Percy Bysshe Shelley

**Persi Biš Šeli** (; Horšam, 4. avgusta 1792. – Tirensko more, 8. jula 1822.) bio je engleski pesnik i jedan od najistaknutijih predstavnika romantizma, zajedno s Džonom Kitsom i Džordžom Bajronom.

Po svojoj vatrenoj veri u svemoć ljudskog uma te potpunom ignorisanju verovanja i navika iz prošlosti Šeli pripada pristalicama ideja prosvetiteljstva. *[[Enquiry Concerning Political Justice|Politička pravda]]* Vilijama Godvina, proniknuta revolucionarnim anarhizmom devedesetih godina 18. veka, uskoro je postala njegova ideja vodilja. Međutim, Šeli je Godvinove ideje pretočio u hrabro zamišljenu poetsko-intelektualnu viziju. Njegove su lirske slike lake i maglovite. Kao pesnik, Šeli već početkom 19. veka pripada blistavoj poetskoj epohi poznatoj kao romantizam. Karakteristika njegova genija jest ta što je on u isto vreme i racionalista i romantički mislilac, propovednik i pesnik.

Studirao je na Univerzitetu u Oksfordu, odakle je bio izbačen zbog pisanja brošure "O neophodnosti ateizma" (1811.), zajedno sa svojim prijateljem Tomasom Hogom. S devetnaest godina odlazi u Škotsku, gde se ženi šesnaestogodišnjom Herijet Vestbruk. Godine 1916. napušta trudnu suprugu i, inspirisan avanturističkim romanima, beži s novom ljubavlju, mladom Meri, kćeri Vilijama Godvina, u Švajcarsku. Tamo se sprijateljio s Bajronom. Kasnije se preselio u Italiju. Umro je na jedrenjaku za vreme oluje u blizini Livorna 1822. godine.

Njegova druga supruga, Meri Šeli, poznata je po romanu *[[Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus|Frankenštajn ili moderni Prometej]]*. Posle smrti svoga muža brinula se o izdavanju njegovih dela.

## Odabrana dela

* "O neophodnosti ateizma" (engl.: ''The Necessity of Atheism'') (esej, 1809.)
* ** (engl.: *Zastrozzi: A Romance*) (roman, 1810.)
* *[[St. Irvyne; or, The Rosicrucian|Sveti Irvajn]]* (engl.: *St. Irvyne; or, The Rosicrucian*) (roman, 1811.)
* *[[Queen Mab|Kraljica Mab]]* (engl.: *Queen Mab*) (poema, 1813.)
* *[[Alastor; or, The Spirit of Solitude|Alastor ili duh samoće]]* (engl.: *Alastor; or, The Spirit of Solitude*) (poema, 1815.)
* "Himna intelektualnoj lepoti" (engl.: *Hymn to Intellectual Beauty*) (1816.)
* "Mon Blan" (engl.: *Mont Blanc*) (oda, 1816.)
* *[[The Revolt of Islam|Pobuna islama]]* (engl.: *The Revolt of Islam*) (poema, 1817.)
* "Ozimandija" (engl.: *Ozymandias*) (sonet, 1818.)
* *[[Prometheus Unbound|Oslobođeni Prometej]]* (engl.: *Prometheus Unbound*) (lirska drama, 1818.)
* *[[The Masque of Anarchy|Maska anarhije]]* (engl.: *The Masque of Anarchy*) (poema, 1819.)
* "Oda zapadnom vetru" (engl.: *Ode to the West Wind*) (oda, 1819.)
* *[[The Cenci|Čenči]]* (engl.: *The Cenci*) (tragedija, 1819.)
* *[[Hellas (drama)|Helada]]* (engl.: *Hellas*) (lirska drama, 1821.)
* *[[Epipsychidion|Epipshidion]]* (engl.: *Epipsychidion*) (poema, 1821.)
* "" (engl.: *Adonais: An Elegy on the Death of [[John Keats]]*) (pastoralna elegija, 1821.)
* "U odbranu poezije" (engl.: Defence of Poetry'') (esej, 1821.)

