पृथिव्याः लेखनपद्धतिसमूहः

**पृथिव्याः लेखनपद्धतिसमूहः**(Writing systems worldwide) वर्गीकृत्य सूचीरूपेण प्रस्तूयते । इदं वर्गीकरणं लिपीनां विशेषगुणान् परिलक्ष्य निर्मितमस्ति । यस्मात् लिपिप्रभेदाः सुस्पष्टरूपेण ज्ञायन्ते ।

400px|thumb|

## चित्रात्मक/भावचित्रात्मकलिपयः (Pictographic/ideographic writing systems) 
* Aztec Nahuatl Although some proper nouns have phonetic components.
* Mixtec Mixtec
* Dongba Naxi Although this is often supplemented with syllabic Geba script.
* Ersu *Shābā* – Ersu
* Míkmaq hieroglyphic writing Míkmaq Does have phonetic components, however.
* Nsibidi Ekoi, Efik/Ibibio, Igbo
* Testerian – used for missionary work in Mexico
* Other Mesoamerican writing systems with the exception of Maya Hieroglyphs.

There are also symbol systems used to represent things other than language, or to represent constructed languages. Some of these are
* Blissymbols – A constructed ideographic script used primarily in Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC).
* iConji – A constructed ideographic script used primarily in social networking
* Isotype (picture language)
* Sona language
* A wide variety of notations

Linear B and Asemic writing also incorporate ideograms.

## शब्द-चिह्नात्मकलेखनपद्धतिः (Logographic writing systems) 
### व्यञ्जन-आधारितशब्द-चिह्नात्मकलिपयः 
400px|thumb|right|वर्तमाने विश्वे प्रचलिताः लेखनपद्धतयः
* Hieroglyphic, Hieratic, and Demotic writing systems of Ancient Egypt
** Egyptian hieroglyphs
*** List of Egyptian hieroglyphs by common name: A-L
*** List of Egyptian hieroglyphs by common name: M-Z

### अक्षराधारित-शब्दचिह्नात्मकलिपयः (Syllable-based logographies) 
* Anatolian hieroglyphs Luwian
* Cuneiform Sumerian, Akkadian, other Semitic languages, Elamite, Hittite, Luwian, Hurrian, and Urartian
* Chinese characters (Hanzi) Chinese, Japanese (called Kanji), Korean (called Hanja), Vietnamese (called Han tu, obsolete)
** Jurchen script Jurchen
** Khitan large script Khitan
** Tangut script Tangut
** Zhuang script Zhuang
** Chữ Nôm Vietnamese (for vernacular Vietnamese, now obsolete)
* Eghap (or Bagam) script
* Mayan Chorti, Yucatec, and other Classic Maya languages
* Yi (classical) various Yi/Lolo languages
* Shui script Shui language

## अक्षरात्मकलिपयः (सिलैबिक्) 
In a syllabary, graphemes represent syllables or moras. (Note that the 19th century term *syllabics* usually referred to *abugidas* rather than true syllabaries.)

* Afaka Ndyuka
* Alaska script Central Yup'ik
* Cherokee Cherokee
* Cypriot Mycenean Greek
* Geba Naxi
* Kana Japanese**Hiragana
** Katakana
** Man'yōgana
* Kikakui – Mende
* Kpelle Kpelle
* Linear B Mycenean Greek
* Nü Shu Chinese
* Vai Vai
* Woleaian Woleaian (a likely syllabary)
* Yi (modern) various Yi/Lolo languages

### अर्ध-अक्षरात्मकलिपयः (अंशतः अक्षरात्मक तथा अंशतः वर्णात्मकलिपिः) 
* Paleohispanic semi-sillabaries Paleohispanic languages
** Tartessian or Southwestern script Tartessian or Southwestern language
** Southeastern Iberian script Iberian language
** Northeastern Iberian script Iberian language
** Celtiberian script Celtiberian language
* Old Persian Cuneiform Old Persian
* Zhuyin fuhao phonetic script for Chinese languages, and principal script for several Formosan languages.
* Eskayan Bohol, Philippines (a syllabary apparently based on an alphabet; some alphabetic characteristics remain)
* Bamum scriptBamum (a defective syllabary, with alphabetic principles used to fill the gaps)

