open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Cantonese

**Cantonese** is a leid spoken in an aroond the ceety o Canton (now Guangzhou) in soothren Cheenae, bi the majority population o Hong Kong an Macau, an as a lingua franca o Guangdong province, eastren Guangxi province, an some neighborin auries.  It is uised in Hong Kong an Macau as the *de facto* offeecial spoken leid o government an instruction in schools.  It is spoken bi owerseas Cheenese communities in Canadae, Peru, Panama, the Unitit States an Australie, as weel as atouer Europe an Sootheast Asie, bein the maist widely spoken Cheenese leid an a lingua franca in mony o these communities. While the same "Cantonese" generally refers narraely tae the Hong Kong-Guangzhou dialect, it is also uised in a braider sense for the Yue branch o Cheenese, whilk includes sib dialects lik Taishanese.

The Cantonese leid is an aa viewed as pairt o the cultural identity for the native speakers athort muckle swathes o soothren Cheenae. Awthoch Cantonese skares muckle vocabulary an grammatical structur wi Mandarin Cheenese, the twa leids arna mutually intelligible, in muckle pairt acause o pronunciation differences.

## Names
In Inglis, the term "Cantonese" is ambiguous. Cantonese proper is the dialect native tae the ceety o Canton, whilk is the traditional Inglis name o Guangzhou, an later brocht tae Hong Kong an Macau; this narrae sense mey be specified as "Canton dialect" or "Guangzhou dialect" in Inglis.

Housomeivver, "Cantonese" mey an aa refer tae the primary branch o Cheenese whilk conteens Cantonese proper as weel as Taishanese an Gaoyang; this braider uisage mey be specified as "Yue" (粤). In this airticle, "Cantonese" will be uised for Cantonese proper.

## References
Pak Kret Destrict

**Pak Kret** () is a destrict (*[[amphoe]]*) in the northeastren pairt o Nonthaburi Province, central Thailand. 

## Geografie

The destrict is locatit in the northeast o the province. It borders (frae north clockwise) the districts Lat Lum Kaeo an Mueang Pathum Thani o Pathum Thani Province, Don Mueang an Lak Si o Bangkok, an Mueang Nonthaburi an Bang Bua Thong o Nonthaburi.

The destrict is crossed bi the Chao Phraya River. A lairge oxbow o the river haes been shortened bi a canal, Khlong Lat Kret, dug in 1722 in the Ayuthaya Era, tae form the island o Ko Kret.

## Attractions an travel
### Ko Kret

### Mueang Thong Thani
Mueang Thong Thani is a satellite ceety wi heich-rise condominiums developed bi Bangkok Land in 1989, the company built Mueang Thong Thani Stadium in 1998 for the 13t Asian Games. The stadium wis later renamed IMPACT Exhibition Center. It includes a 12,000 entertainment an sports arena, which is the primary lairge-scale concert venue for Bangkok, as well as a convention center for trade shows.

## Eddication
A pairtial leet o primary an seicontar schuils in Pak Kret:
#Nawamintarachinuthid Horwang Nonthaburi School (an aa cawed Horwangnon)http://www.hwn.ac.th
#Suan Kulab Wittayalai Nonthaburi School (an aa cawed Suannon)
#Pakkred Secondary Schoolhttp://www.pk.ac.th/ 
#Triamudom Suksa Nomklao Nonthaburi School(an aa cawed Triam Nom Non )
#Wat Poramai Yigawat School
#Wat Salakun School
#Pichaya Suksa School
#International School Bangkok
#Rose Marie Academy
#Saint Francis Xavier School

## Transportation
There are 10 main roads in Pak Kret,
#Kanchanaphisek Road
#Chaeng Watthana Road
#Tiwanon Road
#Nonthaburi-Pathum Thani Road
#Bang Bua Thong-Pathum Thani Road
#Phummiwet Road.
#Liang Mueang Pak Kret Road (Pak Kret Bypass)
#Si Saman Road
#Chaiyaphruek Road
#Ratchaphruek Road

## Admeenistration
The destrict is subdividit intae 12 subdestricts (*[[tambon]]*). These are further subdividit intae 85 veelages (*[[muban]]*).

5 o the *tambon* coverin 34 veelages belang tae the ceety (*[[thesaban nakhon]]*) o Pak Kret. The ither 7 *tambon* are each admeenistrated bi a Tambon Admeenistrative Organization (TAO).

## Freemit airtins
* Impact Arena, Exhibition and Convention Center
* Site dedicated to Muang Thong Thani
*
Kazakh leid

**Kazakh** (an aa **Qazaq** an variants, natively **,  , ; pronoonced ) is a Turkic leid closely relatit tae Kyrgyz an Karakalpak.

Kazakh is an agglutinative leid, an it employs vowel harmony.

## Geographic distribution
The Kazakh leid haes its speakers (mainly Kazakhs) spread ower a vast territory frae the Tian Shan muntains tae the Ural muntains. Kazakh is the offeecial state leid o Kazakhstan, in which nearly 10 million speakers are reportit tae live (based on the CIA Warld Factbuik's estimates for population an percentage o Kazakh speakers). Mair nor a million speakers reside in Cheenae's Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region.
The 2002 Roushie Census reportit 560,000 Kazakh speakers in Roushie.
Ither sizable populations o Kazakh speakers live in Mongolie (fewer than 200,000). Lairge numbers exist elsewhaur in Central Asie (maistly in Uzbekistan) an the umwhile Soviet Union, an in Afghanistan an ither kintras. Thare are an aa some Kazakh speakers in Germany who immigratit frae Turkey in the 1970s.

## References
Turkmen leid

**Turkmen** (Latin script: türkmençe, türkmen tili, Cyrillic: түркменче, түркмен дили, Perso-Arabic: تورکمن ﺗﻴﻠی ,تورکمنچه; an aa *Trukhmen*) is the name o the naitional leid o Turkmenistan. It is spoken bi approximately 3,000,000 fowk in Turkmenistan, an bi an additional approximately 380,000 in northwastren Afghanistan an 500,000 in northeastren Iran.

