open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Moulding

. It was used to make spear blades. The molten metal is poured into the hollow part, and when it hardens it is set in the shape of a blade.]]
**Moulding** (or **molding**) is the shaping of raw material using a solid frame of a particular shape, called a pattern. It is a process used in manufacturing. A **mould** is a hollow container that will hold the liquid material until it turns solid. The liquid hardens or sets inside the mould, adopting its shape. Materials commonly used in moulding include plastic, metal, glass and ceramic.

Tyres are made using moulds, where the molten rubber is poured into the mould and then left to set. Moulds can vary greatly in size. They are usually made of hardened steel which can resist wearing.

## Types of moulds 
### Compression 
Compression moulds work by taking the empty mould and placing a piece of unshaped rubber inside. The mould is then pressed shut using high heat and pressure forcing the rubber to liquify and flow into the recess created for the part while excess rubber is forced into the moulds dump groove. It is important when making a mould to keep in mind that when the part cools it will shrink slightly.

### Injection 
Injection moulds work under the same principle as compression moulds except that instead of pressing the mould together on the rubber the mould is first closed and the liquid rubber is then injected into a fill hole drilled into the mould. This is used more for plastic products.

### Press Mold 
Press type of mold includes bending, trimming, edging, and drawing. Some parts are molded through several procedures, and a progressive press molding is used to perform these procedures sequentially.

### Plastics Mold 
A plastics mold is used to mold parts by melting a molding material such as plastics with heat and pressure into the mold.

## References
Cleat

**Cleats** or **studs** are  or  that are attached to the  of a shoe to provide more traction () on a soft or slippery surface. Shoes specially designed for several kinds of sports, such as baseball and all the different kinds of football, have cleats, so that the  do not slip on the ground so easily. Ice cleats (or crampons) are a type of spikes that usually are attachable to the soles of shoes to prevent slipping on ice.
Janet McTeer

**Janet McTeer**, OBE (born 5 August 1961) is an English actress. She was born in Newcastle. Her parents are Jean (née Morris) and Alan McTeer. She spent her childhood in York.

## References
Jean Dujardin

**Jean Dujardin** (born 19 June 1972 in Rueil-Malmaison, Hauts-de-Seine) is a French actor and comedian. He was the first French actor to win an Academy Award. He won it in the year 2011 for the movie *The Artist*. He has also appeared in international films like “The Wolf of Wall Street” and “The Monuments Men.”He also won a Golden Globe Award and a British Academy Film Award.

Before acting, Dujardin worked for a construction company. He began his acting career at local cabarets in Paris. From 1999 to 2003 he acted in a Canadian comedy television series *Un Gars, une fille*. His wife Alexandra Lamy also starred in the series.

## Other websites 
* 

## References
Coriolanus

***The Tragedy of Coriolanus*** is a play by William Shakespeare.  It is a tragedy. Shakespeare's source was Plutarch's *Life of Caius Martius Coriolanus*. It was probably was first acted between 1607 and 1608. It was probably first printed in 1623 in the First Folio. 

## References
Alexa Nikolas

**Alexa Helen Nikolas** (born April 4, 1992 in Chicago) is an American actress. She is best known for her role as "Nicole Bristow" on the Nickelodeon television series *Zoey 101*.

She was to see in the musicvideo of Vanessa Anne Hudgens' Single *Come Back to Me*.

Nikolas married Canadian electronic musician Mike Milosh in 2012. In 2016, Nikolas and Milosh divorced.

In May 2020, Nikolas announced via her Instagram that she was pregnant with her first child with her boyfriend Michael Gray. She confirmed the birth of her child in November 2020. In July 2021, Nikolas announced on Instagram that she married Gray on July 26, 2021, at Crystal Lake in Angeles National Forest in Southern California. In January 2023, Nikolas announced on Instagram that she was pregnant with her second child. Her second child was born in August 2023.

## Television and movie roles
Jennifer 8

***Jennifer 8*** is a 1992 American mystery and thriller movie. Uma Thurman plays Helena Robertson, John Malkovich plays the Special Agent St. Anne and Kathy Baker plays Margie Ross. The movie is about a cop in California feeling burnout when his marriage collapses. This movie is also about abduction and murders.

*Jennifer 8* was released in November 1992 in United States theaters. Reviews were mixed. The performance in the box office was substandard. The movie was made for $20 million, and got back almost $11.4 million.
The Merry Wives of Windsor

***The Merry Wives of Windsor*** is a play by William Shakespeare. It is a comedy. *The Merry Wives of Windsor* was first acted between 1600 and 1601. It was first printed in 1602.

## Sources
Shakespeare usually based his plays on works by other writers. *Merry Wives* however is completely Shakespeare's invention. Legend says Queen Elizabeth I liked the character of Falstaff so much that she wanted to see him in love, and begged Shakespeare to continue his adventures after the two parts of *Henry IV*.

## Main characters
* Sir John Falstaff
* Mistress Ford
* Mistress Page

## Story
The story follows the old, fat, penniless knight Sir John Falstaff as he tries to swindle money from two ladies of Windsor, England. They are aware of his schemes from the beginning. They punish him in various ways, including a ducking in a river after he hides in a basket of dirty laundry to avoid their husbands.  A subplot involves a young woman convincing her parents to allow her to marry the man she loves.

## Adaptations
Operas based on the play include *Falstaff* (1799) by Antonio Salieri, *The Merry Wives of Windsor* (1849) by Carl Otto Nicolai, *Falstaff* (1893) by Giuseppe Verdi, and *Sir John in Love* (1929) by Ralph Vaughan Williams.

