open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
John R. Bolton

**John Robert Bolton** (born November 20, 1948) is an American lawyer an diplomat who haes served in several Republican admeenistrations. Appyntit on a recess appyntment, he served as the U.S. ambassador tae the Unitit Naitions frae August 2005 till December 2006. He resigned in December 2006, when the recess appyntment wad hae itherwise endit, acause he wis unlikely tae win senate confirmation.

Bolton is currently a senior fellae at the American Enterprise Institute (AEI), frequent op-ed contreibutor tae the Wall Street Journal an the Naitional Review, Fox News Channel commentator, an o coonsel tae the law firm Kirkland & Ellis, in thair Washington D.C. affice. He wis a foreign policy adviser tae 2012 presidential candidate Mitt Romney. He is an aa involved wi a broad assortment o ither conservative thynk tanks an policy institutes, includin the Jewish Institute for Naitional Security Affairs (JINSA), Project for the New American Century (PNAC), AEI, Institute o East-West Dynamics, National Rifle Association, U.S. Commission on Internaitional Releegious Freedom, an the Cooncil for Naitional Policy (CNP). Kent for his strang views on foreign policy, eften equatin diplomacy wi weakness an indecisiveness, Bolton is eften describit as a neoconservative, tho he personally rejects the term.

## References

## Freemit airtins
* Profile  at American Enterprise Institute
* Profile  at *RightWeb*
* 
** C-SPAN ''Q&A'' interview wi Bolton, November 4, 2007
* 
* 
* 
* The Creation, Fall, Rise, an Faw o the Unitit Naitions  John Bolton's chapter frae the Cato Institute beuk, *Delusions of Grandeur: The United Nations and Global Intervention*
* John Bolton interviewed bi Jon Stewart on "The Daily Show" frae Mairch 20, 2007 
* John Bolton interview bi Neal Conan on Talk o the Naition, Mey 1, 2007
* Audio interview wi Naitional Review Online  an airticle
Susan Rice

**Susan Elizabeth Rice** (born November 17, 1964) is a U.S. diplomat, umwhile Brookings Institution fellae, umwhile Unitit States Ambassador tae the Unitit Naitions, an umwhile Naitional Security Adviser. Rice served on the staff o the Naitional Security Cooncil an as Assistant Secretary o State for African Affairs durin Preses Bill Clinton's seicont term. Rice wis confirmed as UN ambassador bi the U.S. Senate bi unanimous consent on Januar 22, 2009.

Rice's name wis mentioned as a possible replacement for reteerin Secretar o State Hillary Clinton in 2013 efter Preses Barack Obama's November 2012 re-election, but on December 13,  follaein ongangin controversy relatit tae the 2012 Benghazi attack on the U.S consulate, she annoonced that she wis widrawin her name frae consideration sayin that if nominatit "the confirmation process would be lengthy, disruptive, and costly".

Rice succeedit Tom Donilon as Naitional Security Adviser on Julie 1, 2013.

## References
Condoleezza Rice

**Condoleezza Rice** (; born November 14, 1954) is an American poleetical scientist an diplomat. She served as the 66t  Unitit States Secretar o State, an wis the seicont person tae hauld that affice in the admeenistration o Preses George W. Bush. Rice wis the first female African-American secretar o state, as well as the seicont African American (efter Colin Powell), an the seicont woman (efter Madeleine Albright). Rice wis Preses Bush's Naitional Security Advisor durin his first term, makin her the first woman tae serve in that poseetion. Afore jynin the Bush admeenistration, she wis a professor o poleetical science at Stanford Varsity whaur she served as Provost frae 1993 tae 1999. Rice an aa served on the Naitional Security Cooncil as the Soviet an Eastren Europe Affairs Advisor tae Preses George H.W. Bush durin the dissolution o the Soviet Union an German reunification.

Follaein her confirmation as Secretar o State, Rice pioneered the policy o Transformational Diplomacy, wi a focus on democracy in the Greater Middle East. Her emphasis on supportin democratically electit govrenments faced challenges as Hamas captured a popular majority in Palestinian elections, an influential kintras includin Saudi Arabie an Egyp maintained authoritarian seestems wi U.S. support. While Secretar o State, she chaired the Millennium Challenge Corporation's board o directors.

In March 2009, Rice returned tae Stanford Varsity as a poleetical science professor an the Thomas an Barbara Stephenson Senior Fellae on Public Policy at the Hoover Institution. In September 2010, Rice acame a faculty member o the Stanford Graduate Schuil o Business an a director o its Global Center for Business an the Economy.

## References

## Further reading
* Burke, John P. "The Contemporary Presidency: Condoleezza Rice as NSC advisor: a case study of the honest broker role". *Presidential Studies Quarterly* 35.3 (2005): 554–575.
Democrats (Brazil)

The **Democrats** (, DEM) is a far-richt poleetical pairty in Brazil, which is considered the main pairty within the richt-wing spectrum. It wis foondit in 1985 unner the name o **Liberal Front Pairty** (*Partido da Frente Liberal*, PFL) frae a dissidence o the defunct Democratic Social Pairty (PDS), successor tae the Naitional Renewal Alliance (Arena), the offeecial party durin the militar dictatorship o 1964-1985. It chynged tae its current name in 2007. The oreeginal name reflectit the pairty's support o free market policies, rather than the identification wi internaitional liberal pairties. Instead, the pairty affiliatit itself tae the internaitional federations o Christian democratic (CDI) an conservative pairties (IDU). The Democrats' identification nummer is 25 an its colours are green, blue, an white.

## References

## Freemit airtins
* Democrats offeecial wabsteid
Pairty o the Democratic Revolution

The **Party o the Democratic Revolution** (, **PRD**) is a social democratic poleetical pairty in Mexico an ane o twa Mexican affiliates o the Socialist International. The PRD is a member o the Broad Progressive Front alliance.

## References
Fowk's Action Pairty

The **Fowk's Action Pairty** (abbrev: **PAP**; ; ; ) haes been Singapore's rulig poleetical pairty syne 1959. It is ane o the twa major pairties in Singapore, the ither bein the Wirkers' Pairty.

Syne the 1963 general elections, the PAP haes dominatit Singapore's parliamentary democracy an haes been central tae the ceety-state's rapid poleetical, social, an economic development. However, it has been criticized for the passin o laws that suppress free speech an ither ceevil liberties.

