open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Ntakirutimana Eliyeli

Ntakirutimana Eliel inzobere y'umunyarwanda iba muri America.

## AMERICA

Dogiteri Eliyeli Ntakirutimana (Nataki) ni we Munyarwanda wa mbere wabonye impamyabushobozi nyinshi mu buvuzi kandi zemewe n’igihugu cya Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, Koko rero Dogiteri Nataki abarirwa mu baganga ba kabuhariwe b’Abanyamerika.

## UBUZIMA BWITE
Ntakirutimana Eliyeli cyangwa **Nataki** yavukiye i Murama, nyuma ababyeyi be baza kwimukira ku Mugonerero (Kibuye) ubu ni mukarere ka Karongi, Se umubyara yari Umuvugabutumwa w’idini y’Abadiventiste b’umunsi wa karindwi wayoboye itorero ryo ku Mugonero igihe kirekire yitwaga Pasteur Ntakirutimana Elizafani.

## IBYO YIZE
Dogiteri  Eliyeli Nataki yize amashuri abanza ku Mugonero akomereza ayisumbuye mu gihugu cya  Uganda, Kubera umurava n’ubuhanga buhanitse byamuranze akiri muto, Dogiteri Eliyeli yagiye gukomereza kaminuza ya **Montemorelos** mu gihugu cya Mexico (1975-1982) ahakura Impamyabushobozi y’ikirenga iherekejwe n’amashimo menshi mu buvuzi (Doctorat en médecine).

## INZOBERE
Dogiteri  Ntakirutimana Nataki Ntiyarekeye aho ahubwo yagiye mu mugi wa New York afata imyaka itari mike mu masomo ajyanye no kunononsora ubumenyi mu kuvura indwara zihariye(***Specialités***) muri Kaminuza za Columbia University na New York Health Science Center in Brooklyn (1986-1989) Muri make Dogiteri Nataki ni inzobere mu byerekeye :

1. Gutera ikinya (Anestésie générale)

2. Kuvura indwara zinyuranye z’umutima

3.Kuvura indwara nyinshi zijyane n’uburibwe bw’amagufa, imitsi, ububabare bw’imikaya n’ingingo.

## PAIN CONSULTANTS OF TEXAS
Dogiteri  Ntakirutimana Nataki Mu mugi wa Laredo, Dogiteri Nataki yatangiriye ku buvuzi bw’indwara z’umutima ubwo yakoranaga n’abaganga b’inzobere bo muri Leta ya Texas, muri iki gihe yashinze ibitaro bye bwite (PCT : Pain Consultants of Texas)  aho avura indwara nyinshi ndetse akanabaga(chirurgie).

## AMASHAKIRO
Ibitaro bya Kibogora

Ibitaro bya Kibogora ni ibitaro byashingwa mu mwaka wa 1968 biri mu karere nyamasheke mu intara y'uburengerazuba Ibitaro bya Kibogora byakiriye ababyeyi 2008 bari baje kuhabyarira. Muri bo, abagera ku 1005 babyaye babazwe naho abandi 1003 babyara mu nzira zisanzwe, kandi bose babashije kubyara neza ku buryo nta wigeze apfa mu gihe cyo kubyara, uyu musaruro byaturutse ku gushyira imbaraga muri serivise z’ubabyaza, ubukangurambaga ku babyeyi, ubwitange bw’abakozi ndetse no kubaha Imana, kandi Ibitaro bya Kibogora bishingiye ku Itorero Méthodiste Libre mu Rwanda ifite intero igira iti “Dukorera Imana ikiza kandi igatanga ubugingo”, kandi Ibitaro bya Kibogora byaje mu byo ku isonga ku rwego rw’Igihugu mu kugaragaramo isuku no gutanga serivise nziza.

## Amashakiro
Soso Mado

Gasasira Jean Félix bitaga Soso Mado nu umuhanzi w'umunyarwanda wamenyekanye mu itsinda ry'abaririmbyi ryitwaga orchestre Impala. Soso mado yari umuhanga mu muziki ku buryo ngo yacurangaga ibikoresho hafi ya byose by’umuziki 

= Ubuzima bwite =
Soso Mado, yavutse ku itariki 12 Kanama 1955, avukana n’abana 12 akaba uwa kane muri bo. yavutse kuri se witwa Ntakavuro Elias na nyina Nyirabunuma Elisabeth. Soso Mado yavukiye muri Kongo Kinshasa nyuma y’uko ababyeyi be bavuye mu Rwanda bakajya gukorera abakoroni b’Ababiligi muri icyo gihugu cyitwaga Zaire, icyo gihe mukuru we Kari wa Njenje yari afite umwaka n’igice batura ahitwa Kibushi muri Zaire

Soso Mado yize amashuri abanza ahitwa Cartier Nord muri Kivu y’Amajyaruguru, akomereza ahitwa kuri Cycle d’Orientation agiye kwiga ubukanishi 

= Urugendo rwe mu muziki =
Soso Mado yatangiye kugaragaza impano ye y’umuziki ubwo yigaga amashuri yisumbuye ahitwa Cartier Nord, ariko ngo ahanini yakomezaga gufashwa na mukuru we Kari wa Njenje. Icyakora bose ngo iyo mpano bayikesha se ubabyara, Ntakavuro wari waravuye mu Rwanda ari umuhanzi w’icyo gihe akaba yari azwi mu gucuranga inanga, iyamenyekanye ikaba inanga ya Ryangombe, rwabugiri n’izindi 

Umuryango wa Ntakavuro ugeze mu Rwanda Soso Mado yahitiye mu mujyi wa Kigali ajya gukomeza amashuri ye y’ubukanishi muri ETO Kicukiro aho yanakomereje umuziki mu itsinda rya les amants de la chanson

Soso Mado yatabarutse ku itariki 16 Ukuboza 1993 azize uburwayi atari amaranye igihe kirekire 

Soso Mado yatabarutse afite abana icyenda, barimo n’ab’umugore we witwa Mukaremera Euphrasie ari na we mugore we babanye igihe kirekire babyarana abana batanu, barimo na Olivier Kwizera, umuzamu w’ikipe y’Igihugu amavubi, babyaranye kandi undi muhungu uzwi nka Zizou, Honoré n’uwitwa Jean Luck

= Amashakiro =
Ibitaro bya Mugonero

Ibitaro bya Mugonero biherereye mu kagari ka Ngoma umurenge wa Gishyita akarere ka Karongi, mu intara y'iburengerazuba, bikaba ari ibitaro bishingiye ku itorero ry’Abadiventisiti b’Umunsi wa Karindwi, aho baherutse guhabwa amahugurwa n'imikoreshereze ku bitera inkongi z'umuriro, uko bazirinda ndetse nuko bazizimya mugihe zibaye.

## Amashakiro
Ibitaro bya Ruhengeri

Ibitaro bya Ruhengeri byubatswe mu myaka ya 1939 kugeza 1940, byubatse mu Karere ka Musanze mu intara y'amajyaruguru, ni bimwe mu bitaro byatoranyijwe mu gihugu nk’ibitaro byi cyitegererezo,  bikaba byakira by’umwihariko abaturajye baturutse muduce duturanye nabyo, turimo akarere ka Musanze n'akarere ka Nyabihu.

byakira ababigana buri kwezi bagera ku bihumbi bitandatu baza gusaba serivisi zitandukanye z’ubuvuzi bikaba byaratingiye kuvuguruwa kuva mumwaka wa 2024 kugeza nubu.

ibitaro byaruhengeri byashikirijwe ibikoresho byo gukora inyunganira ngingo ndetse ninsimbura ngingo , byitezweho korohereza abantu 

bafite ubumuga.https://www.kigalitoday.com/ubuzima/ubuvuzi/article/ibitaro-bya-ruhengeri-byungutse-ibikoresho-byifashishwa-mu-buvuzi-bw-abafite-ubumuga

## Amashakiro

3.https://www.kigalitoday.com/ubuzima/ubuvuzi/article/ibitaro-bya-ruhengeri-byungutse-ibikoresho-byifashishwa-mu-buvuzi-bw-abafite-ubumuga
Ibitaro bya Shyira

Ibitaro bya Shyira  byatangijwe kuya 04 Nyakanga 2017 n'umukuru w’igihugu peresida Paul Kagame ni ibitaro bya mbere by’icyitegerezo mu bwiza no mu bunini byubatswe mu Karere ka Nyabihu mu ntara y’i Burengerazuba, kuko bifite ibyumba 150 bigezweho byifashishwa muri serivisi zitandukanye z’ubuvuzi, ibi bitaro byuzuye bitwaye asaga miliyari eshanu z'amafaranga yu Rwanda, abaganga bakora muri ibyo bitaro na bo bashyiriweho akarusho ko gukora bacumbikirwa kuko bubakiwe amacumbi 34 yubatswe hafi yabyo, mu rwego rwo kuborohereza mu kazi kabo ka buri munsi,  ibitaro bya Shyira byari bisanzweho byari byarubatswe mu 1937.

