open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Joey Scarbury

**Joey Scarbury** (born June 7, 1955) is an adult contemporary singer best known for his hit song, "Theme from *The Greatest American Hero* (Believe It or Not)", in 1981.

Growing up in Thousand Oaks, California, Scarbury was continually encouraged in his ambition to sing by his mother. At the age of 14, after being spotted by songwriter Jimmy Webb's father, he was signed to a recording contract, and seemed to be destined for stardom. Scarbury's first single, "She Never Smiles Anymore," flopped, and he was soon without a record label. 

Scarbury, undaunted by what happened, stayed in music up through the 1970s singing backup for artists like Loretta Lynn, and occasionally recording his own material. Although he had a minor chart single with "Mixed Up Guy" in 1971, real chart success eluded him for the rest of the decade. This was to change when he started working for record producer and composer Mike Post. Post was hired along with Stephen Geyer to write the theme tune for a new TV series dubbed *The Greatest American Hero*, about a high school teacher who comes into possession of a superhero outfit, and Scarbury was chosen to record it. An extended version of the song (3:15 compared to the television theme's minute-long length), released by Elektra Records, shot up to #2 on the Billboard Hot 100. 

Scarbury could not follow it up however, and after charting at #49 with the single "When She Dances", Scarbury disappeared again from the charts. Scarbury went on to work with Post again in the mid 1980s to record the song "Back to Back", for the television series *Hardcastle and McCormick* and teamed up with Desiree Goyette to record "Flashbeagle" for the Peanuts special ''It's Flashbeagle, Charlie Brown*. He also performed the opening theme for the television series *Jennifer Slept Here*.

In 1990, Scarbury found success again as a songwriter. This time, his co-written song "No Matter How High" was recorded by The Oak Ridge Boys and was a number one country music hit. His co-writer on this song was Even Stevens who previously had found success with co-writing songs for country star Eddie Rabbitt, as well as the Kenny Rogers hit "Love Will Turn You Around" from the motion picture *Six Pack*.

His hit song from *The Greatest American Hero'' appeared in Michael Moore's film *Fahrenheit 9/11* on the scene when President George W. Bush declares the Iraq Mission Accomplished.

In 2008, Joey was back on the radio after a long absence. His single "How Do You Sleep At Night" broke the top 40.

## Discography
Scarbury has released several singles starting in 1969 on Dunhill, followed by releases on Reena, Playboy, Bell, Columbia, RCA, Big Tree, Lionel, and Elektra labels.
1 ALBUM: (1981)  ''America's Greatest Hero''

## Other websites
*IMDb Entry
*VH1 Profile
Acheulean

]]
**Acheulean** tools were a style of stone tools made and used by ancient hominids (early humans) during the Lower Palaeolithic period of the Stone Age. They were made by *Homo erectus*, Neanderthals, and, later, by early *Homo sapiens*. The oldest Acheulean tools ever found in South Asia are around 1.5 million years old.

Humans continued to use Acheulean tools until around 200,000 years ago. However, other scholars still held a pre-Darwinian view of human evolution, and they ignored Frere's ideas until other archaeologists found Acheulean tools too. Next they used stone, bone, and/or antler hammers to shape the flake into a tool.

These tools were specialized for specific uses. 

## Importance 
Acheulean tools were the dominant technology for most of human history. They were more sophisticated than Oldowan tools, an older stone tool industry. They had so many uses that archaeologists sometimes call them "the Swiss Army knives of the Stone Age."  

Acheulean tools were "a major transition in human evolution [... and] a cornerstone in the history of human technology," according to a 2016 paper. They provide important evidence of ''Homo erectus's'' cognitive skills.

## Related pages
* Stone age
* Oldowan
* Human evolution

## References
## See also 
* The Stone Tools Museum: Photos of Acheulean hand axes
Oldowan

**Oldowan** (or **Mode I**) tools were a style of stone tools that were widely used during the early Lower Paleolithic period, the first part of the Stone Age. Oldowan tool artifacts are the earliest evidence we have of human tool-making.

Ancient hominids made and used Oldowan tools from about 2.9 million years ago to about 1.4 million years ago. They were found at Nyayanga on the Homa Peninsula in Kenya, near *Paranthropus* teeth and two butchered hippo skeletons.

Oldowan tools found in Dmanisi, Georgia prove that early species of *Homo* (early humans) lived in Europe by 1.8 million years ago.

The newest Oldowan tools ever found were about 1.4 million years old.

## Description 
The Oldowan toolkit included three types of stone tools. These were hammerstones, cores and flakes.*,* such as *H. habilis, H. erectus,* and *H. ergaster*. They may have also been used by *Homo rudolfensis*, *Paranthropus boisei*, and/or *Paranthropus robustus*. They allowed humans to access new kinds of food, like bone marrow, and make things out of wood.

According to scholar Rick Potts:With these tools you can crush better than an elephant’s molar can and cut better than a lion’s canine [tooth] can. Oldowan technology was like suddenly evolving a brand-new set of teeth outside your body, and it opened up a new variety of foods on the African savannah to our ancestors.

## Related pages
* Stone Age
* Human evolution
* Stone tool
* Acheulean

## References
## See also 
* Early Stone Age Tools (with photos) from the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History
Mousterian

The **Mousterian** (or **Mode III**) is a type of stone tool used by early hominids during the Middle Paleolithic period of the Stone Age. This tool culture lasted from around 160,000 BC to 40,000 BC.

Mousterian tools were made by Neanderthals in Europe, as well as early modern humans in North Africa, the Middle East, and West Asia. They used flint stones and created specialized tools like hand axes, points, and spearheads.

The Mousterian culture was named after the type site of Le Moustier, three rock shelters in the Dordogne region of France. 

## Characteristics
### Europe 
Neanderthals in Europe made a style of tools that scientists call the European Mousterian. It existed from around 160,000 BC to 40,000 BC.

Some European Mousterian artifacts have very small points. Some were created with a process called the Levallois technique. Others used a different type of method where a flint stone core was prepared for use. Some researchers think this means Neanderthals had greater grip strength than earlier hominids.

### North Africa & Near East 
In North Africa and the Near East, early modern humans made Mousterian tools. The Mousterian industry in North Africa is estimated to be 315,000 years old.

