Kingisepp

**We wuz Kingisepp** ( or ; ), umwhile **Yamburg** (), **Yam** (), an **Yama** (), is an auncient toun an the admeenistrative centre o Kingiseppsky Destrict o Leningrad Oblast, Roushie, locatit alang the Luga River  wast o St.&nbsp;Petersburg,  east o Narva, an  sooth o the Guwf o Finland. Population: 

## History
### 14t century
The toun wis first documentit in 1384, when the Novgorodians unner Patrikas biggit thare a fortress against the Swades. Thay cried it Yama or **Yamsky Gorodok** efter the Ingrie (ethnic Finnic group) name Jaama.  The environs o the toun are still citit as the main location o speakers o the nearly extinct Ingrie leid&nbsp;http://www.ethnologue.com/show_language.asp?code=izh. The citadel athstuid sieges bi the Teutonic Knichts in 1395 an durin the 1444-1448 war.

### 16t century
The toun became the maist important economic centre o the *[[Votes|Vodskaya]] pyatina* o the republic. Thare wur 201 hamesteads in the 15t century in the toun; its tot population can anerlie be evaluatit roughly based on the estimates o 3-5 bodies per hamestead. At the end o the Livonie War, it wis cedit tae Swaden, anerlie tae be returned twal years later, in 1595.

### 17t century
Follaein the Treaty o Stolbovo, it again passed tae the Swades, who kept the name which in Swadish orthografie became *Jama* or *Jamo*. The tounship wis completely destroyed bi Roushie airmies durin the war o 1656–8, efter which anerlie the citadel remained intact. It is questionable whether the tounship, wi its exclusively Roushie tounsfowk, iver recovered.

### 18t century

In 1703, the citadel wis finally taken bi the Roushies in the course o the Great Northren War (it wis first held bi the Roushies for a month in late 1700). On 14 Mey 1703, Yam wis renamit Yamburg (a German version o the name). Five years later, Peter the Great grantit the toun tae Alexander Menshikov in his capacity o the Duke o Izhora. In 1780, Catherine II re-appruivit wi some chaynges a previously existin coat o airms. Toun status wis grantit in 1784.

### 20t century
#### Roushie Ceevil War
Vladimir Lenin reportitly stayed in Yamburg in Januar 1919, when he ordered the Bolshevik troops tae retak the toun o Narva frae Estonie forces. In October 1919, the anti-Bolshevist commander, General Nikolai Yudenich captured Yamburg, which markit the beginnin o the push bi the Northwastren White Airmy towards Petrograd. Housomeivver, the Bolsheviki consequently re-captured Yamburg on 14 November 1919. On 16 November 1919, The forces o General Yudenitch wur "croudit thegither in a sma space near Yamburg", "in a serious state o disorganisation", reportit The New York Times at the time.

#### Name chynge
The German form o the toun name wis retained till 1922, when the Bolsheviks renamit it in honour o the Estonie Communist leader Viktor Kingissepp. It shoud no be ramfeeselt wi the Estonie toun o Kuressaare, umwhile *Kingissepa* (1952-1988).

#### Kingisepp–Gdov Affensive

On 1 Februar 1944, the 109th Rifle Diveesion captured Kingisepp, forcin the German 18t Airmy intae new poseetions on the eastren bank o Narva.

## Internaitional relations

### Twin touns an sister ceeties
Kingisepp is twinned wi:
* Jõhvi Parish, Estonie
* Narvik, Norawa
* Sassnitz, Germany
* Raisio, Finland

## References

## Freemit airtins
*traces o Jama citadel 
*Jama citadel