open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Gas mukurengera ibidukikije mubigo by'amashuri

***Ibigo by’amashuri mu Rwanda bikoresheje neza umutungo kamere wa Gaz byahangana n’imihindagurikire y’ikirere bigabanya ikoreshwa ry’inkwi mu gutunganya amafunguro ahabwa abanyeshuri.***

Ikigo cy’amashuri cya GS Ste Bernadette Save kiri mu byafashe iya mbere mu gukoresha Gaz mu rwego rwo kugabanya ikoreshwa ry’inkwi mu rwego rwo kurengera ibidukikije, guteza imbere isuku no kugabanya umwanya wakoreshwaga mu gutegura amafunguro y’abanyeshuri.

## Intego
Ni bindi bigo by’amashuri bitari bike cyane cyane mu majyepfo ndetse no mu Rwanda byari bikwiriye gufata izi ngamba zo kurengera ibidukikije bikoresha gaz mu mwanya wo kwangiza amashyamba bakoresha inkwi mu gutegura amafunguro y’abana.

## Reba
Ikigega Ireme Invest

***Sharm el Sheikh mu Misiri, niho hatangirijwe iki kigega ku mugaragaro na Perezida Paul Kagame, kizatera inkunga imishinga y’abikorera igamije gufasha u Rwanda kubaka ubukungu burengera ibidukikije,kikaba cyatangijwe n’amafaranga yamanyarwanda asaga miliyari 109.***

## Ibice biyigize

Ibi byabereye mu nama mpuzamahanga yiga ku guhangana n’imihindagurikire y’ibihe, COP27, irimo kubera i Sharm el Sheikh mu Misiri. Ireme invest ikaba iri mu bice bibiri.

Igice kimwe kikazakoreshwa binyuze mu kigega gitera inkunga imishinga igamije guhangana n’imihindagurikire y’ibihe, FONERWA. Naho igice cya kabiri, kizaba gikorwa na Banki y’u Rwanda Itsura Amajyambere (BRD).

Mu gice cya mbere kizajya gitanga inkunga mu iyigwa ry’imishinga n’itegurwa ryayo kuva mu ntangiriro kugeza aho ishobora kwemerwa na banki. mu gihe igice cya kabiri cyo kikazita ku gutanga inguzanyo kuri ya mishinga no kuyishingira mu bigo by’imari.

## Intego

Ubwo Perezida Kagame yatangizaga icyo kigega yavuze ko iyi ari intambwe ikomeye ku Rwanda.

Iki kigega Ireme invest kizafasha mu guhanga imirimo 367,000 mu bikorwa birengera ibidukikije, bikazakumira iyoherezwa mu kirere rya toni 1,32 y’imyuka ihumanya ikirere.

Yagarutse byimazeyo ku nzego z’abafatanyabikorwa, ku buryo iyo batahaba ibirimo gukorwa n’inzego zo mu Rwanda bitajyaga kugera kure. Aba bafatanyabikorwa batanze inkunga ikigega kigishingwa, aho yageze kuri miliyoni $100.

Abo bafatanyabikorwa barimo Guverinoma z’u Bufaransa, Suède n’u Bwongereza, Banki y’Ishoramari y’u Burayi (EIB) na Green Climate Partnership Fund.

## Reba
Inzovu zirenga 200 zishwe n’amapfa muri Kenya

***Abayobozi bo muri Kenya bavuga ko inyamaswa zo mu gasozi zibarirwa mu magana zirimo n’inzovu 205 zimaze gupfa kugeza ubu muri uyu mwaka kubera amapfa akaze ari mu gihugu.***

Minisitiri w’ubukerarugendo wa Kenya, Penina Malonza, yavuze ko inyamaswa zo mu gasozi zibarirwa mu bihumbi, ziganjemo izirya ibyatsi, zapfiriye muri za parike z’iki gihugu kubera kubura amazi n’ubwatsi.

Minisitiri Malonza yagize ati”*Aya mapfa yo mu majyepfo, mu burasirazuba no mu majyaruguru ya Kenya yateje impfu z’inyamaswa, cyane cyane izirya ibyatsi. Ikigero cy’impfu cyarazamutse kubera igabanuka ry’ibiribwa hamwe n’ubucye bw’amazi*“.

Iyi minisiteri y’ubukerarugendo ya Kenya ubu irimo gusaba imfashanyo y’amazi n’umunyu wo kurigata byo gufasha inyamaswa zo mu gasozi zo mu bice byazahajwe cyane n’aya mapfa.

## Reba
Gutera ibiti muri Gakenke

***Akarere ka Gakenke ni kamwe mu turere dukunze kwibasirwa n’ibiza mu gihe cy’imvura ndetse bihagitana abantu benshi, REMA iri kumwe n’abayobozi b’Akarere hamwe n’abaturage bateye ibiti 16,115.***

## Intego
Ibi biti bikaba byatewe ku misozi ya Vugangoma na Muyongwe mu rwego rwo kurwanya gutwarwa k’ubutaka ndetse no gucukura imiringoti nayo izafata ubutaka.

Ibiti byatewe bikaba ari ibya gakondo hamwe n’ibivangwa n’imyaka, abayobozi bakaba basabye abaturiye iyo misozi kubifata neza no kubibungabunga kuko bizatuma ubutaka bwabo bwongera gutwarwa n’amazi.

Abaturage bakaba bashimishijwe n’icyo gikorwa bakorewe n’abayobozi nabo babizeza ko ibyo bikorwa bagejejweho bagomba kubisigasira kugira ngo babashe kurwanya imihindagurikire y’ibihe.

## Reba
Ibiti by’imyembe i kayonza

## Intangiriro

Abaturage baravuga ko bari gutema ibiti by'imyembe bitewe n’udukoko tw'utumumatirizi twatumye bidatanga umusaruro uretse guteza umwanda gusa. Bavuga ko hatagize igikorwa imyembe yaba amateka mur’iyi ntara. Nimugihe ikigo cy'igihugu gishinzwe ubuhinzi n'ubworozi (RAB) kigira inama abaturage yo kudatema ibyo biti kuko hari abakozi bacyo bari kuzenguruka igihugu bigisha abaturage uko babirinda utwo dukoko.

## Udukoko ibiti

Udukoko twayogoje ibiti by’imbuto tuzwi ku izina ry’umutaririzi dukomeje guhangayikisha abaturage bafite ibyo biti, cyane cyane imyembe. Abafite ibyamaze kurwara  utwo dukoko,bavuga ko mbere babonaga umusaruro mwinshi w’imbuto z’imyembe ariko ubu nta kizere bafite cyo kuzongera kuyirya.Abaturage bo mu turere twa Ngoma, Kirehe, Kayonza na Rwamagana babwiye Isango Star, ko hatagize igikorwa kur’iki kibazo imbuto z’imyembe zaba amateka mu ntara yabo kandi bari basanzwe bayeza.Umwe, yagize ati: *“[imyembe] twarayezaga myinshi ariko ubu turi kubona biri guhinduka. Indwara y’ibiti niyo iri gutuma imyembe itaza. Ubu kurya imyembe ntabwo bizongera.*Undi ati: *“ Habaga imyembe kuburyo abantu baryaga bose bagasagurira n’amasoko. Ubu imyembe yarapfuye kubera ubwo bukoko bavuga ngo ni ubumatirizo.*

## Imyembe
Ubusanzwe mu bice bitandukanye byo mu ntara y’Iburasirazuba hahoze ibiti byinshi by’imyembe ariko mur’iki gihe hari ubutayu, nk’uko bishimangirwa n’umuturage wo mu karere ka Ngoma, Umurenge wa Jarama.Ikigo cy’igihugu gishinzwe ibarurishamibare (NISR) kigaragaza ko umusaruro w’imbuto mu gihugu wagabanutse hagati ya 2019 na 2021. Mu gihembwe cy’ihinga A cya 2019, kuri hegitare hasaruwe ibiro 1 291, naho igihembwe cya B hasarurwa ibiro 1 111.Bigeze muri 2020, mu gihembwe cy’ihinga A, kuri hegitare hasaruwe ibiro 988, naho igihembwe B hasaruwe ibiro  1 068.Ni mu gihe mu 2021 mu gihembwe cy’ihinga A,hegitari yasaruweho ibiro 1 018, naho igihembwe B hasarurwaho ibiro 1 050. Ibi byerekana ko hatagize igikorwa, imbuto by’umwihariko imyembe yaba umugani mu bari basanzwe bayirya.

