open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Pelé

**Edson Arantes do Nascimento** (23 Okutobala 1940 – 29 Disembala 2022), wotchedwa **Pelé**, ndi wosewera wakale waku Brazil yemwe adasewera patsogolo. Amadziwika kuti ndi m'modzi mwamasewera osewerera nthawi zonse ndipo amadziwika kuti "wamkulu kwambiri" ndi FIFA, anali m'modzi mwamasewera opambana kwambiri komanso odziwika bwino m'zaka za zana la 20. Mu 1999 adatchedwa Athlete of the Century ndi International Olympic Committee ndipo adaphatikizidwa m'ndandanda ya Nthawi ya anthu 100 ofunikira kwambiri mzaka za zana la 20. Mu 2000, Pelé adasankhidwa World Player of the Century ndi International Federation of Soccer History & Statistics (IFFHS), ndipo anali m'modzi mwa opambana awiri a FIFA Player of the Century. Zolinga zake 1,279 m'masewera 1,363, omwe amaphatikizapo masewera, amadziwika kuti ndi Guinness World Record.

Pelé adayamba kusewera Santos ali ndi zaka 15 komanso timu yadziko lonse ku Brazil ali ndi zaka 16. Pa ntchito yake yapadziko lonse lapansi, adapambana ma FIFA World Cup atatu: 1958, 1962 ndi 1970, wosewera yekhayo amene adachita izi. Pelé ndiye wotsogola kwambiri ku Brazil ndi zolinga 77 pamasewera 92. Pa mulingo wa kilabu, ndiwosankha bwino kwambiri ku Santos ndi zolinga 643 m'masewera 659. Munthawi yagolide ku Santos, adatsogolera kilabu ku 1962 ndi 1963 Copa Libertadores, komanso ku 1962 ndi 1963 Intercontinental Cup. Wodziwika kuti walumikiza mawu oti "Masewera Okongola" ndi mpira, "masewera osangalatsa a Pelé komanso okonda zolinga zowoneka bwino" adamupanga kukhala nyenyezi padziko lonse lapansi, ndipo magulu ake adayendera padziko lonse lapansi kuti agwiritse ntchito kutchuka kwake. M'masiku ake akusewera, Pelé anali wothamanga wolipira kwambiri padziko lapansi. Chiyambireni kupuma pantchito ku 1977, Pelé wakhala kazembe wapadziko lonse lapansi wa mpira ndipo wachita zambiri zachitetezo komanso zamalonda. Mu 2010, adasankhidwa kukhala Purezidenti Wolemekezeka wa New York Cosmos.

Poyerekeza pafupifupi cholinga pamasewera pantchito yake yonse, Pelé anali waluso pomenya mpira ndi phazi limodzi kuphatikiza pakuyembekezera mayendedwe a otsutsana naye kumunda. Ngakhale anali womenya, amathanso kulowa pansi ndikuchita nawo masewera ena, kuwathandiza kuwona masomphenya ake komanso kutha kupitapo, ndipo amathanso kugwiritsa ntchito luso lake loyenda kuti apitirire otsutsa. Ku Brazil, amatamandidwa ngati ngwazi yapadziko lonse lapansi pazomwe amachita bwino mu mpira komanso chifukwa chothandizira mosapita m'mbali mfundo zomwe zikuthandizira anthu osauka. Kutuluka kwake pa World Cup ya 1958 pomwe adakhala nyenyezi yoyamba yakuda yapadziko lonse lapansi idalimbikitsa. Panthawi yonse yomwe anali pantchito komanso atapuma pantchito, Pelé adalandira mphotho zingapo payekha komanso pagulu chifukwa chakuchita kwake pamunda, zomwe adachita bwino, komanso mbiri yake pamasewera.
Meng Wanzhou

**Meng Wanzhou** (Wachichaina: 孟 晚 舟; wobadwa pa 13 February 1972); yemwenso amadziwika kuti **Cathy Meng** ndi **Sabrina Meng**, yemwenso amadziwika ku China kuti "Mfumukazi ya Huawei", ndi wamkulu wabizinesi waku China yemwe ndi wachiwiri kwa wapampando wa komiti komanso wamkulu wazachuma (CFO) wa telecom giant komanso wamkulu kwambiri ku China kampani, Huawei, yokhazikitsidwa ndi abambo ake Ren Zhengfei.

Pa 1 Disembala 2018, Meng adamangidwa ku Vancouver International Airport. Pa 28 Januware 2019, Dipatimenti Yachilungamo ku U.S. Mu Ogasiti 2021, Woweruza Wamkulu Wothandizira Heather Holmes yemwe adatsogolera mlanduwu adafotokoza kukayikira kwake kuti banki ya HSBC idayikidwadi pachiwopsezo chophwanya zilango zaku US ndi Meng's PowerPoint. O Pa 24 Seputembara 2021, a department of Justice adalengeza kuti agwirizana ndi Meng ndipo achotsa pempho lawo loti abwezeretsedwe ndikuthetsa mlanduwo kudzera m'chigamulo chotsutsa. Posinthana ndi mgwirizanowu, Meng adagwirizana ndi zomwe ananena kuti wanena zabodza ku HSBC kuti zithandizire ku US, zina zomwe zimathandizira ntchito ya Huawei ku Iran yomwe idaphwanya malamulo aku US koma adaloledwa kupempha "wopanda mlandu". Dipatimenti Yachilungamo idati isunthira kuthana ndi milandu yonse yomwe Meng adzamumize nthawi yomuzengerera itatha pa 21 Disembala 2022, malinga kuti Meng sadzapezedwa ndi mlandu nthawiyo isanakwane. Meng adachoka ku Canada kupita ku China pa 24 Seputembara 2021.

## Zolemba
2021 Chisankho chaku Canada

**Chisankho cha 2021 ku Canada** chidachitika pa Seputembara 20, 2021, kuti asankhe mamembala a Nyumba Yamalamulo ku Nyumba Yamalamulo ya Canada ya 44. Zisankhozi zidaperekedwa ndi Governor-General Mary May Simon pa Ogasiti 15, 2021, pomwe Prime Minister Justin Trudeau adapempha kuti nyumba yamalamulo ichotsedwe mwachisankho mwachangu.

Ngakhale a Liberals a Trudeau akuyembekeza kupambana boma lalikulu kuti lizilamulira lokha, zotsatira zake sizinasinthe kuchokera pazisankho zaku Canada ku 2019, pomwe a Liberals nawonso adataya voti yotchuka koma adapambana mipando yambiri. A Liberals adapambana mipando yambiri pa 159; pamene izi zikuchepa mipando 170 yomwe ikufunika kwa ambiri ku Nyumba Yamalamulo, a Liberals akuyembekezeka kupanga boma laling'ono mothandizidwa ndi zipani zina. A Conservatives, motsogozedwa ndi Erin O'Toole, adasunga mipando 119 ndipo apitiliza kukhala Otsutsa Ovomerezeka. Bloc Québécois, motsogozedwa ndi Yves-François Blanchet, adapambana mipando 33. New Democratic Party, motsogozedwa ndi Jagmeet Singh, adapambana mipando 25. Gulu la Green Party lidasunga mipando iwiri koma mtsogoleri wachipani Annamie Paul adagonjetsedwa kachitatu atakwera Toronto Center komwe adakhalapo wachinayi; chipanichi chidataya ovota onse ndipo kuchuluka kwake kwa mavoti otchuka ndi mavoti 394,000 mdziko lonse ndi gawo la mavoti 2.3%. People's Party sinapambane mipando, monga mtsogoleri wachipanichi a Maxime Bernier adagonjetsedwa kachiwiri atakwera Beauce; komabe, adalandira mavoti opitilira 842,000 mdziko lonse, kapena ochepera 5% yamavoti.

