open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Books of Samuel

The **Books of Samuel** (, ''Sefer Shmuw'el'') are part of the Tanakh (part of the Hebrew Bible) and also of the Christian Old Testament.

## The two books 
The Books of Samuel were originally one book. The first Greek translation was split in two because it is unusually long. Other languages followed.

The first book of Samuel tells the history of Israel from the birth of Samuel until Saul's death. It talks about the failure of Saul to be a good king as a result of his pride and sin, and includes Samuel anointing David as the next king after Saul died. 

The second book of Samuel tells the story of King David of Israel, who establishes Jerusalem as Israel's capital city (2 Sam 5:7). David begins well because he prays and is humble, but later sins and has an affair with a married lady called Bathsheba, who then gives birth to Solomon. As a result of this affair, David's children go mad, including a brother who rapes his sister as well as murder among the siblings, which leads to the end of David as king. This ends 2 Samuel. The next book in the Bible is 1 Kings, which begins with Solomon as King, who builds the Temple in Jerusalem, which God had earlier forbidden David from doing as a result of his sin.

## Information about Samuel 
**Samuel** was a Jewish priest, prophet, and judge over Israel in the Old Testament. His story is told in 1 Samuel. His name suggests "Heard of God" (1 Samuel 1:20), because his mother's prayer to have a child was heard by God and answered.

## Birth 
We cannot be sure when exactly Samuel was born. However, we do know from the Old Testament that his father was "a Zuphite from the hill country of Ephraim, whose name was Elkanah son of Jeroham, the son of Elihu, the son of Tohu, the son of Zuph, an Ephraimite."  God gave her a son, and naming him Samuel, she kept her promise to God by giving him to the Lord (making him serve in the temple). There, "...the boy Samuel grew up in the  of the Lord."  At that time there was a priest named Eli: his sons were not good and sinned, but Samuel "...continued to grow in stature (height) and in favor with the Lord and with men." 

## Calling 
One day, when Samuel was a young boy still in the temple, he heard someone calling. He thought it was Eli, but Eli told him that God was talking to him. So Samuel went back and listened, and when he heard God calling, "Samuel! Samuel!" he said, "Speak (talk), for your servant is listening."  Then the Lord told Samuel that he would destroy Eli's family because of Eli's sinful sons. Samuel told everything to Eli, and "...all Israel from Dan to Beersheba recognized (realized) that Samuel was...a prophet of the Lord. The Lord...revealed himself to Samuel through his word." 

## Ministry 
Samuel made the people in Israel be sorry for their sins until he died. He also  Saul after the Israelites demanded a king to rule over them, and once Saul failed to be good, Samuel anointed David to be the king after him.

## References
Ecumenical Patriarch

.]]The **Ecumenical Patriarch** is the Patriarch of Constantinople. Today, Constantinople is called Istanbul. He is regarded to be the leader of the Eastern Orthodox Church. He has been generally known as the *Greek Patriarch of Constantinople*. There is also an Armenian Patriarch of Constantinople (which is different). The older of the office is the Archbishop of Constantinople. The office should also not be taken for the Latin Patriarch of Constantinople, which no longer exists.

The current Ecumenical Patriarch is Bartholomew I

Orthodox Churches are autocephalous. This means there is a Patriarch for each Church, and there is usually one Church per country. For this reason, the Ecumenical patriarch is primus inter pares (*First among equals*). 

## Other websites
* Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople
* OrthodoxWiki
* Orthodox Research Institute
* The Orthodox Tradition 
* Orthodox Tradition and the Liturgy 
* Eastern Orthodox Christianity 
* Directory of Orthodox Internet Resources 
* Orthodox Library: History, Doctrine, Practices, Saints 
* Background information on the Orthodox Church 
* Orthodox Life Info Portal: catalog of resources 
* http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/byzantium/texts/byzpatcp.html 
* http://www.state.gov/g/drl/rls/irf/2004/35489.htm
* Lowenstein International Human Rights Center (Yale Law School) on Rights problems at the Patriarchate 
* Fuseaction=ContentRecords.ViewDetail&ContentRecord_id=98&Region_id=0&Issue_id=0&ContentType=G&CFID=3285732&CFTOKEN=56116027 United States Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe report on the Patriarchate 
* WorldStatesmen- Religious Organisations
* Catholic Encyclopedia on John Faster and Ecumenical Patriarch
* Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of Australia 
* PATRIARCHIA.RU
Sacrilege

**Sacrilege** involves doing or saying something that goes against something sacred. This does not just apply to religious things, but any person, place, or thing which is considered too important to be criticised. 

## Related pages
*Heresy
*Profanity
*Blasphemy
*Taboo
Psychotherapy

**Psychotherapy**, usually simply called **therapy**, describes the way specially skilled people called psychotherapists help people who have problems and unhappiness in their lives or who want to improve the quality of their lives and relationships with others.

Psychotherapy means treatment of the mind. It aims to help the person feel better, be braver, happier and more in control of their lives. The main way they do this is by talking to the person who has the problems in a way that they begin to be able to understand themselves better, which is called talk therapy. Some psychotherapists may work with a group of people such as a family who have problems and are unhappy. This is called group therapy. These therapists usually follow certain ways they can help people. Some popular ways that they use include cognitive-behavioral therapy, dialectical behavioral therapy, and acceptance and commitment therapy. For people with anxiety, exposure therapy is also used.

## Training 
Psychotherapists usually complete their training at the doctoral level through doctor of philosophy programs or medical school, although, some are trained at the master's level. Psychotherapists do not use surgery, or give drugs or electric shocks to the people they help. These methods are used by special medical doctors called psychiatrists, who may also sometimes give psychotherapy.

