open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Ubwenge

### Ubwenge
**ubwenge** ni ijambo risobanura ubushobozi bwo guca imanza muburyo bufatika hashingiwe kugufata ibyemezo bishingiye kubumenyi, uburambe, no gusobanukirwa.kandi  Ntabwo ubwenge bukubiyemo kumenya icyo gukora gusa, ahubwo no kumenya igihe nuburyo bwo kubikora neza.

Dore ibintu bimwe byingenzi biranga ubwenge:

1. ***guca urubanza muburyo bwumvikana***:Ubwenge burimo ubushobozi bwo gusuzuma ibintu neza no gukora amahitamo ashingiye kugusobanukirwa ibintu neza muburyo bwimbitse.

2. ***Uburambe***:ububwenge Bukunze gukomoka  mubuzima bwaburimunsi,aho abantu biga binyuze mugutsindwa cyangwa gutsinda, bikabafasha gukoresha ubwo bumenyi mubihe bizaza.

3. ***Ubushishozi bwo gusobanukirwa***:Ubwenge bukubiyemo ubushobozi bwo kubona ibirenze ibyo umuntu wese yabona no gusobanukirwa ukuri gushingiye kubihamya bifatika, biganisha kugusobanukirwa byimbitse ikintu cyangwa umuntu runaka.

4. ***Ubwenge bw'amarangamutima***:Umuntu w'umunyabwenge akenshi aba afite ubwenge bwamarangamutima buhambaye, bumwemerera kwishyira mu mwanya w'abandi no kumva ibitekerezo bitandukanye   nibye.

5. ***Kuringaniza ubuzima***:Ubwenge bukubiyemo uburyo bwo gushaka uko waringaniza ibice bitandukanye by'ubuzima, birimo nkamarangamutima ,imitekerereze,akazi,nibindi..., intego z'igihe gito nintego zigihe kirekire.

6. ***Gutekereza ku myitwarire***:Ubwenge bujyanye kenshi no gutekereza kundangagaciro, ziyobora umuntu guhitamo ibifite akamaro kuriwe  ndetse na societe muri rusange.

**Umwanzuro**

Muri make, ubwenge ni ibice bitandukanye bikubiyemo ubumenyi, uburambe, nubushobozi bwo kubishyira mubikorwa muburyo bwimitekerereze n'imyitwarire bihabwa agaciro cyane mumico itandukanye kandi bukunze guhabwa agaciro nabantu bashaka kwitezimbere kugiti cyabo ndetse no guteza abandi imbere.

## ishakiro:
Inkuru y'a baltasar

= imva ni mvano y'a Baltasar =
Baltasar umugabo wamateka akomeye cyane . uyu umugabo baltasar ni uwo muri eguatorial guinea .

Uyu mugabo yakuze ari umwana udakunzwe, utarahawe,  umwanya ngo atange ibitekerezo bye muri make umwana utarahawe "care" . yarangwaga no kwigunga bityo ntiyisanzure maze bikamutera kwigunga .

= impamvu y'abiriya yakoze afata amashusho =
baltasar yifataga video kuberako yabikoze nko kwivura indwara imuvura akabona ibyishimo byinshi yabuze akiri muto ibyo bikamutera gufata amashusho aryamanye n'abagore n'abakobwa babayobozibakomeye nabasebuja bamuyoboye ndetse yaranihereraga akishima cyane nkumuntu utsinze igitego .  

= ibidasanzwe =
uyu baltasar ahabera umuntu udasanzwe naho yarongoye cg yifashe amashuso aryamanye n'abagore n'abakobwa bagera agera muri 400 aryamanye nabashebuja ndetse nabandi bakomeye cyane .
Gilbert Byiringiro

**Gilbert Byiringiro** yavutse kuya 1 Nyakanga 2000, ni umunyarwanda ukina umupira wa maguru mu ikipe ya APR FC, akaba akina muri bamyugariro.

## Amashakiro
Icyiyaga cya muhazi

**ICYIYAGA CYA MUHAZI**

icyiyaga cya muhazi giherereye mukarere ka rwamagana ikiyaga cya muhazi cyangirika mugihe abantu bagikoresheje nabi nkiyo umuntu ataye umwandawe ahantu hatateganyijwe nko kugasozi iyo abantu bakoresheje iyi fumbire, amagi y’inzoka ya Ascaris imvura iyo iguye atarukira ku bimera, abantu babisarura bakayajyana mu rugo

Iyo batabisukuye neza abinjiramo, iyo imvura iguye amagi atembanwa n’amazi akajya mu bishanga, abahinzi bahinga akabinjiramo.leta y urwanda irabasaba gukoresha  neza

## AKAMARO KI CYIYAGA CYA MUHAZI
Icyiyaga cya muhazi gikorerwamo uburobyi gifasha ubukerarugendo
Alphonse Ndanda

**Nizeyimana Alphonse**, uzwi cyane ku izina rya **Ndanda Alphonse** yavutse ku ya 1 Mutarama 1990, avukira mu mujyi wa Kigali, mu Rwanda, yatangiye umwuga we nk'umuzamu, akinira amakipe menshi akomeye yo mu Rwanda, harimo Rayon Sports FC, Mukura, na AS Kigali hamwe ni kipe nkuru y'igihugu. Atuye mu Bwongereza, aho yagiye mu mwuga w'ubutoza, agaragaza ko ari ambasaderi w'umupira w'amaguru mu Rwanda kuri kimwe mu byiciro byo guhangana ku isi.
## Umwuga
Ubu, nk'umutoza, yakoresheje ubwo bwitange mu nshingano ze nshya, atoza abakinnyi bakiri bato kandi yemeza ko bafite ibikoresho n'ubuyobozi kugira ngo batsinde. Umusanzu we ntiwazamuye gusa umupira w'amaguru mu Rwanda ahubwo wanakinguye amarembo y'abakinnyi b'u Rwanda gushakisha amahirwe mu makipe yo mu Burayi, cyane cyane mu Bwongereza.
Abakinnyi b’u Rwanda barashobora gukomeza kungukirwa n’amasosiyete mpuzamahanga ndetse n’urubuga yashyizeho, bigatanga inzira yo kwinjiza benshi mu bakinnyi b’umupira w’amaguru bo mu Rwanda mu makipe akomeye yo mu Burayi.
Ubwitange bwa Alphonse mu guteza imbere umupira w'u Rwanda ni ntagereranywa, kandi imbaraga ze zimubera urumuri rw'ibisekuruza bizaza bifuza kugera ku rwego rwo hejuru muri siporo.

## Ubuzima bwite
Ndanda avuka mu Rwanda ku Gisozi, Akarere ka Gasabo mu mujyi wa Kigali.

= Inkomoko =
KORORERA MU KIRARO

## UBUSOBANURO
Kororera mu kiraro nuburyo bwo korora amatungo ari hamwe, ibyo bigafasha uworoye ayo matungo kuyakurikirana, kuyagaburira , kuyavura, kuyarinda indwara no mu buryo bwo gutanga ifumbire nyinshi mugihe gito,  nibindi.

## IBYATUMAGA UMUSARURO W'INKA ZOROREWE MUKIRARO ZITAGIRA UMUSARURO
Reka  twivugire kubworozi bw'inka bukorewe mu kiraro, mu Rwanda abantu barimo bagenda bamenyera kororera mu kiraro kubera ko basanze kororera mugasozi ntanyungu byabagiraga nko kororera mubiraro, aho wasanganga inka zirwa ziruka imusozi, rimwe narimwe zigakurayo indwara nkuburondwe, uburenge, ikibagarira nizindi, ikindi kibazo inka zirisha mugasozi zahuraga nazo nukubyarana ni bimasa badashaka , ugasanga umuntu araragiye inka ze zihuye nikimasa mugasozo kirakibanguriye, ukazasanga abyaje inka yincenzi, ikindi kibazo  wasangaga abarozi batabona ifumbire kuko izo nka zabaga zataye amase mugasozi aho baziragiye, rimwe na rimwe umusaruro w' amata ugasanga wabaye mucye.

## ICY KORORERA MUKIRARO BYAFASHIJE
kororera mukiraro byafashije ababikora kubasha kwihaza  ku mukamo, kubasha gurwanya indwara zandurira mugasozi, kurwanya icyororo umuntu atahisemo kuko iyo bibaye ngobwa umuntu ashobora no kwifashisha intanga avugurura icyororo ke, kandi nanone bifasha kwihaza kwifumbire kubera ko inka ziba zita amase ahantu hamwe.

