open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Dordrecht

**Dordrecht** is a municipality in the Netherlands, in the province South Holland.

Dordrecht was founded in 1047 and got its City Rights in 1220. It was the first city in the west of the Netherlands to get City Rights.
In 1572 the Dutch Dukes under Willem van Oranien declared their independence from Spain in Dordrecht.

Dordrecht has about 120,000 inhabitants. It has a marine harbor, metal and food industry.
Mannheim

**Mannheim** (;  or ) is a city in the southwest of Germany. It is in the northwest of the German state of Baden-Württemberg.

The city was built in the Rhine River valley where the Rhine and the Neckar Rivers meet. The city of Ludwigshafen is on the opposite bank of the Rhine. Mannheim and Ludwigshafen together with Heidelberg and other cities make a big area called "Rhine-Neckar-Area" or "Rhein-Neckar Triangle". Nearly 2.4 million people live in this area.

]]
 *Water Tower*]]

As of 2020, 309,720 people live in the city. Mannheim is the biggest city in "Rhine-Neckar-Area". It has an oceanic climate (*Cfb* in the Koeppen climate classification).

Mannheim has universities. The city has a history of important transport inventions. The first automobile, and bicycle (draisine or velocipede, as the earliest recognisable bicycles were called) were all made or presented for the first time in Mannheim. This is why the city is also called the "city of inventions". The *Forbes* magazine ranked Mannheim 11th of the most inventive cities worldwide.

During World War II almost all of the old city was destroyed. The houses were built again after the war. Year 2007 was the city's 400th birthday.

Mannheim is now an important city because of its business power and culture. The *New Economy Magazine* praised Mannheim's positive economic and innovative environment.

It has very good transport connections, by road, rail and water.

## Demographics
The following list shows significant groups of foreigners by nationalities. 44,7% of all Mannheim inhabitants are from foreign descent. The population of Neckarstadt-West district is the most foreign (68.9%). The population of the Wallstadt district is the least foreign (23,1%).

## Inventions made in Mannheim 

File:Draisine1817.jpg|The world’s first bicycle, built in Mannheim by Karl Freiherr von Drais in 1817
File:1885Benz.jpg|The world’s first automobile, built in Mannheim by Carl Benz in 1885
File:Berthabenzmemorialrouteschild.jpg|Official sign of Bertha Benz Memorial Route, commemorating the world's first long-distance journey by automobile from Mannheim to Pforzheim in 1888 (104&nbsp;km / 64 miles)

## Economy 
Mannheim had a gross domestic product (GDP) of €20.921 billion in 2018. This makes it 17th on the list of German cities by GDP.

It is the economic centre of the Rhine-Neckar Metropolitan Region. This is one of Germany's most important business locations.

## Sister cities
Mannheim is twinned with:
*  Bydgoszcz, Poland
*  Chişinău, Moldova
*  Haifa, Israel
*  Klaipėda, Lithuania
*  Swansea, Wales
*  Toulon, France
*  Ulan Ude, Russia
*  Windsor, Canada
*  Zhenjiang, China

## References 
## Other websites
* Official website
* Official tourism website
* 
* Literature from and about Mannheim in the German National Library
* Parks in Mannheim
* Mannheim in Britannica.com
* U.S. Army Garrison Mannheim homepage
* The Mannheim Heritage of World Cultures
Regensburg

**Regensburg** (German pronunciation: [ʁɛ:gənsbʊɐ̯k]; Czech: *Řezno*, Austro-Bavarian: [ʁɛŋsbʊɐ̯k]; *Rengschburg* or *Rengschbuach* [ʁɛŋsbʊax]) is a city in the south of Germany, in the east of the state of Bavaria.
It has about 138,000 inhabitants and a university.

## Important people from Regensburg
Konrad of Megenberg died in the city in 1374.

## References
Razorlight

**Razorlight** are an Anglo-Swedish indie rock band. They formed in 2002. 

Razorlight are best known for the songs *Golden Touch*, *Somewhere Else* and *In the Morning*.

## Band Members
*Johnny Borrell
*Björn Ågren
*Carl Dalemo
*Andy Burrows
Gran Canaria

**Gran Canaria** is one of the Canary Islands in the Atlantic Ocean.
The capital and biggest city is Las Palmas de Gran Canaria in the north of the island. Economical centre (tourism) of the island is in the south. Gran Canaria is the second most populous island of the Canary Islands, after Tenerife.

Gran Canaria lives - like most of the Canary Islands - mainly on tourism, although Las Palmas does have one of the most important ports in the Atlantic.
The touristic centres Maspalomas and Playa del Ingles in the south are especially popular. 
The climate varies very little through the year. Gran Canaria is very popular for its party tourism. 

The international airport is farther north.

The administration of the Canary Islands is shared between Tenerife and Gran Canaria.
Bremerhaven

**Bremerhaven** (Low German: *Bremerhoben*) is a city in the north of Germany, in the state of Bremen. It is where the rivers Weser and Geeste meet.

Bremerhaven has more than 115,000 people. It lives mostly on its marine industry. The city was founded in 1827.

A city called Geestemünde was founded in 1847 as a "rival" of Bremerhaven. Some villages around Bremerhaven are older.
Geestemünde and Lehe were joined together in 1927 to Wesermünde. Wesermünde and Bremerhaven were unified in 1939 to Wesermünde. After the Second World War the city was called Bremerhaven.

Bremerhaven was one of the important harbours of emigration in Europe. In 2005 a museum of emigration opened in Bremerhaven (the "Deutsches Auswanderhaus").

Bremerhaven has a railway station Bremerhaven Hauptbahnhof that opened in 1914. It was in Geestemünde in 1862. It was the first railway station in the area.