## Amashakiro
Ibitaro bya Muhororo

Ibitaro bya Muhororo  bivugwa ko byubatswe ahagana mu mwaka 1932 byubakwa n’abazungu bacukuzaga amabuye muri iki gice binavugwa ko cyaba gicumbikiye amabuye ya Gasegereti biherereye mu karere Ka Ngororero mu ntara y'uburengerazuba, ubu hari gushaka ahandi hantu hangana na Hegitari 2,5 (2,5 ha) ho kubaka ibibitaro ku buryo byazarangirana n’icyerekezo cya NST1 nkuko byemerewe n'umukuru w'igihugu perezida Paul Kagame.

## Amashakiro
Ibitaro bya Gisenyi

Ibitaro bya Gisenyi byubatswe mu mwaka wa 1930 biherereye mu karere ka Rubavu mu ntara y'uburengerazuba azwi nki Gisenyi, uretse kuba bifite inyubako zangijwe n’imitingito, ziranashaje ndetse bikaba byugarijwe n’impanuka z’imodoka nini zibura feri zikabigonga kenshi, ndetse rimwe na rimwe zikagwa mu bitaro,  ibitaro by’Akarere ka Rubavu bikeneye kwimurirwa mu birometero bitanu uvuye aho biri ubu, nk’igisubizo kirambye, Hazakenerwa miliyari 1.9 mu ku byubaka byimurirwe mu Murenge wa Rugerero. byakira abarwayi benshi barimo abo mu Karere ka Rubavu, Rutsiro na Nyabihu.

## Amashakiro
Ibitaro bya gihundwe

Ibitaro bya Gihundwe biri mu mudugudu wa Murambi mu kagari ka Gihundwe mu murenge wa Kamembe mu Karere ka Rusizi mu ntara y'iburengerazuba,  barinubira ko ibitaro ntibiri kubaha amafaranga yabo y’agahimbaza musyi mu gihe ngo bamwe muri bagenzi babo bayahabwa kandi ngo bakora akazi kamwe, Abakozi basaba guhabwa amafaranga yabo y’agahimbazamusyi babarirwa mu 130, umwe mu ba hakora  ufite amashuri y’icyiciro cya mbere cya kaminuza avuga ko ubundi agomba ibihumbi 60 by’agahimbazamusyi buri kwezi ariko akaba amaze amezi 17 atayahabwa.

## Amashakiro
Ibitaro bya Bushenge

Ibitaro by'intara bya Bushenge ni ibitaro bya Leta, bikaba byaratangiye gutanga serivisi z'ubuvuzi kuva mu 1953. Ibi bitaro biherereye mu murenge wa Bushenge (kuri km 3 uvuye ku muhanda Kigali-Rusizi) mu karere ka Nyamasheke, intara y'Iburengerazuba. Mu 2008 umutingito wibasiye uturere twa Nyamasheke na Rusizi usiga ushenye ibitaro bya Bushenge ku kigero cya 80%. Nyuma y'uwo mutingito hubatswe ibindi bitaro bishya, muri 2012 bitangira gutangirwamo serivisi z'ubuvuzi. Ibitaro bya Bushenge byagizwe ibitaro byo ku rwego rw'intara muri 2014, bihabwa ibikoresho byisumbuyeho, byongererwa abaganga, bihabwa n'abaganga b'inzobere. Abaturage bivuriza kuri ibi bitaro bashima umuhate wa Leta mu kwita ku buzima bwabo. Ibi bitaro byuzuye bitwaye miliyari enye z’amafaranga y’u Rwanda, bikaba bifite ubushobozi bwo kwakira bikanacumbikira abarwayi 250.

## Amashakiro
Ibitaro bya Nemba

ibitaro bya Nemba biherereye mu Karere ka Gakenke mu ntara y'iburengerazuba, abaganaga bakora kuri ibi bitaro, barasaba kwishyurwa imishahara y’amezi abiri bamaze badahebwa, kuva amafaranga y’agahimbazamutsi yagabanuka ibitaro bya Nemba bimaze kubura abaganga barindwi n’abaforomo barenga bane, bose bagenda bavuga ko batishimiye iryo gabanuka.

## Amashakiro
WARUZIKO

IBIHUGU BITAGIRA IGISIRIKARI

Kurubu kugirango igihugu gikomere , bisaba kuba bifite igisirikari

gikomeye kuburyo hagize umwanzi ugitera cyashobora kwirinda

kuri iy'isi rero hari ibihugu bitagira ingabo bimwe muriyo rero ni :

# *samoa*
# *The costa Rica*
# *Iceland* 

muri ibi bihugu byose ntangabo bigira cyangwa se igisirikari

bigira ariko imiryango iharanira amahoro ku isi nka NATO niyo

ikorera muri byo bihugu ariko bitavuzeko ari ibisirikari byibyo bihugu.

inzego z'umutekeno ni imwe mu nkingi za mwamba igihugu kiba gifite 

kugirango kizere umutekano usesuye.

ibihugu byinshi kuri iyisi bifata igisirikare cyabyo nk'ikimenyetso cy'imbaraga

ndetse bigatanga ingengo y'imari ihambaye kugisirikare cyabyo.

igitangaje nuko bimwe mu bihugu bibonako kugira igisirikare atari ngombwa https://bwiza.com/?Menya-ibihugu-20-ku-Isi-bitagira-igisirikarehttps://web.archive.org/web/20230322141036/https://genesisbizz.com/Dore-urutonde-rw-ibihugu-umunani-bitagira-igisirikare

## URUTONDE
Bimwe mubihugu bisigaye bidafite igisirikari:

1.*Vatican*

2. *Mauritius*

3. *Monaco state*
 
4. *Panama*

5. *San Marino* 

## Amashakiro
Marie Grace Abayizera

Marie Grace Abayizera ni umuhanzikazi w'umunyarwanda uzwi ku mazina ya oung Grace, akaba yaravutse mu mwaka w'1994. yamenyekanye mu muziki nyarwanda nk'umuhanzi w'umuraperi ku mazina ya Young Grace . 

= Amashakiro =
GASABO DISTRICT

## AKARERE KA GASABO
GASABO ni kamwe mu turere dutatu(3) tugize umujyi wa KIGALI mu Rwandagaherereye mu majyaruguru y'iburasirazuba y'umujyi wa kigali
Icyicaro cya karere giherereye mu Murenge wa Remera, mu Kagari ka Nyarutarama. Akarere ka Gasabo gahana imbibi n’utu Turere: Kicukiro: mu Majyepfo . Gicumbi mu Majyaruguru . Rwamagana: mu Burasirazuba . Nyarugenge: mu burengerazuba
Menya byinshi 

Akarere ka GASABO kagizwe n'imirenge cumi nitanu(15) utugari mirongo irindwi nadutatu(73) imidugudu  485 kakaba gafite ubuso bungana na 430.30km square

Akarere ka GASABO gafite abaturage bangana na 530,907  batuye kubucucike bungana na 1,237 km square.
Angell Mutoni

Angell Mutoni ni umunyarwandakazi w'umusizi, umuririmbyi n'umwanditsi w'indirimbo, akora umuziki wo munjyana ivanze ya RnB/Pop ndetse na Afrobeat. Akaba atuye mu mujyi wa Kigali, mu gihugu cy'u Rwanda.

## Amavu n'amavuko y'inganzo
Mutoni akiri umwana yakuze abona se ari umuhanzi, ku myaka ye 10 yatangiye kujya yandika inkuru ngufi akaba ariho nyuma yakuye impano yo kwandika indirimbo, mu buto bwe hari igihe se yamujyanaga mu nzu ye itunganya umuziki akajya amwigisha iby'ibanze kuri muzika, bikaba byaramubereye imbarutso imuvuburamo urukundo afitiye umuziki. 

## Ibihe bitandukanye mu muziki

* Yafashe insakasamajwi bwa mbere yiga mu mashuri yisumbuye mu gitaramo cy'ikigo.
* Mu mwaka wa 2011 nyuma yo gusoza amashuri yisumbuye yahise asohora indirimbo ye ya mbere itunganyije neza muri studio.

