1 Julie

The **1st o Julie** is the 182nt day o the year (183rd in lowp years) in the Gregorian Calendar, wi 183 days ti come.

## Events

*1502 &ndash; A hurricane sinks 20 ships aff the Caribbean island o Hispaniola.
*1770 &ndash; Lexell's Comet passed closer tae the Yird than ony ither comet in recordit history, approachin tae a distance o 0.0146 a.u.
*1863 &ndash; American Ceevil War: The Battle o Gettysburg stairts.
*1863 &ndash; The Netherlands abolish slavery.
*1867 &ndash; The Canadian Confederation is creatit.
*1904 &ndash; The 1904 Simmer Olympics in St. Louis, Missouri, stairt.
*1908 &ndash; SOS is adoptit as an internaitional distress signal.
*1916 &ndash; Warld War I: Stairt o the Battle o the Somme.
*1921 &ndash; The Communist Pairty o Cheenae is foondit.
*1923 &ndash; Canadae introduces the "Cheenese Exclusion Act"; it is repealed in 1947.
*1937 &ndash; The Unitit Kinrick's 999 emergency caw seestem comes intae force.
*1943 &ndash; Tokyo Ceety merges wi the Prefectur o Tokyo.
*1960 &ndash; Unthirldom o Somalie.
*1960 &ndash; Ghana becomes a Republic an Kwame Nkrumah becomes its first Preses as Queen Elizabeth II ceases tae be its Heid o state.
*1962 &ndash; Unthirldom o Rwanda.
*1962 &ndash; Unthirldom o Burundi.
*1969 &ndash; The investiture o Charles, Prince o Wales taks place at Caernarfon Castle.
*1969 &ndash; Gustav Heinemann becomes Preses o Wast Germany.
*1974 &ndash; Walter Scheel becomes Preses o Wast Germany.
*1976 &ndash; Portugal gies autonomy tae Madeira.
*1977 &ndash; Virginia Wade becomes the maist recent Breetish wumman tae win a singles teetle at the Wimbledon Championships.
*1979 &ndash; Karl Carstens becomes Preses o Wast Germany.
*1984 &ndash; Richard von Weizsaecker becomes Preses o Germany.
*1984 &ndash; Weemen in Liechtenstein get the richt tae vote.
*1990 &ndash; A monetar union o Wast Germany an East Germany enters intae force.
*1991 &ndash; The Warsaw Pact is offeecially dissolved at a meetin in Prague.
*1994 &ndash; Roman Herzog becomes Preses o Germany.
*1997 &ndash; Cheenae resumes sovereignty ower the ceety-state o Hong Kong, endin 156 year o Breetish colonial rule.
*1999 &ndash; The new Scots Pairlament is offeecially opened.
*1999 &ndash; Johannes Rau becomes Preses o Germany.
*2000 &ndash; The Oresund Brig, linkin Swaden an Denmark, is offeecially opened.
*2002 &ndash; A Roushie passenger plane an a German DHL cargo plane collide ower Ueberlingen, Loch Constance, Soothren Germany, killin 71 fowk. 
*2004 &ndash; Horst Köhler becomes Preses o Germany.
*2004 &ndash; The Cassini-Huygens probe goes intae the orbit o Saturn.
*2012 &ndash; Spain wins UEFA Euro 2012, defeatin Italy 4-0 in the final in Kiev.
*2013 &ndash; Croatie jyns the European Union, as its 28t member.
*2016 &ndash; A re-run is declared for the Austrick preses election 2016 atween Alexander Van der Bellen an Norbert Hofer.
*2016 &ndash; UEFA Euro 2016: Wales advance tae the semi-feenals efter a 3-1 win ower Belgium.
*2018 &ndash; Andrés Manuel López Obrador is electit Preses o Mexico.
*2019 &ndash; Then-15-year-auld debutant Coco Gauff defeats Venus Williams in the openin roond o the weemen's singles at the Wimbledon Championships.
*2020 &ndash; The Fowkrepublic o Cheenae's new security law, which gies it increasit pouers in Hong Kong, enters intae force.
*2020 &ndash; Voters in Roushie approve several constitutional chynges in a referendum; amang thaim is a chynge that could permit Vladimir Putin tae remain Preses tae 2036.

