open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Ubumuga muri Bangladesh

Hagati y’abantu miliyoni 16 bafite **ubumuga muri Bangladesh**, cyangwa 10% by’abaturage b’igihugu.  Mu mwaka wa 2004, ubwinshi bw’abantu bafite ubumuga bwari hafi 6% mu bafite munsi y’imyaka 18, naho mu bafite hejuru y’iyo myaka bwari hafi 14%. Abantu bafite ubumuga muri Bangaladeshi bafite uburenganzira bwo gufashwa na leta, ariko porogaramu zari zifite ubushobozi buke kandi zigakorerwa mu mijyi gusa, kandi ibijyanye n’ubumuga ntibyashyizwe mu bikorwa mu porogaramu z’iterambere rusange. Mu gusubiza iki kibazo, imiryango itari iya leta (NGOs) nka Centre for Disability in Development yagiye itanga ubufasha ku bantu bafite ubumuga.

Uburyo abantu benshi muri Bangladesh babona ubumuga bukomeje kuba bubi cyane. By’umwihariko mu bice by’icyaro, ubumuga akenshi bubonwa nk’umuvumo uvuye ku makosa y’ababyeyi, kandi akenshi bikemerwa ko bushobora kwandura. Abana bafite ubumuga n’abatagifite akenshi ntibagira ubucuti, bigatuma habaho gutandukana gukomeza no mu buzima bw’abakuze.

Bangladesh ni igihugu cyemeye Masezerano ya Loni ku Burenganzira bw’Abantu bafite Ubumuga (CRPD),cyayasinye ku wa 9 Gicurasi 2007 kandi kikayemeza vuba bidatinze ku wa 30 Ugushyingo 2007. Ku wa 9 Ukwakira 2013, Bangladesh yemeje umushinga w’itegeko witwa Persons with Disabilities' Rights and Protection Act 2013, washyize mu bikorwa inshingano zacyo ziri muri CRPD. Iri tegeko ryasimbuye Disabled Welfare Act rya 2001.

## Reba kandi

* Ibipfamatwi muri Bangladesh

## Reba
Playmation

***Playmation*** ni sisitemu y'ibikinisho,ibikoresho byambarwa, n'uburyo bwo mu mikino ya telefoni (apps) byakozwe na Disney na Hasbro .  Sisitemu yashizweho kugirango ifashe abana kuguma bakora ibikorwa bibafasha gukina no kwimenyereza, isimbura gukinira kuri za ecrans n'imikino yo kwiyumvisha.  Abakinnyi barashobora kwakira ubutumwa binyuze muri porogaramu ya mugenzi, kandi bagakurikirana amanota nibikorwa.

Sisitemu yo gukinisha yatangijwe mu Kwakira 2015 hamwe nicyegeranyo cya Marvel Avengers. *Inyenyeri Yintambara* na *Frozen* byari biteganijwe muri 2016 na 2017. 

Biravugwa ko benshi mu bagize itsinda ry’iterambere bahagaritswe ku kazi kandi ko mu gihe umurongo w’ibicuruzwa bihora Avengers uzakomeza kugurishwa kugeza kuri Noheri 2016 irindi terambere ryari rihagaze. Porogaramu  n'umurongo w'igikinisho cya Marvel byahagaritswe ku ya 28 Werurwe 2019
Baidu Raven

**Raven** ni izina ry'ikirango cy'amatangazo y'amajwi y'ubwenge (smart speakers) ,yatejwe imbere n'ikigo cy'abashinwa gitanga serivisi za interineti kitwa Baidu . Ibikoresho bihuza amajwi agenzurwa n'ubwenge bw'umuntu wungirije serivise DuerOS.  ibisubizo bivuye ku kuba Baidu yaguze Raven Tech muri Gashyantare 2017.  Raven H yatangiye kugurishwa mu Kuboza 2017, icya mbere mu bicuruzwa bitatu byateganijwe munsi y’ikirango.

## Ibicuruzwa

### Raven H.
The Raven H n'umuvugizi w'ubwenge ugizwe ni byuma umunani. Icyuma cy'umutuku gishobora gukurwaho kiri hejuru gishobora kuzamuka no kumanuka ,kandi gifite kandi igikoresho kigenga cy'ihuzanziga rya LED gifata ku kiganza (touch controller).  DuerOS ishoboye guhuza amajwi, gucuranga imiziki, gutanga ikirere, no gusuhuza imodoka kuva Didi Chuxing kubikoresho. Yatangijwe bwa mbere mu Gushyingo 2017 mu nama ngarukamwaka  World yabereye i Beijing .  Mu ndege, igikoresho gifite disikuru ya Tymphany. Mu Bushinwa, igikoresho cyabonetse mu Kuboza 2017 ku mafaranga 1.699. 

### Raven R.
The Raven R n'igishushanyo mbonera cy'ubwenge gifite ingingo esheshatu zigenda, zikoreshwa mu gukora imirimo yoroshye no kwerekana amarangamutima ku murongo wa LED. 

### Raven Q.
The Raven Q ni robot yo murugo iteganijwe izashobora kuzenguruka inzu, usibye gukora nk'umufasha w'ukuri. 

## Reba
Ubumuga muri Azaribayijan

Abantu bagera kuri 624.000 bo muri Azaribayijan bafite ubumuga butandukanye, bikaba byagize hafi 6.4% by’abaturage bose.

## Amateka
Muri Mutarama 2009, igihugu cyemeje Amasezerano yerekeye uburenganzira bw’abafite ubumuga (CRPD). Mu kwezi kwa Mutarama 2011, cyatanze raporo y’igihugu ku ngamba zafashwe mu gushyira mu bikorwa inshingano zacyo ziri muri CRPD, ndetse n’iterambere ryagezweho muri icyo rwego, ku Ishami ry’Aburenganzira bw’Abantu bafite Ubumuga.

## Ibyiciro
Abenshi mu bantu bafite ubumuga muri icyo gihugu ** bafite ubumuga bw’umubiri, ubumuga bwo kumva cyangwa kubona, cyangwa ubumuga bwo mu mutwe  &#x5B; ** &#x5D;

## Amategeko
Itegeko rya Disability Prevention and Disabled Persons (Rehabilitation and Social Protection) Act rya 1992 rirabujije ivangura iryo ari ryo ryose ku mwana ufite ubumuga. Itegeko ku Burenganzira bw’Abana (Law on Children's Rights) ririnda abana bafite ubumuga mu nzego zitandukanye.

## Inzego
Hari ibigo 14 by’ivuriro n’iterambere ry’abantu bafite ubumuga muri icyo gihugu, byita ku bantu bagera ku 10,000 bafite ubumuga buri mwaka.

## Ibikoresho rusange
Muri mwaka wa 2019, Baku Metro yatangije gahunda yo gutanga abakozi babiri bagomba gufasha abantu bafite ubumuga kugera aho bagiye.

## Siporo
Azaribayijan yatangiye imikino Paralempike mu mikino Paralempike yo mu mwaka wa 1996 yabereye i Atlanta, hamwe n’intumwa z’abantu babiri bahatanira gusiganwa ku maguru no gusiganwa ku maguru . Yagiye muri buri cyiciro cyakurikiyeho cy’imikino Paralympike, ariko ntabwo yigeze yitabira imikino Paralympike . 

## Reba kandi

* Ururimi rw'amarenga rwo muri Azaribayijan

## Reba
Ubumuga no gusubiza mu buzima busanzwe

***Ubumuga no gusubiza mu buzima busanzwe*** ni ikinyamakuru cy’ubuvuzi gisesengurwa n’abahanga kigaruka ku mpande zose z’ubumuga n’ubuvuzi bw’iterambere ry’ubumuga, harimo n’imyitozo ndetse n’amategeko n’amabwiriza agenga uburyo bwo gusubiza abantu mu buzima busanzwe.   Iki kinyamakuru cyasohorwa na Taylor na Francis Group kandi umwanditsi mukuru ni Dave Müller  ( Suffolk New College ). Cyashinzwe mu 1978, kandi cyagize igipimo cy’ingaruka cya 2.054 mu 2018. Iki kinyamakuru gisohoka inshuro 26 mu mwaka.

