Uko Intambara yambere y’isi yakuye abakoroni babadage mu rwanda

Tariki ya 11 Ugushyingo 1918, imyaka irenga 100 irashize Isi yose yibasiwe n’intambara yahitanye abantu muri rusange barenga miliyoni 16. Iyi ntambara yageze no mu Rwanda.

Iyi ntambara yatangijwe n’u Budage na bimwe mu bihugu by’inshuti zabo ku isonga byarimo Autriche- Hongrie. Imbarutso yabaye urupfu rw’igikomangoma cya Autriche cyitwaga Franz-Ferdinand cyishwe n’umunyeshuri w’Umunya- Yugoslavia (Serbia) Gavrilo Prinzip, tariki ya 28 Kamena 1914, bituma ibihugu byombi n’ibibishyigikiye bitangiza intambara.

Nubwo iyi ntambara ya mbere y’Isi yabereye ku mugabane w’u Burayi, yaje gukwirakwira no mu bindi bihugu byari byarakolonijwe n’Abanyaburayi bituma no mu Rwanda ihagera. Gusa yahamaze imyaka ibiri kuko yarangiye mu 1916 nyuma y’uko Abadage birukanwe mu gihugu n’Ababiligi.

U Budage nk’igihugu cyatangije intambara ya mbere y’Isi, nyuma yo gutsindwa mu 1918, cyafatiwe ibihano bikomeye birimo no kwamburwa uduce cyari cyarakoroneje turimo n’u Rwanda.Kuva mu 1885 kugeza mu 1919, u Rwanda rwari mu bukoloni bw’Abadage. Nyuma rwaje guhabwa u Bubiligi kuva mu 1919 kugeza mu 1962 ubwo rwabonaga ubwigenge.

Mu 1914 ubwo hadukaga intambara ya mbere y’Isi yose, Abadage mu Rwanda bashyigikiwe n’uwami Musinga hamwe n’ingabo ze zoherejwe ku rugamba zitwaga “Indugaruga”. Abaturage bo, uruhare rwabo rwabaye urwo kwikorera imitwaro no gutanga ibiribwa.

Gusa mu 1916 (Kamena), Abadage bari bayobowe na Kapiteni Wintgens bakuyemo akabo karenge bahunga Ababiligi babarushaga ubwinshi, bari banunganiwe n’Abongereza ku rugamba.

Mu masezerano yabereye ahitwa Versailles mu Bufaransa, u Budage bwahanishijwe kugabanya ingabo, gusana ibyangijwe n’ibindi.

Muri aya masezerano kandi u Budage bwategetswe gutanga uduce bwari bukoloneje ku bihugu nk’u Bufaransa, u Bubiligi, Czechoslavakia, Denmark, Pologne n’ibindi.

U Budage bwategetswe no kugabanya ingabo zabwo zikagera ku basirikare ibihumbi 100, guca burundu ubwato bw’intambara no guhagarika burundu ingabo zirwanira mu kirere, bunategekwa ko Abadage bagize uruhare mu Ntambara y’isi bagombaga kugezwa imbere y’ubutabera.

**Uko Intambara y’Isi yagenze mu Rwanda**

Ababiligi nk’igihugu cyari gikoloneje Congo cyiyunze n’Abongereza bari muri Tanzania, Uganda na Kenya ngo barwanye Abadage babaga guhera ku kiyaga cya Tanganyika i Bujumbura kugera mu Majyaruguru, mu Burengerazuba bw’u Rwanda, Kigali n’agace k’Umutara.

Imbarutso y’intambara muri aka Karere yabaye nyuma y’aho intumwa y’Abadage yaturutse i Bujumbura ijya kubaza Ababiligi muri Uvira (Congo), icyo batekereza ku masezerano y’i Berlin mu Budage ababuza kujya mu bikorwa by’intambara.

Iyo ntumwa yageze Uvira ubu ni muri (Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo) ibwirwa ko igisubizo cya nyuma kuri icyo kibazo kizaturuka i Leopoldville [Kinshasa]. Gusa muri iyo minsi yo gutegereza igisubizo, Ababiligi bamushyize ahantu bamushyiraho abarinzi ku buryo byafashwe nko gufungwa.

