open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Cana rumwe i musanze

## Intangiriro

Bamwe mu baturage bo mu Murenge wa Muko mu Karere ka Musanze, bahawe amashyiga yo gutekaho arondereza inkwi azwi nka ‘Cana rumwe’, baravuga ko bagiye guca ukubiri n’imyotsi yajyaga ibatera indwara zo mu myanya y’ubuhumekero.

## Igikorwa

Iki gikorwa cyakozwe n’umushinga DeLAGua usanzwe utanga aya mashyiga mu rwego rwo kurandura ingaruka n’indwara ziterwa n’imyotsi ndetse no kurengera ibidukikije kuko aya mashyiga akoresha inkwi nkeya. Aya mashyiga afite agaciro k’ibihumbi 70 Frw, yahawe imiryango 2 100 yo mu Murenge wa Muko mu Karere ka Musanze.

## Cana rumwe ku baturage
abaturage bavuga ko abari basanzwe batekesha amakara, bahendwaga cyane dore ko muri iki gihe abona umugabo agasiba undi, iyi gahunda bari kuyikora ku bufatanye na Minisiteri y’Ubuzima kuko afasha abaturage kutarwara indwara zifata imyanya y’ubuhumekero ziterwa n’imyotsi nk’ibihaha ndetse n’izifata amaso.

## Amashakiro
Cana rumwe i Kamonyi

## Intangiriro

Abasigajwe inyuma n’amateka bo mu Kagari ka Kagina, mu Murenge wa Runda mu Karere ka Kamonyi bakora umwuga w’ububumbyi, batangaza ko kuva kuri gakondo bagakora ububumbyi bw’ishyiga rya “Cana rumwe” byabongereye umusaruro; kuko amashyiga bakora afite agaciro gakubye inshuro eshatu izo bakoraga mbere.

## Ubumwe
Ababumbyi b’ishyiga rya Cana rumwe bibumbiye muri Koperative “Ubumwe” batangiye kubumba aya mashyiga mu mwaka wa 2011. Icyo gihe bahawe amahugurwa na Minisiteri y’ibikorwa remezo ifatanyije n’icyari ikigo cy’igihugu gishinzwe ingufu, amazi, isuku n’isukura (EWSA), hagamijwe kurengera ibidukikije hagabanywa ibicanwa.

## Cana Rumwe
Iri shyiga abarikoresha bavuga ko ritwara inkwi nke kuko ridashobora gukwirwamo imyase myinshi icyarimwe. Abaribumba bo bavuga ko ryabafashije kuva mu bukene bakabasha kwibonera bimwe mu byo ingo zabo zikenera, kuko ngo bagereranyije n’amafaranga yavaga mu mbabura zisanzwe bagurishaga amafaranga y’u Rwanda 300 frw, cana rumwe yo bayigurisha amafaranga 1000.

## Amashakiro
Imvura ivanze n'amafi muri Australia

Mu majyepfo ya Australia mu mpera z'icyumweru gishije habaye igitangaza hagwa imvura ivanze n'amafi, aho benshi babifashe nk'igitangaza ndetse bamwe bakavuga ko ayo mafi ari umugisha Imana yabahaye.

## Tumenye kuba biriteza urujijo
Umuyobozi  Andrew Johnson Japanangka yavuze ko batunguwe n’uko imvura yaguye ikagwana n'amafi menshi.Yavuze ati Twabonye umuyaga mwinshi, werekeza mu gace dutuyemo ndetse twatekerezaga ko imvura igiye kugwa yonyine, ariko igihe imvura yatangiraga kugwa twabonye amafi agwana nayo. Japanangka yakomeje avuga ko ibyabaye ari umugisha waturutse ku Mana. Ati Yari amafi mazima angana n'ibiganza bibiri ubyegeranyije. Abana barafataga bakayashyira mu macupa ndetse n'ibibindi ariko hari bamwe mu baturage barayashyize mu bidendezi by'amazi uriya mbona ari umugisha waturutse kuri Nyagasani.

## Ibindi Wamenya
Ayo mafi mato yamanutse mu kirere ubwo imvura yagwaga. Abatuye mu Majyaruguru ya Australia mu gace ka Lajamanu bavuze aya mafi menshi yamanukanaga n'imvura nyinshi yagwaga muri ako gace.Uwitwa Penny McDonald, yavuze ko mu mwaka 1980 nabwo babyutse bagasanga amafi yuzuye imihanda.Agira ati Nabyutse mu gitondo, icyo gihe nakoraga mu kigo cy' ishuri, kandi umuhanda wa kaburimbo uri inyuma y'urugo rwanjye wari wuzuye amafi. Yari amafi mato kandi yari menshi. Byari bitangaje gusa.namakuru yatangajwe na ABC News avuga atari ubwa mbere amafi aguye aho byabereye muri Lajamanu kuko no mu mwaka 1974 byahayeho.Umuyobobozi ushinzwe amafi mu kigo ndangamurage n'ubuhanzi yo mu ntara y'amajyaruguru, Michael Hammer yatangaje ko ibyabaye ari ibidasanzwe.Umuyobobozi ushinzwe amafi mu kigo ndangamurage n'ubuhanzi yo mu ntara y'amajyaruguru, Michael Hammer yatangaje ko ibyabaye ari ibidasanzwe.Nubwo umuyaga ushobora guhuha mu nyanja ibinyabuzima bikagwa ahandi bitewe n'imiterere y'ikirere. Abaturage bavuze ko batunguwe no kubona imvura igwa ikamanukana n'amafi.

## Amashakiro
Amashyiga muri Muhanga

## Intangiriro
Abaturage bo mu midugudu itatu y’akagari ka Ruli mu murenge wa Shyogwe mu karere ka Muhanga bahawe amashyiga ya kijyambere ya cana rumwe arondereza ibicanwa, bakemeza ko azabakemurira ikibazo cy’inkwi cyari kibabangamiye.

## DelAgua

Igikorwa cyabaye kuri uyu wa Gatandatu tariki 26 Ukuboza 2020, ayo mashyiga akaba yatanzwe ku bufatanye bwa kompanyi ya DelAgua ndetse n’ubuyobozi bw’uwo murenge, bikaba bibujijwe ko uhawe iryo shyiga yarigurisha.

## Ishyiga

Abaturage bahawe ayo mashyiga bayishimiye cyane, kuko ngo kubona inkwi byabagoraga ndetse n’amakara akaba ahenze cyane, nk’uko Minani Vincent wo mu mudugudu wa Karama wari umaze kuyifata abisobanura. Ishyiga bampaye riranshimishije cyane kuko nakoreshaga inkwi nyinshi mu ziko bikangora kuzibona none ndasubijwe. Ubu tuzajya ducana umwase umwe utageze no kuri metero uhishe inkono bityo turengere amashyamba kuko agenda ashira kandi n’amakara ahenze kuko ugura nk’akadobo ka 400 ntikagire icyo kamara, tukaba dushimira Leta yadufashije.

## Ibindi
Leta ishishikariza Abanyarwanda gukoresha ibindi bicanwa nka gaze, briquette n’ibindi mu rwego rwo kurengera ibidukikije ndetse no kugabanya ihumana ry’ikirere.

## Amashakiro
Abagikora ibikorwa bibi byangiza Nyungwe bakebuwe

Hagamijwe gukomeza kubungabunga Pariki y’Igihugu ya Nyungwe no kwigisha abayangiza kubireka, mu nkengero zayo hakomeje ibikorwa bitandukanye byo gukora ubukangurambaga.

## Intego
Ni nyuma y’uko byagaragaye ko hari abaturiye Nyungwe bagikora ibikorwa bibi birimo kwica inyamaswa ziyibamo bakazibaga cyangwa bagategamo imitego ndetse hari n’abahagika imizinga mu nkengero zayo bajya guhakura bagateza inkongi y’umurimo.

Urugero ni nk’aho muri Kanama 2022 muri Pariki y’Igihugu ya Nyungwe ku ruhande rw’Umurenge wa Bweyeye mu Karere ka Rusizi hagaragaye inkongi ikomeye.

Abaturage n’inzego z’umutekano bihutiye kuzimya ariko kuko umuriro wari ufite imbaraga icyo gikorwa cyatwaye iminsi ibiri bituma hashya hegitari 21.

Nyuma y’icyumweru kimwe abantu bane batawe muri yombi bakurikiranyweho icyaha cyo gutwika Pariki y’Igihugu ya Nyungwe.

