open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Cannes

**Cannes** (; Occitan **Canas**) is ane o the best-kent ceeties o the French Riviera, a busy tourist destination an host o the annual Cannes Film Festival. It is a Communes o Fraunce in the Alpes-Maritimes depairtment.

The city is weel kent for its sindry luxury shops, restaurants, an hotels.

**References**

## Twin ceeties
Cannes is twinned wi:

**Cannes twinnin**
*  Muharraq, Bahrain
*  Kensington an Chelsea, Unitit Kinrick
*  Shizuoka Ceety, Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan
*  Acapulco, Mexico
*  Beverly Hills, USA
*  Khemisset, Morocco
*  Madrid, Spain
*  Kuwait Ceety, Kuwait
*  Quebec Ceety, Canadae

**Friendship pacts**
*  Gstaad, Saanen, Swisserland
*  Quebec Ceety, Quebec, Canadae
*  Florence, Italy
*  Moscow, Roushie
*  Papeete, French Polynesie
Albuquerque, New Mexico

**Albuquerque** () is the lairgest ceety in the state o New Mexico, Unitit States. It is the coonty seat of Bernalillo Coonty an is situatit in the central pairt o the state, straddlin the Rio Grande. The ceety population wis 528,497 as o Julie 1, 2009, accordin tae U.S. census estimates, an ranks as the 34t-lairgest ceety in the U.S. As o Juin 2007, the ceety wis the saxt fastest-growin in Americae. It haes a metropolitan population o 869,684, as o Juin 2010, accordin tae the U.S. Census Bureau.

Albuquerque is the 57t-lairgest Unitit States metropolitan aurie. The Albuquerque MSA population includes the ceety o Rio Rancho, ane o the fastest-growin ceeties in the Unitit States. Roughly hauf the fowk in New Mexico live in the Albuquerque aurie.

Albuquerque is hame tae the University o New Mexico (UNM), Kirtland Air Force Base, Sandia National Laboratories, Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute, an Petroglyph National Monument, an is the seat o the Episcopal Diocese o the Rio Grande. The Sandia Mountains run alang the eastren side o Albuquerque, an the Rio Grande flows throu the ceety, north tae sooth.

## Sister ceeties
Albuquerque haes ten sister ceeties, as designatit bi Sister Cities International:

## References
Elazığ

**Elâzığ** is a ceety in Eastren Anatolie, Turkey an the seat o Elâzığ Province. It haes a population o
323,420 accordin tae the 2009 census, an the plain on which the ceety extends haes an altitude o 1067 metres.

Elâzığ initially developed as an extension o the historic ceety o Harput, which wis situatit on a hill an difficult tae access in winter.

## Sister Ceeties
Elazığ has 6 sister cities.
*  Ankara, Turkey
*  Baku, Azerbaijan
*  Erzurum, Turkey
*  Istanbul, Turkey
*  Mamusha, Kosovo
*  Şanlıurfa, Turkey

## References
Essen

**Essen** () is a ceety in the central pairt o the Ruhr aurie in North Rhine-Westphalie, Germany. Locatit on the River Ruhr, its population o approximately 579,000 (as o Juin 30, 2008) makes it the 9t-lairgest ceety in Germany. For the year 2010, Essen wis the European Caipital o Cultur on behauf o the whole Ruhr aurie.

Umwhile ane o Germany's maist important coal an steel centres an historically linked tae the centuries-auld Krupp family iron works, the ceety haes developed a strang tertiary sector o industry an (sometimes thegither wi nearbi Düsseldorf) claims tae be the "desk o the Ruhr aurie". It is hame tae 13 o the 100 lairgest German corporations an seat tae several o the region's authorities.

In 1958, the ceety wis chosen tae serve as the seat tae a Roman Catholic diocese (aften referred tae as *Ruhrbistum* or *diocese o the Ruhr*). In early 2003, the universities o Essen an the nearbi ceety o Duisburg (baith established in 1972) wur merged intae the University o Duisburg-Essen wi campuses in baith ceeties an a university hospital in Essen.

## Internaitional relations

### Twin touns – sister ceeties
Essen is twinned wi:
* City of Sunderland, Unitit Kinrick *(syne 1949)*
* Tampere, Finland *(syne 1960)*
* Grenoble, Fraunce *(syne 1974)*
* Nizhny Novgorod, Roushie *(syne 1991)*
* Tel Aviv, Israel *(syne 1991)*

The Ceety o Monessen, PA, situatit alang the Monongahela River, wis named efter the river an Essen.

*Rourkela, Indie

## References
Nanjing

**Nanjing** (; ; Romanizations: Nánjīng (Pinyin), Nan-ching (Wade-Giles), **Nanking** (Postal cairt spellin)) is the caipital o Jiangsu province, Cheenae, an haes a prominent place in Cheenese history an cultur. The ceety's name (南京) means "Soothren Caipital", an wis widely romanisit as 'Nanking' till the Pinyin leid reform, efter which 'Nanjing' became the internaitional staundart spellin o the ceety's name.

Locatit in the lawer Yangtze River drainage basin an Yangtze River Delta economic zone, Nanjing haes aye been ane o Cheenae's maist important ceeties. It servit as the caipital o Cheenae durin several historical periods an is recognised as ane o the Fower Great Auncient Caipitals o Cheenae. Nanjing wis the caipital o the Republic o Cheenae afore the Cheenese Ceevil War in 1949. Nanjing is ane o the fifteen sub-provincial ceeties in the Fowkrepublic o Cheenae's admeenistrative structur an aw, enjoyin jurisdictional an economic autonomy anerlie slichtly less nor that o a province. Nanjing haes lang been a naitional centre o eddication, research, transport netwirks, an tourism.

Wi an urban population o ower five million (2006), Nanjing is the seicont lairgest commercial centre in the East Cheenae region, efter Shanghai. It haes been ranked fowert bi Forbes magazine in its leetin o "2008 Top 100 Business Ceeties in Mainland Cheenae", seivent in the evaluation o "Ceeties wi Strangest Comprehensive Strength" issued bi the Naitional Statistics Bureau, an seicont in the evaluation o ceeties wi maist sustainable development potential in the Yangtze River Delta. It haes an aa been awardit the title o 2008 Habitat Scroll o Honour o Cheenae, Special Awaird o UN Habitat Scroll o Honour an Naitional Ceevilized Ceety.

