Roger Milla

**Albert Roger Miller** (wavutse kuya 20 Gicurasi 1952), uzwi kwizina rya **Roger Milla**, ni Umunyakameruni wahozari umukinnyi w'umupira w'amaguru wabigizumwuga wakinnye nk'umukinnyi wa mbere . Yari umwe mu bakinnyi ba mbere b'Abanyafurika babaye icyamamare gikomeye ku rwego mpuzamahanga. Yakinnye mu bikombe bitatu by'isi mwikipe y'igihugu ya Kameruni .

Yageze kurwegompuzamahanga afitimyaka 38, iyomyaka abakinnyibenshi barutahizamu bagiye mukiruhuko cy'izabukuru, atsindibitego bine mugikombe cy'isi cya FIFA cyo mu 1990, aba umukinnyi watsinze ibitego byinshi mu mateka y'igikombe cy'isi icyo gihe.     Yafashije Kameruni kuba ikipe ya mbere y'Afurika kugera murikimwe cyakane cy'irushanwa ry'igikombe cy'isi. Nyuma y'imyaka ine, afitimyaka 42, Milla yatsinze agahigoke nk'umukinnyi watsinze ibitego byinshi mu gikombe cy'isi ubwo yatsindaga Uburusiya mugikombe cy'isi cya FIFA cyo mu 1994. 

Milla yakundaga kwishimira ibitego yiruka kwibendera ry'imfuruka akanabyina imbyino isa n'iya lambada .  Mu 2004, Pelé yashyizwe kurutonde rwa FIFA rw'abakinnyi 100 bakomeye kwisi.  Mu 2007, Ishyirahamwe ry'Umupira w'Amaguru muri Afurika ryashyizeho Milla nk'umukinnyi mwiza w'umunyafurika mumyaka 50 ishize.  Mugihecyogusezera, yafatwaga nk'umukinnyi watsinze ibitego byinshi mukarere k'Afurika mu mikino yanyuma y'igikombe cy'isi cya FIFA aho yatsinze ibitego bitanu, kandagahigo kekaza gusimburwa n'umukinnyi wa Ghana Asamoah Gyan .

## Ubuzima bw'umuntu
Icyemezo cye cy'amavuko ndetse na pasiporo yebigaragaza koyitwa Roger Miller bitewe n'ikosa ry'umwanditsi nokutumvikana. Ababyeyibe bashakaga kumuhizina ry'umuryango wa nyirarume 'Milla' ubwo yavukaga. Yakundaga kwitwa Miller igihecyose yagaragaye mumikino mpuzamahanga ikomeye, impapuro z'ibarurishamibare zimuvugaho ubwo Miller yavugaga byinshi kuburyo izina ryeryari ryaravuzwe nabikandi rikamenyekana nabi mumiryango mpuzamahanga. Umuryangowe wimukiye i Douala afitimyaka 11. 

Se yakoraga kumihanda yagariyamoshi, naho Milla agiramahirwe yokuzenguruka igihugucyose inshuro nyinshi mubwanabwe. Yakuriye mumihanda ya Yaoundé kandiyakomokaga mumuryango usanzwe w’abantu bomucyiciro cy’abakene kuburyo ababyeyibe bashoboye kumuha uburere buhagije. Ariko, ababyeyibe ntibashimishijwenokubonako Milla arimogushakumupira w’amaguru, maze batangira kwanga kwemera ko umuhungu wabo akina umukino w’umupira w’amaguru. 

Yize ubuhanga bwogukinumupira w'amaguru atambayinkweto arikumwe n'abandi banamu mihanda y'igitaka nomumihanda, kandakenshi yakinagafite agacupa k'umuhondo cyangwa agacupa nk'uburyo bwo gusimbura umupira. Yari afite kandi akamenyero ko gutera indimu n'udutambaro dufatanye mumipira.  We n'abandi bana bagombaga gukinira mu bibuga byuzuye ivumbi kubera ko muri Kameruni nta mashuri y'abana yari yarashinze amashuri makuru y'umupira w'amaguru icyo gihe kandi muri Kameruni ntabibuga byiza byari bifite kandi nta n'ubushobozi bwo kugira abatoza bafite uburenganzira bwo kugira. Byagaragayeko Milla yakinagumupira w'amaguru murwegorwo kwidagaduragusa, kwishimisha no kwidagadura kandi ko atatekereje cyane kubigira umwuga we, maze akomeza kunoza ubuhanga bwe mumupira w'amaguru mubiruhuko by'ishuri. 