## Amashakiro
Kuhira imyaka

## Intangiriro

Abaturage bo mu murenge wa Ndaro mu karere ka Kayonza barasaba ubuyobozi ko ibikoresho byo huhira imyaka buzwi nka kubera amapfa akunze kwibasira umurenge wabo bigatumabatihaza mu biribwa.

## Kuhira
Abaturage bavuga ko nubwo bafite ubutaka bwiza bwo guhinga bahura n'ikibazo cy'amapfa ntibabone umusaruro ukwiye. abahinzi bavugako bahinga ntibeze kubera kubura imvura ihagije yakeza imyaka bahinze uretse kuba bagoobokwa na leta ikabaha ibiribwa. Basaba leta ikwiye kudashakira uko bagezwaho gahunda yo kuhira imyaka bugezweho nk'ubukoreshwa na sosiete zikorera muri iyi mirenge.

## Ibindi
Umurenge wa Ndego ni umurenge y'akarere ka Kayonza irimo ibiyaga nka Ihema byakifashishwa mu kuhira imyaka y'abaturage mu gihe leta yababoner imashini nini zifashishwa mu kuhira ku buryo bugezweho burimo n'ubukoresha ikoranabuhanga.

## Amashakiro
Inkura mu Rwanda

Binyuze mu bufatanye bw’Urwego rw’Igihugu rw’Iterambere (RDB), Howard G Buffet n’Ikigo African Parks, u Rwanda rwakiriye inkura zera 30 zagejejwe i Kigali ku Cyumweru, tariki ya 28 Ugushyingo 2021, ziturutse muri Afurika y’Epfo.

Inkura zera 30 (whites rhinos) u Rwanda rwakiriye, zahise zijyanwa muri Pariki y’Igihugu y’Akagera.

Ni impano yatanzwe n’Ikigo Beyond Phinda Private Game Reserve cyo muri Afurika y’Epfo mu gihe kugira ngo zigere mu Rwanda byatwaye ibihumbi 320$.

Izi nkura zagejejwe mu Rwanda zirimo 19 z’ingore na 11 z’ingabo, zikaba zarageze i Kigali nyuma yo gukora urugendo rw’amasaha 40.

## Inkomoko
Ubundi inkura y’umweru (Whites Rhinos) rikomoka mu Baholandi babaga muri Afurika bazita “Wijd”aribyo (Wide) bishatse kuvuga inyamaswa y’umunwa munini, hanyuma abavuga ururimi rw’icyongereza bahita bayita (White).

Izi nkura zikaba zikomoka mu gihugu cya Afurika y’Epfo mu mujyi wa Langebaanweg mu majyepfo y’uburengerazuba by’umujyi wa Cap Town zikaba zimaze imyaka irenga miliyoni 7.

## Reba
Ishyamba muri Ngoma

## Intangiriro

Mu karere ka Ngoma hari abaturage bavuga ko bahangayikishijwe n’ibura ry’imbuto z’imyembe ku isoko bitewe n’udukoko tw’utumatirizi twibasiye ibiti byabo bigatuma babitema, bityo bagasaba ko bahabwa ibyo kubisimbura kugirango nibyera bizazibe icyuho.

## Abaturage
Aba baturage bo mu karere ka Ngoma baravuga ibi nyuma y’uko ibiti byabo by’imyembe,byibasiwe n’udukoko twitwa utumatirizi, babona bidakira ndetse ngo binatange umusaruro usibye guteza umwanda kubera urusazi rutumaho,maze babyiraramo barabitema binatuma umusaruro wayo ugabanuka,none bahangayikishijwe n’igiciro cyayo ku isoko.

## Ibiti
Gusa bamwe muri aba baturage bo mu karere ka Ngoma bavuga ko iteka bigishwa ko iyo utemye igiti kimwe utera bibiri,bityo bakaba basaba ko bahabwa ibiti by’imbuto, by’umwihariko imyembe yo gutera bagasimbuza iyo batemye kugirango bakemure ikibazo cy’ibura ryayo ku isoko.

## RAB
Ikigo cy’igihugu gishinzwe ubuhinzi n’ubworozi,RAB,kivuga ko ikibazo cy’utumatirizi twibasiye ibiti by’imbuto bikanatuma bamwe mu baturage babitema kizwi,bityo ko bazabakorera ubuvugizi bagahabwa ibindi byo gusimbuza nkuko bivugwa na Dr. Hategekimana Athanase umuyobozi wa Porogaramu ishinzwe kurwanya indwara n’ibyonnyi mu bihingwa muri RAB.

## Amashakiro
Ikigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe iteganyagihe

## Intangiriro
Ikigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe iteganyagihe (Meteo Rwanda) cyatangaje ko mu Rwanda hateganyijwe ibihe by’imvura nyinshi hagati ya tariki 10 n’iya 20 Ugushyingo 2022, ishobora kuzatera kwangirika kw’ibikorwaremezo bitabungabunzwe neza.

## Imvura

ikigo cy'Igihugu gishinzwe iteganyagihe (Meteo Rwanda), iki kigo kivuga ko imvura nyinshi iteganyijwe mu ntara y’Amajyaruguru, Iburengerazuba n’Amajyepfo ukuyemo agace k’Amayaga. Inateganyijwe kandi mu Ntara y’Iburasirazuba n’Umujyi wa Kigali, aho bizaterwa ahanini n’isangano ry’imiyaga ihehereye ituruka mu Nyanja ngari ya Atlantique n’iy’u Buhinde.

## Ibipimo
ikigo cy'Igihugu gishinzwe iteganyagihe kivugako Iyi mvura nyinshi iteganyijwe iri hagati ya milimetero 80 na 240 mu minsi 10. Meteo Rwanda, yavuze ko imvura nyinshi iteganyijwe izagira ingaruka zirimo; imyuzure hafi y’imigezi n’ibishanga, inkangu ahantu hatarwanyijwe isuri.

## Ibinyabiziga

ikigo cy'Igihugu gishinzwe iteganyagihe kivugako imvura Izatera kandi kutareba neza imbere ku batwaye ibinyabiziga, bikaba bishobora guteza impanuka. Hari ingaruka ziterwa n’umuvuduko mwinshi w’imivu y’amazi no kwangirika kw’ibikorwaremezo bitabungabunzwe neza n’ibindi.

## Amashakiro
Ikirere

## ikirere

## Ubusobanuro
Ijambo **Ikirere** mu kinyarwanda rihuza impuzanyito ni jambo "**Ijuru**" aribyo bizwi mu rurimi rw'icyongereza nka "**[https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/atmosphere Atmosphere]**"  . Ikirere kandi ni ijambo rivugwa kimwe ni jambo ikirere risobanura urukoma rwumye ruva ku nsina zera ibitoki. 

Abanyarwanda kandi bakoresha ijambo Ikirere bashaka kuvuga imihindagurikire y'ibih, harimo imiterere yacyo igenda ihindagurika bitewe nuko ibihe by'umwaka bigenda bihinduka. **urugero**: ibihe by'ubushyuhe, ubukonje, ibihe by'imvura nibihe by'imiyaga.

## Ubushobozi
Imbaraga n’amikoro abaturage aba n’aba bafite cyangwa sosiyete iyi n’iyi ifite cyangwa umuryango uyu n’uyu ufite bishobora gukoreshwa mu kugabanya ingaruka z’imihindagurikire y’ikirere. Mu bushobozi hashobora kuba harimo uburyo bufatika, urwego uru n’uru, uburyo bw’imibereho y’abaturage cyangwa uburyo bw’ubukungu ndetse n’abantu bafite ubumenyi cyangwa se bafite ibintu ibi n’ibi byihariye muri byo tukaba twavuga uburyo bw’ubuyobozi n’imicungire. Ubushobozi bushobora no kuba imbaraga.

## '''Imihindagurikire y’ikirere'''

Uburyo ubushyuhe bwo ku isi bigenda bwiyongera bitewe n’imyuka yoherezwa mu kirere ikacyangiza. Muri iyo myuka twavuga diyogiside ya karuboni na metani. Iri jambo rikunda gukoreshwa bashaka kugaragaza impinduka ziza nyuma y’igihe kirekire muri izo mpinduka kakaba harimo ubwiyongere bw’imiyaga n’ubw’ubushyuhe bw’inyanja ndetse no kuzamuka kw’amazi y’inyanja.

