open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Leucostethus ramirezi

***Leucostethus ramirezi*** is a frog.  It lives in Colombia.

## Home
Scientists saw this frog on farms and in places where humans' animals eat grass but only where there were clean streams and forests nearby. They saw it near forests but not in forests. Scientists saw it between 1300 and 2160 meters above sea level.

Scientists saw this frog in Parque Nacional Natural Las Orquídeas. They think it could also live in Parque Nacional Natural Paramillo.

## Young
Scientists saw tadpoles swimming in small pools of water. They saw the tadpoles swimming in footprints.

## Danger
Scientists say this frog is in danger of dying out. They think it can live in places that human beings have changed a little but not in places that human beings have changed a lot. The frog is in danger because people cut down forests where it lives to make farms, make places for animals to eat grass, and to dig for gold even though digging for gold in these places is against Colombia's laws. People even cut down trees in Parque Nacional Natural Las Orquídeas.

Scientists do not know whether the fungal disease chytridiomycosis is killing this frog or not.

## References
Las Orquídeas National Natural Park

**Las Orquídeas National Natural Park** (Spanish: ***Parque Nacional Natural Las Orquídeas*** or ***PNN Las Orquídeas***) is a national park in the Cordillera Occidental (west ridge mountains) in Colombia. It became a park in 1974. It is  in size.

## References
Eleanor Roosevelt High School

**Eleanor Roosevelt High School** is a high school in Manhattan in New York City. Eleanor Roosevelt High School is made up with about 33 teachers and about 500 students from about 40 countries. The graduation rate of the school is 99% and 100% of the school has taken at least 1 AP exam.  The school offers clubs such as the GSA Club and the  Tech Club.

## References
Rainier I of Monaco, Lord of Cagnes

**Rainier I of Monaco** (1267–1314) was the first sovereign Grimaldi ruler of the area now known as Monaco. He also held the title of *Lord of Cagnes*. Cagnes was the town where in 1309 he established a stronghold, today known as the  Château Grimaldi Additionally, he was Baron of San Demetrio (Kingdom of Naples). He was the eldest of the three sons of Lanfranco Grimaldi, French Vicar of Provence, by his wife, Aurelia del Carretto (who later remarried her husband's cousin, François Grimaldi).

In 1304, he was appointed Admiral of France after winning the Battle of Zierikzee.

He married twice: firstly, Salvatica del Carretto, daughter of Giacomo del Carretto, Margrave of Finale. They had four children:

* Charles I, his successor.
* Vinciguerra, who married Costanza Ruffa.
* Salvaggia, who married Gabriele Vento.
* Luca, Lord of Villefranche; married firstly Tedise, daughter of Daniel Cybo, and secondly Caterina Caracciolo.

Secondly, Rainier I married Andriola Grillo. This marriage was childless.
## References
NA-100 Faisalabad-VI

**NA-100 Faisalabad-VI** () is a constituency for the National Assembly of Pakistan.

## Members of Parliament
### 2018–2023: NA-106 Faisalabad-VI
### 2024–present: NA-100 Faisalabad-VI 
## Election 2002 
General elections were held on 10 Oct 2002. Nisar Ahmad Jutt of Pakistan Peoples Party Parliamentarian (PPPP) won by 58,855 votes.

## Election 2008 
General elections were held on 18 Feb 2008. Chaudhry Saeed Iqbal of Pakistan Peoples Party Parliamentarian (PPPP) won by 65,322 votes.

## Election 2013 
General elections were held on 11 May 2013. Nisar Ahmad Jutt of PML-N won by 122,041 votes and became the  member of National Assembly.

## Election 2018 
General elections were held on 25 July 2018.

## Election 2024 
General elections were held on 8 February 2024. Nisar Ahmad Jutt won the election with 131,980 votes.

## Related pages
*NA-99 Faisalabad-V
*NA-101 Faisalabad-VII

## Notes 

## References 
## Other websites
* Election result's official website
Constantin Brâncuși

Constantin Brâncuși (19 February 1876-16 March 1957) was a Romanian sculptor, photographer and painter. He is known not just for his contributions to Romanian art, but is also known for his international contribution to the renewal of the visual art of sculpture.

## Early Life
Constantin Brâncuși was born on 19 February 1876 in Hobița, Kingdom of Romania as the youngest child of Nicolae Radu Brâncuși (1833-1885) and Maria Deaconescu (1851-1919), both of whom were peasents who worked hard and earned a meager living. As a child he was passionate about carving wooden farm tools. His childhood was marked by running away from home. 

## Studies
In 1894, Brâncuși was enrolled into the Craiova school of Arts and Crafts by an industrialist who was impressed by his work and graduated in 1898. He continued his studies, enrolling himself in the Bucharest School of Fine Arts (now the Bucharest National University of Arts), graduating in 1902. In 1897 he makes his first artwork, the bust of Gheorghe Chițu. After graduating, Brâncuși starts his journey to go to Paris on foot in 1903, stopping in Vienna and Munich throughout the way. In 1905, upon reaching Paris he gets accepted into the École des Beaux-Arts, where he meets other artists such as Amadeo Modigliani and Marcel Duchamp. In 1906, because he reached the limit of 30 years old, Brâncuși leaves the École des Beaux-Arts. Brâncuși is also given the opportunity to work at the workshop of Auguste Rodin, but refuses, stating "Nothing grows under the shadow of great trees."

## Career
He rented his worwshop in Rue, in 1907, and he created the first version of one of his most famous sculptures, "The Kiss". In 1910 he made another one of his most famous sculptures, "The Sleeping Muse". Brâncuși began to be recognized in places like the United States, France and his home country of Romania, being patroned by American art collector John Quinn.