In the 2011 Singapore general election, the PAP wan 81 o the 87 constituency elected (99 tot) seats in the Parliament o Singapore while receivin 60.14% o tot votes cast, the lawest share garnered syne unthirldom.

## References
PAIS Alliance

**PAIS Alliance**—''—is a socialist poleetical movement in Ecuador led bi the incumbent Preses o Ecuador Rafael Correa.

## References
Christian Democratic Union (Germany)

The **Christian Democratic Union o Germany** (, **CDU**; ) is a Christian democratic an liberal-conservative poleetical pairty in Germany. It is the major catch-aw pairty o the centre-richt in German politics. Alang wi its Bavarie sister pairty the Christian Social Union o Bavarie (CSU), the CDU forms the CDU/CSU groopin (cried the Union an aa) in the Bundestag.

The leader o the pairty, Armin Laschet.  The CDU is a member o the European Fowk's Pairty (EPP) an sits in the EPP Groop in the European Parliament.  Internaitionally, the CDU is a member o the Centrist Democrat Internaitional an the Internaitional Democrat Union. The CDU is the seicont lairgest poleetical pairty in Germany.

## References
Aruküla

**Aruküla** is a smaw burgh () in Harju Coonty, northren Estonie. It is the admeenistrative centre o Raasiku Pairish. As o 2013 the dounset's population wis 2,016. Aruküla is 25 kilometres sootheast o Tallinn, Estonie.

## References

## Freemit airtins
*Raasiku Pairish
Raasiku Pairish

**Raasiku Pairish** () is a landwart municipality in Harju Coonty, north-wastren Estonie. The population o Raasiku Pairish is 4,738

The admeenistrative centre o Raasiku Pairish is Aruküla burgh (), wi a population o 2,016. Thare is 1 smaw burghs () an aw: Raasiku, wi a population o 1,340 an 13 veelages () in the pairish: Härma, Igavere, Järsi, Kalesi, Kiviloo, Kulli, Kurgla, Mallavere, Peningi, Perila, Pikavere, Rätla, Tõhelgi.
The current mayor (**) is Aare Ets.

## Twin touns — Sister ceeties
* Norberg Municipality, Swaden

## Gallery

Arukyla_Mois.jpg|Aruküla
Harju-Jaani_kirik2.jpg|Raasiku
Kiviloo mõisa peahoone.jpg|Kiviloo


## References

## Freemit airtins
* Offeecial wabsteid (available anerlie in Estonie)
Japanese general election, 2012

A **[[Elections in Japan|general election]]** wis held in Japan on 16 December 2012. Voters gae the Liberal Democratic Pairty a landslide victory, ejectin the Democratic Pairty o Japan frae pouer efter three years. It wis the fowert worst defeat suffered bi a rulin pairty in Japanese history. 

Votin teuk place in aw representatives' constituencies o Japan includin proportional blocks, in order tae appynt Members o Diet tae seats in the Hoose o Representatives, the lawer hoose o the Naitional Diet o Japan. This wis the  in Japan syne 1869. 

In Julie 2012 it wis reportit that the deputy prime meenister Katsuya Okada haed approached the Liberal Democratic Pairty tae soond them oot aboot dissolvin the hoose o representatives an hauldin the election in Januar 2013.  An agreement wis reached in August tae dissolve the Diet an hauld early elections "shortly" follaein the passage o a bill tae raise the naitional consumption tax. It wis reportit that as the result o introducin the consumption tax tae repay the Japan public debt, the DPJ lost aroond 75% o its pre-election seats.

## References
Michael Ansara

**Michael Ansara** (15 Aprile 1922 &ndash; 31 Julie 2013) wis an actor frae Americae. He wis kent for his role as Mr. Freeze in **.
Frank Lautenberg

**Frank Raleigh Lautenberg** (23 Januar 1923 &ndash; 3 Juin 2013) wis a senator frae Americae. He wis senator o New Jersey frae 1982 frae 2013.

## References
Robert Byrd

**Robert Byrd** (**Robert Carlyle Byrd**; 20 November 1917 &ndash; 28 Juin 2010) wis a senator from America. He wis senator of West Virginia from 1955 to 2010.

## References
Daniel Inouye

**Daniel Inouye** (**Daniel Ken "Dan" Inouye**; 7 September 1924 &ndash; 17 December 2012) wis a senator frae Americae. He wis senator o Hawaii frae 1963 tae 2012.

## References
Richard Lugar

**Richard Lugar** (**Richard Green "Dick" Lugar**; 4 Aprile 1932 - 28 Aprile 2019) wis a senator frae the Unitit States. He wis senator o Indiana frae 1977 tae 2013.
Mitch McConnell

**Mitch McConnell** (**Addison Mitchell "Mitch" McConnell**; 20 Februar 1942) wis a senator frae America. He is senator of Kentucky syne 1985.

## References
Patrick Leahy

**Patrick Leahy** (**Patrick Joseph "Pat" Leahy**; 31 Mairch 1940) is a umwhile senator frae America. He wis senator of Vermont frae 1975 tae 2023, when he reteert an wis succeedit bi Peter Welch. He wis Vermont's first Democratic Pairty US senator.
Dick Durbin

**Dick Durbin** (**Richard Joseph "Dick" Durbin**; 21 November 1944) wis a senator frae America. He is senator o Illinois syne 1997.
Harry Reid

**Harry Reid** (**Harry Mason Reid**; 2 December 1939 - 28 December 2021) wis a senator fae Americae. He wis senator o Nevada fae 1987 til 2017.
John Kerry

**John Kerry** (**John Forbes Kerry**; 11 December 1943) is the Secretar o State o Americae an wis a senator frae Americae. He wis senator o Massachusetts frae 1985 tae 2013. He wis the Democratic nominee in the 2004 presidential election, losin tae Republican incumbent Preses George W. Bush an aw.
Mike Kellogg

**Mike Kellogg** (**Michael Kellogg**; 27 September 1941 - 25 Juin 2023) wis the senior announcer for *Music Through the Night*. He has won a Media Award. Kellogg wis born in Cedarville, Ohio.
Chamber o Deputies (Italy)

The **Chamber of Deputies** () is a hoose o the bicameral Pairlament o Italy (the ither bein the Senate o the Republic). The twa hooses thegither furm a perfect bicameral seestem, meanin thay perform identical functions, but dae so separately. Pursuant tae airticle 56 the Italian Constitution, the Chamber o Deputies haes 630 seats, o which 618 are electit frae Italian constituencies, an 12 frae Italian ceetizens livin abroad. Deputies meet in the Palazzo Montecitorio.

