open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Banner o Vietnam

The **Banner o [[Vietnam]]** frae 1976, offeecially the Socialist Republic o Vietnam, kent as the "red banner wi yellae starn" (*cờ đỏ sao vàng*) an aw, wis designed in 1940 an uised that year durin an uprisin against French rule in Cochincheenae. The banner wis uised bi the Việt Minh, a communist-led organization creatit in 1941 tae oppose Japanese occupation. When the Japanese surrendered at the end o Warld War II, Việt Minh leader Ho Chi Minh proclaimed the Democratic Republic o Vietnam in Hanoi wi hissel as preses. Hồ signed a decree on 5 September 1945 adoptin the Việt Minh banner as the banner o the DRV. The DRV became the govrenment o North Vietnam in 1954 follaein the Geneva Accords. The banner wis modifee'd in 1955 tae mak the edges o the starn sharper. The reid backgrund wis inspired bi the banner o the communist pairty, which in turn honors the red banner o the Paris Commune o 1871. It seembolizes revolution an bluid. The five-pointit yellae starn represents the unity o wirkers, peasants, intellectuals, traders an sodgers in biggin socialism. Till Saigon wis captured in 1975, Sooth Vietnam uised a yellae banner wi three reid stripes. The reid banner o North Vietnam became the banner o a unitit Vietnam when the Socialist Republic o Vietnam wis formed on 2 Julie 1976.
Banner o Myanmar

The **Banner o [[Burma]]** (an aa cawed **Myanmar**) The **[[Burma|Republic o the Union o Myanmar]]** adoptit a new **state banner** on 21 October 2010 tae replace the umwhile socialist banner in uise syne 1974. The new banner wis introduced alang wi changes tae the kintra's name an naitional anthem, laid oot in a new Constitution ahead o general elections in November 2010 intendit tae transition the kintra frae military rule tae an electit civilian govrenment.

The design o the banner haes three horizontal stripes o yellae, green an reid wi a five-pointit white star in the middle. The colors staund for solidarity, peace, tranquility, courage an decisiveness.

## Previous banner
The previous banner wis adoptit on Januar 3, 1974 upon the declaration o a socialist republic in Burma bi Ne Win. Thare ar 14 stars encircling a cogwheel an a rice plant. The rice stands for agriculture, the cogwheel represents industry, the 14 stars represent the unity an equality atween the 14 member states o the Union. These socialist seembols staund for the workers an farmers. The white colour symbolizes purity, the blue symbolizes peace an integrity, an the reid symbolizes courage.

## Historic Banners o Burma

File:Flag of Burma (Alaungpaya Dynasty).svg|Banner o Burmese Empire unner Konbaung dynasty (1700-1885)
File:Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg|Banner o Breetish Burma as a colony o British Indie (1824-1939)
File:British Burma 1937 flag.svg|Banner o British Burma, as a separate colony (1939 - 1943, 1945-1948)
File:Flag of Burma 1943.svg|Banner o the State o Burma (1943 – 1945)
File:Flag of Burma (1948-1974).svg|Banner o the Union o Burma (1948 - 1974)
File:Flag of Myanmar (1974-2010).svg|Banner o the Socialist Republic o the Union o Burma (1974-1988) an the Union o Myanmar (1988-2010)
File:Flag_of_Myanmar.svg|Banner o the Republic o the Union o Myanmar (2010-current)


## References
Banner o Korea

**Banner o Korea** mey refer tae:
* The Banner o North Korea
* The Banner o the Republic o Korea
* The banner o the Korean Empire, which the banner o the Republic o Korea is derived frae, uised prior tae its annexation bi Japan.
Banner o North Korea

The **Banner o [[North Korea]]** wis adoptit on September 8, 1948, as the naitional banner an ensign. The reid starn o Communism can be seen on this banner on a white disc. North Korea haed oreeginally adoptit a "taegeukgi" follaein unthrildom frae Japan wi a taoist yin-yang seembol seemilar tae that in the Sooth Korean banner but later revised its banner tae mair closely reflect that o the USSR.
The banner wis adoptit in 1948, when North Korea became an independent Communist state. The traditional Korean banner wis reid, white, an blue. The kintra retained these colors (wi mair prominence gien tae the reid) an addit a reid starn on a white disk. The disk recalls the taegeuk foond on the banner o Sooth Korea, an represents the opposin principles o naitur. The reid stripe expresses revolutionary tradeetions; the reid starn is for Communism. The twa blue stripes staund for sovereignty, peace an friendship. The white stripe seembolizes purity.

A 600-lb (270&nbsp;kg) North Korean naitional banner flies frae the warld's lairgest flagpole, which is locatit at Kijŏng-dong, on the North Korean side o the Military Demarcation Line athin the Korean Demilitarized Zone. The banner-pole is 160m taw.

The banner o North Korea slichtly resembles the banners o Thailand an Costa Rica.

Thare ar few ither kent banners in uise. Thare is a banner for the Korean People's Army, as well as its twa subdeevisions the Korean Fowks' Air Force an Korean Fowks' Navy, which follae a common design but wi different colors (blue an white for the Navy an Air Force blue an white for the Air Force). Thare is an' a' a bannner o the rulin Wirker's Pairty o Korea, modeled efter seemilar communist pairty banners, an a banner for the Supreme Commander o the KPA uised bi Kim Jong-il, an haes the Supreme Commander's Airms on a reid field.
Banner o Mongolie

The current **[[banner]] o [[Mongolie]]** wis adoptit on Februar 12, 1992.  It is seemilar tae the banner o 1949, except for the removal o the socialist starn. It haes three equal, vertical bands o reid (hoist side), blue, an reid. Centered on the hoist-side reid baund in yellae is the naitional emblem (the Soyombo symbol - a columnar arrangement o abstract an geometric representations o fire, sun, moon, earth, watter, an the Taijitu or Yin-Yang symbol).

## Historical flags
Atween 1945 an 1992, the banner o the Mongolian People's Republic displayed a yellae starn on tap o the Soyombo, seembolisin socialism.


File:Flag of Mongolia (1911).svg| Banner o the Bogda Khaanate o Mongolia (1911-1921)
File:Flag of the People's Republic of Mongolia (1921-1924).svg| Banner o the Mongolian People's Republic (1921-1924)
File:Flag of the People's Republic of Mongolia (1924-1940).svg| Banner o the Mongolian People's Republic (1924-1940)
File:Flag of the People's Republic of Mongolia (1949-1992).svg| Banner o the Mongolian People's Republic (1940-1992)
Banner o Laos

The **banner o [[Laos]]** wis adoptit on December 2, 1975. The banner haed previously been uised bi the short-lived Lao nationalist govrenment o 1945.