## Some of his works
", a sculpture]]

* *Bust of a boy* (1906)
* *The Prayer* (1907)
* *La Sagesse de la Terre* (1908)
* *Sleeping Muse* (1910), Metropolitan Museum of Art
* *Prometheus* (1911)
* *Mademoiselle Pogany* (1912), Philadelphia Museum of Art
* *Miss Pogany* (1913,) drawing, the Botarro Collection
* *The Kiss* (1916), Philadelphia Museum of Art
* *Princess X* (1916),
* *Madame L.R.* (1914–1918)
* *A Muse* (1917)
* *Chimera* (1918)
* *Eileen Lane* (1922), the Botarro Collection
* *Bird in Space* (1924), Philadelphia Museum of Art
* *Portrait of Nancy Cunard* (also called *Sophisticated Young Lady*) (1925–1927)
* *Le Poisson* (1926)
* *Portrait of James Joyce*, for *Tales Told of Shem and Shaun* (Black Sun Press, Paris, 1929)
* *Le Coq* (1935)
* Sculptural Ensemble of Constantin Brâncuși at Târgu Jiu (Endless Column) (1935)
* *Blonde Negress I* (1926), Toledo Museum of Art
* *White Negress II* (1928), Art Institute of Chicago

File:'Fish' by Constantin Brâncusi, Tate Modern.JPG|Brancusi *Fish* Tate Modern Collection

## Sources
Vizzini

**Vizzini** is a town and comune in the Metropolitan City of Catania, on the island of Sicily, in southern Italy.

## History
The area has been settled since the Bronze Age. Then came the Greeks and Romans.  In those days, it was called Bidis.  Later, the Byzantines and then the Arabs ruled it.  In 1693, a strong earthquake hit the town. 

## Demographics
In 2022, the population was 5,717.  It has been declining for at least two decades. 

## Economy
Vizzini is well-known for its cheese production. Ricotta cheese is the best-known product of the town. Livestock raising and tourism are also significant in the economy. 

## Festivals
* Festival of ricotta and cheese in Vizzini 

* Feast of the Madonna dei Campi in Vizzini

## Famous people
* Giovani Verga, the father of Italian realism was born in Vizzini. 

## Archaeology
Archaeological research has uncovered what is left of an upper-class Roman house near Vizzini.  The building has a mosaic floor from the 2nd-4th centuries A.D. 

## References
Meitei clothing in Myanmar

Meitei ethnicity (also known as Manipuris) in Myanmar have two main ways of dressing.

## Men's clothing 
When Meitei men go out, they wear a longyi. Men sometimes cover their heads with a cloth and tie a knot on the left side.

In Myanmar, silk fabrics are divided into four types:
# A rainbow-like design.
# A rainbow-like design placed upside down next to each other, with the middle connected by a hook. This middle design comes from the khoi-mayek pattern, which has been used since ancient times in Manipur. It was first used on the borders of phanek (sarongs) during King Yanglou Keiphaba’s reign (969-984) and has also been used in jewelry.

Achiek is woven horizontally with flower designs like orchids, roses, and jasmines on the top and bottom. During King Mindon’s reign, achiek had designs of flower vases and orchids. The Meiteis have been weaving for 230 years, and over time, new designs were added to achiek on all sides.
Old designs used on sarong borders and other Meitei products are no longer used.

When Meitei women moved to Myanmar, they brought their textile skills, beauty ideas, and concepts, which are reflected in achiek. The smallest area of achiek is 2 cm, and the biggest is 11 cm.

Achiek is made by repeating designs next to each other. The layers, colors, and spaces follow odd numbers. This tradition still continues today. Odd numbers stand for life, while even numbers stand for death. Using odd numbers is believed to bring long life and good health.
Meitei weavers follow a color tradition. For example, if red is used, yellow naturally comes next to it.

There are two types of achiek. The first type uses 8,533 yarns and is 1.12 meters wide. It uses 100 to 300 small boat-like pangatems, and two women weavers sit together to make it manually.

The second type uses 5,783 yarns (with silk yarn) and is 1.17 meters wide. The pangatem (shuttle) moves automatically when touched by hand.
### Production of achiek 
The production process has two steps:
# The weft threads for the design are connected by hand.
# An extra weft is added to make the design.
The second type does not produce many achiek. The underside of achiek is shown when used and is covered during weaving to protect it from dust. Both sides of the achiek look the same. The second type cannot create the lower design.

The warp is stretched at a 14° angle from the weaver's waist. For plain cloths, it is stretched at a 10° angle. Female weavers usually make handcrafted achiek, and male weavers use machines for achiek and other plain cloths.

## Related pages 
* Meitei festivals
* Meitei martial arts

## References 
## Other websites
Cläre Voss

**Cläre Voss** (born  1900s; fl. 1921-1927) was a German track and field athlete, competing in sprint events and the athletics triathlon. She was active during the 1920s, during the early era of women’s athletics in Germany. She was a member of Berliner SC and represented Germany at international competitions. In the 4 x 100 meters relay she was the world record holder. She was three times national champion.

## Biography
She won with the Berliner SC 4 x 100 meters relay team the bronze medal at the national championships in national champion in 1921, 1922 and 1923. The following three years, 1924, 1925 and 1926, she became with the team national champion and won again the bronze medal in 1927. She won two other bronze medals at the national championships in the athletics thriathlon in 1925 and 1927.

Together with teammates Lilli Henoch, Charlotte Köhler and Gerda Pöting she set an official world record in the 4 × 100 meter relay in Köln on 11 July 1926 with a time of 50.3 seconds.