## Internaitional relations

### Sister ceeties an friendship ceeties
Nanjing currently haes 18 sister ceeties (auries):
*  Alsace, Fraunce
*  Barranquilla, Colombie
*  Belo Horizonte, Brazil
*  Bloemfontein, Sooth Africae
*  Daejeon, Sooth Korea
*  Dallas, Texas, United States
*  Eindhoven, Netherlands
*  Florence, Italy
*  Hauts-de-Seine, Fraunce
*  Leipzig, Germany
*  Limassol, Cyprus
*  London, Ontario, Canadae
*  Malacca Town, Malaysie (2001)
*  Mexicali, Mexico
*  Nagoya, Japan
*  Perth, Australie
*  St. Louis, Missouri, Unitit States (Nov 02, 1978, The 1st pair o Twin Ceeties atween Unitit States an Fowkrepublic o Cheenae)
*  Sunderland, Ingland, Unitit Kinrick

## Notes
Zahlé

**Zahlé** (Arabic: زحلة; an aa transliterated **Zahleh** or **Zahleh**) is the caipital o Beqaa Govrenorate, Lebanon. Wi aroond 140,000 inhabitants (mostly Christian), it is the third lairgest ceety in Lebanon. The ceety is situatit 52&nbsp;km (32.31&nbsp;mi) east o the Lebanese caipital Beirut.

## Twin toons — Sister ceeties

Zahlé is twinned wi:

*   Rosario,  Argentinae
*  Champagne, France
*  Belo Horizonte, Brazil
Lomé

**Lomé**, wi an estimatit population o 737,751, is the caipital an lairgest ceety o Togo. Locatit on the Gulf o Guinea, Lomé is the kintra's admeenistrative an industrial centre an its chief port. The ceety exports coffee, cocoa, copra, an palm kernels. It an aa haes an oil refinery.

## History
The ceety wis foondit in the 18t century bi the Ewe fowk.

The ceety's population grew rapidly in the seciont hauf o the 20t century. The ceety haed approximately 30,000 indwallers in 1950: bi 1960 (the year Togo gained its unthirldom frae Fraunce) the population haed reached 80,000, increasin tae 200,000 bi 1970.

Syne 1975, investments grew bi 10% in the past year an haed been targetit for development. At the same time, railways, which hae an important role in servin the suburbs o the ceety, deterioratit housomeivver.

Mercat gardenin aroond the ceety increased, spurred bi growin unemployment, rural migration an the demand for vegetables. Mercat gardenin, first extendit tae the north, is carried on mainly alang the beach (whose saund is vera salty), an plantin hedges provides pertection.

The various studies o the land mercat o the ceety shaw that the auries are quite heterogeneous, combinin opulent villas an modest hopsin, athoot social an spatial diveesion o the ceety. Ither problems increasingly experienced bi Lomé are relatit tae garbage collection, an the fecht against unhealthy urban livin conditions haes acome a priority o the ceety an its indwallers.
Govrenorates o Oman

Syne 28 October 2011, Oman is dividit intae eleiven govrenorates (*[[muhafazah]]*):
*Ad Dakhiliyah
*Ad Dhahirah
*Al Batinah North
*Al Batinah Sooth
*Al Buraimi
*Al Wusta
*Ash Sharqiyah North
*Ash Sharqiyah Sooth
*Dhofar
*Masqat
*Musandam
Belaw the govrenorates, Oman is dividit intae provinces (*[[wilayat]]*).

## Regions an govrenorates afore 2011
Afore 28 October 2011, Oman wis dividit intae five regions (*[[mintaqah]]*) an fower govrenorates (*[[muhafazah]]*). The fowert govrenorate, Al Buraymi, wis creatit on 15 October 2006 frae pairts o Ad Dhahirah Region. The regions wur further subdividit intae 62 destricts. Each region haed ane or mair regional center wi a grand total o twal.

## See an aa
*ISO 3166-2:OM

## References

## Freemit airtins
*Arabian names at Geonames.de
Admeenistrative diveesions o Armenie

**[[Armenie]]** is subdividit intae eleiven admeenistrative diveesions. O these, ten are provinces, kent as *marzer* (մարզեր) or in the singular form *[[marz (kintra subdiveesion)|marz]]* (մարզ) in Armenie. 

Yerevan is treatit separately an grantit special admeenistrative status as the kintra's caipital.  The chief executive in each o 10 marzes is the *marzpet*, appointit bi the govrenment o Armenie. In Yerevan, the chief executive is the mayor, appointit bi the preses.

## Provinces

The follaein is a leet o the provinces wi population, area, an density information. Figurs are frae the Naitional Statistical Service o the Republic o Armenie. Note that the area o the Gegharkunik Province includes Lake Sevan which covers 1,278 square kilometers (493.4 sq mi) o its territory. To sort the information, uise the arrae devices in the table heidins.

## Commonties (''hamaynkner'')

Athin each province are commonties (*hamaynkner*, singular *hamaynk*). Each commonty is sel-govrenin an consists o ane or mair settlements (*bnakavayrer*, singular *bnakavayr*). Settlements are classified as either touns (*kaghakner*, singular *kaghak*) or veelages (*gyugher*, singular *gyugh*). As o 2007, Armenie includes 915 commonties, o which 49 are considered urban an 866 are considered rural. The caipital, Yerevan, haes the status o a commonty an aw. Additionally, Yerevan is dividit intae twal semi-autonomous destricts.

## See an aw
* ISO 3166-2:AM

## References


## Freemit airtins
* Naitional Statistical Service o the Republic o Armenie
* http://www.statoids.com/uam.html
Crimson Death

**Crimson Death** is a melodic daith metal baund foondit in 1994 bi Geyner Valencia an Edgar Rodríguez, in Arequipa, Peru, playin metal in the vein o the Gothenburg Soond.

## Discography

## Members
### Current members
*Geyner Valencia - guitar, vocals (1994-present) 
*Carlos Delgado - bass guitar (1995-2001;2005-present)
*Emmanuel Tejada - drums (2009-present)

### Umwhile members
*Eduardo Moya - drums (1995-1998)
*Victor Calvo - bass guitar (2001-2005)
*Rafael Cubillas - drums (1998-2006)
*Karelia Hani - drums (2006-2008)
*Alonso Guevara - drums (2008-2009)
*Edgar Rodríguez - guitar (1994-2010)

### Session muisickers
*Mario Callata - additional keybuirds (2005-2006)

## Freemit airtins
* Offeecial wabsteid 
* Offeecial Myspace
* Crimson Death at Metalstorm.ee 
* Crimson Death interview at Metalstorm.ee
Mortem

**Mortem** are a daith metal baund frae Lima, Peru. Thay are the first Peruvian metal baund tae hae toured Europe an the Unitit States.

