open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Hsu Hsin-liang

**Hsu Hsin-liang** (; born 27 May 1941) is a Taiwanese politician. He is a formerly Chairman of the Democratic Progressive Party (DPP). He was a supporter of the Pan-Blue Coalition from 2000 to 2008 but then supported the DPP in the 2008 presidential election.

He was expelled from the Kuomintang but broke ranks in 1977 when he ran and won as an independent in the election for Magistrate of Taoyuan County.

Hsu was involved in opposition activity during the first part of 1979. The government impeached him and removed him from office for two years.

## References
IKON

**iKON** is a South Korean boy-band formed by YG Entertainment. iKON was first introduced on WIN: Who is Next, resulting in their debut as a full group with the song, "My Type". "My Type" charted at #1 and #3 on the Korean and US charts, respectively.

## Members
### Current members
* **Jay** ()
* **Song** ()
* **Bobby** ()
* **DK** ()
* **Ju-ne** ()
* **Chan** ()

### Past members
* **B.I** () – leader

## Discography
### Albums
**Korean albums**
* *Welcome Back* (2015)
* *Return* (2018)
* *Take Off* (2023)

**Japanese albums**
* *New Kids* (2019)
* *Flashback [+ I Decide]* (2022)

**Reissues**
* *The New Kids* (2019)

**Compilations**
* *iKon Single Collection* (2016)

**Live albums**
* *2016 iKon - iKoncert Showtime Tour in Seoul Live CD* (2016)
### Extended plays
* *New Kids: Continue* (2018)
* *New Kids: The Final* (2018)
* *I Decide* (2020)
* *Flashback* (2022)
### Single albums
* *New Kids: Begin* (2017)
* *Why Why Why* (2021)
* *Panorama* (2023)

## Videography
### Video albums
**Concert tour videos**
* ''2015-2016 iKoncert 'Showtime' in Seoul Live DVD*
* *iKoncert 2016 Showtime Tour in Japan*
* *iKON Japan Tour 2016*
* *iKON Japan Dome Tour 2017*
* *iKON Japan Dome Tour 2017 Additional Dates*
* *iKON Japan Tour 2019*
**Other releases**
* *Kony's Summertime* (2016)
* *2016 iKon Season's Greetings* (2016)
* *Kony's Wintertime'' (2017)
## Music videos
* "My Type" (2015)
* "Rhythm Ta" (2015)
* "Airplane" (2015)
* "Anthem" (2015)
* "Apology" (2015)
* "What's Wrong?" (2015)
* "Dumb & Dumber" (2015)
* "#WYD" (2016)
* "B-Day" (2017)
* "Bling Bling" (2017)
* "Love Scenario" (2018)
* "Killing Me" (2018)
* "Goodbye Road" (2018)
* "I'm OK" (2019)
* "Dive" (2020)
* "Why Why Why" (2021)
* "But You" (2022)
* "Tantara" Performance MV (2023)
* "U" (2023)
* "Panorama" Drama Version (2023)
Niederbruck

**Niederbruck** used to be a commune in the Haut-Rhin department of east France. On 1 January 2016, it became part of a new commune, Masevaux-Niederbruck.

## References
Sue Grafton

**Sue Taylor Grafton** (April 24, 1940 – December 28, 2017) was an American author. She mostly wrote detective novels. She was best known for her "alphabet series" of books, featuring the character Kinsey Millhone. The first in the series was *"A" Is for Alibi* (1982); the final was *"Y" Is for Yesterday* (2017). She also wrote screenplays for television movies. Crime writer Ross Macdonald was her biggest influence as a writer.

Grafton was born in Louisville, Kentucky. Her father was crime writer C. W. Grafton (1909–1982). She was divorced twice and had three children. She was married to Steven F. Humphrey until her death.

Grafton died of cancer on December 28, 2017 in Santa Barbara, California. She was 77.

## References
## Other websites
* 
*
Pacific Islands Rugby Alliance

The **Pacific Islands Rugby Alliance** (PIRA) started in 2002 as a co-operation between the Fiji, Samoa and Tonga Rugby Unions. Niue and the Cook Islands also became members of the Alliance and sent players to the Pacific Islanders team. Both the PIRA and the Pacific Islanders team ended in 2009.

## References
Jimmie C. Holland

**Jimmie Cristine Holland** (9 April 1928 – 24 December 2017) was an American medical researcher and psychiatrist. She was born in Nevada, Texas. She was the founder of the field of psycho-oncology.  

In 1977, she worked with two colleagues to establish a full-time psychiatric service at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center in New York City. The program was one of the first of its kind in cancer treatment, and trained its psychologists to specialize in issues specific to people with cancer.

## References
Thomas Hunter

**Thomas Gregory "Tom" Hunter** (December 19, 1932 – December 27, 2017) was an American actor and screenwriter. He was born in Savannah, Georgia. He was known for work in foreign Spaghetti Westerns. 

Hunter began his movie carerr in a small role in Blake Edwards' *What Did You Do in the War, Daddy?* (1966). He was the star of Dino De Laurentiis's produced *The Hills Run Red* leading him to a career in European cinema with guest appearances in American television series.

Hunter was also the founder of the New England Repertory Company. He wrote the screenplays for ''The 'Human' Factor* (1975) and *The Final Countdown'' (1980).

Hunter died of pulmonary edema on December 27, 2017 in Norwalk, Connecticut at the age of 85.

## References
## Other websites
*
Alfie Curtis

**Alfie Curtis** (born 28 July 1930, died 30 November 2017) was a British actor. He was best known for the minor role as Dr. Cornelius Evazan in *Star Wars: A New Hope* (1977) whose line: *"I have the death sentence on twelve systems"* led the franchise's first use of a lightsaber in combat. He was also in *The Elephant Man* and *Take It or Leave It*. He was born in London.

Curtis died on 30 November 2017 in Billericay, Essex at the age of 87.