## खण्डयुक्तलिपयः (Segmental scripts) 
### अब्जाद (Abjads) 
An abjad is a segmental script containing symbols for consonants only, or where vowels are *optionally* written with diacritics ("pointing") or only written word-initially.
* Aramaic
* Arabic Arabic, Azeri, Punjabi, Baluchi, Kashmiri, Pashto, Persian, Kurdish (vowels *obligatory*), Sindhi, Uighur (vowels *obligatory*), Urdu, and the languages of many other peoples of the Near East
* Hebrew Square Script Hebrew, Yiddish, and other Jewish languages
* Jawi – Arabic, Malay
* Manichaean script
* Nabataean the Nabataeans of Petra
* Pahlavi script Middle Persian
** Parthian
** Psalter
* Phoenician Phoenician and other Canaanite languages
* Proto-Canaanite
* Sabaean
** South Arabian Sabaic, Qatabanic, Himyaritic, and Hadhramautic
* Sogdian
* Samaritan (Old Hebrew) Aramaic, Arabic, and Hebrew
* Syriac Syriac
* Tifinagh Tuareg
* Ugaritic Ugaritic, Hurrian

### शुद्धवर्णात्मकलिपयः 
A true alphabet contains separate letters (not diacritic marks) for both consonants and vowels.

#### अलक्षणात्मक-रैखिकवर्णलिपयः (Linear nonfeatural alphabets) 
thumb|right|300px|Map of the writing systems in Europe.
*Linear* alphabets are composed of lines on a surface, such as ink on paper.
* Uyghur Arabic alphabet (*Uyghur Ereb Yéziqi*) Avestan
* Armenian Armenian
* Avestan alphabet Avestan
* Beitha Kukju Albanian
* Borama Somali
* Caucasian Albanian alphabet Old Udi language
* Coptic Egyptian
* Cyrillic Eastern Slavic languages (Belarusian, Russian, Ukrainian), eastern South Slavic languages (Bulgarian, Macedonian, Serbian), the other languages of Russia, Kazakh language, Kyrgyz language, Tajik language, Mongolian language. Azerbaijan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan are changing to the Latin alphabet but still have considerable use of Cyrillic. See Languages using Cyrillic.
* Eclectic Shorthand
* Elbasan Albanian
* Fraser Lisu
* Gabelsberger shorthand
* Georgian Georgian and other Kartvelian languages
* Glagolitic Old Church Slavonic
* Gothic Gothic
* Greek Greek
* International Phonetic Alphabet
* Kaddare Somali
* Latin  Roman originally Latin language; most current western and central European languages, Turkic languages, sub-Saharan African languages, indigenous languages of the Americas, languages of maritime Southeast Asia and languages of Oceania use developments of it. Languages using a non-Latin writing system are generally also equipped with Romanization for transliteration or secondary use.
* Manchu Manchu
* Mandaic Mandaic dialect of Aramaic
* Mongolian Mongolian
* Neo-Tifinagh Tamazight
* N'Ko Maninka language, Bambara, Dyula language
* Ogham () Gaelic, Britannic, Pictish
* Old Hungarian (in Hungarian *magyar rovásírás* or *székely-magyar rovásírás*) Hungarian
* Old Italic a family of connected alphabets for the Etruscan, Oscan, Umbrian, Messapian, South Picene, Raetic, Venetic, Lepontic, Camunic languages
* Old Permic (also called *Abur*) Komi
* Old Turkic Turkic
* Old Uyghur alphabet Uyghur
* Osmanya Somali
* Runic alphabet Germanic languages
* Ol Cemet' Santali
* Tai Lue Lue
* Vah  Bassa
* Zaghawa  Zaghawa

#### लक्षणात्मकरैखिक-वर्णात्मकलिपयः (Featural linear alphabets) 
A featural script has elements that indicate the components of articulation, such as bilabial consonants, fricatives, or back vowels. Scripts differ in how many features they indicate.

* Gregg Shorthand
* Hangul Korean
* Shavian alphabet
* Tengwar (a fictional script)
* Visible Speech (a phonetic script)
* Stokoe notation for American Sign Language
* SignWriting for sign languages