## Reba

## Ihuza ryo hanze

* Official website
Colmena

Umushinga **wa Colmena** n'ubushakashatsi bwa siyanse n'ubuhanga rigamije gushushanya no kohereza robot ntoya yigenga kugirango igenzure ku buso bw'ukwezi . Yashinzwe muri kaminuza nkuru yigenga ya Mexico na Laboratoire ya LINX yo mu kirere, mu kigo cy’ubumenyi bwa kirimbuzi cya UNAM.  mbere bya siyansi yo muri Amerika y'Epfo yagenewe gukora ubushakashatsi ku buso bw'ukwezi . 

Imizigo yari igizwe na robo eshanu ntoya, yigenga,  buri imwe ipima munsi ya garama 60 kandi ipima santimetero 12 z'umurambararo, zagenewe gufatirwa hejuru y'ukwezi. [   Mugihe izo robo zizagera ku buso bw'ukwezi , zikorera hamwe nk'agatsiko k'ibyonnyi kugira ngo dusohoze ubutumwa bwa siyansi ari na ho izina ry'umushinga "Colmena" ryaturutse, kuko mu kidage (spanish) risobanura "urwunguko rw'inzuki".

Yashyizwe ahagaragara ku ya 8 Mutarama 2024 mu ndege ya mbere ya roketi ya Vulcan Centaur mu rwego rwo gufatanya kwishyiriraho ubutumwa bwa Astrobotic Peregrine Mission One to the Moon. ​​Ariko kubera ikibazo cy'ikiraga ryifashishwa mu kugenda (propellent) cyabaye kuri lander, ubutumwa bwarahagaritswe, maze iyo lander hamwe na Colmena birashya mu kirere cy'isi hejuru y'inyanja y'amajyepfo ya Pasifika, aho ubutumwa bwa nyuma bwabonetse bwaturutse ku kigo gishinzwe gukurikirana ibibura cya Canberra ku isaha ya 20:59 GMT.​ 

Kopi ya Colmena , hamwe na moderi zindi zikorerwa imizigo, yinjijwe muburyo bwikizamini cyakorewe isuzuma rya Astrobotic Technology's Peregrine lunar lander , mu rwego rwo kwerekana *imurikagurisha mu kirere* mu nzu ndangamurage ya Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum i Washington, DC
Silvert's campany

**Silverts Adaptive Imyenda & Inkweto**, ni ubucuruzi wo muri Amerika no muri Kanada umuruza kandi akanakwirakwiza imyenda n'inkweto zijyanye n'abagabo n'abagore. sosiyete ikora imyenda ihuza imiterere itanga ibisubizo byoroshye byo kwambara kubantu babana nubushobozi buke. Bimwe mu bikoresho bitandukanye bya adaptasiyo ya Silverts birimo imyenda kubakoresha igare **ry' ababana nubumuga**, abarezi bafasha imyenda nko hejuru yinyuma, imyenda yoroshye yo gufunga magnetiki, hamwe ninkweto zimenyera, amasogisi hamwe nigitambambuga cyagenewe gufasha abantu bafite umuvuduko muke mu myambarire yabo ya buri munsi no kwambara.   

## Amateka
Mu mwaka wa 1929, ID Ed Alter yashinze Ububiko bw’ishami rya Jack i Ingersoll, Ontario, muri Kanada .    Nyuma y'urupfu rwa ID Alter, mu mwaka wa 1978, umwuzukuru we, Jeffrey Alter yinjiye muri icyo kigo.  Mu 1980, isosiyete yahinduye izina ayita imyenda ya Silvert ya Seniors maze itangira kuba inzobere mu myambarire imenyereye hamwe na Jeffrey Alter nk'umuyobozi mukuru.  

Silverts yafunguye ibiro byayo, ububiko n’ububiko bw’ibicuruzwa i Concord, Ontario, mugihugu cya Kanada.  Silvert's yari ifite ububiko bwayo bwa mbere bugendanwa kumuhanda mu 1981  naho 1987, hashyirwaho urutonde rwambere rwimyenda ihuzwa n'imiterere.  Silvert yagurishije ibicuruzwa byayo binyuze mubigo nderabuzima byo mu mutwe mbere yo kugurisha abakiriya. 

Silverts yatangiye kwagura ibicuruzwa mu gihugu imyaka ibiri kandi itangira kugurisha ku rwego mpuzamahanga mu 1993.  Mu 1995, Silverts yari ifite abakozi 41 bahoraho ndetse akanagira n'abakozi 15 b'igihe gito. Kuva Silvert imaze gukura mu myaka yashize hamwe na 9.01 kuri 10 ku rutonde rwa ResellerRatings.com ku ya 15 Kamena  

Mumwaka wa 2019, Careismatic Brands yaguze Silverts. Muri Mutarama mu 2024, Ibicuruzwa bya Careismatic byatanze igice cya 11 gihomba . 

Ugushyingo mu 2024, Silverts yaguzwe n'ubuyobozi mugura abakozi. Silverts ubu yabuze muri Kanada, ifitwe kandi ikoreshwa nabakozi bayo.

## Ibicuruzwa
ikigo cya Silverts  kigurisha imyenda itandukanye yo guhuza n'imihindagurikire y'ikirere kuva ku ipantaro yambarwa n'abafite ubumuga, ikabutura, , imyenda, imyenda ya nijoro, imyenda ya siporo, n'inkweto, hiyongereyeho ibikoresho byihariye bikenerwa.   

Silverts ikora ibishushanyo byayo muri Kanada kandi imyenda yayo ikorerwa muri Kanada no mubushinwa. 

Imyenda myinshi ya Silverts yambarwa nabantu bakunda gutanda serivisi zo murugo, imyenda ya Silverts ndetse ninyerera zimwe zagenewe gufata abamesa inganda. 

## Kugurisha no kwamamaza
Silverts igurisha cyane cyane ibicuruzwa byayo kumurongo kandi ikoresheje kataloge isosiyete ikora kabiri mu mwaka.   Urubuga rwa Silverts rwagenewe abakoresha guhaha bakurikije ubumuga bwabo nibikenewe. 

## Amarushanwa yo guhangana
Mu mwaka wa 2016, Silvert yitabiriye amarushanwa ya Business Challenge yatewe inkunga na *The Globe na Mail* na Telus Corp. kandi yari mu bantu 50 ba mbere batsindiye icyubahiro.
Magnatic Shoe Closures

**Magnatic Shoe Closures** nibikoresho bifunga inkweto ukoresheje bits ebyiri za magneti zifatanije ninkweto . Gufunga birashobora gukoreshwa mukweto nyinshi.

## Ibisobanuro
Ibikoresho byo gufunga inkweto za magnetiki bifunga inkweto ukoresheje bits ebyiri za magneti zifatanije ninkweto, kandi aho bits ifata umwanya w ipfundo n'umuheto.  Gufunga birashobora gukoreshwa mukweto nyinshi kuko zidafitanye isano nazo, ariko umuguzi arazihuza ninkweto.

## Kwakira
Isuzuma ryakozwe mu mwaka wa 2016 muri *Denver Post* ryerekanye ko igisubizo cyageragaye mu bikorwa bitandukanye, nubwo wenda bigoye kuyobora abantu bamwe bafite ubumuga. 

## Amashakiro
MagnaReady

**MagnaReady** ni tekinoroji yimyambarire y'Abanyamerika hamwe na e-ubucuruzi ikorera i Raleigh, muri Caroline y'Amajyaruguru . Yibanze ku gukora imyenda imenyereye kubafite ibibazo by'ubumuga. Yashinzwe mu mwaka wa 2013 na Maura Horton, nyuma yuko umugabo we, Don Horton, yagize ikibazo cyo gukanda amashati kubera indwara ya Parkinson . MagnaReady ikoresha tekinoroji ya magnetiki ishati. 

MagnaReady niyo tekinoroji ya mbere yakozwe mubijyanye nimyambarire imenyereye yageze kwisoko rusange, hamwe nikoranabuhanga ryemerewe ibicuruzwa biboneka kubacuruza kumurongo. 

