open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Provinces o Turkey

**[[Turkey]]** is dividit intae 81 provinces, cried *il* in Turkis (plural is *iller*, see Turkis alphabet for caipitalization o i).

A province is admeenistered bi an appointit govrenor (*[[Wali|vali]]*), an wis umwhile termed a "govrenorate" (*[[vilayet]]*).

The provinces are dividit intae a number o different destricts. Each province haes a govrenment aurie (*il merkezi*) in the central destrict (*merkez ilçe*), an mey include ither destricts (*ilçe* singular, *ilçeler* plural). In aw but three cases, the govrenment aurie bears the same name as the province. The exceptions are Antakya (in Hatay), Izmit (in Kocaeli) an Adapazari (in Sakarya).

## Leet o provinces

 


* Population data accordin tae 2009 census.
* Efter Zonguldak (67) the orderin is no alphabetical but in the order o creation o provinces, acause these provinces wur recently creatit an named bi the govrenment, an their plate numbers wur assigned thereefter.

## Codes
The numbers o the ISO code, the first twa digits o the vehicle registration plates o Turkey an the first digits o the postal codes in Turkey are the same. NUTS codes are different.

## Defunct provinces

* Bayazıt, nou pairt o Ağrı Province.
* Çatalca, now pairt o Istanbul Province.
* Elazığ Madeni, nou pairt o Elazığ Province.
* Gelibolu, nou pairt o Çanakkale Province.
* Genç, nou pairt o Bingöl Province.
* Kozan, nou pairt o Adana Province.
* Şebinkarahisar, nou pairt o Giresun Province.
* Siverek, nou pairt o Şanlıurfa Province.
* Silifke, nou pairt o Mersin Province.

## See an aw

* Destricts o Turkey
* Metropolitan centers in Turkey
* Neighbourhuids o Turkey
* Regions o Turkey
* Veelages o Turkey
* ISO 3166-2:TR
* Muhtar (title)

## References
Van Province

**Van Province** () is a province in eastren Turkey, atween Lake Van an the Iranian border. It is 19,069&nbsp;km2 in area an haes a population o 1,035,418.

Its adjacent provinces are Bitlis tae the wast, Siirt tae the soothwast, Şırnak an Hakkâri tae the sooth, an Ağrı tae the north. The caipital is Van ( *Van*, ). The province an the surroondin area is the hame o famous Van kedisi (Van cat).

On Januar 9, 1990 in Van wis recordit the lawest temperatur in Turkey wi -46.4&nbsp;°C.

## Destricts
Van province is dividit intae 12 destricts (destrict caipitals in **bauld**):
* Bahçesaray
* Başkale
* Çaldıran
* Çatak
* Edremit
* Erciş
* Gevaş
* Gürpınar
* Muradiye
* Özalp
* Saray
***[[Van, Turkey|Van]]**

## History
This area wis the hertland o Armenians, who lived in thir areas frae the time o Hayk in the 3rd millennium BC richt up tae the late 19t century when the Ottoman Empire seized aw the land frae the natives. In the 9t century BC the Van area wis the centre o the Urartian kinrick. Frae 7t century BC up tae Islamic conquest o Persians (640 AD), Van haes been unner different Persian dynasties o Merdia, Achaemenids, Arcasids an Sassanids.  In 908-1021 wis central pairt o Armenian Kinrick o Vaspurakan, then jynt Byzantine Empire. Wi the Seljuq victory at the Battle o Malazgirt in 1071, juist north o Lake Van, it became a pairt o Seljuq Empire an later the Ottoman Empire. For centuries efter that, the area wis a major Armenian population centre.

## Gallery


Image:Akdamar and mountain.jpg|The Armenie Cathedral o the Holy Cross (10t c.) on Akhtamar Island
Image:Narekavank.jpg|The Armenie *[[Narekavank|Monastery o Narek]]* (10t c.)
Image:Varagavank.jpg|Varagavank Armenie monastery (11t c.)
Image:Saint Bartholomew Monastery.jpg|The Armenie * [[Saunt Bartholomew Monastery|Monastery o Saunt Bartholomew]]* (13t c.)


## See an aa

* Ottoman Armenian Population
* Siege o Van

## Notes

## Freemit airtins
* Picturs o the caipital o Van province
Petra Kvitová

**Petra Kvitová** (born 8 Mairch 1990) is a Czech professional tennis player. As o 11 Mey 2015, she is ranked Warld No. 4.

Durin the 2011 saison, Kvitová wan the singles titles at Wimbledon an the WTA Tour Championships. She became the first Grand Slam event winner born in the 1990s, an the third player tae win the WTA Championships in her first attempt.

## Early life
Petra Kvitová wis born tae Jiří Kvita an Pavla Kvitová in Bílovec, Czech Republic (in 1990 still in Czechoslovakie). Her faither Jiří introducit her tae tennis. Durin her bairnheid, she liked Czech American player Martina Navratilova. Kvitová trained in her hametoun till the age o 16, an wis then encouraged bi an instructor tae pursue a professional career in tennis.

## Playin style
Kvitová is kent for her fast left-haundit serve. At the 2011 Wimbledon Championships, she haed 36 aces, the third-maist o ony wumman. She is notit for her hivy forehaund an aw, backhaund, variety, an timin, an is kent tae mak up for her lack o speed bi playin close tae the baseline.

## References
Spa (ceety)

**Spa** () is a ceety an municipality o Belgium. It lies in the kintra's Walloon Region an Province o Liège. It is situatit in a valley in the Ardennes muntain chain, some 35&nbsp;km (22 mile) sootheast o Liège, an 45&nbsp;km (28 mile) soothwast o Aachen. As o 1 Januar 2006, Spa haed a total population o 10,543. The total aurie is 39.85&nbsp;km², givin a population density o 265 inhabitants per km².

## History

As the famed steid o healin hot springs, Spa haes been frequented as a waterin-place syne as early as the 14t century. Though ither sources o healin hot mineral springs hae become famous throughoot the warld, it is the toun o Spa which haes become eponymous wi ony place haein a natural water source that is believed tae possess special health-givin properties, as a *[[spa]]*. The place name is frae Walloon *espa* meanin "spring, funtain."

In 1918, the German Airmy established its principal Heidquarters in Spa, an it wis frae here that the delegates set oot for the French lines tae meet Marshal Foch an sue for peace in the consultations leadin up tae the Airmistice which endit the First Warld War. In Julie 1920 it hostit the meetin o the Supreme Cooncil. German delegates wur invitit tae this tae discuss war reparations.

The toun is aiblins best kent the day as hame tae the Circuit de Spa-Francorchamps, which hosts the annual Formula Ane Belgian Grand Prix. It is an aa the location o mineral water producer Spa.