## Biography
Mortem is ane o the auldest an maist celebratit baunds frae the obscured Peruvian extreme metal scene. Foondit bi Fernán Nebiros an Alvaro Amduscias in Julie-August 1986 Mortem haes been throu several line-up chynges as thay toured Sooth Americae an released a nummer o demos. Mortem released thair debut album Demon Tales in 1996 efter signin a record deal wi Peruvian record label Huasipungo Records. Demon Tales wad be the seicont Peruvian metal album iver released, follaein the Hadez release ‘Aquelarre’ in 1993. Shortly efter releasin Demon Tales Mortem wis signed tae German metal label Merciless Records which made Mortem the first Peruvian metal baund iver tae sign tae a European label.

In 2003 an 2004 Mortem became the first Peruvian metal baund in history tae tour in Europe an the Unitit States. In 2007 wi fower full lenth studio albums an ane live album tae thair name Mortem hae achieved notable unnergrund status an as such loyal support athort the continents. Mortem haes performed concerts wi Sarcofago, Immolation, Sadistic Intent, Possessed an mony mair.

## Muisical style
Mortem’s muisical style is firmly ruitit in the daith metal, black metal an thrash metal o the 1980's. Mortem’s characteristic hivy soond is defined throu slow an sinister daith metal alternatit wi fast an aggressive coonterpairts. Frantic tremolo pickin in the style o early Possessed an Death biggit on passionate rhythmic percussion topped wi wailin atonal an melodic guitar solos comprise a potent mix which lives up tae the principle o daith metal technique tae craft pundin ritualistic an spiritit daith metal. Vocals are forged frae guttural rasps an aften develop intae heich shrieks while leerics deal mainly wi Occultism an Satanism.

## Line-up
*Fernán Nebiros – guitar, vocals (1986 – present)
*Alvaro Amduscias – drums, bass, vocals (1986 – 1998, 1999 – present)
*Wilber Rosán – guitar (1993 – 1998, 1999 – present)
*Juan C. Muro – bass (1995 – present)

### Umwhile members
*Pablo “Genocidio” Rey – guitar, bass (1988 – 1991)
*José "Mortuorio" Sagar – drums (1987 – 1988)
*Héctor Panty – guitar (1987 – 1988)
*Hugo "Satanarchust" Calle – drums (1988 – 1989)
*Janio "Tremolón" Cuadros – guitar (1989 – 1993)
*Javier "Manthas" Gamarra – bass (1991 – 1992)
*José "Chino Morza" Okamura – live vocals (1991 – 1991, 2000 - 2000)
*Carlos Verástegui – bass (1992 – 1995)
*Jaime García – drums (1998 – 2000)
*Sandro García – guitar (1998 – 1999)
*Christian Jhon – guitar (1999 – 1999)
*Janio Cuadros – live guitar (2000 – 2003)
*Edgar Noise - live guitar (2004 – 2004)

## Discography

## Freemit airtins
*Offeecial Mortem wabsteid 
*Offeecial Mortem myspace
Leet o municipalities o Armenie

The **Municipalities o Armenie** are referred tae as commonties (համայնքներ *hamaynkner*, singular համայնք *hamaynk* ). Each commonty is sel-govrenin an consists o ane or mair dounsets (*bnakavayrer*, singular *bnakavayr*). Dounsets are classifee'd as either touns (*kaghakner*, singular *kaghak*) or veelages (*gyugher*, singular *gyugh*). Armenie includes 915 commonties, o which 49 are considered urban an 866 are considered landwart. The caipital, Yerevan, haes the status o a commonty an aw.

## Urban commonties

## Landwart commonties

## References

en;List of municipalities of Armenia
Kotayk Province

**Kotayk** or **Kotaik** () is a province (*[[Admeenistrative diveesions o Armenie|marz]]*) o Armenie. It is in the centre o the kintra. Its caipital is Hrazdan.  It is best kent for its warld-renouned beer o the same name.

It is hame tae the heichlie frequentit tourist destinations Garni an Geghard an the popular winter sports resort Tsakhkadzor whare Soviet Armenie pheesiologist Leon Orbeli wis born an aw.

Kotayk is the anerlie marz that does no border ony foreign kintras.  It borders the follaein marzes (provinces):
* Lori - north
* Tavush - northeast
* Gegharkunik - east
* Ararat - sooth
* Aragatsotn - west
In the soothwast, atween its borders wi Ararat an Aragatsotn, Kotayk shares a border wi Yerevan an aw.

## Commonties

The province o Kotayk consists o the follaein 67 commonties (*hamaynkner*), o which 7 (**bauld** in the table) are considered urban an 60 are considered landwart. The diveesion belaw is bi raion, the admeenistrative subdiveesions o Armenie afore 1995.

## Gallery

File:Armenia Garni side.jpg|Garni Temple, 1st century AD
File:Geghard entrance-IMG 2525.JPG|Geghard, 4t century, UNESCO Warld Heritage Steid
File:Zachatztor.JPG|Kecharis Monastery in Tsaghkadzor, 11t century
File:Zachatztor aus dem Lift.JPG|Tsaghkadzor toun-resort as seen frae the ropeway
File:Ազատի ջրամբար ու կղզիներ.JPG|The Azat Reservoir alang the Azat River


## Notes


## References
* 

## Freemit airtins
* Kotayk Guide with detailed descriptions, by Rick Ney
* Kotayk Marz Tourist Guide
Las Vegas

**Las Vegas** (, ) is the maist populous ceety in Nevada, Unitit States, the seat o Clark Coonty, and an internaitionally renowned major resort ceety for gamblin, shoppin an fine dinin. Las Vegas, which bills itsel as The Entertainment Caipital o the Warld, is famous for the number o casino resorts an associatit entertainment. A growin retirement an family ceety, it is the 28t maist populous ceety in the Unitit States wi a  population o 603,488 at the 2013 Unitit States Census Estimates. The 2013 population estimate o the Las Vegas metropolitan aurie wis 2,027,828.

Established in 1905, Las Vegas offeecially became a ceety in 1911. Wi the growth that follaed, at the close o the century Las Vegas wis the maist populous American ceety foondit in the 20t century (a distinction held bi Chicago in the 19t century). The ceety's tolerance for various forms o adult entertainment earned it the teetle o Sin City, an this image haes makkit Las Vegas a popular settin for films an telly programmes. There are numerous ootdoor lichtin displays on Fremont Street, as well as elsewhaur in the ceety.

The name *Las Vegas* is aften applied tae unincorporatit auries that surroond the ceety, especially the resort auries on an near the Las Vegas Strip. The 4.2&nbsp;mi (6.8&nbsp;km) stretch o Las Vegas Boulevard kent as the Strip is mainly in the unincorporatit communities o Paradise an Winchester, while a sma portion owerlaps intae Las Vegas an the unincorporatit community o Enterprise.

