open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Abarth Simca 2000

The **Abarth Simca 2000** wis an Italian hie-performance automobile produced in the 1960s as a collaborative project o the Simca an Abarth companies in Turin, Italy.

## Product description
The A-S 2000 wis a coupé pouered bi a fower-cylinder Simca ingine o 1946.272 cc, ratit at 202&nbsp;bhp.  Its maximum speed wis leetit as 168&nbsp;mph (270&nbsp;km/hr).  Its oweraw length wis 11.84&nbsp;ft (3.609 m), oweraw width wis 4.85&nbsp;ft (1.48 m), heicht wis 3.93&nbsp;ft (1.199 m), its wheelbase wis 6.86&nbsp;ft (2.090 m), its front track wis 4.167&nbsp;ft (1.27 m), an its rear track wis 4.27&nbsp;ft (1.300 m).  Its fuel tank held 6.6 imperial gallons, although optional tanks o 12.1, 18.7 an 24.2 imperial gallons wur an aa available.  Its empty weight wis 1518&nbsp;lb (689&nbsp;kg).

The caur's radiator-coolin inlet wis a law-set oval in a forrit-thrustin nose; there wis nae obvious forward bumper.  The twa heidlichts wur set unner transparent fairins.  The bonnet wis lang an markedly sloped.  Its windshield wis mair hichtlie-sloped than maist contemporary vehicles.  An upturned air deflector wis mountit atop the rear trunk.

The petrol tank wis filled thru a lid-covered cap locatit at the upper-RH corner o the nearly-flat rear windae.

File:G Abarth Simca 2000 glass.jpg|Windae filler cap
File:Abarth Simca 2000 rear.jpg|Wha the competition saw!
File:S Abarth Simca 2000 side.jpg|performance stylin
File:Abarth Simca 2000 front.jpg|Abarth Coupe

## References
*L. A. Manwaring, *The Observer's Book of Automobiles* (12th ed., 1966), Library o Congress catalog card #62-9807, p.&nbsp;27
*Photographs o 1964 model at http://www.thecobraferrariwars.com/1543309.html
Abarth 205

The Abarth 205 wis a coupe sports caur biggit bi Austrian born tunin expert Carlo Abarth atween 1950 an 1951. Ae three caurs wur iver biggit.

## References
* http://www.ultimatecarpage.com/car/2483/Abarth-205-Vignale-Berlinetta.html
Fiat 4 HP

The **FIAT 4 HP,** sometimes cawed the **3 ½ CV,** wis the first model o caur produced bi FIAT. Aicht examples wur produced in its first year (1899) an total o 24 atween 1899 an 1900. The caur haed a water cooled 0.7-liter (679 cc) 2-cylinder, rear-mountit ingine producing 4.2 horsepower at 800 rpm, mountit tae a three-speed gearbox. (Nae reverse gear wis includit.) Wi this tiny ingine the caur could achieve top speed o 35 kilometres per hour (22&nbsp;mph). Despite haein such a sma ingine, the caur uised 8 litres per 100 kilometres (35 mpg-imp; 29 mpg-US) o fuel.

This first Fiat wis based on the wirk o Ceirano GB & C (caur producer) cawed Ceirano Welleyes. The 3 ½ had coachwork made by Marcello Alessio from Turin.
Couple o the First Fiats hae survived ane is in Automobile Museum o Turin, an ither ane in the Ford Museum in Dearborn in the USA.

## References
Innocenti Mini

The **Innocenti Mini** is an automobile introduced bi Leyland Innocenti in 1974.  The vehicle wis a rebodied, 3-door hatchback version o the Mini, styled bi Bertone.

The new-style Mini wis originally launched in twa versions, the 90L an 120L – the former haein the 998 cc A-series ingine puttin oot 43&nbsp;bhp (32&nbsp;kW; 44 PS), an the latter the 1275 cc unit, wi an extra 20&nbsp;bhp (15&nbsp;kW; 20 PS) on tap. These outputs wur later upratit tae 49&nbsp;bhp (37&nbsp;kW; 50 PS) an 65&nbsp;bhp (48&nbsp;kW; 66 PS) respectively.

Housomeivver, athin a year o its launch, BLMC went bankrupt an Innocenti wis selt tae de Tomaso - see Innocenti De Tomaso - who built the caur till 1993.

Efter 1982, the Breetish ingines incorporatit intae the original design being nae langer available, the caur wis adaptit tae take a three cylinder Daihatsu ingine frae 1983.

At ane stage, the Innocenti Mini wis selt in the UK an there wur even plans for it tae replace the Breetish Mini, but these came tae nothin.

## References

## External links
*Innocenti Mini 90L/120L
*www.innocenti-turbo-detomaso.com
Yamaha OX99-11

The **Yamaha OX99-11** wis a sports caur designed bi Yamaha subsidiary Ypsilon Technology an IAD, an Inglis ingineerin consultancy, which wis supposed tae come oot in 1994.

Yamaha began competin in Formula Ane in 1989, an uisin the experience thay haed gained during that time thay wantit tae big a price-no-object caur based on actual Formula Ane technology. Even tho the Formula Ane team wis daein poorly in competeetion, bi 1991 the team haed juist come oot wi a new ingine, the OX99, an approached a German company tae come up wi an initial version o the caur. Yamaha wis no pleased wi the result as it wis too seemilar tae sport caurs o that time, sae thay contactit IAD tae continue wirkin on the project. Bi the beginnin o 1992, juist unner 12 month efter startin tae wirk on the project, IAD came wi an initial version o the caur. The caur's design wis unnertaken bi Takuya Yura, an wis oreeginally conceived as a single seater. Housomeivver Yamaha requestit a twa-seater vehicle, an a tandem seatin arrangement wis suggestit, which wis in keepin wi Yamaha's motorcycle expertise. This resultit in a radical an somewha ootrageous design, lik its cockpit-lookin ruif. Ither notable specs wur the same carbon fiber chassis an OX99 ingine as the F1 caur, essentially providin the closest experience o a pure racin caur tae the consumer mercat.

Housomeivver, disagreements atween IAD an Yamaha ower the budget made Yamaha tak the project tae its awn Ypsilon Technology, who got 6 month tae finish the project afore gettin axt. Tae mak matters worse, Japan wis at that time in the midst o a financial crisis, which led Yamaha tae believe thay woudna be able tae find ony customer for thair caur, which wis expectit tae come oot wi a $800,000 price tag (ower $1 million in 2006 dollars).

Eventually the project wis delayed till 1994, afore finally bein cancelled. A tot o three prototypes wur biggit bi IAD.

