open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
The Hustle (movie)

***The Hustle*** is a 2019 American comedy movie directed by Chris Addison. It is a remake of the 1988 movie *Dirty Rotten Scoundrels*. The movie  stars Anne Hathaway, Rebel Wilson, and Alex Sharp. It is about two women who want to steal the money of an internet millionaire.

It was released on May 10, 2019 to negative reviews.

## References
Dinosaur Park Formation

which make access do difficult]]

The **Dinosaur Park Formation** is a group of rock layers in Alberta, Canada. It contains many fossils from the "Age of Dinosaurs", the Upper Cretaceous.

The uppermost member of the Belly River Group (or Judith River Group), is a major geologic unit in southern Alberta. It was deposited during the Campanian stage of the later Cretaceous, between about 76.9 and 75.8&nbsp;million years ago. It was deposited in alluvial and coastal plain environments. There, a fast-flowing river spread out over a flat plain. At this time, the continents were still quite close together, and tropical climates were usual.

These rocks have a  nonmarine Oldman Formation below and the marine (saltwater) Bearpaw Formation above. So they were low-lying and often submerged.

The Dinosaur Park Formation contains dense concentrations of dinosaur skeletons, both articulated and disarticulated. They are often found with preserved remains of soft tissues. Remains of other animals such as fish, turtles, and crocodilians, and plants, are also abundant. The formation has been named after Dinosaur Provincial Park, a UNESCO World Heritage Site where the formation is well exposed in the badlands that flank the Red Deer River.

## References 
## Related pages 
*Dinosaur Provincial Park
Black Widower

"**Black Widower**" (first named "**The Return of Sideshow Bob**") is the 21st episode of the  3rd season of ***The Simpsons***. It was first broadcast on the Fox network on April 9, 1992.

## Other websites 
*
*
*
The Long Voyage Home

***The Long Voyage Home*** is a 1940 American drama movie directed by John Ford was based on the four plays by Eugene O'Neill. It stars John Wayne, Thomas Mitchell, Ian Hunter, Barry Fitzgerald, Wilfrid Lawson, Ward Bond, John Qualen, Arthur Shields and was distributed by United Artists. It was nominated for 6 Academy Awards in 1941.

## Other websites
* 
* 
*
Svatopluk Karásek

**Svatopluk Karásek** (18 October 1942 &ndash; 20 December 2020) was a Czech politician, Evangelical priest and activist. He was born in Prague. He was known as a signer of the Charter 77. He was a member of the Freedom Union – Democratic Union. Karásek was a member of the Chamber of Deputies from 2002 to 2006.

Karásek died in Prague on 20 December 2020 at the age of 78.

## References
Mile Bogović

Bishop **Mile Bogović** (7 August 1939 – 19 December 2020) was a Croatian Roman Catholic prelate. He was born in Gornji Cerovac, Kingdom of Yugoslavia.

Bogović was a Titular Bishop of Tamata and Auxiliary Bishop of Archdiocese of Rijeka–Senj from 4 June 1999 until 25 May 2000 and the first Diocesan Bishop of the new created Gospić-Senj from 25 May 2000 until his retirement on 4 April 2016.

Bogović died on 19 December 2020 of COVID-19 in Rijeka, Croatia at the age of 81.

## References
Badlands National Park

**Badlands National Park** is an American national park in southwestern South Dakota. The park protects  It is a site where the black-footed ferret, one of the most endangered mammals in the world, was reintroduced to the wild. 

The South Unit, or Stronghold District, includes sites of 1890s Ghost Dances, a former United States Air Force bomb and gunnery range, and Red Shirt Table, the park's highest point at .

Authorized as Badlands National Monument on March 4, 1929, it was not established until January 25, 1939. Badlands was redesignated a national park on November 10, 1978. 

The park also administers the nearby Minuteman Missile National Historic Site. The movies *Dances with Wolves* (1990) and *Thunderheart* (1992) were partially filmed in Badlands National Park.

## References
Helen Slayton-Hughes

**Helen Slayton-Hughes** (October 30, 1930; December, 7 2022) is an American actress. She played Ethel Beavers in *Parks and Recreation*. She was born in Glen Ridge, New Jersey. Her career began in 1980.
Slayton-Hughes died in her sleep on Wednesday, December 7, 2022 at age 92. Her death was publicly announced by her family on Thursday, December 8, 2022, via Facebook.
## References
Scouse

**Scouse** (; sometimes called **Liverpool English** or **Merseyside English**) is an accent and dialect of English beginning in the northwest county of Merseyside. It originated mostly from Irish (from the Irish Potato Famine) and Welsh immigrants. The Scouse accent is very noticeable and is not similar with those of the neighbouring regions. The accent is named after the stew scouse, which Liverpudlians eat a lot. Liverpool's accent, like most of the "Northern" English accents, is considered to be informal.

The accent can now be found in areas close to Liverpool, like Widnes and Runcorn, because Liverpool was developed a lot in the 1950s. A lot of different types of the accent exist, for example, the Northern accent, which is different from the southern accent.

