open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Poti

**Poti** (; Mingrelian: ფუთი; Laz: ფაში/Fashi; umwhile kent tae the Turks as *Faş*) is a port ceety in Georgie, locatit on the eastren Black Sea coast in the region o Samegrelo-Zemo Svaneti in the wast o the kintra. Built near the steid o the auncient Greek colony o Phasis, the ceety haes acome a major port ceety an industrial center syne the early 20t century. It is an aw hame tae a main naval base an the headquarters o the Georgie navy.

## Geography an climate
Poti is situatit  wast o Georgie’s caipital, Tbilisi, in a mairshy delta creatit bi the major river o wastren Georgie, the Rioni, at its entrance intae the Black Sea. The ceety lees at an altitude o twa meters abuin sea level. A portion o Poti's environs recovered frae the marshes nou accommodate citrus plantation. The ceety is surroondit bi the Kolkheti Naitional Pairk. It is flanked bi the smaw river Kaparchina tae the sooth-east an Lake Paliastomi tae the sooth-wast. Some  tae the sooth is the veelage Maltaqva, a local beach resort. The ceety's climate is humid subtropical wi mild an warm winters an het simmers. The average annual temperatur is 14.1&nbsp;°C; 2&nbsp;°C in Januar, an 22.9&nbsp;°C in Julie.

## Etymology
The name Poti is apparently linked tae Phasis, but the etymology is a matter o a scholarly dispute. "Phasis" () is first recordit in Hesiod's *[[Theogony]]* (c. 700 BC) as a name o the river, no a toun. Syne Erich Diehl, 1938, first suggestit a non-Hellenic oreegin o the name an assertit that Phasis micht hae been a derivative o a local hydronym, several explanations hae been proposed, linkin the name tae the Georgie-Zan **Poti*, Svan **Pasid*, an even tae a Semitic wird, meanin "a gowd river."

## Internaitional relations
### Twin touns — Sister ceeties

*  LaGrange, Georgie, USA
*  Burgas, Bulgarie
*  Larnaca, Cyprus
*  Aktau, Kazakhstan (2005)
*  Nafplio, Greece

## Notes

## References
*Otar Lordkipanidze (2000), *Phasis: The River and City in Colchis*. Franz Steiner Verlag, ISBN 3515070702.
*Stephen F. Jones (2005), *Socialism in Georgian Colors: The European Road to Social Democracy, 1883-1917*. Harvard University Press, ISBN 0674019024.
*Richard J. A. Talbert *et al.* (ed., 2000), *Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World*. Princeton University Press, ISBN 0691049459.

## External links

* poti.gov.ge (Poti city Portal) 
* Poti ceety wab steid 
* Poti Sea Port Authority 
* Chart of Poti port
* @bbc - The Georgie foreign ministry said the Black Sea port o Poti, which is the steid o a major ile shipment facility, haed been "devastatit" bi a Roushie aerial bombardment.
*
Mtskheta-Mtianeti

**Mtskheta-Mtianeti** (Georgie: მცხეთა-მთიანეთი) is a region in eastren Georgie comprisin the toun o Mtskheta, which serves as the regional caipital, thegither wi its destrict an the adjoinin muntainous auries.

## Freemit airtins
* The Regional Admeenistration o Mtskheta-Mtianeti wabsteid
Admeenistrative diveesions o Georgie (kintra)

**[[Georgie (kintra)|Georgie]]** is dividit intae twae autonomous republics () an nine regions (Georgie: მხარე, *[[mkhare]]*). The nine regions are Guria, Imereti, Kakheti, Kvemo Kartli, Mtskheta-Mtianeti, Racha-Lechkhumi an Kvemo Svaneti, Samegrelo-Zemo Svaneti, Samtskhe-Javakheti, an Shida Kartli.

The autonomous republics (Abkhazia an Adjara) wur established durin the Soviet regime an are recognized bi the modren Georgie Constitution. Abkhazie represents a brakawa republic whose independence is no recognizit internaitionally. De jure, Abkhazia is heidit bi the Chairman o the Supreme Cooncil (in exile) while de facto it is heidit bi the Preses. Adjara, which is heidit bi the Chairman o Cabinet o Meenisters, became fully lyal tae the central authorities o Georgie follaein a peaceful oostin o the umwhile secessionist leader in 2004.

Regions wur established bi Presidential decrees frae 1994 tae 1996, on a provisional basis till the secessionist conflicts in Abkhazie an Sooth Ossetie are resolvit. The regional administration is heidit bi the State Commissioner (Georgie: სახელმწიფო რწმუნებული)&nbsp;– informally *Govrenor*&nbsp;– an offeecial appointit bi the Preses o Georgie. 

The status o the umwhile Sooth Ossetie Autonomous Oblast&nbsp;– Sooth Ossetie (an aw referred tae as *Samachablo* or *Tskhinvali Region*), is the subject of negotiation with the de facto separatist govrenment, heidit bi the Preses. The brakawa republic claims the northren pairt o the Shida Kartli region as its territory, wi sma pairts o neighbourin regions.

The regions are subdividit intae destricts (Georgie: რაიონი):

## See an aw
* ISO 3166-2 codes for regions an autonomous republics o Georgie
* Proveesional Admeenistrative Entity o Sooth Ossetie
Samtskhe-Javakheti

**Samtskhe-Javakheti** () (formerly Meskheti) is a region in soothren Georgie, wi Akhaltsikhe as its caipital. Samtskhe-Javakheti comprises sax admeenistrative destricts: Akhaltsikhe, Adigeni, Aspindza, Borjomi, Akhalkalaki an Ninotsminda. Thare are 5 cities, 7 tounlets, 67 community an veelage *sakrebulos* (assemblies), an 258 veelages in the region. It is bordered bi Guria an Imereti tae the north, Kartli (Shida Kartli an Kvemo Kartli) tae the north-east an tae the east, Armenie an Turkey tae the sooth an Ajara tae the wast. The Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan ile pipeline an the Sooth Caucasus naitural gas pipeline pass throu this region.

## Population
Accordin tae the 2014 census, ethnic Armenies (chiefly concentratit in Akhalkalaki an Ninotsminda districts), are the majority in the region, makin up aboot 50,5% o the population. Thay share the region wi Georgies 48,3%, Pontian Greeks an Osseties. Currently, thay are unnerrepresentit in aw spheres o public life, especially govrenment. Anerlie three o the govrenor’s 26 staff members are Armenie (11 per cent). The same is true for the territorial depairtments o the various meenistries. For instance, anerlie saxteen o 82 staff members (19.5 per cent) o the tax depairtment in Samtskhe-Javakheti are Armenie. Lack o dialogue atween local Armenies an the naitional govrenment in Tbilisi adds tae perceptions o discrimination an alienation. Thare hae been demonstrations, polis brutality an killins in this region.