Bremerhaven has an oceanic climate (*Cfb* in the Köppen climate classification).

## References 
## Other websites 
* English website for tourists
Neuss

**Neuss** (Low Franconian and Ripuarian: *Nüüs*, (; officially apelled *Neuß* until 1968) is a city in the west of Germany, in the state of North Rhine-Westphalia. In the local dialect it is called *Nüss* or Neuß. Neuss has about 150,000 inhabitants. It is on the Rhine, across from the big city of Düsseldorf.

Neuss was founded by the Romans about 2,000 years ago. The Romans called the town *Castra Novesia*.

## References
## Other websites
Jamie Oliver

**Jamie Oliver**   MBE (James Trevor Oliver, born 27 May 1975) is a British celebrity chef, restaurateur, and media personality. He is known for his television shows, cookbooks and restaurants. He has highlighted the need for improved cooking in schools and hospitals.

## Early life 
Oliver was born in the village of Clavering in Essex, where he still lives. His parents run a bar/restaurant where he practised cooking as a youngster.

He was educated in Newport Free Grammar School. He graduated at the age of sixteen with two GCSE qualifications in geology and art. He went on to attend the Westminster Catering College, which is now known as the Westminster Kingsway College. From there he earned what is known as a City & Guilds NVQ (National Vocational Qualification) in home economics.

## Career 
Oliver’s first job was a pastry chef at Antonio Carluccio’s Neal’s Yard Restaurant, where he prepared his first Italian cuisine therefore gaining good, helpful experience. He also developed a great relationship with his mentor Gennaro Contaldo. Later on in his career, he offered Contaldo an employment where he could help run Oliver’s thriving selection of High Street restaurants, Jamie’s Italian. Then Oliver became a sous chef of The River Café in Fulham.

## School 'dinners' 
In 2005, Oliver started his 'school dinners' campaign to improve the quality of food fed to pupils in schools. At the time it was a controversial shake-up for students and parents, Many of whom preferred food from fast food outlets ("junk food"). Some thought the students should have a healthy option available, but still be allowed to choose what they wanted to eat.

In a four-part documentary TV series Oliver ran the kitchen meals in Kidbrooke School, Greenwich, for a year. He was disgusted by the unhealthy food being served to schoolchildren, and the lack of healthy alternatives on offer. His campaign to improve the standard of Britain’s school meals eventually persuaded the British Government to spend £280m on school dinners.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Jamie Oliver Website in Spanish
Oberhausen

**Oberhausen** (Ripuarian: *Ovverhouse*, Low German: *Owerhuusen*, *Overhus*)  is a city in Germany, in the state of North Rhine-Westphalia, in the Ruhr Area. Oberhausen has about 220,000 inhabitants. It was dominated by industry like most towns in the Ruhr Area. The city hosts the International Short Film Festival Oberhausen.

## Twin towns – sister cities 
Oberhausen is twinned with:

*  Middlesbrough, England, United Kingdom (1974)
*  Zaporizhzhia, Ukraine (1986)
*  Carbonia, Italy (2002)
*  Iglesias, Italy (2002)
*  Mersin, Turkey (2004)
*  Tychy, Poland (2020) 

## References
Giessen

**Gießen** or Giessen is a city in the German state of Hesse.

It is  north of Frankfurt. Giessen has about
73,000 inhabitants. The university of Giessen has about 20,000 students.

The German word "Giessen" means "to pour" in English, as "to pour a glass of water." The city is on the banks of the Lahn River, and it is surrounded by many lakes and streams.

## People from Giessen
* Justus von Liebig (1803-1873), Chemist, Professor. The official name of the University of Giessen is named Justus Liebig University.
* Fritz Heichelheim
* Demis Nikolaidis
* Martin Gindler, an important piano player. Has lived in North Carolina but currently resides in the Netherlands.
* Samuel Adler, a well known rabbi in the United States, attended the University of Giessen[1]
* Wilhelm Liebknecht, founder of the Social Democratic Party of Germany, was born on 29 March 1826 in Giessen.
* Friedrich Kellner (1885-1970) was Chief Justice Inspector of Laubach, where he wrote the Friedrich Kellner Diary. He was also Chief Regional Auditor in Giessen. The University of Giessen has established the Kellner Project.
* Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen was professor of physics from 1879 until 1888 at the university of Giessen. After his death in 1923 his body was buried at the "Alte Friedhof".

## Education
Universities in Gießen are the *University of Gießen* and the *University of Applied Sciences Gießen-Friedberg*

## References
## Other websites
Krefeld

**Krefeld** (until November 25, 1925 - *Crefeld*) is a city in the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia, near Düsseldorf.

Krefeld has about 235,000 inhabitants.

## References
Zwickau

**Zwickau** (Thurginian-Upper Saxon dialect: *Zwigge*) is a city in the German state of Saxony. It has fewer than 100,000 inhabitants.

## References
## Other websites
Hagen

**Hagen** is a city in the Arnsberg Government Region in the Ruhr area in the state of North Rhine-Westphalia in Germany.

## Population 
It has about 196,000 inhabitants.

## Boroughs 
Some localities of Hagen:
* Hagen-Dahl
* Hagen-Emst
* Hagen-Priorei
* Hagen-Rummenohl
* Hagen-Halden

## References 
## Other websites
Ludwigshafen

**Ludwigshafen am Rhein** (literally: *Ludwigshafen on the Rhine*), commonly referred to as *Ludwigshafen*, is a City in the German state of Rhineland-Palatinate. After Mannheim it is the second largest city of the Metropolregion Rhein-Neckar.

