open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Alessandra Mastronardi

**Alessandra Carina Mastronardi** (born February 18, 1986) is an Italian actress. She is best known for her roles in the movies *To Rome with Love* and *The Unbearable Weight of Massive Talent*. She also played Francesca	in the television series *Master of None*.

## References
## Other websites
*
Schenkenzell

**Schenkenzell** is a municipality in Rottweil in Baden-Württemberg in Germany. It is twinned with Schenkon in Switzerland. The current mayor of Schenkenzell is Bernd Heinzelmann since 2017. 

## References 
## Other websites 
* Official website 
* Schenkenzell pictures
Schiltach

**Schiltach** is a town in Rottweil in Baden-Württemberg in Germany. Schiltach is in the eastern Black Forest. It is at the confluence of the Schiltach and Kinzig rivers.

## References
Open society

**Open society** is an idea derived from philosophy and liberalism. 

Karl Popper defined an open society as one where "an individual is confronted with personal decisions" as opposed to a "magical or tribal or collectivist society."

The opposite of an open society is a totalitarian "closed" society, like those that occurred under fascism, Nazism, and Soviet Communism.

## Overview
French philosopher Henri Bergson first wrote about it in 1932. Karl Popper made the idea popular in his work *The Open Society and Its Enemies*. According to Popper, people create history through their decisions and actions. In contrast to this, historicism says there is an ideal way for society to be, and history develops toward this ideal. 

## Critique
According to Popper, the best form of government is a democracy. Popper says that in a democracy it is possible to have political transitions of power without bloodshed.

So-called closed societies tend to be inflexibly utopian in nature and justify suppression of discussion by appealing to people's ideas about an ideal society. 

In contrast, in an open society, discussion should always be possible. These discussions should also permit cultural changes. For this reason, freedom of opinion, freedom of speech, freedom of association and religious tolerance are very important values in an open society.

## Sources
Hyundai Mufasa

The **Hyundai Mufasa** is a compact Crossover SUV made by Hyundai since 2023 through Beijing Hyundai which is a joint venture between Hyundai and BAIC.

## History and Features 
The Hyundai Mufasa was first previewed by a concept car named Mufasa Adventure on March 2023.  the production version was launched in April at the Shanghai Auto Show and it was put on sale in June.   the car has a 2.0 liter petrol engine with a 6-speed automatic transmission.

## Markets 
Currently the Hyundai Mufasa is sold only in China but in 2024 it was exported to Kazakhstan.

## References
PBS Kids Preschool Block

***PBS Kids Preschool Block*** is a programming block of television series aimed at preschool aged children which aired on PBS Kids. The block premiered with *Curious George* on September 4, 2006 on Labor Day. The block was aired weekdays at 8:00 am local time on most PBS member stations. The block was discontinued on October 7, 2013 with the introduction of the updated PBS Kids brand.
Bräunlingen

**Bräunlingen** is a town in Schwarzwald-Baar, in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It is on the river Breg, 4&nbsp;km southwest of Donaueschingen.

## Notable people 
* Hermann Ohlicher (born 1949), former football player (VfB Stuttgart).

## References
Vöhringen

**Vöhringen** can mean:
* Vöhringen, Bavaria, a town in the district of Neu-Ulm in Germany
* Vöhringen, Baden-Württemberg, a municipality in the district of Rottweil in Germany
Sati (Hindu goddess)

**Sati** is also called Dakshayani. She is the Hindu goddess of power, marriage and longevity . People worship her as a form of the mother goddess Shakti. Sati was the first wife of Shiva.Later,  She took birth as Parvati. 

Sati's legend is mentioned in the books  Ramayana and Mahabharata. Sati was  Daksha’s favourite daughter. She later married lord Shiva against her father, but her father didn't agree with this. Later, Daksha holds a big fire-ritual called yajna but doesn't invite Sati and Shiva. Sati still went there. Her father insulted her husband Shiva. To defend her husband’s honour, Sati burns herself in  fire.

According to Hindu beliefs, both Sati and Parvati are beloved consorts of Shiva,.the Hindu god of destruction.

Sati is a significant goddess in  Shaivism and Shaktism.People believe that after Sati died, Shiva carried her body across the world. Her body parts fell in 51 places, and these places are now called Shakta pithas.

## History and textual background 
Scholars William J. Winkins and David R. Kinsley say that the Vedic scriptures (from the 2nd millennium BCE) do not talk about Sati-Parvati but mention two goddesses linked to Rudra — Rudrani and Ambika. In the Kena Upanishad, there is a goddess named Uma-Hemavati who acts as a guide between the gods and the Supreme Brahman.

Both old writings and objects show that Sati-Parvati first became important during the time of the Ramayana and the Mahabharata (1st millennium BCE).

The Mahabharata tells about Daksha’s yajna being destroyed, Kartikeya’s birth, the defeat of the Asura Taraka, and some playful moments between Shiva and Uma (Parvati). Scholars think that by the time of the Puranas (around the 4th to 13th century), stories of Sati and Parvati became very important. Kalidasa included these stories in his famous poem Kumarasambhavam (about the 5th to 6th century).

The Puranas that tell Sati’s story are the Vayu Purana, Skanda Purana, Bhagavata Purana, Kurma Purana, Padma Purana, Linga Purana, Shiva Purana, and Matsya Purana.

## References 
### Citations
Hyundai Alcazar

The **Hyundai Alcazar** is a compact Crossover SUV that has three row seating made by Hyundai since 2021.

## History and Features 
The Hyundai Alcazar was revealed in April 2021. and was launched in June of the same year. its based on the Hyundai Creta but its longer with three row seating with options of six and seven seats.

it has a 1.5 turbocharged and 2.0 petrol engine and a 1.5 diesel engine and it has a 6-speed manual and automatic transmission and a 7-speed DCT transmission it had a minor facelift in 2023 followed by a facelift in September 2024.

