open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
2018 FIFA World Cup qualification (CONMEBOL)

The **2018 CONMEBOL FIFA World Cup qualification (CONMEBOL)** tournament was held from 8 October 2015 to 10 October 2017 and was used to determine which South American teams will qualify for the 2018 FIFA World Cup.

Ten teams participated in the tournament. Edinson Cavani (Uruguay) was the top scorer with 10 goals.

## Results 
### Table 
Peru moved on to the inter-confederation play-offs, which is a tournament between 4th and 5th placed teams from other international world cup qualification tournaments.

### Matches 
## Goalscorers 
;10 goals

* Edinson Cavani

;7 goals

* Lionel Messi
* Alexis Sánchez
* Felipe Caicedo

;6 goals

* Gabriel Jesus
* Neymar
* Paulinho
* Arturo Vidal
* James Rodríguez

;5 goals

* Eduardo Vargas
* Enner Valencia
* Edison Flores
* Paolo Guerrero
* Josef Martínez
* Luis Suárez

;4 goals

* Juan Carlos Arce
* Philippe Coutinho
* Willian
* Darío Lezcano
* Christian Cueva
* Rómulo Otero

;3 goals

* Pablo Escobar
* Renato Augusto
* Carlos Bacca
* Edwin Cardona
* Jefferson Farfán
* Martín Cáceres
* Diego Godín

;2 goals

* Ángel Di María
* Gabriel Mercado
* Lucas Pratto
* Marcelo Martins Moreno
* Rodrigo Ramallo
* Douglas Costa
* Filipe Luís
* Ricardo Oliveira
* Esteban Paredes
* Mauricio Pinilla
* Radamel Falcao
* Miller Bolaños
* Romario Ibarra
* Fidel Martínez
* Derlis González
* Cristian Rodríguez
* Diego Rolán
* Mikel Villanueva

;1 goal

* Lucas Biglia
* Ramiro Funes Mori
* Gonzalo Higuaín
* Ezequiel Lavezzi
* Nicolás Otamendi
* Gilbert Álvarez
* Rudy Cardozo
* Alejandro Chumacero
* Yasmani Duk
* Ronald Raldes
* Dani Alves
* Lucas Lima
* Marcelo
* Miranda
* Roberto Firmino
* Felipe Gutiérrez
* Abel Aguilar
* Juan Cuadrado
* Teófilo Gutiérrez
* Yerry Mina
* Sebastián Pérez
* Macnelly Torres
* Gabriel Achilier
* Michael Arroyo
* Frickson Erazo
* Ángel Mena
* Arturo Mina
* Jefferson Montero
* Cristian Ramírez
* Antonio Valencia
* Júnior Alonso
* Lucas Barrios
* Édgar Benítez
* Víctor Cáceres
* Óscar Cardozo
* Paulo da Silva
* Richard Ortiz
* Cristian Riveros
* Ángel Romero
* Óscar Romero
* Antonio Sanabria
* Bruno Valdez
* André Carrillo
* Paolo Hurtado
* Christian Ramos
* Raúl Ruidíaz
* Renato Tapia
* Sebastián Coates
* Abel Hernández
* Nicolás Lodeiro
* Álvaro Pereira
* Carlos Sánchez
* Federico Valverde
* Richard Blanco
* Yangel Herrera
* Juanpi
* Jacobo Kouffati
* Jhon Murillo
* Mario Rondón
* Salomón Rondón
* Christian Santos

;1 own goal

* Marquinhos ()
* Arturo Vidal ()
* David Ospina ()
* Walter Ayoví ()
* Édgar Benítez ()
* Gustavo Gómez ()
* Rolf Feltscher ()
* Diego Godín ()
* Gastón Silva ()

## Other websites 
* 
* Qualifiers – South America , FIFA.com
* FIFA World Cup Russia 2018, CONMEBOL.com
People's Party (United States)

The '''People's Party** (also known as the **Populist Party'*) was a left-wing political party in the United States.

The party wanted direct election of senators, government ownership of the railroads, telegraph and telephone systems, price support for farmers, a graduated income tax, unilimited silver coinage, an 8-hour work day and more propositions and referendums.

The party was formed in 1891 after a series of conferences involving the leaders of a few agrarian organizations.

The Populists were very popular among farmers in the southwest and Great Plains. The party nominated James B. Weaver as their presidential candidate for the 1892 election, and he would later receive 8.5% of the popular vote and win 5 states. In the 1896 presidential election, the party nominated Democratic nominee William Jennings Bryan, who supported many of the Populist ideas. To separate themselves from the Democrats, they nominated Thomas E. Watson as their vice-presidential candidate, instead of Democrat pick Arthur Sewall. During this election, the populist party slowly began to merge into the Democratic party. Bryan would later lose the presidency to Republican William McKinley. Although the Populist party nominated candidates in the next three presidential elections, their support heavily dropped as many began to support the Democrats or Republicans, or follow Eugene V. Debs to his new Socialist Party.

The party also had success in the House of Representatives elections. In 1890 they won 8 seats, in 1892 they won 11 seats, in 1894 they won 9 seats, in 1896 they won 22 seats, in 1898 they won 6 seats and finally, in 1900 they won 5 seats.

The party disbanded in 1908. The last known activity of the official Populist party was in 1913.

## References 
## Other websites 
* *People's Party Hand-Book of Facts. Campaign of 1898'' 96 p., official party pamphlet for North Carolina election of 1898
* Populist Party timeline and texts; edited by Professor Edwards, secondary and primary sources
Jerome Karle

**Jerome Karle** (**Jerome Karfunkle**; June 18, 1918 – June 6, 2013) was an American physical chemist. During World War II, he and his wife Isabella Karle worked on the Manhattan Project.

With Herbert A. Hauptman, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1985, for the direct analysis of crystal structures using X-ray scattering techniques.