Roger Milla ubweyavuzeko yarangije amashuri yisumbuye arikibyoyavuze byanenzwe nabamwe mubanditsi bomuri Kameruni.  Afite abavandimwe batatu bafite amazina atandukanye nka Joseph Debouba, Jacques Edjanque na Alexandre Diboussi. Yagiye kureka siporo nyuma y'urupfu rwa nyina mu rugo mu gihe yakinaga umupira w'amaguru mukibuga cyakure ndetse nokubera ko umugorewe yaratwite ubwo aba bombi bari bategereje umwana wabo wa kabiri. 

## Umwuga w'ikipe

### Imyaka yo mu ntangiriro
Yakiniyikipe y’abanabatoya Eclair de Douala afitimyaka 13, yitabira amarushanwa y’ishuri gusa. Nyumayaje kwemeza ababyeyibe nyumayo kwitwara neza mumikino y’imyaka.

Yakinnye bwambere mwikipe y’abakuruya Eclair de Douala mucyiciro cyakabiri cya shampiyona ya Kameruni afitimyaka 15.  Nyuma y’imyakibiri, afitimyaka 17, yabayumukinnyi wa shampiyona yogusimbuka cyane mumashuriyo muri Kameruni.  Yasinyamasezerano mwikipe y’icyiciro cya mbere ya Léopard Douala mu 1970 afite imyaka 18, amaherezo yegukana ibikombe bitatu bya shampiyona ya Kameruni muriyokipe. Yanatsinze ibitego 89 mumikino 116 yakinnye muri Léopard Douala mu gihe cy’imyaka ine. Nyuma y’aho yerekeje muri Tonnerre Yaoundé mu 1974 nyuma y’imyaka ine amaze akinaneza muri Léopard Douala. Yatwayigikombe cy'Afurika cy’abatsinze ibikombe muri Tonnerre Yaoundé, naho mu ikipe ya Tonnerre Yaoundé atsinda ibitego 69 mu mikino 87.

### Kwimukira mu Bufaransa
Yimukiye mu Bufaransa afitimyaka 25 mu 1977 ahoyamaze imyaka 12 akiniramakipe atandukanye. Mu 1977, yakuruwe n'ikipe yomu Bufaransa ya Valenciennes ajya i Burayi. Aho yatsinzibitego 6 mumikino 28 ya shampiyona mumyakibiri. Mu 1979, yinjiye muri AS Monaco, aho yatwaye igikombe cy'Ubufaransa mu 1980 anatsinda ibitego 5 mumikino 25 ya shampiyona n'igikombe.  Yari yaragize ibibazo byinshi by'imvune mugihegito yamazemuri shampiyona, maze abayobozi b'ikipe ye bahitamo kumurekura mu mpera z'umwaka w'imikino. Umwaka wakurikiyeho, yinjiye muri Bastia, aho yamaze imyaka ine. Milla yatsinze ibitego 42 mu mikino 133 y'amarushanwa kandi yagize uruhare runini mu gufasha ikipe gutwara igikombe cy'Ubufaransa mu 1981.

Nyuma y’ahoyerekeje muri Saint-Etienne mu 1984, abumunyamuryango ukomeyew’iyikipe, yari irimo gukiranyuma y’ikibazo gikomeye cya ruswa mu 1982 ndetse no kumanuka mu cyiciro cya 2, nyuma yo kugurisha abakinnyi benshi bambere. Murirusange yakinnyimikino 69 muriyi kipe atsinda ibitego 36, anagira uruhare mugufasha iyikipe kongerakwinjira mucyiciro cyambere. Hanyuma yakinnye muri Montpellier kuva mu 1986 kugeza mu 1989, aho Milla yaje kuba umwe mu batoza b’iyi kipe nyuma yo gusezera mumupira w’amaguru mu Bufaransa. &#x5B; **' &#x5D;</sup> Mu mwakawe wambere w'imikino, Milla yatsinze ibitego 18 mumikino 33 isanzwe y'umwaka, byafashije Montpellier kugaruka mu cyiciro cya 1. Muri rusange, yatsinze ibitego 41 mu mikino 103 yakinnye muri Montpellier. 

