open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Promissum

***Promissum*** is an extinct genus of conodont from the Upper Ordovician period. It is macrophagous, meaning it is probably a nektonic carnivore. It is one of the very few specimens preserving a body outline.

Well-preserved specimens were discovered in the Soom shale of South Africa in 1994. A preserved specimen of this behemoth reveals details of the trunk musculature, feeding apparatus and eyes.

## Description 
*Promissum* was a rather large conodont, up to 40 cm (16 inch). It had a primitive mouth under its eyes with mineralized teeth. It looked like a small eel or large worm, lacking any kind of fins except for perhaps a small one on the tail. It was probably capable of maintaining a cruising speed. However, it could not maintain rapid bursts of speed.

## References 
# Palmer, D., ed. (1999). *The Marshall Illustrated Encyclopedia of Dinosaurs and Prehistoric Animals*. London: Marshall Editions. p. 23. ISBN 1-84028-152-9.
Operation Lyari

**Operation Lyari** was a government-led crackdown against local gangs and crime syndicates in the Lyari area of Karachi, Pakistan. Part of the broader Karachi Operation, it aimed to restore law and order in the region plagued by violence and criminal activities.

## Background 
Karachi, as Pakistan's largest city with a population exceeding 20 million, has a diverse demographic makeup, contributing to complex ethnic and political dynamics. Ethnic tensions and rivalries have historically led to sporadic violence, exacerbated by factors such as migration from various regions of Pakistan and neighboring countries.

## Ethnic and political dynamics 
The city is home to a mix of ethnic groups, including Mahajirs, Sindhis, Pashtuns, Balochis, and others, each with its own political affiliations. Political parties such as the Muttahida Qaumi Movement (MQM) and Pakistan Peoples Party (PPP) have strongholds in specific communities, shaping the city's political landscape.

## Operations 
Operation Lyari commenced in response to escalating violence attributed to local gangs, particularly in the Lyari area. Led by Sindh Rangers and supported by various law enforcement agencies, the operation targeted gang leaders and criminal networks responsible for extortion, drug trafficking, and other illicit activities.

### 2012 operation 
The initial phase of the operation in 2012 faced challenges, including stiff resistance from entrenched gang members. Despite initial progress, the operation was temporarily halted amid political interventions and negotiations.

### 2013 operation 
Following a change in government, a renewed effort was made in 2013 to curb violence in Karachi, including Lyari. Pakistan Rangers, with support from the federal and provincial authorities, intensified operations, resulting in significant arrests and disruptions to criminal networks.

## Outcome 
Operation Lyari led to a substantial decrease in crime rates in the Lyari area, with the arrest or elimination of key gang leaders. The operation marked a significant milestone in efforts to restore peace and stability in Karachi, although challenges persist in addressing underlying socio-economic issues contributing to crime.

## In popular culture 
## References
Philipp Hosiner

**Philipp Hosiner** (15 May 1989 in Eisenstadt) is an Austrian football player. The striker plays for Young Violets Austria Wien in the Regionalliga Ost (3rd tier). He is a former Austrian national player.
## Career 
Philipp Hosiner started his career at SC Eisenstadt. Then he played for SV St. Margarethen. He later played for Academy Burgenland. 2006 joined the youth department of TSV 1860 Munich. In 2008 he became part of the second team. There he was top scorer. 2009 he went to SV Sandhausen.  There he made his professional debut.

He then went back to Austria. In the 2010/11 season  he played for First Vienna FC.   After a season he moved to Bundesliga promoted team FC Trenkwalder Admira in June 2011. On 31 August2012, FK Austria Wien signed him. At the end of the 2012/13 season, Hosiner became Austrian champion with Austria and was the league's top scorer with 32 goals. He also was elected best player of season.

He was signed by the French first division club Stade Rennes in the summer of 2014. In January 2015, during a medical check at 1. FC Köln, a two-kilogram tumor was discovered on Hosiner's left kidney. He had a successful operation. Eleven weeks after the operation he played for the first time in the Stades Rennes reserves. Hosiner finally moved to 1. FC Köln on loan for the 2015/16 season.  Hosiner did not return to Rennes for the 2016/17 season. He  1. FC Union Berlin in the 2nd Bundesliga. For the 2018/19 season, Hosiner returned to Austria. He played for SK Sturm Graz. The following season he played again in Germany for Chemnitzer FC in the 3rd league. For the 2020/21 season he moved to third division club Dynamo Dresden. With the team he was promoted to the 2nd league. In the following season he lost his place an moved to Kickers Offenbach. In 2023 he went back to Austria Wien and played for the 2nd team in the Regionalliga Ost. 

## International 
Hosiner played regularly for the Austrian youth national teams. In autumn 2011, the striker was called up to the senior national team for the first time . He made his debut on 7 October  2011 in the game in Baku against Azerbaijan. He scored his only two goals on 22 March 2013 in a 6-0 win against the Faroe Islands.
## International statistics
:''Scores and results list Austria's goal tally first, score column indicates score after each Hosiner goal.''

## References
Another Lonely Night in New York

"**Another Lonely Night in New York**" is a 1983 song by singer Robin Gibb and is the second single from his second studio album *How Old Are You?*. It went to number 71 in the United Kingdom and was a big hit in Europe where it went to #19 in Switzerland and #16 in Germany. It was never released as a single in the United States or Canada.

## References
Vulnerable (Roxette song)

"**Vulnerable**" is a 1995 song by Swedish band Roxette and is the fifth and final single from their fifth studio album *Crash! Boom! Bang!*. It went to number 44 in the United Kingdom, number 41 in Scotland, number 12 in Sweden and number 20 in Iceland and the music video was directed by Jonas Åkerlund.

