open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Chauncey Billups

**Chauncey Ray Billups** (born September 25, 1976) is retired American professional basketball player.  He played 17 seasons in the National Basketball Association (NBA). A star at the University of Colorado Boulder, he was selected third overall in the 1997 NBA draft by the Boston Celtics. A five-time NBA All-Star and a three-time All-NBA selection, Billups played for the Boston Celtics, Toronto Raptors, Denver Nuggets, Minnesota Timberwolves, Detroit Pistons, New York Knicks, and Los Angeles Clippers during his NBA career. He won the NBA Finals MVP in 2004 after helping the Pistons beat the Los Angeles Lakers in the Finals, and was given the nickname "**Mr. Big Shot**" for making late-game shots with Detroit. The Pistons retired his #1 jersey in 2016.

In 2004, Billups was honored by the University of Colorado by being the fifth player to have his jersey (number 4) retired.

On October 23, 2025, Billups was arrested as part of an ongoing federal gambling investigation by the FBI. According to reports, his arrest was connected to an illegal poker operation with alleged ties to organized crime. 

## References
Fausto Sozzini

***Fausto Paolo Sozzini***, also known as *Faustus Socinus* or *Faust Socyn*, was an Italian theologian and founder of the school of Christian thought known as *Socinianism* and the main theologian of the Minor Reformed Church of Poland.
Aranyaka

).]]

The **Aranyakas** (; Sanskrit: '** )  is the  behind sacrifice of the ancient Hindu sacred texts, the Vedas. They are usually part of the later parts of Vedas, and are one of many layers of the Vedic text. The other parts of Vedas are the Samhitas (benedictions, hymns), Brahmanas (commentary), and the Upanishads (spirituality and abstract philosophy).

## References 
## Other reading
* Jan Gonda (1975), A History of Indian Literature: Volume 1, Vedic Literature: (Saṃhitās and Brāhmaṇas), Otto Harrassowitz Verlag, , **Chapter IX: The Āraṇyakas''' (For context, see other chapters as well).

## Other websites
*
*
Glen Davis

**Ronald Glen** "**Big Baby**" **Davis** (born January 1, 1986) is an American professional basketball player for the St. John's Edge of the National Basketball League of Canada. He played for the Boston Celtics, Orlando Magic and Los Angeles Clippers in the National Basketball Association (NBA).

After playing college basketball with LSU, Davis was selected by the Seattle SuperSonics with the 35th overall pick in the 2007 NBA draft. Shortly thereafter, he was traded to the Boston Celtics, with whom he won the 2008 NBA Finals.
Mike Matheny

**Michael Scott Matheny** (born September 22, 1970) is an American former professional baseball player and manager. He is currently a special adviser for player development for the Kansas City Royals. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for 13 seasons as a catcher for the Milwaukee Brewers, Toronto Blue Jays, St. Louis Cardinals and San Francisco Giants.  Matheny's best years were spent with the Cardinals.  He won four Rawlings Gold Glove Awards.  Matheny holds the National League record for most consecutive games caught without making an error as a catcher.  He is considered one of the greatest defensive catchers of all time.

Matheny later managed the St. Louis Cardinals. As manager, Matheny's teams won one National League (NL) pennant and three NL Central division titles. He bats and throws right-handed, stands 6&nbsp;feet 3&nbsp;inches (1.91&nbsp;m) tall, and weighs 205&nbsp;pounds (93&nbsp;kg).
Boris Diaw

**Boris Babacar Diaw-Riffiod**, better known as **Boris Diaw** (born April 16, 1982), is a French retired professional basketball player. Diaw, who began his professional career in Pro A, returned to that league after 14 seasons in the National Basketball Association (NBA). He plays mostly at power forward. In 2006, Diaw was named the NBA's Most Improved Player as a member of the Phoenix Suns. He won an NBA championship with the San Antonio Spurs in 2014. He is the current president of Metropolitans 92.

Diaw represents the senior French national basketball team internationally. He won a FIBA World Cup bronze medal in 2014, a EuroBasket title in 2013, a silver medal in EuroBasket 2011, and two bronze in EuroBasket 2005 and EuroBasket 2015. He earned an All-EuroBasket Team selection in 2005.
Emeka Okafor

**Chukwuemeka Ndubuisi** "**Emeka**" **Okafor** (born September 28, 1982) is an American professional basketball player. Okafor attended Bellaire High School in Bellaire, Texas and the University of Connecticut, where in 2004 he won a national championship. Okafor played for the University of Connecticut from 2001 to 2004 where he was teammates with Charlie Villanueva, Marcus Williams, Ben Gordon, Hilton Armstrong and Josh Boone, who all went on to play in the National Basketball Association (NBA). He majored in finance during his time at Connecticut, and he graduated with honors after three years in May 2004 with a 3.8 GPA. Okafor was named the Academic All-American of the Year in 2004 for his work on and off the court. On February 5, 2007, he was inducted to the Husky Ring Of Honor at Gampel Pavilion on the University of Connecticut campus in Storrs during halftime of the men's basketball game against the Syracuse Orange as part of a ceremony which recognized personal accomplishments of 13 former players and 3 coaches.
Kemba Walker

**Kemba Hudley Walker** (born May 8, 1990) is an American professional basketball player for the New York Knicks of the National Basketball Association (NBA). Walker was drafted ninth overall by the Charlotte Bobcats. Walker grew up in The Bronx, New York, and graduated from Rice High School in 2008. He played college basketball for the Connecticut Huskies. In the 2010–11 season, Walker was a consensus first-team All-American. He was the second-leading college basketball scorer in the nation and led the Huskies to the 2011 NCAA championship and was named the tournament's most outstanding player. He is a three-time NBA All-Star.
Leandro Barbosa

