open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Barákapuszta

**Barákapuszta** is a former village, now a part of Zichyújfalu, Hungary.

## Geography 
It currently has a population of around 15 (in 2013). Barákapuszta an area of 0.8 km².

## History 
The settlement founded of 17th century.
## References
Chris Clifford

**Chris Clifford** (born May 26, 1966 in Kingston, Ontario) is a Canadian retired ice hockey goaltender.

## Playing career
Before playing in the NHL, Clifford played 1 season with the Kingston Canadians of the OHL.

He was drafted by the Chicago Black Hawks with the 111th overall pick in the 1984 NHL Entry draft. He played 1 game with them but went back down to the OHL to play with the Canadiens again. He won the Bobby Smith Trophy in 1985-86 and became the first goaltender in Ontario Hockey League history to score a goal.

After spending 3 seasons with the Canadiens, he played for the Saginaw Hawks of the IHL. He played 22 games with them and was called up to play 1 game for the Black Hawks. After that game, he went back down to the IHL to play 7 games with Saginaw and 23 games with the Muskegon Lumberjacks.

He went to the ECHL to play 10 games with the Virginia Lancers and then returned to the Lumberjacks to play 1 season. After his season with the Lumberjacks was over, Clifford played 2 games for the Fort Wayne Komets and left for the ECHL to play for the Louisville Icehawks. After play the 1993-94 season with them, Clifford retired from playing professional ice hockey.

## Other websites 
*
Paradox of thrift

The **paradox of thrift** is the idea that during a recession, people will want to save more money. But if everyone saves money, then the economy can slow down even more, reducing peoples' income as a result. It is often linked with John Maynard Keynes. It is a main theory of Keynesian economics.

It is a kind of prisoner's dilemma: saving benefits each individual but damages the general population. This is a paradox because it is contrary to . Someone might think that what seems to be good for an individual in the economy will be good for the entire population. However, exercising thrift may be good for an individual by enabling that individual to save for a "rainy day", and yet not be good for the economy as a whole.

There is little agreement as to how important this is in a modern economy. Modern economies are huge, and much affected by other national economies.
Mora (ship)

The ***Mora*** was William the Conqueror's flagship for his invasion of England in 1066. It served as his personal ship between England and Normandy afterwards. It was the largest and fastest ship in his invasion fleet. The Mora was a gift to William by his wife Matilda of Flanders.

## The ship
The *Mora* was built at Barfleur in Normandy. It was a gift from Matilda of Flanders to her husband  Duke William of Normandy. It was completed in the summer of 1066. The captain of the ship was Stephen, the son of Airard. Stephen was the captain of the Mora for over twenty years.  Orderic Vitalis described the ship: "it had for its figurehead the image of a child, gilt, pointing with its right hand towards England, and having in its mouth a trumpet of ivory. *Mora* carried multicolored sails and at the top of the mainmast was the papal banner (Pope's flag), consecrated and sent to William from Rome. The banner was described as "a square white banner charged with a gold cross within a blue border."

## Maiden voyage 
Before sunset on September 27th, according to William of Poitiers, Duke William's invasion fleet left for England. The Mora led the fleet. Mora carried a lantern on her mast so she could be seen in the dark. A horn also let the other ships know where the Mora was. It might be named for the *Morini*, ancient inhabitants of Flanders.  This is where Matilda was from. The Latin word *mora* has several meanings, none of which seem likely. These range from 'delay' or 'pause' to 'foolish' or 'foolish woman'. Also is the possibility that *Mora* was an anagram of *Amor*.

## Notes
## References
Function space

In mathematics, a **function space** is a set of functions of a given kind from a set X to a set Y. For example:
*In set theory, the set of functions from X to Y may be written X → Y or YX.
Mario and Donkey Kong: Minis on the Move

***Mario and Donkey Kong: Minis on the Move*** is a puzzle video game for the Nintendo 3DS game console. It is the fifth game in the *Mario vs. Donkey Kong* series. It was released on Nintendo's eShop service on May 9, 2013 in Europe and North America, and July 24, 2013 in Japan.

In the main game, the player has to place blocks on a grid with the goal of making a path for a Mini (a small walking robot that looks like Mario or another character in the *Mario* series) to get from a warp pipe to the goal. The player has to avoid obstacles like Shy Guys and spikes. Each level has three colored coins that the player can collect. Collecting all three coins gives the player a star token. Star tokens can be used to unlock more gameplay modes, levels, and toys. There are more than 180 levels in four modes of gameplay. There are also four minigames that can be unlocked.

The game has a level creation mode where the player can create their own levels using pieces from the game. They can also control how often tiles fall. Created levels can be saved and shared using StreetPass after the player is able to complete the level that they have created. The levels can also be shared through Nintendo Wi-Fi Connection, where players can download levels created by other players.

## References
## Other websites
* Official website (North America)
* Offical website (Europe)
John Winthrop

**John Winthrop** (1588–1649) was the first governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony. Winthrop was born in Edwardstone, Suffolk. He was an English lawyer from a rich landowning family. He led a large group of Puritans from England in 1630. Winthrop served as governor to the newly formed Massachusetts Bay Colony and held that position for twelve years. He was one of the chief founders of New England. He saw the colony as a Puritan "City upon a hill" and a model to western Christianity. 

## References or Sources 
## Other websites 
* John Winthrop (1588-1649), American Literature Sites, Washington State University
Economic liberalization

**Economic liberalization** is a theory about applying the ideas of classical liberalism to the government of a state: In very broad terms, it is about removing as much state control as possible from the economy. The state that follows this path often allows privately owned companies to do some things that governments usually do. 

