open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Neustadt am Main

**Neustadt am Main** (officially: *Neustadt a. Main*) is a community in the Main-Spessart district in the *Regierungsbezirk* of Lower Franconia (*Unterfranken*) in Bavaria, Germany and a member of the *Verwaltungsgemeinschaft Lohr am Main* (municipal administrative association).

## Geography 
### Location 
Neustadt am Main is on both sides of the Main river in the Würzburg Region, around 8&nbsp;km south of the town of Lohr at the foot of the Spessart hills. It is part of the Main-Spessart district in the *Regierungsbezirk* of Lower Franconia.

The municipal territory extends quite far into the wooded hills to the west. The highest peak of the *Main-Spessart-Kreis* is in Neustadt's territory: the *Klosterkuppel* at 552&nbsp;m above sea level. In that area is the source of the ''* that flows into the Main near the town.

Out of a total municipal area of around 1,980 hectares, forest accounts for almost 1,600 ha. The two *Ortsteile* are linked by a pedestrian bridge across the Main (built 1970-71).

There are two additional (small) settlements, Aurora and , both located in the wooded hills west of the Main.

### Neighbouring communities
From the north, clockwise: 
* Lohr am Main
* Steinfeld
* Roden
* Marktheidenfeld
* Rothenfels
*  (*Gemeindefreies Gebiet*)
*  (*Gemeindefreies Gebiet*)

## References 
## Other websites 
* Neustadt-Erlach municipal website 
* *Verwaltungsgemeinschaft Lohr am Main* website 
* *Kloster Neustadt*  
* History of *Kloster Neustadt* at *Klöster in Bayern* (Haus der Bayerischen Geschichte) 
* *Pfarreiengemeinschaft 12 Apostel am Tor zum Spessart'' (Roman Catholic parish)  
* Neustadt and Erlach fire brigade
Harry Dornbrand

**Harry Dornbrand** (November 10, 1922 &ndash; May 8, 2022) was an American aerospace engineer. He was vice president, then President of Fairchild Industries Space and Electronics division. He was also President of American Satellite Corporation. He was a member of the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics. 

In 1974 he was awarded the NASA Distinguished Public Service Medal. He helped managed the ATS-6 satellite program.

Dornbrand died on May 8, 2022 at the age of 99.

## References
Rothenfels

**Rothenfels** is a town in the Main-Spessart district in the *Regierungsbezirk* of Lower Franconia (*Unterfranken*) in Bavaria, Germany and a member of the *Verwaltungsgemeinschaft* (municipal association) of Marktheidenfeld. With a population of just around 1,000 it is said to be Bavaria’s smallest town.

## Geography 
### Location 
Rothenfels is on the Main’s right edge between Lohr and Marktheidenfeld, 5&nbsp;km north of Marktheidenfeld, and 33&nbsp;km east of Aschaffenburg. Squeezed as it is between the river and a bluff, the town consists of little more than a main street. Since 2006, the *Maindamm*, previously part of the railway line  has been used as a town bypass.

### Neighbouring communities
From the north, clockwise: Neustadt am Main, Marktheidenfeld, Hafenlohr,  (*gemeindefreies Gebiet*).

### Subdivisions
Rothenfels has two *Stadtteile*, Rothenfels in the valley of the Main and Bergrothenfels on the hill, next to Rothenfels Castle ('''').

## Gallery

File:RothenfelsHauptstrasse.jpg |Main street
File:RothenfelsKirche.jpg |Church
File:RothenfelsBurg.jpg |Rothenfels Castle

## References 
## Other websites 
* Town’s official webpage  
* Rothenfels Castle
Roden, Bavaria

**Roden** is a community in the Main-Spessart district in the *Regierungsbezirk* of Lower Franconia (*Unterfranken*) in Bavaria, Germany and a member of the *Verwaltungsgemeinschaft* (Administrative Community) of Marktheidenfeld.

## Geography
### Location
Roden is between Aschaffenburg (52&nbsp;km) and Würzburg (32&nbsp;km) on the edge of the Spessart (range). To Karlstadt am Main (the district seat) it is 15&nbsp;km and to Lohr am Main the same. From the Autobahn A&nbsp;3 (Frankfurt - Würzburg), Roden can be reached through the Marktheidenfeld interchange (no. 65), and thence to Marktheidenfeld and across the Main Bridge there. A left turn at the far end of the bridge brings drivers to Roden after 7&nbsp;km.

The community is rich in woodland (about 1&nbsp;000&nbsp;ha) at the line between the Spessart's mostly bunter-based geology and that found on the *Fränkische Platte* (a flat, mostly agricultural region), which is mostly Muschelkalk-based.

### Constituent communities
The community is made up of the two centres of Roden and Ansbach.

## References
## Other websites
*Community’s official webpage
Steinfeld, Bavaria

**Steinfeld** () is a community in the Main-Spessart district in the *Regierungsbezirk* of Lower Franconia (*Unterfranken*) in Bavaria, Germany and a member of the *Verwaltungsgemeinschaft* (Administrative Community) of Lohr am Main.

Spoken here is an East Franconian dialect (according to the Language Atlas of the Bavarian Library, Lower East Franconian). The residents are often called *Steeflder Russe* in the local area.

## Geography 
### Location 
Steinfeld is between Lohr am Main and Karlstadt on the *Fränkische Platte* (a flat, mostly agricultural region), in the zone where the geology changes from bunter- to Muschelkalk-based.

The greater part of the municipal area is even today used for agriculture. Furthermore, the community also manages considerable woodlands, being in the outermost foothills of the Spessart, which borders on the west. Most workers commute to jobs in nearby towns such as Lohr, Karlstadt and Würzburg.

### Constituent communities 
Steinfeld's outlying *Ortsteile* are Hausen and Waldzell.

The community has the following *Gemarkungen* (traditional rural cadastral areas): Hausen, Steinfeld, Waldzell.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Community’s official webpage 
* Recorded sample of Steinfeld dialect (interactive map of the Bavarian Library)
Tony Vaccaro

**Tony Vaccaro** (born **Michelantonio Celestino Onofrio Vaccaro**; December 20, 1922 - December 28, 2022) is an American photographer. He is best known for his World War II photos taken in Europe during 1944 and 1945, and in Germany after World War II. He later became a fashion and lifestyle photographer for American magazines. Vaccaro was born in Greensburg, Pennsylvania.

