open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
U Rwanda rwatorewe kuyobora ihuriro ry’Ibigo birengera Ibidukikije muri Afurika

Ihuriro ry’ibigo bishinzwe kurengera ibidukike muri Afurika (EPA) hamwe n’abayobozi muri urwo rwego, batoreye u Rwanda kuyobora ibikorwa by’iryo huriro muri Afurika.

Icyo gikorwa cyabereye mu nama y’iminsi ibiri yabereye i Kigali kuva ku ya 7-8 Werurwe 2023, ikaba yari yarateguwe n’ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ryita ku Bidukikije (UNEP Office for Africa), ku bufatanye n’Ikigo cy’Igihugu cyita ku Bidukikije (REMA).

U Rwanda rwatorewe umwanya wo kuyobora iryo huriro, Gabon itorerwa kungiriza u Rwanda, Zambia itorerwa umwanya w’Ubunyamabanga naho Niger itorerwa kuba muri biro y’ubuyobozi.

Muri iyo nama nyunguranabitekerezo kandi, abayobozi ba EPAs, ba Komiseri n’abayobozi mu nzego z’ibidukikije, bahawe urubuga rwo kuganira ku buryo bwo kunoza imikoranire.

Ibyo biri no mu cyemezo cy’inama isanzwe ya 18 ya za Minisiteri ivuga ku bidukikije muri Afurika (AMCEN), mu mwanzuro wa 18/1, wasabye ko hashyirwaho ihuriro ry’Abayobozi b’ibigo bishinzwe kurengera ibidukikije muri Afurika.

Umuyobozi mukuru wa REMA, Juliet Kabera yavuze ko u Rwanda rwishimiye imyanzuro yavuye muri iyo nama.

Yagize ati “Twishimiye ko ibiganiro bya EPA byagenze neza. Imyanzuro yafashwe izadufasha gufatanya gukemura ibibazo by’imihindagurikire y’ikirere, ikendera ry’urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima, guhumanya ikirere n’ikibazo cy’imyanda. Turashimira cyane abitabiriye ibiganiro bose na UNEP, kuba yarateguye iyi nama kandi ikagenda neza”.

 

Iryo huriro rifite intego yo guhanahana ubunararibonye hagati y’abarigize, kongera ubumenyi, gushaka abafatanyabikorwa no gukemura ibibazo biri mu mikorere. Ikindi ni uko mu myanzuro yavuye muri iyo nama, harimo gushishikariza za Guverinoma z’ibihugu binyamuryango, gushyigikira EPA, mu ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’imyanzuro yafashwe, haba mu karere no ku rwego mpuzamahanga.

## Amashakiro

https://www.kigalitoday.com/ibidukikije/ibungabunga/article/u-rwanda-rwatorewe-kuyobora-ihuriro-ry-ibigo-birengera-ibidukikije-muri-afurika
Ikiyaga cya Kyoga

**Ikiyaga cya Kayoga** ni ikiyaga kinini muri Uganda, hafi kirometero 1,720 mu gace ko ku butumburuke bwa metero 1.033.  Victoriya inyura mu kiyaga igana ku kiyaga cya Victoriya igana ku kiyaga cya Albert . Kwinjira mu kiyaga cya Victoriya bigengwa na sitasiyo ya Nalubaale i Jinja . Irindi soko ry'amazi ni akarere k'umusozi ya Eligoni kumupaka uhuza Uganda na Kenya . Mu gihe ikiyaga cya Kyoga kiri muri ruhererekane  y’ibiyaga bigari bya Afurika, ntabwo ubwacyo gifatwa nkikiyaga kinini.

Ikiyaga kigera ku burebure bwa metero 5.7, kandi ibyinshi muri byo ntibiri munsi ya metero 4. Uturere tutarengeje metero 3 zubujyakuzimu twuzuyeho indabyo zamazi, mugihe igice kinini cyinkombe zigishanga cyuzuyemo papirusi na  yamazi atera. Papirusi nayo ikora ibirwa bireremba bigenda hagati yizinga rito rihoraho. Ibishanga binini bigaburirwa na sisitemu igoye yinzuzi ninzuzi bikikije ibiyaga. Hafi y'Ikiyaga cya Kwania ni ikiyaga gito ariko cyimbitse.

## Ibinyabuzima n'uburobyi

Ingona muri Nili ni nyinshi, kimwe n’ibinyabuzima byo mu mazi. Hariho byibura amoko 60 yingona, hamwe nu mubare muto wandi moko y amafi nka saradine yi kiyaga cya Victoria. Byinshi muri cichilide  ni ibyorezo, ariko bifitanye isano rya bugufi nu bwoko bwikiyaga cya Victoriya,   kandi byerekana urwego rumwe rutandukanye mubijyanye no kugaburira.  Cichilide ya Kyoga irimo amoko yombi yasobanuwe.  Nko mu kiyaga cya Victoriya, cichilide ya Kyoga yarimbuwe na Nil yatangijwe kandi amoko amwe yarazimye. Kubera ko muri rusange Kyoga ari ntoya kandi ari igishanga, ibice bimwe -ibiyaga bya satelite - bitandukanijwe na dogere zitandukanye kuva ikiyaga kinini. Umubare wa haplochromine warokotse muri buri gice ufitanye isano itaziguye na status ya Nili. Nubwo ari nini cyane kugeza ubu, amoko atarenga 50 ya haplochromine abaho mu gice kinini aho Nili ikunze kugaragara. Ugereranije, ibiyaga bito cyane bya satelite Lemwa, Nyaguo na Nawampasa ntibibura Nili, ariko byibuze amoko 50 arokoka muri kimwe cya kabiri cyambere, byibuze 60 muri nyuma. Ku rundi ruhande, ibiyaga bito bya satelite Nakuwa na Nyasala aho Nili perch ari nyinshi bifite munsi ya 30 na 5 haplochromine ikomeza kubaho.   Ibi bivuze kandi ko uburobyi muri sisitemu yikiyaga cya Kyoga bwagiye buhinduka buhoro buhoro kuva aho bwibasiye amoko menshi kavukire, kugeza ubu byibasiye cyane cyane sardine yo mu kiyaga cya Victoriya kavukire, icyambu cya Nili cyamenyekanye kandi kimenyekanisha Nila tilapiya  (tilapiya ebyiri kavukire, Singida na Victoriya, babaye imbonekarimwe, usibye mu biyaga bimwe na bimwe).  Muri 2006, 4 ku ijana gusa byafashwe. 

## Reba
MINISITERI Y'IBIDUKIKIJE YIYEMEJE KONGERA UBUSO BUTEYEHO IMIGANO MU RWEGO RWO KURWANYA ISURI NO GUTEZA IMBERE IBIKORERWA MU RWANDA

Kuri uyu wa gatandatu tariki 16 Werurwe, abayobozi n’abakozi ba Minisiteri y’Ibidukikije n’ibigo biyishamikiyeho bahuriye mu gikorwa cyo gutera imigano ku nkengero za ruhurura nini irimo yagurwa iherereye mu Mujyi wa Kigali, ahazwi nko mu Kanogo.

Uyu muganda udasanzwe kandi witabiriwe na Minisitiri Ushinzwe Ibikorwa by’Ubutabazi, Madamu Marie Solange Kayisire, Umuyobozi w’Umujyi wa Kigali, Abakuru b’Ingabo na Polisi mu Mujyi wa Kigali n’abakozi b’Akarere ka Nyarugenge.

Uyu munsi hatewe imigano 1500 yo mu bwoko bwa *Bambusa textilis*  ikaba ari ubwoko bukura vuba kandi bubyara cyane bukanatanga umusaruro mwiza. Bikaba byakozwe mu rwego rwo  kurwaya isuri no kurinda inkengero za ruhura kugira ngo ibitaka bitazajya biyimanukiramo bigatuma iziba kandi inyuramo amazi bikaba byakomeza guteza  ibiza by’imyuzure. Iyi migano kandi ikazanakomeza guterwa hirya no hino mu gihugu, intego ikaba ari uko ubuso buteyeho imigano buzava kuri hegitari 523.5 bukagera kuri hegitari 3645.5.

Aganira n’abanyamakuru, Minisitiri w’Ibidukikije, Dr Jeanne d’Arc Mujawamariya yavuze ko Minisiteri y’Ibidukikije igiye kujya itegura umuganda nibura inshuro ebyiri mu kwezi kugira ngo ibikorwa byo kurwanya isuri byihute kandi n’ubuso bugomba guterwaho imigano bugerweho vuba.