### Middle East 
*Syria (found in a cave with a Neanderthal skeleton)
Israel is one of the places where remains of both Neanderthals and *Homo sapiens sapiens* have been found with Mousterian artifacts.

### Asia 
* The Haibak Valley in Afghanistan

### Europe 
*Atapuerca in Spain
*Gorham's Cave in Gibraltar
*Lynford Quarry in Norfolk, England
*Northwestern Croatia 
*The Istrian peninsula

## Photo gallery

File:Stone Scrapers for Cleaning & Working Leather, Mousterian Culture, Israel, 250,000-50,000.jpg|Stone scrapers for cleaning and working leather (Israel, 250,000-50,000 BC)
File:Le Moustier skull in Berlin reconstitution.jpg|Le Moustier Neanderthal skull reconstitution, Neues Museum, Berlin
File:Pointe levallois Beuzeville MHNT PRE.2009.0.203.2.jpg|Points created using the Levallois technique
File:Mousterian Culture and Late Stone Age Stone Tools. Notch for sharpening wood, and denticulate for sawing wood and bone. Rosh En Mor and En Aqev. 250,000-22,000 BP. Israel.jpg|Mousterian notch for sharpening wood, and denticulate for sawing wood and bone (Israel, 250,000-22,000 BC)
File:Mousterian & Aurignacian Cultures, Stone Burins used for incising stone and wood, Qafzeh, Hayonim, el-Wad Cave, 250,000-22,000 BP Israel (detail).jpg|Mousterian and Aurignacian stone burins for cutting stone and wood (250,000–22,000 BC). Israel Museum
File:Mousterian Culture Stone Spearheads 250,000-50,000 Israel (detail).jpg|Mousterian stone spearheads (250,000–50,000 BC). Israel Museum.

## Related pages
*Neanderthal
*Levallois technique

## References
## Other websites 
* A 3D model of a Mousterian hand axe
Explosion protection

.]]**Explosion protection** is meant to protect buildings and other civil engineering objects against internal and external explosions. It was widely believed until recently that a building subject to an explosive attack had a chance to remain standing only if it possessed some extraordinary resistive capacity.  This belief rested on the assumption that the blast load was fully beyond our control.

## Two approaches to explosion protection
:1. *Prevention*. Prevention makes an explosion impossible to occur.
:2. *Structural control*. Structural control will limit structural damage from explosion pressure and flying debris.

## Other websites
* Curtain Wall Testing
* Designing Buildings to Resist Explosive Threats 
* The world's top Blast Protection websites

## References
Žydrūnas Ilgauskas

**Žydrūnas Ilgauskas** (born June 5, 1975 in Kaunas, Lithuania) is a retired Lithuanian basketball player who played 13 seasons in the NBA. He played 12 seasons with the for the Cleveland Cavaliers and 1 season with the Miami Heat. He retired from basketball in September 2011 to spend more time with his family.

## References
## Other websites
*NBA profile
David L. Paterson

**David Lord Paterson** (born 1966) is an American screenwriter, playwright, stuntman, actor and producer.  He is the son of Katherine Paterson, the author of *Bridge to Terabithia*.

When Paterson was a boy, his best friend, an eight-year-old girl named Lisa Hill, was struck by lightning and killed.

As a stuntman, David doubled for Robin Williams in the feature, THE ANGRIEST MAN IN BROOKLYN.

In 2016 David adapted his mother's novel, THE GREAT GILLY HOPKINS, starring Sophie Nelisse, Glenn Close, Kathy Bates, Octavia Spenser and Julia Stiles. It was released through Lionsgate.

In 2024 David's documentary THE GIRL WHO WORE FREEDOM enjoyed a 110 city release centered around the 80th Anniversary of D-Day.

## References
## Other websites
*Official homepage  Retrieved 12 Feb 2007.
*
Horst Köppel

**Horst Köppel** (born 17 May 1948) is a German football manager and former player who last worked as manager for FC Ingolstadt 04 in 2009.

## Playing career
Köppel scored 83 goals in the West German top-flight.

For the West German national team he collected 11 caps.

## Managerial career
### Arminia Bielefeld
Köppel was manager of Arminia Bielefeld between 1 July 1982 and 30 June 1983.

### Bayer 05 Uerdingen
Köppel was manager of Bayer 05 Uerdingen from 1 July 1987 to 1 December 1987. Köppel was replaced by Rolf Schafstall.

### Fortuna Düsseldorf
Köppel managed Fortuna Düsseldorf from 26 March 1992 to 10 August 1992.

### Tirol Innsbruck
Köppel managed Tirol Innsbruck from 1 July 1993 to 15 May 1994.

### Urawa Red Diamonds
Köppel managed Urawa Red Diamonds from 1 February 1997 to 31 December 1997.

### Borussia Dortmund II
Köppel officially took over as manager of Borussia Dortmund II on 1 July 2001. Köppel was manager until 30 June 2004 when he decided to join Borussia Mönchengladbach's reserve side.

### Borussia Mönchengladbach
Köppel became manager of Borussia Mönchengladbach II on 1 July 2004. Dick Advocaat was hired as the new manager, ending Köppel's interim managerial term, on 1 November 2004. Köppel returned to the reserve team on 2 November 2004. Köppel became manager of the senior squad after Advocaat resigned as manager of the club on 18 April 2005. Köppel was sacked on 16 May 2006.

### Al-Wahda FC
Köppel became manager of Al-Wahda FC on 5 August 2006. Köppel was sacked on 11 October 2006.

### Ingolstadt 04
Köppel became manager of Ingolstadt 04 on 27 April 2009. Köppel was sacked on 10 November 2009.

## Managerial statistics
## Honours
### Player
* UEFA Euro 1972 winner
* European Cup runner-up: 1976–77
* UEFA Cup winner: 1974–75, 1978–79
* Bundesliga champion: 1969–70, 1970–71, 1974–75, 1975–76, 1976–77
* Bundesliga runner-up: 1973–74, 1977–78

### Coach
* DFB-Pokal: 1988–89
* DFL-Supercup: 1989

## References
## Other websites
* 
* 
* 
*
Henrique Hilário

**Henrique Hilário** (born 21 October 1975) is a former Portuguese football player.

## Career statistics
### Club
### International
## Honours
**Porto**
*Primeira Divisão: 1996–97, 1997–98
*Taça de Portugal: 1999–2000
*Supertaça Cândido de Oliveira: 1999

**Chelsea**
*FA Cup: 2008–09, 2009–10
*Football League Cup: 2006–07
*FA Community Shield: 2009

## References
Gavin McCann

**Gavin McCann** (born 10 January 1978) is an English former football player.

## Career statistics
### Club
## References
Andrew Johnson (footballer)

**Andrew Johnson** (born 10 February 1981) is an English former professional footballer who played as a striker. He played for Birmingham City, Crystal Palace, Everton, Fulham and Queens Park Rangers. 

