open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Alexandria Govrenorate

**Alexandria Govrenorate** () is ane o the govrenorates o Egyp, locatit in the north o the kintra, directly on the Mediterranean Sea, makin it ane o the maist important harbours in Egyp. Alang wi Cairo an Giza, Alexandria is ane o three govrenorates in the kintra that are an aa municipalities.

The governorate's caipital is the ceety o Alexandria, the hame o the historical Bibliotheca Alexandrina an the Lichthoose o Alexandria. The ceety o Alexandria, ance the kintra's caipital, is nou considered tae be the seicont caipital o Egyp.

Alexandria govrenorate haes a population o mair nor 4 million inhabitants, an an aurie o 2,900&nbsp;km².

## Population

## Freemit airtins
* Alexandria Governorate  Offeecial wabsteid (in Arabic)
* Alexandria websites  Alex4All website
* Discover Alexandria  
* Leet o Govrenors o Alexandria wi photos (1798-2000)  (in Arabic)
* Miscellaneous statistical information regardin Alexandria , Egyp. 
* St. Takla Haymnaot the Ethiopian Coptic Orthodox Church - One of the famous Coptic Orthodox Churches of Alexandria.
El-Tor

**El-Tor** (), an aa transliterated as *Al-Tur* an *At-Tur* an kent as *Tur Sinai*, formerly **Raithu**, is the caipital o Sooth Sinai Govrenorate of Egyp, locatit at the Sinai Peninsula. The name o the ceety comes frae the Arabic name o the muntain where the prophet Moses received the tablets frae God; this muntain is cawed *[[Jabal Al Tor]]*.

The El Tor strain o cholera wis discovered there in 1905. It wis a quarantine camp for Pilgrims returnin frae Hajj.

The **Raithu desert** is situatit aroond El-Tor, atween Saunt Catherine an the Red Sea. It is pairt o the Archdiocese o Munt Sinai an Raithu o the Orthodox Kirk o Jerusalem. The "Martyrs o Raithu" wur 43 anchorites slain bi Nomadic Tribes in the Romans Era o Diocletian. Christian monks fleein persecutions haed been present syne the 3rd century, an the **Raithu monastery** (or Rutho) wis commissioned in the 6t century bi Byzantine emperor Justinian. The latter wis proposed as a UNESCO Warld Heritage site on November 1st, 1994 in the Cultural category.

## References

## Freemit airtins
*http://www.egypttoday.com/article.aspx?ArticleID=6855
San Leo

**San Leo** is a *[[comune]]* (municipality) in the Province o Rimini in the Italian region Emilia-Romagna, locatit aboot 135&nbsp;km sootheast o Bologna an aboot 35&nbsp;km sooth o Rimini. 

## Geografie
San Leo borders the follaein municipalities: Acquaviva (San Marino), Chiesanuova (San Marino), Città di San Marino (San Marino), Maiolo, Montecopiolo, Monte Grimano, Novafeltria, Sassofeltrio, Torriana, Verucchio.

San Leo is hame tae a large fortress at an altitude o 600&nbsp;metres abuin sea level.

The toun is kent for its lairge population o pet an feral cats.

## History
Efter the referendum o 17 an 18 December 2006, San Leo wis detached frae the Province o Pesaro an Urbino (Marche) tae join Emilia-Romagna an the Province o Rimini on 15 August 2009.

## Demographic evolution

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## Twin touns
* Ceety o San Marino, San Marino

## References

## Freemit airtins

* Offeecial wabsteid
Port Said Govrenorate

**Port Said Govrenorate** () is ane o the governorates o Egyp. It is locatit in the northeast o the kintra, directly on the Mediterranean Sea at the northren gate o the Suez Canal, makin it the seicont harbour in Egyp.

The govrenorate's caipital is the ceety o Port Said, the hame o the magnificent biggin o the Suez Canal Authority local heidquarter an the Lichthoose o Port Said.

Port Said govrenorate haes a population o mair nor 600,000 inhabitants, an an aurie o 1,351.1&nbsp;km².

## Freemit airtins
*Port Said Govrenorate  Offeecial wabsteid (in Arabic)
*Port Said history  (in Arabic)
*History o Port Said 1859-1939  (in Inglis)
*Leet o Govrenors o Port Said  (in Arabic)
Luxor

**Luxor** () is a ceety in Upper (soothren) Egyp an the caipital o Luxor Govrenorate. The population numbers 487,896 (2010 estimate), wi an aurie o approximately 416 square kilometres (161 sq mi). As the site o the Auncient Egyptian ceety o Thebes, Luxor haes frequently been characterized as the "warld's greatest open air museum", as the ruins o the temple complexes at Karnak an Luxor stand athin the modren ceety. Immediately opposite, athort the River Nile, lie the monuments, temples an tombs on the Wast Bank Necropolis, which include the Valley o the Keengs an Valley o the Queens. Thoosans o internaitional tourists arrive annually tae visit these monuments, contributin a muckle pairt towards the economy for the modren ceety.

## Internaitional relations

### Twin touns — Sister ceeties

Luxor is twinned wi:
*  Kazanlak, Bulgarie
*  Baltimore, Maryland, Unitit States
*  Parintins, Brazil

## Gallery

File:Egypt.Luxor.Nile.01.jpg|Hot-air ballooning ower the wast bank
File:Touristenbazar in Luxor (1995, 880x625).jpg|Street mercat in Luxor
File:Egypt.LuxorTemple.02.jpg|Pharaonic statue in Luxor Temple
File:Egypt.LuxorTemple.River.01.jpg|Panoramic view o Luxor



## References
Ragunda Municipality

**Ragunda Municipality** () is a municipality in Jämtland Coonty in northren Swaden. Its seat is locatit in Hammarstrand.

The present municipality wis formed in 1974, when "auld" Ragunda Municipality wis amalgamatit wi the municipalities o Fors an Stugun. Further amalgamations hae been discussed due tae declinin population, but hae no been carried oot.

Ragunda Municipality is kent for being the site o the King Chulalongkorn Memorial Building, which is locatit bi the veelage Utanede. Designed as a Thai ryal pavilion, the ae ane o its kynd ootside Thailand, it wis raised in 1997 in commemoration o Keeng Chulalongkorn's visit there a century earlier.

Döda Fallet (*The deid waterfall*) is an extinct whitewater rapid in a nature reserve an ane o the major tourist attractions o the municipality.

