open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Deputy Prime Minister of Finland

The **Deputy Prime Minister of Finland** (, ,  ''Finland's Prime Minister's Substitute''), officially titled the **Minister deputising for the Prime Minister**, is a member of the Finnish Government who becomes the acting Prime Minister. They have usually been the Minister of Finance as well.

The current Deputy Prime Minister of Finland is Annika Saarikko.

## References
Socialist Republic of Montenegro

The **Socialist Republic of Montenegro** ( / Социјалистичка Република Црна Гора), also known as **Socialist Montenegro** or simply **Montenegro**, was one of the six republics forming the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia and the nation state of the Montenegrins. It is modern-day Montenegro.
Its capital was Titograd, which after drafting new constitution in 1992 was renamed to Podgorica.

## References
Katri Kulmuni

**Katri Briitta Ilona Kulmuni** (born 4 September 1987) is a Finnish politician. She was the leader of the Centre Party of Finland and Deputy Prime Minister of Finland from 2019 until 2020.

## References
Social Democratic Party of Finland

The **Social Democratic Party of Finland** (**SDP**,  ; ), shortened to the **Social Democrats** (; ) and also known in Finnish as **Demarit** (), is a social-democratic political party in Finland. It is currently the third-largest party in the Parliament of Finland with 43 seats.

## List of party leaders
## Notes
## References
Selfie (2022 movie)

***Selfie*** is a 2022 Indian Tamil-language action thriller film directed by Mathi Maran and produced by DG Film Company. The film stars G. V. Prakash Kumar and Gautham Vasudev Menon with a supporting cast including Varsha Bollamma, Vidya Pradeep, Vagai Chandrasekhar, Sangili Murugan and Subramaniam Siva. The film's music is composed by G. V. Prakash Kumar himself and the cinematographer of it is Vishnu Rangasamy and editing done by S. Elayaraja. The film was released in theatres on 1 April 2022.

## Plot
Kanal (G. V. Prakash Kumar) is a hot-headed engineering student at a low-level college. He holds a grudge against his overbearing father who forced him to study engineering just for the sake of prestige when he actually wanted to pursue something business related. When he finds out that his father paid a bribe through a college admission brocket to get him a place at the college, he becomes determined to investigate it further. He quickly finds out that the underground college admissions racket in Chennai is both a thriving business and an open secret. When a distant relative of a close friend approaches Kanal and his gang for help to get his son a place at a prestigious medical college in the city, they go all out to prove themselves worthy. However, after securing the place, the client pulls out and demands his money back. When Nazir, Kanal's best friend refuses to cooperate, things get out of hand. The client approaches Ravi Varma (Gautham Vasudev Menon), the most powerful college admission broker in the city whose name Kanal's gang used to secure the position in the first place. Consequently, gangsters and loan sharks start harassing not only Kanal and his friends, but even their families. Nazir eventually makes a decision that will change Kanal and all their friends' lives forever.

## Cast 
* G. V. Prakash Kumar as Kanal
* Gautham Vasudev Menon as Ravi Varma
* Varsha Bollamma as Madhavi
* Vidya Pradeep as Ravi Varma's wife, Mona
* Vagai Chandrasekhar as Kanal's father
* Sangili Murugan
* Subramaniam Siva
* DG Gunanidhi
* Sam Paul
* Sreeja Ravi as Nazir's mother
* Thangadurai
* Armaan
* Raj Priyan

## References
Annika Saarikko

**Annika Virpi Irene Saarikko** (born 10 November 1983) is a Finnish politician and minister. On 5 September 2020, she was elected as the leader of the Finnish Centre Party. In 2020, she became the Deputy Prime Minister of Finland.

## References
2022 FIFA World Cup Group H

**Group H of the 2022 FIFA World Cup** will be from 24 November to 2 December 2022. The teams in the group are Portugal, Ghana, Uruguay and South Korea. The top two teams will go to the round of 16.

## Teams
**Notes**

## Standings
In the round of 16:
* The winners of Group H will play the runners-up of Group G.
* The runners-up of Group H will play the winners of Group G.

## Matches
All times listed are local, AST (UTC+3).

### Uruguay vs South Korea

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### Portugal vs Ghana

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### South Korea vs Ghana

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### Portugal vs Uruguay

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### Ghana vs Uruguay

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### South Korea vs Portugal

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## Discipline
Fair play points will be used as tiebreakers if the teams are tied after the overall and head-to-head rules. These points are based on yellow and red cards given to a team. The points are:
*first yellow card: minus 1 point;
*indirect red card (second yellow card): minus 3 points;
*direct red card: minus 4 points;
*yellow card and direct red card: minus 5 points;

## Notes
## References
## Other websites
*
LGBT parenting

**LGBT parenting** is about lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) people raising one or more children as parents or foster care parents. This includes: children raised by same-sex couples, children raised by single LGBT parents, and children raised by an opposite-sex couple where at least one partner is LGBT. 

This has been controversial since some critics believe that children raised with LGBT parents might develop mental issues; however this is not scientifically proven.

## References
Melilla Airport

**Melilla Airport**  is an airport in Melilla, an exclave of Spain in Africa. The airport is located about  southwest of the city, near the border with Morocco. On March 24, 2014, the Spanish government announced that they will rename the airport after last Prime Minister of Spain Adolfo Suarez. 
## Infrastructure 
### Terminal 
The terminal has a total of 6 check-in counters, 3 boarding gates and 2 baggage reclaim carousels. It also has a Support Office for Passengers, Users and Clients / It is in charge of processing the suggestions of the passengers on the services and facilities of the airport. It also has claim forms from Aena Aeropuertos; Security control, passport control and a Melilla Turismo Stand in the arrivals area.

