open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Swaden–Turkey relations

**Swadish–Turkis relations** are foreign relations atween **[[Swaden]]** an **[[Turkey]]**.

Swaden haes an embassy in Ankara an a consulate–general in Istanbul. Turkey haes an embassy in Stockholm.

## History
Baith kintras are full members o  the Cooncil o Europe, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation an Development (OECD), the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE) an the Union for the Mediterranean.

Swaden, which teuk ower the rotatin presidency o the Presidency o the Cooncil o the European Union in Julie 2009, supports Turkey's European Union membership. Swaden's Green Pairty haes criticized Fraunce an Germany's opposition tae Turkey's membership.

## Diyanet controlled mosques in Sweden

According tae Dagens Nyheter in 2017, nine mosques in Sweden hae imams sent an paid for bi the Turkis Directorate o Releegious Affairs (Diyanet). Alang wi thair releegious duties, the imams are awso tasked wi reportin on critics o the Turkis govrenment. According tae Dagens Nyheter, propaganda for preses Erdogan is openly presentit in the mosques.

## Armenie Genocide dispute

On 12 Juin 2008, the Riksdag refused tae refer tae the 1915 events o the Armenie Genocide as actual genocide. Houaniver, on 11 Mairch 2010, the Riksdag eventually votit for a resolution recognisin the Armenie Genocide.

Thare wis a majority o an vote, wi a tot o 131 in favour, 130 against, an 88 absent. Turkey promptly recalled its ambassador tae Swaden an cancelled talks that wur intendit tae happen atween the twa kintras on Mairch 17, 2010.

Turkis Prime Meenister Recep Tayyip Erdoğan respondit bi issuing a statement saying "We strongly condemn this resolution, which is made for political calculations. It disnae correspond tae the close friendship o oor twa naitions". Turkey's ambassador tae Swaden Zergun Koruturk said on *[[Aktuellt]]* that thare waud be "drastic effects" o a long-term nature on relations atween the twa kintras, saying "I am very disappointit. Unfortunately, pariliamentarians were thinking that they wur rather historians than pariliamentarians, an it's very, very unfortunate". Swadish Foreign Meenistrr Carl Bildt blogged frae Copenhagen that he "regrettit" the ootcome o the vote.

## References

## Freemit airtins
* Turkish Ministry of Foreign Affairs about relations with Sweden
* Turkish embassies in Sweden 
* Swedish embassy in Ankara
Poland–Turkey relations

**Pols–Turkis relations** are foreign relations atween Poland an Turkey. Poland haes an embassy in Ankara, an a general consulate in Istanbul. Turkey haes an embassy in Warsaw.  Baith kintras are full members o NATO an the Union for the Mediterranean. 

Pols-Turkis relations wur historically strang, the offeecial relations wur established in the 15th century. The Ottoman Empire, alang wi Persie, wis the anelie major kintra in the warld which did nae recognise the Pairteetions o Poland. In the 19th century many Pols veterans o the November Uprisin, Januar Uprising an Crimean War arrived in Turkey. Many Pols officers, like Michał Czajkowski, served in the Ottoman Airmy. Pols general Marian Langiewicz spent the last years o his life in Turkey, focht in the Ottoman Airmy an died in Istanbul, where he is buried at the Haydarpaşa Seemetry. Pols naitiojal poet Adam Mickiewicz spent the last months o his life in Istanbul an died there. The hoose where he lived wis later transformed intae the Adam Mickiewicz Museum.

Thaee is awso the Pols veelage o Polonezköy (Adampol) in Turkey. It lies on the Anatolie side o Istanbul an wis settled in 1842 bi Pols veterans o the November Uprising. In the 19th and 20th centuries further Pols settlers arrived. As o 2009 thare is still a Pols minority in the veelage. 

Famous Turks wi pairtial Pols ancestry include the poet and playwright Nâzım Hikmet, and the soprano opera singer Leyla Gencer.

## Recent relations

Awthou Turkey an Poland enjoy good relations, syne the latter o 20th century, relationship atween the twa sometimes goes tense. Poland wis ane o the main kintras that condemned Turkis invasion o Cyprus an haes affirmed its stance for a unitit Cyprus. Mairower, in 2005, Poland haed offeecially recognised the Armenie Genocide, forcing Turkey tae withdraw its ambassador for a month an made thair relationship a bit sour.

In recent years, due tae Recep Tayyip Erdoğan's authoritarian reign an his growing tie wi Roushie, relations hae deterioratit. Poland haes viewed Roushie as a threat on naitional sovereignty an haes been very critical o Roushie meddling in foreign affairs. Mairower, due tae Turkey's S-400 deal wi Roushie, wi baith Turkey an Poland being NATO members, it haes caused further strain on Pols–Turkis relations.

## References

## Freemit airtins
* Polish embassy in Ankara
* Turkish embassy in Warsaw 
* Turkish Ministry of Foreign Affairs about relations with Poland
*Polish–Turkish Relations: A Social–Political Analysis (MA thesis, Vienna University, written by Antonina Tausch)
Italy–Turkey relations

**Italy-Turkey relations** refer tae relations atween Italy an Turkey. Baith kintras are members o NATO an the Union for the Mediterranean an have active diplomatic relations.

## History

Turkey, then the Ottoman Empire, begun its first diplomatic mission tae Italy in 1856, shortly afore the establishment o the Kingdom of Italy, by sending Ambassador Rüstem Pasha. Since then, Turkey has had a constant presence in Italy throughout both their embassy in Rome and their consulates in Milan and Naples.

Italy's presence in Turkey nou conseest o an embassy in Ankara, a General Consulate in İstanbul, an a consulate in İzmir, taegither wi honorary consulates in Antalya, Bursa, Gaziantep, İskenderun, and Nevşehir, an a Consular Correspondent in Eskişehir.

Italian Foreign Meenister Luigi Di Maio condemned the 2019 Turkis offencive intae north-eastren Sirie, declarin that the offensive against Kurdish forces in Sirie is "unacceptable" an calling for an immediate end tae the fechtin. Italy jyned an airms embargo against Turkey, despite previously bein Turkey's primary EU wappens supplier.

