open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Finding Hillywood

***Finding Hillywood*** ni film mbarankuru yakozwe muri 2013 yerekana gukura kwa firime  mu Rwanda (ubu zizwi cyane nka Hillywood). 

## Inyandiko
Iyifilime yereka abayireba mwitangiriro ryurunganda rwa firime mu Rwanda,  abanyamuryango bingenzi ba Hillywood nka Ayuub Kasasa Mago, na Eric Kabera .  hamwe ningaruka zabyo ku Rwanda. 

## Ibihembo

* Inyandiko Nziza, Imvura Yigenga ya Fest Fest (2014) 
* Igihembo cy'abumva, Iserukiramuco rya Filime rya Napa (2013) 
* Igihembo cya Critic mu iserukiramuco rya documentaire rya Sebastopol 
* Filime nziza ya Pasifika y'Amajyaruguru, Eugene International Film Fest (2013) 
* Ibyiza Byiza-Hagati, Doc ya Montreal Yumukino wa Fest (2013) 
* Igihembo cya 3, Iserukiramuco ry'uburenganzira bwa muntu muri Afuganisitani (2013) 

## Iminsi mikuru

* 2013: Iserukiramuco mpuzamahanga rya sinema rya Seattle 
* 2013: Iserukiramuco mpuzamahanga rya firime rya Bahamas 
* 2014: Iserukiramuco rya FilmAid

## Reba
Family Meeting (film)

***Family Meeting*** nifilm yakorewe muri Kenya mumwaka wa 2019 yakozwe na Betty Kathungu Furet kandi yanditswe inayoborwa na Simiyu Barasa. Iyifilime yamenyekanye cyane muri Kenya nyuma yuko abayikora binjije neza ingengo yimari binyuze kuri Facebook .  

## Inyandiko
Jesse ( Gitura Kamau ), Moses (Abubakar Muindi) n'umukunzi we Alison ( Maureen Koech ) na Barbara (Akinyi Aluoch) bahurira murugo rwababyeyi babo ( Raymond Ofula & Florence Nduta), kwizihiza isabukuru yabo yimyaka 40 bamaze babana ariko ibirori bihinduka umukino wo kurwana wabavandimwe. Amabanga namabanga atavugwa akangisha gusenya umuryango wigeze kwishima. 

## Reba
Foreigner's God

***Foreigner's God*** ni filime yikinamico yomuri Nigeriya 2019 yakozwe na Kelechi Freeman Ukadike ikayoborwa na Ifan Ifeanyi Michael binyuze kuri  Ifan Micheal Productions.  ​​​​Ibyamamare mugukina firime Henry Coxe, Ini Dima-Okojie, Toni Tones, Pete Edochie, Nkem Owoh, Bamike Olawunmi, Tope Adenibuyan (Teddy A), Eucharia Anunobi, Sam Dede, Toyin Abraham, Salma Mumin, among others​​​​​​  

## Inyandiko
Umufotozi wicyongereza wamafoto yaje muri Igboland mugihe cyabakoloni ashakisha inkuru. Umurinziwe yaburiwirengero nyumayaje gukundana n’umugore uregwa ubupfumu, utuyemu nkambi y’abapfumu yitaruye mumashyamba mubihe bibi, bikavamo ingaruka zikomeye.   

## Abakinnyi

* Stanley Evans MBE
* Henri Coxe
* Ini Dima-Okojie
* Toni
* Bamike Olawunmi (Bambam)
* Tope Teddy Adenibuyan (Teddy A)
* Pete Edochie
* Nkem Owoh
* Sam Dede
* Eucharia Anunobi
* Toyin Abraham
* Lala Akindoju
* Kunle Idowu
* Sharon Ooja
* Linda Osifo
* Yinka Pierce-Tijani
* Annie Idibia   

## Umusaruro no kurekurwa
Iyi filime yakozwe mumwaka wa 2019 igurwa na Amazon Prime Video mu 

## Reba
The First Lady (film)

***The First Lady*** ni filime yomuri Nigeriya yakozwe muri 2015  iyobowe na Omoni Oboli . 

## Umugambi
Indaya, irambiwe akazikora, igakoribishoboka byosengo ihagarare kandi ireba umugabo kugirango imukize ibibazo.  

## Abakinnyi

* Omoni Oboli nka Michelle
* Chinedu Ikedieze nka Kenechi Nto
* Yozefu Benyamini nka Kenechi
* Alexx Ekubo nka Obama
* Yvonne Jegede nka Sandra
* Udoka Oyeka nka Michael
* Anthony Monjaro nk'igikomangoma

## Reba

## Ihuza ryo hanze

* The First Lady at IMDb
Behind This Convent

***Behind This Conventt*** nifilime mbarankuru ya jenoside yo mu Rwanda yakozwe muri 2008 yayobowe na Gilbert Ndahayo. Yerekanwe bwambere mu iserukiramuco rya Filime rya 28 rya Verona .  

## Inyandiko
Kwitariki 10 Mata 1994, mumujyi muto wa Astrida mu Rwanda, Génocidaires yageze mu kigo cy'ababikira. Barasahura bafata bugwate kumuhanda.bafata abatutsi 200 barabicira mu gikari  cyababikira.  Agaruka murugo afite imyaka 13, Ndahayo yavumbuye imirambo y’umuryango weku mwobo urimu gikari cye.  

## Ibihembo

* Igihembo cya Verona kubera Filime Nziza Nyafurika  
* Ishimwe rya Signis kuri documentaire nziza nyafurika muri Zanzibar International Film Festival (2008)  

## Reba
Finding Mercy

***Find Mercy***  ni filime yikinamico yomuri Nigeriya 2013 yakozwe kandi iyobowe na Desmond Elliot, ikinwamo na Rita Dominic, Blossom Chukwujekwu, Uti Nwachukwu na Chioma Chukwuka .  

## Abakinnyi

* Rita Dominic nka Kassy
* Uti Nwachukwu nka Rogers
* Chioma Chukwuka-Akpotha nka Rita
* Blossom Chukwujekwu nka Jato
* Tamara Eteimo nka Ifeoma
* Desmond Elliot nka Daniel Olatunji
* Abiola Segun-Williams nka Angela
* Oyundamola Lampejo nkimbabazi
* Dabota Lawson nka Thelma
* Kwizera Bungie
* Elsie Eluwa
* Cindy Haceenatu Massaquoi
* Yoko-Ono Manowe

## Kwakira
Nollywood Reinvented yayihaye 56%, ishimumusaruro wayo kandi ikayobora. Isubiramo yasanze film ishimishije nubwo film yibanze kubibazo byubuzima bwa buri munsi.  Efe Doghudje wa 360Nobs yayihaye amanota 5 kuri 10 yinyenyeri. Yamaganaga imyambarire idahagije bivuzeko nubwo abakinnyi bakomeye, abantu batavugwagaho. 

## Reba kandi

* Urutonde rwa firime zo muri Nigeriya za 2013

## Reba
El Icha

***El Icha*** (Ubuzima) nifilm yakozwe muri 2010 yo muri Tuniziya.

## Inyandiko
Havet numugore wo muri tuniziya wimyaka hafi mirongo ine.akaba umupfakazi kandi afite yari afite umuhungu w'imyaka makumyabiri wimukiye muri Canada . Yabanaga na nyina mu gace k'abakozi bakora muri Tuniziya kandi akora akazi kogucuruza itumanaho rya sosiyete yabafaransa yashyizwe muri Tuniziya. Buri gitondo, aragenda kukazi, akarohama cyane muri gahunda yoguhumeka. Murugo, ubuzima bwe ni bumwe kandi nta nyungu.

## Ibihembo

* Ibirori de Cine Mediterráneo de Tetuán 2010

## Ihuza ryo hanze
Fincho

***Fincho*** ni filime yomuri Nijeriya yomu 1957 yakozwe na Sam Zebba, na filime yambere yomuri Nijeriya amashusho yafashwe mwibara . Iyi filime ivuga ku buryo bw'inyangamugayo zagerageje kumvikanisha inganda zazanywe muri Nijeriya n'abakoloni b'Abanyaburayi, ubushyamirane buri hagati y'imigenzo n'udushya, ndetse no gukomeretsa imashini ku mirimo gakondo. 

