open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Sega

**Sega Corporation**, yomwe imadziwika ndi dzina la *Sega*, ndi kampani yaku Japan yomwe ikugwira ntchito pa masewera a vidiyo. Iyi ndi kampani yochokera ku Shinagawa, Tokyo, ndipo ndi gawo la Sega Sammy Holdings. Sega ikupanga ma franchise ambiri a masewera omwe akugulitsa bwino kwambiri, kuphatikizapo *[[Sonic the Hedgehog]]*, *[[Angry Birds]]*, *[[Phantasy Star]]*, *[[Puyo Puyo]]*, *[[Super Monkey Ball]]*, *[[Total War (video game series)|Total War]]*, *[[Virtua Fighter]]*, *[[Megami Tensei]]*, *[[Sakura Wars]]*, *[[Persona (series)|Persona]]*, ndi *[[Yakuza (franchise)|Yakuza]]*. Kuyambira mu 1983 mpaka mu 2001, Sega inakhazikitsa ma console ake.

Sega inakhazikitsidwa ndi Martin Bromley ndi Richard Stewart pa June 3, 1960, monga **Nihon Goraku Bussan**. Pambuyo pake, kampaniyi inapeza katundu wa kampani ya kale ya Service Games of Japan. Mu 1965, inatchedwa Sega Enterprises, Ltd., mutatha kupititsa patsogolo Rosen Enterprises, yomwe inatumiza masewera a coin-operated. Sega inakhazitsa masewera ake oyamba a coin-operated, *Periscope*, mu 1966. Mu 1969, Sega inagulitsa ku Gulf and Western Industries. Pambuyo pa kutembenuka kwa bizinesi ya arcade mu nthawi ya 1980, Sega inayamba kupanga ma console a vidiyo, kuyambira ndi SG-1000 ndi Master System, koma inakumana ndi zovuta kuchokera kwa mpikisano monga Nintendo Entertainment System. 

Mu 1988, Sega idatulutsa Mega Drive, yomwe imatchedwanso kuti Genesis ku North America. Mega Drive inakumana ndi mpikisano mu Japan, koma Genesis inapeza phindu ku dziko lina pambuyo pa kutulutsidwa kwa *Sonic the Hedgehog* mu 1991. Mu 2001, pambuyo pa zovuta zambiri monga 32X, Saturn, ndi Dreamcast, Sega idasiya kupanga ma console kuti ikhale third-party developer komanso wopanga.

Mabungwe a Sega padziko lonse lapansi akuphatikizapo Sega of America ndi Sega Europe omwe ali ku Irvine, California, ndi London. Makampani awo akuphatikizapo ma studio a R&D omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mitundu ya Ryu Ga Gotoku Studio ndi Sonic Team. Sega imadziwika ngati imodzi mwa opanga masewera a arcade kwambiri padziko lonse komanso mascot yake, Sonic the Hedgehog, imadziwika bwino padziko lonse. 

Ngakhale kuti Sega ikudziwika chifukwa cha ma console ake a vidiyo komanso chitsanzo chake cha ukadaulo, m'zaka zaposachedwa, kampaniyo yakhala ikukhalabe poyera chifukwa cha zisankho zake zamabizinesi komanso khalidwe la zinthu zomwe zimapangidwa.

## Zolemba
Master System

**Master System** ndi 8-bit mbiri yachitatu makonsolo a masewera a kunyumba opangidwa ndi Sega. Iyi inali mtundu watsopano wa **Sega Mark III**, yomwe ndi chachitatu mu SG-1000 mndandanda wa makonsolo, yomwe idatulutsidwa ku Japan mu 1985 yokhala ndi mphamvu zatsopano za chithunzi kuposa zomwe zinali kale. Master System idayambitsidwa ku North America mu 1986, ikutsatira Europe mu 1987, kenako ku Brazil ndi Korea mu 1989. Mtundu wa Japanese wa Master System unkatulutsidwa mu 1987, womwe umawonjezera zinthu zina pa mitundu yotumizidwa (ndipo mwachindunji Mark III yoyambirira): chip FM chomwe chidalembedwa, switch yothamanga, ndi port yodalirika ya magalasi a 3D. **Master System II**, mtundu wotsika mtengo, unkatulutsidwa mu 1990 ku North America, Australasia ndi Europe.

Mitundu yoyambirira ya Master System imagwiritsa ntchito makanema komanso mtundu wamakadi wokhala ndi kukula kwa khadi la Sega Card. Zida zimaphatikizapo light gun ndi magalasi a 3D omwe amagwira ntchito ndi masewera omwe adapangidwa mwachitsanzo. Kukhazikitsidwa kwatsopano kwa Master System II kutengedwa kwa khadi, kukonzanso kukhala dongosolo lokhala ndi makanema okha, ndipo sikugwirizana ndi magalasi a 3D.
Master System idatulutsidwa kuti ikhale mpikisano ndi Nintendo Entertainment System (NES). Mtsogolo mwake ndi wochepa ndipo ali ndi masewera ochepa omwe akuwonedwa bwino kuposa NES, chifukwa cha malamulo a Nintendo okhudza kulipira komwe kumafuna kuchitira ogwiritsa ntchito. Ngakhale Master System inali ndi zida zatsopano, sizinathe kuchotsa mphamvu ya Nintendo pamsika ku Japan ndi North America. Komabe, idapeza mwayi wambiri m'misika ina, kuphatikiza Europe, Brazil, South Korea ndi Australia.

Master System ikuyembekezeka kuti idatulutsa pakati pa 10-13 miliyoni maphunziro padziko lonse lapansi. Kuphatikiza apo, Tectoy yatulutsa  mitundu ya Master System yomwe idalembedwa mu Brazil. Kukhala kwachiwiri kumakumbukira gawo lake pakukula kwa Sega Genesis, komanso masewera ambiri omwe akuwonedwa bwino, makamaka mu PAL (kuphatikiza PAL-M) m'dziko, koma akukhumudwitsa chifukwa cha makadi ake ochepa mu NTSC m'dziko, zomwe zidakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi NES.

## Zolemba
Game Boy

**Game Boy** ndi konsoledzi ya masewera yomwe  yomwe idapangidwa ndi Nintendo, idatulutsidwa mu msika waku Japan pa April 21, 1989, yotsatira ku North America mu chaka chimodzimodzi ndi m'maiko ena kuyambira mu 1990. Pambuyo pa kupambana kwa Game & Watch handhelds imodzi, Nintendo idapangitsa Game Boy kuti ikhale ngati portable console, yokhala ndi ma cartridge omwe angasinthidwe. Lingaliro ili linakhala losangalatsa kwambiri ndipo Game Boy inakhala cultural icon ya m'zaka za m'ma 1990 ndi zaka zoyambirira za m'ma 2000.
Game Boy idapangidwa ndi gulu la Nintendo Research & Development 1, lidalembedwa ndi Gunpei Yokoi ndi Satoru Okada. Chipangizocho chili ndi dot-matrix display, directional pad, mabatani anayi a masewera, speaker imodzi, ndipo amagwiritsa ntchito ma cartridge a Game Boy Game Pak. Zojambula za gray ziwiri zili ndi mitundu ya buluu komanso magenta oyera akugwira bwino kwambiri pamwamba pa mipanda yachikhalidwe. Pa kutulutsidwa, inatumizidwa ngati chida cholembedwa kapena [Pack-in game] yokhala ndi masewera monga *[[Super Mario Land]]* ndi *[[Tetris (Game Boy video game)|Tetris]]*.
Ngakhale kuti mawu osiyanasiyana akukankhira ma graphics ake a monochrome komanso kukula kwake kok compared to competitors ngati Sega Game Gear, Atari Lynx, ndi NEC TurboExpress, Game Boy inachita bwino kwambiri kuposa iwo onse. Zikafika pa kuchuluka kwa malonda, zikafika pa 118.69 million units za Game Boy ndi wotsatira wake, Game Boy Color (1998), zomwe zakhala zomwe zimachitika kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Game Boy inapeza ma redesign angapo pakukula kwake, kuphatikiza Game Boy Pocket (1996) ndi Game Boy Light (1998). Malonda a Game Boy variants anapitilira mpaka mu 2003.

