open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Inyigisho z’abafite ubumuga

**Inyigisho z’abafite ubumuga**ni disipuline yamasomo isuzuma ibisobanuro, kamere, ningaruka zubumuga. Ku ikubitiro, umurima wibanze ku gutandukanya "ubumuga" n "" ubumuga ", aho ubumuga bwari ubumuga bwubwenge cyangwa umubiri wumuntu, mugihe ubumuga bwafatwaga nkubwubatsi. Iyi ngingo yatumye habaho uburyo bubiri butandukanye bwubumuga: imibereho nubuvuzi bwubumuga. Muri 1999 icyitegererezo mbonezamubano cyemewe na bose nkicyitegererezo cyatoranijwe numurima. Ariko, mumyaka yashize, itandukaniro riri hagati yimibereho nubuvuzi ryamaganwe. Byongeye kandi, habayeho kwibanda ku bushakashatsi butandukanye. Kurugero, iperereza riherutse kwerekana ryerekana gukoresha "ibimenyetso byambukiranya ibice" bishobora gufasha gutanga ibisobanuro bishya kubijyanye no gukwirakwiza bidatunguranye ibintu bishobora guteza ingaruka z’ubumuga. &#x5B; ** &#x5D;

Inyigisho z’abafite ubumuga zirimo akazi mu mateka y’ubumuga, inyigisho, amategeko, politiki, imyitwarire, n’ubuhanzi. Ariko, abanyeshuri bigishwa kwibanda kubuzima bwabantu bafite ubumuga muburyo bufatika. Urwego rwibanze ku kongera ababana nubumuga kubona uburenganzira bwabaturage no guteza imbere imibereho yabo.
Ishyirahamwe rusange ry’abafite ubumuga mu Rwanda-AGHR

**Ishyirahamwe rusange ry’abafite ubumuga mu Rwanda**(Mu Igifaransa: **Association Générale des Personnes Handicapées au Rwanda- AGHR**) 

Ni umuryango w’abafite ubumuga urengera kandi uteza imbere uburenganzira bwa muntu n’imibereho myiza n’ubukungu by’abafite ubumuga. AGHR n’umuryango ushaje cyane mu Rwanda ku bafite ubumuga, washinzwe mu Kuboza 1979.

## Amateka

AGHR ni umuryango w’igihugu utegamiye kuri leta ugengwa na no 04/2012 yo ku ya 17/02/2012 ku miterere n’imikorere y’imiryango itegamiye kuri Leta, yanditswe mu Nama Nyobozi y’u Rwanda kuri no 114/07; icyicaro gikuru giherereye mu Mujyi wa Kigali, Akarere ka Kicukiro, Umurenge wa Gikondo, Akagari ka Kinunga, Umudugudu wa Kinunga ku muhanda wa KK 31 Av 65.
## Icyerekezo
Kuba umuryango w’ubuyobozi mu kurengera no guteza imbere uburenganzira bw’abafite ubumuga mu Rwanda.
## Inshingano
Gutegura abafite ubumuga nta tandukanyirizo rishingiye ku bwoko bw'ubumuga, mu ijwi rikomeye kandi ryiza rishobora kuzana impinduka nziza mu mibereho n'ubukungu no kuzamura imibereho yabo.

## Intego

* Ubuvugizi no guteza imbere uburenganzira bw'abafite ubumuga;

* Guteza imbere imibereho yabo n’ubukungu no gushimangira umubano wabo wo gufashanya no gufashanya;

* Gufatanya n'abayobozi n'imiryango mugushakira ibisubizo ibibazo byabo bikwiye.

## Agaciro

* Uburenganzira 
* Icyubahiro
* Ubufatanye
* Ubunyangamugayo no;
* Kwiyemeza

## Serivisi

### Ubuvugizi
Ubuvugizi n'ubukangurambaga ku burenganzira bw'abafite ubumuga,

### Iterambere
Guteza imbere imibereho myiza n’ubukungu by’abafite ubumuga,

### Ubuzima
Guteza imbere serivisi zubuzima no gusubiza mu ubuzima busanzwe ku bafite ubumuga,

### Uburezi
Mubufatanye n'abantu bafite imitima myiza nimiryango bafasha abafite ubumuga kwiga.

## Indanganturo
Hope in His Vision

Ibyiringiro mu Cyerekezo cye (mu icyongereza: Hope in His Vision) ni umuryango ugamije gufasha no kuzamura impano z'abana bafite ubumuga butandukanye binyuze m'uburezi, washinzwe na Amie Singleton n'umuhungu we John Hope Singleton mu 2015. 

## Amateka n'icyerkezo

Amie Singleton nyuma yo guhara na John mu mpeshyi ya 2012 mu kigo cy'imfubyi kinini cyo mu Rwanda. Icyo gihe John yari mwangavu, Amie Singleton avuga ko ataraziko John afite inseko nziza nishyaka kuri Nyagasani bidatinze azaba umuhungu we. Yagize ati "Imana ifite gahunda nziza mubuzima bwacu kuruta uko twabitekerezaga. Byose byatangiriye kumuhamagarira kumufasha kwivuza neza kumaso ye kandi bituma umuryango utavunika. Yesu afite uburyo bwo kugwiza ibyo na bike twiteguye gusangira". Igihe John yatangiraga ubuzima bwe muri Amerika, yashakaga gusangira ibyo yari afite. Twatangiye gusengera no gutanga urukundo rwacu n'inkunga y'amafaranga kubanyeshuri bari bakibaye mubihe bitoroshye nkaho John yaturutse. Na none, Yesu yagwije bike mubyo twagombaga kugabana. Ibyiringiro mubyerekezo bye byavutse, kandi ubu dufite inkunga ya benshi. Turashaka guhimbaza Imana dukunda no kwita kubatishoboye.

**John 13:35 "By this all people will know that you are my disciples, if you have love for one another."**

## Impamvu y'Izina "Hope in His Vision"

Twahisemo izina Ibyiringiro mubyerekezo bye (mu icyongereza: Hope in His Vision) kuko dushaka ko abanyeshuri babona ibyiringiro mu Mana nicyerekezo cyubuzima bwabo. Twizera guha imbaraga abo bantu kugirango babone intego bahawe n'Imana dusangira nabo urukundo rwa Kristo binyuze mukwita kubyo bakeneye byibanze, ubuvuzi, nuburere. Abanyeshuri nibamara kurangiza amashuri yisumbuye, dukomeje kubatera inkunga mugihe biga muri kaminuza. Dushyigikiye kandi itsinda ryabanyeshuri barangije amashuri yisumbuye kandi baba kuri Byiringiro muri His Vision Academy. Bitabira kwiga Bibiliya, amasomo yikoranabuhanga, kandi bamara umunsi wabo wose biga imyuga itandukanye. Ibi bibaha amahirwe yo gukora no kwibeshaho ubwabo. Umuyobozi wa Academy ni umunyeshuri urangije kaminuza vuba aha nawe ni impumyi. Arimo kubona ubuzima bwe akorera benewabo na bashiki be batabona. Twizera cyane akamaro ko kubaka umubano nabanyeshuri kugirango tubereke ko bazwi kandi bakunzwe. Turashaka ko societe yubaha abo bantu kandi tukareba icyo bashoboye gukora. Hano harabura amikoro menshi n'amahirwe kubatabona nabafite ubumuga bwo kutabona baba mu Rwanda. John yaje hano muri Amerika kandi aratera imbere muburyo bwinshi. Ntashaka kwibagirwa abaturage bo mu Rwanda. Arashaka kugira uruhare mu kuzana ibikoresho byinshi n'inkunga bikenewe mu gihugu yaturutsemo. Nizere ko uzifuza gufatanya nimbaraga zacu kandi ukagira uruhare muri ibi kugirango Ibyiringiro mubyerekezo bye bikomeze gukura no gutera inkunga abantu benshi bafite ubumuga bwo kutabona kandi bafite ubumuga bwo kutabona bahejejwe inyuma kandi babayeho mubukene.

## Ishakiro
Collectif Tubakunde

Collectif Tubakunde ni ihuriro ry’amashyirahamwe yu Rwanda aharanira uburenganzira bw’abana bafite ubumuga bwo mu mutwe. Icyicaro cyayo cyashinzwe i Kacyiru mu Karere ka Gasabo mu Mujyi wa Kigali. Amashyirahamwe y’abanyamuryango akorera mu turere 23 muri 30 tw’igihugu. Iri huriro rigizwe n’imiryango 26 ryashinzwe ku ya 20 Ukuboza 2005 kugira ngo rigire uruhare mu kurandura ivangura iryo ari ryo ryose rikorerwa abana n’urubyiruko bafite ubumuga bwo mu mutwe.

