open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Nicaraguan Sign Language

***Idioma de Signos Nicaragüense***, or **Nicaraguan Sign Language**, is a sign language that was spontaneously invented by deaf schoolchildren in Nicaragua in the 1970s and 1980s.  The language developed when the Sandinist government of Nicaragua created the first (elementary) school for deaf people, in the 1970s. The language is of special interest to linguists, because it allows them to study how languages develop.

In the 1970s, the deaf people of Nicaragua rarely met. They lived isolated lives and used simple gestures to communicate with their friends and family. In 1977, a special programme for the deaf was started in a suburb of Managua. At first, fifty children took part. When the Sandinist came to power, the number of pupils rose to hundred. In 1980, a vocational school for deaf people was opened in another part of Managua. In 1983, both schools together had about 400 pupils.

The teaching was centered on lip reading and the use of a hand alphabet. This was mostly unsuccessful, because most pupils had trouble spelling words in this way. The children were cut off from their teachers, and used recreational breaks, and free time spent together to create a system that allowed them to communicate with each other. Gestures and signs used at home were used to create a pidgin. Later the pidgin developed into a Creole language. The first step, that is to say the pidgin is called *Lenguaje de Signos Nicaragüense* (LSN) today. Pupils who left the school before the creole language was created, continue to use the pidgin.

The staff of the school missed the fact that a language was developing before their eyes. All they saw were some mimics, and the failure to learn Spanish. As they did not know what the pupils were saying, they asked for help. In 1986, Judi Kegl, an expert on the topic of American Sign Language was asked to help. When she analysed the language, she found out that the pidgin NSL had been made more complex by the younger pupils — it now included a fixed grammar, and the arrangement of verbs. Today, this extended form is known as *ISN*.

## Other websites
* 5 minute PBS documentary video showing examples of Nicaraguan Sign Language (QuickTime and RealPlayer formats).
* http://www.unet.maine.edu/courses/NSLP/ 
* http://cf.linguistlist.org/cfdocs/new-website/LL-WorkingDirs/forms/langs/LLDescription.cfm?code=NCS 
* https://www.nytimes.com/library/magazine/home/19991024mag-sign-language.html
* http://www-news.uchicago.edu/citations/04/041014.coppola-ct.html
Nickel(II) nitrate

**Nickel(II) nitrate**, also known as **nickelous nitrate**, is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is Ni(NO3)2. It contains nickel in its +2 oxidation state. It also contains nitrate ions.

## Properties
Nickel(II) nitrate is a green crystalline solid. It dissolves in water. Because it has nitrate ions, it is an oxidizing agent. It normally has water molecules attached to it, making it hydrated. 

## Preparation
It is made by dissolving nickel metal in nitric acid.

## Uses
It is used as a source of nickel(II), but nickel(II) chloride and nickel(II) sulfate are used more commonly.

## Safety
It is an oxidizing agent, so it should be kept away from things that can burn. It also is toxic to things that live in the water. It is a carcinogen.

## Related pages
*Nickel(II) oxide
*Nickel(II) carbonate

## References
Facial composite

by experts of the German police]]
A **facial composite** is a reconstructed image of the face of a person. Such images are usually based on descriptions of eyewitnesses. They are mostly used by police, to help them find people who have committed a serious crime.
Nickel(II) chloride

**Nickel(II) chloride**, also known as **nickelous chloride**, is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is NiCl2. It contains nickel in its +2 oxidation state. It also contains chloride ions.

## Properties
It is a yellow-green solid. It dissolves in water. It normally is attached to water molecules (hydrated). It reacts with ammonia to make a purple solution. It also reacts with hydrochloric acid to make a yellow solution. It reacts with bases to make nickel(II) hydroxide. Solutions of nickel(II) chloride have a pH of 4.

## Preparation
It is made by dissolving nickel metal in hydrochloric acid. It also can be made by reacting nickel(II) oxide, nickel(II) carbonate, or nickel(II) hydroxide with hydrochloric acid.

## Uses
It is used to electroplate nickel metal on metal objects. It is also used as a catalyst. 

## Safety
Nickel(II) chloride irritates skin and eyes. It can also cause cancer.

## Related pages
*Nickel(II) sulfate
*Nickel(II) nitrate
Nickel(II) hydroxide

**Nickel(II) hydroxide**, also known as **nickelous hydroxide**, is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is Ni(OH)2. It contains nickel in its +2 oxidation state. It also contains hydroxide ions.

## Properties
It is a light green solid. It does not dissolve in water. It dissolves in acids to make other nickel(II) salts. 

## Preparation
It is made by reacting a base containing hydroxide ions with a nickel(II) salt, such as nickel(II) chloride.

## Uses
Nickel(II) hydroxide is used in the nickel cadmium battery and the nickel-metal hydride battery.

## Related pages
*Nickel(II) nitrate
*Nickel(II) sulfate
Nickel(II) carbonate

**Nickel(II) carbonate**, also known as **nickelous carbonate**, is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is NiCO3. It contains nickel in its +2 oxidation state. It also contains carbonate ions.

## Properties
Nickel(II) carbonate is a pale green solid. It does not dissolve in water. It reacts with acids to make carbon dioxide. It turns into carbon dioxide and nickel(II) oxide when heated.

## Preparation
It is made by reacting sodium carbonate with nickel(II) chloride or nickel(II) sulfate.

## Uses
It is used in pigments and catalysts that have nickel in them.

## Related pages
*Nickel(II) hydroxide
*Nickel(II) nitrate
Nickel(II) sulfate

**Nickel(II) sulfate**, also known as **nickelous sulfate**, is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is NiSO4. It contains nickel in its +2 oxidation state. It also contains sulfate ions.

## Properties
Nickel(II) sulfate is a bluish solid. It dissolves in water. It is normally attached to some water molecules (hydrated). When it is anhydrous (not attached to water molecules), it is yellow. It reacts with bases to make nickel(II) hydroxide.