Umuryango Biodiversity Conservation Organisation (Biocoor) wita ku rusobe rw’ibinyabuzima n’iterambere ry’abaturage, watangije uburyo bwo gusanga abagenzi mu modoka zinyura muri Nyungwe ubibutsa ko bagomba kwirinda ibikorwa bibi biyangiza.

Ni ubukangurambaga buri kujyana no gukomeza kwigisha abaturage kudakorera ubuhigi muri Nyungwe no kudahohotera inyamaswa ziyisohotsemo ko ahubwo bakwiye kuzitabariza zigasubizwamo mu mahoro.

## Reba
Umwaka wa 2022 usize u Rwanda rwungutse Pariki mu mujyi rwagati

Bwa mbere mu myaka isaga ijana umujyi wa Kigali umaze ubayeho, uwa 2022 uzahora wibukwa nk’uwa mbere wasize uyu mujyi ubonye pariki ya mbere ariyo ya Nyandungu, yatunganyijwe mu rwego rwo kurengera ibidukikije.

## Intego
Pariki ya Nyandungu yabaye indoto zahindutse impamo kuva mu myaka myinshi kuva Kigali yagirwa Umurwa Mukuru w’u Rwanda.

Ntabwo umuntu yapfa kwiyumvisha uburyo mu mujyi rwagati hashoboraga kuzura pariki ihuza urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima bitandukanye ndetse ibungabunga ibidukikije ku buryo bwose bushoboka bijyanye n’umubare munini w’abantu bawugenda.

Abagiriwe amahirwe yo kuhagenda, ni pariki yujuje byose bisabwa ku cyanya nyaburanga, kuko n’ingufu zikoreshwamo zikomoka ku mirasire y’izuba. Uhageze asanganirwa n’umwuka uyunguruye n’amajwi y’inyoni z’amoko atandukanye.

## Imiterere
Mbere kitaratunganywa igishanga cya Nyandungu cyakorerwagamo ubuhinzi, ubworozi bw’amatungo yaragirwagamo ndetse hari abagikoreshaga nk’ikimoteri cyo kumenamo imyanda, bigatuma cyangirika.

Ku muntu uhaheruka nko mu 2018, ubu ahageze yatungurwa. Ha handi hatagendwaga, hatabonekaga inyamaswa nk’inyoni n’izindi, ubu hahinduwe Pariki y’Ubukerarugendo bubungabunga Ibidukikije ya Nyandungu

Iri mu Mirenge ya Ndera ho mu Karere ka Gasabo na Nyarugunga muri Kicukiro, kiri hagati y’umuhanda wa La Palisse Hotel kugera k’ugana i Ndera kuri 15, kiri ku buso bwa hegitari 121.

Ni umushinga washimwe n’abaharanira kubungabunga urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima ku buryo ubuyobozi bw’Umujyi wa Kigali buherutse gutangaza ko n’ibindi bishanga bitanu biwubarizwamo bigiye gusanurwa.

Uyu mushinga ni umwe mu ikomeye yatangirijwemo isuzuma muri Kigali hagamijwe kureba uko ibishanga byabyazwa umusaruro ndetse bigahindurwa ahantu nyaburanga abantu bashobora kuruhukira nyuma yo kuva ku kazi k’ingume.

Ibi ni urugero rugaragaza ko intego u Rwanda rwihaye yo kwimakaza iterambere rishingira ku ku bungabunga ibidukikije izagerwaho nta nkomyi.

## Reba
Gahunda yo kugabanya igiciro cy’ifu n’icy’ifumbire muri Kenya

Ubuzima buhenze ngo ni ikibazo kigoye Abanya-Kenya benshi, aho ubu ngo ikipi y’ibiro bibiri by’ifu y’ubugari yazamutse ikava ku Mashilingi ya Kenya Ijana ikagera kuri magana abiri.Abanya-Kenya benshi ngo bari bamaze iminsi bataka kubera kuzamuka kw’ifu aho ipaki y’ibiro bibiri igura 200KSH ivuye ku 100KSH, ariko Perezida Ruto yarabahumurije avuga ko yatangiye ibiganiro na Minisiteri ishinzwe iby’ubuhinzi, kandi ko ibintu bizagenda neza.
## Gahunda bateguye

Imvura nkeya igitangira kugwa, twatangiye gushyiraho gahunda zo gushaka uko hari imifuka miliyoni 1.4 y’ifumbire izaboneka ku buryo bworoshye, aho umufuka w’ibiro 50, uzagura 3500KSH,uvuye ku 6500 KSH’’.Perezida Ruto yavuze ko ibyo biciro bishya by’ifumbire bizatangira gukurikizwa kizahera ku itariki 19 Nzeri mu mwaka 2022, ibyo bigakorwa Guverinoma igerageza kuvugurura urwego rw’ubuhinzi muri icyo gihugu.kandi yatangaje ko azazamura imishinga minini izafasha icyo gihugu gukomeza gutera imbere mu bijyanye n’ubukungu.

## Amashakiro
Inkwi

## Intangiriro

Raporo y’ubushakashatsi bwakozwe na Minisiteri y’Ibikorwa Remezo ifatanyije n’Umuryango w’Ubumwe bw’Ibihugu by’i Burayi mu mwaka wa 2020 mu turere twose tw’ u Rwanda bwerekanye ko ingo zikoresha inkwi gusa mu guteka mu Rwanda zigera kuri 80.37% mu gihe abagikoresha amashyiga y’amabuye atatu bagera kuri 69.4%.

## Ubushakashatsi ku gucana Inkwi
Ubu bushakashatsi bwakorewe ku ngo zigera ku 5,020 ziganjemo izo mu bice by’icyaro, bwakusanyije amakuru ku mikoreshereze y’ibicanwa ndetse n’uburyo bwo guteka bukoreshwa n’Abanyarwanda.

## Inkwi n’amashyiga
Uretse inkwi n’amashyiga gakondo, ubu bushakashatsi bugaragaza ko ubundi buryo bwo guteka bugenda bwitabirwa gahoro gahoro. Abasubije ko bayobotse gukoresha gaze bagera kuri 5.65%. Ugereranije n’imibare yaherukaga kugaragazwa n’Ikigo cy’igihugu cy’ibarurishamibare mu mwaka wa 2017, usanga uyu mubare ugenda wiyongera kuko icyo gihe wari kuri 1.15% gusa. Icyakora mu mijyi uyu mubare uri hejuru ku kigero cya 25.6%.
## Amashakiro
Ishyiga

Amashyiga avuguruye yatangiye gukwirakwizwa mu Gihugu yitezweho kurengera ibidukikije.

## REG
Sosiyete y’u Rwanda Ishinzwe Ingufu (REG) ivuga ko hari umushinga mushya ugiye gukwirakwiza mu gihugu amashyiga avuguruye arondereza ibicanwa ndetse n’andi akoresha ibicanwa bitari inkwi n’amakara mu rwego rwo kugabanya ihumana ry’ikirere no gufasha abaturage guteka badahenzwe no kugura inkwi n’amakara nk’uko ubu bigenda.

## Amakara
N’ubwo tubona abakoresha amakara biganje cyane mu mijyi, ubwinshi bwabo burahagije kugira ngo amashyamba ahungabane. Buriya kugira ngo ukore ikilo kimwe gusa cy’amakara, bisaba gutwika byibura ibiro 12 by’inkwi. Tekereza noneho kugira ngo umufuka umwe w’ibiro 50 uzuzure. Haba hagiye inkwi nyinshi cyane.

## Amashyiga
ni umushinga watekerejwe bitewe n’ingaruka ikoreshwa ry’amakara n’inkwi nyinshi rikomeje kugira ku mashyamba n’ikirere. Amashyiga arebwa n’uyu mushinga ari mu byiciro bitanu bijyanye n’uburyo ishyiga rikoze, uburambe bwaryo ndetse n’igicanwa rikoresha. Ayo mashyiga ni akoresha inkwi, amakara, burikete, palete, gazi, amashanyarazi n’ibindi bicanwa ba rwiyemezamirimo bazabasha kugaragaza ko bishobora kuboneka kandi bikagezwa ku mugenerwabikorwa mu buryo bumworoheye igihe cyose yaba abikeneye.

## Amashakiro
Ubuzima muri Kenya

Bavuga ko imwe mu miryango muri Kenya, irya rimwe gusa ku musi, cangwa ntirye na rimwe kubera ibiciro by'ibiribwa byazamutse kurwego ruhambaye.

