Gioachino Rossini

I *Gioachino Antonio Rossini*' ( (Giovacchino Antonio Rossini king baptismal certificate) (29 Febrero 1792 &ndash; 13 Noviembre 1868) metung yang kompositor a Italianung sinulat atllung pulu't syam (39) a opera as ampong banal a musika, chamber music, kanta, ampong pyesang para kareng instrumentu ampong pianu. Kayabe la kareng kayang pekakilalang opera ding komediang Italianung *Il barbiere di Siviglia* (*[[Ing Barberu ning Sevilla]]*) ampo ing *[[La Cenerentola]]* ampo reng epiku king amanung  Pranses, deng *[[Moïse et Pharaon]]* ampong *Guillaume Tell* (*[[William Tell (opera)|William Tell]]*). Kapansin-pansin ing kayang kaburyan kareng lawiwi o tonu (melodies) a balamu kanta king kabilugan da reng kayang score, a penibatan ning palayong "Ing Italianung Mozart." ("The Italian Mozart."). Anggang migretiru ya anyang 1829, i Rossini ing pekasikat a kompositor da reng opera king kabilugan ning amlat o kasalesayan (the most popular opera composer in history).

### Notes

Kareng kayang komposisyun, e mikakunung mangopya kareng sarili nang obra i Rossini, metung a bageng maralas dang gagawan deng kompositor anyang panaun a itang masisipit kareng deadline.  Ditak la mu kareng kayang operang alang samut a anti kanita, a mibibili kapamilatan da reng aria o overture. Alimbawa, king *Il Barbiere* ating aria para king Konde (a maralas e ra pálage) "Cessa di più resistere", a ginamit nang Rossini (a inalilan nang bagya) king cantatang *Le Nozze di Teti e di Peleo* ampo king *[[La Cenerentola]]* (ing cabaletta para king rondo nang Angelina rondo alus e miyalilan). Bukud kaniti, deng apat kareng pekakilala nang overture, (*[[La cambiale di matrimonio]]*, *[[Tancredi]]*, *La Cenerentola* ampong *[[The Barber of Seville]]*), maki kapareu lang opera bukud karetang pekakilalang makaugne kareti.

Ing metung a hilig nang gawan Rossini king orchestral scoring, ing makaba ampong bagya-bagyang pamanikdu o pamangimut ning katni (sound) king metung a pigurang ostinato figure, a maglalang bagyu kareng tasang magumpisa king sitsti at mumukiat king bagyung sasabeung ampong kikislap ("tempests in teapots by beginning in a whisper and rising to a flashing, glittering storm,") which earned him the nickname of "Signor Crescendo".

Mindatila/menatili lang sikat king mabilug nang bieng Rossini deng mapilan kareng opera, at taglus-taglus la kasikatan manibat kanita; deng aliwa, mitikdo la manibat king e pamikilala anyang tauli nang dake ning kadwang pulung dilanua o siglu, ketang ausan dang "bel canto revival."

Agpang king talambye nang Herbert Weinstock a misulat anyang 1968 biography (lon ya king lalam), maki alaga yang 2.5 milyung francs ing kayang pibandyan kamate na anyang 1868, a katumbas ning 1.4 milyung US dollars. Bukud kareng indibidwal a pamana para king asawa na ampong kamaganak, Pepamana ne murin ing kabilugan ning kayang pibandyan king Commune ning Pesaro. Mibili ya o me-invest ing pamana bayang mitátag ing metung a *Liceo Musicale* (Conservatory) king balen. Anyang 1940, nung kapilan mibili king lalam ning kapamahalan ing *Liceo* at megi yang *[[Conservatorio Statale di Musica "Gioachino Rossini"]]*, ing aguman nung nu miyalis ing pamana nang Rossini, kinwa ne ing lagyung  *Fondazione G. Rossini*. Aktibu la pa muring papalyari deng parasan na o kapakayan ning institusyon, a saupan la reng gagawan Conservatorio at manimuna king pamanigaral ampong pamikalat ning pangatau ampong obra nang Rossini. Manibat king pamagmula na niti, mekiugnayan ya ing institusyon king Rossini Opera Festival.

Mamye ya murin pondu ing pamana nang Rossini king Prix Rossini, metung a galal o premyu para kareng kayanakan a kompositor ampong susulat libretto o librettist. Mipalyari ya ining probisyon anyang 1878 kamate ning kayang byuda, at bibye ne ining galal ning Académie des Beaux-Arts. Migpalage ya kareng sinambut a obra ing Société des Concerts, Institut de France, manibat 1885 anggang 1911.

## Obra

## Dalerayan
;Notes

;Sources
*Fisher, Burton D., *The Barber of Seville* (Opera Classics Library Series). Grand Rapids: Opera Journeys, 2005.
*Gossett, Philip, "Rossini, Gioachino" in Grove Music Online (Oxford Music Online, November 17, 2009)
*Osborne, Richard, *Rossini: His Life and Works* (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007)
*Osborne, Richard, "Rossini" in *The Musical Times*, Vol. 127, No. 1726 (December 1986), 691 (Musical Times Publications Ltd.) http://www.jstor.org/stable/964669
*Steen, Michael, *The Lives and Times of the Great Composers* (NY: Oxford University Press, 2004)
*Weinstock, Herbert, *Rossini: A Biography* (New York, 1968)

## Suglung palwal

* Gioachino Rossini biography 
* Fondazione G. Rossini
* List and text of the songs on the website of the ''German Rossini Society''
* Rossini Opera Festival
* Rossini in Wildbad – Belcanto opera festival
* The Center for Italian Opera Studies : Rossini critical edition
* [] – Riccardo Caramella performs Quatre Mendiants, Quatre hors d'oeuvres

;Kasulatan, libru
* ''Memoirs of Rossini'' by Marie Henri Beyle, Gioacchino Rossini, published in 1824
* ''Books'' with "Rossini" as author (at *Google Books*)
* ''Books'' with occurrences of "Rossini" (at *Google Books*)
* ''Texts'' with occurrences of "Rossini" (at archive.org)
* 
*La vie de Rossini (fr) by Stendhal, tome I (at gutenberg.org)
*La vie de Rossini (fr) by Stendhal, tome II (at gutenberg.org)

;Scores (sheetmusic)
* 
* 
* 
*

;Historical recordings
* Rossini cylinder recordings, from the Cylinder Preservation and Digitization Project at the University of California, Santa Barbara Library.

;Pelikula
* 

;Quotes
* Gioachino Rossini Quotes

;Tigtigan
* Recent and future performances of Rossini operas from Operabase

;Larawan
* 1867 Caricature of Rossini by André Gill