open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Umusozi wa Monte Binga

**Monte Binga** ni umwe mu misozi miremire muri Mozambike n'uwa kabiri muremure muri Zimbabwe . Iherereye mu misozi ya Chimanimani, ikanyura ku mupaka wa Zimbabwe na Mozambike muri Parike ya Chimanimani mu Ntara ya Manica . Ireshya na metero 8,004 (hejuru ya 2,440m) hejuru yinyanja. 

## Ubumenyi n'imiterere ya Monte Binga
Umusozi ugizwe na quartzite yumukara wijimye cyane, munsi y'umusozi wa Chimanimani, ukawuha ubutayu. imisozi yo mu majyaruguru n'amajyepfo bigenda byuzura hafi ya mpinga kugera ku mpande ya dogere 40 hanyuma bigahuriza mu burasirazuba, ikirenge cy'umusozi hamwe na Turret Towers bihita byerekeza mu majyepfo biryamye ku makosa. Kubwibyo, inzira y'uburasirazuba ninto, mugihe iyomu uburengerazuba ihanamye cyane ahantu. ihinduka ku rutare ruhagaze hepfo. Iyo wegereye iburengerazuba, uva mu kibaya cy'Uruzi rwa Bundi, hari inzira idasobanuwe neza ishami riva mu nzira nyamukuru ya magendu yerekeza kuri Skeleton Pass.

Umusozi ucuramye uhinduka nk'ikizenga. Kugaragara hejuru y'umusozi ni mwiza kandi n'urutare, hamwe nubutaka butagira ingano cyane bukikijwe ibyatsi bya tussocky gusa na mususu hagati y'imisozi ihanamye cyane.

Ushobora kandi kubona inyanja y'Ubuhinde kuva ku mpinga ya Binga ku munsi ugaragara neza ureba hafi y'iburasirazuba, ku birometero 190. Umusozi uri kure yimiturire.

## Amashakiro
Umusozi wa Namuli

**Umusozi wa Namuli** ni umusozi wa kabiri muremure muri Mozambike kandi muremure uherereye mu Ntara ya Zambezia . Ni  n'umusozi muremure yarapimwe, abajijwe kandi mu mwaka wa 1886 na Henry Edward O'Neill, konseye w’Ubwongereza uba muri Mozambike. Massif ya Namuli igizwe nubutumburuke buringaniye hamwe na granite dome y'umusozi wa Namuli hejuru. Aka gace kari kambaye amashyamba y'imvura yo mu turere dushyuha kandi ni ahantu h’ibinyabuzima  bifite amoko menshi y’inyamaswa n’ibimera. Ahantu hahanamye ubu hakoreshwa cyane cyane mu guhinga icyayi n’imisozi yo hagati mu bindi bikorwa by’ubuhinzi, hamwe n’amashyamba kimeza aherereye murako gace ubu ahanini agarukira mu bice byo hejuru na koridoro ku masomo y’amazi.

Umusozi wa Namuli ni impinga ndende mu Ntara ya Zambezia ya Mozambike . Kuri metero 2,420 n'iwo umusozi wa kabiri muremure wa Mozambike inyuma ya Monte Binga . Massif ya Namuli igizwe n'ubutayu buringaniye buzamuka metero 700 kugeza 800. Dome ya granite ya Namuli yazamutseho ubuso bw'ubutumburuke bwa metero 1,600 hejuru y'ibibaya. Ubuso buri hejuru ya metero 1200 bupima 50 x 30km. Umusozi wa Namuli uherereye 12km amajyaruguru-uburasirazuba bwa Gurué na 160km uvuye muri Massif ya Mulanje mu majyepfo y'uburasirazuba bwa Malawi .

Amashyamba yo ku musozi wa Namuli ni ahantu bari ibinyabuzima hashyizweho bivuze ko bifite umubare munini w’ibinyabuzima bitandukanye by’inyamaswa zibangamiwe na tagisi y’ibimera. Ubwoko nka Namuli apalis  ( *Apalis lynesi* ) hamwe nigisimba cya Vincent ( *Paraxerus vincenti* ) byavumbuwe ku umusozi wa Namuli. Andi moko adasanzwe ni Thyolo alethe ( *Alethe choloensis* ) hamwe na dapple-umuhogo ( *Modulatrix orostruthus* ) iboneka ahandi.

Imusozi wa Namuli yiganjemo imirima yicyayi. Ahantu hahanamye hagaragara ubuhinzi. Amashyamba kavukire agarukira kuri koridoro kumasomo yinzuzi. Umujyi wegereye ni Gurúè niwo mutungo munini w'icyayi wa Mozambike.

## Amateka
Umusozi wa Namuli wacukuwe bwa mbere muri Kanama 1886 na Henry Edward O'Neill wari konseye w’Ubwongereza muri Mozambike mu 1879. Yamenyekanye cyane mu nzego z’imyororokere kugira ngo urugendo rwa Hubert Lynes na Jack Vincent mu 1931/1932. Bitewe n'intambara y'abene gihugu ya Mozambike no kutagira umuhanda mubi, ni bwo mu 1998 ubwo itsinda ryo muri Afurika y'Epfo ry’abahanga mu by'imiterere y’imiterere yabashaga gukora ubushakashatsi ku mashyamba yo ku musozi wa Namuli. Mu 2024, abahanga basabye ecoregion nshya, izitwa Afurika yepfo yepfo Montipe Archipelago (SEAMA), izaba irimo umusozi wa Namuli nizindi inselbergs zo mukarere.

## Amashakiro
Umusozi wa Gorongosa

**Umusozi wa Gorongosa** uherereye mu ntara ya sofara iherereye muri Mozambike rwagati. Impinga yayo ndende, Gogogo, igera ku burebure bwa metero 1.863 (metero 6.112). Yakozwe na Karoo Ibirunga . 

Agace ko hejuru k'umusozi gafite uburebure bwa metero 700 kagizwe na parike ya Gorongosa na leta ya Mozambike mu mwaka wa 2010. Igice kinini cya parike kiri ahantu hirengeye mu burasirazuba bwumusozi. 

## Ubumenyi bwa geologiya
Umusozi wa Gorongosa uzamuka nka misa y'itaruye kuva mubibaya bikikije. Umusozi wa Gorongosa uri hejuru y'ibibaya  bi nini, rufite impeta ya ova, nko muri  kuri  . Hariho  nyamukuru, imwe mu majyaruguru, imwe mu majyepfo, na Gogogo, hejuru cyane, mu majyepfo y'uburengerazuba. Hagati yabo hari ikibaya kirimo ibibaya bitatu. Umusozi ugizwe na granite yo mu bihe bya nyuma ya Jurassic, izengurutswe na gabbros mu burengerazuba no mu majyepfo. 

## Ikirere
n'umusozi ufite ikirere gikonje kandi gihora gitose kuruta ubutayu buhakikije  bukikije. Umuyaga mwinshi wo mu nyanja wimuka uva mu majyepfo y'uburasirazuba uzamuka imisozi ikonja, kandi ubuhehere buri mu kirere buragwa kandi bukagwa nkimvura, cyangwa bukagira ibicu bito n'ibicu bya mugitondo. Umuyaga uhuha uva mu majyepfo no mu burasirazuba wakira ubuhehere burenze ubw'amajyaruguru n'iburengerazuba, biri mu gicucu cy'imvura cy'umusozi.

## Ibidukikije
Umusozi wa Gorongosa ugira ikirere cy'uzuye ubukonje, bitandukanye nubutayu bukikije. Uyu musozi ubamo ibyatsi bya montane na submontane, amashyamba yimeza yicyatsi kibisi, amashyamba yumye ya montane, ishyamba rya miombo, nubutayu bwa ericaceous .

Amashyamba y’umusozi wa Gorongosa n’ibyatsi ni agace kegeranye k’iburasirazuba bwa Zimbabwe montane y’amashyamba-nyakatsi ya mosaic ecoregion, usanga ahanini iburengerazuba mu misozi y’iburasirazuba ku mupaka wa Mozambike na Zimbabwe. Amashyamba ya miombo yepfo ecoregion azengurutse umusozi ahirengeye.

## Amashakiro
Sabratha

**Sabratha**  mu Karere ka Zawiya muri Libiya, yari mu burengerazuba cyane mu mijyi itatu ya kera ya Tripolis y'Abaroma, hamwe na Oea na Leptis Magna . Kuva mu 2001 kugeza 2007 wari umurwa mukuru w'icyahoze ari Akarere ka Sabratha wa Sorman . Iherereye ku nkombe ya Mediterane hafi  iburengerazuba bwa Tripoli igezweho. Ikibanza cy’ubucukuzi bwa kera cyanditsweho nk'umurage ndangamurage wa UNESCO mu 1982.

