open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Alfredo Pieroni

**Alfredo Pieroni** (14 may 1923 – 28 September 2011) was an Italian writer and journalist. He was chief-director of the newspaper *Il Resto del Carlino* in Bologna from 1975 to 1977.

When he was correspondent working in USA, he had a relationship with Oriana Fallaci.

Pieroni died in 2011 and is buried in Monumental Cemetary of Trento.

## Books published 
* Alfredo Pieroni, Dizionario degli italiani che contano, Milano, Sperling & Kupfer, 1986.
* Alfredo Pieroni, E se USA e URSS si alleassero?, Milano, Sperling & Kupfer, Collana "SAGGI", 1988.
* Alfredo Pieroni, I russi. L'anima e la storia di un popolo, Milano, Mondadori, 1992.
* Alfredo Pieroni, Perché le sinistre non vinceranno mai più a meno che, Milano, Longanesi & Co, 1996.
* Alfredo Pieroni, Il figlio segreto del Duce. La storia di Benito Albino Mussolini e di sua madre, Ida Dalser, Milano, Garzanti. ISBN 9788811600503, 2006

## References
The Wild Ones

**The Wild Ones** (), also known as (), is a Burmese rock band. The band was formed in 1973 in Mandalay, Myanmar. The Wild Ones are famous for mixing Western rock music with traditional Burmese music. They were very popular in the 1970s and 1980s and helped change the rock music scene in Myanmar.

## History 
The Wild Ones were formed in 1973 in Mandalay. The band was led by singer and songwriter Sai Htee Saing. During a time when Myanmar's music was mostly traditional, The Wild Ones brought in new sounds by adding Western rock and country music styles. They became popular with younger people and helped start modern Burmese popular music. Over the years, they released many albums and became known as one of the first Burmese rock bands.

## Musical Career 
The Wild Ones were known for their lively performances and music that mixed electric guitars and drums with Burmese melodies. In the 1970s and 1980s, their songs became very popular and helped make rock music well-known in Myanmar. One of their most famous songs, *Nya-mway-pann*, is still loved by many people and often covered by other bands.

## Discography 
The band released many albums and singles during their active years. Some of their most important albums are:
* ပျောက်ဆုံးနေသောနိဗ္ဗာန်ဘုံ (1975)
* နမ်းခမ်းနွဲ့အတွက် သီချင်းတပုဒ် (1976)
* ကျေနပ်ပါတော့ (1977)
* နွေနံနက်ခင်း (1980)
* သဘာဝရဲ့ရင်သွေးငယ် (1981)
* ရေဒီယိုကမာရွတ် (1985)
* ဘဝမီးအိမ် (1987)
* အချစ်ဆုတောင်း (1990)

They also had many singles, including *Nya-mway-pann*, which became very popular.

## Legacy 
The Wild Ones are considered one of the first rock bands in Myanmar. They combined Western rock with traditional Burmese music, which influenced later Burmese musicians. Their style and the work of their leader, Sai Htee Saing, continue to be important in Myanmar’s music history.

## References
Equivalent (chemistry)

In chemistry, an **equivalent** is a measure of how much of a substance is needed to react with or produce one mole of another substance.

The **equivalent mass** of a compound is the mass of one equivalent. Unlike molar mass, which is a property of a compound, equivalent mass of a compound depends on the reaction being used as a reference.

## Example 
The Arrhenius acid-base theory treats acids and bases as equivalents of the hydrogen and hydroxide ions. The table shows the acid-base reactions of two different bases and three different acids:

One  and one  make one , so we say that hydrochloric acid is *one equivalent of acid* and sodium hydroxide is *one equivalent of base*. When  reacts with , twice as much acid is used to produce twice as much water:  is *two equivalents of base*. One unit of phosphoric acid makes three units of water,  has *three equivalents of acid*.

## References
Armed Forces of the Argentine Republic

The **Argentine Armed Forces** constitute the military instrument for the national defense of Argentina. The Armed Forces are exclusively the Army, the Navy and the Air Force. In addition to national defense, they participate in supporting the community in emergency situations, deploying troops in peacekeeping operations under UN mandate, and providing logistical and transportation support to the Argentine presence in Antarctica.

The President of Argentina is the commander-in-chief of the Armed Forces and is responsible for the leadership of the military instrument, in accordance with the powers conferred by Article 99 of the Argentine Constitution.

## References
Sticky (Tyler, the Creator song)

"**Sticky**" is a song by Tyler, the Creator from his album *Chromakopia*. It features GloRilla, Sexyy Red, and Lil Wayne, and was released on October 28, 2024, by Columbia Records. The song samples "Get Up Offa That Thing" by James Brown and "Get Buck" by Young Buck.

## Critical reception 
The song "Sticky" received positive reviews from music critics. Alexander Cole from *HotNewHipHop* praised its interesting features, noting that Tyler's decision to keep the feature list a secret adds an element of surprise for fans. Steven Loftin from The Line of Best Fit highlighted the song's confident vibe, especially after a weaker track on the album. Jonah Krueger from Consequence described it as fun and focused on carefree themes. Niall Smith from Clash called it a standout Southern rap moment in the album's midsection. Jeff Ihaza from Rolling Stone referred to it as an iconic collaboration piece. However, Paul Attard from Slant Magazine felt that Tyler's attempts to create a banger sometimes overwhelmed the excitement with too many elements. Heven Haile from Pitchfork noted that the collaboration with black women rappers brings a lighter aspect to Tyler's music. Lastly, Sam Moore from HipHopDX commented that Tyler sounds happiest while performing with his featured artists, focusing on playful themes of materialism and fun. Jake Hawkes from Dork described the song as a lively and chaotic collaboration reminiscent of Tyler’s earlier work with Odd Future.

