open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Inzaratsi z'abagabo

## Umugabo

**AKABARU K’UBWATO**. Umugabo areba akabaru k’ubwato ngo kitwa “umusumba’ akakabaza akakanyegeza mu isunzu mbere, ati: Uyu ni umusumba, mporana umusumba kuli databuja, no kuli bagenzi banjye; mpora ndi uw’imbere, sinsumbwa. Uwo akagira ubutoni bukomeye kuli bose.

**GATUMURA**. Imera (pousse) nk’kiyege; bayambara mu museke cyangwa mu mugano, kugira ngo umwanzi atumuke agende.

**IBANGUZA.** Ni agati kaba mu gishanga, umugabo aragaca, akaba yacanye umuliro wajya kwaka, akawuzimya, agira ngo: Nikije umwanzi wanjye, atekereza kumburanya cyangwa kundenganya akika. Akaba aho adatinya umwanzi.

**IGISHWI.** Iyo umugabo agiye kuburana, areba akantu k’igishwi yambara, ali akababa cyangwa igufa akambara, akanywa n’isubyo, ngo akaburanira gutsinda.

**IHENE**. Igufa ly’ihene y’umukara gusa, ulyambaye ntamenyekana mu bandi (abanzi).

**IKIMASA**. Amagufa y’ibumoso bw’ikimasa, umugabo arayambara, maze abanzi bakamuhora ibumoso, ntibamugere ibulyo ngo bagire icyo bamutwara.

**IMBERANYUMA.** Umugabo aracyambara, ngo agaheza inyuma abanzi be, agahora ali imbere, agakundwa na bose.

**IMPOSHA**. Umugabo areba uduti twitwa “imposha” akadushyira mu kabya agapfuka, ngo zihosha amacumu ya rubanda rumwanga.

**INDASHIKWA.** Umugabo arayambara, abamuhigira kumuhora bakamubura.

**INGASIRE**. Umugabo iyo ajya guhaguruka ajya kure, bareba ingasire (yitwa ikinani) n’umwuko (witwa cyokora); bakabimukoza ku gahanga no mu gituza, bati: lyi ni kinanira, unanira abanzi, unanira abarozi, uwo utananira ni inshuti. Bakongera bati: Turakwokoye. Bakabishyira mu irebe ly’umulyango, akabikandagira agenda. Ubwo akagenda amahoro, akazagaruka andi. Ku munsi wo gutaha akaba yaralitse umupfumu wo kumusanganira akamwuhagira kuko atagera mu rugo rwe umupfumu adahali, iyo yabuze, aracumbika akamutegereza.

**INCYAMURO.** Umugabo ayimanika mu ruhamo rw’umulyango bakayimanika bayubitse, ngo icyamura amagambo y’abamuburanya ikubika amagambo y’abamwanga bose.

**INKURAKURA.** Uwambaye igufa lyayo akundwa n’abantu bose.

**IREKE n’IKINETENETE**. Umugabo abihamuramo impigi akambara, kugira ngo abanzi bamureke.

**NKULIMWONGA**. Umugabo ayihamuramo impigi akayambara ati: Bakwita nkulimwonga, jye nkwita gisayura, nsaya kuli data-buja no ku nshuti ukansayura, singira ikinshobora. Umugabo agahora akunzwe na bose.

## Amashakiro
Imihamuro

## ku mugabo

**UMUBWIRWA.** Umugabo aragenda agaca agati kitwa ‘umubwirwa’, agashami kawo akagahamuramo impigi ngo ajye abwirwa ijambo lyiza na shebuja; amababi akayanika agaskya, ifu agashyira mu ngingo y’umuseke, yagira aho ajya, ifu akayivanga n’amavuta akisiga, ngo asekana na bose, abwirwa ijambo lyiza na bose.

**UMUGASA.** Umugabo aca agati kitwa “umugasa” agahamuramo impigi, akambara ku njishi, ako gati gatera kugira ubutoni kuli bose.

**UMUHANURANKUBA**. Umugabo arawambara ngo atazakubitwa n’inkuba.

**UMUHEZAYO**. Igiti cyahambye, umugabo agihamurarno impigi akambara agaheza abanzi.

**UMUHOKO**. Ngo ni “Bahokera-busha”, n’umucucu ngo ni “bacucubikana bali bucube; umugabo ugiye kuburana arabyambara, ngo bimutera gutsinda umuburanya, kuko avugira ubusa, akavugira gucuba, agatsindwa.

**UMUKENKE**. Umukenke witwa “rubwa”, umuntu arawambara kugira ngo abamwanga ahore abita imbwa.

**UMUKONI.** Umukoni witwa “indahangarwa”, bambara imbuto yawo, ngo badahangarwa n’abanzi n’abarozi.

**UMUGERA.** Umugabo ugiye kuburana, yenda umugera ngo witwa “umugeruza”, akawushinga mu ziko, akawokora, akawubika, ngo ageruje amagambo y’umuburanya.

**UMUNANIRA.** Ni agati kitwa “umutarama”, ngo n’inzovu iragashikuza kakayinanira. Umugabo agahamuramo impigi akayambara ku kibuno, ngo ananire abanzi n’abarozi.

**UMUREMBE**. (umutobotobo utagira amahwa) barawambara, ngo umwanzi n’umurozi bakaremba.

**UMWAMIRA.** Iyo umuntu yambuye undi, agira ngo ataz-menyekana, ahamura impigi mu giti cyitwa “umwamira”; nuko yahura n’uwo yambuye akamuyoberwa.

**URUGIMBU**. Umuntu wangana n’undi, areba urugimbu rwirabuye rwitwa “umuculi”, akarujyana mu mayirabili, aho umwanzi we akunda kunyura. Iyo arutambutse arapfa. Ushatse kandi amutega imiculi y’inkoko yirabuye. Ayitaba mu irembo ly’umwanzi we; bulya aciye mu irembo akayitambuka, ngo agapfa.

## Amashakiro
Kuterura umwana mu muco

## umwana

Nuko igihe cya nimunsi, ku kirengarenga cy’izuba, ibyo batetse byose bimaze gushya, babisutse ku ntara y’isugi n’umutsima uli aho, n’amata y’inshyushyu n’ay’ikivuguto ali mu nkongoro ebyili na zo z’amasugi (zitagira ubumene). Icyo gihe kandi isaso yo ku kiliri baba bayikuye mu nzu, bayishyize ahantu umwanzi atagera ngo azayibone. Ivu lyo mu ziko n’impeho z’umwana baba babiyoreye ku ntara. Abana baralitswe bakaza, bagasanga umubyeyi yambaye neza yalimbye ateze urugoli. Nuko umubyeyi agaheka umwana, akenda ya ntara iliho ivu n’impeho z`umwana, akayikorera; abana b’abahungu bakamujya imbere biyereka, ab’abakobwa na bo bakamujya inyuma, bakagenda babyina. Umubyeyi akajya aho insina ili akabisukaho. Iyo nsina iba iy’uwo mwana. Bagahindukira, nyina w’umwana akicara ku ntebe iruhande rw’imyugaliro (iyo umwana ali umuhungu); naho iyo ali umukobwa basohoye, umubyeyi akicara ku ntebe mu irebe ly’umulyango.

## Ibindi
Iyo bamaze kwogosha umwana na nyina, bazana ibishyimbo, bakajya gusoroma imboga z’amoko yose iyo ava akagera: isogi, ibisusa by’inzuzi z’inzungwane, inyabutongo, igisura … bagateka.

## Amashakiro
Intama

## Intama

**Intama** ni itungo cyangwa igitungwa kirya ivyatsi kandi gifise akamaro kanini mu mico kinyarwanda nk'itungo.

## Mu Rwanda
*Kubungabunga ubwoko bw’intama*:

Nk’uko bigaragara gahunda z’ubworozi zose zigamije kongera umusaruro (*intensification*) hakoreshejwe amoko y’amatungo atanga umusaruro mwinshi ku butaka buto. Ibi birasaba kubangurira ku bwinshi intama z’inyarwanda hafi ya zose ku bwoko bw’amata (*Friesian, Jersey*) muri gahunda yo kongera umukamo.

