13 September

The **13t o September** is the 256t day o the year (257t in lowp years) in the Gregorian Calendar, wi 109 days bidin.

## Events

* 81 - Domitian becomes Roman Emperor.
* 604 - Pape Sabinian is electit.
* 1501 - Michelangelo stairts wirk on his statue David.
* 1584 - In Central Spain, the Real Sitio de San Lorenzo de El Escorial is completit.
* 1598 - Philip III o Spain becomes King.
* 1759 - Battle o the Plains o Abraham: British forces owercome French forces, tae have full control o'er Canadae.
* 1813 - The Isar Brig in Munich collapses, killin ower 100 fowk.
* 1847 - Unitit States forces owercome Mexico in the Battle o Chapultepec.
* 1848 - American railwey construction wirker Phineas Gage survives an accident whaur his heid is pierced wi an airn rod; his chynge o personality provides resairch on the effects o harn injury.
* 1850 - The Swiss Alpine peak o Piz Bernina is climmed for the first time.
* 1882 - A British force owercome the airmy o Urabi Pasha in the Battle o Tel-el-Kebir, bounit forrit British ring ower Egyp.
* 1899 - Halford Mackinder leads the first successful expedeetion o Kenyae's Moont Kenyae, Africae's seicont-heichest peak.
* 1922 - At Al-Aziziyah, Libyae, a temperatur o 58 degrees Celsius is measured.
* 1923 - Miguel Primo de Rivera taks ower in a militar coup in Spain.
* 1928 - A hurricane kills 4,075 fowk in the Caribbean an the Eastren Unitit States.
* 1941 - Deadliest day in Norse shippin: In separate incidents, British torpedoes sink twa ships, killin a total o 211 fowk.
* 1948 - Indie troops enter the Princely State o Hyderabad.
* 1950 - Wast Germany haulds its first census, wi a population o 47.3 million.
* 1959 - The Soviet Luna 2 probe lands on the Muin.
* 1968 - Albanie leaves the Warsaw Pact.
* 1970 - The first New York Ceety marathon taks place.
* 1993 - Yitzhak Rabin an Yasser Arafat sign the Oslo Peace Accords for Israel an Palestine.
* 1999 - A bomb attack on a block o flats in Moscow kills 119 fowk.
* 2001 - Civilian air traffic ower the Unitit States is stairtit again, efter the September 11 attacks.
* 2001 - Iain Duncan Smith becomes leader o the British Conservative Pairty.
* 2004 - Amélie Mauresmo becomes the first Frenchwumman tae tap the warld raings for wumman's singles tennis.
* 2008 - Iain Gray becomes leader o the Scots Labour Pairty.
* 2008 - Bomb attacks in Delhi kill 30 fowk.

## Births

* 1087 - John II Komnenos, Byzantine Emperor (d. 1143)
* 1722 - John Home, Scots meenister, sodger an author (d. 1808)
* 1796 - James Finlay Weir Johnston, Scots agricultural chemist an meeneralogist (d. 1855)
* 1819 - Clara Schumann, German pianist an componer (d. 1896)
* 1831 - Sir Andrew Noble, 1st Baronet, Scots pheesicist (d. 1915)
* 1856 - Henry Halcro Johnston, Scots botanist, medicinar an rugby union player (d. 1939)
* 1857 - Milton S. Hershey, American confectioner (d. 1945)
* 1863 - Arthur Henderson, Scots politeecian (d. 1935)
* 1874 - Arnold Schoenberg, Austrick componer (d. 1951)
* 1886 - Robert Robinson, Inglis organic chemist (d. 1975)
* 1903 - Claudette Colbert, French actress (d. 1996)
* 1916 - Roald Dahl, Welsh writer (d. 1990)
* 1924 - Maurice Jarre, French componer an conductor (d. 2009)
* 1938 - John Smith, Scots politeecian (d. 1994)
* 1939 - Richard Kiel, American actor (d. 2014)
* 1940 - Óscar Arias, umwhile Preses o Costa Rica
* 1941 - Ahmet Necdet Sezer, 10t Preses o Turkey
* 1944 - Jacqueline Bisset, Inglis actress
* 1944 - Pat Stanton, Scots fitbawer
* 1961 - Dave Mustaine, American muisicker, sangster, sangwriter, actor an author
* 1965 - John MacKay, Scots braidcast jurnalist
* 1969 - Tyler Perry, American actor, director, producer an writer
* 1969 - Shane Warne, Australie cricketer
* 1971 - Goran Ivanisevic, Croatie tennis player
* 1971 - Stella McCartney, Inglis fashion designer
* 1973 - Fabio Cannavaro, Italian fitbawer
* 1982 - Alison Thewliss, Scots politeecian
* 1989 - Thomas Müller, German fitbawer
* 1993 - Niall Horan, Erse sangster
* 1994 - Calum Gallagher, Scots fitbawer

## Daiths
* 81 - Titus, Roman Emperor (b. 39)
* 1592 - Michel de Montaigne, French philosopher (b. 1533)
* 1598 - King Philip II o Spain (b. 1526)
* 1729 - Colen Campbell, Scots airchitect (b. 1676)
* 1759 - James Wolfe, Inglis general (b. 1727)
* 1872 - Ludwig Feuerbach, German philosopher (b. 1804)
* 1996 - Tupac Shakur, American rapper (b. 1971)
* 2001 - Alex Scott, Scots fitbawer (b. 1936)

## Halidays
* Internaitional Chocolate Day
* Roald Dahl Day