## Intercultural influences

### Italian culture in Turkey
Istanbul is hame tae ane o the Italian Cultural Institutes opened throuoot the warld bi the Italian Meenistry o Foreign Affairs. The Institute, amang ither cultural activities, offers Italian leid coorses, awso offered bi a number o Turkis varsities, sic as Ankara Varsity an Istanbul Varsity.

İzmir an Ankara are hosts tae, respectively, the Italian Culture Center "Carlo Goldoni" an the Italian Friendship Association "Casa Italia". Baith o these associations engage in the organisation o events promotin Italian culture an o coorses teaching the Italian leid.

A nummer of Italian schuils are present in Turkey, wi the great majority o thaim bein locatit in Istanbul. Italian schuils in Turkey include kindergartens, elementary, middle, an heich schuils.

## Immigration
It is estimatit that thaee are 30,000 tae 40,000 Turks residing in Italy.

## References


## Freemit airtins
* Website of the Embassy of the Republic of Italy in Turkey
* Website of the Italian Culture Center in İzmir
* Website of the Italian Institute of Culture in İstanbul
* Website of the Embassy of the Republic of Turkey in Italy
Finland–Turkey relations

**Finland–Turkey relations** are foreign relations atween Finland an Turkey. Turkey recognised the unthirldom o Finland on Februar 21, 1918. Diplomatic relations atween thaim were established on Mey 20, 1920. Finland haes an embassy in Ankara an an honorar consulate general in Istanbul an ither honorar consulates in Belek, Bodrum an Izmir. Turkey haes an embassy in Helsinki.

## Freemit airtins
*  Embassy of Turkey in Helsinki (in Turkish and English) 
*  Turkey's Ministry of Foreign Affairs about political, economical and commercial relations with Finland
*  Ministry for Foreign Affairs of Finland about relations with Turkey 
*  Embassy of Finland in Ankara
2040s

The **2040s** (pronouncit "twenty-forties") is a decade o the Gregorian calendar thon will begin on 1 Januar  2040, and will end on 31 December 2049.

## Notable predictions an kent events

* Possible mannit mission bi nasa tae jupiter's moon, callisto.
*

### 2042

* Accordin tae the unitit states census bureau, U.S. residents wha identify themselves as bein Hispanic or Latino, African American, Asian, Paceefic islander an Native American will collectively ootnummer fowk that identify as bein white o non-Hispanic origin.

### 2045

* August 12: a total solar eclipse will tak place i the unitit states, producin a path from californie tae florida. Some parts o florida are predictit tae experience totality for six minutes, the longest i us history.
* Ray kurzweil i *[[the singularity is near]]* places the emergence o the technological singularity i 2045.

### 2047

* Julie 1: hong kong's special administrative status ends. Accordin tae chapter A, article 5 o hong kong's basic law, "the socialist system an policies shall no be practisit i the hong kong special administrative region, an the previous capitalist system an way o life shall remain unchangit for 50 years." the basic law wis adoptit i 1997; thae 50 year come tae an end i 2047.

### 2049

* December 20: Macau's special administrative status ends, similarly to Hong Kong's situation.

## Refrences
2021

**2021** (mmxxi) will be a common year startin on friday o the gregorian calendar, the 2021st year o the common era (ce) an anno domini (ad) designations, the 21st year o the 3rd millennium, the 21st year o the 21st century, an the 2nd year o the 2020s decade.

## Predictit an schedulit events

### Schedulit

*Mairch 30 – the james webb space telescope is schedulit tae be launchit after bein delayit several times.
*Mey 26 – The shortest total lunar eclipse o the 21st century is expectit tae occur, lastin juist 14 minutes an 30 seconds long.
*Julie 11 – August 1 – The European Association Footbal tournament o female national teams, UEFA Women's Euro 2021, will tak place i Ingland.
*October 23 – november 27 – the 2021 rugby league world cup will tak place i Ingland.
*October 24 – Federal election i Germany.

### Date unkent

* The 2021 Scots Pairlament election will tak place in Mey
* I the unitit states amtrak's avelia liberty trains are expectit tae enter service i 2021.
* Plannit openin o the dubai creek tower (827m). It will become the world's tallest tower.
*Indie hopes tae conduct its first human spaceflicht i 2021.

## Refrences
Ganger crossin

A **ganger crossin** or **pedestrian crossin** is a merkit aurie fur gangers to cross a gate. Pelican crossins are designt tae keep gangers thegither whaur thay can be seen by motorists, an whaur thay can cross maist saufly endlang the flowe o vehicular traffeck.

Merkit ganger crossins are aften fuindit at infaws, bit can be at ither pynts alang busy gates whaur hit woud itherweys be unsauf tae cross an aw. Thay are pit in auries whaur muckle nummers o gangers try tae cross gates, or whaur schuil bairns or auld fowk uisually try tae cross forby.
Wikimedia muivement

The **Wikimedia muivement**, or simply **Wikimedia**, is the global commonty o contributors tae Wikimedia Foondation projects. The muivement wis creatit aroond Wikipaedia's commonty, an haes syne expandit tae the ither Wikimedia projects, includin the commons projects Wikimedia Commons an Wikidata, an volunteer software developers contributin tae MediaWiki. These volunteers are supportit bi numerous organizations aroond the warld, includin the Wikimedia Foondation, related chapters, thematic organizations, an uiser groups.

The name "Wikimedia", a compoond o wiki an media, wis coined bi American author Sheldon Rampton in a post tae the Inglis mailin leet in Mairch 2003, three month efter Wiktionary became the seicont wiki-based project hostit on Jimmy Wales' platform, an three month afore the Wikimedia Foondation wis annooncit an incorporatit. "Wikimedia" mey an aw refer tae the Wikimedia projects.

## References

## Freemit airtins
* [//www.wikimedia.org Wikimedia home page]
* Wikimedia movement structure description @ Meta-Wiki
Belgium–Turkey relations

**Belgian–Turkis relations** are foreign relations atween Belgium an Turkey. Belgium haes an embassy in Ankara, a consulate–general in Istanbul an twa consulates in Antalya an İzmir. Turkey haes an embassy in Brussels an a consulate–general in Antwerp.

## History
Relations atween the twa countries stairtit in 1837 wi the recognition o independent Belgium bi the Ottoman Empire. Diplomatic relations wur established in 1848.