## Zolemba
Genesis Nomad

**Genesis Nomad**, yomwe imatchedwanso "Sega Nomad," ndi konsoledzi ya masewera yomwe idapangidwa ndi Sega ndipo idatulutsidwa ku North America mu Mwezi wa October 1995. The Nomad ndi mankhwala omwe angatengedwe a Sega Genesis konsoledzi ya masewera a pa nyumba (yomwe imatchedwa Mega Drive kunja kwa North America). Ikhoza kugwiritsidwanso ntchito ndi televizoni kudzera pa video port. Idakhala pa Mega Jet, mtundu wa portable wa konsoledzi ya pa nyumba yomwe idapangidwa kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito pa ndege mu Japan.

The Nomad inali konsoledzi yomaliza ya manja yomwe idatulutsidwa ndi Sega. Idatulutsidwa pamapeto pa nthawi ya Genesis, inali ndi moyo wochepa. Idatulutsidwa mwachindunji ku North America, ndipo imagwiritsa ntchito regional lockout. Kukhala kwa Sega pa Sega Saturn kwachititsa kuti Nomad isakhale yokwanira, ndipo inali yopanda kukwaniritsa ndi zinthu zingapo za Genesis, kuphatikizapo Power Base Converter, Sega CD, ndi 32X. Pafupifupi 1 miliyoni ya ma unit a Nomad anagulitsidwa, ndipo ikuwonetsedwa ngati kulephera kwa malonda.

## Zolemba
Madagascar

Madagasikara,  mwachindunji **Repoblikan'i Madagasikara**,  ndi dziko la chitsanzo lomwe limaphatikiza chitsanzo cha Madagascar ndi maiko ang'onoang'ono ambiri. Ikukhala kumwera kwa Africa, ndi chitsanzo chachinayi chachikulu kwambiri m’dziko, chitsanzo chachiwiri chachikulu kwambiri m’dziko komanso dziko la 46 chachikulu kwambiri padziko lonse. Kafukufuku wake ndi mzinda waukulu ndi Antananarivo.
Pambuyo pa kusokonezeka kwa supercontinent Gondwana, Madagascar idasiyana ndi Africa mu nthawi ya Jurassic, pafupifupi zaka 180 miliyoni zapitazo, ndipo idasiyana ndi Indian subcontinent pafupifupi zaka 90 miliyoni zapitazo. Izi zidasintha kuti mitundu yachikhalidwe ndi nyama zikhale mu malo osiyanasiyana; chifukwa chake, Madagascar ndi biodiversity hotspot komanso chimodzi mwa megadiverse countries 17 padziko lonse, ndi zoposa 90% ya nyama zawo zomwe zili zokha. Chitsanzochi chili ndi nyengo ya subtropical mpaka tropical maritime. Madagascar inakhazikitsidwa koyamba nthawi yayitali mu kapena asanapite pakati pa mileniumu ya chaka cha AD ndi Austronesian peoples, akukhulupirira kuti anafika pa outrigger canoes kuchokera ku Indonesia.
Izi zidapangidwa pafupifupi mu zaka za 9 AD ndi magulu a Bantu omwe anapita kudzera mu Mozambique Channel kuchokera ku East Africa. Magulu ena anapitiriza kukhalapo ku Madagascar panthawi yotsatira, aliyense akupanga m'tsogolo la chikhalidwe cha Malagasy. Chifukwa chake, pali anthu 18 kapena kupitilira apo omwe akugawidwa mu anthropology ya Madagascar, omwe ambiri ndi Merina a ku mapiri apakati.
Kusiyana kwa nthawi ya 18th century, chitsanzo cha Madagascar chinawongoleredwa ndi magulu osiyanasiyana a sociopolitical. Kuyambira mu nthawi ya 19th century, zambiri zinali kuphatikizidwa ndikuwongolera monga Ufalme wa Madagascar ndi a mabwana a Merina. Ufalme unatha mu 1897 chifukwa cha kuwonjezedwa kwa France, komwe Madagascar idapeza ufulu mu 1960. Dziko lino lakhala likukumana ndi nthawi zinayi zazikulu za malamulo, zomwe zimatchedwa ma republic, ndipo lakhala likuwongolera ngati demokrasia ya malamulo kuyambira mu 1992. Pambuyo pa kutsutsana kwa ndale ndi coup ya asilikali mu 2009, Madagascar idachita kuchita bwino kuyesa kulimbikitsa ufulu wake wachinayi komanso waposachedwa, pomwe malamulo adabweretsedwa mu January 2014.
Madagasikara ndi membala wa United Nations (UN), African Union (AU), Southern African Development Community (SADC), komanso . Chichewa ndi Chifalansa ndizomwe zili mu official language za dziko. Christianity ndiye chikhulupiriro chachikulu cha dziko, pomwe gulu lalikulu la anthu akhala akuchita zinthu za Malagasy mythology. Madagascar ikugawidwa ngati dziko losakwanira kuchokera ku UN. Zochita za Ecotourism komanso ulimi, pamodzi ndi ndalama zambiri mu maphunziro, zaumoyo komanso bizinesi yach private, ndizofunikira mu njira yake yothandizira kukula. Ngakhale kukula kwachuma kwakukulu kuyambira pachiyambi cha zaka za 2000, kusiyana kwa ndalama kwakhala kukula, ndipo khalidwe la moyo likusowa kwambiri kwa ambiri a anthu. Kutengera chaka cha 2021, 68.4% ya anthu amakhulupirira kuti ali mu Multidimensional Poverty Index.

## Zolemba
Cyclone Cheneso

**Tropical Cyclone** Cheneso inali chivomerezi chachikulu cha nyengo chovuta chomwe chidakhudza Madagascar mu January 2023. Iyi inali nyengo ya chinayi ya nyengo ya mphepo ya 2022–23 mu Indian Ocean, ndipo Cheneso inakhazikitsidwa kuchokera m'dera la nyengo yovuta yomwe idayamba kuyang'aniridwa ku RSMC La Réunion pa 17 January. Ngakhale kuti mphepo inali ndi maonekedwe a mawu okhala ngati bandi, dongosololi linakhazikitsidwa kukhala depression ya nyengo pa 18 January. Depression inakula kukhala Severe Tropical Storm Cheneso pa tsiku lotsatira. Cheneso inachita kutuluka pamwamba pa Madagascar kum'mawa ndipo inasinthira kukhala depression yomwe ili m'nyumba, musanayambe ku Mozambique Channel. Cheneso inachitanso kukula kukhala cyclone ya nyengo pa 25 January. Dongosolo lina continued moving southeast, musanayambe kusintha kukhala depression yapamwamba ya nyengo pa 29 January.

Ofesi Yamalonda za Njala ndi Zowopsa (BNGRC) yatchulapo kuti anthu 33 aphedwa ndipo 20 akukhalabe osadziwika. Ofesiyi ikuchita chidziwitso cha anthu 90,870 omwe adakhudzidwa, 34,100 mwa iwo anali osamuka. Pazinthu zolephera, nyumba pafupifupi 23,600 ndi sukulu 164 zidakhudzidwa. Anthu aumoyo ndi malamulo adathandizanso kukonzekera ndi kuthandiza pambuyo pa mphepo, popeza anthu mamiliyoni anexpectedwa kuti akhudzidwe. Madera ofanana adakhudzidwa ndi cyclone ya nyengo yochititsa chidwi kwambiri, Cyclone Freddy, milungu iwiri pambuyo pake.

