Magdalene Odundo

**Dame Magdalene Anyango Namakhiya Odundo** DBE (wavutse 1950) ni umubumbyi wa studio ukomoka muri Kenya,  ubu uba i Farnham, muri Surrey .  Ibikorwa bye biri mu byegeranyo by’ingoro ndangamurage zizwi zirimo Ikigo cy’ubuhanzi cya Chicago, Inzu Ndangamurage y’Abongereza, Inzu Ndangamurage y’Ubuhanzi ya Metropolitan, n’Ingoro y’igihugu y’ubuhanzi nyafurika .    

Yabaye umuyobozi wa kaminuza ishinzwe ubuhanzi bwo guhanga kuva 2018. 

## Ubuzima bwambere n' Amashuri
Magdalene Odundo yavukiye i Nairobi muri Kenya, kandi yize amashuri abanza mu Buhinde no muri Kenya. Yize muri Kabete National Polytechnic muri Kenya yiga ibijyanye n’ubugeni n’ubucuruzi nyuma aza kwimukira mu Bwongereza mu 1971 kugira ngo akurikire umuhamagaro yahisemo mu bugeni bw' ibishushanyo mbonera. Amaze guhugura i Farnham, muri Surrey,  yarangije impamyabumenyi ye mu buhanzi bwa fondasiyo n’ubushushanyo mu ishuri ry’ubukorikori rya Cambridge,  aho yatangiye kwimenyereza umwuga w’ububumbyi . 

Nyuma yigihe gito mubwongereza yavumbuye ububumbyi, maze mu 1974–75 asura Nijeriya, asura ikigo cyigisha ububumbyi i Abuja, na Kenya yiga tekiniki gakondo zo kubaka hakoreshejwe intoki.  Yagiye kandi i San Ildefonso Pueblo, muri New Mexico, kugira ngo yitegereze uko hajyaho amato yatwitse umukara . Mu 1976, Odundo yabonye impamyabumenyi ya BA yakuye muri West Surrey College of Art &amp;amp; Design (ubu ni kaminuza ishinzwe ubuhanzi ).  Nyuma yaje kubona impamyabumenyi ihanitse muri Royal College of Art i Londres. Yigishije mu Ishuri Rikuru rya Commonwealth i Londres kuva 1976 kugeza 1979 no muri Royal College of Art i Londres kuva 1979 kugeza 1982, mbere yo gusubira kwigisha muri Surrey Institute of Art &amp;amp; Design (ubu ni kaminuza y’ubuhanzi bwo guhanga) mu 1997, aba umwarimu w'ububumbyi mu 2001.  Muri Werurwe 2016, yatangajwe ku mugaragaro nka Porofeseri Emerita wa kaminuza ishinzwe ubuhanzi bwo guhanga, hamwe n’ibirori byo kwizihiza byabereye mu kigo cya Farnham bitewe n’akazi ke gakomeye mu kirahure, *Inzibacyuho II* .  Yibera kandi akora muri Surrey.

Ubukorikori buzwi cyane bwa Odundo bwubatswe n'intoki, hakoreshejwe tekinike yo kwizinga. Igice cyose kirashya, kigatwikirwa nigifuniko kinyerera, hanyuma kikongera gutwikwa. Ibi bice bishyirwa mukumba kabyongerera ogisijeni, bigahinduka umutuku-orange. Bishyirwamo bwa kabiri, bikajya mukumba gakennye ogisijeni, bigatuma iryo bumba gihinduka umukara; ibi bizwi nko kugabanya-kurasa.  Akoresha ubwoko bumwe bwa tekinike yakoreshejwe n'Abagereki n'Abaroma ba kera kandi akunda gukura ibitekerezo bishya mu bihugu nk'Ubushinwa na Mexico.  Ubuhanga bwe bwo gushushanya buracyagumana na we kuko akenshi ashushanya ko ashishikajwe nimiterere karemano ndetse nigishushanyo mbonera kugirango bimufashe mu kubumba kwe.  Ibyinshi mu bikoresho Odundo akora biributsa imiterere yumuntu, akenshi bikurikiza umurongo wumugongo, igifu, cyangwa umusatsi.  Byongeye kandi, imiterere yo kwerekana imiyoboro y'ibibumbano bye igereranya umubiri wumugore; kimwe mu bice bye bizwi cyane ni icyombo cy'umukara na ocher gifite umusingi uhetamye kandi ijosi rirerire risa n'imiterere y'umugore utwite. Ibikorwa bye ubu biri mubice byegeranijwe bihoraho byingoro ndangamurage zigera kuri 50 harimo:

