Amánung Koptu

Ing **Coptic** o **Coptic Egyptian** ( *Met.Remenkīmi*) ing tauli nang dangka o *stage* ning Amanu ning Ehiptu Ehiptu, metung a amanung pangulung Afro-Asiatic a magagamit king Ehiptu angga aniang kalabimpitung dilanua o siglu. Migumpisa yang ginamit alpabetung Griegu ing Egyptian aniang mumunang dilanua;. Ing sulat a Coptic, metung a alpabetung ibat king Griegu at miyalilan bagia ba lang miragdag deng letrang mangabaldugang katning ala king Griegu. Pilan la reng makikilalang dialektung Coptic, at ing Sahidic ampong Bohairic ing pikabaluan dili.  

Uling dake na la ning kapanaunan ning bie ning Egyptian deng Coptic ampong Demotic, pareu lang malapit king Late Egyptian deti, a misusulat king sulat a hieroglyphic, dapot aliwa ing pamaniulat kareti.

Melabung ya ing Coptic antimong amanu ning malagung paniulat o literatura manibat aniang kadua anggang kalabing atlung dilaua, at angga ngeni, amanu yang magagamit king pisamban ing dialectung Bohairic king Iglesia nang Coptic ning Alexandria. Elilan ne ning Arabu ning Ehiptu aniang umpisa ning kapanaunan a modernu, dapot panigobran da ing pasibayung pamangambul na niti manibat aniang kalabingsiam a dilanua. Ating sasabing e ya man mete o mewala iti.
 
## Notes

## Dalerayan
### Pangkabilugan a pamagaral

* Emmel, Stephen. 1992. "Languages (Coptic)". In *The Anchor Bible Dictionary*, edited by David Noel Freedman. Vol. 4 of 6 vols. New York: Doubleday. 180–188.
* 
* Gignac, Francis Thomas. 1991. "Old Coptic". In *The Coptic Encyclopedia*, edited by Aziz Suryal Atiya. Vol. 8 of 8 vols. New York and Toronto: Macmillian Publishing Company and Collier Macmillian Canada. 169—188.
* Kasser, Radolphe. 1991. "Dialects". In *[[The Coptic Encyclopedia]]*, edited by Aziz Suryal Atiya. Vol. 8 of 8 vols. New York and Toronto: Macmillian Publishing Company and Collier Macmillian Canada. 87—96.
* Loprieno, Antonio. 1995. *Ancient Egyptian: A Linguistic Introduction*. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
* Polotsky, Hans Jakob. 1971. "Coptic". In *Afroasiatic: A Survey*, edited by Carleton Taylor Hodge. (Jana Linguarum: Series Practica; 163). 's Gravenhage and Paris: Mouton. 67–79.

### Gramatica/Garalita
* Chaîne, Marius. 1933. *Éléments de grammaire dialectale copte: bohairique, sahidique, achmimique, fayoumique*. Paris: Paul Geuthner.
* Eberle, Andrea, & Regine Schulz.  2004.  *Koptisch - Ein Leitfaden durch das Saïdische*.  LINCOM Languages of the World/Materials 07.  Munich:  LINCOM Europa.
* Lambdin, Thomas Oden. 1983. *Introduction to Sahidic Coptic*. Macon: Mercer University Press.
* Layton, Bentley. 2000. *A Coptic Grammar (Sahidic Dialect): With a Chrestomathy and Glossary*. (Porta linguarum orientalium; N.S., 20). Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz.
* Mallon, Alexis. 1956. *Grammaire copte: bibliographie, chrestomathie et vocabulaire*. 4th edition. Beyrouth.
* Mattar, Nabil. 1990. *A Study in Bohairic Coptic*. Pasadena: Hope Publishing House.
* Polotsky, Hans Jakob. 1987. *Grundlagen des koptischen Satzbaus*. American Studies in Papyrology 28. Decatur, Ga.: Scholars Press.
* Plumley, J. Martin. 1948. *[http://www.metalog.org/files/plum.html An Introductory Coptic Grammar (Sahidic Dialect)] *. London: Home & van Thal.
* Shisha-Halevy, Ariel. 1988. *Coptic Grammatical Chrestomathy: a course for academic and private study*. Orientalia lovaniensia analecta 30. Leuven: Peeters.
* Shisha-Halevy, Ariel. 1986. *Coptic Grammatical Categories: Structural Studies in the Syntax of Shenoutean Sahidic*. Analecta Orientalia 53. Roma: Pontificium Institutum Biblicum. ISBN 88-7653-255-2.
* Shisha-Halevy, Ariel. 2007. *Topics in Coptic Syntax: Structural Studies in the Bohairic Dialect*. Orientalia Lovaniensia Analecta 160. Leuven - Paris - Dudley, MA: Peeters. ISBN 978-90-429-1875-7.
* Till, Walter C. 1994. *Koptische Dialektgrammatik*. Berlin: Walter De Gruyter.
* Vergote, Jozef. 1973–1983. *Grammaire copte*. Leuven: Peeters.
* Younan, Sameh. 2005. *[http://www.learncoptic.com So, you want to learn Coptic? A guide to Bohairic Grammar] *. Sydney: St.Mary, St.Bakhomious and St.Shenouda Coptic Orthodox Church.

### Dicciunariu
* Černý, Jaroslav. 1976. *Coptic Etymological Dictionary*. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press.
* Crum, Walter Ewing. 1939. *[http://www.metalog.org/files/crum.html *A Coptic Dictionary*] *. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
* Vycichl, Werner. 1983. *Dictionnaire étymologique de la langue copte*. Leuven: Éditions Peeters.
* Westendorf, Wolfhart. 1965/1977. *Koptisches Handwörterbuch*. Heidelberg: Carl Winter.

### Phonology
* Depuydt, Leo. 1993. "On Coptic Sounds." *Orientalia* 62 (new series): 338–375.
* Loprieno, Antonio. 1997. "Egyptian and Coptic Phonology". In *Phonologies of Asia and Africa (Including the Caucasus)*, edited by Alan S. Kaye. Vol. 1 of 2 vols. Winona Lake: Eisenbrauns. 431–460.
* Peust, Carsten. 1999. *Egyptian Phonology: An Introduction to the Phonology of a Dead Language*. (Monographien zur ägyptischen Sprache; 2). Göttingen: Peust & Gutschmidt.

### Bibliography
* Kammerer, Winifred (compiler), *A Coptic Bibliography*, Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1950. (Reprint New York: Kraus Reprint Co., 1969)

## See also

* Coptic alphabet
* Coptic Church
* Egyptian language
* Egyptian Arabic
* Nag Hammadi library
* , currently in incubator stage

## Suglung palual
* ⲡⲓⲥⲁϧⲟ : Coptic language internet links  and bibliography 
* Ethnologue entry for Coptic
* Coptica.ch Online library of Coptic texts at University of Geneva (site text in French)
* New Athena Unicode font; includes the new Coptic range
* Online Coptic tutorial
* Remenkimi: A Coptic language resource
* The Coptic Gospel of Thomas
* Coptic Number Translator (CNT)
* Coptic Unicode test pages and fonts
* Coptic block in the Unicode 4.1 standard
* Heike Behlmer, Selected Bibliography on the Coptic Language 
* Coptic texts and manuscripts at Leiden University Library
* Ifao N Copte - A professional Coptic font for researchers.
* a set of Coptic Unicode fonts