### Airfield 
* Control tower
* Runway 15/33: 1433 m
* Platform: 6 parking spaces.
* Helicopter Platform: 1 parking space
* Fire station

## Airlines and destinations
The following airlines operate regular scheduled and charter flights at Melilla Airport:

## Statistics
### Passenger figures
Number of passengers, operations and cargo since the year 2000:

### Busiest domestic destinations 
## Incidents and accidents 
* On 25 September 1998, PauknAir Flight 4101, a BAe 146, crashed into a hill on approach to Melilla killing all 38 occupants.

*On 17 January 2003, an Air Nostrum Fokker 50, operating for Iberia, overran the runway and broke apart. Nine people were injured but there were no fatalities.

## References
## Other websites
*Official site at Aena.es 
*
*
Nice Côte d'Azur Airport

'''Nice Côte d'Azur Airport'* ()  is an international airport located  southwest of Nice, in the Alpes-Maritimes *départment'' of France.

## References
Pacores

legend.]]
**Pacores** or **Pakores** (Greek: ΠΑΚΟΡΗϹ *Pakorēs*; Kharosthi: **𐨤𐨐𐨂𐨪** '**, **'; Aramaic:  pkwry) (100–135 AD) was a king. He ruled in the Indo-Parthian Kingdom in Arachosia from 100–130 AD. He ruled after Ubouzanes.  He minted many coins.

## References 
* Christine Fröhlich. "Indo-Parthian Dynasty." *Encyclopædia Iranica.*
Matías Novoa

**Matías Novoa** (born June 14, 1980 in Valparaíso, Chile) is a Chilean-Mexican Actor and Model, known for starring in several soap operas on TV Azteca.

## Filmography 
## References 
## Other websites 
*
Factor (social)

**Social factors** are characteristics of individuals or groups that affect thought or behavior in social contexts and influence outcomes. An example of social factors is attitudes.

## References
On Dangerous Ground

***On Dangerous Ground*** is a 1951 American spy crime drama movie directed by Nicholas Ray and was based on the 1945 novel *Mad with Much Heart* by Gerald Butler. It stars Ida Lupino, Robert Ryan, Ward Bond, Charles Kemper, Ian Wolfe, Ed Begley and was distributed by RKO Radio Pictures.

## Other websites
* 
* 
*
Karim Bagheri

**Karim Bagheri** (; born 20 February 1974) is an Iranian professional football coach and former player. He is an assistant coach for Persepolis and the Iran national team.

## Career statistics
### Club
### International
:''Scores and results list Iran's goal tally first, score column indicates score after each Bagheri goal.''

## Honours
**Persepolis**
* Iranian Football League: 1996–97, 2007–08
* Hazfi Cup: 2009–10, 2010–11

**Arminia Bielefeld**
* 2. Bundesliga: 1998–99

**Al-Sadd**
* Arab Club Champions Cup: 2001

**Iran**
*Asian Games Gold Medal: 1998

**Individual**
* Asian Player of the Month: July 1997
* Asian Goal of the Month: July 1997
*AFC Asian Cup Team of the Tournament: 2000
* Football Iran News & Events: Midfielder of the year (2007–08)
* Iran Football Federation Award: Player of the year (2007–08)

## References
## Other websites
* Karim Bagheri  at PersianLeague.com
* RSSSF archive of Karim Bagheri's international appearances and goals
*Official website : http://www.karimbagheri.com/
Micromonospora kangleipakensis

***Micromonospora kangleipakensis*** is a species of bacteria. It belongs to the genus *Micromonospora*. It belongs to the family *Micromonosporaceae*. It is named after "Kangleipak" (another name of Manipur). Its type strain is DSM 45612; JCM 17696; MBRL 34.

It is an aerobic bacteria. It can survive and grow in an oxygenated environment. It forms spores. It is mesolphilic in nature. It grows best in moderate temperature, neither too hot nor too cold. It is an actinobacterium.
It was isolated from a sample of limestone quarry in *Hungpung* region of Kangleipak (Manipur).

## Morphology 
*Micromonospora kangleipakensis DSM 45612* is positive in gram stain. It has cell width of 0.87 µm.

During the carbon source type of metabolite utilisation testing, metabolites like alanine, glutamate, leucine, mannose and serine are found.

## References 
## Bibliography 
* IJSEM list: Oren A, Garrity GM. Notification list. Notification that new names and new combinations have appeared in volume 63, part 12 of the IJSEM. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2014; 64:697-699. 
## Other websites 
*
Little Free Library

**Little Free Library** is a nonprofit organization that helps people share books. It usually does this by using public bookcases. The organization works to make books more available to many kinds of readers.

There are more than 90,000 Little Free Library locations registered with the organization. They are in 91 countries. Millions of books are exchanged each year through these libraries.

Little Free Library is based in Hudson, Wisconsin, United States. It is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization.

## History
 station]] 
The first Little Free Library was built in 2009 in Hudson, Wisconsin. It was built by Todd Bol. Bol put a wooden container on a post on his lawn and filled it with books. It was designed to look like a one-room schoolhouse. The library was to honor his mother. His mother was a school teacher who had recently died and she loved books. The Internal Revenue Service recognized Little Free Library as a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization later that year.

Bol originally wanted to create 2,510 Little Free Libraries. That is more than the number of libraries founded by Andrew Carnegie. The goal was met in 2012.

Little Free Libraries were also built in other countries. By November 2016, there were 50,000 registered Little Free Libraries in 85 countries. Margret Aldrich wrote *The Little Free Library Book* about them. In August 2019, there were more than 90,000 Little Free Libraries in 91 countries around the world.

## Legacy and honors
The Little Free Library nonprofit has been honored by the National Book Foundation, the Library of Congress, *Library Journal*, and others for its work promoting literacy and a love of reading.

