open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Acheŵa

**Acheŵa (kapena Anthu a Acheŵa)** A Chewa ndi mtundu wa anthu pafupi ndi nyanja ya Malawi, ndipo amakhala m'mayiko a Malawi, Zambia ndi Mozambique. 

## Mbiri

Zolemba pakamwa ya AChewa angatanthauzidwe kuti amachokera ku Malambo, dera la Luba ku Democratic Republic of the Congo, komwe adasamukira kumpoto kwa Zambia, kenako kummwera ndi kum'mawa kupita kumapiri a Malawi. Kukhazikika kumeneku kunachitika zaka chikwi zisanathe. Atalanda malo kuchokera kwa anthu ena a Bantu, adasonkhananso ku Choma, malo ogwirizana ndi phiri la kumpoto kwa Malawi, ndi mapiri a kumpoto chakum'maŵa kwa Zambia.

Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa matanthauzidwe angapo osiyanasiyana a zolemba zakale zapakamwa za Achewa. Ufumu woyamba wa Achewa unakhazikitsidwa zaka za m’ma 1480 zisanafike kapena pambuyo pake, ndipo pofika zaka za m’ma 1500 panali maulamuliro awiri, umodzi woyendetsedwa ndi banja la a Banda ku Mankhamba (pafupi ndi Nthakataka), ndipo wina ndi wa a Phiri ku Manthimba. A Phiri amalumikizana ndi phiri la Malawi la Kaphirintiwa.[citation needed]

Pofika m’zaka za m’ma 1700, dziko la ‘Malawi’ litagwirizana, Apwitikizi anali atakumana ndi Achewa. Ngakhale kuti Apwitikizi sanafike pachimake pa ufumu wa mfumu, pali zolembedwa zolembedwa bwino za anthu olankhulana pakati pa 1608 ndi 1667. Pofika m’chaka cha 1750, mafumu angapo a ‘Malawi’ anali ataphatikiza maudindo awo m’madera osiyanasiyana apakati pa dziko la Malawi; komabe Achewa, adakwanitsa kudzisiyanitsa ndi anansi awo kudzera m'chinenero, pokhala ndi zizindikiro zapadera (mphini), komanso pokhala ndi chipembedzo chozikidwa pa zinsinsi za nyau.

## Zofanana ndi mitundu ina
Mafuko oyandikana kwambiri ndi a Chewa ndi a Tumbuka, Nsenga, Sena, Nyungwe ndi Tonga (Malawi & Mozambique).
Lingua Franca Nova

**Lingua Franca Nova** (kapena chi Elefen) ndi chiyankhulo chopangidwa komanso chosavuta, chokhazikika, ndi chosavuta kuphunzira pa kulankhulana kwapadziko lonse. Chiyankhulochi, chilinso ndi zinthu zabwino zambiri:
# Chili ndi mawu ochepa chabe. Zikumveka ngati ndi Chitaliyana kapena Chisipanishi.
# Mawuwo amalembedwa m'mawu a m'Baibulo. Palibe mwana amene ayenera kuphunzira zinthu zosalongosoka kwa zaka zambiri.
# Chili ndi galamala yofanana ndi ya zinenero zina za ku Ulaya.
# Chili ndi zilembo zochepa ndi zokhazikika za mawu opangira mawu.
# Chili ndi malamulo omveka bwino a mawu, mogwirizana ndi zinenero zambiri zikuluzikulu.
# Mawu ake ali ndi mizu m'zinenero zamakono zachiroma. Ziyankhulo zimenezi n'zofala kwambiri ndipo zimakhudza kwambiri anthu.
# Linapangidwa kuti livomereze mwachibadwa mawu atsopano a Chilatini ndi Chigiriki, "muyezo wapadziko lonse".
# Cholinga chake n'chakuti anthu amene amadziwa bwino zinenero zachiroma aziona kuti chinenerochi n'chachibadwa, koma anthu ena asamavutike kuphunzira.
FIFA 23

**FIFA 23** ndi mchitidwe wophatikizira bwalo la bawo la mpira wa nthawi yabwino wa 2022 mwa mawonekedwe a video amene anali kuchokera ku EA Vancouver ndi kusungidwa ndi Electronic Arts. Iyakhazikitsidwa kwa PlayStation 4, PlayStation 5, Xbox One, Xbox Series X ndi Series S, Nintendo Switch, Google Stadia ndi Microsoft Windows.
A Negress

**A Negress** (Polish: Murzynka) ndi chojambula chamafuta cha 1884 chojambulidwa ndi wojambula waku Poland, Anna Bilińska. Chojambulacho chinabedwa ku National Museum ku Warsaw pa nthawi ya nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse ndipo sichinasowe mpaka chinagulitsidwa mu 2011 ndipo chinabwezeredwa ku nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale mu 2012.
Kiyomizu-dera

**Kiyomizu-dera**(jap. - *清水寺*) ndi kachisi wachibuda womwe uli kum'mawa kwa Kyoto,Japan. Kachisiyu ndi mbali ya Historic Monuments of Ancient Kyoto UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Kachisiyu anakhazikitsidwa ndi Enchin Shonin mu 778 kumapeto kwa nyengo ya Nara, yemwe anali wansembe wochokera ku Nara, analandira masomphenya omanga kachisi pafupi ndi kasupe wa Otowa.

Mu 798,Sakanoue Tamuramaro, anawongolera malowa mwa kuphatikizapo holo yaikulu yomwe inakwezedwanso kuchokera ku nyumba yachifumu ya Mfumu Kammu. Mfumuyo inachoka ku Nara chifukwa cha chisonkhezero champhamvu chimene nyumba za amonke za Chibuda inali nacho pa boma kumeneko. Panthawiyi panali mpikisano wamphamvu pakati pa akachisi a Kofuku-ji ndi akachisi a Kiyomizu-dera ndipo onse anali ndi mphamvu zamphamvu kuzungulira dera.

Nyumba zambiri zimene zilipo m'kachisiyu zinamangidwa mu 1633, zomwe zinalamulidwa ndi Tokugawa Iemitsu. Palibe msomali umodzi womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito mu chimango chonse. Imatenga dzina lake kuchokera ku mathithi mkati mwa nyumbayo, yomwe imayenda pafupi ndi mapiri. Kiyomizu amatanthauza madzi oyera, kapena madzi oyera.

Poyamba inali yogwirizana ndi mpatuko wakale ndi wotchuka wa Hossō wa m'nthaŵi za Nara. Komabe, mu 1965 inadula mgwirizano umenewo, ndipo osunga ake omwe alipowa amadzitcha mamembala a mpatuko wa "Kita-Hossō".
DNA

**DNA**, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti deoxyribonucleic acid, ndi chinthu chofunika kwambiri m'thupi la zamoyo. Ndi mtundu wa molecule yomwe imasunga malangizo a jeni. DNA ili m'makoswe amitundu yonse yamoyo ndipo imagwira ntchito yofunikira pakukula, kukula, ndi kubereka kwa zamoyo.

M'mawonekedwe ake, DNA imakhala ngati mzere wopindika wotchedwa helix iwiri. Ili ndi ma nucleotides anayi: adenine (A), thymine (T), cytosine (C), ndi guanine (G). Kukonzekera kwa ma nucleotides awa m'machitidwe osiyanasiyana kumapanga ma jini, omwe ndi malangizo a momwe thupi lizigwirira ntchito.

Pa chigawo cha kubereka, DNA imatha kudzipatula ndikupanga makope awiri ofanana ndi ake. Izi zimathandiza kuti zamoyo zitha kupanga zidzukulu zofanana ndi iwo.

DNA imathandizanso popanga ma protein, omwe ndi ofunikira pa ntchito zambiri za thupi. Ma jini a m'DNA amapereka malangizo opanga ma protein, omwe amachita ntchito zosiyanasiyana monga kumanga zinthu, kuchiza matenda, ndi kukonza maselo.

