open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Streptokinase

**Streptokinase** (**STK**) is a thrombolytic medication used to dissolve blood clots (thrombolysis) in human body. Streptokinase is used mainly treat heart attacks (myocardial infarction). There are 2 main types of heart attacks. STEMI and non-STEMI and Streptokinase is only used in STEMI type heart attacks after confirming with an ECG. It is given as an injection into a vein.

## Uses 
* Heart attack (STEMI Type)
* Pulmonary embolism - Blood clots in arteries of Lungs
* Arterial thromboembolism - Blood clots formed in arteries

## Side effects 
Common side effects of Streptokinase are;

* Nausea
* Bleeding tendency
* Low blood pressure
* Allergic reactions

It is not recommended to use streptokinase during the lifetime of a person more than once due to the risk of developing allergic reactions. Streptokinase is no longer used in hospitals to treat heart attacks in many countries including United States. This is because it has been replaced by a medication called Tenecteplase, which has less side effects.

## References
Lydia Bailey

***Lydia Bailey*** is a 1952 American historical adventure movie directed by Jean Negulesco and was based on the 1947 novel of the same name by Kenneth Roberts. It stars Dale Robertson, Anne Francis and was distributed by 20th Century Fox.

## Other websites 
*
Ben Chaplin

**Ben Chaplin** (born **Benedict John Greenwood**; 31 July 1969) is an English actor. He was born in Windsor, Berkshire. He is known for his role as a servant in *The Remains of the Day*. He also starred as Con Wainwright in *Feast of July* (1995) and as Tom Wingfield in Sam Mendes' stage production of *The Glass Menagerie*.

## References
## Other websites
*
Fayette County, Tennessee

**Fayette County** is a county located in the U.S. state of Tennessee. In the 2020 census, 41,990 people lived there. The county seat is Somerville.

## References
The Remains of the Day (movie)

***The Remains of the Day*** is a 1993 British-American drama movie. It is based from the Booker Prize-winning 1989 novel of the same name by Kazuo Ishiguro. The movie was directed by James Ivory, produced by Ismail Merchant, Mike Nichols, and John Calley.

It stars Anthony Hopkins as James Stevens and Emma Thompson as Miss Kenton, with James Fox, Christopher Reeve, Hugh Grant, Michael Lonsdale, Paul Copley and Ben Chaplin in supporting roles.

The movie was nominated for eight Academy Awards, including Best Picture, Best Actor (Hopkins), Best Actress (Thompson) and Best Adapted Screenplay (Jhabvala). 

In 1999, the British Film Institute ranked *The Remains of the Day* the 64th greatest British film of the 20th century.

*The Remains of the Day* (film)  https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Remains_of_the_Day_(film)

## References
Dee Dee Myers

**Margaret Jane "Dee Dee" Myers** (born September 1, 1961) is an American political analyst. She was the 19th White House Press Secretary from January 20, 1993 until December 22, 1994 and was the first female press secretary.
Tawern

**Tawern** is a municipality in the Trier-Saarburg district, in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.

## References 
## Other websites 
*
Tuğçe San

**Tuğçe San** (born 24 December 1971, Izmir) is a Turkish singer, musician. She first became known with her song "Neredesin?" ("Where are you?") in 1996.

## Albums
**Tuğçe San* (1996)
**Ha Ha Ha* (1997)
**Devam Devam* (1998)
### Hit Songs 
* "Neredesin?" (1996)
* "Güneşten Sıcak" (1996)
* "Ha Ha Ha" (1997)
* "Tempo" (1998)

## References
## Other websites
* turkpopmuzik.net  page
Right-wing populism

**Right-wing populism** is a political ideology that uses populist rhetoric and themes to promote right-wing politics. According to the definition of Dutch political scientist Cas Mudde, populism is a political ideology that divides society into two antagonistic entities: the people and the elites. From the right-wing perspective, political elites and the State are intrinsically corrupt and bureaucratic, therefore there is a rhetoric that appeals to individuals who identify with "anti-State" policies and the view that individuals with different political views are adversaries (commonly associating the later with globalism or the far-left). 

Much like left-wing populism, right-wing populism employs sentiments against elitism, opposition to the Establishment, and a discourse that seeks the sympathy of "ordinary people". However, right-wing populists generally focus on cultural issues, often claiming to defend traditional values and national identity against progressivism and multiculturalism while left-wing populists more often employ economic arguments and attack neoliberalism and the role of large corporations in society. and against measures such as lockdowns and mandatory vaccination. Crime is also a recurring issue among them, with their defense of law and order usually being punitivist. 

Notable right-wing populists include Jair Bolsonaro, Tucker Carlson, Marine Le Pen, Conor McGregor, Javier Milei, Viktor Orbán, Vladimir Putin, Andrew Tate, and Donald Trump. 

In the United States, right-wing populism has become notable since the Tea Party movement formed during the Great Recession. It was adopted by Donald Trump to win the 2016 United States presidential election, and is currently being used to win the 2024 United States presidential election. 

## References
Russian desman

The **Russian desman** (*Desmana moschata*) is a type of mammal in the family Talpidae. It is the largest type of mole. It is found in the Volga, Don and Ural River basins in Russia, Ukraine and Kazakhstan. It digs burrows into the banks of ponds and slow-moving streams. It prefers small, overgrown ponds with lots of insects, crayfish and amphibians. The Russian desman often lives in small groups of two to five of them that are usually not related.