Agatha Christie's fictional detective Hercule Poirot wis born in Spa.

Spa hostit the finish o Stage 2 o the 2010 Tour de France on Julie 5.

## Notable residents

* Georges Alexandré Krins violinist on the 

## Internaitional relations

### Twin touns - Sister ceeties
Spa is twinned wi:

## See an aw
* Circuit de Spa-Francorchamps
* Les Francofolies de Spa
* Spa Conference

## References

## Freemit airtins

*Circuit o Spa-Francorchamps
* Legend Boucles de Spa
Kilis

**Kilis** is a ceety in sooth-central Turkey on the border wi Sirie an caipital o the **[[Kilis Province]]**.

## Geography
The Öncüpınar Sirie border crossin is 5&nbsp;km (3&nbsp;mi) tae the sooth an the lairge ceety o Gaziantep is 60&nbsp;km (37&nbsp;mi) tae the north. Indeed till 1996 Kilis wis a destrict o Gaziantep, being made intae a province bi Tansu Çiller follaein an open vote-winnin gambit in the 1995 general election.

Kilis is a sma ceety wi a rural feel tae it, the traffic consistin mainly o young men on mopeds. The population o the toun wis 20,000 in 1927, 45,000 in 1970, 60,000 in 1980 an 85,000 in 1990. It then fell in the 1990s tae 70,000 by 2000. (The population is 82,109 as o 2010)

Being a border toun, Kilis haes lang haed a reputation for smugglin an drug traffickin an although this haes apparently been reduced, even the day cigarettes, spirits an cheap electrical items can be bought for cash at low prices.

The local kebab kent as Kilis Kebabi is renouned, an an' a' the breads, baklava an stuffed vegetables.

Natives o Kilis speak a dialect of Turkish cried Inkilisce, which haes a destinct lisping quality an a lairge number o Inglis cognates; the first iver comprehensive leid documentation project on the dialect wis begun in late 2009, led bi notit linguist M.A. Erdoğmuş.

### Climate
Kilis haes a semi-arid climate wi vera hot, dry an lang simmers an ceul an rainy winters.

## Places o interest
Sichts in the ceety include a number o Ottoman Empire period mosques an stane hooses wi courtyards an elaborate carved widden fittins.
* Tourism information is available in Inglis at the Southeastern Anatolian Promotion Project steid. 

## See an aa
*See **[[Kilis Province]]** for mair information aboot the aurie.

## Freemit airtins
* Kilis Police Department 
* All About Turkey : Kilis
Mersin

**Mersin** (, Auncient Greek: Ζεφύριον, Zephyrion) is a lairge ceety an a busy port on the Mediterranean coast o soouthren Turkey. The metropolitan aurie in the entire Mersin Province haed a population o 1,071,703 as o 2014. makin it Turkey's tent maist muckle ceety. It is an aw pairt o an interurban agglomeration - Adana-Mersin Metropolitan Aurie an lies on the wast pairt o Çukurova, a geographical, economical an cultural region. 

Mersin is important for Turkey's economy, an Turkey's biggest port is locatit here. 

## Etymology
Accordin tae Evliya Çelebi, the ceety is named efter the Mersinoğullari tribe; anither theory is that it is derived frae the myrtle () which grows abundantly in the region.

## Climate
Mersin haes a typical Mediterranean climate wi hot an dry simmers an ceul an wet winters. Mersin haes its heichest rainfaw in winter; mainly December an Januar which gives Mersin its healthy, nurtured coastline. The driest months are simmer wi hardly ony rainfaw at aw.   

## Internaitional relations

### Twin touns — Sister ceeties
Mersin is twinned wi:

* Kushimoto, Japan
* Latakia, Sirie
* Wast Palm Beach, Unitit States
* Oberhausen, Germany

## See an aw
* Adana-Mersin Metropolitan Aurie
* Çukurova
* Akdeniz, interceety municipality o Mersin
* Mezitli, interceety municipality o Mersin
* Toroslar, interceety municipality o Mersin
* Yenişehir, interceety municipality o Mersin
* Cilicie War
* Gözne
* Soli, Cilicie
* Yumuktepe
* Kazanlı
* Chronology o the Turkis War o Unthirldom
* Leet o mayors o Mersin
* Mersin İdmanyurdu, fitbaa team o the ceety
* Gulf o Mersin
* Mersin Grand Mosque
* Mersin Harbor
* Mersin railway station
* Mersin Halkevi
* Mertim
* Mersin Feneri
* Muğdat Mosque
* Atatürk Parkı

## References
### Notes

* Blue Guide, Turkey, The Aegean and Mediterranean Coasts (ISBN 0-393-30489-2), pp.&nbsp;556–557.
* Blood-Dark Track: A Family History (Granta Books) by Joseph O'Neill, contains a detailed and evocative history of the city, viewed from the perspective of a Christian Syrian family long resident in Mersin.
* Richard Talbert, Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World, (ISBN 0-691-03169-X), p.&nbsp;66
*

## Freemit airtns

* Princeton Encyclopedia of Classical Sites
* Catholic Encyclopedia "Zephyrium"
Samara Oblast

**Samara Oblast** (, *Samarskaya oblast*) is a federal subject o Roushie (an oblast).  It is locatit in the Volga Federal Destrict. Its admieenistrative center is the ceety o Samara. In 1936–1990, it wis kent as **Kuybyshev Oblast** (), efter the Soviet name o Samara (Kuybyshev).

## Admeenistrative diveesions

## Demographics
*Population*: 

*Ethnic groups*:
Accordin tae the 2002 Census the ethnic makeup o the region wis   •	*2,708,549* Roushies (83.60%) • *127,931* Tatars (3.95%) • *101,358* Chuvash (3.13%) • *86,000* Mordvins (2.65%) • *60,727* Ukrainians (1.87%) • *21,566* Armenians (0.67%) • *15,046* Azeris (0.46%) • *14,918* Kazakhs (0.46%) • *14,082* Belarusians (0.43%) • *9,569* Germans (0.30%) • *7,885* Bashkirs (0.24%)  • *6,384* Jews (0.20%) • *5,438* Uzbeks (0.17%) • *5,244* Roma (0.16%) • *4,624* Tajiks (0.14%) • *3,889* Mari (0.12%) • *3,518* Georgians (0.11%) • *2,364* Moldovans (0.07%) • an various ither groups o less nor twa thoosan fowk each. • An additional *22,489* residents declined tae state thair naitionality or ethnocultural identity on the census questionnaire.

