සංකේතය (රසායනික මූලද්‍රව්‍යය)

**රසායනික මූලද්‍රව්‍යවල සංකේත** යනු රසායනික මූලද්‍රව්‍යය කෙටි කර දැක්වීම සදහා භාවිතා කරන කෙටි යෙදුම් වේ.සාමාන්‍යයෙන් මේවා ඉංග්‍රිසි අකුරු එකකින් හෝ දෙකකින් සමන්විත වේ. අකුරු දෙකක් ඇතිවිට පලමු අකුර කැපිටල් අකුරක් වන අතර දෙවන අකුර සිම්පල් අකුරකි. එක් අකුරක් නම් එය කැපිටල් අකුරකි. තාවකාලික නම් සදහා අකුරු 3ක් ඇත.මෙම සංකේත විශාල ලෙස භාවිතා වන්නේ රසායන විද්‍යාවේදි වන අතර මෙම නාමකරණය අන්තර්ජාතික ශුද්ධ හා ව්‍යවහාරික රසායන විද්‍යා සංගමය මගින් සිදුකරයි International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry. සමහරක් පැරණි සංකේත තවදුරටත් භාවිතා නොකරන අවස්ථාද පවතී.

## පවත්නා සංකේත
]]

|-style="background-color:#cccc99"
|As||Arsenic||Greek ***a**r**s**enikos*||33||&074.92160274.92160(2)||15||4
|-style="background-color:#ffff99"
|At||Astatine||Greek ***a**s**t**atos*||85||&210[210]||13||2
|-style="background-color:#ffdead"
|Ba||Barium||Greek ***ba**rys*||56||&137.3277137.327(7)||2||6
|-style="background-color:#ffdead"
|Be||Beryllium||**be**ryl||4||&009.01218239.012182(3)||2||2
|-style="background-color:#ffc0c0"
|Bh||Bohrium||Niels **B**o**h**r||107||&264[264]||1||2
|-style="background-color:#ff99cc"
|Lr||Lawrencium||Ernest O. **L**aw**r**ence||103||&262[262]||3||7
|-style="background-color:#ffbfff"
|Lu||Lutetium||Latin ***Lu**tetia*||71||&174.9671174.967(1)||3||6
|-style="background-color:#ff99cc"
|Md||Mendelevium||Dmitri **M**en**d**eleyev||101||&258[258]||&nbsp;||7
|-style="background-color:#ffdead"
|Mg||Magnesium||**M**a**g**nesia, Greece||12||&024.3050624.3050(6)||2||3
|-style="background-color:#ffc0c0"
|Mn||Manganese||Latin ***m**ag**n**es*||25||&054.938045554.938045(5)||7||4
|-style="background-color:#ffc0c0"
|Mo||Molybdenum||Greek ***mo**lybdos*||42||&095.94295.94(2)||6||5
|-style="background-color:#e8e8e8"
|Mt||Meitnerium||Lise **M**ei**t**ner||109||&268[268]||9||7
|-style="background-color:#a0ffa0"
|N||Nitrogen||Greek ***n**itron*||7||&014.0067214.0067(2)||15||2
|-style="background-color:#ff6666"
|Na||සෝඩියම්||Latin ***na**trium*||11||&022.98976928222.98976928(2)||1||3
|-style="background-color:#ffc0c0"
|Nb||Niobium||**N**io**b**e||41||&092.90638292.906 38(2)||5||5
|-style="background-color:#ffbfff"
|Nd||Neodymium||Greek  ***d**idymos*||60||&144.2423144.242(3)||&nbsp;||6
|-style="background-color:#c0ffff"
|Ne||Neon||Greek ||10||&020.1797620.1797(6)||18||2
|-style="background-color:#ffc0c0"
|Ni||Nickel||German *kupfer**ni**ckel*||28||&058.6934258.6934(2)||10||4
|-style="background-color:#ff99cc"
|No||Nobelium||Alfred **No**bel||102||&259[259]||&nbsp;||7
|-style="background-color:#ff99cc"
|Np||Neptunium||**N**e**p**tune||93||&237[237]||&nbsp;||7
|-style="background-color:#a0ffa0"
|O||Oxygen||Greek ***o**xys*||8||&015.9994315.9994(3)||16||2
|-style="background-color:#ffc0c0"
|Os||Osmium||Greek ***os**me*||76||&190.233190.23(3)||8||6
|-style="background-color:#a0ffa0"
|P||Phosphorus||Greek ***p**hos*||15||&030.973762230.973762(2)||15||3
|-style="background-color:#ff99cc"
|Pa||Protactinium||Greek ***p**rotos* and **a**ctinium||91||&231.035882231.03588(2)||&nbsp;||7
|-style="background-color:#cccccc"
|Pb||Lead||Latin ***p**lum**b**um*||82||&207.21207.2(1)||14||6
|-style="background-color:#ffc0c0"
|Pd||Palladium||**P**allas (genitive Palla**d**os)||46||&106.421106.42(1)||10||5
|-style="background-color:#ffbfff"
|Pm||Promethium||**P**ro**m**etheus||61||&145[145]||&nbsp;||6
|-style="background-color:#cccc99"
|Po||Polonium||**Po**land||84||&210[210]||16||6
|-style="background-color:#ffbfff"
|Pr||Praseodymium||Greek ***pr**asios*||59||&140.907652140.90765(2)||&nbsp;||6
|-style="background-color:#ffc0c0"
|Pt||Platinum||Greek ***p**la**t****ina*||78||&195.0849195.084(9)||10||6
|-style="background-color:#ff99cc"
|Pu||Plutonium||**P**l**u**to||94||&244[244]||&nbsp;||7
|-style="background-color:#ffdead"
|Ra||Radium||Latin ***ra**dius*||88||&226[226]||2||7
|-style="background-color:#ff6666"
|Rb||Rubidium||Latin ***r**u**b**idus*||37||&085.4678385.4678(3)||1||5