Yagize ati “U Rwanda rufite intego yo kubungabunga ibishanga, ibiyaga, inzuzi, imigezi n’indi miyoboro inyuramo amazi cyane cyane hano mu Mujyi wa Kigali. Muri ibi bikorwa hazifashishwa imigano n’ibindi biti bifasha kurinda isuri no gufata ubutaka buri ku nkombe. Murumva ko tutategereza umuganda wa rimwe mu kwezi cyane ko muri iyi minsi impanuka zikomoka ku biza by’imvura ziyongereye cyane.”  

Yongeye agira ati “Uretse kubungabunga umutungo kamere w’amazi, ibidukikije n’urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima, byagaragaye ko imigano inafite akamaro mu guteza imbere ubukungu n’imibereho myiza y’abaturage. Harimo ishobora kuribwa indi igakorwamo ibikoresho binyuranye nk’imbaho, intebe, impapuro z’isuku n‘ibindi; ndetse biteganijwe ko vuba aha hazubaka uruganda rutunganya ibikomoka ku migano akazaba ari n’amahirwe yo guteza imbere ibikorerwa mu Rwanda.”

Umuganda w’uyu munsi wabaye mu gihe u Rwanda rushyira mu bikorwa gahunda yo kwirinda ikwirakwira ry’icyorezo cya Korona Virusi, ukaba witabiriwe n’abantu bake kugira ngo bishoboke kubahiriza intera nini hagati y’umuntu n’undi mu gihe bakora.

## Amashakiro
https://www.environment.gov.rw/news-detail/minisiteri-yibidukikije-yiyemeje-kongera-ubuso-buteyeho-imigano-mu-rwego-rwo-kurwanya-isuri-no-guteza-imbere-ibikorerwa-mu-rwanda
Ikiyaga cya Mutanda

**Ikiyaga cya Mutanda** ni ikiyaga gito cy'amazi meza kibarizwa muri  Uganda .

## Aho biherereye
Ikiyaga giherereye mu Karere ka Kisoro mu majyepfo ashyira uburengerazuba bwa Uganda, hafi kilometero 20 mu majyaruguru yu mujyi wa Kisoro, niho icyicaro cya karere giherereye.  Aha hantu ni kirometero 454, kumuhanda, mu majyepfo ashyira uburengerazuba bwa Kampala, umurwa mukuru wa Uganda n'umujyi. 

## Incamake

Yubatswe mu misozi y’imisozi ya Virunga, ku butumburuke bwa metero 1,800. Ibirunga bitatu biri mu ntera, biri mu gice cya Uganda, aribyo: Umusozi Muhabura, umusozi wa Sabinyo n'umusozi wa Gahinga, ushobora kubibona ku kiyaga cya Mutanda. Muri icyo kiyaga hari ibirwa byinshi. Ikiyaga kiva mu ruzi rwa Rutshuru, rutemba rugana mu majyaruguru kugera ku kiyaga cya Edward .

## Ibimera n'ibinyabuzima
Ibidukikije ku birwa biri mu kiyaga no mu cyaro gikikije birimo amashyamba yo ku biyaga hamwe n’ahantu h'igishanga gitanga ubuhungiro bw’ingagi zo mu misozi ziri mu kaga.

Usibye ingagi zo mu misozi n’inguge ya zahabu muri parike y’igihugu ya Mgahinga Gorilla, ibidukikije byo ku biyaga byakira amoko atandukanye y’inyamaswa n’ibimera, yihariye kariya gace. Ubwoko bwinyoni zirimo inyoni za kingfisher, kite, ibis hamwe ninyoni yigihugu ya Uganda. Ibyari by'inyoni ziboha ni ahantu hasanzwe mu rubingo ku nkombe z'ikiyaga.

Usibye amoko menshi y’inyoni kandi atandukanye, inkombe yikiyaga ishyigikira amoko menshi yinzoka, chameleone, gukurikirana ibisimba nubwoko bwibikeri . Hariho ibintu bitandukanye kandi byinshi byubuzima bwudukoko. Inyamaswa z’inyamabere ziboneka mu kiyaga cya Mutanda zirimo otter yo muri Afurika idafite clawless .imvubu nayo yari muri kariya gace, ariko iheruka kuboneka ku kiyaga cya Mutanda mu 1994. 

## Reba kandi

## Ihuza ryo hanze
Ikiyaga cya Nabugabo

**Ikiyaga cya Nabugabo** ni ikiyaga gito gifite amazi meza mu gihugu cya Uganda .

## Aho biherereye
Ikiyaga kiri mu Karere ka Masaka, mu karere ko hagati ya Uganda, gari kirometero  23 kumuhanda, iburasirazuba bwu mujyi wa Masaka . 

## Incamake

Ikiyaga cya Nabugabo n'ikiyaga cya satelite cy'ikiyaga cya Victoria, gifite kilometero 4 kure yinkombe zayo.

Aka gace katoranijwe nka site ya Ramusari kubera akamaro kayo kubantu ninyamaswa. 

Umubare munini w’abaturage no kwishingikiriza ku buhinzi butunzwe n’ibihingwa bigaragarira mu kwishingikiriza cyane kw’abaturanyi ku bidukikije by’ikiyaga. Imikorere mibi y’ubuhinzi igira ingaruka ku bwiza bw’amazi no ku musaruro w’ibiribwa. 

## Amateka
Ikiyaga cya Nabugabo cyakozwe biturutse ku musenyi uturuka ku muyaga mwinshi. Iki kiyaga gitandukanijwe n'ikiyaga cya Victoria n'umusenyi . Isesengura rya 2.7 metres (8.9 ft . 

## Ibimera n'ibinyabuzima
Ubwoko bwi bimera hafi 300 bwaranditswe. Agace kafashwe karimo ibimera bibiri by’indabyo byanduye bitabonetse ahandi, kandi amoko cumi nine muri Uganda azwi muri kariya gace gusa. Ikintu kigaragara cyane mubimera bidasanzwe bya Nabugabo nubusumbane bwi biti byi nyamanswa .     

Urusobe rwibinyabuzima rugizwe nu bwoko butandukanye bwi miryango yi nyamanswa. Imvubu na sitatunga iraboneka. Mu nyoni, ifi ni misambiyambitswe ikamba .  Ikiyaga cya Nabugabo ni ikintu cyingenzi cyo guhagarara hejuru yubwoko butandukanye bwinyoni zimuka .

### Amafi

## Reba

## Ihuza ryo hanze
Ikiyaga cya Opeta

**Ikiyaga cya Opeta** ni ikiyaga gifite ahantu nini hi bishanga muri Uganda.

Igishanga giherereye mu majyepfo y’inyamanswa ya Piani Upe kandi kikaba ubuhungiro bwi gihe cy’ibinyabuzima byombi biva muri parike ndetse n’inka zo mu rugo rw’abaturage ba Karamajongo na Pokoti . 

## Hydrology
Ikiyaga cya Opeta kigaburirwa cyane n’imvura ku musozi wa Elgoni hanyuma ikinjira mu kiyaga cya Kyoga unyuze ku kiyaga cya Bisina . Ikikijwe nigishanga kinini ni nzuzi. 

## Kubungabunga
Ikiyaga cya Opeta ni kamwe mu turere 33 tw’ingenzi tw’inyoni kandi kuva mu 2006 igishanga cyanditswe na Ramusari gifite akamaro mpuzamahanga. 

Ikigo cy’ibinyabuzima n’ubukerarugendo bushingiye ku bidukikije cyatewe inkunga n’ikigo cy’ibidukikije ku isi gikorera ikiyaga. 

### Inyoni
Ababoshyi ba Foxi, ubwoko bw’inyoni bw’icyorezo cya Uganda, buzwiho kuba mu gishanga,  kimwe n’inkweto zugarijwe n’isi ku isi, hafi ya papirusi gonoleki yugarijwe n’andi moko 160. 

## Reba
Umugezi wa Narus

Uruzi rwa Narus ni uruzi runyura mu majyaruguru ashyira uburengerazuba binyuze mu gice cy'amajyepfo ya Pariki y'Igihugu ya Kidepo, mu majyaruguru ya Uganda, rugahurira n'uruzi runini rwa Kidepo hafi ya Komoloyichi, nko ku birometero 13 nyuma yo kwinjira muri leta ya Equatoriya y'iburasirazuba ya Sudani y'Amajyepfo. Umugezi wa Narus ushobora kwerekeza kuri:

* Umugezi wa Narus, Kapoeta, unyura cyane mu ntara ya Kapoeta y'Iburasirazuba muri Sudani y'Amajyepfo.
* Umugezi wa Narus, Uganda, unyura cyane muri Parike ya Kidepo mu majyaruguru ya Uganda.

