open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Narwhal

The **narwhal**, or **narwhaul** (*Monodon monoceros*), is a  medium-sized tuithed whaul that lives year-roond in the Arctic. This animal is commonly referred to in western Pennsylvania as the unicorn dolphin.  Ane o twa livin species o whaau in the Monodontidae faimily, alang wi the beluga whaul, narwhal males are distinguished bi a lang, straicht, helical tusk, actually an elongatit upper left canine. Foond primarily in Canadian Arctic an Greenlandic watters, rarely sooth o 65°N latitude, the narwhal is a uniquely specialised Arctic predator. In the winter, it feeds on benthic prey, maistly flatfish, at depths o up tae 1500 m unner dense pack ice. Narwhals hae been harvestit for ower a thoosand years bi Inuit fowk in northren Canadae an Greenland for meat an ivory, an a regulated subsistence hunt continues tae this day.  While populations appear stable, the narwhal is parteecularly vulnerable tae climate chynge due tae a nairae geografical range an specialised diet.

## References
Flatfish

A **fleuk** is a member o the order (**Pleuronectiformes**) o ray-finned demersal fishes, cried the Heterosomata an aw, sometimes classified as a suborder o Perciformes.  In mony species, baith een lie on ane side o the head, ane or the ither migratin through an aroond the heid durin development. Some species face thair left sides upward, some face thair right sides upward, an ithers face either side upward.

Mony important fuid fish are in this order, includin the flounders, soles, turbot, plaice, an halibut. Thare are ower 400 species. Some flatfish can camouflage themselves on the ocean fluir.
Banteng

The **banteng** (*Bos javanicus*), kent as **tembadau** an aw, is a species o wild cattle foond in Sootheast Asie.

Banteng hae been domesticatit in several places in Sootheast Asie, an thare are aroond 1.5 million domestic banteng, which are cried Bali cattle. Thir ainimals are uised as wirking ainimals an for thair meat. Banteng hae been introduced tae Northren Australie an aw, whaur thay hae established stable feral populations.

## References
Seram Island

**Seram** (umwhile spelled **Ceram**; an aa Seran or Serang) is the lairgest an main island o Maluku province o Indonesie, despite Ambon Island's historical importance.  It is locatit juist north o smawer Ambon Island.
Licht-emittin diode

A **licht-emitting diode** (**LED**) is a semiconductor licht soorce. LEDs are uised as indicator lamps in mony devices an are increasingly uised for general lichtin. Appearin as practical electronic components in 1962, early LEDs emittit law-intensity reid licht, but modren versions are available athort the veesible, ultraviolet, an infrared wavelengths, wi very heich brichtness.

When a licht-emittin diode is switched on, electrons are able tae recombine wi holes within the device, releasin energy in the furm o photons. This effect is cried electroluminescence, an the colour o the licht (correspondin tae the energy o the photon) is determined bi the energy band gap o the semiconductor. An LED is eften smaa in aurie (less nor 1&nbsp;mm2), an integratit optical components mey be uised tae shape its radiation pattern. LEDs hae mony advantages ower incandescent licht soorces includin lawer energy consumption, langer lifetime, improved pheesical robustness, smawer size, an faster switchin. However, LEDs pouerfu enough for room lichtin are relatively expensive, an require mair precise current an heat management nor compact fluorescent lamp soorces o comparable ootput.

Licht-emittin diodes are uised in applications as diverse as aviation lichtin, automotive lichtin, advertisin, general lightin  an traffic signals. LEDs hae allaed new text, video displays, an sensors tae be developed, while thair heich switchin rates are an aa uisefu in advanced communications technology. Infrared LEDs are an aa uised in the remote control units o mony commercial products includin televisions, DVD players an ither domestic appliances. LEDs are uised tae create a new furm o wireless internet access cried Li-Fi, or licht fidelity. LEDs are an aa uised in seven-segment display.

## References
Markhor

The **markhor** (*Capra falconeri*; Persian/Urdu: مارخور;  *[[marǧūmay]]*) is a muckle species o wild gait that is hamelt in northeastren Afghanistan, northren Pakistan (Gilgit-Baltistan an northren Khyber Pakhtunkhwa), some pairts o Indien Jammu an Kashmir, soothren Tajikistan an soothren Uzbekistan. The species is classed bi the IUCN as Endangered, as thare are fewer nor 2,500 mature individuals an the nummers hae continued tae decline bi an estimatit 20% ower twa generations. The markhor is the naitional ainimal o Pakistan.

## References
Electricity

**Electricity** is the set o physical phenomena associatit wi the presence an motion o electric chairge. Awtho ineetially conseedert a phenomenon separate frae magnetism, syne the development o Maxwell's equations, baith are recognised as pairt o a single phenomenon: electromagnetism. Various common phenomena are relatit tae electricity, includin lichtnin, static electricity, electric heatin, electric dischairges an mony ithers.

The presence o an electric chairge, that can be aither positive or negative, produces an electric field. The muivement o electric chairges is an electric current an produces a magnetic field.

Whan a chairge is placed in a location wi a non-zero electric field, a force will act on it. The magnitude o this force is gien bi Coulomb's law. Sicweys, gin that chairge war tae muive, the electric field wad be daein wirk on the electric chairge. Sicweys we can speak o electric potential at a certain pynt in space, that is equal tae the wirk duin bi an freemit augent in cairyin a unit o positive chairge frae an arbitrarily chuisen reference pynt tae that point withoot ony acceleration an is teepically meisurt in volts.

Electricity is at the hert o mony modren technologies, bein uised for:
* **[[electric pouer]]** whaur electric current is uised tae energise equipment;
* **[[electronics]]** that deals wi electrical circuits that involve active electrical components sic as vacuum tubes, transistors, diodes an integratit circuits, an associatit passive interconnection technologies.

Electrical phenomena hae been studied syne antiquity, tho progress in theoretical unnerstaundin remeened slaw till the seiventeent an aichteent centuries. Even then, practical applications for electricity war few, an it wad nae be till the late nineteent century that electrical ingineers war able tae put it tae industrial an residential uise. The fest expansion in electrical technology at this time transformed industrie an society, acomin a drivin force for the Seicont Industrial Revolution. Electricity's extraordinary versatility means it can be pit tae an awmaist leemitless set o applications that include transport, heatin, lichtin, communications, an computation. Electrical pouer is nou the backbane o modren industrial society.

