Syamzhensky Destrict

**Syamzhensky Destrict** () is a administrative an municipal destrict (raion), ane o the twinty-sax in Vologda Oblast, Roushie. It is locatit in the centre o the oblast an borders wi Vozhegodsky Destrict in the north, Verkhovazhsky Destrict in the northeast, Totemsky Destrict in the east, Sokolsky Destrict in the sooth, an wi Kharovsky Destrict in the wast. The aurie o the destrict is . Its admeenistrative centre is the landwart locality (a *[[veelage#Roushie|selo]]*) o Syamzha. Destrict's population:  10,384 (2002 Census);  The population o Syamzha accoonts for 45.2% o the destrict's total population.

## Geografie
Amaist the entire aurie o the destrict belangs tae the basin o the Kubena River. The Kubena crosses the northwastren pairt o the destrict, enterin frae the north an exitin tae the wast. A major tributar o the Kubena athin the destrict is the Syamzhena. The soothren pairt o the destrict belangs tae the basin o the Syamzhena; in pairticular, the admeenistrative centre o the destrict, the *selo* o Syamzha, is locatit on the banks o the Syamzhena. The biggest lake o the destrict, Lake Shichengskoye, drains intae the Syamzhena an aw. The central an northren pairts o the destrict belang tae the basins o ither tributars o the Kubena, such as the Verdenga an the Yakhrenga. The northeastren pairt o the destrict drains intae the Vaga River, a major tributar o the Northren Dvina, an the Vaga crosses the destrict in the northerly direction. Feenally, some minor auries in the sooth an sootheast o the destrict belang tae the basins o the Sukhona's tributars, such as the Tsaryova an the Dvinitsa. The whole aurie o the destrict thus belangs tae the basins o the Northren Dvina an the White Sea.

Considerable auries athin the destrict are covered bi coniferous forests. Thare are swamps, pairticularly in the sooth, east, an northeast o the destrict. The biggest swamp in the destrict, the Shichengskoye Swamp, is locatit aroond Lake Shichengskoye.

## History
The general aurie wis oreeginally populatit bi the Finno-Ugric fowks an then colonisit bi the Novgorod Republic. In the upper course o the Syamzhena River, the remains o the 12t-century dounset—Chudin Val—hae been preservit. Efter the faw o Novgorod, the aurie became a pairt o the Grand Duchy o Moscow. In the course o the administrative reform carriet oot in 1708 bi Peter the Great, the aurie wis includit intae Archangelgorod Govrenorate. In 1780, the govrenorate wis abolisht an transformit intae Vologda Viceryalty. The latter wis abolisht in 1796, an the pairt o it which includit the current aurie o the destrict became Vologda Govrenorate. The territory o the modren destrict wis shared atween Kadnikovsky an Totemsky Uyezds.

In 1929, several govrenorates, includin Vologda Govrenorate, wur mergit intae Northren Krai. On 15 Julie 1929, the uyezds wur abolisht, an Syamzhensky Destrict wi the admeenistrative centre in the veelage o Yarygino wis establisht an became a pairt o Vologda Okrug o Northren Krai. In 1930, the okrug wis abolisht, an the destrict wis subordinatit tae the central admeenistration o Northren Krai. On 5 August 1931, Syamzhensky Destrict wis abolisht, an its aurie wis dividit atween Kharovsky an Totemsky Destricts. On 25 Januar 1935, the destrict wis re-establisht. The destrict's admeenistrative centre wis establisht in the veelage o Dyakovskaya. In 1936, the krai wis transformit intae Northren Oblast. In 1937, Northren Oblast wis split intae Arkhangelsk Oblast an Vologda Oblast. Syamzhensky Destrict remained in Vologda Oblast iver syne. In 1953, the admeenistrative centre o the destrict wis muivit tae the *selo* o Syamzha. Durin the abortive admeenistrative reforms o 1962-1965, the destrict wis appendit tae Kharovsky Destrict.

## Admeenistrative an municipal diveesions
Admeenistratively, the destrict is dividit intae ten selsoviets. Municipally, the destrict is incorporatit as **Syamzhensky Municipal Destrict** an is dividit intae aicht landwart dounsets. The municipal destrict includes aw o the inhabitit localities o the admeenistrative destrict, as well as three landwart localities (the dounsets o 47 km, Druzhba, an Sogorki) frae Kharovsky Destrict.

## Economie
### Industrie
The economie o the destrict is dominatit bi timber industrie, which produces 82% o aw guids in the destrict.

### Agricultur
In 2010, sax lairge- an mid-scale ferms operatit in the destrict. The main specializations wur cattle breedin an crops growin. The ferms producit milk an meat, an crops wur mainly uised tae feed the cattle.

### Transportation
Ane o the principal heich-gates in Roushie, M8, which connects Moscow an Arkhangelsk, crosses the destrict frae sooth tae north, passin Syamzha. Thare are local roads an aw, wi the bus traffic oreeginatin frae Syamzha.

Nane o the rivers are navigable athin the limits o the destrict.

## Cultur an recreation
The destrict contains saxty-three objects classifee'd as cultural an historical heritage o local significance. Maist o these are firthen ferms an kirks built prior tae 1917.

In 2006, the Syamzhensky Destrict Museum wis opened in Syamzha. It displays airchaeological, ethnografic, an local interest collections.

## References
### Notes

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