## How it started 
Psychotherapy was started in the west in 1886 by Sigmund Freud, the first modern psychotherapist. Freud was a medical doctor who was trained in neurology. He became certain that hidden thoughts in the brain (which he called the Unconscious) could cause physical symptoms and strange behavior in some people. He believed that human behavior was not all caused by the brain, but by things that happened to people when they were babies and young children. His research of this theory -the idea he had- led him to create "talking therapy" , where he tried to figure out what could cause the mind to do things like this. Freud thought that his figuring things out and telling the patients what had caused the behavior would cure the patient. Unfortunately, it usually made no lasting changes. 

This is why modern psychologists have gradually figured out many other ways of helping their patients and modified their techniques through methods other than psychotherapy. Hans Eysenck has suggested psychotherapy is discredited.

## Related pages 
*Behaviour therapy
Pidgin (software)

**Pidgin** (also known as **Gaim**) is a instant messaging client that can work on Linux, Mac OS X and Windows. The software can use most instant messaging protocols, which will let the user log into different instant messaging services from one program.

The number of Pidgin users is thought to be more than 3 million in 2007.
Released under the terms of the GNU General Public License, Pidgin is free software.

## Supported protocols 
*.NET Messenger Service
*OSCAR (AIM/ICQ/.Mac)
*XMPP (Jabber, Google Talk)
*Gadu-Gadu
*Internet Relay Chat
*MySpaceIM
*Novell GroupWise
*SILC
*Yahoo! Instant Messenger
*Zephyr
*Lotus Sametime
*Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) (only chat at present)
*Bonjour (Apple's implementation of Zeroconf)

## History 
 2.16.0]]
The program was made in or before 1999 by Mark Spencer, an Auburn University sophomore. It was made to give the features of AOL Instant Messenger for Linux.

## Naming dispute 
The original name was **GAIM**, which stood for **G**TK+ **A**OL **I**nstant **M**essenger. After pressure from AOL, the program was renamed to **gaim**.

However, on April 6 2007, the project development team announced the results of their talks with AOL. This included some name changes: *gaim* became *Pidgin*, *libgaim* became *libpurple*, and *gaim-text* became *finch*.

Due to the legal problems, version 2.0 of the software was stuck in beta stages. Following the talks, it was said that the first official release of Pidgin 2.0.0 was hoped to happen during the two weeks from April 8, 2007.  However, Pidgin 2.0 did not release on time, but on April 22, 2007.

Pidgin 2.0.0 was released on May 3, 2007. This was the first version to be called Pidgin. It also contained a completely new graphics design.

## References 
## Other websites 
*Pidgin website, with "Planet Pidgin"  (developer blog)
*Pidgin project on SourceForge
*[irc://irc.freenode.net/pidgin #pidgin] on freenode
Christian (disambiguation)

A **Christian** is person who believes in Christianity.

**Christian** may also mean:
*Christian (given name), a given name. Both men and women can be named "Christian". The name comes from the Latin word *Christianus*, meaning "follower of Christ". It has been commonly used as a name since the Middle Ages - especially amongst females
*Christian County, Kentucky
*Christian, the protagonist in John Bunyan's novel ''The Pilgrim's Progress''

## People who are only known by this name
*Christian (wrestler) (born 1973), ring name of Canadian professional wrestler Jason Reso
*Christian IV of Denmark, the king of Denmark-Norway from 1588 until his death
*Christian VII of Denmark (1749–1808), King of Denmark and Norway from 1766 to 1808, and the duke of Schleswig and Holstein. He was the son of King Frederick V of Denmark and Louise of Great Britain
Trousers

, Germany]]
'' by Louis-Léopold Boilly.]]

**Trousers** (or **pants** in Canada, South Africa and the United States), are a kind of clothing. They are worn on the lower part of the body, to cover both legs apart (instead of cloth stretching across both as in skirts and dresses).  

Historically, in the West, trousers have been the lower-body clothing item for men since the 16th century; by the late 20th century, they were used sometimes by women as well. Trousers are worn at the hips or waist, and may be held up by their own by a belt, or braces (suspenders).  
 
## Related pages 
* Breeches
* Jeans

## Notes
Synoptic

**Synoptic** is from the Greek words συν (syn = together) and οψις (opsis = seeing), and tells about studies that tells about something of a certain kind.  It also has other meanings:
*Synoptic scale meteorology
*Synoptic gospels
*SynOptics
*Synoptic problem
*Synoptic philosophy
*Synoptic science
*Large Synoptic Survey Telescope
Julio Lugo

**Julio Cesar Lugo** (November 16, 1975 &ndash; November 15, 2021) was a Major League Baseball shortstop. He played for the Houston Astros, Tampa Bay Devil Rays, Los Angeles Dodgers, Boston Red Sox, St. Louis Cardinals, Baltimore Orioles, and Atlanta Braves. He batted and threw right-handed.  

He was born on November 16, 1975 in  Barahona, Dominican Republic. Lugo was also the older brother of baseball pitcher Ruddy Lugo. 

Lugo died of a heart attack in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic on November 15, 2021 one day before his 46th birthday.

## References
## Other websites
Batting order (baseball)

:*This article is about baseball. For other meanings, see batting order.*
]]
The **batting order**, or **batting lineup**, in baseball is an when nine members of the offense take their turns in batting against the pitcher in an order.  The batting order is decided by the manager before the game begins, although sometimes during games, a player substitutes with another player which means they take the original player's spot. If a team bats out of order, it is a violation of baseball's rules and subject to penalty.  When the whole batting order makes plate appearances (bats against the pitcher) in a single inning, it is called "batting around."