## Zotsatira

### Zotsatira zachidule
Elections Canada September 21, 2021, federal election results

## Zotsatira za Vote ya Ophunzira ku Canada

Mavoti a ophunzira ndi zisankho zonyoza, zomwe zikufanana ndi zisankho zenizeni, pomwe ophunzira omwe sanakwanitse zaka zakovota amatenga nawo mbali. Zisankho zovotera za ophunzira zimayendetsedwa ndi Student Vote Canada, ndipo zimachitika chifukwa cha maphunziro ndipo simuwerengera zotsatira zake. Onse awiri a Lanark — Frontenac — Kingston ndi Ville-Marie — Le Sud-Ouest — Île-des-Sœurs amamangidwa, zomwe zapangitsa kuti okwera 336 mwa 338 okha alengezedwe

## Zolemba
2021 Chisankho chaku Germany

**Chisankho cha 2021 ku Germany** chidachitika pa 26 Seputembara 2021 kuti asankhe mamembala a 20th Bundestag. Tsiku lomwelo, zisankho zamaboma ku Berlin ndi Mecklenburg-Vorpommern zidachitikanso. Chancellor yemwe ali paudindo Angela Merkel adasankha kuti asadzayimirenso pachisankhochi, ndikuwonetsa nthawi yoyamba m'mbiri yankhondo kuti Chancellor yemwe sanakhalepo sanasankhidwenso.

Ndi mavoti 25.7%, Social Democratic Party yaku Germany (SPD) idalemba zotsatira zake zabwino kuyambira 2013 ndipo idakhala chipani chachikulu koyamba kuyambira 2002. Chipani cholamula cha CDU / CSU, chomwe chidatsogolera mgwirizano waukulu ndi SPD kuyambira 2013, adalemba zotsatira zawo zoyipitsitsa ndi 24.1%, kutsika kwakukulu kuchokera ku 32.9% mu 2017. Alliance 90 / The Greens adakwanitsa kuchita bwino kwambiri m'mbiri ya 14.8%, pomwe Free Democratic Party (FDP) idapeza zochepa ndikumaliza pa 11.5%. The Alternative for Germany (AfD) idagwa kuchoka malo achitatu mpaka achisanu ndi 10.3%, kutsika kwa 2.3 peresenti. Kumanzere adakumana ndi ziwonetsero zoyipitsitsa kuyambira pomwe adakhazikitsidwa ku 2007, polephera kuwoloka 5% ya zisankho kupitilira gawo limodzi mwa magawo khumi a gawo. Chipanichi chidali ndi ufulu wokhala ndi ziwopsezo zonse popeza chidapambana zigawo zitatu zachindunji.

Ndi zokambirana zovuta zamgwirizano zofunika kukhazikitsa boma, FDP ndi a Greens amaonedwa kuti ndiamfumu, ndipo mgwirizano wamipani itatu womwe sunachitikepo wakambidwa ngati zotheka.

## Zotsatira

  Source: Bundeswahlleiter

### Results by state

Source: Bundeswahlleiter

## Zolemba

## Zakunja

* Official website (English version)
Seventh-day Adventist

**Mpingo wa Seventh-day Adventist** ndi chipembedzo chachiprotestanti chachikhristu chomwe chimadziwika ndi kusunga kwawo Loweruka, tsiku lachisanu ndi chiwiri la sabata m'makalendala achikhristu ndi achiyuda, monga Sabata, ndikugogomezera kubwera Kwachiwiri kwa Yesu Khristu. . Chipembedzocho chinachokera ku gulu la a Millerite ku United States mkatikati mwa zaka za zana la 19 ndipo adakhazikitsidwa mwalamulo mu 1863. Mmodzi mwa omwe adayambitsa nawo anali Ellen G. White, yemwe zolemba zake zimapatsidwabe ulemu ndi tchalitchi. Ziphunzitso zambiri za Mpingo wa Seventh-day Adventist zimagwirizana ndi ziphunzitso zachikhristu zofananira, monga Utatu ndi kusalakwitsa kwa Lemba. Ziphunzitso zosiyana za pambuyo pa chisautso zimaphatikizapo kusadziwa kanthu za akufa ndi chiphunzitso chachiweruzo chofufuza. Tchalitchichi chimadziwika chifukwa chotsimikiza pazakudya ndi thanzi, kuphatikiza kutsatira malamulo azakudya za Kosher, kulimbikitsa zamasamba, komanso kumvetsetsa kwathunthu za munthuyo. Amadziwikanso chimodzimodzi polimbikitsa ufulu wachipembedzo, komanso mfundo zake zodziletsa komanso moyo wawo.

Mpingo wapadziko lonse lapansi ukuwongoleredwa ndi General Conference of Seventh-day Adventists, okhala ndi zigawo zing'onozing'ono zoyendetsedwa ndi magawano, misonkhano yamgwirizanowu, ndi misonkhano yakumaloko. Mpingo wa Seventh-day Adventist pakadali pano ndi "umodzi mwamipingo yomwe ikukula mwachangu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi", wokhala ndi mamembala opitilira 21 miliyoni padziko lonse lapansi, ndi omvera 25 miliyoni. Kuyambira Meyi 2007, linali bungwe lachipembedzo chachisanu ndi chiwiri padziko lonse lapansi komanso bungwe lachisanu ndi chimodzi lalikulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Ndi amitundu komanso azikhalidwe zosiyanasiyana, ndipo amasungabe amishonale m'maiko oposa 215. Tchalitchichi chimagwira masukulu opitilira 7,500 kuphatikiza mabungwe opitilira 100 a sekondale, zipatala zambiri, ndi nyumba zosindikizira padziko lonse lapansi, komanso bungwe lothandizira lotchedwa Adventist Development and Relief Agency (ADRA).
## Zolemba
Michael Spavor

**Michael Peter Todd Spavor** (wobadwa 1976) ndi mlangizi waku Canada yemwe wagwira ntchito kwambiri ku North Korea. Ndiwowongolera komanso membala woyambitsa Paektu Cultural Exchange, bungwe la NGO lomwe limathandizira kusinthana kwamasewera, zikhalidwe, zokopa alendo komanso bizinesi yokhudza North Korea.

Mu Disembala 2018, pomwe amakhala ndikugwira ntchito ku Dandong mbali yaku China kumalire a China-North Korea, Spavor adamangidwa, limodzi ndi a Michael Kovrig, ndi akuluakulu aku China. Kumangidwa kumeneku kunatanthauziridwa kuti ndikubwezera chifukwa chomanga Canada ku Canada Meng Wanzhou. Pa Ogasiti 10, 2021, Spavor adaweruzidwa kuti akhale m'ndende zaka 11 chifukwa chazondi. Pa Seputembara 24, 2021, Spavor adamasulidwa atachotsa pempho la Meng Wanzhou loti abwezeretsedwe ngati gawo limodzi la mgwirizano wake wotsutsa ndi Dipatimenti Yachilungamo yaku U.S. 

## Zolemba
Expo 2020

**Expo 2020** (Chiarabu: إكسبو 2020) ndi World Expo, yomwe pano ikusungidwa ndi Dubai ku United Arab Emirates kuyambira 1 Okutobala 2021 mpaka 31 Marichi 2022. Poyambirira idakonzekera 20 Okutobala 2020 mpaka 10 Epulo 2021, idasinthidwa chifukwa cha COVID -19 mliri. Ngakhale anasinthidwa, okonzawo adasungabe dzina loti Expo 2020 pofuna kutsatsa ndi kutsatsa. Ndi nthawi yoyamba kuti Chiwonetsero cha Padziko Lonse chisinthidwe tsiku lina m'malo mochotsedwa. Msonkhano waukulu wa Bureau International des Expositions (BIE) ku Paris wotchedwa Dubai ndi omwe azichita nawo 27 Novembala 2013.

## Zolemba
United Arab Emirates

**United Arab Emirates** (UAE; Chiarabu: الإمارات العربية المتحدة al-ʾImārāt al-ʿArabīyah al-Muttaḥidah) kapena **Emirates** (Chiarabu: الإمارات al-ʾImārāt) nthawi zina imanenedwa kuti **Arab Emirates** mwamwayi, ndi dziko ku Western Asia komwe kuli kumapeto chakum'mawa kwa Arabia Peninsula. Imadutsa Oman ndi Saudi Arabia, ndipo ili ndi malire apanyanja ku Persian Gulf ndi Qatar ndi Iran.