## External links

* Interview with IAD's Dave Sullivan with pictures
* Pictures 
* News release from 1992
* Specifications #1
* Specifications #2
* OX99 F1 engine
David

**David** (Ebreu:דָּוִד, דָּוִיד,David,Dāwîḏ;beloved) wis the seicont king o the unitit Kinrick o Israel accordin tae the Hebrew Bible. He is depictit as a righteous king, although no athoot fault, as well as an acclaimed warrior, muisician an poet, traditionally creditit for composin mony o the psalms contained in the Book o Psalms.

Edwin Thiele dates his life tae c.1040–970 BC, his reign ower Judah c.1010–1003 BC, an his reign over the united Kinrick o Israel c.1003–970 BC. The Books of Samuel, 1 Kings, an 1 Chronicles are the ae source o information on his life an reign, although the Tel Dan stele records the existence in the mid-9t century o a Judean royal dynasty cawed the "Hoose o David".

David's life is particularly important tae Jewish, Christian, an Islamic cultur. In Judaism, David, or David HaMelekh ("David, the keeng"), is the Keeng o Israel, an the Jewish fowk. A direct descendant o David will be the Mashiach. In Christianity David is kent as an ancestor o Jesus' adoptive faither Joseph, an in Islam, he is kent as Dawood, considered tae be a prophet an the king o a naition.

## References
Cape Toun

**Cape Toun** (; *; *) is the seicont-maist populous ceety in Sooth Africae, an the lairgest in land aurie, formin pairt o the Ceety o Cape Toun metropolitan municipality. It is the provincial caipital an primate ceety o the Wastren Cape, as well as the legislative caipital o Sooth Africae, whaur the Naitional Parliament an mony govrenment offices are locatit. The ceety is famous for its harbour as well as its naitural settin in the Cape floral kinrick, includin such well-kent laundmerks as Table Muntain an Cape Point. Cape Town is an aa Africae's maist popular tourist destination.

Locatit on the shore o Table Bay, Cape Toun wis oreeginally developed bi the Dutch East Indie Company as a victuallin (supply) station for Dutch ships sailin tae Eastren Africae, Indie, an the Far East. Jan van Riebeeck's arrival on 6 Aprile 1652 established the first permanent European dounset in Sooth Africae. Cape Toun quickly ootgrew its oreeginal purpose as the first European ootpost at the Castle o Guid Howp, becomin the economic an cultural hub o the Cape Colony. Till the Witwatersrand Gowd Rush an the development o Johannesburg, Cape Toun wis the lairgest ceety in Sooth Africae.

## Twin touns—Sister ceeties
Cape Town haes sax twin touns an sister ceeties, as leetit belaw:

## References
Pietermaritzburg

**Pietermaritzburg** is the caipital an seicont lairgest ceety o the province o KwaZulu-Natal in Sooth Africae. It wis foondit in 1838. Its "purist" Zulu name is **umGungundlovu**, an this is the name uised for the district authority. Pietermaritzburg is popularly cawed **Maritzburg** in Inglis an Zulu alike, an aften informally abbreviatit tae **PMB**. It is a regionally important industrial hub, producin aluminium, timmer an dairy products. It is hame tae mony schools an tertiary education institutions, includin a campus o the University o KwaZulu-Natal.
Banner o Kyrgyzstan

The **banner o [[Kyrgyzstan]]** wis adoptit on 3 Mairch 1992 bi the Supreme Council o Kyrgyzstan. It consists o a reid field w a yellae sun in the centre haein 40 uniformly spaced rays.  In the centre o the sun is a reid ring crossed bi twa sets o three lines, a stylized representation o the *tündük* (Kyrgyz:*түндүк*}}, *tyndyk*) or croun o the traditional Kyrgyz yurt, a seembol replicatit in mony facets o Kyrgyz airchitecture.

The reid backgrund o the banner seembolizes bravery an valor, the sun represents peace an wealth, an the *tunduk* signifies the faimily hame or, bi extension, the universe. Accordin tae popular interpretations, the sun's 40 rays represent the 40 Kyrgyz tribes unified against the Mongols bi the epic hero Manas.

## See an aa
* Banner o the Kirghiz SSR

## References
Uzbekistan

**Uzbekistan**, offeecially the **Republic o Uzbekistan** (Uzbek:*O‘zbekiston Respublikasi* or Ўзбекистон Республикаси) is ane o the sax independent Turkic states. It is a doubly landlocked kintra in Central Asie, Umwhilie pairt o the Soviet Union. It shares borders wi Kazakhstan tae the wast an tae the north, Kyrgyzstan an Tajikistan tae the east, an Afghanistan an Turkmenistan tae the sooth.

Ance pairt o the Persie Samanid an later Timurid empires, the region wis conquered in the early 16t century bi Uzbek nomads, who spoke an Eastren Turkic leid. Maist o Uzbekistan’s population the day belang tae the Uzbek ethnic group an speak the Uzbek leid, ane o the faimily o Turkic leids.

Uzbekistan wis incorporatit intae the Roushie Empire in the 19t century an in 1924 became a constituent republic o the Soviet Union, kent as the Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic (Uzbek SSR). It haes been an independent republic syne December 1991.

Uzbekistan's economy relies mainly on commodity production, includin cotton, gold, uranium, potassium, an natural gas. Despite the declared objective o transition tae a market economy, Uzbekistan continues tae maintain rigid economic controls, which aften repel foreign investors. The policy o gradual, strictly controlled transition haes nivertheless produced beneficial results in the form o economic recovery efter 1995. Uzbekistan's domestic policies on human richts an individual freedoms are aften criticised bi internaitional organisations. In Uzbekistan aboot 45% o the population live on less nor US$1.25 per day.

## Provinces an district
Uzbekistan is dividit intae twal provinces (*viloyatlar*, singular *[[viloyat]]*, compund noun *viloyati* e.g., Toshkent *viloyati*, Samarqand *viloyati*, etc.), ane autonomous republic (*respublika*, compund noun *respublikasi* e.g. Qaraqalpaqstan Avtonom *Respublikasi*, Karakalpakistan *Autonomous Republic*, etc.), an ane independent ceety (*[[shahar]]*. compund noun *shahri*, e.g., Toshkent *shahri*).

