open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Grevenbroich

**Grevenbroich** (; kent as the "Caipital o Energy") is a toun in the Rhein-Kreis Neuss, in North Rhine-Westphalie, Germany. It is situatit on the river Erft, approximately 15&nbsp;km soothwast o Neuss an 15&nbsp;km sootheast o Mönchengladbach. 

## Ceety destricts
Grevenbroich consists o the urban quairters an veelages: 
* Postal code 41515: 
** Allrath, Barrenstein, Elsen, Fürth, Gewerbegebiet-Ost, Laach, Neu-Elfgen, Noithausen, Orken, Stadtmitte, Südstadt
* Postal code 41516:
** Busch, Gruissem, Gubisrath, Hemmerden, Hülchrath, Kapellen, Langwaden, Mühlrath, Münchrath, Neubrück, Neukirchen, Neukircher Heide, Tüschenbroich, Vierwinden, Wevelinghoven 
* Postal code 41517: 
** Frimmersdorf, Gindorf (population 1,817), Gustorf, Neuenhausen, Neurath

## In Pop Cultur
Hape Kerkeling's fictional persona Horst Schlämmer haes said Grevenbroich will be the new caipital o Germany unner his govrenment.

## See an aw
* Frimmersdorf Pouer Station

## References

## Freemit airtins

* Offeecial steid
Leichlingen

**Leichlingen** is a toun in the Rheinisch-Bergischer Kreis, North Rhine-Westphalie, Germany. Leichlingen is a centre for aiple an berry growin in the region.

## Notable places
Near Leichlingen, thare are twa transmission touers: a guyed mast an a telecommunication touer biggit o reinforcit concrete. The concrete touer wis decommissioned in 2002.

## Twin touns
* Marly-le-Roi, Fraunce
* Henley-on-Thames, Unitit Kinrick
* Funchal, Portugal

## References
London Borough of Hammersmith and Fulham

The **London Borough of Hammersmith and Fulham** is a Lunnon burgh in Wast Lunnon, an forms pairt o Inner Lunnon. Traversed bi the east-wast main roads o the A4 Great West Road an the A40 Westway, mony internaitional corporations hae offices in the burgh.

## References
Southwark

**Southwark** (pronounced  ) is a destrict o Central Lunnon, Ingland, an the admeenistrative heidquarters o the London Borough of Southwark. Situatit  east o Charing Cross, it forms ane o the auldest pairts o Lunnon an fronts the River Thames tae the north. It historically formit an auncient burgh in the coonty o Surrey, made up o a number o parishes, which increasingly came unner the influence an jurisdiction o the Ceety o Lunnon. As an inner destrict o Lunnon, Southwark experiencit rapid depopulation durin the late 19t an early 20t centuries. It is nou at an advancit stage o regeneration an is the location o the City Hall offices o the Greater London Authority.

## References

## Freemit airtins
*
London Borough of Southwark

The **London Borough of Southwark**   is a Lunnon burgh in sooth east Lunnon, Ingland. It is directly sooth o the River Thames an the Ceety o Lunnon, an forms pairt o Inner Lunnon.

## History

Southwark got its name in the 9t century but wis first settled in the Roman period. The London Borough of Southwark wis formit in 1965 frae the umwhile aurie o the Metropolitan Borough of Southwark, the Metropolitan Borough of Camberwell, an the Metropolitan Borough of Bermondsey.

## Geografie
The burgh borders the Ceety o Lunnon an the London Borough of Tower Hamlets tae the north (the River Thames formin the bundary), the London Borough of Lambeth tae the wast an the London Borough of Lewisham tae the east. Tae the sooth are the London Borough of Bromley an the London Borough of Croydon.

## References
Ludwigsburg (destrict)

**Ludwigsburg** is a destrict (*Kreis*) in the middle o Baden-Württemberg, Germany. Neehbourin destricts are (frae north clockwise) Heilbronn, Rems-Murr, the destrict-free ceety Stuttgart, an the destricts Böblingen an Enz.

## History
The destrict dates back tae the *Oberamt Ludwigsburg*, which wis creatit bi the dukedom Württemberg in the beginnin o the 19t century. Efter several sma chynges durin the century, it wis convertit intae a destrict in 1938. Several municipalities o the dissolvit *Oberämter* Besigheim, Marbach an Waiblingen wur addit tae the newly formit destrict.

Durin the communal reform o 1973 the destrict gained aboot hauf o the dissolvit destrict Vaihingen, an some few municipalities frae the destricts Backnang an Leonberg.

## Geography
The main river in the destricts is the Neckar, which divides the destrict intae a big wastren pairt an a smawer eastren pairt.

## Pairtnerships
Stairtin in 1990 the destrict haes a pairtnership wi the destrict Chemnitzer Land in the Free State o Saxony. Even aulder is the pairtnership wi the region Upper Galilee in Israel.
Syne 1992 the destrict haes a pairtnershop wi the Hungarian Komitat Pest, housomeivver the offeecial signin o the pairtnership contract did tak place in 2002. A friendship exists wi the ceety Yichang in the province o Hubei, Cheenae.

## Coat o aims

## Touns an municipalities

## References

## Freemit airtins

*Offeecial wabsteid
Mannheim

is a ceety in soothwastren Germany. Wi aboot 315,000 indwallers, Mannheim is the seicont-lairgest ceety in the Bundesland o Baden-Württemberg, follaein the caipital ceety o Stuttgart.

Mannheim is locatit at the confluence o the River Rhine an the River Neckar in the northwastren corner o Baden-Württemberg. The Rhine separates Mannheim frae the ceety o Ludwigshafen, juist tae the wast o it in Rhineland-Palatinate. The border o Baden-Württemberg wi the Bundesland o Hesse is juist north o Mannheim, an Mannheim is juist dounstream alang the Neckar frae the ceety o Heidelberg.
Mannheim is the lairgest ceety o the Rhine-Neckar aurie, a metropolitan aurie wi aboot 2.4 million indwallers.

## Internaitional relations

### Twin towns – Sister ceeties
Mannheim is twinned wi:

## References

## Fremmit airtins

* Offeecial page o Mannheim
Sükhbaatar Province

**Sükhbaatar** () is ane o the 21 aimags o Mongolie, locatit in the east o the kintra. Its caipital is Baruun-Urt. It is namit efter Damdin Sükhbaatar.