**Leandro Mateus Barbosa** (born November 28, 1982), also known as **Leandrinho Barbosa**, is a Brazilian professional basketball player for Minas of the Novo Basquete Brasil (NBB). He also represented the senior Brazilian national basketball team. He previously won the NBA Sixth Man of the Year Award, with the Suns in 2007, and an NBA championship with the Golden State Warriors, in 2015. In Brazil, he is also commonly known by his nickname "Leandrinho" ("Little Leandro") Barbosa, and in the USA he is nicknamed "**The Brazilian Blur**", referring to his playing speed. At a height of 1.92&nbsp;m (6' 33⁄4") tall, he plays at the shooting guard position.
Robert Horry

**Robert Keith Horry** (born August 25, 1970) is an American retired basketball player and current sports commentator. He played 16 seasons in the National Basketball Association (NBA), winning seven championships, the most of any player not to have played on the 1960s Boston Celtics. He is one of only two players (the other is John Salley) to have won NBA championships with three teams: two with the Houston Rockets, three with the Los Angeles Lakers and two with the San Antonio Spurs.  He earned the nickname **Big Shot Rob**[1][2] because of his clutch shooting in important games; he is widely considered to be one of the greatest clutch performers and winners in NBA history. Horry now works as a commentator on Spectrum SportsNet.
Jason Richardson

**Jason Anthoney Richardson** (born January 20, 1981) is an American former professional basketball player. He played 14 seasons in the National Basketball Association (NBA). Richardson was taken by the Golden State Warriors as the fifth overall pick in the 2001 NBA draft after playing college basketball for Michigan State University. He won the NBA Dunk Contest in both 2002 and 2003, becoming the second player, after Michael Jordan, to win the competition back-to-back. Richardson has also played for the Charlotte Bobcats, Phoenix Suns, Orlando Magic, and the Philadelphia 76ers.
Amar'e Stoudemire

'''Amar'e Carsares Stoudemire''' (born November 16, 1982) is an American-Israeli professional basketball coach and former player. He serves as player development assistant for the Brooklyn Nets of the National Basketball Association (NBA). He won the NBA Rookie of the Year Award in 2003 with the Phoenix Suns, who selected him with the ninth overall pick of the 2002 NBA draft. He made six appearances in the NBA All-Star Game and was named to the All-NBA Team five times, including one first-team selection in 2007. Amar'e Stoudamire was inducted into Phoenix Suns Ring of Honor on March 2, 2024.

## Career
Stoudemire played high school basketball for three schools, ultimately graduating from Cypress Creek High School in Orlando, Florida, and declaring for the NBA draft as a prep-to-pro player. He won several prep honors, including being selected as Florida's Mr. Basketball. Stoudemire suffered from chronic knee problems during his career and underwent microfracture surgery on both knees. He played for the Suns, the New York Knicks, the Dallas Mavericks, and the Miami Heat before retiring from the NBA in 2016.

Stoudemire won a bronze medal with the United States national team at the 2004 Olympic Games. His off-court ventures include a record label, a clothing line, acting and a series of children's books for Scholastic Press. In addition, Stoudemire owns a significant share of Hapoel Jerusalem, the team he won a championship with in 2017. He was the 2020 Israeli Basketball Premier League Finals MVP.
Torii Hunter

**Torii Kedar Hunter** (/ˈtɔːriː/; born July 18, 1975) is an American former professional baseball center fielder and right fielder. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Minnesota Twins, Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim, and Detroit Tigers from 1997 through 2015. Hunter was a five-time All-Star, won a major league record nine consecutive Gold Glove Awards as a center fielder, and was a two-time Silver Slugger Award winner.  Hunter was known for his trademark ability to rob batters of home runs at the outfield wall, particularly as the center fielder for the Twins.  Hunter is regarded as arguably the greatest defensive outfielder of all time.
Jean-Pierre Worms

**Jean-Pierre Worms** (16 July 1934 &ndash; 12 July 2019) was a French sociologist and politician. He was born in Courbevoie, Hauts-de-Seine. Worms was a Deputy from 1981 to 1993.

Worms died on 12 July 2019 at the age of 84.

## References
Augusto Fantozzi

**Augusto Fantozzi** (24 June 1940 – 13 July 2019) was an Italian lawyer, tax expert, academic, businessman and politician. He was Minister of Economy and Finance from 1995 to 1996. He was also Minister of Foreign Trade from 1996 to 1998. Fantozzi was born in Rome. He was a member of The Olive Tree.

Fantozzi died on 13 July 2019 in Rome at the age of 79.

## References
Gerald Weissmann

**Gerald Weissmann** (August 7, 1930 – July 10, 2019) was an Austrian-born American physician, editor, and essayist. He was Professor Emeritus and Research Professor of Medicine (Rheumatology) at New York University School of Medicine. He was Editor-in-Chief (2006–16) of *The FASEB Journal*. 

In 1965, Weissmann was one of the discoverers of Liposomes. He was born in Vienna, Austria. Weissmann died on July 10, 2019 in Cambridge, Massachusetts at the age of 88.

## References
Shawn Marion

**Shawn Dwayne Marion** (born May 7, 1978) is an American former professional basketball player who played 16 seasons in the National Basketball Association (NBA). Marion finished his career as a four-time NBA All-Star and a one-time NBA champion, helping the Dallas Mavericks win their maiden title in 2011. Nicknamed "The Matrix" by former NBA player Kenny Smith during the preseason of his rookie year, he was widely regarded as one of the most versatile players in the league because of his athleticism and ability to play and defend many positions. He was also known for his unorthodox shooting form.

## References
Terry Hodgkinson

**Terry Hodgkinson** (30 March 1949 – 13 July 2019) was a British businessman. He was the Chairman of Yorkshire Forward, the Regional Development Agency for Yorkshire and the Humber. He was appointed on 14 December 2003 and stepped down in December 2010.

Hodgkinson died on 13 July 2019 at the age of 70.