## References
## Other websites
*
F(x) (group)

**f(x)** () is a South Korean girl group formed by SM Entertainment in 2009. The group debuted as 5 with the song, *La Cha Ta*, which reached #3 on the GAON Charts. In 2014, member Sulli announced she would take a hiatus from the group to focus on acting, and left the group the following year. f(x) has been inactive since 2016 for unknown reasons. On October 14, 2019, Sulli died of suicide.

## Discography
### Albums
**Pinnochio* (2011)
**Pink Tape* (2013)
**Red Light* (2014)
**4 Walls* (2015)
### Extended plays
**NU ABO* (2010)
**Electric Shock* (2012)
### Non-album singles
**La Cha Ta* (2009)
**Chocolate Love* (2009)
**Chu* (2009)
**All Mine* (2016)
Shih Ming-teh

**Shih Ming-teh** (Chinese: 施明德; 15 January 1941 – 15 January 2024) was a Taiwanese statesman.

Shi was imprisoned as a political prisoner three times and sentenced to life imprisonment twice. He served a total of nearly 26 years in prison, so he was known as "Taiwan Mandela."

Shih served as the Chairman of the Democratic Progressive Party from 1993 to 1996.

He was the member of the Legislative Yuan from 1993 to 2002.

Shih died on 15 January 2024 of cancer at Taipei Veterans General Hospital, on his 83rd birthday.

## References
Wiltz (river)

The **Wiltz** is a river in Belgium and Luxembourg. It is a left tributary of the Sauer river. It is part of the drainage basin of the Rhine river.

## Geography
The Wiltz river has a length of , and a drainage basin with an area of .

### Course
The Wiltz starts in the Ardennes, in Bastogne, a municipality in the Belgian province of Luxembourg. The river is formed to the south of Bastogne by two small streams.

After a course of about  in Belgium, the river gets into Luxemboug flowing to the east through the Oesling region. In the village of *Niederwampach* (Clervaux canton), the river turns to the south.

In *Kautenbach*, commune of Kiischpelt (Wiltz canton), the Wiltz is joined by its main tributary, the **Clerve** (, ).

Finally, the Wiltz river flows into the Sauer river in Bourscheid, Diekirch canton.

## Gallery 

File:Wolz bei Schëmpech.jpg|The Wiltz in Schimpach.
File:Klierf Wolz zu Kautebaach.JPG|*Kautenbach*, where the Clerve joins the Wiltz.
File:Wiltz Benonchamps Harzy.jpg|Bridge over the Wiltz between Benonchamps and Harzy.

## Related pages
* List of rivers of Belgium
* List of rivers of Luxembourg
Alcee Hastings

**Alcee Lamar Hastings**  (September 5, 1936 &ndash; April 6, 2021) was an American politician and judge. He was the U.S. Representative for  from January 3, 1993 until April 6, 2021.  The district included most of the majority-black precincts in and around Fort Lauderdale and West Palm Beach.  He was a Democrat.

Hastings served as a judge on the United States District Court for the Southern District of Florida until his impeachment and removal due to Hastings being involved in bribery-related actions. He was nominated to the court by President Jimmy Carter in 1979.

In January 2019, Hastings was diagnosed with pancreatic cancer. He died from the disease in Boynton Beach, Florida on April 6, 2021 at the age of 84.

## References
## Other websites
*Congressman Alcee Hastings  official U.S. House site
*Alcee L. Hastings for Congress 
*
* 
*
Virgil van Dijk

**Virgil van Dijk** (born 8 July 1991) is a Dutch professional footballer. He plays as a centre-back for Premier League club Liverpool and the Netherlands national team. He was born in Breda, North Brabant.

Van Dijk began his career with Dutch team Groningen. He played there between 2011 and 2013. Then he moved to Scottish Premiership team Celtic. He won two league titles and a Scottish League Cup in both his seasons at Celtic. In 2015, he moved to Southampton of the Premier League. On 1 January 2018, van Dijk joined Liverpool.

## Career statistics
### Club
### International
:*Netherlands score listed first, score column indicates score after each Van Dijk goal.*
*Scottish League Cup: 2014–15

**Liverpool**
*Premier League: 2019–20 2024-25
*FA Cup: 2021–22
*EFL Cup: 2021–22
*FA Community Shield: 2022
*UEFA Champions League: 2018–19
*UEFA Super Cup: 2019
*FIFA Club World Cup: 2019

**Individual**
*PFA Players' Player of the Year: 2018–19
*PFA Team of the Year: 2018–19 Premier League, 2019–20 Premier League, 2021–22 Premier League
*PFA Player of the Month: November 2018
*Premier League Player of the Season: 2018–19
*Alan Hardaker Trophy: 2022
*UEFA Men's Player of the Year Award: 2018–19
*UEFA Champions League Defender of the Season: 2018–19
*UEFA Team of the Year: 2018, 2019, 2020
*UEFA Champions League Squad of the Season: 2017–18, 2018–19, 2019–20
*UEFA Champions League Team of the Season: 2021–22
*UEFA Nations League Finals Team of the Tournament: 2019
*Liverpool Fans' Player of the Season Award: 2018–19
*Liverpool Players' Player of the Season Award: 2018–19
*PFA Scotland Team of the Year: 2013–14, 2014–15
*Celtic Players' Player of the Year: 2013–14
*FIFA FIFPRO World 11: 2019, 2020, 2022
*IFFHS Men's World Team: 2019, 2020, 2022
*IFFHS World Team of the Decade: 2011–2020
*IFFHS UEFA Team of the Decade: 2011–2020
*ESM Team of the Year: 2018–19, 2019–20, 2021–22
*Football Supporters' Federation Player of the Year: 2019

## References
## Other websites
*Profile at the Liverpool F.C. website
*
*
Van Nuys

**Van Nuys** is a neighborhood in the central San Fernando Valley region of Los Angeles, California. As of 2022, the population is 112,086.