## Poleetical relations
Turkey an Belgium are baith members o the Cooncil o Europe, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE), the World Trade Organization (WTO) an the Union for the Mediterranean. An aw Belgium is a European Union member an Turkey is a candidate.

The approximately 230,000 Turkis citizens livin in Belgium consteetute an important aspect in Turkey's relations w Belgium. Thay come predominantly frae the Emirdağ district, locatit in Afyonkarahisar, Turkey.

In Mairch 2019, the Turkis foreign meenistry summoned the Belgian ambassador, Michel Malherbe, an relayed Turkey’s unease efter a Belgian coort blockit the prosecution o some 30 fowk wi alleged links tae the Kurdistan Wirkers’ Pairty (PKK).

Belgium condemned the 2019 Turkis offencive intae north-eastren Sirie an called on Turkey tae halt it immediately. The Belgian govrenment later decidit tae implement an airms embargo against Turkey.

## Economic relations
Trade volume atween Turkey an Belgium haes increased remerkably ower the years an reached € 3 billion. In 2006, Belgian exports tae Turkey increased by 9,4% (€ 1,88 billion), whereas Turkis exports tae Belgium increased 6,8% (€ 1,06 billion) comparing to 2005. Belgium is the seventeenth lairgesr trade partner o Turkey.

The Turkis–Belgian Business Cooncil, an organisations wi seemilar aims, give priority tae promotin commercial linkages. This Cooncil wis established in 1990. Small and medium size businesses play an important role in the economies of Turkey and Belgium.

Thare are mair nor 200 Belgian firms operatin in Turkey. The value o Belgian investments in Turkey is aroond € 300 million. On the ither haund, the investment o Turkish companies in Belgium haes exceeded € 1 billion.

In 2008, mair nor 583,409 Belgian tourists veesitit Turkey.

## Visits

## References

## Freemit airtins
* Embassy of Turkey in Brussels 
* Consulate–General of Turkey in Antwerp 
* Embassy of Belgium in Turkey
* Diplomatic missions of Belgium in Turkey
* Diplomatic missions of Turkey in Belgium
Croatie–Turkey relations

**Croatie–Turkis relations** () are foreign relations atween Croatie an Turkey. Croatie haes an embassy in Ankara an twa consulates-general in Istanbul and İzmir. Turkey has an embassy in Zagreb.

## History
Relations atween the twa kintras stairtit in 1991 wi the recognition o independent Croatie bi Turkey.  Diplomatic relations wur established in 1992.

## Poleetical relations
Croatie an Turkey are baith members o the Cooncil o Europe, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE), the World Trade Organization (WTO) an the Union for the Mediterranean. An aw baith hae been EU candidates syne 2005 tae 2013, when Croatie jyned the EU as the 28th member prior tae Turkey.

Thare are approximately 300 Turks in Croatia.

## Economic relations
Trade volume atween Turkey an Croatie wis $273.4 million in 2006.

In 2006, mair nor 22,300 Croatie tourists veesitit Turkey.

## References

## Freemit airtins

* Turkey´s Political Relations with Croatia / Rep. of Turkey Ministry of Foreign Affairs
Swisserland–Turkey relations

**Swiss–Turkis relations** are foreign relations atween Swisserland an Turkey. Swisserland haes an embassy in Ankara an a consulate-general in Istanbul. Turkey haes an embassy in Bern and consulates-general in Zürich and Geneva. Baith kintras are full members o the Cooncil o Europe, the OECD, the OSCE an the WTO.

## Demographics
Approximately 130,000 immigrants frae Turkey live in Swisserland, mony o thaim Turkis Kurds.

## Espionage
In Mairch 2017, the Swiss Office o the Attorney General launched an investigation intae possible surveillance o the Turkis community in Swisserland. Those suspectit o conductin the espionage reportitly wirked at the Turkis embassy in Bern. The suspects reportitly monitored pairteecipants o a poleetical protest at the Varsity o Zurich an attemptit tae kidnap in 2016 a Swiss-Turkis businessman linked tae the Gülen movement in Zürich. Turkish Ambassador Ilhan Saygili denied the allegations.

## References

## Freemit airtins
* Swiss embassy in Ankara
* Turkish embassy in Bern 
* Turkish Ministry of Foreign Affairs about relations with Switzerland
Amoc

**Amoc** (**Mikkâl Antti Morottaja**) is a rapper frae Finland. He sings in the inarisámi leid, a leid wi juist 300-400 spikkers an bytimes wi the Finnish leid. He is the anely inarisámi rapper.
He wis born in 1984.

## Soorces
Joe Davis

**Joe Davis**  (15 Apryle 1901 – 10 Julie 1978) wis an Inglis professional snooker an Inglis billiards player. He wis the dominant figure in snooker frae the 1920s tae the 1950s. He won the first 15 Warld Championships frae 1927 tae 1946.

Efter his 1946 veectory he no langer played in the Warld Championship but continued tae play in ither toornaments an exhibition matches until 1964. He wis Warld Billiards Champion fower times atween 1928 an 1932.

### Career finals

#### Snooker warld championship finals

#### Other snooker tournament wins
*Daily Mail Gold Cup – 1936, 1937, 1938
*Sunday Empire News Tournament – 1949
*''News of the Warld'' Tournament – 1950, 1953, 1956, 1960
*Sporting Record Masters' Tournament – 1950

#### Billiards warld championship finals

## References

## Bibliography

* Davis, Joe (1929) [First published 1928]. Billiards Up-Tae-Date. John Lang. ASIN B0008BPL3M.
* Davis, Joe (1946) [First published 1936]. Improve Your Snooker. Lunnon: Methuen Publishing. ASIN B000WVCH8A.
* Davis, Joe (1954). Advanced Snooker. Country Life. ASIN B0000CJ1MO.
* Davis, Joe (1956). How I Play Snooker. Country Life. ASIN B0000CJK63.
* Davis, Joe (1974). Complete Snooker. W. H. Allen. ISBN 0-491-01521-6.
* Davis, Joe (1976). The braks Came My Way – Autobiography. W. H. Allen. ISBN 0-491-01686-7. Retrieved 9 September 2009.
Telekinesis

**Telekinesis**  (fae Greek τηλε- "faur aff" an κίνηση "muivement") or **psychokinesis** (fae ψυχή "saul" an κίνησις "muivement") is a leesome psychic docht proponed tae lat a body deir upan or airt thair heft, or objecks or beins athin thair heft, athoot physical titch. 