## References
## Other websites
* Terry Hodgkinson  *official website*
* http://www.yorkshire-forward.com/news-events/news/press-releases/terry-hodgkinson-appointed-as-new-yorkshire-forward
Nereo Laroni

**Nereo Laroni** (2 September 1942 – 14 July 2019) was an Italian politician. Laroni was a member of the Italian Socialist Party and close ally of Bettino Craxi and Gianni De Michelis. He was the mayor of Venice from 1985 to 1987 and a member of the European Parliament from 1987 to 1994.

Laroni died on 14 July 2019 in Mestre, at age 76, of problems from heart surgery.

## References
Richard Carter (actor)

**Richard Carter** (11 December 1953 – 13 July 2019) was an Australian actor. He was born in Sydney. His best known roles were in *Rabbit-Proof Fence*, *Hating Alison Ashley*, *Babe: Pig in the City*, *Happy Feet Two*, *Our Lips Are Sealed*, *The Great Gatsby* and *Mad Max: Fury Road*.

Carter died in the early hours of 13 July 2019 after a brief illness at the age of 65.

## References
## Other websites
*
Charles Levin (actor)

**Charles Levin** (March 12, 1949 – July 8, 2019) was an American actor. He was best known for the role of Elliot Novak on the series *Alice* and as Eddie Gregg on *Hill Street Blues* from 1982 to 1986. Levin has guest roles on *The Golden Girls*, *Seinfeld*, *Punky Brewster*, *Law & Order* and *Designing Women*.

On July 8, 2019, it was revealed that Levin had been missing for several days. His car was found on July 12 near Selma, Oregon. On July 14, his remains were found and identified. On November 8, 2019, his death was ruled an accident. His car became stuck where it was later found and it appeared Levin left the car in search of help and fell to his death down a  embankment. He was 70 years old.

## References
## Other websites
*
Communications Act

**Communications Act** may refer to:

* The Communications Act of 1934 in the United States
* The Communications Act 2003 in the United Kingdom
Brent Barry

**Brent Robert Barry** (born December 31, 1971), commonly known by the nickname **Bones**, is an American basketball executive, sportscaster and former player. He is the current vice president of basketball operations for the San Antonio Spurs. The 6&nbsp;ft 7 in (2.01&nbsp;m), 210&nbsp;lb (95&nbsp;kg; 15 st) shooting guard played professionally in the National Basketball Association, winning two championships with the Spurs, and also won the 1996 NBA Slam Dunk Contest. He is the son of former NBA player Rick Barry.

After retiring, Barry worked as a sports commentator for the *NBA on TNT* and was a studio host for the NBA TV show *NBA Gametime*. In 2018, he returned to the Spurs as an executive. He is currently a studio analyst for the NBA on Prime Video.
Kameda College of Health Sciences

is a private university in Japan. The campus is located in Kamogawa, Chiba, Chiba. It opened in April 2012.

## References
Selma, Oregon

**Selma** is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Josephine County, Oregon, United States. As of the 2020 census it had a population of 661. It is located in the ZIP code of 97538.

## References
Sadashiv Vasantrao Gorakshkar

**Sadashiv Vasantrao Gorakshkar** (31 May 1933 – 13 July 2019) was an Indian writer, art critic, museologist and a director of the Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Vastu Sangrahalaya. He was known for his restoration of *Lakshmibai Pitre Kalasangrahalaya*, a museum in Devrukh, Maharashtra to its present state.

Gorakshkar died on 13 July 2019 in Maharashtra at the age 86.

## References
Greg Daniels

**Gregory Martin Daniels** (born June 13, 1963) is an American television comedy writer, producer, and director. He is known for his work on many television series, including *Saturday Night Live*, *The Simpsons*, *Parks and Recreation*, *King of the Hill* and *The Office*. 

Daniels was born in New York City. He studied at Harvard University. His brother-in-law is Paul Lieberstein. Daniels won two Emmy Awards for his writing.

## References
## Other websites
*
Bennett's tree-kangaroo

'''Bennett's tree-kangaroo'* (*Dendrolagus bennettianus*) is a large tree-kangaroo. Males can weigh from 11.5&nbsp;kg up to almost 14&nbsp;kg (25 to 31&nbsp;lbs),  and female about 8 to 10.6&nbsp;kg (17.6 to 23&nbsp;lbs). They are very agile and are able to leap 9 metres (30&nbsp;ft) down to another branch. They have been known to drop as far as 18 metres (59&nbsp;ft) to the ground without injury.

## Habitat
This very elusive (cryptic) tree-kangaroo is found in both mountain and lowland tropical rain forests south of Cooktown, Queensland to just north of the Daintree River. It is  occasionally found in sclerophyll woodlands. It lives on the leaves of rainforest trees, notably *Schefflera actinophylla'' (the umbrella tree), vines, ferns and various wild fruits.

## Diet
The Bennett's tree-kangaroo is a herbivore. It eats leaves from 33 different plant species.

Now that it is rarely hunted by Aborigines, its main predators are pythons and the dingo. It is thought to be the closest tree-kangaroo to the ancestral form.

## Physical description 
Like other tree-kangaroos it has longer forelimbs and shorter hindlimbs than terrestrial kangaroos and a long bushy tail. It is mostly dark brown above and lighter fawn on chin, throat and lower abdomen. The forehead and muzzle are greyish. The feet and hands are black. The tail has a black patch at the base and a light patch on the upper part. The ears are short and rounded.

## References
Absolutely Fabulous: The Movie

***Absolutely Fabulous: The Movie*** is a 2016 British comedy film directed by Mandie Fletcher and written by Jennifer Saunders, based on the television show *Absolutely Fabulous*. It stars Saunders, Joanna Lumley, Julia Sawalha, June Whitfield in her final film role and Jane Horrocks. The film finds the drug-addicted, alcoholic PR agent Edina Monsoon and her best friend/codependent Patsy Stone on the run from the authorities after it's suspected they killed supermodel Kate Moss. The film serves as a de facto series finale for the show.