## References
Uzbek leid

**Uzbek** (*O‘zbek tili* or *O'zbekcha* in Laitin script, *Ўзбек тили* or *Ўзбекча* in Cyrillic script; أۇزبېك ﺗﻴﻠی in Arabic script) is a Turkic leid an the offeecial leid o Uzbekistan. It haes aboot 25.5 million native speakers, an it is spoken bi the Uzbeks in Uzbekistan an elsewhaur in Central Asie. Uzbek belangs tae the sootheastren Turkic or Uyghur faimlie o Turkic leids, an consequently its lexicon an grammar are maist closely linked tae the Uyghur leid, whiles ither influences rase frae Persie, Arabic an Roushie.

## References
Banner o Burundi

The naitional **banner o Burundi** wis adoptit on Mairch 28, 1967.  It consists o a white saltire whilk divides the field intae alternatin reid an green auries.  The saltire's centre merges intae a white disk, on whilk thare is three reid solit sax-pointit stars ootlined in green. The ratio o the banner wis 2:3 till September 27, 1982.

## Seembolism
The green colour seembolises howp, the white seembolises peace, an reid thaim wha fell in the struggle for unthirldom.  The three starns staunds fur the three major ethnic groups o Burundi: the Hutu, the Twa an the Tutsi. The three stars forby staunds fur the three elements o the naitional motto: *Unité, Travail, Progrès* ("Unity, Wirk, Progress"), whilk can be seen on the Coat o airms o Burundi.

## Umwhile versions o the banner

File:Flag of Burundi (1962–1966).svg|Banner frae Julie 1, 1962 tae November 28, 1966.  Contained a drum in the centre as a seembol o ryal authority.
File:Flag of Burundi (1966).svg|Banner uised on November 28 an November 29 o 1966
File:Flag of Burundi (1966–1967).svg|Banner frae November 29, 1966 tae Mairch 28, 1967
File:Flag of Burundi (1967–1982).svg|Banner frae Mairch 28, 1967 tae September 27, 1982



## External links
*
Banner o Zimbabwe

The **banner o [[Zimbabwe]]** wis adoptit on Aprile 18, 1980. The soapstone bird featurt on the banner represents a statuette o a bird foond at the ruins o Great Zimbabwe. The bird seembolises the history o Zimbabwe; the reid star beneath it seembolises the revolutionary struggle for liberation an peace.

## Colours
Offeecially, the meanings o the colours on the banner are as follaes:
***Green**: the agriculture an rural auries o Zimbabwe
***Yellow**: the wealth o minerals in the kintra
***Red**: the bluid shed durin the first an seicont Chimurenga (wars)
***Black**: the heritage an ethnicity o the native Africans o Zimbabwe
***White Triangle**: peace
***Zimbabwe Bird**: The Naitional Seembol o Zimbabwe
***Red Star**: the naition's hopes an aspirations for the future (as well as ZANU-PF's socialist beliefs)

The colours are uised on the banner o the rulin ZANU PF pairty.
Occitan leid

**Occitan** (*occitan*, *lenga d'òc*) is a Romance leid, spak an unnerstuid bi as mony as 0.5 million fowk in soothren Fraunce, Monaco, Catalonie's Val d'Aran, an the Occitan Valleys o Italy. Th'gither thae regions are sometimes referrit tae as Occitania. The leid is still spak in the linguistic exclave o Guardia Piemontese in Calabrie, Italy, an historically in a number o communities in the Americas: Valdese, North Carolina; Quebec; Pigüé, Argentinae; an Guanajuato, Mexico. It is a co-offeecial leid o the Spaingie autonomous community o Catalonie.

## References
Coat o airms o Zimbabwe

The **[[Coat o Airms]] o [[Zimbabwe]]** wis adoptit on September 21, 1981, ane year an five month efter the naitional banner wis adoptit.

## Description
The Coat o Airms depicts twa kudus on the left an richt, each standin on tap o an earthly moond componed o stalks o wheat, a pile o cotton, an a heid o maize.  At thair feet thare is an' a' a banner emblazoned wi the Zimbabwe naitional motto *(Unity, Freedom, Wirk)*.  The shield itself is green, featurin 14 waves o alternatin white an blue waved lines at tap (chief argent), an an' a' at the centre o the shield a representation o the auncient Kinrick o Great Zimbabwe is shawn.  Placed ahint the shield are an agricultural hoe (tae the left) an an automatic rifle (tae the richt), baith o which are tied wi twistit strips o green an gowd silk.  On the crest, the red star an the Great Zimbabwe Bird, which are an aa depictit in the naitional banner, are shawn.

## Meanings
The meanings o the Zimbabwe Coat f Airms are as follaes:
***Kudus**: the unity o Zimbabwe's various ethnic groups
***Earthly Moond wi plants**: the need tae always provide for the Zimbabweans
***Motto Banner**: the need tae maintain naitional unity an the preservation o freedom
***Green Shield**: the fertility o the kintra's soil an watter
***Great Zimbabwe**: the historical heritage o the naition
***Hoe an Rifle**: Celebrates the struggle for peace an democracy, as well as the proud wirk-ethic o the Zimbabwean fowk. Thay an aa seembolise the transition frae war tae peace.
***Strips o Silk o gowd an green**: the naitional financial enterprise ad the pertection o the economy
***Red Star**: hope for the future o Zimbabwe.  Conveys the revolutionary naitur o the 1980 achievement majority rule, an the struggle towards a fair, equal society.
***Great Zimbabwe Bird**: naitional identity
***Blue an White Wavy Lines**: Victoria Faws, watter which brings prosperity.

## See also
* Coat o airms o Rhodesie
Banner o Bahrain

The naitional **banner o [[Bahrain]]** () consists o a white baund on the left, separatit frae a reid aurie on the richt bi five triangles that serve as a serratit line.

Red is the traditional colour for banners o the Arab states o the Persian Gulf. The white is on the hoist side; the five pynts represent the five pillars o Islam.

It is vera seemilar tae the banner o Qatar, which haes mair pynts an haes a daurker reid.

## History
The auldest kent banners o Bahrain wur plain reid. In 1820, Bahrain signed a treaty wi the Unitit Kinrick, an a white stripe wis addit tae the banner tae indicate the truce. In 1932, a serrated edge wis addit tae distinguish the banner o Bahrain frae those o its neighbours.