## Sister ceeties

*  Ansan, Sooth Korea
*  Jeju Ceety, Sooth Korea
*  Huludao, Liaoning, Cheenae
*  Pernik, Bulgarie
*  Phuket, Thailand
*  Angeles Ceety, Philippines
*  Pamukkale, Turkey

## References
Palermo

**Palermo**  (, Sicilian: *Palermu*, , frae , *Panormos*, , *Balerm*) is a historic ceety in Soothren Italy, the caipital o baith the autonomous region o Sicily an the Province o Palermo. The ceety is notit for its rich history, cultur, airchitectur an gastronomy, playin an important role throughoot muckle o its existence; it is ower 2,700 year auld. Palermo is locatit in the northwast o the island o Sicily, richt bi the Gulf o Palermo in the Tyrrhenian Sea.

## Twin touns — sister ceeties

Palermo is twinned wi:
*  Palermo, Colombie
*  Bizerte, Tunisie
*  Bukavu, Democratic Republic o the Congo
*   Chengdu, Cheenae
*  Timişoara, Romanie
*  Gdańsk, Poland 
*  Miami, USA
*  Monterey, Canadae
*  Santiago de Cuba, Cuba
*  Tbilisi, Georgie
*  Yaroslavl, Roushie
*  Samara, Roushie

## References
Dalian

**Dalian** (; ) is a major ceety an seaport in the sooth o Liaoning province, Northeast Cheenae. It faces Shandong tae the sooth, the Yellae Sea tae the east an the Bohai Sea tae the wast an sooth. Hauldin sub-provincial admeenistrative status, Dalian is the soothrenmaist ceety o Northeast Cheenae an Cheenae's northrenmaist warm water port. The seicont lairgest ceety in Liaoning province, next anerlie tae the caipital (Shenyang), the ceety haes a significant history o being uised bi foreign pouers as a port. The day it serves as a regional financial base an an important internaitional shippin centre an logistics hub in Northeast Asie.

## Internaitional relations

### Twin touns — Sister ceeties
Dalian is twinned wi:
* Zaragoza, Spain
* Szczecin, Poland
* Glesga, Scotland, Unitit Kinrick
* Kitakyūshū, Japan
* Le Havre, Fraunce
* Vancouver, Breetish Columbie, Canada
* Ohrid, Macedonie
* Bremen, Free Hanseatic Ceety o Bremen, Germany
* Incheon, Sooth Korea
* Oakland, Californie, USA
* Rostock, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany
* Maizuru, Japan
* Vladivostok, Roushie
*  Pointe-Noire, Republic o Congo
* Bahía Blanca, Argentinae
* Surabaya, Indonesie
* Enschede, Netherlands

## References
Nuremberg

**Nuremberg** ( , no tae be ramfeeselt wi Nürburg) is a ceety in the German state o Bavarie, in the admeenistrative region o Middle Franconie. It is situatit on the Pegnitz river an the Rhine–Main–Danube Canal an is Franconie's lairgest ceety. It is locatit aboot 170 kilometres north o Munich, at 49.27° N 11.5° E. The population (as o Januar 2006) is 500,132. The urban aurie o Nuremberg haes 1.2 million indwallers.

## Internaitional relations

### Twin touns / Sister ceeties
Nuremberg is twinned wi:
*  Nice, France, syne 1954
*  Kraków, Poland, syne 1979
*  Skopje, Macedonie, syne 1982
*  Glesga, Unitit Kinrick syne 1985
*  San Carlos, Nicaragua, syne 1985
*  Gera, Germany, syne 1988, renewed 1997
*  Prague, Czech Republic, syne 1990
*  Kharkiv, Ukraine, syne 1990
*  Hadera, Israel, syne 1995
*  Shenzhen, Cheenae syne 1997
*  Antalya, Turkey, since 1997
*  Kavala, Greece, since 1998
*  Atlanta, Unitit States, syne 1998
*  Venice, Italy, syne 1999

### Pairtner ceeties
Apairt frae the offeecial twin touns (sister ceeties), thare are a nummer wi which Nuremberg maintains "cordial relations":

*  Klausen / Chiusa, Italy  1970
*  Kalkudah, Sri Lanka 2005
*  Verona, Italy 2006
*  Kronstadt/Brasov, Romania 2006
*  Bologna, Italy 2006
*  Bar, Montenegro 2006
*  Cordoba, Spain 2008

Thare is an aa economic co-operation wi ither regions or touns, such as:
*  Changping, Cheenae  2006

## References
Timor

**Timor** is an island at the soothren end o Maritime Sootheast Asie, north o the Timor Sea. It is dividit atween the independent state o East Timor, an Wast Timor, belangin tae the Indonesian province o East Nusa Tenggara. The island's surface is 30,777 square kilometres.  The name is a variant o *timur*, Malay for "east"; it is so cried acause it is at the east end o a chain o islands.
Rostov-on-Don

**Rostov-on-Don** ( *Rostov-na-Donu,* ) is the ceety an the admeenistrative centre o Rostov Oblast an the Soothren Federal Destrict o Roushie, locatit on the Don River, juist 46&nbsp;km fre the Sea o Azov.  Population: 

## Geography
The centre o Rostov-on-Don is locatit c. 1076&nbsp;km (2006) sootheast frae Moscow. It is situatit tae the sootheast frae the East European Plain, maistly on the richt bank o the Don river, 46&nbsp;km frae its confluence wi the Sea o Azov. Sooth-Wastren suburbs o the ceety side wi the delta o the Don river.

## Internaitional relations
### Twin touns — Sister ceeties
Rostov-on-Don is twinned wi:

## References
Smara

**Smara**, an aa **Samara** an **Semara** (), is a ceety in the Moroccan-Admeenistered Wastren Sahara, wi a population estimatit at 42,056.

## History
The laiirgest ceety in its province, Smara wis foondit in the Saguia el-Hamra as an oasis for travellers in 1869. It is the anerlie major ceety in Wastren Sahara that wis no foondit bi the Spainyie. In the centre o the ceety the remains o a stane fortress can be foond, the Zawiy Maalainin, which enclosed a mosque. The Maalainin lived thare frae 1830 till 1912. It wis made a caipital an releegious centre in 1902 bi shaykh Ma al-'Aynayn, in wha wis then Spainyie Sahara. The location o the ceety wis intendit tae ensure its becomin a caravan tred hub in the spairsely populatit Sahara desert. The enlairgement o Smara wis carried oot bi local Sahrawis as well as craftsmen sent bi the sultan Hassan I. In 1902, shaykh Ma al-'Aynayn moved tae Smara an declared it his holy caipital. Amang ither things, he creatit here an important Islamic leebrar, an the toun became a centre o releegious learnin.