*The state can introduce competition in an economic sector while still controlling a publicly held company. This is the case with many railway systems, for example in France
*The state can privatize a publicly held company, and guarantee a monopoly on the services it offers: This has been the case with the ocmpany responsible for transporting electricity in France, called Réseau de Transport d'Électricité (RTE). It is a subsidiary of Électricité de France (EDF).
Diddy Kong Racing

***Diddy Kong Racing*** is a racing video game for the Nintendo 64 game console. It was developed and published by Rareware. It is the first spin-off of the *Donkey Kong Country* series. It was released on November 14, 1997 in North America, and on November 21, 1997 in Japan and Europe.

*Diddy Kong Racing* has gameplay that is similar to *Mario Kart 64*. It has an adventure mode with several worlds that have several race tracks, a battle stage, and a race against a boss. Players can choose to use a car, a hovercraft, or a plane, although some tracks make the player use one of those. Each track has boosters that make the player go faster, and balloons that give the player an item that they can use during the race. Players can choose from 10 characters. Two of the game's characters, Conker and Banjo, would later star in their own games. Conker went on to star in ''Conker's Bad Fur Day*, while Banjo went on to star in *Banjo-Kazooie*.

A remake for the Nintendo DS called *Diddy Kong Racing DS'' was released on February 5, 2007 in North America and on April 20, 2007 in Europe. It has better graphics and use of the console's touch screen. Banjo and Conker do not appear in it.

## Characters
*Diddy Kong
*Krunch
*Bumper the Badger
*Banjo
*Conker
*Tiptup the Turtle
*Timber the Tiger
*Pipsy 
*Drumstick the Rooster (Unlockable)
*T.T. (Unlockable)
*Taj the Genie (Playable in DS remake)
*Wizpig (Playable in DS remake): Main antagonist
*Tricky the Triceratops (Dino Domain Boss)
*Bluey the Walrus (Snowflake Mountain Boss)
*Bubbler the Octopus (Sherbet Island Boss)
*Smokey the Dragon (Dragon Forest Boss)

## Non-Playable Characters
*Taj

## Bosses
*Wizpig
*Tricky the Triceratops
*Bluey the Walrus
*Bubbler the Octopus
*Smokey the Dragon
  
## References
## Other websites
*Official *Diddy Kong Racing* site (Archive)
Jacques Cloutier

**Jacques Cloutier** (born January 3, 1960 in Noranda, Quebec) is a Canadian retired ice hockey goaltender. He currently works as the associate coach for the Calgary Flames.

## Playing career
Before playing in the NHL, Cloutier played 4 seasons in the QMJHL with the Trois Rivieres Draveurs.

He was drafted by the Buffalo Sabres with the 55th overall pick in the 1979 NHL Entry draft. He played 144 games with Sabres and 136 games with their AHL affiliate, Rochester Americans. After his time with Sabres, he played 2 seasons with the Chicago Blackhawks and 58 games with the Quebec Nordiques. He retired from playing professional ice hockey in 1994.

After retiring, Cloutier became the assistant coach of the Cornwall Aces for 2 seasons, the assistant coach for the goaltending coach for the Quebec Nordiques/Colorado Avalanche for 12 seasons and is the current associate coach of the Calgary Flames.

## References
## Other websites 
*
Bluefish

The **bluefish** (***Pomatomus saltatrix***) is a kind of fish which occurs in the Atlantic Ocean, the Mediterranean, the Black Sea, the Indian Ocean and the Pacific. It is a pelagic fish, which means that it lives near the surface of the ocean. They can grow to a size of  and reach a weight of . In the wild, they live to be about nine years old. 

Bluefish are predators: they hunt other fish, in small groups. Bluefish are caught commercially, and there is a problem with overfishing. 

Sometimes another species, Rock salmon or Coal fish is erroneously called Bluefish.

It is the only species in the family **Pomatomidae**, in the genus ***Pomatomus***.

One extinct relative of the bluefish is *Lophar miocaenus*, from the Late Miocene of Southern California.

## References
Chesapeake Bay Bridge–Tunnel

The **Chesapeake Bay Bridge–Tunnel** (**CBBT**) is a combination bridge and tunnel in the U.S. state of Virginia. It is  long. It crosses the mouth of the Chesapeake Bay. It connects the Delmarva Peninsula's eastern shore with Virginia Beach and the metropolitan area of Hampton Roads, Virginia.

## Sources
Barcode reader

A barcode reader or barcode scanner is an electronic input device which is able to scan and decode barcodes. These devices use optical technology such as infrared light. Some readers use an integrated decoder, others have one unit for reading the barcode, and another one to decode the barcode. A barcode reader also called a price scanner or point-of-sale (POS) scanner, is a hand-held or stationary input device used to capture and read the information contained in a bar code. A barcode reader consists of a scanner, a decoder (either built-in or external), and a cable used to connect the reader with a computer. Because a barcode reader merely captures and translates the barcode into numbers and/or letters, the data must be sent to a computer so that a software application can make sense of the data. Barcode scanners can be connected to a computer through a serial port, keyboard port, or an interface device called a wedge. A barcode reader works by directing a beam of light across the bar code and measuring the amount of light that is reflected back. The dark bars on a barcode reflect less light than the white spaces between them. The barcode scanner then converts the reflected light energy into electrical energy, which is converted into data by the decoder and forwarded to a computer.