## Sabratha ya kera
Icyambu cya Sabratha cyashinzwe, hafi 500 BGC, Abanyafenisiya bacuruza-poste yaTsabratan. Icyambu cyabaye isoko yo muri Fenisiya ku bicuruzwa byo mu gihugu cy'Afurika.Abagereki  babyise Sabrata  hamwe na Abrotonon.   Nyuma y’urupfu rwa Fenisiya, Sabratha yaguye mu rwego rwa Carthage. 

Nyuma y’Intambara ya Punic, Sabratha yabaye umwe mu bwami bwa Numidian bwabayeho igihe gito cya Massinissa mbere yuko yomekwa muri Repubulika y'Abaroma nk'intara ya Afurika Nova mu kinyejana cya mbere ya Yesu. Nyuma yaje gutunganwa no kongera kubakwa mu kinyejana cya 2 n'icya 3 CE. Umwami Septimius Severus yavukiye hafi ya Leptis Magna, kandi Sabratha yageze ku rwego rwo hejuru cyane ku ngoma ya Severans, igihe yikubye hafi kabiri ubunini. Umujyi wangiritse cyane kubera umutingito mu kinyejana cya 4, cyane umutingito wa 365. Yayobowe n'ubwami bwa Vandal mu kinyejana cya 5, igice kinini cy'umujyi kiratereranwa. yishimiye ububyutse buto ku butegetsi bwa Byzantine, igihe hubakwaga amatorero menshi n'urukuta rwo kwirinda. Umujyi wari urimo umwepiskopi . Mu myaka ijana nyuma y’abayisilamu bateye Maghreb, ubucuruzi bwari bwarahindutse ku bindi byambu maze Sabratha agabanuka mu mudugudu.

Umujyi ubamo kaminuza ya Sabratha . Wefaq Sabratha ni club y'umupira w'amaguru, ikinira muri Stade ya Sabratha.
Adrar des Ifoghas

**Adrar des Ifoghas ni**  Imisozi iherereye mu karere ka Kidal muri Mali, igera muri Alijeriya . Ifite ubuso bwa kilometero kare 250.000 (kilometero kare 97.000).

## Ubumenyi bw'isi
Agace ka Adrar des Ifoghas karangwa n'ubugari, butagaragara kandi bwuzuyemo ibimera byinshi  bya granite bimwe muribyo bikaba byarangiritse. Ibibaya bya massif bifunguye mu kibaya cya Tamesna mu burasirazuba, kuri fosisi ya Telemsi mu burengerazuba, mu kibaya cy'iburengerazuba cy'ikibaya cya Azaouak mu majyepfo na Tanezrouft mu majyaruguru. Gutura muri kariya gace harimo Kidal, Aguel'hoc, Boghassa, Essouk na Tessalit .

Adrar des Ifoghas izwi nka "Adagh". "Adrar" ni ijambo rya Berber risobanura umusozi, naho "Ifogha" ni izina rikomoka ku muryango wa Tuareg ukomeye, " Kel Ifoghas ", wiganje muri ako karere uko ibisekuruza byagiye bisimburana. Kimwe na Tuareg benshi, Kel Ifoghas abatuye kuruwo musozi abakaba bakunda korora ingamiya, ihene n'intama kugirango bibatunge kandi bigurishwe.

Aka gace gakungahaye ku murage wi bisigazwa bya kera, cyane cyane ibishushanyo byerekana amabuye agaragaza abagabo bahiga, ubuhinzi n'ubworozi bw'inka. Igikanka cyumugabo wa Asselar (  BP) nacyo cyabonetse muri ako gace na Wladimir Besnard na Théodore Monod .  Adrar des Ifoghas nayo yamenyekanye cyane murugendo .

## Imisigiti ya Adrar des Ifoghas
Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe na Patrice Cressier  bigaragaza kandi bigatanga ubumenyi ku bijyanye n’imyubakire n’umuco by’imisigiti ine yo muri Adrar des Ifoghas, mu majyaruguru ya Gao na Agadez.

Umusigiti wa Tefis, ushobora kuba warubatswe ahagana mu 1480, wari ufite icyanya kinini mu kigo cyera cya oval kandi wari wanditsweho n’amagambo mato mato yo mu kinyejana cya cumi na gatanu. Undi musigiti uzwi cyane mu mujyi wa In-Teduq, washinzwe ahagana mu 1430 na ʿUthman al-Mawhub bin Iflawas, wari ufite inyubako nkuru igabanyijemo inzira eshatu zahujwe na qibla. Kubwamahirwe, yarimbuwe nubukazi hagati yikinyejana cya cumi na gatandatu.

Umusigiti wa Shi-n Wasagharan, waranzwe n'inzira ebyiri zisa na Qibla, guhera mu kinyejana cya cumi na gatandatu, zishingiye ku bimenyetso bifatika byatanzwe na necropolises hafi. Hagati aho, umusigiti wa Es-Suk, uherereye mu mujyi wa Tadmekka rw'agati rwagati, wari ufite salle y'urukiramende ipima metero 23.5 na metero 15.5 kandi igabanyijemo inzira eshanu zisa na qibla. 

## Amateka ya vuba
Mu 2013, ibibaya binini byahindutse ubuhungiro ku barwanyi ba kisilamu bahunga ubutabazi bw’Abafaransa mu ntambara yo muri Mali .  Ku ya 22 Gashyantare, intambara yabereye muri Adrar des Ifoghas, ihitana Abanyakadani 25, barimo Abdel Aziz Hassane Adam, barimo umuyobozi mukuru w’ingabo zidasanzwe za Tchad muri Mali, hamwe n’abayisilamu 93. Ku ya 12 Werurwe, intambara yabereye mu mudugudu wa Tigharghar, ihitana umusirikare umwe wa Tchad n'Abayisilamu 6. Intambara yatumye Abanyakadiyani bafata umudugudu.

## Amashakiro
Gutegeka imisozi

**Imisozi ya Manding** ni agace k'imisozi miremire muri Mali, gahuza umupaka w’iburengerazuba na Gineya kugera ku birometero 50 mu burengerazuba bwa Bamako, umurwa mukuru wa Mali.   Bagera kuri  ukaba uri hejuru yinyanja.  Kangaba, n'inzu y'abaturage ba Mandinka, iherereye munsi yimisozi. 

uyu musozi ufite Ikirere kigizwe n'ibuye ry'umucanga, ukagira n'uruhande rw'amabuye akomeye n’imisozi ukunda kw'ibasirwa n'isuri.  Bimwe muri ibyo bibumbano byitiriwe abaturage baho, nka Butte y’umugore winangiye, bivugwa ko ari umugore wanze kongera gushakisha umugabo we wabuze maze ahanishwa guhindurwa ibuye. 

## Amashakiro
Umusozi wa Chaillu Massif

**Imisozi ya Chaillu** ni imisozi izenguruka mu majyepfo ya Gabon hamwe na Repubulika iharanira demokarasi ya Kongo yitiriwe umushakashatsi w’umufaransa Paul Du Chaillu, wakoze ubushakashatsi kandi yandika muri kariya karere mu kinyejana cya 19.

Umusozi wa Chaillu ufite impinga ndende ni Mont Iboundji (980m), na Mt Mimongo (m 1020). Urutare rwurwego ni ubutayu mu nkomoko za Chaillu.

Uru ruhererekane niho hazamuka inzuzi nyinshi zirimo Louesse, Ogoulou, Ikoy, Lolo, Lekoko, Lebombi, na Offoue .

* Gardinier David. 1994. Inkoranyamagambo yamateka ya Gabon Igitabo cya 2. Amerika: Itangazamakuru ryitwa Scarercrow, Inc.

## Amashakiro
Umusozi wa Bandiagara Escarpment

Umusozi wa Bandiagara Escarpment ni urutare ukaba uherereye mu gihugu cya Mali . ufite uburebure bugera kuri .

Agace ka escarpment gatuwe nuyu munsi n'abantu bo mubwoko bwaba Dogon . Mbere ya Dogon, escarpment yari ituwe n'abantu bo mubwoko bwa Tellem na Toloy . abantu benshi basigaye kuri Tellem. Escarpment ya Bandiagara yashyizwe ku rutonde rw’umurage w’isi wa UNESCO mu 1989.

