open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Through the Eyes of the Dead

**Through the Eyes of the Dead** is an American daith metal baund frae Florence, Sooth Carolina, formed in 2003. They hae released three full-length albums, ane EP, an ane split album wi The Knife Trade.

## History
The baund wis formed bi Justin Longshore in 2003 efter the break-up o a previous group, Tellherisaidgoodbye Their first full-length album wis released in 2005 through Prosthetic Records. Shortly afore, ivery member except for Longshore an Gunnells left. The baund's influences include Morbid Angel, Cannibal Corpse (as suggestit bi the baund's name, possibly taken frae the Cannibal Corpse sang "Staring *Through the Eyes of the Dead*"), an At the Gates.

The baund haes released three records wi Prosthetic Records: Bloodlust in 2005, Malice in 2007, an Skepsis in 2010.

## Members
*Justin Longshore – Guitar (2003–Present)
*Jake Ososkie – Bass (2005–Present)
*Danny Rodriguez - Vocals (2008–Present)
*Chris Henckel - Guitar (2008–Present)
*Michael Ranne - Drums (2008–Present)

### Umwhile members
*Anthony Gunnells - vocals (2003–2007)
*Nate Johnson - vocals (2007)
*Richard Turbeville - guitar (2003–2004, 2007–2008)
*Chris Anderson - guitar (2004–2007)
*Jeff Springs - bass (2003–2005)
*Dayton Cantley - drums (2003–2005)
*Josh Kulick - drums (2005–2007)

## Discography
;Studio albums
* *[[Bloodlust (album)|Bloodlust]]* (2005)
* *[[Malice (album)|Malice]]* (2007)
* *[[Skepsis (album)|Skepsis]]* (2010)
* *[[Disomus]]* (2017)

## Freemit airtins
* 
* Official Website 

## References
Coat o airms o Sooth Ossetie

Thare are currently twa entities claimin tae be the govrenment o Sooth Ossetie, the partially-recognised **Republic o Sooth Ossetie** an the pro-Georgie **Provisional Admeenistration o Sooth Ossetie** .

## Republic o Sooth Ossetie

The naitional emblem uised bi the Govrenment o the Republic o Sooth Ossetie, adoptit in 1998, is based on the emblem o North Ossetie-Alanie, designed bi the Georgian scientist Prince Vakhushti Bagrationi in 1735.  It adds aroond that seal a border containin the Roushie text for "Republic o Sooth Ossetie", "Республика Южная Осетия" abuin the seal, an the Cyrillic Ossetic "Республикӕ Хуссар Ирыстон" belaw the seal. The colours o the banner o Sooth Ossetie, white, reid, an yellae are uised in smawer circles on either side an are seemilar tae the circle foond on the state emblem.

## Provisional Administrative Entity o Sooth Ossetie
The device o the Provisional Administrative Entity of South Ossetia is seemilar tae the emblem o North Ossetie-Alanie http://www.civilin.org/Eng/view.php?n=9  i.e. a reid disk wi a yellae snaw leopard wi black spots standin on a yellae grund an wi seiven white muntains in the backgrund. The muntains on the device seembolise the Ossetian landscape, while the persian leopard is an iconic (but nou seriously endangered) inhabitant o the Caucasus muntains.

## See an aa
* Banner o Sooth Ossetie
* Sooth Ossetie

## References
Shida Kartli

**Shida Kartli** () is a region (*[[Mkhare]]*) in Georgie. It consists o the follaein destricts: Gori, Kaspi, Kareli, Java, Khashuri.

The northren pairt o the region, namely Java, an northren territories o Kareli an Gori, (tot aurie o 1,393&nbsp;km²) is controlled bi the authorities o the sel-proclaimit republic o Sooth Ossetie syne 1992.

## See an aa
* Samachablo

## Freemit airtins
*Shida Kartli Governor Dismissed 
*Shida Kartli Ex-Governor Arrested 
*Head of Gori City Council Dismissed 
*Arrest of Officials in Gori Sparks Anger 
*Ombudsman Accuses Shida Kartli Governor of Intimidating Business 
*Ombudsman, Regional Governor at Odds over Trapped Passengers  
*Government Intensifies Anti-Smuggling Measures in Shida Kartli 
*MPs Quit Ruling Party  
*Interior Ministry Under Fire
Mae Sot

**Mae Sot** (, ; , ; , ) is a toun an the caipital o the Mae Sot Destrict in wastren Thailand that shares a border wi Myanmar tae the wast. It is notable as a trade hub an for its substantial population o Burmese migrants an refugees. The toun is pairt o the lairger Tak Province an is the main laund gatewey atween Thailand an Burma. As a result it haes an aa gained notoriety for its trade in gems an teak, as well as black mercat services sic as fowk trokin an drogs. Neeburin destricts are (frae north, clockweys): Mae Ramat, Mueang Tak an Phop Phra. The Moei River sers as a naitural border atween Mae Sot an the Burmese toun o Myawaddy.
East Timor

**East Timor**, offeecially cried **Timor-Leste**, (Tetum: **Timór-Leste**; offeecially the **Democratic Republic o Timor-Leste**) is a state in Sootheast Asie. It is makkit up o the eastren hauf o the island o Timor, the nearby islands o Atauro an Jaco, an Oecusse, an exclave  on the northwastren side o the island, athin Indonesian Wast Timor. The sma kintra o 15,410&nbsp;km² (5,400 sq&nbsp;mi) is locatit aboot 640&nbsp;km (400&nbsp;mi) northwast o Darwin, Australie.

East Timor wis colonised bi Portugal in the 16t yeirhunner, an wis kent as Portuguese Timor till Portugal's decolonisation o the kintra. In late 1975, East Timor declared its independence, but later that year wis invadit an occupied bi Indonesie an wis declared Indonesie's 27t province the follaein yeir. In 1999, follaein the Unitit Naitions-sponsored act o self-determination, Indonesie relinquisht control o the territory an East Timor becam the first new sovereign state o the 21st yeirhunner on Mey 20, 2002. East Timor is ane o anely twa predominantly Roman Catholic kintras in Asie, the ither bein the Philippines.

## References
Goguryeo

**Goguryeo** or **Koguryŏ** () wis an ancient Korean kinrick locatit in present day northren an central pairts o the Korean Peninsula, soothren Manchuria, an soothren Roushie Maritime province. 