There are five basic barcode readers -- pen wands, slot scanners, Charge-Couple Device (CCD) scanners, image scanners, and laser scanners. A pen wand is the simplest barcode reader. It contains no moving parts and is known for its durability and low cost. A pen wand can present a challenge to the user, however, because it has to remain in direct contact with the bar code, must be held at a certain angle, and has to be moved over the bar code at a certain speed. A slot scanner remains stationary and the item with the bar code on it is pulled by hand through the slot. Slot scanners are typically used to scan bar codes on identification cards. A CCD scanner has a better read range than the pen wand and is often used in retail sales. Typically, a CCD scanner has a "gun" type interface and has to be held no more than one inch from the bar code. Each time the bar code is scanned, several readings are taken to reduce the possibility of errors. A disadvantage of the CCD scanner is that it cannot read a bar code that is wider than its input face. An image scanner, also called a camera reader, uses a small video camera to capture an image of the bar code and then uses sophisticated digital image processing techniques to decode the bar code. It can read a bar code from about 3 to 9 inches away and generally costs less than a laser scanner. A laser scanner, either hand-held or stationary, does not have to be close to the bar code in order to do its job. It uses a system of mirrors and lenses to allow the scanner to read the bar code regardless of orientation, and can easily read a bar code up to 24 inches away. To reduce errors, laser scanning may perform up to 500 scans per second. Specialized long-range laser scanners are capable of reading a bar code up to 30 feet away.

## References
Polly Scattergood

**Polly Scattergood** (born 18 October 1986, Colchester, Essex, England), is a British singer-songwriter. She went to the BRIT School. 

## Career
Her first album, *Polly Scattergood*, was released by Mute Records in 2009. Her second album *Arrows* was released in October 2013. It took three and a half years to make. The first single from *Arrows*, "Wanderlust", was released in April 2013. On January 21 2014 the video for "Subsequently Lost" was posted on Vimeo.  She has remixed "Reunion" by M83 and "You Will Find A Way" by Maps.

## References
BRIT School

The **London School for Performing Arts & Technology**, more commonly known as **The BRIT School** for Performing Arts & Technology, is a school in Croydon, London, England. It opened in 1991. It is the only free performing arts school in the United Kingdom. OFSTED rated it as 'outstanding'.

## Notable past students
*Amy Winehouse
*Adele
*Jessie J
*Imogen Heap
*Kate Nash
*Leona Lewis
*The Kooks
*Rizzle Kicks
*
The Kooks

**The Kooks** are a English rock band. They formed in Brighton in 2002. In July 2005 they released their first single, "Eddie's Gun". They are signed to Virgin Records.

## Albums 
* *Inside In/Inside Out* (2006)
* *Konk* (2008)
* *Junk of the Heart* (2011)

## References
## Other websites
* 
*
Marcello Malpighi

**Marcello Malpighi** (10 March 1628 – 29 November 1694) was an Italian doctor, who gave his name to several physiological features, like the Malpighian tubule system.

Although the microscope was invented early in the 17th century, it was not much used until Robert Hooke improved the instrument. Then Marcello Malpighi, Hooke, Nehemiah Grew and Antonie van Leeuwenhoek had a virtually untried tool in their hands as they began their investigations.   

Working on frogs and extrapolating to humans, Malpighi demonstrated the structure of the lungs, previously thought to be a homogeneous mass of flesh, and he offered an explanation for how air and blood mixed in the lungs.   

## References
Ragnar Frisch

**Ragnar Anton Kittil Frisch** (3 March 1895 – 31 January 1973) was an Norwegian economist. He won the first Nobel Prize in Economics with Jan Tinbergen in 1969. He studied at the University of Oslo. 

## Nobel Prize
He was also the co-winner with Jan Tinbergen of the first Nobel Prize in Economics in 1969 for his works with econometrics.

## Studies
He is known for having founded the discipline of econometrics, and in 1933 to have created the widely used term pair macroeconomics/microeconomics.

## Personal life
Frisch was married to Marie Smedal from 1920 until her death in 1952. Then he was remarried to Astrid Johannessen from 1953 until his death in 1973. Frisch had one daughter with Smedal. 

## Death
Frisch died on 31 January 1973 in Oslo, Norway from a stroke, aged 77.

## References
## Other websites
* Autobiography at Nobel e-Museum
* Ragnar Frisch at nobel-winners.com
* IDEAS/RePEc
Birinus

**Birinus** (died 650), also **St. Birinus** was a missionary to Wessex and the first Bishop of Dorchester. His feast day is celebrated on December 3rd.

## Career 
Birinus may have been a Lombard by birth. He was sent by Pope Honorius I to help convert pagans in Anglo-Saxon England. The pope first sent him to Genoa. There 
Archbishop Asterius of Milan consecrated Birinus as a bishop. He had planned to go to the midlands of England to preach there. But when he found the Gewisse in Wessex were completely pagan, he decided to stay with them. This may have been a condition of the marriage between Oswald and Cynegils's daughter, Cyneburh. He gave Bishop Birinus the city of Dorchester and several churches so he could convert the pagans in Wessex.

## Relics of St. Birinus 
After 660 there were no more West Saxon Bishops at Dorchester. Along with part of Berkshire it was taken over by Mercia. The new see for Wessex was now at Winchester. Some time around 690–700 Bishop Hedda of Winchester had the relics (bones) of St. Birinus moved from Dorchester to Winchester. In 1223 monks of Dorchester abbey located the tomb of a former Bishop. The body was dressed in the garments and tunic of a bishop so they believed it was St. Birinus. At the time of the discovery miracles were claimed. One claim was that a dumb child could suddenly speak English and French. The monks sent their findings to Rome. The pope wrote to Stephen Langton, the Archbishop of Canterbury asking him to manage the translation. But a problem caused the ceremony to be delayed. Archbishop Langton discovered the body had already been moved to Winchester . Both Dorchester and Winchester claimed to have the relics of Bishop Birinus. For that reason two feast days were observed for him, December 3rd and 4th. The Catholic Church recognizes December 3rd. A shrine was created for him in the 14th century. It was later destroyed, but it has been rebuilt since.