*Births (2008): 36,439 (11.5 per 1000) 
*Daiths (2008): 48,593 (15.3 per 1000)

## Economy
In 1997, Samara Oblast became ane o the few regions tae receive the appruival o the Preses o Roushie tae implement external bondit loans (Presidential decree № 1212, datit 12.10.1997 “On Creating Conditions to Conduct Loans Operations on the Internal and External Capital Markets”).

## Govrenment

Govrenors:
*Konstantin Titov (1991—2007)
*Vladimir Artyakov (syne 2007)

## Sister destrict
* Győr-Moson-Sopron Coonty, Hungary.

## References

## Freemit airtins

* Offeecial wabsteid o Samara Oblast 
*Leet o the map resources o Samara an Samara Oblast 
*PolitSamara - newspaper
Samara (disambiguation)

**Samara** micht refer tae:

## Geography
*Samara, a ceety on the eastren bank o the Volga River, Roushie
*Samara Oblast, a federal subject o Roushie
*Samara, auld name o the Somme River, Fraunce

## See an aw
*Samarra, an auncient ceety in Iraq
Razavi Khorasan Province

**Razavi Khorasan Province** (, *Ostān-e Khorāsān-e Rażavī* ) is a province locatit in northeastren Iran. Mashhad is the centre an caipital o the province. 

Ither ceeties an tounships are Ghouchan, Dargaz, Chenaran, Sarakhs, Fariman, Torbat-e Heydarieh, Torbat-e Jam, Taybad, Khaf, Roshtkhar, Kashmar, Bardaskan, Nishapur, Sabzevar, Gonabad, Kalat, Khalil Abad an Mahvalat.

Razavi Khorasan is ane o the three provinces that wur creatit efter the diveesion o Khorasan in 2004.

## See an aw
*Khorasan Province
*Greater Khorasan
*Sooth Khorasan Province
*North Khorasan Province
*History o Iran

## References

## Freemir airtins

*The text o the law for diveesion o Khorasan intae three provinces (in Persian) 
*Cultural Heritage Foundation o Khorasan 
*/Razavi Khorasan Province cooprative office 
*/Razavi Khorasan Province cooprative office  (in Persie)
Ardabil Province

**Ardabil Province** (, *Ostān-e Ardabīl* ) is ane o the 31 provinces o Iran.  It is in the northwast o the kintra, borderin the Republic o Azerbaijan an the provinces o East Azerbaijan, Zanjan, an Gilan. Its centre is the ceety o Ardabil.  The province wis established in 1993 frae the eastren pairt o East Azerbaijan an the northren pairt o Gilan. 

## Climate an geography

Mony tourists come tae the region for its ceul climate (max 35 °C) durin the hot simmer months. The winters are bitter cauld, wi temperaturs plummetin tae -25°C.

Its famous natural region is the Sabalan muntains. The population of Ardabil province is mainly composed o Azeris, Talysh, Tats  an Persians. The province is considered the cauldest province in Iran bi mony. Lairge pairts o the province are green an forestit.

Famous athletes such as Ali Daei an Hossein Rezazade are oreeginally frae Ardabil.

Ardabil's caipital staunds aboot 70&nbsp;km frae the Caspian Sea an haes an aurie o 18011&nbsp;km². Neighbourin the Caspian Sea an the Republic o Azerbaijan, the ceety is o great poleetical an economic significance.
The province haes been blessed wi splendid natural beauty an numerous sichts.

## History

The natural features o the province o Ardabil are mentioned in the Avesta, accordin tae which Zoroaster wis born bi the river Aras an wrote his beuk in the Sabalan Muntains. Durin the Islamic conquest o Iran, Ardabil wis the lairgest ceety in Azerbaijan, an remained so till the Mongol invasion period. 

Shah Ismail I stairtit his campaign tae naitionalize Iran's govrenment an laund frae here, but consequently annooncit Tabriz as his caipital in 1500CE. Yet Ardabil remained an important ceety baith poleetically an economically till modren times.

## Admeenistrative diveesions
The province is dividit intae 10 coonties: Ardabil, Bilasavar, Germi, Khalkhal, Kowsar, Meshginshahr, Namin, Sarein, Nir, an Parsabad. Destrict o Arasbaran wis transferred tae the province o Ardabil frae East Azerbaijan in 2010 an nou appears on the mair recent maps o Ardabil Province producit bi the Iranian offeecial organs.

## References

## Freemit airtins
*[http://www.ardabil.net  steid o ardebil
Nukus

**Nukus** (; ; ) is the saxt-lairgest ceety in Uzbekistan, an the caipital o the autonomous Karakalpakstan Republic. It haes a population o 312,100 (2018 estimate). The Amu Darya river passes wast o the toun.

The ceety is best kent for its warld-class Nukus Museum o Airt.

## History

Nukus developed frae a sma dounset in 1932 intae a lairge, modren Soviet ceety wi broad avenues an big public biggins bi the 1950s. The ceety's isolation made it host tae the Red Airmy's Chemical Research Institute, a major research an testin centre for chemical warfare wappens.

## Environmental concerns

Wi the faw o the Soviet Union an the growin environmental disaster o the Aral Sea, the ceety's situation haes deterioratit. Contamination o the surroondin aurie bi wind-borne salt an pesticides frae the dry Aral Sea bed hae turned the surroondin aurie intae a wasteland, wi vera heich rates o respiratory disorders, cancer, birth defects an deformities.

## Sights

Nukus is host tae the Nukus Museum o Airt (kent as the State Airt Museum o the Republic o Karakalpakstan an aw, named efter Igor V. Savitsky) an State Museum. The State Museum hooses the uisual collection o airtifacts recovered frae airchaeological investigations, traditional jewelry, costumes an muisical instruments, but mair interestingly, displays o the aurie's nou vanished or endangered flora an fauna, an on the Aral Sea issue. The Airt Museum is notit for its collection o modren Roushie an Uzbek airt frae 1918-1935. Stalin tried his best tae eliminate aw non Soviet airt frae this period, an sent maist o the airtists tae the gulag. Baith Savitsky hissel an the collection at Nukus survived acause o the ceety's remoteness.

Nukus is hame tae the Progress Center an aw, Central Asie's finest Inglis-leid institute. Hoosed in a umwhile Komsomol meetin haw, the institute haes received major fundin frae UNICEF.

## Climate
Nukus experiences a desert climate (Köppen *BWk*) wi simmers that are lang, dry an vera het, an winters that are short, tho quite cauld.