## References
San Marino (disambiguation)

**San Marino** is the Italian form o the name o Saunt Marinus. It refers an aa tae the follaein locations.

* San Marino, a European kintra completely surroondit bi Italy
* Ceety o San Marino, the caipital toun o the naition San Marino
* Autodromo Enzo e Dino Ferrari, the circuit that hosts the San Marino Grand Prix
* San Marino, Californie, a ceety in Los Angeles Coonty, Unitit States
* San Marino Calcio, Sanmarinnese fitbaa club that plays in the Italian Serie C2
Saparmurat Niyazov

**Saparmurat Atayevich Niyazov** (19 Februar 1940 − 21 December 2006), (Roushie: Сапармурат Атаевич Ниязов) (Turkmen: Saparmyrat Ataýewiç Nyýazow) wis a Turkmen politeecian who served as Preses (later Preses for Life) o Turkmenistan frae 2 November 1990 till his daith in 2006. He wis First Secretary o the Turkmen Communist Party frae 1985 till 1991 an continued tae lead Turkmenistan for 15 years efter unthirldom frae the Soviet Union in 1991. His name in Inglis is a romanization o the Roushie spellin *Сапармурат Атаевич Ниязов* o his Turkmen name.

Turkmen media referred tae him uisin the title "His Excellency Saparmurat Niyazov Türkmenbaşy, Preses o Turkmenistan an Chairman o the Cabinet o Meenisters". His sel-gien title **Türkmenbaşy**, or *Turkmenbashi* (pronoonced ), meanin *Leader o Turkmens*, referred tae his poseetion as the foonder an preses o the Association o Turkmens o the Warld.

Foreign media criticized him as ane o the warld's maist totalitarian an repressive dictators, hielichtin his reputation o imposin his personal eccentricities upon the kintra, which extendit tae renamin months efter members o his faimily, an recoining the Turkmen wird for breid bi the name o his mither.

## References
Tajikistan

**Tajikistan** ( or ;  ), offeecially the **Republic o Tajikistan** (, *Çumhurii Toçikiston*; , *Respublika Tadzhikistan*;  *Jomhuri-ye Tajikestan*), is a mountainous landlocked kintra in Central Asie. Afghanistan borders it tae the sooth, Uzbekistan tae the wast, Kyrgyzstan tae the north, an Fowkrepublic o Cheenae tae the east.  Tajikistan an aa lies adjacent tae Pakistan an the Gilgit-Baltistan region, separatit bi the nairae Wakhan Corridor.

Maist o Tajikistan's population belangs tae the Persian-speakin Tajik ethnic group, who share leid, cultur an history wi Afghanistan an Iran. Ance pairt o the Samanid Empire, Tajikistan became a constituent republic o the Soviet Union in the 20t century, kent as the Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic (Tajik SSR). Mountains civer ower 90% o this Central Asian republic.

Efter unthirldom, Tajikistan suffered frae a devastatin civil war which lastit frae 1992 tae 1997.  Syne the end o the war, newly establisht politeecal stability an foreign aid hae allawed the kintra's economy tae grow.  Tred in commodities sic as cotton an aluminium haes contributit greatly tae this steady improvement.

## Admeenistrative diveesions

Tajikistan consists o 4 admeenistrative diveesions. Thir are the provinces (viloyat) o Sughd an Khatlon, the autonomous province o Gorno-Badakhshan (abbreviated as GBAO), an the Region o Republican Subordination (RRP – Raiony Respublikanskogo Podchineniya in transliteration frae Roushie or NTJ – Ноҳияҳои тобеи ҷумҳурӣ in Tajik; umwhile kent as Karotegin Province). Each region is dividit intae several destricts (, *nohiya* or *raion*), which in turn are subdividit intae *jamoats* (veelage-level sel-govrenin units) an then veelages (*qyshloqs*). As o 2006, thare wur 58 destricts an 367 jamoats in Tajikistan.

Source: Population an aurie frae State Statistical Committee o Tajikistan.

## References
Khujand

**Khujand** (Tajik: ****,خجند) (Greek: Alexandria Eschate (Ἀλεξάνδρεια Ἐσχάτη)), an aa transliteratit as *Khudzhand*, Roushie:Худжанд, umwhilie **Khodjend** or **Khodzhent** till 1936 an **Leninabad** (Leninobod, Ленинобод, لنین‌آباد) till 1991, is the seicont-lairgest ceety o Tajikistan. It is situatit on the Syr Darya River at the mouth o the Fergana Valley. The population o the ceety is 149,000 (2000 census), doun frae 160,000 in 1989. It is an aa the caipital of the northrenmaist province o Tajikistan, nou cawed Sughd.

## History
Classical authors state Alexander o Macedon foondit a Greek settlement near the site o today's Khujand in 329 BC cawed the ceety o Alexandria Eschate (Ἀλεξάνδρεια Ἐσχάτη) or "Alexandria The Furthest" - modern Khujand. It woud hae formed a bastion for the Greek settlers against the Scythian tribes tae the north o the Syr Darya, which the Greeks cawed the Jaxartes River. It became a major stagin point on the northren Silk Road.

During muckle o its history Khujand like the rest o Central Asie wis ance a pairt o old Iran an its history is a pairt o the history o auld Iran. Some o the famous Persian poets an scientists come frae this ceety.

Khujand wis captured bi the Arabs in the 8t century an strangly resistit the Mongol hordes five centuries later. Timurids ruled the area includin the whole Tajikistan afore it became pairt o the Kokand Khanate. In 1866, Central Asie wis occupied bi Roushie, pushin back the borders o Kokand Khanate.

The ceety wis renamed Leninabad on October 27, 1939, an re-established on December 23, 1970. It revertit tae its original name in 1992 efter the breakup o the Soviet Union, an is nou in the republic o Tajikistan.

## References

* Hill, John E. 2004. *The Peoples of the West from the Weilue* 魏略 *by Yu Huan* 魚豢*: A Third Century Chinese Account Composed between 239 and 265.* Draft annotated English translation. http://depts.washington.edu/silkroad/texts/weilue/weilue.html (See under the heading for "Northern Wuyi").

## External links
* http://khujand.tj/  - Offeecial website o Khujand ceety Government (in Roushie)
* http://www.angelfire.com/pe/rudaki/khujand.html (In Roushie)
* http://www.virtualtourist.com/travel/Asia/Tajikistan/Viloyati_Leninobod/Khujand-1431593/TravelGuide-Khujand.html  (Khujand travel guide)
* http://www.greatestcities.com/Asia/Tajikistan/Khujand_formerly_Leninabad_city.html
* OpenStreetMap
* MSN Map - elevation =325m
Kulob

**Kulob** (, Kûlob/Kūloв), an aa **Kulab** or **Kulyab** (), is a ceety in Kulob district, Khatlon Province, Tajikistan. Locatit 203&nbsp;km sooth-east o the caipital Dushanbe on the Yakhsu River (a right tributary o Panj), it is ane o the lairgest ceeties in the kinntra (pop. 100,000 in 2006).