## Notes
## References
M83

**M83** is a French electronic music band. They formed in 2001. The band is named after a spiral galaxy. They have released eight albums. Their seventh album is the soundtrack to the science fiction movie *Oblivion*.

## Other websites 
* Official website
Kellita Smith

**Kellita Smith** (born January 15, 1969) is an American actress, model, comedian  and voice talent. She was born in Chicago, Illinois and raised in Oakland, California.

## References 
## Other websites 
*
Jeremy Suarez

**Jeremy Steven Suarez** (born July 6, 1990) is an American actor. He was born in Burbank, California.

## References 
## Other websites 
*
Camille Winbush

**Camille Simoine Winbush** (born February 9, 1990) is an American actor, voice talent and comedian. She was born in Culver City, California. She is perhaps best known for acting in *The Bernie Mac Show*.

## References 
## Other websites 
*
Artisan

An **artisan** is a skilled worker who makes things with his or her hands. The things artisans make can be either for use or for decoration. Some of the things they make are furniture, sculpture, clothing, jewellery, household items, and tools. 

Sometimes artisans make things by hand that are usually made by machine today. The hand-made items can be called "artisanal". Some of those items are food products, including bread, beverages or cheese.
Richard Stone

**Sir John Richard Nicholas Stone** (30 August 1913 &ndash; 6 December 1991) was a British economist. He won the Nobel Prize in Economics in 1984.

## Early life
Stone was born on 30 August 1913 in London, England. He studied at the Cambridge University. 

## Career
In 1984, Stone received the Nobel Prize in Economics. He won the Nobel Prize for developing an accounting model that could be used to track economic activities on a national and, later, an international scale. 

He is sometimes known as the 'father of national income accounting', and is the author of studies of consumer demand statistics and demand modeling, economic growth, and input-output.

## Personal life
Stone was married to Winifred Mary Jenkins from 1936 until they divorced in 1940. Then he was married to Feodora Leontinoff from 1941 until her death in 1956. Then he was married to Giovanna Croft-Murray Saffi from 1960 until his death in 1991. Stone had one daughter, Caroline Stone.

## Death
Stone died on 6 December 1991 in Cambridge, England from pneumonia, aged 78.

## Works
* Richard Stone and Giovanna Saffi Stone, *Social Accounting and Economic Models* (1959)
* Richard Stone and Giovanna Saffi Stone, *National Income and Expenditure* (1961)

## References
## Other websites
* Nobel prize page
* Biography
* IDEAS/RePEc
Jan Tinbergen

**Jan Tinbergen** (April 12, 1903 &ndash; June 9, 1994) was a Dutch economist. He won the first Nobel Prize in Economics with Ragnar Frisch.

## Early life
Tinbergen was born on April 12, 1903 at The Hague. He studied at Leiden University.

## Nobel Prize
He was awarded the first Nobel Prize in Economics in 1969. He shared the award with Ragnar Frisch for having developed and applied dynamic models for the analysis of  economic processes. Tinbergen was a founding trustee of Economists for Peace and Security.

## Tinbergen's debate
Tinbergen’s econometric picture lead to a debate between other several known economists such as J.M. Keynes, Ragnar Frisch and Milton Friedman. The debate is sometimes called the Tinbergen debate.

## Personal life
Tinbergen was never married. He also had no children. He died on June 9, 1994 at The Hague from natural causes, aged 91. Niko Tinbergen is his brother.

## Some books
* *Business Cycles in the United States, 1919–1932*, Geneva, 1939 and New York, 1968
* *Business Cycles in the United Kingdom, 1870–1914*, Amsterdam, 1951
* *On the Theory of Economic Policy*. Second edition (1952) is Volume 1 of *Contributions to Economic Analysis*, Amsterdam: North-Holland.
* *Centralization and Decentralization in Economic Policy*, Amsterdam, 1954 .
* *Economic Policy: Principles and Design*, Amsterdam, 1956
* *The Element of Space in Development Planning* (together with L.B.M. Mennes and J.G. Waardenburg), Amsterdam, 1969
* *The Dynamics of Business Cycles: A Study in Economic Fluctuations*. Chicago: U of Chicago P, 1974. .
* *Der Dialog Nord-Süd: Informationen zur Entwicklungspolitik*. Frankfurt am Main: Europ. Verlagsanstalt, 1977.
* *Economic policy: Principles and Design*. Amsterdam, 1978. .

## References
## Other websites
* TINBERGEN, Jan in: *Biografisch Woordenboek van het Socialisme en de Arbeidersbeweging in Nederland*
* Jan Tinbergen College (Dutch website)
* IDEAS/RePEc
* Profile at The International Institute of Social Studies  (ISS)
Bobby Lee

**Robert** "**Bobby**" **Lee, Jr.** (born September 17, 1971) is an American stand-up comedian, actor, singer, dancer, voice artist, and comedian, best known for his work on *MADtv*.

He was born in San Diego, California.

## Notes and References
## Other websites
* 
* Official MADtv Website
Donkey Kong Jr.

***Donkey Kong Jr.*** is an arcade video game made by Nintendo in 1982. It is the sequel to *Donkey Kong*. The game was ported to many home video game consoles, including the NES, Atari 2600, Atari 7800, and ColecoVision.  It was released for the Wii's Virtual Console in 2006. It was later released for the Nintendo 3DS from the Nintendo eShop service in 2012.