## Description an symbolism
The banner consists o three horizontal strips, middle blue strip is twice the heicht o the tap an bottom reid stripes. In the middle is a white disc, the diameter o the disc is 0.8 times the heicht o the blue stripe. The banner ratio is 2:3.
The naitional banner o Laos wis adoptit in 1975, when the kintra became a fowkrepublic. It is ane o the few Communist flags that daes nae uise the five-pyntit star as an emblem. This banner replaced the oreeginal banner o Laos, which wis reid, wi a triple-headed white elephant on a pedestal beneath a parasol. This expressed the auncient name o the kintra, "Land o a Million Elephants," an dated frae the 19t century. Frae 1953 onward the royal govrenment waged war wi the Pathet Lao, whose banner wis blue wi a white disk an reid borders at the tap an bottom. Frae 1973-1975, the Pathet Lao formed pairt o the govrenment coalition, afore assuming power directly an prompting the abdication o the keeng. Thair banner wis adoptit as the naitional banner. In the center is a white disk seembolisin the unity o the fowk unner the leadership o the Lao Fowk's Revolutionary Pairty an the kintra's bricht future. It is an aa said to represent a full muin against the Mekong River. The reid stripes staund for the bluid shed bi the fowk in thair struggle for freedom, an the blue symbolizes thair prosperity.

## Heestory
Frae 1952 until the faw o the royal govrenment in 1975 the kintra haed a reid banner, wi a white three-headed elephant (the god Erawan) in the middle. On tap o the elephant is a nine-folded umbrella, while the elephant itself stands on a five-level pedestal. The white elephant is a common royal seembol in Soothaest Asie, the three heads referred tae the three umwhile kinricks Vientiane, Luangprabang, an Champasak which made up the kinrick. The nine-folded umbrella is an aa a royal seembol, originating frae Mt. Meru in the Buddhist cosmology. The pedestal represented the law on which the kintra rested.

The Wastren heraldic blazon is *A banner Gules, a [[Spainyie fess]] azure charged with a [[roundel|plate]]*. This new banner haes replaced the ane uised syne 1952.
Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile

The **Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile**, commonly referred to as the **FIA**, is a non-profit association established as the Association Internationale des Automobile Clubs Reconnus (AIACR) on 20 Juin 1904 to represent the interests of motoring organisations an motor caur uisers. To the general public, the FIA is mostly kent as the governing body for mony auto racing events.

Headquartered at 8, Place de la Concorde, Paris, the FIA consists o 213 naitional member organisations in 125 kintras warldwide. Its current president is Jean Todt.

As is the case with fitbaa's FIFA, the FIA is generally kent bi its French name an acronym, even in non French-speaking countries, but is occasionally rendered as *Internaitional Automobile Federation*.

Its maist prominent role is in the licencing an arbitration o Formula One motor racin. The FIA along with the FIM also certify land speed record attempts.
Formula Ane

**Formula Ane** (), forby kent as **Formula 1** or **F1**, an offeecially referred tae as the **FIA Formula Ane Warld Championship**, is the heichest cless o single seater auto racin approven bi the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA). The "formula" in the nem refers tae a set o rules wi which aw participants' caurs maun comply.
James Erskine, 14t Yerl o Mar

**James Thorne Erskine, 14t Earl o Mar an 16t Earl o Kellie**, DL (born Mairch 10, 1949) is a Leeberal Democrat member o the Hoose o Lairds.

Educatit at Eton College, he wis Page o Honour tae Queen Elizabeth II in 1962 an 1963. As the 16t Viscoont Fentoun, he is Premier Viscoont o Scotland. He is an aw 19t Lord Erskine; 16t Lord Erskine o Dirleton; 16t Lord Dirleton an the Chief o the Name an Airms o Erskine.

In order tae remain in the Lords efter the remuival o maist hereditary peers in 1999 he wis creatit a  life peer as **Baron Erskine o Alloa Touer**, o Alloa in Clackmannanshire.

Syne 1991, he haes been a Deputy Lieutenant for Clackmannanshire.

He haes sat in the House o Lords syne 1994. Thare, he is Liberal Democrat spokesman on Scotland, an assistant whip an sits on the Constitution committee an the Religious Offences committee.

Awin tae a nineteent century dispute, thare is anither Earldom o Mar, held bi Margaret Alison o Mar, 31st Coontess o Mar.
Andreas Zuber

**Andreas "Andi" Zuber** (born 9 October 1983 in Judenburg, Austrick) is a race caur driver. A Austrick bi birth, he ance racit unner a license frae the Unitit Arab Emirates.
## Racin record
### Career summary

### Complete Formula Renault 2000 Eurocup results
(key) 

### Complete Formula Three Euroseries results
(key) 

### Complete Formula Renault 3.5 Series results
(key) (Races in **bold** indicate pole poseetion) (Races in *italics* indicate fastest lap)

### Complete GP2 Series results
(key) (Races in **bold** indicate pole poseetion) (Races in *italics* indicate fastest lap)

#### Complete GP2 Asia Series results
(key) (Races in **bold** indicate pole poseetion) (Races in *italics* indicate fastest lap)

### Superleague Formula

* * Al Ain FC oweraw staundin. Thare is no drivers' championship in the Superleague Formula.
Ankara

**Ankara** is the caipital o Turkey an the kintras's seicont maist muckle ceety efter Istanbul. The ceety haes a mean elevation o 938 metre abuin sea level, wi varyin elevations frae 900 metre tae 1,300 metre abuin sea level. At 2008 the ceety haed 4,500,000 fowk. Ankara is the caipital o Ankara Province an aw.

As wi mony auncient cities, Ankara haes gaun bi twa-three name ower the ages. It haes been identified wi the Hittite cult center **Ankuwaš**, awtho this is a maiter o debate. In classical antiquity an durin the medieval period, the ceety wis kent as **Ánkyra** (, "anchor") in Greek an **Ancyra** in Latin; the Galatian Celtic name wis mebbe a seemilar variant. Follaein its annexation bi the Seljuk Turks in 1073, the ceety became kent in mony European leids as **Angora**, a uisage thit continued until its offeecial renamin tae **Ankara** unner the Turkish Postal Service Law o 1930.

Locatit in the centre in Anatolie, Ankara is an important commercial an industrial ceety. It is the centre for the Turkish Govrenment, an hooses aw foreign embassies. It is an important crossroads o tred, strategically locatit at the centre o Turkey's heichway an railwey netwirks, an serves as the mercatin centre for the surroondin agricultural area. The ceety wis famous for its lang-haired Angora goat an its prized wool (mohair), a unique breed o cat (Angora cat), white rabbits an thair prized wool (Angora wool), peirs, honey, an the region's muscat grapes.

