open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Kostroma

**Kostroma** () is a historic city and the administrative center (capital city) of Kostroma Oblast, Russia. It is a part of the Golden Ring of Russian towns. It is located at the confluence of the rivers Volga and Kostroma. Population: 

## Climate 
Kostroma has a cool continental climate (Köppen *Dfb*). It has chilly winters and warm summers.

## Notable people 
* Olesya Barel (born 1960), basketball player
* Nina Demme (1902-1977), polar explorer and biologist
* Aleksandra Ishimova (1805–1881), translator and author of children's books
* Roman Kopin (born 1974), Governor of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug
* Aleksey Pisemsky (1821–1881), novelist and dramatist
* The Lubavitcher Rebbe, Rabbi Yosef Yitzchak Shneersohn was exiled to Kostroma by the USSR in 1927 for 3 years, and was released after 9 days

## Twin towns – sister cities 
Kostroma is twinned with:

* Aachen, Germany
* Babruysk, Belarus
* Bari, Italy
* Bat Yam, Israel
* Cetinje, Montenegro
* Ceadîr-Lunga, Moldavia
* Danilov, Russia
* Dole, France
*Hyvinkää, Finland
* Ijevan, Armenia
* Ochamchira, Georgia
* Oral, Kazakhstan
* Piotrków Trybunalski, Poland

* Samokov, Bulgaria
* Sanmenxia, China
* Soroca, Moldavia
* Vrbas, Serbia

Because of the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, Durham County council stopped plans for twinning with Kostroma.

## References 

## Other websites 
* Official website of Kostroma 
* Unofficial website of Kostroma  
* History and sights of Kostroma 
* Current time in Kostroma 
* Kostroma city beautiful architecture views
* Local history website. K. Torop. Kostroma
Asimina triloba

***Asimina triloba***, the **American papaw**, **pawpaw**, **paw paw**, or **paw-paw**, and many other regional names, is a small deciduous tree. It is native to the eastern United States and Canada. The tree grows a large, yellowish-green to brown fruit. *Asimina* is the only temperate genus in the tropical and subtropical flowering plant family Annonaceae. *Asimina triloba* has the most northern range of these. Well-known tropical fruits in family Annonaceae include the custard-apple, cherimoya, sweetsop, ylang-ylang, and soursop.

The pawpaw is a patch-forming (clonal) underbrush tree of hardwood forests. It is found in fertile bottomland and hilly upland habitats. The tree has large, simple leaves. They are more characteristic of plants in tropical rainforests than within the temperate range of this species. Pawpaw fruits are the largest edible fruit indigenous to the United States 

Pawpaw fruits are sweet. They have a custard-like texture. The flavor of the fruit is similar to banana, mango, and pineapple. They are commonly eaten raw. They are also used to make ice cream and baked desserts. The bark, leaves, and seeds contain the insecticidal neurotoxin annonacin.

## References
DeWitt Clinton High School

**Dewitt Clinton High School** is an all boys public school founded in New York city, since 1929.
## References
### Bibliography
* Kelley, Frank Bergen, ed. *The DeWitt Clinton Book*, New York: Clinton Memorabilia Society, 1906.
Balashikha

**Balashikha** () is a city in Moscow Oblast, Russia. It is on the Pekhorka River  east of the Moscow Ring Road.

## Name origin 
In Finno-Ugric languages, *Bala-shika* means *land of celebrations, land of laughter and fun.* Finnic peoples lived in this area before Slavs.

## Geography 
The city is known for its unique river and waterway system. The Pekhorka River system covers an area of  from north to south and  from east to west. Many small lakes and ponds were created by damming to provide water power for the cotton mills in the 19th century.

## History 
Balashikha was  in 1830. It was given town status in 1939.

The city is on the famous Vladimir Highway. This was the route that convicted criminals were forced to take to get to labor camps in Siberia.

## Military 
Balashikha is the site of a large Russian Army base. It was closed to foreigners during the Soviet era. It was the headquarters of the 1st Corps of the Soviet Air Defense Forces and is now to become the headquarters of the Operational-Strategic Command for Missile-Space Defense. Balashikha is also a base for ODON (Internal security division). Balashikha is home to Military Unit 35690, which is a training facility used by the Federal Security Service.

## Notable people 
* Yuri Lyapkin (born 1945), ice hockey player
* Nikolay Baskov, tenor singer
* Dmitry Klokov, Honored Master of Sports in weightlifting
* Andrey Kuznetsov, tennis player
* Artyom Avanesyan, Armenian footballer

## Twin towns – sister cities 
Balashikha is twinned with:

*  Martin, Slovakia
*  Pernik, Bulgaria
*  Yangzhou, China

## References 
## Other websites 
* Official website of Balashikha  
* Directory of organizations in Balashikha
Pancasila (politics)

Pancasila refers to the five main ideas or beliefs that Indonesia's founding father Sukarno (among others) announced would help guide Indonesia as an independent country. The five main beliefs were:

# *Ketuhanan yang Maha Esa* (Belief in the one and only God)
# *Kemanusiaan yang adil dan beradab* (Just and civilized humanity)
# *Persatuan Indonesia* (The unity of Indonesia)
# *Kerakyatan yang dipimpin oleh hikmat kebijaksanaan dalam permusyawaratan/perwakilan* (Democracy guided by the inner wisdom in the unanimity arising out of deliberations among representatives)
# *Keadilan sosial bagi seluruh rakyat Indonesia* (Social justice for all the people of Indonesia)

Pancasila first arose in the mid-20th century, and even though the five beliefs were very different, they were modeled off of the five pillars of Islam. It was largely influenced by the reactionary backlash to Dutch colonialism of the 20th century - and largely contributed to the 1945-1949 revolution.

The word Pancasila is made up of two Sanskrit words "panca" (which means five) and "sila" (which means idea or concept).
Surgut

**Surgut** (; Khanty: Сәрханӆ, *Sarkhanl*) is the largest city in Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug, Russia. It is on the Ob River near its junction with the Irtysh River. Population: 396,443 (2021 Census); 

## History 
The city was founded in 1594 by order of Tsar Feodor I. For many centuries it was a fortress and center of Russian  in Siberia. 