## Population

## Transportation
The Baruun-Urt Airport (UUN/ZMBU) haes ane unpavit runwey an is servit bi regular flichts tae Ulan Bator.

## Admeenistrative Subdiveesion

The Aimag caipital Baruun-Urt is geographically locatit athin the Sühbaatar sum, but admeenistrated independently.

 - the aimag capital Baruun-Urt

## References
Govisümber Province

**Govisümber** (, literally Gobi-Sümber) is ane o the 21 aimags (provinces) o Mongolie. It is locatit in the centre o the kintra. Its caipital is Choir.

## Admeenistrative Subdiveesion

* - The aimag caipital Choir

## References
Süßen

**Süßen** is a toun in the destrict o Göppingen in Baden-Württemberg in soothren Germany. It is locatit on the river Fils 8&nbsp;km east o Göppingen, near Stuttgart.

## History
Süßen wis first mentioned wi the name o *Siezun* in the Lorsch codex in 1071. Großsüßen (*Greater Süßen*) wis at first in the possession o the coont o Helfenstein, who, in 1382 pledgit it tae the ceety o Ulm. Kleinsüßen (*Smawer Süßen*), on the ither haund, wis in the haunds o the faimily Pappenheim. Thay inheritit the land forrit tae the landlairds o Bubenhofen.

In frames o the Mediatization in 1802, Großsüßen wis gien tae Bavarie but in 1810 the lands wur gien back, in frames o an exchynge contract tae Württemberg. Kleinsüßen wis on the ither haund niver Bavarie land. Efter the exchynge, baith places, Groß- an Kleinsüßen wur assigned unner the Heid Office o Geislingen.

Wi the openins o the Fils Valley Railway in 1847, Kleinsüßen wis connectit tae the public transportation.

In 1933, the twa tounships, Großsüßen an Kleinsüßen wur unifeed an the dounset Süßen wis formit. The war reform in 1938 assigned the toun tae the region o Göppingen.

On 1 Julie 1996, Süßen obtained the title o toun.

## Releegions
In 1539 Protestantism wis offeecially introducit in Großsüßen, bein pairt o Ulm. Kleinsüßen, awned bi the Pappenheims, remained Roman Catholic.

## Population
The development o the population  

## Coat o airms an flag

The offeecial coat o airms contains a black-white pairt an three reid zig-zag lines. This shield became the offeecial coat o airms in 1933. The reid zig-zag lines represent the landlaurds o Bubenhofen, the umwhile land awners. The black-white pairt represents the connections tae Ulm. The reid-white banner o the toun wis gien on 13 Mairch 1958 bi the Meenistry o Internal Affairs.

## Pairtnerships
Süßen is a pairtner toun o the Hungarian Törökbálint. This connection wis established, when on 26 Februar 1946 the first Hungarian-Germans (266 o them) arrivit frae Törökbálint tae Süßen, chasit awa bi the Hungarian communists an the arrivin Soviets.

## Politics
Accordin tae the results o the communal elections on 13 Juin 2004, the proportions o the poleetical pouer in the Municipal Office are as follaes (showin the chynges tae the previous elections):

* The Conservatives: CDU 32,6&nbsp;% (−2,4) – 6 seats (=)
* The Democrats: FDP/AFW 27,4&nbsp;% (+3,5) – 5 seats (+1)
* The Socialists: SPD 23,8&nbsp;% (−6,8) – 4 seats (−2)
* The Liberals/Greens: GRÜNE 16,1&nbsp;% (+5,3) – 3 seats (+1)

## Events
* Easter Mercat
* *Schützenfest* on the weekend follaein 2 Juin
* Town Festival, *Stadtfest* on the weekend follaein 2 Julie
* Christmas mercat on Seturday afore the seicont advent

## Biggins

* A historic well in the toun centre. No really an "auld" well, but it represents the history o Süßen. The well itsel wis biggit in 1981, planned bi Emil Jo Homolka.
* The Gothic Ulrich Kirk
* The auld Gothic Maria Kirk
* The new Maria Kirk in Expressionistic style, biggit in 1929
* The memorial o the poet Johann Georg Fischer on the Heidenheimer street

## References

## Freemit airtins
* Offeecial Wab steid 
* Offeecial steid o the annual local festival
Esslingen (destrict)

**Esslingen** is a destrict (*Kreis*) in the centre o Baden-Württemberg, Germany. Neebourin destricts are (frae north clockwise) Rems-Murr-Kreis, Göppingen, Reutlingen, Böblingen an the destrict-free ceety Stuttgart.

## History
The destrict dates back to the *Oberamt Esslingen*, which was created when the previously free imperial city Esslingen became part of Württemberg in 1803. After several changes over the next century, it was converted into a destrict in 1938. Additionally, it was enlarged by adding several municipalities from the neighboring *Amtsoberamt Stuttgart*, *Oberamt Schorndorf*, *Kirchheim unter Teck* and *Göppingen*.

In 1973, the destrict was merged with the destrict Nürtingen (without Grafenberg). In 1975, two municipalities from the destrict Böblingen were added to give the destrict today's borders.

## Geography
The destrict is cut intae twa halves bi the river Neckar. The wast pairt is pairt o the *Filder* plain, while the east is pairt o the muntains o the Swabie Alb (*Schwäbische Alb*).

## Coat o airms

## Ceeties an touns

## References

## Freemit airtins

*Offeecial wabsteid 
*Ceety Portal
Langenfeld, Rhineland

**Langenfeld** is a toun in North Rhine-Westphalie (Germany) in the destrict o Mettmann.  The suburban ceety is locatit atween Düsseldorf an Cologne.  Langenfeld wis formit frae the twa localities o Richrath an Reusrath an receivit ceety richts in 1948.

## Internaitional relations

Langenfeld, Rhineland is twinned wi:

Senlis, Fraunce, Gostynin, Poland an Batangas Ceety, Philippines.