## References
Miller's Crossing

'''''Miller's Crossing'''* is a 1990 mystery crime drama thriller movie by Coen brothers. Gabriel Byrne plays Tom Reagan, Marcia Gay Harden plays Verna Bernbaum, and Frances McDormand plays a secretary. The subject in the movie is Mafia related issues and crimes. The movie was released in September 1990 in the United States. The budget was over $14 million. *Miller's Crossing'' earned back only $5 million. However, the movie was critically praised.
Hudson Hawk

***Hudson Hawk*** is an American action-adventure criminal comedy movie released in 1991. In the movie, Bruce Willis plays Hudson Hawk, David Caruso is Kit Kat and Andie MacDowell is Anna Baragli. The subject is burglary and Mafia crimes. This movie was released May 1991. The reviews were very bad. The box office performance was very poor.

## Other websites 
*
Emberizidae

**Emberizidae** is a large family of passerine birds, which are typically known as **buntings** in the Old World and **American sparrows** in the New World. They are seed-eating birds with a finch-like bill.

These birds are not closely related to the (Old World) sparrows, the family Passeridae. The family also includes the North American birds known as juncos and towhees.

The Emberizidae family probably originated in South America and spread first into North America before crossing into eastern Asia and continuing to move west. This explains the comparative paucity of emberizid species in Europe and Africa when compared to the Americas.

Like wih several other passerine families, this family's taxonomy is in a state of flux. Many genera in South and Central America are more closely related to tanager clades, and at least one tanager genus (*Chlorospingus*) may belong here in the Emberizidae.

## References
Mohamed Morsi

**Mohamed Morsi** (, ALA-LC: *Muḥammad Muḥammad Mursī ‘Īsá al-‘Ayyāṭ&nbsp;* ; 8 August 1951 – 17 June 2019) was an Egyptian politician. With the support of the Muslim Brotherhood he became the fifth President of Egypt on 30 June 2012. On 3 July 2013, Egyptian army chief General Abdel Fattah el-Sisi declared that Morsi would no longer be president, after many people who wanted him to resign began protesting.

On 16 May 2015, Morsi was sentenced to death by an Egyptian court for passing state secrets to Qatar. In 2016 a higher court overturned the death penalty, pending another trial.

On 17 June 2019, Morsi reportedly had a heart attack in a Cairo court and later died, aged 67.

## References
Douglas Engelbart

**Douglas Carl "Doug" Engelbart** (January 30, 1925 &ndash; July 2, 2013) was an American inventor. Engelbart was known for inventing the computer mouse in 1964.

Engelbart was born on January 30, 1925 in Portland, Oregon. He studied at Oregon State College and at the University of California, Berkeley. Engelbart was married to Ballard Engelbart from 1950 until her death in 1997. They had four children. Engelbart died on July 2, 2013 from kidney failure in Atherton, California, aged 88.

## References
## Other websites
* Doug Engelbart's official Web site and home of the Doug Engelbart Institute (formerly Bootstrap)
* Computer History Museam announcing news of his passing (Douglas Engelbart's death news)
Family Business

***Family Business*** is a 1989 crime comedy movie which stars Dustin Hoffman, Matthew Broderick and Sean Connery. The subjects are Mafia activities, manipulation and schemes. The release date of *Family Business* was in December 1989. The movie got extremely negative review by critics. Its box office intake was only barely $12 million.
Dassault/Dornier Alpha Jet

Air Force **Dassault-Breguet/Dornier Alpha Jet**.]]

The **Dassault-Breguet/Dornier Alpha Jet** is a French and German training aircraft. Its first flight was in October 1973. It is a twin-turbojet, two-seat aircraft. It is used by the Patrouille de France, the air show team of the French Air Force.
Midnight in Paris

***Midnight in Paris*** is a 2011 fantasy comedy movie that distributed by Sony Pictures Classics. The cast include Kathy Bates as Gertrude, Rachel McAdams as Inez and Mimi Kennedy as Helen, Inez' mother. The subject is multiple romantic encounters. This movie was directed by Woody Allen. *Midnight in Paris* was released in May 13 and 20, 2011 in the United States. It got very positive reviews from critics.

## References
## Other websites
*  (US)
*  (France)
* Jonathan Jones: "Midnight in Paris: a beginner's guide to modernism" *The Guardian*, October 11, 2011.
*
* 
* 
* *Midnight in Paris*  at The Numbers
* *Midnight in Paris*  at Travell
Canadair CL-215

**Canadair CL-215**.]]
The **Canadair CL-215** is a Canadian sea plane dedicated to firefighting and air transport. It is a twin-engine aircraft. It is, and it was, used in Canada, France, Greece, Turkey, and USA. Bombardier CL-415 is a modernized variant.
Renault Trafic

The **Renault Trafic** is a commercial van designed and built by French company Renault from 1981 to present.

Opel, Vauxhall and Nissan make the same vehicle but with different names, The names are: **Opel Vivaro,** **Vauxhall Vivaro** and **Nissan Primastar.**  The first generation was sold as: **Opel Arena, Vauxhall Arena, Tata Winger, Chevrolet Trafic, Chevrolet Spacevan, Winnebago LeSharo(RV)** and **Inokom Permas**.