Karle was a former president of both the American Crystallographic Association (ACA) (1972) and the IUCr (1981-1984), as well as a co-recipient of the 1985 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his work on direct methods. Among the many additional honors he received for his work, he was elected to the National Academy of Sciences in 1976 and the American Philosophical Society in 1990.

Karle died of liver cancer at the Leewood Healthcare Center in Annandale, Virginia on June 6, 2013 at the age of 94.

## References
## Other websites
*2005 Video Interview with Jerome Karle by the Atomic Heritage Foundation Voices of the Manhattan Project
Greer Grammer

**Kandace Greer Grammer** (born February 15, 1992) is an American actress. She is best known for her role as Lissa Miller in the hit MTV series *Awkward*.
Eppelsheim

**Eppelsheim** is a village (*Ortsgemeinde*) in the Alzey-Worms district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.

## Geography 
Eppelsheim  lies on a high plateau in the Rhenish Hesse wine region.

## Politics 
### Municipal council 
The  village has a council that governs it.  The council has 16 members.  These members are elected by the people of the village.  In the 2014 election, 9 members of the FWG and 7 of the SPD were elected.

The honorary mayor is Ute Klenk-Kaufmann.

### Coat of arms 
The village’s arms has two halves.  They are divided vertically.  On the left is a crowned lion.  It is standing on its hind legs and facing left.  The right half has a green branch with two green apples.

## Culture 
### Museums 
#### Deinotherium at the town hall 
The *Dinotherium-Museum* in Eppelsheim holds fossil remains of mammals from deposits about ten million years old from the prehistoric Rhine near Eppelsheim. These deposits are known as the Deinotherium Sands, because they often contain teeth and bones from the extinct proboscid deinotherium.

## Paleontological discoveries 
Besides the dinotherium fossils, the femur of a  *Paidopithex rhenanus* was found in the area in the 19th century.  This was a now-extinct catarrhine primate.

In 2017, researchers reported finding teeth of an ape dating to about 9.7 million years ago. The teeth seem to belong to a kind of ape similar to Lucy (*Australopithecus afarensis*), but that animal first appeared in Africa more than 4 million years later.

## References 
## Other websites
* Municipality’s official webpage in English
* The discovery of the Deinotherium of Eppelsheim
Women's History Month

'''Women's History Month''' is an annual event to celebrate  the contributions of women to  history. It is celebrated during March in the United States, the United Kingdom, and Australia, together with International Women's Day on March 8. In Canada it is celebrated during October , together with the celebration of Persons Day on October 18.

Women's History Month serves as a celebration of the achievements, perseverance, and strength of women throughout history! This month-long event provides an opportunity to educate society about the countless contributions that women have made in a variety of fields globally.

## References
Richard Arvin Overton

**Richard Arvin Overton** (May 11, 1906 &ndash; December 27, 2018) was an American supercentenarian. He was the oldest verified surviving American World War II veteran, as well as the oldest American man. In 2013 he was honored by President Barack Obama. On that same Memorial Day, Overton met with Texas Governor Rick Perry. He was born in Bastrop County, Texas.

Overton served in the South Pacific from 1940 through 1945, including stops in Hawaii, Guam, Palau and Iwo Jima. He left the U.S. Army in October 1945.

During an NBA game between the San Antonio Spurs and the Memphis Grizzlies on March 24, 2017, Overton was honored during a half-time break.

He lived in Austin, Texas. When he was 82 years old, his wife, Wilma, died in 1988. On May 11, 2016, Overton became a supercentenarian. Overton died in Austin on December 27, 2018 from complications of pneumonia at the age of 112.

## References 
## Other websites
Gavin McInnes

* on December 19, 2015]]
**Gavin Miles McInnes** (born July 17, 1970) is a Canadian writer, far-right political commentator, polemicist, actor, and comedian. He is the co-founder of Vice Media and *Vice Magazine* and host of *Get Off My Lawn*, formerly on Conservative Review Television. He is a contributor to *Taki's Magazine'' and a former contributor to The Rebel Media, and was a frequent guest on television programs on Fox News and TheBlaze.

McInnes was a leading figure in the hipster subculture while at Vice, being labelled as the "godfather" of hipsterdom. After leaving the company in 2008, he became increasingly known for his far-right political views. He is the founder of the Proud Boys, a chauvinist men's group considered to be a "general hate" organization by the Southern Poverty Law Center.

## Early life
McInnes was born **Gavin Miles McInnes** in Hitchin, England on July 17, 1970 to Scottish parents James and Loraine McInnes. His family migrated to Canada when McInnes was 4 years old. He attended Ottawa's Earl of March Secondary School. As a teenager, McInnes played in the Ottawa punk band *Anal Chinook*. As an adult, McInnes emigrated to the United States from Canada.

## References
## Other websites
*
Isabella Karle

**Isabella Helen Karle** (née Lugoski; December 2, 1921 – October 3, 2017) was an American scientist. She was instrumental in developing techniques to remove plutonium chloride from a mixture containing plutonium oxide. She worked on the Manhattan Project during World War II. She was elected a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1993.

For her scientific work, Karle has received the Garvan–Olin Medal, Gregori Aminoff Prize, Bower Award, National Medal of Science, and the Navy Distinguished Civilian Service Award (which is the Navy's highest form of recognition to civilian employees).

Karle was born in Detroit, Michigan. She studied at the University of Michigan. In 1942, she married Jerome Karle, a Nobel Prize winner. They had three children. Karle died on October 3, 2017 at a hospice in Alexandria, Virginia of brain cancer at the age of 95.

## References
## Other websites
*2005 Video Interview with Isabella Karle by the Atomic Heritage Foundation Voices of the Manhattan Project
Arrondissement of Thiers

The **arrondissement of Thiers** is an arrondissement of France.  It is part of the Puy-de-Dôme *département*, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region. Its capital, and a subprefecture of the department, is the city of Thiers.

## History
When the Puy-de-Dôme department was created in 1790, the *arrondissement* of Thiers was part of that original department.