The historical centre o Ankara is seetuatit on a rocky hill, thit rises 150&nbsp;m (492&nbsp;ft) abuin the plain on the left bank o the *Ankara Çayı*, a tributary o the Sakarya (Sangarius) river. The ceety is fund at 39°52'30" North, 32°52' East (), aboot 351&nbsp;km (218&nbsp;mi) tae the sootheast o Istanbul, the kintra's mucklest ceety. Awtho situatit in ane o the driest places in Turkey an surroondit maistly bi steppe vegetation except for the forestit areas on the soothren periphery, Ankara can be considered a green ceety in terms o green areas per inhabitant, that is 72&nbsp;m2 per heid.

Ankara is a verra auld ceety wi various Hittite, Phrygian, Hellenistic, Roman, Byzantine, an Ottoman archaeological sites. The hill thit owerleuks the ceety is crouned bi the ruins o the auld castle, thit adds tae the picturesque view, but anely twa-three historic structur surroondin the auld citadel hae survived tae the present day. Thare are, housomeivver, mony finely preserved remeens o Hellenistic, Roman an Byzantine architectur, the maist remairkable bein the Temple o Augustus an Roum (20 BC) thit is cried the *Monumentum Ancyranum* an aw.

## Internaitional relations
### Twin touns — sister cities
Ankara is twinned wi: o Ankara are leetit belaw:

## Gallery

File:Ankara Atakule.JPG|Atakule Touer an Atrium maw in central Ankara
File:Sezenler Sokak.JPG
File:Ankara (16290014657).jpg
File:Altınpark vadi 2014.jpg
File:AŞTİ junction - Balgat.jpg


## References
### Notes

## Freemit airtins

* Govrenorship o Ankara
* Municipality o Ankara
* Ankara City Guide 
* Esenboğa Internaitional Airport
Naildown

**Naildown** is a Finnish melodic daith metal baund, oreeginally foondit in 2003 unner the name Acid Universe.
## Members
### Current
*Daniel Freyberg - guitar, vocals, keybuirds (on "third album")
*Matti Hämäläinen - bass
*Asko Sartanen - guitar
*Heikki Saari - Drums

### Umwhile
*Jarmo Puikkonen - keybuirds
*Harri Heikkinen - drums
*Janne Jukarainen - drums

## Discography
At the Gates

**At the Gates** wis ane o the three baunds to pioneer melodic daith metal, the others ar In Flames an Dark Tranquillity. The baund wis active atween 1990 an 1995 an briefly 2008. They released fower studio albums, ane EP an a live album. The baund wis superceedit bi The Haunted.

## Members
* Tomas Lindberg - vocals (1990-1995, 2008)
* Anders Björler - lead guitar (1990-1995, 2008)
* Martin Larsson - rhythm guitar (1990-1995, 2008)
* Jonas Björler - bass guitar (1993-1995, 2008)
* Adrian Erlandsson - drums (1990-1995, 2008)
* Alf Svensson - rhythm guitar (1990-1993)
Epica (baund)

**Epica** is a Dutch symphonic metal baund foondit bi guitarist an vocalist Mark Jansen subsequent to his departure frae After Forever.

## Line-up
* Simone Simons – mezzo-soprano vocals
* Mark Jansen – rhythm guitar, grunts, screams
* Isaac Delahaye – lead guitar, backing vocals
* Yves Huts – bass guitar
* Coen Janssen – synthesizer, piano
* Ariën van Weesenbeek – drums, grunts, spoken words

### Former members
* Helena Iren Michaelsen – soprano vocals (2002–2003)
* Jeroen Simons – drums (2002–2006)
* Ad Sluijter – guitar (2002–2008)

### Session members
* Koen Herfst – drums (tour 2007)
* Amanda Somerville – vocals (North American tour 2008), background vocals on *The Phantom Agony*, *Consign to Oblivion*, *The Divine Conspiracy*, and *Design Your Universe*.
* Oliver Palotai – keyboards (North American tour 2010)

## Discography
### Demos
* 2002: *[[Cry for the Moon]]*

### Studio albums
* 2003: *[[The Phantom Agony]]*
* 2005: *[[Consign to Oblivion]]*
* 2007: *[[The Divine Conspiracy]]*
* 2009: *[[Design Your Universe]]*

### EPs and singles
* 2003: "The Phantom Agony"
* 2004: "Feint"
* 2004: "Cry for the Moon"
* 2005: "Solitary Ground"
* 2005: "Quietus (Silent Reverie)"
* 2007: "Never Enough"
* 2008: "Chasing the Dragon"
* 2009: "Unleashed"
* 2010: "This Is the Time"

### DVD
* 2004*: [[We Will Take You With Us]]*

### Compilations and other recordings
* 2005: *[[The Score – An Epic Journey]]*
* 2006: *[[The Road to Paradiso]]*
* 2009: *[[The Classical Conspiracy]]*

### Music videos
* 2003: "The Phantom Agony"
* 2004: "Feint"
* 2005: "Solitary Ground"
* 2005: "Quietus"
* 2007: "Never Enough"
* 2009: "Unleashed"
* 2010: "This Is the Time"
Razor (baund)

**Razor** is a Canadian speed/thrash metal baund formed in 1984 at Guelph, Ontario. The group shot muisic videos for sangs sic as "*Evil Invaders*", "*Shotgun Justice*", "*American Luck*", an "*Sucker for Punishment*". The baund dissolved in 1992, but reformed in the late 1990s tae record anither album, titled *Decibels*, in 1997. The baund dissolved again, an reformed in 2005, an are currently plannin tae record anither studio album. Thay wur featurt on the 2005 "The Gates of Hell Tour". In the Unitit States an Canadae thay hae toured wi weel kent acts sic as Slayer, Motörhead an Venom. Guitarist an primary leericist Dave Carlo haes been the ae permanent member in the baund's 20-year history.

