Pariki ya Gishwati

**Pariki ya Gishwati** iyi pariki herereye hagati yakarere ka nyabihu na ngororero, iri shyamba ribitse inyamanswa nyishi ndetse n inyoni ziguruka , hamwe ningagi nkeya  

 

## Ishyamba rya Gishwati

Ni ishyamba ririnzwe kandi ryitaweho  mu majyaruguru y'uburengerazuba bw'u Rwanda, hafi y'ikiyaga cya Kivu . aya mashyamba yatangiye kwitambwaho kuva mumwaka  1978, kandi amashyamba menshi yabayeho kuva muwa 1986.  hasigaye agace gato kazengurutse amashyamba kavukire, 1,500 acres (6.1 km   yishyamba ryumwimerere 250.000.  Uretse igihombo gikomeye kurusobe rw'ibinyabuzima, muri aka karere,harinindi bikorwa bibangamira imisugire y'all nk' isuri no kwangirika no n'inkangu .  Ibikorwa byo gutera amashyamba mumyaka mike ishize byongereye amashyamba kavukire asigaye kuri 2,500 acres.  

Iri shyamba ariko ryibasiwe n'abaryonona bakaryangiza. 

abayobobozi b'akarere ka Ngororero ndetse n'inzego z'umutekano bazindukiye mu ishyamba rya Gishwati basanga abaryangiza ni abacukuzi b'amabuye yagaciro batabyemerewe ndetse n'ababaji baryangiza. aho hafashwe abasaga 23.  

ubuyobozi bwatanze ubutumwa ku baturage baturiye ishyamba ko bitemewe gutema ibiti kuragiramo inka ndetse n'ibindi byose bitasabiwe uburenganzira. 

## Amateka
Ishyamba rya Gishwati ryahoze ari igice kimwe muma mashyamba atoshye  anyuze hagati ya Afrika. kandi  riherereye hakurya  y'Ikiyaga cya Kivu ihuza amashyamba y'imvura yo muri Kongo, n'amajyepfo igahuza n'ishyamba rya Nyungwe .  iyi miterere y’amashyamba yacitsemo ibice kubera ubwiyongere bw’abaturage no gutema amashyamba. Genocide yakorewe abatutsi mu Rwanda yateje ikibazo aho impunzi zahunze kandi abaturage bariyongera uko abantu bavanywe mu byabo; icyakora ako gace kari karahuye nibibazo byo  guteshwa agaciro mbere ya jenoside yakorewe abatutsi mu Rwanda. Aka gace karangiritse kubera ubworozi bw'inka n'ubuhinzi kugeza igihe butatanga umusaruro. Isuri, inkangu, kugabanuka kw'amazi, n'uburumbuke bw'ubutaka byari byaturutse ku iyangirika ry'ubutaka.

Gahunda yo kubungabunga ishyamba rya Gishwati (GACP) yatangiye muwa 2007 ku bufatanye na perezida w’u Rwanda, Paul Kagame, na Great Ape Trust, yashinzwe n’umugiraneza Ted Townsend. Iyi gahunda yatangiranye igitekerezo cyo gushyiraho parike y’igihugu yo kubungabunga ibidukikije mu Rwanda mu rwego rwo kurinda urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima byo mu ishyamba rya Gishwati no guhagarika kwangirika vuba. Mu 1930 Ishyamba rya Gishwati ryatwaye hegitari 70.000 ariko ryatakaje hafi 90 ku ijana by'igifuniko cyaryo, iki gikorwa cyari kigamije kugarura igihombo gikomeye ako gace kamaze kubona mu myaka icumi ishize bityo ikibanza kikaba Ishyamba ry'amizero.  Mu mwaka wa 2011, GACP yasimbuwe n’umuryango utegamiye kuri Leta w’u Rwanda uzwi ku izina ry’ishyamba ry’amashyamba,  kuri ubu ucunga amashyamba ya Gishwati (GFR).

Kuva  yabyitaho  habayeho kwiyongera kwa 67 ijana by'ubunini bw'ishyamba rya Gishwati. ndetse ni ingagi  zariyongereye kandi ibikorwa byinshi byubushakashatsi no kubungabunga ibidukikije byakoreshejwe muriyo gahunda  yo kubungabunga ishyamba rya  Gishwati yatangiriye ku cyizere cy'uko mu nzira guverinoma y'u Rwanda izafata ako gace ikayigira parike y'igihugu. Bimwe mubikorwa bya leta no gutangaza amakuru byerekana ko GFR izamurwa muri parike yigihugu mugihe cya vuba. 
ishyamba rya gishwati 1986 kugeza muwa 2001

## Ibinyabuzima bitandukanye
Kubera gutema amashyamba ya Gishwati, gutakaza cyane ibinyabuzima byatumye. Fauna yonyine yagabanutseho 99.7%. Ibimera bigira uruhare runini mubuzima bwabaturage kavukire nabyo byagabanutse cyane. Imbuto zo mu gasozi zagabanutseho 93.3%, imboga zo mu gasozi zagabanutseho 99,6%, naho imiti yo mu gasozi ikoreshwa n’abaturage kavukire yagabanutseho 79.9%. 