In 1904 the shaykh declared hissel an imam an cried for holy war (jihad) against French colonialism, which wis increasingly pressin intae the Sahara at this time. Durin the campaign against Ma al-'Aynayn, Smara wis sacked amaist completely in 1913 bi the French Airmy, an its leebrar destroyed. The toun wis then haundit ower tae the Spainyie. In 1934 the toun wis ance again destroyed efter Sahrawi rebellions against the Spainyie occupation.

### The Vieuchange brithers
Reachin Ma el Ainain's mysterious Smara wis the goal o the brithers Vieuchange, early 20t century French writers an romantics. Michel Vieuchange's painful journey throu the rebel-held Sahrawi lands in 1930 disguised varyingly as a tribesman, a Muslim wumman an an US businessman, an the illness that lead tae his daith on the wey back, is documentit in his traivel diaries. Thay wur published posthumously as *Semara: The Forbidden City* (1932) bi his brither Jean.

### Efter 1975
In 1975, Morocco teuk control o Saguia Elhamra as Spain athdrew, accordin tae the Madrid Accords. The Moroccan airmy teuk the ceety frae the Polisario Front in 1976. Near Tindouf, Algerie, thare still exists a Sahrawi refugee camp named efter Smara. It is ane o the fower camps o the SADR admeenistration in Algerie.

The toun is presently controlled bi the Moroccan authorities, as pairt o wha the govrenment terms its Soothren Provinces, an enclosed bi a section o the Moroccan Wall.

## References

## Freemit airtins

*Entry in Lexicorient 
*ad for "Smara: The Forbidden City" bi Jean an Michel Vieuchange (ISBN 0-88001-146-7)
*Satellite view in Google Maps
Bergen

**Bergen** () is the seicont maistmuckle city in Norawa wi a population o 260,700. Bergen is the admeenistrative centre o Hordaland coonty. Greater Bergen or Bergen Metropolitan Area as defined bi Statistics Norawa, haes a population o 385,100.

Bergen is locatit in the coonty o Hordaland on the sooth-wastren coast o Norawa. It is an important cultural hub in its region, recognised as the unoffeecial caipital o Wastren Norawa an sometimes referred tae as the Atlantic coast caipital o Norawa. The city wis ane o nine European cities honoured wi the title o European Caipital o Cultur in the Millennium year.

## Sister cities
*  Asmara, Eritrea
*  Gothenburg, Swaden
*  Málaga, Spain
*  Newcastle, Unitit Kinrick
*  Seattle, Unitit States
*  Turku, Finland
*  Aarhus, Denmark

## References
Aalborg

**Aalborg** is a Dens industrial an university ceety in North Jutland. The ceety o Aalborg haes a population o 102,312  makin it the fowert lairgest ceety in Denmark in terms o population. 
The municipality o Aalborg haes a population o 201,142 (2012) makin it the third maist populous municipality in the kintra efter Copenhagen an Århus. The earliest settlements date back tae aroond AD&nbsp;700. Its location bi the Limfjord made it an important harbour durin the Middle Ages, an an industrial centre later. The day, the ceety is in transition frae a wirkin-class, industrial ceety tae a knowledge-based ane.

## History o Aalborg

### Early age

Aalborg traces its history back ower 1000 year. It wis oreeginally settled as a tradin post acause o its position on the Limfjord. The steids o wha wur twa settlements an a visible burial grund can be seen on Lindholm Høje, a hill owerleukin the ceety. The sizes o these settlements emphasise the significance o this place as a crossroads.
The first mention o Aalborg unner its oreeginal name *Alabu*, is foond on a coin datit tae 1040. An alternative spellin is *Alebu* an an approximate translation o the name is *The (dwellin) place bi the stream*.

### Middle Ages
Durin the Middle Ages, Aalborg prospered an became ane o the lairgest ceeties in Denmark. This prosperity wis further enhancit when in 1516 Aalborg wis grantit a monopoly in salt herrin. The herrin fishery linkit Aalborg tae the east coast o Ingland, athort the North Sea, baith in commercial competition an cultural exchynge. The panelled interior frae an Aalborg hoose in the Naitional Museum, Copenhagen (*illustration*), shares mony details wi Jacobean panelled rooms.

Aalborg receivit toun privileges in 1342 an the bishopric dates frae 1554.

### Warld War II
Durin the German invasion o Denmark in 1940, the Aalborg Aerodrome wis captured bi German paratroopers vera early in the action an Aalborg is said tae be the first ceety iver tae be captured bi paratroopers. The aerodrome wis crucial for German aircraft tae be able tae reach Norawa.

## Geografie

### Distances
Aalborg is  north o Aarhus,  north o Randers an  north o Hobro. Aalborg is  sooth o Hjørring,  sooth wast o Frederikshavn an  east o Thisted. It is  (bi Great Belt Fixed Link) tae Copenhagen. The distance tae Hamburg in Germany is . Tae Gothenburg in Swaden, it is (bi the Frederikshavn-Göteborg ferry) . Tae Oslo in Norawa, the distance is  (bi the Frederikshavn-Oslo ferry).

### Climate
Simmers in Aalborg hae average heich temperaturs o aroond  an laws o , but temperaturs sometimes exceed  an occasional heatwaves are common durin the simmer.

Winters uisually hae temperaturs o , rarely droppin belaw .

## Internaitional relations

### Twin touns — sister ceeties
Aalborg maintains cultural, economic an educational ties wi 27 ceeties aroond the globe.  Thus, Aalborg haes the maist twin ceeties in Denmark. Ivery fower year Aalborg gathers youth frae the majority o its twin ceeties for a week o sports gemmes, kent as Ungdomslegene (The Youth Gemmes).

## References
Aarhus

**Aarhus** () is the secont-maistmuckle city in Denmark. The principal port o Denmark, Aarhus is on the east side o the peninsula o Jutland in the geographical centre o Denmark. Aarhus is the seat o the cooncil o Aarhus municipality wi 310,956 indwallers an 242,914 (1 Januar 2010) in the inner urban area, an aboot 800,000 indwallers athin hauf a oor transport (Greater Aarhus). The city claims the unofficial title "Caipital o Jutland".

Aarhus is the main an mucklest city in the East Jutland metropolitan area () that is a co-operation in the eastren Jutland wi 17 municipalities. Wi mair nor 1.2 million fowk bidin in the airt it represents aboot 23% o the population o Denmark an is the secont maistmuckle metropolitan area efter the Copenhagen metropolitan area.

## References
UnSun

**UnSun** is a Polish gothic metal band. They were initially formed in 2006 under the name of the **Unseen** by guitarist Maurice "Mauser" Stefanowicz Vader and his wife Anna (vocals).