=== Imyaka ya nyuma ===
Milla yavuye mumupira w'amaguru w'Abafaransa afitimyaka 37 mu 1989 ajya i [[Reyiniyo|Réunion]] mu Nyanja y'Abahinde ahoyakiniye JS Saint-Pierroise . Nyumayogutsinda mugikombe cy'isi, yasubiye i Tonnerre muri Kameruni mugihe cy'imyaka ine. Yarangije iminsiye akina mumakipabiri muri Indoneziya nyuma y'igikombe cy'isi cyomu 1994, asezerera muri uyu mukino mu mpera z'umwaka w'imikino wo mu 1996. Umubare w'ibitego yatsinze muri shampiyona yomuri Indoneziya warenze umubarew'imikino yari yarakinnye muri iryo rushanwa, aho ibitego 41 byabonetse mumikino 35 gusa mugihe cy'imyaka ibiri.

== Umwuga mpuzamahanga ==
Milla yakiniyikipe y'igihugu inshuro 77, atsinda ibitego 43.  Milla yakinnye bwambere muri Kameruni mu 1973 ubwo yakinaga na Zaire mumukino wogushaka itike yogukina igikombe cy'isi. 

Yakinnye imikino yeyambere mugikombe cy'isi mugikombe cy'isi gifatwa nk'icya mbere mwikipe ya Kameruni ubwoyegukanaga igikombe cy'isi cya FIFA cyo mu 1982 nyuma yo gutsinda imikino yombi ya nyuma bakina na Maroc mumikino yo guhatanira itike yo kujya mu gikombe cy'isi cya FIFA cyo mu 1982 mu karere ka Afurika . Milla yagize uruhare runini mugufasha Kameruni kwegukana itike yo kujya mu gikombe cy'isi cyo mu 1982, atsinda amanotamenshi mumikino yo guhatanira itike yokujya mugikombe cy'isi cya FIFA cyomu 1982 mumarushanwa yo guhatanira itike yo kujya mu karere ka Afurika.  Yahuye n'amarangamutima atandukanye mugikombe cy'isi cya FIFA cyo mu 1982, igitego cyatsinzwe na Peru mumukinowabo wambere. Kameruni yatsinzwe imikino itatu mu mikino itatu yomucyiciro cyambere. Nyuma y'imyakibiri, yarimwikipe yahatanaga mu mikino Olempike yo mu mpeshyi yo mu 1984 i Los Angeles, muri California . <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; **' &#x5D;

Milla yarumukinnyi w’ingenzi mwikipe ya Kameruni yegukanye igikombe cya Afurika cyo mu 1984 aho Kameruni yatsinze Nijeriya ibitego 3-1 ku mukino wa nyuma bituma Kameruni yegukana igikombecyambere cy’umugabane.  Yarumukinnyi ukomeye mwikipe ya Kameruni yaje ku mwanya wa kabiri nyuma ya Misiri ku mukino wa nyuma w’igikombe cya Afurika cyo mu 1986, kandi yahawe igihembo cy’umukinnyi mwiza muri iryo rushanwakuko yatsinze ibitego byinshi n’ibitego 4. Yanatoranyijwe mu ikipe y’igikombe cy'Afurika cyomu 1986. Yanabaye umukinnyi watsinze ibitego byinshi mugikombe cy'Afurika cyo mu 1988, atsinda ibitego 2 hamwe na Lakhdar Belloumi wo muri Alijeriya, Abdoulaye Traoré wo muri Ivory Coast na Gamal Abdelhamid wo muri Misiri. Yongeye kugira uruhare runini mu gutsinda kwa Kameruni mugikombe cya Afurika cyo mu 1988, kandi kubera uburyo yitwaye neza muri iryo rushanwa, yagizwe umukinnyi w’irushanwa, ndetse anashyirwa mwikipe y’igikombe cy'Afurika cyomu 1988.

