Mind-controlled wheelchair

## MIND CONROLLED WHEELCHAIR
**Intebe y'abafite ubumuga igenzurwa n'ubwenge** n'intebe y'imodoka igenzurwa nubwonko na interineti .Ni intebe y’abafite ubumuga ishobora kugira akamaro kanini kubarwayi barwaye syndrome ifunze (LIS), aho umurwayi abizi ariko ntashobora kwimuka cyangwa kuvugana mu magambo kubera ubumuga bwuzuye bw'imitsi hafi ya yose yubushake mu mubiri usibye amaso. Intebe y’abafite ubumuga ishobora kandi gukoreshwa mugihe habaye dystrofi y'imitsi, indwara igabanya imitsi kandi ikabangamira lokomisiyo.

## Amateka
Tekinoroji iri inyuma y'ubwonko cyangwa kugenzura ubwenge igaruka byibura mu mwaka 2002, mu gihe abashakashatsi binjije electrode mu bwonko bw'inguge za macaque, zabafashaga kugenzura indanga kuri ecran ya mudasobwa. Ubuhanga nk'ubwo bwashoboye kugenzura amaboko ya robo (igikoresho baha ubuzima nkigakora nk'Umuntu) na joysticks yoroshye.  Mu mwaka wa 2009, abashakashatsi bo muri kaminuza y’amajyepfo ya Floride bakoze imashini y’abafite ubumuga ifata ubwonko bw’umukoresha maze bugahindurwa imikorere ya robo. Imigaragarire ya Brain-Computer (BCI), ifata ibisubizo by'ubwonko bwa P-300 ikabuhindura mubikorwa, byakozwe na mwarimu w’imitekerereze ya USF Emanuel Donchin na bagenzi be. Ikimenyetso cy'ubwonko P-300 gikora "urutoki" rusanzwe ku barwayi badashobora kwimuka, nk'abafite syndrome ifunze cyangwa abafite indwara ya Lou Gehrig (ALS). 

Intebe yambere igenzurwa n'ubwenge yageze k'umusaruro mu mwaka 2016. Yakozwe na Diwakar Vaish, Umuyobozi wa Robo n'ubushakashatsi muri A-SET Training & Research Institut.  

Mu Gushyingo mu mwaka 2022, kaminuza ya Texas muri Austin yashyizeho igare ry’abafite ubumuga rigenzurwa n’ibitekerezo hakoreshejwe igikoresho cya EEG.  Byongeye kandi, Werurwe mu mwaka 2022 yabonye impapuro zo muri kaminuza ya Clarkson zitegura igishushanyo cy’abafite ubumuga bigenzurwa n’ibitekerezo na byo bikoresha EEG. 

## Ikoranabuhanga

### Igikorwa
Intebe y’abafite ubumuga igenzurwa n'ubwenge ikoresheje ubwonko na interineti ya mudasobwa, electroencephalogramu (EEG) yambarwa ku gahanga k'umukoresha itahura imitekerereze y’imitsi igera ku gahanga cyemerera micro-mugenzuzi uri mu bwato kumenya inzira y’umukoresha, kuyisobanura, no kugenzura kugenda kw'abafite ubumuga.

Mu Gushyingo mu mwaka wa 2022, kaminuza ya Texas muri Austin yakoze ubushakashatsi ku kamaro k'icyitegererezo cy'abafite ubumuga igenzurwa n'ubwenge. Kimwe na BCI, imashini ihindura cyanga ikoreshwa ubwonko mukugenda. By'umwihariko, abitabiriye amahugurwa basabwe kwiyumvisha ibintu bigenda byihuta kugira ngo intebe y’abafite ubumuga yimuke. Ubu bushakashatsi bwabonye ikoreshwa rya electrode idatera, ukoresheje capit ya electroencephalogram bitandukanye na electrode yashyizwe imbere.  Muri Werurwe mu mwaka wa 2022, Stoyell n'abandi. Muri kaminuza ya Clarkson yasohoye impapuro bateganyirizamo igishushanyo cy’abafite ubumuga igenzurwa n’ibitekerezo bishingiye ku mutwe wa Emotiv EPOC X, igikoresho cya electroencephalogram. 

### Imikorere
Intebe y’abafite ubumuga A-SET ije isanzwe hamwe n'ubwoko bwinshi butandukanye bwa sensor, nk'ubushyuhe, ibyuma bifata amajwi hamwe n'uruhererekane rwerekana intera yerekana ubusumbane buri hejuru. Intebe ihita yirinda ingazi kandi ikaba ihanamye. Ifite kandi "umutekano muburyo  bw'umutekano": mugihe habaye akaga, uyikoresha ashobora gufunga amaso vuba kugira ngo ahagarike byihutirwa.

Ku bijyanye n'intebe yateguwe na Stoyell n'abandi, ibikoresho byonyine bikenerwa mu gukoresha intebe na EMOTIV EPOC X. Igishushanyo mbonera cya kaminuza ya Texas 'na Clarkson byombi bifite inyungu zo kugaza nkizitabishaka, hamwe na electrode zishyirwa ku mutwe bitandukanye. Ibi bituma ibicuruzwa bisa nkaho byoroshye.  

## Amashakiro