## Amashakiro
Umugezi wa Achwa

**Umugezi wa Achwa** ni uruzi rubarizwa muri Uganda mu burasirazuba bwa Afurika ,  mu majyaruguru yo hagati mu gihugu, ikuraho igice kinini cyo mu majyaruguru ya Uganda no mu misozi miremire yo mu majyaruguru y'uburasirazuba, mbere yo kwambuka umupaka muri Sudani y'Amajyepfo aho ihurira na Nili yera . Muri Sudani y'Amajyepfo izwi ku izina rya **Aswa** .

Reba
Uruzi rwa Pager

**Umugezi wa Pageri** ni uruzi rubarizwa muri  Uganda mu burasirazuba bwa Afurika . Itemba igana mu majyaruguru y'igihugu kandi ihuza uruzi rwa Achwa .

## Amashakiro
Uruzi rwa Ora

**Umugezi wa Ora** ni uruzi rubarizwa mu burengerazuba bwa Nile, Amajyaruguru ya Uganda . Ni uruzi rubarizwa mu biyaga bya Albert ya Nili . Iherereye mu majyaruguru y'uburengerazuba bwa Uganda.

## Reba
Umugezi wa Nyagak

**Nyagak** ni uruzi rubarizwa mu burengerazuba bwa Nile, Amajyaruguru ya Uganda .

## Aho biherereye
Umugezi wa **Nyagak** unyura mu Karere ka Zombo no mu Karere ka Aruwa . Ni uruzi rwuruzi rwa Ora, ruhuza iburasirazuba bwumujyi wa Okollo .

## Amashanyarazi
Amajyambere menshi y’amashanyarazi aherereye ku ruzi rwa Nyagak:

## Reba
* Sitasiyo ya Nyagak
* Nyagak II
* Sitasiyo ya Nyagak III

## Amashakiro
Uruzi Kafu

**Umugezi wa Kafu** ni uruzi ruri muri Uganda, muri Afurika y'Iburasirazuba . Ku ikarita imwe ya kera, uruzi rwanditseho Uruzi Kabi.

## Aho biherereye
Umugezi wa Kafu uherereye mu burengerazuba bwa Uganda . Bitangirira mu gishanga hafi kirometero 12, mu majyaruguru yu burasirazuba bwu mudugudu wa Kitoma, mu Karere ka Kibaale, Uburengerazuba bwa Uganda . Itemba iburasirazuba ubanza, hanyuma ihindukirira amajyaruguru, kugirango isigare muri Nili ya Victoriya, hafi kilometero 8, hejuru yumujyi wa Masindi Poriti, mu Karere ka Masindi, no muburengerazuba bwa Uganda.

Inkomoko yumugezi Kafu iherereye hafi ya Kitoma, mu butumburuke bwa metero 1.1500 n'uburebure bwa metero 31.0820.  Umugezi Kafu winjira muri Nili ya Victoriya hafi yi cyambu cya Masindi.  Mu nzira yacyo iburasirazuba, mu majyaruguru y'uburasirazuba no mu majyaruguru, uruzi runyura cyangwa rugakora imipaka y'uturere dukurikira : Akarere ka Kibaale, Akarere ka Hoima, Akarere ka Kyankwanzi, Akarere ka Nakaseke, Akarere ka Nakasongola n'akarere ka Masindi .

## Incamake
Igishanga, kiva mu ruzi Kafu, nacyo kinyuzwa mu rundi ruzi rwitwa Uruzi Nkusi . Umugezi Nkusi ariko, uva ahandi ukanyura mu gishanga cyavuzwe hanyuma ugatembera mu burengerazuba ugana ubusa mu kiyaga cya Albert, ku mupaka mpuzamahanga uhuza Uganda na Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo . Inkomoko yacyo, Uruzi Kafu ni ubutumburuke bwa metero 1,100. Aho yinjirira mu ruzi rwa Nili, ubutumburuke bugera kuri metero 1,040.

Uburebure bw'Uruzi Kafu ni hafi metero 180, kuva isoko kugeza ku iherezo. 

## Ihuza ryo hanze

## Reba
Umugezi wa Kidepo

**Umugezi wa Kidepo** ni uruzi rurerure rukikije ni kibaya cya Kidepo mu karere ka Karamoja muri Uganda, no mu gace ka Equatoriya y'Uburasirazuba bwa Sudani y'Amajyepfo .

## Reba kandi
Inzuzi zigihe cya Uganda zirimo uruzi rwa Agago, uruzi rwa Lumansi, n'umugezi wa Kidepo

* Urutonde rw'inzuzi za Uganda
* Urutonde rwinzuzi za Sudani yepfo
Ikiyaga cya Wamala

**Ikiyaga cya Wamala** ni ikiyaga cyigira amazi meza muri Uganda .  Igishanga  kirimo amoko y’inyoni n’inyamaswa harimo na sitatunga.  Ikiyaga gifite akamaro gakondo n’umuco ku baturage ba Buganda muri Uganda rwagati. 

## Aho biherereye
Ikiyaga gisangiwe nu turere twa Mubende, Mitiyana, na Gomba mu karere ka Buganda muri Uganda. Intera y'umuhanda hagati ya Mitiyana na Kalayankoko, Kimuli, Akarere ka Mitiyana, ku nkombe y'iburasirazuba bw'ikiyaga cya Wamala ni 17 kilometres (11 mi) . 

## Incamake
Ikiyaga cya Wamala gifite ubuso bungana na 250 kilometero 97.  Ifite akadomo n'ibirwa byinshi, birimo ikirwa cya Luwanju, ikirwa cya Mabo, n'ikirwa cya Bagwe, Kiraza, Kazinga. Inzuzi nyinshi zitemba mu kiyaga, harimo uruzi Nyanzi, uruzi Kitenga, uruzi Kaabasuma, uruzi Mpamujugu, n'umugezi wa Bibimbye. Ikiyaga kivomwa n’umugezi wa Kibimba mu ruzi rwa Katonga, nacyo kigahinduka ikiyaga cya Victoriya . Umugezi wa Kibimba, ariko, ni ibihe byigihe kinini kandi umwanya munini inzira yacyo ikomeza kuba yumye. Ikiyaga cya Wamala gifite inyungu mu bukungu n’umuco mu karere kandi kiyobowe n’uturere twa Mubende, Mityana, na Mpigi, buri gice kikaba kigabana igice cy’ikiyaga ku mipaka rusange. 

## Amateka
Ubu hashize imyaka irenga 4000 ikiyaga cya Wamala cyari mu kiyaga cya Victoria, ariko kuva icyo gihe cyasubiye inyuma. Umugani umwe utemewe n'amategeko utekereza ko ikiyaga cya Wamala gikomoka ku Mwami Wamala, umwami wa nyuma w’ingoma ya Bachwezi kandi ko Umwami Wamala yazimiye mu kiyaga ahantu hafi y’umudugudu w’uburobyi wa Lubajja witwa Nakyegalika kandi umwuka we uba mu kiyaga. 

## Ibimera n'ibinyabuzima
Ibimera bikikije ikiyaga cya Wamala byiganjemo papirusi, andi magorofa, n’ibimera bishingiye ku mazi. Hariho n'ibiti nka Raphia n'indi mikindo . Ubwoko butandukanye bwinyamanswa nka sitatunga, ingurube zo mu gasozi, imvubu, igihuru, amazi y’amazi, inkende ya vervet, babone, inyoni zo muri gineya, na turaco ziba hafi yikiyaga. Ubwoko bw'amafi buriho burimo tilapiya, injangwe, n'ibihaha . 

## Uburyo bwo kuroba
Mu myaka ya za 1960 no mu ntangiriro ya za 70, ikiyaga cya Wamala cyari isoko y’amafi mashya kandi yanyweye yagurishijwe mu karere ndetse no mu mijyi minini ya Buganda. Kubera imicungire mibi hamwe n’uburobyi butagengwa n’ubucuruzi ku kiyaga, amafi yabuze mu myaka ya za 70 rwagati.  Imihindagurikire y’ibihe nayo yarushijeho kuba mibi y’ikiyaga, byangiza abarobyi baho nimiryango yabo. 

## Reba kandi

## Reba
Umugezi wa Lugogo

**Umugezi wa Lugogo** ni uruzi rwa Uganda mu burasirazuba bwa Afurika . Iherereye hagati mu gihugu cya Uganda kandi itemba yerekeza mu majyepfo y'iburasirazuba uva ku ruzi rwa Kabi .
Umugezi wa Mayanja

**Umugezi wa Mayanja** ni uruzi ruri muri Uganda, Afurika y'Iburasirazuba .

## Aho biherereye
Umugezi wa Mayanja uherereye muri Uganda rwagati . Itangirira ku misozi, mu majyaruguru y'uburasirazuba bw'umujyi wa Wakiso, mu Karere ka Wakiso, Hagati ya Uganda kandi ikanyura mu cyerekezo cyo mu majyaruguru y'uburengerazuba igana mu ruzi Kafu, Akarere ka Nakaseke ku mupaka wacyo n'akarere ka Masindi n'akarere ka Kankwanzi .

