Bingu wa Mutharika

Ngwazi Profesa **Bingu wa Mutharika**, ndi Pulezidenti wa dziko la Malawi ndipo adasankhidwa koyamba kukhala paudindowu pa 24 Meyi 2004. A Mutharika ndi mtsogoleri wa chipani cholamulira cha Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) chomwe chiri ndi aphungu ochuluka kwambiri mnyumba ya Malamulo malinga ndi zotsatira za chisankho chomwe chidachitika mchaka cha 2009.
A Bingu wa Mutharika adabadwira ku Thyolo, mtunda wa makilomita 30 kuchokera mu mzinda wa Blantyre. Iwo ali ndi madigriri a za ukachenjede wa zachuma ndi za chitukuko.
Mchigawo choyamba cha ulamuliro wao, 2004 -2009, komanso kufikira mchigawo chachiwiri cha upulezienti wao, a Mutharika asanduliza dziko la Malawi kuchoka pa dziko lomwe linkavutika ndi njala kufika pa dziko la mwana alilenji.
Kupambana kwa pologalamu yothandiza alimi akumidzi ndi mbeu zamakono komanso feteleza wotsika mtengo imene a Mutharika adayikhazikitsa mchaka cha 2005 ndi umboni wa mmene dziko lingadzipezere njira zothetsera njala. Chidwi cha a Pulezidenti Mutharika poonetsetsa kuti pologramuyi iyende bwino chidabala zipatso zabwino.



## Moyo wao
A Bingu wa Mutharika  adabadwa pa 24 Febuluwale 1934 mboma la Thyolo. Bambo awo, malemu Ryson Thom Twalo  Mutharika ndi mayi awo, malemu Eleni Thom Mutharika adali aKhirisitu odzipereka a mpingo wa Church of Scotland, umene udasintha dzina nkukhla CCAP. Bambo Ryson Mutharika anali mphunzitsi ndipo anakhulupilira kuti maphunziro ndiwo makiyi a moyo wopambana wa muthu aliyense. Mayi Eleni Mutharika ankapunzitsa amayi a Mvano za chikhrisitu.
A Bingu wa Mutharika adachita maphunziro awo ku mishoni ya Ulongwe ndi ku Chingoli mboma la Mulanje; Mtambanyama ndi Malamulo ku Thyolo; komanso ku Henry Henderson Institute (HHI) ku Blantyre. Kenaka adapita ku sukulu ya sekondale ya Dedza kumene adapambana bwino kwambiri mayeso a Cambridge mchaka cha 1956. Mchaka cha 1964, a Mutharika anali mmodzi mwa aMalawi 32 amene mtsogoleri wakale, Dr. Hastings Kamuzu Banda adawatumiza ku India kukapitiriza maphunziro awo.
Ali ku India komweko, a Mutharika adakachita maphunziro a zachuma ku Dehli School of Economics kumene adalandira digiri yapamwamba ya nkhani za chuma (M. A. Degreee in Economics). Kenaka anakatenganso digiri yapamwamba ya ukachenjede wa za chuma ndi chitukuko (PhD in Development Economics) ku Yunivesite ya Pacific Western ku Los Angeles mdziko la Amereka.
A Mutharika adachachitanso maphunziro ena apadera a kayendetsedwe ka mabizinesi, kayendetsedwe ka chuma, nkhani za malonda, za utsogoleri wandale komanso za mgwirizano wa mayiko pa nkhani za chuma.
A Mutharika adagwiranso ntchito mboma ngati katswiri wa zachuma ndi chitukuko. Iwo ndi muthu wodziwika bwino pa nkhani za chitukuko cha za chuma pa dziko lonse lapansi ndipo adakhalaponso pa maudindo aakuluakulu pamene ankagwira ntchito mboma la Malawi ndi la Zambia. 
Iwo adakhalanso wachiwiri kwa gavinala wa banki lalikulu mMalawi la Reserve Bank, ndipo adasankhidwa pa udindo wa nduna yoona mapulani a za chuma ndi chitukuko mchaka cha 2002. A Mutharika anagwiranso ntchito ku Banki lalikulu pa dziko lonse la pansi (World Bank) monga mkulu woyang’anira za kaperekedwe ka ngongole. Iwo nagwiranso ku bungwe la Mgwirizano wa mayiko a pa dziko lonse lapansi (United Nations), komanso anakhalapo mlembi wamkulu wa bungwe la za malonda la mayiko 22 a kumvuma ndi kummwera kwa Afrika, la COMESA.

