open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Urwobo rwa Bayanga

**Urwobo rwa Bayanga**, cyangwa ahazwi nko **Mu** **Rwabayanga**, ni ahantu hari urwobo ruherereye mu Ntara y’Uburasirazuba, Akarere ka Bugesera, Umurenge wa Mayange. Ni urwobo ruri hagati mu ishyamba riri mu gice cy’ahitwa Gako, hafi y’umupaka w’u Rwanda n’u Burundi. Mu Rwabayanga hafite amateka maremare, ajyanye n'imico, imyumvire n'amateka y’u Rwanda kuva kera kugeza igihe cya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994.,,,

### Amateka n’inkomoko y’izina
Hari impaka zishingiye ku nkomoko y’uru rwobo ndetse no ku muntu witwaga Bayanga aho bivugwa ko yarwubatse cyangwa yaruguyemo. Bamwe bavuga ko Bayanga yari umugaragu w'umwami Kigeri IV Rwabugiri wafukuye iriba riri imbere mu nzu ye mu gihe hariho izuba rikabije, maze bituma abona amazi ku giti cye(wenyine) maze bikabangamira ibwami. ibyo byaje gutuma afatwa nk’umugome, aratoroka ajyana n’amatungo ye, azimira muri rwa rwobo arurohamamo. Abandi bavuga ko yari umutasi waturutse i Burundi ku ngoma ya Yuhi III Mazimpaka, aho yategetswe gucukura umwobo kugeza abonye igihugu cye. Hari n’abavuga ko yari nyirarume wa Nsoro w’i Bugesera, akicwa azira gucika na inka.,,

#### Umumaro n’uruhare mu muco
Urwo rwobo rwahuriragamo imyumvire myinshi y’imigenzo gakondo. Rwavugwagaho kuba rurerure cyane ku buryo ruhinguka mu kiyaga cya Rweru cyangwa mu Cyohoha. Hari n’abavugaga ko harimo inzoka nini y’uruziramire, ndetse hakabamo n’amajanja y’imbwa za Ruganzu II Ndori.

Urwobo rwa Bayanga ryifashishwaga nk’igihano gikomeye, aho abarwanyaga ubutegetsi cyangwa abakekwagaho imyitwarire mibi barohwaga. Mu mateka, hari abakobwa batwaye inda z’indaro ndetse n’abakekwagaho imyitwarire idakwiriye bo mu muryango w’ibikomangoma barohwagamo. Abayobozi nka Rwampembwe, Nyombayire, Baryinyonza Burabyo n’abandi baroshwemo nk’igihano cy’ubugome cyangwa kwigomeka.,,

## Amashakiro:
Parike ya Tarangire

**Tarangire** ni parike y'igihugu iri mu karere ka Menyara  muri Tanzaniya. Izina rya parike rikomoka ku ruzi rwa Tarangire rwambuka parike. Umugezi wa Tarangire nisoko yambere y’amazi meza y’inyamaswa zo mu gasozi muri Ecosystem ya Tarangire mugihe cyizuba cyumwaka. Ibinyabuzima bya Tarangire bisobanurwa no kwimuka intera ndende ya wildebeest na zebrasi . Mu gihe cyizuba inyamanswa ibihumbi n’ibihumbi byibanda muri parike ya Tarangire uhereye mu bihe bikikije ibihe byo gukwirakwiza no kubyara.

Ifite ubuso bungana nana 2,850 km. Imiterere nyaburanga igizwe n'imisozi ya granitike, ikibaya cy'umugezi, n'ibishanga. Ibimera ni uruvange rw’ishyamba Rya Acacia, ishyamba rya Combretum, ibyatsi byuzuyemo n'ibiti bya Adansonia.

Inzovu ya kera izwi kubyara impanga tuyisanga muri Tarangire. Ivuka ry'impanga ziherutse muri parike yigihugu ya Tarangire ya Tanzaniya ni urugero rwiza rw'ukuntu kuvuka kwizo mpanga zombi zifite ubuzima bwiza kandi bitera imbere bishobora gutsinda ibibazo. 

Inzu ibamo amoko arenga 550, parike ni ahantu h'abakunda inyoni. Iyi parike izwi cyane kubera Imisozi miremire itondekanya imiterere. Abatereranywe usanga akenshi babamo dwarf mongoose. Muri 2015, giraffe yera kubera leucism yagaragaye muri parike.  Ubushakashatsi bwibinyabuzima bwibanze ku nzovu yo muri Afurika yo mu gihuru na Masai giraffe.

Kuva mu 2005, agace karinzwe gafatwa nk'igice cyo kubungabunga intare muriyi pariki  

## Amerekezo ya pariki Tarangire
Parike ya Tarangire irashobora kugerwaho unyuze kumuhanda wa kaburimbo uva Arusha mumasaha abiri.Pariki y'ikiyaga cya Manyara ni kilometero 70 uvuye Tarangire.
Umusozi Speke

**Umusozi Speke** uri muri parike yigihugu ya Ruwenzori muri Uganda kandi niwo musozi wa kabiri muremure  Hamwe n'umusozi Stanley n'umusozi wa Baker, ikora inyabutatu ikikije ikibaya cyo hejuru cya Bujuku . Impinga yegereye ni umusozi wa Stanley,ufite ubuso bwa 3.55 km (2.21 mi) mu majyepfo y'uburengerazuba. 

## Imiterere
Imisozi yose muriki cyiciro igizwe nimpinga nyinshi. Mount Speke ni Vittorio Emanuele 4,890 m (16.040 ft) ; Ensonga ifite ubuso bwa 4,865 m (15,961) ft) ; Johnston 4,834 m (15.860 ft) ; na Trident 4,572 m (15.000) ft) .  Amazina yatoranijwe yubaha umuryango wibwami wUbutaliyani; icyakora, guhitamo izina byagombaga kwemezwa na Protectorate y'Ubwongereza na Uganda wayoboraga ako karere muri kiriya gihe.

## Amashakiro
Umusozi wa Moroto

**Umusozi wa Moroto,**   ufite ubuso bwa (  ), ni umusozi uri mu majyaruguru y'uburasirazuba bwa Uganda . 

Izina kavukire ryuyu musozi ryari "Moru To" (bisobanura "umusozi wiburengerazuba", rikomoka ku magambo "Moru" risobanura umusozi na "Kuri" bisobanura iburengerazuba). wiswe gutya kuko mugihe cyo kwimuka kwimiryango kavukire, yakomokaga muri Etiyopiya, yagaragaye mu burengerazuba.

## Aho biherereye
Uyu musozi kandi wegeranye n'umujyi wa Moroto mu Karere ka Moroto, Karamoja, Intara y'Amajyaruguru ya Uganda . Nibirometero 3( 3km), kumuhanda, iburasirazuba bwa Moroto akarere k'ubucuruzi hagati. Umusozi wa Moroto ni umwe mu ruhererekane rw'ibirunga ku mupaka mpuzamahanga wa Uganda na Kenya utangirira ku musozi wa Elgon mu majyepfo ukaba urimo umusozi wa Kadam n'umusozi wa Morungole .   Agace gakikije umusozi wa Moroto ni ishyamba ry’amashyamba ririnda ahantu hatandukanye kuva savanna yamahwa yumye kugeza ishyamba ryumye. 

## Kuzamuka umusozi
Ibidukikije bikikije umusozi wa Moroto bipima  kandi bikubiyemo amoko arenga 220 y’inyoni, inkende ninjangwe. Inzira zo kuzamuka zirahari kandi n'abantu  abayobora imisozi barahari. 

## Guhinga no kuhira
Amasoko karemano k'umusozi wa coesce kugirango ube amasoko ninzuzi nto  Gahunda y'ibiribwa ku isi. yigisha abaturage ba Karimajong uburyo bwo gusarura no kubika ayo mazi no kuyakoresha mu kuhira umusaruro w'ubuhinzi mu biribwa byo mu rugo no kwinjiza amafaranga.
Dr. Justin Nsengiyumva

= Dr. Justin NSENGIYUMVA =
Dr. Justin NSENGIYUMVA, yari asanzwe ari visi guverineri wa bank nkuru y' igihugu kuva muri gashantare 2025, kuwa 23 nyakanga 2025 yagizwe minisitiri w' intebe na nyakubahwa perezida wa repubulika t' u Rwanda paul KAGAME, asimbuye Dr. Eduard NGIRENTE wari muri uwo mwanya kuva muri 2017.