Choncho, DNA ndi yofunika kwambiri pakuyendetsa moyo ndipo imakhudza chilichonse kuyambira pa mawonekedwe a thupi mpaka kwa matenda omwe munthu angakhale nawo.
Physics

**Physics** ndi sayansi yomwe imafufuza ndi kufotokoza momwe chilengedwe chimagwirira ntchito, kuyambira pazinthu zazing'ono kwambiri monga ma atomu ndi ma photon, mpaka pazinthu zazikulu monga nyenyezi ndi chilengedwe chonse. Imaphatikizapo kufufuza ndi kumvetsetsa malamulo omwe amayendetsa zinthu zonse zomwe zilipo, kuyambira pa zinthu zophweka monga kugwa kwa chinthu chifukwa cha mphamvu ya mphamvu yokoka mpaka kwa zinthu zovuta monga zochitika mu mphamvu za nyukiliya.

**Mitu yaikulu m'physics imaphatikizapo:**

**Mechanics**: Kufufuza momwe zinthu zimakhalira ndi kusuntha pansi pa mphamvu, kuphatikizapo mphamvu yokoka, mphamvu ya inertia, ndi ena.

**Thermodynamics**: Kufufuza mphamvu ndi kutentha, kuphatikizapo malamulo a thermodynamics ndi momwe amagwirira ntchito m'makina ndi zinthu zina.

**Electromagnetism**: Kufufuza ma electric ndi ma magnetic fields, kuphatikizapo momwe magetsi amapangidwira, kufalitsidwa, ndi kugwiritsidwa ntchito.

**Quantum Mechanics**: Sayansi ya zinthu zazing'ono kwambiri monga ma atomu ndi ma subatomic particles. Izi zimaphatikizapo kumvetsetsa chikhalidwe chosadziwika bwino cha zinthu pa mlingo wawung'ono.

**Relativity**: Ntchito ya **Albert Einstein**, yomwe imafotokoza momwe nthawi ndi malo amakhudzirana, makamaka pamene tili ndi zinthu zothamanga kwambiri kapena mphamvu zazikulu za gravity.

Physics imakhala yofunika kwambiri pakufufuza ndi kukonza zatsopano, monga matekinoloje a m'manja, zida zamankhwala, ndi njira zatsopano zopangira mphamvu. Imathandizanso pophunzira za chilengedwe, monga chiyambi ndi tsogolo la chilengedwe, ndi kufufuza zakuthambo ndi zam'nyanja.
Albania

**Albania** (al. - *Shqipëria*) ndi dziko lomwe limapezeka ku Europu.

Chiwerengero cha anthu: 2,793,592 (2023).

## Demographics

## Malifalensi
Boma la Mzimba

**Mzimba** ndi  boma mu chigawo cha kumpoto kwa dziko la Malawi. Likulu lake ndi Mzimba. Derali lili ndi malo okwana 10,430 km2 ndipo lili ndi anthu 610,944. Ndilo chigawo chachikulu koposa m'Malawi.

## Makhalidwe ake
Mapiri a Viphya ali kum'mwera ndi kum'maŵa kwa chigawochi. Chigwa cha Mzimba chimakhala pakatikati pa chigawochi, chomwe chimatsitsidwa ndi Mtsinje wa South Rukuru ndi nthambi zake. Malire akumadzulo kwa chigawochi ali m'malire a Malawi ndi Zambia, pomwe malire otsika amalekanitsa beseni la South Rukuru ndi beseni la Luangwa ku Zambia.




## Boma

Pali zigawo khumi ndi ziwiri za Nyumba Yamalamulo ku Mzimba:

* Mzimba - Central
* Mzimba - East
* Mzimba - Hora
* Mzimba - Luwelezi
* Mzimba - Mzuzu City
* Mzimba - North
* Mzimba - North East
* Mzimba - Solora
* Mzimba - South
* Mzimba - South East
* Mzimba - South West
* Mzimba - West

Since 2009.

## Mizinda ya m'chigawo cha Mzimba
*Mzimba (capital)
*Mzuzu 
*Ekwendeni

## Chuma
Ntchito zofala kwambiri ndizolima chimanga ndi nyemba zowonjezeredwa ndi ziŵeto, kuwonjezera apo fodya amalimidwa monga mbewu ya ndalama. Pakali pano ku Mzimba kuli makomiti a maphunziro okwana 98.

## Chiwerengero cha anthu
Panthawi ya Kafukufuku wa Malawi wa 2018, kugawidwa kwa anthu m'chigawo cha Mzimba ndi mafuko anali motere:
* 78.3% Tumbuka
* 9.1% Chewa
* 6.3% Ngoni
* 1.4% Lomwe
* 1.1% Yao
* 1.0% Tonga
* 0.9% Sukwa
* 0.4% Lambya
* 0.3% Nkhonde
* 0.1% Sena
* 0.1% Mang'anja
* 0.1% Nyanja
* 0.8% Others

## Chikhalidwe
Chigawochi chimapangidwa ndi anthu a Tumbuka omwe ali ndi chikhalidwe chawo cha Dance (VIMBUZA) komanso mbadwa za anthu a Ngoni ochokera ku South Africa omwe ali ndi chikhalidwe chawo cha Dance (Ingoma). Komabe chilankhulo chachikulu chomwe amalankhula ndi chiTumbuka. Likulu la chigawocho lili ku Mzimba. Komabe, tauni yaikulu ndi Mzuzu, yomwe ndi likulu la chigawo cha kumpoto kwa Malawi.

Komanso ndi likulu la netball ku Malawi, masewera opambana kwambiri ku Malawi. Osewera ambiri mu timu ya dziko, kuphatikizapo nyenyezi yapadziko lonse Mwayi Kumwenda anabadwira ndikukula ku Mzimba.

## Mbiri
Mbiri imanena kuti a Zwangendaba Ngonis anali ankhondo amene anakhazikika kumpoto kwa Malawi. Komabe, pamene mutu wa banja la Zwangendaba anamwalira, ana ake aamuna anasamukira ku chigawo chimene tsopano ndi chigawo cha Mzimba ndipo asanu ndi aŵiri mwa mbadwa zake akulamulirabe. Mzimba, lomwe limatanthauza thupi la munthu, linakhudzidwa ndi mayitanidwe ogawanitsa chigawocho m'magawo atatu kumayambiriro kwa 2016. Nzika ndi akuluakulu ena anafuna kuti chigawocho chigaŵanike, pamene wolamulira wamkulu sanali kutero.

## Anthu odziwika
Mwayi Kumwenda (1989- ), a netball player for the Malawi national team.

## Woananiso
*Embangweni
*Kanjuchi
*Chikangawa
*Euthin
*Edingen
*Manyamula
*Mphelembe
*Eswazin
*Mbalachanda
*Enukweni
*Bulala

## Zolemba

*USAID - Aid from the American People
Joao Grimaldo

**Joao Alberto Grimaldo Ubidia** (wobadwa pa 20 February 2003) ndi wosewera mpira waku Peru. Amasewera ngati kutsogolo ndipo timu yake yapano ndi Sporting Cristal wochokera ku Liga 1 yaku Peru.

Wobadwira ndikukulira mumzinda wa Rimac, ali ndi zaka 16 adakhazikika ku Lima, komwe Sporting Cristal adavomera kumulanga atasamukira ku likulu. The Promotion Tournament mu 2018, adapanga kuwonekera koyamba kugulu lake ndi timu yoyamba ali ndi zaka 28, mu November 2020. Atakhala chizolowezi chovulala koyambirira kwa ntchito yake, adakhazikitsanso nyengo ina yosungirako kuti akwaniritse mpikisano wazaka ziwiri chaka chimenecho. Chaka chotsatira adadziwonetsa ngati wosewera wofunikira kwambiri ku gululi, adatenga udindo wake woyamba mu 2020, pomwe ndi Sporting Cristal adakhala ngwazi ya mpikisanowo. Tournament, Bicentennial Cup ndipo alengezedwa kukhala omaliza mu mpikisanowu.

