Kleomenov rat

**Kleomenov rat** (229/228. pne. &ndash; 222. pne.) se vodio između Sparte i Elide na jednoj, te Ahajskog saveza i Makedonije na drugoj strani. Završio je s ahajsko-makedonskom pobjedom.

Ime je dobio po spartanskom kralju Kleomenu III koji je po dolasku na vlast započeo niz opsežnih ekonomskih i političkih reformi s ciljem da Sparti vrati nekadašnju vojnu moć, odnosno hegemoniju nad Grčkom. U tome su mu otpor pružali efori, pa je njihov uticaj nastojao suzbiti popularnim vojnim pohodima protiv susjeda. To ga je dovelo u sukob s Ahajskim savezom i njegovim strategosom Aratom iz Sikiona.

Kleomen je ispočetka imao velikih uspjeha. Pobijedio je Arata u bitci kod Likejske gore, a nakon likvidacije efora pokrenuo pohod na Arkadiju, potom još jednom pobijedio Arata u bitci kod Dime. Ahajski savez je bio prisiljen tražiti pomoć od makedonskog kralja Antigona III Dosona. U međuvremenu je Kleomen zauzeo Korint i Argos. Kada je 222. pne. makedonska vojska konačno prodrla na Peloponez, Kleomen je bio prisiljen na povlačenje, a u bitci kod Selasije je njegova vojska uništena. Kleomen je pobjegao iz Sparte, koja je okupirana, i prestala biti vojnom silom.

## Izvori

### Primarni izvori
* Pausanias (translated by W.H.S. Jones). *Description of Greece*. London: Cambridge, 1918.
* Plutarch (translated by Richard Talbert). *Life of Agis*. New York: Penguin Classics, 1988. 
* Plutarch (translated by Richard Talbert). *Life of Cleomenes*. New York: Penguin Classics, 1988. 
* Plutarch (translated by Richard Talbert). *Plutarch on Sparta*. New York: Penguin Classics, 1988. 
* Polybius (translated by Frank W. Walbank). *The Rise of the Roman Empire*. New York: Penguin Classics, 1979. 
* Plutarch. *[http://www.attalus.org/old/aratus2.html Life of Aratus]*. Attalus (Retrieved on August 9, 2007).

### Sekundarni izvori
* Grainger, John. *The League of Aitolians*. Leiden: Koninklijke, 1999. .
* Green, Peter. *Alexander to Actium: The Historical Evolution of the Hellenistic Age*. Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1990. .
* Habicht, Christian. *Athens from Alexander to Antony*. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1997. 
* Hackett, John. *Warfare in the Classical World*. London: Sidgwick & Jackson, 1989. .
* Hammond, Nicholas. *The Macedonian State: Origins, Institutions and History*. Clarendon Press, 1989. 
* Hammond, Nicholas. *A History of Macedon Volume III: 336-167 B.C*. Oxford University Press, reprinted 2001. 
* Lemprière, John. Lemprière's Bibliotheca Classica. London: Bracken Books, 1989. 
* Niebuhr, Barthold Georg. *[http://ia340925.us.archive.org/3/items/niebuhrslectures02niebiala A History of Rome (Volume II)]*. Million Book Project (Accessed May 9, 2007). 
* Shipley, Graham. *The Greek World After Alexander: 323-30 BC*. London: Routledge, 2000. 
* Smith, William. *[[Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology]]*. London: John Murray, 1873.
* F W Walbank. *The Cambridge Ancient History, Volume 2*. Cambridge University Press, 1989. 
* Warry, John (1995; edition 2006). *Warfare in the Classical World* London (UK), University of Oklahoma Press , Norman Publishing Division of the University by special arrangement with Salamander Books Ltd. 
* Yonah, Michael Avi and Shatzman, Israel. *Illustrated Encyclopaedia of the Classical World*. Jerusalem: Jerusalem Publishing House, 1976.