## Baund members
### Current members
* Dave Carlo - guitars (1984-1992, 1997-present) 
* Bob Reid - vocals (1989-1992, 1997-present)
* Adam Carlo - Bass (1988-1991, 2003-2005, 2008-present)
* Rob Mills - drums (1988-92, 1998-present)

### Unwhile members
* John Armstrong - bass (1991-1992, 1997-2002)
* Rich Oosterbosch - drums (1997) 
* Mike Campagnolo - Bass (1984-1987, 2005-2008) 
* Stace "Sheepdog" McLaren - vocals (1984-89)
* Mike 'M-Bro" Embro - drums (1984-87)

## Discography
* *Escape The Fire* (1984) (Self-produced)
* *[[Armed & Dangerous (Razor album)|Armed & Dangerous]]* (1984) (Voice Records)
* *[[Executioner's Song (album)|Executioner's Song]]* (1985) (Unidisc)
* *[[Evil Invaders]]* (1985) (Unidisc)
* *[[Malicious Intent]]* (1986) (Unidisc)
* *[[Custom Killing]]* (1987) (Fist Fight Rec.)
* *[[Violent Restitution]]* (1988) (SPV GmbH)
* *[[Shotgun Justice]]* (1990) (Fringe Rec.)
* *[[Open Hostility]]* (1991) (Fringe Rec.)
* *Exhumed* (1994) (Steamhammer) Compilation
* *Decibels* (1997) (Hypnotic Records)

## External links
* Razor MySpace
Clan Fenton

**Clan Fenton** is a Scots clan. It daes no hae a clan chief recognised bi the Lord Lyon Kieeng o Airms therefore the clan haes nae staundin unner Scots Law. Clan Fenton is considered an armigerous clan, meanin that it is considered tae hae haed at ane time a chief who possessed the chiefly airms, houiver no ane at present is in possession o sic arms. the arms o Fenton o that Ilk are blazoned as: *[[Gules]], a bend engrailed [[Argent]]*.

The clan held the lands o Fenton at Dirleton in East Lothian. Sir William Fenton, who wis styled "Lord o Beaufort" wis ane o the auditors that gathered at Berwick debatin the competin claims atween Robert the Bruce an John de Balliol. Accordin tae the heraldist Alexander Nisbet, William or aiblins his son marrit Cecilia Bisset the co-heiress o William Bisset, Lord o Lovat. The principal line o the Lawland Fentons endit in the marriage atween an heiress an Whitelaw o that Ilk.
ETA

**Euskadi Ta Askatasuna**, or **ETA** (Inglis: *Basque Homeland and Freedom*; Scots:*Basque Hameland an Freedom") *is an airmed Basque naitionalist an separatist organisation. The group wis foondit in 1959 an haes syne evolved frae a group promotin traditional Basque cultur tae a paramilitary group wi the goal o gainin unthirldom for the Greater Basque Kintra frae a Marxist-Leninist perspective. ETA is the main organisation o the Basque Naitional Leeberation Movement an is the maist important participant in the Basque conflict.

ETA's motto is Bietan jarrai ("Keep up on baith"), referrin tae the twa figures in its seembol, a snake (representin politics) wrapped aroond an axe (representin airmed struggle).

Syne 1968, ETA haes killed ower 800 individuals, injured thoosans an unnertaken dozens o kidnappins. The group is proscribed as a terrorist organization bi the Spainyie an French authority, as well as the European Union as a whole, an the Unitit States. This convention is follaed bi a plurality o domestic an internaitional media, which an aa refer tae the group as "terrorists". Mair nor 700 members o the organization are incarceratit in preesons in Spain, Fraunce, an ather kintras.
Basque Kintra

The **Basque Kintra** mey refer til ane o three auries inhabitit bi the Basque fowk:
* The Basque Kintra (autonomous commonty) (*Comunidad Autónoma Vasca*, *Euskadi*, *País Vasco* or *Vascongadas*), a autonomous commonty o Spain (shawn in pink on the cairt)
* The Basque Kintra (greater region) (*Euskal Herria*, *País Vasco*, *Pays Basque*), the approximate cultural aurie o Basque cultur an leid
* The Northren Basque Kintra or French Basque Kintra (*Iparralde*, *Pays Basque* or *Pays Basque Nord*), the three (historic) northren provinces in Fraunce (shawn in yellae on the cairt).
* The Soothren Basque Kintra (*Hegoalde*) is a term uised in Basque tae refer tae the Basque provinces in Spain, i.e. the Autonomous Basque Commonty plus Navarre (shawn in pink an green on the cairt).
Basque Kintra (autonomous commonty)

The **Basque Kintra** (; , IPA: [paˈis ˈβasko]) is an Autonomous Commonty o northren Spain.

The Basque Kintra wis grantit the status o historical region athin Spain wi the Spaingie Constitution o 1978. The caipital is Vitoria-Gasteiz (Vitoria is the name in Spainish, Gasteiz in Basque) an Bilbao its lairgest ceety.

The autonomous commonty o the Basque Kintra isna the same the lairger Basque Kintra (Basque: "Euskal Herria"), o whilk it is a component pairt.
Basque Kintra (greater region)

The **Basque Kintra** () is a European cultural region hame tae the Basques in the wastren Pyrenees that spans the border atween Fraunce an Spain on the Atlantic coast.

It comprises the Autonomous Commonties o the Basque Kintra (autonomous community) an Navarre in Spain an the Northren Basque Kintra in Fraunce.

Even tho they ar no necessarily synonyms, the concept o a single culturally Basque aurie spannin various regions an kintras haes been closely associatit since its vera inception tae the politics o Basque naitionalism. As such, the region is considered hame tae the Basques (Basque: *Euskaldunak*), their leid (Basque: Euskara), cultur an tradeetions. Nivertheless the aurie is neither linguistically nor culturally homogeneous, an the vera Basqueness o pairts o it, such as soothren Navarre, remains a vera contentious issue.

## Notes
French Basque Kintra

The **French Basque Kintra** or **Northren Basque Kintra** (, , , i.e. "the North Side") constitutes the north-eastren pairt o the Basque Kintra an the wastren pairt o the French depairtment o the Pyrénées-Atlantiques (*arrondissements* o Bayonne an pairt o Oloron). Wi 2,869&nbsp;km², it is delimited in the north bi the depairtment o Landes, in the wast bi the Bay o Biscay, in the sooth bi the Soothren Basque Kintra an in the east bi Béarn (awtho in the Bearnese veelage o Esquiule Basque is spoken), which is the eastren pairt o the depairtment. Bayonne an Biarritz (conglomeration BAB) ar its chief touns. It is a popular tourist destination an is somewha distinct frae neighbourin pairts o aither Fraunce or the Soothren Basque Kintra, syne it wis no industrialized as Biscay o Gipuzkoa an remained agricultural an a beach destination.

Basques describe the northren Basque Kintra as the union o three "French provinces" in the northeast o the traditional Basque Kintra:
* Lawer Navarre (*Nafarroa Beherea* in Basque, *Basse-Navarre* in French, till 1789 Kinrick o Navarre (linkt tae the keengs o Fraunce). 1,284&nbsp;km².
* Labourd (*Lapurdi* in Basque). 800&nbsp;km².
* Soule (*Zuberoa* in Basque). 785&nbsp;km².

Its Basque name is *Iparralde* ("Northren Side") while the pairt o the Basque Kintra locatit in Spain is cawed Hegoalde ("Southren Side").