#### दिग्दर्शीवर्णात्मकलिपयः (Manual alphabets) 
Manual alphabets are frequently found as parts of sign languages. They are not used for writing *per se*, but for spelling out words while signing.
* American manual alphabet (used with slight modification in Hong Kong, Malaysia, Paraguay, Philippines, Singapore, Taiwan, Thailand)
* British manual alphabet (used in some of the Commonwealth of Nations, such as Australia and New Zealand)
* Catalonian manual alphabet
* Chilean manual alphabet
* Chinese manual alphabet
* Dutch manual alphabet
* Ethiopian manual alphabet (an abugida)
* French manual alphabet
* Greek manual alphabet
* Icelandic manual alphabet (also used in Denmark)
* Indian manual alphabet (a true alphabet?; used in Devanagari and Gujarati areas)
* International manual alphabet (used in Germany, Austria, Norway, Finland)
* Iranian manual alphabet (an abjad; also used in Egypt)
* Israeli manual alphabet (an abjad)
* Italian manual alphabet
* Korean manual alphabet
* Latin American manual alphabets
* Polish manual alphabet
* Portuguese manual alphabet
* Romanian manual alphabet
* Russian manual alphabet (also used in Bulgaria and ex-Soviet states)
* Spanish manual alphabet (Madrid)
* Swedish manual alphabet
* Yugoslav manual alphabet

#### अन्या अरैखिकवर्णात्मकलिपयः (Other non-linear alphabets) 
These are other alphabets composed of something other than lines on a surface.
* Braille (Unified) an embossed alphabet for the visually impaired, used with some extra letters to transcribe the Latin, Cyrillic, Greek, Hebrew, and Arabic alphabets, as well as Chinese
* Braille (Korean)
* Braille (American) (defunct)
* New York Point a defunct alternative to Braille
* International maritime signal flags (both alphabetic and ideographic)
* Morse code (International) a trinary code of dashes, dots, and silence, whether transmitted by electricity, light, or sound) representing characters in the Latin alphabet.
* American Morse code (defunct)
* Optical telegraphy (defunct)
* Flag semaphore (made by moving hand-held flags)

### अबुगिडा (Abugidas) 
इन्हें वर्णाक्षरी (अल्फासिलैबरी) भी कहते हैं। ये 'खण्डात्मक' (segmental) लिपियाँ है जिनमें स्वर चिह्नों को दर्शाने के लिए व्यंजन पर कोई डायाक्रिटिकल चिह्न लगाया जाता है या कोई अन्य परिवर्तन/परिवर्धन कर दिया जाता है। भारत तथा दक्षिण-पूर्व एशिया की प्रायः सभी लिपियाँ इसी श्रेणी में आती हैं। ये सभी ऐतिहासिक रूप से ब्राह्मी परिवार की हैं।

#### ब्राह्मीपरिवारस्य अबुगिडा लिपयः 
[thumb|A [Palaung language|Palaung manuscript written in a Brahmic abugida]]
* Anga Script Angika
* Ahom
* Assamese Assamese/Assamiya/Ôxômiya
* ब्राह्मी लिपि प्रकृत, संस्कृत
* Balinese
* Batak Toba and other Batak languages
* Baybayin Ilokano, Kapampangan, Pangasinan, Tagalog, Bikol languages, Visayan languages, and possibly other Philippine languages
* बांग्ला लिपि बांग्ला भाषा, मैथिली भाषा
* Buhid
* Burmese Burmese, Karen languages, Mon, and Shan
* Cham
* Dehong Dehong Dai
* देवनागरी हिन्दी, संस्कृत, मराठी, नेपाली, तथा उत्तरी भारत एवं नेपाल की अनेकों भाषाएँ
* Gujarāti Gujarāti, Kachchi
* Gurmukhi script Punjabi
* Hanuno’o
* Javanese
* Kaganga Rejang
* Kaithi
* Kannada Kannada, Tulu
* Kawi
* Khmer
* Lao
* Limbu
* Lontara’ Buginese, Makassar, and Mandar
* Malayalam
* Mithilākshara {syn. Vaidehī lipi / Tirahutā / Tirhutā } Used to write Maithili
* Modi Marathi
* Nepal Nepal Bhasa, Sanskrit
* Oriya
* Phags-pa Mongolian, Chinese, and other languages of the Yuan Dynasty Mongol Empire
* Ranjana Nepal Bhasa, Sanskrit
* Śāradā
* Siddham used to write Sanskrit
* Sinhala
* Sourashtra
* Soyombo
* Sundanese
* Syloti Nagri – Sylheti
* Tagbanwa Languages of Palawan
* Tai Dam
* Tai Tham Khün, and Northern Thai
* Tamil
* Telugu
* Thai
* Tibetan
* Tirahutā / Tirhutā {syn. Vaidehī lipi / Mithilākshara } used to write Maithili
* Tocharian
* Varang Kshiti Ho

