open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Inkeri za Bravura

Ubuhinzi bw’inkeri mu Rwanda, busa n’aho ari bushya kuko si igihingwa wabona muri buri gace, kuko muri iyi myaka ya vuba, ubuhinzi bw’inkeri bugenda bwiyongera, muri 2021, nibwo haje  ingemwe 70,000 z’inkeri mu Rwanda, izo nkeri zikaba ari izo mu bwoko bwitwa Bravura ziturutse mu Buholandi. ubwo buhinzi bw’inkeri butangaje ni uko izo nkeri zitanga zitanga umusaruro nyuma y’iminsi 90 (amezi atatu), kandi zikaba zishobora kumara umwaka zisoromwa inshuro ebyiri buri cyumweru.

Inkeri za Bravura Dutangira kuzihinga twari dufite amakenga ko zishobora kwanga ubutaka bwacu, ariko si ko byagenze ahubwo izo nkeri zishimiye ubutaka bwacu, mbese bigaragara ko zizatanga umusaruro kurusha ibindi bihingwa dufite. Ubu tumaze gusarura inshuro eshatu, kandi ntizirera ijana ku ijana, ariko zizera ijana ku ijana, nko kuri ‘Ari’ 25 twaziteyeho, tumaze ibyumweru bibiri dutangiye gusarura ubu tugeze ku mpuzandengo y’ ibiro 60 ku cyumweru. Ku isoko ikilo kiragura 1500 Frw ku barangura, naho ujyana dukeya agura ku 2000Frw. Kandi dufite isoko ryizewe.

### Ubuhinzi
* Inkeri za Bravura Kuva mu  murima, izo nkeri zimara imyaka ibiri zisarurwa, ariko buri mezi atandatu ziruhuka nk’ukwezi,bakongera bagatangira gusoroma. Gusa ikibazo ni ubwikorezi bwazo, umuntu azivana ahantu hamwe azijyana ahandi, kuko hari ubwo zangirika hagapfamo nyinshi.
* Ikibazo rusange kandi nyamukuru ni ukubona imiti iberanye n’uburwayi bw’inkeri kuko bukururwa cyane n’ubuhehere ndetse n’ikigero cy’ubushyuhe bw’ikirere cy’u Rwanda indwara y’Akaribata (Anthracnose) iraturemerera cyane kuko izahaza inkeri cyane cyane mu gihe cy’imvura. Icyumweru kimwe imvura imaze igwa cyane.
* icyo ni ikibazo gikomeye, imiti twateye kuko ari yo dufite ino aha ntiyadufashije, imiti umuhinzi dukorana wo mu Buholandi atubwira twakwifashisha ntayiboneka ino aha”.
* Inyamaswa zituruka muri Gishwati, zibonera inkeri, n’ubwo hari indi mirima y’inkeri, ariko izo nyamaswa zitwa Ingunzu, zibasira cyane izo nkeri zaturutse mu Buholandi, ngo birashoboka ko inyamaswa na zo zigira ubushobozi bwo kumenya ibiryoshye kurusha ibindi.

### Amashakiro
Kubungabunga Ikirere

***Kubungabunga ikirere***  ni filime mbarankuru ihuriweho na  Robert Alstead hamwe na Joanna Clarke wo muri icycle.ca Productions Ltd. Iyi filime yibanda ku gikorwa cy’ amatora mu 2013 y’umuhanga mu bumenyi bw’ikirere Andrew J. Weaver nk’umunyamuryango wa mbere w’ishyaka rya Green Party mu Nteko ishinga amategeko muri Columbiya y’Ubwongereza, muri Kanada.

*Kwiruka kw'ibihe* yerekanwe bwa mbere mu iserukiramuco rya Filime DOXA ryabereye i Vancouver muri Gicurasi 2015.

## Ihuza ryo hanze

* Kuri Reelhouse
UMUBAGABAGA

UMUBAGABAGA ni igiti kivura kandi kigafasha cyane mu muco nyarwanda.

## kuvura

### Umutwe ubabara :
uvuguta amababi 3-4 y’umucyuro= umubagabaga, ukayashyira ku mazuru ugakurura umwuka. Igihe utari wakira wakomeza kuwukoresha.

### Umutima ubyimba (cardiomegaly):

umukamato w’amababiy’umucyuro (umubagabaga) uyateke muri litiro y’amazi, ujye unywa ikirahure 1 mu gitondo, 1 kumanywa, 1 nimugoroba buri munsi, ibyumweru 2.

### Inzoka zo mu mara, Impatwe (constipation) :
uvanga umukamato w’amababi n’undi 1 w’ibishishwa by’umuzi by’umucyuro (

umubagabaga) na litiro y’amazi ashyushye. Ubiyungurure, unywe ikirahure 1 mu gitondo, 1 ku manywa, 1 nijoro.

### Indwara y’uruhu (mycoses):
usekura umukamato w’amababi n’umukamato w’ibishishwa by’igiti cy’umucyuro, byanoga

ukabivanga n’amavuta y’amagaja ukisiga aharwaye ku ruhu.

### Uburibwe bukabije (les douleurs intenses):
usekura umukamato w’amababi mashyashya ukayavanga n’amazi amaze kubira litiro 1.

Ukanywa ibirahure 2 icyarimwe nimugoroba. Ingaruka zidakenewe ziterwa n’uyu muti ni impiswi, nyuma yaho usinzira neza.

### kuwunywa utogosheje uvura igifu.

### Amashakiro
Amateka y'i Rutare muri Gicumbi

Rutare, ni umwe mu mirenge (21) igize  Akarere ka Gicumbi kavuga ko kazagira umujyi wunganira umurwa mukuru wako, hakaba hitaruye cyane umuhanda wa kaburimbo werekeza i Byumba, aho umuntu uva i Kigali akatira mu kuboko kw’iburyo yerekeza ku kiyaga cya Muhazi.

## Amateka
Abatuye i Rutare bavuga ko uwo mujyi washinzwe mu mwaka wa 1934 n’Abarabu bazaga muri Afurika y’uburasirazuba bagamije ubucuruzi.

Rutare iruta ubukuru umujyi wa Byumba washinzwe mu 1936, ariko na yo ikaba yarabayeho nyuma y’indi mijyi mito mito nka Kabarore (Gatsibo) na Kiramuruzi kuko ngo ari iyo muri 1930.

### Bizimana Jean Baptiste

Bizimana Jean Baptiste w’imyaka 72 wabaye Senateri muri Sena y’u Rwanda kuva muri 2003-2011, ni umuturage w’i Rutare wari ufite sewabo witwaga Sebahutu wabaye umwiru ku ngoma y’umwami Yuhi V Musinga, yasize amubwiye byinshi ku mateka y’i Rutare.

#### Rutare ni irimbi ry’Abami n’Abagabekazi b’u Rwanda
Nubwo imibiri yashoboye kuhaboneka ari uwa Kigeli IV Rwabugiri n’Umugabekazi Nyirayuhi V Kanjogera, i Rutare ngo hatabarijwe (hashyinguwe) abami batandatu n’abagabekazi bane.

Bizimana avuga ko umwami wa mbere watabarijwe i Rutare ari Kigeli I Mukobanya, bivugwa ko yategetse mu myaka ya 1378-1411, uwa kabiri akaba ari Mutara I Nsoro II Semugeshi (1543-1576), uwa gatatu akaba ari umuhungu wa Semugeshi witwaga Kigeli II Nyamuheshera (1576-1609).

Umwami wa kane watabarijwe i Rutare akaba ari Kigeli III Ndabarasa (1708-1741), uwa gatanu aba Mutara II Rwogera (1830-1853), hanyuma hakaza Kigeli IV Rwabugiri watabarijwe ahitwa i Munanira, we imva ye (iriba) ikaba yarubakiwe ikiriho kugeza n’ubu.

Mu bagabekazi (ba nyina b’abami) batabarijwe i Rutare mu bice bitandukanye bigize uwo murenge, hari Nyirakigeli I Nyanguge akaba ari nyina wa Kigeli I Mukobanya, hakaba na Nyirakigeli III Rwesero akaba ari nyina wa Kigeli III Ndabarasa.

Undi mugabekazi watabarijwe i Rutare ni Nyiramibambwe III Nyiratamba nyina wa Mibambwe III Sentabyo, hanyuma hakaza na Nyirayuhi V Kanjogera wabaye umugabekazi w’abami babiri kuko yabanje kuba Nyiramibambwe IV Rutarindwa, aza gukomeza kuba umugabekazi ku ngoma ya Yuhi V Musinga.