In modern American baseball, some batting positions have nicknames:  "leadoff" for first, "cleanup" for fourth, and "last" for ninth. Others are known only by the ordinal numbers.

## Other websites 
*"Elements of the Game: The Batting Order"
Chronology

**Chronology** is a word meaning 'the study of time'. It comes from the Greek words *chronos* (time) and *logos* (word). The adjective is **chronological**.

Putting events in chronological order means: listing them in the order in which they happened.

There are many sciences which deal in different ways with chronology. General is sometimes called "periodization". Historical chronology can deal with history or with the geological history of the earth.

When things are put in chronological order it can sometimes be called a "timeline".  Adjective- (of a record of events) following the order in which they occurred (kind of like a timeline)

## Related pages
* Annals
* Calendar
Pontus (mythology)

In Greek mythology, **Pontus** or **Pontos** (, *Póntos* - "Sea") was one of the primordial deities, the personification of the sea. He was a son of Gaia (the Earth), by whom he is the father of Nereus and Phorcys. He was also the consort of the goddess Thalassa. 

Pontus has a variety of strengths including using his titan staff, which can strike lightning.
Pontus (region)

**Pontus** () is a historical region on the southern coast of the Black Sea. Today it is part a of Turkey.  The land was home to Greek,Russian, and Armenian Empires before it became a part of Turkey

## Related pages
*Pontic Greeks
*Amazons (mythological women warriors)
Bibliography

**Bibliography** (Greek βίβλος = book γραφή = write) is the arrangement of printed books and articles according to author or subject, and the publication of lists of titles. Bibliographies are of many different kinds and may be annotated with information about their contents. Bibliographies may be organized in various ways, such as by authors, subjects or date of publication. Bibliographies without annotations are sometimes given the modest title of **checklists**.

Another meaning of **Bibliography** is the academic study of books as physical and cultural objects; in this sense, it is also known as **bibliology**. This kind of bibliography is not concerned with the written content of books, but rather the "bookness" of books-–how they were designed, edited, printed, circulated, reprinted and collected. 

## Related pages 
*Archive
## Other websites 
* Modern Language Association Citation style
Goran Ivanišević

**Goran Ivanišević** is a retired  tennis player from Croatia. He is most famous for winning Wimbledon in 2001.
Maria Theresa (disambiguation)

**Maria Theresia** may mean:

* Archduchess Maria Theresia of Austria (1684-1696), daughter of Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor and Eleonore-Magdalena of Pfalz-Neuburg
* EmpressMaria Theresia of Austria (1717-1780), Holy Roman Empress
* Archduchess Maria Theresia of Austria (1762-1770), daughter of Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor and Isabella Maria of Parma
*Archduchess Maria Theresia of Austria-Este (1773-1832), Queen of Piedmont-Sardinia
* Maria Theresia of Austria-Este (1849-1919), last Queen of Bavaria
* Maria Theresia of Tuscany (1767-1827), German queen consort
Andre Agassi

**Andre Kirk Agassi** (born April 29, 1970) is a retired professional tennis player from the United States. He was the first tennis player to have won all Grand Slam tournaments on four different surfaces. Later, Roger Federer and Rafael Nadal did the same. He is one of the most successful tennis players in history and was formerly ranked number 1 in the world. He is married to former women's number one tennis player Steffi Graf.

## References
Pete Sampras

**Pete Sampras** (born August 12, 1971) is an American retired  tennis player. He has won the Wimbledon Championships seven times and has won 14 Grand Slams overall, which was a record until Roger Federer broke it in 2009. He is said to be one of the greatest tennis players of all time.

## Personal and family life
Sampras' mother is an immigrant from Greece; his father is an American whose father was Greek and mother was Jewish. Sampras' older sister, Stella, is the women's tennis head coach at UCLA. His younger sister, Marion, is a teacher in Los Angeles. His older brother, Gus, has been tournament director at the Scottsdale ATP event, but from 2007 he became president of the firm managing Pete's business activities.

In the late 1990s, he dated actress Kimberly Williams-Paisley.

On September 30, 2000, Sampras married American actress and former Miss Teen USA, Bridgette Wilson. On November 21, 2002, their son, Christian Charles, was born. On July 29, 2005, the couple welcomed their second son, Ryan Nikolaos. They live in Lake Sherwood, California.

## Professional Awards
* ATP Player of the Year: 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998.
* ITF World Champion: 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998.

## References
Gregorio Allegri

**Gregorio Allegri** (1582 – February 7, 1652),  was an Italian composer and priest. He wrote a large number of religious pieces, including motets and several settings of the Mass. His best known compositions is the *Miserere mei Deus*.

From 1591 to 1596 Allegri was employed in a church choir in Rome.

Allegri wrote the *Miserere* to be sung in the Sistine Chapel during the Easter celebrations. and that the Vatican called for excommunication of anyone trying to make a copy. Graham O'Reilly, in tackling why manuscripts weren't widespread, explains there are only two possible answers. Either: 
# the MSS which contained them really were so secret that they did not leave the choir room, or
# the tradition was still largely an oral one. This second solution, of course, does not preclude some phrases being scribbled onto separate parts as *aides-mémoire*, but which by their unorganised and temporary nature, remained out of the mainstream of the official archives.
In any case, by 1770 there were three known copies of the music. so anodyne was it.

It is believed that the version of the *Miserere mei Deus* performed today, is very different to the work that Allegri composed.

## References
Narcissus (genus)

***Narcissus*** (Narcissi) (often called a **daffodil**) is the botanic name for a genus of mainly hardy, mostly spring-flowering, bulbs in the *Amaryllidaceae* family. They are native to Europe, North Africa, and Asia.