## Geography
The *arrondissement* of Thiers is in the northeast of the department and borders to the north with the Allier department, to the east with the Loire department, to the south with the *arrondissement* of Ambert, to the southwest with the *arrondissement* of Clermont-Ferrand, and to the west and northwest with the *arrondissement* of Riom.

The *arrondissement* of Thiers is the smallest *arrondissement* of the department, with an area of . It has a population of 57,956 inhabitants and a density of  inhabitants/km².

## Composition
### Cantons
After the reorganisation of the cantons in France, cantons are not subdivisions of the *arrondissements* so they could have *communes* that belong to different *arrondissements*.

In the *arrondissement* of Thiers there are 4 cantons:

# Lezoux (6319)
# Maringues (6320) (partly)
# Les Monts du Livradois (6322) (partly)
# Thiers (6330)

### Communes
The *arrondissement* of Thiers has 44 *communes*; they are (with their INSEE codes):

# Arconsat (63008)
# Aubusson-d'Auvergne (63015)
# Augerolles (63016)
# Bort-l'Étang (63045)
# Bulhon (63058)
# Celles-sur-Durolle (63066)
# Chabreloche (63072)
# Charnat (63095)
# Châteldon (63102)
# Courpière (63125)
# Crevant-Laveine (63128)
# Culhat (63131)
# Dorat (63138)
# Escoutoux (63151)
# Joze (63180)
# Lachaux (63184)
# Lempty (63194)
# Lezoux (63195)
# Moissat (63229)
# La Monnerie-le-Montel (63231)
# Noalhat (63253)
# Néronde-sur-Dore (63249)
# Olmet (63260)
# Orléat (63265)
# Palladuc (63267)
# Paslières (63271)
# Peschadoires (63276)
# Puy-Guillaume (63291)
# Ravel (63296)
# La Renaudie (63298)
# Ris (63301)
# Sainte-Agathe (63310)
# Saint-Flour (63343)
# Saint-Jean-d'Heurs (63364)
# Saint-Rémy-sur-Durolle (63393)
# Saint-Victor-Montvianeix (63402)
# Sauviat (63414)
# Sermentizon (63418)
# Seychalles (63420)
# Thiers (63430)
# Vinzelles (63461)
# Viscomtat (63463)
# Vollore-Montagne (63468)
# Vollore-Ville (63469)

The *communes* with more inhabitants in the *arrondissement* are:

## Related pages
* Arrondissements of the Puy-de-Dôme department
* List of arrondissements of France

## References
Lech Ordon

**Lech Ordon** (24 November 1928 – 21 October 2017) was a Polish actor. In 1948, he graduated from The Aleksander Zelwerowicz National Academy of Dramatic Art in Warsaw, at the time located in Łódź. He was born in Poznań. He was known for his roles in *Letters to Santa*, *Der Schimmelreiter*, *Czterdziestolatek* and in ''Mister Blot's Academy''.

In December 2008, he was awarded the Medal for Merit to Culture – Gloria Artis. He died on 21 October 2017 in Warsaw from pneumonia complicated by a stroke at the age of 88.

## References
## Other websites
*
People's Summit

The '''People's Summit''' is an annual conference in Chicago held by a group of progressive political organizations in the United States. It is held at the McCormick Place every year around in June. The organizers of the Summit stated that they wanted to get the energy of the Bernie Sanders 2016 presidential campaign. 

## First summit
 Bernie Sanders served as an inspiration for the summit's founding and would serve as a ketnote speaker in the 2017 summit]]
Held in June 2016, the first People's Summit was set against the backdrop of the Bernie Sanders presidential campaign, 2016.  The conference was led by National Nurses United and The People for Bernie Sanders. People's Action, 

Over 3,000 people attended the 2016 People's Summit to hear speakers including Rosario Dawson, Tulsi Gabbard, Gaby Hoffmann, Naomi Klein, Jesus "Chuy" Garcia, and Frances Fox Piven

## Second summit
The second Peoples Summit was held June 9–11, 2017 at McCormick Place. The conference was sponsored by  People for Bernie, National Nurses United, Our Revolution, and others.  The theme for the 2017 summit was "Beyond Resistance: A People’s Movement for a Just World".  
Bernie Sanders headlined the conference, along with RoseAnn DeMoro, Naomi Klein, Nina Turner, Michael Moore, Linda Sarsour, Christine Pellegrino,  Larry Krasner, Chokwe Antar Lumumba, and others.  The conference was attended by over 4,000 people.

Bernie Sanders delivered the keynote speech calling for an agenda "that can enhance and expand issue campaigns and hold all elected officials accountable to popular demands for justice, equality, and freedom."

## References
## Other websites
* Official website
Bernie Sanders Guide to Political Revolution

The ***Bernie Sanders Guide to Political Revolution*** is a 2017 bestselling political book authored by former U.S. presidential candidate Bernie Sanders, published by Henry Holt and Co. It is aimed at teenage readers.

The book is a YA version of 2016's *Our Revolution*. Sanders created the book to help young people "to fight for a progressive economic, environmental, racial, and social justice agenda that creates jobs, raises wages, protects the environment, and provides healthcare for all."

The book features many graphics and illustrations in the hopes of breaking down complex issues like income inequality, climate change, healthcare, law enforcement reform, prison system reform and student loan debt.

## References
Francis W. Nye

**Francis Walter Nye** (June 29, 1918 &ndash; January 13, 2019) was an American military personnel. He served as a United States Air Force major general who was a B-24 Liberator and B-29 Superfortress combat pilot. He was commander, Field Command, Defense Atomic Support Agency, Sandia Base, N.M. During his career, he was awarded the Legion of Merit two times and the Distinguished Flying Cross also two times.

In November 1968, he was appointed chairman of the U.S. delegation of the Inter-American Defense Board, the Joint Brazil-U.S. Defense Commission, and the U.S. section, Joint Mexican-U.S. Defense Commission.

