open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Aguman nang San Pio X

Ing **Aguman nang San Pio X** (**Society of Saint Pius X** o **SSPX**) metung yang internasyunal a tradisyunalistang Katolikung organisasyun a tetag na anyang 1970 ning Pranses a arsobispung i Marcel Lefebvre. Ing opisyal nang lagyu ning aguman, **Fraternitas Sacerdotalis Sancti Pii X**, a mangabaldugang "Pangparing Pamikakapatad nang Pio X" ("Priestly Society of Saint Pius X"). Masikan yang talapamingwa o taladepensa Misa Tridentino ing aguman, bukud kareng debosyun, paniwala, kostumbri ampong disiplinang pangrelihyun a maralas miyuyugne king panaun bayu ing Kadwang Konsehung Vaticano, a king paniwala ning aguman, mágtaguyud kareng pamanurung e ustu.

Dineklara nang Papa Benedicto XVI a para kareng sangkan a pangdoktrina at e uling king pamagdisiplina, ala yang kabilyan a pangkanonika king Pisambang Katolika ing SSPX, at uli na niting keyalan kabilyan a pangkanoniku, e la legal king Pisamban deng ministeryu da reng kayang ministru. Nanupata, sinabi ning superior general ning aguman a agpang king dapat na, babye yang pamikilala ing Santa Sede king legal ampong balidung pangayatsu ampong ministeryu da reng pari ning Aguman.

Meging pekamabayat ing tensyon kapamilatan ning aguman ampo ning Santa Sede (*Holy See*) kanitang 1988, anyang migkonsagra yang apat a obispu i Arsobispu Lefebvre laban king kautusan nang Papa Juan Pablo II, at uli na niti, medeklara lang eskomulgadu deng obispung migkonsagra o mekonsagra, metung a eskomunyon a mibawi karetang mabye pa anyang Enero 2009 kayabe ning mebanggit a kapanayan a magbalik la reng kayanib king ganap a komunyon o pamiugnayan (*full communion*).

Mika pormal a diskusyun kapamilatan ning Santa Sede ampo ning aguman anyang 2009 at miras king kritikal a dake anyang 2012.  Kanitang 6 Setiembre, minyad yang karagdagang panaun ing aguman ba neng isadya ing opisyal nang pakibat kareng munikalang miyapag anyang 13 Junio.  Agpang king Pontifical Commission a "Ecclesia Dei", *"Kaybat da reng atlung pulung banwa ning pamikawani, malyaring intindyan a kaylangan ing panaun ba lang ataluse kabaldugan deng bayung milyari. Uling kapagnasan nang Papa Benedicto XVI ing isundu ya ampong panatilyan ing pamisanmetung ning Pisamban kapamilatan ning pangatupad ning malwat nang panayang pamagbalik ning Pangparing Pamikakapatad nang San Pio X king Sede nang Pedro – metung a makabye pansing a alimbawa ning pamirapat ning *munus Petrinum* in action – kaylangan ing pamibabata, kataimikan pilubluban, tyaga ampong tiwala."* (*"After thirty years of separation, it is understandable that time is needed to absorb the significance of these recent developments. As Our Holy Father Pope Benedict XVI seeks to foster and preserve the unity of the Church by realizing the long hoped-for reconciliation of the Priestly Fraternity of St. Pius X with the See of Peter – a dramatic manifestation of the *munus Petrinum* in action – patience, serenity, perseverance and trust are needed."*)

## Dalerayan

## Ding suglung palual

*SSPX General House
*Angelus Press
* USA District of the SSPX
Banal a Sede

Ing **Banal a Sede** (; ; ; ),  ing awtoridad a episkopal ning Pisambang Katoliku o Iglesia Catolica king Roma. Uli ning pamibabo o pamanimuna (*primacy*) ning Roma, ing kayang obispu ning pekapun ning pangyatung pisamban o iglesia, at iti keraklan mayayaus yang Papa (*Pope*). Uling ing Roma ing pekamatas nang sedeng episkopal o tungkung pang-obispu ning Pisamban o Iglesia, iti ing karinan ning kapamahalang sentral o pangkalibudtan ning pisamban, kayabe no deng miyayaliwang ahensyang kaylangan king pamanibala. King diplomasya, ing Sante Sede ing kikimut ampong magsalita para king mabilug a Pisambang Katolika o Iglesia Catolica. Kikilalanan de mu naman deng aliwang sakup ning leying internasyunal o *international law* antimong bageng magsarili o soberanung karinan, a panibalan ning Papa, at malyaring mika ugnayang diplomatiku (*diplomatic relations*) kaniti.

Maralas, mayayaus ya iting "ing Vaticano", dapot e pareung bage ing Santa Sede king Estadung Vatican Lakabalen, a linto mu anyang  
1929; ing Santa Sede, ing diosesis o sede episkopal ning Roma, manibat ya pa kanitang mumuna nang dake ning panaung Cristiano. Deng embahador makadestinu la e king Estadung Vatican Lakanbalen (*Vatican City State*), nun e king "Santa Sede", (*the Holy See*), at deng pekakatawan ning papa kikilalanan da lang pekakatawan ning Santa Sede, at e ning Estadung Vatican Lakanbalen.

Lipat ning mituturing la ngang "banal" (*holy*) deng anggang diosesis o sede episkopal, ing terminung "Santa Sede" (a ala nang kayabe) normal yang magagamit king ugnayang internasyunal ampo king leying canon ning Pisambang Katoliku o Iglesia Catolica.  
  to refer to the See of Rome viewed as the central government of the Roman Catholic Church.

## Dalerayan

## Karagdagang babasan
* La Due, William J. *The Chair of Saint Peter: A History of the Papacy*. (ISBN 1-57075-249-4)
* Heribert Franz Koeck, Die völkerrechtliche Stellung des Heiligen Stuhls. Dargestellt an seinen Beziehungen zu Staaten und internationalen Organisationen, Berlin 1975
* Heribert Franz Koeck, Holy See, in: Encyclopedia of Public International Law, Bd. 2, Oxford etc. 1995

## Ding suglung palual

* The Holy See
* The Holy See News Portal (News.va)
* YouTube Vatican Channel
* Primacy of the Apostolic See
* CIA World Factbook on Holy See 
* Between Venus and Mars, the Church of Rome Chooses Both —The Holy See’s geopolitics analyzed in the light of the dominant doctrines
* The Holy See in the course of time, from an Orthodox perspective
Serzh Sargsyan

I **Serzh Azati Sargsyan** (, mibait June 30, 1954) ing katlu ampong kasalungsungan a Pamuntuk ning Armenia. Sinambut ya king Alalang pang-pamuntuk ning Febrero 2008 a maki suporta ning konserbatibung Republican Party of Armenia, metung a partidu nung nu ya talapamuntuk (*chairman*), and took office in April 2008. Anyang Febrero 18, 2013, miyalal yang pasibayung Pamuntuk.

## Dalerayan

## Suglung palwal
*Official website

|-
Nicos Anastasiades

I **Nicos Anastasiades** ( *Nikos Anastasiadis*; mibait 27 Setiembre 1946) metung yang pulitikung Greek Cypriot a pekapun ning DISY (Democratic Rally) ampo ing miyalal a pamuntuk ning Sipre.