Ubwoko butandukanye bwibinyabuzima bushobora kuboneka mubigega. Haboneka amoko ane ya primates, Chimpanzee y'Iburasirazuba , inkende , inkende y'ubururu, n'inguge ya L'Hoest (izwi kandi mu nguge zo ku misozi). Nubwo atari guhera 2002, ubwoko bwa gatanu bwibinyabuzima, colobus yumukara numweru byavuzwe ko yabonetse. Muri iki gihe habarurwa amashyamba 20 yo muri Afurika y'Iburasirazuba. Ubu ni ubwiyongere bwa 54% mubunini bwabaturage kuva kuri chimps 13 muri 2008, igihe GACP yatangiraga. Harimo impinja eshanu.   

Fauna Ibindi basanga ni amoko 84 ya inyoni, harimo Woodhoopoes ( Phoeniculidae ), White-headed Woodhoopoe ( Phoeniculus bollei ), Old World Warblers ( Sylviidae ), na Mountain Yellow Warbler ( Iduna similis ).  Igikeri cyamashyamba yijimye hamwe nubwoko bwinshi bwamasaro ni bumwe mubuzima bwa amphibian buboneka mwishyamba. Ku bijyanye n’ibikururuka, inzoka nini zo mu biyaga binini n’amoko menshi ya chameleone nayo iboneka mu ishyamba rya Gishwati.

## Kubungabunga
Itsinda rito ryitaruye rya chimpanzees yo muri Afrika yuburasirazuba rituye mu ishyamba rya Gishwati, ahantu hashobora kuba urutonde runini mini kuburyo bushya bwo kubungabunga ibidukikije. Kugeza mu mwaka wa 2008 abaturage bari baragabanutse kugera ku banyamuryango cumi na batatu kandi bari hafi guhura n'ibiza . Hagati ya 2008 na 2011 abaturage biyongereyeho mirongo ine na batandatu ku ijana bagera ku banyamuryango cumi n'icyenda ku bw'imbaraga za guverinoma y'u Rwanda na gahunda yo kubungabunga akarere ka Gishwati . Imbaraga nkizashyizweho kugirango zifashe inguge nini za Gishwati zirashobora kugira uruhare runini mu gufasha inguge nini kwisi.  Ishyamba rya Gishwati nubuzima bwibihumbi magana byabanyarwanda batuye hafi ya Gishwati. Ishyamba rifasha kubungabunga uburumbuke bwubutaka kandi bikarinda kwangirika. Mu bihe biri imbere irashobora guha ubukungu bwu Rwanda inyungu ziva mu bidukikije binyuze mu binyabuzima biboneka muri ako karere. 

### Tera ibiti  2020
Muri 2011, Plant-It 2020 yatanze inkunga muri Gahunda yo Kubungabunga Agace ka Gishwati ya Great Ape Trust yo gutera ibiti 1.000 kavukire mu ishyamba ry’igihugu cya Gishwati no mu burengerazuba bw’u Rwanda .  Ibimera-It 2020 ni umuryango mpuzamahanga udaharanira inyungu wo gutera amashyamba washinzwe na nyakwigendera umuririmbyi John Denver . 

### Ishyamba rya Gishwati na koridoro ya Nyungwe
Umuhanda wa hegitari 10,000 wibiti byatewe birashobora umunsi umwe guhuza ishyamba rya Gishwati na parike yigihugu ya Nyungwe, nko mu bilometero mirongo itatu ugana mu majyepfo. Ihuriro rizemerera inyamanswa kwimuka hagati y’ahantu harinzwe kandi ikishingira gene ya alleles hagati yabaturage bombi ba chimpanzees. Uyu mushinga wahawe inkunga na leta na Minisiteri y’ubutaka n’ibidukikije mu Rwanda kubera ko igiti gishya cy’amashyamba kizateza imbere gufata amazi no kweza amazi, gukumira isuri, kuzuza uburumbuke bw’ubutaka, no gushyigikira ibidukikije . 

## Imibereho yabaturiye ishyamba rya Gishwati
mumyaka yo hambere abaturage bigeze kwibasira iri shyamba rya gishwati bararitema hafi yo kurimaraho bikorera ibikorwa bwite

byo mubuzima bwabo bwa burimunsi kuburyo haje no kuvuka ikibazo gikomeye kubera gutema ibiti bigize iryo shyamba kuko

bimwe mubinyabuzima byari bituye mu ishyamba rya Gishwati zatangiye guhunga.kugera iubu irishyamba nryaje ikwitabwaho

abaturage bashishikarizwa guteramo ibiti byinshi bishoboka kugirango ryongere risubire kumurongo kuburyo ryaje kugirwa na pariki

nigihugu cyu Rwanda ubu akaba ari rimwe mu mashyamba afitiye abarituriye umumaro ndetse nigihugu cyu Rwanda muri rusange

## Reba Imiyoboro