## References
Andreas Kunz

**Andreas Kunz** (24 July 1946 – 1 January 2022) was a East German Nordic combined athlete. He won a bronze medal at the 1968 Winter Olympics in Grenoble in the Individual event. He competed for the SV Dynamo/SC Dynamo Klingenthal. He was born in Leipzig, Germany.

Kunz died on 1 January 2022 in Leipzig, at the age of 75.

## References
Jean-Guy Couture

**Jean-Guy Couture** (6 May 1929 – 2 January 2022) was a Canadian Roman Catholic prelate. He was a diocesan bishop of Chicoutimi from 1979 to 2004. He became Bishop of Hauterive in 1975. He retired in 2004. His motto was "Charity, Joy, Peace".

Couture died on 2 January 2022, at the age of 92.

## References
Bob Halloran (CBS sportscaster)

**Bob Halloran** (April 21, 1934 – January 2, 2022) was an American sportscaster. He worked with CBS Sports. He was an executive with MGM Mirage. He would commentate on golf and boxing and sports events in Las Vegas.

Halloran died at his home in Rancho Mirage, California on January 2, 2022, at the age of 87.

## References
Fighting Back

***Fighting Back*** is a 1982 American action thriller movie directed by Lewis Teague and starring Tom Skerritt, Patti LuPone, Michael Sarrazin, Yaphet Kotto, David Rasche, Lewis Van Bergen, Earle Hyman, Ted Ross, Allan Graf. It was distributed by Paramount Pictures.

## Other websites
*
Oussou Konan Anicet

**Oussou Konan Anicet Harian Maxmalon** (23 January 1989 – 3 January 2022) was an Ivorian professional footballer. He played as a forward. Anicet began his career in homeland club Africa Sports. He later played with Espérance Sportive de Tunis. 

Anicet died from a sudden illness on 3 January 2022, at the age of 32.

## References
Daniel Colliard

**Daniel Colliard** (14 August 1930 – 3 January 2022) was a French politician. He was a member of the French Communist Party (PCF). He was born in Dieppe, France. He was Mayor of Le Havre from 1994 until 1995. He was a member of the French National Assembly between 1993 until 1997.

Colliard died on 3 January 2022 in Le Havre, aged 91.

## References
Edna Child

**Edna Lilian Child** (later *Tinegate*, born 10 October 1922) is a British diver. She won a gold medal at the 1950 British Empire Games and a bronze at the 1938 European Championships and finished sixth at the 1948 Summer Olympics.

## References
Mario Lanfranchi

**Mario Lanfranchi** (30 June 1927 – 3 January 2022) was an Italian movie, theatre, and television director, screenwriter, producer, collector, and actor. His best known movie was the 1968 western movie *Death Sentence*. He also directed the opera *Madama Butterfly*.

Lanfranchi died in Rome, Italy on 3 January 2022, at the age of 94.

## Works 
* *Madama Butterfly*
* *La fanciulla del West* 
* *La sonnambula*
* *Turandot*
* *Lucia di Lammermoor* 
* *Tosca*
* *La serva padrona*
* *La traviata*
* *Lucia di Lammermoor*

## References
## Other websites
*
Silvino Adolfo Morais

**Silvino Adolfo Morais** (19 July 1956 – 3 January 2022) was an East Timorese politician. He was a member of Fretilin. He was a member of the National Parliament from 2018 to 2022. 

Morais died from problems caused by a heart attack in Dili, East Timor on 3 January 2022, at the age of 65.

## References
National Parliament (East Timor)

The **National Parliament** (, ) is the unicameral national legislature in East Timor. It was created in 2001. National Parliament has 65 members, elected every 5 years through party-list proportional representation voting. 

## Other websites
* Parliament of East Timor
* News reports about the East Timor National Parliament
* About the Parliament
Jay Wolpert

**Jay Wolpert** (January 29, 1942 – January 3, 2022) was an American television producer and screenwriter. He was born in New York City. Wolpert was a producer for the game show *The Price is Right*.  He won the 1969 Jeopardy! Tournament of Champions.  Wolpert also wrote the screenplay for *The Count of Monte Cristo* and *Pirates of the Caribbean: The Curse of the Black Pearl*.

Wolpert died on January 3, 2022 in Los Angeles, California from problems caused by Alzheimer's disease, aged 79.

## References
Niels Holst-Sørensen

**Niels Holst-Sørensen** (19 December 1922 – 24 October 2023) was a Danish athlete and air force officer. He was the commander-in-chief of the Royal Danish Air Force between 1970 until 1982. He was Denmark's military representative to NATO between 1982 until 1986. He won gold and silver medals at the 1946 European Athletics Championships. He was a member of the International Olympic Committee from 1977 to 2002.

## References
The Count of Monte Cristo (2002 movie)

***The Count of Monte Cristo*** is a 2002 American historical adventure movie. It is based on the 1844 novel of the same name by Alexandre Dumas. It was produced by Roger Birnbaum, Gary Barber, and Jonathan Glickman. It was directed by Kevin Reynolds.

It stars Jim Caviezel, Guy Pearce, and Richard Harris. 

## References
Michael Billen

**Michael Billen** (4 October 1955 – 4 January 2022) was a German politician. He was a member of the Christian Democratic Union of Germany. He was in the Landtag of Rhineland-Palatinate from 1996 to 2020. He was born in Trier, West Germany.

Billen died from leukemia in Mainz, Germany on 4 January 2022, at the age of 66.

## References
Jim Corsi (baseball)

**James Bernard Corsi** (September 9, 1961 – January 4, 2022) was an American baseball pitcher. He played ten seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB).  He played for the Oakland Athletics, Houston Astros, Florida Marlins, Boston Red Sox, and Baltimore Orioles from 1988 to 1999. He was born in Newton, Massachusetts.