Alang wi Baekje an Silla, Goguryeo wis ane o the Three Kinricks o Korea. Goguryeo wis an active participant in the pouer struggle for control o the Korean peninsula as well as associatit wi the foreign affairs o peer polities in Cheenae an Japan. 

The Samguk Sagi, a 12t century CE Goryeo text, indicates that Goguryeo wis foondit in 37 BCE bi Jumong, a prince frae Buyeo, although there is archaeological an textual evidence that suggests Goguryeo cultur wis in existence since the 2nt century BCE aroond the fall o Gojoseon, an earlier kinrick that an aa occupied southren Manchurie an northren Korea. 

Goguryeo wis a major dynasty in Northeast Asie till it wis defeatit bi a Silla-Tang alliance in 668 CE. Efter its defeat, its territory wis dividit amang the Tang Dynasty, Unified Silla an Balhae.

The Inglis wird "**[[Korea]]**" derives frae "**[[Goryeo]]**", which in turn wis named efter Goguryeo.
Taejo o Joseon

**Taejo o Joseon** (October 11, 1335 – May 24, 1408; r. 1392-1398), born **Yi Seong-gye**, whose chynged name is **Yi Dan**, wis the foonder an the first keeng o the Joseon Dynasty o Korea, an the main figure in owerthrowin the Goryeo Dynasty. He wis posthumously raised tae the rank o Emperor in 1899 bi Gojong, the Gwangmu Emperor, who haed proclaimed the Korean Empire in 1897.

Taejo's faither Yi Ja-chun wis a minor Mongol offeecial, but his ethnicity wis Korean. Taejo joined the Goryeo airmy an rose through the ranks, seizin the throne in 1392. He abdicatit in 1398 durin the strife atween his sons an dee'd in 1408.
Mao Zedong

**Mao Zedong**, an aa transliterated as **Mao Tse-tung**  (26 December 1893-9 September 1976), wis a Han Cheenese revolutionary, poleetical theorist an communist leader. He led the Fowkrepublic o Cheenae (PRC) frae its establishment in 1949 till his daith in 1976. His theoretical contribution tae Marxism-Leninism, military strategies, an his brand o Communist policies are nou collectively kent as Maoism.

Mao remains a controversial figure tae this day, wi a contentious an iver-evolvin legacy. He is offeecially held in hie regard in Cheenae as a great revolutionary, poleetical strategist, military mastermind, an savior o the naition. Mony Cheenese an aa believe that through his policies, he laid the economic, technological an cultural foondations o modren Cheenae, transformin the kintra frae an agrarian society intae a major warld pouer. Additionally, Mao is viewed as a poet, philosopher, an visionary, owing the latter primarily tae the cult o personality fostered durin his time in pouer. Mao's portrait continues tae be featured prominently on Tiananmen an on aw Renminbi bills.

Conversely, Mao's social-poleetical programs, such as the Great Leap Forward an the Cultural Revolution, are blamed for costin millions o lives, causin severe faimin an damage tae the cultur, society an economy o Cheenae.  Mao's policies an poleetical purges frae 1949 tae 1976 are widely believed tae hae caused the daiths o atween 40 tae 70 million fowk. Syne Deng Xiaoping assumed pouer in 1978, mony Maoist policies hae been abandoned in favour o economic reforms.

Mao is regardit as ane o the maist influential figures in modren warld history, an named bi *Time Magazine* as ane o the 100 maist important fowk o the 20t century.

## References
Citroën FAF

The **Citroën FAF** is a sma open-top automobile produced bi the French manufacturer Citroën frae 1973 till 1979, biggit an sauld in various developin an Third Warld kintras.

Lik the seemilar Citroën Méhari, the FAF derived frae the 2CV. FAF stood for the French *Facile à Fabriquer* an *Facile à Financer* (Easy tae Manufacture, Easy tae Finance). The body wis made o easy tae produce, fauldit elements an the caur leukt effectively lik a metallic version o the Méhari.

The primary target mercat for the FAF wis Africae. As its name suggests, it wis meant tae allou "easy" production, maistly in developin kintras. The idea follaed the widespread production o seemilar 2CV-based vehicles in a lairge nummer o kintras, includin Iran (Baby-Brousse, Jyane-Mehari), Vietnam (Dalat), Greece (Namco Pony), Chile (Yagan), Belgium (VanClee), Spain, Portugal an ithers (it is aften erroneously reportit that some o thir vehicles wur based on the FAF). Housomeivver, the concept o a "seicont-class" caur that wis connectit wi the FAF seems tae hae affectit its manufacture an sales that remained law, in contrast tae the success enjoyed bi some o its predecessors.

## Freemit airtins
*FAF Facile à Fabriquer, Facile à Financer
*CitCity: FAF 
*Mehari-based vehicles
Sukarno

**Sukarno**, born **Kusno Sosrodihardjo** (6 Juin 1901 – 21 Juin 1970) wis the first Preses o Indonesie.

Sukarno wis the leader o his kintra's struggle for unthirldom frae the Netherlands an wis Indonesie's first Preses frae 1945 tae 1967. He wis forced oot o pouer an replaced bi ane o his generals, Suharto, an remained unner hoose reest till his daith.

## References
Anau

**Anau** (an aa spelled **Annau**, ), Turkmenistan, caipital o Ahal Province, is a ceety 8 kilometers sootheast o Ashgabat which is connectit via the M37 hieway. Traces o habitation in the aurie date back tae 3000 B.C.

The name Anau is frae Persian ab-i nau (آب نو) meanin "New Water".http://www.stantours.com/tm_rg_ahal_am.html

## References

## Freemit airtins
*Article at the University of Pennsylvania on discovery of bronze age stamp seal
Asguard

**Asguard** wis a Belaroushie hivy metal baund frae Mogilev, active atween 1997 and 2009. Their muisic contains, elements o melodic daith metal, gothic metal an industrial metal. 

