open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Pyramidion

at Dashur is now on display beside the Pyramid]]

A **pyramidion** (plural **pyramidia**) is the very top piece of an Egyptian pyramid. They were called *benbenet* in the Ancient Egyptian language.  In Egypt's Old Kingdom, pyramidia were made of diorite, granite, or limestone. These were then covered in gold or electrum. The gold would reflect the rays of the sun. In later times they were made from granite which had royal titles and religious symbols cut into them.

A badly damaged white Tura limestone pyramidion is thought to have been made for the Red Pyramid of Sneferu at Dahshur. It has been rebuilt and put on show at the side of the pyramid. However it does not match, as its angles are steeper than that of the sides of the pyramid.

## Private brick pyramids with pyramidia 
]]

During the New Kingdom, some private underground tombs had a small brick pyramid built on top of them. These pyramids were topped with a pyramidia. The four sides included texts and scenes about the cult of the Sun god Ra.

The scenes usually show the course of the sun. It is shown rising on one side, and setting on the opposite side, and traveling, through the night, through the underworld, ruled by Osiris.

### Scribe Moses pyramidion
The pyramidion of the scribe Moses was made about 1250 BC from limestone. It is 53&nbsp;cm tall and shows him making an offering, with his name, on two opposite sides. The other two sides show a baboon which represents the god Thoth.

### Ptahemwia pyramidion
The pyramidion of Ptahemwia was made about 1200 BC, from limestone. It is 28&nbsp;cm wide and 42&nbsp;cm tall, and shows sun-related scenes. The Sun god, Ra, and the god of the Underworld, Osiris, are shown on one side. On another side is Ptahemwia, standing in an offering pose, facing three columns of hieroglyphs.

## Related pages
*Washington Monument, which has a solid aluminum pyramidion that serves as a lightning rod.

## References
## Other websites
* Transporting the pyramidion to the top of the Khufu-Pyramid
Brooklyn (disambiguation)

**Brooklyn** is one of the five boroughs of New York City.

**Brooklyn** might also refer to:
	
*Brooklyn, Connecticut
*Brooklyn, Indiana
*Brooklyn, Iowa	
*Brooklyn, Ohio
Stephen Furst

**Yrufter  Furst** (May 8, 1954 &ndash; June 16, 2017) was an American actor. He played Kent in ''National Lampoon's Animal House''. He also acted in other movies and other television shows.

On June 16, 2017, Furst died from complications related to diabetes at his home in Moorpark, California, at age 63.

## References
Linda Ellerbee

**Linda Ellerbee** (born August 15, 1944) is an American journalist. She worked for *Nick News with Linda Ellerbee*. She also worked on NBC News. At NBC, she worked on *The Today Show*.

She was born in Bryan, Texas.

## References
Stratford Festival

The **Stratford Festival**, formerly called the **Stratford Shakespeare Festival**, is an  theatre festival held in Stratford, Ontario, Canada. It runs from April to October. About a third of the plays are by William Shakespeare. The remainder range from Greek tragedy to  theatre. The theme for the 2015 season is called *eureka moments*. Featured plays will include Shakespeare's *Hamlet*, *The Taming of the Shrew* and ''Love's Labour's Lost''.

## References
Clinamen

**Clinamen** is the word Lucretius gave to the unpredictable  of atoms. He means that these atoms don't just fall down, but because of the swerve collisions happen. Lucretius wrote that without this slight swerve (atoms) would "fall like raindrops and never touch and the world would have never been made".  

## References
Perro de Presa Canario

The **Perro de Presa Canario** is a large  Mastiff-type dog breed from the Canary Islands. It was bred for working livestock. Also to run off or kill other dogs.  The breed is sometimes also called **Dogo Canario** or Canary Dog.

## Height and weight
Height:
* Males: 
* Females: 
Weight:
* Males:  range 1
* Males:  FCI standard
* Females:  FCI standard

Some sources state that males can range up to  high end while other sources state that females can be 36-45 kg at the least and 38-50 kg at the most.

## References
Claude Criquielion

**Claude Criquielion** (11 January 1957 &ndash; 18 February 2015) was a  Belgian professional road bicycle racer. He raced between 1979 and 1990. In 1984, Criquielion became the world road race champion in Barcelona, Spain on a gruelling course.  He had five top-ten finishes in the Tour de France.

## Other websites
*Official Tour de France results for Claude Criquielion
*Palmares on Cycling Base (French)
Lasse Braun

**Lasse Braun** (born **Alberto Ferro**; 11 January 1936 – 16 February 2015) was an Italian pornographer, movie director, producer, screenwriter, novelist and researcher. He was known for creating hardcore pornography movies and selling them to peep shows in the United States.

Braun died from complications of diabetes on February 16, 2015 in Rome, Italy at the age of 78.

## Other websites
*
*
*Rotten.com Library Biography 
*Lasse Braun – his life and his movies
Andrzej Koszewski

**Andrzej Koszewski** (Poznań, 26 July 1922 – 17 February 2015) was a Polish composer, musicologist and teacher. His students included Lidia Zielińska, Krzesimir Dębski and Bettina Skrzypczak.

## References
Koyaanisqatsi

***Koyaanisqatsi*** is a 1982 movie. It was produced and directed by Godfrey Reggio. The music for the movie was composed by Philip Glass. The movie is a collection of shots from a wide range of places. Most of them show modern life as an unstoppable, almost mechanical sequence of events. The title of the movie, *Koyaanisqatsi* comes from the Hopi Indian language and means "life out of balance" or "crazy life". The movie is designed to make us question our modern way of life and to see that the way we live now is not in balance with nature. The movie shows a number of images, such as the organised demolition of the Pruit Igoe housing complex, the inside of a factory producing endless copies, the faces of strangers in crowded streets and time-lapse images of cars and other vehicles speeding along cities. The effect of the music and the movie together is very powerful. The movie is part of the *Qatsi* trilogy.