|-style="background-color:#ffc0c0"
|Re||Rhenium||German ***R**h**e**inprovinz*||75||&186.2071186.207(1)||7||6
|-style="background-color:#ffc0c0"
|Rf||Rutherfordium||Ernest **R**uther**f**ord||104||&261261||4||7
|-style="background-color:#e8e8e8"
|Rg||Roentgenium||Wilhelm Conrad **R**önt**g**en||111||&272[272]||11||7
|-style="background-color:#ffc0c0"
|Rh||Rhodium||Greek ***rh**odon*||45||&102.905502102.905 50(2)||9||5
|-style="background-color:#c0ffff"
|Rn||Radon||**r**adium and emanatio**n**||86||&220[220]||18||6
|-style="background-color:#ffc0c0"
|Ru||Ruthenium||Latin ***Ru**thenia*||44||&101.072101.07(2)||8||5
|-style="background-color:#a0ffa0"
|S||Sulfur (Sulphur)||Latin ***s**ulfur*||16||&032.065532.065(5)||16||3
|-style="background-color:#cccc99"
|Sb||Antimony||Latin ***s**ti**b**ium*||51||&121.7601121.760(1)||15||5
|-style="background-color:#ffc0c0"
|Sc||Scandium||**Sc**andinavia||21||&044.955912644.955912(6)||3||4
|-style="background-color:#a0ffa0"
|Se||Selenium||Greek ***se**lene*||34||&078.96378.96(3)||16||4
|-style="background-color:#ffc0c0"
|Sg||Seaborgium||Glenn T. **S**eabor**g**||106||&266[266]||6||7
|-style="background-color:#cccc99"
|Si||Silicon||Latin ***si**lex*||14||&028.0855328.0855(3)||14||3
|-style="background-color:#ffbfff"
|Sm||Samarium||**s**a**m**arskite||62||&150.362150.36(2)||&nbsp;||6
|-style="background-color:#cccccc"
|Sn||Tin||Latin ***s**ta**n**num*||50||&118.7101118.710(7)||14||5
|-style="background-color:#ffdead"
|Sr||Strontium||Gaelic ***S**t**r**ontian*||38||&087.62187.62(1)||2||5
|-style="background-color:#ffc0c0"
|Ta||Tantalum||King **Ta**ntalus||73||&180.947882180.94788(2)||5||6
|-style="background-color:#ffbfff"
|Tb||Terbium||Yt**t**er**b**y, Sweden||65||&158.925352158.92535(2)||&nbsp;||6
|-style="background-color:#ffc0c0"
|Tc||Technetium||Greek ***t**e**c**hnetos*||43||&098[98]||7||5
|-style="background-color:#cccc99"
|Te||Tellurium||Greek ***te**llus*||52||&127.603127.60(3)||16||5
|-style="background-color:#ff99cc"
|Th||Thorium||**Th**or||90||&232.038062232.03806(2)||&nbsp;||7
|-style="background-color:#ffc0c0"
|Ti||Titanium||the **Ti**tans||22||&047.867147.867(1)||4||4
|-style="background-color:#cccccc"
|Tl||Thallium||Greek ***t**ha**l**los*||81||&204.38332204.3833(2)||13||6
|-style="background-color:#ffbfff"
|Tm||Thulium||**T**hule and the traditional -iu**m** ending||69||&168.934212168.93421(2)||&nbsp;||6
|-style="background-color:#ff99cc"
|U||Uranium||**U**ranus||92||&238.028913238.02891(3)||&nbsp;||7
|-style="background-color:#e8e8e8"
|Uuh||Ununhexium||Latin ***u**ni*, ***u**ni*, and Greek ***h**ex*||116||&292[292]||16||7
|-style="background-color:#e8e8e8"
|Uuo||Ununoctium||Latin ***u**ni*, ***u**ni*, and ***o**ct*||118||&294[294]||18||7
|-style="background-color:#e8e8e8"
|Uup||Ununpentium||Latin ***u**ni*, ***u**ni*, and Greek ***p**ent*||115||&288[288]||15||7
|-style="background-color:#e8e8e8"
|Uuq||Ununquadium||Latin ***u**ni*, ***u**ni*, and ***q**uadr*||114||&289[289]||14||7
|-style="background-color:#e8e8e8"
|Uus||Ununseptium||Latin ***u**ni*, ***u**ni*, and Greek ***s**ept*||117||&295[295]||17||7
|-style="background-color:#e8e8e8"
|Uut||Ununtrium||Latin ***u**ni*, ***u**ni*, and Greek ***t**ri*||113||&284[284]||13||7
|-style="background-color:#ffc0c0"
|V||Vanadium||**V**anadis||23||&050.9415150.9415(1)||5||4
|-style="background-color:#ffc0c0"
|W||Tungsten||German ***w**ol**fram*||74||&183.841183.84(1)||6||6
|-style="background-color:#c0ffff"
|Xe||Xenon||Greek ***xe**nos*||54||&131.2936131.293(6)||18||5
|-style="background-color:#ffc0c0"
|Y||Yttrium||**Y**tterby, Sweden||39||&088.90585288.90585(2)||3||5
|-style="background-color:#ffbfff"
|Yb||Ytterbium||**Y**tter**b**y, Sweden||70||&173.043173.04(3)||&nbsp;||6
|-style="background-color:#ffc0c0"
|Zn||Zinc||German ***z**i**n***k||30||&065.409465.409(4)||12||4
|-style="background-color:#ffc0c0"
|Zr||Zirconium||**z**i**r**con||40||&091.224291.224(2)||4||5
|}