Established in 1948, it takes up the similar body inherited from the Kingdom of Italy in 1861 known until the Unification as the Chamber of Deputies of the Kingdom of Sardinia and which in 1939 was suppressed by Fascism to be replaced by the Chamber of Fasci and Corporations.  After the fall of fascism during the Second World War and the consequent transformation of Italy into a republic at the end of the conflict, the new Constitution of 1948 restored the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate of the Republic with a view to creating a perfect bicameral system. The Chamber is made up of 630 members elected with a mixed majority / proportional system;  with the constitutional law of 2019, confirmed by referendum on 20 September 2020, its consistency was changed to 400 members;  the change is destined to come into force on the first electoral deadline for the renewal of the parliament. Like the Senate, the House is normally elected every five years except in cases of election before the deadline;  to 2021 it is in its eighteenth parliamentary term and is chaired by the deputy Roberto Fico since 24 March 2018.
Charlotte (gien name)

**Charlotte** is a female gien name, a female furm o the male name Charles.

These weemen are uisually identified as **Charlotte** wi an appendit teetle rather than a surname:
*Charlotte Stuart, Duchess o Albany
*Charlotte, Grand Duchess o Luxembourg
*Charlotte, Princess Ryal, later Queen Charlotte o Württemberg
*Charlotte o Belgium, Empress o Mexico
*Charlotte o Cyprus, Jerusalem an Armenie, Queen
*Charlotte o Mecklenburg-Strelitz ("Queen Charlotte"), the queen consort o George III
*Charlotte o Savoy, wife o Louis XI o Fraunce
*Charlotte Amalie o Hesse-Cassel (or Hesse-Kassel), Queen o Denmark
*Princess Charlotte, Duchess o Valentinois, Princess o Monaco
*Charlotte Casiraghi, fowert in line tae the Monegasque throne efter her mither, Caroline, Princess o Hanover
*Princess Charlotte Augusta o Wales, anly legitimate child o George IV o the Unitit Kinrick
*Archduchess Charlotte o Austrick
*Amber O'Neal, a professional wrestler, who haes an aa performed unner the ring name Charlotte
*Princess Charlotte (disambiguation), several weemen wi the name
*Queen Charlotte (disambiguation), several weemen wi the name

## Notable fowk named Charlotte
*Charlotte Armstrong, American author
*Charlotte Arnold, actress
*Charlotte Beers, American businesswoman an umwhile Unner Secretar o State
*Charlotte Brontë, Inglis author (generally recognized for Jane Eyre)
*Charlotte Bunch, activist an author
*Charlotte Caffey, muisician (umwhile o The Go-Go's)
*Charlotte Church, muisician
*Charlotte Corday, revolutionary an assassin
*Charlotte de Sauve, noblewoman, mistress an spy
*Charlotte Dod, Inglish athlete
*Charlotte Forten Grimké, anti-slavery activist an eddicator
*Charlotte Gainsbourg, actress an singer
*Charlotte Harris (airtist), paunter
*Charlotte Hatherley, Inglis muisician
*Charlotte Hawkins Brown, American educator
*Charlotte Jackson, Breetish telly presenter an journalist
*Charlotte Lennox, Inglish author an poet
*Charlotte Lewis, Inglish actress
*Charlotte Martin, muisician
*Charlotte Perkins Gilman, American writer an socialist
*Charlotte Sally Potter, film director an screenwriter (kent as Sally Potter)
*Charlotte Rae, actress an comedienne
*Charlotte Rampling, actress
*Charlotte Rhead, ceramics airtist
*Charlotte Salt, *[[Casualty (TV series)|Casualty]]* actress
*Charlotte Salomon, German artist
*Charlotte Schreiber, Canadian airtist an illustrator
*Charlotte Scott, Breetish mathematician
*Charlotte Teske, athlete
*Charlotte Tilbury, mak-up airtist
*Charlotte Turner Smith, Inglis poet an novelist
*Charlotte Uhlenbroek, Breetish zoologist an telly presenter
Filippoi

**Filippoi** (), is a veelage an a umwhile municipality in the Kavala regional unit, East Macedonie an Thrace, Greece. Syne the 2011 local govrenment reform it is pairt o the municipality Kavala, o which it is a municipal unit. The 2001 census reportit a population o 10,827 for the municipal unit an 896 for the veelage. The ruins o auncient Philippi are locatit in the municipal unit.

The maist important cultural event o the toun is its annual festival, held syne 1957.  It taks place in the Auncient Theatre o Filippoi durin the heich saison wi auncient an modern performances, ballets an concerts bi theatrical troupes, orchestras an baunds.

This auncient Greek theatre dates tae 357 B.C. It wis first restored in 1957 bi Dimitris Lazaridis wi a view o hauldin the festival.

## Twin ceeties
*  **[[Čačak]]**, Serbie

## References
Kavala (regional unit)

**Kavala** () is ane o the regional units o Greece. It is pairt o the o East Macedonie an Thrace. Its caipital is the ceety o Kavala. Kavala regional unit is the eastmaist athin the geografical region o Macedonie.

## Geografie
The Pangaio muntains, reachin 1,957 m, are situatit in the wast. The neighbouring regional units are Serres tae the wast, Drama tae the north an Xanthi tae the east. The river Nestos flows alang the eastren border. Arable launds are locatit alang the coastline, in the north an in the east.

The regional unit haes a predominantly Mediterranean climate.

## Admeenistration

The regional unit Kavala is subdividit intae 3 municipalities. These are (number as in the map in the infobox):
*Kavala (1)
*Nestos (2)
*Pangaio (3)

### Prefectur

As a pairt o the 2011 Kallikratis govrenment reform, the umwhile Kavala Prefectur () wis transformit intae a regional unit athin the East Macedonie an Thrace region. The prefectur includit the island o Thasos an aw, which became a separate regional unit. At the same time, the municipalities wur reorganisit, accordin tae the table belaw.