Ludwigshafen is independent of the local district government, but is the administrative seat of the surrounding district.

## Geography 
Ludwigshafen lies on the west bank of the Rhine River. 

As one of the five upper centers of the country Rhineland-Palatinate Ludwigshafen forms the core of the European Metropolregion Rhine Neckar triangle together with its neighbour city in Baden-Wuerttemberg, Mannheim. Large cities nearby are Heidelberg (about 25 km southeast), Karlsruhe (about 50 km south) and Mainz (about 60 km north).

## Population 
The number of people of the city of Ludwigshafen on the Rhine was more than 100,000 by the year 1925. Nowadays it has about 160,000 people. The chemical industry is big in the city.

File:Ludwigshafen RathausCenter.jpg|Town hall
File:BASF Nsw.jpg|BASF
File:Helmut Kohl 1997.jpg|Helmut Kohl
File:EastAsiaInstituteEntrance.jpg|East Asia Institute

## Sister cities 
*  Pasadena (United States), since 1948
*  Lorient (France), since 1963
*  Havering (England), since 1971
*  Sumqayıt (Azerbaijan), since 1987
*  Dessau (Germany), 1988
*  Antwerpen (Belgium), since 1999

## References
## Other websites 
* Official City Website 
* Ludwigshafener Kongress- und Marketing-Gesellschaft mbH 
* BASF Website
Hamm

**Hamm** () is a city in the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia. It is part of the Arnsberg Government Region.

About 185,000 people live there.

## References
## Other websites
Herne, North Rhine-Westphalia

**Herne** is a German city, in the state of North Rhine-Westphalia, belonging to the Ruhr area. It is part of the Arnsberg Government Region

It has about 170,000 inhabitants.

## References
Mülheim

**Mülheim an der Ruhr** (Low German and Low Franconian: *Mölm*, Ripuarian: *Müllem*) is a city in the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia, belonging to the Ruhr area.
Around 170,000 people live there.

## References
Solingen

**Solingen** is a city in Germany, in the state of North Rhine-Westphalia. It is near Düsseldorf and Wuppertal.

About 165,000 people live there.

In 1993, five Turks were killed in an arson attack.

In 2024, three people were killed with a knife and eight people were injured in a mass stabbing, during a festival for the city's 650th founding anniversary.

## References
Europa (moon)

{{Infobox planet
|name = Europa
|alt_names = Jupiter II
|adjectives = Europan
|image = Europa in natural color.png
|caption = Europa has a white surface
|bgcolour = #a0ffa0
|discoverer = Galileo GalileiSimon Marius
|discovered = 8 January 1610
|orbit_ref =
|epoch = 8 January 2004
|mean_orbit_radius = 
|eccentricity = 0.009
|apoapsis = 
|period = 
|volume =  (0.015 Earths)
|mass =  (0.008 Earths)
|moment_of_inertia_factor =  (estimate)
|escape_velocity = 
|rotation = Synchronous
|axial_tilt = 0.1°
|albedo = 0.67&nbsp;±&nbsp;0.03
|magnitude = 5.29 (opposition)
}}
**Europa** is a large moon of the planet Jupiter. It is a little smaller than Earth's Moon and it is the sixth-largest moon in the Solar System.

Europa's diameter is about 3000 kilometers. It probably has an iron core, and a thin atmosphere of mostly oxygen. The surface is icy and very smooth. There are not a lot of , but there are some cracks and lines. 

Scientists believe that there is a liquid ocean under the surface, and that it is kept warm by tidal heating. In other words, heat from tidal flexing (Jupiter's strong gravitational pull on Europa) makes it warm. Europa certainly has a lot of water. 

The moon Europa was found by Simon Marius in December 1609. Galileo Galilei first saw the moon in January 1610 (he did not know Marius had found it). Simon Marius was the one who had the idea of the name 'Europa'.

Europa is named after a princess from Greek mythology who became the first queen of Crete. 

## References 
**Notes**

## Other websites 
* Europa
Tim Rice-Oxley

**Timothy James Rice-Oxley** (born 2 June 1976, in Oxford, England) is an English musician. He plays piano and bass for the rock band Keane. He also writes the songs for the band.

## Early life 
He took piano lessons which he hated. This because he had to play classic music and he thought it was boring. Later, he began playing the piano listening to The Beatles. In 2004, he won the Ivor Novello award for Best composer of the year.

In 1995, his friend Dominic Scott told him to make a band. The band was called "The Lotus Eaters". They asked Richard Hughes to play the drums. Tom Chaplin would play bass. Rice-Oxley and Chaplin had been friends since they were children. In 1997, Rice-Oxley asked Chaplin to sing. The band changed its name to "Keane". When Scott left the band in 2001, Rice-Oxley started playing piano again and recording bass separately. He still does that.

Rice-Oxley married in February 2005.

## Equipment list
*Complete list: Equipment list*
*Yamaha CP70 (Piano)
*Nord Lead 3 (Synthesizer)
*Fender Precision (Bass)
*Apple Computer PowerBook G4
*Apple PowerMac G5

## References
## Other websites 
* Nezz-Media! - Dedicated to Keane
Under the Iron Sea

***Under the Iron Sea*** is the second album by rock band Keane. It was launched in June 2006.

There is a version with a bonus DVD. This includes videos and demo versions of songs.

The title of the album comes from the phrase "I lost my heart. I buried it too deep under the iron sea," of the eighth (8th) song, "Crystal Ball".

In its first week sold 222,297 copies. It was #1 in UK and #4 in US.

The album had sold 1,000,000 copies to date.