## References
Ice cream cone

in an ice cream cone]]
An **ice cream cone**, **poke** or **cornet** is a dry, cone-shaped pastry used to hold ice cream. It is usually made of a wafer similar in texture to a waffle. Ice cream cones let you eat without a bowl or a spoon. Different types of ice cream cones include wafer (or cake) cones, waffle cones, and sugar cones.
Scholz's Star

'''Scholz's Star''' is a nearby star which flew through the Solar System's Oort cloud about 70,000 years ago. It is also called **WISE 0720-0846** (more fully: **WISE J072003.20-084651.2**.

This binary star system is now about  from the Sun. It is in the southern constellation Monoceros near the Galactic plane. The primary is a red dwarf with  times the mass of Jupiter. The secondary is probably a T5 brown dwarf. The system has 0.15 solar masses.

## References
Ross 248

**Ross 248** (HH Andromedae) is a small star about  from Earth. It is in the direction of the northern constellation of Andromeda. Despite its proximity to the Earth, this star is too dim to be seen with the naked eye. Ross 248 was first catalogued by Frank Elmore Ross in 1926 with his second list of proper motion stars.

The star is a UV Ceti-type variable star and a red dwarf

## References
Wayne Allwine

**Wayne Anthony Allwine** (February 7, 1947 – May 18, 2009) was an American voice actor, sound effects editor and foley artist for The Walt Disney Company. He was best known for his role as the voice of Mickey Mouse from 1977 to 2009. He was married to voice actress Russi Taylor, who was the voice of Minnie Mouse. He died on May 18, 2009 of complications of diabetes. He received an Emmy Award for sound editing in 1986.

## Filmography
### Films
### Television
### Video games
### Park Attractions
**Muppet*Vision 3D* - Mickey Mouse
*''Mickey's PhilharMagic'' - Mickey Mouse

## Production work
## References
Amor à Vida

***Amor à Vida*** (Trail of Lies) is a Brazilian telenovela. It is produced by Rede Globo. It was Written by Walcyr Carrasco.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Official website
Heinrich Windelen

**Heinrich Windelen** (25 June 1921 in Bolkenhain - 16 February 2015 in Warendorf) was a German politician of the Christian Democratic Union. He served as a Member of the Bundestag from 1957 to 1990, and as Federal Minister for Displaced Persons, Refugees and War Victims in the Cabinet Kiesinger in 1969 and as Federal Minister of Intra-German Relations in the Cabinet Kohl II from 1983 to 1987.

## References
Jetstar Pacific Airlines

**Jetstar Pacific Airlines** is a low-cost airline of Vietnam. It was established by Vietnam Airlines in 1991. It flies to many domestic and some international destinations (Macau, Bangkok, Singapore). Its main airport is Tan Son Nhat International Airport in Ho Chi Minh City. It has 10 Airbus A320 aircraft and will have 15 aircraft later in 2015.

## Destinations
*Vietnam
**Ho Chi Minh City
**Hanoi
**Da Nang
** Hai Phong
** Huế
** Nha Trang
** Vinh
**Dong Hoi
**Quy Nhon
** Da Lat
**Buon Me Thuot
**Can Tho
**Phu Quoc
*Asia
Hylte/Halmstad VBK

**Hylte/Halmstad VBK** is a volleyball club in Hyltebruk, Sweden. It was established in 1980. The club won the Swedish men's national championship in the years of 1995, 1996 2000, 2001, 2005, 2006, 2013 and 2018. The women's team won the Swedish national championship in 2014.

## References
## Other websites
*Official website
Vingåkers VK

**Vingåkers VK** is a volleyball club in Vingåker in Sweden. It was established in 1972. The club lost the Swedish men's national championship finals against Örkelljunga VK in the years 0f 2003.

## References
## Other websites
*Official website
Väröbacka

**Väröbacka** is a locality in Varberg Municipality in Halland County in Sweden. In 2010, 630 people lived there.

## References
Peanut butter and jelly sandwich

The **peanut butter and jelly sandwich** or **PB&J** is a sandwich, popular in North America. It has a layer of peanut butter and either jelly or jam usually on 2 slices of bread.

Peanut Butter and Jelly sandwiches have around 375 calories.

## Popularity 
Peanut Butter and Jelly sandwiches are popular in schools and popular amongst children  On April 2, 2016, it is revealed most people may eat almost 3,000 peanut butter and jelly sandwiches in their lifetime.

## References
## Other websites
*
Cathy Ubels-Veen

**Catharina "Cathy" Ubels-Veen** (28 October 1928 – 17 February 2015) was a Dutch politician. She was a member of the Second Chamber of the Netherlands for the Evangelical People's Party between 1982 and 1986.

Ubels-Veen  died in Amsterdam, aged 86.

## References
*  Bio at Parlement.com
Ernest J. Sternglass

**Ernest Joachim Sternglass** (September 24, 1923 – February 12, 2015) was an German-American physicist and writer. He was the emeritus professor at the University of Pittsburgh and Director of the Radiation and Public Health Project.

Sternglass was best known for his controversial research on the health risks of low-level radiation from atmospheric testing of nuclear weapons and from nuclear power plants.

Sternglass died in Ithaca, New York from heart failure, aged 91.