Intama z’inyarwanda izwi kuba igira umukamo muto, ariko nanone izwiho kugira inyama nziza (*less cholesterol*) ari nacyo gituma mu bihugu byinshi batangiye kujya bayitwaraho icyororo. Mu rwego rwo kubungabunga izo nka z’inyambo, kugira ngo ubwo bwoko butazazima, hashyizweho amashyo atatu (3) y’Inyambo z’amashashi 600 zatoranyijwe muri Uganda, zikaba zororewe Gako mu Bugesera na Karama muri Nyagatare.

## Amashakiro
Umugeni mu muco Nyarwanda

## Umugeni

**Umugeni** mu Gisaka no mu Kinyaga bajyana inzagwa gusaba, kuko nta masaka ahaba, amasaka barayabeteza. Iyo umuhungu akuze, ashaka umugore, se ajya kumukwra kwa se w’umukobwa akajyana inkwano. Inkwano ijyana n’inzoga nibyo byitwa Gusaba Umugeni .

lyo umugeni atakowe, baremeye inkwano, umukobwa w’uwo mugore, iyo akowe; inkwano y’umukobwa ikwa nyina. lbyo byemewe n’umuco.

## Amashakiro
Imihango y'umugabo n'umugore we

## Imihango

Umugore ukunda gutanga umugabo we kubyuka, ngo abyara abana basa na we gusa; urnugore iyo atambutse umugabo we asanze alyamye, ngo yiganza mu rugo kandi akabyara abakobwa gusa, cyangwa akabyara abana basa na we gusa, ntazagire ubwo abyara abana basa na se. Umugore ntatanga umugabo kuganura; iyo amutanze maze umugabo akagira uwo asambana na we, umugore arapfa ntakabuza. Umugore ntaherekeza umugabo we ali nk’aho agiye, ngo ni ukumukungulira ntazagaruke. Umugore ahagarara mu irembo; agasezera ku mugabo we ati: Ngaho urabeho, uzaze amahoro. Agasubira mu nzu akicara ku ntebe y’umugabo we, ngo asubiye ku ntebe ye; kandi ntatashya umugabo we, ngo ni ukumukenya.

## Ibindi
Nta mugore ugendana n’umugabo, ngo amujye imbere. Kirazira rwose, umugabo ni we ujya imbere, umugore akajya inyuma. Umugore ajya imbere yirukanwe. Umugore w’umujura ahengera umugabo agiye kwiba, ilyo joro akalyamira urubavu rumwe ntahindukire; iyo ahindukiye umugabo baramufata, bakamuboha. Umugore azira guca hagati y’abagabo bahagaze, ni ukubakenya. Umugore ntasambana umugabo we yaragiye kure, cyangwa ari mu buhake cyangwa se yaragiye guhaha, ngo aba amuteye umwaku ntagire icyo abona. Umugore iyo asambanye umugabo yaratabaye umugabo aherayo. Umugore usambanye hali umutsima, ntawuha umugabo ngo adapfa; iyo abonye ko yasambanye alicecekera ntagire icyo avuga, kereka ku wundi munsi.

## Amashakiro
Imihango w'umugore basenze

## Umugore

Umugore walitse umutsima umugabo we atali aho; umutsima yarajije mu nzu ntiyawuhaho umugabo we, azilikana ko yaraye asambanye; umugabo we arapfa, kuko umugore aba yamurengeje irobe.

Umugore ntahereza umugabo we icumu cyangwa umuheto we, ngo byatuma akomereka.

Umugore ntawe yatiza icumu cyangwa umuheto cyangwa intorezo, cyangwa igicuba cy’imfizi, ngo byakenya umugabo we, akamugara cyangwa agapfa; kereka biheze mu gasozi ntibigaruke mu rugo.

Ibyo byose umugore ashobora kubitiza, aliko akazira kubihereza; abirangira ubishaka akaba ali we ubyiha aho bili.

Umugore azira kurwanisha intwaro z’umugabo we; icumu cyangwa umuhoro cyangwa ngo yende intorezo ayigere umugabo; ntiyakinisha no kwitabaza umwuko, ngo bikenya umugabo.

Umugore udashaka ko umugabo atabara, atambika umweko we mu irembo, iyo awutambitsemo umugabo akawutambuka, baramwica, ntatabaruka.

Umugore ntiyulira inzu, ngo ni ugukungulira umugabo we, bamuca amatwi.

Umugore ulyama ku rwuliriro akenya umugabo we.

Umugore ntahagarara ku nkingi ya kanagazi, cyangvva ngo alyame mu irebe lynumulyango, bikenya umugabo we. Ntiyakwicara no mu irebe Iy’umulyango areba muirembo, na byo bikenya umugabo.

Umugore wicara ku ntebe y’umugabo ali aho„ aba amukungurira.

Umugore yilinda guhagarara mu nzu, ngo ni ukwitera impagarara, agahora arwana n’umugabo we.

Umugore azira gutamira akatsi ko mu rugo, ngo yarwana n’umugabo we kandi ngo bikenya umugabo.

Umugore unyara ahagaze, akenya umugabo we.

Umugore azira kwiyuhagira ahagaze, kereka yicaye hasi cyangwa yunamye, kwiyuhagira ahagaze ni ubukunguzi, bikenya umugabo. No kwiyuhagilira ku gasozi bikenya urnugabo.

Umugore ntannya ikijy’epfo, bikenya umugabo.

Umugore yilinda kuraza intoke ze mu bibero, ngo ni ukubinda intoke, maze bigakenya umugabo.

Umugore utakunnye akili umukobwa yitwa “intubya”, ngo umugabo we ntatunga, ntagwiza imyaka, ntagira n’abana benshi, kandi arakenyuka.

Umugore w’impa (utarwara) na we akenya umugabo.

Umugore utameze inskya bamwita “ikibuga »; uwo mugore agatubya umugabo ntazagire igihe atunga ngo bigwire. Bene uwo mugore atera ubutindi bubi.

Umugore ajya kwiruka akifata mu mabere, kwiruka atifashe atyo ni ugukura umugabo umutima.

Umugore iyo amaze kubyara, maze inda ye igahora igonga, ilyo gonga likenya umugabo we.

Umugore ntalya isonga y’urulimi, ayiliye ngo yajya atuka umugabo we.

Umugore ntaherezwa injishi cyangwa igicuba bakuye inka; kereka umugabo we atali aho; umugore ubigira umugabo ali aho, aba amukenye.

Umugore azira gukora ku ibere ly’inka, ntiyagerageza no gukama, ngo ni ugukenya umugabo, byongeye ngo ni ugukungura.

Umugore kudakama inka, bituruka ku muvumo wa Nyirarucyaba. Yakamye inka maze musaza we aramukubya (amubona yambaye ubusa); ni bwo Nyirarucyaba agize ati: Umugore ntakama inka imyaka ibihumbi; ingoma ibihumbi umugore ntakama inka; arazikama bikaba ubukunguzi, bakamuca amatwi.

Umugore ntacunda amata, kereka yerekeje igisabo hanze, atabigize ngo bikenya umugabo, kandi bigasulira inka nabi.

Umugore ntiyicara ku icukiro, bikenya umugabo.

Umugore wivuga, ngo akenya umugabo.

## Amashakiro
Kirazira ku mugore

## Umugore

hghgUmugore azira gukora ku ibere ly’inka, ntiyagerageza no gukama, ngo ni ugukenya umugabo, byongeye ngo ni ugukungura. Umugore kudakama inka, bituruka ku muvumo wa Nyirarucyaba. Yakamye inka maze musaza we aramukubya (amubona yambaye ubusa); ni bwo Nyirarucyaba agize ati: Umugore ntakama inka imyaka ibihumbi; ingoma ibihumbi umugore ntakama inka; arazikama bikaba ubukunguzi, bakamuca amatwi.

Umugore ntacunda amata, kereka yerekeje igisabo hanze, atabigize ngo bikenya umugabo, kandi bigasulira inka nabi.

Umugore ntiyicara ku icukiro, bikenya umugabo.

Umugore wivuga, ngo akenya umugabo.

Umugore ntavugiliza, ntabika (kwigana umubiko w’isake); ngo bikenya umugabo we.

Umugore ntiyavuza urwamu, ngo ashyire urushyi ku munwa; umugore uvuza induru ngo akenya umugabo.

Umugore ntasimbuka ngo ace ikibungo, bikenya umugabo. Umugore arabyina ntasimbuka.

Umugore ntashyira inkoni ku rutugu, ngo bikenya umugabo. Umugore ntacana igiti cyitwa isheshe, ngo yarwana n’umugabo we. Umugore ufite akananwa kirabura kaliho utwoya, bavuga ko yaliye ihene, byitwa ko yameze ubwanwa; ngo akenya umugabo we, kereka bamuciye amatwi.