## References
Gless

**Gless** is an amorphous (non-crystalline) solid material that exhibits a glass transeetion, that is the reversible transeetion in amorphous materials (or in amorphous regions athin semicrystalline materials) frae a haird an fair brickle state intae a molten or rubber-lik state. Gless is teepically brickle an can be optically transparent. The maist fameiliar kin o gless is soda-lime gless, that is componed o aboot 75% Silicon dioxide (SiO2), sodium oxide (Na2O) frae soda ess, lime (CaO), an several minor additives. The term *gless* is aften uised tae refer anerly tae this specific uise.
Sorghum

***Sorghum*** is a genus o numerous species o gresses, ane o which is raised for grain an mony o which are uised as fother plants, either cultivatit or as pairt o pastur. The plants are cultivatit in wairmer climates warldwide. Species are native tae tropical an subtropical regions o aw continents in addeetion tae the soothwast Paceefic an Australasie. *Sorghum* is in the subfaimily Panicoideae an the tribe o Andropogoneae (the tribe o big bluestem an succar cane).
Poaceae

The **Poaceae** (cried **Gramineae** or **true grasses** an aw) is a lairge an nearly ubiquitous faimily o monocotyledonous flouerin plants. Wi mair nor 10,000 domesticatit an wild species, the Poaceae represents the fift-lairgest plant faimily, follaein the Orchidaceae, Asteraceae, Fabaceae, an Rubiaceae.
Tho commonly cried "gresses", seagresses, rashes, an segs faw ootside this faimily. The rashes an segs is sib tae the Poaceae, bein members o the order Poales, but the seagresses is members o order Alismatales.

Gresslands is estimated tae compone 20% o the vegetation kiver o the Yird. Poaceae leeves in mony ither habitats, includin weetlands, wids, an tundra.

Domestication o poaceous cereal craps sic as maize (corn), wheat, rice, baurley, an millet lies at the foondation o sedentary leevin an ceevilization aroond the warld, an the Poaceae still constitutes the maist economically important plant faimily in modren times, providin forage, biggin materials (bamboo, thack) an fuel (ethanol), as weel as fuid.

## References
Orchidaceae

**Orchidaceae** is a diverse an widespread  faimily o flouerin plants wi blooms that are eften colourfu an eften fragrant, commonly kent as the **orchid faimily**. Alang wi the Asteraceae, thay are ane o the twa lairgest faimilies o flouerin plants, wi atween 21,950 an 26,049 currently acceptit species, foond in 880 genera. Selecting which of the two families is larger is still under debate, as concrete numbers on such enormous families are constantly in flux. Regardless, the nummer o orchid species equals mair nor twice the nummer o bird species, an aboot fower times the nummer o mammal species. The faimily an aa encompasses aboot 6–11% o aw seed plants. The lairgest genera are *[[Bulbophyllum]]* (2,000 species), *[[Epidendrum]]* (1,500 species), *[[Dendrobium]]* (1,400 species) an *[[Pleurothallis]]* (1,000 species).

The faimily an aa includes *[[Vanilla (orchid)|Vanilla]]* (the genus o the vanilla plant), *[[Orchis]]* (type genus), an mony commonly cultivatit plants such as *[[Phalaenopsis]]* an *[[Cattleya]]*. Mairower, syne the introduction o tropical species in the 19t century, horticulturists hae produced mair nor 100,000 hybrids an cultivars.

## References
San Miguel Huautla

**San Miguel Huautla** is a toun an municipality in Oaxaca in sooth-wastren Mexico. The municipality covers a aurie o 111 km².  
It is pairt o the Nochixtlán Destrict in the sootheast o the Mixteca Region.

As o 2005, the municipality haed a total population o 1237.

## References
San Blas

**San Blas**, the Spaingie name for Saunt Blaise, mey refer tae:

## Places
;Argentinae
* San Blas de los Sauces, in La Rioja Province
* San Blas, La Rioja
* San Blas Depairtment

;Ecuador
* San Blas, Quito

;Malta
* San Blas, Nadur

;Mexico
* San Blas, Nayarit
* San Blas, Sinaloa
* San Blas Atempa, Oaxaca
* San Blas, Baja Californie Sur
* Marismas Nacionales-San Blas mangroves, an ecoregion

;Panama
* Kuna Yala, an autonomous territory, umwhile cried San Blas
* San Blas Islands, aff the Caribbean coast 
* San Blas Range, a muntain range

;Paraguay
* San Blas (Asunción)

;Peru
* San Blas (Cusco), a neebourheid in the historic ceety centre o Cusco

;Spain
* San Blas (Madrid), a destrict o Madrid

;Unitit States
* Cape San Blas, pairt o a peninsula in Gulf Coonty, Florida
** Cape San Blas Light

## See an aw
* San Blas Jay, a bird o Mexico
San Antonio (disambiguation)

**[[San Antonio]]** is a city an metropolitan area in the U.S. state o Texas.

**San Antonio** mey refer tae:

## Places

### Colombie
*Cerro San Antonio, Magdalena
*San Antonio del Tequendama, Cundinamarca

### Cuba
*San Antonio de los Baños

### Guatemala
*San Antonio Aguas Calientes
*San Antonio Ilotenango
*San Antonio La Paz

### Mexico
*San Antonio, San Luis Potosí
*San Antonio Acutla, Oaxaca
*San Antonio de la Cal, Oaxaca
*San Antonio Huitepec, Oaxaca
*San Antonio Nanahuatipam, Oaxaca
*San Antonio Sinicahua, Oaxaca
*San Antonio Tepetlapa, Oaxaca

#### Ither
*San Antonio, Texas
San Sebastian

**[[San Sebastián]]** (aka Donostia) is a ceety in the Basque Kintra, Spain.

**San Sebastián** or **San Sebastian** mey refer tae an aw:

* Saunt Sebastian, an early Christian saunt an martyr

## Places

### Guatemala
*San Sebastián, Retalhuleu
*San Sebastián Coatán
*San Sebastián Huehuetenango

### Mexico
#### Jalisco
*San Sebastián del Oeste

#### Oaxaca
*San Sebastián Abasolo
*San Sebastián Coatlán
*San Sebastián Ixcapa
*San Sebastián Nicananduta
*San Sebastián Río Hondo
*San Sebastián Tecomaxtlahuaca
*San Sebastián Teitipac
*San Sebastián Tutla