## How it works 
]]
At a Little Free Library location, a person can take a book to read or leave one for someone else to find. Volunteers build, install, and take care of the boxes.

, showing an official Little Free Library sign]]
For a book exchange box to be registered and legally use the Little Free Library brand, the volunteer must do one of three things:
*Buy a finished box, or
*Buy the materials to make the box, or
*For a DIY box, get a sign which contains the "Little Free Library" text and official charter number

Registered Little Free Libraries can appear on the Little Free Library World Map. That map lists the libraries with GPS coordinates and other information.

There are Little Free Libraries in many shapes and sizes. Some are small, brightly painted wooden houses. One is a larger library that looks like Doctor Who's TARDIS.

## Related pages
*Public bookcase, for history and generic aspects of the practice

## References
## Other websites
* Official website
* Little Free Library World Map
*Sampling of creative LFL ideas shared on Pinterest including repurposed pay phone, newspaper boxes, file cabinets 
* Little Free Libraries Around Buffalo, NY: Mapped because most are not registered and don't appear on the official map
University of Tampere

The **University of Tampere** (**UTA**) (, ) was a public university in Tampere, Finland that was merged with Tampere University of Technology to create the new Tampere University on 1 January 2019.

## References
Sanabares

.]]
**Sanabares** (Greek: ϹΑΝΑΒΑΡΟΥ *Sanabarou*; 135-160 CE)  was an Indo-Parthian king. He was the last Indo-Parthian king to rule in Sakastan and south Arachosia.

## References 
## Sources 
* 
*
Engin Baytar

**Engin Baytar** (born 11 July 1983) is a Turkish professional footballer who plays as a winger.

## Career statistics
.

### Club
## Honours
;Trabzonspor
*Türkiye Kupası (1): 2009–10
*Süper Kupa (1): 2010

;Galatasaray
*Süper Lig (2): 2011–12, 2012–13
*Süper Kupa (1): 2012

;Individual
* 2009–10 Turkish Cup Final – Man of the Match

## References
## Other websites
* 
* 
*
Brian Behrendt

**Brian Behrendt** (born 24 October 1991) is a German professional footballer  who plays as a centre-back for 2. Bundesliga club Eintracht Braunschweig.

## Career
Behrendt started playing football with local clubs Bremervörder SC and TuS Heeslingen. In 2006, he joined the youth squad of Hamburger SV, but transferred to Rapid Wien at the age of 16 when his father moved to Austria for work. He advanced through the club's youth system and made his debut for the second team in a 3–0 win against SV Mattersburg II in Regional League East on 5 March 2010. He joined First League side SV Horn on loan in January 2013 for the rest of the 2012–13 season.

After returning to Rapid Wien, Behrendt made his first-team debut as an extra-time substitute in an Austrian Cup penalty shootout defeat to LASK Linz on 14 July 2013. He missed most of the 2014–15 season with a broken metatarsal, and he joined Arminia Bielefeld in July 2015.

In December 2020 it was announced Behrendt would move to Eintracht Braunschweig in January 2021, having agreed a contract until summer 2023.

## References
## Other websites
*
Johann Philipp Kirnberger

**Johann Philipp Kirnberger** (24 April 1721  27 July 1783) was a composer and music theorist. 

## Life 
Kirnberger was born on 24 April 1721 in Saalfeld. He learned to play the violin and harpsichord at his home. He learned to play the organ with J. P. Kellner. In 1739, he went to Leipzig. He studied music with Johann Sebastian Bach for two years. In 1741 he went to Poland, where he worked as a musician. He returned to Germany in 1751. That year, he became a violinist (somebody who plays the violin) in the Prussian court chapel. In 1758, he became the music director for Princess Anna Amalia of Prussia.

He worked as a composer and music teacher for Princess Anna. During this time, he started writing about music theory. Kirnberger died on 27 July 1783 in Berlin after a period of sickness.

## Writings 
Kirnberger was a famous music theorist. He wrote about counterpoint, music theory, tuning, and figured bass. However, he was not a good writer. He had to ask other people to help him write and edit his ideas. His writing is often confusing to read.

He created three musical temperaments. A musical temperament is how each note in an instrument is tuned. His first temperament is based on Pythagoras' temperament. His third temperament is often used to play baroque music. 

He created a way to write music using a pair of dice. This was published in  (English: "The polonaise and minuet composer who is always ready"). A pair of dice is thrown. Then, the numbers on the dice is used to search a bar of melody from a table. This bar is added to the music. There are 11^{32} minuets from Kirnberger's original table.

## References
Kesäranta

**Kesäranta** (lit. "summer shore", ) is the official residence of the Prime Minister of Finland. It is in the Helsinki neighborhood of Meilahti.

The residence is owned by the Finnish Government through Senate Properties. It has a prohibited airspace zone.

## References
2022 FIFA World Cup knockout stage

The **knockout stage of the 2022 FIFA World Cup** is the second and last stage of the tournament, which is after the group stage. It will start on 3 December with the round of 16 and will end on 18 December 2022 with the final match, in Lusail Iconic Stadium in Lusail. The top two teams from each group (sixteen in total) will advance to the knockout stage to play in a single-elimination tournament. A third place play-off will be played between the two losing teams of the semi-finals.

All times listed are local, AST (UTC+3).

## Format
In the knockout stage, if a match is tied at the end of 90 minutes of normal playing time, extra time will be played (two halves that are 15 minutes each). If it is still tied after extra time, the match will be decided by a penalty shoot-out.