## Amashakiro
Imihango y'umugabo n'umwana we

## Umwana

Umugabo ufite umugore utwite, iyo asanze aho babambye uruhu barushishima, na we ararushishima; iyo atarushishimye, umugore we alibwa n’inda, ndetse akaruhira gukuramo inda. Umugabo ufite umugore utwite, yilinda gukora ku ngoyi babohesheje abajura. Umugore ufite inda bagira ngo ni umunyaga afite. Iyo umugabo akoze ku ngoyi, ngo umugore we yicwa n’inda. Iyo umugabo anyuze aho bamanitse imbwa akayibona, ntagera mu rugo ngo ararane n’umugore we utwite, ngo umugore yabyara umwana aliko akazapfa yarabaye amagufa maso. Umugabo ufite umugore utwite, yilinda kujya guhamba; ngo guhamba bisulira umugore kubyara umwana wapfuye. Umugabo azira kugira aho azindukira umugore we akili ku kiliri; ngo ntiyahindukira adakomeretse. Umugabo ufite umugore wabyaye, yilinda gusambana uwo munsi, n’umugabo ufite abagore benshi, uwo munsi yilinda kugira uwo bararana, ngo ni ukwicira umugore we wabyaye, ntazongere kubyara ukundi. Umugabo iyo abonye urugo ruhiye, alirabura ntararana n’umugore we; iyo yegeranye n’umugore we atwite, ngo abyara umwana usa n’umuliro. Babanza kunywa isubyo (imiti).

## ibindi
Umugabo azira kwica igikeli, iyo acyishe umugore we arakibyara. Umugabo iyo acyuye umugore wonsa umwana w’umuhungu, umugore azira kuzana uwo mwana mu rugo. Umugore araza, yagera ku irembo, umwana akamusiga aho, akinjira mu nzu. Umugabo umucyuye akaza n’aho umwana yasigaye, ati: Nitoreye umwana. Umwana akamushyira nyina. Iyo atabigenjeje atyo, uwo mwana ngo akenya umugabo ucyuye nyina. Umugabo yilinda kulyamira ibi byo guhora atangwa n’umugc re we kubyuka; iyo umugore amutanga iteka kubyuka, ngo abyara abakobwa gusa.

## Reba
Imihango y'umuntu

## Umuntu

Umubandwa ntanywa inka yabyaye amafuti, ngo yahumana. Nta n’umubandwa unywa amasitu ngo yahumana bibi,inzara zikamushinguka mu ntoke. Umubandwa ntanywa inzoga yaguyemo inkono y’tabi, ngo yahumana cyangwa agasara. Inkono y’itabi yaguye mu ifu, amarwa y’iyo fu nta mubandwa uyanywa; inkono y’itabi iyo yaguye mu muvure, nta mubandwa unywa kuli iyo nzoga, kwanga ko yahumana. Umubandwa ntiyanywesha inkono y’itabi iteye umukwege, iyo adapfuye arahumana. Inkono y’itabi ngo yaguye mu bilyo, nta mubandwa wabilya, ngo yapfa yatonyotse. Umuntu utali umubandwa yitwa inzigo; azira gucana inkwi ziturutse ku mulinzi; ntiyatema n’igiti cy’umulinzi, ngo ni ukwiteza imandwa zikamwica; n’umubandwa arabyilinda, kwanga kwiteranya n’imandwa ze. Mu Rwanda bazira gucana umulinzi (umuko), ngo babemba, ntibacana n’igiti cyo ku gituro, ngo badahumana bakabemba.

N’igiti cy’umuvumu bita imana nta muntu ugicana, ngo yahumana. Umuntu iyo abonye umuvumu wimejeje, azira kuwurandura, kuwubona byitwa kugira umugisha rwose; maze kuwurandura bikitwa kwivutsa umugisha; barawureka ugakura (il ne pousse presque jamais, il se plante par bouture). Urugo rwubakishije imivumu bahora barureba bagira ngo imivumu y’igikingi cy’irembo cyo haruguru idahura n’iy’icyo hepfo, bahora bayicira, yombi ihuye yakenya bene urugo.

## Ibindi

Umuntu iyo agize ahantu yerekera, maze agasitara ukuguru kw’ibulyo, ngo ni bibi, ni ubuvukasi butuma atagira icyo aronka. Iyo ahindukiye ataha iwe, agasitara ukuguru kw`ibumoso, ni bibi nta cyo asanga mu rugo, ngo alibwa, kandi ngo apfusha ikintu. Usitaye indyo ajya i we ni byiza: usitaye imoso ataha iwe ni bibi. Iwabo w’umuntu hitwa ibulyo, imuhana hitwa ibumoso. Iyo amaguru yombi asitaye, byitwa ko asitaye intonganyi, agera mu rugo akarwana. Umuntu yitsamura indyo (neza) ajya aho yifuzaga kujya ; yitsamura imoso (nabi) iyo atashakaga kujya aho hantu. Umuntu iyo aciye ku rugo, agakubitwa n’umwuka w’inkono bahishije, yivuma ku mutima avuga ati: Sinkurogerwamo. Atabivuze ngo yazarogerwa mu byo bamugabuliye, agapfa.

## Amashakiro
Imihango y'imvura mu muco

## Imvura
Imvura y’impangukano iyo iguye, buracya bagasiba guhinga kwanga kuyibuza kwongera kugwa.

* **KWICA IMVURA.** 

Ushaka kwica imvura, abona imvura ishotse, akavuza umwirongi igapta. Ushatse na we areba intobo yavutse ali ikinege, akayitunga ku icumu, maze agatunga mu cyobo. Byitwa uruhiso, imvura igapfa. Imvura y’urushyana iyo yarembeje abantu, bareba akondo maze bakagakaranga ku rujyo; ngo bakaranze imvura, ikarorera kugwa. Itumba kandi iyo lyarembeje abantu, bagira ngo biyanikire imyaka, bajya kuyanika bakazana ingasire, n’inkurwe n’imbyiro, bakabikoresha umusalaba kuli ya ngasire; inkurwe bakayihagalika imbyiro bakazitambika; ngo bakaba bishe imvura. Abaraye bali bwanike, bo bareba urutamyi, bakarunaga mu cyobo, bagira ngo: hararamuke hatamuye.

## Reba
Imihango y'amahindu

## Amahindu

muntu ugira ngo yice amahindu, abona agiye kugwa, akenda icumu agashyiraho amavuta, akalishinga hanze agira ngo : Ku ishyamba, ku ishamba. Abandi bareba amase bakayabumbabumbira ku icumu, bakalitunga hejuru. Abashatse kandi benda icumu bakalipfumuza uruhamo rw’u-mulyango bagashyiraho amavuta bagira ngo Yaga, lyatsindiye Ruganzu, litsindira Ndoli, litsindira Mibambwe. Urubura rukamuka. Kwenda intorezo bakayikubita imbere y’umulyango, na byo byica urubura. Kwenda ivu maze bakalihuha balyerekeje aho urubura ruturutse, bakarutuka bagira ngo : Yonga, yonga, na byo byica urubura. Kuvuza umwironge amahindu agiye kugwa, birayica. Abandi bica urubura, bareba umuyenzi bagakoza ku ibere ly’umugabo bagira ngo : Henebera nk’amabere y’umugabo. Noneho ngo n’amasuka y’amazungu asigaye yica urubura.

## Ibindi
Umuntu azira guhinga amahindu yaraye aguye, ngo yakwongera akagwa. Barayasibilira. Umuntu iyo yapfuye baramusibilira, kwanga ko amahindu agwa. Kugalika isinde birazira, ngo bisura urubura. Ikindi kizira ni ukubika isuka, iyo bayubitse ngo bituma urubura rwica ibintu. Umuntu wambaye uruhu rw’intama yilinda kuruhinduliza abonye imvura igiye kugwa; ngo yakubitwa n’inkuba.