## Ihinduka ry’ibihe
Ibihe bidasanzwe byigaragaza muri byo tukaba twavuga imiyaga ya El Niño na La Nina iva mu majyepfo (itera amapfa mu Rwanda). Nubwo hari ibigaragazako ihinduka ry’ibihe rizarushaho kwiyongera bitewe n’imihindagurikire y’ikirere, haracyariko gushindikanya cyane. Gukora ikintu gishya cyangwa gitandukanye n’icyo wowe ubwawe cyangwa abo mu gace utuyemo mwakoze mu bihe byashize kugira ngo muhangane n’imihindagurikire y’ikirere.

## Amashakiro
Imbuto I Ngoma

## Intangiriro

Abahinzi b’imbuto mu cyanya cyuhirwa mu Murenge wa Murama na Kabarondo, Akarere ka Kayonza n’Umurenge wa Remera mu Karere ka Ngoma, bafashe neza ibiti by’imbuto bahembwe ibikoresho birimo ipombo zitera umuti, roswari (Arrosoir) yo kuhira n’igikoresho cyifashishwa mu gukata ibisambo.

## Ubuso
Ubuso buhinzeho imbuto bungana na hegitari 1,369 mu Mirenge ya Murama, Kabarondo na Remera, izi mbuto zikaba zuhirwa hifashishijwe amatiyo azamura amazi mu kiyaga gihangano cya Gishanda n’andi mahema afata amazi. Dr Bucagu akaba yasabye abahinzi gukomeza gufata neza ibiti by’imbuto kuko ari isoko y’ubukungu bafite mu minsi iri imbere.

## Imbuto
imfashanyigisho ku buhinzi bw’imbuto Uyu munsi ntimuratangira gusarura ariko igihe nikigera muzabona ko mutaruhiye ubusa. Imbuto zizabaha amafaranga menshi kandi n’abana banyu bazagira imirire myiza. Ubuso bwahinzweho ibi biti by’imbuto ni ubutaka bwari busanzwe butera ahanini kubera izuba riharangwa, no kuba umuturage ubwe atabasha kuhira imyaka ku giti cye hatabayeho izindi mbaraga z’abaterankunga.

## Amashakiro
Ubuzima bwiza bwibidukikije ni Ubuzima bwiza bwa muntu.

Kubungabunga ibidukikije ni bimumwe mubikorwa umuntu akora kugirango akomeze kubungabunga ubuzima bwe. ibidukikije iyo bisukuye bituma abantu bahumeka umwuka mwiza bityo ikigereranyo cyabapfa biturutse muguhumeka umwuka mubi kigabanyuka. Mu Gushyingo 2022, Perezida wa Komisiyo y’Igihugu y’Uburenganzira bwa Muntu, Mukasine Marie Claire, yavuze ku kamaro ko kubungabunga ibidukikije, kurwanya isuri no kubahiriza uburenganzira bwa muntu kandi avuga ko kwita kubidukikije bifite uruhare runini mu kubaho neza kwa muntu.

## REMA
REMA ni ikigo cy'igihugu gishinzwe kwita kubidukikije mu Rwanda.   kuwa 13 kanama 2018, ikigo cy'igihugu kirengera ibidukikije mu Rwanda cyashyize hanze igazeti ku ibidukikije. iy'igazeti ikaba ikubiyemo imitwe itandukanye harimo kubungabunga no kurengara ibidukikije kamere, amahame remezo agenga kibungabunga ibidukikije, kubungabunga no kurengera ibidukikije biva mubikorwa bya muntu, ibikorwa bibujijwe n'ibihano nibindi. 

### Amahame remezo agenga ibidukikije

* Ihame ryo kuringa; rifasha mugukumira cyangwa kugabanya ingaruka mbi kubidukikije.
* Ihame bw'uburambe kubidukikije; rifasha guha amahirwe angana ibisekuruza bitadukanye.
* Ihame ry'uko uwagije abihanirwa; rifasha guca intege ibikorwa byo kwagiza ibidukikije no guhana uwarenze ku mategeko.
* Ihame ryo kumenyesha no  gushishikariza kubugabunga ibidukikije; rifasha kunoza imyumvire kubijyanye n'ibidukikije no kubibungabunga.
* Ihame ry'ubufatanye; rifasha gushyira hamwe imbaraga zo kubungabunga ibidukikije.

## Uruhare rwa Leta
Leta ifite inshingano rusange zo kwita, kubungabunga no kugenzura ibidukikije, no gufatanya n'izindi Leta mu gufata ibyemezo birwanya ubuhunyanye burenze imipaka. Buri rwego mu nzego za leta, imiryango itegamiye kuri leta n'abantu ku giti cyabo bagomba kubugabunga ibidukikije.

## Uruhare rw'ibidukikije mwiterambere ry'ubukungu
57 ku ijana by'Abanyarwanda higajemo abagore bari mubukene bukabije mu mwaka 2009.Gushyira mu bikorwa imigambi y’igihugu n’imigambi mpuzamahanga y’iterambere rirambye n’ ibikorwa byo kugabanya ubukene bisaba ko u Rwanda rushyira ibidukikije n’amahame yumwimerere yo gucunga neza umutungo mu rwego rw’igenenamigambi ry’igihugu ryerekeranye n’iterambere mu bukungu. Ubukungu na bwo bujyana n’ibidukikije mu buryo bwinshi bugaragara. Ibikorwa ngengabukungu byose harimo Kubyaza umusaruro, kuwukoresha no gutaba imyanda bibera mu bidukikije. Ibidukikije n’umutungo kamere ni byo musingi w’ibikorwa byo mu nzego zose.

## Ihuzwa ry'ibidukikije n'uburenganzira bwa muntu
Umwuka mwiza uturuka mu bidukikije bisukuye, bikaba ari uburenganzira bwa muntu,guhumeka umwuka mwiza bikaba byaratangajwe n' Akanama Gashinzwe Uburenganzira bwa muntu mu Muryango w’Abibumbye. Uyu mwanzuro utowe hashize imyaka irenga 20, kuko wazanywe ahagana 1990 ariko ibihugu bimwe nabimwe bikanga kuwutora.

## Ibigize ibidukikije kamere

Ibidukikije kamere bivugwako ari ibidukikije karemano, harimo; imisozi, ibishanga, amazi, ubutaka namashyamba kimeza.

## Amafatizoshingiro
Umutungo ugizwe n’Ibinyabuzima

## Urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima
Urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima ni uruvange rw’amoko y’ubuzima n’imikoranire yayo n’iy’ibindi bidukikije byatumye isi iba ahantu honyine ho gutura ku bantu. Urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima tubona none rukomoka ku mamiliyaridi y’imyaka y’ihindagurika ryakozwe n’imitere y’ibikorwa by’umwimerere, hanyuma umuntu abigira mo uruhare rwagiye rurushaho gukomera.

## Akarere
Aka karere ni kamwe mu bihugu byo muri Afurika bifite ibinyabuzima binyuranye kurusha ibindi bihugu. Gacumbikiye hafi 40 ku ijana by’amoko y’inyamaswa zonsa z’umugabane (amoko 402), urusobe rwaguye rw’inyoni (amoko 1.061), inyamaswa zikururuka n’iziba mu mazi zikaza no hanze (amoko 293), n’ibimera bitumburuka (amoko 5,793).

## Rwanda
N’ubwo u Rwanda ari agahugu gatoya, rufite urusobe rw’ibintu bihumeka n’ibidahumeka bikoze ireme n’umwimerere by’ahantu mu rwego rw’ibidukikije (écosystèmes), ibimera n’inyamaswa. Kuba ruri hagati mu rwunge rw’ibibaya bya Rift Albertine mu ishami ry’amajyaruguru rya Rift Valley yo muri Afurika ni ikintu gifite icyo kimaze.

## Rift Albertine

’Rift Albertine’’ ifashwe nk’aho ari yo ifite umutungo w'amoko y’ibinyabuzima kurusha ahandi muri Afurika. Ibonwa nk’aho ari indiri y’urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima ifite inyamaswa zonsa zihakomoka kurusha ahandi hose muri Afurika : inyoni, ibinyugunyugu, amafi n’inyamaswa zo mu mazi ziza no ku butaka. Imiturire yo mu Rwanda iboneka rwagati muri ‘’Rift Albertine’’ na yo iranyuranye, uhereye ku rusobe rw’ibihumeka n’ibidahumeka bikoze ireme n’umwimerere by’ahantu byo mu misozi ya Afurika mu turere tw’amajyaruguru n’utw’uburenerazuba ukagera mu mashyamba yo mu mibande, ahantu h’ibiti bitatanye n’ahantu h’ubwatsi butoshye n’umukenke mu turere tw’amajyepfo n’utw’uburasirazuba.