Bizimana akomeza agira ati “Aba bami ni bo baremaremye u Rwanda, ahantu batabarijwe ubundi hagombye gusigasirwa hagashyirwa ikimenyetso kigaragara, Abanyarwanda n’abanyamahanga bakajya baza kuhareba”.

Agira ati “Icya mbere cyakorwa ni ukuhashyira ibyapa bisa neza biyobora ba mukerarugendo, gutunganya inzira zijyayo, ndetse no guhugura abaturage baho bamwe bajijutse bakajya bakira abashyitsi”.

Uyu muyobozi akomeza avuga ko ibi bizajyana no gufatanya n’abaturage guteza imbere ibikorwa remezo n’ibibyara umusaruro ukenewe.

## Reba
Gushushanya tekinike

Gushushanya tekinike - Inyandiko ikubiyemo ishusho ishushanyije kandi ikorwa, nkitegeko, hamwe nubufasha bwibikoresho, akenshi nintoki. Igishushanyo, hamwe nuburyo bwa tekiniki, ni bumwe mu bwoko bwibishushanyo bya tekiniki, bifitanye isano nibishushanyo mbonera. Gushushanya, igishushanyo kirashobora gukoreshwa mugushushanya amakuru, harimo ukoresheje ibishushanyo mbonera. Amakuru yimyumvire yihuta kandi yihuta yerekanwe muburyo bwa geometrike: ibishushanyo, igishushanyo, umurongo, cyangwa guhuza kwabo. Inyubako ukoresheje ibikoresho bikoreshwa mugushushanya ibishushanyo bya geometrike.
Kirazira kugamisha umurambo

Mu muco wa Kinyarwanda kimwe no mu yindi mico itandukanye ku isi, abantu bagira za nyirantarengwa zikubiyemo ibyo birinda gukora ndetse bakanabiziririza mu buzima bwabo bwa buri munsi.

## Amateka
Ibyo birinda gukora si uko biba bibangamye gusa, ahubwa baba bemera mu ntekerezo zabo ko hagize ubirengaho bishobora kugira ingaruka ku wabikoze ndetse no ku muryango we.

Ibyo Abanyarwanda bazira bakanaziririza mu buzima bwabo bwa buri munsi, ni byo bita Kirazira, mu muco wa Kinyarwanda

### Muganga Rutangarwamaboko
Muganga Rutangarwamaboko impuguke mu Muco n’amateka, akaba n’Umuyobozi w’Ikigo Nyarwanda cy;Ubuzima bushingiye ku muco, avuga ku ireme rya kirazira mu muco wa Kinyarwanda.

Agira ati” Utagira imigenzo, ntagira uko agenza, kandi utagira icyo yubaha, ntagira n’icyo atinya. Kirazira mu Muco wa Kinyarwanda zifasha Abanyarwanda kugira ibyo bubaha, bikabarinda amahano mu buzima, kandi zikabafasha kubana neza na bagenzi babo, ndetse bakanabana neza n’ibibakikije”

Atanga urugero agira ati” Nk’urugero iyo Kwica Inyamanza biba Atari ikizira mu muco wa Kinyarwanda, ushobora gusanga muri ibi bihe nta Nyamanza yari kuba ikirangwa mu Rwanda zari kuba zarashize.”

### Impamvu kizira kugamisha umurambo
Indi mpuguke mu muco wa Kinyarwanda Gasake August aganira na Kigali Today, avuga ko iyi kirazira ijyanye n’uko ubusanzwe iyo umuntu yapfuye aba agomba gukurwa mu bazima.

Ati “ Uwavuyemo umwuka ntasubira mu bazima, 

kandi uwinjiye mu nzu abanza ikirenge kimwe, naho umupfu ajyana amaguru yombi imbere. Urugo rwugamisha umurambo ruba rubaye irimbi, abarurimo bose bagakenyuka.”

Akomeza agira ati” Jye narabibonye i Karongi, umuntu yapfiriye mu Birambo abamuhetse bazamuka Ruhinamavi banyagirwa kugera iwe i Rusuzumiro Kandi Gashali yose hatuwe. Kirazira ni kirazira ntikinishwa.”

Yagarutse ku bavuga ko Kiliziya yakuyeho Kirazira, abibutsa ko abo badakwiye guhabwa agaciro, kuko iyo mvugo bayizanye bashaka gukura Abanyarwanda ku muco gakondo wabo, bakabinjizamo imico mvamahanga.

Ibi ngo kubigeraho byabasabye kubanza kuribata umuco wa Kinyarwanda barawunogonora, bituma biborohera kwimakaza Kiliziya.

## Reba
Ingoro yahariwe amateka y’ubukoroni bw’Abadage mu Rwanda

Ingoro y’amateka kamere iherereye ahazwi nko kwa Richard Kandt mu Mujyi wa Kigali, yamaze guhindurirwa inyito yitwa "Ingoro ya Richard Kandt" mu rwego rwo kurushaho kugaragaza amateka nyakuri y’Abanyarwanda mbere y’umwaduko w’Abadage no mu gihe cy’ubukoroni bwabo mu Rwanda.

Iryo vugurura ryakozwe nyuma y’uko Abasenateri bagize komisiyo y’ubukungu n’imari baherukaga gukorera urugendo rw’akazi kuri iyo ngoro ku wa 18 Gicurasi 2016, bagasanga hari bimwe mu byahamurikirwaga bitajyanye naho, bikwiye kuhavanwa hagashyirwa ibindi bijyanye n’amateka yaho.

## Ibigaragaramo
Muri iyo ngoro,ubu hagaragaramo amafoto yafashwe mu gihe cy’ubukoroni Abadage bakoreye Abanyarwanda, hagati mu myaka ya 1885 kugeza mu 1918, aho yerekana imibereho y’Abanyarwanda muri icyo gihe.

### Amb. Masozera Robert￼
Umuyobozi Mukuru w’Ikigo gishinzwe Ingoro z’Igihugu z’Umurage w’u Rwanda, Amb. Masozera Robert niwe wafunguye ku mugaragaro iyo ngoro, mu mpera z’icyumweru gishize. Yavuze ko izo mpinduka zizongera umusaruro icyo kigo cyabonaga ku kwezi,ubusanzwe ubarirwa hagati ya Miliyoni ebyiri na miliyoni ebyiri n’igice z’amafaranga y’u Rwanda yatangwaga n’abashyitsi bari hagati ya 1000 na 1200.Yagize ati “Aya mavugurura azongera ubwiza bw’iyi ngoro ndetse n’umubare w’abayisura wiyongere kuko hari byinshi bishya byongerewemo”. Byinshi mu byashyizwe muri iyo ngoro ya Richard Kandt byari bifitwe n’Abadage kandi bigaruka ku mateka y’Abanyarwanda mu gihe cy’ubukoroni . Ibyo bikaba byari igihombo ku Banyarwanda kuko amateka yabo yari afitwe n’abandi ,Umunyarwanda ushaka kuyamenya ntagire aho ayasanga.

### Ambasaderi Dr Peter Woeste
uhagarariye Ubudage mu Rwanda yavuze ko yishimira ivugururwa ry’iyo ngoro yerekana amateka y’Abadage n’Abanyarwanda mu Rwanda rwo hambere. Ati “Ni byiza ko iyi ngoro ihariwe icyo yagenewe gusa kuruta uko yari imeze, igaragaramo ibintu bivangavanze”.

Richard Kandt witiriwe iyo ngoro ni we Mudage watuye mu Rwanda mu mbere y’abandi ndetse ni we wagiriye inama Umwami Yuhi V Musinga guhitamo Kigali nk’Umurwa mukuru w’u Rwanda kubera uko yahagenzuye akabona ari ho hantu hari hanogeye ijisho. Uwo mugabo iyo aba akiriho kuri uyu wa 17 Ukuboza 2017 yari kuba yujuje imyaka 150 kuko yavutse ku itariki 17 Ukuboza 1867.

## Reba
Ikondera

Ikondera ni kimwe mu bikoresho bikoreshwa n’ababyinnyi b’injyana gakondo zo muRwanda  ariko hari abatazi akamaro n’inkomoko yaryo.

## Amateka
Ikondera ni igikoresho kivuzwa kenshi iyo intore zambaye imigara zigiye gutangira guhamiriza. Barivuza bashyize umunwa ahari umwenge habugenewe.