## Formats and track listings
All songs were written by Per Gessle.
* **7-inch single and cassette** (Australia 8651514 · UK TCEM369)
# "Vulnerable" (Single Edit) – 4:30
# "The Sweet Hello, The Sad Goodbye" – 4:49

* **CD single** (Australia · Europe 8651522)
# "Vulnerable" – 4:30
# "The Sweet Hello, The Sad Goodbye" – 4:49
# "Vulnerable" (Demo, 28 December 1990) – 4:44
# "I'm Sorry" (Demo, 18 August 1993) – 3:25

* **UK CD Single** (CDEM369)
# "Vulnerable" – 4:30
# "The Sweet Hello, The Sad Goodbye" – 4:49
# "Vulnerable" (Demo, 28 December 1990) – 4:44

## References
Welch's

'''Welch's''' is an American food company.  It is headquartered in Concord, Massachusetts.  It is particularly known for its grape juices, jams and jellies made from dark Concord grapes and its white Niagara grape juice. It was founded in 1869. It is owned by the National Grape Cooperative Association, a co-op of grape growers.

## Other websites
* Welch's company homepage
* Welch's soft drink page 
* National Grape Cooperative Association
Mott's

'''Mott's'''  is an American company. It is involved primarily in producing apple-based products, particularly juices and sauces.  It was founded in 1842 by Samuel R. Mott of Bouckville, New York, who made apple cider and vinegar. It is owned by Keurig Dr Pepper.
Jo-Ann Stores

.]]

**Jo-Ann Stores**  was an American haberdashery and mercery that was based in Hudson, Ohio. It was founded in 1943. It has 856 locations. The headquarters of the company is in the former General Motors Terex plant.
New Balance

**New Balance** is one of the world's major sports footwear and apparel manufacturers. It is based in Boston, Massachusetts. It was founded in 1906 as the **New Balance Arch Support Company**.

New Balance maintains a manufacturing presence in the United States, as well as in the United Kingdom for the European market, where it produces some of its popular models.

## Other websites 
*
Qurm Nature Reserve

**Qurm Nature Reserve** is a nature reserve in Oman near the Gulf of Oman. It is a protected place with a mangrove forest and wetland around a small river called Wadi Aday. The government of Oman established it in 1975 to take care of the environment. The name "Qurm" comes from the local word for the grey mangroves that grow here. It is an important place for birds and got recognition as an Important Bird Area in 1994. Also, part of it is a Ramsar site, which means it is internationally protected, since 2013.

If you go from the sea towards the land, you will find different areas like the beach, coastal dunes, tidal flats, and alluvial plains. The tidal flats get a mix of freshwater from rivers and saltwater from the sea, creating a diverse environment for many living things. The climate is typically hot and dry, like in most parts of Oman.

## Wildlife 
 in Bahrain.]]
The Qurm Nature Reserve is home to many  plants and animals. The outer coastal dunes have different types of grasses and plants such as Halopyrum mucronatum, Sphaerocoma hookeri, Suaeda fruticosa, Cistanche phelypaea, and Suaeda vermiculata. In the low areas between the dunes, you can find Lotus garcinii, Cyperus conglomeratus, and Heliotropium ramosissimum. The mangrove forest with grey mangroves (Avicennia marina) grows in places that get flooded during high tide. The sabkha flats just above high tide have plants such as  Suaeda aegyptiaca, S. fruticosa, Cressa cretica, and more, which can easily grow in salty soil.

The reserve is a home for nearly two hundred bird species, including Kentish plover, black-headed gull, Caspian gull, and greater flamingo. Land animals include the Arabian red fox and Balochistan gerbil. Sea turtles might have visited the area before recent human development increased.

Oman is on the way that birds travel when they migrate (move from one place to another), and the reserve is like a stopping point for these birds. They stop there to rest and eat during their long journeys. The mangrove forest also helps protect the land from big storms and keeps the water clean by catching and cleaning rainwater. People have been coming to this area for a very long time, even 6000 years ago, to collect oysters and whelks from the mangrove forests.

## References
Quicksilver (Marvel Comics)

**Quicksilver** (real name: **Pietro Django Maximoff**) is a fictional character, a former supervillain turned superhero from Marvel Comics and the Marvel Universe, appearing as a major character in the *X-Men* and *The Avengers* comics. He was created by the late Stan Lee, and the late Jack Kirby, and first appeared in *The X-Men* #4 in March of 1964.

## Fictional character biography 
He is a human being who was genetically altered by the High Evolutionary, giving him the ability to move, speak and think at superhuman speed, and the younger twin brother to Wanda Maximoff. The siblings would become members of the Brotherhood of Mutants and fought against the X-Men, but would change their allegiances and joined the Avengers in *Avengers #16*. In the *Ultimate Marvel* comics, he is the son of Magneto whom despises the Avengers, and is an on and off enemy of the X-Men. He has been a member of the Avengers, the X-Factor, West Coast Avengers, Avengers Unity Division, the Underground, the Brotherhood of Mutants, and ally of the X-Men.

## In other media 
Since his debut in the comics, Quicksilver has appeared in other media from movies, television, and video games. In *X-Men: The Animated Series*, he was voiced by the late Paul Haddad and Adrian Egan. In the *X-Men* movie series, he was portrayed by Evan Peters. In the Marvel Cinematic Universe, he was portrayed by Aaron Taylor-Johnson, as Gabriel Gurevich played the character young.
List of Dutch painters

This is a list of Dutch painters.