## Amateka
Minisitiri w' Intebe mushya Dr. Justin NSENGIYUMVA afite inararibonye mu bukungu na politiki y' u Rwanda ndetse namahanga kuko yize anabona impamyabumenyi zinyuranye muri za kaminuza zikomeye ndetse anakora imirimo itandukanye mu gihugu no mu mahanga yerekeye ubukungu na politiki.

### Amashuri yize
Dr. Justin NSENGIYUMVA yize muri catholic university of eastern Africa ahakura impamyabumenyi y' icyiciro cya kabiri mu bucuruzi, yahise yerekeza muri kaminuza ta nairobi naho ahakura icyiciro cya gatatu cya kaminuza mu ngamba z' ubukungu n' imicungire yabwo, muri 2011 kugeza 2015 yize ze muri kaminuza ya Liecester ahakura Impamyabushobozi y' ikirenga mu bukungo.

### Imirimo yakoze
Dr. Justin NSENGIYUMVA yakoze imirimo myinshi inyuranye yerekeranye n' ubukungu n' ingamba zabwo, ubucuruzi n' uburezi haba imbere mu gihugu no mu mahanga.

#### Mu Rwanda

* Mbere yuko agirwa umunyamabanga uhora muri minisiteri y, inganda n' ubucuruzi, yahagarariye u Rwanda mu biganiro mu muryango w' isi w' ubucuruzi (World Trade organization (WTO) byerekenye imiryango y' ubufatanye y' akarere  nka EAC, COMESA na ICGLR
* Kuva muri 2005 _ 2008 yakoze muri minisiteri y' inganda n' ubucuruzi ari umunyamabanga uhoraho.
* kuva werurwe 2008 _ ugushyingo 2008 yabaye umunyamabanga uhoraho muri minisiteri y' uburezi
* Kuva tariki ya 23 nyakanga yagizwe minisitiri w' intebe.

#### Mu mahanga

* kuva muri 2014 _ 2016 yari ushinzwe ubukungu mu ishami rishinzwe abakozi n' izabukuru muri guverinoma y' ubwongereza.
* Kuva muri 2016 _ 2025 yari umujyanama mukuru muby' ubukungu wa goverinoma y' ubwangereza ushinzwe  mu ishami rishinzwe imihanda na gari yamoshi (office of rail and roads)
* kuva 2009 _ 2015 yabaye umushakashatsi muri Refugee Action.

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Wilderness Magashi Peninsula

= Wilderness Magashi Peninsula =

Wilderness Magashi Peninsula, ni hoteli iri kubakwa muri pariki y' igihugu y' akagera mugace ka amajyarugu bw' iburasirazuba bw' iyi pariki, kuva muri Nzeri iyi hoteli izatangira kwakira abakiriya bambere, kuko kugeza ubu inyubako z' iyi hoteli zamaze kubakwa aho zigizwe n' inyubako zo kuraramo ndetse ikagira ninyubako yihariye ishobora kwakira umuryango cyangwa abantu bari mu biruhuko kizwi nka Villa. 

## Ibiciro
muri iyi hoteli iherereye muri pariki y' Akagera mugace ka Magashi ifite ubwiza bwihariye ushingiye kuhantu iherereye, banyiri hoteli batangaje ibiciro byo kurara muri iyi hoteri.

* Kurara mu cyumba gisanzwe ni 3000$ bivuze asaga miliyoni 4FRW
* Kurara muri Villa ni 12500$ ubwo ni asaga Miliyoni 17FRW

## Umwihariko
Inyubako z' iyi hoteli zirihariye ndetse n' imbata yayo irihariye kuko uyitegereje usanga yubatse nk' uruziga kandi yubatswe n' ibiti cyangwa imbaho, iri mubwoko bwa lodge, ifiteibyumba 8 kandi ikagira na Villa imwe igizwe n' ibyumba 4 na pisine yihariye, iherereye ahantu heza hitegeye kandi haboneka inyamanswa nyinshi nki intare, ingwe, isha nizindi. 

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Mpazi Rehousing Project

= Mpazi Model Village =
Umushinga wa Mpazi wo kuvugurura imiturire y' abaturage batuye ahazwi nko mu gitega ku mugezi wa Mpazi, aha abahatuye bari mubyago bikabije byo guhura n' ibiza kuko uwa mugezi wajyaga uhura n' amazi ya ruhuru yo mu mujyi amazi akuzura agateza ibibazo kuko yigeze gutwara ubuzima bw' abantu. 

## Ibyo wamenya kuri Mazi Model Village
Umushinga w' imiturire ivuguruye wa Mpazi ni umwe mu mishinga itandukanye y' umugi wa Kigali yo kuvugurura imiturire mu mujyi cyane cyane mu duce dufite imiturire y' akajagari kandi ishyira umuzima bw' abaturage mu byago, uyu mushinga watangiye muri 2021 mu gice cy' igerageza aho hubatswe inzu eshanu za G+2 (Zigeretse kabiri) nyuma yiri gerageza Guverinoma y' u Rwanda binyuze mu mugi wa Kigali na minisiteri y' ingabo, bakomeje uyu mushinga bawita Mpazi rehousing project aho bari kubaka umudugudu w' amazu ageretse gatatu (G+3), uyu mudugudu biteganyijwe ko uzatuzwamo abasaga 688, harimo imihanda, ubusitani n' amazi meza. 

Gasabo 3D companyi ishinzwe ubugenzuzi muri uyu mushinga ivugako imirimo yo kubaka uyu mudugudu biteganyijwe ko izarangizwa muri kamena 2025.  

## Indi mishinga yo kuvugurura imiturire muri kigali
Umugi wa Kigali ufite gahunda yo kunoza imiturire y' abatuye kigali, nyuma yo gushyira mubikorwa uyu mushinga wa mpazi Model Village ubari indi mishinga muri Kigali izasiga abanyakigali batuye neza kandi batekanye.

* Nyabisindu rehousing project mu karere ka Gasabo
* Nyagatovu rehousing project mu karere ka Gasabo 
* gatenga rehousing project mu karere ka Kicukiro

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Nyabisindu Rehousing Project

= Nyabisindu Model Village =
Umugi wa Kigali ukomeje kuvugurura imiturire y' abawutuye, mu karere ka Gasabo mu murenge wa Remera ahazwi nka Nyabisindu hatangiye kubakwa imidugudu y' icyitegererezo mu mushinga wa leta y' u Rwanda uzwi nka Kigali formal settlement mugice cyawo cya Nyabisindu Rehousing Project, aho biteganijwe ko abarenga 1600 bazatuzwa muri iyi midugudu. 

## Imiterere
Nyabisindu Model Village watangiye muri Mata 2025 biteganyijwe ko mu mwaka umwe uzaba wageze kumusozo, uzaba wubatse kuri hegitari zirenga 38, ugizwe n' imidugudu 4 ndetse nundi uzongerwaho nyuma, amashuri, isiko, ubusitani bugezweho n' imihanda yakijyambere.  

Ubuyobozi bw' umugi wa Kigali buvuga ko imishinga nkiyi izakomeza gukorwa ahantu hatandukanye mu mugi murwego rwo rwoguhangana n' ikibazo cy' imiturire kandi no kunoza itunganyirize y' umugi, byagarutsweho na meya w' umugi wa Kigali Samuel DUSENGIYUMVA mu gutangiza uyu mushinga. 

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Dr. Bernadette Arakwiye

Minisiteri y' Ibidukikije yabonye Minisitiri mushya kuga kuwa 24 nyakanga ubwo Nyakubahwa perezida wa repubulika y' u Rwanda Paul KAGAME ubwo yashyiragaho guverinoma nshya, Dr. Bernadette Arakwiye yasimbuye Dr. Uwamariya Valentine wayoboraga iyi minisiteri kugeza ubu. 

## Amateka
minisitiri w' ibidukikije Dr. bernadette Arakwiye ni umunyarwandakazi wize kurwego ruhanitse mu mashuri atandukanye yo mu Rwanda no mumahanga nko mu bwongereza na Amerika, kandi yanakoze imirimo inyuranye y' ubushakashatsi mu bigo mpuza mahanga bikora ibyerekeye ibidukikije n' ubumenyi bw' isi.

### Amashuri yize
Dr. bernadette Arakwiye yize muri kaminuza nkuru y' u Rwanda ahakura impamyabumenyi y' icyiciro cya kabiri cya kaminuza mu binyabuzima, yongeye kubona impamyabumenyi y' icyiciro cya gatatu cya kaminuza mu bidukikije muri kaminuza ya Antiock University New England kandi nanone yabonye impamyabushozi y' ikirenya mu bumenyi bw' isi ayikuye muri kaminuza ya Clark university muri Massachusetts, Amerika.  

