20 August

The **20t o August** is the 232nt day o the year (233rd in lowp years) in the Gregorian Calendar, wi 133 days bidin.

## Events

* 1000 - Offeecial foondin date o Hungary bi Saunt Stephen.
* 1595 - Pukapuka becomes the first o the nou-kent Cook Islands, in the Sooth Paceefic Ocean, tae be reached bi a European.
* 1728 - Vitus Bering launds on Saunt Lawrence Island, nou-pairt o Alaska.
* 1866 - Preses o the Unitit States Andrew Johnson offeecially declares an end tae the American Ceevil War.
* 1868 - The Abergele train disaster in North Wales kills 33 fowk.
* 1882 - Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky's *[[1812]] Overture* debuts in Moscow.
* 1892 - Openin o Celtic Park in Glesga. It is hame tae the fitbaa team Celtic F.C..
* 1914 - Warld War I: German forces occupy Brussels.
* 1915 - Warld War I: Italy declares war o the Ottoman Empire.
* 1940 - Roushie revolutionary Leon Trotsky is attacked wi a ice-axe in Mexico; he dies the next day.
* 1945 - Japanese occupiers massacre 143 islanders on Banaba, Kiribati, Sooth Paceefic Ocean.
* 1960 - Senegal breaks frae the Mali Federation.
* 1968 - 200,000 Warsaw Pact troops an 5,000 tanks enter Czechoslovakie tae end the Prague Ware.
* 1975 - NASA launches the Viking 1 probe tae the planet Mars.
* 1977 - The Unitit States launches the *Voyager 2* spacecraft.
* 1988 - A yirdquauk in Indie an Nepal kills 1,450 fowk.
* 1989 - The "Marchioness" pleasur boat sinks on the River Thames in Lunnon, killin 51 fowk.
* 1991 - Estonie separates frae the Soviet Union.
* 1995 - The mucklest Hindu temple ootside Indie opens in Neasden, Lunnon.
* 2008 - A Spanair plane crashes at Madrid-Barajas Airport, killin 146 fowk.
* 2009 - Abdelbaset al-Megrahi, the anly man convictit o the 1988 Lockerbie bombin, is released on compassionate groonds.
* 2012 - Lang-time Ethiopie Prime meenister Meles Zenawi dees agit 57 while receivin medical care in Belgium.
* 2014 - Heavy landslides in the Hiroshima Prefectur kills at least 72 fowk.
* 2018 - Swadish climate chynge activist Greta Thunberg stairts strikin for the climate ootside the Swadish pairlament; it stairts a global muivement o schuil strikes for action on the climate.
* 2019 - Italian prime meenister Giuseppe Conte propales his demission ower his coaleetion pairtner, the League pairty leader, Matteo Salvini's attempts tae call an early election. Conte remains in post when an alternative coaleetion is foond.
* 2020 - Roushie opposeetion politeecian Alexei Navalny becomes seriously ill while on baird a flicht in Siberie; thair are suspeecions o poisonin.

## Births

* 1561 - Jacopo Peri, Italian componer (d. 1633)
* 1778 - Bernardo O'Higgins, Chilean revolutionary leader (d. 1842)
* 1779 - Jöns Jacob Berzelius, Swadish chemist (d. 1848)
* 1833 - Benjamin Harrison, 23nt Preses o the Unitit States (d. 1901)
* 1857 - Mary Rose Hill Burton, Scots airtist an conservationist (d. 1900)
* 1860 - Raymond Poincaré, French statesman (d. 1934)
* 1868 - Willie Groves, Scots fitbawer (d. 1908)
* 1890 - H. P. Lovecraft, American screiver (d. 1937)
* 1901 - Salvatore Quasimodo, Italian screiver (d. 1968)
* 1935 - Ron Paul, American politeecian
* 1940 - Ronnie McKinnon, Scots fitbawer
* 1941 - Slobodan Milosevic, Preses o Yugoslavie (d. 2006)
* 1943 - Sylvester McCoy, Scots actor
* 1944 - Rajiv Gandhi, Prime meenister o Indie (d. 1991)
* 1946 - Laurent Fabius, umwhile Prime meenister o Fraunce
* 1948 - Robert Plant, Inglis rock sangster (Led Zeppelin)
* 1951 - Greg Bear, American owthor
* 1960 - Annabelle Ewing, Scots politeecian
* 1966 - Enrico Letta, umwhile Prime meenister o Italy
* 1971 - David Walliams, Inglis actor, comedian an screiver
* 1974 - Amy Adams, American actress
* 1977 - Felipe Contepomi, Argentine rugby union player
* 1983 - Andrew Garfield, American-Breetish actor
* 1983 - Yuri Zhirkov, Roushie fitbawer
* 1989 - Judd Trump, Inglis snooker player
* 1990 - Leigh Griffiths, Scots fitbawer
* 1990 - Ranomi Kromowidjojo, Dutch soummer
* 1992 - Demi Lovato, American actress an sangster

## Daiths
* 984 - Pape John XIV
* 1823 - Pape Pius VII (b. 1740)
* 1914 - Pape Pius X (b. 1835)
* 1915 - Paul Ehrlich, German doctor (b. 1854)
* 1917 - Adolf von Baeyer, German chemist (b. 1835)
* 1961 - Percy Williams Bridgman, American pheesicist (b. 1882)
* 1963 - Jimmy Dunn, Scots fitbawer (b. 1900)
* 1976 - Frank Meechan, Scots fitbawer (b. 1929)
* 2001 - Fred Hoyle, Inglis astronomer an mathemateecian (b. 1915)
* 2008 - Hua Guofeng, Cheenese politeecian (b. 1921)
* 2012 - Phyllis Diller, American actress an comedienne (b. 1917)
* 2012 - Meles Zenawi, Prime meenister o Ethiopie (b. 1955)
* 2013 - Elmore Leonard, American novelist (b. 1925)
* 2013 - Fred Martin, Scots fitbawer (b. 1929)
* 2014 - B. K. S. Iyengar, Indian spiritual teacher (b. 1918)
* 2017 - Jerry Lewis, American actor an comedian (b. 1926)

## Halidays
* Naitional Day o Hungary