## Song list 
* All tracks written by Tim Rice-Oxley, Tom Chaplin, and Richard Hughes.
# "Atlantic" (4:13)
# "Is It Any Wonder?" (3:08)
# "Nothing In My Way" (4:02)
# "Leaving So Soon?" (3:58)
# "A Bad Dream" (5:04)
# "Hamburg Song" (4:37)
# "Put It Behind You" (3:35)
# "The Iron Sea" (2:57)
# "Crystal Ball" (3:53)
# "Try Again" (4:26)
# "Broken Toy" (6:07)
# "The Frog Prince" (4:21)

Note: Some editions combine "The Iron Sea" with "Put It Behind You," with a length of 6:33.

## Charts 
## General charts 
* **United Kingdom**: #1
* **United States**: #4
* **Canada**: #7
* **Ireland**: #1
* **Switzerland**: #2
* **Holland**: #1
* **Germany**: #3
* **Portugal**: #3
* **Norway**: #3
* **Mexico**: #3
* **Denmark**: #5
* '**India**': #8

## Related pages
* List of songs by Keane

## Other websites 
* Official Site
* Austrian Fansite 
* Fansite 
* French Fansite
* Link to download a UTIS fan-made font
Kos

**Kos** is a Greek island, belonging to the Dodecanese island group in the Aegean Sea. 

About 30,000 people live on Kos, 16,000 of them in the island capital Kos City in the west of the island.
There is an international airport near Antimachia in the middle of the island and a sea harbour in Kos City.
Kos Island's main industry is tourism. About 300,000 tourists take rooms on Kos every year and a lot of tourists take a one-day trip to Kos from neighboring islands or the Turkish coast. 17&nbsp;km overseas lies Bodrum, Turkey.

People have lived on Kos since the 15th century BC, maybe longer.
Until the 4th century BC the capital of the island was in the west of it, near Kefalos. After an earthquake it moved to Kos City.
Later the Hellenics, then the Romans and the Byzantines got the island.
The Knights of St. John built great forts on Kos, in Kos City and near Antimachia.
The Turkish took over Kos in 1523.
From 1912 to 1943 the Dodecanese islands belonged to Italy, from 1943 to 1945 to the Germans, and from 1945 to 1946, the British ruled them. Since 1946, they belong to Greece.

The most important tourist attraction is the Askelepsion, an old temple for the Greek god Askelapsios. It was built between the 5th and the 1st century BC.
The physician Hippocrates was from Kos.

## Other websites
*Kos Island Official Travel Guide
* photographs castle on Kos.
Darmstadt

**Darmstadt** is a city in Germany, in the state of Hesse. It has about 140,000 inhabitants and a university. The chemical element named darmstadtium is named after the city.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Official site of the city of Darmstadt (German, English)
*  on Wikivoyage
* Mathildenhoehe
* Details of Trams and Buses used in Darmstadt
* Public Transport in Darmstadt - Maps, Timetables, Fares 
* War memorials in Darmstadt
Dominic Scott

**Dominic "Dom" Scott** (15 May 1979) is an Irish-born English guitarist, known for being the guitarist for the rock band Keane. He is the co-founder of a band named,"The Lotus Eaters" It was founded in 1995 withTim Rice-Oxley. They invited Richard Hughes to play the drums.

In 1997 Rice-Oxley asked Scott and Hughes to let Tom Chaplin join the band. Scott and Hughes firstly refused but then accepted.

He left in 2001, after the single "Wolf at the Door" because of musical differences with Rice-Oxley. His exit was friendly. Keane wrote a message on their official page on 14 November 2001 saying this:

:"One sad piece of news for us is that in July our guitarist Dom decided to leave the band and return to his studies at LSE. We wish him all the best with that."

Rice-Oxley also said in an interview in Mexico: "Dom is a great fan of U2 so maybe we'll met in New York" (Because Keane was the opening band for U2 in 2005).
Shirt

A **shirt** is a kind of clothing which is made to cover the upper body.  Shirts can mean  T-shirts, polo shirts, etc.  In earlier times  shirts, which were for men, had a collar, sleeves with cuffs and split in half with buttons on one side. This can be called  a "dress shirt", a specific type of "collared shirt"). Some shirts have sleeves, that cover the arms. T-shirts are a type of shirt that has shorter sleeves. These sleeves cover the shoulders. Shirts that do not have sleeves are called "sleeveless".

## References
Langeoog

**Langeoog** (English: "Long Island") is a German island in the North Sea.

Langeoog is about  long (from east to west). It covers an area of about . There are about 2000 people living on Langeoog.

Langeoog has a beach that is  long.

## Traffic
Cars are not allowed to drive on Langeoog. People on the Island use bikes. The port and the village are linked with a small railway, the so-called "Inselbahn" (Island's Rail). The Railway is about 2.4 kilometers long.
The harbour of Langeoog is quite big. It was built in World War II by the German Navy. Today the harbour is used by ferries, that connect Langoog with the harbour of Bensersiel on the coast. The Langeoog harbour is also used by sailors, some fishermen and the German Society for Rescuing Ship-Wreckers.
There is also a little airfield on Langeoog.

## Landmarks
The landmark of Langeoog is the Water-Tower, that was built in 1909 on top of a dune near the village.

## Tourism 
Tourism is the main source of income for Langeoog's economy. There are several hotels. The youth hostel can be found several kilometers outside the village.