File:Renault trafic jaslo.jpg|First generation(pre-facelift)
File:Renault Trafic 4x4.jpg|First generation(post-facelift)
File:Renault Trafic dCi 80.JPG|Second generation(pre-facelift)
File:Renault Trafic II front 20080120.jpg|Second generation(post-facelift)
File:2018 Renault Trafic SL27 Business+ Energy 1.6 Front.jpg|Third generation
File:Opel Vivaro 20090905 front.JPG|Opel Vivaro A
File:2004 Vauxhall Vivaro 2700 DTi SWB 1.9.jpg|Vauxhall Vivaro A
File:2022 Nissan Primastar Automesse Ludwigsburg 2022 1X7A5926.jpg|Second generation Nissan Primastar
File:Opel arena passenger side.jpg|Opel Arena
File:2000 Vauxhall Arena 1.9 TD SWB (23376780904).jpg|Vauxhall Arena
File:Tata Winger van, Bangladesh. (33029016652) (cropped).jpg|Tata Winger
File:1988 Winnebago LeSharo 2.2 gasoline, front left.jpg|Winnebago LeSharo
File:Mobile Police Station.jpg|Inokom Permas

## Other websites
* Renault Trafic official website 
* The original Renault Trafic as a camper van (includes a photo of the original Trafic, pre-facelift)
* Opel Vivaro official website
*
Andrew Dice Clay

**Andrew Dice Clay** (born September 29, 1957) is an American comedian and actor. He performs stand-up comedy. He has acted in many comedy and drama movies, including *Pretty in Pink* and ''It's Always Sunny in Philadelphia''. Clay was born in Brooklyn, New York with the name **Andrew Silverstein**.

## References
Renault Mascott

by the French police in Paris.]]
The **Renault Mascott** is a van designed and built by French company Renault from 1999 to 2010. It is also used as a minibus and fire engine. In 2010 it was replaced by Renault Master, third generation.
Dead Man Walking

***Dead Man Walking*** is a 1995 American drama movie. The subjects represented in this movie are capital punishment and murder. This was shot near New Orleans, Louisiana. Susan Sarandon plays Sister Helen Prejean and Sean Penn plays a Louisiana inmate on death row. *Dead Man Walking* received positive reviews from critics. The budget was $11 million; it got back $83 million in the box office. This movie was released in December 1995 in the American theaters.
Magic realism

**Magic realism**, or magical realism, is a genre where magical events invade a realistic environment. It is
:"what happens when a highly detailed, realistic setting is invaded by something too strange to believe".

The surprise effect of magical realism probably stems from the Western reader's separation from mythology. Mythology is a root of magical realism more easily understood by non-Western cultures.

A characteristic of magic realism is the way a novel might start with a mundane, even boring situation. Examples of writers of magic realism are Gabriel Garcia Marquez, Miguel Ángel Asturias and Ernst Jünger. So, in Mikhail Bulgakov's short story *Diaboliad*, we find the central character sitting at an office in a typical Soviet organisation:
:"Comrade Korotkov was working solidly in the permanent post of Chief Clerk...". 
Gradually things start to go wrong... And before long, the events seem quite unbelievable. Yet, underneath, some accurate truths about Russia in the 1920s are strongly hinted.

The genre has been applied to other art forms, but it is mostly used about fictional literature.

## References
Karen Ann Quinlan

**Karen Ann Quinlan** (March 29, 1954 – June 11, 1985) was an important figure in a right to die controversy in the United States. She went unconscious after arriving home from a party. She had overdosed on Valium and alcohol. Whether or not she had drugs inside her system is under controversy. She later went into a persistent vegetative state and was in that condition for ten years. She was removed from ventilation in 1976 but did not die until June 1985, when she had pneumonia. Quinlan was born in Scranton, Pennsylvania in 1954. She died in New Jersey.

## Related pages
* Right to die
* Coma 

## Further reading
*

## Other websites
*
Cancer Ward

***Cancer Ward***  is a semi-autobiographical novel by Russian author Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn. It was first published in 1967, and banned in the Soviet Union in 1968.

The novel tells the story of a small group of cancer patients in Uzbekistan in 1955. This was the post-Stalinist Soviet Union. It explores the moral  of those who stood by whilst their fellow citizens were arrested, sent to labor camps, exiled  or executed.

Stalin's Great Purge, when millions were unjustly killed, was a campaign of political repression in the Soviet Union. It was orchestrated by Joseph Stalin from 1936 to 1939. It involved a large-scale purge of the Communist Party and government officials and the Red Army leadership, and repression of the peasants. There was widespread police surveillance, suspicion of "saboteurs", imprisonment, and arbitrary executions. In Russian historiography the period of the most intense purge, 1937–1938, is called ***Yezhovshchina*** (; literally, *the Yezhov regime*), after Nikolai Yezhov, the head of the Soviet secret police, the NKVD.

One of the patients had denounced a man eighteen years before to get the whole apartment they were living in together. He fears that the man, now free, might seek revenge. Others come to realize that their passivity, their failure to resist, makes them as guilty as any other. "You haven't had to do much lying, do you understand?" Shulubin tells the main character, Oleg Kostoglotov, who was in a labor camp. "At least you haven't had to stoop so low &ndash; you should appreciate that! You people were arrested, but we were herded into meetings to 'expose' you. They executed people like you, but they made us stand up and applaud the verdicts ... And not just applaud, they made us demand the firing squad, *demand* it!" 

Toward the end of the novel, Kostoglotov &ndash; who, like Solzhenitsyn, was forced into exile under "Article 58", which dealt with counter-revolutionaries &ndash; realizes that the damage done to him, and to Russia, was too great. There will be no healing, no normal life now that Stalin has gone. On the day of his release from the cancer ward, toward the end of the novel, he visits a zoo, seeing in the animals people he knew: "[E]ven supposing Oleg took their side and had the power, he would still not want to break into the cages and liberate them ... [D]eprived of their home surroundings, they had lost the idea of rational freedom. It would only make things harder for them, suddenly to set them free".

