Simon Bikindi

**Simon Bikindi** ( Yavutse 28 Nzeri 1954 apfa 15 Ukuboza 2018 ) yari umucuranzi n'umuririmbyi wo mu Rwanda wahoze azwi cyane mu Rwanda. Indirimbo ze zo gukunda igihugu ni zo zakinnye kuri radiyo y'igihugu Radiyo y'u Rwanda mu gihe cy'intambara na genocide yakorewe abatutsi muri 194 mu Rwanda . Kubera ibikorwa yakoze mu gihe cya jenoside yo mu Rwanda, yaburanishijwe ahamwa n'icyaha cyo gushishikariza jenoside n'Urukiko mpuzamahanga mpanabyaha rw’u Rwanda ( ICTR ) muri 2008. Yapfuye azize diyabete mu bitaro bya Benini mu Kuboza 2018.

## Amavu n'amavuko mugihe cya jenoside
Bikindi,  yavukiye i Rwerere muri perefegitura y’amajyaruguru ubu ni mu intara y'amajyaruguru akarere ka Munsaze mu y’iburengerazuba bwa Gisenyi, ako karere kavamo Perezida Habyarimana na benshi mu bantu bakomeye mu butegetsi bwe bwa MRND .

Mu gihe cya jenoside, yari umuhimbyi uzwi akaba n'umuririmbyi wa muzika uzwi cyane akaba n'umuyobozi w'itsinda ryitwa *Irindiro Ballet* . Indirimbo ze zasobanuwe ko zifite amagambo ya elliptique n'indirimbo zishimishije,  haba mu icyongereza, igifaransa na Kinyarwanda no guhuza inyandiko za rap style hamwe nindirimbo gakondo za rubanda . Filimi ya mbere, yasohotse muri 1990, yari iy'indirimbo z'ubukwe gakondo.  Yongeyeho kandi ko yari umukozi wa Leta muri Minisiteri y’Urubyiruko na Siporo akaba n'umwe mu bagize ishyaka rya MRND.

Zimwe mu ndirimbo ze zerekeje ku batutsi zacuranzwe kuri Radio Télévision Libre des Mille Collines kugira ngo zishishikarize ubwicanyi. Yavuye mu gihugu hasigaye iminsi mike ngo itsembabwoko ritangire ariko agaruka nyuma muri Kamena. Ni ikibazo cyo kujya impaka niba yaragize uruhare muri jenoside ndetse n’urwego ki, ariko nk'uko byemejwe n’urukiko mpuzamahanga mpanabyaha rw’u Rwanda ( ICTR ), bigaragazwa nta gushidikanya na gato ko yaba yarifatanije n’interahamwe z’intagondwa z’intagondwa. kandi yasabye ku mugaragaro Abahutu gutsemba Abatutsi bose muri Kamena 1994. Nyuma yo kwigarurira FPR, yahunze igihugu. Indirimbo ze zirabujijwe mu Rwanda kuva mu 1994. 

## Ikigeragezo

### Inyandiko y'ibirego no gufatwa
Bikindi yashinjwaga n’urukiko mpuzamahanga mpanabyaha rw’u Rwanda ( ICTR ). Yashinjwaga ibi bikurikira: umugambi wo gukora genocide ; itsembabwoko, cyangwa ubundi bufatanye muri jenoside ; gushishikariza no gukangurira rubanda gukora jenoside, n'ubwicanyi no gutotezwa, nk'ibyaha byibasiye inyokomuntu.  Inyandiko y'ibirego yavugaga ko Bikindi "yahimbye, aririmba, yandika cyangwa akwirakwiza ibikorwa bya muzika bishimangira ubufatanye bw'Abahutu no gushinja abatutsi kuba imbata y'Abahutu ".  Ubushinjacyaha bwatanze indirimbo yise The Awakening ariko bakunze kwita Nanga aba bahutu ( Nanga Abahutu ), yibasiye Abahutu bashyigikiye abatutsi cyane cyane abo bahutu bakoranye n’inyeshyamba zo mu gihugu cy’abatutsi bo mu Rwanda barwanya guverinoma. 

Byongeye kandi, havuzwe ko mu mezi yabanjirije itsembabwoko, Bikindi "yagishije inama na Perezida Juvénal Habyarimana, Minisitiri w’Urubyiruko na Siporo , Callixte Nzabonimana n’ubuyobozi bwa gisirikare bwahujwe na MRND ku magambo y’indirimbo" mbere yo kubarekura ngo bakinwe ku bahutu. Amashanyarazi ya radiyo RTLM .  Ubushinjacyaha bwavuze kandi ko mu minsi 100 ya jenoside kuva ku ya 7 Mata kugeza ku ya 14 Nyakanga 1994, Bikindi yagize uruhare mu bwicanyi, haba muri perefegitura ya Kigali na Gisenyi, kandi ko yafashije mu gushaka no gutegura imitwe yitwara gisirikare *[[Interahamwe|ya Interahamwe]]* . 