Anyang alalang pang-parlamentung anyang 22 Mayo 2011, menikwa yang 20 pwestu (*seats*), a maygit king sanumang partidu, oneng e mayorya king Kapulungan ding Pekakatawan (*House of Representatives*) a maki 56 a kayanib. Opisyal yang kandidatu king Alalang pang-pamuntuk ning 2013. Ketang alalang pang-pamuntuk (*presidential elections*) anyang 24 Febrero 2013, menikwa yang 57.48% da reng botu i Nicos Anastasiades.

## Dalerayan

## Suglung palwal

*Nicos Anastasiades official website 

|-
Miriam Makeba

I **Miriam Makeba** (4 Marzo 1932 – 9 Noviembre 2008), a maki palayong **Mama Africa**, metung yang magkanta ampong aktibistang pang katulirang sibil (*civil rights activist*) ibat Mauling Aprikang mirinan Grammy Award.

Anyang dekadang 1960s, ya ing mumunang magkantang ibat Africang magpasikat king musikang Aprikanu king Estados Unidos ampo king mabiliug a yatu. Pikabalwan yang dili para king kantang "Pata Pata", a mumuna rang gewang plaka anyang 1957 at mipalwang king Estados Unidos anyang 1967. Ginawa yang plaka ampong mig-tour kayabe la reng aliwang sikat a magkanta, antimo i Harry Belafonte, Paul Simon, ampo ing sadya nang asawang i Hugh Masekela.

Aktibu yang mengampanya laban king sistema ning Mauling Aprikang  apartheid. Uli na niti, binawi ne ning kapamahalan ning Mauling Aprika ing kayang panga-memalen (*citizenship*) ampo ing katuliran nang mibalik (*right of return*). Kaybat nang milako ning apartheid, minuli ya. Mete ya kaybat ning ataki king pusu anyang  9 Noviembre 2008 kaybat nang linage king konsyertu ba neng suportan ing talasulat a i Roberto Saviano ketang laban na king Camorra, metung a organisasyun o aguman a kalupa ning mafia at lokal king labuad o rehiyon ning Campania.

## Notes

## Dalerayan

### Pikwanan
;Books

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* **Related articles**:
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;Pahayagan ampong magasin 

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;Aptas/Web

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*  **Related articles**:
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*  **Related articles**:
** [ Billboard Albums]
** [ Billboard Singles]
** [ GRAMMY Awards]
* **Related articles**:
** HOMMAGE A MIRIAM MAKEBA (1) 
** HOMMAGE A MIRIAM MAKEBA (2) 
** HOMMAGE A MIRIAM MAKEBA (3) 
** 

## Suglung palwal

* 
* [ Miriam Makeba] at Allmusic
* Miriam Makeba discography 
* 
* 
* 
*  Miriam Makeba at National Public Radio
*
Papa Francisco

I **Papa Francisco** 17 ya ing Diciembre 1936 – 21 ya ing Abril 2025) mégí yang pékapun ning Iglesia Catolica ampóng soberano ning Ciudad Estado ning Vaticano manibat 13 ya ing Marzo 2013 anggang 21 ya ing Abril 2025. Ya ing múmúnang Jesuitang méging papa, ing múmúnang ibat king Latino America ampóng Mauling Hemisferio (*Southern Hemisphere*), ampó ing múmúnang míbayit ó méragul king kilual ning Europa manibat king papang ibat king Siria, i Papa Gregorio III.

Metung yang katutubu ning Buenos Aires, Argentina, at meordina yang pari kanitang 1969. Inyang 1998, megi yang Arsobispu ning Buenos Aires, at anyang 2001, metung a kardinal. Miyalal yang papa kaybat ning pamagdimitir ning papang minuna kaya, i Papa Benedicto XVI anyang 28 Febrero 2013. Pinili neng Bergoglio ing lagyung *Francisco* (ing minunang pamikatagun a kinwa ne ning papa ing lagyung iti) a kinwa na antimong pamangalang kang San Francisco de Asis. Ya ing mumunang Jesuitang papa ampo ing mumunang papang ibat king Americas. Ya mu naman ing mumunang paring ibat king kilwal ning Europa manibat kang Gregorio III anyang ka-walung siglu.

## Notes

 

## Dalerayan

## Suglung palwal

* 
* Vatican: the Holy See&nbsp;– Vatican web site ()
* (Official Vatican YouTube page, covering the Pope and related interests)
*Collected news and articles at the The New York Times
*Collected news and articles at The Guardian

|-
Niccolò Cusano University

Ing **Niccolò Cusano University (UNICUSANO)** (Università degli Studi Niccolò Cusano) metung yang universidad a privadu king Rome, Italia. Mitatag ya kanitang 2006. 

## Suglung a palwal
*Niccolò Cusano University Official Website
Oras ning Yatu

Ing **Oras ning Yatu** (**Earth Hour**) metung yang pangyatung pamikatagun o okasyun a inorganisa ning World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) at malilyari bandang wakas ning Marzo banwa-banwa, a managyag kareng pibale-bale ampong negosyung mamatda kareng e makaing kaylangang sulung de kuryenti kilub ning metung a oras bang mangising king kamalayan tungkul king pamangaylangan a kimut dikil king pamangaluku ning yatu. Iting pamikatagun, a aisip ning WWF ampo i *[[Leo Burnett]]*, minunang milyari anyang 2007, nung kapilan deng 2.2ng milyung manuknangan king  Sydney mikyabe la kapamilatan ning pamamatda kareng e kaylangang-kaylangan a sulu. Katuki ning Sydney, dakal lang lakanbalen king yatung migmasusi king pamikatagun anyang 2008. Marapat ing Oras ning Yatu 2013 keng Marzo 23, 2013 manibat 8:30&nbsp;p.m. anggang 9:30&nbsp;p.m. king oras dang lokal deng makayabe.

## Dalerayan

## Suglung palwal

*Earth Hour
*Earth Hour LIVE 
*The Official Youtube Channel for Earth Hour
Willem-Alexander ning Holanda

I **Willem-Alexander** (; Willem-Alexander Claus George Ferdinand; mibait 27&nbsp;Abril 1967) ing Ari ning Kaarian ning Holanda, a bibilugan da reng bangsang Holanda, Curaçao, Aruba, ampong Sint Maarten. Ya ing pekapun ning Dutch royal house ampo ning House of Amsberg. I Willem-Alexander ing mumunang lalaking monarko ning Holanda manibat anyang pangamate nang William III kanitang 1890, ampo ing anak dili kareng kasalungsungan a pekapun a maki korona king Europa.

Mibait ya i Willem-Alexander king Utrecht, at pangane neng anak Prinsesa Beatrix ampong Claus von Amsberg. Megi yang Prinsipe ning Orange ampong magmana king tronu ning Holanda kanitang 30 Abril 1980, anyang megi ing ima na megi yang queen regnant, at linukluk ya king tronu kanitang 30 Abril 2013,  anyang tebili neng ima na ing tronu, o mig-*abdicate* ya.