File:Inselbahn Langeoog.jpg|Inselbahn Langeoog (Island's Rail)
File:Dünenlandschaft von Langeoog 20200910 DSC3433.jpg|Langeoog
File:Dünen am Langeooger Strand 20200910 DSC3348.jpg|Way to the beach.
File:Salzwiese bei Gewitter.jpg|A thunderstorm over the island

## References
## Other websites 
* Official site 
* Langeoog Island Ferry 
* Langeoog Online - Travel and Tourism Directory 
* Online Magazine Langeoog
T-shirt

A **T-shirt** or **tee shirt** is a kind of shirt which has short sleeves. These sleeves cover the shoulders and the top of the arm, but they do not cover the elbow or the forearm. T-shirts are usually made from cotton fabric or fabric which contains a mix of cotton and polyester. T-shirts are usually considered a casual type of clothing. Both men and women wear T-shirts in Western countries, such as the United States, Canada, England, and France. In some countries, such as Muslim countries, women do not wear T-shirts outside of the home.

T-shirts are cheap to make and sell a lot because of fast fashion. For instance, the U.S. sells two billion T-shirts each year. A person in Sweden typically buys nine T-shirts yearly. Making T-shirts can harm the environment, especially when using materials like cotton. Cotton uses a lot of water and pesticides.

Below are some different types of T-shirts:

**Round neck**: A round neck T-shirt is the most common style of neck. As the name says, the neck opening closely fitted to the contour of the neck.

**V neck:** The front neck drop of a v neck T-shirt is lower and converges to form a sharp v shape.

**Crew neck:** A crew neck T-shirt is almost the same as a classic T-shirt. The only difference being is that it doesn’t have a collar. This style of shirt was worn be rowers in the 1940s.

**Graphic:** Graphic T- shirts come in many shapes and sizes, including all of the aforementioned necklines. Any T-shirt with a graphic print on it is considered a graphic T-shirt. The style of shirt is extremely popular amongst brands and companies as they are used for marketing and promoting messages.
## History
T-shaped clothes, called tunics, have been worn since ancient times. The modern T-shirt came from 1800s underwear. Workers wore them in hot places for comfort. In 1913, the U.S. Navy introduced T-shirts as underwear. They became popular with sailors, workers, and young boys because they were easy to wear and cheap. By the 1920s, the term "T-shirt" was in the American dictionary.

During the Great Depression, T-shirts were common work clothes. After World War II, Navy men wore them casually. Their popularity grew in the 1950s, especially after actor Marlon Brando wore one. Soon, they became everyday wear for many. By 1942, some T-shirts had prints on them, like one shown on a Life magazine cover. In the 1960s, people liked using printed T-shirts to express themselves, advertise, protest, or as keepsakes.

## References
Sunburn

A **sunburn** is a kind of burn that happens when skin is exposed to sunlight for too long. The ultraviolet part of sunlight breaks down natural chemicals in the skin. This makes the skin become red. Sunburns stay for days or weeks.

People with lighter skin sunburn more quickly than people with darker skin. This is because of a dark pigment called melanin that protects the skin. There is more of it in dark-skinned people than in light-skinned people. Eventually, if exposed to too much sunlight, skin cancer may develop. In any event, sunburn can be *extremely* painful.
Everybody's Changing

'''"Everybody's Changing"''' is the first single by the rock band Keane. It was released two times. It was the first Keane CD to be sold in stores.

## Versions
There are two different versions of the song. The song was first composed in 2001 by Tim Rice-Oxley. The first version was  at Keane's home. The second one at the Helioscentric Studios in East Sussex.

### Fierce Panda single
In December 2002, Simon Williams of Fierce Panda Records saw Keane in a pub. He wanted to record one of their songs for the radio. The song chosen was "Everybody's Changing". They made a CD single and released it on May 2003.

### Island single
After Keane signed to Island Records, there was another single, "Somewhere Only We Know". However, they wanted to release "Everybody's Changing" again. This time it was released as an Island single. The record was released on May 2004

## Information about songs
The CDs for each version had one or two other songs on them.
### To the End of the Earth
"To the End of the Earth" was composed in guitar. A demo version played on guitar was also recorded. It was composed by Tim Rice-Oxley in 2000. The song was re-recorded for the single.
### Fly to Me
"Fly to Me" has been thought to be Keane's most beautiful song. Official sheet music for the song is found in the Wise Publication's book of *Hopes and Fears*.
### The Way You Want It
"The Way You Want It" is a piano and voice song. It appeared on the Fierce Panda version. The song appears on the *Strangers DVD* as well. 

## Track listing
### Fierce Panda single
**CD NING133CD**
#Everybody's Changing
#Bedshaped
#The Way You Want It

### Island Single
**CD CID855**
#Everybody's Changing
#To the End of the Earth (Only CD)
#Fly to Me
#Everybody's Changing (Video)

**UK, 7" Vynil IS855**
Released May 3rd 2004
#Everybody's Changing
#Fly to Me

## Other versions
### Holland, CD
July 23rd 2004
#Everybody's Changing
#Fly to Me

### France, CD
March 21st 2005
#Everybody's Changing
#Somewhere Only We Know (Live) (Forum, London, May 10th 2004)

### UK, 3" Pocket CD
July 19th 2004
#Everybody's Changing
#Fly to Me
#Everybody's Changing (Polytone)
#Fly to Me (Polytone)
#Everybody's Changing (Truetone)
#Fly to Me (Truetone)

## Music videos
There are two music videos for this song:
* - (UK, Int’l) Keane appear playing in a white room.
* - (US) Keane appear on a scene representing a sunset and shots of gigs in London, Mexico City and United States.
Antwerp

river]]

**Antwerpen** is a port city in Antwerp province in the north of Belgium. It is at 51° 12 North, 04° 24 East. In French it is called **Anvers**, its English name commonly is  **Antwerp**. 

It is the capital of the province with the same name.