Thasos wis an remained ane municipality.

### Provinces

*Province o Kavala - Kavala
*Province o Pangaio - Eleftheroupoli
*Province o Nestos - Chrysoupoli
*Province o Thasos - Thasos
*Note:* Provinces nae langer hauld ony legal status in Greece.

## Transport
*GR-2/E75, Via Egnatia, auld an new, SW, Cen., E
*GR-57, Cen., N
*GR-69, S on the island o Thasos

## See an aw
*Leet o dounsets in the Kavala regional unit

## References
French presidential election, 2012

A **presidential election** wis held in Fraunce on 22 Aprile 2012 (or 21 Aprile in some owerseas depairtments an territories), wi a seicont roond run-aff held on 6 Mey (or 5 Mey for those same territories) tae elect the Preses o Fraunce (who is an aa *ex officio* ane o the twa jynt heids o state o Andorrae, a sovereign state). The incumbent Nicolas Sarkozy wis runnin for a seicont successive an, unner the terms o the constitution, final term in the election.

The first roond endit wi the selection o François Hollande an Nicolas Sarkozy as seicont roond pairteecipants, as neither o them received a majority o votes cast in the first roond. Hollande wan the runaff wi 51.64% o the vote tae Sarkozy's 48.36%.

The presidential election wis follaeed bi a legislative election in Juin an wis the seicont tae featur candidates nae tae hae been in politics unner Charles de Gaulle.

## References
Ranomi Kromowidjojo

**Ranomi Kromowidjojo** (; Enhanced Spellin: **Ranomi Kromowijoyo**; born August 20, 1990 in Sauwerd, Netherlands) is a Dutch swimmer o mixed Dutch-Javanese Surinamese origin who mainly specialises in sprint freestyle events. She is a triple Olympic champion, winnin the gowd medal in the 4×100 m freestyle relay at the 2008 Olympics an in the 50 m freestyle an 100 m freestyle at the 2012 Olympics. As pairt o the Dutch team, she haulds the warld records in the 4×50 m freestyle relay on short coorse (25 m puil), an 4×100 m freestyle relay on lang coorse (50 m puil) an short coorse.

## References

## Freemit airtins
*Ranomi.nl (offeecial wabsteid)
*Ranomi.web-log.nl  (wablog)
*Sports Reference Profile 
*Lunnon 2012 Profile
Chuck Schumer

**Charles Ellis "Chuck" Schumer** (born 23 November 1950 in Brooklyn, New York) is a senator frae the Unitit States. He is senator for New York syne 1999, an Senate Minority leader syne 2017.
Orrin Hatch

**Orrin Hatch** (**Orrin Grant Hatch**; 22 Mairch 1934; deed 23 Aprile 2022) wis a senator frae Americae, representin the Republican Pairty. He wis senator o Utah frae 1977 tae 2019.
Kirsten Gillibrand

**Kirsten Gillibrand** (**Kirsten Elizabeth Rutnik Gillibrand**; 9 December 1966) is a senator frae the Unitit States. She is a Democratic senator for New York syne 2009.
Ernest Hollings

**Ernest Hollings** (**Ernest Frederick "Fritz" Hollings**; 1 Januar 1922 - 6 Aprile 2019) wis a senator frae the Unitit States. He wis senator o Sooth Carolina frae 1966 tae 2005, an Govrenor o Sooth Carolina frae 1959 tae 1963.
Leet o kintras bi population

This is a leet o independent kintras an inhabitit dependent territories—based on the ISO staundart ISO 3166-1—bi population. An aa gien in percent is each kintra's population compared tae the population o the warld, which accordin tae the Unitit States Census Bureau population clock is estimatit at 7.104 billion.

Accordin tae a separate estimate bi the Unitit Nations, warld population exceedit 7&nbsp;billion in October 2011. Auries that form integral pairts o sovereign states, sic as the kintras o the Unitit Kinrick, are coontit as pairt o the sovereign states concerned. Nae included are ither entities, sic as the European Union, that are nae sovereign states, an dependent territories that dae nae hae permanent populations, sic as various kintras' claims tae Antarctica.

Figures uised in this chart are based on the maist up tae date estimate or projections bi the naitional census authority whaur available, an are uisually roondit aff. Whaur updatit naitional data are nae available, figurs are based on the 2013 estimates bi the Population Diveesion o the Unitit Naitions Depairtment o Economic an Social Affairs. Acause the compiled figurs are nae collectit at the same time in every kintra, or at the same level o accuracy, the resultin numerical comparisons mey creaut misleadin conclusions. Furthermair, the addeetion o figures frae aw kintras mey nae equal the warld tot.

For a graphical version o this leet, see leet o kintras bi population (graphical). See an aa Leet o sovereign states an dependent territories bi population density an the leet o regional organisations bi population.

## Kintras

**Note:** Aw dependent territories are shawn in *italics*.

## See an aa

*Leet o countries bi population (Unitit Naitions)
*Leet o sovereign states an dependent territories bi population density
*Leet o continents bi population
*Leet o kintras bi refugee population
*Leet o kintras bi urban population
*Leet o regional organisations bi population
*Leet o releegious populations
*Leets o organisms bi population
*Warld population

**Heestorical**
*Leet o kintras bi population in 1900
*Leet o kintras bi population in 1907
*Leet o kintras bi population in 2000
*Leet o kintras bi population in 2005
*Leet o kintras bi population in 2010
*Leet o kintras bi past an futur population (1950–2050)

**Ceeties:**
*Warld's lairgest ceeties
*Leet o naitional caipitals bi population

***Leets o kintras bi population**
****Continental**
***Africae
***Asie
***Europe
***North Americae
***Oceanie
***Sooth Americae
****Intercontinental**
***Eurasie
***Americas
***Arab states
***Commonweel o Naitions
***Latin Americae
***Middle East
****Subcontinental**
***Caribbean islands
***European Union member states

## References an notes

## Freemit airtins
*United Nations Analytical Report for the 2004 revision of World Population Prospects  (the analytical report for the 2006 revision is nae available online)&nbsp;— includes details of methodology and soorces uised for the population estimates abuin.
Butterflee