## Notes

## Relatit pages
*Nukus Museum o Airt
*Nukus Airport

## Freemit airtins

* Nukus Online
* Forum o Karakalpakstan 
* WEB-resources aboot or from Nukus
* Picturs o Nukus
Mazandaran Province

**Mazandaran Province** (, *Ostān-e Māzandarān* )  is a Caspian province in the north o Iran. Locatit on the soothren coast o the Caspian Sea, it is bordered clockwise bi the Golestan, Semnan, Tehran, Alborz, Qazvin, an Gilan provinces.

Mazandaran is ane o the maist densely populatit provinces in Iran an haes diverse natural resources, especially lairge reservoirs o ile an natural gas. The province's five lairgest coonties are Sari, Behshahr, Babol, Amol an Qaemshahr. Foondit as province in 1937, Mazandaran wis declared the seicont modren province efter neighbourin Gilan.

## References
Sooth Khorasan Province

**Sooth Khorasan Province** ( *Ostān-e Khorāsān-e Jonūbī* ) is a province locatit in eastren Iran. Birjand is the centre o the province. The ither major ceeties are Ferdows an Qaen. 

Sooth Khorasan Province consists o 8 coonties: Birjand, Boshruyeh, Ferdows, Qaen, Sarayan, Nehbandan, Darmian an Sarbisheh.

Sooth Khorasan is ane the three provinces that wur creatit efter the diveesion o Khorasan in 2004.

## Freemit airtins
* The text of the law for division of Khorasan into three provinces (in Persian) 
* Cultural Heritage Foundation of Khorasan
Türkmenbaşy

**Türkmenbaşy**, or **Turkmenbashi** in anglifee'd spellin, literally "Heid o aw Turkmens," is a term coined bi Saparmurat Niyazov that wis uised in several contexts:

*A title Niyazov bestoued upon hissel durin his lifetime term as Preses o Turkmenistan frae 1991 tae 2006

* The name o several ceeties in Turkmenistan renamed bi Niyazov, the lairgest o which is Türkmenbaşy, Balkan Province, umwhile kent bi the Russian name *Krasnovodsk*.

* The Turkmen name for the month o Januar, renamed bi Niyazov in 2002; see Renamin o Turkmen months an days o week, 2002.
Türkmenbaşy, Turkmenistan

**Türkmenbaşy** (an aa spelled **Turkmenbashi**), umwhile kent as **Krasnovodsk** () an mair properly **Kyzyl-Su**, is a ceety in Balkan Province in Turkmenistan, on the Krasnovodsk Gulf o the Caspian Sea. It is locatit at latitude 40.0231 North; longitude 52.9697 East, at an altitude o 27 meters. The population (est 2004) wis 86,800, maistly ethnic Roushies an Azeris. As the terminus o the Trans-Caspian Railway, it wis an important transportation center.

## History
In 1717, Roushie Prince Alexander Bekovich-Cherkassky landit an established a secret fortifee'd dounset on this location, whaur the dry bed o a umwhile mooth o the Amu-Darya River ance emptied intae the Caspian Sea. His intent wis tae mairch an airmy up this dry riverbed an conquer the Khanate o Khiva. The expedeetion failed, an the Roushies abandoned the dounset for ower 150 years.

In 1869, the Roushies made a seicont an latest attempt. Thay named thair fort **Krasnovodsk** (Красноводск), which is the Roushie version o the oreeginal name, **Kyzyl-Su** (Red Watter). Krasnovodsk wis Imperial Roushie's base o operations against Khiva an Bukhara, an the nomadic Turkmen tribes. It fell tae the Red Airmy in Februar 1920. 

In 1993, Krasnovodsk wis renamed bi Preses for Life Saparmurat Niyazov, efter his sel-proclaimed title *Türkmenbaşy* ("Leader o aw Turkmen"). Niyazov's successor Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedow pledged, in Julie 2007, tae invest ane billion dollars intae a project slatit tae turn Türkmenbaşy intae a major tourist resort – the centre o the Avaza Tourist Zone wi 60 modren hotels tae be biggit alang a 16&nbsp;km stretch o the Caspian Sea shoreline.

## Economy an transport

Türkmenbaşy is Turkmenistan's anerlie port an sea link tae the Wast. A ferry service connects Türkmenbaşy tae Baku, Azerbaijan. It is the wastren terminus o the Trans-Caspian railway, which connects the ceety tae Turkmenistan's caipital Ashgabat an pynts further east. The ceety is an aa connectit tae Ashgabat bi bus an bi Turkmenistan Airlines.

Wastren Turkmenistan haes major petroleum an natural gas reserves, an Turkmenistan's lairgest ile refinery is in Türkmenbaşy.

## Sichts

* Museum o Regional History
* Gate tae umwhile Krasnovodsk fort
* Beaches
* Khazar Nature Reserve
* Natural History Museum

## References

## Freemit airtins

* MSN Map - elevation = 25m
Khasansky Destrict

**Khasansky Destrict** () is an admeenistrative an municipal destrict (raion) o Primorsky Krai, Roushie; ane o the twinty-twa in the krai. It is locatit in the soothren portion o the krai, wedged atween the Tumen River an the Peter the Great Gulf. The aurie o the destrict is 4,130.0 square kilometres (1,594.6 sq mi). Its admeenistrative center is the urban locality (an urban-type settlement) o Slavyanka. Destrict's population: 35,610 (2010 est.); 37,459 (2002 Census); 43,709 (1989 Census). Population o Slavyanka accoonts for 40.2% o the destrict's population.

A significant pairt o the aurie is protectit bi the laws o Roushie. The natur reserves include ''Kedrovaya Pad'', established tae pertect the rare ainimals o Sooth Primorye sic as Amur Leopard, Siberian tiger, an Siberian Musk Deer; an the Far Eastern Marine Nature Preserve (1978), protectin the unnerwatter warld o the Peter the Great Gulf, includin mair nor 2,000&nbsp;species o invertebrate ainimals (lik sea cucumber), approximately 300&nbsp;fish species, an larga-seals.

Thare deposits o precious metals an construction saund, an Gusevskoye Deposit o porcelain stane that is uised bi the *Porcelain o Primorye Works* in the destrict.
Fishery an ship repair dominate the destrict's economy. Mariculture development, medical sanitary bases establishment, an heich cless tourism development are considered tae hae potential here. Agricultur is specialised in breedin o ainimals for furs.

Thare are several sea ports: Posyet, Zarubino, an Slavyanka, wi transport passages tae Fowkrepublic o Cheenae an North Korea. The urban-type settlement o Khasan, Primorsky Krai near Lake Khasan haes a mairch crossin atween Roushie an North Korea.