## Preparation
It is made by dissolving nickel(II) oxide or nickel metal in sulfuric acid.

## Uses
Nickel(II) sulfate is used to make other nickel compounds. It is also used in the electroplating of nickel on metal objects. It is used in the lab.

## Related pages
*Nickel(II) chloride
*Nickel(II) nitrate
Frogger

***Frogger*** is an arcade video game made in 1981 by Konami. The player must play as Frogger to get to home. The player must cross a road and a river. If the player is hit by a car or falls into the water, the player must start over. *Frogger* is very popular and there are many newer *Frogger* games.

## Gameplay 
The player guides a frog using a joystick (a game controller). The frog starts at the bottom of the screen. The frog must first cross a busy road. There are cars that go left and right on the road. If a car hits the frog, it dies and the player must start again. Once the frog crosses the road, the frog must cross a river. There are logs and turtles that move left and right in the river. The player must jump on top of the logs and turtles to reach the other side. If the player reaches the other side, he gets extra points and can try again.

There are many ways that the frog can die:
* If a car hits the frog, the frog dies.
* If the frog falls in the water, the frog dies.
* Sometimes, there are snakes, otters, and alligators in the water. If an animal hits the frog, the frog dies.
* Sometimes, the turtles go under the water. If the frog is riding on a turtle when it goes under the water, the frog dies.
* If the frog goes off the edge of the screen, the frog dies.
* The frog can not land in the same spot twice at the top of the screen. If it does, the frog dies.
* There is a timer. If the time runs out, the frog dies.

If the frog dies, the player can try again. Once the frog dies too many times, the game is over.
Johann Strauss III

**Johann Strauss III** (February 16, 1866 - January 9, 1939) was an Austrian composer and conductor. He was the son of Eduard Strauss, the nephew of Johann Strauss II, and grandson of Johann Strauss I. He wrote several waltzes, as well as an operetta, *Katze und Maus* (Cat and Mouse).
Carlos Slim

**Carlos Slim Helú** (born January 28, 1940 in Mexico City) is a Mexican businessman. He was the richest person in the world from 2010 to 2013. He owns the Mexican phone company Telmex, which provides a telephone service to most Mexicans. After graduating, Slim expanded on his father's ownings of real estate in Mexico City. By age 26, he was worth $40 million. During the 1980s and 1990s, Slim bought several companies that were bankrupt or being privatized. Slim owns about 7% of the *New York Times*. He is now worth $60 billion. Slim's maternal grandparents and his father were from Lebanon. In 2017, According to Forbes Carlos Slim is the world’s fifth richest person.

In late January 2021, Slim was diagnosed with COVID-19 during the pandemic in Mexico.

## References
Baitul Futuh Mosque

The **Baitul Futuh Mosque** (English: *House of Victories*) is claimed to be the largest mosque in Europe. According to some estimates it is the second largest after the Mosque of Rome. It has an area of , the mosque complex can hold up to 10,000 worshippers.  It was built in 2003 at a cost of about £5.5 million with money given by the Ahmadiyya Muslim Community. It is located in the London area of Morden, next to Morden South railway station and 150&nbsp;yards from the Morden Underground.

## Inauguration 
The foundation stone was placed by Hazrat Mirza Tahir Ahmad on the 19 October 1999, in a ceremony attended by 2000 guests, and opened by the current head of the Ahmadiyya Muslim Community, Hazrat Mirza Masroor Ahmad, on the 3 October 2003. Mirza Masroor Ahmad is based at Fazl Mosque but delivers his weekly Khutbah (Friday sermon) from Baitul Futuh. The opening ceremony was attended by over 600 guests such as High Commissioners, Deputy High Commissioners, Members of European Parliament, Members of Parliament, Mayors of London boroughs, councilors, university lecturers, and representatives of 17 countries.

## Services to the Community 
Several events are held at the Baitul Futuh Mosque to serve both the Muslim and greater community. In addition to regular prayers, its services include an annual Peace Symposiums, school tours, other local community events, as well as the 'Merton Youth Partnership Annual Conference', hosting the Perfect Jeevan Programme *Any Questions?*, and is included in Suman.

The Baitul Futuh Mosque has acted as the centre for the 'Loyalty, Freedom and Peace Campaign', which seeks to promote Islam as a peaceful religion, and to improve the integration of Muslims and non-Muslims.  The award is for lifetime contribution to the cause of Human Rights.

The Mosque receives over 10,000 visitors a year from schools, faith groups, public service organizations, charities, local and central government, and other groups.

The plan to burn the Qur'an by the Dove World Outreach Center on the 9th anniversary of 9/11 attacks was highly condemned at the Baitul Futuh mosque by several politicians and religious leaders, such as Fleur Sandringham (Judaism) and Rev. Andrew Wakefield.

## Facilities 
* Prayer halls for Men and Women
* Offices
* Library
* Exhibition
* Multi-functional rooms
* MTA Television Studios
* Kitchen & Dine
* Gymnasium
* Guest rooms
* Disabled access.
* Wash-room Facilities:
** WC's
** Wash Basins
** Footbaths
** Showers
** Drinking Fountains
** Baby Changing Units
** Toilets for the Disabled
** WC's and Wash Basins for Crèche

## Gallery

File:Bait-ul-Futuh Mosque in London.JPG
File:Morden South stn look north to mosque.JPG
File:Morden South stn entrance.JPG
File:Baitul Futuh entrance.jpg
File:Baitul Futuh Minaret.jpg
File:Baitul Futuh main entrance.jpg
File:Baitul Futuh dome.jpg
File:Bait ul-Futuh interior.jpg

## Related pages
* Ahmadiyya Muslim Community
* Islam in the United Kingdom
* Islamic architecture
* Islamic art
* List of mosques
* List of mosques in Great Britain
* Darul Barakaat Mosque
* Al Mahdi Mosque

## References
Lee Fogolin Sr.

**Lidio John Fogolin, Sr.** (born February 27, 1926 in Fort William, Ontario - d. November 29, 2000) was a Canadian professional ice hockey player for the Detroit Red Wings and Chicago Black Hawks of the NHL.