## Dalerayan

## Suglung palwal

* 
* The Prince of Orange, talambie king opisyal a karinan-Aptas o website ning Dutch Royal House

|-
Hezbollah

Ing **Hezbollah** ( **', literal a kabaldugan, "Partidu nang [[Allah]]" o "Partidu ning [[Dios]]") — malyari mu namang [[Romanization of Arabic|transliterated]] **Hizbullah**, **Hizballah*', etc. — metung yang  grupung militanting Muslim a [[Shia|Shi'a]] ampong [[Loyalty to the Resistance Bloc|partidung pulitikal]] a makabasi king  [[Lebanon]]. Tatanggap yang saup a pampulitika ampong pinansyal king  [[Iran]] ampong [[Syria]], at ing dake nang [[paramilitary]] tuturing deng [[pangimut a pangresistensya]]king mabilug a yatung [[Arabu]] ampong [[Muslim world|Muslim]]. Para kareng kapamahalan ning Estados Unidos, ing Netherlands, Bahrain, France, U.K., Australia, Canada, ampong Israel, metung yang aguman o organisasyun a terorista ing Hezbollah, king kabilugan o metung a dake na niti.
Aisipan deng itikdo deng paring Muslim, at pinonduan ne ning Iran kaybat ning pamanyakup ning Israel king Lebanon anyang 1982, at mitátag ya bayu ing sabla bang lumaban king pamanyakup ning Israel. Kinangwa lang inspirasyun deng kayang pekapun kang [[Ruhollah Khomeini|Ayatollah Khomeini]], at senayan nala at inorganisa ning metung a tropa da reng [[Army of the Guardians of the Islamic Revolution|Iranian Revolutionary Guards]]. 

|url=http://books.google.com/?id=CG-AjU3rraQC&pg=PA70}}</ref>

==Dalerayan==


==Karagdagang babasan==
;*Libru*
*
*
*
*
*
*
* 
*
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*
*
*</div>

;*Artikulu*
*
* ([http://www.mafhoum.com/press7/190P8.htm copy])

==Suglung palwal==




===Opisyal a karinan===
* [http://www.moqavemat.ir/?lang=en Islamic Resistance in Lebanon] 
* [http://english.wa3ad.org/ Promise For the Resistance Movement Support] 
* [http://almashriq.hiof.no/lebanon/300/320/324/324.2/hizballah/ Hizbullah – the Party of God – List of links to official websites and documents]

===UN resolutions regarding Hezbollah===
* [http://www.un.org/News/Press/docs/2004/sc8181.doc.htm UN Press Release SC/8181] UN, September 2, 2004
* [http://www.un.org/apps/news/story.asp?NewsID=11823&Cr=Lebanon&Cr1= Lebanon: Close Security Council vote backs free elections, urges foreign troop pullout] UN, September 2, 2004

===Aliwa pang suglung===
* [http://www.washingtoninstitute.org/html/pdf/hezbollah-testimony-05252005.pdf Hezbollah] : Financing Terror through Criminal Enterprise, Testimony of Matthew Levitt, Hearing of the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs, United States Senate
* [http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/2007/832/op92.htm Hizbullah's two republics] by Mohammed Ben Jelloun, Al-Ahram, February 15–21, 2007
*[http://www.pbs.org/frontlineworld/stories/lebanon/thestory.html Inside Hezbollah], short documentary and extensive information from *Frontline/World'' on PBS.
* An Open Letter: The Hezbollah Program  – five pages excerpted from Hezbollah's 1985 manifesto translated into English. The complete document is 20 printed pages in translation and may be found in  Specifically: "Nass al-risala al-maftuha allati wajjaha hizb allah ila al-mustad'afin fi lubnan wa al-'alam [Text of an Open Letter Addressed by Hizballah to the Downtrodden in Lebanon and in the World]", Appendix B, pp.&nbsp;167–187.
*Hizbullah – the 'Party of God' – fact file at Ynetnews
Mauling Sudan

Ing **Mauling Sudan** (**South Sudan**), a maki opisyal a titulung ( or ), **Republica ning Mauling Sudan** (**Republic of South Sudan**) at bayu ita, ausan dang **Southern Sudan**, metung yang bangsang makakulung-gabun (*landlocked*) king aslagan-kalibudtang Africa a kayabe king United Nations subregion ning Aslagang Africa (Eastern Africa). Ing Juba ing kasalungsungan nang tungku (buntuk balen, kapitolyu o cabesera/kabisera), a ya mu namang pekamaragul nang lakanbalen o ciudad. Balak deng yalis ing tungku nang lakanbalen (*capital city*) king mas makalibutad a lugal, ing Ramciel, king paintungulan. Padurutan de ing Mauling Sudan ning Ethiopia king aslagan, Kenya king mauli-aslagan, Uganda king mauli, ing Democratic Republic of the Congo king mauli-albugan, ing Central African Republic king albugan ampo ing Sudan king pangulu. Kayabe ya keti ing maleparan a labuad a pinak ning ning Sudd, a lelangan ning White Nile at mayayaus keting a *Bahr al Jabal*.

Dake na lang ning Ejiptu deng teritoryu ning Mauling Sudan ampong Sudan lalam ning Muhammad Ali Dynasty, at kaybat penibalan da lang antimong Anglo-Egyptian condominium o miyayabeng pamanibala ning Inglaterra o England ampong Ejiptu, anggang mitimawa ya o migsarili ing Sudasn anyang 1956. Kaybat ning Mumunang Gerang Sibil ning Sudan (*First Sudanese Civil War*), meyalkus ya o meporma ing Southern Sudan Autonomous Region anyang 1972 at mindatila ya o menatili anggang 1983. Kaybat, milyari ing kadwang gerang sibil ning Sudan, at meyari iti king Pangkabilugan a Pamikasundung Pangkaratunan (*Comprehensive Peace Agreement*) ning of 2005. Mas tawli anyang banwang ita, misubli ing otonomiya o sariling pamanibala ning mauli, anyang mebilug ya ing Autonomous Government of Southern Sudan.

Megi yang timawang estadu ing Mauling Sudan anyang 9 Julio 2011, kaybat ning metung a reperendum a mipasar kapamilatan ning 98.83% da reng botu. Metung yang estadung kayanib da reng Misasanmetung a Bangsa (*United Nations member state*), kayanib ning African Union, ampong estadung kayanib ning  Intergovernmental Authority on Development. Anyang Julio 2012, pinirma ya ing Mauling Sudan kareng Geneva Conventions.

## Dalerayan

## Karagdagang babasan
* 
* 
*
*

## Suglung palwal

* Government of South Sudan 
* Government of South Sudan – USA and UN Mission
* Government of South Sudan – UK Mission 
* Southern Sudan Legislative Assembly 
* 
* 
* South Sudan profile from the BBC News.
*"Sudan's Shaky Peace" , *[[National Geographic Society|National Geographic]]*, November 2010.
:*Photo gallery  by George Steinmetz.
*Peace Agreements signed by South Sudan, UN Peacemaker
Eriberto Leão

**Eriberto de Castro Leão Monteiro** (mibait Juniu 11, 1972) metung yang Brazilanang artista. 

## Aliwa pang website (karinan king Aptas)
*
Aguman da reng Bangsa king Mauli Aslagang Asia

Ing  **Aguman da reng Bangsa king Mauli Aslagang Asia**  (**ASEAN**  , rarely  ) metung yang aguman a geo-political ampong ekonomiku da reng apulung bangsang atyu king  and economic organization of ten countries located in Mauli Aslagang Asia, a mitátag anyang 8 Agosto 1967 kapamilata'ning Indonesia, Malaysia, Filipinas, Singapore ampong Thailand. Manibat kanita, miragdagan la reng kayanib, at miyabe la ya ing Brunei, Burma (Myanmar), Cambodia, Laos, ampong Vietnam. Kayabe la kareng kayang parasan deng pangasaplala ning ekonomiya (*economic growth*), panyulung ning sosyedad o ketawan (*social progress*), pangayalkus ning kultura da reng kayang kayanib (*cultural development among its members*), pamaningat king karatunan ampong katatagan ning labuad (*protection of regional peace and stability*), ampong pamikatagun da reng bangsang kayanib a pisabyan la reng karelang e pamikasundu king taimik a paralan (*opportunities for member countries to discuss differences peacefully*).