Hambere mu Rwanda Ikondera ryabaga gikozwe mu ihembe. Kuri ubu barikora mu bikoresho biyandukanye birimo ibya purasitiki.

Amakondera aba ari atanu mu babyinnyi bayavuza mu buryo butandukanye bigatanga umuziki uryoheye amatwi.

Ayo makondera atanga amajwi atandukanye ariyo Umurangi riyobora andi, Inkanka, Incuragane, Insengo n’Urugunda. Uwo ni umwihariko w’umuziki n’imbyino gakondo z’Abanyarwanda.

### Nsengiyumva Abdallah
umuvuzi w’ikondera akaba n’umubyinnyi mu itorero ry’Urukerereza n’Inganzo Ngari, avuga ko ikondera ari kimwe mu bikoresho bikomeye mu muco nyarwanda.

Akomeza avuga ko Ikondera ryerekana ubutwari bw’intore z’u Rwanda, mbere zari ingabo z’igihugu.

Agira ati “Ikondera rivuzwa rihamagara intore guhamiriza, rikaririmba ubutwari n’ibyivugo by’ingabo. Buri kondera riba rifite ijwi ryaryo, yajya hamwe yose agakora umuziki mwiza ari nawo utuma intore zizihirwa zikaza guhamiriza.”

Nsengiyumva avuga ko nubwo nta majwi aba yumvikana, abavuza Ikondera baba bazi ibyo bavuga ndetse bakanamenya imbyino bagezeho.

Ati “Burya tuba tuvuga imyato n’ubutwari bw’ingabo z’u Rwanda nubwo amajwi aba adasohoka haba humvikana injyana gusa.

Nyamara burya indirimbo tuba tuziziranyeho, akenshi duhera mu Musambi, tugakurikizaho iryitwa Cyarutema tugasoreza ku ryitwa Imbaduko.”

Nsengiyumva avuga ko ikondera rikomera cyane rigasaba ubuhanga mu kurivuza. Riherekezwa n’ingoma yitwa Ruharage ifite akajwi karangira n’ Ingaraba ifite ijwi ryo hasi.

## Reba
Umushinga wa macye macye

Ikigo cy’itumanaho n’ikoranabuhanga cya MTN Rwanda ku bufatanye na Banki ya Kigali, batangije umushinga uzafasha buri muntu wese ubishaka gutunga telefone zigezweho zigendanwa (Smartphones) bijyanye n’ubushobozi bwe.

## Imiterere
Ni umushinga wiswe ‘Macye Macye’ aho buri wese ubyifuza ashobora kwaka inguzanyo ya telefone yifuza akayihabwa, ubundi akajya yishyura macye macye yaba ku munsi, mu cyumweru cyangwa nyuma y’ukwezi bitewe n’ibyo yumva bishobora kumworohera, akabikora mu gihe cy’amezi 12.

Ubuyobozi bwa MTN bwagaragaje ko iyi gahunda igamije gufasha abakiliya bayo kubona izi telefone ndetse bikanazabafasha kubona serivise zinoze mu buryo bw’ikoranabuhanga.

Ni mu gihe usanga abaturage bakoresha telefone zigezweho ndetse na interineti bakiri hasi ya 25%.

### Desire Rubanguka
Umukozi wa MTN Rwanda ushinzwe ibikorwa by’ubucuruzi Desire Ruhinguka, avuga ko ari uburyo buzafasha abifuza gutunga telefone zo muri ubwo bwoko cyangwa kugira abandi bazigurira kubigeraho bishyuye amafaranga macye macye.

Ati “Uburyo abakiriya bacu bazajya bakoresha mu kwishyura ni ubwa mobile money, biturutse ku buryo umukiriya azaba yifuje niba ari buri munsi cyangwa buri cyumweru. Ayo mafaranga azajya akurwaho nk’uko wabyifuje nk’umufatabuguzi, abakiriya bose aho bari bashobora kujya kuri telefone zabo bagakanda *182*12#, bakagenda bareba ibisabwa, icyo umufatabuguzi asabwa ni uko amenya amabwiriza arimo kugira ngo ube wakwemererwa gufata iyo telefone.”

Iyo umukiriya amaze kwiyandikisha hakurikiraho ko ajya kureba telefone yemerewe kuba yafata, biturutse ku bushobozi bwe bwo kwishyurwa, aho MTN ibubwirwa bitewe n’uko asanzwe akoresha mobile money cyangwa kugura amayinite, ari na byo bimwemera kujya mu cyiciro runaka.

Telefone umukiriya uri mu cyiciro gikiriritse ashobora guheraho n’iyo ashobora kwishyura amafaranga 230 ku munsi, 1100 ku cyumweru, cyangwa akishyura agera 7000, byose bigakorwa mu gihe cy’amezi 12.

### Benjamin Mutimura
Ni umukozi wa BK ushinzwe ibikorwa by’ubucuruzi, avuga ko umwenda uzajya utangwa na BK.

Ati “Abantu bazajya bajya ku maduka ya MTN ndetse n’ahagurishyirizwa terefone bakire ubusabe bwabo, amadosiye yabo bayatuzanire nka Banki ya Kigali kugira ngo dosiye zabo zemezwe”.

### Paul ingabire
Minisitiri w’Ikoranabuhanga na Inovasiyo, Paula Ingabire, avuga ko nubwo hari ubundi buryo bwinshi bugamije gufasha Abanyarwanda kubona terefone zo mu bwoko bwa smartphone.

Ati “Iyi macye macye ntabwo ari yo yonyine muzabona, mu minsi iri imbere muraza kubona n’izindi gahunda dushyiraho, natwe nka Leta, kuko ni ngombwa ko dushakisha uburyo bwakorohereza umuturage kugira ngo abashe gutunga telefone. Intego ni uko nibura mu mezi 24 ari imbere dushobora kuba twageze kuri 85% by’Abanyarwanda batunze telefone zigendanwa zigezweho, uyu munsi uwo mubare ukaba uhagaze kuri 40%”.

## Ibindi
Mu gihe u Rwanda rwaramuka rugeze kuri iyi ntego rwihaye, rwaba Igihugu cya mbere ku mugabane wa Afurika gifite umubare munini w’abaturage batunze telefone zo mu bwoko bwa Smartphones.

## Reba
Intebe rusange muri Kigali

Umujyi wa Kigali watangiye gushyiraho intebe rusange zo kuruhukiramo mu busatani no mu duce dutandukanye two hirya no hino muri Kigali, mu rwego rwo kurushaho kurimbisha umujyi.

## Intego
Iyi gahunda yatangiranye n’intebe 75 zashyizwe mu duce 33 twatoranyijwe turimo ‘Imbuga City Walk’ ahahoze ari agace katagerwamo n’imodoka kazwi nka ‘Car Free Zone’ ndetse n’ubusitani buherereye Rwandex.

Umujyi wa Kigali ubinyujije kuri twitter watangaje ko uyu ari umushinga ugikomeza ndetse usaba abaturage kubungabunga izi ntebe no kugirira utu duce isuku.

Muri gahunda yo kurimbisha no gushakira abagenda mu Mujyi wa Kigali ahantu heza ho kuruhukira, mu byakozwe harimo no kuvugurura agace katagendwamo n’imodoka kazwi nka ‘Car Free Zone’ kiswe ‘Imbuga City Walk’.

Imbuga City Walk iherereye ku muhanda wa KN 4 Avenue, niyuzura izaba igizwe n’inzira z’abanyamaguru n’abatwara amagare, ubusitani, kiosks (zizaba zicururizwamo ibirimo amafunguro n’ibinyobwa), ahagenewe kumurika ibikorwa, intebe rusange z’abashaka kuzahaganirira, aho wabona WIFI (internet nziramugozi), ubwiherero rusange n’ibindi bitandukanye.

Ubuyobozi bw’Umujyi wa Kigali bwemeza ko abaruhukira kuri izo ndebe bagomba kwegerezwa serivisi nyinshi mu zo bakenera baruhuka, ari na yo mpamvu hagiye hubakwa utuzu duto (Kiosk) mu bice bimwe na bimwe byatoranyijwe.

Ni mu rwego rwo kugira ngo utwo tuzu twifashishwe mu bucuruzi bw’ibintu bitandukanye umuntu yakenera aruhuka uhereye ku binyobwa n’ibiribwa.