## History

Pairt o the Khanate o Bukhara syne the 16t century (the Emirate o Bukhara syne the 18t century), the ceety changed its name frae Khatlon tae Kulob in 1750. In 1921, efter the faw o the Bukhara Emirate, Soviet rule wis established in Kulob an the ceety became an industrial center during the Soviet era.

In September 2006 Kulob celebratit its 2700t anniversary. Shabnam Soraya sang a tribute tae the ceety at the celebrations.
Kay-Khotloni last keeng o the Khotlon wis on military servis o Amir Timyr during Afghanistan
companies.

## Notable fowk
Kulob is the birthplace o the current Preses o Tajikistan Emomali Rahmon, Canadian media entrepreneur Moses Znaimer, an popular Tajik singers Manija Davlatova an Shabnam Soraya.

## Sister ceeties
*  Hamedan, Iran

The main tie atween Hamedan an Kulob is bacause of MirSayyidAliHamadani a famous sufi scholar an poet, who wis born in Hamedan an is buried in Kulob.

## Notes

## References
* Habib Borjian, "Kulab," in Encyclopaedia Iranica (available at http://www.iranica.com ).
Taleex

**Taleex** or **Taleh** (, ) is a toun in northeastren Somalia. It haes a population o 32,100 inhabitants, an is the administrative centre in the Taleex district o the Sool region Puntland Government 

Taleex wis the centre o the anti-colonial sultanate led bi Diiriye Guure an Mohammed Abdullah Hassan till 1921, when he an his Dervish followers wur defeatit. The toun wis subsequently subjectit tae aerial bombardment, an Hassan wis forced tae abandon his palace there an retreat intae the Ogaden.

## See an aa
*Mohammed Abdullah Hassan
*Dervish State

## Notes
Banner o Tajikistan

**[[Tajikistan]]** wis the last o the umwhile Soviet republics tae reveal a new **banner** (, *Parcami Toçikiston*), which wis adoptit in November 1992. The ane common link atween this an the 1953 SSR banner is the choice o colors - red, white an green. The umwhile Tajik SSR, whiles referred tae as the "Tadzhik SSR" (), addit white an green stripes tae the banner o the USSR. The stripin an aa emphasizes Tajikistan's Persian cultur, as Iran's banner haes the same stripes (awtho reid an green are reverst).

The croun represents the Tajik fowk, the name itself arguably is derived frae *tajvar*, which means "crouned". In traditional Tajik cultural aspects the magic wird "seiven" is a seembol o perfection, the embodiment o happiness an the provider o virtue. Accordin tae Tajik legend, Islamic heaven is componed o seiven bonnie orchids, separatit bi seiven mountains each wi a glaein star on tap. The middle white stripe is ane-an-a-half times the size o the reid an green stripes. The reid represents the unity o the naition an the seembol o the sun an victory; the white represents purity, cotton, the snaw on the mountains an the unity o the fowk; an green stands for the spiritual meanin o Islam an represents the generosity o naitur o the kintra. The seembol charged in the middle o the white stripe is a croun surmountit bi an arc o seiven stars.
Turkmenistan

**Turkmenistan** (Turkmen:**Türkmenistan**), cried **Turkmenia** (Roushie:Туркмения) an aa, is ane o the Turkic states in Central Asie. Till 1991, it wis a constituent republic o the Soviet Union, the Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic (Turkmen SSR). Turkmenistan is ane o the sax independent Turkic states. It is bordered bi Afghanistan tae the sootheast, Iran tae the sooth an soothwast, Uzbekistan tae the east an northeast, Kazakhstan tae the north an northwast an the Caspian Sea tae the wast.

## Admeenistrative diveesions

Turkmenistan is dividit intae five provinces or *welayatlar* (singular *[[welayat]]*) an ane caipital ceety destrict. The provinces are subdividit intae destricts (*etraplar*, sing. *etrap*), which mey be aither coonties or ceeties. Accordin tae the Constitution o Turkmenistan (Airticle 16 in the 2008 Constitution, Airticle 47 in the 1992 Constitution), some ceeties mey hae the status o *welaýat* (province) or *etrap* (destrict).

## References
Spirit the Earth Aflame

***Spirit the Earth Aflame*** is the third album o the Erse black metal baund Primordial.  It wis originally released in 2000.

## Trackleet
# Spirit the Earth Aflame (2:25) 
# Gods to the Godless (7:49) 
# The Soul Must Sleep (6:39) 
# The Burning Season (8:44) 
# Glorious Dawn» (7:24) 
# The Cruel Sea (4:05)  
# Children of the Harvest (8:31) 
# To Enter Pagan» (5:43) **
# The Calling (4:57) **
# Among the Lazarae (7:54) ** 
# And the Sun Set on Life Forever (9:19) **

## Credits
*Alan Averill - Vocals 
*Ciáran MacUiliam - Guitar 
*Feargal Flannery - Guitar
*Pól "Paul" MacAmlaigh - Bass
*Derek "D." MacAmlaigh - Drums
Banner o Turkmenistan

The **banner o [[Turkmenistan]]** () wis adoptit on Januar 24, 2001.

It features a green field wi a vertical reid stripe near the hoist side, containin five cairpet guls (designs uised in producin rugs) stackt abuin twa crossed olive branches seemilar tae those on the banner o the Unitit Naitions; a white waxin crescent moon, teepical o Turkic seembology, an five white five-pointit stars appear in the upper corner o the field juist tae the flee side o the reid stripe.

The green an reid colors appear in this banner acause thay hae been veneratit historically bi the Turkmen. The waxin crescent moon symbolizes the hope o the kintra for a shinin future an the stars represent the five provinces (*[[Provinces o Turkmenistan|welayatlar]]*) o Turkmenistan &ndash; Ahal, Balkan, Dashhowuz, Lebap, an Mary.

The five traditional cairpet designs alang the hoist represent the five major tribes or hooses, an form motifs in the kintra's state emblem an banner. These Turkmen tribes in traditional order (as well as tap tae bottom) are Teke (Tekke), Yomut (Yomud), Arsary (Ersary), Chowdur (Choudur), an Saryk (Saryq). The Salyr (Salor), a tribe that declined as a result o military defeat afore the modren period, are no representit, nor are several smawer tribes or subtribes.

The wreath is ane o the odder pairts o the banner, addit against the rules o heraldry an breakin up the cairpet pattern. It wis addit as an efterthought tae represent the "status o permanent neutrality," which wis acceptit bi the United Naitions General Assembly on December 12, 1995.