Inkomoko y'Uruzi Mayanja iherereye i Wakiso. Umugezi wa Mayanja winjira mu ruzi Kafu hafi y'umudugudu wa Ndede, mu Karere ka Nakaseke.

## Amasomo

Mu nzira yacyo yerekeza mu majyaruguru y'uburengerazuba, uruzi runyura cyangwa rugakora imipaka y'uturere dukurikira: Akarere ka Wakiso, Akarere ka Mpigi, Akarere ka Kiboga, Akarere ka Kyankwanzi n'akarere ka Nakaseke. Uburebure bw'Uruzi Mayanja, ni hafi 150 kilometres (93 mi) kuva isoko kugera kumpera. 

## Ihuza ryo hanze

## Reba
Amacumbi y’abimukira

Ni inyubako biteganyijwe ko zizatwara miliyari 60 Frw aho hagiye kubakwa inzu 528 zikazuzura mu gihe cy’amezi atandatu, i Gahanga mu karere ka Kicukiro.

## Ibyo wamenya kumacumbi
Umushinga wo kubaka ariya mazu agomba kuzakira bariya bantu, ukaba ari umushinga munini uzajya kuri hegitari hafi 12.Ugiye gutangirira ku mazu 528 azajya kuri hegitari 5.7, icyiciro cya mbere kikaba kigomba gukorwa mu gihe kitarenze amezi atandatu.umushinga uzaba ukomatanyijemo ibikorwa remezo bitandukanye bikazagira uruhare mu iterambere ry’abazahatuzwa.Usibye amazu harimo n’ibindi bikorwa, harimo imihanda, amashanyarazi, hazaba hari amazi, amashuri y’abana, ibibuga byo gukina, za Gym (siporo ngororamubiri), ahantu ho guhahira, ku buryo ari ahantu umuntu azajya aba ari ikintu cyose yakenera akakibona hafi ye. Imashini zirahari, ubu akazi kagiye gutangira.Ibihugu byombi byasinyanye amasezerano yemerera Ubwongereza kohereza abimukira n’abashaka ubuhungiro binjiye muri iki gihugu mu buryo bunyuranyije amategeko nubwo kuri ubu atarashyirwa mu bikorwa.Ni ukureba ubushobozi bafite bwo kwakira aba bantu, akaba ari umushinga munini uzajya kuri hegitare hafi 12 ariko bagiye gutangirira ku nzu 528 zizajya kuri hegitare zirenze zirindwi.Kugeza ubu ni umushinga ufite agaciro kagera kuri miliyari 60 Frw cyane ko uzaba ari umushinga munini uzatuma abazabamo babaho neza.Biteganyijwe ko izo nzu zizubakwa zizaba zifite uburyo bwo kubungabunga ibidukikije nk’intego u Rwanda rwihaye mu cyerekezo cyo kurengera ibidukikije.

## Ibindi wamenya kubimukira
Aba bimukira mugihe bagombaga kugera mu Rwanda, bagombaga guhabwa ubushobozi bubafasha kuba bakwitunga, bajya mu mashuri ku buryo babona ubumenyi bubafasha kwitunga no gutanga umusanzu ku iterambere ry’igihugu.Ubwongereza bumaze igihe bufite umubare munini w’abimukira binjira mu gihugu mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko. Umwaka ushize, abimukira ibihumbi 45 binjiye mu Ubwongereza bifashishije ubwato buto.Guverinoma y’Ubwongereza ivuga ko ikoresha asaga miliyari 2,4$ mu kubacumbikira.Bavuga ko batazashyirwa mu mudugudu wabo bihariye ahubwo bazatuzwa hamwe n’abandi Banyarwanda.Iyi gahunda Igihugu cy’Ubwongereza cyashyizemo amafaranga azabafasha kwakira abo bantu bakabaha aho gutura, kandi n’Abanyarwanda bakaboneraho bagaturana na bo. Ntabwo bazabashyira mu mudugudu wabo wihariye, bazajya baba bari kumwe n’Abanyarwanda nk’uko basanzwe babikora buri mwaka, amafaranga amwe azajya muri iyo gahunda.Minisiteri y’Ibikorwa Remezo ivuga ko umushinga wose ari munini ku buryo uzajya kuri hegitari 12, ukazaba ugizwe n’amazu 1500 azubakwa mu buryo butangiza ibidukikije, ukazarangira utwaye amafaranga y’u Rwanda Miliyari 60.

## Amashakiro
Kwirinde indwara zo mu kanwa n’iz’amenyo

Kugira ngo umuntu yirinde uburwayi bw’amenyo ndetse n’indwara ziterwa no kugira isuku nke yo mu kanwa, buri muntu wese asabwa koza amenyo byibura inshuro 3 ku munsi.

## Ibyo wamenya
Koga mu kanwa bituma udukoko (bacteria) twagumyemo tudateza kunuka mu kanwa, bya biryo na byo ntibikomeze kwihoma ku menyo.Inyigo yakozwe na RBC mu mwaka 2018 ku bantu 2097 bagiye kwa muganga kwivuza indwara zo mu kanwa, 2/3 muri bo bari bafite amenyo yatobotse cyangwa yamanyutse bitewe no kutoga mu kanwa.Ni byizi kugira isuku yo mu kanwa, umuntu akoza amenyo buri gihe cyose amaze kurya, kandi akabikora inshuro 2 ku munsi hagati y’iminoa 5 n’icumi.koza amenyo ningenzi cyane, birinda umuntu kuba yarwara izindi ndwara azitewe no kutoza amenyo, kuko umwanda uragenda ukihoma ku menyo kandi haba harimo za mikorobe.Izo mikorobe ziramanuka zikagera mu nda ku mutima, mu mitsi yewe bishoroba gutuma ku mugore utwite inda ivamo.koza mu kanwa birinda guteza uburwayi bw’ishinya n’amenyo bituruka ku dukoko dukomoka ku byo yariye duhagama mu menyo no mu ishinya, amenyo agacukuka, ndetse n’ishinya cyangwa ibice biyegereye bikabyimba.

## Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe

Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe na RBC mu mwaka wa 2021 bwerekanye ko 92% by’Abanyarwanda bisuzumishije amenyo muri uwo mwaka babitewe n’uko bababaraga cyane, mu gihe abangana na 1% aribo bisuzumishije bagamije kureba uko bahagaze.Ubu bushakashatsi kandi bwerekanye ko Abanyarwanda bagera kuri 67%, boza amenyo rimwe ku munsi mu gihe abayoza kabiri ari 19% gusa.Minisitiri w’Ubuzima, yatangaje ko abarwayi bajya kwivuza ku bigo nderabuzima no ku bitaro by’uturere, abagera kuri 40% bivuza indwara ziterwa n’umwanda wo mu kanwa.Ati “Abarwayi bagera kuri 85%, abagera kuri 40% muri bo bafite ikibazo cy’indwara zo mu kanwa (oral diseases).Bavuga ko kutoza amenyo bitera indwara nyinshi zirimo izo mu kanwa, ndetse no kurwara amenyo ubwayo.bavuga kandi ko byoroshye cyane kurwanya izi ndwara zikaranduka burundu, kuko buri wese yitabiriye kugira isuku byamufasha kuzirinda.

## Amashakiro
Umugezi wa Sezibwa

**Umugezi wa Sezibwa** ni uruzi rubarizwa muri Uganda hagati, ruherereye muri Afurika y'Iburasirazuba . Izina ryakomotse ku nteruro ya Luganda , bisobanurwa ngo inzira yanjye ntishobora guhagarikwa.

## Aho biherereye
Umugezi Sezibwa uherereye mu majyepfo ya Uganda . Bitangirira mu gishanga kiri hagati yi kiyaga cya Victoriya n’i kiyaga cya Kyoga, mu burengerazuba bwa Nili ya Victoriya kandi gitemba mu cyerekezo rusange cy’amajyaruguru kigana ubusa mu kiyaga cya Kyoga. Inkomoko y'Uruzi Sezibwa iherereye mu Karere ka Buwikwe, hafi y'umujyi wa Ngogwe. Umugezi Sezibwa winjira mu kiyaga cya Kyoga mu Karere ka Kayunga, hafi yumujyi wa Galilaya.  Hagati y’isoko ryayo mu Karere ka Buikwe, ariko mbere yuko yinjira mu Karere ka Kayunga, uruzi rutemba ruva mu Karere ka Mukono .

## Umugani
Dukurikije imigani, umugezi wa sezibwa ntabwo ari ibintu bisanzwe, ahubwo ni urubyaro rw'umugore utwite witwa Nakangu, wabayeho mu binyejana byinshi bishize akaba yari mu muryango wa Achibe (impfizi). byari byitezwe ko azabyara impanga, ariko ahubwo icyasutse mu nda ye ni uruzi rwimpanga, rumwe rugabanyijemo imigezi ibiri itandukanye ikikije ikirwa ako kanya munsi yisumo. Imyuka y'abana ba Nakangu bataravuka - Ssezibwa na Mobeya - buri wese atuye muri imwe muri iyo migezi, kubera iyo mpamvu yari isanzwe imenyerewe ko Muganda uwo ari we wese anyura isoko y'uruzi ahitwa Namukono, nko mu birometero 20 ugana iburasirazuba, akajugunya ibyatsi cyangwa amabuye mu ntoki. uruzi kubwamahirwe. No muri iki gihe, igitambo cyo gushimira igitambaro, inzoga  gitangwa ku isoko y'uruzi buri mwaka, ubusanzwe kiyobowe na salongo. 

## Sezibwa
Isumo rya Sezibwa ni kilometero 32, iburasirazuba bwa Kampala, umurwa mukuru wa Uganda, hafi y'umuhanda wa Kampala-Jinja . Ikibanza ni Umurage wa Buganda . Irangwa nuburebure bwamabuye atyaye kandi nijwi ryiza ryamazi atuje atemba yamabuye manini. Isumo riherereye mu Karere ka Mukono .

Dukurikije imigani gakondo, inzuzi zombi zitwa Sezibwa na murumuna wa Bwanda, zavutse ku mugore ubwo yari yagiye i Kavuma Bukunja. Uyu mugore, Nakkungu Tebatuusa, umugabo we witwaga Nsubuga Sebwaato, yibarutse impanga mu buryo bw'amazi, aho Sezibwa yatembye mu burengerazuba, anyura mu nzitizi nyinshi kandi akomora izina, mu gihe u Bwanda bwatembaga iburasirazuba, bwerekeza Nyenga . Abantu benshi baza ahantu kubitangaza kuko bizera ko urubuga rufite imbaraga zidasanzwe.

Kugwa ni metero  7 zu buremure. Kuzamuka urutare no kureba inyoni nibikorwa byingenzi kurubuga. Abahanga mu bumenyi bwa geologiya n'abandi bahanga nabo bakunze kurubuga. Inyamanswa zo mu ishyamba rikikije zirimo inkende zo mu gihuru, inkende zitukura zitukura hamwe nizindi nyamaswa n’inyoni . 

## Reba kandi

## Reba

## Ihuza ryo hanze
Umugezi wa Oko

**Umugezi wa Oko** ni uruzi rwa ba Guyana, uruzi rw'umugezi wa Wenamu ni igice cyo hagati- Mazaruni . 

Ubucukuzi bwa mabuye ya gaciro ni igikorwa gikomeye mu bukungu muri ako karere kandi hari ibikorwa mpuzamahanga biciriritse muri ako karere.  Gucukura mu buryo butemewe n'amategeko no gutema neza bijyanye n'ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro bitera kwangiza akarere ka Oko. 

Mu 1999, amagufwa ya megatherium, ahantu hahanamye cyane, yavumbuwe n'abacukuzi bakikije Omai na Oko Creek, uruzi rwa Cuyuni.  Icyitegererezo cya megatherium cyarakozwe kandi gishyirwa mu nzu ndangamurage ya Guyana . 

Hariho kandi gutura ku izina rya Oko. 

## Reba kandi

* Urutonde rw'inzuzi za Guyana

## Reba
Umuyoboro wa Kazinga

**Umuyoboro wa Kazinga** muri Uganda ni ubugari, ufite kilometero 32  ni umuyoboro muremure uhuza ikiyaga cya Edward n'ikiyaga cya George, hamwe ni bintu byi ganjemo parike y'umwamikazi Elizabeth . Uyu muyoboro ukurura inyamaswa n’inyoni zitandukanye, hamwe nimwe mu isi yibanda cyane ku mvubu n’ingona nyinshi za Nili .

Ikiyaga cya George ni ikiyaga gito gifite uburebure bwa metero 2.4 kandi igaburirwa ni nzuzi ziva mumisozi ya Rwenzori . Gusohoka kwayo kunyura kumuyoboro wa Kazinga utemba mu kiyaga cya Edward, amazi arahinduka gake cyane.

Mu 2005, imvubu nyinshi ziciwe muri uwo muyoboro biturutse ku cyorezo, kibaho iyo inyamaswa zirya ibisigazwa by’ibimera mu mezi yumye, zikurura za bagiteri zishobora kubaho imyaka mirongo mu butaka bwumutse.

Umuyoboro uvugwa nk'akarere gakunzwe cyane mu bukerarugendo bwo mu gasozi . 

## Ihuza ryo hanze

* Anthrax Yishe Imvubu 18 muri Parike ya Uganda
* Kuyobora - Umuyoboro wa Kazinga Amafoto namakuru.
* 

## Reba
Umugezi wa Katonga

**Umugezi wa Katonga** ni umugezi ubarizwa muri Uganda, muri Afurika y'Iburasirazuba .

## Ahantu n'ibisobanuro

Umugezi wa Katonga uherereye mu majyepfo y'uburengerazuba bwa Uganda . Umuyoboro wacyo urakomeje hagati yi kiyaga cya Victoriya n’i kiyaga cya George, byerekana ko yigeze kuva mu kiyaga cya Victoriya kugera mu kiyaga cya George mu burebure bwacyo bwose. Ibintu bizamura uturere hagati yibiyaga byombi bifitanye isano nuburengerazuba bwiburengerazuba bwa sisitemu yo mu burasirazuba bwa Afurika ikora, byatumye akarere k’ibishanga mu majyepfo y’iburengerazuba bw’ikiyaga cya Wamala gihinduka ikibaya gishya cy’uruzi rwa Katonga, ubu kikaba ahanini gitemba. iburasirazuba mu kiyaga cya Victoria, cyongerewe n'inzuzi nyinshi mu nzira yacyo, kandi ku ntera irenga kilometero 120 uvuye ku kiyaga cya Victoriya. Mu gihe cyizuba, amazi yazamuye hafi y’amazi y’igishanga azajya rimwe na rimwe ahatira amazi gutembera mu burengerazuba kuva aho yerekeza mu gice cy’iburengerazuba cy’umugezi wa Katonga ugaburira ikiyaga cya George, ariko igice kinini cy’imigezi kiracyakomeza mu burasirazuba kugera mu kiyaga cya Victoriya. . Iburengerazuba bw'amazi yacyo, uruzi rwa Katonga narwo rugaburirwa ninzuzi nyinshi zerekeza ku kiyaga cya George. 

## Ihuza ryo hanze

* Inyamanswa ya Katonga
* Umugezi wa Katonga
* Inzuzi n'ibiyaga bya Uganda

* Ikiyaga cya Edward

## Reba
Umugezi wa Lwajjali

**Umugezi Lwajjali** ni uruzi ruherereye muri Uganda, muri Afurika y'Iburasirazuba .

## Aho biherereye
Umugezi wa Lwajjali uherereye muri Uganda hagati. Bitangirira mu gishanga, mu burengerazuba bwu mudugudu wa **Kisweera**, mu Karere ka Mukono, mu karere ko hagati ya Uganda . Itemba yerekeza mu majyaruguru y'uburengerazuba bwa mbere, hanyuma yerekeza mu majyaruguru hanyuma mu majyaruguru y'uburasirazuba kugira ngo yinjire mu ruzi Sezibwa mu Karere ka Kayunga ku mupaka na karere ka Luweero, mu burasirazuba bw'umudugudu wa **Kiziba** .   Uruzi Lwajjali rwi suka mu ruzi rwa Sezibwa mu bishanga byo mu majyaruguru ya Kayunga, mu Karere ka Kayunga. 

## Amasomo

Umugezi uturuka aho uturuka, uruzi rutemba rugana mu majyaruguru yu burengerazuba rukambuka umuhanda wa Gayaza na Kayunga ahitwa Nakasajja, aho rugira umupaka uhuza Akarere ka Wakiso mu burengerazuba n'akarere ka Mukono mu burasirazuba. Uruzi noneho rugenda ruhinduka buhoro buhoro rutemba rugana mu majyaruguru. Ikomeje kugarukira ku isaha, ubu ikora umupaka uhuza Akarere ka Kayunga mu burasirazuba na karere ka Luweero mu burengerazuba.  Mu bishanga byo mu majyaruguru ya Kayunga, hafi kilometero 25, mu majyaruguru yumujyi, Lwajjali yisuka mu ruzi rwa Sezibwa, rukomeza ruguru rugana mu kiyaga cya Kyoga .

