Beta blocker

Deng **Beta blockers** (neng misan misusulat bilang **β-blocker**) metung lang pinduan a panulu a gagamitan da kareng miyayaliwang signus, dapot lalung lalu na keng pamanalan o pamangasiwa keng cardiac arrhythmia ampong pamaningat keng pusu kaibat ning myocardial infarction. Inya iti ing mumunang pamanulu keng matas a prisyun o hypertension, deng karelang agagawa mebawas a alaga inyang Juniu 2006 ning United Kingdom keng pang-apat a gulis a nung nu ela mabisa kalupa da reng aliwang panulu, lalu da kareng mangatuang atin erectile dysfunction ampong manalas a pitaklan, ampong darakal ing katibayan na deng maralas a magagamit a beta-blockers lalunglaluna deng piayabe kareng thiazide-a pinduan a diuretics a maging sangkan ing mikaka type 2 diabetes la.

Ing Propranolol iya ing mumunang diling clinically a gamitan a  beta adrenergic receptor antagonist. Inimbentu neng Sir James W. Black, iti elilan na ing pamangasiwa  keng pamanulu keng  angina pectoris ampong iti ing pekamaulagang ambag keng clinical a pamanulu ampong keng pharmacology ngening pang20ng dilanua.

Deng Beta blockers malyari la naman idaleraya bilang **beta-adrenergic pangsabagal a agenti**, **beta-adrenergic panglaban**, o kaya **beta panglaban**.

## Pharmacology
Deng Beta blockers sasabatan na ing gawa ning  endogenous catecholamines (epinephrine (adrenaline) ampong norepinephrine (noradrenaline) lalu na ing mismung ), keng β-adrenergic receptors, dake ning  sympathetic nervous system nung nu iti ing mamagitan keng "laban o mamakong" pakibat. 

Atin atlung kebaluan a pinduan da reng receptor, mitulduan bilang β1, β2 ampong  β3. β1-Deng adrenergic receptors keraklan atiu la keng pusu ampong batu. β2-Deng adrenergic receptors atiu la keraklan keng baga, bituka, ate, palaanakan vascular smooth muscle, ampong  kalamnan keng bungu. β3-Deng receptors atiu la kareng taba da reng cells.

Deng alimbawa da reng beta-blockers abe la reng : Sectral, Zebeta, Brevibloc, Inderal, Tenormine, Normodyne, Coreg, ampong Lopressor

### β-Receptor panglaban
Ustung mayayapis la reng β1 receptors kareng epinephrine iti maginduce lang positive chronotropic ampong inotropic a uyab keng pusu ampong dadakalan na ing cardiac conduction velocity ampong automaticity. Ing mayayapis a  β1 receptors keng batu lulual la reng renin. Ing pangayapis da reng  β2 receptors mipapainawa lang reng smooth muscle  (ing uyab na ing vasodilation ampong bronchodilation (pamamuklat da reng broncho), iti mikakagalgal keng kalamnan keng bungu, ampong darakal ing glycogenolysis keng ate ampong kalamnan keng bungu. Ing pamanapis ning  β3 receptors maging lipolysis.

Deng Beta blockers sasabatan nala dening normal epinephrine-mediated sympathetic a gawa, dapot ditak mu ing uyab kareng makapainawa. Nung nu babawasan na ing uyab keng pangabigla/sikan a pamagpilit keng kabug ning pusu, ampong king kayang pangapisil, pangabuklat da reng uyat, ampong pamamuklat da reng bronchi, ampong pangaritak ning galgal ampong pamaglaso keng glycogen.

### β<sub>2</sub>-Selective agents
* Butaxamine (weak α-adrenergic agonist activity)

## Side Effects / Kabulasan katataulian
* Mababang prisyun a daya
* Mabagal a pitig ning pusu
* Epamandagus ning daya
* kelan tudtud
* Pamagpalya ning pusu
* Asthma
* Sobrang kalungkutan
* Kelan libi o pamanalakad
* Kaibug manyuka
* Sakit buntuk
* Malilyu
* Pamamulikat

## Uauangis a impormasyun
### Pharmacological a pamialiwa
* Deng agents a atin intrinsic sympathomimetic action (ISA)
** Acebutolol, carteolol, celiprolol, mepindolol, oxprenolol, pindolol 
* Deng agents a atin masdakal a aqueous solubility
** Atenolol, celiprolol, nadolol, sotalol
* Deng agents a a atin membrane stabilising pamangimut
** Acebutolol, betaxolol, pindolol, propranolol
* Deng agents atin antioxidant a uyab
** Carvedilol
** Nebivolol

### Pawagang pamialiwa
* Deng Agents a mismung indicasyun para (pamagpalya ning pusu)cardiac arrhythmia
** Esmolol, sotalol
* Deng Agents a mismung indicasyun para (pamagbara at pamagpalya ning pusu)[[congestive heart failure
** Bisoprolol, carvedilol, sustained-release metoprolol, nebivolol
* Deng Agents a mismung indicasyun para (sakit keng mata)glaucoma
** Betaxolol, carteolol, levobunolol, metipranolol, timolol
* Deng Agents a mismung indicasyun para myocardial infarction
** Atenolol, metoprolol, propranolol
* Deng Agents a mismung indicasyun para (sobrang sakit ning buntuk)migraine prophylaxis
** Timolol, propranolol

Ing Propranolol iya kabud a agenti a indicasyun para panglaban keng tremor, portal hypertension ampong esophageal variceal a pamandaya, ampong keng pamangamit kambe ning α-blocker a pamanulu keng [phaeochromocytoma]].

## dalerayan
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## Suglung Palual
* Better Playing Through Chemistry by Blair Tindall, *[[New York Times]]*, October 17, 2004. (Discussing the use of beta-blockers among professional musicians.)
* Musicians using beta blockers  by Blair Tindall. Condensed version of above article.
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