Connective tissue

**Connective tissue** kan jedhamu kunii gossa qoqqodama tissue afuurenni kessa tokko dha, kan hafaan sadeen immo epithelial, muscle, fi nervous tissue. Tissuen hunda yokan bayeen qoqqodama kana jalatti argaman:

* Fakkii fi qarqarsa isaan qaban.
* Mesoderm irra dhufuu isaani, bayinaan.
* Ammalaa tissue lubbu hin qabneen qabachuun bayyinaan bekkamu isaanin, wal-fakkatu. 
Dhigaa, cartilage, fi Lafeen yeroo bayee connective tissue jedhamani bekkamu, garuu tissue birra qoqqodama kana kessatti argaman irra adda waan ta'aniif, maqaa "connective tissue proper" jedhamun sadeen kuni kan biraa irra gargari bafamu. Qoqqodama embryonic connective tissue kessattille garagarummati jiraa; fuula kana irratti qoqqodami kuni akka qoqqodama sadaffa fi qoqqodama kophat barrefame argama. 

## Qoqqodama

### Connective tissue proper

* Areolar (or loose) connective tissue kuni *organ*otta fi epithelia bakka isaanitti akka ta'an gochuu, fi protein fibres gargara ofii kessa qaba, collagen fi elastinille wajiin. Inflammation kessatille fayyida qaba. 
* Adipose tissuen adipocyte ofii kessa qaba, kuniis kan tajajilammu cushioning, thermal insulation, lubrication (bayyinaan pericardium kessattii) fi kuffama energy. [fat]
* Dense connective tissue (yokan, yeroo tokko tokko, fibrous connective tissue kan jedhamu) ligaments fi tendons umma. Kunii immo collagen fibres bayee walitti qabame yoo ta'u, kunis jabenna *tensile* (gargari-ba'uu akka lastikii) gudda qaba. 
* Reticular connective tissue kuniin xaxamaa fibresii (fine collagen, gossa III) kana skeleton (waan akka lafee) lafaa umme, kan organii lymphoid (lymph nodes, bone marrow, fi spleen) qarqaru dha.

### Specialized connective tissues

* Dhigaa ademma nafa kessatti tajajilla. Kuttan isaa cell alla argamu blood plasma yoo ta'uu, kunis nyataa, hormone fi carbon dioxide makamee jiruu akkataa bicarbonaten ademma isaani qarqara. Kutaan dhigaa cell kessatti argamu red blood cell dha.
* Lafeen kutta spinalii (spayinalii) dudaa kenyaa kessatti, skeleton bayee kessatti kan argamuu dha. 
* Cartilage kutta chondrichthyes kessatti, skeleton bayee kessatti kan argamu dha. Vertebrate birra kessatti, bayinaan joint kessatti argama, kunis cushioningiif tajajilla. Kutaan cartilage cell allat argamu bayinaan collagen ofii kessa qabu.

### Embryonic connective tissues
* Mesenchymal connective tissue
* Mucous connective tissue

## Gossa Fibersii
Gossi fibersii kaneen:
* collagenous fibers
* elastic fibers
* reticular fibers

## Rakoo (disorders) connective tissue

Rakoon connective tissue gargara bekkamanira; kunii immo kan dhalotaan dhufuu yokan kan *environment* (alla) dhufuu danda'u dha. 
* Marfan syndrome - dhukubaa genetic kana fibrillin sirii hin tanee fiduu dha.
* Scurvy - caused by a dietary deficiency in vitamin C, leading to abnormal collagen.
* Ehlers-Danlos syndrome - deficient type III collagen- a genetic disease causing progressive deterioration of collagens, with different EDS types affecting different sites in the body, such as joints, heart valves, organ walls, arterial walls, etc.
* Loeys-Dietz syndrome - a genetic disease related to Marfan syndrome, with an emphasis on vascular deterioration.
* Systemic lupus erythematosus - a chronic, multisystem, inflammatory disorder of probable autoimmune etiology, occurring predominantly in young women.
* Osteogenesis imperfecta (brittle bone disease) - caused by insufficient production of good quality collagen to produce healthy, strong bones.
* Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva - disease of the connective tissue, caused by a defective gene which turns connective tissue into bone.
* Spontaneous pneumothorax - collapsed lung, believed to be related to subtle abnormalities in connective tissue.
* Sarcoma - a neoplastic process originating within connective tissue.

## Staining of connective tissue

For microscopic viewing, the majority of the connective tissue staining techniques color tissue fibers in contrasting shades. Collagen may be differentially stained by any of the following techniques:
*Van Gieson's stain
*Masson's Trichrome stain
*Mallory's Aniline Blue stain
*Azocarmine stain
*Krajian's Aniline Blue stain

## See also
* Zootomy

## External links
* 
* 
* Overview at kumc.edu
* 
* Connective tissue atlas at uiowa.edu