She represented Germany internationaly, including at the 1926 Paris international women's athletics meeting. At this meeting she won with the German team the 4 x 100 metres relay event. According to some sources she also finished third in the 200 metres, however other sources stated it was Emmi Haux.

## References
Meitei clothing in Bangladesh

The traditional dresses worn by the Bangladeshi Meitei people (also known as Manipuris), reflect their culture and traditions, adapted to fit the local life in Bangladesh. The clothing includes special fabrics, designs, and accessories that are important to the Meitei tradition.

## Men's clothing 
Meitei men in villages typically wear a traditional loincloth called khudei at home.

Male Meitei elders who are Hindus remove their shirts and place them aside when attending community feasts and the annual sharada ceremony.

Textile products from different districts have unique textures and designs. Meitei women in Sylhet district use khwang-iyong (loin-loom), while women in other districts use pan-iyong (throw shuttle loom). Before Bangladesh's independence, Meitei women in Sylhet used back-strap leno weaving. In 1981, they started weaving chadar with uncoiled woolen thread from imported woolen clothes and later switched to two-ply woolen thread in 1997.

#### Technique of Khwang-iyong 
Two types of cloth are made using the khwang-iyong (loin-loom) technique in Bangladesh. The first is chadar, made from woolen thread or simple cotton yarn, and the second is made from rolled cotton. The technique can use up to 1600 warp yarns for weft-based designs. Only one cloth can be woven at a time. A chadar measures 2.23 meters in length and 0.83 meters in width, with 20 threads in the well and 11 threads in the warp for every 1.3 square cm.

# Karot mana
# Khuji
# Khuji-phaibok
# Kheiroithek
# Likli mayek
# Joho mayek
# Maloti lei mayek
# Joypuri mayek
# Nga maku or warol mil
# Ngakha mamit
# Moirang-thokpa
# Yensin mayek

Leno weaving typically uses a 60 cm wide weft. The tools used in leno and loin-loom weaving are similar, but samjet (reed) is used in leno weaving, while it is not used in loin-loom weaving. Yasmin Parveen Tibriji, the Deputy Commissioner of Bandarban district, gave three sarees and two jewelry boxes to the Prime Minister. This was the first time sarees using Meitei designs and banana plant fibers were made in Bangladesh.

Radhabati Devi, a Meitei designer from Moulavibazar, created the sarees with Meitei designs. Anjali Devi and Dutta Singh also made the other sarees given to the Prime Minister.

## Gallery 

Manipuri Rash Leela Festival.jpg
Being gopi is a prestigious honor in their society.jpg
The story of Manipuri folk dance.jpg
Three gopis posing for a picture.jpg

## Related pages 
* Meitei clothing in Myanmar
* Meitei monuments in Bangladesh

## References 
## Other websites
Deep sea

The **deep sea** is where the ocean becomes deeper. It is also the point of transition from continental shelves to slopes. Despite the extreme pressure, organisms called deep sea fish can survive there. For example, the anglerfish can produce its own light source called an esca.

Some animals can thrive by feeding on marine snow. In 1960, a bathyscaphe called *Trieste* went down to the bottom of the Mariana Trench, which is the deepest point on Earth. There aren't any plants at all in these depths, so all fish in the deep are carnivores.

## Organisms 
Some organisms can live in the deep sea, such as the gulper eel, lanternfish, anglerfish, and more. They have many adaptations that can help them survive in the harsh conditions.

## Characteristics 
### Sunlight 
Sunlight cannot reach the deep ocean, except parts of the mesopelagic zone.

### Pressure 
The pressure is many high, so many people can't survive.

## Exploration 
Exploration is very limited in the deep sea due to the extreme conditions.

## References
Chad Doreck

**Chad Joseph Doreck** (born November 19, 1978) is an American actor, voice actor, singer, and dancer. He is the voice of Crackle for Rice Krispies and the voice of the supporting role of Brad on the Nickelodeon series, *My Life as a Teenage Robot*. In 2007, he was one of the final 12 contestants on ''Grease: You're the One That I Want!*, a televised competition to choose the leads for the revival of *Grease'' by Kathleen Marshall.

## Filmography
### Film
### Television
### Video games
## Other websites
* 
* Grease: You're the One That I Want! from NBC.com
* Chad Doreck
Marine snow

**Marine snow** is a shower of detritus in the deep sea.

## Composition 
It is made up of biotic material, including dead animals, dung, protists, and other matter.

## References 
# Ivancic I, Paliaga P, Pfannkuchen M, Djakovac T, Najdek M, Steiner P, Korlevic M, Markovski M, Baricevic A, Tankovic MS, Herndl GJ (December 2018). . *FEMS Microbiology Ecology*.
Flo Rida discography

This is the discography of American rapper Flo Rida.

## Albums
### Studio albums
## Extended plays
## Singles
### As lead artist
### As featured artist
### Promotional singles
## Other charted songs
## Guest appearances
## Music videos
### As lead artist
### As featured artist
## Notes
## References
## Other websites
* 
* 
* 
*
Abortion in Nevada

In Nevada, abortion is legal up to 24 weeks of pregnancy. Nevada has rules that limit the use of public money for abortions. There is also a rule that says a parent or legal guardian must be told if a person under 18 years old wants to have an abortion. Most people in Nevada support abortion rights, including Republicans. 

## References
2024 Maryland Question 1

The **2024 Maryland Question 1** is a question that will appear on the ballot on November 5, 2024. If passed by voters, it would create a constitutional right to reproductive healthcare in Maryland.

The ballot measure reads as follows:

The proposed amendment confirms an individual's fundamental right to reproductive freedom, including but not limited to the ability to make and effectuate decisions to prevent, continue, or end the individual's pregnancy, and provides the State may not, directly or indirectly, deny, burden, or abridge the right unless justified by a compelling State interest achieved by the least restrictive means.