## Markets 
The Hyundai Alcazar is sold mainly in India its also sold as the Hyundai Creta Grand in Mexico also in South Africa the car is sold as the Hyundai Grand Creta and the Alcazar is sold in Dominican Republic as the Hyundai Cantus Lux.

## References
JAC Yiwei 3

The **JAC Yiwei 3** is a electric City car made by JAC Group under the Yiwei sub-brand since 2023.

## History and Features 
On April 2023 JAC Group announced the debut of Yiwei which is a sub-brand of budget Electric Cars and the preview of the first car of the sub-brand the Yiwei 3. the pre sales of the car started in May and the sales started in June. 

the car has a 41 kWh and a 51.5 kWh batteries the 41 kWh version has 70 kW (94 hp) and the 51.5 version has 100 kW (134 hp) also the 41 kWh version has a range of 405 Km (252 mi) the 51.5 kWh version has a range of 505 Km (314 mi) it also has a range of 400 Km (249 mi) with WLTP the Yiwei 3 comes with 5 colors which are white, beige, gray, green, and purple all with a black roof.

## Markets 
The JAC Yiwei 3 is currently sold in China but also in South America Central America and Middle East. where it was exported to these 3 regions in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) it is sold as the JAC EX30 and in Philipines its sold as the JAC Ytterby.

## References
Hardt, Baden-Württemberg

**Hardt** is a municipality in Rottweil in Baden-Württemberg in Germany.

## References 
## Other websites 
* Official website
André De Maerteleire

**André De Maerteleire** (30 March 1944 &ndash; 3 January 2025) was a Belgian road bicycle racer during the 1960s. 

Born in Eke in 1944, he started competing in 1960. He rode professionally for Leroux-Terrot in 1966 and Flandria-De Clerck from 1967 to 1968. He competed at highest level international competitions. He had four podium finishes at stages at the Volta a Portugal, a podium finish in a stage at the 1968 Tour de Suisse and a podium finish at the Circuit d'Auvergne. He also competed at the La Flèche Wallonne, Four Days of Dunkirk and Paris – Luxembourg.

He lived in Nazareth. He died on 3 January 2025 at the age of 80 years old. His funeral took place in Nazareth on 11 January 2025.

## References 
## Other websites 
*
Altbach

**Altbach** is a municipality in Esslingen in Baden-Württemberg in Germany.

## Geography 
Altbach is located between 245 and 450 meters above sea level, between the towns of Plochingen and Esslingen am Neckar, in the Neckar Valley.

## History 
Altbach was first mentioned in the year 783 in the Lorsch Codex. In the 13th century, the Counts of Aichelberg inherited the place and later sold parts of it to the Adelberg Monastery. With the arrival of the Protestant Reformation in 1535, the local rule came under Württemberg. Altbach remained under the control of the Adelberg Monastery.  

Since 1806, Altbach has been part of the Upper Administration of Esslingen within the Kingdom of Württemberg.  

## References
Hyundai ST1

The **Hyundai ST1** is a electric Light commercial vehicle made by Hyundai since 2024.

## History and Features 
The Hyundai ST1 was launched in March 2024 the name "ST1" means "Service Type 1" Hyundai describes the vehicle as a "purpose-bulit vehicle" (PBV) the dashbord and the cabin of the ST1 are from the Hyundai Staria.

It has a 76.1 kWh battery that has 160 KW (215 hp) the standard cargo version has a range of 317 km (197 mi) and the refrigerated cargo has a range of 298 km (185 mi). 

## Markets 
The Hyundai ST1 is sold only in South Korea but its sold in Europe under the Iveco brand as the Iveco eMoovy.

## References
Antequera

**Antequera** is a municipality in the province of Málaga, in Andalusia, Spain.

It has an area of 748.5 km² and a population of 41,472 people.
Wicked (2024 movie)

***Wicked*** is a 2024 American musical fantasy-comedy movie directed by Jon M. Chu and written by Winnie Holzman and Dana Fox. It is the first movie of a two-part movie series of the stage musical of the same name by Stephen Schwartz and Holzman.

## Cast
The movie stars Cynthia Erivo, Ariana Grande-Butera, Jonathan Bailey, Ethan Slater, Bowen Yang, Marissa Bode, Peter Dinklage, Michelle Yeoh and Jeff Goldblum.

## Sequel
A second sequel, *Wicked: For Good*, was released on November 21, 2025.

## References
## Other websites 
* 
*
Emilia Pérez

***Emilia Pérez*** is a 2024 Spanish-language French musical crime comedy movie written and directed by Jacques Audiard. 

The movie stars Zoe Saldaña, Karla Sofía Gascón, Selena Gomez, Adriana Paz, Mark Ivanir, and Édgar Ramírez. It is about a Mexican cartel leader who hires a lawyer to help her disappear and transitioning into a woman. 

## References
Karla Sofía Gascón

**Karla Sofía Gascón** (born 31 March 1972) is a Spanish actress. She is known for playing the main character in the musical crime movie *Emilia Pérez* (2024). For this role, she was nominated for a Golden Globe Award and an Academy Award, becoming the first transgender woman nominated for these awards. She played Lourdes Buendía in the teen drama series *Rebelde* (2022).

She came out as trans woman in 2016, and in 2018, she began her gender transition.

## Life
Karla Sofía Gascón was born 31 March 1972 in Alcobendas, Spain. She began her career after earning an acting degree from the ECAM. 

She appeared in Spanish daily soap opera *El súper* playing a flight attendant. Early roles also included movie appearances in *Se buscan fulmontis* (1999), *Me da igual* (2000), *Box 507* (2002), and *Say I Do* (2004).