The banner oreeginally haed twintie-aicht white pynts, but this wis reduced tae aicht in 1972. In 2002 the nummer o triangles wis again reduced tae five, sae that each o the pynts coud staund for ane o the Five Pillars o Islam.

## Gallery

File:Royal Standard of Bahrain.svg|Ryal Standard
File:Flag of Bahrain (1932 to 1972).svg|Banner uised frae 1932 tae 1972.
File:Flag of Bahrain (1820-1932).png|Banner uised frae 1820 tae 1932.
File:Flag of Bahrain (before 1820).png|Banner uised afore 1820
File:bahrain.royal.flight.b747sp-21.a9c-hmh.arp.jpg|The banner o Bahrain on the fin o the Bahrain Ryal Flight Boeing 747SP

## References
Ang Mey

**Queen Ang Mey** () was the 97t Monarch ruler durin the Oudong era or the Daurk ages o Cambodie. She is famous for being ane o few female rulers in Cambodie's History. Installed on the Cambodian throne bi the Vietnamese, she reigned durin the domination o Siamese-Vietnamese War (1841-1845)

Queen Ang Mey, kent as Queen *Ba-cong-chua* or *Ksat Trey* an aw, wis proclaimed on the daith o her faither bi the Vietnamese faction at court wi the title o *My-lam-quan-chua* in Januar 1835, an deposed in August 1840. She wis reinstatit in 1844, an again deposed bi the Vietnamese an taken tae Huế wi her sisters in 1845.

### The Latest Life

Durin Ang Mey's lived wi the memory o the daith an dishonour for ower twent years. Norodom left her in the care o auld retainer when he an his court moved tae Phnom Penh. At Oudong An Mey coud still believed that she haed some dignity, an her servants coud placate the villagers whom she assaultit when her mind wis unbalanced or pay for the guids as she teuk the richt frae the merchants in the market.

During she allaed tae return tae Oudong efter the cession o hostilities in 1847. She later married an unkent man an haed twa dochters She an her husband dee'd in an accident in late December 1874 but crematit at Phnom Penh in 1884.

## References
Bhavavarman I

**Bhavavarman I** wis a king of the Cambodian kinrick o Kamboja, whilk woud later become the Khmer empire. Though the fou dates o his ring is wankent, it is kent that he reigned aroond the year 550.

Bhavavarman's queen wis named *Kambuja-raja-lakshmi*, an it wis through her that he inheritit the ryal lineage. He wis vera likely the grandson o the king o Funan, a neighbourin an mair pouerful Cambodian kinrick.

The main accomplishment o Bhavavarman's ring wis the expansion o Kamboja intae the Mekong river glen, attackin baith Funan an Champa, an ancient Vietnamese kinrick. The raisons for thir attacks isnae clear, but maist like revolve aroond the accession o Rudravarman tae the Funan throne; Rudravarman killt the legitimate heir tae the throne, an Bhavavarman mey hae seen hissel as a richtful member o that lineage. It isna clear, housomeivver, gif he wantit tae claim the throne o Funan for hissel, or tae simply see Rudravarman unseatit so that the next legitimate heir coud tak it.

He wis succeedit bi his brither Chitrasena, wha teuk the king name Mahendravarman. Cheenese records o the time indicate that Chitrasena wis responsible for mair o the conquests an battles than his brither, but it seems fair tae assume that thae wur the actions o baith kings. The Cheenese records indicate that, aroond this time at the beginnin o the 7t century, the king o Funan wis replaced, and that the new king wis a 'bad king' wha didna support Buddhism; aither Bhavavarman or his brither could fit that definition, as baith belanged the tradeitional Shivaite releigion o Kamboja.

## References
*Coedes, G. (1962). *The Making of South-east Asia*. London: Cox & Wyman Ltd.
Phitsanulok

**Phitsanulok** (, ) is an important an historic ceety in lawer northren Thailand an is the caipital o Phitsanulok Province, which stretches aw the wey tae the Laotian border.

Phitsanulok is ane o the auldest ceeties in Thailand, foondit ower 600 years ago. It is probably best kent as the birthplace o King Naresuan, who freed the kintra frae Burmese domination in the late 16t Yearhunner, an his brither an successor King Ekathosarot (Sanpet III).

As the cross-road atween the northren an central regions o the kintra, it haes lang been important baith for poleetical an strategic reasons, an wis focht ower mony times in yearhunners past.

Phitsanulok wis the caipital o Thailand for 25 years durin the reign o King Boromma Trailokanat o Ayutthaya. Locatit on the banks o the Nan River, the ceety wis oreeginally a sma Khmer ootpost kent as Sang Kwae, afore the Khwae Noi River chynged its course in the 11t Century A.D.  Phitsanulok wis an' a' a provincial centre o the Angkorian Empire durin the Angkorian period. 

Phitsanulok is hame tae Naresuan University an Pibulsongkram Rajabhat University, as well as tae a major Ryal Thai Airmy base.

## Etymology
*Sang Khwae-The first element, 'sang', means the nummer twa.  The seicont element, 'khwae', means tributary.  A loose translation o the entire name wad be *Twa Rivers*.
*Phitsanulok-The first element, 'Phitsanu' (Thai:  พิษณุ), is a cognate o Vishnu, a Hindu god (see, e.g. Witnu, Thai:  วิษณุ).  Lack o a v soond in the Thai leid accoonts for the twa forms.  The seicont element, 'lok' (Thai:  โลก,) means globe o warld.  A loose translation o the entire name wad be *Vishnu's Heaven.*

## References
Asturian leid

**Asturian** (*asturianu*, or *bable*) is a Romance leid o the Wast Iberian group, Astur-Leonese Subgroup, spoken in the Spaingie Region o Asturie bi the Asturian fowk. In Asturies, even though it is no an offeecial leid, it is protectit unner the Autonomous Statute legislation an is an optional leid at schools.

## References
Valencie leid

**Valencie** is a romance leid historical, traditional, an offeecially uised in the Valencie Commonty. Valencian is a dialect o the Catalan (*català*)  

Accordin tae the  approved in 1982, Valencie is the Valencie Commonty's awn leid, an its ceetizens hae the richt tae ken it an tae uise it.

## References
Leids o the Unitit Kinrick

The Unitit Kinrick daesna hae a constitutionally defined offeecial leid. Inglis is the main leid (bein spoken monolingually bi mair nor 95% o the UK population) an sae is the *[[de facto]]* offeecial leid.