## Amashakiro
Imihango y'inkuba mu muco

## Inkuba

Inkuba iyo ikubise umuntu cyangwa itungo, cyangwa ikindi kintu, ntibalira, ntibababara ntibavuza induru, ahubwo bavuza impundu, ngo baraliwe n’umwami. Gutaka ngo ni ukwiterereza inkuba ikabamara ku bantu no ku bintu. Inkuba iyo ikubise ikica, ntawagira ngo inkuba yishe. Barabaza bati : Ni iki? Iyo ali umuntu bati: Umwami yarongoye. Iyo ali inka, bati: Umwami wo hejuru yakujije inka. Bati: Yakujije zingahe? Bakavuga umubare; ibyo bikagusha umwami wo hejuru neza, ntazongere gukubita ukundi. Inkuba kandi iyo imaze gukubita umuntu, bazana inzogera, bakazivugiliza hejuru ye, ngo ni izo kumukangura. Bavuza impundu, bakavuza n’ingoma, ngo umwami yabyukurutse, ngo yarongoye.

Inkuba iyo yakubise ahantu, ntibahinga bukeye, ngo umwami yaraye, ngo bahinze hagwa imvura mbi cyane, igatsemba bintu, inkuba ikongera gukubita, kandi ntibeze imyaka. Nta muntu unywa itabi imirabyo irabya, ngo inkuba iramukubita. Iyo ashatse kwinywera itabi, adatinya gukubitwa n’inkuba, areba ubwatsi bw’ishinge akabuhambira ku mutembe w’inkono y’itabi, akazana n’akatsi k’ishinge akakajugunya hanze agira ngo: Dore ibyawe; ubwo inkuba ntigire icyo imutwara. Abashatse na bo bareba igishilira bakakinaga hanze bagira ngo: Ng’ilyo lyawe, bakongera bakareba icyatsi babonye cyose, bakacyambika inkono yiitabi, imirabyo ikoroha. Ushatse na we agereka umugano ku nkono y’itabi, ati: Urahere ku ishyamba.

**Inkuba** iyo yagize icyo ikubita ku musozi, umugabo ufite umugore yilinda kurarana na we batabanje kugangahurwa, ngo bahumana.

## Amashakiro
Imihango y'urubura

## Urubura

Umuntu agera aho inkuba yakubise, akahaguma, ntabe yagenda batabanje kumugangahura; batamugangahuye ngo inkuba yabica, kandi ni no kuyiterereza abo yakubise ikazongera kubakubitira abantu cyangwa ibintu. Umuntu iyo yumvise ikubise, cyangwa iyo abonye imirabyo isakirana, acira ku gahera cyangwa agahuhaho agira ngo: Ganira, ganira, vuga matama (comme un mouton), ntuvuge bukuba; nuko agatunga umuhoro hejuru. Akongera ati: Tuli abishywa, tuli bene nkuba ntitugenda ijoro. Ibyo bikabuza inkuba kugira icyo itwara.

## ikindi
Umurabyo urarabya bakarahura umuliro bagira ngo Uracane uwawe. Ikindi bilinda ni ukwicara ku ntebe no kubyina, kereka bafashe umuhoro mu ntoke, bati: Ndagutema. Abandi bacira ku gahera bati: Subya.Imirabyo n’inkuba iyo bisakiranye, abantu balya, benda utulyo bakatunaga hanze ngo: Ng’ibyo ibyawe. Kirazira nta muntu ulya inkuba zihinda. Ikincli kizira, nta mugore utega urugoli inkuba zihinda, ngoyamukubita, agapfa adasambye.

## Amashakiro
Imihango yo guhura

## Guhura

Iyo bajya guhura imyaka iyo ari yo yose: Ibishyimbo, amashaza, amasaka…; umwana w’umuhungu cyangwa umugabo ni we ubanza kuyikubita inkoni (ikibando), umugore cyangwa umukobwa akabona guhura. Umugore iyo abanjemo ikibando ngo imyaka iratuba; nta mugore urema, harema umugabo.

Ihura iyo lirangiye, bagiye kugosora, uwabanje gukubita ikibando, na none ni we ubanza kugosora, abagore bakabona kugosora, bitagenze bityo ngo imyaka iratuba.

Umuntu iyo yanitse amamera, nta waza ngo ayakozemo umuhunda; iyo akojejemo umuhunda, ngo aba ateye kurwana abazanywa inzoga y’ayo mamera.

## Amashakiro
Imihango yo guhinga

## Umurima

Umuntu iyo agiye guhinga, maze mu ihinga igitaka kikamugwa mu kanwa, ngo ntabwo apfa muli uwo mwaka„ arawulya.

Umuntu amara gukwikira isuka, akayisiga amase, ngo idasaza vuba; barongera bakayisiga n’amavuta. Kirazira kurenga aho baharuliye isuka; ngo uharenze arwara imitezi.

Umuntu ujya guhinga inzuzi, amara guca amayogi, akenda intosho n’ingata; ingata akayicaraho, intosho akayihilika, ngo uko intosho yihilika, ni ko n’ibihaza byihilika.

## Amashakiro
Imihango y'urutoki mu muco

## Urutoki

Insina iyo igiye kwana, maze ikanira mu rubavu ngo iba ikunguliye nyil’urutoki. Igitoki iyo kimanyuye iseri maze likagwa hasi, ngo kirakungura. Ilindi shyano,liba insina yannye udutoki tubili; nyil’urutoki arahanuza, yarangiza agatema agatoki kamwe akakajyana mu mayirabili. Impamvu yo kugishyira mu mayirabili, ni ukugira ngo abakirenze abe ali bo batwara ilyo shyano. Umuntu iyo amaze kwenga ibitoki, agiye kudaha, areba ibishishwa bitatu, kimwe akagishyira mu mutwe w’umuvure, ikindi akagishyira mu wundi, ikindi gishishwa akagishyira mu mutwe we maze akadaha; icyo gihe ntihabe hagira umuvugisha ngo amusubize, kwanga ko Inzoga ituba. Haba n’abashyira igishishwa cy’igitoki ku kibindi badahiramo.

Umuntu ujya gusuka INZOGA aruzi ko ali nkeya, iyo agira ngo itubuke, agera igipfunsi ku munwa w’akabindi basukamo, igipfunsi akagikubita hasi, ati: Uzura unsagulire. Ubwo inzoga igatubuka.

Umuntu iyo agiye kwenga inzoga y’AMARWA, igihe basabitse yilinda kurarana n’umugore we; iyo bararanye ngo inzoga iranyerera igapfa. Ndetse n’umwana w’umuhungu n’umukobwa bo muli urwo rugo barabahana ngo baramenye ntibajye gusambana, ngo byica inzoga.

## Amashakiro
Imihango yo kurema

## Kurema

Iyo bagiye guhura imyaka, babanza kurema ngo idatuba. Bareba intosho bakayigereka hejuru y’ingata, bagashyiraho ibyo bahura. Uremye akenda ikibando agakubita, ati: Indengo imwe, eshanu, esheshatu, iya cumi y’umugenzi. Nuko abahura bagahura, imyaka igatubuka.

Igihe bahura bilinda kurundisha inkoni, barundisha amashyi, ngo bidatubya imyaka. Kirazira iyo bahura imyaka, nta muntu waza ngo anyure haruguru y’aho bahulira. Nta n’uyoresha urushyi ngo ahuhe; ni ugutubya imyake,

Iyo bamaze guhura bazana intara bakayiyoresha yubitse (ntibayoresha intoke), bagaterera hejuru, bagasamisha imbere n’intara. Utwo bagosoye bakadusuka mu cyo babikamo; basukira hejuru y’agaseke (umuseke), bigatubura Imyaka.

## Amashakiro
Imihango y'urugo

## Urugo

Umuntu azira rwose gutema IGIKINGI CY’IREMBO; kirazira rwose kukigera n’umuhoro, ngo ni ugusura amatongo. Iyo amazi atungutse mu irembo, atuma umuntu atunga. Umuntu uhindura irembo akalyerekeza mu gikaIi, abyara abakobwa basa batagira umuhungu ubavukamo. Umuntu yilinda cyane kumena IFU mu rugo, cyangwa ku buliri, ngo bikenya umugore w’urwo rugo agapfa. Barahanuza, ndetse bakahimuka. Ni bimwe n’iyo umuntu abonye amavuta cyangwa amaraso mu rugo; ni ishyano libi, barahanuza. Umuntu azira kwitabira mu KIGEGA, ngo nticyuzura. Kwitsamulira mu kigega, ni amakuba mabi, ngo kwitsamulira inyuma y’urugi rukinze no kwitsamulira iruhande rw’ikirago cyegetse, ni ugupfa ntakabuza. Barahanuza.