UAE ndi mafumu osankhidwa opangidwa kuchokera ku federation ya ma emirates asanu ndi awiri, wopangidwa ndi Abu Dhabi (womwe umagwira ntchito ngati likulu), Ajman, Dubai, Fujairah, Ras Al Khaimah, Sharjah ndi Umm Al Quwain. Emirate aliyense amayang'aniridwa ndi Sheikh ndipo, onse, amapanga Federal Supreme Council; m'modzi wa iwo ndi Purezidenti wa United Arab Emirates. Mu 2013, chiwerengero cha UAE chinali 9.2 miliyoni, pomwe 1.4 miliyoni anali nzika za Emirati ndipo 7.8 miliyoni anali ochokera kunja; chiyerekezo cha anthu mu 2020 chinali 9.89 miliyoni.

Chisilamu ndichachipembedzo chovomerezeka ndipo Chiarabu ndicho chilankhulo chovomerezeka. Malo osungira mafuta ndi gasi a UAE ndi achisanu ndi chimodzi komanso chachisanu ndi chiwiri kukula padziko lonse lapansi. A Zared bin Sultan Al Nahyan, wolamulira wa Abu Dhabi ndi purezidenti woyamba mdzikolo, amayang'anira chitukuko cha Emirates pobzala ndalama zamafuta muzachipatala, maphunziro, ndi zomangamanga. Chuma cha UAE ndichosiyana kwambiri pakati pa mamembala onse a Gulf Cooperation Council, pomwe mzinda wokhala ndi anthu ambiri, Dubai, ndi mzinda wapadziko lonse lapansi. Dzikoli layamba kudalira mafuta ndi gasi, ndipo likuyang'ana kwambiri za ntchito zokopa alendo komanso bizinesi. Boma la UAE silikhoma msonkho wa ndalama, ngakhale pali msonkho wamakampani m'malo mwake ndipo msonkho wowonjezera 5% udakhazikitsidwa mu 2018.

UAE imadziwika kuti ndi dera komanso mphamvu yapakati. UAE ndi membala wa United Nations, Arab League, Organisation of Islamic Cooperation, OPEC, Non-Aligned Movement, ndi Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC). UAE imafotokozedwa kuti ndi boma lokhazika mtima pansi. Malinga ndi mabungwe omenyera ufulu wachibadwidwe, pali kuphwanyidwa kwadongosolo laumunthu, kuphatikiza kuzunzidwa ndikukakamizidwa kuzimitsidwa kwa otsutsa aboma.
## Zolemba
Mamady Doumbouya

**Mamady Doumbouya** (N'Ko: ߡߊ߬ߡߊߘߌ߫ ߘߎ߲ߓߎߦߊ߫) ndi msitikali wankhondo waku Guinea yemwe adatsogolera boma la 2021 ku Guinea. Ndi membala wa Special Forces Group komanso wakale wa gulu lankhondo laku France. Patsiku la kuyesayesa kulanda boma, a Doumbouya adulutsa wailesi yakanema yaboma kulengeza kuti gulu lawo lasokoneza boma komanso malamulo. Pa 1 Okutobala 2021, a Doumbouya adalumbira ngati purezidenti wanthawi yayitali.

## Zolemba
Karan Armstrong

**Karan Armstrong** (Disembala 14, 1941 - Seputembara 28, 2021) anali American opatic soprano, yemwe adakondwerera ngati woimba zisudzo. Atapambana Metropolitan Opera National Council Auditions mu 1966, adapatsidwa maudindo ang'onoang'ono ku Metropolitan Opera, ndipo adawoneka akutsogolera ku New York City Opera kuyambira 1969, kuphatikiza Conceptión ku Ravel's L'heure espagnol, Blonde ku Die Entführung aus ya Mozart dem Serail, ndi maudindo apamwamba ku Verdi's La traviata, Offenbach's La belle Hélène ndi La fanciulla del West ya Puccini. Atasewera ku Europe kuyambira 1974, woyamba ngati Micaëla ku Bizet's Carmen, kenako ngati Salome wosangalatsa ku Opéra du Rhin, adakhala ndi mwayi wopanga nawo nyumba zazikulu za opera, akuwoneka m'makanema angapo a opera ndi makanema. Armstrong anali wotsogola kwazaka zambiri ku Deutsche Oper Berlin, komwe amuna awo a Götz Friedrich anali director. Adawonekera koyamba padziko lonse lapansi, kuphatikiza a Jesu Hochzeit a Gottfried von Einem, a Uni a Luciano Berio ku ascolto ndi a Der Meister und Margarita aku York Höller. Anapatsidwa dzina la Kammersängerin kawiri.

## Mndandanda wa discography
* Wagner: *Lohengrin* (Hofmann; Nelsson, 1982) [live] CBS 
* Menotti: Songs (Francesch, 1983) Etcetera 
* Berio: *Un re in ascolto* (Adam; Maazel, 1984) [live] col legno	
* Henze: *The Bassarids* (Riegel; Albrecht, 1986) koch schwann 
* Landowski: *Montségur* (G.Quilico; Plasson, 1987) [live] Cybelia 
* Zemlinsky: *Lyric Symphony* (Kusnjer; Gregor, 1987–88) Supraphon 
* Höller: *Traumspiel* (Zagrosek, 1989) WERGO	

## Mndandanda wa Makanema
* Verdi: *Falstaff* (Bacquier, Stilwell; Solti, Friedrich, 1978–79) Deutsche Grammophon 
* Wagner: *Lohengrin* (Hofmann; Nelsson, Friedrich, 1982) [live] EuroArts	
* Korngold: *Die tote Stadt* (King; Hollreiser, Friedrich, 1983) [live] Arthaus Musik	
* "Richard-Wagner-Abend" [includes *[[Wesendonck Lieder|Wesendonck-Lieder]]* and *Isoldes Liebestod*] (Adam; Masur, 1988) [live] Kultur , 

## Zolemba
Charles Grier Sellers

**Charles Grier Sellers Jr**. (Seputembara 9, 1923 - Seputembara 23, 2021) anali wolemba mbiri waku America. Ogulitsa anali odziwika kwambiri chifukwa cha buku lake The Market Revolution: Jacksonian America, 1815-1846, lomwe limapereka tanthauzo latsopano pazochitika zachuma, zachikhalidwe, komanso zandale zomwe zikuchitika nthawi ya Market Revolution yaku United States. Ogulitsa anabadwira ku Charlotte, North Carolina, pa Seputembara 9, 1923. Amayi ake, Cora Irene (Templeton), ankagwira ntchito pagulu lampingo; abambo ake, a Charles Grier Sellers, anali wamkulu ku Standard Oil ndipo adachokera ku banja la "alimi awiri". Ogulitsa anali birder wokonda kwambiri; mu 1937, ali ndi zaka 14 adakhazikitsa Mecklenburg Audubon Club ndi Elizabeth Clarkson ndi Beatrice Potter, omwe pambuyo pake adadzakhala Mecklenburg Audubon Society. Adalandira Bachelor of Arts kuchokera ku Harvard College ku 1945, komwe amakhala ku Grays Hall mchaka chake chatsopano. Kumaliza maphunziro ake kunachedwa mpaka 1947 atatumizidwa mu 85th Infantry Regiment ya 10th Mountain Division (asitikali ankhondo) a US Army. Anagwira ntchito yankhondo kuyambira 1943 mpaka 1945 ndipo adakwanitsa kukhala sergeant wantchito. Analandira Doctor of Philosophy wake ku University of North Carolina ku Chapel Hill ku 1950.
Waka Nathan

**Waka Joseph Nathan** (8 Julayi 1940 - 24 Seputembara 2021) anali wosewera wa rugby ku New Zealand yemwe adasewera mgwirizano wa rugby ku timu ya dziko la New Zealand ("All Blacks") ngati wosewera. Zomwe amachita pamunda zidamupatsa dzina loti "The Black Panther". Nathan adabadwira ku Auckland pa 8 Julayi 1940. Anali m'modzi mwa ana asanu ndi anayi a Samuel Taia Nathan ndi Irene Huakore (née Randall). Anaphunzira Mangere Central Primary School ndi Otahuhu College. Whakapapa wa Nathan adaphatikizapo Ngāpuhi, Te Roroa ndi Waikato Tainui.