## References
Santa Claus, Arizona

**Santa Claus** (also known as **Santa Claus Acres**) is a ghost town in Mohave County, Arizona, United States.

Santa Claus was started in 1937, it lies about  northwest of Kingman, Arizona, along U.S. Route 93 between mile markers 57 and 58, immediately north of Hermit Drive and just south of both Grasshopper Junction, Arizona, and the Junk Art of Chloride, a group of metal statues in Chloride, Arizona, that include a flamingo made out of a motorcycle gas tank. Characterized in 1988 as "a little roadside place on the west shoulder of U.S. Route 93,"

## References
American shrew mole

The **American shrew mole** (*Neurotrichus gibbsii*) is the smallest species of mole. It is the only living member of the genus *Neurotrichus* and the tribe Neurotrichini. It is also known as '''Gibb's shrew mole** and **least shrew mole'''.

## References
Asian house shrew

The **Asian house shrew** (*Suncus murinus*) is a type of shrew. It is native to South and Southeast Asia. It is the largest type of shrew. It is a least concern species. It has been introduced in several West Asian and East African countries. It is an invasive species.

## Description 
The Asian house shrew is 100&nbsp;mm and 150&nbsp;mm long. An adult female weighs between 23.5 g and 82.0 g. An adult male weighs from 33.2 g to 147.3 g. It has short, dense fur. It is mid-grey to brownish-grey color.

## Distribution and Habitat 
The Asian house shrew is native to South and Southeast Asia. It was introduced to eastern Africa, Arabia, Madagascar, the Philippines and other islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans.

## Relationships with humans 
It helps to control the population of many pests. It is an invasive species. They compete with many types of plants and animals. It is also a pest. It can damage food and other materials found in homes and businesses.

## References
Desman

The **desman** is an insectivore in the mole family, the Talpidae. 

It is a diving insectivore. It is in the tribe **Desmanini** (and subfamily **Desmaninae**). The tribe has only two  species in Eurasia. There is one in Russia and the other in the northwest of the Iberian peninsula and Pyrenees. Both species are vulnerable.
Ildefons Cerdà

**Ildefons Cerdà i Sunyer** (23 December 1815 – 21 August 1876) was a Catalan-Spanish urban planner, civil engineer, politician. He developed new urban theories, including the extension plan of Barcelona 19th-century.

## Other websites 
*Ildefons Cerdà. Personalitat i ideologia
*Biography 
*Fifteen articles on Ildefons Cerdà, his work and its impact on the City of Barcelona, Barcelona Metropolis, Autumn 2009.
Ayl

**Ayl** is a municipality in the Trier-Saarburg district, in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. As of 31 December 2019, 1,544 people lived there.

## Other websites 
* Official website
Hancock County, Tennessee

**Hancock County** is a county located in the U.S. state of Tennessee. In the 2020 census, 6,662 people lived there. The county seat is Sneedville.

## References
Mountain mist frog

The **mountain mist frog**, **Henrietta Creek tree frog** or **Nyakala frog** (*Ranoidea nyakalensis*) is a frog from Australia.  It lives in Queensland between 380 and 1020 metres above sea level.

This frog lives in and near streams where the water flowed so fast that it turned white.  Scientists saw the adult frogs sitting on rocks or leaves near the streams.

The tadpoles live in the fast water.  Scientists wrote that they had strong tails for swimming and bodies meant for the water to flow over them. Sometimes they would dig into the sand to hold on during floods.  The tadpoles would spend the winter in mountain streams and grow into frogs in the spring.

This frog is in danger of dying out. Scientists last saw the adult frog and tadpoles in 1990.  They saw them in the Carbine Tableland.

Scientists think pigs that escaped from humans might be one reason why the frog is endangered.  The pigs rip up the streams where the frog would live.  They also think the fungal disease chytridiomycosis might be killing these frogs.  Scientists also thought habitat loss, human beings building roads and farms where the frog would live, was killing the frogs, but the Australian government protected the frogs' home in 1988.

## References
Home Office

The **Home Office** (**HO**) is a ministerial department of the Government of the United Kingdom. It is responsible for immigration, security and law and order in the U.K. 

It is responsible for policing in England and Wales, fire and rescue services in England, visas and immigration and the Security Service (MI5). 

It is also in charge of government policy on security-related issues such as drugs, counter-terrorism and ID cards. The Cabinet minister responsible for the department is the Home Secretary, currently James Cleverly.

The Home Office, which is considered to be one of the Great Offices of State, is known, in official papers and in Parliament, as the **Home Department**.

## References
Metformin

**Metformin** is a drug used to treat patients having diabetes. There are 2 types of diabetes, type 1 and type 2 and metformin is only used to treat people having type 2 diabetes. Metformin come as a tablet and taken by mouth. It is the drug of choice to lower the blood sugar level when a person is first found to have diabetes.

## Uses 
* Type-II diabetes - adult onset diabetes due to lack of insulin production and resistance of body tissues to insulin
* Gestational diabetes - diabetes during pregnancy
* To treat obesity in diabetes - metformin lowers the appetite and used to treat obesity
* Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) - presence of multiple ("poly") fluid filled cavities ("cystic") in the ovaries of females

## Side effects 
* Nausea
* Diarrhea
* Abdominal cramps
* Flatulence
* Lactic acidosis

Metformin is not used in patients having severe kidney disease.

## History 
Metformin was first produced from the French lilac or goat's rue (*Galega officinalis*). Its blood sugar-lowering property was first described in 1929 by Slotta and Tschesche. Metformin became available in Britain in 1958 and got approval by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for type 2 diabetes in 1994. Today, Metformin has become the world's most widely used medication to treat type 2 diabetes.

## References
Foreign Office

The **Foreign Office** is a department of the British Government. Its official name has changed from time to time, and at present it is the *Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office* (FCDO). Its head is known as the Foreign Secretary, and this is one of the four top posts in the British Cabinet.

The Foreign Office is responsible for protecting and promoting British interests worldwide. It was formed in 1782. In its present form it was created in 1968 by merging the Foreign Office and the Commonwealth Office (to FCO). Later on it merged with the Department for International Development.

