Banner o Indie

The **Naitional Banner o Indie** is a horizontal rectangular tricolour o deep saffron, white an Indie green; wi the *[[Ashoka Chakra]]*, a 24-spoke wheel, in blue at its centre. It wis adoptit in its present form durin a meetin o the Constituent Assembly held on 22 Julie 1947, when it became the offeecial banner o the Dominion o Indie. The banner wis subsequently retained as that o the Republic o Indie. In Indie, the term "tricolour" (, Tirangā)  amaist aaways refers tae the Indian naitional banner. The banner is based on the *Swaraj* banner, a banner o the Indian Naitional Congress designed bi Pingali Venkayya.

The banner, bi law, is tae be made o *[[khadi]],* a special teep o haund-spun cloth o cotton or silk made popular bi Mahatma Gandhi. The manufacturin process an specifications for the banner are laid oot bi the Bureau o Indian Staundarts. The richt tae manufacture the banner is held bi the Khadi Development and Village Industries Commission, who allocate it tae the regional groups. As o 2009, the Karnataka Khadi Gramodyoga Samyukta Sangha wis the sole manufacturer o the banner.

Uisage o the banner is govrened bi the Banner Code o Indie an ither laws relatin tae the naitional emblems. The oreeginal code prohibitit uise o the banner bi private ceetizens except on naitional days such as the Unthirldom day an the Republic Day. In 2002, on hearin an appeal frae a private ceetizen, the Supreme Court o Indie directit the Govrenment o Indie tae amend the code tae allou banner uisage bi private ceetizens. Subsequently, the Union Cabinet o Indie amendit the code tae allou leemitit uisage. The code wis amendit ance mair in 2005 tae allou some additional uise includin adaptations on certain forms o clothin. The banner code an aa govrens the protocol o flyin the banner an its uise in conjunction wi ither naitional an non-naitional flas.

## Design an seembolism

Gandhi first proposed a banner tae the Indian Naitional Congress in 1921. The banner wis designed bi Pingali Venkayya, an agriculturist frae Machilipatnam. The oreeginal design Gandhi wis presentit wi includit twa colours, red for the Hindus, an green for the Muslims. In the centre wis a traditional spinnin wheel, seembolisin Gandhi's goal o makin Indians sel-reliant bi fabricatin thair awn clothin. The design wis then modified tae include a white stripe in the centre for ither releegious communities, an provide a backgrund for the spinnin wheel. Subsequently, tae avoid sectarian associations wi the colour scheme, saffron, white an green wur chosen for the three baunds, representin courage an sacrifice, peace an truth, an faith and chivalry respectively.

A few days afore Indie became independent on August 1947, the specially constitutit Constituent Assembly decidit that the banner o Indie must be acceptable tae aw pairties an communities. A modified version o the *Swaraj flag* wis chosen; the tricolour remained the same saffron, white an green. Housomeivver, the *charkha* wis replaced bi the Ashoka Chakra representin the eternal wheel o law. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan, who later became Indie's first Vice Preses, clarified the adoptit banner an describit its significance as follaes:

## References