Nye was born in Barton, Vermont. He studied at the University of Vermont. His wife, Nina, died in 2017. Nye died in Albuquerque, New Mexico on January 13, 2019 at the age of 100.

## References
Jeanne Manet

**Jeanne Manet** (born Gilberte Marcelle Lachmann; 27 November 1917 – 15 January 2012) was a French movie actress. After appearing in some French movies, Manet moved to Hollywood. Originally called there as a rising starlet, her roles were generally supporting ones. She was born in Houilles, France. 

## Career 
Manet's career began in 1937. Her best known roles are in *Long Live Liberty* (1946), *Slightly French* (1949), *Operation Mad Ball* (1957), *The Flying Fontaines* (1959) and in *Pepe* (1960). She retired in 1961.

## References
## Other websites
*
Doris Grumbach

**Doris M. Grumbach** (*née* **Isaac**; July 12, 1918 – November 4, 2022) is an American novelist, memoirist, biographer, literary critic, and essayist. In 1979, Grumbach published the novel *Chamber Music*, which was critically well received and helped establish her reputation as a novelist. In six years, three more books followed: *The Missing Person* (1981), *The Ladies* (1984), and ''The Magician's Girl'' (1987).

Grumbach taught at the College of Saint Rose in Albany, New York, the Iowa Writers' Workshop, and American University in Washington, DC, and was literary editor of *The New Republic* for several years. For two decades, she and her partner, Sybil Pike, managed a bookstore, Wayward Books, in Sargentville, Maine, until 2009 when they moved to a retirement home in Kennett Square, Pennsylvania.
Grumbach celebrated her 100th birthday in 2018, and died in Kennett Square on November 4, 2022, at the age of 104.
## Novels
**The Spoil of the Flowers* (1962)
**The Short Throat, The Tender Mouth* (1964)
**Chamber Music* (1979)
**The Missing Person* (1981)
**The Ladies* (1984)
**The Magician’s Girl* (1987)
**The Book of Knowledge* (1995)

## References
Indumati Bhattacharya

**Indumati Bhattacharya** (born 2 July 1918) is an Indian politician. She was elected to the Lok Sabha, lower house of the Parliament of India from Hooghly, West Bengal in 1984 as a member of the Indian National Congress.

Bhattacharya was born in Hooghly district, Bengal Presidency, British India. She married Umanath Bhattacharyya. They have one son.

## References
Everyday Is Christmas

***Everyday Is Christmas*** is a Christmas album by Australian singer-songwriter Sia Furler. It was released by Atlantic Records and Monkey Puzzle on 17 November 2017. The album will feature original songs co-written and co-produced with Greg Kurstin.

## References
Judith McGrath

**Judith McGrath** (21 April 1947 – 21 October 2017) was an Australian actress. She was born in Brisbane, Queensland. She was best known for her television soap roles as Colleen Powell in *Prisoner* (1979–1984) on Network Ten, Bernice Hudson in A Country Practice on Network Seven between 1992 and 1993 and Von Ryan in the medical drama *All Saints* (1998–2009) on Network Seven.

McGrath died on 21 October 2017 at a hospice in Sydney from lung cancer at the age of 70.

## References
## Other websites
*
Emilio D'Amore

'''Emilio D'Amore''' (26 November 1915 – 21 October 2017) was an Italian writer, journalist, and politician. He was born in Montefalcione, Italy. He was first elected to the Chamber of Deputies in 1948 as a representative of the Monarchist National Party. D'Amore joined the Italian Democratic Party of Monarchist Unity (PDIUM) and won reelection in 1953. He served a final term in the Chamber of Deputies from 1963 to 1968, again as a member of the PDIUM.

D'Amore died in Avellino, Italy on 21 October 2017 of congestive heart failure at the age of 101.

## References
NYC Health + Hospitals/Bellevue

at the East River]]
**NYC Health + Hospitals/Bellevue**, formerly **Bellevue Hospital Center** and  **Bellevue Hospital**, is the oldest public hospital in the United States. It was founded on March 31, 1736. It is on First Avenue in the Kips Bay neighborhood of Manhattan, New York City. It is also home to FDNY EMS Station 08, formerly NYC*EMS Station 13.

The hospital handles nearly 460,000 non-emergency outpatient clinic visits, nearly 106,000 emergency visits and some 30,000 inpatients each year. More than 80 percent of Bellevue’s patients come from the city’s medically underserved populations. The hospital currently occupies a 25-story patient care facility with an ICU, digital radiology communication and an outpatient facility. The hospital has an attending physician staff of 1,200 and an in-house staff of about 5,500.

Bellevue was renamed in November 2015 as a reflection of its parent organization's rebranding.

In 2014 Bellevue was ranked 40th overall in the New York metro area and 29th in New York City by *US News and World Report*.

## References
Maidstone West railway station

**Maidstone West railway station** is one of three railway stations which serve Maidstone in Kent. It is on the Medway Valley Line.

## Services 
Train services at Maidstone West are run by Southeastern, They use  and  EMUs.

The  off-peak service is:
* 2 trains per hour to 
* 2 trains per hour to  

Some trains go to .

Two high speed services run to and from London St Pancras International.

On Sundays, the service is hourly.

## Related pages
*Maidstone Barracks railway station
*Maidstone East railway station

## References
## Other websites 
*Train times and station information for Maidstone West railway station from National Rail
Hastein

around 859. This picture was made in 1862]]
**Hastein** (his name is also recorded as Anstign, Haesten, Hæsten, Hæstenn,  Hæsting and Alsting) was a Viking chieftain. He lived in the late 9th century. He is famous for his attacks on cities in England, Spain, France, and Italy.

## References
Rosemary Leach

**Rosemary Leach** (18 December 1935 – 21 October 2017) was an English stage, television and movie actress. 

Leach won the 1982 Olivier Award for Best Actress in a New Play for *84, Charing Cross Road* and was nominated for the BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Supporting Role for her roles in the movies ''That'll Be the Day* (1973) and *A Room with a View'' (1986). 