## Province pairtnership
* Sokcho, Republic o Korea

## References

## Sources
*
*
Cockney

The term **Cockney** haes baith geographical an linguistic associations. Geographically an culturally, it aften refers tae wirkin class Lunnoners, pairticularly those in the East End. Linguistically, it refers tae the form o Inglis spoken bi this group.
Ville Sorvali

**Ville Sorvali** (born Aprile 13, 1980 in Helsinki, Finland) is a Finnish muisicker an muisic jurnalist. He is the vocalist, bass guitarist an lyricist for the Finnish pagan metal baund Moonsorrow. His cousin Henri "Trollhorn" Sorvali is the rhythm guitarist an main sangwriter.

He speaks fluent Finnish an Inglis, an personally admits tae speakin "fairly poor" Swadish. He is currently playin in the baunds Human Death an Lakupaavi. Ither baunds he haes played in include Amoral an May Withers. He haes haed nae muisical education. His idols include Alan Averill o Erse black metal baund Primordial, an Thomas Väänänen o the Swadish viking metal baund Thyrfing.

## References
Henri Sorvali

**Henri "Trollhorn" Sorvali**, born October 19, 1978, in Helsinki, Finland, is a Finnish muisicker who is the guitarist an keybuirdist o the pagan metal baund Moonsorrow, an keybouidist for Finntroll, an an aa plays for The Wicked.

He an aa played keybuirds on a few occasional gigs wi The Rasmus in the late 90's.  He haes an aa played in baunds cried Thunderdogs an Lakupaavi (a side project done as a joke bi members o Moonsorrow), an played as a session muisickern on Ensiferum's sel-titled debut album.

Sorvali gets inspiration frae baunds lik Anthrax, Bal-Sagoth, Bathory, Cannibal Corpse, Darkthrone, Helheim, Maze o Torment, Merciless an Thyrfing.  His idols are Frank Zappa, Danny Elfman, an Jeremy Soule.

He is the cousin o Ville Sorvali, bassist an frontman o Moonsorrow. He haes an aa wirked as a muisic teacher in the Sibelius-lukio (Sibelius Heich Schuil) in Helsinki.

## References
Tarja Halonen

**Tarja Kaarina Halonen** (; born 24 December 1943) wis the 11t Preses o Finland, servin frae 2000 tae 2012. The first female tae hauld the office, Halonen haed previously been a member o the parliament frae 1979 tae 2000 when she resigned efter her election tae the presidency. In addition tae her poleetical career she haed a lang an extensive career in trade unions an different nan-govrenmental organisations.

Halonen is a graduate o the University o Helsinki, where she studied law frae 1963 tae 1968. She wis active in student politics an served as the Social Affairs Secretary an Organization Secretary o the Naitional Union o Students frae 1969 tae 1970. In 1971 she joined the Social Democratic Pairty an wirked as a lawyer in the Central Organisation o Finnish Trade Unions till she wis electit tae parliament in 1979.

Halonen servit in the parliament o Finland for sax terms, frae 1979 tae 2000, representin the constituency o Helsinki. She an aa haed a lang career in the ceety cooncil o Helsinki, servin there frae 1977 tae 1996. She stairtit her campaign for the presidency at the beginnin o 1999 efter Preses Martti Ahtisaari announced that he wad no staund for a seicont term in the office. She easily wan her pairty's nomination, an eventually got 40% o the votes in the first roond o the presidential elections, an 51.6% in the seicont, thus defeatin the Centre Pairty's Esko Aho an becomin the 11t preses o Finland.

Durin the time o her presidency she haes been extremely popular amang Finns: her appruival ratins rose an reached a peak o 88% in December 2003. Even though her ratins wur so guid, she wis no re-electit in the first roond in the next presidential elections in 2006. She beat Naitional Coalition Pairty candidate Sauli Niinistö in the seicont roond bi 51.8% against 48.2%. Ineligible tae run in the 2012 presidential elections due tae term limits, Halonen left office on 1 Mairch 2012.

## References
Clydebank

**Clydebank** (Scots Gaelic: *Bruaich Chluaidh*) is a toon in Wast Dunbartonshire, Scotland. Lyin oan the north bank o the River Clyde, Clydebank wis made a borough in 1886. In 2001, 30,000 fowk bided in the toon.

## References
Dumbarton

**Dumbarton** or **Dumbairton** ( or ) is a toun in Wast Dunbartonshire, Scotland. The toun ligs on the northren bank o the River Clyde whaur the River Leven flows intae the Firth o Clyde. In 2006 it haed aboot 19,990 indwallers.

## Etymologie
The toun has monie Scots spellins in use includin Dumbarton, Dumbairton, Dumbartoun an Dumbertan. The nem comes frae the Scots Gaelic *Dùn Breatainn* meinin "fort o the Britons".

## Historie
Dumbarton Castle, liggin oan the tap o Dumbarton Rock, is a historic stranghauld an wis lang the seat o pouer in the area. Due tae this fort an it's place on the River Clyde, Dumbarton wis the heidtoun o the auncient Kinrik o Strathclyde that covert a muckle pairt o the wastren Scots Lawlands at it's heicht. The toun wis the centre o govrenance fur the historic coontie o Dunbartonshire an a ryal burgh frae 1222 till 1975 an aw. 

## Industry
Frae the 19t yeirhunder the toun wis a centre o ship-biggin, gless-makkin an whiskie-makkin. Thae industries hae dwinnlt syne, an Dumbarton is mair an mair a commuter toun for fowk wirkin in Glesga, 13 mile awa tae the sooth-east. 

## Sports
The toun haes a fitba team, cried Dumbarton F.C. that plays in Scottish League Ane, the third tier o the Scottish Professional Football League.

## Referenses
Wasp

A **wasp** is for ordinar ony insect o the order *Hymenoptera* an suborder *Apocrita* that is neather a bee nor an eemock.
Eemock

**Eemocks** is eusocial beasties o the faimily **Formicidae** and, alang wi the relatit wasps and bees, belangs the order Hymenoptera. Eemocks evolved frae wasp-like forebeirs in the Cretaceous period, aboot 140 million years syne, and diversified efter the rise o flouerin plants. Mair nor 12,500 o aboot 22,000 speshies haes been clessifee'd. Thay are easy identified by thair elbaed antennae and the distinctive node-like structur that forms thair sclender waists.

Eemocks forms colonies that ranges in size frae a twa-three dizzen predatory individuals leevin in smaw naitural cavities tae gey and organised colonies that micht occupy lairge territories and consist o millions o individuals. Bigger colonies is makkit up o various castes o sterile, weengless females, and maist o thaim is wirkers (ergates), as weel as sodgers (dinergates) and ither specialised groups. Forby, nearhaund aa eemock colonies haes some fertile males cryed "drones" (aner) and ane or mair fertile females cryed "queens" (gynes). The colonies is descrived as superorganisms acause the eemocks appears tae operate as the ae entity, collectively wirkin thegither tae support the colony.