## Localities
There are fower localities (or urban auries) in Ragunda Municipality:

The municipal seat in bauld

## Photo gallery

File:Ragunda gamla kyrka.jpg|Ragunda auld kirk
File:Chulalongkorns paviljong.jpg|King Chulalongkorn Memorial Building
File:Döda fallet 20061014.jpg|Döda Fallet
file:Vildhussen_staty_hammarstrand.JPG|Statue o vildhussen in Hammarstrand


## See also
*Borgvattnet - The Haunted Vicarage

## References


## Freemit airtins

*Ragunda Municipality  - Offeecial site
Monufia Govrenorate

**Monufia Governorate** () is ane o the governorates o Egyp. It is locatit in the north o the kintra, tae the sooth o Gharbia Govrenorate an tae the north o Cairo. Its caipital is the ceety o Shibin El Kom. The main touns o the govrenorate are Quesna, Tala, Bagour, Menouf, Ashmoun an Sers el-Lyan. It is a mainly agricultural govrenorate.

Monufia govrenorate is kent pairticularly for being the birthplace o twa Egyptian presidents: Anwar Sadat (1918-1981, born in Mit Abu al-Kum) an Hosni Mubarak (1928- , born in Kafr-El Meselha).

## Freemit airtins
*Offeecial Wabsteid 
*List of governors of Monufia
Rainer Nygård

**Rainer Nygård** (born 1972) is a Finnish guitar player an sangster for the baund Diablo. He wis born in Kalajoki but nou resides in Tampere. He is a foondin member o Diablo an is responsible for maist o the sang writin for the baund wi Marko Utriainen an does aw the leerics. Rainer uises custombuilt ane-aff guitars manufactured bi Ruokangas Guitars in Finland.
Diablo (baund)

**Diablo** is a Finnish melodic daith metal baund, formed in 1995 as Diablo Brothers. The baund cite Testament, Slayer, Metallica, Megadeth, Opeth, Death, an Meshuggah as influences, but influence frae several Gothenburg baunds, includin Dark Tranquillity, Hypocrisy, an In Flames, can an aa be heard. Their fowert album, *Mimic47*, wis released in Januar 2006, an reached #1 on the Finnish muisic chairts. On October 18, 2015, Diablo released their 6t studio album, Silvër Horizon. It reached #1 on the Finnish muisic chairts.

## Members
### Current members
*Rainer Nygård – vocals, guitar (1995-)
*Marko Utriainen – lead guitar (1995-)
*Aadolf Virtanen – bass (1995-)
*Heikki Malmberg – drums (2000-)

### Umwhile member
*Timo Kemppainen – drums (1995-2000)

## Discography
### Albums
* *[[Elegance In Black]]* (2000)
* *[[Renaissance (Diablo album)|Renaissance]]* (2002)
* *[[Eternium (album)|Eternium]]* (2004)
* *[[Mimic47]]* (2006)
* *[[Icaros (album)|Icaros]]*  (2008)
* *Silver Horizon* (2015)
* *When All the Rivers Are Silent* (2022)

### Singles
* "Princess" (1999)
* "Intomesee" (2002)
* "Read My Scars" (2003)
* "Mimic47" (2005)
* "Damien" (2005)
* "Icaros" (2008)
* "Isolation" (2015)
* "Grace Under Pressure" (2019)
* "The Extinctionist" (2020)
* "The Stranger" (2022)

## References

## Freemit airtins
* Offeecial Site
*
Brad Rheingans

**Brad Rheingans** is a umwhile Greco-Roman an professional warstler.

## Career
Rheingans wis an NCAA champion in 1975 for North Dakota State University an wrestled in the 1976 Olympics, placin fowert. He qualified for the Olympic team in 1980, but did no compete due tae the Unitit States boycott.

Rheingans entered professional wrestlin wi Verne Gagne's American Wrestling Association in 1983, whaur he appeared till the organization fauldit in 1991. He an aa wrestled briefly for the WWF as an enhancement talent in 1986, occasionally for New Japan Pro Wrestling frae 1989–1991, an for various independent promotions in the Minnesota aurie durin the early hauf o the 1990s.

In addition tae coachin amateur wrestlers throughoot his career, Rheingans an aa trained numerous professional wrestlers. Some o his well-kent students include Vader, John "Bradshaw" Layfield, The Nasty Boys, Jerry Lynn, Tom Zenk, Joe Hennig an Tori. Rheingans an aa served as the heid trainer for the short-lived Ladies Professional Wrestling Association.

Rheingans wis inductit intae the George Tragos/Lou Thesz Professional Wrestling Hall of Fame in 2004.

## In wrestlin
*Finishin moves
:*Bridging cradle suplex

*Signature moves
:*Chickenwing arm lock
:*Three-quarter facelock bulldog

## Championships an accomplishments
### Amateur wrestlin
*National Collegiate Athletic Association
:*NCAA Division I All-American (1975)
:*NCAA Division II Champion (1975)
*Olympics Games
:*Olympic Games team member (1976, 1980)
### Professional wrestlin
*American Wrestling Association
:*AWA World Tag Team Championship (1 time) - with Ken Patera
*Pro Wrestling America
:*PWA Tag Team Championship (1 time) - with Baron Von Raschke
*Wrestling Observer Newsletter awards
:*Rookie of the Year (1981) tied with Brad Armstrong

## References

## Freemit airtins

*International Wrestling Institute & Museum's profile
*Online World of Wrestling profile
Maldonado

**Maldonado** mey refer tae:

In **places**:
*Maldonado, Uruguay, a ceety in the Maldonado Depairtment o Uruguay
*Maldonado Depairtment o Uruguay
*Pedro Vicente Maldonado, a canton o Ecuador
*Puerto Maldonado, a ceety in Peru

Fowk wi the surname **Maldonado**:
*Maldonado (surname)
Cape Verde

**Cape Verde**  (, ), offeecially the **Republic o Cabo Verde**, is a wee island kintra, spannin an archipelago o 10 islands locatit in the central Atlantic Ocean, 570 kilometres aff the coast o Wastren Africae. The islands, kiverin a combined aurie o slichtly ower 4,000 square kilometre (1,500 sq mi), are o volcanic origin an while three o them (Sal, Boa Vista an Maio) are fairly flat, sandy an dry, the remainin anes are generally rockier an haes mair vegetation. Acause o the infrequent occurrence o rainfaa, the oweraw landscape isnae parteecularly green, in maugre o whit the kintra's name suggests (*verde* is Portuguese for "green"). The name o the kintra stems insteid frae the naurhaun Cap Vert, on the Senegalese coast.