The Foreign Office provides staff for embassies and other diplomatic stations throughout the world. It trains staff in foreign languages. At one time (a century ago) its staff ruled over a third of the world. The overseas British Empire recovered after the loss of the Thirteen Colonies in 1776, and reached its peak about 1920. Foreign policy made sure it was never seriously threatened.  

## References
Campione d'Italia

'''Campione d'Italia'* is a *comune'' in the Province of Como in Lombardy, Italy. As of 31 March 2019, 1,961 people lived there. Its area is 0.91&nbsp;km². It is 273 meters above sea level.

It is an exclave surrounded by the Swiss canton of Ticino and is on the eastern shore of Lake Lugano.

## References 
## Other websites 
*
Adèle Exarchopoulos

**Adèle Exarchopoulos** (born November 22, 1993) is a French actress. She is most well-known for playing Adèle in the drama movie *Blue is the Warmest Colour* (2013). She won the Palme d'Or award for this performance. She was the youngest person to win this award. For her acting in *Blue is the Warmest Colour*, she also won the César Award for the Most Promising Actress, the Los Angeles Film Critic Award for Best Actress and Trophée Chopard Award for Female Revelation of the Year.

Exarchopoulos acted in the movies ''Turk's Head* (2010), *The Round Up* (also 2010) and *I Used to be Darker'' (2013).

Exarchopoulos was born in Paris, France.

## Filmography
## Awards and nominations
## References
Kötschach-Mauthen

**Kötschach-Mauthen** () is a market town in the district of Hermagor in the Austrian state of Carinthia.

## References 
## Other websites 
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Hermagor-Pressegger See

**Hermagor-Pressegger See** () is a town in the Austrian state of Carinthia. It is the capital of the Hermagor District.

## References 
## Other websites 
*
Hispaniolan solenodon

The **Hispaniolan solenodon** (*Solenodon paradoxus*) is a type of solenodon. It is only found on Hispaniola. It is also called the **Haitian solenodon**, or ***agouta***.

## Description 
The Hispaniolan solenodon looks like a shrew. Adults are 49 to 72&nbsp;cm (19 to 28 in) in length. Its average weight is about 800 g (28&nbsp;oz). The tail, legs, snout, and eyelids are do not have any hair.

## Distribution and Habitat 
The animal is only found on the Hispaniola. Their habitat is usually moist forests that are not disturbed by human activities. They are usually found below 1,000 m (3,300&nbsp;ft). They are sometimes found at higher altitudes or near developed agricultural land.

## Feeding 
Hispaniolan solenodons mainly eats arthropods. It also eats worms, snails, mice and small reptiles. It may also eat a small amount of fruit, grains, and leaf litter.

## Behaviour 
Hispaniolan solenodons are nocturnal. During the  day, they stay in their burrows, in trees, caves, or hide. Their burrows may have lots of chambers and tunnels. Adult male and female usually live together with six young ones.

## Reproduction 
It breeds throughout the year. It has a gestation period of over 84 days. It gives birth to one to three young ones. Usually, if it gives birth to three only two will survive, because the female only has two teats. The young ones are born blind with no hair. The young ones weigh 40 to 55 g (1.4 to 1.9 oz). For two months, they are carried around by the mother. No one knows how long it takes for them to be weaned. They can live for over eleven years in captivity.

## Conservation status 
The Hispaniolan solenodon is an endangered species because of habitat loss and predation by introduced species. Its numbers have decreased during the last few decades.

The species is protected by law. However, national parks in both Haiti and the Dominican Republic are threatened by deforestation, using the land for farming and charcoal production. The US Agency for International Development and the Nature Conservancy are working with local nongovernmental organisations to make the protection for these parks better.

## References
2K (company)

**2K** is an American video game company based in Novato, California. It was founded on January 25, 2005.

## Other websites 
* Official site
Rita MacNeil

, 2009]]
**Rita MacNeil**  (May 28, 1944 – April 16, 2013) was a Canadian country and folk singer. MacNeil was from the community of Big Pond on Nova Scotia's Cape Breton Island. Her biggest hit, "Flying On Your Own", was a crossover Top 40 hit in 1987 and was covered by Anne Murray the next year.

In 1990, MacNeil was the bestselling country artist in Canada, selling more records than even Garth Brooks and Clint Black. She was also the only female singer ever to have three separate albums chart in the same year in Australia.

On April 16, 2013, MacNeil died in Sydney, Nova Scotia, from problems caused by surgery after a repeated infection. She was 68.

## References
## Other websites
*
Atmosphere of Mercury

Mercury has a very weak atmosphere. Its atmosphere contains hydrogen, helium, oxygen, sodium, calcium, potassium and water vapor. It has a combined pressure level of about 10−14 bar (1 nPa). The elements may come from either the solar wind or from the planetary crust.

## Composition 
Mercury's atmosphere consists of different types of elements. These elements may come from the solar wind or from the planetary crust. The first elements discovered were atomic hydrogen, helium and atomic oxygen. They were observed by the ultraviolet radiation photometer of *Mariner 10* in 1974. The hydrogen and helium in Mercury's atmosphere are believed to come from the solar wind. Oxygen is believed to come from Mercury's crust.

## References
Atmosphere of Venus

The **atmosphere of Venus** is the layer of gases that surrounds Venus. It is mainly composed of carbon dioxide. Its atmosphere is denser and hotter than the atmosphere of Earth. The temperature at the surface is 740 K (467 °C, 872 °F). The pressure is 93 bar (9.3 MPa). It is composed of carbon dioxide (96.5 %), nitrogen (3.5 %), sulfur dioxide (150 ppm), argon (70 ppm), water vapor (20 ppm), carbon monoxide (17 ppm), helium (12 ppm), hydrogen chloride (0.1–0.6 ppm) and hydrogen fluoride (0.001–0.005 ppm).

