12 October

The **12t o October** is the 285t day o the year (286t in lowp years) in the Gregorian Calendar, wi 80 days bidin.

## Events

*539 BC &ndash; The airmy o Cyrus the Great o Persie taks Babylon.
*633 &ndash; Battle o Hatfield Chase: King Edwin o Northumbrie is defeatit an killed bi the Breetish unner Penda o Mercie an Cadwallon o Gwynedd. 
*1216 &ndash; King John o Ingland loses his croun jewels in The Wash.
*1492 &ndash; Christopher Columbus's expedeetion maks landfaw in the Caribbean, specifically in The Bahamas. The splorer believes he haes reached the Indies.
*1654 &ndash; A splosion in Delft kills ower 100 fowk.
*1810 &ndash; The first Oktoberfest is held in Munich.
*1822 &ndash; Pedro I o Brazil is proclaimed the emperor o Brazil.
*1931 &ndash; The Christ the Redeemer statue in Rio de Janeiro is completit.
*1968 &ndash; Equatorial Guinea becomes independent frae Spain.
*1968 &ndash; The 1968 Simmer Olympics in Mexico Ceety begin.
*1979 &ndash; The lawest recordit non-tornadic atmospheric pressur, 87.0 kPa (870 mbar or 25.69 inHg), occurred in the Wastren Paceefic durin Typhoon Tip.
*1984 &ndash; The IRA bombs a hotel in Brighton, killin 5, in an attempt tae kill Margaret Thatcher.
*1986 &ndash; Elizabeth II an Prince Philip, Duke o Edinburgh veesit the Fowkrepublic o Cheenae.
*1992 &ndash; A magnitude 5.8 yirdquauk occurred in Cairo, Egyp. At least 510 fowk deed.
*1999 &ndash; Pervez Musharraf taks pouer in Pakistan.
*1999 &ndash; The warld population is offeecially said tae hae crossed the 6 billion mairk.
*2001 &ndash; Kofi Annan an the Unitit Naitions win the Nobel Peace Prize.
*2002 &ndash; Terrorist bombins on the Indonesie island o Bali kill 202 fowk.
*2003 &ndash; Germany wins the FIFA Weemen's Warld Cup, defeatin Swaden 2-1 bi a Gowden Goal in the feenal in Los Angeles.
*2007 &ndash; Al Gore an the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change win the Nobel Peace Prize.
*2009 &ndash; Elinor Ostrom becomes the first wumman tae win the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences, sharin it wi Oliver E. Williamson.
*2012 &ndash; The European Union wins the Nobel Peace Prize.
*2017 &ndash; Gordon Strachan is sacked as manager o the Scotland naitional fitbaw team.
*2019 &ndash; Typhoon Hagibis becomes the maist pouerfu storm tae hit Japan in ower 60 year.

## Births

*1350 &ndash; Dmitry Donskoy, Prince o Moscow (d. 1389)
*1537 &ndash; Edward VI o Ingland, King o Ingland an Ireland (d. 1553)
*1798 &ndash; Pedro I o Brazil, Emperor o Brazil an (as Pedro IV) King o Portugal (d. 1834)
*1811 &ndash; Alexander Bain, Scots inventor an ingineer (d. 1877)
*1865 &ndash; Arthur Harden, Inglis biochemist (d. 1940)
*1866 &ndash; Ramsay MacDonald, Scots jurnalist an politeecian, Prime Meenister o the Unitit Kinrick (d. 1937)
*1872 &ndash; Ralph Vaughan Williams, Inglis componer (d. 1958)
*1875 &ndash; Aleister Crowley, Inglis occultist (d. 1947)
*1887 &ndash; Paula von Preradović, Croatie-Austrick author an poet (d. 1951)
*1891 &ndash; Fumimaro Konoe, Prime meenister o Japan (d. 1945)
*1896 &ndash; Eugenio Montale, Italian writer (d. 1981)
*1899 &ndash; Duncan Walker, Scots fitbawer (d. 1963)
*1905 &ndash; Barney Battles Jr., Scots fitbawer (d. 1979)
*1926 &ndash; Allan Brown, Scots fitbawer (d. 2011)
*1929 &ndash; Magnus Magnusson, Icelandic-Scots telly presenter (d. 2007)
*1934 &ndash; Richard Meier, American airchitect an abstract airtist
*1935 &ndash; Luciano Pavarotti, Italian tenor (d. 2007)
*1956 &ndash; Allan Evans, Scots fitbawer
*1960 &ndash; Peter Grant, Scots politeecian
*1966 &ndash; Rhona Martin, Scots curler
*1968 &ndash; Hugh Jackman, Australian actor
*1985 &ndash; Greig Laidlaw, Scots rugby union player
*1992 &ndash; Josh Hutcherson, American actor
*1994 &ndash; Liam Polworth, Scots fitbawer
*1995 &ndash; Liam Lindsay, Scots fitbawer

## Daiths
* 633 &ndash; Edwin o Northumbrie
* 638 &ndash; Pape Honorius I
* 642 &ndash; Pape John IV
* 1576 &ndash; Maximilian II, Haly Roman Emperor (b. 1527)
* 1730 &ndash; Frederick IV o Denmark (b. 1671)
* 1845 &ndash; Elizabeth Fry, Inglis social activist (b. 1780)
* 1870 &ndash; Robert E. Lee, American Confederate general (b. 1807)
* 1915 &ndash; Edith Cavell, Inglis nourice (b. 1865)
* 1924 &ndash; Anatole France, French writer (b. 1844)
* 1933 &ndash; Joseph Lindsay, Scots fitbawer (b. 1858)
* 1985 – Johnny Olson, American television announcer (b. 1910)
* 1997 &ndash; John Denver, American sangster (b. 1943)
* 2011 &ndash; Dennis Ritchie, American computer scientist, creatit the C programmin leid (b. 1941)

## Halidays

* Naitional Day o Spain
* Christopher Columbus-relatit observances across Spain an the Americas.
* Independence Day (Equatorial Guinea)