Isubiye i Bujumbura yavuze ibyayibayeho, Abadage babifata nk’intangiriro y’intambara, ntibita ku masezerano biyemeza gutera Ababiligi muri Congo.

Ku rundi ruhande, hari abavuga ko Abadage bari basanganywe umugambi wo gutera Ababiligi n’Abongereza bagihuze, kuko bumvaga ko bari hagati y’abanzi babiri bagomba kubanza kwikiza.

Abadage bo mu Rwanda bari bayobowe na Captain Wintgens wari warasigariyeho Kandt, nabo bahereyeho batera Ababiligi kugira ngo bigarurire Kivu yose.

Bifashishije ubwato bwabo bwari i Musaho (Kibuye), bafata ikirwa cy’Idjwi ndetse barazamuka batera Goma barahatwika birukana Ababiligi, barangije bashinga ibirindiro byabo ku Gisenyi.

Mu 1915, Ababiligi bakomeje kugerageza gutera mu Rwanda no mu Burundi, ariko Abadage bari i Bujumbura, Cyangugu cyane cyane ku Gisenyi bababera ibamba.

**Intambara ku musozi wa Rubavu**

Iyo uhagaze ku musozi wa Rubavu uri mu bilometero bibiri uvuye mu mujyi wa Gisenyi, uba ureba uwo mujyi na Goma munsi yawe, kuko ni umusozi umeze neza mu bijyanye na gisirikare.

Abadage bakimara kuvumbura umugambi wa Colonel Molitor, umwe mu bagaba b’ingabo z’Ababiligi zari muri Congo, wo kubatsinsura bakava i Gisenyi kugira ngo ashobore gutera Kigali na Nyanza, badanangiye urugerero rwaho ndetse baca n’indake ku musozi wa Rubavu bashingamo imbunda zikomeye, izindi bazishinga ku Nyundo bakwirakwiza abasirikare hafi aho, ku buryo umwanzi wese wari buturuke i Goma atari bubacike.

Icyo gihe intoki zose z’Abagoyi barazitemye bazivanaho, ndetse n’inzu barazisenya kugira ngo umwezi ugaragare neza. Abagoyi batafashwe ngo bajye bagemura ibikoresho n’ibitunga abasirikare bari bahunze bavanyemo akabo karenge, kuko uwari gutinda aho yari gufatirwa hagati y’amasasu y’abarwanyi.

Nubwo Ababiligi bari benshi kuruta Abadage n’Abanyarwanda ku Gisenyi, bagerageje gutera inshuro zirenga eshanu ariko basubizwa inyuma ndetse ku nshuro ya nyuma abasirikare babo 21 bahasiga ubuzima.

Byatumye Ababiligi babona ko badashobora gutsinsura Abadage banyuze i Gisenyi, mu ntangiriro za 1916 biga amayeri yo guca inyuma y’ibirunga bagatera baturutse mu Mutara na Ndorwa, bakabona kwerekeza i Kigali.

Ibi byarabahiriye kuko ku wa 6 Gicurasi 1916 bari bamaze gufata Kigali. 

Abadage bari ku Gisenyi bumvise ko byakomeye bazinga utwabo berekeza mu Majyepfo bahura na benewabo bari baturutse mu Burengerazuba berekeza Tabora muri Tanzania. Hari amakuru avuga ko hari Abanyarwanda bajyanye nabo, bamwe bagarukira mu nzira abandi bagerana i Burayi.

Umusozi wa Rubavu ubumbatiye amateka akomeye kuko uretse indake ebyiri zihari, mu birenge byawo unahasanga irimbi ry’abazungu bahashyinguye, yaba Abadage n’Ababiligi bakomeje no kuhashyingurwa nyuma y’intambara.

## Indangamurongo
https://mobile.igihe.com/amakuru/u-rwanda/article/uko-intambara-ya-mbere-y-isi-yose-yakuye-abadage-mu-rwanda