Gascón is married to Marisa Gutiérrez, whom she met at the age of 19 at a nightclub in her hometown. Together they have a daughter, born in 2011.

In October 2024, Gascón became a Knight of the Ordre des Arts et des Lettres in France.

## References
## Other websites
*
The Brutalist

***The Brutalist*** is a 2024 epic period drama movie directed and produced by Brady Corbet.

## Plot
It is about a Hungarian-born Jewish architect who survives the Holocaust and emigrates to the United States, where he has a hard time until a rich client changes his life.

## Cast
The movies stars Adrien Brody as László Tóth, Felicity Jones, Guy Pearce, Joe Alwyn, Raffey Cassidy, Stacy Martin, Emma Laird, Isaach de Bankolé and Alessandro Nivola.

## References
Allobates caeruleodactylus

***Allobates caeruleodactylus*** is a frog.  It lives in Brazil.

## Home
These frogs live in igapó forests that have streams in them. The frog only lives where the streams flood for part of the year so that they connect and make pools.

Scientists have seen the frog in a few protected places: Floresta Nacional de Balata-Tufari, Floresta Nacional de Carajás, and Reserva de Desenvolvimento Sustentável Rio Amapa.

## Young
The male frogs sit on top of the dead leaves on the ground and call to the female frogs. The male frogs fight each other over good places to call to the female frogs.  They do this in April and May.

The tadpoles swim in pools of water that the streams make when they flood.

## Danger
Scientists say this frog is not in danger of dying out.  Human beings do cut down trees to get wood to build with. People also build towns and dig into the ground for good rocks and metal.

Scientists are not sure if people catch this frog to sell as a pet, but people have seen frogs in *Colostethus* that look like *A. caeruleodactylus* being sold as pets.

## References
Paco, Manila

**Paco**, formerly known as **Dilao**, is a district of Manila, Philippines, located south of the Pasig River and San Miguel, west of Santa Ana, southwest of Pandacan, north of Malate, northwest of San Andres Bukid, and east of Ermita.

## Origin
Paco was known as **Dilao** because of the Amaryllis plants that were once plentiful in this district. Dilao or *dilaw* is a Tagalog word for the color yellow. Although, some sources say, it was named Dilao or "Yellow Plaza" by the Spanish settlers because of the Japanese migrants who lived there, describing their physiognomy. Spanish Franciscan missionaries founded the town of Paco as early as 1580. Finally, the parish and locality became simply known as **Paco**, as it is today. The parish church itself retains its ancient name of *San Fernando de Dilao Church*.

## Modern History
Paco was incorporated in 1901 as a district of the newly chartered city of Manila. Onwards, from 1907 until 1949, Paco became part of the 2nd congressional district of Manila. Reapportionment of districts after the Second World War made Paco part of the 4th district from 1949 to 1972. The rechartered 1987 Philippine Constitution caused to Paco to split into the 5th and 6th congressional districts of the city, with the former covering the southern half and the latter covering the northern areas. According to the 2020 census, the entirety of Paco has a combined population of 79,839 people.

## Landmarks

File:San_Fernando_de_Dilao_Church,_Paco_historical_marker_(English)_(cropped).jpg|Paco Church historical marker
File:PacoDilaoChurchjf0094_01.JPG|Paco Parish Church
File:05663jfSaint Pius X Parish Church Parochial School Onyx Paco Manilafvf 10.jpg|Paco Catholic School
File:Paco_Public_Market_façade.jpg|Paco Public Market
File:WTMP A-trio a19 1.JPG|Façade of the Paco railway station
File:Pius_XII_Catholic_Center,_Paco,_Manila_(entrance).jpg|Pius XII Catholic Center
File:09324jfErmita_Paco_Manila_Buildings_Avenues_Bridges_Landmarksfvf_15.jpg|Paco Sikh Temple
File:View_from_the_pathway_at_Paco_Park.JPG|Paco Park and Spanish colonial period cemetery

## References
René Roelens

**René Roelens** (24 March 1931 – 25 December 2024) was a Belgian politician. He ran eight times for the municipality, seven times for the province and once for the senate. He served as mayor of  Houthulst from 1979 to 1989. He was a member of the Party for Freedom and Progress (PVV) and Open Flemish Liberals and Democrats (Open VLD).

## Biography
### Political career
Roelens was interested in politics already at primary school. He ran for office for the first time in 1970 and for the second time in 1976 for the Party for Freedom and Progress (PVV). He became mayor of  Houthulst in 1979. He was mayor until 1989. He was afterwards  (alderman in Belgium) until 1995 and was a member of the municipal council until 2001. Roelens was also for many years member of the Provincial Council. He ran for office for the last time in 2018 for Open Flemish Liberals and Democrats (Open VLD), but he was not elected.
He is described as a man of the people, who was approachable and always willing to help. He is also described as “a leader who connected people and gave them hope”. He had a vegetable garden which was his great hobby.
After his wife died on 11 January 2024, Roelens died in Houthulst on 25 December 2024 at the age of 93 years old. His funeral service took take place at the Sint Jozefkerk in Jonkershove on 2 January 2025. Mayor Jeroen Vandromme was one of the speakers.

## References
Legiit

**Legiit** is an American online marketplace that connects freelancers with clients seeking services across various industries, including digital marketing, graphic design, writing and web development, It was established in 2018. 

## References 
## Other websites 
* Legiit on Tracxn
Travelers Rest High School

**Travelers Rest High School** is a public high school in Travelers Rest, South Carolina. The school is an International Baccalaureate school.

The old Travelers Rest high school building was used in the 2008 film *Leatherheads*, starring George Clooney.