Iki ni igikorwa bamwe bashobora kumva nk’igisanzwe bitewe n’uko batarasobanukirwa n’agaciro gakomeye kari inyuma y’ishyirwaho izi ntebe, ariko hari ikintu gikomeye kandi kidasanzwe cyihishe inyuma yo kubona intebe uruhukiraho utari buyishyuzwe, cyangwa ngo ube utegetswe kwishyura serivisi runaka kugira ngo wemererwe kuyicaraho.

Iki gitekerezo si gishya ku Isi ariko mu kinyejana cya 19 ni bwo intebe rusange zatangiye kuba kimwe mu bimenyetso by’imijyi iteye imbere kandi iha ikaze buri muntu wese.

Mu Bwongereza, usanga izo ntebe zifashishwa ahanini n’abantu bashaka kwicara bonyine batuje, ku buryo bamenyereye ko nta wicarana n’undi ku ntebe imwe. Bitewe n’ubuzima buruhije bw’umujyi, hari bamwe bifashisha izo ntebe nk’aho bakwirambika gato bakaruhuka iminota mike basinziriye (nap).

Mu bindi bihugu by’i Burayi n’Amerika usanga kuri izi ntebe ari ho abantu bahurira bakaganira, abato n’abasheshe akanguhe bakasohokera baruhuka ndetse banaganira ari na ko bareba injyana y’iterambere ry’umujyi.

## Ibindi
Izi ntebe zizashyirwa mu turere twose tw’Umujyi wa Kigali mu duce nka Nyamirambo-Tapi Rouge, Rond Point ya Kigali, SP Nyamirambo, Biryogo, Rond Point yo kuri Centenary House, kwa Rubangura, Nyakabanda kwa Gisimba, , Cadillac, KBC, ku isoko rya Kimironko, i Rugende, ku Kibuga cy’Indege n’ahandi.

## Reba
Imbogeri

Imbogeri ni imboga twavuga ziri mubwoko  imbwija nyirizina, dodo, imbogeri, Imboga rwatsi, imiriri. Izi mboga kuri ubu ku mafunguro menshi uzisangaho zaba zitetse ukwazo cyangwa zitekanywe n’ibindi byo kurya.

## Akamaro
* Kimwe n’izindi mboga rwatsi zose, imbwija zifite muri zo oxalates. Bityo ku bantu bafite ikibazo cy’utubuye mu mpyiko babirya mu rugero ruto kuko kuzirya cyane byabongerera utwo tubuye.

* Muri rusange izi mboga ntizitera umubiri ubwivumbure. Gusa niba bikubayeho wagana ivuriro rikuri hafi. Ubwivumbure butewe nazo buza nyuma y’iminota micye umaze kuzirya.

* Zihabwa umwana mu byo kurya iyo arengeje amezi 8. Mbere yayo ahabwa epinari.

* Mu kuzirya, ushobora kuzitogosa cyangwa ukazinyuza ku muriro gacye harimo amavuta, umeze nk’uzikaranga ariko ukirinda ko zihishwa n’amavuta kuko waba wangije zimwe mu ntungamubiri zibamo.

* Utubuto twazo natwo tubamo intungamubiri nk’iziri mu bibabi. Kuduteka rwose nta kibazo ndetse uramutse unabonye twinshi ugasyamo ifu wayivanga n’andi mafu ugakora igikoma cyangwa isupu bitewe n icyo ushaka.

## Amashakiro
Dodo

Dodo ni ibimera byitwa *Amaranth species* mu cyongereza, zikaba imboga zirimo amoko atandukanye. Muri yo harimo izo duhinga, iza kimeza ndetse no mu kinyarwanda amazina aratandukanye. Izo mboga twavuga imbwija nyirizina, dodo, imbogeri, imiriri. Izi mboga kuri ubu ku mafunguro menshi uzisangaho zaba zitetse ukwazo cyangwa zitekanywe n’ibindi byo kurya, Izi mboga ni isoko nziza ya poroteyine, imyunyungugu inyuranye na calcium, potassium, na za vitamini.

### Aho zifasha

* Dodo zifasha abifuza gutakaza ibiro, kuko nta bintu bibyibushya zigiramo.
* Dodo  zifasha mu kurinda indwara ya kanseri, kuko zikize cyane kuri za ‘antioxydants’ zitwa ‘caroténoïdes’ izo zikaba zirinda utunyangingo tw’umubiri w’umuntu kwangirika, kuko uko kwangirika k’utwo tunyangingo ni byo bishobora gutera kanseri.
* Dodo kandi zifasha amaso kugira ubuzima bwiza, kuko zifitemo za ‘antioxydants’ zitwa ‘lutéine’ na ‘zéaxanthine’ izo zikaba zifitemo ubushobozi bwo gukumira indwara y’ishaza ryo mu maso ndetse no guhuma kw’amaso bizanwa n’izabukuru.
* Dodo zirinda umuntu guhura n’ikibazo cy’imirire mibi, kuko uziriye zimufasha kuzuza indyo ye.
* Dodo ni isoko ya za vitamine zitandukanye, zikigiramo ‘fibres’ ari zo zituma igogora rigenda neza, zigakumira impatwe. zikagabanya ibyago byo gufatwa n’indwara zo mu mara, zikanarinda kanseri y’urura runini.

### Amashakiro
Ibibabi by'umwembe

umwembe ni igiti kigira amababi afasha muri byinshi haba mu ibidukikije, buvuzi, hari imwe mu ndwara zihangayikisha abazirwaye dore ko nta n’umuti uhamye uyivura burundu ni indwara ya diyabete. Iyi ndwara iterwa nuko igipimo cy’isukari mu maraso cyazamutse cyangwa we ikorwa rya insulin ryagabanyutse itera uyirwaye guhora afata imiti umunsi ku wundi cyangwa yitera inshinge buri munsi Bumwe mu buryo bwo guhangana na yo ni uguhindura imirire no gukora siporo.

ibibabi by’imyembe bikagufasha kugabanya uburemere bw’indwara. Ibi biterwa nuko muri byo harimo amoko anyuranye ya anthocyanidins zifasha mu guhangana na yo.

### Ibidukikije:
ibibabi by’imyembe afasha mu gukora ifumbire nziza kandi ifite ibicyenewe byose.

### Mu kuvura

* Ibibabi 15 bibisi by’umwembe bikiri bito
* Ibikombe 4 (litiro imwe) by’amazi

### '''Uko bikorwa'''

* Canira ya mazi arimo bya bibabi wabanje kubisukura , ubikore nimugoroba
* Namara kubira uterure ubike bipfundikiye kugeza mu gitondo
* Mu gitondo utaragira ikindi ushyira mu nda, yungurura unywe ya mazi uyamare.

Ibi ubikora buri munsi mu gihe byibuze cy’amezi abiri. Utabashije kujya ubona ibibabi buri munsi, urabyanika ugakoramo ifu, ukajya ukoresha ibiyiko bibiri byayo muri Litiro y’amazi. Uretse kandi kurwanya diyabete bizanafasha.

* Gusukura mu gifu
* Kurwanya zimwe mu ndwara z’umutima ziterwa nuko imitsi isa n’iyazibye
* Kugabanya ibiro
* Kurwanya uburibwe cyane cyane bw’umutwe
* Kugabanya ibicece na ya nda yitwa nyakubahwa.

## Amashakiro
Sharamariya

Sharamariya Uru rubuto rugira amazina atandukanye bitewe n’akarere. Abenshi baruzi ku izina rya coeur de boeuf, nyamara abandi nabo barwita sharamariya. Iri zina rya sharamariya rishobora kuba ryaraturutse ku izina ry’uru rubuto mu gifaransa kuko mu by’ukuri izina bwite si coeur de boeuf ahubwo ni chérimole. Mu cyongereza ni custard apple.Uru rubuto nubwo rudakunze kuboneka ahantu hose, nyamara ni rumwe mu mbuto z’ingenzi dore ko ruza mu mbuto zifasha umubiri wacu guhangana na kanseri. Uru rubuto rufatiye runini umubiri wacu haba umutima, uruhu, amagufa, n’ibindi. Ibi byose bigize uru rubuto nibyo biruha ubushobozi bwo kugira indwara ruturinda, ndetse n’ibyo rutuvura.