Eemocks haes colonised nearhaund ilka laundmass on Yird. The anely places wantin indigenous eemocks is Antarcticae and a twa-three remote or inhospitable islands. Eemocks thrives in maist ecoseestems and micht mak up 15–25% o the terrestrial ainimal biomass. Thair success in a wheen o environments haes been attributit tae thair social organisation and thair abeelity tae chynge habitats, tap resoorces, an defend thairsels. Thair lang co-evolution wi ither species haes led tae meemetic, commensal, parasitic, and mutualistic relationships.

Eemock societies haes diveesion o labour, communication atween individuals, and can figgur oot haurd problems. Thir parallels wi human societies haes lang been a inspiration and subject o study. A lot o human culturs maks uiss o eemocks in cuisine, medication, an reetuals. Some species is vailyie'd in thair role as biological pest control augents. Thair abeelity tae exploit resoorces micht bring eemocks intae conflict wi humans, houiver, seein as thay can skaithe craps an invade biggins. Some species, siclike as the reid importit fire eemock (*Solenopsis invicta*), is regairdit as invasive species, estaiblishin thairsels in airts whaur thay hae been introduced in a mistak.

## References
Bee

**Bees** is fleein insects gey sib tae wasps an eemocks, an is kent for bein pollinators an for makkin hinnie an beeswaux.

**[[Bum-bee]]s** or **bummlers** is sindry species o bee in the genus *Bombus* sic as the white airsie (*Bombus lucorum*), (*Bombus terrestris*) or (*Bombus vestalis*), the reid airsie (*Bombus lapidaries*), the foggie-bee (*Bombus muscorum*), the brounie (*Bombus pascuorum*) an the gairy-bee (*Bombus hortorum*).

The **foggie-bee** (*Bombus muscorum*) is a bum-bee that for ordinar bides on muirs an mosses. It nests on the grund. Kent as the a foggie-bummer, foggie-toddler or foggie-tyke an aw.

The **gairy-bee** (*Bombus hortorum*) is a bum-bee that’s black an yellae strippit.

**Skep-bees** is bees o the *genus Apis* that’s keepit for makkin hinnie.

**Yirdie-bees**, o the faimily *Andrenidae*, is bees that haes a nest unner the grund.
Harald Nævdal

**Harald Nævdal**, born 6 Julie 1970, kent bi his stage names **Demonaz Doom Occulta** an **Demonaz**, is a Norse hivy metal muisicker maist recognized a guitarist an chief leericist for the Norse black metal baund Immortal.

## Biography
In Immortal, he is kent for his leerics which, unconventionally for black metal, focus on icy landscapes an a fictional land cried Blashyrkh. The story o Blashyrkh is gradually tauld throughoot Immortal's albums. When writin leerics he aften takes lang walks in the Norse kintraside near his hametoun o Bergen for inspiration. He wis kent for his simplistic but extremely fast guitar pairts which wur aaways based aroond pouer chords. Wi Abbath, he formed the core o Immortal till 1997, wi members fluctuatin itherwise an little stability till Horgh joined the baund in 1997.

Demonaz played guitar on the albums *[[Diabolical Fullmoon Mysticism]]*, *[[Pure Holocaust]]* and *[[Battles in the North]]*, wi his last muisical contribution tae Immortal being the 1997 album *[[Blizzard Beasts]]*. That same year, he wis diagnosed wi acute tendinopathy, an coud nae langer play guitar at the speed required for Immortal. Instead, he continues tae write leerics for Immortal an aften takes the role o manager. He aften accompanies the baund on tour an is still seen bi Abbath, Horgh an Apollyon as a member o the baund even though it is unlikely he will iver be able tae play guitar again as pairt o the baund.

Demonaz haes appeared in aw o Immortal's muisic videos, includin the muisic video for All Shall Fall, which wis released in September 2010.

Demonaz haes stairtit a baund cried Demonaz whaur he is the vocalist. The baund an aa includes maist o the members o the baund I. He wrote the lyrics for the I album Between Two Worlds. He haes released his debut album. March of the Norse, in Aprile/Mey 2011.

## Diskography
### [[Immortal (baund)|Immortal]]
* *[[Diabolical Fullmoon Mysticism]]* (1992)
* *[[Pure Holocaust]]* (1993)
* *[[Battles in the North]]* (1995)
* *[[Blizzard Beasts]]* (1997)
* *[[True Kings of Norway]]* (spilt album, 2000)
### Amputation
* *[[Achieve The Mutilation]]*
* *[[Slaughtered in the Arms of God]]*
### [[I (baund)|I]]
* *[[Betwueen Two Worlds]]*
### Demonaz
* *[[March of the Norse]]* (2011)
## Freemit airtins
* 
* Offeecial wabsteid o Immortal
* Immortal Blashyrkh Kingdom - Roushie Tribute Wabsteid
Auld Kilpaitrick

**Auld Kilpatrick** (, meinin "Patrick's kirk") is a veilage in Wast Dunbartonshire, Scotland. It ligs oan the north bank o the River Clyde juist til the north o the Forth an Clyde Canal, thrie mile frae Clydebank oan the road ti Dumbairton. Til the Wast is Bowlin, til the North is the Kilpatrick Hills. 

The veilage's Gaelic name cums frae a fowktale that Saunt Patrick wis born thar an Saunt Patrick's Wall is in the aurie. The "Auld" pairt o the name cums frae 1649, whan Kilpatrick parochine wis sindert in twa; New (Eister) Kilpatrick parochine kirk wis biggit in Bearsden an the kirk o Kilpatrick becam the "Auld" kirk. 

## Roman fort
The wastren end o the Antonine Waw wis at Auld Kilpatrick (the eistren end, 59&nbsp;km awa, wis at Brigness on the Firth o Forth). The waw itsel haed been dichtit but the gate wis scanced durin the 18t yeirhunder an follaed til the Chaipil Hill whaur sindrie Roman airtifaks war foond.

Whan the Forth an Clyde Canal wis bein howkit in 1790 the wrak o a Roman bathhouss wis foond. In 1913 the larach o a fort wis foond anaw. Houaniver it wis no till 1923 that mukkil airkeologie wis unnertaen, whilk estaiblisht the girst an kynd o the fort. Biggit aboot 81 CE, it ocupee'd an aurie o aboot fower akers wi an ooter defensive waw. Biggins inower the waw included a praetorium (heidsteid), barraks an a grange. Mukkil development stappit forder howkin, an nocht o the wraks can be seen the-day. Thay lig anaith the houses o Gavinburn Gairdins til the eist, a mukkil commercial biggin til the wast an the A814 road til the north.