## Amarushanwa n'ibitaramo bikomeye yitabiriye

* Mu mwaka wa 2014 yataramiye abakunzi b'umuziki we mu gitaramo cyitwa Doadoa: East African Perfoming Arts Market i Jinja muri Uganda.
* Yitabiriiye irushanwa rya RFI Prix Decouverte mu mwaka wa 2016, agira amahirwe yo kuba umwe mu baryitabiriye bambere 10.

## Imbuga nkoranyambaga akoresha
FACEBOOK: Angell Mutoni Music  

TWITTER: @AngellMutoniRw 

INSTAGRAM: @angellmutoni.rw

EMAIL: [mailto:&#x20;Angellmutonimusic@gmail.com angellmutonimusic@gmail.com]

## Reba
Mutesi scovia

**Mutesi Scovia** yavukiye mu Ntara y’Iburasirazuba mu Rwanda mu mwaka wa 1986, ubu akaba atuye mu Mujyi wa Kigali. Afite impamyabumenyi y’amashuri yisumbuye mu ishami ra ’**Human Science**

## Ibyo Akora
Scovia Mutesi akora umwuga w’itangazamakuru kandi ni **Umuyobozi Mukuru (Managing Director)** w’urubuga rw’amakuru **Mama Urwagasabo Media**, ruboneka kuri *mamaurwagasabo.rw*. Uru rubuga rwibanda cyane ku nkuru zijyanye n’**uburinganire n’ubwuzuzanye hagati y’abagore n’abagabo**, by’umwihariko ku bibazo by’**imirimo yo mu rugo idahabwa agaciro cyangwa igihembo (unpaid care work)**.

Afite intego yo kuba impuguke mu gutangaza inkuru zirebana n’ibibazo by’uburinganire, ndetse no gushinga ikigo cy’itangazamakuru gikomeye kizwiho gutanga amakuru **yizewe, yuzuye kandi agira uruhare mu guteza imbere uburinganire**.

Umunyamakuru Mutesi Scovia yatowe nk’Umuyobozi w’Inama Nkuru y’Itangazamakuru mu Rwanda (**Rwanda Media Commission – RMC**). Aya matora yabaye ku mugoroba wo ku wa Gatanu, tariki ya 15 Ugushyingo, yitabiriwe n’abanyamakuru bafite uburenganzira bwo gutora mu RMC 

## Ibyo Yavuze
"Nzarwanira ko abanyamakuru bakore **mu bwisanzure no mu buryo bw’umwuga**."

## Amashuri Yize
Mutesi Scovia yArangije amaShuri yisumbuye mu ishami rya Human Resource (Gucunga Abakozi)

## Ubukangurambaga
Umunyamakuru w’Umunyarwanda wageze ku ntera ishimishije abikesheje kwihangana no guhanga udushya, yitabiriye inama ya **National Umushyikirano Council ya 20** agaragaza ibibazo by’ubukungu abanyamakuru bahura na byo, anasaba ko itangazamakuru ryahabwa agaciro nk’umwuga n’igikorwa cy’ubukungu gifite uruhare mu iterambere

## Amashakiro
Mato Grosso do Sul

**Mato Grosso do Sul** ni imwe muri leta zo mu burengerazuba bwo hagati bwa Burezile. Irahana kandi ibihugu bya Paraguay, mu majyepfo ashyira uburengerazuba, na Boliviya, mu burengerazuba. Ubukungu bwa leta bushingiye ahanini ku buhinzi no korora inka. Yambutse mu majyepfo na Tropic ya Capricorn, Mato Grosso do Sul muri rusange afite ikirere gishyushye, rimwe na rimwe gishyushye, kandi gifite ubuhehere, kandi cyambukiranya imigezi myinshi yo mu ruzi rwa Paraná.

Leta izwi kandi ku bidukikije, kandi niho hakorerwa ubukerarugendo bwo mu gihugu no mu mahanga . Ikibaya cya Pantanal gikubiyemo amakomine 12 kandi kigaragaza ibimera n’ibinyabuzima bitandukanye, hamwe n’amashyamba, inkombe z’umucanga karemano, savannah, urwuri rufunguye, imirima n’ibihuru. Umujyi Bonito, ku musozi wa Bodoquena, ufite ubuvumo bwa kera, inzuzi karemano, amasumo, ibidendezi byo koga hamwe n'ubuvumo bw'ikiyaga cy'ubururu .

Izina *Mato Grosso do Sul* ni Igiporutigali kuri "South Thick Bush"; iryo zina ryarazwe na leta y’amajyaruguru y’abaturanyi ya Mato Grosso, muri ryo rikaba ryarimo kugeza mu myaka ya za 70. Ntibisanzwe ko abantu bibeshya bavuga Mato Grosso do Sul nka "Mato Grosso". Andi mazina yatanzwe, mugihe cyo gutandukana na nyuma yayo, harimo " Pantanal " ((yerekeza ku miterere izwi cyane y’imiterere y’imiterere) na "Maracaju" (bivuga umusozi wa Maracaju Umusozi wambukiranya leta kuva mu majyaruguru ugana mu majyepfo) .

## Reba
Budha

**Budha** yari umwarimu w’inzererezi wigishaga kandi w’idini wabaga muri Aziya yepfo mu kinyejana cya 6 cyangwa 5 MIC. yashinze Budisime.

## Reba
Umuyobozi Al-Hassane Aidara

Umuyobozi wumudugudu **Al-Hassane Aidara** (yavutse muw'1917 ahitwa Timbédra, Mauritania; apfa mukuboza 2011 ahitwa Darou Hidjiratou muri Senegal) yari Umuyobozi widini rya Moritaniya-Senegal Sufi aturuka muba Tijaniya tariqa.

## Umwirondoro
Cherif Al-Hassane Aidara bimutse bava Mauritania bajya muri Senegal mumpera zumwaka waza 1930. Akigera muri Senegal, yakiriwe na Thierno Siirajaddine Mohamed Said Ba wa Medina Gounass na cantonal ye umuyobozi wumudugugu Seydou Diao. Yaje gushaka Umukobwa wa cantonal umuyobozi wumudugudu witwaga Maimouna Diao.

Yaratuye mumuhana we witwa Darou Hidjiratou kandi akaba yarahambwe hariya mukuboza 2011.

Umusigiti mukuru wa Al Hassanayni (Bisobanura: Imisigiti ibiri ya Hassans" ) ya Darou Hidjiratou wubatswe naba Mozdahir ikigo Mpuzamahanga (IMI) na Peresida wacyo Cherif Mohamed Aly Aidara. umusigiti witiriwe mucyubahiro cyumuyobozi wumudugudu Al-Hassane Aidara mumukurambere we Imam Al Hassane Al Mojtaba ibn Ali, umwuzukuru w`umuhanuzi Muhammad akaba nuwakabiri muba Imamu 12 muba Shiism 12.

## Umuryango
Umuyobozi Wumudugudu Al-Hassane Aidara ni se wumuyobozi Mohamed Aly Aidara, akaba numuyobozi widini akaba arinawe watangije Umushinga udaharanira Inyungu witwa Ikigo Mozdahir Mpuzamahanga (IMI). Umuyobozi Al-Hassane Aidara akaba arinawe se wumuyobozi Habib Aidara, Umuyobozi wumurenge wa Comine ya Bonconto.

## References
Umuyobozi Mohamed Aly Aidara

**Umuyobozi Mohamed Aly Aidara** numunyasenegali-Mauritanian akaba numuyobozi wibyidini uzwicyane kumirimoye yiterambere mpuzamahanga muri afurika yamajyepfo azwi nkuntu wambere wumuyobozi wibyiyobokamana wumu She1i He is notable as one of the primary Shi'i muri Senegal.

Uwari Invange yaba Moritaniya ninkomoko yaba Fulani, Umuyobozi wumudugudu Mohamed Aly Aidara wavutse muri 1959 ahitwa Darou Hidjiratou, mumudugudu wahitwa Bonconto,mukarere ka Kolda, Mumajyepfo ya Senegal watangijwe na se. Ise numuyobozi Al-Hassane Aidara, Umugabo wumu Moritaniya ukomoka mugace ka Al Lakhal ko mubwoko bwaba Laghlal bo muri Moritaniya wavuzeko akomoka muba yobozi Moulaye Idriss bomumuryango wa Idrisid, mugihe nyina yari Maimouna Diao, umudamu ukomoka muri Senegali Peul (Fulani) umugore ukomoka mubwoko bwaba Diao. Nkumunya senegali sharif, Aidara yavuzeko afite inkomoko mumuryango wumuhanuzi Muhammad (reba silsila).