### Imirimo yakoze
Dr. bernadette Arakwiye mbere yo kuba minisitiri w' ibidukikije muri Guverinoma y' u Rwanda yari umuyobozi mukuru wa World resources Institute (WRI) ayoboye porogaramu ya Land restoration kuri afrika, kandi yanabaye umuyobozi w' inama y' ubutegetsi yarishinzwe kwiga kuri porogaramu yo kubungabunga ubutaka muri Afrika, ariko mbere yaho yari umushakashatsi ari research associate mukigo cya conservation international muri amerika, ndetse yanabaye research assistant mukigo cya Dian fossey gorilla funds international mu Rwanda.

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Umubari

**Umubari** ni agace gaherereye mu ntara y'Uburasirazuba bw’u Rwanda, kari mu gice cy’icyanya cy’Akagera (parike y'Akagera). Amateka y’iki gice yerekana ko hari hasanzwe hatuwe n’igihugu cyigenga cyayoborwaga n’Umwami Biyoro n’umugabekazi Nyirabiyoro. U Rwanda rwaje kwigarurira agace k'Umubari ku ngoma y'umwami Kigeri III Ndabarasa, nyuma y’aho se Cyirima II Rujugira yari yohereje umuhungu we kuhigarurira. Nyuma y’icyo gikorwa, Umubari wagiye ucengera buhoro buhoro mu Rwanda, n’ubwo wakomeje kugira ubwigenge kugeza mu ntangiriro z’ikinyejana cya 20, nyuma y’Intambara ya Mbere y’Isi Yose.

## Amateka
Ku ngoma y'umwami Kigeli III Ndabarasa, Umubari wigaruriwe n’ingabo z’u Rwanda zari ziyobowe na Kamari ka Gahurira. Hari ibitekerezo bitandukanye bivuga ko Kigeli III Ndabarasa ashobora kuba yarigaruriye Umubari akiri igikomangoma, ibindi nabyo bikavuga ko ashobora kuba yarawigruriye amaze kuba umwami. Nyuma y’ifatwa ry’Umubari abaturage baho batangiye kwimuka, u Rwanda ruragenda rwibagirwa Umubari kugeza igihe cy’ubukoloni.

## Ibitekerezo nyemvugo bivugwa ku Mubari

### Ibimanuka
Mu myemerere y’Abanyarwanda, bivugwa ko Gihanga Ngomijana, wahanze u Rwanda, akomoka ku bimanuka byamanutse mu ijuru bigwa mu Mubari. Ibyo bimanuka ni Sabizeze (Kigwa), **,** Mututsi**,** na Nyampundu. Bitwa ibimanuka kuko bakomotse ku Mana y’ijuru (Nkuba). Bivugwa ko mu gihe ibimanuka byamanukaga aribyo byazanye amatungo, imbuto, n’imyuga ine yahoze ari ingenzi mu Rwanda ariyo ububaji, ubucuzi, ubukannyi, n'ubuhigi, bityo Umubari ukitwa inkomoko y’umuco n’ubwami bw’u Rwanda.

### Nyirabiyoro
Nyirabiyoro yari umugabekazi wo mu Mubari. Amateka ye akunze gushingirwaho mu buhanuzi n’amateka y’ingoma ya Kigeri III Ndabarasa. Nyirabiyoro yahunze ubwo ingabo za Ndabarasa zafataga Umubari, nyuma akaza gufatirwa aho yari yarahungiye i Karagwe agasubizwa i Rwanda aho yishwe n’Ingabo za Ndabarasa. Azwi cyane mu mateka y’ubuhanuzi yagiye ahanura ku Rwanda ibikunze kwitwa indagu za Nyirabiyoro.

### Nyirarucyaba
Nyirarucyaba yari umukobwa wa Gihanga. Yamenyekanye mu mateka y’imiryango migari y’ubwami bw’u Rwanda, by’umwihariko mu kwitirirwa inkomoko y’ubwoko bw'Abacyaba. Inkuru ye ivuga uburyo yishe mukase (Nyirampirangwe) akamumena inda yari atwite, maze agahunga akajya gutura mu Mubari, aho yabyaye abana maze batandukanwa ku nkomoko ya se maze bitirirwa nyina haba havutse ubwoko bw'Abacyaba.

## Inyandiko zifashishijwe
Ku Cyarudahigwa

**Ku Cyarudahigwa** ni ahahoze icyiraro cy’inka z’umwami Mutara III Rudahigwa, giherereye mu Murenge wa Nyagatare, Akarere ka Nyagatare, mu Ntara y’Uburasirazuba. Iki cyiraro cyahoze cyubatse ku musozi wa Nsheke, kuri ubu hakaba hubatse ibiro by’Akagari ka Nsheke, kandi ni ho ibi biro byubatse muri iki kibanza. Iki kiraro cyarashenywe mu gihe cya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994, ariko ibisigaratongo byacyo birimo ibikuta n’ibyuma byari bifashe igisenge biracyari aho cyari cyubatse.

## Inkomoko y’icyiraro
Nyuma yo kwima ingoma, Umwami Mutara III Rudahigwa yagaragaje ubushake bwo guteza imbere imibereho myiza y’Abanyarwanda, ariko imigambi ye yagiye ikomwa mu nkokora n’ubutegetsi bwa gikoloni bwariho icyo gihe. Kuva mu 1946, cyane cyane nyuma ya 1950, yatangiye gushyira mu bikorwa gahunda ziganisha ku iterambere ry'ubuhinzi n’ubworozi bwa kijyambere.

Mu rwego rwo kugabanya ubukana bw’ikibazo cy’ubutaka cyaterwaga n’ubwiyongere bw’abaturage, Umwami yashishikarije abaturage korora inka nkeya zitanga umukamo mwinshi, aho kuba nyinshi zidatanga umusaruro.

### Inyambo n’inzuri z’Umwami mu Mutara
Mu mwaka wa 1949, Umwami Rudahigwa yategetse ko inyambo zivanwa mu nzuri zitandukanye maze zikimurirwa mu gice cy’Umutara, kuko ari ho hari hasigaye inzuri nini. Izo nyambo zaturutse mu nzuri nka Inyangamutsindo, Ingaju, Urugaga, Ingirikirwa, Ingeri, n’izindi. Mu Mutara, zaragirwaga ahitwa Nsheke, Barija, Gasinga, ndetse na Kabare.

### Ibyihariye by’ikiraro cy'i Nsheke
Mu kiraro cy'i Nsheke, Umwami Rudahigwa yashyizeyo ibikoresho byose byifashishwa mu bworozi bwa kijyambere, harimo:

* Aho inka zirishiriza,
* Aho zinywera (ibibumbiro),
* Abashumba babizobereyemo bo kuzahira no kuzikenuza.

Abashumba bazwi bari barimo: Kabagema, Bigaba, na Ruhanamirindi. Amata y’inka z’umwami, kimwe n’ayo abandi borozi bajyaga kugurisha, yakusanyirizwaga ku ikaragiro rya Nyagatare rizwi nko Ku Ilitiro, aho yatunganywaga agacuruzwa ari inshyushyu**,** ikivuguto, cyangwa amavuta.

## Umushinga w’imiturire n’ubworozi bwa kijyambere
Rudahigwa yatangije imishinga igamije gutuza abaturage neza no kubafasha korora neza. Muri iyo gahunda:

* Yatangije umushinga wa mbere i Ntete hafi ya Kiramuruzi, aho abaturage bahawe amasambu angana, bubakirwa amazu ya kijyambere n’ikiraro.
* Umushinga nk’uwo wakomereje Rutare, hakurya y’umugezi w’Umuvumba.

Umwami ubwe yubatse ibiraro bye bwite:

* I Mututu: aho yashyize inka z’Ingeri.
* Mu 1956, yubatse ikiraro cyo Ku Cyarudahigwa ku musozi wa Nsheke, i Nyagatare, aho yororeye inka mu buryo bwa kijyambere.