## Amateka
Mu mwaka wa 2009, Don Horton, umutoza w’umupira w'amaguru muri kaminuza ya Leta ya Carolina y'Amajyaruguru, yaharaniye gukanda ishati ye mu cyumba cyo gufungiramo kubera indwara ya Parkinson . Umugore we yashakaga kubishakira igisubizo, uwahoze akora imyenda y'abana, yahisemo kudoda magneti mumashati yumugabo we kugirango byoroshye gukoreshwa.  Muri 2015, hatanzwe ipatanti ku ikoranabuhanga. 

Mu mwaka wa 2016, PVH Corp., producer wa Van Heusen, Tommy Hilfiger, Calvin Klein, na IZOD, yemereye ikoranabuhanga rya MagnaReady mu rwego rwo kugeza amashati ahuza abantu benshi ku isoko binyuze mu maduka no kuri interineti bityo bigafasha abantu bafite babana  **nubumuga** kuba bahaha biboroheye binyuze kuri murandasi. Muri , umurongo uhuriweho n’ishati ya VanHeusen MagnaClick washyizwe ahagaragara kandi ugurishwa ku bagabo barwaye indwara ya Parkinson. 

In September 2017, the MagnaReady technology was licensed in partnership with LF Americas, a division of Li &amp;amp; Fung, to bring the adaptive products to a larger retail audience.

Mu Kwakira mu mwaka wa 2017, ishati ikoresha ikoranabuhanga rya MagnaReady ryerekanwe n’inzu ndangamurage y’ubuhanzi bugezweho ya New York mu *bintu: Imyambarire igezweho?* herekanwa nka verisiyo igezweho yimyenda yumugabo muri Mutarama 2017. 

## Amashakiro
SmartThings

**SmartThings Inc.** ni kompanyi yo muri Amerika ikora ibyerekeye kugenzura no guhanga ingo z'ikoranabuhanga (home automation), ikaba ifite icyicaro gikuru i Mountain View, muri leta ya Californiya . Kuva muri Kanama 2014 ni ishami rya Samsung Electronics . 

Yashinzwe mu mwaka wa 2012, yibanda ku iterambere rya porogaramu zikoresha amazina atazwi hamwe n’ibisobanuro bifitanye isano na porogaramu zabakiriya hamwe n’ibicu bigenewe amazu meza hamwe na interineti y’abaguzi. SmartThings ivuga ko urubuga rwayo rufite miliyoni 62 zikoresha abakoresha, umubare uvuga ko wiyongereyeho 70% kugeza muri 2019 na 2020. 

## Amateka
SmartThings yatekerejwe n’umushinga washinze kandi wahoze ari umuyobozi mukuru, Alex Hawkinson mu itumba ry’umwaka wa 2011. Hawkinson avuga ko inzu y’imisozi y’umuryango we idatuwe muri Colorado yangijwe cyane n’imiyoboro y’amazi yabanje gukonja hanyuma igaturika bikaviramo kwangirika kw’amadolari 80.000.      Hawkinson yavuze ko yashoboraga gukumira ibyangiritse aramutse amenye ibibera mu nzu.  Kuva mu mwaka wa 2011 na 2012, Hawkinson hamwe n’abafatanyabikorwa be ba SmartThings bakoze kugira ngo bakore prototype y’ibisubizo bifuza gukemura ibibazo nkibi. [   Icyo cyitegererezo cy'imbere cyaje kuba ishingiro ry'ubukangurambaga bwabereye kuri Kickstarter bwatangijwe muri Nzeri 2012 bukaza gukusanya miliyoni1.2 z'amdolari y'Amerika, biza kuba umushinga wa kabiri munini watewe inkunga n'abantu benshi (crowdfunding) ugamije guteza imbere ingo z'ikoranabuhanga kugeza ubu.  

Gukusanya miliyoni 3 z'amadolari y'inkunga y'itangira y'umushiga mu ukuboza 2012   SmartThings yaje gushyira ku isoko ibicuruzwa byayo mu buryo bwa k'ubucuruzi mu kwezi kwa kanama 2013, mbere yo gukusanya miliyoni 12.5 z'inyongera mu cyiciro cy'ishoramari cya Series A mu mpera za 2013.    

Muri Kanama 2014, Samsung Electronics yatangaje ko imaze kumvikana yo kugura SmartThings.   Amasezerano y’imari y’amasezerano ntabwo yigeze atangazwa ku mugaragaro ariko yagereranijwe agera kuri miliyoni 200 z’amadolari y’ibitabo by’ubucuruzi icyo gihe. 

## Ibicuruzwa na serivisi
Ku ikubitiro SmartThings yabyaye suite yibikoresho byabigenewe na serivisi za software, harimo inzu yo mu rugo ifite ubwenge hamwe na sensor. Muri Kamena 2020, umuyobozi ushinzwe ubwubatsi bwa SmartThings, Mark Benson, yatangaje ko SmartThings izitandukanya no gukora ibyuma byayo ahubwo ikibanda kuri software. Isosiyete irizera kwinjiza andi masosiyete gukora no gukwirakwiza ibyuma bya SmartThings. Mu , SmartThings yatangaje ko Aeotec izafata umurongo w’ibikoresho by’i Burayi.  Mu Kuboza 2020, Aeotec yatangaje ko izanacunga ibikoresho bya SmartThings portfolio muri Ositaraliya, Kanada, Ubwongereza, na Amerika. 

Kuva muri Gashyantare 2021, SmartThings itegura porogaramu na serivisi zicu.
Zygoma Implant

**Zygoma Implants** (cyangwa **gushiramo zygomatike** ) bitandukanye no gutera amenyo asanzwe kubera ko yomeka kumagufwa ya zygomatike aho kuba maxilla   . Bishobora gukoreshwa mugihe ubunini bw' amagupfa cyangwa ubwinshi bidahagije mugushira amenyo asanzwe.  Umubare w'amagufwa adahagije ushobora guterwa no gufata amagufwa kimwe no guhumeka kwa sinus ya maxillary cyangwa guhuza byombi.  Uburebure bwamagufwa ntoya kugirango hashyirwemo igice cyimbere cyurwasaya rwo hejuru bigomba kuba nka 10mm kugirango yemeze kubaho kwimikwa.  Iyo hari amagufwa adahagije aboneka, uburyo bwo guhuza amagufwa hamwe nuburyo bwo kuzamura sinus bushobora gukorwa kugirango ubwinshi bwamagufwa. Uburyo bwo gutera amagufwa mu rwasaya bufite ingaruka mbi zo kuvura igihe kirekire, kubuza kwambara amenyo, uburwayi bw’ahantu ho kubaga abaterankunga no kwangwa . 

Gutera Zygoma byatangijwe bwa mbere mu mpera za 90 na Dr. Per Ingvar Brånemark, uzwi cyane nka Se wa Implantology Dental Implantology. Gutera Zygomatike byakoreshejwe mu kuvura amenyo ku barwayi bafite amagufwa adahagije mu rwasaya rwo hejuru, bitewe, urugero, gusaza, kuvura ibibyimba, ihahamuka, cyangwa atrophy. Gutera Zygoma bifata anchorage kumagufwa ya zygoma / zygomatic (igufwa ryumusaya). Amagufwa ya zygomatike ni menshi mu bwiza kandi ni cortical muri kamere kuruta amagufwa yinyuma.  Kubera inanga ikomeye ishobora kugerwaho mumagufa yuzuye yo mukarere ka zygomatike, hamwe no gukwirakwiza imihangayiko yagerwaho kuri ibyo byatewe,  prothèse irashobora guhita ishyirwa mugihe cyo kubagwa.   Gutera zygoma biraboneka muburebure buri hagati ya 30 na 52.5mm. Umutwe watewe na zygoma wakozwe kugirango yemere prothèse kumugereka wa dogere 45 kuri dogere ndende yatewe.  Gutera Zygomatic ishobora gukoreshwa kubarwayi badafite amenyo mu rwasaya rwo hejuru, abarwayi bavunitse cyane amenyo cyangwa amenyo yimukanwa cyane kubera indwara nka parontontite yibasiye . Intsinzi yo gutera  mubitabo kwisi yose ni 97-98%.  Ingorane zijyanye no gushyirwaho ni sinusite, paresthesia mukarere ka musaya na fistula ya oroantral .   