## Band members
;Current
*Anna "Aya" Stefanowicz − lead vocals (2006−)
*Maurycy "Mauser" Stefanowicz − guitar (2006−)
*Patryk "Patrick" Malinowski − bass guitar (2010−)
*Wojtek "Gonzo" Błaszkowski − drums (2010−)

;Umwhile
*Filip "Heinrich" Hałucha − bass guitar (2006−2010)
*Wawrzyniec "Vaaver" Dramowicz − drums (2006−2010)

## Discography
; Studio albums
* *[[The End of Life]]* (2008)
* *[[Clinic for Dolls]]* (2010)

; Muisic videos
* *Whispers* (2006)
* *Home* (2010)
Herjalf

**Herjalf** is a Pols Gothic metal baund fae Jelenia Góra an currently haes three members. Their muisic is enriched wi characteristic symphonic metal elements an operatic voice.
The group came intae being in simmer 2000 o Julia (vocal) an Pawel (electric guitar) initiative. 
The group signed in Aprile 2005 the contract wi Metal Mind Productions.

## Current members
* Julia Przyborowska - vocals
* Marcin Szylko - keyboards
* Pawel Kiezus - electric guitar

## Discography
* Kiedy Topnieją Śniegi... (2001)
* Mrozem Uśpiona (2001)
* Northern Wind (2004)
Atfih

**Atfih** is a ceety in Middle Egyp, in the Giza Govrenorate. It wis an aa pairt o the Helwan Govrenorate. Its population numbered 106,300 in 2001.

## Etymology
The name is derived frae Auncient Egyptian *Tpyhwt*, meanin *the first o the cous*, referrin tae Hathor. The name became *Petpeh* in Coptic, frae that is derived the Arabic version *Atfih* (). The ceety wis kent in Greco-Roman Egyp as Aphroditopolis.
Fairbanks, Alaska

**Fairbanks** () is a Hame Rule Ceety in an the borough seat o the Fairbanks North Star Borough, Alaska, Unitit States.

Fairbanks is the lairgest ceety in the Interior region o Alaska, an seicont lairgest in the state ahint Anchorage. It is the principal ceety o the Fairbanks, Alaska Metropolitan Statistical Aurie which encompasses aw o the Fairbanks North Star Borough an is the northrenmaist Metropolitan Statistical Aurie in the Unitit States.

Accordin tae 2009 Census Bureau estimates, the population o the ceety wis 35,252, an the Fairbanks metropolitan aurie's population wis 97,970. Fairbanks is hame tae the University o Alaska Fairbanks, the auldest college in Alaska.

## Sister ceeties
*  Aix-les-Bains, Fraunce
*  Erdenet, Mongolie
*  Fanano, Italy
*  Mo i Rana, Norawa
*  Monbetsu, Japan (dormant) 
*  Tainan, Taiwan
*  Pune, Indie
*  Yakutsk, Roushie 
*   Richland, Washington

## References
Trujillo, Peru

**Trujillo**, in northwastren Peru, is the caipital o the La Libertad Region, an the third lairgest ceety in Peru. The urban aurie haes 811,979 indwallers an is an economic hub in northren Peru. The ceety is locatit at the banks o the Moche River, near its mooth at the Paceefic Ocean, in a valley o great cultural hegemony.

While it mey be conceived as a single ceety, Trujillo is no a single admeenistrative unit; rather, it is the core or centre o a major metropolitan aurie that covers an aurie o 110,000 ha, an consists o 9 municipalities in the province, o which 5 are completely metropolitan auries, while the remainin 4 are partially.  The metropolitan aurie haes a population o mair nor 804,000 indwallers, the third maist populous o Peru.

## Sister ceeties
*  Lima
*  Astana 
*  Trujillo.
*  Barcelona
*  Dallas
*  Salt Lake Ceety
*  Metepec
*  Monterrey
*  Managua
*  Asunción
*  Timisoara
*  Trujillo

## References
Ulan-Ude

**Ulan-Ude** (; , *Ulaan-Üde*) is the caipital ceety o the Republic o Buryatie, Roushie an is locatit aboot 100 kilometres (62&nbsp;mi) sootheast o Loch Baikal on the Uda River at its confluence wi the Selenga. Accordin tae the 2010 Census, 404,426 fowk lived in Ulan-Ude; up frae 359,391 recordit in the 2002 Census, makin the ceety the third lairgest in eastren Siberie bi population.

## Names
Ulan-Ude wis first cried **Udinskoye** () for its location on the Uda River. Frae aroond 1735, the settlement wis cried **Udinsk** () an wis grantit toun status unner that name in 1775.

The name wis chynged tae **Verkhneudinsk**, literally "Upper Udinsk" (), in 1783 tae differentiate it frae Nizhneudinsk ("Lawer Udinsk") lyin on a different Uda River near Irkutsk which gained toun status that year. The "upper" an "lawer" refer tae positions o the twa ceeties relative tae ilk ither, no the location o the ceeties on their respective Uda rivers. Verkhneudinsk lies at the mouth o its Uda, i.e. the lawer end, while Nizhneudinsk is alang the middle stretch o its Uda.

The current name wis gien tae the ceety in 1934 an means "reid Uda" or "reid gate" in Buryat reflectin the communist ideology o the Soviet Union tae which it belanged.

## Internaitional relations

### Twin touns — Sister ceeties
Ulan-Ude is twinned wi:
* Anyang, Sooth Korea.
* Berkeley, Unitit States.
* Changchun, Cheenae.
* Darkhan, Mongolie.
* Erdenet, Mongolie.
* Hohhot, Cheenae.
* Kazan, Roushie.
* Manchuria, Cheenae.
* Mannheim, Germany.
* Rumoi, Japan.
* Taipei, Taiwan.
* Ulan Bator, Mongolie.
* Yalta, Ukraine.
* Yamagata, Japan.

## References
Adana

**Adana** is a ceety in Turkey an a major agricultural an commercial center. The ceety is situatit on the Seyhan River, 30&nbsp;kilometres inland frae the Mediterranean Sea, in sooth-central Anatolie. It is the admeenistrative seat o the Adana Province an haes a population o nearly 1.6 million, makin it the fift maist populous ceety in Turkey.

Adana-Mersin Metropolitan Aurie, wi a population o 2.87 million, stretches ower 100 kilometres frae east tae wast an 25 kilometres frae north tae sooth; encompassin the ceeties o Mersin, Tarsus, Adana an Ceyhan. It is the fowert lairgest metropolitan aurie in Turkey an ane o the kintra's leadin centres o commerce an cultur.

Adana lies in the hert o Çukurova, a geographical, economical an cultural region that covers the provinces o Mersin, Adana, Osmaniye an Hatay. Hame tae 5.62 million fowk, the region is maistly a lairge stretch o flat, fertile land being amang the maist agriculturally productive auries o the warld.

