Dorogomilovo Destrict

**Dorogomilovo Destrict** () is a destrict o Wastren Admeenistrative Okrug o the federal ceety o Moscow, Roushie. Population:   Postal codes: 113000 tae 119000.

The destrict, adjacent tae Presnensky, Arbat, an Khamovniki Destricts o Central Admeenistrative Okrug, contains a prestigious  strip o land alang Kutuzovsky Prospekt, Victory Pairk, an Kiyevsky Rail Terminal.

## History
*This section is based on P.V.Sytin's "History of Moscow Streets"*

Original Dorogomilovo *[[sloboda]]* wis locatit on the opposite (eastren) bank o the Moskva River, atween Khamovniki an Novodevichy Monastery. Peasants o this sloboda, personally free, wur payin their taxes wi Yam (mail coach) service on the auld road tae Smolensk, the main link atween Moscow an Poland. Smolensk wis annexed bi Moscow in the course o the Roushie-Pols War, an as a result the road wis straichtened an a new river crossin emergit on steid o present-day Borodinsky Brig. Dorogomilovo sloboda relocatit tae the wastren bank, tae present-day Dorogomilovo. For the next twa hundrer years, the new an the auld dounsets shared the same name. The anerly ither dounset on the wastren bank wis a fishin veelage awned bi Patriairch.

In 1731–1742, when Moscow ceety boondar expandit tae Kamer-Kollezhsky Val limits, Dorogomilovo sloboda wis incorporatit intae Moscow. Gradually, the ance-free coach-drivers wur strippit o their liberties an reducit tae taxpayer peasant status. Umwhile sloboda population decreased frae 117 hoosehaulds in 1699 tae 24 in 1801. Insteid, Dorogomilovo acquired ane o Moscow's lairgest cemeteries (Orthodox, 1771, Jewish, 1788).

In 1812, auld Smolensk road witnessed the retreat o Roushie troops an Napoleon's conquest o Moscow. The veelage o Fili, whaur Kutuzov made his decision tae abandon Moscow, is situatit juist ootside o the modren Dorogomilovo Destrict boundary. The French mairched tae Moscow in three columns, crossin the river in Fili, Dorogomilovo, an Luzhniki. Meanwhile, woondit at Battle o Borodino whaur dyin an buriet at Dorogomilovo cemeteries.

Industrial development o the 19t century wis slow, due tae the regular floods. The main employers in the aurie wis a brewery set on a hill in 1875, still operatin as Badayev Brewery (19t century postcaird ), a dye factory (1883), an a cement plant (1894). Newspapers, describin 1879 flood, wrote that "brewery wirkers managit tae roll oot a beer barrel an floatit awa frae the steid"... Development wis boostit bi construction o Bryansky (nou Kiyevsky) railwey terminal, oreeginally biggit in firth (1900 postcaird). In 1912, the ceety biggit new Borodinsky Brig, which still staunds. New Kiyevsky Terminal, designed bi Ivan Rerberg an Vladimir Shukhov in 1912–1914, wis completit durin the Roushie Ceevil War, in 1920.

### Dorogomilovo Cathedral
Dorogomilovo uised tae hae Moscow's seicont lairgest temple (efter Christ the Saviour, photo ), ratit for 10,000 wirshippers. It wis set on the steid o present-day corner block at 1&nbsp;Bolshaya Dorogomilovskaya; thare are nae reliable explanations why it wis biggit in such a remote an scarcely populatit place. Construction o Byzantine Revival Bogoyavlensky Temple proceedit frae 1898 tae 1910. Oreeginally modelled efter Christ the Saviour, the design wis later chyngit frae five-domit tae a single dome, an externally wis the maist austere o Moscow cathedrals.

Stairtin in 1918, Bolshevik authorities began harassin the clergy, an in 1922 strippit the kirk o aw siller an gowd, causin the Dorogomilovo Riot (5-7 Apryle 1922). Efter the demolition o Christ the Saviour (1931), Dorogomilovo Cathedral wis the main operatin temple o Roushie Orthodox Kirk, till its destruction in 1938.

### Modren history

In the 1920s, Dorogomilovo hoosit some o Moscow's post-war firsts, notably, the first new schuil (Schuil No.&nbsp;56 at 22&nbsp;Kutuzovsky, 1927), the first new hotel (*Kiyevskaya*, 1934), an a student campus that gave it name tae Studencheskaya Street anda metro station.

In 1935, Dorogomilovo became the steid o a major Stalinist airchitectur project. A 2.7-kilometer lang stretch o Dorogomilovskaya Street an Mozhaysk heich-gate wis zoned for first-rate hoosin construction; hauf o the project wis actually completit afore Juin 1941. Ane o these apairtment blocks, 26&nbsp;Kutuzovsky, is kent as Leonid Brezhnev's Mikhail Suslov's an Yuri Andropov's hame. Construction wis completit durin post-war years.

In 1938–1950s, Dorogomilovo cemeteries wur gradually destroyed an redevelopit; housomeivver, for a short time in 1938–1940 an in 1946, relatives wur alloued tae re-bury the remains at oot-o-toun cemeteries. Remains o Isaac Levitan wur relocatit frae Jewish cemetery tae Novodevichy Cemetery. A railwey track tae the brewery wis severed frae the main line, as a result ane can see an IS20 steam locomotive strandit ahint factory gates.

Post-war construction wis concentratit on the embankments an the beginnin o Kutuzovsky Prospect, notably, the Ukraina Hotel Skyscraper (1947–1952). Grand Stalinist biggins completit the perimeters o lairge ceety blocks; inside, firthen shacks (photo ) survivit till the 1970s an wur replacit wi Brezhnev-era staundart hoosin (o better-than-average variety).

## Notable biggins, cultural, an eddicational facilities
*Ukraina Hotel
*German-Soviet War museum in Victory Pairk
*Borodino Panorama (1962, pentin 1912) an Kutuzov monument (1973)
*Triumphal Airch (1968), replica o 1829–1834 oreeginal bi Joseph Bove that wis razit in 1936
*Bagration monument (1999) an Bagration Brig (1997)

## Eddication
The Embassy o Indie Schuil Moscow is in the destrict.

## Public transportation access
Moscow Metro:
*Kievskaya-Koltsevaya, Kievskaya (Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya), Kievskaya (Filyovskaya) - west
*Studencheskaya, Kutuzovskaya - center
*Fili - north (industrial grounds only)
*Park Pobedy - west, Victory Park and Borodino Panorama

## References