## References
Abortion in Wisconsin

Abortion has been legal in Wisconsin since September 18, 2023. It can be done in Madison, Milwaukee, and Sheboygan during the first 22 weeks of pregnancy. However, there is still some disagreement about abortion in Wisconsin after the U.S. Supreme Court overturned *Roe v. Wade* on June 24, 2022. Some people who are against abortion point to an old law from 1849. They say this law bans abortion unless the mother's life is in danger. However, some courts have said that this law only applies to killing a baby after birth, not abortion and courts are still deciding if this law can be enforced.

In a 2014 poll, 53% of people in Wisconsin said abortion should be legal in most or all cases, while 45% said it should be illegal in most or all cases.

Planned Parenthood of Wisconsin started doing abortions again in Madison and Milwaukee on September 18, 2023, and they plan to start in Sheboygan on December 28, 2023.

## References
Vasso Papandreou

**Vasso Papandreou** (; 9 December 1944 – 17 October 2024) was a Greek politician and economist. She was born in Aigio, Greece. She was a member of the PASOK political party.

In 1989, she became Greece's European Commissioner for Employment, industrial relations and social affairs under the Jacques Delors commission. 

She was elected to the Hellenic Parliament in the 1993. She was in parliament until 2012. She served in Costas Simitis government as Minister of Economic Development from 1996 to 1999, Minister of Interior from 1999 to 2001 and Minister for the Environment, Physical Planning and Public Works from 2001 to 2004.

Papandreou died on 17 October 2024 at her home in Chalandri, Greece from problems caused by dementia at the age of 79.

## References
Aquarius Tour

**Aquarius Tour** was a concert tour by American singer Tinashe. The tour strongly was about Tinashe's album, Aquarius, which released on October 7, 2014. The tour began on December 5, 2014 and ended March 17, 2015. The tour visited Europe, North America, Oceania, and Asia.

## Shows 
In total, there were 29 shows. 13 in Europe, 10 in North America, 5 in Oceania and 1 in Asia (specifically in the United Arab Emirates.)

## References
Teatro Tivoli

The **Teatro Tivoli** is a theatre on Avenida da Liberdade in Lisbon, Portugal. It also serves as a cinema. The theatre turned 100 years old in 2024 and is now called Teatro Tivoli BBVA because of sponsorship from Banco Bilbao Vizcaya Argentaria. It has 1,149 seats and has been recognized as a Monument of Public Interest since 2015.

## History 
The theatre was funded by Frederico de Lima Mayer, the son of Adolfo Lima Mayer, who gave his name to the nearby Parque Mayer. It was designed to host both plays and films. The architect was Raul Lino, a famous Lisbon architect. After four years of construction, it opened and was considered the best theatre in Portugal at the time.

## References
Formal organization

A **formal organization** is an organization with a set of rules of procedures. It is usually used with simple writing, with a language of rules that leave little confusion for understanding. This is because people need to understand the rules otherwise they might lose employees and possibly reduce the employee expectation.

Sociologist Max Weber designed a model of formal organization known as the "bureaucratic model" that is generally about the rationality of activities through procedures.  It is one of the most efficient models for organization.

In some organizations, the rules may be strictly followed, and if someone breaks that rule, they might get warned or fired; while others are be more lenient with it.

## Parts of formal organization 
### Stability 
An important part of a formal organization is its stability. Therefore, the formal organization grows and expands with time.

### Work Division 
The structure of the formal organization is based on jobs to be performed by the person, and not the other way around. Roles are hierarchical, which means there are people of higher power than a certain role or there are people of lower power than a certain role. Work is assigned to people on the basis of understanding and capability.

## References
Swiss Hitparade

The **Swiss Hitparade** (German: Schweizer Hitparade) is Switzerland's main music sales charts. The charts are a record of the highest-selling albums in various styles of music in Switzerland.

## List of Swiss charts 
*Singles Top 75
*Singles Top 100
*Albums Top 100
*Compilations Top 25
*Airplay Top 30

## Updates 
The charts are updated weekly on Sundays.
Killing of Ayman al-Zawahiri

Ayman al-Zawahiri, the second leader of the Islamist group al-Qaeda, was killed in Afghanistan on July 31, 2022.

The strike came nearly a year after the conclusion of the War in Afghanistan. U.S. officials called al-Zawahiri's presence in Afghanistan a violation of the agreement for the withdrawal of American forces from the country, under which the Taliban would not allow al-Qaeda members any sanctuary. Following the strike, members of the Haqqani network tried to cover up al-Zawahiri's death, although the U.S. was able to confirm it. In response to the strike, Biden released a statement announcing al-Zawahiri's death, calling it a "deliverance of justice".

## References
Toxicity (album)

***Toxicity*** is the second studio album by System of a Down. The album was released on September 4, 2001.

## Track listing
## References
Flag of Słubice

The **flag of Słubice** () has three horizontal stripes, the big strip is red and two small strips white with the coat of arms of Słubice. It was adopted in 1998.

## Design and symbolism
The meaning of the colors of the flag are as follows:

## References
List of Honda automobiles

Honda Accord 

Honda Civic 

Honda Crosstour 

Honda CR-V 

Honda CR-Z

Honda Element 

Honda Fit 

Honda FCX Clarity 

Honda Insight

Honda Odyssey 

Honda Pilot 

Honda Ridgeline
Allopurinol

**Allopurinol** (brand name  **Uricto** **Zyloric**, **Caplenal**, and **Zyloprim**) is a medication made for treating high blood uric acid. It does this by making the level of uric acid in the blood lower. When there is more uric acid in the body than at normal times, it is called hyperuricemia. 