## Gameplay
Donkey Kong Jr. (also called Junior or DK Jr.) has to rescue his father Donkey Kong from Mario. The player has to go through four stages; each of which have a different theme. To move through the stage, DK Jr. can climb vines/chains/ropes. He can go down faster by holding only one vine, or go up faster by holding two of them. He has to avoid enemies that are in each stage. To complete the first three stages, DK Jr. has to reach the key at the top. In the fourth stage, he has to push six keys into locks near the top of the stage. After the player completes all four stages, the game goes back to the first stage and is more difficult.

## References
## Other websites
**Donkey Kong Junior* at the Killer List of Videogames
*
Donkey Kong Barrel Blast

***Donkey Kong Barrel Blast***, known as ***Donkey Kong Jet Race*** in Europe and Australia and as ***Donkey Kong Barrel Jet Race*** in Japan, is a racing video game for the Wii game console. It was released in Japan on June 28, 2007, in North America on October 8, 2007, in Europe on January 25, 2008, and in Australia on February 7, 2008. It was originally going to be released on the Nintendo GameCube and was going to use the DK Bongos, but was moved to the Wii.

## Gameplay
*Donkey Kong Barrel Blast* is a racing game where the player controls their character with the Wii Remote and Nunchuk. To move their character, the player has to shake the Wii Remote and Nunchuk, lift them at the same time to jump, and use the controller's motion sensor to beat their opponents and use items. The main mode of play is a Grand Prix like the one seen in the *Mario Kart* series. There is also a Time Trial mode where players can race on one track without opponents.

## References
## Other websites
* Official webite
* *Donkey Kong: Barrel Blast*  at Nintendo
Jordan Peele

**Jordan Peele** (born February 21, 1979) is an American actor, comedian, director, producer and writer. Peele directed and wrote the 2017 horror movie *Get Out*, for which he won an Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay.

## Early Life
Peele was born on February 21, 1979, in New York City and raised by a single mother on the Upper West Side of Manhattan. He graduated from the Calhoun School and attended Sarah Lawrence College in Yonkers, New York. He dropped out of college after two years to pursue comedy.

## Career
Peele joined the cast of the sketch comedy show MADtv in 2003. He became friends with fellow cast member Keegan Michael-Key. The two became a comedy duo, and later co-starred in their own sketch show, Key & Peele.

**As Filmmaker**

## References
Mechi Zone

**Mechi** (), was one of the fourteen zones of Nepal and one of the four zones of Eastern Development Region. It was the easternmost zone of Nepal, with its headquarters at Ilam.

## Geography
The Mechi Zone had Sikkim and West Bengal (India) to the east, Bihar (India) to the south, the Koshi Zone to the west and the Tibet Autonomous Region (People's Republic of China) to the north.

It was the smallest zone of the Eastern Development Region with an area of  and a population of only 1,422,182 people living there in 2011. Its population density is 173.5 persons/km2.

The most important river in the Mechi Zone is the **Mechi**, tributary of the Mahananda River. Another river is the Tamar River.

In the northern part of the zone, mainly in the Taplejung district that is in the eastern Himalayas, there are several high mountains. The highest is **Kanchenjunga** () that, with  high, is the third highest mountain of the world; it is on the border with Sikkim and in the Kanchanjungha Conservation Area.

## Administrative subdivisions
The zone had 4 Districts and 190 Village Development Committees/Municipalities (VDC - the smallest administrative units):

## Main VDCs and municipalities
The VDCs and municipalities with more inhabitants are found in the Jhapa district, mainly the municipalities of Damak (75,102) and Mechinagar (57,545); others in the same district are Anarmani (42,712), Surunga (27,470) and Satasidham (26,171).

In the Ilam district, the main VDCs and municipalities are the municipality of Ilam (18,633), Chulachuli (17,324), Danabari (14,302), Phikal Bazar (11,264).

In the Panchthar district, the only important VCS is Phidim (17,399), and in the Taplejung district is Phungling (14,974).

## Related pages
*Zones of Nepal
*Districts of Nepal
*Development Regions of Nepal

## References
## Other websites
* Map of Nepal: Taplejung District
M61 Vulcan

**M61 Vulcan** is a hydraulic and pneumatic autocannon. It has six barrels. It is cooled by air and fires by the power of electricity. It is a Gatling-style rotary cannon. The size of its caliber is 20 mm. It has a very high rate of fire. It has been the main gun of United States military fixed-wing aircraft since the late 1960s and is also used elsewhere. It was made by General Electric at first, and later by General Dynamics.

## References
Ms. Pac-Man

***Ms. Pac-Man*** is an arcade video game made by Midway Manufacturing (now Midway Games). It was released one year after *Pac-Man*, on May 22, 1980. It became one of the most popular video games of all-time after its release. This led Namco to make the game an official title in the *Pac-Man* series. It has a female character, new mazes, and changes in gameplay from *Pac-Man*. It is most successful American-made arcade game, selling 115,000 arcade cabinets.

## Gameplay
*Ms. Pac-Man* plays similarly to *Pac-Man*. The player has to move Ms. Pac-Man, a yellow disc, around a maze. The goal is to eat all of the yellow pellets (circles) while not getting caught by the ghosts. The player can get more points by eating fruits that appear. When Ms. Pac-Man eats a white pellet, the ghosts turn blue. The player can eat them for points. The game has 256 stages. Like *Pac-Man*, the 256th level cannot be finished because of a problem with the creation of the game.

The game has gameplay changes from the original *Pac-Man*. They include:
*The game has four different mazes instead of one maze that is played for the whole game.
*Three of the four mazes have two sets of warp tunnels instead of one.
*Instead of staying in the middle of the maze, the fruit moves around the maze, going in and out of warp tunnels.
*The ghosts have different behaviors.
*The game has different sound effects and music.