Maki lapad yang 4.46&nbsp;million km² ing ASEAN, a 3% ning gabun nang leparan ning Yatu, ampong populasyun a manga 600 milyun, a 8.8% ning populasyun ning yatu. Maygit yang makatatlu ing leparan ning dayatmalat ning ASEAN kesa king leparan ning kayang gabun. Anyang 2011, ing piaben-abayan nang nominal GDP miras maygit US$ 2&nbsp;trillion. If ASEAN were a single entity, it would rank as the eighth largest economy in the world.

## Ding daleráyan

## Ding suglung palual

; Aguman
* ASEAN Secretariat, retrieved 13 March 2007.
* ASEAN Regional Forum , retrieved 13 March 2007.
* BBC Country Profile/Asean, retrieved 13 March 2007.
* ASEAN Foundation, retrieved 13 March 2007.

; Deng Summit
* 14th ASEAN Summit
* 13th ASEAN Summit  official site. Retrieved 16 September 2007.
* 12th ASEAN Summit, retrieved 13 March 2007.
* 11th ASEAN Summit (official site)  12–14 December 2005 in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Retrieved 13 March 2007.

; Deng aguman ning ASEAN 
* ASEAN's official directory of ASEAN organisations 
* ASEAN Architect 
* ASEAN Law Association
* ASEAN Ports Association 
* US-ASEAN Business Council
* ASEAN-China Free Trade Area
Joel Rosario

I **Joel Rosario** (mibait Enero 14, 1985) metung yang hineteng Dominicanu king Americanung pamangarerang Thoroughbred. Kilub ning limang duminggu anyang 2013, ya ing sinake kareng sinambut king Dubai World Cup ampong Kentucky Derby.

## Dalerayan

* Joel Rosario at the NTRA
Saul Bass

I **Saul Bass** (Mayo 8, 1920 – Abril 25, 1996) metung yang Americanung graphic designer ampong talagawang pelikulang sinambut Oscar, a pikabalwan dili king kayang disenyu da reng *title sequence* ampong poster da reng pelikula, ampo deng logo da reng kumpanya.

Kilub ning karera nang apat a pulung (40) banwa, megobra ya i Bass para kareng mapilan kareng pekasikat a talagawang pelikula ning Hollywood, antimo di Alfred Hitchcock, Otto Preminger, Billy Wilder, Stanley Kubrick ampong Martin Scorsese. Kayabe ya kareng pekasikat nang title sequence ing kikimut a ginupit a papil (*animated paper cut-out*) ning takde ning adik king heroin para king pelikula nang Preminger a *[[The Man with the Golden Arm]]*, nung nu deng credit pupulayi la ketang kaybat maging matas pangakwa (*high-angle shot*) ning skyscraper king *[[North by Northwest]]* nang Hitchcock, ampo ing sulat a e tuglung-tuglung (*disjointed text*) a pupulaying abe-abe ampong mikakawani king *[[Psycho (1960 film)|Psycho]]*.

Dinisenyu nong Bass deng kapansin-pansin logo da reng kumpanya king Pangulung America, kayabe ne ing kampana ("bell") a logo ning AT&T anyang 1969, ampo ing "globe" logo ning AT&T anyang 1983 kaybat nang misalbag ning Bell System after the kaybat nang misalbag ning Bell System. Migdisenyu ya mu namang "jetstream" logo para king Continental Airlines anyang 1968 ampong "tulip" logo  para king United Airlines anyang 1974, a meging metung kareng pekakilalang logo ning industria da reng airline king panaun a ita. Dininan neng dangalan ning Google i Saul Bass kapamilatan ning pamamili kaya king Google Doodle anyang Mayo 8, 2013.

## Dalerayan

## Karagdagang babasan
* Kirkham, Pat and Jennifer Bass (2011). *Saul Bass: A Life in Film & Design*. London: Laurence King. ISBN 978-1-85669-752-1.
* Tomislav Terek (2001). *Saul Bass on Titles: Film Titles Revealed*. Defunkt Century. ISBN 1-903792-00-2.

## Suglung palwal

*
*Titles Designed by Saul Bass (still sequences & commentary)
*Saul Bass Title Sequences on Art of the Title
*Title Sequences from Saul Bass (videos & commentary)
*Saul Bass Posters Archive
*Saul Bass on the Web
*Saul Bass in the Looniverse
*Pitch video for 1969 Bell System logo, uniform, and vehicle redesign 
*saul bass history in thai language
Amanung Sweku

Ing **Amanung Sweku** (*svenska*, Ingles: *Swedish*, Espanyol: *sueco*) metung ya kareng pamyalita king Europa.
Dave Brubeck

I **David Warren** "**Dave**" **Brubeck** (Diciembre 6, 1920&nbsp;– Diciembre 5, 2012) metung yang Americanung jazz pianist ampong kompositor, a tuturing dang metung kareng manimunang talataguyud ning cool jazz. Sinulat yang mapilang jazz standard, antimo ing "In Your Own Sweet Way" ampo ing "The Duke". Pupulayi ing istilu nang Brubeck manibat king mapinu (*refined*) angga king masigla o "mayangin" (*bombastic*), at masasalamin keti ing pamanyubuk nang ima nang papagaral yang musikang klasiku (*classical*) ampo ing kayang widu (*improvisation*). Kilala ing kayang musika king pamangamit e karaniwan a *time signature*, ampo ing kayang pamitumpak-tumpak kareng misasalungat o miyayaliwang ritmo, sukad ampong  *tonality*. Ing malambat nang meging kapareha king musika (*musical partner*), ing alto saxophonist a i Paul Desmond, ing sinulat king tonu o lawiwing pang-saxophone (*saxophone melody*) ning atatandanan dang diling pyesa ning Dave Brubeck Quartet, ing "Take Five", a 5/4 *time* at menatiling *jazz classic* king metung kareng pekamasaling *jazz album*, ing *[[Time Out (album)|Time Out]]*. Mig-eksperimentu ya i Brubeck king time signature king kabilugan ning kayang karera, at rinekord ne ing "Pick Up Sticks" king 6/4, ing "Unsquare Dance" king 7/4, ing "World's Fair" king 13/4, ampo ing "Blue Rondo à la Turk" king 9/8. Metung ya muring gagalangan a kompositor ning musikang pang-orkesta ampong pang-psamban (*sacred music*), at sinulat yang *soundtrack* para king telebisyun antimo ing *[[Mr. Broadway]]* ampo ing kikimut o *cartoons* (*animated*) a miniseries, ing *[[This Is America, Charlie Brown]]*.