## Amashakiro
Ibijumba bya orange

Ibijumba bya orange n' ibijumba by' ibara ry' icunga bikungahaye kuri vitamine A, byatangiye guhingwa mu Rwanda mu mwaka wa 2015 biturutse ku cyemezo cya minisiteri y' ubuhinzi n' ubworozi ndetse na minisiteri y' ubuzima.

## Akamaro.
Abahanga mu by' ubuzima bavuga ko ibi bijumba bikungahaye kuri Vitamini A, ikaba vitamini y' ingenzi cyane ku bagore batwite, abana ndetse n' abantu bose muri rusange. ikihumba kimwe cya orange gipima garama 100 kirimo vitamini A yose umubiri w' umuntu ikenera kumunsi.

kandi abahanga bavuga ko ibijumba bya orange bibamo ibinyabutabire bya Alpha_carotene na Beta_Carotene bikaba iby' ingenzi cyane mu kurwanya canseri.

## Ishakiro
Ubushera

## Ubushera
Ubushera ini ikinyobwa gakondo kidasembuye gitegurwa hifashishijwe amasaka ,amazi n'ibikoresho nk'ikibindi ,indobo,isafuriya n'amakoma.

### uko ubushera butegurwa :
ubusanzwe kugirango  ikinyobwa cyitwa ubushera kiboneke ,ubanza kwinika amasaka mu gihe cy'iminsi itatu hanyuma ukayakura mu mazi ,ukayavanga n'ivu hanyuma ukayanika akuma neza.yamara kuma ukayasya agahinduka ifu.ushobora kwifashisha icyuma gisya ibinyampeke 

iyo ifu imaze kuboneka ,uyicanira mu mazi  mu gihe cy'isaha yose  bikabira ugakora igikoma ukongeramo amazi menshi ukagifungura ukabireka bikamara nibura amasaha cumi n'abiri bipfundikiye

#### Akamaro k'ubushera
ubushera ni ikinyobwa kigirira akamaro kanini abakunywa kuko burimo ama vitamini menshi n'imyunyu ngugu ifasha umubiri guhorana imbaraga n'imbaduko.

## Amashakiro
Ikaramu

Ijambo **“ikaramu”** ni ijambo rikoreshwa cyane mu buzima bwa buri munsi, cyane cyane mu burezi n’itumanaho. Dore amakuru arambuye kuri iryo jambo:
----

### 🖊️ 1. Ibisobanuro by’ijambo "ikaramu"

* **Ikaramu** ni igikoresho gikoreshwa mu **kwandika** cyangwa **gushushanya** ku mpapuro cyangwa ibindi bikoresho.
* Ishobora kuba ikozwe mu **byuma**, **plastike**, cyangwa **ibiti**, igakoresha **amarangi**, **inkwax**, cyangwa **amavuta yanditse**.

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### 📚 2. Ikoreshwa ry’ikarami mu buzima

* **Mu mashuri**: Abanyeshuri bayikoresha mu kwandika amasomo.
* **Mu kazi**: Abakozi b’amaofisi n’abandi bayikoresha mu kwandika inyandiko cyangwa gusinya.
* **Mu bugeni**: Abashushanyi bakoresha amakaramu yihariye mu gukora ibihangano.

----

### 🖋️ 3. Ubwoko bw’amakaramu

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### ✨ Ikaramu mu mvugo nyir’izina cyangwa y’ikigereranyo

* **Mvugo nyir’izina**:
** *Urugero:* Umwarimu yamuhaye **ikaramu** yo kwandika ibizamini.
* **Mvugo y’ikigereranyo**:
** *Urugero:* "Afite **ikaramu** y’igitangaza" – bivuga ko yandika cyangwa yandika ibihangano byiza cyane (nk’umwanditsi mwiza cyangwa umunyamakuru w’ubuhanga).

----

### 📝 Mu ncamake:

----ikaramu ni igikoresho kifashisha twandika .ikaba igizwe ni. 

kirahure nagatima kaba karimo umuti wifashishwa 

## Akamaro
Abantu benshi bavuze kwi karamu  ko ari ingirakamaro kuko uyaikoresheje atajya abura ikimurengera .ikaramu ni ngirakamaro uwakoresheje ikaramu arayirata iti "uwagukoresheje ntajya aburara" .ikaramu ni ngenzi kubuzima bwacu uri gihe tugomba kuyiha agaciro kuko ifite byinshi imara mubuzima 

ikaramu akenshi yifashishwa mukwiga cyane

## Amashakiro
Zoko

zoko ni umusozi muremure uherereye mu murenge wa mutete ho mukarere ka Gicumbi.

## '''Amateka avugwa kuruno musozi'''
uyu musozi wa zoko ufite uburebure bwa kilometero 3.5  zubutumburuke uturutse  kumuhanda mugari(kaburimbo) uva kigali ujya kumupaka wa gatuna, ujya i Gicumbi mu mugi cyangwa ujya muntara y"iburasirazuba mukarere ka nyagatare na gatsibo.

kuruyu musozi kandi bivuga ko ariho urupfu  rwamburiye ubuzima cacana  babanje kurwana inkundura .

kugirango ugere kumpinga yuyu musozi unyura mumuhanda uturutse muri santere  ya Gaseke ukazamuka mu muhanda ujya ku murenge wa mutete ari naho hubatse urwibutso rukuru ruruhukiyemo imibiri yabazize genocide  rwo mu karere ka Gicumbi.

## Ishakiro
Akamaro k'amagi

## Amagi niki?
Amagi ari mubiryo turya bikungahaye kuntunga nyinshi cyane ariko hari umubare utagomba kurenza k'umunsi.

Tugiye kurebera hamwe akamaro k'amagi ningaruka kuwarengeje umubare.

## Akamaro k'amagi

#### <small>Amagi afite vitamini a ifite ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri inafasha amaso kureba neza ifite na vitamini b9 ifasha umubiri</small>
mwikorwa ry 'amaraso afite na poroteyine z'ingenzi afite na vitamini f ifasha ubwonko gukora neza.

## Ibyo kwibuka!
Intungamubiri nyinshi 60%biri mumweru naho 40% biri mu muhondo

kumunsi dukwiye kurya nibura igi rimwe twarenza tukarya abiri mugihe urengeje 

bishobora ku gutera igifu.

## Ishakiro
Amazi meza

amazi ni ubwoko bw'ibisukika kandi amazi afite akamaro kanini kubiremwa byose .amazi mbere na mbere ya baye mbere ya byose,ariko m' u Rwanda ikigo gishinzwe amazi mu rwanda (WASAC) cyatangiye kubyaza amazi mo ibindi bintu.

## Akamaro K'amazi n'akahe?

* Abahanga mu bijyanye n'amazi bavuze ko amazi aringobwa mu mibereho y'ibinyabuzima muri rusange ,amazi afasha ibinyabuzima mu igogorwa ryi ibiryo mugihe amazi amanura bimwe mu biryo biba byasigaye muri zimwe munzi zigogorwa.

* kandi amazi afasha ibihingwa mu gukura neza  aho amazi ari mu byangobwa biba bikenewe kugira ngoibihingwa bikure neza cyane .Muri icyo gihe amazi aba arimo imyungu nka kalisiyumu ndetse n'iyindi myunyungugu.

* ndetse amazi akenshi afasha abantu mu gukomeza amagufwa ya muntu kubera amazi arimo karisiyumu ifasha mugukomezwa kwa amagufwa.

## Amashakiro
Ibigori by'umuhondo

ibigori by'umuhondo n'ibigori byibara ry'umuhondo bikungahaye kurivitamine A,B,na E bitewe nigihe bimaze bihingwa bigenda bicica arikona nanone simuribose ahubwo abakunda gushaka amafaranga badashaka ibivangiwe nibobabica kuko bivangira ibindi.