Ibikorwa byo kunganira uru rubyiruko rufite ubumuga bishyigikirwa na Minisiteri y’imiyoborere y’u Rwanda. ILe Collective iratabara uyu munsi hafi 3.000 muri bo, nk'uko Léoncie Mukamwezi abitangaza,

Uruhare rwa Collectif Tubakunde rujyanye n’ibikenewe n’abafite ubumuga, hamwe n’intego zirambye z’iterambere ndetse n’ingamba z’igihugu zo guhindura ibintu.

## Inshamake
Collectif Tubakunde yunganira abana bafite ubumuga bwo mu mutwe kandi yibanda ku kuzamura ibipimo by’uburezi bwihariye no kwita ku buzima bw’abana bafite ubumuga bwo mu mutwe. Hariho amashuri 38 n’ibigo by’abana bafite ubumuga bwo mu mutwe mu turere 24 bagize Collectif Tubakunde. Bakoresha kimwe mubigo byabo kugirango bagaragaze imikorere myiza izakoreshwa nkigikoresho cyo kunganira. Collectif Tubakunde kandi yunganira ikibazo cyo gusuzuma neza kandi kuri ubu aratanga ibitekerezo mugutegura integanyanyigisho zidasanzwe. Binyuze mu kongera ubushobozi nibikorwa bibyara inyungu, Collectif Tubakunde ifasha amatsinda y'ababyeyi gushinga amakoperative aha ababyeyi ubumenyi nijwi rusange ryo kunganira mu izina ryabana babo.

Uyu muryango uhagarariwe mu itsinda rya minisitiri hamwe na VSO, HI, UNICEF na ADRA ku burezi bwuzuye bwashyizweho na Minisiteri y'Uburezi (MINEDUC). Intego nyamukuru yibikorwa byabakozi ni imbogamizi mu guhugura abarimu mu burezi bwuzuye.

## Inshingano

* Guharanira guteza imbere imibereho-y’ubukungu ihuriweho n’ubumuga bw’abafite ubumuga bwo mu mutwe n’ibibazo by’iterambere ry’iterambere rya politiki, amategeko, ndetse n’inzego.

* Kubaka ubushobozi bwimiryango yabanyamuryango kugirango iterambere rirambye ryabantu

## Ishakiro
Uwezo Youth Empowerment

**Uwezo Youth Empowerment** ni umuryango w'urubyiruko udaharanira inyungu uharanira kubaka ubushobozi bw'abana n'urubyiruko bafite ubumuga mu Rwanda. Uyu muryango uteganya sosiyeti aho abana n’urubyiruko bafite ubumuga n’abandi batishoboye bitabira byimazeyo kandi bakishimira ubuzima bwabo bwiyubashye. UWEZO ikangurira urubyiruko rufite ubumuga kwishyira hamwe no kubaka ubushobozi bwabo mu kugabanya inzitizi muri sosiyete zigabanya uruhare rwabo. UWEZO yizera ko niba urubyiruko rufite ubumuga ruhabwa amahirwe angana yo kwitabira sosiyete umurimo wabo ushobora no guhabwa agaciro. UWEZO igenda ishishikariza urubyiruko rufite ubumuga kwishyirahamwe nkuburyo bwo kutagira akazi ndetse no gukuraho inzitizi za attitudinal mu kazi. 

Yateguye iminsi ibiri mu rwego rwo guteza imbere ubushake bw’igihugu mu rubyiruko rufite ubumuga ku ya 26 na 27 Werurwe 2013 muri Rainbow Hotel, Kigali. Amahugurwa yatewe inkunga na VSO International Rwanda hamwe n’amashyirahamwe y’igihugu y’ubumuga y’u Rwanda (NUDOR). Urubyiruko 45 rufite ubumuga butandukanye rwahuguwe ku bushake bw’igihugu kandi imiryango myinshi isangira ubunararibonye nk’ishyirahamwe ry’abayobora u Rwanda, Abakorerabushake bo mu mashyirahamwe y’ubutabazi

## Amateka
Mu 2003 afite imyaka 19 gusa, BAHATI yagize ubumuga bwo kutabona bitewe nigihe kirekire yakoresheje ibitonyanga byamaso kuri allergie yijisho rye. Byatunguranye cyane mu buzima bwe no mu muryango we kandi nyuma yo gusubizwa mu buzima bwe, nta mahirwe yari afite yo kuvugana na bagenzi be b'urubyiruko kugira ngo abone inkunga y'urungano. Ibi byatewe no kwigunga no gupfobya byaranze urubyiruko rwinshi rufite ubumuga ariko nanone rukabura urubuga rwurubyiruko rwo gusangira ibyababayeho ndetse nibyifuzo byabo. Mu mwaka wa 2010, yitabiriye amahugurwa y’umwaka 1 mu bijyanye no kwihangira imirimo muri Kerala y'Amajyepfo y’Ubuhinde mu kigo cya Kanthari gishinzwe kwihangira imirimo. Agarutse, BAHATI yashishikarije inshuti ze ndetse n’urubyiruko bagenzi be bafite ubumuga umushinga we w’imibereho kandi ku ya 15 Mutarama 2013, UWEZO yashinzwe. UWEZO yabayeho nkumuryango wonyine wubumuga bwambukiranya umuryango washyizweho nurubyiruko rufite ubumuga. Kuva icyo gihe, abamugaye bose bahindagurika bafite isura nshya kandi bakiri bato bagaragajwe no gupfobya, urwikekwe no guhezwa mu mibereho. BAHATI ni intumbero nyayo kandi ihindura kandi kubera gahunda ye, urubyiruko rwinshi rwabafite ubumuga rwakanguriwe kandi rugira uruhare rugaragara mubikorwa bitandukanye biyoborwa n’umuryango ndetse banashishikarizwa kugira uruhare muri gahunda zitandukanye z’igihugu zashyizwe mu bikorwa mu rwego rwo guteza imbere urubyiruko no guteza imbere ubukungu; abaturage.

## Indanganturo
Bahati Satir Omar

**Bahati Satir Omar** ni we washinze Uwezo Youth Empowerment, azwi kandi ku izina rya UWEZO Daddy afite uburambe butandukanye mu buvugizi, guha imbaraga no gucunga gahunda ziteza imbere urubyiruko n'abafite  ubumuga.

## Amateka
Bahati Satir Omar akora nk'umuyobozi n’umuyobozi mukuru wa Uwezo Empowerment Youth Empowerment, akorana n’urubyiruko rufite ubumuga n’imiryango yabo kugira ngo bongere amajwi yabo kugira ngo babishyire mu bikorwa. Yigisha abanyamwuga bato bafite ubumuga kandi abayobora gutsinda ingorane kugirango bagere ahirengeye.

Afite uburambe bwimyaka irenga cumi n'itanu mu rwego rw’abafite ubumuga mu karere, Bahati yagize uruhare runini mu gufasha urubyiruko bagenzi be bafite ubumuga mu Rwanda binyuze mu buvugizi, uburezi butoza, gufasha WASH, kwinjiza imibare, no kubona imibereho.

Yakoranye n’amashyirahamwe n’amatsinda y’abafite ubumuga mu myaka irenga 10 mu Rwanda ndetse anakora ibikorwa byinshi mu nzego z'ibanze, igihugu, uturere ndetse n’amahanga. Ishyaka afite ku mpinduka nziza mu mibereho y'abafite ubumuga bikomoka ku ngorane yahuye nazo no ku cyifuzo cye cyo gutuma bagenzi be babaho ubuzima bushimishije nubwo bafite ubumuga.

Numunyeshuri wa Mandela Washington fellow 2016, rwiyemezamirimo, umujyanama, umutoza n'icyitegererezo kubakiri bato.

Bahati ni umuyoboro uhuza imiyoboro rusange y’abahindura n'abaharanira uburenganzira bw'abafite ubumuga ku isi ndetse ikanubaka ubufatanye n’abafatanyabikorwa batari bake mu Rwanda ndetse no ku isi yose.