## References
Any Wednesday

***Any Wednesday*** is a 1966 American romantic comedy movie directed by first time director Robert Ellis Miller and starring Jane Fonda, Jason Robards, Dean Jones, Rosemary Murphy, Ann Prentiss. It was distributed by Warner Bros. and was based on the play of the same name.

## Other websites
* 
* 
*
HD 189733 b

**HD 189733 b** is an exoplanet. It is approximately 64.5 light years away from the Solar System. It is a hot Jupiter. It was found in the constellation of Vulpecula. It was discovered orbiting the star HD 189733 on October 5, 2005. It has a mass 13% higher than that of Jupiter. HD 189733 b orbits HD 189733 once every 2.2 days. It has an orbital speed of 152.5 kilometres per second (341,000 mph).

## References
HD 209458 b

**HD 209458 b** is an exoplanet. It orbits HD 209458 in the constellation Pegasus. It is approximately 159 light years from the Solar System. A year on HD 209458 b is 3.5 Earth days. It has an estimated surface temperature of about 1,000&nbsp;°C (about 1,800&nbsp;°F). Its mass is 220 times that of Earth.

It is the first exoplanet to be discovered with the transit method. Also this the first exoplanet to be discovered to have an atmosphere. The atmosphere contains water vapor, carbon monoxide, hydrogen cyanide, methane, ammonia and acetylene.

The exoplanet does have a magnetic field, but the magnetic field was about one tenth as strong as Jupiter's

## References
Tiara Tahiti

***Tiara Tahiti*** is a 1962 British comedy-drama movie directed by first time director Ted Kotcheff and based on the novel by Geoffrey Cotterell. It stars John Mills, James Mason, Herbert Lom, Rosenda Monteros, Claude Dauphin, Roy Kinnear.

## Other websites
*
Nephrotic syndrome

**Nephrotic syndrome** is the medical term used to describe a collection of signs and symptoms. They occur because of kidney damage. This is different from nephritic syndrome where there are red blood cells in urine, giving it a red colour appearance. 

Nephrotic syndrome is diagnosed by doctors based on the classical symptoms of oedema,  proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia and hyperlipidaemia (which is explained below).

## Symptoms and signs 
* Oedema - swelling of the body

Primary causes are conditions developing within the kidney.

* Minimal change disease (MCD)
* Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS)

Secondary causes affect other body parts in addition to kidneys.

* Diabetes
* Systemic lupus erythematosis (SLE)
* Vasculitis - inflammation of blood vessels

## Treatment 
Treatment is with drugs that will reduce the damage to the kidneys. Prednisone, Cyclophosphamide, levamisole are some drugs used to treat nephrotic syndrome. 

In addition to that lack of albumin is treated by giving albumin from outside into a vein. Fluid retention is treated with drugs called "diuretics" which will remove excessive water collected in the body. The person is advised to consume salt, fat containing foods and fluids including water in low amounts.

## Prognosis 
Prognosis is the medical term for the likely outcome of a disease. Good prognosis means the person will have a good outcome with no organ damage and no long lasting effects due to the disease.

Nephrotic syndrome in children usually has a good prognosis. However in children less than 5 years old and in adults over 30 years the prognosis is usually not good and can lead to permanent kidney damage. In these groups the disease will reappear after some time and need continuous drug treatment to keep the disease under control.

## References
Tau Boötis b

]]
**Tau Boötis b** is an extrasolar planet. It is approximately 51 light years away. The temperature of Tau Boötis b is 1600 K.

## Discovery 
It was discovered in 1996. It was one of the first extrasolar planets that was discovered. It was discovered orbiting the star Tau Boötis b by Paul Butler and his team. They used the radial velocity method to find the planet.

## Orbit and mass 
Tau Boötis b has a mass that is over four times the mass of Jupiter. One orbital revolution takes 3 days 7.5 hours.

## References
XO-1b

**XO-1b** is an extrasolar planet. It is approximately 536 light years away. It was discovered in 2006 by the XO Project which is an international team of professional and amateur astronomers. They used the transit method to find XO-1b. It a little bit larger than Jupiter. It is a hot Jupiter. The Hubble Space Telescope found water in the atmosphere of the XO-1b.

## References
WASP-17b

**WASP-17b**, officially named **Ditsö̀**, is an exoplanet. It is found in the constellation Scorpius. It orbits the star WASP-17. Its discovery was announced on 11 August 2009. It is the first planet that was discovered to have a retrograde orbit. On 3 December 2013, scientists working with the Hubble Space Telescope found water in the atmosphere of WASP-17b.

## References
Western water-holding frog

The **western water-holding frog** is a frog from Australia.  Scientists are not sure whether it should be called *Ranoidea occidentalis* or *Cyclorana occidentalis*.  It lives in Western Australia.

The adult male frog is 6.0 cm long and the adult female frog is 7.0 cm long.  It has a flat body.  The frog lives in places where the ground is dry.  It has webbed feet and spends much of its time in the water.  Because it has such a wide head, scientist think this frog eats other frogs.  They think it eats them when they come to lay eggs in the same temporary bodies of water where the western water-holding frog lays its eggs.

## References
Atmosphere of Jupiter

The **atmosphere of Jupiter** is the largest planetary atmosphere in the Solar System. It is mostly made up of molecular hydrogen and helium. It is also made up of methane, ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, water, nitrogen, sulfur, and noble gases.

## Storms 
The storms on Jupiter are like thunderstorms on Earth, meaning Jupiter has thunderstorms. The storms are from moist convection in the atmosphere connected to the evaporation and condensation of water. Jovian lightning also emits radio wave pulses that are typically separated by about one millisecond.