Allopurinol was approved for medical use in the United States in 1966. 
It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. Allopurinol is available as a generic medication. before continuing. 

## Use
It is prescribed for preventing gout, preventing specific types of kidney stones, and for the high uric acid levels occurring with chemotherapy. 

It is taken orally (by mouth) or intravenously (injected into a vein). In some cases it is replaced with an alternative. Allopurinol is used alone as a drug to treat in these uses, or other conditions. In some cases it is used with other drugs in a combination therapy. How it is used and if there is risks for using it depends on the regular function as well as individual needs of the patient. 

## References
Hind Rajab

**Hind Rajab** ( 29 January 2024), was a five-year-old Palestinian girl (initially reported as having been six years old) and Gaza genocide victim was known for being the victim of a massacre and for the phone call she made to a Palestinian Red Crescent Society operator, when most of her family members were shot and murdered on , before her own eyes, by a Israel military tank, when they were attempting to flee Gaza city by car. An ambulance truck was dispatched to rescue Hind, but the truck was attacked by an Israeli tank, and everyone inside the truck was killed. At some point, most likely on the same day, her family was shot dead, Hind Rajab, temporarily survived for several hours or even a day by hiding in what was left of her car, was discovered and shot dead by Israeli soldiers.  Detailed investigation by Forensic architecture investigation on 'The Killing of Hind Rajab' mapped a total of 335 bullet holes on the body of the Kia car.

On , Palestinian officials discovered the bodies of a Palestinian family and members of an ambulance crew. They were positively identified as belonging to six-year-old Hind Rajab, her family and ambulance staff that came to rescue Hind.

She is one of the most high profile victims of the Gaza genocide. Her death gave rise to international condemnation.
2024 Arizona Proposition 139

**Arizona Proposition 139** is a change to the law that will be voted on November 5, 2024 in the state of Arizona. 

Abortion is currently legal in Arizona if a person is pregnant for 15 weeks.

Arizona Proposition 139 asks voters if they would like to have the right to abortion to be legal in the state after 15 weeks. More than 50% of voters in Arizona need to agree to this change for it to become a law.

## References
1923 France–Great Britain women's athletics match

The '''1923 France–Great Britain women's athletics match''' was an international women's athletics match where a national team of French athletes competed against a national team of British athletes. It took place on 23 September 1923 at Stade Pershing in Paris, France. 10 British and 14 French athletes (excluded reserves) competed in the match.

It was the second international match between France and Great Britain with the 1921 France–Great Britain women's athletics match.

Great Britain broke two world records in the relay and 250 metre and France broke the world record in the shot put. Great Britain also ran in the 100 yards the same time as the world record and was a new British record. Next to these results France ran a national record in the 250 metres and in the relay and Great Britain ran a national record in the 1000 metres.

## Overall classification 
## References
Marfa lights

The **Marfa lights**, are a light phenomenon regularly observed near Marfa, Texas.

## History 
The earliest documented sighting of the Marfa lights dates back to 1883 by a young cowboy, Robert Reed Ellison. The lights were then reported by Joe and Anne Humphrey in 1885. Cornet published an account in 1957. Elton Miles' *Tale of the Big Bends* told stories of them, in 1976. 

## Appearance 
Some describe them as spheres that glow and flicker with unusual movement. Others describe them as celestial-like objects that appear suddenly that blinks, bobs, and sometimes changes brightness.

## Explaations 
Some have suggested explanations linking the phenomenon to reflections of campfires or car headlights in nearby areas, but the true nature of their appearance has not been conclusively determined.

## References
Marguerite Chansardon

**Marguerite Chansardon** (5 August 1900 - 13 January 1991) was a French track and field athlete during the 1920s and 1930s, during the early era of women's athletics. She was specialized in hurdles but also competed in other events. She was a member of Fémina Sport and represented France at international comptitions. 

## Biography
Chansardon was born on 5 August 1900 in the 14th departement of Paris. She became a member of Fémina Sport in Paris and stayed a member of the club during her whole career. She was specialized in the hurdles events, but also competed in the 60 metres and long jump. As a result she was selected to represent France at the 1923 Belgium–France women's athletics match in Brussels on 29 July where she finished fourth in the 83 metres hurdles. Eleven years later, after she won the bronze medal at the 1934 national championships in the 80 metres hurdles, she  competed in her last international competition at the 1934 France–Italy women's athletics match in Orléans. At this match she finished fourth in the 80 metres hurdles.

## References
Jeanne Collet

**Jeanne Collet** (4 July 1908 - 17 October 2001) was a French track and field athlete during the 1920s, during the early era of women's athletics. She competing in the sprinting events and in the high jump. She represented France at international comptitions. She was national record holder in the 250 metres and 4 x 220 yards relay and won several medals at national championships.

## Biography
Collet was born on 4 July 1908 in Oyonnax. She was until 1924 a member of CS Orge. From 1925 she was a member of Nova Fémina in Paris. She was specialized in the hurdles events, but also competed in the 60 metres and long jump. 

At the  she won the silver medal in the both the 80 metres and 250 metres behind Marguerite Radideau. She also won the silver medal in the high jump behind Marguerite Patouillet. She was selected to compete in the 83 metres hurdles event at the 1925 Belgium–France women's athletics match, but she didn't compete.

## References
Gladys Elliott

**Gladys Elliott** (born 3 January 1904) was a British track and field athlete during the 1920s, the early era of women's athletics. She was specialized in sprint events and in the long jump. She was world record holder in the 250 metres and in the 4 x 220 yards relay and represented Great Britain internationally.