Its population haes been: 126,493 (in 1801); 162,365 (1851); 226,749 (1979) (79% in Labourd, 13% in Lawer Navarre, 8% in Soule); 259,850 (1990) (81%; 13%; 6% respectively); 262,000 (1999 census).

Accordin tae an inquiry o 2006, 22.5% wur bilinguals (French-Basque), 8.6% wur French-speakers who unnerstand Basque, an 68.9% wur no Basque-speakers. But the results wur vera different in the three zones; in the inner land (Basse Navarre an Soule) 66.2% speak or unnerstand Basque; in the coast (Labourd) thay ar 36.9% ; an in the B.A.B. urban zone (Bayonne-Anglet-Biarritz) ae a 14.2% speak or unnerstand Basque (accordin tae anither inquiry, 20% o the B.A.B. fowk can speak or unnerstand the Gascon leid). The proportion o French-Basque bilingual speakers fell frae 26.4% in 1996 tae 22.5% in 2006.

Thare is a Basque naitionalist poleetical movement, born in 1963 wi the Enbata mouvement (forbidden in 1974) an nou wi Abertzaleen Batasuna an ithers, which seeks a split o Pyrénées-Atlantiques intae twa French departments: *Pays Basque* an *[[Béarn]]*; some ither naitionalist pairties ar EAJ, EA an Batasuna which hae a reduced, amaist seembolic presence, especially when compared tae the soothren Basque Kintra. Thir poleetical pairties historically receive fewer than 15% o the votes in the destrict elections.

In the 1980s an 1990s, a paramilitary group cawed Iparretarrak (*the northreners*) uised violence tae seek unthirldom; it haes been inactive in recent years.

On Januar 29, 1997, the aurie wis made an offeecial "pays" o Fraunce unner the name "Pays Basque", that is, a representative body promotin several activities, but athoot its awn budget.
Clan Ged

**Clan Ged** is a Scots clan. The clan daes no currently hae a chief recognised bi the Lord Lyon King of Arms an is considered an armigerous clan. Athoot a recognised chief the clan haes nae staundin unner Scots Law. In Scotland, the surname *[[Ged]]* an *[[Geddes (surname)|Geddes]]* mey be derived frae the place-name Geddes in Nairn. Anither possibility is that it is derived frae the Auld Inglis *gedda*, a nickname meanin pike. The coats o airms o *Ged* an *Geddes* contain three pike, referrin tae thair surnames. The Inglis wird for pike is *luce*, an several Norman families named *[[de Lucy]]* hae pike on thair coats o airms. Ane unsupportit possibility is that ane sic faimily moved tae Scotland an adoptit the surnames *Ged* or *Geddes*. An early record o the clan name is foond in the Privy Council, which records the respite grantit tae James Tweedie efter the murther o William Geddes in 1558.

The crest badge suitable for members o Clan Ged is derived frae the airms o Ged o that Ilk, which is recordit in the Lyon Register. The crest badge contains the crest *a pike's head Proper* an the motto *DURAT DITAT PLACET* (frae Latin: "it sustains, it enriches, it pleases"). The crest o a pike is a pun on the clan name. The uise o pike on the airms is an example o cantin airms, as a *[[ged (heraldry)|ged]]* is the heraldic term for a pike.

## See an aa
*Geddes (surname), fowk wi the surname *Geddes*
*Ged, things named *Ged*

## References
Clan Tweedie

**Tweedie** or **Tweedy** is a Scots clan name. The Clan Tweedie is a sept o the Clan Fraser, but is consithered an Armigerous clan. The name comes frae the launds o Tweedie, whilk wur alang the Valley o the River Tweed in Peebleshire in the Scots Borders.
Epica

**Epica** mey refer tae:
* Epica (baund), a Dutch symphonic metal baund.
* Epica (album), an album bi the power metal baund Kamelot.
* The European Project for Ice Coring in Antarctica.
* Epica (RAID series), a series o storage arrays developit bi Proware Technology Corporation.
* Daewoo Tosca, kent as Chevrolet Epica or Holden Epica forby.
* Daewoo Magnus, kent as Chevrolet Epica forby.
* Banksia Epica, a Sooth Australien native bush

## Forbye
*Epic (disambiguation)
Daewoo Tosca

The **Daewoo Tosca** is a mid-size caur biggit bi GM Daewoo in Sooth Korea an marketed warldwide bi General Motors (GM) as the **Chevrolet Epica**, **Chevrolet Tosca** an **Holden Epica**. Codenamed *V250*, it replaces the Daewoo Magnus an its derivatives. The Chevrolet Epica wis offeecially launched in Europe at the 2006 Geneva Motor Show. The Tosca is noteworthy in that it is available wi transversely-mounted straight-sax ingines. Contrary tae the precedin models (*V100* Leganza an *V200* Magnus), which war styled bi Giugiaro, the *V250* wis designed entirely in-hoose.

## Name
GM Daewoo's offeecial press releases says that *Tosca* is an acronym for *"Tomorrow Standard Caur"*.

## Pouertrains

Daewoo's *XK* straight-sax ingines war designed bi Porsche, an thay ar what distinguish the Tosca frae ither seemilar vehicles. The *V250* is a front-wheel drive caur an the ingines ar mounted transversely; this configuration requires the straight-sax ingine tae be vera compact an packed quite ticht. The Tosca wis launched wi twa versions o the straight-sax o different displacements: the 2.5&nbsp;litre, which wis carried ower frae the Magnus, an a 2.0&nbsp;litre, which replaces the Holden-soorced 2.0&nbsp;litre *[[GM Family II ingine#E-TEC II|E-TEC II]]* uised in the previous model. Syne 2006, a 1.8&nbsp;litre version o the *[[GM Family II ingine#D-TEC/E-TEC II|E-TEC II]]* ingine model is an aa available in the Sooth Korean mercat. This ingine is coupled tae aither a five-speed manual or fower-speed automatic transmission.

GM an aa annoonced that in early 2007 thir ingines will be jynt bi a 2.0&nbsp;litre *[[Leet o VM Motori ingines#RA 420 SOHC|RA 420 SOHC]]* straight-fower common rail turbodiesel, producin 112&nbsp;kilowatts (150&nbsp;hp) an 310&nbsp;newton metres (229&nbsp;ft·lbf) o torque. The ingine, co-developed bi GM Powertrain, GM Daewoo, an VM Motori, debuted in the Daewoo Winstorm, an wis the first diesel ingine uised in a Daewoo car. In early 2008, Daewoo launched an updatit version o Tosca wi a new sax-speed automatic transmission in Sooth Korea. Thare ar twa versions o sax-speed automatic transmission: *[[GM 6T40 transmission|GM 6T40]]* for the 2.0 an 2.5&nbsp;litre pertrol ingines an *[[GM 6T40 transmission|GM 6T45]]* for the 2.0&nbsp;litre diesel ingine. At the same time, Daewoo an aa revised rear portion o the caur, changin the rear combination lamp an rear bumper.

