Château de Malmaison

The **Château de Malmaison** () is a country house (or château) in the city of Rueil-Malmaison about 12&nbsp;km (7&nbsp;mi) from Paris.

It was formerly the residence of Joséphine de Beauharnais. With the Tuileries it was the headquarters of the French government from 1800 to 1802.

## History
Joséphine de Beauharnais bought the manor house in April 1797 for herself and her husband, General Napoléon Bonaparte. The future Napoléon I of France was at that time away fighting the Egyptian Campaign. Malmaison was a run-down estate, seven miles (12&nbsp;km) west of central Paris that encompassed nearly  of woods and meadows.

When he came back from Egypt, Bonaparte was angry at Joséphine for buying such an expensive house. She had expected him to bring back a lot of money from the Egyptian campaign. She had paid well over 300,000 francs for the house and it needed extensive renovations. She spent a lot of money fixing it. Malmaison would bring great happiness to the Bonapartes. Joséphine's daughter, Hortense would call it "a delicious spot".

Joséphine worked hard to transform the large estate into "the most beautiful and curious garden in Europe. She wanted it to be a model of good cultivation". She located rare and exotic plants and animals to enhance the gardens. Joséphine wrote: "I wish that Malmaison may soon become the source of riches for all [of France]"... *, a Jacques-Louis David painting from the Malmaison collection.]]

In 1800, Joséphine built a heated orangery large enough for 300 pineapple plants. Five years later she ordered the building of a greenhouse. It was heated by a dozen coal-burning stoves. From 1803 until her death in 1814 she cultivated nearly 200 new plants in France for the first time.

The property became famous for its rose garden. Empress Joséphine had the Belgian artist Pierre-Joseph Redouté (1759–1840) record her roses (and lilies). Prints of these works sell quite well, even today. She created an extensive collection of rose. She gathered plants from her native Martinique and from other places around the world. She grew some 250 varieties of roses. From the foreword to *Jardin de la Malmaison* (1803):

:*You have gathered around you the rarest plants growing on French soil....as we inspect them in the beautiful gardens of Malmaison, an impressive reminder of the conquests of your illustrious husband...*

Birds and animals of all sorts began to fill her garden. They were allowed to roam free among the grounds. At the height of her days at Malmaison, Joséphine had the company of kangaroos, emus, black swans, zebras, sheep, gazelles, ostriches, chamois, a seal, antelopes and llamas to name a few. Some were from the Baudin expedition.

After her divorce from Napoléon, Joséphine received Malmaison in her own right, along with a pension of 5&nbsp;million francs a year, and remained there until her death in 1814. After his defeat at the Battle of Waterloo in 1815 Napoléon returned to the house before his exile to the island of Saint Helena.

In 1842 Malmaison was purchased by Maria Christina, widow of King Ferdinand VII of Spain; she lived there with her second husband Agustín Fernando Muñoz, 1st Duke of Riánsares. In 1861 Maria Christina sold the property to Napoleon III.

Malmaison has been restored by the French famous architect Pierre Humbert in the early 20th century.

## Present times
The public can visit the manor house as a Napoleonic *musée national*. The museum lies on RN 13 (*route nationale'' 13) from Paris and bus 258 from RER A "Grande Arche" station.

## Gallery 
### Exterior 

Image:Château de Malmaison à Rueil-Malmaison 001.jpg|View of the southwest facade of the Manor House
Image:Château de Malmaison à Rueil-Malmaison 002.jpg|Main entrance in the Manor House
|The Manor house seen by the cedar of Marengo (southwest facade)
Image:Pavillon Osiris Rueil Malmaison.jpg|Pavillon Osiris in the Garden of Malmaison
Image:Château de Malmaison à Rueil-Malmaison 003.jpg|View of the main entrance and the main facade (northeast)

### Interior 

File:Malmaison chambre Joséphine.jpg|Chamber of Napoléon
File:Château de Malmaison - Salle de billard 001.jpg|Billiard room
File:Château Malmaison salon musique.jpg|Music room
File:Château Malmaison service Joséphine.jpg|Joséphine's service - Sèvres porcelain

Image:Château de Malmaison - Bibliothèque 001.jpg|Library created in 1800 by Charles Percier and Pierre-François-Léonard Fontaine
Image:Château de Malmaison - Bibliothèque 003.jpg|Furniture in mahogany is the creation of the brothers Jacob-Desmalter
Image:Château de Malmaison - Bibliothèque 002.jpg|At the bottom the celestial globe of Nicolas Constant Lemaire dating the 1788

Image:Château de Malmaison - Appartement de Joséphine 003.jpg|Simply decorated anteroom
Image:Château de Malmaison - Appartement de Joséphine 001.jpg|Luxurious chamber of Joséphine de Beauharnais with the bed of origin
Image:Château de Malmaison - Appartement de Joséphine 002.jpg|The wall decoration and the furniture were restored by Napoleon III in 1865
Image:Château de Malmaison - Appartement de Joséphine 004.jpg|Common Chamber in Joséphine's apartment
Image:Château de Malmaison - Appartement de Joséphine 005.jpg|Bed in the Joséphine's common chamber
Image:Château de Malmaison - Appartement de Joséphine 006.jpg|Bathroom in Joséphine's apartment

Image:Château de Malmaison - Salle à manger 002.jpg|Decoration designed by Charles Percier and Pierre-François-Léonard Fontaine
Image:Château de Malmaison - Salle à manger 001.jpg|Murals paintings of Louis Lafitte (1800) represent six pompéiennes dancers
Image:Château Malmaison salle à manger.jpg|Dining room

## Other websites
*Official site  
*"Josephine's garden", Orient Express Magazine, Vol. 19, No. 1, by HRH Princess Michael of Kent .