## References
## Other websites
* Radiation and Public Health Project website 
* 1992 interview
* Dr. Sternglass' book *Secret Fallout* is available as a free download. (April 2006)
* Criticism of Sternglass' findings by Robert Holloway http://www.ntanet.net/instructors.html of Nevada Technical Associates, Inc.
* Pauling on 1958 petition signed by 2,000 American scientists
Kvinnliga IK Sport

**Kvinnliga IK Sport** is a sports club in Gothenburg in Sweden. Just as the name says the club only runs women's activity. Since the late 1970s men are however allowed to be board members. The club nowadays only runs handball activity. The handball team won 14 Swedish national indoor championship titles between 1951 and 1972 (1951, 1952, 1953, 1954, 1955, 1957, 1958, 1959, 1960, 1961, 1964, 1969, 1971 and 1972). Earlier the club even ran cycling, gymnastics, track and field athletics, speedskating and orienteering.

## References 
## Other websites
* Official website
Bengt Ohlson

**Bengt Ohlson**, born 10 March 1943, is a Swedish former ice hockey player and manager. He acted as the head coach for the Swedish national team during the 1980-1981 season. During that season Sweden won the silver medal during the 1981 IIHF World Championship. Otherwise that season had been less successful for the Swedes. He resigned after being threatened to death.

When Sweden won the silver medal he became popular known as "Silverfisken" by the Swedes. He had been called "Torsken" after the Swedish fiasco during the 1980 Izvestia Tournament.

## References
## Other websites
* Eliteprospects
Kabe sommarland

**Kabe sommarland** or just **Kabeland** was a summertime-based amusement park in the town of Jönköping in Sweden. What once was a summer park is now deserted and ruined. It was located at Haga near the Jönköping paintball park.

The facility was built by KABE Husvagnar AB back in the early 1980s. The park was opened in 1984 by Gösta Gunnarsson. He was back then Jönköping County governor. The first years were successful. By the early 1990s economic recession stroke hard against the economy. A pyrmaniac was roaming the neighbourhoods some years later. In September 1995 a fire destroyed the restaurant. Following the 1995 season the park was closed down, deserted and devastated.

## References
Summer park

in Denmark.]]
A **summer park** is a form of theme park with a summertime theme. A summer park is only opened during the summertime season. Playgrounds and swimming pool make up most attractions instead of carousels,.

Several summer parks have been built in Denmark.

The phenomenon was booming in Sweden by the late and mid 1980s. It expanded during the economic boom before a decrease began in the early 1990s during the economc recession. The phenomenon was  also decreasing because of the introduction of a wider entertainment market.

## References
Kate Brown

**Katherine "Kate" Brown** (born June 21, 1960) is an American politician. She was raised in Minnesota. She became the 38th Governor of Oregon on February 18, 2015 after the resignation of John Kitzhaber. 

Brown is the state's second female governor, after Barbara Roberts. She is the first openly  bisexual governor in United States history.

## References
## Other websites
Innuendo (song)

**Innuendo** is the first single from the 1991 album *Innuendo*, by the English rock band Queen. This single is one of the longest d by Queen. The video is contains animation and clips from other Queen songs, like "The Miracle", "Breakthru", "The Invisible Man", "Scandal" and "I Want It All". The single "Innuendo" reached #1 on the UK Singles Chart in 1991.

## Music video
A very elaborate music video was created to accompany the single and released on 10 December 1990, combining stop motion animation with rotoscoping and featuring creepy dolls in a detailed miniature cinema set. The band members only appear as illustrations and images, mainly taken from earlier Queen music videos (such as "The Miracle", "Scandal", "Breakthru", "The Invisible Man", "I Want It All", and clips from "Live at Wembley Stadium 1986"), on a cinema screen in the same manner as in the film *Nineteen Eighty-Four*, with Mercury drawn in the style of Leonardo da Vinci, May in the style of Victorian etchings, Taylor in the style of Jackson Pollock, and Deacon in the style of Pablo Picasso. It also featured a montage of historical stock footages. The interlude of Flamenco music showed some claymation figures of jesters, tumbling, clapping and juggling, which were animated by Klaybow Films. The video won production company DoRo (who also produced the videos to all other singles from the *Innuendo* album) a Monitor Award for Best Achievement in Music Video.

## People 
* Freddie Mercury - lead and backing vocals, keyboards
* Brian May - electric and classical guitars
* Roger Taylor - drums, percussion
* John Deacon - bass guitar
* Steve Howe - Spanish guitar solo
* David Richards - keyboards

## Certifications 
## Chart 
## References 
## Other websites
* Lyrics at Queen official website
Hope Emerson

**Hope Emerson** (October 29, 1897 – April 25, 1960) was an American actress. She acted in television and movies and on the stage. She played Evelyn Harper in *Caged* (1950). She also played a mail order bride in *Westward the Women* (1952).

Emerson was born in Hawarden, Iowa. She died from liver disease at age 62.

## References
Johnny "Guitar" Watson

**Johnny "Guitar" Watson** (February 3, 1935 – May 17, 1996) was an American singer. He sang blues, soul and funk music. He had hit songs in the 1970s with "A Real Mother For Ya", "Ain't That a Bitch" and "Superman Lover". He had many other hits. 

Watson was born in Houston, Texas. He died from a heart attack in Japan.

## References
Hickory, North Carolina

**Hickory** is a city in Catawba County, North Carolina, United States. It had a population of 43,490 as of 2020. Its metropolitan area has 368,347 people as of 2020.

## References
Official Museums of Amsterdam

The **Official Museums of Amsterdam** (OAM) is an organization of museums in Amsterdam, Netherlands. It was ed in 1994. All member museums belong to the Dutch museum association.

