Imikino igendanwa ya Nintendo

Nintendo, urugo rwabayapani hamwe nudukino twa videwo yimikino ya console nuwateguye umukino, asanzwe yibanze kumikino ikoresha ibintu byihariye bya kanseri. Nyamara, ubwiyongere bwisoko ry'imikino igendanwa mu ntangiriro ya za 2010 bwatumye ibihembwe byimari bikurikirana aho byakoreraga igihombo. Nintendo, iyobowe na perezida Satoru Iwata muri kiriya gihe, yashyizeho ingamba zo kwinjira mu isoko ry’imikino igendanwa hamwe n’umufatanyabikorwa w’iterambere DeNA, mu rwego rwo kumenyekanisha imitungo yabo ya francise kubakinnyi ba mobile bafite intego yo kubazana kugura kanseri ya Nintendo nyuma. Kuva mu 2015, Nintendo yateje imbere imikino myinshi igendanwa, mugihe anatangaza imikino hamwe nabandi bateza imbere, harimo imikino hanze yubufatanye bwa mbere bwa DeNA. Benshi muribo binjiye kurutonde rwimikino yakuwe hejuru kurutonde rwububiko bwa iOS App no mu bubiko bwa Google Play, binjiza US$100 million.

## Amateka

### Mbere ya 2015
Mu myaka ya za 2010, Nintendo yatanze ahanini konsole yo mu rugo, Wii, hamwe na konsole ya Nintendo DS, aho n'imikino myinshi yo mu rugo y'ibigo byabo byiza, nk'uko ni Super Mario na The Legend of Zelda, uburyo bw'ubucuruzi bwari bufite ibyemezo byiza yakoraga muri sosiyete mu myaka 30 ishize. Ikintu gitandukanye cyane mu buryo bwa Nintendo bukora ni ubuhanga bwo gufata ibyuma byemerera ibintu by'imikino yo gukina, nk'uko Wii Remote yerekana ibyerekezo hamwe na ecran ya kabiri ya DS. Nintendo niyo idasanzwe kuko imikino yabo ifite ubushobozi bwo gukina mu buryo buhagije, bigatuma igice kinini cy'ibintu byimikino bifitanye isano nitsinzi ry'umukino.

Nyamara, mu myaka ya za 2010 kandi hagaragaye iterambere ry'imikino igendanwa hifashishijwe terefone zigendanwa na mudasobwa zigendanwa. Kugeza mu mwaka wa 2012, isoko ry’imikino ngendanwa ryagereranijwe rifite agaciro ka US$9 billion, ugereranije n’inganda rusange y’imikino yo kuri videwo ifite agaciro ka US$86.1 billion. Biteganijwe ko ari izo zitabara imikino y'u Rwanda y’ububiko ku mugaragaro kuri terefone zigendanwa na mudasobwa zigendanwa mu myaka mike iri imbere, nk'uko byemezwa n'ikigo cy'ubushakashatsi Newzoo. Kugeza mu mwaka wa 2016, imikino igendanwa yinjije US$41 billion ku isoko ry’imikino yo kuri videwo US$91 billion.

### 2015 - ubungubu
Nyuma y’umwaka w’ingengo y’imari wa 2014, Iwata, Tatsumi Kimishima, Genyo Takeda, na Shigeru Miyamoto bakoze ingamba nshya kuri Nintendo kugira ngo babagarure mu nyungu. Ibyo byatumye babikoze inkluzi kwiyegereza isoko rya terefone igendanwa, gukora ibyuma bishya, no "kuzamura [ibyo] umutungo wubwenge." Icyerekezo cyibyuma byatumye habaho iterambere rya Nintendo Switch, ryasohotse muri Werurwe 2017. Mugihe yazamuwe nkurugo rwimuhira, Switch irashobora gukora muburyo butandukanye busa na kanseri ikoreshwa na mudasobwa ya tablet.

## Imikino
Nintendo, ibinyujije mu gice cy’iterambere ry’imbere nka Entertainment Planning & Development division, cyangwa sitidiyo zayo zifitanye isano rya hafi nka Intelligent Systems, bakoze porogaramu zigendanwa nibura eshanu ku bufatanye na DeNA na Miitomo, Super Mario Run, Fire Emblem Intwari. Kwambuka inyamaswa: Ingando yumufuka na Mario Kart Urugendo. Indi mikino ubundi iri hanze yubufatanye.