It became a major center of oil and gas  in the 1960s. This made the population of the city go up. 

Surgut is home to the Surgut Bridge. This bridge is the longest one-tower cable-stayed bridge in the world.

## Economy 
Surgut is the largest port on the Ob River. It is also the largest roadway/railway junction in northwest Siberia. It has two of the world's most powerful power plants, the SDPP-1 (State District Power Plant 1) and SDPP-2 (State District Power Plant 2). These power plants make over 7,200 megawatts and give the region cheap electricity.

Surgut is also important in the oil and natural gas industries. 

### Transportation 
The city has the Surgut International Airport, which gives flights to Moscow, St.&nbsp;Petersburg, Dubai, Irkutsk, and many other cities.

Surgut also has many trains that go to the east (in Novy Urengoy, Nizhnevartovsk), and to the south-west (in Tyumen, Moscow, Novosibirsk, Ufa, Chelyabinsk, Yekaterinburg).

## Climate 
Surgut has a continental subarctic climate (Köppen climate classification *Dfc*). It has long, cold winters and short, warm summers.

## Coat of arms 
The modern coat of arms of Surgut, featuring "in the golden field - a black fox with a silver tail end, walking along the azure land", was approved on November 20, 2003 by the city duma on November 4, 2003.

## Twin towns – sister cities 
 that points to Surgut]]

Surgut is twinned with:

*  Chaoyang, China
*  Katerini, Greece
*  Zalaegerszeg, Hungary

## Notable people 
* Igor Bobkov (born 1991), ice hockey goaltender
* Miroslava Duma (born 1985)
* Isolda Dychauk (born 1993), actress
* Anastasiia Gontar (born 2001), paralympic swimmer
* Pavel Ivashko (born 1994), sprinter
* Ksenia Klimenko (born 2003), artistic gymnast
* Andrei Kolegayev (1887–1937), Left Socialist-Revolutionary, Soviet politician
* Aleksandr Kolomeytsev (born 1989), football player
* Yelena Terleyeva (born 1985), pop singer

## Gallery 
## References 
## Other websites 
* Official website of Surgut 
*  Informational website of Surgut
The Rhydd

**The Rhydd** is a big old house in Worcestershire, England.  It is in a park with trees and it is on a hill over the River Severn.  The gardens are closed most days and people cannot see them.

## History
The name *Rhydd* may have come from the colour *red* of the earth nearby where people went from one side of the River Severn to the other.

The house was built about 1800. There were trees near the house. People liked the views from the house very much.

Sir Anthony Lechmere (b. 1766) built and lived at *The Rhydd*.

The architects of *The Rhydd* were Richard Norman Shaw, David Brandon, and Charles Francis Hansom.

## References
## Further Reading
*
Bryansk

**Bryansk** () is a city and the administrative center (capital city) of Bryansk Oblast, Russia. It is on the River Desna,  southwest of Moscow. Population: 

## Economy 
Bryansk is an important center for steel and machinery manufacturing. It is home to many large factories. The main industries of Bryansk include machine building, metalworking, chemical, electrical equipment, electronics, wood, textiles, food, locomotives, diesel engines, freight cars, motor graders, pavers and other road equipment, agricultural (farming) equipment, construction materials, and garments (clothing).

## Climate 
Bryansk has a humid continental climate (Köppen climate classification *Dfb*).

## Twin towns – sister cities 
Bryansk is twinned with:

* Severodvinsk, Russia
* Oryol, Russia
* Omsk, Russia
* Izhevsk, Russia
* Grozny, Russia
* Penza, Russia
* Kaluga, Russia
* Gomel, Belarus
* Mogilev, Belarus
* Minsk, Belarus
* Bogatić, Serbia
* Karlovo, Bulgaria
* Dupnitsa, Bulgaria
* Győr, Hungary
* Akmenė, Lithuania
* Auce, Latvia
* Soroca, Moldova
* Comrat, Moldova
*

* (Until 2022)  Konin, Poland - On March 4, 2022, because of the Russian invasion of Ukraine, Konin broke the agreement.

## References 

## Other websites 
* Official website of Bryansk City Administration 
* Bryansk Business Directory 
* Official website of the Bryansk Council of People's Deputies 
* Educational portal of Bryansk 
* The murder of the Jews of Bryansk  during World War II, at Yad Vashem website.
Marl (disambiguation)

**Marl** is type of calcium carbonate or lime-rich sedimentary rock.

**Marl** may also refer to:

## People 
* Marl Young (1917–2009), American musician and arranger
* Marley Marl (born 1962), a hip hop record producer

## Places 
### Europe 
* Marl, North Rhine-Westphalia, a city in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
** Marl Chemical Park, large chemical works in Marl, Germany
** Marl-Hamm station, railway station in Marl
** Marl Mitte station, railway station in Marl
** Marl-Sinsen station, railway station in Marl
* Marl, Lower Saxony, a municipality in Lower Saxony, Germany
* Marl (Conwy electoral ward), in North Wales, United Kingdom

### North America 
* Marl Creek Provincial Park, British Columbia, Canada
* Marl Hill, an historic building in Virginia
* Marl Lake, a small lake in Michigan
* Marl Mountains, Mojave National Preserve, California

## Science 
* Marl, another name for the western barred bandicoot
* Marl Formation, geologic formation in France
* Marl prairie, a type of wetland found in the Everglades, Florida
* Marl Slate Formation, a geologic formation in England
* Multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL), a sub-field in machine learning

## Other uses 
* Marl Kingdom, a series of video games by Nippon-Ichi
* Marl yarn is made from strands of different-colored yarn twisted together
* USS *Marl* (IX-160), a barge of the United States Navy
Vladimir, Russia

**Vladimir** () is a city and the administrative center (capital city) of Vladimir Oblast, Russia. It is on the Klyazma River,  east of Moscow. It has a railway and the M7 motorway. Its population is 

## Economy and military 
Vladimir is home to many electrical and chemical factories, several food processing plants and two large thermal power stations.

The headquarters of the 27th Guards Rocket Army of the Strategic Missile Troops is in the city. During the Cold War, Vladimir was host to the Dobrynskoye air force base.