## Kampeni ya Upulezidenti ya 2004
A Bingu wa Mutharika adasankhidwa kuti ayime pa chisankho cha Pulezidenti kolowa mmalo mwa a Bakili Muluzi amene nthawi yawo yokhala pa udindowu inali kupita ku mapeto. Pachisankho chimene chidachitika pa 20 Meyi 2004, a Mutharika adapambana popeza mavoti ambiri kuposa wina aliyense amene ankapikisana nawo monga a John Tembo ndi a Gwanda Chakuamba.
Pa 7 Okotoba, 2006 a Mutharika adalengeza maganizo awo ofuna kudzaimanso pa chisankho cha Pulezident cha 2009 kuyimirira chipani cha DPP. Patangotha zaka ziwiri, mu Okotoba 2008, bungwe lalikulu loyendetsa chipani cha DPP lidasankha a Mutharika kuti adzayimire chipanichi pa chisankho cha 2009.

## Kampeni ya 2009
A Mutharika adayimanso pa chisankho cha Pulezident cha 2009. Kaamba ka kukwera kwa ntchito za chuma ndi chitukuko muzaka zisanu zoyambirirra za ulamuliro wao, Pulezidenti Mutharika adapeza mavoti ochuluka kwambiri, okwana 66.7% kuposa wina aliyense amene amapikisana nawo.

## Teremu yoyamba ya Upulezidenti
Mchaka cha 2005, kaamba kokhazikitsa pulogalamu yothandiza alimi akumidzi ndi mbeu komanso feteleza, dziko la Malawi lidakolola chakudya chopyolera  muyezo chifukwa alimi akumidzi ndi anthu ena ovutika anali ndi mwawi wogula feteleza ndi mbewu zamakono pa mtengo wotsika kwambiri. Apa, a Pulezident Mutharika adaonetsa ukatwiri wao pogwiritsa ntchito njira zoyenera ndi zapamwamba zokwezera chitukuko cha madera a kumidzi. Anthu ambiri akuyamikira mfundo zowo zimene zathandiza kusintha dziko lomwe linkavutika kudyetsa anthu ake kukhala dziko lomwe likukolola chakudya chokwanira ndi china chotsala. 
Mzaka zoyambirira za ulamuliro wa a Mutharika (2004-2009) dziko la Malawi lidachita bwino kwambiri pa ulimi wa mbeu zosiyanasiyana komanso kukolora chakudya chokwanira. Mfundo zabwino za ulimi za a pulezidenti zidapindulira alimi oposa 1,700,000 powapezetsa mbeu zamakono ndi feteleza wotsika mtengo. Mchaka cha 2005/2006 dziko la Malawi lidakolola matani oposa 500,000 pamwamba pa chomwe chinkafunika. Mu chaka cha 2008/2009 chakudya chapadera chidaposa matani 1.3 miliyoni. Utsogoleri ndi masomphenya a aMutharika zachititsa kuti dziko la Malawi likhale ndi chakudya chokwanira ndi china chapadera chogulitsa ku mayiko ena a kummwera kwa Afrika.
Kuti izi zitheke, a Pulezidenti Mutharika adasintha mfundo zoyendetsera nkhani za chuma ncholinga choti chuma cha dzikoli chipite patsogolo potsatira njira izi:
* Kuyika patsogolo ntchito za ulimi ndi chakudya chokanira pofuna kuti dziko la Malawi likhale lodzidalira.
* Kupititsa mtsogolo ulimi wothirira kuti ulimi usamangodalira mvula yokha ayi.
* Kukweza ntchito za mtengatenga ndi mtokoma kuti anthu asamavutike poyenda ndi kunyamula katundu wao komanso kuthandiza kuti a Malawi azipeza misika ua zinthu zao kunja kwa dzikoli.
* Kupititsa mtsogolo ntchito za magetsi ncholinga cholimbikitsa ntchito za mafakitale ndi makampani kuti azipanga zinthu pogwiritsa ntchito mbeu zolimidwa ku Malawi.
* Kulimbikitsa nkhondo yolimbana ndi matenda a HIV/Edzi ngati vuto limene limabwezera mmbuyo ntchito za chitukuko.