## References
Right to die

The **right to die** is the belief that people have the right to end their own lives.  Usually, when people talk about the right to die, they are talking about the right of people with terminal illnesses to end their lives.
* Should a person with a terminal illness be allowed to: 
** Kill themselves?
** Have somebody else help them kill themselves?
** Have a doctor give them medications that they can take to kill themselves?
** Refuse medical treatment, if doing that would cause them to die?
* Should people who have illnesses which will not kill them, but cause severe pain or suffering, have the right to die?
* Who, if anyone, has the power to make these decisions?

Hinduism accepts the right to die for anyone that has terminal diseases and have no desire to live. Other religions, however, vary in the tolerance of this right, and some call suicide a sin.

## Related pages 
* Antinatalism
* Terminal illness
* Assisted suicide
* Euthanasia
* *Cruzan v. Director, Missouri Department of Health* (the first "right to die" case in the United States)

## References
Radu Vasile

**Radu Vasile** (10 October 1942 – 3 July 2013) was a Romanian historian, poet and politician. 

He was the 57th Prime Minister of Romania, serving from 17 April 1998 to 13 December 1999. He was also a Senator from the Democratic Party (PD) from 2000 to 2004. Aside from politics, Vasile used to write poetry under the pen name *Radu Mischiu*.

He died from colorectal cancer on 3 July 2013 in Bucharest.

## References
Black Dog

***Black Dog*** is a 1998 action thriller movie. Patrick Swayze plays Jack Crews, Brenda Strong plays Melanie Crews. Randy Travis plays Earl. The movie is about a trucker who at first refuses a job, but then learns that his house will be repossessed unless he pays his debt. This movie was rated PG-13 when it was released in the United States in May 1998. It earned back more than USD$12 million in the box office.

Rotten Tomatoes gave *Black Dog* an 11% rating, meaning it is very bad.

## References
The Last of the Mohicans

***The Last of the Mohicans*** is an adventure story with an historical setting and several historical characters. It was written by James Fenimore Cooper. It was published in 1826. It is set during the French and Indian War in what is now upstate New York.

Cooper's sources and influences include British and American books in the Romantic literary tradition such as the *Waverly* books by Sir Walter Scott, travel books, and American folklore about the frontier and frontiersmen.

A twelve chapter movie serial directed by Ford Beebe was released to theaters in 1932. It stars Harry Carey as Hawkeye (Natty Bumpo), Mischa Auer as General Marquis de Montcalm, and Yakima Canutt in several small parts.

A television series loosely based on the characters of Bumpo and Chingachgook stars John Hart and Lon Chaney, Jr. It aired for a few seasons, beginning in 1957. A television mini-series and several made-for-television movies have also aired.

## References
Adly Mansour

**Adly Mahmud Mansour** (; born 23 December 1945) is an Egyptian judge. He was the head of the Supreme Constitutional Court. In July 2013, the military deposed the now former president Mohamed Morsi, and made Mansour the interim President of Egypt. Mass protests which had taken place beforehand prompted this removal. The military made the announcement with several secular and religious leaders, such as Grand Imam of al-Azhar Dr Ahmed el-Tayeb, Coptic Pope Tawadros II and Mohamed ElBaradei. Morsi said that his removal was not valid and continued to maintain that he is the legitimate President of Egypt. Mansour was sworn into office in front of the Supreme Constitutional Court on 4 July 2013.

Mansour graduated in law, from Cairo University. He has done postgraduate education in economics and management science.

## References
Bernie Nolan

**Bernadette Therese "Bernie" Nolan** (17 October 1960 &ndash; 4 July 2013) was an Irish actress, singer, and television personality. She was known for being part of the Irish girl group *The Nolans*. 

Nolan was born on 17 October 1960 in Dublin, Republic of Ireland. She was raised in Blackpool, Lancashire, England. Nolan was married to Steve Doneathy from 1996 until her death in 2013. They had a daughter. Nolan died on 4 July 2013 from breast cancer in Surrey, England, aged 52.

## References
## Other websites
*
*
Jennifer Grey

**Jennifer Grey** (born March 26, 1960) is an American actress. She was known for her roles in the 1980s movie such as ''Ferris Bueller's Day Off* and *Dirty Dancing*. She was nominated for a Golden Globe Award. Her father is actor Joel Grey.

## Personal life
Grey was born on March 26, 1960 in New York City, New York to Joel Gray and to Jo Wilder. She studied at Dalton School. Grey was also romantically involved with actors Michael J. Fox, Johnny Depp, William Baldwin and then-aide to President Clinton, George Stephanopoulos. Grey married Clark Gregg in 2001. They have one daughter, Stella. They divorced in 2021.

## Plastic surgery 
In the early 1990s, Grey had two rhinoplasty procedures—the second of which was necessary to correct problems stemming from the first. Even close friends to fail to recognize her, and the major change in her appearance hurt her career. Of the experience she said, "I went in the operating room a celebrity—and came out anonymous. It was like being in a witness protection program or being invisible." 

Grey briefly thought about changing her name and starting anew, but decided against this.

## Later career
From March 1999 until January 2000, Grey starred as herself in the short-lived ABC sitcom *It's Like, You Know...'', which used her much-publicized 'nose job' as a running gag.

In the 2010 season eleven of *Dancing With the Stars* she was partnered with professional dancer Derek Hough. They won the competition.

## References
## Other websites
*
*
*
*Washington Post interview
King John (play)

***King John*** is a play by William Shakespeare. It is a history play about King John of England. Shakespeare's source was Holinshed's Chronicles. It was probably first acted between 1596 and 1597. It was probably first printed in 1623 in the First Folio.

## References
Henry VIII (play)

]]
***Henry VIII*** is a play by William Shakespeare.  It is a history play. Shakespeare's sources were ''Holinshed's Chronicles* and *The Book of Martyrs'' by John Foxe. The play was first acted between 1612 and 1613. It was probably first printed in 1623 in the First Folio.