## Description 
It has bright perianths (petals) with a darker central trumpet (paracorolla or "corona"). The petals can be a variety of colours: bright yellow (the most common); white; pale yellow; or even peach. Usually, there is one flower on each stem, but sometimes there are more than one. The long, narrow leaves are slightly greyish in colour and rise from the base of the stem. 

During the winter, the flowering part of narcissi dies away, and the plant lives on underground in a bulb. A bulb is an onion-like structure, which is filled with food. The plant lives off this food during the winter, protected from the cold by the soil above.

## Other websites 
*American Daffodil Society
*Gardening
Genesis (disambiguation)

**Genesis** could mean:

## Gaming
* Sega Genesis, a gaming console
* *X-COM: Genesis*, a computer game

## Transportation
### Vehicles
* Bertone Genesis, a concept car
* GE Genesis, a locomotive
* Genesis class, a class of Royal Caribbean cruise ships
* Hyundai Genesis and Hyundai Genesis Coupe

### Spacecraft
* Genesis (spacecraft), a NASA probe that collected solar wind samples
* Genesis I, a private spacecraft produced by Bigelow Aerospace
* Genesis II, the twin spacecraft to *Genesis I*

## Music
* Genesis (band), an English band
** *Genesis* (album)
* *Genesis* (Busta Rhymes album)
* Genesis (Colombian rock band)
* *Genesis* (Job for a Cowboy album)
* *Genesis* (Rotting Christ album)
* *Genesis* (Talisman album)
* *Genesis* (The Gods album)
* *The Genesis*, a 2002 album by Yngwie J. Malmsteen
* *Genesis*, a 2000 album by Coprofago

## Literature
* **Book of Genesis**, the first book of Jewish and Christian Bibles
* Genesis (DC Comics), a major 1997 crossover of DC Comics
* Genesis (comics), a Marvel Comics villain
* Genesis (Final Fantasy), a character in *Final Fantasy VII*
* GENESIS (science fiction), a fictional laser in the *Gundam* metaseries
* Genesis Planet, a fictional planet in the Star Trek universe
* Genesis, a fictional comics character who possesses Jesse Custer
* *Genesis*, a novel by Paul Chafe
* "Genesis" (story), a 1951 story by H. Beam Piper
* "Genesis", a 1995 story by Poul Anderson
* *Genesis* (novel), a 2000 expansion by Anderson of the 1995 story

## Television
* "Genesis" (*Heroes*), the pilot episode of *Heroes*
* "Genesis" (*Quantum Leap* episode)
* "Genesis" (*Sliders*), an episode of *Sliders*
* "Gensis" (*Survivors*), an episode of *Survivors*
* "Genesis" (*TNG* episode), an episode of *Star Trek: The Next Generation*
* Genesis Awards, some television awards
* Genesis Entertainment, a News Corporation subsidiary
* Genesis Television Network, an American religious network
* *TNA Genesis*, a professional wrestling pay-per-view program
* *Zoids: Genesis*, the fifth anime installment of the Zoids franchise
* Genesis (Air Gear), a fictional Air Trek team in *Air Gear*

## Film
* *Genesis* (film), a 2004 documentary film
* *Genesis* (1986 film) a Hindi film by Mrinal Sen

## Software
* GENESIS (software), GEneral NEural SImulation System
* Genesis3D, a software library
* Genesis LPMud, the original LPMud
* !Genesis multimedia application creator by Oak Solutions.

## Other
* -genesis, a suffix that denotes creation
* *Genesis* (magazine), a pornographic magazine
* Genesis (Panavision), a high-definition camera by Panavision
* Genesis Rock, a sample of lunar crust retrieved by Apollo 15 astronauts
* Genesis Energy, a solar company

## Related pages
* Project Genesis (disambiguation)
* *Genesis II* (film), a 1973 science fiction TV movie created and produced by Gene Roddenberry
* "Yenesis", a song performed by Michalis Hadjiyiannis (Cyprus) in the Eurovision Song Contest 1998
* "genesis of next", a 2001 song by globe
Outfielder

, an outfielder, catches a fly ball.]]
**Outfielder** is a position in baseball. Three players play this position. They are the farthest from the batter.
Sobekhotep VIII

**Sobekhotep VIII** was a Pharaoh of northern Egypt during the 16th Egyptian dynasty. He was one of the ancient Egyptian kings people have little knowledge about. Historians estimate that Sobekhotep VIII was their sovereign leader for 16 years.

It is most likely that Sobekhotep VIII. was the successor of Djehuti and followed by Neferhotep III.

## References
Albert Spalding

:*This article is about the baseball player and manager.  For the violinist, see Albert Spalding (violinist).*

**Albert Goodwill Spalding** (born September 2, 1850 in Byron, Illinois – September 9, 1915 in Point Loma, California) was a professional baseball player, manager and co-founder of A.G. Spalding sporting goods company.

## Other websites 
* Official webpage of Spalding's company
Epistle to the Philippians

The **Epistle** (or **letter**) **to the Philippians** is a short book in the New Testament. It is a letter to the church at Philippi in Macedonia from Saint Paul. It was written while Paul was in jail for telling people about Jesus.

## Author
Most everyone thinks that Paul wrote what is in the book.  Some think it was a single letter, but others think that it puts together three letters into one. The letter or letters were written in Greek in about 50 to 60 A.D.

## Contents
In Chapters 1 and 2 of Philippians, Paul tells the Philippians that he is about to be tried in Rome. He says he is not afraid of death,. He tells the readers to be happy no matter what happens. He says that being in jail is helping to spread the Christian message, rather than stopping it.  He says that Epaphroditus is a hard worker and is a hero. The Philippian church had sent Epaphroditus to visit Paul and bring him gifts. Some time during his visit with Paul, Epaphroditus got sick. But he got better before being sent back to the Philippians.