## Zolemba
Democratic Republic of Congo

**Democratic Republic of Congo** ndi dziko lomwe lili pakati pa Africa, ndipo lili m'malire ndi Angola kumwera chakumadzulo, Republic of Congo kumadzulo, Central African Republic kumpoto, South Sudan kumpoto chakum'mawa, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi ndi Tanzania kum'mawa. ndi Zambia kummwera. 

Likulu komanso mzinda waukulu kwambiri ndi Kinshasa, womwe kale unali doko lamalonda lomwe limakhazikitsidwa pamphepete mwa Mtsinje wa Congo, (womwe umayenda pakati pa Republic of Congo ndi Democratic Republic of Congo). 

## Mbiri
Ku Congo Basin kunkakhala anthu amitundu ina kwa zaka zoposa 80,000, ndipo ankakhala moyo wosaka nyama. Kukula kwa Bantu kunachitika zaka 5,000 zapitazo, ndipo Bantus adasakanikirana ndi anthu amtundu wa akafula, kupanga akafula kubisala kwambiri m'nkhalango za Kongo, pamene Bantus anali ndi ulimi wopita patsogolo.

Ufumu (Ufumu wa Kongo) udapanga kumwera kwa mtsinje wa Kongo kuzungulira 1300 AD, ndipo unali mbadwa ya anthu a Bakongo (Bantu). Apwitikizi adapeza Ufumu wa Congo ndipo adali ndi ubale wovuta, (Chipwitikizi ndi Kongo zinali ndi nkhondo zambiri).

Cha m'ma 1800 AD, Scramble of Africa idachitika, ndipo maulamuliro osiyanasiyana aku Ulaya adajambula kontinenti ya Africa. Dera la Congo lidagawika zigawo ziwiri, Republic of Congo kukhala dziko la France, pomwe Democratic Republic of Congo inali dziko la Belgian. Kufuna mphira kunali chimodzi mwa zigawenga zoopsa kwambiri m'mbiri, ndipo a Belgian anali kukakamiza anthu a ku Congo kuti atolere mphira kwa anthu a ku Belgium, ndipo ngati sanatolere labala, a Belgian akanadula manja a anthu a ku Congo.

Derali linali ndi ufulu wodzilamulira m'zaka za m'ma 1960, ndipo pulezidenti woyamba anali Joseph Kabila.
Ositireliya

**Ositireliya** (Chingerezi: *English*) ndi dziko lomwe lili ku Osheaniya. Likulu lake ndi Canberra ndipo mzinda waukulu kwambiri ndi Sydney.

* New South Wales
* Victoria
* Queensland
* Ositireliya ya Kumadzolo (*Western Australia*)
* Ositireliya ya Kumwera (*South Australia*)
* Tasmania
* Australian Capital Territory
* Gawo ya Kumpoto (*Northern Territory*)
Afilika ya Kumwera

Dziko la **** ndilogawidwa muzigawo zazing’ono zisanu ndi zinai :

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## Maboma a South Africa
* Durban - wamdziko = 595 061 (2011)
* Cape Town - wamdziko = 3 740 026 (2011)
* Johannesburg - wamdziko = 957 441 (2011)
Zachary Stenning

**Zachary Stanning** ndi msirikali waku Britain, yemwe pakali pano amagwira ntchito ngati wamkulu wa Royal Military Academy Sandhurst. Wapambana mphoto monga Order of the British Empire.

## Zolemba
Queensland

**Queensland** (kwenikweni /ˈkwiːnzlænd/ KWEENZ-land, omwe amatchedwa mwachidule kuti Qld) ndi chigawo chakummawa kwa Australia, chachiwiri chachikulu ndi chachitatu chokhala ndi anthu ambiri pakati pa zigawo za Australia. Chili ndi malire ndi Northern Territory, South Australia, ndi New South Wales kumadzulo, kum'mwera chakumadzulo, ndi kum'mwera motsatana. Kum'mawa, Queensland imakhala ndi malire ndi Nyanja ya Coral ndi Nyanja ya Pacific; kumpoto kwake kuli Torres Strait, yomwe imalekanitsa dziko la Australia ndi Papua New Guinea, ndi Gulf of Carpentaria kumpoto chakumadzulo. Ndi malo okwana 1,723,030 square kilometres (665,270 sq mi), Queensland ndi chigawo chachisanu ndi chimodzi chachikulu kwambiri padziko lonse; ndichachikulu kuposa mayiko 16 onse kupatula. Chifukwa cha kukula kwake, mawonekedwe ake ndi nyengo za Queensland ndizovuta, kuphatikizapo nkhalango za m'tchire, mitsinje, miyala yamchere, minda yamapiri, ndi magombe amchenga m'madera otentha ndi ocheperako a m'mphepete mwa nyanja, komanso zigwa ndi savanna m'malo ozizira ndi a m'chipululu m'mkati mwa chigawochi.
Nthawi ya Victorian

M'mbiri ya United Kingdom ndi Britain Empire, **nthawi ya Victorian** inali nthawi yomwe Mfumukazi Victoria analamulira, kuyambira pa 20 June 1837 mpaka imfa yake pa 22 January 1901. Nthawi zina pali matanthauzo osiyana pang'ono omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Nyengoyi idatsatira nthawi ya ku Georgia ndipo idatsogolera ku nthawi ya Edwardian, ndipo theka lake linagwirizana ndi gawo loyamba la nyengo ya Belle Époque ku continental Europe.
Mornington Island

**Mornington Island**, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti **Kunhanhaa**, ndi chisumbu chomwe chili ku Gulf of Carpentaria ku Shire of Mornington, Queensland, Australia . Ndiwo kumpoto kwambiri ndipo, pa 1,018 km2  ,  chachikulu kwambiri mwa zisumbu 22 zomwe zimapanga gulu la Wellesley Islands . Tawuni yayikulu kwambiri, Gununa, ili kumwera chakumadzulo kwa chilumbachi.

Anthu a Lardil ndi eni ake a chilumbachi, koma alinso ndi anthu a Kaiadilt, omwe adasamutsidwa kuchokera ku Bentinck Island, komanso mitundu ina. Mornington Island Mission idagwira ntchito kuyambira 1914 mpaka 1978, itatengedwa ndi Boma la Queensland, lomwe linapangitsa kuti zilumbazi zikhale malo osungirako anthu a Aboriginal mu 1905. Mirndiyan Gununa Aboriginal Corporation imayang'anira malo ochitira zojambulajambula, MIArt, ndi gulu lovina, a Mornington Island Dancers.
Nước pha sữa

**Nước pha sữa** là nước được sử dụng để pha trộn với sữa bột cho trẻ em hoặc người lớn sử dụng. Nước pha sữa thường phải đáp ứng các tiêu chuẩn khắt khe về vệ sinh và an toàn thực phẩm vì nó ảnh hưởng trực tiếp đến sức khỏe của người tiêu dùng, đặc biệt là trẻ sơ sinh và trẻ nhỏ.

Nước pha sữa là loại nước chuyên dụng dùng để pha sữa, giúp các bố mẹ tránh khỏi các sai lầm khi sử dụng nước khoáng, nước kiềm, nước mưa và nước máy không đạt chuẩn để pha sữa bột. 

Nước pha sữa có độ tinh khiết rất cao (thanh khiết), chỉ bao gồm H₂O nhằm giữ nguyên mùi vị và không ảnh hưởng đến công thức của sữa bột.

## Yêu cầu đối với nước pha sữa
Sạch và an toàn: Nước pha sữa có độ TDS tiệm cận bằng 0 (≤ 3 ppm), nghĩa là gần như không có bất kỳ chất rắn hòa tan nào. Nước không chứa các vi khuẩn, virus và bất kỳ tạp chất nào. Trong khi đó các loại nước khoáng, nước máy và nước tinh khiết có độ TDS cao hơn rất nhiều.