Ni umutoza w'inararibonye akaba n'umujyanama ku buringanire bw'abafite ubumuga no kubishyira mu nzego zitandukanye z'iterambere ry'umuntu. Mu byubahiro bya Bahati harimo kumenyekana nk'umwe mu ba rwiyemezamirimo bafite ubumuga bwo kutabona mu Rwanda mu 2013. Mu 2016, Bahati yahawe igihembo cya Mandela Washington Fellowship ku bayobozi bato b'Abanyafurika kandi agaragara muri The Guardian mu baharanira inyungu 10 bahindura ubuzima bw'abafite ubumuga ku isi.

## Ibyo akunda
Bahati akunda gushaka inshuti, gukora urugendo, urwenya, siporo, kwidagadura, gukora mimicry n'abandi.

## Indanganturo
Ubuyobozi bw'Inama y'igihugu y'abafite ubumuga

## NCPD

### Ubuyobozi bw'inama y'inama y'abafite ubumuga  NCPD  buratangaza yuko harikwigaho abavukana ubumuga bwomumutwe bajya bahabwa ubuvuzi bwuzuye nkuko baba babyandikiwe na muganga.

Sikenshi usanga bantu bafite ubumuga baba bafite amikoro ahajyije mubuvuzi 

bwabo ntibiba binangana , n'umubiri wumuntu nago wakira ibintu kimwe 

umwe ashobora gucyirara  inshuro makumyabiri undi agacyenera 30 , icyo nacyo

mubyo dushaka kocyizacyemuka nacyo kirimo kuko muganga niwe ujyenga

umuntu ijyihe azacyirira ngo ijyihe nicyi.https://www.kigalitoday.com/amakuru/amakuru-mu-rwanda/article/abafite-ubumuga-bwo-mu-mutwe-barasaba-guhabwa-ubuvuzi-bwuzuye

Nubwo abafite ubumuga serivise bacyenera  kwa muganga atarko zose zishyurirwa kuri metual

ariko mubihe  byavuba zijyeye kujya zishyingirwa na mitual nkuko Emmanuel Ndayisaba

abisobanura ati muminsi ishize harumuyobozi wo muri RSSB anyemerera ko ubu 

ajyiye guhita areba ibyinshi mubyo batatangaga  bakabirekura kuberako hari uburyo 

igihugu cyashyizeho  bwokojyera ubushobozi bwa mitual, imamvu aha tuhatsimbarara

ni uko icyiciro tureberera ahanini gikoresha ubwo bwishingizi.https://www.kigalitoday.com/amakuru/amakuru-mu-rwanda/article/abafite-ubumuga-bwo-mu-mutwe-barasaba-guhabwa-ubuvuzi-bwuzuye

Umunsi muzamahanga w'abafite ubumuga uzaba wizihizwa kunshuro ya 31 kurubu 

ukaba ufite insanganyamatsiko igira iti DUFATANYE NABANTU BAFITE UBUMUGA 

TUJYERE KUNTEGO ZIRAMBYE.https://www.kigalitoday.com/amakuru/amakuru-mu-rwanda/article/abafite-ubumuga-bwo-mu-mutwe-barasaba-guhabwa-ubuvuzi-bwuzuye

#### INDANGANTURO
1.https://www.kigalitoday.com/amakuru/amakuru-mu-rwanda/article/abafite-ubumuga-bwo-mu-mutwe-barasaba-guhabwa-ubuvuzi-bwuzuye

2.https://www.kigalitoday.com/amakuru/amakuru-mu-rwanda/article/abafite-ubumuga-bwo-mu-mutwe-barasaba-guhabwa-ubuvuzi-bwuzuye

3.https://www.kigalitoday.com/amakuru/amakuru-mu-rwanda/article/abafite-ubumuga-bwo-mu-mutwe-barasaba-guhabwa-ubuvuzi-bwuzuye
LeTourneau Empowering Global Solutions

**LeTourneau Engineering Global Solutions** ( **LEGS** ) ni umuryango udaharanira inyungu, ni igikorwa kidaharanira inyungu gifite icyicaro i Longview, muri Texas, cyibanda ku kuzana by' udushya, buhendutse cyane,  hari na tekinoroji yo mu rwego rwo hejuru ku bantu bo mu bihugu biri mu nzira y'amajyambere yibanda kubantu bafite ubumuga utandukanye. Ibyibandwaho mu ikoranabuhanga rya LEGS ni M1 Knee, ivi rya polycentrike, ni ivuriro ryujuje ubuziranenge mpuzamahanga kandi rishobora gukorerwa mu karere ku madorari 15 y'abanyamerika . 

## Amateka
Mu mpeshyi yo muri 2005, ni uburyo bwa mbere bwa LEGS yakozwe na porositate yakozwe kandi igeragezwa muri CURE International 's Bethany Crippled Children Centre muri Kijabe, ho muri Kenya. Dr. Gonzalez hamwe n’abanyeshuri be bane bakuru biga ibijyanye n’ubuhanga bamaranye ibyumweru bitatu batanga Abanyakenya bamugaye bagera ku icumi, cyane cyane abana, bafite amaguru ya prostate. Batanze kandi ibikoresho fatizo byo gukora amaguru y'inyongera. 

Muri 2010 LEGS yabaye iya LIMBS International umuryango udaharanira inyungu  kandi yagiye ihinduka muburyo bw'ikoranabuhanga na serivisi.

### Laboratware ishingiye ku isuzuma
Itsinda ry’ubushakashatsi bwa LEGS hamwe nu buzima busanzwe, inshingano zo gusuzuma ibyavuye mu barwayi bakoresheje ikoranabuhanga rya porositate na LEGS ndetse no gushyiraho umurongo ngenderwaho w’aba porositateisite n’abavuzi bakoresha mu gusubiza mu buzima busanzwe abarwayi bakoresheje ikoranabuhanga. Ibi bikubiyemo guteza imbere gahunda zo gusuzuma laboratwore muri Amerika kimwe no gusuzuma imirima ku rubuga rwa LEGS mu mahanga.

## Reba

## Ihuza ryo hanze

* www.limbsinternational.org
* www.legsforall.com
* www.legsresearch.org
Liberating Technologies

**Liberating Technologies, Inc,** ni isosiyete izwi cyane ku izina rya **LTI,** ni isosiyete ikora ubushakashatsi n'iterambere ry'ibikoresho bikoreshwa n'abafite ubumuga bifitwe na Coapt,  LLC kandi ifite icyicaro i Holliston, Massachusetts muri amerika.

LTI kabuhariwe mu bushakashatsi no mu majyambere hamwe n’inkunga yatanzwe n’ubushakashatsi yatewe inkunga na Minisiteri y’Ingabo, Ibigo by’Ubuzima by’igihugu, Ubuyobozi bw’abasirikare, n’ibindi bigo.

Byongeye kandi, izwi kuri Boston Digital Arm, prothèse ni iya mbere ya microcontroller.

Muri 2021, LTI yaguzwe na Coapt, LLC, akaba ari umuyoboro wo kumenyekanisha imiterere ya myoelectrike.

## Reba

## Ihuza ryo hanze

* '''Kubohoza urubuga rwa tekinoroji''' .
* '''Parike ya Koleji - Ubushakashatsi''' .
Open Bionics

**Gufungura Bionics** ni sosiyete ikomoka  mu bwongereza itezimbere ibikoresho by'abamugaye ku giciro gito,hamwe na 3D, ikorwa na bionike hamwe n'amaboko ya amputees hamwe no munsi y' inkokora. Amaboko ya bionic arakora neza hamwe n'intoki, bio ibitekerezo b'inyeganyeza hamwe ukuboko, nibikorwa bitandukanye ugukoresha, harimo nko gufata, gukubita, kuzamura hejuru cyangwa hasi, gukubita inshyi no gutunga igikumwe. Isosiyete ikorera imbere muri Future Space, ifatanije na Laboratware ya Birisitole .  Isosiyete yashinzwe muri 2014 na Joel Gibbard MBE na Samantha Payne MBE .
## Ubufatanye
Muri 2015, Disney na Open Bionics batangaje ubufatanye mugukora prothètique yari insanganyamatsiko y'intwari ku bakobwa bato.  Muri uwo mwaka, isosiyete yatsindiye igihembo cya James Dyson muri 2015 mu Bwongereza kubera ubwubatsi bushya   na Tech4Good's 2015 Accessibility Award.   Muri 2016, yatsindiye igihembo cya Bloomberg Business Innovators.  