## Twin towns – sister cities 
Vladimir is twinned with:
* Anghiari, Italy
* Antalya, Turkey
* Babruysk, Belarus
* Baoji, China
* Bloomington, United States
* Bukhara, Uzbekistan
* Campobasso, Italy
* Canterbury, England, United Kingdom
* Chongqing, China
* Erlangen, Germany
* Gagra, Georgia
* Haikou, China
* Kardzhali, Bulgaria
* Karlovo, Bulgaria
* Kerava, Finland
* Khujand, Tajikistan
* Leninsky (Minsk), Belarus
* Normal, United States
* Saintes, France
* Sarasota, United States
* Skive, Denmark
* Vawkavysk, Belarus

; Former twin towns, removed in 2022 due to the Russian invasion of Ukraine

*  Jelenia Góra, Poland
*  Ústí nad Labem, Czech Republic

## References 

## Other websites 
* Tourism portal of the Vladimir region, Russia
* Official website of Vladimir  
* 
* Tourist information on Vladimir 
* The American Home in Vladimir
Kartik Aaryan

**Kartik Aaryan** is an Indian actor who primarily appears in Hindi films. His career has steadily been on the upward trajectory ever since his debut in a lead role in the romantic comedy *Pyaar Ka Punchnama* (2011), which film was a major commercial success; and for which he earned a Producers Guild Film Awards nomination for Best Male Debut. He has since been seen in lead roles in successful films such as Sonu Ke Titu Ki Sweety (2018), Luka Chuppi (2019), Bhool Bhulaiyaa 2 (2022) etc.
Corrosion of Conformity

**Corrosion of Conformity** (sometimes called **COC**) is an American heavy metal band. The band was made in Raleigh, North Carolina, in 1982. The band has made ten albums and four extended plays.

## References
Tom Morello

**Thomas Morello**, known professionally as **Tom Morello** (born May 30, 1964) is an American musician and activist who is known for playing guitar for Rage Against the Machine and Audioslave. Morello has also been in other bands, including the Street Sweeper Social Club and Prophets of Rage. He also makes music by himself as the Nightwatchman.

Morello is most known for his unique style of playing electric guitar. He uses pedal effects and different types of strumming to make new sounds. Morello is also known for his political activism and left-leaning opinions. While in Rage Against the Machine, he has said he is a socialist. He has also supported many left-wing indigenous groups in Central America, such as the EZLN and Shining Path.

He also makes guest appearances starting from Run-DMC's 1993 album Down with the King.

## References
2022 Quebec general election

The **2022 Quebec general election** was held on October 3. François Legault's Coalition Avenir Québec won a majority of seats and Dominique Anglade's Quebec Liberal Party formed the opposition.
## References
Vladimir

**Vladimir** may refer to:

## Places
* Vladimir, Russia, a city in Russia
* Vladimir, a village in Goiești Commune, Dolj County, Romania

## Musicians
* Vladimir Ashkenazy (1937–), a Russian-Icelandic pianist and conductor
* Vladimir Horowitz (d. 1989), a Russian American pianist and minor composer
*Vladimir Vysotsky (d. 1980), Soviet-Russian singer, songwriter, poet, and actor

## Political and military leaders
* Vladimir Lenin (1870–1924), pseudonym of Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov, leader of the Bolshevik Revolution and first leader of the Soviet Union
* Vladimir Putin (b. 1952), president of the Russia (elected again in 2024)

## Athletes
* Vladimir Guerrero (b. 1976), a baseball player
* Oleg Prudius (a.k.a. Vladimir Kozlov) (b. 1972), an Ukrainian professional wrestler

## Fictional characters
* Vladimir, a character from *My Life as a Teenage Robot*
* Vladimir "Uncle Vlad" Glebov, character from *GTA IV*
* Vladimir Makarov, character from *Call of Duty*

## Actors, writers, poets
* Vladimir Vladimirovich Nabokov (1899–1977), a multilingual Russian novelist
Ride the Night Away

"**Ride the Night Away**" is a 1986 song by Australian singer Jimmy Barnes and is the third and final single from his second studio album *For the Working Class Man*. It went to number 39 in the Australia.

## Track listing
**7" Single (K 9931)**
*Side A "Ride the Night Away" - 4:20
*Side B "Paradise" (Remixed Version) - 3:04
Sara Ali Khan

**Sara Ali Khan** is an Indian actress who mainly works in Hindi films. Born into Saif Ali Khan and his first wife Amrita Singh's family, she began her career in 2018 with the romantic drama *Kedarnath* (2016) and the action comedy *Simmba* (2018), which were commercially successful and the former earned her the Filmfare Award for Best Female Debut.
For Those About To Rock (We Salute You)

**"For Those About To Rock (We Salute You)"** is a 1982 song by Australian hard rock band AC/DC and taken from their eighth studio album *For Those About to Rock We Salute You*. It went to number 15 in the United Kingdom.
Vijay Deverakonda

**Deverakonda Vijay Sai** (born 9 May 1989), mainly known as **Vijay Deverakonda**, is an Indian actor and film producer, who primarily appears in Telugu cinema. He debuted in cinema with a central role in the 2011 romantic comedy *Nuvvila*, established himself as a leading film actor with the *Pelli Choopulu* (2016) and *Arjun Reddy* (2017), and gained further success by starring in *Mahanati* (2018), *Geetha Govindam* (2018), and *Taxiwaala* (2018).
Beverley Naidoo

Beverly Naidoo is a South African author who lives in UK.
## Works
*''Journey to Jo'burg* (1985)
**Chain of Fire* (1989), sequel to *Journey to Jo'burg*
**Through Whose Eye? Exploring Racism: reader, text and context* (1992), nonfiction
**No Turning Back* (1995)
**The Great Tug of War and other stories* (2001), retellings
**Out of Bounds: Stories of Conflict and Hope* (2003)
**Web of Lies* (2004), sequel to *The Other Side of Truth*
**Burn My Heart* (2007)
**Call of the Deep* (2008), retellings
**Death of an Idealist* (2012)

;Picture books
**Letang and Julie Save the Day* (1994)
**Letang's New Friend* (1994)
**Trouble for Letang and Julie* (1994)
**Where Is Zami?* (1998)
**Baba's Gift* (2004), by Beverley and Maya Naidoo
**S Is for South Africa*
**Aesop's Fables'', a retelling with illustrations by Piet Grobler
Rhythm of My Heart

"**Rhythm of My Heart**" is a song written by Marc Jordan and John Capek. The song first appeared on Dutch rock and roll artist René Shuman’s debut album, *René Shuman* (1986). In 1991, British singer Rod Stewart recorded the song for his album *Vagabond Heart* with production by Trevor Horn. It is the album's opening track. The song was also released as its first single on 4 March 1991.

