Holloway, Lunnon

**Holloway** is a inner-ceety destrict in the London Borough of Islington locatit  north o Charing Cross an follaes for the maist pairt, the line o the Holloway Road (A1 road). At the centre o Holloway is the Nag's Head aurie. Holloway is hame tae a vera multicultural population, is ane o the maist densely populatit auries o Lunnon an is hame o the Arsenal Football Club.

## History
The oreegins o the name are disputit; some believe that it derives frae *[[Valley#Hollows|Hollow]]*, or *[[Sunken lane|Hollow way]]*, due tae a dip in the road caused bi the passage o ainimals an watter erosion, as this wis the main cattle drivin route frae the North intae Smithfield. In Lower Holloway, the umwhile *Back Road*, nou Liverpool Road wis uised tae rest an graze the cattle afore enterin Lunnon. Ithers believe the name derives frae *[[Hallow]]* an refers tae the road's historic significance as pairt o the pilgrimage route tae Walsingham. Nae documentar evidence can be foond tae support either derivation; an bi 1307, the name *Holwey* wis applee'd tae the destrict aroond the road. The main stretch o Holloway Road runs throu the steid o the umwhile veelages o Tollington an Stroud. The exact time o their foondin is no kent, but the earliest record o thaim dates frae the *[[Domesday Book]]*. The names ceased tae be uised bi the late 17t Century, but are still preservit in the local place names Tollington Park an Stroud Green.

The oreeginal route, frae Lunnon, led throu Tollington Lane, but such wis the state o this road bi the 14t century, that the Bishop o Lunnon built a new road up Highgate Hill, an wis claimin tolls bi 1318. This wis the oreegins o the Great North Road, nou the A1, which passes throu Holloway.

Till the 18t century the aurie wis predominantly landwart, but as Lunnon expandit in the second hauf o the 19t century it became extremely built-up. Holloway, like hintle o inner North Lunnon, experiencit rapid growthe aroond the vera early 1900s an quickly became a important local shoppin centre. This wis aidit bi the importance o the road junction at Nag's Head which became a important hub for trolleybus services up their athdrawal in the 1950s. The London and North Eastern Railway opened a station here, which haed a significant impact on the residential an commercial development o the neebourheid in the latter pairt o the 19t century. The station, nou closed, wis at the same spot as the current Holloway Road tube station, on the Piccadilly Line.

In the late 1930s, the Odeon cinema on the junction o Tufnell Park Road an Holloway Road wis built as a Gaumont but wis severely damagit bi a doodlebug during the Seicont Warld War. It haes recently unnergane extensive refurbishment but reteens its impressive foyer an staircase. It is Grade II leetit.

Durin the Seicont Warld War, pairts o Holloway experienced intense bombin due tae its proximity tae King's Cross railwey station.

Holloway is hame tae HMP Holloway in Parkhurst Road an aw, which wis first built in 1852, oreeginally hoosing baith male an female preesoners, but syne 1902 it haes hoosit anerly weemen an is the UK's major female preeson. Preesoners that hae been held at the oreeginal preeson include Ruth Ellis, Isabella Glyn, Christabel Pankhurst an Oscar Wilde.

## Holloway the day

Like mony ither pairts o Islington, the gentrification o Holloway is nou unner wey, pairticularly in the Hillmarton an Mercers Road/Tavistock Terrace conservation auries (tae the sooth an wast o Holloway Road). Thare are mony luxury development projects takkin place ower a lairge aurie atween the Arsenal stadium development an Caledonian Road an aw.  In addeetion, Islington London Borough Council hae earmarkit mony impruivement projects for the Nag's Head aurie ower the next decade. It is hame tae the lairge, sprawlin Andover hoosin estate an aw.

Near tae Holloway Road tube station is the North Campus o London Metropolitan Varsity. This includes the Touer biggin, (the tawest biggin in the aurie), Stapleton House an The Learning Centre. Anither prominent featur in Holloway is the Emirates Stadium, hame o Arsenal F.C.

The aurie is hame tae mony airtists an fowk who wirk in the media, includin mony jurnalists, writers an profeesionals wirkin in film an televeesion. It is kent as a hotspot for mony o Lunnon's graffiti airtists an aw.

## Demographics
At the 2001 census, the population o Holloway wis 41,329, o those 48% male an 52% female.  It is hame tae a vera multicultural population an is ane o the maist densely populatit auries o Lunnon.

## Ashburton Grove

Arsenal Football Club hae muivit, efter 93 years at Highbury, tae a new stadium at Ashburton Grove in Holloway. It wis informally kent as Ashburton Grove till a namin richts deal wi Emirates Airline wis annooncit, an that name is still uised bi some fowk. The stadium opened in the simmer o 2006, an haes a aw-seatit capacity o 60,355, makkin it the seicont biggest stadium in the Premiership efter Old Trafford an the third biggest in Lunnon efter Wembley Stadium an Twickenham Stadium. The oweraw cost o the project wis £430 million.

Ashburton Grove wis the steid o Islington's Waste Transfer station. This facility haes been muivit tae nearby Hornsey Street. Aw o Islington's waste is shipped here for onward processing - thegither wi a significant proportion o that generatit by the neighbouring London Boroughs of Camden an Hackney. The waste is transportit bi road tae the Edmonton Solid Waste Incineration Plant or tae landfill steids in Cambridgeshire an Bedfordshire.

## Geografie

## Transport

The nearest London Underground stations are Caledonian Road, Highbury & Islington, Holloway Road an Archway.

The nearest London Overground stations are *[[:en:Caledonian Road & Barnsbury railway station|Caledonian Road & Barnsbury]]*, *[[:en:Camden Road railway station|Camden Road]]*, *[[:en:Highbury & Islington railway station|Highbury & Islington]]* an *[[:en:Upper Holloway railway station|Upper Holloway]]*

Drayton Park railwey station is near the soothren end o Holloway Road, an is on the Northern City Line. Highbury an Islington is the principal interchynge atween unnergrund an owergrund service.

## References

## Freemit airtins
*St Mary Magdalene's Church, Holloway Road