Độ pH lý tưởng 7.0: hoàn toàn phù hợp với khuyến cáo của Tổ chức Y tế Thế giới về nước pha sữa cho trẻ. Nhờ vậy, dưỡng chất trong sữa được bảo toàn trọn vẹn, giúp bé hấp thu tốt nhất.

Cấu tạo phân tử: Một số nước thanh khiết pha sữa có cụm phân tử siêu nhỏ chỉ 0,5nm giúp dễ thẩm thấu và hấp thu, trong khi đó nước tinh khiết có cụm phân tử lớn hơn gấp 5 lần, khoảng 2,5nm.

## Tầm quan trọng
Việc sử dụng nước pha sữa đúng cách giúp đảm bảo an toàn thực phẩm và sức khỏe cho người sử dụng, đặc biệt là trẻ nhỏ, tránh các nguy cơ về ngộ độc và bệnh tật.

## Chú thích
Nước thanh khiết

**Nước thanh khiết** là nước hoàn toàn trong sạch, thuần khiết, không có bất kỳ tạp chất hay vi khuẩn.

Nó được tạo ra bằng cách sử dụng hệ thống lọc chuyên dụng để loại bỏ các tất cả các tạp chất ra khỏi nguồn nước đầu vào như nước máy, nước ngầm hoặc nước giếng chỉ giữ lại H₂O (mỗi phân tử của nó chứa một nguyên tử oxy và hai nguyên tử hydro, được nối với nhau bằng liên kết cộng hóa trị).

**Cấu tạo**

Nước thanh khiết có độ TDS tiệm cận bằng 0 (≤ 3 ppm), nghĩa là gần như không có bất kỳ chất rắn hòa tan nào. Trong khi đó nước tinh khiết độ TDS ≤ 50 ppm.

Vì vậy nước thanh khiết có độ hoàn hảo cao hơn nước tinh khiết.

Một số nước thanh khiết có cụm phân tử siêu nhỏ chỉ 0,5nm giúp dễ thẩm thấu và hấp thu, trong khi đó nước tinh khiết có cụm phân tử lớn hơn gấp 5 lần, khoảng 2,5nm.

TDS - (Total Dissolved Solids - là tổng lượng chất rắn hòa tan trong nước, là thước đo của sự thuần khiết).

## Công dụng
Nước thanh khiết thường được sử dụng cho mục đích uống, hoà tan và trong các phòng thí nghiệm.

## Chú thích
Lexie Hull

**Lexie Lauren Hull** (wobadwa September 13, 1999) ndi wosewera mpira waku America wa Indiana Fever mu Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA). Adasewera basketball ya koleji ku Stanford Cardinal, komwe adasankhidwa katatu All-Pac-12, adapambana mpikisano wadziko lonse, ndikulandira Senior CLASS ndi Elite 90 Award munyengo yake yayikulu. Hull adapita ku Central Valley High School ku Spokane Valley, Washington, pomwe adathandizira timu yake kupambana maudindo awiri aboma ndipo adavotera nyenyezi zisanu ndi ESPN.
Sitali Alibuzwi

Lieutenant General **Sitali Alibuzwi**, ndi msilikali wa ku Zambia yemwe wakhala Mtsogoleri wa asilikali a Zambia kuyambira 29 August 2021. Adakwezedwa paudindo wa Major General kukhala Lieutenant General, tsiku lomwe adasankhidwa kukhala Mtsogoleri wa Asilikali. Adalowa m'malo mwa Lieutenant General William Sikazwe, yemwe adagwira ntchitoyi pakati pa Disembala 2018 ndi Ogasiti 2021. Asilikali aku Zambia ndi amodzi mwa magulu atatu a Gulu Lankhondo la Zambia.

Asanakhale Mkulu wa Gulu Lankhondo, anali Wachiwiri kwa Mtsogoleri wa Gulu Lankhondo la Zambia, paudindo wa Major General, kuyambira Januware 2019 mpaka Ogasiti 2021. Adalumbiritsidwa kukhala Wachiwiri kwa Mtsogoleri Wankhondo pa 2 Januware 2019, ndi Purezidenti Edgar Lungu, ulamuliro woika.

## Zolemba
William Sikazwe

Lieutenant General **William Sikazwe**, ndi mkulu wa asilikali ku Zambia yemwe anali Mtsogoleri wa asilikali a Zambia mpaka August 2021. Analowa m'malo mwa Lieutenant General Paul Mihova, yemwe pamodzi ndi wachiwiri wake, Major General Jackson Miti, adapuma pantchito chifukwa cha "zofuna za dziko". Asitikali aku Zambia ndi amodzi mwa magawo atatu a Gulu Lankhondo la Zambia.

## Zolemba

## Maulalo akunja
Peter Charles

**Peter Charles** MBE (wobadwa 1 Januware 1960) ndi wosewera pamahatchi waku Britain amene amapikisana pamasewera odumphira.

Charles poyamba adapikisana ndi Great Britain, kenako adasintha kukhala Irish mu 1992. Mu 2007, adasiya Ireland ndikuyambanso kuimira Great Britain.  Anali m'gulu la Britain lomwe linapambana mendulo ya golide pa Olimpiki ya 2012. 

Charles adasankhidwa kukhala Membala wa Order of the British Empire (MBE) mu Honours ya Chaka Chatsopano cha 2013 chifukwa cha ntchito zake zamahatchi.
Sally Gabori

**Mirdidingkingathi Juwarnda Sally Gabori** (c. 1924 - 11 February 2015) anali wojambula wachi Aboriginal waku Australia. Adayamba kujambula ali ndi zaka 81, ndikupanga zithunzi zomwe zimaimira Dziko lake, kumwera kwa chilumba cha Bentinck ku Queensland, Australia.
DiJonai Carrington

**DiJonai Carrington** (wobadwa January 8, 1998) ndi wosewera mpira waku America waku Connecticut Sun. Adasewera basketball yaku koleji ku Stanford ndipo pambuyo pake ku Baylor, asanalembedwe ndi Connecticut Sun mu 2021 WNBA Draft.
Chigawo cha Bình Dương

**Bình Dương** ndi chigawo cha Vietnam. Chili m'chigawo cha Southeast cha dzikolo komanso m'chigawo cha Southern Key Economic Zone 2, ndipo chimakhala ndi malire ndi chigawo cha Bình Phước kumpoto, Ho Chi Minh City (Sài Gòn) kumwera ndi kumwera chakumadzulo, chigawo cha Tây Ninh kumadzulo, ndi chigawo cha Đồng Nai kum'mawa. Chigawochi chinapangidwa kuchokera kuchigawo cha Sông Bé pa 1 Januware 1997.
Chigawo cha Đồng Tháp

**Đồng Tháp** ndi chigawo mu Mekong Delta ndi dera la Plain of Reeds kum'mwera kwa Vietnam. Đồng Tháp ili pamtunda wa makilomita 165 (103 mi) kuchokera ku Ho Chi Minh City, ndipo ili ndi malire ndi chigawo cha Pray Veng (Cambodia) kumpoto ndi utali wa makilomita oposa 48 (30 mi); Vĩnh Long ndi Cần Thơ kum'mwera; An Giang kumadzulo; ndi Long An ndi Tiền Giang kum'mawa.
Fodya yamagetsi

**Ndudu yamagetsi** (e-cigarette) kapena vape ndi chipangizo chomwe chimatsanzira kusuta fodya. Chimakhala ndi atomizer, gwero lamphamvu monga batri, ndi chidebe monga cartridge kapena thanki. M'malo mosuta utsi, wogwiritsa ntchito amatsokomola nthunzi.
Nazareti

Nazareti (/ ˈ**næzərəθ**/ **NAZ-ər-əth**; Chiarabu: **النَّاصِرَة**, romanized: an-Nāṣira; Chihebri: **נָצְרַת**, romanized: Nāṣraṯ; Syriac: CASSETTAG, romanized in the North is the biggest District of Israel. Mu 2022 anthu ake anali 78,007. Wodziwika kuti "likulu la Aarabu la Israeli", Nazareti ndi malo azikhalidwe, ndale, zipembedzo, zachuma ndi zamalonda kwa nzika zachiarabu za Israeli. Anthu okhalamo ndi nzika zachiarabu za Israeli, omwe 69% ndi Asilamu ndipo 30.9% ndi Akhristu. Mzindawu ulinso ndi tanthauzo lalikulu lachipembedzo, kuchokera kumudzi kwawo kwa Yesu, mtsogoleri wamkulu wa Chikhristu komanso mneneri wachisilamu.