*(Source: )*

## References
Ferrari 458 Italia

The **Ferrari 458 Italia** is a mid-engined sports caur produced bi the Italian sports caur manufacturer Ferrari. The 458 Italia replaces the Ferrari F430.

The 458 Italia wis offeecially unveiled at the 2009 Frankfurt Motor Show on 15 September 2009, an costs aroond £170,000 (Base MSRP o $230,675 for US mercat).
Ferrari F430

The **Ferrari F430** is a sports caur producit bi the Italian automaker Ferrari frae 2004 tae 2009, as a successor tae the 360. It debuted at the 2004 Paris Motor Show.

## References
Ferrari 348

The **Ferrari 348** is a mid-ingined, rear wheel drive V8-pouered 2-seat sports caur bi Ferrari S.p.A., replacin the 328 in 1989 an continuin till 1995.

## Overview
The 348, badged 348 TB for the coupe (Berlinetta) an 348 TS (Speeder) for the targa versions, featurs a naturally aspirated 3.4 litre version o the quad-cam, 4-valve per cylinder V8 engine which wis oreeginally foond in the 288 GTO sports caur. Sicweys the model name, 3.4 litre 8 cylinder ingine. The ingine producit 300&nbsp;hp (224&nbsp;kW) at launch an sits longitudinally wi a transverse gearbox, lik the Mondial t wi which the 348 shares mony components. This wis a major switch for Ferrari, wi maist previous smaw Ferraris uisin a transverse engine wi langitudinal transmission. The transverse gearbox gie the model it's "T" on TS an TB.

Aw 348s wur shipped wi dual-computer engine management wi twin Bosch 2.5 Motronic ECU's, dooble-redundant Anti-Lock Braking seestems.

Likwise, aw 348s wur shipped wi on-buird self-diagnosing Air Conditioning an heating seestems.

U.S. 348s hae functioning on-buird OBDI engine management seestems, tho European variants need tae hae licht bulbs installed intae the dash tae activate this troubleshooting featur.

Similar tae the Testarossa but departing frae the BB 512 an 308/328, the ile an coolant radiators wur relocated frae the neb tae the sides, widening the waist o the caur substantially, but makin the cabin much easier tae cuil, syne hoses routing warm watter no langer ran underneath the cabin as in the aulder front-radiator caurs. This an aa haed the side effect o makin the doors very wide.

Aw Ferrari 348s uise racin "dry-sump" ile seestems tae prevent ile starvation at heich speeds an in haurd corners. The ile level can anly be checked (accurately) on the dip-stick when the motor is running due tae this setup.

Likwise, aw 348s hae suspensions independently adjustable for ride heicht, as well as a removable rear sub-frame tae speed up the removal o the engine for maintenance.

Late versions (1993 an beyond) hae Japanese made starter motors an power generators (tae improve reliability),as well as the battery locatit within the front left fender for better wecht distribution.

Nearly 9,000 348s war produced, an the car's straked side air intakes resemble those o the Testarossa. An aa, 57 "Challenge" models war made for owners who wanted a mair "track-ready" car.

This vehicle servit as a test mule for the Ferrari Enzo an aw. Three o thir wur made.

## Notes
Ferrari 328

The **Ferrari 328 GTB** an **GTS** wis the successor tae the Ferrari 308 GTB an GTS. While largely based on the 308 GTB an GTS respectively, small modifications war made tae the body style an engine, includin an increase in engine displacement tae 3.2&nbsp;L (3185&nbsp;cc).  7,400 Ferrari 328s war produced bi the time the model wis replaced bi the new 348 in 1989, bringin the tot for the 308/328 generation tae nearly 20,000. The 328 is considered bi some Ferrari enthusiasts tae be ane o the maist reliable Ferraris; unlik some models, maist engine maintenance can be performed wioot lifting the engine frae the vehicle.
Ferrari 125 S

The **Ferrari 125 S** (commonly **125** or **125 Sport**) wis the first vehicle produced an biggit bi automaker Ferrari o Modena, Italy. Awtho precedit bi Enzo Ferrari's Auto Avio Costruzioni 815 o 1940, the 125 S wis the first vehicle tae bear the Ferrari name when it debuted on Mey 11, 1947 at the Piacenza racin circuit. Lik the 815, it wis a racin sports caur, but unlik its Fiat-pouered 8-cylinder predecessor, the 125 S featurt a V12 ingine (the "125"), a trait it shared wi maist Ferrari caurs o the follaein decades. The 125 S wis replaced bi the 159 S for 1947.
Stampin' Ground

**Stampin' Ground** wis a groove metal/Hardcore baund frae Cheltenham, UK active frae 1995 tae 2006. The baund haed toured wi the likes o Anthrax, Chimaira, The Haunted, Agnostic Front, Sick of it All, Soulfly, Arch Enemy an played the main stage at Download Festival 2003.

## Members
*Adam Frakes-Sime (vocals) (1998-2006) (currently in Romeo Must Die)
*Scott Atkins (guitar) (1995-2006)
*Antony "Mobs" Mowbray (guitar) (1995-2006)
*Ben Frost (bass) (2003-2006) (currently in Romeo Must Die)
*Neil Hutton (drums) (2002-2006) (ex- Benediction (ex-Warlord UK)
*Ian Glasper (bass) (1995-2003) (currently in Suicide Watch)
*Adrian "Ade" Stokes (drums) (1995-2002) (currently in Suicide Watch)
*Heath Crosby (vocals) (1995-1997)
*Paul Catten (Vocals) (Demos Anly) (currently in The Sontarian Experiment)

## Discography
*Dawn Of Night 7* single (1996)
*Starved 7* single (1996)
*Stampin' Ground Mini-CD (1996)
*Demons Run Amok (1997)
*An Expression Of Repressed Violence (1998)
*The Darkside Versus the Eastside (Split Mini-CD wi Knuckledust) (1999)
*Carved Frae Empty Words (2000)
*Trapped In The Teeth Of Demons live 10" (leemitit edition picture disc) (2003)
*A New Darkness Upon Us (2003)
Karl Dönitz

**Karl Dönitz** (; 16 September 1891 &ndash; 24 December 1980) wis a Warld War II German Admiral an the fowert an last Preses o the German Reich. As Adolf Hitler's last will an testament that he wis appyntit tae, he acted up tae the reest an dismissal o his govrenment bi Allied forces on 23 Mey 1945 as heid o state o the German Reich an commander o the airmed forces.