Stewart's version reached number 3 on the UK Singles Chart, number 5 on the US *Billboard* Hot 100, and number 1 on  both the Canadian and Irish charts. The melody is adaptation from "Loch Lomond". 

## Track listings
## Charts
### Weekly charts
### Year-end charts
## Certifications
## In popular culture
Stewart's version of the song was used during the closing credits of the 1996 family movie *Loch Ness*. The single was also played during the bar scenes in the 2000 movie *The Perfect Storm*. 

## References
Empire of the Clouds

**"Empire of the Clouds"** is a 2016 song by English heavy metal band Iron Maiden and taken from their 16th studio album *The Book of Souls*. Clocking in at 18 minutes long it is Iron Maiden longest song ever. It is based on the 1930 British R101 airship that crashed in Northern France during its maiden voyage.

## Track listing
Landover Hills, Maryland

**Landover Hills** is a town in Prince George's County, Maryland, United States.

## Education 
Landover Hills is home to two private schools St Mary's Catholic School and New Hope Academy. St Mary's opened in 1954 initially offering only the 1st and 2nd grades. By 1961 all 8 grades were accounted for and enrollment grew to 1,126 students.

## References
The Way You Make Me Feel (Ronan Keating song)

"**The Way You Make Me Feel**" is a 2000 song by Irish singer-songwriter Ronan Keating and taken from his debut studio album *Ronan*. It went to number 6 in the United Kingdom and number 8 in Ireland and New Zealand.

## References
Bidya Sundar Shakya

**Bidya Sundar Shakya** () is a Nepalese politician. He was the 14th Mayor of Kathmandu Metropolitan City. Shakya also served as Chairman of Ward No. 21 for two terms. He is the Province Committee Member of CPN UML Bagmati Province Committee.
Scleromochlus

NHMUK R3556 Scleromochlus]]

***Scleromochlus*** is an extinct genus of small archosaur types from the Upper Triassic period. 

The genus contains the type and only species ***Scleromochlus taylori***. It was named by Arthur Smith Woodward in 1907.

A 2022 tomographic scan of seven specimens suggests its true position was in the Pterosauromorpha, that is, it was a pterosaur relation.  

## References
Nizhny Tagil

**Nizhny Tagil** () is a city in Sverdlovsk Oblast, Russia. It is  east of the boundary between Asia and Europe. Population: 

## Economy 
Nizhny Tagil has been a major center for iron and steel production for centuries. It is known for its role in making Soviet tanks. They were built in the factory Uralvagonzavod. These tanks include the T-34. Nearly every T-34 was built in Nizhny Tagil.

Today, Uralvagonzavod is the largest main battle tank maker in the world. The T-72, T-90, and T-14 are produced there.

### Military 
The 42nd Rocket Division of Strategic Rocket Forces is based in Nizhny Tagil.

## Twin towns – sister cities 
Nizhny Tagil is twinned with:

* Brest, Belarus
* Chattanooga, United States
* Františkovy Lázně, Czech Republic
* Novokuznetsk, Russia
* Yevpatoria, Ukraine

Former twin towns:

*  Kryvyi Rih, Ukraine
*  Cheb, Czech Republic
*  Mariánské Lázně, Czech Republic

In 2022 the Czech cities of Cheb and Mariánské Lázně severed its ties with Nizhny Tagil because of the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine.

## Related articles 
* The Nizhny Tagil Museum of Regional History

## References 

## Other websites 
* Official website of Nizhny Tagil 
* Information and entertainment portal of Nizhny Tagil  
* Official website of *Evraz Group*, owner of *Nizhnetagilsky Metallurgichesky Kombinat* (*NTMK*) 
* Official website of Russian Defense Expo-2005 
* Recreation and entertainment in Nizhny Tagil 
* Portal of Nizhny Tagil 
* Photos of Nizhny Tagil
Sunita Dangol

Sunita Dangol () is a Nepalese politician, Newa heritage conservationist, language activist, and media professional. She is currently the deputy mayor of Kathmandu metropolitan city, the capital city of Nepal. She assumed office on 30 May 2022, alongside mayor Balen Shah.

## References
Britainy Beshear

**Britainy Colman Beshear** (born July 11, 1979) is an American social worker serving as the first lady of Kentucky since 2019 as the wife of Governor Andy Beshear. She advocates to help children, combat human trafficking, and support victims of domestic violence.

## Biography 
### Life and career 
Beshear was born Britainy Colman in Rancho Palos Verdes, California, to Allan and Robin Colman. She is a social worker and was a volunteer at her children's school and Family Scholar House. In 2016, Beshear and her husband founded the Hope Gallery art exhibit that features works by youth assisted by Family Scholar House. From 2013 to 2019, she served on the board of directors of Maryhurst, an organization that provides social services.

Beshear married Andy Beshear on April  13, 2006. They have a son and a daughter. She is a deacon at Beargrass Christian, a Disciples of Christ church in St. Matthews, Kentucky. 

In January 2021, Beshear issued a statement against political divisiveness and called for unity in the state. That year, she started a toy drive which collected over 20,000 toys for families impacted by the 2021 Western Kentucky tornado. She did a drive in 2022 for children impacted by the July–August 2022 United States floods.

In support of victims of domestic violence, Beshear works with the Shop and Share program started by former first lady Jane Beshear. Beshear is a member of the National Coalition for the Prevention of Human Sex Trafficking. Before the 2023 Kentucky Derby, she spoke to raise awareness of human trafficking.

## References
Nadir crater

The **Nadir crater** is an undersea feature on the Guinea Plateau in the Atlantic Ocean. It is  off the coast of Guinea. 

It is thought to be an impact crater. The feature is around 8.5-km-wide. The paper announcing the discovery of the feature was published in *Science Advances* in 2022. 