Mu 1988, afitimyaka 36, Milla yizihije ikiruhuko cyecyogusezera kumupira w'amaguru mpuzamahanga, yizihiza yubile muri Kameruni.  Ariko, mu 1990, yahamagawe na Perezida wa Kameruni Paul Biya, wamwinginze ngwavemukiruhuko cy'izabukuru mpuzamahanga agaruke mu ikipe y'igihugu. Yarabyemeye, maze ajya mu Butaliyani mu ikipe ya *Indomitable Lions* mu gikombe cy'isi cyo mu 1990, aho yateraga igitangaza. Byagaragaye ko Paul Biya yashakaga ko Milla akina mu gikombe cy'isi nyuma yo kureba Milla akina mumukino w'urukundo wabereye i Douala aho Milla yatsinze ibitego bibiri.  Nyumayogushimangira kwa Perezida wa Kameruni, Milla yahisemo kugaruka mu mupira w'amaguru mpuzamahanga atanga itangazo ku mugaragaro muri Gicurasi 1990. 

Bivugwa kandiko abenshi mubakinnyi bakinana muri Kameruni ndetse n'umutoza mukuru w'igihugu Valery Nepomnyashchy ukomokamu Burusiya batashakaga ko Milla aba mu gikombe cy'isi cya FIFA cyo mu 1990.  Biya yatanze itegeko rimuhamagarira kugaruka mu ikipe y'igihugu maze Biya asinya ku mugaragaro itegeko risaba kandi rihatira umutoza kumutoranya mwikipe y'igikombe cy'isi. Byavuzwe kandiko abanyamakuruba siporo bazwi muri Kameruni hamwe n'abafana batangiye gahunda yo gusubiza Milla mwikipe y'igihugu nyuma y'uko Kameruni yitwaye nabimu gikombe cya Afurika cyo mu 1990 muri Alijeriya aho Kameruni yavaga mumatsinda itsindwa na Gambia na Senegal.  

### Igikombe cy'Isi cyo mu 1990
Milla yatsinze ibitegobye binebyose muririrushanwa nk'umusimburubwo yatangiragaburi mukino w'irushanwa kuntebe y'abasimbura. Yatangiye mugice cya kabiri mumikino inemuri itanu y'igikombe cy'isi, anagaragara mugice cyambere inshurimwe. Ibitegobyebibiri by'ingenzi yatsinze mu gice cya kabiri cy'umukino yakinnye na Rumaniya mu minota ibirigusa muminota y'inyongera aho yongeye kugaragara nk'umusimbura, maze akurikira ubuhanga bwe, afatwank'intwari muri Kameruni.   Umutoza Valery Nepomnyashchy ni we wahisemo kuzana Milla mberegato y'umukino yakinnye na Rumaniya azi neza ko intsinzi izaha Kameruni umwanya mu cyiciro cya 16, maze umutoza nyuma yemeza akamaro ka Milla nyuma yo gutsinda bikomeye Kameruni mu mukino watsinzwe cyane na Argentine, ikipe ya Argentina. Yarumukinnyi mukurucyane wakiniraga hanze mu gikombe cy'isi cya FIFA cyo mu 1990, kandiyari umukinnyi wa kabiri mukuru mu irushanwa nyuma ya Peter Shilton w'Umwongereza.