A **butterflee** or **butterie** is maistlins a day-fleein insect o the order *Lepidoptera* that includes the butterflees an mochs. Like ither holometabolous insects, the butterflee's life cycle conseests o fower parts: egg, larvae, pupae an adult. Maist species is diurnal. Butterflees haes muckle, aften bricht coloured weengs, an kenspeckle, flauchterin flicht. Butterflees comprises the true butterflees (superfaimily *Papilionoidea*), the skippers (superfaimily *Hesperioidea*) an the moch-butterflees (superfaimily *Hedyloidea*). Aw the mony ither families 'ithin the *Lepidoptera* is cried mochs. The earliest kent butterflee fossils dates tae the mid Eocene epoch, 40–50 million year syne.
Sovetsk

**Sovetsk** mey refer tae:
*Sovetsk, Kaliningrad Oblast, a toun in Kaliningrad Oblast, Roushie: umwhile namit Tilsit
*Sovetsk, Kirov Oblast, a toun in Kirov Oblast, Roushie
*Sovetsk, Tula Oblast, a toun in Tula Oblast, Roushie
Sovetsky

**Sovetsky** (masculine), **Sovetskaya** (feminine), **Sovetskoye** (neuter), or **Sovetskiye** (plural) is somethin namit efter the Soviet Union.

*Sovetsky Destrict, several destricts in the kintras o the umwhile Soviet Union
*Sovetsky Okrug, various diveesions in Roushie
*Sovetsky Urban Dounset (or *Sovetskoye Urban Dounset*), several municipal urban dounsets in Roushie
*Sovetsky, Roushie (*Sovetskaya*, *Sovetskoye*), several inhabitit localities in Roushie
*Sovietskyi (*Sovetsky*), an urban-teep dounset in the Autonomous Republic o Crimea, Ukraine
*Sovetskiy, Kyrgyzstan, an urban-teep dounset in Kyrgyzstan
*Sovetsky Airport, an airport in Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug, Roushie
*Sovetskaya (Antarctic Research Station), the Soviet Antarctic research station
**Sovetskaya (loch), a loch in the Antarctic, unner the station
**Sovetskaya Muntain*, a muntain on Wrangel Island
*Sovetskaya metro station, a metro station o the Samara Metro, Samara, Roushie
*Sovetskoye Shampanskoye, a generic buist o spairklin wine
*Sovetskoye, Jalal-Abad, a veelage in Jalal-Abad Province, Kyrgyzstan
*Sovetskoe, Kemin, a veelage in Kemin Destrict, Kyrgyzstan

## See an aw
*Soviet (disambiguation)
*Sovetsk
Sovetsky Destrict

**Sovetsky Destrict** mey refer tae:
*Sovetsky Destrict, Roushie, name o several destricts an ceety destricts in Roushie
*Savyetski Destrict (*Sovetsky Destrict*), a ceety destrict o Minsk, Belaroushie
Cuchumuela Municipality

**Cuchumuela Municipality** or **Villa Gualberto Villarroel Municipality** is the fift municipal section o the Punata Province in the Cochabamba Depairtment, Bolivie. Its seat is Cuchumuela.

## Cantons

The municipality consists o anerlie ane canton, Cuchumuela Canton. It is identical tae the municipality.

## References

* Instituto Nacional de Estadistica de Bolivia
Cuchumuela

**Cuchumuela** or **Khuchumuela** is a location in the Cochabamba Depairtment in central Bolivie. It is the seat o the Cuchumuela Municipality, the fift municipal section o the Punata Province.

## References

* Instituto Nacional de Estadistica de Bolivia
Colomi

**Colomi** () is a locality in the Cochabamba Depairtment in central Bolivie. It is the seat o the Colomi Municipality, the seicont municipal section o the Chapare Province. At the time o census 2001 it haed a population o 3,699.

## References

## Freemit airtins
* Map o Chapare Province
Colcapirhua

**Colcapirhua** (hispanicisit spellin o native Quechua: *Qullqapirwa*, a place whaur things are stored) is a toun in the Cochabamba Depairtment in central Bolivie. It is the seat o the Colcapirhua Municipality, the fifth municipal section o the Quillacollo Province. 

## References

## Freemit airtins
* Instituto Nacional de Estadistica de Bolivia 
* MSN Map
Colcapirhua Municipality

**Colcapirhua Municipality** is the fift municipal section o the Quillacollo Province in the Cochabamba Depairtment, Bolivie. Its seat is Colcapirhua.

## Cantons
The municipality is dividit intae twa cantons. They are (their seats in parentheses):
* Colcapirhua Canton - (Colcapirhua)
* Santa Rosa Canton - (Santa Rosa)

## References

* Instituto Nacional de Estadistica de Bolivia
Epcot

**Epcot** is the seicont o fower theme pairks biggit at Walt Disney World in Bay Lake, Florida. It opened on October 1, 1982, an spans , mair nor twice the size o the Magic Kingdom pairk. Epcot is dedicatit tae the celebration o human achievement, namely technological innovation an internaitional culture, an is eften referred to as a "*Permanent Warld's Fair*."  In 2011, the pairk hostit approximately 10.83&nbsp;million guests, makin it the third maist veesitit theme pairk in the Unitit States, an saxt maist veesitit theme pairk in the warld.

The pairk is representit bi Spaceship Earth, a geodesic sphere that an aa serves as an attraction.

## References

## Freemit airtins
*Offeecial section within the Walt Disney Warld wabsteid
*
*Epcot Pairk Guide
Nurek Dam

The **Nurek Dam** (Tajik: Нерӯгоҳи обии Норак, *Nerūgohi obii Norak*, Tajiki for **Nurek Hydro-electric Station**) is an yird fill embankment dam on the Vakhsh River in the central Asian naition o Tajikistan. Construction o the dam began in 1961 an wis completit in 1980, when Tajikistan wis still a republic within the Soviet Union. At  it is currently the tawest man-made dam in the warld. The Rogun Dam, an aa alang the Vakhsh in Tajikistan, mey exceed it in size whan completit.