## References
The Spanish Tragedy

***The Spanish Tragedy, or Hieronimo is Mad Again*** is a play by Thomas Kyd. It is a tragedy. The exact date the play was written is uncertain. It was probably written in the 1580s. 

Ben Jonson referred to the play in *Bartholomew Fair*. This suggests that *The Spanish Tragedy* was staged between 1584 and 1589. A date earlier than 1588 is very likely. 

The play is about the horrific murders of the heirs to the Spanish throne. It had great influence on Elizabethan playwrights. Shakespeare may have adopted elements of the play for *Hamlet*.

## Other websites
* Complete play
Arthur Rackham

**Arthur Rackham**  (19 September 1867 – 6 September 1939) was a British artist and illustrator. His work, often with fantasy or mythological elements, is still popular today.

## Other websites
*Rackham at Art passions
Connie Nielsen

**Connie Nielsen** (born 3 July 1965) is a Danish actress who acts mostly in movies. She began acting in 1984. She began acting in English language movies in 1997. Her notable movies include ''The Devil's Advocate*, *Mission to Mars* and for her role as Queen Hippolyta in *Wonder Woman* (2017) and *Justice League'' (2017). She was born in Frederikshavn, Jutland.

## References
## Other websites 
*
*
Charles S. Dutton

**Charles Stanley Dutton** (born January 30, 1951) is an American actor. He acts mainly in movies and television but also performs in stage plays. He acted as Willis in ''Cookie's Fortune* and as Jake in *Jacknife''. He was born in Baltimore, Maryland.
Home Alone 2: Lost in New York

***Home Alone 2: Lost in New York*** is an American family Christmas comedy movie. It is directed by Chris Columbus and produced by John Hughes. It was released on November 20, 1992. It is a sequel to the 1990 film *Home Alone* and is the second film in the *Home Alone* series.

## Background
It once again stars Macaulay Culkin and features Daniel Stern, Joe Pesci, Catherine O'Hara, and John Heard. New cast includes Tim Curry, Rob Schneider, Brenda Fricker, and Eddie Bracken. The movie score was composed by John Williams. It was mostly filmed in Chicago, New York City and Miami. Donald Trump made a cameo appearance in the movie.

## Plot
The story is set about two years after the 1990 movie. At Christmas, the McCallister family go on vacation to Florida. At the airport, Kevin (Macaulay Culkin) accidentally gets separated from his family. He gets on a plane to New York City and stays at a Plaza Hotel. In New York, Kevin faces the same two burglars who had robbed his house in the first film when his family were in France: the "Wet Bandits", Marv (Daniel Stern) and Harry (Joe Pesci). They are now called the "Sticky Bandits". Kevin tries to stop them from robbing an elderly man's toy store on Christmas Eve. He traps them in his uncle's house, which is being renovated. Harry and Marv later attempt to shoot Kevin at Central Park, but a homeless pigeon lady (Brenda Fricker) throws bird seed at them causing pigeons to attack them. The burglars are caught by the police and go back to jail once again. Meanwhile, the Miami security informs the McCallisters that Kevin is in New York after being able the track the credit card that Kevin used and they take a trip there and also stay at the hotel.

## Cast 
Macaulay Culkin as Kevin McCallister

Joe Pesci as Harry Lime

Daniel Stern as Marv Merchants

John Heard as Peter McCallister, Kevin’s father

Catherine O’Hara as Kate McCallister, Kevin’s mother

Devin Ratray as Buzz McCallister, Kevin’s older brother

Gerry Bamman as Frank McCallister, Kevin’s uncle

Donald Trump as Himself

## References
## Other websites
* 
* 
* 
* 
* Movie Locations Guide.com - Maps and directions to *Home Alone 2* Filming Locations
Alice Braga

**Alice Braga** (April 15, 1983) is a Brazilian actress who has appeared in American and Brazilian movies. She played Beth in *Repo Men*. She also played Anna Montez in *I am Legend*. She was born in São Paulo, Brazil. She is the niece of the Brazilian actress Sônia Braga.

## References
Meat Loaf

**Michael Lee Aday** (born **Marvin Lee Aday**; September 27, 1947 – January 20, 2022), better known as **Meat Loaf**, was an American singer and songwriter. He played rock and roll, heavy metal and hard rock. He recorded the single "I'd Do Anything for Love (But I Won't Do That)" in late 1993. He also appeared in over fifty movies and television shows. 

Meat Loaf was born in Dallas, Texas. He went to high school in Lubbock, Texas. He studied at the University of North Texas. Meat Loaf never graduated from college and travelled to Los Angeles to start his career.

When he was 16, on the day of the assassination of John F. Kennedy, Meat Loaf had met the President when he arrived at Dallas Love Field. After hearing about the assassination, he and a friend drove to Parkland Hospital where he saw Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis, covered in blood, getting out of the car.

His album, *Bat Out Of Hell*, sold over 43 million copies. He played Eddie in the movie *The Rocky Horror Picture Show*.

He supported the presidential campaigns of Bill Clinton, George W. Bush, Mitt Romney, John McCain, Rick Santorum and Donald Trump.

Meat Loaf died on January 20, 2022 in Nashville, Tennessee at the age of 74. He died of problems caused by COVID-19. He criticized COVID-19 vaccinations before his death.

## References
## Other websites 
*
Villa

villa in Fiesole.]]
 villa in Sicily.]]
A **villa** was originally a style of house built for the upper classes in ancient Rome. This style of architecture has been kept and adapted upon. The villas in Italy have gradually evolved into luxurious houses. Today, the word *villa* can refer to many types and sizes of houses around the world.

A villa is a type of house that was originally an ancient Roman upper-class country house. Since its origins in the Roman villa, the idea and function of a villa has evolved considerably.