Jovian storms are short-lived phenomena; the strongest of them may exist for several months, while the average lifetime is only 3–4 days.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Sound of Jupiter lightning
* The Planetary Society blog post (2017-05-09) by Peter Rosén describing assembly of a video of Jupiter's atmospheric activity from 19 December 2014 to 31 March 2015 from amateur astronomer images
NGC 508

view of NGC 507 (bottom) and NGC 508 (top)]]
**NGC 508** is an elliptical galaxy in the Pisces constellation. It is about 253 million light-years away from the Milky Way.
NGC 507

view of NGC 507 (bottom) and NGC 508 (top)]]
**NGC 507** is a lenticular galaxy in the Pisces constellation. It is about 227 million light-years away from the Milky Way.
WASP-19b

**WASP-19b** is an extrasolar planet. It has one of the shortest orbital periods of any known planet. Its orbital period is approximately 18.932 hours. It is 1.31 times larger than Jupiter. It orbits the star WASP-19 in the Vela constellation. In December 2013, scientists working with the Hubble Space Telescope found water in the atmosphere of the WASP-19b.

## References
HAT-P-11b

**HAT-P-11b** is an extrasolar planet. It  is also called **Kepler-3b**. It orbits the star HAT-P-11. It was discovered by the HATNet Project team in 2009 using the transit method.

## Characteristics 
It orbits about 0.0534 AU (7,990,000 km) away from its star. It is a hot Neptunes.

## References
Moon Over Miami (movie)

***Moon Over Miami*** is a 1941 American musical comedy movie directed by Walter Lang and starring Betty Grable, Don Ameche, Robert Cummings, Carole Landis, Jack Haley, Charlotte Greenwood. It was distributed by 20th Century Fox.

## Other websites 
*
Spearmint

**Spearmint** is a type of mint. It is also called **garden mint**, **common mint**, **lamb mint** and **mackerel mint**. It is native to Europe and southern Asia. It is naturalized in northern and southern Africa, North America and South America. It is used as a flavouring in food and herbal teas.

The species and subspecies have many synonyms.

## References
Burgos, Spain

**Burgos** is a Spanish city in the autonomous community of Castile and León. It is the capital of the province of Burgos.

Burgos-308-Kathedrale-2001-gje.jpg
Burgos-314-Kathedrale-2001-gje.jpg
Burgos-220-Kathedrale-Gewoelbe innen-1996-gje.jpg
Burgos-326-Arco de Santa Maria-Kathedrale-2001-gje.jpg
Burgos-304-San Esteban-2001-gje.jpg
Burgos-330-Las Huelgas-2001-gje.jpg
Burgos-338-Miraflores-Grabmal-2001-gje.jpg
Burgos-228-drei Herren auf Bank-1996-gje.jpg
Stellar atmosphere

during the 1999 solar eclipse]]
The **stellar atmosphere** is the outer region of a star. It is found above the convection zone.

## Structure 
The stellar atmosphere is divided into several layers:
* The photosphere is the lowest and coolest layer of the stellar atmosphere. The Sun's photosphere has a temperature of 5,770 K to 5,780 K.
* The outermost part of the stellar atmosphere is the corona. It has a temperature of 1,000,000 K. It seems that only some giant stars, and very few supergiant stars, have a corona.

## References
2020 Brazil wildfires

The **2020 Brazil wildfires** were a group of wildfires that began burning Brazil's rainforests in June

In June, Brazil's National Institute for Space Research (INPE) said its satellites had taken pictures of 2,248 fires. In June 2019, there had been 1,880 fires.

## Causes
It is normal for there to be some fires in the rainforest. Some are caused by lightning. But experts say most of the 2020 wildfires were set by humans. Other experts say the COVID-19 pandemic also made the fires worse because government agencies were too busy to fight the fires.

Bolsonaro said the indigenous peoples started the fires, but photographs taken from craft orbiting the Earth show that the fires did not start on indigenous land. Bolsonaro has said he wants people to be able to start farms and mines on land that the law says belongs to the indigenous Brazilians.

## Indigenous people
These fires are bad for the indigenous people in Brazil because they burn up the food that they would eat. The smoke from fires in some areas is flowing into other areas, harming people's health.

## Related pages
*2019 Brazil wildfires

## References
Ferlach

**Ferlach** () is a town of the district of Klagenfurt-Land in the Austrian state of Carinthia.

## References 
## Other websites 
*
Menthol

**Menthol** is an organic compound. It is derived from the oils of corn mint, peppermint, or other mints. It can also be made artificially. It is a waxy, crystalline substance. It is white in color. It is a solid at room temperature. It melts at a temperature that is a little bit higher than room temperature.

Menthol has local anaesthetic qualities, and reduces irritation of the throat.

Mentha arvensis is the main type of mint used to make natural menthol crystals. It is mainly grown in the Uttar Pradesh region in India.

Natural menthol is made by freezing peppermint oil and separating methanol from the frozen the peppermint oil by filtration.

## Uses 
It is used as an antipruritic to reduce itching. It is used to relieve muscle cramps, sprains and headaches. It is used in some medicines to treat sunburns. It is used as a pesticide against tracheal mites. In organic chemistry, menthol is used as a chiral auxiliary in asymmetric synthesis.

## References
Tomás de Torquemada

**Tomás de Torquemada** (October 14, 1420 – September 16, 1498), also written in English as **Thomas of Torquemada**, was a  Dominican friar. He was the first Grand Inquisitor in the Spanish Inquisition. Specialized historians found that as many as 300,000 Jews lost their lives to the Spanish Inquisition.

## Related pages
* Antisemitism
* Spanish Empire
* Supersessionism
* Antisemitism in Europe

## Other websites
* The Catholic Church
* The Secret of the Inquisition
* Antisemitism in History: From the Early Church to 1400
* Foundations of Holocaust: From Inquisition to “Purity of Blood”
* The Roman Catholic Church, the Holocaust, and the demonization of the Jews. Response to “Benjamin and us: Christanity, its Jews, and history” by Jeanne Favret-Saada

## References
Camphor

**Camphor** is a waxy, flammable, transparent solid. It has a strong smell. It is a terpenoid. Its chemical formula is C10H16O. It is found in the wood of the **camphor laurel** (*Cinnamomum camphora*). Camphor can also be artificially made from the oil of turpentine.