## Literatura

* Edmund Blunden, *Shelley: A Life Story*, Viking Press, 1947.
* James Bieri, *Percy Bysshe Shelley:  A Biography*, Johns Hopkins University Press, 2008, .
* Richard Altick, *The English Common Reader*. Ohio: Ohio State University Press, 1998.
* Cameron, Kenneth Neill. *The Young Shelley: Genesis of a Radical*. First Collier Books ed. New York: Collier Books, 1962, cop. 1950. 480 p.
* Edward Chaney. 'Egypt in England and America: The Cultural Memorials of Religion, Royalty and Religion', *Sites of Exchange: European Crossroads and Faultlines*, eds. M. Ascari and A. Corrado. Amsterdam and New York: Rodopi, 2006, pp.&nbsp;39–69.
*Holmes, Richard. *Shelley: The Pursuit.* New York: E. P. Dutton, 1975.
* Meaker, M. J. *Sudden Endings, 12 Profiles in Depth of Famous Suicides*, Garden City, New York, Doubleday, 1964 p.&nbsp;67–93: "The Deserted Wife: Harriet Westbrook Shelley".
*Maurois, André, *Ariel ou la vie de Shelley*, Paris, Bernard Grasset, 1923
* St Clair, William. *The Godwins and the Shelleys: A Biography of a Family*. London: Faber and Faber, 1990.
* St Clair, William. *The Reading Nation in the Romantic Period.* Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005.
*Hay, Daisy. *Young Romantics: the Shelleys, [[Byron]], and Other Tangled Lives*, Bloomsbury, 2010.
*Owchar, Nick. "The Siren's Call: An epic poet as Mary Shelley's co-author. A new edition of 'Frankenstein' shows the contributions of her husband, Percy." *Los Angeles Times*, 11 October 2009.
*Rhodes, Jerry. "New paperback by UD professor offers two versions of Frankenstein tale." *UDaily*, University of Delaware, 30 September 2009. Charles E. Robinson: "These italics used for Percy Shelley's words make even more visible the half-dozen or so places where, in his own voice, he made substantial additions to the 'draft' of *Frankenstein*."
*Pratt, Lynda. "Who wrote the original *Frankenstein*? Mary Shelley created a monster out of her 'waking dream' – but was it her husband Percy who 'embodied its ideas and sentiments'?" *The Sunday Times*, 29 October 2008.
*Adams, Stephen. "Percy Bysshe Shelley helped wife Mary write *Frankenstein*, claims professor: Mary Shelley received extensive help in writing *Frankenstein* from her husband, Percy Bysshe Shelley, a leading academic has claimed." *Telegraph*, 24 August 2008. Charles E. Robinson: "He made very significant changes in words, themes and style. The book should now be credited as 'by Mary Shelley with Percy Shelley'."
*Shelley, Mary, with Percy Shelley. *The Original Frankenstein*. Edited with an Introduction by Charles E. Robinson. NY: Random House Vintage Classics, 2008. 
* Richard Ackermann: *Quellen, Vorbilder, Stoffe zu Shelleys poetischen Werken* (Erlangen: Deichert, 1890).
* Elmar Dod: "Die Vernünftigkeit der Imagination in Aufklärung und Romantik. Eine komparatistische Studie zu Schillers und   Shelleys ästhetischen Theorien in ihrem europäischen Kontext". Tübingen: Max Niemeyer Verlag 1985. 
* Neville Rogers, *Shelley at Work. A Critical Inquiry* (Oxford University Press, 1956; repr. 1967).
* E. R. Wasserman, *Shelley. A Critical Reading* (Baltimore, 1971). 
* A. Leighton, *Shelley and the Sublime. An Interpretation of the Major Poems* (1984).
* James Bieri: *Percy Bysshe Shelley. A biography*. University of Delaware Press, Newark, Del. 2005.
# *Youth's unextinguished fire. 1792-1816*, .
# *Exile of unfullfilled renown. 1816-1822*, .
* Kenneth N. Cameron: *Young Shelley. The genesis of a radical*. Octagon Books, New York 1973, .
* Paul Hamilton: * Percy Bysshe Shelley*. Northcoete House, Tavistock 2000, .
* Rüdiger Hillgärtner: *Bürgerlicher Individualismus und revolutionäre Moral. Percy Bysshe Shelley* (Darmstadt: Thesen-Verlag 1974), .
* Horst Höhne: *Percy Bysshe Shelley. Leben und Werk* (Frankfurt/M.: Lang 1998), .
* D.&nbsp;J. Hughes: *Potentialität in Shelleys >Prometheus Unbound<*. In: Willi Erzgräber (Hrsg.): *Interpretationen Band 8 · Englische Literatur von William Blake bis Thomas Hardy*. Fischer Verlag, Frankfurt a.&nbsp;M. et&nbsp;al. 1970, S. 91-112.

## Vanjske veze

* 
* 
* Percy Bysshe Shelley Resources
* Selected Poems of Shelley
* A Guide to the Percy Bysshe Shelley Manuscript Material in the Pforzheimer Collection
* A talk on Shelley's politics (MP3) by Paul Foot: part 1 , *part 2 
* A pedigree of the Shelley family
* Plato's Ion, the Shelley translation 
* The Complete Poetical Works of Percy Bysshe Shelley
* 
* Online exhibition of Shelley's notebooks, objects, letters and drafts alongside artefacts of Mary Wollstonecraft, Mary Shelley and William Godwin