Nathan adayamba kusewera rugby ali mwana ku sukulu yake yasekondale komanso kusekondale. Adasewera machesi odziwika bwino motsutsana ndi Seddon Memorial technical College panthawi yokonza zotchinga pamasewera a Test a 1956 pakati pa New Zealand ndi Australia ku Eden Park, limodzi ndi mnzake Mack Herewini. Otahuhu College idapambananso mpikisano wa Auckland Schoolboys chaka chotsatira. Nathan anapitiliza kusewera Otahuhu Rugby Club.
Sabam Sirait

**Sabam Gunung Panangian Sirait** (13 Okutobala 1936 - 29 Seputembara 2021) anali wandale wamkulu waku Indonesia. Anali membala wa DPD RI kuyambira 15 Januware 2018 mpaka kumwalira kwawo pa 29 Seputembara 2021. Sabam ndiye bambo wa Nyumba Yamalamulo yaku Indonesia komanso membala wa PDIP Maruarar Sirait.

## Moyo wakuubwana
Sabam Sirait adabadwa pa 13 Okutobala 1936, ku Tanjungbalai, komwe tsopano ndi North Sumatra, mwana wamwamuna wa Unduna wa Zantchito Frederick Hendra Sirait komanso wogulitsa mpunga Julia Sibuea. Abambo ake pambuyo pake adzakhala m'modzi mwa omwe adayambitsa Indonesian Christian Party (Parkindo).

## Banja
Sabam Sirait adakwatirana ndi Sondang Sidabutar, dokotala waku University of North Sumatra, pa 25 Marichi 1969. Patsiku lokumbukira zaka 50 atakwatirana ku Kartini Hall, Jakarta, Sabam adatulutsa buku lotchedwa Berpolitik Bersama 7 Presiden (Politics with Presidents Asanu ndi awiri). Mwambo wokumbukira ukwatiwu udachitika ndi anthu ofunikira, monga Spika wa DPR Bambang Soesatyo, Minister of Law and Human Rights Yasonna Laoly, ndi Spika wa DPR Prasetyo Edi Marsudi wa Jakarta.

## Imfa
Sabam adamwalira ku Siloam Hospital, Tangerang, pa 29 Seputembara 2021 ali ndi zaka 84, kutatsala milungu iwiri kuti akwaniritse zaka 85. Zomwe zimamupha sizikudziwika pakadali pano.

## Zolemba
Fumio Kishida

**Fumio Kishida** (岸 田 文 雄, Kishida Fumio, wobadwa pa 29 Julayi 1957) ndi wandale waku Japan yemwe amatumikira monga Prime Minister waku Japan. Adatsogolela Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) kuyambira 29 Seputembara 2021. Membala wa Nyumba Yamalamulo, adagwirapo kale ngati Minister of Foreign Affairs kuyambira 2012 mpaka 2017 ndipo ngati Minister of Defense ku 2017 adatsogolela LDP. Policy Research Council kuyambira 2017 mpaka 2020. Adapambana chisankho cha 2021 LDP ndi 60.2% ya mavoti omwe adachitika motsutsana ndi Taro Kono, ndipo adalowa m'malo mwa mtsogoleri wachipani wakale Yoshihide Suga kukhala Prime Minister waku Japan pa 4 Okutobala 2021.

## Zolemba
Sisay Lemma

**Sisay Lemma Kasaye** (wobadwa pa 12 Disembala 1990) ndiothamanga waku Ethiopia wautali.

## Ntchito
Lemma adayamba ntchito yake ali ndi zaka 17 ndipo adayamba mpikisano wopanda nsapato chifukwa chosowa nsapato.

Mu 2012, adapambana Maratona d'Italia. Mu 2013, anali wachisanu mu Tiberias Marathon, adapambana Orlen Warsaw Marathon ndipo adamaliza wachinayi pa Eindhoven Marathon.

Mu 2015, anali wachisanu ku Dubai Marathon mu Januware mu 2:07:06, adapambana Vienna City Marathon mu Epulo mu 2:07:31 komanso Frankfurt Marathon mu Okutobala pomwe adachita 2:06:26 .

Mu 2016 adachita bwino kwambiri mpaka 2:05:16 ku Dubai Marathon komwe adamaliza wachinayi.

Mu 2017 adakhala wachitatu ku Dubai Marathon mu Januware komanso wachinayi ku Chicago Marathon mu Okutobala koma sanamalize Boston Marathon mu Epulo.

Mu 2018 adayamba nyengo ndi kumaliza malo achisanu ku Dubai Marathon pa 26 Januware ndi 2:04:08. Mu Okutobala, adaphwanya mbiri ya Ljubljana Marathon ndi nthawi ya 2:04:58.

Anamaliza wachitatu pa 2019 Berlin Marathon, ndikuwongolera bwino kwambiri mpaka 2:03:36.

Mu 2020, adamaliza lachitatu ku Tokyo Marathon pa 1 Marichi nthawi ya 2:04:51.

Pa 2020 London Marathon, adamaliza m'malo achitatu ndi nthawi ya 2.05: 45.

Lemma adapambana 2021 London Marathon, munthawi ya 2.04.01.
Joyciline Jepkosgei

**Joyciline Jepkosgei** (wobadwa pa 8 Disembala 1993) ndi mkazi wa ku Kenya wothamanga mtunda wautali yemwe amapikisana nawo mtunda wautali kuchokera ku 10,000 mita mpaka marathon. Ndiwosunga rekodi-marathon yapadziko lonse lapansi pamipikisano ndi amuna ndi akazi omwe ali ndi mphindi 64:51, komanso wolemba rekodi mu 10 km yokhala ndi mphindi 29:43. Anali mendulo ya mkuwa yopitilira 10,000 m ku African Championships in Athletics mu 2016. Jepkosgei adalemba mbiri yapadziko lonse ya theka la marathon pa 1:04:52 pa Sportisimo Prague Half Marathon mu Epulo 2017, kukhala mayi woyamba kuphwanya Mphindi 65. Anaphwanyiranso zosavomerezeka zolemba za IAAF za 10 km, 15 km ndi 20 km panjira, ndikuphwanya zolemba zinayi zapadziko lonse lapansi kamodzi. Anakhalanso Kenya woyamba kuphwanya zolemba zisanu ndi chimodzi zapadziko lonse miyezi isanu ndi umodzi.

## Zabwino zanu
Mamita 5000 (njanji yakunja) - 15: 40.0 (2016)

Makilomita 5 (msewu) - 14:53 (2017)

Mamita 10,000 (njanji) - 31: 28.28 (2016)

Makilomita 10 (msewu) - 29:43 (2017) WR

Makilomita 15 (msewu) - 45:37 (2017)

Makilomita 20 (msewu) - 1:01:25 (2017) WR

Theka marathon - 1:04:51 (2017)

## Zolemba
Lonnie Smith

**Lonnie Smith** (Julayi 3, 1942 - Seputembara 28, 2021), wotchedwa **Dr. Lonnie Smith**, anali wolemba jazz waku America Hammond B3 yemwe anali membala wa quartet ya George Benson mzaka za 1960. Adalemba ma albino ndi Louxson wa saxophonist wa Blue Note asanasainidwe ngati solo. Iye anali ndi dzina laulendowu. Smith anabadwira ku Lackawanna, New York, pa Julayi 3, 1942.  Adaleredwa ndi amayi ake ndi abambo ake omupeza, ndipo banja linali ndi pulogalamu yamawu komanso wayilesi. Ananenanso kuti amayi ake amamukhudza kwambiri pakumuyimba, popeza adamuphunzitsa za nyimbo za gospel, classical, ndi jazz.