## Members
The current list of the 44 members: 

## References 
## Other websites
* Official website OAM 
* Official website Dutch museum association
Ciudad del Este

**Ciudad del Este** (Spanish for *City of the East*) is the second largest city in Paraguay and capital of the Alto Paraná Department, on the Paraná River.

## History
Founded in 1957, it was first called *Puerto Flor de Lis*, then *Puerto Presidente Stroessner*, after Alfredo Stroessner. In 1989, its name was changed to Ciudad del Este.

## Geography
Ciudad del Este is in southeastern Paraguay, in the *Oriental* region. The district area is  and an estimated population in 2015 of 290,912 for a population density of  inhabitants/km2.

Ciudad del Este is in front of the Brazilian city of Foz do Iguaçu (state of Paraná), separated from it by Paraná River and linked by the "Friendship Bridge". The Argentine border is between the neighbouring town of Presidente Franco and Puerto Iguazú (Misiones Province). Ciudad del Este, along with the towns and districts of Hernandarias, Minga Guazú and Presidente Franco, forms an area named *Gran Ciudad del Este* ("Greater Ciudad del Este").

## Pictures

File:Ciudad-del-este.jpg|Downtown Ciudad del Este
File:Ciudad del Este puente de la Amistad.jpg|Skyline view and the Friendship Bridge
File:Ponte da amizade - Friendship bridge- Paraguay (9623754507).jpg|Friendship bridge with Brazil
File:Brasil-Paraguay Border.JPG|Border of Brazil and Paraguay in Ciudad del Este

## Related pages
* List of cities in Paraguay

## References
* 
*
Simborgarmärket

**Simborgarmärket** is an award given to any person who can swim at least 200 meter. He or she can choose which stroke to use. The award was first awarded on 8 July 1934. It was established on the initiative of David Jonason. The ambition was increase the number of people able to swim. It was originally only awarded to people aged 16 and older. Girls and women originally only needed to swim 150 meters.

## References
Rickard Fagerlund

**Rickard Fagerlund**, born 25 January 1937 in Södertälje, Sweden, dead 31 December 2009, was a Swedish ice hockey player and manager. He played as a defenseman for Södertälje SK. He won the Swedish national championship in 1956. He also played for GAIS, IFK Norrköping and IK Oskarshamn. He later coached HC Vita Hästen.

He was the chairman of the Swedish Ice Hockey Association between 17 September 1983 and 15 June 2002.

## Successions
## References
Marianne Berglund

**Marianne Berglund**, born 23 June 1963 in Skellefteå, Sweden is a Swedish former road racing cyclist. She won the women's road race during the UCI Road World Championships in Altenrhein, Switzerland on 3 September. She has also won the Tour of Texas. She won the first edition of Tjejtrampet in the year of 1990.

## References
## Other websites
* Radsportseiten
Sex assignment

**Sex assignment** or **gender assignment** is the process of determining the sex of a baby, whether it is a boy or a girl. Usually, a doctor, parents, or the midwife look at the sex organs of a newborn baby to do this. The assigned sex is written on the birth certificate, passport and other identification papers.

Even though it is called "assignment," these adults are not literally assigning (choosing) whether the child is male or female. In most people, the sex assigned at birth matches the gender identity of the person. If the assigned sex does not match the gender identity of a person, then they are transgender. In a very small number of newborn babies, it is not possible to tell whether the child is male or female by looking at the sex organs. These people are intersex.

## Other page 
*Sexual reassignment surgery

## References
Sune Bergman

**Sune Bergman** (5 December 1952 &ndash; August 2021) was a Swedish ice hockey player and manager. When coaching HV71 the club won the 1995 Swedish national championship.

Bergman died in August 2021, aged 68.

## References
Borlänge HK

**Borlänge HK** is a handball club in the town of Borlänge in Sweden. It was established in 1947. The club won the Swedish women's national championship in the years of 1970, 1973 and 1978. The women's team played 11 seasons in the Swedish top division between 1971-1972 and 1995-1996. and the men's team played in the Swedish top division during the 1984-1985 season.

## References 
## Other websites
*official website
Eslövs IK

**Eslövs IK** is a sports club in Eslöv in Sweden. It was established in 1961. Nowadays the club mostly runs handball activity. The women's team won the Swedish national indoor championship titles in 2002 and 2003.

The women's team plays under the name **Eslövs IK** (up to 2002 **Team Skåne EIK**). The club also runs the women's Division 2 team '**Eslövstjejerna**'.

## References 
## Other websites
* Official website
Skuru IK

**Skuru IK** is a sports club in Skuru in Nacka in Sweden. It was established on 22 October 1922. The club runs basketball, gymnastics, handball and swimming activity. Earlier it even ran bowling and ice hockey. The club began to play handball in 1950. The women's handball team won the Swedish national indoor championship titles in the years of 2001, 2004 and 2005.

## References 
## Other websites
* Official website
Skånela IF

**Skånela IF** is a sports club in Märsta in Sweden. It was established in 1949. The club mostly plays handball. The club won the Swedish women's national indoor handball championship in 1992.

## References 
## Other websites
* Official website
Curt Lundmark

**Curt "Curre" Lundmark**, born 9 September 1944 in Byske, Sweden is a Swedish former ice hockey player and manager. He acted as the for the Swedish men's national team when it won the gold medal during the 1994 Olympic Winter Games in Lillehammer. Earlier he had also assisted Conny Evensson when Sweden won the 1991 IIHF World Championship in Turku and the 1992 IIHF World Championship in Prague. Curt Lundmark also led the to a silver medal during the 1995 IIHF World Championship in Stockholm. The Swedes lost the final game against Finland (1-4) during that tournament. Curt Lundmark resigned after that tournament. He was replaced by Kent Forsberg.