## Career statistics
### Club
### International
## Honours
**Birmingham City**
*Football League First Division play-offs: 2002
*Football League Cup runner-up: 2000–01

**Crystal Palace**
*Football League First Division play-offs: 2004

**Individual**
*Premier League Player of the Month: October 2004,
*PFA Team of the Year: 2003–04 First Division, 2004–05 Premier League
*Crystal Palace Player of the Year: 2003–04,

## References
Evander Sno

**Evander Sno** (born 9 April 1987) is a Dutch football player. During the 2009/2010 season he was loaned out to Bristol City by Ajax.

## Club career statistics
|-
|2005–06||NAC Breda||Eredivisie||14||0||||||||||||||14||0

|-
|2006–07||rowspan="2"|Celtic||rowspan="2"|Premier League||18||1||3||0||2||0||5||0||28||1
|-
|2007–08||12||0||1||0||2||0||5||0||20||0

|-
|2008–09||Ajax||Eredivisie||11||1||||||||||4||0||15||1

|-
|2009–10||Bristol City||League Championship||||||||||||||||||||
25||1||||||||||4||0||29||1
30||1||4||0||4||0||10||0||48||1
0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
55||2||4||0||4||0||14||0||77||2
|}

## Honours
### Club
**Celtic**
* Scottish Premier League: 2006–07, 2007–08
* Scottish Cup: 2006–07

**Ajax**
* Eredivisie: 2010–11

## References
Dedê

**Leonardo de Deus Santos** (born 18 April 1978), known as **Dedé**, is a retired Brazilian professional footballer who played as either a left back or left midfielder.

## Club career statistics
|-
|1995||rowspan="4"|Atlético Mineiro||rowspan="4"|Série A||2||0
|-
|1996||3||1
|-
|1997||30||2
|-
|1998||1||0

|-
|1998–99||rowspan="12"|Borussia Dortmund||rowspan="12"|Bundesliga||29||0
|-
|1999–00||24||1
|-
|2000–01||31||3
|-
|2001–02||28||1
|-
|2002–03||30||3
|-
|2003–04||23||2
|-
|2004–05||33||0
|-
|2005–06||31||1
|-
|2006–07||30||0
|-
|2007–08||30||1
|-
|2008–09||13||0
|-
|2009–10||||
36||3
302||12
338||15
|}

## International career statistics
|-
|2004||1||0
|-
!Total||1||0
|}

## References
Élber Giovane

**Élber Giovane** (born 23 July 1972) is a former Brazilian football player. He has played for the Brazilian national team.

## Club career statistics
|-
|1991/92||rowspan="3"|Grasshopper Zürich||rowspan="3"|Nationalliga A||21||9
|-
|1992/93||21||11
|-
|1993/94||27||21

|-
|1994/95||rowspan="3"|Stuttgart||rowspan="3"|Bundesliga||23||8
|-
|1995/96||33||16
|-
|1996/97||31||17
|-
|1997/98||rowspan="7"|Bayern Munich||rowspan="7"|Bundesliga||28||11
|-
|1998/99||21||13
|-
|1999/00||26||14
|-
|2000/01||27||15
|-
|2001/02||30||17
|-
|2002/03||33||21
|-
|2003/04||4||1

|-
|2003/04||rowspan="2"|Olympique Lyonnais||rowspan="2"|Ligue 1||27||10
|-
|2004/05||3||1

|-
|2005/06||Borussia Mönchengladbach||Bundesliga||4||0

|-
|2006||Cruzeiro||Série A||21||6
69||41
260||133
30||11
21||6
380||191
|}

## International career statistics
|-
|1998||6||6
|-
|1999||4||0
|-
|2000||3||1
|-
|2001||2||0
|-
!Total||15||7
|}

## References
Tsukasa Hosaka

was a Japanese football player. He played for the Japan national team.

## Biography
Hosaka was born in Kofu on March 3, 1937. After graduating from Meiji University, he joined Furukawa Electric in 1959. He won 1960, 1961 and 1964 Emperor's Cup. In 1965, Furukawa Electric joined new league Japan Soccer League. He retired in 1968. He played 47 games in the league.

In November 1960, he was selected by the Japan national team for the 1962 World Cup qualification. At this qualification, on November 6, he debuted against South Korea. In 1962, he also played at the Asian Games. He was a regular goalkeeper in the early 1960s. In 1964, he was selected by Japan for the Summer Olympics in Tokyo. However, he did not play in the match, because he fractured his hand just before the Olympics. Instead, he was the team's reserve goalkeeper behind Kenzo Yokoyama. He played 19 games for Japan until 1964.

After retirement, Hosaka became a manager for his local club Kofu SC in 1973. He managed until 1977.

On January 21, 2018, Hosaka died of pneumonia in Kofu at the age of 80.

## Statistics
|-
|1960||1||0
|-
|1961||6||0
|-
|1962||6||0
|-
|1963||5||0
|-
|1964||1||0
|-
!Total||19||0
|}

## References
## Other websites
*
Chung Yong-dae

**Chung Yong-dae** (; Hanja 鄭容臺; born 4 February 1978), also known as **Chong Yong-De,** is a South Korean professional athlete.  He is best known as an association football player.

## Club statistics
## References
## Other websites
*
*J. League #29
*http://www.frontale.co.jp/info/2011/0201_2.html
Reto Ziegler

**Reto Ziegler** (born 16 January 1986) is a Swiss former football player.

## Career statistics
### Club
### International
:''Score and result list Switzerland's goal tally first, score column indicates score after Ziegler goal.''