It has been suggested that the structure should be drilled to confirm or disprove the impact origin.

## References
Anastomosis

'' leaf showing anastomoses of veins]]
An **anastomosis** is a surgical connection between two structures. It usually means a connection that is created between tubular structures, such as blood vessels or loops of intestine. For example, when part of an intestine is surgically removed, the two remaining ends are sewn or stapled together (anastomosed).

The term is used in medicine, biology, mycology, geology, and geography.

## References
Joan Hotchkis

**Joan Hotchkis** (September 21, 1927 – September 27, 2022) was an American stage, screen and television actor, writer and performance artist. 

She was a lifetime member of the Actors Studio and the Dramatists Guild. Hotchkis played Dr. Nancy Cunningham for several seasons on *The Odd Couple.* She co-wrote with Eric Morris the acting manual "No Acting Please" (1977), which is still used in colleges and conservatories. She also created performance art works in the 1990s. 

She died on September 27, 2022, six days after her 95th birthday.
## References
Alapayevsk

**Alapayevsk** () is a town in Sverdlovsk Oblast, Russia. It is at the confluence of the Neyva and Alapaikha rivers. Population:  44,263 (2002 census); 50,060 (1989 census).

## History 
The town was founded in 1781. 

### Murder of Russian Imperial family members 
On July 18, 1918, the day after the shooting of the last tsar Nicholas II and his family, other members of the Romanov family were thrown down a mineshaft near Alapayevsk by the Bolsheviks. 

## References 

## Other websites 
* Official website of Alapayevsk  
* Directory of organizations in Alapayevsk
Derek Redmond

**Derek Anthony Redmond** (born 3 September 1965) is a former British sprinter. During his career, he held the record for the 400 metres sprint. He won gold medals in the 4x400 metres relay at the World Championships and European Championships.

In August 2014, Redmond was one of two hundred public figures who were signatories to a letter to *The Guardian.* It opposed Scottish independence in the run-up to September's referendum on that issue.

Redmond previously served as Director of Development for sprints and hurdles for UK Athletics.

In 2015, Redmond joined psychometric assessment provider Thomas International as their Group Performance Director.

## References 
## Other websites 
* 
* 
*
Harry Kamphuis

**Harry Kamphuis** (9 February 1943 – 1 August 2022) was a Dutch politician and member of the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy.

Kamphuis was the son of insurance agent Gerrit Hendrik Kamphuis and Aaltje Bosch who lived in Stadterij. He studied law at University of Groningen. Kamphuis was mayor of Bloemendaal between 1990 and 1997 and afterwards mayor of Amstelveen between 1997 and 2005. In 2000 he organized in his municipality the annual Association of Netherlands Municipalities. Kampuis was known for his somewhat aristocratic appearance, he regularly talked with the people of Amstelveen.

Kamphuis died in Amstelveen on 1 August 2022, aged 79.

## References
Cor Hildebrand

**Cor Hildebrand** (13 September 1951 – 16 August 2022) was a Dutch footballer.

Hildebrand started playing with VV DOS and played 16 matches in the 1969–70 season. The club merged into FC Utrecht the next season. He played eight seasons for FC Utrecht at the highest level playing 174 matches. In between, he played one season on loan for FC Wageningen (1976–77) in the first division. He retired after the 1978–79 season.

Hildebrand died in Utrecht on 16 August 2022, aged 70.

## References
Bruno Walrave

**Bruno Walrave** (22 August 1939 – 18 August 2022) was a Dutch cycling pacemaker.

Walrave has been credited as "the greatest pacemaker of all time". In his 53-year career, Walrave became 15 times world champion and six times European champion. With the 15 world titles as a stayer, he became the most successful pacemaker in the world. He won the world titles with among others Gaby Minneboo, Bert Boom, Jan de Nijs, Cees Stam and René Kos. Walrave retired his cycling career after the 2008-09 cycling season. He held positions at various national and international sports federations, including the Dutch cycling federation KNWU and the world cycling federation Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI).

Walrave died in Loenen aan de Vecht on 18 August 2022, aged 82.

## References
Tini van Reeken

**Tini van Reeken** (21 September 1938 – 12 August 2022) was a Dutch footballer who played as a attacker.

Van Reeken played most of his football career with NEC Nijmegen. Between 1957 and 1969 he played for the team a total of 307 official matches scoring 107 goals. With 107 goals he is on the second place of the club's all-time top scorers list, after Frans Janssen.

Van Reeken died in Berg en Dal on 12 August 2022, aged 83.

## References
Slow Rivers

"**Slow Rivers**" is a duet by Elton John and Cliff Richard and taken from his 20th studio album *Leather Jackets*. It went to number 44 in the United Kingdom and was a bigger hit in Belgium where it to number 24 in Belgium and number 25 in Ireland.

## Track listings
**UK 7" single**
#"Slow Rivers" – 3:08
#"Billy and the Kids" – 4:22

**UK 12" single**
#"Slow Rivers" – 3:08
#"Billy and the Kids" – 4:22
#"Lord of the Flies" – 4:30
Liesbeth Brandt Corstius

**Liesbeth Brandt Corstius** (8 November 1940 – 12 August 2022) was a Dutch art historian, feminist and museum director.

Brandt Corstius became director of the Museum Arnhem. From the year of her appointment she changed the policy of reserving at least half of the purchases and presentations for female artists. On 8 March 1994, Brandt Corstius received the  (Aletta Jacobs prize) for her commitment to female artists. From 1996 she was involved in the expansion of the museum that was opened in 2000.

Brandt Corstius died in Arnhem on 12 August 2022, aged 81.

## References
Fascination Street

"**Fascination Street**" is a North American only song by English gothic rock band The Cure. It was released on 18 April 1989. It is from their eighth studio album *Disintegration*.

## References
Volzhsky, Volgograd Oblast

**Volzhsky** () is an industrial town in Volgograd Oblast, Russia. It is on the east bank of the Volga River and its distributary the Akhtuba. It is  northeast of Volgograd. Population: 313,034 (2025 estimate).

## History 
Volzhsky was founded in 1951. It had around 10,000 people at the time. It was given city status in 1954. The main reason for its large growth was the making of the Volga Hydroelectric Station.