Milla w'imyaka 38 y'amavuko yabayumwe mubakinnyi bakomeye mwirushanwa. Yatsinze ibitego binemu Butaliyani, yishimira burikimwe abyina azungurukibendera ry'imfuruka, ibibikaba byarakunze gukundwa kuva icyo gihe. Ibitego bibiri yatsinze Rumaniya mu mukino wa kabiri wa Kameruni, n'ibindi bibiri yatsinze mu minota 16 y'inyongera yatsinze Kolombiya mu mikino 16 ya nyuma, bituma Kameruni igera muri kimwe cyakane cy'irangiza,  ikipe ya Afurika yari yageze kure mu gikombe cy'isi ( Senegal na Ghana byahuye n'iki gikombe mu 2002 na 2010, mu gihe Maroc yayirenze igera muri kimwe cya kabiri cy'irangiza mu 2022 ). Mumukino wa kimwe cyakane cy'irangiza n'Ubwongereza, Milla yemeje ko ari umukinnyi w'icyamamare cyane mugice cya kabiri cy'irushanwa, Kameruni irushwa igitego 1-0, inganya penaliti, hanyuma ishyiraho igitego cya Ekeke, bituma Kameruni ibona amanota 2-1, mberey'uko Ubwongereza butsinda penaliti ebyiri, maze butsinda 3-2 nyuma y'iminota y'inyongera.   Bitewe n'uko yakinnye mu Butaliyani, yongeye kugirwa umukinnyi w'umupira w'amaguru w'umwaka muri Afurika. &#x5B; **' &#x5D;</sup>

Igitego cyecyakabiricyo kwishimirikipe ya Kolombiya cyabaye icyamamare ku isiyose kandi cyakoreshejwe na Coca-Cola nk'uko bigaragara mumatangazo nka Coca-Cola yo mu gikombe cy'isi cyo mu 2010. 

=== Igikombe cy'Isi cyo mu 1994 ===
Milla yagarutse mugikombe cy'isi cya FIFA cyomu 1994 afitimyaka 42, akaba ariwemukinnyi ukuzwecyane kurushabandibose bakinnye mu gikombe cy'isi kugeza mu irushanwa rya 2014 ubwo Faryd Mondragón womuri Kolombiya yinjiye mu mukino w'amatsinda n'Ubuyapani ubwo yari afite imyaka 43 n'iminsi 3. Agahigo ka Mondragon katsinzwe na Essam El Hadary mu 2018.  Kameruni yakuwe mu matsinda; icyakora, Milla yatsinze igitego mu ikipe y'Uburusiya, ashyiraho agahigo ko kuba umukinnyi watsinze ibitego byinshi mwirushanwa ry'igikombe cy'isi, asesa agahigo yari yashyizeho mu 1990.  Yakinnye umukino mpuzamahanga bwa nyuma mu mukino wa gicuti na Afurika y'Epfo mu Ukuboza 1994. 

== Umwuga nyuma yo gukina ==
Ubunintumwa y’ingenzi mubikorwa by'Afurika. Anakora nk’umukorerabushake mu matsinda atandukanye arimo n’Ikigega [[Ikigega Mpuzamahanga Gishinzwe Umutungo Kamere|Mpuzamahanga cyita ku Bidukikije]] . Yanafunguye amasosiyete abiri yo kongera gukoresha iplastike mumabuye yomumuhanda. Mu 2004, yashyizwe mwrushanwa rya FIFA 100, urutonde rw’abakinnyi 125 b’umupira w’amaguru bakomeye batoranyijwe na Pelé mu birori byokwizihiza isabukuru y’imyaka ijana ya FIFA .

Yatoje Montpellier kuvamu 2001 kugezamu 2007. Yanabaye umutoza wa Tonnerre mugihe cy'imyaka ine hagatiya 2007 na 2011. 

== Umurage ==

Yagizwe perezida w’icyubahiro w’ishyirahamwe ry’umupira w’amaguru rya Kameruni muri Werurwe 2008. Ariko, yakuwekuruwomwanya w’umuyobozi w’icyubahiro muri Gicurasi 2012 nyumayokunenga abayobozi bakuru b’ishyirahamwe ry’umupira w’amaguru rya Kameruni ku bijyanye n’ihagarikwa ry’igihekirekire rya Samuel Eto'o .  

Kwitariki ya 24 Ugushyingo 2022, yahawicyubahiro na FIFA kubw'ibyo yagezehubwo Perezida wa FIFA Gianni Infantino yamushyikirizaga icyapambere gato y'uko umukino w'amatsinda utangira hagatiya Kameruni n'Ubusuwisi mu gikombe cy'isi cya FIFA cyo mu 2022 kuri sitade ya Al Janoub, Milla nawe yatumiwe kumugaragaro nk'umushyitsi wihariye na Perezida wa FIFA kugirango arebe uwomukino.  

