Tsiku la Chikumbutso cha Dziko (Cambodia)

**Tsiku la Chikumbutso cha Dziko** (Khmer: ទិវាជាតិនៃការចងចាំ, romanized: Tivea Cheate nei kar Changcham), lomwe kale linkatchedwa **National Day of Hatred**, lomwe limachitika pachaka pa Meyi 20, ku Cambodia. Imakumbukira kuphedwa kwa anthu ku Cambodia kwa boma la Khmer Rouge lomwe lidalamulira dzikolo pakati pa 1975 ndi 1979. Linakhala tchuthi chadziko lonse mu 2018.

Dzina lachingerezi loti 'Tsiku Lachidani' silinamasuliridwe molakwika. Dzina la Khmer, litakhazikitsidwa mu 1983, linali ទិវាចងកំហឹង - Ti Veer Jrong Komhuoeng ('Tsiku la Kukwiya Kwambiri'). Dzinali litha kumasuliridwanso kuti 'Tsiku Losunga Ukali'.

## Mbiriyakale
'Tsiku Lachidani Ladziko Lapansi' linakhazikitsidwa koyamba ku People's Republic of Kampuchea (PRK) pa May 20, 1984. Chikumbutsocho chinayambika ndi msonkhano wa pa September 12, 1983, ku Phnom Penh wa anthu pafupifupi 300 anzeru ndi atsogoleri achipembedzo. Tsikuli lidasankhidwa kuyambira pomwe lidayamba kupha anthu ambiri ku Democratic Kampuchea pa Meyi 20, 1975. Linalinso tsiku lomwe gulu la Khmer Rouge lidayambitsa gulu lokakamiza kumwera kwa Takéo mu 1973.

Ku PRK, mutu wonse wa chochitikacho unali 'Tsiku Lachidani motsutsana ndi gulu lopha anthu a Pol Pot-Ieng Sary-Khieu Samphan ndi magulu a Sihanouk-Son Sann reactionary'. Tsiku la Udani Ladziko Lonse linali tchuthi lofunika kwambiri mu PRK, ndipo Kampuchean United Front for National Construction and Defense inasonkhanitsa mabungwe ambiri a Kampuchean kuti awonetsetse kuti anthu ambiri atenga nawo mbali.

Mu PRK, ndondomeko za United States (zotchedwa imperialist) ndi People's Republic of China (zotchedwa expansionist) zinalinso zolinga zakusakonda pa Tsiku la Udani. Msonkhano wa 1983 unanena kuti cholinga cha National Day of Hatred chinali kusonkhanitsa maganizo a anthu padziko lonse kuti atsutsane ndi a Khmer Rouge, ogwirizana nawo ndi owathandiza akunja. Makamaka, nkhani yoimira Boma la Coalition of Democratic Kampuchea ku United Nations idawonetsedwa.

M'zaka za m'ma 1980 ndi 1990, Tsiku la Udani Ladziko Lonse linkadziwika ndi malankhulidwe amoto komanso kuwotchedwa kwa mapepala a Pol Pot. M'zaka za PRK, Tsiku Lachidani Ladziko Lonse lidayimira malo amodzi ochepa kwambiri kwa ozunzidwa ndi Khmer Rouge kuti akambirane poyera zomwe adakumana nazo kuyambira nthawi ya Democratic Kampuchea. Komanso, chochitikacho chinapereka malo owonjezereka kwa mabungwe achipembedzo (monga akachisi a Buddhist) kuti agwire ntchito.

Panthawi ya UNTAC, Tsiku Lachidani Ladziko Lonse lidayikidwa pampando pomwe olamulira a UN adafuna kuphatikizira a Khmer Rouge mu ndale. Pambuyo pake m’ma 1990, tsikuli linatsitsimutsidwa. Mu 2001, mwambowu unatchedwa 'Tsiku la Chikumbutso'.

Tsiku la Udani Wadziko Lonse likadalibe chizindikiro ku Cambodia, ngakhale kuti zikumbutso ndi zazing'ono lero. Popeza kuti magulu a zigawenga a Khmer Rouge otsalawo anapatukana kwambiri, Tsiku la Udani Wadziko Lonse linasiya kutchuka. Zikumbukiro zidakalipo, monga maseŵero a zisudzo zapagulu za nyengo ya Khmer Rouge. Chipani cha Cambodian People's Party (kubadwa kwamakono kwa KPRP, chipani cholamulira ku PRK) chikuchitabe chikumbutso cha Tsiku la Udani Wadziko Lonse, nthawi zambiri kukumbutsa anthu a ku Cambodia za maulalo a Khmer Rouge kuyambira m'ma 1980 a zipani zotsutsa zamakono. Municipality ya Phnom Penh yakhazikitsa mwambo wokonzekera kuyendera minda ya Choeung Ek, komwe kumachita miyambo ya Chibuda.

## Zolemba