## Chigawo chachiwiri cha Upulezidenti
Pansi pa ulamuliro wa a Pulezident Mutharika, dziko la Malawi lalimbikitsa mfundo za demokalase poonetsetsa kuti malamulo a dziko akulemekeza ufulu wachibawidwe wa anthu, kulekanitsa mphamvu za ziwalo za boma komanso kutsatira malamulo okhazikika. Chisankho cha 2009 chidali chopanda chovuta china chiri chonse ndipo chidali ngati chitsanzo chabwino kwa mayiko ena a mu Afrika. Chisankho cha Pulezidenti ndi Aphungu chidaonetsa kuti mfundo za demokalase ku Malawi zikupita mtsogolo. Anthu ambiri akuyamikira Pulezident Muthararika chifukwa choyikapo mtima pokweza ntchito za chuma ndi kulimbana ndi ziphuphu. Izi zapangitsa kuti mabungwe a zachuma monga IMF akhale ndi chikhulupiliro ndi utsogoleri wa a Mutharika.

## Chakudya chokwanira
Potsatira pempho la PulezidentI Mutharika, dziko la Malawi lidasonkhanitsa matani 150 ampunga umene boma lidatumiza ku Haiti kukathandiza anthu amene anakhudzidwa ndi chivomerezi mchaka cha 2010.  Kuonjezera pa kulimbikitsa chakudya chokwanira ku Malawi, a Mutharika adalimbikitsanso za kufunika kwa chakudya chokwanira kumayiko onse a mu Afirika. Pamene anali wapampando wa bungwe la mgwirizano wa mayiko a mu Afrika, AU, a Pulezidenti adayika ndondomeko zothandiza kuti mayiko a mu Afrika akhale odzidalira pa chakudya (African Food Basket), mmene adafotokoza njira zothandiza alimi ang’onoang’ono, makamaka azimayi, kupititsa mtsogolo ulimi wothirira ndinso kukweza ntchito za ulimi wa chakudya mu zaka zisanu.
Padakali pano pafupifupi theka la alimi ang’onoang’ono amalandira makuponi ogulira mbewu yamakono ya chimanga ndi feteleza pa mtengo wotsika. Poonetsetsa kuti pologalamuyi ipitirire patsogolo, boma lidaika padera  ndalama za ntchitoyi (11%) mu ndondomeko ya za chuma choyendetsera boma (budget) mchaka cha 2010/2011. Mothandizidwa ndi mvula yabwino, mfundo zimenezi zathandiza kuti dziko la Malawi likhale ndi chakudya chambiri. Zokolola zakhaninkhani zidadathandiza kuti Malawi isavutike kwambiri kaamba ka mavuto azachuma amene anakhudza maiko onse a padziko a 2008.

## Mfundo za Chuma
Mchaka cha 2009, unduna wa za chuma udalengeza kuti mzaka zinayi zammbuyomo, chiwerengero cha a Malawi amene anali pa umphawi wadzaoneneni chidatsika kuchoka pa 52% kufika pa 40%. Izi zidali chomwechi kaamba ka mfundo zabwino zoyendetsera dziko zimene pulezident Bingu wa Mutharika wakhala akutsatira, makamaka pa nkhani ya chakudya ndi njira zabwino zokopa makampani akunja kudzayambitsa ntchito zao za bizinesi ku Malawi. Mu ulamuliro wake, Pulezidenti Mutharika wamanga zipatala zing’onozing’ono mmadera ammidzi, misewu yatsopano yamakono, zipatala zazikulu, sukulu zatsopano ndi mahositelo 42 a atsikana pa zaka zitatu zokha, zomwe zachepetsa umphawi wa anthu. A Mutharika akweza miyoyo ya anthu pa nthawi yochepa (GDP 7.5%). Dziko la Malawi layikaponso mtima pa kafukufuku wa migodi ngati njira imodzi yokweza chitukuko. Mchaka cha 2009, mgodi woyamba wa miyala ya Uranium adautsegulira ku Kayerekera ku Karonga ndipo pali chiyembekezo choti mgodiwu uzibweretsa ndalama zokwana US $200 miliyoni pa chaka. Mgodiwunso wapezetsa ntchito anthu oyandikira nderalo.