#### अन्य-अबुगिडालिपयः 
* Canadian Aboriginal syllabics Cree syllabics (for Cree), Inuktitut syllabics (for Inuktitut), and other variants for Ojibwe, Carrier, Blackfoot, and other languages of Canada
* Ethiopic Amharic, Ge’ez, Oromo, Tigrigna
* Kharoṣṭhī Gandhari, Sanskrit
* Mandombe
* Meroitic Meroë
* Pitman Shorthand
* Pollard script Miao
* Sorang Sompeng Sora
* Thaana Dhivehi
* Thomas Natural Shorthand

#### अन्तिमव्यञ्जन-डायाक्रिटिक् अबुगिडा (Final consonant-diacritic abugidas) 
* Róng Lepcha

#### स्वराधारित-अबुगिडा लिपयः (Vowel-based abugidas) 
* Boyd's Syllabic Shorthand
* Japanese Braille Japanese
* Pahawh Hmong Hmong

## अनाविष्कृतलिपयः (Undeciphered systems) 
* Byblos syllabary the city of Byblos
* Isthmian (apparently logosyllabic)
* Indus Indus Valley Civilization
* Quipu Inca Empire (probably numerical only)
* Khitan small script Khitan
* Cretan hieroglyphs
* Linear A (a syllabary) Minoan
* Mixtec Mixtec (perhaps pictographic)
* Olmec Olmec civilization (possibly the oldest Mesoamerican script)
* Phaistos Disc (a unique text, very possibly not writing)
* Proto-Elamite Elam (nearly as old as Sumerian)
* Rongorongo Rapa Nui (perhaps a syllabary)
* Proto-Sinaitic (likely an abjad)
* Zapotec Zapotec (another old Mesoamerican script)
* Banpo symbols  Yangshao culture (perhaps proto-writing)
* Jiahu symbols  Peiligang culture (perhaps proto-writing)

## अनाविष्कृतपाण्डुलिपयः  
* Voynich manuscript
* Rohonc Codex
* Codex Seraphinianus
* Hamptonese
* Dorabella cipher

## अन्यलिपयः 
Asemic writing is generally meaningless, though it sometimes contains ideograms or pictograms.

### ध्वन्यात्मकवर्णयुक्तलिपयः(Phonetic alphabets) 
This section lists alphabets used to transcribe phonetic or phonemic sound; not to be confused with spelling alphabets like the ICAO spelling alphabet.
* International Phonetic Alphabet
* Deseret alphabet
* Unifon
* Americanist phonetic notation
* Uralic Phonetic Alphabet
* Shavian alphabet

### विशिष्टवर्णमाला 
Alphabets may exist in forms other than visible symbols on a surface. Some of these are:

#### इन्द्रियग्राह्यवर्णलिपयः
* Braille
* Moon type
* New York Point
* Night writing

#### आयासः वर्णलिपयः (Manual alphabets) 
* Fingerspelling
For example:
* American Sign Language
* American manual alphabet
* Korean manual alphabet
* Cued Speech

#### दूरसञ्चारी सांकेतिकवर्णलिपयः (Long-Distance Signaling) 
* International maritime signal flags
* Morse code
* Flag semaphore
* Optical telegraphy

### वैकल्पिकवर्णलिपयः (Alternative alphabets) 
* Gregg Shorthand
* Initial Teaching Alphabet
* Pitman Shorthand
* Quikscript

### काल्पनिकलिपयः 
* Ath (alphabet)
* Aurebesh
* Cirth
* D'ni
* Goa'uld
* Hymmnos
* Klingon
* *On Beyond Zebra!*
* Quenya
* Sarati
* Sindarin
* Tengwar
* Unown
thumb|center|400px| विभिन्नलिपिषु 'विकिपिडिया'-याः शब्दनिरूपणम्

## टिप्पणी
## बाह्यानुबन्धः 
* Omniglot: a guide to writing systems
* Ancient Scripts: Home:(Site with some introduction to different writing systems and group them into origins/types/families/regions/timeline/A to Z)
* Michael Everson's Alphabets of Europe
* Deseret Alphabet

वर्गः:लिपिशास्त्रम्‎
वर्गः:संस्कृतिसम्बद्धाः स्टब्स्
वर्गः:अन्यभाषालेखाः
वर्गः:सर्वे अपूर्णलेखाः

वर्गः:सारमञ्जूषा योजनीया‎