## Ubuzima Buhenze muri Kenya.
Ukwiyongera kw'ubuzima buhenze bishitse mu gihe Kenya yajyaga kujya mu matora rusange ku tariki 9 z'ukwezi kw'umunani mu mwaka 2022. Icyo kibazo kiza mu biri imbere mu kwiyamamaza kw'abakandida babiri baza imbere bashaka gusimbura Uwarumuyobizi wicyogihugu.bavugako basaba gufungurira amasoko hanyuma bagatanga akazi.Hatekerezwa kugabanya ibiciro by'ibintu bya kenerwa cyane nkibyo bazamuriye ibiciro byabyo, kugira ngo mu gihe ushoboye kubona amafaranga make, ushobore kubona ico ufungura.

## Ingaruka Bitera
Umuhanga wo mw'ishirahamwe International Crisis Group,Meron Elias, agaragaza ko ubuzima buhenze bushobora gutera umutekano muke.n'aho ibizava mu matora kikaba ari ikintu ciza kuri demokrasi ya Kenya turatinya ko hashobora kuba agahinda gafatiye ku biciro by'ibifungurwa bihanitse hanyuma izamuka ry'ibiciro muri rusange rishobora gutuma abanye politike biborohera gushora abanyagihugu bashavuye mu mumihanda.Hari kandi n'ubwoba ko urubyiruko rutagira akazi rushobora guhabwa akazi n'abantu b'inkozi z'ibibi.

## Amashakiro
Imyotsi

Imyotsi y’imodoka n’iyo gutekesha inkwi ku isonga mu bihumanya ibidukikije n'ikirere cy’u Rwanda.

## Ubushakashatsi
Nyuma y’uko ubushakashatsi bugaragaje ko imyuka isohorwa n’imodoka ndetse n’imyotsi ikomoka ku gutekesha inkwi n’amakara bigize 80% by’imyanda yanduza umwuka mu kirere cy’u Rwanda, Abanyarwanda basabwe kubahiriza amabwiriza yashyizweho agamije kubungabunga ikirere no kwita ku bidukikije muri rusange ariko na Leta igafasha mu gukuraho imbogamizi zihari.

## Ibidukikije

Raporo y’Ikigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe kurengera Ibidukikije (REMA) yo mu 2021, igaragaza ko mu bihumanya ikirere, imyuka isohorwa n’imodoka ifata 40% ibicanwa birimo inkwi n’amakara bigafata 40% naho 20% isigaye igaterwa n’ibindi bitandukanye birimo ibikoresho by’ikoranabihanga bishaje n’indi myanda. REMA imaze iminsi mu Cyumweru cy’ibidukikije hakorwa ubukangurambaga bwo kubungabunga ibidukikije hanategurwa kwizihiza Umunsi Mpuzamahanga w’Ibidukikije ku wa 5 Kamena.

## ikirere
Ubushakatsi bwakozwe bugaragaza ko imyuka yanduza ikirere cy’u Rwanda ikunze kuboneka ku bwinshi mu gihe cy’impeshyi hava izuba ryinshi, ikagabanuka mu gihe cy’itumba hagwa imvura kuko iyo iguye isukura ikirere.

## Ibisubizo

* Mu bisubizo byashakwa harimo gushyirwa ingufu mu gutoza abaturage gutekesha gaz ariko bakagabanyirizwa n’igiciro cyayo kugira ngo boroherwe no kuyigondera. Ikindi ni ugukoresha imbabura zirondereza ibicanwa.
* Hatanzwe ibitekerezo ko mu kugabanya imyuka ituruka mu modoka, u Rwanda rukwiye gushyiraho amategeko akumira imodoka zishaje zinjizwa mu gihugu ndetse n’ufite imodoka ishaje akajya ayisorera kugira ngo bamuce intege ayireke ntikomeza kwanduza ikirere.
* Ikindi ni ugushishikariza abaturage gukoresha imodoka zitwara abantu muri rusange aho kugira ngo buri wese yumve yatunga imodoka ye bwite, kuko zaba nyinshi mu gihugu.
* Hagaragajwe kandi ko abantu bashobora gukoresha amagare mu ngendo bakora kuko u Rwanda atari igihugu kinini ndetse hakongerwa n’ingufu mu kuzana mu Rwanda moto zikoresha amashanyarazi.

## Amashakiro
Gahunda yoguca Amashashi

Igihugu cy’u Rwanda cyafashe icyemezo cyo guca amasashi burundu bituma hongerwa isuku mu gihugu ndetse n’ibidukikije  bibashwa ku bungwabungwa neza.

= UKO GAHUNDA YAJE YO GUCA AMASHASHI =
Mu mwaka 2018 nibwo Guverinoma y’u Rwanda yatangiye gahunda yo guca amashashi inashyiraho itegeko rihana uyakoraresha ndetse n’uyinjiza mu gihugu mu rwego rwo kubungabunga ibidukikije.Ikigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe kubungabunga Ibidukikije (REMA) kivuga ko hashyizweho itegeko ryo gukumira pulasitike n’amashashi mu Rwanda kuko byangiza ubutaka bigateza n’ibibazo birimo imyuzure n’ibindi.

## IBYAKOZWE
Hatowe itegeko nimero 17/2019 ryo ku wa 10 Kanama mu mwaka 2019 ryerekeye kubuza ikorwa, itumizwa mu mahanga, ikoreshwa n’icuruzwa ry’amasashi n’ibikoresho bikoze muri pulasitike bikoreshwa inshuro imwe.By’umwihariko ibikoresho bikoreshwa mu buvuzi, ubuhinzi n’amashyamba, itwarwa ry’imyanda n’isukura, ubwubatsi, ibikoresho by’inganda n’ibikorwa by’amacapiro ni byo byemerewe gusaba urushushya rwo gukoresha amasashi cyangwa pulasitike zikoreshwa inshuro imwe.Nyuma y’umwanzuro wo guca amasashi mu gihugu, u Rwanda rwatangiye na gahunda yo kubyaza umusaruro ibikoresho bikoze muri pulasitike, aho hatangiye imishinga yo kubibyazamo ibindi bikoresho aho kubijugunya ngo byangize ibidukikije.Nyuma y’uko Leta y’u Rwanda ifashe gahunda yo guca ikoreshwa ry’amashashi mu Rwanda mu rwego rwo kubungabunga ibidukikije, haracyari abavuga ko amashashi atazacika burundu ngo bikunde.Ibi bigaragarira no mu mirimo itandukanye abantu bakora, aho usanga hakiri udusigisigi tw’ikoreshwa ry’amashashi cyane cyane mu bucuruzi buciriritse nubwo hari n’ibicuruzwa biza bipfunyitse mu mashashi.
Amashyiga ya Biogaz

Amashyiga ya Biogaz ni amashyiga yifashishwa muguteka kuko atagira imyotsi cyangwa undi mwanda wose haba kubukoresho cyangwa ku mutetsi. ni amashyiga ari mu umuhigo w’Isi n’u Rwanda wo kurinda Isi habungabungwa ibidukikije.

## Amashyiga ya Biogaz
Aya mashyiga ya Biogaz yatanzwe ku bufatanye bwa UNDP ndetse na Leta y’u Rwanda. Uko ari 500, yasaranganyijwe ku buryo bungana ku buryo mu Karere ka Ngoma, yahawe abaturage 250 n’abandi 250 mu Karere ka Rwamagana.

## Abaturage
kubera ikirere cyahindutse kandi Intara y’Iburasirazuba irangwamo amapfa ahanini biterwa n’uko nta mashyamba ahari kandi n’ahari abaturage bayakoresha mu gucana rero kurinda amashyamba ahari  ahari birasaba gukoresha aya mashyiga ya Biogaz akaba ariyo yifashishwa.

## Amashakiro
Gahunda yoguca Pulasitike

Ikigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe kubungabunga Ibidukikije (REMA) kivuga ko hashyizweho itegeko ryo gukumira pulasitike mu Rwanda kuko byangiza ubutaka bigateza n’ibibazo birimo imyuzure n’ibindi.