## References
Oruro, Bolivie

**Oruro** is a ceety in Bolivie wi a population o 235,393 (2010 calculation), locatit aboot equidistant atween La Paz an Sucre at approximately 3710 meters abuin sea level. It is the caipital o the depairtment o Oruro. The ceety wis named efter the native tribe "Uru-Uru".

## History
The ceety wis first foondit on November 1, 1606 bi Don Manuel Castro de Padilla. as a siller minin centre in the Urus region. At the time, it wis named Real Villa de San Felipe de Austria efter the Spainyie monarch, Philip III. It wis eventually abandoned as the siller mines became exhausted. Oruro wis reestablished in the late nineteent century, as a tin minin center. For a time, the La Salvadora tin mine wis the maist important soorce o tin in the warld. Gradually, this resoorce wis an aa exhaustit, an Oruro again went intae a decline. The ceety daes manage, housomeivver, tae attract tourists tae its carnival, the Carnaval de Oruro, considered ane o the great folkloric events in Sooth Americae for its masked "diablada".

The ceety is the seat o the Roman Catholic Diocese o Oruro. The Oruro Symphony Orchestra is based in Oruro. Aymara painter an prentmakker Alejandro Mario Yllanes (1913–1960) wis born here.

## Climate
The ceety o Oruro lies north o the salty lakes Uru-Uru an Poopó an it is juist three oors (bi bus) sooth frae La Paz. Locatit at an altitude o 3709 meters abuin sea level, Oruro its weel kent for its cauld wather. Warmer temperaturs generally tak place durin August, September an October, efter the worst o the winter chills an afore the simmer rains. Frae Mey tae early Julie, nicht time temperaturs combined wi ceul wind can bring the temperatur doun tae aboot -20&nbsp;°C. Simmers are warmer, but despite the fact o bein an arid aurie, thare's quite a lot o rainfaw atween November an Mairch.

## Main attractions
*Museo Patiño, umwhile residence o "tin baron" Simón Iturri Patiño
*Museo Mineralógico (Mineralogical Museum): haes exhibits o precious stanes, minerals, an fossils
*Museo Etnográfico Minero (Ethnographical Minin Museum): hoosed in a mine tunnel, depicts methods o Bolivie minin
*Museo Nacional Antropológico Eduardo López Rivas (Naitional Anthropological Museum): displays tuils an information on the Chipayas an Urus tribes an Carnaval de Oruro.
*Kirks: Catedral Nuestra Señora de la Asunción, Santuario de la Virgen del Socavón, Iglesia de Cunchupata
*Inti Raymi, a mine

## Sister ceeties
*  Santa Cruz, Argentinae 
*  San Cristóbal, Venezuela 
*  Copiapó, Chile
*  Arica, Chile
*  Iquique, Chile
*  Puno, Peru
*  Salt Lake Ceety, Unitit States

## References


## Freemit airtins

* Oruro's full information aboot hotels, history, carnival, tourism, pictures, videos, an news.  
*Weather in Oruro 
*Carnaval de Oruro 
* Oruro's Carnival  
* Oruro's Carnival 
*Oruro
Oruro

**Oruro** mey refer tae:

* Oruro, Bolivie - caipital o the Bolivie Oruro Depairtment
* Oruro Depairtment - ane o nine depairtments in Bolivie
Orinoca

**Orinoca** is a smaw toun in the Bolivie Oruro Depairtment.

Orinoca haes 163 indwallers (2001) an is the admeenistrative centre o Orinoca Canton. It is locatit at , 3,788 m abuin sea-level, 185&nbsp;km sooth o the depairtment's caipital, Oruro, an 20&nbsp;km wast o Poopó Lake.

Orinoca is accessible bi road, an a bus service that serves the toun twice a week.

The veelage o Isallawi in the Orinoca Canton is the birthplace o Evo Morales, Bolivie's Preses.

References

## Freemit airtins
*Detailed province map
Tlemcen Province

**Tlemcen** () is a province (*[[wilaya]]*) in northwastren Algerie. The Tlemcen National Park is locatit there.

## Admeenistrative diveesions
The province is dividit intae 20 destricts (*[[daïra]]s*), which are further dividit intae 53 ''communes'' or municipalities.

### Destricts

# Aïn Talout
# Bab El Assa
# Bensekrane
# Béni Boussaïd
# Béni Snous
# Chatouane
# Felaoucene
# Ghazaouet
# Hennaya
# Houanaine Destrict (Honaine)
# Maghnia
# Mansourah
# Marsa Ben M'Hidi
# Nedroma
# Ouled Mimoun
# Remchi
# Sabra
# Sebdou
# Sidi Djillali
# **[[Tlemcen Destrict|Tlemcen]]**

### Communes

# Ain Fetah (Ain Fettah)
# Ain Fezza
# Ain Ghoraba
# Ain Kebira
# Ain Nehala
# Ain Tellout (Ain Tallout)
# Ain Youcef
# Amieur
# Azails
# Bab El Assa
# Beni Bahdel
# Beni Boussaid
# Beni Mester
# Beni Ouarsous
# Beni Rached
# Beni Smiel (Beni Semiel)
# Beni Snous
# Bensekrane
# Bouhlou
# Chetouane
# Dar Yaghmoricene (Dar Yaghmouracene)
# Djebala
# El Aricha
# El Bouihi (Bouihi)
# El Fehoul
# El Gor
# Fellaoucene
# Ghazaouet
# Hammam Boughrara
# Hennaya
# Honaine (Houanaine)
# Maghnia
# Mansourah
# Marsa Ben Mhidi (Marsa Ben M'Hidi)
# Msirda Fouaga
# Nedroma
# Oued Chouli (Oued Chouly)
# Ouled Mimoun
# Ouled Riyah
# Remchi
# Sabra
# Sebaa Chioukh (Sebbaa Chioukh)
# Sebdou
# Sidi Abdelli
# Sidi Djilali (Sidi Djillali)
# Sidi Medjahed
# Souahlia
# Souani
# Souk Thlata (Souk Tleta, Souk Tlata)
# Terni Beni Hediel (Terny Beni Hediel, Tirni Beni Hediel)
# Tianet
# **[[Tlemcen]]**
# Zenata

## References
Rameh

**Rameh** (; ; also spelled **ar-Rame** or **ar-Rama**) is a local cooncil in the North Destrict o Israel. It is entirely populatit bi Arabs, o whom aroond 51% are Christian, 29% Druze, an a further 20% Muslim. The toun is locatit five kilometers east o the ceeties o Shaghur an Karmiel.