Mubusanzwe, hariho uburyo bubiri bwo kubaga uburyo bwo gutera zygomatic. Imwe muriyo ni tekiniki ya kera yasobanuwe neza na Brånemark mu mwaka wa 1998,    Sinusal, naho iyindi yo mu mwaka wa 2003, Tekinike Yongeyeho na Reginaldo Migliorança, yasobanuwe bwa mbere mu gitabo cyanditswe muri Mutarama mu mwaka wa 2003. 

## Amashakiro
GlobalVision

**GlobalVision ni kompayi itanga porogaramu zikorera kuri interineti (** SaaS) yihariye mu byerekeye gupakira no gushyiraho labels. 

## Amateka
GlobalVision Inc. (GlobalVision) yashinzwe na Reuben Malz mu 1990. ifite icyicaro i Montreal, muri Kanada, kandi ifite ibiro by'akarere mu Bwongereza no mu Budage. 

Muri 2013, Pfizer yagiranye amasezerano na GlobalVision yo kugenzura ubuziranenge bwo gupakira. 

GlobalVision yashyizeho urubuga rwayo rwa mbere rushingiye ku kugenzura ubuziranenge mu   Ibi byakurikiwe no gushyira ku isoko verisiyo igezweho y'iyo platform yitwa Proofware mu 2014.

Muri 2017, GlobalVision yasohoye urubuga rwo kugenzura ubuziranenge bwa desktop. 

Muri 2018, GlobalVision yafatanije na Pantone na X-Rite gutangiza gahunda ya mbere yo kugenzura amabara ya digitale ku isi yo gucapa no gupakira.
Digital Command Center

**Digital Command Centre** yari igikoresho kinini cyo kugenzura kure (remote control) cyashyiriweho televisiyo zihenze za RCA; mu 1983 kuri Colortrak 2000 hamwe na SJT400 CED umukinnyi  naho 1984 muri TV ya Dimensia Lyceum . Ikintu cy'ingenzi cyaranze Digital Command Centre ni uko byari rusange mubice byinshi bya RCA, harimo VCR, abakinyi ba CED, tuneri, amplifier, CD ikinisha, nibindi, hejuru yo kugenzura monite ubwayo. Digital Command Centre yatwaye bateri enye za AA kububasha, kubera ubwinshi bwayo kandi mbere yigihe cyayo.

Ikigo cya mbere cya Digital Command Centre cyasohotse mu 1984 hamwe na sisitemu ya Dimensia, CRK35A, yari ifite buto 52, ifite ububiko bw'ibikoresho, kandi ipima hafi ikiro kimwe na batiri. 

Mu 1985, RCA yasohoye sisitemu ya Digital Command Component Sisitemu, sisitemu yose y amajwi yahujwe nibikoresho byose byamajwi ya Dimensia, nayo yakoresheje Digital Command Centre kure. Igitekerezo cy'iyi sisitemu kwari ukugira ubushobozi bwuzuye bw'ijwi rwa Dimensia utagombye gukoresha monitor ya Dimensia. 

## Sisitemu ya Dimensia
In Dimensia television systems, the remote was called *Dimensia Intelligent Audio Video* or *Dimensia Digital Control* because all of the components were integrated so that the remote could activate the entire system with the touch of one button by communicating with the built-in computer found in the Dimensia monitor via the black control jack found on all Dimensia components. This remote had 8 device keys on it; TV, VCR, VID2 (DISC), AUX, AM/FM, PHON, TAPE, and CD. Since the CED Player intended to be released with the Dimensia system in 1984 was cancelled, the VID2 button and the ability to control the CED Players was absent from later remotes. 

Video ya Audio Intelligent Audio Dimensia yasimbujwe icyuma kimeze nk'umugozi (CRK45A) mu 1987  .
Vertebral Fixation

**vertebral Fixation** (izwi nka "fixeur spinal") nuburyo bwo kubaga amagufwa aho vertebrae ebyiri cyangwa nyinshi zomekeranye hagati yazo " **igikoresho cyo gukosora vertebral** ", hagamijwe kugabanya umuvuduko wurugingo bityo ukirinda kwangirika kwumugongo cyangwa imizi yumugongo .

## Ibyerekana
Uburyo bwo gukosora urutirigongo bushobora kwerekanwa mugihe umuntu yavunitse urutirigongo, ubumuga bwurugingo, cyangwa indwara ya vertebral (nka spondylolisthesis ).

## Ibikoresho byo gukosora vertebral
Igikoresho gikoreshwa kugirango ugere kuri vertebral ikosorwe mubisanzwe ni prothèse ihoraho cyangwa igice cya kabiri gikomeye gikozwe muri titanium ; ingero zirimo inkoni, amasahani, imigozi, hamwe nuburyo butandukanye. Ubusanzwe ubundi buryo busanzwe ni ugukoresha ibikoresho bisubirwamo, bigizwe na bio-resorbable material.

Andi makuru yerekeye iki gikoresho cyihariye cyo gukosora urutoki ushobora kubisanga muri Reta zunzubumwe za Amerika ku ya 13 Ugushyingo mu mwaka wa 2007 hashyizwe ahagaragara patenti nshya. Ubu ipatanti irashobora (23 Nzeri 2008) kuyisanga kurubuga rwa Amerika . 

## Amashakiro
Amebis

**[https://www.amebis.si/ Amebis]** wo muri Kamnik ni isosiyete yo muri Siloveniya mu bijyanye n'ikoranabuhanga ry'indimi . Isosiyete   [   ] [  [ ​​ ​ Isosiyete ikora kandi ikanahindura inkoranyamagambo  yo muri Siloveniya yitwa Termania, ikubiyemo inkoranyamagambo zirenga 135. Inkoranyamagambo ikoreshwa cyane kuri Termania ni inkoranyamagambo y'ubuvuzi ya Siloveniya . Ku bufatanye na sosiyete Alpineon n'Ikigo cya Jožef Stefan Institute bakoze synthesizer yo kuvuga hamwe n'umusomyi wa ecran *[https://ebralec.si/ Govorec]* (Speaker). Batanze kandi inkunga ya tekiniki kumasomo manini ya Slovene, yitwa FidaPLUS, Fran na Franček.    

Amebis yanashyizeho kandi sisitemu yo guhindura imvugo mu buryo bwi'ikoranabuhanga yitwa Amebis Presis, ikaba yongeyemo ururimi rw'I Sloveniya. 

Ku ya 11 Ukwakira 2023 Amebis yahawe igihembo cya Padiri Stanislav Škrabec Foundation kubera ibikorwa bidasanzwe yagezeho mu bijyanye n'indimi za Slovene.

## Reba kandi

* Babelnet
* vidby
* Byimbitse

## AMASHAKIRO
European Home Systems Protocol

**European Home Systems(EHS) Protocol** yari uburyo  gutumanaho (communication protocol) bugamije kugenzura no guhuza  ibikoresho byo mu rugo hifashishijwe umurongo w'amashanyarazi (power line communication), byatejwe imbere , ryakozwe n'ishyirahamwe ry’ibihugu by’i Burayi (EHSA).

Nyuma yo guhuza hamwe na protocole ebyiri, ni igice cyurwego rwa KNX, rwubahiriza komite y’ibihugu by’i Burayi ishinzwe ubuziranenge bwa Electrotechnical Standard (CENELEC) EN 50090 kandi ifite amahirwe yo kuba ishingiro ryambere ryugururiwe urugo no kugenzura inyubako.

## Reba kandi

* Kubaka ubwikorezi
* Gukoresha urugo
IEC 61030

**D²B** (Domestic Digital Bus, IEC 61030) Ni standard ya IEC igenewe uburyo bwo gutumanaho bwa serial butari bwihuse (low-speed) kandi bushobora kugenzurwa n'abatandukanye (multi-master), ikoreshwa mu bikorwa byo guteza imbere ingo z'ikoranabuhanga (home automation)**.​**​​​​ Yatunganijwe bwa mbere na Philips mu myaka ya za 1980. Muri 2006 yakuweho na IEC kubera ko hashyizweho urundi rwego, JTC1 SC 83 / WG1. Haracyariho ibikoresho byinshi byujuje ibyangombwa bya IEC61030, nk'ibice bimwe na bimwe byanditseho umutwe wa Philips hamwe nabahindura CD kuva kuri stereyo y'imodoka. 