## Uko gahunda yarihagaze yoguca Pulasitike
Ni umwanzuro wafashwe mu 2008 hagamijwe gukumira ingaruka pulasitike n’amasashi biteza mu Rwanda ariko kugeza ubu haracyari ikibazo cy’ibikoresho byo gupfunyikamo ku buryo byatumye intego itagerwaho.REMA ivuga ko Isi yugarijwe n’ikibazo cy’ingutu cy’ibikoresho bikoze muri pulasitike kuko bituma amazi adatemba uko bikwiye, bikabangamira amazi y’inyanja n’imigezi n’ibiyaga ndetse bikica ibinyabuzima byo mu mazi.Mu Rwanda ibikoresho bikoze muri pulasitike bikoreshwa inshuro imwe nk’amasashi byagiye bigira ingaruka mu guteza imyuzure no gutuma umusaruro w’ubuhinzi uba muke bitewe n’uko ayo masashi abuza amazi kwinjira mu butaka. Ibyo bikoresho bya pulasitike kandi byagiye bihumanya ikirere igihe byabaga bitwitswe.

## Amategeko n'Icyo yaragamije
Mu mwaka 2008 mu Rwanda hatowe itegeko ryerekeye kubuza ikorwa, itumizwa, ikoreshwa n’icuruzwa ry’amasashi akoze muri pulasitike mu gihugu. Kubera ko andi moko ya pulasitike (atari amasashi akozwe muri pulasitike) na yo abangamira ibidukikije, byabaye ngombwa ko itegeko ryagurwa kugira ngo rirengere n’ayo moko yandi ya pulasitike.By’umwihariko ibikoresho bikoreshwa mu buvuzi, ubuhinzi n’amashyamba, itwarwa ry’imyanda n’isukura, ubwubatsi, ibikoresho by’inganda n’ibikorwa by’amacapiro ni byo byemerewe gusaba urushushya rwo gukoresha amasashi cyangwa pulasitike zikoreshwa inshuro imwe.REMA isobanura ko iryo tegeko rigamije kubuza ikoreshwa ritari ngombwa n’ijugunywa ry’ibikoresho bikozwe muri pulasitike bikoreshwa inshuro imwe kuko byari bimaze kuba umutwaro ku bidukikije.Usibye amatafari, mu bikoresho bya pulasitike hashobora gukorwamo ama-Pavé. Hari ibindi bihugu bikora amapoto y’amashanyarazi byifashishije amacupa n’intebe za pulasitike ku buryo adakomeza kuba ikibazo mu kwangiza ibidukikije.

## Amashakiro
Ibyo u Rwanda rwakuye mu nama ya COP27

Kuva tariki 6 kugeza ku wa 18 Ugushyingo 2022, intumwa z’ibihugu bitandukanye zahuriye mu mujyi wa Sharm El Sheikh mu Misiri ziganira ku ngaruka z’imihindagurikire y’ibihe n’uburyo bwo kuzikumira no guhangana na zo mu nama izwi nka COP [Conference of the Parties] yabaye ku nshuro ya 27.

Ni inama u Rwanda rwitabiriye rwitwaje ingingo zirimo gukurikirana uburyo ibihugu bikize bigomba kugaragaza uko bigira uruhare mu kongera amafaranga yo guhangana n’ingaruka z’imihindagurikire y’ibihe.

## Reba
Abaturage bo mumujyi wa Kigali bashobora kwibasirwa n’ingaruka z’imyanda yo mu bwiherero

Uko Umujyi wa Kigali urushaho guturwa cyane kandi imiterere yawo ikaba itoroshya iby’imicungire y’imyanda yo mu bwiherero, bishobora gushyira mu kaga ubuzima bw’abaturage ndetse bikagira uruhare mu kwangiza imigezi n’ibiyaga hatagize igikorwa.

Abakoresha umusarani w’umwobo n’abafite ividurwa mu buryo bworoshye (septic tanks) mu Mujyi wa Kigali bagera kuri 92%.

Kuba Umujyi wa Kigali uturwa mu buryo bw’ubucucike bwongera umubare w’imisarane n’ibyobo bifata umwanda wo mu bwiherero ubusanzwe uba uvanze n’amazi.

Ayo mazi byoroha ko acengera mu butaka kubera ko Kigali igizwe n’imisozi akazagera aho yivanga n’ayo abantu basanzwe bakoresha ndetse rimwe na rimwe akaruhukira mu migezi nka Nyabugogo, Nyabarongo n’Akagera.

## Reba
Biogaz

## Ubusobanuro

Biogaz ni bumwe mu buryo  leta y’ u Rwanda yashyizeho hagamijwe kugabanya ibicanwa bisimbura inkwi n’amakara mu rwego rwo kurengera ibidukikije ndetse n’ihindagurika ry’Ikirere.

## Amoko ya Biogaz
Reka tuvuge kuri Biogaz  zari zarubatswe mu 2010 inyinshi zo mu **bwoko bwa GCC**  zikora ariko iz’ubatswe mu 2016 zo mu **bwoko bwa Converse** arizo zidakora, Izindi zo mu **bwoko bwa Maconerie** .

## Mu Rwanda

Uyu mushinga watangijwe mu mwaka wa 2007, hakorwa ubukangurambaga butandukanye no gusobanurira Abanyarwanda by’umwihariko aborozi  gukoresha ubu buryo nk’inzira ibaganisha ku iterambere. Ni ukuvuga ko umaze imyaka 15 usa nkaho ukiri mu igerageza. Gusa uyu mushinga wayobotswe n’aborozi  ndetse n’ibigo birimo amashuri na  gereza byabonaga uyu mushinga nk’igisubizo cyigabanya ibicanwa. Hajyaho ubu buryo , urugo rwagombaga gutanga ibihumbi 100frw , leta igatanga ibihumbi 300frw  byo kunganira kugira ngo biogas yubakwe.

## Ibyiza bya Biogaz
abakoresha biogas kandi bishimira ko  kuba bazifite zigikora, zifasha ku kazi imworohereza guteka  vuba kandi akabona amafunguro asukuye ndetse no kubona ifumbire.

## Amashakiro
Urubyiruko rwateye ibiti gakondo 3000 kuri hegitari zirindwi mu kubungabunga ibidukikije

Urubyiruko ruri kwiga ibijyanye n’ibidukikije rwibumbiye mu muryango GreenGoal Rwanda Initiative (GGRI) n’abaturage bo mu Karere ka Gasabo mu Mujyi wa Kigali, bateye ibiti 3000 kuri hegitari zirindwi z’ahantu hakundaga kwibasirwa n’isuri n’inkangu.

Ibi biti byatewe kuri uyu wa Gatandatu tariki 26 Ugushyingo 2022, mu muganda usoza ukwezi wibanze ku gutera ibiti no gucukura imirwanyasuri. Byatewe mu mudugudu wa Uwaruraza, Akagari ka Ngara, Umurenge wa Bumbogo no mu gace kegereye ikigo cya gisirikare cya Kami.

Ahatewe ibiti ni ahantu hanyura amazi menshi y’imvura ndetse hamwe yanahaciye inkangu. Iyo uhitegereje ubona ko ibiti bike byari bihari birimo gucika ku buryo hatagize igikorwa hakomeza guteza ibyago abahatuye birimo isuri n’inkangu.

## Reba
Ibiti 21.000 bigiye guterwa mu bigo by’amashuri muri Kigali

Umujyi wa Kigali watangaje ko ugiye gutera ibiti bisaga ibihumbi 21 mu bigo by’amashuri mu rwego rwo gukomeza gahunda yo kubungabunga ibidukikije mu Rwanda.

## Intego
U Rwanda rufite gahunda yo gutera ibiti nibura miliyoni 36 uyu mwaka mu rwego rwo kurushaho kubungabunga ibidukikije, kubera iyo mpamvu Minisiteri y’Ibidukikije yatangije gahunda yo gutera ibiti mu mashuri byiganjemo iby’imbuto ziribwa.

Kuri uyu wa Kabiri tariki ya 22 Ugushyingo 2022, iyi gahunda yatangirijwe mu ishuri rya Ecole Belge de Kigali, aho umujyi wa Kigali watangaje ko muri uyu mwaka hagiye guterwa ibisaga ibihumbi 21 mu bigo by’amashuri nk’uko Meya w’Umujyi wa Kigali, Rubingisa Pudence yabigarutseho.

Ati “Twatangiye gahunda yo gutera ibiti, tumaze iminsi dutera ibiti mu Mujyi wa Kigali kandi tuyigira buri mwaka. Twasanze ari ngombwa ko duhera no mu mashuri abana bato bagakura bazi kubungabunga ibidukikije icyo ari cyo, bazi kubitera n’akamaro kabyo.”