Zomwe zafukulidwa m’phanga lapafupi la Qafzeh zikusonyeza kuti dera lozungulira Nazareti linali ndi anthu m’nthawi ya mbiri yakale. Nazarete unali mudzi wa Ayuda mu nthawi ya Aroma ndi Byzantine ndipo akufotokozedwa mu Chipangano Chatsopano monga kwawo kwa Yesu ali mwana. Unakhala mzinda wofunikira panthawi ya Nkhondo Zamtanda pambuyo poti Tancred adaukhazikitsa ngati likulu la Principality of Galileya. Mzindawu udachepa muulamuliro wa Amamluk, ndipo pambuyo pa kugonjetsedwa kwa Ottoman, Akhristu okhala mumzindawo adathamangitsidwa, koma adabwerera kamodzi Fakhr ad-Dīn Wachiwiri adawalola kutero.[8] M'zaka za zana la 18, Zahir al-Umar adasintha Nazareth kukhala tawuni yayikulu polimbikitsa anthu osamukirako. Mzindawu udakula pang'onopang'ono kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1900 komanso koyambirira kwa zaka za zana la 20, pomwe maulamuliro aku Europe adayika ndalama pomanga matchalitchi, nyumba za amonke, maphunziro ndi zipatala.

Kuyambira kalekale, Nazareti wakhala likulu la maulendo achikhristu, ndi tiakachisi ambiri kukumbukira zochitika za m’Baibulo. Tchalitchi cha Annunciation chimatengedwa kuti ndi amodzi mwamalo akulu kwambiri achikhristu ku Middle East. Lili ndi Grotto of the Annunciation, kumene, malinga ndi mwambo wachikatolika, mngelo Gabrieli anaonekera kwa Mariya ndi kulengeza kuti adzakhala ndi pakati ndi kubereka Yesu. Malinga ndi chikhulupiriro cha Greek Orthodox, chochitika chomwecho chinachitika ku Tchalitchi cha Greek Orthodox of the Annunciation, chomwe chimatchedwanso Tchalitchi cha Saint Gabriel. Mipingo ina yofunika ku Nazareti ndi Sinagoge Church, St. Joseph's Church, Mensa Christi Church, ndi Basilica of Jesus the Adolescent.
Basshunter

**Basshunter**, **Jonas Erik Altberg** (anabadwa 22 Disembala 1984 ku Halmstad) ndi woimba wa ku Sweden.

## Discography
### Zojambula za studio
* *[[The Bassmachine]]* (2004)
* *[[LOL (Basshunter album)|LOL]]* (2006)
* *[[Now You're Gone – The Album]]* (2008)
* *[[Bass Generation]]* (2009)
* *[[Calling Time]]* (2013)
Donald Trump Jr.

Donald John Trump Jr. (wobadwa Disembala 31, 1977), yemwe nthawi zambiri amatchedwa Don Jr., ndi wochita bizinesi waku America. Iye ndi mwana wamkulu wa pulezidenti wosankhidwa wa US Donald Trump ndi mkazi wake woyamba Ivana Trump.

Trump amagwira ntchito ngati trasti komanso wachiwiri kwa purezidenti wamkulu wa bungwe la Trump Organisation, akuyendetsa kampaniyo limodzi ndi mng'ono wake Eric. Panthawi ya utsogoleri wa abambo awo, abale anapitirizabe kuchita malonda ndi ndalama m'mayiko akunja, komanso kusonkhanitsa malipiro m'zinthu zawo za US kuchokera ku maboma akunja, ngakhale adalonjeza kuti sadzachita. Adakhala ngati woweruza wa boardroom pachiwonetsero chenicheni cha TV chokhala ndi abambo ake, The Apprentice. Adalemba Triggered mu 2019 ndi Liberal Privilege mu 2020.

Trump anali wokangalika pa kampeni ya abambo ake a 2016. Adagwirizana ndi Russia pakusokoneza zisankho zaku United States za 2016 ndipo adakumana ndi loya waku Russia yemwe adalonjeza zambiri zowononga kampeni ya Hillary Clinton pachisankho chapurezidenti cha 2016. Trump adalimbikitsa ma Republican angapo pazisankho zapakati pa 2018. Walimbikitsa ziphunzitso zambiri zachiwembu.

A Trump adachita nawo kampeni yaupulezidenti wa 2020 wa abambo ake, nthawi zambiri amakhala pa kampeni komanso amawonetsedwa m'nkhani zonena zopanda pake. Pachisankho adayitana "nkhondo yonse" popeza zotsatira zake zidawerengedwa ndikulimbikitsa chiphunzitso chobedwa cha chiwembu. Pambuyo pa kugonjetsedwa kwa abambo ake, adayesa kusokoneza zotsatira zake. Adalankhula pamsonkhano womwe udayambitsa kugwa kwa Capitol, pomwe adawopseza otsutsa a Trump kuti "tikubwera." [9] Mu Januware 2021, Attorney General for the District of Columbia Karl Racine adati akuyang'ana. ngati angaimbe mlandu a Donald Trump Jr. chifukwa choyambitsa ziwawa ku US Capitol pakufufuza zaupandu pazachiwembucho. CNN idanenanso mu Epulo 2022 kuti patatha masiku awiri chisankhocho, a Trump Jr. adatumiza meseji kwa Chief of Staff ku White House Mark Meadows akufotokoza njira zowonongera dongosolo la Electoral College ndikuwonetsetsa kuti abambo ake atenga nthawi yachiwiri.

Pamsonkhano wa Republican National Convention wa 2024, adatsogolera mafotokozedwe a JD Vance, yemwe adasankhidwa kukhala mnzake wa Purezidenti wakale.

## Zolemba
Chisankho cha Purezidenti waku United States cha 2024

**Chisankho cha pulezidenti ku United States cha 2024** chinachitika pa 5 November 2024. Donald Trump, yemwe anali pulezidenti kuyambira 2017 mpaka 2021, adathamanga ndi JD Vance, senator wa ku Ohio, monga oimira Republican. Adagonjetsa Wachiwiri kwa Purezidenti Kamala Harris ndi a Tim Walz, kazembe wa Minnesota, omwe adayimira Democratic Party. Trump ndi Vance atenga udindo ngati Purezidenti ndi Wachiwiri kwa Purezidenti pa 20 Januware 2025.

Purezidenti Joe Biden adakonzekera kuti adzayimenso zisankho koma adatuluka mu Julayi 2024 chifukwa chodera nkhawa za msinkhu komanso thanzi lake. Kamala Harris ndiye adasankhidwa kukhala Democratic ndipo adasankha Tim Walz kukhala mnzake womuthamangira.

Trump, yemwe adataya chisankho cha 2020 kwa Biden, adathamanganso ndikupambana chisankho cha Republican. Kampeni yake idaphatikizanso zabodza zokhudzana ndi zisankho za 2020 komanso mauthenga odana ndi olowa. A Trump adakumana ndi zovuta zamalamulo, kuphatikiza chigamulo chonamizira zolemba zabodza mu Meyi 2024, ndipo adapulumuka pamayesero awiri akupha panthawi ya kampeni.