## Zolemba
Grey Gowrie

**Alexander Patrick Greysteil Hore-Ruthven, 2nd Earl wa Gowrie**, PC, FRSL (26 Novembala 1939 - 24 Seputembara 2021), wodziwika kuti **Grey Gowrie**, anali wobadwira ku Ireland wobadwira ku Britain, wandale komanso wabizinesi. Lord Gowrie analinso cholowa cha Clan Chief wa Clan Ruthven ku Scotland. Adaphunzira ku Eton ndi Oxford, ndipo adakhala m'malo ophunzirira kwakanthawi, ku US ndi London, kuphatikiza nthawi yogwira ntchito ndi wolemba ndakatulo Robert Lowell ndi ku Harvard.

Gowrie anali wandale wa Conservative Party kwazaka zingapo, kuphatikiza nthawi ina ku Britain Cabinet. Anali ndiudindo m'malo a ntchito ku Northern Ireland, komanso anali Minister of State for the Arts, komanso Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster, yemwe anali ndiudindo wakusintha kwa Civil Service. Adapititsa patsogolo ntchito kwa Secretary of State, wokhala ndiudindo wa maphunziro ku UK, adakana, zomwe zidadzetsa manyazi pomwe adati malipiro a $ 33,000 sanali okwanira kukhala ku London, ngakhale anali owerengeka katatu pamalipiro mumzinda. M'mbuyomu wogulitsa zaluso, adasamukira ku Sotheby kuti amalandire ndalama pafupifupi $ 150,000, amatsogolera mbali zamabizinesi ogulitsa zaluso. Pambuyo pake adatsogolera Arts Council of England (1994-1998).

Adasindikiza ma ndakatulo angapo, ndikutulutsa kotulutsidwa komwe kudatulutsidwa mu 2014, komanso voliyumu ya ojambula Derek Hill; analinso wolemba polemba buku laku Britain. Adamwalira kunyumba kwawo ku Llanfechain, Powys, Wales, mu Seputembara 2021, atadwala kwa nthawi yayitali.

## Zolemba
2021 London Marathon

**London Marathon ya 2021** inali kuthamanga kwa 41 kwa Marathon yapachaka ku London pa 3 Okutobala 2021. Chifukwa cha mliri wa COVID-19, mpikisanowu udasinthidwa kuyambira Epulo mpaka Okutobala kuti uwonjezere mwayi woti achitepo kanthu pagulu.

Zochitika zapamwamba zidapambanidwa ndi Sisay Lemma waku Ethiopia ndi Joyciline Jepkosgei waku Kenya, pa 2:04:01 ndi 2:17:43, motsatana. Mipikisano ya olumala idapambanidwa ndi Marcel Hug ndi Manuela Schär, onse aku Switzerland, mu 1:26:27 ndi 1:39:52, motsatana. Onse awiri Hug ndi Schär adalemba zolemba zawo, pomwe Hug adaswa zikalata za Australia za Kurt Fearnley za 1:28:57 zomwe zidakhazikitsidwa mu 2009, ndipo Schär adalemba mbiri yake ya 1:39:57 yomwe idakhazikitsidwa mu 2017.

Chifukwa cha mliri wa COVID-19, mpikisanowu udasinthidwa kuyambira Epulo mpaka Okutobala kuti uwonjezere mwayi woti achitepo kanthu pagulu. Mpikisano udathamangitsidwa pa 3 Okutobala, ndipo udali wachiwiri mwa asanu Marathon Majors omwe adachitika mu 2021; zochitika zonse zaziwonetsero zikuchitika kwa milungu isanu ndi umodzi kuyambira kumapeto kwa Seputembala mpaka koyambirira kwa Novembala. Ochita nawo mpikisano onse osankhika amayenera kutenga mayeso a COVID PCR pafupipafupi, pomwe iwo omwe akutenga nawo mbali pamsonkhano amayenera kupereka chitsimikizo cha mayeso oyenda pambuyo pake. Osewera othamanga ku Africa adapita nawo pamwambowu pa ndege zapaulendo kuti achepetse chiopsezo cha COVID-19.

Mphoto ya omwe adapambana pampikisano wapamwamba inali $ 55,000, pomwe ndalama zonse zimaperekedwa $ 313,000.

## Zolemba
2021 Kutuluka kwa Facebook

Pa 15:39 UTC pa Okutobala 4, 2021, malo ochezera a ku America a Facebook ndi othandizira ake, kuphatikiza Messenger, Instagram, WhatsApp, Mapillary, ndi Oculus, adapezeka padziko lonse lapansi kwa maola opitilira asanu ndi awiri. Mapulogalamuwa atawonongeka, ogwiritsa ntchito adayamba kusamukira ku Twitter, Discord, ndi Telegraph, zomwe zidapangitsa kusokonezeka kwa ma seva a mapulogalamuwa. Kuzimaku kunayambitsidwa chifukwa cha kutayika kwa njira za IP kupita kuma seva a Facebook Domain Name (DNS), omwe onse anali odziyang'anira pawokha panthawiyo. Njira zapa Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) zidabwezeretsedwanso pazinthu zoyambira pafupifupi 20:50, ndipo ntchito za DNS zidayamba kupezeka nthawi ya 21:05 UTC, koma ntchito zosanjikiza zidabwezeredwa pang'onopang'ono pa Facebook, Instagram, ndi WhatsApp zambiri kuposa ola limodzi pambuyo pake, atatha kupitirira maola asanu ndi awiri.

## Zoyambitsa
Akatswiri azachitetezo adazindikira kuti vutoli lidachotsedwa ngati Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) yochotsa ma adilesi a IP pomwe ma Domain Name Domain adasungidwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ogwiritsa ntchito asamavutike kuthana ndi maina a Facebook ndi maina ena, ndikufikira ntchito. Zotsatira zake zidawonekera padziko lonse lapansi, mwachitsanzo wopereka chithandizo ku Internet ku Switzerland Init7 adalemba kutsika kwakukulu kwa intaneti pamasamba a Facebook pambuyo pa kusintha kwa Border Gateway Protocol.

Kentik ndi Cloudflare adanenanso kuti nthawi ya 15:39 UTC Facebook idapanga zosintha zingapo za BGP, kuphatikiza njira zopita kuzinthu zoyambirira za IP zomwe zimaphatikizira mayina awo onse ovomerezeka. Izi zidapangitsa kuti ma seva a Facebook a DNS asapezeke pa intaneti. Pofika 15:50 UTC, madera a Facebook anali atatha nthawi yayitali kuchokera pazosunga anthu onse. Kutatsala pang'ono kuti 21:00 UTC ipite, Facebook idayambiranso kulengeza zosintha za BGP, pomwe dzina la Facebook lidayambiranso pa 21:05 UTC.

Pafupifupi 22:45 UTC, Facebook ndi ntchito zokhudzana nazo zimapezeka nthawi zambiri.

## Yankho
Chief Technology Officer wa Facebook a Mike Schroepfer adalemba kupepesa patatha nthawi yopumula mpaka maola angapo, akunena kuti, "Matimu akugwira ntchito mwachangu momwe angathetsere ndikubwezeretsa mwachangu momwe angathere."

Woimira ku America a Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez adatumiza mawu pa tsambali, ndikupempha anthu kuti agawane "nkhani zofotokoza" pa Twitter, akunyoza mbiri ya Facebook pofalitsa zomwe zili zokayikitsa. Twitter ndi Reddit adayikiranso ma tweets pamaakaunti awo a Twitter omwe amanyoza kutuluka.

Ogwiritsa ntchito onse a Twitter ndi Telegalamu adanenanso zakuchedwa munthawi zoyankha, zomwe zimakhulupirira kuti zimayambitsidwa ndi anthu nthawi zambiri pa Facebook omwe amasinthana nawo.