**Imisozi ya Bandiagara** ni urutare rufite umucanga uva mu majyepfo ugana mu majyaruguru y'uburasirazuba hejuru ya  no kugera kuri massif ya Grandamia. Iherezo rya misifike ryaranzwe na Hombori Tondo, impinga ndende ya Mali kuri  . Kubera imiterere yubucukumbuzi, amoko na geologiya, ikibanza cyose ni ingingo ishimishije.

## Escarpment ya Bandiagara uyumunsi
Uyu munsi, abayobozi baho baherekeza amatsinda yubukerarugendo kumuherekeza gusura imidugudu ya Dogon. Urukurikirane rw'inzira zinyura mu bitare, kandi burigace mui buri mudugudu utanga ibiryo n'amacumbi. Imidugudu yakira amafaranga ava mumacumbi n' ubukerarugendo. Biteganijwe ko ubwiyongere bukabije mu bukerarugendo bugana muri ako karere, kubera ko hubatswe umuhanda mushya, ugashyira igitutu ku mico gakondo, gakondo.  Byongeye kandi, *Ikinyamakuru The Independent* kivuga ko gusahura ibihangano bya kera byakwirakwiriye muri kariya gace, gafite polisi mbi. 

Mu rwego rwo rushinzwe pariki n'ubukerarugendo  ruhamagarira abantu ikibazo cyo gusura ba mukerarugendo batagenzuwe, Ikigega cy’Urwibutso rw’isi cyashyizemo Escarpment ya Bandiagara muri World Monuments Watch 2004 . Mu 2005, WMF yatanze inkunga yatanzwe na Express Express y'Abanyamerika kuri Mission Culturelle de Bandiagara yo gutegura gahunda yo kuyobora.  Usibye kurinda inyubako gakondo, gahunda yubuyobozi irasaba ko hajyaho iyubakwa rishya binyuze mu gushyiraho umurongo ngenderwaho w’inyubako, nk'izigenga iterambere rishya mu turere tw’amateka ku isi.

Nyuma y'intambara yabaye mu 2012 ikabera muriki gihugu cya Mali, uduce two hagati mu gihugu, harimo ikibaya cya Dogon na Escarpment ya Bandiagara, byarushijeho kuba bibi. Imitwe y'iterabwoba ikorera muri kariya gace, kandi ihohoterwa hagati y'amoko yaho riba buri munsi.

Kuva mu mwaka wa 2018, uyu mwanya w'ubukerarugendo ntago byemewe cyane kujya muri kariya gace mu bukerarugendo, kandi abashinzwe umutekano muri Mali bazwiho gusubiza inyuma abagerageza kubikora. Muri Werurwe 2018, umutwe witwaje intwaro wagabye igitero kuri hoteri yakundaga abakozi ba Loni mu mujyi wa Bandiagara, ihitana abantu benshi. 

## Amashakiro
Umusozi wa Hombori

**Umusozi Hombori** (Hombori Tondo) ni umusozi wo mu karere ka Mopti ka Mali, hafi y'umujyi wa Hombori . Kuri metero 1,155, ni ahantu hirengeye muri Mali.

## Ibinyabuzima bitandukanye
Umusozi wa Hombori ni ahantu nyaburanga h'ingenzi ku binyabuzima muri Sahel, ufite amoko 150 y’ibimera hamwe n’ubwoko butandukanye bw'inyamanswa, inyoni, ibikururuka hasi, n’udukoko ku buso bwa kilometero kare ebyiri.

Hombori ifite ubuso bwibibaya, hafi kilometero kare 10,000 zubutayu burimo amoko agera kuri 200 gusa y'ibimera. Ikintu gikomeye kigira uruhare runini mu binyabuzima bya Hombori ,irinzwe impande zose n’imisozi miremire. Ku moko menshi y’ibimera, harimo na Bombox costatum, umusozi wa Hombori n’amajyaruguru y’ikwirakwizwa ryayo, yerekana akamaro kayo nk'ubuhungiro bw’ibinyabuzima byinshi byo mu majyepfo. 

Umusozi wa Hombori ubamo amoko amwe y’inyamaswa, aribyo ibikururuka hasi n’inyoni, ariko kandi amoko amwe y’inyamabere harimo na hyrax yo mu rutare na olive baboon . 

## Ubucukumbuzi
Umusozi wa Hombori ni ahantu h'ubucukuzi bukomeye, ubuvumo butuwe hashize imyaka irenga 2000.

## Reba
Umusozi wa Crystal

## Imisozi

* Umusozi wa Crystal (Alaska)
* Monte Cristallo, mu Butaliyani
* Umusozi wa Crystal (Misiri), hagati ya Bahariya Oasis na Farafra Oasis, Misiri

## Imisozi

* Crystal Range, itsinda rito ryimisozi muri Californiya
* Imisozi ya Crystal (Berezile), imisozi iherereye muri Berezile
* Imisozi ya Crystal (Afurika), umusozi uherereye ku nkombe y'iburengerazuba bwa Afrika yo hagati

## Ahantu hatuwe

* Umusozi wa Crystal, Michigan, Amerika, ahantu hagenewe ibarura

## Ahantu ho gusiganwa

* Crystal Mountain (Washington), ikibuga cy’imikino i Washington, Amerika
* Umusozi wa Crystal (Columbiya y'Ubwongereza), agace gakoreshwa umunsi umwe wo gusiganwa hafi ya West Kelowna, Columbiya y'Ubwongereza muri Kanada
* Crystal Mountain (Michigan), resitora yinyenyeri enye ziherereye hafi ya Thompsonville, mu ntara ya Benzie, muri leta ya Michigan

*

## Ibindi

* Pariki y'igihugu ya Crystal, parike y'igihugu mu majyaruguru y'uburengerazuba bwa Gabon
* Parike ya Siyera Cristal, parike muri Cuba

## Amashakiro
Ikibaya cya Batéké

**Ikibaya cya Batéké** giherereye hafi y'umupaka uhuza Repubulika ya Kongo na Gabon . Mu bihugu byombi yahaye izina amashami:

* Ishami rya Plateaux mu Ntara ya Haut-Ogooué, Gabon
* Ishami rya Plateaux, n'igice cyo murwego rwa mbere muri congo .

ikibaya cya Bateke gifite ubuso bwa bugera hagati ya metero 550 na 830, kandi kikaba gikungahaye kuri manganese . Ikibaya cya Bateke ni agace ka kera k'ibirunga.

Imigezi nyinshi inyura muri ako gace, harimo uruzi rwa Niari, rutemba muri Kongo, Ogooue, Mpassa, Ndjoumou, Lekabi na Lekey Inzuzi zitemba muri Gabon.

## Reba kandi

* Parike y'igihugu ya Batéké

* Perusset André. 1983. Oro-Hydrographie (Le Relief) muri *Geographie et Cartographie du Gabon, Atlas Illustré* iyobowe na Ministère de l'Uburezi Nationale de la Republique Gabonaise. Pg 10–13. Paris, Ubufaransa: Edicef.
* Petringa, Mariya. *Brazza, Ubuzima bwa Afrika* . Bloomington, IN: Umwanditsi w'inzu, 2006.  . Dondora Pierre Savorgnan de Brazza ubushakashatsi bwimbitse ku kibaya cy'uruzi rwa Ogoué.

## Amashakiro
Umusozi wa Mandara

**Imisozi ya Mandara** ni ikirunga gifite ubugari bugera ku 190km (hafi 120mi) hafi y’amajyaruguru y'umupaka wa Kameruni na Nijeriya, kuva ku ruzi rwa Benue mu majyepfo.

Aka karere gatuwe n'abaturage abavuga cyane cyane indimi za Tchad, harimo n'aba Mofu ndetse n'amoko ya Kirdi .  

Ubushakashatsi bunini bw'ibyataburuwe mu matongo bwakorewe ku misozi ya Mandara, harimo no gukorera ahitwa Diy-Gid-Biy (DGB). 

## Utuntu n'utundi
Imisozi ya Mandara yashinzwe mu myaka yaza miriyoni ishize ubwo isahani ryo ku mugabane w’urutare rwo munsi munsi y’umugabane n'ubutayu bw' Afurika yazamutse, igacikamo ibice kandi igacikamo ibice kuko yasunitswe hejuru. Muri icyo gihe ikirere cyari cyuzuye cyane, ku buryo imvura nyinshi yaguye ikora imigezi myinshi inyura muri iyo mvune, ikayigaragaza cyane kandi yagutse, bigatuma ubutaka bugaragara cyane. 