## References
The Vivienne

**James Lee Williams** (12 April 1992 – 5 January 2025), known as **The Vivienne**, was a British drag performer, singer and actor. He was known for being the UK Drag Ambassador in 2015 for American reality television series ''RuPaul's Drag Race*. Hed won the first series of *RuPaul's Drag Race UK* in 2019. He became the first drag performer to compete on *Dancing on Ice* in 2023. He starred as the Wicked Witch of the West for *The Wizard of Oz'' in the 2024 UK tour.

Williams died at his home in Chorlton-by-Backford, Cheshire on 5 January 2025 at the age of 32.

## References
## Other websites
*The Vivienne on the IMDb
2010-11 Austrian football championship

The **2010-11 Austrian football championship** was the 100th season of a top Austrian league and the 37th under the name Bundesliga. The Bundesliga was sponsored  by the sports betting provider tipp3 as the main sponsor. The subsponsor is the mobile phone provider T-Mobile Austria. The official league name is *tipp3-Bundesliga powered by T-Mobile*.

With the exception of Vorarlberg and Carinthia, all Austrian federal states are represented in the Bundesliga. Vienna, Upper Austria and Styria each have two clubs. SK Sturm Graz became Austrian champions. The champions of the second highest league  were FC Admira Wacker Mödling. They were promoted to the top division.

The TV provider Sky Deutschland AG has the rights to show all Bundesliga games in full length. They broadcast thhis on the Sky Sport Austria channel. For the first time, the broadcaster will show all games not only in the familiar conference call, but also as individual games.

The scandal of the season occurred on 22 May  2011 at the derby between Rapid and Austria. Spectators from the Rapid sector stormed the pitch and forced the game to be abandoned. The Bundesliga responded with a record fine : €50,000 fine and 2 games without spectators for Rapid. In July 2011  Rapid was ordered reduced to play 1 game without spectators. 

## Teams
Austria Kärnten were relegated after finishing the 2009–10 season in 10th and last place. They were replaced by First League champions Wacker Innsbruck.

## League table

## Results
Teams played each other four times in the league. In the first half of the season each team played every other team twice (home and away), and then did the same in the second half of the season.

### First half of season
### Second half of season
## Top goalscorers
*Including matches played on 25 May 2011; Source:Austrian Bundesliga*

## References
Cantonment Oglethorpe

**Cantonment Oglethorpe** was a United States Army base near Savannah, Georgia from 1826 to 1835. The base was built on 28 acres of farmland about half a mile south of the city. About 100 soldiers and their families lived there.

The base became known because many people died from malaria. Between 1826 and 1828, over 100 soldiers, women, and children died from the disease. The Army tried different ways to keep soldiers healthy. They moved soldiers to other places during the summer when disease was worst. In 1835, the Army built new barracks inside the city and closed Cantonment Oglethorpe.

In 1853, the United States government gave the land to the City of Savannah. Part of the old base is now in Forsyth Park. The rest became streets and houses in Savannah's Victorian Historic District.

## History 
### Why the base was built 
The city of Savannah asked the federal government to send soldiers to the city. All Army troops had left Savannah in 1824. City leaders wanted soldiers nearby to help keep order. At this time, slavery was common in Georgia. White people in Savannah were worried about slave rebellions. They thought having soldiers nearby would help prevent problems.

The neighborhood built on the old base land is called Lloyd Ward. People built houses there in the 1860s and 1880s. Many of these old houses still stand today.

## References
Jessica Gunning

**Jessica Faye Gunning** (born 21 May 1986) is an English actress. She has appeared in the TV series *White Heat* (2012), *What Remains* (2013), *Back* (2017–2021), and *The Outlaws* (2021–2024). 

Gunning became well known for her role as Martha Scott in *Baby Reindeer* (2024). She won a Primetime Emmy Award and a Golden Globe Award for this role.

Gunning is openly lesbian.

## References
## Other websites
*
Hyundai Staria

The **Hyundai Staria** is a Minivan made by Hyundai since 2021 it replaced the Hyundai Starex. 

## History and Features 
The interior and exterior images of the Hyundai Staria where First show in March 2021.  the Staria follows Hyundai`s new design theme called "inside out" its said that the Minivan has the look of a spaceship and has a wide open cabin. it was released in 2021 the Staria has a 3.5 V6 Petrol engine a 3.5 V6 petrol/LPG engine and 2.2 liter Diesel engine it also has a hybrid version and has a 6-speed manual and automatic transmission and a 8-speed automatic transmission.

The Minivan have versions called the Staria Lounge a more luxurious version of the Vehicle launched in August 2021 that has features like a 64-color ambient light in some regions its the only version of the Staria avaliable. another version the Staria Lounge Limousine a more luxurious version of the Staria Lounge was launched in April 2022. Some of its Features include a 25-inch display in the rear seat a built-in air purifier, and a starry sky lighting mood there`s also a camping version called the Staria Lounge Camper that was also launched in April 2022.

## Markets 
The Hyundai Staria is currently sold in Latin America, South Korea, Middle East, Russia, Southeast Asia, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa and Europe.

## References
Fool's errand

A '''fool's errand''' is a prank where a new employee is sent to retrieve a non-existent tool or other item.