## References
Disney's Animal Kingdom

**Disney's Animal Kingdom** is the fowert o fower theme pairks biggit at the Walt Disney World Resort in Bay Lake, Florida, opened on Yird Day, Aprile 22, 1998. It is the lairgest single Disney, Disneyland theme pairk in the world, coverin  , an is an aa the first Disney theme pairk tae be themed entirely aroond ainimal conservation, a philosophy ance pioneered bi Walt Disney himsel. Disney's Animal Kingdom is accreditit bi the Association o Zoos an Aquariums an the Warld Association o Zoos an Aquariums, meanin thay hae met or exceediy the staundarts in eddication, conservation, an research. In 2011, the pairk hostit approximately 9.8 million guests, rankin it the fowert-maist veesitit amusement pairk in the Unitit States an seivent-maist veesited in the warld.

The pairk is representit bi The Tree of Life, a sculptit ,  airtifeecial tree.

## References

## Freemit airtins
*Offeecial section within the Walt Disney World wabsteid
*
*
Neuschwanstein Castle

**Neuschwanstein Castle**  (, , ) is a 19t-century Romanesque Revival pailace on a rugged hill abuin the veelage o Hohenschwangau near Füssen in soothwast Bavarie, Germany. The palace wis commissioned bi Ludwig II o Bavarie as a retreat an as an homage tae Richard Wagner. Ludwig paid for the palace oot o his personal fortun an bi means o extensive borrowin, nae wi Bavarie public funds (see belaw).

The palace wis intendit as a personal refuge for the reclusive keeng, but it was opened tae the payin public immediately efter his daith in 1886. Syne then ower 60 million fowk hae veesitit Neuschwanstein Castle. Mair nor 1.3 million fowk veesit annually, wi up tae 6,000 per day in the simmer. The palace has appeared prominently in several movies and was the inspiration for Disneyland's Sleeping Beauty's Castle an later, seemilar structurs.

## References
Chimborazo (volcano)

**Chimborazo** () is a currently inactive stratovolcano locatit in the Cordillera Occidental range o the Andes. Its last kent eruption is believed tae hae occurred aroond 550 AD.

Wi a peak elevation o , Chimborazo is the heichest muntain in Ecuador. It is the heichest peak in close proximity tae the equator. While Chimborazo is nae the heichest muntain bi elevation abuin sea level, its location alang the equatorial bulge maks its summit the farthest pynt on the Yird's surface frae the Yird's center.

## Notes


## References
Broadway, New York Ceety

**Broadway** () is a street in the U.S. state o New York.  Aiblins best kent for the portion that runs through the borough o Manhattan in New York Ceety, it actually runs  through Manhattan an The Bronx, exitin north frae the ceety tae run an addeetional  through the municipalities o Yonkers, Hastings-On-Hudson, Dobbs Ferry, Irvington, Tarrytown an terminatin north o Sleepy Hollow in Westchester Coonty.

It is the auldest north–sooth main thoroughfare in New York Ceety, datin tae the first New Amsterdam settlement. The name *Broadway* is the Inglis leeteral translation o the Dutch name, *Breede weg*. Broadway is kent warldwide as the heart o the American theatre industry.

## References
Horry Coonty, Sooth Carolina

**Horry Coonty** ( ) is a coonty in the Pee Dee region o the U.S. state o Sooth Carolina.  It haed a population o 269,291 at the 2010 census. It is locatit on approximately 100 mile north o Charleston, Sooth Carolina an is approximately 150 mile east o the State Caipital, Columbia, Sooth Carolina. The Coonty haes a tot aurie o , o which  is land an  (9.66%) is watter. The heichest pynt in the cointy is 124&nbsp;ft. abuin sea level.

## Transportation

### Airports
*Myrtle Beach Internaitional Airport (MYR)
*Grand Strand Airport - North Myrtle Beach (CRE)
*Conway-Horry Coonty Airport (HYW)
*Twin Ceety Airport - Loris (5J9)
*Green Sea Airport (S79)

### Mass transit
*The Coast RTA - Bus seestem operatin seven days a week, 364 days a year.  15 routes throughoot the **Horry Coonty**/Grand Strand aurie, includin Myrtle Beach, North Myrtle Beach, Surfside Beach, Garden City, Conway, Loris, an Aynor.

### Major highways
* Interstate 20 (futur)
* Interstate 73 (futur)
* Interstate 74 (futur)
*
*
* U.S. Route 76
* U.S. Route 378
* U.S. Route 501
* U.S. Route 701
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*

## References
MS Allure of the Seas

**[[Motor ship|MS]] ''Allure of the Seas*** is an  ained an operatit bi [[Royal Caribbean International]]. Thegether wi her [[sister ship]], [[MS Oasis of the Seas|*Oasis of the Seas*]], she haulds the record for the lairgest passenger ship ever constructit, altho *Allure* is  langer than *Oasis*, makin her technically the lairgest despite the fact that baith ships hae identical superstructurs. Designed unner the name "Project Genesis", she wis ordered frae [[Aker Finnyards]] in Februar 2006 an her construction began at the [[Perno shipyard]] in [[Turku]], [[Finland]], in Februar 2008. She wis named in Mey 2008 efter a contest wis held tae name her an her sister. The [[keel]] o *Allure of the Seas'' wis laid on 2 December 2008, shortly efter the shipyard haed been acquired bi STX Europe.

## References
MS Oasis of the Seas

**[[Motor ship|MS]] ''Oasis of the Seas*** is an , delivert tae its awner, [[Royal Caribbean International]], in October 2009. The first o her [[Oasis-cless cruise ship|cless]], she wis jyned bi her sister ship  in December 2010. Baith vessels cruise the Caribbean frae [[Port Everglades]] in [[Fort Lauderdale, Florida]]. She set a new record o carryin ower 6,000 passengers.

The ship cowed aw the  cruise ships (forby awned bi Royal Caribbean) tae acome the [[Leet o the warld's lairgest cruise ships|lairgest cruise ship in the warld]] at that time. She haes, housomever, syne been cowed bi *Allure of the Seas'', whilk is  langer, awtho this differ mey hae been caused bi different temperaturs whan the measurments wis made.

## References
Chūichi Nagumo

wis a Japanese  admiral in the Imperial Japanese Navy durin Warld War II an ane time commander o the *[[Kido Butai]]* (the carrier battle group). He committit suicide durin the Battle o Saipan.

## References
Ryugyong Hottle

The **Ryugyong Hottle** () (whiles anglicised as **Ryu-Gyong Hottle** or **Yu-Kyung Hottle**) is a 105-storey pyramid-shaped skyscraper unner construction in Pyongyang, North Korea. Its name ("caipital o willows") is ane o the historical names for Pyongyang an aw. The biggin is kent as the **105 Biggin** an aw, a reference tae its nummer o floors. Construction began in 1987 but wis halted in 1992 as North Korea entered a period o economic crisis efter the faw o the Soviet Union.