## Economics
Langenfeld haes nae public debt as o 3 October 2008.

### Transportation

Langenfeld is accessed bi nearbi heich-gates A 3, A 59 an A 542, as well as the *Bundesstrasse* (federal route) B8. The mainline railway frae Düsseldorf tae Cologne runs through the toun's aurie as well. Public transport is providit bi the S-Bahn line S6 an various bus lines operatin unner the umbrella o the VRR.

The nearest airports are Düsseldorf Internaitional (approx. 28&nbsp;km) an Cologne Bonn Airport (approx. 35&nbsp;km).

## References

## Freemit airtins

* German Wabsteid o the Ceety o Langenfeld (Rheinland)
Böblingen (destrict)

**Böblingen** is a destrict (*Kreis*) in the middle o Baden-Württemberg, Germany. Neeebourin destricts are (frae wast clockwise) Calw, Enz, Ludwigsburg, (destrict) Stuttgart, an the destricts Esslingen an Tübingen.

## History
The destrict wis creatit in 1938 as the successor o the *Oberamt Böblingen*, which dates back tae the duchy o Württemberg. In 1973 the majority o the destrict Leonberg as well as a few municipalities o the destrict Calw wur addit tae the destrict, an a few municipalities muivit tae the destrict Ludwigsburg.

## Geography
A pairt o the destrict is locatit in the Black Forest, ither landscapes covered are the *Oberes Gäu* an the *[[Schönbuch]]*. The heichest elevation is the 626 m heich *Kühlenberg* in the municipality Jettingen; the lawest pynt wi 315 m is in the valley o the Glems at the northren bundary o the destrict.

## Coat o airms

## Touns an municipalities

## References

## Freemit airtins

* Offeecial wabsteid  (German)
Haan

**Haan** is a toun in the Bergian destrict o Mettmann, in North Rhine-Westphalie, Germany.

## Geography
Haan is locatit close tae Düsseldorf. In 1975, Gruiten wis incorporatit intae Haan.

## Internautional relations

Haan is twinned wi:
*  Eu, Fraunce, syne 1967
*  Berik, Unitit Kinrick, syne 1982
*  Bad Lauchstädt, Germany, syne 1990
*  Dobrodzień, Poland, syne 2004

The local Gymnasium is twinned wi Liceo Scientifico o  Forte dei Marmi, Italy an aw.

## Economy
### Companies
* Emerson Electric Company 
* Discher Technik GmbH
* Anlagenbau Stampfer 
* Ostermann Furnitures
* Rockwell Automation
* Bohle Group
* Unipol Haan 

## References

## Freemit airtins
* Offeecial steid
Hilden

**Hilden** is a ceety in the German state o North Rhine-Westphalie. It is situatit in the Destrict o Mettmann,  wast o Solingen an  east o Düsseldorf on the richt side o the Rhine. It is a middle sized industrial toun wi a forest an numerous attractions.

The Mayor is Birgit Alkenings, who teuk office in 2014. She wis a candidate o the Social Democratic Pairty o Germany (SPD).

## Pairtnerships
* Warrington, UK (syne 1968)
* Nové Město nad Metují (near Náchod) in the Czech Republic
* Wohlau in Lawer Silesie - a sponsorship tae German refugees who settled in HildenIt cooperates
* Guizhou a province in Soothwast Cheenae - cooperation an admeenistrative support

## References

## Freemit airtins
*offeecial hamepage
Dairago

**Dairago** is a *[[comune]]* (municipality) in the Province o Milan in the Italian region Lombardy, locatit aboot 25&nbsp;km northwast o Milan. As o 31 December 2004, it haed a population of 4,813 an an aurie o 5.6&nbsp;km².

Dairago borders the follaein municipalities: Busto Arsizio, Legnano, Magnago, Villa Cortese, Buscate, Busto Garolfo, Arconate.

## Demographic evolution

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## References


## Freemit airtins
* www.comune.dairago.mi.it
Apan

**Apan** is a ceety an ane o the 84 municipalities o Hidalgo, in central-eastren Mexico. The municipality covers an aurie o 346.9&nbsp;km².

As o 2005, the municipality haed a total population o 39,247. 

It wis an important steid in the War o Unthirldom (1810-1821). It is a center for the production o pulque an for the sport o *[[charrería]]*, or Mexican rodeo.

## References
Hidalgo (state)

**Hidalgo** (), offeecially **Free an sovereign State o Hidalgo** (), is ane o the 31 states that, wi the Federal Destrict, comprise the 32 Federal Entities o Mexico. It is dividit in 84 municipalities an its caipital ceety is Pachuca de Soto.

In 1869, Benito Juárez creatit the State o Hidalgo. He appointit the ceety o Pachuca as caipital o the state an addit the name *"de Soto"* tae it for the kennin o Manuel Fernando Soto, wha is considered the maist important drivin force in creatin the state. The state wis namit efter Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla, the initiator o the Mexican War o Unthirldom.

It is locatit in Eastren Mexico. Hidalgo haes mairches bi San Luis Potosí an Veracruz norlins, Puebla eastlins, Tlaxcala an México soothlins an Querétaro wastlins.

The state haes a nummer o relatively intact native culturs like the Otomi. There twa notable immigrant culturs an aw, thaim that is the descendents o Cornish miners in the 19t hunneryear an a sma Jewish enclave that claims tae be descendit frae Sephardi Jews that came tae New Spain in the 16t hunneryear.

The state contains a nummer o ecotourism, cultural an aircheological attractions includin the Huasteca aurie, the ruins o Tula, naitural het watter springs, auld haciendas an muntain ranges.

## References

## Bibliography
*

## External links

* Hidalgo State Government 
* Lengua, cultura e historia de los otomíes – Language, culture, and history of the Otomi 
*Codices otomi – Otomi codexes in French, English & Spanish
Hidalgo

'''''Hidalgo''''' (Spaingie nobility) (*[[Fidalgo]]* in Galicie an Portuguese) is a traditional title o persons o the Spaingie nobility or gentry. The wird is a contraction o the phrases **'hijo de algo**', literally "a son o something." Despite this informal-soondin term, the Spaingie coort rigorously regulated who wis an who wis no entitled tae caw hissel an hidalgo.