Oothro the bygane til the meantime, sinthery baans o fowk wha hae ettled tae pruive telekinesis hae been mote fur an inlaik o siccar guidin in thair pratticks, an siclyke pratticks aft fa sinthery whan screent bi owersmen. Presentlie, at telekenesis is a suith docht ava haes niver been pit in pruif. Hit is misregairdit as pseudoscience bi the maist feck o fowk.

## References
Mark Williams

**Mark James Williams**,  (born 21 Mairch 1975) is a Welsh professional snooker player that is a three-time Warld Champion, winnin in 2000, 2003, an 2018. Aged 43 whan he triumphed in May 2018, he became the secont auldest winner o the Warld Championship at the Crucible (Ray Reardon wis the auldest winner in 1978, aged 45). Aft notit fur his single-bawl lang pottin ability, Williams haes earnt the byname "The Welsh Potting Machine".

Williams haes been ranked the warld number 1 for a tot o three saesons in his career (1999/2000, 2000/2001, an 2002/2003). His maist successfu saison tae date wis 2002/2003, whan he won the acclaimed treble of tournaments (kent as the Triple Crown): the UK Championship, the Masters, an the Warld Championship. In daein sae, he became anly the third player, efter Steve Davis an Stephen Hendry, tae win aw three Triple Crown events in ae saison. In addition, he is the first player (an tae date, the anly player) tae win aw three versions of the professional Warld Championship – the Warld Snooker Championship, the Sax-red Warld Championship an the Warld Seniors Championship.

## Career finals

### Rankin finals: 35 (22 titles, 13 runners-up)

### Minor-rankin finals: 3 (2 titles, 1 runner-up)

### Non-rankin finals: 17 (6 titles, 11 runners-up)

### Variant finals: 3 (1 titles, 2 runner-up)

### Pro-am finals: 8 (5 titles, 3 runners-up)

### Team finals: 4 (2 titles, 2 runner-up)

## References

## Freemit airtins

* Mark Williams at *worldsnooker.com*
* Profile on Global Snooker
* Profile on WWW Snooker
* Profile on BBC Wales
* YouTube: Mark Williams 147 at the 2005 Warld Championship
* Profile on Yahoo! Sport
Spain–Turkey relations

**Spaingie–Turkis relations** are foreign relations atween the Kinrick o Spain an the Republic o Turkey. Spain haes an embassy in Ankara an a consulate general in Istanbul. Turkey haes an embassy in Madrid an a consulate general in Barcelona.

## History
During the 16th century, Habsburg Spain an the Ottoman Empire focht for supremacy in the Mediterranean.
A hichlicht wis the battle o Lepanto whur the Spaingie-led fleet (all'eed wi the Republic o Venice an the Papal States) won ower the Ottoman fleet. In North Africaw, the Spaingie actions against the Barbary pirates (Ottoman allies) wur nae successful for long.

During this time, the Ottomans welcomed mony Sephardi Jews an Conversos, fleeing frae releegious persecution in Spain, who introduced the Gutenberg press an theater, an supportit a failed Morisco revolt.
The silver brocht frae Spanish Americae caused massive inflation in Spain, that extendit tae the rest o Europe an even the Ottoman Empire.

Modeen relations atween the twa kintras stairtit in 1782 when the *Agreement of Peace, Friendship and Trade* wis signed.

## Political relations

Turkey an Spain are baith members o the Cooncil o Europe, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe, the World Trade Organization, an the Union for the Mediterranean.

Tgare are nae poleetical problems atween Turkey an Spain at bilateral level. Spain is ane o the major kintras supportin Turkey’s membership tae the European Union.

The jynt action plan signed atween Turkey an Spain, on 22 Julie 1998, established the framewirk o the bilateral relations atween the twa countries.

The Alliance of Civilizations wis initiatit bi Spaingie Prime Mennister José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero, co-sponsored bi the Turkis Prime Meenister Recep Tayyip Erdoğan.

## Economic relations
Trade volume atween Turkey an Spain wis €5.99 billion in 2011. Thare wis a development in the economic field in 2015 wi trade at USD 8.5 billion.

Thare are mair nor 610 Spanish firms operatin in Turkey. The value o Spanish investments in Turkey is aroond $10 billion.
In 2008, mair nor 350,000 Spanish tourists visited Turkey.

Aroond 75 Turkish firms operate in Spain. The Turkish investments in Spain reached $143 million in the period o 2002-2015.

## References

## Freemit airtins
* Turkish embassy in Madrid 
* Turkish Ministry of Foreign Affairs about relations with Spain
* Spain-Turkey Civic Forum. Reinforcing bilateral relations for a common european vision
Denmark–Turkey relations

**Denmark–Turkey relations** refer tae current an historical relations atween Denmark an Turkey. Denmark haes an embassy in Ankara, an Turkey Haes an embassy in Copenhagen. Baith kintras are members o NATO. Diplomatic relations atween Denmark an Turkey wur strained acause o the Jyllands-Posten Muhammad cartoons controversy an Roj TV affair
(Roj TV's broadcasting license wis suspendit bi the Supreme Coort in Denmark on February 27, 2014).

## History
These relations date back 250 years an actually stairtit in the field o trade in the 18th century. On 14 October 1756, an *Agreement o Friendship an Trade* wis signed bi the Sultan Osman III an the Keeng Frederick V. In 1758, Denmark haes appyntit an extraordinary representative tae the Ottoman Empire.

### Thirty Years' War
Frae 1618 tae 1648, Denmark an the Ottoman Empire focht taegither against the Haly Roman Empire as allies, frae 1618 tae 1629. In 1643, Denmark aligned wi the Catholic pouers against Ottoman Empire an Swaden.

### Great Northren War

In the Great Northren War, Denmark an the Ottoman Empire wur at war against each ither.

### French Revolutionary Wars

In the War o the Second Coaleetion,  Denmark an the Ottoman Empire were at war against each ither.

### Napoleonic Wars

Baith Denmark, Fraunce an the Ottoman Empire wur allies durin the Napoleonic Wars frae 1803 tae 1815, against Unitit Kinrick, Austrick, Roushie an Swaden.