## Expulsion o Meskhetian Turks frae Meshketi
Meskhetian Turks (or simply Meskhetians) are the umwhile Muslim indwallers o Meskheti (nou kent as Samtskhe) in Georgie, alang the border wi Turkey. Frae 15 November tae 25 November 1944, thay wur deportit in cattle-trucks tae Central Asie bi the order o Stalin an settled athin an aurie that owerlaps the bundaries o the modren naitions o Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, an Uzbekistan. The day, mony are still dispersed athort those kintras. O the 100,000 forcibly deportit, a tot o 10,000 perished.

## Tourist attractions
Twa o the major tourist attractions are the cave monasteries o Vardzia (which wis foondit bi Queen Tamar in 1185) an Vanis Kvabebi (which dates frae the 8t century). Thay are locatit near the toun o Aspindza.

## See an aw
* Meskhetian Turks
* Meskheti

## References

## Ither sources
*Crisis Group Report 
*ICG Report 

## Freemit airtins
*''Friends at Dinner, Foes at Politics'' (aboot socio-economic problems o the region)
*''Obstacles Impeding the Regional Integration of the Javalkheti Region , an ECMI wirkin paper (PDF format)
Adjara

**Adjara** ( ), offeecially the **Autonomous Republic o Adjara** (აჭარის ავტონომიური რესპუბლიკა; ), is an autonomous republic o Georgie.

Adjara is locatit in the soothwastren corner o Georgie, bordered bi Turkey tae the sooth an the eastren end o the Black Sea. Adjara is a hame tae the Adjar ethnic subgroup o Georgies.

Adjara is kent as **Ajara**, **Adzhara**, **Ajaria**, **Adjaria**, **Adzharia**, **Achara**, an **Acharia** an aw. Umwhile Adjara wis kent as **Acara** unner Ottoman rule. It became the Adjarian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic (Adjar ASSR) unner the Soviet Union.

## References

## Freemit airtins
*Govrenment o Adjara 
*Supreme Cooncil o Adjara
*Tourism & Resords Depairtment o Adjara
*Georgie territories: Ajaria - BBC profile
*Islam and Islamic Practices in Georgia 
*In pictures: Ajaria's 'velvet revolution' 2004
Shaki, Azerbaijan

**Shaki** (; til 1968 kent as **Nukha**, **'; wis forbye kent as, **Nucha**, **Noukha**, **Shäki**, an **Sheki''') is a ceety in northwastren Azerbaijan, in the rayon o the same name.

Shaki is situatit in northren Azerbaijan on the soothren pairt o the Greater Caucasus muntain range,  frae Baku. The population o Shaki is 63,000.

## Etymology
Accordin tae the Azerbaijani historians, the name o the toun gaes back tae the ethnonym o the Sakas, wha reakit the territory o modren day Azerbaijan in the 7t century B.C. an populatit it for several centuries. In the medieval sources, the name o the toun is foond in various forms such as Sheke, Sheki, Shaka, Shakki, Shakne, Shaken, Shakkan, Shekin.

## Geography an climate

Shaki is surroondit bi snawy peaks o the Greater Caucasus, in some places reachin 3000–3600 m. Shaki's climate includes a range o cyclones an anticyclones, air masses an local winds. The average annual temperatur in Sheki is 12 °C. In Juin an August, average temperatur varies atween 20 an 25 °C. 

The muntain forests aroond the aurie prevent the ceety frae floods an owerheatin o the aurie in simmer. The main rivers o the ceety are the Kish an Gurjhana. Throu the Soviet rule o Azerbaijan, mony ascendit tae Shaki tae bathe in its prestigious mineral springs.

## Internaitional relations
### Twin touns — Sister ceeties

*  Gabrovo, Bulgarie
*  Slutsk, Belaroushie
*  Giresun, Turkey
*  Zhmerynka, Ukraine
*  Lapseki, Turkey

## References

## Freemit airtins

*
* Azerbaijan Development Gateway - Sheki
Shirvan

**Shirvan** (, prior tae 1938 Zubovka, frae 1938 tae 2008, Ali Bayramli, Azerbaijani: Əli Bayramlı, an aw umwhile, Arab Shakhverdi, is a ceety in Azerbaijan, locatit on the Kura River. Its umwhile name, Ali Bayramli, wis tae honor Ali Bayramov the ceety wis renamit tae Shirvan bi the decision o the Parliament o Azerbaijan on 25 Aprile 2008. The ceety forms ane o the admeenistrative diveesions o Azerbaijan.

## History
### Climate
The simmer months are typically dry an vera hot due tae Shirvan's semi-desert climate, temperatur column coud be risen tae 44&nbsp;°C aften resultin in moderate drocht conditions. In contrast, winter is mild, rarely temperatur is descendit up tae -6&nbsp;°C.

## Population
*Population 68.859
*Azerbaijanis 68.652 (99.7%)
*Meskhetian Turks 207 (0.3%) 
## Notable natives

* Anatoly Kuleshov — Meenister o Internal Affairs o the Republic o Belaroushie (2009).
* Enver Bariev — Meenister for Emergency Situations o the Republic o Belaroushie (syne 2005).
* Nofal Guliyev — Naitional Hero o Azerbaijan.
* Rafael Habibov — Naitional Hero o Azerbaijan.
* Shirin Shukurov — Hero o the Soviet Union.

## References

## Freemit airtins
*
Naftalan

**Naftalan** is a sahar (ceety) in Azerbaijan, surroondit bi the rayon o Goranboy. It is on an agricultural plain near the Lesser Caucasus Muntains. The wird *naftalan* means a petroleum product an aw, ane that can be obtained thare.

The wird *Naftalan*, can be tracit tae the Greek wird "naphtha" ("νάφθα"), meanin pertainin tae ile, an the Azerbaijani suffix "-alan", which is o the verb "tae tak" (an literally meanin "ile buyer").
It is the centre o a unique petroleum industry, wi a grade o ile referred tae as "Naftalan". While Naftalan crude ile is too hivy for normal export uises (unlik Azerbaijan's plentiful Caspian Sea ile), it contains aboot 50 percent naphthalene, a hydrocarbon that is the active ingredient in coal tar soaps, which are uised tae treat psoriasis. As sic, it is anerlie uised for medicinal purposes. Fowk uisin the ile generally sit in a bath an are covered in ile up tae thair necks (see petroleum spas belaw).