**Hidalgo** mey refer tae an aw:

## Places
### Mexico
* Hidalgo (state), a state in central Mexico
* Hidalgo, Coahuila, a toun in Coahuila 
* Hidalgo, Nuevo León, a ceety in Nuevo León
* Hidalgo Municipality, Tamaulipas, a municipality in Tamaulipas 
* Miguel Hidalgo, D.F., a burgh o the Federal Destrict
* Chalcatongo de Hidalgo, in Oaxaca 
* Hidalgo Yalalag, in Oaxaca 
* Frontera Hidalgo, in Chiapas
#### Ciudad Hidalgo
*Ciudad Hidalgo, Chiapas
*Ciudad Hidalgo, Michoacán
#### Villa Hidalgo
*Villa Hidalgo, Baja California
*Villa Hidalgo, Chiapas:
** Villa Hidalgo (Northren Chiapas), Chiapas
** Villa Hidalgo (Soothren Chiapas), Chiapas
*Villa Hidalgo, Coahuila
*Villa Hidalgo, Durango
*Villa Hidalgo, Jalisco
*Villa Hidalgo, Nayarit
*Villa Hidalgo, Oaxaca:
**Chalcatongo de Hidalgo
**Hidalgo Yalalag
*Villa Hidalgo, San Luis Potosí
*Villa Hidalgo, Sonora
*Villa Hidalgo, Tamaulipas
*Villa Hidalgo, Zacatecas
*Villa Hidalgo (Santa Rita), Zacatecas

### Unitit States
* Hidalgo, Illinois
* Hidalgo, Texas
* Hidalgo Coonty, New Mexico
* Hidalgo Coonty, Texas

### Fiction
* Hidalgo, a fictional Central American naition in the Doc Savage stories

## Fowk
* Anne Hidalgo (born 1959), first deputy mayor o Paris
* Carlos Daniel Hidalgo (born 1986), Colombie fitbaa player 
* David Hidalgo (born 1954), U.S. muisicker
* Giovanni Hidalgo (born 1963), Puerto Rican muisicker
* Joaquín González Hidalgo y Rodríguez (1839–1923), Spaingie malacologist
* Michel Hidalgo (1933–2020), Umwhile French fitbaa player an manager
* Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla (1753–1811), leader o the Mexican unthirldom muivement
* Montserrat Hidalgo (born 1968), Costa Rican breaststroke swimmer 
* Oscar Hidalgo (born 1982), Mexican racin driver
* Rubén Ramírez Hidalgo (born 1978), Spaingie tennis player
* Richard Hidalgo (born 1975), Venezuelan MLB player
* Felix Resurreccion Hidalgo (1855–1913), Filipino painter

## Ither

* Hidalgo Limited, a technology design company based in Cambridge, UK, developer o Equivital
* ''Hidalgo'' (film), starrin Viggo Mortensen, namit for Frank Hopkins' horse
* 944 Hidalgo, an asteroid
* Treaty o Guadalupe Hidalgo, endit the Mexican-American War
Municipalities o Chihuahua

The Mexican state o Chihuahua is dividit intae **67 municipalities** *([[Municipalities o Mexico|municipios]]):*
Allende Municipality, Chihuahua

The **Municipality o Allende** ()  is ane o 67 municipalities in the Mexican state o Chihuahua, locatit in the sootheastren portion o the state. Valle de Allende is its municipal seat an lairgest ceety.

## Geography
### Touns an veelages

## See an aw
*Municipal Government Web Site (Spanish)
Allende

**Allende** is a Spainyie wird o Laitin oreegin meanin "ayont" or "besides". It is a Basque surname an aw.

**Allende** mey refer tae:

;Fowk
*Salvador Allende, 29t Preses o Chile
*Isabel Allende, Chilean writer an dochter o Tomás Allende, cousin o Salvador Allende
*Isabel Allende Bussi, Chilean politeecian an dochter o Salvador Allende
*Isabel Allende Karam, Cuban diplomat an translator, umwhile ambassador an nou director o schuil o diplomacy
*Laura Allende, Chilean politeecian an sister o Salvador Allende
*Andrés Pascal Allende, Chilean revolutionary
*Fernando Allende, Mexican entertainer
*Ignacio Allende, Caiptain o the Spainyie Airmy in Mexico
*Jorge Allende, Chilean biologist
*Juan Allende, professor o political science, brither tae Isabel Allende an cousin o Salvador Allende
*Allende family, influential family in Chile

;Ither
*Allende tequila, an alcohol
*Allende, a meteorite faw o 1969 in the Mexico state o Chihuahua

;Toponyms in Mexico
*Allende Municipality, Chihuahua
*Allende, Coahuila
*Allende, Guanajuato 
*Allende, Nuevo León
*Allende, Veracruz

;Toponyms in Uruguay
*Allende, Uruguay
Valle de Allende

**Valle de Allende** is the municipal seat an lairgest toun o the municipality o Allende in the Mexican state o Chihuahua. Oreeginally namit **Valle de San Bartolomé**, it wis foondit in 1569 bi Franciscan monks. The toun is ane o the auldest in Chihuahua.

The toun receivit its current name in 1825 in honor o Ignacio Allende, a military leader durin the Mexican War o Unthirldom.

## Freemit airtins
*History of Valle de Allende (Spanish)
Alto Paraná Depairtment

:*For the film, see [[Alto Paraná (film)]].


*'Alto Paraná''' is a depairtment in Paraguay. The caipital is Ciudad del Este (umwhile kent as Puerto Presidente Stroessner, oreeginally Puerto Flor de Lis).

The Alto Paraná depairtment haes experiencit tremendous economic an population growthe in the past 50 years. Maist o this growthe haes been concentratit in the depairtment caipital o Ciudad del Este, an mainly occurred efter the construction o the Puente de la Amistad brig in 1961, which connects Paraguay an Brazil. This depairtment is hame tae the Itaipu pouer plant, which supplees 95% o the energy consumit bi Paraguay, an the Acaray Dam. Several ecological reserves, a zoo an the Taiwanese-Paraguayan Technology Pairk are situatit in this depairtment.

The ceety o Presidente Franco wis the first ceety foondit in this depairtment.  Several important agricultural establishments are centred in the region o Minga Guazú which is hame o the Guarani Internaitional Airport.