## Examples
* A box of spots for the spot welder
* A box of benzene rings.
* A left-handed screwdriver
* A roll of fallopian tube or umbilical cord
* A long weight (long wait)
* A board stretcher or cable stretcher
* Blinker fluid
* Piston return springs
* A box of spark plug sparks
* A wireless extension cord
* Spark plugs for a diesel engine
* Dehydrated water
* Striped paint
* A can of elbow grease
* A bucket of prop wash
* A roll of shoreline

## Counterexamples
Some items that were once the subject of this prank have since been invented:
* WLAN or WiFi cables - some newer WiFi routers have antennas connected with cables
* A battery-powered outlet - self-contained battery-powered AC power sources are now available
* Light bulbs frosted on the inside - once considered impossible but now commonplace
* Exhaust fluid - many modern diesel engines use it
* A new bubble for a level - as of 2025 it can be ordered online as a replacement part
Albanian Revolt of 1922

The **Albanian Revolt of 1922** was an attempt by rebel leaders to remove the Albanian government in Tirana. The revolt happened in March 1922. It was led by Bajram Curri, Hasan Prishtina, and Elez Isufi. They wanted to take control of the government but failed. 

## Background 
In 1922, Albania was a new country tryin.to create a stable government after becoming independent in 1912. Many people were unhappy with the government led by **Ahmet Zogu**, who was the Minister of Internal Affairs. The rebels wanted a different government that better represented their ideas.

## The Revolt 
The rebellion began on March 8 1922. **Bajram Curri**, **Hasan Prishtina**, and **Elez Isufi** organized their forces and tried to take over Tirana. However, they did not succeed because **Ahmet Zogu** had a strong military and support from his allies.

On 11 March 1922, the revolt was crushed by Captain **Prenk Pervizi**. The British ambassador to Albania, **Harry Eyres**, played a key role in ending the revolt. He convinced one of the rebel commanders to surrender, which helped the government defeat the uprising.

## Results 
The revolt failed, and **Ahmet Zogu** remained in power. **Bajram Curri** and **Hasan Prishtina** continued to fight against Zogu’s government, but their influence became weaker after this event.
## References
Gunner Kiel

**Gunner Kiel** was an American football quarterback that played for the Notre Dame Fighting Irish and for the Cincinnati Bearcats.
## References 
*indystar article on Kiel
Nikki Glaser

**Nikki Glaser** (; born June 1, 1984) is an American stand-up comedian, actress, and television host. She hosted the television series *Not Safe with Nikki Glaser*. She hosted the reality TV dating shows *Blind Date* (2019) and *FBoy Island* (2021–). She also hosted the 2025 Golden Globe Awards, which made her the first solo female host in Golden Globes history.

## References
## Other websites
*
Roger Pratt (cinematographer)

**Roger James Edward Pratt** (27 February 1947 – December 2024) was a British cinematographer. He was known for his works in *Batman* (1989), *Frankenstein* (1994), *102 Dalmatians* (2000), *Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets* (2002), *Troy* (2004), *Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire* (2005), *Inkheart* (2008) and *The Karate Kid* (2010).

Pratt was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Cinematography for his work in *The End of the Affair* (1999).

Pratt died in December 2024 at the age of 77.

## References
## Other websites
*
2013 Liberal Party of Canada leadership election

The **2013 Liberal Party of Canada leadership election** happened when Michael Ignatieff announced on May 3, 2011 his plans to resign as leader after the party lost in the 2011 federal election. 

On May 25, 2011, Bob Rae was made interim leader. The party announced Justin Trudeau as its new leader on April 14, 2013, in Ottawa, Ontario.

Justin Trudeau would go on to become the 23rd prime minister of Canada in the 2015 Canadian federal election.

## Results
Justin Trudeau won the 2013 Liberal leadership in a landslide first-ballot victory and led the third-place party into a majority government in the 2015 federal election. The voter turnout was 82.16% of all registered voters.

: = Winner

## References
Pula Nikolao Pula

'''Pulaali'i Tuiteleleapaga Iuli Nikolao Pula''' (born December 31, 1955) is an American Samoan politician. He has been the 9th and current governor of American Samoa since 2025.

## References
## Other websites
Michael Ignatieff

**Michael Grant Ignatieff**  (; born May 12, 1947) is a Canadian author, academic and former politician. He was the leader of the Liberal Party and leader of the Opposition from 2008 until 2011. He resigned in May 2011 after his party lost in the 2011 federal election.

## References
## Other websites
* Michael Ignatieff Homepage
Pulu Ae Ae Jr.

**Pulu Ae Ae Jr.** is an American Samoan Republican politician. He has been the 11th and current lieutenant governor of American Samoa since 2025.

## References
Pablo Hernández Rivera

**Pablo José Hernández Rivera** (born May 11, 1991) is a Puerto Rican politician. He has been the Resident Commissioner of Puerto Rico since 2025.

## References
Antonio Colorado

**Antonio José Colorado Laguna** (born September 8, 1939) is an American lawyer and politician. He was Secretary of State of Puerto Rico from 1990 to 1992 and Resident Commissioner of Puerto Rico from 1992 to 1993 under the administration of Rafael Hernández Colón.

## References
Jenniffer González-Colón

**Jenniffer González Colón** (born August 5, 1976) or **JGo** is a Puerto Rican born politician serving as the governor of Puerto Rico since 2025. Before becoming governor, she was the 20th resident commissioner of Puerto Rico from 2017 to 2025. 

Before, González-Colón was the chair of the Puerto Rico Republican Party, speaker and minority leader of the House of Representatives of Puerto Rico, and vice-chair of the PNP. She is the second elected and third serving female governor, after Sila María Calderón and Wanda Vázquez Garced, and she is also the first and only woman to be elected or serve as resident commissioner.
## References
Secretary of State of Puerto Rico

The **secretary of state of Puerto Rico** is a political position that helps promote cultural, political, and economical relations between Puerto Rico to the United States or foreign countries. The secretary also becomes acting governor when the governor is unable to perform his duties.

## List of secretaries
## Notes
## References
Marisara Pont Marchese

**Marisara Pont Marchese** (born October 29, 1941) is a Puerto Rican politician. She was the Secretary of State of Puerto Rico for a few months in 2005.