## Akamaro
* Ibibabi bya sharamariya bifasha umubiri guhangana na kanseri naho ibishishwa byo ku giti bikavura indwara z’amenyo no kubabara ishinya, kimwe no kurwara ifumbi y’amenyo (kumwe woza amenyo ukava)
* Vitamini C nkuko duhora tubivuga ni ingenzi mu gusukura umubiri ivanamo uburozi ikanawurinda indwara kuko yongerera ubudahangarwa ingufu.
* Vitamin A ni nziza ku ruhu, amaso n’umusatsi
* Potassium ifasha mu kurwanya gucika intege, ukagira ingufu mu mikaya
* Magnesium ifasha mu kuringaniza igipimo cy’amazi mu mubiri. Ni nziza ku barwaye goute, rubagimpande no kuribwa mu ngingo
* Umuringa ufasha mu kurinda kwituma impatwe
* Fibre zifasha nazo mu kuvura impatwe no gutuma igogorwa rigenda neza
* Sharamariya kandi ikoreshwa mu buvuzi gakondo bunyuranye. Igipondo cy uru rubuto ruhase gishyirwa ku bibyimba ibitobo n’ibikomere bigakira.

## Amshakiro
Ubusitani

**Ubusitani** usanga ari  ubutaka  cyangwa ahantu mu ngo zabo aho batuye,ugasanga barateyemo ibyatsi,indabo cyangwa ibiti bigufi,ariko hari n’uburyo wakora ubusitani bwiza iwawe buteyemo ibiti birebire,rimwe na rimwe bikaba biteye mu byatsi cyangwa mu ndabo ngufi cyangwa bivanze n’ibiti bigufi, bikagaragara neza cyane,kandi bikazana n’amahumbezi mu rugo ndetse n’impumuro nziza y’ibimera..

## Ubusitani mu rugo

Umuntu ashobora gukora ubusitani bwo mu mbuga cyane cyane iyo afite imbuga nini,maze agateramo indabo zimeze nk’ibiti bigufi ku buryo bikura bikamera nk’ibihuru,ubundi agateramo n’ibiti birebire nabyo by’indabo ariko byo bikura bikaba birebire.

Ushobora kandi gukora ubusitani bugizwe n’ibyatsi bya pasiparumu,maze ugateramo ibiti birebire,ariko byera imbuto ziribwa,cyane cyane nk’ibiti by’amaronji n’iby’indimu,maze ubwo busitani ukabushyira mu rugo ku muntu ufite ikibanza kinini atuyemo,cyangwa ukaba wanabukora inyuma y’urugo ariko hafi cyane ukahazitira kandi hagakorwa isuku ku buryo buba ari ubusitani bugaragara neza. Ushobora gutera indabo mu rugo ariko zikaba ari zimwe zitarabya zikoze nk’ibiti bigufi ,maze hafi y’umuryango ukahatera igiti kinini cy’umutako nacyo kimeze nk’ururabo,gikura gifite amataje.

### Pasiparumu

Hari kandi utera pasiparumu imbuga yose,agakora urugo rwubakishije ibiti by’imitako bigufi,maze agatera igiti kimwe kirekire cy’ururabo ariko gikura kikaba nk’inganzamarumbo,ku buryo kigaba amashami ahantu hanini ,maze abantu bakajya bicara munsi yacyo bafata akayaga kuko kiba kizana amahumbezi. Ubu nibwo buryo umuntu yakora ubusitani mu rugo iwe akoresheje ibiti birebire ariko bikaba byiza iyo abivanze n’indabo cyangwa ibindi biti bigufi,maze hagahora amahumbezi n’imbumuro nziza y’ibimera.

### Amashakiro
Beterave

Beterave ni igihingwa kibarirwa mu binyabijumba n’ubwo ubusanzwe ari uruboga. beterave itukura ikunze guhingwa mu Rwanda, ari nayo iyi nkuru yibandaho, igice cyo hasi cyangwa se ikijumba cyayo ni cyo kiribwa, mu gihe hari n’ubundi bwoko bwa beterave buribwa amababi gusa.

### Ubuhinzi

beterave ni igihingwa kitagoye guhinga kuko ntigikenera ubutaka bunini cyane, zahingwa no mu murima muto, n’ umuntu ashobora no kuzihinga mu karima k’igikoni. beterave ikunda ikirere kidashyuha cyane, ngo ikunda ahantu hari igipimo cy’ubushyuhe kiri hagati ya 15-23c (degre), kugira ngo ikure neza. Gusa na none ngo yihanganira ubushyuhe ugereranyije nibindi, kandi igakunda cyane ubutaka bw’umusenyi cyane kurusha ubutaka bw’inombe, ikanihanganira ubutaka busharira butarengeje gatandatu.

beterave iterwa, umuntu ashobora gutera umurama cyangwa se utubuto twa beterave mu murima yifuza ko zizakuriramo akazisarura cyangwa se akabanza guhumbika umurama, akazimurira ingemwe mu murima yateguye nyuma. Utubuto twa beterave tumera hagati y’iminsi icumi na cumi n’ine (10-14), kugira ngo umuntu agemure izameze, arategereza urugemwe rukagira amababi ane cyangwa atandatu akabona kurwimura.

### Umurima

umuntu ategura umurima agiye guteramo beterave, abanza kuwuhinga neza, nyuma agacamo utuntu tumeze nk’uduferege cyangwa se nk’uturingoti tugufi tutarengeje santimetero ebyiri (2cm), hagati y’agaferege n’akandi hakajyamo sentimetero mirongo ine(40cm).

Mu gutera imbuto za beterave, umuntu ashyira utubuto 2-3 hamwe akarenzaho agataka, agashyiramo intera ya santimetero makumyabiri n’eshanu (25cm), agatera utundi tubuto 2-3 hamwe akarenzaho itaka ricyeya, agakomeza atyo kugeza arangije gutera agaferege kose bitewe n’uko kareshya.

### Amashakiro
Pasiparume

Pasiparume ni umuryango w'ibimera byitwa monocotyledonous byurutonde Poales, birimo amoko agera ku 12.000 y'ibyatsi bisa ubururu, Pasiparume yatangiye gukoreshwa muri 780, aho yaje nogukwirakwira mu  isi yose. Pasiparume ikaba imaze kugira umubare w'ubwoko bwinshi cyane, ukaba ari umuryango wa gatanu wibimera by'indabyo, nyuma ya Asteraceae, Orchidaceae, Fabaceae na Rubiaceae.

* Pasiparume ikaba ukunzwe gukoreshwa cyane mu gukora ubusitani butandyukanye.
* Pasiparume ikaba kandi ikoreshwa mugukora ikibuga cyo gukiniraho.
* Pasiparume rimwe na nimwe bitewe nigihe cy'izuba icya ihinduka ibiryo by'amatungo.

## Amashakiro
GREAT CRESTED FLYCATCHER

## GREAT CRESTED FLYCATCHER
Ni inyoni nini yica udukoko two mumuryango w'igitugu, ni umunyamuryango ukunzwe cyane mubwoko

bwa Myiarchus muri amerika ya ruguru kandi uboneka hafi y'ibice byinshi by'uburasirazuba no hagati

y'uburengerazuba itura cyane mubiti kandii nigake iboneka hasi.

murubu bwoko inyoni ikuze akenshi ipima hagati ya (17-21 CM (6.7-8.3IN) mu burebure hamwe n'amababa

agera kuri (30Cm (13 IN)  iyi nyoni ubusanzwe ipima hagati ya (27-40 G (0.95-1.41 OZ)

Iyo iyinyoni imaze gukura ubusanza ifite ibara ryijimye hejuru y'umutwe hamwe n'umuhondo, ikagira umurizo

muremure wijimye igice cy'amabere yazo hasa n'ivu.

zikunda kororoka mumashyambe kimeza ndetse riri muburasirazuba y'amerika ya ruguru

izi nyoni zikunda kujya ahantu hirengereeye zikagenda ziguruka kugirango kugirango zifate udukoko nkumuhigo

cyangwa rimwe na rimwe igakura umuhigo kubimera, inyubako cyangwa imbuto .https://www.allaboutbirds.org/news/ https://www.allaboutbirds.org/guide/Great_Crested_Flycatcher/id

## GUTURA NO GUKWIRAKWIRA
Ihitamo rinini cyane ry'imyororokere rishobora gutandukana gato cyane no kuzindi nyoni , ariko nanone 

ishobora kokoroka cyane mumashyamba .yimeza ndetse no kumpera y'imisozi n'ibit bivanze, bigaragara 

kandi n'imyumvire yo gutonesha ahantu nyaburanga, nk'amashyamba ya kabiri cyangwa amashyamba 

yagiye akura muburyo butandukanye kandi bigaragarako yirinze gutura ahantu heza cyane nko mubice bya canada