#### Puebla
*San Sebastián Tlacotepec

#### Sinaloa
*San Sebastián, Sinaloa

### Spain
*San Sebastián (Morcín), a pairish in Morcín, Asturias
*San Sebastián de Garabandal, a veelage in the municipality o Rionansa, Cantabrie
*San Sebastián de La Gomera, a toun in the Canary Islands
*San Sebastián de los Ballesteros, a municipality in the province o Córdoba, Andalusie
*San Sebastián de los Reyes, a ceety near Madrid, Spain

### The Americas

*San Sebastián, Aragua, a ceety in Venezuela
*San Sebastián, Cauca, Depairtment o Cauca, Colombie
*San Sebastián, Chile, steid o the San Sebastián Airport (Chile)
*San Sebastián, Comayagua, a municipality in Honduras
*San Sebastian, Lempira, a municipality in Honduras
*San Sebastián, Puerto Rico, a municipality in Puerto Rico
*San Sebastián, San Vicente, a municipality in El Salvador
*San Sebastián, Quito, an electoral pairish o Quito, Ecuador
*San Sebastián de Buenavista, Depairtment o Magdalena, Colombie
*San Sebastián Destrict, Cusco, in Cusco Province, Peru
*San Sebastián Destrict, San José, a destrict o San José canton in Costa Rica
*San Sebastian River, a tidal channel which flows intae Matanzas Bay in Florida, US

### Philippines
*San Sebastian, Samar, a municipality in the Philippines
* San Sebastian, a destrict o Tarlac Ceety, Philippines
San Francisco (disambiguation)

**[[San Francisco]]** is a combined ceety/coonty in the U.S. state o Californie.

**San Francisco** mey refer tae an aw:

## Athin San Francisco, Californie
* San Francisco Bay
* San Francisco Bay Area, the metropolitan aurie
* San Francisco Peninsula, the peninsula whaur the ceety is locatit

## Place names
;Argentinae
* San Francisco, Córdoba

;Chile
*San Francisco Glacier
*San Francisco de Mostazal
*San Francisco, Pichilemu

;Colombie
*San Francisco, Antioquia
*San Francisco, Cundinamarca
*San Francisco, Putumayo

;Costa Rica 
*San Francisco de Dos Ríos Destrict, San José Canton

;Dominican Republic
*San Francisco de Macorís

;Ecuador
*San Francisco de Quito, formal name o the caipital ceety

;Honduras
*San Francisco, Atlántida
*San Francisco, Lempira
*San Francisco de Opalaca

;Guatemala
*San Francisco, El Petén
*San Francisco El Alto, Totonicapán
*San Francisco Zapotitlán, Suchitepéquez

;Mexico
*San Francisco de Campeche
*San Francisco de los Romo, Aguascalientes
*San Francisco del Mezquital, Durango
*San Francisco Coacalco, State o Mexico
*San Francisco Cahuacúa, Oaxaca
*San Francisco Cajonos, Oaxaca
*San Francisco Chapulapa, Oaxaca	
*San Francisco Chindúa, Oaxaca
*San Francisco del Mar, Oaxaca	
*San Francisco Huehuetlán, Oaxaca	
*San Francisco Ixhuatán, Oaxaca
*San Francisco Jaltepetongo, Oaxaca
*San Francisco Lachigoló, Oaxaca
*San Francisco Logueche, Oaxaca
*San Francisco Nuxaño, Oaxaca
*San Francisco Ozolotepec, Oaxaca	
*San Francisco Solá, Oaxaca	
*San Francisco Telixtlahuaca, Oaxaca
*San Francisco Teopan, Oaxaca
*San Francisco Tlapancingo, Oaxaca
*San Francisco, Nayarit
*San Francisco Tetlanohcan, Tlaxcala

;Nicaragua
*San Francisco de Cuapa

;Philippines
* San Francisco, Agusan del Sur
* San Francisco, Cebu
* San Francisco, Quezon
* San Francisco, Southern Leyte
* San Francisco, Surigao del Norte
* San Francisco, San Pablo, Laguna
* San Francisco, Ubay

;Spain
* San Francisco (Bilbao)

;Unitit States
* San Francisco (Puerto Rico), a sector athin the tounship o Auld San Juan in the caipital o San Juan, Puerto Rico
* San Francisco, Minnesota, an abandoned toun
* Mission San Francisco de Potano, a Spainyie mission tae the Timucua Indies o Florida
* Mission San Francisco Solano, a Spainyie mission in Sonoma, Californie
* San Francisco Peaks, a set o muntains in Arizona
*San Francisco volcanic field, Arizona; includes abuin peaks
* La Villa Real de la Santa Fé de San Francisco de Asís (the formal name o Santa Fe, New Mexico)

;Venezuela
* San Francisco de Yare, Miranda

## See an aw
* St. Francis, the Inglis equivalent o San Francisco
* São Francisco, the Portuguese equivalent o San Francisco
* Leet o places namit efter Saunt Francis
The Voice

