Ibihugu byo mu turere dushyuha mu mikino Olempike y'itumba

Ibihugu byinshi byomu turere dushyuha byitabiriye imikino Olempike y'itumba nubwonta kirere gifite cyokuyikoresha mugihe cy'itumba . Impamvu imwe nuko ibyobitabiriye ari inkuru zishishikaje abantu mu gihe cy'imikino.   

Igihugu cyambere cy’ubushyuhe, arikokitari icy’ubushyuhe bwuzuye, cyitabiriye imikino Olempike y’itumba ni Megizike . Igice kinini cya Megizike kiri mumajyaruguru y’Uburengerazuba bwa Tropic of Cancer, kandi igice kinini cy’igihugu gifite ikirere cy’imisozi miremire cyangwa ikirere cy’ubushyuhe, bityo si igihugu cy’ubushyuhe gusa. Nubwo bimezebityo, Megizike yakinnye imikino Olempike y’itumba mu mikino Olempike y’itumba yo mu 1928  ifite ikipe y’abakinnyi batanu ba bobsleigh, yarangije ari iya cumi n’imwe murimakumyabiri na batatu bitabiriye.  Megizike ntiyagarutse mu mikino y’itumba kugeza ku mikino Olempike y’itumba yo mu 1984. 

Igihugu cyambere cy’ubushyuhe cyitabiriye imikino Olempike y’itumba ni Filipine, yohereje abasiganwa babiri bomumisozi miremire mumikino Olempike y’itumba yo mu 1972 yabereye i Sapporo, mu Buyapani .  Ben Nanasca yaje ku mwanya wa 42 mugusiganwa ku rubura nini cyane (mu bitabiriye 73), naho Juan Cipriano ntiyarangije. Mugusiganwa ku rubura, nta n'umwe mu basiganwa bo mu misozi washoboye kurangiza. Costa Rica yabaye igihugu cya kabiri cyo mu turere dushyuha cyitabiriye imikino y’itumba, mu mikino Olempike y’itumba yo mu 1980 yabereye i Lake Placid, New York,  aho Arturo Kinch yanitabiriye imikino yogusiganwa ku rubura. Kinch yazakomeza guhatanira Costa Rica mu yindi mikino itatu y’itumba, harimo n’imikino Olempike y’itumba yo mu 2006 afite imyaka 49. Aho niho yarangije ari uwa 96 mu myaka 15&nbsp;Irushanwa ryo gusiganwa ku rubura mu misozi miremire ya km, ribanziriza Prawat Nagvajara yo muri Tayilande gusa, ikindi gihugu gishyuha.  

Olempike y'itumba yomu 1988 yabereye i Calgary, Alberta, muri Kanada yakuruye ibihugu byinshi byo mu turere dushyuha, birimo Kosita Rika, Fiji, Guam, Gwatemala, Jamayika, Antilles zo mu Buholandi, Filipine, Porto Rico, n'Ibirwa bya Virgin bya Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika .  Ikipe ya bobsleigh ya Jamayika yakunze abafana muriyimikino  ndetse nyumayaho yajekuba intandaro ya filime *Cool Runnings* yomu 1993. Mumikino Olempike y'itumba yo mu 1994 nyuma y'imyaka itandatu, umukinnyi wa Jamayika witwa four-man sled yabonye umwanya wa cumi n'ine, imbere ya Leta Zunze Ubumwe z'Amerika n'Uburusiya, mu gihe Lascelles Brown wavukiye muri Jamayika yatsindiye Canada umwenda wa feza mu 2006.

Olempike y'itumba yomu 2006 yabereye i Turin mu Butaliyani niyoyabaye iyambere mumikino y'itumba muri Etiyopiya  na Madagasikari .  Olempike y'itumba yo mu 2010 yabereye i Vancouver, British Columbia, muri Kanada niyo yabaye iya mbere mu birwa bya Cayman, Kolombiya, Peru,  na Ghana .  Olempike y'itumba yo mu 2014 niyoyabaye iyambere mu mikino ya Dominica, Paraguay, Timor-Leste, Togo, Tonga, na Zimbabwe . Olempike y'itumba yo mu 2018 niyo yabaye iya mbere mumikino ya Ekwateri, Eritrea, Maleziya, Nijeriya, na Singapuru . Olempike y'itumba yo mu 2022 niyo yabaye iya mbere muri Hayiti . Olempike y'itumba yo mu 2026 niyo yabaye iya mbere muri Benin na Guinea-Bissau .