## Notes
## References
## Other websites
**Ms. Pac-Man* at the Killer List of Videogames
**Ms. Pac-Man* at the Arcade History database
*
*
The Bernie Mac Show

***The Bernie Mac Show*** is an American comedy, drama and family television series. It is rated PG. It aired on FOX from 2001 to 2006.

## Voice cast
* Bernie Mac as Bernie McCullough
* Kellita Smith as Wanda McCullough
* Camille Winbush as Vanessa Thomkins
* Jeremy Suarez as Jordan Thomkins
* Dee Dee Davis as Bryana Thomkins 
* Serena Williams (1 episode) as herself
* Angela Bassett (1 episode) as herself
* Shaquille O'Neal (1 episode) as himself
* Halle Berry (1 episode) as herself
* Naya Rivera as donna (11 episodes)
* Meagen Fay as Joan Lefko (8 episodes)
* Chelsea Handler as Doris Flynt (1 episode)
* Rebecca Corry as Marianne (1 episode)
* Emilia Groth as Brittney (1 episode)
* Matt Damon (1 episode)
* Don Rickles (1 episode)
* Chris Rock (1 episode)
* Ellen DeGeneres (1 episode)
* Ice Cube (1 episode)

## Other websites
* 
* http://www.tv.com/shows/the-bernie-mac-show/
Keegan-Michael Key

**Keegan-Michael Key** (born March 22, 1971) is an American actor and comedian.

Key was born in Southfield, Michigan. He and Jordan Peele have a comedy show on *MADtv*.

## References
First Presbyterian Church (Trenton, New Jersey)

The **First Presbyterian Church** is a historic church in Trenton, New Jersey, United States. It is located at 120 East State Street. The church building was built in 1726. During the American Revolutionary War the British occupied Trenton. They used the church as a  to keep their horses. It was repaired when they left. In 1804 the old stone church was taken down. A new church of all brick was completed in 1805. The church building was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2005.

The church graveyard is the burial place of at least two Revolutionary War notables. Colonel Johann Rall, Commander of the Hessians forces defeated by General George Washington. He died just after the Battle of Trenton. John Rosbrugh, was killed at the Battle of the Assunpink Creek (Second Battle of Trenton). He was the first U.S. chaplain killed in battle. The inventor of the steamboat, John Fitch, was a member of the congregation at First Presbyterian.

## References
Jan Swammerdam

**Jan Swammerdam** (12 February 1637&nbsp;– 17 February 1680) was a Dutch biologist and microscopist. His work on insects showed that the stages an insect life – egg, larva, pupa, and adult – are different forms of the same animal. He did experiments on muscle contraction. In 1658, he was the first to observe and describe red blood cells. He was one of the first people to use the microscope in dissections, and his techniques remained useful for hundreds of years.

## Research on insects
Knowledge of insects in the 17th century was to a great extent inherited from Aristotle. Swammerdam dissected insects and studied them under microscopes.

Swammerdam showed that insects develop in the same gradual manner as do other animals. He wanted to dispel the seventeenth-century idea that different life stages of an insect (e.g. caterpillar and butterfly) were different individuals. 

He got evidence from his dissections. By examining larvae, he identified adult features in pre-adult animals. For example, he noticed that the wings of dragonflies and mayflies exist before their final molt. Swammerdam used these observations in his 1669 publication, *Historia Insectorum Generalis* (The Natural History of Insects).  This work included many descriptions of insect anatomy. It was here that Swammerdam revealed that the "king" bee has ovaries. *Biblia natura* published posthumously in 1737, carried the first confirmation that the queen bee is the sole mother of the colony. Despite five intense years of beekeeping, the mode of honey bee reproduction escaped him as he wrote, "I do not believe the male bees actually copulate with the females."

## References
Feather River

The **Feather River** is a river in Northern California in the United States. It is a tributary of the Sacramento River. The river originates in the Sierra Nevada mountains and is  long, flowing in a general southward direction.

The river is an important source of drinking and irrigation water for California. The Oroville Dam is located on the river, near the city of Oroville.

## Tributaries
*Bear River
*Yuba River
*Middle Fork Feather River
*North Fork Feather River

## Related pages
*American River

## References
Harry Markowitz

**Harry Max Markowitz** (August 24, 1927 – June 22, 2023) was an American economist of Jewish descent. He received the 1989 John von Neumann Theory Prize and the 1990 Nobel Prize in Economics.

## Early life
Markowitz was born on August 24, 1927 in Chicago, Illinois. He studied at the University of Chicago.

## Career
Markowitz was a professor of finance at the Rady School of Management at the University of California, San Diego (UCSD).  He is best known for his pioneering work in Modern Portfolio Theory, studying the effects of asset risk, return, correlation and diversification on probable investment portfolio returns.

Markowitz won the Nobel Prize in Economics in 1990.

## Death
Markowitz died from pneumonia and sepsis, in San Diego, California, on June 22, 2023, at the age of 95.

## References
## Other websites
* An Hour with Harry Markowitz: Interviewed by Mark Hebner
* The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel, 1990
* Autobiography, The Nobel Prizes 1990, Editor Tore Frängsmyr, [Nobel Foundation], Stockholm, 1991
* Banquet Speech, December 10, 1990
* Nobel Prize Lecture: Foundations of Portfolio Theory, December 7, 1990 ( PDF format )
Gerry Desjardins

**Gerard Ferdinand Desjardins** (born July 22, 1944 in Noëlville, Ontario) is a Canadian retired professional ice hockey goaltender.