## Zolemba
Chithunzi cha Mafuta

**Chithunzi cha Mafuta** ndi njira yopenta yomwe imaphatikizapo kupenta ndi utoto wokhala ndi mafuta owumitsa ngati chomangira. Yakhala njira yodziwika bwino yojambula zojambulajambula pansalu, matabwa kapena mkuwa kwa zaka mazana angapo, kufalikira kuchokera ku Ulaya kupita kudziko lonse lapansi. Ubwino wa mafuta ojambulira zithunzi ndi monga "kusinthasintha kwakukulu, mtundu wolemera ndi wandiweyani, kugwiritsa ntchito zigawo, komanso kusiyanasiyana kuchokera ku kuwala kupita kumdima". Koma njirayi imachedwa, makamaka pamene pepala limodzi liyenera kuloledwa kuti liume musanagwiritse ntchito lina.

Zojambula zakale kwambiri zodziwika bwino zamafuta zidapangidwa ndi akatswiri achibuda ku Afghanistan ndipo zidayamba m'zaka za m'ma 700 AD.  Utoto wamafuta unkagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi azungu popenta ziboliboli ndi matabwa kuyambira zaka za m'ma 1200, koma kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwake kofala pazithunzi zojambulidwa kudayamba ndi utoto wa Early Netherlandish ku Northern Europe, ndipo pofika kutalika kwa Renaissance, njira zopenta mafuta zinali zitalowa m'malo mwake. kugwiritsa ntchito utoto wa dzira pazithunzi zambiri ku Europe, ngakhale osati kwa zithunzi za Orthodox kapena zojambula pakhoma, pomwe tempera ndi fresco, motsatana, zidakhalabe zachizolowezi. kusankha.

Mafuta owumitsa omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri amaphatikizapo mafuta a linseed, mafuta a poppy, mafuta a mtedza, ndi mafuta a safflower. Kusankhidwa kwa mafuta kumapereka zinthu zambiri ku utoto, monga kuchuluka kwa chikasu kapena nthawi yowuma. Utoto ukhoza kuchepetsedwa ndi turpentine. Kusiyana kwina, kutengera mafuta, kumawonekeranso mu sheen ya utoto. Wojambula angagwiritse ntchito mafuta osiyanasiyana muzojambula zomwezo malinga ndi maonekedwe ndi zotsatira zomwe akufuna. Utoto wokhawo umakhalanso ndi kugwirizana kwapadera malinga ndi sing'anga. Mafutawa amatha kuwiritsidwa ndi utomoni, monga utomoni wa paini kapena lubani, kuti apange vanishi kuti atetezedwe ndi kapangidwe kake. Utoto wokha ukhoza kupangidwa mumitundu yosiyanasiyana malinga ndi pulasitiki yake.

## Zolemba
Imfa mu 2025

cccImfa zodziwika bwino zotsatirazi zidachitika mu 2025. Mayina amanenedwa pansi pa tsiku la imfa, motsatira zilembo. Zolemba zodziwika bwino zimafotokoza zambiri motsatizana:

* Dzina, zaka, dziko lokhala nzika yobadwa, dziko lotsatira (ngati kuli kotheka), ndi mutu uti womwe udadziwika, chifukwa cha imfa (ngati chodziwika), ndi mawu ofotokozera.

## January

### 7

### 6

* Giuseppe Chiaravalloti, wazaka  90, woweruza wa ku Italy komanso ndale, Purezidenti wa Calabria (2000-2005).
* Bwanamkubwa Demeksa, wazaka 94, wandale waku Ethiopia, MP (2005-2010).
* John Douglas, wazaka  90, wosewera mpira waku rugby waku Scottish (wa Barbarian, British & Irish Lions, timu ya dziko). (imfa yalengezedwa pa tsiku lino)
* Aristide Gunnella,  wazaka 93, wandale waku Italy, wachiwiri (1968-1992) ndi Minister of Regional Affairs (1987-1988).

### 5

### 4

### 3
* Dame Tariana Turia, wazaka 80, wandale ku New Zealand, MP (1996-2014) ndi mtumiki wa Community and Voluntary Sector (2003-2004, 2008-2011), sitiroko.
* Choi Sang-yeop, wazaka 87, loya waku South Korea komanso ndale, Minister of Law (1990-1992), Minister of Justice (1997).

### 2
* Aldo Agroppi, wazaka 80, wosewera mpira waku Italy (Torino FC, timu ya dziko) komanso mphunzitsi (ACF Fiorentina).
* Ágnes Keleti, wazaka 103, wochita masewera olimbitsa thupi ku Hungary, ngwazi ya Olimpiki (1952, 1956) ndi mphunzitsi. 
* Dandy Crazy, wazaka 47, Woyimba waku Zambia, Wolemba Nyimbo ndi Wopanga. 
* Ján Zachara, wazaka 96, Slovak boxer, Olympic ngwazi (1952). 

### 1
*Viktor Alksnis, wazaka 74, wandale waku Russia, meya wa Tuchkovo (2013–2015) ndi MP (2000–2007).
*Leo Dan, wazaka 82, woimba wa ku Argentina, wopeka ndi wojambula (*[[Nkhani ya Mnyamata Wosauka (filimu ya 1968)|Nkhani ya Mnyamata Wosauka]]*, *[[Cómo te zodabwitsa]]*).
*Keke, wazaka 84, wojambula zithunzi waku India (*[[Jansatta]]*, *[[Navbharat Times]]*, *[[Dainik Jagran]]*), mtima kuwukira. 
*K. S. Manilal, wazaka 86, katswiri wa sayansi ya zomera wa ku India ndi taxonomist.
*Chad Morgan, wazaka 91, woyimba komanso woyimba gitala waku Australia 25 Country Music Legend Chad Morgan Amwalira
*Viktor Nastashevsky, wazaka 67, wosewera mpira waku Ukraine (Dynamo Kyiv, CSKA Kyiv, Kryvbas Kryvyi Rih 
*John B. O'Reilly Jr., wazaka 76, wandale waku America, meya wa Dearborn, Michigan (2007–2022)
*Nora Orlandi, wazaka 91, woimba wa ku Italy woimba komanso wolemba mafilimu (*[[The Strange Vice of Mrs. Wardh]]*, *[[Johnny Yuma (filimu)|Johnny Yuma]]*,' Yembekezani a Stranger'').
*Igor Poznič, wazaka 57, wosewera mpira wa ku Slovenia (NK Maribor, Mura, timu yadziko).

## Zolemba
Blue petrel

Mbalame yotchedwa **blue petrel** (Halobaena caerulea) ndi mbalame yaing'ono ya m'nyanja yamtundu wa shearwater ndi petrel, Procellariidae. Petrel yaying'ono iyi ndi membala yekhayo wamtundu wa Halobaena, koma amagwirizana kwambiri ndi prions. Imagawidwa ku Southern Ocean koma imaswana kuzilumba zingapo, zonse kufupi ndi Antarctic Convergence zone. Nthenga za petrel za buluu nthawi zambiri zimakhala za buluu-imvi, ndi "M" wakuda wotambasula kumtunda kuchokera kunsonga yamapiko kupita kunsonga yamapiko. Ili ndi chipewa chakuda chodziwika bwino komanso masaya oyera. Ndi yoyera pansi kusiyana ndi zigamba zakuda m'mbali mwa khosi. Mchira wa square uli ndi nsonga yoyera. Ili ndi bilu yowonda yakuda. Ndi 26–32 cm (10–13 mu) m’litali, ndi mapiko otalikirana 62–71 cm (24–28 mu) ndipo amalemera pafupifupi 200 g (7.1 oz).

## Zolemba
Médée (Cherubini)

**Médée** ndi chilankhulo cha Chifalansa opéra-comique lolemba Luigi Cherubini. Libretto yolembedwa ndi François-Benoît Hoffman (Nicolas Étienne Framéry) idatengera tsoka la Euripides pa sewero la Medea ndi Pierre Corneille la *[[Médée]]*. Unakhazikitsidwa mumzinda wakale wa Korinto.