## References
Maldonado, Uruguay

**Maldonado** is the caipital o Uruguay´s Maldonado Depairtment. Its population, as o 2004, wis 54,603.

## History

Maldonado wis foondit in 1755 at the initiative o the Govrenor o Montevideo Joaquin de Viana.  It wis firmly established bi the arrival o 104 permanent settlers in 1757. Its oreeginal name wis **Maldonado**, but, years later, its name was chynged tae **San Fernando de Maldonado**, in honor o King Ferdinand VI o Spain.

## Main sichts

Remarkable sichts in Maldonado include:

***San Fernando de Maldonado Cathedral**, a neoclassic cathedral begun in 1801 an completit in 1895;
***Cuartel de Dragones** (The Dragoons' Barracks), a Spainyie garrison begun in 1771 an completit in 1797;
***Torre del Vigia** (meanin "touer o vigilance" or, mair simply, "watchtouer"), built in 1800 unner the direction o Rafael Pérez del Puerto, its function wis tae inform the authorities o the entrance in Buenos Aires o the approach o ony ship tae the Río de la Plata;
***El Puente de la Barra**, a stressed ribbon bridge, where the roadbed swoops up, doun, an back up an doun ance mair, demonstratin an exceptional economy o material;
*Casapueblo hotel

## Notes

## See an aa

* Maldonado Depairtment Main Urban Centres

## Freemit airtins

* Many pictures of Maldonado, Punta del Este, Punta Ballena, Casapueblo, José Ignacio, Piriápolis, La Barra, Sierra De Las Animas 
* The Maldonado Portal
Hussein o Jordan

**Hussein bin Talal** (, **; 14 November 1935 – 7 Februar 1999) wis the third Keeng o Jordan frae the abdication o his faither, Keeng Talal, in 1952, till his daith. Hussein lead Jordan throu the Cauld War an fower decades o Arab-Israeli conflict. He recognised Israel in 1994, becomin the seicont Arab heid o state tae dae sae.

Hussein's faimily claims a line o strynd frae the Islamic prophet Muhammad. "We are the family o the prophet an we are the auldest tribe in the Arab warld," the king ance said o his Hashemite ancestry.

## References
Muhammad Husayn Haykal

**Muhammad Hussein Haekal** (Arabic: ) (August 20, 1888 – December 8 1956) wis an Egyptian writer, jurnalist, politeecian an Meenister o Education in Egyp.

## Life

Heikal wis born in Mansoura, Ad Daqahliyah in 1888. He obtained a B.A. in Law in 1909 and a JD frae the Sorbonne University in 1912. Efter returnin tae Egyp, he wirked as a lawyer for 10 years, then as a jurnalist. He wis electit as editor-in-chief o *[[Al Siyasa]]* newspaper, the organ o "The constitutional Tory party" for which he wis an aa an advisor. In 1937, he wis appointit as Meenister o State for the Interior Meenistry in the Muhammad Mahmoud Pasha's seicont govrenment. Then he was appointed as a Meenister o Education whaur he introduced several reforms, includin decentralization, bi establishin educational zones an makin programs an curricula naitionally orientit. He wis greatly influenced an inspired bi the comprehensive reforms o Mohammad Abduh, Ahmad Lutfy El Sayed an Qasim Amin. Haikal is the faither o Fayza Haikal who teaches Egyptology at the American University in Cairo.

He dee'd in 1956.

## Works
His wirks include:
* *[[Zaynab (novelle)|Zeinab]]*, 1914; the first modren Egyptian novel.
* *[[Biographies of Egyptian and Western Personalities]]*, 1929.
* *[[The Life of Muhammad]]*, 1933; a biography o Muhammad.
* *[[In the House of Revelation]]*, 1939.
* *[[Al Farouq Omar]]*,1944/45.
* *[[Memories on Egyptian politics]]*, 1951-53.
* *[[Thus Was I Created]]*,1955.
* *[[Faith, Knowledge and Philosophy]]*, published in 1964.
* *[[The Islamic Empire and sacred places]]*, published in 1964 .
* *[[Egyptian short stories]]*, published in 1967.
* *[[Othman Ibn Affan]]*, published in 1968.
* *[[Mehraj-ud-din beigh]]*, Arabic master.

## References
* Heykal  from Egypt state information service.

## Freemit airtins
* The Life of Muhammad , English translation.
Zifta

**Zifta**: (Arabic زفتى) (kent as "Zefta" an aw) is an Egyptian toun in the Nile delta, belangin tae the Gharbia Govrenorate. It is athort the Nile frae Mit Ghamr in the Dakahlia Govrenorate.

## History
Zifta is weel kent in the modern Egyptian history durin the 1919 uprising, o late cawed Egyptian Revolution o 1919, whan the British occupation expellt Saad Zaghloul Pasha oot o Egypt alang ither leaders o Wafd Party an wur exilled tae Malta, the fowk o Zifta, lead bi Youssef El Guindi, gaithert an declared their independence o the croun and cried it Zifta Republic.

Zifta is the location o ane o the Nile barrages biggit durin 1881-1952 tae control the Nile flow.
El-Mahalla El-Kubra

**El-Mahalla El-Kubra** () is a muckle industrial and agricultural city in Egypt. Located in the middle of the Nile Delta on the western bank of the Damietta branch, it is known for its dominant textile industry. It is the mucklest city of the Gharbia Govrenorate, with a population of approximately 442,000 inhabitants (2001 statistics).

El-Mahalla el-Kubra is hame tae the lairgest public sector Egyptian textile company, the Misr Spinning and Weaving Company (), employing 27,000.

The ceety is an aa famous for its twa fitbaa teams: Ghazl Al-Mehalla an Baladeyet Al-Mahalla.
Talas, Kyrgyzstan

**Talas** is a sma town in northwastren Kyrgyzstan, locatit in the Talas River valley atween twa imposing muntain ranges. Its geographical location is  an its population is 32,538 (as o 1999). It is the admeenistrative heidquarters o Talas Province.  The toun wis foondit bi East Slavic settlers in 1877. To the south is the Besh-Tash (five rocks) valley with the Besh-Tash National Park.