Inyubako yayo itangira muri mata hagati y'inyo zo mumajyepfo zose hamwe no muri k kamena amuzituye mu

mu majyaruguru.https://www.allaboutbirds.org/guide/Great_Crested_Flycatcher/overviewhttps://ebird.org/species/grcflyhttps://www.audubon.org/field-guide/bird/great-crested-flycatcher

izinyoni zombi zigerageza gushaka ahantu hashoboka gutura icyari ahani cyubakwa n'ingore mugihe 

mugihe ingabo iba iraho hafi iyicungiye umutekano. ubuvumo bunini cyane nahantu hanini niho hatoranijwe

muguturamo, byari bisanzwe bibamwo cyangwa byaracukuwe nubundi bwoko kimwe niko zikoresha 

udusanduku cyangwa se izindi nyubako zituwemo n'abantu, imyanya myinshi yatoranijwe ni 2m na 6m

uvuye ku mashyamba (11,15) icyari ubwacyo cyubakwa mu minsi ibiri kugeza kuri ine kandi kigizwe 

ahanini nibimera, nkibyatsi ,mose,amababi, amababa ndetse n'ubwoya https://web.archive.org/web/20230228135248/https://abcbirds.org/bird/great-crested-flycatcher/

itera amagi hagati yamagi ane n' umunani agaterwa hagati y'ibyumweru bibiri gusa, nyuma yo guturaga 

ibyana biba bizamara ibyumweru bibiri mbere yo guhunga . muricyo gihe ibyana bigaburirwa udukoko

twiganjemo indyo z'abyeyi bombi.https://animalia.bio/great-crested-flycatcherhttps://mdc.mo.gov/discover-nature/field-guide/great-crested-flycatcher
Kugabanya ibihumanya ikirere birinda ubuzima bwacu

Imyuka ihumanya ikirere ituruka mu nzego zitandukanye z'ubukungu nk'ubwikorezi, ingufu, inganda, ndetse no mu masoko karemano nko mu kuruka kw'ibirunga, inkubi y'umuyaga, n'umuriro. Ubwiza bwiza bwikirere bugira uruhare runini mubuzima bw'ubuzima bw'abantu no kubidukikije. 2022 wabaye umwaka utoroshye,  mpeshyi yaho hagaragaye ubushyuhe bwinshi cyane mu bice binini byo mu majyaruguru y'isi, byerekana ko byihutirwa gukomeza kugenzura ihindagurika ry’ikirere. Gutinya ejo hazaza akenshi bituma abantu bava mubibazo, kuko bumva biteguye gukora ikintu icyo aricyo cyose kugirango icyo kibazo gikemuke. Ubumenyi bw'ikirere burasobanutse neza kuburyo kuri buri gice cyahantu hashyuha bashobora gukumirwa ingaruka z'ubwo bushyuhedu kugira ngo ubuzima bukomeze kugenda neza. Ibyo bivuze ko hari ibyakorwa kugirango tugabanye ibyangiza ikirere.

## Ibihumanya ikirere
Ibihumanya ikirere harimo; 

* Gutwika ibintu bitandukanya 
* Imyuka iva mu nganda
* Imyuka iva mubinyabiziga
* Gutera imiti yica udukoko

## Ingaruka z'ikirere gihumanye ku buzima bw'umuntu

Ikirere kimeze neza kandi kidahumanye , kigatanga umwuka mwiza abantu bahumeka ubuzima bukaba bwiza. Raporo y’Ishamiry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ryita ku Buzima (WHO) igaragaza ko buri mwaka abantu miliyoni enye n’ibihumbi magana abiri (4,200,000) bapfa bazize indwara ziterwa no guhumeka umwuka wanduye zirimo iz’umutima, kanseri y’ibihaha n’izindi ndwara zifata mu myanya y’ubuhumekero cyane cyane ku bana.  Ubwiza bw’ikirere bufitanye isano rya hafi n’ikirere cy’isi n’ibinyabuzima ku isi. Benshi mu bashoferi bahumanya ikirere (ni ukuvuga gutwika ibicanwa bya fosile) nabo ni isoko y’ibyuka bihumanya ikirere. Politiki yo kugabanya ihumana ry’ikirere rero, itanga ingamba zakamaro haba ku kirere ndetse n’ubuzima, bikagabanya umutwaro w’indwara ziterwa n’ ’ikirere gihumanye, ndetse no kugira uruhare mu kugabanya imihindagurikire y’ikirere mu gihe cya vuba kandi kirekire.

## Ibyavuze na Minisitiri w’Ibidukikije  Dr Mujawamariya Jeanne D’Arc
Minisitiri w’Ibidukikije  Dr Mujawamariya Jeanne D’Arc yasambye buri munyarwanda cyane cyane abatuye Umujyi wa Kigali kugira icyo akora kugira ngo umwuka duhumeka urusheho kuba mwiza. Yagize ati “ndahamagarira buri munyarwanda cyane cyane abatuye Umujyi wa Kigali kwitabira kugenda mu modoka za rusange, kugenda n’amaguru aho bishoboka, kureka gucana amakara n’inkwi bagatekesha gazi n’izindi ngufu zitangiza ikirere no gutera ibiti ahashobooka hose.”

## Ibyakorwa kugirango tugabanye ihumanywa ry'ikirere
Umuti wo guca umwanda wigihe gito urashobora gushyirwa mubikorwa uyumunsi. Byose bishingiye ku ikoranabuhanga rihari kandi birashobora gukorwa nta kiguzi cyangwa gito. Hari ibikorwa byashyirwa mu bikorwa kugirango hagabanywe iyangirika ry'ikirere. Muribyo bikorwa harimo; kugabanya metani iva mu myanda (harimo imyanda y'ibiribwa) n'ubuhinzi; kugabanya ibyuka byangiza imyuka iva mu guteka mu rugo, gucana no gushyushya, no kuri moteri ikora cyane mu makamyo, bisi n'amato; no kugabanya imyuka ya metani iva mu bicuruzwa bya peteroli na gaze.

## Amashakiro
Ubuhinzi bw'indabyo

Indabyo ni kimwe mu bimera bishobora kwimeza cyangwa se guhingwa bitewe n’impamvu zitandukanye zirimo iziri karemano cyangwa izihingwa nabantu. Ni kimwe mu bimera bikundwa n’abantu batandukanye kubera ubwiza bwazo cyane cyane ab’igitsina gore. benshi uko biyumva babonye indabyo n’icyo bazibonamo kuko kuri benshi bemezako ari ingirakamaro mu buzima bwabo.

Ibitekezo kundabyo

* Kubona indabyo gusa mpita     mbona urukundo nkumva ndanezerewe.
* kureba indabyo bimuha     amahoro ndetse n’ikizere
* Indabyo zisobanura     ibyishimo, umunezero, urukundo, isuku, urwibutso ndetse ukaba n’umutako.

**Ubuhinzi bw’indabo**

Ubuhinzi bw’indabo ni ishoramari ryunguka kandi rimaze guhabwa agaciro. Ni ishoramari rishobora kwinjiza amadovize mu gihugu ndetse rigaha n’imirimo ku batari bake hirya nohino kwisi.

Umutuku.

Ubusobanuro: Izi ndabo zisobanura Urukundo.

**Amashakiro**
Indabyo

Nubwo indabyo zizanira umunezero nyirukuzihabwa ni byiza kumenya ubusobanuro bwizo utanga kugirango hato utabeshya umuntu ko umwifuza nk’umufasha wawe mu gihe warugamije kumwifuriza gukira cyangwa ngo umusabe imbabazi cyangwa wifuzaga kumubwira ko wamukunze.

### Amabara y’ indabyo zikunze

### Umutuku
**Ubusobanuro:** Izi ndabo zisobanura Urukundo.

**Umuntu uziha:** Umuntu ugomba guha bene izi ndabo z’umutuku ni umuntu “ukunda“ cyangwa “uwo ushaka kubibwira bwambere” yewe ushobora no kuziha “umugore wawe mwabyaranye“. Izi ni indabo nziza zo gutanga ku munsi w’abakundana uzwi nka St Valentin. Ushobora no kuziha umuntu ufitiye icyubahiro cyinshi ariko hano bitewe n’umubare wizo wamuhaye bishobora kugira ubusobanuro bugiye butandukanye.Tuzabibagezaho mu nkuru itaha.