## Inyandiko zifashishijwe
Parike ya Kakum

**Parike ya Kakum,** iherereye mu nkengero z’akarere ko hageti    Muri Gana,  ifite ubuso bwa  .Yashinzwe mu mwaka wa 1931 nk'ikigega, yashyizwe mu kinyamakuru nka parike y'igihugu  gusa mu 1992 nyuma y'ubushakashatsi bwa mbere kuri avifauna . Agace karimo amashyamba yo mu turere dushyuha . [    Ni hamwe mu hantu 3 gusa muri Afurika hamwe n'inzira nyabagerwa,  ifite   

## Amateka ya pariki ya kakum
Mu 1931, agace kavomwe n’amazi y’amazi y'umugenzi wa kakum yatangajwe ko ari amashyamba kandi acungwa n’ishami ry’amashyamba. Muri https://www.cometowestafrica.com/destinations/travel-news-and-events/kakum-national-park-ghana-2 gihe, ibikorwa byo gutema ibiti byari byiganje, cyane cyane mu bwoko bw’ibiti bya mahogany . Ibikorwa byo gutema ibiti byakomeje kugeza mu 1989 igihe ubuyobozi bw’ikigega bwimurirwa mu ishami ry’ibinyabuzima. 

Inyigo ishoboka na gahunda ibanza yimyaka 5 yo gucunga iterambere rya parike yigihugu ya Kakum nkahantu nyaburanga hashyizweho mu mwaka mu 1990 hashyizweho umushinga wakozwe na gahunda y’umuryango w’abibumbye ishinzwe iterambere (Dudley 1990). Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe bwarimo isuzuma ry’ibinyabuzima bitandukanye by’ibimera n’ibinyabuzima byo mu ishyamba rya Kakum hamwe n’ishyamba rya Assin-Attandanso, hamwe n’ubushakashatsi bw’abaturage ndetse n'inzovu (Dudley 1990; Dudley, Mensah-Ntiamoah, & Kpelle 1992; Dudley 1995). Gahunda yo Kwiga no Kubanziriza Imyaka 5 Yateguwe yateguwe muburyo bwo gufatanya no gutanga inama zirimo umujyanama w’ibinyabuzima, abashinzwe amashyamba, abashinzwe inyamanswa, abaturage baho, kaminuza zo muri Gana, abayobozi ba leta mu karere, n’abandi bafatanyabikorwa bakomeye (Dudley 1992).

## Amashakiro
Aburi Botanical Gardens

**[[Ubusitani]] bwa Aburi Botanical** nubusitani muri Abari mukarere k'iburasirazuba bwa Gana .

Uyu munsi, mu kinyejana cya 21, umuntu ntashobora kuvuga ibijyanye n'ubuhinzi bw'imboga muri Gana no muri Afurika y'Iburengerazuba atavuze ku busitani bwa Aburi Botanical. Ubusitani bufite ubuso bwa hegitari 64.8. Yafunguwe muri  kandi yashinzwe na guverineri William Brandford Griffith na Dr. John Farrell Easmon, umuganga w'ubuvuzi wa siyera Lewone Mbere yuko ubusitani bushingwa, niho hari sanatori yubatswe mu 1875 ku bayobozi ba leta ya Gold Coast. Ku butegetsi bwa William Branford Griffith, umumisiyoneri wa basel na Moroviya wo muri Jamayika, Alexandre Worth clerk bagenzuye isaranganya ry’ubutaka bukikije sanatori kugira ngo batangire ishami ry’ibimera.  Mu 1890, William Crowther, umunyeshuri wo muri Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, yagizwe umuyobozi wa mbere w’ubusitani. Ubusitani bwagize uruhare runini mu gushishikariza umusaruro wa kakao muri Gana yepfo, utanga ingemwe za kakao zihenze namakuru ajyanye  guhinga siyanse.  *Hevea brasiliensis* imaze koherezwa i Aburi kuva Kew mu 1893, ubusitani nabwo bwashishikarizaga umusaruro wa rubber muri Gana .

## Ubwoko bw'ibiti buboneka mu Busikani bwa Botanical

umuntu ashobora gusangamo ubwoko bw'inshi bw'ibitu nka pamba y'ubudodo (ceiba pentandra) mahogany Imyerezi, igiti cya silver, n'ibindi byinshi, urebye uko imitetere y'imisozi ifite amoko atandukanye y'ibiti byo muturere dushyuha hamwe n'ubusitani bw'ibimera mumujyi ,cyane cyane ubusitani buzwi ku izina Aburi Botanical Gardens, wabaye indiri yaba mukerarugendo 'abanyamahanga ndetse n'abenegihugu

## Amashakiro
Kumasi

**Kumasi** n'umurwa mukuru w'Inteko ya kumasi Metropolitan  n'akarere ka Ashanti muri Gana .   : 1, 3 Numujyi wa kabiri munini mu gihugu,   ifite abaturage 443.981 guhera mu ibarura rya 2021. umusozi wa Kumasi uherereye mu karere k’ishyamba ryimvura  hafi yikiyaga cya Bosomtwe  : 2 kandi iherereye nko mu  kuva i Accra .  Umujyi uhura N'ikirere gishyuha cya savanna, hamwe n'ibihe bibiri by'imvura bigenda bitandukana bito. Amoko menshi atuye Kumasi ni Asante Mole dagbon na Ewe.  

Kumasi ni ihuriro ry’ubucuruzi, ubukungu, n’ubucuruzi muri Gana, rikaba rifite isoko rinini muri Afurika y’iburengerazuba : Isoko rya Kejetia . Umujyi niwo muco w’umuco wa Asante, bityo nanone bakitwa "Osei-Krom" cyangwa "Oseikrom" gusa, hamwe no gukurura abashyitsi benshi.  : 9 Uyu mujyi kandi urimo amashyirahamwe menshi yubucuruzi, nk’ishyirahamwe ry’abatunganya ibicuruzwa bya Aboabo Talia. Kimwe cya kabiri cyo gutunganya ibiti mu gihugu kibera mu mujyi. Ikigo cy’umuco w’igihugu, Ishuri ry’Uburezi rya Wesley, n’ibitaro byigisha Komfo Anokye byose biherereye mu mujyi.  10 Umujyi kandi urimo uruganda rwamafirime rugenda rwiyongera, Kumawood, rwibanda cyane cyane ku kuvuga inkuru zishingiye ku nsanganyamatsiko mu rurimi rwaho rwa Twi .

## Umuco
Umusozi wa Kumasi ni ihuriro ry'umuco wa Asante, uyifasha kwitwa "Osei-Krom" cyangwa gusa "Oseikrom". Kumasi azwiho kandi Imyenda  gakondo,Kente , mubisanzwe bikozwe hakoreshejwe imigenzo gakondo. Niho hari isoko rinini muri Afurika y'Iburengerazuba,Isoko rya kejetia, rikaba rifite amaduka arenga 10,000.  imico n’umuco muri uyu mujyi harimo Fort Kumasi  (yubatswe mu 1896 kugirango isimbure igihome cya Asante ubu ni inzu ndangamurage) hamwe n’inzu Ndangamurage ya nurom  . Ibyiza bya Royal Asante birimo Ikigo cy'umuco w'igihugu ,Okomfo Anokye sword, Ingoro ya Asantehene (yubatswe mu 1972), n’ingoro ya Manhyia, guhera mu 1925, ubu ni inzu ndangamurage.  

## Amashakiro
Kimihurura

01°56′16.8″S 30°04′48″E﻿ / ﻿1.938000°S 30.08000°E﻿ / -1.938000; 30.08000**Kimihurura** ni umwe mu mirenge 15 igize akarere ka Gasabo mu murwa mukuru w'u Rwanda , Kigali .

## Ubumenyi bw'isi
Kimihurura ifite ubuso bwa 5,1 km 2 kandi ifite ubutumburuke bwa metero 1.480.   Umurenge ugabanijwemo serire eshatu: Kamukina, Kimihurura na Rugando .  Imirenge bihana imbibi ni Kacyiru  mu majyaruguru, Remera mu burasirazuba, Kicukiro mu majyepfo y'iburasirazuba, Gikondo mu majyepfo y'uburengerazuba na Muhima mu burengerazuba. 

## Imibare y'abaturage
Ibarura ryakozwe mu 2022, abaturage bari 16.425. Imyaka icumi mbere yaho, yari 21.672, ibyo bikaba bihura no kugabanuka kw'abaturage buri mwaka 2.7% hagati ya 2012 na  2022.  l

## Ahantu Nyaburanga
Muri uwo murenge,inyubako ya  Centre ya Kigali (Kigali convention centre) iherereye mu kagari ka Rugando.  Convenconi Center  yafunguwe muri Nyakanga 2016, yatangiwe kubakwa mu mwaka wa 2009 bitwara hafi miliyoni 300. Urwibutso rwo kurwanya ruswa, igishusho gifite ishusho y’ikiganza cy’umuntu cyakozwe n’umuhanzi wo muri Iraki , Ahmed Al-Bahrani, ni bimwe mu bimenyetso byubatse muri parikingi imbere y'iyo nyubako kuva mu Kuboza 2019.