## Owerview
Its economy traditionally orientit towards the auncient ceety o Taraz (ance named Talas an Dzhambul) in present day Kazakhstan, the Talas valley haes suffered severely frae the imposition o rigid border controls bi Kazakhstan follaein the demise o the Soviet Union, as transport an trade links tae the rest o Kyrgyzstan are nou constrained bi the formidable muntains separatin it frae the Chuy Valley an Bishkek.  The anerlie motorable road tae Bishkek an the rest o the kintra rises tae a heicht o mair nor 3500 m abuin sea level ower the Ötmök Pass (closed in winter) afore descendin in mony turns tae the Chuy Valley an Bishkek.

## Manas
The meethical Kyrgyz naitional hero, Manas, is said tae hae been born in the Ala Too muntains in Talas oblast. A few kilometers ootside Talas lies a mausoleum, supposedly that o Manas, cried the *Kümböz Manas*. Housomeivver, the inscription on its richly-decoratit facade dedicates it tae "...the maist glorious o women Kenizek-Khatun, the dochter o the Emir Abuka". Legend explains that Manas' wife Kanikey ordered a deliberately false inscription in order tae mislead her husband's enemies an prevent the desecration o his body. The biggin, kent as "Manastin Khumbuzu" or "The Ghumbez of Manas", is thocht tae hae been built in 1334. It nou contains a museum dedicatit tae the epic. A ceremonial mound an aa lies nearbi.

## Sports
The toun haes a bandy club.

## References

*Brief information in English 
*Kyzlasov I.L., "Runic Scripts of Eurasian Steppes", Moscow, Eastern Literature, 1994, ISBN 5-02-017741-5

## Freemit airtins
*The Mausoleum o Manas 
*Talasmost.kg: A new web site for former Talas residents and anyone interested in the city (in Russian) 
*The web site of the citizen radio Radiomost in Talas (in Russian)
Kyzyl-Adyr

**Kyzyl-Adyr** (formerly Kirovka) is a veelage in the Kara-Buura Destrict o Talas Province o Kyrgyzstan.  Tae the north is the Kirovskaya Reservoir. Frae the main east-wast hieway through Talas Province, ane road goes north tae Taraz in Kazakhstan an anither goes sooth tae Jalal-Abad Province ower the Kara-Buura Pass tae the Chatkal Valley (see Ala-Buka).
Kaitlyn Farrington

**Kaitlyn Farrington** (* 18 December 1989) is an American snawbuirder. She is uisually in the discipline o haufpipe, but an aa Slope Style.

## Career
Farrington, frae Bellevue, hae competit in snawbuird competitions syne 2001  an is a member of the U.S. junior team. She quotit: *"If everything seems under control, you must not be going fast enough!" – *

In 2006 an 2007 Farrington stairtit anerlie in FIS races in the USA an wis obtained wi a victory  at Mount Bachelor, Oregon in the Slopestyle, twa second, three third an - except for ane race - placements unner the first convincin ten. In Mairch 2007, at her first stairt in the Warld Cup in Lake Placid, she finished a remarkable 15t in the (hauf pipe). In the follaein saison 2007/2008 they run anerlie three competitions, in Stoneham, Calgary an Saas Fee but wan anither victory in a FIS race in Oregon again, this time in Mount Hood Meadows an in the haufpipe. At the end o the saison, she became finisht seicont in haufpipe at the Junior Warld Championships (FIS Junior World Championships) in Valmalenco.

In the prelude tae the 2009 saison, she managed tae saxt place in the New Zealand Cardrona her first top-ten finishe in the Warld Cup.

## Achievements
* 2008 Vizejuniorenweltmeisterin Halfpipe

## References


## Weblinks

* Biographie bei expn.go.com (englisch)
Kevin Pearce

**Kevin Pearce** (born November 1, 1987) is an American snawbuirder. He wis born in Hanover, New Hampshire, an raised in Hartland, Vermont afore movin wi his parents tae Norwich, Vermont.

## Career
Pearce wan The Arctic Challenge in 2007 an completit back-tae-back titles wi victory in 2008. He wis an aa the first man tae earn twa Air & Style rings in ane saison, winnin the Nokia Air & Style in Munich in 2007 an the Billabong Air & Style in Innsbruck in 2008.

In the 2007–08 saison he wan the Swatch TTR World Snowboard Tour, garnerin the TTR Warld Tour Champion title.

He wan three medals at the 2008 Winter X Games XII in Aspen, Colorado. He wis an aa the first athlete in X Games history tae compete in three medal events in ane day.

Pearce is a member o the Frends Crew (spelled athoot the "i" tae emphasize the collective nature o the group) made up of snawbuirders Mason Aguirre, Danny Davis, Scotty Lago, Keir Dillon, Jack Mitrani an Luke Mitrani. Frends is group o riders who turned their initial friendship intae a formal alliance in 2007 tae move the sport away frae its recent competitive an business focus an return the sport tae its grassruits, collegial beginnins.

## References
Ismailia Govrenorate

**Ismailia Governorate** () is ane o the govrenorates o Egyp, in the north east o the kintra. Its caipital is the ceety o Ismailia.

## Freemit airtins
*Ismailia Govrenorate  Offeecial wabsteid
Dunbar

**Dunbar** is a toun in East Lowden on the sootheast coast o Scotland, approximately 28 mile east o Edinburgh an 28 mile frae the Inglis Mairch at Berwick Upon Tweed. It haes a population o aboot 12,000 (2001 census).

Dunbar is an umwhile Ryal Burgh that gied its name tae an ecclesiastical an civil pairish. The pairish extends aroond 7½ mile east tae wast an is 3½ mile deep at greatest extent (12 x 5.5 kilometre) or 11¼ square mile (c. 3000 hectare) an haes the veelages o Wast Barns, Belhaven, East Barns (abandoned) an seevral hamlets an ferms. 

Its strategic poseetion gied rise tae a history ful o incident an strife but Dunbar haes become a quate dormitory toun kenspeckle wi wirkers in nearby Edinburgh, wha find it an affordable alternative tae the caipital itsel. Till the 1960s the population o the toun wis little mair nor 3,500.

The toun is serred bi Dunbar railwey station.  Dunbar is hame tae the Dunbar Lifeboat Station, the seicont auldest RNLI station in Scotland.