Corsi announced on January 3, 2022 that he had terminal colon and liver cancer. He died the next day in Bellingham, Massachusetts from colon and liver cancer, aged 60.

## References
## Other websites
Jud Logan

**Judson Campbell Logan** (July 19, 1959 – January 3, 2022) was an American athlete. He won a gold medal in the hammer throw at the 1987 Pan American Games in Indianapolis. He competed in four Summer Olympics, starting in 1984.  His best finish was 13th in the qualifying round in 1984. Logan was born in Ashland, Ohio.

Logan died on January 3, 2022 from problems caused by COVID-19 in Canton, Ohio at the age of 62. He was being treated for leukemia before his death.

## References
Hilton Cheong-Leen

**Hilton Cheong-Leen**, CBE, JP (6 August 1922 – 4 January 2022) was a Hong Kong politician and businessman. He was an elected member of the Urban Council of Hong Kong for 34 years from 1957 to 1991. He was also the first Chinese chairman of the council from 1981 to 1986. From 1973 to 1979, he was appointed unofficial member of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong. From 1985 to 1988.

Cheung-Lee died in Hong Kong on 4 January 2022, at the age of 99.

## References
Anatoliy Kuksov

**Anatoliy Yakovych Kuksov** (; 21 November 1949 – 4 January 2022) was a Soviet footballer and a Ukrainian coach. He made eight appearances for the Soviet Union national football team in 1972 and also won an Olympic bronze medal in 1972.

Kuksov died in Luhansk, Ukraine on 4 January 2022, at the age of 72.

## References
Javier Astúa

**Javier Astúa Araya** (6 November 1968 – 4 January 2022) was a Costa Rican professional footballer. He played as a forward. He played for the Costa Rica national football team between 1992 until 1994, making thirteen appearances.

Astúa died on 4 January 2022 from heart disease in San José, Costa Rica, at the age of 53.

## References
Onychonycteris

**Onychonycteris** is an extinct genus of bat, which lived during the  Eocene period, 52.5 million years ago, in the area that is now Wyoming. One species has been described, *Onychonycteris finneyi.*  Using this species, it could be shown that these primitive bats first developed the ability to fly, before they had echolocation.

## References
Tu'u Maori

'''Tu'u Maori''' (22 November 1988 – 4 January 2022) was a Papua New Guinea international rugby league footballer. He played as a wing or center. He played in the Australian National Youth Championship for the Cronulla Sharks and Sydney Roosters. He played for the Papua New Guinea national rugby league team in 2008.

Maori died from motor neurone disease in Auckland, New Zealand on 4 January 2022, at the age of 33.

## References
José de Jesús Sahagún de la Parra

**José de Jesús Sahagún de la Parra** (born 1 January 1922) is a Mexican Roman Catholic prelate. Sahagún de la Parra was born in Cotija, Mexico. He became a priest in 1946. Parra became bishop to the Tula Diocese on May 22, 1961. He became Diocese of Ciudad Lázaro Cárdenas on September 11, 1985. He resigned on May 3, 1993. 

Sahagún de la Parra turned 100 in January 2022.

## References
Amagansett, New York

**Amagansett**  is a census-designated place in Suffolk County, New York, United States. As of the 2020 United States Census, the CDP population was 1,824. Amagansett hamlet was founded in 1680.

## References
César Yanes Urías

Colonel **César Yanes Urías** (24 April 1920 &ndash; 4 December 2024) is a Salvadoran politician and military official. He was a member of the Junta of Government. He ruled the country from 26 October 1960 until 25 January 1961. He was a member of the Salvadoran naval forces.

Yanes Urías turned 100 in April 2020.

## References
2022 Kazakh unrest

**Bloody January** was a series of protests that began in Kazakhstan on 2 January 2022 after a sudden sharp increase in gas prices. The Kazakh government said this was because of high demand and price fixing. The protests began in the oil town of Zhanaozen and quickly spread to other cities. 

President Kassym-Jomart Tokayev called for a state of emergency from 5 to 19 January.

## References
Stelios Serafidis

**Stelios Serafidis** (; 6 August 1935 – 4 January 2022) was a Greek international footballer. He played as a goalkeeper for AEK Athens from 1953 until 1972. Serafidis played for the national team once in 1963. He was born in Athens, Greece.

Serafidis died on 4 January 2022 in Athens from prostate cancer at the age of 86.

## References
Dennis Eckersley

**Dennis Lee Eckersley** (born October 3, 1954), nicknamed **"Eck"**, is an American former professional baseball pitcher. He is a sports commentator for the New England Sports Network (NESN). Eckersley was born in Oakland, California. His career began in 1975.

He pitched in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Cleveland Indians, Boston Red Sox, Chicago Cubs, Oakland Athletics, and St. Louis Cardinals. Eckersley retired in 1998. He was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame in 2004.

## References
## Other websites
*Dennis Eckersley at SABR (Baseball BioProject)
Northglenn, Colorado

The **City of Northglenn** is a home rule municipality in Adams and Weld counties, Colorado, United States. Northglenn is a part of the Denver–Aurora–Lakewood, CO Metropolitan Statistical Area. In the 2020 census, it said the city's population was 38,131.

## References
Wiesthal

**Wiesthal** is a community in the Main-Spessart district in the *Regierungsbezirk* of Lower Franconia (*Unterfranken*) in Bavaria, Germany and a member of the *Verwaltungsgemeinschaft* (municipal association) of Partenstein. It has a population of around 1,300.

## Geography 
### Location 
Wiesthal is in the Aschaffenburg region in the Aubach valley in the *Mittelgebirge* Spessart.

### Subdivision
The community has the following *Gemarkungen* (traditional rural cadastral areas): Krommenthal and Wiesthal. These are also the two *Ortsteile*.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Community’s official webpage
Zellingen

**Zellingen** is a market community in the Main-Spessart district in the *Regierungsbezirk* of Lower Franconia (*Unterfranken*) in Bavaria, Germany and the seat of the *Verwaltungsgemeinschaft* (Administrative Community) of Zellingen.