Mu ruhande rugana uburengerazuba bw 'iyo nyubako kandi uruhurirane rw'amaduka y'ubucuruzi no muri metero nkeya muri Kamukina hari inyubako y'ibiro by'Umutwe w'Abadepite  hamwe n'Ingoro Ndangamurage y'Amateka y'Urugamba rwo guhagarika Genocide 

Uyu murenge kandi urimo minisiteri nyinshi z'u Rwanda, zirimo Minisiteri y'Ingabo, Minisiteri y'Ububanyi n'Amahanga n'Ubutwererane mpuzamahanga, Minisiteri y'Ibikorwa Remezo na Minisiteri y'Ubutabera.

## Reba
Imisezero y’Abami b' u Rwanda

Imisezero ni ahantu hatabarizwaga (hashyingurwaga) abami n' Abagabekazi b' u Rwanda, mu Rwanda Abami n' abagabekazi bagiye batabarizwa ahantu hatandukanye mu gihugu ariko habayeho imisezero rusange, urugero n' umusezero w' Abami w' i rutare ho mu murenge wa rutare mu karere ka Gicumbi kuri ubu. Aha i Rutare hatabarijwe Abami 11 n' Abagabekazi 2, kugeza ubu imisezero (Imva) zikigaragara ni 2 iy' umwami Kigeli IV Rwabugiri yatwaye u rwanda kuva muri 1853 _ 1895 nuwa Nyirayuhi V kanjogera, ahandi ntabimenyetso bigaragara ko hari imisezero kuko n' abaturage bahakoresha mumirimo yabo isanzwe yaburi munsi. 

## Abami n' Abagabekazi batarijwe i Rutare

### [[ABAMI BATEGETSE U RWANDA|Abami]]

* Kigeli IV Rwabugiri yatwaye kuva 1853 _ 1895
* kigeli I Mukobanya yatwaye ahasaga 1378 _ 1411
* Ndahiro II Cyamatare yatwaye ahayinga 1477 _ 1510
* Ruganzu II Ndoli yatwaye ahayinga 1510 _ 1543
* Mutara I Nsoro II Semugeshi yatwaye ahayinga 1543 _ 1576
* Kigeli II Nyamuheshera yatwaye ahayinga 1576 _ 1609
* Mibambwe II Sekarongoro II Gisanura yatwaye ahayinga 1609 _ 1642
* Cyilima II Rujugira yatwaye ahayinga 1675 _ 1708
* Mibambwe III Mutabazi II Sentabyo yatwaye ahayinga 1741 _ 1746 
* Yuhi IV Gahindiro yatwaye ahayinga 1746 _ 1802
* Mutara II Rwogera yatwaye ahayinga 1830 _ 1853

### Abagabekazi

* Nyiramibambwe III Nyiratamba
* Nyirayuhi V Kanjogera

## Abami batabarijwe ahandi

* Gihamba I Ngomijana yatwaye ahasaga 1091 _ 1124 yatabarijwe i Muganza ya Kayenzi muri Kamonyi
* Ruganzu I Bwimba yatwaye ahasaga 1312 _ 1345 yatabarijwe i Nkungu na Munyaga ubu ni muri Rwamagana
* Cyilima I Rugwe yatwaye ahasaga 1345 _ 1378 yatabarijwe i Butangampundu (Mugambazi) ubu ni i Rulindo
* Yuhi II Gahima II yatwaye ahasaga 1444 _ 1477 yatabarijwe i kayenzi ya Muganda ho mu Busigi (Tumba_Byumba) ubu ni i Rulindo
* Mibambwe I Sekarongoro I Mutabazi I tatwaye ahasaga 1411 _ 1444 yatabarijwe i Remera y' abaforongo muri Rulindo
* Yuhi III Mazimpaka yatwaye ahasaga 1642 _ 1575 yatabarijwe mu kibuza cya Nkingo Ku ijuru rya Kamonyi (Yiyahuye mu manga y' urutare)
* Kigeli III Ndabarasa yatwaye ahasaga 1708 _ 1741 yatabarijwe i Kayenzi muri Kamonyi
* Mutara III Rudahigwa yatwaye kuva 1931 _ 1959 yatabarijwe i Mwima ya Busasamana muri Nyanza
* Kigeli V Ndahindurwa yatwaye kuva 1959 _ 1961 yatanze kuwa 15 mutarama 2017, yatabarijwe i Mwima ya Busasamana muri Nyanza

## Abagabekazi batabarijwe ahandi

* Nyirakigeli I Nyankuge yatabarijwe ku Kabiza, i Shyorongi , Rilindo
* Nyirayuhi II Matama yatabarijwe i Remera y' Abaforongo, Rulindo
* Nyirakigeli III Rwesero yatabarijwe ku Kabira, Shyorongi, Rulindo

## Vuga

__FORCETOC__
__INDEX__
__NEWSECTIONLINK__
Ibigabiro bya Rwamagana

**Ibigabiro bya Rwabugiri** ni ahantu ndangamateka hahoze urugo rw’Umwami Kigeri IV Rwabugiri, kuri ubu ni mu Mudugudu wa Bigabiro, Akagari ka Cyanya, Umurenge wa Kigabiro, mu Karere ka Rwamagana, Intara y’Uburasirazuba. Ibyo bigabiro biri ahazwi n’ubu nko mu Bigabiro.

## Inkomoko y’izina “Ibigabiro”
Mu muco nyarwanda, aho umwami yabaga atuye (urugo rw’umwami) hakundaga guterwa ibiti nk’imivumu n’ibihondohondo, bikaba ikimenyetso cy’uko hahoze urugo rw'umwami. Iyo umwami yatabarizwaga ahantu, aho hantu hitwaga umusezero, naho hagaterwa ibiti byitwaga ibigabiro. Icyo gikorwa cyari igice cy’umuco wo guha icyubahiro aho hantu no kukibungabunga.

## Urugo rwa Rwabugiri i Rwamagana
Umwami Kigeri IV Rwabugiri yagize urugo mu Buganza, mu gace ka Rwamagana, ahahoze ari mu Gisaka mbere y’uko hashyirwa ku Rwanda mu kinyejana cya 18. Aho urugo rwe rwari rwubatse niho haturuka izina mu Bigabiro.

Urugo rwa Rwabugiri rwari rufite ibigabiro byinshi kandi binini, ariko byaje gutemwa nyuma y’Intambara ya Mbere y’Isi Yose, ubwo abapadiri bubakaga Misiyoni ya Rwamagana. Icyo gihe, Rwabutogo rwa Kabare ka Rwakagara, wari umutware wategekaga u Buganza bw’epfo, ni we wafashije abapadiri kubona imbaho,aho yasabye uburenganzira Umwami Mutara III Rudahigwa ngo atemeshe ibigabiro bya Rwabugiri.

## Inyandiko zifashijwe
Parike y'igihugu ya Mole

**Parike ya Mole,** imwe muri parike nini mu gihugu cya cya Gana, ni ubuhungiro bw'ibinyabuzima bunini muri iki gihugu. Parike iherereye muri  muri Gana kuri Savanna n'ibinyabuzima byo kunkombe ku butumburuke  hamwe na escarpment. Parike ni 24km uvuye i Damongo, umurwa mukuru w'akarere, 146 km mu majyepfo y'iburasirazuba bwa Tamale, umurwa mukuru w'akarere. Parike ni 700km uvuye i Accra na 430km Kumasi . Ubwinjiriro bwa parike bugera mu mujyi wa Larabanga .  Inzuzi za Levi na Mole  zinyura muri parike, hasigara ibyobo byokunywa gusa mugihe cyizuba kirekire. ka Gana kakira abarenga 10&nbsp;mm ku mwaka y'imvura. Ubushakashatsi bumaze igihe kirekire bwakorewe kuri parike ya Mole kugirango bumve ingaruka abahiga abantu ku nyamaswa zibungabunga. 

Pariki ya Mole ni pariki y'ubukerarugendo bwateye imbere muri Gana mu bijyanye n'ubukerarugendo. ifite amacumbi ya mbere muri Afurika y’iburengerazuba yubatswe hagati mu ishyamba rya Mole. Zaina premier ecolodge yigihugu itanga serivise zo kwakira abashyitsi ku isi no gukoraho bidasanzwe. 