Muri Mutarama 2019, James Cameron na Century 20st Century Fox bafatanije na Open Bionics mu guha umwana w’imyaka 13 waciwe kabiri Tilly Lockey inkweto za Alita spired bionike ikaba  Intwari ya mbere ya Londere ya Alita Intambara ya Angel .  Lockey yatakaje amaboko yombi ubwo yarwara meningococcal septicemia ubwo yari afite amezi 15 y'amavuko. 

## Inkunga
Muri Mutarama 2019, Open Bionics yakusanyije Series A inkunga ya miliyoni 5.9.   Iki cyiciro cyari kiyobowe kandi Foresight Williams Technology Technology EIS Fund, Ananda Impact Ventures hamwe na Downing Ventures, bitabiriye itsinda rya F1's Williams Advanced Engineering Group hamwe nabandi benshi.  

## Reba
TouchBionics

Touch EMAS (Edinburgh Modular Arm System) yashinzwe na David Gow kandi niyo sosiyete ya mbere yaturutse mu kigo cy’igihugu cy’ubuzima bw'abafite ubumuga m’Ubwongereza. Gifite umutungo w'ubwenge washingiye kubitecyerezo bya David Gow n'itsinda rye mu kigo cya Bioengineering, Ibitaro by'umuganwakazi Margaret Rose, Edinburgh. Aho yahawe igihembo cya SMART muri kamena 2002 kugirango atezimbere ikiganza cyayo cya porositate nyuma yaho yaje kuba i-Limb Hand. Yaje kwakiriye inkunga yatazwe na syndicat ya Archangels ikorera muri Edinburgh muri Werurwe 2003. Yavuzwe nk'umuyobozi w'isi mu buhanga bwo mu bwoko bwa porositate.

Muri 2005 isosiyete yiswe TouchBionics. Ikoresha abantu barenga 120 muri Scotland, Ubudage na USA.Yagurishijwe Össur muri 2016 kuri miliyoni 25.5. 

## Reba
Ishyirahamwe ry'abanyamuryango b’amashyirahamwe y’abafite ubumuga bo muri Afurika-AADISAO

**African Association for Disability and self advocacy organizations-AADISAO**

Ni ishyirahamwe ry'abanyamuryango b’amashyirahamwe y’abafite ubumuga bo muri Afurika, abunganira, ababyeyi, abagize umuryango, abashakashatsi, abarezi, abunganira, abayobozi, abantu ku giti cyabo n’imiryango ishishikajwe n’ibibazo by’ubumuga. Intego yacu ni uguteza imbere politiki n’ibikorwa by’abafite ubumuga muri Afurika, gushyigikira ubufatanye n’ubufatanye mu gihe dutezimbere uburezi, amahugurwa atandukanye, ubuyobozi, ubushakashatsi bwuzuye, gusangira ubumenyi, gukusanya umutungo n’ubufasha bwa tekinike, gukwirakwiza amakuru, no kugeza imiryango y’abanyamuryango.

## Intego

AADISAO yiyemeje gukora ubuvugizi kuri politiki y’ubumuga burimo abantu bose, gukora ubushakashatsi bwimbitse, amahugurwa atandukanye no kurengera uburenganzira bw’abafite ubumuga bw’umubiri, ubwenge n’iterambere ndetse n’ubuzima bwo mu mutwe bakeneye. Ishyirahamwe ryacu rigizwe nurusobe rwimiryango iharanira ubumuga, abayobozi, abashakashatsi, abanyamwuga, abaparakomando, abagize umuryango ndetse n'abunganira. Hamwe nurusobe rwabakorerabushake nabaterankunga, dukomeje kuba ijwi ryabo dukorera.

## Inshingano
Inshingano za AADISAO ni uguteza imbere ubuvugizi bw’abafite ubumuga, serivisi, n’inkunga muri Afurika binyuze mu ihuriro ry’amashyirahamwe y’abafite ubumuga kandi bafite ishyaka, ababana n’ubumuga bw’umubiri, ubwenge, n’iterambere, hamwe n’ubuzima bwo mu mutwe.

## Icyerekezo

Kwakira ubushobozi bwose nkigice cyingenzi, gihuriweho na buri gihugu cyumuryango nyafurika. 

Kwemera Indangagaciro, Kubazwa, Kwiyemeza, Guhuza, Kwicisha bugufi, Ubunyangamugayo, Ubumenyi, Ubuyobozi, Kubahana, Optimism, Organisation, Gukorera mu mucyo, no kwizerana

## Ishakiro
Neuticles

**Neuticles** ni insimburangingo ikomeye yitwa porosithetike y'abantu bafite ubumuga hamwe ubuzima bw'izindi nyamaswa zo mu rugo.  Guterwa bishobora kuba bikozwe muri polyporopilene cyangwa silicone . 

## Amateka
Gregg Miller yateje imbere igitekerezo cya Neuticles cyari gikomeye cyane, Buck, yatewe kugira ngo ahagarike inzererezi.  Miller, hamwe na veterineri, batanze uburyo bwo gutera Neuticles.  Kugurisha igitekerezo cye, Miller yashinze ikigo cya CTI (Canine Testicular Implant),  kandi Neuticles ya mbere y'ubucuruzi yatewe muri 1995.  Miller yatsindiye igihembo cya Ig Nobel mu buvuzi muri 2005, kikaba ari parode y'igihembo cyitiriwe Nobeli, kubera guhimba Neuticles gusa.  

## Abatavuga rumwe na leta
Mu Bwongereza, urwego rushinzwe kugenzura abaveterineri, Royal College of Veterinary Surgeons, ruvuga ko gukoresha uburyo bwo ari bwo bwose bwo kubaga amavuta yo kwisiga bidakwiye. 

Inama y’abavuzi bo muri  Nuvele Zelande igira iti  kwinjiza neuticles ( testicles prostique ) ntibishoboka kuba bifite ishingiro. Ubu buryo nta nyungu bugirira inyamaswa kandi bushobora gukoreshwa mu guhisha inenge zishingiye ku ngirabuzima fatizo.

## Umuco uzwi

## Reba

## Ihuza ryo hanze

* Urubuga rwa Neuticles
*
Amategeko n'amateka birengera abafite ubumuga mu Rwanda

Igitabo cy'urwunge rw'amategeko n'amateka birengera abafite ubumuga mu Rwanda iki gitabo cyashyizweho umukono

na leta kuya 01/03/2016 I Kigali  ni igitabo gikubiyemo amategeko n'amateka arengera abafite ubumuga mu Rwanda

## Amwe mu mategeko arengera abafite ubumuga mu Rwanda
ITEGEKO  N° 01/2007 RYO KUWA  20/01/2007 RIRENGERA ABAFITE UBUMUGA MURI RUSANGE

ITEGEKO  Nº02/2007 RYO KUWA 20/01/2007 RIRENGERA ABARI INGABO BAMUGARIYE KURUGAMBA 

ITEKA RYA MINISITIRI  N° 01/2009 RYO KUWA  19/6/2009 RIGENA UBURYO BWO KOROHEREZA ABAFITE UBUMUGA GUKORA NO GUKURIKIRANA IBIKORWA BY'UMUCO N'IMYIDAGADURO N'IMIKINO

ITEKA RYA MINISITIRI N° 01/cab.M/09 RYO KUWA  27/07/2009 RIGENA UBURYO INYUBAKO ZITZNGIRWAMO SERIVICE ZITZNDUKANY ZIKORERWA ABATURAGE ZIGOMBA KUBA ZITEYE MUBURYO BWO KOROHEREZA  ABAFITE UBUMUGA 

ITEKA RYA MINISITIRI N° 20/18 RYO KUWA 27/7/2009 RIGENA UKO ABAFITE UBUMUGA BASHYIRWA MU BYICIRO SHINGIRO HAKURIKIJWE UBUMUGA BWABO

ITEKA RYA MINISITIRI  N°20/19 RYO KUWA  27/7/2009 RIGENA UBURYO BWO KOROHEREZA ABAFITE UBUMUGA MU KWIVUZA 

ITEKA RYA MINISITIRI N° 03/19.19 RYO KUWA  27/7/2009 RIGENA UBURYO BWO KOROHERREZA  ABAFITE UBUMUGA KUBONA UMURIMO .....