## Geography
### Location

This depairtment is locatit in the Oriental Region o Paraguay, atween parallels 24° 30’ an 26° 15’ o latitude sooth an atween the meridians 54° 20’ an 55° 20’ o longitude wast.

It is locatit in the Center East o Oriental Region. It border wi:
* Tae the North: wi Canindeyú Depairtment
* Tae the Sooth: wi Itapúa Depairtment
* Tae the East: wi Brazil
* Tae the Wast: wi Caaguazú an Caazapá departments

The caipital is Ciudad del Este, oreeginally namit Puerto Flor de Lis, an later Puerto Presidente Stroessner till it receivit the name that haes nouadays ance the dictatorial govrenment o General Stroessner wis ower. This ceety leemits wi the Brazilian ceety, Foz de Yguazú.

### Destricts

The depairtment is dividit intae 20 destricts:

## Sister provinces
*  Gyeonggi-do

## References

## Freemit airtins
* Alto Paraná Info (in Spainyie)
Capiatá

**Capiatá** is a ceety in Central Depairtment, Paraguay. 

It is the anerlie ceety in Central that borders seiven ceeties: Aregua, Itaugua, Juan Augusto Saldívar, Luque, Ñemby, San Lorenzo an Ypane.
Janos Municipality

**Janos** is a municipality in the Mexican state o Chihuahua. It is locatit in the extreme northwast o Chihuahua, on the border wi the state o Sonora an the U.S. states o Arizona & New Mexico. In the 2010 INEGI census, the ceety (locality, or *localidad*) reportit a population o 2,738, wi 10,953 in the municipality as a whole. The municipal seat is the toun o Janos, Chihuahua, which shares its name wi the municipality.

The name "Janos" wis gien bi the Janos fowk, the indigenous inhabitants o the aurie upon the arrival o the Spaniards.  The Janos wurn probably a sub-tribe or closely relatit tae the Suma fowk.  Neither the Janos nor the Suma survivit contact an are nou extinct. Franciscan  missionaries oreeginally built a mission in the location in 1640, unner the name **Soledad de Janos**. The mission did no, housomeivver, survive a series o native revolts an wis replacit on 16 October 1686 bi a military *[[presidio]]* unner Gen. Juan Fernández de la Fuente. The *presidio* retained control o the aurie till the municipality wis established in 1820.

## Touns an veelages

The lairgest localities (ceeties, touns, an veelages) are:

Ither settlements:
*El Berrendo (1)

## Adjacent municipalities an coonties

* Ascensión Municipality - east
* Nuevo Casas Grandes Municipality - sootheast
* Casas Grandes Municipality - sooth
* Bacerac Municipality, Sonora - soothwast
* Bavispe Municipality, Sonora - west
* Agua Prieta Municipality, Sonora - wast
* Hidalgo Coonty, New Mexico - north

## References
*Janos, Chihuahua  *(Enciclopedia de los Municipios de México)*
Janos, Chihuahua

**Janos** is a toun locatit in the northren Mexican state o Chihuahua.  It serves as the municipal seat o govrenment for the surroondin municipality o the same name. The 2010 Mexican naitional census reportit a population o 2,738 indwallers.

## References
Marisol Valles Garcia

**Marisol Valles García** (born 1989, Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua, Mexico) is the umwhile polis chief o Praxedis G. Guerrero locatit in the northren Mexican state o Chihuahua near the cities o Ciudad Juárez an Guadalupe. In Mairch 2011, she wis dismissed frae her post efter failin tae sgaw up for wirk. Valles an her family fled tae the Unitit States whaur they are currently seekin asylum.

## Backgrund
Syne Mexican Preses Felipe Calderón declart war on drug cartels in 2006, the kintra's deith toll relatit tae drug crime haes been aroond 30,000. Mayors and police have been specifically targeted; some beheaded, some tortured to death.

In early October 2010, Tancítaro's mayor Gustavo Sánchez wis fand beat tae deith wi his hands tied ahint his back. Electit in Januar, he'd statit "The fear is always there, but if you have courage and a desire to make a contribution, that outweighs the fear".

## Praxedis G. Guerrero valley
Afore the war on drugs, rural Praxedis G. Guerrero, Chihuahua wis a quiet toun. Twa rival drug gangs, the Juárez Cartel an the Sinaloa Cartel, nou fecht for control o the region's main heich-gate, makkin Chihuahua ane o the maist dangerous places in the warld. Residents hide in hooses frae fear o violence an daith. In nearbi Ciudad Juárez in October 2010, a gang killed ower a dozen fowk, includin bairns, at a birthday pairty. Seeveral polis officers in Ciudad Juárez hae been abductit or killt, an Praxedis G. Guerrero's previous chief, Manuel Castro, haed been tortured an beheidit a year earlier.

### Search for a polis chief
Wi aw but three polis officers haein quit, mayor José Luis Guerrero desperately socht solutions. Efter a year athoot a polis chief, 20-year-auld Marisol Valles Garcia, who wis a student wirkin on a degree in creeminology at the University o Guadalajara, wis the anerlie person willin tae accept the job.  She wis sworn in on 18 October 2010. This attractit internaitional attention, an haes promptit news media tae caw her the "bravest wumman in Mexico".

## Personal life an views
Valles Garcia is marriet an the mither o a baby boy. She reportedly teuk the job tae chynge her commonty. "We're all afraid in Mexico now. We can't let fear beat us", she said efter being sworn in.

The destrict haes 9,148 inhabitants, an a polis force o nineteen. Valles Garcia said she intendit tae hire mair weemen, an focus on commonty ootreach an prevention. In neighboring Juárez, she was referred to by locals with the iconic nickname "La Adelita".

## External links
*Mejor estar viva en EU que muerta en México: Marisol Valles  El Diario de El Paso, 05-11-2011.

## References
Guadalupe Municipality, Chihuahua

**Guadalupe** is a ane o the 67 municipalities o Chihuahua, in northren Mexico. The caipital lees at Guadalupe. The municipality covers an aurie o 6,200.5&nbsp;km².

As o the 2010 national census, the municipality haed a total population o 6,458 inhabitants. 