Purezidenti yemwe adakhalapo, a Joe Biden a chipani cha Democratic Party, adapikisana nawo pachisankhonso ndi a Harris, 

Chisankhochi chinachitika pamodzi ndi mavoti a Senate ya US, Nyumba ya Oyimilira, ndi abwanamkubwa a boma. Nkhani zazikulu pachisankho zinali zachuma, kuchotsa mimba, kusintha kwanyengo, demokalase, maphunziro, mfundo zakunja, chisamaliro chaumoyo, kusamuka, ndi ufulu wa LGBTQ. Chuma ndicho chidali chodetsa nkhawa anthu ambiri ovota.

Trump ndi Vance adalengezedwa kuti ndi opambana pa 6 November 2024. Harris adayitana Trump kuti avomereze ndipo adalankhula tsiku lomwelo. Trump ndi purezidenti wachiwiri yemwe sanatsatire malamulo, ndipo ali ndi zaka 78, ndiye wamkulu kwambiri kusankhidwa kukhala purezidenti.

## Results

### Electoral results
### Results by state

#### States that flipped

#### Exit Polls

TOTAL -->
## Results
### Electoral results

Preliminary results with 94% of the expected vote counted.

### Results by state

### States and EV districts that flipped from Democratic to Republican

* Georgia
* Michigan
* Pennsylvania
* Wisconsin

### Exit poll

## Zolemba

## Zolemba Zina
1999 Bridge Creek-Moore tornado

**Mphepo yamkuntho ya 1999 Bridge Creek-Moore** inali tornado yayikulu, yanthawi yayitali, komanso yamphamvu kwambiri ya F5 momwe mphepo yamkuntho imathamanga kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi pa 321 miles pa ola (517 kilomita pa ola) ndi Doppler on Wheels radar. Popeza kuti chimphepo chamkunthochi chinali champhamvu kwambiri kuposa china chilichonse chimene chinakhudza mzinda wa Oklahoma City, mvula yamkunthoyo inawononga madera akum’mwera kwa mzinda wa Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States pamene phirili linali lolimba kwambiri, limodzi ndi madera ndi matauni ozungulira kum’mwera ndi kum’mwera chakumadzulo kwa mzindawu madzulo. ya Lolemba, May 3, 1999. Magawo a Bridge Creek sanazindikirike. Mphepo yamkunthoyo inayenda mtunda wa makilomita 61 (makilomita 61) mkati mwa mphindi 85 za moyo wake, ikuwononga nyumba zikwizikwi, kupha anthu 36 (kuphatikizanso ena asanu mosalunjika), ndikusiya US$1 biliyoni (1999 USD) ikuwonongeka, ndikuyiyika ngati yachisanu- okwera mtengo kwambiri osawerengera inflation. Kuopsa kwake kudapangitsa kuti a National Weather Service agwiritse ntchito koyamba mawu adzidzidzi.

Mphepo yamkunthoyo inayamba kugunda 6:23 p.m. Central Daylight Time ku Grady County, pafupifupi mailosi awiri (makilomita 3.2) kumwera chakumwera chakumadzulo kwa tawuni ya Amber. Idakula mwachangu kukhala F4 yachiwawa, ndipo pang'onopang'ono idafika pa F5 itayenda ma 6.5 miles (10.5 kilometers), pomwe idagunda tawuni ya Bridge Creek. Idasinthasintha mphamvu, kuyambira pa F2 mpaka F5 isanawoloke ku Cleveland County komwe idafikira kulimba kwa F5 kachitatu itangolowa mumzinda wa Moore. Pofika 7:30 p.m., chimphepocho chinawolokera ku Oklahoma County ndipo chinagunda kum’mwera chakum’mawa kwa Oklahoma City, Del City, ndi Midwest City chisanachoke cha m’ma 7:48 p.m. kunja kwa Midwest City. Nyumba zokwana 8,132, nyumba 1,041, mabizinesi 260, nyumba za anthu khumi ndi chimodzi, ndi mipingo isanu ndi iwiri zidawonongeka kapena kuwonongedwa.

Ntchito zazikulu zofufuza ndi kupulumutsa nthawi yomweyo zidachitika m'malo okhudzidwa. Chilengezo chachikulu cha tsoka chinasainidwa ndi Purezidenti Bill Clinton tsiku lotsatira (May 4) kulola kuti boma lilandire thandizo la federal. M'miyezi yotsatira, thandizo la tsoka linafika $67.8 miliyoni. Ntchito zomanganso m'zaka zotsatila zidapangitsa kuti anthu azikhala otetezeka, okonzeka ndi mphepo yamkuntho. Komabe, pa May 20, 2013, madera oyandikana ndi malo amene mphepo yamkuntho inachitikira mu 1999 anawonongedwanso ndi chimphepo china chachikulu komanso champhamvu cha EF5, zomwe zinapha anthu 24 komanso kuwonongeka kwakukulu ku South Oklahoma City/Moore dera.

## Chidule cha Meteorological
Kamala Harris

**Kamala Devi Harris** (wobadwa 20 Okutobala 1964) ndi wandale komanso loya waku America yemwe wakhala wachiwiri kwa 49th waku United States kuyambira 2021, akugwira ntchito motsogozedwa ndi Purezidenti Joe Biden. Iye ndi mkazi woyamba, woyamba waku Africa America, komanso waku Asia America woyamba kukhala wachiwiri kwa purezidenti, zomwe zimamupanga kukhala wamkulu waudindo wamkazi m'mbiri ya U.S. Membala wa Democratic Party, Harris anali woyimira chipanichi pazisankho za 2024, kukhala mkazi wachiwiri kulandira chipani chachikulu.

Harris anali senator waku California waku US kuyambira 2017 mpaka 2021 komanso woyimira boma wamkulu kuyambira 2011 mpaka 2017. Izi zisanachitike, anali loya wachigawo cha San Francisco kuyambira 2004 mpaka 2011. Wobadwira ku Oakland, California, Harris adamaliza maphunziro awo ku Howard University ndi University Yunivesite ya California, Hastings College of the Law. Anayamba ntchito yake yazamalamulo mu ofesi ya loya wachigawo cha Alameda County ndipo pambuyo pake adagwira ntchito ku Ofesi ya Loya Wachigawo cha San Francisco ndi ofesi ya loya wa mzinda.

Mu 2016, Harris adasankhidwa kukhala mkazi wachiwiri Wakuda komanso senate woyamba waku South Asia America US. Munthawi yake ku Senate, adathandizira malamulo okhwima amfuti, DREAM Act, kuvomerezeka kwa cannabis, komanso kusintha kwaumoyo ndi misonkho. Adapeza chidwi chadziko lonse pofunsa akuluakulu a Trump pamisonkhano ya Senate.

Harris adapikisana nawo pa chisankho chapulezidenti wa demokalase wa 2020 koma adasiya ma primaries asanachitike. Biden adamusankha ngati mnzake womuthandizira, ndipo adapambana motsutsana ndi Purezidenti Donald Trump ndi Wachiwiri kwa Purezidenti Mike Pence. Monga wachiwiri kwa purezidenti, Harris waponya mavoti ophwanya malamulo mu Senate kuposa omwe adamutsogolera, kuthandiza kuti apereke malamulo ofunikira monga American Rescue Plan Act ya 2021 ndi Inflation Reduction Act ya 2022. Biden atasiya mpikisano wa 2024, Harris. , mothandizidwa ndi iye, adakhala wosankhidwa ndi Democratic ndikusankha Bwanamkubwa Tim Walz kukhala mnzake womuyimira. Adataya chisankho cha 2024 kwa a Donald Trump.