Ibikorwa by'ibirunga nabyo byagize uruhare mukurema ibirunga. Kuruka kwa lava byashizeho imishwarara y'ibirunga umuyaga wacyo amaherezo ukomoka hamwe na magma ikomera. Izi ngingo zikomeye zitwa amacomeka y'ibirunga . Ku bijyanye n'imisozi ya Mandara, maguma ifasha mu kurwanya isuri isuri cyane kuruta inyuma ya cones, yashaje igihe. Amaherezo, gusa amacomeka yarasigaye, akora stark, inshinge zimeze nka spiers nka Kapsiki Peak urwego ruzwiho. 

## imiturire ya Mandara
Imisozi ya Mandara itunga abaturage ugereranije, nubwo imiterere y'ubutaka n'ubutaka bubi. Mu mateka, imisozi yari ubuhungiro bwabantu barwanya kwigarurira cyangwa kuba imbata za leta zo mubibaya bikikije, kandi imisozi ikomeza indimi nyinshi n’amadini gakondo. 

Abaturage baho bashyizeho gahunda y'ubuhinzi bukomeye burimo kubaka amaterasi ningamba zo kugumana no kuzamura uburumbuke bw'ubutaka. Amaterasi yubatswe k'umusozi kugirango arinde ubutaka isuri kandi ishobora kuva mubibaya kugera kumusozi muremure. Guhinduranya ibihingwa hagati yamasaka, umuceri, n'ibinyamisogwe bikomeza uburumbuke bwubutaka kandi bigabanya udukoko. Ibiti bikoreshwa mu gicucu, ibiryo, n’ifumbire y'icyatsi. *Khaya senegalensis* na *Acacia albida* nibyingenzi, hamwe nandi moko agera kuri 30. Intama zo mu rugo, ihene, n'inka birabikwa kandi bikagaburirwa mu kiraro mu gihe cy'ihinga, kandi ifumbire yabo igashyirwa ku materasi nyuma yo gusarura. Inyamaswa zo mu rugo zemerewe kurisha ku bimera by'amaterasi nyuma yo gusarura kugira ngo ifumbire ifumbire mu murima. Imyanda yo mu rugo, iy'abantu, n'ibimera ikoreshwa mugutezimbere ubutaka kumaterasi. 

## Amashakiro
Umusozi wa Sankwala

**Imisozi ya Sankwala** ni imisozi muri Obanliku Ubuyobozi bwibanze bwa Leta ya Cross River muri Nijeriya . Imisozi ya Sankwala iri mu majyepfo y’iburasirazuba bw'umujyi wa Obudu, mu majyaruguru y’igice cya Okwangwo cya Parike y’Uruzi rwa Cross . Imisozi igera ku burebure bwa  hejuru yinyanja. 

## Imiterere y'kirere
Imisozi ya Sankwala ifite ikirere gikonje. Ibi byakuruye ba mukerarugendo kuruyu musozi mumyaka yashize mukibaya cya Obudu k'umusozi wa Sankwala. 

## Ibikorwa bya ba mukerarugendo
Umusozi wa Sankwala wakira ibikorwa byinshi by'ubukerarugendo bitandukanye buri mwaka. Ibi byatumye habaho iterambere rya Resort Resort ya Obudu kuri imwe mu misozi miremire, izwi ku izina rya Oshie Ridge . 

## Amashakiro
Zaria Court Kigali

= Zaria Court Kigali =
***Zaria Court Kigali*** ni igikorwaremezo cyagenewe ibikorwa bya siporo, umuco n' imyidagaduro cyubatswe n' umushoramari Masai Ujiri ufite ubwenegihugu bwa Canada, akaba n' inshuti y' u Rwanda, byumwihariko akaba n' inshuti ya nyakubahwa Perezida wa repubulika y' u Rwanda Paul KAGAME, Ujiri yagaragaje ko icyi gikorwa cyuzuye gitwaye asaga miliyoni 25 z' amadolari.  

## Ibyo wamenya kuri Zaria court Kigali
Zaria Court Kigali bikomoka kugace ka "Zaria" kakaba agace ko muri Nigeriya aho Masai Ujiri yakuriye, Ujiri akomoka kuri Nyina ukomoka muri Kenya na se Ukomoka muri Nigeriya kandi yamenyekanye cyane muri champiyona ya basketball yo muri Amerika NBA kandi yabaye perezida wa Toronto Raptors yo muri Canada ikina iri rushanwa rya NBA. 

Zaria court KIgali igizwe n' ibice bitandukanye harimo nka Hoteli y' ibyumba bigera kuri 80, za Restaurants na Bar, GYM, ifite kandi ibibuga by' imikino itandukanye nka football yabato, basketball, ibyumba by' inama n' ibirori kandi ifite na pisine.

Iki gikorwaremezo kiri kubuso bwa hegitari 2,4, giherereye mu karere ka Gasabo, umurenge wa Remera, Akagari ka Amahoro mu Mudugudu wa Rukiri II ahazwe nko mucyanya cyahariwe ubukerarugendo bushingiye kuri siporo n' inyidagaduro, aha hubatse Zaria court ni ubutaka leta y' u Rwanda yahaye nk' inkondabutaka umushoramari Masia Ujiri  muri 2021 bityo Ujiri ahitamo gutangira ku bwubakaho icyi gikorwaremezo kuva muri 2023 imirimo yo kubaka irangira muri 2025.  

## Vuga

__INDEX__
__NEWSECTIONLINK__
Axum

Axum n'umujyi wo mu karere ka Tigray  muri Etiyopiya, uyu mujyi utuwe n'abaturage 66,900 guhera muri 2015. akaba ari  ikibanza cy'umurwa mukuru w'amateka  y'Ubwami  

Axum iherereye muri zone yo hagati y'akarere ka Tigray, hafi y'umusozi wa Adwa . Ifite uburebure bwa metero 2131( 6991feet)  kandi izengurutswe na La'ilay Maychew, imyenda yayobowe mu karere ka Tigray .

## Amateka
Amakuru make arahari ku byerekeranye n'ibinyejana bya mbere bya Aksum byafashwe nkubwihindurize kuva mu karere kajya m ubutegetsi bwiganje. Ubushakashatsi bw'ibyataburuwe mu matongo i Gobadra (Gobo Dara) no mu butare bwa Anqar Baahti bwerekana ko ibisigisigi bya Age Stone byegeranye. Ubucukuzi bwa R. Fattovich kuri amba 'Beta Giyorgis hejuru ya Aksum bwemeza imizi yabanjirije Aksumite yo gutura muri Aksum guhera mu kinyejana cya 7 kugeza mu cya 4 Mbere ya Yesu, Byongeye kandi, ubucukuzi bwakorewe muri parike ya Stele rwagati muri Aksum. bushimangira ibikorwa bikomeje muri kariya gace kuva intangiriro y'igihe rusange. Mu kinyejana cya 1 nyuma ya Yesu, Aksum yavuzweho kuba " metropolis " muri *Periplus y'inyanja ya Erythraean* .

## Uburezi
Kaminuza ya Aksum yashinzwe muri Gicurasi 2006 ku kibanza 4km(2.5mi), kuva Axum rwagati. Umuhango wo gutangiza ku mugaragaro wabaye ku ya 16 Gashyantare 2007 kandi ubuso bw’ikigo ni107ha(260acres) , hamwe nicyumba gihagije cyo kwaguka. Ishyirwaho rya kaminuza muri Axum  uruhare runini mu iterambere ry’igihugu muri rusange ndetse n’akarere by’umwihariko.

## Amashakiro
Brazzaville

**Brazzaville** ni umurwa mukuru wa Repubulika ya Kongo . Ubuyobozi, ni ishami na komine .  Igizwe n’ikigo cy’imari n’ubuyobozi bw’igihugu, giherereye mu majyaruguru ya Kongo, ahateganye na Kinshasa, umurwa mukuru wa Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo (DR Congo).

Bivugwa ko abaturage batuye m'umurwa mukuru barenga miliyoni 2.1 z'abaturage, bakaba barenga kimwe cya gatatu cy'abaturage batuye iki gihugu. Abagera kuri 40% bakoreshwa mu myuga itari iy'ubuhinzi. Mu Ntambara ya Kabiri y'Isi Yose, Brazzaville yabaye umurwa mukuru w’Ubufaransa bwigenga hagati ya 1940 na 1942.