**The Voice** mey refer tae:

## Radio an television
### Warldwide TV series

* ''The Voice'', a vocal talent competeetion TV show; the oreeginal Dutch series began in 2010
** Netherlands: *[[The Voice of Holland]]* (oreeginal)
** Albanie: *[[The Voice of Albania]]*
** Arab warld: *[[The Voice Ahla Sawt]]*
** Argentinae: *[[La Voz... Argentina]]*
** Armenie: *[[The Voice of Armenia]]*
** Australie: ''The Voice'' (Australia)
** Belgium:
*** *[[The Voice Belgique]]*
*** *[[The Voice van Vlaanderen]]*
** Brazil: *[[The Voice Brasil]]*
** Canadae (Quebec): *[[La Voix]]*
** Colombie: *[[La Voz Colombia]]*
** Cheenae: *[[The Voice of China]]*
** Denmark: *[[Voice – Danmarks største stemme]]*
** Finland: *[[The Voice of Finland]]*
** Fraunce: *[[The Voice: La Plus Belle Voix]]*
** Georgie: *[[The Voice of Georgia]]*
** Germany: *[[The Voice of Germany]]*
** Greece an Cyprus: *[[The Voice of Greece]]*
** Hungary: *The Voice – Magyarország hangja*
** Indonesie: *[[The Voice Indonesia]]*
** Ireland: *[[The Voice of Ireland]]*
** Israel: *[[The Voice Israel]]*
** Italy: *[[The Voice of Italy]]*
** Mexico: *[[La Voz... México]]*
** Norway: *[[The Voice – Norges beste stemme]]*
** Philippines: *[[The Voice of the Philippines]]*
** Poland: *[[The Voice of Poland]]*
** Portugal: *[[A Voz de Portugal]]*
** Romanie: *[[Vocea României]]*
** Roushie: *[[Golos (TV series)|Golos]]*
** Sooth Korea: *[[The Voice of Korea]]*
** Spain: ''La Voz''
** Swaden: *[[The Voice Sverige]]*
** Thailand: *[[The Voice Thailand]]*
** Turkey: *[[O Ses Türkiye]]*
** UK: *[[The Voice UK]]*
** Ukraine: *[[Holos Krayiny]]*
** USA: ''The Voice'' (U.S. TV series)
** Vietnam: *[[The Voice of Vietnam]]*

### Ither programs an shows
* ''The Voice'' (Hong Kong), a reality show singin competeetion (no pairt o *The Voice* franchise)

### Broadcast stations
* Radio an telly netwirks awned bi ProSiebenSat.1 Media (formally SBS Broadcasting):
** The Voice Hiphop & RnB Sweden
** The Voice Hiphop & RnB Norway
** The Voice TV Denmark
** The Voice TV Finland
** The Voice TV Norway
** The Voice TV Sweden
** The Voice TV Bulgaria
* The Voice FM (North Devon) a UK radio station

## Fowk
* An informal name gien tae sangster Whitney Houston
* An informal name gien tae sangster Frank Sinatra
* An informal name gien tae sangster Vern Gosdin
* An informal name gien tae sangster Paul Rodgers
* An informal name gien tae sangster Steve Perry
* An informal name gien tae sangster Sandi Patty

## See an aw
* Voices (group)
* Voice (disambiguation)
* Voices (disambiguation)
* Voicing (disambiguation)
*La Voix (disambiguation)
*La Voz (disambiguation)
São Francisco

**São Francisco** (Portuguese: *Saunt Francis*) mey refer tae:

* São Francisco River, a river in Brazil.

## Places
;Brazil
* Amparo de São Francisco, a municipality in Sergipe
* Barra de São Francisco, a municipality in Espírito Santo
* Belém de São Francisco, a municipality in Pernambuco
* Canindé de São Francisco, a municipality in Sergipe
* Lagoa de São Francisco, a municipality in Piauí
* Muquém de São Francisco, a municipality in Bahia
* Santana do São Francisco, a municipality in Sergipe
* São Francisco, Minas Gerais, a municipality in Minas Gerais
* São Francisco, Niterói, a neighborhood in Niterói, Rio de Janeiro
* São Francisco, Paraíba, a municipality in Paraíba
* São Francisco, Sergipe, a municipality in Sergipe
* São Francisco, São Paulo, a municipality in São Paulo
* São Francisco de Goiás, a municipality in Goiás
* São Francisco de Itabapoana, a municipality in Rio de Janeiro
* São Francisco de Paula, Minas Gerais, a municipality in Minas Gerais
* São Francisco de Paula, Rio Grande do Sul, a municipality in Rio Grande do Sul
* São Francisco de Sales, a municipality in Minas Gerais
* São Francisco do Brejão, a municipality in Maranhão
* São Francisco do Conde, a municipality in Bahia
* São Francisco do Glória, a municipality in Minas Gerais
* São Francisco do Guaporé, a municipality in Rondônia
* São Francisco do Maranhão, a municipality in Maranhão
* São Francisco do Oeste, a municipality in Rio Grande do Norte
* São Francisco do Pará, a municipality in Pará
* São Francisco do Piauí, a municipality in Piauí
* São Francisco do Sul, a municipality in Santa Catarina

;Cape Verde
* São Francisco, Cape Verde, a veelage
* São Francisco (Tarrafal de São Nicolau), a pairish

## Ither uisses
* São Francisco, Cape Verde, a veelage in Cape Verde.
* São Francisco (Niterói), a neebourheid in Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
* São Francisco (Tarrafal de São Nicolau), a pairish in Cape Verde.
* São Francisco Futebol Clube (PA), a fitbaa club in Santarém, Brazil
* St. Francis (disambiguation), several Roman Catholic saints.

## See an aw
* San Francisco (disambiguation), several different things, includin the ceety San Francisco in Californie, USA. The Spaingie equivalent o São Francisco.
* Leet o places namit efter Saunt Francis
San Cristóbal

**San Cristóbal**, the Spaingie name o St. Christopher, is a common geographical name. It coud refer tae ony o the follaein:

## Places
### Argentinae
* San Cristóbal, Buenos Aires (a neebourheid or *barrio*)

### Colombie
* San Cristóbal, Bolívar

### Cuba
*San Cristóbal, Cuba, in the province o Artemisa
*Havana, foondit as *Villa de San Cristóbal de la Habana*

### Guatemala
*San Cristóbal Acasaguastlán
*San Cristóbal Verapaz

### Mexico
*San Cristóbal Ecatepec, in the State o Mexico
*San Cristóbal Amatlán
*San Cristóbal Amoltepec
*San Cristóbal Lachirioag
*San Cristóbal Suchixtlahuaca
San Bartolomé

**San Bartolomé** (the Spainyie-leid name o Saunt Bartholomew) mey refer tae:

## Guatemala
*San Bartolomé Jocotenango, a municipality in El Quiché depairtment
*San Bartolomé Milpas Altas, a municipality in Sacatepéquez depairtment

## Mexico
### Hidalgo
*San Bartolomé de Ayautla
*San Bartolomé de Loxicha
### Oaxaca
*San Bartolomé Ayautla
*San Bartolomé Loxicha
*San Bartolomé Quialana
*San Bartolomé Yucuañe
*San Bartolomé Zoogocho

## Spain
*San Bartolomé, Las Palmas, on the island o Lanzarote in the Canary Islands 
*San Bartolomé de Tirajana, on the island o Gran Canaria in the Canary Islands
San Juan Bautista Tlacoatzintepec

**San Juan Bautista Tlacoatzintepec** is a toun an municipality in Oaxaca in sooth-wastren Mexico. The municipality covers a aurie o 183.7 km². 
It is pairt o Cuicatlán Destrict in the north o the Cañada Region.