## Qualified teams
The top two placed teams from each of the eight groups will qualify for the knockout stage.

## Bracket

## Round of 16
### Netherlands vs United States

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### Argentina vs Australia

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### France vs Poland

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### England vs Senegal

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### Japan vs Croatia

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### Brazil vs South Korea

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### Morocco vs Spain

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### Portugal vs Switzerland

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## Quarter-finals
### Croatia vs Brazil

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### Netherlands vs Argentina

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### Morocco vs Portugal

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### England vs France

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## Semi-finals
### Argentina vs Croatia

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### France vs Morocco

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## Third place play-off

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## Final
## Notes
## References
## Other websites
*
Hari Hara Veera Mallu

***Hari Hara Veera Mallu*** is an upcoming Indian Telugu-language period action-adventure movie that shows the life of legendary outlaw Veera Mallu. It is directed by Krish Jagarlamudi. The movie stars Pawan Kalyan in the title role. It also includes Nidhhi Agerwal, Bobby Deol and Nargis Fakhri. The story is set in the 17th century in the Mughal Empire. 

The movie began its production in September 2020. It was scheduled for release on 29 April 2022 in Telugu, Tamil, Malayalam and Hindi languages, but unfortunately, the movie was postponed due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The production also experienced delays because of Kalyan's other movies and political commitments. And the release date of this film was been postponing since 2023 to 2025

And after many postponements, the film released on 24th July 2025

## Premise
Set in the Mughal Era, outlaw Veera Mallu  must steal the Koh-i-Noor diamond from the Mughals.

## Cast
* Pawan Kalyan as Veera Mallu
* Nidhhi Agerwal as Panchami
* Bobby Deol as Aurangzeb
* Nargis Fakhri as Roshanara 
* Adithya Menon 
* Subhalekha Sudhakar

## References
Rodrigo Chaves Robles

**Rodrigo Alberto de Jesús Chaves Robles** (born 10 June 1961) is a Costa Rican politician. He is the 49th President of Costa Rica since 2022. Chaves was Minister of Finance during the presidency of Carlos Alvarado Quesada from 2019 until 2020. He was elected president in 2022, beating former president José María Figueres.

## References
José María Figueres

**José María Figueres Olsen** (born 24 December 1954) is a Costa Rican businessman and politician. He was President of Costa Rica from 1994 to 1998. He also ran for president in the 2022 but lost to Rodrigo Chaves Robles.

José María Figueres is the son of José Figueres Ferrer, who was a three-time President of Costa Rica. His mother, Karen Olsen Beck, an American social worker born to Danish immigrant parents, later adopted Costa Rican nationality.

## References
Radiodonta

**Radiodonta** is an extinct order of ancient arthropods that was successful during the Cambrian period. They can be called radiodonts and radiodontans along with other names.

Radiodonts are identified by distinct appendages on their faces, which are diverse and can do a lot of things. They were some of the earliest top predators, such as *Anomalocaris*, but some others, such as *Aegirocassis* were filter feeders, eating by filtering food out of the water around them.

## References
The Escapists 2

***The Escapists 2*** is a 2017 simulation strategy role playing video game. It is about escaping prisons. The game is a sequel to *The Escapists* (2015).

## References
Viola Desmond

**Viola Irene Desmond** (July 6, 1914 – February 7, 1965) was a civil rights activist in Canada.

In 1946 she went into a segregated part of a movie theatre and would not leave. Then she was charged with tax evasion because the seats cost one cent less there. This event turned into a very well-known example of discrimination. Desmond was born in 1914 and died in 1965. She was pardoned from the tax evasion charge in 2010. 

## References
Area code 705

**Area code 705** is an area code for Ontario. It was created in 1957 as a split from area codes 613 and 519. It was overlaid by 249 in 2011. That same area was overlaid by 683 on June 18, 2022.

## References
Far Cry (video game)

***Far Cry*** is a 2004 first-person shooter game made by Crytek and published by Ubisoft. It is the first game in the *Far Cry* franchise.
Asturleonese language

**Asturleonese** () is a Romance language spoken mainly in the autonomous communities of Asturias, northwestern León and Cantabria, and also in some parts of Portugal. Asturleonese is a dialect continuum, speakers of *Leonese*, *Cantabrian and* *Asturian* *(Mirandese* in Portugal) are mutually intelligible, meaning they can understand each other. Asturleonese has been classified by UNESCO as an endangered language, because it is being replaced by the Spanish language.

## References
Beast (2022 Indian movie)

***Beast*** is a 2022 Indian Tamil-language action comedy movie written and directed by Nelson and produced by Sun Pictures. The movie stars Vijay and Pooja Hegde in lead roles. Selvaraghavan, Yogi Babu, and Redin Kingsley play supporting roles. It revolves around an ex-RAW agent's crusade to rescue people held hostage in a shopping mall by terrorists.

## Production
The production rights of Vijay's 65th movie as lead actor were acquired by Sun Pictures in early January 2020. It was titled *Thalapathy 65*. The movie was set to be written and directed by AR Murugadoss. However, the producers ousted Murugadoss from the movie in October 2020, after he refused to cut his renumeration. Nelson was later hired and he wrote a new script for the movie.

## Schedule
With an official announcement during December 2020, the movie began principal photography in April 2021. It wrapped in December. The movie was shot across various locations in Chennai, including a specially designed set resembling that of a shopping mall where most of the movie was shot. Sporadic schedules took place in Delhi and Georgia. The music was composed by Anirudh Ravichander, cinematography was handled by Manoj Paramahamsa, editing by R. Nirmal and production design supervised by D. R. K. Kiran.

The movie was released in theaters on 13 April 2022. It received mixed reviews from critics and the audience.

