2016 Simmer Olympics

The **2016 Simmer Olympics** (Portuguese: *Jogos Olímpicos de Verão de 2016*), offeecially kent as the **Gemmes o the XXXI Olympiad** (*Jogos da XXXI Olimpíada*), wis a major internaitional multi-sport event celebratit in the tradeetion o the Olympic Gemmes, as govrened bi the Internaitional Olympic Committee (IOC). The host ceety o the Gemmes wis Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, annoonced at the 121st IOC Session held in Copenhagen, Denmark, on October 2, 2009. Thay war held frae August 5 tae 21, 2016, makin it the seicont Simmer Olympics held during the host ceety's winter (the first wis the Sydney 2000 Olympics, whase first week wis held durin the Soothren Hemisphere's winter). Thare war 35 competeetion venues mainly in Barra da Tijuca, but an aa in three ither zones: Copacabana, Deodoro, an Maracanã.
It merks the first time a Sooth American ceety hosts the event, the third tae host in the Soothren Hemisphere (an the first time in a Soothren Hemisphere kintra ither than Australie), an an aa the first time a Portuguese speakin kintra hosts the event. Thir war the first Simmer Olympic Gemmes syne the Sydney 2000 Olympics nae tae be held in the host naition's caipital ceety.

## Biddin process
The biddin process for the 2016 Olympic Gemmes wis offeecially launched on 16 Mey 2007. The first step for each ceety wis tae submit an ineetial application tae the Internaitional Olympic Committee (IOC) bi 13 September 2007, confirmin thair intention tae bid. Completit offeecial bid files, conteenin answers tae a 25-quaisten IOC form, war tae be submittit bi each applicant ceety bi 14 Januar 2008. Fower candidate ceeties war chosen for the shortleet on 4 Juin 2008: Chicago, Madrid, Rio de Janeiro an Tokyo (which hostit the 1964 Simmer Olympics an will host again in 2020). The IOC did nae promote Doha tae the Candidature phase, despite scorin heicher nor selectit candidate ceety Rio de Janeiro, acause o thair intent o hostin the Olympics in October, ootside o the IOC's sportin calendar. Prague an Baku an aa failed tae mak the cut.

The final votin wis held on 2 October 2009, in Copenhagen wi Madrid an Rio de Janeiro perceived as favourites tae laund the gemmes. Chicago an Tokyo war eleeminatit efter the first an seicont roonds o votin, respectively, while Rio de Janeiro teik a significant lead ower Madrid heidin intae the final roond. The lead held an Rio de Janeiro wis annoonced as host o 2016 Simmer Olympics. Failed bids frae ither Sooth American ceeties include Buenos Aires (1936, 1956, 1968, 2004) an Brasília, which widrew during the 2000 Simmer Olympic biddin process.




## Venues
Events teuk place at aichteen existing venues (aicht o which required some redevelopment), nine new venues constructit for the Simmer Gemmes, an seiven temporary venues that war remuived follaein the gemmes.

Each event wis held in ane o fower geografically segregatit Olympic clusters: Barra, Copacabana, Deodoro, an Maracanã. The same wis done for the 2007 Pan American Gemmes. Several o the venues war locatit at the Barra Cluster Olympic Pairk.

## The Gemmes

### Openin ceremony
The openin ceremony teuk place in the Maracanã Stadium on 5 August 2016. Performers includit Gilberto Gil, Anitta, an Caetano Veloso. The Olympic cauldron wis lit bi Vanderlei Cordeiro de Lima.

### Sports

The 2016 Summer Olympic program features 28 sports and a total of 41 disciplines and 306 events.

* Aquatics
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**Slalom (4)
**Sprint (12)
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**BMX (2)
**Moontain bikin (2)
**Road (4)
**Track (10)
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**Dressage (2)
**Eventin (2)
**Jumpin (2)
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**Airteestic (14)
**Rhythmic (2)
**Trampoline (2)
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**Volleyball (2)
**Beach volleyball (2)
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**Freestyle (12)
**Greco-Roman (6)

### Calendar



### Medal table

## Concerns an controversies
An ongangin ootbreak o the mosquito-borne Zika virus in Brazil haes raised fears regairdin its potential impact on athletes an veesitors. Organisers plan tae perform daily inspections o Olympic venues tae prevent puddles o stagnant water that allae mosquitoes tae breed. Zika virus transmission wis an aa attributit tae inefficient sewage treatment in the area, an sewage treatment is bein improved in preparation for the Gemmes.

The Guanabara Bay, whase watters war uised for sailin an windsurfin competeetions, is hivily pollutit. Amang the chief causes o the pollution are uncollectit trash fed intae the bay via pollutit rivers an slums alang the coast. Pollution o the Guanabara haes been a long-term issue.

## Notes


## References