## Biography
Gladys Elliott was born on 3 January 1904. Elliott was selected to represent Great Britain at the 1923 France–Great Britain women's athletics match. As a member of the national team in the 4 x 220 yards relay she improved to world record to 1:52.4. At this meeting she also won the long jump event with a distance of 4.665 metres. In this race they also broke the 4 x 200 metres world record with a time of 1:51.6+.

On 23 May 1924 she had a world record time in the 250 metres of 26.3 seconds at a race in Nottingham.

## References
Gladys Lane

**Gladys Ellen Lane** (born 9 March 1904) was a British track and field athlete during the 1920s, the early era of women's athletics. She was specialized in middle-distance but also competed in sprint events. She was the world record holder in the 800 metres and represented Great Britain internationally.

## Biography
Gladys Lane was born in Marylebone, London on 9 March 1904 to Ada Claressa Foxwell (1873-1937) and William George Lane (born 1870). 

At the national championships she won in the 880 yards the silver medal in 1923, 1925 and 1926; all three the times behind Edith Trickey.

Lane was selected to represent Great Britain at the 1923 France–Great Britain women's athletics match. In this meeting she finished second in the 1000 metres event behind Edith Trickey who ran a national record. She was also selected to represent Great Britain in the 880 yards event at the 1925 Great Britain–Czechoslovakia–Canada women's athletics match.

On 25 July 1925 she broke the world record in the 800 meters with a time of 2.24.8y at a race in London.

## References
George Porter

**George Porter** (6 December 1920 – 31 August 2002) was a British chemist. He was given the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1967.

Porter was born in Stainforth, near Thorne. Back when he was born, it was on the West Riding of Yorkshire. He studied at Thorne Grammar School and later went to University of Leeds. He got his PhD from the University of Cambridge in 1949 for researching free radicals produced by photochemical means.

## References
2024 New York Proposition 1

The **New York Equal Protection of Law Amendment** is a proposed change to the New York Constitution. People in New York State will vote on the amendment on November 5, 2024.

The amendment would constitutionally protect the right to abortion in New York. It does this by adding additional categories of protections to the constitution's Equal Protection Clause including "ethnicity, national origin, age, and disability, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity, gender expression, pregnancy, pregnancy outcomes, reproductive healthcare, and autonomy".

## References
Charlotte Köhler

**Charlotte Köhler** (born 1 July 1907) was a German track and field athlete, active during the 1920s, during the early era of women’s athletics in Germany. She was a member of Berliner SC and later Eintracht Frankfurt. In the 4 x 100 meters relay she was the world record holder. She was three times national champion.

## Biography
As a member of Berliner SC, Köhler had her main successes in the 4 x 100 metres relay. Next to the relay she also competed in the high jump, long jump and javelin throw.

She won with the Berliner SC 4 x 100 meters relay team the bronze medal at the national championships in national champion in 1921, 1922 and 1923. The following three years, 1924, 1925 and 1926, she became with the team national champion and won again the bronze medal in 1927. 

Together with teammates Lilli Henoch, Cläre Voss and Gerda Pöting she set an official world record in the 4 × 100 meter relay in Köln on 11 July 1926 with a time of 50.3 seconds. The team set before on 13 July 1924 already the German national record with a time of 51.6 seconds.

## References
Aci Catena

**Aci Catena** () is a *comune* in the Metropolitan City of Catania in the Sicily region in southern Italy.

## Twin towns 
*  Ceuta, Spain
*  Catenanuova, Italy
*  Campofiorito, Italy

## References 
## Other websites 
* Official website
Campofiorito

**Campofiorito** () is a *comune* (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Palermo in the Sicily region in Italy. It is about  south of Palermo.

Campofiorito is next to these following municipalities: Bisacquino, Contessa Entellina, Corleone.

## Twin towns 
Campofiorito is twinned with:
*  Aci Catena, Italy
*  Catenanuova, Italy

## References 
## Other websites 
* Official website
Mississippi (movie)

***Mississippi*** is a 1935 American romantic musical comedy movie directed by A. Edward Sutherland and is based on the novel *Magnolia* by Booth Tarkington. It stars Bing Crosby, W. C. Fields, Joan Bennett, Queenie Smith, Gail Patrick, Claude Gillingwater and was distributed by Paramount Pictures.

## Other websites 
* 
*
2024 Montana Initiative 128

**Initiative 128** is an abortion plan that was placed on the ballot in the state of Montana, United States on November 5, 2024. The scheme allows abortion before the baby can live independently once outside the mother. In cases where the mother's health is in danger, doctors are still able to perform an abortion after that point. Initiative 128 aims to provide protection for doctors and medical staff who are involved in the decisions to be made about the patient's pregnancy.

## Background 
In Montana, there have been many important court cases about abortion. In 1999, the Montana Supreme Court decided in a case called *Armstrong v State* that the right to privacy in the Montana Constitution includes the right to have an abortion before the fetus can live outside the womb. This means the state must have a very strong reason if it wants to limit that right.

In 2022, the United States Supreme Court made a ruling called ''Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization''. This decision ended the nationwide right to abortion and said that each state can make its own rules. After that, some Montana leaders, including Governor Greg Gianforte, asked the state Supreme Court to change its decision from 1999. They wanted the Montana Legislature to have more power to make abortion laws.

Even though the governor and others passed new laws to make abortion harder to get, including a law that banned abortion after 20 weeks of pregnancy, Montana courts said those laws were not allowed. In 2023 and 2025, the Montana Supreme Court said that the state constitution still protects the right to abortion because of the privacy rule.

In November 2024, the ballot measure called Initiative 128 was approved by 57.8% of Montana voters. It changed the state constitution to clearly say that people have the right to make decisions about their own pregnancy. This includes the right to have an abortion before the fetus is viable. The law also says the government cannot punish people who have, help with, or provide abortions.