In Chapter 3, Paul warns the Philippians about those Christians who insist that circumcision is necessary for salvation. Circumcision is the removal of skin from the male sex organ for religious reasons. It is practiced by Jews and Muslims.  He testifies that he once was a strong follower of this and other Jewish laws, but he now considers these things to be like trash compared to the gospel of Jesus. He says that being right with God comes from faith in Jesus and not by keeping religious laws.

In Chapter 4, Paul tells the Philippians to get along with each other. In the last part of the chapter, Paul thanks the Philippians for gifts they had sent him, and tells them that God will reward them for being kind to him.

Paul seems to feel happy in the letter and he is hopeful that he will get out of jail, and so he says he will send Timothy to the Philippians to help them, and thinks he will also pay them a visit.

## Christ poem
Chapter 2 of the epistle contains a famous poem telling who Christ is and what he did to save us. Paul says we should follow this example of humble service.

Because of its style, scholars agree that this is an early Christian poem that was written by someone before Paul's writings, as early as the 40s AD. The Christ poem is important because it strongly suggests that there were very early Christians who understood Jesus to be a God like being who chose to take on human form, rather than a human who was later raised to a divine status.

## References
The Chronicles of Narnia: Prince Caspian

***The Chronicles of Narnia: Prince Caspian*** is a 2008 fantasy movie by Disney and Walden Media.  It was released on May 9, 2008. It is part of the *Chronicles of Narnia* movie series.

This movie is a follow-up of the 2005 movie *The Chronicles of Narnia: The Lion, the Witch, and the Wardrobe*.

## Other websites 
*Official site
Teasing

**Teasing** is a word with different meanings. With humans, teasing usually means either *playful* and *hurtful*. Teasing is often unkind, and is sometimes a type of harassment. It can have a sexual context as well, as to create sexual arousal in someone, for example.

## Related pages
*Bullying

## Other websites 
*Stories and advice on stopping teasing. 
*The Art of the Teaser
Pitcher

, pitching for the Cincinnati Reds, delivers the ball to home plate]]

In baseball, the **pitcher** is the player who throws
the baseball from the pitcher's mound to the catcher to begin each play, trying to retire a batter who tries to get on base, usually by hitting the ball with their bat or by taking a walk.

A pitcher can also 'pick off' a base runner by throwing the ball to the baseman of the base they stepped off of if they don't make it back in time. This adds one out to the inning, putting the team closer to being able to bat.

## Related pages
* Baseball
Doug Allison

**Douglas L. Allison** (born July 12, 1846 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, died December 19, 1916 in Washington, DC) was a professional baseball catcher for the Cincinnati Red Stockings, the first fully professional baseball team.  

## Other websites 
*Baseball-Reference.com - career statistics and analysis
Patton (movie)

***Patton*** (United Kingdom: ***Patton: Lust for Glory***) is a 1970 movie about US. Army General George S. Patton and his role in the Second World War. The movie starred George C. Scott in the title role and it released by 20th Century Fox. It became very popular and won an Academy Award for Best Picture in 1971. A sequel, *The Last Days of Patton*, appeared in 1986, also starring Scott.

## Beginnings 
George S. Patton's widow was approached not long after her husband died froman automobile accident with an offer to make a Hollywood movie about Patton's life and career. His family did not agree right away, and years passed before it approved a dramatic movie to be made. The movie's screenplay was based on a well-written biography of him, *Patton: Ordeal and Triumph*, and ''A Soldier's Story'', a  by General Omar Bradley, who served with Patton.

## Storyline 
The story covers the time from the American defeat at the Battle of Kasserine Pass, in North Africa, in 1943, when Patton was sent to take command; his victories in Africa and Sicily; his time as a "" before D-Day, the Battle of the Bulge; and his last weeks, after the war had ended in 1945.

The movie did not give much time to showing combat and battles but explains Patton's role in several important battles and campaigns. It also shows his character as a person, soldier, and leader. Patton is shown to have made both good choices, such as appointing Omar Bradley to assist him, and bad choices, such as striking soldiers who had showed fear or cowardice and giving his personal opinions to the media that differed widely from what the Allied commanders expected. The movie shows a mix of both bad and good things about Patton.

## Reception 
The movie appeared nearly 25 years after Patton's death. American attitudes toward war, fighting, and the military had changed in many ways. The Vietnam War was happening while the movie was made and shown. The older generation, which had fought in World War II or helped out on the home front, tended to support the war and the draft under which young American men were forced to join the U.S. Army. Younger people, who did not remember World War II or were born after it had ended, were mostly against the Vietnam War in Vietnam. The movie gave older and younger viewers a chance to look back at an American war hero and leader, and it gave them things to think and talk about together.

## References 
## Other websites 
* 
* Review at TV Guide.com
* Filmsite.org review
Jafar (Disney)

**Jafar** is an evil character and the main antagonist of Disney's *Aladdin* movies. He is played by Jonathan Freeman in the 1992 movie and musical.

## His life 
Jafar was born in someplace of Arabia, most likely in the kingdom Agrabah.  Because he was ugly and poor, he was not happy for many years. Once, Jafar found a baston that can hypnotize people. Jafar use it to brainwash the Sultan. He became Agrabah's vizier and moved into the palace. One day, at the market, Jafar met the parrot Iago and they became friends. The two planned to take the Sultan's treasure but they found something better: a magic lamp. Inside the lamp was a genie who granted wishes. Jafar use his first wish to become the Sultan. When the royal family refused to bow to him, Jafar made a wish to become a powerful wizard. Jafar took control of Agrabah and decided to decorate the palace. He painted the throne room red and filled it with gold. He also replaced the throne which was in the shape of an elephant into a throne shaped like a snake.  Because of Jafar's bad luck, Aladdin defeated him and ended his plans for power. He returns in the sequel of the first Aladdin in *Aladdin, Return of Jafar*.
Charlie Waitt

**Charlie Waitt** (born October 14, 1853 in Hallowell, Maine – October 21, 1912) was a professional baseball player. He was teased, ed and called a "sissy" for wearing what was one of the first baseball gloves ever worn.