## Amateka
Ubutaka bwa parike bwashyizwe ku ruhande nkubuhungiro bw’inyamanswa mu 1958. Mu 1971, abaturage bake bo muri ako gace barimuwe maze amasambu agenerwa parike y’igihugu. Parike ntabwo yabonye iterambere rikomeye nkahantu nyaburanga kuva yagenwe mbere. Parike y'igihugu ya Mole nk'akarere karinzwe nta nkunga ihagije kandi impungenge z’igihugu ndetse n’amahanga zirahari ku bijyanye no guhiga no kuramba muri parike, ariko kurinda amoko y’ibinyabuzima bya antelope byateye imbere kuva iyi pariki  yatangira gushingwa.  

Kuva aho abantu bimukiye muri ako gace, parike yabaye ahantu h’ubushakashatsi bw’abahanga. Ibi byemereye ubushakashatsi bwigihe kirekire, byumwihariko, ahantu hasa nkaho hatabangamiwe ugereranije n’ibice bisa na Afurika y’iburengerazuba ituwe cyane. Ubushakashatsi bumwe ku baturage batuye inzovu 800, urugero, bwerekana ko kwangiza inzovu ku biti binini bitandukana nubwoko. Muri Mole, inzovu zifite imyumvire myinshi yo gukomeretsa bikabije amoko y’ubukungu nka Burkea africana   

Vuba aha, ubuki bukozwe mu ndabyo mu pariki y’igihugu ya Molé bwabaye ibicuruzwa bya mbere mu bucuruzi.  Hafi aho, abaturage basarura ubuki bakoresheje uburyo gakondo, budatera, kandi bafatanya n’isosiyete ikorera muri Utah kugurisha ubuki nk’inyongera y’ubuzima bwiza muri Amerika.  Iyi gahunda yashinzwe n’umuyobozi wa Ashanti, Nana Kwasi Agyemang, wizera ko azongera gukongeza inyungu z’ubuki kandi amaherezo akazohereza mu bindi bihugu byo muri Afurika. 

## A'''mashakiro'''
Isumo rya Wli

**Isumo rya Wli** ni isumo riherereye muri Gana kandi rirerire muri Afurika y'uburengerazuba. .

## Aho biherereye
**Isumo rya Wli** rifite ubuso bwa 20km uvuye Hohoe mu karere ka Volta muri Gana. 

## Ibidukikije

### Inyamaswa zo mu gasozi
Gutembera mu ishyamba ry’inyamanswa ya Agumatsa bitanga amahirwe yo kubona ibidukikije harimo unyamashwa ndetse n'ibindi binyabuzima harimo  koloni nini y’ibibabi by'imbuto, ikinyugunyugu, inyoni, inkende n’abana. Ikoroni nini y'ibibabi irashobora kugaragara yiziritse ku bitare kandi iguruka mu kirere. 

## Amateka
Isumo rya Wli n’amazi maremare muri Afurika y’iburengerazuba aherereye muri Gana  Isumo rizwi ku izina rya Agoomatsa - bisobanura ngo " *Munyemerere.* " Iherereye muri komine ya Hohoe yo mu karere ka Volta, igihugu cy’umuco wa Ewe . Nibirometero 280 uvuye mumurwa mukuru Accra . Byabonetse nitsinda ryabahigi bakeka ko amajwi yaguye ari ingoma ivuga kandi yiruka yerekeza ku rusaku basanga ari isumo.
Dosiye:Wli_tourists.jpg|alt=picture of the wli waterfallsThe falls attracts tourists from all over the world| Kugwa bikurura ba mukerarugendo baturutse impande zose z'isi

Dosiye:Bats_at_Wli_Waterfall_2.JPG|alt=The Agumatsa wildlife sanctuary offers a chance to see a large colony of wild fruit bats| Ahantu h’inyamanswa ya Agumatsa haratanga amahirwe yo kubona koloni nini yimbuto zo mu gasozi

Dosiye:Wli_Lower_Fall-4.jpg|alt=Lower waterfall| Isumo ryo hepfo
Dosiye:Wli_Upper_Fall-2.jpg|alt=Upper waterfall| Isumo ryo hejuru


## Amashakiro
Ikiyaga cya Chilwa

**Ikiyaga cya Chilwa** nicyo kiyaga cya kabiri kinini muri Malawi . Ni ikiyaga giherereye mu burasirazuba bw'akarere ka Zomba, hafi y'umupaka na Mozambike . Hafi ya 60km z'uburebure na 40km z'ubugari, ikiyaga kizengurutswe n'ibishanga binini. Hano hari ikirwa hagati yikiyaga cyitwa Chisi Island . Ikiyaga , kandi urwego rw'amazi rwibasiwe cyane n'imvura yibihe hamwe no guhumeka. Mu 1968, ikiyaga cyazimiye mu gihe cyizuba kidasanzwe. Igihe David Livingstone yasuraga ikiyaga mu 1859,  yatangaje ko umupaka wacyo w’amajyepfo wageze kuri Massif ya Mulanje, ikaba yari gutuma ikiyaga byibura  igihe kirekire kuruta uko bimeze muri iki gihe.

Ikigo mpuzamahanga gishinzwe iterambere muri Danemark, ku bufatanye na Guverinoma ya Malawi cyakoraga mu rwego rwo kubungabunga ikiyaga n’ibishanga byacyo. ikigo kandi kikaba gifite munshingano gahunda yo kurwanya imihindagurikire y’ikirere mu kiyaga cya Chilwa (LCBCCAP) yatangijwe mu rwego rwo kubungabunga agace gakomeye, kikaba atari igishanga gikomeye cy’ibinyabuzima byaho gusa, ahubwo kikaba n’isoko rikuru ry’ibicuruzwa by’amafi muri ako karere. 

## Inyamaswa zo mu gasozi
Ubwoko bw'amafi bukunze kugaragara mu kiyaga cya Chilwa ni *Barbus paludinosus*, *Oreochromis shiranus chilwae*, *Clarias gariepinus*, *Brycinus imberi* na *Gnathonemus* . Ikiyaga kikaba gikunda kugaragaramo inyoni zo mu mazi zigera kuri  zifite amoko agera kuri 160 atandukanye. Bamwe muribo bimukira muri Aziya - East African Flyway kuva muri Siberiya buri mwaka. Hamwe n'ubwoko cumi na bubiri bw'inyoni, umubare urenga 1% y'inyoni zosse ziraguruka . Umubare w'abantu ukikije ni mwinshi kandi uragenda wiyongera, kandi inyoni zo mu mazi zirahigwa ibiryo igihe amazi ari make kandi uburobyi bukaba ikibazo. Harimo gushyirwaho ingufu kugirango guhiga bikorwa muburyo burambye. 

## Ubukungu
Imidugudu igera kuri 335 ituwe n’abaturage barenga 60.000  yishora mu kuroba ikiyaga, kandi ikurura toni zirenga 17.000 buri mwaka, 20% by’amafi yose yafatiwe muri Malawi. 

## Amashakiro
Pariki ya Vwaza Marsh

**Vwaza Marsh Wildlife Reserve** ni ikibuga cy'imikino cyo muri  muri Malawi .

Bitandukanye na parike y'igihugu ya Nyika iri mu kibaya cya Nyika, igice kinini cya Vwaza giherereye ku butaka buringaniye nubwo uruhande rw'iburasirazuba rwa parike rufite imisozi. Iherereye mu majyepfo y’iburasirazuba bw’ibibaya no mu majyaruguru y’imigezi y’uruzi rwa Rukuru y'Amajyepfo kandi ifite ubuso bwa 1.000km 2 .

Iyi pariki irangwa n’ishyamba rya Mopane na Miombo hamwe n’ibishanga bikurura inyoni cyane zitari nke ku gasozi. 

Ikibanza cy’inyamanswa cya Vwaza Marsh ntigikunze gusurwa na benshi, ahanini bitewe n’imiterere mibi y’imihanda hamwe n’ubutaka bugoye kandi butagerwaho.

## Icyo wamenya kuri Pariki ya Vwaza Marsh
Itandukaniro ry'umubare winyamanswa n'ubwoko bushobora gutandukana mugihe uko bambuka umupaka na parike y'igihugu ya Luangwa y'Amajyaruguru muri Zambiya . Ubusanzwe ikigega gifite amashyo manini y'inyamanswa ninzovu , hamwe nubwoko butandukanye bwa antelope harimo roan, kudu nini, hartebeest ya Lichtenstein, eland na impala .  Warthogs iboneka no muri iki kigega kimwe na podiyumu nyinshi ya hippopotamus mu kiyaga cya Kazuni . Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe mu bushakashatsi kamera bwerekanye kandi ko intare zihari, ariko bishoboka ko  gito, kimwe n'ingwe n'imbwa zo mu gasozi. 