## List o the leids o the Breetish Isles
The Breetish Isles haes 12 native leids o which 2 hae been revived in the last 100 years, Cornish & Manx. There are the celtic leids o Wales, Ireland & Scotland alang wi the Romance langages o the Chainel Islands.

### Germanic Leids
*Inglis
*Scots
**Ulster Scots

### Celtic Leids
*Erse Gaelic
*Welsh
*Scots Gaelic
*Cornish
*Manx Gaelic

### Romance Leids
*Jersey Legal French
*Jèrriais
*Guernésiais
*Sercquiais

Thare are 4 extinct leids o the Breetish Isles an aw;
*Auregnais
*Norn
*Pictish
*Cumbric
Human richts in the Fowkrepublic o Cheenae

**Human richts in the [[Fowkrepublic o Cheenae]]** is a maiter o differ atween the Cheenae govrenment an ither kintras an NGOs. Organisations sic as the *[[Unitit States Depairtment o State|U.S. State Department]]*, *[[Amnesty International]]*, an *[[Human Rights Watch]]* haes wytit the Cheenae govrenment for stintin the freedoms o speech, muivement, an releegion o its ceetizens. The Cheenae govrenment argies for a braider defineetion o human richts, tae include economic an social as weel as poleetical richts, aw in relation tae naitional cultur an the level o oncome o the kintra. In this regaird, Cheenae says, human richts is bein bettert in Cheenae.

Housomeiver, mony human richts organisations mainteens a leetany o plaints agin the Cheenae govrenment. Controversial human richts issues in Cheenae includes policies sic as caipital punishment, the ae-bairn policy, the social status o Tibetans, an want o protections regairdin freedom o the press an releegion. Ane o the foremaist auries o concern is a want o legal richts, for want o a independent juidiciar, rule o law, an due process. Anither kenspeckle aurie o concern is want o labour richts that's is sib tae the ''hukou'' seestem, the want o independent unions, an discreemination agin landwart wirkers an ethnic minorities. Yet anither aurie o concern is the want o releegious freedom, hielichtit bi state clashes wi Christian, Tibetan Buddhist, an Falun Gong groups. Some indeegenous groups is ettlin tae rax thir freedoms; they are *[[Human Rights in China (organisation)|Human Rights in China]]*, *[[Chinese Human Rights Defenders]]* (CHRD) an *[[China Human Rights Lawyers Concern Group]]* (CHRLCG).

## Legal seestem
The Cheenese govrenment recogneeses that there are problems wi the current legal seestem, sic as:
* A want o laws in general, no juist anes tae uphaud ceevil richts.
* A want o due process.
* Conflicts o law.

As juidges is appyntit bi the State an the juidiciar as a hale disna hae its ain budget, this haes led tae corruption an the abuiss o admeenistrative pouer.

## References
Human richts

**Human richts** is "richts an freedoms that aw humans is enteetelt tae". Them that propones the concept for ordinar threaps that awbody is endoued wi certain enteetlements juist bi raison o bein human alane. Frae that human richts is conceived in a universalist an egalitarian mainer. Sic enteetlements can exist as shared norms o actual human moralities, as juistifee'd moral norms or naitural richts uphauden bi strang raisons, or as legal richts aither at a naitional level or athin internaitional law. Housomeiver, thare is nae consensus as tae the preceese naitur o whit in parteecular shoud or shoudna be regairdit as a human richt in ony o the aforegane senses, an the abstract concept o human richts haes been a subject o intense philosophical debate an creeticism.

## References
Changchun

**Changchun** () is the caipital an lairgest ceety o Jilin province, locatit in the northeast o the Fowkrepublic o Cheenae, in the centre o the Songliao Plain. It is administered as a sub-provincial ceety wi a population o aboot 7.5 million unner its jurisdiction, includin coonties an coonty-level ceeties. The name, which means "Lang Spring", oreeginatit frae the Jurchen leid. The urban districts o Changchun's ceety proper hae a tot population o 4.86 million.

## Internaitional relations

### Twin touns — Sister ceeties
Changchun is twinned wi:
* Minsk, Belaroushie (syne 1992)
* Quebec Ceety, Quebec, Canadae
* Windsor, Ontario, Canadae
*  Wolfsburg, Germany (syne 2006)
* Sendai, Miyagi, Japan (syne 1980)
* Masterton, New Zealand
* Chelyabinsk, Roushie
* Novosibirsk, Roushie
* Saunt Petersburg, Roushie
* Ulan Ude, Ryn (syne 2000)
* Novi Sad, Serbie
*  Žilina, Slovakie
* Ulsan, Sooth Korea (syne 1994)
* Birmingham, Unitit Kinrick
* Flint, Michigan, Unitit States
* Little Rock, Arkansas, Unitit States
* Stonington, Connecticut, Unitit States
* Nuuk, Greenland

## References
Stop at Nothing

***Stop at Nothing*** is the fowert album bi the Maryland-based technical daith metal baund Dying Fetus. Ance again, Steve Carr's production wis uised.

Shortly efter the release o the baund's previous album, *[[Destroy the Opposition]]*, aw o the baund except for John Gallagher quit. Gallagher brocht in new vocalist Vince Matthews, guitarist Mike Kimball, bassist Sean Beasley, an drummer Eric Seyanga. This album is slichtly different frae earlier DF records, in that it includit less o thair oreeginal form.

The black an white pairt o the cover o the album is pairt o the photo taken bi Lewis Wickes Hine, American sociologist an photographer, cawed "Power house mechanic working on steam pump".  The steam pump, on the cover, is put intae colour while the oreeginal photo wis completely black an white.

## Track leetin
# Schematics - 3:59
# Ane Shot, Ane Kill - 4:25
# Institutions o Deceit - 3:39
# Abandon Aw Hope - 6:22
# Forced Elimination - 3:22
# Stop at Nothing - 3:09
# Onslaught o Malice - 5:33
# Vengeance Unleashed - 5:08

## Personnel

* John Gallagher: Guitars/vocals
* Mike Kimball: Guitars
* Vince Matthews: Vocals
* Sean Beasley: Bass
* Eric Seyanga: Drums

## Trivia
A video wis produced for the sang Ane Shot, Ane Kill.

"Schematics" wis featurt in the seicont saison episode Tree Tap Casino o Viva La Bam. Additionally, "Forced Elimination" wis featurt in the third saison episode Angry Ape o Viva La Bam.