Muri 2013, Brazzaville yagizwe Umujyi wa Muzika na UNESCO ; kuva icyo gihe nayo yabaye umunyamuryango wa Network Creative City Network . 

## Ubumenyi bw'isi
Brazzaville ifite igice kinini mu majyaruguru yumugezi wa congo, munsi yikidendezi cya Malebo . Mbamu, ikirwa kinini kiri mu kidengeri, ni igice cya Repubulika iharanira demokarasi ya Kongo.

Brazzaville ifite ubuso bungana na 506 km (314) mi) imbere mu nyanja ya Atalantika kandi hafi 474 km (295) mi) mu majyepfo ya ekwateri . Hirya no hino mu mujyi hari ibibaya binini. Umujyi urasa neza, kandi uherereye ku butumburuke bwa 317 m (1.040) ft) . Downriver congo ifite rapide nyinshi, izwi kwizina rya Livingston Falls, ikabuza kuzamuka hejuru kugeza aho biva kumunwa kuri Atlantike.

Kinshasa, umurwa mukuru wa Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo, iherereye ku nkombe y'amajyepfo ya Kongo, hakurya ya Brazzaville. Congo mu mazina yabo, Repubulika iharanira demokarasi ya Kongo rimwe na rimwe yitwa Congo-Brazzaville, bitandukanye na Congo Kinshasa. iruta inshuro eshanu kurenza Brazzaville mubaturage. Aha niho hantu honyine ku isi aho imigi ibiri y’umurwa mukuru w’igihugu yateye imbere ku nkombe z’umugezi, imbere yazo. 

Muri Werurwe 2018, "Itangazo rya Brazzaville" ryashyizweho umukono hagamijwe guteza imbere imicungire myiza no kubungabunga Centre ya Cuvette, akarere ko mu kibaya cya Congo cyane cyane muri DRC. Nubutaka bunini kandi bushyuha ku isi, bugizwe n’amashyamba arimo n’ibishanga. Kubungabunga kariya gace ni ngombwa mu mibereho ya megafauna, kandi ni ngombwa ku kirere ndetse no kw'isi. Gutwika yamba byarekura karubone nyinshi kandi bikazamura ubushyuhe bwisi. Iri tangazo ryo gukiza ubutaka bw’ibiti nk’ibinyabuzima binini cyane ku isi byashyizweho umukono na Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo, Repubulika ya Kongo, na Indoneziya, na byo bifite ubutaka. 

Brazzaville yashinzwe kungoma y'abakoroni y'abafaransa ku gace kavukire ka Bateke kavukire kitwa Ncuna, mu gihe cya Scramble for Africa igihe ibihugu by’i Burayi byashyiriraho urwego rukomeye kuri uyu mugabane.  Umushakashatsi wavukiye mu Butaliyani Pierre Savorgnan de Brazza,  wahawe ubwenegihugu bw’Ubufaransa mu 1874, yashinze ku mugaragaro ku ya 10 Nzeri 1880; bibuka izina rye.  

* *[[Dresden]]*, Germany
* *[[Weihai]]*, China
* *[[Kinshasa]]*, Democratic Republic of the Congo

## Amashakiro
Pariki y'igihugu ya Chambi

Pariki y'igihugu ya Djebel Chambi muri guverineri ya Kasserine muri Tuniziya . iyi parike iherereye mu burengerazuba hagati mu gihugu, parike yegereye umupaka na Alijeriya . irinda ibimera n’ibinyabuzima bikikije umusozi wa Chambi ( *Djebel Chambi* ), umusozi muremure (1.544m hejuru y’inyanja) muri Tuniziya.

Iyi parike iri mu mashyamba ya Mont de Tebessa azenguruka ako gace kuva Kasserine kugera ku mupaka wa Alijeriya. Parike ntizifite imigezi ihoraho, ariko ni imwe muza gaze ya Cuvier iri mu kaga ndetse n’inzu y’intama za Barbary zitishoboye. Iyi pariki kandi niho hari ubuzima bw’ibimera  ( holm oak na Cotoneaster nummularia, pinusi ya Aleppo , na Stipa tenacissima)

Mu 1970, hashyizweho hegitare 300 (740 acre) izitiriwe uruzitiro rwo kurinda gazel ya Cuvier.Mu 1977, parike n’akarere kayikikije byagizwe ikigega cy’ibinyabuzima cya UNESCO . Parike  yashinzwe nka parike yo mu gihugu

## Amashakiro
Kibuye, Rwanda

**Kibuye** n'umujyi wo mu Karere ka Karongi, ukaba uherereyemo n'icyicaro gikuru cy'Intara y'Iburengerazuba mu Rwanda .

## Aho Uherereye
Uyu mujyi ufata ku nkombe y'iburasirazuba bw'ikiyaga cya Kivu, hagati ya Gisenyi na Cyangugu, nko mu birometero , uvuye mu mujyi wa Kigali, umurwa mukuru.  Korudone uyu mujyi uherereyeho ni : 2 ° 03'42.0 "S, 29 ° 20'54.0" E (Ubunini: -2.061672; Uburebure: 29.348344). 

## Incamake
Kibuye izwi nkahantu hari inkombe ziriho umucange mwiza kandi ikaba ituranye na parike ebyiri z'igihugu. Niho hari urwibutso rwa Jenoside rugaragaza ubwicanyi bwakorewe 90% by'abatutsi bo muri uyu mujyi muri Jenoside yakorewe abatutsi mu wa 1994 . Isumo rya Ndaba  riri hafi yumujyi. 

Urugomero rwamashanyarazi rwa Kibuye 1  na KivuWatt Station  biherereye muri Kibuye.

## Reba kandi
 

* Gusohokera ku kiyaga cya Kivu
* Gitesi
* Rubengera
* Gasenyi
* Birambo

## Reba

## Ihuza ryo hanze

* Kibuye travel guide from Wikivoyage
* On The Shores Of Lake Kivu
02°03′42″S 29°20′54″E﻿ / ﻿2.06167°S 29.34833°E﻿ / -2.06167; 29.34833
Humure

**Humure** ni umusozi muremure uri mu Karere ka Gatsibo, Intara y’Uburasirazuba mu gihugu cy'u Rwanda. Uherereye hagati ya Nyagisozi, Kageyo ya Gatsibo, Remera, Kirwa na Muhura, mu Mudugudu wa Kigabiro, Akagari ka Kigabiro, Umurenge wa Remera. Mu Rwanda rwo hambere, aho hantu hari mu karere k’u Buganza.

## Amateka
Mu mpinga ya Humure hari hubatse urugo rw’Umwami Kigeri IV Rwabugiri, kimwe mu birindiro bye by’amateka. Indi mirwa yari afite yubatse ni Gatsibo y’Imitoma n’i Rwamagana. Hari igitekerezo kivuga ko izina *Humure* ryaturutse ku Mwami Ruganzu II Ndori waharambagiriye mu gihe yarambagiraga igihugu maze akaharuhukira. Aho Ruganzu yaruhukiye ni kurutare ruri mu ibanga ry'umusozi wa Humure, hakaba ari ahitwa Ryanjero hakaba hari n'iriba ryitwa Ryanjyero.

## Ibigabiro
Mu bigabiro byahoze kuri uwo musozi, hasigaye igiti kimwe cyitwa Ruganiriro, ari cyo cyari ku rugo rw’umwami. Ni igiti cy’umuganashya cyarikagwagamo imizinga y’inzuki zatangaga ubuki bwitwa inziramvuzo. Icyo giti gifatwa nk’igisigaratongo cy’ibigabiro bya kera. 

Hafi yaho kandi hari ikindi giti kinini cyitwaga Ndaruhutse, cyabaye ikimenyetso cy’uburyo umusozi wa Humure wabonwaga n’abaturutse kure, cyane cyane Abanyarwanda bajyaga guhaha i Bugande. Cyari igiti cy’icyerekezo cyabafashaga kutayoba bageze mu Mutara. Bitewe n’umuyaga wakomotse ku muriro w’abashumba, icyo giti cyaje kugwa. Hari ababivuga nk’inkuru ishingiye ku myemerere y’uko cyaba cyaratewe nk’igiti cy’intsinzi kugira ngo u Rwanda rutsinde Nyirabiyoro wari utuye mu Mubari wa Kabeja.