## Members
### Feenal members
*Alexander Afonchenko - Vocals, bass
*Andrey Tselobenok - Guitar
*Oleg Maslakov - Guitar
*Dmitriy Laptenok - Keyboards, electronics
*Sergey “Dead” Tselobenok - Drums

### Umwhile members
*Yuri Yurchenko - Drums (on “In The Darkness Of The Night”, “Summis Desiderantes Effectibus” & “Wikka”)
*Sergey Nickolaenko - Keyboards (on “Black Fire Land”)
*Alexander Krotov - Guitar (on “In The Darkness Of The Night”)
*Sergey Tsvikevich - Keyboards, orchestral arrangement (on “Dreamslave”)
*Tatjana Lazarjkova - Cello (on “Dreamslave”)
*Andrey Polovchenia - Vargan, bagpipe & surma (on “Dreamslave”)

## Discography
### Studio albums

### EPs

## Leeteratur
* 
## Freemit airtins
*Encyclopaedia Metallum
Deng Xiaoping

**Deng Xiaoping** (22 August 1904  19 Februar 1997) wis a Cheenese politeecian, statesman, theorist, an diplomat.  As leader o the Communist Pairty o Cheenae, Deng wis a reformer who led Cheenae towards a market economy.  While Deng niver held office as the heid o state, heid o government or General Secretary o the Communist Pairty o Cheenae (historically the hiechest position in Communist Cheenae), he nanetheless served as the paramount leader o the Fowkrepublic o Cheenae frae 1978 tae the early 1990s.

Born intae a peasant backgrund in Guang'an, Sichuan, Cheenae, Deng studied an wirkt in Fraunce in the 1920s, whaur he came unner the influence o Marxism. He joined the Communist Pairty o Cheenae in 1923. Upon his return tae Cheenae he wirkt as a political commissar in rural regions an wis considered a "revolutionary veteran" o the Long Mairch. Follaein the foondin o the Fowkrepublic o Cheenae in 1949, Deng wirkt in Tibet an ither soothwastren regions tae consolidate Communist control. He wis an aa instrumental in Cheenae's economic reconstruction follaein the Great Leap Forward in the early 1960s. His economic policies wur at odds wi the political ideologies o Chairman Mao Zedong. As a result, he wis purged twice durin the Cultural Revolution but regained prominence in 1978 bi ootmaneuverin Mao's chosen successor, Hua Guofeng.

Inheriting a kintra wrought wi social an institutional woes resultin frae the Cultural Revolution an ither mass political movements o the Mao era, Deng became the core o the "seicont generation" o Cheenese leadership. He is considered "the architect" o a new brand o socialist thinkin, haein developed Socialism wi Cheenese characteristics an led Chinese economic reform through a synthesis o theories that became kent as the "socialist market economy". Deng opened Cheenae tae foreign investment, the global market, an limitit private competition. He is generally creditit wi advancin Cheenae intae ane o the fastest growin economies in the warld for ower thirtie years an raisin the staundart o livin o hunders o millions o Cheenese.

## References
Hua Guofeng

**Su Zhu**, better kent bi the *[[Pseudonym|nom de guerre]]* **Hua Guofeng** (pinyin: Huà Guófēng; 16 Februar 1921 – 20 August 2008), wis Mao Zedong's designatit successor as the paramount leader o the Communist Pairty o Cheenae an the Fowkrepublic o Cheenae. Upon Zhou Enlai's daith in 1976, he succeedit him as the seicont Premier o the Fowkrepublic o Cheenae. Months later, Mao dee'd, an Hua succeedit Mao as the Chairman o the Communist Pairty o Cheenae, tae the surprise an dismay o Jiang Qing an the rest o the Gang o Fower. He brocht the Cultural Revolution tae an end an oostit the Gang o Fower frae political pouer, but acause o his insistence on continuin the Maoist line, he wis hissel ootmaneuvered a few years later bi Deng Xiaoping, who forced Hua intae early retirement. Hua, as Hunan Party Secretary, wis creditit for his 1968 uise o the PLA tae quell the red guards an restore order, though at the cost o mony daiths.
Antireleegion

**Antireleegion** is opposition tae releegion. Antireleegion is distinct frae atheism an antitheism (opposition tae belief in deities), awtho antireligionists mey be atheists or antitheists. The term mey be uised tae describe opposition tae organized religion, or tae describe a broader opposition tae ony form o belief in the supernatural or the divine.

## History
Accordin tae historian Michael Burleigh, antireleegion foond its first mass expression in revolutionary Fraunce in response tae organised resistance tae "organised ... irreleegion...an 'anti-clerical' an self-styled 'non-releegious' state.

The Soviet Union directit antireeeigious campaigns at aw faiths, includin Christian, Buddhist an Shamanist releegions. The govrenment destroyed kirk buildings or put them intae secular uise (as clubs or storage facilities), executit clergy, prohibitit the publication o maist releegious material an persecutit members o releegious groups. The result o this varies bi soorce, wi some determining the daith o 21 million Roushie Orthodox Christians bi the Soviet govrenment, no includin torture or ither releegious ethnicities killed, an ithers statin that up tae 500,000 Roushie Orthodox Christians wur persecutit bi the Soviet govrenment, no includin ither releegious groups.

The atheist state o Communist Albanie haed an objective for the eventual destruction o aw releegion in Albanie, includin a constitutional ban on releegious activity an propaganda. The govrenment naitionalised maist property o releegious institutions an releegious literature wis banned. Mony clergy an theists wur tried, tortured, an executit. Aw foreign Roman Catholic clergy wur expelled in 1946.

## References
Dead by April

**Dead by April** is a Swadish metal baund frae Gothenburg, which wis formit in Februar 2007. 

## Members
**Current members**
* Jimmie Strimell – vocals (2007 - present)
* Zandro Santiago - vocals (2010 - present)
* Marcus Wesslén – bass guitar (2007 - present)
* Alexander Svenningson – drums (2007 - present)
**Umwhile members**
* Johan Olsson – guitars (2007 - 2010)
* Pontus Hjelm - guitars, vocals (2007 - 2010)

## Discography
### Studio albums

### Singles

### Muisic videos

## References

## Freemit airtins
* Interview on Up Load UK 2009 
* info on new single and Skindred tour 2009
* Official Website
Omar al-Bashir

**Omar Hassan Ahmad al-Bashir** (born  1944) wis Preses o Sudan (1989-2019) an the heid o the Naitional Congress Pairty. He came tae pouer in 1989 when he, as a brigadier in the Sudanese airmy, led a group o officers in a bloodless military coup that oostit the govrenment o Prime Meenister Sadiq al-Mahdi.

In October 2004, al-Bashir's govrenment negotiatit an end tae the Seicont Sudanese Civil War, ane o the langest-runnin an deadliest wars o the 20t century, bi grantin leemitit autonomy tae Soothren Sudan dominatit bi the Sudan People's Liberation Airmy (SPLA). Syne then, housomeivver, thare haes been a violent conflict in Darfur that haes resultit in daith tolls atween 200,000 an 400,000. Durin his presidency, thare hae been several violent struggles atween the Janjaweed militia an rebel groups sic as the Sudanese Liberation Airmy (SLA) an the Justice an Equality Movement (JEM) in the form o guerrilla warfare in the Darfur region. The civil war haes resultit in ower  fowk bein displaced, an the diplomatic relations atween Sudan an Chad bein at a crisis level.