Nk’uko Zebba yiyise ubwe yandika kubuzimabwe, iyi filime yafashwe n’abakinnyi batari abanyamwuga bo muri Nijeriya, ndetse n’ibiganiro bya Pidgin byiswe n’abanyeshuri bo muri Nijeriya muri kaminuza ya Californiya, Los Angeles . Uyu muyobozi yavuganye n'umuririmbyi Harry Belafonte, wemera gufata amajwi y'iyi filime. Amanota yanditswe na Alexander Laszlo, harimo insanganyamatsiko *ya Fincho Indirimbo* - Zebba yanditse, hanyuma aririmba aherekejwe n'itsinda rito rya Mexico. 

## Reba

## Ihuza ryo hanze

* Finco kuri ColonialFilm.org.uk
* Fincho
Emitaï

***Emitaï*** ( [ ɛ.mi.ta.i ], izina ryimana ya Diola) ni film yinkinamico yakozwe muri 1971 yomuri Senegali iyobowe na Ousmane Sembène . 

## Umugambi
Mu Ntambara ya Kabiri y'Isi Yose, guverinoma ya Vichy yatoranyije abagabo baba koloni bo mubufaransa. Imyivumbagatanyo yatangiriye mumudugudu wa Diola aho abagore bahisha umusaruro wumuceri aho gutanga umusoro wubufaransa. Abayobozi ba Diola bungurana ibitekerezo ku gisubizo cyiza kuri politiki yabafaransa ikarishye, kandi ibintu birihutirwa iyabafaransa ningabo zabo zabakoloni barasa ku barwanyi ba Diola. Diola igerageza kugisha inama imana zabo, harimo na Emitaï, guhangana nabafaransa biriyongera. Bidatinze, ibyapa bya Charles de Gaulle bisimbuza ibyapa bya Marshal Pétain wa Vichy, byerekana impinduka zingana zubutegetsi muri Afurika y’iburengerazuba bw’Ubufaransa . Irihinduka rya politiki ritunguranye, ariko, ntabwo rihindura ukibintu bimeze kurwego rwumudugudu, kandi amaherezo ingabo zabakoloni zakoze ubwicanyi bwabagabo ba Diola. 

## Abakinnyi

* Mbissine Thérèse Diop
* Andongo Diabon
* Michel Renaudeau nka Liyetona
* Robert Fontaine nk'umuyobozi
* Ousmane Camara
* Ibou Camara
* Abdoulaye Diallo
* Alphonse Diatta
* Pierre Blanchard nka Coloneli
* Cherif Tamba
* Fode Cambay
* Etienne Mané
* Joseph Diatta
* Dji Niassabaron
* Antio Bassene

## Umutwe
*Emitai* yahawe izina ryayo kumana yomuri Senegal, "uhagarariye igice kiva mucyiciro kimwe cyubuzima kijya mu gishya kandi cyiza". 

## Kurekura
*Emitai* yasohotse muri Senegali muwi 1971,  nmu 1972 muri Amerika.  Yagenzuwe imyaka itanu muri Afrika ivuga Igifaransa.  Filime yinjiye mu iserukiramuco mpuzamahanga rya 7 rya Moscou aho yatsindiye igihembo cya silver. 

## Kwakira
Mugitabo cye*cyitwa Family Guide to Film on Video*, Henry Herx yanditse ko "inkuru nyinshi zivugwa gusa binyuze mumashusho yerekana, aya mashusho ni imbaraga zikomeye za filime". 

## Reba kandi

* Sinema ya Senegali
* Abanyasenegali Tirailleurs

## Reba

## Ihuza ryo hanze

* Emitaï at IMDb
En attendant les hommes

***En attendant les hommes*** (" *Gutegereza Abagabo* ") ni film mbarankuru yomuri 2007 yakozwe na Katy Léna N'diaye ivuga kubagore bashushanya amashusho muri Oualata, muri Mauritania . Muruyu mujyi uriku nkombe yakure y'ubutayu bwa Sahara, abagore batatu bakora imyitozo gakondo kunkuta zumujyi.   

## Umugambi
Oualata numujyi muto wa oasis muburasirazuba bwakure bw'ubutayu bwa Moritani. Muriki kirwa, inkuta zidasanzwe zirwanya umusenyi, abategarugori batatu basize amarangi bashushanya inkuta zitukura hamwe n’ibishushanyo muri sosiyete bigaragara koyiganjemo imigenzo, amadini nabagabo, kandi bavuga mubwisanzure kumibonano mpuzabitsina. 

## Reba

## Ihuza ryo hanze

*  Excerpt from the film.
L'enfant Roi

***L'enfant Roi*** ni film ngufi yakozwe muri 2009.

## Inyandiko
Kera muri Afurika, umudugudu witwa Nidiobina washenywe numuriro. Babiri mubari bayituye Foudi Mamaya numugore we bahatiwe kuva mu mudugudu wabo bashaka ibiryo basiga umuhungu wabo w'ikinege, Bouba, barerwa na sekuru Wali. Wali yigisha umwuzukuru we uburyo bwo kuba umugabo, Bouba aba umunyeshuri ufite impano.

## Ibihembo

* Jornadas del Cine Europeo de Túnez 2008

## Ihuza ryo hanze
La Femme Anjola

***La Femme Anjola*** ni filime 2021 yanditswe na Tunde Babalola iyoborwa na Mildred Okwo . Ni firime noir psychologue yerekana Rita Dominic na Nonso Bassey .   Yasohotse muri sinema ku ya 19 Werurwe 2021. 

## Inyandiko
*La Femme Anjola* azenguruka umunyamigabane wakundanye numugore udasanzwe.  Anjola yashakanye numugiziwanabi ufite club ya nijoro ahwakora ibitaramo bya Live. 

## Abakinnyi

* Rita Dominic nka Anjola
* Nonso Bassey nka Dejare
* Urwenya Silva
* Femi Jacobs nka Kolapo
* Aderounmu Adejumoke nka Adanna
* Ego Boyo nka Yejide Johnson
* Bassey Ekpeyong nka Biggie
* Uzor Osimkpa
* Paul Adams nka Danladi
* Joseph Momodu nka Okilo
* Shawn Faqua nka Tayo Kalajaye
* Michelle Dede
* Mumbi Maina nka Thabisa
* Soso Soberekon nka Timipre Otobo

## Umusaruro no kurekurwa
Ababatatu ba Mildred Okwo, Tunde Babalola na Rita Dominic bongeye guhurira muruyumusaruro kuva hasohoka filime yabo 2012, *Inama* .

Bivugwako iyi filime yakuwemuri Sinema ya  Nijeriya kugirango ikore filime *Umuhanuzikazi.* Mu kiganiro yagiranye n’ibinyamakuru The Cable, umuyobozi Okwo  iki gikorwa cyatewe no kwiharira inganda za firime zo muri Nijeriya.  Yavuze ko isosiyete imwe ya sinema yakuyeho filime ye *Surulere ya 2015,* mubihe bitavugwaho rumwe. Imyitwarire yarubanda nyumayokuvaho yemeje ko Okwo yafashe icyemezo, maze avuga ko ateganya kujya ku murongo wa interineti binyuze ku mbuga za interineti za interineti ndetse na serivisi zitanga amakuru. &#x5B; ** &#x5D;

## Gutanga ibihembo

## Reba

## Ihuza ryo hanze

* La Femme Anjola at IMDb
L'Esprit de Mopti

***L'Esprit de Mopti*** ni filime mbarankuru yo muwi 1999 ivuga kumujyi wa Mopti, muri Mali, yayobowe na Moussa Ouane.

## Inyandiko
Muri Mali rwagati, ahobutayu nu bwatsi buto bihurira, hari Mopti, umujyi ukomeye w’abayisilamu n’]amasangano yubucuruzi ku ruzi rwa Niger . Buri wa kane, abacuruzi bo mu moko atandukanye bahurira ku isoko. Indimi zose zivugwa muri Mali zikoreshwa muri Mopti aho guhinduranya biganje ukurikije imigenzo yakera. Ngiyo "umwuka wa Mopti", ugizwe no kwihanganirana, gusetsa, kubaha undi, guhana nogucuruza. Iyi filime mbarirano isobanura uyu mwuka binyuze mubantu batanu bahagarariye: Dogon, Bozo, umushumba wa Fulani, umworozi wa Tuareg, na Bella umuhungu wumujyi na carter.  