## References
Southeast Kansas

**Southeast Kansas** is a region of the U.S. state of Kansas. It can be generally defined by Woodson County in the northwest, Bourbon County in the northeast, Cherokee County in the southeast, and Montgomery County in the southwest. Geographically it mostly has broad rolling landscape located between the Flint Hills to the west and includes the Ozarks to the southeast. Some notable towns there include Pittsburg, Parsons, Coffeyville, Independence, Chanute, Fort Scott, and Iola.

The first people to live there were some Native American tribes. Others included frontier towns that relied on cattle ranching and mining. They were hurt by violence over the issue of slavery. This happened both before and during the American Civil War (see Bleeding Kansas). The most common type of mining in Southeast Kansas was coal mining. This contributed to the amount of coal found. It also contributed to the quality and thickness of coal in Southeast Kansas.  Southeast Kansas has one of the well-made recreations of early life in the United States Army at Fort Scott National Historic Site. 

## References
## Other websites
*SEKInfo
*Southeast Kansas, Inc. 
*Southeast Kansas Wildlife Viewing Sites 
*Southeast Kansas Library System 
*LASR, Little Ozarks, Kansas
*SKIL, Southeast Kansas Independent Living, Inc.
Cherokee Strip (Kansas)

The **Cherokee Strip** of Kansas, in the United States, was a disputed strip of land on the southern border of Kansas.

## History
In 1825 the Osage Nation was given a reservation in eastern Indian territory in what is now Kansas. In the Treaty of New Echota, May 23, 1836, the northern border of the Cherokee Nation's land was set as the southern border of the Osage lands. When Congress passed the Kansas–Nebraska Act on May 30, 1854, it set the southern border of the Kansas Territory as the 37th parallel north. It was thought at the time that the Osage northern border was also the 37th parallel.

The Cherokees disagreed. They said that it was not the true boundary. They said that the border of Kansas should be moved north to make room for the actual border of the Cherokee land.

The situation happened during the troubles in Kansas leading up to the Civil War.

Under terms of Article 17 of the Treaty of 1866, the land was to be sold *"at not less than $1.25 an acre [$309/km2]"* for the first year. Then, it would be offered for sale at local land offices. In the first year, 156,848.47 acres (635&nbsp;km2) were sold. 277,830.89 acres (1,124&nbsp;km2) were given to land offices during the summer of 1879.

## References
Rod Richards

**Roderick Richards** (12 March 1947 &ndash; 13 July 2019) was a British politician. He was a Conservative before joining UK Independence Party in 2013. He was the Conservative Member of Parliament for Clwyd North West, in Wales, from 1992 to 1997. 

Richards was also the Conservative leader in the National Assembly for Wales in 1999, after being elected as an Assembly Member for North Wales. He was born in Llanelli, Wales.

Richards died on 13 July 2019 in Penarth, Wales of cancer, aged 72.

## References
East-Central Kansas

**East-Central Kansas** is a region of Kansas. It is between the Kansas City metropolitan area and Southeast Kansas, and it is on the border with Missouri. The region goes west to the Flint Hills to Lyon County. East-Central Kansas geographically has rolling hills and deep forested river valleys. The main crop of this very agricultural region is corn. The area is more forested and more moist compared to the rest of the state. East-Central Kansas has a lot of history. This is because many places in this region saw battles in Bleeding Kansas. It is also because the abolitionist John Brown and his men fought in Osawatomie. Much of the area is powered by Wolf Creek Nuclear Generating Station. It is near Burlington. The most populous cities of the region include Emporia, Ottawa, Paola, Osawatomie, Garnett, Osage City, Burlington, and Louisburg.

The region includes the following seven counties:
*Anderson
*Coffey
*Franklin
*Linn
*Lyon
*Miami
*Osage

## References
North Central Kansas

**North Central Kansas** is a tourism and geographical region of the state of Kansas. It has 15 counties. Over 150,000 people live there. The Salina micropolitan area is part of North Central Kansas. The region goes from the Nebraska border in the north to Russell, Ellsworth, Saline, and Dickinson Counties in the south. Its western border includes Smith, Osborne, and Russell Counties, and its eastern border Dickinson, Clay, Washington, and Marshall Counties.

The 15 counties included in the region are:
*Clay
*Cloud
*Dickinson
*Ellsworth
*Jewell
*Lincoln
*Marshall
*Mitchell
*Ottawa
*Osborne
*Republic
*Russell
*Saline
*Smith
*Washington

## Other websites
*North Central Kansas Travel and Tourism
Jacksboro, Texas

**Jacksboro** is a city in the U.S. state of Texas. It is the county seat of Jack County. Downtown Jacksboro has two major highways that pass through; U.S. Highway 281, and U.S. Highway 380. On the east side of Jacksboro lies Lake Jacksboro, which consists of a natural lake and a man-made lake, separated by a dam. The 2020 census said that Jacksboro had 4,184 people living in it.

## References
Education in Kansas

**Education in Kansas** is controlled at the primary and secondary school level by the Kansas State Board of Education.  Kansas's public colleges and universities are controlled by the Kansas Board of Regents.

## Colleges and universities 
The Kansas Board of Regents controls thirty-seven public schools. It also allows some private and out-of-state schools to be in Kansas. In Fall 2009, the Kansas's six public universities said they had a total of 93,307 students enrolled.

### History
The first colleges in Kansas were created by the Kansas Territorial legislature. They were signed by Territorial Governor James W. Denver, on February 9–12, 1858.

## References
## Other websites
*Kansas Board of Regents
*Kansas State Department of Education
Parsons, Kansas

**Parsons** is a city in Labette County, Kansas, United States. In 2020, 9,600 people lived there. It is the biggest city in Labette County. It is the second biggest city in the southeastern region of Kansas.