## Wapampando wa Africa Union
Pa 31 Januale, 2010, a Mutharika adakhala wapampando wa Bungwe la Mgwirizano wa mayiko a mu Afrika la African Union (AU) kulowa mmalo mwa a Muammar al-Gaddafi amene ankafuna kuti apitirize chaka chachiwiri koma zidalephereka. A Mutharika ndi mtsogoleri woyamba wa dziko la Malawi kukhala pa udindowu. Poyankhula pamene amalandira udindowu, a Mutharika anati “ Afrika si dziko losauka ayi, koma anthu a mu Afrika ndi amene ali osauka” ndipo adapempha mayioko kuti “ Afrika itukule Afrika”. A pulezidenti Mutharika adatsindika kuti mfundo yayikulu yautsogoleri wao wa AU idzakhala kulimbukitsa masomphenya awo akufunika kwa kukhala odzidalira pachakudya.
Pa 4 Meyi, a Mutharika monga wapampando wa AU adakakhala nawo pa chikondwelero chokumbukira kuti dziko la Senegal lidakwanitsa zaka makumi anayi (50) chilandirire ufulu. 
Komanso iwo anakhala nawo pa msonkhaano wa G8 ku Canada ndi wa G20 ku Seoul, mdziko la South Korea.
Pa July, 26, Pulezidenti Ngwazi Prof. Bingu wa Mutharika anakhala nawo pa msonkhano wa African Union womwe udachitikira ku Kampala, Uganda. 

Pa 6 September, 2010, Pulezidenti Mutharika anapita ku Rwanda kukakhala nawo pa mwambo wolumbilitsa Pulezidenti Kagame

Pulezidenti Mutharika anakakhalanso nawo pasonkhano wolimbikitsa ubale wa pakati pa dziko la Iran ndi maiko onse a mu Africa omwe unachitikila ku Iran.

Pulezidenti Mutharika analankhula ku sukulu ya ukachenjede ya Boston ku America. Muuthenga wake kumeneko, Pulezidenti anatsimikizira anthu za momwe pulogalamu yopereka feteleza kwa alimi ang’onoang’ono ili yofunika ku maiko a ku Africa. Iye anati ngakhale maiko anzungu safuna kulimbikitsa chitidwewu kumaiko aku Africa, iwo kumaiko kwao akulimbikitsa chitidwewo.

Dziko la Malawi linapangitsa msonkhano wa nduna za ulimi mu maiko a Afilika womwe unachitikila mu mzinda wa Lilongwe. Ndunazi zinagwilizana kulimbikitsa nkhani yopereka fetereza kwa alimi ang’onoang’ono.

Pulezidenti Mutharika anali m’modzi mwa atsogoleri omwe anatsutsa kupambana kwa pulezidenti wakale wa ku Ivory Coast pa chisankho chomwe chinachitika mu 2010.