Yavuze ko muri Kigali hagiye guterwa ibiti bisaga ibihumbi 400 kandi no mu mashuri ubukangurambaga burakomeje mu rwego rwo gutera ibiti byiganjemo imbuto ziribwa zizanifashishwa mu kurwanya imirire mibi mu mashuri.

## Reba
Umujyi wa Kigali washyizwe mu ya mbere ibungabunga ibishanga ku Isi

Umujyi wa Kigali wahawe icyemezo cy’ishimwe nk’umujyi wafashe ingamba zikomeye zigamije kubungabunga ibishanga, kizwi nka Wetland City Accreditation.

Ni ibyemezo byahawe imijyi mishya 25 hirya no hino ku Isi mu muhango wabereye i Genève mu Busuwisi kuri uyu wa Kane, mu nama ya 14 y’Ihuriro mpuzamahanga rigamije kubungabunga ibishanga (Ramsar Convention on Wetlands).

Umujyi wa Kigali uri mu mijyi 25 yatoranyijwe kubera ingamba wafashwe mu kubungabunga ibishanga biwugize ku nyungu z’abaturage.

Muri Afurika indi mijyi yahawe icyo cyemezo ni Cape Town yo muri Afurika y’Epfo na Ifrane wo muri Maroc.

Indi mijyi yahembwe ni nka Sackville wo muri Canada, Hefei; Jining; Liangping; Nanchang; Panjin; Wuhan na Yangcheng yo mu Bushinwa, Belval-en-Argonne na Seltz yo mu Bufaransa, Subaraya na Tanjung Jabung Timur muri Indonesia, Bandar Khamir na Varzaneh yo muri Iran.

Hari kandi imijyi nka Al Chibayish yo muri Iraq, Izumi na Niigata yo mu Buyapani, Gochang; Seocheon na Seogwipo yo muri Koreya y’Epfo, Valencia yo muri Espagne ndetse na Sri Songkhram yo muri Thailand.

Meya w’Umujyi wa Kigali, Pudence Rubingisa yabwiye IGIHE ko bishimiye icyemezo bahawe gishingiye ku ngamba zafashwe zo kubungabunga ibishanga.

Ati “Umujyi wa Kigali washimishijwe no kuba ingamba zafashwe mu kubungabunga ibishanga Isi yose yazibonye kandi ikazishyigikira. Mu Mijyi 25 yo ku isi yashyizwe ku rwego rw’Imijyi ibungabunga ibishanga, ine gusa ni iyo yo muri Afurika.”
Yakomeje agira ati “Hari byinshi byakozwe hari na byinshi bizakomeza gukorwa mu kurengera urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima tubungabunga ibishanga kandi iyo nzira tuyirimo mu kugira ngo ibishanga bikoresheje icyo byagenewe.”

Yashimiye inzego zose bafatanya ndetse n’abaturage muri rusange bitanga kugira ngo bigerwaho, bakumva neza akamaro ko kubungabunga ibishanga.

Umunyamabanga Mukuru w’Ihuriro Convention on Wetlands, Martha Rojas Urrego, yavuze ko mu gihe isi ihanganye n’ibibazo by’imihindagurikire y’ibihe n’ihumana ry’ikirere, ari ingenzi kuzirikana imijyi iri gukora ibishoboka byose ngo ibungabunge ibidukikije ihereye ku bishanga.

Yavuze ko mu gihe hafi kimwe cya kabiri cy’abatuye isi batuye mu mijyi, ibishanga ari bimwe mu byanya bikomeje kototerwa, byangizwa ku buryo biteye impungenge ku buzima bw’abatuye muri iyo mijyi.

Yavuze ko iyo ibishanga bibungabunzwe bitanga ubuzima bwiza kandi bikaba isoko y’iterambere, kororoka k’urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima no kubungabunga amazi.

Umujyi wa Kigali ni umwe mu yatangije gahunda idasanzwe yo kubungabunga ibishanga. Nk’igishanga cya Nyandungu cyaratunganyijwe kigirwa pariki ibungabunga ibidukikije, igishanga cya Nyarutarama cyaratunganyijwe gikorwamo ikibuga cya Golf kigezweho n’ubusitani mu gihe icya Gikondo na cyo kiri gutunganywa.
Umujyi wa Kigali uherutse gutangaza ko hari inyigo zatangiye zo gutunganya ibindi bishanga birimo ibya Rwampara, Rugende na Gatsata, ku buryo imirimo izatangira mu mwaka utaha.

Imijyi 43 yo mu bihugu 17 ni yo imaze guhabwa icyemezo cya Convention on Wetlands ku Isi. Imijyi 18 iheruka yahawe icyo cyemezo mu mwaka wa 2018.

## Reba
Inyungu abaturage bakura mu biti byatewe bivangwa n'imyaka

Abaturage bo mu karere ka Rutsiro bavuga ko ibiti bivangwa n’imyaka byatewe mu mirima yabo byabafashije kongera umusaruro w’ubuhinzi kuko isuri itagitembana ubutaka bwabo.

Babitangaje kuri uyu wa 08 Ugushyingo 2022, ubwo mu murenge wa Nyabirasi mu karere ka Rutsiro hatangizwaga igihembwe cyo gutera ibiti.

Uyu murenge uri mu mirenge ikora ku ruhererekane rw’imisozi miremire igize isunzu rya Congo-Nil. Ni igice cyakundaga kwibasirwa n’inkangu igatwara imyaka y’abaturage idasize n’ubuzima bwabo.

Mu myaka 8 ishize, mu kagari ka Ngoma ni hamwe mu haciwe amaterasi y’indinganire aterwaho ibiti bivangwa n’imyaka. Kuri ubu ibi biti byatangiye kubaha umusaruro 

. 

## Reba
Perezida Kagame yatangije ikigega cya miliyoni $100 kizatera inkunga imishinga irengera ibidukikije

Perezida Paul Kagame yatangije ku mugaragaro Ireme Invest, ikigega cyatangiranye miliyoni $104 - ni ukuvuga asaga miliyari 109 Frw - kizatera inkunga imishinga y’abikorera igamije gufasha u Rwanda kubaka ubukungu burengera ibidukikije.
Ni ikigega cyamurikiwe muri Sharm el Sheikh mu Misiri, aharimo kubera inama mpuzamahanga yiga ku guhangana n’imihindagurikire y’ibihe, COP27.

Iki kigega Ireme Invest kiri mu bice bibiri, igice kimwe kikazakoreshwa binyuze mu kigega gitera inkunga imishinga igamije guhangana n’imihindagurikire y’ibihe, FONERWA.

Icyo gice kizajya gitanga inkunga mu iyigwa ry’imishinga n’itegurwa ryayo kuva mu ntangiriro kugeza aho ishobora kwemerwa na banki.

Naho icyiciro cya kabiri, kizaba gikorwa na Banki y’u Rwanda Itsura Amajyambere (BRD), kikazita ku gutanga inguzanyo kuri ya mishinga no kuyishingira mu bigo by’imari.

Ubwo yatangizaga iki kigega, Perezida Kagame yavuze ko iyi ari intambwe ikomeye ku Rwanda.

Yashimagiye ko kugendana n’imihindagurikire y’ibihe bisaba impinduka mu buryo ibihugu bikora ndetse bikoresha ibijyanye n’ingufu, kugeza ku byo abantu barya n’uburyo bihingwa.

Yavuze ko ari ikintu kireba inzego zose, ku buryo abikorera bafite umusanzu ukomeye batanga muri uru rugendo.

Yakomeje ati "Ikigega Ireme Invest kibumbatiye intego u Rwanda rwihaye kugira ngo rubashe kugera ku musaruro ufatika uganisha ku bukungu butangiza ibidukikije, binyuze mu bufatanye bwa Leta n’abikorera mu nzego zitandukanye."

Yashimiye BRD ku gishoro yashyize muri iki kigega, yubakiye ku musaruro n’ubunararibonye bya FONERWA.

Yakomeje ati "Ndashimira byimazeyo inzego z’abafatanyabikorwa, ku buryo iyo batahaba ibirimo gukorwa n’inzego zo mu Rwanda bitajyaga kugera kure. Aba bafatanyabikorwa batanze inkunga ikigega kigishingwa, aho yageze kuri miliyoni $100."

Abo bafatanyabikorwa barimo Guverinoma z’u Bufaransa, Suède n’u Bwongereza, Banki y’Ishoramari y’u Burayi (EIB) na Green Climate Partnership Fund.

