28 December

The **28t o December** is the 362nt day o the year (363rd in lowp years) in the Gregorian Calendar, wi 3 days bidin.

## Events

* 1065 - Wastmeenster Abbey is consecratit.
* 1612 - Galileo Galilei observes the planet Neptune.
* 1832 - John C. Calhoun becomes the first Vice Preses o the Unitit States tae resign.
* 1836 - Sooth Australie is creatit.
* 1836 - Spain recognises the unthirldom o Mexico.
* 1846 - Iowa becomes the 29nt state o the Unitit States. 
* 1867 - The Unitit States annexes Midway Atoll.
* 1879 - Tay Brig disaster: The Tay Rail Brig collapses as a train passes ower it, killin 75 fowk.
* 1895 - The Lumière brithers open their first cinema in Paris.
* 1908 - A yirdquauk in Messina, Sicily, kills thoosands o fowk.
* 1945 - The Unitit States Congress recognises the Pledge o Allegiance.
* 1950 - The Peak District becomes the first Naitional Park in the Unitit Kinrick.
* 1973 - Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn publishes his novel The Gulag Archipelago.
* 1984 - Rajiv Gandhi is electit Prime meenister o Indie.
* 1999 - Saparmurat Niyazov is declarit "Preses for Life" in Turkmenistan.
* 2007 - Nepal decides tae become a republic.
* 2009 - 43 fowk are kilt in a suicide bombin in Karachi, Pakistan.
* 2014 - Air Asia Flicht 8501 crashes near Borneo, killin aw passengers an crew on baird.
* 2014 - The ferry "MS Norman Atlantic" burns in the Strait o Otranto atween Greece an Italy, killin 9 fowk an leavin 19 missin.
* 2017 - 41 fowk are kilt in a bomb attack in Kabul, Afghanistan.
* 2017 - 12 fowk are kilt in a fire at an apairtment block in The Bronx, New York Ceety.
* 2019 - A truck bombin in Mogadishu, Somalie, kills at least 85 fowk.
* 2019 - The Unitit Kinrick's heichest-recordit December temperatur tae-date is measured as 18.7 degrees Celsius at Achfary in the Scots Hielands. This is due tae the Foehn effect, which causes wairmer an drier air on ane side o a muntain than on the ither.

## Births

* 1769 - Alexander John Forsyth, Scots Presbyterian clergyman an inventor (d. 1843)
* 1798 - Thomas Henderson, Scots astronomer (d. 1844)
* 1835 - Archibald Geikie, Scots geologist an writer (d. 1924)
* 1856 - Woodrow Wilson, 28t Preses o the Unitit States (d. 1924)
* 1882 - Arthur Eddington, Inglis astropheesicist (d. 1944)
* 1903 - John von Neumann, Hungarian-American mathemateecian (d. 1957)
* 1922 - Stan Lee, American comic beuk writer, airtist an publisher (d. 2018)
* 1932 - Nichelle Nichols, American actress
* 1934 - Alasdair Gray, Scots writer an airtist (d. 2019)
* 1934 - Dame Maggie Smith, Inglis actress
* 1938 - Anatoly Slivko, Roushie serial killer (d. 1989)
* 1939 - Frank McLintock, Scots fitbawer
* 1940 - Don Francisco, Chilean telly host
* 1954 - Denzel Washington, American actor
* 1955 - Liu Xiaobo, Cheenese human richts activist (d. 2017)
* 1962 - Quim Torra, Catalan politeecian
* 1969 - Linus Torvalds, Finnish computer programmer
* 1979 - Noomi Rapace, Swadish actress
* 1981 - Sienna Miller, American-Inglis actress
* 1984 - Martin Kaymer, German gowfer
* 1986 - Danny Swanson, Scots fitbawer
* 1989 - Salvador Sobral, Portuguese sangster
* 1994 - Adam Peaty, Inglis soummer

## Daiths

* 1633 - Maria Maddalena de' Medici, Princess o the Grand Duchy o Tuscany (b. 1600)
* 1694 - Mary II, Queen o Scots (b. 1662)
* 1706 - Pierre Bayle, French philosopher (b. 1647)
* 1734 - Rob Roy MacGregor, Scots fowk hero (b. 1671)
* 1782 - Princess Maria Carolina o Savoy (b. 1764)
* 1937 - Maurice Ravel, French componer (b. 1875)
* 1947 - Victor Emmanuel III o Italy (b. 1869)
* 1963 - Paul Hindemith, German componer (b. 1895)
* 2004 - Jerry Orbach, American actor (b. 1935)
* 2004 - Susan Sontag, American writer (b. 1933)
* 2015 - Lemmy Kilmister, Inglis muisicker (Motörhead) (b. 1945)
* 2016 - Debbie Reynolds, American actress an sangster (b. 1932)

## Halidays

* Day o the Haly Innocents Christian haliday
* Proclamation Day (Sooth Australie)
* Keeng Taksin Memorial Day (Thailand)
* Republic Day (Sooth Sudan)