## References
Human richts in Sooth Africae

**Human richts in [[Sooth Africae]]** are protectit unner the constitution. The 2009 Human Richts Report bi the Unitit States Depairtment o State notit that the government generally respectit the richts o the citizens, housomeivver there wur concerns ower the uise o force bi law enforcement, legal proceedings an discrimination. 

## References

## Freemit airtins
* Human Richts in Republic o Sooth Africae, Amnesty International
War of Attrition

***War of Attrition*** is the fift album bi Dying Fetus. The album's leerics wur written solely bi guitarist Mike Kimball (see album buiklet). This release haes seen hie praise frae oreeginal fans due tae its return tae traditional DF form. It is an aa their 1st self-produced album in 9 years.

Umwhile co-vocalist Vince Matthews an umwhile drummer Eric Seyanga depairtit in 2005 tae form the baund Covenance. Gallagher ance again foond a new member: drummer Duane Timlin. Wi this line-up, Gallagher promised tae record wha he cawed "oor maist brutal album yet."

It is aiblins Dying Fetus' maist politeecally-influenced album, containin leerics that tackled the War on Terror, reality TV, an the flaws athin the juistice seestem. True tae DF roots, it is an aa rather violent, as richt efter the band describes their topic, they aften switch tae hou they kill their victims.

## Track leetin
# Homicidal Retribution - 5:29
# Fate Of The Condemned - 4:41
# Raping The System - 6:11
# Insidious Repression - 3:32
# Unadulterated Hatred - 4:47
# The Ancient Rivalry - 3:41
# Parasites Of Catastrophe - 4:12
# Obsolete Deterrence - 4:13

## Line Up

*John Gallagher: Guitars/vocals
*Mike Kimball: Guitars
*Sean Beasley: Bass/vocals
*Duane Timlin: Drums
Leon Trotsky

**Leon Trotsky** (Roushie: ,  (*Lev Davidovich Trotsky*, an aa transliteratit *Lyev*, *Trotski*, *Trotskij*, *Trockij* an *Trotzky*);  – 21 August 1940), born **Lev Davidovich Bronstein** (), wis a Roushie Marxist revolutionary an theorist, Soviet politeecian, an the foonder an first leader o the Red Airmy.

Trotsky wis ane o the leaders o the Roushie October Revolution, seicont ae tae Vladimir Lenin. Durin the early days o the Soviet Union, he servit first as Fowkcommissar for Foreign Affairs an later as the foonder an commander o the Red Airmy an Fowkcommissar o War, he wis a major figure in the Bolshevik victory in the Roushie Civil War. He wis amang the first memmers o the Politburo an aw.

Efter leadin a failed struggle o the Left Opposition against the policies an rise o Joseph Stalin in the 1920s an the increasin role o bureaucracy in the Soviet Union, Trotsky wis successively remuivit frae pouer, expelled frae the Communist Pairty, deportit frae the Soviet Union an assassinatit on Stalin's orders. An early advocate o Reid Airmy intervention against European fascism, Trotsky opposed Stalin's peace greements wi Adolf Hitler in the 1930s an aw.

As the heid o the Fowert Internaitional, Trotsky continued in exile tae oppose the Stalinist bureaucracy in the Soviet Union, an wis eventually assassinatit in Mexico, bi Ramón Mercader, a Soviet agent. Trotsky's ideas form the basis o Trotskyism, a major schuil o Marxist thocht that is opposed tae the theories o Stalinism.

### Epilogue
Trotsky's hoose in Coyoacán wis preserved much as it wis on the day o the assassination an is the nou a museum run bi a buird whilk includes his grandson Esteban Volkov. The current director o the museum is Carlos Ramirez Sandoval. Trotsky's grave is locatit in the gairden on the grunds. A new foundation (Internaitional Friends o the Leon Trotsky Museum) haes been organisit for tae raise siller tae further improve the Museum.

Trotsky wis ane o the few Soviet poleetical figurs who wis niver rehabilitatit bi the Gorbachev admeenistration.

Trotsky wis rehabilitatit in 16 Juin 2001 on the basis o the decision o the General Prosecutor's Office.

Trotsky's grandson, Esteban Volkov, who lives in Mexico, is an active promoter o his grandfaither. Trotsky's great-granddochter, Mexican American Nora Volkow (Volkov's dochter), is currently heid o the U.S. National Institute on Drug Abuse.

## References
Destroy the Opposition

***Destroy the Opposition*** is the third album bi the Maryland daith metal baund Dying Fetus. This album marks a chynge in DF's direction, whaur the politeecal themes become dominant, which haes continued in aw o their albums frae this point on.

Producer Steve Carr wis brocht in tae help give the album a clearer, mair polisht soond. He an aa helped introduce the idea o writin mair politeecal sangs; housomeivver, John Gallagher haes an aa statit that he wantit tae take the baund in "a mair serious direction, an tae hopefully bring aboot some chynges in the warld. I ken that's no vera likely frae daith metal, but hey, we're tryin!"

In the 2004 buik "Choosing Death," *Destroy the Opposition* wis ane o the albums citit as an unnergrund daith-metal classic.

DF formed Blunt Force Records in 2000 as well.

## Track leetin
# Praise the Lord (Opium of the Masses) - 5:31
# Destroy the Opposition - 5:11
# Born in Sodom - 4:46 
# Epidemic of Hate - 4:42
# Pissing in the Mainstream - 1:57
# In Times of War - 3:08
# For Us or Against Us - 5:34
# Justifiable Homicide - 5:35
# Reduced To Slavery - 3:27 (ae available on Japanese Import)

## Line up

*John Gallagher: Guitars/vocals
*Jason Netherton: Bass/vocals
*Sparky Voyles: Guitars
*Kevin Talley: Drums
Grigori Rasputin

**Grigori Yefimovich Rasputin** ( ) (&nbsp;– ) wis a Roushie meestic who is perceived as haein influenced the latter days o the Roushie Emperor Nicholas II, his wife Alexandra, an thair ae son Alexei.  Rasputin haed aften been cawed the "Mad Monk", while ithers considered him a "strannik" (or religious pilgrim) an even a starets (, "elder", a title uisually reserved for monk-confessors), believin him tae be a psychic an faith healer.