Seweroli lidawonetsedwa pa Marichi 13, 1797 ku Théâtre Feydeau, Paris.  Idakumana ndi kulandiridwa kofunda ndipo sikunatsitsimutsidwe nthawi yomweyo. M'zaka za m'ma 2000, nthawi zambiri ankamasuliridwa m'Chitaliyana monga Medea, ndipo zokambiranazo zimasinthidwa ndi zobwereza zomwe sizinavomerezedwe ndi wolemba. Posachedwapa, zisudzo zina zagwiritsa ntchito Baibulo loyambirira la Cherubini.

Aria yomaliza yotayika kwa nthawi yayitali, yomwe Cherubini akuwoneka kuti adayipeza kuchokera m'mipukutu yake yoyambirira, idapezedwa ndi ofufuza ochokera ku University of Manchester ndi Stanford University pogwiritsa ntchito njira za X-ray kuti awulule madera omwe adadetsedwa a zolemba za Cherubini

## Zolemba
Luigi Cherubini

**Maria Luigi Carlo Zenobio Salvatore Cherubini** (8 kapena 14 Seputembala 1760 - 15 Marichi 1842) anali wopeka wa Chitaliyana Wakale ndi Wachikondi wolemba nyimbo. Nyimbo zake zofunika kwambiri ndi zisudzo ndi nyimbo zopatulika. Beethoven ankaona kuti Cherubini ndiye wolemba wamkulu kwambiri wa m’nthawi yake. Masewero a Cherubini adayamikiridwa kwambiri ndikutanthauzira ndi Rossini.

## Zolemba
Metropolitan Museum of Art

**Metropolitan Museum of Art**, yomwe imatchedwa kuti Met, ndi nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale za encyclopedic ku New York City. Pofika pansi, ndi nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale yachinayi pakukula padziko lonse lapansi komanso nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale kwambiri ku America. Ndi alendo okwana 5.36 miliyoni mu 2023, ndi malo osungiramo zinthu zakale omwe adachezeredwa kwambiri ku United States komanso malo osungiramo zinthu zakale achisanu omwe adachezeredwa kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi.  

Mu 2000, kusonkhanitsa kwake kosatha kunali ndi ntchito zoposa 2 miliyoni; pano ili ndi mndandanda wa ntchito 1.5 miliyoni. Zosonkhanitsazo zimagawidwa m'madipatimenti 17 a curatorial. Nyumba yayikulu yomwe ili pa 1000 Fifth Avenue, m'mphepete mwa Museum Mile kum'mawa kwa Central Park ku Manhattan's Upper East Side, ndi imodzi mwazosungirako zakale kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Gawo loyamba la nyumbayi pafupifupi 2 miliyoni lalikulu-square-foot (190,000 m2) linamangidwa mu 1880. Malo ochepa kwambiri achiwiri, The Cloisters at Fort Tryon Park ku Upper Manhattan, ali ndi zojambulajambula, zomangamanga, ndi zinthu zakale. kuchokera ku medieval Europe.

Metropolitan Museum of Art inakhazikitsidwa mu 1870, nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakaleyi inakhazikitsidwa ndi gulu la anthu aku America, kuphatikizapo opereka chithandizo, ojambula zithunzi, ndi amalonda, ndi cholinga chopanga bungwe ladziko lomwe lingalimbikitse ndi kuphunzitsa anthu. Nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakaleyi imakhala ndi zojambulajambula kuyambira ku Near East wakale ndi Egypt wakale, mpaka kalekale mpaka kudziko lamakono. Zimaphatikizapo zojambulajambula, ziboliboli, ndi zojambulajambula zochokera ku European Old Masters ambiri, komanso kusonkhanitsa kwakukulu kwa zojambulajambula za ku America, zamakono, ndi zamakono. Met imasunganso zaluso zaku Africa, Asia, Oceanian, Byzantine, ndi Asilamu. Nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakaleyi imakhala ndi zida zoimbira, zovala, zaluso zokongoletsa ndi nsalu, komanso zida zakale ndi zida zochokera padziko lonse lapansi. Zamkati zingapo zodziwika bwino, kuyambira ku Roma wazaka za zana la 1 kupita ku mapangidwe amakono aku America, zimayikidwa m'manyumba ake.

## Zolemba
K. S. Manilal

**Kattungal Subramaniam Manilal** (Chimalayalam: കാട്ടുങ്ങൽ സുബ്രഹ്മണ്യം മണിലാൽ; 17 Seputembara 1938 - 1 Januware 2025)  anali katswiri wa sayansi ya zakuthambo waku India komanso taxonomist, pulofesa wotuluka ku University of Calimita, komanso wochotsa msonkho. pazaka 35 za moyo wake kuti afufuze, kumasulira ndi kumasulira kwa Latin botanical treatise Hortus Malabaricus. Ntchito yochititsa chidwi imeneyi inachititsa kuti anthu adziwe zimene zili m’bukuli, zomwe zinali ndi nkhani zambiri zokhudza zomera za ku Malabar zimene akatswiri olankhula Chingelezi sankazimvetsa chifukwa Baibulo lonse linali m’Chilatini.

Mu Januwale 2020, Manilal adapatsidwa mphotho ya Padma Shri, ulemu wachinayi kwa anthu wamba ku India, chifukwa chothandizira nawo gawo la Sayansi ndi Umisiri. 

Ngakhale kukhalapo kwa Hortus Malabaricus wa Hendrik van Rheede m'zaka mazana atatu apitawa, chidziwitso cholondola chazomera zambiri zomwe zalembedwa ku Hortus Malabaricus, mankhwala awo, njira zogwiritsira ntchito, ndi zina zotero, monga momwe adafotokozera ndikutsimikiziridwa ndi azachipatala odziwika bwino azaka za m'ma 1700. India idakhalabe yosafikirika kwa akatswiri achilankhulo cha Chingerezi, mpaka Manilal adayamba kufalitsa mapepala ndi mabuku ofufuza. pa Hortus Malabaricus.

Zoyesayesa za Manilal pamapeto pake zidapangitsa kusindikizidwa kwa Chingerezi kwa Hortus Malabaricus, kwa nthawi yoyamba, patatha zaka 325 kuchokera ku Amsterdam. Baibulo lachingelezi lili ndi mawu omasulira mawu ndi mawu m’mavoliyumu onse khumi ndi aŵiri a bukhuli, akusungabe chinenero choyambirira. Mankhwala a zomera amamasuliridwa ndikutanthauzira, ndi ndemanga pa mayina awo a Chimalayalam operekedwa ndi Van Rheede. Kuonjezera apo, chizindikiritso cholondola cha sayansi cha zomera zonse, zovomerezeka pansi pa ICBN zakhazikitsidwa pamodzi ndi mawu ofanana nawo ofunikira.

## Zolemba
Miyambo ya Khirisimasi ya ku Serbia

**Miyambo ya Khrisimasi ya ku Serbia** ndi miyambo ndi machitidwe a Aserbia okhudzana ndi Khrisimasi ndi nthawi yozungulira, pakati pa Lamlungu lachitatu lisanafike Tsiku la Khrisimasi ndi Epiphany. Khrisimasi ya ku Serbia imakondwerera pa Januware 7. Pali miyambo yambiri yovuta yokhudzana ndi nthawiyi. Zimasiyanasiyana malinga ndi malo, ndipo m’madera ambiri zasinthidwa kapena kuthiridwa madzi kuti zigwirizane ndi moyo wamakono. Dzina lachi Serbia la Khrisimasi ndi Božić (Chiserbia Cyrillic: Божић, kutchulidwa [ˈbǒʒitɕ]), lomwe ndi mtundu wocheperako wa liwu loti bog ("mulungu"), ndipo lingatanthauzidwe kuti "mulungu wamng'ono". Khirisimasi imakondwerera kwa masiku atatu otsatizana, kuyambira ndi Tsiku la Khirisimasi, limene Aserbia amalitcha tsiku loyamba la Khirisimasi.[ mawu osonyeza 1] Masiku ano, munthu amayenera kupereka moni kwa munthu wina ponena kuti “Khristu Wabadwa,” kutanthauza kuti “Khristu Wabadwa.” ndi "Zowonadi Iye Wabadwa," kapena m'Chiserbia: "Hristos se rodi" (kutchulidwa [xrǐstos se rôdi]) - "Vaistinu se rodi" (kutchulidwa [ʋaǐstinu se rôdi]).

