Velikoustyugsky Destrict

**Velikoustyugsky Destrict** () is a admeenistrative an municipal destrict (raion), ane o the twinty-sax in Vologda Oblast, Roushie. It is locatit in the northeast o the oblast an borders wi Kotlassky Destrict o Arkhangelsk Oblast in the north, Luzsky Destrict o Kirov Oblast in the east, Podosinovsky Destrict o Kirov Oblast in the sootheast, Kichmengsko-Gorodetsky Destrict in the sooth, Nyuksensky Destrict in the wast, an wi Ustyansky Destrict o Arkhangelsk Oblast in the northwast. The aurie o the destrict is . Its admeenistrative centre is the toun o Veliky Ustyug (which is no admeenistratively a pairt o the destrict). Population:  22,210 (2002 Census); 

## Geografie

In Veliky Ustyug, the Sukhona an Yug Rivers form the Northren Dvina, ane o the biggest rivers in Europe. Upstream frae the toun o Kotlas, an especially athin the limits o the destrict, the Northren Dvina is sometimes referred tae as the Little Northren Dvina. The Sukhona, the Yug, an the Northren Dvina split the destrict intae three roughly equal auries. The biggest tributar o the Yug athin the destrict is the Luza River. Minor auries in the wast o the destrict lee in the basin o the Kizema River, itsel in the basin o the Vaga. Some auries in the north o the destrict are in the basin o the Ustya River, a tributar o the Vaga. The whole destrict belangs tae the basin o the Northren Dvina.

Amaist the whole o the destrict is covered bi coniferous forests (taiga). The exception are the meadaes in the floodplains.

## History
The aurie wis oreeginally populatit bi the Finno-Ugric fowks an then colonisit bi the Vladimir-Suzdal Principality (in contrast tae the surroondin auries, which wur a pairt o the Novgorod Republic). Veliky Ustyug is ane o the auldest dounsets in the Roushie North an wis first mentioned in the chronicles in 1207. The Novgorod merchants uised the Sukhona River as ane o the main watterweys leadin tae the White Sea an the Pechora, an Veliky Ustyug wis the anerlie point on this watterwey no belangin tae Novgorod. In the 14t century, the aurie became a pairt o the Grand Duchy o Moscow.

In the course o the admeenistrative reform carriet oot in 1708 bi Peter the Great, the aurie wis includit intae Archangelgorod Govrenorate. Veliky Ustyug wis explicitly mentioned as ane o the twinty touns comprisin the govrenorate. Frae 1719, it wis the seat o Ustyug Province, ane o the fower provinces o Archangelgorod Govrenorate. In 1780, the govrenorate wis abolisht an transformit intae Vologda Viceryalty. The latter wis abolisht in 1796, an Veliky Ustyug became the seat o Velikoustyugsky Uyezd o Vologda Govrenorate. In 1918, the aurie wis transferred tae the newly establisht Northren Dvina Govrenorate wi the admeenistrative centre locatit in Veliky Ustyug. In 1924, the uyezds wur abolisht in favor o the new diveesions, the destricts (raions).

On 19 Juin 1924, Velikoustyugsky Destrict wis establisht. Ust-Alexeyevsky Destrict wi the admeenistrative centre o Ust-Alexeyevo wis establisht at the same time. On 27 Februar 1928, Ust-Alexeyevsky Destrict wis mergit intae Velikoustyugsky Destrict. In 1929, Northern Dvina Govrenorate wis mergit intae Northren Krai. The krai consistit o five okrugs, ane o which, Northren Dvina Okrug, haed its admeenistrative centre in Veliky Ustyug. In Julie 1930, the okrugs wur abolisht, an the destricts wur directly subordinatit tae Northren Krai. On 25 Januar 1935, Ust-Alexeyevsky Destrict wis re-establisht.

In 1936, Northren Krai wis transformit intae Northren Oblast, an in 1937, Northren Oblast itsel wis split intae Arkhangelsk Oblast an Vologda Oblast. Velikoustyugsky Destrict haes remained in Vologda Oblast iver syne. In 1959, Ust-Alexeyevsky Destrict wis mergit back intae Velikoustyugsky Destrict.

## Admeenistrative an municipal diveesions
Athin the framewirk o admeenistrative diveesions, Velikoustyugsky Destrict is ane o the twinty-sax in the oblast. The toun o Veliky Ustyug serves as its admeenistrative centre, despite bein incorporatit separately as a toun o oblast significance—a admeenistrative unit wi the status equal tae that o the destricts (an which, in addeetion tae Veliky Ustyug, includes the toun o Krasavino an the wirk dounset o Kuzino an aw). The destrict is dividit intae twinty selsoviets.

As a municipal diveesion, the destrict is incorporatit as **Velikoustyugsky Municipal Destrict** an is dividit intae three urban an nineteen landwart dounsets, wi the toun o oblast significance o Veliky Ustyug bein incorporatit athin the municipal destrict as Veliky Ustyug Urban Dounset. The toun o Krasavino an the urban-teep dounset o Kuzino are incorporatit athin the municipal destrict as urban dounsets—Krasavino Urban Dounset an Kuzino Urban Dounset an aw, correspondinly.

## Economie
The economie o the destrict is based on timber production. Fuid industrie is present, an tourism plays an important role.

### Transportation
A number o roads connect Veliky Ustyug wi ither touns. The road tae the north runs tae Krasavino an further tae Kotlas. The ane tae the sooth runs tae Nikolsk an further tae Manturovo, whaur it connects tae the road tae Kostroma. The road tae the soothwast connects Veliky Ustyug wi Vologda via Totma. Aw these roads are pavit. An unpavit road, oreeginatin frae Kuzino (which is connectit wi Veliky Ustyug bi a ferry crossin) runs tae Luza an continues tae Lalsk an further tae the Komi Republic.

The railwey connects Veliky Ustyug wi Yadrikha railwey station on the railwey connectin Konosha an Kotlas. Passenger service tae Veliky Ustyug wis discontinued in 2005. Twa mair railweys cross peripheral pairts o the destrict: ane connectin Konosha an Kotlas in the north (wast o Yadrikha) an anither ane connectin Kirov an Kotlas in the northeast.

The Sukhona, the Yug, an the Northren Dvina are aw navigable athin the limits o the destrict, but thare is nae passenger navigation except for a nummer o ferry crossins.

Veliky Ustyug is servit bi the Veliky Ustyug Airport. Thare are nae scheduled passenger flichts.

## Cultur an recreation

The destrict contains ane object classifee'd as cultural an historical heritage bi the Roushie Federal law, an addeetionally forty-ane objects classifee'd as cultural an historical heritage o local importance. Maist o these are firthen ferms an kirks built prior tae 1917. These nummers dae no include the protectit monuments in Veliky Ustyug.

The anerlie object protectit at the federal level is the airchaeological monument "Palemsky Gorodok".

Troitse-Gledensky Monastery in the veelage o Morozovitsa, close tae the confluence o the Sukhona an the Yug, is locatit in the destrict.

Syne the 1990s, Veliky Ustyug haes been mercatit as the residence o Ded Moroz, a fictional character similar tae Santa Claus. The residence, which is a major tourist attraction, is actually locatit ootside o the toun, on the territory o Velikoustyugsky Destrict.

## References
### Notes

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