Amaze kurangiza Imihango yimyigishirize yicyisiramu muri Senegali, murizonyinshi akaba aribyo yigishijwe nase, Aidara yakomeje inyigishoze muri Alliance yabafransa i Paris, mubu Fransa. Yavugaga Icyarabu neza,Icyongereza, Igifransa, Pulaar (Fulfulde), na Wolof.

**Musazawe Cherif Habib Aidara** yarumuyobozi wa Bonconto Commune.

## Akazi
Mumwaka wa 2000, Umuyobozi Mohamed Aly Aidara yatangije umushinga Mpuzamahanga udaharanira inyungu witwa Mozdahir muri Senegale. Aidara yahatirishe amashuri mwiterambere ,nkogushigikira Ibikorwa rusange byiterambere ,guteza imbere imirimo y`Imari ixiriritse yakiyislamu, nogukomeza kumenyekanisha Shi'i ya Isilamu muri Senegale.

Mukazi yakoraga, Aidara yongereye iterambere rye mumashuri cyane cyane mu karera ka Casamance (Fouladou) yo mumajyepfo ya Senegale, ariko yaje kwagura hirya ya Senegale muduce twiburengerazuba bwa afurika, Harimo Mali, Gineya Bisau, Burkina Faso, Ivory Coast, nibindi bihugu bya Afurika. yakunze kutembera hanze ya Afurika akanakorana nindi mishanga idaharanira inyungu ikomeye nka World Food Programme.

Yari yarubatse akanagura urugaga rwaba Mozdahir mu migi ya Senegale nka Dakar, Dahra Djoloff, Kolda, Ziguinchor, Saloum, na Vélingara. Yanatangije Urugaga rwabaturage ba Mozdahir bomuri Nadjaf Al Achraf yanatejimbere Teyel n`umuhana wa Foulamori, yashizemo amashuri nimisigiti muri buri mudugudu.

Aidara yaje kuyobora Radio Mozdahir FM muri Dakar, na Radio Zahra FM muri Kolda (reba na list yama radio muri Senegale).

Ibitabo mugifransa:
*ukuri mwisimburana ryabahanuzi
*Sayyidda Zaynab (pslf) Intwari za Karbala
*Amasengesho y`i`ntumwa muhamedi ukurikije abo mumuryango we. 
*Ghadir Khoum : usobanura Imihango yi Ghadir nibiganiro bizwicyane byintumwa iyominsi.
*Achoura Umunsi wokwibuka iminsi mikuru ?
*Amategeko agenga Umutungu waki isilamu

## References
Mozdahir

**Mozdahir** (**Mozdahir International Institute**; French: **Institut Mozdahir International**, **IMI**) - Ifite amashami mubihugu byinshi, nka Senegali, Mali, Kote Divuwari, Gineya-Biso, Burukina Faso, nibindi bihugu. Mozdahir yatangijwe muri 2000 numuyobozi  Mohamed Aly Aidara, umwe mubayobozi bibyiyobokamana ba Senegali. umushinga ukora ibikorwa byiterambere bifitanye isano nuburezi, ubufuzi, ubuhinzi, ibidukikije, ningufu zituruka kuzuba, kandi bakoranye nimishinga ikomeye nka World Food Programme.

Mozdahir ifite icyicaro gikuru i Dakar, hafi ya Kaminuza yi Dakari. ishuri rikuru ryumushinga muri Dakari rifite nicyumba cyibitabo bigiramo ubumenyi bwa facakari ilities. Mozdahir kandi afite magazine ya burigihembwe, ryakira nibiganiro rusange, bwakira na Radio yitwa Mozdahir FM 93.2 muri Guédiawaye, Dakari, niyo Radio ya Shi'i yonyine ikora muri Senegali. Iyobora ibikorwa byiterambere byinshi mukarere ka Casamance ku mu majyepfo ya senegali, ndetse nomu bice byinshi bya Afurika yamajyepfo. abayobozi bumushinga bavanga nibikorwa byomubiturage nkogutera insina zera Imineke mubiturage nka Nadjaf Al Ashraf.

## Projects
Kugezubu, Mozdahir yubatse:
*Lycées muri Bamako, Mali na Ouagadougou, Burukina Faso
*CAPE Maimouna Diao ikigo cyimfubyi muri Kolda, Senegali
*Ishuri rya Al Mahdi, ikigo cyigenga i Kolda, Senegali
*Ikigo cya kiyisiramu Bafatá, Gineya-Biso
*Ikigo ngangamuco Vélingara, Senegali
Ishamba rishya Kolda Region na Thiès Region, Senegali

## References
Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Murambi

**Ishuri rya Tekinike rya Murambi**, ubu rizwi ku izina rya **Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Jenoside**, ruherereye hafi y'umujyi wa Murambi mu majyepfo y'u Rwanda .

## Ibisobanuro
uru rwibutso ni rumwe mu nzibuto esheshatu zizwi cyane mu Rwanda bibukiraho Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu w' 1994 mu Rwanda . Ahandi ni Urwibutso rwa Kigali ku Gisozi, Urwibutso rwa Ntarama,Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Nyamata, Urwibutso rwa Bisesero na Nyarubuye . 
 

Aha niho habereye  mu gihe cya jenoside yo mu Rwanda yo mu 1994. Igihe ubwicanyi bwatangiraga, abatutsi bo muri ako karere bagerageje kwihisha mu rusengero rwaho. Icyakora, umwepiskopi n'umuyobozi w'akarere babashukishije umutego babohereza mu ishuri rya tekiniki, bavuga ko ingabo z'Abafaransa zizabarindira.  Ku ya 16 Mata 1994, impuzandengo y'abatutsi 65.000 bagiye mu ishuri. Abatutsi bamaze kuhagera, nta mazi cyangwa ibiryo byatanzwe. Ibi byakozwe kugirango abaturage bafite intege nke zo kwirwanaho. Nyuma yo kwirwanaho iminsi mike bakoresheje amabuye, abatutsi barengewe ku ya 21 Mata. Abasirikare b'Abafaransa baburiwe irengero maze ishuri ryibasirwa n’intagondwa z’Abahutu Interahamwe . Abatutsi bagera ku 20.000 biciwe kuri iryo shuri, kandi abashoboye gutoroka hafi ya bose bishwe bukeye ubwo bagerageza kwihisha mu rusengero rwegereye.  Umubare w'abantu bapfuye bagera ku 50.000 watanzwe na guverinoma utabariyemo n'umubare w'imibiri yataburuwe, ndetse n'abatarashyinguwe mu cyubahiro.  Nk’uko umuyobozi w’urwibutso abitangaza, Abafaransa bazanye ibikoresho biremereye byo gucukura ibyobo byinshi aho hashyizwe imibiri ibihumbi. Bahise bashyira ikibuga cya volley ball hejuru yimva rusange kugirango bagerageze guhisha ibyabaye  . Mu mibiri yerekanwe ubu harimo iy'abana n'impinja.

Abantu 34 gusa ni bo bitekerezwa ko barokotse ubwo bwicanyi bwabereye i Murambi. 

Urwibutso rwashinzwe ku ya 21 Mata 1995. rukaba rurimo imva 50.000.  Inyubako y'ishuri ubu ni inzu ndangamurage ya jenoside yerekana amagufwa hamwe n'imibiri ya bamwe mu bihumbi by'abantu biciwe mu Ntara ya Gikongoro mu 1994.  Mu bushakashatsi yakoze ku nzibutso za jenoside yakorewe Abanyarwanda, Timothy Longman avuga ko nubwo imirambo yerekanwa i Murambi itangwa nk'iy'abantu biciwe aho, mu byukuri ko ari imirambo yazanywe i Murambi iturutse mu turere tuyikikije. Abiciwe i Murambi bashyinguwe mu mva rusange aho bari mu 1996. 

## Reba
B. R. Ambedkar

Dr. Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar (1891-1956) yari azwi cyane ku izina rya "Babasaheb Ambedkar" akaba n'umwubatsi w'Itegeko Nshinga ry'Ubuhinde. Yari umuyobozi wa politiki uzwi cyane, umunyamategeko uzwi cyane, umurwanashyaka w’ababuda, umuhanga mu bya filozofiya, umuhanga mu bumenyi bw’amateka, umuhanga mu by'amateka, umuvugizi, umwanditsi, ubukungu, intiti n’umwanditsi, na we.

Dr. Ambedkar yarwaniye kurandura burundu ibibi by’imibereho nko kudakorwaho no guharanira uburenganzira bw’abanyamurwango ndetse n’abandi bantu basigaye inyuma mu mibereho ye. Dr. Ambedkar yagizwe Minisitiri w’amategeko wa mbere mu Buhinde muri Guverinoma ya Jawaharlal Nehru. Nyuma y'urupfu rwe yahawe Bharat Ratna, icyubahiro cy’abasivili mu Buhinde mu 1990.