## Summary o career
### Dates o rank
**[[Fähnrich zur See]]* (Warrant Officer): 15 Aprile 1911
**[[Leutnant zur See]]* (Ensign): 27 September 1913
**[[Oberleutnant zur See]]* (Sub-Lieutenant): 22 Mairch 1916
**[[Kapitänleutnant]]* (Lieutenant): 1 Januar 1921
**[[Korvettenkapitän]]* (Lieutenant Commander): 1 November 1928
**[[Fregattenkapitän]]* (Commander): 1 October 1933
**[[Kapitän zur See]]* (Captain): 1 October 1935
**[[Kommodore]]* (Commodore): 28 Januar 1939
**[[Konteradmiral]]* (Rear Admiral): 1 October 1939
**[[Vizeadmiral]]* (Vice Admiral): 1 September 1940
**[[Admiral]]* (Admiral): 14 Mairch 1942
**[[Großadmiral]]* (Grand Admiral): 30 Januar 1943

### Service history
*Cadet trainin on buird the ''Hertha'': Aprile 1910&ndash;Mairch 1911
*Naval schuil: Aprile 1911&ndash;September 1912
*Serrin on buird the ''Breslau'': October 1912&ndash;September 1916
*Airfield commander, San Stefano an Dardanelles: September&ndash;December 1916
*U-boat trainin: December 1916&ndash;Januar 1917
*Watch Officer, *[[Unterseeboot 39 (1915)|U-39]]*: Januar 1917&ndash;Februar 1918
*Commander, ''UC-25'': Mairch&ndash;September 1918
*Commander, ''UB-68'': September&ndash;October 1918
*In Breetish captivity on Maltae: October 1918&ndash;Julie 1919
*Staff o the Naval Station o the Baltic Sea: Julie 1919&ndash;Mairch 1920
*Commander, Torpedo Boat *V 5*: Mairch&ndash;Aprile 1920
*Commander, Torpedo Boats *T 157* an *G 8*: Aprile 1920&ndash;Mairch 1923
*Adviser an Adjutant, Inspection o Torpedo an Mine Affairs: Mairch 1923&ndash;November 1924
*Adviser, Naval Defence Department o the Naval Command: November 1924&ndash;October 1927
*Course an Information, SMS *Nymphe*: October&ndash;December 1927
*Navigations Officer, SMS *Nymphe*: December 1927&ndash;September 1928
*Commander, 4t Torpedo Boat Hauf Flotilla: September 1928&ndash;September 1930
*1st Admiral Staff Officer, Staff o the Naval Station o the North Sea: September 1930&ndash;September 1934
*Commander, ''Emden'': September 1934&ndash;September 1935
*Commander, *[[1. Unterseebootsflottille]]*: September 1935&ndash;October 1936
**[[Führer der U-Boote]]*: Januar 1936&ndash;October 1939
**[[Befehlshaber der U-Boote]]*: October 1939&ndash;Januar 1943
**[[Oberkommando der Marine|Oberbefehlshaber der Marine]]*: Januar 1943&ndash;Aprile 1945
*Wehrmacht Commander-in-Chief North: Aprile 1945
**[[Reichspräsident]]* an Supreme Commander o the Wehrmacht: Mey 1945
Ferrari 308 GTB/GTS

The **Ferrari 308 GTB** (an seemilar 208 an later 328) ar mid-engined sports caurs manufactured bi the Italian company Ferrari in the 1970s-1980s. Thay made up the lawer end o the company's range. The 308 replaced the Dino 246 in 1975 an wis updated as the 328 in 1985.
Ferrari F355

The **Ferrari F355** is a sports caur biggit bi Ferrari frae Mey 1994 tae 1999. It is a evolution o the Ferrari 348 an wis replaced bi the Ferrari 360. It is a mid-engined, rear wheel drive V8-pouered 2-seat coupe. Ane major difference atween the V8 in the 348 an that in the F355, apairt frae the displacement increase frae 3.4 tae 3.5&nbsp;L, is that the F355 features a 5-valve per-cylinder heid that is considerably mair powerful, producin 380&nbsp;hp.  The longitudinal 90° V8 engine wis bored 2mm ower the 348 tae achieve the modest increase in displacement, wi a 85mm bore, 77mm stroke an a tot displacement o 3495.50 cc, utilizing an 11:1 compression ratio. Ferrari employed the Bosch Motronic M2.7 in the 1995 model year, an switched tae the M5.2 in 1996 throu end o production, uisin electronic fuel injection, ignition control seestem wi a single spark plug per cylinder an a dry-sump ile lubrication seestem.

The frame is a steel monocoque wi tubular steel rear sub-frame wi front an rear suspensions uisin independent, unequal-lenth wishbones, coil springs ower gas-filled telescopic shock absorbers wi electronic control servos an anti-roll bars. Ferrari fittit aw road-goin F335 models wi Pirelli tires, size 225/40ZR 18 in front an 265/40 ZR 18 in the rear.

At launch, twa models wur available: the coupe **Berlinetta**, an the targa topped **GTS**. The **Spider** (convertible) version wis introducit in 1995. In 1997 the Formula Ane style paddle gear shift electrohydraulic manual transmission wis introducit wi the Ferrari 355 F1 (note the droppin o the F afore the 355) addin £6,000 tae the dealer askin price.

The nomenclatur daes no follae the formula frae the previous decades, ie. ingine capacity + cylinder nummer (eg. 246 = 2.4 litre + 6 cyl, 308 = 3.0 litre + 8 cyl, an same for the 328, 348, 512 etc). This time, Ferrari uised ingine capacity plus nummer o valves per cylinder, as thay wur proud tae boast aboot this technological advancement, ie 355 = 3.5 litre ingine capacity an 5 valves per cylinder. The F355 is mair common than ither Ferrari models wi 11,273 tot units producit.
Troja (baund)

**Troja** is an Kosovar Albanie hivy metal baund which wis foondit bi Bujar Berisha (vocals), Florent Bajrami (guitar), Violand Shabani (drums) an Agron Ejupi (bass) in 1990 in Pristina, the caipital o Kosovo.

## Baund history
The baund wis foondit in 1990. Afore thay recorded thair first album cried *People* the baund produced thair first sangs Ekzistenca (Existence) an Për Bekin (For Peki) at Enis Presheva studio. The recording stairtit in 1997 but the album wis sold 5 years later in 2003. In 2009 thay produced thair seicont studio album *Amaneti - I Clown It*. In the time frae 1991 tae 1997 the baund wis awardit for the best rock baund at Boom Festival in 1994. The video *People* wis awardit for the best Albanien rock video in 2003 an best camera direction. 2007 thay wur participants at "SubKultura Urbane", Live at Reception Room in Pristina, Kosovo. 2009 thay recordit a new video cried *Amaneti i Clown-it* which is awairdit for the best video at Tap Fest in Tirana, Albanie, an aa the winner o the Best video.