## Related pages
*Roman villa
Yangshuo

**Yangshuo** is a county in China. It is on the west bank of Li River, in the southeast of Guilin, northeast of Guangxi. It is under the jurisdiction of Guilin City. It covers an area of 1428.38 sq km and 65 km from Guilin downtown. It has a total population of about 300,000.

Yangshuo has become a famous resort destination for domestic travelers and foreign travelers.  The number of foreign backpackers coming to Yangshuo is increasing.

## Other websites
*Yangshuo Guilin Travel Guide 
*Photos of Yangshuo Biking
Liga Mexicana Élite

The **Mexican Elite League** or **LME**, is a top level ice hockey league based in Mexico.

The league started on October 2, 2010. The league had a goal to make Mexico known as high-level international competition in ice hockey. The league has 4 teams participating: the Mayan Astronomers, the Teotihuacan Priests, the Aztec Eagle Warriors and the Zapotec Totems. The first champions in the inaugural 2010–11 season were the Teotihuacan Priests.

## Teams
### Current
*Mayan Astronomers (2010-present)
*Teotihuacan Priests (2010-present)
*Aztec Eagle Warriors (2010-present) 
*Zapotec Totems (2010-present)

## References
Yoshi's Story

'''''Yoshi's Story'''* is a platform video game for the Nintendo 64 game console. It was developed and published by Nintendo. It is part of the *Yoshi'' series. It was released in Japan on December 21, 1997, in North America on March 10, 1998, and in Europe on May 10, 1998. It was later released for the Wii's Virtual Console service in 2007 and the Wii U's Virtual Console service in 2016, and was one of the launch titles for the expansion pack for Nintendo Switch Online.

The game plays similar to ''Super Mario World 2: Yoshi's Island''. The player moves Yoshi through many stages while collecting pieces of fruit. The goal in each stage is to fill the Fruit Frame by collecting 30 pieces of fruit. Fruit can be found in many places in a stage. They can be found lying on the stage, floating in bubbles, or carried by enemies. Players can play as eight different Yoshis. Each Yoshi has a different color.

The game takes place in a pop-up book. Each world is made from a different material, such as cardboard, fabric, plastic, and wood.

## Gameplay
The player can choose between two different game modes from the game's main menu. These modes are called Story Mode and Trial Mode. After the player chooses a mode, they can choose a course to play and choose which Yoshi they would like to play as. Trial Mode does not have any courses to play at the start of the game. The player must beat a course in Story Mode before they can play it in Trial Mode.

On each course, the goal is to fill the Fruit Frame by eating 30 pieces of fruit. There are a lot of fruit in each level. Fruits can be found lying around, floating in bubbles, and carried by some enemies. The player needs to apply strategy to get a high score.

The courses are spread across six pages. Each page has four courses. The courses are sorted by difficulty, and the choice of which course to play is made individually for each page. While the first page will always show all four courses, the other pages will only show one course at first. The player must collect Special Hearts to unlock the other courses. Once the game was finished, Nintendo shipped 800,000 units from Japan to American retailers. Retailers were worried that there would be shortages, but a Nintendo official promised that there would be enough copies.

## Reception
The game has a 65 out of 100 score on Metacritic based on eight reviews.

*GamePro* considered the game's very good art to be the one good part, saying that little kids would really like the game. They also complained that the analog control is too hard to use. Peer Schneider of *IGN* said that the analog control is easy to use.

In 2020, Screen Rant said that they liked the game's art style.

## References
Football in Austria

Football is a popular sport in Austria. It is the second most popular sport in the country after alpine skiing. The Austrian Football Association (*Österreichischer Fußball-Bund*), the *ÖFB*, was created in 1904. It has been a member of FIFA since then. The country's national team has not been successful in tournaments. Austria has never qualified for the European championship. It did participate once in 2008, when it co-hosted the championship with Switzerland and did not need to qualify in order to play. In the World Cup, Austria has taken the fourth and third place in 1934 and 1954, respectively.

## Competitions
### League system
The Austrian league system is maintained by the ÖFB and its parts from the federal states. The licences for the professional leagues (Level 1 and 2) are given by the association "Austrian Football League". Below the Level 4 there are a different number of leagues depending of the federal states.

The Bundesliga is the highest national league-club competition in Austria. It has ten teams. The second level is the First Division (*Erste Liga*). It has twelve teams. The third levels are the regional leagues (*Regionalliga*), which are split into three geographical divisions:
*East (*Regionalliga Ost*), which is made up of teams from Vienna, Lower Austria, and Burgenland
*Central (*Regionalliga Mitte*), made up of teams from Styria, Carinthia, Upper Austria, and East Tyrol
*West (*Regionalliga West*), made up of teams from Salzburg, North Tyrol, and Vorarlberg.
The fourth level of the league system is the state league (*Landesliga*).

Below shows how the current system works.

### Austrian Cup
### Women's football
The Austrian leagues for women football are all amateur leagues. They are also maintained by the ÖFB and its local parts in the federal states. There is also a 4th and 5th level which is organised by the local football associations.

## Related pages
* Austria national football team
* Austrian Bundesliga

## References
## Other websites
* League321.com - Austrian football league tables, records & statistics database.
The School for Scandal

***The School for Scandal*** is a play by Richard Brinsley Sheridan. It is a comedy. It was first acted at the Drury Lane Theatre in London, England on 8 May 1777. Like *She Stoops to Conquer* and *The Rivals*, *The School for Scandal* is a staple of classic English theatre. Samuel Barber wrote an opera based on the play.
The Marriage of Figaro (play)

***The Mad Day, or The Marriage of Figaro*** is a play by Pierre Beaumarchais. It is a comedy. It was written in 1778, and first published in 1785. *Figaro* was first performed at the Théâtre Français in Paris on 27 April 1784. It was a great success. *The Marriage of Figaro* is a sequel to the play, *The Barber of Seville*, and a prequel to *The Guilty Mother*.