## Playing career
Lee Fogolin started his professional career with the Omaha Knights of the USHL in 1946. The next year he played for the Indianapolis Capitals of the AHL. He saw his first NHL action for the Detroit Red Wings in the 1948 playoffs. He began the 1949 season with Indianapolis before being called up to the NHL full-time.
He played the next 3 seasons with Detroit winning the Stanley Cup with them in 1950. In 1951 he was traded to the Chicago Black Hawks along with Steve Black for Bert Olmstead and Vic Stasiuk. He played the final 6 years of his career on less than impressive Chicago Black Hawks teams. In 1957 he signed on as a player-coach of the Calgary Stampeders of the WHL. He broke his elbow that season and decided to retire at its conclusion to concentrate on coaching full-time.

## Coaching career
Lee Fogolin coached 1 season in the WHL in 1957. He did not return to coaching until 1971 with the Thunder Bay Twins of the USHL where he stayed for 2 seasons.

## Trivia
*Lee Fogolin Sr. played in 2 NHL All Star Games in 1950 and 1951.
*His son Lee Fogolin Jr. won 2 Stanley Cups with the Edmonton Oilers in 1984 and 1985.
*His grandson Michael Fogolin played for the Prince George Cougars in the WHL and died in his sleep on May 26, 2004 of a possible heart condition.

## Other websites
*
*
*Picture of Lee Fogolin's Name on the 1950 Stanley Cup Plaque
Dave Gatherum

**David Robert Gatherum** (March 28, 1932 – June 20, 2024) was a professional ice hockey goaltender.

On October 11, 1953 Gatherum replaced injured Terry Sawchuk to record a shutout in his National Hockey League (NHL) debut for Detroit 4-0 win over Toronto.  He then played on October 16 and 17 for Detroit. Terry returned from injury and Gatherum returned to minors having 2 wins, and 1 tie.  He also set an NHL for the longest shutout sequence by a goaltender to start a career 100.21 min Oct 11-16, 1953. The record stood until 2011. He was recalled for playoffs as a spare goaltender and got his name on the Stanley Cup with Detroit in 1954.  Gatherum would never play in the NHL again.  He spent the rest of his career playing in the minors or senior hockey until retiring after 1959 season.

## References
## Other websites
*Picture of Dave Gatherum's Name on the 1954 Stanley Cup Plaque
Crossroads

***Crossroads*** is a movie from 2002 with starring Britney Spears in her first major movie role.

## Cast
* Britney Spears as Lucy Wagner
* Dan Aykroyd as Pete Wagner
* Kim Cattrall as Caroline Wagner
* Anson Mount as Ben
* Zoë Saldana as Kit
* Taryn Manning as Mimi
* Justin Long as Henry

## Other websites
* 

## Related pages 
*Crossroads (Roblox game)
IE (disambiguation)

**Ie**, **ie** or **IE**  may refer to:
**i.e.*, abbreviation for Latin ***id est***, meaning "that is; in other words"

## Computing
*Internet Explorer, the web browser by Microsoft
*IntelliMouse Explorer, a line of computer mice designed by Microsoft
*Infinity Engine, the game engine behind Baldur's Gate among others
*Information engineering, an approach to designing and developing information systems
*.ie, Irish Internet country code top-level domain

## Education 
*Institut Eksekutif, an educational institution in Sarawak, Malaysia
*IE Business School, formerly known as Instituto de Empresa, a global leading Business School in Madrid, Spain

## Transport
*Iarnród Éireann, or Irish Rail
*Solomon Airlines, as IATA airline designator "IE"

## Arts/entertainment
*Improv Everywhere, a comedy group
*Into Eternity, a progressive death metal band from Canada

## Places
*Inland Empire (California), in the United States
*Ie, Okinawa, in Japan

## Science and engineering
*Industrial ecology, the study of sustainable industrial systems
*Industrial engineering, the engineering discipline that concerns the development, improvement, implementation and evaluation of integrated systems of people, knowledge, equipment, energy, material and process
*Infective endocarditis, a form of endocarditis caused by infectious agents
*Information Element, a component of information systems
*Information extraction, a type of information retrieval whose goal is to automatically extract structured or semistructured information from unstructured machine-readable documents
*Institute for Energy of the European Union
*Ionization energy, the energy required to strip an atom or molecule of an electron; see Ionization potential

## Language and culture
*The ie (digraph)
*International English, the concept of the English language as a global means of communication
*Indo-European (disambiguation), as in:
**Indo-European languages
**Indo-European people
**Indo-European studies
*Ie (Japanese family system), the classical Japanese family system
*Ie (trading houses), Japanese cottage industry
*-ie, an English diminutive suffix
*Interlingue, originally the Occidental language (ISO 639-1 code **ie**)
*Republic of Ireland (ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 code **IE**)
*A spelling guideline of the English language: "i before e except after c"
Haijima Station

is a Railway station of East Japan Railway Company (JR East) and Seibu Railway that is in the city of Akishima, Tokyo, Japan.

## Adjacent stations
### Platforms
## Other websites
European Coal and Steel Community

The **European Coal and Steel Community** was a union started in 1951. Its purpose was to bring the western countries of Europe together during the Cold War so they would be harder to attack. It was the  of the European Union. Its original purpose was to prevent war between France and Germany. It created a market for coal and steel between all of the countries that signed it. It was dissolved in 2002 and put into the European Community.
John Bednarski

**John Severn Bednarski** (born July 4, 1952 in Thunder Bay, Ontario) was an ice hockey defenceman in the National Hockey League. Over the course of his career, he played the New York Rangers and the Edmonton Oilers.