## Honours
**Grasshoppers**
*Nationalliga A: 2003

**Fenerbahçe**
*Turkish Cup: 2011–12. 2012–13

**Sion**
*Swiss Cup: 2014–15

**Lugano**
*Swiss Cup: 2021–22

**Switzerland U17**
*UEFA U-17 European Champion: 2002

**Individual**
*Swiss Super League Team of the Year: 2016–17

## References
Kerlon

**Kerlon** (born 27 January 1988) is a Brazilian football player. He plays for Ajax.

## Club career statistics
|-
|2005||rowspan="4"|Cruzeiro||rowspan="4"|Série A||5||0
|-
|2006||12||0
|-
|2007||10||0
|-
|2008||0||0

|-
|2008/09||ChievoVerona||Serie A||4||0
|-
|2009/10||Internazionale Milano||Serie A||0||0

|-
|2009/10||Ajax||Eredivisie||||
27||0
4||0
0||0
31||0
|}

## References
Walden Media

**Walden Media, LLC** or **Walden Media** is a movie production and publishing company for children's movies. It is best known for making *The Chronicles of Narnia* movie series. Its movies are usually based on famous children's books. For example, *Bridge to Terabithia*. It also makes movies about biographies or historical events.

It was started in 2000 by Michael Flaherty and Cary Granat. This was when Granat was the leader of Dimension Films. Flaherty was interested in good education for children. They had lived together at Tufts University when they were younger. They said the purpose of Walden Media was to make kids have fun. The company is owned by a Christian named Philip Anschutz. Anschutz is known for his strong political opinions.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Official website
* FoxWalden website
*
Buxaceae

**Buxaceae** is a family of plants. There are five genera, with about 70 species. The family has a cosmopolitan distribution. Many family members are grown as ornamental plants. The plants are herbaceous and evergreen. Some are shrubs or small trees.

File:Buxus sempervirens0.jpg|*B. sempervirens*
Yukinori Shigeta

**Yukinori Shigeta** (born 15 July 1976) is a former Japanese football player.

## Club career statistics
|-
|1995||rowspan="4"|Verdy Kawasaki||rowspan="4"|J. League 1||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|1996||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|1997||3||0||0||0||0||0||3||0
|-
|1998||2||0||0||0||0||0||2||0
|-
|1999||rowspan="7"|Yokohama||rowspan="2"|Football League||16||0||3||0||colspan="2"|-||19||0
|-
|2000||11||0||2||0||colspan="2"|-||13||0
|-
|2001||rowspan="5"|J. League 2||38||0||0||0||3||0||41||0
|-
|2002||26||2||0||0||colspan="2"|-||26||2
|-
|2003||30||0||3||0||colspan="2"|-||33||0
|-
|2004||1||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||2||0
|-
|2005||10||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||10||0
137||2||9||0||3||0||149||2
137||2||9||0||3||0||149||2
|}

## References
The Washington Post

***The Washington Post*** is an American daily newspaper. It is Washington, D.C.'s largest newspaper. It is also its oldest and was founded in 1877. It focuses on national politics. D.C., Maryland, and Virginia editions are printed to be sold daily. Amazon's creator Jeff Bezos bought the newspaper company in 2013.

## References
Chicago Sun-Times

The ***Chicago Sun-Times*** is a newspaper that is published in Chicago, Illinois, United States. It is part of the Sun-Times Media Group. Movie critic Roger Ebert worked for the *Sun-Times* throughout his entire career.

## References
Josh Hutcherson

**Joshua Ryan "Josh" Hutcherson** (born October 12, 1992) is an American movie and television actor. He began acting early in 2000. He performed in several minor movie and television roles. He became famous in his major roles in the 2005 movies *Little Manhattan* and *Zathura*, the 2006 comedy *RV*, the 2007 family adventure movie *Firehouse Dog*, the movie adaptations of *Bridge to Terabithia*, *Journey to the Center of the Earth* and ''Cirque du Freak: The Vampire's Assistant*. 2010 He also plays the role of Himself\Self-Josh Hutcherson *Easy A* 2010 & Peeta Mellark in & the *Hunger Games* trilogy.Also he played his role in *Five Nights at Freddy's Movie'' too.

## Other websites
*Official website 
* 
*Josh Hutcherson MySpace
*Josh Hutcherson personal YouTube Channel (JawsSweetEyes)
Take That: The Ultimate Tour

***TAKE THAT: The Ultimate Tour*** is a video by boyband Take That. The video has a full length concert of Take That recorded at the City of Manchester Stadium on June 17, 2006 during the "Ultimate Tour 2006". It was released in the UK on November 6 2006 and internationally on December 7 2006. A limited edition version of the video was also released on October 23, 2006.  It contained a bonus CD with 7 of their previous hit singles.

The DVD release does not include "Sure" (which was mixed the Gorillaz version of "Dirty Harry" for the tour), usually performed between "Apache 2006" and "Relight My Fire" for an unknown reason. However a few seconds of the footage can be seen in the various DVD menus.

The DVD was re-released on November 5, 2007 on HD DVD and Blu-ray Disc.

## Tracklisting
;DVD 
# "Once You've Tasted Love"
# "Pray"
# "Today I Lost You"
# "Why Can't I Wake Up with You"
# "It Only Takes a Minute"
# "Babe"
# "Everything Changes"
# "A Million Love Songs"
# "Beatles Medley: I Want to Hold Your Hand / A Hard Day's Night / She Loves You / I Feel Fine / Get Back / Hey Jude"
# "How Deep Is Your Love"
# "Love Ain't Here Anymore"
# "Apache 2006"
# "Relight My Fire"
# "Let It Rain"
# "Back for Good"
# "Could It Be Magic"
# "Never Forget"

;Bonus Limited Edition Audio CD 
# "Pray" (Live from MEN Arena)
# "Babe" (Live from MEN Arena)
# "Everything Changes" (Live from MEN Arena)
# "A Million Love Songs" (Live from MEN Arena)
# "Back for Good" (Live from MEN Arena)
# "Could It Be Magic" (Live from MEN Arena)
# "Never Forget" (Live from MEN Arena)

## Release History 
## References
Ewing's sarcoma

'''Ewing's sarcoma''' is a type of bone cancer. It is a rare type of bone cancer which is found mainly in children. It found in boys more often than girls. It is not usually found in people over 30 years old. It is named after James Ewing, the doctor who first described it in 1921. 

People with Ewing's sarcoma usually feel pain, and may have a lump. They can get fevers and lose weight. In some cases the tumor can eat into the bone and cause it to fracture easily.