The town was founded in 1911 and named for Isaac Newton Van Nuys, one of its developers. It was annexed by Los Angeles on May 22, 1915.

## References
## Other websites
* Map of Los Angeles neighborhoods
Chuck Close

**Charles Thomas "Chuck" Close** (July 5, 1940 – August 19, 2021) was an American painter, artist and photographer.

## Early life
Close was born in Monroe, Washington. He was raised in Everett, Washington. Close studied at the University of Washington and at Yale University. He suffered from dyslexia.

## Career
Close achieved fame as a photorealist, through his massive-scale portraits. Close often paints abstract portraits of himself and others, which hang in collections internationally. Although a spinal artery collapse in 1988 left him severely paralyzed, he has continued to paint and produce work that remains sought after by museums and collectors.  Close also creates photo portraits using a very large format camera.

## Personal life
Close worked in Bridgehampton, New York and Long Beach, New York. He had two daughters with Leslie Rose. They divorced in 2011. 

Close married artist Sienna Shields in 2013. They divorced before his death.

Close was diagnosed with frontotemporal dementia in 2015. He died on August 19, 2021 in Oceanside, New York from congestive heart failure at the age of 81.

## Gallery

File:Close2 by Van Pelt.png

## References
## Other websites
* Personal Website
* Pace Gallery Page
* Chuck Close: Process & Collaboration
* Chuck Close at the Walker Art Center
Carmen Franco, 1st Duchess of Franco

**María del Carmen Franco y Polo, 1st Duchess of Franco, Grandee of Spain, Dowager Marquise of Villaverde** (14 September 1926 – 29 December 2017) was a Spanish noble. She was the only child of Spain's *Caudillo*, dictator General Francisco Franco and his wife Carmen Polo y Martínez-Valdés.

In Asturian fashion, she was known by many nicknames such as Nenuca, Carmelilla, Carmencita, Cotota and Morita. She was born in Oviedo, Asturias, Spain. In 1950, she married Cristóbal Martínez-Bordiú, 10th Marquis of Villaverde, a well known surgeon. In 1968 he conducted the first heart transplant operation in Spain. The couple had seven children. He died in 1998.

Franco died of lymphoma in Madrid on 29 December 2017 at the age of 91.

## References
## Other websites
*Universal Studios Newsreel for 8 April 1957: "18th anniversary of end of Spanish revolution in Spain, Franco and daughter watch soldiers, the *caudillo* looks on with pride, 18 years of peace and rebuilding".
Sid and Marty Krofft

**Sid Krofft** (born July 30, 1929) and **Marty Krofft** (April 9, 1937 &ndash; November 25, 2023) were a Canadian brother team of television creators and puppeteers. They were important figures in children's television and variety show programs in the U.S., particularly throughout the 1970s and early 1980s.

They are largely known for a unique brand of fantasy programs, often featuring large-headed puppets, high-concept plots, and largely use of low-budget special effects. The team also dominated the arena of celebrity music/variety programs during the period.

They helped design the characters and sets for Hanna-Barbera's *Banana Splits* (NBC, 1968-1970), the Kroffts' producing career began in 1969 with the landmark children's television series *H.R. Pufnstuf*.

Their works have included *The Bugaloos* (1970), *Lidsville* (1971), *Sigmund and the Sea Monsters* (1973-1975), *Land of the Lost* (1974), *The Lost Saucer* (1975), *Electra Woman and Dyna Girl* (1976), and *Wonderbug* (1976).

Marty Krofft died on November 25, 2023 in Los Angeles, California from kidney failure, aged 86.

## References
## Other websites
*
*
*The World of Sid and Marty Krofft
Zubin Mehta

**Zubin Mehta** (born 29 April 1936) is an Indian conductor of Western classical music. He is the music director of the Israel Philharmonic Orchestra (IPO). 

## Career
Mehta was Music Director of the Montreal Symphony Orchestra from 1961 to 1967, and Music Director of the Los Angeles Philharmonic Orchestra from 1962 to 1978, being the youngest music director ever for any major North American orchestra. In 1969, he was appointed Music Adviser to the Israel Philharmonic Orchestra and in 1981 Mehta became its permanent Music Director for Life.

In 2016, Mehta has been appointed as Honorary Conductor of the Teatro San Carlo, Naples.

In December 2016, the Israel Philharmonic announced that Mehta is to retire from his permanent position as music director in October 2019.

## Awards
The Government of India honoured Mehta in 1966 with the Padma Bhushan and in 2001 with India's second highest civilian award, the Padma Vibhushan.

In September 2006 the Kennedy Center announced Mehta as one of the recipients of that year's Kennedy Center Honors, presented on 2 December 2006 by President George W. Bush.

## References
## Other websites
* Official website
*
*
* Two interviews with Zubin Mehta by Bruce Duffie, 8 December 1993 and 29 February 1996
* Zubin Mehta interview on BBC Radio 4 *Desert Island Discs*, 6 July 1984
Bulgarian Communist Party

The **Bulgarian Communist Party** (Bulgarian: Българска комунистическа партия; shortened **BCP**) was the ruling political party in Bulgaria from 1946 until 1990.

The party led a coup against the tsarist government in 1944.

Todor Zhivkov was leader of the party and Bulgaria from 1954 until 1989. He was the longest-serving leader of any Eastern Bloc nation. The party's first leader was Dimitar Blagoev.

On 11 December 1989, leader Petar Mladenov announced that the party was giving up its guaranteed right to rule. In 1990, the party became much more moderate and was no longer a communist party. In April 1990, the party changed its name to the Bulgarian Socialist Party (BSP).

## References
Deaths in 2018

The following is a list of **notable deaths in 2018**. For notable deaths for each month, please see "Months".  Names under each date are reported in alphabetical order by last name or pseudonym. Deaths of non-humans are reported here also if notable.