## Geography
### Touns an veelages
The municipality haes 80 localities. The lairgest are:

### Adjacent municipalities an coonties
* Ojinaga Municipality - sootheast
* Coyame del Sotol Municipality - sootheast
* Ahumada Municipality - sooth
* Juárez Municipality - wast
* El Paso Coonty, Texas - northwest
* Práxedis G. Guerrero Municipality - north
* Hudspeth Coonty, Texas - north an northeast
* Jeff Davis Coonty, Texas - east-sootheast (point border anerlie, i.e., border length is zero)
* Presidio Coonty, Texas - east- sootheast

## References
Práxedis G. Guerrero, Chihuahua

**Práxedis Gilberto Guerrero** http://www.mpiopraxedisguerrero.gob.mx  is the municipal seat o the municipality o Práxedis G. Guerrero in the northren Mexican state o Chihuahua.

In the 2005 Census, the toun reportit a population o 3,431. Anerlie five years later, at the 2010 census, the population haed declined dramatically tae 2,128 inhabitants.

## History
The toun wis foondit in  1849, as **San Ignacio**, bi the priest Ramón Ortiz.
The oreeginal settlers wur a group o fowk frae Texas an New Mexico, who did no wish tae remain in the Unitit States follaein the cession o those territories unner the 1848 Treaty o Guadalupe Hidalgo.

Its current name wis gien tae it by the State Congress in December 1983, tae honour the Revolutionary leader Práxedis G. Guerrero, who wis killed in action in Janos, Chihuahua, on 30 December 1910.

## References
Manuel Benavides Municipality

** Manuel Benavides  ** is ane o the 67 municipalities o Chihuahua, in northren Mexico. The municipal seat lees at Manuel Benavides veelage. The municipality covers an aurie o 3,191.5&nbsp;km².

As o the 2010 census, the municipality haed a total population o 1,601 . 

## Geografie
### Touns an veelages
The municipality haes 115 localities. The lairgest are:

### Adjacent municipalities an coonties
* Ocampo Municipality, Coahuila - east
* Camargo Municipality - sooth
* Ojinaga Municipality - wast
* Presidio Coonty, Texas - north
* Brewster Coonty, Texas - northeast

## References
Banged Up Abroad

***Banged Up Abroad*** (rebadgit as ***Locked Up Abroad*** for the National Geographic Channel, ***Preso en el extranjero*** in Laitin Americae an ***Jailed Abroad*** in Indie) is a Breetish documentary/docudrama television series creatit bi Bart Layton that wis producit for Channel Five an that premiered in Mairch 2006. *Banged Up Abroad* featurs stories o fowk who hae been reestit while travellin abroad, uisually for tryin tae smuggle illegal drugs oot o a kintra an hae receivit lengthy preeson sentences as a result.

## Episode format
The episodes teepically follae the same format or structur. An episode contains a mix o oreeginal interview fuitage an reconstructit fuitage o thair journey. The convictit or captured are shawn talkin aboot thair experiences, ower dramatic reenactments o thair respective experiences. The episodes focus on the events leadin up tae the reest or time in captivity.

In ane case, at the end o the episode, the convictit are shawn sittin wi handcuffs on, whare thay are still in jyle. In maist cases, the convictit or captured hae returned hame frae whare thay are tellin thair story. In ither cases, the convictit or captured are shawn revisitin the kintra o the incident.

## Internaitional airins

## Freemit airtins
*http://www.natgeotv.co.in/Programmes/Main.aspx?Id=386  
*Offeecial wabsteid 
*Offeecial wabsteid  
*Offeecial wabsteid 
* (2006 series)
* (2007 series)
*Sandra Gregory's story
*Plot summary 
*

## References
Preeson

A **preeson** (frae Auld French *prisoun*) kent as **the Jyle**, **the kittie** or **the towbuith** an aw, is a place that fowk is pheesically confined an, uisually, deprived o a reenge o personal freedoms. **[[Impreesonment]]** or **[[incarceration]]** is a lawsome penalty that micht be imposed bi the state for the commeesion o a crime. Ither terms uised is penitentiary, correctional facility, remand centre, detention centre, an jyle. In some legal seestems some o thir terms haes destinct meanins. 

A creeminal suspect that haes been chairged wi or is likely tae be chairged wi creeminal offense micht be hauden *on [[Detention o suspects|remaund]]* in preeson if he or she is denee'd or unable tae meet condeetions o bail, or is unable or unwillint tae post bail. A creeminal defender micht be hauden in preeson an aw while awaitin trial or a trial verdict. If foond guilty, a defender will be convictit an micht receive a custodial sentence requirin impreesonment.

As weel as convictit or suspectit creeminals, preesons micht be uised for internment o thaim no chairged wi a crime. Preesons micht be uised as a tuil o poleetical repression an aw tae deteen poleetical preesoners, preesoners o conscience, an "enemies o the state", pairticular bi authoritarian regimes. In times o war or conflict, preesoners o war micht be deteent in preesons an aw. A preeson seestem is the organisational arreengement o the proveesion an operation o preesons.

## References
Mainz

**Mainz** (; , ) is a ceety in Germany an the caipital o the German federal state o Rhineland-Palatinate. It wis a poleetically important seat o the Prince-elector o Mainz (see: Airchbishopric o Mainz) unner the Holy Roman Empire, an previously wis a Roman fort ceety which commandit the wast bank o the Rhine an formit pairt o the northmaist frontier o the Roman Empire. Mainz is locatit on the river Rhine athort frae Wiesbaden, in the wastren pairt o the Frankfurt Rhine-Main Region; in the modren age, Frankfurt shares hintle o its regional importance.

Mainz wis foondit as a militar post bi the Romans in the late 1st century BC. The first European beuks printit uisin movable type wur manufactured in Mainz bi Gutenberg in the early 1450s. Up till the twintiet century, Mainz wis uisually referred tae in Inglis as **Mayence**.

## Internaitional relations

Mainz is twinned wi:

*  Watford, Unitit Kinrick, syne 1956
*  Dijon, Fraunce, syne 1957
*  Longchamp, Fraunce, wi Mainz-Laubenheim, syne 1966
*  Zagreb, Croatie, syne 1967
*  Rodeneck, Italy, wi Mainz-Finthen, syne 1977
*  Valencie, Spain, syne 1978
*  Haifa, Israel, syne 1981
*  Erfurt, umwhile East Germany, syne 1988
*  Baku, Azerbaijan, syne 1984
*  Louisville, Kentucky, Unitit States, syne 1994

## References an notes

## Freemit airtins

* The offeecial wab steid o the ceety o Mainz
*
Aquiles Serdán Municipality

**Aquiles Serdán** is a ane o the 67 municipalities o Chihuahua, in northren Mexico. The municipal seat lees at Santa Eulalia. The municipality covers an aurie o 651.1 km².