## References
British Airways

**British Airways plc** (**BA**) is the banner carrier airline o the Unitit Kinrick which is based an heidquartered in Waterside, near its main hub at Lunnon Heathrow Airport. Breetish Airways operates a seicont hub at London Gatwick Airport an a third hub, served through its fully owned subsidiary, BA CityFlyer, at Lunnon Ceety Airport. British Airways is the lairgest airline in the UK based on fleet size, internaitional flichts an internaitional destinations. BA's UK passengers oreeginatin at non-Lunnon airports must connect via Lunnon efter British Airways discontinued aw direct owerseas flichts frae UK airports, ither than Heathrow, Gatwick an Lunnon Ceety Airports, wi the sale o BA Connect tae Breetish regional carrier Flybe in 2007.

## References
Azerbaijan Airlines

**Azerbaijan Airlines**, **AZAL**, (Azerbaijani: *Azərbaycan Hava Yolları*) is the naitional airline o Azerbaijan based in Baku. It is the state-awned airline operatin scheduled passenger an cargo services frae Baku tae the CIS, Europe, Cheenae an the Middle East, as well as domestic services. Its main base is Heydar Aliyev Internaitional Airport, Baku.

## References
EgyptAir

**EgyptAir** (Arabic: مصر للطيران, **) is the banner carrier airline o Egyp an a member o Star Alliance. The airline is based at Cairo Internaitional Airport, its main hub, operatin scheduled passenger an freight services tae mair nor 75 destinations in the Middle East, Europe, Africae, Asie, an the Americas. An extensive netwirk o domestic services is focused on Cairo, Egyp's caipital.

EgyptAir is Africae's lairgest airline, joinin Star Alliance on 11 Julie 2008. The company is heidquartered in the EgyptAir Administrative Complex on the grunds o Cairo Internaitional Airport in Cairo. The airline's logo is Horus, the sky deity in auncient Egyptian meethology, uisually depictit as a falcon or a man wi the heid o a falcon. The airline haes taken Horus as its logo acause o its auncient seembolism as a "winged god o the sun".
Air Zimbabwe

**Air Zimbabwe** is the naitional airline o Zimbabwe, heidquartered at Harare Internaitional Airport in Harare. It operates services in soothren Africae, Asie an tae Lunnon Gatwick Airport. Its main base is Harare Internaitional Airport.

## References
Grootfontein

**Grootfontein** is a ceety in Otjozondjupa Region, Namibie. It lies on the B8, a Namibian Naitional Road that leads frae Windhoek tae the Caprivi Strip, in the Otavi triangle. In Afrikaans, its name means "Big Spring" - thare is indeed a lairge hot spring near the toun.

## Overview
In 1885, 40 Boer families frae the north-wast o Sooth Africae settled at Grootfontein. Pairt o the Dorslandtrekker, thay wur heidin towards Angolae. When that territory fell unner Portuguese control, thay turned back an tried tae establish the "Republic Upingtonia" at Grootfontein. Abandoned bi 1887, it became the heidquarters o the South West Africa Company in 1893.

Lik aw the touns in the Otavi triangle, Grootfontein is vera green in simmer but drier in winter. In ware, jacaranda an flamboyant trees bloom in profusion. The toun haes an auld German Schutztruppe fortress frae the year 1896, which the day hooses a museum that expoonds on the local history. The economic mainspring o the aurie wur for mony decades the Berg Aukas an Abenab mines tae the north east o the toun. Thir produced zinc an vanadium but hae syne closed. This is dolomite kintra an the carbonate deposits in the upper pairts o the mine hae yieldit interestin fossils o simian or pongoid creatures that lived millions o years afore modren humans evolved.

Twintie fower kilometres wast o Grootfontein lies the huge Hoba meteorite. At ower 60 tons, it is the lairgest kent meteorite on Yird, as well as bein the lairgest naturally occurrin mass o iron kent tae exist on the planet's surface.

## References
Jubba Airways

**Jubba Airways** is an airline based in Somalie. It wis foondit in 1998 bi twa Calgary-based Somali entrepreneurs, Said Nur Qailie an Abdi Hashi Dalel.

Jubba Airways lairgely fills the niche vacatit bi the discontinued state-awned Somali Airlines, an serves destinations in Somalie includin Mogadishu, Hargeisa, Bosaso an Gaalkacyo. Flichts tae the UAE (Dubai, Sharjah) an flichts for Hajj pilgrims tae Jeddah are an aa important routes for the airline. Jubba Airways' heid offices are locatit in Dubai an in Mogadishu.

## Destinations
### Somalie
*Bosaso (Bender Qassim Internaitional Airport) --> Flichts tae DXB
*Gaalkacyo (Galcaio Airport) --> Flights to DXB
*Hargeisa (Egal Internaitional Airport) --> Flichts tae MGQ an DXB,
*Mogadishu (Aden Adde Internaitional Airport) **Hub** --> Flichts tae JIB, JED, DXB and HGA.

### Internaitional
***[[Djibouti]]** - Djibouti Ceety - (Djibouti-Ambouli International Airport) --> Flichts tae MGQ an DXB
***[[United Arab Emirates]]** - Dubai - (Dubai International Airport) **Main Hub** --> Flichts tae BSA, GLK, HGA, MGQ an JIB
***[[Saudi Arabia]]** - Jeddah - (Keeng Abdulaziz Internaitional Airport) --> Flights to MGQ

## Fleet
As o 25 September 2009, the Jubba Airways fleet consists o the follaein aircraft:

- 1 Boeing 737-200 (5Y-BXG)

- 2 Ilyushin IL-18 (EX-74267 & EX-75449)

## Notes

## Freemit airtins
*Jubba Airways 
*Aviation Photos - Jubba Airways
Armavia

**Armavia** () wis a airline wi its heid office on the grunds o Zvartnots Internaitional Airport in Zvartnots, Armenie, near Yerevan. It operatit internaitional passenger services frae Yerevan tae destinations in Europe an Asie. Its main base wis Zvartnots Internaitional Airport. It became bankrupt on 1 Aprile 2013.