Umuhuza wa SCART atanga D²B ihuza itumanaho hagati yibikoresho.

## Reba kandi

* I²C
* ISO / IEC JTC 1
Instabus

**Instabus**, ni sisitemu yigenga kandi ifunguye ikoreeshwa mu gucunga no kugenzura ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi biri mu nyubako. Yakozwe na Berker, Gira, Jung, Merten na Siemens AG . Hano hari ibigo bigera kuri 200 byibikoresho byamashanyarazi ukoresheje protocole yitumanaho. **The Europen Installation Bus** (EIB) yemerera ibice byose by'amashanyarazi guhuzwa binyuze muri bisi y'amashanyarazi . Buri kintu cyose gishobora kohereza amategeko kubindi bice, aho biri hose. Umuyoboro usanzwe wa EIB ugizwe nibice byamashanyarazi nka switch, pulsers, moteri yamashanyarazi, amashanyarazi, amashanyarazi, hamwe na sensor .

Iyi bisi y'amashanyarazi ikozwe mu mashanyarazi ya 2x2x0,8mm, ihuza ibikoresho byose murusobe. Umubare ntarengwa wibintu ni 57375.

Sisitemu ya EIByatejwe imbere hagamijwe kongera kuzigama ingufu z'amashanyarazi, umutekano, ihumure n'ubwisanzure mu mikorere. 

## Kugenzura sisitemu
Nubwo EIB ari sisitemu yegerejwe abaturage kandi idakenera icyerekezo icyo aricyo cyose cyamashanyarazi cyangwa igenzura, birashoboka gushyira mubikorwa sisitemu yo kugenzura PC kugirango igenzure imiterere yimiterere no kohereza amabwiriza yintoki cyangwa yabanje gutegurwa kuri kimwe cyangwa byinshi bigize umuyoboro.

## Guhuza nibindi bipimo
Konnex KNX (standard) yatejwe imbere bitewe no guhuza EIB, BCi na EHSA.
Intelligent Home Control

**Intelligent House Concepts** ni sisitemu yo guteza imbere inyubako z'ikoranabuhanga (building automation system) ikoresha imiterere y'itumanaho rya "star topology" aho umugozi uba uhuza buri gikoresho cyose ku kigo nyamukuru. Ubusanzwe yakozwe na LK, ariko ubu ifitwe na Schneider Electric ikagurishwa nka "IHC Intelligent House Concept".

Sisitemu igizwe n'ubugenzuzi bukuru hamwe kugeza 8 byinjira hamwe na 16 bisohoka. Buri cyiciro cyinjiza gishobora kugira ibyinjijwe 16 (gucana / kuzimya) hamwe nibisohoka module 8 ya digitale (gucuna/ kuzimya), bivamo byose hamwe 128 hamwe n'ibisohoka 128 ku mugenzuzi.

## Module igenzura protocole

Umugenzuzi mukuru (central controller) uba ufite umugozi umwe w'itumanaho rya point-to-point uhuza buri gice (module) cy'iyo sisitemu. Porotokole hagati y'ubugenzuzi bukuru hamwe na module ikoresha 5V ubugari bwa pulse ya kodegisi kuburyo bukurikira:

* Umutwe ni 4100&nbsp;μs hejuru na 300&nbsp;μs hasi
* Impanuka imwe kuri port ya I / O, ni ukuvuga 16 pulses yo kwinjiza module na 8 pulses yo gusohora module
* Inyongera imwe ya parite pulse; ndetse numubare wimisemburo ni 0 uburinganire numubare udasanzwe pulses ni 1 parite
* Ubugari bwa pulse ni 600&nbsp;μs
* A 0 (ibyinjijwe cyangwa bisohoka hanze, cyangwa nuburinganire) byashyizweho nka 300&nbsp;μs hejuru na 300&nbsp;μs hasi
* A 1 (ibyinjijwe cyangwa ibisohoka kuri, cyangwa uburinganire budasanzwe) byashyizweho nka 150&nbsp;μs hejuru na 450&nbsp;μs hasi

Ikimenyetso cyavuzwe haruguru gihora gisubiramo.
Wake-on-ring

**Wake-on-ring** ( **WOR**) cyangwa **Wake-on-Modem** ( **WOM** ) ni ibisobanuro byemerera mudasobwa n'ibindi bikoresho bishyigikiwe *guhaguruka* cyangwa kwatsa bikiri ku buryo bwo gusinzira, kuryama burundu by'agateganyo (hibernating) cyangwa *kuba byahagaritswe buhoro (soft off)* (urugero: ACPI state G1 cyangwa G2), hanyuma igatangira gukora.

Icyibanze shingiro nuko ikimenyetso kidasanzwe cyoherezwa kumurongo wa terefone kuri mudasobwa binyuze muri modem yayo yo guhamagara, ikabwira imbaraga zose hanyuma ugatangira gukora. Ibikoreshwa bisanzwe byari ububiko bwububiko na BBSes, nubwo gukoresha hobbyist byari bifite akamaro.

Imashini za Fax zikoresha sisitemu isa, aho usanga ziba zihagaritse ibikorwa cyane kugeza zibonye ikimenyetso cya fax kiri kuza, kikaba aricyo gituma zitangira gukora.

Ubu buryo bwo gukora bwa kure bwatanzwe ahanini na Wake-on-LAN, ni shyashya ariko ikora muburyo bumwe.
The Clapper

**The Clapper** ni amajwi akoreshwa n'amashanyarazi akoreshwa igihe yumvise urusaku, ikaba yaragurishijwe bwa mbere i San Francisco mu 1984, muri Californiya ikorera muri Joseph Enterprises, Inc. Joseph Pedott yagurishije clapper agira ati : 

Clapper icomeka mu mashanyarazi yo muri Amerika yo mu mashanyarazi, kandi yemerera kugenzura ibikoresho bigera kuri bibiri byacometse muri Clapper.  Moderi yazamuye, izwi nka **Clapper Plus**, ikubiyemo imikorere ya kure yo kugenzura hiyongereyeho amajwi ya mbere ashingiye kubikorwa. 

Nubwo yagenewe gukorana n'urusaku rwo gukubita amashyi (clap), The Clapper ishobora gutangira gukora bitunguranye n'andi majwi, nko gucira kw'imbwa, k'urugero.  

## Patent
Umunyabwenge Clapper yahimbwe na Carlile R. Stevens na Dale E. Reamer, atanga Patent yo muri Amerika # 5493618, isaba ryatanzwe kuwa 1993-05-07 kandi ryatanzwe ku ya 20 Gashyantare 1996.
IP500 Alliance

**The IP500 Alliance**, rifite icyicaro i Berlin mu Budage, ni umuryango mpuzamahanga w’abakora ibicuruzwa na sisitemu bigenewe guteza imbere  inyubako z'ikoranbuhanga (building automation) no guhuza sisitemu zitandukanye  (system integration). Abanyamuryango barimo Bosch, Honeywell, Siemens, Omron na Toyota Tsusho .  Intego y'ubumwe bwa IP500 no gusobanura no guteza imbere imiyoboro idafite insinga, itagira aho ibogamiye kandi itekanye amakuru yoherejwe IP500 itumanaho ryinyubako nini.

Ihuriro ryashinzwe mu 2007 i Berlin. Kuva mu 2011 Ihuriro IP500 ryabaye umuryango udaharanira inyungu.

## AMASHAKIRO
Self-cleaning oven

Aself-cleaning cyangwa **pyrolytic** oven ni itanura ikoresha ubushyuhe bwo hejuru kugira ngo (hafi  ) ngo itwike ibisigazwa by'ibyokeje hakoreshejwe uburyo bwa pyrolysis, butagombera imiti isukura. Iyo ifuru ishobora gukoresha amashanyarazi yo mu rugo cyangwa gaz.