## Zolemba
Chisankho cha utsogoleri wa 2021 Liberal Democratic Party (Japan)

**Chisankho cha 2021 Liberal Democratic Party** chidachitika pa 29 Seputembara 2021 kuti asankhe Purezidenti wotsatira wa Liberal Democratic Party yaku Japan. Wopambana pachisankho akuyembekezeka kukhala Prime Minister wotsatira waku Japan, ndipo azitsogolera chipanichi pazisankho zikubwera ku 2021 ku Japan.

Purezidenti wa chipanichi komanso Prime Minister Yoshihide Suga adalengeza pa 3 Seputembala kuti sadzayimilanso zisankho, ngakhale kuvomerezedwa kocheperako komanso malipoti atolankhani zakusagwirizana mchipanichi. Suga adasankhidwa kukhala Purezidenti wa LDP mu 2020 kuti atumikire ena onse a Prime Minister wakale Shinzo Abe atasiya ntchito mu Ogasiti 2020 chifukwa chazovuta.

Nduna yakale ya Zachilendo Fumio Kishida adapambana zisankho pamphindi wachiwiri, kugonjetsa wotsutsana naye Taro Kono, Minister wogwirizira pa Administrative Reform and Regulatory Reform. Kupambana kwa Kishida kudachitika chifukwa chothandizidwa mwamphamvu pakati pa mamembala a LDP Zakudya, pomwe Kono adatsogolera zisankho zisanachitike zisankho ndikupambana mavoti ambiri kuchokera kwa mamembala achipani omwe amalipira. Kishida akuyembekezeredwa kutsimikiziridwa ndi Zakudya ngati Prime Minister wa 100 waku Japan pa 4 Okutobala 2021.

## Zolemba
Wernher von Braun

**Wernher Magnus Maximilian Freiherr von Braun** (23 Marichi 1912-16 June 1977) anali injiniya komanso wasayansi waku Germany. Adagwira ngati roketi wopanga pakati pa 1930s ndi 1970s. Anthu ena amati anali injiniya wofunikira kwambiri wa rocket m'zaka za zana la 20. Ankagwirira ntchito a Nazi munkhondo yachiwiri yapadziko lonse. Pambuyo pa nkhondo yachiwiri yapadziko lonse, adapita ku United States. Kumeneko, adagwira ntchito ku NASA. Mu 1955, zaka khumi atalowa mdzikolo, von Braun adakhala nzika yaku US.

Anali m'modzi mwa omwe amapanga rocket ya V-2, roketi yoyamba kuwuluka mpaka kuthambo. Adapanganso roketi ya Saturn V, yomwe idatengera anthu kumwezi mu 1969.

## Moyo wakuubwana
Von Braun adabadwira ku Wirsitz (lero: Wyrzysk) ku Poland pa 23 Marichi 1912. Abambo ake anali wamkulu wa banki yofunikira. Munthawi ya Republic of Weimar, abambo ake anali nduna ya chakudya ndi ulimi, a Magnus Freiherr von Braun. Amayi a Von Braun anali a Emmy von Quistorp, mwana wamkazi wa membala wa Prussian House of Lords.

Mu 1920, adasamukira ku Berlin. M'zaka zoyambira sukulu, von Braun adapita kusukulu yasekondale yaku France ku Berlin. Ali ndi zaka 13, adapeza telescope. Mphatso iyi idadzutsa chidwi chake pa zakuthambo. Chifukwa cha zipsera zoyipa, von Braun adayenera kupita kusukulu ya boarding kufupi ndi Weimar, mu 1925. Adagula ndi ndalama zake zowonjezera buku la Die Rakete zu den Planetenräumen (Chingerezi: The Rocket into Interplanetary Space) lolembedwa ndi Hermann Oberth, womwe ndi maziko a kafukufuku wamakono wa rocket. Mu 1928, adapita kusukulu ya boarding yotchedwa Hermann-Lietz-Internat pachilumba cha Spiekeroog ku Germany. Mu 1930, adakhoza mayeso ake omaliza.

Anayamba kuphunzira ku Technical University of Berlin mchilimwe cha 1930. Von Braun adaphunziranso ku ETH Zurich, mu 1931. Kumapeto kwa Seputembara 1931, adabwerera ku Berlin.

## Zolemba
Abdulrazak Gurnah

**Abdulrazak Gurnah FRSL** (wobadwa pa 20 Disembala 1948) ndi wolemba komanso wophunzira yemwe amakhala ku United Kingdom. Adabadwira ku Sultanate waku Zanzibar ndipo adapita ku United Kingdom ngati wothawa kwawo mzaka za 1960 nthawi ya Revolution ya Zanzibar. Mabuku ake ndi monga Paradise (1994), yemwe adasankhidwa kukhala Booker komanso Mphoto ya Whitbread; Kuthawa (2005); and By the Sea (2001), yomwe idasankhidwa kukhala Booker ndipo idasankhidwa kukhala Mphotho ya Los Angeles Times Book. Gurnah adapatsidwa mphotho ya Nobel mu Literature mu 2021 "chifukwa chololera mosasunthika komanso mwachifundo pazotsatira za atsamunda komanso zomwe zidachitika kwa othawa kwawo kudera pakati pazikhalidwe ndi makontinenti".

## Moyo woyambirira komanso ntchito
Abdulrazak Gurnah adabadwa pa 20 Disembala 1948 ku Sultanate of Zanzibar, komwe tsopano ndi gawo la Tanzania yamakono. Anachoka pachilumbachi ali ndi zaka 18 kutsatira kulanda kwa olamulira achiarabu olamulira mu Revolution ya Zanzibar, atafika ku England mu 1968 ngati wothawa kwawo. A Gurnah adanenedwa kuti, "Ndidabwera ku England pomwe mawu awa, monga ofunafuna chitetezo, sanali ofanana - anthu ambiri akuvutika ndikuthawa mayiko achigawenga."

Poyamba adaphunzira ku Christ Church College, ku Canterbury, omwe madigiri awo anali panthawi yomwe amapatsidwa ndi University of London. Kenako adasamukira ku Yunivesite ya Kent, komwe adapeza PhD yake, ndi mutu wazolemba wotchedwa Criteria in the Criticism of West African Fiction, mu 1982. Kuyambira 1980 mpaka 1983, Gurnah adakambirana ku Bayero University Kano ku Nigeria. Anali pulofesa ku dipatimenti ya Chingerezi ya University of Kent mpaka atapuma pantchito.

Gurnah adasindikiza magawo awiri a Essays on African Writing ndipo adafalitsa zolemba za olemba angapo amakono omwe adalemba pambuyo pa ukoloni, kuphatikiza V. Naipaul, Salman Rushdie ndi Zoë Wicomb. Ndiye mkonzi wa A Companion kwa Salman Rushdie (Cambridge University Press, 2007). Wakhala mkonzi wothandizira wa Wasafiri kuyambira 1987. Wakhala woweruza wa mphotho kuphatikiza Caine Prize for African Writing ndi Booker Prize.

## Zolemba
Benjamin List

**Benjamin List** (wobadwa pa 11 Januware 1968) ndi katswiri wamagetsi waku Germany yemwe ndi m'modzi mwa oyang'anira a Max Planck Institute for Coal Research komanso pulofesa wa organic chemistry ku University of Cologne. Anapanga organocatalysis, njira yothamangitsira kusintha kwa mankhwala ndikuwapangitsa kukhala ogwira ntchito bwino. Adagawana mphotho ya 2021 Nobel mu Chemistry ndi David MacMillan "pakukula kwa asymmetric organocatalysis".

## Mbiri
Wobadwira m'banja lapakati-lapakati la asayansi ndi ojambula ku Frankfurt, Mndandanda ndi mdzukulu wamwamuna wa katswiri wamatenda a Franz Volhard ndi mdzukulu wa 2 wa wasayansi Jacob Volhard. Azakhali ake, omwe analandila Nobel mu 1995 mu zamankhwala Christiane Nüsslein-Volhard, ndi mlongo wa amayi ake, wopanga mapulani a Heidi List. Ali ndi zaka zitatu, makolo ake adasudzulana.