Al-Bashir is a controversial figure  baith in Sudan an Warldwide. In Julie 2008, the prosecutor o the International Criminal Court (ICC), Luis Moreno Ocampo, accuised al-Bashir o genocide, crimes against humanity an war crimes in Darfur. The court issued an arrest warrant for al-Bashir on 4 Mairch 2009 on coonts o war crimes an crimes against humanity, but ruled that thare wis insufficient evidence tae prosecute him for genocide. Houiver on 12 Julie 2010, efter a lengthy appeal bi the prosecution, the Court held that thare wis indeed sufficient evidence for chairges o genocide tae be brocht an issued a seicont warrant containin three separate coonts. The new warrant, as wi the first, will be delivered tae the Sudanese govrenment, which is unlikely tae execute it. Al-Bashir is the first sittin heid o state ever indictit bi the ICC as well as the first tae be chairged wi genocide. The court's decision is opposed bi the African Union, League o Arab States, Non-Aligned Movement, an the governments o Roushie an the Fowkrepublic o Cheenae. Ane expert haes cawed on the court tae suspend the reest warrant.

It haes been estimatit that Al-Bashir is responsible for the daiths o ower a million Sudanese.

## References
Cosgrave

**Cosgrave** is a surname, an it mey refer tae:
* Fran Cosgrave (born 1977), Erse nichtclub owner
* James Cosgrave (dee'd 1936), Erse naitionalist politeecian
* John B. Cosgrave (born 1946), heid o the mathematics depairtment o St. Patrick's College
* Lawrence Moore Cosgrave (1890–1971), Canadian signatory tae the Japanese Instrument o Surrender at the end o Warld War II
* Liam Cosgrave (1920–2017), fift Taoiseach o Ireland
* Liam T. Cosgrave (born 1956), umwhile Fine Gael politeecian in the Republic o Ireland
* Michael Joe Cosgrave (born 1938), Erse Fine Gael politeecian
* Niamh Cosgrave (born 1964), umwhile Fine Gael pairty politeecian frae Dublin, Ireland
* Philip Cosgrave (dee'd 1923), Erse Cumann na nGaedhael pairty politeecian
* W.T. Cosgrave (1880–1965), Erse politeecian
Suzuki A80

The **Suzuki A80** is a 72&nbsp;cc, twa-stroke motorcycle manufactured bi Suzuki durin the 1970s. The A80 which succeedit the A70 wis basically an A100 wi a smawer capacity ingine. The motorcycle came in tae the market juist afore the fuel crisis o 1973. It haes autolub seestem which omittit the need for messy premixin o twa-stroke oil wi petrol.

## Specifications

***Ingine type:** Air-cooled 72 cc 2-stroke
***Pouer:** 7,6&nbsp;hp (5,7&nbsp;kW)/ 7,500 rpm, 7,65 Nm (0,78&nbsp;kg-m)/ 6,000 rpm
***Transmission:** 4 Speed Manual (toe and heel shift)
***Oweraw Length:** 1 855&nbsp;mm (73.0&nbsp;in)
***Oweraw Width:** 760&nbsp;mm (29.9&nbsp;in)
***Oweraw Heicht:** 1 040&nbsp;mm (40.9&nbsp;in)
***Seat Heicht:** 780&nbsp;mm (30.7&nbsp;in)
***Grund Clearance:** 140&nbsp;mm (5.5&nbsp;in)
***Wheelbase:** 1 200&nbsp;mm (47.2&nbsp;in)
***Dry weight:** 83&nbsp;kg (183&nbsp;lbs)
Suzuki APV

**Suzuki APV (All Purpose Vehicle)** is Suzuki's budget MPV designed in Japan an assembled in Indonesie bi PT. Indomobil Suzuki International (a subsidiary o Suzuki). 

In November 2007, Suzuki released the improved APV named APV Arena (APV Type II in some kintras). It affers mair luxurious features wi the Luxury/SGX type as the flagships (captain seat version). No juist doing some facelift in exterior but an aa the interior is chynged as well an improvement in ingine performance.

The APVs are exportit tae kintras like Australie, Algerie, Aruba, Chile, Dominican Republic, Malaysie, Singapore, Brunei, Pakistan, Thailand an the Philippines.

## Freemit airtins
*Suzuki APV page at Suzuki Global
*Suzuki APV page at Suzuki Indonesie 
*Suzuki APV (UMCSuzuki.com)
*Suzuki APV Club - Jakarta
*Club Carry Philippines (Online Filipino Suzuki Community Forum for Suzuki Vehicles)
Subaru Stella

The **Subaru Stella** is a Japanese automobile produced bi Subaru startin Juin 2006. The Stella is based on the same architecture as the Subaru R2. It haes a 4-door hatchback, It can be considered as a direct replacement o the Subaru Pleo despite the fact the Pleo is still currently in production, an is Subaru's re-entry intae the market segment dominatit bi the Suzuki Wagon R an the Daihatsu Move, hopin tae recapture market share efter the R2's less-than-expectit sales performance. The Stella's dimensions are mair parkin structure friendly whaur vehicle stackin is utilized ower the Pleo.

The name "Stella" is Italian for "star", a reference tae the Subaru logo.

Due tae the investment o Toyota, the future production status o the Stella is in question as Toyota haes annoonced that Subaru kei caurs will be replaced in model year 2010, wi Toyota awready sellin a Toyota vehicle rebadged as a Subaru, currently cawed the Subaru Dex.

## Electric version

In Juin 2008 Subaru unveiled an electric concept vehicle combinin the Stella platform wi the electric drive frae the Subaru R1e, which uises TEPCO lithium-ion batteries.

It haes been showcased at the G8 Summit on 2008-07-07. Fuji annoonced in Juin 2009 that it plans tae sell 170 units through Mairch 2010, primarily tae fleet an government uisers in Japan, wi deliveries beginnin in late Julie 2009.

It is going tae be sauld in the European Union in 2010-09-02.

## Notes an references
Caterham Seven

The **Caterham  Seiven** (or **Caterham 7**) is a sports bike-sized sports caur produced bi Caterham Cars in the Unitit Kinrick. It is based on the Lotus Seven, a lichtweight sports caur sauld in kit an pre-biggit form bi Lotus Cars, frae the late 1950s tae the early 1970s. Efter Lotus endit production o the Lotus Seven, in 1972, Caterham bocht the richts tae the design, an the day mak baith kits an fully assembled caurs. 2007 marked the 50t year o production o the Lotus/Caterham 7.