## Ibihembo

* 2000 Igihembo cya Golden Dhow mu cyiciro cya videwo mu iserukiramuco ry’ibihugu bya Dhow (Iserukiramuco mpuzamahanga rya Zanzibar). 
* Vues d'Afrique Montréal 2000
* FESPACO 2001

## Reba

## Ihuza ryo hanze
L'esprit de Mopti at IMDb
False Flag (film)

**False Flag** ni firime ya Nigeriya 2017 yakozwe kandi iyobowe na Allwell Ademola. 

## Umugambi
Umugabo wanzekurushinga, nyumagasanga urukundo kumugore wanduye virusi itera SIDA. Umuryango wumugabo ntabwo wishimiye umubano kandi barashaka ko ahagarika umubano.   

## Abakinnyi

* Gabriel Afolayan
* Aisha Amategeko
* Wumi Toriola
* Allwell Ademola

## Gutanga ibihembo

## Reba
Guilty Pleasures (2009 film)

***Guilty Pleasures*** ni filime yikinamico yomuri Nigeriya 2009 iyobowe na Desmond Elliot na Daniel Ademinokan, yakinnye na Ramsey Nouah, Majid Michel na Nse Ikpe Etim .  Yatowenk'umukino *mwiza wa Sinema* mubihembo bya 6 bya Afurika Movie Academy Awards .

## Abakinnyi

* Ramsey Nouah nka Terso 
* Majid Michel nka Bobby
* Nse Ikpe Etim nka Liz
* Impuhwe Johnson nka Boma
* Omoni Oboli nka Nse
* Desmond Elliot nka Mr Okoro
* Rukky Sanda nka Chidinma
* Beverly Naya nka Bella
* Temisan Etsede nkumufatanyabikorwa wubucuruzi
* Ibiwari Etuk nka Tosan
* Esther Eyibio nka Efe
* Paul Frank nka Oriaifo
* Robert Loner nka Kenechi
* Archie Sam nka Lucas

## Kwakira
Nollywood Reinvented yayihaye amanota 3 kuri 5 yinyenyeri, ashimira abakinnyi ba filime kandi avuga ko uyu mugambi ufite ibintu bikomokaho ndetse numwimerere.  Joy Isi Bewaji womuri *Nijeriya Imyidagaduro Uyumunsi* yashimye ibisobanuro by’uruhare rw’abakinnyi bakomeye kandi avuga ko uyu mugambi ari "uguhishurwa muburyo bwihishe". 

## Reba kandi

* Urutonde rwa firime zo muri Nigeriya zo muri 2009

## Reba
Estas são as armas

***Estas são as armas***, *Izi nimbunda*, ni film mbarankuru yomuri Mozambike yakozwe muwi 1978.  

Yarashwe nitsinda ryabanyeshuri bomu kigo cyigihugu cya sinema (INC) iyobowe na Murilo Salles na Luís Bernardo Honwana, ifi filime mbarirano *Izi nizo mbunda* zerekana amashusho yingabo za Rodeya zateye muri Repubulika yabaturage ya Mozambike . Muwi 1977, iyifirime yatangiriye i Maputo yerekeza mu ntara ya Tete gufata amashusho yibyangijwe nigitero cy’indege mu cyaro.

## Reba
The Guest (2017 film)

***The Guest*** ni filime yomuri Nigeriya 2017 yakozwe kandiyanditswe na Foluke Olaniyi kandi iyobowe na Christian Olayinka.  

## Umugambi
Filime itangibisobanuro byukuntu abashakanye bishimiye ubukwebwabo bwiza kugezigihe inshuti yumudamu yirukanywe mubwongereza. Yabanyenabo kandi atezurugo rwabo mukuryamana nuwo mugabo.  

## Abakinnyi

* Rita Dominic
* Femi Jacobs
* Somkele Iyamah
* Chika Chukwu

## Reba
Grey Dawn (film)

***Gray Dawn*** ni Gana yomuri 2015 - Filime yikinamico yomuri Nigeriya, yakozwe hamwe na Shirley Frimpong-Manso . Irimo Bimbo Manuel, Funlola Aofiyebi-Raimi, Sika Osei na Marlon Mave. Iyi filime yibanze kubibazo bikomeye bijyanye n’abinjira n’abinjira, politiki, n’imibereho ya sosiyete mu rwegorwa Gana, byerekana uburinganire hagati y’ibibazo by’umuntu kugiti cyen’ibibazo by’imibereho.   

## Umugambi
Iyinkuru ikurikira minisitiri wa guverinoma ya Gana, Bimbo Manuel, umwugawe wa politiki ukaba wugarijwe na sebukwe, umwimukira utemewe n'amategeko, ahura n’ukoherezwa. Mugihe minisitiri ahanganyeno gukomezakuba inyangamugayo muri politiki arinako akomeza umubanowe mu muryango, agwa murugamba rw’imyitwarire n’amarangamutima. Ibisobanuro bivanaho insanganyamatsiko yubudahemuka, indangamuntu, nigiciro cyo kwifuza muri Gana ya none.

## Abakinnyi

* Bimbo Manuel nka Minisitiri
* Funlola Aofiyebi-Raimi nka Jessica Davies
* Sika Osei nka Flora Davies
* Marlon Mave nka Jacques Julien Diouf
* Kofi Middleton Mends nka Kweku Yanka
* Ambrose Amexo nka Eiifi
* Salomey Akromah nka Esi
* Dorothy C. Adjei nka Mona
* Irene Asamoah Siaw nka Sally
* Lyn Ethel Bentil nka Doreen
* Benjamin A. Mills nkumunyamakuru
* Derek W. Johnson nkumusomyi wamakuru 1
* Elsie Srodah nkumusomyi wamakuru 2
* Fred Kanebi nkumusomyi wamakuru 3
* Moesha Babiinoti Boduong nka Betty
* Benjamin IKA nka Sam Ampofo

## Reba

## Ihuza ryo hanze
Grey Dawn trailer on YouTube
The Green Eyed

***Green Eyed*** ni film yikinamico yomuri Nigeriya 2015, iyobowe na Blessing O. Uduefe. yakinywe na  Nse Ikpe Etim, Kalu Ikeagwu, Tamara Eteimo na Blossom Chukwujekwu .    amashusho yafatiwe muri Port Harcourt .  

## Abakinnyi

* Nse Ikpe Etim nka Roli
* Kalu Ikeagwu nka Michael
* Tamara Eteimo nka Juliet
* Uche Ajie nkumukozi
* Phil Isibor nka Uyota
* Joe Aniele nka Joel
* Emios Ossai nkumusazi
* Tonia Nwosu nka Elizabeti
* Felix Benjamin nka Senateri
* Endy Abanonkhua nka Ofure
* Blossom Chukwujekwu nka Gbubemi
* Fedora Abanonkhua nka Vanessa

## Reba

## Ihuza ryo hanze

* The Green Eyed trailer on YouTube
A Great Day (film)

***A Great Day*** ni film ngufi ya Nigeriya 2015 yanditswe, yakozwe, kandi iyobowe na James Abinibi. Filime yerekanicyemezo cyubuzima bwumuntu ushaka akazi kandi inagaragaramo Whochay Nnadi, Kenny Solomon na Crystabel Goddy.  

## Inyandiko
Filime irazenguruka kumusore wahamagawe kubazwa. Murugendo, ahuranubwoko butandukanye bwibibazo byamutera gusubira inyuma arikoyariyemeje kandi akomezurugendo. 

## Premiere
Iyi filime yerekanwe bwambere muri Sinema ya  Leisure Mall, Adeniran Ogunsanya i Surulere, i Lagos muri Nijeriya ku ya 27 Ugushyingo 2015. Imurikagurisha ryitabiriwe n’ibyamamare birimo Funky Mallam, Shola Animashaun, Doris Simeon, Emmanuel Ilemobayo, Bunmi Davies n'abandi 

## Abakinnyi

* Nnadi,
* Kenny Solomon,
* Crystabel Goddy,
* Emmanuel Ilemobayo na
* Cute Kiman

## Reba
Gone (2021 film)

***Gone*** ni film ya 2021 yomuri Nigeriya amarangamutima kandi yikinamico yanditswe kandi iyobowe na Daniel Ademinokan . Yakozwe na Joy Odiete na Daniel Ademinokan hamwe na Asurf Oluseyi hamwe na producer wumurongo munsi yisosiyete ikora nogukwirakwiza Stidiyo ya Blue Pictures ifatanije na Index Two Studios.    Muri firime hagaragaramo Ada Ameh, Sam Dede, Bimbo Manuel, Bimbo Ademoye na Emma Oh Mana yanjye.  