## Amashakiro
Ubushobozi rw’urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima

## Intangiriro

U Rwanda rufite urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima ku bwinshi; ni ngombwa rero ko hashyirwaho amateko ihamye yo kurwitaho, harimo n’amategeko y’imikoreshereze y’umutungo w’umwimerere, bitari ukwihuza n’ibisabwa n’amahanga gusa, ahubwo kubera y’uko urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima ari umusingi w’ibitunga Abanyarwanda kandi rutanga amahirwe y’iterambere mu bukungu.

## Umwanzuro n’amabwiriza

* **Gushyigikira ubukungu n’ibitunga abantu:** Ibiribwa, imiti n’ibindi bintu byinshi Abanyarwanda babikesha urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima n’umutungo w’umwimerere.
* **Akamaro k’ubukerarugendo**: Umusaruro ukomoka ku bukerarugenso wageze kuri miliyoni 33 z’amadolari y’Abanyamerika mu 2006, harabanje kuboneka umusaruro udahambaye uri munsi y’amadolari miliyoni 5 mu 2002
* **Ubushakashatsi ku birebana n’imiti:** Ingero z’umutungo w’umwimerere w’ingirakamaro zigizwe na Prunus africana yabonetse muri Nyungwe. Iki kimera gikoreshwa nk’umuti w’ibanze wa kanseri ya porositate.

## Uko kurinda urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima

Uru rusobe rw’ibinyabuzima ruhanitse rurindiwe cyane cyane mu turere dukumiwe (za pariki z’igihugu 3, amashyamba cyimeza, ahantu hahehereye). Utu turere tugize hafi 10 ku ijana by’igihugu mu gihe ahasigaye hatuwe cyane. Bitewe n’ubucucike bw’abaturage burusha ahandi muri Afurika hakiyongeraho kubogamira ku buhinzi, ingorane z’ibanze ku rusobe rw’ibinyabuzima no ku murungo w’umwmimerere mu Rwanda zijyanye cyane cyane n’imbaraga nyishi cyane zisabwa n’ubwiyongere bw’abaturage n’ikibazo cyibura ry’ubutaka. Izindi ngorane urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima ruhura na zo zikomo ku bikorwa bya muntu nko gutakaza ahantu hatuwe bitewe n’imindagurikire y’imiturire, ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro, ubuhinzi no kuzana amoko y’ibintu by’ahandi.

## Amashakiro
Ibangamirwa umusaruro atangwa n’amashyamba

## Intangiriro

N’ubwo urwego rw’amashyamba rutanga amahirwe menshi mu birebana n’imizamukire y’ubukungu bw’igihugu, rufite zimwe mu ngorane zikwiriye gukemurwa kugira ngo u Rwanda rushobore kwifashisha ayo mahirwe. Ibangamirwa ry’ibanze ry’amashyamba ni cyane cyane ibibazo bijyanye n’imitegekere, urwego rw’amategeko rudahwitse n’ingufu nyinshi cyane zisabwa n’ubwiyongere bw’abaturage bigatuma gusatira no gutema amashyamba kubera imiturire, ubuhinzi n’inzuri.

## Ingamba
Irindi bangamirwa ry’amashyamba ryamenyekanye mu ishyamba rya Nyungwe: hagati ya 1996 na 2003, inkongi z’umuriro mu mashyamba zangije ahantu hahwanye na 12.800 ha, cyangwa hafi 13 ku ijana by’ubuso rusange bw’iryo shyamba (ORTPN 2005). Inkongi z’umuriro zivugwa nanone kenshi muri Pariki y’Igihugu y’Akagera mu mpeshyi.

* **Gushimangira ububasha bw’inzego :** Isuzuma ryo mu rwego rwo gutera amashyamba rirekana inenge mu ku birebana n’ubushobozi bw’inzego z’ubuyobozi. Hakwiriye gukomezwa inzego z’ubuyobozi bukuru - Minisiteri n’ikigo cy’igihugu gishinzwe Amashyamba (ANFA) n’iz’ubuyobozi bwaguye – Uturere na za segiteri. Muri urwo rwego, Ishuri rikuru ry’u Rwanda ryatangiye maîtrise mu gutera ibiti n’amashyamba.
* **Guteza imbere iterwa ry’ibiti n’amashyamba:** Za tekiniki zo gutera amashyamba ziri mu bisubizo bishobora gusana vuba isura y’igihugu kuri unu gisa n’ikigiye kuba ubutayu. Mu rwego rw’ibura ry’ubutaka, harashyirwa imbaraga mu guteza imbere amoko akomeye cyane ajyana neza n’imyaka kurusha ayandi
* **Guhindura amashyamba y’amaterano ashaje:** Isura y’igihugu cy’u Rwanda ku birebana n’amashamba cyiganjwemo inturusu, izo nturusu zikaba mu gihe kirekire zaragize uruhare mu igabanuka ry’inkwi zo gucana n’iryi ibiti bya za serivisi. Ahenshi mu hatewe ubwo bwoko bw’ibiti hashyizweho mbere y’ubwigenge, none ubu hakaba hameze nabi kubera iyangirika ry’ubutaka no gucungwa nabi. Ni ngombwa kuvugurura ayo mashyamba bayasimbuza amoko yatoranyijwe ajyanye n’uturere tuberanye na yo n’imiterere y’ubuka buberanye na yo. Amoko amwe n’amwe twakwitaho ni: Acacia mearnsii, Acacia melanoxylon et n’amoko amwe n’amwe y’Inturusu nka Eucalyptus saligna, E. maideni, E. microcorys na E. grandis.
* **Kurinda no kubungabunga amashyamba mato ya cyimeza:** Kugira ngo umutugo usigaye utazimira, minisiteri ifite amashyamba mu shingano zayo ifatanije n’abakorana na yo mu birebana n’ibidukikije (REMA, ORTPN, Uturere n’abaterankunga) yagombye gukora ibarura rigamije kumenya aho ayo mashyamba yose aherereye no gushyiraho gahunda yerekeranye n’imicungire myiza kugira ngo hamenyekane ibikorwa byihutirwa byo kuyarinda.

## Ibindi

N’ubwo urwego rw’amashyamba rutanga amahirwe menshi mu birebana n’imizamukire y’ubukungu bw’igihugu, rufite zimwe mu ngorane zikwiriye gukemurwa kugira ngo u Rwanda rushobore kwifashisha ayo mahirwe. Ibangamirwa ry’ibanze ry’amashyamba ni cyane cyane ibibazo bijyanye n’imitegekere, urwego rw’amategeko rudahwitse n’ingufu nyinshi cyane zisabwa n’ubwiyongere bw’abaturage bigatuma gusatira no gutema amashyamba kubera imiturire, ubuhinzi n’inzuri.

## Amashakiro
PELIKANI

## PELIKANI

**Pelikani** ni ubwoko bw'inyoni zo mubwoko bwa pelcan.

ni umworozi utuye mubishanga no mubiyaga bito by'afika

no mumajyepfo ya alabiya, bigaragara ko yavuye muri 

madagasikari.

## TAXONOMY (IYITARUSANGE)
Palikani ishyigikiwe n'umuhondo y'asobanuwe ku mugaragaro

mu 1789 n'umudage witwa John Gmelin mu gitabo cye cyavuguruwe

na sisitemu ya Carl, yayishyize hamwe nabandi ba pelcans mubwoko 

bwa pelcanus ahimba izina rya binomial palecanus  

Gmelin yari yarasobanuye ibisobanuro mu 1785 akaba ari umuhanga 

mubijyanye n'imiterere no mu myororokere w'umwongereza 

john latham mugitabo cye k'imibumbe myinshi rusange. 

## IBISOBANURO
pelikani cyangwa se pelican mundimi za mahanga dukukunze

kwita inyange mu kinyarwanda ni inyoni ntoya ifite uburebure bwayo

kuva 125-155 cm amababa ni 2.15- 2.9M (7.8-9.2FT) ikaba ipima kuva

ku 4-7kg ikaba ifite 30-38 cm mu burebure  ikaba ifite ibara ryera.