## References
Verónica Ferraiuoli

**Verónica Ferraiuoli Hornedo** is a Puerto Rican politician and lawyer. She has been the secretary of state of Puerto Rico since 2025.

## References
Tobias Read

**Tobias Read** (born July 1, 1975) is an American Democratic politician. He has been the 30th and current Oregon Secretary of State since 2025. He was the 29th Oregon State Treasurer from 2017 to 2025. He was a member of the Oregon House of Representatives, representing the 27th district from 2007 to 2017.

Read was a candidate for governor of Oregon in the 2022 election, however he lost the Democratic nomination to Tina Kotek.

## References
Luis Fortuño

**Luis Guillermo Fortuño Burset** (born 31 October 1960) is a Puerto Rican politician. He was the Governor of Puerto Rico from 2009 to 2013. He also was the 18th Resident Commissioner of Puerto Rico from 2005 to 2009. From 2017 to 2021, he also was the Shadow Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Puerto Rico.

## References
## Other websites
* Office of the Governor of Puerto Rico
* Fortuño's MySpace site
* Biography by CIDOB Foundation (Spanish)
* * Caribbean Business* article on Dec. 2006 Caribbean Business/Gaither/WOSO poll
* General profile 2008
*
Yakisugi

***Yakisugi*** () is a traditional, very old Japanese method of making wood last longer. In Japan, it is known for more than two hundred years. Sometimes it is also called shou sugi ban (焼杉板).

By using fire, the surface of the wood is burned, which makes the surface turn to coal. By doing so, rain and water will do less damage to the wood surface.  Also insects or fungi do damage the wood because they do not like it. 

## Examples 
Many famous persons who are building houses use *yakisugi.* It now is becoming also becoming popular in other regions, like Europe and North America. 

## References 
*
Amy Sinclair

**Amy Sinclair** (born 1975) is an American Republican politician. She has been a member of the Iowa Senate since 2013. In 2024, she was the acting Lieutenant Governor of Iowa.

## References
Chris Cournoyer

**Chris Cournoyer** (born July 24, 1970) is an American politician. She has been the 48th and current Lieutenant Governor of Iowa since December 2024. She replaced Adam Gregg, who resigned from the role in September 2024. Cournoyer is a member of the Republican Party. She was an Iowa state senator from 2019 to 2024.

## References
Hyundai Stargazer

The **Hyundai Stargazer** is a compact MPV made by Hyundai since 2022.

## History and Features 
The Hyundai Stargazer was introduced for the first time in July 15 2022 and its first units were rolled out of the assemble line in Cikarang.   it was released and debuted on Gaikindo Indonesia Auto Show in August 2022. The MPV has a 1497 cc petrol engine and a 6-speed IVT manual transmission and a more rugged-style version called the Stargazer X was revealed at the Galkindo Indonesia Auto Show in 2023.

## Markets 
The Hyundai Stargazer is sold in Indonesia and also in Thailand, Vietnam, the Philippines and Brunei and Middle East while the Stargazer X is sold only in Indonesia, Thailand and the Philippines.

## References
Maine Senate

The **Maine Senate** is the upper house of the Maine Legislature, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Maine. The Senate is made up of 35 members representing an equal number of districts across the state. 

## References
Maine Legislature

The **Maine State Legislature** is the state legislature of the U.S. state of Maine. It is a bicameral body made of the lower house Maine House of Representatives and the upper house Maine Senate. The legislature meets at the State House in Augusta, where it has met since 1832.

The House of Representatives has 151 members. The House is uniquely the only state legislative body in the U.S. to have special seats for American Indians. They represent the Penobscot Nation, the Passamaquoddy Tribe, and the Houlton Band of Maliseets. The Senate currently has 35 members.

## References
Allobates vanzolinius

***Allobates vanzolinius*** is a frog.  It lives in Brazil.

## Home
This frog lives in Amazonas, not very high above sea level. It lives in forests that have never been cut down and in forests that are growing back.

The place where the frog lives has many protected parks in it. Scientists have seen the frog in one of them: Reserva Extrativista do Baixo Juruá.

## Young
The female frog lays eggs on the ground. After the eggs hatch, the adult frogs carry the tadpoles to water.

## Danger
Scientists say this frog is not in danger of dying out.  Human beings do cut down trees to get wood to build with. Fires are also dangerous for this frog.

## First paper
*

## References
Maine House of Representatives

The **Maine House of Representatives** is the lower house of the Maine Legislature. The House is made of 151 voting members and three nonvoting members. The voting members represent an equal number of districts across the state. The House also has nonvoting members representing three of Maine's Native American tribes.

## Notes
## References
Sharon Carson

**Sharon Carson** (born November 11, 1957) is an American politician. She has been a member of the New Hampshire Senate since 2008. She was in the New Hampshire House of Representatives from Rockingham's 3rd district from 2000 to 2008. In 2024, she became President of the New Hampshire Senate.

## References
New Hampshire Senate

The **New Hampshire Senate** is the upper house of the New Hampshire General Court. The Senate has been meeting since 1784. The Senate is made of 24 members representing Senate districts.

## References
Al MacNeil

**Allister Wences MacNeil** (September 27, 1935 – January 5, 2025) was a Canadian professional ice hockey defenceman. He played for the Toronto Maple Leafs, Montreal Canadiens, Chicago Black Hawks, New York Rangers and the Pittsburgh Penguins between 1956 and 1970.

MacNeil died on January 5, 2025 at his home in Calgary, Canada at the age of 89.