## History
Airchaeological fyndins in the region date tae the 12t century AD. The qualities o Naftalan ile haes been kent syne early times; Marco Polo notit them. The ile in the aurie wis kent tae fowk as far as Cheenae an Indie, an wis tradit bi caravans ootower kintras o the Near East. Modren uise o the ile haes datit tae the 1870s unner Czarist Roushie. Bi 1912, a German jyint-stock company wis foondit tae export an tred the ile, whilk wis usied as a treatment in the Russo-Japanese War. Research on the properties o the ile continues tae be duin at Azerbaijan Medical University an the Scienteefic Arthritis Center o Azerbaijan.

## Petroleum spas
The aurie is hame tae petroleum spas (or "ile spas"), ance popular vacation spots o the Soviet Union that is makkin a return in popularity. Ile frae thir spas is claimit tae be an effective treatment again psoriasis, arthritis an rheumatism. At the hicht o thair Soviet-era popularity, the spas in Naftalan haed 75,000 visitors a year. The combination o violent ethnic conflict in nearbi Nagorno-Karabakh an the end o Soviet-sponsored free trips brocht the industry tae its knees in the late-1980s. Aw but ane o the aulder spas wur convertit intae refugee hoosin. The naphthalene in the ile gies it therapeutic properties, housomever it isna clear whether it mey be a carcinogen an aw. The remainin spa, the Naftalan Therapeutic Center, haed 1,000-beds. New spas are planned tae attract tourists.

## Twin touns
*L'Aigle, Fraunce

## References

## Freemit airtins
*
*World Gazetteer: Azerbaijan &ndash; Warld-Gazetteer.com
Hajibala Abutalybov

**Hajibala Ibrahim oglu Abutalybov** (, born 13 Mey  1944) is an Azerbaijani politeecian an the current Mayor o Baku, the caipital o Azerbaijan.

Abutalybov wis born in Krasnovodsk, Turkmenistan. He graduatit frae Azerbaijan State University wi a degree in Pheesics in 1965. 
In 1969, he wis enrolled in post graduate program at Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute o the Roushie Academy o Sciences in Saunt Petersburg, Roushie. In 1976, he receivit his PhD an defendit his doctoral desertation in 1987.

Abutalybov servit as the heid o the laboratory at Pheesics Depairtment o Azerbaijan Naitional Academy o Sciences in 1995.
In the same year, he wis appointit the Heid o the Executive Pouer o the Surakhani destrict o Baku which he held till 1999. In 2000, he wis appointit Deputy Premier o Azerbaijan.

Abutalybov serves as Mayor o Baku syne 30 Januar 2001. He is marriet an haes twa sons.

## References
Age o consent

The **age o consent** is the age win a bodie cin legally agree tae sex. It disnae mak a bodie an adult in law, an isnae the age o majority.

In the Unitit Kinrick, the age o consent is 16 yeir auld; this is the warldwide average.

## References
Yevlakh Rayon

**Yevlakh** (Yevlax) is a rayon o Azerbaijan, an it surroonds the ceeties o Yevlakh an Mingachevir.

## Economy
Yevlakh is ane o the important agricultural rayons o the kintra. The grain an cotton growin, as well as cattle breedin sectors hae played an important role in ceety economy. The fermers grow potato, vegetable, watter-melon an fruits, as well.

Yevlakh Ceety is an aw rich wi naitural resoorces lik cley mixtur saund deposits, as well as cley, saund an graivel deposits needit for brick makkin.

Baku-Gazakh heich-gate, Yevlakh-Balakan, Baku-Tbilisi railwey, Baku-Supsa gas an Baku-Tbilisi-Jeyhan ile pipeline extend throu the territory o the rayon. Yevlakh ceety an aw haes a domestic airport.

## References
Sirdaryo Region

**Sirdarya Province** () is a viloyat (province) o Uzbekistan, locatit in the centre o the kintra on the left bank o Syr Darya River. It borders wi Kazakhstan, Tajikstan, Tashkent Province an Jizzakh Province.  It covers an aurie o 5,100&nbsp;km², an is maistly desert, wi the Starving Steppe takkin up a significant pairt o the province's aurie. The population is estimatit tae be aroond 648,100.

## Administration
Syrdaryo Province is dividit intae 9 admeenistrative destricts. The caipital is the ceety o Guliston (pop. est. 54,000 indwallers). Ither ceeties an touns include Baxt, Boyovut, Farhod, Qahramon, Sayhun, Sirdaryo, Shirin an Yangiyer.

## Climate
The climate is a teepically arid continental climate wi extreme differences atween winter an simmer temperaturs.

## Economy
The economy is based on cotton an cereal crops, wi strang reliance on irrigation an on cattle breedin. Minor crops include forage plants, vegetables, melons, gourds, potatoes, maize, a variety o fruit an grapes. Industry consists o construction materials, irrigation equipment an raw-cotton processin.

Srydarya contains ane o Uzbekistan's lairgest hydroelectric pouer plants, which generates ane third o the kintra's electricity.
Central Federal Destrict

The **Central Federal Destrict** (, *Tsentralny federalny okrug*) is ane o the aicht federal destricts o Roushie. The wird "Central" is o poleetical an historical meanin; geographically, the destrict is situatit in the extreme wast o Roushie. The destrict spans an aurie o , wi a population o 38,438,600 (81.3% urban) accordin tae the 2010 Census. The Presidential Envoy tae the Central Federal Destrict is Oleg Govorun

## Demographics
### Federal subjects
The destrict comprises the Central an Central Black Earth economic regions an aichteen federal subjects:

## Freemit airtins
*Offeecial steid: Federal Cadaster Center o Roushie  
*Baikaland at Tripod.com
Kaluga Oblast

**Kaluga Oblast** (, *Kaluzhskaya oblast*) is a federal subject o Roushie (an oblast). Its admeenistrative center is the ceety o Kaluga. Population: 1,010,930 (2010 Census).

## Administrative an municipal diveesions

Admeenistratively, the oblast is dividit intae twinty-fower districts an fower ceeties o oblast significance.