## Charts
Spectator ion

A **spectator ion** is an ion that is present in a solution where a chemical reaction happens, but is not part of the reaction itself. They do not change their formula or precipitate out of the solution.

## Example 
Potassium iodide and silver nitrate both dissolve in water. One solution contains the ions  and , and the other contains  and . Mixing the solutions causes a precipitate to form, with the total ionic equation:
:
The insoluble silver iodide comes out of solution, but the potassium and nitrate ions are still dissolved. In this reaction,  and  are spectators, because they are in the same state they were before the reaction.
Dicarboxylic acid

is a dicarboxylic acid. The black balls are carbon atoms. The red balls are oxygen atoms. The white balls are hydrogen atoms. The left and right sides of the drawing are COOH groups. Each of them is connected to the carbon atom in the middle.]]

A **dicarboxylic acid** is an organic chemical compound that has two  functional groups. They are also known as **diacids**. 

The simplest dicarboxylic acid is oxalic acid , where the acid groups are directly connected. Malonic acid, , is shown in the picture. In general, diacids have the structure , where R can be any organic structure.

Dicarboxylic acids are important ingredients in making some plastics, like nylon (made from adipic acid) and polyethylene terephthalate (made from terephthalic acid). Derivatives of dicarboxylic acids, especially their acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides, are also used in plastics.

## References
Brønsted–Lowry acid–base theory

The **Brønsted–Lowry acid–base theory** (also called **proton theory of acids and bases**) is one of the two main definitions of acids and bases in modern chemistry, alongside the Lewis acid-base theory. Johannes Nicolaus Brønsted and Thomas Martin Lowry developed the theory in 1923.

A chemical is a **Brønsted–Lowry acid** if it can give a hydrogen ion to another chemical, and a chemical is a **Brønsted–Lowry base** if it can take a hydrogen ion from another chemical. When an acid loses a hydrogen, it becomes its **conjugate base**, and when a base gains a hydrogen ion, it becomes its **conjugate acid**.

According to these definitions, an acid-base reaction always takes the form
:
where AH is a Brønsted-Lowry acid, B is a Brønsted-Lowry base,  is the acid's conjugate base, and  is the base's conjugate acid.

## Comparison to Arrhenius theory 
The Brønsted-Lowry theory (adds to or) expands the Arrhenius theory to understand amphoteric compounds, compounds like ammonia that act like a base without containing hydroxide, and solvents other than water.

In the Arrhenius theory, sodium hydroxide is a base, and hydrochloric acid is an acid, which has the Arrhenius neutralization reaction
:
that produces a salt (sodium chloride) and water.

In the Brønsted-Lowry theory, sodium hydroxide is no longer considered a base, but rather an equivalent of the actual base, the hydroxide ion . When sodium hydroxide dissolves, it splits into  and . The sodium is considered a spectator ion that does not participate in the actual reaction. The acid-base reaction is
:
Here, the chloride ion is the conjugate base of , while water is the conjugate acid of . The dissolved ions making sodium chloride is not part of the acid-base reaction.

## References
Thionyl chloride

. The figure is a structural formula.]]

**Thionyl chloride** is a chemical compound with the formula . It is related to sulfurous acid by replacing the  groups in its structure with chlorine (an acyl chloride). It is mostly used in the chemical industry and research to add chlorine atoms to other molecules (chlorination) or to remove water from mixtures or hydrates (dehydration).

## Uses 
### Removing water 
Thionyl chloride is a reactive desiccant: it reacts strongly with water and will remove it from a solution or the air. Thionyl chloride reacts with water to make sulfur dioxide and hydrogen chloride:
:
Because both of the products are gases, it is easy to purify anything left after the reaction. This makes  useful for removing water from hydrated chlorine compounds like magnesium chloride and iron(III) chloride.

### Adding chlorine 
Thionyl chloride is very reactive with chemicals containing an  functional group. This includes not only water and hydroxides, but also organic chemicals like alcohols and carboxylic acids. These reactions almost always involve replacing the  with a chlorine atom, and the release of  and .

With an alcohol like ethanol, it normally makes the matching organic chloride:
:
If a lot of alcohol is used, and the reaction temperature is controlled, it can make sulfite esters instead:
:

With a carboxylic acid like acetic acid, it makes the matching acyl chloride:
:

### Other reactions 
Thionyl chloride also reacts with primary amides to make nitriles.
:
It can also react with secondary amides in a name reaction called the von Braun amide degradation. This produces a nitrile and organic chloride:
:

## References
List of 19 Kids and Counting episodes

This is a list of episodes of the television series *19 Kids and Counting*. The program is a reality/documentary series about the Duggar Family, It was shown on TLC.

## Series overview 

## Episodes 
### Season 1 (2008)
 One-hour episode

### Season 2 (2009)
Starting with episode nine, the series name was changed to *18 Kids and Counting*.

 One-hour episode

### Season 3 (2009)
### Season 4 (2010)
Starting with this season, the show's title was changed to *19 Kids and Counting*.

 One-hour episode

### Season 5 (2011)
 One-hour episode

### Season 6 (2012)
 One-hour episode

### Season 7 (2013)
 One-hour episode

### Season 8 (2014) 
 One-hour episode

### Season 9 (2014)
 One-hour episode

### Season 10 (2015)
 One-hour episode

## Specials and miniseries 
### Pre-series 
### Series specials 
### *Duggars World Tour* 
### Bates spin-off 
### *Duggars Do Asia* 
### Josh and Anna 
### Amy Duggar 
### *Jill & Jessa Counting On* 
## References
Spider-Man: Beyond the Spider-Verse

***Spider-Man: Beyond the Spider-Verse*** is an upcoming animated superhero movie about the Marvel Comics character Miles Morales, also known as Spider-Man. It is made by Columbia Pictures and Sony Pictures Animation and will be released by Sony Pictures Releasing. This movie will be the sequel to *Spider-Man: Across the Spider-Verse* (2023) and the final part of the *Spider-Verse* trilogy, which takes place in a multiverse of different Spider-Man universes. The movie is directed by Bob Persichetti and Justin K. Thompson, with a script written by Phil Lord, Christopher Miller, and David Callaham. Shameik Moore voices Miles Morales, with Jason Schwartzman and Karan Soni also starring. The story picks up right after the cliffhanger from *Across the Spider-Verse*, where Miles is stuck in an alternate universe.