### ''Miitomo'' (2016)
 
Miitomo ni porogaramu ya mbere igendanwa yatunganijwe binyuze mu bufatanye bwa Nintendo / DeNA, yasohotse muri Werurwe 2016. Wari umukino uhuza abantu benshi, ufite abakinyi basabana na avatar zabo za Mii nizindi zabinyujije muri serivisi ya My Nintendo. Umukino wakoresheje imiterere ya freemium, yemerera abakinnyi gukoresha amafaranga-yisi kugura amafaranga yimikino (nayo ishobora kwinjizwa mubindi bikorwa byimikino) ishobora gukoreshwa muguhitamo uburyo bwo guhitamo Mii yumukinnyi mumikino. Miitomo yakusanyije miliyoni zirenga 10 zo gukuramo mu kwezi kumwe gusohoka, nubwo inyungu zagabanutse mu mezi yakurikiyeho. Nintendo yarangije gushyigikira porogaramu muri Gicurasi 2018.

### ''Super Mario Kwiruka'' (2016)
Super Mario Run yasohotse bwa mbere mu Kuboza 2016 kuri iOS, nyuma y'amezi make kuri Android. Umukino nubwoko bwimodoka yiruka, aho umukinnyi ayobora Mario nabandi bantu banyuze mumasomo yo gukusanya ibiceri, gusa bisaba umukinnyi kugenzura igihe nuburebure bwa Mario yo gusimbuka. Bitandukanye n’imikino myinshi igendanwa, Nintendo yasohoye Super Mario Run nk'izina rimwe ryo kugura US$10, nubwo yatanze demo yubuntu kugirango yemere abakinnyi kugerageza umukino. Nintendo yari yateguye inyungu ku kugurisha impinduka kuva kuri demo mumikino yuzuye. Mu gihe umukino wakuweho inshuro zirenga miliyoni 200, uza ku mwanya wa mbere ku rutonde rw’ububiko bwa porogaramu, Nintendo yemeje ko batageze ku gipimo cya 10% cyo guhindura intego ku isi yose, ariko bagishakisha ubu buryo ku mazina y’ejo hazaza. Isosiyete isesengura Sensor Tower yagereranije ko Super Mario Run yinjije hafi miliyoni 56 z'amadolari mu mwaka wa mbere.

### ''Intwari Ikirango Intwari'' (2017)
Fire Emblem Intwari zasohotse bwa mbere muri Gashyantare 2017, zakozwe cyane cyane na Intelligent Systems. Ikoresha uburyo bumwe bwo gukina umukino wo gukina uhereye kumurongo wa Fire Emblem, aho abakinnyi bagenzura ishyaka ry'intwari kubanzi barwana. Bitandukanye na Super Mario Kwiruka, Ikirangantego cyumuriro Intwari yakoresheje uburyo bwa gakondo bwubusa-gukina; abakinnyi bashoboraga gukina ubutumwa bwinshi bushoboka mugihe ibirori byabo byari bigifite imbaraga, ubundi bikagarura ubuyanja mugutegereza umwanya runaka cyangwa mugukoresha kugura mumikino kugirango bagarure imbaraga kandi bakize ibirori. Kugura muri porogaramu birashobora no gukoreshwa mu kugura intwari nshya mu birori byabakinnyi. Mugihe umukino wakuweho inshuro miliyoni 10 gusa muri Mata 2017, wari winjije US$100 million, byikubye inshuro 10 amakuru ya Super Mario Run. Mu mwaka wa mbere, yari yinjije hafi US$300 million nk'uko byatangajwe n'umunara wa Sensor.

### ''Kwambuka inyamaswa: Inkambi yo mu mufuka'' (2017)
Kwambuka inyamaswa: Inkambi y’umufuka yarekuwe mu Kwakira 2017. Ukurikije urukurikirane rw'inyamanswa, umukino ni umukino wo kwigana ufite umukinnyi ukora akazi ko kwibeshaho no guteza imbere urugo rwabo mumujyi wuzuyemo ibiremwa bya antropomorphique. Kimwe na Fire Emblem Intwari, Nintendo yakoresheje uburyo bwubusa-gukina, yemerera abakinnyi kugura ibintu-byimikino bigabanya ibikorwa bya cooldown timers. Umutwe wakuweho inshuro zirenga miliyoni 15 mugihe cyicyumweru cyambere cyo gusohora. Sensor Tower yagereranije umukino urenga US$50 million yinjiza mu gihe cy’amezi 10 uhereye igihe wasohotse.