As o 2005, the municipality haed a total population o 2241.

## References
Alford

**Alford** mey refer tae:

## Fowk
*Alford (surname)

## Places
;Australie
*Alford, Sooth Australie

;Ingland
*Alford, Lincolnshire
**Alford Manor House
**Alford Windmill
**Queen Elizabeth's Grammar School, Alford
*Alford, Somerset
*Alford Crossways
:

;Scotland
*Alford, Inglis name o **[[Aaford]]**
**Alford Valley Railway

;Unitit States
*Alford, Florida
*Alford, Massachusetts
Palombara Sabina

**Palombara Sabina** is a toun an *[[comune]]* in the province o Roum, Italy.

## Main sichts
*Savelli-Torlonia Castle, biggit frae the 11t century bi the Ottaviani, a branch o the Crescentii faimily o Roum. Antipape Innocent III wis arrestit here in 1180. It wis acquired bi Luca Savelli, a nephew o pape Honorius III, in 1250, whence the current name. It wis rebiggit in the 16t century bi Troilo Savelli, who commissioned his friend Baldassarre Peruzzi the frescoes which are still visible inside, includin portraits o Roman famous men, allegories o the Liberal Arts an grotesque decorations. It is nou hame tae a librar, an exhibition o Roman statues foond nearbi Palombara in 2008, and a natural sciences museum.
*Abbey o Saunt John in Argentella
*Kirk o *Santa Maria Annunziata* (14t century)
*Kirk o St. Blaise (1101), in Romanesque style.
*Fortifeed veelage of Castiglione, in the Monti Lucretili pairk, at 750&nbsp;m.
*Convent o St. Michael, in rural Romanesque style. It wis biggit ower a Roman villa, o which traces o opus reticulatum remain.
Ponzano Romano

**Ponzano Romano** is a *[[comune]]* (municipality) in the Province o Roum in the Italian region Lazio, locatit aboot 40&nbsp;km north o Roum. As o 31 Dizember 2004, it haed a population o 1,061 an a aurie o 19.3&nbsp;km².

Ponzano Romano borders the follaein municipalities: Civita Castellana, Civitella San Paolo, Collevecchio, Filacciano, Forano, Nazzano, Sant'Oreste, Stimigliano.

## Demographic evolution

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## References
Hipódromo

**Hipódromo** is a Spainyie wird which means "racecourse". It mey refer tae:
*Barrio Hipódromo, a populatit place in Maldonado Depairtment, Uruguay
*Colonia Hipódromo Condesa, a neebourheid wast o the historic centre o Mexico Ceety
*Hipódromo, a populatit place in Cerro Largo Depairtment, Uruguay
*Hipódromo, a neebourheid in Asunción, Paraguay
*Hipódromo, a sector o Santurce, San Juan, Puerto Rico
*Jardines del Hipódromo, a neebourheid in Montevideo, Uruguay
*Jardines del Hipódromo Stadium, a sports venue in Montevideo, Uruguay
San Marcos

**San Marcos** (the Spainyie-leid name o the evangelist Saunt Mark) is a common toponym in Laitin Americae an pairts o the Unitit States. It coud refer tae ony o the follaein:

## Touns an ceeties
;Belize
*San Marcos, Cayo, Belize
*San Marcos, Toledo, Belize

;Bolivie
*San Marcos, Beni

;Colombie
*San Marcos, Antioquia
*San Marcos, Sucre

;Costa Rica
*San Marcos, Costa Rica (aka San Marcos de Tarrazú)

;Ecuador
*San Marcos, Quito

;El Salvador
*San Marcos, El Salvador

;Guatemala
*San Marcos Depairtment 
*San Marcos, San Marcos

;Honduras
*San Marcos de Caiquín
*San Marcos de Colón
*San Marcos, Ocotepeque
*San Marcos, Santa Bárbara

;Mexico
*San Marcos, Baja California Sur
*San Marcos, Guerrero
*San Marcos, Jalisco

;Nicaragua
*San Marcos, Carazo

;Peru
*San Marcos, Cajamarca
*San Marcos Province

;Unitit States
*San Marcos, Californie
**Lake San Marcos, Californie
*San Marcos, Texas

## Ither
*San Marcos de Arica, Chilean fitbaa club
*FC San Marcos, Nicaraguan fitbaa club
Santa María del Oro

**Santa María del Oro** is the name o ane municipality an three touns in Mexico.  

* Santa María del Oro, Nayarit, the municipality an toun in the state o Nayarit
*Santa María del Oro, Durango, the toun in the municipalilty o El Oro in the state o Durango
*Santa María del Oro, Jalisco, the toun in the municipality o Manuel M. Dieguez in the state o Jalisco
El Oro

**El Oro** mey refer tae:
*El Oro Province, a province in Ecuador
*El Oro Municipality, State o Mexico, a municipality o the State o Mexico, Mexico
*El Oro Municipality, Durango
*El Oro Destrict, a destrict o Antabamba, Peru
*El Oro Yacht, a classic sailin yacht commissioned bi Baron Bich

## See an aw
*Oro (disambiguation)
San Juan Cacahuatepec

**San Juan Cacahuatepec** is a ceety in the Mexican state o Oaxaca, near the mairch wi Guerrero. 
It is locatit in the Jamiltepec Destrict in the wast o the Costa Region, OaxacaCosta Region.
Its population in 1990, accordin tae *The Columbia Gazetteer of North America*, wis 3,116; in 2006, it wis aboot 5,000. 
Alang wi San Pedro Amusgos, it is a hivy centre o population for the indigenous Amuzgo. The name Cacahuatepec is Nahuatl, translatin "Place o Cacao-bean muntain".

Agricultur o the aurie includes corn, beans, succarcane, rice, an tropical fruits.