Sony started working on this movie before *Into the Spider-Verse* came out in 2018. They later decided to split the sequel into two movies, announcing this in 2021. The title and original release date of March 2024 were revealed in 2022. However, the movie was delayed due to production changes and the 2023 SAG-AFTRA strike. Work on the movie continued in December 2023 after the strike ended.

## References 
## Other websites 
* 
*
List of Shakira concerts

concert in 2008.]]
This is a list of concert tours performed by Colombian singer Shakira.

## Concert tours
### Songs played on each tour 
## One-off concerts 
## Benefit concerts 
## Music festivals 
## Shakira live album charts 
### Live albums
## References
The IT Crowd

***The IT Crowd*** was a British comedy television programme that aired between 2006 and 2013. It featured Richard Ayoade as Maurice Moss, Chris O'Dowd as Roy Trenneman and Katherine Parkinson as Jen Barber.
Tiszaladány

**Tiszaladány** is a village in Tokaj District of Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén County. Its population in 2024 was 575.

## Location 
Tiszaladány is located in the northeastern part of Hungary, in Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén County, in the Taktaköz region of the Great Plain, only 6 kilometers from Tokaj. Its borders connect three geographical regions; the northern part is low-lying, while the southern part, especially along the Tisza River, is hilly. Its current landscape was formed during the Pleistocene–Holocene period, with water and wind playing a major role in shaping it.

The directly bordering settlements are: Tokaj to the north, Tiszaeszlár to the east, Tiszalök to the south (the latter two are located on the other bank of the Tisza), Tiszatardos to the southwest, Csobaj to the west, and Tarcal to the northwest.

## History 
The name Tiszaladány was first mentioned in a document from 1446 in the Kállay family archives. The settlement was once part of the Rákóczi estate, then later belonged to the Treasury. In the early 20th century, it was recorded as part of Baroness Róza Győrffy's estate.

At the beginning of the 1900s, it had 1,142 residents, all of whom were Reformed. At that time, there were 120 houses.

## Population 
In 2022, 93.2% of the population identified as Hungarian, 16.2% as Roma, 0.7% as German, 0.2% as Rusyn, 0.2% as Polish, and 1.6% as belonging to other non-domestic nationalities (6.3% did not declare; due to dual identities, the total may exceed 100%). In terms of religion, 6.5% were Roman Catholic, 51.8% Reformed, 1.9% Greek Catholic, 0.2% other Christian, 0.3% Lutheran, and 13.1% non-denominational (25.1% did not respond).

## Notes 
## Other websites 
* Tiszaladány Municipality website
Finnmarksløpet 2025

s (with a person), in another country]]
**Finnmarksløpet 2025** are three dog sled races in Norway's northernmost county. The races started in Alta, Finnmark in March 2025. 

## *FL1200*
*FL1200* is Europe's longest sled dog race; It started on March 14, 2025. Teams started with 14 sled dogs. The length of the race is c. 1100 km; The race was made shorter, than the race in 2024. There is an expectation, that the leader will finish the race on the evening of March 20. Jergul (settlement) was passed at 8 AM.
*Varangerbotn (map) in Nesseby municipality, is the seventh checkpoint. The first to move on from there, was Harald Tunheim (9 PM, March 18)..
*Earlier, the  first team passed thru Jotka (map).
*Earlier, the  first team traveled near Iešjávri ('Lake Ieš').

Length of different legs of the trip,

*72 km from Neiden to Kirkenes
*The track is 125 km long, from Jergul to Alta;

## Related pages
*Finnmarksløpet 2024
*Iditarod

## Other websites
Tracking, or map that shows where the teams are. NRK.no

## Sources
Szegilong

**Szegilong** is a village in Tokaj District of Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén County. Its population in 2024 was 208.

## Location 
It is located near the Bodrog River, on the right bank, within the Tokaj wine region.

The neighboring settlements are: Olaszliszka to the northeast, Szegi to the south, and Erdőbénye to the northwest; in addition, to the west, its border briefly touches the uninhabited outer areas of the otherwise more distant Bodrogkisfalud.

## History 
The settlement was already part of the Tokaj Castle estate in the 15th century. In 1419, the Tornai family owned the village. In 1466, it belonged to the Rozgonyi family, and in 1500, Sztrithei Ozsváth and János Tárczai were partial owners. According to the 1598 census, Gábor Rákóczi and the widow of Miklós Kapy had shares here. In 1637, it belonged to the wife of Bálint Usz, and later to the Schop family. Subsequently, it became the property of the Hungarian Royal Education Fund, which owned it into the early 20th century. In the mid-19th century, Elek Fényes described Szegilong as a plain with little arable land, rich pastures, and a vineyard producing excellent wine.

## Population 
In 2022, 91.9% of the population identified as Hungarian, 3.8% as Roma, 0.5% each as German, Rusyn, and Romanian, and 0.9% as belonging to other non-domestic nationalities (8.1% did not declare; due to dual identities, the total may exceed 100%). In terms of religion, 45% were Roman Catholic, 15.2% Reformed, 9.5% Greek Catholic, 0.5% Lutheran, and 5.7% non-denominational (23.2% did not respond).

## Notes
List of awards and nominations received by Belinda

This is a list of awards and nominations received by Spanish-Mexican singer-songwriter, actress, record producer and dancer Belinda Peregrín.