### Umuhondo
**Ubusobanuro:** izi ndabo zisonanura “ubucuti“, “umunezero“ no “kwifuriza umuntu gukira“.

**Umuntu uziha:** Izi ndabo uziha muntu mwakundanye wenda nyuma mukaza gutandukana, ariko wenda ushaka ko musubirana,, bene izi ndabo ushobora no kuziha inshuti yawe ivuye mu mahanga, cyangwa ukaziha umuntu wagukoreye ikintu cyiza ukumva ubuze uburyo bwo kumushimiramo cyangwa ukaziha umuntu urwaye umwifuriza gukira.

### Umweru
**Ubusobanuro:** Izi ndabo zo zisobanura “ukwera“, “ubusugi“, “ubuzirafuti“,”umunezero“

**aho zikoreshwa:** Mu minsi ya cyera izi ndabo ni zo zasobanuraga urukundo ariko byaje guhinduka ubu busobanura buhabwa izitukura. Izi ndabo z’umweru ubundi zikoreshwa mu birori by’umwihariko nko mu bukwe kuko zinasobanura umunezero.Indabo zumweru kandi zishobora no gukoreshwa mu kwibuka umuntu wakundaga ariko watabarutse.

### Orange
**Ubusobanuro**: Ubusanzwe iri bara rivuka iyo havanzwe umuhondo numukara, bishatse kuvuga ko izi ndabo za orange ziba nkikiraro gihuza ubucuti

**Umuntu uziha:** Izi ni indabo waha inshuti yawe uyibwira ko wishimiye ibyo yagezeho, ushobora nko kuzitanga “kumunyeshuri warangije“, “uwazamuye muntera yakazi“ cyangwa “ababyeyi bibarutse umwana“.

### Move
**Ubusobanuro:** Izi ndabo zisobanura kwishimira umuntu, icyubahiro ndetse n’urukundo rwako kanya (coup de foudre mu gifaransa).

**Umuntu uziha:** Ushaka kubwira umuntu ko wamubonye ugahita umukunda aribyo benshi bita coup de foudre cyangwa Love at first sight mu ndimi z’amahanga,wakwifashisha izi ndabo. Izi ndabo zigira n’ubundi busobanuro ariko ubu bwa love at first nibwo bukunda gukoreshwa ubwo rero ni ukwitondera gutanga izi ndabo utazaziza umuntu maze agacyeka ibindi.

### Amashakiro
Igitunguru gitukura

Igitunguru gitukura tugikoresha kenshi nk’ikirungo, tugiye gukaranga se, no ku ifiriti cyangwa salade. Ibiryo kirimo wumva bihumura neza, Gufata neza umusaruro w'ibitunguru ni ingenzi. Ibitunguru biba bigeze igihe cy’isarura igihe imitwe ireba hasi,  bitewe n’ubwoko bw’ibitunguru. Umusaruro w’ibitunguru ushobora kugera kuri toni 25 kuri hegitari, aha turi kureba ibitunguru bitukura.

## '''kamaro k’igitunguru ku buzima'''
* Iyo uriwe n’uruyuki, gikate utsirime ahariwe, bivura kubyimbirwa no kuryaryatwa
* Igitunguru kibamo quercetin ikaba izwiho guhangana na kanseri
* Kukirya kibisi bifasha mu kurwanya cholesterol mbi mu mubiri. Iyi cholesterol mbi ituma umutima uteragura nabi
* Amababi yacyo akize kuri Vitamin A. Kuyateka mu biryo bifite akamaro. Iyi vitamin izwiho kurwanya ubuhumyi, n’imikurire mibi
* Kiri mu miti ivura inkorora, grippe, ndetse kinarwanya mikorobi
* Ku bagabo kurya ibitunguru birinda kanseri ya porositate
* Kirimo chrome ikaba izwiho kuringaniza isukari yo mu maraso
* Vitamin B9 irimo ifasha mu gutekereza neza, gusinzira neza no kugira appetit
* Vitamin C izwiho kongera collagen ifasha mu gutunganya umubiri n’umusatsi. Ariko ntibivuze kucyisiga, nukukirya, ibisigaye umubiri urabyimenyera
* Kubirya ni ukubihekenya, kubitekana n’ibiryo, kubikoramo salade (aha urabikatakata ugakamuriraho indimu ugashyiramo n’akunyu gacye
* Kuri  bamwe bishobora kubatera ikirungurira cyangwa kuzana imyuka mu nda. Icyo gihe ubikoresha mu biryo gusa kuko ho ntacyo bitwara. Ikindi aho kubishyira mu mavuta wacaniriye, ahubwo jya ubikatira hejuru yibyo kurya ugiye kubiterura ku ziko. Niho biba bifite umwimerere wabyo.

### Amashakiro
Ubwatsi

Umurimo wo gukora ubwatsi haba ubw'amatungo, ubwo mu busitani, ndetse mu rwego rwo guhangana n’ikibazo cy’ibura ry'ubwatsi, haba mu gihe cy’izuba cyangwa imvura nyinshi cyatumaga ibiciro byabwo bizamuka, umusaruro w’amata ukagabanuka, rero ikigo cy’Igihugu Gishinzwe Ubuhinzi n’Ubworozi cyatangije uburyo bwo  guhunika, kubungabunga ndetse no gukora ubwatsi mu rwego rwo kwirinda ubwatsi bwabura haba impeshyi cyangwa mugihe habaye ibiza.

### Uko bukorwa
Tubanza kwinika imbuto mu mazi mbere yo gutangira gutera, uburyo dukoramo nta kindi dukoresha, nta mafumbire mvaruganda dukoresha, usibye kumenya uburyo bikorwamo, ubundi tukuhira ubwatsi n’amazi gusa, mu gihe cy’ iminsi irindwi amatungo aba yatangiye kurisha.

### Kubuhunika
Abaturage iyo igihe cy’impeshyi cyageze, bakwiye kwita kuri gahunda zo guhunika ubwatsi hakoreshejwe uburyo butandukanye, bwaba ukubika ubwatsi bwumye, kubika ubwatsi bubisi hifashishijwe amashashi yabugenewe ndetse n’uburyo bumenyerewe nko gukoresha umwobo muremure ugashyiramo shitingi ubundi ugashyiramo ubwatsi ukabubikamo.

### Amashakiro
Imboga za Kayote

**Kayote** Ifasha kurinda Kanseri zitandukanye mu mubiri **:**Kayote igira ibyo bita apigenin and luteolin bigafsha gusohora imyanda(free radicals) itera Kanseri mu mubiri.Ni isoko ry’imbaraga**:**Kayote igira Potasiyumu,igira uruhare rukomeye mu gutuma umubiri ugira ingufu.Muri Miligarama 100 za Kayote,habamo Milligarama 125 za Potasiyumu.

## Tumenye Imboga za Kayote
Kayote Irinda gusaza vuba **:** Kayote ni imboga zigira ibyo bita Flavonoids zifasha umubiri mu guhangana n’ibiwangiza,bityo bigatuma umuntu adasaza vuba ndetse no kurwaragurika.Ivura utubuye two mu mpyiko (Kidney Stones) **:** Kayote cyane cyane amababi yazo,akoreshwa mu kuvura utubuye two mu mpyiko.Ibi byagaragajwe n’ubushakashatsi bwakorewe muri universite yo muri Amerika bita University of North Florida.Amababi kandi ya Kayoti afasha mu kugabanya umuvuduko w’amaraso.Ifasha gutakaza ibiro **:** Kayote kimwe n’ubundi bwoko bw’ibihaza,ntibigira ibivumbikisho (Calories),urugimbu ndeste n’ibinure.Ni byiza rero niba ushaka kuringaniza ibiro,ko wajya ukunda kwirira Kayote ku mafunguro yawe.Ifasha abagore batwite kubyara abana badafite ubumuga **:** Kayote igiramo vitamin bita Folate,iyi rero ifasha kwirema k’uturemangingo tw’urusoro mu nda ku bagore batwite,bityo bigatuma umwana avuka ameze neza.Twababwira ko umugore utwite akenera 23% bya Folate,ari nayo iboneka muri Kayote.Ifasha kugabanya urugimbu mu mitsi y’amaraso (Cholesterol) **:** Kayote ntabwo igiramo amavuta,ku bantu rero bafite urugimbu rwinshi ndetse n’abashaka kwirinda urugimbu rwinshi,ni byiza gukoresha Kayote.