Inkomoko yabyo, ubutumburuke bugera kuri metero 1,200. Aho yinjirira mu ruzi Sezibwa, ubutumburuke bugera kuri metero 1,150. Uburebure bw'Uruzi Lwajjali, ni hafi kilometero 65 kuva isoko kugera kumpera. 

## Reba kandi

## Reba

## Ihuza ryo hanze
Kamsar

**Kamsar** n'umujyi w'icyambu muri Gineya, Afurika y'Iburengerazuba. Ni na perefegitura ya Gineya . Iherereye ku nkombe z'umugezi wa Nunez .

Icyambu cya Kamsar gikora igice kinini cyumusaruro wa bauxite ( ubwoko bw'amabuye butanga aluminiumu) kwisi. Amato ahamagara Icyambu  Kamsar akajya yerekeza kumurongo wa Sosiyete ya Gineya Bauxite yo gupakira bauxite igarukira kuburebure muri rusange (LOA) 229m. Uburebure bwubwato bwatumaga bugaragara mubyiciro bishya byumye bitwara - Kamsar nyinshi. 

## Ubwikorezi
ifite intego yinzira yo gutanga boxite 

Umugi ugaburira ikibuga cy'indege cya Kawass .

## Ikirere
Kamsar ifite ikirere gishyuha gishyuha (Am) gifite imvura nkeya kugeza imvura kuva Ukuboza kugeza Mata kandi imvura nyinshi cyane kuva muri Kamena kugeza Ukwakira hamwe n’imvura igereranije muri Gicurasi na Ugushyingo.

## Ibitaro

* IIbitaro l ANAIM
* Ikigo Nderabuzima cya  Kassapô

----

## Ahantu ho gusengera

* Umusigiti CBG
* Urusengero Mutagatifu Jean Baptiste
* Umusigiti Bagataye
* Umusigiti Bas-Fond
* Umusigiti Siminoune

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## Reba kandi

* Ubwikorezi muri Gineya
* Gariyamoshi muri Gineya

## Ihuza ryo hanze

* Ikarita ya Gariyamoshi (umurongo wijimye)

## Reba
Umugezi wa Kagera

**Umugezi wa Kagera**, uzwi kandi ku izina rya **Akagera**, ni uruzi rwa Afurika y'Iburasirazuba, rukaba rugize amasoko yo kuri Nili kandi rutwara amazi ava mu masoko ya kure.   rufite uburebure bwa kirometero 597 uhereye ku nkomoko yayo iherereye mu kiyaga cya Rweru mu Rwanda.

Igice cy'umugezi witwa Kagera gitangirira mu Burundi, utemba uva mu kiyaga cya Rweru . utemba iburasirazuba ugana ku Rwanda u Burundi nu Rwanda na Tanzaniya kugera mu ma sangano yu mugezi wa Ruvubu . Amazi ya Kagera atangwa n’imigezi ibiri minini, Nyabarongo yo mu Rwanda, igaburira ikiyaga cya Rweru, na Ruvubu yo mu Burundi. Ntibizwi muri izi nzuzi zombi zigaburira ni ndende bityo rero isoko nyamukuru ya Nili. Kuva aho ihurira, Kagera itembera mu majyaruguru ku mupaka w’u Rwanda na Tanzaniya, hejuru y’isumo rya Rusumo no muri Parike y’Akagera . Ihita ifata iburasirazuba, ikurikira umupaka wa Tanzaniya na Uganda hanyuma ikisuka mu kiyaga cya Victoria muri Uganda. Mu 1898, yavumbuye inkomoko ya Kagera. 

Uruzi rwagaragaye cyane mu mateka y'ibihugu runyuramo, u Rwanda. Mu 1894, Umudage Adolufi voni yambutse Kagera ku isoko ya Rusumo, ibyo bikaba byaranze igihe cy'abakoloni b'u Rwanda cyatangiye ku mugaragaro mu 1899. Kandi mu 1916, mu Ntambara ya Mbere y'Isi Yose, Ababiligi batsinze Abadage, binjira mu Rwanda mu nzira imwe. Uruzi rwamenyekanye cyane mu 1994 kubera gutwara imirambo yavuye muri jenoside yo mu Rwanda mu kiyaga cya Victoria, bituma hamenyekana ko ibintu byihutirwa mu turere twa Uganda, aho iyi mibiri yaje gukaraba.

## Ubumenyi bw'isi
Kagera yazamutse mu Burundi yinjira mu kiyaga cya Victoria. Nicyo kinini kinini cyinjira mu kiyaga, gitanga hafi metero kibe 6.4 z'amazi ku mwaka (hafi 28 ku ijana by'ikiyaga gisohoka ).  Kagera ikorwa n’isangano rya Ruvuvu na Nyabarongo, hafi y’amajyaruguru y’ikiyaga cya Tanganyika .  Igizwe n'ibice by'Uburundi Tanzaniya, u RwandaTanzaniya, u Burundi  u Rwanda, na TanzaniyaUganda . Yitiriye izina rya Parike y'igihugu ya Akagera mu majyaruguru y'u Rwanda, ndetse no mu karere ka Kagera muri Tanzaniya. Ku ruzi hari Isumo rya Rusumo, ahantu h'ingenzi kwambukiranya u Rwanda na Tanzaniya. Ni hafi y'umujyi wa Rusumo .

## Amafi
Ikibaya cy'umugezi wa Kagera gikungahaye ku mafi. muri 2001  , hari byibuze amoko 55 azwi mu gice cyu Rwanda wenyine kandi umubare nyawo urashobora kuba mwinshi.  Byongeye kandi, hari byibuze amoko 15 atavuzwe  yanduye kuri bimwe mu biyaga byo mu gice cyo hejuru cyi kibaya cyu ruzi.  Kubera amasoko menshi, ibice bitandukanye byikibaya cyumugezi wa Kagera biratandukanijwe neza, bigatuma kugenda na mafi hagati yabo bigoye cyangwa bidashoboka.  

## Jenoside
Mu gihe cya jenoside yo mu Rwanda yo mu 1994, Kagera yakoreshwaga mu guta imirambo mu gihe ibihumbi bya batutsi na bayobozi ba politiki ba bahutu biciwe ku nkombe z'umugezi.  Uruzi rwazanye imirambo yiciwe mu kiyaga cya Victoriya, biteza ikibazo gikomeye ku buzima muri Uganda. 

## Reba kandi

* Umugezi wa Ruvuvu - Uruzi rwiburyo rwuruzi
* Umugezi wa Nyabarongo - Ibumoso bw'umugezi

## Reba

### Inyandiko




### Inkomoko
Umugezi wa Nkusi

**Umugezi wa Nkusi** uri mu gace ka Bunyoro, mu Burengerazuba bwa Uganda .

## Aho biherereye
Ni umugezi wa Nkusi utangirira ku misozi iburengerazuba bw'umujyi wa Kakumiro mu Karere ka Kakumiro . Itemba yerekeza mu majyaruguru y'uburengerazuba kugira ngo yinjire mu gishanga hafi y'umudugudu wa Kitoma, mu Karere ka Kibaale . Uruzi ruva muri iki gishanga rutemba rugana iburengerazuba rugana ubusa mu kiyaga cya Albert ku mupaka na Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo .

Mu gishanga hafi ya Kitoma, umugezi wa Nkusi uhuza gato n'umugezi wa Kafu . Umugezi wa Kafu ariko, usohoka mu gishanga werekeza mu majyaruguru y'uburasirazuba kandi amaherezo ugasohokera muri Nili ya Victoria, hafi y'umujyi wa Port Masindi mu Karere ka Masindi .

isoko yu mugezi wa Nkusi .  . .  .

Uburebure bw'umugezi bugera 160 kilometres (99 mi) . 

## Ihuza ryo hanze

* Inzuzi n'ibiyaga bya Uganda

## Reba kandi

* Parike ya Kibale

## Reba
Umugezi wa Muzizi

**Umugezi Muzizi** ni uruzi rubarizwa muri Uganda, muri Afurika y'Iburasirazuba . Itandukanya Ubwami bubiri bwa Banyakitara bwa Amakama ga Bunyoro Kitara na Tooro .

## Aho biherereye
Uruzi Muzizi ruherereye mu burengerazuba bwa Uganda . Bitangirira ku misozi, mu majyaruguru y'uburengerazuba bw'umujyi wa Mubende mu Karere ka Mubende, Hagati ya Uganda . Itemba yerekeza mu majyaruguru y'uburengerazuba kugira ngo isibe mu kigobe cya Muziizi mu kiyaga cya Albert kizwi ku izina rya Mwitanzige, hafi y'umupaka uhuza Uganda na Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo .

Inkomoko y'Uruzi Muzizi iherereye i Mubende.  Uruzi Muzizi rwinjira mu kiyaga cya Albert ahitwa Ndaiga, mu Karere ka Kagadi.  kilometero nkeya gusa muburasirazuba bwu mujyi wa Kanara mu mujyi uturanye wa Ntoroko. Mu nzira yacyo yerekeza mu majyaruguru yu burengerazuba, uruzi runyura cyangwa rugakora imipaka y'uturere dukurikira: Akarere ka Mubende, Akarere ka Kyegegwa, Akarere ka Kibaale, Akarere ka Kyenjojo, Akarere ka Kabarole, Akarere ka Kagadi n'akarere ka Ntoroko . Inkomoko yabyo, ubutumburuke bugera kuri metero 1,300. Aho yinjirira mu kiyaga cya Albert, ubutumburuke bwa metero 620.

Uburebure bw'Uruzi Muzizi ni metero 120 kuva ku isoko kugeza kumunwa. 

## Amashanyarazi kuri Muzizi

Hafi kilometero 10, mbere yuko uruzi Muzizi rwisuka mu kiyaga cya Albert, rushobora kuva mu butumburuke bwa metero  1,000, hejuru yi nyanja kugera ku butumburuke bwa metero 700 hejuru yi nyanja ya Muziizi  izina ryaho ryi gice. Kuri uru rubuga, Guverinoma ya Uganda, irateganya kubaka sitasiyo y’amashanyarazi ifite amashanyarazi yimbaraga ya  26, izwi ku izina rya Muzizi . Biteganijwe ko imirimo yo kubaka izatangira mu 2013, biteganijwe ko izatangira gukoreshwa muri 2018.

## Ihuza ryo hanze

* Inzuzi n'ibiyaga bya Uganda

## Reba kandi

* Ikiyaga cya Albert
* Mubende
* Ndaiga
* Muzizi

## Reba
Umugezi wa Lamia

**Umugezi wa Lamia** ni uruzi ruherereye mu burengerazuba bw'igihugu cya  Uganda mu Karere ka Bundibugyo . Itemba igana hafi ya Parike y'igihugu ya Semuliki .  

## Reba
Umugezi w'Ishasha

Ishasha ni uruzi rwo mu majyepfo y'uburengerazuba bwa Uganda, rukaba rugize umupaka na Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo . Iva mu isoko yayo ya ruguru ya Kabale kugera ku munwa ku kiyaga cya Edward .   Uburebure bwacyo hafi kilometero  100.

## Ibisobanuro
Uruzi ruva mu miyoboro y'amazi mu murima wa  kilometero 20 z'amajyaruguru yu burengerazuba bwa Kabale. Iranyura mu majyaruguru y'uburengerazuba unyuze mu mibande y'imisozi kugera ku bwinjiriro bwayo mu majyaruguru ya parike . Kuva aho, ikomeza mu majyaruguru y'uburengerazuba munsi y’ishyamba riremereye kugera ku rugomero rwa Kanungu, igice cy’amashanyarazi ya Kanungu, kizwi kandi ku izina rya Ishasha.

Uvuye kuri sitasiyo y’amashanyarazi, uzenguruka mu majyaruguru y’iburengerazuba unyuze ku misozi miremire kugeza igihe winjiye ugahinduka igice cy’umupaka wa Uganda na Demokarasi ya Kongo . Nyuma yo guhindukira mu majyaruguru, irakomeza inyura mu mujyi wa Ishasha muri congo mu majyepfo ya Parike y’umwamikazi Elizabethi. Igumye kumupaka wiburengerazuba  kugeza yinjiye mu bishanga ku nkombe yi kiyaga cya Edward.

## Aho biherereye

## Reba kandi

* Urutonde rw'inzuzi za Uganda
* Urutonde rwinzuzi za Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo

## Reba
Umugezi wa Turkwel

**Umugezi wa Turkwel**     ni uruzi rutemba ruva ku musozi wa Elgoni ku mu paka wa Kenya na Uganda kugera ku kiyaga cya Turikana . Uruzi rwitwa umugezi wa Suwamu kuva aho ruva rugana ku mupaka mu ntara ya Turkana ya Kenya. Izina Turukweli rikomoka ku izina rya Turikana ryerekeye uruzi, bisobanura uruzi rwihanganira ubutayu. Turkweli itangirira ahantu habi cyane ho musozi wa Elgoni no ku misozi ya Cherangani, hanyuma ikanyura mu kibaya cya Turkana y'Amajyepfo, ikambuka ubutayu bwa Loturerei hafi ya Lodwar ikisuka mu kiyaga kinini kinini cyo mu butayu ku kiyaga cya Turkana .  Uruzi rutemba rutandukana ibihe, kandi rushobora kwibasirwa nu mwuzure mugihe cyimvura. 

Urugomero rwa Turkwel rutavugwaho rumwe rwubatswe na guverinoma ya Kenya kuva 1986 kugeza 1991 babifashijwemo n'Ubufaransa. Umugambi wari uwo gukoresha amazi ya Turkwel. Umushinga wagombaga kubanza kugura kuri miliyali  4, ariko yarangije gutwara amafaranga arenze miliyali 20. Urugomero rwu zuyemo igice cya Turkwel  maze rugira ikigega cya Turkwel. 

## Reba
Urutonde rw'inzuzi za Uganda

Uru **ni urutonde rugufi  rwi nzuzi muri Uganda** .  Uru rutonde rutunganijwe n’i bibaya bya mazi, hamwe ni nzuzi zerekanwe munsi yi zina rya buri mugezi munini.

## Inyanja ya Mediterane

* *Nili*
** Nili Yera (Bahr al Jabal) (Albert Nile)
*** Umugezi wa Kidepo
**** Umugezi wa Narus
*** Umugezi wa Achwa
**** Uruzi rwa Pager
*** Uruzi rwa Ora
**** Umugezi wa Nyagak
*** Victoria Nile
**** Umugezi wa Kafu (Umugezi wa Kabi) - nawo uhuza uruzi rwa Nkusi
***** Umugezi wa Lugogo
***** Umugezi wa Mayanja
**** Ikiyaga cya Kyoga
***** Umugezi wa Sezibwa
****** Umugezi wa Lwajjali
**** Ikiyaga cya Bisina
***** Umugezi wa Okok
**** Ikiyaga cya Victoria
***** Umugezi wa Katonga - uhuza kandi ikiyaga cya Edward, ikiyaga cya George n'umugezi wa Semliki unyuze ku muyoboro wa Kazinga
***** Mpaga River
***** Umugezi wa Dura
***** Umugezi wa Kagera
*** Ikiyaga cya Albert
**** Umugezi wa Nkusi
**** Muzizi
**** Umugezi wa Semliki
***** Umugezi wa Lamia
***** Ikiyaga cya Edward n'ikiyaga cya George
****** Ishasha River
* *Umugezi wa Turkwel (Kenya)*
** Umugezi wa Suam

## Reba
U Rwanda nicyo gihugu cya mbere cya Africa cyahawe inkunga ya miliyoni $319 y’urwego rushya rwa FMI

Inama y’ubutegetsi y’ikigega mpuzamahanga cy’imari ku isi (FMI/IMF) kuwa mbere yemeje inkunga ya miliyoni US$319 igamije kurwanya ihindagurika ry’ikirere no kwitegura ibyorezo. 

Iyi nkunga izatangwa biciye mu rwego rushya rwa FMI rwitwa Resilience and Sustainability Facility (RSF) yasabwe n’u Rwanda, nk’uko byatangajwe na FMI, ni iya mbere RSF ihaye igihugu cya Africa. 

FMI ivuga ko nyuma y’uwo mwanzuro Mr. Bo Li wungirije umukuru wayo yatangaje ko u Rwanda ruhawe iyo nkunga mu “gushima umuhate w’icyo gihugu mu kurwanya ihindagurika ry’ikirere”. 

Ibihugu bikennye byakomeje kunenga ibikize kudatanga inkunga byiyemeje mu kurwanya ihindagurika ry’ikirere ryugarije umubumbe w’isi.

FMI ivuga ko izagenzura imikoreshereze y’iyo nkunga yemerewe u Rwanda biciye muri RSF, urwego rwashinzwe muri uyu mwaka.  

FMI ivuga kandi ko iyo nkunga izafasha leta kunoza imishinga igamije kurengera ibidukikije no guteza imbere ibikorwa by’inyungu bikomoka ku mishinga yo kurengera ibidukikije, muri iki gihe ivuga ko u Rwanda rwugarijwe n’ikibazo cy’izamuka ry’ibiciro no guhungabana kw’ifaranga ryarwo imbere y’idorari.  