## IMITURIRE N'UBWOROZI
Palikani ishyigikiwe n'umuhondo ikaba iboneka ahantu hatandukanye mu mazi,

ikaba ikunda amazi meza cyane kandi atuje maremare ikirinda inkombe 

z'ikiyaga ikirinda inkombe zifite ibimera, ihitamo ibiyaga by'amazi meza

ibishanga izuzi nziza z'amazi meza kandi zitemba gahoro hamwe n'ibidendezi,

iboneka rimwe na rimwe ku nkombe .

ni ubwoko bukunda korora no kororoka mu biti, ariko kandi bizerera kubirwa 

by'umucanga, mubitare , munyanja ya Kolari no kumucanga.

ibiti byo gutereramo amagi ibyari byinshyi byutswe hamwe, ibyo  byari

byongeye gukoreshwa buri mwaka kugeza igihe ibyo biti bisenyutse.

Nubwo ubusanzwe izo nyonyi ziguma muri akogace, ubwo bwoko

bugumaho mu biti, urubingo cyangwa mu bihuru bito kunkombe z'amazi

Icyari cyayo ni ikirundo kinini cy'inyoni kandi gishobora kuba 10-15m 

hejuru y'ubutaka. Igitsina gole gitera amagi manini 2 cyanga 3 hanyuma nyuma

inkoko zirisha zishira umutwe wazo mu mufuka zigafata mafi yangiritse.

## INDYO
Ubusanzwe ibiryo ni amafi (ubunini bwose bugera kuri 400mg mu bisanzwe

muri 80-290mg) na amphibia, kandi mubisanzwe mumafi yahigwaga nizi nyoni 

harimo cichlide ndetse nka hoplochrosm na tilapiya.
Mu mpera z'Ukuboza 2021 Umwuzure wa Bahia

Guhera ku ya 24 Ukuboza 2021, imvura yaguye mu majyaruguru y'uburasirazuba bwa Berezile leta ya Bahia byatumye habaho umwuzure ukabije. Abantu 21 barapfuye, mu gihe 358 bakomeretse naho 62,800 bavanwa mu byabo .    Kuri tweet, Guverineri wa Bahia, Rui Costa, yatangaje ko imyuzure ari "icyago gikomeye cyigeze kubaho mu mateka ya Bahia". Amakomine  ya Bahia yatangaje ibintu byihutirwa . 

Imvura yaguye ku murwa mukuru wa leta ya Salvador mu Kuboza yarenze  millimetero 250 (9.8 inches) ku ya 24 Ukuboza, yikubye inshuro eshanu ugereranyije n’amateka. Ku ya 26 Ukuboza, guverinoma ya leta ya Bahia na guverinoma ihuriweho na Berezile, ku bufatanye n’izindi nzego z’ibihugu, bagabye igitero cy’ubutabazi ku bahohotewe mu turere twibasiwe.  Ingomero ebyiri zasenyutse hagati ya 25 na 26 Ukuboza, ahitwa Jussiape na Itambé .  Umujyi wa Vitória da Conquista wibasiwe cyane. 

Amajyepfo ya Bahia yari yuzuyemo umwuzure mu ntangiriro z'uku kwezi na Subtropical Storm Ubá .

COVID-19 imiti n'inkingo byangijwe numwuzure. 

## Reba kandi

* Ikirere cyo mu 2021
* Urutonde rw'umwuzure wahitanye abantu benshi
* Umwuzure wo muri Berezile n'inkangu mu wa 2020

## Amashakiro
Umutungo w’Ibitanga Ingufu

## Intangiriro

U Rwanda rufite uburyo bwinshi cyane bwo kugera ku iterambere mu birebana n’ingufu– uhereye ku hashobora kuvanwa amashanyarazi akomoka ku ngufu z’amazi, umwuka witwa ‘’gaz methane’’, ingufu zitangwa n’imirasire y’izuba na nyiramugengeri iboneka mu bishanga. Umutungo utarabyazwa umusaruro ku birebana n’amashanyarazi ushobora kuba ungana na megawati 1.200.

## Ingufu

Inyinshi muri izi nkomoko z’ingufu ntizabyajwe umusaruro ku buryo buhagije. Muri ubwo buryo, inkwi ziracyari iza mbere mu guha ingufu abaturage 94 ku ijana, ibikomoka kuri peteroli bivanwa mu mahanga bitwara amafaranga arenze 40 ku ijana mu kuyavunja. - Ingufu ni ikintu kigize umasingi w’ubukungu. Birumvikana rero ko ingufu zitangwa ubungubu, zidahagije kandi zihenze, ari zo mbogamizi iterambere rirambye rifite.

## Vision 2020
Vision 2020 y’u Rwanda irashimangira ikenerwa ry’imizamukire mu bukungu, ishoramari ryo mu rwego rw’abigenga n’itunganywa ry’ubukungu rishyigikiwe n’itangwa ry’ingufu ryizewe kandi ridahenze nk’ikintu cy’ibanze mu bikorwa byo gushaka kugera ku iterambere. Kugira ngo iyo mitunganyirize igerweho, igihugu kizagomba kongera umusaruro werekeranye n’ingufu no kunyuranya ibitanga ingufu na byo binyuranye.

## Amashikiro
Umutungo w’Amazi n’Ahantu Hahehereye

## Intangiriro

Amazi afite akamaro gahambaye bitari gusa ku buzima bw’abantu, ahubwo na none ku nyamaswa, ubuhinzi, iterambere mu byerekeranye n’inganda, amashanyarazi akomoka ku ngufu z’amazi, ubwikorezi, iterambere ry’imibereho myiza y’abaturage n’iry’ubukungu n’ivanwaho ry’ubukene.

## Ibibaya
**U [[Rwanda]] rugabyemo ibibaya bibiri bitanga amazi by’ibanze :**  Nili mu burasirazuba igize 67 ku ijana kandi itanga 90 ku ijana by’amazi y’igihugu na Kongo mu burengerazuba igize 33 ku ijana ikanatunganya amazi yose y’igihugu. - Urwunge rw’imigezi n’ibiyaga by’igihugu ugizwe n’umubare mwinshi w’ibiyaga n’imigezi n’ahantu hahehereye habangikanye na byo. Ibarura rya vuba aha ry’ibishanga mu Rwanda ryakozwe mu 2008 ryabonye ibishanga 860, bitwikiriye ubuso rusange bwa 278 536 ha, ari byo10, 6 ku ijana by’ubuso bw’igihugu, ibiyaga 101 bitwikiriye 149487 ha, n’imigezi 861 ifite ibirometero 6462 by’uburebure (REMA 2008).

## Uko ahantu hahehereye hameze mu Rwanda
Ibishanga ni byo binyuranye mu buryo bw’imiterere no n’ubw’ubutabire kurusha ibindi bintu byose byerekeranye n’ibihumeka n’ibidahumeka bikoze ireme n’umwimerere by’ahantu mu rwego rw’ibidukikije biboneka mu mazi mu Rwanda. Muri ubwo buryo ni ahantu hahehereye hakurikijwe ibihe.Ibarura rya vuba aha ry’ahantu hahehereye ryakozwe mu 2008 ryerekanye ko u Rwanda rufite ibishanga 860 n’ibiyaga 101 bitwikiriye ubuso bwa 278.536 ha muri rusange (10,6 ku ijana by’ubuso bw’igihugu), n’i 149.487 ha, kuri buri kimwe. Iri barura nanone ryabonye imigezi 861, ifite igiteranyo cy’ibirometero 6.462 z’uburebure. 41 ku ijana by’ibishanga byabaruwe bitwikiriwe n’ibimera by’umwimerere, 53 ku ijana birimo ibihingwa, (ibi bikaba bigize hafi 148 344 ha) kandi hafi 6 ku ijana n’imirima yarajwe.

## Ibangamirwa ry’amazi n’iry’umutungo w’ahantu haheherereye

* Ingufu zihambaye, mu myaka ya vuba aha, zasabwe umutungo w’amazi n’uw’ahantu hahehereye kubera imikoreshereze inyuranye yadutse kandi yiyongeraga bitewe n’izamuka ry’ubwiyongere bw’abaturage. Zimwe muri izi mbogamizi zigizwe n’ikwirakwizwa ry’ubuhinzi, imyanda, kwinjizwa kw’amoko, ikoreshwa rikabije n’inzego z’ubuyobozi zidatunganye mu gucunga neza ahantu hahehereye. 
* Zimwe muri izi mbogamizi, mu birebana n’amazi, zagize ingaruka ku bwinshi n’ubwiza by’amazi aboneka. Imihindagurikire y’ikirere na yo ni impamvu y’iyangirika ry’ibishanga. Kubera igabanuka ry’imvura, imiterere y’amazi y’ahantu hahehereye irabangamiwe.