As a junior player he played in the Manitoba Junior Hockey League, he signed with the Rangers as a free agent in 1972 and began play in the American Hockey League with the Rochester Americans. He made his NHL start in 1974 with the Rangers playing 99 games and scoring 2 goals and 18 assists. In 1977, he returned to the minor leagues before signing with the Oilers for their first year in the NHL, playing only one game before being sent back down to the minors.

He later signed a contract with the Buffalo Sabres but never played another NHL game. He would eventually become the radio and TV analyst for the Americans for many years before resigning prior to the 2005–06 season.

## References
*
Pete Goegan

**Peter John Goegan** (March 6, 1934 in Fort William, Ontario - October 8, 2008) was a Canadian professional ice hockey defenceman. He played 383 games in the National Hockey League (NHL) for the Detroit Red Wings, New York Rangers, and Minnesota North Stars.

Goegan started playing hockey on some Fort William teams and then moved for two seasons to the Northern Ontario Hockey Association until joining professional hockey in 1956.

He played for two years in the American Hockey League (AHL) with the Cleveland Barons, winning a Calder Cup, but in the 1957-58 season he debuted in the National Hockey League with the Detroit Red Wings. In the following seasons he became a defender for the Red Wings team, except for a loan in the Western Hockey League during the 1959-60 championship.

In 1962 he played for a few months in the New York Rangers organization, winning another Calder Cup with the Springfield Indians farm team, but in October he returned to the Red Wings. He split five seasons between the NHL team and their AHL affiliate the Pittsburgh Hornets, with whom he won the third Calder Cup in his career.

In the summer of 1967 in the NHL Expansion Draft Goegan was selected by the Minnesota North Stars, with which he played a season for a total of 46 games in addition to a Western Hockey League loan. He retired a year later in 1969 after playing in other North American leagues.

## Other websites 
*
Harpy eagle

The **harpy eagle** (*Harpia harpyja*) is one of the largest eagles and most powerful birds of prey in the world. It is a magnificent meat-eater that lives in Central and South American rainforests. It is colored black and white.

This large eagle makes whistling and clicking calls. It is an endangered species because of the fragmentation and destruction of its habitat through logging, and also because of hunting.

The harpy eagle mostly eats large mammals, including monkeys and sloths. It eats howler monkeys, pygmy sloths, capybaras (the largest rodent in the world), foxes, capuchin monkeys, and some birds. Its talons reach to 5 inches, more than 2 times the length of a grizzly bear's claw.

## References 
*
Quadrivium

The **Quadrivium** is the medieval education which led to the Master of Arts (MA) degree. The Quadrivium follows the Trivium in a liberal arts education.

The quadrivium consisted of four disciplines which were related to mathematics:
*Arithmetic (numbers)
*Geometry (space)
*Music (time: harmonics)
*Astronomy (time and space)

These four studies compose the secondary part of the curriculum outlined by Plato in *The Republic*. 

All the education was done in Latin, which educated pupils learnt at school, or from a private tutor. Latin was the *lingua franca* (universal language) of mediaeval Europe: even the Bible could only be read in Latin. Since the quadrivium was taught in universities, only boys could take it (because only males took part in universities). The teaching was done by priests. If girls wanted education, it had to be done in their homes. In the modern form of liberal arts in the United States, both sexes are taught, although there are still a few single-sex institutions.

## References
Toner

**Toner** is a powder commonly used in photocopiers and Laser printers to draw images and text onto paper. The early forms of toner were just carbon powder. Modern toners mix carbon with a thermoplastic and other materials.

In early machines, the user had to pour the toner into a reservoir on the machine itself. Current machines feed from a sealed cartridge which is normally a proprietary design. Although manufacturers try to make the process complicated, empty cartridges are sometimes refilled by third-party vendors.
Toner particles are melted by the heat of the fuser, and bind to the paper.

## Health Risks 
Since toner is a fine dust, it can remain in the air for a long time, and is considered to have health effects similar to inert dust.
It can be very painful to people with respiratory conditions such as asthma or bronchitis.

## Impact on the environment 
Many companies selling laser printers will also provide a way to return empty toner cartridges. These are commonly re-used, with new toner. Today, many toners have chips which tell the printer how much toner is left. These chips also need to be re-programmed, when the toner is re-filled.

## Other websites
* *Material Safety Data Sheets: HP LaserJet Print Cartridges* from Hewlett-Packard
* *Toner Particles&nbsp;– Monitoring Particle Size Distribution and Particle Shape*  from Malvern Instruments
Iron(III) nitrate

**Iron(III) nitrate**, also known as **ferric nitrate**, is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is Fe(NO3)3. It contains iron in its +3 oxidation state. It also contains nitrate ions.

## Properties
Iron(III) nitrate is a light purple solid. It dissolves easily in water. It is an oxidizing agent. It is acidic. It absorbs water easily to make a hydrate (chemical with water molecules attached to it). 

## Preparation
It is made by reacting iron or iron(III) oxide with nitric acid. The reaction of iron with nitric acid makes nitrogen dioxide. Nitrogen dioxide is a brown and toxic gas.

## Uses
It is used to  silver alloys. It is also used to make sodium amide. It acts as a catalyst in this reaction.

It can be mixed with clay to make an oxidant clay. This oxidant clay can be used to make organic molecules. 

## Safety
Iron(III) nitrate is oxidizing, so it can catch things on fire. It is also corrosive to metal and can burn skin.