Afore independence frae the Soviet Union in 1991, Turkmenistan haed a banner seemilar tae aw ither Soviet Republics; see Banner o the Turkmen SSR. Efter independence in 1991, Turkmenistan adoptit a flag vera seemilar tae the current design, on Februar 19, 1992. Houever, the designs on the left wur different. In 1997, the designs changed again afore becomin the current versions in 2001.


File:Flag of Russia.svg|The banner o the Roushie Empire wis the offeecial banner o Turkmenistan till the Roushie revolution.
File:Flag of the Turkmen SSR.svg|The Banner o the Turkmen SSR wis uised frae independence in 1991 till the new banner wis adoptit in 1992.
File:Flag of Turkmenistan (1992–1997).svg|Banner uised frae 1992 tae 1997
File:Flag of Turkmenistan (1997-2001).svg|Banner uised frae 1997 tae 2001

## See an aa
*Coat o airms o Turkmenistan
*Banner o the Turkmen SSR

## References

*Turkmenistan Pages by Ekahau 
*Photos of yurts and fabrics at TurkoTek.com (rug enthusiasts' wabsteid)
Melechesh

**Melechesh** is a black metal baund that oreeginatit in Jerusalem. Ashmedi stairtit the baund as a solo project in 1993. In the follaein year, guitarist Moloch an drummer Lord Curse wur addit tae the line-up. The baund’s goal wis tae create a type o black metal incorporatin extensive Middle Eastren influences mainly based on Mesopotamie/Sumerian an occult themes (baith muisically an leerically); the baund inventit the title "Mesopotamie metal" tae best describe their type o metal.

## Name
The name Melechesh consists o twa Ebreu wirds, (melech, keeng) an (esh, fire), a combination which haes been oreeginatit bi the baund. The *ch* is pronoonced like the Scots *ch* as in the wird *LOCH* or Dutch *G*(Kh). Anither acceptit an common pronunciation is *MeleKesh*.

## Location o the baund
The baund stairtit their career in Jerusalem an operatit frae there atween 1993–1998; housomeivver, they hae residit mainly in Amsterdam syne 1998 for several personal, profeesional an demographic raisons.

## Baund members
### Current members
*Ashmedi – lead vocals, lead & rhythm 6 & 12 string electric guitars, elec.Guitar/Sitar , Sitar (1993&ndash;present)
*Moloch – lead & rhythm 6 & 12 string electric guitars, buzuq (1994&ndash;present)
*Xul – drums, percussion (2005&ndash;present)
*Rahm – bass (2009&ndash;present)

### Umwhile members
* Thamuz - bass (1994&ndash;1995)
* Uusur - bass (1996)
* Al' Hazred – bass, vocals (1996&ndash;2008)
* Lord Curse – drums, percussion (1994&ndash;1999)
* Proscriptor – drums, percussion, vocals (1999&ndash;2005)
* Cimeries - keyboard (1996)
 
### Session live muisickers
* Kawn – bass, backin vocals (2007&ndash;2008)
* Malak Al'Maut – Guitars (Fillin in for Moloch) (2008&ndash;2009)

## Discography
* *[[As Jerusalem Burns...]]* (Demo, 1995)
* *[[The Siege of Lachish]]* (EP, 1995)
* *[[As Jerusalem Burns...Al´Intisar]]* (1996)
* *[[Djinn (album)|Djinn]]* (2001)
* *[[Sphynx (album)|Sphynx]]* (2003, 2004 in North Americae)
* *[[The Ziggurat Scrolls]]* (EP, 2004)
* *[[Emissaries (album)|Emissaries]]* (2006, 2007 in North Americae)
* *[[The Epigenesis]]* (2010)
* *[[Enki]]* (2015)

## References

## Freemit airtins
* Offeecial website o Melechesh
*
Storm Before Calm

***Storm Before Calm*** is the fowert album o the Erse black metal baund Primordial. It wis originally released in 2002.

## Trackleet
# The Heretics Age (6:17)
# Fallen to Ruin (9:29) 
# Cast to the Pyre (7:06)
# What Sleeps Within (4:57)
# Suns First Rays (3:12)  
# Sons of the Morrigan (8:09) 
# Hosting of the Sidhe (7:06) 
# The Burning Season (8:45) * 

## Credits
*Alan Averill - Vocals 
*Ciáran MacUiliam - Guitar 
*Feargal Flannery - Guitar
*Pól "Paul" MacAmlaigh - Bass
*Derek "D." MacAmlaigh - Drums
Primordial

**Primordial** mey refer tae: 
* Primordial sea (a.k.a. primordial ocean, ooze or soup) - technically kent as abiogenesis
* Primordial nuclide, nuclides, a few radioactive, that formed afore the Yird existit an are stable enough tae still occur on Yird
* Primordial elements, elements formed afore the Yird came intae existence
* Primordialism
* Primordial dwarfism 
* Primordials (Exalted) are chairacters frae the role-playin gemme Exalted bi White Wolf, Inc.
* Greek primordial gods
* Primordial (baund), Erse black metal baund
Ferrari 166 Inter

The **Ferrari 166 Inter** wis Ferrari's first true grand tourer.  An evolution o the 125 S an 166 S racin caurs, it wis a sports caur for the street wi coachbuilt bodies.  The Inter name commemoratit the victories claimed in 166 S models bi Scuderia Inter.  37,166 Inters wur biggit frae 1948 throu 1950.  Note that baith the 166 S an 166 F2 wur cried "166 Inter" an aw in the days that thay war actively raced bi the Scuderia o the same name.

The 166 Inter shared its Aurelio Lampredi-designed tube frame an double wishbone/live axle suspension an 2420&nbsp;mm wheelbase wi the 125 S an 166 S.  It wis replaced bi the 2.3&nbsp;L 195 Inter an 2.6&nbsp;L 212 Inter in 1950 an 1951.

The first Ferrari GT caur debuted at the Paris Motor Show on October 6, 1949.  It wis an elegant coupe designed bi Carrozzeria Touring o Milan who haed previously creatit a nummer o seemilar Ferrari an Alfa Romeo models.  Customer sales suin startit, wi 166 Inter models becomin the first Ferraris tae be purchased for the road rather than the race track.  As wis teepical at the time, a bare chassis wis delivered tae the coachbuilder o the customer's choice.  Mony uised Touring, but Ghia's ane-off Boano coupe wis mair darin.  Ithers wur biggit bi Stabilimenti Farina, who penned a Cisitalia 202-lik coupe.  Vignale jynt in an aw, presagin thair designs o the comin decade, an twa cabriolets creatit bi Pinin Farina an Bertone foreshadowed those companies' later involvement wi Ferrari.