## Dalerayan

## Suglung palwal

* Brubeck's official website
* Dave Brubeck Biography at www.jazz-piano.org
* 
* 
* 
* Brubeck Institute  at the University of the Pacific
* ''Rediscovering Dave Brubeck'' , PBS, December 16, 2001 documentary
* Brubeck biography and concert review in cosmopolis.ch
* University of the Pacific Library's Digital Collections website
* "Q&A Special: Dave Brubeck, a Life in Music" theartsdesk.com
* Interview: Dave Brubeck & the First Annual Maine Jazz Festival , *Portland Magazine*
Kaarian ning Holanda

Ing **Kaarian ning Holanda** ( ; ), a karaniwang mayayaus **Holanda**, metung yang soberaniang estadu ampong kaarian a konstitusyonal (*constitutional monarchy*) a maki teritoryu king Albugang Europa ampo king Caribbean. Deng apat a dake ning Kaarian Aruba, Curaçao, Holanda, ampong Sint Maartenausan dong bangsa at miugnayan la antimong pante-panteng dake ning Kaarian. Nanupata, king pangkaraniwan a palakad, panibalan no ning Holanda (a bibilug king manga 98% ning leparan gabun ampong populasyun ning Kaarian) para king kabilugan ning Kaarian, nung nu deng Aruba, Curaçao, ampong Sint Maarten magdependi la king Holanda.

Ing misnang keragulan nang dake ning bangsa ning Holanda atyu king Europa, liban kareng atlung espesial a munisipalidad (Bonaire, Sint Eustatius, ampong Saba) a atyu king Caribbean. Deng bangsang Aruba, Curaçao, ampong Sint Maarten atyu la mu naman king Caribbean.

## Footnotes

## Dalerayan

## Suglung palwal

* The Charter for the Kingdom of the Netherlands  (pdf)
* Chief of State and Cabinet Members 
*
Malvino Salvador

**Malvino Ramos Salvador** (mibait Eneru 31, 1976) metung yang Brazilanang artista. 

## Aliwa pang website (karinan king Aptas)
*
Satyajit Ray

I **Satyajit Ray** (, ; 2 Mayo 1921&nbsp;– 23 Abril 1992) metung yang talagawang pelikulang Indian a tuturing dang metung kareng pekamapyang auteur (*greatest auteurs*) ning yatu ning pelikula. Mibait ya i Ray king lakanbalen o syudad ning Calcutta king pamilyang  Bengaling sikat king yatu ning arte ampong literatura. Inumpisan na ing kayang karera antimong *commercial artist* i Ray, a milub king pamangawang timawang pelikula (*independent film*) i Ray kaybat dang mikit ning talagawang pelikulang Pranses a i  Jean Renoir, at ayalben ne ing pelikula nang Vittorio De Sicang Italian neorealist anyang 1948 a *[[Bicycle Thieves]]* anyang binisita ya king London.

Migdirek yang 36 a pelikula i Ray, kayabe la reng *feature film*, documentary ampong short. Metung ya muring talasulat pisyon He was also a (*fiction writer*), talalimbag (*publisher*), talagulis (*illustrator*), *calligrapher*, *graphic designer* ampong kritikung pangpelikula. Sinulat yang mapilan a makuyad a salita He authored several (*short stories*) ampong nobela, a keraklan makatutuk kareng anak ampng kayanakan. I Feluda, ing detektib, ampo ing the sleuth, ampo i Professor Shonku, ing siyentista, sikat lang tauan king piksyon a lelangan na.  

Sinambut yang labing metung a galal a internasyunal ing mumuna nang pelikulang Ray, ing *[[Pather Panchali]]* (1955), kayabe ya ing *Best Human Documentary* king [Cannes Film Festival]]. Ining pelikula, ing *[[Aparajito]]* (1956) ampo ing *[[The World of Apu|Apur Sansar]]* (1959) bibilugan de ing *[[The Apu Trilogy]]*. I Ray ing ginawa king scripting, casting, scoring, ampong editing, at ya ing migdisenyu king sarili nang *credit title* ampong publisidad. Dakal ya tinggap a manimunang galal i Ray king kayang karera, kayabe la reng 32 Indian National Film Awards, pilang galal kareng internasyunal a *film festival* ampong seremonyang pamamye galal, ampong Academy Award anyang 1992. Peparangalan ne nng Kapamahalan ning India kapamilatan ning Bharat Ratna anyang 1992.

## Dalerayan

## Suglung palwal

*
* Experiencing Ray's "The Apu Trilogy"  
* Satyajit Ray Foundation 
* SatyajitRay.org
* 
*  article by W. Andrew Robinson
Salman Rushdie

I **Sir Ahmed Salman Rushdie** ( (Devanagari),  (Nastaʿlīq); ; mibait 19 Junio 1947) metung yang  British Indian a nobelista ampong talasulat salese o sanese (*essayist*).  Sinambut yang Booker Prize anyang 1981 ing kadwa nang nobela, ing *[[Midnight's Children]]* (1981). Tungkul king Indian subcontinent ing keraklan king sinulat nang piksyon. Sasabyan dang piyayabe na ing magical realism ampo ing pangkasalesayan a piksyon; makapatungkul ing kayang obra kareng dakal a pamituglung-tuglung, kaguluan, ampong pamanalis o pamaglipat pilatan ning Aslagan ampo ning Albugan.

Megi yang sentru ning kontrobersya ing kapat nang nobela, ing *[[The Satanic Verses]]* (1988), a memupul protesta ibat kareng Muslim kareng mapilang bangsa, kayabe no deng bayolenting reaksyon. Mika bala o kapiadyan laban king kayang bye, kayabe ya ing *[[fatwā]]*ng pepalwal nang Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini, ing Kakataskatasan a Pekapun ning Iran (*Supreme Leader of Iran*), anyang 14 Febrero 1989.

Mituldu yang Commandeur de l'Ordre des Arts et des Lettres king Pransiya i Rushdie anyang Enero 1999. Kanitang Junio 2007, gewa neng  kabalyerung (*knighted*)  Reina Elizabeth II i Rushdie uling king kayang kasuyuan o serbisyu king malagung panyulat o literatura. Anyang 2008, binili ne ning *[[The Times]]* king kalabing atlu (*13th*) king kayang listaan da reng limampulung mapyang diling Briton manibat anyang 1945.

Manibat kanitang 2000, king Estados Unidos ne makatuknang i Rushdie, at magobra ya king Emory University; miyalal yang miabe king American Academy of Arts and Letters. Ing pekabayu nang libru ya pin ing *[[Joseph Anton: A Memoir]]*, a tungkul king kayang bye manibat anyang kontrobersya tungkul king *The Satanic Verses*.

## Notes


## Dalerayan

## Suglung palwal

*Salman Rushdie official website
*
**''In Depth'' interview with Rushdie, 5 December 2010
*
*
*Article archive at Journalisted
*
*
*
*
*
*Contemporary writers: Salman Rushdie. British Council: Arts
*
*''New York Times'' special feature on Rushdie, 1999
Horacio Cartes

I **Horacio Manuel Cartes Jara** (mibait 5 Julio 1956) metung yang negosyanting Paraguayan ampong mialal a pamuntuk ning Paraguay anyang alalan ning Abril 2013. Kayanib ya king Partido Colorado at makatuldu yang lukluk keng 15 Agosto.