He has also coached club teams like Västerås IK, HV 71, Jokerit and Leksands IF. For some years he was also the SVT Sport expert commentator. As an expert commentator he often worked with Åsa E. Jönsson or Staffan Lindeborg.

## References
National Society for Road Safety

The **National Society for Road Safety** ()  is a road traffic safety organization in Sweden. The organization was established in 1934.

## References
## Other websites
* official website
Motormännens riksförbund

**Riksförbundet M Sverige (M Sverige),** formerly **Motormännens riksförbund** is an organization for motor vehicle-owners in Sweden. It was established in 1922. in Malmö as "Sveriges förenade motormän". The name was changed in 1924.

## References
## Other websites
*Official website
SoIK Hellas

**SoIK Hellas** is a sports club located in the town of Stockholm in Sweden. It was established on 14 May 1899 as **Pastorns gossar** by Katarina Parish confirmation priest Ernst Klefbeck. The club then changed its name to SoIK Hellas in 1912. The name change also came on the initiative of Ernst Klefbeck. Nowadays the club runs bowling, track and field athletics, handball, swimming, orienteering, tennis and water polo. The club earlier even ran soccer, table tennis, fencing, gymnastics, cross-country skiing, diving, ski orienteering and squash.

The men's handball team won the Swedish National Indoor Handball championship in the years of 1936, 1937, 1969, 1970, 1971, 1972 and 1977. Even the men's water polo team has won Swedish championship titles.

The club decided in 2009 to become an alliance club from 2010.

## References 
## Other websites
* Official website
Clu Gulager

**William Martin "Clu" Gulager** (November 16, 1928 &ndash; August 5, 2022) was an American actor and director. He was born in Holdenville, Oklahoma. He was known for his co-starring role as William H. Bonney (Billy the Kid) in the 1960–1962 NBC television series *The Tall Man* and for his role as Emmett Ryker in another NBC western series, *The Virginian*.

He also played Burt Wilson in *The Return of the Living Dead* and Ken Walsh in ''A Nightmare on Elm Street 2: Freddy's Revenge''. He also played a book store owner in Quentin Tarantino's 2019 movie *Once Upon a Time in Hollywood*.

Gulager died on August 5, 2022 at his son's home in Los Angeles, California at the age of 93.

## References
## Other websites
*Clu Gulager fan website
*
*Interview from psychotronicvideo.com 
**Mystery Science Theater 3000*, episode #908 (The Touch of Satan)
* Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture – Gulager, Clu
Stuart Varney

**Stuart Varney** (born July 7, 1949) is a British economic journalist. Varney joined Fox News Channel in January, 2004 as a business  on other shows including *Your World with Neil Cavuto*. He joined the Fox Business Network as an anchor when the network started in October 2007. He was also a guest host and contributor for FOX News Channel's *Your World with Neil Cavuto.*

## Career 
Varney was born on July 7, 1949 in Derby, Derbyshire, England. he graduated from the London School of Economics. In 1980 when CNN started, he hosted shows such as *Business Day* and *Business Asia*. On CNN’s *Moneyline* he co-hosted with Willow Bay from 1999 to 2001. He also worked for CNBC.

## References
Visby BBK

**Visby BBK** is a basketball club in Visby, Sweden. The club was established in 1992 out of the Visby AIK basketball section. The women's team play as **Visby Ladies**. The club won the Swedish women's national basketball championship during the season of 2004-2005.

Tia Paschal played for the club during the 1997-1998 season.

## References 
## Other websites
*Visby BBK 
*Visby Ladies' official website
Ockelbo BBK

**Ockelbo BBK** is a basketball club in Ockelbo in Sweden. The club was established in 1969. The women's team played in Elitserien between 1995-1999. The men's team qualified for the Swedish Basketball League in 2003. In 2006 the club was suffering from economic problems in 2006. The club applied for bankruptcy to the Gävle District Court on 13 February 2007. The men's team first played the two remaining games of the regular season.

## References
Neapolitan Mastiff

The **Neapolitan Mastiff** or **Italian Mastiff**, () is a large,  dog breed. This large breed is often used as a guard dog and family . Despite their looks, they are a big gentle dog with family and friends. They can be trained as guard dogs to protect people or property. male Neapolitan Mastiffs should measure 26&ndash;31&nbsp;inches (66&ndash;79&nbsp;cm) at the withers. They should weigh 130&ndash;155&nbsp;pounds (60-70&nbsp;kg). Females should measure 24&ndash;29&nbsp;inches (61&ndash;74&nbsp;cm). They should weigh 110&ndash;130 pounds (50&ndash;60&nbsp;kg). Body length should be 10&ndash;15% greater than height.

## References
Banu Hilal

The **Banu Hilal** () was a group of Nomadic Arabs. In the 11th century they migrated from Upper Egypt into what is now Tunisia and eastern Algeria. They defeated the Berbers.  

## History 
Oral tradition says that the tribe would have left Arabia to go to Egypt. According to their legend they rebelled against the Caliph of Baghdad in the second half of the 10th century. In 1049, when the Zirid ruler of Tunisia rebelled against Egypt, nomads were sent to punish them. Even though it was an oral history, the Banu Hilal were a real tribe. They did come from the Arabian Peninsula. And the Banu Hilal did  much of North Africa for over a century.

## Further reading 
* Almsaodi, Abdulaziz. Modern history of Yemen

## References 
## Other websites
* Power and Interest News Report
Maturity onset diabetes of the young

**Maturity onset diabetes of the young**, or **MODY** is any of several hereditary forms of diabetes mellitus caused by gene mutations. The mutations interfere with the making of insulin. MODY is often called **monogenic diabetes**. MODY 2 and MODY 3 are the most common forms of the disease.

