Agʷmmay amaziɣ aɛṛab

**Agʷmmay Amaziɣ-Aɛṛab** iga yan wanaw n ugʷmmay aɛṛab nna s tt inn kkant tutlayin timaziɣin ar ttyurant zg tasutin timuẓunin g tmizar n tmazɣa, s lawan akkʷ ɣ tmazirt n iclḥiyn ɣ unẓul utrim n lmɣrib.

## Amzruy

Ḍaṛta n ukcam n lislam d tutlayt taɛṛabt s tamazɣa, ufan nn imaziɣn is fllasn iga ccil ad sslkmn tiɣlaf n usgd i ugdud, aya a f ssntan ar ttaran, ar ssuɣuln s tamaziɣt. Nnig n aya, illa mad yuran i tmntal tisrtanin zun d Ibn Tumrt.

Iɣ niwi f aylli bdrn kra n isugam imzrayn, rad ig “lqqʷran” n Ṣaliḥ Bn Ṭarif (tuddma n tasuta tis tamt), isr n iburɣwaṭn, adlis amzwaru nna ittyuran s tmaziɣt s ugʷmmay aɛṛab. Lqqʷran ad amaziɣ ur aɣ d zgis lkimnt amr tisuɣal n kra n twinas s tɛṛabt.

Ar aɣ addran isugam mas tt inn ikka yan yaḍn g tmazirt n Iɣumarn, g tgira n tasuta tis tẓat, iga ism nns Ḥamim Bn Manna, isrs asn ula ntta yan “lqqʷran” s tmaziɣt.

G tasuta tiss snat d mrawt, yara Ibn Tumrt mnnaw idlisn bac ad izuzzr tiwngimin n uẓgʷr nns asrtan gr imṣmudn lli bahra ur issinn i tɛṛabt. Llan ɣ udlis nns lli mi ism “Attawḥid” sa n igzzumn (laḥzab), inna asn ad aqqran yan ugzzum kraygat ass ḍart n tɣri n lḥizb, ilin kra n isugam ar ttalsn is asn inna ad t akkʷ ḥsun aylliɣ darsn yurri zun d lqqʷran. Bdrn daɣ isugam sin idlisn yaḍn, “Alqawaɛid” d “Liama”, sin itsn llan gr ifassn n mddn ɣ wakdu ann, maca ur aɣ d ilkim walu zɣ idlisn n Ibn Tumrt.

Sg uzgn wis sin n tasuta tis 12 ar tasuta tis 20, tbayn d twrglat n tirra lli mi qqarn “Lmazɣi”. Tawrglat tẓli ɣ umata s usgd, izrfan, id msmun awal isinutlayn, mayd ittyussann g tsnijjit, akud, tsnitrit d usiḍn. Awttas n twrglat ad iga t usutti ddaw n tɣlaf n usgd anslem d ushwn n ulmmud n imḥḍarn, ukan ayann a f gan t ɣ umata tanḍḍamt irxan g uḥssu.

## Tizi tamuẓunt

### Ilugnn
G tɣuri n Nico Van Den Boogert (2000), Imdyatn iqburn akkʷ n usnmarra n tasutin timuẓuninɣ Sus gan zɣ tasuta tis 10 (ḌL), gin imggura akkʷ zɣ tis 14 (ḌL).

Mqqar nẓḍaṛ ad naf kra n inuḥyutn g usmdya n kra n trgalin, da ittɣama usnmarra ad iga armskil. Maya da immal is d willi srsnin angraw ad swingmn gis zwar mzyan bac ad sis sslmadn i imssiwln s tmaziɣt. Arratn iqburn a ɣ ar nttafa tillugna akkʷ imqqurn.

#### Iɣritn
Ɣ umata n warratn, tiguriwin da tggant tigaɣranin akkʷ nɣ. Da isnuḥyu usnmarra gr kkuẓ iɣritn: ‘’*a*’’, ‘’*i*’’, ‘’*u*’’ d ‘’*e*’’ (aɣri afssas nɣ *acfa*). Iɣritn ‘’*a*’’, ‘’*i*’’ d ‘’*u*’’ da ttyuran s *Ḥurūf al-madd* *(حروف المدّ)*, imdyatn:

Ɣ usnmarra arimɣr, aɣri anammas e (aɣri afssas) ur ar ittyura ɣ tuẓẓumt n tguri. Yiẓḍiṛ uɣri afssas ula ad yili ɣ tfirin ṛẓmnin:

Ɣ usnmarra imɣr, aɣri afssas ar bahra ittyura s *Fatḥa*. G kra n warratn yaḍn s *Kasra*.