The 1.5&nbsp;L Gioacchino Colombo-designed V12 ingine frae the 166 S remained, as did its chassis, tho the wheelbase wad eventually grow frae 2420&nbsp;mm (95&nbsp;in) tae 2500&nbsp;mm (98&nbsp;in).  Ootput wis 110 tae 140&nbsp;hp (82 tae 104&nbsp;kW) at 6,000&nbsp;rpm wi ane tae three carburettors.

## References
* 
*
Ashgabat

**Ashgabat** (, , , an aa **Ashkhabad** in transliteration frae Roushie (literally, Persian meanin: "Ceety o Love") or umwhilie **Poltoratsk** atween 1919–1927) is the caipital an lairgest ceety o Turkmenistan, a kintra in Central Asie. It haes a population o 695,300 (2001 census estimate), 2009 estimates aroond 1 million fowk in Ashgabat, an is situatit atween the Kara Kum desert an the Kopet Dag mountain range. Ashgabat haes a primarily Turkmen population, wi ethnic minorities o Roushies, Armenians, an Azeris. It is 250&nbsp;km frae the seicont lairgest ceety in Iran, Mashhad.

## Sister ceeties
*  Athens, Greece
*  Albuquerque, Unitit States
*  Ankara, Turkey
VAZ-1111

**VAZ-1111 Oka** is a ceety caur designed in the Soviet Union in 1988 bi AvtoVAZ featurin a 750 cc SOHC 2-cylinder ingine. The caur wis developed bi AutoVAZ, but it haes niver entered volume production there. Aw production wis sourced tae SeAZ factory in Serpukhov an ZMA in Naberezhnye Chelny (umwhilie awned bi Kamaz an nou owned bi SeverstalAvto). There wur plans tae stairt production at the new plant in Yelabuga which niver materialised. The caur is an aa produced in Azerbaijan bi the Gyandzha Auto Plant).

The name comes frae the Oka River in Roushie upon which Serpukhov is situatit.

## Gallery

 File:Oka sport.JPG        |Oka Sport (11116) 
 File:SeAZ-11116-50.jpg    |Oka cargo (11116-50) 
 File:Лада Ока Электро.jpg |Oka electro
Talbot Tagora

The **Talbot Tagora** is an executive caur developed bi Chrysler Europe an produced bi Peugeot Société Anonyme (PSA). The Tagora wis marketed under the Talbot marque after PSA took over Chrysler's European operations in 1979. PSA presented the first production vehicle in 1980 an launched it commercially in 1981. The Tagora fell short o sales expectations, an PSA cancelled the model ae twa years later. Fewer than 20,000 Tagora models wur iver built, aw o them at the umwhile Simca factory in Poissy, near Paris, Fraunce.
Talbot 105

The **Talbot 105** wis a hie pouered sports caur developed bi Talbot designer Georges Roesch.   It wis famously fast, described bi ane authority as the fastest fower-seater iver tae race at Brooklands.

The caur made its first appearance at the Lunnon Motor Show in 1926.   At this stage it wis formally named accordin tae its fiscal an actual horsepouer as the Talbot 14-45.   The sax cylinder ingine displaced a volume o 1,665 cc an wis the basis for aw Talbot ingines till the Rootes takeover in 1935.

The ingine was repeatedly bored oot further, givin rise tae a succession o performance improvements.   Throughout these developments, the exterior dimensions o the original 14-45 ingine block remained unchanged, housomeivver.

The 1930 Lunnon Motor Show saw the debut o the 20-70 model, bore an stroke baith being increased tae give an ingine capacity increased tae 2,276 cc.   In this form the caur wis later cawed simply the Talbot 70 or 75.   Hichter compression ratios an pouer increases followed.

An increase in the ingine capacity, still athoot ony change tae the exterior dimensions o the ingine block, yieldit a cylinder displacement o 2,969 cc for the iconic Talbot 105 model.   In 1931 fower 105s wur tuned to=ae provide a reportit 119&nbsp;bhp, at 4,800 rpm.   In "Brooklands trim" further tunin an in increased compression ratio o 10:1 gave rise tae a claimed 125&nbsp;bhp.

The Talbot acquired its fame on the racin circuits, featurin prominently at Brooklands on the sooth-wastren fringes o Lunnon.  In 1932 Talbot pulled oot o racin, but a major Talbot dealer named Warwick Wright successfully ran a team o three 105s that year, an ither teams operatit bi dealers an enthusiasts continued tae race the caurs at least till 1938.

## References
BYD Flyer

The **BYD Flyer** is a ceety caur produced bi BYD Auto, a Cheenese automobile manufacturer in Shenzhen.

*BYD Flyer I - Production started in 2003.
*BYD Flyer II - is selt in Roushie an Ukraine.

Ingines:

* HH368QA1 - 796 cc - 29.5&nbsp;kW (40&nbsp;hp) - 4L/100&nbsp;km
* LJ465Q-1ANE1 - 1100 cc - 38.5&nbsp;kW (52&nbsp;hp) - 5L/100&nbsp;km
* HH465Q-2E - 1100 cc - 38.5&nbsp;kW (52&nbsp;hp) - 5L/100&nbsp;km

The BYD Flyer is still in production in Xi'an, central Cheenae. Whilst the mair modern luikin BYD F0 is available, the Flyer still sells in vera sma quantities, during the first half o 2010, 4 BYD Flyers wur selt in Cheenae.

## References
Studebaker Lark

The **Lark** wis a pioneerin "compact caur" designed an biggit bi Studebaker an introduced as a 1959 model.

Frae its introduction in 1959 till 1962, the Lark wis a product o the Studebaker-Packard Corporation. In mid-1962, the company dropped "Packard" frae its name an revert tae its pre-1954 name, the Studebaker Corporation. In addition tae bein biggit in Studebaker's South Bend, Indiana, hame plant, the Lark an its descendants wis biggit in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada forby, frae 1959-1966 bi Studebaker o Canada Limited. The caurs wis export tae a number o kintras aroond the warld as completit units an completely knocked doun (CKD) kits.

Lark-based variants represented the bulk o the range o models produced bi Studebaker efter 1958 an sellt in far greater volumes than the Hawk faimily sports caur an the later Avanti. The company, that celebratit its 100t anniversary in 1952, ceased auto production in 1966.