The term "MODY" goes back to around 1964.

In MODY 2, oral medications or insulin may not be needed. In MODY 1 and MODY 3, insulin may be necessary.

Some people with MODY may be obese or overweight.

## References
Deal or No Deal (album)

***Deal or No Deal*** is the second studio album by American rapper, Wiz Khalifa. *Deal or No Deal* was released on November 24, 2009 through Rostrum Records. 5,900 copies were sold in the first week of release.

The album peaked at #10 on the *Billboard* Top Rap Albums and at #25 on the *Billboard* Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums.

## Songs
## References
## Other websites
*
Mastiff

The **Mastiff**, also called the **English Mastiff**, is a large breed of dog. They have a rectangular body, thick muscles and a massive head with a wrinkled forehead. The Mastiff is one of the largest breeds of dogs who can outweigh many full-grown men.

## History 
The early Mastiff was called a **molosser** or molossus. Genetics and breeding dogs to get certain s was unknown then. In 350 BC, Aristotle wrote that the ancestor of the Mastiff was the Molosser. Today the two names are often used to mean the same  or family of dogs. For example, the modern St. Bernard is sometimes described as a mastiff and sometimes as a molosser . Many prefer to class them as molosser breeds so as not to confuse them with the Mastiff dog breed. Currently there are about 14 different breeds in the molosser/mastiff family of dogs that are bred from or have a common ancestor with the Mastiff. Some of these include the:
* American Bulldog A Mastiff is a very ed dog and takes his or her time in doing a task. Owners call this the "Mastiff tempo". If an owner and another person act in a threatening way, the Mastiff will usually get between them to protect its owner. This is hard for the other person to miss and usually results in a cooling down of a heated discussion. But, if the situation does get worse, the Mastiff will usually  or snarl at the other person as a ing. 

Early  is important so the Mastiff knows who belongs in the house and who does not. For example, if a Mastiff puppy sees strangers coming and going all the time, they tend to see this as normal and might not recognize an  if they see one. However, a properly trained and socialized Mastiff will usually corner a burglar or intruder. Unless the intruder does something foolish, like try to hurt the dog, he or she will probably not be hurt.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Training Molosser dogs
* Molossers: The Molosser Dog Breeds
Rolling Papers

***Rolling Papers*** is the third studio album by American rapper, Wiz Khalifa. *Rolling Papers* was released on March 29, 2011 through both Atlantic and Rostrum Records.

The album debuted at #2 on the *Billboard* 200. *Rolling Papers* was certified Gold by the RIAA which is uncommon for an album that was released through an independent label. It has sold 500,000 copies in the United States.

The album featured the singles "Black and Yellow", "Roll Up", "On My Level", and "No Sleep".

## Songs
## References
## Other websites
*
A3 Basket

**A3 Basket** (used to be known as**Umeå BBK**) is a basketball club in Umeå, Sweden. The teams played under the name "Udominate Basket". The club was established in 2012 out of the KFUM Umeå women's basketball section "Umeå Comets".  The women's team debuted in Basketligan dam during the 2012-2013 season. They ended up fifth and reached the semifinals. They lost there to the Norrköping Dolphins. The club also plays in the BWBL.

During the 2013-2014 season the men's team qualified for the Swedish Basketball League.

## References 
## Other websites
*Official website
Henry Segerstrom

**Henry Thomas Segerstrom** (April 5, 1923 – February 20, 2015) was an American entrepreneur and philanthropist. He was the founding chairman of the Orange County Performing Arts Center now known as the Segerstrom Center for the Arts.

## References
Harris Wittels

**Harris Lee Wittels** (June 20, 1984 – February 19, 2015) was an American actor, comedian, writer, producer and musician. He was born in Oklahoma City and raised in Houston. He is best known for having been a writer for *The Sarah Silverman Program*, a writer, actor and executive producer for *Parks and Recreation*. 

Wittels died in Los Angeles on February 19, 2015 at the age of 30.

## References
Show and Prove

***Show and Prove*** is the first album by American rapper Wiz Khalifa. It was released on September 5, 2006, by Rostrum Records. Recording for the album took place from 2005 to 2006. Production was mostly by I.D. Labs, along with Nesia Beatz, The Resource, and others.

The album's lead single was "Pittsburgh Sound". After its release, *Show and Prove* received positive reviews. It has sold 10,000 copies in the United States as of now.

## Recording 
Khalifa recorded the album from 2005 to 2006. At first, he announced the album title as *Show and Improve*. Later he changed it to *Show and Prove*.

## Track listing 
**Notes**
* Track 17 includes a hidden track, which appears at the 4:25 mark.
* In some formats, "Youngin On His Grind / Pittsburgh Sound" is listed as a single track.

## References
*Ayad, Moustafa (October 5, 2006). "For the Record: 10/5/06". *Pittsburgh Post-Gazette*. Retrieved on August 4, 2007.
*Amen, Rob (March 30, 2007). "South Hills hip-hop artist shows he's got nothing to prove ". *Pittsburgh Tribune-Review*. Retrieved on August 4, 2007.

## Other websites
**Show and Prove* review on okayplayer.com
Misophonia

**Misophonia** (meaning "hatred of sound") is a disorder where certain normal sounds, and sometimes visual motions associated with those sounds, can cause someone to experience an unusually strong and uncomfortable mental and physical reaction. The sounds could be as simple as someone chewing food or gum loudly or with their mouth open. Other examples include a ballpoint pen clicking (repeatedly), ping, typing and other common sounds. The disorder has only been  and named in the last 20 years. According to one sufferer, "It’s like a fight-or-flight response: Your muscles get tense, you’re on edge, your heart races, and you feel the urge to flee." Misophonia is often misdiagnosed as one of several psychological disorders. People who experience misophonia often isolate themselves to keep away from trigger sounds. There is no cure yet, but there are potential treatments to help sufferers cope. Many also have severe trouble focusing on tasks while exposed to triggering sounds.