Aya mategeko kimwe nandi akubiye muri iki gitabo yashyizweho na leta yu Rwanda muburyo bwo korohereza abafite ubumuga mu Rwanda

ndetse no kubarengera.

## Amasezerano mpuzamahanga kuburenganzira bw'abantu bafite ubumuga
Integonyaya masezerano ni uguteza imbere, kurengera no guha uburenganzira bwa muntu busesuye n'ubwisanzure bw'ibanze abantu bose bafite ubumuga no kiubaha icyubahiro cyabo bakwiye mubuzima bwa buri munsi.

## Bariza hano
SynCardia Systems

**SynCardia Systems, LLC**, ni sosiyete ifite icyicaro i Tucson, muri Arizona, yashinzwe muri 2001 kandi ni yo yonyine ikora kandi itanga isoko yonyine yemewe ku isi kandi yemewe mu bucuruzi bw'utwuma twudukorano dufasha Umutima gukora neza. 

SynCardia ni agakoresho k'agateganyo ku mutima mu bikorwa bitandukanye (TAH) umaze imyaka irenga 35 ukoreshwa mubuvuzi. 

## Amateka
Muri 2004, FDA yemeje ko SynCardia TAH ( aho yahoze yitwa " CardioWest y'agateganyo y'umutima w'umukorano ") nk'ikiraro cyo gucyigikira  umutima 

Muri Nzeri 2016, SynCardia yaguzwe na Versa Capital Management, LLC, ikigo cyinini cy’ishoramari ry’imigabane ya Philadelphiya ikorera mu mujyi wa Philadelphia muri america hanyuma igurwa na Piccard Medical muri Nzeri 2021, itanga ubundi buryo bw’imari n’ibikorwa. 

Inyandiko yerekanwe muri SynCardia TAH yasohotse muri 2016.  Patrick Schnegelsberg yagizwe umuyobozi mukuru wa SynCardia . 

## Reba kandi

* Umutima wubukorikori
* Indangantego yumutima
* Wayne Griffin
* Jack G. Copeland

## Reba
Ottobock

Ottobock SE & Co KGaA, ikorera ahahoze ari Otto Bock, ni isosiyete ikorera mu gihugu cyu Budage muri Duderstadt, ikora ibijyanye n'ikoranabuhanga ry'amagufwa. Ifatwa nku muyobozi w'isoko ry'isi mubijyanye na porositothique kandi numwe mubatanga isoko ry'ambere muri orthotics, intebe y'abamugaye na exoskeletons.

Muri 2019, Itsinda rya Ottobock muri rusange ryinjije miliyari z'amayero 1,002 ifite abakozi 8.367 ku isi.

## Amateka

### Urufatiro kugeza 1945
Isosiyete yashinzwe ku ya 13 Mutarama 1919  nka *Orthopädische Industrie GmbH* i Berlin n’itsinda rikikije uruganda rukomoka i Krefeld,  kugira ngo rutange prothèse n’ibicuruzwa by’amagufwa ku bihumbi byinshi by’intambara by’intambara z’Intambara ya Mbere y'Isi Yose .  Otto Bock yabaye umuyobozi ushinzwe umusaruro muri iki cyiciro. Yimukiye mu buyobozi bw'ikigo mu 1924 arangije atangira kuba umuyobozi wenyine mu 1927.  Mu mpera z'Ukwakira 1933, Bock, winjiye muri NSDAP muri Gicurasi, isosiyete ishaje iseswa kandi yishyura abanyamigabane basigaye. Isosiyete yiswe *Orthopedic Industry Otto Bock* muri Königsee . 

### 1990 kugeza uyu munsi

Mu kuboza 2019, Banki y’ishoramari ry’ibihugu by’i Burayi ( EIB ) yatangaje ko izafasha Ottobock ikagera kuri miliyoni 100 z’amayero kugira ngo ishyigikire iterambere ry’ibicuruzwa bishya. 

Hamwe n'igisekuru gishya cya orthose guhera muri 2018 kuva muri societe, tekinoroji ya sensor igenga imyifatire n'icyiciro cy'ikirenge cya maguru mu gihe cy'izenguruka.  Ibi bifasha kugera kubintu bisanzwe bigenda. nka Exoskeleton, ibicuruzwa by'ambere by'ubucuruzi bushya bwa Ottobock Bionic Exoskeletons ni ishami ry'ubucuruzi, bigabanya ibibazo by'imirimo yo hejuru.  

## Ibikorwa

## Imikino ya Paralympike

Ottobock ni umufatanyabikorwa mpuzamahanga muri komite mpuzamahanga y'abamugaye (IPC) kuva muri 2005, akaba atanga serivisi za tekinike mu mikino Paralempike kuva muri 1988. 

I Rio ku ya 10 Nzeri, perezida wa IPC, Sir Philip Craven, yatangaje ko Ottobock yemeye kongera ubufatanye kurwego rw’isi yose kugeza mu mpera za 2020, bikubiyemo imikino Paralympike yo muri 2020 izabera i Tokiyo. 

## Reba

## Ihuza ryo hanze

*
Amasezerano mpuzamahanga kuburenganzira bw'abantu bafite ubumuga

Aya masezerano yashyiriweho abantu bafite ubumuga mu rwego rwo kubarengera ndetse no kubaha icyubahiro

cyabo ba kwiye mubuzima rusange

## Ingingo yambere y'amasezerano
Intego y'aya masezerano ni uguteza imbere, kurengera no guha uburenganzira bwa muntu busesuye n'ubwisanzure bw'ibanze abantu bose bafite ubumuga no kubaha icyubahiro cyabo ndakuka.

Abantu bafite ubumuga barimo abafite ubumuga bw'igihe kirekire, bw'ingingo, bwo mumutwe, bwo mumutekerereze n'ibyiyumvo hamwe nizindi nzitizi, ubumubuga bushobora gutuma batagaragaza  uruhare rwabo mumuryango kimwe n'abandi mu Rwanda.

## Ingingo ya kabiri, ikubiyemo ubusobanura bw'amagambo akoreshwa
Uburyo bwo guhana amakuru burimo, indimi, inyandiko isanzwe, inyandiko isomwa n'abatabona, guhana ubutumwa hakoreshejwe intoki, Inyuguti nini, ibitangaza makuru byanditse kimwe n'ibikoresha amajwi, n'ibimenyetso bikoreshwa muguhana amakuru.

Ubushobozi n'uburyo bunyuranye bunyuzwamo amakuru, harimo nuburyo amakuru n'ikoranabuhanga mu itumanaho bigerwaho kuburyo bworoheye abafite ubumuga.

Ururimi rukubiyemo kuvuga cyangwa gukoresha ibimenyetso kimwe n'ubundi buryo bwo guhana amakuru utavuga.

Ivangura rishingiye kubumuga bivuga gutandukanya ,guheza cyangwa se kugira ibyo ubuza umuntu hashingiwe kuba amugaye, bigamije cyangwa bifite ingaruka zo gutubya cyangwa kuburizamo amahirwe yo kwemererwa kubasha kwishimira cyangwa gukoresha kimwe n'abandi uburenganzira bwose kimwe n'ubwisanzure bw'ibanze muri politiki, mu bukungu, mumibanire, mumuco, mubyimbonezamubano, ndetse no muzindi nzego. ririmo ivangura iryo ariryo ryose harimo no kudateganyirizwa aho bagenewe haba umudendezo.

si izi ngingo gusa kandi mu Rwanda kimwe nahandi ku Isi hari ingingo nyinshi mumategeko zishinzwe kurengera abfite ubumuga

## Ishakiro
Pan African Network for Persons with Psychosocial Disabilities (PANPPD)

Pan African Network of People with Psychosocial Disability yashinzwe nkumuryango wa Continental uhagarariye ijwi ryemewe ryabantu babana nubumuga bwo mumutwe muri Afurika.

## Amateka
Yashinzwe 2005 Kampala Uganda, Itegeko Nshinga ryemejwe ku mugaragaro 15 Ukwakira 2011, Cape Town (Afurika y'Epfo). Ku intego yo guhagararira abantu bafite ubumuga bwo mu mutwe muri Afurika; kongera ubufatanye ku mugabane hagati y’imiryango iteza imbere kandi ikarengera uburenganzira bw’abafite ubumuga bwo mu mutwe.