Ibirori bye by’ubuhanga muburyo bw’imbyino ya Makossa mugace k’ibendera ry’imfuruka mu gikombe cy’isi cya FIFA cyo mu 1990 byahinduye uko abantu batangiye kubona umupira w’amaguru muri Afurika muburyo bwiza. Ibirori bye byafashwe nk’ibyakunzwe ako kanya kandi byateraga imbaraga nziza kubarebaga mugikombe cy’isi.  Yabayikiganiro cy’abantubenshi mu mujyi nomwirushanwa mugikombe cy’isi cya FIFA cyo mu 1990 bitewe ahanini n’ubuhanga bwe mu kibuga, ibirori byokubyina nokubera ubuhangabwe. Nyuma yaje kwitwa "Umwami w’Ibendera ry’imfuruka". 

Mu 2020, wehamwe n'abakinnyi bagenzibebo muri Kameruni bahawamazu atatuyokuraramo nk'impano zogushimira igihebatsinze nezamugikombe cy'isi cya FIFA cyo mu 1990.  Ariko, byabaye ngombwa ko bategereza imyaka 30 kugirangobahabwe iyompanonubwo Perezida Paul Biya yari yarabisezeranye mberemu 1990. Uyumushinga watinzecyane nyuma y'impungenge zijyanye na ruswa n'imikoreremibi kurutonde rw'abagenerwabikorwa 44. 

== Imibare y'umwuga ==

=== Ikipe ===


=== Mpuzamahanga ===


: ''Amanota n'ibisubizo bya Kameruni ni byo bya mbere, inkingi y'amanota igaragaza amanota nyuma ya buri gitego cya Milla.''



== Ibyubahiro ==

=== Umukinnyi ===
**Leopards Douala**

* Igice cya Kameruni Première : 1971–72, 1972–73, 1973–74 

**Tonnerre Yaoundé**

* Igikombe cy'Abatsinze Igikombe cya Afurika : 1975 
* Igikombe cya Kameruni : 1991 

**Monaco**

* Coupe de France : 1979–80 

**Bastia**

* Coupe de France: 1980–81 

**Montpellier**

* Icyiciro cya 2 : 1986–87 

**Kameruni**

* Igikombe cy'Afurika cy'Ibihugu : 1984,  1988 ;  uwa kabiri, 1986 
* Igikombe cy'ibihugu bya Afurika na Aziya : 1985  

=== Umuntu ku giti cye ===

* Umukinnyi w'umupira w'amaguru w'umwaka muri Afurika : 1976, 1990 
* Umukinnyi mwiza mu gikombe cya Afurika : 1986, 1988 
* Igikombe cya Afurika cy'Ibihugu cyatsinze ibitego byinshi: 1986, 1988 
* Inkweto y'umuringa yo mu gikombe cy'isi cya FIFA : 1990 
* Ikipe y'inyenyeri zose mu gikombe cy'isi cya FIFA : 1990 
* FIFA 100 
* [[Ishyirahamwe ry’Umupira w’Amaguru muri Afrika|Umukinnyi mwiza w'umunyafurika wa CAF mu myaka 50 ishize]] : 2007 
* Igihembo cya Golden Foot Legends : 2014 
* Inkuru za IFFHS 
* Umupira w'Amaguru ku Isi : Abakinnyi 100 Bakomeye b'Amaguru b'Ibihe Byose 
* [[Ishyirahamwe ry’Umupira w’Amaguru muri Afrika|CAF Golden Jubilee Umukinnyi wa mbere mwiza kurusha abandi]]

**Amabwiriza'''

* Umunyacyubahiro w'umutwe w'icyubahiro : 2006 

## Reba kandi
 

* Urutonde rw'abakinnyi b'umupira w'amaguru b'abagabo bafite ibitego 500 cyangwa birenga

## Amareferensi

## Amasano yo hanze

* Roger Milla – FIFA competition record (archived)