## Geography 
### Location 
Zellingen is in the region of Würzburg on the river Main. The community has the following *Gemarkungen* (traditional rural cadastral areas): Duttenbrunn, Retzbach, Zellingen.

## References
Altenbuch

**Altenbuch** is a community in the Miltenberg district in the Lower Franconia region in Bavaria, Germany. and a member of the Stadtprozelten Municipal association. Altenbuch has around 1,200 residents.

## Geography 
### Location 
Altenbuch is in the Bavarian Lower Main (*Bayerischer Untermain*) region in the Spessart (range).

### Subdivisions
The community has the following *Gemarkungen* (traditional rural cadastral areas): Altenbucher Forst, Oberaltenbuch, Unteraltenbuch, Altenbucher Leibstuhl.

## References 
## Other websites
Brighton, Colorado

**Brighton** is a home rule municipality city located in Adams and Weld counties, Colorado, United States. Brighton is the county seat of Adams County and a part of the Denver–Aurora–Lakewood, CO Metropolitan Statistical Area. The city population was 40,083 at the 2020 United States Census.

## References
Bellingham, Massachusetts

**Bellingham** () is a town in Norfolk County, Massachusetts, United States. The population was 16,945 at the 2020 census.

## References
Renault 12

The **Renault 12** is a mid-size car produced by Renault of France from 1969 to 1996. It was produced in Argentina, Mexico, Venezuela, Spain, Colombia, Turkey, and Romania. In the latter country, it was produced by its manufacturer Dacia, under the name Dacia 1300 until the 2000s. 

The Renault 12 is a four-door sedan (although there are versions with station wagon body), front engine and front wheel drive.

1975 Renault 12 TL Break front side.jpg|Renault 12 sation wagon

Renault 12 Gordini 2.jpg|Renault 12 Gordini

R12TL.JPG| Renault 12 TL
Toride, Ibaraki

is a city in Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan.

## Neighboring cities 
* Tsukubamirai, Ibaraki
* Ryugasaki, Ibaraki
* Moriya, Ibaraki
* Tone, Ibaraki
* Abiko, Chiba
* Kashiwa, Chiba

## Sister City 
* Guilin, Guangxi, China
* Yuba, California, USA
Sérgio Vieira de Mello

**Sérgio Vieira de Mello** (; 15 March 1948 – 19 August 2003) was a Brazilian United Nations diplomat. He worked on many humanitarian and political programs for over 34 years.

He was killed in the Canal Hotel bombing in Iraq on 19 August 2003. He was seen a likely candidate for UN Secretary-General. Posthume he was awared the United Nations Prize in the Field of Human Rights in 2003.

## References
Oil palm

**Oil palm** is the  name of different species of palm trees, which are mainly used to produce vegetable oil:

* The genus Elaeis contains two species, which are used to produce palm oil
* The Coconut palm (Cocos nucifera) is used to produce coconut oil
* The Maripa palm (Attalea maripa) produces edible fruit; seeds of these palms have been found at sites dating to 9.000 BP.
Ioannis

**Ioannis** or **Ioannes** (), shortened to **Giannis** or **Yannis** (Γιάννης) is a Greek name.  

## People 
*Ioannis Alevras, Greek politician (1912-1995)
*Ioannis Demestichas, Greek Navy officer (1882-1960), known for his participation in the Macedonian Struggle under the name *Kapetan Nikiforos*
*Ioannis Doukas, Greek painter (1841-1916)
*Ioannis Dullardi, Flemish philosopher and logician
*Ioannis Grivas, Greek politician (1923-2016)
*Ioannis Kapodistrias, Greek politician (1776-1831)
*Ioannis Mitropoulos, Gymnast
*Ioannis Palaiokrassas, Greek politician (1934-2021)
*Ioannis Petridis, Greek politician (1931-2016)
*Ioannis Sarmas, Greek politician (1957-)
*Ioannis Tassias, Priest (1958-2020)
*Ioannis Veryvakis, Personnel in the Military (1930-2019)
Southern highland tree frog

The **southern highland tree frog** (*Dryophytes euphorbiaceus*) is a frog that lives high in the hills in southern Mexico.

## References
Amorbach

**Amorbach** is a town in the Miltenberg district in the Lower Franconia region in Bavaria, Germany.  About 4,000 people live there. It is on the small river Mud, in the northeastern part of the Odenwald.

## Further reading 
*Norbert Schmitt “Amorbacher Familienbuch 1618-1913, mit Angaben über die Familien von Amorbach (Stadt), Beuchen; Boxbrunn (mit Neidhof), Buch (mit Walkmühle); Gönz (mit Sansenhof; bis 1878); Gottersdorf (mit Kummershof; bis 1908); Neudorf, Otterbach (mit Schafhof); Reichartshausen und Zittenfeld, sowie Schneeberg und Hambrunn (1618-1688)”; Verlag = Pfarrgemeinde St. Gangolf, Amorbach, 1998

## References
## Other websites 
*  
* Amorbach Tithe Barn 
*
Bürgstadt

**Bürgstadt** is a market community in the Miltenberg district in the Lower Franconia region in Bavaria, Germany and the seat of the  Administrative Community of Erftal. Bürgstadt is a winegrowing community in the wine region of Franconia. About 4,300 people live there.

## Geography 
### Location 
Bürgstadt is at the opening of the river Erf where it releases into the Main and has grown together with the district seat of Miltenberg being to the southwest. It is at the northeast edge of the Odenwald hill, on the boundary with Baden-Württemberg.

## Further reading 
* Wolfgang Meister: *Die Martinskapelle in Bürgstadt.* Zeugnis von Kunstsinn und Glaubenseifer einer Landgemeinde um 1600, Bürgstadt 2004 ()

## References 
## Other websites 
* Town’s official webpage 
* Lower Main history portal
Triefenstein

Markt **Triefenstein** () is a market community in the Main-Spessart district in the *Regierungsbezirk* of Lower Franconia (*Unterfranken*) in Bavaria, Germany. It was created in 1978 out of the villages Homburg am Main, Lengfurt, Rettersheim and Trennfeld.