## Inshingano
Pan African Network yabantu bafite ubumuga bwo mu mutwe yashizweho nkumuryango wa Continental uhagarariye ijwi ryemewe ryabantu bafite ubumuga bwo m'umutwe muri Afrika. Igamije kongera ubufatanye ku mugabane hagati y’imiryango iteza imbere kandi ikarengera uburenganzira bw’abafite ubumuga bwo mu mutwe.

## Intego

* Kugenzura niba imiryango y'abanyamuryango ikora hagamijwe kuzamura imibereho y’abafite ubumuga bwo mu mutwe muri Afurika kugira ngo basubize icyubahiro cyabo kandi bagere ku burenganzira n’amahirwe angana;

* Gukora nk'uburyo bwo kunganira abantu bugamije ubutabera mbonezamubano, uburenganzira bwa muntu, kongerera ubushobozi, iterambere ry’imibereho no kugira uruhare rwuzuye no kwinjiza abantu bose bafite ubumuga bwo mu mutwe muri Afurika;

* Guteza imbere ishyirwaho ry’imiryango y’igihugu no gushyigikira no guteza imbere umurimo wabo n’imiryango isanzwe;

* Guhuza no kubaka umubano n’indi miryango itegamiye kuri leta, imiryango itegamiye kuri leta, inzego z’akarere, guverinoma n’izindi nzego n’abantu ku giti cyabo kugira ngo bakomeze inshingano zayo; na

* Kuba ihuriro nyafurika nuyoboro wo kungurana ubumenyi, kuzamura imyumvire no guteza imbere ubushakashatsi bujyanye nubumuga bwo mu mutwe.

## Ishakiro
Össur

**Össur hf.** ni sosiyete ikorera muri Isilande iteza imbere,  ikora kandi ikagurisha ibikoresho byose bishobora kubungabunga amagufwa, harimo guteranya no gushyigikira ibicuruzwa, kuvura compressiyo, hamwe na prostate . Isosiyete ifite icyicaro i Reykjavík, ifite ibiro muri Amerika, Uburayi, na Aziya, hamwe n'abayatanga ku yandi masoko.

## Amateka
Össur yashinzwe muri Isilande mu 1971 na Össur Kristinsson, nka prostothiste . Umuryango we wari ufite iyi sosiyete kugeza muri 1999, igihe yagiye kwisoko kandi yashyizwe ku isoko ry’imigabane rya Islande . Ku ikubitiro, iyi sosiyete yakoreraga gusa isoko ry’imbere mu gihugu cya Islande, hanyuma itangira kohereza hanze muri 1986 kandi yaguka   binyuze mu buryo bwo kugura ingamba. Össur yashyizwe ku isoko ry’imari n'imigabane rya NASDAQ Copenhagen kuva muri 2009 kandi yizihiza imyaka 20 ari isosiyete igurishwa ku mugaragaro muri 2019,    inzogera yo gufunga   isoko rya Nasdaq ku rubuga rwa New York's Times Square . Kugeza muri 2019 ikoresha abantu barenga 3.500 ahantu hasaga 25. 

### Kugura
Kuva mu 2000, Össur yaguze ibigo birenga 20:

* 2000 - Skóstofan 
* 2000 - Flex-Foot, Inc.
* 2000 - PI Ubuvuzi AB. 
* 2000 - Karlsson & Bergstrom AB. 
* 2000 - Ikinyejana cya XXII Udushya, Inc.
* 2003 - Imitekerereze ya Linea AB.
* 2003 - Igisekuru cya kabiri Itsinda, Inc 
* 2005 - Ibikoresho bigezweho bya Prosthetic
* 2005 - Royce Medical, Inc.
* 2005 - Ibicuruzwa byubuvuzi bishya, Ltd.
* 2005 - Ubuvuzi bwa GBM AB.
* 2006 - Innovation Sports, Inc.
* 2006 - Itsinda rya Gibaud 
* 2007 - SOMAS
* 2010 - Abafatanyabikorwa ba orthopedie Afurika 
* 2012 - Inganda zubwihindurize
* 2013 - TeamOlmed 
* 2016 - Kora kuri Bionics  
* 2017 - Prosthetics ya Medi
* 2019 - Inganda za Parike za Koleji 
* 2023 - Prosthetike yambaye ubusa
* 2024 - FIOR & GENTZ 

### Ubushakashatsi n'iterambere

## Ikipe Össur
Ikipe ya Össur n'itsinda ryaba para siporo mpuzamahanga batewe inkunga na Össur. Abatanze ibiganiro barimo Sarah Reinertsen, Markus Rehm, Jody Cundy na Rudy Garcia-Tolson .

## Inyandiko

## Ihuza ryo hanze
Ihuriro ny'afurika ry’abafite ubumuga-ADF)

**Ihuriro ny'afurika ry’abafite ubumuga(Mu [[icyongereza]]: The African Disability Forum-ADF)** 

N'umuryango w’abanyamuryango b’umugabane w’amashyirahamwe y’abafite ubumuga (DPOs) muri Afurika. ADF yashinzwe ku mugaragaro mu 2014, irashaka gushimangira no guhuza amajwi ahagarariye Abanyafurika bafite ubumuga, imiryango yabo ndetse n’imiryango. Umugabane wa Afurika ni mwinshi hamwe n’uturere twinshi two mu karere, ku buryo bidashoboka ko umuryango umwe ushobora kwerekana mu buryo butaziguye kandi bwuzuye kandi uhagarariye ubwo butandukanye. ADF rero ikubiyemo kandi yubaka kumashyirahamwe ariho, imiyoboro, ubushobozi nubutsinzi. ADF ntabwo isimbuye umugabane uwo ariwo wose uriho cyangwa umugabane wo mukarere ahubwo ihamagarira bose kuba abanyamuryango ba ADF. ADF iharanira kwishyira hamwe no kwishora no kwerekana ibitekerezo bya federasiyo yose isanzweho, Afurika, uturere ndetse n’igihugu cya DPOs.

ADF ni umuryango wigenga, uharanira demokarasi, aho abahagarariye DPO ari abanyamuryango kandi bafata ibyemezo. ADF yita cyane cyane ku ruhare rw’abagore n’urubyiruko bafite ubumuga mu nzego zose no mu bikorwa byayo. Imiterere y’imiyoborere ya ADF yoroheje hamwe n’inama Nyobozi y’abanyamuryango 9 n’ibiro bito bya ADF biherereye i Addis Abeba, byibanda ku itumanaho n’iterambere ry’abanyamuryango ndetse n’ibikorwa byo kongerera ubushobozi. ADF ikora ku bufatanye n’imiryango yose isangiye intego za ADF kandi igateza imbere uburenganzira no kwinjiza ababana n’ubumuga muri Afurika.

## Intego

* Guhuriza hamwe no kongera ijwi ry’abafite ubumuga, imiryango yabo n’imiryango muri Afurika ku rwego rw’igihugu, uturere ndetse n’amahanga.

* Gushimangira ubushobozi bw’amashyirahamwe y’abafite ubumuga muri Afurika guteza imbere uburenganzira no kwinjiza ababana n’ubumuga n'imiryango yabo.

## Icyerekezo
Intego ya ADF ni uguharanira uburenganzira no kwinjiza abantu bose bafite ubumuga muri Afurika hubakwa umuryango ukomeye w’ubumuga w’Afurika w’ubumuga n’ijwi ry’abafite ubumuga n’imiryango yabo.

## Ubuturo
Kurengera inzitizi zubumuga zizitira imirire ibibazo by'hodari bikoraho

## Ubufasha bw 'UNICEF mu Iterambere ry'Uburezi bwabana bafite ubumuga

UNICEF irashyira icyizere mu kugira uburezi bwa buri mwana bafite ubumuga, ikaba yemereye itegereza rya Hodari mu Rwanda.

## Iterambere ry'Uburezi rya Hodari

Mu mudugudu mwiza wa Kayonza, Rwanda, urugendo rwa Hodari mu iterambere ry'uburezi rwibuka nk'imiryango isigaye ifasha mu buri mwana. Hodari, umunyamabanga w'imyaka 14, yise abigishwa nk'uko abavuga, akwiye gusaba kuba umuntu nta gihe afite ibishoboka. Ahubwo, n'ubwo akaba yaramaze kubisobanura, ari mu iterambere rya UNICEF, akomeza kwigira mu bice by'iterambere ry'uburezi budaheza.

