12 August

The **12t o August** is the 224t day o the year (225t in lowp years) in the Gregorian Calendar, wi 141 days bidin.

## Events

* 1569 - The Pols-Lithuanie Commonweel is creatit.
* 1825 - Simon Bolivar becomes Preses o Colombie.
* 1833 - Chicago is incorporatit as a ceety.
* 1883 - The last quagga dies in a zoo in Amsterdam.
* 1898 - An Armistice ends the Spaingie-American War.
* 1898 - Hawaii is offeecially annexed bi the Unitit States.
* 1908 - The first Ford Model T is biggit.
* 1914 - Warld War I: The Unitit Kinrick declares war on Austrick-Hungary.
* 1928 - The 1928 Simmer Olympics in Amsterdam end.
* 1944 - The SS murthers 560 fowk in the Italian village o Sant'Anna di Stazzema.
* 1948 - The Unitit States recognises the govrenment o Sooth Korea.
* 1952 - 13 Jewish intellectuals are murthert in a single nicht in Moscow.
* 1953 - The Soviet Union detonates its first hydrogen bomb.
* 1964 - Sooth Africae is banned frae the Olympics due tae its Apartheid policy.
* 1976 - 1,000 tae 3,500 Palestinians are kilt in the Tel-Al Zataar massacre.
* 1977 - First flicht o the Space Shuttle Enterprise.
* 1981 - The IBM Personal Computer is introduced.
* 1985 - Japan Airlines Flicht 123, a Boeing 747, crashes intae Moont Ogura, Japan, killin 520 fowk.
* 2000 - Roushie submarine *Kursk* sinks in the Barents Sea.
* 2004 - Lee Hsien Loong becomes Prime meenister o Singapore.
* 2004 - Swaden's population offeecially reaches the total o 9 million.
* 2012 - End o the 2012 Simmer Olympics in Lunnon.
* 2014 - Maryam Mirzakhani becomes the first woman tae win the Fields Medal, ane o the biggest awairds in mathematics.
* 2015 - Twa splosions in a warehoose containin chemical substances kill at least 173 fowk in Tianjin, Fowkrepublic o Cheenae, an injure 100s.
* 2017 - Far-richt groups hauld the "Unite the Right" rally in Charlottesville, Virginie; 1 coonter-protester is attackit and kilt in a vehicle-rammin attack.
* 2018 - The first multi-sport European Championships in Glesga an Berlin end.
* 2020 - A passenger train derails naur Stonehaven, Aiberdeenshire, killin 3 fowk an injurin 6.

## Births

* 1762 - Keeng George IV o the Unitit Kinrick (d. 1830)
* 1810 - James Nicol, Scots geologist (d. 1879)
* 1831 - Helena Blavatsky, Roushie-American writer an occultist (d. 1891)
* 1866 - Jacinto Benavente, Spaingie dramatist (d. 1954)
* 1881 - Cecil B. DeMille, American film director (d. 1959)
* 1887 - Erwin Schrödinger, Austrick pheesicist (d. 1961)
* 1904 - Alexei Nikolaevich, Tsarevich o Roushie (d. 1918)
* 1911 - Cantinflas, Mexican comic film actor (d. 1993)
* 1924 - Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq, Preses o Pakistan (d. 1988)
* 1927 - Bobby Kirk, Scots fitbawer (d. 2010)
* 1932 - Sirikit, Queen Mither o Thailand
* 1949 - Mark Knopfler, Breetish muisicker
* 1954 - Francois Hollande, umwhile Preses o Fraunce
* 1966 - Tobias Ellwood, Inglis politeecian
* 1970 - Alan Brown, Scots politeecian
* 1971 - Pete Sampras, American tennis player
* 1975 - Casey Affleck, American actor
* 1981 - Djibril Cissé, French fitbawer
* 1983 - Klaas-Jan Huntelaar, Dutch fitbawer
* 1989 - Kirstene Hair, Scots politeecian
* 1990 - Mario Balotelli, Italian fitbawer
* 1992 - Cara Delevingne, Inglis model an actress

## Daiths

* 1424 - Yongle Emperor o Cheenae (b. 1360)
* 1633 - Jacopo Peri, Italian componer (b. 1561)
* 1689 - Pape Innocent XI (b. 1611)
* 1827 - William Blake, Inglis poet (b. 1757)
* 1848 - George Stephenson, Inglis ingineer (b. 1781)
* 1900 - Wilhelm Steinitz, German chess player (b. 1836)
* 1955 - Thomas Mann, German writer (b. 1875)
* 1955 - James Batcheller Sumner, American chemist (b. 1887)
* 1964 - Ian Fleming, Inglis writer (b. 1908)
* 1965 - Willie Gallacher, Scots politeecian (b. 1881)
* 1979 - Ernst Boris Chain, German biochemist (b. 1906)
* 1982 - Henry Fonda, American actor (b. 1905)
* 1989 - William Shockley, American pheesicist (b. 1910)
* 1992 - John Cage, American componer (b. 1912)
* 2000 - Loretta Young, American actress (b. 1913)
* 2013 - David McLetchie, Scots politeecian (b. 1952)
* 2014 - Lauren Bacall, American actress (b. 1924)

## Halidays
* Glorious Twelfth - stairt o the Groose-shuitin season
* Internaitional Youth Day
* Mither's Day (Thailand)