The cause of misophonia is not yet known. Some studies say that it affects more than 5% of the population. It can appear with other disorders such as Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), and others.

## Symptoms of Misophonia 
* Repulsion to Specific Sounds
* Emotional Response
* Physical Response
* Avoidance

## References
O.N.I.F.C.

***O.N.I.F.C.*** is the fourth studio album by American rapper, Wiz Khalifa. *O.N.I.F.C.* was released on December 4, 2012 through both Atlantic and Rostrum Records. The name of the album is inspired by the Prodigy album, *H.N.I.C.*.

The album debuted at #2 on the *Billboard* 200. The album featured the singles "Work Hard, Play Hard" and "Remember You".

## Songs
## References
## Other websites
*
J1 (Y-DNA)

**Haplogroup J1**, more fully **Y DNA haplogroup J-M267**, is a Y chromosome haplogroup found in the Middle East. This means it is found in a group of descendants from a single common ancestor in the father's line. It carries a mutation on the Y chromosome known as M267. This type of mutation is called a SNP, or a single nucleotide polymorphism, a change at one position in a gene's DNA. 

Y chromosomes are passed down from father to son without changing, so an SNP like this shows common ancestry.

The origin of this mutation was between 4,000 and 24,000 years ago.

## References
Haplogroup

A **haplogroup** is a group of single chromosomes, or single DNA strands, which share a common ancestor. They have the same mutation in all versions. 

Haplogroups show deep ancestral origins dating back thousands of years.

In human genetics, the haplogroups usually studied are Y-chromosome (Y-DNA) haplogroups and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroups. Both can be used to define genetic populations. Y-DNA is passed only from father to son, while mtDNA is passed only from mother to children. Neither recombines, and thus Y-DNA and mtDNA change only by chance mutations with no intermixture between parents' genetic material.

## Related pages 
*J1 (Y-DNA)

## References
Filipstads IF

**Filipstads IF** is a sports club in the town Filipstad in Sweden. It was established in 1930. The men's bandy team played in the Swedish top division during the seasons of 1967-1968, 1972-1973 and 1974-1975. The soccer team played in the Swedish fourth division during the season of 1956/1957.

## References 
## Other websites
*Bandy
*Ice hockey
*Track and field athletics
Nynäshamns IF

**Nynäshamns IF** is a sports club in the town of Nynäshamn in Sweden. It was established on 4 February 1917. It became an alliance club on 1 January 1989. The men's bandy team played in the Swedish top division during the season of 1971-1972.

The men's soccer team played in the Swedish second division during the seasons of 1939-1940 and 1940-1941.

## References 
## Other websites
*Official website (soccer)
*Official website (ice hockey)
*Official website (skiing)
IFK Askersund

**IFK Askersund** is a sports club in the town of Askersund in Sweden. It was established on 1 February 1895. It runs soccer activity. The club has also scored bandy successes. The bandy team played nine seasons in the Swedish top division between 1945 and 1964-1965.

## References 
## Other websites
*IFK Askersund
Söderköpings IS

**Söderköpings IS** was a sports club in the town of Söderköping, Sweden.

Established on 12 December 1917, the bandy club played in the Swedish top division in 1942 and lost all five league games. In 1950, the club won the bandy district championship. The soccer club played five seasons in the Swedish fourth division.

On 15 January 2004, the club merged with IK Ramunder, which led to the establishment of Söderköpings IK.

## References
Luleå BBK

**Luleå BBK** is a basketball club in the town of Luleå in Sweden. The club was established in 1978. Before the 2011-2012 season the club changed its names to **Northland Basket**. The club changed back to its original name in mid-July 2015.

The club won the Swedish women's national basketball championship in 2014, 2015, 2016 and 2017. The club also lost the national finals in the years of 2005, 2006, 2007, 2011 and 2012.2017 and 2018.

## References 
## Other websites
*official website
Single nucleotide polymorphism

A **single nucleotide polymorphism** (**SNP**, pronounced *snip*; plural *snips*) is a DNA sequence variation in a population. A SNP is just a single nucleotide difference in the genome. 

For example, sequenced DNA fragments from two people, AAGCCTA to AAGCTTA, is different in a single nucleotide. In this case we say that there are two *alleles*. Almost all common SNPs have only two alleles. SNPs occur most often in regions of the DNA which do not affect the survival of the organism: otherwise they would be weeded out by natural selection. Other factors, like genetic recombination and mutation rate, can also affect SNP density. There are variations between human populations, so a SNP allele that is common in one geographical or ethnic group may be much rarer in another.

These genetic variations between individuals (particularly in non-coding parts of the genome) are sometimes exploited in DNA fingerprinting, which is used in forensic science. Also, these genetic variations cause differences in our susceptibility to disease. The severity of illness and the way our body responds to treatments are also manifestations of genetic variations. For example, a single base mutation in the APOE (apolipoprotein E) gene is associated with a higher risk for Alzheimer's disease.

## References
Härnösands AIK

**Härnösands AIK** is a sports club in the town of Härnösand in Sweden. It was established in 1945 and originally thought to be called **BK Virgo**. However the club was required to change name because the other name was already in use. The club plays bandy. Earlier the club also ran soccer, track and field athletics, skiing and table tennis.