## Zolemba
Transmashholding

**Transmashholding** (TMX) – kampani yayikulu kwambiri yopanga ndi kupanga zoyendera za sitima ndi mayendedwe a mu mzinda.
Ofesi yayikulu ya kampaniyi ili ku Moscow.

## Mbiri
Kampani ya TMX idayambika mu chaka cha 2002, ngati kampani yoyambitsa ntchito za makampani akale a Soviet omwe anali kugwira ntchito za sitima.

Makampani oyamba kulowa mu TMX anali ochokera ku Bryansk, Novocherkassk, Demikhovo, Tver ndi Penza.

Mu 2024, TMX inali ndi malo opitilira khumi a kupanga ndi kukonza, malo ambiri okonzera sitima ndi malo a kafukufuku.
Anthu ogwira ntchito onse pafupifupi 130,000.

## Ntchito
TMX imagwira ntchito yopanga, kupanga ndi kusamalira mayendedwe osiyanasiyana, komanso kupanga ndi kuyika machitidwe a digital oyang'anira mayendedwe.

Makampani ali mu gulu limeneli amapanga magalimoto a pasinjala, vagoni ya metro, injini za dizulo ndi magetsi, sitima za magetsi ndi dizulo, ma injini a dizulo, ndi zipangizo zina zosiyana.

Zonse zomwe TMX imapanga ndi zopangidwa ndi kampaniyi.

Mu zaka zosiyana, TMX yapanga sitima zosiyana zomwe zakhala zofunika kwambiri mu mbiri ya Russia. Sitima yoyamba ya dizulo yayikulu 2TE70 ndi 2TE25K (2004). Sitima yoyamba ya magetsi yopitilira mphamvu 2ES4K (2006). Sitima yoyamba ya dizulo ndi mayendedwe a asynchronous 2TE25A (2006). Sitima yoyamba yachangu ya magetsi EP20 (2011). Magalimoto oyamba a mailosi awiri mod. 61-4465, 61-4465.01, 61-4472, 61-4473 (2013). Sitima yamphamvu kwambiri ya magetsi 4ES5K (2014). Magalimoto oyamba a mailosi amodzi ndi awiri olumikizika (2019-2020). Sitima yoyamba ya magetsi yochepa EMKA2 (2023).

TMX imagwira ntchito ndi ma metro a ku Russia ndi mayiko a CIS. Kampani ya Metrovagonmash imapanga sitima za "Moscow" za metro ya Moscow. Pakadali pano mu 2024 akupanga sitima za "Moscow-2024" (81-775.2/776.2/777.2).

Kwa metro ya Saint Petersburg, TMX imapanga sitima za "Baltiyets" (81-725.1/726.1/727.1).

Amatumizanso sitima ku metro ya Minsk, zotchedwa "Minsk-2024" (81-765.7/766.7).

Pulojekiti ina yayikulu ndi sitima ya magetsi "Ivolga" (EG2Tv / EGE2Tv) yopangidwa ku Tver. Sitima iyi idapangidwa makamaka kwa Moscow Central Diameters.

Mpaka pano apanga mitundu inayi ya sitimazi.

TMX imatumiza katundu ku mayiko pafupifupi 30.

## Zambiri zamakampani
* Ndalama zopezeka mu 2023: ma billion 412 a ruble, ndipo dongosolo la 2024 ndi ma billion 502 a ruble.
* Gawo la katundu wotumizidwa kunja mu 2023 linali 8.5% (ma billion 35 a ruble). Dongosolo la 2024 ndi 12% (ma billion 61 a ruble).
* Mu 2023 tidapanga zigawo 974 za sitima. Mu 2024 tikufuna kupanga zigawo 1062, chimene ndi 9% yowonjezera.
* Kupanga kwa magalimoto a sitima ya magetsi mu 2023 anali magalimoto 693. Mu 2024 akufuna kuwonjezera 22% kufika pa magalimoto 891.
* Kupanga kwa magalimoto a pasinjala mu 2023 anali magalimoto 957. Mu 2024 zidzatsika ndi 12% kufika pa magalimoto 854.
* Magalimoto a metro opangidwa mu 2023 anali 503. Mu 2024 akufuna kuwonjezera 5% kufika pa magalimoto 529.
* Ma injini a dizulo opangidwa mu 2023 anali 100. Mu 2024 akufuna kuwonjezera mpaka 178, chimene ndi 78% yowonjezera.

## Swiyelanisi
2025 papal conclave

A msonkhano wa papa unachitika kuyambira 7 mpaka 8 May 2025 kusankha papa watsopano kuti alowe m'malo mwa Papa Francis, amene anamwalira pa 21

April 2025. Mwa anthu 135 oyenerera kadinala osankhidwa, 133 anapezekapo; magawo awiri pa atatu a mavoti 89 adafunikira kuti asankhe papa. Pa 8 May, pa voti yachinayi, conclave inasankha Robert Francis Prevost, amene anatenga dzina Papa Leo XIV.

Francis adasankhidwa mu 2013 papa conclave ndipo adatumikira zaka khumi ndi ziwiri ngati papa. Malinga ndi malamulo a utumwi , monga adasinthidwa ndi Benedict XVI's 2013  , ma cardinals had vacantees's 5 yitanitsa. Pa 28

April 2025, mpingo waukulu wachisanu wa makadinala unakhazikitsa msonkhanowo kuti uyambe pa 7 May. Media commentary on the , makadinala akuganiziridwa kuti anali ndi mwayi wabwino kwambiri wosankhidwa kukhala papa, olembedwa Prevost, Anders Arborelius, Jean-Marc Aveline, Fridolin Ambongo Besungu, Erd, Fridolin Ambongo, Fridolin Ambongo, Fridolin Ambongo Pietro Parolin, Pierbattista Pizzaballa, Robert Sarah, Luis Antonio Tagle, Peter Turkson, ndi Matteo Zuppi monga ali m'gulu la otsogolera. Mosiyana ndi ma conclaves ena, atolankhani ndi makadinala ambiri iwowo sanafotokoze momveka bwino otsogolera akuluakulu chisankho chisanachitike.

## Zolemba
Pope Leo XIV

**Pope Leo&nbsp;XIV** (wobadwa **Robert Francis Prevost**, September 14, 1955) ndi mtsogoleri wa Catholic Church komanso mfumu ya Vatican City State. Anasankhidwa mu msonkhano wa papa wa 2025 monga wolowa m'malo wa Papa Francis.

Wobadwira ndikukulira mdera la Chicago, ku Midwestern ku America ku Illinois, Prevost adakhala friar wa Order of Saint Augustine mu 1977 ndipo anadzozedwa ngati wansembe mu 1982. ngati m'busa wa parishi, mkulu wa dayosizi, mphunzitsi wa kuseminale, ndi woyang'anira. Anasankhidwa mkulu wamkulu wa Order of Saint Augustine kuchokera 2001 mpaka 2013, iye anabwerera ku Peru monga Bishopu wa Chiclayo kuchokera 2015 mpaka 2023. cardinal chaka chomwecho.

Monga kadinala, adatsindika synodality, kukambirana kwaumishonale, ndi kuchitapo kanthu ndi zovuta za chikhalidwe ndi zamakono. Anachitanso zinthu monga kusintha kwa nyengo, kusamuka kwa dziko lonse, ulamuliro wa matchalitchi, ndi ufulu wa anthu, ndipo anasonyeza kugwirizana ndi kusintha kwa Gulu Lachiŵiri la Vatican.