## References 
## Other websites 
*Baseball Reference
*Baseball Almanac
*Baseball Library 
*Baseball Prospectus
First baseman

**First base**, or ***1B***, is the first of four positions on a baseball diamond, in baseball.

## First baseman 
### Hall of Fame first basemen 
*Cap Anson
*Ernie Banks (not listed at the Hall of Fame as such but played half his career at first base)
*Jake Beckley
*Jim Bottomley
*Dan Brouthers
*Orlando Cepeda
*Frank Chance
*Roger Connor
*Jimmie Foxx
*Lou Gehrig
*Hank Greenberg
*George Kelly
*Harmon Killebrew
*Buck Leonard
*Willie McCovey
*Johnny Mize
*Eddie Murray
*Tony Perez
*George Sisler
*Willie Stargell
*Mule Suttles
*Ben Taylor
*Bill Terry

### Notable current first basemen 
, the first baseman of for the Washington Senators]]
*Lance Berkman
*Wilson Betemit
*Miguel Cabrera
*Sean Casey
*Carlos Delgado
*Prince Fielder
*Ryan Garko
*Jason Giambi
*Adrian Gonzalez
*Todd Helton
*Ryan Howard
*Conor Jackson
*Nick Johnson
*Paul Konerko
*Casey Kotchman
*Adam LaRoche
*Derrek Lee
*James Loney
*Doug Mientkiewicz
*Kevin Millar
*Justin Morneau
*Lyle Overbay
*Albert Pujols
*Richie Sexson
*Mark Teixeira
*Kevin Youkilis

## References
Kensington

**Kensington** is a district of West London, England in the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea. It is  west of Charing Cross.

## Other websites 
*The Kensington District, by Geraldine Edith Mitton, 1903, from Project Gutenberg
Dew Process

**Dew Process** is an independent record label from Brisbane, Australia. It was started by Paul Piticco, who still works for the company today. Dew Process is d by Universal Music Australia in Australia and New Zealand.

## References
## Other websites
*Dew Process homepage
Harry Morgan

**Harry Morgan** (born as **Harry Bratsburg**, April 10, 1915 &ndash; December 7, 2011) was an American actor. He was well known for his role in the *M*A*S*H* TV series as Colonel Sherman T. Potter and as Bill Gannon in the T.V. series Dragnet. He won an Emmy Award in 1980.

Morgan was born in Detroit, Michigan on April 10, 1915. He was raised in Muskegon, Michigan. Morgan studied at Muskegon High School and at the University of Chicago.

He was married to Eileen Detchon from 1940 until she died in 1985. Then he was married to Barbara Bushman from 1986 until his death in 2011. He had four children. In December 1987 he was arrested for abusing his wife. All charges were dropped.

Morgan died on December 7, 2011 in Los Angeles, California from pneumonia, aged 96. His body was later cremated.

## References
## Other websites
* 
* 
* Harry Morgan Interview with Archive of American Television
* Harry Morgan at FindAGrave.com
George Eliot

**Mary Ann (Marian) Evans** (22 November 1819 – 22 December 1880), better known by her pen name **George Eliot**, was an English novelist. She was one of the leading writers of the Victorian era. *Middlemarch* is perhaps her most famous book.

She was born in Nuneaton, the youngest child of Robert and Christiana Evans. Mary Ann attended ''Miss Latham's boarding school* and then *Mrs Wallington's Boarding School'' in Nuneaton in 1828.

Evans became ill in on December 19 1880. Later, her kidney problem started again. Due to this illness, she died on 22 December 1880. 

## References
Gerry Anderson

**Gerry Anderson** MBE (14 April 1929 – 26 December 2012) was a British television and movie producer, director and writer of Jewish origin. He is famous for the science fiction television programmes he created. The most well known of these was *Thunderbirds*. Most of the programmes he created used marionettes. He also worked with puppeteer Christine Glanville. He was married to actress and producer Sylvia Anderson.

## References
## Other websites
*
The Australian

***The Australian*** is a newspaper made in Australia. It is made by an Australian company called News Limited, is published every day, and started in 1964.

## References
## Other websites
**The Australian* homepage
Scrubs

**Scrub(s)** may refer to:
*Scrubs (clothing), worn by medical staff
*Scrubs (occupation) or surgical technologist
**Scrubs* (TV series), an American television program
*Scrub baseball also known as "scrub" or "scrubs", an informal game of baseball without teams
*Wormwood Scrubs also known as "The Scrubs", an area in west London
*Wormwood Scrubs (HM Prison) also known as "The Scrubs", a prison in west London
*Scrub, low shrub and grass characteristic of scrubland

## Related pages
*Scrubber, an industrial gas-pollution control device
*Data scrubbing, an error correction technique
*"No Scrubs", a song by TLC from the *Fanmail*
*Deku Scrubs or Deku, a race of creatures in *The Legend of Zelda* media
AfterMASH

***AfterMASH*** was an American TV series. It was a spin-off of the *M*A*S*H* TV series. It was not a successful series, and was canceled after two seasons.