## Awards
* 1994 = Best Rock baund
* 2003 = Muisic video *People*: Best Albanian rock video an best camera direction
* 2009 = best Albanian rock video for *Amaneti*
* 1993 = Concert in theater - DODONA - 1993- Concert in Mitrovica 
* 1993 = Rock Fest - Peja 
* 1993 = Rock Fest - Skopje 
* 1994 = Boom Festival - 1st place ( nicht o the rock muisic ) 
* 1995 = Recording sangs - Ekzistenca -, - Për Bekin - Mitrovica -. 
* 1997 = Shaw Fest. 
* 1997 = ODA baund concert (Casablanca). 
* 1997 = Recording twa sangs in Peja. 
* 2002 = First Album recorded - PEOPLE -. 
* 2003 = First Video, sang cried wi the same name - PEOPLE -. 
* 2003 = Winner o the Best Camera - Muisic Video Awaird -Pristina. 
* 2003 = Winner o the best Directing on "Netët e Video Klipit Shqiptar - Tirana Albania. 
* 2004 = Participant on TOP FEST -Tirana - Albania with the song called " Jena Na". 
* 2006 = TROJA's big concert - wi 2500 fowk!. 
* 2007 = Video o the sang cried " Nuk Po Muj Ma ". 
* 2007 = Openin for the BTR baund frae Bulgary in Prizren. 
* 2007 = SubKultura Urbane, Live in Reception Room. 
* 2009 = New Album ( Amaneti I Clown-it & the Video ). 
* 2009 = TROJA - Amaneti i Clown-it "WINNER OF THE BEST VIDEO" - TOP FEST TIRANA - ALBANIA. 
* 2009 - TROJA - Amaneti i Clown-it " Winner of the Best Group, Best Rock & the Public Price, on Video Muisic Award in Pristina - Kosovo.

## Discography
### Albums
* *People* (full-length 2003)
* *Amaneti - I "Clown" It* (full-length 2009)

### Videos
* *Fowk* (2003)
* *Jena Na* (2006)
* *Nuk Po Muj Ma* (2007)
* *Amaneti i Clown-it* (2009)
* *Mbretnesha kohe* (2010)

## References


## Fremmit airtins
*  
* Troja muisic videos at YouTube
Soothren Basque Kintra

The **Soothren Basque Kintra** (Basque:*Hegoalde* or *Hego Euskal Herria*) is a term maist commonly uised in Basque tae refer tae the Basque territories that lie athin Spain as a whole. 

It does no exist as a poleetical unit but conceptually includes the three provinces o the Autonomous Basque Commonty - Biscay, Álava (plus the Condado de Treviño enclave) an Gipuzkoa - an Navarre.

The term "Spaingie Basque Kintra" can sometimes be encoontert tae refer tae this concept but is ambiguous as it mey or mey no include Navarre, whauras the Basque-derivit term "Soothren Basque Kintra" invariably includes Navarre an the Treviño enclave.
Volvo S40

The **Volvo S40** is a compact executive caur produced bi Volvo.  It introduced the first generation **S40** (**S**aloon) an **V40** (**V**ersatility/estate) compact executive caurs in 1995. The seicont generation arrived in 2004, where the new **[[Volvo V50|V50]]** station wagon replaced the V40.
Mercury Meteor

The **Mercury Meteor** wis a car model produced by the Lincoln Mercury division o the Ford Motor Company frae 1961 to 1963. For 1961, the name wis applied tae law end fou-size vehicles; for 1962 an 1963, the name wis applied to Mercury's mid-size sedans, in a mercatin attempt to appeal tae the excitement surroundin the Space Race, afore bein discontinued. Introduced while Mercury as a marque wis in flux, an never a solid mercatplace performer in consumer sales, the Meteor remains mair an "asterisk" than as a weel-kent Mercury product.
Ferrari 159 S

The **159 S** wis designed tae be the successor tae Ferrari's first vehicle, the 125.  Unlik its predecessor, which won sax o 14 races earlier in 1947, the 159 haed a short racin life an wis quickly convertit intae the 166 SC for the follaein racin saison.

Lik the 125, the 159 uised a steel tube-frame chassis wi langitudinal an cross members an haed a double wishbone suspension wi transverse leaf springs in front wi a live axle in the rear.  Housomeivver, Gioacchino Colombo's V12 ingine wis enlairged frae 1.5&nbsp;L (1497&nbsp;cc/91&nbsp;in³) in the 125 tae 1.9&nbsp;L (1903&nbsp;cc/116&nbsp;in³) for the 159.  This ingine produced 125&nbsp;hp (93&nbsp;kW) at 7,000&nbsp;rpm, retainin the three double-choke Weber 30DCF carburettors o its predecessor.  Baith caurs sportit five-speed manual transmissions an retained the Fiat tradeetion o mountin the ingine in-block wi the gearbox.

## Examples

Ane Ferrari 159 wis biggit 002C.  The auldest Ferrari caur still in existence wi an undisputit pedigree is a 166 Spyder Corsa nummer 002C, which wis oreeginally a 159 an is currently awned an driven bi James Glickenhaus.

## Racin

The 159 S debuted on August 15, 1947 at the Circuito di Pescara wi the company's driver, Franco Cortese.  Awtho it led oweraw for a time, the class-winnin 159 S eventually fell ahint the Stanguellini o Vincenzo Auricchio.  Lik the 125, the 159 S wis unable tae beat Maserati's 6CS 1500 for muckle o the rest o the 1947 saison.  Housomeivver, at the Turin Grand Prix on October 12, the caur wis able tae shine, wi French driver Raymond Sommer claimin oweraw victory in the single 159 S entered.
Juan Perón

**Juan Domingo Perón** (;), 8 October 1895 – 1 Julie 1974, wis an Argentine general an poleetician, electit three times as Preses o Argentinae, efter serving in several government positions, including the Secretar o Labor an the Vice Presidency. He wis owerthrown in a militar coup in 1955. He returned tae pouer in 1973 an servit for nine month, till his daith in 1974 when he wis succeedit bi his third wife, Isabel Martínez.

Perón an his seicont wife, Eva Duarte, war immensely popular among mony Argentinians, an to this day they ar still considered icons bi the Peronist Party. The Peróns' follaeers praised their efforts tae eliminate poverty an tae dignify labor, while their detractors considered thaim demagogues an dictators. The Peróns gave their name tae the poleetical muivement kent as peronismo, which in present-day Argentinae is represented mainly bi the Justicialist Pairty.