## References
Antennal lobe

The **antennal lobe** is the main part of the brain of an insect that controls the olfactory sense. The antennal lobe is a sphere-shaped deutocerebral neuropil in the brain. It receives information from the olfactory sensory neurons in the antennae and mouthparts.

## References
2015 Asian Rowing Championships

The **2015 Asian Rowing Championships** were the 16th Asian Rowing Championships and took place from September 24–28, 2015, in Shunyi Olympic Rowing-Canoeing Park, Beijing, China.

## Medal table
## References
## Other websites
*Asian Rowing Fedeation
2016 Asian Rowing Championships

The **2016 Asian Rowing Championships** were the 17th Asian Rowing Championships and took place from September 9–13, 2016, in Fenhu Water Sports Center, Jiashan, China.

## Medal table
## References
## Other websites
*Asian Rowing Fedeation
2017 Asian Rowing Championships

The **2017 Asian Rowing Championships** were the 18th Asian Rowing Championships and took place from September 4–8, 2017, in Klong Phai Water Sport Training Centre, Pattaya, Thailand.

## Medal table
## References
## Other websites
*Asian Rowing Fedeation
Asian Rowing Championships

The **Asian Rowing Championship** is a rowing championship organised by the Asian Rowing Federation for competitors from the Asian countries.

## Senior Championships
|valign=top|

|}

Para events from 2015.

## Junior Championships
|valign=top|

|}

## Indoor Championships
from 2004.

## Coastal Championships
2017, 2018, 2019, 2020.

## Masters Championships
2019, 2020.

## Asian Cups
from 2010.

## References
* https://www.arfrowing.com/web/events-results/event-listing/
* https://web.archive.org/web/*/http://www.arfrowing.org/
* https://web.archive.org/web/20130605031935/http://www.arfrowing.org/bbs/board.php?bo_table=B40
* https://web.archive.org/web/*/http://www.rowing.org.hk/
* https://web.archive.org/web/*/https://www.rowing.org.my/mra/
* https://web.archive.org/web/*/https://www.jara.or.jp/eng/
* https://web.archive.org/web/*/https://www.jara.or.jp/
* https://web.archive.org/web/*/https://www.rcat.or.th/
* https://web.archive.org/web/20180831003850/http://www.arfrowing.org/
* https://www.arfrowing.com/web/
* https://www.indiarowing.com/AsianRowingGames.php
* https://www.indiarowing.com/News.php
* http://www.worldrowing.com/news/finals-of-the-asian-rowing-champs
* http://www.worldrowing.com/news/asian-rowing-championships-used-as-step-to-olympics
* http://www.rowing.org.hk/
* http://www.rowing.org.hk/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/38th-HKRC-Race-Bulletin-for-Disciplinary-Forces-Cup_20160726.pdf 
* https://www.hksi.org.hk/news/e_wn1_r2_20040915
* https://aisyahrower.com/about-aisyah/achievements/
* https://www.scmp.com/article/470350/teenage-triathlete-and-rower-rewarded-their-efforts
* http://www.worldrowing.com/news/medal-spread-at-asian-indoor-rowing-championships
* https://www.tribuneindia.com/2004/20040701/cth3.htm 
* https://www.sa.gov.tw/English/NewsDetail?Type=8&page=5&id=2145&n=2543 
* https://www.yumpu.com/en/document/view/30723226/local-bulletin-

## Other websites
* https://ocasia.org/sports/federations/53-asian-rowing-federation.html
Perfumer

A **perfumer** is an expert on making perfumes. A perfumer must know lots of different fragrance ingredients and their smells. A perfumer must be able to know the kind of ingredients whether they are alone or mixed together with other fragrances.

## References
Sensillum

A **sensillum** is an arthropod sensory organ. It sticks out from the cuticle of the exoskeleton. It is sometimes found within or under the cuticle. Inside each sensillum there are two to three sensory neurons.

## References
Humphreys County, Tennessee

**Humphreys County** is a county located in the U.S. state of Tennessee. In the 2020 census, 18,990 people lived there. The county seat is Waverly.

## References
2019 Asian Rowing Championships

The **2019 Asian Rowing Championships** were the 19th Asian Rowing Championships and took place from October 23–27, 2019, in Tangeum Lake International Rowing Regatta, Chungju, South Korea.

## Medal table
## References
## Other websites
*Asian Rowing Fedeation
Pottery Cottage murders

The **Pottery Cottage murders** happened in Eastmoor, Chesterfield in January 1977. William Thomas Hughes escaped from police whilst being moved from prison to court where he was facing charges of rape and assault. He stabbed two prison officers during his escape and then took five members of a local family hostage. Only one person from this family survived. 

Police shot Hughes dead after he had killed four members of the family. He was the first person to be shot dead by the Derbyshire Constabulary.

## References
Olfactory receptor

**Olfactory receptors** are receptors found in the cell membranes of olfactory receptor neurons. They are responsible for detecting odorants. Olfactory receptors activates nerve impulses which send information about odor to the brain. These receptors are members of the class A rhodopsin-like which is family of G protein-coupled receptors.

## References
Law of multiple proportions

The **law of multiple proportions** states that when two chemical elements combine with each other to form more than one compound, the weights of one element that combine with a fixed weight of the other are in a ratio of small whole numbers. It was first described by John Dalton.