## References
Unincorporated area

An **unincorporated area** is land that is not part of a town, city, or anything like a town. Often, there are not many people there.

## By country
### The United States
Often, unincorporated areas are governed by a bigger administration, such as a county. It is usually a place that some people live, but they are not any official city. Sometimes, they are called an **unincorporated community**.

Some states have different rules for a place to become an official city. 

## References
Alessandro Pistone

**Alessandro Pistone** (born 27 July 1975) is a former Italian football player.

## Club career statistics
|-
|1993/94||Solbiatese||Serie C2||20||1
|-
|1994/95||Crevalcore||Serie C1||29||4
|-
|1995/96||Vicenza||Serie A||6||0
|-
|1995/96||rowspan="2"|Internazionale Milano||rowspan="2"|Serie A||19||1
|-
|1996/97||26||0

|-
|1997/98||rowspan="2"|Newcastle United||rowspan="2"|Premier League||28||0
|-
|1998/99||3||0

|-
|1998/99||Venezia||Serie A||10||0

|-
|1999/00||Newcastle United||Premier League||15||1
|-
|2000/01||rowspan="7"|Everton||rowspan="7"|Premier League||7||0
|-
|2001/02||25||1
|-
|2002/03||15||0
|-
|2003/04||21||0
|-
|2004/05||33||0
|-
|2005/06||2||0
|-
|2006/07||0||0

|-
|2007/08||Mons||First Division||4||0
110||6
149||2
4||0
263||8
|}
Glioma

A **glioma** is a type of brain tumor that starts in the glial cells.
 
## Treatment
Thalidomide and carmustine have been used. Surgical removal of the tumor and radiotherapy are also used.

## Related pages
*Dementia

## References
Subset sum problem

The **subset sum problem** is an important problem of computer science. It can be stated as follows: Given a set of integers, does any subset of them sum to zero?  For example, given the set { -7, -3, -2, 5, 8}, the answer is *yes* because the subset { -3, -2, 5} sums to zero.  The problem is NP-Complete. It can be reformulated to the 3SAT. 
An alternative statement of this problem is, given a set of numbers and an integer x determine whether or not there exist a subset that sums up to x.
Eg. given a set {1, 4, 6, 7} and x = 10 the answer is *yes* because {4, 6} sums to 10. 
Remember that the subsequence need not to be contiguous. For instance if x = 8 in above example the answer is still yes because {1, 7} sums to 8.
Lolol

**Lolol** () is a Chilean commune in the Province of Colchagua, O'Higgins. The town was founded in 1830. It has 2,118 inhabitants, as of 2002.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Municipalidad de Lolol
Andreas Ivanschitz

**Andreas Ivanschitz** (; born 15 October 1983) is a former Austrian retired footballer who played as an attacking midfielder.
## Career
He began his career in his local club ASK baumgarten where he played till 1989. He was discovered by SK Rapids scouts and changed to SK Rapid Wien. He was only 16 years old when he played his first match for Rapid in an Austrian Cup match against WSK Ranshofen. His debut in the first league he made in 2000 versus Wüstenrot Salzburg. He played 147 matches and scored 25 goals for Rapid. In 2006 he went on to FC Red Bull Salzburg but in summer he went to Greece playing with Panathinaikos. In 2009 he went on loan to 1. FSV Mainz 05 in the German Bundesliga. In 2011 he signed a permanent contract with Mainz.
## International
He played for the first time in the national team in February 2003 in a friendly match against France. He came in for Markus Weissenberger. He also played in the EURO 2008 team. In 2009 the new coach, Didi Constantini, told the public, that he would never call him up again.
## Club career statistics
|-
|1999–00||rowspan="7"|Rapid Wien||rowspan="7"|Bundesliga||1||0
|-
|2000–01||14||2
|-
|2001–02||24||1
|-
|2002–03||36||5
|-
|2003–04||25||7
|-
|2004–05||28||5
|-
|2005–06||18||5
|-
|2005–06||rowspan="2"|Red Bull Salzburg||rowspan="2"|Bundesliga||12||1
|-
|2006–07||1||0

|-
|2006–07||rowspan="3"|Panathinaikos||rowspan="3"|Super League||26||4
|-
|2007–08||24||3
|-
|2008–09||17||3

|-
|2009–10||Mainz||Bundesliga||||
159||26
67||10
0||0
226||36
|}

## International career statistics
|-
|2003||4||1
|-
|2004||6||1
|-
|2005||8||0
|-
|2006||8||1
|-
|2007||9||2
|-
|2008||13||2
|-
|2009||1||0
|-
|2011||3||1
|-
|2012||7||1
|-
|2013||5||1
|-
|2014||2||0
|-
!Total||65||10
|}
:''Scores and results list Austria's goal tally first, score column indicates score after each  Ivanschitz goal.''

## Family 
His son Ilia became also a professional footballer. He plays for FC Liefering in the 2nd Austrian league.

## References
Squat

**Squat** is a renowned element of many folk dances. 
In powerlifting and bodybuilding, as well as in other sports, **squat** is an exercise that strengthens the muscles of the thighs, hips and buttocks, as well as the bones, ligaments and insertion of the tendons throughout the lower body.

File:Josephine Baker 2.jpg|Squatting on tips as a dance exercise
File:US Navy 060627-N-5290S-097 Gilad of the Fit TV show, Bodies in Motion, films a show aboard the amphibious assault ship USS Bonhomme Richard (LHD 6).jpg|Side split squat at a group calisthenics
|Back-squat with barbell for fitness at gym 
 

## Health concerns
Although the squat is a basic element of weight training, it has been the subject of considerable controversy in recent years.  Some trainers allege that squats are associated with injuries to the lumbar spine and knees.  As a result, many trainers suggest that the standard barbell squat be modified in various ways.  Others, however, reject all suggestions that the exercise be abandoned, continuing to advocate the squat.

## Law and property 
*Squatting, living or using an abandoned or unused building without the permission of the owner
*Squatting (Australian history), historical Australian term for settlers occupying Crown land in order to graze livestock

## References
Istanbul Technical University

**Istanbul Technical University** is a public university in Istanbul, Turkey. Istanbul Technical University was started in 1773. According to Times Higher Education, ITU is ranked 108th in the world and 1st in Turkey in the technology and engineering.