## References
## Other websites
*
Baixo Juruá Extractive Reserve

The **Baixo Juruá Extractive Reserve** (*Reserva Extrativista do Baixo Juruá*) is a protected place in Amazonas, Brazil. Some people live in the Amazon rainforest in the reserve, but they do not build big roads or big towns. Instead, the people who live in the park grow manioc on farms, raise animals, fish, hunt, and eat wild plants.

## Location
The Baixo Juruá Extractive Reserve has two towns in it: Uarini (38.33%) and Juruá (61.67%) in Amazonas.
It is  in size.
The reserve is about  away from Manaus by boat.
The reserve is mostly in the place between the Juruá and the Uarini rivers that can flood.
Juruá is west of the reserve, the Andirá River to the south, the Copacá River, a tributary of the Uarini, on the east and the Arapapá stream, a tributary of the Juruá, to the north.
The Juruá and Uarini rivers go north from the reserve, passing on either side of the Kumaru do Lago Ualá Indigenous Territory, to join the Solimões River.
The south of the reserve adjoins the Tefé National Forest.

## History
The government of Brazil made the Baixo Juruá Extractive Reserve on 1 August 2001. They made the reserve to make sure people would use the resources in the reserve in a way that would last a long time and to make sure the people living in the reserve could keep their culture.
It is classed as IUCN protected area category VI (protected area with sustainable use of natural resources).
It became part of the Central Amazon Ecological Corridor, established in 2002.
The reserve is managed by the Chico Mendes Institute for Biodiversity Conservation.
The deliberative council was created on 4 November 2008.
The participative management plan was approved on 16 November 2009.
As of 2016, the reserve was supported by the Amazon Region Protected Areas Program.

## Environment
The reserve is  above sea level.
The park is between  with an average of .
Annual rainfall is .
The soils is not good for growing plants by itself. When the Juruá River floods, good chemicals come in the water.
The reserve is almost all tropical forest, with only about 0.6% cleared for fields by the people who live there.
Forests coverage includes flooded forests and forests that do not flood.
Many fish swim in the rivers and streams.

## Economy
Many groups of people live in the reserve. Some of the groups stay by themselves and do old traditions from before Europeans found South America. Other groups of people mix and talk to outsiders often.
Most of the groups are next to the Juruá or to streams or lakes.
The food that people eat the most is manioc flour. People hunt and catch wild animals and look for wild fruit and other plants to have different things to eat. Many people also keep chickens, ducks, pigs and cattle.
There are some places where people have caught too many fish and turtles.
IBAMA/Tefé cannot provide enough professional workers to fix these problems.

## References
## Sources
*
*
*
*
*
Millennium Falcon

The **Millennium Falcon** is a starship from the *Star Wars* fictional universe. It is seen in the original and sequel trilogy movies and many books, games, toys, and other things.

The ship was originally owned by Lando Calrissian, before being won in a game of chance by Han Solo and his first mate, Chewbacca.

It makes extensive appearances in the Star Wars films, serving as a primary focus in The Original Trilogy and the Sequel Trilogy.

## Creation
The Millennium Falcon was first made for the movie *Star Wars: A New Hope* by Industrial Light & Magic (ILM). Joe Johnston made models to redesign the Falcon in *four weeks* and the sound effect was made by Ben Burtt.

## Related pages
*X-Wing Fighter
*TIE fighter

## References
## Other websites
*Intricate Illustrations of *Star Wars* Spacecraft Cutouts Reveal Their Inner Mechanics  by Leah Pellegrini April 23, 2016
List of monarchs of Laos

## list 
### king
### Kingdom of Champasak (Bassac) (1713–1904) 
The Kingdom of Champasak declared itself independent from the Kingdom of Vientiane in 1713. The Kingdom of Champasak comprised the area south of the Xe Bang River as far as Stung Treng together with the areas of the lower Mun and Xi rivers on the Khorat Plateau (now the Isaan area of modern Thailand). The Kingdom was annexed by Siam in 1829 following the Chao Anouvong Rebellion, and subsequent kings were confirmed in Bangkok. From 1893 French took administrative control over parts of the kingdom, in 1904 the kingdom was reduced to a provincial governorship but still included the political involvement of the Na Champasak royal family. From 1941 to 1945 Thailand exploited France's weakness during World War II to acquire Champasak and other Lao lands on the right bank of the Mekong. In 1946 Champasak was ceded back to France and Chao Boun Oum remitted all claims to an independent kingship in order to unify Laos. The Kingdom of Laos (1946–75) was then formed under the Luang Prabang line of kingship.

; Kings

### Kingdom of Luang Prabang (1707–1893) & French Protectorate of Laos (1893–1947) 
### Principality of Xiang Khouang (Muang Phuan) (1707–1899) 
The Muang of Xiang Khouang was a semi-autonomous region in Laos in what is now Xiang Khouang province. The Phuan (Pu’on) monarchy claims descent from Khun Borom and were part of the Lan Xang mandala. Geographic isolation and frequent warfare produced periods where the Phuan kings tried to assert more authority, but the region remained only a key vassalage for surrounding kingdoms. The region features prominently in the 18th and 19th century as valuable coalition piece for the rival kingdoms of Vientiane and Champasak. Xiang Khouang was a trade frontier, and also a frequent point of invasion, and so has more cultural influences from China and Vietnam.

; Kings

### Kingdom of Laos (1947–1975) 
## References
Jessica Alexander

**Jessica Caroline Alexander** (born 19 June 1999) is an English actress. She became well known for her roles in the BBC iPlayer series *Get Even* (2020) and in Disney's live-action musical fantasy movie *The Little Mermaid* (2023) as Vanessa.

Jessica Caroline Alexander was born on 19 June 1999 in Westminster, London, England. She began acting at the age five.

Alexander is openly bisexual.