## Ibindi
Umuntu ufite ikigega maze kikagwa cyali kilimo amasaka, umuzigaba cyangwa umuse, ni we uza kucyegura. Undi wundi acyeguye cyamutera ibyago. Umuntu iyo avuye gutashya INKWI, maze igihe atuye inkwi mu rugo umugozi ugacika, alishima ngo arahaga. Kirazira kwinjiza inkwi mu nzu uko zagahambiliwe, babanza kuzihambura; umugozi wazo bakawuhambiliza urukwi rumwe ngo ni wo mugenzo. Kuzinjiza zihambiliye, bikenya bene urugo.

## Amashakiro
Imihango y'inzu

## Inzu

Umuntu iyo avuye kuvoma AMAZI, maze yagera mu rugo akamena icyo yavomesheje, ngo nyil’urugo arakenyuka, kereka bimutse. Umuntu iyo amennye ITYAZO, ngo ni ishyano. Ulimennye aralyikorera akalijyana mu mayirabili y’inzira agatura, ati: Ntuye ishyano. Akaba yikijije ishyano. Abahanyuze bose bazira kulitambuka ngo balirenge. Bahira ibyatsi bakabijugunyaho, bakabona gutambuka, ntibagire icyo baba. Iyo umugabo cyangwa umugore badatereyeho utwatsi, ngo baralitwita ntibabyare. Abakobwa batereraho ishinge (utwatsi), abahungu batereraho uduti, ngo badahumana.

Umuntu iyo amennye URUSYO, ararwikorera. Areba ikintu arushyiramo akikorera, nuko yahura n’umuntu akamwinginga ngo namuture. Iyo amaze kumutura, uwali urwikoreye aliruka; yagera hilya cyane, ati: Untuye urusyo ntacyo untuye. Yagera mu rugo agahanuza, bakamuha imiti akanywa. Iyo abuze urumutura, arushyira mu mayirabili.

## Ibindi

Iyo ali umugabo wamennye urusyo maze ntajye kuruta, akararana n’umugore we, arapfa ntakibuza; byongeye ngo umugore we ararubyara. Uwamennye urusyo, atinya akamanyu k’urwo rusyo, kuko kavungukiye mu bilibwa abaliye ibyo bilyo ngo bahumana. Ubwo lero bakajya mu bahanuzi bakabaha imiti yo gutsinda amahano. Umuntu azira guhindura urusyo ngo arusereho inyuma yarwo; ngo ni ukwisulira kuzajya abyara abakobwa basa batagira umuhungu musaza wabo. Umuntu iyo abonye AGASONGERO k’inzu yicaye mu kirambi ngo arapfa. Agasongero k’inzu iyo gahingutse kakagaragara rwose, umugore wo muli urwo rugo arapfa. Bilinda ko gahinguka. Baragashingura kuko gakungura.

## Amashakiro
Ibibanza mu mugi wa Kigali

Ubutaka cyangwa se Ibibanza byo kubakamo mu mugi wa Kigali ,iki bwije nuko bikeye bijyenda biba bike ,kubera umubare mwinshi w'abatuye muri uyu muhi wa Kigali ,ibyo rero bigatuma ibiciro bizamuka ugereranije no mu bihe byatambutse,ndetse no mu ibindi bice  byo hirya no hino byaro by'u Rwanda.

## Imitunganirize yaho gutura  mu mugi wa kigali

Igishusanyo mbonera kigena imikoreshereze y'ubutaka mu mugi wa Kigali ,gifasha gushyiraho ibibanza ,nubwo rimwe narimwe kitagaragaza neza  mu buryo buziguye imikoreshereze y'ubutaka, hajyenda hakorwa ibindi bishushanyo bigagaragaza  uko ibibanza bigomba Kuba bikase mu buryo bw'iterambere kuburyo ibikorwa remezo nk'amazi, amashanyarazi,imihanda n'imiyoboro y'itumanaho  bigomba gukora kuri buri kibanza cy'umuntu cyangwa bikaba biri hafi yacyo. 

## Uko ikiguzi cy'ibibanza kijyenwa
Abagena gaciro ndetse n'abandi bagenerwabikorwa bigirwa inama yo gudhingira cyane ku giciro Fatizo,kuko aribwo buryo bwiza bugaragaza uko ibiciro bihagaze muri burk gace, uburya hategurwa igiciro fatizo redo bahera ku giciro gito gishoboka n'igiciro kinini gishoboka,bigatuma bihuzwa byose kugirango hategurwe ikigeraranyo cy'igiciro Fatizo kuri burk paricere iri muri icyo cyiciro. usanga rare akenshi ibiciro bizamurwa bitewe naho ikibanza giherereye Akarere, Umurenge cyangwa Akagari ndetse bakabanza kugaragaza igiciro kuri metero kare imwe ,bakazagikuba  n'umubare wizo meteor Kare. 

Urugero :Mu murenge wa Nyarugenge igiciro cyo hasi kuri Meteto kare imwe ni 11.378 Rwf naho igiciro cyo hejuru ni 233.587Rwf .

## Ingaruka zo kuzamuka kw'ibiciro by'ibibanza
Kubera umubare munini w' abimukira mu mugi wa Kigali, bituma abafite imishinga y'ishora Mari n'a atunzi bagurira abakene ubutaka bwabo kugirango bubake inyubako zijyane n'iterambere ndetse n'ibikorwa by'ubucuruzi bigatuma abakene batuzwa Kure y'umugi ndetse nibyo bikorwa remezo bagahera mu bukene.

Bimwe mu bikorwa biba bigomba gukorerwa muri ako gace usanga biba bihenze ,bityo bigatuma inzu zikodeshwa Ziba zihenze zaba ari izikorerwamo  ubucuruzi cyangwa izo guturamo. 

## Indanganturo
Nishimwe israel

Nishimwe Israel numusore wumunyarwanda wahanze uburyo wakwirinda impanuka iturutse kumashanyarazi.

## Amashakiro
AKAMARO KAMATERASI

## AKAMARO KAMATERASI KUBUTAKA  BUHANAMYE
Amaterasi mu turere tw’ubuhinzi bwo mu misozi afasha kwirinda isuri kandi bigatuma ubuhinzi ahantu hahanamye bishoboka.

Amaterasi ni uburyo gakondo bwo guhinga bukoreshwa mu myaka ibihumbi n’ibice bitandukanye by’isi, cyane cyane mu misozi cyangwa imisozi. Harimo gushiraho ibibanza binini, bisa nintambwe kumurongo, bigakoreshwa muguhinga. Ubu buhanga bugira akamaro cyane mubice aho imiterere yubutaka ituma uburyo bwo guhinga gakondo bugorana.

Imwe mu nshingano zibanze zo gutera amaterasi ni ukurinda isuri. Mu turere twimisozi, amazi yimvura arashobora kwoza ubutaka burumbuka, bigatuma ibihingwa bikomera. Amaterasi akora nk'inzitizi, agabanya umuvuduko w'amazi kandi akayemerera kwinjira mu butaka aho koza ubutaka. Ibi ntibibungabunga ubutaka gusa ahubwo binafasha kubungabunga amazi, akenshi akaba ari umutungo muke muri utu turere.

Urundi ruhare rukomeye rwo gutera amaterasi ni ugukora ubuhinzi ahantu hahanamye hashoboka. Hatabayeho amaterasi y'indinganire, ubutumburuke bukabije bw'ubutaka byatuma bidashoboka guhinga imyaka. Amaterasi ahindura neza ahahanamye muburyo bukurikiranye bushobora guhingwa byoroshye. Ibi byongera ubutaka bwo guhingwa buboneka kandi birashobora kuzamura cyane umusaruro wubuhinzi.

Amaterasi nayo agira uruhare mukubungabunga urusobe rwibinyabuzima. Inzego zitandukanye zamaterasi zirashobora gukora microclimates zitandukanye, zishobora gushyigikira ubwoko butandukanye bwibimera ninyamaswa. Ibi birashobora kugirira akamaro kurwanya udukoko no kwanduza, kimwe no kugira uruhare mubuzima rusange bwibidukikije.