## References
Simon Boyle

**Sir Simon Hugh Patrick Boyle**, KCVO,  JP, DL (22 March 1941 &ndash; 4 September 2020) was a British business executive and politician. He was Lord Lieutenant of Gwent from 2001 to 2016.

He died on 4 September 2020 at the age of 79.

## References
Anita Lindblom

**Anita Lindblom** (14 December 1937 – 6 September 2020) was a Swedish actress and singer. She appeared in thirteen movies between 1957 and 1974. Lindblom also recorded music. Her single *Sånt är livet* (a cover of Roy Hamilton's *You Can Have Her*) was a Norwegian #1 in 1962.

Her best known movies were in *Mannequin in Red* (1958), *Sailors* (1964) and *A Swedish Love Story* (1970). He was born in Gävle, Sweden.

Lindblom died on 6 September 2020 in Paris, aged 82.

## References
Chhetan Gurung

**Chhetan Gurung** (Nepali: छेतन गुरुङ; 5 February 19799 September 2020) was a Nepalese movie director and writer. He was known for his work in Nepali cinema. He has written scripts for Nepali movies including *November Rain* (2014), *Classic* (2016), *A Mero Hajur 3* (2019), and *Prem Geet 3*. 

Gurung died of liver disease on 9 September 2020 in Kathmandu, Nepal at the age of 41.

## References
Terry Buckle

**Terrence Owen Buckle** (24 August 1940 – 10 September 2020) was a Canadian Anglican bishop. He was Archbishop of Yukon from 1995 to 2010  and Metropolitan of British Columbia and Yukon from 2005 until 2010, in the Anglican Church of Canada. He was born in Ontario.

Buckle died on 10 September 2020 in Whitehorse, Yukon from cancer at the age of 80.

## References
Grant Larson

**Grant Larson** (June 2, 1933 – September 11, 2020) was an American Republican politician. He was a member of the Wyoming Senate of the 17th district from 1995 to 2011. He was born in Provo, Utah. 

Larson died on September 11, 2020 in Jackson, Wyoming at age 87.

## References
European Rowing Championships

The **European Rowing Championships** is an international Rowing regatta organised by FISA (the International Rowing Federation) for European rowing nations.

## References
## Other websites
* Official FISA homepage
*
The Wayward Bus (movie)

***The Wayward Bus*** is a 1957 American drama movie directed by Victor Vicas and was based on the 1947 novel of the same name by John Steinbeck. It stars Joan Collins, Jayne Mansfield, Dan Dailey, Rick Jason and was distributed by 20th Century Fox.

## Other websites 
* 
* 
* 
*
Council Julian Dunbar Jr.

**Council Julian Dunbar Jr.** (August 4, 1922 &ndash; September 14, 2020) was an American Republican politician. He was in the South Carolina House of Representatives from 1971 to 1972, representing Allendale County, South Carolina. He was an insurance agent. Dunbar Jr. was born in Martin, South Carolina.

Dunbar Jr. died on September 14, 2020 at the age of 98.

## References
Martin, South Carolina

**Martin** is an unincorporated community in northwestern Allendale County, South Carolina, United States.  It lies along SC 125 northwest of the town of Allendale, the county seat of Allendale County. 

## References
Jeff Dunne

**Jeffrey "Jeff" Dunne** (14 May 1956 – 14 September 2020) was an Australian rules footballer. He played 102 games for St Kilda and Richmond in the top tier Victorian Football League during the 1970s and 1980s. He played for St Kilda from 1977 to 1983.

He went on to coach East Launceston and North Launceston in the Tasmanian Football league in the mid 1980s.

Dunne died of a heart attack on 14 September 2020, aged 64.

## References
## Other websites
* Bio at Saints Hall of Fame
Floyd Vrtiska

**Floyd Vrtiska** (October 12, 1926 – September 15, 2020) was an American Republican politician. He was in the Nebraska Legislature from the 1st district from 1993 to 2005. He was born in Table Rock, Nebraska.

Vrtiska died on September 15, 2020 in Lincoln, Nebraska at age of 93.

## References
Pawnee City, Nebraska

**Pawnee City** is a city and county seat of Pawnee County, Nebraska, United States.  The population was 865 at the 2020 census.

## References
Joachim Kunert

**Joachim Kunert** (24 September 1929 – 18 September 2020) was a German movie director and screenwriter. He directed more than 20 movies between 1954 and 1989. His 1965 movie *The Adventures of Werner Holt* was entered into the 4th Moscow International Film Festival. He was born in Berlin.

Kunert died on 18 September 2020 at the age of 90.

## References
Sam McBratney

**Samuel (Sam) McBratney** (1 March 1943 – 18 September 2020) was a Northern Irish writer.  He wrote more than fifty books for children and young adults. He was best known as the author of the best-selling children's book *Guess How Much I Love You*. He was born in Belfast, Northern Ireland.

McBratney died on 18 September 2020 in County Antrim, Northern Ireland at the age of 77.

## References
Carbonic acid

**Carbonic acid** is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is H2CO3. Carbonic acid is a weak acid. It forms two kinds of salts: the carbonates and the bicarbonates. In geology, carbonic acid causes limestone to dissolve, making calcium bicarbonate.

## References
Body of water

A **body of water** or **waterbody** is any collection of water on a planet's surface. A body of water can be still (like a lake) or moving (like a river).

Bodies of water include the following types:

*Bay
*Canal
*Creek
*Estuary
*Fjord
*Glacier
*Gulf
*Harbor
*Ice cap
*Ice sheet
*Lagoon
*Lake
*Ocean
*Pond
*Reservoir
*River
*Sea
*Stream
*Tide pool

## References
Hassan Achour

**Hassan Louahid** nicknamed **Achour** (14 March 1938 – 17 September 2020) was an Algerian international footballer and manager. He was born in Sétif, Algeria. He had 16 caps for the Algeria national team between 1965 to 1969.