## Inzira ya Pyrolytike
Amashyiga ya pirolitike yo kwisukura agabanya ibiryo byanduye ivu hamwe n'ubushyuhe bugera kuri  . Inkuta z'itanura zometseho ubushyuhe- na aside irwanya feri.

A self-cleaning oven yakozwe kugirango igume ifunze kugeza igihe ubushyuhe bwo hejuru burangiye. Kugira ngo hirindwe ibikomere bishobora gutwikwa, hifashishijwe imashini ikoreshwa kugirango urugi rwa feri rufunge kandi rufunge mugihe na nyuma yigihe cyogusukura ubushyuhe bwinshi, bumara amasaha agera kuri atatu. Mubisanzwe, umuryango urashobora gukingurwa nyuma yubushyuhe bukonje bugera kuri  . 

Self-cleaning ovens ubusanzwe afite insulation nyinshi kuruta amashyiga asanzwe kugirango agabanye umuriro . Kwikingira bigabanya kandi ingufu zikenewe mu guteka bisanzwe. 

Self-cleaning ovens afatwa nkayoroshye kandi atwara igihe, bityo rero akoresha amafaranga menshi. Nyamara, kubera ubushyuhe bwinshi, bitanga umwotsi kandi bisaba ingufu nyinshi. Ubusanzwe umunota wiminota 150 uzakenera amashanyarazi arenze 3 kWh.  Nk’uko abahanga benshi babivuga, gukurura impuruza y’umwotsi birashobora kwirindwa no gukoresha buri gihe gahunda yo kwisukura. 

## Ubundi buryo bw'ikoranabuhanga

### catalytic cleaning
Amashyiga ya catalitiki "ikomeza isukuye" yishingikiriza kumyuma yo mu cyuma kinini kugirango itume igabanuka ryamavuta ivu mubushyuhe busanzwe bwo guteka. Urukuta rw'itanura rya catalitiki yo kwisukura rwometseho ibikoresho bikora nka catisale ya okiside, mubisanzwe muburyo bwa catalizike muri materique ihuza. Cerium (IV) oxyde nimwe mubikoresho bisanzwe bikoreshwa. Ibindi bishoboka ni umuringa, vanadium, bismuth, molybdenum, manganese, fer, nikel, amabati, niobium, chromium, tungsten, rhenium, platine, cobalt, na oxyde zabo, zonyine cyangwa zivanze. Ipitingi ikora cyane mubusanzwe irimo oxyde y'umuringa, oxyde ya manganese cyangwa cobalt oxyde, na oxyde y'umuringa na manganese ikoreshwa hamwe. Binder irashobora kuba fluoropolymer cyangwa frit enamel .  Mu myaka ya za 90, SRI International yakoze ubushakashatsi kuri Whirlpool Corporation, ihindura imiterere nogukoresha hejuru ya farumasi enamel iboneka mu ziko ihinduka imwe irimo ionic nkeya, na firime ikora ibinure mumazi ashonga. 

### Isuku
Ubundi buryo bwo kwifashisha amashyiga ni amashyiga yoza . Ikoresha amazi nubushyuhe bwo hasi kugirango isukure ifuru. &#x5B; ** &#x5D;

## AMASHAKIRO
Self-making bed

**A self-making bed** (kizwi kandi nk'igitanda **cy'ubwenge** ) yagenewe guhita isubiranya imyenda yo ku buriri ku buryo uburiri bwitegura gukoreshwa ku buryo bwikora. 

## Amateka
Mu mwaka wa 2008, uwahimbye Enrico Berruti yerekanye uburiri bwe bwo kwikorera, bwiswe "Kwikunda", mu imurikagurisha mpuzamahanga ry’ivumburwa ryabereye i Geneve mu Busuwisi. Uburiri bwikora mu kurambura no koroshya amabati hejuru ya matelas ukoresheje gari ya moshi ihuza amabati yigitanda iruhande yigitanda. 

Muri 2017, isosiyete Smartduvet yasohoye umwenda wo gukora uburiri binyuze mu rusobe rw'ibyumba byo mu kirere. Iki nigice gihumeka gikozwe mubintu byoroheje. Iyo ikora irazamura urupapuro rw'ikirere rw'urupapuro, igashyira umwenda n'impapuro zisubira mu mwanya. Ukoresheje porogaramu, uyikoresha ashobora gushiraho igihe gitandukanye cyo gukora uburiri kuri buri munsi w'icyumweru. Ntabwo isimbuza uburiri buriho kandi ntabwo ihoraho kuburyo ishobora gukoreshwa hamwe n'igitambaro kiriho.  

## AMASHAKIRO
Tado °

**tado °** **GmbH** ni kompanyi y’ikoranabuhanga yo mu Budage ifite icyicaro i Munich (mu Budage) kandi ikora ibikoresho byo kugenzura ubushyuhe bwo mu rugo (thermostasts) n'ibyo gukontorora imashini z'ubukonje (air conditioning controls).

## Amateka
tado ° yashinzwe na Christian Deilmann, Johannes Swchwarz na Valentin Sawadski  i Munich muri Nzeri 2011Izina rya kompanyi Tado rikomoka ku magambo y'icyiyapani "tadiama" (bisobanura ngo "nagarutse mu rugo") na "okaeri" (bisobanura ngo "urakaza neza") kuko geofencing ari yo yari imikorere ya mbere y'ingenzi muri sisitemu ya Tado mu mwaka wa 2011.  Igicuruzwa cya mbere cya kompanyi, Tado Heating, cyatangijwe mu Ugushyingo 2012 mu Budage, Austria, na Suisse, hanyuma mu 2013 mu Bwongereza ( United kingdom). 

Muri Nyakanga 2014, tado ° yafunze miliyoni 10 zama euro ($ 13.6m) y’amafaranga yatanzwe n’abandi, Target Partners na Shortcut Ventures. 

Igicuruzwa cya kabiri cy’isosiyete, tado ° Smart AC Control, mu gukonjesha ubwenge, cyashyizwe ahagaragara mu Burayi no muri Amerika muri Kamena 2015.Ibirori byo kumurika byabereye mu mujyi wa New York. 

## Ibicuruzwa
Usibye kugabanya gukoresha ingufu no kongera ubwizigame, thermostat ireba abaturage neza.  tado ° itahura abadahari cyangwa bahari bakoresheje terefone zabo, hanyuma igahindura ubushyuhe bwikora. Iteganyagihe hamwe nubushuhe bwurugo nka insulation byitabwaho. 

Imwe mu mbogamizi kuri tado ° ni ahantu hashyushye h’uburayi no guhuza no gushyigikira imiyoboro yabyo. Kugeza 2014, sisitemu zirenga 5.000 zitandukanye zirashobora kugenzurwa na tado ° Ubushyuhe.   

Muri kamena 2015, tado ° yashyize ahagaragara ibicuruzwa byayo bya kabiri, Smart AC Igenzura. Ntabwo ari ubushuhe. Ihindura ikintu icyo aricyo cyose cyo guhumeka mu bikoresho byubwenge.  tado ° Igenzura rya Smart AC ikoresha aho terefone igeze kugirango ibashe kumenya niba umuturage ari murugo kandi ahita azimya AC cyangwa azimya. Ikonjesha irashobora kandi gukoreshwa n'intoki hakoreshejwe Smart AC Igenzura ukoresheje porogaramu ya tado °. 

Muri Kanama 2017, tado ° yatangaje ko ihuriweho na Google Assistant, yemerera abakiriya bombi bafite sisitemu ya tado ° ndetse n’igikoresho cya Google Assistant kugenzura sisitemu ya Tado binyuze mu majwi.  K'urugero, amategeko yijwi aboneka ni "Ubushuhe burihe mubyumba?" cyangwa "Gabanya ubushyuhe bwo mu cyumba cya 2 ° C".
Stardraw

Yashinzwe mu 1993 na ex- umuyobozi ushinzwe iterambere rya Microsoft, David Snipp  **Stardraw** ni kompanyi ikora porogaramu zihuza kandi zigashushanya sisitemu za amajwi/amashusho (A/V system intergration and design software). 