Mu gusoza, amaterasi afite uruhare runini mu turere tw’ubuhinzi bwo mu misozi. Ifasha mu gukumira isuri, ituma ubuhinzi ahantu hahanamye hashoboka, kandi bugira uruhare mu binyabuzima. Nubwo imiterere-karemano yimirimo yo kurema no kubungabunga amaterasi, inyungu batanga zibagira igikoresho cyingenzi mubuhinzi burambye.
Amaterasi y'indinganire muri Gishwati

## Amaterasi y'indinganire
Amaterasi y'indinganire ni uburyo bukoreshwa mu gufasha kubungabunga ubutaka bwo mu misozi mu bihingwa, gukumira isuri, gufata amazi m'ubutaka, no kongera umusaruro w'ibihingwa. Ubu ni uburyo bwo guhinga imisozi kuburyo buziguye, bishoboza umuhinzi guhinga neza kandi akabona umusaruro uhagije.

### Amaterasi y'indinganire n'igisubizo cy'inkangu ku misozi
Imisozi yo mu karere ka Nyabihu yari yaramazwe n'isuri kuko yaridukaga uko bukeye n'uko bwije mu gihe cy'imvura, ariko nyuma yo gushyirwamo amaterasi y'indinganire bivugwa ko inkangu zitagitwara ibintu. 

Imisozi yo muri Gishwati yakunze kurangwaho inkangu, rimwe narimwe zigatwara ubuzima bw'abantu, zikangiza ibikorwaremezo, n'ibindi.  kuva umushinga wo kubungabunga ubutaka, gufata amazi no kuhira imisozi(LWH) watangira kuhakora amaterasi y'indinganire, abahinzi bemeza ko batacyikanga inkangu kandi bahinga bizeye kweza.

Ubwo hatangizwa igihembwe cy'ihinga cya 2015 tariki 1 Nzeri 2014, abaturage bo mubice bya Gishwati bashishikarijwe kongera ingufu mu guhinga ku amaterasi y'indinganire kugirango bafate ubutaka bwabo neza kandi bongere umusaruro cyane ko ubuhinzi ari bwo bufatiye runini benshi mu Banyarwanda.

## Amashakiro:
ISURI MU RWANDA

## ISURI
Isuri ni kimwe mu bibazo byangiza ibidukikije mu Rwanda iki kibazo giterwa ni imvura nyishi kikaba gikunze ku boneka muri tumwe mu turere tw' uRwanda cyane cyane udifite imisozi ihanamye urugero nka Rulindo ndetse n' utundi dutandukanye

*IBICE ISURI IKUNDA KWIBASIRA MU RWANDA NI NGARUKA ZAYO*

Mu Rwanda imiterere yarwo iratunganye hari igice cy' imisozi , utununga ,ibibaya , n'imisozi ihanamye n'ibindi bitandukanye .

isuri mu misozi ihanamye

Mu bice bitandukanye by' iguhu by 'umwihariko mu misozi ihanamye hagaragara isuri kurita ahandi harimo uturere twa nyamasheke , Rulindo , Rusizi hamwe nu utundi dufite imisozi ihanamye mu bice by 'iguhu bitandukanye

Zimwe mu ngaruka z'isuri:

Ø  Iyangiraka ry'ibikorwa remezo nka imihanda ,amashuri ndetse n'ibindi

Ø  Isuri yangiza imyaka ya abaturage n 'imirima y'abo.

Ø  Kwangirika ku urusobe rw'ibimera

Ø  Hari urusobe rw'ibinyabuzima bipfa byishwe n'isure .

Ø  Isuri itera inkangu

Ø  Isuri ishobora kuterAimpfu z' abantu

*NI GUTE TWA KWIRINDA TUKANAKUMIRA ISURI*

Mu Rwanda hamaze kugaraga ko isuri ari ikabazo hakozwe bimwe mi bikorwa byo kuyirwanya no kurengera ibidukikije n'urosobe rw'ibinyabuzima muri rusange hacukurwa imiringoti , ibyobo bifata amazi , amaterasi yindinganire , hatewe ibiti n'ibyatsi bifata amazi , hakorwa imiyoboro ya amazi indi igenda isiburwa ndetse ni ibindi bkorwa bitandukanye bigamije kurwanya isuri no kubungabunga ibidukikije

Amashakiro
Serivisi zo kwandikisha ubutaka

Imicungire y'ubutaka n'imikoreshereze yayo mu Rwanda ni imwe mu nkingi z'iterambere ry'ubukungu n'imibereho myiza y'abaturage. Leta y'u Rwanda yahisemo gushyiramo imbaraga mu iyandikisha ry'ubutaka guhera mu mwaka 2009 kugeza 2013. 

Serivisi zitangwa n’inzego zifite imicungire n’imikoreshereze y’ubutaka mu nshingano harimo izi zikurikirana ihererekanya ry’uburenganzira ku butaka, kugabanya cyangwa guhuza ubutaka, guhindura amakuru ku butaka, kubuza nyir’ubutaka uburenganzira bumwe na bumwe.
Igenamiterere ryimikoreshereze yubutaka m'u Rwanda

ikigo gishinze ubutaka  kibinyujije mu ishami ryimikoreshereze yubutaka gitanga serivisi zimikoreshereze yubutaka, izi serivisi zigamije ikoresha rirambye ry'ubutaka, iterambere ryubukungu nimibereho myiza yabaturage  mu Rwanda.https://web.archive.org/web/20231211101847/https://www.rema.gov.rw/info/details?tx_news_pi1%5Baction%5D=detail&tx_news_pi1%5Bcontroller%5D=News&tx_news_pi1%5Bnews%5D=341&cHash=9f418890779dcd5c55140d7558d8d113https://www.kigalitoday.com/ubuhinzi/ubuhinzi/ zimwe muri izi serivisi nizi zikurikira

###### iyandikisha ry'imikoreshereze yubutaka
iyi serivisi irebana niyandikwa ryicyo ubutaka bwajyenewe gukoreshwa . iyi serivisi yifashishwa mu iyandikisha ry'ubutaka n'itangwa ry'ibyangombwa byabwo https://www.kigalitoday.com/ubuhinzi/ubuhinzi/

##### igenamigambi ry'imikoreshereze yubutaka
iyi serivise iyanye nitegurwa ryimikoreshereze yubutaka ndetse nicyo bwajjyenewe mubice bijyiyebitandukanye. urugero imiturire, ubucuruzi , ibikorwa rusanjye ,ubuhinzi nibindi bigiye bitandukanye nkuko itegeko ribijyena.https://web.archive.org/web/20231211101847/https://www.rema.gov.rw/info/details?tx_news_pi1%5Baction%5D=detail&tx_news_pi1%5Bcontroller%5D=News&tx_news_pi1%5Bnews%5D=341&cHash=9f418890779dcd5c55140d7558d8d113

#### indanganturo
1.https://www.rema.gov.rw/info/details?tx_news_pi1%5Baction%5D=detail&tx_news_pi1%5Bcontroller%5D=News&tx_news_pi1%5Bnews%5D=341&cHash=9f418890779dcd5c55140d7558d8d113

2.https://www.kigalitoday.com/ubuhinzi/ubuhinzi/

3.https://www.rema.gov.rw/info/details?tx_news_pi1%5Baction%5D=detail&tx_news_pi1%5Bcontroller%5D=News&tx_news_pi1%5Bnews%5D=341&cHash=9f418890779dcd5c55140d7558d8d113
Mr jeromy

Mr jeromy ni umusobanuzi w'umunyarwanda Amazina ye nyakuri ni KWIZERA Jeremie. uvuka mu ntara y' uburengera zuba bw' u Rwanda mukarere ka Nyamasheke umurenge wa Karengera.
Imikoreshereze y'ubutaka no gutunganya amakarita

Ikigo cy'igihugu gishinzwe ubutaka, kibinyujije mu ishami ry'imikoreshereze y'ubutaka gitanga serivisi z'imikoreshereze y'ubutaka n'izo gutanga amakarita y'ubutaka mu Rwanda. Izi serivisi zigamije guteza imbere no gusobanukirwa ikoreshwa ry’ubutaka mu buryo burambye, iterambere ry’ubukungu n’imibereho myiza y’abaturage mu Rwanda. Serivisi zitangwa harimo izi zikurikira:

# Iyandikisha ry'imikoreshereze y'ubutaka.
# Uruhushya rwo guhindura icyo ubutaka bwagenewe ,harimo kuba ubutaka bwahingwagamo bwahindurwa ubwo kubakamo.
# Igenamigambi ry'imikoreshereze y'ubutaka n'ibishushanyombonera bicumbukuye.
# Igishushanyombonera cy'imikoreshereze y'ubutaka ku rwego rw'igihugu.
# Gutunganya amakarita no kubungabunga amakuru ndangamuntu.
Igenamiterere ry'ubutaka

Igenamigambi ryimitunganyirize y'ubutaka buri mukiciro kihariye 

Iri ni igenamigambi ryateguwe nurwego runaka, nurwego rwubukungu,ubwikorezi, ubuhinzi, amashyamba, amazi, isuku n'isukura ndetse nubukerarugendo. izi nzego ziteganya ubutaka buzakorerwaho ibikorwa byiterambere ryihutirwa ahantu hatandukanye.https://www.lands.rw/rw/imikoreshereze-yubutaka-no-gutunganya-amakarita

### Amwe mu mategeko agenga ubutaka mu Rwanda.
  dusangamo ibi bikurikira:
-Itegeko nshinga rya Repubulika y'Urwanda 

-Itegeko ry'Ubutaka no 43/2013 of 16/6/2013

-Iteka rya Minisiteri Nomero 002/2008 ryo kuwa 1/4/2008 rigena uburyo iyandikisha ry'ubutaka rikorwa.