## Inyambo n’ubworozi
Ku ngoma ya Mutara III Rudahigwa, i Humure hashinzwe igikingi cy’inyambo zitwaga Intabangira, zari zishinzwe umutware Ryumugabe. Mbere yo kuhazana iryo shyo ry’inyambo, Ryumugabe yari yarahagabiye inka z’Impezamihigo zari zaraturutse i Gituza. Humure yari ifite urwuri rurerure rumeramo ubwatsi bunyuranye, burimo *inyovi*, *uruhihi*, n’*ivubwe*, ibyo bikaba bijyanye n’amategeko agenga ubworozi bw'inyambo, kuko inyambo zitari zemerewe kurisha hamwe n’andi matungo nk’ihene cyangwa inkoko. Intabangira zaje kwagukira no mu yindi mirwa nka Murambi n’i Nduba.

## Inyandiko zifashishijwe
Rugenge (Ikigabiro cya Rwabugiri)

**Rugenge** hazwi nko ku Kigabiro cya Rugenge, ni ahantu h’amateka haherereye mu Ntara y’Uburasirazuba, Akarere ka Bugesera, Umurenge wa Gashora, Akagari ka Ramiro, Umudugudu wa Kagasa. Aha ni ho honyine mu Bugesera hatuye umwami w’u Rwanda, ari we Kigeri IV Rwabugiri.

## Amateka
Urugo rwa Kigeri IV Rwabugiri rwari rwubatse i Rugenge, aho yatungiye umugore w’Umurundikazi witwaga Murerwa wa Ngwije. Murerwa yari yarahunze u Burundi hamwe na musaza we Cyoya, nyuma yo kwigomeka ku mwami w’u Burundi. Cyoya yazanye n’ingabo ze zitwaga Inyange, akimara kugera mu Rwanda, Umwami Rwabugiri yaramwakiriye amugira umutware ukomeye mu gihugu.

Nyuma y’igihe, Rwabugiri yashyingiye Murerwa umuhungu we Sharangabo.

## Ibisigaratongo
Ahahoze urugo rwa Rwabugiri i Rugenge hasigaye igiti cy’umuvumu cyari cyaratemwe ariko cyaje kongera gushibuka. Kuri ubu ahahoze urwo rugo hubatse uruganda rukora ibyuma (fer à béton).

Hafi y’aho, mu bilometero bibiri, mu Murenge wa Rweru, Akagari ka Nemba, Umudugudu wa Rutete, hari ahitwa Ku Kavure ka Rwabugiri, ahari iriba rito ryitiriwe uwo mwami. Bivugwa ko ari Rwabugiri warifukuje, kandi n’ubu rikoreshwa n’aborozi bo muri ako gace buhira inka. Inka nkuru zashokaga ku rindi riba ryitwaga iriba rya Nyirarubomboza.

## Kintambwe na Rwacyoya
Aho Cyoya yagabiwe n’Umwami Rwabugiri akahatura, haje kwitwa "*Kintambwe*" rikaba ari ijambo ry’Ikirundi risobanura *Intare*, kubera ko ako gace kabagamo inyamaswa nyinshi zirimo n’intare. Ubu, Kintambwe ni Akagari ko mu Murenge wa Rweru, aho kandi habarizwa iriba rya Rwacyoya, rifatwa nk’iriba ryafukujwe na Cyoya.

## Inyandiko zifashishijwe
Akarwa k'abakobwa

**Akarwa k’Abakobwa** ni akarwa gaherereye mu kiyaga cya Kivu, hafi y’umwaro wa Nyamasheke, mu karere ka Nyamasheke, Intara y’Iburengerazuba y’u Rwanda. Aka karwa kazwi mu mateka n’umuco nyarwanda nk’ahajyanwaga abakobwa batwaye inda z’indaro mu gihe cya cyami, mu rwego rwo kubahana no kubasiga ishyanga nk’uko byari bisanzwe mu muco wa kera.

## Imiterere n’indangamerekezo
Akarwa k’Abakobwa kari mu mudugudu wa Gikuyu, Akagari ka Ninzi, Umurenge wa Kagano, mu karere ka Nyamasheke. Ako karwa gaherereye mu bilometero bike uvuye ku nkombe za Kivu, kandi kari hafi y’undi mwaro uzwi mu mateka y’ubwikorezi n’ubucuruzi bwambukiranya ibihugu.

## Inkomoko
Mu muco nyarwanda wa kera, gutwara inda y’indaro (inda y’umukobwa utarashyingiwe) byafatwaga nk’icyaha gikomeye. Iyo byamenyekanaga, umukobwa yahabwaga igihano cyo gucibwa, agakurwa mu muryango agasigwa ishyanga cyangwa ahantu hadatuwe.

Mu turere twegereye Nyamasheke, nk’uko byanditswe na Bigirumwami (1974), abakobwa batwaye inda z’indaro boherezwaga kuri aka karwa, aho babaga ari bonyine. Kubera icyo gikorwa cyo guherekezwa no gusigwa kuri aka karwa, kazwi kugeza n’uyu munsi ku izina rya **“**Akarwa k’Abakobwa.**”**

## Ikoreshwa ry’aka karwa
Abahavu bari abaturage bo ku nkengero z’ikiyaga cya Kivu bajyaga basura aka karwa, bamwe bagasanga abakobwa bagihari bataricwa n’inzara cyangwa inyamaswa. Bamwe muri abo bakobwa barashyingirwaga cyangwa bagatwarwa n’abo bagabo, bagakomereza ubuzima mu bundi buryo.

## Umumaro w’amateka
Akarwa k’Abakobwa gafite akamaro k’umuco n’amateka, kuko kerekana imyumvire y’ibihe byashize ku bijyanye n’uburere, imyifatire n’imyemerere ku bagore n’abakobwa mu Rwanda rwa kera. Ubu ni ahantu h’inyigisho z’amateka n’uburenganzira bwa muntu, hashingira ku guha agaciro ubuzima no kurwanya ihutazwa rishingiye ku gitsina.

## Inyandiko zifashishijwe
Idanre Hill

**Umusozi wa Idanre**, uzwi kw'izina rya **Oke Idanre** uherereye mu mujyi wa Idanre muri Leta ya Ondo mu majyepfo y'uburengerazuba bwa Nijeriya . 

Umusozi wa Idanre uzwi cyane kubera ibyiza nyaburanga.  ] ​​​​​​   Iherereye ku butumburuke bwa 3000ft (metero 914.4) hejuru y'inyanja kandi ikagira urusobe rw'ibinyabuzima bidasanzwe aho umuco wahujwe. Ifite kandi  kandi butandukanye bwibidukikije bwibinyabuzima. umusozi wa Oke Idanre ikubiyemo bio-physique nubutaka bukomeye buranga imikoranire n'ibintu bifatika byaremye imico irambye mumiterere. 

## Amatangazo yukuri na / cyangwa ubunyangamugayo
Umusozi wa Idanre ni ahantu nyaburanga haherereye muri Leta ya Ondo, muri Nijeriya. Hiyongereyeho ubwiza bwaho, bwateye amatsiko abantu benshi, ni uko abaturage ba Idanre bose babayeho kuri uwo musozi hafi imyaka igihumbi. Kuva abimukira batangira kugabanuka, mu 1923, imiterere y'ibimera kimwe n’ibinyabuzima n’ibinyabuzima by’indabyo byakomeje gutangwa. Ariko, iminsi mikuru itanga ibihe kubutaka buke kugirango bongere guhura n'ibidukikije ndetse no kongera kwerekana amateka ya Idanre hamwe nimitekerereze yagutse ya Yoruba, imigani n’ubufatanye. 

kuruyu musozi bizihiza umunsi mukuru wa Ogun, mugihe cy'Ukwakira na Ije, ukwira iminsi irindwi.  

Usibye iminsi mikuru ya theeses, ituma urubuga ruba umuco gakondo, ibimera n’ibinyabuzima byo ku musozi nabyo birihariye. Hariho ubwoko bwihariye bw'inyamaswa zitagira umurizo zitwa Hyrax ziba ku rutare gusa muri kinogihe zirimo kuzimira kubera guhiga. Hariho kandi inkende zidasanzwe zagaragaye hafi y'imisozi ya Orosun.

Umusozi kandi ukunda kugendwaho n'itsinda ryabahanga nabashakashatsi mu by'imirima. Ikibanza kibamo itsinda ryibibabi, kandi abantu bakora ibirori bidasanzwe byibibabi buri mwaka. Umusozi urimo gukoreshwa nabakinnyi ba firime nkahantu bakinira henshi muri firime zabo. Byongeye kandi, havugwa mu gitabo cy’umuntu umwe rukumbi wegukanye igihembo cyitiriwe Nobel kubera ubuvanganzo muri Afurika, Porofeseri Wole Soyinka, uzwi cyane ku gitabo cye "Idanre n’ibindi bisigo". 