Ating yang adwang dusenang negosyu i Cartes king kayang Grupo Cartes a sasaklo king tabaku, di boti (*soft drinks*), produksyon ning karni, ampong pamagbangku. Manibat anyang 2001, ya ing pamuntuk ning Club Libertad *football club* .

## Dalerayan

## Suglung palwal
*Talambye nang Horacio Cartes neng CIDOB  (king Castila)
Roberto Azevêdo

**Roberto Carvalho de Azevêdo**  (mibait 3 Octubre 1957) metung yang Brazilianung diplomatiku ampong pekakatawan ning Brazil king Agumang Pangyatu king Kalakal (*World Trade Organization*) manibat anyang 2008. Kanitang Mayo 2013, miyalal yang Direktor-Heneral ning Agumang Pangyatu king Kalakal (*Director-General of the World Trade Organization*), kayalili nang Pascal Lamy kaybat ning 1 Setiembre 2013.

## Notes

## Dalerayan
Bam Aquino

I **Paolo Benigno** "**Bam**" **Aguirre Aquino IV** (míbayit 7 ya ing Mayo 1977) métung yang  Filipinong politicung migsilbing senador ning Filipinas manibat 2013 anggang 2019. Kayánib né ning Katipunan ng Nagkakaisang Pilipino (KANP), i Aquino, a migsilbing Minority Floor Leader ning Senado ning Filipinas manibat 2017 to 2019, at tutúring deng senator-elect kaybat ning alalan para king Senado ning Filipinas para king 2025. 

## Dalerayan

*Arquiza, Yasmin D.“In new Cory-Ninoy docu: A lesson in letting go”.*GMA News Online*.(Accessed on October 23, 2012).
*“rags2riches”.*rags2riches*.(Accessed on October 23, 2012).
*Legaspi, Amita.“Bam Aquino files COC for senator, says he won't be lapdog of cousin PNoy”.*GMA News Online*.(Accessed on October 23, 2012).
*Sauler, Erika.“Bam Aquino: I can serve Philippines better as senator”.*Inquirer News*.(Accessed on October 23, 2012).
Boyko Borisov

I **Boyko Metodiev Borisov** (, ; mibait 13 Junio 1959) metung yang pulitikung Bulgarian a migsilbing Pun Ministru ning Bulgaria manibat 2009 anggang 2013. Megi yang Alkaldi ning Sofia manibat 8 Noviembre 2005 anggang mituldu yang Pun Ministru.

## Dalerayan

## Suglung palwal

*CityMayors profile

|-
Kulitan

Ing **Kulitan** (*Súlat Kapampangán*: ) 
métung ya karéng myayaliwang tindûk o úri ning pámanyúlat king Pilipinas. Panyúlat dé itî king Kapampángan (amánu), a amánung gagamítan da king Pampánga,  Tarlac, Bataan ampong Nueva Ecija.

Ing Kulitan métung yang Abugída o kaparalánan ning pámanyúlat a Alphasyllabary sistéma ning pámanyúlat nung nókarin ing déng súlat para karéng makikatni (*consonant*) tambing nong maki katning para king kákatni (*vowel*) (*possess a default vowel sound*) a malyáring míyalilan kapamilátan da réng garlit (*diacritical marks*). Kalúpa dé réng áliwang súlat king Mauli-Aslagang Ásya, king India ya ménibat ing minuná nang itsura ning kulitan.

Ing Kulitan mu ing ating istílu ning pámanyúlat kéng pilipinas a makasúlat mula kéng wanan patawling kaili, patalakad ménibat kéng bábo angga palálam kalúpa na ning kaugalian insik. Kéng tradisyúnal, susúlat ya ing kulitan karéng kawáyan, bulúng-tanáman, batú ampo papil at márakal pa.

## Dalerayan

## Suglung palwal
*Siuálâ ding Meángûbié on Kulitan: The Indigenous Kapampangan Script
*Nordenx on Súlat Kapampángan: Orthography, Typography, Fonts, and Calligraphy

### Fuenti a maliáring ikuldas (''Font downloads'')
*Kapampangan Fonts
Harry Turtledove

I **Harry Norman Turtledove** (mibait Junio 14, 1949) metung yang Americanung nobelista, a pikabaluan dili king obra na kareng mapilan a paksa o genre, kayabe la reng alternate history, historical fiction, fantasy, ampong science fiction.

## Dalerayan

## Suglung palwal

* Official Harry Turtledove website : A complete bibliography of Turtledove's work, including a list of his various series.
* Fantastic Fiction Author Page
* Harry Turtledove's page at Tor Books
* Official Turtledove YahooGroup
* Turtlewiki
* Harry Turtledove page on the Internet Book List
* 
* National Review Online audio interview with Harry Turtledove 
*
Talipampan

Ing **talipampan**, ***pseudonym*** o ***nom de plume***, lagyu yang gagamitan ning metung a talasulat bukud king kayang tutung lagyu, o lipat ning kayang tutung lagyu. Mapalyaring ing talalimbag o talabulalag (*publisher*) mû ing makibalu king tutu nang lagyu, o malyaring balu da ne deng keraklan. 

## Dalerayan ampong karagdagang babasan

* Room, Adrian (editor). *Dictionary of Pseudonyms: 11,000 Assumed Names and Their Origins*. McFarland, 2004. ISBN 0-7864-1658-0

## Ding suglung palual

*Pen Names
*How to Choose a Pen Name 
*The King's English, H. W. Fowler & F. G. Fowler
Nawaz Sharif

I ** Mian Muhammad Nawaz Sharif**  (Urdu/, ; mibait 25 Diciembre 1949) metung yang pulitiku ampong negosyanting Pakistani, a kaybat ning pamanyambut ning kayang partidu ketang alalan anyang 11 Mayo 2013, asahan deng magsilbi antimong tutuking Pun Ministru ning Pakistan, a migsilbi na antimong kalabing adwa (12th) ampong kalabing apat (14th) a Pun Ministru kareng adwang a mitutuking terminu manibat Noviembre 1990 anggang Julio 1993, at manibat Febrero 1997 anggang Octubre 1999. I Sharif ing Pamuntuk ning  Pakistan Muslim League-N, metung kareng pekamaragul king Pakistan. 's largest political parties. Antimong makibandi ning Ittefaq Group, metung a manimunang business conglomerate, metung ya mu naman kareng pekamakwaltang tau king Pakistan.

## Dalerayan

## Karagdagang babasan
* 
* 
* 
* 
* 
* 
* 
* 
* 

## Suglung palwal

*Nawaz Sharif  Elections & Constituency details on Pakistanelections.com.pk
*Nawaz Sharif  Topics on Onepakistan.com.pk
* 
* 

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Abugida

Ing **abugida**  (ibat king Ge‘ez አቡጊዳ *’äbugida*), a ausan da mu namang  **alphasyllabary**, metung yang segmental a sistema ning pamanyulat nung nu deng pamituki-tuking makikatni-kakatni (*consonant–vowel sequences*) misusulat la antimong metung a yunit: ing balang yunit makabasi ya king makikatning (*consonant*) letra, at ing simbulu da reng kakatni (*vowel notation*) pakaladwa ne mû. Iti makayaliwa ya king ganap a alpabetu, nung nu This contrasts with a full alpabetu, nung nu maki kabilyan la reng kakatning kapante da reng 
deng kakatni in which vowels have status equal to kakatni, at atin namang abjad, nung nu deng simbulu o pamagmarka kareng kakatni ala o malyaring ilako. (kareng kontekstu o kabilyan a e masyadung pormal, malyari lang awsang alpabetu deng atlung uri da reng sulat.) Kayabe ya kareng abugidas ing maleparan a Brahmic a pamilya da reng sulat king Mauli ampong Mauli Aslagang  Asia.