### 20th century
During the Turkis–Armenie War in 1920, Denmark actit as a mediator in the war atween Armenie an Turkey.
A commercial agreement wis signed in Ankara (Angora) in 1926. A *Treaty o Establishment, Commerce and Navigation* wis signed atween Denmark an Turkey in 1930. In 1932, baith kintras signed a conciliation treaty in Geneva, Swisserland. In 1948, a payment agreement were signed.

On 26 November 1999, a "Jynt Action Plan" cooperation in poleetics, siccarity an defence wis signed when Turkis Foreign Meenister Ismail Cem veesitit Denmark.

## References
Co-operative Pairty

The **Co-operative Pairty** is a centre-left poleetical pairty in the Unitit Kinrick supportin co-operative vailyies an principles. Estaiblisht in 1917, the Co-Operative Pairty wis foondit by Co-operative societies tae campaign poleetically fur the fairer treatment o co-operative enterpreese an tae elect 'co-operators' tae Pairlament. The pairty's ruits lie in the Pairlamentary Comatee o the Co-operative Union estaiblisht in 1881.

Syne 1927, the Co-operative Pairty haes haed an electoral pact wi the Labour Pairty, wi baith pairties greein no tae staund candidates foreanent ilk ither. Insteid, candidates chuised by members o baith pairties kemp elections uisin the description o Labour an Co-operative Pairty. The Co-operative Pairty is a legally separate entity fae the Labour Paorty, an is registered as a poleetical pairty wit the Electoral Commission. Co-operative Pairty members are no alloued tae be members of ony ither poleetical pairty in the UK apairt fae the Labour Pairty or Northren Ireland's Social Democratic an Labour Pairty (SDLP).

The Co-operative Pairty is belike the fowert-mucklist pairty in the Hoose o Commons wi 26 Members o Pairlament, awtho as aw o hits MPs sit in the Pairlamentary Labour Pairty, hit is no aften regairded as sic. Hit haes members in the Hoose o Lairds, the Scots Pairlament, the Welsh Assembly, the Lunnon Assembly an local govrenment an aw.

In keepin wi hits co-operative vailyies an principles, the Co-operative Pairty daesnae hae a leader. Insteid Anna Turley sers as Chair o the Naitional Executive Comatee, Joe Fortune as General Secretar, an Jim McMahon as Chair o the Co-operative Pairty Group o Pairlamentarians.

## Soorces
Sooth Africae–Turkey relations

**Sooth Africae – Turkey relations** refers tae the current an historical relations atween the Republic o Sooth Africae an the Republic o Turkey. Formal diplomatic relations wur established at consular level in 1991 an consulates-general wur opened in Istanbul an Johannesburg respectively. Baith consulates wur closed follaein the upgrading o relations tae ambassadorial level in October 1992. Sooth Africae haes an embassy in Ankara. Turkey haes an embassy in Pretoria. Frae 1998, Turkey haes maintained a Consulate General in Cape Toun wi jurisdiction ower the Wastren, Northren an Eastren Cape Provinces. The post is filled bi the current incumbent in an honorary capaceety, Adv Glenn Babb.

## Historical relations
The forerunner tae Turkey, the Ottoman Empire, established relations wi colonial Sooth Africae, which wis then pairt o the Breetish Empire, in 1861 wi the appyntment o a Mr. de Roubaix tae Istanbul. A Mr. Bettelheim wis sent frae the Ottoman Empire tae Cape Toun in 1889. Bettelheim remained in the post o consul tae Sooth Africae until 1896. The Ottomans awso maintained consulates in Durban and Johannesburg. Relations atween the Ottoman Empire and South Africa wur maintained until the ootbreak of World War I, when the Ottomans entered the war on the side o the German Empire, whereas the Union o Sooth Africae entered alangside the Breetish. Prior tae the ootbreak o the war, a new consular arrived in Cape Toun, Mehmet Remzi Bey. He wis interned durin the war bi Breetish authorities an died in 1916. He wis  buried in Johannesburg.

## Releegious relations
In 1863, a qadi, or Islamic judge, wis sent bi the Ottoman Sultan Abdülaziz tae teach the Muslim population in Cape Toun. The judge wis Abu Bakr Effendi an he wis creditit wi introducing the fez for men, as weel as reinstatin the hijab for weemen. Mair importantly, besides his role as teacher he awso published the Arabic Afrikaans "Uiteensetting van die godsdiens" ("Bayan ad-Din", or "The Exposition of the Religion") in 1877. He married a Breetish woman an died in Sooth Africae in 1880.

## Turkey an the apartheid govrenment
Turkey stood in consistent opposition tae the white minority govrenment in Sooth Africae. It did nae maintain ony teep o relations until negotiations began atween the African Naitional Congress an the govrenment touards democratic elections. Turkey an aw promotit the unthirldom o Namibie, which wis unner the occupation o Sooth Africae frae Warld War I until  October 1990.

## Post-apartheid relations

Sooth Africae an Turkey normalised relations follaein the democratic elections o 1994 in Sooth Africae. The Govrenment o Sooth Africae maintained a seemilar poseetion on Kurdish naitionalism as the Turkish Republic.

## Notes

## Sources
*
* 

## Freemit airtins
* South African embassy in Ankara
* Turkish Ministry of Foreign Affairs about relations with South Africa
Kildin Sami leid

**Kildin Sami** (Кӣллт са̄мь кӣлл, Kiillt saam' kiill) is an east samic leid spak in Roushie (kola). Aboot 300-500 fowk ken the Kildin Sami leid.Kildin Sami is screivit wi the Cyrillic alphabet. Kildin Sami is close tae the Akkala an Ter Sami leids, thay war conseedeert byleids o kildinsami in the past. Kildinsami is the ainly livin Sami leid in Roushie. The wird fur Tundra is frae the Kildin sami leid.

## Soorces
Mikhail Mishustin

**Mikhail Vladimirovich Mishustin** (, ; born 3 Mairch 1966) is a Roushie economist an politeecian servin as Prime Meenister o Roushie syne 2020.
Indonesie–Turkey relations

**Indonesie–Turkey relations** are foreign bilateral relations atween Republic o Indonesie an Republic o Turkey.  Diplomatic relations haes been established syne 1950. Indonesia haes an embassy in Ankara. an consulate-general in Istanbul. Turkey haes an embassy in Jakarta, an honorar consulate in Medan syne met 1996. Baith kintras are full members o the WTO, OIC, D-8 an the G-20.