## Porogaramu
Stardraw ifite ibice bibiri bitandukanye ariko bifitanye isano na software haba ku masoko ya Audio-visual (A / V)

### Igishushanyo cya mudasobwa
Igishushanyo mbonera cya Stardraw n'ugukora inyandiko za sisitemu y'amajwi / amashusho. Ibi birimo ibishushanyo bya A / V (bisa nigishushanyo cya mudasobwa ya mudasobwa ), Imiterere ya Rack, Igishushanyo cyerekana (Igishushanyo mbonera), Igishushanyo mbonera cyerekana ibyuma byabugenewe, Igishushanyo mbonera cyerekana, hamwe na raporo zijyanye na byo nka Bills y'ibikoresho, Quotations na Cable Gahunda.

Iyi Porogaramu ikubiyemo ibimenyetso by'ibikoresho byateguwe mbere (present equipment icons) kugira ngo bihute mu gukora igishushanyo cya sisitemu ya A/V.  

Porogaramu zabo z'ubu bwoko zirimo

* Stardraw Audio 2007 (Yahagaritswe)
* Stardraw A / V 2007 (Yahagaritswe)
* Stardraw A / V Lite 2007 (Yahagaritswe)
* Amatara ya Stardraw 2D 2007 (Yahagaritswe)
* Igishushanyo cya Stardraw 7 - Yasohotse muri Kamena 2011

### Kugenzura software
**Igenzura rya Stardraw** nigikorwa cyiterambere ryibikorwa byo gukora Touchscreen ya kure igenzura ibikoresho bitandukanye.

Imikoreshereze isanzwe ikubiyemo ibyumba byikora mubyumba byinama, inzu yimyidagaduro, inzu ndangamurage cyangwa inzu yimikino yo murugo, aho abayikoresha bakoresha ibyuma bifata ibyuma bifata ibyuma byerekana ibyuma byerekana amashusho nka porogaramu zerekana amashusho na disikuru, PC, DVD na VCR bakina ibyuma bifata amajwi, kamera, sisitemu ya terefone, ibyuma bifata amajwi / amashusho hamwe nibikoresho bitunganyirizwa, ibyuma byerekana moteri, drape, amatara, na sisitemu zitandukanye . Ibindi bikoreshwa bisanzwe birimo sisitemu yimyidagaduro, ibigo bishinzwe inganda no kugenzura, sisitemu z'umutekano, amahoteri na resitora.

Ikitandukanya software zabo nabahanganye na AMX na Crestron nuko idakenera ibyuma bidasanzwe ahubwo ikorera kumashini iyo ari yo yose ikoresha Microsoft Windows, ikindi kandi abashoferi ninyandiko zayo byanditswe mu rurimi rusange rwa programme C # aho kuba ururimi rwihariye kandi rwashizweho mu bishushanyo mbonera bisa n'ibikoreshwa n'ururimi rwa porogaramu za Microsoft.

Porogaramu irerekana kandi interineti ya interineti ituma ibikoresho bitari Windows bigenzura porogaramu urugero nka mudasobwa ya Tablet nka iPad ya Apple
Sentroller

**A sentroller**, akoreshwa kuri enterineti y'ibintu ni sensor, umugenzuzi cyangwa actuator cyangwa guhuza ibi bitatu.

## Abagenzuzi mubintu bya enterineti
Interineti iriho ubu ni interineti y'abantu, ishingiye ku bantu bavugana n'abantu, bakoresheje terefone zigendanwa, tableti, mu dasobwa zigendanwa na mudasobwa, ariko ibi birahinduka:  ibikoresho n'ibikoresho bihujwe na interineti (urugero: agasanduku gashyizwe hejuru, kamera, imodoka ) biratangira guhindura umubare w'icyerekezo uva ku bantu ugana ku bintu. kure y'abantu.  Ubuhanuzi bugera ku kintu cya 100 kugeza kuri 1 cyangwa birenga, bityo interineti yabantu izahinduka kuri enterineti. Kubwibyo, interineti yibintu izahuza kandi ivugane nizindi "bintu", aho guhura nabantu.

Byinshi mu bintu bishya bihujwe na enterineti bizaba byoherejwe, bivuze ko ari ibikorwa, sensor, kugenzura, cyangwa guhuza ibi bintu bitatu. Urugero rumwe rworoshye ni urugo rwa thermostat . Thermostat ni umugenzuzi kuko yumva ubushyuhe murugo, akareba niba urugo cyangwa icyumba thermostat ikurikirana ubushyuhe buri ku bushyuhe bwifuzwa, kandi niba atari byo, ifungura umushyushya cyangwa icyuma gikonjesha . Kubwibyo, thermostat ni sensor na mugenzuzi - umugenzuzi. Nta mikoranire y'abantu na thermostat cyangwa igicu bizakenerwa kugirango thermostat igumane ubushyuhe murugo kurwego rukwiye.

Mubimenyerezo, abashinzwe umutekano bakurura kandi / cyangwa batanga amakuru make cyane, ariko guhuza na enterineti ni ngombwa kubikorwa byabo. Internet y'ibintu izakira porogaramu zizi gusobanura amakuru yatanzwe n'abashinzwe umutekano n'igikorwa cyafatwa. Ubwenge bw'urugo rwubwenge, ingufu zubwenge, inyubako zubwenge, n'ibindi mu byukuri biba mubicu. &#x5B; *&#x20;&#x2013; kuganira* &#x5D;  Abashinzwe kohereza ni impera zanyuma zizaba umubare munini wubwoko bwa interineti yibintu.
Smart plug

**A smart plug ni plug** n'akabati k'amashanyarazi(bizwi kandi nka wall plug,outlet, cyangwa electrical connector) gashobora gushyirwa hagati y'imigozi y'amashanyarazi n'akabati k'amashanyarazi kugirango gakoreshwe nk'icyuma cyo guhindura amshanyarazi kigenzurwa n'aho ari kure (remote-controlled power switch). Nkibyo, amacomeka yubwenge arashobora gukoreshwa mugukora ibikoresho byamashanyarazi "ibiragi" ubwenge, bityo bigafasha ibikoresho nkibi byo gutangiza urugo cyangwa kubaka intego zo gutangiza .  

Smart plugs ashobora, kurugero, kugenzurwa hifashishijwe porogaramu igendanwa, urugo rwubwenge cyangwa umufasha wukuri . [  ​​​ Amacomeka menshi y'ubwenge afite ammeter yubatswe kugirango ikoreshwa ry'ingufu z'amashanyarazi (zapimwe mu masaha ya kilowatt ) y'ibikoresho bihujwe bishobora gukurikiranwa.  Smart plug akenshi afite umwirondoro woroshye kugirango utabangamira kugera ku masoko aturanye mumasoko y'urukuta cyangwa amashanyarazi .

Smart plugs atanga ibyiza byinshi byongera ingufu z'ingirakamaro kandi byoroshye. Bemerera abakoresha kugenzura ibikoresho kure binyuze muri terefone zigendanwa cyangwa abafasha buhanga, bishobora kuba ingirakamaro cyane mu kuzimya ibikoresho bitanga ingufu nyinshi nka hoteri y’amazi, ibyuma bifata ibyuma bikonjesha, cyangwa amatara iyo uri kure yurugo. Amacomeka menshi yubwenge nayo ashyigikira gahunda na automatike gahunda  - kurugero, gufungura geyser iminota 30 mbere yuko umuntu agera murugo cyangwa guhita azimya nyuma yigihe cyagenwe kugirango abungabunge ingufu. Usibye kuzigama ingufu, ibyuma bimwe byubwenge bigira uruhare mu mutekano mu kugabanya ibyago by'umuriro w'amashanyarazi kubikoresho bititabiriwe.

## AMASHAKIRO
Smart doorbell

A smart doorbell ni idirishya  ry'inzugi rikora ku  muryango wa internet rikamenya nyir'urugo ku gikoresho cye (terefone cyangwa ikindi gikoresho) igihe umushyitsi ageze kumuryango. Irakora iyo umushyitsi akanze buto yumuryango wumuryango, cyangwa ubundi buryo, iyo inzogera yumuryango yunvise umushyitsi hamwe na sensor yimikorere . Inzogera yubwenge ireka nyiri urugo akoresha porogaramu ya terefone kugirango arebe kandi avugane numushyitsi akoresheje inzogera yumuryango yubatswe na kamera ya infragreire na mikoro. Birashobora kuba bateri ikoreshwa cyangwa insinga.  Inzogera zimwe z'ubwenge nazo zemerera umukoresha gukingura urugi kure akoresheje gufunga ubwenge . 