## Reba
Urubyiruko mukwirinda sida

### =Madamu Jeannette Kagame yasabye urubyiruko kongera imbaraga mu kwirinda Sida
1-12-2022 - saa 21:17,  *Rabbi Malo Umucunguzi*

Madamu Jeanette Kagame yasabye inzego zitandukanye by’umwihariko urubyiruko, kwibukiranya uruhare buri wese akwiye kugira mu kurwanya icyorezo cya Sida.

Ni ubutumwa yatanze kuri uyu wa 1 Ukuboza ubwo hizihizwaga umunsi mpuzamahanga wo kurwanya Sida.

U Rwanda rukomeje gushimwa kubera intambwe rwateye mu kurwanya icyorezo cya Sida, aho imibare igaragaza ko nibura hejuru ya 90% by’Abanyarwanda babana na Virusi Itera SIDA bazi uko bahagaze, 98% bafata imiti igabanya ubukana kandi nibura 90% bafite virusi nke cyane mu maraso.

Ni mu gihe kugeza mu 2018, ubwandu bushya bwa virusi itera Sida bwagabanutse kuri 83% naho impfu ziterwa na Sida zigabanukaho 82% mu myaka 20 ishize.

Mu butumwa Madamu Jeannette Kagame yanyujije ku mbuga nkoranyambaga yagize ati “Kuri uyu munsi wahariwe kurwanya Icyorezo cya Sida, ni ngombwa ko twongera kwibukiranya ku ruhare rwacu, cyane urubyiruko, mu kwirinda Sida. Guhangana n’iki cyorezo ni ugukomeza ubukangurambaga, twongera ubushobozi mu gutanga serivisi, kuko urugamba ruracyakomeje.”
Turahirwa Moses

Turahirwa Moses ni umunyarwanda wamenyekanye kubera inzu y'imideri yashinze mu gihugu cy'u Rwanda yambika abantu batandukanye harimo n'umukuru w'igihugu cy'u Rwanda Paul Kagame hamwe n'umuryango we
Urubyiruko mukwiteganyiriza ejo hazaza

Mu Rwanda hari urubyiruko rwinshi ugereranije n'impuzandego yabaturage batuye iki gihugu.

Ikibabaje n' uko abenshi murubyiruko ari abadafite akazi bikaba aribyo biturukaho kuba bigoye kuba abagize urwo rubyiruko rutabasha kugera kuri uko kwiteganyiriza.

### Rutsiro: Urubyiruko rwasabwe gutangira kwiteganyiriza ejo hazaza
Urubyiruko rwo mu Karere ka Rutsiro rwakanguriwe kwizigamira mu bigo by’imari no kwibumbira mu matsinda kugira ngo ejo habo hazabe heza kurusha none, ibyo babitangaje ku umunsi mpuzamahanga wabahariwe wo kwizigama.

Intego yagiraga iti ‘‘kuzigama tubigire umuco’’naho ku ibyapa hari handitse ngo ‘Tubigire iyacu, ejo heza, duharanira kwizigamira, ubukungu bwiyongere, ahandi hari handitse ngo iteganyirize rubyiruko’’.

Augustin Ntaganda akaba ari Intumwa ya Minisitiri w’Imari n’Igenamigambi akaba Umuyobozi ushinzwe Amahugurwa n’Imari yavuze ko Leta yafashe ingamba zo gushishakariza urubyiruko kwiteganyiriza hakiri kare yagize ati ‘‘Turashaka ko uhereye umwaka utaha muri Mutarama hazabaho isomo mu mashuri rizajya ryigisha urubyiruko uburyo bwo kwizigamira, babigira umuco wo kwizigamira babitsa mu ibigo by’imari iciriritse’’.

Uwo muyobozi yakomeje avuga ko Abanyarwanda muri rusange bagana ibigo by’imari bangana na 72%, Leta ikaba iteganya ko mu mwaka wa 2017 abagera kuri 80% bazaba bamaze kugana ibigo by’imari, naho muri Vision 2020 Abanyarwanda bazaba bamaze kugana ibigo by’imari bagomba kuzaba bangana na 90%.

John Ames Umuyobozi muri Global Communities muri gahunda ‘‘Usaid Ejo heza’’  yagize ati ‘‘Gahunda yo kuzigama twayihereye mu kwezi k’Ugushyingo 2014 kugeza uyu munsi ku wa 28 Ukwakira 2015, aho dukangurira urubyiruko kubaka ubukungu buhamye, kuko urubyiruko ari rwo rugomba kwitabwaho kurushaho bitewe ni uko ari bo mbaraga z’igihugu cy’ejo hazaza’’.

Umwe mu urubyiruko witwa Yamfashije Vincent umaze kwizigamira ahereye ku ibiceri 200 yavuze ko yagiye yizigamira muri cooperative Inkunga akaba amaze kwigurira ihene mu igihe cy’amezi 3 gusa yagize ati ‘‘Natangiye nizigamira buri uko mbonye amafaranga ibiceri 200 none ubu maze kwigurira ihene y’ibihumbi makumi nyabiri (20 000 frws)’’.

Ndagijimana Alphonse umwe mu urubyiruko mu Murenge wa Gihango yavuze ko bibumbiye mu matsinda bisunga koperative Inkunga aho ngo bamaze kwizigamira amafaranga ibihumbi 180 yagize ati ‘‘Twishyize hamwe turi urubyiruko 27 aho buri wese aba afite intego yihariye mu igihe arashe ku intego mu yihaye akabona kugura icyo yari yaragambiriye kugeraho, ubu mu itsinda ryacu 4 muri twe bagiye bagura inka, abandi 4 bamaze kwigurira ihene, 1 na we yaguze umurima w’ibisheke’’.

Urwo rubyiruko mu buhamya bwabo bagiye bavuga ko buri wese aba afite intego agomba kuzarasa aho bamwe baba bafite kuzagura ikintu runaka mu gihe yagenye, kuko hari abiha intego y’amezi 3 cyangwa 6 bitewe n’ubushobozi bwe akabona kugera ku inzozi ze, yarangiza agakomeza kurasa ku iyindi intego kugeza ubwo azageza ku intambwe yo kuba umukungu.

[ http://197.243.22.137/rutsiro/index.php?id=38&tx_news_pi1%5Bnews%5D=175&tx_news_pi1%5Bcontroller%5D=News&tx_news_pi1%5Baction%5D=detail&cHash=502207c5463c5b1ff8ec8f3de3975d49]
Indwara y'umugongo

Indwara y’umugongo ni imwe mu ndwara zikunze  mu bantu b’ingeri zose ariko cyane mu bantu bari hagati y’imyaka 30 na 60, babitewe n’impamvu zitandukanye nyamara harimo n'io bishoboka ko zakwirindwa 

## Ibitera indwara y'umugongo

* Kwicara cyangwa guhagarara ahantu hamwe igihe kinini kandi uri mu buryo bumwe

* Impanuka zitandukanye zangiza umugongo

* Kwicara nabi mu gihe uri mu kazi, cyangwa ahantu hatuma utisanzura 

* Uburwayi bwibasira uruti rw'umugongo

* Kugira ibiro byinshi bitajyanye n’uburebure bwawe (ahanini bituruka ku mirire mibi)

* Ubumuga umuntu ashobora kuba yaravukanye nk’inyonjo n’ibindi

* Kwambara inkweto ndende igihe kinini

* Kwikorera cyangwa se guterura ibintu utabasha cyangwa biremereye cyane umuntu yunamye ahantu hatameze neza

* Kuryama ahantu hatameze neza urugero twavuga nko kuri matela inepa cyane

## Uko wakwirinda indwara y’umugongo
izi ni zimwe mu nama zitangwa n'abaganga z'uko wakwirinda indwara y'umugongo:

a) Kwirinda guterura cyangwa kwikorera ibintu biremereye cyane cyagwa utabasha

b) Kwirinda kwicara cyangwa guhagarara igihe kirekire mu buryo bumwe n'ubwo akazi kawe kaba kabigusaba, ugomba kugerageza kujya mu bundi buryo ( nk’abamotari, abashoferi n’abakozi bo mu biro bagafata akaruhuko byibura iminota itatu mu isaha, noneho bakabona gukomeza)

c) kwirinda kunama no kunamuka kenshi cyane cyane uri mu bwogero

d) kwirinda gutereka mudasobwa ku bibero ngo uyikoreshe wunamye

e) ni byiza kwicara kwicara ku ntebe kandi amaguru akora hasi, utitendetse

f) Kunywa amazi menshi bifasha, kugirango ubwonko bukore neza

g) gukora siporo nibura gatatu mu cyumweru

h) kwirinda impanuka zakwibasira umugongo( mu kubaka , mu gutwara ibinyabiziga n’ibindi)

i) kurya ibiryo bigabanya ibiro

j) kujya kwa muganga mu gihe ugize uburwayi bw'uburwayi

## Amashakiro
Kortwia-Abodom

**Kortwia-Abodom** ni agace gaherereye mu karere k'ubrengerazuba bwa Amansie, mu karere ka Ashanti muri Gana . 

## Amashakiro
Igihango

ijambo igihango risobanura amahame ngengamitekerereze cyangwa ngengamigenzereze y'abantu, abakurambere babo baba barashyizemo imitsindo yo kubanisha Abantu mu mibereho izira icyasha. 