## History
Relations wi the Ottoman Empire bygane wi the 16th century Ottoman expedition tae Aceh, in wi the response tae the Aceh Sultanate's request for assistance against the Portuguese in Malacca

Turkey recognised Indonesie on 29 December 1949 an diplomatic relations wur established in 1950. Turkis Embassy in Jakarta wis opened on 10 April 1957.

## Notes

## Freemit airtins
*Embassy of the Republic of Indonesia in Ankara, Turkey 
*Turkish Embassy, in Jakarta, Indonesia 
*Joint Issue: Turkey - Indonesia vs Indonesia - Turkey
Infanta Maria José o Portugal

**Infanta Maria José o Portugal**  (*Maria José Joana Eulália Leopoldina Adelaide Isabel Carolina Micaela Rafaela Gabriela Francisca de Assis e de Paula Inês Sofia Joaquina Teresa Benedita Bernardina*; 19 Mairch 1857 – 11 Mairch 1943) wis an Infanta o Portugal bi birth an Duchess in Bavarie bi mairiage. She wis a great-great grandmither o Keeng Leopold III o the Belgians.

## Issue

#Duchess Sophie Adelheid in Bavarie (22 Februar 1875 – 4 September 1957), mairit Hans Viet, Coont o Törring-Jettenbach, an haed issue.
#Duchess Elisabeth in Bavarie (25 Julie 1876 – 23 November 1965), mairit King Albert I o Belgium, an haed issue.
#Duchess Marie Gabrielle in Bavarie (9 October 1878 –24 October 1912) mairit Rupprecht, Croun Prince o Bavarie  an haed issue.
#Duke Ludwig Wilhelm in Bavarie (17 Januar 1884 – 5 November 1968) mairit Princess Eleonore Anna Lucie o Sayn-Wittgenstein-Berleburg but haed nae issue.

## Titles and styles
***19 Mairch 1857 – 29 April 1874** *[[Her Ryal Highness]]* Infanta Maria José o Portugal.
***29 Aprile 1874 – 11 March 1943** *Her Ryal Highness* The Duchess in Bavarie.
Coronavirus

***Coronaviruses*** are speshies o virus belangin tae the subfaimily *[[Coronavirinae]]* in the faimily *[[Coronaviridae]]*, in the order Nidovirales.

## References
Inari Sami leid

Inarisami (*anarâškielâ*) is the seicont or the maist spak Aistren Sami leid wi aboot 400 fowk thit ken the leid. It is juist spak in Finland.The amoont o fowk thit ken Inarisami haes been growin frae 279 in 2008 tae 400 in 2018. Inarisami is close tae the Skolt Sami leid an the spikkers o Inarisámi can jaloose a pucle o thaim.

## Soorces
Kinnel Watter

The **Kinnel Watter** is a river in the Scots cooncil aurie o Dumfries an Gallowa, in the shire o Dumfriesshire.

## History
The Kinnel Water rises on the soothren edge o the Lowther Hills aroond 1.25 mile north o the tap o Queensberry near the mairch wi the neebourin cooncil aurie o Sooth Lanrikshire. A soorce river flowes fae the River Clyde, that flowes tae the nor'wast, at a distance o aroond quarter mile. Efter its upper coorse mainly follaes a sooth-eastren direction throu a hilly laundskip, its coorse taks a soothren direction efter aboot 5.5 mile. For a wheen o miles, the A701 road rins lairgely parallel til the left bank afore crossin the river. Efter its unnerflowe haes led the Kinnel Water throu a innerly laund that it flowes aroond twa kilometres nor'east o Lochmaben in the River Annan, that eventually tuimt intil the Erse Sea via the Solway Firth. Wi a tot lenth o aroond 20 mile, the river owercomes a heicht o 1,302 fit.

A rowth o streams flowes intil the Kinnel Watter on its course, bit it haes nae signeeficant infaws ither nor the Watter o Ae that flowes intae Templand. The Kinnel Watter rins throu a sparse populatit aurie, sae that it affects no mony touns, o whit Templand is the maist populous.

## Structurs
The Kinnel Brig spangs the river near Templand an is pertectit as a Categorie A moniment. The three-airch stane brig wis built in 1723 an wis wauxit aroond 100 year later. In Templand, the river passes throu the leetit fermtoun Ross Mains an aw. Neist is upriver wi Raehills House, a big hoose o the Yerl o Annandale an Hartfell near the richt bank.

## References
Georgie–Turkey relations

**Georgie–Turkis relations** are foreign relations atween Georgie an Turkey. Efter the dissolution o the Soviet Union, Turkey recognised the unthirldom o Georgie on 16 December 1991. The formal Protocol on the Establishment o Diplomatic Relations atween the twa kintras wis signed on 21 Mey 1992. A free trade agreement is currently in force. 
Georgie haes an embassy in Ankara, an twa consulates–general in Istanbul an Trabzon. Turkey haes an embassy in Tbilisi, an a consulate–general in Batumi. Baith kintras are full members o the Cooncil o Europe, the Organisation for Security an Co-operation in Europe, the BLACKSEAFOR (Black Sea Naval Co-operation Task Group), the Organisation o the Black Sea Economic Cooperation an the Warld Tred Organisation. Turkey is already a member o NATO, while Georgie is a candidate.

## References
Khoisan leids

The **Khoisan leids** (; kent sae **Khoesan** or **Khoesaan** an aw) are a group o African leids oreeginally clessified thegither by Joseph Greenberg. Khoisan leids hae click consonants an dae'n belang tae ony ither African leid faimlies. Fur muckle o the 20t yeirhunner, thay were thocht tae be genealogically relatit tae ilk ither, bit this is no langer acceptit. The nou, thay are thocht tae be makkit up o three different leid faimilies an twa leid isolates.
Zimbabwe Rhodesie

**Zimbabwe Rhodesie** wis an unrecognised state thit existit fae 1 June 1979 tae 12 Dizember 1979. Zimbabwe Rhodesie wis precedit by an unrecognised republic caud Rhodesie and wis shortlins follaed by the re-establisht Breetish colony o Soothren Rhodesie, whilk accordin tae British constitutional theory haed stayed the richt govrenment efter the Unilateral Declaration o Independence (UDI) in 1965. Aboot three month later, the re-establisht colony o Soothren Rhodesie wis gied internationally recognised independence as the Republic o Zimbabwe.