## Related pages
*Iron(III) chloride
*Iron(III) sulfate
Nagareyama-ōtakanomori Station

**Nagareyama-ōtakanomori Station** (流山おおたかの森駅,ながれやまおおたかのもりえき) is a Railway station of Tōbu Railway and Metropolitan Intercity Railway Company in Nagareyama, Chiba Prefecture, Japan. 

## Adjacent stations
; Tōbu Railway
: Tōbu Noda Line
::: Hatsuishi - **Nagareyama-ōtakanomori** - Toyoshiki
; Metropolitan Intercity Railway Company
:  Tsukuba Express
:: Rapid
::: Minami-Nagareyama (10) - **Nagareyama-ōtakanomori** (12) - Moriya (15)
:: Seni-Rapid
::: Minami-Nagareyama (10) - **Nagareyama-ōtakanomori** (12) - Kashiwanoha-campus (13)
:: Local
::: Nagareyama-centralpark (11) - **Nagareyama-ōtakanomori** (12) - Kashiwanoha-campus (13)
Ain-Diab Circuit

The **Ain-Diab Circuit** was a Formula One road circuit built in 1957, southwest of Ain-Diab in Morocco, using the existing coast road and the main road from Casablanca to Azemmour.

The 7.618&nbsp;km (4.734&nbsp;mi) course was designed by the Royal Automobile Club of Morocco. It was given a full blessing from Sultan Mohammed V. It was built in only six weeks. The site hosted an non-championship F1 race in 1957. On 19 October 1958 the course was the venue for the Moroccan Grand Prix, the final round in the  Formula One season. It was won by Stirling Moss driving a Vanwall, completing the 53 laps in 2h 09m 15.1s.

There was a terrible accident during the race. The engine on the Vanwall of Stuart Lewis-Evans seized up. The car spun and crashed. He was severely burned, and died in a hospital in England six days later.

## Related pages
* Moroccan Grand Prix

## Other websites 
* Satellite picture by Google Maps
Croke Park

**Croke Park** () is a stadium. It is the biggest stadium in Ireland. It is in the middle of Dublin. It is the third largest stadium in Europe. It can hold 82,300 people. The stadium is owned by the GAA (Gaelic Athletic Association), Ireland´s biggest sport organisation. Since 1884 it is used by the GAA. The annual finals of the All-Ireland Senior Football Championship and Senior Hurling Championship are held here Music concerts by major international acts have also been held. From 2007–2009 it was also used for rugby and soccer. The stadium is named after Thomas Croke, an archbishop, who was an early mentor of the GAA.

## History
The area was used since 1870 as a sports ground. It was called Jones's Road Sportsground. Since the foundation of the Gaelic Athletic Association it was used for major events in Gaelic sports. In 1913 the ground was bought by them. At this time the ground had one stand and earth walls around the field. In the 1920s the capacity raised by building new stands. In the 1980s the GAA decided to build a high capacity stadium. The final constructions were in 2003.

### Bloody Sunday
During the Irish War of Independence on November 21, 1920 Croke Park was the scene of a massacre by the Royal Irish Constabulary (RIC). The police shot into a crowd which was visiting a Dublin-Tipperary Gaelic football match. The dead included 13 spectators and Tipperary's captain, Michael Hogan. To his memory the new stand of 1924 was named "Hogan Stand".
Three Choirs Festival

The **Three Choirs Festival** is a festival of classical music which is held every year in August.  The choirs from three cathedrals take part in many of the concerts.  The three cathedrals are: Hereford Cathedral, Gloucester Cathedral and Worcester Cathedral.  Each year the festival is held in one of those three cathedrals in turn.

The Three Choirs Festival is one of the oldest festivals of classical music.  It has its roots in the 18th century.  Many famous musicians have performed in the festival.  Concerts have been conducted by Samuel Sebastian Wesley, Edward Elgar, Ralph Vaughan Williams and many others.  Music has been composed for the festival by Frederick Delius, Zoltan Kodaly Holst, Arthur Sullivan, Herbert Howells, Gerald Finzi, William Walton, Arthur Bliss and Benjamin Britten, Lennox Berkeley, John McCabe, William Mathias, Paul Patterson and James MacMillan. As well as the cathedral choirs there is also a choir called the Festival Chorus which takes part, usually singing large-scale works with orchestra.  Many ensembles and international soloists perform at the festival.

## Other websites
*Three Choirs Festival website 
*Hereford Cathedral
*Gloucester Cathedral
*Worcester Cathedral
John Nash (architect)

**John Nash** (18 January 1752 – 13 May 1835) was an English architect responsible for much of the layout of Regency London. He was the most important architect of the period 1800 to 1835

## Life 
Nash was born in Lambeth. He studied architecture as an apprentice to Sir Robert Taylor for nine years.

From 1810, Nash would take very few private commissions. He was a dedicated Whig and was a friend of Charles James Fox, who was Foreign Secretary in 1806. Perhaps through Fox, Nash came to the attention of the Prince Regent (later King George IV). For the rest of his career he would largely work for the Prince. His first major commissions in 1811 from the Prince was Regent Street and the development of an area then known as Marylebone Park.

With the Regent's backing Nash created a master plan for the area, put into action from 1818 onwards, which stretched from St James’s northwards and included Regent Street, Regent's Park and its neighbouring streets, terraces and crescents of elegant town houses and villas. Nash did not complete all the detailed designs himself; in some instances, completion was left in the hands of other architects. Nash was employed by the Prince to develop his Ocean Pavilion Palace in Brighton, originally designed by Henry Holland. By 1822 Nash had finished his work on the Ocean Pavilion, which was now transformed into the Royal Pavilion.