## Geography 
### Location 
Markt Triefenstein is part of the Main-Spessart district of Bavaria. It is on the river Main between Marktheidenfeld and Wertheim am Main. To the south it borders on Baden-Württemberg.
 
The community has four *Gemarkungen* (traditional rural cadastral areas): Homburg am Main, Lengfurt, Rettersheim and Trennfeld. Homburg am Main and Lengfurt are on the left side of the Main. Rettersheim and Trennfeld are on the right side.

## References
## Other websites 
*  
* Triefenstein Monastery 
* History of Triefenstein Monastery at the *Haus der Bayerischen Geschichte* 
* *Ortsteil* of Homburg 
* Papiermühle Homburg
Elaeis

***Elaeis*** (from Greek 'oil') is a genus of palms with two species, called **oil palms**. They are used in commercial agriculture in the production of palm oil. The African oil palm *Elaeis guineensis* (the species name *guineensis* refers to its country of origin) is the main source of palm oil. It is native to west and southwest Africa. It can be found between Angola and Gambia. The American oil palm *Elaeis oleifera* (from Latin  oleifer 'oil-producing') is native to tropical Central and South America, and is used locally for oil production.

## Description 
Mature palms are single-stemmed, and can grow well over  tall. The leaves are pinnate, and reach between  long. The flowers are produced in dense clusters; each individual flower is small, with three sepals and three petals.

The palm fruit is reddish, about the size of a large plum, and grows in large bunches. Each fruit is made up of an oily, fleshy outer layer (the pericarp), with a single seed (the palm kernel), also rich in oil.

## Species 
The two species, *E. guineensis* and *E. oleifera* can produce fertile hybrids. The genome of *E. guineensis* has been sequenced, which has important implications for breeding improved strains of the crop plants.

## Human use 
These palms are grown commercially, mainly for three reasons:

* The production of palm oil. Palm oil contains more Saturated fats than most other vegetable oils. It can withstand deep-frying heat and resists oxidation. It also contains no  trans fat.
* Oil from the African oil palm is used as biofuel.
* These palms can be used to produce fiber.

In coastal West Africa, the use of these palms may date back about 5.000 years. Palm oil was discovered in a tomb at Abydos, dating back to 3.000 BCE.

Especially the African oil palm is widely cultivated in tropical countries outside Africa.  Today, most of the commercially produced palm oil comes from Malaysia and Indonesia.

## Controversy 
Palm oil is controversial. This controversy is not based on palm oil itself, but on the conditions how it is produced. Very often, rainforest, with a high biodiversity is destroyed to make room for palm oil plantations. The companies producing the palm oil also often force people to move away and change their way of life. Especially in Indonesia, there is growing pressure for palm oil producers to prove that they are not harming rare animals in the cultivation process.

In 2018 a Christmas TV advertisement by UK supermarket chain Iceland Foods Ltd, produced by Greenpeace, was banned by the UK advertising watchdog Clearcast, as it was deemed too political.  Iceland Foods had committed to banning palm oil from its own-brand products by the end of 2018.

## References 
## Other websites 
*
Urspringen

**Urspringen** is a community in the Main-Spessart district in the *Regierungsbezirk* of Lower Franconia (*Unterfranken*) in Bavaria, Germany and a member of the *Verwaltungsgemeinschaft* (Administrative Community) of Marktheidenfeld.

## Geography 
### Location 
Urspringen is in the Würzburg Region.
 
The community has only the *Gemarkung* (traditional rural cadastral area) of Urspringen.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Community’s official webpage
Marfan Syndrome

**Marfan Syndrome** is a genetic disorder that causes defective connective tissue. This can effect the skeleton, heart blood vessels, eyes and lungs. Normally, the interstitial space of body tissue is full of microfibrils. This is strong rope like structure that provide tissue integrity and common connective tissue.

The main component of microfibrils is a glycoprotein called fibrillin. 

Approximately 1 in 5000 individuals is affected by Marfan syndrome. Around 75% of those with the condition inherit it from a parent. However, in some cases, Marfan syndrome occurs in someone with no family history of the disorder, which is referred to as a spontaneous mutation. 

## References
Yvette Prieto

**Yvette Prieto** (born March 26, 1978) is an American model of cuban decent. Prieto is the wife of basketball legend Michael Jordan. She has modeled for designer Alexander Wang. She has also appeared in the documentary *Cuba: An Island Apart* as herself.

Prieto was born in Cuba to Carlos and Maria Prieto. She grew up in Miami. Prieto married Jordan in April 27, 2013, at Bethesda-by-the-Sea Episcopal Church. The couple have twin daughters Ysabel and Victoria. They were born on February 9, 2014.

## References
Brandon Scott

**Brandon Scott**  (born April 8, 1984) is an American politician. He has been the mayor of Baltimore, Maryland since 2020. He is the former president of the Baltimore City Council and was a candidate for Lieutenant Governor of Maryland in 2018. 

On May 6, 2019, Scott was elected to replace Jack Young as council president after Young replaced Mayor Catherine Pugh. In September 2019, Scott announced his candidacy for mayor and won the June 2020 Democratic primary. Scott won the November 3 general election and took office on December 8, 2020.

## References
Erin Mendenhall

**Erin Mendenhall** (born June 8, 1980) is an American politician. She is the mayor of Salt Lake City, Utah since 2020.

## References
Collenberg

**Collenberg** is a community in the Miltenberg district in the Lower Franconia region in Bavaria, Germany. About 2,400 people live there.

## Geography 
### Location 
Collenberg is on the right edge of the Main, 13&nbsp;km away from Miltenberg and 18&nbsp;km from Wertheim. Along the Main between Collenberg and Freudenberg runs the boundary between Bavaria and Baden-Württemberg. Behind Collenberg are the wooded hills of the Spessart.