*Limbourg brothers (d. 1416)
*Jan van Eyck (d. 1441)

*Bosch, Hieronymus (d. 1516)
*Jan van Dornicke (d. around 1527)
*Quentin Matsys (d. 1530)
*the Brunswick monogrammist is thought to have made paintings as late as 1555
*Martin van Heemskerck (d. 1574)

*Bruegel the Elder, Pieter (d. 1569)
*Grebber, Pieter de (d. 1652/53)
*Hals, Frans (d. 1666)
*Van Rijn, Rembrandt (d. 1669)
*Vermeer, Johannes (d. 1675)
*Steen, Jan Havicksz (d. 1679)
*Lely, Peter (d. 1680)
*Wissing, Willem (d. 1687)
*Coorte, Adriaen (d. 1707)
*Jacobus Vrijmoet (d. 1831)

*Mauve, Anton (d. 1888)
*Gogh, Vincent van (d. 1890)

*Piet Mondrian (d. 1944)

*Kooning, Willem de (d. 1997)
*Appel, Karel (d. 2006)
*Leo Verburgt (d.  2014) 
*Miguel-Ángel Cárdenas (d. 2015)
*Bruna, Dick (d. 2017)
*Armando (d. 2018)
*Westerik, Co (d. 2018)

*Hans Verhagen (d.  2020)

*Jeroen van Merwijk (d. 2021) 

*Leen Droppert (d. 2022) 
*Janny Jalving (d. 2022) 
*Edith Meijering (d. 2022)
*Jentsje Popma (d. 2022) 
*Jan de Winter (d. 2022)
*Cornelius Rogge (d. 2023) 
*Kees Thijn (d. 2023) 

## Related pages
*Peter Paul Rubens (Flemish painter, born in Antwerp)
## References
Peter III of Russia

**Peter III Fyodorovich** (;   ) was Emperor of Russia from 5 January 1762 until 9 July of the same year, when he was removed from power by his wife, Catherine II (the Great). He was born in the German city of Kiel as **Charles Peter Ulrich of Schleswig-Holstein-Gottorp** (), but he was a grandson of Peter the Great and a great-grandson of Charles XI of Sweden.
Skibidi Toilet

***Skibidi Toilet*** is a Georgian 3D animated series, created by Alexey Gerasimov.

*Skibidi Toilet* is about a fictional race of creatures called "Skibidi Toilets" (nickname toilets or skibidi), which are toilets with human heads in the bowls, and their war with another race of creatures which are the Speakermen, Cameramen, and TV men. The videos use  as their animation engine tool.

## Plot
The series is about a war between the Skibidi Toilets and the Cameramen. Cameramen look like humans, but their heads can be a CCTV camera, loudspeaker, or television. In a city, the Skibidi Toilets, and their leader G-Man, turn humans into toilets. The cameramen ally against the toilets. Each has one of its kind that is a lot bigger than the rest called "titans". The second toilet in command, named Scientist Toilet, makes a toilet parasite that infects the Speaker Titan, leading to death. Later in the series, TV men and their own titan enter the story. With their help, the speaker titan is freed from the toilet parasite. The battle spreads to other cities. After a , Scientist Toilet is defeated, but the whole team is killed except for one survivor. The one survivor is killed by the Secret Agent, a human who may have created the toilets. The Titans fight G-Toilet and the fight badly hurts Camera Titan and Speaker Titan. Then the Skibidi Toilets and Cameramen team up to fight the more dangerous Astro Toilets.

## Development
### Origin
The origin of *Skibidi Toilet* can be seen back from February 2023, when the creator, Alexey Gerasimov, made his first video for *Skibidi Toilet*. The music that he used is a remix of *Give It To Me* by Timbaland and *Dom Dom Yes Yes* by Biser King.

### Spread
*Skibidi Toilet* videos spread across social media. A large amount of that popularity came from platforms such as TikTok, YouTube, X, Instagram, and Facebook. The videos get over 30 million views per video on the YouTube video streaming platform and have 18,309,401,823 views on his YouTube Channel. *DaFuq!?Boom!* has accounts on YouTube and TikTok where episodes of the series are posted. Near the end of June 2023, the YouTube channel had 15.8 million subscribers, and the TikTok channel had 2.8 million followers.

### Revenue
The videos on YouTube earn the creator Alexey Gerasimov an estimated 100k – 23 million USD every year. Every year he will make about 1.2 million – 19.5 million USD. This is only from YouTube, and Gerasimov makes more money from *Skibidi Toilet* merch.

## Impact
The Skibidi Toilet meme has influenced internet memes and online trends, being referenced in TV shows and adverts. Skibidi toilet even has its toys which you might find in Walmart.

In May 2025, rumors spread online that Film Director Michael Bay would be directing a ‘Skibidi Toilet’ Movie. Bay later denied this on May 24, 2025.

## References
Hanna Diyab

**Antun Yusuf Hanna Diyab** (Arabic: أنطون يوسف حنا دياب) was a Syrian writer and storyteller. He is best known today for tales of Aladdin and Ali Baba and the Forty Thieves which have been added to the *One Thousand and One Nights* by French orientalist Antoine Galland, who had translated and included them after listening it from Diyab. Diyab was a Maronite.
## Early life
Diyab was born around 1688 AD in Aleppo, Ottoman Syria. He was the youngest of his three brothers.
## References
Guy Spier

**Guy Spier** (born February 4, 1966) is a Zurich-based investor. He is the author of *The Education of a Value Investor*. Spier is the manager of the Aquamarine Fund with $350 million in assets. He is well known for bidding US$650,100 with Mohnish Pabrai for a charity lunch with Warren Buffett in 2008. In 2009, he was featured in *The Checklist Manifesto*, by Atul Gawande regarding his use of checklists as part of his investment process. He is the brother of Tanya de Jager and the grandson of Selmar Spier, the German-Israeli jurist, historian, foreign correspondent and farmer.

## Related pages 
* Bill Ackman
* Jim Simmons
* Carl Icahn
* Steve Cohen
* Warren Buffett

## References
## Other websites
*personal website
*Blog
*Podcast with British journalist Christina Patterson
*The Intelligent Investing Podcast with Eric Schleien
*Authors at Google Talk
Philautus nephophilus

***Philautus nephophilus*** is a frog.  It lives in Malaysia.  People have seen it in Kinabalu National Park, between 1400 and 1800 meters above sea level.

This frog lives in forests that have never been cut down and near the edges of forests.
## References
José Joaquín de Iturbide

**José Joaquín de Iturbide y Arregui** (February 6, 1739 – November 19, 1825) was the father of Agustín de Iturbide who received the title of Prince of the Union during the First Mexican Empire by the Constituent Congress.
Pep Boys

.]]

