Canadae–Unitit States relations

**Canada–Unitit States relations** refers tae the bilateral relations atween the bordering kintras o Canadae an the Unitit States. Relations atween Canadae an the Unitit States historically hae been extensive, gien a shared border an ever-increasing close cultural, economical ties and seemilarities. The shared historical and cultural heritage haes resultit in ane o the maist stable and mutually benefeecial internaitional relationships in the warld. For baith kintras, the level o trade with the ither is at the tap of the annual combined import-export total. Tourism and migration atween the twa naitions hae increased rapport, but border security wis hichtened efter the September 11 terrorist attacks on the Unitit States in 2001. The U.S. is approximately 9.25 times lairger in population and haes the dominant cultural and economic influence. Stiarting with the American Revolution, when anti-American Loyalists fled tae Canadae, a vocal element in Canadae haes warned against US dominance or annexation. The War of 1812 saw invasions across the border. In 1815, the war endit with the border unchynged and demeelitarized, as were the Great Lakes. The Breetish ceased aiding First Naition attacks on American territory, an the Unitit States never again attemptit tae invade Canadae. Apairt frae minor raids, it haes remained peaceful.

As Breetain decidit tae disengage, fears o an American takeover played a role in the formation o the Dominion o Canadae (1867), an Canadae's rejection o free trade (1911). Militar collaboration wis close during World War II and continued throughout the Cauld War, bilaterally through NORAD an multilaterally through NATO. A very heich volume of trade and migration continues atween the twa naitions, as well as a heivy overlapping of popular and elite culture, a dynamic which haes generatit closer ties, especially efter the signing of the Canada–Unitit States Free Trade Agreement in 1988.

The twa naitions hae the warld's langest shared border (), and also have significant interoperability within the defense sphere. Recent difficulties hae includit repeated trade disputes, environmental concerns, Canadian concern for the future of oil exports, and issues of illegal immigration and the threat of terrorism. Trade haes continued to expand, especially follaeing the 1988 FTA and North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) in 1994 which haes further merged the twa economies.
Co-operation on mony fronts, such as the ease of the flow of goods, services, and people across borders are tae be even more extended, as well as the establishment of jynt border inspection agencies, relocation of U.S. fuif inspectors agents tae Canadian plants and vice versa, greater sharing of intelligence, and harmonizing regulaitions on everything from fuid tae manufactured goods, thus further increasing the American-Canadian assemblage.

The foreign policies of the neighbours hae been closely aligned syne the Cauld War. Canadae haes disagreed with American poleecies regarding the Vietnam War, the status of Cuba, the Iraq War, Missile Defence, and the War on Terror. A diplomatic debate haes been unnerway in recent years on whether the Northwast Passage is in internaitional watters or unner Canadian sovereignty.

Today there are close cultural ties, many similar and identical traits and according to Gallup's annual public opinion polls, Canada has consistently been Americans' favorite nation, with 96% of Americans viewing Canada favorably in 2012. As of spring 2013, 64% of Canadians haed a favorable view of the U.S. and 81% expressit confidence in then-US President Obama tae do the richt thing in internaitional matters. According tae the same poll, 30% viewed the U.S. negatively. Also, according to a 2014 BBC World Service Poll, 86% of Americans view Canadae's influence positively, with only 5% expressing a negative view. Houaniver, according tae the same poll, 43% of Canadians view U.S. influence positively, with 52% expressing a negative view. In addition, according to Spring 2017 Global Attitudes Survey, 43% of Canadians view U.S. positively, while 51% hold a negative view. Mair recently, houaniver, a poll in January 2018 showed Canadians' approval of U.S. leadership droppit by ower 40 percentage pynts unner Preses Donald Trump, in line with the view of residents of mony ither U.S. allied and neutral kintras.

## Country comparison

## References

## Freemit airtins
* History of Canadae – U.S. relations
* Canadian Embassy in Washington, D.C.
* U.S. Embassy & Consulates in Canadae
* Canadian Association of New York 
* Canadae and the Unitit States, b Stephen Azzi and J.L. Granatstein 
* Canadian-American Relations, by John English