Ubworozi bw'Ingurube

Ubworozi bw'Ingurube tugiye kurebera hamwe uko tumenya amoko yazo, uko zororwa kijyambere n'ibiryo byazo.

## AKAMARO KO KORORA INGURUBE
Mu matungo yose yororerwa mu rugo, ingurube ni ryo tungo ribyazwa umusaruro utubutse, ibyo iba yariye kurusha ayandi matungo, kubera ko uko irya ari na ko yiyongera ibiro byinshi kandi vuba; ni ukuvuga ko ibiryo byose iriye biyiyoboka. Ingurube irya ibiryo byose uyihaye : ibisigazwa byo mu gikoni, ibiryo bikomoka ku bikatsi, ibituruka ku mavuta, ku muceri, ku masukari, ku bworozi bw’amafi kandi bikayigirira akamaro. Ibyo bishobora kuzuzwa n’inyama, ibyatsi, ibinyampeke n’imbuto.

Ingurube imwe n’ibibwana byayo bishobora kugera ku musaruro munini ku mwaka iyo ari ubwoko bwiza kandi zigaburirwa neza. Ingurube ishobora gutanga ibiro by’inyama bingana n’igihumbi na magana atandatu mu mwaka (kg 1.600).

## Amoko y’ingurube yororerwa mu Rwanda

### '''1.''' '''Ubwoko bw’ingurube nyarwanda:'''
Ingurube nyarwanda igira uruhu rw’umukara, rimwe na rimwe uvanze n’amabara y’umweru. Agahanga ni kagufi, ikinwa ni kirekire, amatwi ni matoya akaba yemye cyangwa aryamye ariko ntatendera. Uruti rwayo ni ruto, amaguru ni maremare kandi afite umubyimba muto.

Ubu bwoko burwanya indwara, bwihanganira ubushyuhe, bwemera indyo iyo ari yo yose.

Ubwo bwoko bw’ingurube bubwagura hagati y’ibibwana 8-10, bubwagura kabiri mu mwaka. Urubyaro rwa mbere ruboneka ingurube ifite umwaka n’igice (amezi 18) cyangwa imyaka ibiri (amezi 24). Iyo ngurube ikura buhoro, igira ibiro 120 yujuje umwaka n’igice. Inenge yayo yindi ni uko iyo ikuze igira ibinure byinshi, bigatuma umusaruro ugabanuka, na yo igata agaciro.

## '''2. Ubwoko bw’ingurube zifite ibara ryera (Large White)'''
ubwo bwoko bufite uruhu rwera, agahanga kanini gacuritse, ikinwa kinini, amatwi ni manini kandi arahagaze ; bufite umubiri munini ugizwe n’inyama nyinshi, amaguru yabwo ni manini kuko agizwe n’inyama nyinshi. Ubwo bwoko bugerageza kurwanya indwara, ariko busaba kugaburirwa neza cyane.

Ubwo bwoko bw’ingurube bubwagura hagati y’ibibwana 10-12, kabiri mu mwaka. Iyo ngurube ibwagura ubwa mbere ifite amezi 12, ikura vuba, igira ibiro 70 ku mezi 5, itanga umusaruro w’inyama mwiza cyane, ariko ikenera isuku no kugaburirwa neza cyane.

## '''3. Ubwoko bwitwa Landrace (soma Landiresi)'''
na bwo bufite uruhu rwera, agahanga karekare kandi kabyimbye, amatwi manini atendera. Umubiri wayo ni muremure ugereranyije n’ingurube y’ibara ryera (Large White).

Ubwo bwoko ntibufite ubushobozi buhagije bwo kurwanya indwara ariko umusaruro ni mwiza cyane kurusha n’uw’ingurube y’ibara ryera (Large White). Umubiri w’iyo ngurube ni muremure haba mu butambike cyangwa mu buhagarike

## '''4. Andi moko y’ibyimanyi'''

Large White+Inyarwanda• : Irwanya indwara kandi itanga umusaruro ushimishije iyo igaburiwe neza.

Large White+Landrace• + Duroc: Ubwo bwoko buherutse kugera mu Rwanda buturutse muri Irlande (soma Irilande) burwanya indwara kandi butanga umusaruro mwiza.
## Ikiraro cy’Ingurube
Mu kiraro hakenerwa umwanya wo kwinyagamburiramo, umwuka mwiza, isuku, ahantu hakomeye kandi hari n’umuyaga.

Ibipimo by’ikiraro

Imbyeyi n’ibibwana byayo : m-2 10

Inyagazi : m-2 2,5

Imfizi : m-2 15

Ingurube zikonnye : m-2 2

Ikiraro gishobora kubakwa n’ibiti mu mwanya w’matafari ahiye hasi agakoresha beto ku bipimo bingana n’umufuka 1 w’isima ku mifuka 2 y’umucanga n’imifuka 3 y’amabuye mato mato. Ushyiramo ubuhaname kugira ngo amaganga ajye asohoka aho

Imbehe n’igikoresho cyo kunyweramo

Imbehe n’igikoresho cyo kunyweramo bigomba kuba bikozwe mu giti gikomeye. Ibyiza ni ukubikora mu giti kiremereye ku buryo ingurube itagisunika ngo gihirime igihe cyose ishakiye. Ibyo bikorwa mu ishusho y’umuvure mutoya.

## Indwara ya muryamo mu Ingurube

Muryamo y’ingurube ni indwara iterwa na virus izwi nka African Swine Fever Virus, ikaba ifata ingurube zorowe ndetse n’ingurube zo mu gasozi. Ibimenyetso biyiranga ni umuriro mwinshi uri hejuru ya dogere Celcius mirongo ine, kunanirwa kurya, kunanirwa kugenda, gutitira, gutukura ku bice by’umutwe, ku nda no ku maboko n’amaguru uhereye ku bice by’imyanya myibarukiro.RAB yatangaje ko mu rwego rwo guhashya ubwo burwayi bwamaze kugaragara mu Rwanda, aborozi b’ingurube, Inzego z’Ibanze n’Abaturarwanda muri rusange bamenyeshwa ko indwara ya muryamo y’ingurube ari indwara y’icyorezo, kandi nta muti nta n’urukingo igira.Itegeko nº 54/2008 ryo kuwa. 10/09/2008 rigenga uburyo bwo kwirinda no kurwanya indwara zanduza amatungo mu Rwanda, riteganya ibihano ku muntu wese unyuranyije n’ibikubiye muri iri tegeko, birimo igifungo kiri hagati y’amezi atatu n’imyaka ibiri, n’ihazabu iri hagati y’amafaranga ibihumbi ijana (100,000) na miliyoni eshanu (5,000,000) cyangwa kimwe muri ibyo bihano.Aborozi barasabwa kwihutira kumenyesha umuvuzi w’amatungo ubegereye ku rwego rw’Umurenge mu gihe babonye bimwe mu bimenyetso byavuzwe haruguru ku ngurube boroye, barashishikarizwa gushyira ingurube zabo mu bwishingizi Leta yashyizemo Nkunganire.

## Reba