## Ulemu ndi mphotho

*1994 NaFöG-Award from the City of Berlin
*1997 Feodor Lynen Fellowship of the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation
*2000 Synthesis-Synlett Journal Award
*2003  of the German Chemical Society
*2004 Degussa Prize for Chiral Chemistry
*2004 Lecturer’s Award of the Fonds der Chemischen Industrie
*2004 Lieseberg Prize of the University of Heidelberg
*2005 AstraZeneca European Lectureship, the Society of Synthetic Chemistry, Japan
*2005 Lectureship Award
*2005 Novartis Young Investigator Award
*2006 JSPS Fellowship Award of Japan
*2007 AstraZeneca Award in Organic Chemistry
*2007 Award of the Fonds der Chemischen Industrie
*2007 OBC-Lecture Award
*2008 Visiting Professor at Sungkyunkwan University, Korea
*2009 Boehringer-Ingelheim Lectureship, Canada
*2009 Organic Reactions Lectureship, US
*2009 Thomson Reuters Citation Laureate
*2011 Boehringer-Ingelheim Lectureship, Harvard University, US
*2011 ERC Advanced Grant
*2012 Novartis Chemistry Lectureship Award
*2012 
*2013 Horst-Pracejus-Preis
*2013 Mukaiyama Award
*2013 Ruhrpreis, Mülheim, Germany
*2014 Cope Scholar Award, US
*2014 Thomson Reuters Highly Cited Researcher
*2015 Carl Shipp Marvel Lectures, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, US
*2016 Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Prize
*2017 Prof. U. R. Ghatak Endowment Lecture, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science (IACS), Kolkata, India
*2017 Ta-shue Chou Lectureship, Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
*2018 Member of the German National Academy of Sciences Leopoldina
*2019 Herbert C. Brown Lecture, Purdue University, Indiana, US
*2019	Web of Science Citation Laureate™ in Chemistry
*2021	TCR Lecture,100th CSJ Annual Meeting, Japan
*2021 Nobel Prize in Chemistry
*2022 Herbert C. Brown Award 2022 for Creative Research in Synthetic Methodes

## Ntchito zosankhidwa

* 
* 
* 
* 
* 
* 
* 

## Zolemba
David MacMillan

**David William Cross MacMillan** FRS FRSE (wobadwa pa 16 Marichi 1968) ndi wamankhwala waku Scotland komanso a James S. McDonnell University of Chemistry a University of Princeton, komwe adalinso Mpando wa department of Chemistry kuyambira 2010 mpaka 2015. Adagawana nawo Mphoto ya 2021 Nobel mu Chemistry ndi Benjamin List "yopanga asymmetric organocatalysis".

## Maphunziro ndi moyo woyambirira
MacMillan adabadwira ku Bellshill, Scotland mu 1968. Adalandira digiri yoyamba yaukadaulo ku chemistry ku University of Glasgow, komwe adagwira ntchito ndi Ernie Colvin.

Mu 1990, adachoka ku UK kuti ayambe maphunziro ake a udokotala motsogozedwa ndi Pulofesa Larry Overman ku Yunivesite ya California, Irvine. Munthawi imeneyi, adayang'ana kwambiri pakupanga njira zatsopano zomwe zimayendetsedwa ndikupanga ma bicyclic tetrahydrofurans. Maphunziro omaliza a MacMillan adafika pachimake pakuphatikizira kwa 7 - (-) - deacetoxyalcyonin acetate, eunicellin diterpenoid yotalikirana ndi coral yofewa ya Eunicella stricta. Adapeza Ph.D. mu 1996.

Adayamika momwe adaleredwa ku Scottish ngati chifukwa chomupezera Nobel.

## Ntchito ndi kafukufuku
Atalandira Ph.D., MacMillan adalandira udindo ndi Pulofesa David Evans ku Harvard University. Maphunziro ake omwe adachita pambuyo pake anali okhudza enantioselective catalysis, makamaka, kapangidwe ndi kakulidwe ka Sn (II) -edived bisoxazoline complexes (Sn (II) box).

MacMillan adayamba kuchita kafukufuku wodziyimira pawokha ngati membala waukadaulo wa chemistry ku University of California, Berkeley mu Julayi 1998. Adalowa nawo department of chemistry ku Caltech mu June 2000, komwe kafukufuku wamagulu ake anali okhudzana ndi njira zatsopano zopangira katemera wa enantioselective. Mu 2004, adasankhidwa kukhala Earle C. Anthony Pulofesa wa Chemistry. Anakhala Pulofesa Wodziwika pa University of James S. McDonnell ku University of Princeton mu Seputembara 2006.

Amadziwika kuti ndi m'modzi mwa omwe adayambitsa organocatalysis. Mu 2000, MacMillan idapanga mamolekyulu ang'onoang'ono omwe amatha kupatsa kapena kuvomereza ma elekitironi motero kuwongolera machitidwe. Iye adapanga ma catalyst omwe amatha kuyendetsa asymmetric catalysis, momwe mayankho amapangira gawo lamanzere lamamolekyu kuposa lamanja, kapena mosemphanitsa. Gulu lofufuzira la MacMillan lapita patsogolo kwambiri pankhani ya asymmetric organocatalysis, ndipo agwiritsa ntchito njirazi zatsopano pakuphatikizika kwa zinthu zachilengedwe zosiyanasiyana. Adapanga chiral imidazolidinone othandizira. Ma MacMillan othandizira [de] amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Zitsanzo ndi zomwe Diels-Alder reaction, 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions, Friedel-Crafts alkylations kapena Michael zowonjezera.

Pakati pa 2010 ndi 2014, MacMillan anali Woyambitsa Mkonzi wa magazini ya Chemical Science, mbiri yotchuka ya chemistry yofalitsidwa ndi Royal Society of Chemistry.

## Zolemba
National Aeronautics and Space Administration

**National Aeronautics and Space Administration** (NASA / ˈnæsə /) ndi bungwe lodziyimira palokha la boma la U.S. NASA idakhazikitsidwa mu 1958, kutsata National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA). Bungwe latsopanoli liyenera kukhala lotsogola, lolimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito mwamtendere sayansi yasayansi. Chiyambire kukhazikitsidwa, zoyesayesa zambiri zaku US zakutsogola zakhala zikutsogoleredwa ndi NASA, kuphatikiza malo okwera a Apollo Moon, station ya Skylab, kenako Space Shuttle. NASA ikuthandizira International Space Station ndipo ikuyang'anira ntchito yopanga zombo za Orion, Space Launch System, Commerce Crew magalimoto, ndi malo okonzekera malo a Lunar Gateway. Bungweli lilinso ndi udindo wa Launch Services Program, yomwe imayang'anira ntchito zoyambitsa ndi kuwongolera kuwerengera kwa kukhazikitsidwa kwa NASA kosadziwika.

Sayansi ya NASA imayang'ana kwambiri pakumvetsetsa Dziko Lapansi kudzera pa Earth Observation System; kupititsa patsogolo heliophysics kudzera mu kuyesetsa kwa Science Mission Directorate's Heliophysics Research Program; kuyang'ana matupi mu Dzuwa ndi zida zapamwamba za robotic monga New Horizons; ndikufufuza mitu ya astrophysics, monga Big Bang, kudzera mu Great Observatories ndi mapulogalamu ena.

## Mishoni
NASA yakhazikitsa maulendo opitilira 500 m'mbiri yake yazaka 50. Ntchito zopitilira 150 zidakwera anthu. Mautumiki oterewa ndiokwera mtengo kwambiri ndipo ndiotchuka kwambiri koma zotsegulira zambiri ndizofufuza mlengalenga, sayansi, ndi zina zomwe sizikusowa anthu. Zombo za NASA monga Cassini-Huygens ndi pulogalamu ya Voyager zayendera dziko lonse lapansi mu Solar System. Zombo zinayi za NASA zasiya Solar System, Voyager 1, Voyager 2, Pioneer 10 ndi Pioneer 11. Pofika mu 2013 Voyager 1 ili pafupi makilomita 18,800,000,000 (18.8 biliyoni) kuchokera Padziko Lapansi.