## History
Ance inhabitit bi Yopes, the aurie came unner dominion o Spain in 1523. Several times it haes been impactit bi unrest in the region. It wis a gatherin pynt for rebel forces o Hermenegildo Galeana in the early 19t century, an later, in 1854, it wis razit bi Antonio López de Santa Anna.

## References

## Freemit airtins
*Offeecial municipal wabsteid
San Juan Colorado

**San Juan Colorado** is a toun an municipality in Oaxaca in sooth-wastren Mexico. The municipality covers a aurie o 85.48 km². 
It is locatit in the Jamiltepec Destrict in the wast o the Costa Region.

As o 2005, the municipality haed a total population o 8669.

## References
Asparagales

**Asparagales** is the name o an order o plants, uised in modren classification seestems such as the APG III seestem (which is uised throughoot this airticle). The order taks its name frae the faimily  Asparagaceae an is placed in the monocots. The order haes anly recently been recognized in classification seestems. It wis first put forrit bi Huber in 1977 and later taken up in the Dahlgren seestem o 1985. Afore this, mony o its faimilies wur assigned tae the auld order Liliales: a very muckle order containin almaist aw monocots wi colourful tepals a wioot starch in thair endosperm. DNA sequence analysis indicatit that Liliales should be dividit intae at least Liliales, Asparagales an Dioscoreales. The boondaries o the Asparagales an o its faimilies hae unnergone a series o chynges in recent years; future research mey lead tae further chynges an ultimately greater stability.

## References

## Freemit airtins
Monocotyledon

**Monocotyledons**, kent as **monocots** an aa, are ane o twa major groups o flouerin plants (or angiosperms) that are tradeetionally recognised, the ither bein dicotyledons, or dicots. Monocot seedlings teepically hae ane cotyledon (seed-leaf), in contrast tae the twae cotyledons teepical o dicots. Monocots hae been recognised at various taxonomic ranks, an unner monie different names. The APG III seestem recognises a clade cried "monocots" but daes nae assign it tae a taxonomic rank.

## Notes

## References
Dicotyledon

The **dicotyledons**, forbye kent as **dicots**, wis a groupin unwhile uised for the flouerin plants whase seed teepically haes twa embryonic leafs or cotyledons. Thare aroond 199,350 species athin this group. Flouerin plants that wisnae dicotyledons wis cawed monocotyledons, teepically haein ae embryonic leaf.

## References
Asparagaceae

**Asparagaceae** is a faimily o flouerin plants, placed in the order Asparagales o the monocots.

## References
Cotyledon

A **cotyledon** (; "seed leaf" frae Greek: κοτυληδών *kotylēdōn*, gen.: κοτυληδόνος *kotylēdonos*, frae κοτύλη ''kotýlē'' "cup, bowl") is a signeeficant pairt o the embryo athin the seed o a plant. On germination, the cotyledon mey become the embryonic first leafs o a settin. The nummer o cotyledons present is a characteristic uised bi botanists tae classify the flouerin plants (angiosperms). Species wi ane cotyledon are cried monocotyledonous ("monocots"). Plants wi twa embryonic leafs is termed dicotyledonous ("dicots") an placed in the class Magnoliopsida.
Yucca

***Yucca*** is a genus o perennial shrubs an trees in the faimily Asparagaceae, subfaimily Agavoideae. Its 40-50 species is notable for thair rosettes o evergreen, teuch, swuird-shaped leaves an lairge terminal panicles o white or whitish flouers. Thay are native tae the het an dry (arid) pairts o North Americae, Central Americae, Sooth Americae, an the Caribbean. Early reports o the species wis confused wi the cassava (*Manihot esculenta*). Consequently, Linnaeus mistakenly derived the generic name frae the Taino wird for the latter, *yuca* (spelt wi a single "c"). It is colloquially kent in the Midwast Unitit States as "ghosts in the graveyard", as it is commonly foond growin in rural graveyairds an whan in bloom the cluster o (uisually pale) flouers on a thin stalk appear as fleetin apparitions.

## References
Perennial plant

A **perennial plant** or simply **perennial** () is a plant that lives for mair nor twa year. The term is aften uised tae differentiate a plant frae shorter-lived annuals an biennials. The term is widely uised tae distinguish plants wi awee or na widdy growth frae trees an shrubs, whilk is technically perennials an aa.

## References
Asparagus

***Asparagus officinalis*** is a spring vegetable, a flouerin perennial
plant species in the genus *Asparagus*. It wis ance clessifee'd in the lily faimily, lik its *[[Allium]]* cousins, ingans an garlic, but the Liliaceae hae been split an the ingan-lik plants are nou in the faimily Amaryllidaceae an asparagus in the Asparagaceae. *Asparagus officinalis* is native tae maist o Europe, northren Africae an wastren Asie,
an is widely cultivatit as a vegetable crop.

## References
Liliaceae

The **Liliaceae**, or the **lily faimily**, is a faimily o monocotyledons in the order Liliales. Plants in this faimily hae linear leafs, maistly wi parallel veins but wi several hae net venation (e.g., *Cardiocrinum, Clintonia, Medeola, Prosartes, Scoliopus, Tricyrtis*), an flouers arranged in threes. Several hae bulbs, while ithers hae rhizomes. Shade-dwellin genera uisually hae braid, net-veined leafs, fleshy fruits wi animal-dispersed seeds, rhizomes, an smaa, inconspicuous flouers; genera native tae sunny habitats uisually hae narra, parallel-veined leafs, capsular fruits wi wind-dispersed seeds, bulbs, an lairge, visually conspicuous flouers.

## References
Annual plant

In gairdenin, an **annual plant** is a plant survivin juist for ae growin saison. Mony fuid plants is, or is grown as, annuals, includin virtually aw domesticatit grains. Some perennials an biennials is grown in gairdens as annuals for convenience, pairticularly gif thay arenae considered cauld hairdy for the local climate. Carrot, celery an parsley is true biennials that is uisually grown as annual crops for their edible ruits, petioles an leafs, respectively. Tomato, sweet tattie an bell pepper is tender perennials uisually grown as annuals.