Efter 1992 the biggin stuid topped oot, but wioot ony windaes or interior fittins. In 2008 construction resumed.  In 2012, the exterior wis reportit tae be complete.  The openin o the hottle wis scheduled several times but postponed.

## References
Hideki Tojo

**Hideki Tōjō** (Kyūjitai: ; Shinjitai: ; **) (December 30, 1884&nbsp;– December 23, 1948) wis a general o the Imperial Japanese Airmy (IJA), the heid ane o the Taisei Yokusankai, an the 40t Prime Meenister o Japan throu maist o Warld War II, frae October 17, 1941 tae Julie 22, 1944. As Prime Meenister, he wis direct responsible for the attack on Pearl Harbor, that led tae the war atween Japan an the Unitit States, tho plannin for it had begun afore he entered office. Efter the end o the war, Tōjō wis reestit, sentenced tae deith for Japanese war crimes bi the Internaitional Militar Tribunal for the Far East, an wis hingit on December 23, 1948.
Mencius

**Mencius** (; maist acceptit dates: 372 – 289 BCE; ither possible dates: 385 – 303/302 BCE) wis a Chinese philosopher that is the maist weel kent Confucian efter Confucius hissel.

## References
Yasuhito Endō

is a Japanese fitbawer, wha currently plays for the J. League team Gamba Osaka. His aulder brither Akihiro, wha retirt in 2008, is an aa an umwhile profeesional fitbawer, an wis selectit as ane o Japan unner-23 naitional fitbaa team members played at 1996 Olympics. He is considered a cult hero at Gamba Osaka an the Japan Naitional Fitbaa Team. It is acause he haes formidable passin ability, leadership, an goal scorin ability. He is an aa kent for his excellent accuracy on free kicks an is revered as ane o Japan's maist creative midfielders o his generation, despite playin domestically in his hame kintra.

## References
Perama

**Perama** () is a port ceety an a suburb o Piraeus, Greece that lees on the soothwast edge o the Aegaleo muntains.  It creates the wastren terminus o the Port o Piraeus (Athens' port) an thare is a port that provides ferry services tae Salamis an aw. The toun haes anerly ane main road connectin Lambrakis an Ralli Avenues, alang wi the rest o Athens. Hintle o the commonty is rocky an muntainous.

Perama haes schuils, lyceums, gymnasia, banks, a polis station a post office, a seicontar soccer team namit Peramaikos F.C. an squares (*[[plateia|plateies]]*).

## Historical population

## See an aw
*Leet o dounsets in Attica

## References

## Freemit airtins
*Offeecial wabsteid
Württemberg

**Württemberg** is a historical region in soothwastren Germany. It became a duchy in 1495, electorate in 1803, kinrick (Europe's smawest) in 1806 an the republic in 1918 when the last king, William II o Württemberg, abdicatit. Syne 1952 it is pairt o Baden-Württemberg.

## See an aw
* Leet o rulers o Württemberg
* Kinrick o Württemberg
Balkans

The **Balkan Peninsulae**, popularly referred tae as **the Balkans**, is a geografical an cultural region o Sootheast Europe. The region haes its name frae the Balkan Muntains that stretch frae the east o Bulgarie tae the vera east o Serbie.

The region is maistly inhabitit bi Slavic ethnic groups (Bulgaries, Macedonies, Serbs, Croats, Gorani, Montenegrins, Bosniaks, Bunjevci), bi Romanies an aw, Greeks, Turks, Albanies, an ither ethnic groups which present minorities in certaint kintras lik Romani fowk (Gypsies), Aromanies, Ashkali etc. The lairgest releegion on the Balkans is Orthodox Christianity, follaeed bi Catholic Christianity  an Sunni Islam.

## References

## Freemit airtins
Tosa (dug)

The  is a breed o dug o Japanese origin that is considered rare.  It wis oreeginally bred in Tosa (present day Kōchi) as a fichtin dug an still is the day.

## Appearance
The Tosa varies considerably in size, wi the Japanese-bred dugs tendin tae be aboot hauf the size o those bred ootside the kintra. The Japanese breed generally weighs atween , while the non-Japanese breeders hae focused on dugs that weigh frae 130 tae 200&nbsp;lb (60 tae 100&nbsp;kg) an staund 24.5 tae 32&nbsp;inches (62 tae 82&nbsp;cm) at the withers. The coat is characterized bi its short an smuith appearance an is eften reid, brindle, or fawn. Occasionally it can be a dull black, but this is somewhat rare. Maintenance o the coat is uisually minimal.

## History

This breed oreeginatit in the seicont hauf o the nineteent century.  The breed stairtit frae the native Shikoku-Inu, an indigenous dug weighin aboot 25 kilograms (45 poonds) an staundin aboot 55 centimetres heich, which closely resembles the European Spitz.  These dugs wur crossed wi European dug breeds, such as the Auld Inglis Bulldug in 1872, Mastiff in 1874, St. Bernard, German Pynter in 1876,  Great Dane in 1924, an the Bull Terrier.  The aim wis tae breed a lairger, mair pouerful dug.  The heyday o Tosa breedin wis atween 1924 an 1933, when it was said that thare wur mair nor 5,000 Tosa breeders in Japan.

## References

# Fogle, Bruce, DVM (2000). *The New Encyclopedia of the Dog*. Doring Kindersley (DK). ISBN 0-7894-6130-7.
# Cunliffe, Juliette (2004). *The Encyclopedia of Dog Breeds*. Parragon Publishing. ISBN 0-7525-8276-3.
#  Australian customs web page on dog importation
#  Ireland.com report on Dublin City Council ban
#  The New Zealand Department of Internal Affairs rules on dog control
#  REGLUGERÐ um innflutning gæludýra og hundasæðis. As on the 24st of December 2010. Retrieved 24 December 2010
#  Hvaða hundar eða hundakyn eru bönnuð á Íslandi?  As on the 24st of December 2010. Retrieved 24 December 2010

## Freemit airtins
* Tosa Inu Information Pages
* Molosserworld's Tosa Inu Page 
* Mair Japanese dug breeds 
* Tosa Inu Information Pages
Dalmatian (dug)

The **Dalmatian** () is a breed o dug whose ruits trace back tae Croatie (an its historical region o Dalmatia), whaur the first illustrations o the dug hae been foond. The Dalmatian is notit for its unique black or liver spotted coat an wis mainly uised as a carriage dug in its early days. The day, this dug remains a well-loved faimily pet, an mony dug enthusiasts enter thair pets intae the competitions o mony kennel clubs.