## His works 
Examples of his work include:

### London 
*Buckingham Palace: the state rooms and western front
*Regent Street
*Regent's Park
*Park Square
*Park Crescent
*Regent's Canal
*Carlton House Terrace, London
*St James Park
*Marble Arch
*Haymarket Theatre
*Clarence House
*Cumberland Terrace
*Trafalgar Square (first version)
*The Royal Mews

### England & Wales 
*Cardigan Gaol
*The Brighton Royal Pavilion
*Luscombe Castle 
*Sandridge Park 
*Guildhall, Newport, Isle of Wight
*Castle House, later extended to form Old College Aberystwyth University
*Hereford Gaol
*Whitson Court, near Newport
*Sandridge Park
*Caerhays Castle, Cornwall 
*Ravensworth Castle
John Pattisons house. Newport iow

### Ireland 
*Ballindoon House 
*Killymoon Castle, near Cookstown, County Tyrone
*Shanbally Castle, near Clogheen, South Tipperary
*Rockingham House, Boyle, County Roscommon
*Lough Cutra Castle, County Galway

## References
Hacavitz

**Hacavitz** is a Mexican death metal band formed in 2003. The band took their name from the Mayan god Jacawitz. 

## Members
### Current members
*Antimo Buonnano - Guitars, Bass, Vocals (Profanator, Blood Reaping, Demonized, ex-Impiety, ex-Disgorge, Domain, Ravager)
*Oscar Garcia - Drums (Demonized, ex-Impiety, Domain, Ravager)

### Live members
*Edgar Garcia - Bass

### Former members
*Eduardo Guevara - Guitars
*Antonio Nolasco - Bass

## Discography
;Studio albums
*Venganza (2005)
*Katun (2007)
*Metztli Obscura (2010)

;EP
*Hacavitz (2004)

;Singles
*Lusting the Dead of the Night (2005)

;Split
*Apocalyptik Blasphemy of the Revolutionists (split w/Zygoatsis) (2006)
*Rituals of the Night (split w/Thornspawn) (2008)

## Other websites 
*Official Bandsite
*Encyclopaedia Metallum
Patient

A **patient** is a someone receiving medical care and/or treatment. The person may be waiting for this care or may be receiving it or may have already received it. There is considerable lack of agreement about the precise meaning of the term "patient." From the Latin verb "patior" meaning "to suffer" both in the sense of feeling pain and in the sense of forbearance. Thus, the two uses of the word "patient"—as a noun denoting "someone who suffers" and as an adjective meaning "to bear with forbearance"—stem from the same origin.

Patient centered care is the hallmark of quality health care. This approach encourages respectful and responsive collaboration between health care professionals and patients and takes into consideration patients’ preferences, needs and values. Understanding patient experience is a key step in moving toward patient-centered care. By looking at various aspects of patient experience, one can assess the extent to which patients are receiving care that is respectful of and responsive to individual patient.

## Inpatient and Outpatient 
**Inpatient** care requires overnight hospitalization. Patients must stay at the medical facility where their procedure was done for at least one night. During this time, they remain under the supervision of a nurse or doctor.

Patients receiving **outpatient** care don't need to spend a night in a hospital. They're free to leave the doctor's office, outpatient clinic or hospital once the procedure is over. Sometimes, they need to wait while anesthesia wears off or to make sure there aren't any complications. As long as there aren't any serious complications, though, patients don't have to spend the night being supervised.

## References
Abhisit Vejjajiva

**Abhisit Vejjajiva** (; ;  Thai pronunciation), born 3 August 1964 is the leader of the Democrat Party and 27th Prime Minister of Thailand.

After graduating from Eton, a famous public school in England, Abhisit get his bachelor's and master's degrees from the University of Oxford. He was elected to the Thai Parliament at the age of 27. In 2008, he became the country’s youngest-ever prime ministers at the age of 44 

Abhisit became prime minister during global economic crisis and faced rising politic problems in the country. The government under Abhisit Vejjajiva introduce economic stimulus to “REVIVE THE THAI ECONOMY with transparency and accountability”. The Economic Plan is separated into two phrases, Stimulus Package 1 and stimulus Package 2.

## Early life and family 
Born in Newcastle, England, went to Eton Public school during his teenage life, before continuing his higher education at Oxford University. Abhisit received at Bachelor’s Degree in Philosophy, Politics, and Economics (PPE) with first class honor and master's degree in Economics.

After graduation, Abhisit started his career life as lecturer at Oxford University in Economics before coming back to Thailand after receiving his master's degree as a Lecturer at Thammasart University from 1990-1991.
Abhisit’s “family is a circle of accomplished individuals”. His father, Professor Doctor Athasit Vejjajiva, an ex-minister of public health and his mother, Professor Doctor Sodsai Vejjajiva. One of his two sisters is a professor of child psychology. The  other is a leading Thai author.

## Related pages
*List of scientists from Asia

## References
Lechites

**Lechites**, or **Lekhites** (), are an ethnic and linguistic subdivision of West Slavs.

*Lechitic group include:
**Masovians
**Lendians
**Polans
**Vyatichi
**Radimichs

## Related pages
*Lechia

## References
Right to education

The **right to education** is one of the human rights, but it is not used by everyone. It is thought that all children should go to school for primary education from the age of three years, to the age of ten years.  
Furthermore, all children should have access to secondary education, and higher education.  However, many children around the world cannot or do not go to secondary education or higher education. 

The right to education is written in Article 26 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and Article 14 of the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. The right to education has also been re-stated in the 1960 UNESCO Convention against Discrimination in Education, 1st Protocol of ECHR and the 1981 Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women.

It is also listed in the European Convention on Human Rights, Protocol 1, Article 2. Some national constitutions name this right, for example the Belgian constitution (former article 17, now article 24) or the Dutch constitution (article 23). the right to education give preference to all the children and help for her rights of education.

## Related pages
*Children's rights
*Economic, social and cultural rights
*Literacy
*Scholarship

## References
Zinc bromide

**Zinc bromide** is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is ZnBr2. It contains zinc and bromide ions.

## Properties
Zinc bromide is a colorless solid. It dissolves in water. It makes an acidic solution.

## Preparation
It can be made by reacting barium bromide with zinc sulfate. This forms barium sulfate which can be filtered out. It can also be made by reacting zinc with bromine. It can also be made by reacting zinc with hydrogen bromide or hydrobromic acid.