Ornamental perennials commonly grown as annuals include impatiens, wax begonia, snapdragon, *[[Pelargonium]]*, coleus an petunia.
Cassava

**Cassava** (***Manihot esculenta***), forby cried **manioc**, **yuca**, **balinghoy**, **mogo**,  **mandioca**, **kamoteng kahoy**, **tapioca-ruit** (predominantly in Indie) an **manioc ruit**, a widdy shrub o the Euphorbiaceae (spurge) faimily native tae Sooth Americae, is extensively cultivatit as an annual crap in tropical an subtropical regions for its edible starchy tuberous ruit, a major soorce o carbohydrates. It differs frae the seimilar spellt yucca, an unrelatit fruit-bearin shrub in the Asparagaceae faimily. Cassava, whan dried tae a poudery (or pearly) extract, is cried tapioca; its fermented, flaky version is named garri.
Euphorbiaceae

**Euphorbiaceae**, the **spurge faimily**, is a muckle faimily o  flouerin plants wit 300 genera an aroond 7,500 species. Maist spurges are yerbs, but some, especially in the tropics, are shrubs or trees. Some are succulent an resemble cacti.

## References
Malpighiales

**Malpighiales** is ane o the lairgest orders o flouerin plants, containin aboot 16000 species, approximately 7.8% o the eudicots. The order is very diverse, containin plants as different as the willow, violet, *[[Poinsettia]]* an coca plant, an haird tae recognize except wi molecular phylogenetic evidence. It is nae pairt o ony o the classification seestems that are based anly on plant morphology.

Malpighiales is dividit intae 32 tae 42 faimilies, dependin upon which clades in the order are gien the taxonomic rank o faimily. In the APG III seestem, 35 faimilies are recognized. Medusagynaceae, Quiinaceae, Peraceae, Malesherbiaceae, Turneraceae, Samydaceae, an Scyphostegiaceae are consolidated intae ither faimilies. The lairgest faimily, by far, is Euphorbiaceae, wi aboot 6300 species in aboot 245 genera.

In a 2009 study o DNA sequences o 13 genes, 42 faimilies wur placed intae 16 groups, rangin in size frae ane tae ten faimilies. Almaist nothing is kent aboot the relationships amang these 16 groups. Malpighiales an Lamiales are the twa lairge orders whose phylogeny remains maistly unresolved.

## References
Species

In biology, a **species** (plural: species) is ane o the basic units o biological classification an a taxonomic rank. A species is aften defined as the lairgest group o organisms that can interbreed an producin fertile affspring. While, in mony cases, this defineetion is adequate, the difficulty o definin species is kent as the species problem. Differin measures is aften uised, lik similarity o DNA, morphology, or ecological niche. Presence o specific locally adaptit traits mey forder subdivide species intae "infraspecific taxa" lik subspecies (an in botany ither taxa is uised, lik varieties, subvarieties, an formae).
Poinsettia

The **poinsettia** ( or ) (*Euphorbia pulcherrima*) is a culturally an commercially important plant species o the diverse spurge faimily that is indigenous tae Mexico an Central Americae. It is pairticularly weel kent for its reid an green foliage an is widely uised in Christmas floral displays. It derives its common Inglis name frae Joel Roberts Poinsett, the first Unitit States Meenister tae Mexico, who introduced the plant intae the Unitit States in 1825.

## References
Tropics

The **tropics** is a region o the Yird surroonding the Equator. It is leemitit in latitude bi the Tropic o Cancer in the northren hemisphere at &nbsp;N an the Tropic o Capricorn in the soothren hemisphere at &nbsp;S; these latitudes correspond tae the axial tilt o the Yird. The tropics are an aa referred tae as the **tropical zone** an the **torrid zone** (see geografical zone). The tropics include aw the auries on the Yird whaur the Sun reaches a subsolar pynt, a pynt directly owerheid at least ance durin the solar year. 

The tropics are distinguished frae the other climatic an biomatic regions of Yird, the middle latitudes an the polar regions on either side o the equatorial zone.
Subtropics

The **subtropics** are geografic an climate zones locatit roughly atween the tropic circle o latitude (the Tropic o Cancer an Tropic o Capricorn) an the 35t parallel in each hemisphere. Subtropical climate regimes can exist at heich elevations within the tropics, sic as athort the Mexican Plateau an in Vietnam an Taiwan.  Sax climate classifications utilize the term tae help define the various temperatur an precipitation regimes for the planet Yird.  Aicht months o the year within the subtropics hae an average temperatur at or abuin , wi thair cauldest month averagin atween .

A great portion o the warld's deserts are locatit within the subtropics, due tae the development o the subtropical ridge.  Within savanna regimes in the subtropics, a wet saison is seen annually during the simmer, which is when maist o the yearly rainfaw faws.  Within Mediterranean climate regime, the wet saison occurs during the winter.  Auries borderin wairm oceans are prone tae locally hivy rainfaw frae tropical cyclones, which can contribute a signeeficant percentage o the annual rainfaw.  Plants sic as date paums, citrus, mango, litchi, an avocado are grown within the subtropics.  Tree ferns an sequoia an aa grow within subtropical climate regimes.
Köppen climate clessification

The **Köppen climate clessification** is ane o the maist widely uised climate clessification seestems. It wis first published bi Roushie German climatologist Wladimir Köppen in 1884, wi several later modifications bi Köppen himsel, notably in 1918 an 1936. Later, German climatologist Rudolf Geiger collaborated wi Köppen on chynges tae the clessification seestem, which is thus sometimes referred tae as the **Köppen&ndash;Geiger climate clessification seestem**.
The seestem is based on the concept that native vegetation is the best expression o climate. Thus, climate zone boundaries hae been selectit wi vegetation distribution in mind. It combines average annual an monthly temperaturs an precipitation, an the saisonality o precipitation.

## References
Vegetation

**Vegetation** is general plant life an the grund cover providit bi plants.  Vegetation haes na parteecular taxa, life furms, structur, spatial extent, or ony ither specific botanical or geografic characteristics. It is broader nor *[[Flora (plants)|flora]]* which refers exclusively tae species composeetion. Aiblins the closest synonym is plant community, but *vegetation* can, an eften daes, refer tae a wider range o spatial scales nor that term daes, includin scales as lairge as the global.  Primeval reidwid forests, coastal mangrove stands, sphagnum bogs, desert sile crusts, roadside weed patches, wheat fields, cultivatit gairdens an lawns; aw are encompassed bi the term *vegetation*.
Mangifera

***Mangifera*** is a genus o flouerin plants in the cashew faimily, Anacardiaceae. It contains approximately 69 species, wi the best-kent bein the Common Mango (*[[Mangifera indica]]*). The centre o diversity is in subtropical an tropical sootheast Asie, while the heichest nummer o species occur in the Malay Peninsula, Borneo, an Sumatra. Thay are generally canopy trees in lawland rainforests, reachin a hicht o .