### Subdivisions
Collenberg's *Ortsteile* are Fechenbach, Reistenhausen and Kirschfurt.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Community portrait
* Lower Main history portal
Malia Obama

**Malia Ann Obama** (born July 4, 1998) is the elder daughter of the 44th president of the United States Barack Obama and Michelle Obama.

## Early life 
Malia Ann Obama was born at University of Chicago Medical Center on July 4, 1998, as the elder of two daughters to Barack Obama and Michelle Obama. She was delivered by her parents' friend and physician Anita Blanchard. Her younger sister is Sasha Obama.

Obama and her sister were named two of "The Most Influential Teens of 2014" by *TIME* magazine.

## Career 
Obama made her television debut in a 2008 episode of *Access Hollywood*.

## References
Tommy Matchick

**John Thomas Matchick** (September 7, 1943January 4, 2022) was an American professional baseball infielder. He played six seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB).  He played for the Detroit Tigers, Boston Red Sox, Kansas City Royals, Milwaukee Brewers, and Baltimore Orioles from 1967 to 1972.

Matchick died on January 4, 2022, at the age of 78.

## References
Darryl Owens

**Darryl T. Owens** (November 10, 1937 – January 4, 2022) was an American politician and lawyer. He was a Democratic Party member of the Kentucky House of Representatives from 2005 to 2019. Owens retired from the House in 2018. 

Owens died on January 4, 2022, at the age of 84.

## References
Älihan Smaiylov

**Älihan Asqanūly Smaiylov** (, ; born 18 December 1972) is a Kazakh politician. He was the Prime Minister of Kazakhstan from 2022 until 2024. 

He was the First Deputy Prime Minister of Kazakhstan during the Askar Mamin government from 2019 until 2022. Аt the same time he was the Minister of Finance from September 2018 until May 2020.

## Biography
Smaiylov was born in the city of Alma-Ata (now Almaty) in the Kazakh SSR. In 1994 he graduated in applied mathematics from the Kazakh National University Al-Farabi and then in 1996 from the KIMEP University where he obtained a master's degree in public administration.

## References
Kingsburg, California

**Kingsburg** (formerly, **Kings River Switch, Wheatville, Kingsbury, Drapersville, Farleyville, and Kingsburgh**) is a city in Fresno County, California.

## References
Kenny J

**Kenwrick Joseph** (15 July 1952 – 2 January 2022), known professionally as **Kenny J**, was a Trinidad and Tobago musician. He was also  the Assistant superintendent of Police. He is best known for his soca parang hits including *The Paint Brush*.

Kenny J died on 2 January 2022 from COVID-19.

## References
Keishu Tanaka

was a Japanese politician. He was in the House of Representatives from 1983 until 1990, from 1996 until 2005 and again from 2009 until 2012. Tanaka was born in Sōma, Japan. Tanaka was Minister of Justice for a short time in October 2012 during the Yoshihiko Noda government.

Tanaka died on 4 January 2022 at a hospital in Yokohama, Japan from problems caused by cirrhosis, aged 83.

## References
Paula Vogel

**Paula Vogel** (born November 16, 1951) is an American playwright. She won the 1998 Pulitzer Prize for Drama for her play *How I Learned to Drive*. From 2008 to 2012, Vogel was a professor at the Yale School of Drama.

## References
Slim Pickens

**Louis Burton Lindley Jr.** (June 29, 1919 – December 8, 1983), better known by his stage name **Slim Pickens**, was an American actor and rodeo performer. He is best known for his roles in *Dr. Strangelove*, *Blazing Saddles*, *1941*, and *One-Eyed Jacks*.

## References
Francisco Álvarez Martínez

**Francisco Álvarez Martínez** (14 July 1925 – 5 January 2022) was a Spanish prelate of the Catholic Church. He became a cardinal in 2001. He was born in Llanera, Spain.

Álvarez Martínez was archbishop of Toledo from 1995 to 2002. He was bishop of Tarazona from 1973 to 1976, of Calahorra y La Calzada-Logroño from 1976 to 1989, and of Orihuela-Alicante from 1989 to 1995. 

Álvarez Martínez died on 5 January 2022 in Madrid, Spain at the age of 96.

## References
Kim Mi-soo

**Kim Mi-soo** (16 March 1992 –  4January 2022) was a South Korean actress and model. Her career began in 2018. She was known for her role as Yeo Jung-min in JTBC's *Snowdrop* (2021-22).

Kim died on 5 January 2022, aged 29.

## References
Neil Nongkynrih

**Neil Nongkynrih** (9 July 1970 – 5 January 2022) was an Indian pianist, songwriter and music educator. He was the founder, mentor, and conductor of Shillong Chamber Choir (SCC). He won the reality show ''India's Got Talent'' in 2010. He was awarded Padma Shri in 2015. Nongkynrih was born in Shillong, Meghalaya, India.

Nongkynrih died on 5 January 2022 from problems caused by surgery at a hospital in Mumbai, India at the age of 51.

## References
Anne Fausto-Sterling

**Anne Fausto-Sterling** (née **Sterling**; born July 30, 1944) is an American sexologist and geneticists. She is a professor at Brown University. Her works focuses on biology of gender, sexual identity, gender identity, gender roles, and intersexuality. Her research has has an impact on multiple fields such as biology, women's studies, feminist anthropology, and many more.

Fausto-Sterling has a Bachelor of Science degree in Zoology from the University of Wisconsin and a Ph.D. in developmental genetics from Brown University. She taught at Brown University for 40 years and taught courses in biology and gender studies. She was also the director and founder of the Science & Technology Studies Program at Brown University. Fausto-Sterling retired from Brown University in 2014.

## Research 
Fausto-Sterling explains biological ideas using a feminist point of view. The topics she speaks on most of the time include sex, gender, and human genetics. Fausto-Sterling uses *Dynamic Systems theory,* which comes from developmental psychology, to describe how people’s infancy and early childhood affect them in adulthood. A dynamic systems model is based on development and done over a long period of time. The gender/sex theory states that the infant and their caregiver, through their way of life, will give the infant a sense of gender/sex in their world. This can impact them later in life and could have an influence on their sexuality or gender identity.