## End o production models
The last South Bend caur an the last Canadian caur is on display at the Studebaker Naitional Museum in Sooth Bend, Indiana. The final U.S. biggit Lark-type wis retained bi the company insteid o bein delivered tae the Pennsylvania dealer that haed ordered it. The caur haes approximately 30&nbsp;mi (48&nbsp;km) on its odometer. The final Canadian caur, a 1966 Cruiser, wis driven several thoosan miles bi a company executive (records indicate that it wis biggit for delivery tae the company's Parts and Service Division in Sooth Bend). It wis hinderly retired tae the company's collection an haes been restored in recent years tae as-new condition.
Jensen S-V8

The **Jensen S-V8** is the maist recent in a series o Jensen caurs.

Efter a £9 million investment the caur wis launched at the 1998 Breetish Internaitional Motor Show, wi an initial production run o 300 deposit paid vehicles planned at a sellin price o £40,000 each, troubles wi manufacture production ceased wi ae 20 iver leavin the factory an anither 18 caurs left partially completed.

The Jensen name an partially completed caurs wur later sold tae an ingineerin firm, who decidit tae complete the build o 12 o the caurs, retainin the ithers for spares, an finally sellin them for £38,500.

## External links
*The tragic tale of the Jensen S-V8
Jensen GT

Jensen Motors introduced the **Jensen GT**, a shootin-brake version o the Jensen-Healey, in 1975. The new configuration wis a 2+2 design wi a vera leemitit back seat. Aside frae the body shape an seatin, relatively little differed frae the roadster. Acceleration an tap speed wur slichtly reduced due tae the increased wecht an additional smog control components on the ingine.

During its short run (Sept 1975 &ndash; Mey 1976), 509 Jensen GTs wur biggit afore Jensen Motors went intae receivership.

## References
* 

*
Jensen Interceptor

The **Jensen Interceptor** wis a sportin GT-cless caur haund-biggit in the Unitit Kinrick bi Jensen Motors atween 1966 an 1976.  The Interceptor name haed been uised previously bi Jensen for an earlier caur made atween 1950 an 1957. The caur broke wi Jensen tradeetion bi haein a steel bodyshell instead o glass-reinforced plastic an bi haein the body designed bi an ootside firm, Carrozzeria Touring o Italy, rather than the in-hoose staff.  The early bodies wur Italian-biggit, bi Vignale, afore production bi Jensen themselves began &ndash; wi subtle body modifications &ndash; in West Bromwich.

## Model history an specifications
The ingine wis a Chrysler V8  initially o 6276 cc (383 c.i.) wi optional manual (Mark I, anly 22 biggit) or TorqueFlite automatic transmissions drivin the rear wheels throu a leemitit slip differential in a conventional Salisbury rear axle. The ingine grew tae 7212 cc (440 c.i.) in late 1971 wi 4-bbl carburation. The SP (Sax-Pack) model o 1971–73 affered 3x2-bbl carburation; ae 232 wur biggit an haed the distinction o bein the maist pouerful caur iver tae hae been made bi Jensen (390&nbsp;hp (290&nbsp;kW)).

The Interceptor tuik its stylin cues frae the Brasinca Uirapuru wi a distinctive lairge, curvin wrap-aroond rear windae that doubled as a tailgate. The oreeginal specification includit electric windaes, reclinin front seats, a wid rimmed steerin wheel, radio wi twin speakers, reversin lichts an an electric clock. Pouer steerin wis includit as standard frae September 1968.

The Mark II wis annoonced in October 1969, revised frontal stylin an ventit disc brakes. The Mark III o 1971 haed revised seats, fully-cast alloy wheels plus some ither improvements. The Mark III wis dividit tae G-, H- an J-series, dependin on the production years. The "J" version o Interceptor III wis the maist luxurious Jensen biggit.

The Interceptor wis briefly re-introduced in the 1980s as the Series 4 (S4), as a law-volume 'specialist' motor caur in muckle the same wey Bristol continue tae mercat an manufacture thair caurs. Tho the body remained essentially the same, a newer, sae cawed 'cleaner', ingine wis uised an the interior slichtly re-designed wi the addition o 'sports' front seats as opposed tae the airmchair style o the earlier models.

It wisna tae be, houiver. The then awner sauld up in 1988 tae an ingineerin company believed tae be in a stranger poseetion tae manufacture the caur which lastit till 1993, an thay did commence development wirk on a series 5 (S5) Interceptor till ance again receivers wur cawed in.
Jensen Motors

**Jensen Motors, Ltd** wis a Breetish manufacturer o sports caurs an commercial vehicles, based in the Lyng - Wast Bromwich (in the Wast Midlands wast o Birmingham).

## Vehicles
* Jensen S-type (1936&ndash;1941)
* Jensen H-type (1938&ndash;1945)
* Jensen PW (1946&ndash;1952)
* Jensen Interceptor (1950&ndash;1957)
* Jensen 541 (1954&ndash;1959) 
* Jensen 541R (1957&ndash;1960)
* Jensen 541S (1960–1963)
* Jensen CV8 (1962–1966)
* Jensen P66 (1965 prototype only)
* Jensen Interceptor (1966&ndash;1976)
* Jensen FF (1966&ndash;1971)
* Jensen-Healey (1972&ndash;1975)
* Jensen GT (1975&ndash;1976)
* Jensen S-V8 (2001)
Coat o airms o North Korea

The **Naitional Emblem o the Democratic Fowkrepublic o Korea** bears the design o a hydroelectric power plant under Baekdu Mountain and bearing the beaming light of a five-pointed red star, with ears of rice forming an oval frame, bound with a red ribbon bearing the inscription "The Democratic People's Republic of Korea" in Hangul characters.

The emblem follows the basic design guidelines o the emblem o the Soviet Union adoptit in mony ither kintras, which clearly indicates the relations atween the communist ideology an the foondation o the kintra at the beginnin o the Cold War.

## Gallery

File:COA North Korean embassy 7728.JPG|Emblem at North Korean embassy in Prague, Czech Republic.
File:COA North Korea 2748.JPG|Emblem at the fence o North Korean embassy in Prague, Czech Republic.
File:North Korean Embassy Moscow.jpg|The emblem abuin the entrance tae the North Korean embassy in Moscow.


