Leet o wather records

This is a **leet o wather records**, a leet o the maist extreme occurrences o wather phenomena for various categories.

## Temperatur

### Measurin condeetions
The staundart measurin condeetions for temperatur are in the air, 1.5 meters abuin the grund, an shielded frae direct sunlicht (hence the term, x degrees "in the shade"). The follaein leets include aw offeecially confirmed claims measurt bi those methods.

Temperaturs measured directly on the grund mey exceed air temperaturs bi 30 tae 50&nbsp;°C.  A grund temperature o 84&nbsp;°C (183.2&nbsp;°F) haes been recordit in Port Sudan, Sudan. A grund temperatur o 93.9&nbsp;°C (201&nbsp;°F) wis recordit in Furnace Creek, Death Valley, Californie, USA on 15 Julie 1972; this mey be the heichest naitural grund surface temperatur ever recordit.  The theoretical maximum possible grund surface temperatur haes been estimatit tae be atween 90 and 100&nbsp;°C for dry, darkish siles o law thermal conductivity.

Satellite measurements o grund temperature taken atween 2003 an 2009, taken wi the MODIS infrared spectroradiometer on the Aqua satellite, foond a maximum temperatur o 70.7&nbsp;°C (159.3&nbsp;°F), which wis recorded in 2005 in the Lut Desert, Iran.  The Lut Desert wis an aa foond tae hae the heichest maximum temperatur in 5 o the 7 years measurt (2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 an 2009.)  Thir measurements reflect averages ower a lairge region an sae are lawer than the maximum pynt surface temperatur.

Satellite measurements o the surface temperatur o Antarctica, taken atween 1982 an 2013, foond a cauldest temperatur o −93.2&nbsp;°C (−136&nbsp;°F) on 10 August 2010, at .  Althou this is nae comparable tae an air temperature, it is believed that the air temperatur at this location wad hae been lawer than the offeecial record lawest air temperatur o −89.2&nbsp;°C.

### Heat

#### Heichest temperaturs ever recordit bi continent

#### Africae

#### Antarcticae

#### Asie

#### Europe
} (in Europe)
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|Utta, Kalmykie
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|Serravalle
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|Smederevska Palanka, Podunavlje
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|Hurbanovo
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|Cerklje ob Krki
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|Montoro, Cordoba (as Montoro Vega Armijo)
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|Ultuna, Uppsala Coonty/Målilla, Kalmar County (tied)
| /29 Juin 1947
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|Grono, Moesa Destrict
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|Luhansk
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|Cambridge, Cambridgeshire
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|Vatican Ceety
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#### North Americae

#### Oceanie

#### Sooth Americae

#### Ither heich-temperature records
* **Fastest temperatur rise:** 27&nbsp;°C (49&nbsp;°F) in twa minutes; Spearfish, Sooth Dakota, 1943-01-22.
* **Maist consecutive days abuin 37.8&nbsp;°C (100&nbsp;°F):** 160 days; Marble Bar, Wastren Australie frae 31 October 1923 tae 7 Aprile 1924.
* **Surface temperatur:** Heat records are measurt bi air temperature abuin the grund. Remote sensin can estimate grund or "skin" surface temperaturs: the MODIS satellite foond in a brief survey a grund temperature o , in the Lut Desert o Iran, the hettest detectit.

### [[Cauld]]

### Lawest temperaturs recordit

### Bi continent

#### Africae

#### Antarcticae

#### Asie

#### Europe

#### North Americae

#### Sooth Americae

#### Oceanie

### Ither law-temperatur records
* **Fastest temperatur drop:** 27.2&nbsp;°C (49&nbsp;°F) in 5 meenits; Rapid City, Sooth Dakota, 10 Januar 1911.
* **Cauldest simmer (month o Julie in the Northren Hemisphere)**:  degrees; Summit Camp, Greenland on 4 Julie 2017.

## Precipitation
* **Least per year (locale)**:  per year or less, Quillagua, Antofagasta Region, Chile.

### Rain
* **Maist in ane minute**: ; Barot, Guadeloupe, 26 November 1970.
* **Maist in ane oor**:  in 42 minutes. Holt, Missouri, Unitit States, 22 Juin 1947.
* **Maist in 12 oors**: ; Cilaos, Réunion, 8 Januar 1966, during tropical cyclone Denise.
* **Maist in 24 oors**: ; Cilaos, Réunion, 7–8 Januar 1966, during tropical cyclone Denise.
* **Maist in 48 oors**: ; Cherrapunji, Meghalaya, Indie, 15–16 Juin 1995.
* **Maist in 72 oors**: ; Commerson, Réunion, 24–26 Februar 2007.
* **Maist in 96 oors**: ; Commerson, Réunion, 24–27 Februar 2007.
* **Maist in ane year**: ; Cherrapunji, Meghalaya, Indie, 1860–1861.
* **Heichest average annual tot**: ; Mawsynram, Meghalaya, Indie.