### Other Research Interests 
* Feminism & Feminist Theory
* Feminist Sexology
* Construction of Sexuality
* Intersex Activism: Through her work, Fausto-Sterling has been an advocate for intersex people. These are people born with sexual anatomy that does not fit into the typical category of male and female. Her work has come to the conclusion that 1.7% of births are of an intersex child. She proposes a spectrum of sex that is not limited to male or female.
* Gender/Sex Model:
* Sexing the Body: Gender Politics and the Construction of Sexuality (2000)
* Sex/Gender: Biology in a Social World (2012)

### Book Chapters 
* Nature in *Critical Terms for the Study of Gender* (2014)*.* Edited by Catherine R. Stimpson and Gilbert Herdt.

She has also written other works like journal and online articles.  

## References
Lawrence Brooks (American veteran)

**Lawrence Brooks** (September 12, 1909 – January 5, 2022) was an American veteran of the United States Army. He was the oldest living man in the United States. A supercentenarian, he was the oldest known American World War II veteran. He was born in Norwood, Louisiana.

Brooks died on January 5, 2022, in his New Orleans home, at the age of 112.

## References
Jaakko Jonkka

**Jaakko Ilari Jonkka** (12 February 1953 – 4 January 2022) was a Finnish politician and lawyer. He was the Chancellor of Justice of Finland from 2007 to 2017. Jonkka was born in Lavia, Finland.

Jonkka died on 4 January 2022 in Helsinki, Finland at the age of 68.

## References
Olga Szabó-Orbán

**Olga Szabó-Orbán** (née *Orbán*; 9 October 1938 – 5 January 2022) was a Romanian foil fencer. She won a silver medal at the 1956 and two bronze medals in 1968 and 1972. Szabó-Orbán was born in Cluj, Romania.

Szabó-Orbán died on 5 January 2022 in Cluj at the age of 83.

## References
Hollywood, Pennsylvania

**Hollywood** is an unincorporated community in the southern portion of Abington Township, Montgomery County, Pennsylvania, United States. The community is known for its California-style streets and homes.

## References
The Namibian

***The Namibian*** is the largest daily newspaper in Namibia. It is published in English and a section in Oshiwambo on Fridays.

## References
Greg Robinson (American football coach)

**Gregory McIntosh "Gerg"  Robinson** (October 9, 1951 – January 5, 2022) was an American football coach and player. Robinson was the head football coach at Syracuse University from 2005 to 2008. 

He was an assistant coach with several other college football programs and for three teams in the National Football League (NFL): the New York Jets from 1990 to 1994, the Denver Broncos from 1995 to 2000, and the Kansas City Chiefs from 2001 to 2003. He was born in Los Angeles, California.

Robinson died on January 5, 2022 in Carpinteria, California from problems caused by Alzheimer's disease, aged 70.

## References
Cujo (movie)

***Cujo*** is a 1983 American horror movie directed by Lewis Teague and was based on the 1981 Stephen King novel of the same name. It stars Dee Wallace, Daniel Hugh-Kelly, Danny Pintauro, Ed Lauter, Christopher Stone, Jerry Hardin, Kaiulani Lee and was distributed by Warner Bros.. The story is about a rabid Saint Bernard dog who kills people and terrorizes a mother and her small son.

## Other websites
* 
* 
* 
*
Frank Borzage

**Frank Borzage** (; April 23, 1894 – June 19, 1962) was an Academy Award-winning American movie director and actor.

## Filmography
He was known for directing *7th Heaven* (1927), *Street Angel* (1928), *Bad Girl* (1931), *A Farewell to Arms* (1932), ''Man's Castle* (1933), *History Is Made at Night* (1937), *The Mortal Storm* (1940) and *Moonrise'' (1948).

## References
Lattimer, Pennsylvania

**Lattimer** is a village and census-designated place (CDP) in Hazleton, Pennsylvania, Luzerne County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 567 at the 2020 census.

## References
Anatole Novak

**Anatole Novak** (12 February 1937 – 5 January 2022) was a French professional road bicycle racer. He was born in La Mure, France. Novak participated at the Tour de France in 1961 and 1964.

Novak died on 5 January 2022 at the age of 84.

## References
## Other websites
* Official Tour de France results for Anatole Novak
Joyce Beatty

**Joyce Marie Beatty** (; née **Birdsong**, March 12, 1950) is an American politician. She is the U.S. representative for Ohio's 3rd congressional district since 2013. She is the chair of the Congressional Black Caucus since 2021. Beatty is a member of the Democratic Party.

## References
Nutri-Score

The **Nutri-Score** is a rating system that shows how healthy a piece of food is. In 2017, the French government selected it over several other, similar systems. The idea is to put the label on the front of products, so that consumers can easily compare.  It is based on the calculation of a nutrient profiling system derived from the United Kingdom Food Standards Agency nutrient profiling system (FSA score). as well as the European Commission and the World Health Organization.

## Calculation 
A Nutri-Score for a particular food item is given in one of five classification letters: 'A' is the best, and 'E' the worst score. The calculation of the score involves seven different parameters of nutrient information per 100g of food which are usually available on food packagings.

High content of fruits and vegetables, fibers, protein and healthy oils (rapeseed, walnut and olive oils, rule added in 2019) promote a better score, while high content of energy, sugar, saturated fatty acids, and sodium promote a worse score. In addition to the general calculation rules applied to most types of food, there are special rules for cheese, for “added fats” (fats that are meant as ingredients, such as vegetable oils or butter), and for beverages.

## Adoption 
EU laws do not allow countries to impose their own food labelling system, therefore they can only give recommendations.

The Nutri-Score has been officially recommended by health authorities in France, Germany, Belgium, Netherlands, Luxembourg, Spain and Switzerland.

In Portugal, Slovenia and Austria, some food companies such as Nestlé, Auchan or Danone announced that they would use the Nutri-Score although it was not officially recommended by the authorities.

