Imiterere y'uRwanda

**U Rwanda** ruherereye muri Afurika rwagati, mu burasirazuba bwa Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo. Kuri kilometero kare 26,338 , u Rwanda nicyo gihugu cya 149 kinini ku isi. Ruragereranywa mu bunini na Haiti cyangwa leta ya https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MassachusettsMassachusetts muri Amerika.   Igihugu cyose kiri ku butumburuke: ahantu hasi cyane ni uruzi rwa Rusizi kuri metero 950 hejuru yinyanja.

U Rwanda ruherereye muri Afurika yo hagati / Uburasirazuba, ruhana imbibi na Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo mu burengerazuba, Uganda mu majyaruguru, Tanzaniya mu burasirazuba, n'Uburundi mu majyepfo.  Irambaraye kuri dogere nkeya mumajyepfo ya ekwateri kandi idafunze .  Umurwa mukuru, Kigali, uherereye hafi y'u Rwanda rwagati. 

## Ibintu nyamukuru biranga geografiya

 
Amazi hagati y’ibibaya binini by’amazi ya Nongo na Nili aturuka mu majyaruguru yerekeza mu majyepfo anyuze mu Rwanda, aho hafi 80% by’akarere kanyuze muri Nili na 20 ku ijana muri Kongo unyuze ku ruzi rwa Rusizi.  Umugezi muremure muri iki gihugu ni Nyabarongo, uzamuka mu majyepfo y'iburengerazuba, utemba ugana mu majyaruguru, mu burasirazuba, no mu majyepfo y'uburasirazuba mbere yo guhuza Akanyaru ugakora Akagera ; Akagera noneho gatemba kerekeza mu majyaruguru k'umupaka wiburasirazuba na Tanzaniya. Nyabarongo-Akagera gasoza gatemba mu kiyaga cya Victoria. Isoko yayo mu ishyamba rya Nyungwe ni umwe mu bahatanira isoko rusange ya Nili kugeza ubu itaramenyekana. 

U Rwanda rufite ibiyaga byinshi, ikiyaga kinini n'ikiyaga cya Kivu . Iki kiyaga gifite igorofa ya Albertine Rift hafi yuburebure bwumupaka wiburengerazuba bw'u Rwanda, kandi ubujyakuzimu bwa metero 480,  ni kimwe mu biyaga makumyabiri byimbitse kwisi .  Ibindi biyaga binini birimo Burera,Ruhondo, Muhazi, Rweru, na Ihema, icya nyuma kikaba kinini mu mugozi w’ibiyaga byo mu bibaya byo mu burasirazuba bwa Parike ya Akagera . 

Imisozi yiganje mu RwandaRwanda rwagati no mu burengerazuba. Iyi misozi ni igice cyimisozi ya Albertine Rift yegeranye nishami rya Albertine rya Rift yo muri Afrika yuburasirazuba . Iri shami riva mu majyaruguru ugana mu majyepfo ku mupaka w’iburengerazuba.  Impinga ndende ziboneka mu ruhererekane rw'ibirunga rwa Virunga mu majyaruguru y'uburengerazuba; ibi birimo umusozi wa Karisimbi, ahantu 4,507 metres (14,787 Rwanda, kuri 4,507 metres (14,787 ft) . 

Iki gice cy’iburengerazuba cyu Rwanda, kiri mu mashyamba ya Albertine Rift,  gifite uburebure bwa metero 1,500 kugeza kuri metero 2,500.  Hagati y’igihugu higanjemo imisozi izenguruka, mu gihe umupaka w’iburasirazuba ugizwe na savanna, ibibaya n’ibishanga. 

U Rwanda rufite ubushyuhe bwo hejuru y'ikirere, n'ubushyuhe hasi, n'bigereranyo by' ibihugu byo muri ekwateri kubera ahakirurutse yayo hejuru. Kigali, rwagati mu gihugu, hafite ubushyuhe bwa buri munsi buri hagati ya 12 ° C (54) ° F) na 27 ° C (81 ° F), hamwe no guhinduka gake mu mwaka.  Hariho ubushyuhe butandukanye mu gihugu hose; imisozi y'iburengerazuba n'amajyaruguru muri rusange birakonje kuruta iburasirazuba. 