## Inyandiko
Bikurikiranye ninkuru yumusore usizumugorewe utwite ashakisha ubuzima bwiza mumujyi wa New York. Yatawe muri yombi mu gatsiko k'abantu maze akatirwa igifungo cy'imyaka makumyabiri n'itanu. Yagarutse muri Nijeriya nyuma yo gufungwa, asanga umugorewe yarongeyegushaka. 

## Abakinnyi

* Sam Dede nka Ani
* Stella Damasus nka Ngozi
* Gbenga Titiloye nka Philip
* Gabriel Afolayan nka Ayochukwu
* Bimbo Ademoye nka Anu
* Sophie Alakija s Zainab
* Emma Mana yanjye Mana nka Femi
* Moses Akerele nka Tope
* Adebayo Davies nka Briggs
* James Jibunma nka Ogaga
* Nobert Young nka Okwi
* Aderounmu Adejumoke .  nka Clara
Reloaded (2009 film)

***Reloaded*** ni filime yikinamico yomuri Nigeriya yomu 2009 iyobowe na Lancelot Oduwa Imasuen & Ikechukwu Onyeka, yakinwe na Ramsey Nouah, Rita Dominic, Desmond Elliot, Stephanie Okereke, Ini Edo na Nse Ikpe Etim .   Yakiriye nomination 3 mubihembo bya 5 bya Afrika Movie Academy Awards . 

## Abakinnyi

* Ramsey Nouah nka Femi
* Desmond Elliot nka Osita
* Rita Dominic nka Chelsea
* Stephanie Okereke nka Weyinmi
* Ini Edo nka Tayo
* Van Vicker nka Bube
* Uche Jombo nka Tracy
* Nse Ikpe Etim nka Omoze
* Monalisa Chinda nka Abbey
* Enyinna Nwigwe nka Edwin
* Mbong Amata (née Odungide) nka Nira
* Temisan Isioma Etsede nka Otis
* Emeka Duru nka Gaburiyeli
* Umuganwakazi ntare Anazodo nka Mama wa Bube
* Ahmed Aitity nka Shola
* Martha Iwoo nka Ifeyinwa
* Ikechukwu Onyeka nka Muganga

## Kwakira
Nollywood Reinvented yayihaye amanota 3 kuri 5 yinyenyeri. Isubiramo yavuze ko nubwo amaze kubona filime inshuronyinshi, atigerarambirwa.  *NollywoodForever* yayihaye amanota 93%. Isubiramo yashimye uko filime igenda igenda, kandiyishimira kubyina birangiye. 

## Reba kandi

* Urutonde rwa firime zo muri Nigeriya zo muri 2009

## Reba
The Captain of Nakara

***The Captain of Nakara*** ni filme iri mu bwoko bwa filme z'urwenya (comedy film) yo muri Kenya yakozwe mu mwaka wa 2012. Ni Filme yakomotse ku mukino wo mu budage witwa *[[:en:The_Captain_of_Köpenick_(play)|The Captain of Köpenick]]* wanditswe na Carl Zuckmayer, ifi filme ubwayo ishingiye ku nkuru y'ubuzima bwa Wilhelm Voigt, umugizi wa nabi w'igihe gito wigaragaje nka *Hauptmann (Kapiteni)* i Berlin mu 1906. 

## Inkuru ya Filme
Umugizi wa nabi w'igihe gito Muntu (Bernard Safari) yarekuwe muri gereza yo mu gihugu cyahimbwe Nakara  cyo muri Afurika. Nyuma y'igihe gito, akunda umukobwa w'umuvugabutumwa gusa yanga kumubwira ubuzima bubi yanyuzemo ahubwo yigira nkaho ari umucuruzi ukomeye akajya yitwara nka nyiri isoko. Kubera ruswa yiganje cyane muri kariya gace, ukuri kwe gutuma ibinyoma bye bibe impamo. Mu myambaro ya gisirikare yibye, Muntu yigira "Kapiteni wa Nakara" kandi arengera neza uburenganzira bwe n'ibyishimo, bimuganisha ku mpinduka zitari kuri we wenyine, ahubwo no ku gihugu cyose amaherezo atsindira kuba perezida wa Kwetu!

## Abakinnyi

* Bernard Safari nka Muntu
* Shirleen Wangari nka Muna
* Charles Kiarie nkicyumweru
* Charles Bukeko nka Jenerali Lumumba
* Patrick Oketch nka Kapiteni
* Joel Otukho nka Ballad Monger
* Lucy Wangui Gichomo nk'umukozi wa Leta
* Efurayimu Muriithi nk'uruzitiro
* Evans Muthini nka Gereza
* Anne Njathi nka Waguyu
* Veronica Waceke nkumufasha wububiko
* Jim Were nka nyiri Kiosk
* Joseph Olita  (atemerewe) nka sebukwe wa Muntu 

## Ibihembo yahataniye
Iyi filime yahatanye mu bihembo bya Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA) byo muri 2012 yari mu kiciro cya **Achievement in Costume Design**.

The Captain of Nakara kandi yahatanye mu marushanwa ya Free Spirit muri Warsaw film Festival yo mu 2012

Nyuma y'umwaka muri 2013, iyi filime yahatanye mu iserukiramuco rya Filime na Televiziyo bya Pan African Ouagadougou (FESPACO) mu cyiciro **cy’amarushanwa ya Digital Video Fiction** . Icyiciro cyari gifite abantu 17 batoranijwe baturutse muri Afurika. Niyo nomination yonyine yaturutse muri Kenya muri iki cyiciro.

## Amashakiro

## Ihuza ryo hanze

* The Captain of Nakara at IMDb
* The Captain of Nakara at Rotten Tomatoes
Fondasiyo ya Al Basar

**Fondasiyo ya Al-Basar** (   مؤ କାନة  العالمية ) ni umuryango utegamiye kuri Leta udaharanira inyungu ukorera muri Arabiya Sawudite . Yashinzwe mu 1989  kugira ngo ikore mu rwego rwo gukumira no kurandura / kurwanya indwara z’ubuhumyi & impumyi. 

Ikorana n’ikigo cyita ku buntu n’ubutabazi cya King Salman muri Yemeni, Bangladesh, Sudani, Nijeriya na Pakisitani mu kurwanya ubuhumyi n’indwara z’amaso.  akanabaga muri Sudani 

Mu bukangurambaga bwa 2019 bwatewe inkunga na King Salman Humanitarian Aid and Relief Centre ku bufatanye na Al Basar International Foundation, abakorerabushake b’ubuvuzi baturutse muri Arabiya Sawudite bahuye n’abarwayi 8000 b’amaso ndetse banabagwa 800 kugira ngo bakure cataracte na glaucoma muri Ibadan, muri Nijeriya, ndetse no muri Lafia muri Leta ya Nasarawa, muri Nijeriya.
Ishyirahamwe ry’Abafite Ubumuga bo mu gihugu cya Irilande

**Ishyirahamwe ry’Abafite Ubumuga bo mu gihugu cya Irilande (IWA)** n’ishyirahamwe ryita kubantu bafite ubumuga bw’umubiri . Ryashinzwe    Intego za IWA nuguharanira uburenganzira bw’abafite ubumuga bw’umubiri binyuze muri politiki rusange, gutanga serivisi zitandukanye, no gutera inkunga abanyamuryango bayo.

Umuyobozi wambere w’ishyirahamwe ry’abafitubumuga bomugihugu  cya Irilande yari Fr. Leo Close CM, umukinnyi wamugaye numukoresha wabafitubumuga. 

IWA yatanze serivisi no kwegera abantu 2.064 ahantu 57.  

## Reba
Without Pity: A Film About Abilities

***Without Pity: A Film About Abilities*** ni filme mbarakuri yo muri Amerika yakozwe mu 1996 ikaba iri mu majwi ya Christopher Reeve . Iyi documentaire igaragaza uruhare n'imbaraga abafite ubumuga bagira kugirango babeho ubuzima bwiza kandi butanga umusaruro. Yerekanwe bwa mbere kuri HBO kuwa 8 Ukwakira 1996.

## Incamake
Abareba iyi filme bazisanga mu nkuru yavuzweho n'abanyamerika. bazabona inkuru y'Umugore ukiri muto ufite ubumuga bwo mu mutwe wita ku mwana we, babone n'inkur y'umugabo nawe ufite ubumuga bwo mu mutwe umaze imyaka 40 yibana kandi abayeho neza mu mashuri ya colorado.