### Snaw
* **Maist in ane-year period**: 31.5 meters (102&nbsp;ft); Mount Rainier, Washington, United States, 19 Februar 1971 tae 18 Februar 1972.
* **Maist in ane saison (1 Julie – 30 Juin):** 29.0&nbsp;meters, (95&nbsp;ft); Mount Baker, Washington, United States, 1998 throu 1999.
* **Maist in ane calendar month** an **greatest snow depth** in North Americae: 990.6&nbsp;cm (390 inches) o snaw fell in Tamarack, Californie in Januar 1911, leadin tae a snaw depth in Mairch o 1145.5&nbsp;cm (451 inches).

## Wind speed
* **Fastest ever recorded**: 484±32&nbsp;km/h (301±20&nbsp;mph) 3-second gust; Observed bi a DOW (Doppler On Wheels) radar unit in a tornado near Oklahoma City, Oklahoma on 3 Mey 1999.
* **Fastest recorded wi an [[anemometer]]:** 113.2&nbsp;m/s or  3-second gust; ane of five extreme gusts during a series of 5-min time periods; Barrow Island (Western Australia), 10 Aprile 1996, during Cyclone Olivia.
* **Fastest recorded wi an anemometer ootside a [[tropical cyclone]]:** 372&nbsp;km/h (231&nbsp;mph) sustained 1-minute average; Mount Washington, New Hampshire, 12 Aprile 1934.
* **Fastest daily average:** 174&nbsp;km/h (108&nbsp;mph); Port Martin (Adélie Land), Antarctica, 24-oor period frae 21 Mairch 1951 tae 22 Mairch 1951.

## Tornadoes

### Deadliest in history
* **On Yird**: Approximately 1300 daiths; Manikganj Destrict, Bangladesh on 26 Aprile 1989.
* **In North Americae:** 695 daiths (Tri-State Tornado); Missouri, Illinois, Indiana, United States 18 Mairch 1925.
* **In Europe:** 600 or mair (Grand Harbour Tornado); Valletta, Malta, 23 September 1551 or 1556 (soorces conflict)
* **In Sooth Americae:** 63 daiths, San Justo, Santa Fe, Argentina, 10 Januar 1973
* **In Australie:** Three daiths, Kin Kin, Queensland tornado, 14 August 1971

### Ootbreaks
* **Lairgest an maist severe:** The Aprile 25–28, 2011 tornado outbreak: 207 confirmed tornadoes occurred in a span o 24 oors, wi a tot o 337 occurrin throuoot the duration o the ootbreak.  Thay affectit sax US states, an includit 11 EF4s an 4 EF5s.

## Tropical cyclones

### Maist intense (bi minimum surface air pressur)
* **Maist intense iver recordit**: 870&nbsp;hPa (25.63&nbsp;inHg); ee o Super Typhoon Tip ower the Pacific Ocean, 12 October 1979.
* **Maist intense in the [[Western Hemisphere]]:** 872&nbsp;hPa (25.75&nbsp;inHg); ee o Hurricane Patricia ower the eastren Paceefic Ocean, 23 October 2015.
* **Maist intense iver recordit on laund:** 892&nbsp;hPa (26.35&nbsp;inHg); Craig's Key, Florida, ee o the Labor Day Hurricane, 2 September 1935.  While ither laundfawin tropical cyclones potentially haed lawer pressurs, data is vague frae auries ither nor the Atlantic basin, especially afore the invention o wather satellites.

## Ither severe wather

### Hail

* **Hiviest offeecially recordit:** ; Gopalganj Destrict, Bangladesh, 14 Aprile 1986.
* **Lairgest diameter offeecially measurt:**  diameter,  circumference; Vivian, Sooth Dakota, 23 Julie 2010.
* **Lairgest circumference offeecially measurt:**  circumference,  diameter; Aurora, Nebraska, 22 Juin 2003.

### Lichtnin
* **Langest lichtnin bowt**:  on 20 Juin 2007 in Oklahoma.
* **Langest duration for a single lichtnin flash**: 7.74 seconds on 30 August 2012 in Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, Fraunce.
* **Maist strikes per year**: Catatumbo lichtnin in Loch Maracaibo, Venezuela earned the tap spot receivin an average rate o aboot 233 flashes per square kilometer per year.

### UV
*On Dec. 29, 2003, a warld-record UV index o 43.3 wis detectit at Bolivia's Licancabur volcano.

## Ither categories
* **Heichest air pressur ever recorded (abuin 750 meters)**: 1084.8&nbsp;hPa (32.03&nbsp;inHg); Tosontsengel, Khövsgöl Province,  Mongolia, 19 December 2001. This is the equivalent sea-level pressur; Tosontsengel is locatit at  abuin sea level.  The heichest adjusted-tae-sea-level barometric pressur ever recordit (ablo 750 meters) wis at Agata, Evenhiyskiy, Roushie (66°53’N, 93°28’E, elevation: 261&nbsp;m (856.3&nbsp;ft)) on 31 December 1968 o 1,083.3 hectopascals (hPa) (31.99 inHg). The discrimination is due tae the problematic assumptions (assumin a staundart lapse rate) associatit wi reduction o sea level frae heich elevations.

## See an aa

* Extremes on Yird
* Leet o extreme temperaturs in Canadae
* UK rainfaw records
* U.S. state temperatur extremes
* Wather extremes in Canadae
* 2013 extreme wather events

## Notes

## References

## Freemit airtins
* National Climate Extremes Committee 
* Global Weather & Climate Extremes (Arizona State Varsity)