9 November

The **9t o November** is the 313t day o the year (314t in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, wi 52 days bidin.

## Events

* 1620 - The Pilgrims on the Mayflower ship sicht laund at Cape Cod, Massachusetts.
* 1802 - Alexander von Humboldt observes the transit o Mercur frae Callao, Peru.
* 1867 - The Tokugawa shogunate haunds pouer back tae the Emperor o Japan, stairtin the Meiji Restoration.
* 1906 - Theodore Roosevelt becomes the first US Preses tae mak an offeecial owerseas veesit while in affice, in order tae inspect biggin wirk on the Panama Canal.
* 1918 - Philipp Scheidemann declares Germany a republic.
* 1922 - Albert Einstein belatedly wins the 1921 Nobel Prize in Pheesics.
* 1923 - The Munich Beer Haw Putsch, an early attempt at pouer bi Adolf Hitler, is endit.
* 1936 - Nazis remuive the statue o Felix Mendelssohn in Leipzig in the nicht tae 10 November.
* 1937 - Japan taks control o Shanghai, Cheenae.
* 1938 - Kristallnacht: In the nicht tae 10 November, the Nazis burn an destroy Jewish synagogues an businesses across Germany.
* 1953 - Cambodie gains unthirldom frae Fraunce.
* 1953 - Ibn Saud o Saudi Arabie dees. Aw o his successors, as o 2020, hae been his sons.
* 1963 - The Miike coal mine splosion in Japan kills 458 fowk.
* 1985 - Garry Kasparov wins the Warld Chess Championship, defeatin Anatoly Karpov.
* 1989 - The Berlin Waw is openit.
* 1990 - Nepal adopts a democratic constitution.
* 1993 - The Auld Brig at Mostar, Bosnie an Herzegovinae, is blown up durin the Balkan War.
* 1994 - The element Darmstadtium is discoverit.
* 1997 - The BBC News chainel is launched, unner the name "BBC News 24".
* 2000 - In Indie, the state o Uttarakhand is creatit.
* 2005 - European Space Agency probe "Venus Express" is launched frae Baikonur, Kazakhstan.
* 2005 - Suicide bombers attack three hotels in Amman, Jordan, killin ower 60 fowk.
* 2014 - Catalonie holds a symbolic vote on unthirldom frae Spain.
* 2016 - A tram derails in Croydon, Sooth Lunnon, killin 7 fowk.
* 2019 - An Indie coort gies a disputit releegious site in Ayodhya tae Hindus.
* 2020 - COVID-19 pandemic: Drog company Pfizer propales a vaccine that is said tae be 90% effective.
* 2020 - COVID-19 pandemic: The nummer o recordit COVID-19 cases in the Unitit States gets tae 10 million.

## Births

* 1683 - George II o Great Breetain (d. 1760)
* 1818 - Ivan Turgenev, Roushie writer (d. 1883)
* 1841 - Edward VII, King o the Unitit Kinrick (d. 1910)
* 1868 - Marie Dressler, Canadian-American actress (d. 1934)
* 1877 - Helen Crawfurd, Scots suffragette, activist an politeecian (d. 1954)
* 1877 - Muhammad Iqbal, Pakistani poet, philosopher an politeecian (d. 1938)
* 1914 - Hedy Lamarr, Austrick actress an inventor (d. 2000)
* 1918 - Spiro Agnew, Vice Preses o the Unitit States (d. 1996)
* 1934 - Carl Sagan, American astronomer an astropheesicist (d. 1996)
* 1936 - Mikhail Tal, Latvian chess player (d. 1992)
* 1938 - Bill Martin, Scots sangwriter, muisic publisher an impresario (d. 2020)
* 1948 - Luiz Felipe Scolari, Brazilian fitbaw manager
* 1960 - Andreas Brehme, German fitbawer
* 1961 - Jackie Kay, Scots Makar
* 1965 - Bryn Terfel, Welsh operatic baritone
* 1973 - Maija Vilkkumaa, Finnish sangster
* 1974 - Alessandro Del Piero, Italian fitbawer
* 1975 - Maria Ribeiro, Brazilian actress 
* 1979 - Caroline Flack, Inglis telly presenter (d. 2020)

## Daiths
* 959 - Constantine VII, Byzantine Emperor (b. 905)
* 1770 - John Campbell, 4t Duke o Argyll, Scots politeecian an general (b. 1693)
* 1918 - Guillaume Apollinaire, French poet (b. 1880)
* 1935 - Harold Tennant, Scots politeecian (b. 1865)
* 1937 - Ramsay MacDonald, Prime Meenister o the Unitit Kinrick (b. 1866)
* 1940 - Neville Chamberlain, Prime Meenister o the Unitit Kinrick (b. 1869)
* 1952 - Chaim Weizmann, first Preses o Israel (b. 1874)
* 1953 - Dylan Thomas, Welsh poet (b. 1914)
* 1953 - Ibn Saud, King o Saudi Arabie (b. 1876)
* 1970 - Charles de Gaulle, Preses o Fraunce (b. 1890)
* 1991 - Yves Montand, Italian-French sangster an actor (b. 1921)
* 2004 - Stieg Larsson, Swadish writer (b. 1954)
* 2014 - Joe Walsh, Erse politeecian (b. 1943)
* 2018 - Janet Paisley, Scots writer, poet an playwricht (b. 1948)

## Halidays
* Independence Day (Cambodie)
* Schicksalstag (Germany)
* Inventors' Day (Germany, Austrick, Swisserland)
* Birthday o Muhammad Iqbal (Pakistan)

## Ootside airtins
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