## References
Andrew Burton

**Andrew Burton** born (28 October 1974) is an Australian hauf-pipe snawbuirder. He competit in the 2006 Winter Olympics an placed 34t an 26t in his qualification runs. He ranked 32nt oot o 44 competitors an did no make the final.

At the Warld Championship, his best result wis achieved at the championships in Whistler whaur he teuk 19t place in haufpipe. The best results are achieved in the Warld Cup in the 2006/2007 saison  when he teuk 22nt place oweraw an wis fowert halfpipe'a classification.

In 2007, Burton retired.
## References
Provinces o Sooth Africae

Sooth Africae is currently dividit intae nine **provinces**. On the eve o the 1994 general election, Sooth Africae's umwhile hamelands, forby kent as Bantustans, wur reintegratit an the fower existin provinces wur dividit intae nine. The twalft, thirteent an sixteenth amendments tae the constitution chynged the borders o seiven o the provinces. The provinces are as follaes:

**¹:** The Prince Edward Islands, Sooth African territories in the sub-Antarctic Indie Ocean that are pairt o the Wastren Cape for legal purposes, are no includit in these statistics.

**²:** Pietermaritzburg an Ulundi wur joint caipitals o KwaZulu-Natal frae 1994 tae 2004.

## History

Syne the establishin o the Union o Sooth Africae in 1910, Sooth Africae haed fower provinces consistin o the diveesions which existit prior tae the Seicont Boer War:  twa Breetish colonies (the Cape Colony an Natal Colony) an twa Boer republics (the Orange Free State an Transvaal Republic).  Segregation o the black population stairtit as early as 1913, wi awnership o land bi the black majority being restrictit tae certain auries totalin aboot 13% o the kintra.  Frae the late 1950s, these auries wur gradually consolidatit intae "hamelands" or "bantustans," which served as the *[[de jure]]* naitional states o the black population durin the apartheid era.  In 1976, the hameland o Transkei wis the first tae accept independence frae Sooth Africae, an although this unthirldom wis niver acknowledged bi ony ither kintra, three ither hamelands follaed suit.

### Provinces frae 1910 tae 1994
*Cape Province (Cape Toon)
*Natal (Pietermaritzburg)
*Orange Free State (Bloemfontein)
*Transvaal (Pretoria)

### Independent Hamelands
These Independent Hamelands wur kent as the TBVC States.
*Transkei (Mthatha). Declared independent in 1976.
*Bophuthatswana (Mmabatho). Declared independent in 1977.
*Venda (Thohoyandou). Declared independent in 1979
*Ciskei  (Bhisho). Declared independent in 1981.

### Non-Independent Hamelands
*Gazankulu  (Giyani)
*KaNgwane  (Louieville)
*KwaNdebele (Siyabuswa)
*KwaZulu (Ulundi)
*Lebowa (Lebowakgomo)
*Qwaqwa (Phuthaditjhaba)

## Siclike pages
* Elections in Sooth Africae
* Prince Edward Islands
* Walvis Bay
* ISO 3166-2:ZA

## References
Helwan

**Helwan** (), an aa spelled *Hilwan* or *Hulwan* or *Holwan*, is a ceety in Egyp on the bank o the Nile river, opposite the ruins o Memphis. Oreeginally a soothren suburb o Cairo, it served as the caipital o the nou defunct Helwan Govrenorate frae Aprile 2008 tae Aprile 2011, efter which it wis re-incorporatit intae the Cairo Govrenorate. The *kism* o Helwan haed a population o 643,327 at the 2006 population census.

## History
The Khedivial Astronomical Observatory wis built here 1903-1904, an wis uised tae observe Halley's comet. The Behman Hospital, Egyp's auldest an lairgest private psychiatric clinic, wis built there in 1939.

Durin the early pairt o the 20t century, the ceety wis the site o RAF Helwan, a major Breetish airbase, which wis later uised bi the Egyptian Air Force.

In Aprile 2008, pairts o the admeenistrative diveesion o the Cairo govrenorate wis split intae twa, Cairo an Helwan, wi Helwan encompassin maist o the suburbs o Cairo, new compunds an rural soothren veelages. Helwan became the caipital o the new Helwan Govrenorate. Follaein the dissolution o the Helwan Govrenorate in Aprile 2011, the ceety o Helwan wis reincorporatit intae the Cairo Govrenorate.

## Economy
Local industry includes iron, steel, textiles an cement. The aurie haes hot sulphur springs, an astronomical observatory, the Helwan University an a burial chamber (discovered in 1946). It is the terminus o the Cairo's licht rail Metro Line 1.

## Destricts
The Helwan govrenorate bundary includes the follaein destricts: Maadi, Helwan, 15t o Mey, El-Sherouk ceety, El-Obour ceety, Badr ceety, New Cairo destricts such as Madinaty, El-Rehab ceety, the Fift compund destrict (El-Tagammu' El-Khames).

The ceety o Helwan itsel includes destricts such as Wadi Hof, Hadayek Helwan, an Maasara.

## See an aa
* Helwan University

## Freemit airtins
*  Helwan on Wikivoyage

## References
Gauteng

**Gauteng** ( or ; ) is ane o the nine provinces o Sooth Africae. It wis formit frae pairt o the auld Transvaal Province efter Sooth Africae's first aw-race elections on 27 Aprile 1994. It wis initially namit Pretoria-Witwatersrand-Vereeniging (or PWV) an wis renamit 'Gauteng' in December 1994.

Situatit in the hert o the Highveld, Gauteng is the smawest province in Sooth Africae, wi anerlie 1.4% o the land aurie, but it is heichlie urbanised, containin the ceeties o Johannesburg an Pretoria.  , it haed a population of nearly 10.5 million, makin it the maist populous province in Sooth Africae.

## Etymology
The name *Gauteng* comes frae the Sesotho wird meanin "Place o Gowd", the historical Sesotho name for Johannesburg an surroondin auries.  This referred tae the thrivin gowd industry in the province follaein the 1886 discovery o gowd in Johannesburg. The Sesotho wird is a locative derived frae the Afrikaans *goud* (gowd) plus the locative suffix "-ng."  When properly pronoonced, the first letter o the name Gauteng is a voiceless velar fricative, pronoonced similarly tae the "ch" in the German *achtung* or Scots *loch*.  This pronunciation is naitural in baith the Sesotho an Afrikaans leids.