-Ikegeko Nomero 18/007 ryo kuwa 19/4/2007 ryerekeye kwimura abantu ku mpamvu z'inyungu rusange.

Mumatsinda y'ubutaka dusanga hatandukanywa ubutaka bwo mu mijyi n'ubutaka bwo mu cyaro, hatandukanywa kandi ubutaka bw'abantu kugiti cyabo n'ubutaka bwa Leta; m'ubutaka bwa Leta dusanga na none harimo ubutaka bwa Leta bugize umutungo rusange n'ubutaka bwite bwa Leta.https://www.lands.rw/rw/abo-turi-bo/amavu-namavuko

#### Indanganturo
1.https://www.lands.rw/rw/abo-turi-bo/amavu-namavuko

2.https://www.lands.rw/rw/imikoreshereze-yubutaka-no-gutunganya-amakarita
Gutema amashyamba muri Vietnam

Raporo yo mu mwaka w'2005 yakozwe nishami ry'Umuryango w'Abibumbye rishinzwe ibiribwa n'ubuhinzi (FAO), Vietnam ni igihugu cya kabiri gifite amashyamba menshiyangiritse ku isi, ikaba ikurikira Nigeriya .   Ikoreshwa ry'ibinyabutabire bya defoliants mu gihe cy’intambara ya Vietnam ryagize ingaruka mbi kandi z'igihe kirekire ku mashyamba y’igihugu ndetse n’ibidukikije,  byibasira amashyamba agera kuri 14-44% by’amashyamba yose ari ku nkombe ya mangrove yo  

Icyakora, kubijyanye n’amashyamba yose, Vietnam yahuyen'impinduka mu mikurire y’amashyamba : ubuso buteyeho amashyamba bwiyongereye kuva mu ntangiriro ya za 1990, nyuma y’imyaka myinshi yo gutema amashyamba.  Kugeza mu 2005, hegitari 12,931.000 (zihwanye na 39.7% by'ubutaka bwa Vietnam) zateweho  amashyamba, nubwo hegitari 85.000 gusa (0.7% by'ubutaka) zari ishyamba ry'ibanze, ni ryo shyamba ry’ibinyabuzima bitandukanye cyane. 

## Reba kandi

* Ibidukikije muri Vietnam
* Ingaruka ku bidukikije ku ntambara yo muri Vietnam
* Ingaruka z'abakozi Orange muri Vietnam
* Gutema amashyamba muri Laos
* Gutema amashyamba muri Kamboje

## Reba
Ishusho y'Ibidukikije bikwiye kwitabwaho

**Gahunda y'ibidukikije bikwiye kwitabwaho** yari gahunda y’ubuhinzibubungabunga ibidukikije ikorwa na guverinoma y’Ubwongereza mu turere 22 twashyizweho twari twaratoranyijwe

Iyi gahunda akuweho mwa mwaka w'2005 na gahunda.

## Reba
Itegeko rigenga ibishanga

### Uburenganzira bwabakoresha ibishanga
Ingingo ya 19 y' ITEKA RYA MINISITIRI W’INTEBE No006/03 RYO KU WA 30/01/2017 RISHYIRAHO URUTONDE RW’IBISHANGA, IMITERERE N’IMBIBI ZABYO RIKANAGENA UBURYO UBWO BUTAKA BUKORESHWA, BUTUNGANYWA KANDI BUCUNGWA  igaragaza uburenganzira nishingano zabakoresha ibishanga bidakomye. Iri tegeko ryemeza indishyi zikwiye no kugenzura neza ibikorwa bikorerwa kuri ubwo butaka, bigamije guhuza kubungabunga ibidukikije n’imikoreshereze y’ubukungu.

### Indishyi kubikorwa
Iyo ubutaka bwigishanga kidakumye butarimo gukoreshwa bugurizwa umukoresha mushya, umukoresha mushya asabwa gutanga indishyi gusa kubikorwa byose byakozwe numukoresha wabanjirije mbere yo gushyira mubikorwa umushinga wemewe. Ibi byemeza ko imbaraga nishoramari byabakoresha byabanje kumenyekana no kwishyurwa neza.

### Gutanga Imishinga

Umuntu ku giti cye wakoresheje ubutaka bw’ibishanga budakumye nta masezerano yo gutizwa yahawe n’ubuyobozi bubifitiye ububasha agomba gutegura no kugeza gahunda z’umushinga mu nzego zibishinzwe mu gihe cyumwaka umwe. Iyi myanzuro ni ingenzi cyane kugirango ibikorwa bihure n’amabwiriza y’amategeko n’ibidukikije yashyizweho n’ubuyobozi.

### Gukomeza ibikorwa byemewe n'amategeko
Abashyizeho ibikorwa bihoraho mu bishanga bidakumye, byemewe n'amategeko ariko bitari mubikorwa biteganijwe gukoreshwa muri ibyo gishanga, bemerewe gukomeza ibikorwa byabo. Ariko, ntibemerewe kongera agaciro muribbikorwa. Uku kubuza gufasha kbungabunga ibidukikije no gukumira kwaguka cyangwa kongera ibikorwa bitemewe.

### Kubahiriza amategeko y'ibidukikije
Aya mabwiriza ashimangira akamaro ko kubahiriza amahame y’ibidukikije mugihe dukoresha ubutaka bw’ibishanga. Aya mabwiriza kandi agamije kurengera ubusugire bwibishanga ndetse hanarebwa inyungu z’ubukungu bw’abakoresha ibyo bishanga. Mugusaba kohereza imishinga no kugabanya kwaguka kutateganijwe kwibishanga, ayamategeko agamije gutateza imbere imikoreshereze irambye yibishanga.

## Urutonde wr'intanganturo
Gutanga Ubutaka mu Rwanda

## Ubutaka

Uburyo bwo gutanga no kubona ubutaka ni ubu bukurikira: 

1° ubugure; 

2° impano; 

3° irage; 

4° izungura; 

5° igurana; 

6° isaranganya ry’ubutaka cyangwa guhabwa ubutaka bikozwe n’ubuyobozi bubifitiye ububasha; 

7° irangizwa ry’inyandikompesha; 

8° ubundi buryo bwo gutanga no kubona butaka bugenwa hakurikijwe amategeko abigenga.

## Amashakiro
Ubukode burabye bw'ubutaka mu Rwanda

## Ubutaka

Ikigo gifite imicungire n’imikoreshereze y’ubutaka mu nshingano gitegura amasezerano y’ubukode burambye. Amasezerano y’ubukode burambye ashyirwaho umukono n’aba bakurikira.

## Ubukode
1° Umubitsi Mukuru w’inyandikompamo z’ubutaka, cyangwa umubitsi w’inyandikompamo z’ubutaka w’ifasi ubutaka buherereyemo, mu izina rya Leta.

2° umuntu cyangwa umuhagarariye wemewe n’amategeko. Iyo ari ubutaka bw’Umubitsi Mukuru w’inyandikompamo z’ubutaka cyangwa ubw’abo bafitanye isano ku gisanira cya mbere, amasezerano y’ubukode burambye ashyirwaho umukono n’umubitsi w’inyandikompamo z’ubutaka wo mu ifasi ubutaka buherereyemo.