## Amashakiro
Indwari

**UMUNSI W`INTWARI MU URWANDA**

Ubutwari 2023 U Rwanda rurizihiza  umunsi w`Intwari kunshuro ya 29.

Burimwaka taliki1 Gashyantare abanyarwanda n`inshuti z`u Rwanda  bizihiza  umunsi w`intwari.

U Rwanda rwibuka  intwari zarwo mu rwego rwokuziha icyubahiro no

gutera ishyaka abakiri bato kugirango nabo bazabe intwari mubindi bihe. 

ubusanzwe  mu Rwanda  intwari zirimubyiciro bitatu ari byo:Imanzi, Imena n`Ingenzi.

**INTWARI NI MUNTU KI?**

intwari ni uumtu ukurikirana ibyo yiyemeje

kugeraho bikavamo igikorwa cyikirenga gifitiye abandi akamaro ,

akabikora mu bupfura, mu kwihangana no mu bwitange buhebuje 

kandi akirinda ubugwari mu migirire ye, ntagamburuzwe namananiza.

**ANDI MAKURU ARAMBUYE WAYASHAKIRA HANO**

https://www.google.com/search?q=inyarwanda+ubutwari+2022&rlz=1C1HLDY_enRW955RW955&ei=bwLQY4roCcvVkdUP2_adwAs&ved=0ahUKEwjK25LJy-D8AhXLaqQEHVt7B7gQ4dUDCA8&uact=5&oq=inyarwanda+ubutwari+2022&gs_lcp=Cgxnd3Mtd2l6LXNlcnAQAzIFCCEQoAE6CggAEEcQ1gQQsANKBAhBGABKBAhGGABQtgZYlSlgsEloAXABeACAAdAYiAGSJZIBCTMtMi4yLjktMZgBAKABAcgBAsABAQ&sclient=gws-wiz-serp
Intwari yu urwanda

**AMATEKA**

Major General Fred Gisa RWIGEMA 

yaranzwe nubwitange buhebuje  ubwo yayoboraga ingabo

za FPR Inkotanyi kurugamba rwo kubohora u Rwanda

mu mwaka wa 1990 nyuma akarugwaho. yabereye abandi 

urugero rwiza rwubwitange bashobora gukurikiza.

**INKOMOKO YE**

yavukiye i Mukiranze mu karere ka kamonyi mu ntara ya amajyepfo

ku wa 10 Mata 1957. Ni mwene Anastasi kimonyo na Gatarina Mukandilima.

yashakanye na Jeannette Urujeni  basezerana ku wac 20 kamena 1987.

babyaranye abana babiri aribo Gisa Junior na Gisa teta .

yatabarutse ku wa 2 ukwakira 1990 i kagitumba mu karere kanyagatare

mu ntara yiburasirazuba agwa ku rugamba amaze gutangiza intambara

yo kubohora u Rwanda.

Ni intwari iri mu cyiciro cy`imanzi yagaragaje umutima  wa kigabo mu

rwego ruhebuje mumibereho ye yose.

*Amakuru arambuye ajyanye n` intwara z` u Rwanda.*
Umunezero

## UMUNEZERO
hakurikijwe ubushakashatsi butandukanye bwagiye bukorwa,

abahanga bagerageje gusobanura  UMUNEZERO.

bavugako ,UMUNEZERO arimugari kandi uharanirwa http://ubuzima.bangmedia.org/2012/02/umunezero-ni-iki-wawugeraho-ute.html#axzz7rOe3KV5J

## TWAKURAMO IKI M 'UMUNEZERO?

UMUNEZERO uduha ubuzima bwiza ,tukaba twatekereza neza ,

ntarwara yubwonko cg ingaruka mubuzima bwacu bwa burimunsi.

ubushakashatsi kandi nanone bwavuze ko ,kuba mumwanya wanone 

kuticira imanza , nogukora ibikorwa byurukundo nabyo bizana urukundo.https://amagara.mystrikingly.com/blog/icyo-ubushakashatsi-buvuga-kugushaka-umunezero
IManizabayo Florence

**Imanizabayo Florence**  avuka mu Karere ka Rubavu, ni bucura mu muryango w’abana bane. Imanizabayo Florence ni umukinnyi akaba ari rutahizamu wa ikipe ya Kampala Queens FC yo muri Uganda, ni ikipe ikinamo abagore gusa ya KCCA aho ikina Shampiyona y’Icyiciro cya Mbere muri Uganda Yashinzwe mu 2016, ikaba yeregukana Igikombe cya Shampiyona, ibyo bikaba biyihesha kuzasohokera igihugu cya Uganda mu mikino ya CAF Women’s Champions League. yasinyiye mu gihe cyigera ku myaka ibili 2, ni nyuma yo kuva mw' ikipe ya Rayon Sports Women Football Club.  yatsinze ibitego 60 mu mwaka we wa mbere muriyo ikipe, aho yayifashije iyi kipe kwegukana Igikombe cya Shampiyona y’Icyiciro cya Kabiri mu mwaka wayo wa mbere mu Rwanda no kugera ku mukino wa nyuma mu gikombe cy'amahoro na AS Kigali  y'abagore ibitego 3 kuri 2. Florence ni umukinnyi wa Ikipe y’Igihugu y’u Rwanda y'umupira w'amaguru y'abagore .

## GUKINA UMUPIRA
Imanizabayo Florence umupira w’amaguru yawutangiye yiga mu mashuri abanza mu Karere ka Rubavu,  ubwo umutoza wamufashije kuzamura impano z’abato, witwa ’Vigoureux’. Yakiniye amakipe ya Remera Rukoma, ayivamo yinjira muri AS Kigali yakiniye imyaka itanu, aza kubengukwa na Rayon Sports Women Football Club.

## AMASHAKIRO
Budisime

**Budisime** (Buddhism) ni idini na filozofiya byateye imbere bivuye ku nyigisho za Budha. 

Budha yari umwarimu w’umuhinde wabaga mu majyaruguru yUbuhinde hagati yikinyejana cya 6 na hagati ya 5 MIC. Kuva mu Buhinde kugera muri Aziya yo hagati no mu majyepfo y'uburasirazuba bwa Aziya, Ubushinwa, Koreya, n'Ubuyapani, Budisime yagize uruhare runini mu mibereho y'umwuka, umuco, n'imibereho ya Aziya, kandi, guhera mu kinyejana cya 20, ikwira mu Burengerazuba.

## Reba
Ashoka

**Ashoka** (304 - 232 BGC) yari umwami wa gatatu w'ingoma ya Maurya yo ku mugabane w'Ubuhinde mu 268 gushika 232 BGC. 

Ingoma ye yari ifite igice kinini cy’umugabane w’Ubuhinde, guhera kuri Afuganisitani y'ubu mu burengerazuba kugera muri Bangladesh y'ubu mu burasirazuba, n'umurwa mukuru wa Pataliputra. Yari umurinzi w'Ababuda. ashimirwa ko yagize uruhare runini mu gukwirakwiza Budisime muri Aziya ya kera.

## Reba
Ibingira Fred

## Gen (Rtd)Fred Ibingira
Retired General Ibingira Fred yavutse mu mwaka wi 1964 avukira mugihugu cyabaturanyi cya Uganda ubwo bari mu buhungiro

akaba ari naho yize amashuri asanzwe ahitwa Gisozi senior secondary school muri Uganda

### Imirimo ye numwuga
Ibingira Fred yagiye akora imirimo itandukanye mu mwuga we wa Gisirikare harimo nko kuyobora Batayo zitandukanye nka

Mu 1987,yabae  Umuyobozi wa Platon Mu 1988,nabwo aba Umuyobozi w'ikigo cya gisirikare, Mu 1989 nabwo aba Umuyobozi wungirije wa Batayo 7 BN Mugihe cy'intambara yo kwibohora; yabaye umuyobozi wungirije wa batayo wungirije Task Force A mu 1990 Mu 1991 aba Komanda Batayo 7 , muri uwo mwaka kandi yabaye Komanda wa batayo A Mobile Force.  