## Soorces
Hellenic leids

**Hellenic** is the brainch o the Indo-European leid faimly whase main memmer is Greek. In maist clessifications, Hellenic is makkit up o Greek ainly, bit sum linguists uise the term Hellenic tae refer tae a group makkit up o the Greek leid an ither varieties thocht tae be relatit bit different eneucht tae be separate leids, aither amang auncient neighbouring leids or amang modren spaken byleids.

## Soorces
SARS-CoV-2

**Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2** (**SARS-CoV-2**), previously kent bi the proveesional name **2019-nCoV**, is a positive-sense single-strandit RNA virus. It is contagious in humans an is the cause o coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

## References
COVID-19 pandemic

The **COVID-19 pandemic**, kent as the **coronavirus pandemic** an aw, wis a global pandemic o coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‑19), gart bi severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‑CoV‑2). The ootbreak wis first identifee'd in Wuhan, Cheenae, in Disember 2019. The Warld Heal Organisation declared the ootbreak a Public Heal Emergency o International Concern on the 30t Januar 2020, an a pandemic on the 11t Mairch. As o , mair nor  cases o COVID-19 hae been reportit in mair nor  kintras an territories, resultin in mair nor  daiths; awtho mair nor  fowk haes wun abuin the traik.

## Geografic diffusion


File:COVID-19 cases in China.svg
File:2019-nCoV Outbreak World Map.svg|Map o the 2019–20 Wuhan coronavirus ootbreak (as o ): 


## Notes

## References
Sermon on the Mount

In the Bible an Christianity, the **Sermon on the Mount** refers tae a collect o sayins frae a speech gien bi Jesus Christ in the Gospel o Matthew 5-7, whilk focuses on Christ's moral lair. It is one o the maist quotit pairts o the New Testament, includin the Beautitudes an the Lord's Prayer, an includes the main tenets o discourse for Christian discipleship.

## References

## Links outwith
*The Blissins "The Beatitudes translated [intae Scots] by W L Lorimer in his version of the New Testament Gospel of Matthew Chapter 5:1-12", read up frae the Kirk o Scotland.
Austrick–Turkey relations

**Austrian–Turkish relations** is relations atween Austrick an Turkey an thair predecessor states.

## The Habsburgs and the Ottomans
Frae the middle ages til the twentieth yeirhunner, Austrick an Turkey wur the core regions athin mair muckle empires. Austrick wis the seat o the Hoose o Habsburg an Turkey wis ruled bi the Hoose o Osman (kent as the Ottoman Dynasty forby). The Habsburg an Ottoman states wur baith muckle multi-ethnic conglomerations sustained bi conquest. These rival empires waged frequent wars agin ilka ither ower control o much Central Europe an the Balkans.

Durin its peak, the Ottoman Empire threitint tae conquer the Austrick caipital o Vienna twice: in 1529 an 1683. Efter the seicont Ottoman defeat at Vienna an the end o the Great Turkis War in 1699, houaniver, the Habsburgs gained the upper haund, an captured Hungary an Croatie frae the Ottomans. Efter thir gains, Austrick wisnae able tae advance intae the Balkans, acause o the rival influence o Roushie, in a stalemate an dispute kent as the Eastren Question. Whiles Ottoman control in the Balkans went intae decline, the Austrians wurnae able tae annex ony new territory until Bosnie in 1908, an e'en that caused a diplomatic crisis (the Bosnie creesis). In the interim, Roushie haed gien help tae seeveral nationalities in the Balkans tae tak up airms agin the Ottomans an create separate nation-states in the Balkans. Efter the culmination o aw the chynges frae the Greek War o Unthirldom (1821–1829) tae the Balkan Wars (1912–1913) the Austrick an Ottoman empires nae langer haed mairches wi ilk ither. This alloued baith tae join the Central Powers as allies durin the First Warld War. The defeat o the Central Powers lead tae baith monarchies bein owerthrawn.

## Austrick an Turkis republics
Austrick currently haes normal relations wi Turkey. Houaniver, thare are some minor complications. Austrick, that haes aboot 250,000 Turks bidin there (about 3% o Austrick's population), haes been at the forefront o stappin Turkey's accession tae the European Union.

## Accession o Turkey tae the European Union
On 10 November 2010 relations atween the twa kintras wur excessively tensed efter the Turkis ambassador tae Austria accused the Austrick public an poleetical elite o xenophobia an called on internaitional organisations wi buildings in Vienna tae relocate tae anither kintra. The Freedom Pairtt cawed for the suspension o diplomatic relations an fur stappin the EU accession talks wi Ankara.

In December 2017, Turkey accuised the incomin Austrick govrenment o discrimination an racism, efter it wudnae agree tae Ankara jynin the EU. In addeition, Turkey slammed the EU for nae condemnin the Austrick govrenment's approach. The Turkis foreign meenistry accuised the incomin government o “dishonesty” forby an gied ae wairnishin that thair approach waukd bring Austrick “tae the brink o losing Turkey’s friendship” an be met wi “the reaction that it deserves.”

## References

* 
* http://www.politico.com/story/2016/11/trump-turkey-fethullah-gulen-extradition-231238

## Freemit airtins
* Turkish Ministry of Foreign Affairs about the relations with Austria
Singapore–Turkey relations

**Singapore - Turkey relations** refers tae bilateral relations atween Singapore an Turkey. Diplomatic relations atween the twa kintras wur established on 12 February 1969. Turkey haed an embassy in Singapore, while the latter haes an embassy in Ankara as weel as a consulate general in Istanbul.

## Economic Relations

Primary export products o Turkey includes iron and steel; mineral fuel ails; furniture bedding, lamps, fittings; boilers an pairts; airticles o apparel an accessories knitted. Turkis imports are mainly componed o postal packages an special transactions; electrical machinery an appliances; aluminum and plastic products.