## Freemit airtins

*Caterham Cars  Offeecial wabsteid
*Caterham Motorsport Information  Official Caterham Motorsport Resource
*Caterham USA 
*http://www.uscaterham.com/showroom/comparison-chart.html 

### Clubs
*Lotus Seven owners club UK 
*California Caterham Club USA
*Lotus Seven Club Sweden
*Club francophone de Seven dédié à la célèbre Lotus Seven, aux Caterham, Westfield, Martin, et autres véhicules inspirés de ce concept
Warbringer

**Warbringer** is an American thrash metal baund. The baund formed in 2004 as 'Onslaught' but chyngit their name efter learnin that a UK thrash metal baind wis awready uisin the name. Warbringer is signed tae Century Media Records. Century Media signed Warbringer efter seein them at a local shaw in LA. Oreeeginally, Century Media wis at the show tae see anither LA thrash metal baund but decidit tae sign Warbringer insteid. Warbringer's seicont album Waking Into Nightmares wis released on Mey 19t, 2009. The album reached #14 on the Billboard Heatseekers chairt.

## Members
;Current members
*John  Kevill - vocals (2004–present)
*John Laux - guitar (2004–present)
*Adam Carroll - guitar (2004–present)
*Andy Laux - bass (2004–2008, 2009–present)
*Carlos Cruz - drums (2011–present)

;Umwhile members
*Nic Ritter - drums (2008–2011)
*Ryan Bates - drums (2004–2008)
*Ben Bennet - Bass (2008–2009)

## Discography
;Studio albums
*2008: *[[War Without End (album)|War Without End]]*
*2009: *[[Waking Into Nightmares]]*
*2011: *[[Worlds Torn Asunder]]*
;EPs
*2006: *[[One By One, The Wicked Fall]]*

## References

## Freemit airtins
Kinh Dương Vương

**Kinh Dương Vương** (Han tu:涇陽王; literally "The Keeng of Kinh Dương"; an aa cawed **Khương Lộc Tục**), accordin tae the Đại Việt sử ký toàn thư, Kinh Dương Vương ruled ower Chigui (Xích Quỷ; ) an he wis the faither o Lạc Long Quân (who in turn is the faither o the Vietnamese fowk, an their first true king).

At present, Kinh Dương Vương's tomb was located in the village of An Lữ, Thuận Thành District, Bắc Ninh Province .

Kinh Dương Vương's faither wis Đế Minh, his mither wis Vu Tien Nu. Kinh Dương Vương's wife wis Thần Long (her faither wis Động Đình Quân) an they wur Lac Long Quan's parents.
## References

## See also
*Leet o Vietnamese monarchs
*Hồng Bàng Dynasty
Cult o personality

A **cult o personality** arises when an individual uises mass media, propaganda, or ither methods, tae create an idealized an heroic public image, aften through unquestionin flattery an praise. Cults o personality are uisually associatit wi dictatorships. The sociologist Max Weber developed a tripartite classification o authority; the *cult o personality* haulds parallels wi what Weber defined as 'charismatic authority'.

A cult o personality is similar tae hero worship, except that it is established bi mass media an propaganda. Housomeivver, the term mey be applied bi analogy tae refer tae adulation o releegious or non-political leaders.

While the cult o personality generally applies tae the enhancement an promotion o a political or releegious doctrine, it stands tae reason that it is an aa assertit in iveryday situations whaur popularity is uised tae advocate conformity tae philosophies an lifestyles, even products an attitudes bi way o peer pressure an herd mentality.

## References
Kim Il-sung

** Kim Il-sung** (15 Aprile 1912 – 8 Julie 1994) wis a Korean communist, an later Juche, politeecian who led North Korea frae its foondin in 1948 till his daith in 1994.  He held the posts o Prime Meenister frae 1948 tae 1972 an Preses frae 1972 tae his daith.  He wis an aa the General Secretary o the Wirkers Pairty o Korea.

Durin his tenure as leader o North Korea, he ruled the naition wi autocratic power an establisht an aw-pervasive cult o personality.  Frae the mid-1960s, he promotit his self-developed *[[Juche]]* variant o communist naitional organisation. Follaein his daith in 1994, he wis succeedit bi his son Kim Jong-il. North Korea offeecially refers tae Kim Il-sung as the "Great Leader" (*Suryong* in Korean 수령) an he is designatit in the constitution as the kintra's "Eternal Preses". His birthday is a public haliday in North Korea.

## References
Kim Jong-il

**Kim Jong-il** (born **Yuri Irsenovich Kim**, written as **Kim Jong Il** an aw; born 16 Februar 1941 - 17 December 2011) wis the supreme leader o the Democratic Fowkrepublic o Korea (*North Korea*) frae 1994 tae 2011. He succeedit his faither an foonder o the DPRK Kim Il-sung follaein the elder Kim's daith in 1994.
He wis the Chairman o the Naitional Defence Commission, General Secretary o the Wirkers' Pairty o Korea, an the Supreme Commander o the Korean Fowk's Airmy, the fowert lairgest standin airmy in the warld. In Aprile 2009, North Korea's constitution wis amendit an nou implicitly refers tae him as the "*Supreme Leader*". He wis an aw referred tae as the "*Dear Leader*", "*oor Faither*", "*the General*" and "*Generalissimo*". His son Kim Jong-un wis promotit tae a senior position in the rulin Wirker's Pairty an is his successor.

## References
Dark Lunacy

**Dark Lunacy** is an Italian melodic daith metal baund, aften uisin a string quartet an mixed vyce choir.

## Biografie

The baund wis foondit in 1997 bi sangster Mike Lunacy an guitarist Enomys. It wis no till 1999, wi the addition o drummer Baijkal an bassist Harpad, that the baund became complete an released their first offeecial album, *[[Devoid]]*, the follaein year. While earlier releases wur on Metal Blade, the baund is currently associatit wi the label Self Distribuzione. In 2001 bassist Harpad left an wis replaced bi Imer. In 2003 the baund released their seicont offeecial album, *[[Forget Me Not (Dark Lunacy album)|Forget Me Not]]*. In Juin 2006 Baijkal an Imer left the baund for personal reasons, but no afore the release o *[[The Diarist]]*. Mary Ann an Mathias entered the baund in August 2006; in the Hairst o 2007, Baijkal an Imer returned an Mathias left the baund, and Mary Ann went frae playin bass tae rhythm guitar. In 2009, Enomys left the baund due tae personal reasons. Simon joined the baund offeecially suin efter at the guitar tae replace him.