## References
Kobus

**Kobus** mey refer tae:

* KOBUS!, a Sooth African metal baund
* Waldemar Kobus (born 1966), a German actor
* *[[Kobus (antelope)|Kobus]]*, a genus o antelope o the subfamily Reduncinae
Asesino

**Asesino** is a recurring project o Brujeria guitarist Dino Cazares, which haes featurt members o Brujeria, Fear Factory, Sepultura, Sadistic Intent an Static-X.

It is no unusual for Asesino tae dae Slayer covers live, maist notably "Angel of Death" or "Raining Blood". As wi Brujeria, the leerics are sung entirely in Spaingie an wi the same subject matter o daith, veeolence, an perversion. Guitarist Asesino describes the baund as "the new Brujeria." Asesino haes the tendency o makkin satirical comments durin the show an aw, an when playin Brujeria sangs, chynge the oreeginal leerics tae somethin mair fittin.

"Asesino" is Spaingie for "murtherer" or "assassin".

## Members
*Asesino (Dino Cazares) - guitars
*Maldito X (Tony Campos) - bass/vocals
*Sadístico (Emilio Márquez) - drums

### Umwhile Members
*Raymond Herrera - drums (ae appeared on the first Asesino album)

## Discography
**[[Corridos de Muerte]]* (2002)
**[[Cristo Satánico]]* (2006)

## References


## External links
*
FC Lokomotiv Saunt Petersburg

**FC Lokomotiv Saunt Petersburg** () wis a Roushie fitbaa team frae Saunt Petersburg. It played professionally in 1969 an frae 1992 tae 2000, includin 5 saisons (1996 tae 2000) in the seicont-heichest Roushie First Division. In 1996 the team merged wi FC Saturn-1991 Saunt Petersburg an played for ane saison as FC Lokomotiv-Saturn Saunt Petersburg.

## Reserve squad
Lokomotiv's reserve squad played professionally as **FC Lokomotiv-d St. Petersburg** in the Roushie Third League in 1996-1997.

## External links
*  Team history at KLISF
Faroese leid

**Faroese** (*føroyskt,* pronoonced  or ), is an Insular Nordic leid spoken bi aboot 50,000 fowk in the Faroe Islands an aboot 25,000 Faroese in Denmark an elsewhaur. It is ane o fower leids descendit frae the Auld Wast Norse leid spaken in the Middle Ages, the ithers being Icelandic, Norse an the extinct Norn, which is thoucht to hae been mutually intelligible wi Faroese. Faroese an Icelandic, its closest extant relative, are nae mutually intelligible in speech, but the scrievit leids resemble ilk ither a muckle.

## References
Gulf Arabic

**Gulf Arabic** (kent as Khaliji an aw, *al-lahja al-khalijiya* اللهجة الخليجية) is a variety o the Arabic leid spoken aroond baith shores o the Persie Gulf such as in Kuwait, Saudi Arabie, Bahrain, Qatar, the Unitit Arab Emirates, an Oman. Some notable characteristics that set it apairt frae ither Arabian dialects are the presence o Persian loanwirds an a pronunciation o *k* as *ch* (*kalb* "dog," read as *chalb*); *q* as *g* (*daqiqa* "minute," read as *dagiga*); an, in some instances, the pronunciation *j* as *y* (*jeeb* "bring" (masc), read as *yeeb*).

## References

## Relatit pages
* Varieties o Arabic
* Arabic leid
Persie leid

**Persie** (local name: ****, *Fārsi* ) is an Iranie leid athin the Indo-Iranie brainch o the Indo-European leids. It is widely spoken in Iran, Afghanistan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan an tae some extent in Armenie, Iraq, Bahrain, an Oman.

The Persie leid, whase native names is فارسی *Fārsi*, *[[Dari]]* (the dialect o Afghanistan) or *Fārsi-ye-Dari* (*Dari Persian*), can be clessifee'd linguistically as a conteenuation o Middle Persie, the offeecial releegious an leeterar leid o Sassanid Persie, itsel a conteenuation o Auld Persian, the leid o the Persiae Empire in Achaemenids era.  Persie is a pluricentric leid an its grammar is seemilar tae that o mony contemporar European leids.  The Persie leid haes been a medium for leeterar an scienteefic contreibutions tae the eastren hauf o the Muslim warld.

Persie haes haed a conseederable influence on neebourin leids, in parteecular the Turkic leids in Central Asie, Caucasus, an Anatolie, neebourin Iranie leids, as weel as Armenie, Arabic an ither leids. It haes exertit a strang influence on Sooth Asie leids an aw, specially Urdu, as weel as Hindi, Punjabi, Sindhi an Bengali.

## References
Banner o the Unitit Arab Emirates

The **banner o the [[Unitit Arab Emirates]]** () wis adoptit on December 2, 1971.

It contains the Pan-Arab colors red, green, white an black, which seembolise Arabian unity.           

In addition the individual colours hae the follaein meanings:
* Green: Fertility
* White: Neutrality
* Black: Oil wealth
* Red: Unity

Merchant ships mey flee the alternative civil ensign, a reid banner wi the naitional banner in the canton.

## Gallery




## Banner o each emirate
Each o the seiven emirates athin the Unitit Arab Emirates haes its awn banner:

## See an aa
* Trucial States

## Freemit airtins
*First raisin o the banner on 2 December, 1971 (photo)
*
Miami

**Miami** ( or ) is a major city locatit on the Atlantic coast in sootheastren Florida an the coonty seat o Miami-Dade Coonty, the maist populous coonty in Florida, an the aicht-maist populous coonty in the Unitit States, wi a population o 2,500,625. The 42nt lairgest city in the Unitit States, wi a population o 433,136, it is the principal, central, an maist populous city o the Miami metropolitan aurie, the maist populous metropolis in the Southeastren Unitit States. Accordin tae Unitit Naitions estimates, the Miami Urbanized Area wis the fift maist populous urbanized area in the U.S. in 2000 wi a population o 4,919,036, but in 2008 that nummer increased tae 5,232,342, makin it the fowert-lairgest urbanized area in the Unitit States, ahint New York Ceety, Los Angeles, an Chicago. The metropolitan aurie population is 5,547,051 (1 Julie 2009 estimate).