**Pep Boys** is an American automotive aftermarket service chain. It was founded in 1921. It is headquartered in the Philadelphia suburb of Bala Cynwyd, Pennsylvania. It provides name-brand tires, automotive maintenance and repair, and fleet maintenance and repair to customers across the United States.
Mayfield, Canterbury

**Mayfield** is a small farming settlement in the Ashburton District, New Zealand. It is situated 35 kilometers west of Ashburton and 34 kilometers north of Geraldine. It has a primary school and the store was burnt down in early 2008 but reopened in early 2009. It is within the Geraldine and Ashburton high school zone.

## References
Trespass (album)

**Trespass** is the second studio album by Genesis. The album was released on October 23, 1970.

## References
Annesbrook

**Annesbrook** is an industrial suburb of Nelson and lies between Nelson Airport and State Highway 6. There is no public transport within the suburb.

## References
Molecular mass

The **molecular mass**, or  *m*, is the mass of a  molecule [and it has some similarity with *weight* of that molecule]. The unit dalton (Da) is often used.

Molecular mass is the sum of 2 or more particles or a compound on the Periodic table. They are often in the units dalton (Da). To get the weight of a compound or particles you simply identify the elements in it. Once you have identified the elements look for the atomic mass. The atomic mass is most often right under the name(letters). After finding the atomic mass of however many elements you need, you simply add them together. If you have a compound like H2o, then you can multiply the Hydrogen instead of adding it twice.

## References 
*LibreTexts. (202, January 26th ). *Molecular Mass and Formula Mass*. Retrieved from LibreTexts Chemistry:
Invisible Plane

The **Invisible Plane** (commonly known as the **Invisible Jet**) is a fictional plane appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics, commonly used by superheroine Wonder Woman as a mode of transport. Created by William Moulton Marston as an allegory for the feminine compliance reaction that women of the Depression relied on to safely traverse the male dominated work place, it first appeared in *Sensation Comics* #1 (Jan. 1942).

## In other media 
The plane has appeared in toys, movies, television series, and video games as well.
Steve McQueen (album)

***Steve McQueen*** is the second studio album by British band Prefab Sprout. It was released in June, 1985 through Kitchenware Records and in American it was retitled as ***Two Wheels Good*** due the naming conflict with McQueen's estate. It went to number 21 in the United Kingdom, number 178 in the United States, number 33 in New Zealand, number 48 in Australia and number 47 in Canada.

## Track listing
## References
Mangawhai Heads

**Mangawhai Heads** is a township in the Kaipara District, New Zealand. It is 21 kilometers southeast of Waipu, 5 kilometers northeast of Mangawhai and is on the north shore of Mangawhai Harbour. 

## References
Doyleston

**Doyleston** is a small settlement in the Selwyn District, New Zealand. It is 3 kilometers north of Leeston and was a thriving village with a school until it was overtaken by Leeston in the 1930s. It has a small park called Osborne Park that is regularly used for football. 

## References
NewJeans

**NewJeans** (), known as **NJZ** () from February to April 2025, is a South Korean girl group. They started on 22 July 2022. The group is made of four members: Minji, Hanni, Haerin and Hyein. In the past, Danielle was a member too. They make K-pop music under the label ADOR, a subsidiary of Hybe Corporation. They were formed by . They are famous for their simple-girl image, for their 1990s–2000s  concept and for their R&B songs.

On 28 November 2024, the members said they were leaving their agency due to "" and "workplace bullying". However, ADOR said it was false.

In March 2025, NJZ said they would take a break. In October 2025, Hyein and Haerin returned to ADOR.

On 29 December 2025, Danielle was kicked out of the group. On the same day, Hanni returned to ADOR.

## Name 
The group's name, NewJeans, is a reference to the idea that jeans are a  fashion  and to the group's desire to become timeless (like jeans). The name also sounds similar to "new genes", a reference to the fresh image of the group made of young members, but also to the new generation of K-pop music they make.

In February 2025, the group started using the name NJZ. In April 2025, the group stopped using the name NJZ.

## Members 
;Current members
* Minji ()
* Hanni ()
* Haerin ()
* Hyein ()

;Past members
* Danielle (; 2022–2025)

## Discography 
### Extended plays 
* *New Jeans* (2022)
* *Get Up* (2023)

### Single albums 
* *OMG* (2023)
* *How Sweet* (2024)

### Remix albums 
* *NJWMX* (2023)

### Promotional singles 
* *Zero* (2023)
* *Be Who You Are (Real Magic)* (Jon Batiste feat. NewJeans,  and ) (2023)
* *Gods* (with League of Legends) (2023)

### Soundtrack appearances 
* *Beautiful Restriction* (''* OST) (2023)
* *Our Night Is More Beautiful Than Your Day* (*'' OST) (2023)

## Music videos 
* "Attention" (2022)
* "Hype Boy" (intro) (2022)
* "Hype Boy" (Minji version) (2022)
* "Hype Boy" (Hanni version) (2022)
* "Hype Boy" (Danielle & Haerin version) (2022)
* "Hype Boy" (Hyein version) (2022)
* "Hurt" (2022)
* "Cookie" (2022)
* "Ditto" (side A) (2022)
* "Ditto" (side B) (2022)
* "Hurt" (250 remix) (2022)
* "OMG" (2023)
* "Zero" (2023)
* "New Jeans" (2023)
* "Super Shy" (2023)
* "Cool With You" (side A) (2023)
* "Cool With You" & "Get Up" (side B) (2023)
* "ETA" (2023)
* "ASAP" (2023)
* "Bubble Gum" (2024)
* "How Sweet" (2024)
* "Right Now" (2024)
* "Supernatural" (Part.1) (2024)
* "Supernatural" (Part.2) (2024)

## Related pages 
* Le Sserafim – another girl group formed under Hybe in the same year

## References 
## Other websites 
*  
*  
*
Zoran Stojadinović

**Zoran Stojadinović** (born 25 April 1961) is a Serbian former footballer. He played as striker. Now he is a players agent. 
## Career 
He started his career in the youth of Red Star Belgrade. After playing for different clubs in Serbia he went to Austria and joined  FC Admira Wacker Mödling. After one season he went to SK Rapid Wien. With Rapid he won the championsship in 1987/88. This season he was also top scorer of the Bundesliga.