She appeared in several TV mini-series' including *Germinal* (1970), *The Jewel in the Crown* (1984), *The Charmer* (1987), *The Buccaneers* (1995) and *Berkeley Square* (1998) and had a recurring role on the sitcom *My Family* (2003-07).

## References
## Other websites
* 
* Rosemary Leach (Aveleyman)
Martin Eric Ain

**Martin Eric Ain** (**Martin Stricker**; July 18, 1967 – October 21, 2017) was an American-born Swiss bass guitarist and songwriter. He was born in the United States. He was best known for being the former bassist of the influential extreme metal band Celtic Frost. He used the stage name Martin Eric Ain throughout his career in Celtic Frost. 

Ain died on October 21, 2017 following a heart attack in Zürich, Switzerland, aged 50.

## References
## Other websites
*Interview with Martin Eric Ain , *Broward-Palm Beach New Times*, 2006-10-19
*"Metal Israel Exclusive Kinda Interview with Martin Eric Ain"
Julian May

**Julian Clare May** (July 10, 1931 – October 17, 2017) was an American science fiction, fantasy, horror, science and children's writer. She had used several literary pseudonyms. She was best known for her *Saga of Pliocene Exile* (*Saga of the Exiles* in the United Kingdom), beginning with *The Many-Colored Land* and *Galactic Milieu Series* books. She was born in Chicago, Illinois.

May was married to author T. E. Dikty from 1953 until his death in 1991.

In August 2015, she was inducted into the First Fandom Hall of Fame in a ceremony at the 73rd World Science Fiction Convention.

May died on October 17, 2017 in Mercer Island, Washington at the age of 86.

## References
## Other websites
* Biography
Mercer Island, Washington

**Mercer Island** is a city in King County, Washington, United States located on an island of the same name in the southern portion of Lake Washington. Mercer Island is in the Seattle metropolitan area, with Seattle located to its west and Bellevue located to its east.

Mercer Island is connected to the mainland on either side via bridges carrying Interstate 90.

The population was 25,748 at the 2020 census.  This makes Mercer Island the most populated island in a lake within the United States.

## References
## Other websites
* Mercer Island Reporter Local newspaper
George Saunders

**George Saunders** (born December 2, 1958) is an American writer of short stories, essays, novellas, children's books, and a novel. His writing has appeared in *The New Yorker*, ''Harper's*, *McSweeney's*, and *GQ*. He also contributed a weekly column, *American Psyche*, to the weekend magazine of *The Guardian* between 2006 and 2008.

## Awards
His story collection *In Persuasion Nation'' was a finalist for the Story Prize in 2007. In 2013, he won the PEN/Malamud Award and was a finalist for the National Book Award. Saunders's *Tenth of December: Stories* won the 2013 Story Prize for short-story collections and the inaugural (2014) Folio Prize. His novel *Lincoln in the Bardo* won the 2017 Man Booker Prize.

## Notes
## References
## Other websites
* "George Saunders Has Written the Best Book You'll Read This Year", Joel Lovell, *The New York Times Magazine*, January 3, 2013
*2014 George Saunders interview with Jon Niccum, *Kansas City Star*
*10 Free Stories by George Saunders Available on the Web
Kübler-Ross model

**Elisabeth Kübler-Ross** (July 8, 1926 – August 24, 2004) was a Swiss-American psychiatrist.
The **Kübler-Ross model**, or the **five stages of grief**, is a theory about the feelings of people who are dying.  The five stages are denial, anger, bargaining, depression, and acceptance.

The five stages came from Elisabeth Kübler-Ross' 1969 book *On Death and Dying*.

## References 
## Other websites
* On Death and Dying, by Elisabeth Kübler-Ross
Saint Xavier University

**Saint Xavier University** (**SXU**) is a four-year, coeducational institution of higher learning located on the southwest side of Chicago, Illinois, United States. The current president is Laurie M. Joyner.

Saint Xavier's  main campus is located in City of Chicago in the Mt. Greenwood neighborhood on the corner of 103rd Street and Central Park Avenue. The university's main campus is made up of several buildings.

It was founded in 1846.

Saint Xavier also has a campus located in Orland Park. In September 2015, Saint Xavier University opened their third campus with technology that allows its students improved educational capabilities. It had a full simulation center for advanced nursing careers as well as numerous huddle spaces and an auditorium.

Saint Xavier University has one of the most diverse undergraduate student bodies in Chicago, and qualified as a Hispanic-serving institution in 2015.

## References
## Other websites
* 
* Official athletics website
* About SXU 
* National League for Nursing - Centers of Excellence 
* Visual Arts Center at Saint Xavier University 
* Conference for Mercy Higher Education
* Online programs
Michael Hardie Boys

**Sir Michael Hardie Boys** (6 October 1931 – 29 December 2023) was a New Zealand jurist and was the country's 17th Governor-General, from 1996 to 2001.

In 2004, he stated his opposition to New Zealand becoming a republic, stating in an interview: "If it ain't broke, don't fix it."
Hardie Boys was born in 1931 in Wellington. His father was the Hon. Reginald Hardie Boys (1903–1970), a judge of the Supreme Court. After his schooling at Hataitai School and Wellington College, Hardie Boys gained a Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Laws from Victoria University College in 1954. Hardie Boys married Mary Zohrab in 1957. They had two sons and two daughters. Hardie Boys died on 29 December 2023 in Waikanae, New Zealand at the age of 92.

## References
## Other websites
*Official Biography
Eva Todor

**Eva Fodor Nolding** (November 9, 1919 &ndash; December 10, 2017), known professionally as **Eva Todor** was a Hungarian-born Brazilian actress. She was born in Budapest, Hungary. She emigrated to Brazil in 1929.