Municipally, the territories o the admeenistrative destricts are incorporatit intae twinty-fower municipal destricts an the territories o the twa ceeties o oblast significance are incorporatit as urban okrugs. Twa ither ceeties o oblast significance are incorporatit as urban settlements athin correspondin municipal destricts.

## References

### Notes

### Sources
*

## Freemit airtins
*Offeecial wabsteid o Kaluga Oblast
Troms

or **Romsa** (Sami leid) is a coonty in North Norawa, borderin Finnmark tae the northeast an Nordland in the soothwast. To the sooth is Norrbotten Län in Swaden an further sootheast is a shorter border wi the region o Lapland in Finland. Tae the wast is the Norse Sea (Atlantic Ocean). The entire coonty, which wis established in 1866, is locatit north o the Airctic circle.

## General information
### Name

Until 1919 the coonty wis umwhile kent as *[[Tromsø amt]]*. On 1 Julie 2006, the Northren Sami name for the coonty, *Romsa*, wis grantit offeecial status alang wi Troms.

The coonty (an the ceety o Tromsø) is namit efter the island Tromsøya on which it is locatit (Auld Norse *Trums*). Several theories exist as tae the etymology o Troms. Ane theory haulds "Troms-" tae derive frae the auld (uncompundit) name o the island (Auld Norse: *Trums*). Several islands an rivers in Norawa hae the name *Tromsa*, an the names o these are probably derivit frae the wird *straumr* which means "(strang) stream". (The oreeginal form must then hae been *Strums*, for the missin *s* see Indo-European s-mobile.) Anither theory haulds that Tromsøya wis oreeginally cried *Lille Tromsøya* (Little Tromsøya), acause o its proximity tae the hintle bigger island the day cried Kvaløya, that accordin tae this theory wis earlier cried "Store Tromsøya" due tae a characteristic muntain kent as *Tromma* (the Drum). The muntain's name in Sámi, *Rumbbučohkka*, is identical in meanin, an it is said tae hae been a sacred muntain for the Sámi in pre-Christian times.

The Sámi name o the island, *Romsa*, is assumit tae be a loan frae Norse - but accordin tae the phonetical rules o the Sami leid the frontal *t* haes disappeared frae the name. Housomeivver, an alternative form - *Tromsa* - is in informal uise. There is a theory that haulds the Norse name o Tromsø derives frae the Sámi name, though this theory lacks an explanation for the meanin o *Romsa*. A common misunnerstaundin is that Tromsø's Sámi name is *Romssa* wi a double "s". This, housomeivver, is the accusative an genitive form o the noun uised when, for example, writin "Tromsø Municipality" (Roms*s*a Suohkan).

### Coat o airms
The coat o airms o Troms wis made bi Hallvard Trætteberg (1898–1987), an adoptit bi ryal resolution on 15 Januar 1960. The offeecial blazon in Norse ("På rød bunn en gull griff") translates tae "On a field Gules a griffin segreant Or." Trætteberg chose tae hae the griffin as chairge acause that animal wis the seembol o the mighty clan o Bjarne Erlingsson on Bjarkøy in the 13t century.

## Demographics
The *[[Kven fowk|Kven]]* residents o *Troms* are lairgely descendants o Finnish immigrants who arrivit in the aurie afore the 19t century frae Finland acause o war an faimin. They settled mainly in the northeastren pairt o Troms, in the municipalities o Kvænangen, Nordreisa, Skjervøy, Gáivuotna - Kåfjord an Storfjord, an some an aw reached Balsfjord an Lyngen.

## Municipalities
Troms coonty currently haes a total o 25 municipalities:

## See an aw
* Hålogalandsallmenningen

## References

## Freemit airtins
* Visitnorway.com Troms 
* Troms touring association
Coonties o Norawa

**[[Norawa]]** is dividit intae 19 admeenistrative regions, cried **[[coonty|coonties]]** (singular , plural   (Bokmål) / *fylke* (Nynorsk); till 1918 kent as *[[Amt (admeenistrative diveesion)|amt]]*, pl. *amter* / *amt*). The coonties form the primary first-level subdiveesions o Norawa an are further dividit intae 430 municipalities (*kommune*,  pl. *kommuner* / *kommunar*). The caipital Oslo is considered as baith a coonty an a municipality.

## Politics

Thare is some poleetical disagreement on whether coonties are a practical, economical or even necessar level o admeenistration. (See Politics o Norway fur mair information.)

## Leet o coonties
Below is a leet o the Norse coonties as thay hae been syne 1919, wi thair current admeenistrative centres. Note that the coonties are admeenistered baith bi appointees o the naitional govrenment an tae a lesser extent bi thair awn electit bodies. The coonty nummers are frae the offeecial numbering seestem ISO 3166-2:NO, which follaes the coastline frae the Swadish mairch in the sootheast tae the Roushie mairch in the northeast. The number 13 wis dropped frae the seestem when the ceety o Bergen (coonty no. 13) wis mergit intae Hordaland (coonty no. 12) in 1972.

## Map

## Freemit airtins
*Regionalization and devolution: Proposed new regions of Norway  (PowerPoint slide show)
Lawer Saxony

**Lawer Saxony** ( , ) is a German state situatit in northwastren Germany an is seicont in aurie an fowert in population amang the saxteen states o Germany.

Lawer Saxony borders on (frae north an clockwise) the North Sea, the states o Schleswig-Holstein, Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Brandenburg, Saxony-Anhalt, Thuringie, Hesse an North Rhine-Westphalie, an the Kinrick o the Netherlands. In fact, Lawer Saxony borders mair neighbours than ony ither single federal state. The state o Bremen forms twa enclaves athin Lawer Saxony, ane bein the ceety o Bremen, the ither, its seaport ceety o Bremerhaven. The state's principal ceeties include Hanover, Brunswick, Lüneburg, Osnabrück, Oldenburg, an Göttingen.

## References

## Freemit airtins

* Offeecial govrenmental portal 
* Offeecial wabsteid for tourism, holiday an leisur in Lawer Saxony
* map wi tourist heichlichts, notepad an personal guide
Bremen (state)

The **Free Hanseatic Ceety o Bremen** (German: *Freie Hansestadt Bremen*, ) is the smawest o Germany's 16 states. A mair informal name, but uised in some offeecial contexts, is *Land Bremen* ('State o Bremen').