ITU's main campus is located on the Maslak. Istanbul's subway system has a stop at ITU's Maslak campus. ITU has 13 faculties and 6 institutes.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Istanbul Technical University website, En
* Istanbul Technical University website, Tr
* ITU Mustafa Inan Library
* ITU Ninova e-Learning Center
* ARI Technopolis
* National High Performance Computing Center , Turkish language
* ITU EU Center 
* ITU Dual Degree Programs
* ITU Science Center
* ITU Radio , first university radio station in Turkey
* ITU International Office
* ITU Photo Gallery 
* Panoramic 360 ITU 
* Arıyorum Newspaper
*arı24 Online News Service, operated by students
* ITU Magazine
* Arı Bulletin of ITU 
* A|Z ITU Journal, Architecture Magazine of the Technical University
Eugène Boudin

**Eugène Boudin** (12 July 1824 – 8 August 1898) was a French painter of landscapes and seascapes. He was one of the first landscape painters to paint outdoors, rather than in a studio. He was a great influence on the French Impressionists.

Boudin was born in Honfleur, France, and was the son of a sailor. In 1835 his father opened a small shop in Le Havre where Boudin worked with him, selling stationery and making picture frames. Boudin met many artists who put their paintings for sale in the shop. In his early twenties, Boudin went to Paris to study painting. He returned often to paint the seashores around his home. 

In 1856 Boudin met Claude Monet who spent several months working with Boudin in his studio. The two remained lifelong friends. Monet later said that Boudin had been a major influence on him, teaching him to paint outdoors. Camille Corot who was one of the greatest influences on Monet and the other Impressionists, gazed at Boudin's work and said "You are the master of the sky." 

The Eugene Boudin Prize is an award given by the Société Nationale des Beaux-Arts of France.

## Related pages
* Claude Monet 
* Impressionism
Boolean satisfiability problem

The **Boolean satisfiability problem** is a kind of problem in math-based logic. In propositional logic, a formula is *satisfiable* if the variables it uses can be given values so that it becomes true. If however for a given formula, no values exist so that the formula becomes true and the formula will always be false no matter what values its variables have it is called "unsatisfiable".

This problem is also known as *Boolean or propositional satisfiability*. Computer scientists usually call it **SAT**.  Complexity theory believes that the formula should be in a special form, known as conjunctive normal form. A formula that is in this form has clauses. Clauses are joined by a "logical and". Each clause has several literals. They are joined by a "logical or". A literal and its complement cannot appear in the same clause. The problem may also have other names. The names depend on what the logical formula looks like. The names also depend on how many variables are used per clause.

A formula that satisfies 3SAT looks like the following:
:(*A*1 OR *B*1 OR *C*1) AND
:(*A*2 OR *B*2 OR *C*2) AND
:(*A*3 OR *B*3 OR *C*3) AND ...

In this case *(*A*1 OR *B*1 OR *C*1)* is an example for a clause, and *B*1 is one of the literals of this clause.

At the beginning of the 1970s, Stephen Cook and Leonid Levin showed that the problem is NP-complete. This is known as the Cook–Levin theorem. 

The problem **3SAT** uses three variables per clause. It is one of the 21 NP-complete problems. They were defined by Richard Karp in 1972.
Denny Lemaster

**Denver Clayton Lemaster** (February 25, 1939 – July 24, 2024) was a Major League Baseball pitcher. He began his career when he was signed by the Milwaukee Braves. He spent 1958-early 1962 in the minors. He joined the Braves in 1962, and pitched his first game on June 15th. He played with the Braves until 1967. They had moved to Atlanta by that time. After the 1967 season he was traded to the Astros with Denis Menke. The Braves were given Sonny Jackson and Chuck Harrison. Lemaster played with the Astros for four years. He was then sold to the Montreal Expos, but was released halfway through the season.
Lemaster died on July 24, 2024, at the age of 85.
## References
Cook–Levin theorem

The **Cook–Levin theorem** is a theorem from theoretical computer science, which says that the Boolean satisfiability problem is NP-complete. A deterministic Turing machine can change a problem in NP in polynomial time to the problem of determining whether a Boolean formula is satisfiable. An important consequence of the theorem is that if there exists a deterministic polynomial time algorithm for solving Boolean satisfiability, then there exists a deterministic polynomial time algorithm for solving *all* problems in NP. The same follows for any NP-complete problem. 

The question of whether such an algorithm exists is called the P versus NP problem and it is widely considered the most important unsolved problem in theoretical computer science. The theorem is named after Stephen Cook and Leonid Levin, who first described it in the 1970s.
Bill France, Sr.

**William Henry Getty France Sr.** (September 26, 1909 – June 7, 1992) was an American racecar driver, best known for being the co-founder of NASCAR. France was born in Washington, D.C.. He is also known as the creator of the Daytona International Speedway and the Talladega Superspeedway. France was put into the NASCAR Hall of Fame on May 23 2010.

France was the father of Bill France, Jr. (1933-2007) and grandfather of Brian France.

## References
NP-complete

An NP problem is an algorithmic problem such that if you have a case of the problem of size n, the number of steps needed to check the answer is smaller than the value of some polynomial in n. It doesn't mean one can find an answer in the polynomial number of steps, only check it. 

An NP-complete problem is an NP problem such that if one could find answers to that problem in polynomial number of steps, one could also find answers to all NP problems in polynomial number of steps. This makes NP-complete decision problems the hardest problems in NP (they are NP-hard). People spent lots of time looking for algorithms that finds answers to some NP-complete problem in polynomial number of steps, but have not found any. Because of this, if someone shows a problem to be NP-complete, it is not likely that there is an algorithm solving it in polynomial number of steps.

The unsolved problem P = NP asks whether polynomial time algorithms actually exist for NP-complete, and by corollary, all NP problems. It is widely believed that this is not the case.

The Travelling salesman problem is an NP-Complete problem.
Huaso

an wheat field, 1940.]]

A **huaso** (feminine **huasa**, but most commonly **china**) is a Chilean countryman and skilled horseman, very similar to the gauchos, cowboys, vaqueros and charros. Huasos are found in central and southern Chile. 

Huasos are an important part of the culture of Chile, and are a vital part of parades, parties, and holidays. The Region of O'Higgins is the place where are found the most of the Chilean huasos.