Miami is a major centre an a leader in finance, commerce, cultur, media, entertainment, the airts, an internaitional tred. In 2010, Miami ranked seivent in the Unitit States in terms o finance, commerce, cultur, entertainment, fashion, eddication, an ither sectors. It ranked thirtie-third amang global ceeties.

In 2008, Miami wis ranked as "Americae's Cleanest City" accordin tae Forbes Magazine for its year-roond guid air quality, vast green spaces, clean drinkin watter, clean streets an ceety-wide recyclin programs. In 2009, UBS study o 73 warld cities, Miami wis ranked as the richest city in the Unitit States an the warld's fift-richest city, in terms o purchasin pouer.

Downtown Miami an Sooth Florida are hame tae the lairgest concentration o internaitional banks in the Unitit States, an is hame tae mony lairge companies baith naitionally an internaitionally.

For well mair nor twa decades, the Port o Miami, kent as the "Cruise Caipital o the Warld" is the nummer ane cruise passenger port in the warld accommodatin some o the lairgest cruise ships in the warld, an operations an is the busiest in baith passenger traffeck an cruise lines.

## Sister ceeties

*  Amman, Jordan (syne 1995)
*  Ankara, Turkey
*  Bogotá, Colombie (syne 1971)
*  Buenos Aires, Argentinae (syne 1979)
*  Cochabamba, Bolivie
* Havana, Cuba (syne 1926)
*  Kagoshima, Japan (syne 1990)
*  Lima, Peru (syne 1977)
*  Managua, Nicaragua (syne 1991)
*  Murcia, Spain
*  Palermo, Italy (syne 2001)
*  Port-au-Prince, Haiti (syne 1991)
*  Qingdao, Fowkrepublic o Cheenae (syne 2005)
*  Salvador, Brazil (syne 2006)
*  Santiago, Chile (syne 1986)
*  Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic (syne 1987)
*  Varna, Bulgarie

## References
Jacksonville, Florida

**Jacksonville** is the lairgest ceety in the U.S. state o Florida an the coonty seat o Duval Coonty. The governments o the Ceety o Jacksonville an Duval Coonty consolidated in 1968, expandin Jacksonville's ceety leemits an makin it the lairgest ceety in land aurie continental Unitit States. Consequently maist o Jacksonville's metropolitan population lives athin its ceety leemits, an it is the maist populous ceety proper in Florida an the thirteent maist populous in the Unitit States. Jacksonville is the principal ceety in the Greater Jacksonville Metropolitan Aurie, a region wi a population o mair nor 1,313,228.

Jacksonville is locatit in the First Coast region o northeast Florida an is centred on the banks o the St. Johns River, aboot 25 mile (40&nbsp;km) sooth o the Georgie border an aboot 340 mile (547&nbsp;km) north o Miami. The Jacksonville Beaches communities are locatit alang the adjacent Atlantic coast. The aurie wis oreeginally inhabitit bi the Timucua fowk, an in 1564 wis the site o the French colony o Fort Caroline, ane o the earliest European settlements in wha is nou the continental Unitit States. Durin Florida's Breetish period a community grew at the nairae point in the river whaur cattle crossed, kent as **Wacca Pilatka** tae the Indians an **Cowford** tae the Breetish. The toun wis incorporatit in 1822, a year efter the Unitit States acquired the colony o Florida frae Spain, an renamed efter Andrew Jackson, the first military governor o the Florida Territory an seivent Preses o the Unitit States.

Harbor improvements syne the late 19t century hae made Jacksonville a major military an civilian deep-water port. Its riverine location facilitates twa U.S. Navy bases an the Port o Jacksonville, Florida's third lairgest seaport. Significant factors in the local economy include services sic as bankin, insurance, an healthcare; as wi muckle o Florida tourism is an aa important tae the Jacksonville aurie, in parteecular tourism relatit tae gowf.

## References
Sooth Yemen

The **Fowkdemocratic Republic o Yemen** — referred tae as **Democratic Yemen**, **Sooth Yemen**, **Sooth Arabie**, or **Yemen (Aden)** an aw — wis a socialist republic in the present-day soothren an eastren Provinces o Yemen. It unitit wi the Yemen Arab Republic, commonly kent as North Yemen, on Mey 22, 1990 tae form the current Republic o Yemen.

## Unification

Unlik East Germany an Wast Germany or North Korea an Sooth Korea, the northren Yemen Arab Republic (YAR) an the PDRY remained relatively friendly, tho relations wur aften strained. In 1972 it wis declared unification wad eventually occur.

Housomeivver, thir plans wur put on hauld in 1979, an war wis ae preventit bi an Arab League intervention. The goal o unity wis reaffirmed bi the northren an soothren heids o state durin a summit meetin in Kuwait in Mairch 1979.

In 1980, PDRY preses Abdul Fattah Ismail resigned an went intae exile. His successor, Ali Nasir Muhammad, teuk a less interventionist stance toward baith North Yemen an neighbourin Oman. On Januar 13, 1986, a violent struggle began in Aden atween Ali Nasir's supporters an supporters o the returned Ismail, who wantit pouer back. Fechtin lastit for mair nor a month an resultit in thoosans o casualties, Ali Nasir's ouster, an Ismail's daith. Some 60,000 fowk, includin the deposed Ali Nasir, fled tae the YAR. Ali Salim al-Beidh, an ally o Ismail who haed succeedit in escapin the attack on pro-Ismail members o the Politburo, then became General Secretary o the Yemeni Socialist Pairty.

In Mey 1988, the YAR an PDRY governments came tae an unnerstandin that considerably reduced tensions includin agreement tae renew discussions concernin unification, tae establish a joint ile exploration aurie alang thair undefined border, tae demilitarize the border, an tae allae Yemenis unrestrictit border passage on the basis o anerlie a naitional identification card.

## Economy
Thare wis little industrial ootput, or mineral wealth exploitation, in Sooth Yemen, till the mid-1980s, follaein the discovery o significant petroleum reserves in the central regions near Shibam an Mukalla. The main soorces o income wur agricultur, maistly fruit, cereal crops, cattle an sheep, fishin an later, ile exports.

The naitional budget wis 13.43 million dinars in 1976, an the gross naitional product wis USD $150 million. The tot naitional debt wis $52.4 million.