In 2010 the baund haed a radical chynge in the line-up, wi Mike stayin as the anerlie oreeginal member frae Dark Lunacy.

## Line-up
* Mike Lunacy - vocals
* Jacopo Rossi - bass
* Davide Rinaldi - guitar
* Marco Binda - drums

## Umwhile members

* Mary Ann - guitar
* Simon - guitar
* Enomys - guitar
* Imer - bass
* Harpad - bass
* Baijkal - drums
* Mathias - drums
* Vault - drums
* Andy - bass
* Alessandro Vagnoni - drums
* Daniele Galassi - guitar
* Claudio Cinquegrana - guitar

## Discografie

* *[[Silent Storm (Dark Lunacy album)|Silent Storm]]* (EP, 1998)
* *[[Serenity (Dark Lunacy album)|Serenity]]* (Demo, 1999)
* *[[Devoid]]* (Metal Blade, 2000)
* *[[Twice (Split CD)|Twice]]* (Split CD with Infernal Poetry 2002)
* *[[Forget Me Not (Dark Lunacy album)|Forget Me Not]]* (Album, 2003)
* *[[The Diarist]]* (Album, Frontiers Records, 2006)
* *[[Weaver of Forgotten]]* (Released 15 November 2010)

## References


## Freemit airtins

* The band's current official site
* The band's old official site
Rwandan Genocide

The **Rwandan Genocide** wis the 1994 mass murther o an estimatit 800,000 fowk. Ower the course o approximately 100 days frae the assassination o Juvénal Habyarimana on Aprile 6 throu mid-Julie, at least 800,000 fowk wur killed, accordin tae a Human Rights Watch estimate.  Ither estimates o the daith toll hae ranged atween 500,000 an 1,000,000, or as muckle as 20% o the kintra's tot population. It wis the culmination, lairgely influenced bi the Belgian colonization which favored the Tutsi minority group acause o thair mair "European" appearance, o langstandin ethnic competeetion an tensions atween the minority Tutsi, who haed controlled pouer for centuries, an the majority Hutu fowks, who haed come tae pouer in the rebellion o 1959-1962 an owerthrown the Tutsi monarchy.

In 1990, the Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF), a rebel group componed maistly o Tutsi refugees, invadit northren Rwanda frae Uganda in an attempt tae defeat the Hutu-led govrenment.  Thay began the Rwandan Civil War, focht atween the Hutu regime, wi support frae Francophone naitions o Africae an Fraunce, an the RPF, wi support frae Ugandae.  This exacerbatit ethnic tensions in the kintra.  In response, mony Hutu gravitatit toward the Hutu Power ideology.

As an ideology, Hutu Power assertit that the Tutsi intendit tae enslave the Hutu an must be resistit at aw costs.  Continuing ethnic strife resultit in the rebels' displacin lairge nummers o Hutu in the north, plus periodic localized Hutu killins o Tutsi in the sooth.  Internaitional pressure on the Hutu-led govrenment o Juvénal Habyarimana resultit in a cease-fire in 1993.  He wis able tae begin implementation o the Arusha Accords.

The assassination o Habyarimana in Aprile 1994 set aff a violent reaction, resultin in the Hutus' conductin mass killins o Tutsis an pro-peace Hutus. Primarily responsible wur twa Hutu militias associatit wi poleetical pairties: the *[[Interahamwe]]* an the *[[Impuzamugambi]]*.  The Hutu Power group kent as the Akazu directit the genocide.  It wis the end o the peace agreement meant tae end the war.  The Tutsi RPF restairtit thair offensive, eventually defeatin the govrenment airmy an seizing control o the kintra.

## References
Rwanda

The **Republic o Rwanda** is a unitary republic o central an eastren Africae. It borders Uganda tae the north; Tanzanie tae the east; Burundi tae the sooth; an the Democratic Republic o the Congo tae the wast. Rwanda is landlockt but is notit for its lochs, parteecularly Loch Kivu, which occupies the floor o the Rift Valley alang maist o the kintra's wastren border. Awtho close tae the equator, the kintra haes a temperate climate due tae its hie elevation, wi the heichest pynt bein Munt Karisimbi. The terrain consists o muntains an gently rollin hills, wi plains an swamps in the east. Abundant wildlife, includin rare muntain gorillas, hae led tae a fast-growin tourism sector. The lairgest ceeties in Rwanda are Kigali, Gitarama, an Butare. Unlik mony African kintras, Rwanda is hame tae ae ane significant ethnic an linguistic group, the Banyarwanda. The kintra is weel kent for its native styles o dance, parteecularly the Intore dance, an for its drummers. Kinyarwanda, Inglish an French are the offeecial leids.

The earliest kent indwallers o the territory wur the Twa fowk, that still live in Rwanda as a minority the day. A series o faur migrations teuk place, leadin tae a complex ethnic an social structur. The Kinrick o Rwanda, initially a lowse confederation, grew in importance frae the 15t century tae acome the dominant ceevilisation in the region, occupyin an aurie ayont the present borders. The territory wis assigned tae Germany bi the 1884 Berlin Conference, as pairt o Ruanda-Urundi, wi the first Wastren explorers reachin the kintra in 1894. Efter Warld War I, the territory wis allocatit tae Belgium as a League o Naitions mandate. The German an Belgian regimes hivily favoured the kintra's Tutsis ower the majority Hutus which led tae tension atween the twa groups. Belgium switched allegiance tae the Hutus folaein a revolution in 1959 an the kintra became independent in 1962. The Tutsi-led Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF) invadit in 1990, sparkin a three year Civil War. In 1994 the preses wis assassinatit, sparkin the Rwandan Genocide. Atween 500,000 an 1,000,000 Tutsis an moderate Hutus wur killed in 100 days, in well-planned attacks ordered bi the interim govrenment. The RPF quickly restairtit thair offensive, an eventually teuk control o the kintra.

Syne the end o the Genocide, Rwanda haes enjoyed poleetical an social stability. This haes permittit the development o agriculture, roads, tourism, an minin industries. Nivertheless, lairge nummers o Rwandans live in poverty as subsistence farmers. Pouer lies firmly in the haunds o the current preses, Paul Kagame, an the RPF, who hae held a majority in parliament syne 1994. Rwanda is a member o La Francophonie an haes recently jynt the East African Community an the Commonwealth o Naitions.