## Uses
It can be used in organic chemistry. It can be used as a shield against radiation. There is a battery that uses zinc bromide.

## Related pages
*Zinc iodide
*Zinc chloride
*Zinc fluoride

## References
Zinc hydroxide

**Zinc hydroxide** is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is Zn(OH)2. It contains zinc and hydroxide ions.

## Properties
Zinc hydroxide is a white solid. It does not dissolve in water. It reacts with acids to make zinc salts. It dissolves in concentrated bases. It dissolves in ammonia to make a colorless solution. It can be heated to make zinc oxide.

## Occurrence
Zinc hydroxide is found as a few rare minerals. It is not a main zinc ore.

## Preparation
Zinc hydroxide can be made by reacting zinc chloride or zinc sulfate with sodium hydroxide. A dilute solution of sodium hydroxide was used so the zinc hydroxide didn't dissolve. 

## Uses
Zinc hydroxide is used to absorb blood in large bandages. These bandages are used after surgery.

## Related pages
*Zinc bromide
*Zinc fluoride
Barium bromide

**Barium bromide** is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is BaBr2. It contains barium and bromide ions.

## Properties
Barium bromide is a colorless solid. It dissolves easily in water. It is very toxic because of the barium ions. It reacts with the sulfate ion to make insoluble (does not dissolve in water) barium sulfate. 

## Preparation
Barium bromide can be made by reacting barium carbonate with hydrobromic acid. It can also be made by a violent reaction between barium and bromine. 

## Uses
It can be used to make zinc bromide. It also is used to purify radium.

## Related pages
*Barium chloride
*Barium phosphate
Zinc iodide

**Zinc iodide** is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is ZnI2. It contains zinc and iodide ions.

## Properties 
Zinc iodide is a colorless solid. It dissolves in water. It reacts with bases to make zinc hydroxide. It is a reducing agent. When it is oxidized it makes iodine.

## Preparation 
It is made by reacting zinc with iodine. 

## Uses 
It is opaque (not clear) to X-rays. It can be used as a stain in microscope slides.

## Related pages 
*Zinc fluoride
*Zinc bromide
*Zinc chloride
Zinc fluoride

**Zinc fluoride** is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is ZnF2. It contains zinc and fluoride ions.

## Properties
Zinc fluoride is a colorless solid. It only dissolves a little in water. It reacts with bases to make zinc hydroxide.

## Preparation
Zinc fluoride is made by reacting zinc chloride with a fluoride. It can also be made by reacting zinc with fluorine. It also can be made by reacting zinc with hydrofluoric acid to make hydrogen and zinc fluoride.

## Related pages
*Zinc bromide
*Zinc iodide
Smithsonite

**Smithsonite** is a mineral. It contains zinc carbonate, ZnCO3. It is an ore of zinc. It has a Mohs hardness (a hardness scale) of 4.5. It has a  of 4.5. Some zinc can be replaced with manganese to make manganese carbonate.

## References
Zinc nitrate

**Zinc nitrate** is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is Zn(NO3)2. It contains zinc and nitrate ions.

## Properties
Zinc nitrate is a colorless solid. It dissolves in water. It reacts with bases to make zinc hydroxide. It reacts with sodium carbonate to make zinc carbonate.

## Preparation
It can be made by reacting zinc metal or zinc oxide with nitric acid.

## Uses
It can be used as a . It is also used as a source of zinc ions.

## Related pages
*Zinc sulfate
*Zinc sulfide
Zinc sulfate

**Zinc sulfate** is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is ZnSO4. It contains zinc and sulfate ions.

## Properties
Zinc sulfate is a colorless solid. It dissolves in water. It can react with bases to make zinc hydroxide. 

## Preparation
Zinc sulfate can be made by reacting zinc or zinc oxide with sulfuric acid. It can also be made by reacting copper sulfate with zinc.

## Uses
Zinc sulfate can be used to add zinc to the soil. It is also used to add zinc to animal feed. It was once used to remove acne. 

## Related pages
*Zinc fluoride
*Zinc chloride
Zinc sulfide

**Zinc sulfide** is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is ZnS. It contains zinc and sulfide ions.

## Properties
Zinc sulfide is white when pure. It does not dissolve in water. It can burn at a high temperature to make sulfur dioxide and zinc oxide. It reacts with strong acids to make hydrogen sulfide. 

## Preparation
Zinc sulfide can be made by igniting a mixture of powdered zinc and sulfur. Another way of making it is to react hydrogen sulfide with a zinc compound.

## Uses
Zinc sulfide is used to convert ultraviolet light to visible light. It can be  with copper to make it glow in the dark. 

## Related pages
*Zinc sulfate
*Zinc chloride
Zinc oxide

**Zinc oxide** is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is ZnO. It contains zinc and oxide ions.

## Properties
Zinc oxide is a white solid. It does not dissolve in water. It reacts with acids to make zinc salts. It can react with water to make zinc hydroxide. It reacts with phosphoric acid to make zinc phosphate, a cement. It reacts with hydrogen sulfide to make zinc sulfide. It dissolves in strong bases. It can be reduced by carbon to zinc metal.

## Preparation
Zinc oxide can be made by heating powdered zinc metal. It can also be made by heating zinc hydroxide. It can be made by boiling zinc metal in air. Zinc carbonate makes zinc oxide when heated.

## Uses
Zinc oxide is used in the  of rubber, preventing the rubber from becoming brittle. It also protects the rubber from fungi and ultraviolet light.

Zinc oxide can be added to concrete to help the making and hardening of concrete. Zinc oxide is used in calamine. It can be used as a deodorant and an  cream. Zinc oxide can be used as a sunscreen.