Achour died on 17 September 2020 in Algiers at the age of 82.

## References
Donald M. Kendall

**Donald Mcintosh "Don" Kendall** (March 16, 1921 – September 19, 2020) was an American businessman and political adviser. He was CEO of Pepsi Cola and as CEO of PepsiCo from 1971 to 1986. Kendall was born in Sequim, Washington.

Kendall died on September 19, 2020 in Greenwich, Connecticut at the age of 99.

## References
J. Delano Ellis

**Jesse Delano Ellis II**, known as **J. Delano Ellis**, (December 11, 1944 – September 19, 2020) was a leader in African American Pentecostalism in the United States. He was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

He was the founding president/chairman and Archbishop Metropolitan of the Joint College of Bishops. Ellis also created and was presiding prelate of the Apostolic/Oneness United Pentecostal Churches of Christ (today the United Covenant Churches of Christ) and Pentecostal Churches of Christ. 

He was the senior pastor of the Pentecostal Church of Christ in Cleveland, Ohio, a ministry to which he was called on May 14, 1989.

Ellis died on September 19, 2020 in Cleveland at the age of 75.

## References
Sequim, Washington

**Sequim**  is a city in Clallam County, Washington, United States. The 2020 census counted a population of 8,024. Sequim is located along the Dungeness River near the base of the Olympic Mountains. 

## References
Roaring Forties

The **Roaring Forties** are strong westerly winds. It is found in the Southern hemisphere. It is found between the latitudes of 40 and 50 degrees.

## References
Al Langlois

**Joseph Albert Oliver "Junior" Langlois** (November 6, 1934 – September 19, 2020) was a Canadian ice hockey defenceman. Langlois started his National Hockey League career with the Montreal Canadiens in 1958 and ended in 1966 with the Boston Bruins. He also played with the New York Rangers and Detroit Red Wings. 

Langlois won three Stanley Cups with Montreal, in 1958, 1959 and 1960. He was born in Magog, Quebec.

Langlois died on September 19, 2020 in California, aged 85.

## References
## Other websites
*
*Al Langlois' Day With the Stanley Cup
Michael Chapman (cinematographer)

**Michael Crawford Chapman**, A.S.C. (November 21, 1935 – September 20, 2020) was an American cinematographer and movie director. He was known for his works with Martin Scorsese and Ivan Reitman. Chapman was born in New York City. His best known works was in *Taxi Driver*, *Raging Bull*, *Space Jam* and in *The Fugitive*.

Chapman died from congestive heart failure on September 20, 2020, at his home in Los Angeles, aged 84.

## References
Joe Pytka

**Joe Pytka** (born November 4, 1938) is an American movie and music video director. He was born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. He holds the record for the most nominations for the Directors Guild of America Award for Outstanding Directing – Commercials. He directed many music videos of Michael Jackson and directed *Space Jam*.

## References
Houston County, Tennessee

**Houston County** is a county located in the U.S. state of Tennessee. In the 2020 census, 8,283 people lived there. The county seat is Erin.

## References
Table Rock, Nebraska

**Table Rock** is a village in Pawnee County, Nebraska, United States. The population was 233 at the 2020 census.

## References
Nijisanji

is an online Japanese video sharing social networking service for iPhone X. It is a group of mostly Live2D-only Virtual YouTubers who are also known as "Virtual Livers" (バーチャルライバー Bācharu Raibā) when posting on sites outside of YouTube, such as NicoNico Douga, Twitch and Bilibili. The term Liver, coined by mixing Japanese and English, is a heteronym for calling Nijisanji's streamers.

Managed by ANYCOLOR Inc. (formerly known as Ichikara Inc. until May 16, 2021), NIJISANJI started in Japan in February 2018 as one of the first major VTuber agencies. Their focus on livestreams set its members apart from other early VTubers, such as Kizuna AI or Kaguya Luna, who primarily made prerecorded videos. This, as well as the use of Live2D over expensive 3D, led to NIJISANJI's success in the Japanese market and codified the current VTuber format of Live2D streaming.

Since 2019, NIJISANJI has also expanded to international markets such as China, Indonesia, South Korea, and English-speaking countries. As of March 2022, there are a total of 211 members across five different branches: 110 Japanese NIJISANJI members, 19 NIJISANJI ID members, 15 NIJISANJI KR members, 20 NIJISANJI EN members, and 47 members of VirtuaReal, a joint venture Chinese branch between Bilibili and ANYCOLOR. There are also 5 VirtuaReal Star and 20 VirtuaReal Link members, but these are independent VTubers partnered with VirtuaReal rather than true VirtuaReal members.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Nijisanji - YouTube Channel
* NIJISANJI English Official - YouTube Channel for English
* 
* 
* Nijisanji - pixiv
* NIJISANJI - bilibili channel
Clarksburg, West Virginia

**Clarksburg** is a city in and the county seat of Harrison County, West Virginia, United States. The population of the city was 16,061 at the 2020 census.

## References
Richard A. Clarke

**Richard Alan Clarke** (born October 27, 1950) is an American former government official. He was National Coordinator for Security, Infrastructure Protection, and counter-terrorism for the United States between 1998 and 2003.

Clarke worked for the State Department during the presidency of Ronald Reagan. 

In 1992, President George H. W. Bush appointed him to chair the Counter-terrorism Security Group and to a seat on the United States National Security Council. 

President Bill Clinton kept Clarke and in 1998 promoted him to be the National Coordinator for Security, Infrastructure Protection, and Counter-terrorism, the chief counter-terrorism adviser on the National Security Council. 

Under President George W. Bush, Clarke initially continued in the same position but no longer had Cabinet-level access. He later was appointed as the Special Advisor to the President on cybersecurity. 

Clarke left the Bush administration in 2003 after criticizing him over invading Iraq after the September 11 attacks.

## References