Kuya 14 Gashyantare 2026, umukinnyi womumisozi miremire witwa Lucas Pinheiro Braathen, wavukiye muri Noruveje ku mubyeyi w’Umunyabrezili akaba na se w’Umunyanoruveje, yabaye umukinnyi wa mbere wo muri Amerika y’Epfo, Amerika y’Epfo na Brezili ndetse n’umukinnyi wa mbere uhagarariye igihugu icyo aricyo cyose gishyuha watsindiye umudari mumikino Olempike y’itumba afite zahabu mwirushanwa rikomeye ry’abagabo rya slalom . Pinheiro Braathen ni Umunyabezili na Noruveje kandi yahoze ahatanira Noruveje, ariko nyuma azakwerekeza muri Brezili.   

## Urutonde rw'ibihugu bishyuha byitabiriye

Ururutonde rw'ibihugu rurimo ibinyoma byose cyangwa byiganjemo  muturere dushyuha kandi bifite ikirere gishyuha cyanecyane hakurikijwe uburyo bwa Köppen bwogushyira mu byiciro ikirere . Haragaragazwa ubwitabire bw'imyaka ya Olempike y'itumba.

Ibindibihugu bishyushye (biherereye muturere dushyuha, urugero) byitabiriye imikino y'itumba birimo Ositaraliya (ifite akarere gashyuha cyane mumajyaruguru, ikabayarabaye igihugu cya mbere cyo mu majyepfo y'isi cyatsindiye umudari wa zahabu mumikino Olempike y'itumba mu 2002 ), Bermuda, Taipei y'Ubushinwa, Eswatini, Hong Kong, Ubuhinde, Mexique, Afurika y'Epfo, Uruguay n'ibindi bihugu byinshi byo muri Afurika y'Amajyaruguru birimo Alijeriya, Misiri na Maroc .

Tonga yashatse kugaragara mumikino Olempike y'itumba mumikino Olempike yo mu gihe cy'itumba yo mu 2010 yinjiza umukinnyi umwe mu irushanwa, bikurura abantu bamwe mu itangazamakuru, ariko yaguye mucyiciro cyanyuma cy'amajonjora.  Nyuma y'imyaka ibiri, yongeye gukurura abantu mu itangazamakuru ubwo byagaragaraga koyahinduye izinarye aryiyita umwe mu baterankunga be, ikigo cy'imyenda y'imbere, nk'umucuruzi. Icyogihe yari mumyitozo yo kugerageza kwinjira mu mikino Olempike y'itumba yo mu 2014.  

## Umudari ukomoka mu bihugu byo mu turere dushyuha
 

## Abakinnyi ba Olempike bazwi cyane mu gihe cy'itumba baturutse mu bihugu bishyuha

## Imikino ya Paralempike y'itumba
Kugezamu 2022, ibihugu bitatu byomuturere dushyuha ni byo byahagarariwe mu mikino ya Paralympic y'itumba .  Tofiri Kibuuka womuri Uganda yitabiriye umukino wo gusiganwa ku rubura mu mikino ya Paralympic y'itumba mu 1976 no mu mikino yo mu 1980.  Nyuma y'uko Kibuuka abonye ubwenegihugu bwa Noruveje, yatangiye guhatanira Noruveje mu mikino Paralympic kuvamu 1984, atsindira imidari myinshi mu mikino ngororamubiri mu mikino Paralympic y'impeshyi . Brezili yohereje abakinnyi babiri mumukino wayo wa mbere muri Paralympic y'itumba ya 2014. Porto Rico yohereje umukinnyi umwemumukino wayo wa mbere muri Paralympic y'itumba ya 2022. El Salvador na Haiti biteganijwe kugaragara muri Paralympic y'itumba ya 2026, buri mukinnyi umwe, bikongeraho ibihugu bine byomuturere dushyuha, byinshi kugezubu.

## Imikino Olempike y'ingimbi n'abangavu mu gihe cy'itumba
Ibihugu bitanubyo muturere dushyuha byahagarariwe mumikino Olempike yambere y'urubyiruko mu gihe cy'itumba yabereye muri Innsbruck, muri Otirishiya .

Mumwaka wa 2020, Diego Amaya womuri Kolombiya yegukanye umudari wa feza mwirushanwa ryo gusiganwa ku maguru ry’abahungu . Nubwambere mumateka umukinnyi womugihugu gishyuha n’umunyamerika y’Epfo begukanye umudari mu irushanwa rya Olempike ry’itumba.  Nyuma y’imyaka ine, Agnese Campeol womuri Tayilande yegukanye umudari wa feza mu irushanwa ry’abagore rya bobsleigh,  naho Zion Bethônico wo muri Brezili yegukana umudari wa bronze mwirushanwa ry’abagabo ryo gusiganwa kurubura . 

## Reba kandi

* Urutonde rw'ibihugu byitabiriye imikino Olempike y'itumba
* Umukinnyi w'umukerarugendo

## Inyandiko


## Amareferensi