## References
Ayutthaya

**Ayutthaya** (an aa spelled **Ayudhya** or **Ayuthia**) mey refer tae:

*Ayutthaya Kinrick, a Thai kinrick that existit frae 1350 tae 1767
*Ayutthaya Historical Pairk, the ruins o the auld capital ceety o the Ayutthaya Kinrick
*The follaeing places which are situatit in the aurie o the auld caipital ceety o the kinrick:
**Ayutthaya (ceety) (offeecially Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya)
**Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya Destrict, the destrict coverin the ceety
**Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya Province
*Bank o Ayudhya, a Thai commercial bank

## See an aa
*Ayodhya, a ceety in Uttar Pradesh, Indie
Balqa Govrenorate

**Balqa**' ( *Al Balqā*) is ane o the govrenorates o Jordan. It is locatit northwast o Amman, Jordan's caipital.

The govrenorate haes the fowert lairgest population o the 12 govrenorates o Jordan, an is ranked 10t bi aurie. It haes the third heichest population density in the kinrick efter Irbid Govrenorate an Jerash Govrenorate. 

## Ceeties an Admeenistrative Departments
The caipital o Balqa' Govrenorate is Salt. Balqa includes ither ceeties such as Mahis, Fuhais an, Ain el Basha

Balqa' is dividit intae 5 depairtments:
* Al-Balqa
* Ardhah
* Salt
* Deir Alla
* Shuna al-Janibiyya

The caipital an lairgest ceety is As-Salt, ither major ceeties are Fuheis, an Mahis 

## Economy
Due tae its fertile muntains, the govrenorate's economy is based on agricultur, an a licht industry, mainly the Cement factory in Fuheis bi the Jordan Cement Factories Ltd- Lafarge. 

## References
Zarqa Govrenorate

**Zarqa Governorate** (Arabic **محافظة الزرقاء** *az-Zarqā*, local dialects *ez-Zergā* or *ez-Zer'a*, "The Blue Ane") is the third lairgest govrenorate in Jordan in population. The caipital o Zarqa govrenorate is Zarqa Ceety, which is the lairgest ceety in the govrenorate. It is locatit 25&nbsp;km east o the Jordanian caipital Amman. The seicont lairgest ceety in the govrenorate is Russeifa.

Zarqa Govrenorte hosts the lairgest military an air bases for the Jordan airmed forces in the kinrick.

## History

The land o Zarqa Govrenorate haes been inhabitit syne the Bronze Age, maist prominent wur the Ammonite kinrick an the Nabateans constructit Al-Hallabat Palace, which then wis uised as a fort bi the Romans.
The maist significant historical remains are the Umayyad desert pailaces, sic as Qasr Amra, a Warld Heritage site, Qasr Al Hallabat, an Qasr Shabib.

Efter the construction o the Hidjaz railwey bi the Ottoman Turks at the beginnin o the 1900's, Zarqa became a strategically important hub that connects Damascus tae Medina, the ceeties alang the railwey stairtit flourishin. Later, Jordan's Arab Legion led bi Glubb Pasha haed its main bases in Zarqa.

## Geography
Zarqa Govrenorate borders Mafraq Govrenorate frae the north an northeast, Amman Govrenorate frae the sooth an soothwast, Jerash an Balqa Govrenorates frae the wast. It an aa shares an internaitional mairch wi Saudi Arabie in its sooth eastren edge.

## Demographics
The census o 2004 shows that the population o Zarqa Govrenorate for that year wis 727,268 o whom 94.5% is considered urban population an 5.5% is a rural population. Jordanian ceetizens made up 97% o the population. The female tae male ratio wis 46% tae 54%.

## Admeenistrative Depairtments

## Economy
Due tae its close location tae the populated ceeties in Jordan, Zarqa Governorate haes the lairgest nummer o factories in Jordan, Jordan's anly ile refinery plant is locatit in zarqa.

The lairgest air base in the kintra, Muwaffaq al Salti Airbase is locatit in Azraq. Thare are twa varsities in Zarqa Governorate, Hashemite University, an Zarqa Private University.

## References
Mafraq Govrenorate

**Mafraq** (Arabic **محافظة المفرق** *Al-Mafraq*, local dialects *Mafrag* or *Mafra' *) is ane o the govrenorates o Jordan, locatit tae the north-east o Amman, caipital o Jordan. It haes a population o 254,219 (2000) wi a percentage o 4.5% o Jordan's population.  Its caipital is Mafraq, which is kent for its military bases.

## Geography

The province is locatit in the eastren pairt o the kinrick o Jordan, It is the anerlie govrenorate in Jordan that haes borders wi three kintras: Iraq tae the east, Sirie tae the north, an Saudi Arabie tae the sooth. It is bordered bi Irbid, Jerash, an Zarqa govrenorates frae the wast.
Mafraq govrenorate covers the seicont lairgest aurie in the kinrick, but yet the seicont smawest population density (efter Ma'an)
the climate is dry maist o the year. The wastren region o the province is pairt o the fertile Houran plateaus, that extend throu soothren Sirie, the Golan Heights an northren Jordan.

## Admeenistrative diveesions
Mafraq Governorate is dividit intae fower depairtments accordin tae airticle 10 o the 46t Admeenistrative Diveesions Seestem o the Kinrick o Jordan bi the Meenistry o Interior which wis ratified in the year 2000:

## Economy
Agriculture forms a central element o the economy for Mafraq Govrenorate, especially in the Houran Plateaus in the wastren pairt o the province. The tot aurie o fruit farms in the province in 2008 wis 48.676 Km2, wi a tot production o 101874 tons o fruits mainly apples an peaches, accordin tae the meenistry o Agricultur . The tot aurie o vegetable farms in the province for 2008 wis 8.295 Km2 wi a tot production o 15540 tons, wi cabbitch, ingans, garlic, an lettuce bein the main products .

Thare is ane naitural gas production field at Al-Reeshah, it is run bi the Jordanian Naitional Petroleum Company. In 2008, Breetish Petroleum purchased the richts tae produce naitural gas in the field, an is expected tae increase its capacity frae 21 cubic feet (0.59 m3) tae 300 million cubic feet per day in the next five years. The naitural gas produced at Al-Reeshah is uised entirely for producin electricity at a nearbi electricity generatin station wi a capacity o 120 Megawatts, coverin 12% o the tot needs o the kinrick for the year 2008 .

The ceety o Mafraq hosts Al al-Bayt University, which is the anerlie varsity in the governorate.