## References

## Freemit airtins

;Govrenment
* The Republic o Rwanda offeecial govrenment site
* Visit Rwanda 
* Chief o State an Cabinet Members 

;General
* Rwanda - CIA World Factbook 
* Rwanda Tourism  offeecial Rwanda Tourism Buird site
* 
*
Hafez al-Assad

**Hafez al-Assad** ( **) (October 6, 1930 – Juin 10, 2000) servit as Prime Meenister o Sirie frae 1970 tae 1971 an preses o Sirie frae 1971 till his daith. Assad's rule stabilized an consolidatit the pouer o the kintra's central govrenment efter decades o coups an coonter-coups.
Kuwait Ceety

**Kuwait Ceety** (Arabic: مدينة الكويت, transliteration: *Madīnat al-Kuwayt*), is the caipital o Kuwait. It haes 2.38 million in the metropolitan aurie. Locatit at the hert o the kintra on the shore o the Persian Gulf, an containin Kuwait's parliament (Majlis Al-Umma), maist governmental offices, the heidquarters o maist Kuwaiti corporations an banks, it is the undisputable politeecal, cultural an economic centre o the emirate.

Kuwait Ceety’s tred an transportation needs are served bi Kuwait Internaitional Airport, Mina Al-Shuwaik (Shuwaik Port) an Mina al-Ahmadi (Ahmadi Port) 50 kilometers tae the sooth, on the Persian Gulf coast.

## Twin touns — sister ceeties

Kuwait Ceety is twinned wi:

*  Tunis, Tunisie
*  Beirut, Lebanon
*  Beverly Hills, USA
*  Cannes, Fraunce
*  Dubai, Unitit Arab Emirates
*  Gaziantep, Turkey
*   Monaco
*  Marbella, Spain
*  Lunnon, Ingland
*   Paris, Fraunce

## References

## Freemit airtins

*  Kuwait City at "goruma"
* Kuwait Directory  Kuwait Business Links
Tây Ninh

**Tây Ninh** (Vietnamese: ) is a toun in soothwastren Vietnam. It is the caipital o Tây Ninh province, which encompasses the toun an muckle o the surroondin farmland.

Tây Ninh is approximately 90&nbsp;km tae the northwast o Hồ Chí Minh Ceety, Vietnam’s lairgest ceety.
As o 2003, the district haed a population o 126,370. The district covers an aurie o 137&nbsp;km².  
	
The ceety is maist famous for being the hame o the Cao Đài releegion, an indigenous Vietnamese faith that includes the teachings o the major warld releegions. The Cao Đài releegion’s Holy See, built atween 1933 an 1955, is locatit aroond 5&nbsp;km tae the east o Tây Ninh’s toun centre.

## References
Kildare

**Kildare** (*Cill Dara* in modren Erse, oreeginally derived frae *Cell Dara* in Auld Erse, meanin "Kirk o the Aik") is a toun in Coonty Kildare, in Ireland. Its population o 7,538 (2006 Census) maks it the aicht lairgest toun in Kildare an the 55t lairgest in the Republic o Ireland, wi a growth rate o 32.4pc sin the 2002 census. Though Kildare gies its name tae the coonty, Naas is the coonty toun. The toun lees on the R445, some 50&nbsp;km wast o Dublin – near eneuch for it tae hae become, in maugre o bein a regional centre in its ain richt, a commuter toun for the caipital.

## References
Nonthaburi

**Nonthaburi** (, ) is the principal ceety o the destrict an province o the same name in Thailand.

Nonthaburi haes ceety (*[[thesaban nakhon]]*) status an covers five o the *[[tambon]]* o Mueang Nonthaburi district - Suan Yai, Talat Khwan, Bang Khen, Bang Kraso an Tha Sai. In Mey 2006, it haed a population o 266,930, makin it the seicont-lairgest ceety in Thailand. Due tae its location close tae Bangkok the ceety is actually a suburb o Bangkok, pairt o the Bangkok Metropolitan Aurie, or Greater Bangkok.

## Freemit airtins
* http://www.nakornnont.com Website of the city (Thai only)
Portadoun

**Portadoun** (frae Erse *Port a' Dúnáin* meinin "port o the smaw stranghaud") is a toun in Coonty Armagh, Northren Ireland. The toun ligs on the River Bann in the north o the coontie, aboot 23 mile (38&nbsp;km) sooth-wast o Belfast. Hit is in the Craigavon Burgh Cooncil aurie an haed aboot 22,000 indwallers at the 2001 Census.

Awtho Portadoun can trace hits springheid til the aerlie 17t centurie, hit wis no til the Victorian eild an the cumin o the railwey that hit becam a major toun. Portadoun is kent as "the hub o the North" due ti hit bein a major railwey infaw in the past; whaur the Gret Northren Railwey's line sindert for Belfast, Dublin, Armagh an Lunnonderry.

In the 1990s, Portadoun wis drawn ti the heed o the warld's media bi the "Drumcree staundaff". This is the latest pairt o a lang-runnin threip ower paraudin that began in the 19t centurie an haes led ti monie riots and deiths.
Armagh

**Armagh** (soondit *ar-maa*, frae Erse *Ard Mhacha* meinin "Macha's hicht") is the coontie toun o Coonty Armagh in Northren Ireland. Hit is a steid o historical importance for baith Celtic paganism an Christendom. Awtho braundit a middlin-sized toun, Armagh wis gien ceetie status bi Queen Elizabeth II in 1994. Hits population o 14,590 (2001 Census) maks hit the least-populatit ceetie in baith Northren Ireland an the iland o Ireland.

## References
Indira Gandhi

**Indira Priyadarshini Gandhi** ( *Indirā Priyadarśinī Gāndhī;* née: **Nehru**; 19 November 1917 – 31 October 1984) wis the Prime Meenister o the Republic o Indie for three consecutive terms frae 1966 tae 1977 an for a fowert term frae 1980 till her assassination in 1984, a tot o fifteen years. She is Indie's anerlie female prime meenister tae date. She is the warld's aw time langest servin female Prime Meenister.
Steve Jobs

**Steven Paul Jobs** (24 Februar 1955 − 5 October 2011) wis an American business magnate an inventor. He is weel kent for being the co-foonder an chief executive officer o Apple. Jobs an aa previously served as chief executive o Pixar Animation Studios; he became a member o the board o The Walt Disney Company in 2006, follaein the acquisition o Pixar bi Disney.