It can be added to food to add zinc to the diet. It can also be used in paint as a pigment. It also clings to certain metals better.

## Safety
Zinc oxide is not toxic, but fine dust of zinc oxide can irritate the lungs when inhaled or aspirated.

## Related pages
*Zinc chloride
*Zinc bromide
Melissa Etheridge

**Melissa Lou Etheridge** (born May 29, 1961) is an American singer and musician. Her songs include "Come to my Window" and "I'm the Only One". Etheridge was born in Leavenworth, Kansas. She has fifteen Grammy Award . She has won two Grammy Awards.

Etheridge won the Academy Award for Best Original Song for the song "I Need to Wake Up". That song was from the movie *An Inconvenient Truth*.

Etheridge came out as lesbian in January 1993. She was diagnosed with breast cancer in October 2004 and has recovered.

## References 
## Other websites 
* MelissaEtheridge.com
List of The Fairly OddParents episodes

***The Fairly OddParents*** is an American animated television series that aired on Nickelodeon and Nicktoons. Created by Butch Hartman and Bob Boyle, the series is based on a series of Oh Yeah! Cartoons, beginning with the short The Fairly OddParents!.

## Series overview

## Episodes
All of the episodes of *The Fairly OddParents* listed below are arranged in the order of the complete series DVD set, rather than their original production, broadcast or packaging order.

### Shorts (1998–2002)
### Season 1 (2001)
### Season 2 (2002–03)
### Season 3 (2002–03)
### Season 4 (2003–05)
### Season 5 (2004–06)
### Season 6 (2008–09) 
### Season 7 (2009–12)
### Season 8 (2011)
### Season 9 (2013–15)
### Season 10 (2016–17)
## Live action television films
## References
The School of Athens

***The School of Athens*** is a famous fresco by the artist Raphael. It was painted during the Italian Renaissance between 1510 and 1511. The picture is known as "Raphael's masterpiece and the perfect embodiment of the classical spirit of the High Renaissance".

It was painted as a part of Raphael's commission to decorate with frescoes the rooms now known as the , in the Apostolic Palace in the Vatican. 

## Figures 
Only the identities of some of the philosophers in the picture, such as Plato or Aristotle, are certain.

A proposed list of possible identifications, is the following:

1:&nbsp;Zeno of Citium
2:&nbsp;Epicurus  Possibly, the image of two philosophers, who were typically shown in pairs during the Renaissance:  Heraclitus, the "weeping" philosopher, and Democritus, the "laughing" philosopher.
3:&nbsp;unknown (believed to be Raphael)
4:&nbsp;Boethius or Anaximander or Empedocles?
5:&nbsp;Averroes
6:&nbsp;Pythagoras
7:&nbsp;Alcibiades or Alexander the Great?
8:&nbsp;Antisthenes or Xenophon or Timon?
9:&nbsp;Raphael, Fornarina as a personification of Love or Francesco Maria della Rovere?
10:&nbsp;Aeschines or Xenophon?
11:&nbsp;Parmenides? (Leonardo da Vinci)
12:&nbsp;Socrates
13:&nbsp;Heraclitus (Michelangelo)
14:&nbsp;Plato (Leonardo da Vinci)
15:&nbsp;Aristotle (Giuliano da Sangallo)
16:&nbsp;Diogenes of Sinope
17:&nbsp;Plotinus (Donatello?)
18:&nbsp;Euclid or Archimedes with students (Bramante?)
19:&nbsp;Strabo or Zoroaster? (Baldassare Castiglione)
20:&nbsp;Ptolemy?
R:&nbsp;Apelles (Raphael)
21:&nbsp;Protogenes (Il Sodoma, Perugino, or Timoteo Viti)

## Other websites
## References
Tropical Storm Allison (1989)

**Tropical Storm Allison** is a storm that struck Texas and west central Louisiana during June 1989. It was responsible for $500 million in damage and eleven deaths. The storm formed from a westward moving tropical wave merged with the remnants of Pacific Hurricane Cosme. Despite the damage, the name *Allison* was not retired. However, in June 2001, another Tropical Storm Allison caused major damage in the same areas, causing the name *Allison* to be retired.
Helen Reddy

**Helen Reddy** (25 October 1941 &ndash; 29 September 2020) was an Australian actress and singer-songwriter. Her hits are "Angie Baby" and "No Way to Treat a Lady". She was born in Australia in 1941. In the United States she had fifteen singles in the Top 40 of the *Billboard* Hot 100.  Her signature hit was "I Am Woman."

Reddy died on 29 September 2020 in Los Angeles, California from dementia-related problems at the age of 78.

## Albums

:1#16 (New Zealand), #17 (UK) 
:2#13 (New Zealand)
:3#1 (New Zealand), *The Best of Helen Reddy* #5 (UK)u

## References
Hurricane Connie

**Hurricane Connie** was a strong hurricane that happened in the Mid Atlantic states and North Carolina. It caused a lot of damage. After that, the name **Connie** was later retired.

## References
Deekshabhoomi

**Deekshabhoomi** is a historical place in India where about 1,000,000 people were converted from Hinduism to Buddhism at a single moment on October 14, 1956.  These people were people of lower classes who converted under the leadership of Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar. Ambedkar felt that their human rights could only be protected as Bhuddists.

Deekshabhoomi is in the city of Nagpur, Maharashtra in central India.  It is an important tourist attraction.

## References
Gamestar

**Gamestar** is a German monthly released PC computer game magazine. It is published by the IDG Entertainment Media GmbH in Munich. The first edition was 10/1997 with a prize of 6,90 DM. Current prize is 6,30€ (XL version), 5,30€ (DVD version) and 3,50€ (Magazin version).

## Other websites
*
* IDG-Verlag