Hodari akorana n'abandi bana barenga 50 mu ishuri, aho buri wese yabwira guhindura umutima we. Igisigo kiremereye cyagaragaje igihe mwalimu we avuga ko aravuga.

## Guhinduka ku Bimenyetso

Yavutse n'ubumuga bwo mu mutwe, Hodari yatangiye gukora amagambo n'ibindi by'iterambere ku gihe cy'aho yari umunyamabanga w'intwari. Ubusambanyi bw'umwana, bukoresha isura y'umutwe, bubumbatira amaso by'umugambi we. Icyo gihe cyose, Immaculée, umubyeyi wa Hodari, atunguranye n'ubuhamya bwe yamaze kuba yarigeye, asabaga kumubasha kugira ngo abone icyo abakozi babana n'abaturage barasaba.

Immaculée, aho ashaka kwibuka inyito ya Hodari mu kubyara no kumva ibitangaza by'uburezi, imureze umwana we ku ishuri kugirango akure uruhare rwe. Bakozi b'ishuri, bishyira mu bikorwa n'abaturage b'umubyeyi, bakomeza gukemura ibyaha bikomeye by'iterambere ry'uburezi budaheza.

## Ishuri Rishingiye kuburezi

Mu bihumbi by'uburezi bw'u Rwanda, Hodari atangiye gukora mu ngingo y'amahungu y'uburezi. Ibirori by'uburezi budaheza, bifasha abana b'abandi n'abana bafite ubumuga kwigira mu rugo, bigiye kugenzura ubuntu n'umunyamabanga.

## Guhaguruka kw'Umurimo

Charlotte, mwalimu wa Hodari, arayemera uburezi bwawe mu gusoma no kwandika. Ku mugaragaro, ikibazo cy'uburezi kibaho muri ibi bihumbi bitandukanye bigatuma abana b'abandi bazamurikira. Isura y'umutima wa Hodari yaje kuzamurika mu gihe cyose, ishushanya amasomo agira n'iyi nkuru.

## Ibikorwa

Ubuhamya bw'ababyeyi, bukeye mu bana babo, bushobora gufasha mu kuzamurika kw'abana. Hodari, wiganjemo mu bikorwa by'ishuri n'ahandi, yavuze ko ashaka kuba Minisitiri w'Uburezi, ijambo ribumbira ubutwari n'uburezi budaheza.

## Ubusanzwe

Ibyo ubufasha bw'UNICEF buzwi neza mu iterambere ry'uburezi rya Hodari. Igihugu cyacu, cya bose, kikwiye gushyira imbaraga mu buri mwana, nk'uko aho kwigira mu rugo kugira ngo ukeneye ukuntu igihe cyose. Twishimira ibikorwa by'abanyeshuri n'abakozi b'ishuri, kandi dukomeza kwigarurira amahugurwa ashingiye ku bana b'abahawe uburezi budaheza, nta wundi ufasha ariko UNICEF.

sura urubuga rwa UNICEF ukanze aha
Kwigisha Abana Bafite Ubumuga

## Kwigisha Abana Bafite Ubumuga

Umubano w'abana bafite ubumuga n'ubushukanyi bwabo buri muri iki kigo Ubumwe Community Center, mu karere ka Rubavu mu burengerazuba bw'u Rwanda, ni igicuruzwa cya mahirwe cyashyizweho. Emmanuela Tuyishime, w'imyaka 24, afite ubumuga bw’amaguru yombi n’ukuboko, akaba yarabonye icyo kigo nk'umusaruro w'ibikorwa byiza.

Mu gukora amafoto, umwuga wo kudoda, no mu kwigisha abana bafite ubumuga, Emmanuela avuga ko byandinze ubushukanyi bw’abasore bari hanze. Akomeza avuga ko kubana ubumuga ntibiga, kandi ashaka kubashukisha, kubabwira inzu kugira ngo ashobore kubohoka. Uwimana Pascal, w’imyaka 46, se w'abana batatu, ni umwe mu bafite ubumuga bw’amaguru yombi yari arashyiraho. Afite abana baba batatu bafite ubumuga butandukanye, aho kuba bamwe mu bakozi b'iki kigo.

Pascal aragira ati: "Iyo ufite urugingo rwatakaye, urundi rugomba gukora cyane. Hari ijisho rivuyemo, irindi rigomba gukora cyane. Ubuze akaboko, akandi kagomba gukora cyane kugira ngo 

gahe abandi icyitegererezo."

Iki kigo, cyashinzwe mu 2008, kibarura abakabakaba 1000, barimo abo gifasha mu kubigisha imyuga n'abo kigoboka mu rwego rw’ubuvuzi. N'ubwo bigoye, aba bakozi b'iki kigo bafite ubushobozi bwo kwiga ibintu bimwe na bimwe kandi bakabifata, bitewe n'ubwitwa 'autism'. Ubwo nasanze, bafitanye urugero mu kwiga umuziki.iki kigo kikaba kitwa(HVP GATAGARA).

## Isoko

Mu bihe byose, abana bafite ubumuga bavuga ko ubumuga bw'ingingo bushobora kuba imbogamizi ku muntu ubufite ariko ko atari impamvu yo kumva ko ubuzima buhagaze. Ikigo Ubumwe Community Center cyashinzwe mu 2008 n’abategamiye kuri leta, cyarabonewe mu gukomeza kwigisha abana bafite ubumuga. Kugira ngo umwana wawe afite umurimo mwiza muri iki kigo, baza kubaha ikigo cyashinzwe mu mwanya wawe, cyo kubafasha mu kubona insimburangingo, kubavuza, no kubigisha imyuga.

## Igitangaje

Ubumuga mu bana ni ikimenyetso cy'umuryango mwiza n'umwambaro w'imikorere y'abana. Iki kigo cyakira abana bafite ubumuga mu myaka ishize, kibasaba ubushobozi bwo kwiga, gusoma, no kubandanya ibintu byinshi by'ibanze. Ni igicuruzwa cy'umwaka w'umwana kandi cyakozwe na leta mu mwaka w'2008. Buri umwe mu kigo cyashyizweho ku rwego rwo guhindura ubumuga mu gihe cy’uburyo bwo kwiga n'uburyo bw'ibintu.

## Inama y'Umuryango w'Abibumbye (UNICEF)

Mu bihe byose, UNICEF yashatse ibikorwa byiza kugira ngo abana bose bajye mu ishuri, buri mwana yabyaye mu muryango, no kuba n'ubumuga, bigerweho uburenganzira bwe bwose.

## Amakuru

Umwanditsi: Jean Claude Mwambutsa  
Igikorwa: BBC Gahuzamiryango i Rubavu  
Itariki: 19 Ukw'icumi 2023  
Link: Byandinze ubushukanyi bw'abasore bari aha hanze' – ubana ubumuga wize kudoda
Everest na Jennings

Everest & Jenningsni uruganda rukora ibikoresho bigendanwa. Everest & Jennings niyo sosiyete ya mbere yatanze umusaruro munini mu bantu bafite ubumuga . 

## Inkomoko
Bombi bahise bajya mu bucuruzi kugirango bakore igishushanyo mbonera cyabo. Mu myaka yo muri 40, basanze abamugaye ku rugamba mu Ntambara ya Kabiri y'Isi Yose binyuze mu masezerano ya leta yashyizeho isosiyete nk'izina rizwi mu bikoresho byo gusubiza mu buzima busanzwe abavuye kurugamba.   

Umuryango wa Everest wagurishije inyungu ziyi  sosiyete muri 1943,  ariko Gerald Jennings, umuhungu wa Harry Sr., yari umuyobozi mukuru kuva 1952 kugeza yeguye muri 1985.  

Muri 1956, isosiyete yabaye iya mbere mu gukora igare ry’abafite ubumuga ry’amashanyarazi . 

## Intsinzi nibibazo mu n'amategeko

Mu ntangiriro yo muri 70, Everest & Jennings International yari " yari yambere ku si itanga ibikoresho by'abamugaye."  Ariko nanone yazanye ubugenzuzi bwiyongereyeho.  Muri 1977, Ishami ry’Ubutabera muri Amerika ryashinje Everest & Jennings ibikorwa binyuranyije n’amategeko abuza kwishyiriraho ibiciro . Gukemura ibisubizo byasabye Everest & Jennings gukora raporo yu bahiriza buri mwaka ishami ry’ubutabera;  "bike birenze gukubita urushyi" n’umuvugizi w’umuguzi Ralph Nader .  Nader kandi yagize uruhare mu myigaragambyo yerekeranye n’ubuziranenge, umutekano, n’igiciro cyintebe za Everest & Jennings, nk’umuryango uharanira uburenganzira bw’abafite ubumuga.  Ikirego cy’igiciro cyazanywe n’abacuruza ibyo ibikoresho, ariko birukanwa mu rukiko muri 1984. 