## BMI Latin Music Awards 
## Billboard Latin Music Awards
## Eres Awards 
## Eres Niños Awards
## Latin Grammy Awards 
## Latin Music and Sports Awards 
## La Gente Awards
## Los Premios MTV Latinoamérica
## Lo Nuestro Awards 
## Mi TRL Awards 
## Monitor Latino Awards 
## Nickelodeon - Kids Choice Awards México
## Orgullosamente Latino Awards 
## Oye Awards 
## Palmas de Oro (Mexico) 
## Pantalla de Cristal Awards 
## People en Español Awards
## Premios Juventud 
## Quiero Awards
## Shock Awards
## Telehit Awards 
## Top Glamour Awards
## Tu Musica Awards (Puerto Rico) 
## TVyNovelas Awards 
## Terra Awards
## Texas Awards
## 40 Principales Awards 
## References
Arrest warrant

, the wife of Abraham Lincoln.]]
An **arrest warrant** is a warrant issued by a judge or magistrate on behalf of the state which authorizes the arrest and detention of an individual or the search and seizure of an individual's property. Arrest warrants are issued for different reasons. These include:

* To keep a person from committing a crime, in the near future
* Someone is suspected of having committed a crime, and that person is likely to flee, or to destroy evidence in connection with that crime
* People are ordered to attend a hospital or mental health institution, or to do a therapy
* Someone didn't attend a court of law, where he or she was summoned to appear, without reasonable excuse.
* Someone was condemned to a prison term, but did not appear at the prison, as ordered
Amanda Waller (DC Extended Universe)

portrays Amanda Waller in the DC Extended Universe (DCEU) and in the DC Universe (DCU) media franchises.]]
**Amanda Belle Waller** (née **Blake**) is a fictional character in the DC Extended Universe (DCEU), portrayed by actress Viola Davis. Based on the DC Comics character of the same name, she is a powerful and ruthless government official, often depicted as the director of A.R.G.U.S. and the mastermind behind the formation of Task Force X, also known as the Suicide Squad. Waller is known for her intelligence, manipulative tactics, and willingness to use extreme measures to achieve her goals, including leveraging the powers of supervillains.

In the DCEU, Waller first appears in *Suicide Squad* (2016), where she assembles the Squad to carry out dangerous missions in exchange for reduced sentences. Her character is complex, often operating in morally gray areas, and she believes that the ends justify the means, even if that involves significant collateral damage.

Waller also appears in *Birds of Prey* (2020) and plays a notable role in *The Suicide Squad* (2021), further exploring her character's motivations and ethical boundaries. She also makes an cameo appearance in *Black Adam* (2022) with an uncredited cameo, as well as the first season of the television series *Peacemaker* (2022–present). The character is integrated into the rebooted continuity of the DC Universe (DCU) media franchise, returning in both the animated series *Creature Commandos* (2024–present), and being set to feature in the live-action series *Waller* as the main protagonist. Throughout these films, Waller is depicted as a formidable antagonist who is not to be underestimated, reflecting her role as a significant figure in the DC universe 

Viola Davis's portrayal of Amanda Waller has been widely praised for bringing depth and strength to the character, and she has become a fan favorite in the DCEU. 

## Appearances 
### Movie appearances 
### Television appearances
Shakira videography

press conference]]

This is a list of performances by Colombian singer-songwriter Shakira in the media.

## Music videos 
 directed the music video for one of Shakira's most successful singles, "La Tortura".]]
 directed the music video for "Hips Don't Lie", which features Haitian rapper Wyclef Jean (pictured).]]
 directed the video for "Beautiful Liar", which features American singer-songwriter Beyoncé.]]
 portrays Shakira's love interest in the music video for "Gypsy", directed by Jaume de Laiguana.]]
 directed both the English and Spanish videos for "Can't Remember to Forget You", the English of which features Barbadian vocalist Rihanna.]]
 was credited for directing the video for the song "Try Everything", due to its use of animated footage from the 2016 film *Zootopia*.]]

### Unreleased music videos
## Video albums
## Filmography
### Television
### Films
## Related pages
* Shakira discography
* List of songs recorded by Shakira
* List of awards and nominations received by Shakira
* List of Shakira concert tours

## References
How Blue

"**How Blue**" is a 1984 song by country singer Reba McEnitre and is the leading single to her eighth studio album *My Kind of Country*. It went to number 1 on the Billboard Hot Country Songs chart and number 6 on the Canadian Country Tracks chart.

## References
Han River Police

***Han River Police*** () is a 2023 South Korean action comedy television series written and directed by Kim Sang-cheol, starring Kwon Sang-woo, Kim Hee-won, Lee Sang-yi, Bae Da-bin and Shin Hyun-seung. It aired on Disney+ from September 13 to September 27, 2023.

## Cast 
*Source:*

## Production 
### Development 
The series was announced on Disney+ consisting of six episodes. The press conference was held at the JW Marriott Dongdaemun in Jongno-gu, Seoul on September 12, 2023.

### Casting 
Kwon Sang-woo, Kim Hee-won, Lee Sang-yi and Bae Da-bin along with Shin Hyun-seung were reportedly cast to appear. 

### Filming 
Principal photography began on August 15, 2022 and filming was wrapped up on January 5, 2023.

## Release 
The series was made available to stream on Disney+ on September 13 2023.

## Reception 
Carmen Chin of *NME* awarded the series two stars out of five. Melissa Foong of *Lifestyle Asia* and Stephen McCarty of *South China Morning Post* reviewed the series.

## References 
## Other websites 
* 
*
Schism (song)

*For a religious schism, see Schism (religion)*

"**Schism**" is a song by the American rock band Tool. Schism was the fifth song on their 2001 album *Lateralus.* Tool released Schism as the first single from *Lateralus* on January 15, 2001. In 2002, the song won a Grammy Award for Best Metal Performance. The song is famous for having many different time signatures. A lot of these time signatures are unusual in music, such as 5/8, 7/8, and 9/8.

Schism reached 67 on the Billboard *Hot 100*. It stayed on the *Hot 100* for 20 weeks.

Schism has a music video. It is a stop-motion video animated using clay. It shows two people trying to join together and become one person.

In 2005, Tool released Schism on DVD. The DVD version has the music video, a music video commentary, and a remix of the song by Lustmord.

## Background 
According to the singer of Schism, Maynard James Keenan, the song is about fixing a bad relationship. "Schism" is also a word that has been used mean differences in religious beliefs, and Tool has been known to write songs about religion before. 

## Credits 
* Danny Carey - drums
* Justin Chancellor - bass
* Adam Jones - guitar and art
* Maynard James Keenan - vocals
* David Bottrill - production

## Track listing 
### Promotional Single 
### DVD release 
## References
R. W. Alley

**Robert Whitlock Alley** (born December 30, 1955) is an American writer and illustrator. He is best known for illustrating Paddington Bear.

He grew up in Annapolis, Maryland.

## References
Glottocode

**Glottocode** is a special code that identifies languages and groups of languages in a big database called Glottolog. Glottolog is a collection of information about all the languages in the world. It was made by people who study languages at the Max Planck Institute in Germany. The Glottocode system started in 2011 to help people keep track of languages.

Unlike other codes, like ISO 639-3, which are only for single languages, Glottocodes can be used for languages, dialects, and groups of languages. This makes them helpful for people who want to learn about languages.

## What is a "Languoid"? 
In Glottolog, a **languoid** is anything related to languages that people talk about. It can be:
* A single language (like English).
* A dialect (like how people speak English differently in different places).
* A group of languages (like all the languages in one family).

For example, **English** is a languoid with Glottocode "stan1293". The **Austronesian** language family, which has many languages from places like Southeast Asia and the Pacific, is also a languoid, with Glottocode "aust1307". The word "languoid" helps Glottolog include all these things, even if they are not connected by history.

## How Glottocodes are Made 
A Glottocode has **eight characters**. It starts with four characters that can be small letters (a to z) or numbers (0 to 9), followed by four numbers (0 to 9). Examples are "abcd1234" and "b10b1234". 

## How Glottocodes are Used 
The Glottolog database uses Glottocodes to keep track of many languages and groups. As of March 15, 2025, it lists **8,605 languages** at  and **4,977 language families** at , including some single languages that don’t belong to any family.

People who study languages use Glottocodes to find facts easily. The codes help them know exactly which language or group they mean.

Glottocodes are special because they cover more than other codes—like dialects and families—and they never change. Glottolog is **free to use**, and people all over the world help keep it up to date.

Glottocodes work with the three-letter ISO 639-3 codes, which are just for languages, but Glottocodes cover more things like dialects and families.

## Mapping Glottocodes to ISO 639-3 
Sometimes, people want to connect Glottocodes to ISO 639-3 codes. For example, the Glottocode "stan1293" matches the ISO 639-3 code "eng" for English. This is called "mapping". 

Mapping helps because ISO 639-3 codes are well-known, but they don’t include dialects or families like Glottocodes do. Glottolog keeps a list to show which Glottocodes go with which ISO codes when they match.

## Related pages 
* Glottolog
* ISO 639-3
* Linguistics
* Language family

## References 
## Other websites 
* 
*
Cigánd District

The **Cigánd District** (Hungarian: *Cigándi* *járás*) is a district in the northeastern part of Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén County. *Cigánd* is also the name of the town where the district seat is found. Its population in 2022 was 14,767.

## Municipalities 
The district has **1** town, **1** large village and **13** villages. 

* Bodroghalom 
* **Cigánd**  – district seat
* Dámóc 
* Karcsa 
* Karos 
* Kisrozvágy 
* Lácacséke 
* Nagyrozvágy 
* Pácin 
* Révleányvár 
* *Ricse* 
* Semjén
* Tiszacsermely 
* Tiszakarád 
* Zemplénagárd 

The **bolded** municipality is city, *italics* municipality is large village.
List of songs recorded by Shakira

This is a list of songs recorded by Shakira.

## Released songs 
## Other songs performed
## Unreleased songs
*"Africa"
*"Bad Weather"
*"Classic"
*"Encariñada"
*"Entre Tus Brazos" ("En Tus Pupilas" alternate version)
*"If Life Is a River"
*"Lo Mío"
*"Mad about You" ("Boig per Tu" English version)
* "Mad Love (with Sean Paul & David Guetta)"(originally titled "Temple")
*"Make You Blue"
*"No Joke"
*"One" 
*"Our Image"
*"Resignación"
*"Shadows of You" ("Sombra de Ti" English version)
*"The Border" (featuring Wyclef Jean)
*"There's a Time"
*"We're Back"
*"Western Surf"
*"When You're Gone" (released by Jon Secada in 2000)
*"You" ("Tú" English version)

## References
;Footnotes

## Other websites
* 
*
Kisrozvágy

**Kisrozvágy** is a village in Cigánd District of Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén County. Its population in 2024 was 185.

## Location 
It is located on the northern edge of the Hungarian part of the Bodrogköz, right next to the Slovakian border, about 90 kilometres northeast of the county seat, Miskolc, by road.

The neighbouring settlements on the Hungarian side of the border are Semjén to the east, Ricse to the south-east and Nagyrozvágy to the west. The two nearest settlements on the other side of the border, to the north, are Veľký Horeš and Malý Horeš.