Perezida Kagame yavuze ko hakiri uburyo bwinshi bugomba kwifashishwa kugira ngo intego zihawe zigezweho.

Ikigega AFD cya Guverinoma y’u Bufaransa kizatanga miliyoni $20 muri uyu mushinga.

Gishimangira ko uzafasha mu gutera inkunga imishinga y’abikorera, kikazafasha mu guhanga imirimo 367,000 mu bikorwa birengera ibidukikije, bikazakumira iyoherezwa mu kirere rya toni 1,32 y’imyuka ihumanya ikirere.

## Reba
Inyoni z’inkongoro ziri gukendera mu Rwanda zatabarijwe

Abanyarwanda batangiye gushishikarizwa kubungabunga inyoni zizwi nk’inkongoro kubera uburyo zikomeje gukendera nyamara ziri mu zifatiye runini urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima.

Kuva mu kinyejana cya 19, inkongoro zagabanutse ku rugero rukabije kugeza aho zimwe zamaze kuzimira mu bice bitandukanye by’isi kubera ibikorwa bya muntu harimo kuzihohotera bishingiye ku muco n’imyizerere; guhumanya ibyo zirya; gusenya indiri zazo, n’ibindi.

## Ubukangurambaga
Kuwa Kane w’iki Cyumweru umuryango wita ku rusobe rw’ibinyabuzima, Nature Rwanda, wakoze ubukangurambaga mu murenge wa Gataraga mu Karere ka Musanze, hagamijwe gushishikariza abaturage kubungabunga inkongogo.

Hashingiwe ku bushakashatsi Nature Rwanda, uyu murenge watoranyijwe nka kamwe mu duce 15 tubonekamo umubare utari mutoya w’inkogoro mu Rwanda.,

## Ingaruka
Inkongoro zigira uruhare mu kubungabunga urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima, zirya izindi nyamaswa zamaze gupfa ziri ku gasozi. Bitagenze gutyo, Nature Rwanda ivuga ko byateza Isi ibyorezo bikomotse kuri virusi n’udukoko bivuye mu gushanguka kw’izo nyamaswa zindi ziba zapfuye.

## Reba
Loni yagaragaje ko bizagera mu 2050 nta musozi wo muri Afurika ugifite urubura ku gasongero

Raporo y’Umuryango w’Abibumbye yagaragaje ko kubera imihindagurikire y’ibihe bizajya kugera mu 2050 urubura ruri ku misozi yo hirya no hino ku Isi irimo n’uwa Kilimanjaro rwarashizeho.

Ibi niko bizagenda no ku musozi wa Kenya, uwa Rwenzori n’uwa Kilimandjaro, yafatwaga nk’aho ariyo rukumbi muri Afurika ifite urubura ku gasongero mu buryo buhoraho.

Iyi raporo yagiye hanze mu ntangiriro z’iki cyumweru igaragaza ko mu myaka 30 iri imbere urubura ruri ku misozi iri mu murage w’Isi ruzashiraho kubera kwiyongera k’ubushyuhe.

Ibi bizagera ku rubura ruri ku musozi wa mbere muremure muri Afurika, Kilimandjaro, ururi ku misozi ya Alps ndetse n’uwa Yosemite uherereye muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika.

Umuryango w’Abibumbye avuga ko nubwo Isi ikomeje gushyiraho ingamba zo guhangana n’imihindagurikire y’ibihe ntacyo bizatanga ngo uru rubura ntiruve kuri iyi misozi.

Iyi raporo yakozwe hasesengurwa amakuru atangwa n’ibyogajuru bitandukanye biri mu isanzure.

## Reba
Ubuhumbikiro bw’ibiti

2021-2022 buri kagari kazaba kifitiye ubuhumbikiro bw’ibiti.

## Intangiriro
Umukozi w’Akarere ka Rwamagana uyobora ishami ry’ubuhinzi n’umutungo kamere, avuga ko umwaka w’ingengo y’imari 2021/2022 buri kagari kazaba gafite ubuhumbikiro bw’ibiti, kugira ngo byorohereze abaturage kubibona hafi kandi ku giciro gito ndetse binafashe bamwe kubona akazi.

## Ubuhumbikiro
Abayobozi bavuga ko bazi akamaro k’ibiti ariko nanone ngo kubibona ari ingume cyane ko bisaba kujya kubishaka mu buhumbikiro. bAvuga ko amafaranga 50 agurwa urugemwe rumwe rw’igiti ari menshi ugereranyije n’ubushobozi bw’abaturage, Kubona ibiti ni ukujya kubishaka mu buhumbikiro, igiti kimwe ni amafaranga 50 kandi si buri wese wayigondera bitewe n’umubare ashaka. Bishoboka babiduha ku buntu ariko bakibanda ku by’imbuto kandi na byo byera vuba kuko ibyo tubona ni ibikurira igihe kirekire”.

## Akagari

ku bufatanye na Minisiteri y’Ibidukikije ndetse na Tubura, hazashyirwa ubuhumbikiro bw’ibiti kuri buri kagari. buri kagari kazaba gafite ubuhumbikiro, abaturage bazabona akazi batunge imiryango yabo mu buryo bwa Himo, babone ibiti hafi yabo kandi hazibandwa ku biti by’imbuto bifuza cyane, Avuga ko kugira ngo ibiti biterwa bikure neza kandi n’abaturage babishishikarire ndetse binaboneke ku giciro kibereye buri wese bagiye kubegereza ubuhumbikiro bwabyo.

## Amashakiro
Hagiye guterwa ibiti by’imbuto birenga ibihumbi 38 muri Gatsibo

Ubuyobozi bw’Akarere ka Gatsibo bwatangije igikorwa cyo gutera ibiti by’imbuto kuva ku nyubako za Leta, ku mihanda n’ahandi hahurira abantu benshi, muri gahunda yiswe ’Gatsibo igwije imbuto’.

Ni igikorwa cyatangijwe kuri uyu wa Gatandatu tariki ya 29 Ukwakira mu muganda rusange wanitabiriwe n’Umunyamabanga wa Leta muri Minisiteri y’Ubutabera, Amb. Solina Nyirahabimana.

## Intego
Gatsibo igwije imbuto, ni gahunda yatangiye abakozi b’Akarere buri wese yicukurira imyobo mu busitani bw’Akarere agateramo ibiti azajya akurikirana umunsi ku munsi kugeza byeze.

Muri iyi gahunda haterwa ibiti by’imbuto birimo avoka, imyembe, amacunga, amapera, ibifenesi, ibinyomoro n’izindi mbuto zitandukanye.

## Gasana Richard
Umuyobozi w’Akarere ka Gatsibo, Gasana Richard, yavuze ko iyi gahunda yemejwe n’inama Njyanama, ikaba na gahunda ya Guverinoma y’imyaka irindwi, aho buri muturage agomba kugira ibiti by’imbuto nibura bitatu.

Yagize ati "Ku ikubitiro turatera ku nyubako z’ubuyobozi butandukanye, ku Karere, ku mirenge, ku tugari, ku nsengero, ku mashuri n’ahandi henshi. Hose hamwe tuzatera ibiti ibihumbi 38 mu cyiciro cya mbere."

Meya Gasana yakomeje avuga ko mu cyiciro cya kabiri bazatangira mu mwaka utaha, bazaha urubyiruko rw’abakorerabushake akazi ko gukora ubuhumbikiro, hanyuma Akarere kabagurire bya biti bihabwe abaturage babitere mu ngo zabo.

Yavuze ko bateganyije miliyoni 250 Frw zo gushora muri ibi bikorwa, aya mafaranga yose akaba agenewe guhemba urubyiruko rw’abakorerabushake ruzakurikirana icyo gikorwa.

Ati "Turashaka ko umwaka utaha umuntu uzajya ugenda akarere kacu aho azajya anyura hose azajya abona ibiti by’imbuto byafashe, ku buryo mu myaka itatu tuzaba dufite imbuto nyinshi zitandukanye."

## Reba
Ibiti bisaga miliyoni 36 bigiye guterwa mu Rwanda

U Rwanda rwiyemeje gutera ibiti miliyoni 36 birimo iby’imbuto ziribwa n’ibivangwa n’imyaka muri uyu mwaka mu kubungabunga ibidukikije binyuze mu kongera ubuso buteyeho amashyamba.