The men's bandy team played in the Swedish top division during the season of 1984-1985. The women's bandy team has played several seasons in the Swedish top division.

## References 
## Other websites
*Official website
Forsbacka

**Forsbacka** is a locality in Gävle Municipality in Gävleborg County in Sweden. In 2010, 1,702 people lived there.

## References
Setif, Algeria

**Setif** (Arabic: سطيف) is a town in northeastern Algeria. It is the capital of Sétif Province and it has a population of 288,461 people as of the 2008 census. Setif is east of Algiers. It is the second most important Wilaya after the country's capital. The streets are lined with trees with a fountain and theater, giving the town  a French feel.

## History 
Setifis (or Sitifis) was founded by the Romans, during the reign of Nerva, as a colony for veterans. Although no buildings of this period are known, a cemetery found in the 1960s seems to have contained tombs from the early colony.

## Demography 
The population is Chaoui, Kabyle and Arab in origin. 

## Twinning 
*  Biskra
*  Rennes in 1982
*  Miami
*  Rio de Janeiro
*  Lyon
*  Los Angeles
*  Medina

## References
Forsbacka IK

**Forsbacka IK** is a sports club in Forsbacka in Sweden. It was established in 1918. The club plays bandy, floorball, handball and soccer. The men's bandy team has popular been known as the "Yellow Peril" () and has played 16 seasons in the Swedish top division. between 1940 and 1967-1968. The men's bandy team has often been described as a typical "yo-yo" club that has been promoted and relegated between the top division and second division for almost 30 years.

The men's soccer team has played nine seasons in the Swedish third division.

The floorball section was started in 1991.

## References 
## Other websites
*Official website
IK Heros

**IK Heros** is a sports club in Smedjebacken in Sweden. It was established in 1915. The club has bandy and track and field athletics sections. It earlier even played soccer. The men's bandy team has played 11 seasons in the Swedish top division. between 1940 and 1965-1966.

The men's soccer team has played five seasons in the Swedish third division.

## References 
## Other websites
* Bandy  
* Track and field athletics
Jack Horner (paleontologist)

**John R. "Jack" Horner** is an American paleontologist. He discovered and named *Maiasaura*. He also showed for the first time that some dinosaurs cared for their young. Horner also served as the technical advisor for all of the *Jurassic Park* films. He served in the Vietnam War.

## References
Pallor

**Pallor** (also known as **paleness**) is when the skin is a pale color. It can be caused by illness, stress or even shock. 

Pallor is seen most easily on the face and palms. It can develop suddenly or slowly.

Causes of pallor may include migraines, headache, hypoglycemia, anemia or scarlet fever.

## References
Myxobacteria

The **myxobacteria** ("**slime bacteria**") are a group of bacteria that usuallly live in the soil. They feed on insoluble organic substances. They have very large genomes compared to other bacteria. Myxobacteria are included in the delta group of proteobacteria, a large group of Gram-negative forms.

Myxobacteria move by gliding on the surface. They travel in *swarms* with many cells kept together by intercellular molecular signals. The swarm puts out extracellular enzymes to digest food. This increases feeding efficiency. 

## Life cycle 
When nutrients are scarce, myxobacterial cells aggregate into *fruiting bodies*. These fruiting bodies are different shapes and colours, depending on the species. 

Inside the fruiting bodies, cells develop into rounded myxospores with thick cell walls. These myxospores, like spores in other organisms, survive until nutrients are more plentiful. Then cell growth is restarted with a group (swarm) of myxobacteria, not just isolated cells.  Similar life cycles have developed among the amoebae called cellular slime moulds.

## Uses 
Myxobacteria produce a number of biomedically and industrially useful chemicals, such as antibiotics, and export those chemicals outside of the cell. Some myxobacteria are used as model organisms for the study of development. At a molecular level, initiation of fruiting body development is regulated by Pxr sRNA.

## References
Sea Life Minnesota Aquarium

**Sea Life Minnesota Aquarium** is a public aquarium located in the Mall of America in Bloomington, Minnesota, USA. It holds over 10,000 aquatic creatures. This includes a large collection of sharks, sea turtles, stingrays and fresh water fish.  The  aquarium also features sea turtles, octopuses, and lobsters. Freshwater exhibits include game fish from the northern United States. There are several giant catfish and a  alligator gar. The aquarium has 30 tanks. It has the "world's largest jellyfish collection" and the "world's largest underground shark exhibit".

## References
Avengers: Age of Ultron

***Avengers: Age of Ultron*** is an action-thriller superhero movie. It premiered in Los Angeles on April 13, 2015, and was released on May 1, 2015, in North America.

It was first revealed in May 2012, after *The Avengers* was released. On August 6, 2012, director Joss Whedon announced on Twitter that principal photography was complete. Two sequel movies were released: *Avengers: Infinity War* in 2018, and *Avengers: Endgame* in 2019.

## Related pages
* The Avengers (movie)

## References
## Other websites
* 
* Cinematicumuniverse: Avengers: Age of Ultron
Haplotype

A **haplotype** is a term in genetics. It is short for haploid genotype. A haplotype is a collection of specific alleles (particular DNA sequences) in a cluster of tightly-linked genes on a chromosome. A cluster is usually inherited together. Put simply, haplotype is a closely-knit group of genes which a child inherits from one parent.

A second meaning of the term haplotype is a set of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) usually found together on a single chromatid (of a chromosome pair). So, finding a few alleles of a haplotype sequence identifies all other sites in its region. Such information is very valuable for investigating the genetics of common diseases.

Comparing haplotypes of two or more people shows the degree of genetic relationship between their respective lines. It is done in genetic genealogy projects.

## References