## History 
In the early 13th century, the village was called *Rozvad* and was part of the Zemplén Castle estate. It was destroyed during the Mongol invasion. In 1331, Péter Rozvádi, a provost of Eger, owned part of the land here and donated his share to the Eger Chapter. In 1417, it belonged to Mátyás Pazdichy; in 1422, to Mihály Lasztóczi and Antal Rozvágyi; and in 1488, to Balázs Damoska. During the 16th and 17th centuries, it had several owners, including the Serédy, Bejczy, Sztropkói, Herczegh, Sennyey, Perényi, and Kállay families. In the 18th century, it was also owned by multiple families, such as the Perényi, Klobusitzky, Orosz, Pilisy, Sztankay, Revizky, Szirmay, Eötvös, Budaházy, and Ramocsaházy families. In the early 20th century, it belonged to Béla Miklós, who had a large, old manor house here.

## Politics 
### Mayors 
* 1990–1994: János Muha (independent) 
* 1994–1998: József Simon (Hungarian Workers' Party) 
* 1998–2002: Sándorné Deák (independent) 
* 2002–2006: Tamás Petraskó (independent) 
* 2006–2010: Tamás Tibor Petraskó (independent) 
* 2010–2012: Tamás Tibor Petraskó (independent) 
* 2013–2014: Andrásné Verbinyecz (independent) 
* 2014–2019: Laura Julianna Roják (independent) 
* 2019–2024: Laura Julianna Roják (independent) 
* 2024– : Roják Laura Julianna (independent) 

## Population 
In 2022, 92.7% of the population identified as Hungarian, 5.4% as Roma, 1% as Ukrainian, and 0.5% as belonging to other non-domestic nationalities (7.3% did not declare; due to dual identities, the total may exceed 100%). In terms of religion, 16.6% were Roman Catholic, 33.7% Reformed, 13.7% Greek Catholic, and 9.3% non-denominational (26.3% did not respond).

## Notes
Peacemaker (DC Extended Universe)

portrays Peacemaker in the DC Extended Universe (DCEU) as a "douchebag Captain America."]]
**Christopher "Chris" Smith**, also known as the **Peacemaker** is a character from the DC Extended Universe (DCEU) who was created by writer Joe Gill and artist Pat Boyette. Based on the character of the same name, he first appeared in comic books published by Charlton Comics in the 1960s and later became part of the DC Comics universe after DC acquired the Charlton characters.

In the DCEU, Peacemaker is portrayed by actor John Cena. He made his first appearance in the film *The Suicide Squad* (2021), directed by James Gunn. In this movie, Peacemaker is depicted as a violent anti-hero who believes in achieving peace at any cost, often using extreme and brutal methods. His character is characterized by an outspoken, often comical demeanor and a deep conviction that violence is justified in the pursuit of peace.

Following his introduction in *The Suicide Squad*, Peacemaker starred in his own spin-off television series, *Peacemaker*, which premiered on HBO Max in January 2022. The show, created by James Gunn, explores Peacemaker's backstory, his personal struggles, and his relationships with other characters, blending action, drama, and humor.

Peacemaker has been well-received by both audiences and critics, with praise directed at John Cena's performance and the show's unique tone and character development. The character exemplifies the complexities of morality and heroism within the superhero genre, often highlighting the absurdities and contradictions in the pursuit of peace through violence.

## Appearances 
### Movie appearances 
### Television appearances
Györgytarló

**Györgytarló** is a village in Sárospatak District of Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén County. Its population in 2024 was 477.

## Location 
It lies on the right bank of the Tisza, 95 kilometres east of Miskolc by road. The surrounding settlements are 8 km away from Kenézlő, 18-18 km from Bodroghalom and Tiszakarád, 19 km from Tiszacsermely, and the nearest town is Sárospatak, also 19 km away.

## History 
Before 1954 the settlement was part of Sárospatak.

## Population 
In 2022, 92.5% of the population identified as Hungarian, 14.3% as Roma, and 0.2% as German (7.3% did not declare; due to dual identities, the total may exceed 100%). In terms of religion, 26.9% were Roman Catholic, 21.8% Reformed, 8.8% Greek Catholic, 1% other Christian, and 12.6% non-denominational (28.3% did not respond).

## Notes 
## Other websites 
* Györgytarló Municipality website
1951–52 Austrian football championship

The **1951-52 Austrian football championship** was organized by the Austrian Football Association. The professionally run Staatsliga B served as the lower tier of the State League A. It only included clubs from Vienna, Lower Austria, Burgenland, Upper Austria and Styria. For clubs from western Austria, the Tauernliga  (Salzburg, Carinthia) and the Arlbergliga (Tyrol, Vorarlberg) were organized on an amateur basis. The regional leagues of the federal states served as the third tier.
## Promoted for the 1952-53 season 
*VfB Union Mödling (Champion Staatsliga B)
*Grazer SC (Runner-up Staatsliga B)
*Salzburger AK 1914 (after Play-Off Staatsliga B,Tauernliga, Arlbergliga: ) 
## Final table
Table mode (in case of equal points): 1st criterion goal quotient

## Matches 
### Round 12 
### Round 13 
### Round 14
### Round 15
### Round 16
### Round 17
### Round 18
### Round 19
### Round 20
### Round 21
### Round 22
### Round 23
### Round 24
### Round 25
### Round 26
## Champion squad 
## Top scorer
## References
Széphalom

**Széphalom** is a former independent village in Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén County. It is now part of Sátoraljaújhely. Its population in 2024 was 448.

## Location 
It is located about 4 kilometres north of the centre of Sátoraljaújhely, right next to the Hungarian-Slovakian border.

The neighbouring settlements are: to the north Alsóregmec, to the northwest Mikóháza, and to the southwest Rudabányácska, which today also belongs to Sátoraljaújhely. On the other side of the border, the nearest settlement is Malá Tŕňa.