## References
## Other websites
*
Jenny Randerson, Baroness Randerson

**Jennifer Elizabeth Randerson, Baroness Randerson** (26 May 1948 – 4 January 2025) was a Welsh Liberal Democrat member of the House of Lords from 2011 until her death. She was an Assembly Member for Cardiff Central from 1999 to 2011.

Baroness Randerson died on 4 January 2025 in Cardiff, Wales at the age of 76.

## References
## Other websites
*Jenny Randerson AM official biography at the Welsh Assembly website
*Jenny Randerson AM profile at the site of Welsh Liberal Democrats
*
Linguistic anthropology

**Linguistic anthropology** is the study of how language affects social life. It is a part of anthropology that started with the effort to record languages that might disappear and has grown over the last hundred years to cover most parts of how language is built and used.

Linguistic anthropology looks at how language shapes how people talk, creates social identity and belonging, helps organize big cultural ideas and beliefs, and builds a shared way of seeing the natural and social world.

## References
Noma Dumezweni

**Noma Dumezweni** (born 28 July 1969) is a South African-British actress. In 2006, she won the Laurence Olivier Award for Best Performance in a Supporting Role for her role as Ruth Younger in *A Raisin in the Sun*. In 2017, she won the Laurence Olivier Award for Best Actress in a Supporting Role for her role as Hermione Granger in the original West End run of *Harry Potter and the Cursed Child*.

## References
## Other websites
*
Nicolaas Klei

**Nicolaas Klei** (6 January 1961 – 4 January 2025) was a Dutch wine critic. He invented the Dutch term "omfietswijn" (detour wine) and was known for his *Supermarktwijngids* (Supermarket Wine Guide) and *Omfietswijngids* (dertour wine guide). He had also columns in magazines and on the radio.

## Biography
Klei was born in 1961 in Amsterdam and graduated in legal history. His father was journalist and columnist . His first *Supermarktwijngids* (Supermarket wine guide) was published in 2001 and was afterwards published annually. He invented the Dutch term "omfietwijn" (detour wine) and from 2013 the guide was named *Omfietswijngids* (Detour wine guide). Klei had columns and wine sections in multiple magazines, including *Elsevier Weekblad* and he had for a short time his own magazine *Nicolaas*. He had a radio column on *Radio Mangiare!*.

Klei was married and lived in Amsterdam. He died there on 4 January 2025, at the age of 63.

## References
Mullet (fish)

The **mullets**, also called **grey mullets**, are a family of fish with ray-shaped fins. They live in warm and cool waters near coasts all over the world, and some live in fresh water too. People in Mediterranean Europe have eaten mullets as food since Roman times. There are about 78 kinds of mullets in 26 groups.

Mullets are easy to recognize because they have two separate fins on their backs, small triangle-shaped mouths, and no side-line organ. They eat small bits of dead plants and animals. Most mullets have very strong stomachs and a special throat to help them digest food.

## Development 
The growth of young mullet fish has been studied a lot. The baby stages of one type, Mugil cephalus, are studied more because it lives in many places and is important for fish farming. In 2021, scientists looked closely at how the bones of this fish grow. They found four stages before hatching and six stages after. This study helped explain some unclear things about adult mullets and gave useful details for studying how mullets are related. It also helped fish farmers know how to spot problems when raising mullets.

## References 
### Citations
Mattie Daughtry

**Matthea Elisabeth Larsen Daughtry** (born March 9, 1987) is an American politician. She has been the President of the Maine Senate since 2024. She is a Democrat. She has been a member of the Maine Senate since 2020. She is the youngest Senate president in Maine history.

## References
Food engineering

**Food engineering** is a study and work field that uses ideas from engineering, science, and math to make and manage food. This includes how food is processed, produced, handled, stored, kept fresh, checked, packaged, and delivered.

Because it uses food science and other types of engineering like electrical, mechanical, civil, chemical, industrial, and agricultural engineering, food engineering is a mix of many fields and is a small, focused area.

## References 
### Citations
2025 Liberal Party of Canada leadership election

From February 26 to March 9, 2025, members of the Liberal Party of Canada voted on a replacement for Justin Trudeau after he announced his plans to resign as the party leader and Prime Minister of Canada.

Mark Carney, the former governor of the Bank of Canada, won the election with over 85% of the vote as well as a majority in all 343 ridings. This margin of victory passed Justin Trudeau's 2013 leadership victory margin in vote share, points, and ridings. the first prime minister in Canadian history to not have previously held elected office. Carney later called a snap federal election on March 23, where he ran and won in Nepean.

## Candidates
### Approved
### Declined 
* Anita Anand, Minister of Transport and Internal Trade (2024–present), MP for Oakville (2019–present)
* François-Philippe Champagne, Minister of Innovation, Science and Industry (2021–present), MP for Saint-Maurice—Champlain (2015–present)
*Christy Clark, Premier of British Columbia (2011–2017), Deputy Premier of British Columbia (2001–2004)
* Sean Fraser, Minister of Housing, Infrastructure and Communities (2023–2024), MP for Central Nova (2015–present)
* Mélanie Joly, Minister of Foreign Affairs (2021–present), MP for Ahuntsic-Cartierville (2015–present)
*Dominic LeBlanc, Minister of Finance (2024–present), Minister of Intergovernmental Affairs (2020–present), MP for Beauséjour (2000–present)
* Steven MacKinnon, Minister of Employment, Workforce Development and Labour (2024–present), MP for Gatineau (2015–present)
*Marc Miller, Minister of Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship (2023–present), MP for Ville-Marie–Le Sud-Ouest–Île-des-Sœurs (2015–present)
* Jonathan Wilkinson, Minister of Energy and Natural Resources (2021–present), MP for North Vancouver (2015–present)

## References