## Cast
*Vijay as Veera Raghavan
*Pooja Hegde as Preethi
*Selvaraghavan as Althaf Hussain
*Shine Tom Chacko as a terrorist who sides with Veera
*Yogi Babu as Jill
*Redin Kingsley as Jack
*VTV Ganesh as Dominic Irudhayaraj
*Shaji Chen as the Home Minister
*Aparna Das as Aparna
*Sathish Krishnan as Ramachandran
*Lilliput as Umar Farooq
*Ankur Ajit Vikal as Umar Saif
*Prudhvi Raj as Veera's psychiatrist
*Sunil Reddy as Mahaali
*Shiva Arvind as Killi 
*Sujatha Babu as Aparna's mother
*Subbalakshmi as a hostage
*Gayathri Shan as a hostage
*Smruthi as a hostage
*Janani Durga as a hostage
*Madhuri Watts as a hostage
*Hasini Pavithra as a hostage
*Bjorn Surrao in a cameo appearance as a drummer in the song "Jolly O Gymkhana"

Additionally, director Nelson, music composer Anirudh and choreographer Jani appear in cameo appearances as themselves in the song "Jolly O Gymkhana".

## References
Knorr (brand)

**Knorr** (, ), is a German brand of soups and drinks, belonging to the Anglo-Dutch conglomerate since the 2000s Unilever, it was founded in 1838 by Carl Heinrich Theodor Knorr. Knorr headquarters are in Heilbronn, Germany. Previously products sold under the Lipton brand.

By 2000, the Knorr is available in ninety countries

The brand is engaged in the sale of dehydrated soups, soup mixes, condiments and bouillon cubes.

## References 
## Other websites 
*
Khodadad Rezakhani

**Khodadad Rezakhani** (Persian: خداداد رضاخانی,  born 1976) is an Iranian historian. He was an associate research scholar for the Sharmin and Bijan Mossavar-Rahmani Center for Iran and Persian Gulf Studies at Princeton University from 2016 to 2020. Rezakhani  is also the founder of the website Iranologie.com. It  a website that talks about the history of Iran since 1997.

## Publications 
### Books 
* *ReOrienting the Sasanians: East Iran in Late Antiquity* (Edinburgh University Press, 2017);
* *The Anonymous Syriac Chronicle Known as the Chronicle of Khuzistan (Rūydādnāme-ye Khūzestān)* (Hekmat-e Sina, 2016).
* (with Touraj Daryaee)*From Oxus to Euphrates: The World of Late Antique Iran* (H&S Media, 2016)
* (editor)*Excavating an Empire: Achaemenid Persia in Longue Durée* (with Touraj Daryaee and Ali Mousavi, Mazda Publishers, 2014)
* *Iranians on the Silk Road: Merchants, Kingdoms, and Religions* (with Matteo Compareti, 2010)

### Selected Articles 
#### Popular Media 
* Arab Conquests and Sasanian Iran (History Today)
* Reza Shah's Mummy, back from the dead, haunts Iranian politics (Ajam Media)

#### Academic Journals 
* the Road that Never Was: the Silk Road and Trans-Eurasian Exchange
* The Rebellion of Babak and the Historiography of Southern Caucasus.
* West Asia, 600-900
* From Miirosan to Khurasan: Huns, Alkhans, and the Creation of East Iran
* Markets for Land, Labour and Capital in Late Antique Iraq, AD 200-700 (with Michael Morony)
* Mazdakism, Manichaeism and Zoroastrianism: In search of orthodoxy and heterodoxy in late antique Iran
* Continuity and Change in Late Antique Irān: An Economic View of the Sasanians

## Other websites 
* Iranologie.com
* Khodadad Rezakhani's Academia Page

## References
Great Plains wolf

The **Great Plains wolf** (*Canis lupus nubilus*) is an extinct subspecies of grey wolf. It is also called the **buffalo wolf** or **loafer**. It once lived in the Great Plains. The subspecies was declared extinct in 1926.

## Taxonomy 
Thomas Say documented the Great Plains wolf in 1823. He was the first person to record "prairie wolves" (coyotes) and Great Plains wolves as different animals. He named it *Canis nubilus*. Say wrote that the Great Plains wolf was more fierce and powerful than the red wolf or coyote.

## Description 
The Great Plains wolf once lived in the Great Plains, from southern Manitoba and Saskatchewan to northern Texas.

The Great Plains wolf was described as a large wolf with light-colored fur. However, some of them had fur that was all white or all black. The body length is 1.7 m (5.6 ft). The average weight of a male was 100lb (45 kg). The heaviest one recorded was 150 lb (58kg). The Native Americans of North Dakota told stories about how only three of these wolves could bring down a bison.

There used to be many of these wolves living in the Great Plains. When the American bison was being killed, Great Plains wolves were also being poisoned and trapped for their pelts. Alexander Henry wrote that they were bold around humans, and fed on the dead bodies of bison. He recorded that Native Americans dug up wolf pups from their dens in the prairie. They also dug large pitfalls to capture wolves and foxes. Members of Henry's group dug up wolf pups and found them very tame and easy to train. In 1833, the explorer Maximilian of Wied-Neuwied recorded that these wolves were common in the upper part of Missouri. There, Native Americans had wolf pits and traded wolves to him for tobacco. He thought that the Native American's dogs were more dangerous to humans than the wolves.

In 1856, Lt. G. K. Warren studied Great Plains wolf skulls and found that some of them were not full-blooded wolves. There have been many stories about violent hybrid wolf-dogs. It is possible that the Great Plains wolf's tameness and lack of fear of humans might be because they were mixed with domestic dogs. In North Dakota, by 1875 sightings of the wolf became rare, and by 1877 they were almost all gone. In North Dakota, two were sighted in 1915 by Remington Kellogg. The last known wolf was shot in 1922. The Great Plains wolf was officially declared extinct in 1926.