## Skamaro
ibigori byumuhondo bikungahaye kurivitamine B ariyo ifitemo vitamine zigaburira ubwonko bigatuma bukoraneza.ikindi ibigori bituma umubiri ugirimbaraga murimake biterimbaraga.birindanindwara nka kanceri nizindi nyinshi

ikindi kandi ibigoribyumuhondo bituma ababyeyi barera abanababo neza kuko usanga abana babikundirako biryoha kurusha ibyumweru btyo bigatuma bitarambirana mukubifungura

## Aho ibigori byumuhondo byera
ibigori byumuhondo byera hafiyahose murwanda.ibibigori bihingwa mubutaka bufite ifumbire , kandi bufite amazi kuko bikunda amazi cyane.

isuyemubutaka bisaba kubyuhira cyangwase kubibagarira.

### Ishakiro
Amasaka meza

Amasaka ni bimwemubihigwa byingirakama mu Rwanda,nigihigwakidufashamubuzimabwacu bwaburimunsi.

Tugikoresha murwegorwibyokurya,mugufata ibyo kuryabyamugitondo nkigikoma,mubyokurya byasasitankubu

gari.

## Akamaro
Akamaro kamasa nigihigwa gikoreshwamumuconyarwa nkokwengainzogaharimo urwagwa,ikigage,ubuishera.

Na none amasaka akoreshwa mubyokuryabyamugitondonkigikoma,na none amasakayadufashankomumirireyi

nyamanswa urugero:Inyoni,inkoko,imbata,inumazirya ifuyamasa.Amasaka wayajyanakwiso ukayagurisha aka

## Amashakiro
Amatunda y'ubururu

Itunda cyangwa icunga n'imwe mumbuto zikunzwe n'abantu cyane cyane kubera ko harimo umwimerere unogeye

buri umwe wese ,n'imbuto nanone zifite akamaro kanini cyane kubuzima bwa muntu ,zikaba zifite vitamini A,C ,akize

kandi kumunyu wa potasiyumu,karisiyumu,ubutare nizindi. n'imbuto kandi igira igiti nibura kirandaranda gifite kandi

imkomoko muri Brezille . ikaba kandi igihingwa cyera igihe gito  hagati y' imyaka 5-7 ikirushijeho kandi igiti cy' icunga cyangwa 

igiti cy' itunda gikura vuba vuba.

UBUZIMA

## AKAMARO
inzobere mubyi imbuto z' itunda cyangwa se icunga bavuga ko itunda ari kimwe mu mbuto zigira umwimerere 

mukuzuza indyo yuzuye ,bavuga ko nanone ko igira nubura vitamini A,C ko kandi abana iyo bafashe 

izo mbuto zibagirira akamaro kanini mubuzima bwabo.

kandi inzobere mubijyanye n'imbuto bavuga ko icunga cyangwa itunda ko ufashe izo mbuto agira ubuzima bwiza kuruta ubwo yari afite

## Amashakiro
Umusatsi

Umusatsa nigice cyumubiri giherereye kumutwe aho akenshi gikunzwe nigitsina gore.Nkuko rero ukunzwe nabagore cyane cyane ubwo rero baba bafite inshingano zo kukitaho uko bikwiye

## Uko wakwita kumusatsi wawe

* Umusatsi wawe ugomba kuba ugira igihe cyo kuwufuramo
* Ugomba gukoresha amavuta yo mumusatsi gusa yizewe kuko atizewe yawangiza
* Gusuka ibisuko bitaca umusatsi wawe ukitondera ibyo usuka.
Cocomble

Cocomble ni urubuto rufite ibara ryicyatsi ,Mu myaka 1000 ishize nibwo mu buhinde havumbuwe igihingwa cyeraga imbuto zitari zizwi icyo gihe niko kuzita cocomble kuko zari zifitiye akamaro abantu.

## Akamaro

Hari imvugo zitandukanye bakoresha berekana akamaro kuru rubuto ku buzima bwa muntu usanga mu ndimi zamahanga bati `cool as cucumber`bashaka kuvuga uburyo izi mbuto zituma ugubwa neza ndetse ugaca ukubiri ni cyokere mu gihe waziriye ,uru rubuto ningenzi cyane kubuzimz bwa muntu kuburyo ni nzobere ku buvuzi nu buzima zitugira inama yo kujya tuzirya buri munsi bidushobokeye.

## Amashakiro
Akamaro k'indimu mu mubiri

Indimu ziri mu mabara menshi harimo umuhondo n'icyatsi zikaba  zifitemo vitamine c, potasiyumu ,kalisiyumu kandi biba byiza 

iyo uyivanze mu mazi kubera ko indimu yonyine ituma ishinya yangirika.

## Akamaro k'amazi y'indimu
Amazi y'indimu zifasha mu kubyimbura inda kubera ko amazi y'indimu agabanya acide urike itera indwara nyinshi ziterwa

n'acide ikabije mu mubiri.

Indimu ivanze n'amazi kandi bifasha mu kurinda no kurwanya indwara zo mu kanwa bikanatuma hahorana impumuro nziza 

Amazi y'indimu kandi yakoreshwa mu mwanya w'ikawa kubantu bakunda kuyinywa mu gitondo kandi nta ngarua byatera k'umuntu 

urwaye umuvuduko w'amaraso.

Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe mu mwaka wa2019 bwagaragaje ko kunywa ibinyobwa birimo indimu bituma impinduka ziterwa no gusaza zigabanuka.

## Ishakiro
Indwara zo mu mutwe

Mu buzima bwacu bwa buri munsi duhura n'ibibazo bigiye bitandukanye by'ubuzima. Haba ku mubiri ndetse no mu mutwe.Indwara zo mu mutwe zishobora kwibasira buri zititaye kuwo ari we, akazi akora, cyangwa ubuzima abayemo.Tugiye kugaruka kuri byinshi utari uzi ku ndwara zo mu mutwe ndetse n'ubuzima bwo mu mutwe

## INDWARA ZO MU MUTWE NI IKI?
Indwara zo mu mutwe ni imyitwarire idasanzwe umuntu ashobora kugaragaza akaba yata umurongo agatangira no kubangamira abandi.

Akenshi izi ndwara, inyinshi muri zo zishobora kuba zidakomeye cg ngo zibe ari indwara zimara igihe kirekire ahubwo rimwe na rimwe zishobora kuba ari izoroheje cyangwa zimwe zishira vuba.Ishami ry'umuryango w'abibumbye ryita ku buzima (OMS) ryasobanuye ko ubuzima bwo mu mutwe ari kumenya ubushobozi bwawe ndetse ukagira ubuzima bwiza.Hari indwara zo mu mutwe zibasira abantu benshi ku isi,aha twavuga nk'indwara y'agahinda gakabije aho (OMS) yagaragaje ko yibasiye abantu bangana na miliyoni 300 ku isi yose na ho abangana na 4% bafite indwara y'ubwoba bukabije.

## NI IBIKI BITERA INWARA ZO MU MUTWE?
1.IGITSINA 

Ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko inwara nka schizophrenia zibasira abagore cyane na ho ibibazo by'ikoreshwa by'ibiyobyabwenge bikibasira abagabo cyane kurusha abagore

2.IMBUGA NKORANYA MBAGA

Imbuga nkoranyambaga zishobora gusunikira abantu bazikoresha mu bwigunge bigatuma bagira ibibazo byo mu mutwe. ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko 10% mu bazikoresha bavuze ko zituma bashobora kwigunga na ho 10% bakavuga ko bazigiriraho ibihe.

3.UBUZIMA UMUNTU ABAYEMO

Ubuzima umuntu abayemo bushobora kuba bwamutera ibibazo byo mu mutwe . mu gihe umuntu abaye mu buzima bubi bishobora kumutera ibibazo byo mu mutwe.

## ISHAKIRO
Umuziki ugezweho

Umuziki ugezweho ni umuziki wifashisha tekiniki n'ubumenyi bw'igihe tugezemo, kandi ukurikiza imimerere n'ibyifuzo by'abantu b'iki gihe. Ni umuziki uba ukurikije ibigezweho, akaba akenshi ukora mu buryo butandukanye n'umuziki wa kera, wifashisha ibikoresho n'ikoranabuhanga rigezweho. Ubundi, umuziki ugezweho ushobora kugera ku bantu benshi, cyane cyane binyuze mu mbuga nkoranyambaga, uburyo bwo gutunganya umuziki mu buryo bwa digitale, ndetse no gukoresha imvugo n'umuziki bihuye n'umuco n'ibikorwa bya none.