After his time in Austria he went to Spain and played for RCD Mallorca, Deportivo de La Coruña and UE Figueres.
## After his career 
After ending his playing career, he became a players agent. In November 2012, he became sporting director with Red Star Belgrade. He was fired on 13 February 2014 by club management. 

## References
Bengali–Assamese languages

**Bengali-Assamese languages** is the name of a group of languages, which are spoken in Eastern India, Bangladesh, Myanmar and Nepal. This group belongs to the Eastern zone of Indo-Aryan languages. According to Glottolog, it includes Assamese, Bengali, Bishnupriya, Chakma, Chittagonian, Hajong, Kharia Thar, Kurmukar, Lodhi (also categorised as a Munda language), Mal Paharia, Noakhailla, Rajbangshi, Rohingya, Sylheti, Tangchangya and Surjapuri.

## References
Fly (Sugar Ray song)

"**Fly**" is a 1997 song by Sugar Ray. It was taken from their second studio album *Floored*. It appears twice on the album, once featuring Super Cat and once without it. It went to number 58 in the United States, number 57 in Scotland, number 31 in Australia, number 21 in Iceland and number 1 in Canada.

## Track listings
**Australian, European, and UK CD single**
# "Fly" (edit featuring Super Cat) – 3:58
# "Tap, Twist, Snap" – 3:12
# "Fly" (rock edit) – 3:58

**UK 7-inch single**
:A. "Fly" (edit featuring Super Cat) – 3:58
:B. "Fly" (rock edit) – 3:58

## References
Bishopdale, Nelson

**Bishopdale** is a suburb of Nelson and it lies south of the Nelson city centre, inland from Wakatu at the foot of Grampians Reserve. There is no public transport available.

## References
Northern Chamber Orchestra

**Northern Chamber Orchestra** is a chamber orchestra based in Manchester, England. Established in 1967, the orchestra gives concerts at Heritage Centre, Macclesfield and The Stoller Hall, Manchester as well as a Christmas concert at Tatton Park, Knutsford and one-off engagements around the country. They are also currently the resident orchestra for the Buxton Festival.

## Discography
;Studio albums
* *Magnificat BWV 243 / Cantata "Ich habe genug" BWV 82* (1995)

## References
Driscoll's

'''Driscoll's'''  is a California-based seller of fresh strawberries and other berries.  It is headquartered in Watsonville, California. It develops proprietary breeds of berries and then licenses them exclusively through approved growers. It was founded in 1904.
Vesele

**Vesele** or **Veselé** can be

## Czech Republic
*Veselé, Czech Republic, a municipality and village

## Slovakia
*Veselé, Slovakia, a municipality and village

## Ukraine
*Vesele, a village in Donetsk Raion, Donetsk Oblast
*Vesele, a village in Bakhmut Raion, Donetsk Oblast
*Vesele, an urban-type settlement in Zaporizhzhia Oblast
*Vesele, Sudak Municipality, a village

*Vesele Raion, a former raion of Ukraine
Asics

**Asics** is an Japanese sportswear company. The name is from the Latin word *anima sana in corpore sano*, which means "a sound mind, in a sound body". It produces clothing and sneakers. The company is headquartered in Kobe, Hyōgo Prefecture and was founded on September 1, 1949 as **Onitsuka Co., Ltd**.

## Other websites 
*
Nick DiGiovanni

**Nick DiGiovanni** (born 19 May 1996) is an American YouTuber, TikToker, and chef. 

He is best known for his cooking videos, He has had many associated acts, Most notable, Gordan Ramsey, And Lynja davis, He is currently 28 years old, He is 5,11
Hélène Lam Trong

***Hélène Lam Trong*** is a French movie director and screenwriter born in 1982 in Vietnam.
## Career
Hélène graduated from the Institute of Political Studies in Toulouse in 2004 and from the School of Advanced Studies in Information and Communication Sciences - Celsa in 2006. In 2014, she directed the documentary *L’absente, maman est en prison* (The Absent One, Mom is in Prison). In 2017, she took a stand against anti-Asian racism by creating the "Asiatique de France" music video with Frédéric Chau, Anggun, and other French Asian personalities. This video gained significant media coverage.

From 2018 to 2020, she directed four documentaries broadcasted on France 2: *Joséphine H,* ''Lilian Dubus et L'Enfant roux* (Lilian Dubus and The Red-Haired Child), and *Daech: les enfants du soupçons'' (ISIS: Children of Suspicion). In the documentary "Réseaux de la colère" (Networks of Anger), she gave a voice to Thaïs d'Escufon and Joachim Son-Forget. In 2023, she directed the documentary "Daech, les enfants fantômes" (ISIS, the Ghost Children), produced by Fabienne Servan-Schreiber, which received a special mention from the Jury at the Documentary Festival on Justice and the Albert-Londres Audiovisual Prize.

## Filmography
### Director 
*2023 : *Daech, les enfants fantômes*
*2020 : *Daech, les enfants du soupçon* 
*2020 : *L’enfant roux* 
*2020 : *Lilian Dubus* 
*2018 : *Josephine H*                
*2014 : *L’absente, maman est en prison*

## Distinctions
### Awards
*2023 : Special Mention of Jury at Justice Documentary Festival Paris
*2023 : Albert Londres Prize of audiovisual 

## Notes and references 
## Other websites
Obelisk (biology)

**Obelisks** are a newly discovered life form, as of early 2024.  Obelisks are very small; they are smaller than viruses. They are like viruses but different. Obelisks "are flattened circles of RNA." 