Iyi filime izatwereka urugendo rw'umwana w'umuhungu w'imyaka 6 utagira amaboko n'amaguru yagiriye ku ishuri aho yasuraga ibiro by'impuguke kuri mudasobwa ifite ubumuga bwo kutabona, ndetse ahahurira n’umwarimu ufite indwara y’igicuri wigisha amateka y’ivangura ryakorerwaga abantu bafite ubumuga. 

Ndetse tubona n'inkuru y'umusore uherutse kugira ubumuga atuganiriza uko yahanganye n'indwara y'agahinda gakabije (depression) yagize nyuma yo kumenya ko yagize ubumuga, uko yabyitwayemo, ingamba yafashe n'uko yaje kubinesha agakomeza ubuzima bwe. 

Iyi filme igaruka cyane ku gushima abantu bafite ubumuga ku buryo bitwara, ubudaheranwa bwabo, ubushobozi n'uburyo bishakamo ibisubizo.

## Amashakiro
Ururimi rw'amarenga rwo mu Rwanda

Ntabwo bugaragara niba ururimi rw'amarenga cyangwa indimi ziri mu Rwanda. Mu mwaka wa 2006, umushinga w'inkoranyamagambo watangiye guhuza **ururimi rw'amarenga nyarwanda** byatangajwe mu 2009.

Icyakora, umushinga ntabwo wari wuzuye, kandi muri 2013 inkoranyamagambo yaje kongerwamo ibyaburaga, ishingiye ku marenga yarasanzwe akoreshwa mu gihugu hose. Ibisobanuro by’umushinga byerekanye ko iyi ari imvugo y’ururimi rumwe, ariko ibyo bitazwi. Gahunda yo gusemura iboneka muri Uganda; ntibizwi niba Ururimi rw'amarenga nyarwanda rufitanye isano n'ururimi rw'amarenga rwo muri Uganda . 

## Amashakiro
Old Cayman Sign Language

Old Cayman Sign Language nururimi rw'amarenga rwokutumva  rwa Grand Cayman mu birwa bya Cayman Islands. Irashobora kuba ifitanye isano nururimi rw'amarenga rwa Providencia . 

## Reba
Igipimo cyo gutesha agaciro

**Igipimo cy'ubumuga** ni ijanisha rigamije kwerekana urwego rw'umuntu uhoraho kumubiri cyangwa mumutwe. Ku bantu bagize impanuka cyangwa uburwayi bumara igihe kirekire cyangwa buhoraho  mugukoresha igice cyumubiri wabo cyangwa imikorere y'umubiri, igipimo cy'ubumuga gishobora gukoreshwa mugupima ubushobozi bw'umuntu. Ubumuga busobanurwa nko gutandukana cyane  n'ubuzima busanzwe bw'imikorere.  Ubumuga busobanura neza gutandukana ku imiterere ihamye y'umuntu  nubushobozi bwa muntu, hamwe n'ubuvuzi bundi bushya, ingaruka kubikorwa by'umuntu mu buzima bwe buri munsi ntibishobora guhinduka.  Ibyo biba byarageze ku rwego aho bashobora gupimwa urwego rw’ihungabana, kandi uwo murwayi aba ageze ku rwego rwitwa “Maximum Medical Improvement (MMI) ni ukuvuga ko nta gukira kurenze ubwo bitegerejwe zitaziguye umuntu afite.  nubwo ibyo bitandukanyirizo bitandukanijwe bikunze gukoreshwa nimiryango ya leta nk'igipimo cyubumuga, cyangwa kugena indishyi zikwiye kubera impanuka cyangwa igikomere. Gukoresha ibimenyetso byubuvuzi hamwe n’impuguke zumvikanyweho murwego bizamura uburinganire nuburinganire murwego rwo guta agaciro. 

Amabwiriza ya **AMA (American Medical Association)** agerageza gushyiraho uburyo buhamye bwo gupima urwego rw’ihungabana hashingiwe ku bipimo bifatika nk’urugero rw’ubumuga bwo kumva rugaragazwa na **Decibel Sum Hearing Loss (DSHL)** cyangwa ibizamini by’ubushobozi bwo kubona neza (**visual acuity tests**). 

Nubwo hari ubwo buryo bwo kugerageza gushyiraho ihame, amanota y’ihungabana atangwa ku muntu umwe n’abaganga batandukanye rimwe na rimwe aratandukana cyane, bikaba ikibazo kuko bituma haboneka **kutajyana n’uburinganire** mu isuzuma ry’ihungabana 

## Reba kandi

## Reba
Ikinyamakuru cya Politiki y’ubumuga

***Ikinyamakuru cya Politiki y’abafite ubumuga*** ni buri gihembwe urungano rwasuzumwe n’ikinyamakuru cy' amasomo gikubiyemo ibyerekeranye n’ubushakashatsi bw’abafite ubumuga, harimo ibibazo bijyanye n’imyitwarire, politiki rusange, n’amategeko yerekeye ababana n’ubumuga . Abanditsi bakuru ni Mitchell Yell ( Kaminuza ya Carolina yepfo ) na James G. Shriner ( Kaminuza ya Illinois ). Yashinzwe mu 1990, ubu ikaba isohoka na SAGE Publications ifatanije n’ikigo cya Hammill gishinzwe ubumuga .

## Gukuramo no kwerekana
*Ikinyamakuru cya Politiki y’abafite ubumuga* cyakuweho kandi cyerekanwe muri:

* CINAHL
* Ibirimo Urupapuro rwuburezi
* Ubuforomo bwa EBSCO hamwe nicyegeranyo cyubuzima bufatanije
* Ubushakashatsi bwuburezi Ibisobanuro kumurongo
* Elsevier BIOBASE
* EMCare
* PAIS Mpuzamahanga
* PsycINFO
* Scopus
* Ibisobanuro bya sociologie

Nk’uko *ikinyamakuru Citation Reports kibitangaza* ngo ingaruka zacyo zo mu 2017 1.104,ziza ku mwanya wa 47 mu binyamakuru 69 biri mu cyiciro cyo gusubiza mu buzima busanzwe . 

## Reba

## Ihuza ryo hanze

* Urubuga rwemewe
* Hammill Institute official website
Ibitaro bitanga ubuvuzi busubiza mu buzima busanzwe abarwayi (Dublin)

**Ibitaro bitanga ubuvuzi busubiza mu buzima busanzwe abarwayi** (Irish:  ) i Dún Laoghaire, Dublin, ni ibitaro byatewe inkunga na Leta ya Irilande bitanga ubuvuzi busubiza mu buzima busanzwe abarwayi bafite ubumuga bw'umubiri cyangwa ubwenge kubera uburwayi cyangwa ibikomere.  Nubwo biterwa inkunga na leta, ibitaro biri mu nshingano ry’ idini Gatolika, umuryango witwa Bashiki bacu b'Impuhwe . 

## Amateka
Ibitaro byashinzwe igihe umuryango wa bashiki bacu b'Impuhwe babonaga umutungo uzwi ku izina rya "The Ceders" i Dún Laoghaire mu 1916.    . Ibitaro byashinzwe kubera impamvu yo kuvura igituntu byarangiye kubakwa muri Gashyantare 1918.

Inyubako yari izwi ku izina rya " Mukobwa wacu w'ibitaro bya Lourdes" nyuma bihindurwamo ibitaro bitanga ubuvuzi busubiza abantu mubuzima busanzwe muri 1961, muri 1994 bihiduka ibitaro by'igihugu bitanga ubuvuzi busubiza abantu mu buzima busanzwe.

Inkunga y' inyongera y'ibitanda 120 yemejwe mu mwaka wa 2015,  Umuyobozi w’Urwego rw’Ubuzima yanenzwe kubura abakozi mu bitaro byatumye ibitanda cumi na bibiri bitaboneka muri Werurwe 2017 nubwo hari umurongo w’ abarwayi bategereje barenga 200 bashaka kwinjira.  Ibitaro bifite ibitanda byose hamwe 110 ariko bivugwa ko bidafite ibikoresho bihagije bigendeye k'umuryango ukora ubuvugizi wa *An Soal* kimwe n’abakozi bakuru b’ibitaro.  