In the late 1970s, Jobs, wi Apple co-foonder Steve Wozniak, Mike Markkula, an ithers, designed, developed, an marketit ane o the first commercially successful lines o personal computers, the Apple II series. In the early 1980s, Jobs wis amang the first tae see the commercial potential o the moose-driven graphical uiser interface which led tae the creation o the Macintosh. Efter losin a pouer struggle wi the board o directors in 1985, Jobs resigned frae Apple an foondit NeXT, a computer platform development company specializin in the heicher education an business markets. Apple's subsequent 1996 buyoot o NeXT brocht Jobs back tae the company he co-foondit, an he served as its CEO frae 1997 tae 2011.

In 1986, he acquired the computer graphics diveesion o Lucasfilm Ltd which wis spun aff as Pixar Animation Studios. He remained CEO an majority sharehaulder at 50.1&nbsp;percent till its acquisition by The Walt Disney Company in 2006. Consequently Jobs became Disney's lairgest individual shareholder at 7&nbsp;percent an a member o Disney's Board o Directors. On August 24, 2011, Jobs annoonced his resignation frae his role as Apple's CEO.

On October 5, 2011, Jobs dee'd in Palo Alto, Californie at age 56 o pancreatic cancer.

## References
Banner o Eritrea

The current **banner o [[Eritrea]]** wis adopt on December 5, 1995, an uises the basic layoot o the banner o the Eritrean Fowkliberation Front, wi the wreath wi upricht olive branch seembol derived frae the 1952 banner.  

The banner is dominate bi a reid triangle stendin frae the hoist tae the flee wi complementary green an blue triangles abuin an ablo. Green stauns for the fertility o the kintra respectively for agriculture; blae stauns for the ocean an reid for the bluid lost in the fecht for freedom. In the reid triangle, a yellae wreath seembol wi 14 leaves on ilka side derived frae the 1952 banner replaces the yellae starn o the EPLF banner. 


File:Flag_of_Eritrea_(1952-1961).svg|Banner frae 1952 tae 1962 (2:3 Ratio)
File:Flag_of_Eritrea_(1993-1995).svg|Banner frae 1993 tae 1995 (2:3 Ratio)
File:Flag of the President of Eritrea.svg|Staundart o the Preses of State (1:2)
File:Flag of the EPLF.svg|Banner o the EPLF


## Freemit airtins
*
Nonthaburi Province

**Nonthaburi** () is ane o the central provinces (*changwat*) o Thailand. Neighborin provinces are (frae north clockwise) Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya, Pathum Thani, Bangkok an Nakhon Pathom.

## Geography
Nonthaburi is locatit directly northwast o Bangkok on the Chao Phraya river. The province is pairt o the greater Bangkok Metropolitan Aurie.  In maist parts it is as urbanized as the caipital, an the boondary atween the twa provinces is nearly unrecognisable.

## History
Nonthaburi wis declared a ceety in the middle o the 16t century, which wis previously a village named Talat Khwan. Durin the reign o King Prasat Thong, a canal wis dug tae create a shortcut o the flow o the Chao Phraya. The river chynged its flow intae the new canal, which is still the riverbed today. In 1665 King Narai built a fortress, as the shorter riverway wis givin enemies an easier way tae the caipital Ayutthaya. The toun wis then an aa moved near the fortress.

Frae 1943 tae 1946 the province wis incorporatit intae Bangkok.

## Seembols
The provincial seal shows earthenware, a traditional product frae Nonthaburi. The Provincial flouer an tree is the Yellow flame tree (*[[Peltophorum pterocarpum]]*).

The provincial slogan translates tae *Grand Ryal Mansion, renouned Suan Somdet, Ko Kret's pottery, famous ancient temples, tasty [[durian]]s, an the bonnie government office*. The ryal mansion refers tae Phra Tamnak Nonthaburi in Mueang Nonthaburi district, the residence o Prince Maha Vajiralongkorn; Suan Somdet is a water garden in Pak Kret district. The provincial administration buildin ance received an award as the maist bonnie such building bi the Meenistry o Interior.
Eritrea

**Eritrea** ( or ; Ge'ez:  , Arabic: إرتريا *Iritrīyā*), offeecially the **State o Eritrea**, is a kintra in the North East o Africae. The caipital is Asmara. It is bordered bi Sudan in the wast, Ethiopie in the sooth, an Djibouti in the sootheast. The east an northeast o the kintra hae an extensive coastline on the Red Sea, directly athort frae Saudi Arabie an Yemen. The Dahlak Archipelago an several o the Hanish Islands are pairt o Eritrea. Eritrea's size is approximately 117,600 km2 wi an estimatit population o 5 million.

## References
Hakka Cheenese

**Hakka** or **Kejia** is ane o the main subdiveesions o the Cheenese leid spoken predominantly in soothren Cheenae bi the Hakka fowk an descendants in diaspora throughoot East an Sootheast Asie an aroond the warld.

Due tae its uisage in scattered isolatit regions whaur communication is limited tae the local aurie, the Hakka leid haes developed numerous variants or dialects, spoken in Guangdong, Fujian, Jiangxi, Guangxi, Sichuan, Hunan, and Guizhou provinces, includin Hainan island, Singapore an Taiwan. Hakka is no mutually intelligible wi Mandarin, Wu, Minnan, an maist o the significant spoken variants o the Cheenese leid.

There is a pronunciation difference atween the Taiwanese Hakka dialect an the Guangdong Hakka dialect. Amang the dialects o Hakka, the Moi-yen/Moi-yan (梅縣, Pinyin: Méixiàn) dialect o northeast Guangdong haes been typically viewed as a prime example o the Hakka leid, formin a sort o staundart dialect.

The Guangdong Provincial Education Depairtment creatit an offeecial romanization o Moiyen in 1960, ane o fower leids receivin this status in Guangdong.

## Etymology
The name o the Hakka fowk who are the predominant oreeginal native speakers o the leid literally means "guest families" or "guest fowk": *Hak* 客 (Mandarin: kè) means "guest", an *ka* 家 (Mandarin: jiā) means "family". Amangst themselves, Hakka fowk variously cawed their leid Hak-ka-fa (-va) 客家話, Hak-fa (-va), 客話, Tu-gong-dung-fa (-va) 土廣東話, literally, "Native Guangdong language," an Ngai-fa (-va) 話, "Ma/oor leid".