Politiki y’u Rwanda mu kurengera ibidukikije yagiye ishimwa ku rwego mpuzamahanga. Mu 2008 leta yemeje itegeko ribuza ikoreshwa ry’amashashi mu gihugu, kimwe mu byangiza urusobe rw’ibidukikije, nyuma inashyira imbaraga mu kurengera ibishanga mu gihugu. 

Ishyirwa mu bikorwa rya politiki yo kurengera ibidukikije ariko rinengwa na bamwe gukorwa mu buryo bubangamira abaturage hamwe na hamwe, nk’ibikorwa byo kwimura abatuye batuye ‘mu manegeka’ hamwe bivugwa ko byakoranywe urugomo ahandi mu nyungu z’abashoramari. 

Muri iki gihe, isi yugarijwe n'ingaruka zikomeye zo gushyuha kw'isi kubera ibikorwa bya muntu byo kohereza imyuka ihumanya ikirere.

Ibihugu bikize nibyo byohereza ikigero kinini cy'imyuka ihumanya ariko ingaruka zikomeye, nk'amapfa akabije n'ihinduka ry'ibihe by'imvura, zibasiye ibihugu bikennye. 

Inzobere ziburira ko ibintu bishobora kumera nabi mu gihe nta gikozwe, naho leta z'ibihugu bikennye ziri ku gitutu cyo guhangana n'ingaruka z'ihindagurika ry'ikirere.

## Amashakiro

https://www.bbc.com/gahuza/articles/crg2vn680d8o
Isi yemeje umushinga w'u Rwanda na Peru uganisha ku itegeko ryo guca plastic ku isi

**Minisitiri w'ibidukikije mu Rwanda** avuga ko igihugu cye na Peru "byishimye birenze" nyuma y'uko umushinga byateguye ugamije guca ikora n'ikoreshwa rya 'plastic' ku isi utowe nk'umwanzuro w'inama rusange ya ONU y'ibidukikije.

Uyu mwanzuro wemejwe kuwa gatatu n'iyo nama yabereye i Nairobi, ukuriye ishami rya ONU ry'ibidukikije yawise "ubwumvikane bukomeye cyane ku isi nyuma y'amasezerano ya Paris ya 2015".

Umwanzuro wemejwe urategura ishyirwaho - bitarenze 2024 - ry'amasezerano yahinduka itegeko ku bihugu by'isi ryo guca ihumanya riterwa na 'plastique'.

* Inzira yoroshe yo kwumva ihindagurika ry'ibihe 
* Ni iki u Rwanda ruri gufasha isi ku rugamba?
* Igihugu kiri kwitegura ko gishobora kuzimira

U Rwanda, Peru, n'Ubuyapani byateguye binashyira imbere uyu mushinga ngo utorwe muri iyo nama, ugamije kurwanya ihumana ry'ikirere, kurengera ibidukikije n'ibinyabuzima byangizwa n'imyanda ya plastic.

Minisitiri Jeanne d'Arc Mujawamariya yabwiye BBC ati: "Isi ikwiye kwita ku ihumanya rya plastique kuko ni ikibazo cy'isi, si ikibazo cy'igihugu, cyangwa cy'u Rwanda gusa.

"Plastic ntabwo ibora, kandi imyanda yayo iriyongera buri munota, buri munsi mu mazi y'isi, mu migezi, no mu nyanja."

Nyuma yo kwemeza uriya mwanzuro i Nairobi, Inger Andersen ukuriye ishami rya ONU rishinzwe ibidukikije yagize ati: "Uyu ni umunsi w'intsinzi y'isi ku ikoreshwa rya plastique" 

## Ubucuruzi bukomeye bw'uburozi
Ikorwa ry'ibintu bikozwe muri plastic ryariyongereye cyane mu myaka 20 ishize, ubu bigeze kuri toni zisaga 400 zikorwa buri mwaka, umubare byitezwe ko wakwikuba kabiri mu 2040.

Ibi birimo ubucuruzi bubarirwa agaciro ka miliyari US$522, nk'uko ishami rya UN ry'ibidukikije ribivuga.

Ariko toni zigera kuri 11 z'imyanda ya plastique zisuka mu nyanja z'isi, amoko 800 y'ibinyabuzima byo mu mazi no ku nkengero bizahazwa n'iyo myanda cyangwa ibindi byago iteza.

Umujyi wa Nairobi ubwawo wemerejwemo ariya masezerano, uri mu yugarijwe n'iyangirika ry'ubutaka n'ihumana riva ku myanda ya 'plastique' kurusha iyindi ku isi. 

U Rwanda rwo ni intangarugero ku isi, mu 2008 rwashyizeho itegeko rica ikoreshwa ry'amashashi ya plastique, mu 2019 rwemeza itegeko rica ibikoresho bya plastic bikoreshwa rimwe.

Mujawamariya ati: "Ibyo bikoresho bya plastic nk'amacupa, imiheha, amasahani, ibikombe…ibyo byose ni ibintu by'amateka mu Rwanda."

## Guca plastique bizemezwa nk'itegeko ku isi?
ONU ivuga ko uyu mwanzuro ubaye itegeko byagabanya plastic ijya mu nyanja ku rugero rwa 80% mu 2040, kandi byagabanyaho 25% by'imyuka ihumanya ikirere yoherezwa .

Inama y'i Nairobi yashyizeho itsinda - Intergovernmental Negotiating Committee(INC) - ritangira gutegura uko uyu mwanzuro wazaba amasezerano y'itegeko mpuzamahanga bitarenze 2024.

Mujawamariya ati: "Turabyizeye [ko rizabaho]… Tuzashyira hamwe umuhate n'ingufu kugira ngo uyu mwanzuro ube amasezerano y'itegeko kuko twese dufite inshingano zo guhagarika ihumanya rya plastic".

## Amashakiro
https://www.bbc.com/gahuza/amakuru-60614559
Ikiyaga Tanganyika kirageramiwe ku bijanye n'ibidukikije

Mu Burundi, ikiyaga Tanganyika kiri mu vya mbere binini kw'isi kandi gitunze abantu benshi, kirageramiwe mu buryo butandukanye. 

Ikigega mpuzamakungu c'ibidukikije, Global Nature Fund, cagenye Tanganyika nk'ikiyaga ca mbere kigeramiwe muri uyu mwaka w'2017. 

Mu bihugu bine bisangiye ikiyaga Tanganyika harimwo Uburundi, umurwa mukuru waco Bujumbura uri ku nkengera zaco. 

Imicafu yo mu ngo n'amahinguriro vyisuka mu kiyaga biri mu bikigeramiye cane.

Ikigo kijejwe isuku mu gisagara ca Bujumbura SETEMU kivuga ko kimaze igihe kidafise uburyo bwo kubanza gusobanura iyo micafu no kuyungurura amazi mabi imbere y'uko yisuka mu kiyaga Tanganyinka.

Ku gituro ca Buterere co kuyungurura amazi y'imicafu, niho amazi yose mabi ava mu ngo no mu mahinguriro yategerezwa guca imbere yuko yisuka mu kiyaga Tanganyika.

Ariko amapompo yo kuduza bene ayo mazi yo mu mahinguriro ari ku nkengera z'ikiyaga Tanganyika kugira ashike ku Buterere, amaze igihe yarapfuye. 

Umukuru wa SETEMU, Sadiki CIZA, avuga ko ubu amafaranga yo kuyagura yabonetse. 

Amashirahamwe aharanira kurwanira ibidukije avuga ko ikiyaga Tanganyika gitunze abantu barenga umuliyoni na cane cane abarovyi, abacuruza n'abafungura amafi arobwa murico.

Tharcisse Ndayizeye wo mu runani rw'amashirahamwe aharanira ibidukikije OBEA, avuga ko umwimbu w'amafi wagabanutse gushika ku 25% hagati ya 1995 na 2011. 

N'amazi anyobwa mu gisagara menshi ava mu kiyaga Tanganyika. 

Mu bushikiranganji bujejwe ibidukikije, baremera ko ikiyaga Tanganyika kigeramiwe. Bamaze iminsi bakoresha amanama abajejwe intwaro n'abafise uruhara mu kurungika imicafu mu kiyaga Tanganyika. 

Jeanne Francine Nkuznimana ajejwe igisata c'isuku n'ukugenzura ubwiza bw'amazi, avuga ko bashaka ko umwe umwe wese mu bimuraba, yokora ibikingira ikiyaga Tanganyika.

## amashakiro

https://www.bbc.com/gahuza/amakuru-40354222