05
*Qatar Stars League Manager of the Month: August 2014, December 2014

### Orders
*Order of the Dannebrog: 2000

## Films
*  Jørgen Leth, "*Michael Laudrup&nbsp;– en fodboldspiller*", Denmark, 1993

## References 
## Other websites
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