## Geography
The state o Bremen consists o twa separatit enclaves: Bremen, offeecially the 'Ceety' (*Stadtgemeinde Bremen*) which is the state caipital, an the ceety o Bremerhaven (*Stadt Bremerhaven*). Baith are locatit on the River Weser; Bremerhaven is further downstream an serves as a North Sea harbour (the name means "Bremen's harbour"). Baith ceeties are completely surroondit bi the neighbourin State o Lawer Saxony (*Niedersachsen*). The twa ceeties are the anerlie admeenistrative subdiveesions the state haes.

## References
States o Germany

Germany is made up o saxteen  (singular , colloquially (but rarely in a legal context) cried , fae "federatit state"), whilk are pairtly sovereign constituent states o the Federal Republic o Germany. *Land* literally translates as "kintra", an constitutionally speakin, thay are constituent kintras. Aften referred tae in Inglis an Scots bi German speakers as "states", the term "Land" (wi an uppercase 'L') is uised in the offeecial Inglis version o the Basic Law an in UK parliamentary proceedings. Housomeivver, it is whiles translatit as "federal states" in ither publications.

Tho the term *Land* applees tae aw states, some are describit as "states" in German an aw. Ilk o the states o Bavarie, Saxony, an Thuringie offeecially describes itsel as a "state" (*Staat*) an mair specifically as a "free state" (*Freistaat*). Berlin, Hamburgh an Bremen are frequently cried  (city-states).

The remainin 13 states are cried  (literally: area kintras).

## References

## Freemit airtins
*CityMayors feature on Germany subdivisions
San Antonio

**San Antonio** () is the seivent-lairgest ceety proper in the Unitit States o Americae an the seicont-lairgest athin the state o Texas, wi a population o 1.33 million. Locatit in the American&nbsp;Soothwast an the sooth–central pairt o Texas, the ceety serves as the seat o Bexar&nbsp;Coonty. In 2011, it wis estimatit tae be the 24t lairgest metropolitan aurie in the U.S. wi a population o 2.2 million accordin tae U.S. Census Bureau figures tabulatit bi Business First.  San Antonio haes characteristics o ither wastren urban centers in which thare are spairsely populatit auries an a law density rate ootside o the ceety. It wis the fowert-fastest growin lairge ceety in the naition frae 2000 tae 2006 an the fift-fastest-growin frae 2007 tae 2008.  The San Antonio/New Braunfels metropolitan aurie, offeecially Greater San Antonio, haes a population o ower 2.14 million based on the 2010 U.S. Census, makkin it the 25t-lairgest metropolitan aurie in the naition an third-lairgest in the state o Texas.

The ceety wis namit for San Antonio de Padua, whose feast day is on 13 Juin, when a Spainyie expedeetion stopped in the aurie in 1691. Famous for Spainyie missions, the Alamo, the River Walk, the Tower of the Americas, the Alamo Bowl, Marriage Island an host tae SeaWorld an Six Flags Fiesta Texas theme pairks, the ceety is visitit bi approximately 26 million tourists per year accordin tae the San Antonio Convention an Visitors Bureau.

San Antonio haes a strang military presence—it is hame tae Fort Sam Houston, Lackland Air Force Base, Randolph Air Force Base, an Brooks City-Base, wi Camp Bullis an Camp Stanley ootside the ceety. Kelly Air Force Base operatit oot o San Antonio till 2001, when the airfield wis transferred ower tae Lackland AFB an the remainin portions o the base became Port San Antonio, an industrial/business pairk. San Antonio is hame tae five Fortune 500 companies an the South Texas Medical Center, the anerlie medical research an care provider in the Sooth Texas region.

## Internaitional relations
### Sister ceeties
*  Monterrey, Mexico (1953)
*  Guadalajara, Mexico (1974)
*  Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain (1975)
*  - Kwangju, Republic o Korea (1981)
*  Kaohsiung, Taiwan (1981)
*  Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain (1983)
*  Kumamoto, Japan (1987)
*  Chennai, Indie (2008)

### Alliance/Friendship ceeties
*  Wuxi, Jiangsu, Cheenae (2010 freenship ceety)
*  Suzhou, Jiangsu, Cheenae) (2010 freenship ceety)
*  Dresden, Saxony, Germany (2009 alliance greement)
*  Tel Aviv, Israel (2011 economic pact)

## References

## Freemit airtins

* City of San Antonio
Till Death Unites Us

***Till Death Unites Us*** is the fowerth full-lenth studio album bi the Finnish melodic daith metal baund Norther. It wis released on 25 Januar 2006 throu Spinefarm Records. The album haes nae cover sang, while maist ither Norther releases include sic a sang; this release marks thair first studio album tae no include a cover sang. The sang "Scream" wis released as a CD single.

## Track leetin

(Thir tracks are taken frae *[[Solution 7]]*)

## Chairts

## Credits
### Baund members
* Petri Lindroos − vocals, guitar
* Kristian Ranta − guitar, vocals (on 6,9,11)
* Toni Hallio − drums
* Jukka Koskinen − bass
* Tuomas Planman − keybuirds, synthesizers

### Individual composers an leerics
**Composers**
* J. Koskinen − (track: 1)
* P. Lindroos − (tracks: 2, 3, 4, 8)
* K. Ranta − (tracks: 2, 5, 7, 9, 10, 11, 12)

**Lyricists**
* J. Koskinen − (tracks: 1, 6, 12)
* P. Lindroos − (tracks: 2, 3, 4, 8)
* K. Ranta − (tracks: 2, 5, 7, 9, 11)
* T. Planman − (track: 10)

## Production
* Recorded an mixed at Studio Fredman in Gothenburg, Swaden frae Julie tae September 2005.
* Mastered at Chartmaker Studios in Helsinki, Finland in November 2005 bi Svante Forsback.
* Design an illustrations bi Killustrations.com

## Freemit airtins
* Track composers/lyricists an album chiart poseetion foond at the Official Norther website 
* Information on the recordin studio foond in an interview wi Petri Lindroos and Jukka Koskinen. 
* Till Death Unites Us  on metalfromfinland Steid
* Cover design on Killustrations.com
Santo André, São Paulo

**Santo André** (, *Saunt [[Saunt Andras|Andras]]*) is a Brazilian municipality locatit in the Metropolitan Region o São Paulo, includin a group o municipalities kent as Greater ABC Region. Its population in 2009 wis 673,396. It occupees an aurie o 175 square kilometers, resultin in a population density o 3,816.52 inhabitants per km ².