## Playing career
Before playing in the NHL, Desjardins played 2 seasons in the CPHL with the Houston Apollos.

He joined the Los Angeles Kings in 1968 but first played a season in the AHL for the Cleveland Barons. He played 2 seasons with the Kings and joined the Chicago Black Hawks where he played for 3 years. After his time with the Black Hawks was over, he went and played for the New York Islanders for 2 seasons and the Buffalo Sabres for 4 years. He retired from playing professional ice hockey in 1978.

## Other websites 
*
*
The Simpsons: Road Rage

***The Simpsons: Road Rage*** is a 2001 action-adventure video game based on the animated television show *The Simpsons*. It was released for the GameCube, Xbox, PlayStation 2 and Game Boy Advance. It is similar to the game *Crazy Taxi*, in that the player has to pick up people and drive them to where they want to go as fast as they can.
Grand Coulee Dam

The **Grand Coulee Dam** is a dam on the Columbia River in the United States state of Washington. The dam forms Lake Franklin D. Roosevelt. The dam was built between 1933 and 1942, with a new power plant added between 1997 and 1974. The dam is operated by the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation.

Grand Coulee Dam is  high and  long. The lake behind it can hold more than  of water.

The dam provides water for agriculture in Central Washington. Water is pumped from Lake Roosevelt to Banks Lake, located in the Grand Coulee. From there it runs by gravity to irrigate about  of fertile farmland. Incorporated in the late 1940s and early 1950s, this scheme is known as the Columbia Basin Project.

Grand Coulee also produces hydroelectricity. In fact, it is the largest electric-power producing facility in the United States. At full load the dam can produce 6,809 megawatts or enough for 5 million typical American households. The dam was an important source of power for factories during World War II. Today, it provides much of the cheap electric power for the Pacific Northwest.

Among other benefits include flood control for the lower Columbia River and recreational boating and fishing on Lake Roosevelt.

As a consequence of the dam's construction, the reservoir flooded large tracts of Native American lands. Salmon can no longer migrate to the upper Columbia River system.

## Other websites
*Columbia Basin Project  – Bureau of Reclamation
*Grand Coulee Dam – Northwest Power and Conservation Council
United States invasion of Panama

soldiers prepare to take *La Comandancia* in the *El Chorrillo* neighborhood of Panama City, in December 1989.]]
The **United States Invasion of Panama**, codenamed **Operation Just Cause**, was the invasion of Panama by the United States in December 1989 and January 1990. This operation was done during the administration of U.S. President George H. W. Bush, and ten years after the Torrijos–Carter Treaties. By this treaty, it was accepted that the United States should give up control of the Panama Canal to Panama by 1 January 2000. 

During the invasion, the Panamanian leader, general and dictator Manuel Noriega was removed from his position and the elected president Guillermo Endara took control of the office. The Panamanian Defense Force was dissolved.

Well-known parts of the invasion, were 
* Capture of Torrijos Airport
* Operation Acid Gambit
* Raid at Renacer Prison
* Battle of Rio Hato Airfield
* Paitilla Airport
* Balboa Harbour
* Fort Amador
* Coco Solo
* Battle of Pacora River Bridge
* Battle of Panama City
* Operation Nifty Package
* Operations in the West
* Madden Dam skirmish
St Jude storm

The **St. Jude Storm** also known as **Cyclone Christian**, was a  European windstorm that hit Northwestern Europe from 27 October 2013 to 28 October 2013. The storm caused 17 deaths. Winds of up to 80–90&nbsp;mph (130–145&nbsp;km/h) were forecast for southern England, but the highest windspeed was in Denmark, where a gust of 120.8&nbsp;mph (194.4&nbsp;km/h) was recorded in the south of the country on the afternoon of 28 October, the strongest wind recorded in the country's history. Damage occurred in Denmark, Belgium, Germany, Netherlands, and United Kingdom.

## Highest wind gust per country 
## References
American River

The **American River** is a river in northern California in the United States. It is a tributary of the Sacramento River. The river starts in the Sierra Nevada and flows west through the city of Sacramento. The river is  long with a watershed of .

Folsom Dam and Folsom Lake are located on the American river east of Sacramento.

## Tributaries
*North Fork American River
**Middle Fork American River
*South Fork American River
Cut the Rope (video game)

***Cut the Rope*** is a puzzle video game released by ZeptoLab. In it, the player must cut a series of ropes with their finger to feed a small creature named Om Nom a piece of candy. Once you have fed him the candy, the next level is unlocked. The game has been downloaded over 100 million times. The spin off games have also been released: ***Cut the Rope: Holiday Gift*** (2010), ***Cut the Rope: Experiments*** (2011), ***Cut the Rope: Time Travel*** (2013), ***Cut the Rope 2*** (2013), and ***My Om Nom*** (2014 for Apple App Store and 2015 for Google Play Store).

## List of Games 
Bubble Blast series

## Gameplay 
In each level, the candy hangs by one or several of the titular ropes which the player must cut with a swipe of their finger using the device's touchscreen. Using various objects such as floating bubbles and bellows, the candy must also be manipulated around obstacles to get to Om Nom's mouth.
Each level takes place in a box. There are different types of boxes, such as the cardboard box, fabric box, and foil box. More boxes will be added soon.

Each level pack introduces new challenges.  Levels are scored with a zero to three star rating, similar to *Angry Birds*. according to how many stars the player picked up, and a point score depending on the number of stars collected and the amount of time taken to complete the level. In-app purchases, such as "Superpowers" and "Hints", and "Magnets" make play easier.