## Geography
Parsons is at  (37.339070, -95.269747). The city is at the junction of U.S. Route 59 and U.S. Route 400. Along US-59, the city of Erie (the county seat of Neosho County) is  to the north and Oswego (the county seat of Labette County) is  south and east. Big Hill Lake is several miles to the west of the city, and Lake Parsons is northwest of Parsons.

The United States Census Bureau says that the city has a total area of . Of that,  is land and  is water.

### Climate
## People
### 2020 census
The 2020 census says that there were 9,600 people, 4,015 households, and 2,251 families living in Parson. Of the households, 58.4% owned their home and 41.6% rented their home.

The median age was 37.9 years. Of the people, 75.3% were White, 8.0% were Black, 1.7% were Native American, 0.7% were Asian, 2.1% were from some other race, and 12.1% were two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 7.1% of the people.

### 2010 census
The 2010 census says that there were 10,500 people, 4,351 households, and 2,586 families living in Parson.

## Education
### College
* Labette Community College
### Library
The first public library building in Parsons was the Carnegie Library. It was created in 1909. The Parsons Public Library moved to a modern building in 1977.

## References
## Other websites
;City
* Parsons - Official
* Parsons Chamber of Commerce
;Schools
* USD 503, local school district
* USD 506, local school district
* Labette Community College
;Newspaper
* *The Parsons Sun*, local newspaper
;Events
* Katy Days 
;Maps
* Parsons City Map , KDOT
Milhouse Van Houten

**Milhouse Mussolini Van Houten** is a fictional character on the animated television series The Simpsons. Milhouse has blue hair and very large eyebrows.  Milhouse is Bart Simpson's best friend and sidekick.  Milhouse is allergic to many things.  Milhouse is constantly savagely bullied particularly by Nelson Muntz.  Milhouse has a crush on Lisa Simpson who does not feel the same way about him.  Even though Milhouse is described by Lisa as "the class nerd" Milhouse tells Bart that "I'm not a nerd! Nerds are smart."  Milhouse's parents Kirk and Luann get divorced.  Milhouse is extremely insecure.  Milhouse is routinely humiliated by the bullies.  On one occasion, Bart tells Milhouse that he is surprised to see him since he thought he had a " three-o-clock wedgie with Nelson and Milhouse says "I had to reschedule."  Milhouse is easily reduced to crying even though he is allergic to his own tears.  Milhouse has very large round glasses.  Bart has on more than one occasion let Milhouse take the fall for something Bart did.  Though in the episode "Little Orphan Millie" Bart admits that he actually cares about Milhouse by saying "I love him. I love him so much."

## Other websites
*
People-watching

**People-watching** or **crowd watching** is the act of  people and their . Usually, the person being watched is not aware of the watcher. For some people, it is considered a hobby; other people think it is a subconscious activity, meaning it is something others do everyday without knowing it.
## References
Takenoshin Nakai

**Takenoshin Nakai** (ja:中井猛之進, November 27, 1882 – December 6, 1952) was a Japanese botanist. He published papers on the plants of Japan and Korea.

## Work as a Taxonomist
Nakai was the author or co-author of the taxonomy of 4,733 plants. 

* Colocasia tonoimo 
* Persicaria bungeana (Turcz.)Nakai (syn. Polygonum bungeanum Turcz.)
* Fl of China
* Polygonum
* Sophora koreensis

## References
Harry Osborn

, one of the most known actors for having portrayed the character.]]
**Harry Osborn** is a fictional character appearing in Marvel Comics created by Stan Lee and Steve Ditko for the *Amazing Spider-Man* #31 in 1965.  

## Fictional character biography 
He is the son of Norman Osborn and his mother died in childbirth. His father blames him for her death and as such is dismissive and impatient with him. Harry constantly tries and fails to win his father's approval. 

Harry meets Peter Parker at University and at first can't stand him. He later gets to know him better and becomes his best friend.  Harry's father Norman then becomes the supervillain the Green Goblin and Harry starts to use drugs. Green Goblin then kills Spider-Man's girlfriend Gwen Stacy and accidentally kills himself during a battle with Spider-Man. Harry blames Spider-Man for his father's death and wants to get revenge by becoming a supervillain the second **Green Goblin**.

## Harry Osborn in film
Harry Osborn is played by James Franco in the 2002 *Spider-Man* movie. In it, Harry Osborn goes to high school with Peter Parker and is the only person aside from Mary-Jane Watson who is nice to him.  Harry is Peter's best friend and does not get along well with his father.

Harry dates Mary-Jane Watson even though Peter loves her. Harry's father tells him that she is no different from Harry's mother and that all she cares about is his money. Harry defends her. She tells Harry that his father is a creep and Harry defends him.

Mary-Jane then breaks up with him. Harry later goes to win her back and realizes she is in love with Peter. Harry's father who is secretly the Green Goblin finds out from Harry that Peter loves Mary-Jane Watson. After he died Norman makes Peter swear not to tell Harry that he is the Green Goblin.

Harry swears to kill Spider-Man for revenge. In *Spider-Man 2* Harry is willing to work with Doctor Octopus to kill Spider-Man. At the end of the movie he is horrified to discover that Peter Parker is Spider-Man. In *Spider-Man 3*,  Harry becomes a supervillain so that he can kill Spider-Man and avenge his father's death.  

In the end of the movie, he agrees to work with Spider-Man to rescue Mary-Jane Watson from the supervillains the Venom and the Sandman and Harry dies so that Peter can kill the Venom and rescue Mary-Jane.

Harry Osborn is played by Dane DeHaan in *The Amazing Spider-Man 2*.
M-185 (Michigan highway)

**M-185** is a state highway in the U.S. state of Michigan. It circles Mackinac Island. Mackinac Island is a popular tourist place on the Lake Huron side of the Straits of Mackinac. The highway is along the island's coast. The highway is a thin paved road that is  long. There are scenic views of the straits that divide the Upper and the Lower peninsulas of Michigan. It also has views of Lakes Huron and Michigan. It doesn't connect to any other Michigan state highways. This is because it is on an island. People can only get to it by passenger ferry.