As o 2005, the municipality haed a total population o 3,742. 

## References
Práxedis G. Guerrero Municipality

**Práxedis G. Guerrero** is ane o the 67 municipalities o Chihuahua, in northren Mexico. The municipal seat lees at Práxedis G. Guerrero, Chihuahua. The municipality covers an aurie o 808.97&nbsp;km² an staunds on the US border close tae Ciudad Juárez.

## Name
The municipality's name wis gien tae it bi the State Congress in December 1983, tae honour the Revolutionary leader Práxedis G. Guerrero, who wis killed in action in Janos, Chihuahua, on 30 December 1910. It wis previously kent as **San Ignacio**.

## Demographics
In 2005, the municipality haed a total population o 8,514, wi 3,431 in the municipal seat. Anerlie five years later, at the 2010 census, these figurs haed declined dramatically tae 4,799 for the municipality, an 2,128 for the municipal seat.

Práxedis G. Guerrero haes a vera law population that rarely grows. In fact, hintle o the population, abuin aw those o schuil age, leave for nearbi Ciudad Juárez, due tae the heicher level o economic activity there.

## Geography
### Touns an veelages
The municipality haes 27 localities. The lairgest are:

### Adjacent municipalities an counties
* Guadalupe Municipality - east, sooth, an wast
* Hudspeth Coonty, Texas - north an northeast

### Climate an ecology
The climate is extremely arid, wi vera heich temperaturs in the simmer an vera law temperaturs in the winter, wi extreme recordit temperaturs o 43&nbsp;°C an -23&nbsp;°C. It haes vera law levels o precipitation.

Its flora are plants typical o the desert, an its fauna includes species such as the puma or the coyote.

## Politics
### Municipal preses
*1998–2001: Diego Javier Cedillos Aguirre
*2001–2004: Rafael Carreón González
*2004–2007: Juvenal Rodela Campos

## References
Rösrath

**Rösrath** is a ceety in the Rheinisch-Bergischer Kreis (destrict) in North Rhine-Westphalie, Germany. The earliest kent documents mentionin the dounset *Rösrath* can be foond in documents datit tae 1356. Thare hae been findins o Paleolithic an Mesolithic tuils in the ceety aurie *Forsbach*. The commonty wis elevatit tae ceety status in 2001.

## Geography
Rösrath is locatit in the immediate vicinity o Cologne. The municipal aurie o Rösrath is borderin on the sooth-eastren ceety leemits o Cologne. Therefore frae Cologne's pynt o view Rösrath is cried a *Gateway tae the Berg region* (Bergisches Land).
The municipal aurie pairtly extends ower the natur reserves o the *Wahner Heide* an *Königsforst*.

## The Coat o Airms o Rösrath
The coat o airms o Rösrath consists o twa auries:
* The upper aurie shows the reid lion o Berg wi blue croun, tongue an claws. The lion appears in maist o the coats o airms in the destrict o the *Rheinisch-Bergischer Kreis*.
* The lawer aurie shows a huntin horn wi a green backgrund. It seembolizes the *Königsforst*, in umwhile times a popular huntin destrict o the earls o Berg.

## Landmark o Rösrath

The gateway o *Eulenbroich castle* is virtually the laundmerk o Rösrath. This **gateway tae the Berg region** (Bergisches Land) is uised as logo on the letterheads an internet pages o the toun cooncil.

## Twinned ceeties

## Carnival

Cologne is weel kent as a "stronghold" o German carnival wi its famous carnival parade on the Monday afore Strove Tuesday. Rösrath isna too far awa frae Cologne. An aw in Rösrath a *Rose Monday Parade* is organizit ivery year. The parade isna as big as in Cologne, but the foolishness is juist as wild as in the neebourin lairge toun.

## References

## Freemit airtins

* Offeecial steid
Bad Honnef

**Bad Honnef** is a spa toun in Germany near Bonn in the Rhein-Sieg-Kreis, North Rhine-Westphalie. It is locatit on the border o the neebourin state Rhineland-Palatinate. Tae the north it lees on the slopes o the Drachenfels (“Dragons's Rock”) muntain, pairt o the Siebengebirge.

## Owerview
Bad Honnef is hame tae a mineral spring cried the  ("Dragon Spring") which wis discovered in 1897.  This discovery led tae Honnef, as the toun wus cried at the time, transformin frae a wine-growing toun tae a spa toun, addin the prefix Bad tae its name.  The mineral spring haes been uised for baith drinkin an bathin.

The veelages o Aegidienberg, Selhof an Rhöndorf are considered tae be pairt o Bad Honnef. Durin his term as first chancellor o Germany, Konrad Adenauer livit (an dee'd) in Bad Honnef, as it wis near Bonn, then the caipital o the Federal Republic o Germany. An aw, German politeecian an leader o the Free Democratic Pairty Guido Westerwelle wis born in Bad Honnef. 

Syne 2004, the current mayor haes been Wally Feiden, an SPD politeecian. At the last local election, haein taken place on 19 October 2008, she wis confirmit in her office.

Syne the 1980s Bad Honnef haes developit intae an important place for conferences in Germany. Acause of the close proximity tae the still internaitionally important Federal Ceety o Bonn, mony federal institutions are locatit in Bad Honnef. The Preses o Germany resides there. 

The heidoffice o the Nationalpark Siebengebirge project wis an aw planned tae be in Bad Honnef; however the project was doomed by a referendum on sept. 27, 2009.

Bad Honnef haes the heichest purchasin pouer o aw touns in North Rhine-Westphalie, its percentage o millionaires is ane o the heichest an aw.