## Internaitional relations

### Twin touns — sister ceeties
Adana is twinned wi:

*  Córdoba, Spain
*  Beersheba, Israel
*  Shymkent, Kazakhstan
*  Famagusta, Cyprus
*  Bremerhaven, Germany
*  Skopje, Republic o Macedonie
*  Saunt Petersburg, Roushie
*  Livorno, Italy
*  Ulan Bator, Mongolie

## References
Konya

**Konya** is a ceety in the Central Anatolie Region o Turkey. It is the caipital o the Konya Province, an haed a population o 1.036.027 in 2010 while the provincial population (includin the ither urban centers in the Konya Province) wis 1,959,082 in the same year.

## Internaitional relations

### Twin touns — Sister ceeties
Konya is twinned wi:

*  Multan, Pakistan
*  Okayama, Japan
*  Sana'a, Yemen
*  Sarajevo, Bosnia an Herzegovina
*  Sylhet, Bangladesh
*  Tabriz, Iran
*  Tetovo, Republic o Macedonie
*  Verona, Italy
*  Xi'an, Cheenae

## References
Dubrovnik

**Dubrovnik** () (Italian: *Ragusa*), is a Croatian ceety on the Adriatic Sea coast poseetioned at the terminal end o the Isthmus o Dubrovnik. It is ane o the maist prominent tourist destinations on the Adriatic,  a seaport an the centre o Dubrovnik-Neretva coonty. Its population wis 43,770 in 2001, doun frae 49,728 in 1991. In 1979, the ceety o Dubrovnik jyned the UNESCO leet o Warld Heritage Steids.

The prosperity o the ceety o Dubrovnik haes aaways been based on maritime trade. In the Middle Ages, as the Republic o Ragusa, forby kent as Maritime Republic (thegither wi Amalfi, Pisa, Genoa, Venice an ither ceeties), it becam the anerlie eastren Adriatic ceety-state tae rival Venice. Supportit bi its walth an skilled diplomacy, the ceety achieved a remarkable level o development, parteecularly durin the 15t an 16t centuries. Awbeit demilitarised in the 1970s wi the intent o foriver protectin it frae war devastation, in 1991, efter the breakup o Yugoslavie, it wis besieged bi Serb-Montenegrin forces for 7 month an hivily damaged bi shellin.

## Name
In Croatian, the ceety is kent as *Dubrovnik*; in Italian as *Ragusa*, an its historical name in Greek is *Raiyia* (Ραυγια) or *Ragousa* (Ραγουσα).

The current Croatian name wis offeecially adoptit in 1918 efter the faw o Austrick–Hungary. It is referred tae as Dubrovnik in the first offeecial document o the treaty wi the Bosnian Ban Kulin an aa.

## Internaitional relations

### Twin touns - sister ceeties
Dubrovnik is twinned wi:

* Ravenna, Italy *(syne 1967)*
* Vukovar, Croatie *(syne 1993)*
* Graz, Austrick *(syne 1994)*


* Helsingborg, Swaden *(syne 1996)*
* Ragusa, Italy *(syne 2000)*
* Bad Homburg, Germany *(syne 2002)*

* Sarajevo, Bosnie an Herzegovinae *(syne 2007)*
* Monterey, Californie, Unitit States *(syne 2007)*
* Rueil-Malmaison, Fraunce *(syne 2011)*

## References
Leeds

**Leeds** is a ceety an metropolitan borough in Wast Yorkshire, Ingland. In 2001 Leeds' main urban subdiveesion haed a population o 443,247, while the entire ceety haed a population o 770,800 (2008 est.). Leeds is the cultural, financial an commercial hert of the Wast Yorkshire Urban Aurie, which at the 2001 census haed a population o 1.5 million, an the Leeds ceety region, an economic aurie wi Leeds at its core, haed a population o 2.9 million. Leeds is the UK's lairgest centre for business, legal, an financial services ootside Lunnon.

## Twin touns

The ceety haes several twinnin or pairtnership arrangements:

The ceety an aa haes "strang contacts" wi the follaein ceeties "for the purposes o ongoin projects":

## References
Darkhan

**Darkhan** () is a common Mongolian place name, specifyin:

**in Mongolie:**
* Darkhan-Uul Province, an aimag (province)
* Darkhan (ceety), the caipital o Darkhan-Uul Province
* Darkhan, Khentii, a sum (destrict) o the Khentii aimag

**in Cheenae:**
* Darhan Muminggan Unitit Banner, a coonty level diveesion o Baotou Ceety in Inner Mongolie
Orkhon Province

**Orkhon Aimag** () is ane o the 21 Aimags (provinces) o Mongolie, locatit in the north o the kintra. Its caipital is Erdenet. 
This Aimag wis cut oot o Bulgan Aimag in 1994, tae form a new entity thegither wi its caipital Erdenet, which haed previously been admeenistrated as a federal municipality.

## Admeenistrative Subdiveesion

* - includes aimag caipital Erdenet

## References
Ghadames

**Ghadames** or **Ghadamis** (, Berber: *ghdams* / *ɛadēməs*; Libyan vernacular: ġdāməs) is an oasis toun in the wast o Libie. It lies roughly 549&nbsp;km in the soothwast o Tripoli, near the borders wi Algerie an Tunisie.

The oasis haes a population o 7,000, mainly Berbers. The auld pairt o the toun, which is surroondit bi a wall, haes been declared a Warld Heritage Site o the UNESCO. Each o the seiven clans that uised tae live in this pairt o the toun haed its awn destrict, o which each haed a public place whaur festivals coud be held.

## Etymology
The etymology o the name Ghadames is vera closely linked wi its history. It is believed that the name Ghadames is oreeginally connectit tae the name o the auncient Berber tribe o Tidamensi, a tribe frae Fezzan. It is an aa believed that the name Tidamensi wis corruptit bi the invadin Romans tae form the name Cydamus, which in turn gae wey tae the name Ghadames (Libyan offeecials lik this theory acause it servs thair goals tae modify the history o the toun).

The alternative theory on the namin convention, as espoused bi the local populace, is that the oasis o Ghadames derives frae the Arabic wirds for lunch - "Ghada" an yesterday "ams." The wirds are contractit tae form an approximation o "lunch yesterday."  Bi lore, a group that haed camped near the oasis left materials frae the previous day's campfire ceukoot.  When the steward tasked tae retrieve the materials returned tae the site, the huif o his horse broke throu tae the watter o the oasis that nou lies at the centre o the toun.  Whether or no this legend haulds true, the oasis wis the reason the toun appeared an remained in this maist remote region o the desert.