## Reba
Ubumuga bugira ingaruka mu bushobozi bw'ubwenge

Hriho ubumuga bugiye butandukanye bugira ingaruka ku bushobozi bw'imitekerereze no kumenya kwa muntu.Iki ni igitekerezo cyagutse gikubiyemo defisit zitandukanye zubwenge cyangwa ubwenge, harimo ubumuga bwubwenge (bwahoze bwitwa *retardation mental* ), deficits yoroheje cyane kuburyo itujuje ibisabwa nkubumuga bw' ubwenge, ibintu bitandukanye byihariye ( nkubumuga bwihariye bwo kwiga ), nibibazo byakuwe mubuzima nyuma yo gukomeretsa ubwonko cyangwa indwara zifata ubwonko nka démée .
Lebanon at the 2010 Asian Para Games

**Lebanon** yitabiriye imikino ya Para yomuri Aziya 2010 - Imikino yambere yomuri Aziya Para yabereye i Guangzhou, mu Bushinwa kuva ku ya 13 kugeza ku ya 19 Ukuboza 2010. Abakinnyi baturutse muri Libani begukanye imidari ibiri, barangiza ku mwanya wa 27 ku meza y’imidari . 

## Reba
Zimbabwean sign languages

**Indimi nyinshi z'amarenga zomuri Zimbabwe** zateye imbere mubwigenge mubanyeshuri batumva bomumashuri atandukanye ya Zimbabwe kubatumva guhera mu 1940. Ntabwo byumvikana umubare windimi zabo, nkuko ubushakashatsi buke bwakozwe; Ikimenyetso cy'ishuri rya Masvingo kizwiho kuba gitandukanye n'ay'andi mashuri,  ariko burishuri bigaragara korifite ururimi rw'amarenga rwihariye, kandi ibyo bitandukanye n'ururimi rusange cyangwa indimi zikoreshwa hanze y'ishuri.  "Ururimi rw'amarenga", ntayandi mananiza, rwabaye rumwe mundimi zemewe za Zimbabwe hamwe n'Itegeko Nshinga rya 2013. 

## Reba
Ubumuga bwa antropropologiya

### Ubusobanuro bwa Disability Anthropology(Ubumenyi bwa kinyamuntu ku bafite ubumuga)
*Disability Anthropology ni ishami ry'ubumenyi bwa kinyamuntu(anthropology) ryiga ku buryo abantu bafite ubumuga babaho, uburyo bashyikirana n'abandi, n'uko sosiyete ibabona kandi ibafata. Iri shami ntirishyira imbaraga gusa ku bushobozi cyangwa ku ndwara z'umubiri ahubwo rishishikajwe cyane n'imico, imyumvire,amateka n'imibanire y'abantu byose bifitanye isano n'ubumuga.*

Urwego rwa antoropologiya y'ubumuga rwibanda ku ngingo zijyanye no kugerwaho, gukora, kwita,eugene, kwerekana indwara n'ibindi byinshi. Intiti ziteza imbere kandi zigasuzuma uburyo bwo gukemura ibibazo cyangwa gufasha kuzana impinduka ku bantu bamugaye. Ingingo y'ubumuga muri antoropologiya yemeza abashakashatsi gukoresha lenzi(lens) ndangamuco hamwe n'uburyo bwa etinorogirafike(ethnolography) kugira ngo bamenye ikimenyane n'"ubundi" mu mico .
Omnibus Autism Ikomeza

Urubanza rwiswe **Omnibus Autism Proceeding** rwari rugizwe n’imanza esheshatu z’igerageza zaburanishijwe n’abacamanza b’inzobere mu rukiko rwa Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika rushinzwe ibirego by’imari (United States Court of Federal Claims), hagamijwe gusuzuma niba hari isano ihamye hagati y’inkingo na autism. &#x5B; **' &#x5D;</sup>

Kubera ko hari imanza nyinshi cyane zerekeye gahunda y’igihugu yo gutanga indishyi ku bahungabanyijwe n’inkingo (NVICP) zirega zemeza ko inkingo zateje **autism**  zirenga **5000** by’ukuri abavoka b’abarega hamwe n’abacamanza b’inzobere bemeranyije gusuzuma imanza eshatu z’igerageza kugira ngo bamenye niba hari ibimenyetso bihagije bishyigikira isano iri hagati y’inkingo n'indwara y**'autism**.  Bafashe iya mbere mu gusuzuma mu buryo butaziguye niba koko hari ibimenyetso bigaragaza impamvu **n’ingaruka** hagati y’inkingo na **autism  '''

Mu 2002, NVICP, abigiriwemo inama na komite nyobozi ishinzwe gusaba, yashyizeho Omnibus Autism Proceeding yo gukusanya izo manza. Bahisemo gusuzuma imanza esheshatu zipimishije zatanze kimwe cyangwa byinshi mu bikurikira bikurikira ku bijyanye n’inkingo-autism ihuza:  

• Abavuga ko inkingo za MMR nizindi nkingo zirimo thimerosal zishobora guhuriza hamwe gutera autism.• Gusaba gushingira ku nkingo zirimo thimerosal zitera autism.• Kuvuga ko inkingo za MMR zonyine (tutiriwe tuvuga thimerosal) zishobora gutera autism.

Abayobozi batatu badasanzwe basuzumye ibimenyetso kuri buri kirego. Mu 2009, batanze imyanzuro yabo. Kuri buri kirego, inzobere eshatu zidasanzwe zanzuye ko nta sano riri hagati y'inkingo na autism. 

## Reba
Sexual Assistance (Gufashwa mu gihe cyo gukora imibonano mpuzabitsina)

**Sexual Assistance cg Gufashwa mu gihe cyo gukora imibonano mpuzabitsina** ni ubufasha bugenewe Abamugaye kugirango bashobore gukora neza igikorwa cy'imibonano mpuzabitsina neza, bafite uburenganzira busesuye ku mibiri yabo ndetse nabo bakabasha kubikora nk'abandi. ] ​ Bamwe mu bantu bafite Ubumuga bashobora kuba batazi dexterity (ubuhanga bwo gukoresha ingingo z'umubiri) badashoboye kwinyeganyeza (mobility) cyangwa ukundi kwishyira ukizana (freedom) mu bikorwa bigendanye no gukora Imibonano mpuzabitsina ndetse badashoboye no Kwikinisha (masturbation) badafahijwe n'undi muntu cyangwa ikindi kintu kibibafashamo. Ubufasha butangwa rero, buhera mu kwitegura, aribyo birimo kubanza kumva abishatse muriwe kubikora (self grooming), harimo gushobora no kumenya uko bakoresha ibikoresho bijyanye n'icyo gikorwa (using sex aids) cyangwa kubona izo serivisi (sexual services) ndetse n'ubufasha bufatika nko kwihindukiza k'umubiri cyangwa kumufasha kwitenga neza (body movement and positioning) 

## Imyitwarire no kunegura
Abajyanama mu by'ubufasha bw’imibonano mpuzabitsina bemeza ko izi servisi zijya zemerera ababana n’ubumuga kugira uburenganzira bwabo bwo gukora imibonano mpuzabitsina nk'uko abandi bantu bose babikora, bityo bagashyira izi serivisi zo gufasha mu gihe cy'mibonano mpuzabitsina mu cyiciro kimwe n’ubundi buryo bwo gufasha mu mibereho myiza ya buri muntu. Gusa hakaba hari n'ibindi bitekerezo biriho ko ari uburyo bw'uburaya mu mboni zabo bakavugako ko uguharabika umuntu (sexual exploitation) kandi ibyo bigomba kurwanywa.

## Reba kandi

* Attraction to Disability
* Umufasha wita kumuntu
* Uburenganzira ku mibonano mpuzabitsina
* sexual surrogate
* Ubuvuzi bw'imibonano mpuzabitsina

## Amashakiro
Imikorere itandukanye (ubumuga)

uburyo butandukanye bw'imikorere ni ijambo rikwiye mu buryo bwa politike n’imibanire  myiza y’ibikenewe basimbuza amagambo, nk'ubumuga, ubumuga n’ubumuga, byatangiye gukoreshwa muri Esipanye mu nyandiko y’ubumenyi, ku bushake bw’abagize ingaruka ku buryo butaziguye, mu 2005. 