## Symbols not currently used
The following is a list of names formerly used or suggested for use in naming the elements listed above.  Also included in this list are placeholder names and names given by discredited claimants for discovery.  Names which retain local use (as with aluminum and jod, for aluminium and iodine respectively) are not included in this table.

### Pictographic symbols
The following is a list of pictographic symbols employed to symbolize elements known since ancient times (for example to the alchemists).  Not included in this list are symbolic representations of substances previously called elements (such as certain rare earth mineral blends and the classical elements fire and water of ancient philosophy) which are known today to be multi-atomic.  Also not included are symbolic representations currently used for elements in other languages such as the Traditional Chinese elements.  Modern alphabetic notation was introduced in 1814 by Jöns Jakob Berzelius.

## Symbols for named isotopes
The following is a list of isotopes of elements given in the previous tables which have been designated unique symbols.  By this it is meant that a comprehensive list of current systematic symbols (in the uAtom form) are not included in the list and can instead be found in the Index to isotope pages chart.  Some of the following symbols are no longer in use within the scientific community, however others (most notably some of the named isotopes of hydrogen) continue to be used today.  Many of these symbols were designated during the early years of radiochemistry, and several isotopes (namely those in the actinium decay family, the radium decay family, and the thorium decay family) bear placeholder names using the early naming system devised by Ernest Rutherford.  Although it is not an isotope, this is perhaps the most useful place to mention that H is the proposed symbol for the only created anti-element, antihydrogen.

## Other symbols that look like element symbols
General:
*E: any element
*M: metal - any metal atom
*Mu: muonium
*Ps: positronium
*X: halogen - any halogen atom

From organic chemistry:

*Ac: acetyl - (also used for the element actinium: see above)
*Ar: aryl - (also used for the element argon: see above)
*Bn: benzyl
*Bu: butyl
*Bz: benzoyl or benzyl - (also used for berzelium, an old suggested name for praseodymium).
*Cp: cyclopentadienyl
*Cy: cyclohexyl
*Et: ethyl
*Me: methyl
*Ms: mesyl (methylsulfonyl)
*Ph: phenyl
*Pr: propyl - (also used for the element praseodymium: see above)
*R: radical - some unspecified element or radical
*Tf: triflyl (trifluoromethanesulfonyl)
*Tr: trityl (triphenylmethyl)
*Ts: tosyl

From inorganic chemistry:

*Ab: albite
*Di: didymium - Rare earth metal that proved to be a mixture of the elements praseodymium and neodymium.
*Dp: decipium - Rare earth metal that proved to be a mixture of the elements samarium, neodymium and praseodymium.
*Pp: philippium - rare earth metal that proved to be a mixture of the elements holmium and samarium.

## Notes 
## References 
*Element name etymologies. Retrieved July 15, 2005.
*Atomic Weights of the Elements 2001, Pure Appl. Chem. 75(8), 1107-1122, 2003. Retrieved June 30, 2005.  Atomic weights of elements with atomic numbers from 1-109 taken from this source.
*IUPAC Standard Atomic Weights Revised  (2005).
*WebElements Periodic Table. Retrieved June 30, 2005.  Atomic weights of elements with atomic numbers 110-116 taken from this source.
*Lapp, Ralph E.  *Matter*.  Life Science Library.  New York: Time Incorporated.  1963.
*Leighton, Robert B.  *Principles of Modern Physics*.  New York: McGraw-Hill.  1959.

## External links 
*Berzelius’ List of Elements
*History of IUPAC Atomic Weight Values (1883 to 1997)