### Inyunganizi ku bahanzi mu buryo bakora umuziki ugezweho mwiza:

# **Gukoresha Ikoranabuhanga**: Bahanzi bashobora gukoresha ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga (nk'ibikoresho by'igikora cy'umuziki cyangwa software zo gutunganya umuziki) kugirango bagere ku musaruro mwiza kandi bikoze neza. Gutunganya indirimbo hifashishijwe softwares nka *Ableton Live*, *FL Studio*, cyangwa *Logic Pro* bituma umuziki uba mwiza kandi ubasha kwitabwaho no kuzuza ibyifuzo by'abumva.
# **Kumenya Imyemerere y'Abafana**: Bahanzi b'umuziki ugezweho bagomba kumenya ibyo abafana babo bakunda, mu buryo bw'indirimbo, ibiranga amajwi, cyangwa imiririmbire. Kugira ubushobozi bwo kumva ibyifuzo by'abafana no kubishyira mu muziki bituma ibikorwa by'umuhanzi bikundwa kandi bigera ku bantu benshi.
# **Kumenya Icyerekezo cy'Imyidagaduro**: Umuziki ugezweho ukora neza iyo umuhanzi azi gukurikira ibintu biri kuba ku isi, nk'ibigezweho mu mbuga nkoranyambaga, ibyemezo by'ibikorwa bya politiki, cyangwa imyidagaduro itandukanye. Bahanzi bashobora gukora umuziki ugaragaza uko Isi irimo gukura cyangwa ibibazo bihari muri sosiyete.
# **Gukoresha Ibihangano Bihuza Imico Itandukanye**: Bahanzi bashobora gukora umuziki ugezweho ushyira hamwe amahirwe aturuka mu mico itandukanye, bigatuma umuziki wabo ugira agaciro no gukundwa mu bihugu n’uturere byinshi. Imvugo zisekeje, imiziki ikomatanyije cyangwa ibihangano bitandukanye, bifasha gukora umuziki ukundwa n’abantu b’ingeri nyinshi.
# **Kwiyubaka n’Iterambere**: Bahanzi bagomba gukomeza kwiga no gukoresha uburyo bushya bwo gukora umuziki. Bifashishije amasomo atandukanye no gufata inama z'abashinzwe gukora umuziki, bagomba gukora indirimbo zuzuye zifite ubwiza, ndetse no gufata amahirwe y’uko umuziki ushobora gukomeza gukura no kuba wa mwiza.
# **Kumenya Imikorere y'Isoko**: Uyu munsi, umuziki ugezweho usaba abahanzi kumenya uburyo bwo gushyira ibihangano byabo ku isoko. Gutegura neza ibyo bazakora (nk'ibikorwa byo kumenyekanisha indirimbo zabo ku mbuga nkoranyambaga, gukora amashusho meza ya videwo, cyangwa gutegura ibitaramo) ni ingenzi kugira ngo ibikorwa byabo bibashe kubona ibikundwa no kuba mu murongo w'ibigezweho.

### Muri rusange:
Umuziki ugezweho ni umuziki uhuza uburyo bw’imyidagaduro, ubuhanzi, n’icyerekezo cy’imico ya none. Bahanzi bashobora gukoresha ikoranabuhanga, kumenya ibyifuzo by’abafana, no gukoresha imico n’ibihangano bihuje amahitamo y’abantu, byose bifasha gukora umuziki mwiza ugezweho kandi ukundwa. Gukora umuziki mwiza bisaba no guhanga udushya, kumenya uko umuziki ugenda uhinduka, ndetse no guhora ugerageza kuzakira ibisubizo bishya mu bikorwa byose byo gukora indirimbo.
Ubukanishi

ubukanishi: ni umwuga ugamije gukora ibintu byangiritse bikongera bikaba bizima, urugero, imodoka, imashini zo munganda n'ibindi.
Igisenge

Igisenge ni ubwoko bwinzu abantu bubaka ,hari ubwoko bubiri igisenge cy'inzu yibyatsi ,igisenge cy;inzu yamabati mu Rwanda hambere habaga ubwoko bw;inzu zubakishijwe ibyatsi ariko zaje gucika.Haza izubakishije amabati ndetse namatafari.

Igisenge nanone hari ubundi bwoko bw'inzu zihishe igisenge arizo zitwa (konoshi) mundimi zamahanga,murimake igisenge ni amoko atata mu Rwanda.
Amoko y'amacupa

**AMOKO Y'AMACUPA**

Amacupa agira amoko menshi cyane nkahano mu Rwanda .Dore ukobikurikirana

1.Amacupa y'amavuta

2.Amacupa azamo inzoga

3.Amacupa azamo inzoga zidasembuye

4.Amacupa ashyirwamo indabo ndetse nibindi.
Abakonyine

**ABAKONYINE**

##### '''Abakonyine nibantu ki?'''
Muntara y'iburasirazuba haba ubwoko bw'abantu  butandukanye harimo nubu bwa abakonyine ,abobantu bakunze kuba barebare,abatesi,ndetse batunga inka nyinshi cyane  ugerera nyije nahandi mu gihugu cyu rwanda..

Abobantu ntibakunda kurya ahubwo bakunda amata cyane,ikindi ntibahinga ibiryo batungwa n'amata yinka gusa.
INZARA

Inzara ni igice cy'umubiri w'umuntu gisangwa ku ntoki no kubirenge, kifashishwa mu kwishima ku mubiri igihe hari uburibwe umuntu agize.                

### UMUMARO W'INZARA
Inzara zifashishwa mukugaraga  ubwiza bw'igitsinagore cyane cyane abakobwa, iyo umuntu afite inzara ndende bivugwako ariwe ufite inzara nziza.

Abenshi bakunda kuzisiga amabara menshi kugirango bazongerere ubwiza.

Amata

#### Ishakiro
Insigamigani

INSIGAMIGANI;insigamigani ni bumwe mubuvanganzo bwo muri rubanda bushingira kubyabayeho igihe runaka,aho byabereye,kandi insigamigani zigaragarira mu mivugire,imico,imigendere ya bantu babayeho.

### ZIMWE MU NGERO ZI NSIGAMIGANI ZO MU RWANDA
.NDATEGA ZIVAMO

.yigize nkana

#### ishakiro
Umupira wamaguru kw'isi yose

Umuntu  akivuga umupira wamaguru uhita wumva imyidagaduro, Nibyo umupira wamaguru urakunzwe ku isi hose.

biragoranyo ko wasanga igihugu kuriyi si kidafite umupira wamaguru, waba ari uwakinyamwuga  cyangwa atari uwakinyamwuga.

ariko uzumva abenshi bavuga ko inkomoko yawo ari muri Brasil.

## <u>IBIHUGU BIZWI MUMUPIRA WAMAGURU</u>

mu ma miliyaridi atuye isi, miliyalidi 4 muri zo ni abakunzi bumupira wamaguru, mubakunda umupira wamaguruz hari abawumva kuma radio,abawureba kuma televiziyo ndetse hari nabawureba imbona nkubone kubibuga.

Menya ibihugu 10 birenze mumupira wamaguru

1.Argentina

2. France

3. Spain

4.England

5.Brasil

6.Portugal

7. Netherland

8. Belgium

9.Italy

10.Germany

uru nirwo  rutonde rw'ibihugu 10 birenze mu mupira wamaguru.
Imbyino zigezweho

**<u>[[Imbyino gakondo za kinyarwanda|Imbyino]] zigezweho</u>** ni izo abantu bakunze gukoresha mu bihe bitandukanye, cyane cyane mu birori, ibitaramo, ndetse no mu bindi bikorwa byo kwishimisha. Mu Rwanda imbyino zigezweho zinagaragaramo imivugo cyangwa injyana zitandukanye,  ziba zigamije guhuza  ibyiyumvo by'abantu n'imibereho yabo.

## '''Imbyino zigezweho mu Rwanda mu mwaka wa 2024'''

### 1.Amapiano
Iyi ni injyana ikundwa cyane muri Afurika y'Epfo ariko ubu yamaze gukwira mu bindi bihugu harimo n'u Rwanda. Amapiano igizwe n'imbyino zikubiyemo ibirere bigezweho, umuziki utuje, ndetse n'umuziki wihuta.

