30 August

The **30t o August** is the 242nt day o the year (243rd in lowp years) in the Gregorian Calendar, wi 123 days bidin.

## Events

* 1464 - Pape Paul II is electit.
* 1832 - Greece's mairch wi the Ottoman Empire is agreed.
* 1835 - Melbourne, Australie is foondit.
* 1836 - Houston, Texas, is foondit.
* 1850 - Honolulu, the caipital o Hawaii, becomes a ceety.
* 1873 - Austrick splorers Julius von Payer an Karl von Weyprecht discover the isles o Franz Josef Laund in the Roushie Airctic.
* 1881 - Breetish passenger steamer RMS Teuton hits a reef aff Sooth Africae an sinks; 236 oot o 272 fowk on baird are kilt.
* 1917 - On a nicht-time sailin, French passenger steamer Natal collides wi an oncomin cargo ship; 105 oot o 509 fowk on baird are kilt.
* 1941 - Warld War II: The Siege o Leningrad begins.
* 1945 - Warld War II: Hong Kong is liberatit frae Japanese occupation bi Breetish troops.
* 1946 - In post-Warld War II Germany, the state o Rhineland-Palatinate is creatit in the French occupation zone.
* 1956 - The Lake Pontchartrain Causeway in Louisiana opens.
* 1974 - An express train travellin frae Dortmund tae Belgrade crashes in Zagreb, killin 153 fowk.
* 1984 - The Space Shuttle Discovery launches on its first mission.
* 1990 - Tatarstan declares unthirldom.
* 1991 - Azerbaijan declares unthirldom.
* 1993 - The Hassan II Mosque in Casablanca, Morocco, is inauguratit.
* 2001 - East Timor haulds its first election syne votin for unthirldom.
* 2009 - Yukio Hatoyama wins elections in Japan.
* 2010 - Francisco Varallo o Argentinae, the last-survivin player o the 1930 FIFA Warld Cup, dies agit 100.
* 2014 - Donald Tusk is selectit as European Cooncil Preses.
* 2016 - Doris McLemore, the last-survivin fluent speaker o the Wichita leid, dies agit 89.
* 2017 - The Queensferry Crossing, atween Lowden an Fife, opens tae traffic for the first time.
* 2020 - COVID-19 pandemic: The nummer o recordit COVID-19 cases warldwide reaches 25 million.

## Births

* 1748 - Jacques-Louis David, French penter (d. 1825)
* 1752 - Andrew Fyfe the Elder, Scots anatomist (d. 1824)
* 1797 - Mary Shelley, Inglis writer (d. 1851)
* 1852 - Jacobus Henricus van 't Hoff, Dutch chemist (d. 1911)
* 1855 - W. P. Ker, Scots leeterar scholart an essayist (d. 1923)
* 1871 - Ernest Rutherford, New Zealand pheesicist (d. 1937)
* 1884 - Theodor Svedberg, Swadish chemist (d. 1971)
* 1898 - Shirley Booth, American actress (d. 1992)
* 1912 - Edward Mills Purcell, American pheesicist (d. 1997)
* 1913 - Thomas F. Torrance, Scots theologian (d. 2007)
* 1927 - Douglas Mackay Henderson, Scots botanist (d. 2007)
* 1930 - Warren Buffett, American businessman
* 1943 - Bobby Lennox, Scots fitbawer
* 1946 - Anne Marie o Denmark, last Queen Consort o Greece
* 1948 - Victor Skumin, Roushie scientist, professor, medicinar, psychotherapist, writer an philosopher
* 1954 - Alexander Lukashenko, Preses o Belaroushie
* 1958 - Anna Politkovskaya, Roushie jurnalist an writer (d. 2006)
* 1960 - Ben Bradshaw, Inglis politeecian
* 1965 - Peter Grant, Scots fitbawer an manager
* 1967 - Eddie May, Scots fitbawer an manager
* 1972 - Cameron Diaz, American actress
* 1978 - Craig Smith, Scots rugby union player
* 1982 - Andy Roddick, American tennis player
* 1983 - Kris Commons, Inglis-Scots fitbawer
* 1983 - Simone Pepe, Italian fitbawer
* 1985 - Steven Smith, Scots fitbawer
* 1986 - Kylie Walker, Scots gowfer
* 1988 - Ernests Gulbis, Latvian tennis player
* 1989 - Bebe Rexha, American sangster, sangwriter an record producer
* 1990 - Aaron Muirhead, Scots fitbawer

## Daiths
* 1181 - Pape Alexander III (b. 1105)
* 1483 - Louis XI o Fraunce (b. 1423)
* 1928 - Wilhelm Wien, German pheesicist (b. 1864)
* 1940 - J. J. Thomson, Inglis pheesicist (b. 1856)
* 2003 - Charles Bronson, American actor (b. 1921)
* 2006 - Naguib Mahfouz, Egyptian writer (b. 1911)
* 2010 - Francisco Varallo, Argentine fitbawer (b. 1910)
* 2013 - Seamus Heaney, Erse poet (b. 1939)
* 2013 - Soledad Mexia, Mexican-American supercentenarian (b. 1899)
* 2015 - Oliver Sacks, Inglis neurologist an writer (b. 1933)
* 2015 - Wes Craven, American film director (b. 1939)
* 2016 - Doris McLemore, last-survivin fluent speaker o the Wichita leid (b. 1927)

## Halidays
* Peru - St. Rose of Lima's Day
* Victory Day (Turkey)
* Republic Day (Tatarstan)
* Internaitional Day o the Disappeared