Mose inzovu y'imfubyi ni nzovu ikuze muri iyi pariki ubu iri mu kigo cy'imfubyi cya Jumbo Foundation muri Lilongwe Malawi, yarokowe n'abashinzwe umutekano ku gishanga cya Vwaza mu ruzi rwa Rukuru y'Amajyepfo. https://web.archive.org/web/20190122173511/http://www.jumbofoundation.com/

Inyoni zizwi cyane zirimo Goliath herons, ingurube zifunguye hamwe ni nyenyeri zidasanzwe zera. Ikiyaga cya Kazuni giherereye mu gace gashyigikira ubwoko bwayo bwa ba hippo.

Iyi arike  ifite ubwoko butandukanye bw’ibimera kandi hari amoko 398 y’ibimera biva mu miryango 71. 

## Amashakiro
Kinyeti

**Umusozi wa Kinyeti** n'impinga ndende muri Sudani y'Amajyepfo . Iherereye mu misozi ya Imatong mu Ntara ya Ikotos yo mu Burasirazuba bwa Ekwatoriya, hafi y'umupaka wa Uganda . Kinyeti ifite uburebure bwa metero 3187(10,456ft)  hejuru y'inyanja. Itsinda  irimo Kinyeti, igera k'umupaka na Uganda, rimwe na rimwe yitwa imisozi ya Lomariti cyangwa Lolobai. 

Ibice byo hepfo y'umusozi byari bitwikiriwe n'ishyamba ryiza.  Aya ni amashyamba yo mu majyaruguru cyane ya ecoregion ya montane yo muri Afrika y'uburasirazuba.  Iyi mpinga ni urutare, rufite ibyatsi bya montane kandi biranyanyagiye, subshrub yo hasi hamwe n’ibimera mu mwobo.  Umwe mu Banyaburayi ba mbere basuye umusozi ni umuhanga mu bimera witwa Thomas Ford Chipp, wavumbuye *chippii ya Coreopsis* hafi y’isonga. 

## Amashakiro
Abidjan

**Abidjan** n'umujyi munini nuwahoze ari umurwa mukuru wa Coryte d'Ivoire . Nk’uko ibarura ryakozwe mu 2021, Abidjan yari miliyoni 6.3,  na 21.5 ku ijana by'abatuye igihugu , Abidjan umujyi wa gatandatu utuwe cyane muri Afurika, nyuma ya Logos,Cairo,Kinshasa,Dar es Salaam na Johannesburg  Ihuriro ry’umuco muri Afurika y’iburengerazuba, Abidjan irangwa n’urwego rwo hejuru rw’inganda n’imijyi. Numujyi utuwe cyane n'igifaransa muri Afrika yuburengerazuba.

Umujyi wagutse vuba nyuma yo kubaka ikibuga gishya mu 1931, gikurikirwa no kuba umurwa mukuru w’abakoloni b’icyo gihe cy’Abafaransa mu 1933. Kuzuza umuyoboro wa Vridi mu 1951 byatumye Abidjan aba icyambu gikomeye cy'imyanja . Abidjan yakomeje kuba umurwa mukuru wa Coryte d'Ivoire nyuma yo kwigenga mu Bufaransa mu 1960. Mu 1983, umujyi wa Yamoussoukro wagizwe umurwa mukuru wa politiki wemewe wa Coryte d'Ivoire. Icyakora, Abidjan yagizwe ku mugaragaro ko ari umurwa mukuru w’ubukungu w’igihugu, kubera ko ariwo mujyi munini mu gihugu ndetse n’ikigo cy’ibikorwa by’ubukungu. Inzego nyinshi za politiki na ambasade zose z’amahanga zikomeje kuba muri Abidjan.

## Amateka
Abidjan yari asanzwe ari umudugudu. Mu 1896, nyuma y’uruhererekane rw'ibyorezo byica, abakoloni b’Abafaransa bari babanje gutura muri  Grand-Bassam bahisemo kw'imukira ahantu hizewe maze mu 1898 bahitamo aho Abidjan iherereye.  Mu 1903 yahindutse umujyi kumugaragaro.  ​​

Abidjan, iherereye ku nkombe ya *lagoon n'doupé*, yatanze ubutaka bw'inshi n'amahirwe menshi yo kwagura ubucuruzi. Ikibuga kiri muri Petit Bassam mu majyepfo y’umujyi cyahise kirenga ikibuga cya  Grand-Bassam gifite akamaro, maze gihinduka ingingo nyamukuru y’ubukungu bw'injira muri koloni. Mu 1904, gari ya moshi yari iherereye mu gace ka Port-Bouët ka Abidjan.  Guhera mu 1904, igihe Bingerville yari itaruzura, Abidjan yabaye ihuriro rigari ryiubukungu bw'ubukoroni ry’abakoloni ba Coryte d'Ivoire n’umuyoboro wambere wo gukwirakwiza ibicuruzwa mu gihugu cy’Uburayi, cyane cyane binyuze mu muryango wa Libani, wariyongereye mu kamaro.

## Nyuma y'ubwigenge
Igihe Coryte d'Ivoire yigenga mu 1960, Abidjan yabaye ikigo gishya cy’ubuyobozi ndetse n’ubukungu. igice giherereye mu mu majyepfo ya Treichville, cyerekeza ku kibuga cy'indege mpuzamahanga ndetse no ku nkombe z'inyanja, habaye  umutima w'Abanyaburayi n'abaciriritse bo hagati. Umujyi wiyongereyeho umubare munini w’abaturage mu myaka ibarirwa muri za  ubwigenge, uva ku baturage 180.000 mu 1960 ugera ku 1.269.000 mu 1978. 

Kubaka kuri Katedrali yitiriwe Mutagatifu Pawulo , byakozwe n’umwubatsi w’umutaliyani Aldo Spirito, byatangiranye n’itangiriro mu 1980 na Papa Yohani Pawulo wa II birangira mu 1985. Kuva mu mwaka ya za 1980, umutungo wa Abidjan wagabanutse bitewe n’uburangare bw’abayobozi kimwe na ruswa ndetse no gutesha agaciro muri rusange. Muwa 1983, umudugudu wa Yamoussoukro wabaye umurwa mukuru wa politiki mushya wa Coryte d'Ivoire iyobowe na Perezida Félix Houphouët-Boigny, wavukiye Yamoussoukro.

## Amashakiro
Munyaga

**Munyaga** ni umusozi w’amateka uherereye mu Karere ka Rwamagana, mu Ntara y’Uburasirazuba y’u Rwanda. Uyu musozi uherereye ku nkengero z’aho u Rwanda rwagabaniraga na Gisaka mbere y’uko igihugu cya Gisaka cyigarurirwa n’u Rwanda mu kinyejana cya 19, ku ngoma y’umwami Mutara II Rwogera. Munyaga ni umwe mu misozi ifite amateka akomeye mu bijyanye n’umutekano n’ubusugire bw’u Rwanda, kuko ari ho hatangiriye igitekerezo cyo gugshinga *urugerero rw’ingabo z’igihugu*.

## Inkomoko y’urugerero rwa Munyaga
**Urugerero** ni igikorwa cyakorwaga n'ingabo aho zabaga ziri ku nkiko (imbibi cyangwa imipaka) z’u Rwanda mu rwego rwo kururinda ibikorwa byo kuba rwavogerwa n’ibihugu by'amahanga. Ibyo bikorwa byatangiye ku ngoma y'umwami Cyirima II Rujugira, ubwo u Rwanda rwiteguraga guhura n’ibitero byashoboraga guturuka mu bihugu by’abaturanyi birimo nka Gisaka, Ndorwa, Bugesera, n’u Burundi, aho ibyo bihugu byashakaga kwigarurira u Rwanda.

Rujugira yafashe icyemezo cyo kohereza imitwe y’ingabo ngo ijye ihora ku nkiko z’igihugu aho ibitero cyangwa abaje gutera igihugu bashoboraga kwinjirira, aherako avuga ijambo rikwira hose maze rirushaho kwamamara kugeza magingo aya, aho yavuze ati:"U Rwanda ruratera ntiruterwa."

## Abakemba n’itangira ry’urugerero i Munyaga
Ku ikubitiro, Rujugira yohereje umutwe w’ingabo w’Abakemba, bari bayobowe n’umuhungu we Sharangabo, ngo bajye kurinda umupaka w’u Rwanda na Gisaka. Izo ngabo zashinze ibirindiro mu mpinga y’umusozi wa Munyaga, ahari hateganye na Gisaka. Aho ni ho urugerero rwatangiriye, maze abari bagize uwo mutwe bahatura burundu hamwe n’imiryango yabo.