## History

The settlement, which became a toun in 1553, wi the name o Santo André da Borda do Campo, experienced rapid growth beginnin in the 1930s. It wis oreeginally namit São Bernardo acause the municipality destrict heidquarters wur in São Bernardo do Campo, nou a ceety nearbi. In 1938, the name wis chyngit tae Santo André, as the destrict govrenment wis transferred tae Santo André. Industries include chemical engineering, textiles, ile, metal products, metallurgy an printit matter. It is an industrial ceety, but mair nor 60% o Santo André's total aurie are protectit bi environmental watter laws.

In 1867, a railway namit the São Paulo Railway Co. or the Estrada de Ferro Santos-Jundiaí, made it easier tae be reached.  In 1954, it became the seat o the Roman Catholic Diocese o Santo André.

In 2002 the ceety shot tae naitional prominence wi the assassination o servin mayor Celso Daniel, whose case remains unsolvit.

## Destricts

* Distrito Sede - Santo André
* Paranapiacaba
* Distrito de Utinga - Santo André
* Distrito de Capuava - Santo André
...

## Sports

Soccer
* Soccer Team - Esporte Clube Santo André, the fitbaa (soccer) team o the ceety. 
* Ceety Stadium - Estádio Bruno José Daniel - Capacity: 15.157
* (Pelé) scored his first professional goal iver at Sport Clube Corinthians Paulista in Santo André Stadium

Volleybaw
* Men's Volleyball Team - Pirelli Volleyball Club - Men's World Club Champion in 1984. Later, the team haed its name chyngit tae Shopping ABC - Santo André due tae a new sponsorship contract signed wi Shopping ABC, ane o the biggest maws in the ceety.

Basketbaw
* Men's Basketbaw Team - Pinheiros Santo André - Plays Paulista League o Basketbaw

## Other sports
* Boxing - Hosts national olympic team at Pedro Dell'Antonia Gymnasium facilities.

## International relations

### Twin touns — sister ceeties

Santo André haes ceety partnerships wi the follaein ceeties:
* Battle Creek, Michigan, Unitit States
* Chengde, the Fowkrepublic o Cheenae 
* Pilsen, Czech Republic
* Sesto San Giovanni, Italy
* Takasaki, Japan

## Famous Fowk frae Santo André

*Edson Cordeiro
*Sandro Dias
*Danilo Gentili
*Diego Hypólito
*Daniele Hypólito
*Marcelo Takashima
*Angélica Ksyvickis
*Alexandre Lima de Araújo
*Lucélia Santos
*Milena Toscano

## References

## Freemit airtins
*  Santo André Ceety Haw
Tuscany

**Tuscany** (, ) is a region in Italy. It haes an aurie o aboot 23,000 square kilometres (8,900 sq mi) an a population o aboot 3.75 million indwallers. The regional caipital is Florence (Firenze).

Tuscany is kent for its gorgeous landscapes, its rich airtistic legacy an its vast influence on heich cultur. Tuscany is widely regardit as the true birthplace o the Italian Renaissance, an haes been hame tae some o the maist influential fowk in the history o airts an science, sic as Petrarch, Dante, Botticelli, Michelangelo, Niccolo Machiavelli, Leonardo da Vinci, Galileo Galilei, Amerigo Vespucci, Luca Pacioli an Puccini. Due tae this, the region haes several museums (sic as the Uffizi, the Pitti Palace an the Chianciano Museum o Airt). Tuscany haes a unique culinary tradeetion, an is famous for its wines (maist famous o which are Chianti, Vino Nobile di Montepulciano, Morellino di Scansano an Brunello di Montalcino).

Sax Tuscan localities hae been designatit Warld Heritage Steids: the historic centre o Florence (1982), the historical centre o Siena (1995), the square o the Cathedral o Pisa (1987), the historical centre o San Gimignano (1990), the historical centre o Pienza (1996) an the Val d'Orcia (2004). Furthermair, Tuscany haes ower 120 protectit natur reserves. This maks Tuscany an its caipital ceety Florence vera popular tourist destinations, attractin millions o tourists ivery year. Florence itsel receives an average o 10 million tourists a year, placin the ceety as ane o the maist visitit in the warld (in 2007, the ceety became the warld's 46t maist visitit ceety, wi ower 1.715 million arrivals).

## Admeenistrative diveesions
Tuscany is dividit intae ten provinces:

}

## References

*
*
Campanie

**Campanie** (, ) is a region in soothren Italy. The regíon haes a population o aroond 5.8 million fowk, makkin it the seicont-maist-populous region o Italy; its total aurie o 13,590&nbsp;km² maks it the maist densely populatit region in the kintra. Locatit on the Italian Peninsulae, wi the Tyrrhenian Sea tae the wast, it includes the sma Flegrean Islands an Capri for admeenistration as pairt o the region.

## Govrenment an politics

The Politics of Campanie, taks place in a framework o a presidential representative democracy, whereby the President of the Regional Government is the head of government, an of a pluriform multi-pairty system. Executive power is exercised by the Regional Government. Legislative power is vested in both the government and the Regional Council.

The Regional Council of Campanie (*Consiglio Regionale della Campania*) is componed o 60 members, o whilk 47 is elected in provincial constituencies wi proportional representation, 12 frae the sae-cawed "regional elite" o the electit President an the last ane is for the candidate for President wha comes seicont wha uisually becomes the leader o the opposition in the Council. Gif a coalition wins mair nor 55% of the vote, anither 6 candidates frae the "regional elite" will be electit an the nummer o thaim that's electit in provincial constituencies will be 53.

### Admeenistrative diveesions
Campanie is divided into five provinces:

## References
### Notes

## Freemit airtins
* Offeecial Region hamepage
Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol

**Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol** (; , , *Trentino-Sud Tirol* or *Trentino-Sudtirolo*; ), is an autonomous region in Northren Italy. Syne the 1970s maist legislative an admeenistrative competencies hae been transferred tae the twa autonomous provinces which mak up the region: Trentino an Sooth Tyrol.

The region wis pairt o Austrick-Hungary an its predecessors, the Austrian Empire an the Holy Roman Empire frae the 8t century till its annexation bi Italy in 1919. Thegither wi the Austrian state o Tyrol it is representit bi the Euroregion Tyrol-Sooth Tyrol-Trentino.

In Scots, the region is kent as *Trentino-Sooth Tyrol* an aw, or by its Italian name *Trentino-Alto Adige*.

## References
### Notes

## Freemit airtins

*Offeecial steid o Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol
Ligurie

**Ligurie** (, ) is a coastal region o north-wastren Italy, the third smawest o the Italian regions. Its caipital is Genoa. It is a popular region wi tourists for its bonnie beaches, picturesque little touns, an guid fuid.