## Twin towns – sister cities 
Volzhsky is twinned with:

*  Cleveland Heights, United States
*  Mönchengladbach, Germany
*  Collegno, Italy
*  Lianyungang, China
*  Shaker Heights, United States

## References
Oryol (disambiguation)

**Oryol** is a city in Russia.

**Oryol** may also refer to:

## Places 
* Oryol Oblast, a federal subject of Russia, of which Oryol is the capital
* Oryol Governorate, an administrative unit of the Russian Empire from 1796 to 1928
** Oryol electoral district (Russian Constituent Assembly election, 1917), covering the governorate
* Oryol, Vologda Oblast, Russia, a village

## Technology 
* Oryol, a military radar set featured on Sukhoi Su-11 and Sukhoi Su-15 airplanes, among others
* Oryol or Orel (spacecraft), a project to develop a partially reusable crewed spacecraft
* Oryol, code name for a release of Astra Linux, a Russian Linux-based computer operating system]
## Other uses 
* Oryol State University, in the city of Oryol
* FC Oryol, a football club based in the city of Oryol
* Russian ship *Oryol*, various Imperial Russian Navy ships
2014 Quebec general election

The **2014 Quebec general election** was held on April 7. Philippe Couillard's Quebec Liberal Party won a majority of seats and Pauline Marois' Parti Québécois formed the opposition.

## References
Me Wise Magic

"**Me Wise Magic**" is a 1996 song by hard rock band Van Halen and appears on the 1996 compilation album *Best Of – Volume I*. It was one of the two tracks released from the album.
Oryol

**Oryol** or **Orel** (, lit. *eagle*), also known as **Oriol**, is the largest city in and the administrative center of Oryol Oblast. It is on the Oka River, around  south-southwest of Moscow. It is part of the Central Federal District and the Central Economic Region.

## History 
Oryol was a fortress town in Russia for several centuries. It was looted by Polish forces in 1611 and 1615. It was rebuilt in 1636. The fortress was taken apart in the 18th century.

During WW2, the city was almost fully destroyed during Operation Kutuzov.

## Geography 
Oryol is on the banks of the Oka River and its tributary the Orlik river. It is in the Central Russian Upland of the East European Plain. 

### Climate 
Oryol has a humid continental climate (Köppen climate classification *Dfb*). It has cold winters and warm summers.

## Demographics 
According to the Federal State Statistics Service, in January 2020 the number of residents came to 308 838. It is the 66th place among 1117 cities of Russia for 2019.

Largest ethnic groups in 2010:

* Russians (96,8%)
* Ukrainians (1,1%)
* Armenians (0,4%)
* Belarusians (0,3%)
* Azerbaijanis (0,2%)
* Tatars (0,1%)
* Jews (0,1%)

## International relations 
### Twin towns – sister cities 
Oryol is twinned with:

* Razgrad, Bulgaria (1968)
* Offenbach am Main, Germany (1988)
* Leeuwarden, The Netherlands (1990-2002)
* Zhodzina, Belarus (2016)
*  Mary, Turkmenistan (2017)

### Partner cities 
* Kaluga, Russia (2003)
* Kolpino, Russia (2010)
* Kolpinsky District, Russia (2010)
* Novosibirsk, Russia (2014)
* Volokolamsky District, Russia (2014)
* Novi Sad, Serbia (2017)
* Maribor, Slovenia (2017)
* Penza, Russia (2018)

## References 

## Other websites 
* 
* Official website of Oryol 
* Unofficial website of Oryol 
* The murder of the Jews of Oryol  during World War II, at Yad Vashem website.
Roque tree frog

The **roque tree frog** (*Hyloscirtus phyllognathus*) is a frog. It lives in Colombia and Peru on the Andes mountains.  Scientists have seen it as high as 2190 meters above sea level.

The adult male frog is about 31.5–34.0 mm long from nose to rear end and the adult female frog is 33.0–39.3 mm long.  The skin of the front part of the frog's body is olive in color.  The skin toward the back of the frog's body is the color of bronze.  The tops of the legs and feet are green.  There are small black spots on the front and middle of the body and on the legs. The edges of the mouth are yellow. There is some pinkish white color on the legs. The belly is yellow-white in color. The inside of the mouth is blue-green. The iris of the eye is bronze in color with black lines.

This frog moves at night.  It lives in mountain forests and hill forests.  It lives near streams.  The female frogs lay their eggs in streams during October.

## References
Ghezo

Ghezo was a king of the Dahomey in Benin in the 19th Century. After Ghezo’s father Agonglo died, Ghezo’s brother Adandozan became king. In 1818, Adandozan jailed Francisco Félix de Souza, a slave trader from Brazil, but de Souza escaped and made a deal with Ghezo to launch a coup d’état to force Adandozan to abdicate. Officially, Ghezo was regent for Adandozan’s son Dakpo but then in 1838, Ghezo declared his own son Glele heir apparent. Dakpo and Adandozan decided to fight Ghezo to change this and the fight started a fire which killed Dakpo making Ghezo official king of Dahomey.

## War with Oyo
An empire called the Oyo had had the Dahomey pay taxes to them every year since 1730. Then in 1823, Ghezo refused to pay the tax the Oyo wanted. When the Oyo sent an ambassador to Ghezo to change his mind, Ghezo killed him. The Oyo then went to war with Ghezo and the Kingdom of Dahomey. Ghezo defeated and killed the Oyo leader Ajanaku and won the war.

## Controversy over the Slave Trade 
After beating the Oyo, Ghezo created his own empire which was based on slavery. Ghezo had people captured and enslaved. To escape him, people ran away to the city of Abeokuta. Ghezo started to wage war against Abeokuta to get slaves. 

In 1849, Commander William Winniett, governor of the  Gold Coast, sent naval officer Frederick E. Forbes to Ghezo to convince King Ghezo to end the Atlantic slave trade. Instead, Ghezo proposed expanding the trade in palm oil which the slaves could produce in Africa rather than be exported across the Atlantic. He went back to attacking Abeokuta. After he lost in 1852, Ghezo decided to ban the slave trade but he went back to the wars against Abeokuta in 1858.