## Amajyambere nyuma
Muri 1992, bahuye n’ibibazo by’amafaranga bivuye ku isoko mpuzamahanga,  Everest & Jennings yavuye i Camarillo, muri Californiya yimukira i St. Louis, muri Leta ya Missouri .  Muri 1993, isosiyete yaguze Medical Composite Technology, isosiyete ikorana ikoranabuhanga rya karubone. 

Muri 1996, yari afite ikibazo cyo kwishyura imyenda no kugabanuka kugurisha, Everest & Jennings yatangaje ko igurisha ry'ikigo muri Graham-Field Products Products.  Graham-Field yahise ifunga uruganda rwa Everest & Jennings mu mujyi wa Earth, Missouri .  Graham-Field ikomeje kugurisha amagare y'abamugaye munsi ya Everest & Jennings. 

## Reba
The Action Foundation-TAF

**The Action Foundation (TAF)** ni umuryango uyobowe n’abaturage wanditswe muri Kenya ukora ibishoboka byose kugira ngo ukumirwa, ivangura, n’ihohoterwa rikorerwa abana, abagore, n’abakobwa bafite ubumuga mu miryango itishoboye.

## Intego
Gukora kugirango ugere kure cyane kugutanga serivisi n'amahirwe mugukorana n'abarezi b'abafite ubumuga hamwe n'abaturage babakikije. Ibi bifasha ayo matsinda atishoboye kwiyubakira ubuzima bwiza, gukura imbaraga, no gutsimbataza impinduka zirambye.

## Inshingano
Ni ukubaka imiryango ihuriweho kandi ihamye aho abana, abagore, nabakobwa bafite ubumuga bashobora gutera imbere. Turatekereza Afurika yuzuye aho abana, abagore, nabakobwa bafite ubumuga bashobora kumenya ubushobozi bwabo. Mu myaka yashize, TAF yahinduye ibikorwa byayo ku bagenerwabikorwa binyuze mu bikorwa by’abaturage, guhanga udushya, no guhanga ibikorwa hamwe nitsinda rigamije.

## Amateka
Action Foundation ikorera mu midugudu minini idasanzwe ya Nairobi, umurwa mukuru wa Kenya, ni ukuvuga Kibera, Mukuru, Mathare, na Kawangware, kandi ifatanya n'amashuri n'abaturage bo mu turere umunani twose muri Kenya.

## Indanganturo
Parfait Hakizimana ufite ubumuga bw'amaboko wamamaye muri Taekwondo

## '''Parfait Hakizimana'''

## Parfait Hakizimana ni umukinnyi w'umukino wa Taekwondo wemeye kubera ubumuntu bwe no kubaho ibikorwa bye byiza, akaba akomeje guhamya ibibazo. Yavutse mu Burundi, aho yaje kumurikiramo mu Taekwondo akaza kumara gukina uwo mukino wa kabiri (2nd dan) ndetse akigenga igihugu cye kugeza atwara mu mateka.

## Ubukungu bwe busangiye mu mahanga, Hakizimana yavuye mu Burundi mu 2015 nk'uko abimenyesha abantu ko hari uburenganzira bwe bw'umukinnyi. Uyu munsi aba mu nkambi ya Mahama aho abarimuza amashuri ya Taekwondo n'abasore batishoboye, ariko kandi akaba n'abahungu 130 bo muri iryo nkambi.

## Muri aka gashugi, Hakizimana azenguruka kujya kubakina Taekwondo ngo bafashe abarimuza inyigisho z'ibiganiro, ubushobozi bwo gukora ibikorwa byiza, no kwigisha abana batishoboye kumenya ibitangaza mu buzima bwabo.

## Yasize iminsi yo mu mwaka wa 2022 akina mu mukino wa Paralympiki wakoranye n'iyo ya Tokyo, akamara gukora ku musozo wa 1/8. Hakizimana yavuze ko Taekwondo ntibushobora kuba umukino gusa, ahubwo ni ikibazo cyo kubaho ubwacu n'ubwiza mu buzima bwe. Yumva ko kuba ikipe yabyifashije mu mugambi w'umuco, yabasabye kumenya umuryango w'umukinnyi, abenshi bitazirikana n'amarushanwa ya Paralympiki.

## Mu gihe cy'uko yatangiye gutumira mu Paralympiki z'uyu mwaka wa 2024 mu Bufaransa, Hakizimana arashaka kwirinda akabazo no kumenya abandi mu bayiganya. Ibikorwa byiza byari byavuzwe muri iki gikorwa kigoye cyatuma Hakizimana arangije kuzarokoka ku muntu wese aho buri wese agomba kugira ubumuga no kubaho neza mu buzima bwe.

## [https://www.bbc.com/gahuza/articles/cyx28kkjkxdo ''BBC Gahuzamiryango'']
Uburezi bw'abafite ubumuga mu Rwanda

Imibare myinshi kurubungubu  irimo kugaragaza ko mu bantu bafite ubumuga  bagera kuri 64,69% batigeze bagera mu ishuri ibi bikaba bigaragaza ko

hakiri icyuho kinini kukugera kuri bwa bukungu bushingiye kubumenyi mu **[[Rwanda]]**. iri ni ibarura ririmo gukorwa mu mwaka

wibihumbi bibiri na makumyabiri nitanu n'itandatu (2022-2026).

## M'UBUREZI BWO MU  RWANDA.
Haracyakenewe intwambwe ikomeye mu burezi bw'Abafite ubumuga mu Rwanda mu rwego rwo kugera kuri gahuunda

y'ubukubgu bushingiye ku bumenyi leta yu Rwanda yiyemeje.

Mu mashuri yo mu Rwanda, hari aho abana bafite ubumuga bigira hamwe nabatabufite hakaba ahandi bigoye bitewe n'ubwoko bw'ubumuga Umwana afite hakaba hakewe amashuri yihariye.

Umunyamuryango nshingwabikorwa w'umuryango w**'[[Abafite ubumuga mu Rwanda|abafite ubumuga]]** bwo kutumva, kutabona, no kutavuga  **Musabyimana Joseph** mu kiganiro yagiranye n'ikinyamakuru  yavuzeko abagera kuri 60% mu banyamuryango ari abana bagejeje igihe cyo kwiga ariko ariko ari ntanumwe wigeze arikandagiramo.

## INGAMBA ZAFASHWE KUBAFITE UBUMUGA.
**[[Minisiteri y'uburezi mu Rwanda|Minisiteri y'uburezi]]** igaragazako urugendo rwo gufasha abana bose bafite ubumuga rukiri rurerure nubwo hashyizweho gahunda y'uburezi budaheza mu **Rwanda**.

Minisitiri w'uberzi **Twagirayezu Gaspard**, yagize ati icyambere twashyizeho ni gahunda y**'uburezi budaheza** yo gufasha amashuri yacu ngo abana bafite ubumuga babe bakwitabwaho mumashuri asanzwe  abarimu biga munderabarezi bahabwe ubushobozi bwo kubafasha ariko hari ababa bafite ibibazo bisaba ko bitabwaho muburyo bwihariye.   gusa abo nabo hari amashuri abafasha ikibazo gihari nuko amenshi ari ayigenga. icyo turimo gukora ni ugushakira ayo mashuri ubufasha bwihariye kugirango nabana badafite ubushobozi babe babasha kuyigamo.

## IBARURISHAMIBARE RYO GUSOMA NO KWANDIKA KUBANTU BAFITE UBUMUGA.
Iri barura kandi ryasuzumye ibijyanye nubushobozi bwo gusoma no kwandika mu **[[Abafite ubumuga mu Rwanda|bafite ubumuga]]**. bigaragara ko abagera kuri 44% batabizi Abagore 46% n'abagabo 40% nta bushobozi na buke bwo gusoma no kwandika bafite. mubabizi nabwo abenshi bagarukira  ku Kinyarwanda gusa.

## REBA: