open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Papa leo XIV

PAPA LEO XIV:UMUNYAMERIKA WATOREWE KUBA UMUSHUMBA MUKURU WA KILIZYA 
Inteko y'Abacardinal 133 bateraniye muri chapel ya sistinei vatican kuri uyu mugoroba wa taliki 8 gicurasi 2025 yatoye umushumba mushya wa kiliziya catholic,Cardinal Robert Francis Prevost.

itorwa rya papa mushya ryemejwe n'umwotsi w'umweru wazamutse kuri chapel ya sistine,ahaberaga  iri tora kuva taliki 7 Gicurasi.                      Bisobanuye ko mu itora,umukandida kuri uyu mwanya yabonye yabonye amajwi ari hejuru ya 89 muri 133 y'Abacardinal bitabiriye iri tora.

Cardinal Robert Prevost ukomoka muri leta zunze ubumwe z'Amerika yatowe nyuma yuko habaye ibyiciro bitanu by'itora birimo kimwe cyabaye taliki ya 7 Gicurasi n'ibindi bine byabaye kuya 8 Gicurasi 2025.Yafashe izina ry'ubutungane rya "leo XIV"

Papa leo XIV yavukiye mu mujyi wa chicago  muri leta lllinois taliki ya 14 nzeri 1955.Yagizwe umucardinal na Papa Francis taliki ya 15 mata 2023,amuragiza diyoseze ya callao muri peru.

Niwe cardinal wa mbere ukomoka muri leta zunze ubumwe z'Amerika utorewe kuyobora kiliziya.Ibi byashimishije president Donald Trump wagaragazako yifuza kubona papa mushya aturuka mu gihugu cye.

Mu 2023,papa leo XIV yagaragajeko kiliziya idakwiye kwigisha amahame yayo gusa ahubwo ko ikwiye kwereka isi yose igisobanuro cyo kumenya yezu kristu.

Ati"kenshi tuganzwa no kwigisha amahame ..... arik tukibagirwako umurimo wacu wi banze ari ukwigisha icyo kumenya kristu bisobanuye umurimo wacu ni ukwagura ihema tukareka buri wese akinjira muri kiliziya."

Ubu butumwa buca amarenga ko Papa leo XIV yiteguye kugendera mu murongo Papa francis yasimbuye kuri iyi nshingano,urimo kudaheza uwo ariwe wese ushaka kumugisha w'Imana,uko yabateye nimibereho yaba abyeho yose.

Cyakoze ntabwo avugwaho rumwe kuko,nkuko byatangajwe n'ikinyamakuru  THE PILLAR muri nzeri 2024,Papa leo XIV ntiyigeze akurikirana ikirego cy'abagore bashinjaga abapadiri babiri kubahohotera mu 2007.Ibyo byabereye muri diyoseze ya callao muri peru,  Yayobowe na Papa leo XIV kuva 2014 kugeza 2023 ubwo yahabwaga inshingano i roma.
Iisirikare gikomeye kwisi

## Ibihugu 25 bifite igisirikare karahabutaka ku Isi
Urutonde rushya rugaragaza uko ibihugu bifite igisirikare gikomeye ku Isi bikurikirana ruyobowe icya 1 Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika,2 Uburusiya 3 Bushinwa.USA ikoresha asaga miliyari 600 z’amadolari ya Amerika buri mwaka, mu ngengo y’imari igenerwa urwego rw’umutekano rubarirwamo abawushinzwe 145 215 000.U Burusiya buza ku mwanya wa kabiri, bushora ari hasi ya miliyari 45 z’amadolari ya Amerika mu rwego rw’umutekano, mu gihe u Bushinwa bwo bukoresha asaga miliyari 161 z’amadolari nkuko bitangazwa n’urubuga rusesengura ibya gisirikare ruzwi nka Global FirepoweU Bushinwa na bwo bufite ubwato bumwe rukumbi butwara indege z’intambara buzwi nka “Soviet-era Liaoning”, imodoka z’intambara 6,457, indege 2, 955, ubwato busanzwe 714 n’ingabo 2,335,000
Igihugugikize kuruta ibindi

## Ibihugu 3 bikize kurusha ibindi muri Afurika
**1.Afurika y’Epfo**

Afurika y’Epfo iza ku mwanya wa mbere ku rutonde rw’ibihugu bikize muri Afurika hashingiwe ku musaruro mbumbe.

Iki gihugu gifite umusaruro mbumbe wa miliyari 595.7 z’amadorali. Ubukungu bushingiye cyane ku mabuye y’agacuro nka diyama na Zahabu.

**2. Egypt(Misiri)**

Egypt ni igihugu cya kabiri gikize muri Afurika, gifite umusaruro mbumbe wa miliyari 551.4 z’amadorali.

Ubukungu bwa Egypt bushingiye ku ikoranabuhanga, ubukerarugendo bitewe n’ibirango by’amateka ifite nka za Pyramide...abaturage benshi bitungiwe n’ibikorwa bakorera ku nkengero z’uruzi rwa Nil.

**3. Nigeria**

Ku mugabane w’Afurika yose Nigeria ni igihugu cya gatatu gikize, gifite umusaruro mbumbe wa miliyari 478.5 z’amadorali. Ni igihugu cya mbere gituwe cyane muri Afurika, inganda zacyo zituma kiza ku mwanya wa gatatu mu bihugu bizifite nyinshi muri Afurika.
Genoside yakorewe abatutsi m'u Rwanda

Nubwo genoside yakorewe abatutsi m'u Rwanda yateguwe kuva kera urupfu rwa perezida HABYARIMANA rwabaye imbarutso yo kwica Abatutsi kumugaragaro.Kuwa 6 Mata 1994 saa 20:25 indege yaritwaye abaperezida Juvenal Habyarimana na Ntaryamira Cyprien yarasiwe i Kanombe mu mugi wa Kigali igihe bari bavuye mu nama ya Arusha muri Tanzaniya mu masaha yakurikiyeho nibwo umutwe w'abasirikare barindaga Habyarimana aribo Abasirikare,Interahamwe,Abajandarume batangiye gushyira bariyeri muri Kigali.Kuwa 7 Mata 1994,Minisitiri w'intebe, Agatha Uwiringiyimana na Perezida w'urukiko rurinda Itegeko Nshinga,Joseph Kavaruganda barishwe.Ninabwo batangiye kwica Abatutsi urugo ku rundi hicwa abasirikare 10b,ababirigi,Abarwayi na Abaganga ba CHK.Kuri iyi tariki nibwo abasiurikare bahoze ari aba FPR inkotanyi batangiye kurwana n'abicanyi.Kuwa 8 Mata 1994 nibwo ubwucanyi bwatangiye gukwirakwira mu gihugu Aboyobozi batangiye kuhungira muri Ambasade y'Ubufaransa mu Rwanda higanjemo Abaminisitiri.
Ukotwa koresha imbuga nkoranya mbaga neza

UKO TWAKORESHA IMBUGA NKORANYA MBAGA NEZA.

* Mumwaka wa 2020 niho hagaragaye abantu bakoresha imbuga nkoranya mbaga bagoreka amateka y'u Rwanda .Bamwe muribo bavugako itabaye, Abandi bagakoresha imbugankoranya mbaga ,bashinyagurira abandi .Ariko sikobimeze m'urwanda habaye jenoside ya korewe abatutsi mugihumbi 1994 .Aho abanya rwanda bisubiranyemo bicamo amoko . Nyama ra ubwo abanya rwanda baribatagiye kwicana m'u rwanda hari ingabo za UN ni ngabo zu Bufaransa jenoside ikaba barebera aho bamwe muribo batangiye kwisubirira mubihugu byabo .
INDIRIMBO YIGIHUGU CY'U RWANDA

Indirimbo yubahiriza igihugu cy'u Rwanda N'indirimbo yahanzwe   numugabo witwa munyaneza vedaste ahagana 2001 afatanyije nabagenzibe bari bafunganye murigereza ya karubanda mukarere ka Huye uyumugobo witwa munyaneza vedaste avugako Natangiye indirimbo yitwa ‘Rwanda Nziza’ ariko mu itangira ryayo hari amakosa nari nakoze.Abandi barambwiraga bati ibe ‘Rwanda Rwiza, Rwanda Yacu, Rwanda Rwacu, ibintu nk’ibyo. Bakambaza bati se ni Nziza nk’iki? Biba ngombwa ko tubiganiraho tubyemeranyaho ikomeza ityo.”
Umugaba mukuru w'ingabo za Carabinieri

Umugaba mukuru wa Carabinieri ni muntu ki??

# Umugaba mukuru w'ingabi za carabinieri ashyirwaho n'iteka rya perezida wa Republica amaze kugisha inama ministiri w'ingabo amaze kugishaka kandi inama umugaba mukuru w'ingabo 
# atanga raporo kumugaba mukuru w'wingabo gusa u mirimo ya gisirikare ya carabinieri
# Ni umwe mu bagize comite y'igihugu ishinzwe ituze rusange 

Jenerali Salvatore LUONGO, yavukiye i Naples ku ya 6 Kamena 1962, yatangiye umwuga we wa gisirikare mu 1977, yiga mu ishuri rya gisirikare rya (Nunziatella) i Naples, mu ishuri rya gisirikare rya Modena na Carabinieri Application School i Roma. Afite impamyabumenyi y'icyiciro cya gatatu cya kaminuza mu bijyanye n'amategeko, ubumenyi bwa politiki n'umutekano w'imbere mu gihugu, afite impamyabumenyi y'icyiciro cya gatatu cya kaminuza mu bijyanye n'ubumuntu yakuye muri Kaminuza ya Gregorian i Roma. Yize icyiciro cya 2 mu kigo cy'amashuri yisumbuye. Ni umuhanga mu rurimi rw'Icyongereza . Yakoranye na Kaminuza ya Roma IV mu nshingano zo kwigisha, guhangana n'ibyaha by'ubuvuzi bwa forensic ndetse by'umwihariko kurwanya ikoreshwa ry'ibiyobyabwenge. Yari umwarimu n'umugenzuzi w'icyiciro cya kabiri cya Masters "Open Innovation and Entrepreunership" muri Kaminuza ya Campus Biomedico University of Rome.
Ikigo cya carabiniyeri

*ISHURI RYABOFISIYE RYA CARABINIERI*

Corps ya kera ya Royal Carabinieri yashinzwe muri Turin n'Umwami wa Sardinia Vittorio Emanuele wa I, na Warrant Royal ku ya 13 Nyakanga 1814.CC_Salvo_D'Acquisto.

Ni ishuri rya ba ofisiye ba Carabinieri riherereye mu Butaliyani / Roma unyuze kuri Aurelia. Ku ya 10 Ugushyingo 1976, hiyongereyeho amasomo n'umubare wa ba ofisiye,  cyitiriwe Major Ugo De Carolis, umudari wa Zahabu wa Carabinieri ku bw'intwari za gisirikare (muri memoriam) na Martyr wa Fosse Ardeatine.

Iri shuri ni ishuri rinini kandi ryiza rifite ubuso bungana na metero kare 82.000, Isomero, agace ka intranet yemerera abitabiriye bose guhuza umurongo wa interineti, laboratoire y'ururimi, ibyumba  by'amashuri makuru, ibikoresho by'imikino yo mu nzu no hanze, hamwe no kurasa.Iri shuri kandi rifite ibyiciro byinshi byabanyeshuri nkabanyeshuri baba barabanje gukora umwana umwe i Modena bakaza bagakora indi myaka 3 y'amasomo muri kino kigo, uruhare rwamashyamba, tekiniki ninshingano zo gusaba.

irishuri kandi ryagiye rinyura mubihe bitandukanya kandi bikomeye hagiye hakoreshwa uburyo bwinshi bwo kwinjira muri iri shuri ku buryo bubiri bwa mbere bwo kwinjiza mu gisirikare, byasabwaga kandi kwitabira amasomo yo gusaba igihe cyagenwe n’amabwiriza yihariye agenewe abapolisi bo mu Ishuri rya Gisirikare.Ubutaliyani bwinjiye mu Ntambara ya Kabiri y'Isi Yose bwazanye izindi nteko zishinga amategeko ku bijyanye no gushaka abapolisi.

Indahiro ya Ofisiye Cadets wo mu mutwe wa Carabinieri byabaye mu 1943 na byo byagize ingaruka zikomeye ku ishuri rikuru rya Royal Carabinieri, riherereye mu mujyi wa Florence, ryinjijwe mu ngabo z’igihugu cya Repubulika, umutwe witwaje intwaro wasimbuye burundu Corps ya Royal Carabinieri mu ifasi iyobowe na Repubulika y’Ubutaliyani. Muri ubwo buryo, Ishuri ryiboneye ibyabaye mu ngabo za guverinoma ya Salò, riva i Florence ryerekeza Lodi, kugeza Ubutaliyani bubohoye.

Nubwo Ishuri Rikuru ryari ryaretse kubaho, Carabinieri ntishobora kureka ibikorwa byamahugurwa make, ikoresheje ubuhanga busanzwe bwo kwigisha bwa ba Komanda, burigihe bwagiye bugengwa mumabwiriza rusange. Hamwe no kubohora Ubutaliyani, byashobokaga gukomeza gahunda yo kuvugurura Corps ku rwego rw’igihugu, bityo, no mu mashami y’amahugurwa: gusa mu 1949 ni bwo amasomo y’abofisiye yakomereje kuri iryo shuri, yakira amasomo yo gusaba abaliyetona ba kabiri muri s.p.e. guturuka mu Ishuri rya Gisirikare rya Modena, icyakora hamwe n'umwe gusa.

Mu 1952 Ishuri rikuru rya Carabinieri ryaretse kubaho, kugira ngo risubire kuba ishuri rya ba ofisiye ba Carabinieri. Mu 1951, hamwe n’ivugururwa ry’Ingabo nyuma y’Intambara ya Kabiri y'Isi Yose, byongeye kumva ko hakenewe urugero rw’amahugurwa y’abasirikare ba Carabinieri mu nyubako nshya yagaragaye i Roma, mu kigo cya Vanvitellian cyanyuze kuri Garibaldi, ubu kikaba ari icyicaro gikuru cy’ubuyobozi bw’akarere "Podgora", aho amasomo asanzwe yatangiriye ku ya 1 Ugushyingo 1952.Mu 1975, izina rya Carabinieri Officers School ryagaruwe.
Akagali ka Birembo

Akagari ka birembo ni kamwe mutugari tugize umurenge wa sovu. Gaherereye mu murenge wa Sovu Akarere ka Ngororero Intara y'Uburengerazuba. n'akagari kagizwe n'imidugudu ine ariyo Birembo, Kanyana, Musenyi na Kagano. Gakorerwamo imirimo itandukanye cyane cyane iyubuhinzi, n'ubworezi urugero koperative Terimbere yo mubirembo yorora ingurube.

Abaturage bagatuyemo bakaba bishimira iterambere bamaze kugezwaho harimo imihanda nibindi.

ngororero.gov.rw
Umurenge wa Ngororero

Umurenge wa Ngororero ni umwe mumirenge 13 igize akarere ka ngororero, ugizwe nimisozi myiza kandi ufite ubutaka busharira.

Ufite ubuso **35 km²** (kilometero kare 35)

ugabana imbibi nimirenge nka Sovu, Hindiro, Bwira, Hindiro na Kabaya.

Ni umurenge uri hagati mukarere kandi nuwo murwa wa karere. Ni ku muhanda uva Muhanga – Ngororero – Rubavu,Imihanda iva mu Ngororero igana mu yindi mirenge iracyafite ibice bya laterite bikeneye kuvugururwa.

N'umurenge ugizwe nutugari 6 aritwo: Mugano, Nyange, Kaseke, Rususa, Kazabe na Torero.

## Ishakiro
''Ngororero District Official Website''

Ibyegeranyo bya LODA na MINALOC
Ingoma y'Urweya Mu Rwanda Rwohambere

## Amateka
Ingoma y'U Rweya, bakunze kwita u Rweya rw'u Mubali, ni kimwe mu bihugu bya mbere byaranzwe kuri ubu butaka bw'u Rwanda, kikaba n'igihugu cya mbere Abazigaba bahanze bakigera my by'ino, ahasaga mu wa 400. Ni ingoma yari iherereye kuri ubu mu Karere ka Kayonza y'Amajyaruguru n'Akarere ka Gatsibo.

Gakondo nkuru yabo ari nayo yabaye intebe y'ingoma y'Abazigaba, ni mu Mirenge ya Mwiri na Murundi yo mu karere ka Kayonza, wongereho Umurenge wa Rwimbogo wo mu Akarere ka Gatsibo. Ako karere, ni ko bororokeyemo mbere y'uko bakwira mu gihugu cyose no mu bihugu dutandukanye nka Tanzania, Uganda n'u Burundi.

Umukurambere w'Abazigaba ari nawe wahanze ingoma y'u Rweya rw'u Mubali, ni Kazigaba, ingoma Ngabe yabo nk'ikirango cy'igihugu yari "sera'.Umwami wagengaga ingoma y'u Rweya rw'u Mubali mu iyaduka ry'Abanyiginya muri aka karere, ni Kabeja, ari na we se wa Nyamigezi wabaye sekuru wa Gihanga, kuko se Kazi yashatse Nyirarukangaga rwa Nyamigezi, babyarana Gihanga n;abandi bana.

Ingoma y'u Rweya rw'u Mubali, yigaruriwe na Kigeli Ndabarasa ahasaga mu wa 1740. Icyogihe yica Biyoro umwami w'icyo gihugu, ingoma yabo izima ityo. Ubutaka bwayo babwomeka ku Rwanda.
Umusozi wa kalisimbi

Umusozi wa kalisimbi ni umwe mumisozi miremire muri afurika, ukaba ahantu nyaburanga  u Rwanda rufite hakurura ba mukerarugendo baturutse hirya nohino ku isi, bitewe nuko ufite ibintu byinshi bidasanzwe namateka yihariye.  kalisimbi iherereye mu majyaruguru y' u Rwanda kumupaka uruhuza na Repubulika iharanira  Demokarasi ya Congo.https://www.webrwanda.com/2021/05/ikirunga-cyamize-abazungu-umunara.htmlhttps://igihe.com/ubukerarugendo/ahantu-nyaburanga/article/u-rwanda-ku-rutonde-rw-ahantu-nyaburanga-ho-gusura-mu-2024

kalisimbi ifite uburebure bungana na metero 4507  kandi  ikaba ifite namasimbi kugasongero kayo https://mobile.igihe.com/amakuru/u-rwanda/article/kalisimbi-events-yashimiwe-uruhare-igira-mu-guteza-imbere-itangwa-rya-serivisi

INKOMOKO

1.Kalisimbi Events yashimiwe uruhare igira mu guteza imbere itangwa rya serivisi nziza | IGIHE

2.Ikirunga cyamize abazungu, umunara udasanzwe ku gasongero; ibintu 6 bidasanzwe kuri Karisimbi - #rwanda #RwOT

3.Ikirunga cyamize abazungu, umunara udasanzwe ku gasongero; ibintu 6 bidasanzwe kuri Karisimbi - #rwanda #RwOT
Umusozi wa muhabura

umusozi wa muhabura nimwe mumisozi miremire u Rwanda rufite cyikaba giherere mumajyaruguru y'u Rwanda muturere twa burera na musanze gifite amateka maremare yatumye kitwa iryozina kuko mbere atariko cyitwaga, umusozi wamuhabura ukaba wariswe izina n'umwami w'u Rwanda rwa kera witwa kigeli nyamuheshera mu myaka ya 1600, ubwo yaguraga u Rwanda.https://inyarwanda.com/rw/amakuru/inkomoko-y-izina-muhabura-ryiswe-ikirunga-cya-muhabura-51678

inkomoko

Inkomoko y'izina Muhabura ryiswe ikirunga cya Muhabura | InyaRwanda.com
Umusozi wa kanyarira

Iyo umuntu avuze izina Kanyarira buri wese ahita yumva umusozi muremure uherereye mu ntara y’Amajyepfo mu karere ka RUHANGO umurenge wa Byimana akagari ka Mpanda ukunze guhurirwaho n’abakirisitu batandukanye bajya kuwusengeraho ngo basubizwe bimwe mu bibazo bafite.

bamwe mu basaza bahabyirukiye kuva kera bavuga ko izina Kanyarira rikomoka ku mazi yaturukaga mu biti biteye kuri uyu musozi agahora atonyanga kubera ikime cyahahoraga muri ibyo biti mu bihe byo hambere.

Bitewe n’imyizerere y’abantu uyu musozi waje guhinduka ahantu twakwita hatagatifu abantu baza kuhayoboka bakajya bahasengera.

Kubera ko haje kugwa abantu bari mu masengesho inzego z’ubuyobozi zabujije abantu kujya kuhasengera ariko byanga gucika burundu kuko nubu hari abajya kuhasengera bizeye ko ibibazo bafite biri bukemuke bizeye ko Imana iri bubafashe kubikemura.

Abagiye bapfira kuri uyu musozi w’Amasengesho ngo bagiye bazira impanuka zijyanye n’imiterere y’aho baba bagiye gusengera ugasanga batungurwa kandi nta butabazi bubari hafi ngo ugize ikibazo abe yafashwa ku buryo bwihuse.
Ikiyaga cya cyambwe

Ikiyaga cya cyambwe giherereye mukarere ka kirehe mumurenge wa nasho

iki kiyaga kizwi ku izina rya rwehikama.                                                                                                 

### IBINYABUZIMA BIGARAGARAMO
.amafi

.imvubu

.ingona

#### Akamaro ki kiyaga ku karere
akarere ka kirehe gashimangirako iki kiyaga gitanga umusaruro munini wamafi kigateza imbere ubuhinzi aho hakurwamo amazi akoreshwa mukuhira muri irrigation nasho. kandi kagashishikariza abaturajye bahegereye kukibungabunga no kwirinda uburobyi butemewe kuko hagaragaramo ibinyabuzima byica nkingona nimvubu.
Ishuri ryimyitozo yagisirikare rya nasho

ishuri ryimyitozo yagisirikare rya nasho riherereye mu karere ka kirehe hagati yumurenge wa mpanga na nasho 

rikaba ritanga imyitozo kubasirikare bato (BASIC TRAINING CENTER NASHO)

irishuri rigaragara hagati yibiyaga bya cyambwe na nasho kandi rikaba riri mu ishyamba.

igisirikare cyu rwanda kivugako abanyeshuri binjira buri mwaka abeshi batorezwa mwishuri rya nasho kandi ko baba bafite ubumenyi buhagie mubya gisirikare.

### igisirikare cyu rwanda
igisirikare cyurwanda cyatangaje ko cyunguka abasirikare bashya harimo inkumi nabasore batorejwe mu ishuri rya nasho buri mwaka
GS NYAMIRAMA

GS Nyamirama ni ikigo giherereye mu karere ka Gatsibo mu murenge wa Gitoki, akagari ka nyamirama, umudugudu wa nyamuraza.Kigizwe n'amashuri abanza ndetse nayisumbuye.mu myaka ibiri ishize nibwo iki kigo cyongereye isoko yubumenyi kubanyesuri aho cyashyizeho amashuri yinshuke aho abana batangira kwiga bahereye hasi bakazamuka bafite ireme ry'ubumenyi buhagije ugereranije igihe cyagiye kibanza abana, bigagaga bahereye mu mashuri abanza.
Igishanga cya Rwabuye

Igishanga cya rwabuye ni igishanga gihereye mu ntara y'amajyepfo mu karere ka Huye ni kumuhanda uva mu mugi wa Kigali werekeza mu mugi wa Huye. 

Iki gishanga gikunzwe kwibasirwa n'ibiza ndetse n'umwuzure mugihe cy'imvura nyinshi. 

Iki gishanga ahanini hacyo gihingwamo igihingwa cy'umuceri, nawo wangiza n'amazi menshi akunze guterwa n'imvura nyinshi. abaturage batuye muri iki gishanga bavugako iyo imvura y'u kwa kane itangiye kugwa baba bareba neza neza uko amazi atangira kuza nabo bagahita bafata utwangushye bagahungira kumuhanda bakaza kugaruka ari uko imvura ihise.
Ingufu za Hydrogen

### INGUFU ZA HYDROGEN
Ni ingufu z'ikinyabutabire kiboneka mu mazi (H20) cyangwa kigacukurwa mu misozi ikindi nuko ikinyabutabire hydrogen(H2) gishobora gucanywa ndetse cyikifashishwa mu gukora amabuye (fuelcells) mu gutanga amashanyarazi 

#### AMOKO YA HYDROGEN

# Hydrogen y'icyatsi (Green Hydrogen)
# Hydrogen y'ibarary'ivu (Grey Hydrogen)
# Hydrogen y'ubururu (Blue hydrogen)
# Hydrogen ya piki (Pink hydrogen)c
# Hydrogen y'umukara n'umweru (Black and Brown hydrogen) 

### Ejo hazaza hi ngufu za Hydrogen y' Icyatsi
Tumenye hydrogen y'icyatsi ni Hadrogen itangiza ibidukikije (Eco-hydrogen) ni hydrodero y'amararankuba yakozwe hakoreshejwe ingufu zishya mu gutandukanya amazi. Ubu buryo ngombwa bukoresha mashini itandukanya amazi (electrolyzer) ifite imishinga y'anode na cathode, ikoresha amashanyarazi (akenshi aturuka kumwimerere) kugirango itandukanye amazi. Hydrodero y'amararankuba isohoka ikoreshwa, ituma turwanya impinduka z'ikirere kandi ituma dushobora kugera ku ntego yo kugabanya umwuka mubi hasi cyane mu mwaka wa 2050. Hakoreshejwe hydrodero y'amararankuba mu bikorwa byo gutwika amazi (boiler) aho gukoresha amavuta aturuka mu byasigaye  mu butaka, byagabanya cyane kwangirika kw' ikirere, bigatuma turi hafi y'aho tutazongera kugira inyongera z'ikirere. 

### Amashakiro
Ibyiza bya kirehe

kirehe nakarere ko murwanda gahana imbibi nigihugu cya tanzaniya kakaba kagizwe

nimirenge cumi nibiri mpanga, nasho, gatore,kirehe,mahama,kigina, nyarubuye,gahara,mushikiri,nyamugari,kigarama, nyamugari.

kakaba gatatswe nudusozi dutandukanye nibiyaga nka cyambwe nasho nisumo rya rusumo amashyamba ya makera.

### ibyiza bya kirehe bigaragara cyane mumirenge ikurikira

# nyarubuye
# mpanga 
# nyamugari
Umurenge wa Kamabuye

umurenge wa kamabuye ni umwe mu mirenge igize akarere ka bugesera mu burasirazuba bw'urwanda ukaba ugizwe nibibaya ndetse hagakunda no gushyuha cyane hakaba hari ibikorwa remezo bitandukanye ndetse abaturage biganje bakaba ari abahinzi. 

* Kamabuye ikaba igizwe nabaturage **24,502**  mu ibarura ryakozwe Population [2022] aho igitsinagore cyiganje nabaturage 12542 naho abagabo bakaba bake numubare wa 11,960 

* kamabuye kandi ikaba ifite ubuso bungana na **240.6/km²** Population Density [2022] byavuye mwibarura ryabaye mumwaka wa 2022
Umurenge wa Kanama

**Umurenge wa Kanama** ni umwe mu mirenge cumi n'ibiri igize Akarere ka Rubavu  mu Ntara y'uburengerazuba ukaba warahoze muri prefegitura ya Gisenyi mbere yuko zikurwaho. 

Mubushakashatsi bwakoze bwerekana imibereho yabaturage ndetse n'ingo mu mwaka wa 2022 n'ikigo cy'igihugu gishinzwe ibarurisha mibare bwagaragajeko, Umurenge wa Kanama: 

* ufite ubuso bungana na km² 42.91 
* utuwe n'abaturage bagera mu bihumbi 37,584 aho 52.8% ari abagore naho 47.2% ari abagabo. 54.5% bakaba bari hagati y'imyaka 15 na 64, 42.7% bakaba bari munsi y'imyaka 15 naho 2.8% bakaba bari hejuru ya 64.
* ufite utuwe kuri km² 1 nabaturage basaga 876
* 43.9% ari umugi mugihe 56.1% ari icyaro.

Umurenge wa Kanama ukaba uhana imbibi n'umurenge wa Nyundo, Nyakiriba ndetse na Kanzenze

## Reba
Adegi gituza

ADEGI GITUZA n'ishuri riherereye muntara yuburasirazuba,mu karere ka Gatsiboaho kigwize nikiciro cya amashuri yisumbuye uhereye mukiciro rusange ukageza mukiciro cyamashami agiye atandukanye harimo HEG,MEG,PCB,MPC,PCM,...
Umurenge wa mpanga

mpanga ni umwe mumirenge igize akarere ka kirehe gaherereye mu ntara yiburasirazuba 

ukabauhana imbibi nimirenge nka nasho, nyarubuye, mahama etc. uyumurenge numwe mu itatse neza murwanda nibibaya 

### ibyiza byo muri mpanga

### '''''1. ibiyaga'''''

### ''2. amashyamba''
3. amabuye nimisozi
Pariki nkuru n'umusozi wa Algon

Pariki y'igihugu ya mount Elgon ni pariki yo mugihugu cya Kenya ihuriyeho na Uganga ifite ubuso ubuso bwa 140 km (87 mi) mu majyaruguru y'uburasirazuba bw'ikiyaga cya Victoria. pariki ifite ubuso bwa 1,279 kilometa ( 494 sq mi). igice cya uganda mu parike gifite 1,110 km mu gihe ogice cya kenya gifite ubuso bwa 169 km.

## Umusozi wa Elgon
Iyi pariki bayise umusozi Elgon, akaba ari ikirunga cyazimiye kikaba cyari giherereye ku mupaka wa Uganda na Kenya, Pariki y'igihugu ya mount Elgon igabanyijemo umwihariko wa kenya na Uganda, umusozi wa Elgon kandi ukaba ufite amazi akomoka ku ruzi Nzola, rutemba rugana ku kiyaga cya Victoria, no ku ruzi rwa Turkwel rutemba mu kiyaga cya kurkana 

## Ikirere
Umusozi wa Elgon ufite ikirere gifite ubuhehere kandi bwumutse kigagira kandi umvura y'umwaka irenga 1,270 mm (50 in), Ibihe byumye bizwi nkimpeshyi bitangira muri kamena kugeza kanama no mukuboza kugeza werurwe, imvura ishobora kugwa igihe icyo aricyo cyose, umusozi wa Elgon iterwaho ibimera byinshi bitandukanye mu mashyamba ya montana kugaza ku gasozi keza kegeranye lobelle, pariki ya Elgon kandi ufimo ubwoko bw'inyamanswa burenga 400 butandukanye ukabaho kandi ubwoko bwinyoni byibuze 144, igishimishije cyane nubwoko bw'inyozi za jackson ,igice cy'iburasirazuba cy'uzuyemo inuma 

## Ibidukikije ku musozi wa Elgon
Mbere y'ubuyobozi bw'ubukoroni, ubutaka bukikijwe n'umusozi wa Elgon bw'acungwaga hashingiwe ku miterere n'ingufu z'abasangwabutaka, byabuzaga gukoresha cyane umutungo kamere ku butumburuke rusange bw'umusozi, ibisabwa kuri ubwo buryo byujuje ku buryo burambye kubera ko ubucucike bw'abaturage mu gace kegeranye bwari bukubye inshuro nyinshyi ugereranije nubu.

## Amashakiro
Select Express LTD (Rwanda)

Select Express LTD ni ikigo cy'igenga gikorera mu gihugu cy'u Rwanda kikaba gitanga serivisi y'ubwikorezi bw'abantu n'ibintu mu gihugu cy'u Rwanda by'umwihariko mu ntara y'Uburasirazuba.

## Amavu n'amavuko
Select Express LTD ni ikigo cyashinzwe ku italiki ya 2 Gicurasi mu mwaka wa 2013, kikaba cyaremejwe n'urwego rushinzwe kugenzura imikorere y'inzego zimwe z'imirimo ifitiye igihugu akamaro (RURA). Aho uru rwego rwahaye iki kigo uburenganzira bwo gutanga serivisi y'ubwikorezi bw'abantu n'ibintu mu gihugu cy'u Rwanda.

Select Express LTD ifite icyicaro cyayo gikuru mu mujyi wa Kigali.

## IBYEREKEZO IKORERAMO
Select Express LTD nk'ikigo gitanga serivisi z'ubwikorezi bw'abantu n'ibintu mu gihugu cy'u Rwanda by'umwihariko mu ntara y'Iburasirazuba, ikorera mu byerekezo bitandukanye bikurikira aho ivana ikanajya abantu n'ibintu muri ibi byerekezo bikurikira;

* Kigali
* Rusumo
* Nyakarambi
* Kibungo
* Kabarondo
* Kayonza
* Rwamagana

## Inyandiko zifashishijwe
Kigali Marriott Hotel

**Kigali Marriott** **Hotel** ni hoteri nziza y'ubucuruzi iherereye mu mujyi wa  Kigali k'umuhanda KN3 , mu akarere ka Nyarugenge, imbere y'ambasade y'Ubushinwa, n’ibiro by'umujyi wa Kigali mu Rwanda. Iyi hotel ifite ubunararibonye mu kwakira abashyitsi no gutanga serivisi zitandukanye zirimo kwakira ibirori mpuzamahanga, inama zikomeye, Ubukwe n'amahugurwa.

## Indanganturo
Ikigega cy'Imari yo Gusana Imihanda

Ikigega cy'Imari yo gusana Imihanda **RMF(Road Maintenance Fund)**  n' Ikigo cya letay' u Rwanda cyashinzwe n'itegeko No.49/2013 rya 28/06/2013 ryasohowe mw'igazeti ya leta riteganya inshingano zayo arizo zari gukusanya no gutera inkunga isana ry'imihanda mugihugu hose.

## INKOMOKO
Nubwo iki kigo cyahawe ubwigenge n'itegeko rya 2013,Iki Ikigega cyashyizweho mu mwaka wa 1998 ,mw'iyubaka Igihigu bushyashya nyuma ya Genocide yakorewe abatutsi mu 1994 muburyo bwo kubungabunga no gusana imihanda y'u Rwanda,Kuva cyashingwa, RMF(Road Maintenance Fund) yateye intambwe igaragara mu kubungabunga ndetse no Gusana imihanda nubwo yari ifite amikoro make.

## UMUTUNGO W'IKIGEGA
Ahantu umutungo wiki Kigega uva ni ahantu hatandukanye nk'imisoro ya lisansi na mazutu bingana na 69.4% by'umutungo wiki kigo ,ahandi kandi ni Umuhanda wishyurwa ku binyabiziga biremereye byo mu mahanga - wakwa hakurikijwe amabwiriza ya COMESA, utanga 29.6% byinjira muri RMF.Indi sooko kandi ni amande acibwa aberenga kumategeko yo mumuhanda ,bingana na 1% byinjira muri RMF.

## IMIYOBORERE
RMF ikora nk'ikigo cya Leta cyigenga gifite Inama y'Ubuyobozi, Umuyobozi Mukuru, n'abakozi ba tekinike n'imari,Bagenzurwa na Minisiteri ishinzwe ibikorwa remezo ndetse bagakorana bya hafi n'inzego z'uturere ndetse nizindi nzego za leta
Nyankorogoma

nyankorogoma nurugomero rutanga ingufu zamashanyarazi ziturutse kumazi zingana na 11kw

ururugomero rukaba rwarubatswe numuturange wagize igitekerezo aho amazi yasumaga yasenyeraga abaturange agatwara nimyaka yabo cyane cyane iyo imvura yabaga yaguye. umuturange witwa hakuzwumuremyi victor niwe wagize uruhare mukubaka uru rugomero rukaba rugaburira umidugudu nka kabuga na rudandi

### Aho ruherereye
Nyankorogoma iherereye mumurenge wa mpanga mumudugudu wa rudandi 

amazi yasenyeraga abatuye muri nyawera village
Umurenge wa Mayange

umurenge wa Mayange ni umwe mu mirenge igize akarere ka bugesera mu burasirazuba bw'urwanda ukaba ugizwe nibibaya ndetse hagakunda no gushyuha cyane hakaba hari ibikorwa remezo bitandukanye ndetse abaturage biganje bakaba ari abahinzi.

* Kamabuye ikaba igizwe nabaturage **54,084 <small>Population [2022]</small>**  mu ibarura ryakozwe  aho igitsinagabo cyiganje nabaturage 27433  naho abagore bakaba bake numubare wa 26651

* kamabuye kandi ikaba ifite ubuso bungana na **368.4/km²** Population Density [2022] byavuye mwibarura ryabaye mumwaka wa 2022
Ururimi rwikirashi

ni ururimi ruvugwa murwanda cyane cyane nabaturange baturuka muturere nka kirehe,ngoma na kayonza muduce tumwe na tumwe

abaturange butu turere bavugako bamenye ikinyarwanda bari munkambi mugihugu cya tanzaniya. uru rurimi rwikirashi rwumvikana nkindimi zitandukanye zo mubihugu nka uganda ( ikinyankore) tanzaniya ( ikinyambo ni gihaya). ni ururimi rwumuco rwa kera mucyahoze ari  igihugu kigisaka. 

### urugero rwikirashi
mukuramukanya bavuga : 1.ago mwasibana bivuze amakuru mwirirwanye

2. MUKOMIRE?  BIVUZE MURAKOMEYE?
Artificial Intelligence

## <big>Ubwenge bu hangano</big>
Bivuga ukugereranwa n'ubwenge bw'umuntu mu mashini hakoreshejwe porogaramu zo zigisha gukora nk'umuntu (kwiga no gutekereza nk'umuntu  

## Ibice by'ingenzi bikoze AI

# Amakuru (Data) 
# Imikoreshereze ya mudasobwa (Algorithms)
# Imikoreshereze ya mudasobwa (Machine learning and Deep learning )

AMASHAKIRO
Isuku muri kayonza

nyuma yuko akarere ka kayonza gashyizwe mudufite imijyi yunganira umujyi wa kigali abashoramari basabye kwihutisha iterambere

kugirango bibafashe gukomeza guteza imbere umujyi wa kayonza binyuze mukwimakaza isuku

### aho akarere ka kayonza gaherereye
aka karere gaherereye mu ntara yiburasirazuba gahana imbibi na rwamagana,ngoma,gatsibo na kirehe.

#### uko isuku yifashe mumujyi wa kayonza
kayonza ni umwe mumijyi itatu yatoranyijwe murwanda izagezwaho numushinga wa lake vikitoria water na sanitation         

uzageza amazi mumujyi murwengo rwo kwimakaza isuku
Umurenge wa Cyanzarwe

**Umurenge wa** **Cyanzarwe** ni umwe mu mirenge cumi n'ibiri igize Akarere ka Rubavu mu Ntara y'uburengerazuba ukaba warahoze muri prefegitura ya Gisenyi mbere yuko zikurwaho.

Mubushakashatsi bwakozwe bwerekana imibereho y'abaturage ndetse n'ingo mu mwaka wa 2022 n'ikigo cy'igihugu gishinzwe ibarurisha mibare bwagaragajeko, Umurenge wa Cyanzarwe:

* ufite ubuso bungana na km² 34.80
* utuwe n'abaturage bagera mu bihumbi 38,977 aho 52.1% ari abagore naho 47.9% ari abagabo. 51.7% bakaba bari hagati y'imyaka 15 na 64, 45.4% bakaba bari munsi y'imyaka 15 naho 2.9% bakaba bari hejuru ya 64.
* ufite utuwe kuri km² 1 nabaturage basaga 1,120
* 16.7% ari umugi mugihe 83.3% ari icyaro.

Umurenge wa Cyanzarwe ukaba uhana imbibi n'umurenge wa Busasamana, Kanzenze, Rubavu ndetse na Nyakiriba.

## Reba
Nyakabungo

### akagari ka nyakabungo
nikamwe mutugize umurenge wa mpanga mukarere ka kirehe muntara yiburasirazuba hagaragarayo urugomero rwa nyankorogoma rwubatswe mumidugudu yaka kagali kanyakabungo harimo uwa rudandi na kabuga. muri aka kagali hari umudugudu wa gikushya na nyagatovu hakorerwa ubuhinzi cyane cyane ubwa kawa.

### ibikorwaremezo bihagaragara
nyakabungo hagaragara uruganda rutunganya kawa yabaturange binyuze mumushinga wa RWACOF

hagaragara ahakorewe umushinga wa RDF woguhinga kawa (MINADEF)

hagaragara nubuhinzi bwibitoki na mashyamba yibiti bya karitusi
Umurenge wa Kanzenze

**Umurenge wa** **Kanzenze** ni umwe mu mirenge cumi n'ibiri igize Akarere ka Rubavu mu Ntara y'uburengerazuba ukaba warahoze muri prefegitura ya Kanzenze mucyahoze ari komine ya kanzenze mbere yuko zikurwaho.

Mubushakashatsi bwakozwe bwerekana imibereho y'abaturage ndetse n'ingo mu mwaka wa 2022 n'ikigo cy'igihugu gishinzwe ibarurisha mibare bwagaragajeko, Umurenge wa Kanzenze:

* ufite ubuso bungana na km² 22.59
* utuwe n'abaturage bagera mu bihumbi 23,127 aho 53.2% ari abagore naho 46.8% ari abagabo. 54.9% bakaba bari hagati y'imyaka 15 na 64, 41.5% bakaba bari munsi y'imyaka 15 naho 3.6% bakaba bari hejuru ya 64.
* utuwe kuri km² 1 nabaturage basaga 1,024
* 80.6% ari umugi mugihe 19.4% ari icyaro

Umurenge wa Kanzenze ukaba uhana imbibi n' umurenge wa cyanzarwe, Nyakiriba, Mudende ndetse nu wa Busasamana.

## Reba
Ubuzima bwo kumuhanda

Ubuzima bw'abana baba ku mihanda bugenda buba bubi uko iminsi ishira.

abana bo ku muhanda bagenda by'ubuzima biterwa no kwicwa n'inzara ndetse no kubura ubuvuzi mugihe baba barwaye, ndetse n'umwanda mwinshi bahura nawo ushobora kuba intandaro y'ubwo burwayi. Centre Cyprien et Daphrose Rugamba (CECYDAR), ni kimwe mu bigo bifasha abana bo mu muhanda gusubira mu buzima busanzwe, aho baganirizwa kugira ngo harebwe impamvu bari mu muhanda, ndetse bagafashwa gusubira mu muryango.

Kuva mu 1992 CECYDAR imaze kugorora abana bo mu muhanda barenga 5215, kongerera ubushobozi ingo 870 no kubaka inzu 28 z’imiryango itishoboye. Uhereye muri 2018 kugera ubu, abana 676 baragorowe ndetse banasubizwa mu miryango yabo, muri bo abagera kuri 332 bafashwa mu bijyanye n’uburezi. 

abana b'abakobwa kandi nabo bagaragara ku muhanda, ariko bo haba hari ibyago byinshi by'uko bahohoterwa na bagenzi babo babahungu cyangwa abandi bagabo. bityo bo bakaba bagerwaho n'ingaruka nyinshi z'ubwo buzima bwo ku muhanda kurusha basaza babo, aho baterwa inda z;indahekana, bagakoerwa n'ihohotererwa ryo ku mubiri.
Umurenge wa Mudende

**Umurenge wa Mudende** ni umwe mu mirenge cumi n'ibiri igize Akarere ka Rubavu mu Ntara y'uburengerazuba ukaba warahoze muri prefegitura ya Mudende mucyahoze ari komine ya Mutura mbere yuko zikurwaho muri 2002.****

Mubushakashatsi bwakozwe bwerekana imibereho y'abaturage ndetse n'ingo mu mwaka wa 2022 n'ikigo cy'igihugu gishinzwe ibarurisha mibare bwagaragajeko, Umurenge wa Mudende:

* ufite ubuso bungana na km² 33.10
* utuwe n'abaturage bagera mu bihumbi 32,077 aho 52.4% ari abagore naho 47.6% ari abagabo. 56.1% bakaba bari hagati y'imyaka 15 na 64, 40.9% bakaba bari munsi y'imyaka 15 naho 3.1% bakaba bari hejuru ya 64.
* utuwe kuri km² 1 nabaturage basaga 969.0
* 26.1% ari umugi mugihe 73.9% ari icyaro

Umurenge wa Mudende ukaba uhana imbibi n'umurenge wa Bugeshi, Busasamana Cyanzarwe ndetse nu wa Kanzenze.

## Reba
Urwibutso rwa genocide rwa nyarubuye

ni urwibutso ruherereye mukarere ka kirehe mumurenge wa nyarubuye rwegereye kiriziya gatorika paruwasi ya nyarubuye

ururwibutso ruruhukiyemo imibiri yinzirakarengane zazize jenoside ya korewe abatutsi murwanda 1994.              

haruhukiyemo imibiri isaga ibihumbi 60. abarokokeye muri iyi paruwasi ya nyarubuye bavugako genoside yaho yakoranywe ubugome bukabije kuko abatutsi baho bishwe bakaribwa imitima iminja zigasekurwa mwisekuru zigakubitwa kunkuta zurusengero.

### amateka
mu basuye urwibutso rwa nyarubuye beretswe ibimenyetso bigaragaza ubwicanyi ndenga kamere bwakoranywe genoside yabereye muri paruwasi ya nyarubuye aho beretse ifuru yokerezwagaho imitima yabatutsi berekwa amasekuru aho imina zakubitagwa . imivure yategwagamo amaraso yabatutsi bishwe kugirango barebe ko ahinduka amata.

abarokotse bashimye RPF inkotanyi nabandi baturage babafashije kurokoka basaba gukomeza umutima wubutwari aribyo bizaca inzangano zijyanye namacakubiri yagejeje igihugu mwicuraburindi
Akungo

Icyunngo ni kimwe mu bikoresho bya ahambere byakoreshwaga mu guteka kandi nanubu bigikoreshwa, iterambere ritaraza mu Rwanda ndetse no muri afrika beshyi nicyo gikoresho bifashishaga mugutegura amafunguro yabo, uko iminsi ishira indi igataha, abanyarwanda barazizibukira bagategurira mu bikoresho bizwi nka amasafuriya, akanyungo ni kimwe mu bikoresho byahambere aho bamwe mu rubyiruko rwubu bavugako batakizi.

icyo ni imwe mu nkono gakondo gikozwe mw'ibumba akaba ari igikoresho bifashishaga kurubu wagereranya n'isafuriya kikaba cyarakoreshwaga mugutegura amafunguro ndetse no mubihugu bimwe na bimwe byo muri africa cyane cyane mu Rwanda rwo hambere

## Ubwiza bw'icyungo
Bavugako imboga zitekewe mu kungo ziryoha kurusha izatekewe mucyo twakzita amasafuriya ya kijyambere, ikindi hari ababumbyi batunzwe no kubumba, iyo babaga babumbye ibyungo ndetse n'ibindi bikoresho biva mwibumba byatumaga babona imibereho bakabasha kwiteza imberer mu buryo bumwe cyangwa ubundi 

## Amashakiro
Aberdare Range Mountain

Abardare Range ni umusozi muremure uherereye mu majyaruguro yo mu murwa mukuru wa kenya ukaba upima kilometero zisaga 160km hamwe n'uburebure bwa metero 3,500 na fiti 11,480 ft. uzenguruka intara za Nyandurua, Nyeri, Murang'ra na Kiambu na Laikipia. 

## Imiterere
Ikibanza cyangwase umusozi wa Aderdare ugizwe nigice cy'uruhande rw'iburasirazuba bw'ikibaya kinini cy RIFT kinyura mu majyaruguru ugana mu majyepfo. Mu burengerazuba , intara igwa hasi cyane mu kibaya cya Kinangop hanyuma ikagera mu kibaya kinini cya rift iburasirazuba, intara ihanamye cyane ikiyaga cya naivasha hamwe na Mau Escarpment ya kure bishobora kugaragara uhereye kumpinga ndende bufite uburebure bwa 3,999 metero na ft 13,120. Aberdares ni umusozi kandi ufite agace k'amazi y'urubogobogo rwa Sasumua n'urugomero rwa Ndakaini, rutanga amazi menshi i Nairobi. Amashyamba yo mu misozi ni agace kegereye Umugezi wa Tana, uruzi runini muri Kenya rutanga amazi ku rugomero rw'amashanyarazi rwa seven forks rutanga hejuru ya 55 ku ijana by'amashanyarazi yose kenya.

## Ishyamba rya Aderdare
Ishyamba rya Aderdare Ranges niryo ryakira ishyamba rya Escarpments ya kikiyu ikora mu majyaruguru kuva muri Nairobi,Aderdare itandukanye cyane mu burebure bwa metero 2000 na ft 6,600 ku mupaka wa mashyamba kuruhande rwiburasirazuba na 4,001 metero na ft 13.127 werekeza ku nkombe yo mumajyaruguru kun mupaka ya oldonyo lesatima. Ranges imanuka iva ku minga yerekeza I nyaruhuhu uherereye mu majyaruguru aho bigaragara ko ibibata byinzuzi byangiritse hamwe n'imiyoboro y'ibiyaga. ku ruhande rw'amajyepfo.

## Amashakiro
Amashyamba ya Kimeza

Amashyamba ni kimwe mu mutungo kamere u Rwanda rufite ariko by bikaba byifashishwa mu gukora imibavu.https://www.kigalitoday.com/ibidukikije/ibimera/article/amashyamba-kimeza-107-asigaye-mu-rwanda-ashobora-kuzimirahttps://web.archive.org/web/20240523145309/https://www.igihe.com/umuco/amateka/article/imisozi-yabimburiye-indi-kubyara-u-rwanda-tubona-ubu

## Kubungabunga amashyamba ya kimeza
Minisiteri ishinzwe Ubutaka n'Amashyamba (MINILAF) yatangiye gahunda yo kubungabunga amashyamba 107 rukumbi ya kimeza u Rwanda rusigaranye, kugira ngo adacika.

Kubera ubukana bw'iyangirika ry'amashyamba cyane cyane aya kimeza , hanashyizweho itegeko rya Minisiteri w'intebe rirengera bene ayo mashyamba adafite kirengera. Iri tegeko ryaje gushyigikira irigenga ibidukikije rigaragaza ubwoko bw'ibiti bigomba kurindwa kandi rikanatunga agatoki aho biherereye, ku buryo n'umuntu wafatwa abitema ahita akurikiranwa.

Rumwe muri izo ngero ni ibiti byitwa  Umushikiri" byari byibasiwe mu minsi ishije , aho byavugwaga ko bitanga imibavu ariko nyuma yo gukaza iryo tegeko; abafashwe bagakurikiranywa n'ubutabera byaracitse.

Igisigaye ni amashyamba mato aherereye hirya no hino mu gihuhu ariko atitaweho nk'uko bikwiye. Ayo amashyamba abarirwa muri 107 ko ari yo asigaye mu Rwanda ariko MINILAF ikaba yarahagurukiye kuyarinda ngo atazimira. 

Ishyamba rya Kibirizi riteye kuri hegitare 183 ni rimwe muri aya mashyamba arinzwe n'iteka rya Minisitiri. Iri shyamba riherereye mu  karere ka Nyanza mu Ntara y' Amajyepfo na ryo riri mu ryakunze kwibasirwa kubera ibiti by'imishikiri bihateye. Ariko kuva Guverinoma yahagurukira iki kibazo ba rushimusi b'ibiti baragabanutse, kandi n'ingamba zo kurinda amashyamba nk'aya zarakajijwe.

Igice gishinzwe kubungabunga amashyamba muri MINILAF cyatangije gahunda y'uko hari ibiti byavangwa n'imyaka cyane cyane ahegereye ya masahyamba ariko umwihariko uzashyirwa abhantu hegereye amashyamba akeneye kurindwa. Gahunda nk'iyi yo kurengera amashyamba karemano bakoresheje umukandara w'andi mashyamba agirira abaturage akamaro, isa n'iyagize akamaro ku baturiye ishyamba rya Nyungwe riherereye mu gice cya Kitabi mu Karere ka Nyamagabe.

Mu mwaka wa 2018 ubuso bwari  buhinzeho amashyamba mu Rwanda , bwanganaga 29.6% ubariyemo n'aya kimeza yose.Gahunda ya leta yagaragaza ko bugomba kwiyongera bukagera kuri 30% muri 2020.

## Amashakiro:
1.https://www.igihe.com/umuco/amateka/article/imisozi-yabimburiye-indi-kubyara-u-rwanda-tubona-ubu

2.https://www.kigalitoday.com/ibidukikije/ibimera/article/amashyamba-kimeza-107-asigaye-mu-rwanda-ashobora-kuzimira
Ibyutaruzi kuri pariki yigihugu ya nyungwe

Pariki y'igihungu ya nyungwe ni ishyamba cyimeza ribarizwa mu burengerazuba bwamajyepfo bw'u Rwanda, rifatanye na pariki y'igihugu  ya kibira yomujyihugu cy'u Burundi kandi rishobora kuba ariryo shyamba ry'inzitane ryo mumisozi minini kandi miremire muri afirika yose .https://www.kigalitoday.com/ibidukikije/ibimera/article/amashyamba-kimeza-107-asigaye-mu-rwanda-ashobora-kuzimira

### aho riherereye
iryo shyamba riri mu misozi ifite ubutumburuke buri hagati ya m 1600 na m2950 kandi ririmo amoko menshi yibimera  ndetse namoko menshi yinyamanswa  ajyizwe ahanini n'inyoni ndetse n'inguge .https://www.kigalitoday.com/ubukerarugendo/pariki/Menya-pariki-y-igihugu-ya-Nyungwe

indanganturo

1.https://www.kigalitoday.com/ibidukikije/ibimera/article/amashyamba-kimeza-107-asigaye-mu-rwanda-ashobora-kuzimira

2.https://www.kigalitoday.com/ubukerarugendo/pariki/Menya-pariki-y-igihugu-ya-Nyungwe
Cherang'any Hills

Imisozi ya Cherang'any ni imisozi miremire yo mu burengerazuba bwa Kenya. uyu musozi mu umwe mu mashyamba atanu ya kenya ifatwa nk'ubukerarugendo, n'umusozi muremure ukaba wegeranye ni ikibaye kinini cyo hagati, igabanijwe na Mau Escarpment izamuka ku mupaka wa Tanzaniya kugera misozi ya Cherang'any, Escarpment ihuza ikibaya kizamuka kumusozi wa Elgon. Umusozi wa Cherangany uzenguruka intara eshatu arizo Trans Nzoia, Elgeyo marakwet no Pokot y'iburengerazuba. 

## Imiterere
Umusozi wa Cherang'any urebererwa n'umuryango w'abibumbye ishinzwe ibidukikije nka kamwe mu turere dutanu tw'ingenzi two gufata amazi muri kenya. () umuryango wa bibumbye ukurikirana impinduka z'amashyamba hagati ya 2000 na 2003, Umusozi wa Charang'any niyo yibasiwe cyane n'amashyamba yakurikiranwe, aho hagati 174.3 zatewe n'amashyamba, iki gihombo kikaba kiboneka mu karere ka marakwet no mu karere ka pokot. kubera ko iki gipande cy'amashyamba kavukire, umuryango wabibumbye urasaba ko ako gace gakurikiranywa hafi kugirango hatabaho irimbuka ry'uwo musozi. 

## Amashakiro
Kivu belt

kivu belt nizina ry'umuhanda unyura kunyengero zikiyaga cya kivu muburengerazuba  bw'u Rwanda woroheje ingendo muturere two muri iyo ntara,      mubihugu byinshi bicyiri munzira yamajyambere, imihanda yubakwaga mujyihe cyashize wasangaga ari imihanda igana kukibuga cy'indege cyangwase igana kucyambu ,ariko namihanda ihuza ibice by'igihugu bitandukanye.https://www.kigalitoday.com/ubukungu/iterambere/article/uko-iterambere-ry-imihanda-ryagize-uruhare-mu-izamuka-ry-ubukungu-bw-u-rwanda                                                                                             umuhanda wa kivu belt watangiye gukoreshwa kuwa gatandatu tariki 19 Mata 2019 , ukaba waroroheje ingendo.https://www.kigalitoday.com/ubukungu/iterambere/article/kivu-belt-ibaye-iya-mbere-mu-gukora-ingendo-rutsiro-kigali

### indanganturo
1.https://www.kigalitoday.com/ubukungu/iterambere/article/uko-iterambere-ry-imihanda-ryagize-uruhare-mu-izamuka-ry-ubukungu-bw-u-rwanda

2.https://www.kigalitoday.com/ubukungu/iterambere/article/kivu-belt-ibaye-iya-mbere-mu-gukora-ingendo-rutsiro-kigali
Umusozi wa Taita

**Umusozi wa Taita**, ni umusozi uherereye mu Ntara ya Taita-Taveta mu majyepfo y'uburasirazuba bwa Kenya . Imisozi igizwe n'ibice bitatu mu majyepfo yumujyi wa Kasigau mu majyepfo hafi y'umupaka wa Tanzaniya. Massif ya Dawida ninini kandi nindende ifite uburebure bwa  hejuru yinyanja kurwego rwo hejuru, Vuria. Dawida afite izindi mpinga eshatu zingenzi: Iyale, Wesu, na Susu. 

## Ubumenyi bwa geologiya
Umusozi wa Taita, umaze imyaka irenga miriyoni ijana. Ubu hashize imyaka miriyoni mirongo itatu, ako gace kari gatwikiriwe n'ishyamba rinini. Mugihe hashize imyaka miriyoni icumi, amashyamba yo mubutayu yahinduwe savanna, hasigara imisozi nk "ibirwa" aho amashyamba yo mu turere dushyuha yakomeje gutera imbere.  Umusozi wa Taita uzamuka cyane uva muri parike yigihugu ya Tsavo . 

## Ibidukikije
Imisozi izwiho amashyamba atose hamwe n’ibinyabuzima bidasanzwe n’ibimera. Amoko arenga 20 y’icyorezo cya violet yo muri Afurika aboneka muri ako karere gusa. Ubwoko bw'inyoni zizwi cyane ni Taita thrush na Taita apalis. Falita ya Taita hamwe n’imari ya Taita yavumbuwe bwa mbere ku misozi ariko ibera ahandi, na ho. Ampibian mu bwoko bwa *Boulengerula* iboneka gusa ku misozi ya Taita. 

Abaturage ba Taita kavukire batuye mumashyamba kandi bahinga ubutaka, butanga umusaruro mwinshi. Mirongo itanu  y’amashyamba kavukire yasimbuwe n’ibiti bidasanzwe hagati ya 1955 na 2004. Ku bibaya no mu misozi ikikije, ubutaka bukoreshwa cyane mu guhinga no kurisha. Ibice binini byamashyamba biherereye ahantu.hangijywe no gutema amashyamba. Aka gace karimo ibihe bibiri by'imvura: Werurwe kugeza Gicurasi cyangwa Kamena, na Ukwakira kugeza Ukuboza, ariko imvura irahinduka cyane

## Reba
Umusozi wa Udzungwa

**Umusozi ya Udzungwa** ni imisozi iri mu majyepfo ya Tanzaniya .N'umisozi ahanini uri mu karere ka Iringa, mu majyepfo y'umurwa mukuru wa Tanzaniya Dodoma . umisozi wa Udzungwa uri mu misozi y’iburasirazuba bwa Arc, kandi ukaba utuwe n’ibinyabuzima bitandukanye by’ibimera n’ibinyabuzima bifite amoko menshi y’ibyorezo .

ni umusozi utuweho n'abaturage, izina Udzungwa rikomoka ku ijambo rya Kihehe “Wadzungwa”, risobanura abantu batuye ku musozi. Iringa nigice kinini mumisozi, nicyicaro cyakarere.

imisozi ya Undzungwa ifite ubuso bwa kilometero 16,131.40, ifite. Impinga ndende cyane   . Umusozi ugera muri rusange uburaruko bushira ubuseruko  . Ikibaya cya Usangu kiri mu majyaruguru y'uburengerazuba, gitwarwa n'umugezi munini wa Ruaha n'inzuzi zawo. Umugezi munini wa Ruaha utandukanya imisozi ya Udzungwa n'umusozi wa Rubeho n'imisozi ya Uvidunda ugana mu majyaruguru y'uburasirazuba. Umugezi wa Kilombero uri mu majyepfo no mu majyepfo y'uburasirazuba. Mu majyepfo ashyira uburengerazuba icyuho cya Makambako gitandukanya imisozi ya Udzungwa na Kipengere .

## Ibimera n'ibinyabuzima
Ubu hashize imyaka miriyoni mirongo itatu, ako gace kari gatwikiriwe n’amashyamba manini. hashize imyaka miriyoni icumi, amashyamba yo mubutayu ahinduwe savanna, hasigara imisozi nk "ibirwa" aho amashyamba yo mu turere dushyuha yakomeje gutera imbere.  Udzungwa nindi misozi ya Arc yi burasirazuba ifite ibinyabuzima bitandukanye cyane bifite amoko menshi y’icyorezo (hejuru ya 25 ku ijana by’ibinyabuzima).  10 ku ijana muri bo barinzwe na parike y’igihugu cya Gisozi cya Udzungwa hamwe n’ishyamba ry’ibidukikije rya Udzungwa.

## Amashakiro
Uluguru

**Imisozi ya Uluguru** ni imisozi iri mu burasirazuba bwa Tanzaniya, yitiriwe ubwoko bwa Luguru . Igice kinini cyimisozi  ni umusozi unyura hafi y'amajyaruguru n'amajyepfo kandi ifite uburebure bwa    Kuruhande runini rwa Uluguru,rufite imidugudu 50 ikora kumupaka wamashyamba kandi abantu barenga 151.000 baboneka mumisozi, akenshi bakiyongera mubucucike k'umusozi muremure kugera kumupaka wamashyamba.

## Ubumenyi bw'isi
Ulugurus ifite ubutumburuke bwa 200&nbsp;km imbere y'inyanja yu Buhinde . Biri mu ruhererekane rw'imisozi yo mu burasirazuba bwa Afurika hamwe bita mu misozi ya Arc irimo imisozi ya Taita, imisozi ya Pare, imisozi ya Usambara, imisozi ya Nguru, Rubeho, Ukaguru, imisozi ya Udzungwa n'imisozi ya Mahenge .

Amashyamba yimisozi atanga ahantu ho gufata amazi kumigezi ninzuzi. Aya mazi atemba cyane cyane mu mpinga z’amashyamba ya Ulugurus mu migezi ihuza guhuza uruzi rwa Ruvu, rutanga amazi mu mujyi wa Dar es Salaam . Benshi mu baturage baturanye, bagera kuri miliyoni 3, n’inganda zikomeye muri Tanzaniya bashingira kuri aya mazi kugira ngo bakomeze kubaho. Gutakaza amashyamba  no kugabanuka kw’amazi yo gutanga amazi yimisozi rero bishobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye kumibereho yabantu nubushobozi bwinganda za Tanzaniya.

## Amashyakiro
Imisozi ya Usambara

**Imisozi ya Usambara** yo mu majyaruguru y'uburasirazuba bwa Tanzaniya muri Afurika yo mu turere dushyuha, igizwe n'imisozi y'iburasirazuba. ifite ubutumburuke bwa  ndende na kimwe cya kabiri cy'ubugari, kandi biherereye mu Karere ka Lushoto mu Karere ka Tanga .hakaba hashize hafi imyaka miriyoni ebyiri kandi bigizwe nubutare bwa metamorphic Precambrian . Bagabanijwemo ibice bibiri; Uburengerazuba bwa Usambaras burenze Uburasirazuba bwa Usambara, bwegereye inkombe kandi bugwa imvura nyinshi.

## Ubumenyi bw'isi
Usambaras ni  nubugari bwa  .  igice cyimisozi yuburasirazuba bwa Arc, kiva muri Kenya kinyura muri Tanzaniya. Ikirere ni kimwe mu  ku isi. Ahantu hirengeye ni impinga ya Chambolo kuri metero 2,289 hejuru yinyanja. 

## Ubumenyi bwa geologiya
Imisozi yavumbuwe hashize hafi miliyoni ebyiri. 

ishyamba ryimvura ryanyuze mugihe kirekire kandi ryihindagurika ridasanzwe bituma habaho endemism itangaje hamwe n’amashyamba yimvura ashaje. 

Uburengerazuba n’iburasirazuba Usambaras ni intera nini ya metamorphic metologique ya geologiya ya acide- gneisses, pyroxène, na amphiboles . [ 3 ] kuriyi misozi yashizweho uburyo bwo kuvoma imigezi igizwe n’amasoko menshi y’amazi,Igemurira umubare mwishi w'abaturage ba Tanzaniya   

## Amashakiro
Umusozi wa Mahale

**Imisozi ya Mahale** ni imisozi mu Karere ka Uvinza mu Karere ka Kigoma muri Tanzaniya . Imisozi iri ku nkombe y'iburasirazuba bw'ikiyaga cya Tanganyika n'umusozi ufute ubutumburuke bagera kuri  kugera k'umusozi Nkungwe, ahantu hirengeye Uvinza.

uyu musoziukaba ufite akandi gace ka pariki y' ubukerarugendo harimo inkintare ndetse nizindi nyamanswa zigiye zitandukanye zikurura abakerarugendo nk'intare n'izindi irishyamba kandi ni gakondo y'abaturage bo mubwoko bwa Holoholo, mbere yo kw'imurwa mu myaka ya za 70 kugirango hashyirwe parike y'igihugu y'imisozi ya Mahale 

## Amashakiro