## History 
 of Ferenc Kazinczy]]
The village was first mentioned in 1440 as *Kysbanya*, meaning "small mine." It was founded by miners who were digging for gold and silver in the area at that time. The village became famous mostly because of one of its former residents, Ferenc Kazinczy, a well-known Hungarian poet and writer. He renamed the village, then called *Kisbánya* or *Kisbányácska*, to Széphalom, which means "beautiful hill." In 1886, the village officially took this name. 

In 1794, Kazinczy bought land here, but that same year, he was sent to prison because of his role in the Hungarian Jacobin movement. He could only finish building his home after his release, and in 1806, he moved in with his wife, Sophie Török. 

After the Treaty of Trianon, the village ended up near the edge of the country. The new border, the Ronyva stream, ran close to the village, cutting off the Hegyköz region from the railway that had previously connected it to the rest of the country.

## Notes
Kovilpatti

**Kovilpatti** is a town in the Thoothukudi District of Tamil Nadu in India.

## Industry 
Kovilpatti is home to many industries.  It is known as the home of Handmade Match Boxes.  The town also has:

* Two large textile mills (the Loyal Mills of Madura Coats and the Lakshmi)
* Two medium-sized textile mills
* Ginning factories
* Companies that make garments
* Companies that produce Edible Oil
* Companies that manufacture cattle and poultry feed
* Chemical industries

Kovilpatti is known for its unique candy, "Kadalai Mittai" (“Peanut Candy”). 

Manthithoppu Transgenders' Milk Producers' Cooperative Society (MTMPCS) is the first cooperative society in the country to be run by transgender people. It was set up by former Thoothukudi district collector, Sandeep Nanduri IAS, at Manthithoppu.

## References
KSV Ankerbrot Montelaa

The **Kultur- und Sportverein Ankerbrot Montelaa**  is an Austrian football club based in the Vienna district of Favoriten. The Laaer Berg (In the Viennese dialectː Monte Laa) is a hill in the south of the district. In the 1951/52 season, the club played under the temporary name *Favoritner SK Blau-Weiß* in the Staatsliga A, the highest tier in Austrian  football.
## History 
The club was founded in 1936 by Hans Milanovich and Karl Großhaupt as a company association of the Vienna Ankerbrot factory. After Ankerbrot was promoted to the then second-tier Wiener Landesliga in 1948, the club renamed itself Favoritner SK Blau-Weiß to increase its appeal to the public.

In 1950, Blau-Weiß qualified for the new professional Staatsliga B by finishing third in the Vienna League. The club even achieved promotion to the Staatsliga A with another third-place finish in 1950/51. After Blau-Weiß narrowly missed relegation to the B-League following the 1952/53 A-League season, they returned to their original name, Ankerbrot, in 1955. They played in the Vienna Regional League in the following years. In 1958, Ankerbrot finished first in the Vienna League . They  participated in the relegation play-offs to the B-League. They won this play-off with a 4-1 and 0-2 victory over SK VÖEST Linz. After the B-League was replaced by the Regionalligas as the second tier of play in 1959, Ankerbrot was promoted to the Regionalliga Ost (Eastern Regional League), but was relegated one point behind.

After Ankerbrot's relegation from the Vienna League in 1963, the former first division club began a downward spiral into the second tier. In 1983, Ankerbrot merged with FC Laaerberg (founded in 1922) to form KSV Ankerbrot-Laaerberg. In 1989 they merged with SC St. Anton-Inzersdorf to form KSV Ankerbrot-St. Anton-Laaerberg. Finally, in 1998, the club returned to the fourth-tier Vienna League as KSV Ankerbrot Montelaa. In 2006, the club was relegated to the Oberliga A, only to be promoted back to the Stadtliga in 2007 as champions of the Oberliga A. In the summer of 2006, KSV Ankerbrot Montelaa took over the former Wienerfeldplatz as its new home, which from then on was renamed the ANKER ARENA. In 2010 the club had to return to the Oberliga, and the following year they were even relegated to the 1st Class A. In 2012 they were able to return to the Oberliga as runners-up in the 1st Class A.
## Women football 
In the 1970s, Ankerbrot also ran a successful women's team. In 1975, the team sensationally won the championship title in the women's league, which was then organized by the Vienna Football Association. The champions of this league are generally considered Austrian champions, but are not recognized by the Austrian Football Association (ÖFB). The women's football section was dissolved after this championship-winning season. In the 2015/16 season, the club tried to build a team, which was then dissolved a year later.
Rudolftelep

**Rudolftelep** is a village in Kazincbarcika District of Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén County. Its population in 2024 was 676.

## Location 
It is located in the north-western part of the county, 10 km from Kazincbarcika. It is a hillside settlement, separated from Izsófalva by only one hill, from where the road 26 106, branching off from road 2609, leads to the village.
 Church]]

## History 
The village was once part of Izsófalva. In August 1993, the people of the village voted in a referendum to separate from Izsófalva. Because of administrative reasons, it only became an independent village in December 1994, and officially on January 1, 1995. 

## Population 
In 2022, 88.1% of the population identified as Hungarian, 0.9% as German, 0.7% as Roma, 0.1% as Ukrainian, 0.1% as Bulgarian, and 0.4% as belonging to other non-domestic nationalities (11.9% did not declare; due to dual identities, the total may exceed 100%). In terms of religion, 9.9% were Roman Catholic, 7.1% Reformed, 5.6% Greek Catholic, 0.7% other Christian, 0.3% Lutheran, and 20.9% non-denominational (54.9% did not respond).