## Months
* January
* February
* March
* April
* May
* June
* July
* August
* September
* October
* November
* December

## Related pages
* Deaths in 2014
* Deaths in 2015
* Deaths in 2016
* Deaths in 2017
* Deaths in 2019
* Deaths in 2020
* Deaths in 2021
* Deaths in 2022
* Deaths in 2023

## Other websites
**The Guardian*, UK obituaries
**The Telegraph* obituaries
*Obituaries, *Chicago Tribune*
*Obituaries, *Los Angeles Times*
**The New York Times*, US obituaries
**The Washington Post* obituaries
**The Sydney Morning Herald*, Australian obituaries
Recy Taylor

**Recy Elisabeth Taylor** (December 31, 1919 &ndash; December 28, 2017) was an African-American kidnapping and rape victim and activist. 

## Incident
On September 3, 1944, she was kidnapped while leaving church and gang-raped by six white men. Even though the men admitted the rape to authorities, two grand juries subsequently declined to indict the men, meaning no charges were ever brought against her six assailants.

In 2011, the Alabama House of Representatives apologised on behalf of the state "for its failure to prosecute her attackers."

## Death
Taylor died of congestive heart failure in her sleep at a nursing home in Abbeville, Alabama on December 28, 2017, just three days before her 98th birthday.

## References
## Other websites
* Treading the Tightrope of Jim Crow; Montgomery NAACP. *The Rebellious Life of Mrs. Rosa Parks.*
Hulst

).]]

**Hulst**, Zeelandic and East Flemish: ''('t) Ulst*, is a municipality and village in Zeeuws-Vlaanderen, Province of Zeeland, the Netherlands.

About 27,000 people were living in the municipality in 2017.
About 11,000 people were living in the village in 2017.

The municipality borders the Western Scheldt, and the Belgian Province of East Flanders.

Hulst received city rights in 1180.

The nature reserve of the Drowned Land of Saeftinghe (Dutch: *Verdronken land van Saeftinghe'') lies in the municipality.

## Other websites 
*
Terneuzen

**Terneuzen**, Zeelandic and East Flemish: *Terneuzen* or *Neuzen*, is a municipality and town in Zeeuws-Vlaanderen, Province of Zeeland, the Netherlands.

About 55,000 people were living in the municipality in 2017.
About 25,000 people were living in the town in 2015.

The municipality borders the Western Scheldt, and the Belgian Province of East Flanders.

Terneuzen received city rights in 1584.

The south entrance of the Western Scheldt Tunnel is in Terneuzen.

## Other websites 
*
Sluis

**Sluis**, Zeelandic and West Flemish: *Sluus*, is a municipality and village in Zeeuws-Vlaanderen, Province of Zeeland, the Netherlands. It was formed in 2003 from two smaller towns.

About 24,000 people were living in the municipality in 2017.About 2,400 people were living in the village in 2014.

About 23,000 people lived in the municipality in 2021.

The municipality borders the Western Scheldt and the North Sea, and also the Belgian Provinces of West and East Flanders.

Sluis received city rights in 1290.

## Other websites 
*
Action camera

soldier jumping off an airplane, with an action camera screwed on top of his helmet to film his jump]]

An **action camera** is a small video camera made for sticking to a person while playing sport or traveling on a vehicle. This kind of camera is for used for filming an event in a way that people watching the film feel like they are looking from the eyes of person who are doing activities in the event themselves (first-person perspective). While action camera is made for filming, it can also take pictures. All films and pictures it took will be kept on a tiny card that you can pull them out and watch them later.

Action camera is made to be small and very light, so that a person who wear it does not feel its weight while doing his or her things. And it usually uses wide-angle lens to film as many details around as possible. Inside the camera, there is a battery that lasts long enough for you to film for few hours. Action camera is also made to be stronger than normal video camera, so that it keeps filming even when the wearing person moves at high speed or crashes into something.

Camera sellers usually give you a hard clear plastic box that fits with the camera when you buy it. When they do, you should store the camera in this box every time you are going to film something. This box will have holes, a belt, or a metal rod which you can use for tying it to a person, or screwing it on an object that person wears (usually a helmet). Some kind of these boxes can stop water from coming into it when closed, so you may use them to film under water without breaking the camera as well.

## Related pages 
* Dashboard camera, which looks like an action camera, but made for sticking on a vehicle instead of person.
* Webcam, a small video camera that is made to be used with a computer.
Michael Massee

**Michael Groo Massee** (September 1, 1952 – October 20, 2016) was an American actor. He was born in Kansas City, Missouri. Massee was perhaps best known for accidentally shooting Brandon Lee during the filming of the 1994 movie *The Crow*. He was also known for his role as Ira Gaines in *24* and The Gentleman in the 2012 movie *The Amazing Spider-Man*. He also reprised this role in the 2014 sequel *The Amazing Spider-Man 2*.

Massee died of stomach cancer in Los Angeles on October 20, 2016 at the age of 64.

## References 
## Other websites 
*
Oberbruck

**Oberbruck** is a commune in the Haut-Rhin department of east France.

## Related pages
* Communes of the Haut-Rhin department

## References
*INSEE commune file
Erica Garner

**Erica Garner** (May 29, 1990 – December 30, 2017) was an American activist. She fought for police reform, especially in the use of force during arrests. Garner became involved in activism after her father, Eric Garner, died in 2014. A New York City police officer put him in a chokehold during an arrest and killed him.

Garner said that she believed her father's death had more to do with police misconduct than race, and in 2017, she rejected a meeting with the United States Justice Department to discuss the police killing her father.  

During the 2016 Democratic Party presidential primaries, Garner supported Bernie Sanders, and appeared in an advertisement for him.

Garner died in a Brooklyn hospital while in a coma after she had a serious heart attack on December 30, 2017. She was 27 years old.