#### Ishakiro
Imbangukira gutabara

# IMBANGUKIRAGUTABARA: Imbangukiragutabara ni imodoka itwara abarwayi barembye ibavana mungo zabo bajya mubitaro cyangwa kuvana abarwayi mubitaro bajya mubitaro bifite ubushoboze bwisumbuye.

### 2. UBWOKO BW'IBIBAZO BYATUMA UMURWAYI ATWAGWA MUMBANGUKIRAGUTABARA
Kuvunika

Uburyayi busanzwe

Impanuka.

#### ISHAKIRO
Amafaranga

Amafaranga ni kimwe mu bintu biyoboye iyi si ya none. Mu RWANDA dufite ubwoko bwinshi bwa amafaranga.

## UBWOKO BW' AMAFARANGA
Amafaranga arimo ubwoko bwinshi hari ibiceri ndetse n' inote , mu Rwanda rero dukoresha inote ndetse n' ibiceri. 

Inote zikoreshwa mu RWANDA ni ubwoko bune harimo inote ya bitanu , inote ya bibiri , inote y' igihumbi ndetse n' inote ya magana atanu. Ibiceri bikoreshwa mu RWANDA harimo igiceri cy' ijana , igiceri cya mirongo itanu , igiceri cya makumyabiri , igiceri cy' icumi , igiceri cy' atanu.

#### Ishakiro
Ubugeni

**"ubugeni"** mu **Kinyarwanda** bisobanura **ubugeni** cyangwa **ubuhanzi**. Ni ijambo rikoreshwa mu kuvuga ibintu byose bijyanye n'ubuhanzi n'ubugeni, harimo ibikorwa by'ubugeni bw'amabara (nk'ibishushanyo), umuziki, imbyino, n'ibindi bikorwa by'ubuhanzi n'ubukoriko

## <big>UBUGENI NYA RWANDA</big>
**Ubugeni** mu Kinyarwanda rufite inyito zinyuranye, harimo:

* **Ubugeni bw'amabara**: Ibi ni nk'ibishushanyo, ibimenyetso, amafoto, n'ibindi bikorwa bikoreshwa amabara.
* **Ubugeni bw'umuziki**: Bivuga ibikorwa byose bijyanye n'umuziki, nk'indirimbo, gucuranga, n'ibindi byerekeye umuziki.
* **Ubugeni bw'imbyino**: Ni ibikorwa bijyanye n'ubuhanzi bwo kubyina, nk'imbyino gakondo nk'Intore(kubahungu)n'abakobwa bakabita(abakazana),cyangwa imbyino zigezweho.
* **Ubugeni bw'ubukorikori**: Ibi bikubiyemo ibikorwa byo gukora ibintu n'intoki, nka **gukora imyenda, gukora utuntu tw'ubukorikori** (nk'utubyiniro, ibikapu, utwuma), **gukora ibikoresho byo mu rugo**, n'ibindi.

Muri rusange, **ubugeni** mu Kinyarwanda ni ikintu gikomeye mu muco, kandi gifite agaciro gakomeye mu muryango Nyarwanda. Ubugeni ni uburyo bwo kugaragaza imitekerereze, umuco, amateka, n'ubwiza bw'ubuzima.

#### ishakiro
Imyambarire

"Imyambarire"ni igisobanuro  cyuburyo umuntu aba agomba kwambara bimuhesheje agaciro.                                                       

## IMYAMBARIRE IKWIYE KURANGA UMUNYARWANDA
Abanyarwanda bagomba kwambara kuburyo butagutesha agaciro ndetse bikaba bijyanye numucuco w'igihugu cyawe.

Abanyarwanda benshi usanga batavuga rumwe kumyambarire cyane cyane urubyiruko rugenda rwambara ngo nuko ariryo

terambere urugero:abaNyarwandakazi bakunze kwambara imyambaro igaragaza imitere yabo ngo niryo tereambere ugasanga rero imyambarire yabo ihabanye numuco Nyarwanda.

#### ishakiro
Imideri

Imideri n'ijambo rikoreshwa cyangwa ryakoreshejwe risobanura imikorerwe yimyenda,inkweto imiringa ndetse n'ibindi byose                      

byongera ubwiza.

## IRUSHANWA RY IMIDERI MU RWANDA

#### Hatangijwe irushanwa ry'abanyamideri rizahemba imodoka ifite agaciro ka [[Million 900 rwf zifashishijwe mukubungabunga imigezi yisuka muri nyabarongo|million]]

##### IRUSHANWA RY'IMIDERI

ishakiro
Kunywana

Kunywana ni umuhango wakorwaga n'Abanyarwanda mu gihe cyo hambere , aho abawukoraga babaga bashaka kunga ubumwe , cyangwa se kuba inshuti nyanshuti. bakaba barawukoraga umwe anywa amaraso y'undi. kandi kikaba cyaraziraga ko abanywanye bahemukirana, kuko uwahemukiraga undi igihango cyaramusemaga, agapfa nabi cyane

## UKO UWO MUHANGO WAKORWAGA
Iyo umuntu yajyaga kunywana n'undi , yarabanzaga agashaka icyuma n'ifu y'amasaka n'ikibabi cy'umuko,yamara kukibona agasezerana n'uwo bazanywana isaha n'umunsi  bazahurira, wagera bakazana ikirago bakakicaraho.

Ubanywanisha yafataga icyuma agaca ururasago ku nda z'Abanywana , amaraso akayatega ikibabi cy'umuko, akenda(akazana) ifu akayitoba muri ya maraso , yarangiza agaha abanywana bakanywa.

Ubatongera akenda icyuma akagikubira mu kiganza agira ati:“Ndabateranyije,uzahemukira undi,cyangwa agahemukira uwo bava inda imwe, cyangwa inshuti ye, igihango kizamwice.”

Nuko bakazana icyuma cyogosha, utongera ati: “Iyi ni kimwa, uramutse uhemukiye munywanyi wawe, kimwa ikagutuka ku rubyaro no ku matungo no ku myaka, urahinga ntiweza, urahaha nturonka; uramutse umuhemukiye kimwa ikakubuyereza hose.”

Utongera akongera agatongera undi,yarangiza abanywanye bagahagurutswa aho bicaye umwe amaze guha undi ikintu: inka cyangwa ihene cyangwa isuka.

Kirazira ko bahaguruka ari nta cyo bahanye kandi bahagurukira rimwe bombi, ntawe utanze undi.

Abanywanye bazira guhemukirana, bazira kugirirana inabi iyo ari yo yose. Uhemukiye undi igihango kiramwica, kandi imipfire ye ni ugupfa yatumbye. Kirazira no kurahira igihango ibinyoma, kuko cyamwica. Uhemukiye undi aramuhongera, ngo aticwa n’igihango.

#### ISHAKIRO
Imodoka za hybrid

Guhera mu mwaka wa 2020 nibwo mu Rwanda hatangiye gukoreshwa cyane imodoka zikoranye ikoranabuhanga rizwi nka HYBRID. Aho izi modoka zifite ikoranabuhanga rihambaye  cyane rije ricyemura ibibazo bikomeye byo gukoresha ibikomoka kuri peteroli. Mu mwaka wa 2020 gusa habarurwa ko mu Rwanda hinjiye imodoka nyinshi aho habarurwagwa byibuze imodoka zirenga 7000. 

## IJAMBO HYBRID NI IKI?
Imodoka ya HYBRID ifite moteri ebyiri zitandukanye zikora mu buryo bwuzuzanya. Moteri imwe ikoresha lisansi nk'izindi modoka zisanzwe zikoreshwa n'abantu benshi, naho moteri ya kabiri nayo igakoresha amashanyarazi. Izi modoka zizwiho gukoresha lisansi nkeya ugereranyije n'izindi modoka ariko igatanga umusaruro mwiza.

Ikigo cy'Igihugu cyo kubungabunga ibidukikije (REMA), cyakiriye imodoka ikoresha amashanyarazi izagifasha kuzuza inshingano, iyi modoko n'iyo mu bwoko bwa Mitsubishi Outlander Plug-in Hybrid electric Vehicle (PHEV). Izi modoka zikomeje kuruhushaho kwiyongera hano mu Rwanda kuko zakuriweho imisoro, kuko izinjiye mu Rwanda gusa mu mezi icyenda ashize muri uno mwaka wa 2024 ziruta kure izinjiye mu myaka ya mbere.