Nyuma ya Sharangabo, Ndabarasa, na we wari igikomangoma, yakomerejeho kuri urwo rugerero, aho yari kumwe n’Abakemba. Abakomotse kuri abo basirikare b’Abakemba baracyatuye i Munyaga, nubwo uwo mutwe w’ingabo utacyiriho kuko wasenywe n’ubukoloni bw’Ababiligi, kimwe n’indi mitwe y’ingabo y’icyo gihe.

## Munyaga mu gihe cya none
Aho urugerero rwahoze, hitwa mu Nkamba, uhereye ku ngoma ya Rujugira kugeza ubu. Ni mu Mudugudu wa Kigabiro, Akagari ka Kaduha, Umurenge wa Munyaga, mu Karere ka Rwamagana. Mu gace k’**itaba** ryari ricumbikiye ingabo, kuri ubu habarirwa ubutaka buri hagati ya hegitari 10 na 15, hakaba harimo ibikorwa bitandukanye aribyo:

* Umunara muremure ukoreshwa mu itumanaho
* Isoko ry’abaturage
* Ikigega kinini cy’amazi gikoreshwa mu gusakaza amazi ku batuye Munyaga n’utundi duce two mu nkengero zaho.

Umusozi wa Munyaga uherereye ahatuma uwuhagazeho abasha kwitegereza Kabarondo, ndetse n’imisozi itandukanye ikikije agace ka Munyaga, irimo: Nkamba, Ruramira, Bugambira, Ruyonza, na Nyamirama.

## Agaciro k’amateka y’i Munyaga
Umusozi wa Munyaga ni umwe mu hantu harindirwaga ubusugire bw’igihugu mu bihe cy'ingoma y'abami. Ni ishingiro ry’ihuriro ry’amateka y’ubutwari bw’ingabo, umuco wo kurinda igihugu, ndetse no kwibukiraho uko urugerero rwatangiye. Nubwo ubuyobozi bw’abakoloni bwaje gusenya iyo mitwe y’ingabo, urwibutso rw’ibyabaye i Munyaga ruracyariho binyuze mu mateka n’imiryango y’abakemba bacyihatuye.

## Inyandiko zifashishijwe
Umugezi wa Ada Foah

**Ada Foah** ni umujyi uri ku nkombe y’amajyepfo y’iburasirazuba bwa Gana, aho uruzi rwa Volta ruhurira n'inyanja ya Atalantika. Umujyi uherereye hafi yumugezi wa Volta, hafi yumuhanda wa Accra - Aflao . Azwiho kuba ku nkombe z'ibirwa, Ada Foah ni n'umurwa mukuru w'akarere ka Ada y'Iburasirazuba (ahahoze hitwa Dangme y'Iburasirazuba ) n'icyicaro cy'Inteko y'Akarere. 

## Amateka
Ubukoloni bw’Abaholandi muri Ada mu kinyejana cya 16 bwabonye iterambere ry’ubucuruzi mu 1775. Izina "Foah" ryakomotse ku ijambo Fort,  nko mu 1783, Fork Kongenstein  yubatswe n’Abaholandi kandi ikoreshwa mu bucuruzi bw'abacakara ba Transatlantike  n’ubucuruzi bw’abacakara bo munsi y’ubutayu bwa Sahara. Igihome cyaguzwe n'abongereza ku ya 15 Werurwe 1850.  

Gusa ibimenyetso bya Fort Kongenstein tubisanga muri Ada,mukarere ka Greater Accra. Icyambu cya Ada giherereye ku nkombe z'umugezi wa Volta. aho abantu babaga bagurishirizazwe bakoherezwa muri Amerika banyuze muri iki gihome nk'abacakara. Igihome cyazimye hafi yinyanja kandi kirasenyuka, buhoro buhoro cyoza inyubako yahoze ari gereza mu nyanja.  izamuka ry’amazi rikomeje kubangamira inkombe n’abaturage baho, kubaka urukuta rwo kurinda inyanja birizera ko bizahagarika iri terambere.  

Ubutegetsi bw'abakoroni bw'abongereza bwashyizweho mu mpera z'ikinyejana cya 19. Gucuruza n'Abanyaburayi mu bucuruzi bw'abacakara barengana, Ada yabaye isoko rikomeye ry'ubucuruzi bw'abacakara mu byoherezwa mu mahanga. Ubucuruzi bwabacakara bumaze kuvaho, Dangmes yacuruzaga ibicuruzwa byamashyamba yo muri Afrika yo mu turere dushyuha (cyane cyane amavuta yintoki, intoki za palm na rubber ). &#x5B; ** &#x5D;

## Ubukerarugendo bw'Ada Foah
Ada Foah ni ikigo cy’ubukerarugendo mu Karere ka Ada iburasirazuba hamwe n’inyanja zacyo,Inkombe n’ibikurura mukerarugendo na serivisi. Numugezi n'inyanja, Ada Foah azwiho siporo yo mazi nko koga, ubwato, kuroba hamwe n'ubwato. Inkombe z'umugezi ahanini zifunzwe na chalets z'ibiruhuko kuko abantu benshi baturutse i Accra bakoresha aho hantu nka weekend. Hariho icyambu n'ubwato ku nkombe z'umugezi aho amato ashobora gukodeshwa kugira ngo akore ingendo azenguruka ibirwa byo mu ruzi. Club ya Sailing Club, iherereye ku mugezi wa Volta, yugururiwe abanyamuryango gusa.

## Ubumenyi bw'isi

### Ikirere
Ubushyuhe bwo mu turere dushyuha buri kwezi bivuze ubushyuhe buri hejuru ya 18° C (64° F) muri buri kwezi kwumwaka kandi mubisanzwe byitwa igihe cyizuba, ukwezi kwumutse kugusha imvura itageze kuri 60mm (2.36in) y'imvura.Ikirere cya Koppen cyerekana ubwoko bwikirere ni Aw, ikirere gishyuha cya savanna.

## Amashakiro
Rwezamenyo

**Rwezamenyo** ni umurenge uherereye mu mujyi wa  Kigali, akarere ka Nyarugenge,mu Rwanda .Ahagana mu majyepfo ashyira uburengerazuba bw'umujyi wa Kigali .

## Imibare y'abaturage
Muri 2012, abaturage bayo bari 16.763.

Ibarura ryakozwe mu 2022, umurenge wari utuwe n'abaturage 14.754, barimo abagabo 7.556 n'abagore 7.198. Ikigo  cy’ibidukikije mu Rwanda cyavuze ko umubare munini w’abagabo n’abagore biterwa n’uko abagabo bimukira mu mujyi bashaka akazi hanze y’ubuhinzi, mu gihe abagore babo bagumye mu mago yabo mu byaro. Hafi ya kimwe cya kane  cy'abaturage (24.1%) bari munsi y'imyaka 15, naho 73.3% bari hagati y'imyaka 14 na 64; 2,6% barengeje imyaka 64. 

## Imirenge
Akarere ka Nyarugenge kagabanijwemo imirenge 10 ( *imirenge* ): Gitega, Kanyinya, Kigali, Kimisagara, Mageragere, Muhima, Nyakabanda, Nyamirambo, Nyarugenge, na Rwezamenyo. 

## Amashakiro

# 

*
Ubusitani bwa Kirstenbosch

**Kirstenbosch** n'ubusitani bw'ibimera bwubatswe munsi y'uburasirazuba bw'umusozi wameza muri Cape Town . Ubusitani ni bumwe mu busitani bwa Botanika 10 bukubiyemo ibinyabuzima bitanu muri Afurika y'Epfo bitandatu bitandukanye kandi bikayoborwa n’ikigocy'igihugu cy'ibinyabuzima cya Afurika y'epfo (SANBI). Mbere y'itariki ya 1 Nzeri 2004, ikigo cyari kizwi ku izina rya National Botanical Institute.

Kirstenbosch ishimangira cyane mu guhinga ibihingwa kavukire. Igihe Kirstenbosch yashingwa mu mwaka wi 1913 kugira ngo ibungabunge ibimera bikomoka ku butaka bwa Afurika y'Epfo, nibwo busitani bwa mbere bw’ibimera ku isi bufite uyu mwihariko, mu gihe amoko atera atabonaga ko ari ikibazo cy’ibidukikije n’ibidukikije

## Amashakiro