"These mysterious bits of genetic material have no detectable sequences or even structural similarities known to any other biological agents."  How obelisks relate to their environment is not yet known.

## Further reading
* Original research pre-print: Zheludev, I. N. et al. Preprint at bioRxiv https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.01.20.576352 (2024)
* https://www.newscientist.com/article/2414677-strange-virus-like-replicators-discovered-in-the-human-gut/

## References
Chenjerai Hunzvi

**Chenjerai "Hitler" Hunzvi** (23 October 1949 – 4 June 2001) served as Chairman of the Zimbabwe National Liberation War Veterans Association beginning in 1997.

## References
Philautus amabilis

***Philautus amabilis*** is a frog.  It lives in Indonesia.  People have seen it between 1550 and 1636 meters above sea level in one place and 1825 meters above sea level in another place.

## First paper
*

## References
Big Y

.]]

**Big Y**  is an American supermarket chain. It is in Massachusetts and Connecticut. It is one of the largest independently owned supermarket chains in New England and it employs over 12,000 people. It was founded in 1936.
2022 Massachusetts gubernatorial election

The **2022 Massachusetts gubernatorial election** happened on November 8, 2022, to elect the governor of Massachusetts. The main two candidates were Maura Healey, of the Democratic Party, and Geoff Diehl, of the Republican Party. The then Governor, Charlie Baker did not run for a third term (even though he was allowed and not term limited), for reasons that remain unclear. Kim Driscoll and Leah Cole Allen were the running mates for Healey and Diehl respectively. Healey and Driscoll ended up winning the election by a sizable margin, and Healey became the first Democrat to be elected governor of Massachusetts since Deval Patrick in 2010, as well as the first female elected to be governor in Massachusetts. 

Diehl's campaign was marked by the endorsement of one man, Donald Trump. Trump made controversial statements about Diehl on the campaign trail, which was seen as many as the downfall of Diehl's campaign, and the Massachusetts Republican Party in general. With this victory, Healey secured a Democratic trifecta in government.

## References
Geoff Diehl

**Geoffrey G. Diehl** is an American Republican politician from the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. He is best known for his runs in both the 2018 United States Senate election in Massachusetts, and in the 2022 Massachusetts gubernatorial election, both of which were unsuccessful.

Hailing from Austin, Texas and graduating at Lehigh College in Pennsylvania, Diehl was a member of the Democratic Party until around 2009, when he switched to the Republican Party. In his first electoral run, he beat then Massachusetts House member Allen McCarthy for the 7th Plymouth seat, before winning reelection two more times. When Thomas Kennedy, a sitting Massachusetts Senate member, died, Diehl ran for his seat in the special election, before falling to Michael Brady.

Diehl is a Trump Republican, and ran on a Pro Trump platform in both of his notable electoral runs. Since Massachusetts is one of the most Anti Trump states in the United States, it heavily damaged his campaigns, and led to his defeat twice.
Susannah Whipps

**Susannah M. Whipps** (formerly known as **Susannah Whipps Lee**) is a member of the Massachusetts House of Representatives, first sworn in on January 7, 2015. Elected to the Massachusetts House as a Republican, she eventually switched to being an independent, and is the only independent in all of the Massachusetts legislature.

Whipps serves on the Joint Committee on Mental Health and Substance Abuse, Joint Committee on Municipalities and Regional Government, Joint Committee on Elder Affairs, and the Joint Committee on State Administration and Regulatory Oversight. She also serves on the Statewide Taskforce on Child Sexual Abuse Prevention. Whipps is a co-owner of Whipps, Inc. a local stainless-steel equipment manufacturer.

## References
Vanessa Ferlito

**Vanessa Ferlito** (born December 28, 1977) is an American actress. She is known for playing Detective Aiden Burn in the first two seasons of the CBS crime drama *CSI: NY*, as well as for her recurring portrayal of Claudia Hernandez in FOX drama *24*, and for her starring roles as FBI Agent Charlie DeMarco in the USA Network series *Graceland* and as Tammy Gregorio on the CBS crime drama series *NCIS: New Orleans*. 

She has also appeared in a number of films, including *Spider-Man 2* (2004), *Shadowboxer* (2005), *Man of the House* (2005), *Gridiron Gang* (2006), *Death Proof* (2007), *Nothing like the Holidays* (2008), *Madea Goes to Jail* (2009), *Julie & Julia* (2009), *Wall Street: Money Never Sleeps* (2010), and *Stand Up Guys* (2012).

## Personal life 
Ferlito gave birth to a son in September 2007 and raised her child as a single mother. In her freetime, she enjoys yoga, hiking and riding a bike.

### Television
## References
## Other websites
*
Maramarua

**Maramarua** is a small town in the north-eastern Waikato region. State Highway 2 runs through the settlement and has one of the highest crash rates in the country and has a primary school.

## References
Hinds, New Zealand

**Hinds** is a small town in the Ashburton District, New Zealand. It is situated on State Highway 1 with Ashburton and Tinwald in the north, Timaru in the south and Geraldine in the southwest. It has a primary school that opened in January 1881.

## References
Spicks and Specks (song)

"**Spicks and Specks**" is a 1966 song written by Bee Gees and is the title track to their second studio album *Spicks and Specks*. It topped the single charts in New Zealand and Australia, number 56 in Japan and number 2 in the Netherlands.

## References
Arundel, New Zealand

**Arundel** is a small settlement in the Timaru District, New Zealand. It is situated 15 kilometers north of Geraldine and east of Peel Forest. It is located on the southern side of the Rangitata River and has a timberyard in the village and is in the Carew Peel Forest school zone.