## References
Max Grodénchik

**Michael "Max" Grodénchik** (born November 12, 1952) is an American stage, movie and television actor, best known for his role as Rom, a recurring character on the television series *Star Trek: Deep Space Nine*.
## Other websites
*
Boyd Hilton

**Andrew John Boyd Hilton** FBA (born 19 January 1944) is a British historian. He is a professor and fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge. He specialises in modern British history.
## References
Karol Divín

**Karol** "**Karcsi**" **Emil Divín** (born **Karol Finster**; 22 February 1936 – 6 April 2022) was a Hungarian-born Slovak-Czech figure skater who represented Czechoslovakia. He was the 1960 Olympic silver medalist. He also was a two-time European champion (1958–59), and a two-time World medalist. He was born in Budapest, Hungary.

Divín died on 6 April 2022 in Brno, Czech Republic at the age of 86.

## References
Rae Allen

**Raffaella Julia Theresa Abruzzo** (July 23, 1926 – April 6, 2022), professionally known as **Rae Allen**, was an American actress. She was born in New York City. Her career began in 1948. She won a Tony Award in 1971 for her stage performance in *And Miss Reardon Drinks a Little*.

Allen died at the age of 95 on April 6, 2022.

## References
## Other websites
*
Eric Boehlert

**Eric Boehlert** (December 6, 1965 – April 4, 2022) was an American media critic and writer. He founded Press Run. He was a staff writer for *Salon* for five years. He also was a contributing editor to *Rolling Stone* and as a staff writer at *Billboard*. 

Boehlert was killed on April 4, 2022, after being hit by a train in Montclair, New Jersey, while cycling at aged 57.

## References
Jerry Uelsmann

**Jerry N. Uelsmann** (June 11, 1934 – April 4, 2022) was an American photographer. He was known for his photomontage work. His works helped create the Adobe Photoshop to make surrealistic images. He won the Lucie Award in Fine Art in 2015. 

Uelsmann died on April 4, 2022 in Gainesville, Florida at the age of 87.

## References
Boris Brott

**Boris Brott**,  (March 14, 1944 – April 5, 2022) was a Canadian conductor and motivational speaker. He was one of the most well known Canadian conductors. He performed at Carnegie Hall and Covent Garden. Brott was the founder and artistic director of the National Academy Orchestra of Canada.

Brott was killed after being hit by a car while riding his bike in Hamilton, Ontario on April 5, 2022 at the age of 78.

## References
Joaquim Carvalho

**Joaquim da Silva Carvalho** (18 April 1937 – 5 April 2022) was a Portuguese footballer who played as a goalkeeper. He made six appearances for the Portugal national football team from 1965 until 1966.

Carvalho died on 5 April 2022, thirteen days before his 85th birthday.

## Honours
**Sporting CP**
*Primeira Liga: 1961–62, 1965–66, 1969–70
*UEFA Cup Winners' Cup: 1963–64

**Portugal**
*FIFA World Cup third place: 1966

## References
Graciela Giannettasio

**Graciela María Giannettasio de Saiegh** (20 October 1950 – 5 April 2022) was an Argentine politician. She was a member of the Justicialist Party. She was the Minister of Education during the interim presidency of Eduardo Duhalde from 2002 to 2003. She also was Vice Governor of Buenos Aires Province under Felipe Solá from 2003 to 2007.

From 2007 until 2015, Giannettasio was a National Deputy. She was born in Remedios de Escalada, Argentina.

Giannettasio died on 5 April 2022 in Buenos Aires, Argentina at the age of 71.

## References
Bjarni Tryggvason

**Bjarni Valdimar Tryggvason** (September 21, 1945 – April 5, 2022) was an Icelandic-born Canadian engineer and a NRC/CSA astronaut. He was a Payload Specialist on Space Shuttle mission STS-85 in 1997. It was a 12-day mission to study changes in the Earth's atmosphere. Tryggvason was born in Reykjavík, Iceland. He grew up in Vancouver, British Columbia.

Tryggvason died on April 5, 2022 at the age of 76.

## References
Raymond Lopez

**Raymond Anthony Lopez** (born May 26, 1978) is an American politician. He is a member of the Chicago City Council since 2015. He is a member of the Democratic Party. He is seen as a critic of Mayor Lori Lightfoot.

In April 2022, Lopez announced he would run for mayor in the 2023 election. No Chicago City Council member has ever been elected mayor, although two have been appointed to the office to fill vacancies. In November 2022, he dropped out of the race to focus on his re-election campaign for the city council.

Lopez is openly gay. 

## References
2023 Chicago mayoral election

An election for Mayor of Chicago was held on February 28, 2023. Since neither candidate achieved a majority of votes, a runoff election was held on April 4, 2023. Mayor Lori Lightfoot ran for a second term in office since there are no term limits for the office, however lost in the first round of the election, becoming the first one-term Chicago mayor in 40 years.

The runoff was between Paul Vallas, the former CEO of Chicago Public Schools, and Brandon Johnson, a member of the Cook County Board of Commissioners.

The election is officially non-partisan, with its winner being elected to a four-year term.

Brandon Johnson defeated Paul Vallas in the runoff election, winning 51% of the vote.