## Related pages
*Rodeo of Chile
*Horses of Chile
*Vaquero
*Cowboy (U.S.A)
*Gaucho (Argentina, Uruguay, Rio Grande do Sul)
*Charro (Mexican cowboy, nomad and *bandolero*)
*Guajiro (Cuba)
*Llanero (Venezuela and Colombia)
Denis Menke

**Denis John Menke** (July 21, 1940 – December 1, 2020) was a professional baseball infielder.

He was born on July 23, 1940, in Bancroft, Iowa. He was signed by the Milwaukee Braves in 1958. He came to the major leagues in 1962. 

He became a regular player in 1963. He was traded with Denny Lemaster to the Astros in 1967. He played for Houston for four years, and was elected to the All-Star team as a backup player twice. He was then part of an eight-player trade the Astros made with the Reds. The trade was Menke, Ed Armbrister, Jack Billingham, Cesar Geronimo, and future Hall-of-Famer Joe Morgan for All-star Lee May, All-star Tommy Helms, and Jimmy Stewart. 

He played in the 1972 World Series. He batted .083 in 24 at-bats.

Menke died at his home in Tarpon Springs, Florida on December 1, 2020 at the age of 80.

## References
Purchase

**Pursaching** is the  of goods or services. An item that has been bought is called a **pursache**. The opposite of a **pursache** is a . In common usage, the shorter word "buy" is typically used when shopping, rather than the word "**pursache**".

However, the word has been used in many major historical terms, including:

:* the Louisiana Pursache  (of 1803), which greatly increased the size of the U.S.;
:* the Purchsache System in the British Army;
:* the Ashbourne Irish Land Pursache Act, or similar laws;
:* a Pursache and Sale Agreement, as a contract between a buyer and seller of land (real estate).

The word *pursache* is often used in contracts with "acquisition", as in the term "Acquisitions and Mergers" (A&M) in legal agreements made between large companies. Those contracts typically state than a company was *purchased* by another company.
Gilmar Silva Santos

**Gilmar Silva Santos** (born 9 March 1984) is a Brazilian football player. He plays for Clube Náutico Capibaribe.

## Club statistics
## Honours 
;América de Natal
* Campeonato Potiguar: 2015

;Santo André
* Campeonato Paulista Série A2: 2016

## Other websites
*
Juan Pedro Benali

**Juan Pedro Benali** (born 25 March 1969) is a Spanish football manager.

Now he is currently recruited as the Head Coach of NorthEast United Football Club in the Indian Super League (ISL) in India.

## References
Manuel dos Santos (footballer)

**Manuel dos Santos Fernandes** (born 28 March 1974) is a former French football player.

## Club career statistics
|-
|1995–96||rowspan="2"|Monaco||rowspan="2"|Division 1||20||0
|-
|1996–97||2||0
|-
|1997–98||rowspan="3"|Montpellier||rowspan="3"|Division 1||32||0
|-
|1998–99||32||0
|-
|1999–00||30||0
|-
|2000–01||rowspan="4"|Olympique Marseille||rowspan="2"|Division 1||27||0
|-
|2001–02||26||0
|-
|2002–03||rowspan="2"|Ligue 1||33||1
|-
|2003–04||12||0

|-
|2004–05||rowspan="2"|Benfica||rowspan="2"|Portuguese Liga||21||0
|-
|2005–06||3||0

|-
|2005–06||rowspan="2"|Monaco||rowspan="2"|Ligue 1||15||1
|-
|2006–07||25||0
|-
|2007–08||Strasbourg||Ligue 1||18||0
272||2
24||0
296||2
|}

## Honours
**Monaco**
*Ligue 1: 1996–97

**Montpellier**
*UEFA Intertoto Cup: 1999

**Marseille**
*UEFA Cup runner-up: 2003–04

**Benfica**
*Primeira Liga: 2004–05
*Supertaça Cândido de Oliveira: 2005
*Taça de Portugal runner-up: 2004–05

## References
Georges Seurat

Seurat painted for a time with the Impressionist painters, Claude Monet, Renoir, Sisley and Pissarro. His scientific ideas about color then led him to develop a different painting . He painted in tiny dots of color, with the theory that the viewer's eye would mix them. This technique is called "pointillism".

Seurat and his followers are often referred to as the Neo-Impressionists ("New Impressionists"). His most famous paintings are *A Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grande Jatte* (18841886) in the Chicago Art Institute and *Bathers at Asnières* (1884) in the National Gallery, London.he  died in 1891, probably from some acute respiratory infection, such as diphteria, pneumonia, or meningitis, but the exact cause of his death is unclear.  

## Related pages 
* Impressionism
* Post-impressionism 
* Expressionism 
* Pointillism 

## References
Bernard Allou

**Bernard Allou** (born 19 June 1975) is a former professional footballer who played as a winger. He most notably played for Paris Saint-Germain, Nagoya Grampus Eight and Nottingham Forest. The highlight of this time at PSG was playing as they won the 1995 Coupe de la Ligue Final against SC Bastia. Born in Ivory Coast, he represented France at youth level.

## Career statistics
## References
Flavio Roma

**Flavio Roma** (born 21 June 1974) is an Italian football player. He has played for Italy national team.

## Club career statistics 
|-
|1992/93||Lazio||Serie A||0||0
|-
|1993/94||Mantova||Serie C1||3||0
|-
|1994/95||Lazio||Serie A||0||0
|-
|1995/96||Venezia||Serie B||7||0
|-
|1996/97||Fiorenzuola||Serie C1||19||0
|-
|1997/98||Foggia||Serie B||36||0
|-
|1998/99||ChievoVerona||Serie B||30||0
|-
|1999/00||rowspan="2"|Piacenza||Serie A||32||0
|-
|2000/01||Serie B||38||0

|-
|2001/02||rowspan="8"|Monaco||Division 1||21||0
|-
|2002/03||rowspan="7"|Ligue 1||28||0
|-
|2003/04||34||0
|-
|2004/05||34||0
|-
|2005/06||15||0
|-
|2006/07||38||0
|-
|2007/08||29||0
|-
|2008/09||4||0

|-
|2009/10||Milan||Serie A||||
165||0
203||0
368||0
|}

## International career statistics 
|-
|2005||3||0
|-
!Total||3||0
|}

## References
Éric Carrière

**Éric Carrière** (born 24 May 1973) is a French football player. He has played for France national team.

## Career statistics
### Club career statistics
### International career statistics
|-
|2001||5||2
|-
|2002||5||3
|-
!Total||10||5
|}