## References
Wolfgang Breuer

**Wolfgang Breuer** (24 May  1944) is a former German football player. He played as striker. During his time in Innsbruck he won the championship and the cup 1972-73. He also was top scorer with 22 goals. From 1965 to 1980 he scored 247 goals  for  FC Bayern Hof, Wacker Innsbruck and SpVgg Bayreuth 
## Career 
Wolfgang Breuer went through all age groups of Tuspo Bayreuth's youth department. In the 1965/66 season Breuer moved from B league team Tuspo Bayreuth to FC Bayern Hof in the Regionalliga Süd. After refusing offers from Bayern Munich, 1. FC Cologne, VfB Stuttgart and  1. FC Kaiserslautern he moved to Austria to Wacker Innsbruck. In the 1972/73 season he became champion and cup winner in Austria. With 22 goals he was also top scorer of the league. 1974 he moved to SpVgg Bayreuth. Breuer played his last game on 29 May 1982 in the home game against SC Freiburg.

Professionally, Wolfgang Breuer worked for the Bayreuth city administration for 29 years. Even during his football career he was always working. It was not possible to make a living through football alone at Bayern Hof or at SpVgg Bayreuth.

## References
Before He Cheats

"**Before He Cheats**" is a song by American singer Carrie Underwood from her debut studio album, *Some Hearts* (2005).

## Music video
The music video for "Before He Cheats" was directed by Roman White.

It premiered on CMT on September 7, 2006.

The video debuted at number 20 on CMT's *Top 20 Countdown* for the week of September 21, 2006.

It made history on CMT's Top Twenty Countdown for being at number one for consecutive five weeks.

## Live performances
In 2011, Miranda Lambert guest Carrie Underwood at the Capital Hoedown in Ottawa, Canada.

In 2016, Carrie Underwood quest Kellie Pickler, Kelleigh Bannen, Lauren Alaina and Jana Kramer at the 4th ACM Party for a Cause Festival in Las Vegas Festival Grounds.

## References
Two Black Cadillacs

"**Two Black Cadillacs**" is a 2012 song by country artist Carrie Underwood and is the third single from her fourth studio album *Blown Away*. It went to number 41 in the United States and number 52 in Canada. It also went to number 4 on the Billboard Hot Country Songs charts and number 3 on the Canadian Country charts.

## References
Sheffield, New Zealand

**Sheffield** (formerly known as **Malvern**) is a small town in the Selwyn District and is on State Highway 73 and has a neighbouring village Waddington beside it. It is situated 13 kilometers west of Darfield and 10 kilometers east of Springfield. It has a primary school that merged with three small schools in 1949 and the local hotel was burnt down in September 2021.

## References
Juliet (Robin Gibb song)

"**Juliet**" is a 1983 song by Robin Gibb and is the leading single from his second studio album *How Old Are You?*. It went to number 94 in the United States, number 1 in Switzerland, Italy and Germany, number 14 in the Netherlands and number 2 in Austria. It was very popular in Europe.

## References
Jey Uso

**Joshua Samuel Fatu** (born August 22, 1985), better known by his ring name **Jey Uso**, is an American professional wrestler. He is signed to WWE, where he performs on the Raw brand. He is the twin brother of Jonathan Solofa Fatu (Jimmy Uso). The two wrestle together since 2007 as The Usos. Uso has also been successful in singles competition. He is a member of the renowned Samoan-American Anoa'i family, which includes many other wrestlers like his father Rikishi, his younger brother Solo Sikoa, and his cousins Roman Reigns and The Rock. Uso represented the family as part of the stable The Bloodline.

In WWE, Uso is an eleven-time tag team champion, winning the SmackDown Tag Team Championship six times (his fifth reign was longest tag team championship reign in the company at 622 days), and the Raw Tag Team Championship five times. He and Jimmy were also the first men to hold both titles together as the Undisputed WWE Tag Team Championship. As a singles wrestler, he won the World Heavyweight Championship and the Intercontinental Championship once, the 2025 men's Royal Rumble Match, and the André the Giant Memorial Battle Royal at WrestleMania 37 in 2021.

## Championships and accomplishments 
* ***CBS Sports***
** Feud of the Year (2020) 
** Tag Team of the Year (2018) 
* ***ESPN***
** Best storyline of the year (2022) 
** Tag team of the year (2022) 
* ***New York Post***
** Storyline of the Year (2022) 
* ***Pro Wrestling Illustrated***
** Faction of the Year (2022) 
** Tag Team of the Year (2014) 
** He was ranked No. 17 of the top 500 singles wrestlers in the *PWI 500* in 2024
** He and Jimmy were ranked No. 1 of the top 50 Tag Teams in the *PWI Tag Team 50* in 2022
* ***Rolling Stone***
** Tag Team of the Year (2017) 
* ***Wrestling Observer Newsletter***
** Feud of the Year (2023) 
** Worst Match of the Year (2024) vs. 
* **WWE**
** World Heavyweight Championship (1 time)
** WWE Intercontinental Championship (1 time)
** WWE/Raw/World Tag Team Championship (5 times) – with Jimmy Uso (4) and Cody Rhodes (1)
** WWE SmackDown Tag Team Championship (6 times) – with Jimmy Uso (5) and Cody Rhodes (1)
** Men's Royal Rumble (2025)
** André the Giant Memorial Battle Royal (2021)
** WWE Intercontinental Championship #1 Contender Tournament (2024)
** Slammy Award (2 times)
*** Tag Team of the Year (2014, 2015) – with Jimmy Uso

## Footnotes 
## References 
## Other websites 
* 
*
Durag Activity

"**Durag Activity**" (wrote in all lowercase) is a song by American rappers Baby Keem and Travis Scott, released on April 30, 2021, by Columbia Records and PGLang as one of the singles from Keem's first studio album *The Melodic Blue* (2021). The song was written by Keem and Scott with producer Brick!.

## Background 
The song was announced by Baby Keem on April 21, 2021, before it was released in April 30.

In May 2021, Madonna posted a photo of herself wearing a bandana with "durag activity" in the captions on Twitter. Keem responded to the post with, "...Can I send you a Durag?" and then he said, "did I humble Madonna?"