## References
Châlonvillars

**Châlonvillars** is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Haute-Saône department in east France.

## References
Leucostethus dysprosium

***Leucostethus dysprosium*** is a frog.  It lives in Colombia.

Scientists do not know what this frog eats or how it lives. They saw it in exactly one place, and that place is a protected park: Parque Nacional de Las Orquídeas. Scientists saw them between 1300 and 1400 meters above sea level.

Scientists do not know much about the frog's tadpoles. They do not think the tadpoles swim in streams.

Scientists do not know if this frog is in danger of dying out.

## References
Paramillo Massif

The **Paramillo Massif** (*Nudo de Paramillo*) is a group of mountains in the Andes mountain range. They are in the northern end of the Cordillera Occidental (West Andes) mountains in Colombia.

## Geography
The Paramillo Massif is in Ituango and Peque in Antioquia Department and in Puerto Libertador and Tierralta in Córdoba Department.

The places around the massif are Chigorodó, Mutatá, Tarazá, Cáceres, and Caucasia in Antioquia.

People can see other big mountains from the massif. These mountains are in the Sierra Nevada, and Pico Simón Bolívar 5,700 m (18,700 ft) is one of them. Pico Simón Bolívar is about 500 km (310 mi) away. This could be the longest distance people can seen between any two places on the surface of the Earth.

### Subranges
There are three smaller groups of mountains in this group:
*The Abibe Mountains (*Serranía de Abibe*) act like a wall between the Antioquia Department and Córdoba Department. 
*The San Jerónimo Mountains (*Serranía de San Jerónimo*) are between the places where water flows into the San Jorge River or into the Sinú River. 
*The Ayapel Mountains (*Serranía de Ayapel*) are between the places where water flows into the San Jorge River or Cauca Rivers. They also act like a wall between Antioquia and Córdoba Departments.

### Paramillo Natural National Park
Most of the massif is inside **Paramillo Natural National Park**. The park is from the massif to the lowlands of the Caribbean Plain. The park has Tropical Andes places for living things to live, for example páramo grasslands and mountain forests.

This is one of two places where the bird Paramillo tapaculo (*Scytalopus canus*) lives.

The spectacled bear (*Tremarctos ornatus*) lives in the massif.

## References
Radmila Živković

**Radmila Živković** (; 14 January 1953 – 20 September 2024) was a Serbian movie, theatre and television actress. She appeared in more than seventy movies from 1969 until her death. She was born in Kruševac, PR Serbia.

Živković was known for her roles in *Zona Zamfirova*, *Shadows of Memories*, *Kuduz*, *The Meeting Point*, *Variola Vera* and *Special Treatment*.

Živković died on 20 September 2024 in Belgrade at the age of 71.

## References 
## Other websites 
*
1956 Ballon d'Or

The '''1956 Ballon d'Or''' was the first Ballon d'Or awarded. The award was to the best football player in Europe, and was chosen by a panel of journalists from countries in UEFA. The award was won by Blackpool winger Stanley Matthews.

## Rankings
## Notes
## References
## Other websites
* *France Football* Official Ballon d'Or page
Kruševac

**Kruševac** () is a city and the administrative center of the Rasina District in central Serbia. It is on the river Rasina. According to the 2022 census, the city has 113,582 people lived there. 68,119 people lived in the administrative area.

## References
Alexander Dennis Enviro200 MMC

The **Alexander Dennis Enviro200 MMC** (short for *Major Model Change*) is a single-decker bus. It has a low floor. It has been made from 2014 to the present day. It is built by Alexander Dennis.

## Enviro200 MMC 
From 2014

The Enviro200 MMC has different lengths, the lengths are; 8.9 metres, 9.7 metres, In 2018, It replaced the Enviro200.

### Gallery 

File:Plymouth Citybus 2012 WK18BUU (50628303578).jpg|Plymouth Citybus short Enviro200 MMC in 2020
File:DXE 30286 at Morden Station.jpg|RATP Group London Enviro200 MMC with double doors (doors in the middle) in London in 2024
File:Exeter Bampfylde Street - Stagecoach 37440 (SN16ORX) rear.JPG|Stagecoach South West Enviro200 MMC rear in 2019
File:2501 NWFB 63 03-09-2018.jpg|New World First Bus Enviro200 MMC with air-conditioning in Hong Kong in 2018
File:Enviro200-BusExpo2016-P1390377 (30138343813).jpg|Trentbarton Enviro200 MMC at the Euro Bus Expo in 2016

## Enviro200 XLB 
In 2017, Alexander Dennis made a 3-axle bus called the Enviro200 XLB,

### Gallery 

File:RT1098.jpg|Ritchies Transport Enviro200XLB at Constellation bus station in 2017
File:Auckland School Bus 075.jpg|Ritchies Transport Enviro200XLB in November 2023

## Enviro200AV 
From 2019 to the present day, Alexander Dennis makes a driverless bus called the Enviro200AV 

In 2019, It did tasks such as driving to the bus washing station, It starts from Ferrytoll and ends at Edinburgh Park station. The bus has  'safety drivers' who are in the drivers cab, they monitor the driverless technology and can still control the bus. The bus also has 'bus captains', they help passengers getting on and off the bus.

### Gallery 

File:Stagecoach autonomous E200 MMC trial.jpg|Stagecoach Manchester Enviro200AV in 2019
File:Stagecoach Autonomous Bus (62003, YX69 NUP) at Edinburgh Park.jpg|Stagecoach East Scotland Enviro200AV at Edinburgh Park in 2023
File:Stagecoach - Autonomous Bus - Jun 13, 2022.jpg|Stagecoach East Scotland Enviro200AV rear prototype at Edinburgh Park in 2022

## References 
## Other websites 
*Enviro200 MMC online product description
2024 Nevada question 6

**Nevada Question 6** is a plan to change the law in Nevada to protect the right to an abortion. 

This new law would allow people to get an abortion until a baby can survive outside the womb, which is usually around 23 or 24 weeks. 