## Zolemba
Prime Minister waku Japan

**Prime Minister waku Japan** (mwamwayi amatchedwa PMOJ) ndiye mtsogoleri waboma la Japan, wamkulu wa National Cabinet and the chief-chief of the Japanese Armed Forces; Amasankhidwa ndi Emperor waku Japan atasankhidwa ndi National Diet ndipo akuyenera kukhala ndi chidaliro ku Nyumba ya Oyimilira kuti apitiliza kugwira ntchito. Ndiye mutu wa nduna ndipo amasankha ndikuchotsa nduna zina zaboma. Kutanthauzira kwenikweni kwa dzina laku Japan ku ofesiyo ndi **Minister of the Comprehensive Administration of (kapena Presidency over) a Cabinet.**

Prime minister wapano ku Japan ndi a Fumio Kishida, omwe adalowa m'malo mwa Yoshihide Suga pa 4 Okutobala 2021.

## Mbiri
Lamulo la Meiji lisanakhazikitsidwe, dziko la Japan silinachite kulembedwa. Poyambirira, dongosolo lalamulo louziridwa ndi Chitchaina lotchedwa ritsuryō lidakhazikitsidwa kumapeto kwa nyengo ya Asuka komanso nthawi yoyambirira ya Nara. Idalongosola boma lotsogozedwa ndi ukadaulo wapamwamba komanso wopindulitsa, wogwira ntchito, mwamalingaliro, motsogozedwa ndi Emperor; ngakhale pakuchita, mphamvu zenizeni nthawi zambiri zimachitikira kwina, monga m'manja mwa banja la Fujiwara, omwe adakwatirana ndi Imperial Family munthawi ya Heian, kapena ndi wolamulira shōgun. Mwachidziwitso, ritsuryō code yomalizira, Yōrō Code yomwe inakhazikitsidwa mu 752, inali ikugwirabe ntchito pa nthawi ya Kubwezeretsa kwa Meiji.

Pansi pa dongosolo lino, a Daijō-daijin (太 政 大臣, Chancellor of the Realm) anali mtsogoleri wa Daijō-kan (Dipatimenti Yaboma), bungwe lalikulu kwambiri m'boma lachifumu lakale ku Japan munthawi ya Heian mpaka pano Constitution ya Meiji ndikusankhidwa kwa Sanjō Sanetomi ku 1871. Ofesiyi idasinthidwa mu 1885 ndikusankhidwa kwa Itō Hirobumi kukhala Prime Minister, zaka zinayi kukhazikitsidwa kwa Constitution ya Meiji, komwe sikunatchuleko Cabinet kapena udindo a Prime Minister momveka bwino. Zinatenga mawonekedwe ake pakadali pano kukhazikitsidwa kwa Constitution of Japan ku 1947.

Pakadali pano, anthu 64 agwiranso ntchitoyi. Prime minister yemwe watenga nthawi yayitali mpaka pano ndi Shinzō Abe, yemwe adatumikira monga prime minister munjira ziwiri: kuyambira 26 Seputembara 2006 mpaka 26 Seputembara 2007, komanso kuyambira 26 Disembala 2012 mpaka 16 Seputembara 2020.

## Ziyeneretso

* Ayenera kukhala membala wa nyumba iliyonse yazakudya. (Izi zikutanthauza zaka zosachepera 25 komanso kufunikira kokhala dziko la Japan.)
* Ayenera kukhala wamba. Izi sizikuphatikiza mamembala achitetezo a Japan. Asitikali akale amatha kusankhidwa, Yasuhiro Nakasone ndi chitsanzo chabwino.

## Mndandanda wa Prime Minister waku Japan

## Zolemba
Lulu Haangala

**Lulu Haangala** (wobadwa pa 12 Marichi 1984), yemwenso amadziwika ndi dzina lake **Luyando Haangala Wood** ndi mlangizi wa zankhani komanso kulumikizana ku Zambia, TV, Master of Ceremonies ndipo ndi Kazembe Wachinyamata waku US ku Zambia, Pizza Hut Zambia ndi Samsung Kazembe wa Brand waku Zambia komanso woyambitsa #WeKeepMoving Foundation ndipo mu Disembala 2014 Lulu amakhala othandizana ndi Dagon Holding Media. Lulu watchulidwanso mu 2016 Meyi ya South Africa Magazine Mamas & Papas ngati nkhani yophimba.

## Moyo wakuubwana
Lulu adabadwa Luyando Haangala mu 1984 mwana wamkazi woyamba kubadwa m'banja la anayi. Lulu adachita zaka ziwiri zamaphunziro ake oyamba ku Zambia zotsala, kuphatikiza maphunziro aku sekondale, zidachitikira ku Zimbabwe. Anaphunzira ku Baraton University ku Kenya komwe adachita chaka chake choyamba ku University. Izi, komabe, sizinayende bwino koma m'malo mwake adasamukira ku Cape Town, South Africa, komwe adaphunzira zaka 4 ndipo ali ndi B.A. mu Kulumikizana ndi digiri yaying'ono mu Bizinesi mu 2005 komanso ali ndi satifiketi mu Diplomatic Practice and Protocol kudzera ku Zambian Institute of diplomacy and International Study ku 2008.

## Zolemba
Emiliano Aguirre

**Emiliano Aguirre Enríquez** (5 Okutobala 1925 - 11 Okutobala 2021) anali wolemba mbiri yakale ku Spain, wodziwika chifukwa cha ntchito zake pamalo ofukula zinthu zakale ku Atapuerca, yemwe amafufuza kuchokera 1978 mpaka kupuma pantchito mu 1990. Adalandira Mphotho ya Prince of Asturias mu 1997.

## Wambiri
A. Anali m'Jesuit wakale ndi PhD ya sayansi ya zamoyo ndi chiphunzitso chokhudza njovu zomwe zinatha motsogoleredwa ndi Miquel Crusafont i Pairó.

Pakati pa 1955 ndi 1956, anali wofunafuna malo a dinosaur ku Tremp Basin [es] ndipo wofufuza ndikuwulula malo atsopano a 30 apamadzi ndi am'mbali ku Cenozoic ku Granada pakati pa 1956 ndi 1961.

Kufukula kwake koyamba kunachitika m'ma 1960. Pakati pa 1961 ndi 1963, adafukula, limodzi ndi a Francis Clark Howell, malo owerengera zakale a Torralba ndi Ambrona, pogwiritsa ntchito njira zatsopano zosiyanasiyana. Mu 1963, adapanga Arbona Museum, nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale zoyambirira zomwe zili ndi ziwonetsero zakale za ku zinthu zakale ku Europe. Mu 1963, adali mgulu la Spanish Mission of Archaeological Salvage ku Nubia, momwe adaphunzirira zotsalira za anthu ku necropolis ku Argin (Sudan). Mu 1968, chifukwa chothandizana ndi a Wenner-Gren Foundation, adapita ku South Africa kuti akaphunzire zakale zakale ku Kenya kuti akafufuze ku Tugen Hills ndi wofukula mabwinja a Louis Leakey.

Adalowa nawo Spanish National Council Council ngati wofufuza mu 1974, ndikusiya Society of Jesus.

Pakati pa 1978 ndi 1982, Emiliano Aguirre anali Pulofesa wa Paleontology ku Yunivesite ya Zaragoza komanso pakati pa 1982 ndi 1984 ku Complutense University of Madrid. Pa 24 Meyi 2000, adalumbiridwa ngati ulemu ku Spain Royal Academy of Science, udindo womwe adakhala nawo mpaka kumwalira kwake. Iye ankayang'anira mfundo 26 za udokotala.

Anali membala wa Academy of Fine Arts and History 'Institución Fernán González'.

## Zolemba