## Zolemba
Senanga

**Senanga** ndi tawuni yomwe ili m'chigawo chakumadzulo kwa Zambia, m'mphepete mwa mtsinje wa Zambezi, kumapeto chakumwera kwa Barotse Floodplain. Ili mumsewu waukulu womwe umayenderana ndi mtsinje wochokera ku Livingstone ndi Sesheke kupita ku Mongu, womwe umawoloka mtsinjewu ndi bwato lamtunda pafupifupi makilomita 15 (9 mi) kumwera kwa Senanga. Gawo la nsewu wopita ku Mongu lili bwino kwambiri popeza posachedwapa linathiridwa phula ndipo gawo lopita ku Sesheke lili ndi nsewu wa miyala, nthawi zambiri mvula imakhala yoipa.

Kuonjezela pa mtsinje ndi madzi osefukira omwe ali ndi mwayi wa nyama zakuthengo ndi usodzi, Senanga ili pa mtunda wa makilomita 120 (75 mi) kuchokera ku Sioma Ngwezi National Park ndipo pafupifupi 80 km (50 mi) kuchokera ku mathithi a Ngonye. Ili ndi hotelo ndipo imagwira ntchito ngati maziko a maulendo osodza pa boti. Mlongoti wamtali wa wailesi umapanga chizindikiro chodziwika bwino mtawuniyi.

Derali limakonda kupha nsomba zosaloledwa zomwe zikuwononga kwambiri malo oswana a nembwe, tigerfish ndi slidejaw.

## References
Rhodochrosite

Rhodochrosite ndi mchere wa manganese carbonate wokhala ndi mankhwala opangidwa ndi MnCO3. M'mawonekedwe ake oyera (kawirikawiri), nthawi zambiri amakhala amtundu wofiyira, [5] koma amathanso kukhala apinki mpaka bulauni. Imakhala yoyera, [6] ndipo kulimba kwake kwa Mohs kumasiyana pakati pa 3.5 ndi 4.5. Mphamvu yokoka yake ili pakati pa 3.45 ndi 3.6. The crystal system of rhodochrosite ndi trigonal, ndi kapangidwe ndi cleavage mu carbonate rhombohedral system. Ma ion carbonate (CO2-

3) amakonzedwa mu dongosolo la katatu, ndipo ma manganese ions (Mn2 +) azunguliridwa ndi ma ion 6 a oxygen mu dongosolo la octahedral. Makona atatu a MnO6 octahedra ndi CO3 amalumikizidwa pamodzi kuti apange mawonekedwe amitundu itatu. Crystal twinning nthawi zambiri amapezeka. Ikhoza kusokonezedwa ndi manganese silicate rhodonite, koma ndi yofewa kwambiri. Rhodochrosite imapangidwa ndi oxidation ya manganese ore, ndipo imapezeka ku South Africa, China, ndi America. Ndi chimodzi mwa zizindikiro za dziko la Argentina ndi dziko la Colorado.

Rhodochrosite imapanga mndandanda wathunthu wazitsulo zolimba ndi iron carbonate (siderite). Calcium (komanso magnesium ndi zinki, pang'ono) nthawi zambiri amalowa m'malo mwa manganese mu kapangidwe kake, zomwe zimatsogolera ku mithunzi yowala yofiira ndi pinki, kutengera kuchuluka kwa m'malo. Ichi ndichifukwa chake mtundu wa rose wa rhodochrosite.

## Zolemba
Peru

**Peru**, mwalamulo Republic of Peru, ndi dziko kumadzulo kwa South America. Imakhala m'malire ndi kumpoto ndi Ecuador ndi Colombia, kum'mawa ndi Brazil, kumwera chakum'mawa ndi Bolivia, kumwera ndi Chile, kumwera ndi kumadzulo ndi Pacific Ocean. Peru ndi dziko laling'ono, lokhala ndi malo oyambira ku zigwa zouma za m'mphepete mwa nyanja ya Pacific kumadzulo, mpaka pamwamba pa mapiri a Andes kuyambira kumpoto mpaka kum'mwera chakum'mawa kwa dzikolo, mpaka kunkhalango yamvula ya Amazon kum'mawa. mtsinje wa Amazon. Peru ili ndi anthu opitilira 32 miliyoni, ndipo likulu lake ndi mzinda waukulu kwambiri ndi Lima. Pa 1,285,216 km2 (496,225 sq mi), Peru ndi dziko la 19 padziko lonse lapansi, komanso lachitatu ku South America.

## Zolemba
Johannes Vermeer

**Johannes Vermeer** amadziwikanso kuti Jan Vermeer; Okutobala 1632 - 15 Disembala 1675) anali wojambula wachi Dutch yemwe adachita chidwi ndi zochitika zapakhomo za moyo wapakatikati. Amawerengedwa kuti ndi m'modzi mwa ojambula kwambiri a Dutch Golden Age. M'moyo wake, anali wojambula bwino wamitundu yodziwika bwino ku Delft ndi The Hague. Anajambula zithunzi zochepa, zomwe zimangopeza ndalama zake monga wogulitsa zojambulajambula. Iye sanali wolemera; pa imfa yake, mkazi wake anatsala ndi ngongole.

Vermeer ankagwira ntchito pang'onopang'ono komanso mosamala kwambiri, ndipo nthawi zambiri ankagwiritsa ntchito utoto wodula kwambiri. Iye amadziwika makamaka chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito mwaluso kuwala m'ntchito yake.[4] "Pafupifupi zojambula zake zonse", Hans Koningsberger analemba, "zikuoneka kuti zimayikidwa m'zipinda zing'onozing'ono ziwiri m'nyumba yake ku Delft; zimasonyeza mipando ndi zokongoletsera zofanana m'makonzedwe osiyanasiyana ndipo nthawi zambiri zimasonyeza anthu omwewo, makamaka akazi." 

Munthu wotchuka wodzichepetsa amene ankasangalala naye pa moyo wake analowa m'malo atafa. Iye sanatchulidwe konse m'buku lalikulu la Arnold Houbraken pa zojambula zachi Dutch za m'zaka za zana la 17 (Grand Theatre ya Dutch Painters and Women Artists, lofalitsidwa mu 1718) ndipo, chifukwa chake, sanasiyidwe ku kafukufuku wotsatira wa luso lachi Dutch kwa zaka pafupifupi mazana awiri. M'zaka za zana la 19, Vermeer adapezekanso ndi Gustav Friedrich Waagen ndi Théophile Thoré-Bürger, yemwe adafalitsa nkhani yosonyeza zithunzi 66 kwa iye, ngakhale kuti zithunzi 34 zokha ndizojambula zomwe zikufotokozedwa padziko lonse lapansi lero. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, mbiri ya Vermeer yakula kwambiri.

## Zolemba
Claude Monet

**Claude Monet** (14 Novembala 1840 - 5 Decembala 1926) anali utoto waku France uku ndipo umayambitsa utoto wamakono yemwe amawoneka ngati wamakono, makamaka poyesera utoto monga momwe amazindikira.  Pa nthawi yayitali, anali wokopa kwambiri komanso wothandiza kwambiri pofotokoza malingaliro a chilengedwe, makamaka monga momwe amagwiritsidwira ntchito poyitanitsa (zakunja). njira ina ku salon.

## Zolemba
Peterhof Palace

**Peterhof Palace** ndi mndandanda wa nyumbayi ndi masamba omwe akupezeka ku Petergof, Saint Petersburg, Russia, omwe anapangidwa ndi Peter the Great ngati yankho mwachindunji ku Nyumba ya Versailles ya Louis XIV wa France. Choyambirira anafuna kuti ikhale malo okhalamo mu 1709, Peter the Great anafuna kuwonjezera malo a nyumbayi chifukwa cha ulendo wake ku nyumba ya ufumu ya ku France mu 1717, zomwe zinapangitsa kuti azitchula kuti "The Russian Versailles". inspiring the nickname of  "The Russian Versailles". Wopanga nyumba pakati pa 1714 ndi 1728 anali Domenico Trezzini, ndipo staili yomwe anagwiritsa ntchito inakhala chiyambi cha staili ya Petrine Baroque yomwe inakondedwa ku Saint Petersburg. M'mwezi wa 1714, Jean-Baptiste Alexandre Le Blond, amene angakhale anasankhidwa chifukwa cha mgwirizano wake wochitidwa kale ndi wopanga masamba wa ku Versailles André Le Nôtre, anapanga masamba. Francesco Bartolomeo Rastrelli anamaliza kuwonjezera malo kuchokera mu 1747 mpaka 1756 kwa Elizabeth wa Russia. Nyumba-ensemble limodzi ndi chigawo cha mzinda limatchulidwa ngati UNESCO World Heritage Site.

