Rolls royce

Rolls royce ni uruganda rukora imodoka rwo mugihugu cy'ubwongereza (England), rukaba ruzwiho gukora imodoka nziza kandi zigezweho, zijyanye n'iterambere.

Rolls royce izwiho kuba ikora imodoka zitari iza siporo (non-sports cars) zifashwa mu bikorwa bigiye bitandukanye nko mubirori, mubukwe ndetse nibindi bikorwa bigiye bitandukanye.

## UKO ROLLS ROYCE YATANGIJWE

### Iminsi ya Mbere ya Henry Royce (Mbere ya Rolls-Royce)

* **Henry Royce** yari umwengezi w’imashini, yize ku giti cye kandi akora mu nganda z’amashanyarazi. Muri **1904**, yakoze imodoka ye ya mbere, **Royce 10**, yari ifite ubuziranenge buhanitse. Iyi modoka yatunguranye abantu benshi kubera imikorere yayo n’ubuhanga mu gukora moteri yayo, ndetse yayoboye Royce gutangira kumenyekana.
* Royce yizaga ku gukora ibicuruzwa bitari byiza gusa, ahubwo ku gukora ibikoresho **byiza kurusha byose**. Yari afite ubuhanga bwo kwita ku buryo bwose bwose mu gukora buri kintu kirebana n’imodoka.

### 2. Guhura kwa Charles Rolls na Henry Royce

* **Charles Rolls**, umucuruzi w’imodoka n’umukunzi w’ubwubatsi bw’indege, yagize amahirwe yo kubona imodoka za Royce mu 1904. Rolls yishimiye cyane izi modoka kandi yiyemeje kuzicuruza mu iduka rye. Yatekereje ko imodoka za Royce zishobora kugurishwa nk’imodoka **nziza kurusha izindi**.
* Mu **1906**, bombi **bashyizeho isosiyete** yitwa **Rolls-Royce Limited**, bashyira hamwe ubuhanga bwa Royce mu gukora imashini hamwe n’ubushobozi bwa Rolls bwo gukora ubucuruzi.

### 3. Isosiyete ya Rolls-Royce Iremezwa (1906)

* Isosiyete yashinzwe mu **1906** mu **mujyi wa Derby, mu Bwongereza**. Royce yakomeje gukora no kunoza imodoka ze, mu gihe Rolls yari ashinzwe kugurisha no kwamamaza. Bakoranye gukora **Rolls-Royce 40/50 Silver Ghost**, imodoka yabaye iy’ibyago kubera imikorere yayo no kuba yari nziza cyane.
* **Silver Ghost** yabaye **ihamya ikomeye** kubera ko yari ifite umutekano, ubuziranenge, n’imikorere myiza. Abantu batunguwe cyane n’uko yari ifite ubwiza, imikorere yoroshye, n’ubushobozi bwo kugenda neza. Yahise iba izwi nka **"imodoka nziza kurusha izindi ku isi."**

### 4. Gukora Moteri z’Indege

* Nyuma y’intsinzi y’imodoka, Rolls-Royce yagiye muri **gukora moteri z’indege** mu gihe cy’**Intambara ya Mbere y’Isi**. Batangiye gukora **moteri z’indege** zirimo **moteri ya Eagle** y’ingabo. Ubuhanga bwa Royce mu gukora imashini bwaje no kubafasha mu gukora moteri zizewe kandi zifite imbaraga zo gutwara indege.
* Mu myaka ya 1920, Rolls-Royce yaje kumenyekana muri **inganda z’indege**, aho batangiye gukora moteri z’indege zo mu bwoko bwa **bizenerewe** n’**indege z’intambara**. Iyi nyungu yatumye sosiyete itera imbere cyane, kandi ikomeza gukomeza kuba **umuyobozi** mu nganda z’imodoka no mu nganda z’indege.

### 5. Guhanga Ibishya no Gukura

* Rolls-Royce yakomeje guhanga udushya, ikora **imodoka nshya** ndetse no gukora **imashini z’indege** zigezweho. Bagize ibihe byiza byo gukora **ibikoresho** byiza mu by’imodoka no mu by’indege. Bakoze impinduka nyinshi mu **ikoranabuhanga ry’imashini**, bagamije kuzamura imikorere, kugabanya ibicanwa no gukora ibikoresho byizewe.
* Mu gihe cyose, Rolls-Royce yabaye izina rizwi cyane mu gukora **imodoka zigezweho** ndetse na **moteri z’indege** zikoreshwa mu **ndege za rubanda**, **indege z’intambara**, ndetse no mu **ndege z’abakire**. Bimwe mu byo bakoze byamamaye harimo **Trent engines**, ukoreshwa n’indege nk’**Airbus A350** na **Boeing 787**.

### 6. Ibibazo n’Ihinduka

* Nubwo Rolls-Royce yabonye intsinzi mu bihe bya mbere, yagize ibibazo by’imari mu gihe cya **Depression (Icyorezo cy'Ubukungu)**. Muri **1971**, leta y'u Bwongereza yafashe isosiyete mu maboko yayo kugira ngo irinde kuyishora mu bibazo by’imari.
* Rolls-Royce yabonye impinduka mu buyobozi, ariko mu myaka ya 1980, yasubijwe ku isoko nk’isosiyete yigenga. Kuri ubu, Rolls-Royce ni izina rikomeye cyane mu rwego rw’**imodoka zigezweho** (ikigo **Rolls-Royce Motor Cars**, kiri mu maboko ya **BMW**) no mu **nganda z’indege** (ikigo **Rolls-Royce plc**).

### 7. Umurage

* Rolls-Royce yashyize imbere ubuziranenge n’imikorere myiza mu **nganda z’imodoka** ndetse no mu **by’inganda z’indege**, bigatuma iba izina rikomeye ku isi yose. Umurage wa Rolls-Royce ukomoka ku **kwita ku bisobanuro byose**, **ubuhanga mu gukora imashini**, no ku **gushyira imbere ibikorwa byo guhanga ibikoresho byiza** kandi **byizewe**.

**Rolls-Royce yakozwe** kubera **ubuhanga bwa Henry Royce mu by’imashini**, **ubushobozi bwa Charles Rolls mu bucuruzi**, n’impamvu zabo zo gukora ibicuruzwa **byiza kurusha ibindi byose**—biba mu modoka cyangwa mu moteri z’indege