## Ikoreshwa
Iri jambo rigamije gusimbuza ayandi hamwe na semantique ya pejorative. Itanga icyerekezo kijyanye n'amagambo atari meza, adasebanya kandi adashyigikiwe. Kwemeza iryo jambo murashobora kubisanga mu gitabo *El Modelo de la Diversidad* cyanditswe na Agustina Palacios na Javier Romañach, 2007, . . Ingero zikoreshwa:

* abantu bafite imikorere itandukanye aho "abantu bafite ibibazo byihariye bakenera 
* imikorere itandukanye y'umubiri
* kugenda kwimikorere itandukanye,ku umuntu ukoresha igare ry'abafite ubumuga, umukoresha w'ababana n'ubumuga
* uburyo butandukanye bw’imikorere y’intoki
* ubuhanga butandukanye butandukanye
* amashusho agaragara atandukanye, abantu bakoresha abasoma ecran nkuburyo bwabo bwibanze bwo kugera kuri mudasobwa
* "abantu bafite uburyo bwo gutunganya amashusho atandukanye"
* imikorere itandukanye yo kumva
* imikorere itandukanye yo mu mutwe
* imikorere itandukanye y'ubwenge
* kumenya imikorere itandukanye
* imikorere itandukanye kama
* ibintu bitandukanye kandi / cyangwa imikorere itandukanye y'agateganyo
* umuntu ufite imikorere itandukanye
* abantu badafite imikorere itandukanye aho kuba "ibisanzwe" cyangwa "ubuzima bwiza
* abantu badafite imikorere itandukanye, mubisanzwe abana bagikura

## Reba kandi

* Ibendera ry'ubumuga
* Dutandukanye (politiki)
* Neurodiversity

## Reba

## Ibindi gusoma

*
Ikipe y'igihugu ya Misiri y'abamugaye

**Ikipe y'igihugu ya Misiri y'abamugaye mu magare** ni ikipe y'igihugu y'abamugaye mu magare ya Misiri kandi iyobowe na Federasiyo ya Handball yo mu Misiri . Igihugu cya Egiputa cyageze ku mwanya wa 1 mu nshuro ya gatatu ya Shampiyona y’isi y’ibimuga ya IHF Bane ku ruhande, cyabereye mu Misiri. 

## Ikipe
Amakipe mpuzamahanga yo muri Egiputa muri Shampiyona yisi 2022 . 

Umutoza mukuru: Wael Abdelaaty 

* Ikipe y'igihugu ya Misiri y'abagabo
* Ikipe y'igihugu ya Misiri mu gihugu cy'abatarengeje imyaka 21
* Ikipe y'igihugu ya Misiri mu gihugu cy'abatarengeje imyaka 19
* Ikipe yigihugu ya Misiri yigihugu yabatarengeje imyaka 17
* Ikipe yigihugu ya misiri yigihugu ya handball

## Reba

## Ihuza ryo hanze

* Ishyirahamwe ry'umukino wa Handball mu Misiri
* Umwirondoro wa IHF
Imikino y'amabara n'ubumuga

## Ikipe y'u Rwanda y'abakobwa yageze ku mukino wa nyuma mu mikino y'isi y'abantu bafite ubumuga bwo mumutwe (Special Olympics world summer Game) yaberaga mu Budage muri 2023, nyuma yo  gutsinda Bahrat yo mu buhinde zari zanganije ibitego 2-2, kuri penaliti 4-3.
U Rwanda rwitabiriye iyi mikino yabere Berlin kuva tariki 17kugeza 25 Kamena mu mikino itatu irimo Umupira w'amaguru, Bocce n'imikino ngorora mubiri mu gusiganwa metero 100
Servise zirembo

Irembo ni urubuga ruriho serivise ziboneka mu Rwanda kandi rucyingerwaho izindi zibigo byubucuruzi zari zisanzwe zitangwa mu buryo bunyuranye birimo birimo guhamagara aba agents bibyo bogo kujya ku iro bikoreraho nubundi bwinshi butatanye.

## Amashaikiro
Ubumuga & Sosiyete

***Ubumuga & Sosiyete*** ni ikinyamakuru cy’ubushakashatsi gisuzumwa n’inzobere mu rwego rw’ubumenyi mubyerekeranye n'ubumuga . Cyatangijwe mu mwaka wa 1986 cyitwa ***Ubumuga, Uburema & Sosiyete***, hanyuma gihindura izina cyitwa **Ubumuga** *& *'Sosiyete**'' mu mwaka wa **1994**. Gisohorwa na Taylor &amp;amp; Francis naho umwanditsi mukuru ni Michele Moore ( Kaminuza ya Essex ). Nk’uko ''ikinyamakuru Citation Reports kibitangaza'' ngo iki kinyamakuru gifite ingaruka z’umwaka wa 2017 zingana na 1.212, kiza ku mwanya wa 42 mu binyamakuru 98 biri mu cyiciro “Ubumenyi bw’imibereho buvanga ibyiciro bitandukanye”  ndetse ku mwanya wa **40** mu binyamakuru **69*' byo mu cyiciro cya *“Gusubizaho ubushobozi bw’umuntu”.'' 

## Reba

## Ihuza ryo hanze

* Official website
Ubumuga mu Burundi

Ababana n'ubumuga mu Burundi bagereranywa ku kuba bagera ku bantu bagera ku 350.000. 

## Amateka
Kuya 26 Mata 2007, u Burundi bwashyize umukono ku Masezerano yerekeye uburenganzira bw’abafite ubumuga maze bwemeza kuya 22 Gicurasi 2014. Yatangiye gukurikizwa kuya 21 Kamena 2014.  

## Reba kandi

* Burundi muri Paralympique

## Reba
Ubumuga muri Kambodiya

Kugeza mu mwaka wa  2019, abantu 4.9% bo muri Kambodiya bafite imyaka 5 kuzamura bafite ubumuga mu bipimo bitandukanye.

## Amateka
Kambodiya yemeje amasezerano y’umuryango w’abibumbye y’uburenganzira bw’abafite ubumuga n’amasezerano ya VIP ya Marrakesh . 

## Ubukungu
Muri 2019, hari abantu 2,860 bafite ubumuga bakoreshwa na guverinoma ya Kambodiya . 

## Reba kandi

* Kambodiya muri Paralympike

## Reba
Ubumuga muri Boliviya

**Ubumuga muri Boliviya** bivuga ababana n'ubumuga muri Boliviya .

## Amateka
Boliviya yashyize umukono ku Masezerano yerekeye uburenganzira bw’abafite ubumuga ku ya 13 Kanama 2007 ayemeza ku ya 16 Ugushyingo 2009. Yatangiye gukurikizwa ku ya 16 Ukuboza 2009.  

## Imibare
Kugeza ubu mu gihugu hari abantu 741,382 bafite ubumuga butandukanye mu gihugu, aho bugabanyijemo ubumuga bwo mu mutwe (abantu 222,410), ubumuga bw'umubiri (abantu 222,410), ubumuga bwo mu mutwe (abantu 259,480) n'ubundi bumuga (abantu 37,070). 

## Reba
Ubumuga muri Kosta Rika

Umubare w'abafite **ubumuga muri Kosta Rika** ni 10.5% by'abaturage. Iki gihugu kiri mu masezerano y’umuryango w’abibumbye y’uburenganzira bw’abafite ubumuga kuva mu 2008.

## Imibare y'abaturage
Ibarura rusange ry’igihugu rya 2011 ryerekana ko 10.5% by’aba kosta Rica bafite ubumuga, 52% muri bo ni abagore n’abagabo 48%. Ubumuga bwo kutabona budashobora gukosorwa nindorerwamo cyangwa lens nubumuga bukunze kugaragara (56%). 

## Amategeko na politiki
Ku ya 30 Werurwe 2007, Costa Rica yashyize umukono ku masezerano *y’umuryango* w’abibumbye y’uburenganzira bw’abafite ubumuga kandi yemeza ayo masezerano ku ya 1 Ukwakira 2008.  Mu rwego rw’amategeko yitwa *Itegeko ry’ama­hirwe angana* (**Ley de Igualdad de Oportunidades**), nta muntu ushobora kubogamirwa cyangwa guhezwa kubera ubumuga, niba bafite **ubushobozi bungana n’ubw’abandi**. Iri tegeko rishimangira kandi ko ahantu rusange no gutwara abantu hagomba kugira ibikoresho bifasha ababana n'ubumuga kubageraho.

## Umuco
Gicurasi 28 ni *Día Nacional de la Persona con Discapacidad* (Umunsi w’abafite ubumuga ku rwego rw’igihugu) hagamijwe guteza imbere kubaha abamugaye.

## Siporo
Iki gihugu cyitabiriye bwa mbere imikino y'abamugaye mu mikino Paralempike yo mu 1992, cyabuze ku nshuro ya 1996, kigaruka mu 2000 kandi gihagarariwe mu mikino Paralympike yose kuva icyo gihe. Kosta Rika ntabwo yigeze yitabira mikino ya Paralympike yo mu gihe cy’imbeho. 