## Candidates
### Run-off candidates
* Brandon Johnson, Cook County commissioner for the 1st District since 2018
* Paul Vallas, former Chief Executive Officer of Chicago Public Schools, candidate for Governor in 2002, and candidate for Mayor in 2019

File:Brandon Johnson.jpg|
File:Paul Vallas 2023 (2).jpg|

### Candidates eliminated in the first round
* Kam Buckner, state representative since 2019
* Frederick Collins, CPD officer
* Chuy Garcia, U.S. Representative from Illinois's 4th congressional district since 2019 and runner-up for mayor in 2015
* Ja'Mal Green, marketing executive, community activist, and candidate for mayor in 2019
* Lori Lightfoot, incumbent Mayor since 2019
* Willie Wilson, businessman, candidate for mayor of Chicago in 2015 and 2019, for President of the United States in 2016, for United States Senator in 2020

File:State Representative Kam Buckner (cropped).jpg|
File:Chuy Garcia official portrait.jpg|
File:Ja'Mal Green closer crop.jpg|
File:Alderman Sophia King (cropped).jpg|
File:Lori Ligfhtfoot at signing of the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act (FEQycLjWYAITszv).jpg|
File:Roderick Sawyer (1).png|
File:Willie Wilson 2015.jpg|

### Withdrawn
* John Catanzara, Union President of Lodge 7 of the Fraternal Order of Police
* Raymond Lopez, member of the Chicago City Council from the 15th ward since 2015 *(running for reelection)*

### Declined 
* Arne Duncan, former United States Secretary of Education (2009–2016) and Chief Executive Officer of Chicago Public Schools (2001–2009)
* Brian Hopkins, Chicago City Council member from the 2nd Ward (2015–present)
* Janice Jackson, former Chief Executive Officer of Chicago Public Schools
* Tom Tunney, Chicago City Council member from the 44th Ward (2003–present) and vice-mayor (2019–present)
* Mike Quigley, U.S. Representative from Illinois's 5th congressional district since 2009
* Pat Quinn, former Governor of Illinois (2009–2015)
* Anna Valencia, Chicago City Clerk since 2017 and candidate for Illinois Secretary of State in 2022

## Polling
## Notes
## References
Han Myeong-sook

**Han Myeong-sook** (born March 24, 1944;  ) is a South Korean politician. She was the Prime Minister of South Korea from April 2006 to March 2007. She is South Korea's first female prime minister. She was from the United New Democratic Party (UNDP) as a member of the Korean National Assembly (representative) for Ilsan-gab.

She resigned as Prime Minister on March 7, 2007 and ran for President of South Korea in 2007.

## References
Rockleigh, New Jersey

**Rockleigh** (pronounced ROCK-lee) is a borough in Bergen County, New Jersey, United States. As of the 2020 United States Census, the borough's population was 407. It is near Alpine.

## References
March Forward, Dear Mother Ethiopia

**March Forward, Dear Mother Ethiopia** (), is the current national anthem of Ethiopia, adopted in 1992.

## Lyrics
### In local languages
## References
Gonzalo García Vivanco

**Gonzalo García Vivanco** (December 25, 1981, Guadalajara, Jalisco), is a Mexican Actor and Model, known for participating in the series *Soy tu fan*, and being the antagonist in *Relaciones Peligrosas*.

## Filmography 
## Theater 
## Awards 
## References 
## Other websites 
*
Mercedes-Benz Travego

The **Mercedes-Benz Travego** is a coach made by Mercedes-Benz, It has been made from 1999 to the present day.

## First generation - 1999-2006
The first generation Travego was made from 1999 to 2006.

## Second generation - 2006-2017
The second generation Travego was made from 2006 to 2017.

## Third generation - 2017-present 
The third generation Travego was made from 2017 to the present day.

## Gallery

File:1. FC Kaiserslautern Mannschaftsbus 2011.JPG|O580 Travego 15 RHD 1st generation
File:Mainzer Hauptbahnhof- Airport Shuttle zum Flughafen Frankfurt-Hahn (Mercedes-Benz Travego) 8.9.2009.JPG|O580 Travego 15 RH
File:Tågbussen.jpg|O580 Travego 17 RHD 1st generation
File:Michel Reisen coach (ZI MR 101), Dublin, 23 June 2011.jpg|Travego L 2nd generation
File:Mercedes-Benz Travego - Potsdam 2020-09-07 (1).jpg|Travego 2nd generation after improvements (Euro VI)
File:Mercedes-Benz Travego - FC Karpaty Lviv bus.jpg|Travego 15 SHD 2nd generation after improvements
File:Mercedes-Benz Travego, Istanbul (LRM 20191212 155441).jpg|Travego 15 SHD 3rd generation

## References
## Other websites
Space habitat

A **space habitat**, **space settlement** or **spacestead** is a theoretical space station that rotates to simulate gravity and is set up to be like an environment on Earth, with landscaping and one or more settlements where people live. Space habitats would be very big, from 500 meters in diameter to several kilometers in size.

*Space habitat* can also mean a base or enclosed settlement on or beneath the surface of a planet or large natural satellite or floating in its atmosphere.

## Proposed designs 
Proposed designs include but are not limited to the following.

### O'Neill cylinders 
O'Neill cylinders are cylinder-shaped spacesteads with livable space all over the inside surface (except for the ends). Two joined cylinders form the space settlement. 

### Stanford toruses 
Stanford toruses are donut-shaped habitats in which the land, settlement, and water are on the outer part of the interior surface. This leaves the other half to be the habitat's sky. These would also have spokes and a central hub in the middle.

### Bernal Spheres 
Bernal Spheres are spherical habitats from 500 meters to more than one kilometer in diameter. Part of the inner surface is habitable land.

### Bishop rings 
These are essentially smaller Stanford toruses without central spokes.

### Birch Worlds 
These are spherical habitats one or two light-years in diameter built around a galaxy's supermassive black hole.

## References
Post-scarcity economy

**Post-scarcity** society is a society where all needs are met with little need to work. It doesn't necessarily mean that anything is available for free, but that everybody has enough to live well. Discussions of abundance denial often arise in critiques of current economic structures that resist transition toward post-scarcity models.

Post-scarcity does not seem to be possible within capitalism, as jobs become scarce once all needs are met. 
## References
Cybernetic immortality

**Cybernetic immortality** is a form of immortality that would come about by people replacing their biological body parts with almost indestructible artificial equivalents. Such people would be cyborgs.

