Addis Ababa

**Addis Ababa** (whiles spelled **Addis Abeba**, the spellin uised bi the offeecial Ethiopian Mapping Authority) is the caipital ceety o Ethiopie. (In Ethiopian leids: Amharic, *Addis Abäba*  "new flouer"; Oromo, *Finfinne*; Ge'ez ኣዲስ ኣበባ) It is the lairgest ceety in Ethiopiee, wi a population o 3,384,569 accordin tae the 2007 population census.

As a chairtered ceety (*ras gez astedader*), Addis Ababa haes the status o baith a ceety an a state. It is whaur the African Union an its predecessor the OAU are based. Addis Ababa is therefore aften referred tae as "the poleetical caipital o Africae", due tae its historical, diplomatic an poleetical significance for the continent. The ceety is populatit bi fowk frae different regions o Ethiopie – the kintra haes as mony as 80 naitionalities speakin 80 leids an belangin tae a wide variety o releegious communities. It is hame tae Addis Ababa University. The Federation o African Societies o Chemistry (FASC) an Horn o Africae Press Institute (HAPI) are an aa heidquartered in Addis Ababa.

## History

The site o Addis Ababa wis chosen bi Empress Taytu Betul an the ceety wis foondit in 1886 bi her husband, Emperor Menelik II. The name o the ceety (ኣዲስ ኣበባ) wis taken frae pairts o the ceety cawed *hora Finfinnee* ("hot springs") in Oromo. Anither Oromo name o the ceety is Sheger. Menelik, as initially a Keeng o the Shewa province, haed foond Munt Entoto a uiseful base for military operations in the sooth o his realm, an in 1879 visitit the reputit ruins o a medieval toun, an an unfinished rock kirk that showed proof o an Ethiopian presence in the aurie prior tae the campaigns o Ahmad Gragn. His interest in the aurie grew when his wife Taytu began wirk on a kirk on Entoto, an Menelik endoued a seicont kirk in the aurie.

Housomeivver the immediate aurie did no encourage the foonding o a toun due tae the lack o firewood an water, sae dounset actually began in the valley sooth o the muntain in 1886.  Initially, Taytu biggit a hoose for hersel near the "Filwoha" het mineral springs, whaur she an members o the Showan Ryal Court liked tae tak mineral baths.  Ither nobility an thair staffs an hoosehaulds settled the vicinity, an Menelik expandit his wife's hoose tae acome the Imperial Palace which remains the seat o govrenment in Addis Ababa the day.  The name chynged tae Addis Ababa an became Ethiopie's caipital when Menelik II became Emperor o Ethiopie. The toun grew bi leaps an boonds. Ane o Emperor Menelik's contreibutions that is still visible the day is the plantin o numerous eucalyptus trees alang the ceety streets.

On 5 Mey 1936, Italian troops invadit Addis Ababa durin the Seicont Italo-Abyssinian War, makin it the caipital o Italian East Africae frae 1936 tae 1941 efter killin aboot a million Ethiopians wi mustard gas. Efter the Italian airmy in Ethiopie wis defeatit bi the Breetish forces durin the East African Campaign, Emperor Haile Selassie returned tae Addis Ababa on 5 Mey 1941—five years tae the vera day efter he haed depairtit—an immediately began the wirk o re-establishin his caipital.

Emperor Haile Selassie helped form the Organization o African Unity in 1963, an invitit the new organisation tae keep its heidquarters in the ceety. The OAU wis dissolved in 2002 an replaced bi the African Union (AU), an aa heidquartered in Addis Ababa. The Unitit Naitions Economic Commission for Africae an aa haes its heidquarters in Addis Ababa. Addis Ababa wis an aa the site o the Cooncil o the Oriental Orthodox Kirks in 1965.

Ethiopia haes aften been cawed the oreeginal hame o mankind due tae various humanoid fossil discoveries lik the Australopithecine Lucy. North eastren Africae, an the Afar region in parteecular wis the central focus o thir claims till recent DNA evidence suggestit oreegins in sooth central Ethiopian regions lik present-day Addis Ababa. Efter analysin the DNA o amaist 1,000 fowk aroond the warld, geneticists an ither scientists claimed fowk spread frae wha is nou Addis Ababa 100,000 years ago. The research indicatit that genetic diversity declines steadily the farther ane's ancestors traveled frae Addis Ababa, Ethiopie.

## Sister ceeties

## References