## Admeenistrative diveesions
Liguria is dividit intae fower provinces:

## References

## Freemit airtins
* Offeecial Region wabsteid 
* Map o Webcams in Ligurie 
*  Touristic guide tae Ligurie region
Brandenburg

**Brandenburg** (; Lawer Sorbian: *Bramborska*; Upper Sorbian: *Braniborska*) is ane o the saxteen federal-states o Germany. It lees in the east o the kintra an is ane o the new federal states that wur re-creatit in 1990 upon the reunification o the umwhile Wast Germany an East Germany. The caipital is Potsdam. Brandenburg surroonds but does no include the naitional caipital an ceety-state o Berlin.

Oreeginatin in the medieval Northren March, the Margraviate o Brandenburg grew tae become the core o the kinrick, later Free State o Proushie. The eastren third o historic Brandenburg (*Ostbrandenburg/[[Neumark]]*) was cedit tae Poland in 1945.

## References

## Freemit airtins
*Offeecial wabsteid 
*Brandenburg Tourist Board
*Historical Landscape Brandenburg
Saxony-Anhalt

**Saxony-Anhalt** (, ) is a landlocked state o Germany. Its caipital is Magdeburg an it is surroondit bi the German states o Lawer Saxony, Brandenburg, Saxony, an Thuringie.

Saxony-Anhalt covers an aurie o . It haes a population of 2.34 million (mair nor 2.8 million in 1990).

Saxony-Anhalt shoud no be ramfeeselt wi Saxony or Lawer Saxony, an aw German states.

## References

## Freemit airtins

*Offeecial govrenmental portal 
*Offeecial Directory
Saarland

**Saarland** (; , ) is ane o the saxteen  states o Germany. The caipital is Saarbrücken. It haes an aurie o 2570&nbsp;km² an 1,045,000 indwellers. In baith aurie an population, it is the smawest state in Germany ither than the ceety-states (Berlin, Bremen an Hamburgh). Its location on the mairch atween Fraunce an Germany haes gien Saarland a unique history.

The Saar didna exist as a unifeed entity till its creation as the Territory o the Saar Basin bi the League o Naitions efter Warld War I. Afore this, some pairts o the current entity wur Proushie an ither pairts Bavarie. The indwellers votit tae rejoin Germany in a plebiscite in 1935.

Frae 1947 tae 1956 the Saar wis a French-occupeed territory (the "Saar Protectorate") separate frae the rest o Germany. In 1955 the inhabitants wur affered unthirldom in a plebiscite, but insteid votit tae become a state o Wast Germany. Frae 1920 tae 1935, an then frae 1947 tae 1959, the indwellers uised postage stamps issued specially for the territory; see postage stamps an postal history o the Saar for details. Atween 1950 an 1956, Saarland wis a member o the Cooncil o Europe. Ane o Lufthansa's Boeing 747-400s (registered D-ABVS) is namit Saarland.

## References

## Freemit airtins
*Offeecial govrenmental portal
Thuringie

The **Free State o Thuringie** (, , ) is a state o Germany, locatit in the central pairt o the kintra. 
It haes an aurie o  an 2.29 million inhabitants, makkin it the saxt smawest bi aurie  and the fifth smallest by population  of Germany's sixteen states. 
Maist o Thuringie is athin the watershed o the Saale, a left tributary o the Elbe. Its caipital is Erfurt.

Thuringia haes been kent bi the nickname o "the green hert o Germany" (*das grüne Herz Deutschlands*) frae the late 19t century, due tae the dense forest that covers the terrain.

Thuringia is weel kent in Germany for natur an winter sports. It is hame tae the Rennsteig, Germany's maist famous hikin trail, an the winter resort o Oberhof. Germany wan mair Winter Oleempics gowd medals than ony ither kintra in the last 20 year, an hauf o Germany's gowd medals hae been wan bi Thuringie athletes.

## References

## Freemit airtins

*Offeecial govrenment steid
Amadora

**Amadora** () is a ceety an a municipality in Portugal, in the northwast o the Lisbon Metropolitan Aurie. The ceety an municipality population is 175,872 in eleiven *[[freguesia]]s* (parishes). Wi an aurie o 23.77&nbsp;km², it is the maist densely populatit municipality o Portugal. Amadora is a satellite ceety o Lisbon, ane o the smawest Portuguese municipalities (24&nbsp;km²), but ane o the maist populous.

The municipality wis formit on 11 September 1979, when it ceased being a parish o Oeiras Municipality. It wis incorporatit as a ceety syne that date.

Amadora is ane o the lairgest ceeties in Portugal bi population. It forms a conurbation wi the Portuguese caipital Lisbon, an baith ceeties share the same subway, bus andtrain netwirk. It is an aw a major residential suburb o the caipital, an the landscape is dominatit bi lairge apairtment blocks an some industry. Amadora is an aw hame tae a big community o African immigrants, maistly frae Angola an Cape Verde. 

Although major rehabilitation plans hae been stairtit, Amadora is still regardit as a ceety wi a creeme rate heicher than the naitional average, an notorious for its traffic jams.

Ivery year, Amadora organizes the **Amadora International Comics Festival**http://www.amadorabd.com/ .

## Pairishes
* Alfornelos
* Alfragide
* Brandoa
* Buraca
* Damaia
* Falagueira
* Mina
* Reboleira
* São Brás
* Venda Nova
* Venteira

## Freemit airtins
* Câmara Municipal da Amadora - offeecial municipal Wab steid
* Amadora International Comics Festival  - offeecial festival Wab steid
* Photos frae AMADORA
Basilicata

**Basilicata**(), kent as **[[Lucania]]** an aw, is a region in the sooth o Italy, borderin on Campanie tae the wast, Apulie (Puglie) tae the north an east, an Calabrie tae the sooth, haein ane short soothwastren coastline on the Tyrrhenian Sea atween Campanie in the northwast an Calabrie in the soothwast, an a langer ane tae the sootheast on the Gulf o Taranto on the Ionian Sea atween Calabrie in the soothwast an Apulia in the northeast. The region can be thocht o as the "instep" o Italy, wi Calabrie functionin as the "toe" an Apulie the "heel". The region covers aboot 10,000&nbsp;km2 an in 2010 haed a population o aboot 600,000. The regional caipital is Potenza. The region is dividit intae twa provinces: Potenza an Matera.