## Related pages 
*Transhumanism
*Mind uploading
Kherwal Soren

**Kherwal Soren** (born 9 December 1957) or **Kalipada Soren** is a Santhali playwright and editor. He is a Santali Author. 

## Career
Kherwal Soren, born as Kalipada Soren in 1957 at Raghunathpur near Jhargram in West Bengal, graduated from Seva Bharati Mahavidyalaya and passed M.A in Political Science from Rabindra Bharati University. He regularly edits a literary magazine *Kherwal Jaher*. Soren has written 31 plays and a number of stories and poems in the Santhali language. He translated *Anubhab*, a Bengali novel of Dibyendu Palit into Santhali. He received the Sarada Prasad Kisku award for his literary contribution. He retired from State Bank of India. In 2007, Soren was awarded the Sahitya Akademi for his play *Chet Re Cikayana*. He was conferred the Padma Shri award in 2022.

## References
Alpine, New Jersey

**Alpine** is a borough in Bergen County, New Jersey, United States. It is  north of Manhattan. 

## References
Cumberland Plateau

.]]

The **Cumberland Plateau** is the southern Appalachian or Cumberland Plateau in the Appalachian Mountains of the United States. 

The Plateau includes parts of Kentucky and Tennessee, northern Alabama and northwest Georgia.  

The terms "Allegheny Plateau" and the "Cumberland Plateau" refer to the heavily-ridged plateau lands west of the main Appalachian Mountains. The terms come from historical usage. Two major rivers share the names of the plateaus, with the Allegheny River rising in the Allegheny Plateau and the Cumberland River rising in the Cumberland Plateau in Harlan County, Kentucky.

This was early coal-mining territory, and the area had some famous and tragic coal mining accidents.

As mentioned in the article on the Allegheny Mountains, the mountains are the low ground-down rock of a once huge mountain chain. The land ridges are difficult to cross from the southeast to northwest (or vice versa), which has led to mountain folk being semi-isolated from the lower areas to either side of the mountains.

## References
British Somaliland

**British Somaliland**, officially the **Somaliland Protectorate** (), was a British protectorate in present-day Somaliland. The territory was bordered by Darawiish, Italian Somaliland, French Somaliland and Abyssinia. From 1940 to 1941, it was occupied by the Italians and was part of Italian East Africa.

## References
Avalonia

Continent in the Devonian]]

**Avalonia** was a microcontinent in the Palaeozoic era. Parts of this old microcontinent lie under south-west Great Britain, southern Ireland, and the eastern coast of North America. Bits of it are in Europe, Canada, and parts of the East coast of the United States. Avalonia is named after the Avalon Peninsula in Newfoundland.

Avalonia started as a chain of volcanoes on the northern margin of Gondwana. It became a drifting microcontinent. The Iapetus Ocean in front of it slowly shrank. 

Avalonia collided with other continents. It ended up in the middle of Pangaea. When Pangaea broke up, Avalonia's remains were divided by the rift which became the Atlantic Ocean.

That is how it came to be part in western Europe, and part in eastern North America.
Trachycephalus cunauaru

***Trachycephalus cunauaru*** is a frog that lives in the forest and rainforest in Brazil, Bolivia, and Ecuador.  Scientists think it might also live in Colombia and Peru.  Scientists have seen it as high as 800 meters above sea level.

The adult male frog is 57.9 to 74.3 mm long from nose to rear end and the adult female frog is 74.4 to 84.9 mm long.  This frog has a pattern of dark and light brown or gray on its back.  Its toes are light green in color.

This frog hides during the day and looks for food at night.  The frog spends almost all of its life in the tree branches.  It almost never goes to the ground.  It lays eggs mostly during the rainy season.  The male frog sits on a tree between 2 and 32 meters off the ground.  The male frog chooses a place near a hole in the tree that is full of water.  The male frog usually chooses the same place each time.  Scientists think the male frogs are territorial and might fight each other for good places.  The male frog sings for the female frog so she will come to him.  The female frog can lay 1000 eggs at one time.  She lays her eggs in the water in hole in the tree.

The name *cunauaru* comes from the language of the people who live in the Amazon area.   The name sounds a little like the sound the frog makes.  It also means "toad wife." It also means the way the male frog calls for the female frog on nights when the moon is bright.

## References
Han Duck-soo

**Han Duck-soo** (; born 18 June 1949) is a South Korean politician. He was the acting president of South Korea in December 2024 and from March 2025 until May 2025. He was the 44th Prime Minister of South Korea from 2022 until 2025. He was prime minister before in 2006 and from 2007 until 2008. 

Han was the ambassador to the United States from 2009 to 2013. He was Chairman of the Korea International Trade Association from 2012 to 2015. He briefly ran for president in the 2025 snap presidential election.

## Prime Minister of South Korea 
When he became prime minister again in 2022 at aged 72, Han became the oldest person to be prime minister.

On 10 April 2024, Duck-soo offered his resignation following his party's defeat in that year's legislative elections.

Han became the acting President of South Korea following the impeachment of President Yoon Suk Yeol on 14 December 2024.

Han was impeached by all 192 present MPs on 27 December 2024, and Deputy Prime Minister Choi Sang-mok became acting president and prime minister.

On 24 March 2025, the Constitutional Court dismisses the impeachment of Han, letting him return as acting president.

## 2025 presidential campaign
In May 2025, Han announced his resignation as both the acting president and the prime minister while also announcing his candidacy for president in the 2025 snap election. A few days later, his independent campaign was merged with the People Power Party after the party cancelled Kim Moon-soo's campaign in favor for Han's. However that same day, members of the PPP voted to make Kim the nominee again. Han apologized for the candidacy dispute and withdrew from the election soon afterwards.

## Notes
## References