The port is the second-largest in Europe after Rotterdam in the Netherlands. It spreads over both banks of the river Scheldt for more than 11,000 hectares.  About 16,000 people work in the port.  It is a centre for international drug trafficking, especially cocaine.

In 2007, 466,203 people lived there. The city is divided in 9 zones, called districts:

* Antwerp
* Berchem
* Berendrecht-Zandvliet-Lillo
* Borgerhout
* Deurne
* Ekeren
* Hoboken
* Merksem
* Wilrijk

## References
Offenbach am Main

**Offenbach** is a city in the German state of Hesse. It is on the river Main near Frankfurt am Main. The city has about 120,000 people. The *Deutscher Wetterdienst* (German weather service) is in Offenbach.

## Economy 
Until the early 1970s the economy of Offenbach was mainly the machine-building and leather industries. The city is the home of the German Association for Electrical, Electronic and Information Technologies until today.

## Twinned cities 
Offenbach has the following twin cities:

## References 
## Other websites
Heilbronn

**Heilbronn** (); , local dialect: *Hallbrunn*, *Haalbrunn*) is a city in Germany in the state of Baden-Württemberg. With about 117,000 people, Heilbronn is the sixth largest town in Baden-Württemberg.
Heilbronn is also on the river Neckar and is known for the wine which was grown in their region and the Kätchen a famous sign.

## References
## Other websites
Pforzheim

**Pforzheim** () is a city in the German state of Baden-Württemberg.
About 116,000 people live there.

## References
## Other websites
Taxi

]]

A **taxi** (**taxicab** or **cab** in the United States) is a car, or other vehicle which is used for public transport. People use them to get to where they want to go. This means there are no stops in between where they get on and where they get off. Many big cities have taxis.

In most other types of public transport, such as a bus, tram, or train, the rider does not get to choose the locations where they want to get picked up or dropped off. These vehicles often take certain roads or follow a very specific route. Because of this, they usually do not stop exactly where people want to go.

Riding a taxi is a lot like a person having their own car, but don't drive it. They only tell the taxi driver where they want to go and he or she will take you there. How much they pay for the ride, in most cases, depends on how far they are going from where you get on. It is common for the price for a taxi ride to be more expensive than other forms of transport.

## History
 taxicab of New York City.]]

The first taxi-type system started in Paris and London in the early 17th century. These were carts pulled by (carriages) and could be hired. The monarchies that ruled these cities controlled the rules. In the 19th century, Hansom cabs were mostly used because of their higher level of safety.

## Taximeter 
The 1891 invention by German Wilhelm Bruhn of the taximeter helped establish the modern taxi. The first modern meter-equipped taxicab was the Daimler Victoria, built by Gottlieb Daimler in 1897. The first motorized taxi company began operating in Stuttgart the same year.

The term *taximeter* is an adaptation of the French word 'taximètre', and the German word 'taxameter'. It means measuring a tax or fee.

## Related pages
* Auto–rickshaw
* Lyft
* Uber

## References
Recklinghausen

**Recklinghausen** (Westphalian: *Riäkelhusen*) is a city in the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia, belonging to the Ruhr area. It has about 120,000 inhabitants.

## References
Wolfsburg

**Wolfsburg** is a city in the German state of Lower Saxony.

It had about 124,000 inhabitants in 2016. The automobile company Volkswagen has its main office in Wolfsburg.

## References
## Other websites
Bergisch Gladbach

**Bergisch Gladbach** (; Ripuarian: *Jläbbisch Gläbbich*)  is a city in the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia.
It is near to Cologne and has about 110,016 inhabitants.

## Well-known people 
* Heidi Klum (b. 1973), model, actress and singer

## References
## Other websites
Erlangen

**Erlangen** (; East Franconian: *Erlang*) is a German city in the state of Bavaria. About 105,000 people live there.

Erlangen is near to Nuremberg (*Nürnberg*). Both cities share the University Erlangen-Nürnberg.

## References 
## Other websites
Remscheid

**Remscheid** is a city in the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia.

It has about 115,000 inhabitants.

## Twin towns – sister cities 
Remscheid is twinned with:

*  Ashington, England
*  Granada, Spain
*  Kırşehir, Turkey
*  Mrągowo, Poland
*  Newbiggin by the Sea, England
*  Pirna, Germany
*  Prešov, Slovakia
*  Quimper, France

## Famous people who were born in Remscheid 
* Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen (1845–1923), physicist who discovered X-rays, the first person to win the Nobel Prize in Physics
* Peter Brötzmann (1941–2023), jazz musician

## References
Undernet

**Undernet** is an Internet Relay Chat network that was made in 1992. It has many channels, but there are few limits to what kind of channels can be made.
Advanced Micro Devices

**Advanced Micro Devices, Inc.** (**AMD**) is an American company from Sunnyvale, California, that makes computer hardware components. It makes many different computer parts, but it is most famous for its central processing units (CPUs) and graphics processing units (GPUs). Another important product are their motherboard chipsets for their CPUs.

## History 
AMD started as a company that made products for Intel, another large hardware company, and competitor of AMD. In 2003, AMD released the Opteron, which was the first 64-bit x86 CPU. In 2006, AMD bought ATI Technologies with $4.3 billion of cash and 52 million AMD stocks. In 2020, AMD said that they are buying Xilinx, a company that makes circuits that can be changed using computer code (FPGA).

## Products 
Ryzen is AMD's brand name for their CPUs for normal use. They have between 2 and 64 cores and can achieve speeds above 5 gigahertz (GHz).

Radeon is their brand name for other computer products like GPUs and computer parts made by other companies that AMD put their brand on (OEM).