* Ishuri ry'ubuhanzi rya Chicago
* Inzu Ndangamurage y'Ubwongereza, London
* Inzu Ndangamurage y'ubugeni ya Metropolitan, New York
* Cooper-Hewitt, Inzu Ndangamurage y’igihugu, New York 
* Inzu ndangamurage y’ubuhanzi nyafurika, Washington DC 
* Inzu Ndangamurage ya Toledo, Toledo, OH 

* Inzu ndangamurage für Kunst und Gewerbe Hamburg, Hamburg
* Hepworth Wakefield, Wakefield

Mu 2006, ibikorwa bye byerekanwe mu imurikagurisha ryiswe "Resonance and Inspiration" mu nzu ndangamurage y’ubuhanzi ya Samuel P. Harn ya kaminuza ya Floride . Iyi yari imurikagurisha rye rya mbere muri Amerika kuva mu 1997 ndetse anagaragara bwa mbere muri Floride. Iri murika kandi riba, bwari ubwambere ibishushanyo bye byerekanwe ku bikoresho bye.  Uburyo bwe bwo gushushanya bwigana imiterere n'imikorere y'ibikoresho bye, bikora nk'incamake y'uburyo Odundo abona imirimo ye y'ibice bitatu mubice bibiri.

Muri 2019 habaye imurikagurisha rikomeye ryibanze ku itsinda ry’ibikorwa bye birenga 50, hamwe n’ibindi bihangano Odundo yabonaga bifitanye isano cyangwa bigira ingaruka ku mirimo ye; imurikagurisha ryiswe 'The Journey of Things (Urugendo rw'ibintu)'.  Igitaramo cyerekanwe ahantu habiri: Hepworth Wakefield, i West Yorkshire hanyuma ikigo cya Sainsbury gishinzwe ubuhanzi bugaragara, i Angliya y'Uburasirazuba. 

## Kumenyekana n'Ibyubahiro
Odundo yahawe igihembo cya Afurika cyo Kumenyekanisha Ubuhanzi n’Ikigo cy’ubuhanzi cya Detroit mu 2008, n’igihembo cy’umurage nyafurika cyagezweho mu buhanzi mu mwaka wa 2012, hamwe na dogitora z’icyubahiro zaturutse muri kaminuza ya Florida (2014) na kaminuza y’ubuhanzi London (2016) .  Yagizwe Umuyobozi ushinzwe Iteka ry’Ingoma y’Ubwongereza (OBE) kubera serivisi z’ubuhanzi mu cyubahiro cy’amavuko ya 2008  na Dame Commander of the Order of the Empire Empire (DBE) mu cyubahiro cy’umwaka mushya wa 2020 kubera serivisi z’ubuhanzi n'iyiga ry'ubuhanzi. 

Odundo yamenyekanye nk'umukinnyi ukomeye mu bubumbyi bwa none, bituma izina rye rigira uruhare runini mu buhanzi bwa Afurika muri Amerika mu myaka ya za 90. Nkuko byagaragajwe na Augustus Casely-Hayford, "" Yifashishije ikintu runaka cyubwenge nubunararibonye bwa Leach, cyangwa umurongo watijwe kuva kera cyane muburayi, kugirango ashyireho uburyo bwo kureba amashusho ku isi yose, yigihe gito;, nyamara icyarimwe gishaje, umunyafurika nyamara ushikamye muburayi ... " 

Muri 2017 hatangajwe ko Odundo azatangira imirimo ya Chancellor wa kaminuza ishinzwe ubuhanzi bwo guhanga guhera muri Kamena 2018. 

Odundo, mu 2008 yagizwe Umuyobozi ushinzwe Iteka ry’Ingoma y’Ubwongereza (OBE) kugira ngo akorere Ubuhanzi,  yagizwe Dame (DBE) mu cyubahiro cy’umwaka mushya wa Umwamikazi 2020 .    Mu 2022 ni umuhanzi uzwi cyane ku isi akaba na Chancellor wa kaminuza yubuhanzi bwo guhanga. Mu mwaka wa 2008 yahawe igihembo cy’ubuhanzi nyafurika n’ikigo cy’ubuhanzi cya Detroit naho muri 2012 igihembo cy’imyaka 40 y’umurage nyafurika. Muri 2019 yahawe igihembo cya "Lifetime Achievement Award" mu iserukiramuco mpuzamahanga ry’ubukorikori maze mu 2020 agirwa DBE ku rutonde rw’icyubahiro cy’umwamikazi w’umwaka mushya wa Serivisi ishinzwe uburezi n’ubuhanzi. Mu 2022 yahawe impamyabumenyi y'ikirenga y'icyubahiro na kaminuza ya Anglia Ruskin .

## Akajambo k'epfo

## Referanse

## Ihuza ryo hanze

* Magdalene Odundo kuri Anthony Slayter-Ralph ibihangano byiza