## Dalerayan

## Sulung palwal
*Syllabic alphabets – Omniglot's list of abugidas, including examples of various writing systems
*Alphabets – list of abugidas and other scripts (in Spanish)
*Comparing Devanagari with Burmese, Khmer, Thai, and Tai Tham scripts
Viktor Vasnetsov

I **Viktor Mikhaylovich Vasnetsov** (; Lop'jal near Vyatka, Mayo 15 (N.S.), 1848 — Moscow, Julio 23, 1926) metung yang Rusung pintor a makatutuk kareng paksang kaugne king mitolohiya ampong amlat  artist who (*specialized in mythological and historical subjects*). Tuturing deng metung kareng mitátag king pamaminturang Rusung modernistang poklorista ampong romantiku ampong ampong metung a manimunang tauan king pangimut a revivalist.

## Dalerayan

## Pikwanan
* A. K. Lazuko **Victor Vasnetsov**, Leningrad: Khudozhnik RSFSR, 1990, ISBN 5-7370-0107-5
* Vasnetsov Gallery 
* Poem of seven Fairy Tales    Victor Vasnetsov  at Tanais Gallery

## Suglung palwal
*
* Vasnetsov's tomb
Rufa Mae Quinto

I **Rufa Mae Quinto** (a maralas pagkamalyan dang susulat a Ruffa Mae Quinto) (mibait Mayo 28, 1978) metung yang Filipinang artista, komedyanti, ampong television host.

Sinambut neng apat a  PMPC Star Award i Quinto, a metung kareng artistang masikan diling magpalub panakitan (*bankable*) king industria, a maki maragul a *hit* a pelikula antimo ing Apat-Dapat, Dapat-Apat, Pasukob, Desperadas, Manay Po 2, I.T.A.L.Y. ampong Desperadas 2. Pikabalwan ya i Quinto kareng kayang makatulang ekspresyon antimo ing "Ok, fine", "`Todo Na 'To!", "Pasensiya Na", "Para sa Bayan", "Move on", "GO GO GO!!!" ampong "To the highest level!!". Lipat ning artista ya king GMA Network i Quinto, metung ya kareng ditak a artistang tatalnan nang Boy Abunda, metung a personalidad king karibal a istasyung telebisyon a ABS-CBN.

Migumpisa ya king pamag-artista i Quinto kaybat nang miabe king *That's Entertainment* (1996). Pekamaragul neng *break* ing Gloria, Gloria Labandera (1997). Sinikat ya i Quinto king pamaglage na king tauan a "Booba" ampong "Boobita Rose" kareng pelikulang menakitan o *hit*.

## Filmography
### Telebisyon

### Pelikula
*Kalabog en Bosyo (1994)
*Grepor Butch Belgica Story (1995)
*Manalo, Matalo, Mahal Kita (1995)
*Ang Pinakamagandang Hayop sa Balat ng Lupa (1996)
*Dyesebel (1996)
*April Boys: Sana Makapiling Muli Ako (1996)
*Ang Tipo Kong Lalake, Maginoo Pero Medyo Bastos (1996)
*Paracale Gang (1996)
*Pipti Pipti (1996)
*Pablik Enemi 1 n 2: Aksidental Heroes (1997)
*Si Mokong, si Astig, at si Gamol (1997)
*Gloria, Gloria Labandera (1997)
*Papunta Ka Pa Lang, Babalik na Ako (1997)
*Anak ni Boy Negro (1997)
*Magkapalad (1997)
*Habang Nasasaktan Lalong Tumatapang (1997)
*Parak: The Bobby Barbers Story (1997)
*Matinik na Bading, Mga Syukang Buking (1997)
*Squala (1998)
*Ang Erpat Kong Astig (1998)
*Sumigaw Ka Hanggang Gusto Mo (1999)
*Bayadra Brothers (1999)
*Dahil May Isang Ikaw (1999)
*Bullet (1999)
*Asin at Paminta (1999)
*Ako ang Lalagot sa Hininga Mo (1999)
*Mana-mana Tiba-tiba (2000)
*Kailangan Ko'y Ikaw (2000)
*Booba (2001)
*Baliktaran: Si Ace at si Daisy (2001)
*Radyo (2001)
*Pagdating ng Panahon (2001)
*Mahal Kita: Final Answer!(2002)
*Super B (2002)
*Hula Mo, Huli Ko (2002)
*A.B. Normal College: Todo na 'yan, Kulang pa 'yun (2003)
*Captain Barbell (2003)
*Masikip sa Dibdib (2004)
*La Visa Loca (2005)
*D' Anothers (2005) *(Cameo role)*
*Ako Legal Wife: Mano Po 4?! (2005)
*Oh, My Ghost! (2006)
*Apat Dapat, Dapat Apat (2007)
*Pasukob (2007)
*Desperadas (2008)
*Manay Po 2! Overload (2008)
*I.T.A.L.Y. (2008)
*Desperadas 2 (2008)
*Status: Single (2009)
*OMG (Oh, My Girl!) (2009)
*Kimmy Dora (2009)
*Wapakman (2009)
*Si Agimat at si Enteng Kabisote (2010)
*Temptation Island (2011)

## Dalerayan

## Suglung palwal
*Rufa Mae Quinto official site
Jamby Madrigal

I **María Ana Consuelo Madrigal Valade** (mibait yang **María Ana Consuelo Abad Santos Madrigal** anyang Abril 26, 1958), a mas kilala king lagyung **Jamby Madrigal**, metung yang pulitiku king Filipinas. Miyalal ya anyang pangkabilugang alalan ning 2004 antimong Senador. Tinagal yang pamuntuk o presidenti anyang alalang pang-pamuntuk ning 2010 (*2010 presidential elections*) oneng mesambut ya.

## Dalerayan

## Suglung palwal
*Jamby's Official Website 
*Jamby's Senate Bio
*Jamby's I-Site Profile
*Will you vote for Jamby Madrigal for President?  - 2010 Philippines Election Poll
*Presidential candidate runs amok in Tanay
Edward Bernays

I **Edward Louis Bernays** (Noviembre 22, 1891 – Marzo 9, 1995) metung yang Austrianu-Americanung talapamuklat-dalan (*pioneer*) king larangan ning ugnayang pangmalda (*public relations*) ampong propaganda, a meyaus ketang kayang obituariung "ibpa ning uganayang pangmalda" (*"the father of public relations"*). Piyanib no deng paglalawe da ri Gustave Le Bon ampong Wilfred Trotter king crowd psychology kareng palage nang psychoanalytical ning kayang bapa,  i Sigmund Freud.