## References
## Other websites
*
Hermann Minkowski

**Hermann Minkowski** (22 June 1864 in Kaunas – 12 January 1909 in Göttingen) was a German mathematician of Jewish descent. He was one of Albert Einstein's teachers.

Minkowski is perhaps best known for his work in relativity, in which he showed in 1907 that his former student Albert Einstein's special theory of relativity (1905), could be understood geometrically as a theory of four-dimensional space-time, since known as the "Minkowski spacetime".

## References
Cousins Subs

**Cousins Subs** is a "sub" shop that makes submarine sandwiches. It was created in the 1970s in Wisconsin. 

They opened their first restaurant in Milwaukee, at 60th Street and Silver Spring Drive. It closed after several years of success. The oldest Cousins Subs is on the corner of Brady Street and Farwell Avenue in Milwaukee.
Leeuwarden

**Leeuwarden** is a city in the north of the Netherlands.
It has about 110,000 inhabitants. It is the capital of a part of the Netherlands where a lot of people speak Frisian. The name of that province is Friesland. Leeuwarden is called *Ljouwert* in Frisian.

On 1 January 2014, Boarnsterhim is a part of the municipality of Leeuwarden. On 1 January 2018, it was enlarged by Leeuwarderadeel and parts of the former municipality of Littenseradiel.

## References
Middelburg, Netherlands

**Middelburg** is a town and municipality on the (former) island of Walcheren, Province of Zeeland, the Netherlands.

It is the capital of Zeeland.

About 48,000 people were living in the municipality in 2017.
About 40,000 people were living in the town in 2011.

Middelburg received city rights in 1217.

## Related pages 
* Four Freedoms Award

## Other websites 
*
Haarlem

**Haarlem** is a municipality in the Netherlands and the capital of the province North Holland. It has about 145,000 inhabitants. It has a very old door called Smedestraat 33.

Twenty kilometers west of Amsterdam, close to the coast, it lies on sandy soil very suitable for growing tulips. It has been the center of tulip cultivation for centuries, which is why it was nicknamed « the flower town ».

## Other websites 
* Website of the communal administration 
* pictures from Haarlem
Lelystad

**Lelystad** is a municipality in the middle of the Netherlands.
It has about 71,000 inhabitants. It is also the capital of Flevoland, one of the provinces of the Netherlands.

## Other websites 
*Official website
Robert Walpole

Sir **Robert Walpole, 1st Earl of Orford** was a British politician. He is regarded by many as the first  de facto Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (then called Great Britain). The position of prime minister was not actually official at that time.

Walpole He was born in Houghton, Norfolk on 26 August 1676. He died on 18 March 1745. Historians think he became England's first Prime Minister in 1721. He was then Prime Minister for a longer time than anyone who came after him. This long time is sometimes called "the robinocracy" (Robin is a common version of Robert).

Although the exact dates of Walpole's dominance are not entirely clear, the period 1721–1742 is often used. He dominated the Walpole–Townshend ministry, as well as the subsequent Walpole ministry, and holds the record as the longest-serving British prime minister in history. 

W.A. Speck wrote that Walpole's uninterrupted run of 20 years as Prime Minister "is rightly regarded as one of the major feats of British political history...&nbsp;Explanations are usually offered in terms of his expert handling of the political system after 1720, [and] his unique blending of the surviving powers of the crown with the increasing influence of the Commons".

## References
Assen

**Assen** is a municipality in the north-east of the Netherlands. It has about 65,000 inhabitants. It's the capital of Drenthe.
Enschede

**Enschede** (Low Saxon: *Eanske*) is a municipality and city in the province of Overijssel, the Netherlands. About 161,194 people were living there in 2023.

It is the biggest city in Overijssel and borders Germany.

Enschede is also (informally) the capital of Twente region.

## Fireworks accident 
On 13 May 2000 there was a huge destruction caused by an accident in a fireworks factory. Twenty-three people were killed, while almost a thousand people were injured. Thousands of people lost their homes.

## Related pages 
* FC Twente
* University of Twente

## References 
* Plaatsengids.nl
Amersfoort

**Amersfoort** is a city in the middle of the Netherlands. The city is between the hills of the "Heuvelrug" and the valley of the river Eem. It is located in the province of Utrecht. 2023 the population of the city was 160,902. It is the second-largest city in the province and the fifteenth-largest in the country. Amersfoort is known for being one of the largest railway junctions in the Netherlands. In 2009, Amersfoort celebrated its 750th anniversary as a city.

## Economy 
The city has many international companies located there:

* Royal VolkerWessels Stevin N.V., a big European construction-services business.
* FrieslandCampina, a Dutch dairy cooperative.
* Royal HaskoningDHV, consultants and engineers.
* Golden Tulip Hospitality Group, an international hotel chain called Golden Tulip Hotels
* Yokogawa Electric, an electrical engineering and software company. 

There are also several non-governmental organizations and foundations:

* Christian Union, a Christian democratic political party in the Netherlands.
* Oikocredit, the headquarters of a global cooperative society that provides financing for economic development with a focus on poverty alleviation.
* Socialist Party, a left-wing social-democratic political party in the Netherlands.
Zoetermeer

**Zoetermeer** is a municipality in South Holland in the Netherlands (it has no city rights). 

About 125,000 people are living there in 2017.

It is between Utrecht and Den Haag. It is part of the Randstad.
Hilversum

**Hilversum** is a municipality in North Holland in the Netherlands. It lies between Amsterdam and Utrecht. About 95,000 people live there.