The effort of the British Empire  to end the slave trade made a major controversy. One faction known as the Fly faction said that the Dahomey should end the slave trade like the British wanted. King Ghezo and the Elephant faction said that they should keep the slave trade.  Ghezo wanted to continue to sell slaves to Francisco Félix de Souza. In 1852, Ghezo still signed a treaty with the British Empire to end the slave trade. But in 1857, Ghezo brought it back.

## Death
In 1859, Ghezo died, either of smallpox or because he was killed by his enemies and his son Glele replaced him as king.
William Winniett

Sir William Robert Wolseley Winniet was a British Governor who was born in Nova Scotia and died in Ghana. Winniet was known for his efforts to end the slave trade in West Africa.

## Early Life
Winniett was born in Nova Scotia in 1793. When he was 14 years old he joined the Royal Navy.  When he was 16 years old, he started to fight for the British Empire against the forces of Napoleon in the Caribbean. When Winniett was 21 he started to fight for the British Empire against the United States in the War of 1812 under the command of Sir Alexander Cochrane who offered to grant freedom to any slaves who were willing to fight for the British Empire against the United States in the War of 1812.  Winniett finished fighting under Cochrane’s command when he was 22.

When Winniett was 25 years old, he was sent to Africa to try to end the slave trade. 

## African Naval Career
Winniett was a commander in the British Royal Navy trying to end the slave trade in Africa. And he continued this until 1842. 

## Governorship
In 1845, Winniett was appointed Governor of the Gold Coast which is now Ghana. In 1847, Winniett went to what is now Benin to try to convince the people there to end the slave trade. In 1848, Winniett used the West India Regiment to overthrow a king named Kwaku Akka. Winniett then tried to convince King Ghezo of the Dahomey to stop the Dahomey slave trade and ban human sacrifice.  Winniett also bought the Dutch fortresses on the West African coast so that he could end the Dutch slave trade.

## Knighthood
In 1849, Winniett was knighted by Queen Victoria. 
## Death
Winniett died in Ghana in 1850.
2012 Quebec general election

The **2012 Quebec general election** was held on September 4. Pauline Marois' Parti Québécois won a minority of seats and Jean Charest's Quebec Liberal Party formed the opposition.

## Notes 
 Results change is compared to the Action démocratique du Québec in 2008.

## References
Power Rangers Cosmic Fury

***Power Rangers Cosmic Fury*** is the thirtieth and final season of the American Television series *Power Rangers*. Part of the franchise's 30th anniversary celebration, It aired from February 4 to September 29, 2023 with 20 episodes. It is based on the Super Sentai series, *Uchu Sentai Kyuranger*. It is a sequel to *Power Rangers Dino Fury*.

## Characters
### Rangers
* Russell Curry as Zayto, the Cosmic Fury Zenith Ranger.
* Hunter Deno as Amelia Jones, the Cosmic Fury Red Ranger.
* Kai Moya as Ollie Akana, the Cosmic Fury Blue Ranger.
* Tessa Rao as Izzy Garcia, the Cosmic Fury Green Ranger.
* Chance Perez as Javier Garcia, the Cosmic Fury Black Ranger.
* Jordon Fite as Aiyon, the Cosmic Fury Gold Ranger.
* Jacqueline Joe as Fern, the Cosmic Fury Orange Ranger.
* David Yost as Billy Cranston the Cosmic Fury Purple Ranger.
* Tracy Lynn Cruz as Ashley Hammond the Cosmic Fury Pink Ranger 
* Rhett Fisher as Ryan Michell the Cosmic Fury Cyan Ranger 
* Ryan Carter as Heckyl Cosmic Fury Silver Ranger.
* Kelson Henderson as Mick Kanic the Cosmic Fury Yellow Ranger.

## References
Too Late for Goodbyes

"**Too Late for Goodbyes**" is the debut (first) single by English singer Julian Lennon. The song was taken from his first studio album *Valotte*. It charted at number 5 in both Ireland and the United States. It also reached number 6 in both the United Kingdom and Canada. The song was a tribute to John Lennon, who was murdered in 1980.

## Track listing
;UK 7" single (Charisma JL1)
#"Too Late for Goodbyes" – 3:30
#"Well I Don't Know" – 4:35

;US 7" single (Atlantic 7-89589)
#"Too Late for Goodbyes" – 3:30
#"Let Me Be" – 2:12

;UK 12" single (Charisma JL112)
#"Too Late for Goodbyes" – 3:30
#"Big Mama" – 3:16 
#"Well I Don't Know" – 4:35

;US 12" single (Atlantic 0-86899)
#"Too Late for Goodbyes (Extended Special Mix)" – 5:55
#"Too Late for Goodbyes" – 3:30
#"Let Me Be" – 2:12

## References
Touch, Peel and Stand

"**Touch, Peel and Stand**" is a 1997 song by rock band Days of the New. It is the leading single from their first studio album *Days of the New*. It remains one of their most popular and well known songs.

## References
Throwing It All Away

"**Throwing It All Away**" is a 1986 song by Genesis and is the seventh track from their 13th studio album *Invisible Touch*.

## References
I'm No Hero

'''''I'm No Hero''''' is the 23rd studio album by English singer Cliff Richard and was released in September 1980. It went to number 4 in the United Kingdom.

## Track listing
Side One
# "Take Another Look"  (Alan Tarney)  4:11
# "Anything I Can Do" (Alan Tarney)  4:01
# "A Little in Love" (Alan Tarney)  3:42
# "Here (So Doggone Blue)" (Alan Tarney)  3:50
# "Give a Little Bit More" (Andy Hill, Jonathan Hodge)  3:35

Side Two
# "In the Night"  (Rod Bowkett)  3:48
# "I'm No Hero"  (Trevor Spencer, Alan Tarney)  3:25
# "Dreamin'"  (Leo Sayer, Alan Tarney)  3:40
# "A Heart Will Break" (Trevor Spencer, Alan Tarney)  3:59
# "Everyman" (Alan Tarney)  4:11

Bonus tracks (2001 re-issue):
# "Dynamite"  (Ian Ralph Samwell)  3:12
# "Keep on Looking" (Alan Tarney)  3:40
## References
Osvaldo Moles

**Osvaldo Moles** (March 14, 1913 – May 14, 1967) was a Brazilian journalist and radio personality with Italian ancestors. 
## Works
In 1937, with other journalists, Moles founded *PRG-2 Rádio Tupi* and worked also for *PRB-9 Rádio Record*.