## Amateka

Imwe mu nzogera za mbere zifite ubwenge bwinjiye ku isoko ni Ring Video Doorbell yakozwe na rwiyemezamirimo Jamie Siminoff mu 2013. Kuva icyo gihe, inzogera nyinshi z’ubwenge zamenyekanye ku isoko, zimwe muri zo zikaba zifite ibintu byihariye, byihariye. Ikindi gikomeye ni Nest Mwaramutse .    

## Ibibazo byihariye
Hagaragaye impungenge zijyanye n'umutekano w'inzogera zikoresha ubwenge. Abashakashatsi ba Pen Test Partners cyo mu Bwongereza basesenguye inzogera yo mu bwoko bwa Ring ifite ubwenge maze banzura bavuga ko bishoboka ko uwagabye igitero ashobora kugera ku muyoboro wa nyirarureshwa wa nyirarureshwa akoresheje Impeta, akanda buto yo gushiraho kandi akagera kuri URL iboneza.  Mu kindi kibazo cy’umutekano cyari cyaragaragaye, kuvanga imibare ibiri yemereye bamwe mu bakoresha inzogera yo mu bwoko bwa Ring ubwenge kureba amashusho ya Live kuva ku rubaraza rw’imbere rw’abanyamahanga. 

## AMASHAKIRO
Gupti

***Gupti*** ni inkota cg Umwambi gakondo wo mu Buhinde ishobora gusoza, gushyirwa mu gasanduku k'imbaho, kandi ugashyirwaho nk'umukandara w'ugenda cyangwa inkoni ngufi.
Margna

**The Margna** ( Classical Mandaic  ,  ) ni inkoni y'imbaho w'ibiti by'umwelayo (olive) ikoreshwa mu mihango ya gikirisitu nu umupadiri wa Mandaean . Umupadiri wo muri Mandaean buri gihe yitwaza margna ye mugihe cy'imihango yo kubatizwa ( masbuta ). 

Ku bwa *Ginza iburyo*, *margna* (abakozi) b'amazi mazima ( *Mia Hayya* ) ni imwe mu ntwaro za Manda d-Hayyi . 

## Etymology

Ijambo rya Mandaic *margna* rikomoka muri Irani. 

## Muri ''Qulasta''
Mugihe c'imihango y'abapadiri, klila (indabyo ya myrtle) ishyirwa kuri margna.  Muri Qulasta,  ni isengesho rya klila yashyizwe kuri margna. 

 muri Qulasta ryeguriwe margna.  Isengesho risobanura margna itwikiriye urumuri ( *ziwa* ) n'umucyo ( *nhura* ). 

## Reba kandi

* Aaron's rod – Staves carried by Moses's brother, Aaron, in the Torah
* Caduceus – Staff carried by Hermes in Greek mythology
* Mandaean priest § Clothing
* Rod of Asclepius – Symbol of medicine
* Sceptre – Staff held by a ruler to symbolize authority
* Staff of Moses – Walking stick used by Moses
* Staff of office – Stick denoting position, rank or prestige
* Was-sceptre – Ancient Egyptian religious symbol

## AMASHAKIRO
Alijeriya mu Mikino ya Paralimpike y’Amahoro yo mu 1996

Abakinnyi baturutse muri **[[Aligeriya|Alijeriya]]** bitabiriye **imikino Paralympike yo mu 1996** yabereye i Atlanta, muri Amerika .

## Abanywanyi
Alijeriya yari ifite itsinda rinini rigizwe n’abantu 9 i Atlanta, bose bari abagabo. Ntibohereje abagore kugeza ku Mikino yo mu mwaka wa 2000.

## Abamidari

## Ibyabaye

### Imikino ngororamubiri
 

; Abagabo - inzira

; Abagabo - umurima

### Judo
 

; Abagabo

## Reba kandi

* Alijeriya mu mikino Paralympike
* Alijeriya mu mikino Olempike yo mu 1996

## Reba
Erez Biton

**Erez Biton** ( Hebrew   ; wavutse 1942 i Oran, muri Alijeriya ) ni umusizi wa Isiraheli wavukiye muri Alijeriya ukomoka muri Maroc . Niwe wahawe igihembo cya Isiraheli 2015 kubera ubuvanganzo n’imivugo by’igiheburayo, mu bindi bihembo by’ubuvanganzo.

## Ubuzima
Erez Biton yavukiye i Oran mu muryango w'Abayahudi bo muri Maroc . Umuryango we wihishe mu 1948, utembera muri Alijeriya maze bakora aliyah bajya muri Isirayeli. Yakurira i  Lodi .  Ku myaka 10, yabuze ubushobozi bwo kubona ndetse n’ukuboko kwe kw’ibumoso kubera grenade yari yabaye igikomeza yari yabonye. Yabonye impamyabumenyi ya B.A. mu kazi k’imibereho muri Kaminuza ya Hebrew i Yerusalemu ndeste na MA muri psychologiya muri kaminuza ya Bar-Ilan. Biton yashakanye na Rachel Calahorra Biton, kandi bombi bafite abana babiri.

## Umwuga
Nyuma yo kurangiza amasomo ye, Biton yakoraga akazi k’imibereho myiza (social worker) i Ashkelon imyaka irindwi, ndetse agakora nka psikoloji (psychologist) mu mujyi uri kure. Yakoraga kandi nka mutwe w’itangazamakuru (journalist) kandi asohora inkingi y’inkuru y’icyumweru muri gazeti rikomeye rya Isirayeli, *Maariv.* Igiti cye cya mbere, *Mincha Marokait* (Impano y’Abanya-Moroko), cyasohotse mu 1976, kimushyira ku mwanya w’Umubyeyi w’Abasizi ba Mizrahi muri Isirayeli.

## Imirimo yatangajwe

### Ibisigo

* *Mincha Maroka'it* ( Hebrew   ) "Impano ya Maroc," Eked, 1976
* *Reba Hana'na* ( Hebrew   ) "Igitabo cya Mint," Eked, 1979
* *Tsipor bein Yabashot* ( Hebrew   ) "Inyoni yo hagati", 1990
* *Timbisert, Tsipor Maroka'it* ( Hebrew   ), "Timbisert, Inyoni yo muri Maroc", Hakibbutz Hameuchad, 2009
* *Nofim Khavushei Einayim* ( Hebrew   ) "Ahantu nyaburanga", Hakibbutz Hameuchad, 2013
* *Bet Hapsanterim* (Igiheburayo: בית הפסנתרים) "Inzu ya Piyano", Hakibbutz Hameuchad, 2015

### Ikinamico

* *Sulika* ( Hebrew   ) "Soulika", Snir, 2005

## Ibihembo no kumenyekana

* (2015) Biton yahawe igihembo cya Isiraheli kubera ubuvanganzo, Umuyahudi wa mbere Mizrahi wakiriye. Komite ishinzwe ibihembo yavuze ko ibisigo bye ari "icyitegererezo cy’ubutwari, cyiyumvamo kandi cyimbitse hamwe n’ubunararibonye butandukanye bw’umuntu ku giti cye hamwe na hamwe byibanze ku bubabare bwo kwimuka, gushinga imizi mu gihugu, no kongera kwerekana indangamuntu ya Mizrahi nk’ibice bigize ishusho rusange ya Isiraheli 
* (2014) Igihembo cya Bialik Kubuzima Bwubuzima Bwose
* (2014) Igihembo cya Yehuda Amichai
* (1988) Igihembo cya Minisitiri w’intebe
* (1982) Igihembo cya Miriam Talpir

## Reba kandi

* Ubuvanganzo bwa Isiraheli

## Reba

## Ihuza ryo hanze

* Biografiya na bibliografiya mu kigo gishinzwe guhindura ubuvanganzo bw'igiheburayo
* Encyclopedia y'Abayahudi mu Isi ya Isilamu, na Stanley Nash, p