## Births

*1481 &ndash; Christian II o Denmark (d. 1559)
*1534 &ndash; Frederick II o Denmark (d. 1583)
*1646 &ndash; Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, German mathematician (d. 1716)
*1804 &ndash; George Sand, French writer (d. 1876)
*1818 &ndash; Ignaz Semmelweis, Hungarian medicinar (d. 1865)
*1899 &ndash; Charles Laughton, Inglis actor an director (d. 1962)
*1902 &ndash; William Wyler, American film director, producer an screenwriter (d. 1981)
*1903 &ndash; Amy Johnson, Breetish pilot (d. 1941)
*1906 &ndash; Peter Ritchie Calder, Scots author, jurnalist an academic (d. 1982)
*1916 &ndash; Olivia de Havilland, Breetish-American actress (d. 2020)
*1921 &ndash; Seretse Khama, 1st Preses o Botswana (d. 1980)
*1929 &ndash; Gerald Edelman, American biologist (d. 2014)
*1934 &ndash; Sydney Pollack, American actor an director (d. 2008)
*1940 &ndash; Craig Brown, Scots fitbawer an manager
*1945 &ndash; Debbie Harry, American sangster
*1952 &ndash; Dan Aykroyd, Canadian-American actor an enterteener
*1955 &ndash; Li Keqiang, Cheenese politeecian, 7t Premier o the Fowkrepublic o Cheenae
*1957 &ndash; Graeme Sinclair, Scots fitbawer
*1961 &ndash; Diana, Princess o Wales (d. 1997)
*1961 &ndash; Carl Lewis, American athlete
*1967 &ndash; Pamela Anderson, Canadian-American actress an telly personality
*1976 &ndash; Ruud van Nistelrooy, Dutch fitbawer
*1977 &ndash; Liv Tyler, American actress
*1989 &ndash; Daniel Ricciardo, Australie racin driver
*1996 &ndash; Adelina Sotnikova, Roushie feegur skeitcher

## Daiths

*1591 &ndash; William Douglas, 9t Yerl o Angus, Scots nobleman (b. 1533)
*1736 &ndash; Ahmed III, Ottoman Sultan (b. 1673)
*1787 &ndash; Charles de Rohan, Prince o Soubise, French nobleman an general (b. 1715)
*1790 &ndash; William Roy, Scots militar ingineer, surveyor an antiquarian (b. 1726)
*1824 &ndash; Lachlan Macquarie, Scots Govrenor o New Sooth Wales (b. 1762)
*1831 &ndash; Archibald Cochrane, 9t Yerl o Dundonal, Scots nobleman an inventor (b. 1748)
*1839 &ndash; Mahmud II, Ottoman Sultan (b. 1785)
*1846 &ndash; Pape Gregory XVI (b. 1765)
*1876 &ndash; Mikhail Bakunin, Roushie anarchist an social revolutionary (b. 1804)
*1896 &ndash; Harriet Beecher Stowe, American writer (b. 1811)
*1925 &ndash; Erik Satie, French componer (b. 1866)
*1971 &ndash; William Lawrence Bragg, Breetish pheesicist (b. 1890)
*1974 &ndash; Juan Perón, Argentine militar afficer an politeecian, Preses o Argentinae (b. 1895)
*1983 &ndash; Buckminster Fuller, American airchitect an philosopher, designed the Montreal Biosphère (b. 1903)
*1997 &ndash; Robert Mitchum, American actor (b. 1917)
*2001 &ndash; Nikolay Basov, Roushie pheesicist (b. 1922)
*2006 &ndash; Ryutaro Hashimoto, Prime meenister o Japan (b. 1937)
*2009 &ndash; Karl Malden, American actor (b. 1912)
*2011 &ndash; Willie Fernie, Scots fitbawer (b. 1928)
*2015 &ndash; Nicholas Winton, Inglis humanitarian (b. 1909)

## Halidays

* Canadae Day (umwhile Dominion Day) in Canadae
* Independence Day (Burundi, Rwanda, Somalie)
* Keti Koti (Suriname)
* Madeira Day
* Republic Day (Ghana)
* Doctors' Day (Indie)
* Julie Mornin (Bulgarie)