## History
The first records aboot Ghadames date frae the Roman period, when the dounset wis kent as *Cydamus*. In the 1st century BC the Roman proconsul Lucius Cornelius Balbus invadit Cydamus during the reign o emperor Augustus. A permanent Roman garrison wis established durin the reign o Septimius Severus, an the emperor mey hae visitit the dounset aroond 202 AD. Housomeivver, the Romans athdrew frae the aurie a few decades later durin the Crisis o the Third Century.

Durin the 6t century, a Bishop lived in the oasis, efter the population haed been convertit tae Christianity bi Byzantine missionaries.

Durin the 7t century, Ghadames wis ruled bi the Muslim Arabs. The population quickly convertit tae Islam an Ghadames played an important role as base for the Trans-Saharan trade till the 19t century.

In the 1970s, the govrenment biggit new hooses ootside o the auld pairt o the toun. Housomeivver, mony indwallers return tae the auld pairt o the toun durin the simmer, as its airchitectur provides better pertection against the heat.

## References

## Fremmit airtins
Yifrin

**Yifrin**, an aa spelled **Yefren**, **Yafran** or **Ifrane** () is a ceety in northwastren Libie, in Al Jabal al Gharbi Destrict.  Afore 2007, Yifrin wis the admeenistrative seat o the Yafran Destrict.

## Notes


## Freemit airtins
* "Yafran, Libya", Falling Rain Genomics, Inc.  
* "Yafran Map — Satellite Images o Yafran", Maplandia
Shirak, Armenie

**Shirak** (; umwhile, **Kunakhkran** an **Konakhkran**) is a toun in the Shirak Province o Armenie.

## References
*
*World Gazeteer: Armenia &ndash; World-Gazetteer.com
*
Shirak Province

**Shirak** () is a province (*[[Admeenistrative diveesions o Armenie|marz]]*) o Armenie.  It is in the north-wast o the kintra, borderin Turkey in the wast an Georgie in the north.  Its caipital is Gyumri. Shirak is kent as the hameland of khash. It is as muckle semi-desert as it is muntain meadow or heich alpine. In the sooth, the heich steppes crash intae muntain terrain, verdant green in the spring, hues o reddish broun in the simmer. Shirak is served bi Shirak Internaitional Airport near Gyumri.

## History
The auncient history o Shirak is similar tae its cousin the Ararat Glen, steeped in legend tae some, but foond bi archaeologists tae hae been inhabitit 250,000 year ago, wi settlements poppin up alang the Akhurian Valley beginnin aroond 9000 BC. Agriculturally based, the region haes few o the metallurgical centers foond Sooth, but still haed sophisticatit dounsets.

Shirak borders the follaein marzer:
*Lori - east
*Aragatsotn - sooth

## Commonties

The province o Shirak consists o the follaein 119 commonties (*hamaynkner*), o which 3 (**bauld** in the table) are considered urban an 116 are considered landwart. The diveesion below is bi raion, the admeenistrative subdiveesions o Armenie afore 1995.

## References
Artik

**Artik** (Armenian: , an aa Romanized as **Art’ik**) is a ceety locatit in the Shirak (marz) province o Armenie. It haes a population o 14,949 fowk, doun frae the 25,100 reportit in the 1989 census.

Artik haes mony monuments an kirks. At the square there is a Warld War II monument. A short distance frae the square are the twa kirks o Saunt Marine biggit in the 5t century an Surb Gevorg biggit in the 7t century. Surp Gevorg is the lairger o the twa an haed previously been turned intae a storehoose unner the Soviets. The first attempt tae restore the kirk wis made in early 1990s. Baith kirk are in partial ruins, wi restoration interruptit bi the collapse o the USSR. On Januar 6, 2006 a fund-raisin campaign wis annoonced in the ceety o Artik tae reconstruct S. Gevorg. Near the ceety is an aa an 18t century kirk in a cave, an a well preserved kirk o Lmbatavank (Surb Stepanos) biggit in the 7t century staundin on a hillside. The kirk wis reconstructit atween 1955-1956. Durin 1960 excavations, a Bronze-Age cemetery wis discovered unner the stanes.

## Sports
* Tufagorts Artik - fitbaa club

## Gallery

Image:Artik S. Gevorg 1.JPG|Surb Gevorg Kirk o the 7t c.
Image:Artik S. Gevorg 2.JPG|S. Gevorg
Image:Lmbatavank.JPG|Lmbatavank (Surb Stepanos) Kirk o the 7t c.


## References
*
*
* World Gazeteer: Armenia &ndash; World-Gazetteer.com

## Freemit airtins
* Armeniapedia.org: Artik
Maralik

**Maralik** () is a ceety in the Armenian province (marz) o Shirak. The ceety haes a kirk whilk wis biggit in 1903 an Maralik haes mony khachkars datin frae the 11–12t centuries.

## Uises in fiction
It is the hame o fictional character Petra Arkanian frae Orson Scott Card's Ender series.

## References
*
*World Gazeteer: Armenia &ndash; World-Gazetteer.com
*
Aragatsotn Province

**Aragatsotn** () is a province (*[[marz]]*) o Armenie.  It is in the wast o the kintra, an its caipital is Ashtarak. The name means "a fuit o Aragats" (the heichest muntain o the Republic o Armenie).  Durin the Arsacid Dynasty o the Kinrick o Armenie, the region wis pairt o the Ayrarat province.  It wis ruled bi the Amatuni noble family wi its caipital at Oshakan.

The region is primarily inhabitit bi Armenians but an aa haulds a significant Yazidi Kurdish minority.

Aragatsotn's wastren edge forms pairt o Armenie's border wi Turkey.  It an aa borders the follaein marzer:
* Shirak - north
* Lori - northeast
* Kotayk - east
* Armavir - sooth
Aragatsotn an aa shares a sma border wi Yerevan in its soothwast atween its borders wi Kotayk an Armavir.

## Commonties

The province o Aragatsotn consists o the follaein 114 commonties (*hamaynkner*), o which 3 (**bauld** in the table) are considered urban an 111 are considered rural. The diveesion belaw is bi raion, the admeenistrative subdiveesions o Armenie afore 1995.

## Gallery

File:Talin Cathedral - Armenia.JPG|Cathedral o Talin, 7t century
File:Saghmosavank kev.jpg|Saghmosavank Monastery, 13t century
File:Monument to Battle of Bash-Aparan.jpg|Monument tae the Battle o Bash Abaran
File:Armenian_alphabet_003.jpg|Armenian alphabet pairk near Aparan
File:Byurakan 2.jpg|Byurakan Observatory


## See an aa
* Munt Aragats
* Yazidis in Armenie

## Notes


## References
* 

## Freemit airtins
* Aragatsotn guide with detailed descriptions, by Rick Ney
* Aragatsotn Tourist Guide
* The Guide tae Aragatsotn