## Umuco
Umudugudu wa kera wa Idanre wabayeho ku musozi kuva kera, icyakora umuco w’iburengerazuba wamenyekanye mu mujyi wa kera igihe itsinda ry’abamisiyonari bayobowe na nyiricyubahiro Gilbert Carter ryageraga mu myaka yaza 1894. 

Abamisiyoneri bubatse ishuri ryambere mu mwaka wa 1896 inyubako yibumba iracyafite imbaraga kugeza na nubu. Mu 1906, hashyizweho urukiko rw'amategeko . Harimo gereza ya kera aho abakatiwe bamara igifungo cyabo. 

## Reba
Umusozi wa Rwenzori

**Rwenzori** ni imisozi miremire yo muri Afurika y’iburasirazuba bw’uburinganire, iherereye ku mupaka uhuza Uganda na Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo . Impinga ndende ya Ruwenzori ifite uburebure bwa  , ni umusozi ukunda kugaragaraho ibicu ndetse n'urubura. Inzuzi zigaburirwa ninzuzi zo mumisozi zigize imwe mumasoko ya Nili .  Kubera iyo mpamvu, abashakashatsi b’i Burayi bahujije Ruwenzori n’imisozi y’imigani y’ukwezi, byavuzwe n’intiti y’Ubugereki Ptolémée nk’isoko ya Nili. Pariki y'igihugu ya Virunga mu burasirazuba bwa DR Congo na Parike ya Rwenzori yo mu majyepfo y'uburengerazuba bwa Uganda iherereye muri urwo rwego.

Imisozi yashinzwe ahagana mumyaka  miriyoni eshatu ishize mugihe cyanyuma cya Pliocene kandi ni ibisubizo byazamuye amabuye ya kristaline harimo gneiss, amphibolite, granite na quartzite . 

Rwenzori ifite imisozi miremire itari ibirunga, idafite orogene ku isi. 

## Amateka ya Rwenzori
Rimwe na rimwe imisozi igaragazwa n’imigani uyu musozi wo bawitiriye " Umusozi w'ukwezi ", ivugwa mu bihe bya kera nk'isoko y'uruzi rwa Nili . Abashakashatsi bo mu Burayi bwa none barebye intera yatangiye guhera mu mpera z'ikinyejana cya , Samuel Baker avuga icyo yise "Imisozi y'Ubururu" yegereye intera mu 1864, naho Henry M. Stanley asura intera mu 1875 na 1888, ubwo yandikaga izina nka "Ruwenzori". 

Mu 1906,umushakashatsi Duke wa Abruzzi yakoze urugendo rugana i Ruwenzori, iyo nkuru ikaba yarasohowe na Filippo De Filippi . Urwo rugendo rwapimye impinga ndende cyane y’urwo rwego, inyinshi muri zo zikaba zaritiriwe umutware, naho umusozi wa Luigi di Savoia witwa izina rye.  Aherekejwe na duke yari umufotozi Vittorio Sella, wari wasuye imisozi mbere.  Igikorwa cyo gufotora Sella kibitswe kuri Museo Nazionale della Montagna muri Turin no kuri Istituto di Fotografia Alpina Vittorio Sella muri Biella, haba mu Butaliyani. Kaminuza ya Makerere, muri Uganda, nayo ifite guhitamo amashusho ye. 

## Amashakiro
Ishuri ryisumbuye rya Nyange

**Ishuri ryisumbuye rya Nyange** riherereye ku Musozi wa Nyange ufite uburebure bwa metero 1,783, uherereye mu Mudugudu wa Ngobagoba, Akagari ka Gaseke, Umurenge wa Nyange, mu Karere ka Ngororero. Uyu musozi, wahoze mu cyahoze cyitwa Ubudaha, wubatseho iryo shuri rikaba ari ryo ryagabweho igitero gikomeye mu mwaka wa 1997 n’ikindi mu mwaka wa 1998.

## Ubwicanyi bw’i Nyange mu 1997 no mu 1998
Ubwicanyi bw’i Nyange ni kimwe mu bikorwa by’ubugizi bwa nabi byakozwe n’abacengezi mu Rwanda nyuma ya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994. Ibyo bikorwa byabaye ku wa 18 Werurwe 1997 ku Ishuri Ryisumbuye rya Nyange riherereye mu Karere ka Ngororero, Intara y’Iburengerazuba, aho abanyeshuri barindwi bishwe bazira kwanga kwitandukanya hashingiwe ku moko. Iri shyano ryagize uruhare runini mu gusigasira indangagaciro z’ubumwe n’ubwiyunge mu Rwanda, ndetse abahitanywe n’icyo gitero bakaba barashyizwe mu rwego rw’Intwari z’u Rwanda mu cyiciro cy’Imena.

### Igitero cya Mbere: 18 Werurwe 1997
Ahagana saa mbiri z’ijoro, abacengezi baturukaga mu mashyamba yo muri Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo bateye ishuri ryisumbuye rya Nyange. Babanje kwica umuzamu Jean Baptiste Zibera, bamukubita icyuma ndetse bamutemagura ijosi. Binjiye mu ishuri ry’abanyeshuri bigaga mu mwaka wa gatandatu, babategeka kwitandukanya hashingiwe ku moko, ariko abo banyeshuri bose banga kubyemera bavuga ko ari Abanyarwanda.

Abacengezi bahise babarasa, hapfiramo abanyeshuri batatu:

* **Bizimana Sylvestre**
* **Mujawamahoro Marie Chantal**
* **Mukambaraga Béatrice**

Binjiye mu rindi shuri ry’umwaka wa gatanu barongera babategeka kwitandukanya, barabyanga. Babarasaho, barabatemagura, banabateramo grenade, hapfiramo abandi bane:

* **Benimana Hélène**
* **Mukarutwaza Séraphine**
* **Ndemeye Valens**
* **Niyongira Ferdinand**

Abandi banyeshuri benshi barakomereka. Ingabo z’u Rwanda zahise zihagera, zirwana n’abo bacengezi, bariruka, umwe aricwa.

### Igitero cya kabiri: 4 Nzeri 1998
Mu gihe abanyeshuri bari mu biruhuko, abacengezi bongeye gutera Nyange. Bishe abarimu batatu bari batuye mu kigo:

* **Gakoti Léonard**
* **Byandagara Valens**
* **Dukuzeyezu Sixfield**

Banateye urusisiro rwa Rubyiniro i Nyange, bahica abaturage batandatu.

## Kwibukwa nk’Intwari
Ku wa 12 Ukuboza 2001, Inama y’Abaminisitiri y’u Rwanda yemeje ko abanyeshuri 47 bigaga mu mwaka wa gatanu n’uwa gatandatu b’i Nyange baba Intwari z’u Rwanda mu cyiciro cy’Imena, harimo abapfuye n’abarokotse. Iki cyemezo cyashingiye ku ndangagaciro y’ubumwe n’ubutwari bagaragaje banze kwitandukanya hashingiwe ku moko.

## Urwibutso
Nubwo Igicumbi cy’Intwari z’Igihugu giherereye i Remera mu Mujyi wa Kigali, Ishuri ryisumbuye rya Nyange na ryo ryubatse urwibutso rw’abo banyeshuri biciwemo, harimo n’amazina yabo yanditse ku kimenyetso cy’urwibutso.

## Inyandiko zifashishijwe
Ruhimandyarya

**Ruhimandyarya**, izwi cyane ku izina ry’*Urutare rw’Abarundi*, ni urutare runini kandi rurerure ruhanamiye ku mugezi wa Nyakabuye, uherereye mu Mudugudu wa Gasebeya, Akagari ka Gaseke, Umurenge wa Nyakabuye, Akarere ka Rusizi, mu Ntara y'Iburengerazuba y’u Rwanda. Uru rutare ruri mu gace kari kazwi kera nka Bukunzi, kamwe mu turere tw’icyaro dufite amateka maremare y’abimukira n’ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro.

## Amateka y’izina
Izina *Urutare rw’Abarundi* rituruka ku muryango wa Mubarure, yari umugabo wari ufite inkomoko mu gihugu cy’u Burundi wageze mu Rwanda ahagana mu mwaka wa 1935. Mubarure yari umuhigi, hamwe n’abandi baje bari kumwe, bakaza guhigira mu mashyamba ya Bweyeye, Ikimena na Nyirandakunze (Cyamudongo) ariyo bahigiragamo inyamaswa. Nyuma baje gutura hejuru y’urwo rutare, bahaba igihe kirekire bituma abaturage baho barwita urw’Abarundi.