Mu gihe Isi yizihiza ku nshuro ya 47 umunsi mpuzamahanga wo gutera igiti, u Rwanda narwo rwateguye icyumweru cyahariwe gutera ibiti, aho Minisiteri y’Ibidukikije n’Ikigo cy’igihugu gishinzwe amashyamba byamaze gutegura ibigomba gukorwa mu kongera ubuso bw’amashyamba.

## Reba
U Rwanda mu rugamba rwo kugabanya ikoreshwa ry’amakara n’inkwi

Hirya no hino ku Isi abantu barenga miliyari 2,8 baracyateka bakoresheje inkwi n’amakara nk’ingufu zangiza ikirere, zigatiza umurindi iyononwa ry’amashyamba n’imihindagurikire y’ibihe, iyo ugeze mu Rwanda naho usanga iki kibazo kigihari kuko imibare ya Minisiteri y’Ibidukikije igaragaza ko kugeza ubu abakoresha inkwi n’amakara mu guteka mu Rwanda bagera kuri 79,9% bivuze ko bakiri hejuru cyane.

## Ubushakashatsi
Minisiteri y’Ibidukikije igaragaza ko nibura u Rwanda rukeneye asaga miliyari 1,37 y’amadorali kugira ngo rugere ku ntego yo kugabanya ikoreshwa ry’amakara n’inkwi kuva ku kigero cya 85% bariho mu 2019 kugera kuri 42% mu 2030. Ni urugamba Leta y’u Rwanda igaragaza ko igomba gufatanyamo n’abikorera ndetse n’imiryango nterankunga.

Mu rwego rwo guharanira ko abakoresha inkwi n’amakara bagabanuka mu Rwanda, Leta yemeye gushyira nkunganire mu bikorwa bitandukanye by’abakora ibicanwa n’ibikoresho byifashishwa mu gutunganya amafunguro bitangiza ikirere.

## Reba
Ibiza k'umugezi wa congo mu mwaka wa 2021

Ku ya 15 Gashyantare 2021, ubwato bwarohamye mu ruzi rwa Kongo mu ntara ya Mai-Ndombe, hafi ya Kinshasa muri Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo  bwahitanye nibura abantu 60. 

## Ibyabaye
Ubwato buremereye cyane bwarohamye mu masaha ya saa mbiri za mu gitondo hafi y’umudugudu wa Longola Ekoti mu ntara ya Mai-Ndombe .  Ubwato bwagendaga kilometero 700 ku mugezi wa Congo, kuva Kinshasa kugera mu mujyi wa Mbandaka, kandi abantu barenga 700 bari mu bwato. Abantu 300 ni bo barokotse, mu gihe 60 bishwe abandi bagenzi basigaye ntibamenyekanye. 

Minisitiri w’ibikorwa by’ubutabazi Steve Mbikayi Mabuluki yabwiye Al-Jazeera ko impamvu nyamukuru y’iki kibazo ari uko ubwo bwato bwari bufite abagenzi benshi ndetse n’imizigo myinshi mu bwato. Yatangarije itangazamakuru ko "kugenda nijoro nabyo byagize uruhare" - kandi bibujijwe muri DRC . Hagati aho, abaturage bavuga ko ubwato bwakubise urutare. 

Mu minsi yakurikiyeho, Mbikayi yihanganishije imiryango yibasiwe ari nako asaba ibihano amasosiyete atwara abantu yabigizemo uruhare. Perezida Félix Tshisekedi yaje gutangaza ko amakoti y'ubuzima ari itegeko ku bagenzi bose.

Ibirori byahuriranye n’ishyirwaho rya Minisitiri w’intebe mushya Jean-Michel Sama Lukonde . 

## Amashakiro
Ibiti by'imbuto muri Nyaruguru

## Intangiriro

Abatuye mu Tugari twa Gahurizo na Rugerero mu Murenge wa Kivu mu Karere ka Nyaruguru, bavuga ko bifuza ingemwe zihagije z’ibiti by’imbuto kugira ngo babashe kurya indyo iboneye, banasagurire amasoko.

## Ingemwe z’ibiti
Bagaragaje iki cyifuzo ubwo bashyikirizwaga ingemwe z’ibiti zisaga ibihumbi 51, n’Ihuriro ry’amakoperative y’abahinzi buzuzanya (UNICOOPAGI) tariki 24 Mutarama 2023. Ni ingemwe z’ibiti zirimo iz’imbuto zisaga ibihumbi 12 n’iz’ibiti bindi zisaga ibihumbi 39, harimo ibivangwa n’imyaka ndetse n’ibitakiba mu biturage bisigaye muri Nyungwe gusa. Muri byo harimo imisave, imifu, imivumu n’imizibaziba.

## Ingemwe Bifuza

Nk’imizibaziba bayifashisha mu kwivura no kuvura amatungo. Hari n’ibyo bagiye bahitamo kuko bivamo imbaho. Ni abaturage bagiye bihitiramo ibyo bakeneye, umuryango ICRAF na wo ukadufasha guhitamo ibiberanye n’agace bifuza kubihingamo. Ingemwe z’ibiti by’imbuto batahanye ni marakuja n’ibinyomoro bagiye gutera bishimye kuko ngo babyitezeho kuvugurura imibereho, haba ku bw’intungamubiri ndetse n’amafaranga nk’uko babyivugira.

## Amashakiro
Lisansi na mazutu ntibicyigonderwa

Hashize imyaka irenga 10, Leta y’u Rwanda ishyira imbaraga mu kubaka uburyo bwo gutwara abantu buteye imbere, burambye ariko kandi bunubahiriza ingamba zo kurengera ibidukikije, ibintu byatumye hashyirwa imbaraga mu ikoreshwa ry’imodoka na moto bikoresha umuriro w’amashanyarazi mu buryo bwuzuye (full electric) cyangwa izikoresha lisansi n’amashanyarazi (Hybrid).

## Ubushakashatsi
Imibare ya International Growth Center igaragaza ko mu 2020 mu Rwanda hari ibinyabiziga birenga ibihumbi 220, ibigera kuri 52% byari mu cyiciro cya moto mu gihe ibindi bya 38% byari imodoka zitwara abagenzi mu buryo bwa rusange. Ibinyabiziga bigera ku bihumbi 30 muri ibi byose bibarizwa mu Mujyi wa Kigali.

Ubushakashatsi bwasohowe mu 2018 ku ihumanywa ry’ikirere bwagaragaje ko imyuka yanduza ikirere n’umwuka byo muri Kigali ituruka ahanini ku binyabiziga kuko 95,2% by’imodoka zikorera ku butaka bwo mu Rwanda zimaze nibura imyaka 10 zivuye mu ruganda.

Bitewe n’uyu mwuka mubi, ubu bushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko kuva mu 2012 kugera mu 2015, umubare w’abantu bajyanwa kwa muganga bafite indwara z’ubuhumekero wikubye kabiri, ugera ku barenga miliyoni 3,3.

## Ingamba
Mu rwego rwo gukomeza guhangana n’ikibazo cy’imyuka ihumanya ikirere u Rwanda rugenda rushyiraho ingamba na politike zitandukanye. Bumwe mu buryo buri kwifashishwa ni ukwimakaza ikoreshwa ry’imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi.

Ubushakashatsi buzwi nka ‘EV Study4’ bwakozwe ku ikoreshwa ry’ibinyabiziga bikoresha amashanyarazi bwagaragaje ko nibura u Rwanda rukwiriye guhindura 30% bya moto zose zikorera mu gihugu zigatangira gukoresha amashanyarazi. Ibi kandi rugomba kubikora kuri 8% by’imodoka z’abantu ku giti cyabo, 20% bya bisi zikorera mu gihugu ndetse na 25% by’izindi modoka nto zikora ingendo rusange nazo zikazaba zikoresha amashanyarazi.

## Reba
Iruka ry'umusozi wa Vesuvius mu mwaka wa 1631

Ukuboza 1631, umusozi wa Vesuvius mu Ubutaliyani wararutse. Iruka ryatangiye ku ya 16 Ukuboza 1631 rirangira bukeye bwaho.  Igipimo cy’ibirunga cyari VEI-5, kandi ni iruka rya Pliniya ryashyinguye imidugudu myinshi munsi ya maguma yashotse.  Bivugwa ko abantu bari hagati ya 4,000 bahitanywe n’iruka, bikaba byarahitanye abantu benshi biturutse ku ibiza by'ibirunga byabereye mu nyanja ya Mediterane mu myaka 1800 ishize.  Iruka rya 1631 ryafatwaga nk’ibice bito ku bijyanye n'ubunini bwaryo ryaturika kandi rikaba ryarazamutse ugereranije n’iruka rya AD 79, ariko ibyangiritse sibyo. Mu gihe  1631, umusozi wa Vesuvius wari wagabanutseho metero 450, bigatuma uburebure bwacyo bwose buri munsi y’umusozi wa Somma . 