## References
Euphorbia

***Euphorbia*** is a genus o flouerin plants belangin tae the faimily Euphorbiaceae. Consistin o 2008 species, *Euphorbia* is the fowerth lairgest genus o flouerin plants; it an aa haes ane o the lairgest ranges o chromosome counts, alang wi *[[Rumex]]* an *[[Senecio]]*. Members o the faimily an genus are commonly referred tae as **spurges**. *[[Euphorbia antiquorum]]* is the type species for the genus *Euphorbia*; it wis describit bi Carl Linnaeus in 1753 in *[[Species Plantarum]]*. The faimily is primarily foond in the tropical an subtropical regions o Africae an the Americas, but an aa in temperate zones warldwide. Succulent species oreeginate maistly frae Africae, the Americas an Madagascar. Thare exists a wide range o insular species: on the Hawaiian Islands, whaur spurges are collectively kent as "akoko", an on the Canary Islands as "tabaibas".

## References
Rumex

The **docks** an **[[sorrel]]s**, genus ***Rumex*** L., are a genus o aboot 200 species o annual, biennial an perennial yerbs in the buckwheat faimily Polygonaceae.

Members o this faimily are very common perennial yerbs growin mainly in the northren hemisphere, but various species hae been introduced almaist everywhaur.

Some are nuisance weeds (an are whiles cried dockweed or dock weed), but some are grown for thair edible leaves.

*Rumex* species are uised as fuid plants bi the larvae o a nummer o Lepidoptera species - see leet o Lepidoptera that feed on Rumex.

## References
Alismatales

**Alismatales** is an order o flouerin plants includin aboot 4500 species. The maist feck o plants in this order are tropical or aquatic.

## References
Procellariiformes

**Procellariiformes** is an order o seabirds that comprises fower faimilies: the albatrosses, petrels an shearwaters, storm petrels, an divin petrels. Umwhile cried **Tubinares** an still cried **tubenoses** in Inglis, thay are eften referred tae collectively as the **[[petrel]]s**, a term that haes been applied tae aw Procellariiformes, or mair commonly aw the faimilies except the albatrosses. Thay are almaist exclusively pelagic (feedin in the open ocean), an hae a cosmopolitan distribution athort the warld's oceans, wi the heichest diversity bein aroond New Zealand.

## References
Tarmigan

The **Tarmigan** (**) is a middlin-sized gemmebird in the grouse faimily. In Japan it is kent as the raichou (雷鳥), whilk means 'thunder bird.' It is the offeecial bird o Toyama Prefecture an is a protectit species naitionwide.

## References
Eurasie teal

The **Eurasie teal** or **common teal** (*Anas crecca*) is a common an widespread deuk which breeds in temperate Eurasie an migrates sooth in winter. The Eurasie teal is eften cried simply the **Teal** due tae bein the anly ane o thir smaa dabblin deuks in much o its range. The bird gies its name tae the blue-green colour teal.

It is a heichly gregarious deuk ootside the breedin saison an can furm lairge flocks. It is commonly foond in sheltered wetlands an feeds on seeds an aquatic invertebrates. The North American Green-winged Teal (*A.&nbsp;carolinensis*) wis umwhile (an whiles is still) considered a subspecies o *A.&nbsp;crecca*.

## References
Mandareen

The **Mandareen Deuk** (*Aix galericulata*), or juist **Mandareen**, is a medium-sized, East Asie perchin deuk, closely relatit tae the North American Wid Deuk. It is 41–49&nbsp;cm lang wi a 65–75&nbsp;cm wingspan.

## References
Marta Eggerth

**Marta Eggerth** (17 Aprile 1912 &ndash; 26 December 2013) wis an actress an sangster frae Hungary, wha later lived in the Unitit States, an lived tae the age o 101.

## References

## Freemit airtins
* "The CPR Interview: William Jay Smith", ''The Contemporary Poetry Review''
* The William Jay Smith Papers at Washington University in St. Louis 
* "William Jay Smith", ''2004 National Book Festival''
Idris o Libie

**Idris**, GBE (), forby kent as **King Idris I o Libie** (born El Sayyid *Prince Muhammad Idris bin Muhammad al-Mahdi as-Senussi* 12 Mairch 1889 – 25 Mey 1983), wis the first an anely king o Libie, reignin frae 1951 til 1969, an the Chief o the Senussi Muslim order. Whilk in Turkey fur medical treatment, Idris wis deponed in a 1969 coup d'etat bi airmy afficers led bi Muammar Gaddafi.

## References
Cyrenaica

**Cyrenaica** ( ; , efter the ceety o Cyrene;  **'; [[Berber leid|Berber]]: **') is the eastren coastal region o Libie.
Kent sae *Pentapolis* an aa in antiquity, it wis pairt o the Creta et Cyrenaica province during the Roman period, later dividit in *Libia Pentapolis* an  *Libia Sicca*. During the Islamic period, the aurie came tae be kent sae *Barqa*, efter the ceety o Barca.

Cyrenaica wis the name o an admeenistrative diveesion o Italian Libie frae 1927 till 1943, then unner Breetish militar an ceevil admeenistration frae 1943 till 1951, an finally in the Kinrick o Libie frae 1951 till 1963. In a wider sense, which is still uised, Cyrenaica eiks aw o the eastren pairt o Libie, includin the Kufra Destrict. Cyrenaica is adjacent tae Tripolitania in the northwast an Fezzan in the soothwast. The region that uised tae be Cyrenaica offeecially till 1963 is nou dividit up intae mony shabiyat, the admeenistrative diveesions o Libya).

Cyrenaica wis the birthplace o the Libie ceevil war, an wis lairgely unner the control o the Naitional Transeetional Cooncil for maist o the war; thair heidquarters wur in Benghazi.

## References