The Michigan Department of Transportation (MDOT) says that the M-185 is "the only state highway in the nation where motor vehicles are banned". Traffic on it is by foot, on horse, by horse-drawn vehicle, or by bicycle. Cars have been banned on the island since the 1890s. Only a few vehicles have been allowed on the island other than the city's emergency vehicles. The highway was built during the first decade of the 20th century by the state. It was designated as a state highway in 1933. The highway was paved in the 1950s. Parts were rebuilt to deal with coastal erosion in the 1980s. Until an accident in 2005, it was the only state highway without any car accidents.

## Major intersections
The highway is on Mackinac Island. That island is in Mackinac County. Milemarkers are posted in a counterclockwise way.

## References
Paul Albert Zipfel

**Paul Albert Zipfel** (September 22, 1935 &ndash; July 14, 2019) was an American prelate of the Roman Catholic Church. He was the sixth Bishop of Bismarck, North Dakota. Zipfel was born in St. Louis, Missouri.

Zipfel died on July 14, 2019 in Normandy, Missouri from dementia at the age of 83.

## References
## Other websites
*Diocese of Bismarck
Normandy, Missouri

**Normandy** is a city in St. Louis County, Missouri, United States. The population was 4,287 at the 2020 census.

## References
Pernell Whitaker

**Pernell Whitaker** (January 2, 1964 – July 14, 2019) was an American professional boxer. He was born in St. Louis, Missouri.

Whitaker was a four-weight world champion, having won titles at lightweight, light welterweight, welterweight, and light middleweight; the undisputed lightweight title; and the lineal lightweight and welterweight titles. He holds the longest unified lightweight championship reign in boxing history at 6 title defenses. Whitaker was seen as one of the greatest defensive boxers of all-time.

Whitaker won a silver medal in the lightweight division at the 1982 World Championships, followed by gold at the 1983 Pan American Games and 1984 Olympics. He retired in 2001.

Whitaker was killed after being hit by a car in Virginia Beach, Virginia on July 14, 2019 at the age of 55.

## References
## Other websites
*Amateur record (incomplete)
*R.I.P. Pernell ‘Sweet Pea’ Whitaker, One of the All-Time Greats
Nerd

**Nerd** is a noun often used as an insult, to describe people who are seen as weird, obsessive or introverted. 

## Origin 
Dr. Seuss created the word "nerd" in his 1950 children's book If I Ran the Zoo. In the book, the main character says he'll find fictional animals and put them in an imaginary zoo, including “a Nerkle, a Nerd, and a seersucker too”. By 1951, people were using the word as another for "square," which was a popular insulting  slang word at the time, according to a Newsweek article. https://books.google.ca/books?id=6oYoAQAAMAAJ&q=%22regrettably+,+a+nerd+%22&redir_esc=y   

## Use over time 
In 1957, the Sunday Mail in Glasgow, Scotland published an article called “ABCs for squares” explaining slang. It said “nerd” meant “a square. Any explanation needed?” https://www.northstarnerd.org/Nerd-History.pdf   

In 1970, an American magazine called Current Slang said that a “nurd” was “someone with objectionable habits or traits. An uninteresting person. A dud.” https://www.uua.org/lifespan/curricula/journey/chapter4/154358.shtmlThen the word "nerd" was routinely used on the television sitcom Happy Days. As a result, use of the word became extremely popular throughout the United States. https://paulkienitz.net/nerd-history.html There were also sketches about nerds on Saturday Night Live. Then, in 1984, a movie called Revenge of the Nerds used comedy for social commentary.https://paulkienitz.net/nerd-history.html  

A number of fictional characters have been described as nerds, including Dilton Doiley https://archiecomics.fandom.com/wiki/Dilton_Doiley, Peter Parker, https://comicbook.com/comics/news/spider-man-being-a-jerk-is-a-core-character-trait/Milhouse Van Houten https://www.gamesradar.com/entertainment/animation-shows/after-35-years-the-actor-behind-the-simpsons-lovable-nerd-milhouse-is-retiring-but-not-before-one-last-treehouse-of-horror/and Hermione Granger.https://www.mugglenet.com/2016/07/role-model-hermione-granger/

People labeled as nerds tend to be bullied in school more often than others are.https://www.adventurestoauthenticity.com/blog/nerds  

## References
Janet Gaynor

* (1937)]]
**Janet Gaynor** (born **Laura Augusta Gainor**; October 6, 1906 – September 14, 1984) was an American actress and painter. She was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. In 1929, she was the first winner of the Academy Award for Best Actress for her roles in the movies *7th Heaven* (1927), *Sunrise: A Song of Two Humans* (1927), and *Street Angel'' (1928).

By 1927, Gaynor was one of Hollywood's leading ladies. Janet Gaynor has a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame at 6284 Hollywood Blvd. 

Gaynor was known for her role as Esther Blodgett/Vicki Lester in the 1937 movie *A Star Is Born*.

In September 1982, Gaynor and her husband were seriously injured in a car crash after a drunk driver crashed their car. She died two years after the crash on September 14, 1984 in Palm Springs, California from problems caused by her injuries at the age of 77. Gaynor is buried at Hollywood Forever Cemetery next to her second husband, Adrian. 

## References
## Other websites
*
Simone Signoret

**Simone Signoret** (; 25 March 192130 September 1985) was a French actress. She became the second French person to win an Academy Award, for her role in *Room at the Top* (1959).

Signoret won two Césars, three BAFTAs, an Emmy, a Cannes Film Festival Award, the Silver Bear for Best Actress awards, an NBR Award  and a Golden Globe nomination.