## Zolemba
Jeju Air Flight 2216

**Jeju Air Flight 2216** inali ndege ya Jeju Air yomwe inakonzedwa kuchokera ku Suvarnabhumi Airport ku Bangkok, Thailand, kupita ku Muan International Airport ku Muan County, South Korea. Pa 29 December 2024, ndege ya Boeing 737-800 yomwe ikugwira ntchito yoyendetsa ndegeyo inatera pamtunda wautali ku Muan ndipo inagwera mu gulu la ILS lomwe linayikidwa pa berm kupitirira mapeto a msewu, zomwe zinachititsa kuti anthu 179 afa; Ogwira ntchito m'chipinda chogona awiri okha omwe adakhala pansi adapulumuka, ndi kuvulala.

Ngoziyi inali yoopsa kwambiri pa ndege ya ku South Korea kuyambira pamene ndege ya ku Korea Air Flight 801 inagwa mu 1997 ku Guam ndipo inakhala zoopsa kwambiri pa nthaka ya South Korea, kuposa kuwonongeka kwa Air China Flight 129 mu 2002. Ichi chinalinso choyamba chopha anthu. kuwonongeka m'mbiri ya Jeju Air, yomwe inali ndi zaka 19 pa nthawi ya ngoziyi.

Ngoziyi ikuwoneka ngati ngozi yakupha kwambiri pa ndege ya 2024 mpaka pano, yakupha kwambiri pa ndege ya Boeing 737 Next Generation, kupitilira kugwa kwa 2020 kwa Ukraine International Airlines Flight 752, ndipo pakadali pano ndiye ngozi yowopsa kwambiri yapaulendo kuyambira ngozi ya Lion Air Flight 610 mu 2018.

## Zolemba
Muan County

**Muan County** (Korean: 무안군; RR: Muan-gun) ndi boma ku South Jeolla Province, South Korea. Mu 2005, Muan County idakhala likulu la South Jeolla kutsatira kusamutsidwa kwa ofesi yachigawo kuchokera komwe idakhalako ku Gwangju kupita kumudzi wa Namak ku Muan. Muan International Airport idatsegulidwa pano, ndipo pamapeto pake idzalowa m'malo mwa eyapoti ku Gwangju (yalowa m'malo mwa Airport ya Mokpo).

## Zolemba
Boeing 737 mndandanda m'badwo wotsatira

**Boeing 737 Next Generation**, yomwe nthawi zambiri imafupikitsidwa ngati 737NG, kapena 737 Next Gen, ndi ndege yopapatiza yokhala ndi ma injini awiri opangidwa ndi Boeing Commercial Airplanes. Idakhazikitsidwa mu 1993 ngati m'badwo wachitatu wa Boeing 737, idapangidwa kuyambira 1997.

737NG ndikukweza kwa mndandanda wa 737 Classic (–300/–400/–500). Poyerekeza ndi 737 Classic, ili ndi mapiko okonzedwanso okhala ndi malo okulirapo, mapiko okulirapo, mphamvu yayikulu yamafuta, komanso zolemetsa zapamwamba kwambiri (MTOW) ndi kutalika kwakutali. Ili ndi injini zamtundu wa CFM International CFM56-7, cockpit yagalasi, ndikukonzanso ndikukonzanso mkati. Mndandandawu uli ndi mitundu inayi, -600/–700/–800/–900, yokhala pakati pa okwera 108 ndi 215. Mpikisano waukulu wa 737NG ndi banja la Airbus A320.

Pofika Seputembara 2024, ndege zonse za 7,126 737NG zidalamulidwa, zomwe 7,112 zidaperekedwa, ndi malamulo otsala amitundu iwiri -700, awiri -800, ndi 10 -800A. Chosiyana cholamulidwa kwambiri chinali 737-800, chokhala ndi malonda 4,991, asilikali 191, ndi makampani 23, kapena ndege zonse za 5,205. Boeing adasiya kusonkhanitsa ma 737NGs mu 2019 ndipo adatumiza zomaliza mu Januware 2020. 737NG imalowetsedwa ndi m'badwo wachinayi 737 MAX, womwe unayambitsidwa mu 2017.

## Zolemba
Imfa mu 2024

Imfa zotsatirazi zidachitika mu 2024. Mayina amanenedwa pansi pa tsiku la imfa, motsatira zilembo. Zolemba zodziwika bwino zimafotokoza zambiri motsatizana:

Dzina, zaka, dziko lokhala nzika yobadwa, dziko lotsatira (ngati kuli kotheka), ndi mutu uti womwe udadziwika, chifukwa cha imfa (ngati chodziwika), ndi mawu ofotokozera.

## December
### 31
*Brian Freemantle, 88, Wolemba Chingerezi (*[[Charlie Muffin (novel)|Charlie Muffin]]*) ndi mtolankhani (*[[Daily Mail]]*, *[[Daily Sketch]]*)

## Zolemba
Manmohan Singh

**Manmohan Singh** (26 Seputembala 1932 - 26 Disembala 2024) anali wandale waku India, wazachuma, wazamaphunziro, komanso wolamulira, yemwe adatumikira ngati nduna yayikulu ya 13 ku India kuyambira 2004 mpaka 2014. Iye anali nduna yayikulu yachinayi yomwe idakhala nthawi yayitali pambuyo pa Jawaharlal Nehru, Indira Gandhi ndi Narendra Modi. Membala wa Indian National Congress, Singh anali nduna yoyamba ya Sikh ku India. Analinso nduna yoyamba kuyambira Nehru kusankhidwanso atamaliza zaka zisanu zonse.

## Zolemba
Della H. Raney

**Della Hayden Raney** (Januware 10, 1912 - Okutobala 23, 1987) anali namwino waku America mu Army Namwino Corps. Raney anali namwino woyamba ndi African America kuti adzagwire ntchito pa Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yapadziko Lonse komanso woyamba kusankhidwa kukhala namwino wamkulu. Mu 1944, adakhala namwino woyamba wakuda yemwe adagwirizana ndi Army Air Corps adakwezedwa kukhala kaputeni, ndipo pambuyo pake adakwezedwa kukhala wamkulu mu 1946. Raney adapuma pantchito yankhondo mu 1978.

## Zolemba
Garden at Sainte-Adresse

Bwalo la mu **Garden ku Sainte-Adresse** ndi chithunzi cha wopainta wa ku France, Claude Monet. (Mafuta pa kanvas, 98.1 ndi 129.9 sentimita (38.6 in × 51.1 in)). Chithunzichi chidasankhidwa ndi Metropolitan Museum of Art pambuyo pa kugulitsa pa Christie's mu December 1967, popeza dzina la ku France ndi La terrasse à Sainte-Adresse. Chithunzichi chidasindikizidwa pa 4th Impressionist exhibition, Paris, April 10–May 11, 1879, monga nambala 157 popeza dzina *Jardin à Sainte-Adresse*.

## Zolemba
Game Gear

**Game Gear** ndi 8-bit m'badwo wachinayi wamasewera am'manja omwe adatulutsidwa ndi Sega pa Okutobala 6, 1990 ku Japan, mu Epulo 1991 ku North America ndi Europe, komanso mu 1992 ku Australia. The Game Gear makamaka inapikisana ndi Nintendo 's Game Boy, Atari Lynx, ndi NEC 's TurboExpress . Imagawana zida zake zambiri ndi Master System, ndipo imatha kusewera masewera a Master System pogwiritsa ntchito adaputala.

## Zolemba