## Related pages
* *The Marriage of Figaro* (1786), an opera by Mozart based on the play
Paul Butcher, Jr.

**Paul Matthew Hawke Butcher** (born February 14, 1994 in Los Angeles, California) is an American actor. He is best known for his role as "Dustin Brooks" on the Nickelodeon television series *Zoey 101*.

## References
Piers Gaveston

**Piers Gaveston, Earl of Cornwall** (ca. 1284 – 19 June 1312) was the favourite of King Edward II of England. Their contemporaries thought that the relationship between the two men was homosexual. The nobles of England grew jealous and angry as Gaveston rose in power. In 1312, civil war erupted. Gaveston was captured and killed. Gaveston is a major character in Christopher Marlowe's tragedy, *Edward II*.

## Life
Gaveston was born about 1284 to a Gascon lord. About 1300, he entered the household of the Prince of Wales, the future King Edward II. The two young men were both about sixteen years old and developed a close relationship that some thought to be homosexual.

In 1307, Gaveston was  by King Edward I of England, but he was recalled by his son when he became King Edward II in February 1308. Gaveston was made Earl of Cornwall; married Margaret, the daughter of Gilbert de Clare, Earl of Gloucesterl and received money and land. 

Gaveston was regent of the kingdom during Edward's short absence in France in 1308. He played a prominent part at Edward's coronation in February. As time passed, Edward showed Gaveston more and more favour. Powerful nobles grew jealous and angry.

The nobles managed to have Gaveston banished again, but he was quickly recalled by Edward. The nobles gathered their armies as civil war neared. Gaveston and Edward fled together but separated at Scarborough, England. Edward went to York. Gaveston was captured. He was run through with a sword and decapitated. 

Gaveston was buried in the Dominican friary at King's Langley, Hertfordshire. In 1823, a monument was erected on the spot that he was thought to have been murdered. The  on the monument describes Gaveston as "the Minion of a hateful King" who was beheaded "by Barons as lawless as himself".

Gaveston is a major character in Christopher Marlowe's tragedy, *Edward II*.

## References
* *Encyclopædia Britannica*: "Piers Gaveston, earl of Cornwall"
* *History Today*: "Piers Gaveston Executed"
* *The Telegraph*: "Piers Gaveston: bending the monarch’s ear, and will"
She Stoops to Conquer

***She Stoops to Conquer*** is a play by Oliver Goldsmith. It is a comedy. It opened on 15 March 1773 in London, England at Covent Garden Theatre. It was a great success. Like *The School for Scandal* and *The Importance of Being Earnest*, *She Stoops to Conquer* is a staple of classic English theatre.

The play displays the comical elements in every Englishman, especially of those who are hardly aware of their humour.
Understanding Media

***Understanding Media: The Extensions of Man*** is a 1964 book by Marshall McLuhan. It was a pioneering study in media theory. McCluhan was a Professor of literature who was deeply interested in the way media had changed society.

The book proposes that media themselves affect their content in important ways. It is an attempt to understand how changing media have affected society. McLuhan suggests that media play a role, not by the content delivered, but by the characteristics of the medium itself. 

McLuhan pointed to the light bulb as an example. A light bulb does not have content in the way that a newspaper has articles or a television has programs, but it is a medium that has a social effect. The light bulb lets people do things at nighttime which would be impossible in darkness. He describes the light bulb as a medium without any content. McLuhan states that "a light bulb creates an environment by its mere presence". 

More controversially, he thought that content had little effect on society — for example, it did not matter if television broadcasts children's shows or violent programming — the effect of television on society would be identical. He noted that all media have characteristics that engage the viewer in different ways; for instance, a passage in a book could be reread at will, but a movie had to be screened again in its entirety to study any individual part of it. He made the point that reading, by its very nature, is a sequential medium. One reads it in a sequence. On the other hand, a medium like film presents information more holistically. There is a kind of "all at once-ness" about films and television.

The book is the source of the well-known phrase "*The medium is the message*". It was a leading indicator of the upheaval of local cultures by increasingly globalized values. The book's influence spread much further than academics, writers, and social theorists. It was widely read. It became a corner-stone in media studies courses.

## References
Alsatian

**Alsatian** might mean:

*Something related to Alsace, a region of France
*Alsatian language, a language spoken in Alsace
*German Shepherd, a dog breed that started in Alsace, sometimes called "Alsatian"
Aymara

**Aymara** might mean:

*Aymara people, a native people in Bolivia and Peru
*Aymara language, spoken by the Aymara people
Britain & Ireland's Next Top Model (series 9)

'''''Britain and Ireland's Next Top Model, Cycle 9'''* is the ninth season of *Britain & Ireland's Next Top Model*. This cycle includes 14 contestants.