## Other websites
*
*
*
*Simone Signoret  at The-Numbers.com
*Simone Signoret at Find A Grave
Roberto Benigni

**Roberto Remigio Benigni**  (; born 27 October 1952) is an Italian actor, comedian, screenwriter and director.  He is known for writing, directing, producing and starring in *Life Is Beautiful*, for which he won the Academy Award for Best Actor.

## References
## Other websites
* Roberto Benigni's English fansite site.
* Roberto Benigni&nbsp;– A Biography 
* The Official Site of the Tour TuttoDante 
*
Paul Lukas

**Paul Lukas** (born **Pál Lukács**; May 26, 1894&nbsp;– August 15, 1971) was a Hungarian actor. He won the Academy Award for Best Actor for his role in *Watch on the Rhine* (1943).

## Other websites
* 
* 
* Paul Lukas at Virtual History
Robert Donat

**Friedrich Robert Donat** (18 March 1905&nbsp;– 9 June 1958) was an English actor. He is best known for his roles in Alfred Hitchcock's *The 39 Steps* (1935) and *Goodbye, Mr. Chips* (1939). He won the Academy Award for Best Actor in 1939.

## Notes
## Other websites
*
Paul Muni

**Paul Muni** (born **Frederich Meshilem Meier Weisenfreund**; September 22, 1895 – August 25, 1967) was an American actor. He won the Academy Award for Best Actor for his role in the 1936 movie *The Story of Louis Pasteur*.

## References
## Other websites
*
Victor McLaglen

**Victor Andrew de Bier Everleigh McLaglen** (10 December 1886 – 7 November 1959) was a British-American actor and activist. He was known for winning the Academy Award for Best Actor in 1935 for his role in *The Informer*.

## References
Wallace Beery

**Wallace Fitzgerald Beery** (April 1, 1885 – April 15, 1949) was an American actor. He is best known for his roles of Bill in *Min and Bill* (1930), as Long John Silver in *Treasure Island* (1934), as Pancho Villa in *Viva Villa!* (1934), and as Andy Purcell in *The Champ* (1931), for which he won the Academy Award for Best Actor.

## Notes
George Arliss

**George Arliss** (born **Augustus George Andrews,** 10 April 1868 – 5 February 1946) was an English actor, author, playwright and filmmaker. He was known for his role as British Prime Minister Benjamin Disraeli in *Disraeli* (1929), for which he won an Academy Award for Best Actor.

## Other websites
*
Warner Baxter

**Warner Leroy Baxter** (March 29, 1889 – May 7, 1951) was an American movie actor. Baxter became known for his role as The Cisco Kid in the 1928 movie *In Old Arizona*, for which he won the Academy Award for Best Actor at the 2nd Academy Awards.

## Notes
## References
Emil Jannings

**Emil Jannings** (born **Theodor Friedrich Emil Janenz**, 23 July 1884&nbsp;– 2 January 1950) was a German actor. He won the first Academy Award for Best Actor at the 1st Academy Awards for his roles as Duke Sergius Alexander in *The Last Command* and as August Schilling in *The Way of All Flesh*.

During World War II, he starred in many Nazi propaganda movies. After the fall for the Third Reich, he was unemployed and retired.

## Other websites
*
*
*Photographs of Emil Jannings
Jorge Aguado

**Jorge Rubén Aguado** (6 November 1925 &ndash; 12 July 2019) was an Argentine politician. He was born in Buenos Aires. Aguado was the *de facto* Governor of Buenos Aires Province from 1982 through 1983 and Minister of Agriculture and Livestock in 1981.

Aguado died on 12 July 2019 in Buenos Aires at the age of 93.

## References
Mission, Kansas

**Mission** is a city in Johnson County, Kansas, United States. It is part of the Kansas City Metropolitan Area. In 2020, 9,954 people lived there.

## Population
### 2020 census
The 2020 census says there were 9,954 people, 5,295 households, and 2,240 families living in Mission. Of the households, 46.6% owned their home and 53.4% rented their home.

The median age was 35.6 years. Of the people, 77.3% were White, 4.8% were Black, 4.0% were Asian, 0.4% were Native American, 0.1% were Pacific Islanders, 3.2% were from some other race, and 10.2% were two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 11.4% of the people.

### 2010 census
The 2010 census says there were 9,323 people, 5,000 households, and 2,130 families living in Mission.

## References
## Other websites
;City
* City of Mission, KS
* Mission - Directory of Public Officials
;Maps
* Mission City Map , KDOT
Werner Müller (politician)

**Wilhelm Werner Müller** (1 June 1946 &ndash; 15 July 2019) was a German politician and businessman. He was Federal Ministry of Economic Affairs and Energy from 1998 to 2002. Müller was born in Essen, Germany.

Müller died on 15 July 2019 in Essen from cancer at the age of 73.

## References
Paul F. Markham

**Paul F. Markham** (May 22, 1930 – July 13, 2019) was an American attorney. He was the United States Attorney for the District of Massachusetts from 1966 to 1969. Markham was born in Boston, Massachusetts. 

Markham was a key figure in the Chappaquiddick incident as he was with Senator Ted Kennedy during the incident. He played a key defense in Kennedy's favor.

Markham died on July 13, 2019 in Peabody, Massachusetts at the age of 89.

## References
Wikipedia Arbitration Committee

The **Wikipedia Arbitration Committee** (ARBCOM) is the highest decision-making body on the English Wikipedia. It has the final say on all disagreements between editors of the encyclopedia. It settles important disputes between Wikipedia’s editors and administrators. It has 15 members who are elected and who come from different countries.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Arbitration Committee (English Wikipedia)
Temperance movement

warns that moderate drinking leads to total disaster step-by-step]]
The **temperance movement** is a social movement against the consumption of alcoholic beverages. During the 19th and early 20th centuries, the temperance movement became very big in many countries. It led to Prohibition in the United States, which lasted from 1920 to 1933.