It also lets doctors help if the pregnant person’s life or health is in danger. People in Nevada voted on this law change in the election on November 5, 2024.

The law change was approved by 64% of  people who could voted in the November 5th election, which means that the right to abortion is protected Nevada. Voters will need to vote again on November 3, 2026.

## References
Abortion in Michigan

**Abortion in Michigan** is allowed at any time during a pregnancy. In 2022, a new law called Michigan Proposal 22–3 was passed by voters. This law makes it clear that people have the right to get an abortion and use birth control, and it was added to the state Constitution. The law means that Michigan cannot create rules to limit abortions before a baby can survive outside the womb, unless those rules are for the person's safety.

Before this, a law (Section 750.14) from 1931 made most abortions illegal, but a judge said that law was not valid anymore because of the new amendment. This old law was officially removed on April 5, 2023.

## References
Annalisa

**Annalisa Scarrone** (born 5 August 1985), also known as **Annalisa** or **Nali**, is an Italian singer-songwriter and record producer. Annalisa has been in the Sanremo Music Festival many times. She has gotten many awards for her songwriting and music. An asteroid was named after her in 2024.

## Early  life 
Scarrone grew up in Carcare. When she was thirteen, she was a bartender and musician. Scarrone went to the University of Turin. She graduated with a degree in physics in 2009.

## Music career 
### 2011–2013: *Nali, Mentre tutto cambia* and *Non so ballare* 
 in 2012]]
In 2011, Annalisa was in the Italian talent show *Amici di Maria De Filippi.* She was in second place. 

In March 2011, her first album was let out. It was called *Nali.* It reached number two in the Italian album chart.  *Nali* was given platinum. 

Annalisa made her first single. It was called  "Diamante lei e luce lui". It reached number nine in the Italian single chart in 2012. It was given gold. 

Her second single, "Giorno per giorno" was released on 27 May 2011.

In 2013, she was in the Sanremo Music Festival and was ninth place. She sang the single "Scintille".  

She later showed for Italy at *International Song Contest: The Global Sound* with "Scintille". 

### 2014–2016: *Splende* and *Se avessi un cuore* 
On April 1, 2014, Annalisa was on *Incredibile.* 

On April 14, 2014, it was said that the single "Sento solo il presente" would make the let out of her next studio album. 

"Sento solo il presente" was let out in Italy on May 5, 2014. It reached seventh place in the Italian single chart.On December 14, 2014, Annalisa was in the Sanremo Music Festival 2015. She sang the song "Una finestra tra le stelle". She was fourth place.

Annalisa was at the Sanremo Musical Festival 2016. She sang "Il diluvio universale". She was eleventh place.

### 2017–2021: *Bye Bye* and *Nuda* 
On August 30, 2017, Annalisa said she was working on her next album. 

On February 16, 2018, she let out the album *Bye Bye*. The album was at number two of FIMI's chart. 

Annalisa took part at the Sanremo Music Festival for the fourth time. The song was number three on the Italian singles chart.

On April 13, 2020, she let out "Houseparty".

On May 28, 2021 "Movimento lento" was let out. The song was at number eight on the FIMI Singles Chart.

### 2022–present: *E poi siamo finiti nel vortice* 
On March 31, 2023, Annalisa let out the single "Mon amour". 

On May 25, 2023, Annalisa let out the single "Disco Paradise". "Disco Paradise" was number three on the Italian singles chart.

On 4 September 2023, Annalisa announced the album's third single, "Ragazza sola", would be released on 8 September 2023. The song was at number twenty-four on the Italian singles chart. It was given platinum in Italy. The album was given platinum. 

Annalisa was in the Sanremo Music Festival 2024. She sang the song "Sinceramente". She was third place. "*Sinceramente*" was number two on the Italian singles chart.

## Filmography 
### Television 
### Film 
## References
Alexandria... Why?

***Alexandria... Why?*** (, translit.&nbsp;Iskanderija... lih?) is a 1979 Egyptian drama movie directed by Youssef Chahine and starring Naglaa Fathi, Ahmed Zaki, Farid Shawqi, Mahmoud El-Meliguy, Ezzat El Alaili, Youssef Wahbi.

## Other websites 
*
Al Qadisiyya

***Al Qadisiyya*** is a 1981 Egyptian Iraqi drama movie directed by Salah Abu Seif and starring Soad Hosny, Ezzat El Alaili, Shetha Salim, Laila Taher, Mohamed Hassan Al Joundi.

## Other websites 
*
People on the Top

***People on the Top*** (, translit. Ahl el qema) is a 1981 Egyptian drama movie directed by Ali Badrakhan and is based on a story by Naguib Mahfouz. It stars Soad Hosny, Nour El-Sherif, Ezzat El Alaili and Mahmoud El-Qalaawy.

## Other websites 
*
Alok (DJ)

**Alok Achkar Peres Petrillo** (; born 26 August 1991) is a Brazilian musician, DJ, and record producer. He is known for his single "Hear Me Now", which was released on 21 October 2016. In 2021 and 2022, Alok ranked at number 4 on *DJ Mag* Top 100 DJs.

## References 
## Other websites 
*
Oberpullendorf

**Oberpullendorf** is a town in the Austrian state of Burgenland. It is the administrative center of the Oberpullendorf District.

## References 
## Other websites 
* 
* Official website of Oberpullendorf