Nzika yaku United States kubadwa, Leo&nbsp;XIV ndiye papa woyamba kubadwa ku North America, woyamba kukhala nzika ya Peru (atakhala naturalized mu 2015), papa wachiwiri kuchokera ku America (pambuyo pa m'malo mwake Francis), komanso woyamba kuchokera ku Order of Saint Augustine. Dzina la Papa anauziridwa ndi Papa Leo&nbsp;XIII, amene anayambitsa chiphunzitso cha chikhalidwe cha Chikatolika chamakono pakati pa Chisinthiko Chachiwiri cha Mafakitale. Leo XIV akukhulupirira kuti Fourth Industrial Revolution ikuchitika, makamaka kupita patsogolo kwa Artificial Intelligence ndi roboti, kumabweretsa "zovuta zatsopano zoteteza ulemu wa munthu, chilungamo ndi ntchito".

## Ubwana, banja, ndi maphunziro
Robert Francis Prevost adabadwa pa Seputembara 14, 1955, ku Chipatala cha Mercy mdera la Bronzeville ku Chicago, Illinois, ku South Side ya mzindawu.Prevost ali ndi azichimwene ake awiri, Louis Martín ndi John Joseph, ndipo ndi ochokera ku Africa, French, Italy, ndi Spanish. Amayi ake, a Mildred Agnes Prevost (née Martínez),  was born in Chicago into a mixed-race family of Louisiana Creole descent that had moved to the city from the 7th Ward of New Orleans.adabadwira ku Chicago kubanja lamitundu yosiyanasiyana la a Louisiana Creole omwe adasamukira mumzindawu kuchokera ku Ward ya 7 ku New Orleans.  Anagwira ntchito ngati mphunzitsi komanso woyang'anira mabuku ku Mendel Catholic High School.  Bambo ake, a Louis Marius Prevost, analinso mbadwa yaku Chicago, atakulira ku Hyde Park.  Anali wa ku Italiya (dzina lake loyambirira linali Riggitano) komanso wochokera ku France komanso msilikali wankhondo wa ku United States pa Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yapadziko Lonse yemwe analamulira ngalawa yaing'ono yotera pamtunda wa Normandy ndipo pambuyo pake adagwira nawo ntchito ya Operation Dragoon kumwera kwa France. Pambuyo pake adakhala woyang'anira wa Brookwood School District 167 ku Glenwood, Illinois.  

## Zolemba
Bukhu la Tobit

**Bukhu la Tobit** () Limadziwikanso kuti Tobia, *Book of the,' *'lodziwikanso kuti Tobia**'' **Book. Tobias''' ndi ntchito deuterocanonical Chikhristu chisanayambe kuyambira m'zaka za m'ma 3 kapena kuchiyambiyambi kwa zaka za m'ma 2000 BCE yomwe ikufotokoza momwe Mulungu amayesera okhulupirika, kuyankha mapemphero, ndi kuteteza gulu lachipangano chisanayambe (ie, Ahebri a m'chigawo cha Yudea). Tobit mu Nineve ndi wa Sara wosiyidwa ku Ecbatana. Mwana wa Tobit Tobias watumizidwa kuti akatenge siliva khumi matalente amene Tobit anasiyidwa pa Rhageson tawuni ya Media, (tauni) Motsogozedwa ndi kuthandizidwa ndi mngelo Raphael anafika ku Ecbatana, kumene anakumana ndi Sara. Chiwanda chotchedwa Asmodeus chimapha aliyense chimene chikufuna kukwatira, koma mothandizidwa ndi Raphael wotulutsidwa ndi Sarah chiwandacho ndi Tobia. kukwatiwa. Tobias ndi Sara anabwerera ku Nineve, kumene Tobit anachiritsidwa khungu lake.

Bukuli laphatikizidwa monga deuterocanonical m’mabuku Catholic ndi Eastern Orthodox ndi Dead Sea Scrolls. Mwambo wa Chiprotestanti umachiika mu Apocrypha, ndi Anabaptist, Lutheran, Anglican ndi Methodist amachizindikira kukhala chothandiza kaamba ka zifuno zomangirira ndi mapemphero, ngakhale kuti Mawu a m’Baibulo osakhala ovomerezeka

Othirira ndemanga ambiri amakono amazindikira kuti bukuli ndi lopeka ndipo limatchula zochitika zakale kwambiri. Nkhaniyi inalembedwa m'zaka za m'ma 800 BC, koma bukuli likuganiziridwa kuti linachokera pakati pa 225 ndi 175 BC. chiyambi cha Mesopotamia chikuwoneka chomveka poganizira kuti nkhaniyi ikuchitika ku Asuri ndi Persia ndipo imatchula chiwanda cha Perisiya "aeshma daeva", kumasulira "Asmodeus". Komabe, nkhaniyi ili ndi zolakwika zazikulu mwatsatanetsatane wa malo (monga mtunda wochokera ku Ecbatana kupita ku Rhages ndi malo ake), ndipo mikangano yotsutsa komanso yokomera zolemba za Ayuda kapena Aigupto ziliponso.

## Zolemba
Corbin Bleu

**Corbin Bleu Reivers** ( / bl uː / BLOO ; wobadwa February 21, 1989)  ndi wosewera komanso woimba waku America. kuchita,Adayamba mwaukadaulo kumapeto kwa 1990s asanakwezedwe kutchuka kumapeto kwa 2000s chifukwa cha udindo wake monga Chad Danforth mu  trilogy (2006-2008). Nyimbo zochokera m'mafilimu zidadziwikanso padziko lonse lapansi, ndi nyimbo " I Don't Dance " yomwe ikufika pachimake pa Top 70 ya  Hot 100 . Panthawiyi, adakhalanso ndi nyenyezi mu Disney Channel Original Movie *Jump In!* (2007) ndi filimu *Yolemba Chikondi pa Mikono Yake* (2015). Anachita nawo mpikisano mu nyengo ya 17 ya *Kuvina ndi Nyenyezi* . 

Corbin adachitanso ntchito yoimba ndipo *chimbale* chake choyambirira chinatulutsidwa mu 2007, chomwe chinali ndi nyimbo ya " Push It to the Limit ". Nyimboyi idayamba ndikufika pa nambala 36 pa chart ya US  200, ndikugulitsa makope 18,000 sabata yake yoyamba.  Chimbale chake chachiwiri *Speed of Light*, chinatulutsidwa mu 2009. Adabwereranso ku kanema wawayilesi, yemwe adakhala nawo mufilimu yakanthawi kochepa ya Ashton Kutcher -yopangidwa ndi CW *The Beautiful Life: TBL* (2009) ndi kanema *wa Free Style* (2009). Adawonekera m'mafilimu *a The Little Engine That Could* (2011), *Scary or Die* (2012), *Namwino 3D* (2013), *Shuga* (2013), *The Monkey's Paw* (2013), *Walk.* *Kwerani.* *Rodeo.* (2019), *Ndikumbukireni: Nkhani ya Mahalia Jackson* (2022), ndi *Camp Hideout* (2023).

Mu 2010, Corbin adasewera Usnavi mu kampani ya Broadway ya *In the Heights* .  Mu 2012, adabwerera ku Broadway mu chitsitsimutso cha *Godspell* .  Mu 2013, adaponyedwa ngati Jeffrey King pakutsitsimutsa kwapaintaneti kwakanthawi kochepa kwa sopo wamasiku *One Life to Live* . Mu 2016, Corbin adasewera Ted Hanover mu kampani ya Broadway ya *Holiday Inn, New Irving Berlin Musical* .   Pambuyo pake adasaina mgwirizano wojambula ndi Ghostlight Records,
George Washington Carver

**George Washington Carver** (c. 1864 - Januware 5, 1943) anali wasayansi waulimi waku America komanso woyambitsa yemwe adalimbikitsa mbewu zina kukhala thonje ndi njira zopewera kuchepa kwa nthaka.  Anali m'modzi mwa asayansi akuda otchuka kwambiri kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la 20.