## ibindi
Iyo ari ubutaka bw’umubitsi w’inyandikompamo z’ubutaka cyangwa ubw’abo bafitanye isano ku gisanira cya mbere buri mu ifasi akoreramo, amasezerano y’ubukode burambye ashyirwaho umukono n’Umubitsi Mukuru w’inyandikompamo z’ubutaka.

## Amashakiro
Amasezerano y'ubutaka mu Rwanda

## Ubutaka

Ubutaka mu Rwanda bwandikwa n'umubitsi Mukuru w’inyandikompamo z’ubutaka cyangwa umubitsi w’inyandikompamo z’ubutaka yandika muri rejisitiri y’ubutaka amasezerano y’ubukode burambye agatanga icyemezo cy’iyandikishwa.Iyo ari ubutaka bw’umubitsi w’inyandikompamo z’ubutaka cyangwa ubw’abo bafitanye isano ku gisanira cya mbere buri mu ifasi akoreramo, amasezerano y’ubukode burambye ashyirwaho umukono n’Umubitsi Mukuru w’inyandikompamo z’ubutaka.

## Ibindi
Amasezerano y’ubukode burambye n’icyemezo cy’iyandikishwa ry’ubutaka bitangwa mu buryo bw’ikoranabuhanga cyangwa mu buryo bw’impapuro zicapye. Iyo amasezerano y’ubukode burambye n’icyemezo cy’iyandikishwa ry’ubutaka byatanzwe ku muntu utari nyir’ubutaka, biteshwa agaciro hakurikijwe ibiteganywa n’amategeko abigenga

## Amashakiro
Uburenganzira ku bukode burambye bw'ubutaka

## Ubutaka

Umuntu utunze ubutaka ku buryo bw’ubukode burambye afite uburenganzira bukurikira:

1° gukoresha ubwo butaka uko abishaka, ariko yubahiriza amategeko agenga imikoreshereze y’ubutaka; 

2° kubona umusaruro uturuka ku butaka bwe n’inyungu zawo; 

3° guhererekanya uburenganzira bwe ku butaka.

## Amashakiro
Gutiza ubutaka

## Ubutaka

Ipiganwa ryo gutiza cyangwa gukodesha ubutaka bwa Leta ku mpamvu z’ishoramari rirambye ritegurwa na Minisiteri ifite ubutaka mu nshingano ifatanyije n’urwego rufite guteza imbere ishoramari mu nshingano. Inzego zitegura ipiganwa zitegura n’inyandiko y’ipiganwa. Ipiganwa ryo gutiza cyangwa gukodesha ubutaka bwa Leta ku mpamvu z’ishoramari rirambye rikorwa hakurikijwe amategeko abigenga. 

## Amashakiro
Guhabwa ubutaka butanyuze mu ipiganwa

## Ubutaka

Urwego rufite guteza imbere ishoramari mu nshingano rusaba mu nyandiko, mu mwanya w’umushoramari, Minisitiri ufite ubutaka mu nshingano gutiza cyangwa gukodesha ubutaka bwa Leta mu rwego rw’ishoramari rirambye bitanyuze mu ipiganwa. 

## Ibindi
Inyandiko isaba gutiza cyangwa gukodesha ubutaka bwa Leta mu rwego rw’ishoramari rirambye bitanyuze mu ipiganwa iherekezwa n’ibi bikurikira: 

1° inyigo y’umushinga w’ishoramari; 

2° icyemezo kigaragaza ko uwo mushinga ari uw’ishoramari rirambye; 3° inyandiko igaragaza ingano y’ubutaka bukenewe kuri uwo mushinga.

## Amashakiro
Ubutaka bwa Leta y'u Rwanda

## Ubutaka

Mu gusuzuma ubusabe bwo gutiza cyangwa gukodesha ubutaka bwa Leta bitanyuze mu ipiganwa, harebwa, 

1° niba umushinga wubahirije igishushanyo mbonera cy’imikoreshereze y’ubutaka; 

2° niba ubwo butaka nta bindi bikorwa byateganyijwe kubukorerwaho; 

3° hanarebwa niba imiterere y’ubutaka iberanye n’umushinga watanzwe hibandwa ku ihame ryo gukoresha ubutaka buto bushoboka ku mushinga.

## Ibindi
Iyo ubusabe bwo gutiza cyangwa gukodesha ubutaka bwa Leta bitanyuze mu ipiganwa bufite ishingiro, Minisitiri ufite ubutaka mu nshingano yandikira urwego rufite guteza imbere ishoramari mu nshingano 

1° arumenyesha by’agateganyo ubuso bw’ubutaka bwa Leta bushobora gutizwa cyangwa gukodeshwa bitanyuze mu ipiganwa, aho buherereye n’imbago zabwo; 

2° anarusaba gusuzuma inyigo y’isuzumangaruka ku bidukikije y’uwo mushinga hakurikijwe amategeko abigenga, mbere y’uko ubwo butaka bwa Leta butizwa cyangwa bukodeshwa.

## Ibindi
Ipiganwa ry'ubutaka mu Rwanda

## Ubutaka

Inyandiko y’ipiganwa iba ikubiyemo amakuru y’ingezi akurikira.

1° ibikorwa bizakorerwa ku butaka hakurikijwe ibiteganyijwe ku gishushanyo mbonera cy’imikoreshereze y’ubutaka, ibikenewe mu gace ubutaka buherereyemo, n’ibyihutirwa ku rwego rw’Igihugu; 

2° ibikorwa biri kuri ubwo butaka; 

3° ibipimo ndangahantu by’ubutaka bikozwe hakurikijwe ibipimo byemewe nyuma yo gusuzumwa n’ikigo gifite imicungire n’imikoreshereze y’ubutaka mu nshingano; 

4° andi makuru ya ngombwa mu ipiganwa hakurikijwe ishoramari rirambye rizakorerwa kuri ubwo butaka.

## Amashakiro
Intizo y'ubutaka mu Rwanda

## Ubutaka

Minisiteri ishinzwe ubutaka itegura intizo y’ubutaka cyangwa amasezerano yo gukodesha ubutaka bwa Leta. Intizo y’ubutaka cyangwa amasezerano yo gukodesha ubutaka bwa Leta ku mpamvu z’ishoramari rirambye bitegurwa hashingiwe ku miterere y’umushinga w’ishoramari. Intizo y’ubutaka ku mpamvu z’imibereho myiza y’abaturage itegurwa hashingiwe ku mushinga wo gutiza ubutaka bwa Leta mu rwego rw’imibereho myiza y’abaturage.

## Intizo y'ubutaka
Intizo y’ubutaka cyangwa amasezerano yo gukodesha ubutaka bwa Leta mu rwego rw’ishoramari rirambye bishyirwaho umukono na :

1° Minisitiri ufite ubutaka mu nshingano; 

2° umushoramari. Intizo y’ubutaka mu rwego rw’imibereho myiza y’abaturage ishyirwaho umukono na : 

1° Minisitiri ufite ubutaka mu nshingano; 

2° na Minisitiri ufite imibereho myiza y’abaturage mu nshingano.

## Amashakiro
Ubutaka n'imibereho mwiza

## Ubutaka

Minisitiri ufite imibereho myiza y’abaturage mu nshingano ashyikiriza Minisitiri ufite ubutaka mu nshingano umushinga wo gutiza ubutaka bwa Leta mu rwego rw’imibereho myiza y’abaturage. Uwo mushinga ugaragaza ingano y’ubutaka, ibipimo ndangahantu by’ubutaka bukenewe, n’ibikorwa bizabukorerwaho. 

## Minisiteri
Minisitiri ufite ubutaka mu nshingano asuzuma uwo mushinga hashingiwe ku gishushanyo mbonera cy’imikoreshereze y’ubutaka y’aho ubutaka bukenewe buherereye. Iyo Minisitiri ufite ubutaka mu nshingano abonye uwo mushinga ufite ishingiro arawemeza. Ubutaka bwa Leta butizwa umuntu utishoboye hagamijwe kuzamura imibereho ye.

## Amashakiro
Ubutaka rw'iterambere

## Ubutaka

Ikigo gifite imicungire n’imikoreshereze y’ubutaka mu nshingano gifatanyije n’urwego rufite guteza imbere ishoramari mu nshingano bikora igenzura mu rwego rwo kureba ko umushoramari yubahiriza ibikubiye mu masezerano y’intizo cyangwa ay’ubukode bw’ubutaka bwa Leta n’inyigo y’umushinga umushoramari yatanze.

## Amashakiro