### ''Dragalia Yatakaye'' (2018)
Dragalia Lost ni umukino wibikorwa byo gukina wakozwe na Cygames. Byatangajwe muri Mata 2018, bitangizwa mu Buyapani, Tayiwani, no muri Amerika ku ya 27 Nzeri 2018. Muri Nyakanga 2019, umukino winjije miliyoni US$ . Dragalia Lost yafunzwe ku ya 30 Ugushyingo 2022.

### ''Dr. Mario Isi'' (2019)
Muri Mutarama 2019, Nintendo yatangaje ko Dr. Mario World, igice cy’uruhererekane rwa Dr. Mario, azasohoka ku bikoresho bya iOS na Android, byakozwe na Nintendo EPD, Line Corporation, na NHN Entertainment. Umukino wabanje gusohoka ku ya 9 Nyakanga 2019, mu turere 59, kandi ukurikiza inzira yashyizweho na Candy Crush Saga. Kimwe na Dr. Mario, abakinnyi bagerageza gukuraho virusi yamabara kuri stade bahuza capsules yamabara 2 mumikino yumukino-3. Aho kugira ngo umukino urangire, Dr. Mario World akurikiza uburyo bwimikino igendanwa yashyizweho na Candy Crush Saga, hamwe na buri rwego rwashizweho numubare uhamye hamwe na virusi na blok, kandi umukinnyi asabwa kuzuza urwego afite aho agarukira umubare wa capsules. Monetization nayo isa na Candy Crush Saga - umukinnyi yinjiza ibiceri mumikino kandi ashobora gukoresha amafaranga yisi yose kuri diyama, byombi birashobora gukoreshwa mugugura imbaraga zidasanzwe, cyangwa abaganga bashya nka Dr. Peach, Dr Yoshi, na Dr. Toad buri wese hamwe nubuhanga bwe bwihariye. Ku ya 28 Nyakanga 2021, Nintendo yatangaje ko bazarangiza serivisi z'umukino guhera ku ya 31 Ukwakira 2021 ariko ntibatanga impamvu y'impamvu.

## Izindi porogaramu zigendanwa

### Nintendo Hindura Ababyeyi
Ubuzima bwa Nintendo Ababyeyi ni porogaramu igendanwa ya porogaramu ya Nintendo. Nubwo konsole ubwayo ikubiyemo igenamigambi risanzwe ryababyeyi, porogaramu itangira ibintu byongeweho nk'uko gukurikirana ibikorwa byo gukina umukino wabakoresha abana, gushiraho igihe ntarengwa cya buri munsi, nigikorwa cyo guhagarika software. Igenamiterere risanzwe ryababyeyi rishobora kandi gushyirwaho ukoresheje iyi porogaramu. Ibi birashoboka binyuze kuri konte yabana yanditswe kuri konte ya Nintendo. Porogaramu yatangije hamwe na Nintendo Switch muri Werurwe 2017.

### Nintendo Hindura Kumurongo
Mugihe Nintendo Switch ifite imikorere itandukanye kumurongo no kumurongo, Nintendo yahisemo gukoresha porogaramu igendanwa yihariye, Nintendo Switch Online, kubintu nko kuganira kumajwi yumukino, kongera inshuti, no gucunga serivise yo kwiyandikisha kuri Switch Online kugirango ubone ibintu byinshi byateye imbere. Nk’uko Fils-Aimé abitangaza ngo bifuzaga gukoresha porogaramu igendanwa kuri ibyo bintu kugira ngo abakinnyi bashobore kwifashisha ibikoresho byabo bigendanwa byari bisanzwe bigenewe ibintu nko kuganira ku majwi, no gukuraho bimwe mu bibazo by'ubukererwe abakinnyi bashobora guhura nabyo niba bakinaga Switch muburyo bwayo. Iyi porogaramu yasohotse muri Nyakanga 2017 mu bihugu bimwe na bimwe. Porogaramu yatangijwe byoroshye muri Nyakanga 2017, hamwe no gusohora Splatoon 2. Verisiyo yuzuye ya porogaramu yasohotse muri Nzeri 2018.