Ngakhale pulofesa ku Tuskegee Institute, Carver adapanga njira zowongolera mitundu ya dothi lomwe latha chifukwa chobzala thonje mobwerezabwereza. Iye ankafuna kuti alimi osauka azilima mbewu zina, monga mtedza ndi mbatata, monga magwero a chakudya chawo komanso kuwongolera moyo wawo. Pansi pa utsogoleri wake, Experiment Station ku Tuskegee inafalitsa mauthenga opitilira makumi anayi othandiza alimi, ambiri olembedwa ndi iye, omwe amaphatikizapo maphikidwe; zambiri mwa zolembedwazo zinali ndi malangizo kwa alimi osauka, kuphatikizapo kuthana ndi kuchepa kwa nthaka ndi ndalama zochepa, kulima mbewu zazikulu, ndi kusunga chakudya.

Kupatula ntchito yake yopititsa patsogolo miyoyo ya alimi, Carver analinso mtsogoleri wolimbikitsa chilengedwe. Analandira ulemu wambiri chifukwa cha ntchito yake, kuphatikizapo Mendulo ya Spingarn ya NAACP. M’nthaŵi ya kugaŵikana kwakukulu kwa mafuko, kutchuka kwake kunafikira pa anthu akuda. Anthu ambiri ankamudziwa komanso kumuyamikira chifukwa cha zinthu zambiri zimene anachita komanso luso lake. Mu 1941, magazini ya Time inatcha Carver "Black Leonardo" 

## Zolemba
Liverpool F.C.

**Liverpool Football Club** ndi kalabu yamasewera ophunzitsidwa bwino yomwe ili ku Liverpool, England. Gululi limapikisana mu Premier League, gulu lapamwamba la mpira waku England. Yakhazikitsidwa mu 1892, kalabuyo idalowa nawo mu Soccer League chaka chotsatira ndipo idasewera masewera apanyumba ku Anfield kuyambira pomwe idakhazikitsidwa. Liverpool ndi imodzi mwamakalabu amtengo wapatali komanso othandizidwa kwambiri padziko lapansi.

Kunyumba, timuyi yapambana ma rekodi 20 a ligi, ma FA Cups asanu ndi atatu, chikhomo 10 cha League Cup ndi 16 FA Community Shields. M'mipikisano yapadziko lonse lapansi, gululi lapambana ma Cup a ku Europe asanu ndi limodzi, atatu a UEFA Cups, ma UEFA Super Cups anayi - zolemba zonse za Chingerezi - ndi FIFA Club World Cup imodzi. Liverpool idadzikhazikitsa ngati gulu lalikulu pamasewera apanyumba muzaka za m'ma 1960 motsogozedwa ndi Bill Shankly, isanakhale opikisana nawo osatha kunyumba ndi kunja pansi pa Bob Paisley, Joe Fagan ndi Kenny Dalglish omwe adatsogolera gululi kuti likhale ndi maudindo khumi ndi amodzi ophatikizana ndi ma Cups anayi aku Europe kudutsa m'ma 1970 ndi 80s. Liverpool idapambananso ma Cup awiri aku Europe mu 2005 ndi 2019 motsogozedwa ndi Rafael Benítez ndi Jürgen Klopp, motsatana; omaliza adatsogolera Liverpool kuti itenge mpikisano wakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi mu 2020, woyamba watimuyi munthawi ya Premier League. Klopp atachoka mu 2024, Arne Slot adatsogolera Liverpool pamutu wamakumi awiri mu ligi mu 2025.

Adatcha kale ma Reds, zinali pansi pa Shankly pomwe gululi lidatengera mzere wosiyana wanyumba wofiyira womwe wakhala ukugwiritsidwa ntchito kuyambira pamenepo. Chinanso chomwe chinatengedwa pansi pa ulamuliro wa Shankly chinali nyimbo ya kalabu "Simudzayenda Nokha". Ma Reds amapikisana mu Merseyside derby yakomweko motsutsana ndi Everton, yomwe nthawi zambiri imatchedwa Blues. Monga makalabu awiri okongoletsedwa kwambiri ku England, komanso omenyera mizinda, Liverpool ilinso ndi mkangano wakale ndi Manchester United.

Otsatira timuyi akumana ndi zovuta ziwiri zazikulu. Pampikisano wa European Cup mu 1985 ku Brussels, tsoka la Heysel Stadium lidawona mafani 39 - makamaka otsatira aku Italy otsutsana ndi Juventus - amwalira ataphwanyidwa pakati pa mafani a Liverpool omwe adathamangitsana ndi khoma la konkriti lomwe pambuyo pake linagwa. Chifukwa cha nkhanza zosalekeza, magulu achingerezi adaletsedwa kuchita nawo mipikisano yamakalabu aku Europe kwamuyaya, koma pamapeto pake kwa zaka zisanu, ndi Liverpool kwa chaka chowonjezera. Mu 1989, tsoka la Hillsborough linapha miyoyo ya otsatira 97 a Liverpool pambuyo pa apolisi mosasamala kwambiri zomwe zinachititsa kuti anthu aphwanyidwe; ngoziyi idapangitsa kuti mabwalo amipanda okhala ndi mipanda athetsedwe mokomera mabwalo amasewera opezeka anthu onse m'magulu awiri apamwamba a mpira waku England. Kampeni yazaka makumi angapo yokhudza chilungamo pamilandu ya Hillsborough idawonanso kufunsidwa kwa a coroner, makomiti ndi magulu odziyimira pawokha omwe pamapeto pake adachotsera oimba mlandu onse.
Alessandro Martinelli

**Alessandro Martinelli** (wobadwa 30 Meyi 1993) ndi wosewera mpira waku Swiss, yemwe pano amasewera ngati osewera wa FC Mendrisio ku Seconda Lega, gawo lachisanu ndi chimodzi lamasewera a Swiss Soccer League.

## Ziwerengero zantchito

### Club

## Zolemba
2024–25 Premier League

**Premier League ya 2024-25** inali nyengo ya 33 ya Premier League komanso nyengo ya 126 yamasewera apamwamba kwambiri aku England. Manchester City idalowa munyengoyi ngati akatswiri oteteza maulendo anayi, koma adachotsedwa pampando ndi Liverpool, yomwe idakhalanso akatswiri a Premier League kachiwiri ndi masewera anayi omwe atsala, zomwe zidafanana ndi mbiri ya Manchester United pamipikisano 20 ya ligi yaku England.

Zosinthazi zidatulutsidwa pa 18 June 2024, kuphatikiza maulendo 33 a sabata, maulendo anayi apakati pa sabata, ndi sabata imodzi yatchuthi ya Bank Holiday. Nthawi yopumira yachisanu ya milungu iwiri, kuyambira nyengo ya 2019-2020, idathetsedwa kuyambira nyengo ino ndicholinga choti osewera azikhala ndi nthawi yopumira yachilimwe. Kutalikirana pakati pa machesi adawonjezedwa pa nthawi yatchuthi pakati pa Khrisimasi ndi Tsiku la Chaka Chatsopano, popanda machesi omwe amachitika patsiku la Khrisimasi.

Zenera losinthira chilimwe linatsegulidwa pa 14 June 2024 ndipo linatseka 23:00 BST pa 30 August 2024. Zenera lachisanu linatsegulidwa pa 1 January 2025 ndipo linatseka 23:00 GMT pa 3 February 2025.  Iyi inalinso nyengo yomaliza yomwe mpira wa Nike udagwiritsidwa ntchito mumpikisano wapamwamba kwambiri, Puma akuyenera kukhala omwe amagulitsa mpira mumpikisano wapamwamba kuyambira 2025-2026.

Nyengo ino inali yoyamba kugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wa semi-automated offside, popeza makalabu a Premier League adagwirizana ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwake. Ukadaulowu udakonzedwa kuti uyambitsidwe pambuyo pa nthawi yopuma yapadziko lonse lapansi ya autumn,  koma idachedwa kuyesanso ukadaulo. Anayesedwa mu FA Cup lachisanu kuzungulira mtsogolo,  pambuyo pake Premier League inatsimikizira kuti teknoloji idzagwiritsidwa ntchito pa matchweek 32, pa 12 April 2025. Bwalo la Etihad linali loyamba kugwiritsa ntchito luso lamakono, pamasewera a Manchester City ndi Crystal Palace. 