Imodoka zinganje mu Rwanda ni uz'uruganda rwa KIA na HYUNDAI mu gihugu cya Koreya. Ibi nibyo bigira igihugu cyacu icya karindwi muri Africa mu bihugu bifite imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi.

##### IBYIZA BYO GUKORESHA IMODOKA ZA HYBRID

# Kugabanya ibikomoka kuri peteroli: Inganda nyinshi zikoresha ibikomoka kuri peteroli aribyo bituma lisanzi na mazutu bihenda. Izi modoka zaje zigabanya ikoreshwa ry'ibikomoka kuri peteroli.
# Gukoresha ingufu neza: Nyuma y'uko imodoka za Hybrid zibaye nyinshi ku isoko byatumye ibikomoka kuri peteroli bitongera kuba imbogamizi kubakoresha imodoka umunsi ku munsi.
Abakoroni

### ABAKORONI
Abakoroni ni abantu cyangwa ibihugu byagiye bigera ku bindi bihugu, cyane cyane muri Afurika, Aziya na Amerika y’Epfo, bikabifata ku ngufu cyangwa bikabishyira mu butegetsi bwabyo kugira ngo bibikoreshe mu nyungu zabyo. Iyi gahunda yitwaga ubukoloni (colonialism).

Mu kinyejana cya 15 kugeza mu cya 20, ibihugu byinshi by’i Burayi byinjiye mu gikorwa cyo kwigarurira ibindi bihugu. Mu byabaye ibyamamare harimo United Kingdom, France, Belgium, Germany, Portugal na Spain. Ibyo bihugu byoherezaga abasirikare, abacuruzi n’abamisiyoneri mu bindi bihugu, bigashyiraho ubutegetsi bwabyo.

**Impamvu z’Ubukoloni**

Abakoroni bari bafite impamvu zitandukanye:

# Ubukungu – Bashakaga umutungo kamere nk’amabuye y’agaciro, zahabu, diyama, peteroli n’ibindi.
# Isoko ry’ibicuruzwa – Bashakaga aho bagurisha ibicuruzwa byabo.
# Imbaraga za politiki – Kwagura ubutaka byafatwaga nk’ikimenyetso cy’imbaraga z’igihugu.
# Iyobokamana n’umuco – Bamwe bavugaga ko bajyanye “iterambere” n’iyobokamana, nubwo akenshi byahishaga inyungu zabo bwite.

**Ingaruka z’Ubukoloni**

Ubukoloni bwagize ingaruka nziza n’izibi, ariko ahanini bwagize ingaruka zikomeye ku bihugu byakolonijwe.

Ingaruka mbi:

* Gucibwa intege z’umuco n’indimi gakondo.
* Gukoresha abaturage imirimo y’agahato.
* Gusahura umutungo kamere.
* Gushyiraho imipaka ititaye ku moko n’amateka yaho, byateje amakimbirane.

Ingaruka nziza (zivugwa na bamwe):

* Kubaka imihanda, amashuri n’ibitaro.
* Kwinjiza uburyo bushya bw’imiyoborere n’ubucuruzi.

**Iherezo ry’Ubukoloni**

Mu kinyejana cya 20, cyane cyane nyuma y’Intambara ya Kabiri y’Isi, ibihugu byinshi byatangiye guharanira ubwigenge. Muri Afurika, ibihugu byinshi byabonye ubwigenge hagati ya 1950 na 1970. Nubwo byabonye ubwigenge, ingaruka z’ubukoloni ziracyagaragara mu bukungu, politiki n’imibereho rusange.

**Umwanzuro**

Abakoroni bagize uruhare rukomeye mu mateka y’isi. Nubwo hari ibikorwa by’iterambere byakozwe mu gihe cy’ubukoloni, ingaruka mbi zirimo gusahura umutungo, gutakaza umuco n’amakimbirane ya politiki byagize ingaruka zikomeye ku bihugu byinshi. Kwiga amateka y’ubukoloni bidufasha gusobanukirwa aho ibihugu byinshi byavuye n’uko byubaka ejo hazaza habo.

### IBIBI BY'UBUKORONI

### Ubukoroni bushobora kuba bwatera kudindira kwiterambere mugihugu no gutera ipfu z'abantu benshi.

IBITERA
Wiki Clubs Mu Rwanda

## Amatsinda ya Wiki mu Rwanda

### Iriburiro
Amatsinda ya Wiki mu Rwanda ni gahunda y’uburezi yatangijwe n’itsinda rya Wikimedia User Group Rwanda mu mwaka wa 2023. Iyi gahunda igamije kwigisha abanyeshuri b’amashuri yisumbuye uburyo bwo gutunganya no kwandika kuri Wikipedia mu rwego rwo guteza imbere ubumenyi rusange no gushyigikira icyerekezo cya Wikimedia mu karere k’ibiyaga bigari bya Afurika.

### Amavu n’amavuko
Amatsinda ya Wiki yatangiriye mu ntara y’Iburasirazuba, ahitwa Rwamagana, no mu ntara y’Amajyaruguru, mu kigo cya Rulindo TVET Kageyo Secondary School. Aya matsinda yatoranyijwe hagendewe ku bushake bwo kwitabira gahunda z’uburezi n’imishinga y’iterambere mu baturage.

## Intego nyamukuru
Intego z’ibanze z’aya matsinda ni izi zikurikira:

Kwigisha abanyeshuri b’amashuri yisumbuye uburyo bwo gutunganya Wikipedia.
Gukangurira urubyiruko gukwirakwiza ubumenyi bwerekeye umuco n’amateka y’u Rwanda.
Gushyigikira ishyirwaho ry’ubufatanye mu muryango wa Wikimedia mu Rwanda.
Guteza imbere ubuyobozi bw’urubyiruko binyuze mu bayobozi b’aya matsinda mu turere dutandukanye.
Imiterere n’ubuyobozi
Buri tsinda ry’Amatsinda ya Wiki rifite abayobozi mu mashuri n’uturere bakorana mu bikorwa byayo. Ubu buryo bwo kuyoborwa n’urubyiruko butuma gahunda ziba iz’abaturage kandi zigashyigikira imikorere irambye.

Ingaruka nziza
Iyi gahunda yashoboye kumenyekanisha uburyo bwo gutunganya Wikipedia mu rubyiruko rwo mu mashuri yisumbuye, binatanga amahirwe yo kumenyekanisha uburyo bwo gukwirakwiza ubumenyi rusange mu Rwanda. Binyuze mu kwigisha abanyeshuri, iyi gahunda ihuje n’intego nyamukuru za Wikimedia zo kugera kure hashoboka no gufasha abantu badafite amahirwe yo gutanga ibitekerezo byabo.

Ibyifuzo by’ahazaza
Ubushake n’ubushobozi byagaragaye mu matsinda ya Rwamagana na Rulindo byerekana ko iyi gahunda ishobora kwaguka no mu tundi turere no mu zindi ntara z’u Rwanda.

## Inkomoko
Ibihugu 10 birenze mumupira wamaguru kwisi

## URUTONDE RW'IBIHUGU 10 BIRENZE MUMUPIRA WAMAGURU
umupira wamaguru ni umukino ukunzwe nabenshi ku isi kandi umaze guhinduka aho abantu benshi bashakira ibyishimo ndetse abandi bakahashakira amafaranga.

mumupira wamaguru harimo ibihugu byibirangirire .

### urutonde rw'ibihugu 10 by'ibihangange mumupira wamaguru
1.Argentina

2. France

3. Spain

4.England

5.Brasil

6.Portugal

7. Netherland

8. Belgium

9.Italy

10.Germany

uru nirwo rutonde rw'ibihugu  10 birenze mu mupira wamaguru.

uru rutonde rwakozwe mu mwaka wa 2024/25 hakurikijwe imyitwarira yibihugu byose mu marushanwa byitabiriye muri rusange

##### Ishakiro
Umwisi

## UMWISI
Kera mu  muco wakinyarwanda iyo inyambo yabyaraga  uburiza; umutahira wiyo nyambo **umwisi,**

umwisi iyo yitaga ishyo yagarukaga amaze kwita izibyaye uburiza nyuma akazagaruka, akitirira ishyo inak yigararagaje nkokuriye izindi,

nuko umwisi akagororerwa.