## References
Jean-Pierre Lehmann

on East Asia in 2009]]
**Jean-Pierre Lehmann** (29 August 1945 &ndash; 21 December 2017) was an American-born Swiss economist. He was born in Washington, D.C.. He was professor of international political economy at IMD and the founding director of The Evian Group at IMD. In August 2011, he was appointed senior fellow at the Fung Global Institute  (FGI).

Lehmann died on 21 December 2017 of a pulmonary embolism in Lausanne, Switzerland at the age of 72.

## References
## Other websites
* www.imd.org/eviangroup  (Evian Group @ IMD Official Website) 
* www.imd.org
* www.fungglobalinstitute.org
John C. Portman Jr.

**John Calvin Portman Jr.** (December 4, 1924 – December 29, 2017) was an American neofuturistic architect and real estate developer. He was born in Walhalla, South Carolina. He was known for popularizing hotels and office buildings with multi-storied interior atria.

Portman also had a large impact on the cityscape of his hometown of Atlanta, with the Peachtree Center, Hyatt, Westin, and Marriott hotels.

Portman died on December 29, 2017 in Atlanta of heart failure, aged 93.

## References
## Other websites
* Portmanusa.com: website of the Portman architectural firm 
* Portmanholdings.com: website of the Portman real estate development firm
* Johnportmanfilm.com: 'John Portman: A Life of Building'  — ''film about Portman's life and works, aired on PBS stations in June 2013''.
Khalid Shameem Wynne

**Khalid Shameem Wynne** (28 August 1953 – 30 December 2017) was a Pakistani four star general. Wynne served as the 14th Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Committee before retiring on 7 October 2013. 

Before to his promotion, the official statement said that "General Wynne was appointed as Chairman Joint Chiefs of Staff Committee by President Asif Ali Zardari, on the advice of Prime Minister Yousuf Raza Gilani."

He also served as field operational Commander of the XII Corps in Quetta from 2007 till 2010, overseeing the Baloch insurgency and the fallout of the war in the Tribal Areas.

Wynne was killed in a car crash near Chakri, Punjab, Pakistan on 30 December 2017. He was 64 years old.

## References
Yacht charter

**Yacht chartering** is the renting a sailboat or motor yacht for sea traveling. This is a vacation activity, but it can be a corporate event.

There are two main kinds of the charter: bareboat and skippered. Bareboat charters are when a person is renting a boat and skippering it themselves. Skippered charter meaning that boat comes with a skipper but no additional crew.

Crewed charter means that the yacht is rented with a full crew. Usually the crew is based on the specific yacht. A captain, a chef, a decks hand and a hostess are a typical crew. In many destinations the crewed charter is taxed differently from a Skippered charter.

## References
George Walker (composer)

**George Theophilus Walker** (June 27, 1922 – August 23, 2018) was an African-American composer, educator and autobiographer. He was the first to win the Pulitzer Prize for Music. He received the Pulitzer for his work *Lilacs* in 1996.

## Early life 
Walker was born in Washington, D.C.. He studied at Oberlin College.

## Career 
Walker taught music at Columbia University, Wayne State University, Wellesley College, Temple University, Washington University in St. Louis, Williams College and Montclair State University.

In 1946, Walker composed his String Quartet no. 1. A string orchestra arrangement of the second movement of that work received its world premiere in a radio broadcast that was conducted by pianist Seymour Lipkin.

Walker was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Letters in 1999. The following year, Walker was inducted into the American Classical Music Hall of Fame.

Washington, D.C. Mayor Marion Barry proclaimed June 17, 1997 as “George Walker Day”. in the nation's capitol.

His autobiography, "Reminiscences of an American Composer and Pianist", was released in 2009 by Scarecrow Press.

## Personal life 
Walker was the father of two sons, violinist and composer Gregory T.S. Walker, and playwright Ian Walker.

Walker died on August 23, 2018 from a fall at a hospital in Montclair, New Jersey at the age of 96.

## References 
## Other websites 
*George Walker official website 
*A 2017 Conversation with George Walker (includes video excerpts) 
*George Walker interview by Bruce Duffie
*2012 George Walker interview by Ethan Iverson
*George Theophilus Walker, African American Composer & Pianist at AfriClassical.com
*George Walker, Composer   Documentary produced by NJTV
Christine King Farris

**Christine King Farris** (born **Willie Christine King**; September 11, 1927 – June 29, 2023) was the oldest child of Martin Luther King, Sr. and the sister of Martin Luther King, Jr.. 

She taught at Spelman College and was the author of several books and a public speaker on many topics. For many years, she was the Vice Chair and Treasurer of the King Center and has been active for several years in the International Reading Association, and many church and civic organizations, including the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People and the Southern Christian Leadership Conference. 

King Farris held a tenure professorship at Spelman College for 48 years before her retirement in 2014. She died on June 29, 2023.

## References
## Other websites
*Young MLK The Tavis Smiley Show, January 15, 2003
*Education Update Interview with Christine King Farris 
*Honoring Willie Christine King Farris’ 80th Birthday
J. Joseph Curran Jr.

**J. Joseph Curran Jr.** (born July 7, 1931) is an American politician. He is the longest serving elected Attorney General (1987 to 2007) in Maryland history, and the fourth Lieutenant Governor of Maryland from 1983 to 1987. His son-in-law, Martin J. O'Malley, served as the 61st Governor of Maryland.

## References
María Vicuña

**Maria Alejandra Vicuña** (born 13 February 1978) is an Ecuadorean politician. She is the Vice President of Ecuador under President Lenin Moreno from 2 October 2017 until 2018. She also served as the Housing and Urban Development Minister of Ecuador until 6 January 2018.

## Notes
## References
Hans Frauenfelder

**Hans Frauenfelder** (born July 28, 1922) is a Swiss-American physicist and biophysicist. He is known for his discovery of perturbed angular correlation (PAC) in 1951. In the modern day, PAC spectroscopy is widely used in the study of condensed matter physics.  