Matimu onse atatu omwe adakwezedwa kumene adatsitsidwa (Leicester City, Ipswich Town, ndi Southampton).

## Magulu
Matimu 20 adapikisana mu ligi - matimu khumi ndi asanu ndi awiri omwe adapambana mu season yapitayi ndipo matimu atatu adatuluka mu Championship. Magulu omwe adakwezedwa anali Leicester City, Ipswich Town ndi Southampton. Leicester City ndi Southampton adabwerera atasowa chaka chimodzi, pomwe Ipswich Town idabweranso patatha zaka makumi awiri ndi ziwiri. Adalowa m'malo mwa Luton Town, Burnley ndi Sheffield United, omwe adatsitsidwa ku Championship pambuyo pa nyengo imodzi yokha mumpikisano wapamwamba, nthawi yoyamba kuyambira nyengo ya 1997-98 kuti matimu onse atatu omwe adakwezedwa adatsitsidwa pambuyo pa nyengo imodzi yokha.

: * Note: Table lists in alphabetical order.*

## League table

## Results

## Zolemba
Imfa ndi maliro a boma a Edgar Lungu

Edgar Chagwa Lungu, wachisanu ndi chimodzi pulezidenti wa Zambia, anamwalira pa 5 June 2025 ku Pretoria, South Africa, ali ndi zaka 68, pamene anali kulandira chithandizo cha cardiac complications yokhudzana ndi matenda omwe sananene. Boma la Zambia lalengeza kuti tsiku la kulira kwa dziko lonse lalengezedwa ndi boma la Zambia patatha masiku asanu ndi limodzi kubweretsa chiwerengero cha masiku asanu ndi chimodzi maliro. Mozambique adalengezanso masiku atatu akulira. Pambuyo pa Patriotic family Patsogolo ponena za ndondomeko za boma, mgwilizano unafikiridwa, ndi Purezidenti Hakainde Hichilema wotsogolera. Thupi la Lungu likuyenera kubwezeredwa ku Lusaka pa 18 June 2025, ndipo maliro a boma adzachitika pa 22 June ndi kuikidwa mmanda pa 23 June 2025 ku Embassy Park, malo ovomerezeka a pulezidenti wa Zambia. Lungu: Banja la pulezidenti wakale wa Zambia lathetsa mkangano wamaliro ndi boma honors natengedwa kupita kunyumba kwake kukagona m'boma. Kuyambira pa 19 mpaka 21 June, izikhala ku Mulungushi International Conference Center ku Lusaka kuti nzika zipereke ulemu wawo. The Lungu-date kulemekeza zofuna za pulezidenti wakale. Akuluakulu aboma adapempha mgwirizano ndikuthokoza anthu chifukwa cha kudekha kwawo panthawiyi. Pakati pa kusemphana maganizo kwanthawi yayitali pakati pa banja la a Lungu ndi boma la Zambia pa nkhani ya malamulo a boma ndi ndondomeko yoika maliro, kutsutsana kwakanthawi kochepa. Mapulani anapangidwa kuti abwezeretse mtembo wake ku Lusaka pa 18 June, ndi maliro a boma pa 22 June ndi kuikidwa mmanda pa 23 June 2025 ku Embassy Park.  Pa 18 June, banjali lidayimitsa mwadzidzidzi chigamulo chomwe chidakonzekera kubweza, kutsutsa boma la  Mkati mwa chipwirikiticho, Purezidenti Hakainde Hichilema adathetsa mwalamulo nthawi yamaliro yapadziko lonse pa 19 June 2025, ponena kuti dzikolo silingakhale pachisoni chosatha. Iye adatsimikiza kuti Lungu adayenera kuyikidwa m'manda ku Zambia ndi ulemu wonse, ndipo adawonjezera kuti: "Zitseko zathu, monga Boma, zikhale zotseguka kuti tigwirizanenso, momwe tingathere." 

## Zolemba
Célestine Galli-Marié

**Célestine Galli-Marié** (November 1840 - 22 September 1905) anali mezzo-soprano waku France, yemwe amadziwika kwambiri popanga gawo laudindo mu Carmen wa Georges Bizet. Anabadwa Marie-Célestine Laurence Marié de l'Isle mu November 1840 ku Paris. Anaphunzitsidwa kuyimba ndi abambo ake, Mécène Marié de l'Isle, yemwenso anali ndi ntchito yopambana ya opera. Koyamba kwake kudabwera mu 1859 ku Strasbourg, ndipo adayimba m'Chitaliyana ku Lisbon. Ali ndi zaka khumi ndi zisanu adakwatiwa ndi wosema dzina lake Galli (yemwe adamwalira mu 1861) ndipo adatenga dzina lake la siteji, Galli-Marié. Émile Perrin, director of the Opéra-Comique, adamumva akusewera Balfe's The Bohemian Girl ku Rouen ndikumubweretsa ku Paris. Adayimba ku Opéra-Comique mpaka 1885, akuyamba ku Pergolesi's La serva padrona. Maudindo ake otchuka anali Thomas's Mignon (1866) ndi Bizet's Carmen (1875). Zinanenedwa kuti pamasewero a 33 a Carmen pa 2 June 1875, Galli-Marié anali ndi chidziwitso cha imfa ya Bizet pamene akuimba zojambula za makhadi mu Act III, ndipo anakomoka pamene adachoka pa siteji; Wopeka nyimboyo adamwalira usiku womwewo ndipo sewero lotsatira lidathetsedwa chifukwa chakulephera kwake. Kuyenda maulendo ambiri, iye anachita Carmen ku Brussels (16 January 1876), Naples (woyamba Italy), Genoa, Barcelona, ​​Lyon, Liege ndi Dieppe asanabwerere mu Opéra-Comique chitsitsimutso cha kupanga choyambirira pa 22 October 1883. Ku London iye anaonekera pa Her Majness's Theatre mu 186 kupanga Opéraque mu 1886 kupanga Opéraque mu filimu yoyendera. 1890 kuti aimbe nyimbo yopezera ndalama kuti amange chipilala cha Bizet (uku kunali kuchita kwake komaliza). Adapanganso maudindo a Lazarille mu Don César de Bazan wa Massenet, Vendredi wa Offenbach ku Robinson Crusoé komanso udindo wawo mu Fantasio. Adachita ngati Kaleel mu Lara ya Aimé Maillart komanso ngati Blandine mu Le Capitaine Henriot ya François-Auguste Gevaert. Adayimba mu Fior d'Aliza ya Victor Massé, Théophile Semet [fr]'s La Petite Fadette, ndi Ernest Guiraud's Piccolino. Adawonekeranso ngati Taven mu Gounod's Mireille ndi Rose Friquet mu Maillart's Les dragons de Villars. Nthawi ina chakumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1860 ndi koyambirira kwa 1870s iye ndi wolemba nyimbo Émile Paladilhe adakhala okondana. Curtiss akunena kuti amasunga ma marmosets, ndipo nthawi zina amawatenga kuti akayese. Anamwalira pa 22 September 1905, ku Vence, France. Mawu ake adanenedwa kuti anali omveka bwino, omveka bwino komanso omveka bwino. Mawu apamwamba a mezzo-soprano nthawi ina ankatchedwa "Galli-Marié". Maudindo a Galli-Marié tsopano nthawi zina amaimbidwa ndi soprano.

## ZolembaZolemba
Plover yamitundu iwiri

**Plover yamitundu iwiri** (***Anarhynchus bicinctus***), yomwe imadziwika kuti **banded dotterel** kapena **pohowera** ku New Zealand, ndi mtundu wa mbalame za m'banja la plover. Mitundu iwiri imadziwika: Charadrius bicinctus bicinctus yosankhidwa, yomwe imaswana ku New Zealand, kuphatikizapo Chatham Islands, ndi Charadrius bicinctus exilis, yomwe imaswana kuzilumba za Auckland ku New Zealand.