Ingufu mu Rwanda

Ikoreshwa ry'ingufu mu Rwanda ririmo guhinduka vuba mu ntangiriro z'ikinyejana cyo muri 21.

## Amashanyarazi

### Umuyoboro
Ingano y'amashanyarazi ni nke cyane kandi yibanze cyane hafi ya Kigali. Benshi mu gihugu bakoresha inkwi nk’isoko nya mukuru y’ingufu. U Rwanda ruteganya kwaguka kuva kuri MW 276 z'amashanyarazi muri 2022 rukagera kuri MW 556 muri 2024 kandi rushobora gutumiza amashanyarazi y’inyongera mu bihugu duturanye. Byongeye kandi, irimo gushyiraho imirasire y'izuba ntoya mu gihugu hose kugira ngo ingo ziherereye mu turere twa gride zitabona amashanyarazi, cyangwa zifashe guhangana n’umuriro w'amashanyarazi. Kugeza ubu, guverinoma irateganya kugeza amashanyarazi ku baturage 100% mu 2024, bitandukanye na 74.5% muri 2022. 

### Igisekuru
Hamwe n’ibikorwa remezo by’amashanyarazi bigarukira, u Rwanda rufite urwego rwo hejuru rwo gukoresha ingufu zishobora kongera ingufu . Amashanyarazi menshi mu gihugu aturuka ku mashanyarazi .  Umusaruro w'amashanyarazi wagize 4% by'ingufu zikoreshwa mu gihugu muri 2014,

#### Amashanyarazi
53% by'amashanyarazi bitangwa niganda nto z'amashanyarazi. Mu mpera za 2018, uruganda rw’amashanyarazi ruhuza u Rwanda rwatanze nka 221.1 MW. 

#### Umwuka wa gaze
Umushinga wa KivuWatt ni umushinga w'ingufu zo gukuramo gaze karemano yashonze mu kiyaga cya Kivu no gukoresha gaze yakuwe mu kubyara amashanyarazi.  Muri 2016, urugomero rw'amashanyarazi rwa MW 25 rushobora gutanga ingufu zihagije ku bantu 45.000 mu Rwanda. Biteganijwe ko umushinga wo kwagura ibikorwa uzongerwaho MW 26 z'a mashanyarazi mu cyiciro cyayo cya mbere, kandi amaherezo uzagera kuri MW 100 mu myaka iri imbere. 

#### Ikigereranyo cyizuba
Umurima wa mbere ufite ingufu zikomoka ku mirasire y'izuba muri Afurika yo munsi y'Ubutayu bwa Sahara hanze y'afurika y'Epfo ni uruganda rwa MW 8.5 ku Mudugudu w'Urubyiruko rwa Agahozo Shalom, mu Karere ka Rwamagana, Intara y'Iburasirazuba bw'u Rwanda . Yakodesheje hectare zigera 20  z'ubutaka mu mudugudu akaba ari umugiraneza wo kubakira no kwigisha abahohotewe na jenoside mu Rwanda . Uruganda rukoresha amashanyarazi 28,360 kandi rutanga 6% yu muriro w'amashanyarazi mu gihugu. Uyu mushinga wubatswe n’abahanga muri Amerika, Isiraheli, Ubuholandi, Noruveje, Finilande n’Ubwongereza. 

#### Micro izuba
Imikoreshereze y'amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba yariyongereye kuko ibiciro by'izuba byagabanutse kandi uduce twinshi ntitwiteze guhuza imiyoboro ya vuba. Imirasire y'izuba itanga amashanyarazi arenga 2% mu gihugu. Igihugu kiri mu kwaguka byihuse umuyoboro w’amashanyarazi kandi hashyizweho ibihingwa byinshi bishya cyangwa byubakwa.

#### Biomass
Biomass ni isoko yingenzi y'ingufu zikoreshwa hifashishijwe inkwi n'imyanda yu buhinzi mu guteka. Muri 2014, ibyo byagaragaje 85% by'ingufu zikoreshwa mu Rwanda.  Peat iva mu bishanga byo mu majyepfo y’iburengerazuba bw’u Rwanda bizatanga amashanyarazi abiri. Uruganda rwa MW 15 rwa mbere ruteganijwe kumurongo muri 2015 hamwe nuwa kabiri, uruganda rwa MW 80, ruteganijwe muri 2017.

## Andi masoko y'ingufu
Ibikomoka kuri peteroli, cyane mu bwikorezi, byagaragaje 11% by’ingufu z’u Rwanda muri 2014. N’ubwo bivugwa ko u Rwanda rufite peteroli na gaze gasanzwe hafi y’ikiyaga cya Kivu, guhera muri 2014, nta musaruro w’umutungo wabonetse kandi ibyifuzo byatumijwe mu mahanga. Umuyoboro wa peteroli wa Kenya - Uganda - Rwanda watwara peteroli hagati yibi bihugu niyubakwa.

## Reba kandi

* Urutonde rw'amashanyarazi mu Rwanda
* EARP Rwanda

## Reba