## Notes

## Dalerayan

*American National Biography v. 2, Oxford University Press, 1999.
*John Stauber and Sheldon Rampton, *[http://www.prwatch.org/books/tsigfy.html Toxic Sludge Is Good For You: Lies, Damn Lies and the Public Relations Industry]*
*Edward Bernays, *Biography of an Idea: Memoirs of a Public Relations Counsel*
*Larry Tye, *The Father of Spin: Edward L. Bernays and the Birth of Public Relations* (1998, ISBN 0-517-70435-8) (excerpt)
*Scott Cutlip, *The Unseen Power: Public Relations: A History* (1994, ISBN 0-8058-1464-7)
*Stuart Ewen, *PR! A Social History of Spin* (1996, ISBN 0-465-06168-0, (excerpt)
*
*
*Marvin Olasky column on his interview with Bernays at Townhall.com 
* Wilfred Trotter (1919). *Instincts of the Herd in Peace and War* - 4th impression, with postscript. New York, MacMillan.

## Suglung palwal

*The Father of Spin 
*Visiting Edward Bernays - Chapter 1 of a book by Stuart Ewen (1996) 
*Torches of Freedom Video Clip 
*Edward L. Bernays tells the story of "Torches of Freedom" in his own words -video clip -1999 
*Meet Edward Bernays (audio documentary)
*The Edward L. Bernays papers, 1982-1998 (bulk 1993-1995)  are located in the Northeastern University Libraries, Archives and Special Collections Department, Boston, MA.
*''Booknotes'' interview with Larry Tye on ''The Father of Spin: Edward L. Bernays & The Birth of Public Relations'', September 20, 1998.
Ugnayang pangmalda

Ing **Ugnayang pangmalda**  (**public relations** o **PR**) ing dapat a pamanibala king pamikalat ning impormasyun pilatan ning indibidwal o between an individual or aguman o organisasyun ampo ing malda o publiku (*public*). Malyaring iyabe king ugnayang pangmalda ing aguman o individual a miraras king malda kapamilatan ning pamangamit kareng paksang pangpublikung interes ampong balitang e mangaylangang diretsung pamamayad. Ing parasan o kapagnasan ning ugnayang pangmalda ya pin ing pamagkumbinsi king malda o publiku, deng mamuhunan (*investors*), kasosyu (*partners*), empleadyu, ampong reng aliwang sektor a maki interes keting mika partikular a pamalak o paglalawe tungkul kaniti, deng kayang manibala, produktu, o desisyung pampulitika. Kayabe la kareng aktibidad a makaugne keti deng pamagsalita kareng kumperensya, pamanyambut galal king industria, pamakiugnayan kareng pahayagan, ampong komunikasyun kareng empleyadu.

## Dalerayan

## Karagdagang babasan

* A History of Public Relations , from The Institute for Public Relations
* Scott Cutlip (1994) *The Unseen Power: Public Relations: A History*, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates ISBN 0-8058-1464-7 .
* Scott Cutlip (1995) *Public Relations History: from the 17th to the 20th Century*, Lawrence Earlbaum Associates ISBN 0-8058-1780-8 .
Juba

Ing **Juba** ing tungku (kapitolyu, kabisera/cabecera o buntuk balen) ampong pekamaragul a lakanbalen o syudad/ciudad ning is the capital and largest city of the Republica ning Mauling Sudan. Magsilbi ya mu namang tungku ning Central Equatoria, ing pekamalati kareng apulung estadu ning Mauling Sudan. Atyu ing lakanbalen king White Nile at magsilbi yang kapitolyu ampong  metropolis ning Juba County.

## Dalerayan

## Suglung palwal

* Fisher, J.  2005, 'Southern Sudan's Front-line Town', *BBC News*, 20 April 2005.
* Holt, K. 2007, 'In pictures: Juba's Street Struggle', *BBC News*, 4 January 2007.
* Sudan And Uganda Sign MoU To Develop Infrastructure 
* 'Gulu-Juba rail link underway' 
* World's Newest Nation would Start Almost from Scratch – article & video by *[[The McClatchy Company|McClatchy]]*
* Profile of The City of Juba
Rio De Janeiro

Ing **Rio de Janeiro** ( o ; , *Ilug ning Enero January*), a keraklan ausan da mung  **Rio**, ing lakanbalen a tungku o syudad a kapitolyu/kabisera (*capital city*) Estadu ning Rio de Janeiro, ing kadwang pekamaragul a lakanbalen o syudad ning Brazil, ampo ing katlung pekamaragul a karinan a metropolitan ampong agglomeration king Mauling America, a maki boasting approximately 6.3 milyung tau king kabalenan ning lakanbalen, at uli na niti yang ka-6 a pekamaragul king Americas, ampo ing ka26 king yatu.  Ing Rio de Janeiro karinan ne ning World Heritage Site a maki lagyung *"Rio de Janeiro: Carioca Landscapes between the Mountain and the Sea"*, as granted by UNESCO on 1 July 2012 in the category Cultural Landscape.

Adwa yang dilanwa o siglung tungku o kapitolyu/kabisera Brazil, manibat 1763 anggang 1815 anyang panaun a kolonyal a Portugues, at 1815 anggang 1821 antimong tungku ning [Misanmetung a Kaarian ning [Misanmetung a Kaarian ning Portugal, Brazil ampong Algarves|Misanmetung a Kaarian ning Portugal, Brazil ampong Algarves]], ampong 1822 anggang 1960 antimong timawang bangsa. Ing Rio maki palayo ya o bansag a *[[Cidade Maravilhosa]]* o "Marvelous City" ("Makapagmulalang Lakanbalen").

## Dalerayan

## Suglung pawal

* Images of Rio—Hundreds of images from the 1920s to the present  
* 
* Rio de Janeiro | Places to Go and Tourist Attractions 
* 
* Rio de Janeiro | Social Network, City Wide Forums And Discussion 
* 2012 Rio de Janeiro Travel
* Rio de Janeiro Photos 
* AboutBrasil/Rio de Janeiro - The Marvellous City
John Garang

I **John Garang de Mabior** (Junio 23, 1945 – Julio 30, 2005) pulitiku ya ampong pekapun a Sudanese. Manibat 1983 anggang  2005, ya ing tinalan king Sudan People's Liberation Army anyang Kadwang Gerang Sibil a Sudanese, at kaybat ning pamikasundung pangkaratunan (*peace agreement*) sinagli yang migsilbing Mumunang Kadwang Pamuntuk ning Sudan (*First Vice President of Sudan*) manibat 9 Julio 2005 anggang mete ya king pangabagsak ning helicopter anyang 30 Julio 2005.

## Dalerayan
* *Aufstand in der Dreistadt* by Thomas Schimidinger in *Jungle World* Nr.32: August 10, 2005; ISSN 1613-0766

## Suglung palwal

*
*Official website of the Sudan People's Liberation Army
*A State Department archive of information from before January 2001
*   Sudan ex-rebel joins government, BBC, July 9, 2005
*Obituary, BBC
* Deadly riots erupt in Sudan after Garang death , Reuters, August 1, 2005
* The return of a Sudanese survivor, opinion piece in The Daily Star, Lebanon, July 19, 2005 – some info on early life
*Uganda Joins Sudan in Investigating Garang's Death, William Eagle, *[[Voice of America]]*, August 9, 2005