Frauenfelder was born in Schaffhausen, Switzerland. He studied at ETH Zurich.

Within biophysics, he is known for experiment and theory in understanding the dynamical behavior of protein tertiary structure. In 1992, Frauenfelder won the Max Delbruck Prize.

Frauenfelder is a member of the National Academy of Sciences, the American Philosophical Society, and a Foreign Member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences.

## References
## Other websites
* References on Perturbed Angular Correlation (PAC)
* PAC Spectroscopy 
* Frauenfelder's homepage 
* Frauenfelder's math genealogy
Alain Touraine

**Alain Touraine** (; 3 August 1925 &ndash; 9 June 2023) was a French sociologist.  He was the research director at the École des hautes études en sciences sociales. He founded the ''Centre d'étude des mouvements sociaux''. He was best known for being the originator of the term "post-industrial society".

He was elected a member of the Academia Europaea in 1990.

Touraine died in Paris, France on 9 June 2023, at the age of 97.

## References
## Other websites
* Answers.com on Alain Touraine
* Jacques Hamel compares aspects of Pierre Bourdieu and Alain Touraine
* Comments of Touraine at Forum Barcelona 2004
Type 56 assault rifle

The **Type 56** is a Chinese assault rifle which is a copy of the Soviet AK-47 assault rifle. The Type 56 was first used by the North Vietnamese Army and Viet Cong during the Vietnam War along with the Soviet AK-47 and AKM assault rifles. The Type 56 is used by many armies and battlefields in Africa, Western Asia and Asia.

## Variants 
* Type 56: Copy of the AK-47.
* Type 56-1: Copy of the AKS-47.
* Type 56-2: Same as the Type 56-1 but with a side folding stock instead of a under folding stock.

## Users 
The Type 56 assault rifle is used in many countries. These include:
## Users
* 
*  Locally produced under small modification of the Albanian Army needs. Main armament of the army until recently when it's being replaced with ARX-160, and M4A1.
*
* 
* 
*  Boko Haram : Type 56 and Type 56-1
* 
* 
* : Burundian rebels.
* 
* 
* 
* 
* 
* 
* 
* 
* 
* 
* : Purchased in the 1990's and used by Finnish Army rerserve personnel. Now in long-term storage.
* 
*
* 
* 
* 
* 
* 
* : Used by the Nepalese Army and formerly by the People's Liberation Army rebels
* : Contras.
* 
* 
* 
* 
* 
* : South Sudan Liberation Movement, South Sudan Democratic Movement, Sudan People's Liberation Army and Lou Nuer militias.
* 
* 
* 
** Lord Resistance Army
* 
* 

## References
William Wright

**Sir William Thompson Wright** (September 1927 – 24 July 2022) was a Northern Irish business owner and former Unionist politician. Wright grew up in Ballymena.

In the 1970s, Wright joined the Vanguard Unionist Progressive Party, and was elected as its Chairman.  He stood for the party in North Antrim at the Northern Ireland Constitutional Convention election in 1975, and was elected.  He later followed the party leaders in joining the Ulster Unionist Party (UUP), and was elected to Ballymena Borough Council.

In the 2011 Birthday Honours, he was awarded the CBE. In the 2018 Queen's Honours list, he received a knighthood.
He died in the early hours of 24 July 2022.

## References
Rampage (2018 movie)

***Rampage*** is an American science fiction monster movie directed by Brad Peyton. It is loosely based on the video game series of the same name by Midway Games. The movie stars Dwayne Johnson, Naomie Harris, Malin Åkerman, Joe Manganiello, Jake Lacy, P. J. Byrne, Marley Shelton, and Jeffrey Dean Morgan.

It is produced by Warner Bros. and set in Chicago, Illinois. 

New Line Cinema will release the movie on April 20, 2018 in 3D and IMAX.

## References
## Other websites
*
MusicBrainz

**MusicBrainz** is an music database. It is similar to the freedb project that aims to start an open data music database. The database captures information about artists, their recorded works, and start the relationships between them.

## Client software 
* Amarok — KDE audio player
* Banshee — multi-platform audio player
* Beets — automatic CLI music tagger/organiser for Unix-like systems
* Clementine — multi-platform audio player
* CDex — Microsoft Windows CD ripper
* Demlo — a dynamic and extensible music manager using a CLI
* iEatBrainz — Mac OS X, deprecated
* foo_musicbrainz component for foobar2000 — music library/pudio Player
* Jaikoz — Java mass tag editor
* Max — Mac OS X CD ripper and audio transcoder
* Mp3tag — Windows metadata editor and music organizer
* MusicBrainz Picard — cross-platform album-oriented tag editor
* MusicBrainz Tagger — deprecated Microsoft Windows tag editor
* puddletag — a tag editor for PyQt under the GPLv3
* Rhythmbox music player — an audio player for Unix-like systems
* Sound Juicer — GNOME CD ripper
* Zortam Mp3 Media Studio — Windows music organizer and ID3 tag editor

Freedb clients could also access MusicBrainz data through the freedb protocol by using the MusicBrainz to FreeDB gateway service, mb2freedb. The gateway was shut down on March 18, 2019.

## References
## Other websites 
*  – official site
* MusicBrainz info at the BBC Music site
International Biographical Centre

The **International Biographical Centre** is a publisher that specializes in producing biographical publications such as the *Dictionary of International Biography*, *Great Men and Women of Science* and the other Vanity Awards. It owned by Melrose Press Ltd. It is in Ely, Cambridgeshire in the United Kingdom.