##### Iɣritn n tuddma n tguri
Kra n idlisn tettyura gisn *i-* d *u-* s *alif-mamduda* nna tḍfṛ *yāʼ* nɣ *wāw*. Amsli *a-* g tuddma n tguri da ittyura s *alif-mamduda* nna iḍfṛn *hamza* ittyagaln, imdyatn:

Arratn yaḍn gisn ɣar yan umdya n uɣri n tuddma n tguri *a-*, ittyura gis s *alif-mamduda*:

G twilatin timɣrin g kraygat mani nɣ g kra n igzzumn ka, zun d arra *Kitab Al-Asma* n Ibn Tunart, da tettyura *a-* n tuddma s *alif-mamduda* nɣ *alif mamduda* d yat *hamza* nna tt izwarn:

Ɣ twilatin timɣrin, Ar ittara Ibn Tunart *i-* n tuddma s alif ilan yat *lhmza* ddaws, tiḍfuṛ tt *yā’*:

Ɣ tuddma, *u-* da tettyura s *alif* d *hmza* ittyuzmmamn g tuẓẓumt nns, tiḍfuṛ tt *wāw*:

Aɣri afssas n tuddma n tguri da ittyura s *alif* (s Fatḥa tamattuyt imẓẓiyn g uḍṛiṣ imɣr):

G warratn yaḍnin, tiguriwin timaziɣin da ttyaflnt gant tirimɣrin. Kud nna tettyura kra n tguri bla agaɣri, da ittyura *a-* n tuddma n tguri s walif, ttyuran *i-* d *u-* n tuddma s alif nna iḍfṛ *ḥarf al-madd* nna dids yuckan:

Iɣ ur ittyuzmmam ugaɣri, iẓḍaṛ *alif-waw* ad ig *u-* nɣ *aw-*, tiẓḍir *alif-yā’* ad tg *i-* nɣ *ay-*:

##### Iɣritn n tgira n tguri
Ɣ tgira n tguri, da bdda ittyura *-a* s *alif*. Kra n tkkal s *alif* *maqṣura* (ألف مقصورة) nɣ s *hā’* (هاء)

Ɣ tgira n tguri, *wāw* (الواو) da igzza aɣri *-u* nɣ aznaɣri *-w*. G kigan n tkkal da t iḍffṛ yan *walif* lli igan ɣar imis awnɣan:

#### Tirgalin
Amata n trgalin ur illi umukris g tirra nnsnt:

Tilli ur illin ɣ uskkil aɛṛab dḥint imaziɣn ad stin askkil akkʷ yaẓn i yimsli lli tgzza.

Aya a f ar nttafa **ḍ''<nowiki/>' ittyura s ''ṭā’'' (''طاء'') acku asusru n ''ض'' ɣ wakud ann naḥya t d win tɛṛabt tanawayt tatrart, imdyatn:


Targalt ''ẓ'' da tettuzmmem s ''zāy'' (زاي) nɣ s ''ṣād'' (الصاد)


Ɣ kra n imdyatn idrusn, askkil ṣād (الصاد) da igzza ''ṣ'':


Targalt ''g'' da tettuzmmam s ''ǧīm'' nɣ ''kāf'' nɣ ''qāf'':


Targalt ''j'' da tettuzmmam ''ǧīm'' nɣ ''cīn'':


Targalt tussidt ''ǧǧ'' da bdda tettuzmmam s ''ǧīm'':


**Agancuc*'

Ar ittuzmmam ugancuc n trglin tulɣiwanin g tirra timɣrt s tmatart *ḍamma'' (الضمة), f uskkil nna nit ilan agancuc nɣ walli t izwarn.

## Tisaɣulin
 
  
  
 
 

-{}-