Urutoki

Semwiza yigeze kuba atunzwe n’akazi k’ubumotari ndetse ageraho anagura imodoka yo gutwara abagenzi ariko ibi byose yarabiretse, yiyemeza guhinga urutoki. Anafite gahunda yo kubyaza uru rutoki umusaruro kuko yenga inzoga y’urwagwa apfundikira mu macupa.

Ngo impamvu Semwiza yiyemeje kuba umuhinzi w’urutoki ni ukubera ko yabonye rutanga umusaruro ufatika. Yagize ati “nagiye gutemberera iburasirazuba ndeba ukuntu urutoki rutanga umusaruro mwiza iyo rwitaweho, ni uko nanjye niyemeza kuruhinga. No kuba mu kwenga urwagwa nararindaga kujya kugura ibitoki, byatumye niyemeza guhinga urutoki.”

## Ubuhinzi bw'urutoki
Ruhingwa cyane ku nkombe z’i Kivu, umurambi n’umukenke by’iburasirazuba. Ruhingwa mu butaka bw’ibumba rivanze n’imborera kandi buhitisha amazi.

### amoko yamamazwa
• Ibitoki biribwa: Ingaju, Mbwaziruma, Injagi, Mpologoma,

Icyerwa,...

• Ibitoki by’imineke: Poyo, Kamaramasenge, FHIA 17, FHIA 25, Gros

Michel, ...

Gutegura umurima: 

• Kurwanya isuri.

• Guhinga umurima.

• Gucukura imyobo ya cm 60 z’ubujyakuzimu na cm 60

z’umurambararo; ubutaka buvuye hejuru busubizwa mu mwobo bukavangwa n’ifumbire.

### Gufumbira
• Bashyira Kg 20 z’ifumbire y’imborera iboze neza mu mwobo umwe.

• Bakongeramo g 125 za NPK17.17.17 cyangwa g 125 za Urea, mu mwobo, mu gihe cy’itera .

• Nyuma insina zimaze gukura, ifumbire ijya ishyirwa ku muzenguruko w’insina (muri cm 60) mu ibimba ritari rirerire kugira ngo imizi y’insina itangirika (rimwe cyangwa kabiri mu mwaka).

### Gutera imibyare
• Batera imibyare ivuye mu rutoki rutarwaye kandi rwera neza, isongoye hejuru, ifite inguri nini, imizi n’ibitaka byavanweho; ikagira n’uburebure buri hagati ya cm 80 na m 1,50.

Batera imibyare iri hagati ya 1.100 kuri Ha.

• Batera kuri m 3 hagati y’imirongo na m 3 ku mirongo (hagati y’umwobo n’undi), bitewe n’ubwoko.

• Bashyira umubyare umwe mu mwobo.

• Igihe cy’itera: biba byiza cyane iyo urutoki rutewe mu mvura y’umuhindo yo muri Nzeri cg Ukwakira kuko imvura y’impeshyi isanga zimaze gukura. Icyakora no mu mvura ya Gashyantare bashobora gutera urutoki.

Kurukenura (Kurukorera cg Kurufata neza):

• Gusasira, gushangurura, kuzicira, gukata imyanana, kuzitega inzego.

• Kurimbura inguri zishaje.

• Gusimbura urutoki rushaje.

### Igihe rwerera
• Hagati y’amezi 12 na 15 ku bitoki by’inzoga n’ibiribwa.

• Hagati y’amezi 18 na 20 ku bitoki by’imineke.

### Indwara n’ibyonnyi

### A). INDWARA Z’INGENZI N’UBURYO BWO KUZIRWANYA
Indwara ya Fizariyoze iterwa n’agahumyo bita Fusarium oxysporium f. sp. cubense; insina yafashwe amakoma agenda ahinduka umuhondo uhereye kuyo hasi. Nyuma y’iminsi mike amakoma aruma maze agatendera ku mutumba, umwumba nawo uhita wuma. Iyo utemye umutumba usangamo ububore bugaragazwa n’amabara y’ikigina n’ayirabura. Iyi ndwara yibasira cyane ubwoko bw’insina za Kayinja, Gros michel, Kamaramasenge n’izindi. • Basarura hagati ya 8 T na 35 T/Ha z’ibitoki bitewe n’ikoranabuhanga.

• Babica igihe bikomeye, bagahita babiteka cyangwa babitara hanyuma bakabivanamoumutobe, urwagwa….; mu nganda bavanamo ibisuguti na za divayi zinyuranye.

### Reba

# https://web.archive.org/web/20230213122017/https://www.urwego.com/2015/01/ubuhinzi-bwurutoki.html?m=1
# https://www.kigalitoday.com/ubuhinzi/ubuhinzi/article/yaretse-ibindi-yakoraga-yiyemeza-guhinga-urutoki-bya-kijyambere

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