### <u>akamaro k'umwisi</u>
Abisi bakunda kwifashisha mu mihango ahanini iyakinyarwanda muriyo mihango harimo umuhango w'ubukwe

muri uyu muhango w'ubukwe niho umwisi yakundaga guhamarwa.icyo umwisi yahamagarirwaga yari ugukora umuhango wo kwita inka z'inkwano amazina akanazirata kugira ngo abasangwa bazishimire

#### Ishakiro
Imigani miremire

**IMIGANI MIREMIRE**

imigani miremire ni bumwe mubuvanganzo bwo muri rubanda twayisigiwe nabakurambere ndetse nabo twakomotseho ,imyinshi twayiciriwe nabandi bantu,indi twayigiye mumashuri ,imwe muriyo ni migani yi bitekerezo,indi ikaba yaragiye igendera ku nkuru zabayeho.

**INGERO ZIMIGANI MIREMIRE**

.**uburyarya** **bwa bakame**;nu mugani muremure kandi ntekerezo ukuba ugaragaza uburyo bakame yanze gufatanya nabandi gufukura iriba nyuma ikifuza amazi ,izindi nyamaswa bikarangira ziyivumbuye ku buryarya bwayo.

.**Maguru** **ya** **sarwaya**;nu mugani uvuga ku mugabo witwaga maguru ya sarwaya yari umuhigi ,nyuma aza guhiga insibika insibika ibonyeko atwaye umurizo wayo iza kwihindura umukobwa mwiza ,maguru ya sarwaya imubonye iramutereta ,ihita ihinduka insibika.

**Nyashya** **na** **baba**;nu mugani ugaragaramo abana babiri aribo nyashya nu numuhungu baba bakaba barabaga bonyine ntababyeyi bafite,babaga mwishyamba batunzwe no gutega utunyoni ,haza kuza igipyisi gishaka kurya nyashya ,baba yagiye guhinga,birangira baba akishe.

.**Ndabaga**;nu mugani uvuga ku mukobwa witwaga ndabaga,akaba yarakuze atabona se kuko yari yaragiye kurugamba ,ndabaga yaje kwifuza kujya kuzungura se kurugamba kandi ari umukobwa ,yibagisha amabere ,yitoza imirimo ya gihungu,biza kurangira agiye kumuzungura ,umwami abimenye ahita amugira umugore.

.**Ngunda**;uyu nu mugani uvuga ku mugabo wigisambo wabayeho bita ngunda akaba yaragiraga inda nini cyane ,akaba ari igisahiranda,kandi akaba yari yarogogoje abantu.

nindi nindi...imigani miremire rero ikaba ikundwa gukoreshwa mu gihe abantu bataramye ,bari kuganira ku muco nyarwanda .imigani miremire kandi igira ibiyiranga ;igira amakabyankuru,ivuga ibintu bitabayeho nibindi. Rero amakuru yerekeye imigani mireremire aya
Imboga z'amashu

Imboga z'amashu ni bumwe mu bwoko bw'imboga zikunzwe gukoreshwa cyane ndetse zinakundwa n'abantu benshi yaba mugihugu cyacu cy'u RWANDA ndetse no hanze yarwo. izi mboga kandi z'amashu zifite akamaro kanini mubuzima bwa muntu, kuko zifitemo intungamubiri nyinshi umubiri wacu ukenera mu kwirinda indwara no gutuma umubiri wacu ukora neza. 

## AKAMARO K'AMASHU MU MUBIRI W'UMUNTU
1.Amashu akungahaye ku ntungamubiri zitandukanye

Nkuko byavuzwe hejuru amashu ni imboga nziza kuko zikungahaye cyane ku ntungamubiri kandi zifitiye akamaro kanini umubiri. zimwe muri izo ntungamubiri harimo  Fibre,proteyini,vitamin c,k,B6, imyunyungugu nka Kalisiyumu,Manganese,….. Izi ntungamubiri zose rero zituma umubiri ukora neza ndetse bigatuma wirinda indwara zitandukanye. Niba rero ushaka kubona intungamubiri, jya wirira amashu.

2.Amashu afasha mu igogora ry'ibiryo

Ubaye ushaka kugira igogorwa (digestion) ry'ibiryo rikorwa neza  rwose jya wirira amashu. kuko amashu akungahaye kubyo bita fibres, ibi bikaba bifasha igogorwa ry'ibiryo kugenda neza. kurya amashu kenshi rero bifasha igogorwa gukorwa neza bigatuma umubiri umera neza.

3.Amashu afasha kuzamura ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri

Amashu akungahaye nku ntungamubiri bita vitamin c, izi rero zifasha umubiri kuzamura ubudahangarwa (Immunity) bwawo,bityo bigatuma umubiri wirinda indwara zitandukanye bityo ukagira ubuzima bwiza buzira indwara za hato nahato. Ikindi kandi iriya Vitamini C ni ingenzi mu kurinda Kanseri zitandukanye.

4.Amashu afasha kuringaniza umuvuduko w'amaraso

Amashu agira ibinyabutabire bita Electrolyte,ibi rero umubiri urabikenera kugirango ukore neza,umwe mu mimaro w'ibi binyabutabire ni ukuringaniza amaraso.

5.Amashu afasha umutima gukora neza

Cyane cyane amashu atukura (Red cabbage) akungahaye cyane ku binyabutabire bita Anthocyanins, ibi ni nabyo bitanga ririya bara ritukura kuri ariya mashu, ubushakashatsi butandukanye bwagaragaje ko ibi binyabutabire birinda indwara zifata umutima ndetse bigatuma umutima ukora neza.

6.Amashu aroroshye kuyarya ndetse aranahendutse

Uretse kuba amashu ari imboga ziryoha, ashobora kuribwa mu buryo butandukanye aho ushobora kuyateka,ndetse no kuyarya nka salade,hari yewe nabayahekenya upfa kuba wakoze isuku yayo.

Nkuko tubibonye rero, amashu ni ingenzi mu buzima bwacu,niba wajyaga uyasuzugura, sibyo kuko yagufasha byinshi mu mikorere y'umubiri wawe.
Uwanga amazimwe aburara ku mugoroba

Umugani *"Uwanga amazimwe aburara ku mugoroba"* waturutse ku nkuru y’ubuzima bw’abantu mu gihe cyashize, aho amakuru n’itumanaho byari bifite agaciro gakomeye mu mibereho ya buri munsi, cyane cyane mu muryango Nyarwanda.

Inkomoko nyayo y’uyu mugani ntivugwaho rumwe, ariko bivugwa ko wageze ku bantu bitewe n’ibi bintu bikurikira:

# **Abantu banze kumva amakuru ajyanye n’imibereho yabo**: Hari abantu babaga badashaka kumenya ibyabaga birimo kuba mu gace batuyemo, cyangwa banze gutega amatwi ubwo abandi babagabishaga. Aho kumenya aho inkambi, amafunguro, cyangwa ibikoresho by’ibanze byabonetse, bagasanga bageze ku mugoroba badafite icyo barya cyangwa nta gisubizo bafite.
# **Imigenzereze y’abasirimu cyangwa abanyacyaro**: Muri sosiyete ya kera, abantu bakeshaga amakuru ubuzima bwabo, kuko abantu batabashaga gutegura neza ibyo bakeneye badahuye n’abandi ngo babimenyeshwe. Abakundaga “kwanga amazimwe” bashoboraga kwirengagiza amakuru y’ingenzi, bigatuma babura ibibatunga cyangwa ibindi bibafitiye akamaro ku mugoroba.
# **Gufata amasomo mu bujiji bwabayeho**: Hari ubwo abantu basobanuraga ko uwo mugani waturutse ku nkuru y’umuntu wari warigometse ku muganda cyangwa ku myanzuro y’abaturage, maze aza gusanga arengana kubera ko nta makuru ahagije yari afite. Ibi byatumye abantu babona ko kumenya amakuru ari ingenzi.