## References 
## Other websites 
*Finest-Kind.net  - *M*A*S*H* website with info on *AfterMASH*
*
*TV.com AfterMASH page
Books of Chronicles

The **First** and **Second Chronicles** are history books in the Old Testament. They tell the history of Israel differently from the Books of Kings. Using Biblical books (like Samuel and Kings) and other , the "Chronicler"  the Jews who returned from exile in Babylon. It goes back over Israel's history to explain why they have had all their troubles and how they can live right to become better in the future. One major difference to the similar, earlier narrative is that unlike in 2 Samuel, David is presented as being good in Chronicles.

Originally, the First and Second Chronicles were one book. They were later split apart into two different books.

## Title 
The Hebrew title (*dibre hayyamim*) means "what happened in the days (or years)". The Septuagint  (who translated the Old Testament into Greek) called the book "the things left out". This showed that they thought of it as an addition to Samuel and Kings. Jerome (A.D. 347–420), who translated the Latin Vulgate, said that a better title would be "chronicle of the whole sacred history". Luther used this idea in his German version, and others have followed him. Chronicles was first divided into two books by the Septuagint translators.

## Author 
Old Jewish tradition says that Ezra wrote Chronicles. However, scholars do not accept this as fact. It is thought that Chronicles was written roughly in the year 400 BC.

## Other websites 
**Online Bible* at GospelHall.org

## References
Loretta Swit

**Loretta Swit** (born **Loretta Jane Szwed**; November 4, 1937 &ndash; May 30, 2025) was an American actress. She was most famous for her role as Margaret Houlihan on the *M*A*S*H* TV series.

Swit died on May 30, 2025 at her home in New York City from natural causes, aged 87.

## References
## Other websites
Larry Linville

**Lawrence Lavonne "Larry" Linville** (September 29, 1939 – April 10, 2000) was an American actor. He was most famous for his role as Frank Burns on the *M*A*S*H* TV series. He died of pneumonia.
Brisbane Times

**Brisbane Times** is a website that reports news for Brisbane, Australia, as well as Queensland, the state that Brisbane is in. It started on 7 March 2007 and is now owned by a company called Nine.

## References
## Other websites
* Brisbane Times homepage
Sarah Chalke

**Sarah Louise Christine Chalke** (born August 27, 1976) is a Canadian-American actress most famous for her role as "Elliot Reid" on *Scrubs* and "Becky Conner" on *Roseanne* and in the CBS comedy *How I Met Your Mother*, and *The Powerpuff Girls*. 

She is engaged to lawyer Jamie Afifi, with whom she has a son, Charlie Rhodes Afifi, born December 24, 2009.

## Filmography
## References
We Love Katamari

***We Love Katamari***, known in Japan as , is a third-person puzzle-action video game made by Namco for the PlayStation 2 game console. It is the sequel to *Katamari Damacy*.
Me & My Katamari

is a third-person puzzle-action video game made by Namco for the PlayStation Portable game console. It is the first and only handheld *Katamari* game.
Namco

is an Japanese amusement company. They make video games, and are famous for creating video games including *Pac-Man*, *Galaga*, *Dig Dug* and *Xevious*.
Nagoya

**Nagoya(名古屋　なごや　ナゴヤ)** is one of the largest cities in Japan, with over 2 and a quarter million people in 2010. It is in Aichi Prefecture. There are 16 wards in Nagoya.

## Tourist attractions
* Nagoya castle: It was built in 1615 by Japan's famous military commander, Ieyasu Tokugawa. It is one of Japan's most famous castles. The gold dolphin-like fishes on the roof are its main feature. It is said that the total weight of the gold used is 215.3&nbsp;kilograms.

*Nagoya City Science Museum: located in  Shirakawa park in Naka-ku, Nagoya-shi.  It reopened in 2011. Its planetarium is 35 meters in diameter. It is the largest in the world.

## Related pages 
* Nagoya Grampus

## References
M*A*S*H (TV series)

***M*A*S*H*** is an American television sitcom made by Larry Gelbart about doctors in a mobile . It was inspired by *MASH: A Novel About Three Army Doctors*. It stars Alan Alda as the main character. It was very popular, lasting 11 seasons, and having one of the most viewed series finales in television history.

## Summary
*M*A*S*H* is about a Mobile Army Surgical Hospital during the Korean War. It stars Hawkeye Pierce, an American surgeon who dislikes the war and makes a lot of jokes.
## Cast
There have been a strong cast of characters through the show's life. The only four people who appeared from the first episode to the last are Alan Alda and Loretta Swit.  William Christopher's character, Father Mulcahy appeared in the first episode but was played by George Morgan.  William Christopher took over the role for the rest of the series.

## "Goodbye, Farewell, and Amen"
"Goodbye, Farewell, and Amen" is the series finale. It was aired on February 28, 1983, and is two and a half hours long. Nearly 106 million Americans watched it, which was 77% of the people watching TV at the time. It is the most watched episode of any show in American history.
Steffi Graf

**Stefanie Maria "Steffi" Graf** (born 14 June 1969) is a German retired professional women's tennis player. She was born in Mannheim, Baden-Württemberg. She was once ranked the best women's tennis player in the world. She is married to another retired tennis player Andre Agassi.

Steffi was the youngest player ranked in the WTA Tour ranking 124th.  