## Well-known people 
* Joop den Uyl (1919-1987), Prime Minister
Almere

**Almere** is a municipality in the Netherlands (no city rights).
It is in the province of Flevoland and nearby Amsterdam and has about 215,000 people (2021).

## Other websites 
* Almere website
Roermond

**Roermond** is a municipality in the province Limburg in the east of the Netherlands. It has about 45,000 people living in it.

Since 2007, Swalmen became a part of the municipality of Roermond.
Venlo

**Venlo** is a municipality in Limburg in the very east of the Netherlands. It has about 100,000 inhabitants and lives mainly on one-day-trip-tourism from neighbouring Germany and logistics. It used to be a city of the Hanseatic League.

Since 2010, Arcen en Velden became a part of the municipality of Venlo.
Delft

**Delft** is a municipality in the province South Holland in the Netherlands. It is about halfway between Rotterdam and The Hague. It is famous for its Delft Blue pottery and the Delft University of Technology. It is the place where the royal family, the kings and queens, are buried. It has about 94,000 inhabitants.

## Things to see 
Delft is a city with typical Dutch canals, churches and large canal houses. The largest church in Delft is the Nieuwe Kerk (New Church).
Deventer

**Deventer** is a municipality and city in the province of Overijssel, the Netherlands. About 101,000 people were living there in 2021. It lies both in Salland and IJsselvallei regions, alongside the eastern bank of the IJssel river.

Deventer was founded by Lebuinus around 768. He built a wooden church there.

A Catholic community called the Brethren of the Common Life was founded by priest Geert Groote in this city late 14th century. This community was connected with a Catholic reform movement called the Devotio Moderna, which was largely based on Groote and founded the same time.

Deventer is well known for its cake, the so-called *Deventer Koek*.

## References 
* Plaatsengids.nl
Illinois Institute of Technology

The **Illinois Institute of Technology** (**IIT**) is a private university in Chicago, Illinois, United States. It is one of the best universities in the United States as U.S. News & World Report, a magazine, puts it at number 108. Most students of this university focus on science or technology as their major, or subject they study most. IIT was created in 1940 by the merger of the Armour Institute of Technology and Lewis Institute.

## Architecture
 on the Illinois Institute of Technology campus. Designed by Ludwig Mies van der Rohe in 1956, it was designated a National Historic Landmark in 2001.]]

. Icons of male figures in action are placed throughout the building; several are visible at the lower left.]]
The campus, roughly bounded between 31st and 35th streets, Michigan Avenue and the Dan Ryan Expressway, was designed by modernist architect Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, "one of the great figures of 20th-century architecture", who chaired the IIT School of Architecture from 1938 to 1958. Van der Rohe's master plan for the IIT campus was one of the most ambitious projects he ever conceived. The campus has twenty of his works. It is the greatest concentration of his buildings in the world. The layout of the campus departs radically from "traditional college quadrangles and limestone buildings". 

Alfred Caldwell designed the campus landscape. Caldwall was van der Rohe's close colleague at IIT and was called  "the last representative of the Prairie School of landscape architects." Known as "the nature poet", Caldwell's plan reinforced van der Rohe's design with "landscaping planted in a free-flowing manner, which in its interaction with the pristine qualities of the architecture, introduce[d] a poetic aspect."

On the west side of Main Campus are three red brick buildings that were original to Armour Institute, built between 1891 and 1901. In 1938, Ludwig Mies van der Rohe began his 20-year tenure as director of IIT's School of Architecture (1938–1959). The university was on the verge of building a brand new campus, to be one of the nation's first federally funded urban renewal projects. Mies was given great freedom in the large project. The university grew fast enough during and after World War II to allow much of the new plan to be realized. From 1943 to 1957, several new Mies buildings rose across campus, including the S.R. Crown Hall, which houses the architecture school, and was designated a National Historic Landmark in 2001. The IIT Main Campus was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2005.

## References
Freud Museum

The **Freud Museum** was the home of Sigmund Freud and his family after they escaped the Nazi takeover of Austria in 1938. It is at 20 Maresfield Gardens in Hampstead, London.

After the death of Anna Freud, the youngest daughter, in 1982, the home became a museum. The centrepiece of the museum is Freud's study, preserved just as it was during his lifetime. 

There are two other Freud Museums, one in Vienna, and another  in Příbor, the Czech Republic, in the house where Freud was born. 

## The study
The study and library were preserved by Anna Freud after her father's death. The bookshelf behind Freud's desk contains some of his favourite authors: not only Goethe and Shakespeare but also Heine, Multatuli and Anatole France. Freud acknowledged that poets and philosophers had gained insights into the unconscious which psychoanalysis sought to explain systematically. 

The room contains the original analytic couch brought from Berggasse 19. On this patients would recline comfortably while Freud, out of sight in the green tub chair, listened to their 'free association'. They were asked to say everything that came to mind without consciously sifting or selecting information. This method became a foundation upon which psychoanalysis was built.

## Antiquities
The study is filled with antiquities from ancient Greece, Rome, Egypt and the Orient. There are some fine masks and carving from Africa. Freud visited many archaeological sites (though not Egypt). Most of the collection was got from dealers in Vienna. 

He confessed that his passion for collecting was second only to his addiction to cigars. The importance of the collection can be seen in Freud's use of archaeology as a metaphor for psychoanalysis. One example of this is Freud's explanation to a patient that conscious material 'wears away' while what is unconscious is relatively unchanging: "I illustrated my remarks by pointing to the antique objects about my room. They were, in fact, I said, only objects found in a tomb, and their burial had been their preservation".

The collection includes a portrait of Freud by Salvador Dalí.

## References 
## Other websites 
*Freud Museum website
*Freud Museum in Vienna