## Amashakiro
Umwuzure w'Abatagatifu bose mu wa (1170)

**Umwuzure w'abatagatifu bose bo mu 1170** ( **Allerheiligenvloed** ) wari umwuzure uteye ubwoba mu Buholandi wabaye mu 1170. Ibice binini byo mu majyaruguru y’Ubuholandi, n’intara z’Ubuholandi byari byarengewe n,umwuzure.

Umwuzure w’inyanja y'Amajyaruguru waremye ibirwa bya Wieringen na Texel . Ikiyaga cya Flevo cyahoze ari ikiyaga cy’amazi meza, ariko umuyoboro w'inyanja wafunguye umuyoboro uva mu nyanja y'Amajyaruguru ujya mu kiyaga unyuze muri Creil Woods, maze uhindura ikiyaga inyanja y’amazi y’umunyu uzwi ku izina rya Zuiderzee . Creiler woods cyazimiriye munsi yumuraba. Agace k'inyanja kariyongereye imbere mu Buholandi kandi ahantu hanini cyane haratera imbere, byatembanywe muburyo bworoshye.

Umwuzure watumye gutura kwa Rotta (uwabanjirije Rotterdam ) bidashobora guturwa,  kandi biranga intangiriro ya Amsterdam, aho ako gace kiyongereye aho gahurira n’inyanja, ndetse n’aho hubatswe urugomero muri Amstel kugira ngo urinde ubutaka imyuzure izaza. 

## Reba kandi

* Umwuzure mu Buholandi

## Amashakiro

* Gutsindwa gukomeye kwa Roma, Isubiramo -Umwuzure w'Abatagatifu bose mu wa 1170 . Dosiye yagaruwe ku ya 11 Werurwe 2007.
* Buisman, Jan, *Duizend jaar weer, umuyaga en water muri de Lage Landen (Deel 1: tot 1300)* ,
Imyuzure muri Burezili n'inkangu mu wa 2022

Mu mwaka wa 2022, muri Berezile habaye imyuzure n’inkangu bikomeye.

## Mu mpera za Mutarama - mu ntangiriro za Gashyantare
Kuva ku ya 28 Mutarama kugeza ku ya 3 Gashyantare, imyuzure n’inkangu byahitanye abantu 28  muri Berezile.   

## Hagati muri Gashyantare

Ku ya 15 Gashyantare, imvura nyinshi muri Petrópolis, Rio de Janeiro yahitanye nibura abantu 231.   

## Gicurasi

Kuva ku ya 27 kugeza ku ya 28 Gicurasi, imvura nyinshi muri Recife na Zona da Mata, Pernambuco yahitanye nibura abantu 106  .    Nibura abantu 5,000 bavanywe mu byabo. 

## Reba kandi

* Ikirere cya 2022
* Burezili imyuzure mu wa 2020

## Amashakiro
Umwuzure muri Bukavu mu wa 2022

**Itariki:** 22 Gashyantare 2022–16 Werurwe 2022
**Ahantu:** Bukavu, Kivu yepfo, Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo

**Abapfuye:** 16

Mu ntangiriro z'umwaka wa  2022, imvura nyinshi yateye imyuzure myinshi yibasira umujyi wa Bukavu, Kivu y'Amajyepfo, Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo . 

## Ibyabaye
Ku ya 22 Gashyantare 2022, abantu batandatu barimo abana bane bapfuye nyuma y'imvura nyinshi yateje umwuzure. 

Ku ya 16 Werurwe, umwuzure wibasiye Umujyi wa Bukavu no mu turere tuyikikije mu Ntara ya Kivu y'Amajyepfo, ku nkombe z'ikiyaga cya Kivu no hafi y'umupaka w'u Rwanda .  Ibitangazamakuru byaho byatangaje ko amazu, imihanda n'ibinyabiziga byangiritse. Amazi y'umwuzure akomeye yatwaye imodoka n'imyanda ibijugunya mu kiyaga cya Kivu . Kamwe mu turere twibasiwe cyane ni komini ya Kadutu . Abantu  barishwe kandi amazu amagana arasenywa. 

## Amashakiro
Ibicanwa mu Rwanda

## Intangiriro

Igice kinini cy’ingufu zikoreshwa mu Rwanda none kiracyagizwe n’inkwi (80,4 ku ijana). Ni muri ubwo buryo hari itemwa ry’amashyamba riteye inkeke mu gihugu rifite ingaruka ku bidukikije. Ubushobozi bwo kubona amashanyarazi y’imbere mu gihugu ni buke cyane, megawati 72.445 hakoreshejwe uburyo bwose bushoboka. 2 ku ijana gusa by’abaturage ni byo bishobora kubona amashanyarazi, ku buryo hari umusaruro w’igihugu w’amashanyarazi ubura ibirenze mirongo 50% by’amashanyarazi bikavanwa muri Congo.

## ibitanga ibicanwa mu Rwanda

Urwego rw’ibicanrwa mu Rwanda rugizwe n’ingingo eshatu: **ikwi**, **amashanyarazi**, ibikomoka kuri **peteroli** n’**ibitanga ingufu bishyashya n’ibyisubiranya** - Mu bitanga ingufu byisubiranya dufite ibikomoka ku binyabuzima (biomass), imirasire y’izuba, nyiramugengeri, umuyaga, ingufu ziva mu butaka (géothermie) n’amashanyarazi aturuka ku mazi. Ibikomoka ku binyabuzima bimaze kuba bikeya mu gihe igihugu kirimo gihura no gutakaza ibikomoka ku binyabuzima bigera kuri miliyoni metero kibe 4 ku mwaka. - N’ubwo imikoreshereze y’inkwi zo gucana yagombye kwiyongera mu gihe giciriritse, ingamba z’igihe kirekire za EDPRS zigamije kugabanya imikoreshereze y’inkwi zo gucana kuva kuri 94 kugera kuri 50 ku ijana mu mpera za 2020.

## amashanyarazi

U Rwanda ruvana hanze hafi 15,5 MW z’amashanyarazi hakoreshejwe kwambukiranya imipaka ya RDC n’iya SINELAC na hafi 3MW ziva mu Bugande. N’ubwo hari ingufu z’amashanyarazi zituruka hanze, umutungo w’ amashanyarazi uburaho 50%. Mu 2004 hinjijwe amashanyarazi angana hafi na 380 MWh z’amashanyarazi atangwa. Ibura ry’amashanyarazi ryateye kuyimana buri gihe. Kuyimana bibaho igihe amasosiyete atanga amashanyarazi agaritse kuyatanga kuri bamwe mu bafatabuguzi.

## nyiramugengeri
U Rwanda ruracyafite nyiramugengeri ibarirwa kuri toni ‘’tonne’’ miliyoni 155, bityo rukaba rufite ubushobozi bwo gusimbura inkwi, amakara na mazutu. - Ariko, hagomba gusuzumwa ingaruka ku bidukikije z’ubucukuzi hagamijwe ubucuruzi mbere y’uko nyiramugengeri ishobora gukoreshwa nk’ingufu nsimbura nyazo.

## Amashakiro
Nyiramugengeri

## Ubusobanuro

**Nyiramugengeri** ni ubwoko bw'amashanyarazi aho ingufu z'ubushyuhe zihinduka ingufu z'amashanyarazi, zikoresha ingufu ziterwa n'imashini ikora ku mwuka w'ubushyuhe ikoreshwa n'amabuye y'agaciro, gas kamere, amavuta ashyushye, ndetse n'ibikomoka ku bimera.

## Aho tuyisanga mu [[Rwanda]]

### Gishoma Peat Plant
Uruganda rubyaza amashanyarazi nyiramugengeri rwa Gishoma ruherereye mu karere ka Rusizi rwatangiye gutanga amashanyarazi ku murongo mugari w’igihugu, bivuze ko rwamaze kuzura, binyuze murunganda Gishoma Peat Plant.

### Power Yumn Ltd
Mu gihe mu Karere ka Gisagara hari kubakwa uruganda runini ruzabyaza amashanyarazi nyiramugengeri, hari abibaza niba iyo nyiramugengeri itazashira, amashanyarazi yifashishwaga akagabanuka mu gihugu, binyuze muri Power Yumn Ltd.

### Punj Lloyd Ltd
Punj Lloyd Ltd; company iturutse mu buhindi basinye amasezerano y’umushinga wo kubyaza nyiramugengeri zo mu ntara y’amajyepfo i Busoro ingufu z’amashanyarazi zingana na megawati 100.