He received many awards and was also a songwriter for Adoniran Barbosa.

In 1952 he was awarded with Prêmio Saci and received also a Trophy Roquette Pinto.

In 1962 he planned the political campaign to Laudo Natel.

## Death
Moles died in 1967 by suicide.

## Bibliography 
* MICHELETTI, B. D. . Piquenique classe C y Brás, Bexiga e Barra Funda : Osvaldo Moles como sucesor de António de Alcântara Machado. In: Edición a cargo de Fidel López Criado; CILEC. (Org.). LITERATURA, CINE Y PRENSA: EL CANON Y SU CIRCUNSTANCIA. 1ed.Santiago de Compostela: Andavira, 2014, v. 1, p. 641-650.
* MICHELETTI, B. D. Osvaldo Moles - o legado do radialista. Tese de Mestrado (Comunicação) - PPGCOM-UNIP, São Paulo, 2015.
* MOLES, O. Piquenique classe C: Crônicas e flagrantes de São Paulo. São Paulo: Boa Leitura, 1962.
* MOURA, F.; NIGRI, A. Adoniran Barbosa: Se o senhor não tá lembrado. São Paulo: Boitempo, 2002.
* MUGNAINI Jr., A., Adoniran - Dá Licença de Contar..., A Girafa, 2002.
* CAMPOS JR., C. Adoniran: uma biografia. 2. ed. São Paulo: Globo, 2009.
* LUSO JR., J. DE A.; CASTRO, J. V. DE. Laudo Natel: biografia do governador. São Paulo, 1971.
* HOHLFELDT, A. Rádio e imprensa: como as duas mídias se encontraram e se fortaleceram em Moçambique. In: Conferência Internacional Império Português . Lisboa: Instituto de Ciéncias Sociais da Universidade de Lisboa , 2013.

## References
1919–20 Austrian Cup

The **1919-20 Austrian Cup** was the national cup in Austrian football.
## Third round
*First round with teams from the Second League. The results of the drawn matches Libertas - Simmeringer SV, Meidlinger SV - Baumgarten,
Artaria - winner Klosterneuburg/Korneuburg, Sportfreunde - Ober St. Veit and St. Pölten - Graphia were not reported.

## Round of 32
## Round of 16
## Quarter-finals
## Semi-finals
## Final
**SK Rapid Wienː**August Kraupar, Franz Schediwy , Vinzenz Dittrich, Leopold Nitsch, Josef Brandstetter, Leopold Grundwald, Karl Wondrak, Josef Uridil, Richard Kuthan , Eduard Bauer, Gustav Wieser   Coach: Dionys Schönecker

**Wiener Amateur SVː** Wilhelm Meisl - Alexander Popovich - Viktor Löwenfeld - Karl Kurz - Jenö Konrad - Otto Fuchs - Josef Trinkl - Franz Hansl - Kalman Konrad - Wilhelm Morokutti - Johann Schmid Coachː Johann Andres

## Top goalscorers
## References
Ougney-Douvot

**Ougney-Douvot** is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France.

## References
Mérey-sous-Montrond

**Mérey-sous-Montrond** is a former commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France. On 1 January 2022, it was merged into the new commune of Les Monts-Ronds.

## References
Crosses, Cher

**Crosses** is a commune in the Cher department in the Centre-Val de Loire region of France. In 2019, 401 people lived there.

## References
Sparks, Nevada

**Sparks** is a city in Washoe County, Nevada, United States. It was founded in 1904 and is just east of Reno. As of the 2020 U.S. Census, 108,445 people live in the city. It is the fifth-largest city by population in Nevada.

## References
Horsens

**Horsens** is a city in Denmark. In 2021, 59,966 people lived there which makes it the 8th largest city in the country. It is in the eastern Jutland region.

## References
SV Schwechat

**SC Germania Schwechat** was an Austrian football club from Lower Austria. Today the club is playing under the name *SV Schwechat* in the Wiener Stadtliga (4th level).
## History
The club was founded in 1907. Then *ASK Schwechat* (founded 1903) and *SK Graphia Wien* (founded 1899) decided to play together as SC Germania Schwechat. SC Germania Schwechat soon developed into a sought-after playing partner of the Viennese teams. After the end of the First World War Schwechat participated in Viennas championship and was classified into the 2nd class. In their first season 1919-20 they became runner-up behind SC Hakoah Wien. The next few seasons they each failed to be promoted to the highest league. Therefore some players left the club to play in a First League club which weakened the club. In the 1926-27 season the club was relegated and most players went to *SK Neukettenhof* wich was seen as successor club of Germania.
## Name History
*ASK Schwechat (1903–1907) and SK Graphia Wien (1899–1907)
*SC Germania Schwechat (1907–1927)
*SK Neukettenhof (1927–1934)
*SC Germania Schwechat and Phönix Schwechat (1934–1945)
*1. Schwechater SC (1945–1979)
*SV Schwechat (1979– )
Phenylalanine

**Phenylalanine** (symbol Phe or F) is an essential α-amino acid. 

This essential amino acid is neutral and nonpolar. This is  because of the inert and hydrophobic nature of the benzyl side chain. 

The L-isomer is used to biochemically form proteins coded for by DNA. 

Phenylalanine is a precursor for tyrosine, the monoamine neurotransmitters dopamine, norepinephrine (noradrenaline), epinephrine (adrenaline), and the skin pigment melanin. It is encoded by the codons UUU and UUC.

## References
Barntrup

**Barntrup** is a town in Lippe in North Rhine-Westphalia in Germany.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Official website
Leduc, Alberta

**Leduc** is a city in the Canadian province of Alberta. It is  south of the provincial capital of Edmonton. In 2021, 34,094 people live in Leduc.

## References
Mondon

**Mondon** is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France.

## References
Crailsheim

**Crailsheim** is a town in Schwäbisch Hall in Baden-Württemberg in Germany. It is  east of Schwäbisch Hall and  southwest of Ansbach.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Official website 
* History about Crailsheim