Todor was best known for her television roles in *Roque Santeiro*, *Locomotivas*, *Partido Alto*, *Olho no Olho*, *O Cravo e a Rosa*, *América*, *India A Love Story*, *Salve Jorge* and in *As Brasileiras*. Her movie roles include *Os Dois Ladrões*, *Xuxa Abracadabra* and *Meu Nome Não É Johnny*.

Todor died in Rio de Janeiro on December 10, 2017 of pneumonia while suffering from Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease at the age of 98.

## References
## Other websites
*
Stan Kowalski

**Stan Kowalski** (May 13, 1926 – October 20, 2017) was an American professional wrestler. He was born in Minneapolis, Minnesota. He was one half of the tag team Murder Incorporated with partner Tiny Mills in the American Wrestling Association (AWA) from 1960 to 1975. 

## Career 
Kowalski turned to professional wrestling, debuting as Buddy Marco for a NWA promotion run by Tony Stecher.

## References
## Other websites
*The Biography of Minnesotan Wrestler Stan Kowalski
Pampero Firpo

**Juan Kachmanian** (April 6, 1930 &ndash; January 9, 2020), better known as **Pampero Firpo**, was an Argentine-American professional wrestler of Armenian descent.

## Career
An early pioneer of hardcore wrestling, Kachmanian usually wrestled as a heel, although he would go on to have a run as a face after being fireballed by The Sheik. 

### Moves
Using the bear hug and the El Garfio as his signature moves, Kachmanian popularized the drawn-out catchphrase 'ohhh yeah!' which would later become associated with Randy Savage.

## References
## Other websites
* Online World of Wrestling profile
Dick Beyer

**Richard John "Dick" Beyer** (July 11, 1930 &ndash; March 7, 2019) was an American retired professional wrestler who was best known by his ring names, **The Destroyer** or **Doctor X**.

Beyer was born in New York City. He studied at Syracuse University. 

eyer began as a "babyface" wrestler in the mid-1950s. His career as a "masked" wrestler, The Destroyer, began in 1962 in Los Angeles. He used the “figure-four-leg-lock” on his way to the Worldwide Wrestling Associates (WWA) championship on July 27, 1962.

Beyer went into semi-retirement in 1984. From 1984-95, Beyer taught physical education in the Akron, New York Central School District, where he also coached football, wrestling and swimming.

On November 4, 2017, it was announced that Beyer would be awarded the Order of the Rising Sun, Gold and Silver Rays, by the Japanese government for "a lifetime spent promoting goodwill and bi-cultural exchanges between Japan and the United States".

Beyer died on March 7, 2019 in Akron, New York, aged 88.

## References
## Other websites
*"THE DESTROYER"
Bill Mercer

**William Alfred "Bill" Mercer** (February 13, 1926 &ndash; March 22, 2025) was an American sportscaster, educator and author. He was born in Muskogee, Oklahoma. In 2002, he was honored into the Texas Radio Hall of Fame. Mercer was best known for doing the play-by-play announcing for World Class Championship Wrestling (WCCW) from 1982 to 1987.

Mercer was also a radio announcer for baseball, football, basketball and wrestling.  He was also a news reporter for Dallas, Texas, television station KRLD, covering the John F. Kennedy assassination in 1963.  He and fellow reporters George Phenix, Wes Wise and Bob Huffaker wrote, *When the News Went Live,* about their experiences during that time.

In his 60-year career, Mercer did the play-by-play broadcasting for some minor league teams: First, the Muskogee Giants of the Class C Western Association, then the Dallas Rangers (Triple A baseball) from 1959–64, and the Dallas-Fort Worth Spurs (Texas League baseball) from 1965 to 1971.  He then moved up to broadcast for major league baseball's Texas Rangers (major league baseball) in 1972 (with Don Drysdale) and Chicago White Sox in 1974.

Mercer retired to Durham, North Carolina after a long residence in Richardson, Texas. He died on March 22, 2025 at the age of 99.

## References
Spanish Golden Age

"El Siglo de Oro," literally "the century of gold," was the Golden Age of Spain. It was a period of flowering in Spanish art and literature. It happened at about the same time that the Spanish Habsburg dynasty ruled the country. El Siglo de Oro does not have precise dates and is generally considered to have lasted more than a century. It began no earlier than 1492, with the end of Reconquista (Reconquest), Christopher Columbus's first sea voyage to the New World, and the publication of *Gramática de la lengua castellana* by Antonio de Navarre. Politically, it ended no later than 1659, with the Treaty of the Pyrenees  which was ratified between France and Hapsburg Spain. The last great writer of the period, Pedro Calderón de la Barca, died in 1681, and his death is generally considered the end of El Siglo de Oro in art and literature.

## References
Diorite

)]]
]]

**Diorite** ( /ˈdaɪ.əˌraɪt/) is a melted rock that has cooled made mostly of the silicate minerals (materials made of silicon and oxygen). Diorite is  between  basalt and granite. Diorite is usually grey to dark-grey in color, but it can also be black or bluish-grey, and often has a greenish cast. It is distinguished from gabbro (basalt) because the material in diorite has more sodium and less calcium. Diorite may have small amounts of quartz, microcline, and olivine. Tiny amounts of muscovite may also be found.  If there is a lot of quartz it makes the rock type *quartz-diorite* (>5% quartz) or tonalite (>20% quartz).

Diorite has an often speckled texture of coarse grain size.

Diorites may be associated with either granite or basalt intrusions, into which they may merge. Diorite results from the partial melting of a rock above the area where two tectonic plates merge under each other. It is commonly produced in volcanic arcs, and in cordilleran mountain building, such as in the Andes Mountains, as large batholiths. The extrusive volcanic equivalent rock type is andesite.

## Occurrence
Diorite is a relatively rare rock. It is found in Leicestershire (one name for microdiorite—markfieldite—exists due to the rock's being found in the village of Markfield) and Aberdeenshire, UK; Guernsey; Sondrio, Italy; Thuringia and Saxony in Germany; Finland; Romania; Northeastern Turkey; central Sweden; the Darrans range of New Zealand; the Andes Mountains.