Hariho ibihe bibiri by'imvura m'umwaka. Iya mbere itangira muri Gashyantare kugeza muri Kamena naho iya kabiri kuva muri Nzeri kugeza m'Ukuboza. Ibi bitandukanijwe n'ibihe bibiri byumye : icy'ingenzi kuva muri Kamena kugeza muri Nzeri, aho usanga akenshi nta mvura iba, n'akandi gato kandi kadakabije kuva m'Ukuboza kugeza muri Gashyantare. Kugwa kw'imvura kugiye gutandukana mu turere, aho uburengerazuba n’amajyaruguru yuburengerazuba bwigihugu hakira imvura nyinshi buri mwaka kuruta iburasirazuba n’amajyepfo. 

## Imiterere ya politiki
U Rwanda ruhana imbibi n'Uburundi kuri 290&nbsp;km, Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo kuri 217&nbsp;km, Tanzaniya kuri 217&nbsp;km, na Uganda kuri 169&nbsp;km.

## Imiterere ya geografiya
U Rwanda rufite ubuso bwa kilometero kare ibihumbi 26, muri byo 3 ku ijana ni amazi.

### Ikirere

### Umutungo kamere
U Rwanda rufite umutungo kamere ukurikira:

* zahabu
* cassiterite (amabati)
* wolframite (ubutare bwa tungsten)
* columbite-tantalite (tantalum na niobium ore)
* methane
* amashanyarazi
* ikawa
* icyayi
* ubutaka bwo guhinga
* icyatsi kibisi

Imikoreshereze yubutaka mu Rwanda ahanini ni ubutaka bwo guhingwa, nibindi bikorwa. 40&nbsp;km² y'ubutaka mu Rwanda burahirwa . Imbonerahamwe ikurikira irasobanura imikoreshereze y'ubutaka mu Rwanda, guhera mu 2011.

## Ibidukikije
Ibyago byibasiye u Rwanda birimo amapfa rimwe na rimwe n'ibikorwa by'ibirunga byo ku misozi ya Virunga, biherereye mu majyaruguru y'uburengerazuba bw'igihugu, ku mupaka na Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo.

Ibibazo biriho bijyanye n’ibidukikije mu Rwanda birimo: ibisubizo byo gutema amashyamba atagenzuwe kuri lisansi, kurisha cyane, kunanirwa n’ubutaka no guhiga bukware.

### Amasezerano mpuzamahanga
U Rwanda ni uruhande rw’amasezerano mpuzamahanga akurikira:

* Ibinyabuzima bitandukanye
* Imihindagurikire y’ibihe
* Imihindagurikire y’ibihe-Porotokole ya Kyoto
* Ubutayu
* Ubwoko Bwangirika
* Imyanda iteje akaga
* Ibizamini bya kirimbuzi
* Kurinda Ozone
* Ibishanga

U Rwanda rwashyize umukono ku masezerano, ariko ntirwemeza amasezerano y’umuryango w’abibumbye yerekeye amategeko y’inyanja .

## Ingingo zikabije
Uru ni urutonde rwibintu bikabije byu Rwanda, ingingo ziri kure cyane mumajyaruguru, amajyepfo, iburasirazuba cyangwa iburengerazuba kuruta ahandi hantu.

* Majyaruguru Akadomo - utaravuzwe Indanganturo ku mupaka Uganda yahise majyaruguru y'uburengerazuba bwa mudugudu wa Kagitumba, Eastern ntara
* Ahantu h'iburasirazuba - ahantu hatavuzwe izina ku mupaka na Tanzaniya mu ruzi rwa Kagera, intara y'Iburasirazuba
* Ahantu h'amajyepfo - ahantu hatavuzwe izina kumupaka n'Uburundi, intara y'Amajyepfo
* Westernmost point - ahantu hatavuzwe izina kumupaka na Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo mu ruzi rwa Ruzizi ako kanya mu majyepfo y’umujyi wa Bukavu, intara y’iburengerazuba

Ibidukikije
Urwanda ni igihugu gikungahaye kubidukikije n’urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima. Muribyo twavuga, amashyamba, ibiyaga, imigezi ndetse n’ibishanga, muri ibi tuvuze haruguru abonekamo ibinyabuzima by’ubwoko butandukanye uhereye kubitabineshwa amaso ukageza kubiboneshwa amaso.
Ishyamba I rifite ubuzo bunini ni nyungwe, irishyamba rya cyimeza nibonekamo amoko menshi y’inyoni ndetse n’inyamaswa zitandukanye zitaboneka ahandi ku isi. Mu ishyamba rya Nyungwe inaho haboneka isoko y’umugezi wa Nile.