In her tennis career, she earned 4 Olympic medals, 22 Grand Slam titles and 107 other titles

## References
Comeback

**Comeback** could mean:

* "Comeback" (song), a song by Kelly Rowland from *Ms. Kelly*
* "Come Back", a song by Pearl Jam from *Pearl Jam*
* "Come Back" (Foo Fighters song), on *One by One*
* Comeback project, a movie, an album and a song featuring Eric Burdon

**The Comeback** could also mean:

* *The Comeback* (movie), also known as *The Day the Screaming Stopped*, is a 1978 British horror film
* The Comeback (American football), the January 3, 1993 NFL playoff game between the Buffalo Bills and the Houston Oilers
* *The Comeback* (TV series), a television series produced by HBO that starred actress Lisa Kudrow as sitcom actress Valerie Cherish
* *The Comeback* EP, a 2001 EP album by Stars
* "The Comeback" (*Seinfeld* episode), aired on January 30, 1997
* *The Comebacks*, a 2007 comedy movie
* "The Comeback" (Shout Out Louds song), on *Howl Howl Gaff Gaff*
* "The Comeback" (Gomez song), on *Bring It On*
* *The Comeback*, the 1985 novel by Ed Vega

## Related pages
*
District line

The **District line** is a railway line in the London Underground. It stretches from the London Borough of Havering in East London to Ealing and Richmond in West London.

## References
## Other websites
* District line facts
Christian music

**Christian music** is music about God, Jesus Christ and Christianity. Worship songs are found in the Jewish Psalms in the Bible.

## Styles
Every type of music genre and style is found in Christian music, including country, pop, metal, easy listening, urban/hip hop, rock and hymns.

## Artists
* Winter Solstice
* Sixpence None the Richer
* Kutless
* Casting Crowns

## Related pages
* Requiem
* Church music
* *Amazing Grace*
* Gregorian chant
* *Be Thou My Vision*
* History of Christianity
Katamari Damacy

is a third-person puzzle-action video game made by Namco for the PlayStation 2 game console. It has had many sequels, including *We Love Katamari*, *Me & My Katamari*, and *Beautiful Katamari*.

## Story 
In the game, you play as a small human-like being, who is a prince. His father is the king of the cosmos. In the beginning, the king destroys all of the stars in the galaxy without meaning to do so. He then asks his son to take a magic ball (the Katamari). The king then sends the prince to Earth. The ball can make things stick to it. The point of the game is to roll enough things onto the ball. Once this limit is reached, the Katamari is sent to the king for evaluation. If it is big enough, the ball will float into the air and turn into a star. Gaming Age gave it a B+. GameSpot's review said that it was "far and away one of the strangest, most original games to come along in years".

## References
The Story of the Kelly Gang

***The Story of the Kelly Gang*** is the world's first feature length movie. This 70 minute movie was made in 1906, nine years before D.W. Griffith's *The Birth of a Nation* made in 1915. The movie tells the story of the famous Australian bushranger, Ned Kelly (1855-1880). It was written and directed by Charles Tait. The movie's reel length is about 4,000 feet (1,200 metres). It was released in Australia on December 26, 1906 and in the UK in January 1908. The movie cost about $2,250 to make. It was filmed in Melbourne and nearby suburbs of St Kilda (indoor scenes), Eltham, Greensborough, Heidelberg, Mitcham and Rosanna. The train scene is filmed near the St. James Road crossing, near Rosanna Station, on the Hurstbridge line in Victoria. The lost scene inside the hotel has a small boy played by Frederick Crew. 

There are only about ten minutes of film left. Many rolls of damaged film were found in an old barn which was once the family home of the Crews in Yarraville, Victoria.  The rolls were sent to Canberra but they were unable to recover most of the footage. In November 2006 the National Film and Sound Archive made a new digital copy of the movie. This has 11 minutes of extra film which was discovered in the United Kingdom. The movie now is 17 minutes long. It has the main scene of the Kelly's fight with the police at Glenrowan (called the Kelly's Last Stand). A copy of the program book has also been found. It has stories from newspaper reports of the capture of the gang, and the story of the movie, in six 'scenes'. This told the audiences what was happening in the movie. The book and the little bit of film that is left can help people imagine what the whole movie may have been like.

In 2007 *The Story of the Kelly Gang* was added to the UNESCO Memory of the World Register  for being the world's first full-length feature movie.

## References
## Other websites
*
*
Interception (disambiguation)

**Interception** could mean:

*Interception (football), a situation when a quarterback's pass is caught by a player on the opposing team
*Interception (water), the interception of precipitation by vegetation
*Telephone tapping, the interception of a phone call
**Lawful interception, telephone tapping by authorities
*Tax refund interception, the forceable use of a tax refund to pay an outstanding obligation
Beautiful Katamari

***Beautiful Katamari***, released in Japan as  is a third-person puzzle-action video game made by Namco Bandai for the Xbox 360 game console. Wii and PlayStation 3 versions have been talked about by Namco Bandai, but no release date has been set.
Interception

An **interception** or **intercept** is a move in football that happens when a player on the defensive team catches a ball from the quarterback instead of the intended receiver. When this is done, the player's team who had caught the ball, would gain possession of it. Many leagues use interceptions, some are Canadian football and American football, as well as rugby league, rugby union, Australian rules football and Gaelic football. The most common players to get interceptions are defensive backs.

## Other websites 
* NFL.com Record and Fact Book
The Greatest Show on Turf

**The Greatest Show on Turf** was the nickname for the offense fielded by the St. Louis Rams offense during 1999, 2000, and 2001 National Football League seasons.
## Players
*Kurt Warner  -  Quarterback
*Marshall Faulk  -  Running back
*Isaac Bruce  -  Wide receiver
*Torry Holt  -  Wide receiver
*Az-Zahir Hakim -  Wide receiver
*Ricky Proehl -  Wide receiver
*Orlando Pace - Offensive Tackle
*Roland Williams - Tight End

## Other websites 
*?.com: Best Offense of All Time
*ESPN.com: Readers List of Best Offenses of All Time
*Fantasy Football Bookmarks: The Greatest Show on Turf