Ubuso bw'amashyamba mu Rwanda

Imwe mu ntego u Rwanda rwari rwarihaye kuzageraho muri gahunda y’imbaturabukungu ya mbere (EDPRS I) y’Icyerekezo 2020, kwari ukugira amashyamba ateye kuri 30% by’ubuso bw’igihugu, bingana na kilometero kare 7.901,4. Ibarura ryakozwe mu 2019 ryerekanye ko byagezweho ndetse iranarenzwa biba 30,4%, ni ukuvuga kilometero kare 8.006,7.

Ubigereranyije n’ubuso bw’intara zitandukanye z’igihugu, wasanga amashyamba amaze kugera ku buso ajya kungana n’uburiho Intara y’Uburengerazuba bungana na kilometero kare 5.883, ubwongeyeho ubw’Amajyaruguru bungana na kilometero kare 3.276.

Igiteranyo cy’ubuso bwazo zombi kirangana na kilometero kare 9.159, wagereranya na kilometero kare 8.006,7 hakabamo ikinyuranyo cya kilometero kare 1.152,2 gusa.

Kugera ku ntego ya 30% hakarenzwaho kilometero kare 105.352 ni urugendo rurerure kandi rutoroshye rwasabye imbaraga za Leta, Abaturarwanda n’abikorera muri rusange.

Buri ruhande hari umusanzu rwagiye rutanga binyuze mu bikorwa bitandukanye, ariko magingo aya abaturage ni bo batanga umusanzu munini.

## '''Ingano y’ubuso bwagombaga guterwaho amashyamba buri mwaka'''
Umuyobozi Mukuru w’Ikigo gishinzwe Amashyamba mu Rwanda, Mugabo Jean Pierre, yabwiye IGIHE ko muri urwo rugamba Guverinoma yari yariyemeje kurwana hashyizweho ingamba zitandukanye kugira ngo intego igerweho, aho yagennye ingano y’ubutaka bwagombaga guterwaho amashyamba buri mwaka.

Yagize ati “Leta yashyizeho hegitali z’amashyamba yagombaga kuzajya itera buri mwaka, ibyo bikanagendana n’amafaranga yagendaga ishyiramo bijyanye n’intego y’ayo tuzajya dutera. Binyuze muri Minisiteri y’Imari n’Igenamigambi n’abaterankunga, Leta yagendaga itanga ubushobozi kugira ngo habashe guterwa ayo mashyamba.”

Yasobanuye ko mu ngengo y’imari ya buri mwaka hari amafaranga yagenerwaga iyo gahunda, Minisiteri y’Ibidukikije igafatanya n’Ikigo gishinzwe Amashyamba mu kugena uko akoreshwa, hakagira ayoherezwa kuri buri karere.

Akarere kafatanyaga n’Ikigo kugena umufatanyabikorwa uzaba afite iyo gahunda mu nshingano, hagakorwa ibyateganyijwe nyuma hakerekanwa raporo ibigaragaza.

Mu ibarura ry’amashyamba rikorwa buri myaka icumi, kuva mu 2009 ubwo hakorwaga irya mbere kugeza hakozwe irindi rya 2019 hagaragaye ubwiyongere bw’ubuso bungana na 30,4%.

Mugabo yavuze ko hari harashyizweho intego yo gutera amashyamba ari kuri hegitari zisaga 4.000 nibura buri mwaka, kandi ubuso bukagera nibura kuri hegitari 712.104 muri iyo myaka [2009-2019].

Ubwo buso bwabarwaga hatarimo ibiti bivanze n’imyaka, nabyo intego yari uko haterwa hegitali 45.000 buri mwaka.

Muri uko gutera amashyamba, uyu muyobozi yavuze ko hanategurwaga ibikorwa byo kubungabunga ashaje kugira ngo bijyanirane.

## '''Abaturage bihariye amashyamba y’igihugu'''
Mu ngamba Leta yagiye ishyiraho zo kugera ku ntego yiyemeje, ntiyashyize imbaraga mu kubigenera ingengo y’imari gusa ahubwo yakoze n’ubukangurambaga kugira ngo Abaturarwanda nabo bumve ko intego ari iyabo, bityo batange umusanzu.

Barabyumvise bashyiramo imbaraga zigaragara ndetse Mugabo yavuze ko 67% by’amashyamba u Rwanda rufite ubu ari ay’abaturage, ari nayo akoreshwa ahanini iyo hakenewe umusaruro wayo nk’imbaho.

Iyo ntambwe iza yiyongera ku gutera ibiti bivanze n’imyaka nabyo bigirwamo uruhare runini n’abaturage.

Mugabo yatangaje ko kugeza ubu ubwitabire bw’abaturage buhagaze neza muri iyo gahunda, ariko ko hagikenewe izindi mbaraga.

## '''Lata irashaka kwegurira amashyamba ashaje mu maboko y’abikorera'''
Uko ubuso bw’amashyamba y’u Rwanda bugenda bwiyongera haterwa amashya, hari n’andi aba agenda asaza akeneye kubungabungwa no kubyazwa umusaruro.

Muri uko kuyabyaza umusaruro ashobora gukorwamo imbaho, agatwikwamo amakara cyangwa se agacanwamo inkwi n’ibindi kugira ngo ubwo buso buterweho aho andi.

Mugabo yavuze ko Leta iri muri gahunda yo gushaka uko amashyamba ashaje yakwegurirwa abikorera bakayabyaza umusaruro mu buryo butandukanye.

Yagize ati “Nyuma yo kugera ku ntego y’ubuso twari twarihaye, hakurikiyeho kubungabunga amashyamba ari kugenda asaza no kubyaza umusaruro ashaje […] Turashaka ko ayo mashyamba ajya mu maboko y’abikorera bakayabyaza umusaruro.”

Yavuze ko kugeza ubu abikorera bihariye 36% by’amashyamba y’u Rwanda, mu gihe hari intego y’uko uyu mwaka wazarangira bafite 45%, bakaziharira nibura 80% mu 2024.

## Reba