## Biographical reference books
* *2000 Outstanding Europeans of the 21st Century*
* *2000 Outstanding Intellectuals of the 20th Century*
* *2000 Outstanding Intellectuals of the 21st Century*
* *2000 Outstanding Scientists - 2010*
* *The Cambridge Blue Book*
* *Dictionary of International Biography*
* *Great Men and Women of Science*
* ''International Who's Who in Music*
* *Men of achievement*
* *Outstanding People of the 20th Century*
* *Outstanding People of the 21st Century*
* *Outstanding Scientists of the 21st Century*
* *Who’s Who in the 21st Century*
* *World Who's Who of Women''

## References
## Other websites
* International Biographical Centre website
* Photos of some of the IBC medals
*
Dhaka International Film Festival

**Dhaka International Film Festival** (**DIFF**) is a biennial movie festival held in Dhaka, Bangladesh. It was established in 1992.

## Awards
The festival authority chooses and invites Asian and Australian movies to participate in different sections. The sections are:
*Retrospective
*Cinema of the World
*Women Filmmakers
*Children’s Film
*Short and Independent
*Spiritual Films

## Other websites
*www.dhakafilmfestival.org Official Website
*
Christine Lakin

**Christine Lakin** (born January 25, 1979 in Dallas) is an American actress. She is best known for acting on the ABC television situation-comedy *Step by Step*. 

## Other websites
The Centaurus

**The Centaurus** is a 64 floored skyscraper in Jinnah Avenue, F-8/4, Islamabad, Pakistan. It was designed by  WS Atkins, a British architect and his partners. It is made of 3 skyscrapers with a 36-storey hotel, 23-storey offices and 5-storey shopping mall. The Centaurus' construction started in  2005 and finished in 2011.

The Centaurus Shopping Mall has different shops and on the forth floor, there is the food court with food restaurants including McDonald's and KFC. It also includes the **Fun City** and **Cineplex.**

## References
Payerne

**Payerne** is a municipality of the Swiss canton of Vaud. It was the capital of the district of Payerne, and is now part of the district of Broye-Vully.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Official website
Rongellen

**Rongellen** is a municipality of the district Hinterrhein in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland.

## References
## Other websites
* Official Website
Gerd Cintl

**Gerd Cintl** (11 December 1938 – 26 December 2017) was a German rower. He competed for the United Team of Germany in the 1960 Summer Olympics. He was born in Düsseldorf, Germany. In 1960, he was a crew member of the German boat which won the gold medal in the coxed fours event.

Cintl died on 26 December 2017 at the age of 79.

## References
Didier Burkhalter

**Didier Burkhalter** (born April 17, 1960) is a Swiss politician. He was born in Neuchâtel, Switzerland. Burkhalter is a member of FDP.The Liberals. He was elected as a member of the Swiss Federal Council on 16 September 2009. He succeeded Pascal Couchepin on 1 November 2009 when he became head of the Federal Department of Home Affairs (the Swiss interior minister). Since 1 January 2012, he serves as head of the Department of Foreign Affairs. In 2014, he was President of the Swiss Confederation. He served as Chairman-in-Office of the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE) in 2014. He left the Federal Council on 31 October 2017 (replaced by Ignazio Cassis).

## References
## Other websites
*
*Presidential year 2014 
*Swiss OSCE Chairmanship 2014 
*Curriculum Vitae of Federal Councillor Didier Burkhalter 
*FDFA Homepage 
*

|-

|-

|-

|-
Coalisland

**Coalisland** (Irish: **Oileán an Ghuail**) is a small town in County Tyrone, Ulster, Northern Ireland. Its district for parliament and football is Mid Ulster.  Four miles from Lough Neagh, it was formerly a centre for coal mining. It was the site of several armed conflicts between 1969 and 2001 during the Troubles.

## References
Arson in royal dockyards

**Arson in royal dockyards** was a crime in the United Kingdom and the British Empire.  The crime was made by the **Dockyards etc. Protection Act 1772** (12 Geo. 3&nbsp;c.24) passed by the Parliament of Great Britain and was made to protect Royal Dockyards and ships from arson attacks.

It remained one of the few crimes punished with death after reform of the death penalty in 1861, and this stayed in effect even after the death penalty was stopped for murder in 1969. However, the crime was then removed from law by the Criminal Damage Act 1971.

## Case of John the Painter 
, hanged for committing arson in a royal dockyard in 1777.]]
Only one prosecution was brought under the Act. In that case, the Scottish saboteur John the Painter (also known as James Hill or John Aitken) was prosecuted and executed in 1777 for setting the rope house at Portsmouth Royal Dockyard on fire. He was hanged from the mizzenmast of the frigate , the highest gallows erected in British history.

## References
Prince François, Count of Clermont

**Prince François of Orléans, Count of Clermont** (born **François Henri Louis Marie**; 7 February 1961 – 31 December 2017) was the eldest son of Orleanist pretender to the French throne, Prince Henri, Count of Paris, Duke of France and his former wife Duchess Marie Therese of Württemberg.

His mother suffered from toxoplasmosis during pregnancy, resulting in Prince François being mentally disabled, as is his younger sister, Princess Blanche. Because of his illness, his father named his second son, Prince Jean, Duke of Vendôme, as Dauphin of France (his heir).

On 31 December 2017, Prince Jean reported that Francis had died in France at the age of 56.

## References
Adrienne Shelly

**Adrienne Shelly** (also known as **Adrienne Levine**; June 24, 1966 – November 1, 2006) was an American actress, movie director and screenwriter. Shelly was born in Queens, New York.

She wrote, co-starred in and directed the 2007 movie *Waitress*. She was also known for her roles in independent movies.

In 2000, Shelly won a U.S. Comedy Arts Festival Film Discovery Jury Award. She won the award for the 1999 movie ''I'll Take You There*. Shelly also guest-starred in *Law & Order* and *Oz''.

## Murder and trial 
On November 1, 2006, Shelly was found hanging in the shower of her Greenwich Village work studio apartment. It was originally thought she had killed herself. But an illegal immigrant from Ecuador, a construction worker, confessed to killing Shelly. He was later sentenced to 25 years in prison for first-degree manslaughter.