## Words it uses 
* Abar: About
* Antwacky: Old-fashioned
* Arl arse: Unfair/mean
* Aul fella: Father
* Bail/ Bail it: To leave or decide to not do something
* Baltic: Freezing
* Barnet: Hair
* Barneted: On drugs
* Be arsed: Can't be bothered
* Beak/lemo: Cocaine
* Bevvy: Alcoholic drink
* Bevvied: Drunk
* Bezzy: Best friend
* Bifter/ciggy: Cigarette
* Bird: Girlfriend
* Bizzy: Police officer
* Blag: Fake
* Blueshite: Used by Liverpool fans to talk to Everton or its fans
* Boss: Great
* Brass/Brass House: Prostitute/Brothel
* Brekkie: Breakfast
* Butty: Sandwich
* Chocka: Heavily populated/busy
* Clobber: Clothes
* Clocked/Clocked it: To notice or see something
* Cob on: Bad mood
* Da: Father
* Dead: Very
* Devoed: Devastated
* Divvy: Idiot
* Gary: Ecstasy pill. Originates from Cockney rhyming slang of footballers name Gary Abblett, which rhymes with tablet.
* Gegging in: Being intrusive
* Get on it/that: To do something or look at something
* G'wed: alright then
* Heavy: An expression used when something is very bad and less frequently when something is very good
* Fuming: Extremely angry
* Is right: An expression of agreement
* Jarg: Fake
* Jib off/sack off: To avoid doing something or dump a boyfriend/girlfriend
* Kecks: Pants
* Ken: House
* Kip: Sleep
* Lad/la/lid: Male friend or young man in general
* Lecky: Electricity
* Ma: Mother
* Made up: Extremely happy
* Meff: A person who lacks intelligence or is otherwise disliked
* Ming: A person who is unattractive or not well liked
* Minty: Dirty
* Moody: When someone or something is bad
* oer : when something shocks a scouser "oer"
* Offie: Off-licence
* Ozzy: Hospital
* Plazzy: Plastic
* Plod: Police
* Prin: A girl or woman (short for Princess)
* Proper: Really/very
* Redshite: Used by Everton fans to refer to Liverpool F.C. or its fans
* Scally: Chav
* Scatty: When something is dirty or strange
* Scran: Food
* Sound: Okay
* Swerve: Avoid
* Ta: Thanks
* Ta-ra: Goodbye
* Terrored: When someone is being mocked or hounded about something (Short for Terrorised)
* Trackie: Tracksuit
* Twisted: On drugs
* Webs: Trainers
* West: Weird or crazy
* Wool/Woolyback: Someone from the towns and villages near Liverpool
* Yous/Youse: 2nd person plural.

## References
Pat Smear

**Georg Albert Ruthenberg** (born August 5, 1959), better known by the stage name **Pat Smear**, is an American musician. He is best known as a rhythm guitarist of the rock band Foo Fighters. He has recorded five studio albums with the band.

Smear was a founding member of punk band the Germs.

## References
Lynn Collins

{{Infobox person
| name               = Lynn Collins
| image              = LynnCollinsApr09.jpg
| caption            = Collins in April 2009
| birth_name         = Viola Lynn Collins
| birth_date         = 
| birth_place        = Houston, Texas, U.S.}
| education          = Juilliard School (BFA)
| occupation         = Actress
| years_active       = 1999–present
| spouse             = 
| children           = 1
}}

**Viola Lynn Collins** (born May 16, 1977) is an American actress. She has made television appearances in *True Blood* (2008) and *Manhunt: Unabomber* (2017). She also starred in the movies *X-Men Origins: Wolverine* (2009) and *John Carter* (2012).

## References
Lily-Rose Depp

**Lily-Rose Melody Depp** (born May 27, 1999) is a French-born American actress and model. She is the daughter of Johnny Depp and Vanessa Paradis. She is known for her role as Ellen Hutter in the 2024 supernatural horror movie *Nosferatu*.

Depp began her acting career with a small role in *Tusk* (2014). She later starred in *The Dancer* (2016), *Planetarium* (2016), and *The King* (2019).

## References
Oleg Sentsov

**Oleg Gennadyevich Sentsov** (; ; born 13 July 1976) is a Ukrainian filmmaker, writer and activist. 

He is known for his 2011 movie *Gamer*. 

After the Russian annexation of Crimea, he was arrested in Crimea in May 2014 and sentenced to 20 years' imprisonment by a Russian court in August 2015 on charges of plotting terrorism acts. This was controversial and many believed his arrest was politically motivated.

On 7 September 2019 he was released in a prisoner swap.

## References
Roxanne Dunbar-Ortiz

**Roxanne Dunbar-Ortiz** (born September 10, 1938) is an American indigenous rights activist, feminist writer, and historian. She is known for her 1977 book *The Great Sioux Nation*. 

She is Professor Emerita of Ethnic Studies at California State University, Hayward. Since retiring from university teaching, she has been lecturing widely and writing.

## References
A Stolen Life (movie)

***A Stolen Life*** is a 1946 American drama movie directed by Curtis Bernhardt and was the remake of the 1939 movie *Stolen Life*. It stars Bette Davis, Glenn Ford, Dane Clark, Walter Brennan, Peggy Knudsen, Charlie Ruggles, Bruce Bennett, Esther Dale and was distributed by Warner Bros.. It was nominated for an Academy Award in 1947.

## Other websites
* 
* 
*
Rosalind Knight

**Rosalind Knight** (3 December 1933 – 19 December 2020) was an English actress. She acted in ''Blue Murder at St Trinian's* (1957), *Carry On Nurse* (1959), *Carry On Teacher* (1959), *Tom Jones* (1963), and *About a Boy* (2002). 

She played Beryl in the BBC sitcom *Gimme Gimme Gimme* (1999–2001). 

She played Horrible Grandma in *Friday Night Dinner'' (2012, 2016–2020).

Knight died on 19 December 2020, aged 87.

## References
Ludvonga

**Ludvonga II** (c. 1855 - 1872) was a prince of Swaziland, son of Mswati II of Swaziland. His mother was from the Khumalo clan.   He was the crown prince, meaning he had been selected to be the next king.  He died in 1872, so he never became king. Then his half-brother Mbandzeni became crown prince. Ludvonga's mother adopted Mbandzeni.

## Death 
Ludvonga was poisoned in 1872 when he was 17-19 years old.
Nasser Sabah Al-Ahmad Al-Sabah

Sheikh **Nasser Bin Sabah Al-Ahmad Al-Sabah** (; 27 April 1948 – 20 December 2020) was a Kuwaiti royal and politician. He was the First Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Defense of Kuwait from 2017 until 2019. Nasser was the oldest son of Sabah Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah. He was born in Kuwait City.

Nasser died on 20 December 2020, aged 72. He died two months after his father's death in September.

## References
Ngwenyama

**Ngwenyama** (also *Ingwenyama*) is the official name of the male ruler of Eswatini, or Swaziland. It means "the lion."

## References
Mswati II

**Mswati II** (d. 1868), also known as **Mswati** and **Mavuso II**, was the king of Eswatini between 1840 and 1868. He was also the eponym of Eswatini.  Scholars say Mswati was the best of Eswatini's fighting kings. He made Eswatini much larger.

Mswati was the son of Sobhuza I and Tsandzile Ndwandwe (known as '**LaZidze**) who after ruling as Queen Mother became Queen Regent after the death of her son. When Sobhuza died, Mswati inherited the kingdom.  At that time, it was from present day Barberton in the north and included the Nomahasha district in Mozambique. Mswati's became a strong military power after Mswati and his brothers Fokoti, Somcuba and Malambule stopped fighting each other.

When Mswati's armies attacked other Bantu armies or nations, they stole cattle and captured people instead of trying to make the other people's territory part of their kingdom. Around this time, the Trekboers became the first Europeans to meet any Swazis.  

Mswati made Swazi territory much larger than it is today. There were military outposts and royal village outposts such as Mbhuleni, on the upper Komati River at the foot of the Mkongomo Mountains, south of Badplaas, Mekemeke which is east of the Mbayiyane Mountains, situated east of Mantibovu (Low’s Creek). The death of Mswati II in July 1868 ended the era of Swazi conquest, territorial expansion and resulted in unification of various people into one nation.
Paul M. Cook

**Paul M. Cook** (April 25, 1924 – December 14, 2020) was an American businessman. He was the founder and CEO of Raychem. In 1988, he was awarded the National Medal of Technology by President Ronald Reagan. Cook was born in Ridgewood, New Jersey.

Cook died on December 14, 2020 at the age of 96.

## References
Toast, North Carolina

**Toast** is a census-designated place (CDP) in Surry County, North Carolina, United States. It is west of Mount Airy, North Carolina. 1,423 lived here at the 2020 census.

## References
Harpymimus

***Harpymimus*** (meaning "harpy mimic") is an ornithomimosaurian dinosaur that lived during the Early Cretaceous in Mongolia around 107-100 million years ago. It was discovered in 1981 and was named in 1984. *Harpymimus* either belonged within its own family, Harpymimidae, or within the Deinocheiridae.

## References
Celebes frog

The **celebes frog** (*Papurana celebensis*) is a frog from Indonesia. People have seen it between 326 to 1075 meters above sea level.

## References
Red pill and blue pill

* (1999)]]

The terms "**red pill**" and "**blue pill**" refer to a choice between the willingness to learn a potentially unsettling or life-changing truth, by taking the red pill, or remaining in contented ignorance with the blue pill. The terms refer to a scene in the 1999 film *The Matrix''.
Deception (1946 movie)

***Deception*** is a 1946 American crime drama movie directed by Irving Rapper and is the second adaption of the 1927 play *Monsieur Lamberthier*. It stars Bette Davis, Paul Henreid, Claude Rains, Benson Fong and was distributed by Warner Bros..

## Other websites
* 
* 
*
Johan Cruyff Shield

The **Johan Cruyff Shield** (Dutch: ***Johan Cruijff Schaal***), or sometimes known as the Dutch Super Cup, is a football trophy. It is named after former Dutch footballer Johan Cruyff. It is played between the winner of the Eredivisie and the winner of the KNVB Cup. If 1 team wins both the Eredivisie and the KNVB Cup, the team that finished 2nd in the Eredivisie would replace the KNVB Cup winners.

## History
### Super Cup
The first Super Cup match was played on 25 June 1949. The league winner SVV won 2-0 against the cup winner Quick Nijmegen.

The Dutch FA brought back the competition in 1991, with the new name of the PTT Telecom Cup. The match was always played at the De Kuip stadium in Rotterdam.

### Johan Cruyff Shield
In 1996, the format was changed to the current set-up. It would be played in the Amsterdam Arena under the name Johan Cruyff Schaal, Dutch for Johan Cruyff Shield.

Starting in 2017, the match will be played in the stadium of the Eredivisie champions.

## Results
### Super Cup
### Johan Cruyff Shield
## Winners by club
The performance of various clubs is shown in the following table:

## References
## Other websites
*Netherlands - List of Super Cup Finals, RSSSF.com
Haverfordwest

**Haverfordwest** (/ˌhævərfərdˈwɛst/;  [ˈhʊlfɔrð]) is the county town of Pembrokeshire, Wales. It is the most populous urban area in Pembrokeshire. In 2001, 13,367 people lived there. Its community boundaries made it the second-most populous settlement in the county, with 10,812 people. The suburbs include the former parish of Prendergast, Albert Town and the residential and industrial areas of Withybush (housing, retail parks, hospital, airport and showground).

Haverfordwest is located in a strategic position, being at the lowest crossing point of the Western Cleddau before the opening of the Cleddau Bridge in 1975.

## Famous people 
The town is famous as the birthplace of Simon Warr, who was in ''That'll Teach Em''. It is also the birth place of Christian Bale, who was in "American Physco".
Chitwan frog

The **Chitwan frog** (*Papurana chitwanensis*) is a frog from Nepal.  Scientists think it may live in India too.

## References
Bitdefender

**Bitdefender** is a multinational Romanian cybersecurity and anti-virus software company. It was created on 6 November 2001 by Florin Talpeș who is currently the chief executive officer of the company. Bitdefender creates and sells cybersecurity products and services.

In 2018, the software had about 500 million users worldwide.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Official website
Nicholas Leo Hubbard

**Nicholas Leo Hubbard** (May 8, 1895 &ndash; January 4, 1983) was an American politician, farmer, and businessman.

Hubbard was born in Mount Pulaski, Illinois. He went to the Mount Pulaski Public Schools and graduated from Illinois State University. Hubbard served in the United States Army during World War I and was commissioned a second lieutenant. He taught school in Mount Pulaski and was a farmer. He was involved with the grain elevator business and was the owner of the Mount Pulaski Grain Company. Hubbard served in the Illinois House of Representatives from 1935 to 1941 and in the Illinois Senate from 1941 to 1945. Hubbard was a Democrat. Hubbard died at the Abraham Lincoln Hospital in Lincoln, Illinois.

## Family members 
* Joan H. Wolf (niece)

## Notes
Canton, Missouri

**Canton** is a city in Lewis County, Missouri, United States. The population was 2,774 at the 2020 census.

## References
The Howards of Virginia

***The Howards of Virginia*** is a 1940 American drama movie directed by Frank Lloyd and was based on the 1939 novel *The Tree of Liberty* by Elizabeth Page. It stars Cary Grant, Martha Scott, Sir Cedric Hardwicke, Irving Bacon, Richard Carlson, Rita Quigley, Alan Marshal and was distributed by Columbia Pictures. It was nominated for 2 Academy Awards in 1941.

## Other websites
* 
* 
*
The Letter (1940 movie)

***The Letter*** is a 1940 American crime drama movie directed by William Wyler and is the second adaption of the 1927 play of the same name by W. Somerset Maugham. It stars Bette Davis, Herbert Marshall, James Stephenson, Frieda Inescort, Gale Sondergaard, Bruce Lester, Cecil Kellaway, Sen Yung, Doris Lloyd and was distributed by Warner Bros.. It was nominated for 7 Academy Awards in 1941.
 
Plot
Leslie Crosbie, the wife of a British rubber plantation manager in Malaysia shoots dead Geoffrey Hammond, a well known member of the exparate community. Leslie tells the servant to send for the new district officer and her husband Robert, who is loading rubber for shipment. Leslie explains that she kills Hammond to protect her honor. 
The widow of Hammond has a letter written by Leslie. Her attorney, Howard Joyce, agrees to bribe the widow in order to not tell the DA about the letter. He knows full well this could ruin his career but does so under Leslie's manipulation. Leslie is acquitte.

## Other websites
* 
* 
*
Karin Lindberg

**Karin Elisabet Lindberg** (later **Lindén**; 6 October 1929 &ndash; 2 December 2020) was a Swedish gymnast. She competed at the 1948, 1952 (winning gold medal) and 1956 Summer Olympics (winning silver medal).

Lindberg died on 2 December 2020, aged 91.

## References
Neil Robbins

**Neil James Robbins** (8 September 1929 &ndash; 6 December 2020) was an Australian steeplechase and long-distance runner. He competed in the six-mile run at the 1954 British Empire and Commonwealth Games and in the 3000 metres steeplechase at the 1956 Summer Olympics.

Robbins died on 6 December 2020, aged 91.

## References
Catie Lazarus

**Catherine Simone Avnet Lazarus** (April 26, 1976 – December 13, 2020) was an American writer, comedian, and talk show host. Lazarus was best known as creator and host of the *Employee of the Month*, a monthly comedy show and podcast filmed live at Joe's Pub in New York City. 

Lazarus died from breast cancer at her apartment in New York City on December 13, 2020, at age 44.

## References
Eddie Lee Jackson

**Eddie Lee Jackson** (July 7, 1949 – December 18, 2020) was an American politician. He was a Democratic member of the Illinois House of Representatives from January 9, 2009 through January 11, 2017. He was born in Canalou, Missouri.

Jackson died of COVID-19 on December 18, 2020, in East St. Louis, Illinois. He was 71.

## References
Canalou, Missouri

**Canalou** is a city in New Madrid County, Missouri, United States. About 158 people lived here at the 2020 census.

## References
Alberto Valdés Jr.

**Alberto Valdés Lacarra Jr.** (30 November 1950 – 19 December 2020) was a Mexican equestrian. He was born in Mexico City. He won a bronze medal at the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow.

Valdés Jr. died on 19 December 2020 in Mexico City, aged 70.

## References 
## Other websites 
*
Chad & Jeremy

**Chad & Jeremy** were an English musical duo consisting of Chad Stuart and Jeremy Clyde, which began working in 1962.

The band had its first hit song in the UK with "Yesterday's Gone". That song became a hit in the United States in the following year as part of the British Invasion. 

The duo had many hits in the United States, including "Willow Weep for Me", "Before and After", and their biggest hit, "A Summer Song".

## References
Blind-baking

**Baking blind** is the process of baking a pie crust or other pastry without the filling. Blind baking a pie crust is important when it will be filled with an unbaked filling (such as with pudding or cream pies). Blind baking can also be used if the filling has a shorter baking time than the crust. Blind baking is also used to keep pie crust from becoming soggy because of a wet filling.

## References
Sian Elias

Dame **Sian Seerpoohi Elias**  (born 13 March 1949) is a New Zealand jurist. She served as the 12th Chief Justice of New Zealand from 1999 to 2019. She was the first woman to hold the position. She has also been the Administrator of the Government four times (2001, 2006, 2011 and 2016).

Elias was born in London. Her mother was Welsh and her father was of Armenian ancestry. In 1952, her family moved to New Zealand. They settled in Titirangi, Auckland. She married businessman Hugh Fletcher in 1970.

## References
Leo Panitch

**Leo Victor Panitch**  (3 May 1945 – 19 December 2020) was a Canadian philosopher, editor and political scientist. He was a professor at York University. Starting in 1985, he was co-editor of the *Socialist Register*. Panitch was born in Winnipeg, Manitoba. He was a supporter of Marxism.

Panitch died on 19 December 2020 at a hospital in Toronto, Ontario from pneumonia caused by COVID-19 and multiple myeloma, aged 75.

## Works
* *The Socialist Challenge Today* (co-authored with Sam Gindin), Merlin Press: 2018
* *The Making of Global Capitalism: The Political Economy of American Empire* (co-authored with Sam Gindin), Verso: 2012
* *In and Out of Crisis: The Global Financial Meltdown and Left Alternatives* (co-authored with Greg Albo and Sam Gindin), PM Press: 2010
* *Renewing Socialism: Transforming Democracy, Strategy and Imagination*, Merlin Press: 2008
* *From Consent to Coercion: The Assault on Trade Union Freedoms* (co-authored with Donald Swartz), University of Toronto Press: 2003
* *The End of Parliamentary Socialism: From New Left to New Labour* (2nd edition) (co-authored with Colin Leys), Verso: 2001
* *Working Class Politics in Crisis: Essays on Labour and the State*, Verso: 1986
* *The Canadian State: Political Economy and Political Power*, University of Toronto Press: 1977

## References
Chesterfield (UK Parliament constituency)

**Chesterfield** is a constituency of the Parliament of the United Kingdom in Derbyshire, England. It has been represented in the House of Commons by Labour politician Toby Perkins since 2010. It was first created in 1885.

## Members of Parliament 
## Election results
### Elections in the 2010s
### Elections in the 2000s
### Elections in the 1990s
### Elections in the 1980s
### Elections in the 1970s
### Elections in the 1960s
### Elections in the 1950s
### Elections in the 1940s
**General Election 1939/40**:

Another general election was required to take place before the end of 1940. The political parties had been making preparations for an election to take place from 1939 and by the end of this year, the following candidates had been selected; ***Labour**: George Benson, 
***Conservative**:

### Elections in the 1930s 
### Elections in the 1920s
### Elections in the 1910s 
### Elections in the 1900s
### Elections in the 1890s
### Elections in the 1880s
## References
Foreign Intelligence Service (Russia)

The **Foreign Intelligence Service of the Russian Federation** or **SVR RF** () is Russia's external intelligence agency.

It is mainly concerned with civilian affairs. The SVR RF succeeded the First Chief Directorate (PGU) of the KGB in December 1991. The SVR has its headquarters in Moscow.

Unlike the Russian Federal Security Service (FSB), the SVR does intelligence and espionage activities outside the Russian Federation.  It works with the Russian Main Intelligence Directorate {the GRU), its military-affairs espionage counterpart. The SVR is also negotiates anti-terrorist cooperation and intelligence-sharing arrangements with foreign intelligence agencies. It gives analysis and dissemination of intelligence to the Russian president.

SVR RF is the official foreign-operations successor to many Soviet-era foreign intelligence agencies, from the original 'foreign department' of the Cheka under Vladimir Lenin, to the OGPU and NKVD of the Stalinist era, followed by the First Chief Directorate of the KGB.

## References
Blanching (cooking)

**Blanching** is a cooking process in which a food, usually a vegetable or fruit, is scalded in boiling water, removed after a short timed break, and then dropped into cold water to stop the cooking process. Blanching foods helps reduce the loss of quality over time.

People usually use blanching to treat food before freezing, drying, or canning—heating vegetables or fruits to inactivate enzymes, change texture and remove the peel. Blanching is also used to preserve color, flavor, and nutritional value. The benefits of blanching include removing pesticide residues and killing of microorganisms. The disadvantages of blanching can include leaching of nutrients that dissolves in water and the production of effluent. In both methods, the food is heated for a short period of time and then dropped into either cold water or cold air to quickly stop the heating process. At the industrial level, foods move on a conveyor belt through preheating, holding, and cooling systems.

Steam blanching systems inject hot air onto food as it passes through the blanching system on a conveyor belt. This method reduces the leaching of water-soluble compounds from the product. It is more energy-efficient. This reduced heat exposure preserves color, flavor, and overall quality of the food.

Emerging technologies include ohmic, infrared, microwave, and radio frequency blanching.

Tthe times and temperatures are not enough to effectively destroy all microorganisms.

A limitation to hot water blanching is the leaching of water-soluble nutrients and the degradation of thermal sensitive compounds. Vitamins, minerals, and other water-soluble compounds, such as proteins, sugars, and flavor compounds, diffuse out of the food and into the water, lowering the overall quality of the food. The degree to which compounds diffuse out of food depends on the food's composition and characteristics, the water to food ratio, the blanching temperature, and other variables. Ascorbic acid, thiamin, and many aromatic compounds are heat-sensitive.

A complication in the food industry is the production of effluent from water blanching systems. Blanching with reused water can lead to a buildup of water-soluble compounds that are considered pollutants, and therefore must be properly treated before being discharged. This can increase capital costs at the industrial level and has been a main reason for the development of newer blanching technologies.

## References
Chewy (company)

**Chewy, Inc.** is an American online retailer of pet food and other pet-related products based in Dania Beach, Florida. In 2017, Chewy was acquired by PetSmart for $3.35 billion, which was the largest ever acquisition of an e-commerce business at the time. The company completed its initial public offering in 2019, raising $1 billion.

## References
## Other websites
* 
*
Lauren Daigle

**Lauren Ashley Daigle** (born September 9, 1991) is an American contemporary Christian singer. She released her first album *How Can it Be* in 2015. On the *Billboard* Top Christian Albums chart, the album hit #1. It also produced three #1 hits on the *Billboard* Christian Airplay chart ("First", "Trust in You" and "O'Lord").

Daigle's third studio album, *Look Up Child*, was released in September 2018. It was boosted by the pop-crossover success of the song "You Say." It began at #3 on the American *Billboard* 200 chart. That made it the highest-charting Christian album by a female artist in over 20 years. It was also #1 on the Top Christian Albums chart.

Daigle won two Grammy Awards, seven GMA Dove Awards, five *Billboard* Music Awards and two American Music Awards. She had four #1 songs on the *Billboard* Christian Airplay and the Hot Christian Chart.

Daigle was born in Lake Charles, Louisiana. She grew up in Lafayette, Louisiana.

## References
Florencio Olvera Ochoa

**Florencio Olvera Ochoa** (October 12, 1933 – December 20, 2020) was a Mexican Bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Cuernavaca from 2002 to 2009. Olvera was born in Tequisquiapan, Mexico. He became a priest in Querétaro in 1958. He was made bishop of Tabasco in 1992 and bishop of Cuernavaca in 2002. On July 10, 2009 Pope Benedict XVI accepted his resignation.

Olvera Ochoa died on December 20, 2020 at the age of 87.

## References
Santa Claus, Georgia

**Santa Claus** is a city in the U.S. state of Georgia. It's part of the Vidalia area. The city is Christmas-themed. At the 2020 census, about 204 people lived there.

## References
Ezra Vogel

**Ezra Feivel Vogel** (; July 11, 1930 – December 20, 2020) was an American scholar and japanologist. He was the Professor of the Social Sciences at Harvard University. He wrote about modern Japan, China, Korea, and Asia. He was known for his 1978 volume *Japan as Number One: Lessons for America*. In 2011, he won the Lionel Gelber Prize.

Vogel died at a hospital in Cambridge, Massachusetts from surgery-related problems on December 20, 2020 at the age of 90.

## References
Pornography addiction

**Pornography addiction** means someone is addicted to viewing porn. This addiction can be compulsive. Porn viewing is usually viewed as a problem if it interferes with someone's financial or social life. Some people with porn addiction say they suffer from social isolation or depression. There are also some celebrities who have porn addiction. Some celebrities with porn addiction have said that the porn addiction affected their marriage. For some celebrities, porn addiction was the main cause of their divorce. 

Some analysts say that porn addiction is caused by the difficult of dating for example men outnumbering female on dating sites and fake female bot dating profiles. Some analysts say porn addiction in men is caused by the 80/20 rule wherein women are only attracted o the top 20% of men. The 80/20 rule was discovered in many dating site statistics.

## References
When We All Fall Asleep, Where Do We Go?

***When We All Fall Asleep, Where Do We Go?*** (stylized in all caps) is the first album by American singer-songwriter Billie Eilish. It was released on March 29, 2019.

## Awards 
At the 2020 Grammy Awards, it won Album of the Year, Best Pop Vocal Album, and Best Engineered Album, Non-Classical. "Bad Guy" won Record of the Year and Song of the Year.

## Track listing 
## References
Twilight Time (album)

***Twilight Time*** is the album by the Finnish power metal band Stratovarius.

## Track listing 
# "Break the Ice" - 4:42
# "The Hands of Time" - 5:35
# "Madness Strikes at Midnight" - 7:19
# "Metal Frenzy" - 2:20
# "Twilight Time" - 5:50
# "The Hills Have Eyes" - 6:19
# "Out of the Shadows" - 4:09
# "Lead Us into the Light" - 5:45

## Band members 
*Timo Tolkki - Guitar, Bass, Vocals
*Antti Ikonen - Keyboards
*Tuomo Lassila - Drums, production
*Juha Heininen – engineering, mixing
Pippa Scott

**Philippa Scott** (November 10, 1935- May 22, 2025) is an American actress. Her movie credits include *The Searchers* (1956), *As Young as We Are* (1958), *Auntie Mame* (1958), ''Quick, Let's Get Married* (1964), *Petulia* (1968), *Some Kind of a Nut* (1969), *Cold Turkey* (1971) and *Bad Ronald* (1974).

Scott has also appeared in television shows such as  *Maverick*, *Mr. Lucky*, *The Alaskans*, *The DuPont Show with June Allyson*, *The Twilight Zone*, *Thriller*, *F Troop*, *Have Gun – Will Travel*, *Redigo*, *The Tall Man*, *The Dick Van Dyke Show*, *The Rat Patrol*, *Gomer Pyle, U.S.M.C.*, *Gunsmoke*, *The Virginian*, *Perry Mason*, *The Fugitive*, *The Mary Tyler Moore Show*, *The Waltons*, *Columbo* and *Jigsaw John''.

Scott was born in Los Angeles, California. She is the daughter of actress Laura Straub and screenwriter Allan Scott. She was married to producer Lee Rich from 1964 until their divorce in 1983. The couple had two children.

## References
## Other websites
*
St Mary's Stadium

'''St Mary's Stadium''' is a football stadium. It is the home stadium for Southampton.The capacity is 32,505.
Braising

**Braising** is a cooking method that uses both wet and dry heats. Usually, the food is first sautéed or seared at a high temperature, then kept in a covered pot at a lower temperature while some amount of liquid is added.

## References
FIFA 21

***FIFA 21*** is a 2020 association football simulation video game in Electronic Arts' *FIFA* series created by EA Vancouver and published by Electronic Arts. It was released for the Playstation 4, PlayStation 5, Xbox One, Xbox Series X and Series S, Nintendo Switch, Google Stadia and Microsoft Windows.
FIFA 11

***FIFA 11*** is a 2010 association football simulation video game in Electronic Arts' *FIFA* series created by EA Canada and published by Electronic Arts. It was released for the Playstation 2, Playstation 3, Playstation Portable, Xbox 360, Wii, Nintendo 3DS, Android, iOS, MacOS and Microsoft Windows.
Ludwig Bründl

**Ludwig "Bubi" Bründl** (born 23 November 1946) is a retired German footballer. He played eight seasons in the German Bundesliga between 1965 and 1975. He won a Bundesliga title in 1966 with TSV 1860 München, although he made no appearances.

## Honours
;Club
* Bundesliga: 1965–66
* Bundesliga runner-up: 1966–67

;Individual
* UEFA Cup top scorer: 1971–72

## References
## Other websites
*
FIFA Soccer 96

***FIFA Soccer 96*** is a 1995 association football simulation video game in Electronic Arts' *FIFA* series published by Electronic Arts. It was released for the PlayStation, Sega Saturn, Mega Drive, Sega 32X, Game Gear, Super Nintendo, Game Boy and Microsoft Windows.
FIFA Soccer 95

***FIFA Soccer 95*** is a 1994 association football simulation video game in Electronic Arts *FIFA* series published by Electronic Arts. It was released for the Sega Genesis in November 1994. It is a sequel to *FIFA International Soccer* and the second game in the FIFA series. It is the only FIFA title to not be released on PC.
FIFA International Soccer

***FIFA International Soccer*** is a 1993 association football simulation video game in Electronic Arts' *FIFA* series published by Electronic Arts. It was released for the Sega Genesis, Sega CD, Game Gear, Master System, Super Nintendo, Game Boy, 3DO, MS-DOS and Amiga.
Delfino López Aparicio

**Delfino López Aparicio** (9 February 1960 &ndash; 20 December 2020) was a Mexican politician. He was a member of the National Regeneration Movement. López Aparicio was born in Mexico City. He was a member of the Mexican Chamber of Deputies from 1 September 2018 until his death in 2020.

López Aparicio died on 20 December 2020 at a hospital in Mexico City from COVID-19, aged 60.

## References
QS World University Rankings

The **QS World University Rankings** list the world's universities in order from the most prestigious to least.

This is the 2024 QS World University Rankings list of the top 20 universities in the world.

## Top 20
## QS Stars
QS Stars is a rating system that is designed to help students in choosing right university. The rating system is based on topics that are matter of importance to students. The rating system is from 0 to 5. These ratings are applied to 13 key categories.

## QS Methodology
QS ranking methodology is based on indicators, based on which the ranking is calculated.Earlier there were 6 indicators, however for 2024 university rankings, QS has added 3 more indicators, namely- Employment Outcomes, International Research Network and Sustainability.

## References 
## Other websites
*Official website
Nicette Bruno

**Nicete Xavier Miessa** (*née* **Bruno**; January 7, 1933 – December 20, 2020), known professionally as **Nicette Bruno**, was a Brazilian actress. Her career began in 1945. Bruno was born in Niterói, Rio de Janeiro. Bruno was known for her roles as Sara in *Sétimo Sentido*, Isolda in *Louco Amor* and as Vivian in *Perigosas Peruas*.

Bruno died on December 20, 2020 from COVID-19 in Rio de Janeiro, aged 87.

## References
## Other websites
*
The Ollie & Moon Show

***The Ollie & Moon Show*** is an animated preschool television series developed by Diane Kredensor, Robert Vargas and David Michel. in 2017 for the Universal Kids television network.

## List of characters 
* Ollie
* Moon
* Stanley

## References
1971–72 UEFA Cup

The **1971–72 UEFA Cup** was the first edition of the UEFA Cup, which replaced the Inter-Cities Fairs Cup.

It was won by English team Tottenham Hotspur. They beat Wolverhampton Wanderers 3–2 on aggregate after a two-legged final.

The tournament was open to the highest-placed European teams that had not qualified for the European Cup or UEFA Cup Winners' Cup. It started on 14 September 1971 and ended on 17 May 1972.

The top scorer was Ludwig Bründl of Eintracht Braunschweig with ten goals.

## First round
|}
1 Vllaznia withdrew after Austrian immigration officials declined to issue visas for their team to enter the country.
2 This match was played in Reykjavík.
3 Chemie Halle withdrew after the first leg following the Hotel 't Silveren Seepaerd fire.

## Second round
|}
1 After the final whistle in the first leg, Panionios fans invaded the pitch and attacked Ferencváros players, match officials and Hungarian police. Panionios were ejected from the competition.
2 This match was played in 's-Hertogenbosch.

## Third round (round of 16)
|}

## Quarter-finals
|}

## Semi-finals
|}
### Matches
*Wolverhampton Wanderers won 4-3 on aggregate.*
----

*Tottenham Hotspur won 3-2 on aggregate.*

## Final
### Summary
|}
### Matches
*Tottenham Hotspur won 3–2 on aggregate.*

## Related pages
*1971–72 European Cup
*1971–72 European Cup Winners' Cup

## References
## Other websites
*Season Overview – UEFA.com
*1971–72 All matches UEFA Cup – season at UEFA website
*Results at RSSSF.com
*1971/72 UEFA Cup - results and line-ups (archive)
Toby Perkins

**Matthew Toby Perkins** (born 12 August 1970) is a British Labour politician who has served as Member of Parliament (MP) for Chesterfield since 2010. He has also been Shadow Minister for Apprentices and Lifelong Learning since April 2020.

## References
Amanda Burton

**Irene Amanda Burton** (born 10 October 1956) is a Northern Irish actress. She is best known for portraying the roles of Heather Black in the Channel 4 soap opera *Brookside* (1982–1986), Beth Glover in the ITV drama series *Peak Practice* (1993–1995), Sam Ryan in the BBC crime drama series *Silent Witness* (1996–2004, 2021–2022), Clare Blake in the ITV crime drama series *The Commander* (2003–2008), and  Karen Fisher in the BBC school-based drama series *Waterloo Road* (2010–2011).

## Early life and education
Burton was born in Derry, Northern Ireland, the youngest of four sisters. Her father was a primary school headmaster at Ballougry Primary School, which she attended as a child. After later attending Londonderry High School she moved to England at the age of 18, where she spent three years studying drama at the Manchester Metropolitan School of Theatre.

## References
## Other websites
*
Gotthilf Fischer

**Gotthilf Fischer** (11 February 1928 – 11 December 2020) was a German choir and orchestra director. He was known for founding *Fischer-Chöre*, a choir in Germany. Fischer was born in Plochingen, Weimar Republic.  He won first prize in the Swabian-Alemannic Fastnacht, which let to the foundation of the *Fischer-Chöre*.

Fischer died on 11 December 2020 in Weinstadt, Germany at the age of 92.

## References
Élisabeth of Bourbon

**Élisabeth de Bourbon** (August 1614 – 19 May 1664) was a granddaughter of King Henry IV of France.

## Biography
Élisabeth was born in Paris. Her father was César de Bourbon, Duke of Vendôme, legitimised son of King Henry IV of France and his official mistress Gabrielle d'Estrées. Her mother was Princess Françoise of Lorraine (1592–1669), daughter and heiress of Philippe Emmanuel, Duke of Mercœur, himself a rival of Henry IV. Her mother was the Duchess of Mercœur and Penthièvre in her own right and was the greatest heiress of her time.

Styled as *Mademoiselle de Vendôme* prior to marriage, she was the second of three children; she had two brothers, the Frondeur François de Bourbon, Duke of Beaufort and Louis de Bourbon, Duke of Vendôme whose wife Laura Mancini was a niece of Cardinal Mazarin. They were the parents of Louis Joseph de Bourbon, a very successful military commander and a Marshal of France.

On 11 July 1643 at the Louvre, *Mademoiselle de Vendôme* married Charles Amadeus of Savoy, Duke of Nemours. The young prince was a member of a cadet branch of the house of Savoy which had settled in France. The young prince was a direct descendant of Philip II, Duke of Savoy as was Élisabeth. They had two daughters who would marry the heirs to the thrones of Savoy and Portugal, and three sons who died shortly after birth.

In 1652 the Duke of Nemours was killed by her brother François, Duke of Beaufort in a duel. Élisabeth herself died in Paris. She managed to secure the income of the lands of Nemours for her two daughters, but the titles were inherited by other members of the family.

## Issue
#Marie Jeanne of Savoy, Mademoiselle de Nemours (1644–1724) married Charles Emmanuel II, Duke of Savoy in 1665.
#Stillborn daughter
#Marie Françoise of Savoy, Mademoiselle d'Aumale (1646–1683) married Afonso VI of Portugal in 1666 and afterwards Afonso's brother Pedro II of Portugal.
#Prince Joseph of Savoy (1649–1649)
#Prince Francis of Savoy (1650–1650)
#Prince Charles Amadeus of Savoy (1651–1651)

## Ancestry
## Other websites
2020 United States House of Representatives elections

An election was held on November 3, 2020 to elect all 435 members of the United States House of Representatives. Six non-voting delegates were also elected from Washington, D.C. and U.S. territories. The Democratic Party had control of the house before the election. The results of the election were the Democrats still controlled the House of Representatives but their majority became very small.

## Notes
## References
Amanda Solloway

**Amanda Jane Solloway** (*née* **Edghill**; born 6 June 1961) is a British Conservative Party politician. She was a Member of Parliament (MP) for Derby North from 2019 to 2024. She also was Science Minister from 2019 to 2024.

## Notes
## References
Garo Hills frog

The **Garo Hills frog**, '''Boulenger's Garo Hill frog**, **swift cascade frog**, **mawphlang frog** or **Daniel's frog'* (*"Hylarana" garoensis'') is a small frog from India. Scientists think it may also live in Nepal.

This frog is 32&nbsp;mm long from nose to rear end.  It is gray-brown on the black and almost white on its belly.  It has a long head and pointed nose.  Its front legs are longer than the front legs of most frogs this size.  It has webbing on its hind feet but not its front feet.  It has discs for climbing on its front feet.

## References
Mark Benton

**Mark Benton** (born 16 November 1965) is an English actor and television presenter. He is best known for portraying the roles of Martin Pond in *Barbara* (1999–2003), Eddie in *Early Doors* (2003–2004), Howard in *Northern Lights* (2006), and Daniel "Chalky" Chalk in the BBC school-based drama series *Waterloo Road* (2011–2014). In 2013, Benton took part in *Strictly Come Dancing* and in 2015, he hosted daytime game show *The Edge*. 

Since 2018, he has portrayed the leading role of Frank Hathaway in BBC's *Shakespeare & Hathaway: Private Investigators*.

## Other websites
*
Derby North (UK Parliament constituency)

**Derby North** () is a constituency of the Parliament of the United Kingdom made up of a part of Derby. It has been represented in the House of Commons by Labour politician Catherine Atkinson since 2024. It was first created in 1950. It has been called a marginal seat since 2001.

## Boundaries 
**1950–1955**: The County Borough of Derby wards of Abbey, Babington, Becket, Bridge, Derwent, Friar Gate, King's Mead, and Rowditch.

**1955–1974**: The County Borough of Derby wards of Abbey, Babington, Becket, Bridge, Derwent, Friar Gate, King's Mead, and Rowditch, and the parish of Chaddesden in the Rural District of Shardlow.

**1974–1983**: The County Borough of Derby wards of Abbey, Allestree, Breadsall, Chaddesden, Darley, Derwent, Friar Gate, Mickleover, and Spondon.

**1983–2010**: The City of Derby wards of Abbey, Allestree, Breadsall, Chaddesden, Darley, Derwent, Mackworth, and Spondon.

**2010–present**: The City of Derby wards of Abbey, Chaddesden, Darley, Derwent, Littleover, Mackworth, and Mickleover.

## Members of Parliament 
## Elections 
### Elections in the 2010s
*Boundary changes occurred in 2010, so percentage changes are based on notional results*

### Elections in the 2000s
### Elections in the 1990s
### Elections in the 1980s
### Elections in the 1970s
### Elections in the 1960s
### Elections in the 1950s
## References
Shabana Bakhsh

**Shabana Akhtar Bakhsh** (born 9 November 1981) is a Scottish actress of Pakistani descent. She is best known for portraying the roles of Tasha Verma in the BBC medical drama *Doctors* (2004–2005), and Jasmine Koreshi in the BBC school-based drama series *Waterloo Road* (2007–2009).

## Other websites
*
Dietrich Weise

**Dietrich Weise** (21 November 1934 – 20 December 2020) was a German footballer and football manager. He was born in Gröben, Province of Saxony. He coached 1. FC Kaiserslautern, Eintracht Frankfurt, Fortuna Düsseldorf, Germany (youth), Al-Ahly, Egypt and Liechtenstein.

His playing career lasted from 1950 to 1964. His managing career lasted from 1969 to 1996.

Weise died on 20 December 2020 in Heilbronn, Germany at the age of 86.

## References
Bob Irwin

**Robert Irwin** (born 8 June 1939) is an Australian naturalist, animal conservationist, zookeeper and herpetologist. He is also famous for his conservation and husbandry work with apex predators and reptiles. In 1970, Irwin founded the Queensland Reptile and Fauna Park (now known as Australia Zoo). He is the father of the late conservationist and television personality Steve Irwin.

Irwin was born in Melbourne, Victoria. He was married to Lyn Hakainsson until her death in a car accident in 2000. The couple had three children; daughters Joy and Mandy, and son Stephen Robert. Steve died of a stingray injury in 2006.

## References