Nyuma yo gufatwa i Leiden mu Buholandi ku ya 12 Nyakanga 2001, Bikindi yarwanyije koherezwa mu mahanga maze asaba ubuhungiro . Icyakora, nyuma y'amezi umunani, ku ya 27 Werurwe 2002, yashyizwe mu maboko ya ICTR. Nyuma yaje kwirega ku byaha byose aregwa maze afungirwa muri gereza y’umuryango w’abibumbye (UNDF) i Arusha, muri Tanzaniya . Nyuma y’ubukererwe, urubanza rwe rw’ibyaha by’intambara rwatangiye ku ya 15 Gicurasi 2006. Yari ahagarariwe n’umuyobozi w’igice cya Kenya cya komisiyo mpuzamahanga y’abahanga mu mategeko (ICJ), Wilfred Ngunjiri Nderitu .

### Ibisobanuro
Usibye ibindi bimenyetso, ubushinjacyaha bwatanze indirimbo yishimira ikurwaho ry'ubwami no kugarura ubwigenge kuva 1959 kugeza 1961: impuguke y'u Rwanda mu rubanza yaje gusobanura ko indirimbo ya nyuma idashobora kwandikirwa igihugu cy'u Rwanda muri rusange, kubera ko Abatutsi bari bafitanye isano n’ubwami bw’u Rwanda n’ubutegetsi bwa gikoloni, kandi ko bidashoboka kwanga ingoma ya cyami utabanje kwanga abatutsi.  Ubwunganizi bwavuze ko mu buhamya bw’abatangabuhamya harimo kwivuguruza,  bahakana ko izo ndirimbo zivuga ku batutsi no guhamagarira abatangabuhamya b’abatutsi Bikindi ngo bafashije kurokora ubuzima bwabo. 

Ku bijyanye n'indirimbo, impande zombi zari zifite impuguke ku ruhande rwazo, ariko ntawahakana ko amagambo yari agoye kuyasobanura  kandi ko demokarasi n'amahoro byavuzwe.  Umwunganizi wa Bikindi yavuze kandi ko gushinja Bikindi ari "kumwima uburenganzira bwe bwo kuvuga".  Umwe mu bunganira uregwa yashinjwaga kuba yarahaye ruswa umutangabuhamya.  Umwunganira mukuru wunganira abaregwa yemeye ikirego cy’ubushinjacyaha, bituma Bikindi yanga gukomeza kumuhagararira ukundi. Nyuma ICTR yakuyeho avoka icyo kirego. 

Itsinda ry'ubushinjacyaha mu rubanza rwa Bikindi ryasabye igihano cy'igifungo cya burundu, igihano gikomeye urukiko rutanga.  Ubwunganizi bwasabye umwere.

### Urubanza
Ukuboza 2008, Bikindi yakatiwe igifungo cy’imyaka 15 n’inguzanyo y’imyaka 7 yari amaze akora, kubera gushishikariza jenoside. Iki gihano cyaturutse ku kuba urukiko rwasanze byagaragaye nta gushidikanya na gato ko mu mpera za Kamena 1994 yari yavuze ijambo ry’imodoka ya Interahamwe ifite sisitemu yo kubarizamo rubanda, asaba kandi yibutsa abaturage b'Abahutu gutsemba abatutsi bose, uwo yise "inzoka".  Ibindi birego byose byavanyweho; by'umwihariko, urukiko rwasanze mu gihe indirimbo zimwe na zimwe zifite imiterere ishishikaje, zose zanditswe mbere ya 1994, bityo mbere ya jenoside, kandi ko nta bimenyetso bihagije byerekana ko Bikindi yagize uruhare mu gukwirakwiza indirimbo ze kuri radio mugihe cya jenoside, cyangwa ko we ubwe yagize uruhare mubwicanyi cyangwa gutegura imitwe yitwara gisirikare.  

### Kwakira
Urubanza rwari rwarafashwe nkikibazo kubera ikibazo giteye impungenge cyuko umuhanzi akurikiranwa ku bushake kubera ibikorwa bye, ubuhanzi bukaba bushobora gusobanurwa mu buryo butandukanye. Urubanza ariko rwirinze iki kibazo kitavugwaho rumwe, kubera ko rutari rushingiye ku ndirimbo za Bikindi. 

## Ubuzima bwa muntu n'imiterere
Mu gihe cya jenoside, Bikindi yari afitanye umubano na Angeline Mukabanana, umututsi. Mu kiganiro yagiranye n'ikinyamakuru New York Times muri 2008, yagaragaje igitekerezo cye ko Bikindi nta muntu yangaga kandi ko yari umuntu ufite amahirwe, ashishikajwe no gushimisha. Yavuze ko Bikindi yareze umuhungu we, wari ufite se w’abatutsi, kandi akaba yarafashije abaturanyi babo b'Abatutsi kurwanya abicanyi b'Abahutu. Mukabanana yavuze ko Bikindi amaze kwandika "Nanze aba bahutu", amubaza impamvu yanditse ibyo kandi yerekana ko bishoboka ko FPR yatsinze intambara. Yavuze ko yashubije ati: Guverinoma itegeka kwandika izi ndirimbo. Nunva FPR izaza i Kigali ukwezi gutaha, nzabandikira indirimbo. 

## Reba