## Notes
Julie Johnson (actress)

**Julie Johnson** is an American actress who voiced the character Baby Bop on the PBS television series *Barney & Friends*, as well as its predec.
Holodomor denial

In political use, **Holodomor denial** means the act of saying that the Holodomor did not happen. Jurij Dobczansky, a senior cataloging specialist of the Library of Congress, said:

 by countries:

]]

## Examples
### Soviet Union
The Soviet Union is said to have denied the Holodomor:

In the 1930s, Moscow-based New York Times journalist Walter Duranty wrote articles denying the Holodomor. The articles won him the 1932 Pulitzer Prize, which caused controversies. In 2003, the Pulitzer Prize board reviewed Duranty's articles and refused to withdraw his prize. Oksana Piaseckyj, a Ukrainian-American activist who fled to the United States as a child in 1950, called Walter Duranty as "the personification of evil in journalism." The controversy about Duranty is a scandal in the newspaper's history. News of the Holodomor reached the US in 1933. 

### United States
The Yiddish-language *Jewish Daily Forward* reported the famine,

### Germany
In November 2022, Germany recognized the Holodomor as a genocide. It also banned the approval, denial, and "gross trivialization" of genocides or war crimes.

## Related pages
* Holocaust denial
* Rwandan genocide denial
* Armenian genocide denial
* Cambodian genocide denial

## References
Todd Duffey

**Todd Duffey** (born **Robert Gordon Duffey**; April 9, 1974) is an American actor. He was born in Raleigh, North Carolina and grew up in Texas where he studied and performed in theater.

## Career
Duffey is best known for being Brian, the Chotchkie's waiter in the 1999 comedy *Office Space*.  He also had a regular role in 2001 in *Buffy the Vampire Slayer*.

## References
Rudabányácska

**Rudabányácska** formely **Bányácska** (Slovak: *Baňačka*) is a former independent village in Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén County. It has been part of Sátoraljaújhely since 1981. Its population in 2024 was 252.

## Location 
It lies in a southeastern valley basin of the Prešov–Tokaj Mountains, along road 3718; its average altitude above sea level is 140 meters.

## History 
The village’s name reminds us that from the mid-14th century, gold and silver were mined in its area. The Slavic word "Ruda" also means ore mining. In the early 1700s, Rusyn settlers came here. In 1851, Elek Fényes described it as a Rusyn-Hungarian village. After the mine ran out, people had to farm the land. The biggest landowner was Prince Trautsohn, with 15 serfs. According to the 1844 land register, the serfs’ inner plots covered 36 acres, farmland 485 acres, meadows 104 acres, and pastures 365 acres. The biggest landowner then was József Fodor, with 19 serfs. In the 19th century, farmland grew because of land clearing. Most people (84%) worked in farming, and small or tiny plots were common.

Most people here are Greek Catholic, and until 1959, their church services were in Old Church Slavonic. Their church, built in 1774, has a front tower, supporting pillars, a four-section nave, and a semi-circular sanctuary. The tower was added in 1888. In 1881, 453 people said their native language was Slovak, 21 said Rusyn, and 19 said Hungarian. In 1910, 569 said Slovak and 71 said Hungarian. In 1940, due to political pressure (like population exchanges), 84% of people said they were Hungarian, but they still used Slovak in daily life for many decades and still do.

People here still speak a type of eastern Slovak language that includes Slovak and Rusyn elements. Older people use it every day, and younger people use it when talking to the elderly, keeping their ancestors’ language alive.

In 1981 the village was annexed to the town of Sátoraljaújhely.

## Notes
Čierna nad Tisou

**Čierna nad Tisou** (Hungarian: *Tiszacsernyő*) is a town in the Košice Region in Slovakia. About 3,600 people live there.

 Ghetto]]

## Location 
It lies 11 km south-east of Kráľovský Chlmec. It is a railway border crossing between Slovakia and Ukraine.

## History 
The town only started to grow after 1946, when the new Czechoslovak-Soviet border was formed. At that time, it became Slovakia’s largest railway border crossing. In 1968, Alexander Dubček, the leader of the Czechoslovak Communist Party, met Leonid Brezhnev, the Soviet Communist Party leader, in a train carriage here. This happened just before the Soviet “help” in August, which was the crushing of the Prague Spring. Because of its fast growth, the settlement was given town status in 1969.

## Population 
### Ethnic composition 
### Religion 
## Notes 
## Other websites 
* Čierna nad Tisou's website
* e-obce.sk
Maayavi

"**Maayavi**" is a Tamil-language song from the 2012 Indian superhero movie *Mugamoodi*, directed by Mysskin. The song was composed by K (Krishna Kumar), with lyrics penned by Madhan Karky and vocals performed by Chinmayi Sripaada. The song features Pooja Hegde.

Released as part of the movie's soundtrack album on 1 August 2012, by UTV Music and Saregama, "Maayavi" is a melodious track that reflects the emotional depth of the movie's narrative, particularly from the perspective of a character longing for a superhero figure. The song was also dubbed in Telugu as part of the movie's Telugu release, *Mask*, on under Aditya Music.

## Production 
"Maayavi" was composed by K, marking his second collaboration with director Mysskin after their work on *Yuddham Sei* (2011). Unlike the fast-paced numbers typical of Mysskin's earlier movies, "Maayavi" is one of two melodies in the album, as noted by lyricist Madhan Karky, who wrote the song to evoke a sense of longing and mystique. The recording of "Maayavi" took place as part of the broader soundtrack production in early 2012.

## Music video 
The filming of "Maayavi" occurred in Europe, with the song being shot in scenic locales, including Switzerland, during late July 2012. This schedule was part of a ten-day shoot that also included the song "Vaayamoodi Summa Iru Da". Choreographed by Radhika, the picturization featured lead actors Jiiva and Pooja Hegde.

## Release and Reception 
The track was released on 1 August 2012 as the lead single from the album, through Saregama. K performed the song at the movie's audio launch. The Telugu version of the song titled "Maayavi" was released on 15 August 2012. The song received positive reviews upon its release.

## References