## References

*

## Freemit airtins

* Stadt Bad Honnef 
* Aboot 2,000 Picturs frae Bad Honnef 
* International University of Applied Sciences, Bad Honnef 
* Physikzentrum Bad Honnef 
* Information aboot Bad Honnef, frae campus-germany.de
Aberbechan

**Aberbechan** is a smaw settlement in Powys, Wales. It is near the A483 road an is  northeast o the toun o Newtown.

## Freemit airtins
*Photos of Aberbechan and surrounding area on geograph
*Aberbechan at Streetmap.co.uk
Mellerud Municipality

**Mellerud Municipality** (*Melleruds kommun*) is a municipality in Västra Götaland Coonty bi Lake Vänern in Swaden. Its seat is locatit in the toun o Mellerud.

The amalgamation leadin tae the present municipality teuk place in 1969 when "auld" Mellerud (institutit as a mercat toun (*[[köping]]*) in 1908) wis mergit wi Bolstad, Kroppefjäll an Skållerud. Afore the municipal reform o 1952 there wur ten entities in the aurie.

## Localities
Population figurs frae Statistics Sweden as o 31 December 2005.

*Mellerud, 3,796
*Dals Rostock, 885
*Åsensbruk, 530
*Bränna, 228
*Dalskog, 151
*Håverud, 150
*Köpmannebro, 76
*Erikstad, 58

## References

## Freemit airtins
*Mellerud Municipality - Offeecial steid
*The local newspaper - (TTELA)
Vänersborg Municipality

**Vänersborg Municipality** (*Vänersborgs kommun*) is a municipality in Västra Götaland Coonty in wastren Swaden.  Its seat is locatit in the ceety o Vänersborg.

The present municipality wis creatit durin the local govrenment reform in the early 1970s. In 1971 the *Ceety o Vänersborg* became a municipality o unitary type an three year later it wis amalgamatit wi three surroondin municipalities. The number o oreeginal local govrenment entities (as o 1863) is aicht.

## Localities
*Brålanda, 1,500 inhabitants
*Frändefors, 600
*Vargön, 5,000
*Vänersborg (seat), 22,000

## References

*Airticle on Swadish Wikipedia
*Article Vänersborg - Frae Nordisk familjebok

## Freemit airtins
*Vänersborg Municipality - Offeecial steid
*The local newspaper (TTELA)
Steiermark

**Styrie** (, , ,  ) is a state or *Bundesland*, locatit in the sootheast o Austrick. In aurie it is the seicont lairgest o the nine Austrian federatit states, coverin 16,401&nbsp;km². It borders Slovenie as well as the ither Austrian states o Upper Austrick, Lawer Austrick, Salzburg, Burgenland, an Carinthia.  The population (as o 2019) wis 1,243,052. The caipital ceety is Graz (288,808 indwallers).

## References

## Freemit airtins

* Imperial Austria: Treasures of Art, Arms and Armor from the State of Styria - The Canadian Museum of Civilization
* Official Tourism Website of Styria
Caquetá

**Caquetá** () is a depairtment o Colombie. Locatit in the Amazonas region, Caquetá borders wi the depairtments o Cauca an Huila tae the wast, the depairtment o Meta tae the north, the depairtment o Guaviare tae the northeast, the depairtment o Vaupés tae the east, the depairtments o Amazonas an Putumayo tae the sooth coverin a total aurie o 88,965&nbsp;km², the third lairgest in the kintra. Its caipital is the ceety o Florencia.

## Municipalities

# Albania
# Belén de Andaquies
# Cartagena del Chairá
# Curillo
# El Doncello
# El Paujil
# **[[Florencia, Caquetá|Florencia]]**
# La Montañita
# Milán
# Morelia
# Puerto Rico
# San José de la Fragua
# San Vicente del Caguán
# Solano
# Solita
# Valparaíso

## References

## Freemit airtins
* Govrenment o Caquetá offeecial wabsteid 
* Secretary of Health of Caquetá 
* Portal de información recreativa y cultural de Florencia y el Departamento del Caquetá.
* Sistema de Información Ambiental Territorial de la Amazonia colombiana SIAT-AC 

## See an aw
* Caquetá Territory
Coquimbo Region

The **IV Coquimbo Region** () is ane o Chile's 15 first order regions. It is some 400&nbsp;km north o the caipital, Santiago.

The caipital an lairgest ceety is La Serena, ither important ceeties include the seaport Coquimbo an the agricultural centre. Ovalle.

## References

## Freemit airtins
* Gobierno Regional de Coquimbo Official website
O'Higgins Region

The **O'Higgins Region** () is ane o Chile's 15 first order regions. It is subdividit intae three provinces. It is namit in honour o Bernardo O'Higgins, ane o Chile's foondin faithers.

The O'Higgins Region is bordered tae the wast bi the Paceefic Ocean, tae the east bi Argentinae, tae the north bi the Valparaíso an Santiago Metropolitan Regions, an tae the sooth bo the Maule Region. It extends approximately atween the parallels o 33°51’ an 35°01’ sooth latitude, an atween the meridian o 70°02’ wast langitude an the Paceefic Ocean.

The caipital an lairgest ceety o the region is Rancagua. The seicont major toun is San Fernando.

## References

## Freemit airtins
*Intendencia del Libertador
Grästorp Municipality

**Grästorp Municipality** (*Grästorps kommun*) is a  municipality in Västra Götaland Coonty in wastren Swaden. Its seat is locatit in the toun o Grästorp.

Grästorp Municipality is located richt in the middle o Västra Götaland Coonty, bi the shores o Lake Vänern.

In the year 1900 the veelage Grästorp wis detached frae Tengene an made a mercat toun (*[[köping]]*). The local govrenment reform o 1952 amalgamatit it wi twal surroondin municipalities (amang them Tengene). The 1971 reform made the term *köping* obsolete, thus formin Grästorps kommun athoot amendment o territory.

The aurie haes been inhabitit at least syne the Viking Age as it contains several runestanes. Tae the left a stane bi the kirk at Sal. The inscription reads "Torgård satte denna sten efter Toke, sin frände", meanin "Torgård raised this stane for Toke, his friend".

## Localities
The seat Grästorp (pop. 3,000) is the anerlie built-up locality wi mair nor 200 inhabitants in this predominantly rural aurie.

## References

## Freemit airtins
*Grästorp Municipality  - Offeecial steid