## Ibindi wamenya kuri Kayote

Kayote Irinda Impatwe (Constipation) **:** Kayote igiramo ibyo bita Fibers bifasha igogorwa ry’ibiryo kugenda neza.Bityo bigatuma wirinda impatwe,kujya ku musarani bikagenda neza.Igabanya umuvuduko w’amaraso **:** Kurya Kayote bigabanya umuvuduko w’amaraso.Ibi byemejwe n’ubushakashatsi bwakorewe muri universite yitwa Purdue University muri Amerika.Irinda indwara z’umutima **:** Kayote zigira amavitamini y’ingenzi mu gukora neza k’umubiri, nkuko urubuga healthbenefits dukesha iyi nkuru ruvuga ko imwe muri ayo mavitamini ni C, Ikaba ifasha mu gusukura umubiri bigatuma bikurinda indwara zitandukanye zibasira umutima.Irinda kubura amaraso (Anemia) **:** Kubura Vitamini B12 na Fer bituma umuntu abura amaraso, Kayote rero ikungahaye kuri ibyo bintu bibiri, kuyikoresha rero ni byiza ku bantu bafite ikibazo cy’amaraso make.

## Amashakiro
Dufatanye kurera abana

**Dufatanye kurera  bana** ni uburyo bwihariye bwo kwita ku bana bitewe inkunga cyangwa bigakorwa n'umukoresha.  bishobora kuba nk'irerero cyangwa bikaba ari nk'inshingano rusange za sosiyete  . Ishobora guha ababyeyi bakora akazi  amahirwe yo  kuringaniza  umurimo-ubuzima . Amashyirahamwe atera inkunga kwita ku bana  ashobora kongera ubudahemuka bw'abakozi ,kugabanya  abakozi basiba akazi,  kugabanya ikiruhuko gihabwa uwabyaye  no kunoza akazi. 

## Ingengabihe
Ibigo byatangiye gahunda yo kwita ku bana ku bakozi bato b' ibisekuruza Y, benshi muri bo bifuza gushyiraho  umurimo  n' ubuzima biringaniye bagakomeza akazi kabo  kandi bakabona n' amafaranga. Ababyeyi benshi bakora bahura n’ibibazo nko kubura ahantu hisanzuye mu bigo rusange byincuke , gahunda zidakwiye, serivisi zihenze zo kwita ku bana  mu mashuri y'abana y'igenga no mu marerero, serivisi ziciriritse cyangwa kumarana igihe gito n'umwana. Gahunda zo gufatanya  kwita kubana zigamije gukemura ibi bibazo. Porogaramu nk'izo zikubiyemo ibi bikurikira:

* Isosiyete itanga ahantu hashya ho kwita ku bana
* Ingengabihe ishyirwaho ku masaha babyeyi bakora akazi
* Isosiyete irashobora kwishingira ibyakenerwa byose cyangwa igafatanya n'ababyeyi
* Umwimerere mwiza (kubera gahunda yo gushaka abakozi, uburezi burambye, iterambere ryabarimu)
* Igihe kinini cyo kumarana nabana (mugihe cyo bimuwe)

## Icyitegererezo
Buri gahunda iha abana imikurire myiza hamwe nicyitegererezo cyuburezi cyateguwe nabarimu babishoboye

* Nido(ifu y'amata) ihabwa abana kuva ku myaka 0 kugeza ku myaka 1
* ihuriro ry'abana bafite myaka 0–3
*  Ishuri ry'incuke / ihuriro ry'abana bafite imyaka 3-6
* Kwita ku bana basubiye inyuma mumikurire 0–3 и 3-6
* Kampu y'abana  bafite imyaka itandukanye  (kuva kuri 3 kugeza kuri 14) muminsi y'ikiruhuko

## Inyungu zishoboka

* Kongera ubudahemuka bw'abakozi bose
* Kubungabunga abakozi mu gihe cy'ikiruhuko cyo kubyara
* Kugabanya abakozi basiba akazi kubera kubyara
* Kugabanuka kw'amafaranga yo kwivuza
* Kongera umusaruro w'abakozi
* Kongera imbaraga mu kureberera no kwita ku nshingano z'umukoresha
* Iterambere ryumuryango ushingiye kumico yibigo
* Amafaranga yazigamye mu gushaka no guhugura abakozi bashya

## Reba
Spirulina

Spirulina ni ikinyabuzima kikaba mu bimera kuko nacyo gikora ibyitwa photosynthesis aho cyifashisha urumuri rw’izuba hagakorwa ingufu. Ariko nanone ni bagiteri yo mubwoko bwa cyanobacterium ikanashyirwa mu itsinda ry’ibyitwa blue-green algae. Spirulina kuribwa kwayo bifite inkomoko mu bwoko bw’aba Aztecs bakaba abaturage bo muri Amerika yo hagati, ubu ni mu gihugu cya Mexico. Spirulina nka algae zose ikaba ikurira mu mazi yaba ay’inyanja cyangwa ibiyaga n’imigezi. Kuri ubu kubera iterambere iki kiribwa kiri gusakara ahantu hose ndetse no mu gihugu cyacu kirahaboneka aho kiba ari ifu wavuga ko ari ikirungo niyo mpamvu twahisemo muri iyi nkuru kuvuga akamaro kayo kanyuranye ku buzima dore ko ubu n’ikigo cya NASA kiri gushaka uko bagihinga mu isanzure ngo abagenda mu byogajuru bajye bagikoresha bari mu isanzure.

## '''Ni isoko ihambaye y’intungamubiri'''
Ubusanzwe ku munsi uba usabwa gukoresha hagati ya 1g na 3g zayo ariko niyo wageza kuri 10g nta kosa ririmo. Ikiyiko cy’ifu yayo (nka 7g) haba harimo:

* Poroteyine 4g
* Vitamin B1 ingana na 11% y
* Vitamin B2 ingana na 15% 
* Vitamin B3 ingana na 4% 
* Kubyimbura no kurwanya uburozi mu mubiri
* Kugabanya igipimo cya cholesterol mbi
* rwanya kanseri by’umwihariko yo mu kanwa
* ugabanya umuvuduko udasanzwwe w’amaraso

## Amashakiro
Ibiro bishinzwe kwita ku bana

**Ibiro bishinzwe kwita ku bana** (OCC) ni igice cy’ishami nyobozi ry’Amerika riyobowe n’ubuyobozi bw’abana n’imiryango hamwe n’ishami ry’ubuzima n’ibikorwa bya muntu .  : 597  Ryashinzwe ku mugaragaro mu mwaka wa 2010 risimbye ibiro  byita ku bana, ubwacyo kikaba cyarashinzwe kubera ubuyobozi bushinzwe abana, urubyiruko n'imiryango mu 1995 n'ubuyobozi bwa Clinton .   : 275 OCC yari yarashinzwe mbere nk'umuryango utemewe mu biro bishinzwe kwita ku bana na umuhanga muby'imitekerereze y'abantu Edward Zigler, wari ugizwe mbere n'abakozi babiri gusa.  : 275 

OCC iyobora Ikigega Gishinzwe Guteza Imbere Abana (CCDF), "gutera inkunga imiryango yita ku bana bari munsi y'imyaka 13", byongeyeho guhuza  leta, ubutaka, na leta z'amoko ku bijyanye no kwita ku bana, gutera inkunga uburenganzira bwo kwita kubana, no gutanga ubuyobozi nubufasha bwa tekiniki.   Guhera 2015  yatanze miliyoni 10 z'amadorali yo gutera inkunga ubushakashatsi, kwerekana no gusuzuma bijyanye no kwita ku bana, no gushyigikira ububiko bwa murandasi, Kwita ku Bana n' ubushakashatsi k'uburezi bw'ibanze.  Nkibisabwa muri  2014 hongera gutangwa uburenganzira bwaCCDF, OCC nayo ikora  urubuga ChildCare.gov, rutanga uburezi b'ugurwa ku babyeyi, kandi rukoresha umurongo wa telefoni w’ababyeyi, kugira ngo rutange amakuru ku ihohoterwa ry’ubuzima n’umutekano. 

As of 2018[update] the OCC was headed by Director Shannon Christian, and employed 67 full time staff.: 366 

## Reba kandi
 

* Gufatanya kurera abana
* Kurera muri Amerika
* Urutonde rwibigo bya federasiyo muri Amerika

## Reba

## Ihuza ryo hanze

* Official website
* Child Care & Early Education Resource Connections, funded by the Office of Child Care