## Ibindi
Uru ruganda ngo ruzaba rufite amashanyarazi angana na MW 15 azakoreshwa mu bice binyuranye. harimo amwe azafasha uruganda rwa CIMERWA ruri kubwaka mu murenge wa Muganza mu karere ka Rusizi, kandi  Akarere ka Gisagara kari gasanzwe gafite ingo 16.000 zifite amashanyarazi, ni ukuvuga 20.2% by’abaturage b’aka Karere ikindi yu mushinga uzakorerwa mu ntara y’Amajyepfo ahitwa i Busoro, ukaba uzatwara miliyoni 371 z’amadorari ukazabyazwa megawat 100 z’amashanyarazi.

## Amashakiro
Umwuzure w'Uburasirazuba bw'Ubushinwa mu wa 1991

Mu icyi (imeshyi) ryo mu 1991, imvura nyinshi mu burasirazuba bw’Ubushinwa yatumye imigezi n’ibihingwa birengerwa kandi bitera umwuzure muri ako gace, bituma leta y’Ubushinwa isaba ubufasha mpuzamahanga.

## Amavu n'amavuko
Imvura nyinshi yatangiye guhera ku ya 18 Gicurasi yahise ituma uturere two mu burasirazuba bw'Ubushinwa dutangira kurengerwa n'amazi; ariko, raporo z’umwuzure muri kariya gace zatangiye gukemurwa ku mugaragaro ahagana mu mpera za Kamena. By'umwihariko, imigezi ya Huai, Chu, na Yangtze yitirire umwuzure nyamukuru wavuyemo ukwangirika gukomey mu intara za Anhui, Jiangsu, na Henan.  Guverinoma y'Ubushinwa yabanje kohereza  itsinda ry'abasirikari kugira ngo bafashe mu bikorwa byo gutabara no gutabara umwuzure, ariko kubera ko umubare w'amazu na hegitari y'ibihingwa byangiritse byiyongera gahoro gahoro, guverinoma y'Ubushinwa yitabaje ibindi bihugu, isaba ubufasha mu gutabara umwuzure. 

Ku ya 3 Nzeri 1991, Ishami ry’umuryango w’abibumbye ryita ku bantu (ubu rizwi ku izina ry’umuryango w’abibumbye rishinzwe guhuza ibikorwa by’ikiremwamuntu ) ryatangaje ko abapfuye ari 556 mu ntara ya Anhui, 260 mu ntara ya Jiangsu, na 94 muri intara ya Henan .  Mu mpera za Mutarama umwaka utaha, New York Times yatangaje ko abapfuye bagera ku 3,000. 

## Amashakiro
Habona Ltd

## Intangiriro
ikigo gikora ibijyanye no gukusanya imyanda mu mujyi wa Nyamagabe kikayibyazamo ibicanwa birimo amakara azwi nka ‘Briquettes’, zitangiza ibidukikije, biogas yo gutekesha n’ifumbire y’imborera ifasha abahinzi guhinga neza cya nshinzwe na Nzeyimana Jean  Bosco.

### Nzeyimana Jean  Bosco
Nzeyimana Jean  Bosco ni umusore wo mu Karere ka Nyamagabe mu Murenge wa Kitabi, Yize ibijyanye n’imicungire y’umutungo (Business Administration), yashinze ikigo yise “Habona Ltd, Yahanze uyu murimo ubwo yigaga mu mwaka wa gatatu muri kaminuza, kuri ubu akaba amaze guha akazi abagera kuri 25, aho avuga ko bafite intego yo kugera ku bicanwa birengera ibidukikije bigera ku 10% y’ibikoreshwa mu Rwanda mu gihe cy’imyaka itanu.

## Umushinga
NZeyimana avuga ko yatekereje uyu mushinga nyuma yo kubona ko mu mujyi avukamo hari imyanda iba yandagaye hirya no hino kandi yabyazwamo ikindi kintu kikamugirira akamaro ndetse n’abahatuye bakabona ibicanwa kandi n’umujyi ugasa neza, yuma yo gusuzuma ibi bicanwa, abantu barabikunze ndetse biva ku rwego rwo gusuzumwa bigera aho mbona igihembo cya “African Innovation Prize” cyari miliyoni 2, iki cyaramfashije cyane gushaka udukoresho tw’ibanze. Barebaga abanyeshuri bafite ibitekerezo byiza banabashije kugira icyo bakora icyanjye kiba icya mbere.

## Ibindi
ubwo yari afite imyaka 19, byatumye agira amahirwe yo kuganira n’ibihangange ku isi avuga ko kuba yarabashije kwitabira iyi nama akanaganira n’aba bakomeye ku isi biri mu byamwaguriye amarembo mu gukomeza kwagura ibikorwa bye, ati “kuganira na Obama ikintu cya mbere byamfashije ni ukumugeraho, namubwiye ibyo nkora arabyumva angira inama kandi bitewe n’aho naba ngeze bibaye ngombwa ko yafasha cyangwa se nkwiye kumunyuraho ngo mbe nabona ubufasha, yarabinyemereye n’ubwo ntari wa wundi ugenda asabiriza.

## Amashakiro
Umwuzure muri Haiti mu wa 2022

Hagati ya 31 Mutarama kugeza 1 Gashyantare, imvura nyinshi muri Haiti yateje imyuzure . Ku ya 1 Gashyantare, abantu batanu bahitanywe n’umwuzure abandi bantu baburirwa irengero.   

Ku ya 7 Werurwe, inkubi y'umuyaga yibasiye intara ya Porto Plata yo muri Repubulika ya Dominikani ndetse n'ishami rya Nord rya Haiti, hapfa Abanyayayiti 2. 

Ku ya 1 Nzeri, umwuzure washenye amazu arenga 350 uhitana abantu 3 mu ishami rya Ouest . 

## Reba kandi

* Ikirere cya 2022

## Amashakiro
Ishyamba rya Busaga

## Intangiriro
Ishyamba kimeza rya Busaga riherereye mu Mudugudu wa Muyebe, mu Kagali ka Ruhango, Umurenge wa Rongi, mu Karere ka Muhanga. Ishyamba kimeza rya Busaga rifite ubuso bwa Hegitari 154, niryo ryonyine rigaragara mu Karere ka Muhanga, kuko andi mashyamba ahari ni ay’abaturage bateye.

## Ishyamba

Abaturiye ishyamba kimeza rya Busaga bavuga ko mbere y’uko rishyirwa mu hantu nyaburanga, abaturage barijyagamo bakaryangiza, kuko bicaga inyamaswa bakanatema ibiti biririmo bashaka gutashya inkwi.Bakavuga ko aho rishyiriwe mu hantu nyaburanga, ryashyizweho uruzitiro n’abarinzi nta muturage n’umwe ubasha kwinjiramo, keretse abaje gusoromamo imiti gakondo gusa.  umwe mu baturiye ishyamba akaba ari n’umurinzi waryo, avuga ko nta muturage utinyuka ngo abashe kwinjiramo kuko atinya Ubuyobozi bw’inzego z’ibanze mu Mudugudu, mu Kagari, Umurenge, abarinzi cyangwa abaturage.

## Umiti

enshi mu baturage bamaze gusobanukirwa n’akamaro ribafitiye, kuko usibye imiti gakondo bakuramo, ishyamba rikurura imvura no mu gihe abatuye mu bindi bice baba batayifite bo bakayibona no mu gihe cy’impeshyi.Hareshya ba Mukerarugendo kuva mu mwaka wa 2013. Ni ishyamba rikomye, ririmo amoko atandukanye y’inyamaswa, inyoni n’ibiti bya kimeza birebire, avuga ko usibye kuba ribazanira imvura, abavuzi ba gakondo ariho bakura imiti yo kuvura abarwayi n’amatungo yabo.

## Inyamaswa
Iri shyamba kandi ribamo amoko y’inyamaswa atandukanye arimo inkima, imondo, impimbi, ingunzu, hakabamo inuma, ibuhunyira, ubwoko bw’inzoka zirimo impoma, incarwatsi n’imbarabara. Abarituriye bavuga ko mu biti by’ingenzi birebire biri muri iri shyamba, harimo umwavu, umuyove, umusebeya, n’umurangara.

## Amashakiro
Ishyamba rya Ibanda-Makera

## Intangiriro
Ishyamba kimeza rya Ibanda-Makera riherereye mu Kagari ka Nasho, Umurenge wa Mpanga mu Karere ka Kirehe ringana na hegitari 169 ririmo gutegurirwa kugirwa ahantu nyaburanga hakurura abakerarugendo.