## Honours
**Nantes**
*Division 1: 2000–01
*Coupe de France: 1998–99, 1999–2000
*Trophée des Champions: 1999

**Lyon**
*Division/Ligue 1: 2001–02, 2002–03, 2003–04
*Trophée des Champions: 2002, 2003

**Lens**
*UEFA Intertoto Cup: 2005

**France**
*FIFA Confederations Cup: 2001

**Individual**
*Division 1 Player of the Year: 2001
*FIFA Confederations Cup Silver Shoe: 2001

## References
Eliézio

**Eliézio Santos Santana** (born 31 March 1987) is a Brazilian football player.

## Club career statistics
|-
|2005||Urawa Red Diamonds||J. League 1||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
Stargate (movie)

***Stargate*** is a 1994 science fiction movie, starring Kurt Russell as Colonel Jonathan Jack O'Neil, James Spader as Dr. Daniel Jackson and Jaye Davidson as Ra.

Although the movie got mixed reviews from movie critics, it did very well at the box office with a revenue of $196.6 million, which was nearly four times higher than its budget of $55 million. The financial success of this movie also started the Hollywood career of Roland Emmerich and it became a cult movie.

## Plot
In a dig at Giza in 1928,  scientists find a big metalic ring inscribed with hieroglyphics. Archeologist Doctor Daniel Jackson is called by the U.S. Air Force to translate hieroglyphics on the ring. They find out that the ring is actually a piece of alien technology that creates wormholes to transport people across the universe. A military team under the command of the U.S. Air Force Colonel Jonathan Jack O'Neil goes through the stargate with Jackson, and after the journey find out that they cannot get back to Earth. They find a city of ancient Egyptian-like people under the tyrannical rule of Ra, who is an alien posing as their god. They eventually kill Ra with a nuclear blast and figure out how to get back to Earth, but Jackson gets married and stays on the planet.

## Related pages
* Stargate SG-1
* Stargate Atlantis

## Other websites 
*
* MGM official site
* StarGate - The Motion Picture Fansite
* 
* GateGuide.net - The Stargate Website Directory 
* Producer comments  from GateWorld.  Visited May 14, 2006.
Leandro (footballer, born February 1985)

**Leandro Montera da Silva** (born 12 February 1985) is a Brazilian football player. He plays for Al-Sadd.

## Club career statistics
|-
|2005||Omiya Ardija||J. League 1||7||1||1||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||8||1
|-
|2006||Montedio Yamagata||J. League 2||40||23||2||4||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||42||27
|-
|2007||rowspan="2"|Vissel Kobe||rowspan="2"|J. League 1||32||15||0||0||3||2||colspan="2"|-||35||17
|-
|2008||25||7||1||2||4||1||colspan="2"|-||30||10
|-
|2009||Gamba Osaka||J. League 1||21||11||0||0||2||1||6||10||29||22

|-
|2009/10||Al-Sadd||Stars League||21||20||2||0||4||9||6||5||33||34
125||57||4||6||9||4||6||10||144||77
21||20||2||0||4||9||6||5||33||34
146||77||6||6||13||13||12||15||177||111
|}

## References
Alberto Aquilani

**Alberto Aquilani** (born 7 July 1984) is a former Italian football player.

## Career statistics
### Club
### International
:''Scores and results list Italy's goal tally first, score column indicates score after each Aquilani goal.''

## Managerial statistics
## Honours
### Player 
**Roma**
* Coppa Italia: 2006–07, 2007–08
* Supercoppa Italiana: 2007

**Italy U19**
* UEFA European Under-19 Championship: 2003

**Italy**

### Manager 
**Fiorentina Primavera**
* Coppa Italia Primavera: 2019–20, 2020–21, 2021–22
* Supercoppa Primavera: 2021, 2022

## References
Ben Thatcher

**Ben Thatcher** (born 30 November 1975) is an Welsh football player. He has played for Wales national team.

## Club career statistics
|-
|1993/94||rowspan="3"|Millwall||rowspan="3"|First Division||8||0||1||0||0||0||9||0
|-
|1994/95||40||1||4||0||4||0||48||1
|-
|1995/96||42||0||2||0||2||0||46||0
|-
|1996/97||rowspan="4"|Wimbledon||rowspan="4"|Premier League||9||0||0||0||0||0||9||0
|-
|1997/98||26||0||3||0||3||0||32||0
|-
|1998/99||31||0||2||0||7||0||40||0
|-
|1999/00||20||0||0||0||2||0||22||0
|-
|2000/01||rowspan="3"|Tottenham Hotspur||rowspan="3"|Premier League||12||0||0||0||3||0||15||0
|-
|2001/02||12||0||2||0||3||0||17||0
|-
|2002/03||12||0||1||0||1||0||14||0
|-
|2003/04||Leicester City||Premier League||29||1||0||0||0||0||29||1
|-
|2004/05||rowspan="3"|Manchester City||rowspan="3"|Premier League||18||0||1||0||2||0||21||0
|-
|2005/06||18||0||0||0||1||0||19||0
|-
|2006/07||11||0||0||0||0||0||11||0
|-
|2006/07||rowspan="2"|Charlton Athletic||Premier League||11||0||0||0||0||0||11||0
|-
|2007/08||League Championship||11||0||0||0||0||0||11||0
|-
|2008/09||rowspan="2"|Ipswich Town||rowspan="2"|League Championship||20||0||1||0||2||0||23||0
|-
|2009/10||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
330||2||17||0||30||0||377||2
330||2||17||0||30||0||377||2
|}

## International career statistics
|-
|2004||7||0
|-
!Total||7||0
|}

## References
Yosuke Kobayashi

**Yosuke Kobayashi** (born 6 May 1983) is a Japanese former football player.

## Club statistics
## References
*Matsumoto Yamaga
Anoxia

**Anoxia** or **hypoxemia** is a low level of oxygen in the blood. The word "anoxic" used in biology to refer to habitats with little or no oxygen.

Anoxic events occur when an area of ocean loses most of its oxygen below the surface layers.

## Related pages
*Ischaemia
*Hypoxia