An orbicular variety found in Corsica is called corsite.
## References
A Different World

***A Different World*** was an American teen/young adult sitcom. The series was created by Bill Cosby and Debbie Allen. The series was of the Hillman College, a fictional HBCU college in Virginia. The show aired on NBC.

The show was aired from September 24, 1987 to July 9, 1993.

There were many actors on the show, like Lisa Bonet, Jasmine Guy, Kadeem Hardison Marisa Tomei, Cree Summer, Dawnn Lewis, Ajai Sanders, Loretta Devine, Keshia Knight Pulliam and Jada Pinkett.

The show looked at strong topics, like epidemiology of HIV/AIDS, the Equal Rights Amendment, race and class relations.

In season 2, it came to the attention of Bill Cosby and the producers that the show wasn't truly looking at a historically black college. That's when Debbie Allen was hired as the chief creative force to revamp the series.

## References
Anya Taylor-Joy

**Anya-Josephine Marie Taylor-Joy** (born April 16, 1996) is an actress. She starred as Casey Cooke in the 2017 movie *Split*, and in the movie's 2019 sequel, *Glass*. In 2020, she starred in the movie *The New Mutants*. She has also appeared in *Last Night in Soho* (2021), *The Northman* (2022), *The Menu* (2022), and *The Super Mario Bros. Movie* (2023).

## Filmography
### Film
### Television
### Music videos
## Awards and nominations
## Notes
## References 
## Other websites
* Anya Taylor-Joy at the Internet Movie Database
* Anya Taylor-Joy on Twitter
Jeanne Brousse

**Jeanne Brousse** (maiden name: **Maurier**; April 12, 1921 &ndash; October 19, 2017) was a French resistance member. She was born in Saint-Pierre-de-Curtille in the Savoie region of France. 

Jeanne Brousse was a member of the French Resistance during World War II. In 1973 she was awarded the title of a Righteous Among The Nations. In 1981, Brousse was one of the founding members of the French chapter of the association of the Righteous Among The Nations. In 1987, she joined the French Yad Vashem committee, of which she remained the Vice President for several years.

In 2005, Jeanne Brousse was awarded the Legion of Honour.

Brousse died on 19 October 2017 in Annecy, France at the age of 96.

## References
Walter Lassally

**Walter Lassally** (18 December 1926 – 23 October 2017) was a German-born British-Greek cinematographer. He won the Academy Award for Best Cinematography in 1964 for the movie *Zorba the Greek*. He was born in Berlin. He moved to England in 1939. He was closely worked with the Free cinema movement in the 1950s, and the British New Wave in the early 1960s.

Lassally died on October 23, 2017 at a hospital in Crete, Greece from complications of surgery at the age of 90.

## References
## Other websites
* 
*
* Walter Lassally telling his life story at Web of Stories (video)
Hugo van der Goes

**Hugo van der Goes** (about 1435 – 1482) was a famous painter of the late 15th century He was probably born in Ghent, Belgium. He painted altarpieces and portraits. He painted his masterpiece, the *Portinari Tryptich* for a church in Florence. The painting shows the *Adoration of the Shepherds*, a story from the Gospel of Luke about the shepherds who visited the baby Jesus on the night he was born. The painting influenced other artists of the Italian Renaissance because of its realistic style. 

Van der Goes became mentally ill on a visit to Cologne, Germany  in 1481. On his way home, he tried to kill himself. His friends took him to a monastery in Belgium to recover from his illness, but he died in Auderghem a few weeks later.

## References
Tityos

**Tityos** or **Tityus** was a giant from Greek mythology.

Tityos was the son of Elara and Zeus. However, at birth, since Tityos grew so big, Elara womb could not hold him longer and Elara died at birth. His surrogate mother was Gaia. Hera tasked him to rape Leto which caused Tityos to be hunted by Apollo and Artemis for attempting to rape their mother Leto when she was going through Panopeus on her way to Pytho. His punishment in Tartarus was to be tortured by two vultures who fed on his liver, which grew back every night.

## References
George Young (rock musician)

**George Redburn Young** (6 November 194622 October 2017) was a Scottish-born Australian musician, songwriter and record producer. He was a member of the 1960s Australian rock band the Easybeats, and with bandmate Harry Vanda he was a co-writer of the international hits "Friday on My Mind" and "Love Is in the Air", the latter recorded by John Paul Young (no relation). Vanda & Young were also the producers of some work by the Australian hard rock band AC/DC, formed by his younger brothers Malcolm and Angus Young.

Young died on 22 October 2017 in Australia, aged 70. His brother, Malcolm, died a few weeks later on November 18, 2017.

## References
## Other websites
* Albert Music: Easybeats Facts
Andrej Babiš

**Andrej Babiš** (; born 2 September 1954) is a Czech businessman and politician. He was the Prime Minister of the Czech Republic since 2025. He previously served as prime minister from 2017 until 2021. In 2023, he unsuccessfully ran for President of the Czech Republic, losing to General Petr Pavel.

Babiš, the second richest man in the Czech Republic, is a former CEO and sole owner of the Agrofert group with a net worth of about $4.04 billion according to Bloomberg.

## Political career
Babiš served as Finance Minister of the Czech Republic and Deputy Prime Minister responsible for the economy from January 2014 to May 2017 until he was fired by Prime Minister Bohuslav Sobotka due to rumors of financial irregularities. Babiš has led ANO 2011 party since 2012 when he founded it as a protest movement against established politics. He has been Member of the Chamber of Deputies (MP) since 2013.

## Scandals
Babiš has been under investigation since December 2015 due to allegations that an anonymous company he controlled unlawfully received subsidies from the European Union. In September 2017, his parliamentary immunity was stripped after police request in connection with the case and Babiš was formally charged on 9 October 2017.

Babiš was a candidate in the 2023 Czech presidential election and lost in the second round to Petr Pavel.