### Indi mirimo yakoze
Kuva mu mwaka wa 2003 kugeza 2010  yabaye Umuyobozi wa Diviziyo 1Div. umwanya yari afite kugeza agizwe Umuyobozi mukuru w'ingabo

mu Rwanda.

##### Umuryango we
Gen Ibingira yashakanye na Marie Claire Munganyinka bafitanye abana batatu.

kugeza akaba ari mu basirikare bakuru, Perezida wa Repubulika aherutse kwemera ubusabe bwabo bwo gusezera mu ngabo. Rwanda (Reserve Forces)

###### Reba Hano
Rayon Sports Women Football Club

**Rayon sport ni ikipe ubundi bamwe bakunda kwita gikundiro. Rayon sport yashinzwe muri gicurasi 1965 kuri stade regionale i kigali .**

**Rayon Sports Women Football Club** ni ikipe y'umupira w'amaguru ikaba iri muri Shampiyona yu Rwanda m’Icyiciro cya Kabiri mu Bagore. Ikipe ya Rayon Sports ya bagore ikaba yegukanye igikombe cya Shampiyona y’icyiciro cya kabiri mu mupira w’amaguru w’abagore, ni umukino w'abereye kuri Sitade ya Bugesera , aho yatsinze ikipe y’Indahangarwa byari bihanganye, akaba aricyo gikombe cy'ambere itwaye kuva yashingwa .

## abakinnyi ba rayon sports y'abagore

* Sifa 
* Dorothée 
* Izabayo 
* Alice 
* Mukeshimana 
* Joseline 
* Jeannette .

## Amashakiro.
Sam Kaka

Sam Kaka Ubundi Amazinaye Ni:Sam Kanyemera wamenyekanye kwizina rya kaka.

Sam Kaka Yari Umusirikare mu Ngabo zurwanda RDF.

Sam Kaka Yavuye Mu Gisirikare afite ipeti rya Generali Major (Major General).

Sam Kaka Kanyemera Yabaye umugaba mukuru W'Ingabo Z'Urwanda.

## Amashuri Yize.
Rtd Sam Kaka Yabonye Impamya Bumenyi yikirenga mu Mategeko mpuzamahanga Mpanabyaha.https://www.kigalitoday.com/uburezi/amashuri/article/sam-kaka-yabonye-impamyabumenyi-y-ikirenga-mu-mategeko-mpuzamahanga
Urugamba Rwokubohora Igihugu cy'u Rwanda Kagitumba

Urugamba rwo kubohora igihugu
U Rwanda rwizihiza umunsi wo kwibohora byakozwe n’ingabo za RPA zari zishamikiye kumuryango FPR-Inkotanyi watangije igikorwa tariki ya 1 Ukwakira mu mwaka 1990.FPR(Rwanda Patriotic Front).

## Ibyaranze Urugamba rwokubohora Igihugu
Ni igikorwa cyatangirijwe kumupaka wa Kagitumba kuri ubu uherereye mu Karere ka Nyagatare mu Murenge wa Matimba, ahagana saa yine z’amanywa ngo nibwo isasu rya mbere ryumvikanye ry’izi ngabo zari iza RPA.Izi ngabo za RPA zari zigizwe n’urubyiruko rw’abanyarwanda bari barambiwe kuba mu buzima bw’ubuhunzi kuko bari barirukanwe mu Rwanda mu mwaka 1959 bazizwa ko ari abatutsi.Nyuma yo gutera ngo uwari ubayoboye ariwe Maj Gen Gisa Fred Rwigema yabasabye kwiyambura amapeti ya Uganda ubundi bakarangamira kuzambikwa ay’igihugu cyabo bari bamaze kwinjiramo.Hakurikiyeho kubacamo ibice cyangwa ibyobita batayo iya mbere n’iya kane aziha kwerekeza umuhanda Kagitumba Kigali, iya gatandatu n’iya cyenda zikata ku ruhande mu muhanda werekeza Kagitumba Nyagatare.

## Amashakiro
Abana b'Inyange

## Ubutwari bw'abana b'Inyange mu [[Rwanda]]
Ishuri ryisumbuye ry'Inyange riri mucyahoze ari kivumu muri perefegitura ya kibuye ubu akaba ari mu  karere ka ngororero, iri shuri ryaranzwe  kandi rimenyekana cyane mugihe abacengezi bateraga u Rwanda mu mwaka wa 1997, ubwo abana bahigaga banze kwitandukanya mu moko bashaka kwica abatutsi maze bakabwira abacengezi ko bose ari abanyarwanda, bikabaviramo no kwicwa bamwe.

## Ibikorwa by'ubutwari
Mu mwaka wa 1997 nibwo abacengezi binjiye muri iryo shuri maze basaba abana kwitandukana bagira bati abatusi ukwabo n'abahutu ukwabo, maze abana nabo basubiza bagira bati twe turi abanyarwanda, hari hashize imyaka itatu (3) Genocide yakorewe abatutsi mu Rwanda irangiye, bivuzengo ibikomere ndetse n'ingaruka byari bikiri mu banyarwanda gusa uburere n'indangagaciro abarezi babo ndetse n'umuryango FPR INKOTANYI bari bamaze kubatoza, byatumye abana bafata umwanzuro wo kutitandukanya bemera kwitwa abanyarwanda bose bimika ndi Umunyarwanda, bemera gushyira hamwe no gutabarana batitaye kungaruka zari bukurikire.

### Ibyaranze bamwe muribo
Amakuru avugako harimo umwana wari ufite papa we umubyara wari ufungiye ibyaha bya Genocide yakorewe abatutsi, maze ubwo abacengezi binjiraga umwana amenyamo umwe maze amusaba imbabazi ngo abababarire ntibicwe, maze umucengezi nawe amusaba kumutandukanyiriza abatutsi umwana nawe aratsemba avuga ko bose ari abanyarwanda.

### Intandaro
Abana b'Inyange baje kwigira inama yo gusohoka biruka batabaza, kugirango bamenyeshe n'abandi ko batewe maze bahunge, nuko abacengezi babateramo gerenade ihitana abagera kuri batandatu (6) abandi barakomereka bikabije.

## Kugeza ubu
Kugeza ubu mu Rwanda hari ubyiciro bigera kuri bitatu by'Intwari  aribyo: IMANZI, IMENA, n'INGENZI. Akaba ari bamwe mubagize ubutwari bwo kurinda u Rwanda n'abanyarwanda birengagije inyungu zabo bwite.

## IMENA
Imena nicyo kiciro abana b'Inyange babarizwamo kugeza ubu, kubera ubutwari bagaragaje no gushyigikira

ubunyarwanda batitaye kunyungu zabo bwite kugeza ubwo bibaviriyemo kwitwa Intwari z'igihugu.

##### ''INDANGANTURO''


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David Rwabinumi

David Rwabinumi Umunyarwanda wabaye mungabo Z'Urwanda Aho yarari Munkotanyi  600 zari munteko ishinga amategeko y'urwanda (CND). Mugihe cya Genocide yakorewe abatutsi Muri Mata 1994.

Murugamba rwo kubohora igihugu David Rwabinumi niwe wakoreshaga imbunda Yubakiwe ikimenyetso kugisenge cy'iyi nyubako.https://www.kigalitoday.com/umutekano/imbere-mu-gihugu/article/ganira-na-rtd-maj-david-rwabinumi-wazahaje-inzirabwoba-arashisha-iyi-mbunda

David Rwabinumi Ubu akaba yaravuye mugisirikare cy'urwanda afite ipeti rya Major (RTD Major David Rwabinumi).

## Ibirushijeho.
https://www.kigalitoday.com/umutekano/imbere-mu-gihugu/article/ganira-na-rtd-maj-david-rwabinumi-wazahaje-inzirabwoba-arashisha-iyi-mbunda
Mukambaraga Beatrice

Ku mugoroba w’itariki 18 Werurwe 1997, abanyeshuri bigaga mu mwaka wa gatanu n’uwa gatandatu mu Ishuri ryisumbuye ry’i Nyange, batewe n’abacengezi babasaba kwitandukanya bakurikije amoko, abanyeshuri basubiriza rimwe bati: “Twese turi Abanyarwanda”, bibabera intandaro yo kuraswa, bamwe bahasiga ubuzima, abandi barakomereka.