## Composition 
Wongo Okon of Uproxx describes the song as Baby Keem "leading the way with near-mumble raps" before Travis Scott "arrives with his trademark autotune croons (style)". In the song, Baby Keem and Travis Scott talk about "money, influence, and women in their lives", which they describe as "durag activity", over a "clicking, slinking" beat. "Distorted piano chords" can also be heard in the instrumental.

## Critical reception 
Sophie Caraan of *Hypebeast* said, "The effortless (easy) delivery from both Keem and Scott provide a new layer of texture for the bars they drop (lyrics) — which are mostly about getting rich — and almost gives it a new meaning, putting emphasis on the importance fusion of flow, cadence and lyricism."

## Music video 
The music video for the song was released on April 30, 2021. Directed by Eliel Ford, it shows Baby Keem as a mob boss and opens with him in a suit, rapping his verse while someone in the background is beat up. After "laying hands on an enemy", Keem gets tied to a chair with Travis Scott, but they "get out the situation".

## Charts 
## Certifications 
## References
2025 MotoGP World Championship

The **2025 FIM MotoGP World Championship** will be the premier class of the 77th F.I.M. Road Racing World Championship season.

## Teams and riders  
All teams use series-specified Michelin tyres.

### Team changes 
* Red Bull GasGas Tech3 will revert to the Tech3 KTM name and will use factory spec bikes.
* Prima Pramac Racing will switch from Ducati to Yamaha on a seven-year deal.
* Repsol will end their collaboration with Honda Racing Corporation after 30 years.

### Rider changes 
* Fermín Aldeguer signed a Ducati factory contract in March 2024, and was confirmed to be racing for Gresini Racing on 28 August 2024 replacing the factory Ducati bound Marc Márquez.
* Aleix Espargaró announced his retirement from racing at the 2024 Catalan Grand Prix.
* Pedro Acosta will move to the Red Bull KTM Factory Racing team, replacing Jack Miller.
* Marc Márquez and Jorge Martín were linked with the Lenovo Ducati factory squad all throughout the first half of the season as the top performing Ducatis. In Barcelona and Mugello, it was set to be confirmed that Jorge Martin would replace Bastianini, but after the Italian Grand Prix weekend, it was reported that Marquez was chosen to replace Bastianini. During the Mugello Test, Jorge Martín announced that he would be joining Aprilia Racing, replacing the retiring Aleix Espargaró. 2 days later, Ducati announced that Marc Márquez would join their factory team alongside Francesco Bagnaia.
* KTM announced Enea Bastianini and Maverick Viñales would join their Tech3 team, replacing Pedro Acosta and Augusto Fernández.
* Aprilia Racing announced that Marco Bezzecchi would join alongside Jorge Martín, replacing Maverick Viñales.
* Miguel Oliveira signed an Yamaha factory contract and will be riding for Prima Pramac Racing.

## Calendar 
The following Grands Prix are confirmed to have a date in the 2025 season:

## References
Grey catbird

The **Gray catbird** (***Dumetella carolinensis***), (also spelled **grey catbird**), is a medium sized North American and Central American bird. It is the only member of the "catbird" genus ***Dumetella***. It is the basal lineages of the Mockingbird family, closely related to the thrasher and tremblers then the mockingbirds. In some areas it is known as the **slate-colored mockingbird**.

 

## Behavior 
### Breeding 
Their breeding habitat is somewhat open areas with thick, low plants; they are also found in cites, and neighborhoods. These birds mainly look for food on the ground in leaf piles, but also in shrubs and trees. They mainly eat arthropods and berries. In the winter they eat more fruit.

They build a bulky cup nest in a shrub or tree, close to the ground. Eggs are light blue in color. They lay about 1 to 5 eggs, with 2 to 3 eggs being the most common. Both parents take turns feeding the young birds.

### Feeding 
Gray catbirds are omnivores (eat animals and plants), and about 50% of their diet is fruit and berries. They also eat worms, beetles, and other bugs. In summer, gray catbirds will eat mostly ants, beetles, grasshoppers, caterpillars, and moths. They also eat berries from holly, cherries, elderberries, poison ivy, and blackberries. They also peck at the eggs of other birds, but it is unknown if they do this to eat the eggs or just to get rid of them.

## Pictures 

File:Gray_catbird_(85315).jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Gray_catbird_(85315).jpg|Gray catbird in Prospect Park
File:Dumetella_carolinensis-calling.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Dumetella_carolinensis-calling.jpg|alt=Calling at Naperville Riverwalk, IL|Calling at Naperville Riverwalk, Illinois
File:Dumetella_carolinensis_-Wildwood_Preserve_Metropark,_Toledo,_Ohio,_USA_-calls-8.ogv|Adult voicing cat-like sounds at Wildwood Preserve Metropark, Ohio
File:Catbird_in_Central_Park_(14585).jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Catbird_in_Central_Park_(14585).jpg|In a crab apple tree in New York
File:Gray_Catbird_nest_and_egg.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Gray_Catbird_nest_and_egg.jpg|Nest and egg in a cedar shrub 4 ft above the ground
File:Grey_catbird_(Dumetella_carolinensis)_Orange_Walk.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Grey_catbird_(Dumetella_carolinensis)_Orange_Walk.jpg|In Belize
File:Grey_catbird_(Dumetella_carolinensis)_feeding_on_custard_apple_(Annona_reticulata)_Orange_Walk.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Grey_catbird_(Dumetella_carolinensis)_feeding_on_custard_apple_(Annona_reticulata)_Orange_Walk.jpg|Feeding on custard apple (*Annona reticulata*)

## References
List of bishops, prince-bishops, and administrators of Minden

This list records the bishops

Thietmar of Minden  1185–1206

Franz von Waldeck 1530–1553

Julius, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg 1553–1554

Henry Julius, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg  1582–1585

Christian, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg  1599–1625

Franz Wilhelm von Wartenberg 1631–1648

The Prince-Bishopric was converted into a heritable monarchy, the Principality of Minden, ruled in personal union by the House of Hohenzollern in Brandenburg