## Maulemu omwe analandira

Pulezidenti Mutharika wakhala akulandira maulemu wosiyanasiyana kuchokera kwa anthu osiyanasiyananso, kusonyeza kuthokoza pa zomwe  wakhala akuchitira mtundu wa aMalawi Pulezident wa dzikoli. 
* Ulemu kuchokera ku bungwe la United Nations” United Nations Special Millenium Developemnt goals” mu chaka cha 2010. Ulemuyu unapelekedwa chifukwa cha mfundo za bwino zothetsa njala mu dzikoli.
* Ulemu wina womwe analandira kuchokera ku bungwe la COMESA mu chaka cha 2010. Uwu unali ulemu woyamikira utsogoleri wabwino umene a pulezidenti anauwonetsa pamene anali tsogoleri wa COMESA kuyambira chaka cha 1991 mpaka 1997.
* Ulemu wina wochokera ku bungwe la Southern Africa Trust Drivers of Change mchaka cha 2009. Uwu unali ulemu umene analandira chifukwa chothetsa njala m’dzikoli.  Muzaka zinayi za ulamuliro wa Pulezidenti Mutharika umphawi wathetsedwa kuchokera pa 58 kufika 42 %. Izi zathandiza maiko ene a mu Africa kuzindikira kuti nawonso atha kuziimila paokha pankhani yothetsa njala.
* Ulemu wina wa “Medal of Glory” mchaka cha 2009. Pulezidenti Mutharika analandira ulemuwu chifukwa cha kusintha kwabwino kwa njira zaulimi, zimene zinapangitsa kuti chitukuko chikwere kufika pa 9.9 % mu chaka cha 2008.
* Ulemu wopambana kwambiri wotchedwa” the most Excellent Grand Commander” omwe umaperekedwa mdziko la Malawi.
* Ulemu wotchedwa” Inaugural Food Agriculture and Natural Resources Policy Analysis Network Food Security Policy Leadership Award” mu chaka cha 2008. Ulemuwu unaperekedwa chifukwa cha ntchito zabwino zimene anapanga pothetsa njala mdzikoli.
* Ulemu wina wotchedwa “FAOs Agriola Medal” mchaka cha 2008 ulemu chifukwa cha zimene a pulezidenti Mutharika alipangila dziko la Malawi kukhala dziko la mkaka ndi uchi.
* Ulemu wotchedwa “Loiuse Blouin Foundation Award for Exceptional Creative Achievement” mu chaka cha 2008 pa nkhani ya chitukuko.
* Ulemu umene linapereka boma la Denmark chifukwa cholimikitsa kusasiyana pakati pa amayi ndi abambo mchaka cha 2008.

Pulezidenti Mutharika analandiranso madigriri a ulemu osiyanasiyana kuchokera ku sukulu za ukachenjede monga East China Normal University mu chaka cha 2010, Yunivesite ya  Dehli mchaka cha 2010, Yunivesite ya Mzuzu mu 2008 ndiponso Yunivesite ya Strathclyde mu 2005.

Pulezidenti Mutharika anayambitsa bungwe la Bineth Trust lomwe limalimbikitsa ntchito za maphunziro, ndiponso bungwe la Silver-Grey Foundation. Pulezidenti Mutharika anayambitsanso sukulu  za ukachenjede monga Malawi University of Science and Technology, Lilongwe University of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Cotton Research ku Bagula, University of Marine Biology ndiponso University of Mombera ndi University of Nkhotakota.

## Mbiri ya banja lake

Pulezidenti Mutharika anakwatira malemu mayi Ethel Zvauya Mutharika ndipo iwowo anabereka nawo ana anayi. Mayi Mutharika anatisiya pa May, 28, 2007, atadwala kwa nthawi yayitali matenda a kansa

Mchaka cha 2010, Pulezident Mutharika analengeza kuti akufuna kukwatira mayi Callista Chapola, omwe anakhalapo nduna ya zokopa alendo. Pulezidenti Mutharika ndi Mayi Callista Mutharika anakwatitsa mchaka cha 2010 chomwecho.

A Pulezidenti Mutharika ali ndi mngono wawo, a Peter Mutharika, amene anali mphunsitsi pa Yunivesite ya Washington ku America. Mchaka cha 2009, a Peter Mutharika anasankhidwa kukhala phungu wa ku nyumba ya malamulo, ndipo kenaka anasankhidwa kukhala nduna ya za malamulo, nadzakhalanso nduna ya zamaphunziro. Panopa aPeter Mutharika ndi pulezidenti wopuma.