## References
Zarqa

**Zarqa** (; BGN: **Az Zarqāʼ**; local pronunciation *ez-Zergā*, *ez-Zer'a*, or *ez-Zarka*) is a ceety in Jordan locatit tae the northeast o Amman. Zarqa is the caipital o Zarqa Govrenorate (Arabic *Muhāfazat az-Zarqā*). Its name means "the blue ane".

## Owerview

Zarqa is Jordan's industrial centre, hame taw ower 50% o Jordanian factories. The growthe o industry in the ceety is the result o law real estate costs an proximity tae the caipital, Amman. The ceety o Zarqa wis established bi immigrants frae the Caspian Sea region at the beginnin o the twintiet century, initially on the banks o the Zarqa River, the population grew steadily wi the construction o the Hejaz railway bi the Ottomans. The bases o the Jordanian airmy, umwhile caeed the Arab Legion, wur locatit in Zarqa.

## History
The first dounset in the ceety wis in 1902 bi Chechen immigrants who wur displaced frae the wars atween the Ottoman an Roushie Empires. Thay settled alang the Zarqa River. At that time a station on the Hejaz railway wis biggit in the new dounset, this railway station turned Zarqa intae an important hub. On Aprile 10, 1905 the Ottoman govrenor issued a decree that alloued the Chechen immigrants tae awn lands which thay settled on. The population then quickly grew in size. On November 18, 1928 the new Jordanian govrenment issued a decree tae establish the first municipal cooncil for Zarqa.

Efter the Jordan Frontier Force wis formed in 1926, military bases wur constructit in the ceety bi the Breetish airmy, an the ceety later became kent as the "military ceety".

 

## Destricts o Greater Zarqa Municipality
The ceety o Zarqa is dividit intae five destricts that aw thegither hae an aurie o aboot 60 km2, an anither twa destricts athin the radius o influence o the ceety.

## Transport
A new railway will be constructit tae connect Amman wi Az-Zarqa. The project is nou bein developed bi a Spainyie engineerin company an will be peyed wi Kuwaiti funds.

## Education
Thare are three varsities in Zarqa:
Hashemite University, Al-Balqa Applee'd University-Zarqa college, an Zarqa Private University.

## See an aa
* Railway stations in Jordan
* Abu Musab al-Zarqawi

## References

## Freemit airtins
* Zarqa Discussion Forum
North Gaza Govrenorate

The **North Gaza Governorate** () is ane o 16 Govrenorates o Palestine in the Gaza Strip which is admeenistered bi the Palestinian National Authority aside frae its border wi Israel, airspace an maritime territory. Accordin to the Palestinian Central Bureau o Statistics, the Govrenorate haed a population o 270,245 (7.2% o the Palestinian population) wi 40,262 hoosehaulds in mid-year 2007 encompassin three municipalities, twa rural destricts an ane refugee camp.

It haes five seats in the Palestinian Legislative Cooncil, in 2006 they wur aw wan bi members o Hamas.

## Localities
* al-Beddawiya
* Beit Hanoun
* Beit Lahia
* Izbat Beit Hanun
* Jabalia

## Footnotes

## Freemit airtins
*Palestinian website
Gaza Govrenorate

The **Gaza Govrenorate** () is ane o 16 Govrenorates o Palestine locatit in the north central Gaza Strip which is admeenistered bi the Palestinian Naitional Authority aside frae its mairch wi Israel, airspace an maritime territory. Accordin tae the Palestinian Central Bureau o Statistics, the destrict's population wis 505,700 in 2006. Aw o its seats wur wan bi Hamas members in the 2006 parliamentary elections. It is govrened b Mohammed Qadoura.

The govrenorate consists o ane ceety, three touns an a nummer o refugee camps.

## Localities
### Ceeties
* Gaza (seat)

### Veelage cooncils
* Juhor ad-Dik
* Madinat al-Awda
* al-Mughraqa (Abu Middein)

### Refugee camps
* al-Shati (camp) (Beach camp)

### Municipality
* Al-Zhara'

## Source
* Gaza Govrenorate Localities
Deir al-Balah Govrenorate

The **Deir el-Balah Govrenorate** () is ane o 16 Govrenorates o Palestine in the central Gaza Strip which is admeenistered bi the Palestinian Naitional Authority aside frae its border wi Israel, airspace an maritime territory. Its total land aurie consists o 0.56 sq. kilometers. Accordin tae the Palestinian Central Bureau o Statistics, in mid-year 2006 it haed a population o 208,716 inhabitants distributit atween aicht localities.

## Localities
### Ceeties
* Deir al-Balah

### Municipalities
* az-Zawayda

### Village cooncils
* al-Musaddar
* Wadi as-Salqa

### Refugee camps
* Bureij
* Deir al-Balah camp
* Maghazi
* Nuseirat

## Freemit airtins
Jerusalem Govrenorate

The **Jerusalem Governorate** () is ane o 16 Palestinian govrenorates situatit in the central portion o the Wast Bank. Its claimed destrict caipital is East Jerusalem. The total land aurie o the governorate is 331.6&nbsp;km2. An aa, Adnan al-Husayni, who is the govrenor haes been appointit bi the govrenment syne 2008.

Accordin tae the Palestinian Central Bureau o Statistics, the governorate haed a population o 429,500 residents in 2005, accoontin for 10.5% o Palestinians livin in the State o Palestine.

## Localities
### Ceeties
* Abu Dis
* al-Eizariya
* ar-Ram

### Municipalities
* Biddu
* Beit 'Anan
* Bir Nabala
* Hizma
* Kafr Aqab
* Qatanna

### Village cooncils
* 'Anata
* Arab al-Jahalin
* Beit 'Anan
* Beit Duqqu
* Beit Hanina
* Beit Iksa
* Beit Sirik
* Jaba'
* al-Jib
* al-Judeira
* Kalandia
* Mikhmas
* Rafat
* as-Sawahira ash Sharqiya
* az-Za'ayyem

### East Jerusalem neighborhuids

* Abu Tor
* Beit Hanina
* Beit Safafa
* Isawiya
* Jabal Mukabar
* Old City
* Ras al-Amud
* Sheikh Jarrah
* Shu'fat
* Silwan
* Sharafat 
* Sur Baher
* at-Tur
* Umm Tuba
* Wadi al-Joz
* al-Walaja (pairt o Bethlehem Govrenorate an East Jerusalem)

## See an aa
* Govrenorates o the Palestine
* Positions on Jerusalem
* Jerusalem Destrict

## Source
* Administrative divisions in Palestine 

## References
Rafah Govrenorate

The **Rafah Governorate** () is an admeenistrative destrict o the Palestinian Naitional Authority in the soothrenmaist portion o the Gaza Strip. Its destrict caipital or *muhfaza* is the ceety o Rafah locatit on the border wi Egyp. Accordin tae the Palestinian Central Bureau o Statistics the govrenorate haed a population o 171,363 in mid-year 2006. It contains the closed doun Yasser Arafat Internaitional Airport.