## References
1868

__NOTOC__
Year **1868** (**[[Roman numerals|MDCCCLXVIII]]**) wis a leap year stairtin on Wadensday (airt will display the full calendar) o the Gregorian Calendar an a leap year stairtin on Monanday o the 12-day slawer Julian calendar.

## See an aw

*:Category:1868 births
*:Category:1868 daiths
*Years o the XIXt an XXt Centuries
Maltese (dug)

The **Maltese** is a smaa breed o dug in the Toy Group. It descends frae dugs oreeginatin in the Central Mediterranean Aurie. The breed name an origins are generally unnerstuid tae derive frae the Mediterranean island naition o Maltae; houever, the name is sometimes describit wi reference tae the distinct Adriatic island o Mljet, or a defunct Maltese toun cried Melita.

## References
Olinguito

The **olinguito** ( ; / IPA [ˌoʊlɪŋˈɡiːtoʊ]; *Bassaricyon neblina*), which is Spainyie for "little olingo", is a mammal o the genus *[[Bassaricyon]]* in the faimily Procyonidae (the raccoon faimily). Its discovery was announced on 15 August 2013.

## References
Kinkajou

The **kinkajou** (*Potos flavus*) is a rainforest mammal o the faimily Procyonidae relatit tae olingos, coatis, raccoons, an the ringtail an cacomistle. It is the anly member o the genus *Potos* an is forby kent as the "Honey Bear" (a name that it shares wi the sun beir). Kinkajous mey be mistaken for ferrets or monkeys, but are nae closely relatit tae aither. Hamelt in Central Americae an Sooth Americae, this maistly frugivorous, arboreal mammal is nae an endangered species, tho it is seldom seen bi fowk acause o its strict nocturnal habits. Houiver, thay are huntit for the pet tred, for thair fur (tae mak wallets an horse saidles) an for thair meat. The species haes been includit in Appendix III o CITES bi Honduras, which means that exports frae Honduras require an export permit an exports frae ither kintras require a certificate o origin or re-export. Thay mey live up tae 40 years in captivity.

## Size and appearance
An adult kinkajou wechts . The adult body lenth is ; in addeetion tae body lenth, the tail lenth is . The kinkajou's wuilly fur consists o an ooter coat o gowd (or brounish-gray) owerlappin a gray unnercoat. It haes lairge een an smaa lugs. It haes short legs wi five taes on each fit an sharp claws an aw.

## References
Serval

The **serval**  (*Leptailurus serval*) is a middlin African wild cat. DNA studies hae shawn that the serval is closely relatit tae the African gowden cat an the caracal.

## References
Procyonidae

**Procyonidae** is a New Warld faimily o the order Carnivora. It includes the raccoons, coatis, kinkajous, olingos, olinguitos, ringtails an cacomistles. Procyonids inhabit a wide range o environments an are generally omnivorous.

## References
Viverridae

The **Viverridae** is a faimily o smaa tae middlin mammals, the **viverrids**, dealt intae 15 genera, that hae 33 species in total. This faimily wis named an first describit bi John Edward Gray in 1821.

Viverrids is fand outthrou the Oriental Region an even ayond it athort *[[Wallace's line]]*, athort Africae an passin intae soothren Europe. Thair occurrence in Sulawesi an in some o the adjynin isles shaws them tae be auncient indwallers o the tropics o the Auld Warld.

## References
Vredefort crater

**Vredefort crater** is the lairgest verified impact crater tae hae existed on Earth, mair nor 300&nbsp;km athort. It wis locatit in the present-day Free State Province o Sooth Africae an named efter the toun o Vredefort, which is situatit near its centre. While the crater itself haes lang syne erodit away, remainin geological structurs at its centre are kent as the **Vredefort Dome** or **Vredefort impact structur**. In 2005, the Vredefort Dome wis added tae the leet o UNESCO Warld Heritage Steids for its geologic interest.

## References
Sitatunga

The **sitatunga** or **marshbuck** (*Tragelaphus spekii*) is a swamp-dwellin antelope foond throughoot Central Africae, centerin on the Democratic Republic o the Congo, Cameroon an pairts o Soothren Sudan as well as in Ghana, Botswana, Zambie, Gabon, Tanzanie, Uganda an Kenyae.

## References
Gemsbok

The **gemsbok** or **gemsbuck** (*Oryx gazella*) is a muckle antelope in the *[[Oryx]]* genus. It is hamelt in the arid regions o Soothren Africae, sic as the Kalahari Desert. Some authorities umwhile includit the East African oryx as a subspecies. The current gemsbok population in Sooth Africae is estimatit at 373,000 specimens.

## References
Lemuridae

**Lemuridae** is a faimily o prosimian primates hamelt in Madagascar, an ane o five taxonomical faimilies commonly kent as lemurs.

## References
Impala

The **impala** (*Aepyceros melampus*) is a middlin African antelope. Its hicht ranges atween  an it weighs atween .

It is foond in savannas an thick *[[bushveld]]* in Kenyae, Tanzanie, Swaziland, Mozambique, northren Namibie, Botswana, Zambie, Zimbabwe, soothren Angolae, northeastren Sooth Africae, an Uganda. It can be foond in nummers o up tae twa million.

## References
Frank País

**Frank País** (7 Dizember 1934 – 30 Julie 1957) wis a Cuban revolutionar who campaigned for the owerthrow o General Fulgencio Batista's government in Cuba. País wis the urban coordinator o the 26t o Julie Movement, an wis a key organizer athin the urban unnergrund muivement, collaboratin wi Fidel Castro's guerrilla forces which wur conductin activities in the Sierra Maestra muntains.     País wis killed in the streets o Santiago de Cuba bi the Santiago polis on 30 Julie 1957.

## References
;Notes

## Freemit airtins
*