## Levels
## Sources
## Other websites 
* Cut the Rope on the publisher's website
* Cut The Rope Online
Rodrigo López

**Roderigo López** (1525 – June 7, 1594) was a physician of Portuguese background. He was tried and executed for trying to poison Elizabeth I. He is believed to be the inspiration for Shakespeare's character Shylock in *The Merchant of Venice*.

López was born into a family of Jewish origin in Portugal but converted to Christianity. He graduated from university with a degree in medicine. He went to England where he was appointed chief physician to Elizabeth I in 1586. He knew powerful men at court, and grew rich and respected. He was involved in various court intrigues until convicted of plotting to poison the Queen. He was hanged, drawn and quartered. 

Several contemporaries make reference to the trial and execution. Christopher Marlowe mentions it in *Doctor Faustus* as do Thomas Dekker in *Whore of Babylon* and Thomas Middleton in *A Game at Chess*. It is possible that Shylock in Shakespeare's *The Merchant of Venice* was inspired by López. 

Queen Elizabeth I’s physician, Roderigo Lopez, was tried and executed for allegedly plotting to kill the queen in 1594. As a Portuguese double agent, ‘Doctor Lopez a Jew’ was said to have conspired with the Spanish, England’s enemies at that time. He was accused of attempting to kill the Portuguese King Antonio and ‘take away Queene Elizabeths life by poyson’, in return for ‘fifty thousand Crowns’

## References
Arletty

**Arletty** (15 May 1898 – 24 July 1992) was a French actress, singer, and model. She played Garance in the French movie *Les Enfants du Paradis*.
Les Enfants du Paradis

***Les Enfants du Paradis*** (*Children of Paradise*) is a French romantic drama movie. It was written by Jacques Prévert and directed by Marcel Carné and released in 1945. It stars Arletty as French courtesan Garance. She is loved by four men: a street mime, an actor, a criminal, and an aristocrat. The story is set among the lower class theatres of Paris between 1820 and 1840. Garance is courted by four men but leaves them all because they will not allow her to love in her own way. The three hour film has been described as France's *Gone with the Wind*.

## Other websites 
*
Michel Dumas

**Michel Joseph Dumas** (born July 8, 1949) is a Canadian retired professional ice hockey goaltender. He currently works as a chief amateur scout for the Chicago Blackhawks.

## Playing career
Before playing in the NHL, Dumas played 2 games with the Oklahoma City Blazers and 3 seasons with the Dallas Black Hawks of the CHL. He also played 2 seasons in the IHL with the Dayton Gems.

He was called up to play for the Chicago Black Hawks for 3 games and went back down to the play 1 season for the Dallas Black Hawks again.  He was called up again by the Black Hawks but he only played 5 games as his career was cut short due to an eye injury he suffered in a game against the Colorado Rockies in 1976.

He was hired by the Black Hawks tin 1977 to be an amateur scout, and was then promoted to be their chief amateur scout in the 1992–93 season.

## Other websites 
*
*
Dave Dryden

**David Murray Dryden** (September 5, 1941 – October 4, 2022) was a Canadian professional ice hockey goaltender. Dryden was known for the distinction of creating (as well as being the first goaltender to employ) the modern day goaltending mask consisting of a fiberglass mask with a cage.

## Playing career
Before playing in the NHL, Dryden played 2 seasons in the OHA playing for the Toronto St. Michael's.

In the NHL, he played for the New York Rangers, Chicago Black Hawks, Buffalo Sabres and Edmonton Oilers. Dryden faced his brother Ken in a game between his Sabres and the Montreal Canadiens. It was the only time in the history of the NHL that brothers opposed each other as goalies.

Dryden was the goalie against whom Wayne Gretzky scored his first professional goal. During his time in the WHA, he played for the Chicago Cougars and Edmonton Oilers. He won the Ben Hatskin Trophy as the WHA's top goaltender, and the Gordie Howe Trophy as league MVP.

Since retiring from playing professional ice hockey in 1979, he became the chair person of Sleeping Children Around the World charity which was founded by his father and provides bed kits to children in developing countries.

On October 4, 2022, Dryden died at his home in Oakville, Ontario from a disease known as chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension.

## Reference
## Other websites 
*
IPad Air

The **iPad Air** is the fifth type of iPad made by Apple Inc. It was announced at the Yerba Buena Center for the Arts on October 22, 2013. It first came with iOS 7 installed on it and was upgraded to other versions later. The iPad Air contains the 64-bit Apple A7 processor and another M7 coprocessor. Apple released the iPad Air on November 1, 2013. It cannot be upgraded past iOS 12.

The iPad Air is 7.5 millimeters thick, which is thinner than both the iPad 2 and the iPad Mini. It has a smaller screen bezel which looks like the one on the iPad Mini. However, it still uses the same 9.7-inch Retina Display as the previous iPad model. 

Its successor, the iPad Air 2, was announced on October 16, 2014.

## Features 
The iPad Air can run iOS 12.  It can act as a mobile hotspot, sharing its internet connection over Wifi, USB, or Bluetooth.  It can have access to the App Store, where users can buy and download mobile applications onto their device.

## References
Marinade

**Marination** is the process of soaking foods in a liquid before cooking. The liquid is called **marinade**. The idea is to add flavour and to tenderize tougher cuts of meat.

The marinade may be acidic (made with ingredients like vinegar, lemon juice, or wine) or enzymatic (made with ingredients like pineapple, papaya or kiwifruit). In addition to these ingredients, a marinade often contains oils, herbs, and spices to further flavour the food.

Marination may last seconds or days. Different marinades are used in different cuisines. For example, in Pakistani and Indian cuisine the marinade is usually prepared with a mixture of blends.

## References