## Localities
* al-Bayuk
* al-Mawasi
* al-Qarya as-Suwaydiya
* Rafah (capital)
* Shokat as-Sufi

## Refugee camps
*Tall as-Sultan
*Rafah camp

## See an aa
* Govrenorates o Palestine

## References
* http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/middle_east_and_asia/gaza_strip_1999.jpg
* http://www.pcbs.gov.ps/Portals/_pcbs/populati/pop16.aspx
Tubas Govrenorate

The **Tubas Govrenorate** () is an admeenistrative destrict o the Palestine in the northeastren Wast Bank. It destrict caipital or *muhfaza* is the ceety o Tubas. In 2007, the population wis 50,267.

## Localities
There are 23 localities locatit athin the govrenorate's jurisdiction.

### Ceeties
*Tubas

### Municipalities
*'Aqqaba 
*Tammun

### Veelage cooncils
*Bardala
*Ein al-Beida
*Kardala
*Ras al-Far'a
*Tayasir
*Wadi al-Far'a

### Veelage clusters
*al-Bikai'a

### Refugee camps
*Far'a

## References

## See an aa
* Govrenorates o Palestine
Khan Yunis Govrenorate

The **Khan Yunis Govrenorate** () is ane o 16 Govrenorates o Palestine, locatit in the soothren Gaza Strip. Its destrict caipital is Khan Yunis. The govrenorate haes a total population o approximately 280,000. Its land aurie is 69.61% urban, 12.8% rural an 17.57% comprising the Khan Yunis refugee camp.

## Localities
### Ceeties
*Abasan al-Kabera
*Bani Suheila
*Khan Yunis

### Municipalities
*Abasan al-Saghira
*Khuza'a
*al-Qarara

### Village cooncils
*al-Fukhari
*Qa' al-Kharaba
*Qa' al-Qurein
*Qizan an-Najjar
*Umm Kameil
*Umm al-Kilab

## References
Jericho Govrenorate

The **Jericho Governorate** () is ane o 16 Govrenorates o Palestine (admeenistrative destricts) athin the Palestine. It is locatit alang the eastren auries o the Wast Bank, alang the northren Dead Sea an soothren Jordan River valley borderin Jordan. The Governorate spans wast tae the muntains east o Ramallah an the eastren slopes o Jerusalem, includin the northren reaches o the Judean desert. The population o the Jericho Govrenorate is estimatit tae be 31,501, includin approximately 6,000 Palestinian refugees in the Govrenorate's camps.

Agricultur is important tae the economy in the destrict, especially in the valley near Jericho, its caipital. Jericho is aften considered the auldest conteenous dounset in the warld; its mony historic an archaeological sites attract numerous tourists tae the aurie.

Elishia's Park (cried Elisee's Spring an Ein el-Sultan an aw) is an oasis in the Jericho Destrict that is hame tae orcharts, palm groves, bananae plantations, an ither flora.

On November 7, 1927, a major yirdquauk epicentered near Jericho, which lies on the Great Rift Valley, killed 350 fowk an caused major damage in the Breetish Mandate for Palestine.

## Localities
### Ceeties
* Jericho

### Municipalities
* al-Auja
* al-Jiftlik

### Veelages
* al-Fasa'il
* an-Nuway'imah
* Ein ad-Duyuk at-Tahta
* Ein ad-Duyuk at-Foqa
* az-Zubaidat

### Refugee camps
* Aqabat Jaber
* Ein as-Sultan

## References
Hebron Govrenorate

The **Hebron Governorate** () is an admeenistrative destrict o Palestine in the soothren Wast Bank. It goes doun tae an includes the Dead Sea (except that bit which is pairt o Israel.

The govrenorate's land aurie is 1,060 square kilometers an its population accordin tae the Palestinian Central Bureau o Statistics in mid-year 2006 wis 542,593. This makes the Hebron Govrenorate the lairgest o 16 govrenorates in baith population an land aurie in the Palestine. The ceety o Hebron is the destrict caipital or *muhfaza* (seat) o the govrenorate. The govrenor is Hussein al-A'araj an its diestrict commander is Abdel Fattah al-Ju’eidi.

## Localities
The Hebron Govrenorate haes a total o seiven ceeties an aichteen touns. The govrenorate an aa contains mair nor 100 Bedouin veelages an settlements that are no leetit belaw.

### Ceeties
* Dura
* Halhul
* Hebron (capital)
* Yatta
* ad-Dhahiriya

### Municipalities
The follaein localities hae municipality status frae the Meenistry o Local Govrenment o the Palestinian Naitional Authority.

* Bani Na'im
* Beit 'Awwa
* Beit Ula
* Beit Ummar
* Deir Sammit
* Idhna
* Kharas

* Nuba
* Sa'ir
* as-Samu
* Surif
* Tarqumiya
* Taffuh

### Veelage cooncils
The follaein hae populations ower 1,000 bodies.

* Beit 'Amra
* Beit Einun
* Beit Kahil
* Beit ar-Rush al-Fauqa
* al-Burj
* Deir al-'Asal al-Fauqa
* ad-Duwwara
* Hadab al-Fawwar
* al-Heila
* Hureiz
* Imreish
* Jab'a
* Karma
* al-Karmil
* Khalet al-Maiyya
* Khursa

* al-Kum
* Khirbet Safa
* Khirbat al-Simia
* Kuseis
* al-Majd
* Qalqas
* Qila
* al-Ramadien
* ar-Rihiya
* ash-Shuyukh
* Shuyukh al-Arrub
* as-Sura
* at-Tabaqa
* al-Uddeisa
* Zif

### Refugee camps
* al-Arroub
* al-Fawwar

## See an aa
* Govrenorates o Palestine

## Freemit airtins