## References
Henri, Count of Paris (1933–2019)

'''Henri d'Orléans, Count of Paris, Duke of France'* (*Henri Philippe Pierre Marie d'Orléans''; 14 June 1933 &ndash; 21 January 2019), was head of the House of Orléans. He was one of the pretenders to the defunct French crown as **Henry VII**. 

Henri was a descendant in the male-line of France's "Citizen-King" Louis-Philippe d'Orléans (ruled 1830–1848), he was also recognized as the legitimate claimant to the throne by those French royalists, called Unionists, who call him as the rightful heir of Henri de Bourbon, Count of Chambord, the last patrilineal descendant of King Louis XV.

Henri of Orléans was a military officer as well as an author and painter.

## References
Cheryll Sotheran

**Dame Cheryll Beatrice Sotheran** (1945 – 30 December 2017) was a New Zealand museum professional. She was the founding Chief Executive of the Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa and was thanked with the successful completion of the museum, considered the largest international museum project of the 1990s. Sotheran resigned from Te Papa for health reasons in 2002.

In 2013,  Sotheran suffered a stroke. She died in Auckland on 30 December 2017 from an unknown long-illness and stroke-related complications, aged 72.

## References
Flag of Egypt

in Island Harbour, England]]

The **flag of Egypt** (Egyptian Arabic: علم مصر) has three equal horizontal bands of red, white, and black with the national emblem (a gold Eagle of Saladin facing the hoist side with a shield superimposed on its chest above a scroll bearing the name of the country in Arabic) centered in the white band.
J. Richard Clarke

**John Richard Clarke** (born April 4, 1927) has been a general authority of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) since 1976. He has been a member of the church's presiding bishopric and a member of the Presidency of the Seventy. 

Clarke was born in Rexburg, Idaho.

Clarke served as a bishop, stake president, and regional representative in Idaho. He also returned to South Africa as the president of the church's South Africa Cape Town Mission.

From 1998 to 2001, Clarke was president of the church's Laie Hawaii Temple.

## References
## Other websites
*Grampa Bill's G.A. Pages: J. Richard Clarke
John Clarke (actor)

**John Clarke** (April 14, 1932 &ndash; October 16, 2019) was an American actor. 

Clarke was known for his role as Mickey Horton on the NBC soap opera *Days of Our Lives* for 39 years, beginning with the debut of the program in 1965, until he retired early in 2004 because of health concerns. Clarke was replaced in the role by John Ingle, who left the program in 2006.

His daughter was actress Melinda Clarke, who started out on *Days of our Lives*.

In 2005, Clarke received the Daytime Emmys Lifetime Achievement Award.

Clarke died of pneumonia-related problems in Laguna Beach, California on October 16, 2019 at the age of 88.

## References
## Other websites
*
Tessa Jowell

**Tessa Jane Helen Douglas Jowell, Baroness Jowell** (*née* **Palmer** 17 September 1947 &ndash; 12 May 2018) was an English Labour Party politician.

Jowell was the Member of Parliament (MP) for Dulwich and West Norwood from 1992 to 2015. Her most senior position in Government was as Secretary of State for Culture, Media and Sport, a post she held from 2001 to 2007. 

Jowell member of both the Blair and Brown Cabinets, she was also Minister for the Olympics (2005–2010) and Shadow Minister for the Olympics and Shadow Minister for London until September 2012, resigning after the London Olympic Games.

In September 2015, she was unsuccessful in seeking to be selected as the Labour Party's official candidate in the 2016 election for Mayor of London, coming second to Sadiq Khan in the contest of six candidates.

In September 2017, Jowell announced she had been diagnosed with brain cancer. Jowell died on 12 May 2018 in Shipston-on-Stour, Warwickshire of a cerebral hemorrhage caused by the disease at the age of 70.

## References
John Clarke (satirist)

**John Morrison Clarke** (29 July 1948 – 9 April 2017) was a New Zealand-born Australian comedian, writer, and satirist. He was born in Palmerston North, New Zealand. He lived in Australia from the late 1970s. He was a well known actor and writer. His work appeared on the Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC) in both radio and television and also in print.

In 1982, he was nominated for an AFI award for co-writing the acclaimed Paul Cox movie *Lonely Hearts*.

During the 1980s and early 1990s, Clarke featured in several movies, including *Never Say Die*, *Death in Brunswick*, alongside another New Zealand actor, Sam Neill, and *Blood Oath*.

Clarke was also known for his mock interviews for *A Current Affair* until 1997, satirising a range of figures including Paul Keating, Alexander Downer, George Bush, and Alan Bond. After a break, the pair reappeared on ABC TV's *The 7.30 Report* in a similar format.

Clarke died while walking in the Grampians National Park in the Australian state of Victoria on 9 April 2017. He was 68. He died because of the heart attack.

## References
June Brown

**June Muriel Brown**, MBE (16 February 1927 – 3 April 2022) was an English actress. She was known for her role as Dot Cotton in the long-running BBC soap opera *EastEnders*, a part she played from 1985 to 1993, and again from 1997 to 2020.

## References
## Other websites
*
2017 UK Independence Party leadership election

The **2017 UK Independence Party leadership election** was held on 29 September 2017. UKIP members voted for who they want to lead the party. Henry Bolton won the election after receiving 30% of the vote.

The election was called for after the party's poor performance in the 2017 general election.

Nigel Farage decided not to run for the UKIP leadership position.

## Candidates 
* Henry Bolton, former British Army office and police officer.
* Jane Collins, a UKIP MEP.
* David Kurten, a UKIP member of the London Assembly.
* Aidan Powlesland
* John Rees-Evans
* Anne Marie Waters, anti-Islam activist.
* Peter Whittle, Deputy Leader of UKIP.

## Results 
## After the election 
Bolton said that his victory stopped UKIP from becoming a fascist party. Waters left UKIP and created her own political party, For Britain, in October. Rees-Evans also left UKIP and created his own political party, Affinity.

## References