Imibereho y’ababana n’ubumuga mu Rwanda

**Imibereho y’ababana n’ubumuga mu Rwanda** igaragaza uko abana bafite ubumuga babaho, uburyo Leta n’abafatanyabikorwa babafasha, n’imbogamizi bagihura nazo mu burezi, ubuzima n’imibereho. Ubumuga bushobora kuba ubw’umubiri, ubw’ubwenge, ubw’amarangamutima cyangwa ubuvukanwa. Abana bafite ubumuga bakeneye ubufasha bwihariye kugira ngo bagere ku burenganzira bwabo nk’abandi bana bose. 

## Amategeko n’amabwiriza abigenga
Itegeko n° 01/2007 ryo ku wa 21 Gicurasi 2007 rigena uburyo bwo kurengera abantu bafite ubumuga mu Rwanda. Rishyiraho uburyo bwo gutanga uburezi bukwiye no gushyigikira abantu bafite ubumuga mu buzima bwabo bwa buri munsi.

Nanone, **Itegeko No 54/2011** ryerekeye uburenganzira n’itegurwa ry’umwana rifasha mu kurengera abana bafite ubumuga. Itegeko No 54/2011 rigena uburenganzira n’itegurwa ry’umwana mu Rwanda.

Leta y’u Rwanda yashyizeho politiki y’uburezi burimo bose (*Inclusive Education Policy*) kugira ngo abana bafite ubumuga babone amahirwe angana n’abandi mu burezi no mu buzima.

## Imibereho y’abana bafite ubumuga

### Uburezi
Mu mashuri y’incuke n’abanza, abana bafite ubumuga bakunze guhura n’ibibazo byo kubona ibikoresho bibafasha cyangwa abarimu bafite ubumenyi mu burezi bwihariye. Leta yashyizeho gahunda y’abafasha b’amashuri (*teacher assistants*) n’amashuri y’icyitegererezo yita ku burezi burimo bose.

Mu mashuri yisumbuye, hari ibigo bimwe na bimwe byashyizeho uburyo bwo gufasha abanyeshuri bafite ubumuga gukurikira amasomo, ariko ibikoresho n’imfashanyigisho ziracyari nke.

### Ubuzima n’imibereho
Abana bafite ubumuga bahura n’imbogamizi mu kubona serivisi z’ubuzima, harimo kugenzurwa hakiri kare (*screening*) n’ibikoresho bibafasha mu mibereho ya buri munsi. Mu miryango itishoboye, ubukene butuma bamwe batitabwaho uko bikwiye.

### Kurindwa no kwitabwaho mu muryango
Abana bafite ubumuga bamwe bahura n’ihezwa rikomoka ku myumvire, cyangwa bagatereranwa n’imiryango. Leta n’imiryango itegamiye kuri Leta bakoze ubukangurambaga bwo guteza imbere imyumvire yo kwakira no kurengera abo bana.

## Ingero z’uturere

; Musanze

Mu karere ka Musanze, umuryango *Ubumwe Community Center* utera inkunga abana bafite ubumuga babona ibikoresho n’ubufasha bwihariye mu mashuri. 

; Nyarugenge

Mu mujyi wa Kigali, ikigo *HVP Gatagara* cyakira abana bafite ubumuga bw’ingingo n’ubw’ubwenge, kikabafasha mu myigire n’ubuzima.

; Huye

Abana bafite ubumuga mu karere ka Huye bafashwa ku bitaro bya Kabutare kubona ubuvuzi n’ibikoresho byo kugenda  biturutse ku bufatanye n’umushinga nyarwanda Rwanda Resilience and Grounding Organization nk’uko byatangajwe mu nkuru ya Igihe.com. 

; Rutsiro

Mu karere ka Rutsiro, gahunda y’uburezi burimo bose igenda ifasha abana bafite ubumuga kwinjizwa mu mashuri y’ibanze, nubwo imbogamizi z’imihanda n’ibikoresho bigihari nk'uko bigaragara kurubuga rw'akarere ka Rutsiro .

## Imbogamizi

* Ibikorwa remezo bidahagije by’amashuri n’amavuriro.
* Imyumvire ikiri hasi ku bijyanye n’ubumuga mu baturage bamwe.
* Ubukene n’ibura ry’ibikoresho byihariye.
* Kutagira ubushakashatsi buhoraho ku mibereho y’abana bafite ubumuga.

## Inama n’ingamba

# Gukomeza guteza imbere gahunda y’uburezi burimo bose.
# Guhugura abarimu n’ababyeyi ku bijyanye n’uburezi bw’abana bafite ubumuga.
# Guteza imbere ibikorwa remezo bijyanye n’ubuzima n’uburezi.
# Gukora ubushakashatsi bwagutse ku mibereho y’abana bafite ubumuga.
# Gutanga inkunga ku miryango ifite abana bafite ubumuga.

## Imibare igaragara

## Umusozo
Abana bafite ubumuga mu Rwanda bafite amahirwe menshi yo guteza imbere imibereho yabo, ariko haracyari imbogamizi nyinshi. Imbaraga za Leta, imiryango n’abaturage muri rusange zigomba guhurizwa hamwe kugira ngo buri mwana abone uburenganzira bungana n’ubw’abandi.

## Reba nanone

* Uburenganzira bw’umwana mu Rwanda ku burezi n’imibereho
* HVP Gatagara

## Amasano yo hanze

* UNICEF Rwanda
* Hope and Homes for Children Rwanda
* National Institute of Statistics of Rwanda

## References