## Ishyamba
Iri shyamba ririmo inyamaswa zitandukanye, n’ubwoko 124 bw’ibiti, ibishanga bikomoka k’umugezi w’Akagera n’akagezi ka Makera.Muri iri shyamba kandi harimo inyamaswa z’ubwoko butandukanye nk’inkende, inkima, inzoka, isatura, ingwe, isha n’inyoni. Ibigaragaza ko aha hantu haramutse hagizwe nyaburanga hakurura abakerarugendo binjiriza igihugu amadevize. Umuturage uturiye isi shyamba witwa Mbabariye François ahamya ko ajya abonamo inyamaswa nyinshi. Ati “Iri shyamba ndarizi kuko ndarituriye, ribamo inyamaswa nyinshi.

## Ibanda-Makera
Nubwo bimeze bitya ariko iri shyamba ngo riracyatemwa n’abantu baba bashaka gutwikamo amakara yo gucana no kugurisha, ubu hakaba harimo gukorwa ubukangurambaga bugamije gufasha abaturage gukoresha ubundi buryo bwo gucana badakoresheje ibiti.

## Amashakiro
Umwuzure wa Irani mu wa 2022

Mu mpera za Nyakanga 2022, Irani yibasiwe n’umwuzure ndetse n'inkangu  yibasiye imijyi n’imidugudu 400 yo mu ntara 21 za 31 za Irani, kandi isenya amazu arenga 20.000.   Mu ntara za Mazandaran na Yazd, impfu zari nyinshi. Nibura abantu 95 bapfuye abandi barenga 200 baburirwa irengero.  

## Ibyabaye

Ku ya 11 Nyakanga, ubutumwa bwo gutabara nka Crescent ya Irani yagiye gufasha imiryango yo mu midugudu 51 yo mu ntara ya Sistan na Baluchistan . 

Ku ya 6 Kanama 2022, umwuzure wibasiye Imamzadeh . 

## Reba kandi

* Umwuzure ukomeye wa Irani, umwuzure wo muri 1954 muri Irani
* Umwuzure wo muri Pakisitani mu wa 2022, ibiza byabaye mugihe kimwe.

## Amashakiro
Umwuzure ukomeye wa Irani

**Umwuzure ukomeye wa Irani** wari umwuzure uteye ubwoba wabaye ku ya 17 Kanama 1954 muri Irani . Ni umwe mu myuzure yahitanye abantu benshi mu mateka, havugwa ko hapfuye abantu 2000 kugeza ku 10,000. Ikigo cy’igihugu cy’inyanja n’ikirere cyashyize ku rutonde rw’ibihe by’ikirere ku isi mu kinyejana cya 20. 

## Urupfu
Mu ikubitiro, *ikinyamakuru cyo muri* , gifite icyicaro mu mujyi wa New York, cyatangaje ko abantu 2000 bakekwaho kuba barapfuye.  Amwe mu masoko ya nyuma avuga ko abagera ku 10,000 bapfuye bazize umwuzure.   Inkomoko nyinshi zo muri iki gihe, zivuga ko abahohotewe bagera ku 2000. 

## Ihuza ryo hanze
Mutarama 2012 Umwuzure wa Fiji

Itariki: ya 21 Mutarama - 12 Gashyantare 2012
Ahantu: Viti Levu (cyane cyane mu burengerazuba), Vanua Levu

Urupfu: Abantu nibura 8 bapfuye, 3,500 bahuye n'ingaruka

Umutungo wangiritse: miliyoni 17.2 $ (2012 USD)

Fiji yibasiwe n’umwuzure ukomeye muri Mutarama 2012.

## Ubumenyi bw'ikirere
Ku ya 19 Mutarama, ikigo cya RSMC Nadi gishinzwe ubumenyi bw’ikirere cya Fiji cyatangaje ko Ihungabana ry’ubushyuhe 06F, ryateje imbere umuyaga mwinshi w’umuvuduko muke uherereye mu majyaruguru ya Fiji.  Mu minsi mike yakurikiyeho, imvururu zerekeje mu majyepfo mbere yuko zitera kwiheba mu turere dushyuha kandi zambuka Vanua Levu muri Mutarama 21.  Bimaze kurenga Vanua Levu ihungabana ryakomeje guhagarara mu bice byo hagati mu gihugu bituma imvura nyinshi n’umuyaga mwinshi hejuru ya Fiji yo mu majyaruguru no mu burasirazuba kugeza ku ya 25 Mutarama, ubwo yagabanutse maze itangira kwimukira mu majyepfo y’iburasirazuba. 

## Imyiteguro n'ingaruka
Imvura nyinshi yaguye hagati mu kwezi yateje umwuzure utigeze ubaho ndetse n'inkangu, bituma hamenyekana ko ibintu byihutirwa byatangajwe mu mpera z'ukwezi. Umwuzure wabaye mubi mu burengerazuba bw'ikirwa kinini cya Viti Levu . 

Bivugwa ko abantu umunani bapfiriye mu mwuzure, abenshi muri bo bakaba bari ku kirwa kinini,  kandi abantu ibihumbi n’ibihumbi barimuwe, abantu bagera ku 3,500 bashyirwa mu buhungiro bw’agateganyo.  Amashanyarazi n'amazi byaciwe ahantu henshi, imihanda iratwarwa. Ibindi byangiritse ku bihingwa no ku bindi bikorwa remezo.

Ibiro bishinzwe imicungire y’ibiza byatangaje ko uduce twa Nadi na Lautoka (imijyi ya kabiri n’iya gatatu mu gihugu), Ba, Sigatoka, na Rakiraki ari byo byibasiwe cyane, byose bikaba byatangajwe ko biri mu byago.

Birashoboka ko ibyangijwe n’umwuzure byongerewe n’imihindagurikire y’imikoreshereze y’ubutaka byagaragaye ko kwiyongera kwinshi kw’amazi yatembye. 

Ibigo bitabara imbabare Croix-Rouge byo muri Fijiyani byagabanije abafite ibibazo by’ubutabazi bwihutirwa, kandi bagenzi babo bo muri Ositaraliya na Nouvelle-Zélande bagiye bafasha mu gukusanya inkunga n’ubushobozi bwo gutanga inama, hamwe n’inzobere mu bijyanye n’amazi n’isuku muri Ositaraliya zagize uruhare mu gutanga amazi meza. 

## Reba kandi

* Igihe cy'umuyaga wa pasifika yepfo mu wa 2011-12 

## Amashakiro
Imenyesha ry'umwuzure

**Imenyesha ry’umwuzure** ritangwa n’inzego z’ikirere kugira ngo imenyeshe abaturage ko imyuzure ishobora kubaho.

## Ubwoko bw'imenyesha ry'umwuzure muri Amerika
Muri Amerika, isaha y’umwuzure itangwa n’ikigo cy’igihugu gishinzwe ikirere (NWS) igihe ikirere kimeze neza kubera imvura nyinshi ishobora gutera umwuzure cyangwa umwuzure w'igihe gito kitarengeje amasaha 6 bitewe n'imvura.  Isaha ntabwo isobanura ko umwuzure uri bubeho, gusa imiterere y'ikirere cyaremye ahubwo kigena ingaruka zikomeye kuri yo. Niba umwuzure ubaye, integuza y'umwuzure cyangwa  umwuzure w'igihe gito utegujwe watanzwa haba  hagomba gufatwa ingamba zihuse. Imenyesha ry'umwuzure cyangwa umwuzure w'igihe gito utanzwe mugihe umwuzure wegereje cyangwa umaze kuba. Iyo imiburo y’umwuzure itanzwe, bivuze ko inzira z’amazi zishobora kuba vuba mu mwuzure. Ntabwo amasaha yose y’umwuzure yerekana ko umwuzure ari munini, nko mugihe cy’imvura yo mu turere dushyuha, bishoboka.

## Imenyesha ry'umwuzure mu bindi bihugu
Muri Kanada, iburira ry'imvura nyinshi , ryerekana ko imvura iteganijwe *ishobora* gutera umwuzure , ifite ubusobanuro bumwe n’isaha y’umwuzure.

Muri Ositaraliya, Biro y’ikirere itanga isaha y’umwuzure ikubiyemo ibintu bisa n’amasaha y’umwuzure muri Amerika. Ariko, bazwi n'amazina atandukanye ho gato mubice bimwe.

Mu Burayi, hariho gahunda yo kurwanya umwuzure w’iburayi n’ibicuruzwa by’ubucuruzi birimo porogaramu na serivisi z'amakuru y'Imenyesha ry'umwuzure .

## Reba kandi

* Guteganya umwuzure

## Amashakiro