Nathalie Sarraute

**Nathalie Sarraute** (; 18 Julie 1900 – 19 October 1999) wis a French lawyer an writer.

## Personal life
Sarraute wis born **Natalia Ilinichna Tcherniak** (Roushie: Ната́лья Ильи́нична Черня́к, Natalya Chernyak) in Ivanovo (then kent as Ivanovo-Voznesensk), 300&nbsp;km north-east o Moscow in 1900 (although she frequently referred tae the year o her birth as 1902, a date still citit in select reference wirks). She wis the dochter o Pauline (née Chatounovsky), a writer, an Ilya Tcherniak, a chemist. She wis o Roushie Jewish oreegin. Follaein the divorce o her parents, she spent her childhuid shuttled atween Fraunce an Roushie. In 1909 she muivit tae Paris wi her faither. Sarraute studied law an literatur at the prestigious Sorbonne, haein a pairticular fondness for contemporary leeterature an the wirks o Marcel Proust an Virginia Woolf, who greatly affectit her conception o the novel, then later studiet history at Oxford an sociology in Berlin, afore passin the French bar exam (1926–1941) an becomin a lawyer.

In 1925, she marriet Raymond Sarraute, a fellae lawyer, wi whom she wad hae three dochters. In 1932 she wrote her first beuk, *Tropismes,* a series o brief sketches an memories that set the tone for her entire *oeuvre*. The novel wis first published in 1939, although the impact o Warld War II stuntit its popularity. In 1941, Sarraute, who wis Jewish, wis released from her wirk as a lawyer as a result o Nazi law. Durin this time, she went intae hidin an made arrangements tae divorce her husband in an effort tae protect him (although they wad eventually stay thegither).

Sarraute dee'd at the age o 99 in Paris, Fraunce. Her dochter, the journalist Claude Sarraute, wis marriet tae French Academician Jean-François Revel.

## Career
Sarraute dedicatit hersel tae leeteratur, wi her maist prominent wirk being *Portrait of a Man Unknown* (1948), a wirk applaudit bi Jean-Paul Sartre, who famously referred tae it as an "anti-novel" an who contributit a forewird an aw. Despite such heich creetical praise, housomeivver, the work anerlie drew notice frae literary insiders, as did her follae-up, *Martereau*.

Sarraute's essay *The Age of Suspicion* (*L'Ère du soupçon*, 1956) servit as a prime manifesto for the nouveau roman leeterary muivement, alangside Alain Robbe-Grillet's *For a New Novel*. Sarraute became, alang wi Robbe-Grillet, Claude Simon, Marguerite Duras, an Michel Butor, ane o the figurs maist associatit wi the rise o this new trend in writin, which socht tae radically transform traditional narrative models o character an plot. Sarraute wis awairdit the *[[Prix Formentor|Prix international de littérature]]* for her novel *The Golden Fruits* in 1963, which led tae greater popularity an exposur for the author. That same year, Sarraute began wirkin as a dramatist an aw, authorin a total o seiven plays, includin *Le Silence* (1963), *Le Mensonge* (1965) an *Elle est là* (1993). As a result o Sarraute's growin popularity an public profile, she wis invitit tae speak at a nummer o literary events baith in her native kintra o Fraunce an abroad.

Sarraute's wirk, includin the novels *Atween Life an Daith* (1968), *The Uise o Speech* (1980) an *You Daena Love Yoursel* (1989), hae been translatit intae mair nor 30 leids. Her wirk haes aften been referred tae as "difficult," as a result o her experimental style an abandonment o traditional literary conventions. Sarraute celebrated the daith o the leeterary "character" an placit her primary emphasis on the creation o a faithful depiction o psychological phenomena, as in her novella *The Golden Fruits*, consistin entirely o interior monologues, an the novel *The Planetarium* (1959), which focuses on a young man's obsession wi inheritin his aunt's apairtment. The constantly shiftin perspectives an points of view in Sarraute's wirk serve tae unnermine the author's haund, while at the same time embracin the incoherence o livit experience.

In contrast tae the relative difficulty o Sarraute's novels, her memoir *Childhood* is considered an easier read. Penned when she wis ower aichty year auld, Sarraute's autobiografie is hardly a straichtforward memoir, as she challenges her awn capacity tae accurately recaw her past throughoot the wirk. In the 1980s, the autobiografie wis adaptit intae a ane-act Broadway play starrin Glenn Close. The issues wi memory which Sarraute heichlichtit in her autobiografie carriet through tae her last novel, *Here*, published in 1995, in which the author splores a range o existential issues relatin tae the formlessness o baith individual an social reality.

## Bibliografie
* *Tropismes*, 1939 (tr. *Tropisms*)
* *Portrait d’un inconnu*, 1948 (tr. *Portrait o a Man Unkent*)
* *Martereau* 1953 (novel)
* *L'Ère du soupçon*, 1956 (tr. *The Age o Suspicion*) (essay)
* *Le Planetarium*, 1959 (tr. *The Planetarium*) (novel)
* *Les Fruits d'or*, 1963 (tr. *The Gowden Fruits* ) (novel)
* *Le Silence* 1964 (theatre)
* *Le Mensonge*, 1966 (novel)
* *Entre la vie et la mort* 1968 (novel)
* *Isma, ou ce qui s’appelle rien* 1970 (theatre)
* *Vous les entendez ?* 1972 (novel)
* *C’est beau* 1975 (theatre)
* *« disent les imbéciles »*, 1976 (novel)
* *L’Usage de la parole* 1980 (tr. *The Uise o Speech*) (novel)
* *Enfance* 1983 (tr. *Childhood*) (autobiografie)
* *Tu ne t’aimes pas* 1989 (novel)
* *Elle est là* 1993 (tr. *It is Thare*) (theatre)
* *Pour un oui ou pour un non* 1993 (theatre)
* *Ici* 1995 (novel)
* *Ouvrez* 1997 (novel)
* *Lecture* 1998

## See an aw
*''Le Monde'''s 100 Buiks o the Hunderyear, a leet whilk includes *Tropisms*

## Further readin
*Jean-Louis de Rambures, "Comment travaillent les écrivains", Paris 1978 (interview with N. Sarraute, in French)

## References

## Freemit airtins
*
* Brief biography  
* Critical bibliography (Auteurs.contemporain.info)  
* Spotlight on ... Nathalie Sarraute's 'The Planetarium'