## Series summary
### Episode 1
***Eliminated semi-finalists:** Aleksandra Kozielska, Angel Ojera, Ayoola Sundari Smart, Carly Gordon, Claire Bodie, Dominique Binns, Elizabeth Hamilton, Ella, Hannah Gardner, Janay Sandler, Lucy Bell, Lydia Lyn & Stephanie Taylor

### Episode 2
***Best:** Emma Ward
***Bottom Four:** Saffron Williams, Sarah Kennedy, Christina Chalk & Danielle Sandhu
***Eliminated:** Christina Chalk

### Episode 3
***Best:** Lauren Lambert
***Bottom Four:** Saffron Williams, Abigail Johns, Danielle Sandhu & Laura Young 
***Eliminated:** Danielle Sandhu

### Episode 4
***Best:** Naomi Pelkiewicz
***Bottom Four:** Abigail Johns, Jessica Patterson, Sophie Ellson & Holly Carpenter
***Eliminated:** Jessica Patterson

### Episode 5
***First Call-Out:** Sarah Kennedy
***Bottom Four:** Laura Young, Emma Ward, Angel Mbonu & Abigail Johns
***Eliminated:** Abigail Johns

### Episode 6
***First Call-Out:** Lauren Lambert
***Bottom Four:** Laura Young, Saffron Williams, Naomi Pelkiewicz & Emily Garner
***Eliminated:** Laura Young

### Episode 7
***First Call-Out:** Lauren Lambert
***Bottom Four:** Naomi Pelkiewicz, Holly Carpenter, Emily Garner & Angel Mbonu
***Eliminated:** Emily Garner

### Episode 8
***First Call-Out:** Angel Mbonu
***Bottom Three:** Saffron Williams, Sarah Kennedy & Holly Carpenter 
***Eliminated:** Saffron Williams

### Episode 9
***First Call-Out:** Lauren Lambert
***Bottom Three:** Naomi Pelkiewicz, Holly Carpenter & Sarah Kennedy
***Eliminated:** Holly Carpenter

### Episode 10
***First Call-Out:** Sarah Kennedy
***Bottom Two:** Emma Ward & Angel Mbonu
***Eliminated:** Angel Mbonu

### Episode 11
***First Call-Out:** Emma Ward
***Bottom Two:** Sophie Ellson & Naomi Pelkiewicz
***Eliminated:** Naomi Pelkiewicz

### Episode 12
***First Call-Out:** Emma Ward
***Bottom Two:** Sophie Ellson & Lauren Lambert
***Eliminated:** Sophie Ellson

### Episode 13
***Final Three:** Sarah Kennedy, Lauren Lambert & Emma Ward
**'Britain and Ireland's Next Top Model:** Lauren Lambert

## Contestants
**First group of eliminated semi-finalists**

**Second group of eliminated semi-finalists'''

## Contestants Progress 
: The contestant was eliminated
: The contestant joined the Bottom Four/Three/Two
: The contestant won picture of the week

## References
Abbie Cornish

**Abbie Cornish** (born 7 August 1982) is an Australian actress who has performed in some notable movies. Cornish was born in New South Wales, and grew up on a farm.

Her movies include *Somersault*, *Candy* and *Bright Star*. She played Emma Matisse in *One Perfect Day*. She plays Ellen Murphy in the 2014 remake of RoboCop. 

## References
## Other websites
*
Barbara W. Tuchman

(left) und John Eisenhower (right) in 1971]]

**Barbara Wertheim Tuchman** (January 30, 1912 – February 6, 1989) was an American historian and writer that wrote novels based on the military. She became extremely known first after she wrote *The Guns of August* (which was later reprinted as *August 1914*). She received a Pulitzer Prize for General Non-Fiction for that novel. She also wrote several other novels. She was born **Barbara Wertheim** in New York City; she died in Greenwich, Connecticut at the age of 77.
Manuel Garnica Roldan

**Manuel Garnica Roldan**  (born August 25, 1978 in Granada, Spain) is a Paralympic athlete from Spain.  He is blind, and has retinitis pigmentosa.  This means his eye sight gets worse over time. Garnica competed in the 2008 Summer Paralympics and finished sixth in the T12 marathon.  He did not finish in the 10,000 meter race.  He competed in other races, most in Spain.  2011 IPC World Athletics Championships in Christchurch in the marathon where he finished fourth.
## Personal 
Garnica was born August 25, 1978 in Granada, Spain.  His parents learned about his eye sight problem when he was two years old. Doctors learned he had retinitis pigmentosa, an eye disease that means he sees worse over time.  When he was a nine-year-old, he learned to read using braille after his eyesight got worse.  He played basketball and handball when he was a boy.

## Athletics 
Garnica started in athletics after his eyesight got really bad, In 2007, he competed in the Cross Christmas of Fatima Race. In 2008, he competed in the Ruta de la Miel Race and he finished ninth.

Garnica competed in the 2008 Summer Paralympics where he finished six in the T12 marathon and did not finish in the 10,000 meter race.

In 2009, Garnica did not run fast enough to go to the European Athletics Championships.  In 2009, he came in second in the Memorial Adolfo Rivera race with a time of 30.55, one second behind the person who finished first, Joaquín de la Vega de la Coba.  He competed in the Subida al Santuario Virgen de la Sierra Race where he finished number two with a time of 1.3:59.  He participated in the  Paternal Gran Fondo Half Marathon, where he finished fifth. In 2010, he competed in the City of Villa del Rio Race, where he finished first in the 500 meter race.  That year, he also competed in the  'A goal for all' 10&nbsp;km race, where he came in first in the men's vision impaired group. In 2011, his guide runner was Maribel Díaz.  The pair competed in the Race of Trinity, which they won with a time of 30:19.  The race was the first in the Spanish Provisional Racing Circuit.  He also competed in the Villafranca de Cordoba Solidarity Race in 2011.  He also competed in the 2011 Cordoba Half Marathon, where he came in first in the men's vision impaired group.

Garnica competed at the 2011 IPC World Athletics Championships in Christchurch, New Zealand and finished fourth in the T12 marathon.  He was one of two Spanish runners competing in the marathon.  He qualified for the 2011 IPC Championships after setting a qualifying time of 2.35:54 in the Sevilla Marathon. His guide runner for the two races was Joaquin de la Vega.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Manuel Garnica Roldan: Twitter