## See an aa
* Banner o North Korea
* Emblem o South Korea
Coat o airms o Korea

**Coat o airms o Korea** mey refer tae several different emblems ower different time periods an locales:
*Coat o airms o North Korea
*Coat o airms o the Republic o Korea
*Taeguk
Coat o airms o the Fowkrepublic o Cheenae

The **Naitional Emblem o the [[Fowkrepublic o Cheenae]]** () contains a representation o Tiananmen Gate, the entrance gate o the Forbidden Ceety frae the Tiananmen Square in Beijing, in a reid circle. Abuin this representation are the five stars foond on the naitional banner. The lairgest starn represents the Communist Pairty o Cheenae, while the fower smawer stars represent the fower social classes as defined in Maoism. The emblem is describit as bein "Composed o patterns o the naitional flag." Thir elements wur describit as


...The red color o the flag seembolizes revolution an the yellow color o the stars the golden brilliant rays radiatin frae the vast red land. The design o fower smawer stars surroondin a bigger ane signifies the unity o the Cheenese fowk unner the leadership o the Communist Pairty o Cheenae (CPC)
—China Yearbook 2004


The ooter circle haes a mairch that contains sheaves o wheat an the inner sheaves o rice reflectin the Maoist philosophy o an agricultural revolution. At the centre o the bottom portion o the mairch is a cog-wheel that represents the industrial workers.

Thir elements thegither wur designed tae seembolise the revolutionary struggles o the Cheenese fowk syne the Mey Fowert Movement, an the coalition o the proletariats which succeedit in foondin the Fowkrepublic o Cheenae.

## History

The emblem wis designed bi Liang Sicheng, a famous architect, in a competeetion held at the foondin o the Fowkrepublic o Cheenae wi obvious similarities tae the seembols uised bi the USSR. It wis determined as the Naitional Emblem on September 20, 1950 bi the Central Fowkgovernment.

## See an aa
*Banner o the Fowkrepublic o Cheenae
*Tiananmen

## References
BYD F3

The **BYD F3** is a compact caur (4 doors sedan, 5 passengers) produced in Cheenae bi BYD Auto. The F3 is ane o the tap sellin compact caurs in Cheenae, lookin vera seemilar in front appearance tae the 9t generation Toyota Corolla an back appearance tae the Honda Fit Aria.  As o Januar 2010, the BYD F3 retails for approximately 60,000 RMB (US $9,300)  an the "oot the door" price in Cheenae is approximately 20% mair, for a tot on-road cost o RMB 70,000 (taxes, licensin, insurance). Throu aw o 2009, the BYD F3 held the honors as tap sellin compact vehicle on the Cheenae mainland.

## Specification
The BYD F3 features a 4 cylinder, 1.5 liter, Mitsubishi Orion ingine (4G15S) wi distributor-less Bosch ignition an fuel injection.  The vehicle boasts Euro 4 emissions standards. Ingine ootput is 75KW. Fuel efficiency is ratit at approx 7L/100KM.  The transmission is a 5 speed manual transmission - seemilar tae that uised in the Mitsubishi Colt, Galant an Mirage vehicles.  Three pynt safety belts, pouer steerin, alloy wheels fittit wi 195/60 R15 tires, 4 wheel ABS disk brake seestem as standard, LED tail lichts, an halogen heidlichts.

## Equipment
The BYD F3 awner can choose frae 3 trim packages (GL-i,  GL-X, an GL- Xi). Aw models come wi standard equipment:  AC, AM/FM/CD/MP3 stereo, electric windaes an mirrors. Optional equipment includes upgradit leather seats, 3rd brake-licht, driver an passenger air bags, auxiliary front fog lichts an upgradit audio / IVI (in vehicle infotainment). Colour schemes are white, black, champagne, red, wi black bein maist common.

## Derivatives

Derivatives o the BYD F3 include the BYD F3DM (aw electric rechargeable vehicle) an BYD F3R (hatchback version). In 2009, BYD introduced the G3 as an updatit/upgradit compact cless vehicle - housomeivver, the F3 will continue tae be sold.

## Maintenance
Mony o the BYD F3 body pairts are interchangeable wi the Toyota Corolla E120 platform.
Triumph GT6

The **GT6** wis a 6-cylinder sports coupé biggit bi Standard-Triumph an based on thair popular Triumph Spitfire convertible. Production ran frae 1966 tae 1973.
Rover Company

The **Rover Company** wis a Breetish caur manufacturin company foondit as Starley & Sutton Co. o Coventry  in 1878. Efter developin the template for the modren bicycle wi its Rover Safety Bicycle o 1885, the company moved intae the automotive industry. It stairtit buildin motorcycles an **Rover caurs**, uisin thair established marque wi the iconic Viking Longship, frae 1904 onwards. Land Rover vehicles wur addit frae 1947 onwards, wi aw production based in Solihull efter movin tae thir premises efter Warld War II.
The Gathering Wilderness

***The Gathering Wilderness*** is the fift studio album bi Primordial, released in 2005. It wis their debut for the Metal Blade label. The digipak comes wi a bonus DVD featurin a documentary detailin the makin o the album.

## Trackleet
# The Golden Spiral (8:03) 
# The Gathering Wilderness (9:13) 
# The Song of the Tomb (7:57) 
# End of All Times (Martyrs Fire) (7:43) 
# The Coffin Ships (9:58) 
# Tragedy's Birth (8:32)
# Cities Carved in Stone (8:07)

## Credits
* A.A. Nemtheanga – Vocals
* Ciáran MacUiliam – Guitars
* Michael O'Floinn – Guitars
* Pól MacAmlaigh – Bass
* Simon O'Laoghaire – Drums
To the Nameless Dead

***To the Nameless Dead*** is the saxt studio album bi the Erse black metal baund Primordial, released in 2007. It is an aa available in a limited edition as a digibook, featurin a different cover design, a 40 page booklet, an a bonus DVD. The album wis recordit at Foel Studio, Wales. Notable aboot the recordin o this album is that it wis recordit uisin aw analog equipment an uising maistly first or seicont takes for the final recordin, makin for a more raw an spontaneous soond. 

To The Nameless Dead received virtually universal an owerwhelmin praise, risin tae such accolades as being named 2008's Metal Album o the Year bi Chronicles of Chaos (continuin an unprecedentit back tae back honoring for Primordial bi the webzine). 

## Trackleet
# Empire Falls (8:02)
# Gallow's Hymn (5:55) 
# As Rome Burns (9:15) 
# Failures Burden (6:37) 
# Heathen Tribes (8:18) 
# The Rising Tide (1:33)  
# Traitor's Gate (6:49) 
# No Nation On This Earth (8:13) 

*Bonus DVD tracks (recordit at the 2006 Rock Hard Festival):

#  "The Golden Spiral"
#  "The Gathering Wilderness"
#  "Sons Of The Morrigan"
#  "The Coffin Ships"
#  "Song Of The Tomb"
#  "Gods To The Godless"

## Credits
* A.A. Nemtheanga – Vocals, masterin, mixin
* Ciáran MacUiliam – Guitars
* Michael O'Floinn – Guitars
* Pól MacAmlaigh – Bass
* Simon O'Laoghaire – Drums