Mukambaraga Beatrice ni umwe mu babuze ubuzima muri icyo gitero, ariko ku bwo kwimakaza ubunyarwanda bashyirwa mu Ntwari z’igihugu icyiciro cy’Imena.

## Imva y’imwe mu Mena zishyinguye i Nyange.
Buri tariki ya mbere Gashyantare, u Rwanda rwibuka intwari zaharaniye inyungu z’u Rwanda n’Ubunyarwanda kurusha inyungu zabo bwite, cyangwa iz’abantu bamwe. Intwari z’u Rwanda zirimo ibyiciro bitatu: Imanzi, Imena n’Ingenzi.

Zimwe mu ntwari z’u Rwanda harimo Maj. Gen. Gisa Fred Rwigema, Umwami Mutara Rudahigwa, Agathe Uwiringiyimana, Felicite Niyitegeka, Michel Rwagasana n’abana bigaga mu ishuri ryisumbuye ry’i Nyange mu mwaka w’1997.

## Reba aha
Jackson Rwahama

## LT CORONEL Jackson Rwahama
Lt coloneri Rwahama ni umwe mu ngabo zigihugu zagize uruhare mu rugamba rwo guhagarika Genocide yakorewe abatutsi

mu Rwanda mu mwaka wi 1994 gusa kuri ubu akaba ari mungabo zavuye kurugerero.

### Amateka
Lt coroneli Rwahama Jackson uretse kuba yaragize uruhare muguhagarika Genocide yakorewe abatutsi mu Rwanda

adaharaniyye inyyungu ze yaje no kwitirirwa agace kamwe mumuji wa Kigali ahazwi nko kwa Rwahama kuko ari umwe

mubahazamuye inzu umuturirwa bwa mbere mu mwaka wi 1995 Genocide ikirangira

### Indi mirimo
Lt Coronel Jackson Rwahama yayoboye kenshi ingabo zu Rwanda mu gihe cyo kubohora igihugu

Rwahama kandi yabae umuyobozi mukuru wubutasi bwa Gisirikare mu Rwanda (RPA)

### REBA
Tuyisenge Eric

**Tuyisenge Eric** (wavutse ku ya 25 Ugushyingo 1990) bakunze kwita ***Cantona*** yahoze ari umukinnyi w'umupira w'amaguru ukomoka mu Rwanda. Kugeza ubu ni umuyobozi ushinzwe ibikoresho (Kit manager) mu ikipe yumupira w'amaguru y'igihugu y'u Rwanda .    

## Ubuzima bwambere & Umwuga
Eric wavutse mu 1990 i Remera hafi ya stade Amahoro, yatangiriye urugendo rwe rw'umupira w'amaguru mu ikipe y'abato ya Espérance FC nyuma aza kwinjira mu ikipe yabato ya Les Citandins muri iki gihe AS Kigali FC .  Tuyisenge yatangiye umwuga we nk'umuyobozi ushinzwe ibikoresho muri 2012 muri Isonga Fc, ikipe yashinzwe nyuma y’igikombe cyisi cya FIFA U17 2011 muri Mexico .   Mu mwaka wa 2011, Eric yatoranijwe bwa mbere nk'umuyobozi ushinzwe ibikoresho mu itsinda rya tekinike ry’agateganyo ry’u Rwanda U-20, kuva icyo gihe akora nk'umuyobozi ushinzwe ibikoresho mu ikipe y'u Rwanda U17, U20 na U23.  Mu 2022, yatangajwe ku muyobozi wa kit mu ikipe nkuru y'umupira w'amaguru yu Rwanda.   

## Reba
Twahirwa ludovic

Twahirwa Iudovic wamenyekanye nka Coronel Dodo ni umwe mubasirikare bagize uruhare mu rugamba rwo 

kubohora igihugu kuva mu mwaka wi 1990 mu Rwanda ubwo ingabo za RPF zinjiraga mu Rwanda ari umwe 

mubimbere kuko ari afite ipete rya Kapieni yaherewe mugihugu cy'abaturanyye Uganda

## Twahirwa Ludovic(Coronel Dodo)
Twahirwa ni umwe mungabo zagize uruhare mu rugamba rwo kubohora igihugu kuva mu mwaka wi 1990

kandi yari umwe mubimbere barongoye ingabo zu Rwanda yiteguye gukora buri kimwe habe no guhara ubuzima

ariko igihugu nabanyarwanda batabarwe kandi atitaye kunyungu ze bwite. 

### Uko yinjiye mu mwuga we w'Igisirikare
Coronel Dodo yavukiye mu gihugu cyabaturanyi Uganda ahagana mu mwaka wi 1960 kubabyeyi bimpunzi

z'abanyarwanda mu majyaruguru ya Uganda yavutse iwabo ari abatunzi boroyye Inka nyinshi gusa yaje

gutangira ubuzima bushya mu mwaka wi 1981 ubwo Yinjiraga mu gisirikare cya Uganda mu myyaka isaga

itandatu gusa (6) yari ahawe ipei rya Kapiteni kubera ibikorwa bye byyindashyikirwa ni ntambara nyinshi

arwaniye mugihugu cya Uganda

#### Imirimoye kuri Ubu
Coronel Dodo kandi numwe mubagize uruhare mu bikorwa byubutwari nkaho yatangije  ibikorwa by'ingendo

Rusange mumujyi wa Kigali byo gutwara abantu ndetse no hanze y'Umujyi wa Kigali ahasaga mu mwaka 

wi 1999 nyuma yo kujya mu kiruhuko kizabukuru mu mwaka wi 1998

#### Reba hano
Urwego rushinzwe intwari z'igihugu, imidari n'impeta by'ishimwe

= **Amavu n'amavuko** =
Urwego rw'igihugu rushinzwe intwari z'ighugu, imidari n'impeta by'ishimwe rwabayeho nyuma y'inama y'abaminisitiri yateranye ku italiki 31 Ukuboza 1995, igashyiraho komisiyo yari ifite inshingano zirimo:

* Kugaragaza  ibizashingirwaho kugirango hamenyekane Intwari  z’Igihugu izo ari zo;
* Gutegura umushinga w’Itegeko rigenga ibyerekeye Intwari z’Igihugu;
* Gushaka umunsi ubereye kwizihizaho Intwari z’ u Rwanda.

Iyi komisiyo yaje gusoza inshingano yari yahawe igaragaje ko intwari z'u Rwanda zikwiriye gushyirwa mu byiciro bitatu aribyo **Imena**, **Imanzi**, n**'Ingenzi**. ndetse yemeje ko umunsi uboneye wo kwizihizaho umunsi w'intwari ari **01 Gashyantare** buri mwaka. Inama y’Abaminisitiri yo ku ya 09 Ukuboza 2001, yemeje Intwari 53 z’Ikubitiro, izishyira mu byiciro 2 ari byo Imanzi n’Imena.

= **Inshingano** =

* Kugira uruhare mu igenwa rya politiki yerekeye Intwari z’Igihugu n’itangwa ry’Imidari y’ ishimwe;
* Gukora ubushakashatsi ku bikorwa by’ubutwari n’abavugwaho ubutwari, n’ibindi bikorwa by’ingirakamaro;
* Kugaragaza no gushyira ku rutonde abakwiye kugirwa Intwari z’Igihugu n’abakwiye guhabwa Imidari y’ishimwe hashingiwe ku biteganywa n’Itegeko ribigenga;
* Gutegura uburyo bwo gushima, gushimira no kurata Abanyarwanda cyangwa abanyamahanga baranzwe n’ibikorwa by’ubutwari n’ibindi bikorwa by’ingirakamaro kandi bihebuje;
* Gufatanya n’izindi nzego kwigisha no gukangurira Abanyarwanda, cyane cyane urubyiruko, umuco w’ubutwari;
* Kwamamaza ibikorwa by’ubutwari;
* Gutegura indangagaciro z’umuco w’ubutwari;
* Gukorana n’izindi nzego bihuje inshingano ku rwego rw’Akarere cyangwa ku rwego Mpuzamahanga.

## '''Icyerekezo'''
Uru rwego rufite icyerekezo cyo  gushyiraho uburyo bwo kugaragaza, gushima, gushimira no kurata Abanyarwanda cyangwa abanyamahanga baranzwe n’ubutwari n’ibindi bikorwa bihebuje byagiriye u Rwanda akamaro ku buryo biba urugero rwiza, nkuko bigenwa n'itegeko N° 13 bis /2009 ryo kuwa 16/06/2009 rigena Inshingano, Imiterere n’Imikorere by’Urwego rushinzwe Intwari z’Igihugu, Imidari n’Impeta by’Ishimwe.

= Reba Aha =