19 October

The **19t o October** is the 292nt day o the year (293rd in lowp years) in the Gregorian Calendar, wi 73 days bidin.

## Events

* 1216 - Henry III o Ingland becomes Keeng agit nine.
* 1812 - Napoleon I retreats frae Moscow.
* 1813 - Napoleon I is defeatit at Leipzig, bi forces frae Roushie an Proushie.
* 1868 - The Peseta becomes the offeecial currency o Spain.
* 1870 - Breetish passenger steamer "Cambria" crashes intae rocks aff Ireland an sinks, killin 179 fowk.
* 1921 - The Portuguese Prime meenister an several offeecials are murthert in the Bloody Nicht coup.
* 1933 - Germany withdraws frae the League o Naitions.
* 1935 - Fascist Italy invades Ethiopie.
* 1954 - The Himalayan peak o Cho Oyu is climbed for the first time, bi an Austrick expedeetion.
* 1957 - Fitbaa: Celtic defeat Rangers 7-1 at Hampden Park in Glesga, in the League Cup feenal - the biggest margin o victory in an Auld Firm match.
* 1974 - The Paceefic island o Niue becomes a state wi free association wi New Zealand.
* 1987 - Black Monday o warld financial mercats, an heavy losses on the Dow Jones.
* 1991 - A yirdquauk kills 2,000 fowk in Northren Indie.
* 2001 - A fishin boat sinks aff Java, Indonesie, killin 353 fowk.
* 2002 - A referendum in the Republic o Ireland approves the Treaty o Nice.
* 2003 - Mither Teresa is beatified.
* 2005 - Umwhile Iraqi dictator Saddam Hussein goes on trial.
* 2008 - Republican Colin Powell endorses Democrat Barack Obama for Preses o the Unitit States ower John McCain.
* 2015 - Justin Trudeau's Liberal Pairty wins Canadae's general election, defeatin Stephen Harper's Conservatives.
* 2017 - A stick-shapit object cried 'Oumuamua is discoverit while traivellin through the Solar Seestem.
* 2018 - A train runs through a croud durin a Hindu festival in Amritsar, Indie, killin at least 60 fowk.
* 2018 - Unmanned European-Japanese spacecraft BepiColombo is launched on a 7-year journey tae the planet Mercur.
* 2018 - Saudi Arabie admits tae the daith o the jurnalist Jamal Khashoggi in its consulate in Istanbul, Turkey.
* 2019 - A splosion at a gowd mine at the Seiba river in Krasnoyarsk Krai, Siberie, Roushie, kills 15 fowk.
* 2019 - The Hoose o Commons o the Unitit Kinrick haulds its first Saiturday sittin syne 1982 in order tae debate the way forrit ower Brexit.

## Births

* 1433 - Marsilio Ficino, Italian humanist an philosopher (d. 1499)
* 1650 - Charles Erskine, 22nt Yerl o Mar, Scots nobleman (d. 1689)
* 1882 - Umberto Boccioni, Italian penter (d. 1916)
* 1899 - Miguel Ángel Asturias, Guatemalan writer (d. 1974)
* 1910 - Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar, Indie-American astropheesicist (d. 1995)
* 1918 - Robert Schwarz Strauss, American politeecian an diplomat (d. 2014)
* 1931 - John le Carré, Inglis writer
* 1940 - Michael Gambon, Erse-Inglis actor
* 1941 - Joe Gilroy, Scots fitbawer
* 1945 - Angus Deaton, Scots-American economist
* 1945 - John Lithgow, American actor
* 1946 - Philip Pullman, Inglis writer
* 1952 - Peter Bone, Inglis politeecian
* 1954 - Ken Stott, Scots actor
* 1962 - Evander Holyfield, American boxer
* 1969 - Trey Parker, American actor, producer an animator
* 1976 - Paul Hartley, Scots fitbawer
* 1981 - Heikki Kovalainen, Finnish racin driver
* 1984 - Luke Graham, Scots politeecian

## Daiths
* 1187 - Pape Urban III
* 1216 - John, Keeng o Ingland (b. 1166)
* 1745 - Jonathan Swift, Erse writer (b. 1667)
* 1749 - William Ged, Scots gowdsmith (b. 1699)
* 1935 - John Montagu Douglas Scott, 7t Duke o Buccleuch, Scots politeecian (b. 1864)
* 1936 - Lu Xun, Cheenese author (b. 1881)
* 1937 - Ernest Rutherford, New Zealand pheesicist (b. 1871)
* 1981 - Johnny Doyle, Scots fitbawer (b. 1951)
* 1999 - Nathalie Sarraute, French writer (b. 1900)
* 2003 - Alija Izetbegovic, Bosnie politeecian (b. 1925)
* 2014 - Lynda Bellingham, Canadian-Inglis actress (b. 1948)
* 2018 - Osamu Shimomura, Japanese biochemist (b. 1928)

## Halidays
* Constitution Day (Niue)
* Mither Teresa Day (Albanie)