12 Julie

The **12t o Julie** is the 193rd day o the year (194t in lowp years) in the Gregorian Calendar, wi 172 days ti come.

## Events

* 1543 - Henry VIII o Ingland marries Catherine Parr.
* 1561 - Saunt Basil's Cathedral in Moscow is consecratit.
* 1636 - 35 Icelanders are taen bi Barbary pirates.
* 1690 - Battle o the Boyne: The Protestant Keeng William III o England defeats the Catholic James VII, Keeng o Scots in eastren Ireland.
* 1776 - James Cook stairts his third voyage.
* 1917 - Warld War I: German forces uise mustard gas for the first time.
* 1920 - Soviet Roushie kens the unthirldom o Lithuanie.
* 1932 - Lambeth Brig in Lunnon appens.
* 1961 - Heavy rain causes twa reservoirs in Maharashtra, Indie, tae break. 1,000 tae 2,000 fowk are kilt in the ceety o Pune as a result.
* 1970 - Thor Heyerdahl's raft Ra II arrives in Barbados, haein crossit the Atlantic Ocean frae Morocco.
* 1971 - The Australie Aboriginal Banner flies for the first time.
* 1974 - Scots manager Bill Shankly propales his retirement frae Liverpool F.C..
* 1975 - Sao Tome an Principe is granted unthirldom by Portugal.
* 1979 - Unthirldom o Kiribati.
* 1998 - Host naition Fraunce wins the FIFA Warld Cup, defeatin Brazil 3-0 in the final.
* 2006 - War erupts atweesh Israel an Lebanon.
* 2012 - A tank truck explosion in Okogie, Nigerie, kills ower 100 fowk.
* 2016 - A train crash in sooth-eastren Italy kills at least 27 fowk.
* 2017 - A massive iceberg, at size 5,800 square kilometre (2,200 square mile), breaks away frae the Larsen C ice shelf in Antarcticae.
* 2017 - Maltae's pairlament votes for the legalisation o Same-sex marriage.
* 2019 - Gunmen storm the Asasey hottle in Kismayo, Somalie, killin 26 fowk. 
* 2020 - Conservative incumbent Preses o Poland Andrzej Duda very nairraely wins re-election agin Mayor o Warsaw Rafal Trzaskowski.

## Births

* 100 BC - Julius Caesar, Roman general an statesman (d. 44 BC)
* 1784 - John Brown, Scots meenister an theologian (d. 1858)
* 1817 - Henry David Thoreau, American writer an philosopher (d. 1862)
* 1856 - Airchduchess Gisella o Austrick (d. 1932)
* 1864 - George Washington Carver, American botanist an inventor (d. 1943)
* 1870 - Louis II, Prince o Monaco (d. 1949)
* 1884 - Amedeo Modigliani, Italian penter an sculptor (d. 1920)
* 1895 - Buckminster Fuller, American airchitect, designer an inventor (d. 1983)
* 1904 - Pablo Neruda, Chilean poet (d. 1973)
* 1913 - Willis Lamb, American pheesicist (d. 2008)
* 1927 - Charlie Fleming, Scots fitbawer (d. 1997)
* 1928 - Elias James Corey, American organic chemist
* 1937 - Bill Cosby, American enterteener
* 1937 - Lionel Jospin, umwhile Prime meenister o Fraunce
* 1947 - Gareth Edwards, Welsh rugby player
* 1947 - Wilko Johnson, Inglis muisicker
* 1948 - Richard Simmons, American actor, comedian, producer an fitness personality
* 1952 - Irina Bokova, Bulgarie politeecian
* 1959 - Tupou VI, King o Tonga
* 1969 - Jesse Pintado, Mexican-American guitarist (d. 2006)
* 1976 - Anna Friel, Inglis actress
* 1978 - Michelle Rodriguez, American actress
* 1985 - Emil Hegle Svendsen, Norse biathlete
* 1991 - James Rodríguez, Colombie fitbawer
* 1992 - Ross Laidlaw, Scots fitbawer
* 1995 - Luke Shaw, Inglis fitbawer
* 1997 - Malala Yousafzai, Pakistani activist

## Daiths
* 1536 - Erasmus o Rotterdam, Dutch philosopher (b. 1466)
* 1804 - Alexander Hamilton, American politeecian (b. 1757)
* 1834 - David Douglas, Scots botanist (b. 1799)
* 1838 - John Jamieson, Scots meenister (b. 1759)
* 1850 - Robert Stevenson, Scots ceevil ingineer (b. 1772)
* 1855 - Pavel Nakhimov, Roushie admiral (b. 1802)
* 1907 - David Farquharson, Scots penter (b. 1839)
* 1935 - Alfred Dreyfus, French militar officer (b. 1859)
* 1949 - Douglas Hyde, 1st Preses o Ireland (b. 1860)
* 2013 - Pran, Indian actor (b. 1920)

## Halidays
*Battle o the Boyne Haliday, forby kent as Orange Day (Northren Ireland)
* Independence Day (Kiribati, Sao Tome an Principe)

## References