Oscar Niemeyer

I **Oscar Ribeiro de Almeida Niemeyer Soares Filho** (Diciembre 15, 1907 – Diciembre 5, 2012), a ausan dang **Oscar Niemeyer** , metung yang Brazilian a akitektung tuturing dang metung kareng manimunang tauan king pamanalkus ning makabayung arkitektura. Pikabalwan yang dili i Niemeyer king kayang pamagdisenyu kareng gusaling sibiku para king for Brasília, metung a lakanbalen a miplanu a (*planned city*) a meging tungku o buntukbalen  which became Brazil's (*capital*)l ning Brazil anyang 1960, ampong ing kayang pamakyabe kareng aliwang arkitektu king pamagdisenyu king Pun Tanggapan da areng Misasanmetung a Bangsa  (*United Nations Headquarters*) king New York City. Maragul ing impluwensya ning kayang pamanuklas kareng malyaring gawan king sementung pepasikan (*reinforced concrete*) king arkitektura ning tawling dake ning kadwang pulung dilanwa/siglu ampo ing mumunang dake ning kadwang pulu't metung a dilanwa (*late 20th and early 21st centuries*).

Mibait ya king Rio de Janeiro i Niemeyer, a megaral king Escola Nacional de Belas Artes king kayang lakanbalen, at kayari na, megobra ya king negosyu nang tata na king typography, at antimong delinyanti (*draftsman*) para kareng lokal a kumpanyang pang-arkitektura. In the 1930s, he interned with Lúcio Costa, with the pair collaborating on the design for the Palácio Gustavo Capanema in Rio de Janeiro. Ing mumuna nang maragul a proyektu yapin ing pamagdisenyu ning metung a serye da reng gusali para king Niemeyer's first major project was the design of a series of buildings for Pampulha, metung a planadung karulun (*planned suburb*) king pangulu ning karulun ning Belo Horizonte. Pinuri de reng kritiku ing kayang obra, lalu na ing Church of Saint Francis of Assisi, a apansinan de kareng aliwang bangsa. received critical acclaim, and drew Niemeyer international attention. Anyang dekadang 1940s ampong 1950s, megi yang metung kareng abalang diling arkitektu king Brazil i Niemeyer, at migdisenyu yang miyayaliwang gusali king bangsa na ampo king kilwal.

Anyang 1956, inagkat ne ning bayung pamuntuk o presidenti ning Brazil i Niemeyer a magdisenyu kareng gusaling pangsibiku ning bayu nang tungku o buntuk balen (*capital*) ning Brazil, a mitikdo king libutad ning bangsa, a marayu kareng lakanbalen o ciudad a atsu na. Anti la mong experimental deng kayang disenyu para king  His designs for the Pambangsang Kongresu ning Brazil, ing (*National Congress of Brazil*), ing Katedral ning Brasília Cathedral of Brasília, ing Sentrung Pangkultura ning Republika (*Cultural Complex of the Republic*), ing Palácio da Alvorada, ing Palácio do Planalto, and the Kakataskatasan a Ukuman a Pederal, a miyari ngan kanitang 1960, at miugne-ugne kapamilatan da reng milulupang dake o elementu ning disenyu. Uli na niting obra, mituldu ya antimong mumunang pekapun ning arkitektura king Universidad ning Brasília, ampong pangdangalan a pamiyanib king American Institute of Architects. Uli ning kayang ideolohiyang maka-kayli, ampong pamiugne king Partido Komunista ning Brazil (*Brazilian Communist Party*) (PCB), meko ya king bangsa i Niemeyer kaybat ning 1964 military coup, at kaybat memusni yang upisina king Paris. Mibalik ya king Brazil anyang 1985, at mibye ya kaya ing prestihyosung galal a Pritzker Architecture Prize kanitang 1988. Metung yang sosyalista ampong ateista manibat king kayang kayanakan i Niemeyer, a menuknangan king Cuba ampong Soviet Union anyang makalwal ya king bangsa na, at kabalik na, migsilbi yang pamuntuk ning PCB manibat 1992 anggang 1996. Taglus-taglus ya pa muring magobra i Niemeyer angga king wakas ning kadwang pulung dilanwa ampo ing mumunang dake ning kadwang pulu't metung a dilanwa, continued working at the (*end of the 20th and early 21st century*), at ya ing migdisenyu king Niterói Contemporary Art Museum (1996) ampo ing Novo Museu (2002). Mete ya king Rio de Janeiro anyang Diciembre 5, 2012, king edad a 104.

## Dalerayan

## Bibliography
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* A Vida É Um Sopro *"Life Is A Breath Of Air"* (2007). Documentary directed by Fabiano Maciel

## Ding suglung palual

* Official website
* Brasilia's Giga Panoramas Exhibit 
* May 2006 Interview with Niemeyer, age 98, in Metropolis Magazine 
* Pritzker Prize 1988 
* Niemeyer's Brasilia: A Photographic Tribute (2009)