Ubukerarugendo muri Eswatini

**Ubukerarugendo muri [[Eswatini]]** n'inganda zabuhiriye ziraguka. Benshi mu bakerarugendo basura Eswatini bahagera bakoresheje umuhanda uva muri Afurika y'Epfo. Inganda z’ubukerarugendo muri Eswatini zateye imbere mugihe cya apartheid (muri Afurika y'Epfo aho abirabura ndetse n'abantu bo mu yandi moko batari bafite uburenganzira bwa politiki n'ubukungu nk'abazungu ndetse bahatirwa kubaho mu buryo butandukanye nubw'abazungu.) muri Afrika yepfo kandi ibyo byagize uruhare runini mugukurura abamukerarugendo. Kuva ivanguramoko rirangira, Eswatini yashimangiye umuco gakondo nk'ubukerarugendo.

## Mu igihe cy'ivanguramoko
Iyemezwa ry'ivanguramoko muri Afurika y'Epfo ndetse n'intambara y'abenegihugu muri Mozambike byagize uruhare mu kwiyambaza Eswatini nk'ahantu hashobora kubera ubukerarugendo mu majyepfo y'Afurika. Ibi byatumye ubukerarugendo butera imbere muri Eswatini kuva mu myaka ya za 1960 kugeza 1990.  Mugihe cya apartheid muri Afrika yepfo, Eswatini yakuruye abashyitsi benshi kubera gufata politiki zitandukanye kurusha Afrika yepfo. Ba mukerarugendo benshi basuye Eswatini muri kiriya gihe bari bafite uburyo bwo gukurikirana porogaramu za televiziyo cyangwa imikino ya siporo batashoboraga kubona muri Afurika y'Epfo.  Mu gihe cy'ivanguramoko muri Afurika y'Epfo, Eswatini yemeye umukino w'urusimbi muburyo bwemewe bwo gukurura ba mukerarugendo ibyobituma ubukungu bwiyongera cyane. 

Umubare wa ba mukerarugendo basuye Eswatini wavuye kuri 89,015 mu mwaka wa 1972 ugera kuri 257,997 mu mwaka wa 1989. Mu mwaka wa 1988 ubukerarugendo bwari 3 ku ijana by'Umusaruro rusange (GDP) bya Eswatini ndetse binjya hejuru ya 4 ku ijana ku ibyoherezwa mu mahanga. Nubwo ingofero gakondo ya Eswatini yakunze kuvugwa nkikintu gikurura ba mukerarugendo, ubukerarugendo nabwo bwashimiwe ko bwatumye muri Eswatini hatera imbere. Nubwo ubukerarugendo bugaragara ko bwiyongera muri Eswatini bivugwa ko ari byo byatumye uburaya bwiyongera, nubwo nta kimenyetso cyerekana ko uburaya bwagize uruhare mu kuzamura inganda z’ubukerarugendo muri Eswatini. Ubwiyongere bw'ubukerarugendo bwatumye mubuce bwaberagamo uburaya muri Eswatini buva mu bucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro bujya mu ma hoteri.

## Nyuma y’ivanguramoko

Nyuma y’ivanguramoko muri Afurika yepfo no gusoza intambara y’abenegihugu ya Mozambike byatumye abaturanyi bayo bashimishwa n’ubukerarugendo, bituma ubwiyongere bw’inganda z’ubukerarugendo muri Eswatini bugabanuka.Benshi mu bakerarugendo basura Eswatini batembera hagati ya Mozambike na Afurika y'Epfo. Ba mukerarugendo benshi barara ijoro rimwe gusa kandi abashyitsi benshi bafata ingendo z'umunsi gusa mu gihugu.

Bitewe no kubura izindi nganda zikomeye, ubukerarugendo bubonwa na benshi muri Eswatini nk'isoko rishobora kuzamuka mu bukungu.  Kuva yashingwa mu mwaka wa 2003, Ikigo cy’ubukerarugendo cya Eswatini cyashimangiye ko Eswatini ari ubwami bwa nyuma bwa Afurika yo munsi y’ubutayu bwa Sahara . Ibirori nk'umunsi mukuru w'ibwami wa Incwala ufatwa nkibibanza bishobora guteza imbere ubukerarugendo. Bagerageje kandi gukurura ba mukerarugendo muri parike yimikino ya Swaziland .  Mu mwaka wa 2006 Eswatini yasinyanye amasezerano ya Route ya Lubombo hamwe na Afrika yepfo na Mozambike. Amasezerano yemereye ba mukerarugendo gutembera mu bihugu bitatu bafite visa imwe. 

## Amashakiro

## Ihuza ryo hanze

* Ikigo gishinzwe ubukerarugendo cya Swaziland