Opposition to Nutri-Score is coming from a coalition of countries including Italy, the Czech Republic, Cyprus, Greece, Hungary, Latvia, and Romania. The Italian government has proposed a competing food label system. Southern EU countries say Nutri-score puts the traditional Mediterranean diet at a disadvantage.

The score is also used by Open Food Facts to allow people to compare the nutritional value of products.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Development of a new front-of-pack nutrition label in France: the five-colour Nutri-Score , article in the WHO's *Public Health Panorama* (vol. 3, issue 4) which describes the Nutri-Score in detail
* Official website at Santé Publique France
Renault 19

The **Renault 19** is a car produced by the French car manufacturer Renault between 1988 and 1996. In Turkey and in Argentina, production continued until 2000. The internal development code for the 19 was **X53**, with the five door receiving the *B53* chassis code, the three door being the *C53*, the Chamade the *L53*, and the Cabriolet the *D53*.

## Engines 
Petrol:
*1.2 L C1G I4
*1.2 L E7F I4
*1.4 L C2J I4
*1.4 L E6J I4
*1.6 L C2L/C3L
*1.7 L F2N/F3N I4
*1.8 L F2P/F3P I4
*1.8 L F7P DOHC 16-valve I4
Diesel:
*1.9 L F8Q I4
*1.9 L F8Q turbo I4
Calvin Trillin

**Calvin Marshall Trillin** (born 5 December 1935) is an American journalist, humorist, food writer, poet, memoirist and novelist. From 1975 to 1987, Trillin wrote articles for *Moment Magazine*. He has also written for *The Nation* magazine. 

## Related pages 
*List of poets from North America

## References
Lhasa de Sela

**Lhasa de Sela** (September 27, 1972 – January 1, 2010) was an American-Canadian singer-songwriter. Her first album, *La Llorona* won a Félix Award and a Juno Award.

Lhasa recorded a third album, titled *Lhasa*, but she was diagnosed with breast cancer in 2009 around the time it was released. She died from the disease on January 1, 2010 in Montreal, aged 37.

## References
Nutritional rating system

"A" product]]
A **nutritional rating system** tries to communicate the  nutritional value of food in a simple way: Foods are ranked, foods that have a higher "score", get a better ranking. In the end, the ranking is communicated with a label and a color. Some of these systems are targeted at a specific audience. Some systems use stars or points to rate the  general nutritional value, other systems only look at certain attributes, for example cholesterol or sugar content.
Big Indian, New York

**Big Indian** is a hamlet within the Town of Shandaken in Ulster County, New York, United States.

## References
England Made Me (movie)

***England Made Me*** is a 1973 British Serbian drama movie directed by Peter Duffell and was based on the 1935 novel of the same name by Graham Greene. It stars Peter Finch, Michael York, Hildegarde Neil, Joss Ackland, Tessa Wyatt, Michael Hordern, Richard Gibson, Lalla Ward, Vladan Živković, Vlado Bacic.

## References 
## Other websites
*
Stephanie Tubbs Jones

**Stephanie Tubbs Jones** (September 10, 1949 – August 20, 2008) was an American politician. She was the U.S. representative for Ohio's 11th congressional district from 1999 until her death in 2008. She was a member of the Democratic Party.

On August 19, 2008, Tubbs Jones suffered a cerebral hemorrhage caused by a ruptured aneurysm while driving her car in East Cleveland, Ohio. She was hospitalized and died the next day, aged 58.

## References
Johor Corporation

**Johor Corporation** (**JCorp**) is a state principal development institution in Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia owned by the Johor State government.

## History
The company was opened in 1968 with the name **Johor State Economic Development Corporation** (**JSEDC**). The company started its operation on 1 August 1970. In 1995, the company was renamed to **Johor Corporation**.

## Business
In 2021, the company has a total asset of MYR23 billion. In 2016, the company had more than 250 subsidiaries in various industries, such as fast food, health care, plantation, property and real estates. In 2016, it had more than 63,000 workforce in total.

## References
## Other websites
* Corporate homepage
Tony P. Hall

**Tony Patrick Hall** (born January 16, 1942) is an American Democrat politician and businessman. He was a member of the U.S. House of Representatives, representing Ohio's 3rd congressional district from 1979 to 2002. From 2002 to 2006, Hall was United States Ambassador to the United Nations Agencies for Food and Agriculture during the George W. Bush presidency.

During his time in Congress, Hall was known for introducing legislation that would have apologized for slavery in the United States.

## References
Project Hail Mary

***Project Hail Mary*** is a novel by American writer Andy Weir. It is his third science fiction book. It was published in the United States in May 2021.

## Presentation 
*Project Hail Mary* is the third novel by American writer Andy Weir, after *The Martian* (2014), which has sold five million copies in the United States, and *Artemis*. It was published in the United States in May 2021, under the title ''''.

## Summary 
An astronaut, Ryland Grace, wakes up with amnesia in a spaceship, millions of kilometers from Earth. He little by little finds out that he is humanity's last hope, and he has to save lives on Earth from mass extinction.

## Movie adaptation 
The Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer company got the right to make a movie about this novel for three million dollars.

## References 
## Other websites 
* “Project Hail Mary”, on www.isfdb.org, Internet Speculative Fiction Database, October 2021.
Worldbuilding

**Worldbuilding** is the process of creating a world that does not exist. Parts of it include creating languages, and writing. Genres of it include Sci-Fi, low fantasy, high fantasy, and steampunk.

Most famous worldcreators are considered J.R.R.Tolkien, C.S.Lewis. 

## References
Coneheads (movie)

***Coneheads*** is a 1993 American science fiction comedy movie directed by Steve Barron and starring Dan Aykroyd, Jane Curtin, Sinbad, Michelle Burke, David Spade, Chris Farley, Jan Hooks, Michael McKean, Eddie Griffin, Phil Hartman, Adam Sandler, Jason Alexander, Peter Aykroyd, Dave Thomas, Parker Posey, Drew Carey. It was distributed by Paramount Pictures.
## References 
## Other websites
* 
* 
* 
*