### Ibisobanuro by’izina ''Ruhimandyarya''
Izina **Ruhimandyarya** ryatanzwe na Sanduruma Faransisiko, mwene Mubarure, wari uzwi nk’umucukuzi w’amabuye y’agaciro by’umwihariko zahabu. Yacukuraga zahabu mu ishyamba rya Bweyeye akajya kuyigurisha i Bukavu muri Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo. Kubera ko abamuguriraga zahabu akenshi batamwishyuraga, Sanduruma yafashe icyemezo cyo guhisha amafaranga ye mu isenga riri muri urwo rutare, nk’uburyo bwo "guhima indyarya". Aho yahishaga amafaranga hari hahanamye cyane, bikagorana kuhagera cyangwa kuyiba. Ibyo byatumye urwo rutare rutangira kwitwa *Ruhimandyarya.*

## Ubumenyi bw’amateka n’ubushakashatsi
Urutare rwa Ruhimandyarya rufite agaciro gakomeye mu by’amateka kuko rwakoreweho ubushakashatsi n’umubirigikazi witwa Irene Boutakoff. Uyu muhanga mu by’amateka yibanze ku byasigaye byo hambere (Ibisigaratongo mu rurimi rw'igifaransa byitwa archéologie), aho yavumbuyemo ibikoresho by’amabuye aconze byakoreshwaga n’abakurambere b’Abanyarwanda mbere y’igihe cy’icyuma.

## Inyandiko zifashishijwe
Inyamaswa zo muri Tanzaniya

Tanzaniya irimo ibice 20 kw'ijana by'ubwoko bunini bw'inyamabere z’inyamabere z’Afurika, ziboneka hirya no hino mu mashyamba naza pariki, ahantu hagenewe kubungabunga ibidukikije, parike zo mu nyanja, na parike 17 z’igihugu, zikwirakwira ku buso bwa  no gukora hafi 38 ku ijana by'ubutaka bw'igihugu.   Umutungo w’ibinyabuzima wo muri Tanzaniya uvugwa ko utabangikanye muri Afurika n'igihugu cyambere kireba imikino ". Parike ya Serengeti, ubuso bwa kabiri mu gihugu muri parike y’igihugu kuri , iherereye mu majyaruguru ya Tanzaniya kandi izwi cyane kubera amashyo menshi yimuka y’inyamanswa na zebra mu gihe kandi azwiho kuba kimwe mu bintu bitangaje by’isi. Agace ko kubungabunga Ngorongoro, gashinzwe mu 1959, ni Umurage w’isi wa UNESCO  kandi utuwe n’abaturage ba Maasai .  Crater yayo ya Ngorongoro niyo Caldera nini cyane ku isi.  

## Amavu n'amavuko
Kuva mu gihe cy'ubakoloni, kubungabunga inyamaswa muri Tanzaniya byabaye umukoro kuri guverinoma ya tanzaniya. Muri uru rwego, imikoreshereze y’umutungo w’inyamanswa n’abaturage baho yari isanzwe ibuza, bigatuma ubukene bwiyongera mu cyaro no guhiga . Mu myaka yashize, ikigo cy’igihugu cya parike ya Tanzaniya (TANAPA) cyatangije ibikorwa byo gukosora kugira ngo abaturage baho bagire uruhare mu kubungabunga ibidukikije, bigamije gutanga umusanzu mu bukungu bw’ibanze binyuze mu kugabana inyungu zingana.

## Amashakiro
Rukarara

**Umugezi wa Rukarara** (cyangwa Lukarara) ni uruzi rwo mu burengerazuba bw'u Rwanda rukaba uruzi rw'umugezi wa Mwogo, na rwo rukaba uruzi rw'umugezi wa Nyabarongo . Namazi ya kure cyane ya Nili .

## Inkomoko
Rukarara n'uruzi ruzamuka rukagera mu majyepfo  y’u Rwanda mu burasirazuba bw’igabana rya Kongo Nili .Igishanga cya Kamiranzovu kiri mu ishyamba rya Nyungwe ritanga umugezi wa Rukarara. [ 1 ] Inkomoko ya Rukarara ubu izwiho kuba ariyo isoko rusange ya Nili .   Ibi byashimangiwe n’urugendo rwo mu 2005/2006 rwerekeje ku ruzi hamwe n’ibikoresho bigezweho byo kugenda. Inkomoko ya Nili, isoko ya kure kuva mu kanwa kayo, iri ku butumburuke bwa , ku burebure n'uburebure

Rukarara ifite inkomoko mu Karere ka Nyamagabe . Umugezi wa Nyirabugoyi na Rubyiro niwo mugezi wacyo mukuru, byombi bizamuka muri parike y'igihugu ya Nyungwe .  Rukarara ni nzira ndende yinzuzi zitanga Mwogo. [ 6 ] Rukarara itemba mu majyepfo hanyuma iburasirazuba, isuka mu ruzi rwa Mwogo. Mwogo igatemba imena mu majyaruguru, ihuza uruzi rwa Mbirurume mu majyepfo ya Bwek kugira ngo ruhinduke uruzi rwa Nyabarongo . 

## Reba
Gisozi

01°55′4.08″S 30°03′40.68″E﻿ / ﻿1.9178000°S 30.0613000°E﻿ / -1.9178000; 30.0613000**Umurenge wa Gisozi** ni umwe mu mirenge 15 yo mu karere ka Gasabo mu ntara y'umugi wa Kigali mu Rwanda.

## Ubumenyi bw'isi
Umurenge wa Gisozi ufite ubuso bwa 9.1km 2 kandi ufite ubutumburuke bwa metero 1.510  .Umurenge ugabanyijemo serire ebyiri: Musezero mu majyaruguru y'uburasirazuba na Ruhango mu majyepfo y'uburengerazuba.   Imirenge ituranye ya Gisozi ni Jabana mu majyaruguru, Kinyinya mu burasirazuba, Kacyiru mu majyepfo y'iburasirazuba, Muhima mu majyepfo na Gatsata mu burengerazuba.  Mu burengerazuba, akaba ariwo murenge uhana imbibi n'umugezi wa Nyabugogo.

## Imibare y'abaturage
Ibarura rusange ry’u Rwanda ryo mu 2022, abaturage bari 75.611. Imyaka icumi mbere yaho, yari 44.003, ibyo bikaba bihwanye n'ubwiyongere bw'abaturage buri mwaka bwiyongereyeho 5,6 ku ijana hagati ya 2012 na  .

## Umuco

Uyu murenge urimo urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Kigali, ahashyinguwe abantu barenga 250.000 bazize jenoside mu Rwanda . Mu 2023, Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Kigali, hamwe n’izindi nzibutso eshatu, rwashyizwe mu murage w’isi wa UNESCO .

## Uburezi
Université Libre de Kigali (ULK) hamwe n’ishuri mpuzamahanga rya École Belge de Kigali i Gisozi.

## Reba
Cyangugu

**Cyangugu** (ahahoze ari Shangugu) n'umujyi  mukuru w'akarere ka Rusizi mu Ntara y'Iburengerazuba, mu Rwanda . Uyu mujyi ukaba uherereye mu majyepfo y’ikiyaga cya Kivu, kandi ukaba uhuza Bukavu, Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya congo, ariko ukitandukanya n'uwo n'umugezi wa Ruzizi . Ibiraro bibiri n'urugomero rwambuka umupaka.

ifite ibice bibiri by'ingenzi: Cyangugu ubwayo ni akarere gafite ubucucike buke ku nkombe z'ikiyaga, naho Kamembe n'ikigo kinini cy’inganda n’ubwikorezi kiri imbere imbere no mu majyaruguru. Ikibuga cy'indege cya Kamembe gikorera mu mujyi n'indege inshuro 11 mu cyumweru zerekeza Kigali, zikoreshwa na RwandAir .

Uyu mujyi uri hafi y’ishyamba rya Nyungwe, ahantu nyaburanga hasurwa n’abakerarugendo, akaba ari kamwe mu turere tw’amashyamba twa nyuma dusigaye mu Rwanda .

Mu 2022 uyu umujyi wari utuwe n'abaturage 43.866.

## Amashakiro

# https://www.citypopulation.de/en/rwanda/cities/