### Inyigisho yo muri uyu mugani:
Uyu mugani urigisha ko kumenya amakuru ahagije ku byo ukeneye mu buzima bwa buri munsi ari ingenzi, kandi ko utabyitayeho ashobora guhura n’ibibazo. Amakuru akwiye kwitabwaho kugira ngo afashe mu gufata ibyemezo no kwirinda ibibazo bishobora kuvuka.
Agapfa kaburiwe ni impongo

Umugani *"Agapfa kaburiwe ni impongo"* ufite inkomoko mu mateka y’ubuzima bwo mu Rwanda rwo hambere, by’umwihariko ugashingira ku nkuru z’inyamaswa, aho abanyarwanda bakundaga gukoresha inyito zinyamaswa mu kubwira abantu ubutumwa bufite inyigisho.

### Inkomoko y’Umugani:
Impongo ni inyamaswa y’ishyamba, ifite imiterere ituma igira ubushishozi mu kugenda no gucunga umutekano wayo. Iyo habaye impuruza cyangwa ibimenyetso byerekana ibyago bikomeye, impongo ihita itoroka cyangwa ikihisha. Ariko, igihe impongo itaburiwe kare cyangwa ikirengagiza ibimenyetso by’akaga, ihura n’ibyago bikomeye birimo gupfa cyangwa kuganzwa n’umuhigo w’abantu.

Bivugwa ko uyu mugani washatse kwigisha abantu agaciro ko kwitondera impuruza cyangwa ibimenyetso bigaragara mbere y’uko ibibi biba. Wakomotse ku mateka y’umuhigo, aho abahigi bajyaga bashakisha inyamaswa ziri mu ishyamba, maze bagasanga izitari zabonye amakuru cyangwa impuruza zaguye mu mutego.

### Impamvu Nyamukuru y’Umugani:

# **Gutoza abantu kumvira inama**: Uyu mugani wigisha ko abantu bakwiye guha agaciro inama n’impuruza batanga cyangwa bahawe.
# **Gusobanura ingaruka z’uburangare**: Wigisha ko kutita ku bimenyetso no kuburirwa bishobora gutera ibibazo bikomeye.

### Inyigisho ikubiye mu mugani:

* Ukwiye gutega amatwi inama z’abantu b’inararibonye n’amarenga agaragaza ko ibintu bishobora kuba bibi.
* Kwirengagiza impuruza bishobora kukugiraho ingaruka mbi.
* Kugira ubushishozi no gukurikira ibimenyetso ni ingenzi mu kwirinda ibyago.

Uyu mugani uracyakoreshwa cyane mu Rwanda, mu kwigisha abantu umuco wo kumvira no kwitondera ibimenyetso biganisha ku ngaruka mbi.
Ijya kurisha ihera ku rugo

U

mugani *"Ijya kurisha ihera ku rugo"* ni umwe mu migani nyarwanda ifite inyigisho ikomeye ku mibanire y’abantu no ku buryo bwo kubaho neza. Uyu mugani wigisha ko umuntu agomba kubanza kwita ku bye bwite, abo babana cyangwa ibyo amukurikirana, mbere yo kujya kwita ku bandi cyangwa ibindi bintu.
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### Inkomoko y’Umugani:
Uyu mugani waturutse ku mico n’imigenzereze yo mu buzima bw’Abanyarwanda ba kera, aho inka zari ingenzi cyane mu mibereho. Iyo umuntu yajyaga kugaburira cyangwa kuragirira inka, yabanzaga kuziragirira hafi y’urugo aho afite ubushobozi bwo kuzitaho neza, mbere yo kuzishora kure.

Imiterere y’uyu mugani kandi ishobora kuba ishingiye ku buryo umuntu yagombaga kubanza kwita ku muryango we (urugo rwe) mbere yo gufasha abandi cyangwa kwirukira ibindi.
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### Ibisobanuro by'Umugani:

* *Ijya kurisha*: Byumvikana nk’ikintu cyangwa umuntu ushaka kugera ku kindi cyiza cyangwa gufasha.
* *Ihera ku rugo*: Bivuga gutangirira hafi, aho wifitiye inshingano cyangwa aho ukeneye kwita mbere y’ahandi.

Bisobanuye ko mbere yo gufasha cyangwa kwita ku bandi, ugomba kubanza kwitaho ibyawe no gukora ku buryo ubuzima bwawe n’ubw’abari hafi yawe buba neza.
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### Inyigisho y'Umugani:

# **Kwita ku byawe bwa mbere**: Uyu mugani uributsa ko umuntu adakwiye kwirengagiza inshingano ze bwite mu gihe ashaka gufasha abandi.
# **Gutanga ubufasha buturutse ku bisosho bifatika**: Gufasha abandi bigomba gushingira ku kuba wowe ufite ibyo ukeneye.
# **Gushyira mu gaciro no gutegura neza**: Kwibutsa abantu ko icyiza kigomba gutangira hafi kugira ngo n’abandi bagufashe neza.

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### Ingero zo Kuwukoresha:

# Iyo umuntu ashaka gufasha abandi mu gihe ibye bwite bitaratungana, bamubwira bati: *"Ijya kurisha ihera ku rugo, banza wite ku byawe."*
# Iyo umuntu aharanira guharanira amahoro n’imibereho myiza y’abamwe ngo areke abandi, bamubwira bati: *"Ntacyo wageraho udaheraho ku byawe, ijya kurisha ihera ku rugo."*

Uyu mugani uracyakoreshwa cyane mu Rwanda, cyane cyane mu nyigisho zijyanye no kubana neza, gukorana ubushishozi, no kwibuka inshingano umuntu afite ku rugo rwe mbere yo kujya kure.
Utaye isuka aba agiye kuyishakira umuheto

Umugani *"Utaye isuka aba agiye kuyishakira umuheto"* ukomoka ku muco w’ubuhinzi n’ubuzima bw’abanyarwanda ba kera, aho isuka yari ikimenyetso cy’akazi n’iterambere mu buhinzi, kandi umuheto ukaba ikimenyetso cy’uburyo bwo kurinda cyangwa gukomeza gushaka amahoro. Uyu mugani ufite inyigisho ikomeye ku rwego rw’imikorere, ubushake bwo gukemura ibibazo, no kwihangira udushya.
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### Inkomoko y'Umugani:
Uyu mugani ukomoka ku mateka y’abaturage baharaniraga iterambere babinyujije mu buhinzi. Isuka yasobanuraga umurimo wo guhinga, naho umuheto ugashushanya uburyo bwo kwirwanaho cyangwa gushakisha uburyo bushya bwo gukemura ibibazo igihe ibintu bidakunze. Aho guta isuka bishatse kuvuga kureka ibyo umuntu yari asanzwe akora, ariko atari ukwiheba, ahubwo ashaka undi muti (umuheto) ngo akomeze urugendo.
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### Ibisobanuro by’Umugani:

# **"Gutaye isuka"**: Bivuga guhagarika akazi cyangwa igikorwa runaka bitewe n'imbogamizi cyangwa gushaka ubundi buryo bwo kugikemura.
# **"Kuyishakira umuheto"**: Bisobanura gushaka igisubizo cyangwa uburyo bwo gukomeza ibyo watangiye.

Umugani ushatse kuvuga ko umuntu udaheranwa n’ibibazo akomeza gushaka ibisubizo mu bundi buryo butandukanye n’ubwo yari asanzwe akoresha.
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### Inyigisho y'Umugani:

# **Kutava ku ntego**: Wigisha ko n’iyo ibintu bigoye, umuntu akwiye gukomeza gushakisha ibisubizo aho kureka byose burundu.
# **Kugira ubushishozi**: Umuntu agomba gukoresha ubwenge bwo gukemura ibibazo mu buryo bushya butandukanye n’ubwo yari amenyereye.
# **Kudacika intege**: Umuntu ukomeje guharanira iterambere abona igisubizo, kabone n'iyo uburyo bw’icyo yari atangiye budakunze.

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### Ingero zo Kuwukoresha:

* Iyo umuntu yahagaritse akazi kubera ibibazo ariko akagaragaza ubushake bwo kugakomeza mu bundi buryo, bavuga bati: *"Utaye isuka aba agiye kuyishakira umuheto."*
* Iyo umuntu adaheranwa n’ibibazo ahubwo agakoresha imbaraga nshya, bashimangira bati: *"Gutakaza uburyo si ukutakaza intego, nk'uko utaye isuka aba agiye kuyishakira umuheto."*

Uyu mugani urigisha kutagira uburangare cyangwa kwiheba, ahubwo ugakomeza guharanira intsinzi mu buryo bushya.