## Prime Minister
Babiš was elected Prime Minister of the Czech Republic following his victory in the 2017 legislative election when his party won 78 seats winning the majority party in the Chamber of Deputies of the Czech Republic. His party lost its majority in the 2021 parliamentary election.

Babiš led the ANO into the 2025 legislative election, during which the party won a plurality of 80 seats in the Chamber of Deputies.

## References
## Other websites
* 
* Official blog
* Ministry of Finance of the Czech Republic website
* Ministry of Finance of the Czech Republic website
* Curriculum Vitae on Government website
* Curriculum Vitae on ANO 2011 website
Japanophile

A **Japanophile** is someone with **Japanophilia**, or someone with a strong interest in or love of Japanese people, culture, and history. This term even has a Japanese equivalent, *shinnichi* (kanji:親日, hiragana: しんにち) which literally translates to "pro-Japanese".
Melissa Benoist

**Melissa Marie Benoist** (born October 4, 1988) is an American actress. Her first major role was Marley Rose on the Fox musical comedy drama *Glee* (2012–14), where she was a series regular in the fifth season. She became popular for playing the title character in *Supergirl* (2015–21).

On September 18, 2024, it was announced that she had joined the cast of the Netflix family drama *The Waterfront*. On December 5, 2024, it was said that Benoist would star in a new NBC drama series, *Duo*. The project is being developed by her company Three Things Productions, with her serving as an executive producer.

 at the 2016 San Diego Comic Con International, for "Entertainment Weekly: Women Who Kick Ass", at the San Diego Convention Center in San Diego, California.]]]]

## Filmography
### Film
### Television
## Personal life
### First marriage
In 2015, Benoist and her *Glee* co-star Blake Jenner were reportedly married. Benoist commented that they had been married "longer than anybody knows". In December 2017, they divorced.

#### Survivor of domestic violence
In 2015, Benoist suffered an iris injury. In November 2019, Benoist discussed her experience as a domestic violence survivor, revealing that her iris injury was caused by an iPhone thrown at her. Benoist also said that she had survived extreme control and severe violence, including being choked, punched, slapped, shoved onto a wall, and dragged by her hair. 

In October 2020, her ex-husband Blake Jenner admitted guilt, while alleging that she also assaulted him. Benoist discussed healing from her trauma, saying that Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) therapy saved her.

### Second marriage
In 2016, Benoist met Chris Wood when he cast as Mon-El in *Supergirl*. Their romantic relationship was confirmed in 2017. She recalled: "We met each other at the perfect time in our lives." 

Benoist and Wood announced their engagement on February 10, 2019, and married in September 2019, holding a private ceremony in Ojai, California. On March 4, 2020, the couple announced that they were expecting their first child. She gave birth to her son on September 25, 2020.

## Advocacy
In October 2017, Benoist helped Wood launch the campaign "IDONTMIND", working to decrease stigma around mental health and provide education. She discussed her depression and anxiety attacks since she was 13. She said that Wood encouraged her to share her own issues. 

## Related pages
* Lili Reinhart
* Amanda Seyfried

## Footnotes
## References
Dennis Skinner

**Dennis Edward Skinner** (born 11 February 1932) is a British Labour politician. He was a Member of Parliament (MP) for Bolsover between 1970 and 2019.

## Personal life
Skinner was born in Clay Cross, Derbyshire. He studied at Ruskin College. He married Mary Parker in 1960, however the two separated in 1989. They had three children.

## Political career
Skinner was known for his left-wing views. He was a part of the Socialist Campaign Group of Labour MPs. He was a member of Labour's National Executive Committee for thirty years and was the chairman of the Committee in 1988–89. 

Because of his aggressive words used and behaviour, Skinner became known as the "Beast of Bolsover". Skinner said that he earned the nickname for his behaviour in a tribute debate in the Commons following the death of former Conservative Prime Minister Sir Anthony Eden in 1977: "They were making speeches about the wonder of Anthony Eden, so I got up and talked about miners and people seriously injured and dead in the pits and the £200 given to the widow. There was booing and then all the Tories left, and the papers had a go, some serious ones".

He was one of the longest serving members of the House of Commons and the longest continuously serving Labour MP. He was a supporter of Brexit.

In 2020, Skinner was named Honorary President of the Socialist Campaign Group.

### Suspensions
Skinner was suspended from parliament at least ten times for calling MPs inappropriate names. Some of the times he was suspended was: 
* In 1981, after accusing speaker of the House of Commons George Thomas of attending an event to raise funds for the Conservative Party.
* Twice in 1984, once for calling David Owen a "pompous sod", and the second time for saying that Margaret Thatcher would "bribe judges".
* In 1992, after referring to Minister John Gummer as "a little squirt of a Minister" and "a slimy wart on Margaret Thatcher's nose".
* In 2016, after referring to Prime Minister David Cameron as "dodgy Dave" to imply that Cameron had been dishonest or misleading about his financial affairs.

## References
## Other websites
* This much I know, Skinner runs down some matters of importance to him, hosted by *The Guardian*
*
* Giving George Osborne a line of wit in December 2005
* Junction 29A in December 2004
* Heart bypass in March 2003
Guion Bluford

**Guion Stewart Bluford Jr.**, Ph.D. (born November 22, 1942), (Col, USAF, Ret.), is an American aerospace engineer, retired U.S. Air Force officer and fighter pilot, and former NASA astronaut.

Bluford was the first African American in space. Before becoming an astronaut, he was an officer in the U.S. Air Force, where he remained while assigned to NASA, rising to the rank of Colonel. He participated in four Space Shuttle flights between 1983 and 1992. In 1983, as a member of the crew of the Orbiter *Challenger* on the mission STS-8.

## References
## Other websites
*
*
*Guion "Guy" Bluford *Penn State African American Chronicles* profile and interview
* Guy Bluford interviewed on *Conversations from Penn State*