## Role of Women
The Woman's Christian Temperance Union (WCTU) started from a movement against saloons and liquor stores. It began in Ohio. It spread throughout the Midwestern United States during the winter of 1873-1874. The movement had over 32,000 women who went into saloons and liquor stores. They did this to disrupt business and stop the sales of alcohol. The WCTU was officially started in late November 1874 in Cleveland, Ohio.

## Related pages
* Temperance hall

## References
Woman's Christian Temperance Union

The '''Woman's Christian Temperance Union** (**WCTU''') is an active international temperance organization. It was one of the first organizations of women who wanted social reform. They did this with a program that "linked the religious and the secular through concerted and far-reaching reform strategies based on applied Christianity."  It was influential in the temperance movement, and supported the 18th Amendment. It was also influential in social reform issues that became big in the progressive era. 

The WCTU started on December 23, 1873, in Hillsboro, Ohio. It officially had a national convention in Cleveland, Ohio, in 1874.

## References
## Other websites
* World Woman's Christian Temperance Union 
* Address Before The Second Biennial Convention Of The World's Woman's Christian Temperance Union, by Frances Willard, President (October, 1893)
* Modern History Sourcebook: Woman's Christian Temperance Union: Growth of Membership and of Local, Auxiliary Unions, 1879-1921 
* “We Sang Rock of Ages”: Frances Willard Battles Alcohol in the late 19th century, by Frances Willard
* Woman's Christian Temperance Union (Nebraska Chapter) records at the Nebraska State Historical Society
* WCTU in Our Heritage 
* Woman's Christian Temperance Union (Iowa Chapter) records  at the Iowa Women's Archives, The University of Iowa Libraries, Iowa City
* National Woman's Christian Temperance Union of Australia *The Encyclopedia of Women and Leadership in Twentieth-Century Australia*
*Ruth Tibbits Tooze Papers, 1938-1940, at the Special Collections and Archives Research Center, Oregon State University Libraries
Hot Springs County, Wyoming

**Hot Springs County** is a county in the U.S. state of Wyoming. As of the 2020 United States Census, 4,621 people lived there. Its county seat is Thermopolis. The county is named for the hot springs located in Hot Springs State Park. Hot Springs County was created on February 21, 1911.

## Communities 
### Towns 
* East Thermopolis
* Kirby
* Thermopolis (county seat)

### Census-designated places 
* Lucerne
* Owl Creek

### Unincorporated communities 
* Embar
* Grass Creek
* Wedding of the Waters

### Ghost towns 
* Gebo

## References 
## Other websites 
* Hot Springs County official website
Hempstead, Texas

**Hempstead** is a city in Waller County, Texas, United States. The population was 5,430 at the 2020 census. It is the county seat of Waller County.

## References 
## Other websites 
* City of Hempstead official website
Ghiyas ud din Balban

**Ghiyas ud din Balban** was one of the most powerful sultans of the Slave dynasty of the Delhi Sultanate of South Asia. The real name of Ghiyas-ud-din Balban was Ulugh Khan. His famous titles were: Nabāb-e-Khudā (*Acolyte of God*), Jhil-e-Ellāhi (*Shadow of God*), Khudā-e-Vandgār (*Devotee of God*). Ghiyas-ud-din was the 9th sultan of the Mamluk dynasty which ruled the Delhi Sultanate. He ruled Delhi from 1266AD to 1286AD. 

During his reign, he appointed a spying agency called "*Barid*". Amir Khusrau (poet) came to the subcontinent during the reign of Sultan Ghiyas-ud-din Balban. Later Amir Khusrau become a famous court poet of Ala-ud-din Khalji. Some poems Amir Khusrau made are Kiran-ush-Sadin and Tughlaq Nama. Amir Khusrau was also known as the Parrot of India. Balban enforced some laws such as "**Sizada**" (penalization) and "**Paibas**" (kissing the throne). Balban created the first military department of the Delhi Sultanate. It was called "**Dewan-e-Arz**".

After the death of Sultan Iltutmish, Rukn-ud-din Firoz had been the ruler of the Delhi Sultanate. In 1236, Razia Sultana had become the Sultana of the Delhi Sultanate until she was killed by Balban. After Death of Razia Sultan in 1240 Ghiyas ud din Balban become the Sultan of Delhi.
Augusta, Kansas

**Augusta** is a city in Butler County, Kansas, United States.

## Geography
Augusta is at  (37.692425, -96.979886), at the confluence of the Walnut and Whitewater Rivers. It is along the western edge of Butler County. The United States Census Bureau says that the city has a total area of . Of that,  is land and  is water.

### Climate
Augusta has hot, humid summers and generally mild to cool winters. The Köppen Climate Classification system says that Augusta has a humid subtropical climate. it is abbreviated "Cfa" on climate maps.

## People
### 2020 census
The 2020 census says that there were 9,256 people, 3,670 households, and 2,423 families living in Augusta. Of the households, 64.9% owned their home and 35.1% rented their home.

The median age was 37.7 years. Of the people, 88.4% were White, 0.9% were Native American, 0.6% were Asian, 0.5% were Black, 0.1% were Pacific Islanders, 1.4% were from some other race, and 8.1% were two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 5.6% of the people.

### 2010 census
The 2010 census says that there were 9,274 people, 3,669 households, and 2,448 families living in Augusta.

## Education
Augusta is part of the Augusta USD 402 public school district.

## Media
Augusta has the *Butler County Times-Gazette* newspaper. They publish once every 3 weeks. It covers Augusta and neighboring towns.

## References
## Other websites
;City
* City of Augusta
* Augusta - Directory of Public Officials
* Downtown Augusta 
* Augusta Chamber of Commerce 
;Schools
* USD 402, local school district
* USD 402 School District Boundary Map , KDOT
;Maps
* Augusta City Map, KDOT