### WeChat
Nubwo Nintendo Switch yashyiriwe ku mugaragaro muri gahunda ya kuboza 2019, yakurikiwe n'ikigo cyo kubona ubushinwa bw'Ubushinwa mu Bushinwa, kuko byari bikwiye ku bantu ba Tencent. Ibyo bijyanye n'ibice bya Switch bigaragara ku mugabane w'Ubushinwa, ariko ntibibura inkunga yo kwinjira muri konti ya Nintendo. Kugira ngo abashinwa babone ubumenyi bwe, hari ibiherutsa bakoresha igenzura ry'ibikoresho bya Nintendo Switch kandi Switch Online mobile, buri wese akaba na we ashobora kubona izindi nzego zikurikira muri byo bakoresha. Tencent yagize serivisi za Nintendo mu kuzamuka kwa WeChat, ikaba yashyiramo izindi widgets cyangwa "mini progaramu" mu porogaramu yayo, zikorana neza na WeChat mu sisitemu ya Nintendo. Iyo mpamvu, Tencent yatangiye gukora ibyo byose kugira ngo izindi porogaramu zifashishwe neza muri Nintendo Switch. Ntibyabuze kandi, Tencent yasimbuye serivisi za Nintendo, ikora ibyo byose ku mugaragaro wa WeChat mu Bushinwa. Ibi byose byatumye abashinwa bari muri Nintendo Switch badufashije ku buryo bworoshye, bivuze kubaho mu kwemeza no kwitabira imikorere y'ubushinwa bwabo. Kuri topi y'ibyo, Tencent yatangiye kwishyira hamwe no gukomeza kubaka ubushobozi bwo gukurikirana imibare yo gukina kuri Impeta, ndetse no gushyigikira imikorere yihariye y'imikino.

## Ingaruka z'ubucuruzi
Nyuma y’isohoka rya Pokémon Go, ubushobozi bw’i Nintendo bwitabiriye ku buryo bukomeye. Agaciro ka Nintendo kiyongereyeho US$17 billion, bishimangira akamaro k’imikino y’imikino igendanwa muri sosiyete. Isosiyete yatangaje ko hafi ¥20 billion z'amayero yinjije mu mwaka w'ingengo y'imari wa 2016 yavuye mu mikino ngendanwa, mu gihe mu mezi atandatu ya mbere y'umwaka w'ingengo y'imari wa 2017, havuzwe ko agera ¥17.6 billion. Nubwo iyi mibare itujuje neza amafaranga yateganijwe, Nintendo yemeje ko ikomeje gukomera ku ngamba zigendanwa mu rwego rwo gufasha kuyobora abakora telefone zigendanwa kugura imashini zabo n’imikino. Mu mpera za Werurwe 2018, imikino yabo igendanwa yari imaze kwinjiza ¥39.3 billion, yiyongereyeho 172% guhera muri 2017. Kimishimma yagize ati:

Muri 2017, Rob Fahey, umuhanzi wo mu mikino Industry.biz, yavuze ko intsinzi mu bucuruzi mu mikino ngendanwa ya Nintendo itagenze neza uko bishoboka kose. Yizera ko mu gihe Intwari za Fire Emblem zimaze kwimuka kuri mobile neza, Nintendo yari agikomeje guhangana n’uburyo bwo kuyifata IP muburyo bwa mobile, igendesha abantu gukina. Yagaragaje ko mu gihe uburyo 'Super Mario Run' bwo gukoresha amafaranga bwarwanyaga amazina menshi agendanwa, kubera ko kwambuka inyamaswa: Inkambi ya Pocket yari umukino usanzwe ukinirwa ku buntu, ariko ntiwitabweho cyane kubera ko imiterere y’imikino yayo itari isanzwe ku bikoresho bigendanwa.

Muri Mutarama 2020, umunara wa Sensor wagereje ko amafaranga yinjiye mu mikino yose igendanwa ya Nintendo yagize US$1 billion, menshi muri yo akaba yavuye muri Fire Emblem Heroes hamwe na US$656 million.

## References