## Politiki
Ishyaka rya politiki Kuboneka nta guhezwa ( *Partido de Acceso Sin Exclusión* ) rifite uburenganzira bw’ubumuga nk’imwe mu ntego zaryo zikomeye,  perezida w’ishyaka, kandi guhera mu matora rusange yo mu 2014, umwe mu bagize Inteko ishinga amategeko ni Óscar López .

## Reba
Ubumuga muri Gabon

**Ubumuga muri Gabon** bivuga ababana n'ubumuga muri Gabon .

## Amateka
Mu mwaka wa 1995, Gabon yashyizeho itegeko risaba inyubako zose n'imihanda nyabagendwa bigera ku bantu bafite ubumuga. Igihugu cyemeje burundu Amasezerano y’uburenganzira bw’abafite ubumuga mu mwaka wa 2007. Muri 2014, cyemeza protokole y’inyongera ajyanye n’ayo masezerano.. 

## Imibare
Kuva mu mwaka wa 2015, 2% by’abaturage ba Gabon bari bafite ubumuga mu rugero rutandukanye, bingana n’abantu 27,100. 

## Reba kandi

* Gabon muri Paralympique

## Reba
Ubumuga muri Gineya-Bissau

**Ubumuga muri Gineya-Bissau** bivuga ibibazo bifitanye isano n’abafite ubumuga muri Gineya-Bissau .

## Amateka
Gineya-Bissau yemeje Amasezerano yerekeye uburenganzira bw’abafite ubumuga ku ya 24 Nzeri 2014. 

## Imibare
Kugeza mu mwaka wa 2021, hari abantu 11,584 bo muri Gineya-Bissau bafite ubumuga butandukanye. 

## Reba kandi

* Gineya-Bissau muri Paralympique

## Reba
Ubumuga muri Indoneziya

Ikigereranyo cy’ubwinshi bw’ubumuga **muri Indoneziya** kiratandukanye cyane ukurikije ibipimo. Ibarura rusange rya Indoneziya ryo mu 2010 rivuga ko 4.29% gusa bo muri Indoneziya bafite ubumuga, aho 3.94% mu bagabo na 4.64% mu bagore.  Amakuru akomoka ku bushakashatsi bwo mu ngo bwa Riskesdas bwo mu mwaka wa 2007, hashingiwe ku bisobanuro bivuga kugira ingorane nyinshi nibura mu rwego rumwe rw’imikorere, agaragaza igipimo cy’ubumuga cya 11.05%, aho abagabo bagize 9.40% naho abagore bakagira 12.57%.  Ibyiciro byombi byerekana imibare yubumuga izamuka cyane uko imyaka igenda ishira.

Indoneziya ni igihugu cyasinye ku masezerano y’umuryango w’abibumbye y’uburenganzira bw’abafite ubumuga,aho yasinyiye ayo masezerano ku wa 30 Werurwe 2007 kandi iyemeza ku wa 30 Ugushyingo 2011.    

## Reba kandi

* Ubuzima muri Indoneziya
* Rawinala

## Reba
Ubumuga muri Lesotho

Kuva mu mwaka wa 2001, hafi ya 4.2% by’abaturage ba Lesotho bafite ubumuga, mu rugero rutandukanye, kandi kimwe cya gatatu(1/3) cyabo ni abana bari munsi y’imyaka15. 

## Ibyiciro
Abantu bafite ubumuga benshi mu gihugu bafite ubumuga bwo kutabona neza, kutumva, kutabasha kugenda neza, ibibazo byo kwibuka, kwifasha mu buzima bwa buri munsi, cyangwa mu itumanaho. 

## Amategeko na politiki
Ingingo ya 33 y'Itegeko Nshinga rya Lesotho iteganya ingingo yo gusubiza mu buzima busanzwe, guhugura no gutuza abantu bafite ubumuga. Lesotho yemeje Amasezerano yerekeye uburenganzira bw’abafite ubumuga bw’umuryango w’abibumbye ku wa 2 Ukuboza 2008. Politiki y’Igihugu yerekeye Ubumuga n’Isubiraho mu Buzima (NDRP) yo mu 2011 igamije gufasha guverinoma ya Lesotho mu gutegura gahunda n’ingamba zireba by’umwihariko abafite ubumuga. 

## Ubuvugizi
Ihuriro ry’igihugu ry’amashyirahamwe y’abafite ubumuga rya Lesotho (LNFOD) ryashinzwe mu 1989 nkurwego rwo hejuru rw’imiryango y’abafite ubumuga. Abayigize ni; Ishyirahamwe ry’igihugu ry’abafite ubumuga bw’umubiri (LNAPD), Ishyirahamwe ry’abafite ubumuga bwo mu mutwe bwa Lesotho (IDAL), Ishyirahamwe ry’igihugu ry’abafite ubumuga bwo kutabona (LNLVIP) n’ishyirahamwe ry’abafite ubumuga bwo kutumva muri Lesotho (NADL). 

## Akazi
Abamugaye barenga 65% mugihugu batunzwe n'imiryango yabo ndetse n'abaturanyi kugirango babeho buri munsi. 

## Siporo
Lesotho yakoze imikino yayo y'abamugaye début mu mikino Paralempike yo mu 2000 yabereye i Sydney . Yagiye mu marushanwa yose ya Paralympique yo mu mpeshyi kuva icyo gihe, ariko ntabwo yigeze mu mikino Paralympike. Lesotho ntiratsindira umudari mu mikino Paralympique. 

## Reba

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*
Ubumuga muri Macau

**Ubumuga muri Macau** bivuga ibibazo bifitanye isano nabafite ubumuga i Macau, mu Bushinwa .

## Amategeko
Ubushinwa, harimo na Macau, bwashyize umukono ku masezerano y’uburenganzira bw’abafite ubumuga . Amategeko ya Macau avuga ko kubuza ivangura rishingiye ku bumuga mu burezi, ku kazi, mu kwivuza cyangwa kugera ku zindi serivisi rusange. 

## Bije
Guhuza no gutera inkunga gahunda zifasha abaturage bafite ubumuga bashinzwe na Biro ishinzwe imibereho myiza. 

### Inyungu
Ku ya 11 Ukwakira 2017, guverinoma yongereye umubare w'inkunga ebyiri z’abafite ubumuga ku baturage bahoraho hiyongereyeho 6.67% ku nkunga isanzwe y’ubumuga na 7.14% ku nkunga idasanzwe y’ubumuga. 

## Ibikoresho rusange

### Ubwikorezi
Ikibuga cy’indege mpuzamahanga cya Macau n’ibibuga by’imodoka z’amato biragerwaho n’abantu bafite ubumuga bafashijwe n’abakozi. Ibiro bishinzwe imibereho myiza itanga kandi ingendo zitishyurwa zijya ku bitaro n’ibigo by’ubuvuzi hifashishijwe bisi ya Rehabilitation. Gutwara abantu na serivisi z'ubukerarugendo ku bamugaye nazo ziraboneka na Macau Barrier Ubukerarugendo bwubuntu. Abanyamaguru muri rusange bafite ibimenyetso byumvikana kandi bazamutse-bakandagira. Aho abantu bafite ubumuga bashobora guhagarara hateganywa **ahantu hatandukanye mu** **bibuga by’imodoka** rusange.  

## Reba kandi

* Ubuvuzi muri Macau

## Reba
Ubumuga muri Eritereya

Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe ku baturage ba Eritereya n’ubuzima muri Eritereya mu mwaka wa 2010, muri Eritereya hari abantu bagera ku 149,103 bafite ubumuga. 

## Ibyiciro
Umubare munini w’abafite ubumuga mu gihugu ni abafite ibibazo byo kubona, ubumuga bwo mu mutwe no kutagenda. 

## Amategeko
Ingingo ya 14 (3), 41 (6) (C) na 51 (1) y’Itegeko Nshinga rya Eritereya zivuga by’umwihariko ku bibazo by’ubumuga mu gihugu, zirimo ubuhezanguni ku bantu bafite ubumuga burabujijwe. Mu itegeko nshinga, guverinoma itegetswe guharanira imibereho myiza no guha abaturage bose, harimo n’abafite ubumuga, umuco, uburezi, ubuzima n’imibereho myiza y’abaturage mu rwego rw’umutungo w’igihugu. 

## Politiki
Ishami rishinzwe gusubiza mu buzima busanzwe no kwishyira hamwe mu ishami rishinzwe imibereho myiza ya Minisiteri y’umurimo n’imibereho myiza y’abantu ni urwego rwa leta rushinzwe ibibazo bijyanye n’ubumuga n’abafite ubumuga mu gihugu. 

## Reba

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