## History
Edward Robinson identifees Rameh wi the auncient Ramah o Asher (Joshua 19,29), citin its location an auncient sarcophagi discovered on a hill ootside the veelage as evidence. Rameh wis a major toun durin the rule o the Crusaders.

Accordin tae local tradition, the modren toun o Rameh wis foondit in the 17t century. It wis ane o the lairgest veelages in the Galilee durin the period o Ottoman Empire control. In 1923, Rameh became the first veelage in Palestine tae receive sel-govrenin status grantit bi the Breetish Mandate an haed the lairgest olive orchards in the aurie. It was granted permission to self-govern through a village council. It wis captured bi Haganah forces in 1948, becomin a pairt o Israel, an later achievin local cooncil status in 1954.

## See an aw
* Leet o Arab localities in Israel

## References
Ayr

**Ayr** (, Mooth o the River Ayr) is a toun an port lyin oan the Firth o Clyde in sooth-wast Scotland. Wi aboot 46,000 fowk, Ayr is the mucklest toun in Ayrshire, an haes been a ryal burgh syne 1205. Ayr is the centre o govrenment fur Sooth Ayrshire.

Tae the north o Ayr is the toun o Prestwick, kenspeckle fae gowf an planes, as its hame tae Glesga Prestwick Internaitional Airport. Allowa is in the area an aa, kent fae the makar Robert Burns.

In 2002, Ayr wis ane o fower Scots touns vyin fur city status tae mark the Queen's Golden Jubilee, but lost oot tae Stirlin.

## History
In 1197, King William the Lion ordert that a new castle be biggit atween the River Ayr an the River Doon. It is believit that the castle wis a widden structur biggit aroond Montogomerie Terrace. Ayr wis later estaiblisht as a ryal burgh an mercat toun on 21 Mey 1205 bi King William the Lion.

On April 26, 1315, the first Scots Pairlament wis haudit in Ayr bi Robert the Bruce at St. John's Touer bi the sea. It wis aince kent as 'Inverair/Inverayr' an this uisage is aye kept in the Scots Gaelic form o the nam *Inbhir Air*.

Oliver Cromwell biggit a muckle waw aroond the toun, maist o whilk can aye be seen the day. St John's Touer, in that airt, wis aince pairt o a muckle kirk, but it wis knockit doon, an the touer is nou protectit by the "Freens O Saunt Johns Touer" (FROST).

The formation o the Kinrick o Great Britain throu the Acts o Union 1707 providit Ayr wi gey treddin opportunities an impruivements tae the toun's infrastructur, wi Ayr's textile, oo, linen an shaemakkin industries thrivin as a result. A smaw lichthoose wis biggit on the River Ayr in 1712, follaed bi a quay in 1713. Repairs tae the toun's Harbour an High Tolbooth teuk place atween 1724 an 1726, wi fundin providit bi the Convention o Ryal Burghs. Street lichtin wis instawed aroond the toun centre in 1747.

## References
Porthleven

**Porthleven** is a toun, ceevil parish an fishin port in Cornwall, Unitit Kinrick, near Helston. It is the maist sootherly port on the island o Great Breetain an wis oreeginally developed as a harbour o refuge, when this pairt o the Cornish coastline wis recognised as a black spot for wrecks in days o sail. Nearbi Loe Bar wis pairticularly infamous, wi swimmers an surfers being warned aff the aurie tae this day.

## History an geografie
Historically an for local-govrenment purposes, Porthleven wis includit athin the toun bundaries o nearbi Helston. Efter years o growth, it nou haes its awn toun cooncil. Its population in 2001 recordit bi the UK census
was 3,190.

Includin tourists an surfers wad swell that number considerably. Porthleven haes exploitit its location an exposur tae pouerful swells tae become ane o the best-kent an heichlie-regardit surfin spots in Breetain. Waves regularly exceedin 2 metres break on the shallae reef that wis shaped bi blastin the harbour. Due tae the prevailin wasterly winds it wis vera easy for a ship unner sail tae become entrapped athin the bay an be cast up on the rocks which made up the sma fishin coves o Mullion, Kynance an the Lizard.

Arguably, Porthleven's maist recognisable biggin is the Bickford-Smith Institute which is next tae the pier an harbour entrance. Wi a touer o aboot 70 fuit in heicht, it haes the appearance o a kirk but currently is uised as a snooker club an hooses the toun cooncil offices. It featured (alang wi various ither scenes frae the toun) as the incident room in an episode o the TV detective series Wycliffe.

The Royal National Lifeboat Institution stationed a lifeboat at Portleven in 1863. A boat hoose wis built at Breageside frae whaur the boat wis taken tae the water on a carriage. A new boat hoose on the wast side o the harbour entrance wis opened in 1894 wi a slipway tae mak launchin easier. The station wis closed in 1929 as the neighbourin stations at The Lizard an Penlee haed been equipped wi motor lifeboats that coud cover the whole o Mount's Bay. The slipway wis dismantled an the boat hoose saw uise as a store for a while but haes syne become the Shipwreck Centre museum.

## Notable residents
Porthleven wis the birthplace o the Victorian theologian an releegious writer Pender Hodge Cudlip.

Porthleven wis the hame toun o the Dambusters' Commandin Officer, Guy Gibson, an there is a road named in his memory. Umwhile motor racin driver Chris Craft - who competed in the 24 Hours of Le Mans race for ower a decade, including a third-placed finish in 1976, as well as twa races in Formula Ane - wis born in Porthleven.

## Twinnin
* Gwiseni (Breetany, Fraunce)

## References

## Freemit airtins
* 
* Porthleven Sithney Guisseny Twinning Association 
* Porthleven Old Cornwall Society 
* [Cornwall Record Office Online Catalogue for Porthleven](http://crocat.cornwall.gov.uk/dserve/dserve.exe?dsqIni=Dserve.ini&dsqApp=Archive&dsqDb=Catalog&dsqCmd=Overview.tcl&dsqSearch=((text)='porthleven'))
Cummernaud

**Cummernaud** (, frae Scots Gaelic *Comar nan Allt*, meetin o the burns) is a toun in North Lanrikshire, Scotland.  The toun wis foondit as a new toun in 1956 takin owerskail fowks fae Glesga, awtho fowk hae bade thar sin Roman tyms. Aboot 50,000 fowk byd in Cummernaud the nou.

## References
Hamilton

**Hamilton** may refer tae:

## Places
*Hamiton, Inglis name for Hamiltoun, Sooth Lanrikshire, Scotland
*Hamilton, Ontario
*Hamilton, New Zealand

## Sport
*Hamilton Academical F.C.