Bolzano

**Bolzano**  (German: *Bozen*; Ladin: *Bulsan*; ) is a ceety an *[[comune]]* in the Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol region o Italy. Bolzano is an aa the caipital o the Sooth Tyrol.

The Sooth Tyrol Museum o Airchaeology in Bolzano is whaur the ice mummy "Ötzi" is kept.

Bolzano is the seat o the Free University o Bozen-Bolzano, whaur lectures an seminars held in Inglis, German, an Italian reflect the multilingual status o the region.

In 2008 Bolzano wis ane o the locations, in the region Trentino-Alto Adige, whaur the seivent edition o the warld renouned Manifesta, the European Biennial o Contemporary Airt wis held.

The ceety is an aa the hame o the Italian Airmy's Alpini Heich Command (COMALP) an some o its combat an support units.

## History

Inhabitit bi the Raetian Isarci fowk, a dounset wis biggit bi the Romans efter the aurie's conquest bi general Nero Claudius Drusus in 15 BC, tae whom the name o the dounset *Pons Drusi* ("Drusus Brig") referred. The nearbi veelage wis cried *Bauzanum*. Wi the end o the Roman empire a Bavarian immigration began an the first mentionin o a Bavarian coont as ruler o Bolzano dates frae 679. The aurie haes been sattled bi German populations syne then. Bolzano haes been an important tradin pynt syne its elevation tae a toun on 24 Juin 1190 bi bishop Konrad o Trient, due tae its location in atween the twa major ceeties o Venice an Augsburg. Fower times a year a mercat wis held an traders came frae the sooth an the north. The mercantile magistrate wis therefore foondit in 1635. Ivery mercat saison twa Italic an twa Germanic officers (appointit frae the traders who operatit thare) wirked in this office. The ceety wis a cultural crosspoint at that time, an still is tae this day.

Afore Warld War I, Bolzano wis pairt o the Austro–Hungarian coonty o Tyrol. It wis annext bi Italy at the end o Warld War I an on 1 Januar 1927 became a provincial caipital. At the time o its annexation, Bolzano wis primarily a German-speakin ceety, wi a pre-war population o 30,000 fowk. In the 1920s the ceety, alang wi the rest o the province, wis subjectit tae an intensive Italianization programme unner orders frae Benito Mussolini. The aim wis tae ootnumber the local German-speakin population bi triplin the population wi Italian-speakin immigrants drawn frae the auld provinces.

Durin Warld War II, Bolzano wis the site o the Nazi Bolzano Transit Camp, a concentration camp for Jews an poleetical preesoners.

## Society an economy
Accordin tae the 2001 census, 73% o the ceety indwallers speak Italian, 26.29% German an 0.71% Ladin as thair first leid. The ceety thrives on a mix o auld an new—heich-quality intensive agricultur (includin wine, fruit an dairy products), tourism, traditional handicraft (wid, ceramics) an advanced services. Hivy industry (machinery, automotive, steel) instawed durin the 1930s haes nou been maistly dismantled. On the dounside, the local economy is vera dependent on the public sector, an especially the provincial govrenment.

Bolzano is the biggest ceety in the province o Bolzano-Bozen, which is an autonomous province in Northren Italy wi a special statute. This statute preserves the richts o the autochthonous German-speakin minority in Italy. This unique seestem haes been admired bi the Dalai Lama, who visitit the ceety on several occasions tae study a possible application in Cheenese-occupee'd Tibet. It haes an aa been presentit as role model for the successfu an fair resolution o inter-ethnic conflict tae ither regions o the warld.

Bolzano wis rankt as haein the seicont heichest quality o life o Italian ceeties in 2007, wi neighbourin Trento toppin the leet.

## Ceety destricts an neighborin communities

Ceety destricts:
* Centro-Piani-Rencio (German: *Zentrum-Bozner Boden-Rentsch*)
* Don Bosco
* Europa-Novacella (German: *Europa-Neustift*)
* Gries-San Quirino (German: *Gries-Quirein*)
* Oltrisarco-Aslago (German: *Oberau-Haslach*)

Neighbourin communities are: Eppan an der Weinstraße, Karneid, Laives, Deutschnofen, Ritten, Jenesien, Terlan, an Vadena.

Ither important nearbi touns are Brixen, Bruneck an Merano.

## Transportation
Bolzano is connectit tae the heichway A22-E45 tae Trento an Verona an tae Innsbruck (Austrick) an Munich (Germany).

The ceety is an aa connectit tae the Italian railway seestem. Bolzano railway station, opened in 1859, forms pairt o the Brenner railway (Verona–Innsbruck), which is the main railway route atween Italy an Germany.  The station is an' a' a junction o twa branch lines, tae Merano an Mals, respectively.

Different airlines provide flichts frae Bolzano Airport (IATA: BZO) tae Roum, Vienna, Milan an ither destinations.

## Sport
The toun is host tae an annual road runnin competeetion – the BOclassic – which features an elite men's 10K an weemen's 5K races. The event, first held in 1975, takes place on New Year's Eve an is broadcast live on telly bi Rai Sport Più.

### Local teams
;Fitbaw
*F.C. Südtirol-Alto Adige plays in Lega Pro Seconda Divisione (Promotit tae Lega Pro Prima Divisione in 2009-10 saison)
*F.C. Bolzano 1996 plays in Serie D

;Handbaw
*SSV Bozen Handbaw A-Elite Liga

;Ice hockey
*HC Bolzano Bozen Tods plays in Serie A1
*EV Bozen 96 plays in Serie A2

;Rugby
*Sudtirolo Rugby Cavaliers The Cavaliers plays in Serie C

;American Fitbaw
*Giants Bolzano The Giants plays in IFL (Italian Football League), the first league o the FIDAF

## Twin ceeties
* Sopron, Hungary

## Freemit airtins

*  Hamepage o the ceety
*Tourism office o the ceety
* Bolzano Winery - Kellerei Bozen - Cantina Bolzano
*