Ubuhinzi ubwiza bw' ikirere

**Ubuhinzi [[Ubuhinzi|bw’ikirere]]**  (cyangwa **ubuhinzi bwangiza ikirere** ) ni inzira ihuriweho yo gucunga ibibanza bifasha guhuza uburyo bw’ubuhinzi, amatungo n’ibihingwa n’ingaruka z’imihindagurikire y’ikirere, nkaho bishoboka, bikayirwanya hagabanywa ibyuka bihumanya ikirere biva mu buhinzi, icyarimwe hitawe ku baturage biyongera ku isi kugira ngo babashe kwihaza mu biribwa .  Ntabwo hibandwa gusa ku buhinzi bwa karubone cyangwa ubuhinzi burambye, ahubwo no kongera umusaruro w’ubuhinzi . "bijyanye n'icyerekezo ku biribwa n'ubuhinzi birambye kandi ishyigikira intego yo gukora ubuhinzi, amashyamba n'uburobyi kurushaho gutanga umusaruro kandi birambye".  

## Uburyo no gusuzuma
Ishami rishinzwe ibiribwa n’ubuhinzi ryagaragaje ko ibikoresho byinshi by’ibihugu n’abantu ku giti cyabo muburyo bwo gusuzuma, kugenzura no gusuzuma ibice bigize murigahunda ya CSA no kuyishyira mu bikorwa na FAO. Bimwe muri ibyo bikoresho birimo: 

# Uburyo bwo kwerekana ingaruka ku buhinzi bw’imihindagurikire y’ibihe (MOSAICC): Ubu buryo bwo kwerekana imiterere bufasha ibihugu gukora isuzuma ry’ingaruka z’imihindagurikire y’ikirere ku buhinzi binyuze mu bigereranyo.
# Icyitegererezo cy’isuzuma ry’ibidukikije ku isi (GLEAM): Ibi bigereranya imikoranire y’ibikorwa n’ibikorwa bigira uruhare mu kubyaza amatungo (amata n’inyama) n’ibidukikije. Icyitegererezo cyateguwe hagamijwe gusuzuma ibyiciro byinshi byangiza ibidukikije, nko gusohora ibyuka bihumanya ikirere, intungamubiri n’amazi, imikoreshereze y’ubutaka no kwangirika kw’ubutaka n’imikoranire y’ibinyabuzima.
# Isuzuma rirambye rya gahunda y'ibiribwa n'ubuhinzi (SAFA): Amabwiriza ya SAFA ni urwego rwo gusuzuma imikorere irambye mu rwego rw'ibiribwa n'ubuhinzi, harimo umusaruro w'amatungo n'ubworozi, amashyamba n'uburobyi. Gukurikirana no gusuzuma ibikorwa bishyiraho umurongo ngenderwaho, gusobanura ibipimo, gupima iterambere no gusuzuma intsinzi n'ibitagenda neza mubikorwa bya CSA. 
# Ubukungu n’udushya dushya mu buhinzi bw’ikirere (EPIC): Porogaramu ikorana na guverinoma, za kaminuza, ibigo by’ubushakashatsi n’abandi bafatanyabikorwa b’ibigo mu rwego rwo gushyigikira kwimukira muri CSA binyuze mu isesengura ry’ubukungu na politiki. Irabikora mu kumenya no guhuza politiki y’ubuhinzi-bworozi-mwimerere, ingaruka zisesengura, ingaruka, ibiciro ninyungu kimwe nogushigikira nimbogamizi mugukurikiza imikorere yubuhinzi bwangiza ikirere.
# Ex-Ante Carbon-balance Tool (EX-ACT): Ubu buryo bwo gusuzuma bwakozwe na FAO. Mu cyiciro cyo guteza imbere umushinga, itanga ex-ante igereranya ingaruka zubuhinzi n’iterambere ry’amashyamba, gahunda na politiki kuri karubone.
# Imicungire y’imihindagurikire y’ibihe (CRM): Ubu buryo bukomatanyije bukemura ibibazo biterwa n’imihindagurikire y’ikirere mu gihe gito n’imihindagurikire y’ikirere mu gihe kirekire mu rwego rw’iterambere rirambye. Ikintu cyingenzi kigize CRM ya FAO gikubiyemo gutanga amakuru y’ikirere n’ikirere ku bahinzi, abarobyi n’aborozi borozi kugira ngo basuzume ingaruka kugira ngo amahirwe arusheho kunozwa.
# Ihame ry'uburinganire : Kugirango tugere kuri CSA muburyo burambye; hakenewe gusobanukirwa uruhare, ubushobozi ninshingano byabagabo nabagore kugirango barebe kimwe kuri politiki nibikorwa bya CSA.
# Gukurikirana no gusuzuma ibyuka bihumanya ikirere hamwe n’ibishobora kugabanuka mu buhinzi (MAGHG): Uyu mushinga uri muri gahunda ya MICCA (Kugabanya imihindagurikire y’ibihe mu buhinzi). Muri uyu mushinga, ibihugu bigize uyu muryango bishyigikirwa mu gukusanya no gutanga amakuru ku bijyanye n’ibyuka bihumanya ikirere mu buhinzi, amashyamba n’indi mikoreshereze y’ubutaka (AFOLU) ku bijyanye na UNFCCC ibisabwa bijyanye na raporo.

## Reba