During a visit bi Singapore Preses SR Nathan tae Turkey in 2009, the Union o Chambers an Commodity Exchynges o Turkey- Foreign Economic Relations Buird (TOBB-DEIK) an Singapore Business Federation (SBF) concludit an agreement on the establishment o Turkey-Singapore Business Council. The cooncil aims tae promote bilateral trade atween the twa kintras, as weel as develop industrial an technological cooperation. Turkey an Singapore hae agreements for “Avoidance o Double Taxation an Prevention o Fiscal Evasion wi Respect tae Taxes on Income” and “Reciprocal Promotion an Protection of Investments”.

Bilateral trade hit a record heich in 2011 wi total trade reaching S$2.2 billion in 2011, a 79 per cent increase frae the previous year.

An FTA atween baith nations wis signed in November 2015 an entered intae force in October 2017 during the G20 Summit that year.

## State visits
In 2012, Turkis Deputy Prime Meenister Ali Babacan veesitit Singapore where he met wi Singapore Preses Tony Tan, Deputy Prime Meenister Tharman Shanmugaratnam, Meenister o Foreign Affairs K. Shanmugam an Meenister for Trade and Industry Lim Hng Kiang. The twa leaders agreed tae further deepen bilateral cooperation across different sectors includin trade, investments an finance. During the meetings, the leaders acknowledged the excellent state o bilateral relations atween Singapore an Turkey.  Babacan warmly welcomed Singapore's intention tae open an embassy in Ankara later that year. They awso exchanged views on regional developments in Asie an the Middle East.

H.E. Preses Erdoğan, then in his capacity as Prime Meenister, veesitit Singapore on 8–9 Januar 2014. H.E. Prime Meenister Lee veesitit Turkey on 12–15 October 2014. Prime Meenister H.E Binali Yıldırım paid an offeecial visit tae Singapore on 21–22 August 2017.

## Migration
There are 500 Turkish citizens based in Singapore an ower 50 Turkish companies registered in Singapore.

## References

## Freemit airtins
Ernst Mayr

**Ernst Walter Mayr** (5 Julie 1904 – 3 Februar 2005) wis a German-born American evolutionary biologist, ane o the maist important o the 20t century. His wark contributed tae the development o the biological species concept.
National Television Awards

The **National Television Awards** (eften shortened tae **NTAs**) is a Breetish telly awairds ceremony, braidcast bi the ITV netwark an ineetiatit in 1995.
Fleabag

***Fleabag*** is an Inglis comedy-drama telly series creatit an written bi Phoebe Waller-Bridge, that starns in the teetle role an aw.
Dancing on Ice

***Dancing on Ice*** is a Breetish telly series presentit bi Phillip Schofield alangside Holly Willoughby frae 2006 tae 2011, then returned in 2018 an Christine Lampard frae 2012 tae 2014.
James Corden

**James Kimberley Corden**  (born 22 August 1978) is an Inglis actor, comedian, an telly host. He hosts *[[The Late Late Show with James Corden]]*, a late-nicht telly talk shaw on CBS in the Unitit States.

## References
David Walliams

**David Edward Williams**  (born 20 August 1971), kent perfaisionally as **David Walliams**, is an Inglis comedian, actor, writer, and television personality. He is best kent for his pairtnership wi Matt Lucas on the BBC One sketch comedy series *[[Little Britain]]* (2003-2007) an *[[Come Fly with Me (2010 TV series)|Come Fly With Me]]* (2010). Syne 2012, Walliams haes been a juidge on the ITV talent shaw *[[Britain's Got Talent]]*.

## References
Britain's Got Talent

***Britain's Got Talent*** (eften abbreviatit tae ***BGT***) is a televised Breetish talent shaw competeetion, an pairt o the global ''Got Talent'' franchise creatit bi Simon Cowell.

## References
Amanda Holden

**Amanda Louise Holden** (born 16 Februar 1971) is an Inglis media personality, actress, telly presenter, sangster an author. She haes juidged on the telly talent shaw competeetion *[[Britain's Got Talent]]* syne the shaw began in 2007 on ITV.

## References
Alesha Dixon

**Alesha Anjanette Dixon** (born 7 October 1978) is an Inglis sangster, rapper, sangwriter, dancer, author, model an telly personality.

## References
All Round to Mrs. Brown's

***All Round to Mrs. Brown's*** is an Erse comedy talk shaw creatit bi an starnin Brendan O'Carroll wi his faimily an ither cast members frae his oreeginal comedy shaw, *[[Mrs. Brown's Boys]]* and Aly Mahmoud as Chef Aly.

## References
Andrea Dandolo

**Andrea Dandolo** (30 Aprile - 1306 – 7 September 1354) wis the 54t Doge o Venice in 1343, replacing Bartolomeo Gradenigo.
Lovisa o Swaden

**Princess  Lovisa o Swaden** (* Lovisa Josefina Eugenia*;  31 October 1851 – 20 Mairch 1926) wis the wife o Keeng Frederick VIII o Denmark. She wis born ***Lovisa*** but wis kent in Denmark as ***Louise***. 

## Teetles an styles
***31 October 1851 – 28 Julie 1869** *[[Her Ryal Highness]]* Princess Lovisa o Swaden an Norawa.
***28 Julie 1869 – 29 Januar 1906** *Her Ryal Highness* The Croun Princess o Denmark.
***29 Januar 1906 – 14 Mey 1912** *Her [[Majesty]]* The Queen o Denmark.
***14 Mey 1912 – 20 Mairch 1926** *[[Her Majesty]]* The Queen Dowager o Denmark.
Sport utility vehicle

**Sport utility vehicle** (**SUV**) is a category o motor vehicles that combine elements o road-goin passenger caurs wi featurs frae aff-road vehicles, such as raised ground clearance an fower-wheel drive.

Thare is nae commonly agreed definition o an SUV, an uisage varies atween kintras. Some definitions claim that an SUV must be biggit on a licht larrie chassis; housomeivver, broader definitions consider ony vehicle wi aff-road design featurs tae be an SUV. A crossover SUV is defined as an SUV biggit wi a unibody construction (as per passenger caurs), housomeivver in mony cases crossovers are simply referred tae as SUVs. In some kintras—such as the Unitit States—SUVs hae been classifee'd as "licht larries", resultin in mair lenient regulations compared tae passenger caurs.

## References