## References

## Freemit airtins

* 
* "Life is Beautiful" - a travel muisic video
Apulie

**Apulia** is a region in Soothren Italy borderin the Adriatic Sea in the east, the Ionian Sea tae the sootheast, an the Strait o Otranto an Gulf o Taranto in the sooth.  Its maist soothren portion, kent as Salento peninsulae, forms a heich heel on the "buit" o Italy.  The region comprises , an its population is aboot 4.1 million.  It is bordered bi the ither Italian regions o Molise tae the north, Campanie tae the wast, an Basilicata tae the soothwast.  It neighbours Greece an Albanie, athort the Ionian an Adriatic Seas, respectively.  The region extends as far north as Monte Gargano, an wis the scene o the last stages in the Seicont Punic War.

## References

## Freemit airtins
* Offeecial wabsteid
* Offeecial tourism wabsteid
* Tourism wabsteid 
* Puglia Life – Hame o the Inglis ex-pat community in Puglia (Apulia)
Marche

**Marche** () is ane o the 20 regions o Italy.  The name o the region derives frae the plural name o *[[Mairch (territory)|marca]]*, oreeginally referrin tae the medieval Mairch o Ancona an nearbi mairches o Camerino an Fermo.

The region is locatit in the Central aurie o the kintra, borderin Emilia-Romagna an the republic o San Marino tae the north, Tuscany tae the north-wast, Umbrie tae the wast, Abruzzo an Lazio tae the sooth an the Adriatic Sea tae the east. Except for river valleys an the aften vera nairae coastal strip, the land is hilly. In the nineteent century, a railwey frae Bologna tae Brindisi ran alang the coastline o the entire territory. Inland, the muntainous natur o the region, even the day, allous little traivel north an sooth, except bi rough roads ower the passes.

## Admeenistrative diveesions
The region is dividit intae five provinces (the offeecial data for the fift province (Fermo), institutit in 2009, will be available anerlie wi the 2011 census, here its figures are still includit in those o the province o Ascoli Piceno):

}

## References

## Freemit airtins

* Offeecial Wabsteid o the Marche Regional Cooncil
Abruzzo

**Abruzzo** () is a region in Italy, its wastren border lyin less nor  due east o Roum. Abruzzo borders the region o Marche tae the north, Lazio tae the wast an sooth-wast, Molise tae the sooth-east, an the Adriatic Sea tae the east. Although it is geographically mair o a central than soothren region, ISTAT (the Italian statistical authority) considers it pairt o Soothren Italy, a vestige o Abruzzo's historic association wi the Kinrick o the Twa Sicilies.

## Govrenment an politics

### Admeenistrative diveesions
The region is dividit intae 4 provinces:

## Notes

## Freemit airtins

*Offeecial steid o the regional admeenistration
Molise

**Molise** () (Molisano: *Mulise*) is a region o Soothren Italy, the seicont smawest o the regions. It wis umwhile (till 1963) pairt o the region o *[[Abruzzi e Molise]]* (wi Abruzzo) an nou a separate entity. The region covers 4,438&nbsp;km² an haes a population o aboot 300,000.

Molise is the newest Italian region, syne it wis established in 1963, when the region Abruzzi e Molise wis split in twa. It became effective anerlie in 1970.

## References

## Freemit airtins
* Offeecial Steid o the Regione Molise  
* Molise Region information steid  
* Images o Molise
Sooth Aegean

The **Sooth Aegean** () is ane o the thirteen regions o Greece. It consists of the Cyclades an Dodecanese island groups in the central an sootheastren Aegean Sea.

## Admeenistration
The Sooth Aegean region wis established in the 1987 admeenistrative reform. Wi the 2010 Kallikratis plan, its pouers an authority wur redefinit an extendit. Alang wi the North Aegean, it is supervisit bi the Decentralized Admeenistration o the Aegean based at Piraeus. The caipital o the region is situatit in Ermoupoli on the island o Syros. 

Till the Kallikratis reform, the region consistit o the twa prefecturs o the Cyclades (caiital: Ermoupoli) an the Dodecanese (caipital: Rhodes). Syne 1 Januar 2011 it is dividit intae 13 regional units, formit aroond major islands:

* Andros
* Kalymnos
* Karpathos
* Kea-Kythnos
* Kos
* Milos
* Mykonos
* Naxos
* Paros
* Rhodes
* Syros
* Thira (Santorini)
* Tinos

The region's govrenor is, syne 1 Januar 2011, Ioannis Machairidis, who wis electit in the November 2010 local admeenistration elections for the Panhellenic Socialist Muivement.

## Major communities
*Ermoúpoli (Ερμούπολη)
*Ialysós (Ιαλυσός)
*Kallithéa (Καλλιθέα)
*Kálymnos (Κάλυμνος)
*Kos (Κως)
*Mýkonos (Μύκονος)
*Náxos (Νάξος)
*Páros (Πάρος)
*Petaloúdes (Πεταλούδες)
*Ródos (Ρόδος) (Rhodes in Inglis)
*Santoríni (Σαντορίνη) ''or'' Thíra (Θήρα)

## References
North Aegean

The **North Aegean** () is ane o the thirteen regions o Greece. It comprises the islands o the north-eastren Aegean Sea, except for Samothrace, which belangs tae the region o East Macedonie an Thrace, an Imbros an Tenedos which belang tae Turkey.

## Admeenistration
The North Aegean region wis established in the 1987 admeenistrative reform. Wi the 2010 Kallikratis plan, its pouers an authority wur redefined an extendit. Alang wi the Sooth Aegean, it is supervisit bi the Decentralized Admeenistration o the Aegean based at Piraeus. The caipital o the region is situatit in Mytilene on the island o Lesbos. 

Till the Kallikratis reform, the region consistit o the three prefecturs of Samos, Chios an Lesbos. Syne 1 Januar 2011 it is dividit intae 5 regional units, formit aroond major islands: Chios, Ikaria, Lemnos, Lesbos an Samos.

The region's govrenor is, syne 1 Januar 2011, Athanasios (Nasos) Giakalis, who wis electit in the November 2010 local admeenistration elections for the Panhellenic Socialist Muivement.

## Major communities
*Chíos (Χίος)
*Kalloní (Καλλονή)
*Karlóvasi (Καρλόβασι)
*Mýrina (Μύρινα)
*Mytilíni (Μυτιλήνη)
*Omiroúpoli (Ομηρούπολη)
*Pythagóreio (Πυθαγόρειο)
*Vathý (Βαθύ)

## References