## Reba kandi

* Umusozi wa Vesuvius
* AD 79 Iruka ry'umusozi wa Vesuvius

## Amashakiro
Ishyamba muri Nyaruguru

## Intangiriro

Abatuye mu Karere ka Nyaruguru bagiye basazurirwa amashyamba yatewe mu myaka ya 1970, barishimira inkunga batewe, by’akarusho bakanabihabwa akazi muri ibyo bikorwa kabahesheje amafaranga yo kwikenuza.

## Amashyamba ya kera

ni umwe mu bagize amahirwe yo gutererwa ishyamba ry’inturusu bundi bushya, mu gikorwa cy’Akarere ka Nyaruguru cyo kuvugurura amashyamba ya Leta, n’ay’abaturage byegeranye, Ishyamba bansazuriye ryari rimaze igihe kirekire kuko ryatewe muri za 73, Ryari rishaje ku buryo ritari ricyera neza. Nagombye kuba nararisazuye ku giti cyanjye, ariko byansabaga amafaranga menshi kandi n’abana baba bakeneye amafaranga y’ishuri.

## Ibindi
Amashyamba asigaye akaba ayo gushaka ibikoresho byifashihwa, urugero nk’ingemwe mu gusazura amashyamba, Muri rusange kandi amashyamba asigaye gusarurwa ari kuri hegitari zibarirwa mu bihumbi bibiri.

## Amashakiro
Ishyamba ry’ibisi bya Huye

## Intangiriro
Kuba ishyamba rya Leta ry’ibisi bya Huye rikomeje kwangirika byatumye inama y’umutekano yaguye y’akarere ka Nyamagabe yongera gusaba ubufatanye bw’abaturage n’ubuyobozi kugira ngo iri yangizwa rihagarare.

## Aho riri
Ubusanzwe ishyamba ry’ibisi bya Huye ribarizwa mu turere dutatu aritwo Nyamagabe, Nyaruguru na Huye. Iyo misozi irenga niyo Ibisi bya Huye biriho amashyamba ya Leta yangizwa ku ruhande rwa Nyamagabe.

## Ishyamba
Hashize igihe kirenga umwaka ishyamba ry’ibisi bya Huye ryangizwa ku buryo bukomeye, aho abantu bazwi ku izina ry’ibihazi batemamo ibiti, bagatwikiramo amakara, hakiyongeraho n’ibikorwa by’urugomo bakorera umuntu wese ushaka kubabuza.

## Amashakiro
Iruka rya Keanakakoi

**Iruka rya Keanakakoi** ryabaye iruka rya VEI -4 ryabaye mu mpinga ya Caldera y’ikirunga cya Kīlauea mu Gushyingo 1790.   Byasobanuwe ko iruka ry’ibirunga ryahitanye abantu benshi muri iki gihe muri Amerika, hamwe n’abarenga 400 bishwe muri iryo ruka.   Iruka ryasize ivu rya Keanakakoi rikikije Kīlauea Caldera. 

Ibyiciro bitatu by'iturika bisobanura kuruka kwa Keanakakoi, byose byatandukanijwe nuburozi butuje. Icyiciro cya mbere cyari phreatomagmatique, kandi cyarimo no gushira ivu ry'ibirunga ryiza cyane, riryamye neza. Strombolian -style scoria igwa yajyanye hamwe nivu rya phreatomagmatic risa nkiryicyiciro cya mbere yashyizwe mugice cya kabiri. Icyiciro cya gatatu nicyanyuma byari phreatic kandi byabyaye pyroclastique igwa hamwe nububiko bwa surge . 

## Reba kandi

* 1790 Ibirenge

## Amashakiro
Ubuhinzi bw'ibijumba

## Intangiriro
Abahinzi b’ibijumba bya kijyambere bifite imbere hafite ibara rya ‘orange’ bikungahaye kuri vitamine A, bavuga ko ibyo bijumba bikunzwe ndetse ko batangiye kubibonera n’amasoko ku buryo babyitezeho ubukire.

## KOTEMU

Ibyo ni ibitangazwa n’abahinzi babyo bo mu karere ka Rulindo, bibumbiye muri koperative yitwa KOTEMU ikorera mu murenge wa Bushoki, bakaba bamaze igihe babihinga ariko bibagora kubona imbuto. Gusa ubu ngo byarakemutse babifashijwemo n’Ikigo cy’igihugu cyita ku buhinzi (RAB) ndetse n’Ikigo mpuzamahanga cyita ku bijumba (CIP).

## Imbuto

Imbuto z’ibijumba bahinga ziratandukanye, harimo iyitwa Gihingumukungu, Terimbere, Vita, Ukerewe ndetse n’inshyashya nka Kabode, Mafuta na Kakamega, bakaba bazituburira mu tuzu twabugenewe (Net tunnels) mbere yo kuzihinga mu mirima isanzwe.

## Amashyakiro
Iruka rya Akahoya

**Iruka rya Akahoya** ni ryo rikomeye ryamenyekanye cyane mu birunga bya Kikai Caldera i Kyūshū, mu Ubuyapani . Yasohoye meterokibe 150 (36 cu mi) y'ibikoresho by'ibirunga, ukabiha urutonde rw'ibirunga biturika bya 7. 

## Gusubiramo amatariki
Ubucukuzi bw'amatariki bwanditswe ko kuva ku myaka yaza 7.300  mugihe cyambere cy'igihe cya Jōmon,  ariko nanone yari yarakosowe na radiocarubone yanditswe nko mu myaka yaza 6.500  .  Kugeza ubu byemewe ko hashirwaho itariki kuva ahandi hantu henshi mu imyaka yaza7.200 kugeza 7.300 ishize.   

## Ingaruka
Uku guturika kwagize uruhare mu iherezo ry’umuco wa mbere wa Jōmon mu majyepfo ya Kyūshū nubwo ingaruka, zashyizweho ikimenyetso, kitari kinini nkuko bamwe babisobanuye babivuze hamwe n’umuco wo kubumba wo mu bwoko bwa Nishinozono, wari watangiye kubungabungwa mbere na nyuma yo guturika. i Kyūshū.  Byatwaye hafi imyaka 1000 yo gukira.  Jōmon wari utuye kure yarokokeye nko mu majyaruguru ya Kyūshū, Honshū na Hokkaidō ariko birashoboka ko byabaye ngombwa ko asubira mu gihe runaka yerekeza ku biribwa byo mu nyanja ahanini. 

Iherezo ry’umuco wa mbere wa Jōmon mu majyepfo ya Kyūshū ntaho rihuriye n’irimbuka ry’umuco wa Minoan, ushobora kuba wararangiye bitewe n’ikindi kirunga kinini.

Icyakora, ibyo bintu byabaye biha cyane imigenzo y'umuco gukomeza inkuru z'umuco washizweho uzimangana vuba na bwangu, kubera ko bizwi ko byabayeho mumateka yabantu ( Holocene ), mubice bibiri bitandukanye byisi. Ibirori birasaba kandi ubushakashatsi bwimbitse ku ngaruka z’ibikorwa by’ibirunga ku iterambere ry’umuco w’abantu. 

## Amashakiro
Igishanga cy’Akanyaru

## Intangiriro

Igishanga cy’Akanyaru kizwi nk'igishanga cy’Akagera ni igishanga kiri kumugezi w'akanyaru mu Akarere ka Gisagara aho abaturage bacyishimiye, Iki kibaya cy’Akanyaru gifite ubuso bwa 4 200Ha hakaba hakorereamo imirimo itandukanye  

## Ibikorwa bibera muKanyaru
Iki kibaya haberamo imirimo itandukanye :

* harimo imirimo y'ingufu z'amashanyarazi, harimo uruganda ruzabyaza amashanyarazi ya 80MW akomoka kuri nyiramugengeri .
* Harimo ikindi gice gikorerwamo ubuhinzi aho bahinganga ibijumba ariko mbere hakaba harahingwaga umuceri n’ibigori nk’ibihingwa byatoranyijwe, aho igihingwa cy’ibijumba cyari kimaze kuba ingume mu Karere kose ndetse n’ahandi henshi mu Ntara y’Amajyepfo.

## Amashakiro